I
103D CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 3431
To amend the Export Administration Act of 1979 with respect to exports
of computers, telecommunications equipment, and semiconductors.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
NOVEMBER 3, 1993
Mr. MANZULLO (for himself, Ms. CANTWELL, Mr. ROTH, and Mr. COX) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign
Affairs
A BILL
To amend the Export Administration Act of 1979 with re-
spect to exports of computers, telecommunications equip-
ment, and semiconductors.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Computer and Commu-
nications Trade Freedom Act’’.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Increased communications and exchange of
information through computer and telecommuni-
cations networks promotes the development of demo-
cratic political institutions, free market reforms, and
economic modernization; nevertheless, computers,
telecommunications, 
semiconductor, 
and 
related
equipment, software, and technology account for
more than 85 percent of the value of exports con-
trolled by the United States Department of Com-
merce under the Export Administration Act of 1979.
(2) The computer, telecommunications, and
semiconductor 
industries 
account 
for
$55,000,000,000 in exports and 12.3 percent of all
of the export trade of the United States. These sec-
tors represent over 850,000 jobs in the United
States.
(3) The rapid pace of technological development
and the dramatic reductions in product innovation
cycles for these products have rendered any system
for controlling their export meaningless.
(4) The availability of advanced computer, tele-
communications, and semiconductor products from
sources of supply other than the United States and
members of the Coordinating Committee for Multi-
lateral Export Countries (COCOM) exists, and the
perpetuation of export controls on these products
disadvantages United States exporters to the det-
riment of the domestic economy, United States inno-
vation, and employment of American workers in
these 3 industries and in those United States indus-
tries which are the suppliers and customers of these
industries.
SEC. 3. REMOVAL OF EXPORT CONTROLS ON COMPUTERS
AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT.
Section 4 of the Export Administration Act of 1979
(50 U.S.C. App. 2401) is amended by adding at the end
the following new subsection:
‘‘(h) LICENSE AUTHORITY FOR COMPUTERS, TELE-
COMMUNICATIONS
EQUIPMENT, 
AND
SEMICONDUC-
TORS.—
‘‘(1)(A) No validated license or reexport author-
ization may be required for the export or reexport
(as the case may be), for consumption or use in any
country other than a targeted country, of any prod-
uct or related software or technology that is or
would be classified under the following entries of the
control list as in effect on July 1, 1993, except for
any such product or related software or technology
to which missile technology controls apply under the
control list:
‘‘(i) Computers and related equipment
under Category 4, code letter A.
‘‘(ii) 
Telecommunications 
and 
related
equipment under Category 5, Part I.
‘‘(iii) Semiconductors, as follows:
‘‘(I) 
Items 
3A01A.a, 
3A02A.h,
3A92F, and all integrated circuits or their
microelectronic devices classified under
3A96G.
‘‘(II) 
Items 
3D01A 
related 
to
3A01A.a and 3A02A.h, 3D03A, 3D94F,
and 3D96G related to integrated circuits
or other microelectronic devices classified
under 3A96G.
‘‘(III) 
Items 
3E01A 
related 
to
3A01A.a and 3A02A.h, 3E02A, 3E94F re-
lated to 3A92F, and 3E96G related to in-
tegrated circuits or other microelectronic
devices classified under 3A96G.
‘‘(B) The United States shall not propose (or
ask any other government to propose) to the Coordi-
nating Committee the transfer of any item subject to
subparagraph (A) from the Industrial List of the
Coordinating Committee to the International Muni-
tions List of the Coordinating Committee.
‘‘(C) The United States shall not agree to any
proposal to transfer any item subject to subpara-
graph (A) from the Industrial List of the Coordinat-
ing Committee to the International Munitions List
of the Coordinating Committee.
‘‘(2) No control on the export or reexport of
any good or technology for which no license or au-
thorization may be required under paragraph (1)(A)
may be imposed, directly or indirectly, under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the
Trading with the Enemy Act, or other provision of
law, other than in connection with a prohibition on
all or substantially all exports to a specific country,
government, entity, or person.
‘‘(3) Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit
the Secretary from requiring a validated license for
exports to (A) a country against which the United
States maintains an embargo of all or substantially
all exports, or (B) a party lawfully denied export
privileges under this Act.
‘‘(4) For the purposes of this subsection, the
term ‘targeted country’ means any country—
‘‘(A) the government of which the Sec-
retary of State has determined, under section
6(j), to be a government that has repeatedly
provided support for acts of international ter-
rorism; or
‘‘(B) which is subject to an embargo—
‘‘(i) which has been imposed by the
United Nations on all or substantially all
exports to that country; and
‘‘(ii) in which the United States is
participating.
‘‘(5) The provisions of this subsection apply
notwithstanding any other provision of this Act.’’.
SEC. 4. EFFECTIVE DATE.
(a) FOR AMENDMENT.—The amendment made by
section 3 shall take effect 6 months after the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(b) INTERIM NEGOTIATIONS.—Upon the enactment
of this Act, the President shall undertake negotiations
with the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export
Controls (‘‘COCOM’’) and other relevant multilateral ex-
port control regimes for the purpose of attaining agree-
ment among the members of COCOM and such other re-
gimes to apply export controls consistent with the amend-
ment made by section 3. Whether such agreement is at-
tained shall not affect the effective date set forth in sub-
section (a).
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