IB 
Union Calendar No. 630 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 7227 
[Report No. 118–760, Part I] 
To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School 
Policies in the United States, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 5, 2024 
Ms. DAVIDS of Kansas (for herself and Mr. COLE) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Education and the Work-
force, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, and En-
ergy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the 
Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within 
the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
NOVEMBER 22, 2024 
Additional sponsors: Mr. EDWARDS, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. KILMER, Mr. 
ZINKE, Ms. MOORE of Wisconsin, Mr. TRONE, Ms. NORTON, Mrs. 
NAPOLITANO, Mr. NADLER, Mr. TONKO, Ms. OMAR, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, 
Ms. TLAIB, Mr. CISCOMANI, Ms. BROWN, Ms. HOULAHAN, Mr. PAPPAS, 
Mrs. PELTOLA, Mr. COHEN, Mrs. CHAVEZ-DEREMER, Mr. FITZPATRICK, 
Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. LANDSMAN, Ms. JAYAPAL, Ms. TOKUDA, Mr. 
LANGWORTHY, Mr. LARSEN of Washington, Mr. CUELLAR, Mr. RASKIN, 
Mr. SOTO, Ms. BONAMICI, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. KIM of New Jersey, 
Mr. BACON, Ms. CRAIG, Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, 
Ms. DEAN of Pennsylvania, Mr. SORENSEN, Mr. FROST, Mr. NEGUSE, 
Mr. HORSFORD, Ms. PEREZ, Ms. BALINT, Ms. PINGREE, Mr. CLEAVER, 
Mr. PASCRELL, Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania, Ms. BLUNT ROCHESTER, Mr. 
DESAULNIER, Ms. DELBENE, Mr. KHANNA, Ms. CHU, Mr. PHILLIPS, 
Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr. MOULTON, Ms. LEGER FERNANDEZ, Ms. WILD, Mr. 
HARDER of California, Mrs. HOUCHIN, Mr. KILEY, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. 
LATURNER, Mr. OWENS, Mr. ARMSTRONG, Mr. STAUBER, Ms. LOFGREN, 
Mr. MOOLENAAR, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. TAKANO, Mr. YAKYM, Ms. 
VELA´ZQUEZ, Mr. MOLINARO, Mr. BERGMAN, Mr. NEWHOUSE, Ms. 
ESHOO, Mr. STANTON, Ms. LEE of California, and Mr. FINSTAD 
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NOVEMBER 22, 2024 
Reported from the Committee on Education and the Workforce with an 
amendment 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
NOVEMBER 22, 2024 
Committees on Natural Resources and Energy and Commerce discharged; 
committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the 
Union and ordered to be printed 
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on February 5, 2024] 
A BILL 
To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian 
Boarding School Policies in the United States, and for 
other purposes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding 
School Policies Act of 2024’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Purposes. 
Sec. 3. Definitions. 
TITLE I—COMMISSION AND SUBCOMMITTEES 
Subtitle A—Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School 
Policies in the United States 
Sec. 101. Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies in 
the United States. 
Subtitle B—Duties of the Commission 
Sec. 111. Duties of the commission. 
Subtitle C—Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 
Sec. 121. Survivors truth and healing subcommittee. 
TITLE II—ADVISORY COMMITTEES 
Subtitle A—Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
Sec. 201. Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 
Subtitle B—Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
Sec. 211. Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 
TITLE III—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
Sec. 301. Clarification. 
Sec. 302. Burial management. 
Sec. 303. Co-stewardship agreements. 
Sec. 304. No right of action. 
Sec. 305. Severability. 
SEC. 2. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this Act are— 
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(1) to establish a Truth and Healing Commis-
sion on Indian Boarding School Policies in the 
United States, including other necessary advisory 
committees and subcommittees; 
(2) to formally investigate, document, and report 
on the histories of Indian Boarding Schools, Indian 
Boarding School Polices, and the systematic and 
long-term effects of those schools and policies on Na-
tive American peoples; 
(3) to develop recommendations for Federal par-
ticipation based on the findings of the Commission; 
and 
(4) to promote healing for survivors of Indian 
Boarding Schools, the descendants of those survivors, 
and the communities of those survivors. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
COMMISSION.—The 
term 
‘‘Commission’’ 
means the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian 
Boarding School Policies in the United States estab-
lished by section 101(a). 
(2) FEDERAL
TRUTH
AND
HEALING
ADVISORY 
COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Federal Truth and Healing 
Advisory Committee’’ means the Federal Truth and 
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Healing Advisory Committee established by section 
211(a). 
(3) INDIAN.—The term ‘‘Indian’’ has the mean-
ing given the term in section 6151 of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
7491). 
(4) INDIAN BOARDING SCHOOL.—The term ‘‘In-
dian Boarding School’’ means— 
(A) a site of an institution that— 
(i) provided on-site housing or over-
night lodging; 
(ii) was described in Federal records as 
providing formal academic or vocational 
training and instruction to American Indi-
ans, Alaska Natives, or Native Hawaiians; 
(iii) received Federal funds or other 
Federal support; and 
(iv) was operational before 1969; 
(B) a site of an institution identified by the 
Department of the Interior in appendices A and 
B of the report entitled ‘‘Federal Indian Board-
ing School Initiative Investigative Report’’ and 
dated May 2022 (or a successor report); or 
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(C) any other institution that implemented 
Indian Boarding School Policies, including an 
Indian day school. 
(5) INDIAN BOARDING SCHOOL POLICIES.—The 
term ‘‘Indian Boarding School Policies’’ means Fed-
eral laws, policies, and practices purported to ‘‘as-
similate’’ and ‘‘civilize’’ Indians, Alaska Natives, and 
Native Hawaiians that included psychological, phys-
ical, sexual, and mental abuse, forced removal from 
home or community, and identity-altering practices 
intended to terminate Native languages, cultures, reli-
gions, social organizations, or connections to tradi-
tional land. 
(6) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian Tribe’’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the In-
dian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
(7) NATIVE
AMERICAN.—The term ‘‘Native 
American’’ means an individual who is— 
(A) an Indian; or 
(B) a Native Hawaiian. 
(8) NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING AD-
VISORY
COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee’’ means the 
Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
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mittee established by the Commission under section 
201(a). 
(9) NATIVE HAWAIIAN.—The term ‘‘Native Ha-
waiian’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517). 
(10) NATIVE
HAWAIIAN
ORGANIZATION.—The 
term ‘‘Native Hawaiian organization’’ means a pri-
vate nonprofit organization that— 
(A) serves and represents the interests of 
Native Hawaiians; 
(B) has as its primary and stated purpose 
the provision of services to Native Hawaiians; 
(C) has Native Hawaiians serving in sub-
stantive and policymaking positions; and 
(D) has expertise in Native Hawaiian af-
fairs. 
(11) OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS.—The term 
‘‘Office of Hawaiian Affairs’’ has the meaning given 
the term in section 6207 of the Elementary and Sec-
ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517). 
(12) SURVIVORS
TRUTH
AND
HEALING
SUB-
COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Survivors Truth and Heal-
ing Subcommittee’’ means the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee established by section 121(a). 
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(13) 
TRAUMA-INFORMED
CARE.—The 
term 
‘‘trauma-informed care’’ means holistic psychological 
and health care practices that include promoting cul-
turally responsive practices, patient psychological, 
physical, and emotional safety, and environments of 
healing, trust, peer support, and recovery. 
(14) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘Tribal 
organization’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu-
cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
TITLE I—COMMISSION AND 
SUBCOMMITTEES 
Subtitle 
A—Truth 
and 
Healing 
Commission on Indian Boarding 
School Policies in the United 
States 
SEC. 101. TRUTH AND HEALING COMMISSION ON INDIAN 
BOARDING SCHOOL POLICIES IN THE UNITED 
STATES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the leg-
islative branch a commission, to be known as the ‘‘Truth 
and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Poli-
cies in the United States’’. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) MEMBERSHIP.— 
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(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Commission shall 
include 5 members, to be jointly appointed by 
the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the 
Majority Leader of the Senate, and the Minority 
Leaders of the House of Representatives and the 
Senate, in consultation with the Chairperson 
and Vice Chairperson of the Committee on In-
dian Affairs of the Senate and the Chair and 
ranking minority member of the Committee on 
Natural Resources of the House of Representa-
tives, from among the nominees submitted under 
paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 
(i) 1 shall be an individual with exten-
sive experience and expertise as a principal 
investigator overseeing or leading complex 
research initiatives with and for Indian 
Tribes and Native Americans; 
(ii) 1 shall be an individual (barred in 
good standing) with extensive experience 
and expertise in the area of indigenous 
human rights law and policy, including 
overseeing or leading broad-scale investiga-
tions of abuses of indigenous human rights; 
(iii) 1 shall be an individual with ex-
tensive experience and expertise in Tribal 
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court judicial and restorative justice sys-
tems and Federal agencies, such as partici-
pation as a Tribal judge, researcher, or 
former presidentially appointed commis-
sioner; 
(iv) 1 shall be an individual with ex-
tensive experience and expertise in pro-
viding and coordinating trauma-informed 
care and other health-related services to In-
dian Tribes and Native Americans; and 
(v) 1 shall be a Native American indi-
vidual recognized as a traditional cultural 
authority by their respective Native commu-
nity. 
(B) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MEM-
BERSHIP.—In addition to the requirements de-
scribed in subparagraph (A), each member of the 
Commission shall be a person of recognized in-
tegrity and empathy, with a demonstrated com-
mitment to the values of truth, reconciliation, 
healing, and expertise in truth and healing en-
deavors that are traditionally and culturally ap-
propriate so as to provide balanced points of 
view and expertise with respect to the duties of 
the Commission. 
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(2) NOMINATIONS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, Indian 
Tribes, Tribal organizations, Native Americans, 
the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Ha-
waiian organizations may submit to the Sec-
retary of the Interior nominations for individ-
uals to be appointed to the Commission. 
(B) NATIVE AMERICAN PREFERENCE.—Indi-
viduals nominated under subparagraph (A) who 
are Native American shall receive a preference in 
the selection process for appointment to the Com-
mission under paragraph (1). 
(C) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later 
than 7 days after the submission deadline for 
nominations described in subparagraph (A), the 
Secretary of the Interior shall submit to Congress 
a list of the individuals nominated under that 
subparagraph. 
(3) DATE.—Members of the Commission under 
paragraph (1) shall be appointed not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(4) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES; RE-
MOVAL.— 
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(A) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—A member 
of the Commission shall be appointed for a term 
that is the shorter of— 
(i) 6 years; and 
(ii) the life of the Commission. 
(B) VACANCIES.—After all initial members 
of the Commission are appointed and the initial 
business meeting of the Commission has been 
convened under subsection (c)(1), a single va-
cancy in the Commission— 
(i) shall not affect the powers of the 
Commission; and 
(ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 
the same manner as was the original ap-
pointment. 
(C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 
the Commission may remove a member of the 
Commission only for neglect of duty or malfea-
sance. 
(5) TERMINATION.—The Commission shall ter-
minate 6 years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act. 
(6) LIMITATION.—No member of the Commission 
shall be an officer or employee of the Federal Govern-
ment. 
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(c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 
(1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—90 days after 
the date on which all of the members of the Commis-
sion are appointed under subsection (b)(1)(A), the 
Commission shall hold the initial business meeting of 
the Commission— 
(A) to appoint a Chairperson, a Vice Chair-
person, and such other positions as determined 
necessary by the Commission; 
(B) to establish rules for meetings of the 
Commission; and 
(C) to appoint members of— 
(i) the Survivors Truth and Healing 
Subcommittee under section 121(b)(1); and 
(ii) the Native American Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee under section 
201(b)(1). 
(2) SUBSEQUENT
BUSINESS
MEETINGS.—After 
the initial business meeting of the Commission is held 
under paragraph (1), the Commission shall meet at 
the call of the Chairperson. 
(3) ADVISORY AND SUBCOMMITTEE COMMITTEES 
DESIGNEES.—Each Commission business meeting 
shall include participation by 2 non-voting designees 
from each of the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
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committee, the Native American Truth and Healing 
Advisory Committee, and the Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee, as appointed in accord-
ance with section 121(c)(1)(D), section 201(e)(1)(C), 
and section 211(c)(1)(B), as applicable. 
(4) FORMAT OF MEETINGS.—A business meeting 
of the Commission may be conducted in-person or vir-
tually. 
(5) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 
the Commission may be held only once after a 
quorum, established in accordance with subsection 
(d), is present. 
(d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 
the Commission present shall constitute a quorum for a 
business meeting. 
(e) RULES.—The Commission may establish, by a ma-
jority vote, any rules for the conduct of Commission busi-
ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 
law. 
(f) COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 
(1) 
COMPENSATION
OF
COMMISSIONERS.—A 
member of the Commission shall be compensated at a 
daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay pre-
scribed for grade 14 of the General Schedule under 
section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, for each 
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day, not to exceed 14 days per month, for which a 
member is engaged in the performance of their duties 
under this Act, limited to convening meetings, includ-
ing public or private meetings to receive testimony in 
furtherance of the duties of the Commission and the 
purposes of this Act. 
(2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Com-
mission shall be allowed travel expenses, including 
per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for 
employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 
57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from 
their homes or regular places of business in the per-
formance of services for the Commission. 
(3) DETAIL OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES.—Any 
Federal Government employee, with the approval of 
the head of the appropriate Federal agency and at the 
request of the Commission, may be detailed to the 
Commission without— 
(A) reimbursement to the agency of that em-
ployee; and 
(B) interruption or loss of civil service sta-
tus, benefits, or privileges. 
(g) POWERS OF COMMISSION.— 
(1) HEARINGS AND EVIDENCE.—The Commission 
may, for the purpose of carrying out this Act— 
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(A) hold such hearings and sit and act at 
such times and places, take such testimony, and 
receive such evidence, virtually or in-person, as 
the Commission may determine necessary to ac-
complish the purposes of this Act; 
(B) conduct or request such interdiscipli-
nary research, investigation, or analysis of such 
information and documents, records, or other 
evidence as the Commission may determine nec-
essary to accomplish the purposes of this Act, in-
cluding— 
(i) securing, directly from a Federal 
agency, such information as the Commis-
sion considers necessary to accomplish the 
purposes of this Act; and 
(ii) requesting the head of any relevant 
Tribal or State agency to provide to the 
Commission such information as the Com-
mission considers necessary to accomplish 
the purposes of this Act; 
(C) subject to paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
subsection (i), require, by subpoena or otherwise, 
the production of such records, papers, cor-
respondence, memoranda, documents, books, vid-
eos, oral histories, recordings, or any other paper 
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or electronic material, as the Commission may 
determine necessary to accomplish the purposes 
of this Act; 
(D) oversee, direct, and collaborate with the 
Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 
the Native American Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee, and the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee to accomplish the pur-
poses of this Act; and 
(E) coordinate with Federal and non-Fed-
eral entities to preserve and archive, as appro-
priate, any gifts, documents, or other property 
received while carrying out the purposes of this 
Act. 
(2) CONTRACTING; VOLUNTEER SERVICES.— 
(A) CONTRACTING.—The Commission may, 
to such extent and in such amounts as are pro-
vided in appropriations Acts, and in accordance 
with applicable law, enter into contracts and 
other agreements with public agencies, private 
organizations, and individuals to enable the 
Commission to carry out the duties of the Com-
mission under this Act. 
(B) 
VOLUNTEER
AND
UNCOMPENSATED 
SERVICES.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of 
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title 31, United States Code, the Commission 
may accept and use such voluntary and uncom-
pensated services as the Commission determines 
to be necessary. 
(C) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION.— 
The Administrator of General Services shall pro-
vide, on request of the Commission, on a reim-
bursable basis, administrative support and other 
services for the performance of the functions of 
the Commission under this Act. 
(3) POSTAL SERVICES.—The Commission may 
use the United States mails in the same manner and 
under the same conditions as other agencies of the 
Federal Government. 
(4) GIFTS, FUNDRAISING, AND DISBURSEMENT.— 
(A) GIFTS AND DONATIONS.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Commission 
may accept, use, and dispose of any gift, 
donation, service, property, or other record 
or recording to accomplish the purposes of 
this Act. 
(ii) RETURN
OF
GIFTS
AND
DONA-
TIONS.—On termination of the Commission 
under subsection (b)(5), any gifts, unspent 
donations, property, or other record or re-
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cording accepted by the Commission under 
clause (i) shall be— 
(I) returned to the donor that 
made the donation under that clause; 
or 
(II) archived under subparagraph 
(E). 
(B) FUNDRAISING.—The Commission may, 
on the affirmative vote of 3⁄5 of the members of 
the Commission, solicit funds to accomplish the 
purposes of this Act. 
(C) 
DISBURSEMENT.—The 
Commission 
may, on the affirmative vote of 3⁄5 of the mem-
bers of the Commission, approve the expenditure 
of funds to accomplish the purposes of this Act. 
(D) TAX DOCUMENTS.—The Commission (or 
a designee) shall, on request of a donor under 
subparagraph (A) or (B), provide tax docu-
mentation to that donor for any tax-deductible 
gift made by that donor under those subpara-
graphs. 
(E) ARCHIVING.—The Commission shall co-
ordinate with the Library of Congress and the 
Smithsonian Institution to archive and preserve 
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relevant gifts or donations received under sub-
paragraph (A) or (B). 
(h) CONVENING.— 
(1) CONVENING PROTOCOL.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 45 days 
after the initial business meeting of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee, the Commission, 3 designees from the Na-
tive American Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee, and 3 designees from the Survivors 
Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall hold a 
meeting to recommend rules, protocols, and for-
mats for convenings carried out under this sub-
section. 
(B) RULES
AND
PROTOCOLS.—Not later 
than 45 days after the initial meeting described 
in subparagraph (A), the Commission shall fi-
nalize 
rules, 
protocols, 
and 
formats 
for 
convenings carried out under this subsection by 
a 3⁄5 majority in attendance at a meeting of the 
Commission. 
(C) ADDITIONAL MEETINGS.—The Commis-
sion and designees described in subparagraph 
(A) may hold additional meetings, as necessary, 
to amend, by a 3⁄5 majority in attendance at a 
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meeting of the Commission, the rules, protocols, 
and formats for convenings established under 
that subparagraph. 
(2) ANNOUNCEMENT OF CONVENINGS.—Not later 
than 30 days before the date of a convening under 
this subsection, the Commission shall announce the lo-
cation and details of the convening. 
(3) MINIMUM
NUMBER
OF
CONVENINGS.—The 
Commission shall hold— 
(A) not fewer than 1 convening in each of 
the 12 regions of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 
and in Hawai’i during the life of the Commis-
sion; and 
(B) beginning 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, not fewer than 1 con-
vening in each quarter to receive testimony each 
calendar year until the date on which the Com-
mission submits the final report of the Commis-
sion under section 111(e)(3). 
(4) OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE TESTIMONY.—No 
person or entity shall be denied the opportunity to 
provide relevant testimony at a convenings held under 
this subsection, except at the discretion of the Chair-
person of the Commission (or a designee). 
(i) SUBPOENAS.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.— 
(A) ISSUANCE OF SUBPOENAS.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—If a person fails to 
supply information requested by the Com-
mission, the Commission may, on a unani-
mous vote of the Commission, issue a sub-
poena requiring from a person the produc-
tion of any written or recorded evidence 
necessary to carry out the duties of the 
Commission under section 111. 
(ii) NOTIFICATION.— 
(I) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 
10 days before the date on which the 
Commission issues a subpoena under 
clause (i), the Commission shall submit 
to the Attorney General a confidential, 
written notice of the intent to issue the 
subpoena. 
(II) SUBPOENA
PROHIBITED
BY 
ATTORNEY GENERAL.— 
(aa) IN GENERAL.—The At-
torney General, on receiving a no-
tice under subclause (I), may, on 
a showing of a procedural or sub-
stantive defect, and after the Com-
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mission has a reasonable oppor-
tunity 
to 
cure, 
prohibit 
the 
issuance of the applicable sub-
poena described in that notice. 
(bb) NOTIFICATION TO CON-
GRESS.—On prohibition of the 
issuance of a subpoena under item 
(aa), the Attorney General shall 
submit to Congress a report de-
tailing the reasons for that prohi-
bition. 
(B) PRODUCTION OF EVIDENCE.—The pro-
duction of evidence may be required from any 
place within the United States. 
(2) FAILURE TO OBEY A SUBPOENA.— 
(A) ORDER FROM A DISTRICT COURT OF 
THE UNITED STATES.—If a person does not obey 
a subpoena issued under paragraph (1), the 
Commission is authorized to apply to a district 
court of the United States described in subpara-
graph (B) for an order requiring that person to 
comply with the subpoena. 
(B) LOCATION.—An application under sub-
paragraph (A) may be made within the judicial 
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district where the person described in that sub-
paragraph resides or transacts business. 
(C) PENALTY.—Any failure to obey an 
order of a court described in subparagraph (A) 
may be punished by the court as a civil con-
tempt. 
(3) SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION.—The dis-
trict court of the United States in which an action 
is brought under paragraph (2)(B) shall have original 
jurisdiction over any civil action brought by the Com-
mission to enforce, secure a declaratory judgment con-
cerning the validity of, or prevent a threatened refusal 
or failure to comply with the applicable subpoena 
issued by the Commission. 
(4) SERVICE OF SUBPOENAS.—The subpoenas of 
the Commission shall be served in the manner pro-
vided for subpoenas issued by a district court of the 
United States under the Federal Rules of Civil Proce-
dure. 
(5) SERVICE OF PROCESS.—All process of any 
court to which an application is made under para-
graph (2) may be served in the judicial district in 
which the person required to be served resides or 
transacts business. 
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(j) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 
shall not apply to the Commission. 
(k) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 
Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 
(1) any individual who is an employee of the 
Commission shall be considered a covered employee 
under the Act; and 
(2) the Commission shall be considered an em-
ploying office under the Act. 
(l) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE 
AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE 
OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Com-
mission under section 111, the Commission shall meaning-
fully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a timely manner 
with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, Tribal organiza-
tions, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian 
organizations. 
(m) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For each 
fiscal year in which the Commission is operational, there 
is authorized to be appropriated $15,000,000 to the Com-
mission to carry out this Act. Amounts appropriated pursu-
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ant to this authorization shall be derived and transferred 
from the unexpired, unobligated balances of all amounts 
made available to the Indian Health Service to prevent, 
prepare for, or respond to coronavirus. 
(n) RESCISSION.—Of the unobligated balances of funds 
made available by section 11001 of Public Law 117–2, 
$90,000,000 are hereby permanently rescinded. 
Subtitle B—Duties of the 
Commission 
SEC. 111. DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION. 
(a) INVESTIGATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall conduct 
a comprehensive interdisciplinary investigation of In-
dian Boarding School Policies, including the social, 
cultural, economic, emotional, and physical effects of 
Indian Boarding School Policies in the United States 
on Native American communities, Indian Tribes, sur-
vivors of Indian Boarding Schools, families of those 
survivors, and their descendants. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INVESTIGATED.—The mat-
ters to be investigated by the Commission under para-
graph (1) shall include, at a minimum— 
(A) conducting a comprehensive review of 
existing research and historical records of Indian 
Boarding School Policies and any documenta-
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tion, scholarship, or other resources relevant to 
the purposes of this Act from— 
(i) any archive or any other document 
storage location, notwithstanding the loca-
tion of that archive or document storage lo-
cation; and 
(ii) any research conducted by private 
individuals, private entities, and non-Fed-
eral Government entities, whether domestic 
or foreign, including religious institutions; 
(B) collaborating with the Federal Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee to obtain all 
relevant information from— 
(i) the Department of the Interior, the 
Department of Health and Human Services, 
other relevant Federal agencies, and institu-
tions or organizations, including religious 
institutions or organizations, that operated 
an Indian Boarding School, carried out In-
dian Boarding School Policies, or have in-
formation that the Commission determines 
to be relevant to the investigation of the 
Commission; and 
(ii) Indian Tribes, Tribal organiza-
tions, Native Americans, the Office of Ha-
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waiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian orga-
nizations; and 
(C) conducting a comprehensive assessment 
of the impacts of Indian Boarding School Poli-
cies on American Indian, Alaska Native, and 
Native Hawaiian students and alumni, includ-
ing the impact on cultures, traditions, and lan-
guages. 
(3) RESEARCH
RELATED
TO
OBJECTS, ARTI-
FACTS, AND
REAL
PROPERTY.—If the Commission 
conducts a comprehensive review of research described 
in paragraph (2)(A)(ii) that focuses on objects, arti-
facts, or real or personal property that are in the pos-
session or control of private individuals, private enti-
ties, or non-Federal Government entities within the 
United States, the Commission may enter into a con-
tract or agreement to acquire, hold, curate, or main-
tain those objects, artifacts, or real or personal prop-
erty until the objects, artifacts, or real or personal 
property can be properly repatriated or returned, 
consistent with applicable Federal law, subject to the 
condition that no Federal funds may be used to pur-
chase those objects, artifacts, or real or personal prop-
erty. 
(b) MEETINGS AND CONVENINGS.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall hold, 
with the advice of the Native American Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee and the Survivors Truth 
and Healing Subcommittee, and in coordination 
with, as relevant, Indian Tribes, Tribal organiza-
tions, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Ha-
waiian organizations, as part of its investigation 
under subsection (a), safe, trauma-informed, and cul-
turally appropriate public or private meetings or 
convenings to receive testimony relating to that inves-
tigation. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The Commission shall en-
sure that meetings and convenings held under para-
graph (1) provide access to adequate trauma-informed 
care services for participants, attendees, and commu-
nities during and following the meetings and 
convenings where the Commission receives testimony, 
including ensuring that private space is available for 
survivors and descendants of survivors, family mem-
bers, and other community members to receive trau-
ma-informed care services. 
(c) RECOMMENDATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall make 
recommendations to Congress relating to the inves-
tigation carried out under subsection (a), which shall 
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be included in the final report required under sub-
section (e)(3). 
(2) INCLUSIONS.—Recommendations made under 
paragraph (1) shall include, at a minimum, rec-
ommendations relating to— 
(A) in light of Tribal and Native Hawaiian 
law, Tribal customary law, tradition, custom, 
and practice, how the Federal Government can 
meaningfully acknowledge the role of the Federal 
Government in supporting Indian Boarding 
School Policies in all issue areas that the Com-
mission determines relevant, including appro-
priate forms of memorialization, preservation of 
records, objects, artifacts, and burials; 
(B) how modification of existing statutes, 
procedures, regulations, policies, budgets, and 
practices will, in the determination of the Com-
mission, address the findings of the Commission 
and ongoing effects of Indian Boarding School 
Policies; and 
(C) how the Federal Government can pro-
mote public awareness of, and education about, 
Indian Boarding School Policies and the im-
pacts of those policies, including through coordi-
nating with the Native American Truth and 
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Healing Advisory Committee, the Survivors 
Truth and Healing Subcommittee, the Smithso-
nian Institution, and other relevant institutions 
and organizations. 
(d) DUTIES RELATED TO BURIALS.—The Commission 
shall, with respect to burial sites associated with Indian 
Boarding Schools— 
(1) coordinate, as appropriate, with the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 
the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee, lin-
eal descendants, Indian Tribes, the Office of Hawai-
ian Affairs, Federal agencies, institutions, and orga-
nizations to locate and identify, in a culturally ap-
propriate manner, marked and unmarked burial 
sites, including cemeteries, unmarked graves, and 
mass burial sites, where students of Indian Boarding 
Schools were originally or later interred; 
(2) locate, document, analyze, and coordinate the 
preservation or continued preservation of records and 
information relating to the interment of students, in-
cluding any records held by Federal, State, inter-
national, or local entities or religious institutions or 
organizations; and 
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(3) share, to the extent practicable, with affected 
lineal descendants, Indian Tribes, and the Office of 
Hawaiian Affairs burial locations and the identities 
of children who attended Indian Boarding Schools. 
(e) REPORTS.— 
(1) ANNUAL REPORTS TO CONGRESS.—Not less 
frequently than annually until the year before the 
year in which the Commission expires, the Commis-
sion shall submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs 
of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Re-
sources of the House of Representatives a report that 
describes the activities of the Commission during the 
previous year, including an accounting of funds and 
gifts received and expenditures made, the progress 
made, and any barriers encountered in carrying out 
this Act. 
(2) COMMISSION
INITIAL
REPORT.—Not later 
than 4 years after the date on which a majority of 
the members of the Commission are appointed under 
section 101(b)(1), the Commission shall submit to the 
individuals described in paragraph (4), and make 
publicly available, an initial report containing— 
(A) a detailed review of existing research, 
including documentation, scholarship, or other 
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resources shared with the Commission that fur-
ther the purposes of this Act; 
(B) a detailed statement of the initial find-
ings and conclusions of the Commission; and 
(C) a detailed statement of the initial rec-
ommendations of the Commission. 
(3) COMMISSION FINAL REPORT.—Before the ex-
piration of the Commission, the Commission shall 
submit to the individuals described in paragraph (4), 
and make publicly available, a final report con-
taining the findings, conclusions, and recommenda-
tions of the Commission that have been agreed on by 
the vote of a majority of the members of the Commis-
sion and 3⁄5 of the members of each of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
and the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee. 
(4) REPORT RECIPIENTS.—The individuals re-
ferred to in paragraphs (2) and (3) are— 
(A) the President; 
(B) the Secretary of the Interior; 
(C) the Attorney General; 
(D) the Comptroller General of the United 
States; 
(E) the Secretary of Education; 
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(F) the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services; 
(G) the Secretary of Defense; 
(H) the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson 
of the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Sen-
ate; 
(I) the Chairperson and ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Natural Resources 
of the House of Representatives; 
(J) the Co-Chairs of the Congressional Na-
tive American Caucus; 
(K) the Executive Director of the White 
House Council on Native American Affairs; 
(L) the Director of the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget; 
(M) the Archivist of the United States; 
(N) the Librarian of Congress; and 
(O) the Director of the National Museum of 
the American Indian. 
(5) ADDITIONAL COMMISSION RESPONSIBILITIES 
RELATING TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE INITIAL AND 
FINAL REPORTS.— 
(A) EVENTS
RELATING
TO
INITIAL
RE-
PORT.— 
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(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Commission 
shall hold not fewer than 2 events in each 
region of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and 
in Hawai’i following publication of the ini-
tial report under paragraph (2) to receive 
comments on the initial report. 
(ii) TIMING.—The schedule of events 
referred to in clause (i) shall be announced 
not later than 90 days after the date on 
which the initial report under paragraph 
(6) is published. 
(B) PUBLICATION OF FINAL REPORT.—Not 
later than 180 days after the date on which the 
Commission submits the final report under para-
graph (3), the Commission, the Secretary of the 
Interior, the Secretary of Education, the Sec-
retary of Defense, and the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services shall each make the final 
report publicly available on the website of the 
applicable agency. 
(6) SECRETARIAL
RESPONSE
TO
FINAL
RE-
PORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date on 
which the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of 
Education, the Secretary of Defense, and the Sec-
retary of Health and Human Services receive the 
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final report under paragraph (3), the Secretaries 
shall each make publicly available a written response 
to recommendations for future action by those agen-
cies, if any, contained in the final report, and submit 
the written response to— 
(A) the President; 
(B) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the 
Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Natural Resources of 
the House of Representatives; and 
(D) the Comptroller General of the United 
States. 
Subtitle C—Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee 
SEC. 
121. 
SURVIVORS 
TRUTH 
AND 
HEALING 
SUB-
COMMITTEE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a sub-
committee of the Commission, to be known as the ‘‘Sur-
vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee’’. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP, NOMINATION, AND APPOINTMENT TO 
THE SURVIVORS TRUTH AND HEALING SUBCOMMITTEE.— 
(1) MEMBERSHIP.—The Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee shall include 15 members, to 
be appointed by the Commission, in consultation with 
the National Native American Boarding School Heal-
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ing Coalition, from among the nominees submitted 
under paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 
(A) 12 shall be representatives from each of 
the 12 regions of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 
and 1 shall be a representative from Hawai’i; 
(B) 9 shall be individuals who attended an 
Indian Boarding School of whom— 
(i) not fewer than 2 shall be individ-
uals who graduated during the 5-year pe-
riod preceding the date of the enactment of 
this Act from— 
(I) an Indian Boarding School in 
operation as of that date of the enact-
ment; or 
(II) a Bureau of Indian Edu-
cation-funded school; and 
(ii) all shall represent diverse regions 
of the United States; 
(C) 5 shall be descendants of individuals 
who attended Indian Boarding Schools, who 
shall represent diverse regions of the United 
States; and 
(D) 1 shall be an educator who, as of the 
date of the appointment— 
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(i) is employed at an Indian Boarding 
School; or 
(ii) was employed at an Indian Board-
ing School during the 5-year period pre-
ceding the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(2) NOMINATIONS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Indian Tribes, Tribal 
organizations, Native Americans, the Office of 
Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organi-
zations may submit to the Secretary of the Inte-
rior nominations for individuals to be appointed 
to the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
(B) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary of the In-
terior shall provide the Commission with nomi-
nations submitted under subparagraph (A) at 
the initial business meeting of the Commission 
under section 101(c)(1) and the Commission 
shall select the members of the Survivors Truth 
and Healing Subcommittee from among those 
nominees. 
(3) DATE.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Commission shall 
appoint all members of the Survivors Truth and 
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may vacate the position at any time and 
for any reason. 
(ii) EFFECT; FILLING OF VACANCY.—A 
vacancy in the Survivors Truth and Heal-
ing Subcommittee— 
(I) shall not affect the powers of 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee if a simple majority of the 
positions of the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee are filled; and 
(II) shall be filled within 90 days 
in the same manner as was the origi-
nal appointment. 
(C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 
the Commission may remove a member of the 
Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee only 
for neglect of duty or malfeasance. 
(5) TERMINATION.—The Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee shall terminate 90 days after 
the date on which the Commission submits the final 
report required under section 111(e)(3). 
(6) LIMITATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph 
(B), no member of the Survivors Truth and 
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Healing Subcommittee shall be an officer or em-
ployee of the Federal Government. 
(B) EXCEPTION.—Subparagraph (A) shall 
not apply to an employee of a Bureau school (as 
defined in section 1141 of the Education Amend-
ments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2021)). 
(c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 
(1) INITIAL MEETING.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date on which all members of the Survivors 
Truth and Healing Subcommittee are appointed 
under subsection (b)(1), the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee shall hold an initial business 
meeting— 
(A) to appoint— 
(i) a Chairperson, who shall also serve 
as the Vice Chairperson of the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 
(ii) a Vice Chairperson, who shall also 
serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee; and 
(iii) a Secretary; 
(B) to establish, with the advice of the Com-
mission, rules for the Survivors Truth and Heal-
ing Subcommittee; 
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(C) to appoint 3 designees to fulfill the re-
sponsibilities described in section 101(h)(1)(A); 
and 
(D) to appoint, with the advice of the Com-
mission, 2 members of the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee to serve as non-voting 
designees on the Commission in accordance with 
section 101(c)(3). 
(2) SUBSEQUENT
BUSINESS
MEETINGS.—After 
the initial business meeting of the Survivors Truth 
and Healing subcommittee is held under paragraph 
(1), the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 
shall meet at the call of the Chairperson. 
(3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A busi-
ness meeting of the Survivors Truth and Healing 
Subcommittee may be conducted in-person or vir-
tually. 
(4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee may 
be held only once a quorum, established in accordance 
with subsection (d), is present. 
(d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee present 
shall constitute a quorum for a business meeting. 
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(e) RULES.—The Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee, with the advice of the Commission, may estab-
lish, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct of busi-
ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 
law. 
(f) DUTIES.—The Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee shall assist the Commission, the Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, and the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee in coordinating 
public and private convenings, including— 
(1) providing advice to the Commission on devel-
oping criteria and protocols for convenings; 
(2) providing advice and evaluating Committee 
recommendations relating to the commemoration and 
public education relating to Indian Boarding Schools 
and Indian Boarding School Policies; and 
(3) providing such other advice as may be re-
quired by the Commission. 
(g) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE 
AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE 
OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Sur-
vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee under subsection 
(f), the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall 
meaningfully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a timely 
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manner with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, Tribal or-
ganizations, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native 
Hawaiian organizations. 
(h) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 
shall not apply to the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee. 
(i) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 
Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 
(1) any individual who is an employee of the 
Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall be 
considered a covered employee under the Act; and 
(2) the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee shall be considered an employing office 
under the Act. 
(j) PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 
(1) COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS.—A member of 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall 
be compensated at a daily equivalent of the annual 
rate of basic pay prescribed for grade 13 of the Gen-
eral Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United 
States Code, for each day, not to exceed 14 days per 
month, for which a member of the Survivors Truth 
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and Healing Subcommittee is engaged in the perform-
ance of their duties under this Act limited to con-
vening meetings, including public and private meet-
ings to receive testimony in furtherance of the duties 
of the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 
and the purposes of this Act. 
(2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Sur-
vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall be al-
lowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agen-
cies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, 
United States Code, while away from their homes or 
regular places of business in the performance of serv-
ices for the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee. 
TITLE II—ADVISORY 
COMMITTEES 
Subtitle A—Native American Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee 
SEC. 201. NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING ADVI-
SORY COMMITTEE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Commission shall establish 
an advisory committee, to be known as the ‘‘Native Amer-
ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee’’. 
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(b) MEMBERSHIP, NOMINATION, AND APPOINTMENT TO 
THE NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY 
COMMITTEE.— 
(1) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall in-
clude 19 members, to be appointed by the Com-
mission from among the nominees submitted 
under paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 
(i) 1 shall be the Vice Chairperson of 
the Commission, who shall serve as the 
Chairperson of the Native American Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee; 
(ii) 1 shall be the Vice Chairperson of 
the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub-
committee, who shall serve as the Vice 
Chairperson of the Native American Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee; 
(iii) 1 shall be the Secretary of the In-
terior, or a designee, who shall serve as the 
Secretary of the Native American Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee; 
(iv) 12 shall be representatives from 
each of the 12 regions of the Bureau of In-
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dian Affairs and 1 shall be a representative 
from Hawai’i; 
(v) 1 shall represent the National Na-
tive American Boarding School Healing Co-
alition; 
(vi) 1 shall represent the National As-
sociation of Tribal Historic Preservation 
Officers; and 
(vii) 1 shall represent the National In-
dian Education Association. 
(B) 
ADDITIONAL
REQUIREMENTS.—Not 
fewer than 2 members of the Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall 
have experience with health care or mental 
health, traditional healing or cultural practices, 
counseling, or working with survivors, or de-
scendants of survivors, of Indian Boarding 
Schools to ensure that the Commission considers 
culturally responsive support for survivors, fami-
lies, and communities. 
(2) NOMINATIONS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Indian Tribes, Tribal 
organizations, Native Americans, the Office of 
Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organi-
zations may submit to the Secretary of the Inte-
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rior nominations for individuals to be appointed 
to the Native American Truth and Healing Ad-
visory Committee not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(B) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary of the In-
terior shall provide the Commission with nomi-
nations submitted under subparagraph (A) at 
the initial business meeting of the Commission 
under section 101(c)(1) and the Commission 
shall select the members of the Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee from 
among those nominees. 
(3) DATE.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Commission shall 
appoint all members of the Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee during 
the initial business meeting of the Commission 
under section 101(c)(1). 
(B) FAILURE TO APPOINT.—If the Commis-
sion fails to appoint all members of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee in accordance with subparagraph (A), the 
Chair of the Committee on Indian Affairs of the 
Senate, with the concurrence of the Vice Chair of 
the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, 
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shall appoint, in accordance with the require-
ments of paragraph (1), individuals to all va-
cant positions of the Native American Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee not later than 30 
days after the date of the initial business meet-
ing of the Commission under section 101(c)(1). 
(4) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES.— 
(A) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—A member 
of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee shall be appointed for an auto-
matically renewable term of 2 years. 
(B) VACANCIES.—A vacancy in the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee— 
(i) shall not affect the powers of the 
Native American Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee if a simple majority of the 
positions of the Native American Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee are filled; and 
(ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 
the same manner as was the original ap-
pointment. 
(5) TERMINATION.—The Native American Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee shall terminate 90 
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days after the date on which the Commission submits 
the final report required under section 111(e)(3). 
(6) LIMITATION.—No member of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
(other than the member described in paragraph 
(1)(A)(iii)) shall be an officer or employee of the Fed-
eral Government. 
(c) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the appointed 
members of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee shall constitute a quorum. 
(d) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee may re-
move another member only for neglect of duty or malfea-
sance. 
(e) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 
(1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—Not later than 
30 days after the date on which all members of the 
Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee are appointed under subsection (b)(1)(A), the 
Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee shall hold an initial business meeting— 
(A) to establish rules for the Native Amer-
ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 
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(B) to appoint 3 designees to fulfill the re-
sponsibilities described in section 101(h)(1)(A); 
and 
(C) to appoint 2 members of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee to serve as non-voting designees on the 
Commission 
in 
accordance 
with 
section 
101(c)(3). 
(2) SUBSEQUENT
BUSINESS
MEETINGS.—After 
the initial business meeting of the Native American 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee is held under 
paragraph (1), the Native American Truth and Heal-
ing Advisory Committee shall meet at the call of the 
Chairperson. 
(3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A meet-
ing of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee may be conducted in-person or vir-
tually. 
(4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 
the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee may be held only once a quorum, estab-
lished in accordance with subsection (c), is present. 
(f) RULES.—The Native American Truth and Healing 
Advisory Committee may establish, with the advice of the 
Commission, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct 
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of business, in accordance with this section and other appli-
cable law. 
(g) DUTIES.—The Native American Truth and Heal-
ing Advisory Committee shall— 
(1) serve as an advisory body to the Commission; 
(2) assist the Commission in organizing and car-
rying out culturally appropriate public and private 
convenings relating to the duties of the Commission; 
(3) assist the Commission in determining what 
documentation from Federal and religious organiza-
tions and institutions may be necessary to fulfill the 
duties of the Commission; 
(4) assist the Commission in the production of 
the initial report and final report required under 
paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively, of section 
111(e); 
(5) coordinate with the Federal Truth and Heal-
ing Advisory Committee and the Survivors Truth and 
Healing Subcommittee; and 
(6) provide advice to, or fulfill such other re-
quests by, the Commission as the Commission may re-
quire to carry out the purposes described in section 
3. 
(h) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE 
AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE 
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OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee under 
subsection (g), the Native American Truth and Healing Ad-
visory Committee shall meaningfully consult or engage, as 
appropriate, in a timely manner with Native Americans, 
Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, the Office of Hawaiian 
Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organizations. 
(i) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 
shall not apply to the Native American Truth and Healing 
Advisory Committee. 
(j) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA-
BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 
Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 
(1) any individual who is an employee of the 
Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee shall be considered a covered employee under 
the Act; and 
(2) the Native American Truth and Healing Ad-
visory Committee shall be considered an employing 
office under the Act. 
(k) PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 
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(1) COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS.—A member of 
the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee shall be compensated at a daily equivalent 
of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for grade 
13 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 
5, United States Code, for each day, not to exceed 14 
days per month, for which a member is engaged in 
the performance of their duties under this Act, limited 
to convening meetings, including public and private 
meetings to receive testimony in furtherance of the 
duties of the Native American Truth and Healing Ad-
visory Committee and the purposes of this Act. 
(2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Native 
American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem 
in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for employ-
ees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of 
title 5, United States Code, while away from their 
homes or regular places of business in the perform-
ance of services for the Native American Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee. 
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Subtitle B—Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee 
SEC. 211. FEDERAL TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY COM-
MITTEE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within the 
Department of the Interior an advisory committee, to be 
known as the ‘‘Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee’’. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP AND APPOINTMENT TO THE FED-
ERAL TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 
(1) MEMBERSHIP.—The Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee shall include 17 mem-
bers, of whom— 
(A) 1 shall be the Chairperson of the Com-
mission, who shall serve as the Chairperson of 
the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee; 
(B) 1 shall be the Chairperson of the Sur-
vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee, who 
shall serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 
(C) 1 shall be the White House Domestic 
Policy Advisor, who shall serve as the Secretary 
of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee; 
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(D) 1 shall be the Director of the Bureau of 
Trust Funds Administration (or a designee); 
(E) 1 shall be the Archivist of the United 
States (or a designee); 
(F) 1 shall be the Librarian of Congress (or 
a designee); 
(G) 1 shall be the Director of the Depart-
ment of the Interior Library (or a designee); 
(H) 1 shall be the Director of the Indian 
Health Service (or a designee); 
(I) 1 shall be the Assistant Secretary for 
Mental Health and Substance Abuse of the De-
partment of Health and Human Services (or a 
designee); 
(J) 1 shall be the Commissioner of the Ad-
ministration for Native Americans of the De-
partment of Health and Human Services (or a 
designee); 
(K) 1 shall be the Director of the National 
Institutes of Health (or a designee); 
(L) 1 shall be the Senior Program Director 
of the Office of Native Hawaiian Relations of the 
Department of the Interior (or a designee); 
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(M) 1 shall be the Director of the Office of 
Indian Education of the Department of Edu-
cation (or a designee); 
(N) 1 shall be the Director of the Rural, In-
sular, and Native American Achievement Pro-
grams of the Department of Education (or a des-
ignee); 
(O) 1 shall be the Executive Director of the 
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (or a 
designee); 
(P) 1 shall be the Assistant Secretary of In-
dian Affairs (or a designee); and 
(Q) 1 shall be the Director of the Bureau of 
Indian Education (or a designee). 
(2) PERIOD
OF
SERVICE; 
VACANCIES; 
RE-
MOVAL.— 
(A) PERIOD OF SERVICE.—A member of the 
Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
shall serve for an automatically renewable term 
of 2 years. 
(B) VACANCIES.—A vacancy in the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee— 
(i) shall not affect the powers of the 
Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee if a simple majority of the positions 
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of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee are filled; and 
(ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 
the same manner as was the original ap-
pointment. 
(C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 
the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee may remove a member of the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee only for 
neglect of duty or malfeasance. 
(3) TERMINATION.—The Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee shall terminate 90 days 
after the date on which the Commission submits the 
final report required under section 111(e)(3). 
(c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 
(1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—Not later than 
30 days after the date of the initial business meeting 
of the Commission under section 101(c)(1), the Fed-
eral Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall 
hold an initial business meeting— 
(A) to establish rules for the Federal Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee; and 
(B) to appoint 2 members of the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee to serve 
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as non-voting designees on the Commission in 
accordance with section 101(c)(3). 
(2) SUBSEQUENT
BUSINESS
MEETINGS.—After 
the initial business meeting of the Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee is held under paragraph 
(1), the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com-
mittee shall meet at the call of the Chairperson. 
(3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A busi-
ness meeting of the Federal Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee may be conducted in-person or vir-
tually. 
(4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 
the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
may be held only once a quorum, established in ac-
cordance with subsection (d), is present. 
(d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 
the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee present 
shall constitute a quorum for a business meeting. 
(e) RULES.—The Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee may establish, with the advice of the Commis-
sion, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct of busi-
ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 
law. 
(f) DUTIES.—The Federal Truth and Healing Advi-
sory Committee shall— 
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(1) ensure the effective and timely coordination 
among Federal agencies in furtherance of the purposes 
of this Act; 
(2) assist the Commission and the Native Amer-
ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee in co-
ordinating— 
(A) meetings and other related public and 
private convenings; and 
(B) the collection, organization, and preser-
vation of information obtained from witnesses 
and by other Federal agencies; and 
(3) ensure the timely submission to the Commis-
sion of materials, documents, testimony, and such 
other information as the Commission determines to be 
necessary to carry out the duties of the Commission. 
(g) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE 
AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE 
OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Federal 
Truth and Healing Advisory Committee under subsection 
(f), the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 
shall meaningfully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a 
timely manner with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, 
Tribal organizations, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and 
Native Hawaiian organizations. 
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(h) NONDISCLOSURE.— 
(1) PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 APPLICABILITY.—Sub-
section (b) of section 552a of title 5, United States 
Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Privacy Act of 
1974’’), shall not apply to the Federal Truth and 
Healing Advisory Committee. 
(2) FREEDOM
OF
INFORMATION
ACT
APPLICA-
BILITY.—Records and other communications in the 
possession of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 
Committee shall be exempt from disclosure under sec-
tion (b)(3)(B) of section 552 of title 5, United States 
Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Freedom of Informa-
tion Act’’). 
(3) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLI-
CABILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code 
(commonly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Com-
mittee Act’’), shall not apply to the Federal Truth 
and Healing Advisory Committee. 
TITLE III—GENERAL 
PROVISIONS 
SEC. 301. CLARIFICATION. 
Any human remains or associated or unassociated fu-
nerary objects located on Federal land, on land managed 
by a Federal agency, or land otherwise curated by a Federal 
agency and relating to an Indian Boarding School shall 
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be considered collections or holdings over which a Federal 
agency has possession or control and the Native American 
Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001 
et seq.) shall apply. 
SEC. 302. BURIAL MANAGEMENT. 
A Federal agency that carries out activities pursuant 
to this Act or that created or controls a cemetery with re-
mains of an individual who attended an Indian Boarding 
School may rebury the remains of that individual and any 
associated funerary items that have been repatriated pursu-
ant to section 7 of the Native American Graves Protection 
and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3005), consistent with 
Tribal practices, on any Federal land as agreed to by the 
relevant parties. 
SEC. 303. CO-STEWARDSHIP AGREEMENTS. 
A Federal agency that carries out activities pursuant 
to this Act or that created or controls a cemetery with re-
mains of an individual who attended an Indian Boarding 
School or an Indian Boarding School may enter into a co- 
stewardship agreement for the management of the cemetery 
or Indian Boarding School. 
SEC. 304. NO RIGHT OF ACTION. 
Nothing in this Act creates a private right of action 
to seek administrative or judicial relief. 
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SEC. 305. SEVERABILITY. 
If any provision of this Act is held invalid, the remain-
der of this Act shall not be affected thereby. 
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Union Calendar No. 630 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 7227 
[Report No. 118–760, Part I] 
A BILL 
To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on 
Indian Boarding School Policies in the United 
States, and for other purposes. 
NOVEMBER 22, 2024 
Reported from the Committee on Education and the 
Workforce with an amendment 
NOVEMBER 22, 2024 
Committees on Natural Resources and Energy and Com-
merce discharged; committed to the Committee of the 
Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered 
to be printed 
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