I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1681 
To improve education for all students, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 19, 2005 
Mr. BUTTERFIELD (for himself, Mr. PAYNE, Ms. LEE, Mrs. JONES of Ohio, 
Mr. OWENS, Mr. RUSH, Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi, Mr. HOLDEN, Ms. 
NORTON, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. CLAY, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia, Mr. FORD, Mr. 
WEXLER, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. CARDOZA, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, 
Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. CLEAVER, and Mr. CLYBURN) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Edu-
cation and the Workforce, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and 
Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in 
each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdic-
tion of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To improve education for all students, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Quality Education for 
All Act’’. 
SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title. 
Sec. 2. Table of contents. 
TITLE I—STRENGTHENING HEAD START AND CHILD CARE 
PROGRAMS 
Subtitle A—Increasing Access to Head Start Programs 
Sec. 101. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 102. Strengthening Indian and migrant and seasonal Head Start pro-
grams. 
Sec. 103. Expanding Early Head Start programs. 
Sec. 104. Participation in Head Start programs. 
Subtitle B—Enhancing the School Readiness of Head Start Children 
Sec. 111. School readiness standards. 
Sec. 112. Staff. 
Subtitle C—Expanding Access to Quality, Affordable Child Care 
Sec. 121. Authorization of appropriations. 
Subtitle D—Strengthening the Quality of Child Care 
Sec. 131. State plan requirements relating to training. 
Sec. 132. Strengthening the quality of child care. 
TITLE II—PROVIDING SAFE, RELIABLE TRANSPORTATION FOR 
RURAL SCHOOL CHILDREN 
Sec. 201. Findings and purpose. 
Sec. 202. Definitions. 
Sec. 203. Grant program. 
Sec. 204. Authorization of appropriations. 
TITLE III—SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING FULLY FUNDING 
THE INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT BY 2011 
Sec. 301. Findings. 
Sec. 302. Sense of the Senate regarding authorization of appropriations. 
TITLE IV—IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY 
EDUCATION 
Subtitle A—Public School Choice, Supplemental Educational Services, and 
Teacher Quality 
Sec. 401. Public school choice capacity. 
Sec. 402. Supplemental educational services. 
Sec. 403. Qualifications for teachers and paraprofessionals. 
Subtitle B—Adequate Yearly Progress Determinations 
Sec. 421. Review of adequate yearly progress determinations for schools for the 
2002–2003 school year. 
Sec. 422. Review of adequate yearly progress determinations for local edu-
cational agencies for the 2002–2003 school year. 
Sec. 423. Definitions.
Subtitle C—Technical Assistance 
Sec. 451. Technical assistance. 
TITLE V—IMPROVING ASSESSMENT AND ACCOUNTABILITY 
Sec. 501. Grants for increasing data capacity for purposes of assessment and 
accountability. 
Sec. 502. Grants for assessment of children with disabilities and children who 
are limited English proficient. 
Sec. 503. Reports on student enrollment and graduation rates. 
Sec. 504. Civil rights. 
TITLE VI—SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING FUNDING FOR 
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 
Sec. 601. Sense of the Senate. 
TITLE VII—PROVIDING A ROADMAP FOR FIRST GENERATION 
COLLEGE FOR STUDENTS 
Sec. 701. Expansion of TRIO and GEARUP. 
TITLE VIII—COLLEGE TUITION RELIEF FOR STUDENTS AND 
THEIR FAMILIES THROUGH PELL GRANTS 
Sec. 801. Pell Grants tax tables hold harmless. 
Sec. 802. Sense of the Senate regarding increasing the maximum Pell Grant. 
Sec. 803. Establishment of a Pell demonstration program. 
TITLE IX—TUITION FREE COLLEGE FOR MATHEMATICS, 
SCIENCE, AND SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS 
Sec. 901. Purpose. 
Sec. 902. Tuition free college for mathematics, science, and special education 
teachers. 
Sec. 903. Offset for tuition free college for mathematics, science, and special 
education teachers. 
TITLE X—MAKING COLLEGE AFFORDABLE FOR ALL STUDENTS 
Sec. 1001. Expansion of deduction for higher education expenses. 
Sec. 1002. Credit for interest on higher education loans. 
Sec. 1003. Hope and Lifetime Learning credits to be refundable.
TITLE I—STRENGTHENING HEAD 
START AND CHILD CARE PRO-
GRAMS 
Subtitle A—Increasing Access to 
Head Start Programs 
SEC. 101. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 639(a) of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
9834(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘such sums’’ and all that 
follows and inserting the following: ‘‘$8,570,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2006, $10,445,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, 
$12,384,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, $14,334,000,000 
for fiscal year 2009, and $16,332,000,000 for fiscal year 
2010.’’. 
SEC. 102. STRENGTHENING INDIAN AND MIGRANT AND 
SEASONAL HEAD START PROGRAMS. 
Section 640(a)(2) of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
9835(a)(2)) is amended by striking subparagraph (A) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) Indian Head Start programs, services for 
children with disabilities, and migrant and seasonal 
Head Start programs, except that the Secretary 
shall reserve for each fiscal year for use by Indian 
Head Start and migrant and seasonal Head Start 
programs (referred to in this subparagraph as ‘cov-
ered programs’), on a nationwide basis, a sum that
is the total of not less than 4 percent of the amount 
appropriated under section 639(a) for that fiscal 
year (for Indian Head Start programs), and not less 
than 5 percent of that appropriated amount (for mi-
grant and seasonal Head Start programs), except 
that— 
‘‘(i) if reserving the specified percentages 
for covered programs and would reduce the 
number of children served by Head Start pro-
grams, relative to the number of children served 
on the date of enactment of the Quality Edu-
cation for All Act, taking into consideration an 
appropriate adjustment for inflation, the Sec-
retary shall reserve percentages that approach, 
as closely as practicable, the specified percent-
ages and that do not cause such a reduction; 
and 
‘‘(ii) notwithstanding any other provision 
of this subparagraph, the Secretary shall re-
serve for each fiscal year for use by Indian 
Head Start programs and by migrant and sea-
sonal Head Start programs, on a nationwide 
basis, not less than the amount that was obli-
gated for use by Indian Head Start programs 
and by migrant and seasonal Head Start pro-
grams, respectively, for the previous fiscal 
year;’’. 
SEC. 103. EXPANDING EARLY HEAD START PROGRAMS. 
Section 640(a)(6) of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
9835(a)(6)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘7.5 per-
cent for fiscal year 1999’’ and all that follows and 
inserting ‘‘12 percent for fiscal year 2006, 14 per-
cent for fiscal year 2007, 16 percent for fiscal year 
2008, 18 percent for fiscal year 2009, and 20 per-
cent for fiscal year 2010, of the amount appro-
priated pursuant to section 639(a).’’; 
(2) by striking subparagraph (B); and 
(3) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as sub-
paragraph (B). 
SEC. 104. PARTICIPATION IN HEAD START PROGRAMS. 
Section 645 of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9840) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1)(A), by inserting ‘‘130 
percent of’’ after ‘‘below’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(e) After demonstrating a need through a commu-
nity needs assessment, a Head Start agency may apply 
to the Secretary to convert part-day sessions, particularly 
consecutive part-day sessions, into full-day sessions.’’.
Subtitle B—Enhancing the School 
Readiness of Head Start Children 
SEC. 111. SCHOOL READINESS STANDARDS. 
Section 641A(a)(1)(B)(ii) of the Head Start Act (42 
U.S.C. 9836(a)(1)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking ‘‘at a 
minimum’’ and all that follows and inserting the following: 
‘‘at a minimum, develop and demonstrate— 
‘‘(I) language skills, including an ex-
panded use of vocabulary; 
‘‘(II) interest in and appreciation of 
books, reading, and writing (either alone or 
with others), phonological and phonemic 
awareness, and varied modes of expression 
and communication; 
‘‘(III) premathematics knowledge and 
skills, including knowledge and skills relat-
ing to aspects of classification, seriation, 
numbers, spatial relations, and time; 
‘‘(IV) cognitive abilities related to aca-
demic achievement; 
‘‘(V) abilities related to social and 
emotional development; 
‘‘(VI) gross and fine motor skills; and 
‘‘(VII) in the case of children with 
limited English proficiency, abilities related
to progress toward acquisition of the 
English language.’’. 
SEC. 112. STAFF. 
(a) STAFF QUALIFICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT.— 
Section 648A of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9843a) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A)— 
(i) in the matter preceding clause (i), 
by striking ‘‘not later than September 30, 
2003’’ and all that follows through ‘‘pro-
grams have’’ and inserting ‘‘not later than 
the date determined under subparagraph 
(D) for a Head Start region, each Head 
Start agency in the region with a center- 
based program shall ensure that all class-
rooms in the program have at least 1 
teacher who has’’; 
(ii) in clause (i), strike ‘‘an associate, 
baccalaureate,’’ and insert ‘‘a bacca-
laureate’’; and 
(iii) in clause (ii), strike ‘‘an asso-
ciate, baccalaureate,’’ and insert ‘‘a bacca-
laureate’’; and
(B) by striking subparagraph (B) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(B) TEMPORARY
REQUIREMENT.—Until 
the date determined under subparagraph (D) 
for a Head Start region, the Secretary shall en-
sure that at least 50 percent of all Head Start 
teachers in the region in center-based programs 
have— 
‘‘(i) an associate, baccalaureate, or 
advanced degree in early childhood edu-
cation; or 
‘‘(ii) an associate, baccalaureate, or 
advanced degree in a field related to early 
childhood education, with experience in 
teaching preschool children. 
‘‘(C) REQUIREMENT
FOR
NEW
HEAD 
START
TEACHERS.—Not later than 3 years 
after the date of enactment of the Quality Edu-
cation for All Act, the Secretary shall require 
that all teachers hired nationwide in center- 
based programs of Head Start agencies fol-
lowing the date of the requirement— 
‘‘(i) have an associate, baccalaureate, 
or advanced degree in early childhood edu-
cation;
‘‘(ii) have an associate, baccalaureate, 
or advanced degree in a field related to 
early childhood education, with experience 
in teaching preschool children; or 
‘‘(iii) be enrolled, or enroll not later 
than 1 year after the date of hire, in a pro-
gram of study leading to an associate de-
gree in early childhood education. 
‘‘(D) APPROPRIATE DATE.—The Secretary 
shall determine an appropriate date for Head 
Start agencies in each Head Start region to 
reach the result described in subparagraph (A), 
but in no case shall such a date be later than 
8 years after the date of enactment of Quality 
Education for All Act. 
‘‘(E) PROGRESS.— 
‘‘(i) REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary 
shall require Head Start agencies with cen-
ter-based programs to demonstrate con-
tinuing and consistent progress each year 
to reach the results described in subpara-
graphs (A) and (C). 
‘‘(ii) PLAN.—Each State shall estab-
lish a plan for the Head Start agencies 
with center-based programs in the State to
reach the results described in subpara-
graphs (A) and (C). 
‘‘(iii) PROGRESS.—Each Head Start 
agency shall prepare and submit to the 
Secretary and the Governor of the State a 
report indicating the number and percent-
age of its teachers in center-based pro-
grams with child development associate 
credentials or associate, baccalaureate, or 
advanced degrees in early childhood edu-
cation or a field related to early childhood 
education. The Secretary shall compile all 
such reports and submit a summary of the 
compiled reports to the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
the Senate and the Committee on Edu-
cation and the Workforce of the House of 
Representatives.’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ‘‘(2)(A)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘(2)(B)’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) PRE-LITERACY AND LANGUAGE TRAINING.—To 
support local efforts to enhance early language and pre- 
literacy development of children in Head Start programs, 
and to provide the children with high-quality oral language
skills and environments that are rich in literature, in 
which to acquire early language and pre-literacy skills, 
each Head Start agency shall ensure that all of the agen-
cy’s Head Start teachers receive ongoing training in lan-
guage and emergent literacy. Such training shall also in-
clude information regarding appropriate curricula and as-
sessments to improve instruction and learning. Such train-
ing shall include training in methods to promote phono-
logical and phonemic awareness and vocabulary develop-
ment in an age-appropriate and culturally and linguis-
tically appropriate manner. 
‘‘(g) PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS.—Each 
Head Start agency and center shall create, in consultation 
with employees of the agency or center (including family 
service workers), a professional development plan for em-
ployees who provide direct services to children, including 
a plan for teachers, to meet the requirements set forth 
in subsection (a).’’. 
(b) ATTRACTING
AND RETAINING HIGH-QUALITY 
HEAD START TEACHERS; TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVER-
SITY-HEAD START PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM.— 
(1) PROGRAM.—The Head Start Act is amend-
ed by inserting after section 648A (42 U.S.C. 
9843a) the following:
‘‘SEC. 648B. ATTRACTING AND RETAINING HIGH-QUALITY 
HEAD START TEACHERS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall make grants 
to eligible Head Start agencies to enable the agencies to 
reach the results described in subparagraphs (A) and (C) 
of section 648A(a)(2). The Secretary shall make the 
grants from allotments determined under subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) ALLOTMENTS.—From the funds made available 
under section 639(c) for a fiscal year and not reserved 
under subsection (d), the Secretary shall allot to each 
Head Start agency an amount that bears the same rela-
tionship to such funds as the amount received by the agen-
cy under section 640 for that fiscal year bears to the 
amount received by all Head Start agencies under section 
640 for that fiscal year. 
‘‘(c) SALARY PLAN.—A Head Start agency that re-
ceives a grant under this section shall develop and carry 
out a plan to raise the average salaries of teachers in the 
agency’s Head Start programs. In developing the plan, the 
agency shall take into consideration the training, level of 
education, and experience of the teachers, and the average 
salaries of prekindergarten and kindergarten teachers em-
ployed by the local educational agency for the school dis-
trict in which the Head Start agency is located, with simi-
lar training, level of education, and experience.
‘‘(d) SALARIES
IN HIGH-COST AREAS.—The Sec-
retary may reserve and use a portion of the funds available 
under section 639(c) to assist Head Start agencies located 
in high-cost areas to help reduce the discrepancy between 
such average salaries of such teachers and such average 
salaries of such prekindergarten and kindergarten teach-
ers. 
‘‘SEC. 648C. TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY-HEAD START 
PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY-HEAD START 
PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) GRANTS.—The Secretary is authorized to 
award grants, of not less than 5 years duration, to 
Tribal Colleges and Universities to— 
‘‘(A) implement education programs that 
include tribal culture and language and increase 
the number of associate, baccalaureate, and 
graduate degrees in early childhood education 
and related fields that are earned by Indian 
Head Start agency staff members, parents of 
children served by such an agency, and mem-
bers of the tribal community involved; 
‘‘(B) develop and implement the programs 
under subparagraph (A) in technology-mediated 
formats; and
‘‘(C) provide technology literacy programs 
for Indian Head Start agency staff members 
and children and families of children served by 
such an agency. 
‘‘(2) STAFFING.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that the American Indian Programs Branch of the 
Head Start Bureau of the Department of Health 
and Human Services shall have staffing sufficient to 
administer the programs under this section and to 
provide appropriate technical assistance to Tribal 
Colleges and Universities receiving grants under this 
section. 
‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—Each Tribal College or Univer-
sity desiring a grant under this section shall submit an 
application to the Secretary, at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Secretary may re-
quire, including a certification that the Tribal College or 
University has established a partnership with 1 or more 
Indian Head Start agencies for the purpose of conducting 
the activities described in subsection (a). 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.— 
The term ‘institution of higher education’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 101(a) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
‘‘(2) TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY.—The 
term ‘Tribal College or University’ means an institu-
tion— 
‘‘(A) defined by such term in section 
316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)); and 
‘‘(B) determined to be accredited or a can-
didate for accreditation by a nationally recog-
nized accrediting agency or association. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, 
$10,000,000 for fiscal year 2006 and such sums as may 
be necessary for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2010.’’. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
Section 639 of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9834) 
is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘(other 
than section 648B)’’ after ‘‘this subchapter’’; 
and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry 
out section 648B $387,000,000 for fiscal year 2006, 
$496,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, $608,000,000 for fis-
cal year 2008, $723,000,000 for fiscal year 2009, and 
$841,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.’’.
(3) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 640 
of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9835) is amend-
ed— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
(i) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 639’’ and inserting ‘‘section 639(a)’’; 
(ii) in paragraph (2)— 
(I) in the matter preceding sub-
paragraph (A), by inserting ‘‘pursuant 
to section 639(a)’’ after ‘‘appro-
priated’’; 
(II) in subparagraph (B), in the 
matter following clause (ii), by insert-
ing ‘‘pursuant to section 639(a)’’ after 
‘‘appropriated’’; and 
(III) in subparagraph (C), by in-
serting ‘‘pursuant to section 639(a)’’ 
after ‘‘appropriated’’ each place it ap-
pears; and 
(iii) in paragraph (4), in the matter 
preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘pursuant to section 639(a)’’ after ‘‘appro-
priated’’; and
(B) in subsection (g)(1), by inserting ‘‘pur-
suant to section 639(a)’’ after ‘‘appropriated’’ 
each place it appears. 
Subtitle C—Expanding Access to 
Quality, Affordable Child Care 
SEC. 121. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 658B of the Child Care and Development 
Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘is’’ and inserting ‘‘are’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘subchapter’’ and all that fol-
lows and inserting ‘‘subchapter $3,100,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2006, $4,100,000,000 for fiscal year 
2007, 
$5,100,000,000 
for 
fiscal 
year 
2008, 
$6,100,000,000 
for 
fiscal 
year 
2009, 
and 
$7,100,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.’’. 
Subtitle D—Strengthening the 
Quality of Child Care 
SEC. 131. STATE PLAN REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO 
TRAINING. 
Section 658E(c) of the Child Care and Development 
Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858c(c)) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) TRAINING
IN
EARLY
LEARNING
AND 
CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT.—The State plan shall 
describe any training requirements that are in effect