eligible countries to carry out the purposes 
of this Act; and 
(ii) providing equipment, training, and 
professional skills development. 
(3) NONPROLIFERATION OF WMD PROGRAMS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Conduct research and 
training programs that— 
(i) engage scientists and engineers 
who might otherwise be exploited to par-
ticipate in illicit nuclear programs; 
(ii) help prevent nuclear and WMD 
proliferation; 
(iii) encourage foreign scientists and 
engineers, in collaboration with United 
States partners, to develop technologies 
and methods to combat WMD terrorism; 
or 
(iv) provide training in safe laboratory 
practices and conditions for civilian re-
searchers working with potentially dan-
gerous pathogens and chemicals to ensure 
that such pathogens and chemicals do not 
fall into the hands of terrorists or rogue 
states, that such practices are fostering 
safe working conditions for civilian re-
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searchers, and that the potential is strictly 
minimized for accidental release into local 
populations of such pathogens and chemi-
cals. 
(B) ACTIVITIES.—Such research and train-
ing programs may include— 
(i) collaborative research competitions 
that would provide research grants to for-
eign scientists and engineers with WMD 
experience or who could be targeted to par-
ticipate in a WMD or nuclear weapons 
program, and United States scientists and 
engineers; 
(ii) research and training programs 
for personnel of eligible countries who will 
be implementing nuclear cooperation agree-
ments with the United States or otherwise 
participating in nuclear programs; and 
(iii) training programs in safe labora-
tory practices and conditions for civilian 
researchers working with potentially dan-
gerous pathogens and chemicals. 
(4) GLOBAL VIRTUAL SCIENCE LIBRARY.—To 
make grants to organizations that provide online ac-
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cess at little or no cost for scientists and engineers 
in eligible countries to worldwide science journals. 
(c) CERTAIN REQUIREMENTS.—Grants awarded pur-
suant to subsection (b) (except for grants awarded pursu-
ant to paragraph (3) of such subsection) shall be competi-
tive, peer-reviewed, and merit-based. 
(d) ADDITIONAL FUNDING.—In applying for a grant, 
an organization shall demonstrate how it will seek, to the 
maximum extent possible, additional funding from partner 
organizations, foreign governments, private businesses, 
and other entities, ideally to the level of a full match. 
SEC. 5. MANAGEMENT. 
(a) POLICY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State is 
authorized to promulgate guidelines for review of 
grant applications to the Program. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—Guidelines promulgated 
under this subsection shall address, at a minimum, 
the following: 
(A) Criteria by which grants shall be se-
lected, including a description of diplomatic ob-
jectives of the Program. 
(B) Policies to ensure that grants are in 
furtherance of United States diplomatic objec-
tives. 
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(C) The countries and regions to partici-
pate in the Program. 
(b) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
(1) SECRETARY OF STATE.—The Secretary of 
State is authorized to— 
(A) subject to the guidelines promulgated 
pursuant to subsection (a) and based on the 
recommendations forwarded to the Secretary of 
State by the Director of the National Science 
Foundation pursuant to paragraph (2)(C), 
make final determinations on the award of 
grants; 
(B) administer grants on behalf of the 
Program to foreign organizations collaborating 
with organizations domiciled in the United 
States in accordance with the terms of this Act; 
(C) coordinate with the Director of the Of-
fice of Science and Technology Policy and the 
Director of the National Science Foundation to 
administer and implement the Program, in ac-
cordance with the guidelines promulgated pur-
suant to subsection (a); and 
(D) develop, review, make final determina-
tions, award, and administer grants for Pro-
gram activities to carry out section 4(b)(3), 
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which may be implemented through existing re-
sources, mechanisms, and awards of the De-
partment of State’s Global Threat Reduction 
Program. 
(2) DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDA-
TION.—The Director of the National Science Foun-
dation, in accordance with the memorandum of un-
derstanding required under subsection (c), is author-
ized to perform the following activities for the Pro-
gram (except for activities to carry out section 
4(b)(3)): 
(A) Develop and issue solicitations for 
projects described in paragraphs (1), (2), and 
(4) of section 4(b), or coordinate with other 
Federal science agencies to develop and issue 
such solicitations, as appropriate. 
(B) Establish peer review panels comprised 
of individuals with demonstrated experience in 
relevant fields to— 
(i) review, based on scientific merit, 
proposals for grants; and 
(ii) provide recommendations regard-
ing evaluation of such proposals. 
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(C) Make recommendations to the Sec-
retary of State for grants based on the peer re-
view recommendations. 
(D) Administer grants on behalf of the 
Program to organizations domiciled in the 
United States that are collaborating with for-
eign organizations in accordance with the terms 
of this Act. 
(c) AGREEMENT REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of State shall enter into a memorandum of under-
standing with the Director of the National Science Foun-
dation to coordinate activities carried out pursuant to this 
Act. 
(d) ACCEPTANCE
OF
FUNDS
FROM
OUTSIDE 
SOURCES.—The Program may accept funds from outside 
sources, including foreign governments, nongovernmental 
organizations, and private business entities. 
(e) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this Act 
may be construed to make any grant recipient an agent 
or establishment of the United States Government. 
(f) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than November 30 
of each year, the President shall transmit to Con-
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gress a report relating to the Program for the pre-
ceding fiscal year. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The report required under 
paragraph (1) shall include the following informa-
tion: 
(A) A report on operations, activities, and 
accomplishments under the Program, including, 
if appropriate, a classified annex. 
(B) All expenditures of funds from the 
Program. 
(C) A report on metrics used to gauge suc-
cess of the Program. 
(g) 
ASSISTANCE
OTHERWISE
PROHIBITED
BY 
LAW.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State may 
not use the authorities provided in this Act to pro-
vide any type of assistance, make any grants, or 
carry out any activities described in section 4 that 
are otherwise prohibited by any provision of law. 
(2) ACTIVITIES RELATING TO CHINA.—Any ac-
tivity undertaken pursuant to this section with the 
Government of China or a nongovernmental entity in 
China may not involve a transfer of items on the 
United States Munitions List (established by the 
President under section 38(a)(1) of the Arms Ex-
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port Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778(a)(1)) or Com-
merce Control List (maintained under part 774 of 
title 15, Code of Federal Regulations). 
SEC. 6. FUNDING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated such sums as may be necessary to carry out sec-
tions 4 and 5. 
(b) ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization for appropriations 
under subsection (a)— 
(1) may be referred to as the ‘‘Global Science 
Program for Security, Competitiveness, and Diplo-
macy’’; and 
(2) may remain available until expended. 
(c) TRANSFER AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of State 
may transfer funds authorized to be appropriated pursu-
ant to this section to other Federal agencies, including the 
National Science Foundation, for the purposes of admin-
istering the Program. The Director of the National 
Science Foundation (NSF) may transfer funds trans-
ferred to the NSF, as appropriate, to other Federal 
science agencies for the purpose of implementing the Pro-
gram. 
(d) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Program may be used for a Con-
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gressional earmark as defined in clause 9(d) of rule XXI 
of the Rules of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 7. ADVISORY PANEL ON INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC 
COOPERATION. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) an advisory panel will assist the Secretary 
of State in maximizing the impact of the Program, 
including forging links between the global science 
and business community and United States sci-
entists; and 
(2) individuals with international business and 
science expertise who are not employees of the 
United States Government could bring invaluable 
perspectives to the Program. 
(b) PANEL ESTABLISHMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State may 
establish a panel to be known as the ‘‘Advisory 
Panel on International Scientific Cooperation’’ to fa-
cilitate implementation of the Program. 
(2) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Advisory Panel 
should provide advice and guidance to the Secretary 
of State on the policy and implementation of pro-
grams and projects of the Program. 
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(3) MEMBERSHIP.—If the Secretary of State 
establishes the Advisory Panel, members of the Ad-
visory Panel shall be drawn from— 
(A) individuals with experience and leader-
ship in the fields of science, international busi-
ness, and engineering; and 
(B) individuals with experience and leader-
ship in nongovernmental entities, including uni-
versities, that implement science research pro-
grams. 
(4) COMPENSATION.—No member of the Advi-
sory Panel may receive compensation for services 
performed as a member of the Panel. 
SEC. 8. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the Office of the Science and Technology 
Advisor of the Department of State should be fur-
ther integrated into the overall activities of the De-
partment of State, including greater involvement in 
the activities of regional bureaus; and 
(2) science is a critical, underutilized resource 
for United States diplomacy, and that the activities 
of bureaus with oversight over science programs 
within the Department should be integrated. 
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SEC. 9. EMBASSY SCIENCE FELLOWS PROGRAM. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) scientific fellows at the Department of State 
critically augment the capacity of the Department 
and United States embassies to address science and 
technology issues; 
(2) Federal agencies are reluctant to pay the 
costs of scientists detailed to serve in United States 
embassies; and 
(3) expanding existing fellowship programs will 
meet the Department’s needs to enhance the role of 
science at United States embassies. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION.—The Secretary of State is au-
thorized to establish a program to be known as the ‘‘Em-
bassy Science Fellows Program’’ to serve the following 
purposes: 
(1) Pay for the costs of scientists employed at 
Federal agencies to serve in the Department of 
State. 
(2) Enhance the role scientists play in strength-
ening United States diplomatic efforts. 
(3) Ensure the placement of scientists at 
United States embassies. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From 
amounts made available to the Diplomatic and Consular 
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