I 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3995 
To direct the Secretary of Energy to submit to Congress a report on the 
global nuclear leadership of the United States. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 17, 2021 
Mr. GONZALEZ of Ohio (for himself and Mrs. LURIA) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in ad-
dition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee con-
cerned 
A BILL 
To direct the Secretary of Energy to submit to Congress 
a report on the global nuclear leadership of the United 
States. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Twenty-First Century 
Nuclear Security Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. REPORT ON GLOBAL NUCLEAR LEADERSHIP OF 
THE UNITED STATES. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the 
Secretary of Defense, the Chairman of the Nuclear Regu-
latory Commission, and the Secretary of Commerce, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port analyzing— 
(1) the opportunities for advancing the interests 
of the United States with respect to global nuclear 
safety, nuclear security, and nuclear nonprolifera-
tion; and 
(2) the risks to such interests of the United 
States, and the risks to wider foreign policy influ-
ence by the United States, posed by the dominance 
of Russia in the global nuclear energy market and 
the increasing supply by China to such market. 
(b) MATTERS INCLUDED.—The report under sub-
section (a) shall include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the historical role of civil 
nuclear cooperation agreements and supply arrange-
ments made pursuant to the Atomic Energy Act of 
1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) in influencing the 
policies and practices of foreign governments con-
cerning nuclear safety, nuclear security, and nuclear 
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nonproliferation, and the wider foreign policy inter-
ests, including— 
(A) a description of possible opportunities 
for using nuclear cooperation agreements and 
related exports to improve nuclear safety, nu-
clear security, and nuclear nonproliferation, and 
the foreign policy interests of the United States; 
(B) a description of potential risks associ-
ated with such agreements and nuclear exports; 
and 
(C) a description of the potential market 
for small and advanced reactor technologies. 
(2) An assessment of the competitiveness of the 
United States against Russia and China in the glob-
al nuclear energy market, including— 
(A) a comparison of nuclear reactor re-
search and design by Russia and China with 
analogous research and design by the United 
States; 
(B) a comparison of the ability of Russia 
and China to produce and export nuclear tech-
nology with analogous abilities of the United 
States; 
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(C) a description of the factors enabling 
progress made by Russia and China regarding 
civil nuclear technology; 
(D) a comparison of the export policies of 
the United States with regard to civil nuclear 
technology, including the role, if any, of finan-
cial support, with such policies of Russia and 
China; 
(E) a list of specific reactor designs, in-
cluding fuel characteristics, that Russia and 
China have offered for export; and 
(F) details of any agreements made by 
Russia or China for exporting nuclear tech-
nology, including the duration, purchase price, 
potential profitability, any provisions regarding 
spent fuel take back, related regulatory support, 
and any other elements that compromise a com-
petitive offer. 
(3) An assessment, if applicable, of the means 
by which Russia or China uses foreign-origin dual- 
use nuclear technology for military purposes. 
(4) Recommendations for regulatory or legisla-
tive actions for developing a robust free-enterprise 
response designed to improve the competitiveness of 
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the United States in the global nuclear energy mar-
ket. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees (as 
defined in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United 
States Code); 
(2) the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; 
and 
(3) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House 
of Representatives. 
Æ 
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