200 
(1) Global measurements, establishing world-
wide to regional scale observations prioritized to un-
derstand global change and to meet the information 
needs of decisionmakers on all relevant spatial and 
time scales. 
(2) Information on economic, demographic, and 
technological trends that contribute to changes in 
the Earth system and that influence society’s vulner-
ability to global and regional climate change. 
(3) Development of indicators and baseline 
databases to document global change, including 
changes in species distribution and behavior, extent 
of glaciations, and changes in sea level. 
(4) Studies of historical changes in the Earth 
system, using evidence from the geological and fossil 
record. 
(5) Assessments of predictability using quan-
titative models of the Earth system to simulate glob-
al and regional environmental processes and trends. 
(6) Focused research initiatives to understand 
the nature of and interaction among physical, chem-
ical, biological, land use, and social processes related 
to global and regional climate change. 
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(7) Focused research initiatives to determine 
and then meet the information needs of appropriate 
Federal, State, and regional decisionmakers. 
(d) INFORMATION MANAGEMENT.—The Plan shall 
incorporate, to the extent practicable, the recommenda-
tions relating to data acquisition, management, integra-
tion, and archiving made by the interagency climate and 
other global change data management working group es-
tablished under section 4633. 
(e) NATIONAL ACADEMY
OF SCIENCES EVALUA-
TION.—The President shall enter into an agreement with 
the National Academy of Sciences under which the Acad-
emy shall— 
(1) evaluate the scientific content of the Plan; 
and 
(2) recommend priorities for future global and 
regional climate change research and assessment. 
(f) NATIONAL GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION EVALUA-
TION.—The President shall enter into an agreement with 
the National Governors Association Center for Best Prac-
tices under which that Center shall— 
(1) evaluate the utility to State, local, and re-
gional decisionmakers of each Plan and of the antici-
pated and actual information outputs of the Pro-
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gram for development of State, local, and regional 
policies to reduce vulnerability to global change; and 
(2) recommend priorities for future global and 
regional climate change research and assessment. 
(g) PUBLIC
PARTICIPATION.—In developing the 
Plan, the President shall consult with representatives of 
academic, State, industry, and environmental groups. Not 
later than 90 days before the President submits the Plan, 
or any revision thereof, to the Congress, a summary of 
the proposed Plan shall be published in the Federal Reg-
ister for a public comment period of not less than 60 days. 
SEC. 4616. BUDGET COORDINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall provide gen-
eral guidance to each Federal agency participating in the 
Program with respect to the preparation of requests for 
appropriations for activities related to the Program. 
(b) CONSIDERATION IN PRESIDENT’S BUDGET.—The 
President shall submit, at the time of his annual budget 
request to Congress, a description of those items in each 
agency’s annual budget which are elements of the Pro-
gram. 
SEC. 4617. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Within 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and at least once every 5 years 
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thereafter, the President shall submit to the Congress an 
assessment which— 
(1) integrates, evaluates, and interprets the 
findings of the Program and discusses the scientific 
uncertainties associated with such findings; 
(2) analyzes current trends in global change, 
both human-induced and natural, and projects major 
trends for the subsequent 25 to 100 years; 
(3) based on indicators and baselines developed 
under section 4615(c)(3), as well as other measure-
ments, analyzes changes to the natural environment, 
land and water resources, and biological diversity 
in— 
(A) major geographic regions of the United 
States; and 
(B) other continents; 
(4) analyzes the effects of global change, includ-
ing the changes described in paragraph (3), on food 
and fiber production, energy production and use, 
transportation, human health and welfare, water 
availability and coastal infrastructure, and human 
social and economic systems, including providing in-
formation about the differential impacts on specific 
geographic regions within the United States, on peo-
ple of different income levels within those regions, 
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