cast analysis and related methodologies as the Ad-
ministrator considers appropriate. 
(2) BEST
PRACTICES.—In carrying out this 
subsection, the Administrator may develop and dis-
seminate best practices in collaboration with the fol-
lowing: 
(A) The National Institute for Standards 
and Technology. 
(B) The National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration. 
(C) The National Science Foundation. 
(D) The Department of Energy. 
(E) Academic and research institutions. 
(F) The private sector. 
(3) REPORT ON USE OF ANALYSIS TO IMPROVE 
MODELS.—Not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives a report on the feasibility of using 
reforecast analysis techniques to improve seasonal 
and subseasonal models. 
(c) WEATHER FORECAST OFFICES.—In carrying out 
this section, the Administrator shall provide technical as-
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sistance, best practices, and support required under sub-
section (a) through weather forecast offices of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
(d) INDEPENDENT STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF ARTI-
FICIAL INTELLIGENCE WEATHER, WATER, CLIMATE, AND 
SPACE WEATHER MODELS.—The Administrator may 
enter into an agreement with the National Academy of 
Sciences or any other entity determined appropriate by the 
Administrator to assess the impacts of artificial intel-
ligence weather models on the weather enterprise and 
make recommendations to improve the integration of such 
models in operational forecasting. 
SEC. 6. FIRE ENVIRONMENT MODELING PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in 
coordination with the Secretary of the Interior, the Sec-
retary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of Homeland Se-
curity, and in consultation with the Administrator of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Sec-
retary of Energy, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation, any appropriate Federal Advisory Commit-
tees, and such other technical experts as the Adminis-
trator considers appropriate, shall develop a program to 
use artificial intelligence to analyze available observational 
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data and synthetic data on the built and natural environ-
ments in order to carry out the following: 
(1) Warn at-risk communities, firefighters, and 
other responders, including by integrating social 
science informed research and development. 
(2) Predict and detect wildfires to the max-
imum extent practicable. 
(3) Forecast wildland and built environment 
fire propagation and potential impacts based on an 
analysis of the elements influencing fire behavior, 
weather conditions, terrain, and observations of the 
fire environment. 
(4) Detect, monitor, and forecast smoke and 
other hazards associated with wildfires. 
(b) TRAINING DATASET.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Administrator may acquire observational data 
and synthetic data on the built and natural environments 
collected across the United States to develop and curate 
a related artificial intelligence-ready training dataset for 
purposes of training the artificial intelligence used in fur-
therance of this section. 
(c) DATA ACQUISITION.—In carrying out this section, 
the Administrator may enter into contracts to acquire rel-
evant data referred to in this section. 
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(d) WEATHER INTEGRATION.—In carrying out this 
section, the Administrator shall integrate outputs from 
weather and other environmental models and observational 
data and synthetic data referred to in subsection (a). 
(e) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT.—The Administrator 
shall develop and disseminate best practices to minimize 
environmental impacts from the use of artificial intel-
ligence to carry out this section. 
SEC. 7. EMISSIONS MONITORING AND ANALYSIS PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in 
consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency, the Administrator of the National Aer-
onautics and Space Administration, the Secretary of En-
ergy, the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
any appropriate Federal Advisory Committees, and such 
other technical experts as the Administrator considers ap-
propriate, shall develop a program to use artificial intel-
ligence to analyze global atmospheric observations in order 
to carry out the following: 
(1) Improve atmospheric transport, dispersion, 
and atmospheric chemistry models. 
(2) Improve prediction and modeling of green-
house gas emissions from data collected through the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s 
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Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network, the En-
vironmental Protection Agency’s Greenhouse Gas In-
ventory, and other voluntary reporting datasets. 
(3) Detect, monitor, and forecast emissions 
from wildfires and other natural disasters. 
(4) Identify significant changes in global emis-
sions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. 
(5) Improve data assimilation techniques. 
(b) TRAINING DATASET.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Administrator may acquire observational data 
and synthetic data on the atmosphere and its chemical 
components to develop, curate, and regularly update a 
global atmospheric chemistry training dataset for pur-
poses of training artificial intelligence used in furtherance 
of this section. 
(d) DATA ACQUISITION.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Administrator may enter into contracts to ac-
quire relevant data referred to in this section. 
(c) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT.—The Administrator 
shall develop and disseminate best practices to minimize 
environmental impacts from the use of artificial intel-
ligence to carry out this section. 
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SEC. 8. PARTNERSHIPS FOR TRANSFORMATIONAL INNOVA-
TION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall explore 
novel structures for partnerships with private entities and 
academic entities for transformative innovation in weather 
forecasting and other environmental forecasts in order to 
carry out the following: 
(1) Further the understanding of weather, 
water, climate, and space weather, and associated 
societal impact. 
(2) Advance the science of weather and water 
forecasting, including seasonal and subseasonal fore-
casting. 
(3) Develop, evaluate, and transition artificial 
intelligence weather, water, and hazard forecasting 
applications for operations. 
(b) CO-INVESTMENT.—In carrying out this section, 
subject to applicable law, the Administrator shall consider 
and adopt novel co-investment strategies with the private 
sector and academic sector, including the following: 
(1) Non-Federal Government contributions to 
resource and support high-risk, high-return research 
and development in environmental forecasting, data 
science, artificial intelligence, and related fields. 
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(2) Shared rights to intellectual property from 
research and development activities under this sec-
tion. 
(3) Other approaches to sharing resources and 
results under this section. 
SEC. 9. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WORKFORCE EXPERTISE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator, to the max-
imum extent practicable, shall develop, recruit, and sus-
tain a professional and diverse workforce for weather fore-
casting applications of artificial intelligence. 
(b) COLLABORATION.—The Administrator shall le-
verage robust public-private partnership models to collabo-
rate with private sector experts and provide employees 
with access to training, experience, and long-term develop-
ment of workforce and infrastructure in order to utilize 
artificial intelligence to improve weather forecasts. 
SEC. 10. DATA ACCESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator may make 
available to the public, as the Administrator determines 
appropriate, at no cost and with no restrictions on copy-
ing, publishing, distributing, citing, adapting, or otherwise 
using under an open license, any data or code developed 
under this Act. 
(b) ACCOMMODATIONS.—The Administrator may 
make such accommodations as the Administrator con-
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siders appropriate to ensure that the public release of any 
model, information, documentation, or data pursuant to 
this Act does not jeopardize any of the following: 
(1) National security. 
(2) 
Intellectual 
property 
or 
redistribution 
rights, including under titles 17 and 35, United 
States Code. 
(3) Any trade secret or commercial or financial 
information subject to section 552(b)(4) of title 5, 
United States Code. 
(4) Any models or data that are otherwise re-
stricted by contract or other written agreement. 
(5) The mission of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration to protect lives and 
property. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this Act 
may be construed to supersede any other provision of law 
governing the protection of the national security interests 
of the United States. 
Æ 
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