•HRES 640 IH 
Whereas physicist Albert Vinicio Ba´ez co-invented the x-ray 
reflection microscope in 1948; 
Whereas Ellen Ochoa was the first Hispanic female astronaut 
and the second female director of the Johnson Space 
Center; 
Whereas prominent Chicano/Chicana leaders spearheaded the 
fight for labor rights and education reform; 
Whereas, in 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that exclusion of 
eligible jurors due to their ancestry of national origin vio-
lated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amend-
ment in the case of Hernandez v. Texas, which was ‘‘the 
first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard 
and decided by the United States Supreme Court during 
the post-World War II period’’; 
Whereas, in 1946, the Supreme Court issued another land-
mark ruling in Mendez, Guzman, Palomino, Estrada, Ra-
mirez v. Westminster School District of Orange County, 
that declared school segregation of Mexican Americans il-
legal; 
Whereas John J. Herrera, an experienced Houston trial law-
yer and 21st president of the League of United Latin 
American Citizens, was the attorney who won both of 
those landmark Supreme Court cases; 
Whereas Dolores Huerta and Cesar Chavez are prominent 
figures in the labor movement and advocates for workers, 
immigrants, and women’s rights; 
Whereas Ruben Salazar, a significant civil rights advocate, 
was the first Mexican-American columnist for the Los 
Angeles Times, and the first journalist to shed light on 
the Chicano/Chicana community through mainstream 
media; 
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•HRES 640 IH 
Whereas Sal Castro, a high school social studies teacher, ini-
tiated and facilitated the East Los Angeles Walkouts, 
which advocated for the teaching of Mexican-American 
heritage in schools, by highlighting the racial inequalities 
in the Chicano/Chicana community and instilling cultural 
pride into his pupils; 
Whereas Sal Castro’s then-student, Paula Crisostomo, is 
credited as the first student to walk out in protest of the 
unequal education that Latino students received, and led 
her peers in 5 East Los Angeles high schools in walking 
out of classes in the first mass protest against racism 
ever undertaken by Mexican Americans; 
Whereas Chicano/Chicana entertainers and artists have 
shaped American culture in the United States; 
Whereas Emigdio Vasquez, from Orange, California, was 
known as the ‘‘Godfather of Hispanic artists’’, and paint-
ed over 30 public murals in central Orange County, most 
notable are his art contributions to Santa Ana City Hall; 
Whereas Selena Quintanilla Pe´rez, also known as Selena, was 
called the ‘‘Queen of Tejano music’’ and contributed tre-
mendously to American music and fashion in the late 
20th century; 
Whereas approximately 37,000,000 Chicano/Chicana immi-
grants reside within the United States, and comprise 
about 61.5 percent of the United States Latino popu-
lation; 
Whereas the Chicano/Chicana population makes up 12 per-
cent of the United States while facing a disproportionate 
amount of representation within the public and private 
sectors; 
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•HRES 640 IH 
Whereas the city of Santa Ana, California, has a majority 
Chicano/Chicana population; 
Whereas, in 2021, the city of Santa Ana, California, was the 
first major city in the United States to declare August 
as ‘‘Chicano Heritage Month’’; 
Whereas the Chicano/Chicana community values family rela-
tionships, which encourages a sense of comradery and 
companionship within each household and serves as a 
means of embracing Mexican lineage and ensuring prin-
cipal traditions from Chicano/Chicana culture are in-
stilled in the younger generation; 
Whereas systemic prejudices targeting the Chicano/Chicana 
population are becoming especially apparent as domestic 
terrorism attacks surge, as seen in the 2019 shooting in 
El Paso, Texas; 
Whereas the elimination of Chicano/Chicana discrimination 
requires the awareness and acknowledgement of the com-
munity’s struggle and the culmination of decades-worth 
of marginalization; and 
Whereas, in 2023, the city of Anaheim, California, declared 
August as ‘‘Chicano Heritage Month’’: Now, therefore, be 
it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) recognizes the significance of ‘‘Chicano/ 
Chicana Heritage Month’’ as an important time to 
celebrate the significant contributions of Mexican 
Americans to the history of the United States; 
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•HRES 640 IH 
(2) recognizes that Mexican Americans enhance 
the rich diversity of and strengthen the United 
States; and 
(3) acknowledges Chicano/Chicana Heritage 
Month and encourages its observation with appro-
priate events and activities. 
Æ 
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