133 
proficient individuals, as measured by the Bureau of 
the Census; and 
‘‘(14) assist Head Start agencies in developing 
appropriate methods and approaches for identifying 
and working with children and families experiencing 
toxic stress. 
‘‘(d) The Secretary may provide, either directly or 
through grants to public or private nonprofit entities, 
training for Head Start personnel in the use of the per-
forming and visual arts and interactive programs using 
electronic media to enhance the learning experience of 
Head Start children. Special consideration shall be given 
to entities that have demonstrated effectiveness in edu-
cational programming for preschool children that includes 
components for parental involvement, care provider train-
ing, and developmentally appropriate related activities. 
‘‘(e) The Secretary shall provide, either directly or 
through grants or other arrangements, funds from pro-
grams authorized under this subchapter to support an or-
ganization to administer a centralized child development 
and national assessment program leading to recognized 
credentials for personnel working in early childhood devel-
opment and child care programs, training for personnel 
providing services to limited English proficient children 
(including services to promote the acquisition of the 
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134 
English language), training for personnel providing serv-
ices to children determined to be abused or neglected, 
training for personnel providing services to children re-
ferred by or receiving child welfare services, training for 
personnel in helping children cope with community vio-
lence, and resource access projects for personnel working 
with disabled children. 
‘‘(f) The Secretary shall provide, either directly or 
through grants, or other arrangements, funds for training 
of Head Start personnel in addressing the unique needs 
of migrant and seasonal working families, families with 
1 or more children with disabilities, families with a limited 
English proficiency, homeless families, and children and 
families experiencing toxic stress. 
‘‘(g) More than 50 percent of funds expended under 
this section shall be used to provide high quality, sus-
tained, intensive, and classroom-focused training and tech-
nical assistance in order to have a positive and lasting im-
pact on classroom instruction. Funds shall be used to 
carry out activities related to any or all of the following: 
‘‘(1) Education and early childhood develop-
ment. 
‘‘(2) Child health, nutrition, and safety. 
‘‘(3) Family and community partnerships and 
services. 
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‘‘(4) Other areas that impact the quality or 
overall effectiveness of Head Start programs. 
‘‘(h) The Secretary shall develop and implement a 
program of outreach to recruit and train minority men 
to become Head Start teachers in order to reflect the com-
munities in which Head Start children live and to increase 
the provision of quality services and instruction to children 
with diverse backgrounds. 
‘‘(i) Funds under this subchapter used for training 
shall be used for needs identified annually by a grant ap-
plicant or delegate agency in their program improvement 
plan, except that funds shall not be used for long-distance 
travel expenses for training activities available locally or 
regionally or for training activities substantially similar to 
locally or regionally available training activities. 
‘‘(j) 
Funds 
made 
available 
under 
section 
640(a)(2)(C)(i) shall be used by a Head Start agency for 
any of the following: 
‘‘(1) Activities that ensure that Head Start pro-
grams meet or exceed the program performance 
standards described in section 641A(a)(1). 
‘‘(2) Activities that ensure that Head Start pro-
grams have adequate numbers of trained, qualified 
staff who have skills in working with children and 
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136 
families, including children and families who are lim-
ited English proficient and children with disabilities. 
‘‘(3) Activities to pay expenses, including direct 
training for expert consultants working with any 
staff, to improve the management and implementa-
tion of Head Start services and systems. 
‘‘(4) Activities that help ensure that Head Start 
programs have qualified staff who can promote lan-
guage skills and literacy growth of children and who 
can provide children with a variety of skills that 
have been identified as predictive of later reading 
achievement, school success, and the skills, knowl-
edge, abilities, development, and progress described 
in section 641A(a)(1)(B)(ii). 
‘‘(5) Activities to improve staff qualifications 
and to assist with the implementation of career de-
velopment programs and to encourage the staff to 
continually improve their skills and expertise, includ-
ing developing partnerships with programs that re-
cruit, train, place, and support college students in 
Head Start centers to deliver an innovative early 
learning program to preschool children. 
‘‘(6) Activities that help local programs ensure 
that the arrangement, condition, and implementation 
of the learning environments in Head Start pro-
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grams are conducive to providing effective program 
services to children and families. 
‘‘(7) Activities to provide training necessary to 
improve the qualifications of Head Start staff and to 
support staff training, child counseling, health serv-
ices, and other services necessary to address the 
needs of children enrolled in Head Start programs, 
including children from families in crises, children 
who experience chronic violence or homelessness, 
children who experience substance abuse in their 
families, and children under 3 years of age, where 
applicable. 
‘‘(8) Activities to provide classes or in-service- 
type programs to improve or enhance parenting 
skills, job skills, adult and family literacy, including 
financial literacy, or training to become a classroom 
aide or bus driver in a Head Start program. 
‘‘(9) Additional activities deemed appropriate to 
the improvement of Head Start agencies’ programs, 
as determined by the agencies’ technical assistance 
and training plans. 
‘‘(10) Any other activities regarding the use of 
funds as determined by the Secretary. 
‘‘(k) The Secretary shall— 
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138 
‘‘(1) work in collaboration with the Head Start 
agencies that carry out Indian Head Start pro-
grams, the Indian Head Start collaboration director, 
and other appropriate entities, including tribal gov-
ernments and the National Indian Head Start Di-
rectors Association— 
‘‘(A) to undertake a study or set of studies 
designed to focus on the American Indian and 
Alaska Native Head Start-eligible population, 
with a focus on issues such as curriculum devel-
opment, availability and need for services, ap-
propriate research methodologies and measures 
for these populations, and best practices for 
teaching and educating American Indian and 
Alaska Native Head Start Children; 
‘‘(B) to accurately determine the number 
of children nationwide who are eligible to par-
ticipate in Indian Head Start programs each 
year; 
‘‘(C) to document how many of these chil-
dren are receiving Head Start services each 
year; 
‘‘(D) to the extent practicable, to ensure 
that access to Indian Head Start programs for 
eligible children is comparable to access to other 
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Head Start programs for other eligible children; 
and 
‘‘(E) to make the funding decisions re-
quired in section 640(a)(2)(A)(iii), after com-
pletion of the studies required in that section, 
taking into account: 
‘‘(i) the Federal government’s unique 
trust responsibility to American Indians 
and Alaska Natives; 
‘‘(ii) limitations faced by tribal com-
munities in accessing non-Federal sources 
of funding to supplement Federal funding 
for early childhood programs; and 
‘‘(iii) other factors that uniquely and 
adversely impact children in American In-
dian and Alaska Native communities such 
as highly elevated poverty, unemployment 
and violent crime rates, as well as de-
pressed levels of educational achievement 
and limited access to non-Federal health, 
social and educational resources; 
‘‘(2) in carrying out paragraph (1), consult with 
the Secretary of Education about the Department of 
Education’s systems for collecting and reporting 
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140 
data about, and maintaining records on, American 
Indian and Alaska Native students; 
‘‘(3) not later than 9 months after the effective 
date of this subsection, publish in the Federal Reg-
ister a notice of how the Secretary plans to carry out 
paragraph (1) and shall provide a period for public 
comment. To the extent practicable, the Secretary 
shall consider comments received before submitting 
a report to the Congress; 
‘‘(4) not later than 1 year after the effective 
date of this subsection, submit a report to the Com-
mittee on Education and the Workforce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Sen-
ate, detailing how the Department of Health and 
Human Services plans to carry out paragraph (1); 
‘‘(5) take appropriate action, consistent with 
section 444 of the General Education Provisions 
Act, to ensure the protection of the confidentiality of 
any personally identifiable data, information, and 
records collected or maintained by the Secretary, by 
Head Start agencies that carry out Indian Head 
Start programs, by State Directors of Head Start 
Collaboration, by the Indian Head Start Collabora-
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141 
tion Project Director and by other appropriate enti-
ties pursuant to this subsection; and 
‘‘(6) ensure that nothing in this subsection shall 
be construed to authorize the development of a na-
tionwide database of personally identifiable informa-
tion on individuals involved in studies or other col-
lections of data under this subsection. 
‘‘(l) The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) in order to increase access to Head Start 
services for eligible migrant and seasonal children, 
work in collaboration with migrant and seasonal 
Head Start providers, the Department of Agri-
culture (land grant universities), the Department of 
Labor, the Bureau of Migrant Health, and the De-
partment of Education to— 
‘‘(A) establish a system for collecting and 
reporting data on farm workers and their fami-
lies in order to adequately account for the num-
ber of seasonal and migrant children that are 
eligible for Head Start and determine how 
many of these eligible children receive services; 
‘‘(B) identify barriers that prevent eligible 
migrant and seasonal children from accessing 
Head Start services and develop a plan for 
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eliminating barriers and increasing enrollment; 
and 
‘‘(C) develop a system through which mi-
grant and seasonal Head Start programs can 
effectively track health records and educational 
documents as a child moves from state to state; 
‘‘(2) not later than 6 months after the effective 
date of this subsection, publish in the Federal Reg-
ister a notice on how the Secretary plans to carry 
out the activities identified in paragraph (1) and 
shall provide a period for public comment. To the 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall consider com-
ments received before implementing any of the ac-
tivities identified in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(3) not later than 1 year after the effective 
date of this subsection, submit a report to the Com-
mittee on Education and Labor of the House of 
Representatives and the Health, Education, Labor 
and Pensions Committee of the Senate detailing how 
the Secretary plans to carry out the activities identi-
fied in (1); 
‘‘(4) submit a report to Congress annually on 
the migrant and seasonal Head Start program in-
cluding a report on the progress made in carrying 
out the activities identified in paragraph (1), the 
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143 
progress made in reaching out to and serving eligible 
migrant and seasonal children, and information on 
states where migrant and seasonal children are still 
underserved; 
‘‘(5) take appropriate caution, consistent with 
section 444 of the General Education Provisions 
Act, to ensure the protection of the confidentiality of 
any personally identifiable data, information, and 
records collected or maintained by the Secretary, by 
Head Start agencies that carry out migrant and sea-
sonal Head Start programs, by the State director of 
Head Start Collaboration, by the Migrant and Sea-
sonal Farmworker Collaboration project Director; 
and 
‘‘(6) ensure that nothing in this subsection shall 
be construed to authorize the development of a na-
tionwide database of personally identifiable informa-
tion on individuals involved in studies or other col-
lections of data under this subsection. 
‘‘(m) For purposes of this section, the term ‘eligible 
entities’ means an institution of higher education or other 
entity with expertise in delivering training in early child-
hood develop?ent, family support, and other assistance de-
signed to improve the delivery of Head Start services. 
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‘‘(n) For the purposes of delivering a State-based 
training and technical assistance system, as described in 
section 640(a)(C)(ii), that will meet the needs of local 
grantees and provide high quality, sustained, and intensive 
training and technical assistance to Head Start programs 
in order to help them meet or exceed the program per-
formance standards described in section 641A(a)(1), the 
Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) enter into contracts in each State with 1 
or more entities who have a demonstrated expertise 
in supporting the delivery of high quality early edu-
cation programs, except that bi-State contracts may 
be entered in to if the demographics of proximal 
States make such a system more appropriate; 
‘‘(2) ensure that the entities described in sub-
paragraph (1) determine the types of services to be 
provided through consultation with— 
‘‘(A) local Head Start agencies; 
‘‘(B) the State Head Start collaboration 
office; and 
‘‘(C) the State Head Start Association; 
‘‘(3) provide a report to the appropriate com-
mittees in Congress no later than 90 days after the 
end of the fiscal year, summarizing the funding for 
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