the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wild-
life Refuge. It was the Nation’s first urban refuge 
and remains the largest national wildlife refuge in a 
metropolitan area. The Service manages it as part of 
a Complex with the Antioch Dunes, Ellicott Slough, 
Farallon, Marin Islands, Salinas River, and San 
Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuges, comprising 
more than 46,000 acres. The Complex’s urban set-
ting and high visitorship provide unique challenges 
and opportunities to advance the mission of the na-
tional wildlife refuge system, including engagement, 
education, and involvement of new constituencies. 
(2) The Complex represents a unique national 
asset within the National Wildlife Refuge System 
and should be a focal point for cutting edge re-
search, science, and practice in habitat management 
and restoration, including projects in the areas of— 
(A) implementation of recovery plans for 
endangered and threatened wildlife species, and 
habitat conservation plans for tidal marsh and 
other priority ecosystems; 
(B) integrated ecosystem management and 
adaptive approaches to planning and implemen-
tation of landscape-scale ecosystem restoration; 
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(C) carbon sequestration and natural 
shoreline protection benefits of tidal marsh res-
toration in the face of rising sea levels; 
(D) monitoring the health of key species 
and the value of habitat; 
(E) removal and control of harmful non-
native species; 
(F) public education and community stew-
ardship opportunities in furtherance of the mis-
sion of the National Wildlife Refuge System; 
(G) public-private partnerships and col-
laborative conservation; and 
(H) establishing and documenting best 
practices and disseminating and replicating 
them throughout the National Wildlife Refuge 
System. 
SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL; PURPOSES.—For the purposes of 
preservation, conservation, restoration, and enhancement 
of highly significant wildlife habitat in the ecosystem 
known generally as San Francisco Bay in the State of 
California, protection of migratory waterfowl and other 
wildlife, including species known to be threatened or en-
dangered with extinction, providing opportunities for wild-
life-oriented recreation and nature study within the open 
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space so preserved, the Secretary shall establish, in ac-
cordance with this Act, an urban ecosystem wildlife refuge 
complex to be known as the San Francisco Bay National 
Wildlife Refuge Complex. 
(b) OBJECTIVES.—In addition to the purposes of the 
Refuge Complex specified in subsection (a), the Refuge 
Complex shall be managed in accordance with all laws, 
regulations, executive orders, and comprehensive conserva-
tion plans that applied before the date of the enactment 
of this Act to the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife 
Refuge Complex and for the following objectives: 
(1) To strengthen and complement existing re-
source management, conservation, restoration, and 
education programs and activities at the Refuge 
Complex in a manner consistent with the purposes 
set forth in subsection (a). 
(2) To conserve, enhance, and restore the na-
tive aquatic and terrestrial communities and their 
characteristics found within the Refuge Complex and 
the San Francisco Bay ecosystem in partnership 
with governmental, nongovernmental, and private or-
ganizations and private individuals dedicated to fish 
and wildlife habitat preservation, protection, recov-
ery, restoration, or enhancement. 
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(3) To facilitate partnerships among the Serv-
ice, the State of California, regional and local gov-
ernments, Indian tribes, communities, conservation 
organizations and other non-Federal entities to pro-
mote community stewardship and to enhance public 
awareness and appreciation among urban and met-
ropolitan residents within the greater San Francisco 
Bay ecosystem of the natural resources of the Ref-
uge Complex and the importance of maintaining fish 
and wildlife habitat to compensate for the significant 
scale of human development and land conversion 
that has occurred in this region of northern Cali-
fornia. 
(4) To advance the collective goals, priorities, 
and strategies established in the covered report in 
order to protect, preserve, conserve, manage, restore, 
recover, or enhance fish and wildlife habitat in the 
San Francisco Bay ecosystem. 
(5) To provide for the systematic monitoring of 
key species and environmental health in general, to 
facilitate programs to control or eradicate harmful, 
non-native invasive species, to advance adaptive ap-
proaches to planning, carbon sequestration, and nat-
ural shoreline protection, and to implement land-
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scape-level strategies for ecosystem recovery, restora-
tion and enhancement. 
SEC. 3. REFUGE COMPLEX BOUNDARIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There shall be included within the 
boundaries of the Refuge Complex those existing refuge 
dunes, beaches, marshes and sloughs, tidal flats, salt 
ponds, submerged lands, islands, and other lands and open 
waters in the San Francisco Bay and Monterey Bay eco-
systems as generally depicted on the map entitled ‘‘San 
Francisco Bay NWR Complex’’ and dated April 2008, in-
cluding— 
(1) Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge; 
(2) Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National 
Wildlife Refuge; 
(3) Ellicott Slough National Wildlife Refuge; 
(4) Farallon National Wildlife Refuge; 
(5) Marin Islands National Wildlife Refuge; 
(6) Salinas River National Wildlife Refuge; 
(7) San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge; 
and 
(8) any other areas added to the Refuge Com-
plex after date of enactment of this Act. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF MAP.—The map referred to in 
subsection (a) shall be held on file and available for public 
inspection in the appropriate offices of the Service. 
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