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TITLE XII—PRESIDENTIAL AND 
VICE 
PRESIDENTIAL 
TAX 
TRANSPARENCY 
SEC. 1201. PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL TAX 
TRANSPARENCY. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) The term ‘‘covered candidate’’ means a can-
didate of a major party in a general election for the 
office of President or Vice President. 
(2) The term ‘‘major party’’ has the meaning 
given the term in section 9002 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986. 
(3) The term ‘‘income tax return’’ means, with 
respect to an individual, any return (as such term is 
defined in section 6103(b)(1) of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986, except that such term shall not 
include declarations of estimated tax) of— 
(A) such individual, other than information 
returns issued to persons other than such indi-
vidual; or 
(B) of any corporation, partnership, or 
trust in which such individual holds, directly or 
indirectly, a significant interest as the sole or 
principal owner or the sole or principal bene-
ficial owner (as such terms are defined in regu-
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lations prescribed by the Secretary of the 
Treasury or his delegate). 
(4) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary 
of the Treasury or the delegate of the Secretary. 
(b) DISCLOSURE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.— 
(A) CANDIDATES
FOR
PRESIDENT
AND 
VICE PRESIDENT.—Not later than the date that 
is 15 days after the date on which an individual 
becomes a covered candidate, the individual 
shall submit to the Federal Election Commis-
sion a copy of the individual’s income tax re-
turns for the 10 most recent taxable years for 
which a return has been filed with the Internal 
Revenue Service. 
(B) PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT.— 
With respect to an individual who is the Presi-
dent or Vice President, not later than the due 
date for the return of tax for each taxable year, 
such individual shall submit to the Federal 
Election Commission a copy of the individual’s 
income tax returns for the taxable year and for 
the 9 preceding taxable years. 
(C) TRANSITION RULE FOR SITTING PRESI-
DENTS AND VICE PRESIDENTS.—Not later than 
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the date that is 30 days after the date of enact-
ment of this section, an individual who is the 
President or Vice President on such date of en-
actment shall submit to the Federal Election 
Commission a copy of the income tax returns 
for the 10 most recent taxable years for which 
a return has been filed with the Internal Rev-
enue Service. 
(2) FAILURE
TO
DISCLOSE.—If any require-
ment under paragraph (1) to submit an income tax 
return is not met, the chairman of the Federal Elec-
tion Commission shall submit to the Secretary a 
written request that the Secretary provide the Fed-
eral Election Commission with the income tax re-
turn. 
(3) PUBLICLY
AVAILABLE.—The chairman of 
the Federal Election Commission shall make publicly 
available each income tax return submitted under 
paragraph (1) in the same manner as a return pro-
vided under section 6103(l)(23) of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986 (as added by this section). 
(4) TREATMENT AS A REPORT FILED UNDER 
THE FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN ACT OF 1971.— 
Section 304(a)(11) of the Federal Election Cam-
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paign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104(a)(11)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(E) An income tax return filed under the Protecting 
Our Democracy Act of 2021 shall be filed in electronic 
form accessible by computers and shall be treated as a 
report filed under and required by this Act for purposes 
of subparagraphs (B) and (C), except that if it would re-
quire considerable, extensive, and significant time for the 
Commission to make redactions to such a return, as re-
quired under section 1201(b)(3) of the Protecting Our De-
mocracy Act of 2021 or subparagraph (B)(ii) of section 
6103(l)(23) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the 
Commission may make the return available for public in-
spection more than 48 hours after receipt by the Commis-
sion, but in no event later than 30 days after receipt by 
the Commission.’’. 
(c) DISCLOSURE OF RETURNS OF PRESIDENTS AND 
VICE
PRESIDENTS
AND
CERTAIN
CANDIDATES
FOR 
PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 6103(l) of the Inter-
nal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(23) DISCLOSURE OF RETURN INFORMATION 
OF PRESIDENTS AND VICE PRESIDENTS AND CER-
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TAIN CANDIDATES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESI-
DENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Upon written request 
by the chairman of the Federal Election Com-
mission under section 1201(b)(2) of the Pro-
tecting Our Democracy Act, not later than the 
date that is 15 days after the date of such re-
quest, the Secretary shall provide copies of any 
return which is so requested to officers and em-
ployees of the Federal Election Commission 
whose official duties include disclosure or redac-
tion of such return under this paragraph. 
‘‘(B) DISCLOSURE TO THE PUBLIC.— 
‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—The chairman of 
the Federal Election Commission shall 
make publicly available any return which is 
provided under subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(ii) REDACTION OF CERTAIN INFOR-
MATION.—Before making publicly available 
under clause (I) any return, the chairman 
of the Federal Election Commission shall 
redact such information as the Federal 
Election Commission and the Secretary 
jointly determine is necessary for pro-
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tecting against identity theft, such as so-
cial security numbers.’’. 
(2) 
CONFORMING
AMENDMENTS.—Section 
6103(p)(4) of such Code is amended— 
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ‘‘or (22)’’ and inserting ‘‘(22), 
or (23)’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (F)(ii) by striking ‘‘or 
(22)’’ and inserting ‘‘(22), or (23)’’. 
(3) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made 
by this subsection shall apply to disclosures made on 
or after the date of enactment of this Act. 
DIVISION C—MISCELLANEOUS 
TITLE 
XIII—REPORTING 
FOR-
EIGN 
INTERFERENCE 
IN 
ELECTIONS 
SEC. 1301. FEDERAL CAMPAIGN REPORTING OF FOREIGN 
CONTACTS. 
(a) INITIAL NOTICE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 304 of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(j) DISCLOSURE OF REPORTABLE FOREIGN CON-
TACTS.— 
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‘‘(B) each official, employee, or agent of a 
political committee shall notify the treasurer or 
other designated official of the committee of the 
reportable foreign contact and provide a sum-
mary of the circumstances with respect to such 
reportable foreign contact. 
‘‘(3) REPORTABLE FOREIGN CONTACT.—In this 
subsection: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘reportable 
foreign contact’ means any direct or indirect 
contact or communication that— 
‘‘(I) is between— 
‘‘(I) a candidate, an immediate 
family member of the candidate, a po-
litical committee, or any official, em-
ployee, or agent of such committee; 
and 
‘‘(II) an individual that the per-
son described in subclause (I) knows, 
has reason to know, or reasonably be-
lieves is a covered foreign national; 
and 
‘‘(ii) the person described in clause 
(I)(I) knows, has reason to know, or rea-
sonably believes involves— 
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‘‘(I) an offer or other proposal 
for a contribution, donation, expendi-
ture, disbursement, or solicitation de-
scribed in section 319; or 
‘‘(II) coordination or collabora-
tion with, an offer or provision of in-
formation or services to or from, or 
persistent and repeated contact with, 
a covered foreign national in connec-
tion with an election. 
‘‘(B) EXCEPTIONS.— 
‘‘(I) CONTACTS IN OFFICIAL CAPACITY 
AS ELECTED OFFICIAL.—The term ‘report-
able foreign contact’ shall not include any 
contact or communication with a covered 
foreign national by an elected official or an 
employee of an elected official solely in an 
official capacity as such an official or em-
ployee. 
‘‘(ii) CONTACTS
FOR
PURPOSES
OF 
ENABLING
OBSERVATION
OF
ELECTIONS 
BY
INTERNATIONAL
OBSERVERS.—The 
term ‘reportable foreign contact’ shall not 
include any contact or communication with 
a covered foreign national by any person 
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which is made for purposes of enabling the 
observation of elections in the United 
States by a foreign national or the obser-
vation of elections outside of the United 
States by a candidate, political committee, 
or any official, employee, or agent of such 
committee. 
‘‘(iii) EXCEPTIONS
NOT
APPLICABLE 
IF
CONTACTS
OR
COMMUNICATIONS
IN-
VOLVE
PROHIBITED
DISBURSEMENTS.—A 
contact or communication by an elected of-
ficial or an employee of an elected official 
shall not be considered to be made solely 
in an official capacity for purposes of 
clause (I), and a contact or communication 
shall not be considered to be made for pur-
poses of enabling the observation of elec-
tions for purposes of clause (ii), if the con-
tact or communication involves a contribu-
tion, donation, expenditure, disbursement, 
or solicitation described in section 319. 
‘‘(C) COVERED
FOREIGN
NATIONAL
DE-
FINED.— 
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‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—In this paragraph, 
the 
term 
‘covered 
foreign 
national’ 
means— 
‘‘(I) a foreign principal (as de-
fined in section 1(b) of the Foreign 
Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22 
U.S.C. 611(b)) that is a government 
of a foreign country or a foreign polit-
ical party; 
‘‘(II) any person who acts as an 
agent, representative, employee, or 
servant, or any person who acts in 
any other capacity at the order, re-
quest, or under the direction or con-
trol, of a foreign principal described in 
subclause (I) or of a person any of 
whose activities are directly or indi-
rectly supervised, directed, controlled, 
financed, or subsidized in whole or in 
major part by a foreign principal de-
scribed in subclause (I); or 
‘‘(III) any person included in the 
list of specially designated nationals 
and blocked persons maintained by 
the Office of Foreign Assets Control 
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of the Department of the Treasury 
pursuant to authorities relating to the 
imposition of sanctions relating to the 
conduct of a foreign principal de-
scribed in subclause (I). 
‘‘(ii) CLARIFICATION REGARDING AP-
PLICATION TO CITIZENS OF THE UNITED 
STATES.—In the case of a citizen of the 
United States, subclause (II) of clause (I) 
applies only to the extent that the person 
involved acts within the scope of that per-
son’s status as the agent of a foreign prin-
cipal described in subclause (I) of clause 
(I). 
‘‘(4) IMMEDIATE
FAMILY
MEMBER.—In this 
subsection, the term ‘immediate family member’ 
means, with respect to a candidate, a parent, parent- 
in-law, spouse, adult child, or sibling.’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to report-
able foreign contacts which occur on or after the 
date of the enactment of this Act. 
(b) INFORMATION INCLUDED ON REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 304(b) of such Act 
(52 U.S.C. 30104(b)) is amended— 
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(A) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of para-
graph (7); 
(B) by striking the period at the end of 
paragraph (8) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(9) for any reportable foreign contact (as de-
fined in subsection (j)(3))— 
‘‘(A) the date, time, and location of the 
contact; 
‘‘(B) the date and time of when a des-
ignated official of the committee was notified of 
the contact; 
‘‘(C) the identity of individuals involved; 
and 
‘‘(D) a description of the contact, including 
the nature of any contribution, donation, ex-
penditure, disbursement, or solicitation involved 
and the nature of any activity described in sub-
section (j)(3)(A)(ii)(II) involved.’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to reports 
filed on or after the expiration of the 60-day period 
which begins on the date of the enactment of this 
Act. 
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SEC. 1302. FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FOREIGN CONTACT RE-
PORTING COMPLIANCE SYSTEM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 302 of the Federal Elec-
tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30102) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(j) REPORTABLE FOREIGN CONTACTS COMPLIANCE 
POLICY.— 
‘‘(1) REPORTING.—Each political committee 
shall establish a policy that requires all officials, em-
ployees, and agents of such committee to notify the 
treasurer or other appropriate designated official of 
the committee of any reportable foreign contact (as 
defined in section 304(j)) not later than 3 days after 
such contact was made. 
‘‘(2) 
RETENTION
AND
PRESERVATION
OF 
RECORDS.—Each political committee shall establish 
a policy that provides for the retention and preserva-
tion of records and information related to reportable 
foreign contacts (as so defined) for a period of not 
less than 3 years. 
‘‘(3) CERTIFICATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Upon filing its state-
ment of organization under section 303(a), and 
with each report filed under section 304(a), the 
treasurer of each political committee (other 
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than an authorized committee) shall certify 
that— 
‘‘(I) the committee has in place poli-
cies that meet the requirements of para-
graphs (1) and (2); 
‘‘(ii) the committee has designated an 
official to monitor compliance with such 
policies; and 
‘‘(iii) not later than 1 week after the 
beginning of any formal or informal affili-
ation with the committee, all officials, em-
ployees, and agents of such committee 
will— 
‘‘(I) receive notice of such poli-
cies; 
‘‘(II) be informed of the prohibi-
tions under section 319; and 
‘‘(III) sign a certification affirm-
ing their understanding of such poli-
cies and prohibitions. 
‘‘(B) AUTHORIZED
COMMITTEES.—With 
respect to an authorized committee, the can-
didate shall make the certification required 
under subparagraph (A).’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—The amendment made by 
subsection (a) shall apply with respect to political 
committees which file a statement of organization 
under section 303(a) of the Federal Election Cam-
paign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30103(a)) on or after 
the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(2) TRANSITION RULE FOR EXISTING COMMIT-
TEES.—Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, each political committee 
under the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 
shall file a certification with the Federal Election 
Commission that the committee is in compliance 
with the requirements of section 302(j) of such Act 
(as added by subsection (a)). 
SEC. 1303. CRIMINAL PENALTIES. 
Section 309(d)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109(d)(1)) is amended by add-
ing at the end the following new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(E) Any person who knowingly and willfully com-
mits a violation of subsection (j) or (b)(9) of section 304 
or section 302(j) shall be fined not more than $500,000, 
imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. 
‘‘(F) Any person who knowingly and willfully conceals 
or destroys any materials relating to a reportable foreign 
contact (as defined in section 304(j)) shall be fined not 
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more than $1,000,000, imprisoned not more than 5 years, 
or both.’’. 
SEC. 1304. REPORT TO CONGRESSIONAL INTELLIGENCE 
COMMITTEES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 
the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shall 
submit to the congressional intelligence committees a re-
port relating to notifications received by the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation under section 304(j)(1) of the Fed-
eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by section 
1301(a) of this Act). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report under subsection (a) 
shall include, at a minimum, the following with respect 
to notifications described in subsection (a): 
(1) The number of such notifications received 
from political committees during the year covered by 
the report. 
(2) A description of protocols and procedures 
developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation re-
lating to receipt and maintenance of records relating 
to such notifications. 
(3) With respect to such notifications received 
during the year covered by the report, a description 
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of any subsequent actions taken by the Director re-
sulting from the receipt of such notifications. 
(c) CONGRESSIONAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘congressional intel-
ligence committees’’ has the meaning given that term in 
section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
3003). 
SEC. 1305. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this 
title shall be construed— 
(1) to impede legitimate journalistic activities; 
or 
(2) to impose any additional limitation on the 
right to express political views or to participate in 
public discourse of any individual who— 
(A) resides in the United States; 
(B) is not a citizen of the United States or 
a national of the United States, as defined in 
section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)); and 
(C) is not lawfully admitted for permanent 
residence, as defined by section 101(a)(20) of 
the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1101(a)(20)). 
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TITLE XIV—ELIMINATING FOR-
EIGN 
INTERFERENCE 
IN 
ELECTIONS 
SEC. 1401. CLARIFICATION OF APPLICATION OF FOREIGN 
MONEY BAN. 
(a) CLARIFICATION OF TREATMENT OF PROVISION 
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION AS CONTRIBUTION OR DONA-
TION OF A THING OF VALUE.—Section 319 of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) CLARIFICATION OF TREATMENT OF PROVISION 
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION AS CONTRIBUTION OR DONA-
TION OF A THING OF VALUE.—For purposes of this sec-
tion, a ‘contribution or donation of money or other thing 
of value’ includes the provision of opposition research, 
polling, or other non-public information relating to a can-
didate for election for a Federal, State, or local office for 
the purpose of influencing the election, regardless of 
whether such research, polling, or information has mone-
tary value, except that nothing in this subsection shall be 
construed to treat the mere provision of an opinion about 
a candidate as a thing of value for purposes of this sec-
tion.’’. 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 309(d)(1) of such 
Act (52 U.S.C. 30109(d)(1)), as amended by section 
1303, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(G)(I) Any person who knowingly and willfully com-
mits a violation of section 319 which involves a foreign 
national which is a government of a foreign country or 
a foreign political party, or which involves a thing of value 
consisting of the provision of opposition research, polling, 
or other non-public information relating to a candidate for 
election for a Federal, State, or local office for the purpose 
of influencing the election, shall be fined under title 18, 
United States Code, or imprisoned for not more than 5 
years, or both. 
‘‘(ii) In clause (I), each of the terms ‘government of 
a foreign country’ and ‘foreign political party’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 1 of the Foreign 
Agents Registration Act of 1938, as Amended (22 U.S.C. 
611).’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to viola-
tions committed on or after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act. 
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SEC. 1402. REQUIRING ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF FOREIGN 
MONEY BAN BY POLITICAL COMMITTEES. 
(a) PROVISION OF INFORMATION BY FEDERAL ELEC-
TION COMMISSION.—Section 303 of the Federal Election 
Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30103) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(e) ACKNOWLEDGMENT
OF
FOREIGN
MONEY 
BAN.— 
‘‘(1) NOTIFICATION BY COMMISSION.—Not later 
than 30 days after a political committee files its 
statement of organization under subsection (a), and 
biennially thereafter until the committee terminates, 
the Commission shall provide the committee with a 
written explanation of section 319. 
‘‘(2) ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY COMMITTEE.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 30 
days after receiving the written explanation of 
section 319 under paragraph (1), the committee 
shall transmit to the Commission a signed cer-
tification that the committee has received such 
written explanation and has provided a copy of 
the explanation to all members, employees, con-
tractors, and volunteers of the committee. 
‘‘(B) PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
FOR
SIGNA-
TURE.—The certification required under sub-
paragraph (A) shall be signed— 
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‘‘(I) in the case of an authorized com-
mittee of a candidate, by the candidate; or 
‘‘(ii) in the case of any other political 
committee, by the treasurer of the com-
mittee.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE; TRANSITION FOR EXISTING 
COMMITTEES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The amendment made by 
subsection (a) shall apply with respect to political 
committees which file statements of organization 
under section 303 of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30103) on or after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
(2) TRANSITION FOR EXISTING COMMITTEES.— 
(A) NOTIFICATION BY FEDERAL ELECTION 
COMMISSION.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal 
Election Commission shall provide each political 
committee under such Act with the written ex-
planation of section 319 of such Act, as re-
quired under section 303(e)(1) of such Act (as 
added by subsection (a)). 
(B) ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY COMMITTEE.— 
Not later than 30 days after receiving the writ-
ten explanation under subparagraph (A), each 
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political committee under such Act shall trans-
mit to the Federal Election Commission the 
signed certification, as required under section 
303(e)(2) of such Act (as added by subsection 
(a)). 
SEC. 1403. PROHIBITION ON CONTRIBUTIONS AND DONA-
TIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS IN CONNEC-
TIONS 
WITH 
BALLOT 
INITIATIVES 
AND 
REFERENDA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 319(a)(1)(A) of the Fed-
eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 
30121(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘State, or local 
election’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘State, or local elec-
tion, including a State or local ballot initiative or ref-
erendum’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by 
this section shall apply with respect to elections held in 
2022 or any succeeding year. 
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TITLE 
XV—PROHIBITING 
CAM-
PAIGNS 
FROM 
PAYING 
SPOUSE OF CANDIDATE 
SEC. 1501. PROHIBITING USE OF CAMPAIGN FUNDS TO 
COMPENSATE SPOUSES OF CANDIDATES; DIS-
CLOSURE OF PAYMENTS MADE TO SPOUSES 
AND FAMILY MEMBERS. 
(a) PROHIBITION; DISCLOSURE.—Section 313 of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 
30114) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(d) PROHIBITING COMPENSATION
OF SPOUSES; 
DISCLOSURE OF PAYMENTS TO SPOUSES AND FAMILY 
MEMBERS.— 
‘‘(1) 
PROHIBITING
COMPENSATION
OF 
SPOUSES.—Notwithstanding any other provision of 
this Act, no authorized committee of a candidate or 
any other political committee established, main-
tained, or controlled by a candidate or an individual 
holding Federal office (other than a political com-
mittee of a political party) shall directly or indirectly 
compensate the spouse of the candidate or individual 
(as the case may be) for services provided to or on 
behalf of the committee. 
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‘‘(2) DISCLOSURE OF PAYMENTS TO SPOUSES 
AND IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBERS.—In addition to 
any other information included in a report submitted 
under section 304 by a committee described in para-
graph (1), the committee shall include in the report 
a separate statement of any payments, including di-
rect or indirect compensation, made to the spouse or 
any immediate family member of the candidate or 
individual involved during the period covered by the 
report. 
‘‘(3) IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBER DEFINED.— 
In this subsection, the term ‘immediate family mem-
ber’ means the son, daughter, son-in-law, daughter- 
in-law, mother, father, brother, sister, brother-in- 
law, sister-in-law, or grandchild of the candidate or 
individual involved.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 313(a)(1) 
of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30114(a)(1)) is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘for otherwise’’ and inserting ‘‘subject to subsection 
(d), for otherwise’’. 
SEC. 1502. IMPOSITION OF PENALTY AGAINST CANDIDATE 
OR OFFICEHOLDER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 309 of the Federal Elec-
tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
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‘‘(e) In the case of a violation of section 313(d) com-
mitted by a committee described in such section, if the 
candidate or individual involved knew of the violation, any 
penalty imposed under this section shall be imposed on 
the candidate or individual and not on the committee.’’. 
(b) 
PROHIBITING
REIMBURSEMENT
BY
COM-
MITTEE.—Section 313(d) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
30114(d)), as added by section 1501(a), is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para-
graph (4); and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) PROHIBITING REIMBURSEMENT BY COM-
MITTEE OF PENALTY PAID BY CANDIDATE FOR VIO-
LATIONS.—A committee described in paragraph (1) 
may not make any payment to reimburse the can-
didate or individual involved for any penalty imposed 
for a violation of this subsection which is required 
to be paid by the candidate or individual under sec-
tion 309(e).’’. 
SEC. 1503. EFFECTIVE DATE. 
The amendments made by this title shall apply with 
respect to compensation and payments made on or after 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
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TITLE XVI—PROTECTING ELEC-
TION OFFICIALS FROM DIS-
CLOSURE 
OF 
PERSONALLY 
IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION 
SEC. 1601. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Election Officials Pro-
tection Act’’. 
SEC. 1602. REQUIRING STATES TO MAINTAIN LIST OF ELEC-
TION OFFICIALS PROTECTED FROM DISCLO-
SURE OF PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFOR-
MATION. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Title III of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended 
by inserting after section 303 the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 303A. MAINTENANCE OF LIST OF ELECTION OFFI-
CIALS PROTECTED FROM DISCLOSURE OF 
PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The office of the chief State elec-
tion official of a State shall establish a program under 
which the office shall maintain a list of election officials 
whose personally identifiable information is protected from 
disclosure and kept confidential under the Election Offi-
cials Protection Act. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBILITY
FOR
PARTICIPATION
IN
PRO-
GRAM.— 
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‘‘(1) CONTENTS OF APPLICATION.—An election 
official is eligible to be a program participant in the 
program established under this section if the official 
submits to the office of the chief State election offi-
cial an application, at such time and in such form 
as the official may require, which contains the fol-
lowing information and assurances: 
‘‘(A) Documentation showing that the ap-
plicant is to commence service as an election of-
ficial in the State or is currently serving as an 
election official in the State. 
‘‘(B) A sworn statement that the applicant 
fears for his or her safety or the safety of his 
or her family, or the safety of the minor or in-
capacitated person on whose behalf the applica-
tion is made, due to his or her service as an 
election official. 
‘‘(C) Any police, court, or other govern-
ment agency records or files that show any 
complaints of alleged threats or acts of violence 
against the applicant. 
‘‘(D) The signature of the applicant and of 
any individual or representative of any office 
designated in writing who assisted in the prepa-
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ration of the application, and the date on which 
the applicant signed the application. 
‘‘(E) Such other information and assur-
ances as the chief State election official may re-
quire. 
‘‘(2) PERIOD OF PARTICIPATION.—Upon filing 
a properly completed application under this sub-
section, the chief State election official shall certify 
the applicant as a program participant for a period 
of 4 years following the date of filing, unless the ap-
plicant’s participation in the program is terminated 
before that date as provided under subsection (d). 
‘‘(c) ADDITIONAL NOTICE
TO PROGRAM PARTICI-
PANTS.—The office of the chief State election official shall 
provide each program participant a notice in clear and 
conspicuous font that contains all of the following infor-
mation: 
‘‘(1) The program participant may create a rev-
ocable living trust and place his or her real property 
into the trust to protect his or her residential street 
address from disclosure in real property trans-
actions. 
‘‘(2) The program participant may obtain a 
change of his or her legal name to protect his or her 
anonymity. 
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‘‘(3) A list of contact information for entities 
that the program participant may contact to receive 
information on, or receive legal services for, the cre-
ation of a trust to hold real property or obtaining a 
name change, including county bar associations, 
legal aid societies, State and local agencies, or other 
nonprofit organizations that may be able to assist 
program participants. 
‘‘(d) TERMINATION OF PARTICIPATION.— 
‘‘(1) GROUNDS FOR TERMINATION.—The chief 
State election official may terminate a program par-
ticipant’s participation in the program for any of the 
following reasons: 
‘‘(A) The program participant submits to 
the chief State election official written notifica-
tion of withdrawal, in which case the participa-
tion shall be terminated on the date of receipt 
of the notification. 
‘‘(B) The program participant’s certifi-
cation term has expired and the participant did 
not complete an application for renewal of the 
certification. 
‘‘(C) The chief State election official deter-
mines that false information was used in the 
application process to qualify as a program par-
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ticipant or that participation in the program is 
being used as a subterfuge to avoid detection of 
illegal or criminal activity or apprehension by 
law enforcement. 
‘‘(D) The program participant fails to dis-
close a change in the participant’s status as an 
election official. 
‘‘(2) APPEAL.—Except in the case of a termi-
nation on the grounds described in subparagraph 
(A) of paragraph (1), the chief State election official 
shall send written notification of the intended termi-
nation to the program participant. The program 
participant shall have 30 business days in which to 
appeal the termination under procedures developed 
by the chief State election official. 
‘‘(3) NOTIFICATION OF LOCAL OFFICES.—The 
chief State election official shall notify in writing the 
appropriate local election officials, county clerks, and 
local recording offices of the program participant’s 
termination of participation in the program. Upon 
receipt of this termination notification, such offi-
cials, clerks, and offices— 
‘‘(A) shall transmit to the chief State elec-
tion official all appropriate administrative 
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records pertaining to the program participant; 
and 
‘‘(B) shall no longer be responsible for 
maintaining the confidentiality of the program 
participant’s record. 
‘‘(4) TREATMENT OF RECORDS.— 
‘‘(A) 
CONFIDENTIALITY.—Upon 
termi-
nation of a program participant’s certification, 
the chief State election official shall retain 
records as follows: 
‘‘(I) Except as provided in subpara-
graph (B), any records or documents per-
taining to a program participant shall be 
held confidential. 
‘‘(ii) All records or documents per-
taining to a program participant shall be 
retained for a period of three years after 
termination of certification and then de-
stroyed without further notice. 
‘‘(B) 
EXCEPTION
FOR
TERMINATION 
BASED
ON
FALSE
INFORMATION
OR
SUBTER-
FUGE.—In the case of a termination on the 
grounds described in subparagraph (C) of para-
graph (1), the chief State election official may 
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disclose information contained in the partici-
pant’s application. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.— 
‘‘(1) ELECTION OFFICIAL.—In this section, an 
‘election official’ with respect to a State is any indi-
vidual, including a volunteer, who is authorized by 
the State to carry out duties relating to the adminis-
tration of elections for Federal office held in the 
State. 
‘‘(2) MEMBER OF THE IMMEDIATE FAMILY.—In 
this section, the term ‘member of the immediate 
family’ means, with respect to an individual, a 
spouse, domestic partner, child, stepchild, parent, or 
any blood relative of an individual who lives in the 
same residence as the individual. 
‘‘(3) PERSONALLY
IDENTIFIABLE
INFORMA-
TION.—The term ‘personally identifiable informa-
tion’ means, with respect to any individual— 
‘‘(A) a home address, including a primary 
residence or vacation home address; 
‘‘(B) a home, personal mobile, or direct 
telephone line to a private office or residence; 
‘‘(C) a personal email address; 
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‘‘(D) a social security number, driver’s li-
cense number, or voter registration information 
that includes a home address; 
‘‘(E) a bank account or credit or debit 
card information; 
‘‘(F) property tax records or any property 
ownership records, including a secondary resi-
dence and any investment property at which the 
individual resides for part of a year; 
‘‘(G) birth and marriage records; 
‘‘(H) vehicle registration information; 
‘‘(I) the identification of children of the in-
dividual under the age of 18; 
‘‘(J) the date of birth; 
‘‘(K) directions to a home of the individual 
or a member of the immediate family of the in-
dividual; 
‘‘(L) a photograph of any vehicle including 
the license plate or of a home including an ad-
dress of the individual or member of the imme-
diate family of the individual; 
‘‘(M) the name and location of a school or 
day care facility attended by a child of the indi-
vidual or by a child of a member of the imme-
diate family of the individual; or 
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‘‘(N) the name and location of an employer 
of the individual or a member of the immediate 
family of the individual.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT RELATING TO EN-
FORCEMENT.—Section 401 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111) 
is amended by striking ‘‘and 303’’ and inserting ‘‘303, and 
303A’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
of such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating 
to section 303 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 303A. Maintenance of list of election officials protected from disclosure 
of personally identifiable information.’’. 
(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
this section shall take effect September 1, 2022. 
SEC. 1603. PROHIBITING PERSONS FROM MAKING INFOR-
MATION ON PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS AVAIL-
ABLE. 
(a) REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONS RECEIVING RE-
QUESTS FROM PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS.—If any person, 
including a business or association and a local government 
or other public entity, receives a written request from an 
individual who is a program participant under the pro-
gram established by a State under section 303A of the 
Help America Vote Act of 2002 (hereafter referred to as 
a ‘‘program participant’’) or the agent of a program par-
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ticipant to not disclose the participant’s personally identi-
fiable information— 
(1) such person may not knowingly post or pub-
licly display the participant’s personally identifiable 
information on the Internet, including on any 
website or subsidiary website controlled by such per-
son; 
(2) such person may not knowingly transfer for 
consideration the participant’s personally identifiable 
information to any other person, including a busi-
ness or association, through any medium; 
(3) if the participant or the agent of the partici-
pant includes information in the written request to 
indicate that the disclosure of the participant’s per-
sonally identifiable information would cause or 
threaten to cause imminent great bodily harm to the 
participant or a member of the immediate family of 
the participant, such person may not knowingly 
transfer without consideration the participant’s per-
sonally identifiable information to any other person, 
including a business or association, through any me-
dium; and 
(4) if, prior to receiving the request, such per-
son publicly displayed the participant’s personally 
identifiable information on the Internet on any 
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website or subsidiary website controlled by such per-
son, such person shall remove the information from 
such websites not later than 72 hours after receiving 
the request. 
(b) ENFORCEMENT.— 
(1) ACTION FOR INJUNCTIVE OR DECLARATORY 
RELIEF.—A program participant who is aggrieved 
by a violation of subsection (a) or subsection (b) 
may bring an action seeking injunctive or declara-
tory relief in any court of competent jurisdiction. If 
the court grants injunctive or declaratory relief, the 
person responsible for the violation shall be required 
to pay the participant’s costs and reasonable attor-
ney’s fees. 
(2) ACTION FOR DAMAGES.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A program participant 
who is aggrieved by a violation of subsection (a) 
or subsection (b) may bring an action for dam-
ages in any court of competent jurisdiction. 
(B) DAMAGES.—A prevailing plaintiff in 
an action described in subparagraph (A) shall, 
for each violation, be awarded damages in an 
amount determined by the court, except that 
such amount— 
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(i) may not exceed 3 times the actual 
damages to the plaintiff; and 
(ii) may not be less than $10,000. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms ‘‘mem-
ber of the immediate family’’ and ‘‘personally identifiable 
information’’ have the meaning given such terms in sec-
tion 303A of the Help America Vote Act of 2002. 
(d) SEVERABILITY.—If any provision of this section, 
or the application of a provision of this section to any per-
son or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the 
remainder of this section, and the application of the provi-
sions of this section to any person or circumstance, shall 
not be affected by the holding. 
TITLE XVII—CYBERSECURITY 
GUIDANCE FOR CAMPAIGNS 
SEC. 1701. ISSUANCE OF CYBERSECURITY GUIDANCE AND 
BEST PRACTICES FOR CAMPAIGNS BY FED-
ERAL ELECTION COMMISSION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 311 of the Federal Elec-
tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30111) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(g) ISSUANCE OF CYBERSECURITY GUIDANCE AND 
BEST PRACTICES.— 
‘‘(1) ISSUANCE.—In consultation with the Di-
rectory of the National Institute of Standards and 
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Technology, the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
Infrastructure Security Agency of the Department of 
Homeland Security, and such other offices of the 
government as the Commission considers appro-
priate, the Commission shall issue— 
‘‘(A) guidance for political committees and 
vendors 
on 
cybersecurity 
risks, 
including 
threats to the databases of such committees; 
and 
‘‘(B) best practices for political committees 
to protect their databases from such threats. 
‘‘(2) UPDATES.—The Commission shall regu-
larly issue updated versions of the guidance and best 
practices described in paragraph (1).’’. 
(b) DEADLINE.—The Federal Election Commission 
shall issue the first guidance and best practices under sec-
tion 311(g) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971, as added by subsection (a), not later than 6 months 
after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
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TITLE 
XVIII—DETERMINATION 
OF NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 
WITH SECURITY CLEARANCES 
SEC. 1801. EXCLUSION OF EMPLOYEES WITH EXISTING SE-
CURITY 
CLEARANCES 
FROM 
DETERMINA-
TION OF LIMIT ON NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 
OF HOUSE MEMBER OFFICES PERMITTED TO 
HAVE CLEARANCES. 
For purposes of any Rule or regulation of the House 
of Representatives which limits the number of employees 
of the office of a Member of the House (including a Dele-
gate or Resident Commissioner to the Congress) who are 
permitted to have security clearances, an employee of the 
office who has a valid security clearance which the em-
ployee obtained prior to becoming an employee of the 
Member’s office shall not be included in the determination 
of the number of employees of the office who have security 
clearances. 
SEC. 1802. EXERCISE OF RULEMAKING AUTHORITY. 
This title is enacted by Congress— 
(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of 
the House of Representatives, and as such it is 
deemed a part of the rules of the House of Rep-
resentatives, and it supersedes other rules only to 
the extent that it is inconsistent with such rules; and 
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(2) with full recognition of the constitutional 
right of the House of Representatives to change the 
rules (so far as relating to the procedure of the 
House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the 
same extent as in the case of any other rule of the 
House. 
TITLE XIX—HONEST ADS 
SEC. 1901. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Honest Ads Act’’. 
SEC. 1902. PURPOSE. 
The purpose of this title is to enhance the integrity 
of American democracy and national security by improving 
disclosure requirements for online political advertisements 
in order to uphold the Supreme Court’s well-established 
standard that the electorate bears the right to be fully in-
formed. 
SEC. 1903. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the dramatic increase in digital political ad-
vertisements, and the growing centrality of online 
platforms in the lives of Americans, requires the 
Congress and the Federal Election Commission to 
take meaningful action to ensure that laws and reg-
ulations provide the accountability and transparency 
that is fundamental to our democracy; 
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(2) free and fair elections require both trans-
parency and accountability which give the public a 
right to know the true sources of funding for polit-
ical advertisements in order to make informed polit-
ical choices and hold elected officials accountable; 
and 
(3) transparency of funding for political adver-
tisements is essential to enforce other campaign fi-
nance laws, including the prohibition on campaign 
spending by foreign nationals. 
SEC. 1904. EXPANSION OF DEFINITION OF PUBLIC COMMU-
NICATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Paragraph (22) of section 301 of 
the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 
30101(22)) is amended by striking ‘‘or satellite commu-
nication’’ and inserting ‘‘satellite, paid internet, or paid 
digital communication’’. 
(b) TREATMENT OF CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDI-
TURES.—Section 301 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30101) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (8)(B)(v), by striking ‘‘on 
broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, 
or similar types of general public political adver-
tising’’ and inserting ‘‘in any public communica-
tion’’; and 
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(2) in paragraph (9)(B)— 
(A) by amending clause (i) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(i) any news story, commentary, or 
editorial distributed through the facilities 
of any broadcasting station or any print, 
online, or digital newspaper, magazine, 
blog, publication, or periodical, unless such 
broadcasting, print, online, or digital facili-
ties are owned or controlled by any polit-
ical party, political committee, or can-
didate;’’; and 
(B) in clause (iv), by striking ‘‘on broad-
casting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, 
or similar types of general public political ad-
vertising’’ and inserting ‘‘in any public commu-
nication’’. 
(c) DISCLOSURE AND DISCLAIMER STATEMENTS.— 
Subsection (a) of section 318 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
30120) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘financing any communication 
through any broadcasting station, newspaper, maga-
zine, outdoor advertising facility, mailing, or any 
other type of general public political advertising’’ 
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and inserting ‘‘financing any public communication’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘solicits any contribution 
through any broadcasting station, newspaper, maga-
zine, outdoor advertising facility, mailing, or any 
other type of general public political advertising’’ 
and inserting ‘‘solicits any contribution through any 
public communication’’. 
SEC. 1905. EXPANSION OF DEFINITION OF ELECTION-
EERING COMMUNICATION. 
(a) EXPANSION TO ONLINE COMMUNICATIONS.— 
(1) APPLICATION TO QUALIFIED INTERNET AND 
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subparagraph (A) of 
section 304(f)(3) of the Federal Election Cam-
paign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104(f)(3)(A)) 
is amended by striking ‘‘or satellite communica-
tion’’ each place it appears in clauses (i) and 
(ii) and inserting ‘‘satellite, or qualified internet 
or digital communication’’. 
(B) QUALIFIED
INTERNET
OR
DIGITAL 
COMMUNICATION.—Paragraph (3) of section 
304(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30104(f)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
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‘‘(D) QUALIFIED
INTERNET
OR
DIGITAL 
COMMUNICATION.—The term ‘qualified internet 
or digital communication’ means any commu-
nication which is placed or promoted for a fee 
on an online platform (as defined in subsection 
(k)(3)).’’. 
(2) NONAPPLICATION
OF
RELEVANT
ELEC-
TORATE
TO
ONLINE
COMMUNICATIONS.—Section 
304(f)(3)(A)(i)(III) 
of 
such 
Act 
(52 
U.S.C. 
30104(f)(3)(A)(i)(III)) is amended by inserting ‘‘any 
broadcast, cable, or satellite’’ before ‘‘communica-
tion’’. 
(3) 
NEWS
EXEMPTION.—Section 
304(f)(3)(B)(i) 
of 
such 
Act 
(52 
U.S.C. 
30104(f)(3)(B)(i)) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(i) a communication appearing in a 
news story, commentary, or editorial dis-
tributed through the facilities of any 
broadcasting station or any online or dig-
ital newspaper, magazine, blog, publica-
tion, or periodical, unless such broad-
casting, online, or digital facilities are 
owned or controlled by any political party, 
political committee, or candidate;’’. 
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(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
this section shall apply with respect to communications 
made on or after January 1, 2022. 
SEC. 1906. APPLICATION OF DISCLAIMER STATEMENTS TO 
ONLINE COMMUNICATIONS. 
(a) CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER REQUIRE-
MENT.—Subsection (a) of section 318 of the Federal Elec-
tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30120(a)) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘shall clearly state’’ each place 
it appears in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) and in-
serting ‘‘shall state in a clear and conspicuous man-
ner’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following flush 
sentence: ‘‘For purposes of this section, a commu-
nication does not make a statement in a clear and 
conspicuous manner if it is difficult to read or hear 
or if the placement is easily overlooked.’’. 
(b) SPECIAL RULES FOR QUALIFIED INTERNET OR 
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 318 of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 30120) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection: 
‘‘(e) SPECIAL RULES FOR QUALIFIED INTERNET OR 
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS.— 
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‘‘(1) SPECIAL RULES WITH RESPECT TO STATE-
MENTS.—In the case of any qualified internet or 
digital 
communication 
(as 
defined 
in 
section 
304(f)(3)(D)) which is disseminated through a me-
dium in which the provision of all of the information 
specified in this section is not possible, the commu-
nication shall, in a clear and conspicuous manner— 
‘‘(A) state the name of the person who 
paid for the communication; and 
‘‘(B) provide a means for the recipient of 
the communication to obtain the remainder of 
the information required under this section with 
minimal effort and without receiving or viewing 
any additional material other than such re-
quired information. 
‘‘(2) SAFE HARBOR FOR DETERMINING CLEAR 
AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER.—A statement in quali-
fied internet or digital communication (as defined in 
section 304(f)(3)(D)) shall be considered to be made 
in a clear and conspicuous manner as provided in 
subsection (a) if the communication meets the fol-
lowing requirements: 
‘‘(A) TEXT
OR
GRAPHIC
COMMUNICA-
TIONS.—In the case of a text or graphic com-
munication, the statement— 
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‘‘(i) appears in letters at least as large 
as the majority of the text in the commu-
nication; and 
‘‘(ii) meets the requirements of para-
graphs (2) and (3) of subsection (c). 
‘‘(B) AUDIO
COMMUNICATIONS.—In the 
case of an audio communication, the statement 
is spoken in a clearly audible and intelligible 
manner at the beginning or end of the commu-
nication and lasts at least 3 seconds. 
‘‘(C) VIDEO
COMMUNICATIONS.—In the 
case of a video communication which also in-
cludes audio, the statement— 
‘‘(i) is included at either the beginning 
or the end of the communication; and 
‘‘(ii) is made both in— 
‘‘(I) a written format that meets 
the requirements of subparagraph (A) 
and appears for at least 4 seconds; 
and 
‘‘(II) an audible format that 
meets the requirements of subpara-
graph (B). 
‘‘(D) OTHER
COMMUNICATIONS.—In the 
case of any other type of communication, the 
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statement is at least as clear and conspicuous 
as the statement specified in subparagraph (A), 
(B), or (C).’’. 
(2) NONAPPLICATION
OF
CERTAIN
EXCEP-
TIONS.—The 
exceptions 
provided 
in 
section 
110.11(f)(1)(i) and (ii) of title 11, Code of Federal 
Regulations, or any successor to such rules, shall 
have no application to qualified internet or digital 
communications (as defined in section 304(f)(3)(D) 
of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971). 
(c) MODIFICATION OF ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 
FOR CERTAIN COMMUNICATIONS.—Section 318(d) of such 
Act (52 U.S.C. 30120(d)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)(A)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘which is transmitted 
through radio’’ and inserting ‘‘which is in an 
audio format’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘BY RADIO’’ in the heading 
and inserting ‘‘AUDIO FORMAT’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1)(B)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘which is transmitted 
through television’’ and inserting ‘‘which is in 
video format’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘BY TELEVISION’’ in the 
heading and inserting ‘‘VIDEO FORMAT’’; and 
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(3) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘transmitted through radio 
or television’’ and inserting ‘‘made in audio or 
video format’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘through television’’ in the 
second sentence and inserting ‘‘in video for-
mat’’. 
SEC. 1907. POLITICAL RECORD REQUIREMENTS FOR ON-
LINE PLATFORMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 304 of the Federal Elec-
tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104), as amend-
ed by section 1301(a)(1), is further amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(k) DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN ONLINE ADVERTISE-
MENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) REQUIREMENTS FOR ONLINE PLAT-
FORMS.—An online platform shall maintain, 
and make available for online public inspection 
in machine readable format, a complete record 
of any request to purchase on such online plat-
form a qualified political advertisement which is 
made by a person whose aggregate requests to 
purchase qualified political advertisements on 
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such online platform during the calendar year 
exceeds $500. 
‘‘(B) 
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
ADVER-
TISERS.—Any person who requests to purchase 
a qualified political advertisement on an online 
platform shall provide the online platform with 
such information as is necessary for the online 
platform to comply with the requirements of 
subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS OF RECORD.—A record main-
tained under paragraph (1)(A) shall contain— 
‘‘(A) a digital copy of the qualified political 
advertisement; 
‘‘(B) a description of the audience targeted 
by the advertisement, the number of views gen-
erated from the advertisement, and the date 
and time that the advertisement is first dis-
played and last displayed; and 
‘‘(C) information regarding— 
‘‘(i) the average rate charged for the 
advertisement; 
‘‘(ii) the name of the candidate to 
which the advertisement refers and the of-
fice to which the candidate is seeking elec-
tion, the election to which the advertise-
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ment refers, or the national legislative 
issue to which the advertisement refers (as 
applicable); 
‘‘(iii) in the case of a request made 
by, or on behalf of, a candidate, the name 
of the candidate, the authorized committee 
of the candidate, and the treasurer of such 
committee; and 
‘‘(iv) in the case of any request not 
described in clause (iii), the name of the 
person purchasing the advertisement, the 
name and address of a contact person for 
such person, and a list of the chief execu-
tive officers or members of the executive 
committee or of the board of directors of 
such person, and, if the person purchasing 
the advertisement is acting as the agent of 
a foreign principal under the Foreign 
Agents Registration Act of 1938, as 
amended (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.), a state-
ment that the person is acting as the agent 
of a foreign principal and the identification 
of the foreign principal involved. 
‘‘(3) ONLINE PLATFORM.—For purposes of this 
subsection, the term ‘online platform’ means any 
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public-facing website, web application, or digital ap-
plication (including a social network, ad network, or 
search engine) which— 
‘‘(A) sells qualified political advertise-
ments; and 
‘‘(B) has 50,000,000 or more unique 
monthly United States visitors or users for a 
majority of months during the preceding 12 
months. 
‘‘(4) QUALIFIED POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT.— 
For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘qualified 
political advertisement’ means any advertisement 
(including search engine marketing, display adver-
tisements, video advertisements, native advertise-
ments, and sponsorships) that— 
‘‘(A) is made by or on behalf of a can-
didate; or 
‘‘(B) communicates a message relating to 
any political matter of national importance, in-
cluding— 
‘‘(i) a candidate; 
‘‘(ii) any election to Federal office; or 
‘‘(iii) a national legislative issue of 
public importance. 
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‘‘(5) TIME TO MAINTAIN FILE.—The informa-
tion required under this subsection shall be made 
available as soon as possible and shall be retained by 
the online platform for a period of not less than 4 
years. 
‘‘(6) SAFE HARBOR FOR PLATFORMS MAKING 
BEST EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY REQUESTS WHICH ARE 
SUBJECT
TO
RECORD
MAINTENANCE
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—In accordance with rules established by the 
Commission, if an online platform shows that the 
platform used best efforts to determine whether or 
not a request to purchase a qualified political adver-
tisement was subject to the requirements of this sub-
section, the online platform shall not be considered 
to be in violation of such requirements. 
‘‘(7) PENALTIES.—For penalties for failure by 
online platforms, and persons requesting to purchase 
a qualified political advertisement on online plat-
forms, to comply with the requirements of this sub-
section, see section 309.’’. 
(b) RULEMAKING.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal Election 
Commission shall establish rules— 
(1) requiring common data formats for the 
record required to be maintained under section 
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304(k) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971 (as added by subsection (a)) so that all online 
platforms submit and maintain data online in a com-
mon, machine-readable and publicly accessible for-
mat; 
(2) establishing search interface requirements 
relating to such record, including searches by can-
didate name, issue, purchaser, and date; and 
(3) establishing the criteria for the safe harbor 
exception provided under paragraph (6) of section 
304(k) of such Act (as added by subsection (a)). 
(c) REPORTING.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and biannually there-
after, the Chairman of the Federal Election Commission 
shall submit a report to Congress on— 
(1) matters relating to compliance with and the 
enforcement of the requirements of section 304(k) of 
the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as 
added by subsection (a); 
(2) recommendations for any modifications to 
such section to assist in carrying out its purposes; 
and 
(3) identifying ways to bring transparency and 
accountability to political advertisements distributed 
online for free. 
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SEC. 1908. PREVENTING CONTRIBUTIONS, EXPENDITURES, 
INDEPENDENT 
EXPENDITURES, 
AND 
DIS-
BURSEMENTS FOR ELECTIONEERING COM-
MUNICATIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS IN 
THE FORM OF ONLINE ADVERTISING. 
Section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act 
of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121), as amended by section 
1401(a), is further amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(d) RESPONSIBILITIES OF BROADCAST STATIONS, 
PROVIDERS OF CABLE AND SATELLITE TELEVISION, AND 
ONLINE PLATFORMS.— 
‘‘(1) RESPONSIBILITIES DESCRIBED.—Each tel-
evision or radio broadcast station, provider of cable 
or satellite television, or online platform (as defined 
in section 304(k)(3)) shall make reasonable efforts 
to ensure that communications described in section 
318(a) and made available by such station, provider, 
or platform are not purchased by a foreign national, 
directly or indirectly. For purposes of the previous 
sentence, a station, provider, or online platform shall 
not be considered to have made reasonable efforts 
under this paragraph in the case of the availability 
of a communication unless the station, provider, or 
online platform directly inquires from the individual 
or entity making such purchase whether the pur-
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chase is to be made by a foreign national, directly 
or indirectly. 
‘‘(2) SPECIAL RULES FOR DISBURSEMENT PAID 
WITH
CREDIT
CARD.—For purposes of paragraph 
(1), a television or radio broadcast station, provider 
of cable or satellite television, or online platform 
shall be considered to have made reasonable efforts 
under such paragraph in the case of a purchase of 
the availability of a communication which is made 
with a credit card if— 
‘‘(A) the individual or entity making such 
purchase is required, at the time of making 
such purchase, to disclose the credit verification 
value of such credit card; and 
‘‘(B) the billing address associated with 
such credit card is located in the United States 
or, in the case of a purchase made by an indi-
vidual who is a United States citizen living out-
side of the United States, the individual pro-
vides the television or radio broadcast station, 
provider of cable or satellite television, or online 
platform with the United States mailing ad-
dress the individual uses for voter registration 
purposes.’’. 
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SEC. 1909. INDEPENDENT STUDY ON MEDIA LITERACY AND 
ONLINE POLITICAL CONTENT CONSUMPTION. 
(a) INDEPENDENT STUDY.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Federal Elec-
tion Commission shall commission an independent study 
and report on media literacy with respect to online polit-
ical content consumption among voting-age Americans. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study and report under sub-
section (a) shall include the following: 
(1) An evaluation of media literacy skills, such 
as the ability to evaluate sources, synthesize multiple 
accounts into a coherent understanding of an issue, 
understand the context of communications, and re-
sponsibly create and share information, among vot-
ing-age Americans. 
(2) An analysis of the effects of media literacy 
education and particular media literacy skills on the 
ability to critically consume online political content, 
including political advertising. 
(3) Recommendations for improving voting-age 
Americans’ ability to critically consume online polit-
ical content, including political advertising. 
(c) DEADLINE.—Not later than 270 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the entity conducting the 
study and report under subsection (a) shall submit the re-
port to the Commission. 
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(d) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 30 
days after receiving the report under subsection (c), the 
Commission shall submit the report to the Committee on 
House Administration of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the 
Senate, together with such comments on the report as the 
Commission considers appropriate. 
(e) DEFINITION OF MEDIA LITERACY.—The term 
‘‘media literacy’’ means the ability to— 
(1) access relevant and accurate information 
through media; 
(2) critically analyze media content and the in-
fluences of media; 
(3) evaluate the comprehensiveness, relevance, 
credibility, authority, and accuracy of information; 
(4) make educated decisions based on informa-
tion obtained from media and digital sources; 
(5) operate various forms of technology and 
digital tools; and 
(6) reflect on how the use of media and tech-
nology may affect private and public life. 
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TITLE XX—PROHIBITING USE OF 
DEEPFAKES 
IN 
ELECTION 
CAMPAIGNS 
SEC. 2001. PROHIBITION ON DISTRIBUTION OF MATERI-
ALLY DECEPTIVE AUDIO OR VISUAL MEDIA 
PRIOR TO ELECTION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Federal Election 
Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 325. PROHIBITION ON DISTRIBUTION OF MATERI-
ALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA PRIOR TO ELEC-
TION. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub-
sections (b) and (c), a person, political committee, or other 
entity shall not, within 60 days of a election for Federal 
office at which a candidate for elective office will appear 
on the ballot, distribute, with actual malice, materially de-
ceptive audio or visual media of the candidate with the 
intent to injure the candidate’s reputation or to deceive 
a voter into voting for or against the candidate. 
‘‘(b) EXCEPTION.— 
‘‘(1) REQUIRED
LANGUAGE.—The prohibition 
in subsection (a) does not apply if the audio or vis-
ual media includes— 
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‘‘(A) 
a 
disclosure 
stating: 
‘‘This 
lllll has been manipulated.’’; and 
‘‘(B) filled in the blank in the disclosure 
under subparagraph (A), the term ‘image’, 
‘video’, or ‘audio’, as most accurately describes 
the media. 
‘‘(2) VISUAL
MEDIA.—For visual media, the 
text of the disclosure shall appear in a size that is 
easily readable by the average viewer and no smaller 
than the largest font size of other text appearing in 
the visual media. If the visual media does not in-
clude any other text, the disclosure shall appear in 
a size that is easily readable by the average viewer. 
For visual media that is video, the disclosure shall 
appear for the duration of the video. 
‘‘(3) AUDIO-ONLY MEDIA.—If the media con-
sists of audio only, the disclosure shall be read in a 
clearly spoken manner and in a pitch that can be 
easily heard by the average listener, at the beginning 
of the audio, at the end of the audio, and, if the 
audio is greater than 2 minutes in length, inter-
spersed within the audio at intervals of not greater 
than 2 minutes each. 
‘‘(c) INAPPLICABILITY TO CERTAIN ENTITIES.—This 
section does not apply to the following: 
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‘‘(1) A radio or television broadcasting station, 
including a cable or satellite television operator, pro-
grammer, or producer, that broadcasts materially 
deceptive audio or visual media prohibited by this 
section as part of a bona fide newscast, news inter-
view, news documentary, or on-the-spot coverage of 
bona fide news events, if the broadcast clearly ac-
knowledges through content or a disclosure, in a 
manner that can be easily heard or read by the aver-
age listener or viewer, that there are questions about 
the authenticity of the materially deceptive audio or 
visual media. 
‘‘(2) A radio or television broadcasting station, 
including a cable or satellite television operator, pro-
grammer, or producer, when it is paid to broadcast 
materially deceptive audio or visual media. 
‘‘(3) An internet website, or a regularly pub-
lished newspaper, magazine, or other periodical of 
general circulation, including an internet or elec-
tronic publication, that routinely carries news and 
commentary of general interest, and that publishes 
materially deceptive audio or visual media prohibited 
by this section, if the publication clearly states that 
the materially deceptive audio or visual media does 
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not accurately represent the speech or conduct of the 
candidate. 
‘‘(4) Materially deceptive audio or visual media 
that constitutes satire or parody. 
‘‘(d) CIVIL ACTION.— 
‘‘(1) INJUNCTIVE
OR
OTHER
EQUITABLE
RE-
LIEF.—A candidate for elective office whose voice or 
likeness appears in a materially deceptive audio or 
visual media distributed in violation of this section 
may seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohib-
iting the distribution of audio or visual media in vio-
lation of this section. An action under this para-
graph shall be entitled to precedence in accordance 
with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 
‘‘(2) DAMAGES.—A candidate for elective office 
whose voice or likeness appears in a materially de-
ceptive audio or visual media distributed in violation 
of this section may bring an action for general or 
special damages against the person, committee, or 
other entity that distributed the materially deceptive 
audio or visual media. The court may also award a 
prevailing party reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. 
This paragraph shall not be construed to limit or 
preclude a plaintiff from securing or recovering any 
other available remedy. 
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‘‘(3) BURDEN OF PROOF.—In any civil action 
alleging a violation of this section, the plaintiff shall 
bear the burden of establishing the violation through 
clear and convincing evidence. 
‘‘(e) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—This section shall 
not be construed to alter or negate any rights, obligations, 
or immunities of an interactive service provider under sec-
tion 230 of title 47, United States Code. 
‘‘(f) MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE AUDIO
OR VISUAL 
MEDIA DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘materially 
deceptive audio or visual media’ means an image or an 
audio or video recording of a candidate’s appearance, 
speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated 
in a manner such that both of the following conditions 
are met: 
‘‘(1) The image or audio or video recording 
would falsely appear to a reasonable person to be 
authentic. 
‘‘(2) The image or audio or video recording 
would cause a reasonable person to have a fun-
damentally different understanding or impression of 
the expressive content of the image or audio or video 
recording than that person would have if the person 
were hearing or seeing the unaltered, original 
version of the image or audio or video recording.’’. 
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(b) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.—Section 309(d)(1) of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 
30109(d)(1)), as amended by section 1303, is further 
amended by adding at the end the following new subpara-
graph: 
‘‘(G) Any person who knowingly and willfully com-
mits a violation of section 325 shall be fined not more 
than $100,000, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or 
both.’’. 
(c) EFFECT
ON DEFAMATION ACTION.—For pur-
poses of an action for defamation, a violation of section 
325 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as 
added by subsection (a), shall constitute defamation per 
se. 
TITLE 
XXI—ASSISTANCE 
FOR 
TRANSITION 
TO 
RANKED 
CHOICE VOTING 
SEC. 2101. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Voter Choice Act’’. 
SEC. 2102. ASSISTANCE FOR TRANSITION TO RANKED 
CHOICE VOTING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title V of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21121 et seq.) is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
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‘‘Subtitle B—Ranked Choice Voting 
Program 
‘‘SEC. 511. RANKED CHOICE VOTING PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITION OF RANKED CHOICE VOTING SYS-
TEM.—For purposes of this subtitle, the term ‘ranked 
choice voting system’ means a set of election methods 
which allow each voter to rank contest options in order 
of the voter’s preference, in which votes are counted in 
rounds using a series of runoff tabulations to defeat con-
test options with the fewest votes, and which elects a win-
ner with a majority of final round votes in a single-winner 
contest and provides proportional representation in multi- 
winner contests. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—The Commission shall establish a 
program under which the Commission— 
‘‘(1) provides technical assistance to State and 
local governments that are considering whether to 
make, or that are in the process of making, a transi-
tion to a ranked choice voting system for Federal, 
State, or local elections; and 
‘‘(2) awards grants to States and local govern-
ment to support the transition to a ranked choice 
voting system, including through the acquisition of 
voting equipment and tabulation software, appro-
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priate ballot design, the development and publication 
of educational materials, and voter outreach. 
‘‘(c) RULES FOR GRANTS.— 
‘‘(1) SELECTION OF GRANT RECIPIENTS.—To 
the extent possible, the Commission shall award 
grants under subsection (b)(2) to areas that rep-
resent a diversity of jurisdictions with respect to ge-
ography, population characteristics, and population 
density. 
‘‘(2) AWARD LIMITATION.—The amount of any 
grant awarded under subsection (b)(2) shall not ex-
ceed 50 percent of the cost of the activities covered 
by the grant. 
‘‘SEC. 512. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In addition to any funds author-
ized to be appropriated to the Commission under section 
210, there are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this subtitle $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 
‘‘(b) AVAILABILITY
OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization under this section 
shall remain available, without fiscal year limitation, until 
expended.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) Section 202(6) of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20922) is amended by strik-
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ing ‘‘the Help America Vote College Program under 
title V’’ and inserting ‘‘the programs under title V’’. 
(2) Title V of the Help America Vote Act of 
2002 (52 U.S.C. 21121 et seq.) is amended by strik-
ing the matter preceding section 501 and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘TITLE V—ELECTION 
ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS 
‘‘Subtitle A—Help America Vote 
College Program’’. 
(3) Section 503 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21123) 
is amended by striking ‘‘title’’ and inserting ‘‘sub-
title’’. 
(4) The table of sections of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2002 is amended— 
(A) by striking the item relating to title V 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘TITLE V—ELECTION ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS 
‘‘Subtitle A—Help America Vote College Program’’; 
and 
(B) by inserting after the item relating to 
section 503 the following: 
‘‘Subtitle B—Ranked Choice Voting Program 
‘‘Sec. 511. Ranked choice voting program. 
‘‘Sec. 512. Authorization of appropriations.’’. 
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DIVISION D—SEVERABILITY 
TITLE XXII—SEVERABILITY 
SEC. 2201. SEVERABILITY. 
If any provision of this Act or any amendment made 
by this Act, or the application of a provision of this Act 
or an amendment made by this Act to any person or cir-
cumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder 
of this Act, and the application of the provisions to any 
person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the hold-
ing. 
SEC. 2202. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FEDERAL PROPERTY 
FOR POLITICAL CONVENTIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 29 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 611 the 
following: 
‘‘§ 612. Prohibition on use of Federal property for 
certain political activities 
‘‘(a) A convention of a national political party held 
to nominate a candidate for the office of President or Vice 
President may not be held on or in any Federal property. 
‘‘(b) Any candidate or the authorized committee of 
the candidate under the Federal Election Campaign Act 
of 1971 which was responsible for a convention in violation 
of subsection (a) shall be subject to an assessment of a 
civil penalty equal to the fair market value of the cost of 
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the convention or $50,000, whichever is greater, or impris-
oned not more than five years, or both. 
‘‘(c) In this section, the term ‘Federal property’ 
means any building, land, or other real property owned, 
leased, or occupied by any department, agency, or instru-
mentality of the United States, including the White House 
grounds and the White House (including the Old Execu-
tive Office Building, the West Wing, the East Wing, the 
Rose Garden, and the Executive Residence, but not includ-
ing the second floor of the Executive Residence).’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 611 the following: 
‘‘612. Prohibition on use of Federal property for certain political activities.’’. 
(c) APPLICATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—This Act and the amend-
ments made by this Act shall apply to any conven-
tion described in section 612(a) of title 18, United 
States Code, as added by subsection (a), occurring 
on or after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(2) TRAVEL.—Nothing in this Act or the 
amendments made by this Act shall be construed to 
limit or otherwise prevent the President or Vice 
President from using vehicles (including aircraft) 
owned or leased by the Government for travel to or 
from any such convention. 
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SEC. 2203. IMPROVING ACCESS TO INFLUENTIAL VISITOR 
ACCESS RECORDS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) COVERED LOCATION.—The term ‘‘covered 
location’’ means— 
(A) the White House; 
(B) the residence of the Vice President; 
and 
(C) any other location at which the Presi-
dent or the Vice President regularly conducts 
official business. 
(2) COVERED
RECORDS.—The term ‘‘covered 
records’’ means information relating to a visit at a 
covered location, which shall include— 
(A) the name of each visitor at the covered 
location; 
(B) the name of each individual with whom 
each visitor described in subparagraph (A) met 
at the covered location; and 
(C) the purpose of the visit. 
(b) REQUIREMENT.—Except as provided in sub-
section (c), not later than 90 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the President shall establish and update, 
every 90 days thereafter, a publicly available database that 
contains covered records for the preceding 90-day period, 
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on a publicly available website in an easily searchable and 
downloadable format. 
(c) EXCEPTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall not in-
clude in the database established under subsection 
(b) any covered record— 
(A) the posting of which would implicate 
personal privacy or law enforcement concerns or 
threaten national security; 
(B) relating to a purely personal guest at 
a covered location; or 
(C) that reveals the social security number, 
taxpayer identification number, birth date, 
home address, or personal phone number of an 
individual, the name of an individual who is less 
than 18 years old, or a financial account num-
ber. 
(2) SENSITIVE MEETINGS.—With respect to a 
particularly sensitive meeting at a covered location, 
the President shall— 
(A) include the number of visitors at the 
covered location in the database established 
under subsection (b); 
(B) post the applicable covered records in 
the database established under subsection (b) 
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when the President determines that release of 
the covered records is no longer sensitive; and 
(C) post any reasonably segregable portion 
that is not covered by an exception described in 
subsection (c) of any such excepted record on 
the website described under subsection (b). 
TITLE XXIII—PREVENTING A 
PATRONAGE SYSTEM 
SEC. 2301. LIMITATIONS ON EXCEPTION OF COMPETITIVE 
SERVICE POSITIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—No position in the competitive 
service (as defined under section 2102 of title 5, United 
States Code) may be excepted from the competitive service 
unless such position is placed— 
(1) in any of the schedules A through E as de-
scribed in section 6.2 of title 5, Code of Federal 
Regulations, as in effect on September 30, 2020; 
and 
(2) under the terms and conditions under part 
6 of such title as in effect on such date. 
(b) SUBSEQUENT TRANSFERS.—No position in the 
excepted service (as defined under section 2103 of title 
5, United States Code) may be placed in any schedule 
other than a schedule described in subsection (a)(1). 
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