tween the two countries, devoted to strength-
ening the mutual security, stability, and pros-
perity of both countries; 
(B) to support the people of Pakistan and 
their democratic government in their efforts to 
consolidate democracy, including strengthening 
Pakistan’s parliament, helping Pakistan rees-
tablish an independent and transparent judicial 
system, and working to extend the rule of law 
in all areas in Pakistan; 
(C) to promote sustainable long-term de-
velopment and infrastructure projects, including 
in healthcare, education, water management, 
and energy programs, in all areas of Pakistan, 
that are sustained and supported by each suc-
cessive democratic government in Pakistan; 
(D) to ensure that all the people of Paki-
stan, including those living in areas governed by 
the Frontier Crimes Regulation, have access to 
public, modernized education and vocational 
training to enable them to provide for them-
selves, for their families, and for a more pros-
perous future for their children; 
(E) to support the strengthening of core 
curricula and the quality of schools across Paki-
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stan, including madrassas, in order to improve 
the prospects for Pakistani children’s futures 
and eliminate incitements to violence and intol-
erance; 
(F) to encourage and promote public-pri-
vate partnerships in Pakistan in order to bol-
ster ongoing development efforts and strength-
en economic prospects, especially with respect 
to opportunities to build civic responsibility and 
professional skills of the people of Pakistan, in-
cluding support for institutions of higher learn-
ing with international accreditation; 
(G) to expand people-to-people engagement 
between the two countries, through increased 
educational, technical, and cultural exchanges 
and other methods; 
(H) to encourage the development of local 
analytical capacity to measure program effec-
tiveness and progress on an integrated basis, 
especially across the areas of United States as-
sistance and payments to Pakistan, and in-
crease accountability for how such assistance 
and payments are being spent; 
(I) to assist Pakistan’s efforts to improve 
counterterrorism 
financing 
and 
anti-money 
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laundering regulatory structure in order to 
achieve international standards and encourage 
Pakistan to apply for ‘‘Financial Action Task 
Force’’ observer status and adhere to the 
United Nations International Convention for 
the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism; 
(J) to strengthen Pakistan’s counterinsur-
gency and counterterrorism strategy to help 
prevent any territory of Pakistan from being 
used as a base or conduit for terrorist attacks 
in Pakistan or elsewhere; 
(K) to strengthen Pakistan’s efforts to de-
velop strong and effective law enforcement and 
national defense forces under civilian leader-
ship; 
(L) to achieve full cooperation in matters 
of counter-proliferation of nuclear materials and 
related networks; 
(M) to strengthen Pakistan’s efforts to 
gain control of its under-governed areas and ad-
dress the threat posed by any person or group 
that conducts violence, sabotage, or other ter-
rorist activities in Pakistan or its neighboring 
countries; and 
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(N) to explore means to consult with and 
utilize the relevant expertise and skills of the 
Pakistani-American community. 
TITLE 
I—DEMOCRATIC, 
ECO-
NOMIC, AND DEVELOPMENT 
ASSISTANCE FOR PAKISTAN 
SEC. 101. AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized to 
provide assistance to Pakistan— 
(1) to support the consolidation of democratic 
institutions; 
(2) to support the expansion of rule of law, 
build the capacity of government institutions, and 
promote 
respect 
for 
internationally 
recognized 
human rights; 
(3) to promote economic freedoms and sustain-
able economic development; 
(4) to support investment in people, including 
those displaced in on-going counterinsurgency oper-
ations; and 
(5) to strengthen public diplomacy. 
(b) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Activities that may be 
supported by assistance under subsection (a) include the 
following: 
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(1) To support democratic institutions in Paki-
stan in order to strengthen civilian rule and long- 
term stability, including assistance such as— 
(A) support for efforts to strengthen Paki-
stan’s institutions, including the capacity of the 
National Parliament of Pakistan, such as en-
hancing the capacity of committees to oversee 
government activities, including national secu-
rity issues, enhancing the ability of members of 
parliament to respond to constituents, and sup-
porting of parliamentary leadership; 
(B) support for voter education and civil 
society training as well as appropriate support 
for political party capacity building and respon-
siveness to the needs of all the people of Paki-
stan; and 
(C) support for strengthening the capacity 
of the civilian Government of Pakistan to carry 
out its responsibilities at the national, provin-
cial, and local levels. 
(2) To support Pakistan’s efforts to expand 
rule of law, build the capacity, transparency, and 
trust in government institutions, and promote inter-
nationally recognized human rights, including assist-
ance such as— 
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(A) supporting the establishment of frame-
works that promote government transparency 
and criminalize corruption in both the govern-
ment and private sector; 
(B) support for police professionalization, 
including training regarding use of force, 
human rights, and community policing; 
(C) support for independent, efficient, and 
effective judicial and criminal justice systems, 
such as case management, training, and efforts 
to enhance the rule of law to all areas in Paki-
stan; 
(D) support for the implementation of 
legal and political reforms in the FATA; 
(E) support to counter the narcotics trade; 
(F) support for internationally recognized 
human rights, including strengthening civil soci-
ety and nongovernmental organizations working 
in the area of internationally recognized human 
rights, as well as organizations that focus on 
protection of women and girls, promotion of 
freedom of religion and religious tolerance, and 
protection of ethnic or religious minorities; and 
(G) support for promotion of a responsible, 
capable, and independent media. 
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(3) To support economic freedom and economic 
development in Pakistan, including— 
(A) programs that support sustainable eco-
nomic growth, including in rural areas, and the 
sustainable management of natural resources 
through investments in water resource manage-
ment systems; 
(B) expansion of agricultural and rural de-
velopment, such as farm-to-market roads, sys-
tems to prevent spoilage and waste, and other 
small-scale infrastructure improvements; 
(C) investments in energy, including en-
ergy generation and cross-border infrastructure 
projects with Afghanistan; 
(D) employment generation, including in-
creasing investment in infrastructure projects, 
including construction of roads and the contin-
ued development of a national aviation industry 
and aviation infrastructure, as well as support 
for small and medium enterprises; 
(E) worker rights, including the right to 
form labor unions and legally enforce provisions 
safeguarding the rights of workers and local 
community stakeholders; 
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(F) access to microfinance for small busi-
ness establishment and income generation, par-
ticularly for women; and 
(G) countering radicalization by providing 
economic, social, educational, and vocational op-
portunities and life-skills training to at-risk 
youth. 
(4) To support investments in people, particu-
larly women and children, including— 
(A) promoting modern, public primary and 
secondary education and vocational and tech-
nical training, including programs to assist in 
the development of modern, nationwide school 
curriculums for public, private, and religious 
schools; support for the proper oversight of all 
educational 
institutions, 
including 
religious 
schools, as required by Pakistani law; initiatives 
to enhance access to education and vocational 
and technical training for women and girls and 
to increase women’s literacy, with a special em-
phasis on helping girls stay in school; and con-
struction and maintenance of libraries and pub-
lic schools; 
(B) programs relating to higher education 
to ensure a breadth and consistency of Paki-
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stani graduates, including through public-pri-
vate partnerships; 
(C) improving quality public health to 
eliminate diseases such as hepatitis and to re-
duce maternal and under-five mortality rates; 
(D) building capacity for nongovernmental 
and civil society organizations, particularly or-
ganizations with demonstrated experience in de-
livering services to the people of Pakistan, par-
ticularly to women, children, and other vulner-
able populations; and 
(E) support for refugees and internally dis-
placed persons and long-term development in 
regions of Pakistan where internal conflict has 
caused large-scale displacement. 
(5) To strengthen public diplomacy to combat 
militant extremism and promote a better under-
standing of the United States, including— 
(A) encouraging civil society, respected 
scholars, and other leaders to speak out against 
militancy and violence; and 
(B) expanded exchange activities under the 
Fulbright Program, the International Visitor 
Leadership Program, the Youth Exchange and 
Study Program, and related programs adminis-
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tered by the Department of State designed to 
promote mutual understanding and interfaith 
dialogue and expand sister institution programs 
between United States and Pakistani schools 
and universities. 
(c) ADDITIONAL AND RELATED ACTIVITIES.— 
(1) AVAILABILITY OF AMOUNTS FOR PAKISTANI 
POLICE
PROFESSIONALIZATION, 
EQUIPPING, 
AND 
TRAINING.—Not less than $150,000,000 of the 
amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2010 pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations under section 
102 should be made available for assistance to Paki-
stan under this section for police professionalization, 
equipping, and training. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF AMOUNTS FOR ADMINIS-
TRATIVE
EXPENSES.—Up to $10,000,000 of the 
amounts appropriated for each fiscal year pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations under section 
102 may be made available for administrative ex-
penses of civilian departments and agencies of the 
United States Government in connection with the 
provision of assistance under this section. Such 
amounts shall be in addition to amounts otherwise 
available for such purposes. 
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(3) UTILIZING
PAKISTANI
ORGANIZATIONS.— 
The President is encouraged, as appropriate, to uti-
lize Pakistani firms and community and local non-
governmental organizations in Pakistan, including 
through host country contracts, and to work with 
local leaders to provide assistance under this section. 
(4) USE OF DIRECT EXPENDITURES.—Amounts 
appropriated for each fiscal year pursuant to the au-
thorization of appropriations under section 102 or 
otherwise made available to carry out this section 
shall be utilized to the maximum extent possible as 
direct expenditures for projects and programs, sub-
ject to existing reporting and notification require-
ments. 
(5) CHIEF OF MISSION FUND.—Of the amounts 
appropriated for each fiscal year pursuant to the au-
thorization of appropriations under section 102, up 
to $5,000,000 may be used by the Secretary of State 
to establish a fund for use by the Chief of Mission 
in Pakistan to provide assistance to Pakistan under 
this title or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) to address urgent needs or op-
portunities, consistent with the purposes of this sec-
tion, or for purposes of humanitarian relief. The 
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