127 
Secretary in carrying out subsections (a) through 
(c). 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The steering committee 
shall be composed of the following members or their 
designees: 
(A) The Chief Management Officer. 
(B) The Chief Information Officer. 
(C) The Director of Cost Assessment and 
Program Evaluation. 
(D) The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering. 
(E) The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment. 
(F) The Director of Operational Test and 
Evaluation. 
(G) The Service Acquisition Executives. 
(H) The Director for Force Structure, Re-
sources, and Assessment of the Joint Staff. 
(I) The Director of the Defense Digital 
Service. 
(e) INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENTS.— 
(1) INITIAL ASSESSMENT.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Defense Innova-
tion Board, in consultation with the Defense 
Digital Service, shall conduct an independent
128 
assessment to identify recommended approaches 
for the implementation of subsections (a) 
through (c). 
(B) ELEMENTS.—The assessment under 
subparagraph (A) shall include the following: 
(i) A plan for the development and 
implementation of the capability required 
under subsection (a), including a plan for 
any procurement that may be required as 
part of such development and implementa-
tion. 
(ii) An independent cost assessment of 
the total estimated cost of developing and 
implementing the capability. 
(iii) An independent estimate of the 
schedule for the development and imple-
mentation of the capability, including a 
reasonable estimate of the dates on which 
the capability can be expected to achieve 
initial operational capability and full oper-
ational capability, respectively. 
(iv) A recommendation identifying the 
office or other organization of the Depart-
ment of Defense that would be most ap-
129 
propriate to manage and execute the capa-
bility. 
(C) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Defense Innovation Board, in consultation with 
the Defense Digital Service, shall submit to the 
Secretary of Defense and the congressional de-
fense committees a report on the findings of the 
assessment under subparagraph (A), including 
the findings of the assessment with respect to 
each element specified in subparagraph (B). 
(2) FINAL ASSESSMENT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 
15, 2022, the Defense Innovation Board and 
the Defense Science Board shall jointly com-
plete an independent assessment of the progress 
of the Secretary in implementing subsections 
(a) through (c). The Secretary of Defense shall 
ensure that the Defense Innovation Board and 
the Defense Science Board have access to the 
resources, data, and information necessary to 
complete the assessment. 
(B) INFORMATION
TO
CONGRESS.—Not 
later than 30 days after the date on which the 
assessment under subparagraph (A) is com-
130 
pleted, the Defense Innovation Board and the 
Defense Science Board shall jointly provide to 
the congressional defense committees— 
(i) a report summarizing the assess-
ment; and 
(ii) a briefing on the findings of the 
assessment. 
(f) REPORT AND BRIEFING.— 
(1) REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date on which the report de-
scribed in subsection (e)(1)(C) is submitted to the 
congressional defense committees, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report on the progress of the Secretary 
in implementing subsections (a) through (c). The re-
port shall include an explanation of how the results 
of the demonstration activities carried out under 
subsection (b) will be incorporated into the policy 
and guidance required under subsection (c), particu-
larly the policy and guidance of the members of the 
steering committee established under subsection (d). 
(2) BRIEFING ON LEGISLATIVE RECOMMENDA-
TIONS.—Not later than October 15, 2021, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall provide to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives a
131 
briefing that identifies any changes to existing law 
that may be necessary to facilitate the implementa-
tion of subsections (a) through (c). 
SEC. 221. SOCIAL SCIENCE, MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, AND 
INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH ACTIVI-
TIES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, 
acting through the Under Secretary of Defense for Re-
search and Engineering, shall carry out a program of re-
search and development in social science, management 
science, and information science. 
(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the program re-
quired under subsection (a) are as follows: 
(1) To ensure that the Department of Defense 
has access to innovation and expertise in social 
science, 
management 
science, 
and 
information 
science to enable the Department to improve the ef-
fectiveness and efficiency of the Department’s oper-
ational and management activities. 
(2) To coordinate all research and development 
within the Department in the fields of social science, 
management science, and information science. 
(3) To enhance cooperation and collaboration 
on research and development in the fields of social 
science, 
management 
science, 
and 
information
132 
science among the Department of Defense and ap-
propriate private sector and international entities 
that are involved in such research and development. 
(4) To develop and manage a portfolio of re-
search initiatives in fundamental and applied social 
science, 
management 
science, 
and 
information 
science that is stable, consistent, and balanced 
across relevant disciplines. 
(5) To accelerate efforts to transition and de-
ploy technologies and concepts derived from research 
and development in the fields of social science, man-
agement science, and information science into the 
Department of Defense, and to establish policies, 
procedures, and standards for measuring the success 
of such efforts. 
(6) To collect, synthesize, and disseminate crit-
ical information on research and development in the 
fields of social science, management science, and in-
formation science. 
(7) To support the missions and systems of the 
Department by developing the fields of social 
science, 
management 
science, 
and 
information 
science, including by supporting— 
(A) appropriate research and innovation in 
such fields; and
133 
(B) the development of an industrial base 
in such fields, including development of the fa-
cilities, workforce, and infrastructure that com-
prise such industrial base. 
(c) ADMINISTRATION.—The Under Secretary of De-
fense for Research and Engineering shall supervise the 
planning, management, and coordination of the program 
under subsection (a). 
(d) ACTIVITIES.—The Under Secretary of Defense 
for Research and Engineering, in consultation with the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, the Secretaries of 
the military departments, and the heads of relevant De-
fense Agencies, shall— 
(1) prescribe a set of long-term challenges and 
a set of specific technical goals for the program, in-
cluding— 
(A) optimization of analysis of national se-
curity data sets; 
(B) development of defense-related man-
agement innovation activities; 
(C) improving the operational use of social 
science, management science, and information 
science innovations by military commanders and 
civilian leaders;
134 
(D) improving understanding of the funda-
mental social, cultural, and behavioral forces 
that shape the strategic interests of the United 
States; and 
(E) developing a Department of Defense 
workforce capable of developing and leveraging 
innovations and best practices in the fields of 
social science, management science, and infor-
mation science to support defense missions; 
(2) develop a coordinated and integrated re-
search and investment plan for meeting near-term, 
mid-term, and long-term national security, defense- 
related, and Department management challenges 
that— 
(A) includes definitive milestones; 
(B) provides for achieving specific tech-
nical goals; and 
(C) builds upon the investments of the De-
partment, other departments and agencies of 
the Federal Government, and the commercial 
sector in the fields of social science, manage-
ment science, and information science; 
(3) develop plans for—
135 
(A) the development of the Department’s 
workforce 
in 
social 
science, 
management 
science, and information science; and 
(B) enhancing awareness of social science, 
management science, and information science 
within the Department; and 
(4) develop memoranda of agreement, joint 
funding agreements, and such other cooperative ar-
rangements as the Under Secretary determines nec-
essary for carrying out the program under sub-
section (a). 
(e) GUIDANCE REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engi-
neering shall develop and issue guidance for defense- 
related social science, management science, and in-
formation science activities, including— 
(A) classification and data management 
plans for such activities; 
(B) policies for control of personnel par-
ticipating in such activities to minimize the ef-
fects of the loss of intellectual property in social 
science, management science, and information
136 
science considered sensitive to the Federal Gov-
ernment; and 
(C) ensuring transition of social science, 
management science, and information science 
research findings into Department strategic 
documents. 
(2) UPDATES.—Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering shall regularly update the 
guidance issued under paragraph (4). 
(f) RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of each mili-
tary department may establish or designate an enti-
ty or activity under the jurisdiction of such Sec-
retary, which may include a Department of Defense 
Laboratory, to serve as a research center in the 
fields of social science, management science, and in-
formation science. Each such research center shall 
engage with appropriate public sector and private 
sector organizations, including academic institutions, 
to enhance and accelerate the research, development, 
and deployment of social science, management 
science, and information science within the Depart-
ment. 
(2) MINIMUM NUMBER.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall ensure that not less than one research
137 
center is established or designated under paragraph 
(1) by not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
(g) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 
2022, the Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report on the program. 
(2) FORM
OF
REPORT.—The report required 
under paragraph (1) may be submitted in unclassi-
fied or classified form. 
SEC. 222. MEASURING AND INCENTIVIZING PROGRAMMING 
PROFICIENCY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall carry out the following activities: 
(1) Leverage existing civilian software develop-
ment and software architecture certification pro-
grams to implement coding language proficiency and 
artificial intelligence competency tests within the De-
partment of Defense that— 
(A) measure an individual’s competency in 
using machine learning tools, in a manner simi-
lar to the way the Defense Language Pro-
ficiency Test measures competency in foreign 
language skills;
138 
(B) enable the identification of members of 
the Armed Forces and civilian employees of the 
Department of Defense who have varying levels 
of quantified coding comprehension and skills 
and a propensity to learn new programming 
paradigms, algorithms, and data analytics; and 
(C) include hands-on coding demonstra-
tions and challenges. 
(2) Update existing record keeping systems to 
track artificial intelligence and programming certifi-
cation testing results in a manner that is com-
parable to the system used for tracking and docu-
menting foreign language competency, and use that 
record keeping system to ensure that workforce cod-
ing and artificial intelligence comprehension and 
skills are taken into consideration when making as-
signments. 
(3) Implement a system of rewards, including 
appropriate incentive pay and retention incentives, 
for members of the Armed Forces and civilian em-
ployees of the Department of Defense who perform 
successfully on specific language coding proficiency 
and artificial intelligence competency tests and make 
their skills available to the Department.
139 
(b) INFORMATION SHARING WITH OTHER FEDERAL 
AGENCIES.—The Secretary of Defense shall share infor-
mation on the activities carried out under subsection (a) 
with the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Attorney 
General, the Director of National Intelligence, and the 
heads of such other organizations of the intelligence com-
munity as the Secretary determines appropriate, for pur-
poses of— 
(1) making information about the coding lan-
guage proficiency and artificial intelligence com-
petency tests developed under such subsection avail-
able to other Federal national security agencies; and 
(2) encouraging the heads of such agencies to 
implement tracking and reward systems that are 
comparable to those implemented by the Department 
of Defense pursuant to such subsection. 
SEC. 223. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION 
AND SECURITY EFFORTS. 
(a) MODERNIZATION EFFORT.— 
(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection— 
(A) the term ‘‘Assistant Secretary’’ means 
the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Com-
munications and Information; 
(B) the term ‘‘covered agency’’—
140 
(i) means any Federal entity that the 
Assistant Secretary determines is appro-
priate; and 
(ii) includes the Department of De-
fense; 
(C) the term ‘‘Federal entity’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 113(l) of the 
National Telecommunications and Information 
Administration Organization Act (47 U.S.C. 
923(l)); 
(D) the term ‘‘Federal spectrum’’ means 
frequencies assigned on a primary basis to a 
covered agency; 
(E) the term ‘‘infrastructure’’ means infor-
mation technology systems and information 
technologies, tools, and databases; and 
(F) the term ‘‘NTIA’’ means the National 
Telecommunications and Information Adminis-
tration. 
(2) INITIAL INTERAGENCY SPECTRUM INFORMA-
TION TECHNOLOGY COORDINATION.—Not later than 
90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the Policy 
and Plans Steering Group, shall identify a process to 
establish goals, including parameters to measure the
141 
achievement of those goals, for the modernization of 
the infrastructure of covered agencies relating to 
managing the use of Federal spectrum by those 
agencies, which shall include— 
(A) the standardization of data inputs, 
modeling algorithms, modeling and simulation 
processes, analysis tools with respect to Federal 
spectrum, assumptions, and any other tool to 
ensure interoperability and functionality with 
respect to that infrastructure; 
(B) other potential innovative technological 
capabilities with respect to that infrastructure, 
including cloud-based databases, artificial intel-
ligence technologies, automation, and improved 
modeling and simulation capabilities; 
(C) ways to improve the management of 
covered agencies’ use of Federal spectrum 
through that infrastructure, including by— 
(i) increasing the efficiency of that in-
frastructure; 
(ii) addressing validation of usage 
with respect to that infrastructure; 
(iii) increasing the accuracy of that 
infrastructure;
142 
(iv) validating models used by that in-
frastructure; and 
(v) monitoring and enforcing require-
ments that are imposed on covered agen-
cies with respect to the use of Federal 
spectrum by covered agencies; 
(D) ways to improve the ability of covered 
agencies to meet mission requirements in con-
gested environments with respect to Federal 
spectrum, including as part of automated ad-
justments to operations based on changing con-
ditions in those environments; 
(E) the creation of a time-based automated 
mechanism— 
(i) to share Federal spectrum between 
covered agencies to collaboratively and dy-
namically increase access to Federal spec-
trum by those agencies; and 
(ii) that could be scaled across Fed-
eral spectrum; and 
(F) the collaboration between covered 
agencies necessary to ensure the interoperability 
of Federal spectrum. 
(3) SPECTRUM
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY 
MODERNIZATION.—
143 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 240 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Assistant Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress a report that contains the plan of the 
NTIA to modernize and automate the infra-
structure of the NTIA relating to managing the 
use of Federal spectrum by covered agencies so 
as to more efficiently manage that use. 
(B) 
CONTENTS.—The 
report 
required 
under subparagraph (A) shall include— 
(i) an assessment of the current, as of 
the date on which the report is submitted, 
infrastructure of the NTIA described in 
that paragraph; 
(ii) an acquisition strategy for the 
modernized infrastructure of the NTIA de-
scribed in that paragraph, including how 
that modernized infrastructure will enable 
covered agencies to be more efficient and 
effective in the use of Federal spectrum; 
(iii) a timeline for the implementation 
of the modernization efforts described in 
that paragraph;
144 
(iv) plans detailing how the modern-
ized infrastructure of the NTIA described 
in that paragraph will— 
(I) enhance the security and reli-
ability of that infrastructure so that 
such infrastructure satisfies the re-
quirements of the Federal Information 
Security Management Act of 2002 
(Public Law 107–296; 116 Stat. 
2135); 
(II) improve data models and 
analysis tools to increase the effi-
ciency of the spectrum use described 
in that paragraph; 
(III) enhance automation and 
workflows, and reduce the scope and 
level of manual effort, in order to— 
(aa) administer the manage-
ment of the spectrum use de-
scribed in that paragraph; and 
(bb) improve data quality 
and processing time; and 
(IV) improve the timeliness of 
spectrum analyses and requests for in-
formation, including requests sub-
145 
mitted pursuant to section 552 of title 
5, United States Code; 
(v) an operations and maintenance 
plan with respect to the modernized infra-
structure of the NTIA described in that 
paragraph; 
(vi) a strategy for coordination be-
tween the covered agencies within the Pol-
icy and Plans Steering Group, which shall 
include— 
(I) a description of— 
(aa) those coordination ef-
forts, as in effect on the date on 
which the report is submitted; 
and 
(bb) a plan for coordination 
of those efforts after the date on 
which the report is submitted, in-
cluding with respect to the ef-
forts described in paragraph (4); 
(II) a plan for standardizing— 
(aa) electromagnetic spec-
trum analysis tools;
146 
(bb) modeling and simula-
tion processes and technologies; 
and 
(cc) databases to provide 
technical 
interference 
assess-
ments that are usable across the 
Federal Government as part of a 
common spectrum management 
infrastructure for covered agen-
cies; 
(III) a plan for each covered 
agency to implement a modernization 
plan described in paragraph (4)(A) 
that is tailored to the particular 
timeline of the agency; 
(vii) identification of manually inten-
sive processes involved in managing Fed-
eral spectrum and proposed enhancements 
to those processes; 
(viii) metrics to evaluate the success 
of the modernization efforts described in 
that paragraph and any similar future ef-
forts; and 
(ix) an estimate of the cost of the 
modernization efforts described in that
147 
paragraph and any future maintenance 
with respect to the modernized infrastruc-
ture of the NTIA described in that para-
graph, including the cost of any personnel 
and equipment relating to that mainte-
nance. 
(4) INTERAGENCY INPUTS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
head of each covered agency shall submit to the 
Assistant Secretary and the Policy and Plans 
Steering Group a report that describes the plan 
of the agency to modernize the infrastructure of 
the agency with respect to the use of Federal 
spectrum by the agency so that such modern-
ized infrastructure of the agency is interoper-
able with the modernized infrastructure of the 
NTIA, as described in paragraph (3). 
(B) CONTENTS.—Each report submitted 
by the head of a covered agency under subpara-
graph (A) shall— 
(i) include— 
(I) an assessment of the current, 
as of the date on which the report is 
submitted, management capabilities of
148 
the agency with respect to the use of 
frequencies that are assigned to the 
agency, which shall include a descrip-
tion of any challenges faced by the 
agency with respect to that manage-
ment; 
(II) a timeline for completion of 
the modernization efforts described in 
that paragraph; and 
(III) a description of potential in-
novative technological capabilities for 
the management of frequencies that 
are assigned to the agency, as deter-
mined under paragraph (2); 
(IV) identification of agency-spe-
cific requirements or constraints relat-
ing to the infrastructure of the agen-
cy; 
(V) identification of any existing, 
as of the date on which the report is 
submitted, systems of the agency that 
are duplicative of the modernized in-
frastructure of the NTIA, as proposed 
under paragraph (3); and
149 
(VI) with respect to the report 
submitted by the Secretary of De-
fense— 
(aa) a strategy for the inte-
gration of systems or the flow of 
data among the Armed Forces, 
the military departments, the De-
fense Agencies and Department 
of Defense Field Activities, and 
other components of the Depart-
ment of Defense; 
(bb) a plan for the imple-
mentation of solutions to the use 
of Federal spectrum by the De-
partment of Defense involving in-
formation at multiple levels of 
classification; and 
(cc) a strategy for address-
ing, within the modernized infra-
structure of the Department of 
Defense described in that para-
graph, the exchange of informa-
tion between the Department of 
Defense and the NTIA in order 
to accomplish required processing
150 
of all Department of Defense do-
mestic spectrum coordination and 
management activities; and 
(ii) be submitted in an unclassified 
format, with a classified annex, as appro-
priate. 
(C) NOTIFICATION OF CONGRESS.—Upon 
submission of the report required under sub-
paragraph (A), the head of each covered agency 
shall notify Congress that the head of the cov-
ered agency has submitted the report. 
(5) GAO OVERSIGHT.—The Comptroller Gen-
eral of the United States shall— 
(A) not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, conduct a review of 
the infrastructure of covered agencies, as that 
infrastructure exists on the date of enactment 
of this Act; 
(B) after all of the reports required under 
paragraph (4) have been submitted, conduct 
oversight of the implementation of the mod-
ernization plans submitted by the NTIA and 
covered agencies under paragraphs (3) and (4), 
respectively;
151 
(C) not later than 1 year after the date on 
which the Comptroller General begins con-
ducting oversight under subparagraph (B), and 
annually thereafter, submit a report regarding 
that oversight to— 
(i) with respect to the implementation 
of the modernization plan of the Depart-
ment of Defense, the Committee on Armed 
Services of the Senate and the Committee 
on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(ii) with respect to the implementation 
of the modernization plans of all covered 
agencies, including the Department of De-
fense, 
the 
Committee 
on 
Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
and the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(D) provide regular briefings to— 
(i) with respect to the application of 
this section to the Department of Defense, 
the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate and the Committee on Armed Serv-
ices of the House of Representatives; and
152 
(ii) with respect to the application of 
this section to all covered agencies, includ-
ing the Department of Defense, the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate and the Committee 
on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives. 
(b) TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY PROGRAM.— 
(1) PROGRAM
REQUIRED.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall carry out a program to identify and 
mitigate vulnerabilities in the telecommunications in-
frastructure of the Department of Defense. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—In carrying out the program 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— 
(A) develop a capability to communicate 
clearly and authoritatively about threats by for-
eign adversaries; 
(B) conduct independent red-team security 
analysis of Department of Defense systems, 
subsystems, devices, and components including 
no-knowledge testing and testing with limited or 
full knowledge of expected functionalities; 
(C) verify the integrity of personnel who 
are tasked with design fabrication, integration, 
configuration, storage, test, and documentation
153 
of noncommercial 5G technology to be used by 
the Department of Defense; 
(D) verify the efficacy of the physical secu-
rity measures used at Department of Defense 
locations where system design, fabrication, inte-
gration, configuration, storage, test, and docu-
mentation of 5G technology occurs; 
(E) direct the Chief Information Officer of 
the Department of Defense to use the Federal 
Risk and Authorization Management Program 
(commonly known as ‘‘FedRAMP’’) moderate 
or high cloud standard baselines, supplemented 
with the Department’s FedRAMP cloud stand-
ard controls and control enhancements, to as-
sess 5G core service providers whose services 
will be used by the Department of Defense 
through the Department’s provisional author-
ization process; and 
(F) direct the Defense Information Sys-
tems Agency and the United States Cyber Com-
mand to Develop a capability for continuous, 
independent monitoring of packet streams for 
5G data on frequencies assigned to the Depart-
ment of Defense to validate availability, con-
154 
fidentiality, and integrity of Department of De-
fense communications systems. 
(3) IMPLEMENTATION
PLAN.—Not later than 
90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a 
plan for the implementation of the program under 
paragraph (1). 
(4) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 270 
days after submitting the plan under paragraph (3), 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a 
report that includes— 
(A) a comprehensive assessment of the 
findings and conclusions of the program under 
paragraph (1); 
(B) recommendations on how to mitigate 
vulnerabilities in the Department of Defense 
telecommunications infrastructure; and 
(C) an explanation of how the Department 
of Defense plans to implement such rec-
ommendations. 
SEC. 224. BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THE JOINT ARTIFI-
CIAL INTELLIGENCE CENTER. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish a Board of Directors for the Joint Artificial 
Intelligence Center.
155 
(b) DUTIES.—The duties of the Board of Directors 
shall be the following: 
(1) Provide strategic guidance to the Director 
of the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center. 
(2) Advise the Secretary on matters relating to 
the development and use of artificial intelligence by 
the Department of Defense. 
(3) Evaluate and advise the Secretary on eth-
ical matters relating to the development and use of 
artificial intelligence by the Department. 
(4) Conduct long-term and long-range studies 
on matters relating to artificial intelligence. 
(5) Evaluate and provide recommendations to 
the Secretary regarding the Department’s develop-
ment of a robust workforce proficient in artificial in-
telligence. 
(6) Assist the Secretary in developing strategic 
level guidance on artificial intelligence-related hard-
ware procurement and supply-chain matters. 
(7) Monitor and provide recommendations to 
the Secretary on computing power, usage, storage, 
and other technical matters relating to artificial in-
telligence. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board of Directors shall be 
composed of the following members:
156 
(1) The official within the Department of De-
fense to whom the Director of the Joint Artificial in-
telligence center directly reports. 
(2) The Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. 
(3) The Under Secretary of Defense for Re-
search and Engineering. 
(4) The Under Secretary of Defense for Acqui-
sition and Sustainment. 
(5) The Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-
ligence and Security. 
(6) The Under Secretary of Defense for Per-
sonnel and Readiness. 
(7) Not more than five members from academic 
or private sector organizations outside the Depart-
ment of Defense, who shall be appointed by the Sec-
retary. 
(d) CHAIRPERSON.—The chairperson of the Board of 
Directors shall be the official described in subsection 
(c)(1). 
(e) MEETINGS.—The Board of Directors shall meet 
not less than once each fiscal quarter and may meet at 
other times at the call of the chairperson or a majority 
of the Board’s members. 
(f) REPORTS.—Not later than September 30 of each 
year through September 30, 2024, the Board of Directors
157 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port that summarizes the activities of the Board over the 
preceding year. 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘artificial intelligence’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 238(g) of the 
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 10 
U.S.C. 2358 note). 
(2) The term ‘‘Board of Directors’’ means the 
Board of Directors established under subsection (a). 
(3) The term ‘‘Joint Artificial Intelligence Cen-
ter’’ means the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center of 
the Department of Defense established pursuant to 
the memorandum of the Secretary of Defense dated 
June 27, 2018, and titled ‘‘Establishment of the 
Joint Artificial Intelligence Center’’, or any suc-
cessor to such Center. 
(4) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary 
of Defense. 
SEC. 225. DIRECTED ENERGY WORKING GROUP. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall es-
tablish a working group, to be known as the ‘‘Directed 
Energy Working Group’’. 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The working group shall—
158 
(1) discuss the current and planned directed en-
ergy programs of each of the military departments; 
(2) make recommendations to the Secretary of 
Defense about establishing memoranda of under-
standing among the organizations and elements of 
the Department of Defense to coordinate directed 
energy activities using amounts authorized to be ap-
propriated for research, development, test, and eval-
uation; 
(3) identify methods of quickly fielding directed 
energy capabilities and programs; and 
(4) develop a compendium on the effectiveness 
of directed energy weapon systems and integrate the 
compendium into an overall Joint Effectiveness 
Manual under the guidance from the Joint Technical 
Coordination Group for Munitions Effectiveness. 
(c) HEAD OF WORKING GROUP.—The head of the 
working group shall be the Assistant Director of Directed 
Energy of the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense 
for Research and Engineering. 
(d) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the working 
group shall be appointed by not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, as follows:
160 
utive officer for autonomy who shall be the official within 
the Department of the Navy with primary responsibility 
for the development and integration of autonomous tech-
nology into weapon systems. 
(b) PROGRAM EXECUTIVE OFFICER DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘program executive officer’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 1737(a)(4) of title 10, 
United States Code. 
SEC. 227. ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURES RELATING TO THE 
ADVANCED BATTLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. 
(a) INDEPENDENT COST ESTIMATE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of Cost Assess-
ment and Program Evaluation shall— 
(A) review any cost estimate of the Ad-
vanced Battle Management System prepared by 
the Department of the Air Force; and 
(B) conduct an independent cost estimate 
of the full life-cycle cost of the Advanced Battle 
Management System. 
(2) SUBMITTAL TO CONGRESS.—At the same 
time as the budget of the President for fiscal year 
2022 is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 
1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Director 
of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
161 
port on the results of the review and independent 
cost estimate conducted under paragraph (1). 
(b) AIR FORCE BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Section 
147(g) of the John S. McCain National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 
132 Stat. 1670) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: ‘‘Each briefing shall include a detailed explanation 
of any on-ramp exercise of the Advanced Battle Manage-
ment System conducted during the quarter covered by the 
report, including an explanation of— 
‘‘(1) the objectives achieved by the exercise; 
‘‘(2) the realism of the exercise, including iden-
tification of the portions of the exercise that were 
scripted 
and 
unscripted 
and 
any 
technical 
workarounds or substitutes used for purposes of the 
exercise; 
‘‘(3) the interim capabilities provided to com-
batant commanders after the conclusion of the exer-
cise (commonly known as ‘leave behind’ capabilities) 
and a plan for the sustainment or upgrade of such 
capabilities; and 
‘‘(4) the total cost of the exercise and a break-
down of the costs with respect to technology, range 
and demonstration resources, personnel, and logis-
tics.’’.
162 
(c) REPORTS.—Not later than December 20, 2020, 
the Secretary of the Air Force shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees the following reports on the Ad-
vanced Battle Management System: 
(1) REPORT
ON
PLANNED
CAPABILITIES.—A 
report on the planned product line capabilities of the 
Advanced Battle Management System, including— 
(A) a description of the technologies need-
ed to implement and achieve such product line 
capabilities; 
(B) a timeline for the technical maturation 
of such product line capabilities; and 
(C) a notional schedule for fielding such 
product line capabilities over the period covered 
by the current future-years defense program 
under section 221 of title 10, United States 
Code. 
(2) REPORT ON ACQUISITION AUTHORITIES.—A 
report on the allocation of responsibilities among the 
individuals and entities responsible for acquisition 
for the Advanced Battle Management System, in-
cluding an explanation of how decision-making and 
governance of the acquisition process is allocated 
among the Chief Architect Integration Office and
163 
other entities that are expected provide capabilities 
for the System. 
(3) REPORT
ON
ALIGNMENT
WITH
COMMON 
MISSION CONTROL CENTER.—A report, which may 
be submitted in classified or unclassified form, that 
explains how, and to what extent, the Advanced Bat-
tle Management System will be aligned and coordi-
nated with the Common Mission Control Center of 
the Air Force. 
(d) REPORT ON SECURITY MEASURES.—At the same 
time as the budget of the President for fiscal year 2022 
is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105(a) of 
title 31, United States Code, the Secretary of the Air 
Force shall submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees a report that describes how the Secretary plans to 
ensure the security of the Advanced Battle Management 
System, including a description of any information assur-
ance and anti-tamper requirements for the System. 
(e) ADVANCED BATTLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘Advanced Battle Man-
agement System’’ has the meaning given that term in sec-
tion 236(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 133 Stat. 1281).
164 
SEC. 228. MEASURES TO ADDRESS FOREIGN TALENT PRO-
GRAMS. 
(a) LIST OF PROGRAMS.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall develop and maintain a list of foreign talent pro-
grams that pose a threat to the national security interests 
of the United States, as determined by the Secretary. 
(b) CRITERIA.—In developing the list under sub-
section (a), the Secretary of Defense shall consider— 
(1) the extent to which a foreign talent pro-
gram— 
(A) poses a threat to research funded by 
the Department of Defense; and 
(B) engages in, or facilitates, cyber at-
tacks, theft, espionage, or otherwise interferes 
in the affairs of the United States; and 
(2) any other factors the Secretary determines 
appropriate. 
(c) INFORMATION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on 
Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Represent-
atives a copy of the list developed under subsection (a). 
(d) PUBLICATION
IN FEDERAL REGISTER.—Not 
later than 30 days after making the submission required 
under subsection (c), the Secretary of Defense shall pub-
165 
lish the list developed under subsection (a) in the Federal 
Register. 
(e) NOTICE AND COMMENT PERIOD.—The list devel-
oped under subsection (a), and any guidance, rules, up-
dates, or other requirements relating to such list, shall not 
take effect until such list, or any such guidance, rules, up-
dates, or other requirements (as the case may be) have 
been— 
(1) published in the Federal Register; and 
(2) open for public comment for a period of not 
less than 60 days. 
(f) FOREIGN TALENT PROGRAM DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘foreign talent program’’ has the mean-
ing given that term for purposes of section 1286 of the 
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 10 U.S.C. 2358 
note). 
SEC. 229. DISCLOSURE OF FOREIGN FUNDING SOURCES IN 
APPLICATIONS 
FOR 
FEDERAL 
RESEARCH 
AWARDS. 
(a) DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT.—Each Federal re-
search agency shall require— 
(1) any individual applying for funds from that 
agency as a principal investigator or co-principal in-
vestigator under a grant or cooperative agreement to
166 
disclose all current and pending support and the 
sources of such support at the time of the applica-
tion for funds; and 
(2) any institution of higher education applying 
for funds from that agency to certify that every 
principal investigator or co-principal investigator 
who is employed by the institution of higher edu-
cation and is applying for such funds has been made 
aware of the requirement under paragraph (1). 
(b) CONSISTENCY.—The Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy, acting through the Na-
tional Science and Technology Council and in accordance 
with the authority provided under section 1746 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
(Public Law 116–92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note) shall ensure 
that the requirements issued by Federal research agencies 
under subsection (a) are consistent. 
(c) ENFORCEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In the event that an indi-
vidual or entity violates the disclosure requirements 
under subsection (a), a Federal research agency may 
take one or more of the following actions against 
such individual or entity: 
(A) Reject an application for a grant or co-
operative agreement because the disclosed cur-
167 
rent and pending support violates agency terms 
and conditions. 
(B) Reject an application for a grant or 
cooperative agreement because current and 
pending support have not been disclosed as re-
quired under subsection (a). 
(C) Temporarily or permanently dis-
continue any or all funding from that agency 
for any principal investigator or co-principal in-
vestigator who has failed to properly disclose 
current and pending support pursuant to sub-
section (a). 
(D) Temporarily or permanently suspend 
or debar a researcher, in accordance with part 
180 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations, 
from receiving funding from that agency when 
failure to disclose current and pending support 
pursuant to subsection (a) as done knowingly 
and willfully. 
(E) Refer a failure to disclose under sub-
section (a) to Federal law enforcement authori-
ties to determine whether any criminal statutes 
have been violated. 
(2) NOTICE.—A Federal research agency in-
tending to take action under any of subparagraph
168 
(A), (B), (C), or (D) of paragraph (1) shall notify 
the institution of higher education, principal investi-
gator and any co-principal investigators subject to 
such action about the specific reason for the action, 
and shall provide the institution, principal investi-
gator, and co-principal investigator, as applicable, 
with the opportunity and a process by which to con-
test the proposed action. 
(3) EVIDENTIARY STANDARDS.—A Federal re-
search agency seeking suspension or debarment 
under paragraph (1)(D) shall abide by the proce-
dures and evidentiary standards set forth in part 
180 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) CURRENT
AND
PENDING
SUPPORT.—The 
term ‘‘current and pending support’’ means all re-
sources made available to an individual in direct 
support of the individual’s research efforts, regard-
less of whether such resources have monetary value, 
and includes in-kind contributions requiring a com-
mitment of time and directly supporting the individ-
ual’s research efforts, such as the provision of office 
or laboratory space, equipment, supplies, employees, 
and students.
169 
(2) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 
term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 101 of the High-
er Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). 
(3) FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY.—The term 
‘‘Federal research agency’’ includes the following 
and any organizations and elements thereof: 
(A) The Department of Agriculture. 
(B) The Department of Commerce. 
(C) The Department of Defense. 
(D) The Department of Education. 
(E) The Department of Energy. 
(F) The Department of Health and 
Human Services. 
(G) The Department of Homeland Secu-
rity. 
(H) The Department of Transportation. 
(I) The Environmental Protection Agency. 
(J) The National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration. 
(K) The National Science Foundation.
170 
SEC. 230. LIMITATIONS RELATING TO LARGE UNMANNED 
SURFACE VESSELS AND ASSOCIATED OFFEN-
SIVE WEAPON SYSTEMS. 
(a) LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR 
LUSV.— 
(1) LIMITATION.—None of the funds authorized 
to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made 
available for fiscal year 2021 for the Department of 
the Navy for the procurement of a large unmanned 
surface vessel may be obligated or expended until a 
period of 60 days has elapsed following the date on 
which the Secretary of the Navy submits to the con-
gressional defense committees the certification de-
scribed in paragraph (2). 
(2) CERTIFICATION
DESCRIBED.—The certifi-
cation described in this paragraph is a written state-
ment of the Secretary of the Navy certifying, with 
respect to any large unmanned surface vessel to be 
procured by the Secretary, the following: 
(A) A hull system, a mechanical system, 
and an electrical system have been developed 
for the vessel and each system— 
(i) has attained a technology readiness 
level of seven or greater; and 
(ii) can be operated autonomously for 
a minimum of 30 days.
171 
(B) A command control system has been 
developed for the vessel and the system— 
(i) can be operated autonomously; 
(ii) includes autonomous detection; 
and 
(iii) has attained a technology readi-
ness level of seven or greater. 
(C) A detailed plan has been developed for 
measuring and demonstrating the reliability of 
the vessel. 
(D) All payloads expected to be carried on 
the vessel have attained a technology readiness 
level of seven or greater. 
(b) LIMITATION ON LUSV WEAPON INTEGRATION.— 
The Secretary of the Navy may not integrate any offensive 
weapon system into a large unmanned surface vessel until 
the date on which the Secretary of the Defense certifies 
to the congressional defense committees that any large un-
manned surface vessel that employs offensive weapons will 
comply with the law of armed conflict. Such certification 
shall include a detailed explanation of how such compli-
ance will be achieved.
172 
SEC. 231. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS PEND-
ING REVIEW AND REPORT ON NEXT GENERA-
TION AIR DOMINANCE CAPABILITIES. 
(a) LIMITATION
ON AIR FORCE FUNDS.—Of the 
funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or other-
wise made available for fiscal year 2021 for the next gen-
eration air dominance initiative of the Air Force, not more 
than 85 percent may be obligated or expended until the 
date on which the Director of Cost Assessment and Pro-
gram Evaluation submits the report required under sub-
section (d)(1). 
(b) LIMITATION ON NAVY FUNDS.—Of the funds au-
thorized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made 
available for fiscal year 2021 for the next generation air 
dominance initiative of the Navy, not more than 85 per-
cent may be obligated or expended until the date on which 
the Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation 
submits the report required under subsection (d)(2). 
(c) REVIEWS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of Cost Assess-
ment and Program Evaluation shall conduct— 
(A) a non-advocate review of the next gen-
eration air dominance initiative of the Air 
Force; and 
(B) a non-advocate review of the next gen-
eration air dominance initiative of the Navy.
173 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each review under paragraph 
(1) shall include an assessment of— 
(A) all risks associated with cost, schedule, 
development, integration, production, fielding, 
and sustainment of next generation air domi-
nance capabilities; 
(B) the technological maturity of signifi-
cant hardware and software efforts planned or 
carried out as part of the development of such 
capabilities; and 
(C) affordability goals that the Air Force 
and the Navy (as the case may be) will be re-
quired to achieve during development, produc-
tion, and sustainment activities for such capa-
bilities that will not jeopardize or otherwise be 
detrimental to other high-priority future capa-
bilities being developed and procured to support 
and execute other primary core competencies 
and missions. 
(d) REPORTS.—The Director of Cost Assessment and 
Program Evaluation shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees— 
(1) a report on the results of the review con-
ducted under subsection (c)(1)(A) with respect to 
the Air Force; and
174 
(2) a report on the results of the review con-
ducted under subsection (c)(1)(B) with respect to 
the Navy. 
SEC. 232. MODIFICATION OF MECHANISMS FOR EXPEDITED 
ACCESS TO TECHNICAL TALENT AND EXPER-
TISE AT ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS. 
Section 217 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 10 U.S.C. 
2358 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2), by inserting ‘‘train-
ing,’’ after ‘‘management,’’; 
(2) in subsection (e)— 
(A) in paragraph (28) by striking ‘‘Infra-
structure resilience’’ and inserting ‘‘Additive 
manufacturing’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraph (30) as 
paragraph (33); and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (29) the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(30) Corrosion prevention and control. 
‘‘(31) Advanced manufacturing for metal cast-
ing. 
‘‘(32) 3D and virtual technology training plat-
forms.’’;
175 
(3) by redesignating subsections (f) and (g) as 
subsection (g) and (h), respectively; 
(4) by inserting after subsection (e) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(f) REQUIREMENT TO ESTABLISH CONSORTIA.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out subsection 
(a)(1)— 
‘‘(A) the Secretary of Defense shall seek to 
establish at least one multi-institution consor-
tium through the Office of the Secretary of De-
fense; 
‘‘(B) the Secretary of the Army shall seek 
to establish at least one multi-institution con-
sortium through the Army; 
‘‘(C) the Secretary of the Navy shall seek 
to establish at least one multi-institution con-
sortium through the Navy; and 
‘‘(D) the Secretary of the Air Force shall 
seek to establish at least one multi-institution 
consortium through the Air Force. 
‘‘(2) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than Sep-
tember 30, 2022, the Secretary of Defense shall sub-
mit to the congressional defense committees a report 
on the status of the efforts to establish consortia 
under paragraph (1).’’; and
176 
(5) in subsection (g), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘2022’’ and inserting ‘‘2026’’. 
SEC. 233. DESIGNATION OF ACADEMIC LIAISON TO PRO-
TECT AGAINST EMERGING THREATS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense, acting through the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering, shall do the following: 
(1) Designate an official serving within the Of-
fice of the Under Secretary of Defense for Research 
and Engineering to work with the academic and re-
search communities to protect academic research 
funded by the Department of Defense from undue 
foreign influences and threats. 
(2) Set forth the responsibilities of the official 
designated under paragraph (1), including— 
(A) serving as the liaison of the Depart-
ment of Defense with the academic and re-
search communities; 
(B) carrying out initiatives of the Depart-
ment related to the protection of academic re-
search funded by the Department from undue 
foreign influences and threats, including the ini-
tiatives established under section 1286 of the
177 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note); 
(C) not less frequently than once a year, 
conducting outreach and education activities for 
the academic and research community about 
undue foreign influences and threats to aca-
demic research that is funded by the Depart-
ment; 
(D) coordinating and aligning the policies 
relating to academic research security of— 
(i) the elements of the Department 
specified in section 111(b) of title 10, 
United States Code; 
(ii) the intelligence community; 
(iii) Federal science agencies; 
(iv) the Office of Science and Tech-
nology Policy; and 
(v) Federal regulatory agencies; and 
(E) working with the intelligence commu-
nity to the maximum extent practicable to share 
with the academic and research communities, at 
least annually, unclassified information, includ-
ing counterintelligence information, on threats 
from undue foreign influences.
178 
(b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed as authorizing the official des-
ignated under subsection (a)(1) to classify academic re-
search in a manner that is inconsistent with the policies 
of the Department of Defense or the National Security 
Decision Directive Numbered 189 of September 21, 1985, 
titled ‘‘National Policy on the Transfer of Scientific, Tech-
nical and Engineering Information’’, or any successor di-
rective. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) FEDERAL
REGULATORY
AGENCIES.—The 
term ‘‘Federal regulatory agencies’’ means the De-
partment of Defense, the Department of Commerce, 
the Department of State, the Department of Justice, 
the Department of Energy, the Department of the 
Treasury, the Department of Homeland Security, 
and the National Archives and Records Administra-
tion. 
(2) FEDERAL SCIENCE AGENCIES.—The term 
‘‘Federal science agencies’’ means each agency (as 
such term is defined in section 551 of title 5, United 
States Code) that obligated or expended not less 
than $100,000,000 in the previous fiscal year for re-
search and development.
179 
(3) INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.—the term ‘‘in-
telligence community’’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 
1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 
Subtitle C—Emerging Technology 
and Artificial Intelligence Matters 
SEC. 241. STEERING COMMITTEE ON EMERGING TECH-
NOLOGY. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the ex-
ecutive branch a steering committee on emerging tech-
nology and national security threats (referred to in this 
section as the ‘‘Steering Committee’’). 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Steering Committee shall be 
composed of the following: 
(1) The Deputy Secretary of Defense. 
(2) The Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff. 
(3) The Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-
ligence and Security. 
(4) Such other officials of the Department of 
Defense as are jointly appointed to Steering Com-
mittee by the officials specified in paragraphs (1) 
through (3).
180 
(c) CO-CHAIRS.—The officials specified in para-
graphs (1) through (3) of subsection (b) shall serve as co- 
chairs of the Steering Committee. 
(d) STAFF AND SUPPORT SERVICES.—Upon request 
of the co-chairs, the Department of Defense shall provide 
to the Steering Committee, on a reimbursable basis, such 
staff and administrative support services as are necessary 
for the Committee to carry out its responsibilities under 
this section. 
(e) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Steering Committee 
shall be responsible for— 
(1) developing a strategic vision for the organi-
zational change, concept and capability development, 
and technology investments in emerging technologies 
that are needed to maintain the technological edge 
of the military and intelligence community of the 
United States; 
(2) providing credible assessments of emerging 
threats and identifying investments and advances in 
emerging technology undertaken by adversaries of 
the United States; 
(3) making recommendations to the Secretary 
of Defense on— 
(A) the implementation of the strategy de-
veloped under to paragraph (1); and
181 
(B) steps that may be taken to address the 
threats identified under to paragraph (2); 
(4) coordinating with the Joint Committee on 
Research Environments of the National Science and 
Technology Council; 
(5) ensuring emerging technologies procured 
and used by the military will be tested for algo-
rithmic bias and discriminatory outcomes; and 
(6) carrying out such other activities as are as-
signed to the Steering Committee by the Secretary 
of Defense. 
(f) COORDINATION WITH JAIC.—The co-chairs shall 
coordinate the activities of the Steering Committee with 
the activities of the Board of Directors of the Joint Artifi-
cial Intelligence Center established under section 224, as 
appropriate. 
(g) DEEPFAKE WORKING GROUP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The co-chairs stall establish 
a working group, in coordination with the Defense 
Advanced Research Project Agency and such other 
departments and agencies of the Federal Govern-
ment as the co-chairs deem appropriate, to— 
(A) inform the Steering Committee’s ac-
tivities with respect to the national security im-
182 
plications of machine-manipulated media (com-
monly known as ‘‘deepfakes’’); 
(B) assess the Federal Government’s capa-
bilities with respect to technologies to detect, or 
otherwise counter and combat, machine-manip-
ulated media and other advanced image manip-
ulation methods; 
(C) assess the machine-manipulated media 
capabilities of foreign countries and non-state 
actors, with particular emphasis on the People’s 
Republic of China and the Russian Federation; 
and 
(D) provide recommendations to the Steer-
ing Committee on the matters described in sub-
paragraphs (A) through (C). 
(2) 
MACHINE-MANIPULATED
MEDIA
DE-
FINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘machine-ma-
nipulated media’’ has the meaning given that term 
in section 5724(d) of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116– 
92). 
(h) EMERGING TECHNOLOGY DEFINED.—In this sec-
tion, the term ‘‘emerging technology’’ means technology 
determined to be in an emerging phase of development by 
the Secretary of Defense, including quantum computing,
183 
technology for the analysis of large and diverse sets of 
data (commonly known as ‘‘big data analytics’’), artificial 
intelligence (including deepfake videos and related tech-
nologies), autonomous technology, robotics, directed en-
ergy, hypersonics, biotechnology, distributed ledger tech-
nology, and such other technology as may be identified by 
the Secretary. 
SEC. 242. TRAINING FOR HUMAN RESOURCES PERSONNEL 
IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND RELATED 
TOPICS. 
(a) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
(1) TRAINING
PROGRAM.—Not later than 1 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Defense shall develop and implement a 
program to provide covered human resources per-
sonnel with training in the fields of software devel-
opment, data science, and artificial intelligence, as 
such fields related to the duties of such personnel. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The training provided under 
paragraph (1) shall include— 
(A) a generalist’s introduction to— 
(i) software development and business 
processes; 
(ii) data management practices re-
lated to machine learning;
184 
(iii) machine learning, deep learning, 
and artificial intelligence; 
(iv) artificial intelligence workforce 
roles; and 
(v) cybersecurity and secure software 
development; and 
(B) training in the authorities and proce-
dures that may be used to recruit software de-
velopers, data scientists, and artificial intel-
ligence professionals, including direct hiring au-
thorities, excepted service authorities, the Inter-
governmental Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 
4701 et seq.), and authorities for hiring special 
government employees and highly qualified ex-
perts. 
(3) CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall issue a certificate of comple-
tion to each individual who successfully completes 
the training provided under paragraph (1), as deter-
mined by the Secretary. 
(4) IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall implement the training program under 
paragraph (1) as follows: 
(A) In the first year in which the training 
program is carried out, the Secretary shall en-
185 
sure that not less than 20 percent of covered 
human resource personnel complete the pro-
gram. 
(B) In each year of the training program 
after the first year, the Secretary shall ensure 
that not less than an additional 10 percent of 
covered human resources personnel complete 
the program until 80 percent of such personnel 
have completed the program. 
(C) After achieving the 80 percent comple-
tion rate specified in subparagraph (B), the 
Secretary shall ensure, in each year, that not 
less than 80 percent of covered human re-
sources personnel have completed the training 
program. 
(b) COVERED HUMAN RESOURCES PERSONNEL DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘covered human re-
sources personnel’’ means members of the Armed Forces 
and civilian employees of the Department of Defense, in-
cluding human resources professionals, hiring managers, 
and recruiters, who are responsible for hiring software de-
velopers, data scientists, or artificial intelligence profes-
sionals for the Department.
186 
SEC. 243. UNCLASSIFIED WORKSPACES FOR PERSONNEL 
WITH PENDING SECURITY CLEARANCES. 
(a) GUIDANCE REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall issue guidance to ensure, to the extent 
practicable, that all facilities the Department of Defense 
at which covered personnel perform work functions have 
unclassified workspaces. 
(b) USE OF WORKSPACES BY OTHER PERSONNEL.— 
The guidance issued under subsection (a) shall include 
guidelines under which appropriately screened individuals 
other than covered personnel, such as interns and visiting 
experts, may use unclassified workspaces on a space-avail-
able basis. 
(c) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 days 
after the issuance of the guidance under subsection (a), 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees a report that includes— 
(1) a plan for implementing the guidance; 
(2) a description of how existing facilities may 
be modified to accommodate unclassified workspaces; 
and 
(3) identification of any impediments to making 
unclassified workspace available as described in sub-
section (a). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—
187 
(1) In this section, the term ‘‘unclassified work-
space’’ means a workspace at which unclassified 
work may be performed. 
(2) The term ‘‘covered personnel’’ means a 
member of the Armed Forces or a civilian employee 
of the Department of Defense who has applied for, 
but who has not yet received, a security clearance. 
SEC. 244. PILOT PROGRAM ON THE USE OF ELECTRONIC 
PORTFOLIOS TO EVALUATE APPLICANTS FOR 
CERTAIN TECHNICAL POSITIONS. 
(a) PILOT PROGRAM.—Beginning not later than 1 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall carry out a pilot program under 
which applicants for technical positions within the Depart-
ment of Defense will be evaluated, in part, based on elec-
tronic portfolios of the applicant’s work, as described in 
subsection (b). 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—Under the pilot program, the 
human resources manager of an organization of the De-
partment of Defense participating in the program, in con-
sultation with relevant subject matter experts, shall assess 
each applicant for a technical position in the organization 
by reviewing an electronic portfolio of the applicant’s best 
work, as selected by the applicant.
188 
(c) SCOPE OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall carry out the pilot program under subsection (a) in 
at least one major command of each military department. 
(d) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the com-
mencement of the pilot program under subsection (a), the 
Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees a report on the results of the program. 
At a minimum, the report shall describe— 
(1) how the use of electronic portfolios in the 
hiring process affected the timeliness of the hiring 
process for technical positions in organizations of 
the Department of Defense participating in the pro-
gram; and 
(2) the level of satisfaction of organization lead-
ers, hiring authorities, and subject matter experts 
with the quality of applicants that were hired based 
on evaluations of electronic portfolios. 
(e) TECHNICAL POSITION DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘technical position’’ means a position in the De-
partment of Defense requiring expertise in artificial intel-
ligence, data science, or software development. 
(f) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out the 
pilot program under subsection (a) shall terminate 5 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act.
189 
SEC. 245. SELF-DIRECTED TRAINING IN ARTIFICIAL INTEL-
LIGENCE. 
(a) ONLINE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COURSES.— 
The Secretary of Defense shall make available a list of 
approved online courses relating to artificial intelligence 
that may be taken by civilian employees of the Department 
of Defense and members of the Armed Forces on a vol-
untary basis while not engaged in the performance of their 
duties. 
(b) DOCUMENTATION OF COMPLETION.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall develop and implement a system— 
(1) to confirm whether a civilian employee of 
the Department of Defense or member of the Armed 
Forces has completed an online course approved by 
the Secretary under paragraph (1); and 
(2) to document the completion of such course 
in the personnel file of such employee or member. 
(c) REWARD SYSTEM.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall develop and implement a system to reward civilian 
employees of the Department of Defense and members of 
the Armed Forces who complete an online course approved 
by the Secretary under paragraph (1), which may in-
clude— 
(1) for a member of the Armed Forces, a 24- 
hour pass which may be used on a stand-alone basis
190 
or in conjunction with other leave, holiday, or week-
end periods; and 
(2) for a civilian employees of the Department, 
up to 8 hours of additional leave. 
(d) DEADLINE.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
carry out the activities described in subparagraphs (a) 
through (c) not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 246. PART-TIME AND TERM EMPLOYMENT OF UNIVER-
SITY PROFESSORS AND STUDENTS IN THE 
DEFENSE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EN-
TERPRISE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense, jointly with the Secretaries of the military depart-
ments, and in consultation with the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Research and Engineering and the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, shall es-
tablish a program under which qualified professors and 
students may be employed on a part-time or term basis 
in an organization of the Defense science and technology 
enterprise for the purpose of conducting a research 
project. 
(b) SELECTION.—
191 
(1) SELECTION AND HIRING.—The head of an 
organization in the Defense science and technology 
enterprise at which positions are made available 
under subsection (a) shall be responsible for select-
ing qualified professors and students to fill such po-
sitions. 
(2) SELECTION
CRITERIA.—A qualified pro-
fessor or student shall be selected for participation 
in the program under subsection (a) based on the 
following criteria: 
(A) In the case of a qualified professor— 
(i) the academic credentials and re-
search experience of the professor; and 
(ii) the extent to which the research 
proposed to be carried out by the professor 
will contribute to the objectives of the De-
partment of Defense. 
(B) In the case of qualified student assist-
ing a professor with a research project under 
the program— 
(i) the academic credentials and other 
qualifications of the student; and 
(ii) the ability of the student to carry 
out the responsibilities assigned to the stu-
dent as part of the project.
192 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
(1) MINIMUM NUMBER OF POSITIONS.—In the 
first year of the program under subsection (a), the 
Secretary of Defense shall establish not fewer than 
10 positions for qualified professors. Not fewer than 
five of such positions shall be reserved for qualified 
professors to conduct research in the fields of artifi-
cial intelligence and machine learning. 
(2) AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out the pro-
gram under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense 
and the heads of organizations in the Defense 
science and technology enterprise may— 
(A) use any hiring authority available to 
the Secretary or the head of such an organiza-
tion; 
(B) enter into cooperative research and de-
velopment agreements under section 12 of the 
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a); and 
(C) pay referral bonuses to professors or 
students participating in the program who iden-
tify— 
(i) students to assist in a research 
project under the program; or
193 
(ii) students or recent graduates to 
participate in other programs in the De-
fense science and technology enterprise, in-
cluding internships at Department of De-
fense Laboratories and in the Pathways 
Program of the Department. 
(d) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.— 
(1) INITIAL REPORT.—Not later than 30 days 
after the conclusion of the first year of the program 
under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port on the status of the program. The report shall 
include— 
(A) identification of the number of quali-
fied professors and students employed under 
the program; 
(B) identification of the organizations in 
the Defense science and technology enterprise 
that employed such individuals; and 
(C) a description of the types of research 
conducted by such individuals. 
(2) SUBSEQUENT REPORTS.—Not later than 30 
days after the conclusion of the second and third 
years of the program under subsection (a), the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional
194 
defense committees a report on the progress of the 
program. Each report shall include— 
(A) the information described in subpara-
graphs (A) through (C) of paragraph (1); 
(B) the results of any research projects 
conducted under the program; and 
(C) the number of students and recent 
graduates who, pursuant to a reference from a 
professor or student participating in the pro-
gram as described in subsection (c)(2)(C), were 
hired by the Department of Defense or selected 
for participation in another program in the De-
fense science and technology enterprise. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘Defense science and technology 
enterprise’’ means— 
(A) the research organizations of the mili-
tary departments; 
(B) the science and technology reinvention 
laboratories (as designated under section 1105 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 10 
U.S.C. 2358 note));
195 
(C) the facilities of the Major Range and 
Test Facility Base (as defined in section 
2358a(f)(3) of title 10, United States Code); 
(D) 
the 
Defense 
Advanced 
Research 
Projects Agency; and 
(E) such other organizations as the Sec-
retary of Defense determines appropriate for in-
clusion in the enterprise. 
(2) The term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 101 of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001). 
(3) The term ‘‘qualified professor’’ means a 
professor of an institution of higher education who 
has expertise in science, technology, engineering, and 
mathematics. 
(4) The term ‘‘qualified student’’ means a stu-
dent of an institution of higher education selected by 
a qualified professor to assist the professor in con-
ducting research. 
SEC. 247. MICROELECTRONICS AND NATIONAL SECURITY. 
(a) MODIFICATION OF STRATEGY FOR ASSURED AC-
CESS TO TRUSTED MICROELECTRONICS.—Section 231 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
196 
2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 2302 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘September 
30, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘December 30, 2020’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(10) An approach to ensuring the continuing 
production of cutting-edge microelectronics for na-
tional security needs, including state-of-the-art node 
sizes, heterogeneous integration, advantaged sensor 
manufacturing, boutique chip designs, and variable 
volume production capabilities. 
‘‘(11) An assessment of current microelec-
tronics supply chain management practices, existing 
risks, and actions that may be carried out to miti-
gate such risks by organizations in the defense in-
dustrial base. 
‘‘(12) A plan for increasing commercialization 
of intellectual property developed by the Department 
of Defense for commercial microelectronics research 
and development. 
‘‘(13) An assessment of the feasibility, useful-
ness, efficacy, and cost of— 
‘‘(A) developing a national laboratory ex-
clusively focused on the research and develop-
197 
ment of microelectronics to serve as a center for 
Federal Government expertise in high-per-
forming, trusted microelectronics and as a hub 
for Federal Government research into break-
through microelectronics-related technologies; 
and 
‘‘(B) incorporating into such national lab-
oratory a commercial incubator to provide 
early-stage microelectronics startups, which face 
difficulties scaling due to the high costs of 
microelectronics design and fabrication, with ac-
cess to funding resources, fabrication facilities, 
design tools, and shared intellectual property. 
‘‘(14) Such other matters as the Secretary of 
Defense determines to be relevant.’’; 
(3) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘September 
30, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘December 30, 2020’’; and 
(4) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘September 
30, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘December 30, 2020’’. 
(b) ADVISORY PANEL ON MICROELECTRONICS LEAD-
ERSHIP AND COMPETITIVENESS.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
President, in consultation with the National Security 
Council, the National Economic Council, and the Of-
198 
fice of Science and Technology Policy, shall establish 
an advisory panel on microelectronics leadership and 
competitiveness (referred to in this subsection as the 
‘‘Advisory Panel’’). 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Advisory Panel shall 
be composed of the following members: 
(A) The Secretary of Defense. 
(B) The Secretary of Energy. 
(C) The Director of the National Science 
Foundation. 
(D) The Director of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology. 
(E) The heads of such other departments 
and agencies of the Federal Government as the 
President, in consultation with the National Se-
curity Council, determines appropriate. 
(3) NATIONAL STRATEGY.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 
days after the date on which the Advisory Panel 
is established, the Panel shall develop a na-
tional strategy to— 
(i) accelerate the development and de-
ployment 
of 
state-of-the-art 
microelec-
tronics; and
199 
(ii) ensure that the United States is a 
global leader in the field of microelec-
tronics. 
(B) ELEMENTS.—The strategy developed 
under subparagraph (A) shall address the fol-
lowing: 
(i) Activities that may be carried out 
to strengthen engagement and outreach be-
tween the Department of Defense and in-
dustry, academia, international partners of 
the United States, and other departments 
and agencies of the Federal Government 
on issues relating to microelectronics. 
(ii) Science, technology, research, and 
development efforts to facilitate the ad-
vancement and adoption of microelec-
tronics and new uses of microelectronics 
and components, including efforts to— 
(I) 
accelerate 
leap-ahead 
re-
search, development, and innovation 
in microelectronics; and 
(II) deploy heterogeneously inte-
grated microelectronics for machine 
learning and other applications.
200 
(iii) The role of diplomacy and trade 
in maintaining the position of the United 
States as a global leader in the field of 
microelectronics, including the feasibility 
and advisability of— 
(I) implementing multilateral ex-
port controls tailored through direct 
coordination with key allies of the 
United States, including through the 
Wassenaar Arrangement and other 
multilateral fora, for specific semicon-
ductor manufacturing equipment such 
as extreme ultraviolet photolithog-
raphy equipment and argon fluoride 
immersion 
photolithography 
equip-
ment; 
(II) additional trade enforcement 
actions that may be initiated by the 
United States to address any unfair 
or excessive foreign semiconductor 
subsidy programs or other unfair 
microelectronics trade practices; and 
(III) the elimination of any trade 
barriers or unilateral export controls 
that harm United States companies
201 
without producing a substantial ben-
efit to the competitiveness or national 
security of the United States. 
(iv) The potential role of a national 
laboratory and incubator exclusively fo-
cused on the research and development of 
microelectronics, as described in section 
231(b)(13) of the National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Pub-
lic Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 2302 note) 
(as added by subsection (a)) in carrying 
out the strategy and plan required sub-
paragraph (A). 
(v) Such other activities as the Panel 
determines may be appropriate to over-
come looming challenges to the innovation, 
competitiveness, and supply chain integrity 
of the United States in the area of 
microelectonics. 
(c) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act— 
(1) the Secretary of Defense shall provide to 
the congressional defense committees a briefing on 
the progress of the Secretary in developing the strat-
egy and implementation plan required under section
202 
231(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 
U.S.C. 2302 note); and 
(2) the Assistant to the President for National 
Security Affairs shall provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing on the progress of the 
Advisory Panel in developing the strategy required 
under subsection (b)(3). 
(d) ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INCENTIVES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall, in consultation with the Secretary of Com-
merce, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the 
Director of National Intelligence, work with the pri-
vate sector through a public-private partnership, in-
cluding by incentivizing the formation of a consor-
tium of United States companies, to ensure the de-
velopment and production of advanced, measurably 
secure microelectronics. Such work may include pro-
viding incentives for the creation, expansion, or mod-
ernization of one or more commercially competitive 
and sustainable semiconductors manufacturing or 
advanced research and development facilities. 
(2) RISK MITIGATION REQUIREMENTS.—A par-
ticipant in a consortium formed with incentives 
under paragraph (1) shall—
203 
(A) have the potential to perform fabrica-
tion, assembly, package, or test functions for 
semiconductors deemed critical to national secu-
rity as defined by export control regulatory 
agencies in consultation with the National Secu-
rity Adviser and the Secretary of Defense; 
(B) demonstrate management processes to 
identify and mitigate supply chain security 
risks; and 
(C) be able to produce semiconductors con-
sistent with applicable measurably secure sup-
ply chain and operational security standards es-
tablished under section 224(b) of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
(Public Law 116–92). 
(3) NATIONAL
SECURITY
CONSIDERATIONS.— 
The Secretary of Defense and the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence shall select participants for the 
consortium formed with incentives under paragraph 
(1). In selecting such participants, the Secretary and 
the Director may jointly consider whether the 
United States companies— 
(A) have participated in previous programs 
and projects of the Department of Defense, De-
204 
partment of Energy, or the intelligence commu-
nity, including— 
(i) the Trusted Integrated Circuit pro-
gram of the Intelligence Advanced Re-
search Projects Activity; 
(ii) trusted and assured semiconduc-
tors projects, as administered by the De-
partment of Defense; 
(iii) the Electronics Resurgence Initia-
tive (ERI) program of the Defense Ad-
vanced Research Projects Agency; or 
(iv) relevant semiconductor research 
programs of Advanced Research Projects 
Agency–Energy; 
(B) have demonstrated an ongoing com-
mitment to performing contracts for the De-
partment of Defense and the intelligence com-
munity; 
(C) are approved by the Defense Counter-
intelligence and Security Agency or the Office 
of the Director of National Intelligence as pre-
senting an acceptable security risk, taking into 
account supply chain assurance vulnerabilities, 
counterintelligence risks, and any risks pre-
205 
sented by companies whose owners are located 
outside the United States; and 
(D) are evaluated periodically for foreign 
ownership, control, or influence by foreign enti-
ties of concern. 
(4) NONTRADITIONAL DEFENSE CONTRACTORS 
AND
COMMERCIAL
ENTITIES.—Arrangements en-
tered into to carry out paragraph (1) shall be in 
such form as the Secretary of Defense determines 
appropriate to encourage industry participation of 
nontraditional defense contractors or commercial en-
tities and may include a contract, a grant, a cooper-
ative agreement, a commercial agreement, the use of 
other transaction authority under section 2371 of 
title 10, United States Code, or another such ar-
rangement. 
(5) DISCHARGE.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall carry out paragraph (1) jointly through the Of-
fice of the Under Secretary of Defense for Research 
and Engineering and the Office of the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, 
or such other component of the Department of De-
fense as the Secretary considers appropriate. 
(6) OTHER INITIATIVES.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall dedicate initiatives within the Depart-
206 
ment of Defense to advance radio frequency, mixed 
signal, radiation tolerant, and radiation hardened 
semiconductors that support national security and 
dual-use applications. 
(7) REPORTS.— 
(A) REPORT
BY
SECRETARY
OF
DE-
FENSE.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to Congress a report on 
the plans of the Secretary to carry out para-
graph (1). 
(B) BIENNIAL REPORTS BY COMPTROLLER 
GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES.—Not later 
than 1 year after the date on which the Sec-
retary submits the report required by subpara-
graph (A) and not less frequently than once 
every 2 years thereafter for a period of 10 
years, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall submit to Congress a report on the 
activities carried out under this subsection. 
(e) REPORT UNDER
THE DEFENSE PRODUCTION 
ACT OF 1950.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
President shall submit to Congress a report on a
207 
plan for any use of authorities available in title III 
of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 
4531 et seq.) to establish or enhance a domestic pro-
duction capability for microelectronic technologies 
and related technologies, subject to— 
(A) the availability of appropriations for 
that purpose; and 
(B) a determination made under the plan 
pursuant to such title III that such technologies 
are essential to the national defense. 
(2) CONSULTATION.—The President shall de-
velop the plan required by paragraph (1) in con-
sultation with any relevant head of a Federal agen-
cy, any advisory committee established under section 
708(a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 
U.S.C. 4558), and appropriate stakeholders in the 
private sector. 
SEC. 248. ACQUISITION OF ETHICALLY AND RESPONSIBLY 
DEVELOPED 
ARTIFICIAL 
INTELLIGENCE 
TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) ASSESSMENT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense, acting through the Board of Directors 
of the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center established 
under section 224, shall conduct an assessment to deter-
208 
mine whether the Department of Defense has the ability 
to ensure that any artificial intelligence technology ac-
quired by the Department is ethically and responsibly de-
veloped. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The assessment conducted under 
subsection (a) shall address the following: 
(1) Whether the Department of Defense has 
personnel with sufficient expertise, across multiple 
disciplines, to ensure the acquisition of ethically and 
responsibly developed artificial intelligence tech-
nology, including personnel with sufficient ethical, 
legal, and technical expertise to advise on the acqui-
sition of such technology. 
(2) The feasibility and advisability of retaining 
outside experts as consultants to assist the Depart-
ment in filling any gaps in expertise identified under 
paragraph (1). 
(3) The extent to which existing acquisition 
processes encourage or require consultation with rel-
evant experts across multiple disciplines within the 
Department to ensure that artificial intelligence 
technology acquired by the Department is ethically 
and responsibly developed. 
(4) Quantitative and qualitative standards for 
assessing the extent to which experts across multiple
209 
disciplines are engaged in the acquisition of artificial 
intelligence technology by the Department. 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date on which the Secretary completes the as-
sessment under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port on the results of the assessment. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report under paragraph 
(1) shall include, based on the results of the assess-
ment— 
(A) an explanation of whether the Depart-
ment of Defense has personnel with sufficient 
expertise, across multiple disciplines, to ensure 
the acquisition of ethically and responsibly de-
veloped artificial intelligence technology; 
(B) an explanation of whether the Depart-
ment has adequate procedures to encourage or 
require the consultation of such experts as part 
of the acquisition process for artificial intel-
ligence technology; and 
(C) with respect to any deficiencies identi-
fied under subparagraph (A) or subparagraph 
(B), a description of any measures that have
210 
been taken, and any additional resources that 
may be needed, to mitigate such deficiencies. 
SEC. 249. ENHANCEMENT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE TALENT EX-
CHANGE PROGRAMS IN THE DEPARTMENT 
OF DEFENSE. 
(a) PUBLIC-PRIVATE TALENT EXCHANGE.—Section 
1599g of title 10, United States Code is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1), by amending subpara-
graph (C) to read as follows: 
‘‘(C) shall contain language ensuring that 
such employee of the Department does not im-
properly use information that such employee 
knows relates to a Department acquisition, or 
procurement for the benefit or advantage of the 
private-sector organization.’’. 
(2) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘is deemed to be an 
employee of the Department of Defense for 
the purposes of’’ and inserting ‘‘is subject 
to’’; 
(ii) by striking subparagraph (D); and 
(iii) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(E) and (F) as subparagraphs (D) and 
(E), respectively;
211 
(B) by striking paragraph (4); 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (5) as 
paragraph (4); and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) shall be required to file a Public Financial 
Disclosure Report (OGE Form 278) and the Public 
Financial Disclosure Report for a such a person and 
a description of any waivers provided to such person 
shall be made available on a publicly accessible 
website of the Department of Defense.’’. 
(b) APPLICATION OF EXCHANGE AUTHORITY TO AR-
TIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall take steps to ensure that the authority for 
the Department of Defense to operate a public-private tal-
ent exchange program pursuant to section 1599g of title 
10, United States Code, is used to exchange personnel 
with private sector entities working on artificial intel-
ligence applications. Such application of the authority of 
section 1599g shall be in addition to, not in lieu of, any 
other application of such authority by the Department of 
Defense.
212 
(c) GOALS FOR PROGRAM PARTICIPATION.—In car-
rying out the requirement of subsection (b), the Secretary 
shall seek to achieve the following objectives: 
(1) In the Secretary of Defense Executive Fel-
lows program, the nomination of an additional five 
uniformed service members and three government ci-
vilians by each service and by the Office of the Sec-
retary of Defense, for sponsorship by private sector 
entities working on artificial intelligence applica-
tions. 
(2) For the public-private talent exchange pro-
gram of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisi-
tion and Sustainment— 
(A) an additional ten government employ-
ees to work with private sector entities working 
on artificial intelligence applications; and 
(B) an additional ten employees of private 
sector entities working on artificial intelligence 
applications to work in the Department. 
(3) The establishment of the following new pub-
lic-private talent exchange programs in the Office of 
the Secretary of Defense, comparable to the pro-
gram referred to in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in the office of the Undersecretary of 
Defense for Research and Engineering, a pro-
213 
gram with twenty participants, focused on ex-
changes with private sector entities working on 
artificial intelligence applications. 
(B) in the office of the Chief Information 
Officer of the Department of Defense, a pro-
gram with twenty participants, focused on ex-
changes with private sector entities working on 
artificial intelligence applications. 
(4) In the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps, the 
establishment of new public-private exchange pro-
grams, comparable to the Air Force Education with 
Industry Program, each with twenty program par-
ticipants, focused on private sector entities working 
on artificial intelligence applications. 
(d) TREATMENT OF PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS.— 
(1) The Army, Navy, and Marine Corps shall 
take steps to ensure that participation by a service 
member in a program described in subsection (c)(4) 
is treated, for purposes of promotion boards and 
subsequent assignments, as equivalent to attending 
resident professional military education. 
(2) The Secretary of Defense shall establish a 
public-private exchange program billet office to tem-
porarily hold billets for civilian employees who par-
ticipate in programs described in subsection (b), to
214 
ensure that participating Department of Defense of-
fices are able to retain their staffing levels during 
the period of participation. 
(e) BRIEFING
ON EXPANSION
OF EXISTING EX-
CHANGE PROGRAMS.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 
the Secretary of Defense shall provide to the Committees 
on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Rep-
resentatives a briefing on the efforts undertaken to expand 
existing public-private exchange programs of the Depart-
ment of Defense and to ensure that such programs seek 
opportunities for exchanges with private sector entities 
working on artificial intelligence applications, in accord-
ance with the requirements of this section. 
SEC. 250. REPORTING ON CONTRIBUTION OF DEVELOP-
MENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE STAND-
ARDS. 
Subsection (b) of section 260 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116– 
92) is amended by adding at the end the following para-
graph: 
‘‘(11) A description of efforts of the Center and 
the Department of Defense to develop or contribute 
to the development of artificial intelligence stand-
ards, including—
215 
‘‘(A) the participation of the Center and 
the Department of Defense in international and 
multistakeholder standard-setting bodies; and 
‘‘(B) collaboration between the Center and 
Department of Defense and— 
‘‘(i) other organizations and elements 
of the Department of Defense (including 
the Defense Agencies and the military de-
partments); 
‘‘(ii) agencies of the Federal Govern-
ment; and 
‘‘(iii) private industry (including the 
defense industrial base).’’. 
Subtitle D—Sustainable Chemistry 
Research and Development 
SEC. 251. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Sustainable Chem-
istry Research and Development Act of 2020’’. 
SEC. 252. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds that— 
(1) Congress recognized the importance and 
value of sustainable chemistry in section 114 of the 
American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (Pub-
lic Law 114–329);
216 
(2) sustainable chemistry and materials trans-
formation is a key value contributor to business 
competitiveness across many industrial and con-
sumer sectors; 
(3) companies across hundreds of supply chains 
critical to the American economy are seeking to re-
duce costs and open new markets through innova-
tions in manufacturing and materials, and are in 
need of new innovations in chemistry, including sus-
tainable chemistry; 
(4) sustainable chemistry can improve the effi-
ciency with which natural resources are used to meet 
human needs for chemical products while avoiding 
environmental harm, reduce or eliminate the emis-
sions of and exposures to hazardous substances, 
minimize the use of resources, and benefit the econ-
omy, people, and the environment; and 
(5) a recent report by the Government Account-
ability Office (GAO–18–307) found that the Federal 
Government could play an important role in helping 
realize the full innovation and market potential of 
sustainable 
chemistry 
technologies, 
including 
through a coordinated national effort on sustainable 
chemistry and standardized tools and definitions to
217 
support sustainable chemistry research, development, 
demonstration, and commercialization. 
SEC. 253. NATIONAL COORDINATING ENTITY FOR SUSTAIN-
ABLE CHEMISTRY. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Of-
fice of Science and Technology Policy shall convene an 
interagency entity (referred to in this subtitle as the ‘‘En-
tity’’) under the National Science and Technology Council 
with the responsibility to coordinate Federal programs and 
activities in support of sustainable chemistry, including 
those described in sections 255 and 256. 
(b) COORDINATION WITH EXISTING GROUPS.—In 
convening the Entity, the Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy shall consider overlap and possible 
coordination with existing committees, subcommittees, or 
other groups of the National Science and Technology 
Council, such as— 
(1) the Committee on Environment; 
(2) the Committee on Technology; 
(3) the Committee on Science; or 
(4) related groups or subcommittees. 
(c) CO-CHAIRS.—The Entity shall be co-chaired by 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Pol-
icy and a representative from the Environmental Protec-
218 
tion Agency, the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology, the National Science Foundation, or the De-
partment of Energy, as selected by the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy. 
(d) AGENCY PARTICIPATION.—The Entity shall in-
clude representatives, including subject matter experts, 
from the Environmental Protection Agency, the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, the National 
Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, the De-
partment of Agriculture, the Department of Defense, the 
National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administra-
tion, and other related Federal agencies, as appropriate. 
(e) TERMINATION.—The Entity shall terminate on 
the date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act. 
SEC. 254. STRATEGIC PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY. 
(a) STRATEGIC PLAN.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Entity shall— 
(1) consult with relevant stakeholders, including 
representatives from industry, academia, national 
labs, the Federal Government, and international en-
tities, to develop and update, as needed, a consensus 
definition of ‘‘sustainable chemistry’’ to guide the 
activities under this subtitle;
219 
(2) develop a working framework of attributes 
characterizing and metrics for assessing sustainable 
chemistry, as described in subsection (b); 
(3) assess the state of sustainable chemistry in 
the United States as a key benchmark from which 
progress under the activities described in this sub-
title can be measured, including assessing key sec-
tors of the United States economy, key technology 
platforms, commercial priorities, and barriers to in-
novation; 
(4) coordinate and support Federal research, 
development, demonstration, technology transfer, 
commercialization, education, and training efforts in 
sustainable chemistry, including budget coordination 
and support for public-private partnerships, as ap-
propriate; 
(5) identify any Federal regulatory barriers to, 
and opportunities for, Federal agencies facilitating 
the development of incentives for development, con-
sideration, and use of sustainable chemistry proc-
esses and products; 
(6) identify major scientific challenges, road-
blocks, or hurdles to transformational progress in 
improving the sustainability of the chemical sciences;
220 
(7) identify other opportunities for expanding 
Federal efforts in support of sustainable chemistry; 
and 
(8) review, identify, and make efforts to elimi-
nate duplicative Federal funding and duplicative 
Federal research in sustainable chemistry. 
(b) CHARACTERIZING AND ASSESSING SUSTAINABLE 
CHEMISTRY.—The Entity shall develop a working frame-
work of attributes characterizing and metrics for assessing 
sustainable chemistry for the purposes of carrying out the 
Act. In developing this framework, the Entity shall— 
(1) seek advice and input from stakeholders as 
described in subsection (c); 
(2) consider existing definitions of, or frame-
works characterizing and metrics for assessing, sus-
tainable chemistry already in use at Federal agen-
cies; 
(3) consider existing definitions of, or frame-
works characterizing and metrics for assessing, sus-
tainable chemistry already in use by international 
organizations of which the United States is a mem-
ber, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-oper-
ation and Development; and
221 
(4) consider any other appropriate existing defi-
nitions of, or frameworks characterizing and metrics 
for assessing, sustainable chemistry. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the duties de-
scribed in subsections (a) and (b), the Entity shall consult 
with stakeholders qualified to provide advice and informa-
tion to guide Federal activities related to sustainable 
chemistry through workshops, requests for information, or 
other mechanisms as necessary. The stakeholders shall in-
clude representatives from— 
(1) business and industry (including trade asso-
ciations and small- and medium-sized enterprises 
from across the value chain); 
(2) the scientific community (including the Na-
tional Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Med-
icine, scientific professional societies, national labs, 
and academia); 
(3) the defense community; 
(4) State, Tribal, and local governments, in-
cluding nonregulatory State or regional sustainable 
chemistry programs, as appropriate; 
(5) nongovernmental organizations; and 
(6) other appropriate organizations. 
(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—
222 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this subtitle, the Entity 
shall submit a report to the Committee on Environ-
ment and Public Works, the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate, and the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the House of Represent-
atives. In addition to the elements described in sub-
sections (a) and (b), the report shall include— 
(A) a summary of federally funded, sus-
tainable chemistry research, development, dem-
onstration, technology transfer, commercializa-
tion, education, and training activities; 
(B) a summary of the financial resources 
allocated to sustainable chemistry initiatives by 
each participating agency; 
(C) an assessment of the current state of 
sustainable chemistry in the United States, in-
cluding the role that Federal agencies are play-
ing in supporting it; 
(D) an analysis of the progress made to-
ward achieving the goals and priorities of this
223 
subtitle, and recommendations for future pro-
gram activities; 
(E) an evaluation of steps taken and fu-
ture strategies to avoid duplication of efforts, 
streamline interagency coordination, facilitate 
information sharing, and spread best practices 
among participating agencies; and 
(F) an evaluation of duplicative Federal 
funding and duplicative Federal research in 
sustainable chemistry, efforts undertaken by the 
Entity to eliminate duplicative funding and re-
search, and recommendations on how to achieve 
these goals. 
(2) SUBMISSION
TO
GAO.—The Entity shall 
also submit the report described in paragraph (1) to 
the Comptroller General of the United States for 
consideration in future Congressional inquiries. 
(3) ADDITIONAL REPORTS.—The Entity shall 
submit a report to Congress and the Comptroller 
General of the United States that incorporates the 
information described in subparagraphs (a), (b), (d), 
(e), and (f) every 3 years, commencing after the ini-
tial report is submitted until the Entity terminates.
224 
SEC. 255. AGENCY ACTIVITIES IN SUPPORT OF SUSTAIN-
ABLE CHEMISTRY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The agencies participating in the 
Entity shall carry out activities in support of sustainable 
chemistry, as appropriate to the specific mission and pro-
grams of each agency. 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—The activities described in sub-
section (a) shall— 
(1) incorporate sustainable chemistry into exist-
ing research, development, demonstration, tech-
nology transfer, commercialization, education, and 
training programs, that the agency determines to be 
relevant, including consideration of— 
(A) merit-based competitive grants to indi-
vidual investigators and teams of investigators, 
including, to the extent practicable, early career 
investigators for research and development; 
(B) grants to fund collaborative research 
and development partnerships among univer-
sities, industry, and nonprofit organizations; 
(C) coordination of sustainable chemistry 
research, development, demonstration, and tech-
nology transfer conducted at Federal labora-
tories and agencies;
225 
(D) incentive prize competitions and chal-
lenges in coordination with such existing Fed-
eral agency programs; and 
(E) grants, loans, and loan guarantees to 
aid in the technology transfer and commer-
cialization of sustainable chemicals, materials, 
processes, and products; 
(2) collect and disseminate information on sus-
tainable chemistry research, development, technology 
transfer, and commercialization, including informa-
tion on accomplishments and best practices; 
(3) expand the education and training of stu-
dents at appropriate levels of education, professional 
scientists and engineers, and other professionals in-
volved in all aspects of sustainable chemistry and en-
gineering appropriate to that level of education and 
training, including through— 
(A) partnerships with industry as de-
scribed in section 256; 
(B) support for the integration of sustain-
able chemistry principles into chemistry and 
chemical engineering curriculum and research 
training, as appropriate to that level of edu-
cation and training; and
226 
(C) support for integration of sustainable 
chemistry principles into existing or new profes-
sional development opportunities for profes-
sionals including teachers, faculty, and individ-
uals involved in laboratory research (product 
development, materials specification and test-
ing, life cycle analysis, and management); 
(4) as relevant to an agency’s programs, exam-
ine methods by which the Federal agencies, in col-
laboration and consultation with the National Insti-
tute of Standards and Technology, may facilitate the 
development or recognition of validated, standard-
ized tools for performing sustainability assessments 
of chemistry processes or products; 
(5) through programs identified by an agency, 
support (including through technical assistance, par-
ticipation, financial support, communications tools, 
awards, or other forms of support) outreach and dis-
semination of sustainable chemistry advances such 
as non-Federal symposia, forums, conferences, and 
publications in collaboration with, as appropriate, in-
dustry, academia, scientific and professional soci-
eties, and other relevant groups; 
(6) provide for public input and outreach to be 
integrated into the activities described in this section
227 
by the convening of public discussions, through 
mechanisms such as public meetings, consensus con-
ferences, and educational events, as appropriate; 
(7) within each agency, develop or adapt 
metrics to track the outputs and outcomes of the 
programs supported by that agency; and 
(8) incentivize or recognize actions that advance 
sustainable chemistry products, processes, or initia-
tives, including through the establishment of a na-
tionally recognized awards program through the En-
vironmental Protection Agency to identify, publicize, 
and celebrate innovations in sustainable chemistry 
and chemical technologies. 
(d) LIMITATIONS.—Financial support provided under 
this section shall— 
(1) be available only for pre-competitive activi-
ties; and 
(2) not be used to promote the sale of a specific 
product, process, or technology, or to disparage a 
specific product, process, or technology. 
SEC. 256. PARTNERSHIPS IN SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The agencies participating in the 
Entity may facilitate and support, through financial, tech-
nical, or other assistance, the creation of partnerships be-
tween institutions of higher education, nongovernmental
228 
organizations, consortia, or companies across the value 
chain in the chemical industry, including small- and me-
dium-sized enterprises, to— 
(1) create collaborative sustainable chemistry 
research, development, demonstration, technology 
transfer, and commercialization programs; and 
(2) train students and retrain professional sci-
entists, engineers, and others involved in materials 
specification on the use of sustainable chemistry con-
cepts and strategies by methods, including— 
(A) developing or recognizing curricular 
materials and courses for undergraduate and 
graduate levels and for the professional develop-
ment of scientists, engineers, and others in-
volved in materials specification; and 
(B) publicizing the availability of profes-
sional development courses in sustainable chem-
istry and recruiting professionals to pursue 
such courses. 
(b) PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION.—To be eligi-
ble for support under this section, a partnership in sus-
tainable chemistry shall include at least one private sector 
organization. 
(c) SELECTION
OF PARTNERSHIPS.—In selecting 
partnerships for support under this section, the agencies
229 
participating in the Entity shall also consider the extent 
to which the applicants are willing and able to dem-
onstrate evidence of support for, and commitment to, the 
goals outlined in the strategic plan and report described 
in section 254. 
(d) PROHIBITED USE OF FUNDS.—Financial support 
provided under this section may not be used— 
(1) to support or expand a regulatory chemical 
management program at an implementing agency 
under a State law; 
(2) to construct or renovate a building or struc-
ture; or 
(3) to promote the sale of a specific product, 
process, or technology, or to disparage a specific 
product, process, or technology. 
SEC. 257. PRIORITIZATION. 
In carrying out this subtitle, the Entity shall focus 
its support for sustainable chemistry activities on those 
that achieve, to the highest extent practicable, the goals 
outlined in the Act. 
SEC. 258. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed to alter 
or amend any State law or action with regard to sustain-
able chemistry, as defined by the State.
230 
SEC. 
259. 
MAJOR 
MULTI-USER 
RESEARCH 
FACILITY 
PROJECT. 
Section 110 of the American Innovation and Com-
petitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s–2) is amended by strik-
ing (g)(2) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(2) MAJOR MULTI-USER RESEARCH FACILITY 
PROJECT.—The term ‘major multi-user research fa-
cility project’ means a science and engineering facil-
ity project that exceeds $100,000,000 in total con-
struction, acquisition, or upgrade costs to the Foun-
dation.’’. 
Subtitle E—Plans, Reports, and 
Other Matters 
SEC. 261. MODIFICATION TO ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DI-
RECTOR OF OPERATIONAL TEST AND EVAL-
UATION. 
Section 139(h)(2) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘Engineering,,’’ and inserting 
‘‘Engineering,’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘, through January 31, 2025’’.
231 
SEC. 262. REPEAL OF QUARTERLY UPDATES ON THE OP-
TIONALLY MANNED FIGHTING VEHICLE PRO-
GRAM. 
Section 261 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public law 116–92; 133 Stat. 
1294) is repealed. 
SEC. 263. INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF PERSONAL PRO-
TECTIVE AND DIAGNOSTIC TESTING EQUIP-
MENT. 
(a) INDEPENDENT EVALUATION REQUIRED.—The 
Director of Operational Test and Evaluation shall conduct 
an independent evaluation of— 
(1) any processes used to test the effectiveness 
of covered personal protective and diagnostic testing 
equipment; and 
(2) the results of such tests. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION.—The Secretary 
of Defense shall provide the Director of Operational Test 
and Evaluation with such information as may be necessary 
for the Director to conduct the evaluations required under 
subsection (a), including any relevant documentation re-
lating to testing processes and test results for covered per-
sonal protective and diagnostic testing equipment. 
(c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 30 days 
after the completion of each evaluation under subsection 
(a), the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation shall
232 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
on the results of the evaluation. 
(d) COVERED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE AND DIAG-
NOSTIC TESTING EQUIPMENT DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘covered personal protective and diagnostic test-
ing equipment’’ means any personal protective equipment 
or diagnostic testing equipment developed, acquired, or 
used by the Department of Defense— 
(1) in response to COVID–19; or 
(2) as part of any follow-on, long-term acquisi-
tion and distribution program for such equipment. 
SEC. 264. REPORTS ON F–35 PHYSIOLOGICAL EPISODES 
AND MITIGATION EFFORTS. 
(a) STUDY AND REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of De-
fense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall conduct 
a study to determine the underlying causes of phys-
iological episodes affecting crewmembers of F–35 
aircraft. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The study under subsection 
(a) shall include— 
(A) an examination of each physiological 
episode reported by a crewmember of an F–35 
aircraft as of the date of the enactment of this 
Act;
233 
(B) a determination as to the underlying 
cause of the episode; and 
(C) an examination of— 
(i) any long-term effects, including po-
tential long-term effects, of the episode; 
and 
(ii) any additional care an affected 
crewmember may need. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Under 
Secretary 
of 
Defense 
for 
Acquisition 
and 
Sustainment shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees a report that includes— 
(A) the results the study conducted under 
subsection (a), including a description of each 
physiological episode examined under the study 
and an explanation of the underlying cause of 
the episode; 
(B) a description of any actions that may 
be taken to address the underlying causes of 
such episodes, including any resources that may 
be required to carry out such actions; and 
(C) any other findings and recommenda-
tions of the study.
234 
(b) ANNUAL REPORTS ON MITIGATION EFFORTS.— 
The Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, 
shall include with the annual report required by section 
224(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
cal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2059), a 
detailed description of— 
(1) the efforts of the Department of Defense to 
address 
physiological 
episodes 
affecting 
crew-
members of F–35 aircraft; and 
(2) the funding allocated for such efforts. 
SEC. 265. STUDY ON MECHANISMS FOR ATTRACTING AND 
RETAINING HIGH QUALITY TALENT IN THE 
NATIONAL SECURITY INNOVATION BASE. 
(a) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall conduct a study to determine the feasibility of estab-
lishing a program to attract and retain covered individuals 
for employment in the national security innovation base. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study required under sub-
section (a) shall include an analysis of— 
(1) mechanisms the Department of Defense 
may use to engage institutions of higher education 
to assist in the identification and recruitment of cov-
ered individuals for employment in the national se-
curity innovation base;
235 
(2) monetary and nonmonetary incentives that 
may be provided to retain covered individuals in po-
sitions in the national security innovation base; 
(3) methods that may be implemented to ensure 
the proper vetting of covered individuals; 
(4) the number of covered individuals needed to 
advance the competitiveness of the research, develop-
ment, test, and evaluation efforts of the Department 
of Defense in the critical technologies identified in 
the National Defense Strategy; and 
(5) the type and amount of resources required 
to implement the program described in subsection 
(a). 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than February 1, 2021, the 
Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees a report on the results of the study con-
ducted under subsection (a). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘national security innovation 
base’’ the means the network of persons and organi-
zations, including Federal agencies, institutions of 
higher education, federally funded research and de-
velopment centers, defense industrial base entities, 
nonprofit organizations, commercial entities, and 
venture capital firms that are engaged in the mili-
236 
tary and nonmilitary research, development, funding, 
and production of innovative technologies that sup-
port the national security of the United States. 
(2) The term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 101 of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001). 
(3) The term ‘‘covered individual’’ means an in-
dividual who— 
(A) is employed by a United States em-
ployer and engaged in work to promote and 
protect the national security innovation base; 
(B) is engaged in basic or applied re-
search, funded by the Department of Defense, 
through an institution of higher education in 
the United States; and 
(C) possesses scientific or technical exper-
tise that will advance the development of crit-
ical technologies identified in the National De-
fense Strategy or the National Defense Science 
and Technology Strategy, required by section 
218 of the John S. McCain National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public 
Law 115–232; 132 Stat. 1679).
237 
SEC. 266. FUNDING FOR FORCE PROTECTION APPLIED RE-
SEARCH. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Navy, applied research, 
force 
protection 
applied 
research, 
line 
005 
(PE 
0602123N) is hereby increased by $9,000,000 (to be used 
in support of the Direct Air Capture and Blue Carbon 
Removal Technology Program authorized under section 
223 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 10 U.S.C. 2358 note)). 
(b) OFFSETS.— 
(1) Notwithstanding the amounts set forth in 
the funding tables in division D, the amount author-
ized to be appropriated in section 301 for operation 
and maintenance, as specified in the corresponding 
funding table in section 4301, for operation and 
maintenance, Air Force, admin & servicewide activi-
ties, servicewide communications, line 410 is hereby 
reduced by $4,000,000. 
(2) Notwithstanding the amounts set forth in 
the funding tables in division D, the amount author-
ized to be appropriated in section 301 for operation
238 
and maintenance, as specified in the corresponding 
funding table in section 4301, for operation and 
maintenance, Army, admin & servicewide activities, 
servicewide communications, line 440 is hereby re-
duced by $5,000,000. 
SEC. 267. FUNDING FOR HYPERSONICS PROTOTYPING. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Air Force, advanced com-
ponent development & prototypes, line 048, hypersonics 
prototyping (PE 0604033F) is hereby increased by 
$5,000,000 (to be used in support of the Air-launched 
Rapid Response Weapon Program). 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, for operation and maintenance, Space 
Force, operating forces, contractor logistics & system sup-
port, line 080 is hereby reduced by $5,000,000.
239 
SEC. 268. FUNDING FOR UNIDIRECTIONAL BODY ARMOR. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Army, advanced compo-
nent development & prototypes, line 093, soldier sys-
tems—advanced development (PE 0603827A) is hereby 
increased by $7,000,000 (to be used for the development 
of lightweight body armor fabrics). 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 201 for research, develop-
ment, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Army, advanced compo-
nent development & prototypes, line 102, technology matu-
ration initiatives (PE 0604115A) is hereby reduced by 
$7,000,000. 
SEC. 269. ASSESSMENTS OF INTELLIGENCE, DEFENSE, AND 
MILITARY IMPLICATIONS OF DEEPFAKE VID-
EOS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES. 
(a) INTELLIGENCE THREAT ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In conjunction with each an-
nual report required under section 5709(d) of the
240 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2020 (Public Law 116–92) (relating to deepfake 
technology 
and 
the 
foreign 
weaponization 
of 
deepfakes), the Director of National Intelligence 
shall submit to the Secretary of Defense and the ap-
propriate congressional committees a supplemental 
report on the intelligence, defense, and military im-
plications of deepfake videos and related tech-
nologies. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each supplemental report 
under paragraph (1) shall include— 
(A) a description of new developments with 
respect to the national security implications of 
machine-manipulated media, and intelligence 
community responses to such developments, as 
it pertains to those matters described in section 
5709(a) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92); 
(B) a description of any known efforts by 
the militaries of the People’s Republic of China 
or the Russian Federation or any governmental 
elements that provide intelligence support to 
such militaries, to deploy machine-manipulated 
media in the context of any ongoing geopolitical
241 
disputes, armed conflicts, or related operations; 
and 
(C) an assessment of additional future se-
curity risks posed by artificial intelligence tech-
nologies that facilitate the creation of machine- 
manipulated media, including security risks in 
contexts other than influence or information op-
erations (including the potential subversion of 
biometric authentication systems). 
(3) INTERIM
REPORT.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Director of National Intelligence shall submit to the 
Secretary of Defense and the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report on the preliminary find-
ings of the Director with respect to each element de-
scribed in subsection (2). 
(4) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
(B) the Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the Senate; and 
(C) the Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 
(b) MILITARY RISK ASSESSMENT.—
242 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after date on which the report under subsection 
(a)(3) is submitted to the Secretary of Defense, the 
Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees an assessment, based on the results of 
such report, of the risks posed by machine-manipu-
lated media to the operations, personnel, and activi-
ties of the Department of Defense and the Armed 
Forces. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report under paragraph 
(1) shall include the following: 
(A) An assessment of the risks posed by 
machine-manipulated media in the contexts of 
military planning, defense intelligence collec-
tion, operational decision-making, and such 
other contexts as the Secretary of Defense 
deems appropriate. 
(B) A description of how the Department 
of Defense would assess, particularly under lim-
ited time constraints, the legitimacy of ma-
chine-manipulated media purporting to depict 
activities relevant to ongoing military operations 
(such as a deepfake video purporting to depict 
a foreign government official announcing an im-
243 
pending military strike, retreat, or other tac-
tical action). 
(C) A description of any efforts of the De-
partment of Defense to combat the actual or 
potential 
creation 
of 
machine-manipulated 
media that falsely depicts or replicates biomet-
ric identifiers of Federal Government officials, 
and an assessment of the feasibility of adopting 
or developing technologies to reduce the likeli-
hood of video, audio, or visual content produced 
or distributed by the Department of Defense 
from being manipulated or exploited in such 
manner. 
(D) An assessment of the Department of 
Defense’s current machine-manipulated media 
detection capabilities, and recommendations 
with respect to improving such capabilities. 
(c) FORM.—The reports required under subsections 
(a) and (b) may be submitted in classified form, but if 
so submitted, shall be accompanied by unclassified an-
nexes. 
(d) MACHINE-MANIPULATED MEDIA DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘machine-manipulated media’’ has 
the meaning given that term in section 5724(d) of the Na-
244 
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 1 
(Public Law 116–92). 
SEC. 270. FUNDING FOR AIR FORCE UNIVERSITY RE-
SEARCH INITIATIVES. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Air Force, basic research, 
university research initiatives (PE 0601103F), line 002 
is hereby increased by $5,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, for operation and maintenance, Army, 
admin & servicewide activities, servicewide communica-
tions, line 440 is hereby reduced by $5,000,000. 
SEC. 271. MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO CARRY OUT 
CERTAIN FISCAL YEAR 2020 PROJECTS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Department of Defense is encouraging 
the liberal use of fifth generation (commonly known 
as ‘‘5G’’) information and communications tech-
245 
nology testbeds to develop useful, mission-oriented 
applications for 5G technology. 
(2) Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana, has 
the ability to serve as a large-scale test facility to 
enable rapid experimentation and dual-use applica-
tion prototyping. 
(3) Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana, has 
streamlined access to spectrum bands, mature fiber 
and wireless infrastructure, and prototyping and test 
area range access, all of which are ideal characteris-
tics for use as a 5G test bed location. 
(b) CONSIDERATION REQUIRED.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall consider using Barksdale Air Force Base, 
Louisiana, as 5G test bed installation for purposes of the 
activities carried out under section 254(b)(2)(A) of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
(Public Law 116–92; 10 U.S.C. 2223 note). 
SEC. 272. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE ROLE OF THE NA-
TIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION. 
It is the sense of Congress that the National Science 
Foundation is critical to the expansion of the frontiers of 
scientific knowledge and advancing American techno-
logical leadership in key technologies, and that in order 
to continue to achieve its mission in the face of rising chal-
lenges from strategic competitors, the National Science
246 
Foundation should receive a significant increase in fund-
ing, expand its use of its existing authorities to carry out 
new and innovative types of activities, consider new au-
thorities that it may need, and increase existing activities 
such as the convergence accelerators aimed at accelerating 
the translation of fundamental research for the economic 
and national security benefit of the United States. 
SEC. 273. FUNDING FOR NAVY UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INI-
TIATIVES. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Navy, basic research, uni-
versity research initiatives (PE 0601103N), line 001 is 
hereby increased by $5,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, for operation and maintenance, Army, 
admin & servicewide activities, servicewide communica-
tions, line 440 is hereby reduced by $5,000,000.
247 
SEC. 274. FUNDING FOR ARMY UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INI-
TIATIVES. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Army, basic research, uni-
versity research initiatives (PE 0601103A), line 003 is 
hereby increased by $5,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, for operation and maintenance, Army, 
admin & servicewide activities, servicewide communica-
tions, line 440 is hereby reduced by $5,000,000. 
SEC. 275. REPORT ON CERTAIN AWARDS BY THE AIR FORCE 
UNDER THE SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION 
RESEARCH PROGRAM AND THE SMALL BUSI-
NESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM. 
The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisi-
tion Technology and Logistics shall submit to the Commit-
tees on Armed Services of the House of Representatives 
and the Senate a report containing a list of all selections 
made by the Assistant Secretary during the preceding 5-
248 
year period under the Small Business Innovation Research 
Program or the Small Business Technology Transfer Pro-
gram (as defined under section 9(e) of the Small Business 
Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) that were not followed with fund-
ing awards. The report shall include, for each such selec-
tion— 
(1) the name and contact information of the 
company selected; and 
(2) the reason the funding award did not follow 
the selection. 
SEC. 276. FUNDING FOR BACKPACKABLE COMMUNICA-
TIONS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, Army, as specified in 
the corresponding funding table in section 4201, Network 
C3I Technology, Line 17, for the Backpackable Commu-
nications Intelligence System is hereby increased by 
$5,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, Defense-wide, as specified in the corresponding 
funding table in section 4301, for Admin & Srvwide Activi-
249 
ties, Line 360, Defense Personnel Accounting Agency is 
hereby reduced by $5,000,000. 
SEC. 277. FUNDING FOR ARMY UNIVERSITY AND INDUSTRY 
RESEARCH CENTERS. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 201 for research, 
development, test, and evaluation, as specified in the cor-
responding funding table in section 4201, for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Army, basic research, uni-
versity and industry research centers (PE 0601104A), line 
004 is hereby increased by $5,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, for operation and maintenance, Army, 
admin & servicewide activities, servicewide communica-
tions, line 440 is hereby reduced by $5,000,000. 
SEC. 278. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE ADDITIVE MANU-
FACTURING AND MACHINE LEARNING INITIA-
TIVE OF THE ARMY. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the additive manufacturing and machine 
learning initiative of the Army has the potential to
250 
accelerate the ability to deploy additive manufac-
turing capabilities in expeditionary settings and 
strengthen the United States defense industrial sup-
ply chain; and 
(2) Congress and the Department of Defense 
should continue to support the additive manufac-
turing and machine learning initiative of the Army. 
SEC. 279. TRAINEESHIPS FOR AMERICAN LEADERS TO 
EXCEL 
IN 
NATIONAL 
TECHNOLOGY 
AND 
SCIENCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and 
Engineering, shall establish a traineeship program to ex-
pand Department of Defense access to domestic scientific 
and technological talent in areas of strategic importance 
to national security. 
(b) DESIGNATION.—The traineeship program estab-
lished under subsection (a) shall be known as the 
‘‘Traineeships for American Leaders to Excel in National 
Technology and Science’’ or ‘‘TALENTS program’’ (re-
ferred to in this section as the ‘‘traineeship program’’). 
(c) PROGRAM PRIORITIES.—The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Defense Science Board and the Defense 
Innovation Board, shall determine the multidisciplinary 
fields of study on which the traineeship program will focus
251 
and, in making such determination, shall consider the core 
modernization priorities derived from the most recent na-
tional defense strategy provided under section 113(g) of 
title 10, United States Code. 
(d) PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS.—The Secretary 
shall establish partnerships with not fewer than ten eligi-
ble institutions selected by the Secretary for the purposes 
of the program under subsection (a). 
(e) PARTNERSHIP ACTIVITIES.—The activities con-
ducted under the partnerships under subsection (d) be-
tween an eligible institution and the Department of De-
fense shall include— 
(1) providing traineeships led by faculty for eli-
gible students described in subsection (h); and 
(2) establishing scientific or technical internship 
programs for such students. 
(f) PREFERENCE IN SELECTION OF INSTITUTIONS.— 
In establishing partnerships under subsection (d), the Sec-
retary shall consider— 
(1) the relevance of the eligible institution’s 
proposed partnership to existing and anticipated 
strategic national needs, as determined under sub-
section (c); 
(2) the ability of the eligible institution to effec-
tively carry out the proposed partnership;
252 
(3) the geographic location of an eligible insti-
tution as it relates to the need of the Department 
of Defense to develop specific workforce capacity and 
skills within a particular region of the country; 
(4) whether the eligible institution is a covered 
minority institution; 
(5) the extent to which the eligible institution’s 
proposal would— 
(A) include students underrepresented in 
the fields of science, technology, engineering, 
and mathematics; or 
(B) involve partnering with one or more 
covered minority institutions; and 
(6) the integration of internship opportunities 
into the program provided by the eligible institution, 
including internships with government laboratories, 
non-profit research organizations, and for-profit 
commercial entities. 
(g) GRANTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may provide 
grants to individuals who are eligible students de-
scribed in subsection (h) to— 
(A) participate in activities under sub-
section (e);
253 
(B) pay tuition, fees, and other costs asso-
ciated with participating in such activities; 
(C) pay other costs associated with partici-
pating in the traineeship program; and 
(D) pay costs associated with other sci-
entific or technical internship or fellowship pro-
grams. 
(2) AWARD
TOTALS.—The total amount of 
grants awarded to individuals at an eligible institu-
tion under this section in each fiscal year shall not 
exceed $1,000,000. 
(3) DURATION.—The duration of each grant 
under this section shall not exceed 4 years. 
(h) ELIGIBLE STUDENTS.—In order to receive any 
grant under this section, a student shall— 
(1) be a citizen or national of the United States 
or a permanent resident of the United States; 
(2) be enrolled or accepted for enrollment at an 
eligible institution in a masters or doctoral degree 
program in a field of study determined under sub-
section (c); and 
(3) if the student is presently enrolled at an in-
stitution, be maintaining satisfactory progress in the 
course of study the student is pursuing in accord-
254 
ance section 484(c) of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1091(c)). 
(i) PREFERENTIAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HIR-
ING.—The Secretary, in coordination with the Director of 
the Office of Personnel Management, shall develop and 
implement a process by which traineeship program partici-
pants shall receive preferred consideration in hiring activi-
ties conducted by the Department of Defense and each 
Department of Defense Laboratory. 
(j) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘eligible institution’’ means an in-
stitution of higher education (as defined in section 
101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1001)). 
(2) The term ‘‘covered minority institution’’ has 
the meaning given the term ‘‘covered institution’’ in 
section 262(g)(2) of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116– 
92; 10 U.S.C. 2362 note). 
(3) The term ‘‘Department of Defense Labora-
tory’’ means— 
(A) a laboratory operated by the Depart-
ment of Defense or owned by the Department 
of Defense and operated by a contractor; or
255 
(B) a facility of a Defense Agency (as de-
fined in section 101(a) of title 10, United 
States Code) at which research and develop-
ment activities are conducted. 
SEC. 280. BRIEFING AND REPORT ON USE OF DISTRIBUTED 
LEDGER TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFENSE PUR-
POSES. 
(a) BRIEFING REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Research and Engineering 
shall provide to the congressional defense commit-
tees a briefing on the potential use of distributed 
ledger technology for defense purposes. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—This briefing under para-
graph (1) shall include— 
(A) an explanation of how distributed ledg-
er technology may be used by the Department 
of Defense to— 
(i) improve cybersecurity, beginning at 
the hardware level, of vulnerable assets 
such as energy, water, and transport grids 
through distributed versus centralized com-
puting;
256 
(ii) reduce single points of failure in 
emergency and catastrophe decision-mak-
ing by subjecting decisions to consensus 
validation through distributed ledger tech-
nologies; 
(iii) improve the efficiency of defense 
logistics and supply chain operations; 
(iv) enhance the transparency of pro-
curement auditing; and 
(v) allow innovations to be adapted by 
the private sector for ancillary uses; and 
(B) any other information that the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Research and Engi-
neering determines to be appropriate. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engi-
neering shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report on the research, development, 
and use of distributed ledger technologies for de-
fense purposes. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report under paragraph 
(1) shall include—
257 
(A) a summary of the key points from the 
briefing provided under subsection (a); 
(B) an analysis of activities that other 
countries, including the People’s Republic of 
China and the Russian Federation, are carrying 
out with respect to the research and develop-
ment of distributed ledger technologies, includ-
ing estimates of the types and amounts of re-
sources directed by such countries to such ac-
tivities; 
(C) recommendations identifying additional 
research and development activities relating to 
distributed ledger technologies that should be 
carried out by the Department of Defense and 
cost estimates for such activities; and 
(D) an analysis of the potential benefits 
of— 
(i) consolidating research on distrib-
uted ledger technologies within the Depart-
ment; and 
(ii) developing within the Department 
a single hub or center of excellence for re-
search on distributed ledger technologies; 
and
258 
(E) any other information that the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Research and Engi-
neering determines to be appropriate. 
SEC. 281. ADMISSION OF ESSENTIAL SCIENTISTS AND 
TECHNICAL EXPERTS TO PROMOTE AND PRO-
TECT THE NATIONAL SECURITY INNOVATION 
BASE. 
(a) SPECIAL IMMIGRANT STATUS.—In accordance 
with the procedures established under subsection (f)(1), 
and subject to subsection (c)(1), the Secretary of Home-
land Security may provide an alien described in subsection 
(b) (and the spouse and children of the alien if accom-
panying or following to join the alien) with the status of 
a special immigrant under section 101(a)(27) of the Immi-
gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)), if the 
alien— 
(1) submits a classification petition under sec-
tion 
204(a)(1)(G)(i) 
of 
such 
Act 
(8 
U.S.C. 
1154(a)(1)(G)(i)); and 
(2) is otherwise eligible to receive an immigrant 
visa and is otherwise admissible to the United States 
for permanent residence. 
(b) ALIENS DESCRIBED.—An alien is described in 
this subsection if— 
(1) the alien—
259 
(A) is employed by a United States em-
ployer and engaged in work to promote and 
protect the National Security Innovation Base; 
(B) is engaged in basic or applied re-
search, funded by the Department of Defense, 
through a United States institution of higher 
education (as defined in section 101 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001)); or 
(C) possesses scientific or technical exper-
tise that will advance the development of crit-
ical technologies identified in the National De-
fense Strategy or the National Defense Science 
and Technology Strategy, required by section 
218 of the John S. McCain National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public 
Law 115–232; 132 Stat. 1679 ); and 
(2) the Secretary of Defense issues a written 
statement to the Secretary of Homeland Security 
confirming that the admission of the alien is essen-
tial to advancing the research, development, testing, 
or evaluation of critical technologies described in 
paragraph (1)(C) or otherwise serves national secu-
rity interests. 
(c) NUMERICAL LIMITATIONS.—
260 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The total number of prin-
cipal aliens who may be provided special immigrant 
status under this section may not exceed— 
(A) 10 in each of fiscal years 2021 
through 2030; and 
(B) 100 in fiscal year 2031 and each fiscal 
year thereafter. 
(2) EXCLUSION
FROM
NUMERICAL
LIMITA-
TIONS.—Aliens provided special immigrant status 
under this section shall not be counted against the 
numerical limitations under sections 201(d), 202(a), 
and 203(b)(4) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1151(d), 1152(a), and 1153(b(4)). 
(d) DEFENSE COMPETITION FOR SCIENTISTS AND 
TECHNICAL EXPERTS.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall develop and implement a process to select, on a com-
petitive basis from among individuals described in section 
(b), individuals for recommendation to the Secretary of 
Homeland Security for special immigrant status described 
in subsection (a). 
(e) AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary of Defense shall authorize appropriate personnel 
of the Department of Defense to use all personnel and 
management authorities available to the Department, in-
261 
cluding the personnel and management authorities pro-
vided to the science and technology reinvention labora-
tories, the Major Range and Test Facility Base (as de-
fined in 196(i) of title 10, United States Code), and the 
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. 
(f) PROCEDURES.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Home-
land Security and Secretary of Defense shall jointly estab-
lish policies and procedures implementing the provisions 
in this section, which shall include procedures for— 
(1) processing of petitions for classification sub-
mitted under subsection (a)(1) and applications for 
an immigrant visa or adjustment of status, as appli-
cable; and 
(2) thorough processing of any required secu-
rity clearances. 
(g) FEES.—The Secretary of Homeland Security 
shall establish a fee to— 
(1) be charged and collected to process an ap-
plication filed under this section; and 
(2) that is set at a level that will ensure recov-
ery of the full costs of such processing and any addi-
tional costs associated with the administration of the 
fees collected.
262 
(h) IMPLEMENTATION
REPORT
REQUIRED.—Not 
later than 360 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security and Sec-
retary of Defense shall jointly submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that includes— 
(1) a plan for implementing the authorities pro-
vided under this section; and 
(2) identification of any additional authorities 
that may be required to assist the Secretaries in 
fully implementing section. 
(i) PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REPORT.— 
(1) EVALUATION.—The Comptroller General of 
the United States shall conduct an evaluation of the 
competitive program and special immigrant program 
described in subsections (a) through (g). 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than October 1, 2025, 
the Comptroller General shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report on the re-
sults of the evaluation conducted under paragraph 
(1). 
(j) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means—
263 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate. 
(2) The term ‘‘National Security Innovation 
Base’’ means the network of persons and organiza-
tions, including Federal agencies, institutions of 
higher education, federally funded research and de-
velopment centers, defense industrial base entities, 
nonprofit organizations, commercial entities, and 
venture capital firms that are engaged in the mili-
tary and non-military research, development, fund-
ing, and production of innovative technologies that 
support the national security of the United States. 
TITLE III—OPERATION AND 
MAINTENANCE 
Subtitle A—Authorization of 
Appropriations 
SEC. 301. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for 
fiscal year 2021 for the use of the Armed Forces and other 
activities and agencies of the Department of Defense for 
expenses, not otherwise provided for, for operation and
264 
maintenance, as specified in the funding table in section 
4301. 
SEC. 302. FUNDING FOR ARMY COMMUNITY SERVICES. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated in section 301 for operation 
and maintenance for Army base operations support, line 
100, as specified in the corresponding funding table in sec-
tion 4301, for Army Community Services is hereby in-
creased by $30,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, for Army Force Readiness Operations Support, 
line 070, as specified in the corresponding funding table 
in section 4301, is hereby reduced by $15,000,000. 
(c) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance, for Army Land Forces Operations Support, as 
specified in the corresponding funding table in section 
4301, line 050, is hereby reduced by $15,000,000.
265 
SEC. 303. INCREASE IN FUNDING FOR AIR FORCE RESERVE 
CONTRACTOR SYSTEMS SUPPORT. 
(a) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount au-
thorized to be appropriated for operation and mainte-
nance, Defense-wide Operating Forces, as specified in the 
corresponding funding table in section 4301, for Special 
Operations Command maintenance, Line 70, is hereby in-
creased by $22,000,000. 
(b) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set forth 
in the funding tables in division D, the amount authorized 
to be appropriated for operation and maintenance, Air 
Force Operating Forces, as specified in the corresponding 
funding table in section 4301, Administration and Service- 
Wide Activities, Line 400, is hereby reduced by 
$22,000,000. 
Subtitle B—Energy and 
Environment 
SEC. 311. MILITARY AVIATION AND INSTALLATION ASSUR-
ANCE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR REVIEW OF MIS-
SION OBSTRUCTIONS. 
Section 183a(c) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through 
(6) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
266 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-
lowing new paragraph (4): 
‘‘(4) If, after issuing the notices of presumed risk re-
quired by paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary of De-
fense later concludes for any reason that the energy 
project will not have an adverse impact on military readi-
ness, the Clearinghouse shall notify the applicant and the 
governor in writing of that conclusion.’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘Any setback for a project pursuant to the 
previous sentence shall not be more than what is de-
termined to be necessary by a technical analysis con-
ducted by the Lincoln Laboratory at the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology or any successor enti-
ty.’’. 
SEC. 312. MILITARY AVIATION AND INSTALLATION ASSUR-
ANCE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR REVIEW OF MIS-
SION OBSTRUCTIONS. 
Section 183a(c) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through 
(6) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-
lowing new paragraph (4):
267 
‘‘(4) If, after issuing the notices of presumed risk re-
quired by paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary of De-
fense later concludes for any reason that the energy 
project will not have an adverse impact on military readi-
ness, the Clearinghouse shall notify the applicant and the 
governor in writing of that conclusion.’’. 
SEC. 313. AGREEMENTS TO LIMIT ENCROACHMENTS AND 
OTHER CONSTRAINTS ON MILITARY TRAIN-
ING, TESTING, AND OPERATIONS. 
Section 2684a of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘An agree-
ment under this section may be entered into with’’ 
and inserting ‘‘For purposes of this section, the term 
‘eligible entity’ means’’; and 
(2) in subsection (d)(1)(A), by striking ‘‘the en-
tity’’ and inserting ‘‘the eligible entity’’. 
SEC. 314. MODIFICATION OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION AUTHORI-
TIES TO INCLUDE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 
FACILITIES USED BY NATIONAL GUARD. 
Section 2707(e) of title 10, United States Code, as 
added by section 316 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92, is 
amended—
268 
(1) by inserting ‘‘where military activities are 
conducted by the state National Guard under title 
32,’’ after ‘‘facility’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sen-
tence: ‘‘The Secretary concerned may also utilize the 
authority in section 2701(d) of this title for these 
environmental restoration projects.’’. 
SEC. 315. INCREASED TRANSPARENCY THROUGH REPORT-
ING ON USAGE AND SPILLS OF AQUEOUS 
FILM-FORMING FOAM AT MILITARY INSTAL-
LATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 160 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new section: 
‘‘§ 2712. Reporting on usage and spills of aqueous 
film-forming foam 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 48 hours after 
the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Environ-
ment receives notice of the usage or spill of aqueous film- 
forming foam, either as concentrate or mixed foam, at any 
military installation, the Deputy Assistant Secretary shall 
submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Sen-
ate and House of Representatives notice of such usage or 
spill. Each such notice shall include each of the following:
269 
‘‘(1) The name of the installation where the 
usage or spill occurred. 
‘‘(2) The date on which the usage or spill oc-
curred. 
‘‘(3) The amount, type, and specified concentra-
tion of aqueous film-forming foam that was used or 
spilled. 
‘‘(4) The cause of the usage or spill. 
‘‘(5) A summary narrative of the usage or spill. 
‘‘(6) A description of what actions have been 
taken to arrest and clean up the spill. 
‘‘(7) A description of coordination with relevant 
local and State authorities and environmental pro-
tection agencies. 
‘‘(b) ACTION PLAN.—Not later than 30 days after 
submitting notice of a usage or spill under subsection (a), 
the Deputy Assistant Secretary shall submit to the Com-
mittees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of 
Representatives an action plan for addressing such usage 
or spill.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
at the beginning of such chapter is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item: 
‘‘2712. Reporting on usage and spills of aqueous film-forming foam.’’.
270 
SEC. 316. REPLACEMENT OF NON-TACTICAL MOTOR VEHI-
CLES AT THE END OF SERVICE LIFE WITH 
ELECTRIC OR HYBRID MOTOR VEHICLES. 
Section 2922g of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as 
subsections (c) and (d), respectively; 
(2) by inserting after subsection (a) the fol-
lowing new subsection (b): 
‘‘(b) END OF LIFE REPLACEMENT.—Upon the end 
of the lease or service life of a motor vehicle, the Secretary 
of the military department or the head of the Defense 
Agency shall, to the maximum extent possible, replace 
such motor vehicle with a motor vehicle that uses an elec-
tric or hybrid propulsion system, including a plug-in hy-
brid system.’’; 
(3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘Subsection (a) does not’’ and inserting 
‘‘Subsections (a) and (b) do not’’; 
(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘The preference required by subsection (a) 
does not’’ and inserting ‘‘The preference under sub-
section (a) and the requirement under subsection (b) 
do not’’; and 
(5) by inserting after subsection (d) the fol-
lowing new subsection:
271 
‘‘(e) INCLUSION OF OFF-ROAD VEHICLES.—In this 
section, the term ‘motor vehicle’ includes off-road vehicles, 
including construction or agricultural equipment.’’. 
SEC. 317. BUDGETING OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE RE-
LATING TO OPERATIONAL ENERGY IMPROVE-
MENT. 
The Secretary of Defense shall include in the annual 
budget submission of the President under section 1105(a) 
of title 31, United States Code, a dedicated budget line 
item for fielding operational energy improvements, includ-
ing such improvements for which funds from the Oper-
ational Energy Capability Improvement Fund have been 
expended to create the operational and business case for 
broader employment. 
SEC. 318. ASSESSMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
OPERATIONAL ENERGY USAGE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall enter into an agreement with a federally funded re-
search and development center with relevant expertise 
under which such center shall conduct an assessment of 
Department of Defense operational energy usage, includ-
ing an agency-wide view and breakdowns of progress by 
service branch.
272 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The assessment required under 
subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) an analysis of the extent to which the De-
partment of Defense developed an integrated oper-
ational energy strategy and the extent to which each 
of the military departments has implemented such 
strategy; 
(2) an analysis of the viability of implementing 
net zero initiatives or meeting net zero goals within 
the operational energy enterprise without negatively 
impacting mission capability; 
(3) an analysis of fossil fuel reduction regimes 
that may maximize reduction of reliance on fossil 
fuels, including impacts of lowering the reliance on 
fossil fuels, decreasing the need for refueling con-
voys, overcoming the tyranny of distance within 
United States Indo-Pacific Command through hybrid 
or other fuel efficient propulsion systems, and en-
ergy production, storage, and distribution systems 
that enhance logistics supply chain resiliency; 
(4) a description of the options for achieving 
fossil fuel reduction benchmarks with respect to 
operational energy of 25 percent, 50 percent, 75 per-
cent, and 100 percent, using fiscal year 2020 as the 
benchmark, including anticipated funding require-
273 
ments, statutory requirements, infrastructure needs, 
and timeframes; and 
(5) an analysis of the integration between en-
ergy offices with program offices, budget, and oper-
ational planners within the Department of Defense 
and military departments, and recommendations for 
improving coordination. 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required under 
this section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 319. IMPROVEMENT OF THE OPERATIONAL ENERGY 
CAPABILITY IMPROVEMENT FUND OF THE 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) MANAGEMENT OF THE OPERATIONAL ENERGY 
CAPABILITY IMPROVEMENT FUND.—The Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall exercise 
authority, direction, and control over the Operational En-
ergy Capability Improvement Fund of the Department of 
Defense (in this section referred to as the ‘‘OECIF’’). 
(b) ALIGNMENT AND COORDINATION WITH RELATED 
PROGRAMS.— 
(1) REALIGNMENT OF OECIF.—Not later than 
60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense shall realign the OECIF 
under the Assistant Secretary of Defense for
274 
Sustainment, with such realignment to include per-
sonnel positions adequate for the mission of the 
OECIF. 
(2) BETTER
COORDINATION
WITH
RELATED 
PROGRAMS.—The Assistant Secretary shall ensure 
that this placement facilitates better alignment be-
tween OECIF, the Strategic Environmental Re-
search Program, the Environmental Security Tech-
nology Certification Program, and the Operational 
Energy Prototyping Program is utilized to advance 
common goals of the Department, promote organiza-
tional synergies, and avoid unnecessary duplication 
of effort. 
(c) PROGRAM FOR OPERATIONAL ENERGY PROTO-
TYPING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Commencing not later than 
90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense, through the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, 
shall carry out a program for the demonstration of 
technologies related to operational energy proto-
typing, including demonstration of operational en-
ergy technology and validation prototyping. 
(2) OPERATION OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the program under paragraph (1)
275 
operates in conjunction with the OECIF to promote 
the transfer of innovative technologies that have suc-
cessfully established proof of concept for use in pro-
duction or in the field. 
(3) PROGRAM ELEMENTS.—In carrying out the 
program under paragraph (1) the Secretary shall— 
(A) identify and demonstrate the most 
promising, innovative, and cost-effective tech-
nologies and methods that address high-priority 
operational energy requirements of the Depart-
ment of Defense; 
(B) in conducting demonstrations under 
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall— 
(i) collect cost and performance data 
to overcome barriers against employing an 
innovative technology because of concerns 
regarding technical or programmatic risk; 
and 
(ii) ensure that components of the De-
partment have time to establish new re-
quirements where necessary and plan, pro-
gram, and budget for technology transition 
to programs of record; 
(C) utilize project structures similar to 
those of the OECIF to ensure transparency and
276 
accountability throughout the efforts conducted 
under the program; and 
(D) give priority, in conjunction with the 
OECIF, to the development and fielding of 
clean technologies that reduce reliance on fossil 
fuels. 
(4) TOOL FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSI-
TION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
program under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall develop and utilize a tool to track relevant 
investments in operational energy from applied 
research to transition to use to ensure user or-
ganizations have the full picture of technology 
maturation and development. 
(B) TRANSITION.—The tool developed and 
utilized under subparagraph (A) shall be de-
signed to overcome transition challenges with 
rigorous and well-documented demonstrations 
that provide the information needed by all 
stakeholders for acceptance of the technology. 
SEC. 320. FIVE-YEAR REVIEWS OF CONTAINMENT TECH-
NOLOGIES RELATING TO RED HILL BULK 
FUEL STORAGE FACILITY. 
(a) REVIEWS.—
277 
(1) REVIEWS REQUIRED.—At least once every 5 
years, the Secretary of the Navy shall conduct a re-
view of available technologies relating to the contain-
ment of fuel to determine whether any such tech-
nology may be used to improve the containment of 
fuel with respect to storage tanks located at the Red 
Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Hawaii. 
(2) DEADLINE FOR INITIAL REVIEW.—The Sec-
retary shall begin the first review under paragraph 
(1) by not later than the date that is 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(b) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date on which a review conducted under subsection (a) is 
completed, the Secretary shall provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing on— 
(1) any technology identified in such review 
that the Secretary determines may be used to im-
prove the containment of fuel with respect to storage 
tanks located at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Fa-
cility; and 
(2) the feasibility and cost of implementing any 
such technology at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage 
Facility. 
(c) TERMINATION.—The requirements to conduct re-
views under subsection (a) and provide briefings under
278 
subsection (b) shall terminate on the date on which the 
Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility ceases operation, as 
determined by the Secretary of the Navy. 
SEC. 321. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR ACQUISITION 
OF FURNISHED ENERGY FOR RHINE ORD-
NANCE BARRACKS ARMY MEDICAL CENTER. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or otherwise made available for the Department 
of Defense for fiscal year 2021 may be used to enter into 
a contract for the acquisition of furnished energy for the 
new Rhine Ordnance Barracks Army Medical Center 
(hereafter referred to as the ‘‘Medical Center’’) before the 
date on which Secretary of Defense submits to the con-
gressional defense committees a written certification that 
the Medical Center does not use any energy sourced from 
inside the Russian Federation as a means of generating 
the furnished energy. 
SEC. 322. REQUIREMENT TO UPDATE DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE CLIMATE CHANGE ROADMAP. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than February 1, 2022, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees 
on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Represent-
atives an update to the Department of Defense 2014 Cli-
mate Change Adaptation Roadmap. Such update shall in-
clude an outline of the strategy and implementation plan
279 
of the Department to address the current and foreseeable 
effects of climate change on the mission of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(b) ELEMENTS OF STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION 
PLAN.—The strategy and implementation plan required to 
be included in the update under subsection (a) shall in-
clude— 
(1) a description of the overarching approach of 
the Department to climate adaptation and climate 
mitigation measures; 
(2) a discussion of the current and foreseeable 
effects of climate change on— 
(A) plans and operations, including— 
(i) military readiness; 
(ii) increased frequency of extreme 
weather 
events, 
including 
flooding, 
drought, desertification, wildfires, thawing 
permafrost, hurricanes, and extreme heat; 
(iii) conflicts or disputes, emerging 
threats, and instability caused or exacer-
bated by climate change, including tensions 
related to drought, famine, infectious dis-
ease, geoengineering, energy transitions, 
extreme weather, migration, and competi-
tion for scarce resources;
280 
(iv) increased demand for Defense 
Support for Civil Authorities and disaster 
or humanitarian relief operations; 
(v) the operating environment of the 
Arctic and of the strategic and geopolitical 
implications of a progressively more ice- 
free Arctic Ocean; and 
(vi) alteration or limitation on oper-
ation environments; 
(B) training and testing, including— 
(i) changes in land carrying capacity; 
(ii) increased maintenance and repair 
requirements for equipment and infrastruc-
ture; 
(iii) health of military personnel, in-
cluding mitigation of infectious diseases, 
heat stress and heat-related illnesses re-
sulting from increasing temperatures; 
(iv) increased dust generation, air pol-
lution, and fire hazards; and 
(v) maintaining testing and training 
capacity to support increased operations 
and civil support missions; 
(C) built and natural infrastructure, in-
cluding—
281 
(i) military installation resilience, as 
such term is defined in section 101(e)(8) 
of title 10, United States Code, of installa-
tions both within and outside the United 
States and its possessions and territories 
and of the State-owned National Guard in-
stallations of the several States; 
(ii) resilience of the air and sea ports 
of our allies and partners that are critical 
to the training, deployment, and operations 
of the armed forces of the United States 
and its allies and partners; 
(iii) resilience of the deployment sys-
tem and structure of the Department of 
Defense and of the United States, includ-
ing the strategic highway network, the 
strategic rail network, and designated stra-
tegic air and sea ports; 
(iv) best practices for modeling and 
mitigating risks posed to military installa-
tions by increased inundation, erosion, 
flood, wind, and fire damage; 
(v) changing energy demand at mili-
tary installations to include heating and
282 
cooling, particularly in communities experi-
encing grid stress; 
(vi) disruption and competition for re-
liable energy and water resources; 
(vii) geoengineering and energy tran-
sitions; 
(viii) 
increased 
maintenance 
and 
sustainment costs; 
(ix) damage to natural and con-
structed infrastructure from thawing per-
mafrost and sea ice; and 
(x) the effects of climate stress on 
community support infrastructure, includ-
ing roads, transportation hubs, and med-
ical facilities; 
(D) acquisition and supply chain, includ-
ing— 
(i) measures to ensure that the cur-
rent and projected future scale and im-
pacts of climate change are fully consid-
ered in the research, development, testing, 
and acquisition of major weapon systems 
and of associated supplies and equipment; 
(ii) required alterations of stockpiles;
283 
(iii) reduced or changed availability 
and access to materials, equipment, and 
supplies, including water and food sources; 
(iv) disruptions in fuel availability and 
distribution; 
(v) estimated climate security invest-
ments required to address foreseeable costs 
incurred or influenced by climate change 
for each of the lines of effort in this re-
port, including extreme weather response, 
over the next 5, 10, and 20 years, with 
topline estimates and a qualitative discus-
sion of cost drivers for each; and 
(vi) equipment and infrastructure in-
vestments required to address a changing 
Arctic environment; and 
(E) such other matters as the Secretary 
determines appropriate; and 
(3) a list of the ten most concerning existing or 
emerging conflicts or threats that pose a risk to the 
security of the United States that may be exacer-
bated by climate change. 
(c) ASSESSMENTS AND PROJECTIONS OF THE SCOPE 
AND SCALE OF CLIMATE CHANGE.—In preparing the up-
284 
date to the climate change roadmap as required under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider— 
(1) climate projections from the Global Change 
Research Office, National Climate Assessment, the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
and other Federal agencies; and 
(2) data on, and analysis of, the national secu-
rity effects of climate prepared by the Climate Secu-
rity Advisory Council of the Office of the Director 
of National Intelligence established pursuant to sec-
tion 120 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3060) and by other elements of the intel-
ligence community. 
(d) FORM.—The update to the climate change road-
map required under subsection (a) shall be submitted in 
an unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. 
If the Secretary determines that the inclusion of a classi-
fied annex is necessary, the Secretary shall conduct an in- 
person briefing for Members of the Committees on Armed 
Services of the Senate and House of Representatives by 
not later than 90 days after date of the submission of the 
update.
285 
SEC. 323. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REPORT ON DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE INSTALLATION ENERGY. 
(a) GAO REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
of the United States shall submit to the Committees on 
Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representa-
tives a report on the progress of the Department of De-
fense toward reaching net zero goals, including an agency- 
wide view and breakdowns of progress by service branch. 
(b) CONTENTS OF REPORT.—The report required 
under subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) an analysis of the extent to which the De-
partment of Defense has implemented net zero ini-
tiatives to date and developed a forward-looking in-
tegrated net zero strategy for energy, emissions, 
water, and waste management and the extent to 
which each of the military departments has imple-
mented such strategy; 
(2) a description of the current challenges to 
implementing net zero initiatives or meeting net zero 
goals and the degree to which the Department of 
Defense and the military departments have ad-
dressed applied lessons learned; 
(3) a cost-benefit analysis of net zero initiatives, 
including a description of how such costs and bene-
fits are identified, tracked, and validated;
286 
(4) a description of the feasibility of achieving 
net zero benchmarks of 25 percent, 50 percent, 75 
percent, and 100 percent of the energy, emissions, 
water, and waste management levels for 2020, in-
cluding anticipated funding requirements, statutory 
requirements, infrastructure needs, and timeframes; 
and 
(5) an analysis of the integration between en-
ergy offices with program offices, budget, and oper-
ational planners within the Department of Defense 
and military departments across the enterprise, and 
recommendations for improving coordination. 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required under 
this section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 324. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE REPORT ON EMIS-
SIONS LEVELS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Department of Defense shall submit to the Committees 
on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Represent-
atives and to the Comptroller General a report on the total 
level of emissions for each of the last 10 fiscal years. Such 
emissions levels shall include the agency-wide total, break-
287 
downs by military department, and delineations between 
installation and operational emissions. 
(b) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required under 
this section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 325. OBJECTIVES, PERFORMANCE STANDARDS, AND 
CRITERIA FOR USE OF WILDLIFE CONSERVA-
TION BANKING PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—To ensure opportunities for De-
partment of Defense participation in wildlife conservation 
banking programs pursuant to section 2694c of title 10, 
United States Code, the Secretary of the Interior, acting 
through the Director of the United States Fish and Wild-
life Service, shall issue regulations of general applicability 
establishing objectives, measurable performance stand-
ards, and criteria for use, consistent with the Endangered 
Species Act (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), for mitigation bank-
ing offsetting effects on a species, or habitat of such spe-
cies, that is endangered, threatened, a candidate for list-
ing, or otherwise at risk under such Act. To the maximum 
extent practicable, the regulatory standards and criteria 
shall maximize available credits and opportunities for miti-
gation, provide flexibility for characteristics of various spe-
cies, and apply equivalent standards and criteria to all 
mitigation banks.
288 
(b) DEADLINE FOR REGULATIONS.—The Secretary 
of the Interior, acting through the Director of the United 
States Fish and Wildlife Service, shall publish an advance 
notice of proposed rulemaking for the regulations required 
by subsection (a) by not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 
326. 
OFFSHORE 
WIND 
ENERGY 
DEVELOPMENT, 
MORRO BAY, CALIFORNIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) Since 2016, the Department of Defense and 
Department of the Navy have been working with 
State and Federal stakeholders to determine wheth-
er a commercial lease for the development of renew-
able energy off the coast of Morro Bay, California 
could be developed in a manner that is compatible 
with the training and readiness requirements of the 
Department of Defense. 
(2) Military readiness and the ability to conduct 
realistic training are critical to our national security; 
however, energy security and other ocean uses are 
also important. These interests should be balanced 
to the extent practicable when analyzing offshore en-
ergy proposals.
289 
(3) In August 2019, Members of Congress, the 
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Sustainment, sen-
ior officials from other Federal agencies, and state 
and local elected representatives met to discuss a 
path forward to accommodate wind energy develop-
ment off the Central Coast of California while ensur-
ing the Department of Defense was able to continue 
meeting its testing, training, and operational re-
quirements. 
(4) Following the initial meeting in August 
2019, the stakeholder group continued meeting at 
roughly monthly intervals through 2019 and into 
2020 to discuss options and work towards a mutu-
ally agreeable solution for renewable energy develop-
ment and continued military testing, training, and 
operational requirements off the Central Coast of 
California. 
(5) In May 2020, the Assistant Secretary of the 
Navy for Energy, Installations, and Environment 
notified stakeholders that despite the previous year 
of negotiations, it was his view any wind energy de-
velopments off the Central Coast of California may 
not be viewed as being compatible with military ac-
tivities. This unilateral decision was made abruptly, 
without providing any supporting analysis or ac-
290 
knowledgment of the progress and commitments 
made during previous negotiations, and was not in 
the spirit of cooperation and collaboration that had 
driven the previous 9 months of stakeholder engage-
ments. 
(6) Stakeholder confidence in the Department 
of Defense review process is paramount. Abrupt and 
unilateral changes of course erode confidence and 
undermine the State, local, and industry trust in a 
fair, transparent, and predictable adjudication of po-
tential conflicts. 
(7) In early 2019, in order to create continuity 
between the offshore and terrestrial processes, the 
Department of Defense consolidated its review of 
proposed energy development projects so that off-
shore energy proposals were now included in the 
Military Aviation and Installation Assurance Clear-
inghouse (the Clearinghouse). The Clearinghouse 
has a proven record for reviewing proposed energy 
development projects through a fair and transparent 
process. The Morro Bay proposal pre-dates this con-
solidation but underwent a similar Department of 
Defense led compatibility review. 
(8) Congress has generally supported the trans-
parent and fair Clearinghouse review process, as well
291 
as all efforts between the Department of Defense 
and other stakeholders to reach solutions that allow 
for the development of energy projects in a manner 
that is compatible with military testing, training, 
and operational requirements. 
(9) Legislating a solution to a specific energy 
development proposal should only be reserved for 
rare occasions. Due to Navy’s abrupt and unilateral 
decision to walk away from productive negotiations, 
after months of good-faith efforts by other stake-
holders and public engagement, the threshold for 
congressional intervention has been reached. 
(b) RESPONSIBILITY.—All interaction on behalf of 
the Department of the Navy with the California Energy 
Commission, Federal agencies, State and local govern-
ments, and potential energy developers regarding proposed 
offshore wind energy off the central coast of California 
shall be performed through the Office of the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment. 
(c) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT; LIMITATION.— 
(1) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide to the Committees on 
Armed Services and the Committee on Natural Re-
sources of the House of Representatives a briefing
292 
on status of the review by the Offshore Energy 
Working Group of the request to locate at least two 
offshore wind lease areas proximate to and within 
the Morro Bay Call Area. Such briefing shall in-
clude— 
(A) a detailed map that shows any areas 
identified; 
(B) proposed mitigations that would enable 
compatible development in the areas identified; 
(C) any unresolved issues; and 
(D) any other terms of the agreement 
reached with the California Energy Commis-
sion, other Federal agencies, State and local 
governments, and potential energy developers. 
(2) LIMITATION.—The Secretary of Defense 
may not issue a final offshore wind assessment that 
proposes wind exclusion areas and may not object to 
an offshore energy project in the Central Coast of 
California that has filed for review by the Military 
Aviation and Installation Assurance Clearinghouse 
until the Secretary provides the briefing required 
under paragraph (1). 
(d) LIMITATION
ON
USE
OF
FUNDS.—Of the 
amounts authorized to be appropriated by this Act or oth-
erwise made available for the Department of Defense for
293 
fiscal year 2021, not more than 75 percent may be obli-
gated or expended for the Office of the Assistant Secretary 
of the Navy for Energy, Installations, and Environment 
until the date that is 30 days after the date on which the 
briefing required under subsection (c)(1) is provided. 
SEC. 327. LONG-DURATION DEMONSTRATION INITIATIVE 
AND JOINT PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF INITIATIVE.—Not later than 
January 15, 2021, the Director of the Environmental Se-
curity Technology Certification Program of the Depart-
ment of Defense (hereinafter in this section referred to 
as the ‘‘Director’’) may establish a demonstration initia-
tive composed of demonstration projects focused on the 
development of long-duration energy storage technologies. 
(b) SELECTION OF PROJECTS.—To the maximum ex-
tent practicable, in selecting demonstration projects to 
participate in the demonstration initiative under sub-
section (a), the Director may— 
(1) ensure a range of technology types; 
(2) ensure regional diversity among projects; 
and 
(3) consider bulk power level, distribution power 
level, behind-the-meter, microgrid (grid-connected or 
islanded mode), and off-grid applications. 
(c) JOINT PROGRAM.—
294 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—As part of the dem-
onstration initiative under subsection (a), the Direc-
tor, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, 
may establish within the Department of Defense a 
joint program to carry out projects— 
(A) to demonstrate promising long-dura-
tion energy storage technologies at different 
scales to promote energy resiliency; and 
(B) to help new, innovative long-duration 
energy storage technologies become commer-
cially viable. 
(2) MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING.—Not 
later than 200 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director may enter into a memo-
randum of understanding with the Secretary of En-
ergy to administer the joint program. 
(3) INFRASTRUCTURE.—In carrying out the 
joint program, the Director and the Secretary of En-
ergy may— 
(A) use existing test-bed infrastructure 
at— 
(i) installations of the Department of 
Defense; and 
(ii) facilities of the Department of En-
ergy; and
295 
(B) develop new infrastructure for identi-
fied projects, if appropriate. 
(4) GOALS AND METRICS.—The Director and 
the Secretary of Energy may develop goals and 
metrics for technological progress under the joint 
program consistent with energy resilience and energy 
security policies. 
(5) SELECTION OF PROJECTS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—To the maximum ex-
tent practicable, in selecting projects to partici-
pate in the joint program, the Director and the 
Secretary of Energy may— 
(i) ensure that projects are carried 
out under conditions that represent a vari-
ety of environments with different physical 
conditions and market constraints; and 
(ii) ensure an appropriate balance 
of— 
(I) 
larger, 
operationally-scaled 
projects, adapting commercially-prov-
en technology that meets military 
service defined requirements; and 
(II) smaller, lower-cost projects. 
(B) PRIORITY.—In carrying out the joint 
program, the Director and the Secretary of En-
296 
ergy may give priority to demonstration 
projects that— 
(i) make available to the public 
project information that will accelerate de-
ployment of long-duration energy storage 
technologies that promote energy resil-
iency; and 
(ii) will be carried out as field dem-
onstrations fully integrated into the instal-
lation grid at an operational scale. 
SEC. 328. PRIZES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NON-PFAS-CON-
TAINING FIRE-FIGHTING AGENT. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Defense, acting 
through 
the 
Assistant 
Secretary 
of 
Defense 
for 
Sustainment and the Strategic Environmental Research 
and Development Program, may carry out a program to 
award cash prizes and other types of prizes that the Sec-
retary determines are appropriate to recognize out-
standing achievements in the development of a non-PFAS- 
containing fire-fighting agent to replace aqueous film- 
forming foam with the potential for application to the per-
formance of the military missions of the Department of 
Defense. 
(b) COMPETITION
REQUIREMENTS.—A program 
under subsection (a) shall use a competitive process for
297 
the selection of recipients of cash prizes. The process shall 
include the widely-advertised solicitation of submissions of 
research results, technology developments, and prototypes. 
(c) LIMITATIONS.—The following limitations shall 
apply to a program under subsection (a): 
(1) No prize competition may result in the 
award of a prize with a fair market value of more 
than $5,000,000. 
(2) No prize competition may result in the 
award of more than $1,000,000 in cash prizes with-
out the approval of the Assistant Secretary of De-
fense for Sustainment. 
(3) No prize competition may result in the 
award of a solely nonmonetary prize with a fair mar-
ket value of more than $10,000 without the approval 
of 
the 
Assistant 
Secretary 
of 
Defense 
for 
Sustainment. 
(d) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER AUTHORITY.—A pro-
gram under subsection (a) may be carried out in conjunc-
tion with or in addition to the exercise of any other author-
ity of the Department of Defense. 
(e) USE OF PRIZE AUTHORITY.—Use of prize author-
ity under this section shall be considered the use of com-
petitive procedures for the purposes of section 2304 of 
title 10, United States Code.
298 
(f) PFAS.—In this section, the term ‘‘PFAS’’ 
means— 
(1) man-made chemicals of which all of the car-
bon atoms are fully fluorinated carbon atoms; and 
(2) man-made chemicals containing a mix of 
fully fluorinated carbon atoms, partially fluorinated 
carbon atoms, and nonfluorinated carbon atoms. 
(g) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out a 
program under this section shall terminate on October 1, 
2024. 
SEC. 329. SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEPARTMENT 
OF DEFENSE APPLICATION IN PHASING OUT 
THE USE OF FLUORINATED AQUEOUS FILM- 
FORMING FOAM. 
(a) SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall conduct a survey of relevant technologies, 
other than fire-fighting agent solutions, to determine 
whether any such technologies are available and can be 
adapted for use by the Department of Defense to facilitate 
the phase-out of fluorinated aqueous film-forming foam. 
The technologies surveyed under this subsection shall in-
clude hangar flooring systems, fire-fighting agent delivery 
systems, containment systems, and other relevant tech-
nologies the Secretary determines appropriate.
299 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report on the re-
sults of the survey conducted under subsection (a). Such 
report shall include— 
(1) a description of the technologies included in 
the survey; 
(2) a list of the technologies that were consid-
ered for further testing or analysis; and 
(3) any technologies that are undergoing addi-
tional analysis for possible application within the 
Department. 
SEC. 330. INTERAGENCY BODY ON RESEARCH RELATED TO 
PER- AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy, acting through the Na-
tional Science and Technology Council, shall establish an 
interagency working group to coordinate Federal activities 
to advance research and development needed to address 
PFAS. 
(b) AGENCY PARTICIPATION.—The interagency work-
ing group shall include a representative of each— 
(1) the Environmental Protection Agency; 
(2) the National Institute of Environmental 
Health Sciences;
300 
(3) the Agency for Toxic Substances and Dis-
ease Registry; 
(4) the National Science Foundation; 
(5) the Department of Defense; 
(6) the National Institutes of Health; 
(7) the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology; 
(8) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration; 
(9) the Department of the Interior; 
(10) the Department of Transportation; 
(11) the Department of Homeland Security; 
(12) the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration; 
(13) the National Toxicology Program; 
(14) the Department of Agriculture; 
(15) the Geological Survey; 
(16) the Department of Commerce; 
(17) the Department of Energy; 
(18) the Office of Information and Regulatory 
Affairs; 
(19) the Office of Management and Budget; 
and 
(20) any such other Federal department or 
agency as the President considers appropriate.
301 
(c) CO-CHAIRS.—The Interagency working group 
shall be co-chaired by the Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy and, on an annual rotating basis, 
a representative from a Member agency, as selected by the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. 
(d) RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE WORKING GROUP.— 
The interagency working group established under sub-
section (a) shall— 
(1) provide for interagency coordination of Fed-
erally funded PFAS research and development; and 
(2) not later than 12 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, develop a strategic plan for 
Federal support for PFAS research and development 
(to be updated not less than every 2 years) that— 
(A) identifies all current Federally funded 
PFAS research and development, including the 
nature and scope of such research and develop-
ment and the amount of funding associated 
with such research and development during the 
current fiscal year, disaggregated by agency; 
(B) identifies scientific and technological 
challenges that must be addressed to under-
stand and to significantly reduce the environ-
mental and human health impacts of PFAS and 
to identify cost-effective—
302 
(i) alternatives to PFAS that are de-
signed to be safer and more environ-
mentally friendly; 
(ii) methods for removal of PFAS 
from the environment; and 
(iii) methods to safely destroy or de-
grade PFAS; 
(C) 
establishes 
goals, 
priorities, 
and 
metrics for Federally funded PFAS research 
and development that takes into account the 
current state of research and development iden-
tified in paragraph (A) and the challenges iden-
tified in paragraph (B); and 
(D) an implementation plan for Federal 
agencies. 
(e) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strategic plan 
under subsection (d), the interagency working group shall 
consult with states, tribes, territories, local governments, 
appropriate industries, academic institutions and non-
governmental organizations with expertise in PFAS re-
search and development, treatment, management, and al-
ternative development. 
(f) ANNUAL REPORT.—For each fiscal year begin-
ning with fiscal year 2022, not later than 90 days after 
submission of the President’s annual budget request for
303 
such fiscal year, the Interagency working group shall pre-
pare and submit to Congress a report that includes— 
(1) a summary of Federally funded PFAS re-
search and development for such fiscal year and the 
preceding fiscal year, including a disaggregation of 
spending for each participating Federal agency; and 
(2) a description of how Federal agencies are 
implementing the strategic plan described in sub-
section (d). 
(g) PFAS RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT.—The 
term ‘‘PFAS research and development’’ includes any re-
search or project that has the goal of accomplishing the 
following: 
(1) The removal of PFAS from the environ-
ment. 
(2) The safe destruction or degradation of 
PFAS. 
(3) The development and deployment of safer 
and more environmentally friendly alternative sub-
stances that are functionally similar to those made 
with PFAS. 
(4) The understanding of sources of environ-
mental PFAS contamination and pathways to expo-
sure for the public.
304 
(5) The understanding of the toxicity of PFAS 
to humans and animals. 
SEC. 331. RESTRICTION ON PROCUREMENT BY DEFENSE 
LOGISTICS AGENCY OF CERTAIN ITEMS CON-
TAINING 
PERFLUOROALKYL 
SUBSTANCES 
AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—The Director of the Defense Lo-
gistics Agency may not procure any covered item con-
taining a perfluoroalkyl substance or polyfluoroalkyl sub-
stance. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘covered item’’ means— 
(A) non-stick cookware or food service 
ware for use in galleys or dining facilities; 
(B) food packaging materials; 
(C) furniture or floor waxes; 
(D) carpeting, rugs, or upholstered fur-
niture; 
(E) personal care items; 
(F) dental floss; and 
(G) sunscreen. 
(2) The term ‘‘perfluoroalkyl substance’’ means 
a man-made chemical of which all of the carbon 
atoms are fully fluorinated carbon atoms.
305 
(3) The term ‘‘polyfluoroalkyl substance’’ 
means a man-made chemical containing a mix of 
fully fluorinated carbon atoms, partially fluorinated 
carbon atoms, and nonfluorinated carbon atoms. 
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall take effect 
on the date that is one year after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act. 
SEC. 332. STANDARDS FOR REMOVAL OR REMEDIAL AC-
TIONS WITH RESPECT TO PFOS OR PFOA 
CONTAMINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In conducting removal or reme-
dial actions pursuant to the Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 
1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) or section 332 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
(Public Law 116–92) of PFOS or PFOA contamination 
from Department of Defense or National Guard activities 
found in drinking water or in groundwater that is not cur-
rently used for drinking water, the Secretary of Defense 
shall ensure that such actions result in a level that meets 
or exceeds the most stringent of the following standards 
for PFOS or PFOA in any environmental media: 
(1) An enforceable State standard, in effect in 
that State, for drinking, surface, or ground water, as 
described in section 121(d)(2)(A)(ii) of the Com-
306 
prehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, 
and 
Liability 
Act 
of 
1980 
(42 
U.S.C. 
9621(d)(2)(A)(ii)). 
(2) An enforceable Federal standard for drink-
ing, surface, or ground water, as described in section 
121(d)(2)(A)(i) of the Comprehensive Environmental 
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 
(42 U.S.C. 9621(d)(2)(A)(i)). 
(3) 
A 
health 
advisory 
under 
section 
1412(b)(1)(F) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 
U.S.C. 300g–1(b)(1)(F)). 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘PFOA’’ means perfluorooctanoic 
acid. 
(2) The term ‘‘PFOS’’ means perfluorooctane 
sulfonate. 
(3) The terms ‘‘removal’’ and ‘‘remedial action’’ 
have the meanings given those terms in section 101 
of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 
9601). 
(c) SAVINGS CLAUSE.—Except with respect to the 
specific level required to be met under subsection (a), 
nothing in this section affects the application of the Com-
307 
prehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9607). 
SEC. 333. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE 
TO AQUEOUS FILM-FORMING FOAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the National Institute of Standards and Tech-
nology and in consultation with appropriate stakeholders 
and manufactures, research institutions, and other Fed-
eral agencies shall award grants and carry out other ac-
tivities to— 
(1) promote and advance the research and de-
velopment of additional alternatives to aqueous film- 
forming foam (in this section referred to as 
‘‘AFFF’’) containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl sub-
stances (in this section referred to as ‘‘PFAS’’) to 
facilitate the development of a military specification 
and subsequent fielding of a PFAS-free fire-fighting 
foam; 
(2) advance the use of green and sustainable 
chemistry for a fluorine-free alternative to AFFF; 
(3) increase opportunities for sharing best prac-
tices within the research and development sector 
with respect to AFFF; 
(4) assist in the testing of potential alternatives 
to AFFF; and
308 
(5) provide guidelines on priorities with respect 
to an alternative to AFFF. 
(b) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out 
the program required under subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall— 
(1) take into consideration the different uses of 
AFFF and the priorities of the Department of De-
fense in finding an alternative; 
(2) prioritize green and sustainable chemicals 
that do not pose a threat to public health or the en-
vironment; and 
(3) use and leverage research from existing De-
partment of Defense programs. 
(c) REPORT.—The Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress a report on— 
(1) the priorities and actions taken with respect 
to finding an alternative to AFFF and the imple-
mentation of such priorities; and 
(2) any alternatives the Secretary has denied, 
and the reason for any such denial. 
(d) USE OF FUNDS.—This section shall be carried 
out using amounts authorized to be available for the Stra-
tegic Environmental Research and Development Program.
309 
SEC. 334. NOTIFICATION TO AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS 
LOCATED IN AREAS EXPOSED TO DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE PFAS USE. 
(a) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 60 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Agriculture, shall provide a notification described in sub-
section (b) to any agricultural operation located within 10 
square miles of a location where covered PFAS— 
(1) has been detected in groundwater; 
(2) has been hydrologically linked to a local 
water source, including a water well; and 
(3) is suspected to be, or due to a positive test 
known to be, the result of the use of PFAS at any 
installation of the Department of Defense located in 
the United States or any State-owned facility of the 
National Guard. 
(b) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.—The notifica-
tion required under subparagraph (a) shall include: 
(1) The name of the Department of Defense or 
National Guard installation from which the PFAS 
contamination in groundwater originated. 
(2) The specific type of PFAS detected in 
groundwater. 
(3) The detection levels of PFAS detected.
310 
(4) Relevant governmental information regard-
ing the health and safety of the covered PFAS de-
tected, including relevant Federal or State standards 
for PFAS in groundwater, livestock, food commod-
ities and drinking water, and any known restrictions 
for sale of agricultural products that have been irri-
gated or watered with water containing PFAS. 
(c) ADDITIONAL TESTING RESULTS.—The Secretary 
of Defense shall provide to an agricultural operation that 
receives a notice under subsection (a) any pertinent up-
dated information, including any results of new elevated 
testing, by not later than 15 days after receiving such in-
formation. 
(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House 
of Representatives a report on the status of providing no-
tice under subsection (a). Such report shall include, for 
the period covered by the report— 
(1) the approximate locations of such oper-
ations relative to installations of the Department of 
Defense located in the United States and State- 
owned facilities of the National Guard;
311 
(2) the PFAS substances detected in ground-
water; and 
(3) the levels of PFAS detected. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘covered PFAS’’ means each of 
the following: 
(A) Perfluorooctanoic acid (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘PFOA’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 335–67–1). 
(B) Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (com-
monly referred to as ‘‘PFOS’’) (Chemical Ab-
stracts Service No. 1763–23–1). 
(C) Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid ( com-
monly referred to as ‘‘PFBS’’) (Chemical Ab-
stracts Service No. 375–73–5). 
(D) Perfluorohexane sulfonate (commonly 
referred to as ‘‘PFHxs’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 108427–53–8). 
(E) Perfluoroheptanoic acid (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘PFHpA’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 375–85–9). 
(F) Perfluorohexanoic acid (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘PFHxA’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 307–24–4).
312 
(G) Perfluorodecanoic acid (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘PFDA’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 335–76–2). 
(H) Perfluorononanoic acid (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘PFNA’’) (Chemical Abstracts 
Service No. 375–95–1). 
(2) The term ‘‘PFAS’’ means a perfluoroalkyl 
or polyfluoroalkyl substance with at least one fully 
fluorinated carbon atom, including the chemical 
GenX. 
SEC. 335. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF RESULTS OF DEPART-
MENT 
OF 
DEFENSE 
TESTING 
FOR 
PERFLUOROALKYL OR POLYFLUOROALKYL 
SUBSTANCES. 
(a) PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF PFAS TESTING.—The 
Secretary of Defense shall publicly disclose the results of 
any testing for perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances 
(commonly referred to as ‘‘PFAS’’) conducted on military 
installations or formerly used defense sites, and any test-
ing for lead or copper at a Department education activity 
facility, including— 
(1) all such testing results conducted by the 
Department of Defense; and 
(2) all such testing results conducted by a non- 
Department entity (including any Federal agency
313 
and any public or private entity) under contract by 
or pursuant to an agreement with the Department 
of Defense. 
(b) NATURE OF DISCLOSURE.—The Secretary of De-
fense may satisfy the disclosure requirement under sub-
section (a) by publishing the information, datasets, and 
results relating to the testing referred to in such sub-
section— 
(1) on the publicly available website established 
under section 331(b) of the National Defense Au-
thorization Act of 2020 (Public Law 116–92) by not 
later than 7 days after such information, datasets, 
and results become available; 
(2) on another publicly available website of the 
Department of Defense by not later than 7 days 
after such information, datasets, and results become 
available; or 
(3) in the Federal Register by not later than 30 
days after such information, datasets, and results 
become available. 
(c) REQUIREMENTS.—The information required to be 
disclosed by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (a) 
and published under subsection (b) shall—