H. R. 133—1159 
experts, and other aviation safety experts, to provide and 
discuss any observations, feedback, and best practices; 
(G) a review of processes currently in place to ensure 
that when carrying out the certification of a new aircraft 
type, or an amended type, the cumulative effects that new 
technologies, and the interaction between new technologies 
and unchanged systems for an amended type certificate, 
may have on pilot interactions with aircraft systems are 
properly assessed through system safety assessments or 
otherwise; and 
(H) a review of processes currently in place to account 
for any necessary adjustments to system safety assess-
ments, pilot procedures and training requirements, or 
design requirements when there are changes to the 
assumptions relied upon by the Administration and manu-
facturers of transport category aircraft in the design and 
certification of such aircraft. 
(3) REPORT
AND
RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not later than 30 
days after the conclusion of the expert safety review pursuant 
to paragraph (1), the Administrator shall submit to the congres-
sional committees of jurisdiction a report on the results of 
the review, including any recommendations for actions or best 
practices to ensure the FAA and the manufacturers of transport 
category aircraft have accounted for pilot response assumptions 
to be relied upon in the design and certification of transport 
category aircraft and tools or methods identified to better 
integrate human factors throughout the process for such certifi-
cation. 
(4) INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT.—The Administrator shall 
notify other international regulators that certify transport cat-
egory aircraft type designs of the expert panel report and 
encourage them to review the report and evaluate their regula-
tions and processes in light of the recommendations included 
in the report. 
(5) TERMINATION.—The expert safety review shall end upon 
submission of the report required pursuant to paragraph (3). 
(6) REGULATIONS.—The Administrator shall issue or update 
such regulations as are necessary to implement the rec-
ommendations of the expert safety review that the Adminis-
trator determines are necessary to improve aviation safety. 
(d) CALL TO ACTION ON AIRMAN CERTIFICATION STANDARDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of enactment of this title, the Administrator shall initiate a 
call to action safety review of pilot certification standards in 
order to bring stakeholders together to share lessons learned, 
best practices, and implement actions to address any safety 
issues identified. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The call to action safety review required 
under paragraph (1) shall include— 
(A) a review of Administration regulations, guidance, 
and directives related to the pilot certification standards, 
including the oversight of those processes; 
(B) a review of revisions made to the pilot certification 
standards for certificates over the last 5 years, including 
any possible effects on pilot competency in manual flying 
skills and effectively managing automation to improve 
safety; and
H. R. 133—1160 
(C) a process for aviation stakeholders, including avia-
tion students, instructors, designated pilot examiners, 
pilots, airlines, labor, and aviation safety experts, to provide 
and discuss any observations, feedback, and best practices. 
(3) REPORT
AND
RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not later than 90 
days after the conclusion of the call to action safety review 
pursuant to paragraph (1), the Administrator shall submit to 
the congressional committees of jurisdiction a report on the 
results of the review, any recommendations for actions or best 
practices to ensure pilot competency in basic manual flying 
skills and in effective management of automation, and actions 
the Administrator will take in response to the recommenda-
tions. 
(e) INTERNATIONAL PILOT TRAINING.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Transportation, the 
Administrator, and other appropriate officials of the Govern-
ment shall exercise leadership in setting global standards to 
improve air carrier pilot training and qualifications for— 
(A) monitoring and managing the behavior and 
performance of automated systems; 
(B) controlling the flightpath of aircraft without 
autoflight systems engaged; 
(C) effectively utilizing and managing autoflight sys-
tems, when appropriate; 
(D) effectively identifying situations in which the use 
of autoflight systems is appropriate and when such use 
is not appropriate; and 
(E) recognizing and responding appropriately to non- 
normal conditions. 
(2) 
INTERNATIONAL
LEADERSHIP.—The 
Secretary, 
the 
Administrator, and other appropriate officials of the Govern-
ment shall exercise leadership under paragraph (1) by working 
with— 
(A) foreign counterparts of the Administrator in the 
ICAO and its subsidiary organizations; 
(B) other international organizations and fora; and 
(C) the private sector. 
(3) CONSIDERATIONS.—In exercising leadership under para-
graph (1), the Secretary, the Administrator, and other appro-
priate officials of the Government shall consider— 
(A) the latest information relating to human factors; 
(B) aircraft manufacturing trends, including those 
relating to increased automation in the cockpit; 
(C) the extent to which cockpit automation improves 
aviation safety and introduces novel risks; 
(D) the availability of opportunities for pilots to practice 
manual flying skills; 
(E) the need for consistency in maintaining and 
enhancing manual flying skills worldwide; 
(F) recommended practices of other countries that 
enhance manual flying skills and automation management; 
and 
(G) whether a need exists for initial and recurrent 
training standards for improve pilots’ proficiency in manual 
flight and in effective management of autoflight systems. 
(4) CONGRESSIONAL BRIEFING.—The Secretary, the Adminis-
trator, and other appropriate officials of the Government shall
H. R. 133—1161 
provide to the congressional committees of jurisdiction regular 
briefings on the status of efforts undertaken pursuant to this 
subsection. 
(f) INTERNATIONAL AVIATION SAFETY.—Section 40104(b) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘The Administrator shall’’ and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) BILATERAL
AND
MULTILATERAL
ENGAGEMENT; TECH-
NICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Administrator shall— 
‘‘(A) in consultation with the Secretary of State, engage 
bilaterally and multilaterally, including with the Inter-
national Civil Aviation Organization, on an ongoing basis 
to bolster international collaboration, data sharing, and 
harmonization of international aviation safety require-
ments including through— 
‘‘(i) 
sharing 
of 
continued 
operational 
safety 
information; 
‘‘(ii) prioritization of pilot training deficiencies, 
including manual flying skills and flight crew training, 
to discourage over reliance on automation, further bol-
stering the components of airmanship; 
‘‘(iii) encouraging the consideration of the safety 
advantages of appropriate Federal regulations, which 
may include relevant Federal regulations pertaining 
to flight crew training requirements; and 
‘‘(iv) prioritizing any other flight crew training 
areas that the Administrator believes will enhance all 
international aviation safety; and 
‘‘(B) seek to expand technical assistance provided by 
the Federal Aviation Administration in support of 
enhancing international aviation safety, including by— 
‘‘(i) promoting and enhancing effective oversight 
systems, including operational safety enhancements 
identified through data collection and analysis; 
‘‘(ii) promoting and encouraging compliance with 
international safety standards by counterpart civil 
aviation authorities; 
‘‘(iii) 
minimizing 
cybersecurity 
threats 
and 
vulnerabilities across the aviation ecosystem; 
‘‘(iv) supporting the sharing of safety information, 
best practices, risk assessments, and mitigations 
through established international aviation safety 
groups; and 
‘‘(v) providing technical assistance on any other 
aspect of aviation safety that the Administrator deter-
mines is likely to enhance international aviation 
safety.’’. 
(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is author-
ized to be appropriated to the Administrator, $2,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2021 through 2023, to carry out section 
40104(b)(2) of title 49, United States Code (as added by para-
graph (2)). 
(g) ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN AVIATION AUTHORITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 40113(e)(1) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘The Administrator may
H. R. 133—1162 
also provide technical assistance related to all aviation safety- 
related training and operational services in connection with 
bilateral and multilateral agreements, including further bol-
stering the components of airmanship.’’ after the first sentence. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 40113(e) 
of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(5) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is author-
ized to be appropriated to the Administrator, $5,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2021 through 2023, to carry out this sub-
section. Amounts appropriated under the preceding sentence 
for any fiscal year shall remain available until expended.’’. 
(h) SENSE
OF CONGRESS REGARDING INTERNATIONAL PILOT 
TRAINING STANDARDS.— 
(1) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following findings: 
(A) Increased reliance on automation in commercial 
aviation risks a degradation of pilot skills in flight path 
management using manual flight control. 
(B) Manual flight skills are essential for pilot con-
fidence and competence. 
(C) During the 40th Assembly of ICAO, the United 
States, Canada, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago presented 
a working paper titled, ‘‘Pilot Training Improvements to 
Address Automation Dependency’’. 
(D) The working paper outlines recommendations for 
the Assembly to mitigate the consequences of automation 
dependency, including identifying competency requirements 
for flight path management using manual flight control 
and assessing the need for new or amended international 
standards or guidance. 
(2) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that, 
as soon as practicable— 
(A) the recommendations included in the working paper 
titled ‘‘Pilot Training Improvements to Address Automation 
Dependency’’ offered by the United States at the 40th 
Assembly of ICAO should be made a priority by the 
Assembly; and 
(B) the United States should work with ICAO and 
other international aviation safety groups, further bol-
stering the components of airmanship. 
SEC. 120. NONCONFORMITY WITH APPROVED TYPE DESIGN. 
Section 44704(d) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) NONCONFORMITY WITH APPROVED TYPE DESIGN.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Consistent with the requirements 
of paragraph (1), a holder of a production certificate for 
an aircraft may not present a nonconforming aircraft, either 
directly or through the registered owner of such aircraft 
or a person described in paragraph (2), to the Administrator 
for issuance of an initial airworthiness certificate. 
‘‘(B) CIVIL PENALTY.—Notwithstanding section 46301, 
a production certificate holder who knowingly violates 
subparagraph (A) shall be liable to the Administrator for 
a civil penalty of not more than $1,000,000 for each noncon-
forming aircraft.