(4) establishing a mechanism for regular con-
sultations with representatives of relevant Federal 
departments and agencies, multilateral institutions, 
private voluntary organizations, cooperatives, the 
private sector, and other nongovernmental organiza-
tions to develop the strategy described in subsection 
(b) and to consult on methodologies, conditions in 
targeted countries, progress toward goals, and other 
relevant information about needs and interventions. 
(b) CONTENT OF STRATEGY.—The strategy referred 
to in subsection (a) (3) and (4) is a comprehensive food 
security strategy that shall— 
(1) recognize chronic hunger as a symptom of 
under-development; 
(2) target the underlying causes of food insecu-
rity with approaches that link emergency assistance 
with productive safety nets, increased agricultural 
productivity, market development, food-based ap-
proaches to nutrition, and rural infrastructure devel-
opment; 
(3) utilize data to target and customize pack-
ages of interventions within regions and countries to 
best meet recipient needs and most effectively utilize 
resources; 
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(4) focus, concentrate, and sustain resources to 
ensure the scale and duration of effort necessary to 
produce long-term change in the most food insecure 
countries, regions, and populations; 
(5) utilize investments in agricultural develop-
ment to improve family livelihood and stimulate 
broad-based economic growth whenever appropriate; 
(6) prioritize and support the central role of 
women in agricultural production and related activi-
ties in the countries of operation; 
(7) include assessment and monitoring of the 
effects of global climate change in the countries of 
operation as well as activities focused on adapting to 
observed and anticipated effects; 
(8) prioritize the enhancement of natural re-
sources and ecosystem goods and services, and the 
reduction of negative environmental impacts from 
agricultural activities through sustainable natural re-
source management practices including by building 
local capacity and transferring skills and knowledge; 
(9) utilize low-technology, appropriate tech-
nology, and advanced technology solutions as nec-
essary to promote program sustainability and cost- 
effectiveness; 
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(10) incorporate land tenure, resource rights, 
and legal reform programs, especially those targeted 
at securing equal protections for women; 
(11) include specific and measurable goals, 
benchmarks, and time frames, and a plan of action 
to achieve the objectives described in section 101; 
(12) to the greatest extent possible— 
(A) build upon recipient country and re-
gional strategies for addressing sustainable ag-
ricultural development, such as the Comprehen-
sive Africa Agriculture Development Program; 
(B) leverage the resources of private sector 
providers of agriculture inputs, processors, and 
marketers, including through the Global Devel-
opment Alliances of the United States Agency 
for International Development and other meas-
ures; 
(C) utilize the skills and knowledge of the 
academic and research community, private vol-
untary organizations and cooperatives, and 
other program implementers; 
(D) coordinate, harmonize, and align 
United States food security efforts with similar 
efforts of international organizations, inter-
national financial institutions, the governments 
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of developing and developed countries, and 
United States and international nongovern-
mental organizations; 
(E) incorporate approaches directed at 
reaching people living in extreme poverty, con-
sidering the full range of food security needs, 
including availability, access, consumption and 
utilization of food; and 
(F) ensure programs and approaches ad-
dress the special needs of women farmers, 
women living in poverty, and the needs of all 
poor people who are agriculturalists, pastoral-
ists, or otherwise engaged in agriculture-related 
enterprises; 
(13) include and provide appropriate linkages 
with United States international health programs, 
such as the Maternal and Child Health programs 
and the President’s Emergency Plan for HIV/AIDS 
Relief; 
(14) include and provide appropriate linkages 
with existing United States international water, en-
ergy, and biodiversity programs, as well as any fu-
ture international forest and global climate change 
programs; 
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(15) reflect a whole-of-government approach 
that incorporates and encompasses the programs of 
relevant Federal departments and agencies that en-
gage in some aspect of food security, including the 
Department of State, the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Department of Agri-
culture, the Peace Corps, the Department of De-
fense, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the 
Department of the Treasury, the Office of the 
United States Trade Representative, and the De-
partment of Health and Human Services; and 
(16) provide annual monitoring and evaluation 
of the program that includes the use of gender anal-
ysis to assess progress against the specific goals, 
benchmarks, and time frames identified in para-
graph (11) and spanning the key components of the 
strategy of emergency nutritional assistance, agricul-
tural development, and associated infrastructure, 
and productive safety nets. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION.—The United States Agency 
for International Development shall be the lead agency in 
implementing the strategy described in subsection (b). The 
Administrator shall ensure that the Agency’s bureaus, of-
fices, overseas missions, and programs relating to food se-
curity or supporting food security objectives are coordi-
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