and 27, 2023, corresponding with the 1-year 
anniversary 
of 
Russia’s 
unjustified 
and 
unprovoked invasion of Ukraine; 
(C) authorizing a United States-sanctioned 
Russian military cargo airplane to land at a 
South African Air Force Base; 
(D) reneging on its initial call for the Rus-
sian Federation to immediately withdraw its 
forces from Ukraine and actively seeking im-
proved relations with Moscow since February 
2022; and 
(E) dispatching multiple high-level official 
delegations to Russia to further political, intel-
ligence, and military cooperation. 
(6) South African Government interactions with 
the PRC Government and ANC interactions with the 
Chinese Communist Party (‘‘CCP’’), who are com-
mitting gross violations of human rights in the 
Xinjiang province and implement economically coer-
cive tactics around the globe, undermine South Afri-
ca’s democratic constitutional system of governance, 
as exemplified in— 
(A) ongoing ANC and CCP inter-party co-
operation, especially with the fundamental in-
compatibility between the civil and democratic 
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rights guaranteed in South Africa’s Constitu-
tion and the CCP’s routine suppression of free 
expression and individual rights; 
(B) the recruitment of former United 
States and NATO fighter pilots to train Chi-
nese People’s Liberation Army pilots at the 
Test Flying Academy of South Africa which the 
Department of Commerce added to the Entity 
List on June 12, 2023; 
(C) South Africa’s hosting of 6 PRC Gov-
ernment-backed and CCP-linked Confucius In-
stitutes, a type of entity that a CCP official 
characterized as an ‘‘important part of the 
CCP’s external propaganda structure’’, the 
most of any country in Africa; 
(D) South Africa’s participation in a polit-
ical training school opened in Tanzania funded 
by the Chinese Communist Party where it 
trains political members of the ruling liberation 
movements in six Southern African countries. 
The school instills CCP ideology into the next- 
generation of African leaders and attempts to 
export the CCP’s system of party-run authori-
tarian governance to the African continent; 
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(E) cooperation with the PRC under the 
PRC’s global Belt and Road Initiative which, 
while trade and infrastructure-focused, is de-
signed to expand PRC global economic, polit-
ical, and security sector-related influence; and 
(F) the widespread presence in South Afri-
ca’s media and technology sectors of PRC state 
linked firms that the United States has re-
stricted due to threats to national security, in-
cluding 
Huawei 
Technologies, 
ZTE 
and 
Hikvision, which place South African sov-
ereignty at risk and facilitate the CCP’s export 
of its model of digitally aided authoritarian gov-
ernance underpinned by cyber controls, social 
monitoring, propaganda, and surveillance. 
(7) The ANC-led South African Government 
has a history of substantially mismanaging a range 
of state resources and has often proven incapable of 
effectively delivering public services, threatening the 
South African people and the South African econ-
omy, as illustrated by— 
(A) President Cyril Ramaphosa’s February 
9, 2023, declaration of a national state of dis-
aster over the worsening, multi-year power cri-
sis caused by the ANC’s chronic mismanage-
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ment of the state-owned power company 
Eskom, resulting from endemic, high-level cor-
ruption; 
(B) the persistence of South African state- 
owned railway company Transnet’s insufficient 
capacity, which has disrupted rail operations 
and hindered mining companies’ export of iron 
ore, coal, and other commodities, in part due to 
malfeasance and corruption by former Transnet 
officials; 
(C) an on-going outbreak of cholera, the 
worst in 15 years, which is due in part to the 
South African Government’s disease prevention 
failures, as President Ramaphosa admitted on 
June 9, 2023, including a failure to provide 
clean water to households; and 
(D) rampant state capture, that emerged 
and grew during the administration of former 
President Jacob Zuma and has damaged South 
Africa’s international standing and profoundly 
undermined the rule of law, continues to nega-
tively impact the economic development pros-
pects and living standards of the South African 
people while deeply damaging public trust in 
state governance. 
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SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) it is in the national security interest of the 
United States to deter strategic political and secu-
rity cooperation and information sharing with the 
PRC and the Russian Federation, particularly any 
form of cooperation that may aid or abet Russia’s 
illegal war of aggression in Ukraine or its inter-
national standing or influence; and 
(2) the ANC’s foreign policy actions have long 
ceased to reflect its stated stance of nonalignment, 
and now directly favor the PRC, the Russian Fed-
eration, and Hamas, a known proxy of Iran, and 
thereby undermine United States national security 
and foreign policy interests. 
SEC. 4. PRESIDENTIAL CERTIFICATION OF DETERMINA-
TION WITH RESPECT TO SOUTH AFRICA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the President, in consulta-
tion with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of De-
fense, shall certify to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees and release publicly an unclassified determination 
explicitly stating whether South Africa has engaged in ac-
tivities that undermine United States national security or 
foreign policy interests. 
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