ment Act, shall, not later than the date that is 3 years 
after the date of enactment of the Act or 3 months after 
the sale, whichever occurs later, or as otherwise specified 
by the Secretary, report to the Secretary current informa-
tion, as specified by the Secretary, concerning the change 
in ownership of the crossing or the part of the crossing. 
‘‘(c) RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.—The Secretary shall 
prescribe the regulations necessary to implement this sec-
tion. This rulemaking shall consider the expected benefits 
to the inventory of, and costs of, alternative information- 
collection requirements (including the distribution of bene-
fits and costs) and shall consider the collection of informa-
tion for categories of crossings that pose lower risks that 
is less extensive or less frequent, or both, than that pro-
vided for in subsection (b). The Secretary may enforce 
each provision of the Department of Transportation’s 
statement of the national highway-rail crossing inventory 
policy, procedures, and instructions for States and rail-
roads that is in effect on the date of enactment of this 
section, until such provision is superseded by a regulation 
issued under this section. 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
‘‘(1) ‘crossing’ means a location within a state, 
other than a location where one or more railroad 
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tracks cross one or more railroad tracks either at 
grade or grade-separated, where— 
‘‘(A) a public highway, road, or street, or 
a private roadway, including associated side-
walks and pathways, crosses one or more rail-
road tracks either at grade or grade-separated; 
or 
‘‘(B) a pathway dedicated for the use of 
non-vehicular traffic, including pedestrians, 
bicyclists, and others, that is not associated 
with a public highway, road, or street, or a pri-
vate roadway, crosses one or more railroad 
tracks either at grade or grade-separated; and 
‘‘(2) ‘State’ means a State of the United 
States, the District of Columbia, or Puerto Rico.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections for chapter 201 as amended by this Act is further 
amended by adding after the item relating to section 
20155 the following new item: 
‘‘20156. National crossing inventory.’’. 
(c) AMENDMENT.—Section 130 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting the following new 
subsection at the end: 
‘‘(l) NATIONAL CROSSING INVENTORY.— 
‘‘(1) INITIAL
REPORTING
OF
INFORMATION 
ABOUT
PREVIOUSLY
UNREPORTED
PUBLIC
CROSS-
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INGS.—Not later than 12 months after the date of 
enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Account-
ability and Improvement Act or within 12 months of 
a new crossing becoming operational, whichever oc-
curs later, each State shall report to the Secretary 
current information (including, but not limited to, 
information about warning devices and signage), as 
specified by the Secretary, concerning each pre-
viously unreported public crossing located within its 
borders. 
‘‘(2) UPDATING OF PUBLIC CROSSING INFORMA-
TION; REPORT 3 YEARS AFTER ENACTMENT, THEN 
TWO-TIER SYSTEM FOR FURTHER UPDATES.—Each 
State shall report to the Secretary current informa-
tion (including, but not limited to, information about 
warning devices and signage), as specified by the 
Secretary, concerning each crossing located within 
its borders involving a public street, road, or high-
way. Each report shall be made on a periodic basis 
beginning not later than 3 years after the date of 
enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Account-
ability and Improvement Act and on or before Sep-
tember 30 of— 
‘‘(A) every third year thereafter, or as 
specified by the Secretary, for a crossing involv-
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