SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Coastal and Ocean 
Acidification Stressors and Threats Research Act of 
2019’’ or the ‘‘COAST Research Act of 2019’’. 
SEC. 2. PURPOSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 12402(a) of the Federal 
Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 
(33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by striking ‘‘development and coordina-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘coordination and imple-
mentation’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘acidification on marine organisms’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘acidification and coastal acidification on 
marine organisms’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘es-
tablish’’ and all that follows before the semi-
colon and inserting ‘‘maintain and advise an 
interagency research, monitoring, and public 
outreach program on ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘establish-
ment’’ and inserting ‘‘maintenance’’; 
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(3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘and coastal 
acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’; and 
(4) in paragraph (4), by inserting ‘‘and coastal 
acidification that take into account other environ-
mental and anthropogenic stressors’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
Section 12402 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) 
is amended by striking ‘‘(a) PURPOSES.—’’. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘of the 
Earth’s oceans’’ and all that follows before the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘and changes in the 
water chemistry of the Earth’s oceans, coastal estu-
aries, and waterways caused by carbon dioxide from 
the atmosphere and the breakdown of organic mat-
ter’’; 
(2) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘Joint Sub-
committee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
National Science and Technology Council’’ and in-
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serting ‘‘National Science and Technology Council 
Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology’’; 
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and 
(3) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively; 
(4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so re-
designated, the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1) 
COASTAL
ACIDIFICATION.—The 
term 
‘coastal acidification’ means the combined decrease 
in pH and changes in the water chemistry of coastal 
oceans, estuaries, and other bodies of water from 
chemical inputs (including carbon dioxide from the 
atmosphere), freshwater inputs, and excess nutrient 
run-off from land and coastal atmospheric pollution 
that result in processes that release carbon dioxide, 
acidic nitrogen, and sulfur compounds as byprod-
ucts.’’; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means each of 
the State of the United States, the District of Co-
lumbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Amer-
ican Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the 
United States, and any other territory or possession 
of the United States.’’. 
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SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP. 
Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is 
amended— 
(1) 
in 
the 
heading, 
by 
striking 
‘‘SUB-
COMMITTEE’’ and inserting ‘‘WORKING GROUP’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Joint 
Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Tech-
nology of the National Science and Technology 
Council shall coordinate Federal activities on 
ocean acidification and’’ and insert ‘‘Sub-
committee shall’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘Wildlife 
Service,’’ and inserting ‘‘Wildlife Service, the 
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, the En-
vironmental Protection Agency, the Department 
of Agriculture, the Department of State, the 
Department of Energy, the Department of the 
Navy, the National Park Service, the Bureau of 
Indian Affairs, the National Institute of Stand-
ards and Technology, the Smithsonian Institu-
tion,’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by 
striking ‘‘CHAIRMAN’’ and inserting ‘‘CHAIR’’; 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
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(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding the efforts of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration to facilitate such 
implementation’’ after ‘‘of the plan’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘and coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘and coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(D) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘developed’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘and coastal acidification developed’’; 
and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘and coastal acidification; 
and’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(6) ensure that each of the Federal agencies 
represented on the interagency working group— 
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‘‘(A) participates in the Ocean Acidifica-
tion Information Exchange established under 
paragraph (5); and 
‘‘(B) delivers data and information to sup-
port the data archive system established under 
section 12406(d).’’; 
(4) in subsection (c), in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, and to the Office of 
Management and Budget,’’ after ‘‘House of 
Representatives’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘the 
interagency research’’ and inserting ‘‘inter-
agency strategic research’’; 
(5) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (d); and 
(6) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c) ADVISORY BOARD.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Chair of the Sub-
committee shall establish an Ocean Acidification Ad-
visory Board. 
‘‘(2) DUTIES.—The Advisory Board shall— 
‘‘(A) not later than 180 days after the 
Subcommittee submits the most recent report 
under subsection (d)(2) to Congress— 
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‘‘(iv) any reports prepared by the Ad-
visory Board; and 
‘‘(G) establish a publicly accessible web 
page on the website of the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration, that contains 
the information described in clause (i) through 
(iv) of subparagraph (F). 
‘‘(3) MEMBERSHIP.—The Advisory Board shall 
consist of 21 members as follows: 
‘‘(A) 2 representatives of the shellfish and 
crab industry. 
‘‘(B) 1 representative of the finfish indus-
try. 
‘‘(C) 1 representative of seafood proc-
essors. 
‘‘(D) 3 representatives from academia, in-
cluding both natural and social sciences. 
‘‘(E) 1 representative of recreational fish-
ing. 
‘‘(F) 1 representative of relevant non-
governmental organizations. 
‘‘(G) 6 representatives from relevant State, 
local, and Tribal governments. 
‘‘(H) 1 representative from the Alaska 
Ocean Acidification Network. 
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‘‘(I) 1 representative from the California 
Current Acidification Network. 
‘‘(J) 1 representative from the Northeast 
Coastal Acidification Network. 
‘‘(K) 1 representative from the Southeast 
Coastal Acidification Network. 
‘‘(L) 1 representative from the Gulf of 
Mexico Coastal Acidification Network. 
‘‘(M) 1 representative from the Mid-Atlan-
tic Coastal Acidification Network. 
‘‘(4) APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS.—The Chair 
of the Subcommittee shall— 
‘‘(A) appoint members to the Advisory 
Board (taking into account the geographical in-
terests of each individual to be appointed as a 
member of the Advisory Board to ensure that 
an appropriate balance of geographical interests 
are represented by the members of the Advisory 
Board) who— 
‘‘(i) represent the interest group for 
which each seat is designated; 
‘‘(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean 
acidification or coastal acidification and its 
scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and 
community impacts; and 
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‘‘(iii) have a record of distinguished 
service with respect to ocean acidification 
or coastal acidification, and such impacts 
thereof; 
‘‘(B) give consideration to nominations and 
recommendations from the members of the 
interagency working group and the public for 
such appointments; and 
‘‘(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of 
scientific, industry, and geographical interests 
are represented by the members of the Advisory 
Board. 
‘‘(5) TERM OF MEMBERSHIP.—Each member of 
the Advisory Board— 
‘‘(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; 
and 
‘‘(B) may be appointed to more than one 
term. 
‘‘(6) CHAIR.—The Chair of the Subcommittee 
shall appoint one member of the Advisory Board to 
serve as the Chair of the Advisory Board. 
‘‘(7) MEETINGS.—Not less than once each cal-
endar year, the Advisory Board shall meet at such 
times and places as may be designated by the Chair 
of the Advisory Board, in consultation with the 
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Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the 
interagency working group. 
‘‘(8) BRIEFING.—The Chair of the Advisory 
Board shall brief the Subcommittee and the inter-
agency working group on the progress of the Advi-
sory Board as necessary. 
‘‘(9) FEDERAL
ADVISORY
COMMITTEE
ACT.— 
The Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply 
to the Advisory Board, except for subsections (b) 
and (c) of section 9 and subsections (a) through (d) 
of section 10 of such Act.’’. 
SEC. 5. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN. 
Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘acidification’’ each place it 
appears and inserting ‘‘acidification and coastal 
acidification’’; 
(B) in the first sentence— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘, and not later than 
every 5 years thereafter’’ after ‘‘the date of 
enactment of this Act’’; 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘address the socio-
economic impacts of ocean acidification 
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and coastal acidification and to’’ after 
‘‘mitigation strategies to’’; and 
(iii) by striking ‘‘marine ecosystems’’ 
each place it appears and inserting ‘‘eco-
systems’’; and 
(C) in the second sentence, by inserting 
‘‘and recommendations made by the Advisory 
Board in the review of the plan required under 
subsection (e)’’ after ‘‘subsection (d)’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘and so-
cial sciences’’ after ‘‘among the ocean sciences’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘impacts, includ-
ing trends of changes in ocean chemistry,’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘improve the abil-
ity to assess the’’ and inserting ‘‘as-
sess the short-term and long-term’’; 
and 
(II) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the 
end and inserting a semicolon; 
(iii) by amending subparagraph (C) to 
read as follows: 
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‘‘(C) provide information for the— 
‘‘(i) development of adaptation and 
mitigation strategies to address the socio-
economic impacts of ocean acidification 
and coastal acidification; 
‘‘(ii) conservation of marine organisms 
and ecosystems; and 
‘‘(iii) assessment of the effectiveness 
of such adaptation and mitigation strate-
gies;’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) improve research on— 
‘‘(i) ocean acidification and coastal 
acidification; 
‘‘(ii) the effect of environmental 
stressors on each other, including research 
on the effect of changes in water chem-
istry, changes in sediment delivery, hy-
poxia, and harmful algal blooms, on ocean 
acidification and coastal acidification; and 
‘‘(iii) the effect of environmental 
stressors on marine resources and eco-
systems;’’; 
(C) in paragraph (3)— 
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(i) in subparagraph (F), by inserting 
‘‘and management’’ after ‘‘database devel-
opment’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(J) assessment of adaptation and mitiga-
tion strategies; and 
‘‘(K) education and outreach activities;’’; 
(D) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘set 
forth’’ and inserting ‘‘ensure an appropriate 
balance of contribution in establishing’’; 
(E) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘reports’’ 
and inserting ‘‘the best available peer-reviewed 
scientific reports’’; 
(F) in paragraph (6)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and coastal acidifica-
tion’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘of the United States’’ 
and inserting ‘‘within the United States’’; 
(G) in paragraph (7)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘outline budget re-
quirements’’ and inserting ‘‘estimate budg-
et requirements for each of the fiscal years 
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‘‘(e) ADVISORY BOARD EVALUATION.—Not later 
than 60 days before a plan is submitted to Congress, the 
Subcommittee shall provide the Advisory Board estab-
lished under section 12404(c) a copy of the plan. 
‘‘(f) PUBLICATION
AND PUBLIC COMMENT.—Not 
later than 90 days before the strategic research plan, or 
any revision thereof, is submitted to Congress, the Sub-
committee shall publish the plan in the Federal Register 
and provide an opportunity for submission of public com-
ments for a period of not less than 60 days.’’. 
SEC. 6. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by inserting ‘‘coordination,’’ after ‘‘research, 
monitoring,’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘including the 
Integrated Ocean Observing System 
and the ocean observing assets of 
other Federal agencies,’’ after ‘‘ocean 
observing assets,’’; and 
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(II) by inserting ‘‘and agency 
and department missions, prioritizing 
the location of monitoring instru-
ments, assets, and projects to maxi-
mize the efficiency of resources and to 
optimize 
understanding 
of 
socio-
economic 
impacts 
and 
ecosystem 
health’’ after ‘‘research program’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (C)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘adaptation’’ and 
inserting ‘‘adaptation and mitigation’’; 
and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘and supporting 
socioeconomically vulnerable commu-
nities and industries’’ after ‘‘marine 
ecosystems’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘its impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘their respec-
tive impacts’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘monitoring and impacts research’’ and in-
serting ‘‘research, monitoring, and adapta-
tion and mitigation strategies’’; and 
(v) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
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‘‘(G) research to improve understanding of 
the effect of— 
‘‘(i) other environmental stressors on 
ocean acidification and coastal acidifica-
tion; 
‘‘(ii) multiple environmental stressors 
on living marine resources and coastal eco-
systems; and 
‘‘(iii) adaptation and mitigation strat-
egies to address the socioeconomic impacts 
of ocean acidification and coastal acidifica-
tion.’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘critical 
research projects that explore’’ and inserting 
‘‘critical research and education projects that 
explore and communicate’’; and 
(D) in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), by 
striking ‘‘acidification’’ each place it appears 
and inserting ‘‘acidification and coastal acidifi-
cation’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(c) RELATIONSHIP
TO INTERAGENCY WORKING 
GROUP.—The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin-
istration shall serve as the lead Federal agency responsible 
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for coordinating the Federal response to ocean acidifica-
tion and coastal acidification, by— 
‘‘(1) leading the interagency working group in 
implementing the strategic research plan under sec-
tion 12405; 
‘‘(2) coordinating monitoring and research ef-
forts among Federal agencies in cooperation with 
State, local, and international partners; 
‘‘(3) maintaining an Ocean Acidification Infor-
mation 
Exchange 
described 
under 
section 
12404(b)(5) to allow for information to be electroni-
cally accessible, including information— 
‘‘(A) on ocean acidification developed 
through or used by the ocean acidification pro-
gram described under section 12406(a); or 
‘‘(B) that would be useful to State govern-
ments, local governments, Tribal governments, 
resource managers, policymakers, researchers, 
and other stakeholders in mitigating or adapt-
ing to the impacts of ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification; and 
‘‘(4) establishing and maintaining the data ar-
chive system under subsection (d). 
‘‘(d) DATA ARCHIVE SYSTEM.— 
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‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary, in co-
ordination with members of the interagency working 
group, shall provide for the long-term stewardship 
of, and access to, data relating to ocean acidification 
and coastal acidification by establishing a data ar-
chive system that processes, stores, archives, pro-
vides access to, and incorporates to the extent pos-
sible, such data collected— 
‘‘(A) through relevant federally funded re-
search; and 
‘‘(B) by a Federal agency, State agency, 
local agency, Tribe, academic scientist, citizen 
scientist, or industry organization. 
‘‘(2) EXISTING GLOBAL OR NATIONAL DATA AS-
SETS.—In establishing the data archive system 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure that 
existing global or national data assets (including the 
data assets of the National Centers for Environ-
mental Information, the Integrated Ocean Observing 
System, and other existing data systems within Fed-
eral agencies) are incorporated to the greatest extent 
possible. 
‘‘(e) STANDARDS, PROTOCOLS, AND PROCEDURES.— 
With respect to the data described in subsection (d), the 
Secretary, in coordination with members of the inter-
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agency working group, shall establish standards, protocols, 
or procedures for— 
‘‘(1) processing, storing, archiving, and pro-
viding access to such data; 
‘‘(2) the interoperability and intercalibration of 
such data; 
‘‘(3) the collection of any metadata underlying 
such data; and 
‘‘(4) sharing such data with State, local, and 
Tribal government programs, potentially affected in-
dustry members, coastal stakeholders, fishery man-
agement councils and commissions, non-Federal re-
source managers, and academia. 
‘‘(f) DISSEMINATION
OF
OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION 
DATA AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION DATA.—The Sec-
retary, in coordination with members of the interagency 
working group, shall disseminate the data described under 
subsection (d) to the greatest extent practicable by sharing 
such data on full and open access exchanges, including 
the Ocean Acidification Information Exchange described 
in section 12404(b)(5). 
‘‘(g) REQUIREMENT.—Recipients of grants from the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under 
this subtitle that collected data described under subsection 
(d) shall— 
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SEC. 8. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘ocean acidification’’ each place 
it appears and inserting ‘‘ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘its impacts’’ 
and inserting ‘‘their respective impacts’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(d) REQUIREMENT.—Researchers from the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration under this subtitle 
that collect data described under section 12406(d) shall— 
‘‘(1) collect such data in accordance with the 
standards, protocols, or procedures established pur-
suant to section 12406(e); and 
‘‘(2) submit such data to the Administrator and 
the Secretary, in accordance with any rules promul-
gated by the Administrator or the Secretary.’’. 
SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘subtitle—’’ 
and all that follows through paragraph (4) and in-
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serting the following: ‘‘subtitle $30,500,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2019 through 2023.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘subtitle—’’ 
and all that follows through paragraph (4) and in-
serting the following: ‘‘subtitle $20,000,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2019 through 2023.’’. 
Æ 
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