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ducted before the major disaster described in para-
graph (2)(A). 
‘‘(5) SAVINGS PROVISION.—Nothing in this sub-
section may be construed to affect apportionments 
made under this chapter before the date of enact-
ment of this subsection.’’. 
(b) AMENDMENT TAKES EFFECT ON ENACTMENT.— 
Notwithstanding section 1001, the amendment made by 
subsection (a) shall take effect on the date of enactment 
of this Act. 
SEC. 2306. SPECIAL RULE FOR CERTAIN ROLLING STOCK 
PROCUREMENTS. 
(a) CERTIFICATION.—Section 5323(u)(4) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A) in the heading by 
striking ‘‘RAIL’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) NONRAIL ROLLING STOCK.—Notwith-
standing subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5), as 
a condition of financial assistance made avail-
able in a fiscal year under section 5339, a re-
cipient shall certify in that fiscal year that the 
recipient will not award any contract or sub-
contract for the procurement of rolling stock for 
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use in public transportation with a rolling stock 
manufacturer described in paragraph (1).’’. 
(b) SPECIAL RULE.—Section 5323(u)(5)(A) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘made 
by a public transportation agency with a rail rolling stock 
manufacturer described in paragraph (1)’’ and all that fol-
lows through the period at the end and inserting ‘‘as of 
December 20, 2019, including options and other require-
ments tied to these contracts or subcontracts, made by 
a public transportation agency with a restricted rail rolling 
stock manufacturer.’’. 
SEC. 2307. SPARE RATIO WAIVER. 
Section 5323 of title 49, United States Code, is fur-
ther amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(z) SPARE RATIO WAIVER.—The Federal Transit 
Administration shall waive spare ratio policies for rolling 
stock found in FTA Grant Management Requirements 
Circular 5010.1, FTA Circular 9030.1 providing Urban-
ized Area Formula Program guidance, and other guidance 
documents for 2 years from the date of enactment of the 
INVEST in America Act.’’. 
Subtitle D—Bus Grant Reforms 
SEC. 2401. FORMULA GRANTS FOR BUSES. 
Section 5339(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
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(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘and subsection (d)’’ after 
‘‘In this subsection’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘term 
‘low or no emission vehicle’ has’’ and inserting 
‘‘term ‘zero emission vehicle’ has’’; 
(C) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘and 
the District of Columbia’’ after ‘‘United 
States’’; and 
(D) in subparagraph (C) by striking ‘‘the 
District of Columbia,’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)(A) by striking ‘‘low or no 
emission vehicles’’ and inserting ‘‘zero emission vehi-
cles’’; 
(3) in paragraph (4)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ‘‘and 
subsection (d)’’ after ‘‘this subsection’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘and 
subsection (d)’’ after ‘‘this subsection’’; 
(4) in paragraph (5)(A)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘$90,500,000’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘$156,750,000’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘2016 through 2020’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2023 through 2026’’; 
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(C) by striking ‘‘$1,750,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$3,000,000’’; and 
(D) by striking ‘‘$500,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$750,000’’; 
(5) in paragraph (7) by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(C) SPECIAL RULE FOR BUSES AND RE-
LATED EQUIPMENT FOR ZERO EMISSION VEHI-
CLES.—Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), a 
grant for a capital project for buses and related 
equipment for hybrid electric buses that make 
meaningful reductions in energy consumption 
and harmful emissions, including direct carbon 
emissions, and zero emission vehicles under this 
subsection shall be for 90 percent of the net 
capital costs of the project. A recipient of a 
grant under this subsection may provide addi-
tional local matching amounts.’’; 
(6) in paragraph (8)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘3 fiscal years’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘4 fiscal years’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘3-fiscal-year period’’ and 
inserting ‘‘4-fiscal-year period’’; and 
(7) by striking paragraph (9). 
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SEC. 2402. BUS FACILITIES AND FLEET EXPANSION COM-
PETITIVE GRANTS. 
Section 5339(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in the heading by striking ‘‘BUSES
AND 
BUS FACILITIES COMPETITIVE GRANTS’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘BUS FACILITIES AND FLEET EXPANSION COM-
PETITIVE GRANTS’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘buses and’’; 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and certain buses’’ after 
‘‘capital projects’’; 
(C) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
‘‘buses or related equipment’’ and inserting 
‘‘bus-related facilities’’; and 
(D) by striking subparagraph (B) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(B) purchasing or leasing buses that will 
not replace buses in the applicant’s fleet at the 
time of application and will be used to— 
‘‘(i) increase the frequency of bus 
service; or 
‘‘(ii) increase the service area of the 
applicant.’’; 
(3) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
following: 
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‘‘(2) GRANT
CONSIDERATIONS.—In making 
grants— 
‘‘(A) under subparagraph (1)(A), the Sec-
retary shall only consider— 
‘‘(i) the age and condition of bus-re-
lated facilities of the applicant compared to 
all applicants and proposed improvements 
to the resilience (as such term is defined in 
section 5302) of such facilities; 
‘‘(ii) for a facility that, in whole or in 
part, encroaches within the limits of a 
flood-prone area, the extent to which the 
facility is designed and constructed in a 
way that takes into account, and mitigates 
where appropriate, flood risk; and 
‘‘(iii) for a bus station, the degree of 
multi-modal connections at such station; 
and 
‘‘(B) under paragraph (1)(B), the Sec-
retary shall consider the improvements to head-
way and projected new ridership.’’; and 
(4) in paragraph (6) by striking subparagraph 
(B) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(B) GOVERNMENT SHARE OF COSTS.— 
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‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Government 
share of the cost of an eligible project car-
ried out under this subsection shall not ex-
ceed 80 percent. 
‘‘(ii) SPECIAL RULE FOR BUSES AND 
RELATED EQUIPMENT FOR ZERO EMISSION 
VEHICLES.—Notwithstanding clause (i), 
the Government share of the cost of an eli-
gible project for the financing of buses and 
related equipment for hybrid electric buses 
that make meaningful reductions in energy 
consumption and harmful emissions, in-
cluding direct carbon emissions, and zero 
emission vehicles shall not exceed 90 per-
cent.’’. 
SEC. 2403. ZERO EMISSION BUS GRANTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 5339(c) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the heading by striking ‘‘LOW OR NO 
EMISSION GRANTS’’ and inserting ‘‘ZERO EMISSION 
GRANTS’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B)— 
(i) in the matter preceding clause (i) 
by striking ‘‘in an eligible area’’; 
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(ii) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘low or no 
emission’’ and inserting ‘‘zero emission’’; 
(iii) in clause (ii) by striking ‘‘low or 
no emission’’ and inserting ‘‘zero emis-
sion’’; 
(iv) in clause (iii) by striking ‘‘low or 
no emission’’ and inserting ‘‘zero emis-
sion’’; 
(v) in clause (iv) by striking ‘‘facilities 
and related equipment for low or no emis-
sion’’ and inserting ‘‘related equipment for 
zero emission’’; 
(vi) in clause (v) by striking ‘‘facilities 
and related equipment for low or no emis-
sion vehicles;’’ and inserting ‘‘related 
equipment for zero emission vehicles; or’’; 
(vii) in clause (vii) by striking ‘‘low or 
no emission’’ and inserting ‘‘zero emis-
sion’’; 
(viii) by striking clause (vi); and 
(ix) by redesignating clause (vii) as 
clause (vi); 
(B) by striking subparagraph (D) and in-
serting the following: 
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‘‘(D) the term ‘zero emission bus’ means a 
bus that is a zero emission vehicle;’’; 
(C) by striking subparagraph (E) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(E) the term ‘zero emission vehicle’ 
means a vehicle used to provide public transpor-
tation that produces no carbon dioxide or par-
ticulate matter;’’; 
(D) in subparagraph (F) by striking ‘‘and’’ 
at the end; 
(E) by striking subparagraph (G) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(G) the term ‘priority area’ means an 
area that is— 
‘‘(i) designated as a nonattainment 
area for ozone or particulate matter under 
section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 
U.S.C. 7407(d)); 
‘‘(ii) a maintenance area, as such 
term is defined in section 5303, for ozone 
or particulate matter; or 
‘‘(iii) in a State that has enacted a 
statewide zero emission bus transition re-
quirement, as determined by the Secretary; 
and’’; and 
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(F) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(H) the term ‘low-income community’ 
means any population census tract if— 
‘‘(i) the poverty rate for such tract is 
at least 20 percent; or 
‘‘(ii) in the case of a tract— 
‘‘(I) not located within a metro-
politan area, the median family in-
come for such tract does not exceed 
80 percent of statewide median family 
income; or 
‘‘(II) located within a metropoli-
tan area, the median family income 
for such tract does not exceed 80 per-
cent of the greater statewide median 
family income or the metropolitan 
area median family income.’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) by striking subparagraph (B); and 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (B); 
(4) by striking paragraph (5) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(5) GRANT ELIGIBILITY.—In awarding grants 
under this subsection, the Secretary shall make 
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grants to eligible projects relating to the acquisition 
or leasing of equipment for zero-emission buses or 
zero-emission buses— 
‘‘(A) that procure— 
‘‘(i) at least 10 zero emission buses; 
‘‘(ii) if the recipient operates less than 
50 buses in peak service, at least 5 zero 
emission buses; or 
‘‘(iii) hydrogen buses; 
‘‘(B) for which the recipient’s board of di-
rectors has approved a long-term integrated 
fleet management plan that— 
‘‘(i) establishes— 
‘‘(I) a goal by a set date to con-
vert the entire bus fleet to zero emis-
sion buses; or 
‘‘(II) a goal that within 10 years 
from the date of approval of such plan 
the recipient will convert a set per-
centage of the total bus fleet of such 
recipient to zero emission buses; and 
‘‘(ii) examines the impact of the tran-
sition on the applicant’s current workforce, 
by identifying skills gaps, training needs, 
and retraining needs of the existing work-
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ers of such applicant to operate and main-
tain zero-emission vehicles and related in-
frastructure, and avoids the displacement 
of the existing workforce; and 
‘‘(C) for which the recipient has performed 
a fleet transition study that includes optimal 
route planning and an analysis of how utility 
rates may impact the recipient’s operations and 
maintenance budget.’’; 
(5) in paragraph (7)(A) by striking ‘‘80’’ and 
inserting ‘‘90’’; and 
(6) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(8) 
LOW
AND
MODERATE
COMMUNITY 
GRANTS.—Not less than 15 percent of the amounts 
made available under this subsection in a fiscal year 
shall be distributed to projects serving predomi-
nantly low-income communities. 
‘‘(9) PRIORITY
SET-ASIDE.—Of the amounts 
made available under this subsection in a fiscal year, 
not less than— 
‘‘(A) 20 percent shall be distributed to ap-
plicants in priority areas; and 
‘‘(B) 10 percent shall be distributed to ap-
plicants not located in priority areas whose 
board of directors have approved a long-term 
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