I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4102 
To phase out the use of private military contractors. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
NOVEMBER 7, 2007 
Ms. SCHAKOWSKY (for herself, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. FILNER, Mr. COHEN, Mr. 
ALLEN, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. ELLISON, Mr. GRIJALVA, and 
Mr. STARK) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Armed 
Services and Select Intelligence (Permanent Select), for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee con-
cerned 
A BILL 
To phase out the use of private military contractors. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Stop Outsourcing Se-
curity Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) The United States is increasingly relying on 
private security contractors to perform mission crit-
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ical and emergency essential functions that histori-
cally have been performed by United States military 
or government personnel. 
(2) The number of private security contractors 
in Iraq is reported to be at least 48,000 and Depart-
ment of State funding for private security and law 
enforcement contractors is estimated to have in-
creased from $1,000,000,000 to $4,000,000,000. 
(3) The Congressional Research Service reports 
that about one-quarter of private security contrac-
tors are third-party nationals. 
(4) On October 18, 2007, Secretary of Defense 
Robert Gates said that the work of many contractors 
in Iraq was ‘‘at cross-purposes to our larger mission 
in Iraq’’, and that ‘‘right now those missions are in 
conflict . . .’’. 
(5) A December 2006 report by the Govern-
ment Accountability Office found multiple defi-
ciencies in the Army’s oversight of contractors in 
Iraq, including ‘‘limited visibility over contractors’’, 
a lack of ‘‘adequate contractor oversight personnel’’, 
and ‘‘little or no training on the use of contractors’’. 
(6) The Congress does not have access to secu-
rity contracts, the number of private security con-
tractors working in Iraq, Afghanistan and other 
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combat zones, the number of contractors who have 
died or any disciplinary actions taken against them. 
(7) The relationship between the governments 
of the United States and Iraq has been negatively 
impacted by violent incidents involving private mili-
tary contractors and Iraqi citizens, including a De-
cember 24, 2006, shooting of the guard of the Iraqi 
Vice President and a September 16, 2007, shooting 
by Blackwater employees that killed 17 Iraqi citizens 
and wounded 24. 
(8) The Government of Iraq has demanded that 
the United States Government sever all contracts in 
Iraq with Blackwater and expel the company from 
Iraq within six months, highlighting the danger in 
relying on private security contractors for mission 
critical functions. 
(9) The use of private security contractors for 
mission critical functions undermines the mission, 
jeopardizes the safety of American troops conducting 
military operations in Iraq and other combat zones, 
and should be phased out. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
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(1) MISSION CRITICAL OR EMERGENCY ESSEN-
TIAL
FUNCTIONS.—The term ‘‘mission critical or 
emergency essential functions’’— 
(A) means— 
(i) activities for which continued per-
formance is considered essential to support 
combat systems and operational activities; 
or 
(ii) activities whose delay, absence, or 
failure of performance would significantly 
affect the broader success or failure of a 
military operation; and 
(B) includes— 
(i) the provision of protective services; 
(ii) the provision of security advice 
and planning; 
(iii) military and police training; 
(iv) repair and maintenance for weap-
ons systems; 
(v) prison administration; 
(vi) interrogation; and 
(vii) intelligence. 
(2) SPECIFIED CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE.— 
The term ‘‘specified congressional committee’’ means 
each of the following committees: 
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(A) The Committees on Armed Services, 
Oversight and Government Reform, Appropria-
tions, and Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence, of the House 
of Representatives. 
(B) The Committees on Armed Services, 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, 
Appropriations, and Foreign Relations, and the 
Select Committee on Intelligence, of the Senate. 
SEC. 4. REQUIREMENT FOR GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL TO 
PERFORM DIPLOMATIC SECURITY IN IRAQ. 
Not later than 6 months after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall ensure that 
all personnel at any United States diplomatic or consular 
mission in Iraq are provided security services only by Fed-
eral Government personnel. 
SEC. 5. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO CONTRACTORS PER-
FORMING MISSION CRITICAL OR EMERGENCY 
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS IN ALL CONFLICT 
ZONES IN WHICH CONGRESS HAS AUTHOR-
IZED THE USE OF FORCE. 
(a) REPORT BY PRESIDENT.— 
(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than June 1, 
2008, the President shall submit to each specified 
congressional committee a report on the status of 
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