I 
111TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1589 
To amend the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act to authorize 
the use of grant funds for gang prevention, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 18, 2009 
Ms. LINDA T. SA´NCHEZ of California (for herself, Mr. EHLERS, Mrs. CAPPS, 
Mr. COHEN, Mr. AL GREEN of Texas, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. HARE, Mr. 
HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. HINOJOSA, Mr. HOLT, Mr. HONDA, Ms. LEE 
of California, Mr. MEEKS of New York, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, Mr. REYES, 
Mr. SIRES, Ms. SUTTON, and Mr. DAVIS of Illinois) introduced the fol-
lowing bill; which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor 
A BILL 
To amend the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities 
Act to authorize the use of grant funds for gang preven-
tion, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Bullying and Gang 
Reduction for Improved Education Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO SAFE AND DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS 
AND COMMUNITIES ACT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Safe and Drug-Free Commu-
nities Act (part A of title IV of the Elementary and Sec-
ondary Education Act of 1965) is amended by inserting 
after section 4001 (20 U.S.C. 7101) the following: 
‘‘SEC. 4001A. FINDINGS. 
‘‘Congress finds the following: 
‘‘(1) Bullying among children is aggressive be-
havior that is intentional, involves an imbalance of 
social or physical power or strength, and is typically 
repeated over time. 
‘‘(2) A child who is being bullied or harassed 
often has a hard time defending himself or herself. 
‘‘(3) Bullying can take many forms, including 
hitting or punching; teasing or name-calling; intimi-
dation through gestures or social exclusion; and 
sending insulting, threatening, or offensive messages 
via Internet sites, e-mail, instant messaging, SMS, 
telephone, or any other electronic messaging system. 
‘‘(4) There is no single cause of bullying among 
children; rather, individual, familial, peer, school, 
and community factors may place a child or youth 
at risk of bullying his or her peers. 
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‘‘(5) A majority of parents, students, and edu-
cators report that bullying and harassment are 
issues of major concern. 
‘‘(6) Research indicates that children and youth 
with disabilities or special needs and children and 
youth who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or trans-gen-
der, or who are perceived to be so, face a higher risk 
of being bullied than other children. 
‘‘(7) Children and youth who are overweight or 
obese are at increased risk for bullying by peers. 
Weight-based teasing is consistently associated with 
high depressive symptoms, thinking about or at-
tempting suicide, and the development of binge eat-
ing and bulimia nervosa later in life. As young as 
the third grade, girls who experience harassment re-
port lower self-esteem and satisfaction with their 
weight and shape. 
‘‘(8) The degree to which a child is teased is 
positively related to weight concerns, loneliness, 
lower confidence in physical appearance, and higher 
preference for isolative activities which are associ-
ated with decreased levels of physical activity among 
overweight youth. 
‘‘(9) Research indicates that adolescents in un-
safe neighborhoods engage in less physical activity 
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than their peers; and that physical activity programs 
can improve health, reduce obesity, and have positive 
effects on academic achievement. 
‘‘(10) Children and youth who are bullied are 
more likely than other children to be depressed, 
lonely, or anxious; have low self-esteem; be absent 
from school; suffer from headaches; complain of 
stomach aches; have problems sleeping; experience 
fatigue and poor appetite; and think about suicide. 
‘‘(11) Bullying can be a sign of other serious 
antisocial behavior or violent behavior or both. 
‘‘(12) Children and youth who frequently bully 
their peers are more likely than their peers to get 
into frequent fights, be injured in a fight, vandalize 
or steal property, drink alcohol, smoke, be truant 
from school, drop out of school, and carry a weapon. 
‘‘(13) A study by the Department of Education 
indicates harassment and bullying have been linked 
to 75 percent of school shooting incidents, including 
the fatal shootings at Columbine High School in Col-
orado and Santana High School in California. 
‘‘(14) Gang involvement and exposure to peer 
violence greatly increases a youth’s likelihood of en-
gaging in violent behavior. 
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‘‘(15) Youth who have been involved in gang ac-
tivity and violent behavior have a significantly great-
er chance of continuing to be involved in criminal 
behavior as adults. 
‘‘(16) Ninety-one percent of students who are 
not involved with gangs report that they expect to 
complete high school, yet only seventy-five percent of 
gang-involved youths expect to finish high school. 
‘‘(17) Children from areas with significant gang 
influence or activity struggle with strategies to main-
tain their safety and report weighing the benefits 
and costs of avoiding gangs or engaging with them. 
‘‘(18) Repeated exposure to violence is a cause 
of childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, post-trau-
matic stress, aggression, violence, and other serious 
behavioral problems. 
‘‘(19) Bullying, harassment, and gang-related 
activity have serious safety consequences for schools 
and the students who attend them: thirty-nine per-
cent of middle schoolers and thirty-six percent of 
high schoolers say they don’t feel safe at school. 
‘‘(20) The stresses of being bullied, harassed, or 
involved with a gang can interfere with a student’s 
engagement in school and can negatively impact stu-
dent learning. 
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‘‘(21) Research indicates that bullying at school 
can be significantly reduced through comprehensive, 
school-wide programs designed to change norms for 
behavior. 
‘‘(22) Evaluations of school-based gang preven-
tion and education programs show that they can re-
duce delinquency and gang activity and increase 
commitment to peers and law enforcement.’’. 
(b) PURPOSE.—Section 4002 (20 U.S.C. 7102) of 
that Act is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘violence’’ and inserting 
‘‘violence, bullying, harassment, and gangs’’; 
and 
(B) by inserting after ‘‘supports student 
academic achievement’’ the following: ‘‘and fa-
cilitates healthy, physically active lifestyles’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; 
(3) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ both places such term appears and 
inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang preven-
tion’’; and 
(4) in paragraph (4)— 
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(A) by striking ‘‘drug and violence preven-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, 
and gang prevention’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘drug use and violence’’ 
and inserting ‘‘drug use, violence, bullying, and 
gangs’’. 
(c) RESERVATION OF STATE FUNDS FOR SAFE AND 
DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS.—Section 4112 of that Act (20 
U.S.C. 7112) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), in the matter pre-
ceding subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘drug use 
and violence’’ and inserting ‘‘drug use, violence, 
bullying, and gangs’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘drug 
and violence prevention’’ both places such term 
appears and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, 
and gang prevention’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A) by striking ‘‘drug and violence 
prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, 
bullying, and gang prevention’’; 
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(ii) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
‘‘violence’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, bul-
lying, and gangs’’; and 
(iii) in each of subparagraphs (B) and 
(C) by striking ‘‘drug and violence preven-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)(D)— 
(i) in each of clauses (i) and (iii) by 
striking ‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ in-
serting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang 
prevention’’; and 
(ii) in clause (ii) by striking ‘‘violence 
that is associated’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, 
bullying, and gangs that are associated’’; 
and 
(B) in paragraph (3)(B)— 
(i) in clause (ii) by striking ‘‘violence 
and drug-related’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, 
bullying, gang, and drug-related’’; and 
(ii) in clause (iv) by striking ‘‘drug 
use and violence’’ and inserting ‘‘drug use, 
violence, and gangs’’. 
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lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, harassment, and gang prevention’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)(1)(A) by striking ‘‘drug 
and violence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, vio-
lence, bullying, and gang prevention’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), and in subparagraph (A), by 
striking ‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ 
and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and 
gang prevention’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), in the mat-
ter preceding clause (i), and in clause (i), 
by striking ‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ 
and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and 
gang prevention’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang 
prevention’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (6)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘drug and violence pre-
vention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; and 
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(ii) by striking ‘‘acts of violence’’ and 
inserting ‘‘acts of violence, bullying, and 
gangs’’. 
(f) AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.—Section 4115 of that 
Act (20 U.S.C. 7115) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘violence and ille-
gal drug use’’ both places such term 
appears and inserting ‘‘violence, bul-
lying, gangs, and illegal drug use’’; 
and 
(II) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, 
violence, bullying, and gang preven-
tion’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘violence and illegal drug use’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘violence, bullying, gangs, and illegal 
drug use’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)(A) by striking ‘‘vio-
lence and illegal drug use’’ and inserting ‘‘vio-
lence, bullying, gangs, and illegal drug use’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
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(A) in paragraph (1)(C)— 
(i) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘violence’’ 
and inserting ‘‘violence, bullying, and 
gangs’’; and 
(ii) in clause (ii) by striking ‘‘drug use 
and violence’’ and inserting ‘‘drug use, vio-
lence, bullying, and gangs’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘vio-
lence’’ and inserting ‘‘violence and 
gangs’’; 
(II) in clause (vi) by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(III) in clause (vii) by striking 
the period at the end and inserting a 
semicolon; and 
(IV) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(viii) teach students the appropriate 
steps to take to address bullying when it 
happens to themselves or others; and 
‘‘(ix) promote safe passage to and 
from schools on foot and by bicycle.’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
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(I) by striking ‘‘drug and violence 
prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, vio-
lence, bullying, and gang prevention’’; 
and 
(II) by striking ‘‘violence and ille-
gal use of drugs’’ both places such 
term appears and inserting ‘‘violence, 
bullying, gangs, and illegal use of 
drugs’’; 
(iii) in each of subparagraphs (C) and 
(D) by striking ‘‘drug and violence preven-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; and 
(iv) in subparagraph (E)— 
(I) in the matter preceding clause 
(i) by striking ‘‘Drug and violence 
prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Drug, vio-
lence, bullying, and gang prevention’’; 
(II) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘vio-
lence and illegal drug use’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘violence, bullying, gangs, and il-
legal drug use’’; 
(III) in clause (v) by inserting 
‘‘and programs embodied by the safe 
routes to school program under sec-
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tion 1404 of the Safe, Accountable, 
Flexible, Efficient Transportation Eq-
uity Act: A Legacy for Users (23 
U.S.C. 402 note; 119 Stat. 1228)’’ 
before the period at the end; 
(IV) in clause (vi) by striking 
‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ each 
place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang 
prevention’’; 
(V) in clause (vii)— 
(aa) by striking ‘‘illegal drug 
use and violence’’ and inserting 
‘‘violence, gangs, and illegal drug 
use’’; and 
(bb) by striking ‘‘violence 
and illegal drug use’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘violence, gangs, and illegal 
drug use’’; 
(VI) in clause (ix) by striking 
‘‘violent or drug abusing students’’ 
and inserting ‘‘violent, bullying, gang- 
affiliated, or drug abusing students’’; 
(VII) in clause (x) by striking 
‘‘violent behavior and illegal use of 
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drugs’’ and inserting ‘‘violent behav-
ior, bullying, gang affiliation, and ille-
gal use of drugs’’; 
(VIII) in clause (xi) by striking 
‘‘violence and illegal drug use’’ and in-
serting ‘‘violence, gangs, and illegal 
drug use’’; 
(IX) in clause (xii) by striking 
‘‘Drug and violence prevention’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Drug, violence, bullying, 
and gang prevention’’; 
(X) in clause (xiii)— 
(aa) by striking ‘‘violence 
prevention and education pro-
grams’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, 
bullying, and gang prevention 
and education programs’’; and 
(bb) by striking ‘‘resolve 
conflicts without violence’’ and 
inserting ‘‘resolve conflicts with-
out violence, bullying, or gangs’’; 
(XI) in clause (xv) by striking 
‘‘major accident, or a drug-related in-
cident’’ and inserting ‘‘major accident, 
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bullying incident, gang-related inci-
dent, or drug-related incident’’; 
(XII) in clause (xvii) by striking 
‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ and 
inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, 
and gang prevention’’; 
(XIII) in clause (xviii) by strik-
ing ‘‘safety hotline’’ and inserting 
‘‘safety, bullying prevention, and gang 
prevention hotline’’; 
(XIV) in clause (xxii) by striking 
the period at the end and inserting 
‘‘or live in chronically violent neigh-
borhoods.’’; and 
(XV) by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(xxiii) Programs that address the 
causes and consequences of bullying and 
harassment and that train teachers, ad-
ministrators, counselors, school psycholo-
gists and other qualified psychologists, 
school social workers, para-professionals, 
and other school employees including bus 
drivers regarding strategies to prevent bul-
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lying and harassment and to effectively in-
tervene when such incidents occur. 
‘‘(xxiv) School- and community-wide 
threat assessment programs.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’. 
(g) REPORTING.—Section 4116 of that Act (20 
U.S.C. 7116) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang 
prevention’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘violence and drug prevention’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang 
prevention’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)(B) by striking ‘‘drug 
use and violence’’ and inserting ‘‘drug use, vio-
lence, and gangs’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)(1) by striking ‘‘violence 
and drug prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, 
bullying, and gang prevention’’. 
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(h) FEDERAL ACTIVITIES.—Section 4121 of that Act 
(20 U.S.C. 7131) is amended in subsection (a)— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ‘‘illegal use of drugs and violence’’ and in-
serting ‘‘violence, bullying, gang activity, and illegal 
drug use’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; 
(3) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A) and in subparagraph (A), by 
striking ‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang prevention’’; 
(4) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘violence pre-
vention and education’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention and education’’; 
(5) in paragraph (5) by striking ‘‘drug and vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bul-
lying, and gang prevention’’; and 
(6) in each of paragraphs (6) and (8) by strik-
ing ‘‘drug and violence problems’’ and inserting 
‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and gang problems’’. 
(i) IMPACT EVALUATION.—Section 4122 of that Act 
(20 U.S.C. 7132) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
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(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
by striking ‘‘violence and illegal drug use’’ and 
inserting ‘‘violence, bullying, gangs, and illegal 
drug use’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘and 
school violence’’ and inserting ‘‘school violence, 
gang activity,’’; 
(2) in subsection (b) by striking ‘‘illegal drug 
use and violence’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, gangs, 
and illegal drug use’’; and 
(3) in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘drug use and 
violence’’ and inserting ‘‘drug use, violence, bullying, 
and gangs’’. 
(j) SAFE AND DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS AND COMMU-
NITIES ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—Section 4124 of that Act 
(20 U.S.C. 7134) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in each of paragraphs 
(1)(B) and (3), by striking ‘‘substance abuse and vi-
olence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘violence, bullying, 
gang, and substance abuse prevention’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)(4)(A)(i) by striking ‘‘sub-
stance abuse and violence problem’’ and inserting 
‘‘violence, bullying, gang, and substance abuse prob-
lem’’. 
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(k) SCHOOL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY AND RESOURCE 
CENTER.—Section 4127 of that Act (20 U.S.C. 7137) is 
amended in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘school violence re-
search’’ and inserting ‘‘school violence, bullying, harass-
ment, and gang research’’. 
(l) NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOOL AND YOUTH 
SAFETY.—Section 4128 of that Act (20 U.S.C. 7138) is 
amended in subsection (b)— 
(1) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘such as sub-
stance abuse’’ and inserting ‘‘such as bullying, sub-
stance abuse’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘school vio-
lence prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘school violence, bul-
lying, harassment, and gang prevention’’. 
(m) MENTORING PROGRAMS.—Section 4130 of that 
Act (20 U.S.C. 7140) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2)(B)— 
(A) by redesignating clauses (ii) and (iii) 
as (iii) and (iv), respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after clause (i) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(ii) a park and recreation agency of 
a unit of local government;’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)(B)— 
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(i) in clause (iv) by striking ‘‘violence, 
use of dangerous weapons’’ and inserting 
‘‘violence, bullying, harassment, gangs, use 
of dangerous weapons’’; and 
(ii) by inserting after clause (vi) the 
following: 
‘‘(vii) Encourage participation in reg-
ular physical activity and developments of 
habits that promote life-long physical fit-
ness.’’. 
(B) in paragraph (5)(B)(i) by striking 
‘‘schools with violence problems’’ and inserting 
‘‘schools with violence, bullying, or gang prob-
lems’’. 
(n) DEFINITIONS.—Section 4151 of that Act (20 
U.S.C. 7161) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in the heading by striking ‘‘DRUG AND 
VIOLENCE PREVENTION’’ and inserting ‘‘DRUG, 
VIOLENCE, 
BULLYING, 
AND
GANG
PREVEN-
TION’’; 
(B) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ‘‘drug and violence prevention’’ 
and inserting ‘‘drug, violence, bullying, and 
gang prevention’’; and 
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