section 203 for a fiscal year will be expended for 
post-release room or board for such individuals. 
(3) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that the State will provide training to 
help family members, providers of supports and 
services, and correctional facility personnel under-
stand and address the issues confronting such indi-
viduals preparing for independent living. 
(4) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that the State has consulted widely with 
public and private organizations in developing the 
plan and that the State has given all interested 
members of the public at least 60 days to submit 
comments on the plan. 
(5) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that the State will make every effort to 
coordinate the State programs receiving funds pro-
vided from an allotment made to the State under 
section 203 with other Federal and State programs 
for any of such individuals (especially the John H. 
Chafee Foster Care Independence Program under 42 
U.S.C. 677 and transitional living youth projects 
funded under part B of title III of the Juvenile Jus-
tice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 
U.S.C. 5714–1 et seq.)), local housing programs, 
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programs for disabled individuals, applicable Federal 
TRIO programs authorized under chapter 1 of sub-
part 2 of part A of title IV of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a–11 et seq.), and 
youth activities of local workforce one-stop centers. 
(6) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that each Indian tribe in the State has 
been consulted about the programs to be carried out 
under the plan; that there have been efforts to co-
ordinate the programs with such tribes; and that 
benefits and services under the programs will be 
made available to such individuals who are Indian in 
the State on the same basis as to other such individ-
uals in the State. 
(7) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that, when or before an individual de-
scribed in section 201(1) leaves a correctional facil-
ity, the State will inform the individual of the full 
range of available financial, housing, counseling, 
medical, mental health, substance abuse, employ-
ment, vocational training, education, public benefit 
assistance, family support, legal assistance, commu-
nity service, victim impact, and other appropriate 
programs, training, support, and services for which 
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the individual is eligible and which are located in the 
community to which the individual is returning. 
(8) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that the State will ensure that such in-
dividuals participating in the program under this 
title participate directly in designing their own case 
plans, discharge plans, reentry plans and program 
activities that prepare them for independent living 
and that such individuals accept personal responsi-
bility for living up to their part of the program. 
(9) A certification by the chief executive officer 
of the State that the State has established and will 
enforce standards and procedures to prevent fraud 
and abuse in the programs carried out under the 
plan. 
(10) A certification by the chief executive offi-
cer of the State that the State educational and 
training voucher program under this title is in com-
pliance with the conditions specified in section 209, 
including a statement describing methods the State 
will use— 
(A) to ensure that the total amount of edu-
cational assistance to any such individual under 
this title and under other Federal and federally 
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supported programs does not exceed the limita-
tion specified in section 209(3); and 
(B) to avoid duplication of benefits under 
this and any other Federal or federally assisted 
benefit program. 
(d) APPROVAL.—The Attorney General shall approve 
an application submitted by a State pursuant to sub-
section (a) for a period if— 
(1) the application is submitted on or before 
June 30 of the calendar year in which such period 
begins; and 
(2) the Attorney General finds that the applica-
tion contains the material required by subsection 
(a). 
(e) AUTHORITY TO IMPLEMENT CERTAIN AMEND-
MENTS; NOTIFICATION.—A State with an application ap-
proved under subsection (d) may implement any amend-
ment to the plan contained in the application if the appli-
cation, incorporating the amendment, would be approvable 
under subsection (d). Within 30 days after a State imple-
ments any such amendment, the State shall notify the At-
torney General of the amendment. 
(f) AVAILABILITY.—The State shall make available to 
the public, including by posting on a public Internet site, 
any application submitted by the State pursuant to sub-
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section (a), and a brief summary of the plan contained 
in the application. 
(g) STATE DEFINED.—For purposes of this title, the 
term ‘‘State’’ means any State of the United States, the 
District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. 
SEC. 203. ALLOTMENTS TO STATES. 
(a) GENERAL PROGRAM ALLOTMENT.—From the 
amount specified in section 208(1) that remains after ap-
plying section 207(b) for a fiscal year, the Attorney Gen-
eral shall allot to each State with an application approved 
under section 202 for the fiscal year the amount which 
bears the ratio to such remaining amount equal to the 
State youth ratio, as adjusted in accordance with sub-
section (b). 
(b) HOLD HARMLESS POSITION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall 
allot to each State whose allotment for a fiscal year 
under subsection (a) is less than the greater of 
$500,000 or the amount payable to the State under 
this title for fiscal year 2008, an additional amount 
equal to the difference between such allotment and 
such greater amount. 
(2) RATABLE REDUCTION OF CERTAIN ALLOT-
MENTS.—In the case of a State not described in 
paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, the Attorney General 
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SEC. 204. USE OF FUNDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—A State to which an amount is 
paid from its allotment under section 203 may use the 
amount in any manner that is reasonably calculated to ac-
complish the purposes of this title. 
(b) NO SUPPLANTATION OF OTHER FUNDS AVAIL-
ABLE
FOR SAME GENERAL PURPOSES.—The amounts 
paid to a State from its allotment under section 203 shall 
be used to supplement and not supplant any other funds 
which are available for the same general purposes in the 
State. 
(c) TWO-YEAR AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Payments 
made to a State under this title for a fiscal year shall be 
expended by the State in the fiscal year or in the suc-
ceeding fiscal year. 
(d) REALLOCATION OF UNUSED FUNDS.—If a State 
does not apply for funds under this title for a fiscal year 
within such time as may be provided by the Attorney Gen-
eral, the funds to which the State would be entitled for 
the fiscal year shall be reallocated to 1 or more other 
States on the basis of their relative need for additional 
payments under this title, as determined by the Attorney 
General. 
SEC. 205. PENALTIES. 
(a) USE OF GRANT IN VIOLATION OF THIS PART.— 
The Attorney General shall assess a penalty against a 
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State that operates a program receiving funds from an 
allotment made to a State under section 203 in a manner 
that is not consistent with, or not disclosed in the State 
application approved under section 202, in an amount 
equal to not less than 1 percent and not more than 5 per-
cent of the amount of the allotment. 
(b) FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH DATA REPORTING 
REQUIREMENT.—The Attorney General shall assess a 
penalty against a State that fails during a fiscal year to 
comply with an information collection plan implemented 
under section 206 in an amount equal to not less than 
1 percent and not more than 5 percent of the amount al-
lotted to the State for the fiscal year. 
(c) PENALTIES BASED ON DEGREE OF NONCOMPLI-
ANCE.—The Attorney General shall assess penalties under 
this subsection based on the degree of noncompliance. 
SEC. 206. DATA COLLECTION AND PERFORMANCE MEAS-
UREMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General, in con-
sultation with State and local public officials responsible 
for administering juvenile justice and criminal justice pro-
grams, juvenile justice and criminal justice advocates, 
youth service providers, and researchers, shall— 
(1) develop outcome measures (including meas-
ures of educational attainment, high school diploma 
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(or its equivalent), employment, homelessness, abuse 
and neglect of released juveniles, nonmarital child-
birth, recidivism, and high-risk behaviors) that can 
be used to assess the performance of States in oper-
ating youth offender reentry programs; 
(2) identify data elements needed to track— 
(A) the number and characteristics of 
youths receiving services under this title; 
(B) the type and quantity of services being 
provided; and 
(C) State performance on the outcome 
measures; and 
(3) develop and implement a plan to collect the 
needed information beginning with the second fiscal 
year beginning after December 14, 2008. 
SEC. 207. EVALUATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall con-
duct evaluations of such State programs funded under this 
title as the Attorney General deems to be innovative or 
of potential national significance. The evaluation of any 
such program shall include information on the effects of 
the program on education, employment, mental and phys-
ical health, personal development, and housing, and the 
use of room and board services and how the use of the 
services improves housing outcomes for the individuals. To 
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the maximum extent practicable, the evaluations shall be 
based on rigorous scientific standards including, where 
practicable, random assignment to treatment and control 
groups. The Attorney General is encouraged to work di-
rectly with State and local governments to design methods 
for conducting the evaluations, directly or by grant or con-
tract. 
(b) FUNDING OF EVALUATIONS.—The Attorney Gen-
eral shall reserve 1.5 percent of the amount under section 
208 for a fiscal year to carry out, during the fiscal year, 
evaluation, technical assistance, performance measure-
ment, and data collection activities related to this title, 
directly or through grants or contracts with appropriate 
entities. 
SEC. 208. LIMITATIONS ON AUTHORIZATION OF APPRO-
PRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated for each fis-
cal year— 
(1) $200,000,000 to carry out this title; and 
(2) $60,000,000 to carry out section 209. 
SEC. 209. EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING VOUCHERS. 
The following conditions shall apply to a State edu-
cational and training voucher program under this title: 
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(1) Vouchers under the program may be avail-
able to individuals who are eligible for other services 
under the State program carried out under this title. 
(2) Vouchers provided for an individual under 
this title— 
(A) may be available for the cost of attend-
ance at an institution of higher education, as 
defined in section 102 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002); and 
(B) shall not exceed the lesser of $5,000 
per year or the total cost of attendance, as de-
fined in section 472 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087ll). 
(3) The amount of a voucher under this title 
may be disregarded for purposes of determining the 
recipient’s eligibility for, or the amount of, any other 
Federal or federally supported assistance, except 
that the total amount of educational assistance to an 
individual under this title and under other Federal 
and federally supported programs shall not exceed 
such total cost of attendance and except that the 
State agency shall take appropriate steps to prevent 
duplication of benefits under this and other Federal 
or federally supported programs. 
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(4) Vouchers provided for an individual under 
this title shall not be used for purposes of— 
(A) enrollment in a private school or pro-
gram offering elementary or secondary edu-
cation; or 
(B) supplementing costs for attending such 
a school or program. 
(5) The program is coordinated with other ap-
propriate education and training programs. 
TITLE III—TREATMENT OF 
MEDICAID BENEFITS 
SEC. 301. RESTORATION OF MEDICAID BENEFITS FOR 
YOUTH UPON RELEASE FROM PUBLIC INSTI-
TUTIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1902(a) of the Social Se-
curity Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph 
(69); 
(2) by striking the period at the end of para-
graph (70) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (70) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(71) provide that in the case of any individual 
who is less than 25 years of age as of the date of 
becoming an inmate of a public institution for a pe-
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riod and who is less than 25 years of age at the time 
of release from such institution, if the individual was 
enrolled for medical assistance under the State plan 
immediately before becoming such an inmate— 
‘‘(A) the State must suspend, rather than 
terminate, such medical assistance for such in-
dividual during such period; and 
‘‘(B) such individual shall be presumed en-
rolled for such assistance upon release from 
such institution unless and until there is a de-
termination that the individual is no longer eli-
gible to be so enrolled.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 
the amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply 
to individuals who become inmates of a public insti-
tution on or after January 1, 2009. 
(2) EXCEPTION
IF
STATE
LEGISLATION
RE-
QUIRED.—In the case of a State plan for medical as-
sistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act 
which the Secretary of Health and Human Services 
determines requires State legislation (other than leg-
islation appropriating funds) in order for the plan to 
meet the additional requirement imposed by the 
amendment made by subsection (a)(3), the State 
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plan shall not be regarded as failing to comply with 
the requirements of such title solely on the basis of 
its failure to meet this additional requirement before 
the first day of the first calendar quarter beginning 
after the close of the first regular session of the 
State legislature that begins after the date of the en-
actment of this Act. For purposes of the previous 
sentence, in the case of a State that has a 2-year 
legislative session, each year of such session shall be 
deemed to be a separate regular session of the State 
legislature. 
Æ 
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