SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Research into pediatric uses of drugs; additional authorities of Food 
and Drug Administration regarding molecularly targeted can-
cer drugs. 
Sec. 3. Ensuring completion of pediatric study requirements. 
Sec. 4. FDA report on PREA enforcement. 
Sec. 5. Extension of authority to issue priority review vouchers to encourage 
treatments for rare pediatric diseases. 
Sec. 6. Limitations on exclusive approval or licensure of orphan drugs. 
Sec. 7. Program for pediatric studies of drugs. 
Sec. 8. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network. 
Sec. 9. Establishment of Abraham Accords Office within Food and Drug Ad-
ministration. 
Sec. 10. Increasing transparency in generic drug applications. 
Sec. 11. Medicare Improvement Fund. 
SEC. 2. RESEARCH INTO PEDIATRIC USES OF DRUGS; ADDI-
TIONAL AUTHORITIES OF FOOD AND DRUG 
ADMINISTRATION 
REGARDING 
MOLECU-
LARLY TARGETED CANCER DRUGS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) ADDITIONAL ACTIVE INGREDIENT FOR AP-
PLICATION DRUG; LIMITATION REGARDING NOVEL- 
COMBINATION
APPLICATION
DRUG.—Section 
505B(a)(3) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)(3)) is amended— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) 
and (C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respec-
tively; and
(B) by striking subparagraph (A) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of para-
graph (1)(B), the investigation described in this 
paragraph is a molecularly targeted pediatric 
cancer investigation of— 
‘‘(i) the drug or biological product for 
which the application referred to in such 
paragraph is submitted; or 
‘‘(ii) such drug or biological product 
used in combination with— 
‘‘(I) an active ingredient of a 
drug or biological product— 
‘‘(aa) for which an approved 
application under section 505(j) 
under this Act or under section 
351(k) of the Public Health 
Service Act is in effect; and 
‘‘(bb) that is determined by 
the Secretary, after consultation 
with the applicant, to be part of 
the standard of care for treating 
a pediatric cancer; or 
‘‘(II) an active ingredient of a 
drug or biological product—
‘‘(aa) for which an approved 
application under section 505(b) 
of this Act or section 351(a) of 
the Public Health Service Act to 
treat an adult cancer is in effect 
and is held by the same person 
submitting the application under 
paragraph (1)(B); and 
‘‘(bb) that is directed at a 
molecular target that the Sec-
retary determines to be substan-
tially relevant to the growth or 
progression of a pediatric cancer. 
‘‘(B) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(i) DESIGN
OF
INVESTIGATION.—A 
molecularly targeted pediatric cancer inves-
tigation referred to in subparagraph (A) 
shall be designed to yield clinically mean-
ingful pediatric study data that is gathered 
using appropriate formulations for each 
age group for which the study is required, 
regarding dosing, safety, and preliminary 
efficacy to inform potential pediatric label-
ing.
‘‘(ii) LIMITATION.—An investigation 
described in subparagraph (A)(ii) may be 
required only if the drug or biological 
product for which the application referred 
to in paragraph (1)(B) contains either— 
‘‘(I) a single new active ingre-
dient; or 
‘‘(II) more than one active ingre-
dient, if an application for the com-
bination of active ingredients has not 
previously been approved but each ac-
tive ingredient is in a drug product 
that has been previously approved to 
treat an adult cancer. 
‘‘(iii) RESULTS
OF
ALREADY-COM-
PLETED PRECLINICAL STUDIES OF APPLI-
CATION DRUG.—With respect to an inves-
tigation required pursuant to paragraph 
(1)(B), the Secretary may require the re-
sults of any completed preclinical studies 
relevant to the initial pediatric study plan 
be submitted to the Secretary at the same 
time that the initial pediatric study plan 
required under subsection (e)(1) is sub-
mitted.
‘‘(iv) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION
RE-
GARDING
INACTIVE
INGREDIENTS.—With 
respect to a combination of active ingredi-
ents referred to in subparagraph (A)(ii), 
such subparagraph shall not be construed 
as addressing the use of inactive ingredi-
ents with such combination.’’. 
(2) DETERMINATION OF APPLICABLE REQUIRE-
MENTS.—Section 505B(e)(1) of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(e)(1)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘The 
Secretary shall determine whether subparagraph (A) 
or (B) of subsection (a)(1) applies with respect to an 
application before the date on which the applicant is 
required to submit the initial pediatric study plan 
under paragraph (2)(A).’’. 
(3) 
CLARIFYING
APPLICABILITY.—Section 
505B(a)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)(1)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—No appli-
cation that is subject to the requirements of 
subparagraph (B) shall be subject to the re-
quirements of subparagraph (A), and no appli-
cation (or supplement to an application) that is
subject to the requirements of subparagraph 
(A) shall be subject to the requirements of sub-
paragraph (B).’’. 
(4) 
CONFORMING
AMENDMENTS.—Section 
505B(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)) is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (3)(C), as redesignated 
by paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection, by 
striking ‘‘investigations described in this para-
graph’’ and inserting ‘‘investigations referred to 
in subparagraph (A)’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3)(D), as redesignated 
by paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection, by 
striking ‘‘the assessments under paragraph 
(2)(B)’’ and inserting ‘‘the assessments re-
quired under paragraph (1)(A)’’. 
(b) GUIDANCE.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of 
Food and Drugs, shall— 
(1) not later than 12 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, issue draft guidance on the 
implementation of the amendments made by sub-
section (a); and
(2) not later than 12 months after closing the 
comment period on such draft guidance, finalize 
such guidance. 
(c) APPLICABILITY.—The amendments made by this 
section apply with respect to any application under section 
505(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 355(b)) and any application under section 351(a) 
of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262(a)), that 
is submitted on or after the date that is 3 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act. 
(d) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.— 
(1) SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERV-
ICES.—Not later than 6 years after the date of en-
actment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services shall submit to the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report on the 
Secretary’s efforts, in coordination with industry, to 
ensure implementation of the amendments made by 
subsection (a). 
(2) GAO STUDY AND REPORT.— 
(A) STUDY.—Not later than 8 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Comp-
troller General of the United States shall con-
duct a study of the effectiveness of requiring 
assessments and investigations described in sec-
tion 505B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c), as amended by 
subsection (a), in the development of drugs and 
biological products for pediatric cancer indica-
tions, including consideration of any benefits to, 
or burdens on, pediatric cancer drug develop-
ment. 
(B) FINDINGS.—Not later than 10 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General shall submit to the Com-
mittee on Energy and Commerce of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
Senate a report containing the findings of the 
study conducted under subparagraph (A). 
SEC. 3. ENSURING COMPLETION OF PEDIATRIC STUDY RE-
QUIREMENTS. 
(a) EQUAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PEDIATRIC STUDY 
REQUIREMENTS.—Section 505B(d) of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(d)) is amend-
ed—
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Beginning 
270’’ and inserting ‘‘NONCOMPLIANCE
LETTER.— 
Beginning 270’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘The drug or’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘EFFECT OF NONCOMPLIANCE.—The drug 
or’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘(except that the drug or 
biological product shall not be subject to action 
under section 303)’’ and inserting ‘‘(except that 
the drug or biological product shall be subject 
to action under section 303 only if such person 
demonstrated a lack of due diligence in satis-
fying the applicable requirement)’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—The Secretary shall not 
issue enforcement actions under section 303 for fail-
ures under this subsection in the case of a drug or 
biological product that is no longer marketed.’’. 
(b) DUE DILIGENCE.—Section 505B(d) of the Fed-
eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(d)), 
as amended by subsection (a), is further amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) DUE
DILIGENCE.—Before the Secretary 
may conclude that a person failed to submit or oth-
erwise meet a requirement as described in the mat-
ter preceding paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(A) issue a noncompliance letter pursuant 
to paragraph (1); 
‘‘(B) provide such person with a 45-day 
period beginning on the date of receipt of such 
noncompliance letter to respond in writing as 
set forth in such paragraph; and 
‘‘(C) after reviewing such written response, 
determine whether the person demonstrated a 
lack of due diligence in satisfying such require-
ment.’’. 
(c) 
CONFORMING
AMENDMENTS.—Section 
303(f)(4)(A) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
(21 U.S.C. 333(f)(4)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘or 505– 
1’’ and inserting ‘‘505–1, or 505B’’. 
(d) TRANSITION RULE.—The Secretary of Health 
and Human Services may take enforcement action under 
section 303 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
(21 U.S.C. 333) only for failures described in section 
505B(d) of such Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(d)) that occur on 
or after the date that is 180 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act.
SEC. 4. FDA REPORT ON PREA ENFORCEMENT. 
Section 508(b) of the Food and Drug Administration 
Safety and Innovation Act (21 U.S.C. 355c–1(b)) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (11), by striking the semicolon 
at the end and inserting ‘‘, including an evaluation 
of compliance with deadlines provided for in defer-
rals and deferral extensions;’’; 
(2) in paragraph (15), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(3) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(17) a listing of penalties, settlements, or pay-
ments under section 303 of the Federal Food, Drug, 
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353) for failure to 
comply with requirements under such section 505B, 
including, for each penalty, settlement, or payment, 
the name of the drug, the sponsor thereof, and the 
amount of the penalty, settlement, or payment im-
posed.’’. 
SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO ISSUE PRIORITY RE-
VIEW VOUCHERS TO ENCOURAGE TREAT-
MENTS FOR RARE PEDIATRIC DISEASES. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Paragraph (5) of section 529(b) of 
the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.
360ff(b)) is amended by striking ‘‘December 20, 2024, un-
less’’ and all that follows through the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2029.’’. 
(b) USER FEE PAYMENT.—Section 529(c)(4) of the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
360ff(c)(4)) is amended by striking subparagraph (A) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The priority review 
user fee required by this subsection shall be due 
upon the submission of a human drug applica-
tion under section 505(b)(1) or section 351(a) 
of the Public Health Service Act for which the 
priority review voucher is used. All other user 
fees associated with the human drug application 
shall be due as required by the Secretary or 
under applicable law.’’. 
(c) GAO REPORT ON EFFECTIVENESS OF RARE PE-
DIATRIC
DISEASE
PRIORITY
VOUCHER
AWARDS
IN 
INCENTIVIZING RARE PEDIATRIC DISEASE DRUG DEVEL-
OPMENT.— 
(1) GAO STUDY.— 
(A) STUDY.—The Comptroller General of 
the United States shall conduct a study of the 
effectiveness of awarding rare pediatric disease 
priority vouchers under section 529 of the Fed-
eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
360ff), as amended by subsection (a), in the de-
velopment of human drug products that treat or 
prevent rare pediatric diseases (as defined in 
such section 529). 
(B) CONTENTS OF STUDY.—In conducting 
the study under subparagraph (A), the Comp-
troller General shall examine the following: 
(i) The indications for each drug or 
biological product that— 
(I) is the subject of a rare pedi-
atric disease product application (as 
defined in section 529 of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 360ff)) for which a priority re-
view voucher was awarded; and 
(II) was approved under section 
505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
Cosmetic Act (42 U.S.C. 355) or li-
censed under section 351 of the Pub-
lic Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
262). 
(ii) Whether, and to what extent, an 
unmet need related to the treatment or 
prevention of a rare pediatric disease was
met through the approval or licensure of 
such a drug or biological product. 
(iii) The size of the company to which 
a priority review voucher was awarded 
under section 529 of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff) 
for such a drug or biological product. 
(iv) The value of such priority review 
voucher if transferred. 
(v) Identification of each drug for 
which a priority review voucher awarded 
under such section 529 was used. 
(vi) The size of the company using 
each priority review voucher awarded 
under such section 529. 
(vii) The length of the period of time 
between the date on which a priority re-
view voucher was awarded under such sec-
tion 529 and the date on which it was 
used. 
(viii) Whether, and to what extent, an 
unmet need related to the treatment or 
prevention of a rare pediatric disease was 
met through the approval under section 
505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (42 U.S.C. 355) or licensure 
under section 351 of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262) of a drug for 
which a priority review voucher was used. 
(ix) Whether, and to what extent, 
companies were motivated by the avail-
ability of priority review vouchers under 
section 529 of the Federal Food, Drug, 
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff) to at-
tempt to develop a drug for a rare pedi-
atric disease. 
(x) Whether, and to what extent, pedi-
atric review vouchers awarded under such 
section were successful in stimulating de-
velopment and expedited patient access to 
drug products for treatment or prevention 
of a rare pediatric disease that wouldn’t 
otherwise take place without the incentive 
provided by such vouchers. 
(xi) The impact of such priority re-
view vouchers on the workload, review 
process, and public health prioritization ef-
forts of the Food and Drug Administra-
tion.
(xii) Any other incentives in Federal 
law that exist for companies developing 
drugs or biological products described in 
clause (i). 
(2) REPORT ON FINDINGS.—Not later than 5 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Sen-
ate a report containing the findings of the study 
conducted under paragraph (1). 
SEC. 6. LIMITATIONS ON EXCLUSIVE APPROVAL OR LICEN-
SURE OF ORPHAN DRUGS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 527 of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360cc) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the matter following 
paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘same disease or condi-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘same approved use or indica-
tion within such rare disease or condition’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘same rare disease or condition’’ 
and inserting ‘‘same approved use or indication
for which such 7-year period applies to such al-
ready approved or licensed drug’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘, relat-
ing to the approved use or indication,’’ after 
‘‘the needs’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ‘‘same rare 
disease or condition as the already approved drug’’ 
and inserting ‘‘same use or indication for which the 
already approved or licensed drug was approved or 
licensed’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) APPROVED USE OR INDICATION DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘approved use or indication’ means 
the use or indication approved under section 505 of this 
Act or licensed under section 351 of the Public Health 
Service Act for a drug designated under section 526 for 
a rare disease or condition.’’. 
(b) APPLICATION OF AMENDMENTS.—The amend-
ments made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to 
any drug designated under section 526 of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360bb), regard-
less of the date on which the drug was so designated, and 
regardless of the date on which the drug was approved 
under section 505 of such Act (21 U.S.C. 355) or licensed
under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 262). 
SEC. 7. PROGRAM FOR PEDIATRIC STUDIES OF DRUGS. 
Section 409I(d)(1) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 284m(d)(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘section,’’ 
and all that follows through the period at the end and 
inserting ‘‘section, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2026 through 2028.’’. 
SEC. 8. ORGAN PROCUREMENT AND TRANSPLANTATION 
NETWORK. 
Section 372 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 274) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(2)— 
(A) by moving the margins of subpara-
graphs (M) through (O) 2 ems to the left; 
(B) in subparagraph (A)— 
(i) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘, and’’ 
and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(ii) in clause (ii), by striking the 
comma at the end and inserting a semi-
colon; 
(C) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘twenty-four-hour telephone service’’ and in-
serting ‘‘24-hour telephone or information tech-
nology service’’;
(D) in each of subparagraphs (B) through 
(M), by striking the comma at the end and in-
serting a semicolon; 
(E) in subparagraph (N), by striking 
‘‘transportation, and’’ and inserting ‘‘transpor-
tation;’’; 
(F) in subparagraph (O), by striking the 
period and inserting a semicolon; and 
(G) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(P) encourage the integration of elec-
tronic health records systems through applica-
tion programming interfaces (or successor tech-
nologies) among hospitals, organ procurement 
organizations, and transplant centers, including 
the use of automated electronic hospital refer-
rals and the grant of remote, electronic access 
to hospital electronic health records of potential 
donors by organ procurement organizations, in 
a manner that complies with the privacy regula-
tions promulgated under the Health Insurance 
Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, at 
part 160 of title 45, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, and subparts A, C, and E of part 164 of 
such title (or any successor regulations); and
‘‘(Q) consider establishing a dashboard to 
display the number of transplants performed, 
the types of transplants performed, the number 
and types of organs that entered the Organ 
Procurement and Transplantation Network sys-
tem and failed to be transplanted, and other 
appropriate statistics, which should be updated 
more frequently than annually.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(d) REGISTRATION FEES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may collect 
registration fees from any member of the Organ 
Procurement and Transplantation Network for each 
transplant candidate such member places on the list 
described in subsection (b)(2)(A)(i). Such registra-
tion fees shall be collected and distributed only to 
support the operation of the Organ Procurement 
and Transplantation Network. Such registration fees 
are authorized to remain available until expended. 
‘‘(2) COLLECTION.—The Secretary may collect 
the registration fees under paragraph (1) directly or 
through awards made under subsection (b)(1)(A). 
‘‘(3) DISTRIBUTION.—Any amounts collected 
under this subsection shall—
‘‘(A) be credited to the currently applicable 
appropriation, account, or fund of the Depart-
ment of Health and Human Services as discre-
tionary offsetting collections; and 
‘‘(B) be available, only to the extent and in 
the amounts provided in advance in appropria-
tions Acts, to distribute such fees among 
awardees described in subsection (b)(1)(A). 
‘‘(4) TRANSPARENCY.—The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(A) promptly post on the website of the 
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Net-
work— 
‘‘(i) the amount of registration fees 
collected under this subsection from each 
member of the Organ Procurement and 
Transplantation Network; and 
‘‘(ii) a list of activities such fees are 
used to support; and 
‘‘(B) update the information posted pursu-
ant to subparagraph (A), as applicable for each 
calendar quarter for which fees are collected 
under paragraph (1). 
‘‘(5) GAO REVIEW.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this subsection, the
Comptroller General of the United States shall, to 
the extent data are available— 
‘‘(A) conduct a review concerning the ac-
tivities under this subsection; and 
‘‘(B) submit to the Committee on Health, 
Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Com-
mittee on Finance of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Energy and Commerce of the House 
of Representatives, a report on such review, in-
cluding related recommendations, as applicable. 
‘‘(6) SUNSET.—The authority to collect reg-
istration fees under paragraph (1) shall expire on 
the date that is 3 years after the date of enactment 
of the Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act.’’. 
SEC. 9. ESTABLISHMENT OF ABRAHAM ACCORDS OFFICE 
WITHIN FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter X of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 391 et seq.) is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1015. ABRAHAM ACCORDS OFFICE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall establish with-
in the Food and Drug Administration an office, to be 
known as the Abraham Accords Office, to be headed by 
a director.
‘‘(b) OFFICE.—Not later than two years after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) in consultation with the governments of 
Abraham Accords countries, as well as appropriate 
United States Government diplomatic and security 
personnel— 
‘‘(A) select the location of the Abraham 
Accords Office in an Abraham Accords country; 
and 
‘‘(B) establish such office; and 
‘‘(2) assign to such office such personnel of the 
Food and Drug Administration as the Secretary de-
termines necessary to carry out the functions of 
such office. 
‘‘(c) DUTIES.—The Secretary, acting through the Di-
rector of the Abraham Accords Office, shall— 
‘‘(1) after the Abraham Accords Office is estab-
lished— 
‘‘(A) as part of the Food and Drug Admin-
istration’s work to strengthen the international 
oversight of regulated commodities, provide 
technical assistance to regulatory partners in 
Abraham Accords countries on strengthening 
regulatory oversight and converging regulatory 
requirements for the oversight of regulated
products, including good manufacturing prac-
tices and other issues relevant to manufacturing 
medical products that are regulated by the 
Food and Drug Administration; and 
‘‘(B) facilitate interactions between the 
Food and Drug Administration and interested 
parties in Abraham Accords countries, including 
by sharing relevant information regarding 
United States regulatory pathways with such 
parties, and facilitate feedback on the research, 
development, and manufacturing of products 
regulated in accordance with this Act; and 
‘‘(2) carry out other functions and activities as 
the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry 
out this section. 
‘‘(d) ABRAHAM ACCORDS COUNTRY DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘Abraham Accords country’ means 
a country identified by the Department of State as having 
signed the Abraham Accords Declaration. 
‘‘(e) NATIONAL SECURITY.—Nothing in this section 
shall be construed to require any action inconsistent with 
a national security recommendation provided by the Fed-
eral Government.’’. 
(b) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services shall submit to the 
Congress a report on the Abraham Accords Office, 
including— 
(A) an evaluation of how the Office has ad-
vanced progress toward conformance with Food 
and Drug Administration regulatory require-
ments by manufacturers in the Abraham Ac-
cords countries; 
(B) a numerical count of parties that the 
Office has helped facilitate interactions or feed-
back pursuant to section 1015(c)(1)(B) of the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (as 
added by subsection (a)); 
(C) a summary of technical assistance pro-
vided to regulatory partners in Abraham Ac-
cords countries pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
of such section 1015(c)(1); and 
(D) recommendations for increasing and 
improving coordination between the Food and 
Drug Administration and entities in Abraham 
Accords countries. 
(2) ABRAHAM ACCORDS COUNTRY DEFINED.— 
In this subsection, the term ‘‘Abraham Accords
country’’ has the meaning given such term in section 
1015(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (as added by subsection (a)). 
SEC. 10. INCREASING TRANSPARENCY IN GENERIC DRUG 
APPLICATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 505(j)(3) of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(3)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(H)(i) Upon request (in controlled correspondence 
or an analogous process) by a person that has submitted 
or intends to submit an abbreviated application under this 
subsection for a drug that is required by regulation to con-
tain one or more of the same inactive ingredients in the 
same concentrations as the listed drug referred to, or for 
which the Secretary determines there is a scientific jus-
tification for an approach that is in vitro, in whole or in 
part, to be used to demonstrate bioequivalence for a drug 
if such a drug contains one or more of the same inactive 
ingredients in the same concentrations as the listed drug 
referred to, the Secretary shall inform the person whether 
such drug is qualitatively and quantitatively the same as 
the listed drug. The Secretary may also provide such infor-
mation to such a person on the Secretary’s own initiative 
during the review of an abbreviated application under this 
subsection for such drug.
‘‘(ii) Notwithstanding section 301(j), if the Secretary 
determines that such drug is not qualitatively or quan-
titatively the same as the listed drug, the Secretary shall 
identify and disclose to the person— 
‘‘(I) the ingredient or ingredients that cause 
such drug not to be qualitatively or quantitatively 
the same as the listed drug; and 
‘‘(II) for any ingredient for which there is an 
identified quantitative deviation, the amount of such 
deviation. 
‘‘(iii) If the Secretary determines that such drug is 
qualitatively and quantitatively the same as the listed 
drug, the Secretary shall not change or rescind such deter-
mination after the submission of an abbreviated applica-
tion for such drug under this subsection unless— 
‘‘(I) the formulation of the listed drug has been 
changed and the Secretary has determined that the 
prior listed drug formulation was withdrawn for rea-
sons of safety or effectiveness; or 
‘‘(II) the Secretary makes a written determina-
tion that the prior determination must be changed 
because an error has been identified. 
‘‘(iv) If the Secretary makes a written determination 
described in clause (iii)(II), the Secretary shall provide no-
tice and a copy of the written determination to the person 
making the request under clause (i). 
‘‘(v) The disclosures authorized under clauses (i) and 
(ii) are disclosures authorized by law, including for pur-
poses of section 1905 of title 18, United States Code. This 
subparagraph shall not otherwise be construed to author-
ize the disclosure of nonpublic qualitative or quantitative 
information about the ingredients in a listed drug, or to 
affect the status, if any, of such information as trade se-
cret or confidential commercial information for purposes 
of section 301(j) of this Act, section 552 of title 5, United 
States Code, or section 1905 of title 18, United States 
Code.’’. 
(b) GUIDANCE.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than one year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Health and Human Services shall issue 
draft guidance, or update guidance, describing how 
the Secretary will determine whether a drug is quali-
tatively and quantitatively the same as the listed 
drug 
(as 
such 
terms 
are 
used 
in 
section 
505(j)(3)(H) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act, as added by subsection (a)), including 
with respect to assessing pH adjusters.
(2) PROCESS.—In issuing guidance under this 
subsection, the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services shall— 
(A) publish draft guidance; 
(B) provide a period of at least 60 days for 
comment on the draft guidance; and 
(C) after considering any comments re-
ceived and not later than one year after the 
close of the comment period on the draft guid-
ance, publish final guidance. 
(c) APPLICABILITY.—Section 505(j)(3)(H) of the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by sub-
section (a), applies beginning on the date of enactment 
of this Act, irrespective of the date on which the guidance 
required by subsection (b) is finalized. 
SEC. 11. MEDICARE IMPROVEMENT FUND. 
Section 1898(b)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 
1395iii(b)(1)) 
is 
amended 
by 
striking 
‘‘$1,403,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$2,622,000,000’’. 
Passed the House of Representatives December 1, 
2025. 
Attest: 
Clerk.
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 1262 
AN ACT 
To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act with respect to molecularly targeted pediatric 
cancer investigations, and for other purposes.