pheric Research, National Environmental Satellite, Data, 
and Information Service, National Marine Fisheries Serv-
ice, National Ocean Service, National Weather Service, 
and the Office of Marine and Aviation Operations. 
(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out sub-
section (a), the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration shall— 
(1) test, evaluate, and demonstrate the utility 
of unmanned aircraft systems technologies for the 
Administration; 
(2) support Administration activities and Coop-
erative Institute referred to in subsection (i)(3) 
projects, and support and encourage Federal and 
State agencies, academic institutions, nongovern-
mental organizations, industry representatives, and 
others to— 
(A) accelerate the transition of unmanned 
aircraft systems capabilities from research to 
operations and other uses and facilitate new un-
manned aircraft systems applications within the 
Administration; 
(B) evaluate current observation strategies 
and identify critical data gaps best suited for 
advanced unmanned aircraft systems; 
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(C) prioritize activities that collect or ac-
quire routine observations which feed forecasts 
and models; 
(D) test, develop, and evaluate safe sys-
tems capable of safely operating beyond visual 
line of sight; 
(E) collect or acquire measurements of at-
mospheric and oceanic parameters; and 
(F) ensure the archiving, stewardship, util-
ity, and preservation of and public accessibility 
to the observations collected are shared with the 
Administration; 
(3) provide and support research experiences 
and training for undergraduate and graduate stu-
dents in unmanned aircraft systems research, devel-
opment, and operations relevant to the mission of 
the Administration, and other education and train-
ing opportunities consistent with the purpose of this 
section; 
(4) contribute to and supplement field cam-
paigns at the Department of Energy’s Atmospheric 
Radiation Measurement user facility in order to in-
corporate unmanned aircraft systems and resulting 
data into the development of combined observational 
and modeling elements; and 
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(5) support and conduct leading-edge research 
and development of innovative unmanned aircraft 
systems technologies and concepts to advance re-
search areas in subsection (c). 
(c) RESEARCH AREAS.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration shall award financial assistance to 
eligible entities to carry out projects on the use of un-
manned aircraft systems to collect environmental data and 
monitor climate impacts, including— 
(1) severe weather forecasts and damage assess-
ments; 
(2) rapid flood mapping; 
(3) real-time hurricane data, including close-to- 
surface and low altitude meteorological measure-
ments; 
(4) enhanced atmospheric monitoring and sam-
pling, including physical and chemical measurements 
in the atmospheric boundary layer; 
(5) marine mammal detection and monitoring; 
(6) near-real time harmful algal bloom meas-
urements for rapid response efforts; 
(7) coastal restoration and habitation moni-
toring, including detection and monitoring of marine 
debris, oil spill, and hazardous materials; 
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(8) mapping, charting, and geodesy applications 
to support safety of navigation; 
(9) wildfire observations and data to improve 
fire weather modeling; 
(10) other areas related to science and steward-
ship of the climate, weather, oceans, coasts, and 
Great Lakes; and 
(11) any other areas the Administrator deter-
mines necessary and appropriate. 
(d) PRIORITY.—In carrying out the research areas in 
subsection (c), the Administrator of the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration shall, to the maximum 
extent practicable, prioritize activities that increase the 
Administration’s operational use of unmanned aircraft 
systems by extending the range of times, location, and 
conditions in which observations can be made at lower 
cost. As part of such activities, the Administrator may— 
(1) enter into contracts with one or more enti-
ties in the commercial data sector to acquire data 
collected by unmanned aircraft systems; and 
(2) leverage existing facilities, instruments, and 
tools, including the Administration’s satellites, fleet 
of ships, and crewed aircraft. 
(e) TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.—In carrying out sub-
section (a), and in coordination with the Small Business 
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Innovation Research program of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the Ad-
ministration shall support technology transfer of un-
manned aircraft systems research by partnering with Fed-
eral agencies and industry. 
(f) COORDINATION.—The Administrator of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall co-
ordinate the activities authorized under this section with 
the activities authorized in section 3 of the Commercial 
Engagement Through Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (33 
U.S.C. 4102) and engage with other Federal departments 
and agencies, research communities, nongovernmental or-
ganizations, and industry stakeholders through the inter-
agency working group under section 101. 
(g) SUPPORT OF INSTITUTES.—For the purposes of 
subsection (a), the Administrator of the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration may support relevant ac-
tivities at one or more Institutes under section 201(a) for 
the purpose of advancing the field of unmanned aircraft 
systems. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator of 
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to 
carry out this section— 
(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
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(1) advance advanced air mobility and un-
manned aircraft systems; and 
(2) facilitate the safe integration of advanced 
air mobility and unmanned aircraft systems into the 
national airspace system. 
(b) LESSONS LEARNED.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall apply lessons 
learned from unmanned aircraft systems research, devel-
opment, demonstration, and testing to advanced air mobil-
ity systems. 
(c) UNMANNED
AND MANNED AIRCRAFT SAFETY 
RESEARCH.—As part of the activities under subsection 
(a), the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion shall conduct comprehensive research and testing for 
advanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft systems 
safety, including— 
(1) collisions between advanced air mobility and 
unmanned aircraft systems of various sizes, traveling 
at various speeds, and commercial jet airliners of 
various sizes, traveling at various speeds; 
(2) collisions between advanced air mobility and 
unmanned aircraft systems of various sizes, traveling 
at various speeds, and propeller planes of various 
sizes, traveling at various speeds; 
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marizing the costs and results of research under sub-
section (c). 
(e) STUDY.—Not later than 30 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall commission an 
independent study to— 
(1) develop parameters to conduct research and 
development for probabilistic metrics to enable the 
identification of hazards and the assessment of risks 
as necessary to make determinations under section 
44807 of title 49, United States Code, that certain 
advanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft sys-
tems may operate safely in the national airspace sys-
tem; and 
(2) identify additional research needed to more 
effectively develop and use such metrics and make 
such determinations. 
In developing parameters for probabilistic metrics, the 
study conducted pursuant to this subsection shall take 
into account the utility of performance standards to make 
determinations under section 44809 of title 49, United 
States Code. The Administrator shall consider the results 
of the study when making a determination under such sec-
tion 44809. 
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(f) STUDY SUBMISSION.—Not later than nine months 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall submit 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the re-
sults of the study conducted under subsection (e). 
(g) PROBABILISTIC ASSESSMENT
OF RISKS.—The 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall conduct research and development to enable a prob-
abilistic assessment of risks to inform requirements for 
standards for operational certification of public advanced 
air mobility systems and unmanned aircraft systems in the 
national airspace. 
(h) SUPPORT FOR INSTITUTES.—The Administrator 
of the Federal Aviation Administration may support one 
or more institutes described in section 201(a) for the pur-
pose of advancing the field of unmanned aircraft systems 
and supporting the mission of the Administration. 
SEC. 902. UNIVERSITY UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AND 
ADVANCE AIR MOBILITY CENTERS. 
(a) GRANTS
FOR
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
OPER-
ATION.—The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration shall make grants to one or more institutions 
of higher education to establish and operate one regional 
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university advanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft 
system center in each of the ten Federal regions which 
compromise the Standards Federal Regions established by 
the Office of Management and Budget in the document 
entitled ‘‘Standard Federal Regions’’ and dated April 
1974 (circular A–105). 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The responsibilities of the 
unmanned aircraft systems and advanced air mobility cen-
ter established under this section shall include the conduct 
of advanced air mobility research and research concerning 
safely integrating unmanned aircraft systems into the na-
tional airspace system and the interpretation, publication, 
and dissemination of the results of such research. The re-
sponsibility of one such center may include research on 
detection and avoidance capabilities. 
(c) APPLICATION.—An institution of higher edu-
cation interested in receiving a grant under this section 
shall submit to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration an application in such form and containing 
such information as the Administrator may require. 
(d) SELECTION CRITERIA.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall select recipients of 
grants under this section on the basis of the following cri-
teria: 
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(1) The grant recipient shall have demonstrated 
research and extension resources available for car-
rying out this subsection. 
(2) The grant recipient shall have demonstrated 
its capability to provide leadership in making na-
tional and regional contributions for addressing 
long-range and immediate advanced air mobility and 
unmanned aircraft systems issues. 
(3) The grant recipient shall have an estab-
lished advanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft 
systems or related research program. 
(4) The grant recipient shall have a dem-
onstrated commitment to supporting ongoing ad-
vanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft systems 
research programs. 
(5) The grant recipient shall have demonstrated 
ability to disseminate results of advanced air mobil-
ity and unmanned aircraft systems research and 
educational programs through a statewide or region-
wide continuing education program. 
(e) CONSIDERATION.—In making a selection of a 
grant recipient, the Administrator shall consider the 
projects which the grant recipient proposes to carry out 
under the grant. 
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(f) LOCATION.—The unmanned aircraft system and 
advanced air mobility center shall be located in a State 
which is representative of the needs of the Federal region 
for improved advanced air mobility and unmanned aircraft 
systems test facilities. 
(g) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of a grant 
under this section shall be 75 percent of the costs of estab-
lishing and operating the regional center and related re-
search activities carried out by the grant recipient. 
(h) NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT; FUNCTIONS.—The Ad-
ministrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall establish in the Administration a national advi-
sory council to— 
(A) coordinate the research and training to 
be carried out by grant recipients; 
(B) disseminate the results of such re-
search; 
(C) act as a clearing house between such 
centers and the advanced air mobility and un-
manned aircraft systems industry; and 
(D) review and evaluate programs carried 
out by such centers. 
(2) MEMBERS.—The national advisory council 
established under this subsection shall be composed 
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of the directors of the advanced air mobility and un-
manned aircraft systems centers and 19 other mem-
bers appointed by the Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration as follows: 
(A) Six officers of the Federal Aviation 
Administration, of whom— 
(i) one represents the Office of the 
Administrator; 
(ii) one represents the Unmanned Air-
craft Systems Integration Office; 
(iii) one represents the Office of 
NextGen; 
(iv) one represents the Office of Avia-
tion Safety; 
(v) one represents the Office of Air 
Traffic Organization; and 
(vi) 
one 
represents 
the 
Mike 
Monroney Aeronautical Center. 
(B) Five representatives of State, local, 
Tribal, or territorial governments. 
(C) Eight representatives of the unmanned 
aircraft systems industry, including private in-
dustry. 
(3) TERM OF OFFICE; PAY; CHAIRMAN.—Each 
of the members appointed by the Administrator of 
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the Federal Aviation Administration shall serve 
without pay. The chairman of the national advisory 
council shall be designated by the Administrator. 
(4) MEETINGS.—The national advisory council 
shall meet at least annually and at such other times 
as the chairman may designate. 
(5) AGENCY
INFORMATION.—Subject to sub-
chapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, United States 
Code, the national advisory council may secure di-
rectly from any department or agency of the United 
States information necessary to enable it to carry 
out this subsection. Upon request from the chairman 
of the council, the head of such department or agen-
cy shall furnish such information to the council. 
(6) TERMINATION DATE INAPPLICABLE.—Sec-
tion 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall 
not apply to the council. 
(i) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.—The Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall allocate funds 
made available to carry out this section equitably among 
Federal regions. 
(j) TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SET-ASIDE.—Not less 
than five percent of the funds made available to carry out 
this section for any fiscal year shall be available to carry 
out technology transfer activities. 
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SEC. 903. ALLOWANCE FOR THE PURPOSES OF RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT. 
Except as necessary to support enforcement action 
under applicable provisions of law against persons oper-
ating an advanced air mobility system or unmanned air-
craft in a manner that endangers the safety of the Na-
tional Airspace System, and notwithstanding any other 
provision of law relating to the incorporation of advanced 
air mobility and unmanned aircraft systems into Federal 
Aviation Administration plans and policies, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administration may not 
promulgate any rule or regulation regarding the operation 
of an unmanned aircraft system— 
(1) that is flown strictly for research and devel-
opment use; 
(2) that is operated less than 400 feet above 
the ground and in Class G airspace; 
(3) that is operated in a manner that does not 
interfere with and gives way to any manned aircraft; 
and 
(4) with respect to which, in any case in which 
the unmanned aircraft system is flown within five 
miles of an airport, the operator of the aircraft pro-
vides the airport operator and the airport air traffic 
control tower (when an air traffic facility is located 
at the airport) with prior notice of such operation, 
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including by establishing a mutually agreed upon op-
erating procedure in cases with respect to which 
such unmanned aircraft system is flown from a per-
manent location within five miles of an airport. 
SEC. 904. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT FUNDING.—There are authorized to 
be appropriated to the Administrator of the Federal Avia-
tion Administration to carry out section 901— 
(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
(2) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
(3) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
(4) $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2027; and 
(5) $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2028. 
(b) UNIVERSITY UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 
CENTER FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration to carry out section 902— 
(1) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
(2) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
(3) $110,250,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
(4) $115,762,500 for fiscal year 2027; and 
(5) $121,550,625 for fiscal year 2028. 
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TITLE X—LIMITATION 
SEC. 1001. LIMITATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as otherwise provided in 
this section, none of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act may be used for the purchase, acquisi-
tion, or operation of advanced air mobility and unmanned 
aircraft systems— 
(1) produced or assembled in, or containing 
components produced or assembled in, a foreign 
country of concern; or 
(2) produced or assembled by entities owned, 
controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direc-
tion of the government of, a foreign country of con-
cern. 
(b) EXCEPTION.—The limitation in subsection (a) 
shall not apply to the acquisition of advanced air mobility 
and unmanned aircraft systems for the purposes of re-
search and development for improving the United States 
counter-unmanned aircraft systems capabilities. 
(c) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Commerce may waive 
the limitation in subsection (a) if the Secretary deter-
mines, in consultation with the Director of National Intel-
ligence, that such waiver is in the national security inter-
est of the United States. 
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(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—The Secretary of Com-
merce shall report the issuance of such a waiver to the 
relevant committees of jurisdiction of Congress not later 
than 30 days after issuing such waiver. 
(e) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘foreign 
country of concern’’ means— 
(1) a country that is a covered nation (as de-
fined in section 4872(d) of title 10 United States 
Code); and 
(2) any country that the Secretary of Com-
merce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense 
and the Director of National Intelligence, determines 
to be engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the 
national security or foreign policy of the United 
States. 
Æ 
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