In the Senate of the United States,
May 23, 1996.
Resolved, That the resolution from the House of Rep-
resentatives (H. Con. Res. 178) entitled ‘‘Concurrent resolu-
tion establishing the congressional budget for the United
States Government for fiscal year 1997 and setting forth ap-
propriate budgetary levels for the fiscal years 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, and 2002.’’, do pass with the following
AMENDMENT:
Strike out all after the resolving clause and insert:
SECTION 1. CONCURRENT RESOLUTION ON THE BUDGET
FOR FISCAL YEAR 1997.
(a) DECLARATION.—The Congress determines and de-
clares that this resolution is the concurrent resolution on
the budget for fiscal year 1997, including the appropriate
budgetary levels for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and
2001, as required by section 301 of the Congressional Budg-
et Act of 1974, and including the appropriate levels for fis-
cal year 2002.
HCON 178 EAS
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for
this concurrent resolution is as follows:
Sec. 1. Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 1997.
TITLE I—LEVELS AND AMOUNTS
Sec. 101. Recommended levels and amounts.
Sec. 102. Debt increase.
Sec. 103. Social Security.
Sec. 104. Major functional categories.
Sec. 105. Reconciliation.
TITLE II—BUDGETARY RESTRAINTS AND RULEMAKING
Sec. 201. Discretionary spending limits.
Sec. 202. Tax reserve fund in the Senate.
Sec. 203. Superfund reserve fund in the Senate.
Sec. 204. Scoring of emergency legislation.
Sec. 205. Exercise of rulemaking powers.
TITLE III—SENSE OF THE CONGRESS, HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES, AND SENATE
Sec. 301. Sense of the Congress on sale of Government assets.
Sec. 302. Sense of the Congress that tax reductions should benefit working fami-
lies.
Sec. 303. Sense of the Congress on a Bipartisan Commission on the Solvency of
Medicare.
Sec. 304. Sense of the Senate on considering a change in the minimum wage in
the Senate.
Sec. 305. Sense of the Senate on long term projections in budget estimates.
Sec. 306. Sense of the Congress on medicare transfers.
Sec. 307. Sense of the Senate on repeal of the gas tax.
Sec. 308. Sense of the Senate on medicare trustees report.
Sec. 309. Sense of the Congress regarding changes in the medicare program.
Sec. 310. Sense of the Senate on funding to assist youth at risk.
Sec. 311. Sense of the Senate regarding the use of budgetary savings.
Sec. 312. Sense of the Senate regarding the transfer of excess Government comput-
ers to public schools.
Sec. 313. Sense of the Senate on Federal retreats.
Sec. 314. Sense of the Senate regarding the essential air service program of the
Department of Transportation.
Sec. 315. Sense of the Senate regarding equal retirement savings for homemakers.
Sec. 316. Sense of the Senate regarding the National Institute of Drug Abuse.
Sec. 317. Sense of the Senate regarding the extension of the employer education
assistance exclusion under section 127 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986.
Sec. 318. Sense of the Senate regarding the Economic Development Administra-
tion placing high priority on maintaining field-based economic
development representatives.
Sec. 319. Sense of the Senate regarding revenue assumptions.
Sec. 320. Sense of the Senate regarding domestic violence.
Sec. 321. Sense of the Senate regarding student loans.
Sec. 322. Sense of the Senate regarding reduction of the national debt.
HCON 178 EAS
Sec. 323. Sense of the Senate regarding hungry or homeless children.
Sec. 324. Sense of the Senate on LIHEAP.
Sec. 325. Sense of the Congress regarding additional charges under the medicare
program.
Sec. 326. Sense of the Congress regarding nursing home standards.
Sec. 327. Sense of the Congress concerning nursing home care.
Sec. 328. Sense of the Congress regarding requirements that welfare recipients be
drug-free.
Sec. 329. Sense of the Senate on Davis-Bacon.
Sec. 330. Sense of the Senate on Davis-Bacon.
Sec. 331. Sense of Congress on reimbursement of the United States for Operations
Southern Watch and Provide Comfort.
Sec. 332. Accurate index for inflation.
Sec. 333. Sense of the Senate on solvency of the Medicare Trust Fund.
Sec. 334. Sense of the Congress that the 1993 income tax increase on social secu-
rity benefits should be repealed.
Sec. 335. Sense of the Senate regarding the Administration’s practice regarding
the prosecution of drug smugglers.
Sec. 336. Corporate subsidies and sale of Government assets.
Sec. 337. Sense of the Senate on the Presidential Election Campaign Fund.
Sec. 338. Sense of the Senate regarding welfare reform.
Sec. 339. A resolution regarding the Senate’s support for Federal, State, and local
law enforcement.
Sec. 340. Sense of the Senate regarding the funding of Amtrak.
Sec. 341. Sense of the Senate—Truth in Budgeting.
TITLE I—LEVELS AND AMOUNTS
SEC. 101. RECOMMENDED LEVELS AND AMOUNTS.
The following budgetary levels are appropriate for the
fiscal years 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002:
(1) FEDERAL REVENUES.—For purposes of the
enforcement of this resolution—
(A) The recommended levels of Federal reve-
nues are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $1,086,200,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $1,129,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $1,176,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $1,229,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $1,289,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $1,359,100,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) The amounts by which the aggregate
levels of Federal revenues should be changed are
as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: ¥$14,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: ¥$18,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: ¥$22,300,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: ¥$21,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: ¥$21,500,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: ¥$14,800,000,000.
(C) The amounts for Federal Insurance
Contributions Act revenues for hospital insur-
ance within the recommended levels of Federal
revenues are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $108,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $113,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $119,200,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $125,500,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $131,300,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $137,700,000,000.
(2) NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY.—For purposes of
the enforcement of this resolution, the appropriate lev-
els of total new budget authority are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $1,323,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $1,361,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $1,392,400,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2000: $1,433,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $1,454,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $1,499,100,000,000.
(3) BUDGET OUTLAYS.—For purposes of the en-
forcement of this resolution, the appropriate levels of
total budget outlays are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $1,318,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $1,353,500,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $1,382,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $1,415,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $1,433,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $1,467,400,000,000.
(4) DEFICITS.—For purposes of the enforcement
of this resolution, the amounts of the deficits are as
follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $232,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $223,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $206,300,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $185,700,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $143,500,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $108,300,000,000.
(5) PUBLIC DEBT.—The appropriate levels of the
public debt are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $5,449,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $5,722,700,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 1999: $5,975,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $6,207,700,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $6,398,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $6,550,500,000,000.
(6) DIRECT
LOAN
OBLIGATIONS.—The appro-
priate levels of total new direct loan obligations are
as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $41,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $36,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $36,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $36,500,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $36,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $36,600,000,000.
(7) 
PRIMARY
LOAN
GUARANTEE
COMMIT-
MENTS.—The appropriate levels of new primary loan
guarantee commitments are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $267,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $267,800,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $268,600,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $269,700,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $270,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $271,300,000,000.
SEC. 102. DEBT INCREASE.
The amounts of the increase in the public debt subject
to limitation are as follows:
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 1997: $290,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $277,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $256,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $236,100,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $193,300,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $155,400,000,000.
SEC. 103. SOCIAL SECURITY.
(a) SOCIAL SECURITY REVENUES.—For purposes of
Senate enforcement under sections 302, 602, and 311 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the amounts of revenues
of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust
Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund are
as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $384,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $401,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $422,800,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $444,200,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $463,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $485,700,000,000.
(b) SOCIAL SECURITY OUTLAYS.—For purposes of
Senate enforcement under sections 302, 602, and 311 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the amounts of outlays
of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust
Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund are
as follows:
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 1997: $310,400,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $323,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $335,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $349,300,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $363,900,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $378,800,000,000.
SEC. 104. MAJOR FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES.
The Congress determines and declares that the appro-
priate levels of new budget authority, budget outlays, new
direct loan obligations, and new primary loan guarantee
commitments for fiscal years 1997 through 2002 for each
major functional category are:
(1) National Defense (050):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$265,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $263,700,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $800,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$267,100,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $262,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $200,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$269,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $265,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $192,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$271,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $268,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $187,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$274,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $267,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $185,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$276,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $267,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $183,000,000.
(2) International Affairs (150):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $14,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $14,900,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,333,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,110,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $12,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,342,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,262,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $11,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $12,600,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,358,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,311,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $12,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,346,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,311,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $12,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,500,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,395,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,409,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $12,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,500,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$4,387,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $18,409,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(3) General Science, Space, and Technology (250):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $16,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $16,800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $16,100,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $16,300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $15,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $15,900,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $15,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $15,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $15,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $15,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $15,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $15,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(4) Energy (270):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $3,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $3,100,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,033,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $2,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $2,200,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,039,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $2,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $1,800,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,045,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $2,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $1,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,036,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $2,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $1,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,000,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $2,400,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $1,200,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,031,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(5) Natural Resources and Environment (300):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $20,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $21,500,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$37,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $20,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $20,900,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$41,000,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $19,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $20,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$38,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $19,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $20,100,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$38,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $19,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $19,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$38,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $19,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $19,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$38,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(6) Agriculture (350):
Fiscal year 1997:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $12,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,000,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$7,794,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $5,870,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $12,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $10,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$9,346,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $6,637,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $12,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $10,300,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$10,743,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $6,586,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $11,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $9,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$10,736,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $6,652,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $10,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $8,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$10,595,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $6,641,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $10,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $8,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$10,570,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $6,709,000,000.
(7) Commerce and Housing Credit (370):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $8,100,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$2,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,856,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $197,340,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $9,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $5,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,787,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $196,750,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $10,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $6,100,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,763,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $196,253,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $12,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $7,500,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,759,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $195,883,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $11,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $7,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,745,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $195,375,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $11,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $7,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,740,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $194,875,000,000.
(8) Transportation (400):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $42,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $39,300,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $43,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $37,000,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $43,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $35,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $43,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $34,100,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $43,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $33,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $44,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $33,200,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$15,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(9) Community and Regional Development (450):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $9,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $10,800,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,222,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,133,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $6,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $9,500,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,242,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,133,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $6,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $8,600,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,265,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,171,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $6,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $7,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,288,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,171,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $6,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $7,200,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,317,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,202,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $6,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $6,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,343,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $2,202,000,000.
(10) Education, Training, Employment, and Social
Services (500):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $51,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $51,500,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$16,219,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $15,469,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $49,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $48,900,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$19,040,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $14,760,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $50,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $49,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$21,781,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $13,854,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $51,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $50,200,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$22,884,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $14,589,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $51,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $50,900,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$23,978,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $15,319,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $52,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $51,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$25,127,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $16,085,000,000.
(11) Health (550):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$131,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $132,400,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $187,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$137,400,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $137,800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $94,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$144,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $144,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$152,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $152,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$160,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $159,900,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$167,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $166,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(12) Medicare (570):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$193,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $191,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$205,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $204,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$216,700,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $214,400,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$227,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $225,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$239,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $237,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$253,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $251,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
(13) Income Security (600):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$232,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $240,300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$241,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $245,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$246,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $253,000,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$264,600,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $264,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$264,100,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $268,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$282,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $281,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(14) Social Security (650):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $7,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $10,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $8,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $9,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $11,900,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $10,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $12,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $10,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $11,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $14,300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(15) Veterans Benefits and Services (700):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $39,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $39,500,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$935,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $26,362,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $38,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $39,300,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$962,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $25,925,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $38,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $39,300,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$987,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $25,426,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $38,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $40,400,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,021,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $24,883,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $38,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $37,700,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,189,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $24,298,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $39,000,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $39,300,000,000.
(C) 
New 
direct 
loan 
obligations,
$1,194,000,000.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $23,668,000,000.
(16) Administration of Justice (750):
Fiscal year 1997:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) New budget authority, $21,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $20,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $22,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $21,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $23,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $22,400,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $23,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $23,000,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $19,900,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $19,800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $19,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $19,800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(17) General Government (800):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) New budget authority, $13,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, $13,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,600,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, $13,300,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, $13,300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, $13,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) New budget authority, $13,300,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) New budget authority, $13,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $13,300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(18) Net Interest (900):
Fiscal year 1997:
HCON 178 EAS
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$282,800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $282,800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$289,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $289,400,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$293,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $293,200,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$294,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $294,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$298,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $298,900,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
$303,400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $303,400,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(19) The corresponding levels of gross interest on the
public debt are as follows:
Fiscal year 1997: $348,234,000,000.
Fiscal year 1998: $351,240,000,000.
Fiscal year 1999: $348,465,000,000.
Fiscal year 2000: $349,951,000,000.
Fiscal year 2001: $351,311,000,000.
Fiscal year 2002: $352,756,000,000.
(20) Allowances (920):
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$1,600,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $800,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) New budget authority, ¥$200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, $100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) New budget authority, ¥$400,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$300,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) New budget authority, ¥$800,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$1,200,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$1,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$3,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$3,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
(21) Undistributed Offsetting Receipts (950):
Fiscal year 1997:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$43,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$43,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1998:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$35,700,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
(B) Outlays, ¥$35,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 1999:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$34,900,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$34,900,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2000:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$36,700,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$36,700,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
Fiscal year 2001:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$38,500,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$38,500,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
HCON 178 EAS
Fiscal year 2002:
(A) 
New 
budget 
authority,
¥$40,100,000,000.
(B) Outlays, ¥$40,100,000,000.
(C) New direct loan obligations, $0.
(D) New primary loan guarantee commit-
ments, $0.
SEC. 105. RECONCILIATION.
(a) FIRST RECONCILIATION
OF SPENDING REDUC-
TIONS.—
(1) SENATE COMMITTEES.—Not later than June
14, 1996, the committees named in this subsection
shall submit their recommendations to the Committee
on the Budget of the Senate. After receiving those rec-
ommendations, the Committee on the Budget shall re-
port to the Senate a reconciliation bill carrying out
all such recommendations without any substantive re-
vision.
(A) COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRI-
TION, AND
FORESTRY.—The Senate Committee
on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry shall re-
port changes in laws within its jurisdiction that
provide direct spending (as defined in section
250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to reduce out-
HCON 178 EAS
lays $1,994,000,000 in fiscal year 1997 and
$29,376,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
1997 through 2002.
(B) COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.—The Senate
Committee on Finance shall report changes in
laws within its jurisdiction that provide direct
spending (as defined in section 250(c)(8) of the
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
Act of 1985) to reduce outlays $95,402,000,000
for the period of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(b) FINAL RECONCILIATION
OF SPENDING REDUC-
TIONS.—
(1) SENATE COMMITTEES.—If legislation is en-
acted pursuant to subsection (a), then no later than
July 12, 1996, the committees named in this sub-
section shall submit their recommendations to the
Committee on the Budget of the Senate. After receiv-
ing those recommendations, the Committee on the
Budget shall report to the Senate a reconciliation bill
carrying out all such recommendations without any
substantive revision.
(A) COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRI-
TION, AND
FORESTRY.—The Senate Committee
on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry shall re-
port changes in laws within its jurisdiction that
HCON 178 EAS
provide direct spending (as defined in section
250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to reduce out-
lays $86,000,000,000 in fiscal year 1997 and
$251,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
1997 through 2002.
(B) COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES.—The
Senate Committee on Armed Services shall re-
port changes in laws within its jurisdiction that
provide direct spending (as defined in section
250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to reduce out-
lays $79,000,000,000 in fiscal year 1997 and
$649,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
1997 through 2002.
(C) COMMITTEE
ON
BANKING, HOUSING,
AND URBAN AFFAIRS.—The Senate Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs shall re-
port changes in laws within its jurisdiction that
provide direct spending (as defined in section
250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to reduce out-
lays $3,628,000,000 in fiscal year 1997 and
$3,605,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 1997
through 2002.
HCON 178 EAS
(D) COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE,
AND TRANSPORTATION.—The Senate Committee
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation shall
report changes in laws within its jurisdiction
that provide direct spending (as defined in sec-
tion 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to re-
duce outlays $0 in fiscal year 1997 and
$19,396,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
1997 through 2002.
(E) COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL
RESOURCES.—The Senate Committee on Energy
and Natural Resources shall report changes in
laws within its jurisdiction that provide direct
spending (as defined in section 250(c)(8) of the
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
Act of 1985) to reduce outlays $84,000,000 in
fiscal year 1997 and $1,433,000,000 for the pe-
riod of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(F) COMMITTEE
ON
ENVIRONMENT
AND
PUBLIC WORKS.—The Senate Committee on En-
vironment and Public Works shall report changes
in laws within its jurisdiction that provide di-
rect spending (as defined in section 250(c)(8) of
the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
HCON 178 EAS
Control 
Act 
of 
1985) 
to 
reduce 
outlays
$87,000,000 
in 
fiscal 
year 
1997 
and
$2,212,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 1997
through 2002.
(G) COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.—The Senate
Committee on Finance shall report changes in
laws within its jurisdiction that provide direct
spending (as defined in section 250(c)(8) of the
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
Act of 1985) to reduce outlays $6,716,000,000 in
fiscal year 1997 and $169,707,000,000 for the
period of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(H) COMMITTEE
ON
GOVERNMENTAL
AF-
FAIRS.—The Senate Committee on Governmental
Affairs shall report changes in laws within its
jurisdiction that reduce the deficit $955,000,000
in fiscal year 1997 and $8,789,000,000 for the
period of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(I) COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY.—The
Senate Committee on the Judiciary shall report
changes in laws within its jurisdiction that pro-
vide direct spending (as defined in section
250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to reduce out-
HCON 178 EAS
lays $0 in fiscal year 1997 and $476,000,000 for
the period of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(J) COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND HUMAN RE-
SOURCES.—The Senate Committee on Labor and
Human Resources shall report changes in laws
within its jurisdiction that provide direct spend-
ing (as defined in section 250(c)(8) of the Bal-
anced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
Act of 1985) to reduce outlays $725,000,000 in
fiscal year 1997 and $3,097,000,000 for the pe-
riod of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(K) COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS.—
The Senate Committee on Veterans’ Affairs shall
report changes in laws within its jurisdiction
that provide direct spending (as defined in sec-
tion 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985) to re-
duce outlays $175,000,000 in fiscal year 1997
and $5,198,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
1997 through 2002.
(c) RECONCILIATION OF REVENUE REDUCTIONS.—
(1) SENATE COMMITTEE.—If the legislation is
enacted pursuant to subsections (a) and (b), then no
later than September 18, 1996, the Committee on Fi-
nance shall report to the Senate a reconciliation bill
HCON 178 EAS
proposing changes in laws within its jurisdiction nec-
essary to reduce revenues by not more than
$15,359,000,000 
in 
fiscal 
year 
2002 
and
$116,104,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 1997
through 2002 and reduce outlays $1,692,000,000 in
fiscal year 1997 and $11,524,000,000 for the period
of fiscal years 1997 through 2002.
(d) TREATMENT
OF
RECONCILIATION
BILLS
FOR
PRIOR SURPLUS.—For purposes of section 202 of House
Concurrent Resolution 67 (104th Congress), legislation
which reduces revenues pursuant to a reconciliation in-
struction contained in subsection (c) shall be taken together
with all other legislation enacted pursuant to the reconcili-
ation instructions contained in this resolution when deter-
mining the deficit effect of such legislation.
TITLE II—BUDGETARY
RESTRAINTS AND RULEMAKING
SEC. 201. DISCRETIONARY SPENDING LIMITS.
(a) DEFINITION.—As used in this section and for the
purposes of allocations made pursuant to section 302(a) or
602(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, for the dis-
cretionary category, the term ‘‘discretionary spending
limit’’ means—
(1) with respect to fiscal year 1997—
HCON 178 EAS
(A) 
for 
the 
defense 
category
$266,362,000,000 in new budget authority and
$264,568,000,000 in outlays; and
(B) 
for 
the 
nondefense 
category
$227,845,000,000 in new budget authority and
$270,923,000,000 in outlays;
(2) with respect to fiscal year 1998—
(A) 
for 
the 
defense 
category
$267,831,000,000 in new budget authority and
$262,962,000,000 in outlays; and
(B) 
for 
the 
nondefense 
category
$221,322,000,000 in new budget authority and
$258,698,000,000 in outlays;
(3) with respect to fiscal year 1999, for the dis-
cretionary category $493,221,000,000 in new budget
authority and $525,742,000,000 in outlays;
(4) with respect to fiscal year 2000, for the dis-
cretionary category $500,037,000,000 in new budget
authority and $525,071,000,000 in outlays;
(5) with respect to fiscal year 2001, for the dis-
cretionary category $492,468,000,000 in new budget
authority and $517,708,000,000 in outlays; and
(6) with respect to fiscal year 2002, for the dis-
cretionary category $501,177,000,000 in new budget
authority and $515,979,000,000 in outlays;
HCON 178 EAS
as adjusted for changes in concepts and definitions and
emergency appropriations.
(b) POINT OF ORDER IN THE SENATE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), it shall not be in order in the Senate to
consider—
(A) a revision of this resolution or any con-
current resolution on the budget for fiscal year
1998 (or amendment, motion, or conference re-
port on such a resolution) that provides discre-
tionary spending in excess of the sum of the de-
fense and nondefense discretionary spending lim-
its for such fiscal year;
(B) any concurrent resolution on the budget
for fiscal year 1999, 2000, 2001, or 2002 (or
amendment, motion, or conference report on such
a resolution) that provides discretionary spend-
ing in excess of the discretionary spending limit
for such fiscal year; or
(C) any appropriations bill or resolution
(or amendment, motion, or conference report on
such appropriations bill or resolution) for fiscal
year 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, or 2002 that
would exceed any of the discretionary spending
limits in this section or suballocations of those
HCON 178 EAS
limits made pursuant to section 602(b) of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
(2) EXCEPTION.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—This section shall not
apply if a declaration of war by the Congress is
in effect or if a joint resolution pursuant to sec-
tion 258 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
Deficit Control Act of 1985 has been enacted.
(B) ENFORCEMENT OF DISCRETIONARY LIM-
ITS IN FY 1997.—Until the enactment of rec-
onciliation legislation pursuant to subsections
(a) and (b) of section 105 of this resolution and
for purposes of the application of paragraph (1),
only subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) shall
apply to fiscal year 1997.
(c) WAIVER.—This section may be waived or sus-
pended in the Senate only by the affirmative vote of three-
fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn.
(d) APPEALS.—Appeals in the Senate from the deci-
sions of the Chair relating to any provision of this section
shall be limited to 1 hour, to be equally divided between,
and controlled by, the appellant and the manager of the
concurrent resolution, bill, or joint resolution, as the case
may be. An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members
of the Senate, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required in
HCON 178 EAS
the Senate to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair
on a point of order raised under this section.
(e) DETERMINATION OF BUDGET LEVELS.—For pur-
poses of this section, the levels of new budget authority, out-
lays, new entitlement authority, and revenues for a fiscal
year shall be determined on the basis of estimates made by
the Committee on the Budget of the Senate.
SEC. 202. TAX RESERVE FUND IN THE SENATE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—In the Senate, revenue and spend-
ing aggregates may be reduced and allocations may be re-
vised for legislation that reduces revenues by providing fam-
ily tax relief, fuel tax relief, and incentives to stimulate sav-
ings, investment, job creation, and economic growth if such
legislation will not increase the deficit for—
(1) fiscal year 1997;
(2) the period of fiscal years 1997 through 2001;
or
(3) the period of fiscal years 2002 through 2006.
(b) REVISED ALLOCATIONS.—Upon the consideration
of legislation pursuant to subsection (a), the Chairman of
the Committee on the Budget of the Senate may file with
the Senate appropriately revised allocations under sections
302(a) and 602(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974
and revised functional levels and aggregates to carry out
this section. These revised allocations, functional levels, and
HCON 178 EAS
aggregates shall be considered for the purposes of the Con-
gressional Budget Act of 1974 as allocations, functional lev-
els, and aggregates contained in this resolution.
(c) REPORTING REVISED ALLOCATIONS.—The appro-
priate committee shall report appropriately revised alloca-
tions pursuant to sections 302(b) and 602(b) of the Congres-
sional Budget Act of 1974 to carry out this section.
SEC. 203. SUPERFUND RESERVE FUND IN THE SENATE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—After the enactment of legislation
that reforms the Superfund program and extends
Superfund taxes, in the Senate, budget authority and out-
lays allocated to the Committee on Appropriations under
sections 302(a) and 602(a) of the Congressional Budget Act
of 1974, the appropriate functional levels, the appropriate
budget aggregates, and the discretionary spending limits in
section 201 of this resolution may be revised to provide ad-
ditional budget authority and the outlays flowing from that
budget authority for the Superfund program, pursuant to
this section.
(b) DEFICIT NEUTRAL ADJUSTMENTS.—
(1) ALLOCATIONS.—
(A) COMMITTEE ALLOCATIONS.—In the Sen-
ate, upon reporting of an appropriations meas-
ure, or when a conference committee submits a
conference report thereon, that appropriates
HCON 178 EAS
funds for the Superfund program in excess of
$1,302,000,000, the chairman of the Committee
on the Budget of the Senate may submit revised
allocations, functional levels, budget aggregates,
and discretionary spending limits to carry out
this section that adds to such allocations, levels,
aggregates, and limits an amount that is equal
to such excess. These revised allocations, levels,
aggregates, and limits shall be considered for the
purposes of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974
as the allocations, levels, aggregates, and limits
contained in this resolution.
(B) 
COMMITTEE
SUBALLOCATIONS.—The
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate may
report appropriately revised suballocations pur-
suant to sections 302(b)(1) and 602(b)(1) of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 following the
revision of the allocations pursuant to subpara-
graph (A).
(2) LIMITATIONS.—The adjustments under this
subsection shall not exceed—
(A) the net revenue increase for a fiscal
year resulting from the enactment of legislation
that extends Superfund taxes; and
HCON 178 EAS
(B) $898,000,000 in budget authority for a
fiscal year and the outlays flowing from such
budget authority in all fiscal years.
SEC. 204. SCORING OF EMERGENCY LEGISLATION.
Notwithstanding section 606(d)(2) of the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974, the determinations under sections 302,
303, 311, and 602 of such Act shall take into account any
new budget authority, new entitlement authority, outlays,
receipts, or deficit effects as a consequence of the provisions
of sections 251(b)(2)(D) and 252(e) of the Balanced Budget
and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.
SEC. 205. EXERCISE OF RULEMAKING POWERS.
The Congress adopts the provisions of this title—
(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the
Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively,
and as such they shall be considered as part of the
rules of each House, or of that House to which they
specifically apply, and such rules shall supersede
other rules only to the extent that they are inconsist-
ent therewith; and
(2) with full recognition of the constitutional
right of either House to change those rules (so far as
they relate to that House) at any time, in the same
manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any
other rule of that House.
HCON 178 EAS
TITLE III—SENSE OF THE CON-
GRESS, 
HOUSE 
OF 
REP-
RESENTATIVES, AND SENATE
SEC. 301. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS ON SALE OF GOVERN-
MENT ASSETS.
(a) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that—
(1) the prohibition on scoring asset sales has dis-
couraged the sale of assets that can be better managed
by the private sector and generate receipts to reduce
the Federal budget deficit;
(2) the President’s fiscal year 1997 budget in-
cluded $3,900,000,000 in receipts from asset sales and
proposed a change in the asset sale scoring rule to
allow the proceeds from these sales to be scored;
(3) assets should not be sold if such sale would
increase the budget deficit over the long run; and
(4) the asset sale scoring prohibition should be
repealed and consideration should be given to replac-
ing it with a methodology that takes into account the
long-term budgetary impact of asset sales.
(b) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section, the
term ‘‘sale of an asset’’ shall have the same meaning as
under section 250(c)(21) of the Balanced Budget and Emer-
gency Deficit Control Act of 1985.
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 302. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS THAT TAX REDUC-
TIONS SHOULD BENEFIT WORKING FAMILIES.
It is the sense of the Congress that this concurrent reso-
lution on the budget assumes any reductions in taxes should
be structured to benefit working families by providing fam-
ily tax relief and incentives to stimulate savings, invest-
ment, job creation, and economic growth.
SEC. 303. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS ON A BIPARTISAN COM-
MISSION ON THE SOLVENCY OF MEDICARE.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) the Trustees of medicare have concluded that
‘‘the medicare program is clearly unsustainable in its
present form’’;
(2) the Trustees of medicare concluded in 1995
that ‘‘the Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, which pays
inpatient hospital expenses, will be able to pay bene-
fits for only about 7 years and is severely out of fi-
nancial balance in the long range’’;
(3) preliminary data made available to the Con-
gress indicate that the Hospital Trust Fund will go
bankrupt in the year 2001, rather than the year 2002,
as predicted last year;
(4) the Public Trustees of medicare have con-
cluded that ‘‘the Supplementary Medical Insurance
Trust Fund shows a rate of growth of costs which is
clearly unsustainable’’;
HCON 178 EAS
(5) the Bipartisan Commission on Entitlement
and Tax Reform concluded that, absent long-term
changes in medicare, projected medicare outlays will
increase from about 4 percent of the payroll tax base
today to over 15 percent of the payroll tax base by
the year 2030;
(6) the Bipartisan Commission on Entitlement
and Tax Reform recommended, by a vote of 30 to 1,
that spending and revenues available for medicare
must be brought into long-term balance; and
(7) in the most recent Trustees’ report, the Pub-
lic Trustees of medicare ‘‘strongly recommend that the
crisis presented by the financial condition of the med-
icare trust funds be urgently addressed on a com-
prehensive basis, including a review of the program’s
financing methods, benefit provisions, and delivery
mechanisms.’’.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that in order to meet the aggregates and levels in
this budget resolution—
(1) a special bipartisan commission should be es-
tablished immediately to make recommendations con-
cerning the most appropriate response to the short-
term solvency and long-term sustainability issues fac-
ing the medicare program; and
HCON 178 EAS
(2) the commission should report to Congress its
recommendations prior to the adoption of a concur-
rent budget resolution for fiscal year 1998 in order
that the committees of jurisdiction may consider these
recommendations in fashioning an appropriate con-
gressional response.
SEC. 304. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON CONSIDERING A
CHANGE IN THE MINIMUM WAGE IN THE SEN-
ATE.
It is the sense of the Senate that—
(1) proposals to increase the minimum wage
have important economic and budgetary consequences,
as there are about 3,600,000 workers at or below the
minimum wage under current law, according to the
Congressional Budget Office (‘‘CBO’’);
(2) S. 413, a bill to increase the minimum wage,
would increase costs for State and local governments
by $1,030,000,000 over the period 1996 to 2000, ac-
cording to the CBO, and would, therefore, violate sec-
tion 425(a)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of
1974 regarding unfunded intergovernmental man-
dates;
(3) S. 413 would increase costs for the private
sector by $12,300,000,000 over the period 1996 to
HCON 178 EAS
2000 and would reduce jobs by between 100,000 and
500,000, according to the CBO;
(4) increasing the minimum wage would have
significant interactions with other Federal spending
and tax programs, including welfare programs and
the earned income credit;
(5) States have the authority to increase the
minimum wage in their States, and, as of February
1996, 10 States, plus Puerto Rico and Washington,
D.C., had minimum wages above the Federal mini-
mum wage;
(6) although raising the minimum wage will in-
crease incomes for some workers, it is a poorly tar-
geted approach to helping poor and low-income fami-
lies because—
(A) 
it 
will 
eliminate 
jobs 
for 
some
minimum- and low-wage workers;
(B) 85 percent of workers in poor families
are paid more than the minimum wage, and
nearly 60 percent are paid more than $5.25 per
hour, according to the CBO;
(C) most minimum wage workers are not
poor, with some 70 percent in households with
incomes above 150 percent of the poverty line,
according to the CBO; and
HCON 178 EAS
(D) most minimum wage workers do not
stay at the minimum wage very long, with two-
thirds getting a pay raise within the first year,
according to the CBO;
(7) the best approach to increasing wages and
incomes for working families is to promote policies
that enhance economic growth and job creation, such
as increasing net national savings and investment by
balancing the Federal budget and promoting private
savings and investment through fundamental tax re-
form;
(8) legislation to change the minimum wage
should be considered in the Senate in an orderly
manner as part of the regular consideration of mat-
ters related to the budget and the economy and not as
an unscheduled amendment to unrelated legislation;
(9) there are important issues which should be
considered in the same legislation and in conjunction
with proposals to raise the minimum wage, such as
allowing for improvements in the workplace by ena-
bling cooperative efforts between labor and manage-
ment as provided for in S. 295, the Team Work for
Employees and Management Act of 1995, and main-
taining a training wage to minimize job loss for new
entrants into the job market; and
HCON 178 EAS
(10) the Senate should schedule consideration of
legislation that addresses in the same bill, as a single
proposal, the minimum wage and the provisions of S.
295 no later than the month of June 1996.
SEC. 305. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON LONG-TERM PROJEC-
TIONS IN BUDGET ESTIMATES.
It is the sense of the Senate that—
(1) the report accompanying a concurrent resolu-
tion on the budget should include an analysis, pre-
pared after consultation with the Director of the Con-
gressional Budget Office, of the concurrent resolution’s
impact on revenues and outlays for entitlements for
the period of 30 fiscal years; and
(2) the President should include in his budget
each year, an analysis of the budget’s impact on reve-
nues and outlays for entitlements for the period of 30
fiscal years, and that the President should also in-
clude generational accounting information each year
in the President’s budget.
SEC. 306. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS ON MEDICARE TRANS-
FERS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds that—
(1) home health care provides a broad spectrum
of health and social services to approximately
HCON 178 EAS
3,500,000 medicare beneficiaries in the comfort of
their homes;
(2) the President has proposed reimbursing the
first 100 home health care visits after a hospital stay
through medicare part A and reimbursing all other
visits through medicare part B, shifting responsibility
for $55,000,000,000 of spending from the Hospital In-
surance Trust Fund to the general revenues that pay
for medicare part B;
(3) such a transfer does nothing to control medi-
care spending, and is merely a bookkeeping change
which artificially extends the solvency of the Hospital
Insurance Trust Fund;
(4) this transfer of funds camouflages the need to
make changes in the medicare program to ensure the
long-term solvency of the Hospital Insurance Trust
Fund, which the Congressional Budget Office now
states will become bankrupt in the year 2001, a year
earlier than projected in the 1995 report by the Trust-
ees of the Social Security and Medicare Trust Funds;
(5) Congress will be breaking a commitment to
the American people if it does not act to ensure the
solvency of the entire medicare program in both the
short- and long-term;
HCON 178 EAS
(6) the President’s proposal would force those in
need of chronic care services to rely upon the avail-
ability of general revenues to provide financing for
these services, making them more vulnerable to bene-
fits changes than under current law; and
(7) according to the National Association of
Home Care, shifting medicare home care payments
from part A to part B would deemphasize the impor-
tance of home care by eliminating its status as part
of the Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, thereby under-
mining access to the less costly form of care.
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress
that in meeting the spending targets specified in the budget
resolution, Congress should not accept the President’s pro-
posal to transfer spending from one part of medicare to an-
other in its efforts to preserve, protect, and improve the
medicare program.
SEC. 307. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON REPEAL OF THE GAS
TAX.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) 
the 
President 
originally 
proposed 
a
$72,000,000,000 energy excise tax (the so-called BTU
tax) as part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation
Act of 1993 (OBRA 93) which included a new tax on
transportation fuels;
HCON 178 EAS
(2) in response to opposition in the Senate to the
BTU tax, the President and the Congress adopted in-
stead a new 4.3 cents per gallon transportation fuels
tax as part of OBRA 93, which represented a 30 per-
cent increase in the existing motor fuels tax;
(3) the OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax has
cost 
American 
motorists 
an 
estimated
$14,000,000,000 to $15,000,000,000 since it went into
effect on October 1, 1993;
(4) the OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax is re-
gressive, creating a larger financial impact on lower
and middle income motorists than on upper income
motorists;
(5) the OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax im-
poses a disproportionate burden on rural citizens who
do not have access to public transportation services,
and who must rely on their automobiles and drive
long distances, to work, to shop, and to receive medi-
cal care;
(6) the average American faces a substantial tax
burden, and the increase of this tax burden through
the OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax represented
and continues to represent an inappropriate and un-
warranted means of reducing the Nation’s budget def-
icit;
HCON 178 EAS
(7) retail gasoline prices in the United States
have increased an average of 19 cents per gallon since
the beginning of the year to the highest level since the
Persian Gulf War, and the OBRA 93 transportation
fuels tax exacerbates the impact of this price increase
on consumers;
(8) continuation of the OBRA 93 transportation
fuels tax will exacerbate the impact on consumers of
any future gasoline price spikes that result from mar-
ket conditions; and
(9) the fiscal year 1997 budget resolution will as-
sume a net tax cut totaling $122,000,000,000 over six
years, which exceeds the revenue impact of a repeal
of the OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax, and will es-
tablish a reserve fund which may be used to provide
other forms of tax relief, including relief from the
OBRA 93 transportation fuels tax, on a deficit neu-
tral basis.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the revenue levels and procedures in this resolution
provide that—
(1) the Congress and the President should imme-
diately approve legislation to repeal the 4.3 cents per
gallon transportation fuels tax contained in the Om-
HCON 178 EAS
President could not agree on a plan to extend the sol-
vency of the medicare program;
(4) in 1996, the Congress and the public require
timely information on the full and exact nature of
medicare’s financial condition in order to understand
what actions must be taken to extend the solvency of
the of the Medicare HI Trust Fund; and
(5) despite the April 1 deadline, the 1996 Medi-
care Trustees Report has not yet been issued, and
each day of delay further jeopardizes Congress’ ability
to respond appropriately to forestall the program’s
bankruptcy.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the levels in this budget resolution assume that—
(1) the Medicare Trustees should discharge their
fiduciary and statutory responsibilities and issue
their 1996 report as soon as possible; and
(2) in light of the Trustees’ delay thus far, the
Chief Actuary of the Medicare Trust Fund should
share with Congress immediately any preliminary in-
formation on the current financial status of the Trust
Fund.
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 309. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING CHANGES
IN THE MEDICARE PROGRAM.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that, in achieving the
spending levels specified in this resolution—
(1) the public trustees of medicare have con-
cluded that ‘‘the medicare program is clearly
unsustainable in its present form’’;
(2) the President has said his goal is to keep the
medicare hospital insurance trust fund solvent for
more than a decade, but his budget transfers
$55,000,000,000 of home health spending from medi-
care part A to medicare part B;
(3) the transfer of home health spending threat-
ens the delivery of home health services to 3.5 million
medicare beneficiaries;
(4) such a transfer increases the burden on gen-
eral revenues, including income taxes paid by work-
ing Americans, by $55,000,000,000;
(5) such a transfer artificially inflates the sol-
vency of the medicare hospital insurance trust fund,
misleading the Congress, medicare beneficiaries, and
working taxpayers;
(6) the Director of the Congressional Budget Of-
fice has certified that, without such a transfer, the
President’s budget extends the solvency of the hospital
HCON 178 EAS
insurance trust fund for only one additional year;
and
(7) without misleading transfers, the President’s
budget therefore fails to achieve his own stated goal
for the medicare hospital insurance trust fund.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that, in achieving the spending levels specified in
this resolution, the Congress assumes that the Congress
would—
(1) keep the medicare hospital insurance trust
fund solvent for more than a decade, as recommended
by the President; and
(2) accept the President’s proposed level of medi-
care part B savings of $44,100,000,000 over the pe-
riod 1997 through 2002; but would
(3) reject the President’s proposal to transfer
home health spending from one part of medicare to
another, which threatens the delivery of home health
care services to 3.5 million medicare beneficiaries, ar-
tificially inflates the solvency of the medicare hospital
insurance trust fund, and increases the burden on
general revenues, including income taxes paid by
working Americans, by $55,000,000,000.
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 310. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON FUNDING TO ASSIST
YOUTH AT RISK.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) there is an increasing prevalence of violence
and drug use among this country’s youth;
(2) recognizing the magnitude of this problem
the Federal Government must continue to maximize
efforts in addressing the increasing prevalence of vio-
lence and drug use among this country’s youth, with
necessary adherence to budget guidelines;
(3) the Federal Bureau of Investigation reports
that between 1985 and 1994, juvenile arrests for vio-
lent crime increased by 75 percent nationwide;
(4) the United States Attorney General reports
that 20 years ago, fewer than half our cities reported
gang activity and now, a generation later, reasonable
estimates indicate that there are more than 500,000
gang members in more than 16,000 gangs on the
streets of our cities resulting in more than 580,000
gang-related crimes in 1993;
(5) the Justice Department’s Office of Juvenile
Justice and Delinquency Prevention reports that in
1994, law enforcement agencies made over 2,700,000
arrests of persons under age 18, with juveniles ac-
counting for 19 percent of all violent crime arrests
across the country;
HCON 178 EAS
(6) the Congressional Task Force on National
Drug Policy recently set forth a series of recommenda-
tions for strengthening the criminal justice and law
enforcement effort, including domestic prevention ef-
forts reinforcing the idea that prevention begins at
home;
(7) the Office of National Drug Control Policy
reports that between 1991 and 1995, marijuana use
among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders has increased and
is continuing to spiral upward; and
(8) the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention
reports that in 1993, substance abuse played a role in
over 70 percent of rapes, over 60 percent of incidents
of child abuse, and almost 60 percent of murders na-
tionwide.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the functional totals underlying this concurrent res-
olution on the budget assume that—
(1) sufficient funding should be provided to pro-
grams which assist youth at risk to reduce illegal
drug use and the incidence of youth crime and vio-
lence;
(2) priority should be given to determine ‘‘what
works’’ through scientifically recognized, independent
HCON 178 EAS
evaluations of existing programs to maximize the
Federal investment; and
(3) efforts should be made to ensure coordination
and eliminate duplication among federally supported
at-risk youth programs.
SEC. 311. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE USE OF
BUDGETARY SAVINGS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) in August of 1994, the Bipartisan Commis-
sion on Entitlement and Tax Reform issued an In-
terim Report to the President, which found that, ‘‘To
ensure that today’s debt and spending commitments
do not unfairly burden America’s children, the Gov-
ernment must act now. A bipartisan coalition of Con-
gress, led by the President, must resolve the long-term
imbalance between the Government’s entitlement
promises and the funds it will have available to pay
for them’’;
(2) unless the Congress and the President act to-
gether in a bipartisan way, overall Federal spending
is projected by the Commission to rise from the cur-
rent level of slightly over 22 percent of the Gross Do-
mestic Product of the United States (hereafter in this
section referred as ‘‘GDP’’) to over 37 percent of GDP
by the year 2030;
HCON 178 EAS
(3) the source of that growth is not domestic dis-
cretionary spending, which is approximately the same
portion of GDP now as it was in 1969, the last time
at which the Federal budget was in balance;
(4) mandatory spending was only 29.6 percent
of the Federal budget in 1963, but is estimated to ac-
count for 72 percent of the Federal budget in the year
2003;
(5) social security, medicare and medicaid, to-
gether with interest on the national debt, are the larg-
est sources of the growth of mandatory spending;
(6) ensuring the long-term future of the social se-
curity system is essential to protecting the retirement
security of the American people;
(7) the Social Security Trust Fund is projected
to begin spending more than it takes in by approxi-
mately the year 2013, with Federal budget deficits
rising rapidly thereafter unless appropriate policy
changes are made;
(8) ensuring the future of medicare and medic-
aid is essential to protecting access to high-quality
health care for senior citizens and poor women and
children;
(9) Federal health care expenses have been rising
at double digit rates, and are projected to triple to 11
HCON 178 EAS
percent of GDP by the year 2030 unless appropriate
policy changes are made; and
(10) due to demographic factors, Federal health
care expenses are projected to double by the year
2030, even if health care cost inflation is restrained
after 1999, so that costs for each person of a given age
grow no faster than the economy.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that budget savings in the mandatory spending area
should be used—
(1) to protect and enhance the retirement secu-
rity of the American people by ensuring the long-term
future of the social security system;
(2) to protect and enhance the health care secu-
rity of senior citizens and poor Americans by ensur-
ing the long-term future of medicare and medicaid;
and
(3) to restore and maintain Federal budget dis-
cipline, to ensure that the level of private investment
necessary for long-term economic growth and prosper-
ity is available.
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 312. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE TRANS-
FER OF EXCESS GOVERNMENT COMPUTERS
TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
(a) ASSUMPTIONS.—The figures contained in this reso-
lution are based on the following assumptions:
(1) America’s children must obtain the necessary
skills and tools needed to succeed in the techno-
logically advanced 21st century;
(2) Executive Order 12999 outlines the need to
make modern computer technology an integral part of
every classroom, provide teachers with the professional
development they need to use new technologies effec-
tively, connect classrooms to the National Information
Infrastructure, and encourage the creation of excellent
education software;
(3) many private corporations have donated edu-
cational software to schools, which are lacking the
necessary computer hardware to utilize this equip-
ment;
(4) current inventories of excess Federal Govern-
ment computers are being conducted in each Federal
agency; and
(5) there is no current communication being
made between Federal agencies with this excess equip-
ment and the schools in need of these computers.
HCON 178 EAS
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the functional totals and reconciliation instructions
in this budget resolution assume that the General Services
Administration should place a high priority on facilitating
direct transfer of excess Federal Government computers to
public schools and community-based educational organiza-
tions.
SEC. 313. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON FEDERAL RETREATS.
It is the sense of the Senate that the assumptions un-
derlying the functional totals in this resolution assume that
all Federal agencies will refrain from using Federal funds
for expenses incurred during training sessions or retreats
off of Federal property, unless Federal property is not
available.
SEC. 314. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE ESSEN-
TIAL AIR SERVICE PROGRAM OF THE DEPART-
MENT OF TRANSPORTATION.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) the essential air service program of the De-
partment of Transportation under subchapter II of
chapter 417 of title 49, United States Code—
(A) provides essential airline access to iso-
lated rural communities across the United
States;
HCON 178 EAS
(B) is necessary for the economic growth
and development of rural communities;
(C) connects small rural communities to the
national air transportation system of the United
States;
(D) is a critical component of the national
transportation system of the United States; and
(E) provides air service to 108 communities
in 30 States; and
(2) the National Commission to Ensure a Strong
Competitive Airline Industry established under sec-
tion 204 of the Airport and Airway Safety, Capacity,
Noise Improvement, and Intermodal Transportation
Act of 1992 recommended maintaining the essential
air service program with a sufficient level of funding
to continue to provide air service to small commu-
nities.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the essential air service program of the Department
of Transportation under subchapter II of chapter 417 of
title 49, United States Code, should receive a sufficient level
of funding to continue to provide air service to small rural
communities that qualify for assistance under the program.
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 315. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING EQUAL RE-
TIREMENT SAVINGS FOR HOMEMAKERS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that the assumptions
of this budget resolution take into account that—
(1) by teaching and feeding our children and
caring for our elderly, American homemakers are an
important, vital part of our society;
(2) homemakers retirement needs are the same as
all Americans, and thus they need every opportunity
to save and invest for retirement;
(3) because they are living on a single income,
homemakers and their spouses often have less income
for savings;
(4) individual retirement accounts are provided
by the Congress in the Internal Revenue Code to as-
sist Americans for retirement savings;
(5) currently, individual retirement accounts
permit workers other than homemakers to make de-
ductible contributions of $2,000 a year, but limit
homemakers to deductible contributions of $250 a
year;
(6) limiting homemakers individual retirement
account contributions to an amount less than the con-
tributions of other workers discriminates against
homemakers.
HCON 178 EAS
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the revenue level assumed in this budget resolution
provides for legislation to make individual retirement ac-
count deductible contribution limits for homemakers equal
to the individual retirement account deductible contribution
limits for all other American workers, and that the Congress
and the President should immediately approve such legisla-
tion in the appropriate reconciliation vehicle.
SEC. 316. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE NA-
TIONAL INSTITUTE OF DRUG ABUSE.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:
(1) The National Institute on Drug Abuse (here-
after referred to in this section as ‘‘NIDA’’) a part of
the National Institutes of Health (hereafter referred to
in this section as ‘‘NIH’’) supports over 85 percent of
the world’s drug abuse research that has totally revo-
lutionized our understanding of addiction.
(2) One of NIDA’s most significant areas of re-
search 
has 
been 
the 
identification 
of 
the
neurobiological bases of all aspects of addiction, in-
cluding craving.
(3) In 1993, NIDA announced that approval had
been granted by the Food and Drug Administration
of a new medication for the treatment of heroin and
other opiate addiction which breaks the addict of
HCON 178 EAS
daily drug-seeking behavior and allows for greater
compliance because the patient does not need to report
to a clinic each day to have the medication adminis-
tered.
(4) Among NIDA’s most remarkable accomplish-
ments of the past year is the successful immunization
of animals against the psycho-stimulant effects of co-
caine.
(5) NIDA has also recently announced that it is
making substantial progress that is critical in direct-
ing their efforts to identify potential anti-cocaine
medications. For example, NIDA researchers have re-
cently shown that activation in the brain of one type
of dopamine receptor suppresses drug-seeking behavior
and relapse, whereas activation of another, triggers
drug-seeking behavior.
(6) NIDA’s efforts to speed up research to stem
the tide of drug addition is in the best interest of all
Americans.
(7) State and local governments spend billions of
dollars to incarcerate persons who commit drug relat-
ed offenses.
(8) A 1992 National Report by the Bureau of
Justice Statistics revealed that more than 3 out of 4
jail inmates reported drug use in their lifetime, more
HCON 178 EAS
than 40 percent had used drugs in the month before
their offense with 27 percent under the influence of
drugs at the time of their offense. A significant num-
ber said they were trying to get money for drugs when
they committed their crime.
(9) More than 60 percent of juveniles and young
adults in State-operated juvenile institutions reported
using drugs once a week or more for at least a month
some time in the past, and almost 40 percent reported
being under the influence of drugs at the time of their
offense.
(10) This concurrent resolution proposes that
budget authority for the NIH (including NIDA) be
held constant at the fiscal year 1996 level of
$11,950,000,000 through fiscal year 2002.
(11) At such appropriation level, it would be im-
possible for NIH and NIDA to maintain research mo-
mentum through research project grants.
(12) Level funding for NIH in fiscal year 1997
would reduce the number of competing research
project grants by nearly 500, from 6,620 in fiscal
year 1996 to approximately 6,120 competing research
project grants, reducing NIH’s ability to maintain re-
search momentum and to explore new ideas in re-
search.
HCON 178 EAS
(13) NIH is the world’s preeminent research in-
stitution dedicated to the support of science inspired
by and focused on the challenges of human illness and
health.
(14) NIH programs are instrumental in improv-
ing the quality of life for Americans through improv-
ing health and reducing monetary and personal costs
of illnesses.
(15) The discovery of an anti-addiction drug to
block the craving of illicit addictive substances will
benefit all of American society.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that amounts appropriated for the National Insti-
tutes of Health—
(1) for fiscal year 1997 should be increased by
a minimum of $33,000,000;
(2) for fiscal year 1998 should be increased by
a minimum of $67,000,000;
(3) for fiscal year 1999 should be increased by
a minimum of $100,000,000;
(4) for fiscal year 2000 should be increased by
a minimum of $100,000,000;
(5) for fiscal year 2001 should be increased by
a minimum of $100,000,000; and
HCON 178 EAS
(6) for fiscal year 2002 should be increased by
a minimum of $100,000,000;
above its fiscal year 1996 appropriation for additional re-
search into an anti-addiction drug to block the craving of
illicit addictive substances.
SEC. 317. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE EXTEN-
SION OF THE EMPLOYER EDUCATION ASSIST-
ANCE EXCLUSION UNDER SECTION 127 OF
THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) since 1978, over 7,000,000 American workers
have benefited from the employer education assistance
exclusion under section 127 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 by being able to improve their education
and acquire new skills without having to pay taxes
on the benefit;
(2) American companies have benefited by im-
proving the education and skills of their employees
who in turn can contribute more to their company;
(3) the American economy becomes more globally
competitive because an educated workforce is able to
produce more and to adapt more rapidly to changing
technologies;
(4) American companies are experiencing un-
precedented global competition and the value and ne-
HCON 178 EAS
Austin, Seattle, Denver, Atlanta, Philadelphia, and
Chicago.
(5) Because of a 37-percent reduction in ap-
proved funding for salaries and expenses from fiscal
year 1995, the Economic Development Administra-
tion has initiated staff reductions requiring the elimi-
nation of 8 field-based positions. The field-based eco-
nomic development representative positions that are
either being eliminated or not replaced after vol-
untary retirement and which currently interact with
nonurban communities on economic development ef-
forts cover the States of New Mexico, Arizona, Ne-
vada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Illinois, Indiana,
Maine, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and North Caro-
lina.
(6) These staff cutbacks will adversely affect
States with very low per-capita personal income, in-
cluding New Mexico which ranks 47th in the Nation
in per-capita personal income, Oklahoma ranking
46th, North Dakota ranking 42nd, Arizona ranking
35th, Maine ranking 34th, and North Carolina rank-
ing 33rd.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the functional totals and reconciliations instruc-
tions underlying this budget resolution assume that—
HCON 178 EAS
(1) it is regrettable that the Economic Develop-
ment Administration has elected to reduce field-based
economic development representatives who are fulfill-
ing the Economic Development Administration’s mis-
sion of interacting with and counseling nonurban
communities in economically disadvantaged regions
of the United States;
(2) the Economic Development Administration
should take all necessary and appropriate actions to
ensure that field-based economic development rep-
resentation receives high priority; and
(3) the Economic Development Administration
should reconsider the planned termination of field-
based economic development representatives respon-
sible for States that are economically disadvantaged,
and that this reconsideration take place without
delay.
SEC. 319. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING REVENUE AS-
SUMPTIONS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:
(1) Corporations and individuals have clear re-
sponsibility to adhere to environmental laws. When
they do not, and environmental damage results, the
Federal and State governments may impose fines and
HCON 178 EAS
penalties, and assess polluters for the cost of remedi-
ation.
(2) Assessment of these costs is important in the
enforcement process. They appropriately penalize
wrongdoing. They discourage future environmental
damage. They ensure that taxpayers do not bear the
financial brunt of cleaning up after damages done by
polluters.
(3) In the case of the Exxon Valdez oil spill dis-
aster in Prince William Sound, Alaska, for example,
the corporate settlement with the Federal Government
totaled $900,000,000.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that assumptions in this resolution assume an appro-
priate amount of revenues per year through legislation that
will not allow deductions for fines and penalties arising
from a failure to comply with Federal or State environ-
mental or health protection laws.
SEC. 320. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING DOMESTIC VI-
OLENCE.
The assumptions underlying functional totals and rec-
onciliation instructions in this budget resolution include:
(1) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that:
(A) Violence against women is the leading
cause of physical injury to women. The Depart-
HCON 178 EAS
ment of Justice estimates that over 1 million vio-
lent crimes against women are committed by do-
mestic partners annually.
(B) Domestic violence dramatically affects
the victim’s ability to participate in the
workforce. A University of Minnesota survey re-
ported that one-quarter of battered women sur-
veyed had lost a job partly because of being
abused and that over half of these women had
been harassed by their abuser at work.
(C) Domestic violence is often intensified as
women seek to gain economic independence
through attending school or job training pro-
grams. Batterers have been reported to prevent
women from attending such programs or sabo-
tage their efforts at self-improvement.
(D) Nationwide surveys of service providers
prepared by the Taylor Institute of Chicago,
Document, for the first time, the interrelation-
ship between domestic violence and welfare by
showing that between 50 percent and 80 percent
of women in welfare to work programs are cur-
rent or past victims of domestic violence.
(E) The American Psychological Association
has reported that violence against women is usu-
HCON 178 EAS
ally witnessed by their children, who as a result
can suffer severe psychological, cognitive and
physical damage and some studies have found
that children who witness violence in their homes
have a greater propensity to commit violent acts
in their homes and communities when they be-
come adults.
(F) Over half of the women surveyed by the
Taylor Institute stayed with their batterers be-
cause they lacked the resources to support them-
selves and their children. The surveys also found
that the availability of economic support is a
critical factor in women’s ability to leave abu-
sive situations that threaten themselves and their
children.
(G) Proposals to restructure the welfare pro-
grams may impact the availability of the eco-
nomic support and the safety net necessary to
enable poor women to flee abuse without risking
homelessness and starvation for their families.
(2) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of
the Senate that:
(A) No welfare reform provision should be
enacted by Congress unless and until Congress
considers whether such welfare reform provisions
HCON 178 EAS
would exacerbate violence against women and
their children, further endanger women’s lives,
make it more difficult for women to escape do-
mestic violence, or further punish women victim-
ized by violence.
(B) Any welfare reform measure enacted by
Congress should require that any welfare to
work, education, or job placement programs im-
plemented by the States address the impact of
domestic violence on welfare recipients.
SEC. 321. SENSE OF SENATE REGARDING STUDENT LOANS
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) over the last 60 years, education and ad-
vancements in knowledge have accounted for 37 per-
cent of our nation’s economic growth;
(2) a college degree significantly increases job
stability, resulting in an unemployment rate among
college graduates less than half that of those with high
school diplomas;
(3) a person with a bachelor’s degree will aver-
age 50–55 percent more in lifetime earnings than a
person with a high school diploma;
(4) education is a key to providing alternatives
to crime and violence, and is a cost-effective strategy
HCON 178 EAS
for breaking cycles of poverty and moving welfare re-
cipients to work;
(5) a highly educated populace is necessary to
the effective functioning of democracy and to a grow-
ing economy, and the opportunity to gain a college
education helps advance the American ideals of
progress and social equality;
(6) a highly educated and flexible work force is
an essential component of economic growth and com-
petitiveness;
(7) for many families, Federal Student Aid Pro-
grams make the difference in the ability of students
to attend college;
(8) in 1994, nearly 6 million postsecondary stu-
dents received some kind of financial assistance to
help them pay for the costs of schooling;
(9) since 1988, college costs have risen by 54 per-
cent, and student borrowing has increased by 219 per-
cent; and
(10) in fiscal year 1996, the Balanced Budget
Act achieved savings without reducing student loan
limits or increasing fees to students or parents.
(b) SENSE OF SENATE.—It is the sense of the Senate
that the aggregates and functional levels included in this
budget resolution assume that savings in student loans can
HCON 178 EAS
be achieved without any program change that would in-
crease costs to students and parents or decrease accessibility
to student loans.
SEC. 322. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING REDUCTION
OF THE NATIONAL DEBT.
(a) The Senate finds that—
(1) S. Con. Res. 57 projects a public debt in fis-
cal year 1997 of $5,400,000,000,000;
(2) S. Con. Res. 57 projects that the public debt
will be $6,500,000,000,000 in the fiscal year 2002
when the budget resolution projects a unified budget
surplus; and
(3) this accumulated debt represents a signifi-
cant financial burden that will require excessive tax-
ation and lost economic opportunity for future gen-
erations of the United States.
(b) It is the sense of the Senate that any comprehensive
legislation sent to the President that balances the budget
by a certain date and that is agreed to by the Congress
and the President shall also contain a strategy for reducing
the national debt of the United States.
SEC. 323. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING HUNGRY OR
HOMELESS CHILDREN.
(a) It is the sense of the Senate that the assumptions
in this budget resolution assume that Congress will not
HCON 178 EAS
enact or adopt any legislation that would increase the num-
ber of children who are hungry or homeless.
(b) It is the sense of Congress that the assumptions
in this budget resolution assume that in the event legislation
enacted to comply with this resolution results in an increase
in the number of hungry or homeless children by the end
of fiscal year 1997, the Congress would revisit the provi-
sions of said legislation which caused such increase and
would, as soon as practicable thereafter, adopt legislation
which would halt any continuation of such increase.
SEC. 324. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON LIHEAP.
(a) FINDINGS—The Senate finds that:
(1) Home energy assistance for working and low-
income families with children, the elderly on fixed in-
comes, the disabled, and others who need such aid is
a critical part of the social safety net in cold-weather
areas during the winter, and a source of necessary
cooling aid during the summer;
(2) LIHEAP is a highly targeted, cost-effective
way to help millions of low-income Americans pay
their home energy bills. More than two-thirds of
LIHEAP-eligible households have annual incomes of
less than $8,000, more than one-half have annual in-
comes below $6,000; and
HCON 178 EAS
(3) LIHEAP funding has been substantially re-
duced in recent years, and cannot sustain further
spending cuts if the program is to remain a viable
means of meeting the home heating and other energy-
related needs of low-income families, especially those
in cold-weather States.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—The assumptions under-
lying this budget resolution assume that it is the sense of
the Senate that the funds made available for LIHEAP for
fiscal year 1997 will be not less than the actual expenditures
made for LIHEAP in fiscal year 1996.
SEC. 325. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING ADDI-
TIONAL CHARGES UNDER THE MEDICARE
PROGRAM.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) senior citizens must spend more than 1 dol-
lar in 5 of their limited incomes to purchase the
health care they need;
(2) 2⁄3 of spending under the medicare program
under title XVIII of the Social Security Act is for
senior citizens with annual incomes of less than
$15,000;
(3) senior citizens cannot afford physician fee
mark-ups that are not covered under the medicare
program or premium overcharges; and
HCON 178 EAS
(4) senior citizens enrolling in private insurance
plans receiving medicare capitation payments are
currently protected against excess charges by health
providers and additional premium charges by the
plan for services covered under the medicare program.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It the sense of the
Congress that any reconciliation bill considered during the
second session of the 104th Congress should maintain the
existing prohibitions against additional charges by provid-
ers under the medicare program under title XVIII of the
Social Security Act (‘‘balance billing’’), and any premium
surcharges for services covered under such program that are
levied on senior citizens enrolled in private insurance plans
in lieu of conventional medicare.
SEC. 326. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING NURSING
HOME STANDARDS.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) prior to the enactment of subtitle C of title
IV of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987,
deplorable conditions and shocking abuse of senior
citizens and the disabled in nursing homes was wide-
spread; and
(2) the enactment and implementation of such
subtitle has brought major improvements in nursing
HCON 178 EAS
home conditions and substantially reduced abuse of
senior citizens.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It the sense of the
Congress that any reconciliation bill considered during the
second session of the 104th Congress should not include any
changes in Federal nursing home quality standards or the
Federal enforcement of such standards.
SEC. 327. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS CONCERNING NURSING
HOME CARE.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) under current Federal law—
(A) protections are provided under the med-
icaid program under title XIX of the Social Se-
curity Act to prevent the impoverishment of
spouses of nursing home residents;
(B) prohibitions exist under such program
to prevent the charging of adult children of nurs-
ing home residents for the cost of the care of such
residents;
(C) prohibitions exist under such program
to prevent a State from placing a lien against
the home of a nursing home resident, if that
home was occupied by a spouse or dependent
child; and
HCON 178 EAS
(D) prohibitions exist under such program
to prevent a nursing home from charging
amounts above the medicaid recognized charge
for medicaid patients or requiring a commit-
ment to make private payments prior to receiv-
ing medicaid coverage as a condition of admis-
sion; and
(2) family members of nursing home residents
are generally unable to afford the high cost of nursing
home care, which ranges between $30,000 and $60,000
a year.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that provisions of the medicaid program under
title XIX of the Social Security Act that protect families
of nursing home residents from experiencing financial ruin
as the price of securing needed care for their loved ones
should be retained, including—
(1) spousal impoverishment rules;
(2) prohibitions against charging adult children
of nursing home patients for the cost of their care;
(3) prohibitions against liens on the homes of
nursing home residents occupied by a spouse or de-
pendent child; and
(4) prohibitions against nursing homes requiring
private payments prior to medicaid coverage as a
100
HCON 178 EAS
condition of admission or allowing charges in addi-
tion to medicaid payments for covered patients.
SEC. 328. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING REQUIRE-
MENTS THAT WELFARE RECEIPTS BE DRUG-
FREE.
In recognition of the fact that American workers are
required to be drug-free in the workplace, it is the sense
of the Congress that this concurrent resolution on the budget
assumes that the States may require welfare recipients to
be drug-free as a condition for receiving such benefits and
that random drug testing may be used to enforce such re-
quirements.
SEC. 329. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON DAVIS–BACON.
Notwithstanding any provision of the committee report
on this resolution, it is the sense of the Senate that the pro-
visions in this resolution do not assume the repeal of the
Davis-Bacon Act.
SEC. 330. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON DAVIS–BACON.
Notwithstanding any provision of the committee report
on this resolution, it is the sense of the Senate that the pro-
visions in this resolution assume reform of the Davis-Bacon
Act.
101
HCON 178 EAS
SEC. 331. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON REIMBURSEMENT OF
THE 
UNITED 
STATES 
FOR 
OPERATIONS
SOUTHERN WATCH AND PROVIDE COMFORT.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds that—
(1) as of May 1996, the United States has spent
$2,937,000,000 of United States taxpayer funds since
the conclusion of the Gulf War in 1991 for the sin-
gular purpose of protecting the Kurdish and Shiite
population from Iraqi aggression;
(2) the President’s defense budget request for
1997 includes an additional $590,100,000 for Oper-
ations Southern Watch and Provide Comfort, both of
which are designed to restrict Iraqi military aggres-
sion against the Kurdish and Shiite people of Iraq;
(3) costs for these military operations constitute
part of the continued budget deficit of the United
States; and
(4) United Nations Security Council Resolution
986 (1995) (referred to as ‘‘SCR 986’’) would allow
Iraq to sell up to $1,000,000,000 in petroleum and
petroleum products every 90 days, for an initial pe-
riod of 180 days.
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the
Congress that the assumptions underlying the functional to-
tals in this resolution assume that—
102
HCON 178 EAS
(1) the President should instruct the United
States Permanent Representative to the United Na-
tions to ensure any subsequent extension of authority
beyond the 180 days originally provided by SCR 986,
specifically mandates and authorizes the reimburse-
ment of the United States for costs associated with
Operations Southern Watch and Provide Comfort out
of revenues generated by any sale of petroleum or pe-
troleum-related products originating from Iraq;
(2) in the event that the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations fails to
modify the terms of any subsequent resolution extend-
ing the authority granted by SCR 986 as called for
in paragraph (1), the President should reject any
United Nations’ action or resolution seeking to extend
the terms of the oil sale beyond the 180 days author-
ized by SCR 986;
(3) the President should take the necessary steps
to ensure that—
(A) any effort by the United Nations to
temporarily lift the trade embargo for humani-
tarian purposes, specifically the sale of petro-
leum or petroleum products, restricts all revenues
from such sale from being diverted to benefit the
Iraqi military; and
103
HCON 178 EAS
(B) the temporary lifting of the trade em-
bargo does not encourage other countries to take
steps to begin promoting commercial relations
with the Iraqi military in expectation that sanc-
tions will be permanently lifted; and
(4) revenues reimbursed to the United States
from the oil sale authorized by SCR 986, or any sub-
sequent action or resolution, should be used to reduce
the Federal budget deficit.
SEC. 332. ACCURATE INDEX FOR INFLATION.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) a significant portion of Federal expenditures
and revenues are indexed to measurements of infla-
tion; and
(2) a variety of inflation indices exist which
vary according to the accuracy with which such indi-
ces measure increases in the cost of living; and
(3) Federal Government usage of inflation indi-
ces which overstate true inflation has the dem-
onstrated effect of accelerating Federal spending, in-
creasing the Federal budget deficit, increasing Federal
borrowing, and thereby enlarging the projected burden
on future American taxpayers.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the assumptions underlying this budget resolution
104
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include that all Federal spending and revenues which are
indexed for inflation should be calibrated by the most accu-
rate inflation indices which are available to the Federal
Government.
SEC. 333. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON SOLVENCY OF THE
MEDICARE TRUST FUND.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that repeal of certain
provisions from the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of
1993 would move the insolvency date of the HI (Medicare)
Trust Fund forward by a full year.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that no provisions in this Budget Resolution should
worsen the solvency of the Medicare Trust Fund.
SEC. 334. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS THAT THE 1993 INCOME
TAX INCREASE ON SOCIAL SECURITY BENE-
FITS SHOULD BE REPEALED.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that the assumptions
underlying this resolution include that—
(1) the fiscal year 1994 budget proposal of Presi-
dent Clinton to raise Federal income taxes on the So-
cial Security benefits of senior citizens with income
as low as $25,000, and those provisions of the fiscal
year 1994 recommendations of the Budget Resolution
and the 1993 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act in
which the One Hundred Third Congress voted to raise
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Federal income taxes on the Social Security benefits
of senior citizens with income as low as $34,000
should be repealed;
(2) the Senate Budget Resolution should reflect
President Clinton’s statement that he believed he
raised Federal taxes too much in 1993; and
(3) the Budget Resolution should react to Presi-
dent Clinton’s fiscal year 1997 budget which docu-
ments the fact that in the history of the United
States, the total tax burden has never been greater
than it is today, therefore
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that the assumptions underlying this Resolution in-
clude—
(1) that raising Federal income taxes in 1993 on
the Social Security benefits of middle-class individ-
uals with income as low as $34,000 was a mistake;
(2) that the Federal income tax hike on Social
Security benefits imposed in 1993 by the One Hun-
dred Third Congress and signed into law by President
Clinton should be repealed; and
(3) President Clinton should work with the Con-
gress to repeal the 1993 Federal income tax hike on
Social Security benefits in a manner that would not
adversely affect the Social Security Trust Fund or the
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Medicare Part A Trust Fund, and should ensure that
such repeal is coupled with offsetting reductions in
Federal spending.
SEC. 335. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE ADMIN-
ISTRATION’S 
PRACTICE 
REGARDING 
THE
PROSECUTION OF DRUG SMUGGLERS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) drug use is devastating to the Nation, par-
ticularly among juveniles, and has led juveniles to be-
come involved in interstate gangs and to participate
in violent crime;
(2) drug use has experienced a dramatic resur-
gence among our youth;
(3) the number of youths aged 12–17 using
marijuana has increased from 1.6 million in 1992 to
2.9 million in 1994, and the category of ‘‘recent mari-
juana use’’ increased a staggering 200 percent among
14- to 15-year-olds over the same period;
(4) since 1992, there has been a 52 percent jump
in the number of high school seniors using drugs on
a monthly basis, even as worrisome declines are noted
in peer disapproval of drug use;
(5) 1 in 3 high school students uses marijuana;
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(6) 12- to 17-year-olds who use marijuana are
85 percent more likely to graduate to cocaine than
those who abstain from marijuana;
(7) juveniles who reach 21 without ever having
used drugs almost never try them later in life;
(8) the latest results from the Drug Abuse Warn-
ing Network show that marijuana-related episodes
jumped 39 percent and are running at 155 percent
above the 1990 level, and that methamphetamine
cases have risen 256 percent over the 1991 level;
(9) between February 1993 and February 1995
the retail price of a gram of cocaine fell from $172
to $137, and that of a gram of heroin also fell from
$2,032 to $1,278;
(10) it has been reported that the Department of
Justice, through the United States Attorney for the
Southern District of California, has adopted a policy
of allowing certain foreign drug smugglers to avoid
prosecution altogether by being released to Mexico;
(11) it has been reported that in the past year
approximately 2,300 suspected narcotics traffickers
were taken into custody for bringing illegal drugs
across the border, but approximately one in four were
returned to their country of origin without being
prosecuted;
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(12) it has been reported that the United States
Customs Service is operating under guidelines limit-
ing any prosecution in marijuana cases to cases in-
volving 125 pounds of marijuana or more;
(13) it has been reported that suspects possessing
as much as 32 pounds of methamphetamine and
37,000 Quaalude tablets, were not prosecuted but
were, instead, allowed to return to their countries of
origin after their drugs and vehicles were confiscated;
(14) it has been reported that after a seizure of
158 pounds of cocaine, one defendant was cited and
released because there was no room at the Federal jail
and charges against here were dropped;
(15) it has been reported that some smugglers
have been caught two or more times—even in the
same week—yet still were not prosecuted;
(16) the number of defendants prosecuted for vio-
lations of the Federal drug laws has dropped from
25,033 in 1992 to 22,926 in 1995;
(17) this Congress has increased the funding of
the Federal Bureau of Prisons by 11.7 percent over
the 1995 appropriations level; and
(18) this Congress has increased the funding of
the Immigration and Naturalization Service by 23.5
percent over the 1995 appropriations level.
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(b) SENSE OF SENATE.—It is the sense of the Senate
that—(1) the functional totals underlying this resolution
assume that the Attorney General promptly should inves-
tigate this matter and report, within 30 days, to the Chair
of the Senate and House Committees on the Judiciary; and
(2) the Attorney General should ensure that cases in-
volving the smuggling of drugs into the United States are
vigorously prosecuted.
SEC. 336. CORPORATE SUBSIDIES AND SALE OF GOVERN-
MENT ASSETS.
(a) CORPORATE SUBSIDIES.—It is the sense of the
Senate that the functional levels and aggregates in this
budget resolution assume that—
(1) the Federal budget contains tens of billions of
dollars in payments, benefits and programs that pri-
marily assist profit-making enterprises and industries
rather than provide a clear and compelling public in-
terest;
(2) corporate subsidies can provide unfair com-
petitive advantages to certain industries and industry
segments;
(3) at a time when millions of Americans are
being asked to sacrifice in order to balance the budget,
the corporate sector should bear its share of the bur-
den; and
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(4) Federal payments, benefits, and programs
which predominantly benefit a particular industry or
segment of an industry, rather than provide a clear
and compelling public benefit, should be reformed or
terminated in order to provide additional tax relief,
deficit reduction, or to achieve the savings necessary
to meet this resolution’s instructions and levels.
(b) SALE OF GOVERNMENT ASSETS.—
(1) BUDGETARY TREATMENT.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—For the purposes of any
concurrent resolution on the budget and the Con-
gressional Budget Act of 1974, no amounts real-
ized from the sale of an asset shall be scored with
respect to the level of budget authority, outlays,
or revenues if such sale would cause an increase
in the deficit as calculated pursuant to subpara-
graph (B).
(B) 
CALCULATION
OF
NET
PRESENT
VALUE.—The deficit estimate of an asset sale
shall be the net present value of the cash flow
from—
(i) proceeds from the asset sale;
(ii) future receipts that would be ex-
pected from continued ownership of the
asset by the Government; and
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(iii) expected future spending by the
Government at a level necessary to continue
to operate and maintain the asset to gen-
erate the receipts estimated pursuant to
clause (ii).
(2) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section,
the term ‘‘sale of an asset’’ shall have the same mean-
ing as under section 250(c)(21) of the Balanced Budg-
et and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.
(3) TREATMENT OF LOAN ASSETS.—For the pur-
poses of this subsection, the sale of loan assets or the
prepayment of a loan shall be governed by the terms
of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990.
SEC. 337. SENSE OF THE SENATE ON THE PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND.
It is the sense of the Senate that the assumptions un-
derlying the functional totals in this resolution assume that
when the Finance Committee meets its outlay and revenue
obligations under this resolution the committee should not
make any changes in the Presidential Election Campaign
Fund or its funding mechanism and should meet its revenue
and outlay targets through other programs within its juris-
diction.
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SEC. 338. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING WELFARE RE-
FORM.
(a) The Senate finds that—
(1) S. Con. Res. 57 assumes substantial savings
from welfare reform; and
(2) children born out of wedlock are five times
more likely to be poor and about ten times more likely
to be extremely poor and therefore are more likely to
receive welfare benefits than children from two parent
families; and
(3) high rates of out-of-wedlock births are associ-
ated with a host of other social pathologies; for exam-
ple, children of single mothers are twice as likely to
drop out of high school; boys whose fathers are absent
are more likely to engage in criminal activities; and
girls in single-parent families are three times more
likely to have children out of wedlock themselves;
therefore
(b) It is the sense of the Senate that any comprehensive
legislation sent to the President that balances the budget
by a certain date and that includes welfare reform provi-
sions and that is agreed to by the Congress and the Presi-
dent shall also contain to the maximum extent possible a
strategy for reducing the rate of out-of-wedlock births and
encouraging family formation.
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SEC. 339. A RESOLUTION REGARDING THE SENATE’S SUP-
PORT FOR FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL LAW
ENFORCEMENT.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) our Federal, State, and local law enforcement
officers provide essential services that preserve and
protect our freedoms and security;
(2) law enforcement officers deserve our appre-
ciation and support;
(3) law enforcement officers and agencies are
under increasing attacks, both to their physical safety
and to their reputations;
(4) Federal, State, and local law enforcement ef-
forts need increased financial commitment from the
Federal Government for funding and financial assist-
ance and not the slashing of our commitment to law
enforcement if they are to carry out their efforts to
combat violent crime;
(5) the President’s fiscal year 1996 budget re-
quested an increase of 14.8 percent for the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, 10 percent for United States
Attorneys, and $4,000,000 for Organized Crime Drug
Enforcement Task Forces; while this Congress has in-
creased funding for the Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion by 10.8 percent, 8.4 percent for United States At-
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torneys, and a cut of $15,000,000 for Organized
Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces;
(6) on May 16, 1996, the House of Representa-
tives has nonetheless voted to slash $300,000,000 from
the President’s $5,000,000,000 budget request for the
Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund for fiscal year
1997 in House Concurrent Resolution 178; and
(7) the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund as
adopted by the Violent Crime Control and Law En-
forcement Act of 1994 fully funds the Violent Crime
Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 without
adding to the Federal budget deficit.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that the provisions and the functional totals underlying
this resolution assume the Federal Government’s commit-
ment to fund Federal law enforcement programs and pro-
grams to assist State and local efforts shall be maintained
and funding for the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund
shall not be cut as the resolution adopted by the House of
Representatives would require.
SEC. 340. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE FUND-
ING OF AMTRAK.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that—
(1) a capital funding stream is essential to the
ability of the National Rail Passenger Corporation
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(‘‘Amtrak’’) to reduce its dependence on Federal oper-
ating support; and
(2) Amtrak needs a secure source of financing,
no less favorable than provided to other modes of
transportation, for capital improvements.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that—
(1) revenues attributable to one-half cent per gal-
lon of the excise taxes imposed on gasoline, special
motor fuel, and diesel fuel from the Mass Transit Ac-
count should be dedicated to a new Intercity Pas-
senger Rail Trust Fund during the period January 1,
1997, through September 30, 2001;
(2) revenues would not be deposited in the Inter-
city Passenger Rail Trust Fund during any fiscal
year to the extent that the deposit is estimated to re-
sult in available revenues in the Mass Transit Ac-
count being insufficient to satisfy that year’s esti-
mated appropriation levels;
(3) monies in the Intercity Passenger Rail Trust
Fund should be generally available to fund, on a re-
imbursement basis, capital expenditures incurred by
Amtrak; and
(4) amounts to fund capital expenditures related
to rail operations should be set aside for each State
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that has not had Amtrak service in such State for the
preceding year.
SEC. 341. SENSE OF THE SENATE—TRUTH IN BUDGETING.
It is the sense of the Senate that:
(1) The Congressional Budget Office has scored
revenue expected to be raised from the auction of Fed-
eral Communications Commission licenses for various
services;
(2) For budget scoring purposes, the Congress
has assumed that such auctions would occur in a
prompt and expeditious manner and that revenue
raised by such auctions would flow to the Federal
treasury;
(3) The Resolution assumes that the revenue to
be raised from auctions totals billions of dollars;
(4) The Resolution makes assumptions that serv-
ices would be auctioned where the Federal Commu-
nications Commission has not yet conducted auctions
for such services, such as Local Multipoint Distribu-
tion Service (LMDS), licenses for paging services,
final broadband PCS licenses, narrow band PCS li-
censes, licenses for unserved cellular, and Digital
Audio Radio (DARS), and other subscription services,
revenue from which has been assumed in Congres-
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sional budgetary calculations and in determining the
level of the deficit; and
(5) The Commission’s service rules can dramati-
cally affect license values and auction revenues and
therefore the Commission should act expeditiously and
without further delay to conduct auctions of licenses
in a manner that maximizes revenue, increases effi-
ciency, and enhances competition for any service for
which auction revenues have been scored by the Con-
gressional Budget Office and/or counted for budgetary
purposes in an Act of Congress.
Attest:
Secretary.
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