domestic constituencies in the overseas processing of 
refugees. 
(3) In addition to traditional agencies currently 
used in the processing of refugees for admission to the 
United States, where applicable, the Secretary shall 
establish refugee response teams. 
(A) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
REFUGEE
RE-
SPONSE
TEAMS.—In order to make the proc-
essing of refugees more efficient and effective, en-
hance the quality of refugee resettlement pro-
grams, and to augment the capacity of the 
United States government to identify, process, 
assist, and counsel individuals for eventual adju-
dication by the Department of Homeland Secu-
rity as refugees, where applicable, the Secretary 
shall establish and utilize the services of Refugee 
Response Teams, (in this section referred to as 
‘‘RRTs’’). RRTs shall be coordinated by the As-
sistant Secretary of State for Population, Refu-
gees, and Migration, or the Assistant Secretary’s 
designee. 
(B) COMPOSITION
OF
THE
RRTS.—RRTs 
shall be comprised of representatives of non-
governmental organizations and private vol-
untary organizations that have experience in ref-
ugee law, policy and programs. 
(C) RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
THE
RRTS.—
RRTs shall be responsible for—
(i) monitoring refugee situations, with 
a view toward identifying those refugees 
whose best durable solution is third country 
resettlement; 
(ii) preparing profiles and documenta-
tion for resettlement consideration by the 
United States Government; 
(iii) augmenting or establishing an 
overseas operation, especially in response to 
urgent developments requiring quick re-
sponses or more staff resources than are 
available in the existing processing entities; 
(iv) assisting with training and tech-
nical assistance to existing international or-
ganizations and other processing entities; 
and 
(v) such other responsibilities as may 
be determined by the Secretary of State. 
(D) 
RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
THE
SEC-
RETARY.—The Secretary shall establish appro-
priate training seminars for RRT personnel and
make use of RRTs in situations where existing 
mechanisms are unable to identify and process 
refugees in a timely manner. 
(d) PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.—In consultation with 
private voluntary organizations and NGOs, the Secretary 
shall establish performance standards to ensure account-
ability and effectiveness in the tasks carried out in sub-
section (c). 
(e) CONSIDERATION OF VARIOUS GROUPS.—To ensure 
that there is adequate planning across fiscal years and that 
both the Department of State’s planning and processing op-
erations result in adequate numbers of travel-ready refugees 
to fulfill the admissions goals set forth in the determinations 
on refugee admissions required by sections 207(a) and 
207(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1157(a) and (b)), the Secretary of State shall work to ensure 
that—
(1) those refugees in special need, including long-
stayers in first countries of asylum, unaccompanied 
refugee minors, urban refugees, and refugees in 
women-headed households be given special attention 
for resettlement processing; 
(2) attempts are made to expand processing of 
those refugees of all nationalities who have close fam-
ily ties to citizens and residents in the United States,
including spouses, unmarried children, or parents of 
persons lawfully admitted to the United States, re-
gardless of their country of nationality, country of 
habitual residence, or first country of asylum, as well 
as grandparents, grandchildren, married sons or 
daughters, or siblings of United States citizens or 
other persons lawfully admitted to the United States; 
(3) attempts are made to expand the number of 
refugees considered who are of special concern to the 
United States; and 
(4) expanded access is provided to broader cat-
egories of refugees seeking admission to the United 
States, thus reducing instances of relationship-based 
misrepresentation by persons who are bona fide refu-
gees but who resort to such misrepresentation merely 
as a way to be interviewed for refugee status. 
(f) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit a report to Congress that includes information con-
cerning the following: 
(1) Efforts of the Secretary to utilize NGO’s in 
refugee identification, utilize private voluntary orga-
nizations in processing refugees, establish and utilize 
RRTs, and an explanation of the rationale for not 
using such organizations and agencies in situations
where the Secretary has made such a determination, 
as described in subsection (c). 
(2) Efforts of the Secretary to implement per-
formance standards and measures as described in sub-
section (d) and the success of NGO’s and private vol-
untary organizations in meeting such standards. 
(3) Efforts of the Secretary to expand consider-
ation of various groups for refugee processing as de-
scribed in subsection (e). 
(4) Efforts to ensure that there is planning 
across fiscal years so as to fulfill the refugee admis-
sions goals set forth by the President in his annual 
presidential determinations on refugee admissions.
SEC. 230. THE COLIN POWELL CENTER FOR AMERICAN DI-
PLOMACY. 
Title I of the State Department Basic Authorities Act 
of 1956 is amended by adding after section 59 (22 U.S.C. 
2730) the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 60. COLIN POWELL CENTER FOR AMERICAN DIPLO-
MACY. 
‘‘(a) DESIGNATION.—The diplomacy center of the De-
partment of State, located in the Harry S Truman build-
ing, is hereby designated as the ‘Colin Powell Center for 
American Diplomacy’ (hereinafter in this section referred 
to as the ‘Center’).
‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES.—
‘‘(1) SUPPORT AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of 
State is authorized to provide by contract, grant, or 
otherwise, for the performance of appropriate museum 
visitor and educational outreach services, including 
organizing conference activities, museum shop serv-
ices, and food services, in the public exhibit and re-
lated space utilized by the Center. 
‘‘(2) PAYMENT
OF
EXPENSES.—The Secretary 
may pay all reasonable expenses of conference activi-
ties conducted by the Center, including refreshments 
and reimbursement of travel expenses incurred by 
participants. 
‘‘(3) RECOVERY OF COSTS.—Any revenues gen-
erated under the authority of paragraph (1) for vis-
itor services may be retained, as a recovery of the 
costs of operating the Center, and credited to any De-
partment of State appropriation. 
‘‘(c) DISPOSITION OF CENTER ARTIFACTS AND MATE-
RIALS.—
‘‘(1) PROPERTY
OF
SECRETARY.—All historic 
documents, artifacts, or other articles permanently ac-
quired by the Department of State and determined by 
the Secretary to be suitable for display in the Center 
shall be considered to be the property of the Secretary
in the Secretary’s official capacity and shall be sub-
ject to disposition solely in accordance with this sub-
section. 
‘‘(2) SALE OR TRADE.—Whenever the Secretary 
makes the determination under paragraph (3) with 
respect to an item, the Secretary may sell at fair 
market value, trade, or transfer the item, without re-
gard to the requirements of subtitle I of title 40, 
United States Code. The proceeds of any such sale 
may be used solely for the advancement of the Center’s 
mission and may not be used for any purpose other 
than the acquisition and direct care of collections. 
‘‘(3) DETERMINATIONS
PRIOR
TO
SALE
OR 
TRADE.—The determination referred to in paragraph 
(2), with respect to an item, is a determination 
that—
‘‘(A) the item no longer serves to further the 
purposes of the Center established in the collec-
tions management policy of the Center; or 
‘‘(B) in order to maintain the standards of 
the collections of the Center, the sale or exchange 
of the item would be a better use of the item. 
‘‘(4) LOANS.—The Secretary may also lend items 
covered by paragraph (1), when not needed for use or 
display in the Center, to the Smithsonian Institution
or a similar institution for repair, study, or exhi-
bition.’’. 
Subtitle C—Educational and 
Cultural Authorities 
SEC. 251. ESTABLISHMENT OF INITIATIVES FOR PREDOMI-
NANTLY MUSLIM COUNTRIES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following 
findings: 
(1) Surveys indicate that, in countries of pre-
dominantly Muslim population, opinions of the 
United States and American foreign policy among the 
general public and select audiences are significantly 
distorted by highly negative and hostile beliefs and 
images and that many of these beliefs and images are 
the result of misinformation and propaganda by indi-
viduals and organizations hostile to the United 
States. 
(2) These negative opinions and images are high-
ly prejudicial to the interests of the United States and 
to its foreign policy. 
(3) As part of a broad and long-term effort to 
enhance a positive image of the United States in the 
Muslim world, a key element should be the establish-
ment of programs to promote a greater familiarity 
with American society and values among the general
public and select audiences in countries of predomi-
nantly Muslim population. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF INITIATIVES.—The Secretary 
of State shall establish the following programs with coun-
tries with predominantly Muslim populations as part of the 
educational and cultural exchange programs of the Depart-
ment of State for the fiscal years 2004 and 2005: 
(1) JOURNALISM PROGRAM.—A program for for-
eign journalists, editors, media managers, and post-
secondary students of journalism which, in coopera-
tion with private sector sponsors to include univer-
sities, shall sponsor workshops and professional train-
ing in techniques, standards, and practices in the 
field of journalism to assist the participants to 
achieve the highest standards of professionalism. 
(2) ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING.—The Sec-
retary shall provide grants to United States citizens 
to work in middle and secondary schools as English 
language teaching assistants for not less than an aca-
demic year. If feasible, the host government or local 
educational agency shall share the salary costs of the 
assistants. 
(3) SISTER CITY PARTNERSHIPS.—The Secretary 
shall expand and enhance sister-city partnerships be-
tween United States and international municipalities
in an effort to increase global cooperation at the com-
munity level. Such partnerships shall encourage eco-
nomic development, municipal cooperation, health 
care initiatives, youth and educational programs, dis-
ability advocacy, emergency preparedness, and hu-
manitarian assistance. 
(4) CIVICS EDUCATION.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish a civics education program which shall de-
velop civics education teaching curricula and mate-
rials, provide training for teachers of civics, and pro-
vide English language teaching materials that are de-
signed to promote civics education. Civics education 
programs under this paragraph shall place particular 
emphasis on the on-site training of educators and the 
function of the mass media within that society. 
(5) YOUTH AMBASSADORS.—The Secretary shall 
establish a program for visits by middle school stu-
dents (to the extent feasible) and secondary school stu-
dents to the United States during school holidays in 
their home country for periods not to exceed 4 weeks 
and a program for academic year study in the United 
States for secondary school students. Participating 
students shall reflect the economic, geographic, and 
ethnic diversity of their countries. Activities shall in-
clude cultural and educational activities designed to
familiarize participating students with American so-
ciety and values. To the extent practicable, the pro-
gram involving school holiday visits shall be coordi-
nated with middle and secondary schools in the 
United States to provide for school-based activities 
and interactions. The Secretary shall encourage the 
establishment of direct school-to-school linkages under 
the programs. 
(6) FULBRIGHT EXCHANGE PROGRAM.—The Sec-
retary shall seek to substantially increase the number 
of awards under the J. William Fulbright Edu-
cational Exchange Program to graduate students, 
scholars, professionals, teachers, and administrators 
from the United States who are applying for such 
awards to study, teach, conduct research, or pursue 
scholarship in predominantly Muslim countries. Part 
of such increase shall include awards for scholars and 
teachers who plan to teach subjects relating to Amer-
ican studies. 
(7) HUBERT H. HUMPHREY FELLOWSHIPS.—The 
Secretary shall seek to substantially increase the num-
ber of Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowships awarded to 
candidates from predominantly Muslim countries. 
(8) LIBRARY TRAINING EXCHANGE PROGRAM.—
The Secretary shall develop an exchange program for
postgradute students seeking additional training in 
the library sciences and related fields. 
(c) 
GENERAL
PROVISION.—Programs 
established 
under this section shall be carried out under the provisions 
of the United States Information and Educational Ex-
change Act of 1948 and the Mutual Educational and Cul-
tural Exchange Act of 1961. 
SEC. 252. DATABASE OF AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PARTICI-
PANTS IN EXCHANGE PROGRAMS. 
To the extent practicable, the Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the heads of other agencies that conduct 
international exchange and training programs, shall estab-
lish and maintain a database listing all American and for-
eign alumni of such programs in order to encourage net-
working, interaction, and communication with alumni. 
SEC. 253. REPORT ON INCLUSION OF FREEDOM AND DE-
MOCRACY ADVOCATES IN EDUCATIONAL AND 
CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Con-
gress a report concerning the implementation of section 102 
of the Human Rights, Refugee, and Other Foreign Relations 
Provisions Act of 1996. The report shall include informa-
tion concerning the number of grants to conduct exchange 
programs to countries described in such section that have
been submitted for competitive bidding, what measures have 
been taken to ensure that willingness to include supporters 
of freedom and democracy in such programs is given appro-
priate weight in the selection of grantees, and an evaluation 
of whether United States exchange programs in the coun-
tries described in such section are fully open to supporters 
of freedom and democracy, and, if not, what obstacles re-
main and what measures are being taken to implement such 
policy. 
SEC. 254. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS CONCERNING EDU-
CATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PRO-
GRAM FOR FOREIGN JOURNALISTS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of 
State should work toward the establishment of a program 
for foreign journalists from regions of conflict that will pro-
vide professional training in techniques, standards, and 
practices in the field of journalism. 
SEC. 255. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING KOREAN FUL-
BRIGHT PROGRAMS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that Fulbright program 
activities for Korea should—
(1) include participation by students from 
throughout South Korea, including proportional rep-
resentation from areas outside of Seoul;
(2) attempt to include Korean students from a 
broad range of educational institutions, including 
schools other than elite universities; 
(3) broaden the Korean student emphasis beyond 
degree-seeking graduate students, to include opportu-
nities for one-year nondegree study at United States 
campuses by pre-doctoral Korean students; and 
(4) include a significant number of Korean stu-
dents planning to move into areas other than ad-
vanced research and university teaching, such as those 
heading towards careers in government service, 
media, law, and business.
SEC. 256. AUTHORIZING EAST TIMORESE SCHOLARSHIPS 
FOR GRADUATE STUDY. 
Section 237 of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103–236) is 
amended by inserting ‘‘graduate or’’ after ‘‘at the’’. 
SEC. 257. PUBLIC SAFETY AWARENESS IN STUDY ABROAD 
PROGRAMS. 
With respect to the Department of State’s support for 
study abroad programs, Congress—
(1) encourages the Bureau of Educational and 
Cultural Affairs to support public safety awareness 
activities as part of such programs; and
(2) encourages the Bureau to continue sup-
porting such activities and urges special attention to 
public safety issues, including road safety. 
Subtitle D—Consular Authorities 
SEC. 271. MACHINE READABLE VISAS. 
Section 140(a) of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (8 U.S.C. 1351 note) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) For each of the fiscal years 2004 and 2005, 
any amount that exceeds $700,000,000 may be made 
available only if a notification is submitted to Con-
gress in accordance with the procedures applicable to 
reprogramming notifications under section 34 of the 
State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956.’’.
SEC. 272. PROCESSING OF VISA APPLICATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—It shall be the policy of the Depart-
ment of State to process each visa application from an alien 
classified as an immediate relative or as a K–1 non-
immigrant within 30 days of the receipt of all necessary 
documents from the applicant and the Department of 
Homeland Security. In the case of an immigrant visa ap-
plication where the petitioner is a relative other than an 
immediate relative, it should be the policy of the Depart-
ment to process such an application within 60 days of the
receipt of all necessary documents from the applicant and 
the Department of Homeland Security. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) IMMEDIATE
RELATIVE.—The term ‘‘imme-
diate relative’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 201(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Immigration and Nation-
ality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)(A)(i)). 
(2) K–1 NONIMMIGRANT.—The term ‘‘K–1 non-
immigrant’’ means a nonimmigrant alien described 
in section 101(a)(15)(K)(i) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(K)(i)). 
SEC. 273. STAFFING AT DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS. 
At least once every five years and pursuant to a proc-
ess determined by the President for staffing at diplomatic 
missions and overseas constituent posts, the Secretary of 
State shall require each chief of mission to review every staff 
element under chief of mission authority, including staff 
from other executive agencies, and recommend approval or 
disapproval of each staff element. The Secretary of State 
shall submit an annual report concerning such reviews to-
gether with the Secretary’s recommendations to the heads 
of all affected agencies and the Inspector General of the De-
partment of State.
TITLE III—ORGANIZATION AND 
PERSONNEL OF THE DEPART-
MENT OF STATE 
SEC. 301. FELLOWSHIP OF HOPE PROGRAM. 
The Secretary of State is authorized to establish in the 
Department of State an exchange program to be designated 
the ‘‘Fellowship of Hope Program’’. The program shall pro-
vide for the exchange and assignment of government em-
ployees of designated countries to fellowship positions at the 
Department of State and reciprocal assignment of civil 
service and foreign service employees of the Department as 
fellows within the governments of foreign countries. 
SEC. 302. CLAIMS FOR LOST PAY. 
Section 2 of the State Department Basic Authorities 
Act (22 U.S.C. 2669) is amended—
(1) at the end of subsection (o) by striking the 
period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (o) the following 
new subsection: 
‘‘(p) make administrative corrections or adjustments 
to an employee’s pay, allowances, or differentials, resulting 
from mistakes or retroactive personnel actions, and to pro-
vide back pay and other categories of payments under the 
Back Pay Act as part of the settlement of administrative 
claims or grievances filed against the Department.’’.
SEC. 303. OMBUDSMAN FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the Of-
fice of the Secretary of State the position of Ombudsman. 
The position of Ombudsman shall be a career position with-
in the Senior Executive Service. The Ombudsman shall re-
port directly to the Secretary of State. 
(b) DUTIES.—At the discretion of the Secretary of 
State, the Ombudsman shall participate in meetings re-
garding the management of the Department in order to as-
sure that all employees may contribute to the achievement 
of the Department’s responsibilities and to promote the ca-
reer interests of all employees. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 172 of the 
Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 
and 1989 (22 U.S.C. 2664a) is amended—
(1) by striking subsection (c); and 
(2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection 
(c). 
SEC. 304. REPEAL OF RECERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT 
FOR SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE. 
Section 305 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 
U.S.C. 3945) is amended by striking subsection (d). 
SEC. 305. REPORT CONCERNING STATUS OF EMPLOYEES OF 
STATE DEPARTMENT. 
Not later than one year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State shall prepare and submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
analyzes and evaluates the merits of the conversion of em-
ployees of the Department of State to excepted service under 
chapter 21 of title 5, United States Code. 
SEC. 306. HOME LEAVE. 
(a) REST
AND
RECUPERATION
TRAVEL.—Section 
901(6) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 
4081(6)) is amended by striking ‘‘unbroken by home leave’’ 
both places it appears. 
(b) REQUIRED LEAVE IN THE UNITED STATES.—Sec-
tion 903(a) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 
4083(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘18 months’’ and inserting 
‘‘12 months’’. 
SEC. 307. INCREASED LIMITS APPLICABLE TO POST DIF-
FERENTIALS AND DANGER PAY ALLOWANCES. 
(a) POST DIFFERENTIALS.—Section 5925(a) of title 5, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘25 percent’’ 
in the third sentence and inserting ‘‘35 percent’’. 
(b) DANGER PAY ALLOWANCES.—Section 5928 of title 
5, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘25 percent’’ 
both places it appears and inserting ‘‘35 percent’’. 
(c) CRITERIA.—The Secretary shall inform the appro-
priate congressional committees of the criteria to be used 
in determinations of appropriate adjustments in post dif-
ferentials under section 5925 of title 5, United States Code,
and danger pay allowances under section 5928 of title 5, 
United States Code. 
(d) STUDY AND REPORT.—Two years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
conduct a study assessing the effect of the increases in post 
differentials and danger pay allowances made by the 
amendments in subsections (a) and (b) in filling ‘‘hard-to-
fill’’ positions. The Secretary shall submit a report of such 
study to the appropriate congressional committees. 
SEC. 308. REGULATIONS REGARDING RETIREMENT CREDIT 
FOR 
GOVERNMENT 
SERVICE 
PERFORMED 
ABROAD. 
Section 321(f) of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (5 U.S.C. 8411 note; Public Law 
107–228) is amended by striking ‘‘regulations’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘regulations, not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, 
Fiscal Years 2004 and 2005,’’. 
SEC. 309. MINORITY RECRUITMENT. 
(a) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—Section 324 of the 
Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 
(Public Law 107–228) is amended by striking ‘‘and April 
1, 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘April 1, 2004, and April 1, 2005’’.
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—The provisions of section 325 of 
such Act shall apply to funds authorized by section 
111(a)(1)(E) of this Act. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 325(c) of such 
Act is amended in the second sentence by striking ‘‘two’’ 
and inserting ‘‘three’’.
SEC. 310. MERITORIOUS STEP INCREASES. 
Section 406(b) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 
U.S.C. 3966(b)) is amended by striking ‘‘receiving an in-
crease in salary under subsection (a),’’. 
TITLE IV—INTERNATIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS 
Subtitle A—Basic Authorities and 
Activities 
SEC. 401. RAISING THE CAP ON PEACEKEEPING CONTRIBU-
TIONS. 
Section 404(b)(2)(B) of the Foreign Relations Author-
ization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 is amended by in-
serting after clause (iv) the following: 
‘‘(v) For assessments made during cal-
endar year 2005 and calendar year 2006, 
27.10 percent.’’.
SEC. 402. REGARDING THE REENTRY OF THE UNITED 
STATES IN UNESCO. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—As the United States re-
sumes membership in the United Nations Educational, Sci-
entific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Presi-
dent should—
(1) appoint a United States Representative to 
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and De-
velopment (OECD) who shall also serve as the United 
States Representative to UNESCO; 
(2) take steps to ensure that more Americans are 
employed by UNESCO, particularly for senior level 
positions; 
(3) request that the Secretary General of 
UNESCO create a Deputy Director General position 
for Management or a comparable position with high 
level managerial and administrative responsibilities 
to be filled by an American; 
(4) insist that any increases in UNESCO’s 
budget beyond the level of zero nominal growth for the 
2004–2005 biennium focus primarily on the adoption 
of management and administrative reforms; and 
(5) request that the Secretary General of 
UNESCO spend the United States contribution to 
UNESCO for the last quarter of calendar year 2003 
on key education and science priorities of the organi-
zation that will directly benefit United States na-
tional interests. 
(b) ANNUAL ASSESSMENT FOR UNITED STATES PAR-
TICIPATION IN UNESCO.—Of the amounts authorized to be 
appropriated by section 113(a), such sums as may be nec-
essary for each of the fiscal years 2004 and 2005 are author-
ized to be available for the annual assessment for United 
States contributions to the regular budget of the United Na-
tions Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.
SEC. 403. UNESCO NATIONAL COMMISSION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 3 of the Act of July 30, 
1946, ‘‘Providing for membership and participation by the 
United States in the United Nations Educational, Sci-
entific, and Cultural Organization, and authorizing an ap-
propriation therefor.’’ (22 U.S.C. 287o) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 3. (a) In fulfillment of article VII of the con-
stitution of the Organization, the Secretary of State shall 
establish a National Commission on Educational, Sci-
entific, and Cultural Cooperation. 
‘‘(b) The National Commission shall be composed of 
not more than 35 members appointed by the Secretary of 
State in consultation with the National Academy of 
Sciences, the National Science Foundation, the Secretary 
of Education, the Secretary of Health and Human Services,
and the Secretary of the Interior. Members of the National 
Commission shall be representatives of nongovernmental or-
ganizations, academic institutions, and associations inter-
ested in education, scientific, and cultural matters. Periodi-
cally, the Secretary shall review and revise the entities rep-
resented on the National Commission in order to achieve 
a desirable rotation in representation. Except as otherwise 
provided, each member of the National Commission shall 
be appointed to a term of 3 years. As designated by the 
Secretary of State at the time of appointment, of the mem-
bers first appointed one-third shall be appointed for a term 
of 1 year, one-third shall be appointed for a term of 2 years, 
and one-third shall be appointed for a term of 3 years. Any 
member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the ex-
piration of the term for which the member’s predecessor was 
appointed shall be appointed only for the remainder of that 
term. A member may serve after the expiration of that mem-
ber’s term until a successor has taken office. No member 
may serve more than 2 consecutive terms. The Secretary 
of State shall designate a chair of the National Commission. 
‘‘(c) Members of the National Commission shall serve 
without pay. For attendance at the annual meeting, each 
member shall receive travel expenses in accordance with sec-
tion 5703 of title 5, United States Code.
‘‘(d) The National Commission shall meet at the call 
of the chair at least annually and such meetings may be 
through video conferencing or other electronic means. The 
National Commission shall designate an executive com-
mittee from among the members of the commission and may 
designate such other committees as may be necessary to 
carry out its duties under this Act. 
‘‘(e) Upon request of the National Commission, the 
Secretary of State may detail any of the personnel of the 
Department of State to the National Commission to assist 
it in carrying out its duties under this Act.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING CHANGES.—Section 2 of the Act of 
July 30, 1946, ‘‘Providing for membership and participa-
tion by the United States in the United Nations Edu-
cational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, and au-
thorizing an appropriation therefor.’’ (22 U.S.C. 287o) is 
amended by striking ‘‘One of the representatives’’ and all 
that follows through the end of such section.
SEC. 404. ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES (OAS) 
EMERGENCY FUND. 
Section 109(b)(3) of Public Law 104–114 (22 U.S.C. 
6039(b)(3)) is amended by striking ‘‘should provide not less 
than $5,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘shall provide for each of 
the fiscal years 2004 and 2005 not less than $500,000’’.
SEC. 405. UNITED STATES EFFORTS REGARDING THE STA-
TUS OF ISRAEL IN THE WESTERN EUROPEAN 
AND OTHERS GROUP AT THE UNITED NA-
TIONS. 
(a) UNITED STATES EFFORTS.—The Secretary of 
State and other appropriate officials of the United States 
Government should pursue an aggressive diplomatic effort 
and should take all necessary steps to ensure the extension 
and upgrade of Israel’s membership in the Western Euro-
pean and Others Group at the United Nations. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and semiannually thereafter 
through September 30, 2005, the Secretary of State shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
on the steps taken by the United States pursuant to sub-
section (a) and progress in achieving the objectives of sub-
section (a). 
Subtitle B—United States 
International Leadership
SEC. 431. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘United States Inter-
national Leadership Act of 2003’’. 
SEC. 432. FINDINGS. 
The Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) International organizations and other multi-
lateral institutions play a key role in United States
foreign policy and serve key United States foreign 
policy objectives, such as obligating all countries to 
freeze assets of terrorist groups, preventing the pro-
liferation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weap-
ons, and spearheading the fight to combat the ravages 
of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases. 
(2) Decisions at many international organiza-
tions, including membership and key positions, re-
main subject to determinations made by regional 
groups where democratic states are often in the mi-
nority and where there is intensive cooperation 
among repressive regimes. As a result, the United 
States has often been blocked in its attempts to take 
action in these institutions to advance its goals and 
objectives, including at the United Nations Human 
Rights Commission (where a representative of Libya 
was elected as chairman and the United States tem-
porarily lost a seat). 
(3) In order to address these shortcomings, the 
United States must actively work to improve the 
workings of international organizations and multilat-
eral institutions, particularly by creating a caucus of 
democratic countries that will advance United States 
interests. In the Second Ministerial Conference of the 
Community of Democracies in Seoul, Korea, on No-
vember 
10–20, 
2002, 
numerous 
countries 
rec-
ommended working together as a democracy caucus in 
international organizations such as the United Na-
tions and ensuring that international and regional 
institutions develop and apply democratic standards 
for member states. 
(4) In addition, the United States has short-
changed its ability to influence these organizations by 
failing to obtain enough support for positions that are 
congruent to or consistent with United States objec-
tives and has not done enough to build expertise in 
the United States Government in the area of multilat-
eral diplomacy. 
SEC. 433. ESTABLISHMENT OF A DEMOCRACY CAUCUS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President of the United States, 
acting through the Secretary of State and the relevant 
United States chiefs of mission, shall seek to establish a de-
mocracy caucus at the United Nations, the United Nations 
Human Rights Commission, the United Nations Conference 
on Disarmament, and at other broad-based international 
organizations. 
(b) PURPOSES OF THE CAUCUS.—A democracy caucus 
at an international organization should—
(1) forge common positions, including, as appro-
priate, at the ministerial level, on matters of concern
before the organization and work within and across 
regional lines to promote agreed positions; 
(2) work to revise an increasingly outmoded sys-
tem of regional voting and decision making; and 
(3) set up a rotational leadership scheme to pro-
vide member states an opportunity, for a set period 
of time, to serve as the designated president of the 
caucus, responsible for serving as its voice in each or-
ganization. 
SEC. 434. ANNUAL DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS ON MULTILAT-
ERAL ISSUES. 
The Secretary of State, acting through the principal 
officers responsible for advising the Secretary on inter-
national organizations, shall ensure that a high-level dele-
gation from the United States Government, on an annual 
basis, is sent to consult with key foreign governments in 
every region in order to promote the United States agenda 
at key international fora, such as the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly, United Nations Human Rights Commission, 
the United Nations Education, Science, and Cultural Orga-
nization, and the International Whaling Commission. 
SEC. 435. LEADERSHIP AND MEMBERSHIP OF INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 
(a) UNITED STATES POLICY.—The President, acting 
through the Secretary of State and the relevant United
States chiefs of mission, shall use the voice, vote, and influ-
ence of the United States to—
(1) where appropriate, reform the criteria for 
leadership and, in appropriate cases for membership, 
at all United Nations bodies and at other inter-
national organizations and multilateral institutions 
to which the United States is a member so as to ex-
clude nations that violate the principles of the specific 
organization; 
(2) make it a policy of the United Nations and 
other international organizations and multilateral in-
stitutions, of which the United States is a member, 
that a member state may not stand in nomination or 
be in rotation for a leadership position in such bodies 
if the member state is subject to sanctions imposed by 
the United Nations Security Council; and 
(3) work to ensure that no member state stand 
in nomination or be in rotation for a leadership posi-
tion in such organizations, or for membership of the 
United Nations Security Council, if the member state 
is subject to a determination under section 620A of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40 of the 
Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j) of the Ex-
port Administration Act.
(b) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 15 days 
after a country subject to to a determination under section 
620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40 of 
the Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j) of the Export 
Administration Act is selected for a leadership post in an 
international organization of which the United States is a 
member or a membership of the United Nations Security 
Council, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees on any steps taken 
pursuant to subsection (a)(3). 
SEC. 436. INCREASED TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLO-
MACY. 
(a) TRAINING PROGRAMS.—Section 708 of the Foreign 
Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended by adding 
after subsection (b) the following new subsection: 
‘‘(c) TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
a series of training courses for officers of the Service, 
including appropriate chiefs of mission, on the con-
duct of diplomacy at international organizations and 
other multilateral institutions and at broad-based 
multilateral negotiations of international instru-
ments. 
‘‘(2) PARTICULAR
PROGRAMS.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the training described in paragraph
(1) is provided at various stages of the career of mem-
bers of the Service. In particular, the Secretary shall 
ensure that after January 1, 2004—
‘‘(A) officers of the Service receive training 
on the conduct of diplomacy at international or-
ganizations and other multilateral institutions 
and at broad-based multilateral negotiations of 
international instruments as part of their train-
ing upon entry of the Service; and 
‘‘(B) officers of the Service, including chiefs 
of mission, who are assigned to United States 
missions representing the United States to inter-
national organizations and other multilateral 
institutions or who are assigned in Washington, 
D.C. to positions that have as their primary re-
sponsibility formulation of policy towards such 
organizations and institutions or towards par-
ticipation in broad-based multilateral negotia-
tions of international instruments receive spe-
cialized training in the areas described in para-
graph (1) prior to beginning of service for such 
assignment or, if receiving such training at that 
time is not practical, within the first year of be-
ginning such assignment.’’.
(b) TRAINING FOR CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES.—The 
Secretary shall ensure that employees of the Department of 
State that are members of the civil service and that are 
assigned to positions described in section 708(c) of the For-
eign Service Act of 1980 (as amended by this subtitle) have 
training described in such section. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 708 of such 
Act is further amended—
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘(a) The’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(a) TRAINING ON HUMAN RIGHTS.—The’’; 
and 
(2) in subsection (b) by striking ‘‘(b) The’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(b) TRAINING ON REFUGEE LAW AND RE-
LIGIOUS PERSECUTION.—The’’. 
SEC. 437. PROMOTING ASSIGNMENTS TO INTERNATIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS. 
(a) PROMOTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 603(b) of the Foreign 
Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4003) is amended by 
striking the period at the end and inserting: ‘‘, and 
shall consider whether the member of the Service has 
served in a position whose primary responsibility is 
to formulate policy towards or represent the United 
States at an international organization, a multilat-
eral institution, or a broad-based multilateral nego-
tiation of an international instrument.’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by 
paragraph (1) shall take effect January 1, 2010. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF A MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY 
CONE IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE.— 
(1) FINDINGS.—
(A) The Department of State maintains a 
number of United States missions both within 
the United States and abroad that are dedicated 
to representing the United States to inter-
national organizations and multilateral institu-
tions, including missions in New York, Brussels, 
Geneva, Rome, Montreal, Nairobi, Vienna, and 
Paris, which will soon be responsible for United 
States representation to UNESCO and OECD. 
(B) In offices at the Harry S. Truman 
Building, the Department maintains a signifi-
cant number of positions in bureaus that are ei-
ther dedicated, or whose primary responsibility 
is, to represent the United States to such organi-
zations and institutions or at multilateral nego-
tiations. 
(C) Given the large number of positions in 
the United States and abroad that are dedicated
to multilateral diplomacy, the Department of 
State may be well served in developing persons 
with specialized skills necessary to become ex-
perts in this unique form of diplomacy. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report—
(A) evaluating whether a new cone should 
be established for the Foreign Service that con-
centrates on members of the Service that serve at 
international organizations and multilateral in-
stitutions or are primarily responsible for par-
ticipation in broad-based multilateral negotia-
tions of international instruments; and 
(B) provides alternative mechanisms for 
achieving the objective of developing a core group 
of United States diplomats and other government 
employees who have expertise and broad experi-
ence in conducting multilateral diplomacy. 
SEC. 438. IMPLEMENTATION AND ESTABLISHMENT OF OF-
FICE ON MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF OFFICE.—The Secretary of 
State is authorized to establish, within the Bureau of Inter-
national Organizational Affairs, an Office on Multilateral
Negotiations to be headed by a Special Representative for 
Multilateral Negotiations (in this section referred to as the 
‘‘special representative’’). 
(b) APPOINTMENT.—The special representative shall be 
appointed by the President with the advice and consent of 
the Senate and shall have the rank of Ambassador-at-Large. 
At the discretion of the President another official at the De-
partment may serve as the special representative. The Presi-
dent may direct that the special representative report to the 
Assistant Secretary for International Organizations. 
(c) STAFFING.—The special representative shall have 
a staff of foreign service and civil service officers skilled in 
multilateral diplomacy. 
(d) DUTIES.—The special representative shall have the 
following responsibilities: 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The primary responsibility of 
the special representative shall be to assist in the or-
ganization of, and preparation for, United States 
participation in multilateral negotiations, including 
the advocacy efforts undertaken by the Department of 
State and other United States agencies. 
(2) ADVISORY ROLE.—The special representative 
shall advise the President and the Secretary of State, 
as appropriate, regarding advocacy at international 
organizations and multilateral institutions and nego-
tiations and, in coordination with the Assistant Sec-
retary of State for International Organizational Af-
fairs, shall make recommendations regarding—
(A) effective strategies (and tactics) to 
achieve United States policy objectives at multi-
lateral negotiations; 
(B) the need for and timing of high level 
intervention by the President, the Secretary of 
State, the Deputy Secretary of State, and other 
United States officials to secure support from 
key foreign government officials for the United 
States position at such organizations, institu-
tions, and negotiations; 
(C) the composition of United States delega-
tions to multilateral negotiations; and 
(D) liaison with Congress, international or-
ganizations, nongovernmental organizations, and 
the private sector on matters affecting multilat-
eral negotiations. 
(3) DEMOCRACY CAUCUS.—The special represent-
ative, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary for 
International Organizational Affairs, shall ensure the 
establishment of a democracy caucus. 
(4) ANNUAL DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OF MULTI-
LATERAL ISSUES.—The special representative, in co-
100
ordination with the Assistant Secretary for Inter-
national Organizational Affairs, shall organize an-
nual consultations between the principal officers re-
sponsible for advising the Secretary of State on inter-
national organizations and foreign governments to 
promote the United States agenda at the United Na-
tions General Assembly and other key international 
fora (such as the United Nations Human Rights 
Commission). 
(5) LEADERSHIP AND MEMBERSHIP OF INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.—The special representa-
tive, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of 
International Organizational Affairs, shall direct the 
efforts of the United States Government to reform the 
criteria for leadership and membership of inter-
national organizations as described in section 435. 
(6) PARTICIPATION IN MULTILATERAL NEGOTIA-
TIONS.—The special representative, or members of the 
special representative’s staff, may, as required by the 
President or the Secretary of State, serve on a United 
States delegation to any multilateral negotiation. 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit a plan to establish a democracy caucus to the appro-
priate congressional committees. The report required by sec-
101
tion 437(c) may be submitted together with the report under 
this subsection. 
SEC. 439. SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNITED STATES CON-
TRIBUTIONS TO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA-
TIONS. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the President shall submit a plan to the appro-
priate congressional committees on the implementation of 
section 404 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act of 
2003 (Public Law 107–228), (relating to a resumption by 
the United State of the payment of its full contribution to 
certain international organizations at the beginning of each 
calendar year). 
TITLE 
V—UNITED 
STATES 
INTERNATIONAL 
BROAD-
CASTING ACTIVITIES 
Subtitle A—Basic Authorities and 
Activities
SEC. 501. MIDEAST RADIO AND TELEVISION NETWORK, INC. 
(a) The United States International Broadcasting Act 
of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6201 et seq.) is amended by adding after 
section 309 the following new section:
102
‘‘SEC. 310. MIDEAST RADIO AND TELEVISION NETWORK, 
INC. 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—Grants authorized under section 
305 shall be available to make annual grants to Mideast 
Radio and Television Network, Inc. (hereinafter in this title 
also referred to as ‘Mideast Network’) for the purpose of car-
rying out radio and television broadcasting to the Middle 
East region. 
‘‘(b) FUNCTION.—Mideast Network shall provide radio 
and television programming to the Middle East region con-
sistent with the broadcasting standards and broadcasting 
principles set forth in section 303 of this Act. 
‘‘(c) GRANT AGREEMENT.—Any grant agreement or 
grants under this section shall be subject to the following 
limitations and restrictions: 
‘‘(1) The Board may not make any grant to the 
nonprofit corporation, Mideast Network unless its cer-
tificate of incorporation provides that—
‘‘(A) the Board of Directors of Mideast 
Radio and Television Network, Inc. (hereinafter 
referred to as ‘the Board’) shall consist of the 
members of the Broadcasting Board of Governors 
established under section 304 and of no other 
members; and 
‘‘(B) the Board shall make all major policy 
determinations governing the operation of Mid-
103
east Network and shall appoint and fix the com-
pensation of such managerial officers and em-
ployees of Mideast Network as it considers nec-
essary to carry out the purposes of the grant pro-
vided under this title, except that no officer or 
employee may be paid a salary or other com-
pensation in excess of the rate of pay payable for 
Level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 
5315 of title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(2) Any grant agreement under this section 
shall require that any contract entered into by Mid-
east Network shall specify that obligations are as-
sumed by Mideast Network and not the United States 
Government. 
‘‘(3) Any grant agreement shall require that any 
lease agreement entered into by Mideast Network shall 
be, to the maximum extent possible, assignable to the 
United States Government. 
‘‘(4) Grants awarded under this section shall be 
made pursuant to a grant agreement which requires 
that grant funds be used only for activities consistent 
with this section, and that failure to comply with 
such requirements shall permit the grant to be termi-
nated without fiscal obligation to the United States.
104
‘‘(5) Duplication of language services and tech-
nical operations between the Mideast Radio and Tele-
vision Network, Inc., (including Radio Sawa), RFE/
RL, and the International Broadcasting Bureau will 
be reduced to the extent appropriate, as determined 
by the Board. 
‘‘(d) NOT
A
FEDERAL
AGENCY
OR
INSTRUMEN-
TALITY.—Nothing in this title may be construed to establish 
Mideast Network as a Federal agency or instrumentality, 
nor shall the officers or employees of Mideast Network be 
considered to be officers or employees of the United States 
Government. 
‘‘(e) AUDIT AUTHORITY.—
‘‘(1) Such financial transactions of Mideast Net-
work, as relate to functions carried out under this sec-
tion may be audited by the General Accounting Office 
in accordance with such principles and procedures 
and under such rules and regulations as may be pre-
scribed by the Comptroller General of the United 
States. Any such audit shall be conducted at the place 
or places where accounts of Mideast Network are nor-
mally kept. 
‘‘(2) Representatives of the General Accounting 
Office shall have access to all books, accounts, records, 
reports, files, papers, and property belonging to or in
105
use by Mideast Network pertaining to such financial 
transactions as necessary to facilitate an audit. Such 
representatives shall be afforded full facilities for 
verifying transactions with any assets held by deposi-
tories, fiscal agents, and custodians. All such books, 
accounts, records, reports, files, papers, and property 
of Mideast Network shall remain in the custody of 
Mideast Network. 
‘‘(3) Notwithstanding any other provisions of 
law, the Inspector General of the Department of State 
is authorized to exercise the authorities of the Inspec-
tor General Act with respect to the Mideast Net-
work.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(1) Section 305 of the United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6204) 
is amended—
(A) in subsection (a)(5) by striking ‘‘308 
and 309’’ and inserting ‘‘308, 309, and 310’’; 
(B) in subsection (a)(6) by striking ‘‘308 
and 309’’ and inserting ‘‘308, 309, and 310’’; 
and 
(C) in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘308 and 
309’’ and inserting ‘‘308, 309, and 310’’.
106
(2) Section 307 of the United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6206) 
is amended—
(A) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘308 and 
309’’ and inserting ‘‘308, 309, and 310’’; and 
(B) in subsection (c) by adding ‘‘Mideast 
Radio and Television Network, Inc.,’’ after 
‘‘Asia’’. 
(3) Section 304(g) of the United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 
6203(g)) is amended by striking ‘‘and Radio Free 
Asia’’ and inserting ‘‘, Radio Free Asia, and Mideast 
Radio and Television Network, Inc.’’. 
(4) Section 8332(b)(11) of title 5, United States 
Code, is amended by adding ‘‘Mideast Radio and Tel-
evision Network, Inc.;’’ after ‘‘the Asia Foundation;’’. 
SEC. 502. IMPROVING SIGNAL DELIVERY TO CUBA. 
Section 3 of the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act (22 
U.S.C. 1465a) is amended—
(1) in subsection (c) by striking the second sen-
tence and inserting ‘‘The Board is authorized to si-
multaneously utilize other broadcasting transmission 
facilities, and other frequencies, including the Ampli-
tude Modulation (AM) Band (535 kHz to 1705 kHz),
107
the Frequency Modulation (FM) Band, and the Short-
wave (SW) Band.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c) in the third sentence by 
striking ‘‘Provided, That’’ and all that follows before 
the period at the end; 
(3) in subsection (d) by striking the last sen-
tence; 
(4) by amending subsection (e) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(e) Any program of United States Government radio 
broadcasts to Cuba authorized by this section shall be des-
ignated ‘Radio Marti program’.’’; and 
(5) in subsection (f) by striking ‘‘Voice of Amer-
ica’’.
SEC. 503. REPORT CONCERNING EFFORTS TO COUNTER 
JAMMING OF BROADCASTS OF RADIO MARTI 
AND TV MARTI. 
Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report providing the fol-
lowing information: 
(1) Specific steps taken to increase the capabili-
ties of Radio Marti and TV Marti to ensure that 
broadcasts overcome jamming by the Government of 
Cuba.
108
(2) An evaluation and analysis of not less than 
10 alternate methods to counter jamming of radio 
and television broadcasts including the following: 
(A) Methods used to broadcast into Iraq in-
volving a C–130. 
(B) Methods previously used to transmit 
into the former Soviet Union and other Soviet 
bloc countries. 
(C) Successful methods employed by non-
United States Government entities, such as those 
used by the Falun Gong to overcome Chinese 
Government jamming and those recently used by 
a Cuban exile group to transmit television 
broadcasts into Cuba.
SEC. 504. PILOT PROGRAM FOR THE PROMOTION OF TRAV-
EL AND TOURISM IN THE UNITED STATES 
THROUGH UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL 
BROADCASTING. 
(a) PILOT PROGRAM.—The Broadcasting Board of 
Governors, in consultation with the Department of Com-
merce and other appropriate Federal, State, and local agen-
cies, shall conduct a pilot program for the promotion of 
travel and tourism in the United States through United 
States international broadcasting, particularly to regional
109
economies that have been affected by the decrease in tourism 
following the events of September 11, 2001. 
(b) PROGRAMMING.—The pilot program shall devote 
regular programming to broadcasting information on local-
ities of the United States with the purpose of promoting 
travel and tourism to regional economies heavily reliant on 
such tourism. 
(c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Broadcasting 
Board of Governors shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report detailing the actions taken by 
the Board in carrying out this section. 
SEC. 505. RADIO FREE ASIA BROADCASTS INTO NORTH 
KOREA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following 
findings: 
(1) North Korea’s development of nuclear weap-
ons and missile delivery systems poses one of the 
gravest security threats to the United States in the 
world. 
(2) The Kim Jong Il regime in North Korea has 
one of the worst human rights records in the world. 
On April 16, 2003, the United Nations Commission 
on Human Rights passed a resolution, ‘‘expressing its 
deep concern about reports of systemic, widespread
110
and grave violations of human rights’’ in North 
Korea. 
(3) In order to ensure its survival, the Kim Jong 
Il regime makes extensive efforts to control the flow of 
information in North Korea. 
(4) In 2002, a survey found that five of twelve 
‘‘elite’’ defectors from North Korea had listened to 
Radio Free Asia. 
(5) Radio Free Asia broadcasts only 4 hours 
each day into North Korea. 
(6) Many North Korean citizens lack radios ca-
pable of receiving Radio Free Asia broadcasts. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that the Broadcasting Board of Governors should en-
sure that Radio Free Asia increases its broadcasting with 
respect to North Korea to 24 hours each day. 
(c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, after consulting with other agencies of the United 
States Government, shall submit a report, in classified 
form, on specific measures currently being undertaken and 
measures necessary, including the provision of adequate ra-
dios, to maximize North Korean citizen access to Radio 
Free Asia and other foreign broadcasts to the Committee 
on International Relations and the Permanent Select Com-
111
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the Senate.
SEC. 
506. 
PROHIBITION 
ON 
ELIMINATION 
OF 
INTER-
NATIONAL BROADCASTING IN EASTERN EU-
ROPE. 
During the 2 year period beginning on the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Broadcasting Board of Governors 
may not eliminate foreign language broadcasting in any 
of the following languages: Bulgarian, Czech, Estonian, 
Hungarian, 
Latvian, 
Lithuanian, 
Georgian, 
Polish, 
Slovene, Slovak, Romanian, Croatian, Armenian, and 
Ukrainian. 
Subtitle B—Global Internet 
Freedom 
SEC. 521. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Global Internet Free-
dom Act of 2003’’. 
SEC. 522. FINDINGS. 
The Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and 
freedom of association are fundamental characteristics 
of a free society. The first amendment to the Constitu-
tion of the United States guarantees that ‘‘Congress 
shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of
112
speech, or of the press; or the right of the people 
peaceably to assemble.’’ These constitutional provi-
sions guarantee the rights of Americans to commu-
nicate and associate with one another without restric-
tion, including unfettered communication and asso-
ciation via the Internet. Article 19 of the United Na-
tion’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights explic-
itly guarantees the freedom to ‘‘receive and impart 
information and ideas through any media and re-
gardless of frontiers’’. 
(2) All people have the right to communicate 
freely with others, and to have unrestricted access to 
news and information, on the Internet. 
(3) With nearly 10 percent of the world’s popu-
lation now online, and more gaining access each day, 
the Internet stands to become the most powerful en-
gine for democratization and the free exchange of 
ideas ever invented. 
(4) The governments of Burma, Cuba, Laos, 
North Korea, the People’s Republic of China, Saudi 
Arabia, Syria, and Vietnam, among others, are tak-
ing active measures to keep their citizens from freely 
accessing the Internet and obtaining international po-
litical, religious, and economic news and information.
113
(5) The Voice of America and Radio Free Asia, 
as well as hundreds of news sources with an Internet 
presence, are routinely being jammed by repressive 
governments. 
(6) Since the 1940s, the United States has de-
ployed anti-jamming technologies to make Voice of 
America and other United States Government spon-
sored broadcasting available to people in nations with 
governments that seek to block news and information. 
(7) The United States Government has thus far 
commenced only modest steps to fund and deploy 
technologies to defeat Internet censorship. 
(8) The success of United States policy in sup-
port of freedom of speech, press, and association re-
quires continued efforts to defeat totalitarian and au-
thoritarian controls on news and information over the 
Internet. 
SEC. 523. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this subtitle are—
(1) to adopt an effective and robust global Inter-
net freedom policy; 
(2) to establish an office within the Broadcasting 
Board of Governors with the sole mission of coun-
tering Internet jamming and blocking by utilizing 
available anti-jamming technology;
114
(3) to expedite the development and deployment 
of technology to protect Internet freedom around the 
world; and 
(4) to bring to bear the pressure of the free world 
on repressive governments guilty of Internet censor-
ship and the intimidation and persecution of their 
citizens who use the Internet. 
SEC. 524. DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF TECH-
NOLOGIES TO DEFEAT INTERNET JAMMING 
AND CENSORSHIP. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF OFFICE OF GLOBAL INTER-
NET FREEDOM.—The Broadcasting Board of Governors 
shall establish an Office of Global Internet Freedom (herein-
after in this subtitle referred to as the ‘‘Office’’). The Office 
shall develop and implement a comprehensive global strat-
egy to combat state-sponsored and state-directed Internet 
jamming and persecution of those who use the Internet. 
(b) COOPERATION OF OTHER FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS 
AND AGENCIES.—Each department and agency of the 
United States Government shall cooperate fully with, and 
assist in the implementation of, the strategy developed by 
the Office and shall make such resources and information 
available to the Office as is necessary to the achievement 
of the purposes of this subtitle.
115
(c) COOPERATION WITH DEPARTMENT OF STATE.—
The Office shall assist the Secretary of State in preparing 
portions of the country reports on human rights practices 
that address Internet accessibility. 
(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Nine months after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Broadcasting Board 
of Governors shall submit to the Congress a report on the 
status of foreign government interference with Internet use 
and of efforts by the United States to counter such inter-
ference. The report shall list the countries that pursue poli-
cies of Internet censorship, blocking, and other abuses; pro-
vide information concerning the government agencies or 
quasi-governmental organizations that implement Internet 
censorship; and describe with the greatest particularity 
practicable the technological means by which such blocking 
and other abuses are accomplished. In the discretion of the 
Broadcasting Board of Governors, such report may be sub-
mitted in both a classified and nonclassified version. One 
year after the date of submission of such report, the Office 
shall submit a second report. 
(e) LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY.—Nothing in this sub-
title shall be interpreted to authorize any action by the 
United States to interfere with foreign national censorship 
in furtherance of legitimate law enforcement aims con-
sistent with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
116
Subtitle 
C—Reorganization 
of 
United 
States 
International 
Broadcasting 
SEC. 531. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES INTER-
NATIONAL BROADCASTING AGENCY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 304 of the United States 
International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6203) 
is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 304. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES INTER-
NATIONAL BROADCASTING AGENCY. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established as an 
independent agency in the executive branch the United 
States International Broadcasting Agency (hereinafter in 
this Act referred to as the ‘Agency’). 
‘‘(b) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE AGENCY.—
‘‘(1) HEAD OF AGENCY.—The Agency shall be 
headed by the Board of Governors of the United 
States International Broadcasting Agency (herein-
after in this Act referred to as the ‘Board of Gov-
ernors’). 
‘‘(2) AUTHORITIES AND FUNCTIONS.—The Board 
of Goverors shall—
‘‘(A) carry out the authorities and functions 
of the Agency under section 305; and
117
‘‘(B) be responsible for the exercise of all au-
thorities and powers and the discharge of all du-
ties and functions of the Agency. 
‘‘(3) COMPOSITION
OF
THE
BOARD
OF
GOV-
ERNORS.—
‘‘(A) The Board of Governors shall consist 
of 9 members, as follows: 
‘‘(i) Eight voting members who shall be 
appointed by the President, by and with the 
advice and consent of the Senate. 
‘‘(ii) The Secretary of State who shall 
also be a voting member. 
‘‘(B) The President shall appoint one mem-
ber (other than the Secretary of State) as Chair 
of the Board of Governors, subject to the advice 
and consent of the Senate. 
‘‘(C) Exclusive of the Secretary of State, not 
more than 4 of the members of the Board of Gov-
ernors appointed by the President shall be of the 
same political party. 
‘‘(4) TERM OF OFFICE.—The term of office of 
each member of the Board of Governors shall be three 
years, except that the Secretary of State shall remain 
a member of the Board of Governors during the Sec-
retary’s term of service. The President shall appoint,
118
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, 
board members to fill vacancies occurring prior to the 
expiration of a term, in which case the members so 
appointed shall serve for the remainder of such term. 
Any member whose term has expired may serve until 
a successor has been appointed and qualified. When 
there is no Secretary of State, the Acting Secretary of 
State shall serve as a member of the board until a 
Secretary is appointed. 
‘‘(5) SELECTION OF BOARD OF GOVERNORS.—
Members of the Board of Governors appointed by the 
President shall be citizens of the United States who 
are not regular full-time employees of the United 
States Government. Such members shall be selected by 
the President from among Americans distinguished in 
the fields of mass communications, print, broadcast 
media, or foreign affairs. 
‘‘(6) COMPENSATION.—Members of the Board of 
Governors, while attending meetings of the board or 
while engaged in duties relating to such meetings or 
in other activities of the board pursuant to this sec-
tion (including travel time) shall be entitled to receive 
compensation equal to the daily equivalent of the 
compensation prescribed for level IV of the Executive 
Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States
119
Code. While away from their homes or regular places 
of business, members of the board may be allowed 
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsist-
ence, as authorized by law for persons in the Govern-
ment service employed intermittently. The Secretary 
of State shall not be entitled to any compensation 
under this title, but may be allowed travel expenses 
as provided under this subsection. 
‘‘(7) DECISIONS.—Decisions of the Board of Gov-
ernors shall be made by majority vote, a quorum 
being present. A quorum shall consist of 5 members. 
‘‘(8) IMMUNITY
FROM
CIVIL
LIABILITY.—Not-
withstanding any other provision of law, any and all 
limitations on liability that apply to the members of 
the Board of Governors also shall apply to such mem-
bers when acting in their capacities as members of the 
boards of directors of RFE/RL, Incorporated and 
Radio Free Asia. 
‘‘(c) DIRECTOR.—
‘‘(1) APPOINTMENT.—The Board of Governors 
shall appoint a Director of the Agency. The Director 
shall receive basic pay at the rate payable for level III 
of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 
5, United States Code. The Director may be removed 
through a majority vote of the Board.
120
‘‘(2) FUNCTIONS
AND
DUTIES.—The Director 
shall have the following functions and duties: 
‘‘(A) To exercise the authorities delegated by 
the Board of Governors pursuant to section 
305(b). 
‘‘(B) To carry out all broadcasting activi-
ties conducted pursuant to this title, the Radio 
Broadcasting to Cuba Act, and the Television 
Broadcasting to Cuba Act. 
‘‘(C) To examine and make recommenda-
tions to the Board of Governors on long-term 
strategies for the future of international broad-
casting, including the use of new technologies. 
‘‘(D) To review engineering activities to en-
sure that all broadcasting elements receive the 
highest quality and cost-effective delivery serv-
ices. 
‘‘(E) To procure supplies, services, and 
other personal property to carry out the func-
tions of the Agency. 
‘‘(F) To obligate and expend, for official re-
ception 
and 
representation 
expenses, 
such 
amounts as may be made available through ap-
propriations.
121
‘‘(G) To provide for the use of United States 
Government transmitter capacity for relay of 
broadcasting by grantees. 
‘‘(H) To procure temporary and intermit-
tent personal services to the same extent as is au-
thorized by section 3109 of title 5, United States 
Code, at rates not to exceed the daily equivalent 
of the rate provided for positions classified above 
grade GS–15 of the General Schedule under sec-
tion 5108 of title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(I) To procure for the Agency, pursuant to 
section 1535 of title 31, United States Code goods 
and services from other departments or agencies. 
‘‘(J) To the extent funds are available, to 
lease space and acquire personal property for the 
Agency. 
‘‘(d) INSPECTOR GENERAL AUTHORITIES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Inspector General of the 
Department of State shall exercise the same authori-
ties with respect to the Agency as the Inspector Gen-
eral exercises under the Inspector General Act of 1978 
and section 209 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 
with respect to the Department of State. 
‘‘(2) RESPECT FOR JOURNALISTIC INTEGRITY OF 
BROADCASTERS.—The Inspector General of the De-
122
partment of State and the Foreign Service shall re-
spect the journalistic integrity of all the broadcasters 
covered by this title and may not evaluate the philo-
sophical or political perspectives reflected in the con-
tent of broadcasts.’’. 
(b) RETENTION OF EXISTING BOARD MEMBERS.—The 
members of the Broadcasting Board of Governors appointed 
by the President pursuant to section 304 of the United 
States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 on the day 
before the effective date of this title and holding office as 
of that date may serve the remainder of their terms of office 
as members of the Board of Governors established under sec-
tion 304(b) of the United States International Broadcasting 
Act of 1994, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, 
without reappointment, or if their term has expired may 
serve until a successor is appointed and qualified. 
SEC. 532. AUTHORITIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE AGENCY. 
Section 305 of the United States International Broad-
casting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6204) is amended to read 
as follows:
‘‘SEC. 305. AUTHORITIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE AGENCY. 
‘‘(a) The Agency shall have the following authorities 
and functions: 
‘‘(1) To supervise all broadcasting activities con-
ducted pursuant to this title, the Radio Broadcasting
123
to Cuba Act, and the Television Broadcasting to Cuba 
Act. 
‘‘(2) To review and evaluate the mission and op-
eration of, and to assess the quality, effectiveness, and 
professional integrity of, all such activities within the 
context of the broad foreign policy objectives of the 
United States and the guiding principles and doc-
trines of the United States, particularly freedom and 
democracy. 
‘‘(3) To develop strategic goals after reviewing 
human rights reporting and other reliable assessments 
to assist in determining programming and resource 
allocation. 
‘‘(4) To ensure that United States international 
broadcasting is conducted in accordance with the 
standards and principles contained in section 303. 
‘‘(5) To review, evaluate, and determine, at least 
annually, after consultation with the Secretary of 
State, the addition or deletion of language services. 
‘‘(6) To make and supervise grants for broad-
casting and related activities in accordance with sec-
tions 308 and 309. 
‘‘(7) To allocate funds appropriated for inter-
national broadcasting activities among the various 
elements of the Agency and grantees, subject to the
124
limitations in sections 308 and 309 and subject to re-
programming notification requirements in law for the 
reallocation of funds. 
‘‘(8) To undertake such studies as may be nec-
essary to identify areas in which broadcasting activi-
ties under its authority could be made more efficient 
and economical. 
‘‘(9) To submit to the President and the Congress 
an annual report which summarizes and evaluates 
activities under this title, the Radio Broadcasting to 
Cuba Act, and the Television Broadcasting to Cuba 
Act, placing special emphasis on the assessment de-
scribed in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(10) To make available in the annual report re-
quired by paragraph (9) information on funds ex-
pended on administrative and managerial services by 
the Agency and by grantees and the steps the Agency 
has taken to reduce unnecessary overhead costs for 
each of the broadcasting services. 
‘‘(11) To utilize the provisions of titles III, IV, 
V, VII, VIII, IX, and X of the United States Informa-
tion and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, and sec-
tion 6 of Reorganization Plan Number 2 of 1977, as 
in effect on the day before the effective date of title 
XIII of the Foreign Affairs Agencies Consolidation
125
Act of 1998, to the extent the Director considers nec-
essary in carrying out the provisions and purposes 
of this title. 
‘‘(12) To utilize the authorities of any other stat-
ute, reorganization plan, Executive order, regulation, 
agreement, determination, or other official document 
or proceeding that had been available to the Director 
of the United States Information Agency, the Bureau, 
or the Board before the effective date of title XIII of 
the Foreign Affairs Consolidation Act of 1998 for car-
rying out the broadcasting activities covered by this 
title. 
‘‘(b) DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY.—The Board of Gov-
ernors may delegate to the Director of the Agency, or any 
other officer or employee of the United States, the authori-
ties provided in this section, except those authorities pro-
vided in paragraph (1), (2), (4), (5), (6), (7), or (9) of sub-
section (a). 
‘‘(c) BROADCASTING BUDGETS.—The Director and the 
grantees identified in sections 308 and 309 shall submit 
proposed budgets to the Board. The Board shall forward its 
recommendations concerning the proposed budget for the 
Board and broadcasting activities under this title, the 
Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act, and the Television Broad-
126
casting to Cuba Act to the Office of Management and Budg-
et.’’. 
SEC. 533. ROLE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. 
Section 306 of the United States International Broad-
casting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6205) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 306. ROLE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. 
‘‘To assist the Agency in carrying out its functions, 
the Secretary of State shall provide such information and 
guidance on foreign policy and public diplomacy issues to 
the Agency as the Secretary considers appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 534. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS. 
The United States International Broadcasting Act of 
1994 is amended by striking section 307 and inserting the 
following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 307. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS. 
‘‘(a) OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES.—The Board of Gov-
ernors may appoint and fix the compensation of such offi-
cers and employees as may be necessary to carry out the 
functions of the Agency. Except as otherwise provided by 
law, such officers and employees shall be appointed in ac-
cordance with the civil service laws and their compensation 
shall be fixed in accordance with title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(b) EXPERTS
AND CONSULTANTS.—The Board of 
Governors, as may be provided in appropriation Acts, may
127
obtain the services of experts and consultants in accordance 
with section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, and may 
compensate such experts and consultants at rates not to ex-
ceed the daily rate prescribed for level IV of the Executive 
Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(c) ACCEPTANCE OF VOLUNTARY SERVICES.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Notwithstanding section 
1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Board of 
Governors may accept, subject to regulations issued by 
the Office of Personnel Management, voluntary serv-
ices if such services—
‘‘(A) are to be uncompensated; and 
‘‘(B) are not used to displace any employee. 
‘‘(2) TREATMENT.—Any individual who provides 
voluntary services under this section shall not be con-
sidered a Federal employee for any purpose other 
than for purposes of chapter 81 of title 5, United 
States Code (relating to compensation for injury) and 
sections 2671 through 2680 of title 28, United States 
Code (relating to tort claims). 
‘‘(d) DELEGATION.—Except as otherwise provided in 
this Act, the Board of Governors may delegate any function 
to the Director and such other officers and employees of the 
Agency as the Board of Governors may designate, and may
128
authorize such successive redelegations of such functions 
within the Agency as may be necessary or appropriate. 
‘‘(e) CONTRACTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the Federal Prop-
erty and Administrative Services Act of 1949 and 
other applicable Federal law, the Board of Governors 
may make, enter into, and perform such contracts, 
grants, leases, cooperative agreements, and other simi-
lar transactions with Federal or other public agencies 
(including State and local governments) and private 
organizations and persons, and to make such pay-
ments, by way of advance or reimbursement, as the 
Board of Governors may determine necessary or ap-
propriate to carry out functions of the Board of Gov-
ernors or the Agency. 
‘‘(2) APPROPRIATION
AUTHORITY
REQUIRED.—
No authority to enter into contracts or to make pay-
ments under this title shall be effective except to such 
extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance 
under appropriation Acts. 
‘‘(f) REGULATIONS.—The Director may prescribe such 
rules and regulations as the Board of Governors considers 
necessary or appropriate to administer and manage the 
functions of the Agency, in accordance with chapter 5 of 
title 5, United States Code.
129
‘‘(g) SEAL.—The Director shall cause a seal of office 
to be made for the Agency of such design as the Board of 
Governors shall approve. Judicial notice shall be taken of 
such seal.’’. 
SEC. 535. BROADCASTING BOARD OF GOVERNORS AND 
INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING BUREAU. 
The Broadcasting Board of Governors and the Inter-
national Broadcasting Bureau are abolished. 
SEC. 536. TRANSITION. 
(a) TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS.—Except as otherwise 
provided in this subtitle or an amendment made by this 
subtitle, all functions that on the day before the effective 
date specified in section 540 are authorized to be performed 
by the Broadcasting Board of Governors and the Inter-
national Broadcasting Bureau and any officer, employee, 
or component of such entities, under any statute, reorga-
nization plan, Executive order, or other provision of law, 
are transferred to the Agency established under this title 
effective on that date. 
(b) DETERMINATION OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS.—If nec-
essary, the Office of Management and Budget shall make 
any determination of the functions that are transferred 
under this title. 
(c) TRANSITION PROVISIONS.—
210
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that the Secretary of State should work to establish a joint 
working group with the Government of Kazakhstan to assist 
in assessing the environmental damage and health effects 
caused by Soviet nuclear testing in Semipalatinsk.
SEC. 735. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO VIOLENCE 
AGAINST WOMEN. 
The Congress—
(1) recalls that Article 4 of the United Nations 
Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against 
Women (20 December 1993) outlines that states 
should condemn violence against women and should 
not invoke any custom, tradition, or religious consid-
eration to avoid their obligations with respect to its 
elimination; 
(2) recalls that Chapter 4, Section 125, of the 
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, Fourth 
World Conference on Women (15 September 1995) 
states that governments condemn violence against 
women and refrain from invoking any custom, tradi-
tion, or religious consideration to avoid their obliga-
tions with respect to its elimination as set out in the 
Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against 
Women;