H. R. 6—281
‘‘(6) DEMONSTRATION.—The term ‘demonstration’ means 
demonstration of technology in a pilot plant or semi-works 
scale facility.’’; and 
(5) by striking paragraph (9) (as redesignated by paragraph 
(2)) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(9) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘National Labora-
tory’ has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005.’’ 
(b) COOPERATION AND COORDINATION IN BIOMASS RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT.—Section 304 of the Biomass Research and 
Development Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 
note) is amended— 
(1) in subsections (a) and (d), by striking ‘‘industrial prod-
ucts’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘fuels and biobased 
products’’; 
(2) by striking subsections (b) and (c); and 
(3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (b). 
(c) BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD.—Section 305 
of the Biomass Research and Development Act of 2000 (Public 
Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ‘‘industrial prod-
ucts’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘fuels and biobased 
products’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘304(d)(1)(B)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘304(b)(1)(B)’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘304(d)(1)(A)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘304(b)(1)(A)’’; and 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) ensure that— 
‘‘(A) solicitations are open and competitive with awards 
made annually; and 
‘‘(B) objectives and evaluation criteria of the solicita-
tions are clearly stated and minimally prescriptive, with 
no areas of special interest; and 
‘‘(4) ensure that the panel of scientific and technical peers 
assembled under section 307(g)(1)(C) to review proposals is 
composed predominantly of independent experts selected from 
outside the Departments of Agriculture and Energy.’’. 
(d) 
BIOMASS
RESEARCH
AND
DEVELOPMENT
TECHNICAL 
ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—Section 306 of the Biomass Research and 
Development Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 
note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘biobased indus-
trial products’’ and inserting ‘‘biofuels’’; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (J) 
as subparagraphs (C) through (K), respectively; 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following: 
‘‘(B) an individual affiliated with the biobased indus-
trial and commercial products industry;’’;
H. R. 6—282
(D) in subparagraph (F) (as redesignated by subpara-
graph (B)) by striking ‘‘an individual has’’ and inserting 
‘‘2 individuals have’’; 
(E) in subparagraphs (C), (D), (G), and (I) (as redesig-
nated by subparagraph (B)) by striking ‘‘industrial prod-
ucts’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘fuels and 
biobased products’’; and 
(F) in subparagraph (H) (as redesignated by subpara-
graph (B)), by inserting ‘‘and environmental’’ before ‘‘anal-
ysis’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)(2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘goals’’ and 
inserting ‘‘objectives, purposes, and considerations’’; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following: 
‘‘(B) solicitations are open and competitive with awards 
made annually and that objectives and evaluation criteria 
of the solicitations are clearly stated and minimally 
prescriptive, with no areas of special interest;’’; and 
(D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated by subpara-
graph (B)) by inserting ‘‘predominantly from outside the 
Departments of Agriculture and Energy’’ after ‘‘technical 
peers’’. 
(e) BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE.—Section 
307 of the Biomass Research and Development Act of 2000 (Public 
Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘research on biobased 
industrial products’’ and inserting ‘‘research on, and develop-
ment and demonstration of, biobased fuels and biobased prod-
ucts, and the methods, practices and technologies, for their 
production’’; and 
(2) by striking subsections (b) through (e) and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(b) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Initiative are to 
develop— 
‘‘(1) technologies and processes necessary for abundant 
commercial production of biobased fuels at prices competitive 
with fossil fuels; 
‘‘(2) high-value biobased products— 
‘‘(A) to enhance the economic viability of biobased fuels 
and power; and 
‘‘(B) as substitutes for petroleum-based feedstocks and 
products; and 
‘‘(3) a diversity of sustainable domestic sources of biomass 
for conversion to biobased fuels and biobased products. 
‘‘(c) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the Initiative are— 
‘‘(1) to increase the energy security of the United States; 
‘‘(2) to create jobs and enhance the economic development 
of the rural economy; 
‘‘(3) to enhance the environment and public health; and 
‘‘(4) to diversify markets for raw agricultural and forestry 
products. 
‘‘(d) TECHNICAL AREAS.—To advance the objectives and purposes 
of the Initiative, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary
H. R. 6—283
of Energy, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency and heads of other appropriate depart-
ments and agencies (referred to in this section as the ‘Secretaries’), 
shall direct research and development toward— 
‘‘(1) feedstock production through the development of crops 
and cropping systems relevant to production of raw materials 
for conversion to biobased fuels and biobased products, 
including— 
‘‘(A) development of advanced and dedicated crops with 
desired features, including enhanced productivity, broader 
site range, low requirements for chemical inputs, and 
enhanced processing; 
‘‘(B) advanced crop production methods to achieve the 
features described in subparagraph (A); 
‘‘(C) feedstock harvest, handling, transport, and stor-
age; and 
‘‘(D) strategies for integrating feedstock production into 
existing managed land; 
‘‘(2) overcoming recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass through 
developing technologies for converting cellulosic biomass into 
intermediates that can subsequently be converted into biobased 
fuels and biobased products, including— 
‘‘(A) pretreatment in combination with enzymatic or 
microbial hydrolysis; and 
‘‘(B) thermochemical approaches, including gasification 
and pyrolysis; 
‘‘(3) product diversification through technologies relevant 
to production of a range of biobased products (including chemi-
cals, animal feeds, and cogenerated power) that eventually 
can increase the feasibility of fuel production in a biorefinery, 
including— 
‘‘(A) catalytic processing, including thermochemical fuel 
production; 
‘‘(B) metabolic engineering, enzyme engineering, and 
fermentation systems for biological production of desired 
products or cogeneration of power; 
‘‘(C) product recovery; 
‘‘(D) power production technologies; and 
‘‘(E) integration into existing biomass processing facili-
ties, including starch ethanol plants, paper mills, and power 
plants; and 
‘‘(4) analysis that provides strategic guidance for the 
application of biomass technologies in accordance with realiza-
tion of improved sustainability and environmental quality, cost 
effectiveness, security, and rural economic development, usually 
featuring system-wide approaches. 
‘‘(e) ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS.—Within the technical areas 
described in subsection (d), and in addition to advancing the pur-
poses described in subsection (c) and the objectives described in 
subsection (b), the Secretaries shall support research and develop-
ment— 
‘‘(1) to create continuously expanding opportunities for 
participants in existing biofuels production by seeking synergies 
and continuity with current technologies and practices, such 
as the use of dried distillers grains as a bridge feedstock; 
‘‘(2) to maximize the environmental, economic, and social 
benefits of production of biobased fuels and biobased products
H. R. 6—284
on a large scale through life-cycle economic and environmental 
analysis and other means; and 
‘‘(3) to assess the potential of Federal land and land 
management programs as feedstock resources for biobased fuels 
and biobased products, consistent with the integrity of soil 
and water resources and with other environmental consider-
ations. 
‘‘(f) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible for a grant, contract, 
or assistance under this section, an applicant shall be— 
‘‘(1) an institution of higher education; 
‘‘(2) a National Laboratory; 
‘‘(3) a Federal research agency; 
‘‘(4) a State research agency; 
‘‘(5) a private sector entity; 
‘‘(6) a nonprofit organization; or 
‘‘(7) a consortium of two or more entities described in 
paragraphs (1) through (6). 
‘‘(g) ADMINISTRATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—After consultation with the Board, the 
points of contact shall— 
‘‘(A) publish annually one or more joint requests for 
proposals for grants, contracts, and assistance under this 
section; 
‘‘(B) require that grants, contracts, and assistance 
under this section be awarded competitively, on the basis 
of merit, after the establishment of procedures that provide 
for scientific peer review by an independent panel of sci-
entific and technical peers; and 
‘‘(C) give some preference to applications that— 
‘‘(i) involve a consortia of experts from multiple 
institutions; 
‘‘(ii) encourage the integration of disciplines and 
application of the best technical resources; and 
‘‘(iii) increase the geographic diversity of dem-
onstration projects. 
‘‘(2) DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDING BY TECHNICAL AREA.—Of 
the funds authorized to be appropriated for activities described 
in this section, funds shall be distributed for each of fiscal 
years 2007 through 2010 so as to achieve an approximate 
distribution of— 
‘‘(A) 20 percent of the funds to carry out activities 
for feedstock production under subsection (d)(1); 
‘‘(B) 45 percent of the funds to carry out activities 
for overcoming recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass under 
subsection (d)(2); 
‘‘(C) 30 percent of the funds to carry out activities 
for product diversification under subsection (d)(3); and 
‘‘(D) 5 percent of the funds to carry out activities for 
strategic guidance under subsection (d)(4). 
‘‘(3) DISTRIBUTION
OF
FUNDING
WITHIN
EACH
TECHNICAL 
AREA.—Within each technical area described in paragraphs (1) 
through (3) of subsection (d), funds shall be distributed for 
each of fiscal years 2007 through 2010 so as to achieve an 
approximate distribution of— 
‘‘(A) 15 percent of the funds for applied fundamentals; 
‘‘(B) 35 percent of the funds for innovation; and 
‘‘(C) 50 percent of the funds for demonstration.