from a wide variety of both domestic and global 
policy and practice leaders. 
(C) CULTURAL
SENSITIVITY.—In devel-
oping policies under this Act, the Coordinator 
should take into account cultural norms for 
each country to the extent consistent with the 
overall purposes of this Act. 
(D) PRINCIPLE OF SUBSIDIARITY.—In de-
veloping policies and programs under this Act, 
the Coordinator should— 
(i) attempt to reunify children with 
their family before pursuing adoption, legal 
kinship or legal guardianship and domestic 
adoption; and 
(ii) ensure that reasonable efforts 
have been made to provide permanent pa-
rental care domestically before inter-
national. 
(E) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Coor-
dinator shall provide technical assistance to for-
eign countries to help build their capacities to 
strengthen family preservation, reunification, 
and permanent parental care policies, services, 
and practices, including— 
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(i) assistance with the drafting, dis-
seminating, and implementing of legisla-
tion for family preservation and reunifica-
tion and the provision of permanent paren-
tal care; 
(ii) assistance with the development of 
systems designed to support family preser-
vation, reunification and permanent paren-
tal care for institutionalized orphans; 
(iii) assistance with the establishment 
of public, private, and faith- and commu-
nity-based partnerships designed to sup-
port the preservation and reunification of 
families and permanent parental care for 
orphans; 
(iv) assistance with the development 
of workforce training for governmental and 
nongovernmental staff working to support 
the preservation and reunification of fami-
lies and permanent parental care for or-
phans; and 
(v) assistance with infrastructure de-
velopment and data collection techniques 
necessary to— 
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(I) support the biennial census 
required under paragraph (6)(A); 
(II) collect permanency indicators 
described in paragraph (6)(B); 
(III) collect the data necessary to 
determine to what extent countries 
meet the minimum standards de-
scribed in section 103; and 
(IV) organizing exchanges for 
child welfare, adoption, and other so-
cial service professionals working to 
support the preservation and reunifi-
cation of families and permanent pa-
rental care for orphans. 
(F) PRESERVATION OF THE FAMILY AND 
PERMANENT PARENTAL CARE CONFERENCE.— 
In fiscal year 2011, and every 2 years there-
after, the Secretary of State— 
(i) shall conduct a conference on best 
practices and successful strategies for the 
preservation and reunification of families 
and the provision of permanent parental 
care for orphans; 
(ii) share and address key issues rel-
ative to— 
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(I) the most current biennial cen-
sus data collected under paragraph 
(6)(A); 
(II) the permanency indicator 
data 
collected 
under 
paragraph 
(6)(B); and 
(III) the data collected from the 
Global Best Practices Pilot Program 
under section 104(c); 
(iii) disseminate information regard-
ing best practices for building country and 
regional capacity to decrease the number 
of orphans; 
(iv) disseminate information regarding 
strategies for financially sustaining activi-
ties to support family preservation and re-
unification and permanent parental care; 
(v) disseminate information regarding 
best practices in international adoption 
and in preventing corruption; and 
(vi) disseminate best methods and 
practices for assessing progress and quality 
for moving children into permanent paren-
tal care in a safe and timely way. 
(4) COORDINATION.— 
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(A) IN GENERAL.—The Office shall coordi-
nate the foreign policy and assistance of the 
United States in support of— 
(i) families at risk of dissolution; and 
(ii) orphans in need of permanent pa-
rental care. 
(B) COORDINATION
BETWEEN
DOMESTIC 
AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY.—To the extent 
possible, the Coordinator shall work with the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services to 
maintain consistency between United States 
foreign and domestic policy on family preserva-
tion and reunification and permanent parental 
care. 
(5) COMMUNICATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Office shall build 
global awareness of its purpose and activities. 
(B) WEBSITE.—To carry out subpara-
graph (A), the Office shall maintain a Website 
that includes— 
(i) a description of the global prob-
lems related to orphans and children in in-
stitutional and temporary non-family care; 
(ii) the status of activities being car-
ried out by the Office; 
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(iii) the progress made by the Office 
to achieve its goals; 
(iv) current research, reports, policy, 
training opportunities, evaluation, and 
methodology describing best practices; 
(v) information collected by the bien-
nial census under paragraph (6)(A); 
(vi) permanency indicators collected 
under paragraph (6)(B); 
(vii) the annual report submitted to 
Congress under paragraph (6)(C); 
(viii) the status of site results for the 
study of global best practices conducted 
under section 104(c)(1); 
(ix) requests for proposals, grant or 
contract awards, amounts, purposes, and 
lessons learned during implementation; and 
(x) a summary of the scope and 
progress of country projects funded by the 
Office. 
(6) 
REPORTS, 
RESEARCH, 
AND
ASSESS-
MENTS.— 
(A) BIENNIAL
CENSUS
OF
CHILDREN 
WITHOUT PERMANENT PARENTAL CARE.— 
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(i) IN GENERAL.—Not later than De-
cember 31, 2010, and every 2 years there-
after, the Office shall develop, oversee, 
support, and publish the results of a cen-
sus of all children who live outside perma-
nent parental care. The census shall enu-
merate the number of children, categorized 
by sex and age, who reside— 
(I) in a public or private orphan-
age; 
(II) in a hospital or other med-
ical institution or treatment facility; 
(III) in temporary or long-term 
family-based foster care; 
(IV) in a group home; 
(V) in a residential or congrega-
tional facility, regardless of the avail-
ability of treatment services; 
(VI) in kinship care without legal 
status or the presence of adult family 
members; or 
(VII) in a dormitory or other 
permanent or temporary living situa-
tion in which a government or non-
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governmental organization places chil-
dren who do not have parental care. 
(ii) CENSUS
COUNTRIES.—The data 
collected under clause (i) shall include all 
member countries of the United Nations. 
(iii) 
DELEGATE.—The 
Coordinator 
may delegate the responsibility for con-
ducting the census to a third party if— 
(I) such party has expertise in 
human or social services and inter-
national quantitative data collection 
and analysis; and 
(II) such a delegation is con-
sistent with the overall goals of this 
Act. 
(B) PERMANENCY INDICATORS FOR CHIL-
DREN
WITHOUT
PERMANENT
PARENTAL 
CARE.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Office shall 
collect available data related to a series of 
policy and practice indicators on the capac-
ity of foreign governments to offer perma-
nency as an option for orphaned children. 
(ii) 
DATA.—Data 
collected 
under 
clause (i) shall include— 
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(I) the number of families pro-
vided preservation services and the 
number of such families that re-
mained intact after receiving such 
services; 
(II) the number of children in in-
stitutions who were reunified with 
their respective families; 
(III) the number of children 
placed in a permanent family through 
domestic adoption and the living situ-
ation of such children before such per-
manent placement; 
(IV) the number of children who 
were placed in a permanent family 
through legal guardianship and their 
living situation before such permanent 
placement; 
(V) the number of children who 
were placed in a permanent family 
through international adoption and 
the living situation of such children 
before such permanent placement; 
(VI) the number of children who 
were placed in legal or informal kin-
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ship care and their placement pre-kin-
ship care; 
(VII) the number of children who 
moved from temporary foster care to 
long-term foster care; 
(VIII) the number of children 
who re-entered institutional care after 
moving into permanent parental care; 
and 
(IX) the length of time children 
are spending in institutional or foster 
care. 
(iii) 
DELEGATE.—The 
Coordinator 
may delegate the responsibility for col-
lecting data on permanency indicators 
under this paragraph to a third party if— 
(I) the third party has expertise 
in human or social services and inter-
national quantitative data collection; 
and 
(II) such a delegation is con-
sistent with the overall goals of this 
Act. 
(iv) 
CONSULTATION.—The 
Coordi-
nator may consult with the Millennium 
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Challenge Corporation, the Department of 
Homeland Security, the United States 
Agency for International Development, the 
United Nations, the United States Depart-
ment of Health and Human Services, 
UNICEF, the World Health Organization, 
and other aid- or child welfare-related net-
works and organizations to— 
(I) identify and expand existing 
reporting networks; and 
(II) refine common definitions of 
indicators. 
(v) UNITED
STATES
INDICATORS.— 
The Secretary of Health and Human Serv-
ices shall provide the Coordinator with the 
information required to be collected under 
this paragraph relating to individuals and 
families residing in the United States. 
(vi) REPORT.—Not later than Decem-
ber 31, 2011, and every 2 years thereafter, 
the Office shall publish a report that in-
cludes the data described in clause (ii). 
(C) ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not 
later than September 1 of each year, the Sec-
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retary of State shall submit to Congress an an-
nual report that includes— 
(i) a description of the global status of 
orphans; 
(ii) a description of the activities of 
the Office in support of family preservation 
and reunification and permanent parental 
care for orphans; 
(iii) estimates from the most recent 
biennial census of the number of children 
living without permanent parental care; 
(iv) a description of the status of fam-
ily preservation, reunification, and perma-
nent parental care initiatives underway in 
each foreign country receiving financial as-
sistance under this Act; 
(v) a description of— 
(I) the major challenges faced by 
governments that are resulting in an 
increase in the numbers of orphans; 
and 
(II) barriers which are preventing 
governments from achieving perma-
nent parental care for orphans; 
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(vi) trends in increasing or decreasing 
risks for orphans and families at risk of 
dissolution; 
(vii) a listing of the governments that 
do not meet minimum standards described 
in section 103(a); 
(viii) trends toward improvement in 
family preservation and reunification; 
(ix) trends in domestic and inter-
national adoption, foster care, and institu-
tional care; 
(x) the most current permanency indi-
cators described in subparagraph (B); and 
(xi) movement toward implementation 
of permanency related laws and conven-
tions. 
(7) GRANTS.—The Office shall oversee the pro-
vision of technical and financial assistance, including 
grants, pilot programs, and demonstrations, to gov-
ernments and nongovernmental organizations to pro-
mote family preservation, reunification, and perma-
nent parental care for orphans. 
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SEC. 102. POLICY COORDINATING COMMITTEE IN SUPPORT 
OF ORPHAN POLICY, DIPLOMACY, AND DE-
VELOPMENT. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish 
an interagency policy coordinating committee (referred to 
in this section as the ‘‘Policy Coordinating Committee’’), 
which shall monitor and support international efforts in 
family preservation, family reunification, and permanent 
parental care for orphans. 
(b) APPOINTMENT.—The President shall appoint the 
members of the Policy Coordinating Committee, which 
shall include— 
(1) the Secretary of State, who shall serve as 
Chair; 
(2) the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development; 
(3) the Attorney General; 
(4) the Secretary of Health and Human Serv-
ices; 
(5) the Secretary of Homeland Security; and 
(6) any other Government official appointed by 
the President. 
(c) ACTIVITIES OF COMMITTEE.—The Policy Coordi-
nating Committee shall provide advice to the Office for 
Orphan Policy Diplomacy and Development regarding— 
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(1) the development of a comprehensive global 
strategy in accordance with the minimum standards 
of this Act; 
(2) financial support of programs that assist 
countries in developing child welfare systems that— 
(A) preserve and reunify families; and 
(B) provide permanent parental care for 
orphans. 
(3) advocacy efforts with governments, non-
governmental organizations, and other entities to ad-
vance the purposes of this Act; and 
(4) the collection of data through significant re-
search on family preservation, reunification, and per-
manent parental care methods for orphans. 
(d) WORKING GROUPS.—Members of the Policy Co-
ordinating Committee may create small working groups 
within their respective agencies to support and advise their 
work on behalf of the Policy Coordinating Committee. 
SEC. 103. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR THE PROVISION OF 
PERMANENT PARENTAL CARE. 
(a) MINIMUM STANDARDS.—A country meets the 
minimum standards for the provision of permanent paren-
tal care by a partner country if— 
(1) the government of the country has laws, 
practices and judicial standards that— 
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(A) protect children from abuse and ne-
glect; 
(B) are aimed at reducing the number of 
abandoned children; 
(C) are aimed at preserving families at 
risk of dissolution; 
(D) are aimed at safely and appropriately 
reunifying orphans and institutionalized chil-
dren with their families; 
(E) promote legal guardianship and kin-
ship care; 
(F) promote domestic adoption; 
(G) allow for international adoption; and 
(H) promote the physical and emotional 
well-being and protection of children while they 
are waiting for reunification or placement with 
a permanent family; 
(2) the government of the country is— 
(A) keeping a significant percentage of 
families at risk of dissolution intact; 
(B) reuniting a significant percentage of 
orphans and institutionalized children with safe 
families and relatives; and 
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(C) moving a significant percentage of or-
phans into permanent parental care when it is 
determined that they cannot be reunified; and 
(3) the numbers of children aging out of insti-
tutions or foster care in such country is decreasing 
by a significant percentage each year. 
(b) CRITERIA.—A country is eligible for assistance 
from the Office for Orphan Policy Diplomacy and Devel-
opment under this Act if the government of the country— 
(1) publicly acknowledges the need for family 
preservation, reunification and permanent parental 
care for orphans; and 
(2) demonstrates a commitment to develop im-
proved laws, policies, infrastructures, and training 
programs to preserve and reunify with safe families 
and provide permanent parental care for orphans 
by— 
(A) developing formal strategic plans to 
develop laws and infrastructure to address 
shortcomings related to meeting the minimum 
standards described in subsection (a); 
(B) allocating resources to study the issues 
described in subparagraph (A); or 
(C) expending or setting aside sufficient 
funds, to help build child welfare and judicial 
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infrastructure and enact laws to address short-
comings related to meeting such minimum 
standards. 
SEC. 104. GRANT, PILOT, AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS. 
(a) ASSISTANCE
TO
FOREIGN
GOVERNMENTS.— 
Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating section 135, as added by 
section 5(a) of Public Law 109–121, as section 137; 
and 
(2) by inserting after section 135, as added by 
section 3 of Public Law 109–95, the following: 
‘‘SEC. 136. ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 
‘‘(a) ASSISTANCE
TO
MEET
MINIMUM
STAND-
ARDS.—The President is authorized to provide assistance 
to foreign countries directly, or through nongovernmental 
and multilateral organizations, for programs, projects, and 
activities designed to assist the country to meet the min-
imum standards described in section 103(a) of the Fami-
lies for Orphans Act of 2009. 
‘‘(b) ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS THAT 
MEET MINIMUM STANDARDS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President is author-
ized to provide assistance, including trade and debt 
relief, to any foreign country that demonstrates suc-
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cess in meeting the majority of the minimum stand-
ards and other goals described in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(2) PLAN.—The government of a country de-
siring assistance under this subsection shall dem-
onstrate a commitment to meeting the minimum 
standards described in section 103(a) of the Fami-
lies for Orphans Act of 2009 by independently, or 
with assistance from the Office for Orphan Policy 
Diplomacy and Development, developing— 
‘‘(A) a detailed, long-term strategic plan 
for meeting such minimum standards and re-
lated long-range goals; and 
‘‘(B) a 1-year or 2-year operational plan 
that describes the immediate steps that the for-
eign government will take toward meeting such 
minimum standards.’’. 
(b) ASSISTANCE IN SUPPORT OF FAMILY PRESERVA-
TION, REUNIFICATION AND PERMANENT PARENTAL CARE 
FOR ORPHANS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State is 
authorized to make grants to nongovernmental agen-
cies working to promote permanent parental care for 
orphans, in accordance with the results of the global 
best practices study conducted under subsection (c). 
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(2) USE
OF
FUNDS.—Grants received under 
this subsection can be used to— 
(A) improve public policy in support of the 
preservation and reunification of families and 
permanent parental care for orphans; 
(B) reduce the number of children aban-
doned; 
(C) reduce the number of families at risk 
of dissolution; 
(D) increase the number of children reuni-
fied with their parents; 
(E) increase the number of children ob-
taining legal guardianship and kinship care; 
(F) increase the number of children placed 
for adoption domestically; 
(G) support international adoption for chil-
dren who cannot be adopted domestically, or re-
unified with their biological parents; 
(H) draft laws and develop systems de-
signed to promote ethical, evidence-based prac-
tice in international adoption; 
(I) increase the level of expertise and un-
derstanding of foreign governments working to 
preserve and reunify families and promote per-
manent parental care for orphans; 
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(J) create and support connections with 
caring, committed adults to older children at 
risk of or in the process of aging out of institu-
tional care; 
(K) develop mentoring, visitation and fos-
ter adopt programs aimed at recruiting a larger 
number of individuals willing to provide perma-
nent parental care for orphans; 
(L) increase adoption support services; and 
(M) create and improve child welfare and 
judicial infrastructures, that strengthen and 
support permanent family care for orphans. 
(3) ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA.—To the extent pos-
sible, grants shall be awarded under this subsection 
to organizations that have demonstrated— 
(A) experience in the area of child welfare 
and judicial policy, family preservation, reunifi-
cation, permanent parental care for orphans; 
(B) success in working with the in-country 
governmental agencies responsible for care of 
children; and 
(C) adherence to the child welfare laws of 
the foreign government in which such organiza-
tions are located. 
(c) GLOBAL BEST PRACTICES.— 
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(1) STUDY ON GLOBAL BEST PRACTICES.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of State shall initiate a study to iden-
tify global best practices for— 
(i) preserving and reunifying families; 
and 
(ii) providing permanent parental care 
for orphans. 
(B) IDENTIFICATION
OF
FACTORS.—In 
conducting the study under subparagraph (A), 
the Secretary shall identify— 
(i) evidence-based programs that are 
demonstrated to provide permanent paren-
tal care in a timely manner; 
(ii) policy and practices that result in 
increased deinstitutionalization of children; 
(iii) legislation globally that requires 
and supports permanent parental care; 
(iv) factors that decrease the dissolu-
tion of families; and 
(v) best practices for promoting eth-
ical international adoption practices. 
(C) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after 
initiating the study under this paragraph, the 
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Secretary shall publish a report on the best 
practices identified in the study. 
(D) USE OF STUDY RESULTS.—The Sec-
retary shall use the results of the study con-
ducted under this paragraph to guide and in-
form— 
(i) the award of all grants under this 
Act; and 
(ii) all activities in the global best 
practices pilot program carried out under 
paragraph (2). 
(2) GLOBAL
BEST
PRACTICES
PILOT
PRO-
GRAM.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Upon completing the 
study described in paragraph (1), the Secretary 
of State shall establish and carry out a global 
best practices pilot program. 
(B) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the pro-
gram established pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
shall be to— 
(i) demonstrate how research-based 
policies and programs to provide orphans 
with permanent parental care can be suc-
cessfully implemented; 
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(ii) establish model programs that, 
once tested for effectiveness, will be avail-
able, replicable, and adaptable on a global 
basis; 
(iii) identify a comprehensive series of 
interventions, which result in family pres-
ervation, reunification, and permanent pa-
rental care for orphans; and 
(iv) determine which in-country fac-
tors enhance or negate efforts to achieve 
family preservation, reunification and per-
manent parental care for orphans. 
(C) SELECTION OF SITES.— 
(i) NUMBER OF SITES.—In carrying 
out the pilot program established under 
this paragraph, the Secretary of State 
shall select and establish not fewer than 5 
sites, each of which shall be located in a 
different region of the world. 
(ii) PRIORITIES.—In selecting sites 
under clause (i), the Secretary shall con-
sider— 
(I) cultural, geographic, and eco-
nomic diversity of countries included 
in the region; 
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(II) whether governments within 
the region have sufficient infrastruc-
ture and capacity to support the pilot 
program; and 
(III) the incidence of abandoned 
children and children in institutional 
care in the region and culture. 
(iii) DELEGATION.—The Coordinator 
for Orphan Policy Diplomacy and Develop-
ment may delegate implementation of the 
pilot program under this paragraph to 1 or 
more organizations that have experience in 
the use of evidence-based programs to pro-
mote family preservation, reunification or 
permanent parental care for orphans. 
(iv) ANNUAL
REPORT.—Not later 
than 1 year after the date on which the 
first pilot program is established under 
this paragraph, and each subsequent year, 
the Coordinator shall publish a report on 
the status of, and lessons learned in, the 
pilot program. 
SEC. 105. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(1) OPERATIONS.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated for the administrative costs associated 
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