(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘pro-
gram’’ and inserting ‘‘coordinated program 
across the Department’’; 
(B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘, 
which may’’ and all that follows through 
‘‘multithreading architectures’’; and 
(C) by striking subsection (d) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(d) EXASCALE COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall con-
duct a research program (referred to in this sub-
section as the ‘Program’) for exascale computing, in-
cluding the development of two or more exascale 
computing machine architectures, to promote the 
missions of the Department. 
‘‘(2) EXECUTION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
Program, the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) establish a National Laboratory 
partnership for industry partners and in-
stitutions of higher education for codesign 
of exascale hardware, technology, software, 
and applications across all applicable orga-
nizations of the Department; 
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‘‘(ii) acquire multiple exascale com-
puting systems at the existing Depart-
mental facilities that represent at least two 
distinct technology options developed under 
clause (i); 
‘‘(iii) develop such advancements in 
hardware and software technology as are 
required to fully realize the potential of an 
exascale production system in addressing 
Department target applications and solving 
scientific problems involving predictive 
modeling and simulation, large scale data 
analytics and management, and artificial 
intelligence; 
‘‘(iv) explore the use of exascale com-
puting technologies to advance a broad 
range of science and engineering; and 
‘‘(v) provide, as appropriate, on a 
competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access 
for researchers in industries in the United 
States, institutions of higher education, 
National Laboratories, and other Federal 
agencies to the exascale computing systems 
developed pursuant to clause (i). 
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‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—The Sec-
retary shall select the partnerships with the 
computing facilities of the Department under 
subparagraph (A) through a competitive, peer- 
review process. 
‘‘(3) CODESIGN
AND
APPLICATION
DEVELOP-
MENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) carry out the Program through 
an integration of applications, computer 
science, applied mathematics, and com-
puter hardware architecture using the 
partnerships established pursuant to para-
graph (2) to ensure that, to the maximum 
extent practicable, two or more exascale 
computing machine architectures are capa-
ble of solving Department target applica-
tions and broader scientific problems, in-
cluding predictive modeling and simulation, 
large scale data analytics and manage-
ment, and artificial intelligence; and 
‘‘(ii) conduct outreach programs to in-
crease the readiness for the use of such 
platforms by domestic industries, including 
manufacturers. 
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‘‘(B) REPORT.—(i) The Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report describing how the 
integration under subparagraph (A) is fur-
thering application science data and computa-
tional workloads across application interests, in-
cluding national security, material science, phy-
sical science, cybersecurity, biological science, 
the Materials Genome and BRAIN Initiatives of 
the President, advanced manufacturing, and the 
national electric grid. 
‘‘(ii) The roles and responsibilities of Na-
tional Laboratories and industry, including the 
definition of the roles and responsibilities within 
the Department to ensure an integrated pro-
gram across the Department. 
‘‘(4) PROJECT REVIEW.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The exascale architec-
tures developed pursuant to partnerships estab-
lished pursuant to paragraph (2) shall be re-
viewed through a project review process. 
‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
on— 
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‘‘(i) the results of the review con-
ducted under subparagraph (A); and 
‘‘(ii) the coordination and manage-
ment of the Program to ensure an inte-
grated research program across the De-
partment. 
‘‘(5) ANNUAL REPORTS.—At the time of the 
budget submission of the Department for each fiscal 
year, the Secretary, in consultation with the mem-
bers of the partnerships established pursuant to 
paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report 
that describes funding for the Program as a whole 
by functional element of the Department and critical 
milestones.’’. 
(c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING
AND NET-
WORKING RESEARCH.—The Director shall support re-
search in high-performance computing and networking rel-
evant to energy applications, including modeling, simula-
tion, machine learning, and advanced data analytics for 
basic and applied energy research programs carried out 
by the Secretary. 
(d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVEL-
OPMENT
FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS, COM-
PUTATIONAL, AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 
activities to develop, test, and support— 
(A) mathematics, models, statistics, and al-
gorithms for complex systems and programming 
environments; and 
(B) tools, languages, and operations for 
high-end computing systems (as defined in sec-
tion 2 of the American Super Computing Lead-
ership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by 
this section). 
(2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—The Director shall 
maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced 
scientific computing research and development pro-
gram established under section 976 of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports 
robust investment in applied mathematical, com-
putational, and computer sciences research while ac-
commodating necessary investments in high-perform-
ance computing hardware and facilities. 
(e) WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.—The Director of 
the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research 
shall support the development of a computational science 
workforce through a program that— 
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(1) facilitates collaboration between university 
students and researchers at the National Labora-
tories; and 
(2) endeavors to advance science in areas rel-
evant to the mission of the Department through the 
application of computational science. 
SEC. 6. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re-
search program on the fundamental constituents of matter 
and energy and the nature of space and time. 
(b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 
in subsection (a) shall be to support theoretical and experi-
mental research in both elementary particle physics and 
fundamental accelerator science and technology to under-
stand fundamental properties of the universe. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that— 
(1) the Director should incorporate the findings 
and recommendations of the Particle Physics Project 
Prioritization Panel’s report entitled ‘‘Building for 
Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics 
in the Global Context’’, into the Department’s plan-
ning process as part of the program described in 
subsection (a); 
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(2) the Director should prioritize domestically 
hosted research projects that will maintain the 
United States position as a global leader in particle 
physics and attract the world’s most talented physi-
cists and foreign investment for international col-
laboration; and 
(3) the nations that lead in particle physics by 
hosting international teams dedicated to a common 
scientific goal attract the world’s best talent and in-
spire future generations of physicists and tech-
nologists. 
(d) NEUTRINO RESEARCH.—As part of the program 
described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out 
research activities on rare decay processes and the nature 
of the neutrino, which may include collaborations with the 
National Science Foundation or international collabora-
tions. 
(e) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY FOR DEEP 
UNDERGROUND NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
for a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate 
the international Deep Underground Neutrino Ex-
periment to enable a program in neutrino physics to 
measure the fundamental properties of neutrinos, ex-
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plore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better 
clarify the nature of matter and antimatter. 
(2) FACILITY
CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph 
(1) will provide, at a minimum, the following capa-
bilities: 
(A) A broad-band neutrino beam capable 
of 1.2 megawatts (MW) of beam power and 
upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power. 
(B) Four caverns excavated for a forty kil-
oton fiducial detector mass and supporting sur-
face buildings and utilities. 
(C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the 
Far Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in 
Illinois to categorize and study neutrinos on 
their 800-mile journey between the two sites. 
(D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 
detectors. 
(3) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 
that the start of full operations of the facility under 
this subsection occurs before December 31, 2026. 
(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 for High Energy 
Physics, there shall be made available to the Sec-
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retary to carry out activities, including construction 
of the facility, under this subsection— 
(A) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 
(B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 
(5) DARK
ENERGY
AND
DARK
MATTER
RE-
SEARCH.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1), the Director shall carry out research ac-
tivities on the nature of dark energy and dark mat-
ter, which may include collaborations with the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration or the 
National Science Foundation, or international col-
laborations. 
(6) 
INTERNATIONAL
COLLABORATION.—The 
Director, as practicable and in coordination with 
other appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, 
shall ensure the access of United States researchers 
to the most advanced accelerator facilities and re-
search capabilities in the world, including the Large 
Hadron Collider. 
SEC. 7. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro-
gram of basic research in the areas of biological systems 
science and environmental science relevant to the develop-
ment of new energy technologies and to support Depart-
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ment missions in energy, environment, and national secu-
rity. 
(b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry 
out research and development activities in fundamental, 
structural, computational, and systems biology to increase 
systems-level understanding of the complex biological sys-
tems, which may include activities— 
(1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowl-
edge that would enable the cost-effective, sustainable 
production of— 
(A) biomass-based liquid transportation 
fuels; 
(B) bioenergy; and 
(C) biobased materials; 
(2) to improve understanding of the global car-
bon cycle, including processes for removing carbon 
dioxide from the atmosphere, through photosynthesis 
and other biological processes, for sequestration and 
storage; and 
(3) to understand the biological mechanisms 
used to transform, immobilize, or remove contami-
nants from subsurface environments. 
(c) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—In carrying out activities 
under subsection (a), the Director shall select and 
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