IA
103D CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. J. RES. 103
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for a balanced budget
for the United States Government and for greater accountability in
the enactment of tax legislation.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY 4, 1993
Mr. STENHOLM (for himself, Mr. SMITH of Oregon, Mr. PAYNE of Virginia,
Ms. SNOWE, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. GIBBONS, Mr. BARTON of
Texas, Mr. ALLARD, Mr. ANDREWS of Texas, Mr. ARCHER, Mr. ARMEY,
Mr. BACCHUS of Florida, Mr. BAKER of Louisiana, Mr. BALLENGER, Mr.
BARRETT of Nebraska, Mr. BATEMAN, Mrs. BENTLEY, Mr. BEREUTER,
Mr. BEVILL, Mr. BILBRAY, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mr. BLILEY, Mr. BOEHLERT,
Mr. BOEHNER, Mr. BREWSTER, Mr. BROWDER, Mr. BRYANT, Mr.
BUNNING, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, Mr. CALLAHAN, Mr. CAMP, Mr.
CHAPMAN, Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. CLINGER, Mr. COBLE, Mr. CONDIT, Mr.
COOPER, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. COX, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. CRANE, Mr.
CUNNINGHAM, Mr. DARDEN, Mr. DELAY, Mr. DOOLEY, Mr. DOOLITTLE,
Mr. DORNAN, Mr. DREIER, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. EDWARDS of Texas, Mr.
EMERSON, Mr. ENGLISH of Oklahoma, Mr. EWING, Mr. FAWELL, Mr.
FIELDS of Texas, Mr. FISH, Mr. FRANKS of Connecticut, Mr. GALLEGLY,
Mr. GALLO, Mr. GEKAS, Mr. PETE GEREN of Texas, Mr. GILCHREST,
Mr. GILLMOR, Mr. GINGRICH, Mr. GLICKMAN, Mr. GOODLING, Mr. GOR-
DON, Mr. GOSS, Mr. GRANDY, Mr. GUNDERSON, Mr. HALL of Texas, Mr.
HANCOCK, Mr. HANSEN, Mr. HASTERT, Mr. HAYES of Louisiana, Mr.
HEFLEY, Mr. HEFNER, Mr. HENRY, Mr. HERGER, Mr. HOBSON, Mr.
HOUGHTON, Mr. HUNTER, Mr. HUTTO, Mr. HYDE, Mr. JACOBS, Mrs.
JOHNSON of Connecticut, Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota, Mr. SAM
JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. JOHNSTON of Florida, Mr. KASICH, Mr. KLUG,
Mr. KOLBE, Mr. KYL, Mr. LANCASTER, Mr. LAUGHLIN, Mr. LEACH, Mr.
LEWIS of California, Mr. LEWIS of Florida, Mr. LIGHTFOOT, Mr. LIVING-
STON, Mrs. LLOYD, Mr. MACHTLEY, Mr. MAZZOLI, Mr. MCCANDLESS,
Mr. MCCOLLUM, Mr. MCCRERY, Mr. MCCURDY, Mr. MCDADE, Mr. MC-
MILLAN, Mrs. MEYERS of Kansas, Mr. MICHEL, Ms. MOLINARI, Mr.
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MONTGOMERY, Mr. MOORHEAD, Mr. MORAN, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. MYERS
of Indiana, Mr. NUSSLE, Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. OXLEY, Mr. PACKARD, Mr.
PALLONE, Mr. PARKER, Mr. PAXON, Mr. PENNY, Mr. PETERSON of Flor-
ida, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, Mr. PETRI, Mr. PICKLE, Mr. PORTER,
Mr. POSHARD, Mr. QUILLEN, Mr. RAMSTAD, Mr. RAVENEL, Mr. REG-
ULA, Mr. RIDGE, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. ROEMER, Mr. ROGERS, Mr.
ROHRABACHER, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, Mr. ROTH, Mr. ROWLAND, Mr.
SANGMEISTER, Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. SARPALIUS, Mr. SAXTON, Mr.
SCHAEFER, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, Mr. SHAW, Mr. SHU-
STER, Mr. SISISKY, Mr. SKEEN, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. SMITH of New Jer-
sey, Mr. SMITH of Texas, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. SPRATT, Mr.
STEARNS, Mr. STUMP, Mr. SUNDQUIST, Mr. SWETT, Mr. TANNER, Mr.
TAUZIN, Mr. TAYLOR of Mississippi, Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina, Mr.
THOMAS of California, Mr. THOMAS of Wyoming, Mr. TORRICELLI, Mr.
UPTON, Mr. VALENTINE, Mrs. VUCANOVICH, Mr. WALKER, Mr. WALSH,
Mr. WELDON, Mr. WILSON, Mr. WOLF, Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, Mr.
YOUNG of Florida, Mr. ZELIFF, Mr. ZIMMER, Mr. DE LA GARZA, Mr.
BACHUS of Alabama, Mr. BAESLER, Mr. BAKER of California, Mr.
BARCIA, Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland, Mr. BLUTE, Mr. BONILLA, Mr.
BUYER, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. CANADY, Mr. CASTLE, Mr. COLLINS of Geor-
gia, Mr. COPPERSMITH, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. DEAL, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr.
DICKEY, Ms. DUNN, Mr. EVERETT, Mrs. FOWLER, Mr. FRANKS of New
Jersey, Mr. GOODLATTE, Mr. GRAMS, Mr. GREENWOOD, Mr. HOEKSTRA,
Mr. HOKE, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. HORN, Mr. HUFFINGTON, Mr. HUTCHIN-
SON, Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina, Mr. ISTOOK, Mr. JOHNSON of Geor-
gia, Mr. KIM, Mr. KING, Mr. KINGSTON, Mr. KNOLLENBERG, Mr. LAZIO,
Mr. LEVY, Mr. LINDER, Mr. MANN, Mr. MANZULLO, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr.
MCINNIS, Mr. MCKEON, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. MICA, Mr. MILLER of Flor-
ida, Mr. MINGE, Mr. NEAL of North Carolina, Mr. POMBO, Ms. PRYCE
of Ohio, Mr. QUINN, Mr. ROYCE, Mr. SMITH of Michigan, Mr. TALENT,
and Mr. TORKILDSEN) introduced the following joint resolution; which
was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
JOINT RESOLUTION
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for
a balanced budget for the United States Government
and for greater accountability in the enactment of tax
legislation.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That the following article is proposed as an amendment
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to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be
valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitu-
tion when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of
the several States within seven years after the date of its
submission to the States for ratification:
‘‘ARTICLE —
‘‘SECTION 1. Total outlays for any fiscal year shall
not exceed total receipts for that fiscal year, unless three-
fifths of the whole number of each House of Congress shall
provide by law for a specific excess of outlays over receipts
by a rollcall vote.
‘‘SECTION 2. The limit on the debt of the United
States held by the public shall not be increased, unless
three-fifths of the whole number of each House shall pro-
vide by law for an increase by a rollcall vote.
‘‘SECTION 3. Prior to each fiscal year, the President
shall transmit to the Congress a proposed budget for the
United States Government for that fiscal year, in which
total outlays do not exceed total receipts.
‘‘SECTION 4. No bill to increase revenue shall become
law unless approved by a majority of the whole number
of each House by a rollcall vote.
‘‘SECTION 5. The Congress may waive the provisions
of this article for any fiscal year in which a declaration
of war is in effect. The provisions of this article may be
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waived for any fiscal year in which the United States is
engaged in military conflict which causes an imminent and
serious military threat to national security and is so de-
clared by a joint resolution, adopted by a majority of the
whole number of each House, which becomes law.
‘‘SECTION 6. The Congress shall enforce and imple-
ment this article by appropriate legislation, which may rely
on estimates of outlays and receipts.
‘‘SECTION 7. Total receipts shall include all receipts
of the United States Government except those derived
from borrowing. Total outlays shall include all outlays of
the United States Government except for those for repay-
ment of debt principal.
‘‘SECTION 8. This article shall take effect beginning
with fiscal year 1999 or with the second fiscal year begin-
ning after its ratification, whichever is later.’’
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