(1) conduct a study of the feasibility and advis-
ability of innovative uses of plastic waste in road-
ways, bridges, and other infrastructure; and 
(2) as part of the study under paragraph (1)— 
(A) identify international examples of— 
(i) the use of materials described in 
that paragraph; and 
(ii) projects in which the use of plastic 
waste has been applied; 
(B) assess the economic benefits, if any, 
including employment opportunities, to munici-
palities and States in investing in innovative 
reuse of plastic waste in infrastructure; and 
(C) if the National Academies consider 
uses described in that paragraph to be advis-
able, make recommendations with respect to 
what Federal testing standards and other bar-
riers may need to be addressed to enable those 
uses, including with respect to ensuring human 
health and safety. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report on the study conducted under 
subsection (a). 
(c) GRANT PROGRAM.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—If the National Academies 
consider the innovative uses of plastic waste de-
scribed in subsection (a)(1) to be advisable, and the 
Secretary agrees, the Secretary shall establish a 
grant program to encourage those uses. 
(2) DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.—If the Sec-
retary establishes a grant program under paragraph 
(1), the Secretary shall carry out the grant program 
by selecting, through a competitive process, not more 
than 5 projects to demonstrate the uses described in 
subsection (a)(1), each of which shall be located in 
a different region of the United States. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date on which the last demonstration project, if 
any, is completed under paragraph (2), the Sec-
retary shall submit to Congress a report summa-
rizing the results of the demonstration projects, in-
cluding— 
(A) the total quantity of plastic waste redi-
rected from the waste stream into infrastruc-
ture; 
(B) the durability of the infrastructure 
constructed with plastic waste; and 
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(C) any cost savings achieved through the 
use of plastic waste in the demonstration 
projects. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are nec-
essary to carry out this section. 
SEC. 306. STUDY ON OPTIONS TO ADVANCE TECHNOLOGIES 
FOR 
CONVERTING 
PLASTIC 
WASTE 
TO 
CHEMICALS, 
FEEDSTOCKS, 
AND 
OTHER 
PRODUCTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The EPA Administrator shall 
seek to enter into an arrangement with the National Acad-
emies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine under which 
the National Academies will conduct a study on options 
to 
advance 
technologies 
(including 
pyrolysis, 
hydropyrolysis, methanolysis, gasification, and enzymatic 
breakdown) for converting plastic waste to useful prod-
ucts, such as chemicals, feedstocks, fuels, and energy. 
(b) INCLUSIONS.—As part of the study under sub-
section (a), the National Academies shall conduct an eval-
uation of— 
(1) the air emissions associated with tech-
nologies described in that subsection; and 
(2) an evaluation of the ability of those tech-
nologies to become cost-competitive with other op-
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tions for obtaining source materials or producing en-
ergy. 
(c) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the EPA Ad-
ministrator shall submit to Congress a report on the study 
conducted under subsection (a). 
SEC. 307. STUDY ON EFFECTS OF MICROPLASTICS IN FOOD 
SUPPLIES 
AND 
SOURCES 
OF 
DRINKING 
WATER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The EPA Administrator, in con-
sultation with the Under Secretary, shall seek to enter into 
an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
Engineering, and Medicine under which the National 
Academies will conduct a human health and environmental 
risk assessment on microplastics, including microfibers, in 
food supplies and sources of drinking water. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the EPA Ad-
ministrator shall submit to Congress a report on the study 
conducted under subsection (a) that includes— 
(1) a science-based definition of ‘‘microplastics’’ 
that can be adopted in federally supported moni-
toring and future assessments supported or con-
ducted by a Federal agency; 
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(2) recommendations for standardized moni-
toring, testing, and other necessary protocols relat-
ing to microplastics; 
(3)(A) an assessment of whether microplastics 
are currently present in the food supplies and 
sources of drinking water of United States con-
sumers; and 
(B) if the assessment under subparagraph (A) 
is positive— 
(i) the extent to which microplastics are 
present in the food supplies and sources of 
drinking water; and 
(ii) an assessment of the type, source, 
prevalence, and risk of microplastics in the food 
supplies and sources of drinking water; 
(4) an assessment of the risk posed, if any, by 
the presence of microplastics in the food supplies 
and sources of drinking water of United States con-
sumers that includes— 
(A) an identification of the most signifi-
cant sources of those microplastics; and 
(B) a review of the best available science 
to determine any potential hazards of micro-
plastics in the food supplies and sources of 
drinking water of United States consumers; and 
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(5) a measurement of— 
(A) the quantity of environmental chemi-
cals that absorb to microplastics; and 
(B) the quantity described in subpara-
graph (A) that would be available for human 
exposure through food supplies or sources of 
drinking water. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are nec-
essary to carry out this section. 
SEC. 308. REPORT ON ELIMINATING BARRIERS TO IN-
CREASE THE COLLECTION OF RECYCLABLE 
MATERIALS. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the EPA Administrator shall submit to Con-
gress a report describing— 
(1) the economic, technological, resource avail-
ability, or other barriers to increasing the collection 
of recyclable materials; and 
(2) recommendations to overcome the barriers 
described under paragraph (1). 
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SEC. 309. REPORT ON ECONOMIC INCENTIVES TO SPUR DE-
VELOPMENT OF NEW END-USE MARKETS FOR 
RECYCLED PLASTICS. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the EPA Administrator shall submit to Con-
gress a report describing the most efficient and effective 
economic incentives to spur the development of additional 
new end-use markets for recyclable plastics, including the 
use of increased recycled content by manufacturers in the 
production of plastic goods and packaging. 
Æ 
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