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(ii) a cross-cutting challenge for artifi-
cial intelligence systems, including trust-
worthiness, or foundational science; 
(B) requires partnership among public and 
private organizations, including, as appropriate, 
Federal agencies, research universities, commu-
nity colleges, nonprofit research organizations, 
Federal laboratories, State, local, and tribal 
governments, and industry (or consortia there-
of); 
(C) has the potential to create an innova-
tion ecosystem, or enhance existing ecosystems, 
to translate Institute research into applications 
and products, as appropriate to the topic of 
each Institute; 
(D) supports interdisciplinary research and 
development across multiple institutions and or-
ganizations involved in artificial intelligence re-
search and related disciplines, including phys-
ics, engineering, mathematical sciences, com-
puter and information science, robotics, biologi-
cal and cognitive sciences, material science, so-
cial and behavioral sciences, cybersecurity, and 
technology ethics; 
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(E) supports interdisciplinary education 
activities, including curriculum development, re-
search experiences, and faculty professional de-
velopment across two-year, undergraduates, 
masters, and doctoral level programs; and 
(F) supports workforce development in ar-
tificial intelligence related disciplines in the 
United States, including broadening participa-
tion of underrepresented communities. 
(3) USE
OF
FUNDS.—Financial assistance 
awarded under paragraph (1) may be used by an In-
stitute for— 
(A) managing and making available to re-
searchers accessible, curated, standardized, se-
cure, and privacy protected data sets from the 
public and private sectors for the purposes of 
training and testing artificial intelligence sys-
tems and for research using artificial intel-
ligence systems, pursuant to section 5301(b) 
and 5301(c); 
(B) developing and managing testbeds for 
artificial intelligence systems, including sector- 
specific test beds, designed to enable users to 
evaluate artificial intelligence systems prior to 
deployment; 
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(C) conducting research and education ac-
tivities involving artificial intelligence systems 
to solve challenges with social, economic, health, 
scientific, and national security implications; 
(D) providing or brokering access to com-
puting resources, networking, and data facilities 
for artificial intelligence research and develop-
ment relevant to the Institute’s research goals; 
(E) providing technical assistance to users, 
including software engineering support, for arti-
ficial intelligence research and development rel-
evant to the Institute’s research goals; 
(F) engaging in outreach and engagement 
to broaden participation in artificial intelligence 
research and workforce; and 
(G) such other activities that an agency 
head, whose agency’s missions contribute to or 
are affected by artificial intelligence, considers 
consistent with the purposes described in sec-
tion 5101(a). 
(4) DURATION.— 
(A) INITIAL PERIODS.—An award of finan-
cial assistance under paragraph (1) shall be 
awarded for an initial period of 5 years. 
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(B) EXTENSION.—An established Institute 
may apply for, and the agency head may grant, 
extended funding for periods of 5 years on a 
merit-reviewed basis using the merit review cri-
teria of the sponsoring agency. 
(5) APPLICATION
FOR
FINANCIAL
ASSIST-
ANCE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A person or group of 
persons seeking financial assistance under para-
graph (1) shall submit to an agency head an 
application at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the agency head 
may require. 
(B) REQUIREMENTS.—An application sub-
mitted under subparagraph (A) for an Institute 
shall, at a minimum, include the following: 
(i) A plan for the Institute to in-
clude— 
(I) the proposed goals and activi-
ties of the Institute; 
(II) how the Institute will form 
partnerships with other research insti-
tutions, industry, and nonprofits to le-
verage expertise in artificial intel-
ligence and access to data, including 
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non-governmental data and computing 
resources; 
(III) how the institute will sup-
port long-term and short-term edu-
cation and workforce development in 
artificial intelligence, including broad-
ening 
participation 
of 
underrep-
resented communities; and 
(IV) a plan for how the Institute 
will transition from planning into op-
erations. 
(ii) A description of the anticipated 
sources and nature of any non-Federal 
contributions, including privately held data 
sets, computing resources, and other types 
of in-kind support. 
(iii) A description of the anticipated 
long-term impact of such Institute. 
(6) COMPETITIVE, MERIT REVIEW.—In award-
ing financial assistance under paragraph (1), the 
agency head shall— 
(A) use a competitive, merit review process 
that includes peer review by a diverse group of 
individuals with relevant expertise from both 
the private and public sectors; and 
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(B) ensure the focus areas of the Institute 
do not substantially duplicate the efforts of any 
other Institute. 
(7) COLLABORATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—In awarding financial 
assistance under paragraph (1), an agency head 
may collaborate with Federal departments and 
agencies whose missions contribute to or are af-
fected by artificial intelligence systems, includ-
ing the agencies outlined in section 5103(c). 
(B) COORDINATING
NETWORK.—The Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation shall 
establish a network of Institutes receiving fi-
nancial assistance under this subsection, to be 
known as the ‘‘Artificial Intelligence Leadership 
Network’’, to coordinate cross-cutting research 
and other activities carried out by the Insti-
tutes. 
(C) FUNDING.—The head of an agency 
may request, accept, and provide funds from 
other Federal departments and agencies, State, 
United States territory, local, or tribal govern-
ment agencies, private sector for-profit entities, 
and nonprofit entities, to be available to the ex-
tent provided by appropriations Acts, to support 
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an Institute’s activities. The head of an agency 
may not give any special consideration to any 
agency or entity in return for a donation. 
TITLE III—DEPARTMENT OF 
COMMERCE 
SEC. 5301. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND 
TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the Initiative, the Di-
rector of the National Institute of Standards and Tech-
nology shall— 
(1) support measurement research and develop-
ment of best practices and voluntary standards for 
trustworthy artificial intelligence systems, including 
for— 
(A) privacy and security, including for 
datasets used to train or test artificial intel-
ligence systems and software and hardware 
used in artificial intelligence systems; 
(B) advanced computer chips and hard-
ware designed for artificial intelligence systems; 
(C) data management and techniques to 
increase the usability of data, including strate-
gies to systematically clean, label, and stand-
ardize data into forms useful for training artifi-
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cial intelligence systems and the use of com-
mon, open licenses; 
(D) safety and robustness of artificial in-
telligence 
systems, 
including 
assurance, 
verification, validation, security, control, and 
the ability for artificial intelligence systems to 
withstand unexpected inputs and adversarial at-
tacks; 
(E) auditing mechanisms and benchmarks 
for accuracy, transparency, verifiability, and 
safety assurance for artificial intelligence sys-
tems; 
(F) applications of machine learning and 
artificial intelligence systems to improve other 
scientific fields and engineering; 
(G) model documentation, including per-
formance metrics and constraints, measures of 
fairness, training and testing processes, and re-
sults; 
(H) system documentation, including con-
nections and dependences within and between 
systems, and complications that may arise from 
such connections; and 
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(I) all other areas deemed by the Director 
to be critical to the development and deploy-
ment of trustworthy artificial intelligence; 
(2) produce curated, standardized, representa-
tive, secure, and privacy protected data sets for arti-
ficial intelligence research, development, and use, 
prioritizing data for high-value, high-risk research; 
(3) support one or more institutes as described 
in section 5201(a) for the purpose of advancing the 
field of artificial intelligence; 
(4) support and strategically engage in the de-
velopment of voluntary consensus standards, includ-
ing international standards, through open, trans-
parent, and consensus-based processes; 
(5) taking into account the findings from the 
National Academies study in section 5105, develop 
taxonomies and lexica to describe artificial intel-
ligence tasks, knowledge, skills, abilities, com-
petencies, and work roles to guide career develop-
ment, education, and training activities in industry, 
academia, nonprofit organizations, and the Federal 
government, identify workforce gaps in the public 
and private sector, and create criteria and measure-
ment for credentials in artificial intelligence-related 
careers; and 
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(6) enter into and perform such contracts, in-
cluding cooperative research and development ar-
rangements and grants and cooperative agreements 
or other transactions, as may be necessary in the 
conduct of the work of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology and on such terms as the 
Director considers appropriate, in furtherance of the 
purposes of this division. 
(b) RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK.—Not later 
than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Director shall work to develop, and periodically up-
date, in collaboration with other public and private sector 
organizations, including the National Science Foundation 
and the Department of Energy, a voluntary risk manage-
ment framework for the trustworthiness of artificial intel-
ligence systems. The framework shall— 
(1) identify and provide standards, guidelines, 
best practices, methodologies, procedures, and proc-
esses for assessing the trustworthiness of, and miti-
gating risks to, artificial intelligence systems; 
(2) establish common definitions and character-
izations for aspects and levels of trustworthiness, in-
cluding explainability, transparency, safety, privacy, 
security, robustness, fairness, bias, ethics, validation, 
verification, interpretability, and other properties re-
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lated to artificial intelligence systems that are com-
mon across all sectors; 
(3) provide guidance and implementation steps 
for risk management of artificial intelligence sys-
tems; 
(4) provide sector-specific case studies of imple-
mentation of the framework; 
(5) align with voluntary consensus standards, 
including international standards, to the fullest ex-
tent possible; 
(6) incorporate voluntary consensus standards 
and industry best practices; and 
(7) not prescribe or otherwise require— 
(A) the use of specific solutions; or 
(B) the use of specific information or com-
munications technology products or services. 
(c) DATA SHARING
AND DOCUMENTATION BEST 
PRACTICES.—Not later than 1 year after the date of en-
actment of this Act, the Director shall, in collaboration 
with other public and private sector organizations, develop 
guidance to facilitate the creation of voluntary data shar-
ing arrangements between industry, federally funded re-
search centers, and Federal agencies for the purpose of 
advancing artificial intelligence research and technologies, 
including— 
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(1) options for partnership models between gov-
ernment entities, industry, universities, and non-
profits that incentivize each party to share the data 
they collected; and 
(2) best practices for datasets used to train ar-
tificial intelligence systems, including— 
(A) standards for metadata that describe 
the properties of datasets, including— 
(i) the origins of the data; 
(ii) the intent behind the creation of 
the data; 
(iii) authorized uses of the data; 
(iv) descriptive characteristics of the 
data, including what populations are in-
cluded and excluded from the datasets; and 
(v) any other properties as determined 
by the Director; and 
(B) standards for privacy and security of 
datasets with human characteristics. 
(d) STAKEHOLDER OUTREACH.—In carrying out the 
activities under this subsection, the Director shall— 
(1) solicit input from university researchers, 
private sector experts, relevant Federal agencies, 
Federal laboratories, State and local governments, 
civil society groups, and other relevant stakeholders; 
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(2) solicit input from experts in relevant fields 
of social science, technology ethics, and law; and 
(3) provide opportunity for public comment on 
guidelines and best practices developed as part of 
the Initiative, as appropriate. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology to carry out this section 
$64,000,000 for fiscal year 2021. 
SEC. 5302. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN-
ISTRATION ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CEN-
TER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (hereafter 
referred to as ‘‘the Administrator’’) shall establish, a Cen-
ter for Artificial Intelligence (hereafter referred to as ‘‘the 
Center’’). 
(b) CENTER GOALS.—The goals of the Center shall 
be to— 
(1) coordinate and facilitate the scientific and 
technological efforts across the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration; and 
(2) expand external partnerships, and build 
workforce proficiency to effectively transition artifi-
cial intelligence applications to operations. 
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(c) CENTER PRIORITIES.—Through the Center, the 
Administrator shall implement a comprehensive program 
to improve the use of artificial intelligence systems across 
the agency in support of the mission of the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration. The priorities of 
the Center shall be to— 
(1) coordinate and facilitate artificial intel-
ligence research and innovation, tools, systems, and 
capabilities across the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration; 
(2) establish data standards and develop and 
maintain a central repository for agency-wide artifi-
cial intelligence applications; 
(3) accelerate the transition of artificial intel-
ligence research to applications in support of the 
mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration; 
(4) develop and conduct training for the work-
force of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration related to artificial intelligence research 
and application of artificial intelligence for such 
agency; 
(5) facilitate partnerships between the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other 
public sector organizations, private sector organiza-
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tions, and institutions of higher education for re-
search, personnel exchange, and workforce develop-
ment with respect to artificial intelligence systems; 
and 
(6) make data of the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration accessible, available, and 
ready for artificial intelligence applications. 
(d) STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT.—In carrying out 
the activities authorized in this section, the Administrator 
shall— 
(1) collaborate with a diverse set of stake-
holders including private sector entities and institu-
tions of higher education; 
(2) leverage the collective body of research on 
artificial intelligence and machine learning; and 
(3) engage with relevant Federal agencies, re-
search communities, and potential users of informa-
tion produced under this section. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to 
carry out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2021. 
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TITLE IV—NATIONAL SCIENCE 
FOUNDATION ARTIFICIAL IN-
TELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES 
SEC. 5401. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH AND 
EDUCATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the Initiative, the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation shall fund re-
search and education activities in artificial intelligence sys-
tems and related fields, including competitive awards or 
grants to institutions of higher education or eligible non-
profit organizations (or consortia thereof). 
(b) USES OF FUNDS.—In carrying out the activities 
under subsection (a), the Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall— 
(1) support research, including interdisciplinary 
research on artificial intelligence systems and related 
areas; 
(2) support collaborations among researchers 
across disciplines, including between social scientists 
and computer and data scientists, to advance re-
search critical to the development and deployment of 
trustworthy artificial intelligence systems, including 
support for interdisciplinary research relating ad-
vances in artificial intelligence to changes in the fu-
ture workplace, in a social and economic context; 
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(3) use the existing programs of the National 
Science Foundation, in collaboration with other Fed-
eral departments and agencies, as appropriate to— 
(A) improve the teaching and learning of 
artificial intelligence systems at all levels of 
education; and 
(B) increase participation in artificial intel-
ligence related fields, including by individuals 
identified in sections 33 and 34 of the Science 
and Engineering Equal Opportunity Act (42 
U.S.C. 1885a and 1885b); 
(4) engage with institutions of higher edu-
cation, research communities, industry, Federal lab-
oratories, nonprofit organizations, State and local 
governments, and potential users of information pro-
duced under this section, including through the con-
vening of workshops and conferences, to leverage the 
collective body of knowledge across disciplines rel-
evant to artificial intelligence, facilitate new collabo-
rations and partnerships, and identify emerging re-
search needs; 
(5) support partnerships among institutions of 
higher education and industry that facilitate collabo-
rative research, personnel exchanges, and workforce 
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development with respect to artificial intelligence 
systems; 
(6) ensure adequate access to research and edu-
cation infrastructure with respect to artificial intel-
ligence systems, including through the development 
of new computing resources and partnership with 
the private sector for the provision of cloud-based 
computing services; 
(7) conduct prize competitions, as appropriate, 
pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3719); 
(8) coordinate research efforts funded through 
existing programs across the directorates of the Na-
tional Science Foundation; 
(9) provide guidance on data sharing by grant-
ees to public and private sector organizations con-
sistent with the standards and guidelines developed 
under section 5301(c); and 
(10) evaluate opportunities for international 
collaboration with strategic allies on artificial intel-
ligence research and development. 
(c) 
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
RESEARCH 
GRANTS.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Director shall award 
grants for research on artificial intelligence systems. 
Research areas may include— 
(A) artificial intelligence systems, including 
machine learning, computer vision, robotics, 
and hardware for accelerating artificial intel-
ligence systems; 
(B) artificial intelligence-enabled systems; 
(C) fields and research areas that will con-
tribute to the advancement of artificial intel-
ligence systems, including information theory, 
causal and statistical inference, data mining, in-
formation extraction, human-robot interaction, 
and intelligent interfaces; 
(D) fields and research areas that increase 
understanding of human characteristics relevant 
to artificial intelligence systems, including com-
putational neuroscience, reasoning and rep-
resentation, speech and language, multi-agent 
systems, intelligent interfaces, human-artificial 
intelligence cooperation, and artificial intel-
ligence-augmented human problem solving; 
(E) fields and research areas that increase 
understanding of learning, adaptability, and re-
silience beyond the human cognitive model, in-
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cluding topics in developmental biology, zoology, 
botany, 
morphological 
computation, 
and 
organismal systems; 
(F) fields and research areas that will con-
tribute to the development and deployment of 
trustworthy artificial intelligence systems, in-
cluding— 
(i) algorithmic explainability; 
(ii) methods to assess, characterize, 
and reduce bias in datasets and artificial 
intelligence systems; and 
(iii) safety and robustness of artificial 
intelligence systems, including assurance, 
verification, validation, security, and con-
trol; 
(G) privacy and security, including for 
datasets used for the training and inference of 
artificial intelligence systems, and software and 
hardware used in artificial intelligence systems; 
(H) fields and research areas that address 
the application of artificial intelligence systems 
to scientific discovery and societal challenges, 
including economic and public health emer-
gencies; 
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(I) societal, ethical, safety, education, 
workforce, and security implications of artificial 
intelligence systems, including social impact of 
artificial 
intelligence 
systems 
on 
different 
groups within society, especially historically 
marginalized groups; and 
(J) qualitative and quantitative forecasting 
of future capabilities, applications, and impacts. 
(2) ENGINEERING SUPPORT.—In soliciting pro-
posals for funding under this section, the Director 
shall permit applicants to include in their proposed 
budgets funding for software engineering support to 
assist with the proposed research. 
(3) ETHICS.— 
(A) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense 
of Congress that— 
(i) a number of emerging areas of re-
search, including artificial intelligence, 
have potential ethical, social, safety, and 
security implications that might be appar-
ent as early as the basic research stage; 
(ii) the incorporation of ethical, social, 
safety, and security considerations into the 
research design and review process for 
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Federal awards may help mitigate poten-
tial harms before they happen; 
(iii) the National Science Founda-
tion’s intent to enter into an agreement 
with the National Academies of Sciences, 
Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a 
study and make recommendations with re-
spect to governance of research in emerg-
ing technologies is a positive step toward 
accomplishing this goal; and 
(iv) the National Science Foundation 
should continue to work with stakeholders 
to understand and adopt policies that pro-
mote best practices for governance of re-
search in emerging technologies at every 
stage of research. 
(B) ETHICS STATEMENTS.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 18 
months after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall amend grant pro-
posal instructions to include a requirement 
for an ethics statement to be included as 
part of any proposal for funding prior to 
making the award. Such statement shall be 
considered by the Director in the review of 
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proposals, taking into consideration any 
relevant input from the peer-reviewers for 
the proposal, and shall factor into award 
decisions as deemed necessary by the Di-
rector. 
(ii) 
CONTENTS.—Such 
statements 
may include, as appropriate— 
(I) the potential societal benefits 
of the research; 
(II) any foreseeable or quantifi-
able risks to society, including how 
the research could enable products, 
technologies, or other outcomes that 
could intentionally or unintentionally 
cause significant societal harm; and 
(III) how technical or social solu-
tions can mitigate such risks and, as 
appropriate, a plan to implement such 
mitigation measures. 
(iii) GUIDANCE.—The Director shall 
issue clear guidance on what constitutes a 
foreseeable or quantifiable risk described in 
clause (ii)(II), and to the extent practical 
harmonize this policy with existing ethical 
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policies or related requirements for human 
subjects. 
(iv) ANNUAL REPORTS.—The Director 
shall encourage grantees to update their 
ethics statements as appropriate as part of 
the annual reports required by all grantees 
under the grant terms and conditions. 
(d) EDUCATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the National 
Science Foundation shall award grants for education 
programs at the K–12, community college, under-
graduate, graduate, postdoctoral, adult learning, and 
retraining stages of education that— 
(A) support the development of a diverse 
workforce pipeline for science and technology 
with respect to artificial intelligence systems; 
(B) increase awareness of ethical, social, 
safety, and security implications of artificial in-
telligence systems; and 
(C) promote the widespread understanding 
of artificial intelligence principles and methods 
to create an educated workforce and general 
public able to use products enabled by artificial 
intelligence systems and adapt to future societal 
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and economic changes caused by artificial intel-
ligence systems. 
(2) USE
OF
FUNDS.—Grants awarded under 
this section for education activities referred to in 
paragraph (1) may be used for— 
(A) collaborative interdisciplinary research, 
development, testing, and dissemination of K– 
12, undergraduate, and community college cur-
riculum development, dissemination, and other 
educational tools and methods in artificial intel-
ligence related fields; 
(B) curriculum development in the field of 
technology ethics; 
(C) support for informal education activi-
ties for K–12 students to engage with artificial 
intelligence systems, including mentorship pro-
grams for underrepresented populations; 
(D) efforts to achieve equitable access to 
K–12 artificial intelligence education for popu-
lations and geographic areas traditionally 
underrepresented in the artificial intelligence 
field; 
(E) training and professional development 
programs, including innovative pre-service and 
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in-service programs, in artificial intelligence and 
related fields for K–12 teachers; 
(F) efforts to improve the retention rate 
for researchers focusing on artificial intelligence 
systems at institutions of higher learning and 
other nonprofit research institutions; 
(G) outreach programs to educate the gen-
eral public about the uses of artificial intel-
ligence and its societal implications; 
(H) assessments of activities conducted 
under this subsection; and 
(I) any other relevant activities the Direc-
tor determines will accomplish the aim de-
scribed in paragraph (1). 
(3) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINEESHIPS 
AND FELLOWSHIPS.— 
(A) 
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE 
TRAINEESHIPS.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall award 
grants to institutions of higher education 
to establish traineeship programs for grad-
uate students who pursue artificial intel-
ligence-related research leading to a mas-
ters or doctorate degree by providing fund-
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ing and other assistance, and by providing 
graduate students opportunities for re-
search experiences in government or indus-
try related to the students’ artificial intel-
ligence studies. 
(ii) USE OF FUNDS.—An institution 
of higher education shall use grant funds 
provided under clause (i) for the purposes 
of— 
(I) providing traineeships to stu-
dents who are pursuing research in 
artificial intelligence leading to a mas-
ters or doctorate degree; 
(II) paying tuition and fees for 
students receiving traineeships who 
are citizens, nationals, or lawfully ad-
mitted permanent resident aliens of 
the United States; 
(III) 
creating 
and 
requiring 
courses or training programs in tech-
nology ethics for students receiving 
traineeships; 
(IV) creating opportunities for 
research in technology ethics for stu-
dents receiving traineeships; 
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(V) establishing scientific intern-
ship programs for students receiving 
traineeships in artificial intelligence at 
for-profit institutions, nonprofit re-
search institutions, or government lab-
oratories; and 
(VI) other costs associated with 
the administration of the program. 
(B) ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
FELLOW-
SHIPS.—The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall award fellowships to masters 
and doctoral students and postdoctoral re-
searchers at institutions of higher education 
who are pursuing degrees or research in artifi-
cial intelligence and related fields, including in 
the field of technology ethics. In making such 
awards, the Director shall— 
(i) ensure recipients of artificial intel-
ligence fellowships are citizens, nationals, 
or lawfully admitted permanent resident 
aliens of the United States; and 
(ii) 
conduct 
outreach, 
including 
through formal solicitations, to solicit pro-
posals from students and postdoctoral re-
searchers seeking to carry out research in 
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aspects of technology ethics with relevance 
to artificial intelligence systems. 
(C) FACULTY
RECRUITMENT
FELLOW-
SHIPS.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall estab-
lish a program to award grants to institu-
tions of higher education to recruit and re-
tain tenure-track or tenured faculty in ar-
tificial intelligence and related fields. 
(ii) USE OF FUNDS.—An institution 
of higher education shall use grant funds 
provided under clause (i) for the purposes 
of— 
(I) recruiting new tenure-track or 
tenured faculty members to that con-
duct research and teaching in artifi-
cial intelligence and related fields and 
research areas, including technology 
ethics; and 
(II) paying salary and benefits 
for the academic year of newly re-
cruited tenure-track or tenured fac-
ulty members for a duration of up to 
3 years. 
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(D) FACULTY TECHNOLOGY ETHICS FEL-
LOWSHIPS.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall estab-
lish a program to award fellowships to ten-
ure-track and tenured faculty in social and 
behavioral sciences, ethics, law, and related 
fields to develop new research projects and 
partnerships in technology ethics, in col-
laboration with faculty conducting empir-
ical research in artificial intelligence and 
related fields. 
(ii) PURPOSES.—The purposes of such 
fellowships are to enable researchers in so-
cial and behavioral sciences, ethics, law, 
and related fields to establish new research 
and education partnerships with research-
ers in artificial intelligence and related 
fields; learn new techniques and acquire 
systematic knowledge in artificial intel-
ligence and related fields; shift their re-
search to focus on technology ethics; and 
mentor and advise graduate students and 
postdocs pursuing research in technology 
ethics. 
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(iii) USES OF FUNDS.—A fellowship 
may include salary and benefits for up to 
one academic year and additional expenses 
to support coursework or equivalent train-
ing in artificial intelligence systems. 
(E) UPDATE TO ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER 
SCHOLARSHIP
PROGRAM.—Section 10(i)(5) of 
the National Science Foundation Authorization 
Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n–1(i)(5)) is 
amended by inserting ‘‘and artificial intel-
ligence’’ after ‘‘computer science’’. 
(4) UPDATE
TO
ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGICAL 
EDUCATION PROGRAM.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Section 3(b) of the Sci-
entific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 
(42 U.S.C. 1862(i)) is amended by striking 
‘‘10’’ and inserting ‘‘12’’. 
(B) ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
CENTERS 
OF
EXCELLENCE.—The Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation shall establish na-
tional centers of scientific and technical edu-
cation to advance education and workforce de-
velopment in areas related to artificial intel-
ligence pursuant to Section 3 of the Scientific 
and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 
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U.S.C. 1862(i)). Activities of such centers may 
include— 
(i) the development, dissemination, 
and evaluation of curriculum and other 
educational tools and methods in artificial 
intelligence related fields and research 
areas, including technology ethics; 
(ii) the development and evaluation of 
artificial intelligence related certifications 
for 2-year programs; and 
(iii) interdisciplinary science and engi-
neering 
research 
in 
employment-based 
adult learning and career retraining re-
lated to artificial intelligence fields. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science 
Foundation to carry out this section $868,000,000 for fis-
cal year 2021. 
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TITLE V—DEPARTMENT OF EN-
ERGY 
ARTIFICIAL 
INTEL-
LIGENCE 
RESEARCH 
PRO-
GRAM 
SEC. 5501. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ARTIFICIAL INTEL-
LIGENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 
cross-cutting research and development program to ad-
vance artificial intelligence tools, systems, capabilities, and 
workforce needs and to improve the reliability of artificial 
intelligence methods and solutions relevant to the mission 
of the Department. In carrying out this program, the Sec-
retary shall coordinate across all relevant offices and pro-
grams at the Department, including the Office of Science, 
the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 
the Office of Nuclear Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, 
the Office of Electricity, the Office of Cybersecurity, En-
ergy Security, and Emergency Response, the Advanced 
Research Projects Agency-Energy, and any other relevant 
office determined by the Secretary. 
(b) RESEARCH AREAS.—In carrying out the program 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall award financial 
assistance to eligible entities to carry out research projects 
on topics including— 
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(1) the application of artificial intelligence sys-
tems to improve large-scale simulations of natural 
and other phenomena; 
(2) the study of applied mathematics, computer 
science, and statistics, including foundations of 
methods and systems of artificial intelligence, causal 
and statistical inference, and the development of al-
gorithms for artificial intelligence systems; 
(3) the analysis of existing large-scale datasets 
from science and engineering experiments and sim-
ulations, including energy simulations and other pri-
orities at the Department as determined by the Sec-
retary using artificial intelligence tools and tech-
niques; 
(4) the development of operation and control 
systems that enhance automated, intelligent deci-
sionmaking capabilities; 
(5) the development of advanced computing 
hardware and computer architecture tailored to arti-
ficial intelligence systems, including the codesign of 
networks and computational hardware; 
(6) the development of standardized datasets 
for emerging artificial intelligence research fields 
and applications, including methods for addressing 
data scarcity; and 
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(7) the development of trustworthy artificial in-
telligence systems, including— 
(A) algorithmic explainability; 
(B) analytical methods for identifying and 
mitigating bias in artificial intelligence systems; 
and 
(C) safety and robustness, including assur-
ance, verification, validation, security, and con-
trol. 
(c) TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.—In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall support 
technology transfer of artificial intelligence systems for the 
benefit of society and United States economic competitive-
ness. 
(d) FACILITY USE AND UPGRADES.—In carrying out 
the program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 
(1) make available high-performance computing 
infrastructure at national laboratories; 
(2) make any upgrades necessary to enhance 
the use of existing computing facilities for artificial 
intelligence systems, including upgrades to hard-
ware; 
(3) establish new computing capabilities nec-
essary to manage data and conduct high perform-
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ance computing that enables the use of artificial in-
telligence systems; and 
(4) maintain and improve, as needed, net-
working infrastructure, data input and output mech-
anisms, and data analysis, storage, and service capa-
bilities. 
(e) ETHICS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall amend grant proposal instructions to in-
clude a requirement for an ethics statement to be in-
cluded as part of any proposal for funding prior to 
making the award. Such statement shall be consid-
ered by the Secretary in the review of proposals, tak-
ing into consideration any relevant input from the 
peer-reviewers for the proposal, and shall factor into 
award decisions as deemed necessary by the Sec-
retary. Such statements may include, as appro-
priate— 
(A) the potential societal benefits of the re-
search; 
(B) any foreseeable or quantifiable risks to 
society, including how the research could enable 
products, technologies, or other outcomes that 
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could intentionally or unintentionally cause sig-
nificant societal harm; and 
(C) how technical or social solutions can 
mitigate such risks and, as appropriate, a plan 
to implement such mitigation measures. 
(2) GUIDANCE.—The Secretary shall issue clear 
guidance on what constitutes risks as described in 
section (1)(B), and to the extent practical harmonize 
this policy with existing ethical policies or related re-
quirements for human subjects. 
(3) ANNUAL
REPORTS.—The Secretary shall 
encourage awardees to update their ethics state-
ments as appropriate as part of the annual reports 
required by all awardees under the grant terms and 
conditions. 
(f) RISK MANAGEMENT.—The Secretary shall review 
agency policies for risk management in artificial intel-
ligence related projects and issue as necessary policies and 
principles that are consistent with the framework devel-
oped under section 5301(b). 
(g) DATA PRIVACY AND SHARING.—The Secretary 
shall review agency policies for data sharing with other 
public and private sector organizations and issue as nec-
essary policies and principles that are consistent with the 
standards and guidelines submitted under section 5301(c). 
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In addition, the Secretary shall establish a streamlined 
mechanism for approving research projects or partner-
ships that require sharing sensitive public or private data 
with the Department. 
(h) PARTNERSHIPS WITH OTHER FEDERAL AGEN-
CIES.—The Secretary may request, accept, and provide 
funds from other Federal departments and agencies, 
State, United States territory, local, or Tribal government 
agencies, private sector for-profit entities, and nonprofit 
entities, to be available to the extent provided by appro-
priations Acts, to support a research project or partner-
ship carried out under this section. The Secretary may not 
give any special consideration to any agency or entity in 
return for a donation. 
(i) STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT.—In carrying out 
the activities authorized in this section, the Secretary 
shall— 
(1) collaborate with a range of stakeholders in-
cluding small businesses, institutes of higher edu-
cation, industry, and the National Laboratories; 
(2) leverage the collective body of knowledge 
from existing artificial intelligence and machine 
learning research; and 
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(3) engage with other Federal agencies, re-
search communities, and potential users of informa-
tion produced under this section. 
(j) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy. 
(2) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
(3) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘na-
tional laboratory’’ has the meaning given such term 
in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 15801). 
(4) ELIGIBLE
ENTITIES.—The term ‘‘eligible 
entities’’ means— 
(A) an institution of higher education; 
(B) a National Laboratory; 
(C) a Federal research agency; 
(D) a State research agency; 
(E) a nonprofit research organization; 
(F) a private sector entity; or 
(G) a consortium of 2 or more entities de-
scribed in subparagraph (A) through (F). 
(k) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Department to 
carry out this section $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2021. 
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SEC. 5502. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY VETERANS’ HEALTH 
INITIATIVE. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
(2) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na-
tional Laboratory’’ has the meaning given that term 
in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 15801). 
(3) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy. 
(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this section are to 
advance Department of Energy expertise in artificial intel-
ligence and high-performance computing in order to im-
prove health outcomes for veteran populations by— 
(1) supporting basic research through the appli-
cation of artificial intelligence, high-performance 
computing, modeling and simulation, machine learn-
ing, and large-scale data analytics to identify and 
solve outcome-defined challenges in the health 
sciences; 
(2) maximizing the impact of the Department 
of Veterans Affairs’ health and genomics data 
housed at the National Laboratories, as well as data 
from other sources, on science, innovation, and 
health care outcomes through the use and advance-
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(A) Authorized uses of appropriated funds 
for child care and school-age care services. 
(B) Access to, and total capacity of, Coast 
Guard child development centers and Depart-
ment of Defense child development centers. 
(C) Child care and school-age care pro-
grams or policy. 
(D) Coast Guard and Department of De-
fense programs to provide additional assistance 
to members and civilian employees with respect 
to child care and school-age care options. 
(E) Respite care programs. 
(F) Nonappropriated funds. 
(G) Coast Guard family child care centers. 
(H) Coast Guard and Department of De-
fense publicly available online resources for 
families seeking military child care and school- 
age care. 
(4) FEASIBILITY.—An analysis of the feasibility 
of the Commandant entering into agreements with 
private child care and school-age care service pro-
viders to provide child care and school-age care for 
qualified families. 
(5) AVAILABILITY.—An analysis of the avail-
ability of child care and school-age care for qualified 
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