or section 305(a)(2) if the President submits to Con-
gress a determination that officers, employees, and 
agents of the Government of Russia no longer en-
gage in the conduct described in section 304(a)(2). 
(2) WAIVER.—The President may, on or after 
the date on which the President submits the deter-
mination described in paragraph (1), waive the pro-
hibition imposed pursuant to section 305(a)(1) with 
respect to Russian sovereign debt (as defined in such 
section) issued on or after such date if the President 
concurrently submits to Congress a notification that 
includes a justification of the basis for waiving such 
prohibition. 
SEC. 307. ENHANCED MILITARY ACTIVITIES TO DETER RUS-
SIAN AGGRESSION. 
(a) NATO EXERCISES.—The Secretary of Defense, 
in consultation with appropriate officials of other countries 
in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), shall 
seek opportunities to conduct more NATO naval exercises 
in the Baltic and Black Seas, as well as in the northern 
Atlantic Ocean, to defend the seas around Europe and 
deter Russian aggression in those regions. 
(b) JOINT RESEARCH PROJECTS.—The Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, may 
conduct joint research projects with NATO allies pursuant 
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to the authorities under chapter 138 of title 10, United 
States Code, including projects through NATO Centers of 
Excellence, to— 
(1) improve NATO reconnaissance capabilities 
to track Russian military exercises; 
(2) enhance NATO anti-submarine warfare ca-
pabilities against Russia; 
(3) increase the numbers of modern sensors 
placed on NATO aircraft, submarines, and surface 
ships; or 
(4) enhance NATO capabilities to detect and 
deter Russian information operations. 
SEC. 308. UNITED STATES PERSON DEFINED. 
In this subtitle, the term ‘‘United States person’’ 
means— 
(1) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
admitted for permanent residence to the United 
States; and 
(2) an entity organized under the laws of the 
United States or of any jurisdiction within the 
United States, including a foreign branch of such an 
entity. 
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Subtitle B—Imposition of Sanc-
tions 
on 
Certain 
Russian 
Parastatal Entities 
SEC. 311. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS ON CERTAIN RUS-
SIAN PARASTATAL ENTITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall im-
pose the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect 
to not less than five entities and including any individuals 
associated with such entities, that— 
(1) are identified as Russian parastatal entities 
in the report required by section 241(a)(2) of the 
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
tions Act (Public Law 115–44; 131 Stat. 922) and 
submitted to Congress on January 29, 2018; and 
(2) are not currently subject to sanctions im-
posed by the United States. 
(b) CRITERIA.—In determining those entities and in-
dividuals described in subsection (a) with respect to which 
sanctions described in subsection (c) are to be imposed, 
the President shall take into account the extent to which 
such entities and individuals meet the criteria described 
in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section 241(a)(2) of 
the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions 
Act. 
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(c) SANCTIONS
DESCRIBED.—The sanctions de-
scribed in this subsection are the following: 
(1) ASSET BLOCKING.—The exercise of all pow-
ers granted to the President by the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit 
all transactions in all property and interests in prop-
erty of a person determined by the President to be 
subject to subsection (b) if such property and inter-
ests in property are in the United States, come with-
in the United States, or are or come within the pos-
session or control of a United States person. 
(2) EXCLUSION
FROM
THE
UNITED
STATES 
AND REVOCATION OF VISA OR OTHER DOCUMENTA-
TION.—In the case of an alien determined by the 
President to be subject to subsection (a) denial of a 
visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, the 
alien, and revocation in accordance with section 
221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1201(i)), of any visa or other documentation 
of the alien. 
(d) DEFINITION.—In subsection (c), the term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
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(1) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
admitted for permanent residence to the United 
States; or 
(2) an entity organized under the laws of the 
United States or of any jurisdiction within the 
United States, including a foreign branch of such an 
entity. 
Subtitle C—Punishing Continued 
Occupation of Ukraine Act 
SEC. 321. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Punishing Contin-
ued Occupation of Ukraine Act’’. 
SEC. 322. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) On February 27, 2014, the Russian Federa-
tion unlawfully invaded Ukraine’s Crimea region and 
shortly thereafter intervened and occupied parts of 
Ukraine. 
(2) Russia continues to flout the Minsk Agree-
ment and subsequent clarifications to address the 
ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in 
Minsk, Belarus, on February 11, 2015, by the lead-
ers of Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany, and 
the Minsk Protocol, which was agreed to on Sep-
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