‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The President, acting 
through the Administrator of the Federal Emer-
gency Management Agency, in consultation with the 
National Association of Emergency Medical Techni-
cians and the Military Health System, shall establish 
a National Disaster Medical Triage capacity that 
shall include the development of guidelines for Tac-
tical Disaster Casualty Care which shall be used for 
medical evacuation protocols to be implemented by 
local and State governments in advance of certain 
major disasters, as designated by the Administrator 
in consultation with the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services and the Secretary of Veterans Af-
fairs to— 
‘‘(A) remove individuals with requisite 
health conditions, including dialysis patients, 
heart patients, diabetics, physically impaired in-
dividuals, pregnant individuals, those who have 
recently delivered a child, and individuals recov-
ering from surgery, out of the path of danger; 
and 
‘‘(B) establish medical priorities policies 
for certain disaster situations, as determined by 
the Administrator, to reduce loss of life and 
human suffering. 
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‘‘(2) LOCAL
EFFORTS.—In carrying out this 
subsection, the Administrator shall promote local ef-
forts to develop compacts with medical systems to 
take patients for short-term disaster evacuation or 
to host locations for field hospitals when needed. 
‘‘(3) LIABILITY PROTECTIONS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to this para-
graph, a covered person shall be immune from 
suit and liability under Federal and State law 
with respect to all claims for medical care by a 
board certified or accredited practitioner arising 
out of medical services provided to an individual 
in the course of a medical evacuation protocol 
described in paragraph (1). 
‘‘(B) COVERED PERSON.—The term ‘cov-
ered person’ means a person— 
‘‘(i) who is a health care provider li-
censed under the laws of the State in 
which the action giving rise to the claim 
described in subparagraph (A) occurred; 
‘‘(ii) who was providing medical serv-
ices that are within the scope of the per-
son’s license; 
‘‘(iii) was acting in accordance with a 
protocol described in paragraph (1); and 
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‘‘(iv) is acting in a volunteer capacity. 
‘‘(C) WILLFUL MISCONDUCT.—This para-
graph shall not apply in the case of willful mis-
conduct (as such term is defined in section 
319F–3 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 247–6d)). 
‘‘(e) INCIDENT MEDICAL RECOVERY MANAGEMENT 
TEAM.—Not later than 18 months after the date of enact-
ment of the FEMA Modernization Act of 2018, the Presi-
dent, acting through the Administrator of the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency and in consultation with 
the American College of Surgeons and the Department of 
Defense Health Agency, shall establish an Incident Med-
ical Recovery Management Team to determine best prac-
tices in implementing an Advanced Trauma Life Support 
capabilities, to assess health impacts that result from fed-
erally declared disasters.’’. 
SEC. 103. LABOR TRAINING PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall es-
tablish a program to provide education and job training 
to those who become unemployed or underemployed due 
to the effects of a federally declared disaster and who have 
enrolled for disaster assistance through a federally created 
or recognized program. To qualify for assistance under 
this section, an individual shall have been employed, re-
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ceiving government employment assistance or benefits, or 
enrolled in a high school, college, or training program at 
the time of the disaster. Such assistance may be in the 
form of unemployment benefits, job training programs, 
and displaced worker assistance. 
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—Funds provided under the pro-
gram shall be used for— 
(1) retraining or new employment skills train-
ing or education to fill positions that will transition 
the person into new jobs; and 
(2) providing incentives to employers who em-
ploy individuals who are receiving housing assistance 
under section 102 or have filed a disaster claim 
under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
Emergency Assistance Act. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to 
carry out this section $100,000,000, for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2029. 
SEC. 104. DISASTER EMERGENCY HOUSING ASSISTANCE 
GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There shall be established a 
Disaster Emergency Housing Assistance Grant Program 
under which Administrator of FEMA may authorize the 
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, pursuant 
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to the authority under section 408 of the Robert T. Staf-
ford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 5174) and according to the terms of such section, 
to provide immediate housing and urban development as-
sistance that meets the particular housing needs of sur-
vivors of a federally declared disaster event. 
(b) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated not more than $300,000,000, for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2029 to carry out the program under 
this section. 
(c) AUTHORITY.—The President may grant to the 
Administrator of FEMA approval to activate a Disaster 
Emergency Housing Assistance Grant Program. 
(d) WAIVER.—The requirements of section 408 of 
such Act may be waived for 180 days by the President 
if a request for a waiver is made by the Administrator 
and agreed to by the Secretary of Housing and Urban De-
velopment in the case of a federally declared major dis-
aster wherein 60 percent or more of the housing stock is 
severely damaged, destroyed, or is otherwise render medi-
cally unsafe for human habitation, which shall include con-
dominiums and housing cooperatives. 
SEC. 105. HOUSING POST DISASTER STABILITY. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 365 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
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FEMA, in coordination with the Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development and with the advice of the Bureau 
of Consumer Financial Protection, shall establish mecha-
nisms to stabilize housing economies within areas des-
ignated as Federal disasters for the period of 60 months 
into a long-term recovery such that the available housing 
designated as low- and moderate-income housing is main-
tained at a rate that meets 90 percent or more of the pre- 
disaster low- to moderate-income housing levels for the 
population impacted by the disaster. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—In establishing the mecha-
nisms under subsection (a), the Secretary shall ensure the 
following: 
(1) Multi-unit housing owners or operators who 
receive disaster-related loans provided by the Small 
Business Administration, or provided with other 
Federal funding to recover, rehabilitate, or construct 
new housing, are prohibited from raising rents on 
those multi-family housing units for the first 18 
months of occupancy following the disaster-related 
repairs or construction have ended. 
(2) Beginning on the date that is 18 months 
after a report of construction is completed and an 
necessary inspections certify that a segment of mul-
tifamily housing is approved for occupancy, for a pe-
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riod of 30 months after occupancy begins with re-
spect to each unit that was repaired or created using 
Federal assistance, the cost of rent for such unit 
shall not increase by more than 10 percent of the 
rent charged for the month prior to the disaster. 
(3) New multi-unit housing rental rates should 
be comparable to the rents charged for similar rent-
als serving the market impacted by the disaster. 
(4) With respect to any unit of housing des-
ignated as a single, individually owned housing unit 
in a multi-unit building by local tax records at least 
24 months prior to a Federally declared major dis-
aster— 
(A) homeowners or purchasers of such a 
unit shall qualify for housing repair and new 
construction assistance under a loan program 
carried out by the Secretary that provides for 
Federal guaranteed loans at the 1.25 percent; 
and 
(B) owners or operators of such a multi- 
unit building shall qualify for assistance for re-
construction or repair of common areas under 
a loan program carried out by the Secretary 
that provides for Federal guaranteed loans at a 
rate of 4.5 percent. 
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SEC. 106. PROHIBITION ON ENFORCEMENT OF IMMIGRA-
TION. 
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during 
a federally declared disaster, the Secretary of Homeland 
Security may not enforce the immigration laws (as such 
term is defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101)) with respect to any alien 
who is seeking assistance, including housing, as a result 
of such disaster. 
TITLE II—REPORTS 
SEC. 201. FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY 
REPORTS. 
(a) CASEWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REPORT.— 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator shall submit a report on the ability 
of FEMA to support a State managed and locally executed 
casework management system to coordinate and deliver di-
rect assistance to disaster survivors in placing applications 
for Federal post disaster assistance to the following: 
(1) The Committee on Homeland Security of 
the House of Representatives. 
(2) The Committee on Energy and Commerce 
of the House of Representatives. 
(3) The Committee on Ways and Means of the 
House of Representatives. 
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(4) The Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
(5) The Committee on House Administration of 
the House of Representatives. 
(6) The Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs of the Senate. 
(7) The Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate. 
(8) The Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate. 
(9) The Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the 
Senate. 
(10) The Committee on Rules and Administra-
tion of the Senate. 
(b) AFTER-ACTION REPORTS.—Not later than 2 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter, the Administrator of FEMA shall submit to the 
committees listed in subsection (a) an after-action report 
on the activities of the Office of Disaster Response and 
the Office of Disaster Recovery, including— 
(1) the types of disasters responded to; 
(2) the resources needed; 
(3) strengths and weaknesses of the response or 
mitigation effort; 
(4) lessons learned; and 
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(5) recommendations on how to improve. 
(c) CATASTROPHIC RESOURCE REPORTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter, the Administrator of FEMA shall develop 
and submit to the committees listed in subsection 
(a) an estimate of the resources of FEMA and other 
Federal agencies that are needed for and devoted 
specifically to developing the disaster response capa-
bilities of Federal, State, local, and Tribal govern-
ments. 
(2) CLASSIFIED ANNEX.—At the discretion of 
the Secretary, the Administrator may include in the 
estimate under paragraph (1) a classified annex that 
reports on what the Federal Government has on 
hand to meet a range of response or recovery needs 
related to specific types of events, which may include 
floods, wildfires, earth movements, windstorms, dis-
ease outbreaks, manmade disasters such as chemical 
attacks, cyberattacks, or radiological incidents. 
(3) CONTENTS.—Each estimate under para-
graph (1) shall include an estimate of the resources 
both necessary for and devoted to— 
(A) planning; 
(B) training and exercises; 
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(C) Regional Office enhancements; 
(D) staffing, including for surge capacity 
during a catastrophic incident; 
(E) additional logistics capabilities; 
(F) other responsibilities under the cata-
strophic incident annex and the catastrophic in-
cident supplement of the National Response 
Framework; 
(G) reporting on the costs of support of 
State, local, and Tribal governments’ cata-
strophic incident preparedness planning; and 
(H) covering increases in the fixed costs or 
expenses of FEMA, including rent or property 
acquisition costs or expenses, taxes, contribu-
tions to the working capital fund of the Depart-
ment of Homeland Security, and security costs 
for the year after the year in which such esti-
mate is submitted. 
(d) REPORT ON TECHNOLOGY.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of FEMA shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a study on what technology may provide 
better predictive information on the detection of pending 
disasters and what technology may better measure the 
scope of a disaster. 
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(e) VOLUNTEERS
AND DISASTER RESPONSE RE-
PORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the head of the Office of Disaster Re-
sponse shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a volunteers and disaster response report that 
specifies— 
(1) the role that volunteers fill in disaster re-
sponse and rescue; and 
(2) recommendations on the contributions of 
volunteers and best practices for official disaster re-
sponse, without formalizing the role of volunteers in 
disaster response. 
(f) COMPILATION OF FATALITY AND MISSING PER-
SONS DATA.—Not later than 1 year after the date on 
which the President declares a major disaster or emer-
gency under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.), the 
Administrator of FEMA shall submit to the Committee 
on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee 
on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate a report that compiles 
the number of fatalities and missing persons as a result 
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of such major disaster or emergency, including the causes 
of such fatalities, based on data from— 
(1) local and State jurisdictions; 
(2) mortuary services that operated in the area 
of such major disaster or emergency; and 
(3) forensics experts, anthropologists, and other 
resources the Administrator deems appropriate for 
determining accurate and complete fatality and 
missing persons data. 
(g) FEDERAL REIMBURSEMENTS.—Not later than 
240 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ad-
ministrator of FEMA shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on 
Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a report on the status of 
Federal reimbursements owed to local and State govern-
ments for activities related to disaster recovery incurred 
following a presidential declaration of a major disaster or 
emergency under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief 
and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) 
in the years 2010 through 2017. 
(h) LONG-TERM RECOVERY.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 240 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of FEMA, acting through the Office of Long- 
Term Recovery, shall submit to the committees spec-
ified in paragraphs (1) through (8) of subsection (a) 
a report that assesses the means of providing short- 
and long-term housing for people impacted by feder-
ally declared disasters following September 11, 
2001, Hurricanes Katrina, Sandy, Harvey, and 
Maria, and the Camp Fire (Paradise, California). 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—The report required 
under paragraph (1) shall consider— 
(A) how mucking out of homes or property 
post disaster occurred; 
(B) how long it took for construction re-
pairs to be performed; and 
(C) the adequacy of labor and materials to 
meet demand and note any challenges to a 
rapid recovery of housing and critical infra-
structure posed by materials supply, labor sup-
ply or contracting expertise in the disaster area. 
(3) ASSESSMENT.—The report required under 
paragraph (1) shall— 
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(A) assess the feasibility and efficiency of 
providing long-term housing at hotels or other 
equivalent daily rate accommodation; 
(B) consider alternatives that may include 
private residences, mass construction of tem-
porary housing, Federal property, or planned 
communities for occupancy for under 5 years in 
the event of significant loss of housing stock; 
and 
(C) make recommendations on how best to 
resettle individuals who will be displaced from 
homes permanently or for a long-term recovery 
that will last 3 or more years. 
SEC. 202. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 
(a) BIENNIAL REPORTS.—Not later than 3 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, and biennially 
thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the activities of the Office of Disaster Re-
sponse and the Office of Disaster Recovery, including rec-
ommendations and assessments of the effectiveness of the 
offices. 
(b) OFFICE OF DISASTER RECOVERY EFFORTS RE-
PORT.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
General shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report on long-term recovery ef-
forts following Hurricane Andrew, the attacks of 
September 11, 2001, Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane 
Ike, Hurricane Sandy, Hurricane Harvey, Hurricane 
Maria, Hurricane Florence, and California wild fires. 
(2) CONTENT
OF
REPORT.—The report shall 
contain the following: 
(A) Information on defining a long-term 
recovery, the stages of a long-term recovery, 
and the transition from Federal Government re-
sponsibilities for long-term recovery efforts to 
State and local leadership. 
(B) An assessment of the personnel need-
ed, and the types of expertise or certifications 
required, to accomplish the administration and 
management of recovery efforts for each of the 
disasters described in subsection (a). 
(C) An analysis of the success and effi-
ciency of the long-term disaster recovery, and 
best practices learned that may be applied to 
future long-term disaster recovery plans. 
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