SEC. 2. RESEARCH RELATING TO PRETERM LABOR AND DE-
LIVERY AND THE CARE, TREATMENT, AND 
OUTCOMES OF PRETERM AND LOW BIRTH-
WEIGHT INFANTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 3(e) of the Prematurity 
Research Expansion and Education for Mothers who de-
liver Infants Early Act (42 U.S.C. 247b–4f(e)) is amended 
by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2019 through 2023’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘fiscal years 2024 through 2028’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Effective as if in-
cluded in the enactment of the PREEMIE Reauthoriza-
tion Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–328), section 2 of such 
Act is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘Section 2’’ and inserting ‘‘Section 3’’. 
SEC. 3. PUBLIC AND HEALTH CARE PROVIDER EDUCATION 
AND SUPPORT SERVICES. 
Section 399Q of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 280g–5) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1)(D)— 
(A) by redesignating clauses (vi) and (vii) 
as clauses (vii) and (viii); and 
(B) by inserting after clause (iv) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(v) screening for and treatment of 
chronic conditions;’’; and 
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(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘fiscal years 
2014 through 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 
2024 through 2028’’. 
SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP. 
Section 5(a) of the PREEMIE Reauthorization Act 
of 2018 (Public Law 115–328) is amended by striking 
‘‘The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in collabo-
ration with other departments, as appropriate, may estab-
lish’’ and inserting ‘‘Not later than 18 months after the 
date of the enactment of the PREEMIE Reauthorization 
Act of 2023, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
in collaboration with other departments, as appropriate, 
shall establish’’. 
SEC. 5. STUDY ON PRETERM BIRTHS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services shall enter into appropriate arrange-
ments with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineer-
ing, and Medicine under which the National Academies 
shall— 
(1) not later than 30 days after the date of en-
actment of this Act, convene a committee of experts 
in maternal health to study premature births in the 
United States; and 
(2) upon completion of the study under para-
graph (1)— 
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(A) approve by consensus a report on the 
results of such study; 
(B) include in such report— 
(i) an assessment of each of the topics 
listed in subsection (b); 
(ii) the analysis required by sub-
section (c); and 
(iii) the raw data used to develop such 
report; and 
(C) not later than 24 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, transmit such re-
port to— 
(i) the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services; 
(ii) the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representa-
tives; and 
(iii) the Committee on Finance and 
the Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate. 
(b) ASSESSMENT TOPICS.—The topics listed in this 
subsection are of each of the following: 
(1) The financial costs of premature birth to so-
ciety, including— 
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(A) an analysis of stays in neonatal inten-
sive care units and the cost of such stays; 
(B) long-term costs of stays in such units 
to society and the family involved post-dis-
charge; and 
(C) health care costs for families post-dis-
charge from such units (such as medications, 
therapeutic services, co-pays visits and specialty 
equipment). 
(2) The factors that impact pre-term birth 
rates. 
(3) Gaps in public health programs that have 
caused increases in premature birth, including— 
(A) gaps in the detection of premature 
birth risk factors; 
(B) gaps in information from States on 
pre-term birth; and 
(C) gaps in support and resources for par-
ents provided in-hospital, in non-hospital set-
tings, and post-discharge. 
(c) ANALYSIS.—The analysis required by this sub-
section is an analysis of— 
(1) targeted research strategies to develop effec-
tive drugs, treatments, or interventions to bring at- 
risk pregnancies to term; 
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(2) State and other programs’ best practices 
with respect to reducing premature birth rates; 
(3) opportunities to address developmental ori-
gins of health with respect to premature birth rates; 
and 
(4) precision medicine and preventative care ap-
proaches starting early in the life course (including 
during pregnancy) with a focus on behavioral and bi-
ological influences on premature birth, child health, 
and the trajectory of such approaches into adult-
hood. 
Æ 
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