586 
TITLE 
XIII—COOPERATIVE 
THREAT 
REDUCTION 
WITH 
STATES OF THE FORMER SO-
VIET UNION 
Sec. 1301. Specification of Cooperative Threat Reduction programs and funds. 
Sec. 1302. Funding allocations. 
Sec. 1303. New initiatives for the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program. 
Sec. 1304. Requirements relating to chemical weapons destruction at Shchuch’ye, 
Russia. 
Sec. 1305. Repeal of restrictions on Cooperative Threat Reduction Program. 
Sec. 1306. Authority to use Cooperative Threat Reduction funds outside the 
former Soviet Union. 
SEC. 1301. SPECIFICATION OF COOPERATIVE THREAT RE-
DUCTION PROGRAMS AND FUNDS. 
(a) SPECIFICATION OF CTR PROGRAMS.—For pur-
poses of section 301 and other provisions of this Act, Coop-
erative Threat Reduction programs are the programs speci-
fied in section 1501(b) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104-201; 110 
Stat. 2731; 50 U.S.C. 2362 note). 
(b) FISCAL YEAR 2008 COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUC-
TION FUNDS DEFINED.—As used in this title, the term ‘‘fis-
cal year 2008 Cooperative Threat Reduction funds’’ means 
the funds appropriated pursuant to the authorization of ap-
propriations in section 301 for Cooperative Threat Reduc-
tion programs. 
(c) AVAILABILITY
OF FUNDS.—Funds appropriated 
pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in section 
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301 for Cooperative Threat Reduction programs shall be 
available for obligation for three fiscal years. 
SEC. 1302. FUNDING ALLOCATIONS. 
(a) FUNDING
FOR
SPECIFIC
PURPOSES.—Of the 
$398,000,000 authorized to be appropriated to the Depart-
ment of Defense for fiscal year 2008 in section 301(19) for 
Cooperative Threat Reduction programs, the following 
amounts may be obligated for the purposes specified: 
(1) For strategic offensive arms elimination in 
the Russian Federation, $77,900,000. 
(2) For nuclear weapons storage security in Rus-
sia, $23,000,000. 
(3) For nuclear weapons transportation security 
in Russia, $37,700,000. 
(4) For weapons of mass destruction prolifera-
tion prevention in the states of the former Soviet 
Union, $38,000,000. 
(5) For biological weapons proliferation preven-
tion in the former Soviet Union, $144,400,000. 
(6) For chemical weapons destruction in Russia, 
$42,700,000. 
(7) 
For 
defense 
and 
military 
contacts, 
$8,000,000. 
(8) For new Cooperative Threat Reduction ini-
tiatives that are outside the scope of existing Coopera-
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588 
tive 
Threat 
Reduction 
programs 
and 
projects, 
$7,000,000. 
(9) For activities designated as Other Assess-
ments/Administration costs, $19,300,000, of which 
$300,000 is to expand staff capacity, capabilities, and 
resources necessary for activities related to new Coop-
erative Threat Reduction initiatives authorized under 
paragraph (8). 
(b) REPORT ON OBLIGATION OR EXPENDITURE OF 
FUNDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES.—No fiscal year 2008 Coop-
erative Threat Reduction funds may be obligated or ex-
pended for a purpose other than a purpose listed in para-
graphs (1) through (9) of subsection (a) until 30 days after 
the date that the Secretary of Defense submits to Congress 
a report on the purpose for which the funds will be obligated 
or expended and the amount of funds to be obligated or ex-
pended. Nothing in the preceding sentence shall be construed 
as authorizing the obligation or expenditure of fiscal year 
2008 Cooperative Threat Reduction funds for a purpose for 
which the obligation or expenditure of such funds is specifi-
cally prohibited under this title or any other provision of 
law. 
(c) LIMITED
AUTHORITY
TO
VARY
INDIVIDUAL 
AMOUNTS.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraphs (2) and 
(3), in any case in which the Secretary of Defense de-
termines that it is necessary to do so in the national 
interest, the Secretary may obligate amounts appro-
priated for fiscal year 2008 for a purpose listed in 
any of the paragraphs in subsection (a) in excess of 
the specific amount authorized for that purpose. 
(2) NOTICE-AND-WAIT REQUIRED.—An obligation 
of funds for a purpose stated in any of the para-
graphs in subsection (a) in excess of the specific 
amount authorized for such purpose may be made 
using the authority provided in paragraph (1) only 
after— 
(A) the Secretary submits to Congress noti-
fication of the intent to do so together with a 
complete discussion of the justification for doing 
so; and 
(B) 15 days have elapsed following the date 
of the notification. 
(3) RESTRICTION.—The Secretary may not, 
under the authority provided in paragraph (1), obli-
gate amounts for a purpose stated in any of para-
graphs (6) through (9) of subsection (a) in excess of 
125 percent of the specific amount authorized for such 
purpose. 
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SEC. 1303. NEW INITIATIVES FOR THE COOPERATIVE 
THREAT REDUCTION PROGRAM. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the Department of Defense Cooperative 
Threat Reduction (CTR) Program should be strength-
ened and expanded, in part by developing new CTR 
initiatives; 
(2) such new initiatives should— 
(A) increase international security and 
threat reduction cooperation, capacity building, 
and security and elimination of nuclear, chem-
ical, and biological weapons and weapons-related 
materials that pose a threat to United States na-
tional security interests; 
(B) be well-coordinated with the Depart-
ment of Energy, the Department of State, and 
any other relevant United States Government 
agency or department; 
(C) include robust transparency, account-
ability, verification measures and mechanisms, 
and legal frameworks between the United States 
and CTR partner countries; 
(D) reflect engagement with non-govern-
mental experts, including the National Academy 
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591 
of Sciences, on possible options for strengthening 
and expanding the CTR Program; 
(E) include active work with the Russian 
Federation and other countries to establish 
strong CTR partnerships that, among other 
things— 
(i) increase the role of scientists and 
government officials from Russia and other 
partner countries in designing CTR pro-
grams and projects; and 
(ii) increase financial contributions 
and additional commitments to CTR pro-
grams and projects from Russia and other 
partner countries, as evidence that the pro-
grams and projects reflect national prior-
ities and will be sustainable; 
(F) benefit from broad efforts to increase 
international contributions, in addition to con-
tributions from CTR partner countries, for CTR 
programs and projects; 
(G) incorporate a strong focus on national 
programs and sustainability, which includes ac-
tions to address concerns raised and rec-
ommendations made by the Government Ac-
countability Office, in its report of February 
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2007 titled ‘‘Progress Made in Improving Secu-
rity at Russian Nuclear Sites, but the Long- 
Term Sustainability of U.S. Funded Security 
Upgrades is Uncertain’’, regarding safeguarding 
nuclear warheads and materials; 
(H) demonstrate an increased focus on and 
development of CTR programs and projects that 
eliminate and secure nuclear, chemical, and bio-
logical weapons and weapons-related materials 
at the source; and 
(I) include active efforts to expand the scope 
of existing CTR programs and projects and de-
velop new CTR programs and projects in Russia 
and the former Soviet Union, and in countries 
and regions outside the former Soviet Union, 
where appropriate and in the interest of United 
States national security; and 
(3) such new initiatives could include— 
(A) new CTR programs and projects in 
Asia and the Middle East; 
(B) 
activities 
relating 
to 
the 
denuclearization of the Democratic People’s Re-
public on Korea and security of the Korean pe-
ninsula; and 
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593 
(C) development of rapid-response and 
short-term capabilities to respond to unforeseen 
contingencies or pursue quickly emergent oppor-
tunities. 
(b) NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES STUDY.— 
(1) STUDY.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall enter into an arrangement with the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences under which the Academy 
shall carry out a study to analyze options for 
strengthening and expanding the CTR Program. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED IN STUDY.—The 
Secretary shall provide for the study under paragraph 
(1) to include— 
(A) an assessment of each new CTR initia-
tive described in subsection (a); and 
(B) an identification of options and formu-
lation of recommendations for strengthening and 
expanding the CTR Program. 
(c) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than March 31, 
2008, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the con-
gressional defense committees, and to the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, a 
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report on new CTR initiatives. The report shall in-
clude— 
(A) the results of the study carried out 
under subsection (b), including any report or 
other document received from the National Acad-
emy of Sciences with respect to such study; 
(B) the Secretary’s assessment of the study; 
and 
(C) a specific action plan for the develop-
ment and implementation of new CTR initia-
tives and the use of any funds authorized and 
appropriated for fiscal year 2008 for such initia-
tives, which shall include a discussion of each 
new CTR initiative described in subsection (a) 
and the action plan for implementing the rec-
ommendations, if any, of the study carried out 
under subsection (b) that the Secretary has de-
cided to pursue. 
(2) CLASSIFICATION.—The report shall be in un-
classified form but may include a classified annex if 
necessary. 
(d) FUNDING.—Of the amounts made available pursu-
ant to the authorization of appropriations in section 
301(19) for new CTR initiatives under the CTR Program, 
$1,000,000 shall be available to carry out this section. 
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SEC. 1304. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO CHEMICAL WEAP-
ONS DESTRUCTION AT SHCHUCH’YE, RUSSIA. 
(a) NOTICE OF AGREEMENT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
the commencement of negotiations for, or the signing 
and finalization of, an agreement described in para-
graph (2), the Secretary of Defense shall provide the 
congressional defense committees with formal written 
notice of the commencement of negotiations for that 
agreement or the signing or finalization of that agree-
ment, as the case may be. 
(2) AGREEMENT.—Paragraph (1) applies to any 
agreement with the Russian Federation, the imple-
mentation of which would have the effect of— 
(A) transferring to Russia any responsibil-
ities relating to the scope of work for the 
Shchuch’ye project that are, as of the date of the 
enactment of this Act, responsibilities of the De-
partment of Defense; or 
(B) otherwise changing the implementation 
of the project in any manner inconsistent with 
the purpose and intent of the amounts author-
ized and appropriated for the project. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
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a report on the Shchuch’ye project. The report shall in-
clude— 
(1) a current and detailed cost estimate for com-
pletion of the project; and 
(2) a specific strategic and operating plan for 
completion of the project, which includes— 
(A) active engagement with Russia on se-
curing appropriate contractors and other mat-
ters relating to project completion; 
(B) a comprehensive assessment of alter-
native contracting options; 
(C) robust Department project management 
and oversight, including management and over-
sight with respect to the performance of any con-
tractors; 
(D) project quality assurance and sustain-
ability measures, including measures to ensure 
security of the chemical weapons stockpile at the 
project site; 
(E) metrics for measuring project progress 
with a timetable for achieving goals; 
(F) coordination of the Department’s efforts 
relating to the project with the Department of 
Energy and other departments or agencies of the 
United States Government, international part-
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ners, and non-governmental experts who may be 
helpful in facilitating the project; and 
(G) a project completion date. 
(c) SUBMISSIONS REQUIRED BEFORE IMPLEMENTA-
TION OF AGREEMENT.—The Secretary of Defense may not 
implement any agreement described in subsection (a)(2) 
until 90 days after the date on which the Secretary has 
submitted to the congressional defense committees all of the 
following: 
(1) The report required by subsection (b). 
(2) A copy of the signed and finalized agreement. 
(3) The Secretary’s certification that the signed 
and finalized agreement accomplishes each of the fol-
lowing: 
(A) Describes the respective responsibilities 
of the Department and Russia relating to com-
pletion of the Shchuch’ye project, including in 
the areas of management, oversight, implementa-
tion, security, quality assurance, and sustain-
ability. 
(B) Specifies the date of project completion. 
(C) Provides the safeguards needed to ensure 
timely and effective project completion. 
(D) Ensures that the chemical weapons 
stockpile at the project site is secure. 
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