SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Food and Farm Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
TITLE I—COMMODITIES AND CROP INSURANCE 
Subtitle A—Cutting, Capping, and Clarifying Agriculture Subsidies 
Sec. 101. Repealing excessive subsidy programs for commodity crops. 
Sec. 102. Comprehensive cap on total agricultural subsidies an eligible entity 
may receive. 
Sec. 103. Adjusted gross income limitation. 
Sec. 104. Elimination of separate payment limitation on peanut subsidies. 
Sec. 105. Strengthening prevented planting coverage. 
Sec. 106. Eliminating the yield transfer loophole. 
Sec. 107. Ensuring planting on suitable land. 
Sec. 108. Report on diversity in crop insurance. 
Subtitle B—Expansion of Whole Farm Crop Insurance 
Sec. 121. Expansion of whole farm crop insurance option for farms that grow 
multiple crops. 
TITLE II—CONSERVATION 
Subtitle A—Strengthening Conservation Compliance 
Sec. 201. Definitions. 
Sec. 202. Covered cropland program ineligibility. 
Sec. 203. Exemptions. 
Sec. 204. Development and implementation of conservation plans and conserva-
tion systems. 
Sec. 205. Wetland program ineligibility. 
Sec. 206. Delineation of wetlands; exemptions. 
Subtitle B—Enhancing Environmental Quality Incentives 
Sec. 211. Purposes. 
Sec. 212. Definitions. 
Sec. 213. Establishment and administration. 
Sec. 214. Evaluation of applications. 
Sec. 215. Environmental quality incentives program plan. 
Sec. 216. Duties of the Secretary. 
Sec. 217. Limitation on payments. 
Subtitle C—Reforming the Conservation Stewardship Program 
Sec. 221. Definitions. 
Sec. 222. Conservation stewardship program. 
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Sec. 223. Stewardship contracts. 
Sec. 224. Duties of the Secretary. 
Subtitle D—Building on the Regional Conservation Partnership 
Sec. 231. Improvements to the regional conservation partnership program. 
Subtitle E—Establishing Innovative Grants for Conservation and Loans for 
Structural Improvements 
Sec. 241. Repeal and reestablishment of EQIP conservation innovation grant 
program. 
Sec. 242. Conservation loan and loan guarantee program. 
Subtitle F—Ensuring Greenhouse Gas Reporting for Agriculture 
Sec. 251. Greenhouse gas reporting. 
Sec. 252. Authorization of appropriations. 
Subtitle G—Administration and Funding 
Sec. 261. Commodity credit corporation. 
TITLE III—FOOD ASSISTANCE 
Sec. 301. Elimination of domestic procurement restriction for emergency and 
private assistance programs under the Food for Peace Act. 
Sec. 302. Elimination of cap on support for eligible organizations for certain 
purposes. 
Sec. 303. Elimination of minimum level of local sales requirement under the 
Food for Peace Act. 
Sec. 304. Food for Peace Act extensions. 
TITLE IV—NUTRITION 
Subtitle A—Increasing Access to Healthy Foods 
Sec. 401. Expanding Healthy Food Financing Initiative. 
Sec. 402. Helping schools serve healthier meals. 
Sec. 403. Strengthening the food and agriculture service learning program. 
Sec. 404. Harvesting health program. 
Subtitle B—Improving the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program 
Sec. 411. Continuing the Farmers’ Markets Supplemental Nutrition Assistance 
Program Support Grant Program. 
Sec. 412. Expanding and increasing support for the food insecurity nutrition 
incentives program. 
Sec. 413. Closing the Meal Gap. 
TITLE V—FUTURE OF AMERICAN FARMERS 
Subtitle A—Defining Beginning Farmer or Rancher 
Sec. 501. Beginning farmer or rancher defined. 
Subtitle B—Providing Resources for Beginning, Retiring, and Socially 
Disadvantaged Farmers and Ranchers 
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Sec. 511. Reauthorization and increased funding for outreach and assistance 
for socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers and veteran 
farmers and ranchers. 
Sec. 512. Ensuring permanent funding for beginning farmer and rancher devel-
opment program. 
Sec. 513. Supporting beginning farmer participation in certain conservation 
programs. 
Sec. 514. Creating a priority for participation of beginning farmers and ranch-
ers in Farmers’ Market and Local Food Promotion Program. 
Sec. 515. Supporting beginning farmers and ranchers through Farm Service 
Agency liaisons. 
Sec. 516. Facilitating succession planning through the creation of Farm Service 
Agency regional planners. 
Sec. 517. Ensuring a vibrant agricultural sector through the creation of a land 
tenure commission. 
Subtitle C—Creating Financial Incentives To Benefit Beginning Farmers and 
Ranchers 
Sec. 521. Removing barriers to farming through an eligible farmer tax credit. 
Sec. 522. Ensuring Farm Service Facility loans can serve agricultural coopera-
tives. 
Sec. 523. Loans to cooperatives. 
TITLE VI—FOOD WASTE 
Sec. 601. Sense of Congress regarding reducing food waste. 
Sec. 602. Establishment of Office of Food Waste. 
Sec. 603. Establishment of food loss and waste reduction task force. 
Sec. 604. Standardizing, aggregating, and publishing food waste data. 
TITLE VII—RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS 
Subtitle A—Investing in Sustainable Agriculture 
Sec. 701. Sustainable agriculture research, extension, and education programs. 
Sec. 702. National training program. 
Subtitle B—Supporting Research To Help Farmers Adapt to a Disrupted 
Climate 
Sec. 711. Competitive, special, and facilities grants. 
Sec. 712. Specialty crop research initiative. 
TITLE VIII—ANIMAL WELFARE 
Subtitle A—Ensuring Animal Welfare in Farming 
Sec. 801. Definitions for humanely raised livestock and poultry certification 
programs. 
Sec. 802. Requiring the issuance of the final rule for setting production stand-
ards for organic livestock and poultry without amendment. 
Sec. 803. Increasing market access for humanely raised livestock and poultry 
certification programs. 
Subtitle B—Reforming Animal Welfare in Agricultural Research Endeavors 
Sec. 811. Animal welfare. 
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Sec. 812. Establishing a research and extension program for humanely raised 
livestock and poultry certifications. 
Subtitle C—Protecting Companion Animals 
Sec. 821. Maintenance and public availability of regulatory records. 
Sec. 822. Prohibiting the trade of dog and cat meat. 
TITLE IX—REGIONAL FOOD SYSTEMS 
Subtitle A—Expanding Support for Local and Regional Food Systems 
Sec. 901. Sense of the Congress. 
Sec. 902. Expanding the Food Leveraging Investment for Network Coordina-
tion (LINC) Program. 
Sec. 903. Ensuring success of regional food projects under the business and in-
dustry guaranteed loan program. 
Sec. 904. Increasing support for the specialty crop block grant program. 
Subtitle B—Enhancing Regional Food Infrastructure 
Sec. 911. Supporting regional food infrastructure assessment and collaborative 
planning. 
Sec. 912. Livestock, dairy, and poultry supply chain infrastructure grants and 
loans. 
Subtitle C—Expanding Accessibility of Federal Grant Programs 
Sec. 921. Publishing information about funded Farmers’ Market and Local 
Food Promotion Program projects. 
Sec. 922. Streamlining of local and regional food program application proce-
dures. 
Subtitle D—Leveling the Playing Field for Small Farmers 
Sec. 931. Ensuring fair practices in agriculture. 
TITLE I—COMMODITIES AND 
CROP INSURANCE 
Subtitle A—Cutting, Capping, and 
Clarifying Agriculture Subsidies 
SEC. 101. REPEALING EXCESSIVE SUBSIDY PROGRAMS FOR 
COMMODITY CROPS. 
(a) REPEAL.—Part II of subtitle A of title I of the 
Agriculture Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011 et seq.) is re-
pealed. 
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(b) CONTINUED
APPLICATION
FOR
2017 CROP 
YEAR.—Part II of subtitle A of title I of the Agriculture 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011 et seq.), as in effect on the 
day before the date of the enactment of this Act, shall 
continue to apply through the 2017 crop year with respect 
to each covered commodity (as defined in section 1111(6) 
of such Act (7 U.S.C. 9011(6))) on a farm. 
SEC. 102. COMPREHENSIVE CAP ON TOTAL AGRICULTURAL 
SUBSIDIES AN ELIGIBLE ENTITY MAY RE-
CEIVE. 
Section 1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308–3a) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (e) through (h) 
as subsections (f) through (i), respectively; 
(2) in such subsections, by striking ‘‘(b) and 
(c)’’ and ‘‘(b) or (c)’’ each place it appears and in-
serting ‘‘(b), (c), and (e)’’ and ‘‘(b), (c), or (e)’’, re-
spectively; and 
(3) by inserting after subsection (d) the fol-
lowing new subsection (e): 
‘‘(e) LIMITATION ON TOTAL PAYMENTS.—Notwith-
standing any other provision of law, the total amount of 
payments and benefits described in section 1001D(b)(2) 
received, directly or indirectly, by a person or legal entity 
(except a joint venture or general partnership) during a 
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crop, fiscal, or program year, as appropriate, may not ex-
ceed $125,000.’’. 
SEC. 103. ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME LIMITATION. 
Section 1001D(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(7 U.S.C. 1308–3a(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘$900,000’’ 
and inserting ‘‘$500,000’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the 
following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) A crop insurance premium subsidy 
under section 508(e) of the Federal Crop Insur-
ance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(e)).’’. 
SEC. 104. ELIMINATION OF SEPARATE PAYMENT LIMITA-
TION ON PEANUT SUBSIDIES. 
Section 1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308–3a) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘(OTHER THAN PEANUTS)’’; and 
(B) in the text, by striking ‘‘(other than 
for peanuts)’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the 
following new sentence: ‘‘Effective beginning with 
the 2019 crop year, subsection (b), rather than this 
subsection, shall apply to payments received as mar-
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keting loan gains or loan deficiency payments under 
subtitle B of title I of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
for peanuts.’’. 
SEC. 105. STRENGTHENING PREVENTED PLANTING COV-
ERAGE. 
(a) 
PLANTING
OF
COVER
CROP.—Section 
508A(c)(1)(A)(i) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1508a(c)(1)(A)(i)) is amended by inserting before 
the semicolon the following: ‘‘, but, in that case, the pro-
ducer shall plant a cover crop on the same acreage for 
the same crop year unless doing so would not constitute 
a good farming practice, as determined by the Secretary’’. 
(b) AREA CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR PAYMENT.— 
Section 508A(c)(4) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1508a(c)(4)) is amended by striking ‘‘, in the area 
where’’ and inserting ‘‘in the same county, in an adjoining 
county, or operating within 100 miles of the affected pro-
ducers, whichever area is greater,’’. 
(c) ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS.—Section 508A(c) of 
the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508a) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new para-
graphs: 
‘‘(6) SUCCESSFUL
PLANTING.—In order to 
qualify for prevented planting coverage, the land to 
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be covered must have been planted in at least one 
of the preceding 3 crop years. 
‘‘(7) IRRIGATION GUIDANCE.—The Corporation 
shall develop guidance on the efficient conservative 
use of irrigation water when a crop is clearly lost to 
ensure the program does not contribute to the ineffi-
cient use of water resources. 
‘‘(8) COVERAGE
LEVELS.—Prevented planting 
coverage levels shall not exceed the coverage factors 
as determined by the Corporation.’’. 
SEC. 106. ELIMINATING THE YIELD TRANSFER LOOPHOLE. 
Section 508(g) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1508(g)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(6) YIELD TRANSFER PROHIBITED.—The Cor-
poration shall not allow a producer’s actual produc-
tion records from one parcel of land to be used to 
establish actual production history on a separate 
parcel of land.’’. 
SEC. 107. ENSURING PLANTING ON SUITABLE LAND. 
Section 508(e) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1508(e)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing paragraph: 
‘‘(9) PROHIBITION OF SUBSIDIES ON UNSUIT-
ABLE LAND.—The Corporation shall ensure that no 
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premium benefits are provided on lands, other than 
for pasture, forage, or rangeland policy benefits, 
that are classified as generally unsuitable for cultiva-
tion by the land capability classification system, as 
determined by the Secretary.’’. 
SEC. 108. REPORT ON DIVERSITY IN CROP INSURANCE. 
Section 508(k)(8) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1508(k)(8)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(G) ANNUAL DIVERSITY REPORT.—Each 
Standard Reinsurance Agreement shall include 
a requirement for all approved insurance pro-
viders to submit to the Corporation on an an-
nual basis a report— 
‘‘(i) describing activities undertaken 
to promote access to crop insurance for so-
cially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; 
and 
‘‘(ii) containing demographic informa-
tion regarding the producers being served, 
including information by race and gen-
der.’’. 
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Subtitle B—Expansion of Whole 
Farm Crop Insurance 
SEC. 121. EXPANSION OF WHOLE FARM CROP INSURANCE 
OPTION FOR FARMS THAT GROW MULTIPLE 
CROPS. 
(a) ELIMINATION OF LIABILITY LIMITATION.—Sec-
tion 522(c)(19)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1522(c)(19)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘, with a 
liability limitation of $1,500,000,’’. 
(b) ADMINISTRATION.—Section 522(c)(19) of the 
Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)(19)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subpara-
graphs: 
‘‘(E) ADMINISTRATIVE
AND
OPERATING 
EXPENSES.—Not withstanding any other provi-
sion of this subtitle, the Corporation shall allow 
approved insurance providers to utilize alternate 
compensation structures for the administration 
of the plan developed under subparagraph (A) 
that— 
‘‘(i) compensate agents based on the 
actual time it takes to write and admin-
ister a policy under the plan; or 
‘‘(ii) another method approved by the 
Corporation 
that 
proportionally 
com-
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pensates agents for any increased time 
commitments required by the plan. 
‘‘(F) PAPERWORK REDUCTION.—The Cor-
poration shall seek to ensure that the paper-
work requirements of agents and producers as-
sociated with the plan developed under subpara-
graph (A) are minimized to the maximum ex-
tent possible, while still meeting actuarial 
soundness standards. 
‘‘(G) EXPANDING
OPERATIONS.—To the 
maximum extent possible, the Corporation shall 
ensure that all producers, including rapidly ex-
panding operations, are able to obtain coverage 
under the plan developed under subparagraph 
(A).’’. 
TITLE II—CONSERVATION 
Subtitle A—Strengthening 
Conservation Compliance 
SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 1201(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3801(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘highly erodible’’ and inserting ‘‘covered’’; and 
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(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘the 
highly erodible’’ and inserting ‘‘covered’’; 
(2) in paragraph (4)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(B) are designed to, in a cost effective 
and technically practicable manner— 
‘‘(i) achieve a substantial improve-
ment in water quality; 
‘‘(ii) achieve a rate of soil erosion no 
greater than the soil loss tolerance level, as 
determined by the Natural Resources Con-
servation Service; 
‘‘(iii) prevent ephemeral gully erosion; 
and 
‘‘(iv) establish and maintain a min-
imum of 50 feet of perennial vegetation be-
tween covered cropland and intermittent or 
perennial waterways; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) are based on the most recent and 
technically accurate soil erosion prediction mod-
els to determine if soil erosion by wind and 
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water exceed the Soil Loss Tolerance Level on 
covered cropland subject to subtitle B.’’; 
(3) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘highly erod-
ible’’ and inserting ‘‘covered’’; 
(4) by amending paragraph (7)(A)(ii) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(ii) before such action, such land was wet-
land.’’; 
(5) in paragraph (9), by striking ‘‘Any highly 
erodible land on which an agricultural commodity is 
produced after December 23, 1985, and that is not 
exempt under section 1212, shall be considered as 
part of the field in which the land was included on 
December 23, 1985, unless the owner and Secretary 
agree to modification of the boundaries of the field 
to carry out this title.’’; and 
(6) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(28) COVERED
CROPLAND.—The term ‘cov-
ered cropland’ means cropland, as defined in section 
718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, that 
is planted to a row crop.’’. 
SEC. 202. COVERED CROPLAND PROGRAM INELIGIBILITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1211 of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
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(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘a field on which highly erodible 
land’’ and all that follows through ‘‘shall be in-
eligible for’’ and inserting ‘‘covered cropland 
shall be ineligible for’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)(A)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘or income’’ after 
‘‘any type of price’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘, including a pay-
ment made under section 1116 or 1117 of 
the Agricultural Act of 2014’’ before the 
semicolon at the end; and 
(C) in paragraph (1)(D), by striking ‘‘ex-
cessive erosion of highly erodible land’’ and in-
serting ‘‘substantial erosion or degradation of 
water quality’’; and 
(2) in the heading of subsection (b), by striking 
‘‘HIGHLY ERODIBLE LAND’’ and inserting ‘‘COMPLI-
ANCE DETERMINATION’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subtitle B of title 
XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811 
et seq.) is amended in the heading by striking ‘‘Highly 
Erodible Land’’ and inserting ‘‘Covered Crop-
land’’. 
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SEC. 203. EXEMPTIONS. 
Section 1212 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3812) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(a) ELIGIBILITY BASED
ON COMPLIANCE WITH 
CONSERVATION PLAN.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If, as of January 1, 2023, 
or 2 years after the Natural Resources Conservation 
Service has completed a conservation plan for the 
farm, whichever is later, a person is actively apply-
ing the approved conservation plan, such person 
shall have until January 1, 2028, to comply with the 
plan without being subject to program ineligibility. 
‘‘(2) MINIMIZATION OF DOCUMENTATION.—In 
carrying out this subsection, the Secretary, Natural 
Resources Conservation Service, and local soil con-
servation districts shall minimize the quantity of 
documentation a person must submit to comply with 
this paragraph. 
‘‘(3) EXPIRATION.—On the expiration of a con-
tract entered into under subchapter B of chapter 1 
of subtitle D, the provisions of this subtitle shall 
apply to the acreage that was the subject of such 
contract.’’; 
(2) by striking subsections (b), (c), and (d); 
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(3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), 
and (h) as subsections (b), (c), (d), and (e), respec-
tively; and 
(4) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, by 
amending paragraph (4)(A)(i) to read as follows: 
‘‘(i) a person has failed to comply 
with section 1211, and has acted in good 
faith and without an intent to violate sec-
tion 1211; or’’. 
SEC. 204. DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CON-
SERVATION PLANS AND CONSERVATION SYS-
TEMS. 
Section 1213 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3812a) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and eco-
nomically’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘undue’’ 
and inserting ‘‘serious’’; 
(2) by striking subsection (b) and redesignating 
subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) as subsections (b), 
(c), (d), and (e), respectively; 
(3) in subsection (c) (as redesignated by para-
graph (2))— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
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(i) by striking ‘‘If a person makes a 
certification under paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall not be required to’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘The Secretary shall annually’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘on not less than 5 
percent of the covered cropland subject to 
this subtitle’’ after ‘‘being applied’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking the last 
sentence and inserting ‘‘The Secretary may re-
vise the person’s conservation plan if the Sec-
retary determines the conservation plan is not 
meeting the standards in section 1201(a)(4).’’; 
and 
(4) by amending subsection (d) (as redesignated 
by paragraph (2)) to read as follows: 
‘‘(d) 
TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE.—The 
Secretary 
shall— 
‘‘(1) provide technical assistance to a person 
throughout the development, revision, and applica-
tion of the conservation plan and any conservation 
system of the person; and 
‘‘(2) make available annually an amount equal 
to 0.02 percent of the funding otherwise provided for 
programs specified in section 1211(a), not to exceed 
$350 million, to provide technical assistance, con-
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duct status reviews and other tasks required to fully 
implement the provisions of this subtitle.’’. 
SEC. 205. WETLAND PROGRAM INELIGIBILITY. 
Section 1221 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3821) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting ‘‘, includ-
ing payments made under section 1116 or 1117 of 
the Agricultural Act of 2014’’ before the period at 
the end; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by amending paragraph (2)(B) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(B) NEW CONVERSIONS.—In the case of 
a wetland that the Secretary determines was 
converted after the date of enactment of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014, the person shall be 
ineligible to receive crop insurance premium 
subsidies in subsequent reinsurance years un-
less the Secretary determines that an exemption 
pursuant to section 1222 applies.’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking subpara-
graph (E); and 
(C) in paragraph (4), by inserting at the 
end the following: 
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‘‘(D) 
FUNDING.—The 
Secretary 
shall 
make available annually an amount equal to 
0.01 percent of the funding otherwise made 
available for programs specified in 1221(b), not 
to exceed $200 million, to provide technical as-
sistance, conduct status reviews and carry out 
other tasks needed to fully implement the provi-
sions of this subtitle. 
‘‘(E) STATUS
REVIEWS.—The Secretary 
shall annually carry out a review of the status 
of compliance of the person with the conserva-
tion plan under which the conservation system 
is being applied on no less than 5 percent of the 
covered cropland subject to this subtitle.’’. 
SEC. 206. DELINEATION OF WETLANDS; EXEMPTIONS. 
Section 1222 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3822) is amended in subsection (f)(2)— 
(1) by striking subparagraphs (D) and (E); and 
(2) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) and 
(G) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively. 
Subtitle B—Enhancing 
Environmental Quality Incentives 
SEC. 211. PURPOSES. 
Section 1240 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3839aa) is amended to read as follows: 
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‘‘SEC. 1240. PURPOSES. 
‘‘The purpose of the environmental quality incentives 
program established by this chapter is to assist producers 
in implementing conservation systems, practices, and ac-
tivities on their operations in order to— 
‘‘(1) improve water quality, with special empha-
sis on reducing nutrient pollution and protecting 
sources of drinking water; 
‘‘(2) avoid, to the maximum extent practicable, 
the need for resource and regulatory programs by 
assisting producers in protecting soil, water, air, and 
related natural resources and meeting environmental 
quality criteria established by Federal, State, tribal, 
and local agencies; 
‘‘(3) conserve ground and surface water to sus-
tain or improve in-stream flows; 
‘‘(4) enhance the quality of soil fertility and 
health; 
‘‘(5) control invasive species; 
‘‘(6) enhance critical aquatic and terrestrial 
wildlife habitat for at-risk species; 
‘‘(7) reduce the amount and toxicity of pes-
ticides and other agricultural chemicals found on 
food and in water or the air; 
‘‘(8) reduce the nontherapeutic use of medically 
important antibiotics in food-producing animals in 
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order to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics used 
in the treatment of human and animal disease; 
‘‘(9) help producers adapt to a changing and 
unpredictable climate and increase resiliency to cli-
mate change impacts, including rising temperatures 
and extreme weather events, while reducing green-
house gas emissions; and 
‘‘(10) address additional priority resource con-
cerns, as determined by the Secretary.’’. 
SEC. 212. DEFINITIONS. 
(a) ORGANIC SYSTEM PLAN.—Section 1240A of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–1) is 
amended by striking paragraph (2) and redesignating 
paragraphs (3) through (5) as paragraphs (2) through 
(4), respectively. 
(b) PRACTICE.—Section 1240A of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–1) is further amended in 
paragraph (3)(B) (as redesignated by subsection (a))— 
(1) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and insert-
ing a semicolon; 
(2) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii); 
and 
(3) by inserting after clause (i) the following 
new clause: 
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‘‘(ii) comprehensive conservation plan-
ning; and’’. 
SEC. 213. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Section 1240B(a) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(a)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘2002 through 2015’’ and inserting 
‘‘2019 through 2023’’. 
(b) TERM.—Section 1240B(b)(2) of the Food Secu-
rity Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(b)(2)(B)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘10 years’’ and inserting ‘‘5 years’’. 
(c) PRIORITY.—Section 1240B(c) of the Food Secu-
rity Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(c)) is amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(c) PRIORITY.—If the Secretary determines that the 
environmental values of two or more applications for pay-
ments are comparable, the Secretary shall assign a higher 
priority to a program application which will achieve the 
environment and conservation values using practices and 
systems the assessed cost of which is lower.’’. 
(d) PAYMENTS.— 
(1) LIMITATION
ON
SUBSTANTIAL
AND
PRI-
MARY
BENEFITS.—Section 1240B(d) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(d)) is 
amended— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
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(i) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘or’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (C)(ii), by strik-
ing the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
or’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(D) 50 percent of the cost of a practice 
that substantially benefits the producer, as de-
termined by the Secretary.’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) PRIMARY BENEFIT TO PRODUCER.—A pro-
ducer shall not be eligible for payments for a prac-
tice on eligible land under the program that pri-
marily benefits the producer, as determined by the 
Secretary.’’. 
(2) INCREASED PAYMENTS FOR CERTAIN PRAC-
TICES.—Section 1240B(d)(3) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(d)(3)) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(3) INCREASED
PAYMENTS
FOR
CERTAIN 
PRACTICES.—The Secretary shall provide supple-
mental payments and enhanced technical assistance 
to producers implementing land management and 
vegetative practices at a level that, as determined by 
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the Secretary, results in highly cost-effective treat-
ment of priority resource concerns, including— 
‘‘(A) residue and tillage management; 
‘‘(B) contour farming; 
‘‘(C) cover cropping; 
‘‘(D) integrated pest management; 
‘‘(E) nutrient management; 
‘‘(F) stream corridor improvement; 
‘‘(G) invasive plant species control; 
‘‘(H) contour buffer strips; 
‘‘(I) riparian herbaceous and forest buff-
ers; 
‘‘(J) filterstrips; 
‘‘(K) stream habitat improvement and 
management; 
‘‘(L) grassed waterways; 
‘‘(M) wetland restoration and enhance-
ment; 
‘‘(N) pollinator habitat; or 
‘‘(O) conservation crop rotation.’’. 
(3) LIMITATION ON PAYMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
PRACTICES.—Section 1240B(d) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(d)) is further 
amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
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‘‘(8) LIMITATION ON PAYMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
PRACTICES.—A producer who owns or operates a 
large confined animal feeding operation (as defined 
by the Secretary) shall not be eligible for payments 
under this chapter to construct an animal waste 
management facility or any associated waste trans-
port or transfer device.’’. 
(e) ALLOCATION OF FUNDING.—Section 1240B(f) of 
the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa–2(f)) 
is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(f) ALLOCATION OF FUNDING.—Of the funds made 
available for payments for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023— 
‘‘(1) not less than 10 percent shall be targeted 
at practices relating to improvement of fish and 
wildlife habitat; and 
‘‘(2) not less than 5 percent shall be provided 
to producers who participate in an independent ani-
mal welfare certification program, as defined in sec-
tion 801 of the Food and Farm Act.’’. 
(f) WATER CONSERVATION
OR IRRIGATION EFFI-
CIENCY PRACTICE.— 
(1) 
AVAILABILITY
OF
PAYMENTS.—Section 
1240B(h)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
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U.S.C. 3839aa–2(h)(1)) is amended to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(1) AVAILABILITY OF PAYMENTS.—The Sec-
retary may provide payments under this subsection 
to a producer for a water conservation or irrigation 
practice that promotes ground and surface water 
conservation on the agricultural operation of the 
producer by— 
‘‘(A) improvements to irrigation systems; 
‘‘(B) enhancement of irrigation efficiencies; 
‘‘(C) conversion of the agricultural oper-
ation to— 
‘‘(i) the production of less water-in-
tensive agricultural commodities; or 
‘‘(ii) dryland farming; 
‘‘(D) improvement of the storage of water 
through measures such as water banking and 
groundwater recharge; 
‘‘(E) enhancement of fish and wildlife 
habitat associated with irrigation systems, in-
cluding pivot corners and areas with irregular 
boundaries; or 
‘‘(F) establishment of other measures, as 
determined by the Secretary, that improve 
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groundwater and surface water conservation in 
agricultural operations.’’. 
(2) PRIORITY.—Section 1240B(h)(2) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa– 
2(h)(2)) is amended— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘; 
or’’ and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(B) any associated water savings remain 
in the original source of such water for the use-
ful life of the practice.’’. 
(3) DUTY OF PRODUCERS.—Section 1240B(h) 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3839aa–2(h)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) DUTY
OF
PRODUCERS.—The Secretary 
may not provide payments to a producer for a water 
conservation or irrigation practice under this chapter 
unless the producer agrees not to use any associated 
water savings to bring new land, other than inci-
dental land needed for efficient operations, under ir-
rigated production, except where the producer is 
participating in a watershed-wide project that will 
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effectively conserve water, as determined by the Sec-
retary.’’. 
(g) PAYMENTS FOR CONSERVATION PRACTICES RE-
LATED TO ORGANIC PRODUCTION.— 
(1) 
PAYMENTS
AUTHORIZED.—Section 
1240B(i)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3839aa–2(i)(1)) is amended by striking 
‘‘subsection’’ and inserting ‘‘chapter’’. 
(2) 
ELIGIBILITY
REQUIREMENTS.—Section 
1240B(i)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3839aa–2(i)(2)) is amended to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(2) ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS.—As a condi-
tion for receiving payments under this subsection, a 
producer shall agree to develop and implement con-
servation practices for certified organic production 
that are consistent with the regulations promulgated 
under the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 
U.S.C. 6501 et seq.) and the purposes of this chap-
ter.’’. 
(3) PAYMENT
LIMITATIONS; 
COORDINATION 
WITH ORGANIC CERTIFICATION; PLANNING.—Section 
1240B(i) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3839aa–2(i)) is amended— 
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(A) by striking paragraph (3) and redesig-
nating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
(5) and (6), respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(3) COORDINATION
WITH
ORGANIC
CERTIFI-
CATION.—The Secretary shall establish a trans-
parent means by which producers may initiate or-
ganic certification under the Organic Foods Produc-
tion Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.) while par-
ticipating in a contract under this chapter. 
‘‘(4) PLANNING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide 
planning 
assistance 
to 
producers 
transitioning to certified organic production 
consistent with the requirements of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 
et seq.) and the purposes of this chapter. 
‘‘(B) AVOIDANCE OF DUPLICATION.—The 
Secretary shall, to the maximum extent prac-
ticable, eliminate duplication of planning activi-
ties for a producer participating in a contract 
under this chapter and initiating or maintaining 
organic certification consistent with the Organic 
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