225
(4) To dissuade corporations from allowing 
their associated commercial entities or persons from 
engaging in proliferation black-market activities, 
they must also be made to suffer financial loss and 
commercial disadvantage, and parent and subsidiary 
commercial enterprises must be held responsible for 
the proliferation activities of their associated enti-
ties. 
(5) If a corporation perceives that the United 
States Government will do everything possible to 
make its commercial activity difficult around the 
world, then that corporation has a powerful commer-
cial incentive to prevent any further proliferation ac-
tivity by its associated entities. 
(6) Therefore, the United States Government 
should seek to increase the risk of commercial loss 
for associated corporate entities for the proliferation 
actions of their subsidiaries. 
SEC. 1322. CAMPAIGN BY UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT 
OFFICIALS. 
The President shall instruct all agencies of the 
United States Government to make every effort in their 
interactions with foreign government and business officials 
to persuade foreign governments and relevant corporations 
not to engage in any business transaction with a foreign
226
person sanctioned under section 1311, including any enti-
ty that is a parent or subsidiary of the sanctioned foreign 
person, for the duration of the sanctions. 
SEC. 1323. COORDINATION. 
The Secretary of State shall coordinate the actions 
of the United States Government under section 1322. 
SEC. 1324. REPORT. 
Not later than one year after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary 
of State shall report to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees on the actions taken by the United States to carry 
out section 1322. 
Subtitle C—Rollback of Nuclear 
Proliferation Networks 
SEC. 1331. NONPROLIFERATION AS A CONDITION OF 
UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE. 
United States foreign assistance should only be pro-
vided to countries that—
(1) are not cooperating with any non-nuclear-
weapon state or any foreign group or individual who 
may be engaged in, planning, or assisting any inter-
national terrorist group in the development of a nu-
clear explosive device or its means of delivery and 
are taking all necessary measures to prevent their 
nationals and other persons and entities subject to
227
their jurisdiction from participating in such coopera-
tion; and 
(2) are fully and completely cooperating with 
the United States in its efforts to eliminate nuclear 
black-market networks or activities. 
SEC. 1332. REPORT ON IDENTIFICATION OF NUCLEAR PRO-
LIFERATION NETWORK HOST COUNTRIES. 
(a) REPORT.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act and annually 
thereafter, the President shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees that—
(A) identifies any country in which manu-
facturing, brokering, shipment, transshipment, 
or other activity occurred in connection with the 
transactions of the nuclear proliferation net-
work that supplied Libya, Iran, North Korea, 
and possibly other countries or entities; and 
(B) identifies any country in which manu-
facturing, brokering, shipment, transshipment, 
or other activity occurred for the purpose of 
supplying nuclear technology, equipment, or 
material to another country or foreign person 
that could, in the President’s judgment, con-
tribute to the development, manufacture, or ac-
228
quisition, of a nuclear explosive device by a 
country or foreign person of concern to the 
United States 
(2) ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION.—The report 
under paragraph (1) shall also include a description 
of the extent to which each country described in the 
report is, in the opinion of the President, fully co-
operating with the United States in its efforts to 
eliminate the nuclear proliferation network described 
in paragraph (1)(A) or stopping the activities de-
scribed in paragraph (1)(B). The President shall 
base the determination regarding a country’s co-
operation with the United States in part on the de-
gree to which the country has satisfied United 
States requests for assistance and information, in-
cluding whether the United States has asked and 
been granted direct investigatory access to key per-
sons involved in the nuclear proliferation network 
described in paragraph (1)(A) or the activities de-
scribed in paragraph (1)(B). 
(b) CLASSIFICATION.—Reports under this section 
shall be unclassified to the maximum extent possible.
229
SEC. 1333. SUSPENSION OF ARMS SALES LICENSES AND DE-
LIVERIES 
TO 
NUCLEAR 
PROLIFERATION 
HOST COUNTRIES. 
(a) SUSPENSION.—Upon submission of the report 
and any additional information under section 1332 to the 
appropriate congressional committees, the President shall 
suspend all licenses issued under the Arms Export Control 
Act, and shall prohibit any licenses to be issued under that 
Act, for exports to, or imports from, any country described 
in the report, unless the President certifies to the appro-
priate congressional committees that such country—
(1)(A) has fully investigated or is fully inves-
tigating the activities of any person or entity within 
its territory that has participated in the nuclear pro-
liferation network described in section 1332(a)(1)(A) 
or the activities described in section 1332(a)(1)(B); 
and 
(B) has taken or is taking effective steps to 
permanently halt similar illicit nuclear proliferation 
activities; 
(2) has been or is fully cooperating with the 
United States and other appropriate international 
organizations in investigating and eliminating the 
nuclear proliferation network, any successor net-
works operating within its territory, or other illicit 
nuclear proliferation activities; and
230
(3) has enacted or is enacting new laws, pro-
mulgated decrees or regulations, or established prac-
tices designed to prevent future such activities from 
occurring within its territory. 
(b) WAIVER.—The President may waive the require-
ments of subsection (a) in a fiscal year if—
(1) the President has certified to the appro-
priate congressional committees that the waiver is 
important to the national security of the United 
States; and 
(2) at least 5 days have elapsed since making 
the certification under paragraph (1). 
TITLE 
XIV—9/11 
COMMISSION 
INTERNATIONAL IMPLEMEN-
TATION 
SEC. 1401. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘9/11 Commission 
International Implementation Act of 2007’’. 
Subtitle 
A—Quality 
Educational 
Opportunities in Arab and Pre-
dominantly Muslim Countries. 
SEC. 1411. FINDINGS; POLICY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings:
231
(1) The report of the National Commission on 
Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States stated 
that ‘‘[e]ducation that teaches tolerance, the dignity 
and value of each individual, and respect for dif-
ferent beliefs is a key element in any global strategy 
to eliminate Islamic terrorism’’. 
(2) The report of the National Commission on 
Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States concluded 
that ensuring educational opportunity is essential to 
the efforts of the United States to defeat global ter-
rorism and recommended that the United States 
Government ‘‘should offer to join with other nations 
in generously supporting [spending funds] ... directly 
on building and operating primary and secondary 
schools in those Muslim states that commit to sen-
sibly investing financial resources in public edu-
cation’’. 
(3) While Congress endorsed such a program in 
the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention 
Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–458), such a program 
has not been established. 
(b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States—
(1) to work toward the goal of dramatically in-
creasing the availability of modern basic education 
through public schools in Arab and predominantly
232
Muslim countries, which will reduce the influence of 
radical madrassas and other institutions that pro-
mote religious extremism; 
(2) to join with other countries in generously 
supporting the International Arab and Muslim 
Youth Opportunity Fund authorized under section 
7114 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Pre-
vention Act of 2004, as amended by section 1412 of 
this Act, with the goal of building and operating 
public primary and secondary schools in Arab and 
predominantly Muslim countries that commit to sen-
sibly investing the resources of such countries in 
modern public education; 
(3) to offer additional incentives to increase the 
availability of modern basic education in Arab and 
predominantly Muslim countries; and 
(4) to work to prevent financing of educational 
institutions that support radical Islamic fundamen-
talism. 
SEC. 1412. INTERNATIONAL ARAB AND MUSLIM YOUTH OP-
PORTUNITY FUND. 
Section 7114 of the Intelligence Reform and Ter-
rorism Prevention Act of 2004 (22 U.S.C. 2228) is 
amended to read as follows:
233
‘‘SEC. 7114. INTERNATIONAL ARAB AND MUSLIM YOUTH OP-
PORTUNITY FUND. 
‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
‘‘(1) The United Nation’s 2003 Arab Human 
Development Report states that the quantitative ex-
pansion of Arab education remains incomplete. The 
report asserts that high rates of illiteracy, especially 
among women, persist. Children continue to be de-
nied their basic right to elementary education. High-
er education is characterized by decreasing enroll-
ment rates compared to developed countries, and 
public expenditures on education has declined since 
1985. 
‘‘(2) The UN report cities the decline in quality 
as the most significant challenge in the educational 
arena in Arab countries. 
‘‘(3) Researchers argue that curricula taught in 
Arab countries seem to encourage submission, obedi-
ence, subordination, and compliance, rather than 
free critical thinking. 
‘‘(4) Despite major efforts to improve pre-
school education in some Arab countries, the quality 
of education provided in kindergartens in the region 
does not fulfill the requirements for advancing and 
developing children’s capabilities in order to help so-
cialize a creative and innovative generation.
234
‘‘(5) Many factors in Arab countries adversely 
affect teachers’ capabilities, such as low salaries 
(which force educators in to take on other jobs that 
consume their energy and decrease the time they can 
devote to caring for their students), lack of facilities, 
poorly designed curricula, indifferent quality of 
teacher training, and overcrowded classes. 
‘‘(6) Educational attainments in Arab and non-
Arab Muslim countries—from literacy rates to math-
ematical and science achievements—are well below 
global standards. 
‘‘(7) It is estimated that there are 65,000,000 
illiterate adult Arabs, and two-thirds of them are 
women. 
‘‘(8) Educational enrollment for Arab countries 
rose from 31,000,000 children in 1980 to approxi-
mately 56,000,000 children in 1995. Yet despite this 
increase, 10,000,000 children between the ages of 6 
and 15 are currently not in school. 
‘‘(9) In the Middle East, roughly 10,000,000 
children still do not go to school. 
‘‘(10) Even though women’s access to education 
has tripled in Arab countries since 1970, gender dis-
parities still persist. Illiteracy in Arab countries af-
fects women disproportionately. Women make up
235
two-thirds of illiterate adults, with most living in 
rural areas. 
‘‘(11) The publication of books and other read-
ing materials in Arab countries faces many major 
challenges, including the small number of readers 
due to high rates of illiteracy in some such countries 
and the weak purchasing power of the Arab reader. 
The limited readership in Arab countries is reflected 
in the small number of books published in such 
countries, which does not exceed 1.1 percent of 
world production, although Arabs constitute five per-
cent of the world population. 
‘‘(12) The nexus between health and education 
in Arab countries is very strong. Gains in women’s 
education accounted for an estimated 43 percent re-
duction in child malnutrition between 1970 and 
1995. Educated mothers are more likely to better 
space births, to have adequate prenatal care, and to 
immunize their children. 
‘‘(13) Many educational systems in Arab and 
non-Arab Muslim countries widen the gap between 
rich and poor: while rich students attend excellent 
private schools, poor children receive grossly inad-
equate schooling.