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SEC. 1230G. REPORT ON UNITED STATES STRIKES AGAINST 
SYRIA. 
Not later than 30 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate a report providing a detailed explanation of the 
legal basis under both domestic and international law for 
the strikes conducted by the United States against Syrian 
regime targets on April 6, 2017, and April 13, 2018, in-
cluding a detailed legal analysis of relevant authorities and 
precedents. Such report shall be unclassified, but may in-
clude a classified annex. 
SEC. 
1230H. 
REPORT 
ON 
UNITED 
STATES 
MILITARY 
STRIKES AGAINST SYRIA. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
a report regarding the United States military strikes on 
Syria on April 13, 2018. Such report should address the 
following: 
(1) An identification of the objectives of such 
strikes. 
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(2) An examination of whether such objectives 
were achieved. 
(3) An examination of any tactical advantages 
gained by such strikes. 
(4) An assessment of the extent to which Syr-
ian military operations were affected by such strikes, 
including if such strikes had any lasting impact on 
such operations. 
(5) An identification of the legal justification 
for such strikes. 
SEC. 1230I. REPORT ON EVOLVING FINANCING MECHA-
NISMS LEVERAGED BY THE ISLAMIC STATE 
AND AFFILIATE ENTITIES. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary 
of the Treasury, and the Secretary of State, in coordina-
tion with other appropriate Federal officials, shall jointly 
submit to Congress a report that contains an assessment 
regarding— 
(1) the current funding mechanisms used by 
the Islamic State and affiliated entities; 
(2) the most likely future financing mechanisms 
available to the Islamic State and affiliated entities; 
and 
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(3) United States efforts to deny access to such 
funding mechanisms. 
Subtitle D—Matters Relating to the 
Russian Federation 
SEC. 1231. PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RE-
LATING TO SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN 
FEDERATION OVER CRIMEA. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available 
for fiscal year 2019 for the Department of Defense may 
be obligated or expended to implement any activity that 
recognizes the sovereignty of the Russian Federation over 
Crimea. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of State, may waive the re-
striction on the obligation or expenditure of funds required 
by subsection (a) if the Secretary— 
(1) determines that to do so is in the national 
security interest of the United States; and 
(2) submits a notification of the waiver, at the 
time the waiver is invoked, to the Committee on 
Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate and the Committee on Armed 
Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives. 
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SEC. 1232. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RELAT-
ING TO IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OPEN 
SKIES TREATY. 
(a) PROHIBITION
ON
ACTIVITIES
TO
MODIFY 
UNITED STATES AIRCRAFT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds author-
ized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise 
made available for fiscal year 2019 for research, de-
velopment, test, and evaluation, Air Force, for arms 
control implementation (PE 0305145F), Aircraft 
Procurement, Air Force (line item C135B0/C- 
135B), or procurement, Air Force, for digital visual 
imaging system (BA-05, Line Item #1900) may be 
obligated or expended to carry out any activities to 
modify any United States aircraft for purposes of 
implementing the Open Skies Treaty until the Presi-
dent submits to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees the certification described in paragraph (2). 
(2) CERTIFICATION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The certification de-
scribed in this paragraph is a certification of 
the President that— 
(i) the President has imposed treaty 
violations responses and legal counter-
measures on the Russian Federation for its 
violations of the Open Skies Treaty; and 
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(ii) the President has fully informed 
the appropriate congressional committees 
of such responses and countermeasures. 
(B) DELEGATION.—The President may 
delegate the responsibility for making a certifi-
cation under subparagraph (A) to the Secretary 
of the State. 
(3) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap-
propriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(b) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS TO VOTE OR AP-
PROVE CERTAIN IMPLEMENTING DECISIONS
OF
THE 
OPEN SKIES CONSULTATIVE COMMISSION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds author-
ized to be appropriated or otherwise made available 
by this Act or any other Act for fiscal year 2019 
may be used to vote to approve or otherwise adopt 
any implementing decision of the Open Skies Con-
sultative Commission pursuant to Article X of the 
Open Skies Treaty to authorize approval of requests 
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by state parties to the Treaty to certify infra-red or 
synthetic aperture radar sensors pursuant to Article 
IV of the Treaty unless and until the following re-
quirements are met: 
(A) The Secretary of Defense, jointly with 
the relevant United States Government officials, 
submits to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees the following: 
(i) A certification that the imple-
menting decision would not be detrimental 
or otherwise harmful to the national secu-
rity of the United States. 
(ii) A report on the Open Skies Trea-
ty that includes the following: 
(I) The annual costs to the 
United States associated with counter-
measures to mitigate potential abuses 
of observation flights by the Russian 
Federation carried out under the 
Treaty over European and United 
States territories involving infra-red 
or synthetic aperture radar sensors. 
(II) A plan, and its estimated 
comparative cost, to replace the Trea-
ty architecture with an increased 
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sharing of overhead commercial im-
agery, consistent with United States 
national security, with covered state 
parties, excluding the Russian Federa-
tion. 
(III) An evaluation by the Direc-
tor of National Intelligence of matters 
concerning how an observation flight 
described in clause (i) could implicate 
intelligence activities of the Russian 
Federation in the United States and 
United States counterintelligence ac-
tivities and vulnerabilities. 
(IV) An assessment of how such 
information is used by the Russian 
Federation, for what purpose, and 
how the information fits into the Rus-
sian Federation’s overall collection 
posture. 
(B) Not later than 90 days before the date 
on which the United States votes to approve or 
otherwise adopt any such implementing deci-
sion, the President shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a certification 
that— 
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(i) the Russian Federation— 
(I) is in complete compliance 
with is obligations under the Open 
Skies Treaty; 
(II) is not exceeding the imagery 
limits set forth in the Treaty; and 
(III) 
is 
allowing 
observation 
flights by covered state parties over 
all of Moscow, Chechnya, Kaliningrad, 
and within 10 kilometers of its border 
with Georgia’s occupied territories of 
Abkhazia and South Ossetia without 
restriction and without inconsistency 
to requirements under the Treaty; 
(ii) covered state parties have been 
notified and briefed on concerns of the in-
telligence community (as defined in section 
3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3003)) regarding infra-red or syn-
thetic aperture radar sensors used under 
the Open Skies Treaty; and 
(iii) the Russian Federation has 
agreed to— 
(I) extradite the 13 Russian citi-
zens indicted on February 16, 2018, 
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by the Department of Justice for un-
dertaking unlawful activities against 
the United States; 
(II) remove illegally stationed 
Russian troops and materiel from 
Ukraine’s autonomous Republic of 
Crimea and the city of Sevastopol; 
(III) cease all material financial 
support for Russian proxies in East-
ern Ukraine; and 
(IV) cease all military or finan-
cial support to any state that uses or 
has used against its own civilian pop-
ulation any agent or substance banned 
by the Chemical Weapons Convention. 
(2) WAIVER.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The President may 
waive the application of paragraph (1) if the 
President determines that— 
(i) the waiver is in the national secu-
rity of the United States; and 
(ii) the Russian Federation has taken 
clear and verifiable action to return to full 
and complete compliance with the Open 
Skies Treaty. 
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(B) LIMITATION
ON
DELEGATION.—The 
authority of the President under subparagraph 
(A) to waive the application of paragraph (1) 
may not be delegated. 
(3) OPERATION OF OC-135 AIRCRAFT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(i) the United States continues to con-
duct observation flights under the Open 
Skies Treaty using OC-135 aircraft, a fleet 
now in its 57th year of service; and 
(ii) advances in commercial surveil-
lance technology have surpassed the value 
of aerial observation under the terms of 
the Open Skies Treaty and brings into 
questions the continued use of the OC-135 
fleet for this purpose. 
(B) REPORT.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—Not later than Jan-
uary 31, 2019, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report on the state of 
United States OC-135 aircraft with respect 
to airworthiness, safety of flight, and 
maintenance reliability. The report shall 
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also include a recommendation as to the 
prospective date of retirement of the OC- 
135 fleet. 
(ii) DEFINITION.—In this subpara-
graph, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 
committees’’ means— 
(I) the congressional defense 
committees; and 
(II) the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
(C) SUSPENSION OF OPERATION OF OC-135 
AIRCRAFT.—The Secretary of Defense is au-
thorized to cease operation of United States 
OC-135 aircraft under the Open Skies Treaty if 
continued operation of these aircraft would im-
pose undue risk to personnel or excessive cost. 
(c) FORM.—Each certification and report required 
under this section shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex if necessary. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—Except as otherwise provided, in 
this section: 
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(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives. 
(2) CHEMICAL
WEAPONS
CONVENTION.—The 
term ‘‘Chemical Weapons Convention’’ means the 
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, 
Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weap-
ons and on Their Destruction, entered into force on 
April 29, 1997. 
(3) COVERED STATE PARTY.—The term ‘‘cov-
ered state party’’ means a foreign country that— 
(A) is a state party to the Open Skies 
Treaty; and 
(B) is a United States ally. 
(4) INFRA-RED
OR
SYNTHETIC
APERTURE 
RADAR SENSOR.—The term ‘‘infra-red or synthetic 
aperture radar sensor’’ means a sensor that is classi-
fied as— 
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(A) an infra-red line-scanning device under 
category C of paragraph 1 of Article IV of the 
Open Skies Treaty; or 
(B) a sideways-looking synthetic aperture 
radar under category D of paragraph 1 of Arti-
cle IV of the Open Skies Treaty. 
(5) OBSERVATION FLIGHT.—The term ‘‘obser-
vation flight’’ has the meaning given such term in 
Article II of the Open Skies Treaty. 
(6) OPEN SKIES TREATY; TREATY.—The term 
‘‘Open Skies Treaty’’ or ‘‘Treaty’’ means the Treaty 
on Open Skies, done at Helsinki March 24, 1992, 
and entered into force January 1, 2002. 
(7) RELEVANT UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT 
OFFICIALS.—The term ‘‘relevant United States Gov-
ernment officials’’ means the following: 
(A) The Secretary of Energy. 
(B) The Secretary of Homeland Security. 
(C) The Director of the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation. 
(D) The Director of National Intelligence. 
(E) The Commander of U.S. Strategic 
Command and the Commander of U.S. North-
ern Command in the case of an observation 
flight over the territory of the United States. 
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(F) The Commander of U.S. European 
Command in the case of an observation flight 
other than an observation flight described in 
subparagraph (E). 
(8) SENSOR.—The term ‘‘sensor’’ has the 
meaning given such term in Article II of the Open 
Skies Treaty. 
SEC. 1233. COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSE TO THE RUSSIAN 
FEDERATION’S MATERIAL BREACH OF THE 
INF TREATY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) James Mattis, Secretary of Defense, testi-
fied before the House Armed Services Committee on 
March 22, 2018, that ‘‘we have very modest expecta-
tions that they [Russia] would return to [INF] com-
pliance. As a result, in the Nuclear Posture Review, 
we are looking for a way, at the lowest possible cost, 
to checkmate them and make it in their best interest 
to return to compliance.’’. 
(2) The Honorable Daniel Coats, Director of 
National Intelligence, testified before the Senate 
Armed Services Committee on March 6, 2018, that 
the Russian Federation is violating the INF Treaty 
because ‘‘Moscow probably believes that the new 
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GLCM provides sufficient advantages that make it 
worth the risk of violating the INF Treaty.’’. 
(3) General Hyten, Commander of the United 
States Strategic Command, also testified before the 
Senate Armed Services Committee on March 20, 
2018, about potential strategic advantages for China 
stemming from their lack of participation in the 
INF Treaty by saying that ‘‘they do not have any 
limitations in the INF [Treaty], and they have built 
significant numbers of intermediate-range ballistic 
missiles that if they were in the INF [Treaty], they 
would be contrary to the treaty’’. 
(4) General Joseph Dunford, Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, testified before the House 
Armed Services Committee on April 12, 2018, that 
‘‘we’re not only looking for operational concepts and 
ways to deal with the Russian violation, but we’re 
also at least posturing ourselves to develop weapons 
should they be required’’. Secretary of Defense 
Mattis also stated in that same hearing ‘‘our effort 
will be matched at State Department by movement 
on arms control and nonproliferation. There are two 
thrusts to our nuclear strategy. . .and that’s why 
those funds have been requested.’’. 
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(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States as follows: 
(1) The actions undertaken by the Russian 
Federation in violation of the INF Treaty, including 
the flight-test, production, and possession of prohib-
ited systems, have defeated the object and purpose 
of the INF Treaty, and thus constitute a material 
breach of the INF Treaty. 
(2) In light of the Russian Federation’s mate-
rial breach of the INF Treaty, the United States is 
legally entitled to suspend the operation of the INF 
Treaty in whole or in part for so long as the Russian 
Federation continues to be in material breach of the 
INF Treaty. 
(3) For so long as the Russian Federation re-
mains in noncompliance with the INF Treaty, the 
United States should take actions to encourage the 
Russian Federation to return to compliance with the 
INF Treaty, including by— 
(A) providing additional funds for the ca-
pabilities identified in section 1243(d) of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1062) and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear 
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Forces Treaty Preservation Act of 2017 (Public 
Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1671); and 
(B) seeking additional missile defense as-
sets in the European theater needed to fill mili-
tary capability gaps to protect United States 
and NATO forces from ground-launched missile 
systems of the Russian Federation that are in 
noncompliance with the INF Treaty. 
(c) IMPOSITION OF ARMS CONTROL SANCTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—An amount equal to not less 
than 25 percent of the amount authorized to be ap-
propriated or otherwise made available to the De-
partment of Defense for fiscal year 2019 to provide 
support services to the Executive Office of the Presi-
dent, other than support services that are required 
for senior leader communications services, shall be 
withheld from obligation or expenditure until the 
date on which the President has submitted to the 
appropriate congressional committees the certifi-
cation described in paragraph (2). 
(2) CERTIFICATION
DESCRIBED.—The certifi-
cation described in this paragraph is a certification 
of the President that— 
(A) each requirement of section 1290 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
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cal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 
2555; 22 U.S.C. 2593e) has been fully imple-
mented and is continuing to be fully imple-
mented; 
(B) the President has notified the appro-
priate congressional committees under such sec-
tion 1290 of the imposition of measures de-
scribed in subsection (c) of such section with re-
spect to each person identified in a report 
under subsection (a) of such section, including 
a detailed description of the imposition of all 
such measures; and 
(C) the President has submitted the report 
required by section 1244(c) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 
(Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1674) (relating 
to report on plan to impose additional sanctions 
with respect to the Russian Federation). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Select Committee on Intelligence, 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Com-
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mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate; and 
(B) the Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives. 
(2) INF TREATY.—The term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ 
means the Treaty between the United States of 
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 
on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and 
Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington De-
cember 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 
1988. 
(3) NEW
START
TREATY.—The term ‘‘New 
START Treaty’’ means the Treaty between the 
United States of America and the Russian Federa-
tion on Measures for the Further Reduction and 
Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed at 
Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force Feb-
ruary 5, 2011. 
(4) OPEN
SKIES
TREATY.—The term ‘‘Open 
Skies Treaty’’ means the Treaty on Open Skies, 
done at Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into 
force January 1, 2002. 
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SEC. 1234. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF UKRAINE SE-
CURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE. 
Section 1250 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1068), as most recently amended by section 1234 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 
(Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1659), is further amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘50 per-
cent of the funds available for fiscal year 2018 
pursuant to subsection (f)(3)’’ and inserting 
‘‘50 percent of the funds available for fiscal 
year 2019 pursuant to subsection (f)(4)’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘fiscal 
year 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2019’’; 
and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) LETHAL ASSISTANCE.—Of the funds avail-
able for fiscal year 2019 pursuant to subsection 
(f)(4), $50,000,000 shall be available only for lethal 
assistance described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
subsection (b).’’; 
(2) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the 
following: 
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‘‘(4) For fiscal year 2019, $250,000,000.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘December 
31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2021’’. 
SEC. 1235. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON UNITED STATES 
MILITARY INVESTMENT IN EUROPE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Both the 2017 National Security Strategy 
and the 2018 National Defense Strategy highlight 
the Russian Federation as a long-term strategic 
competitor to the United States. 
(2) The Russian Federation uses a whole-of-so-
ciety approach to influence and attempt to shape the 
information space, weaken American resolve and 
confidence in its democracy, and undermine the 
power and international standing of the United 
States. 
(3) Through the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113– 
291), the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92), the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2017 (Public Law 114–328), and the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Pub-
lic Law 115–91), Congress has authorized, in total, 
approximately $9,800,000,000 for the European Re-
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assurance Initiative, now the European Deterrence 
Initiative, to reassure partners and allies and build 
a credible deterrent and defense against the Russian 
Federation. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to develop, implement, and sustain a cred-
ible deterrent against aggression and long-term strategic 
competition by the Government of the Russian Federation 
in order to enhance regional and global security and sta-
bility, including by the following: 
(1) Increased United States presence in Europe 
through additional permanently stationed forces, in-
cluding logistics enablers and a combat aviation bri-
gade. 
(2) Continued United States presence in Eu-
rope through rotational forces. 
(3) Increased United States pre-positioned mili-
tary 
equipment, 
including 
munitions, 
logistics 
enablers, and a division headquarters. 
(4) Sufficient and necessary infrastructure ad-
ditions and improvements throughout Europe. 
(5) Increased investment and prioritization to 
counter indirect action (such as information oper-
ations intended to influence), including sufficient 
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cyber, counter-propaganda, and intelligence re-
sources. 
(6) Sufficient security cooperation resources 
and opportunities with partners and allies, including 
with member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization. 
SEC. 1236. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
CERTAIN 
PERSONS 
PROVIDING 
SOPHISTI-
CATED 
GOODS, 
SERVICES, 
OR 
TECH-
NOLOGIES FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF 
MAJOR DEFENSE EQUIPMENT OR ADVANCED 
CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS. 
(a) REPORT ON SANCTIONED PERSONS RELATING TO 
RUSSIAN FEDERATION’S NOTED VIOLATION OF THE INF 
TREATY.— 
(1) REPORT.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that contains 
a list of persons described in section 1290(a)(1) 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2017 related to the Russian Fed-
eration’s noted violation of the INF Treaty, as 
noted in the 2016 Report on Adherence to and 
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Compliance With Arms Control, Nonprolifera-
tion, and Disarmament Agreements and Com-
mitments. 
(B) FORM.—The report required by sub-
paragraph (A) shall be provided in unclassified 
form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(C) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COM-
MITTEES
DEFINED.—In this paragraph, the 
term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 
1290(h) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2017. 
(2) INF TREATY DEFINED.—In this subsection, 
the term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ means the Treaty Between 
the United States of America and the Union of So-
viet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their 
Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, 
commonly referred to as the ‘‘Intermediate- Range 
Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty’’, signed at Wash-
ington December 8, 1987, and entered into force 
June 1, 1988. 
(b) REPORT ON SUPPLY CHAINS FOR RUSSIAN ARMS 
SALES PROGRAMS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
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President shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report that contains the fol-
lowing: 
(A) An analysis of the foreign and domes-
tic supply chains in the Russian Federation 
that directly or indirectly significantly facili-
tates, supports, or otherwise aids the Govern-
ment of the Russian Federation’s development, 
export, sale, or transfer of major defense equip-
ment or advanced conventional weapons. 
(B) A description of the geographic dis-
tribution of the foreign and domestic supply 
chains described in subparagraph (A), including 
sources of sophisticated goods, services, or tech-
nologies used for or by Russia for the develop-
ment, export, sale, or transfer of such equip-
ment or weapons. 
(C) An assessment of the ability of the 
Russian Government to domestically manufac-
ture or otherwise produce the goods, services, or 
technology necessary to support the develop-
ment, export, sale, or transfer of such equip-
ment or weapons. 
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(2) FORM.—The report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex. 
(3) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap-
propriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the House of Representatives. 
(c) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
CERTAIN PERSONS PROVIDING SOPHISTICATED GOODS, 
SERVICES, OR TECHNOLOGIES FOR USE IN THE PRODUC-
TION OF MAJOR DEFENSE EQUIPMENT OR ADVANCED 
CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS.— 
(1) IDENTIFICATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days 
after the date of the submission of the report 
under subsection (b), and annually thereafter 
for 5 years, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report 
that identifies each foreign person and each 
agency or instrumentality of a foreign state 
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that the President determines is a foreign per-
son or an agency or instrumentality of a foreign 
state described in subparagraph (B). 
(B) FOREIGN PERSON OR AGENCY OR IN-
STRUMENTALITY
OF
A
FOREIGN
STATE
DE-
SCRIBED.—A foreign person or an agency or in-
strumentality of a foreign state described in 
this subparagraph is a foreign person or an 
agency or instrumentality of a foreign state 
that— 
(i) knowingly sells, leases, or other-
wise 
provides 
significant 
sophisticated 
goods, services, or technology, to any enti-
ties owned or controlled by the Govern-
ment of the Russian Federation; or 
(ii) engages in a significant trans-
action or transactions to sell, lease, or oth-
erwise provide such sophisticated goods, 
services, or technologies, to entities bene-
ficially owned by the Russian Federation, 
if such activity under clause (i) or transaction 
under clause (ii) materially contributes to the 
ability of Russia to develop or produce major 
defense equipment or advanced conventional 
weapons. 
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(C) FORM.—The report required under 
subparagraph (A) shall be submitted in unclas-
sified form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(D) EXCEPTION.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The President shall 
not be required to identify a foreign person 
or an agency or instrumentality of a for-
eign state in a report pursuant to subpara-
graph (A) if— 
(I) the foreign person or the 
agency or instrumentality of a foreign 
state notifies the United States Gov-
ernment in advance that it proposes 
to engage in an activity under sub-
paragraph (B)(i) or a transaction 
under subparagraph (B)(ii); and 
(II) the President determines and 
notifies the appropriate congressional 
committees in classified form prior to 
the foreign person or agency or in-
strumentality of a foreign state engag-
ing in the activity under subparagraph 
(B)(i) or transaction under subpara-
graph (B)(ii) that such activity or 
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transaction is in the national interests 
of the United States. 
(ii) NON-APPLICABILITY.—The excep-
tion under clause (i) shall not apply with 
respect to— 
(I) an agency or instrumentality 
of a foreign state the government of 
which the Secretary of State deter-
mines has repeatedly provided support 
for acts of international terrorism 
pursuant to section 6(j) of the Export 
Administration Act of 1979 (as con-
tinued in effect pursuant to the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers 
Act), section 40 of the Arms Export 
Control Act, section 620A of the For-
eign Assistance Act of 1961, or any 
other relevant provision of law; or 
(II) any activity under subpara-
graph (B)(i) or transaction under sub-
paragraph (B)(ii) that involves, di-
rectly or indirectly, a foreign state de-
scribed in subclause (I). 
(2) SANCTIONS IMPOSED.— 
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(B) before the waiver takes effect, briefs 
the appropriate congressional committees on the 
waiver and the reason for the waiver. 
(4) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
(A) ADVANCED
CONVENTIONAL
WEAP-
ONS.—The term ‘‘advanced conventional weap-
ons’’ includes— 
(i) such long-range precision-guided 
munitions, fuel air explosives, cruise mis-
siles, low observability aircraft, other radar 
evading aircraft, advanced military air-
craft, military satellites, electromagnetic 
weapons, and laser weapons that the Presi-
dent determines enhance offensive capabili-
ties in destabilizing ways; 
(ii) such advanced command, control, 
and communications systems, electronic 
warfare systems, or intelligence collection 
systems that the President determines en-
hance offensive capabilities in destabilizing 
ways; 
(iii) the S–300 and S–400 missile de-
fense systems and air superiority fighters; 
and 
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