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shall inform foreign countries with air quality problems of the 
potential of technology developed or used in the United States 
to provide emission reductions in those countries. 
SEC. 796. EFFECT OF SUBTITLE. 
Nothing in this subtitle affects any authority under the Clean 
Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) in existence on the day before 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 797. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle 
$200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011, to remain 
available until expended. 
TITLE VIII—HYDROGEN 
SEC. 801. HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELL PROGRAM. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen 
Act of 2005’’. 
SEC. 802. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this title are— 
(1) to enable and promote comprehensive development, 
demonstration, and commercialization of hydrogen and fuel 
cell technology in partnership with industry; 
(2) to make critical public investments in building strong 
links to private industry, institutions of higher education, 
National Laboratories, and research institutions to expand 
innovation and industrial growth; 
(3) to build a mature hydrogen economy that creates fuel 
diversity in the massive transportation sector of the United 
States; 
(4) to sharply decrease the dependency of the United States 
on imported oil, eliminate most emissions from the transpor-
tation sector, and greatly enhance our energy security; and 
(5) to create, strengthen, and protect a sustainable national 
energy economy. 
SEC. 803. DEFINITIONS. 
In this title: 
(1) FUEL CELL.—The term ‘‘fuel cell’’ means a device that 
directly converts the chemical energy of a fuel, which is supplied 
from an external source, and an oxidant into electricity by 
electrochemical processes occurring at separate electrodes in 
the device. 
(2) HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLE.—The term ‘‘heavy-duty vehicle’’ 
means a motor vehicle that— 
(A) is rated at more than 8,500 pounds gross vehicle 
weight; 
(B) has a curb weight of more than 6,000 pounds; 
or 
(C) has a basic vehicle frontal area in excess of 45 
square feet. 
(3) INFRASTRUCTURE.—The term ‘‘infrastructure’’ means the 
equipment, systems, or facilities used to produce, distribute, 
deliver, or store hydrogen (except for onboard storage).
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(4) LIGHT-DUTY
VEHICLE.—The term ‘‘light-duty vehicle’’ 
means a motor vehicle that is rated at 8,500 or less pounds 
gross vehicle weight. 
(5) STATIONARY; PORTABLE.—The terms ‘‘stationary’’ and 
‘‘portable’’, when used in reference to a fuel cell, include— 
(A) continuous electric power; and 
(B) backup electric power. 
(6) TASK
FORCE.—The term ‘‘Task Force’’ means the 
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Task Force established under 
section 806. 
(7) TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Technical 
Advisory 
Committee’’ 
means 
the 
independent 
Technical 
Advisory Committee established under section 807. 
SEC. 804. PLAN. 
Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a coordinated plan 
for the programs described in this title and any other programs 
of the Department that are directly related to fuel cells or hydrogen. 
The plan shall describe, at a minimum— 
(1) the agenda for the next 5 years for the programs author-
ized under this title, including the agenda for each activity 
enumerated in section 805(e); 
(2) the types of entities that will carry out the activities 
under this title and what role each entity is expected to play; 
(3) the milestones that will be used to evaluate the pro-
grams for the next 5 years; 
(4) the most significant technical and nontechnical hurdles 
that stand in the way of achieving the goals described in 
section 805, and how the programs will address those hurdles; 
and 
(5) the policy assumptions that are implicit in the plan, 
including any assumptions that would affect the sources of 
hydrogen or the marketability of hydrogen-related products. 
SEC. 805. PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation with other 
Federal agencies and the private sector, shall conduct a research 
and development program on technologies relating to the produc-
tion, purification, distribution, storage, and use of hydrogen energy, 
fuel cells, and related infrastructure. 
(b) GOAL.—The goal of the program shall be to demonstrate 
and commercialize the use of hydrogen for transportation (in light-
duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles), utility, industrial, commer-
cial, and residential applications. 
(c) FOCUS.—In carrying out activities under this section, the 
Secretary shall focus on factors that are common to the development 
of hydrogen infrastructure and the supply of vehicle and electric 
power for critical consumer and commercial applications, and that 
achieve continuous technical evolution and cost reduction, particu-
larly for hydrogen production, the supply of hydrogen, storage of 
hydrogen, and end uses of hydrogen that— 
(1) steadily increase production, distribution, and end use 
efficiency and reduce life-cycle emissions; 
(2) resolve critical problems relating to catalysts, mem-
branes, storage, lightweight materials, electronic controls, 
manufacturability, and other problems that emerge from the 
program;
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(3) enhance sources of renewable fuels and biofuels for 
hydrogen production; and 
(4) enable widespread use of distributed electricity genera-
tion and storage. 
(d) PUBLIC EDUCATION AND RESEARCH.—In carrying out this 
section, the Secretary shall support enhanced public education and 
research conducted at institutions of higher education in funda-
mental sciences, application design, and systems concepts (including 
education 
and 
research 
relating 
to 
materials, 
subsystems, 
manufacturability, maintenance, and safety) relating to hydrogen 
and fuel cells. 
(e) ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary, in partnership with the private 
sector, shall conduct programs to address— 
(1) production of hydrogen from diverse energy sources, 
including— 
(A) fossil fuels, which may include carbon capture and 
sequestration; 
(B) hydrogen-carrier fuels (including ethanol and meth-
anol); 
(C) renewable energy resources, including biomass; and 
(D) nuclear energy; 
(2) use of hydrogen for commercial, industrial, and residen-
tial electric power generation; 
(3) safe delivery of hydrogen or hydrogen-carrier fuels, 
including— 
(A) transmission by pipeline and other distribution 
methods; and 
(B) convenient and economic refueling of vehicles either 
at central refueling stations or through distributed onsite 
generation; 
(4) advanced vehicle technologies, including— 
(A) engine and emission control systems; 
(B) energy storage, electric propulsion, and hybrid sys-
tems; 
(C) automotive materials; and 
(D) other advanced vehicle technologies; 
(5) storage of hydrogen or hydrogen-carrier fuels, including 
development of materials for safe and economic storage in 
gaseous, liquid, or solid form at refueling facilities and onboard 
vehicles; 
(6) development of safe, durable, affordable, and efficient 
fuel cells, including fuel-flexible fuel cell power systems, 
improved manufacturing processes, high-temperature mem-
branes, cost-effective fuel processing for natural gas, fuel cell 
stack and system reliability, low temperature operation, and 
cold start capability; and 
(7) the ability of domestic automobile manufacturers to 
manufacture commercially available competitive hybrid vehicle 
technologies in the United States. 
(f) PROGRAM GOALS.— 
(1) VEHICLES.—For vehicles, the goals of the program are— 
(A) to enable a commitment by automakers no later 
than year 2015 to offer safe, affordable, and technically 
viable hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the mass consumer 
market; and 
(B) to enable production, delivery, and acceptance by 
consumers of model year 2020 hydrogen fuel cell and other