fiscal year that begins before the date of the en-
actment of this Act. 
(C) CONTENTS.—Each report under this 
section shall provide the recidivism statistics for 
the Bureau of Prisons as a whole, and sepa-
rately for each institution of the Bureau. 
(2) MEASURE USED.—In preparing the reports 
required by subsection (a), the Director shall, in 
consultation with the Director of the Bureau of Jus-
tice Statistics, select a measure for recidivism (such 
as rearrest, reincarceration, or any other valid, evi-
dence-based measure) that the Director considers 
appropriate and that is consistent with the research 
undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics pur-
suant to section 241(b)(6). 
(3) GOALS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—After the Director sub-
mits the first report required by paragraph (1), 
the Director shall establish goals for reductions 
in recidivism rates and shall work to attain 
those goals. 
(B) CONTENTS.—The goals established 
under subparagraph (A) shall use the relative 
reductions in recidivism measured for the fiscal 
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year covered by that first report as a baseline 
rate, and shall include— 
(i) a 5-year goal to increase, at a min-
imum, the baseline relative reduction rate 
by 2 percent within 5 fiscal years; and 
(ii) a 10-year goal to increase, at a 
minimum, the baseline relative reduction 
rate by 5 percent within 10 fiscal years. 
(d) FORMAT.—Any written information that the Bu-
reau of Prisons provides to inmates for reentry planning 
purposes shall use common terminology and language. 
(e) MEDICAL CARE.—The Bureau of Prisons shall 
provide the United States Probation and Pretrial Services 
System with relevant information on the medical care 
needs and the mental health treatment needs of inmates 
scheduled for release from custody. The United States 
Probation and Pretrial Services System shall take this in-
formation into account when developing supervision plans 
in an effort to address the medical care and mental health 
care needs of such inmates. The Bureau of Prisons shall 
provide inmates with a sufficient amount of all necessary 
medications (which will normally consist of, at a minimum, 
a 2-week supply of such medications) upon release from 
custody. 
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SEC. 235. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR BU-
REAU OF PRISONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Direc-
tor to carry out sections 231, 232, 233, and 234 of this 
chapter, $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 
2009. 
SEC. 236. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT OF FORMER 
PRISONERS. 
The Attorney General shall take such steps as are 
necessary to implement a program to educate employers 
about existing incentives for hiring former Federal, State, 
or local prisoners, including the Federal bonding program 
and tax credits. 
SEC. 237. ELDERLY NONVIOLENT OFFENDER PILOT PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Notwithstanding section 
3624 of title 18, United States Code, or any other 
provision of law, the Director shall conduct a pilot 
program to determine the effectiveness of removing 
each eligible elderly offender from a Bureau of Pris-
on facility and placing such offender on home deten-
tion until the date on which the term of imprison-
ment to which the offender was sentenced expires. 
(2) TIMING OF PLACEMENT IN HOME DETEN-
TION.— 
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(A) IN
GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
pilot program under paragraph (1), the Direc-
tor shall— 
(i) in the case of an offender who is 
determined to be an eligible elderly of-
fender on or before the date specified in 
subparagraph (B), place such offender on 
home detention not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act; 
and 
(ii) in the case of an offender who is 
determined to be an eligible elderly of-
fender after the date specified in subpara-
graph (B) and before the date that is 3 
years and 91 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, place such offender on 
home detention not later than 90 days 
after the date of such determination. 
(B) DATE
SPECIFIED.—For purposes of 
subparagraph (A), the date specified in this 
subparagraph is the date that is 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(3) VIOLATION OF TERMS OF HOME DETEN-
TION.—A violation by an eligible elderly offender of 
the terms of the home detention, including the com-
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100 
mission of another Federal, State, or local crime, 
shall result in the removal of the offender from 
home detention and the return of the offender to the 
designated Bureau of Prisons institution in which 
the offender was imprisoned immediately before 
placement on home detention under paragraph (1). 
(b) SCOPE OF PILOT PROGRAM.— 
(1) PARTICIPATING DESIGNATED FACILITIES.— 
The pilot program under subsection (a) shall be con-
ducted through at least 1 Bureau of Prisons institu-
tion designated by the Director as appropriate for 
the pilot program. 
(2) DURATION.—The pilot program shall be 
conducted during each of fiscal years 2008 and 
2009. 
(c) PROGRAM EVALUATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall contract 
with an independent organization to monitor and 
evaluate the progress of each eligible elderly offender 
placed on home detention under subsection (a)(1) 
for the period such offender is on home detention 
during the duration described in subsection (b)(2). 
(2) ANNUAL
REPORT.—The organization de-
scribed in paragraph (1) shall annually submit to 
the Director and to Congress a report on the pilot 
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101 
program under subsection (a)(1), which shall in-
clude— 
(A) an evaluation of the effectiveness of 
the pilot program in providing a successful 
transition for eligible elderly offenders from in-
carceration to the community, including data 
relating to the recidivism rates for such offend-
ers; and 
(B) the cost savings to the Federal Gov-
ernment resulting from the early removal of 
such offenders from incarceration. 
(3) PROGRAM ADJUSTMENTS.—Upon review of 
the report submitted under paragraph (2), the Di-
rector shall submit recommendations to Congress for 
adjustments to the pilot program, including its ex-
pansion to additional facilities. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ELIGIBLE ELDERLY OFFENDER.—The term 
‘‘eligible elderly offender’’ means an offender in the 
custody of the Bureau of Prisons who— 
(A) is not less than 60 years of age; 
(B) is serving a term of imprisonment 
after conviction for an offense other than a 
crime of violence and has served the greater of 
10 years or 1⁄2 of the term of imprisonment; 
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102 
(C) has not been convicted in the past of 
any Federal or State crime of violence; 
(D) has not been determined by the Bu-
reau of Prisons, on the basis of information the 
Bureau uses to make custody classifications, 
and in the sole discretion of the Bureau, to 
have a history of violence; and 
(E) has not escaped, or attempted to es-
cape, from a Bureau of Prisons institution. 
(2) HOME DETENTION.—The term ‘‘home de-
tention’’ has the same meaning given the term in the 
Federal Sentencing Guidelines, and includes deten-
tion in a nursing home or other residential long-term 
care facility. 
(3) TERM OF IMPRISONMENT.—The term ‘‘term 
of imprisonment’’ includes multiple terms of impris-
onment ordered to run consecutively or concurrently, 
which shall be treated as a single, aggregate term of 
imprisonment for purposes of this section. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009. 
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103 
CHAPTER 2—REENTRY RESEARCH 
SEC. 241. OFFENDER REENTRY RESEARCH. 
(a) NATIONAL
INSTITUTE
OF
JUSTICE.—From 
amounts made available to carry out this Act, the National 
Institute of Justice may conduct research on juvenile and 
adult offender reentry, including— 
(1) a study identifying the number and charac-
teristics of minor children who have had a parent in-
carcerated, and the likelihood of such minor children 
becoming involved in the criminal justice system 
some time in their lifetime; 
(2) a study identifying a mechanism to compare 
rates of recidivism (including rearrest, violations of 
parole, probation, post-incarceration supervision, and 
reincarceration) among States; and 
(3) a study on the population of offenders re-
leased from custody who do not engage in recidivism 
and the characteristics (housing, employment, treat-
ment, family connection) of that population. 
(b) 
BUREAU
OF
JUSTICE
STATISTICS.—From 
amounts made available to carry out this Act, the Bureau 
of Justice Statistics may conduct research on offender re-
entry, including— 
(1) an analysis of special populations, including 
prisoners with mental illness or substance abuse dis-
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104 
orders, female offenders, juvenile offenders, offend-
ers with limited English proficiency, and the elderly, 
that present unique reentry challenges; 
(2) studies to determine who is returning to 
prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and which of those 
returning prisoners represent the greatest risk to 
victims and community safety; 
(3) annual reports on the profile of the popu-
lation coming out of prisons, jails, and juvenile fa-
cilities; 
(4) a national recidivism study every 3 years; 
(5) a study of parole, probation, or post-incar-
ceration supervision violations and revocations; and 
(6) a study concerning the most appropriate 
measure to be used when reporting recidivism rates 
(whether rearrest, reincarceration, or any other 
valid, evidence-based measure). 
SEC. 242. GRANTS TO STUDY PAROLE OR POST-INCARCER-
ATION SUPERVISION VIOLATIONS AND REV-
OCATIONS. 
(a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—From amounts made 
available to carry out this section, the Attorney General 
may award grants to States to study and to improve the 
collection of data with respect to individuals whose parole 
or post-incarceration supervision is revoked, and which 
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105 
such individuals represent the greatest risk to victims and 
community safety. 
(b) APPLICATION.—As a condition of receiving a 
grant under this section, a State shall— 
(1) certify that the State has, or intends to es-
tablish, a program that collects comprehensive and 
reliable data with respect to individuals described in 
subsection (a), including data on— 
(A) the number and type of parole or post- 
incarceration supervision violations that occur 
with the State; 
(B) the reasons for parole or post-incarcer-
ation supervision revocation; 
(C) the underlying behavior that led to the 
revocation; and 
(D) the term of imprisonment or other 
penalty that is imposed for the violation; and 
(2) provide the data described in paragraph (1) 
to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in a form pre-
scribed by the Bureau. 
(c) ANALYSIS.—Any statistical analysis of population 
data under this section shall be conducted in accordance 
with the Federal Register Notice dated October 30, 1997, 
relating to classification standards. 
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106 
(d) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009. 
SEC. 243. ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN OF IN-
CARCERATED PARENTS. 
(a) BEST PRACTICES.—The Attorney General shall 
collect data and develop best practices of State corrections 
departments and child protection agencies relating to the 
communication and coordination between such State de-
partments and agencies to ensure the safety and support 
of children of incarcerated parents (including those in fos-
ter care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child 
relationships between incarcerated (and formerly incarcer-
ated) parents and their children, as appropriate to the 
health and well-being of the children. Such best practices 
shall include information related to policies, procedures, 
and programs that may be used by States to address— 
(1) maintenance of the parent-child bond dur-
ing incarceration; 
(2) parental self-improvement; and 
(3) parental involvement in planning for the fu-
ture and well-being of their children. 
(b) DISSEMINATION TO STATES.—Not later than 1 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attor-
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107 
ney General shall disseminate to States and other relevant 
entities the best practices described in subsection (a). 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that States and other relevant entities should use 
the best practices developed and disseminated in accord-
ance with this section to evaluate and improve the commu-
nication and coordination between State corrections de-
partments and child protection agencies to ensure the 
safety and support of children of incarcerated parents (in-
cluding those in foster care and kinship care), and the sup-
port of parent-child relationships between incarcerated 
(and formerly incarcerated) parents and their children, as 
appropriate to the health and well-being of the children. 
CHAPTER 3—CORRECTIONAL REFORMS 
TO EXISTING LAW 
SEC. 251. CLARIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PLACE PRIS-
ONER IN COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS. 
(a) PRE-RELEASE CUSTODY.— 
(1) AMENDMENT.—Section 3624(c) of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(c) PRE-RELEASE CUSTODY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Bureau 
of Prisons shall, to the extent practicable, ensure 
that a prisoner serving a term of imprisonment 
spends a portion of the final months of such term 
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108 
(not to exceed 12 months), under conditions that 
will afford the prisoner a reasonable opportunity to 
adjust to and prepare for the prisoner’s reentry into 
the community. Such conditions may include a com-
munity correctional facility. 
‘‘(2) HOME
CONFINEMENT
AUTHORITY.—The 
authority provided by this subsection may be used to 
place a prisoner in home confinement for the last 10 
percent of the term of imprisonment or the final 6 
months of such term, whichever is shorter. 
‘‘(3) ASSISTANCE.—The United States Proba-
tion System shall, to the extent practicable, offer as-
sistance to a prisoner during such pre-release cus-
tody. 
‘‘(4) NO LIMITATIONS.—Nothing in this sub-
section shall be construed to limit or restrict the au-
thority of the Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
granted under section 3621 of this title. 
‘‘(5) REPORTING.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of the Second Chance Act of 
2007 (and every year thereafter), the Director of the 
Bureau of Prisons shall transmit to the Committees 
on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House of 
Representatives a report describing the Bureau’s 
utilization of community corrections facilities. Such 
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109 
report shall set forth the number and percentage of 
Federal prisoners placed in community corrections 
facilities during the preceding year, the average 
length of such placements, trends in such utilization, 
the reasons some prisoners are not placed in commu-
nity corrections facilities, and any other information 
that may be useful to the committees in determining 
if the Bureau is utilizing community corrections fa-
cilities in an effective manner. 
‘‘(6) ISSUANCE
OF
REGULATIONS.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Sec-
ond Chance Act of 2007, the Director of Bureau of 
Prisons shall issue regulations pursuant to this sub-
section, which shall include modifications to section 
570.21 of the Bureau’s regulations (28 C.F.R. 
570.21), to ensure that such section is in accordance 
with the provisions of this subsection.’’. 
(2) 
APPLICABILITY
OF
AMENDMENT.—The 
amendment made by this subsection shall apply with 
respect to any prisoner who— 
(A) is serving a term of imprisonment on 
the date of enactment of this Act; 
(B) has been sentenced to a term of im-
prisonment before the date of enactment of this 
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110 
Act, but who has not begun to serve such sen-
tence on such date of enactment; or 
(C) is sentenced to a term of imprisonment 
on or after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(b) COURTS MAY NOT REQUIRE A SENTENCE OF IM-
PRISONMENT TO BE SERVED IN A COMMUNITY CORREC-
TIONS FACILITY.—Section 3621(b) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: ‘‘Any order, recommendation, or request by a sen-
tencing court that a convicted person serve a term of im-
prisonment in a community corrections facility has no 
binding effect on the discretionary authority of the Bureau 
under this section to determine or change the place of im-
prisonment of that person.’’. 
SEC. 252. RESIDENTIAL DRUG ABUSE PROGRAM IN FED-
ERAL PRISONS. 
Section 3621(e)(5)(A) of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘means a course of’’ and 
all that follows and inserting the following: ‘‘means a 
course of individual and group activities and treatment, 
lasting at least 6 months, in residential treatment facilities 
set apart from the general prison population, which may 
include the use of pharmocotherapies, where appropriate, 
that may extend beyond the 6-month period;’’. 
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111 
SEC. 253. MEDICAL CARE FOR PRISONERS. 
Section 3621 of title 18, United States Code, is fur-
ther amended by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(g) CONTINUED ACCESS TO MEDICAL CARE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to ensure a min-
imum standard of health and habitability, the Bu-
reau of Prisons shall ensure that each prisoner in a 
community confinement facility has access to nec-
essary medical care, mental health care, and medi-
cine. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITION.—In this subsection, the term 
‘community confinement’ has the meaning given that 
term in the application notes under section 5F1.1 of 
the Federal Sentencing Guidelines Manual, as in ef-
fect on the date of the enactment of the Second 
Chance Act of 2007.’’. 
SEC. 254. CONTRACTING FOR SERVICES FOR POST-CONVIC-
TION SUPERVISION OFFENDERS. 
Section 3672 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after the third sentence in the sev-
enth paragraph the following new sentence: ‘‘He also shall 
have the authority to contract with any appropriate public 
or private agency or person to monitor and provide serv-
ices to any offender in the community, including treat-
ment, equipment and emergency housing, corrective and 
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112 
preventative guidance and training, and other rehabilita-
tive services designed to protect the public and promote 
the successful reentry of the offender into the commu-
nity.’’. 
Æ 
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