and highly concentrated growth of phytoplankton or 
algae produces biotoxins or otherwise causes nega-
tive effects. 
(2) A common harmful algal bloom event 
known as Red Tide occurs when appropriate condi-
tions allow for massive overgrowth of micro algae, 
causing phytoplankton blooms that discolor the 
water. 
(3) Harmful algal blooms commonly occur in 
waters off the East and West coasts of the United 
States, as well as in the Gulf of Mexico, the Great 
Lakes, and the waters surrounding the offshore ter-
ritories of the United States. 
(4) Harmful algal blooms cause dangerous res-
piratory distress, burning eyes, and other ailments 
to individuals in affected areas, as well as the na-
tionwide potential of severe food poisoning from the 
consumption of contaminated shellfish. 
(5) Harmful algal blooms cause severe impacts 
to natural resources by way of illness and death to 
marine mammals, fish, sea turtles, and sea birds as 
well as coral reef and sea grass communities. As 
massive algal blooms die, their decomposition de-
pletes oxygen from the water resulting in hypoxic 
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and anoxic conditions leaving vast dead zones in our 
coastal oceans and lakes. 
(6) Harmful algal blooms cause significant eco-
nomic harm to businesses and individuals engaged in 
fishing and shellfishing, as well as to communities 
and businesses that depend on their coastal location 
for tourism. 
(7) Because harmful algal blooms are affected 
by many variables, including weather and currents, 
it is impossible to predict the location, timing, or du-
ration of harmful algal blooms, and further study is 
needed to understand how these variables, as well as 
other environmental factors, may cause or contribute 
to the formation or maintenance of harmful algal 
blooms. 
(8) The Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia 
Amendments Act of 2004 provided a research frame-
work for addressing harmful algal blooms and for 
consolidating research efforts. 
SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION OF HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM 
AND HYPOXIA RESEARCH AND CONTROL ACT 
OF 1998. 
(a) REAUTHORIZATION.—Section 605 of the Harmful 
Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act of 
1998 (16 U.S.C. 1451 note) is amended— 
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(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ‘‘$25,500,000 for fiscal year 2008’’ and in-
serting ‘‘$30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2010’’; 
(2) in each of paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), and 
(6) by striking ‘‘2008’’ and inserting ‘‘2010’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (5) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 
2008’’ and inserting ‘‘each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2010’’. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIREMENT.—Section 603 
of the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and 
Control Act of 1998 (16 U.S.C. 1451 note) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(j) ANNUAL REPORT.—At the time the President 
submits the President’s annual budget request to the Con-
gress each year, the Task Force shall submit to the Con-
gress a report on the status and accomplishments of ac-
tivities under this Act during the preceding year.’’. 
(c) AWARD OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 
FOR HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM RESEARCH.—All Federal 
financial assistance for harmful algal bloom research shall 
be awarded on a competitive, peer-reviewed basis. 
Æ 
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