I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 589 
To impose sanctions on the Supreme Leader of Iran and the President 
of Iran and their respective offices for human rights abuses and support 
for terrorism. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 27, 2023 
Mr. BANKS (for himself, Mr. GALLAGHER, Mr. WALTZ, Ms. TENNEY, Mr. 
WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. CRENSHAW, Ms. SALAZAR, Mr. WITT-
MAN, Mr. WEBER of Texas, Mr. FALLON, Mr. MCCLINTOCK, Mr. MUR-
PHY, Mrs. HARSHBARGER, Mrs. RODGERS of Washington, Mr. GUEST, 
Mr. LAMBORN, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. SWALWELL, and Ms. WASSERMAN 
SCHULTZ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on the Ju-
diciary, Financial Services, and Ways and Means, for a period to be sub-
sequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of 
such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To impose sanctions on the Supreme Leader of Iran and 
the President of Iran and their respective offices for 
human rights abuses and support for terrorism. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Mahsa Amini Human 
rights and Security Accountability Act’’ or the ‘‘MAHSA 
Act’’. 
SEC. 2. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS ON IRAN’S SUPREME 
LEADER’S OFFICE, ITS APPOINTEES, AND ANY 
AFFILIATED PERSONS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Supreme Leader is an institution of the 
Islamic Republic of Iran. 
(2) The Supreme Leader holds ultimate author-
ity over Iran’s judiciary and security apparatus, in-
cluding the Ministry of Intelligence and Security, 
law enforcement forces under the Interior Ministry, 
the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and 
the Basij, a nationwide volunteer paramilitary group 
subordinate to the IRGC, all of which have engaged 
in human rights abuses in Iran. Additionally the 
IRGC, a United States designated Foreign Terrorist 
Organization, which reports to the Supreme Leader, 
continues to perpetrate terrorism around the globe, 
including attempts to kill and kidnap American citi-
zens on United States soil. 
(3) The Supreme Leader appoints the head of 
Iran’s judiciary. International observers continue to 
criticize the lack of independence of Iran’s judicial 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
system and maintained that trials disregarded inter-
national standards of fairness. 
(4) The revolutionary courts, created by Iran’s 
former Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini, within 
Iran’s judiciary, are chiefly responsible for hearing 
cases of political offenses, operate in parallel to 
Iran’s criminal justice system and routinely hold 
grossly unfair trials without due process, handing 
down predetermined verdicts and rubberstamping 
executions for political purpose. 
(5) The Iranian security and law enforcement 
forces engage in serious human rights abuse at the 
behest of the Supreme Leader. 
(6) Iran’s President, Ebrahim Raisi, sits at the 
helm of the most sanctioned cabinet in Iranian his-
tory which includes internationally sanctioned rights 
violators. Raisi has supported the recent crackdown 
on protestors and is rights violator himself, having 
served on a ‘‘death commission’’ in 1988 that led to 
the execution of several thousand political prisoners 
in Iran. He most recently served as the head of 
Iran’s judiciary, a position appointed by Iran’s cur-
rent Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and may likely 
be a potential candidate to replace Khamenei as 
Iran’s next Supreme Leader. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
(7) On September 16th, 2022, 22-year-old 
woman, Mahsa Amini, died in the detention of the 
Morality Police after being beaten and detained for 
allegedly transgressing discriminatory dress codes 
for women. This tragic incident triggered wide-
spread, pro-women’s rights, pro-democracy protests 
across all of Iran’s 31 provinces, calling for the end 
to Iran’s theocratic regime. 
(8) In the course of the protests, the Iranian 
security forces’ violent crackdown includes mass ar-
rests, well documented beating of protestors, throt-
tling of the internet and telecommunications serv-
ices, and shooting protestors with live ammunition. 
Five weeks into the protests, Iranian security forces 
have reportedly killed hundreds of protestors and 
other civilians, including women and children, and 
wounded many more. 
(9) Iran’s Supreme Leader is the leader of the 
‘‘Axis of Resistance’’, which is a network of 
Tehran’s terror proxy and partner militias material 
supported by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 
that targets the United States as well as its allies 
and partners. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
(1) the United States shall stand with and sup-
port the people of Iran in their demand for funda-
mental human rights; and 
(2) the United States shall continue to hold the 
Islamic Republic of Iran, particularly the Supreme 
Leader and President, accountable for abuses of 
human rights, corruption, and export of terrorism. 
(c) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) DETERMINATION
REQUIRED.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall de-
termine whether the sanctions listed in paragraph 
(2) apply with respect to each person and entity de-
scribed in subsection (d), and impose all applicable 
such sanctions with respect to each such person and 
entity. 
(2) SANCTIONS LISTED.—The sanctions listed 
in this paragraph are the following: 
(A) Sanctions described in section 105(c) 
of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Account-
ability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 
8514(c)). 
(B) Sanctions applicable with respect to a 
person pursuant to Executive Order 13553 (50 
U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking property 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
(B) to have materially assisted, sponsored, 
or provided financial, material, or technological 
support for, or goods or services to or in sup-
port of any person whose property and interests 
in property are blocked pursuant to this section; 
(C) to be owned or controlled by, or to 
have acted or purported to act for or on behalf 
of, directly or indirectly any person whose prop-
erty and interests in property are blocked pur-
suant to this section; or 
(D) to be a member of the board of direc-
tors or a senior executive officer of any person 
whose property and interests in property are 
blocked pursuant to this section. 
(e) CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
receiving a request from the chairman and ranking 
member of one of the appropriate congressional com-
mittees with respect to whether a person meets the 
criteria of a person described in subsection (d)(5), 
the President shall— 
(A) determine if the person meets such cri-
teria; and 
(B) submit a classified or unclassified re-
port to such chairman and ranking member 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS
with respect to such determination that includes 
a statement of whether or not the President im-
posed or intends to impose sanctions with re-
spect to the person pursuant to this section. 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap-
propriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate. 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
00:19 Feb 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\H589.IH
H589
pbinns on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS