H. R. 636 
One Hundred Fourteenth Congress 
of the 
United States of America 
AT THE SECOND SESSION 
Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, 
the fourth day of January, two thousand and sixteen 
An Act 
To amend title 49, United States Code, to extend authorizations for the airport 
improvement program, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to extend 
the funding and expenditure authority of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, 
and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘FAA Extension, 
Safety, and Security Act of 2016’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for this Act 
is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Appropriate committees of Congress defined. 
TITLE I—FAA EXTENSION 
Subtitle A—Airport and Airway Programs 
Sec. 1101. Extension of airport improvement program. 
Sec. 1102. Extension of expiring authorities. 
Sec. 1103. Federal Aviation Administration operations. 
Sec. 1104. Air navigation facilities and equipment. 
Sec. 1105. Research, engineering, and development. 
Sec. 1106. Funding for aviation programs. 
Sec. 1107. Essential air service. 
Subtitle B—Revenue Provisions 
Sec. 1201. Expenditure authority from Airport and Airway Trust Fund. 
Sec. 1202. Extension of taxes funding Airport and Airway Trust Fund. 
TITLE II—AVIATION SAFETY CRITICAL REFORMS 
Subtitle A—Safety 
Sec. 2101. Pilot records database deadline. 
Sec. 2102. Cockpit automation management. 
Sec. 2103. Enhanced mental health screening for pilots. 
Sec. 2104. Laser pointer incidents. 
Sec. 2105. Crash-resistant fuel systems. 
Sec. 2106. Hiring of air traffic controllers. 
Sec. 2107. Training policies regarding assistance for persons with disabilities. 
Sec. 2108. Air travel accessibility. 
Sec. 2109. Additional certification resources. 
Sec. 2110. Tower marking. 
Sec. 2111. Aviation cybersecurity. 
Sec. 2112. Repair stations located outside United States. 
Sec. 2113. Enhanced training for flight attendants. 
Subtitle B—UAS Safety 
Sec. 2201. Definitions. 
Sec. 2202. Identification standards. 
Sec. 2203. Safety statements.
H. R. 636—2 
Sec. 2204. Facilitating interagency cooperation for unmanned aircraft authorization 
in support of firefighting operations and utility restoration. 
Sec. 2205. Interference with wildfire suppression, law enforcement, or emergency 
response effort by operation of unmanned aircraft. 
Sec. 2206. Pilot project for airport safety and airspace hazard mitigation. 
Sec. 2207. Emergency exemption process. 
Sec. 2208. Unmanned aircraft systems traffic management. 
Sec. 2209. Applications for designation. 
Sec. 2210. Operations associated with critical infrastructure. 
Sec. 2211. Unmanned aircraft systems research and development roadmap. 
Sec. 2212. Unmanned aircraft systems-manned aircraft collision research. 
Sec. 2213. Probabilistic metrics research and development study. 
Subtitle C—Time Sensitive Aviation Reforms 
Sec. 2301. Small airport relief for safety projects. 
Sec. 2302. Use of revenues at previously associated airport. 
Sec. 2303. Working group on improving air service to small communities. 
Sec. 2304. Computation of basic annuity for certain air traffic controllers. 
Sec. 2305. Refunds for delayed baggage. 
Sec. 2306. Contract weather observers. 
Sec. 2307. Medical certification of certain small aircraft pilots. 
Sec. 2308. Tarmac delays. 
Sec. 2309. Family seating. 
TITLE III—AVIATION SECURITY 
Sec. 3001. Short title. 
Sec. 3002. Definitions. 
Subtitle A—TSA PreCheck Expansion 
Sec. 3101. PreCheck program authorization. 
Sec. 3102. PreCheck program enrollment expansion. 
Subtitle B—Securing Aviation From Foreign Entry Points and Guarding Airports 
Through Enhanced Security 
Sec. 3201. Last point of departure airport security assessment. 
Sec. 3202. Security coordination enhancement plan. 
Sec. 3203. Workforce assessment. 
Sec. 3204. Donation of screening equipment to protect the United States. 
Sec. 3205. National cargo security program. 
Sec. 3206. International training and capacity development. 
Subtitle C—Checkpoint Optimization and Efficiency 
Sec. 3301. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 3302. Enhanced staffing allocation model. 
Sec. 3303. Effective utilization of staffing resources. 
Sec. 3304. TSA staffing and resource allocation. 
Sec. 3305. Aviation security stakeholders defined. 
Sec. 3306. Rule of construction. 
Subtitle D—Aviation Security Enhancement and Oversight 
Sec. 3401. Definitions. 
Sec. 3402. Threat assessment. 
Sec. 3403. Oversight. 
Sec. 3404. Credentials. 
Sec. 3405. Vetting. 
Sec. 3406. Metrics. 
Sec. 3407. Inspections and assessments. 
Sec. 3408. Covert testing. 
Sec. 3409. Security directives. 
Sec. 3410. Implementation report. 
Sec. 3411. Miscellaneous amendments. 
Subtitle E—Checkpoints of the Future 
Sec. 3501. Checkpoints of the future. 
Sec. 3502. Pilot program for increased efficiency and security at Category X air-
ports. 
Sec. 3503. Pilot program for the development and testing of prototypes for airport 
security systems. 
Sec. 3504. Report required. 
Sec. 3505. Funding.
H. R. 636—3 
Sec. 3506. Acceptance and provision of resources by the Transportation Security 
Administration. 
Subtitle F—Miscellaneous Provisions 
Sec. 3601. Visible deterrent. 
Sec. 3602. Law enforcement training for mass casualty and active shooter inci-
dents. 
Sec. 3603. Assistance to airports and surface transportation systems. 
SEC. 2. APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED. 
In this Act, unless expressly provided otherwise, the term 
‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
TITLE I—FAA EXTENSION 
Subtitle A—Airport and Airway Programs 
SEC. 1101. EXTENSION OF AIRPORT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 48103(a) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal years 
2012 through 2015’’ and all that follows through the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 2017.’’. 
(b) PROJECT GRANT AUTHORITY.—Section 47104(c) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1) by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2017,’’. 
SEC. 1102. EXTENSION OF EXPIRING AUTHORITIES. 
(a) Section 47107(r)(3) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘July 16, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘October 1, 
2017’’. 
(b) Section 47115(j) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 2015’’ and all that follows 
through ‘‘July 15, 2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 
2017,’’. 
(c) Section 47124(b)(3)(E) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 2015’’ and all that 
follows through ‘‘July 15, 2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2012 
through 2017’’. 
(d) Section 47141(f) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
(e) Section 41743(e)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘2015’’ and inserting ‘‘2017’’. 
(f) Section 186(d) of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation 
Reauthorization Act (117 Stat. 2518) is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal 
years 2012 through 2015’’ and all that follows through ‘‘July 15, 
2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 2017’’. 
(g) Section 409(d) of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation 
Reauthorization Act (49 U.S.C. 41731 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
(h) Section 140(c)(1) of the FAA Modernization and Reform 
Act of 2012 (126 Stat. 28) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2013 through 2016,’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2013 through 2017,’’; and 
(2) by inserting before the period at the end the following: 
‘‘or an extension of this Act’’.
H. R. 636—4 
(i) Section 332(c)(1) of the FAA Modernization and Reform 
Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) is amended by striking ‘‘5 
years after the date of enactment of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘on 
September 30, 2019’’. 
(j) Section 411(h) of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act 
of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 42301 prec. note) is amended by striking ‘‘July 
15, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
(k) Section 822(k) of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act 
of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 47141 note) is amended by striking ‘‘July 15, 
2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
SEC. 1103. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OPERATIONS. 
Section 106(k) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (1)(E) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(E) $9,909,724,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 
2017.’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 
2015’’ and all that follows through ‘‘July 15, 2016,’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal years 2012 through 2017,’’. 
SEC. 1104. AIR NAVIGATION FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT. 
Section 48101(a)(5) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(5) $2,855,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017.’’. 
SEC. 1105. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT. 
Section 48102(a)(9) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(9) $166,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017.’’. 
SEC. 1106. FUNDING FOR AVIATION PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 48114 of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2016,’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2017,’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2016’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’. 
(b) COMPLIANCE WITH AVIATION FUNDING REQUIREMENT.—The 
budget authority authorized in this title, including the amendments 
made by this title, shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements 
of subsections (a)(1)(B) and (a)(2) of section 48114 of title 49, United 
States Code, for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017. 
SEC. 1107. ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE. 
Section 41742(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2014,’’ and all that follows through ‘‘July 
15, 2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2014, $93,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2015, and $175,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 
2017’’. 
Subtitle B—Revenue Provisions 
SEC. 1201. EXPENDITURE AUTHORITY FROM AIRPORT AND AIRWAY 
TRUST FUND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9502(d)(1) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 is amended—
H. R. 636—5 
(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘July 16, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘October 1, 2017’’; and 
(2) in subparagraph (A), by striking the semicolon at the 
end and inserting ‘‘or the FAA Extension, Safety, and Security 
Act of 2016;’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 9502(e)(2) of such Code 
is amended by striking ‘‘July 16, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘October 
1, 2017’’. 
SEC. 1202. EXTENSION OF TAXES FUNDING AIRPORT AND AIRWAY 
TRUST FUND. 
(a) FUEL TAXES.—Section 4081(d)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 is amended by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting 
‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
(b) TICKET TAXES.— 
(1) PERSONS.—Section 4261(k)(1)(A)(ii) of such Code is 
amended by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 
30, 2017’’. 
(2) PROPERTY.—Section 4271(d)(1)(A)(ii) of such Code is 
amended by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘September 
30, 2017’’. 
(c) FRACTIONAL OWNERSHIP PROGRAMS.— 
(1) TREATMENT
AS
NONCOMMERCIAL
AVIATION.—Section 
4083(b) of such Code is amended by striking ‘‘July 16, 2016’’ 
and inserting ‘‘October 1, 2017’’. 
(2) EXEMPTION FROM TICKET TAXES.—Section 4261(j) of such 
Code is amended by striking ‘‘July 15, 2016’’ and inserting 
‘‘September 30, 2017’’. 
TITLE II—AVIATION SAFETY CRITICAL 
REFORMS 
Subtitle A—Safety 
SEC. 2101. PILOT RECORDS DATABASE DEADLINE. 
Section 44703(i)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ‘‘The Administrator shall establish’’ and inserting ‘‘Not 
later than April 30, 2017, the Administrator shall establish and 
make available for use’’. 
SEC. 2102. COCKPIT AUTOMATION MANAGEMENT. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall— 
(1) develop a process to verify that air carrier training 
programs incorporate measures to train pilots on— 
(A) monitoring automation systems; and 
(B) controlling the flightpath of aircraft without auto-
pilot or autoflight systems engaged; 
(2) develop metrics or measurable tasks that air carriers 
can use to evaluate pilot monitoring proficiency; 
(3) issue guidance to aviation safety inspectors responsible 
for oversight of the operations of air carriers on tracking and 
assessing pilots’ proficiency in manual flight; and 
(4) issue guidance to air carriers and inspectors regarding 
standards for compliance with the requirements for enhanced
H. R. 636—6 
pilot training contained in the final rule published in the Fed-
eral Register on November 12, 2013 (78 Fed. Reg. 67800). 
SEC. 2103. ENHANCED MENTAL HEALTH SCREENING FOR PILOTS. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
consider the recommendations of the Pilot Fitness Aviation Rule-
making Committee in determining whether to implement, as part 
of a comprehensive medical certification process for pilots with 
a first- or second-class airman medical certificate, additional 
screening for mental health conditions, including depression and 
suicidal thoughts or tendencies, and assess treatments that would 
address any risk associated with such conditions. 
SEC. 2104. LASER POINTER INCIDENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Beginning 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion, in coordination with appropriate Federal law enforcement 
agencies, shall provide quarterly updates to the appropriate commit-
tees of Congress regarding— 
(1) the number of incidents involving the beam from a 
laser pointer (as defined in section 39A of title 18, United 
States Code) being aimed at, or in the flight path of, an aircraft 
in the airspace jurisdiction of the United States; 
(2) the number of civil or criminal enforcement actions 
taken by the Federal Aviation Administration, the Department 
of Transportation, or another Federal agency with regard to 
the incidents described in paragraph (1), including the amount 
of the civil or criminal penalties imposed on violators; 
(3) the resolution of any incidents described in paragraph 
(1) that did not result in a civil or criminal enforcement action; 
and 
(4) any actions the Department of Transportation or 
another Federal agency has taken on its own, or in conjunction 
with other Federal agencies or local law enforcement agencies, 
to deter the type of activity described in paragraph (1). 
(b) CIVIL PENALTIES.—The Administrator shall revise the max-
imum civil penalty that may be imposed on an individual who 
aims the beam of a laser pointer at an aircraft in the airspace 
jurisdiction of the United States, or at the flight path of such 
an aircraft, to be $25,000. 
SEC. 2105. CRASH-RESISTANT FUEL SYSTEMS. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
evaluate and update, as necessary, standards for crash-resistant 
fuel systems for civilian rotorcraft. 
SEC. 2106. HIRING OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 44506 of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) HIRING OF CERTAIN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SPECIALISTS.— 
‘‘(1) CONSIDERATION OF APPLICANTS.— 
‘‘(A) 
ENSURING
SELECTION
OF
MOST
QUALIFIED 
APPLICANTS.—In appointing individuals to the position of 
air traffic controller, the Administrator shall give pref-
erential consideration to qualified individuals maintaining 
52 consecutive weeks of air traffic control experience
H. R. 636—7 
involving the full-time active separation of air traffic after 
receipt of an air traffic certification or air traffic control 
facility rating within 5 years of application while serving 
at— 
‘‘(i) a Federal Aviation Administration air traffic 
control facility; 
‘‘(ii) a civilian or military air traffic control facility 
of the Department of Defense; or 
‘‘(iii) a tower operating under contract with the 
Federal Aviation Administration under section 47124. 
‘‘(B) CONSIDERATION OF ADDITIONAL APPLICANTS.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—After giving preferential consid-
eration to applicants under subparagraph (A), the 
Administrator shall consider additional applicants for 
the position of air traffic controller by referring an 
approximately equal number of individuals for appoint-
ment among the 2 applicant pools described in this 
subparagraph. The number of individuals referred for 
consideration from each group shall not differ by more 
than 10 percent. 
‘‘(ii) POOL
1.—Pool 1 applicants are individuals 
who— 
‘‘(I) have successfully completed air traffic con-
troller training and graduated from an institution 
participating in the Collegiate Training Initiative 
program maintained under subsection (c)(1) and 
who have received from the institution— 
‘‘(aa) an appropriate recommendation; or 
‘‘(bb) an endorsement certifying that the 
individual would have met the requirements 
in effect as of December 31, 2013, for an appro-
priate recommendation; 
‘‘(II) are eligible for a veterans recruitment 
appointment pursuant to section 4214 of title 38 
and provide a Certificate of Release or Discharge 
from Active Duty within 120 days of the announce-
ment closing; 
‘‘(III) are eligible veterans (as defined in sec-
tion 4211 of title 38) maintaining aviation experi-
ence obtained in the course of the individual’s mili-
tary experience; or 
‘‘(IV) are preference eligible veterans (as 
defined in section 2108 of title 5). 
‘‘(iii) POOL 2.—Pool 2 applicants are individuals 
who apply under a vacancy announcement recruiting 
from all United States citizens. 
‘‘(2) USE OF BIOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENTS.— 
‘‘(A) BIOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENTS.—The Administrator 
shall not use any biographical assessment when hiring 
under paragraph (1)(A) or paragraph (1)(B)(ii). 
‘‘(B) RECONSIDERATION OF APPLICANTS DISQUALIFIED ON 
BASIS OF BIOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENTS.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—If an individual described in 
paragraph (1)(A) or paragraph (1)(B)(ii), who applied 
for the position of air traffic controller with the 
Administration in response to Vacancy Announcement 
FAA–AMC–14–ALLSRCE–33537 (issued on February
H. R. 636—8 
10, 2014), was disqualified from the position as the 
result of a biographical assessment, the Administrator 
shall provide the applicant an opportunity to reapply 
for the position as soon as practicable under the revised 
hiring practices. 
‘‘(ii) WAIVER OF AGE RESTRICTION.—The Adminis-
trator shall waive any maximum age restriction for 
the position of air traffic controller with the Adminis-
tration that would otherwise disqualify an individual 
from the position if the individual— 
‘‘(I) is reapplying for the position pursuant 
to clause (i) on or before December 31, 2017; and 
‘‘(II) met the maximum age requirement on 
the date of the individual’s previous application 
for the position during the interim hiring process. 
‘‘(3) MAXIMUM
ENTRY
AGE
FOR
EXPERIENCED
CONTROL-
LERS.—Notwithstanding section 3307 of title 5, the maximum 
limit of age for an original appointment to a position as an 
air traffic controller shall be 35 years of age for those 
maintaining 52 weeks of air traffic control experience involving 
the full-time active separation of air traffic after receipt of 
an air traffic certification or air traffic control facility rating 
in a civilian or military air traffic control facility.’’. 
(b) NOTIFICATION
OF VACANCIES.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall consider directly notifying 
secondary schools and institutions of higher learning, including 
Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Hispanic-serving 
institutions, Minority Institutions, and Tribal Colleges and Univer-
sities, of a vacancy announcement under section 44506(f)(1)(B)(iii) 
of title 49, United States Code. 
SEC. 2107. TRAINING POLICIES REGARDING ASSISTANCE FOR PERSONS 
WITH DISABILITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to Congress a report assessing required air carrier 
personnel and contractor training programs regarding the assist-
ance of persons with disabilities, including— 
(1) variations in training programs between air carriers; 
(2) instances since 2005 where the Department of Transpor-
tation has requested that an air carrier take corrective action 
following a review of the air carrier’s training programs; and 
(3) actions taken by air carriers following requests 
described in paragraph (2). 
(b) BEST PRACTICES.—After the date the report is submitted 
under subsection (a), the Secretary of Transportation, based on 
the findings of the report, shall develop, make publicly available, 
and appropriately disseminate to air carriers such best practices 
as the Secretary considers necessary to improve the reviewed 
training programs. 
SEC. 2108. AIR TRAVEL ACCESSIBILITY. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue the supplemental 
notice of proposed rulemaking referenced in the Secretary’s Report 
on Significant Rulemakings, dated June 15, 2015, and assigned 
Regulation Identification Number 2105–AE12.
H. R. 636—9 
SEC. 2109. ADDITIONAL CERTIFICATION RESOURCES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
and subject to the requirements of subsection (b), the Administrator 
of the FAA may enter into a reimbursable agreement with an 
applicant or certificate-holder for the reasonable travel and per 
diem expenses of the FAA associated with official travel to expedite 
the acceptance or validation by a foreign authority of an FAA 
certificate or design approval or the acceptance or validation by 
the FAA of a foreign authority certificate or design approval. 
(b) CONDITIONS.—The Administrator may enter into an agree-
ment under subsection (a) only if— 
(1) the travel covered under the agreement is deemed nec-
essary, by both the Administrator and the applicant or certifi-
cate-holder, to expedite the acceptance or validation of the 
relevant certificate or approval; 
(2) the travel is conducted at the request of the applicant 
or certificate-holder; 
(3) travel plans and expenses are approved by the applicant 
or certificate-holder prior to travel; and 
(4) the agreement requires payment in advance of FAA 
services and is consistent with the processes under section 
106(l)(6) of title 49, United States Code. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report on— 
(1) the number of occasions on which the Administrator 
entered into reimbursable agreements under this section; 
(2) the number of occasions on which the Administrator 
declined a request by an applicant or certificate-holder to enter 
into a reimbursable agreement under this section; 
(3) the amount of reimbursements collected in accordance 
with agreements under this section; and 
(4) the extent to which reimbursable agreements under 
this section assisted in reducing the amount of time necessary 
for validations of certificates and design approvals. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following definitions 
apply: 
(1) APPLICANT.—The term ‘‘applicant’’ means a person that 
has— 
(A) applied to a foreign authority for the acceptance 
or validation of an FAA certificate or design approval; 
or 
(B) applied to the FAA for the acceptance or validation 
of a foreign authority certificate or design approval. 
(2) CERTIFICATE-HOLDER.—The term ‘‘certificate-holder’’ 
means a person that holds a certificate issued by the Adminis-
trator under part 21 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(3) FAA.—The term ‘‘FAA’’ means the Federal Aviation 
Administration. 
SEC. 2110. TOWER MARKING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration shall issue regulations to require the marking of covered 
towers. 
(b) MARKING REQUIRED.—The regulations under subsection (a) 
shall require that a covered tower be clearly marked in a manner
H. R. 636—10 
that is consistent with applicable guidance under the Federal Avia-
tion Administration Advisory Circular issued December 4, 2015 
(AC 70/7460–1L), or other relevant safety guidance, as determined 
by the Administrator. 
(c) APPLICATION.—The regulations issued under subsection (a) 
shall ensure that— 
(1) all covered towers constructed on or after the date 
on which such regulations take effect are marked in accordance 
with subsection (b); and 
(2) a covered tower constructed before the date on which 
such regulations take effect is marked in accordance with sub-
section (b) not later than 1 year after such effective date. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In this section, the following definitions 
apply: 
(A) COVERED TOWER.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘covered tower’’ means 
a structure that— 
(I) is self-standing or supported by guy wires 
and ground anchors; 
(II) is 10 feet or less in diameter at the above- 
ground base, excluding concrete footing; 
(III) at the highest point of the structure is 
at least 50 feet above ground level; 
(IV) at the highest point of the structure is 
not more than 200 feet above ground level; 
(V) has accessory facilities on which an 
antenna, 
sensor, 
camera, 
meteorological 
instrument, or other equipment is mounted; and 
(VI) is located— 
(aa) outside the boundaries of an incor-
porated city or town; or 
(bb) on land that is— 
(AA) undeveloped; or 
(BB) used for agricultural purposes. 
(ii) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘‘covered tower’’ does 
not include any structure that— 
(I) is adjacent to a house, barn, electric utility 
station, or other building; 
(II) is within the curtilage of a farmstead; 
(III) supports electric utility transmission or 
distribution lines; 
(IV) is a wind-powered electrical generator 
with a rotor blade radius that exceeds 6 feet; or 
(V) is a street light erected or maintained 
by a Federal, State, local, or tribal entity. 
(B) UNDEVELOPED.—The term ‘‘undeveloped’’ means a 
defined geographic area where the Administrator deter-
mines low-flying aircraft are operated on a routine basis, 
such as low-lying forested areas with predominant tree 
cover under 200 feet and pasture and range land. 
(2) OTHER DEFINITIONS.—The Administrator shall define 
such other terms as may be necessary to carry out this section. 
(e) DATABASE.—The Administrator shall— 
(1) develop a database that contains the location and height 
of each covered tower; 
(2) keep the database current to the extent practicable;
H. R. 636—11 
(3) ensure that any proprietary information in the database 
is protected from disclosure in accordance with law; and 
(4) ensure that, by virtue of accessing the database, users 
agree and acknowledge that information in the database— 
(A) may only be used for aviation safety purposes; 
and 
(B) may not be disclosed for purposes other than avia-
tion safety, regardless of whether or not the information 
is marked or labeled as proprietary or with a similar des-
ignation. 
SEC. 2111. AVIATION CYBERSECURITY. 
(a) COMPREHENSIVE AND STRATEGIC AVIATION FRAMEWORK.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 240 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall facilitate and support the 
development of a comprehensive and strategic framework of 
principles and policies to reduce cybersecurity risks to the 
national airspace system, civil aviation, and agency information 
systems using a total systems approach that takes into consid-
eration the interactions and interdependence of different compo-
nents of aircraft systems and the national airspace system. 
(2) SCOPE.—In carrying out paragraph (1), the Adminis-
trator shall— 
(A) identify and address the cybersecurity risks associ-
ated with— 
(i) the modernization of the national airspace 
system; 
(ii) the automation of aircraft, equipment, and 
technology; and 
(iii) aircraft systems, including by— 
(I) directing the Aircraft Systems Information 
Security Protection Working Group— 
(aa) to assess cybersecurity risks to air-
craft systems; 
(bb) to review the extent to which existing 
rulemaking, policy, and guidance to promote 
safety also promote aircraft systems informa-
tion security protection; and 
(cc) to provide appropriate recommenda-
tions to the Administrator if separate or addi-
tional rulemaking, policy, or guidance is 
needed to address cybersecurity risks to air-
craft systems; and 
(II) identifying and addressing— 
(aa) cybersecurity risks associated with in- 
flight entertainment systems; and 
(bb) whether in-flight entertainment sys-
tems can and should be isolated and separate, 
such as through an air gap, under existing 
rulemaking, policy, and guidance; 
(B) clarify cybersecurity roles and responsibilities of 
offices and employees of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion, as the roles and responsibilities relate to cybersecurity 
at the Federal Aviation Administration; 
(C) identify and implement objectives and actions to 
reduce cybersecurity risks to air traffic control information
H. R. 636—12 
systems, including actions to improve implementation of 
information security standards, such as those of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology; 
(D) support voluntary efforts by industry, RTCA, Inc., 
and other standards-setting organizations to develop and 
identify consensus standards and best practices relating 
to guidance on aviation systems information security 
protection, consistent, to the extent appropriate, with the 
cybersecurity risk management activities described in sec-
tion 2(e) of the National Institute of Standards and Tech-
nology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)); 
(E) establish guidelines for the voluntary exchange 
of information between and among aviation stakeholders 
pertaining to aviation-related cybersecurity incidents, 
threats, and vulnerabilities; 
(F) identify short- and long-term objectives and actions 
that can be taken in response to cybersecurity risks to 
the national airspace system; and 
(G) identify research and development activities to 
inform actions in response to cybersecurity risks. 
(3) IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the 
activities under this subsection, the Administrator shall— 
(A) coordinate with aviation stakeholders, including, 
at a minimum, representatives of industry, airlines, manu-
facturers, airports, RTCA, Inc., and unions; 
(B) consult with the heads of relevant agencies and 
with international regulatory authorities; 
(C) if determined appropriate, convene an expert panel 
or working group to identify and address cybersecurity 
risks; and 
(D) evaluate, on a periodic basis, the effectiveness of 
the principles established under this subsection. 
(b) UPDATE ON CYBERSECURITY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS.— 
Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Administrator shall provide to the appropriate committees of 
Congress an update on progress made toward the implementation 
of this section. 
(c) CYBERSECURITY THREAT MODEL.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in 
consultation with the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology, shall implement the open recommendation issued 
in 2015 by the Government Accountability Office to assess and 
research the potential cost and timetable of developing and 
maintaining an agencywide threat model, which shall be updated 
regularly, to strengthen the cybersecurity of agency systems across 
the Federal Aviation Administration. The Administrator shall brief 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Com-
mittee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate on the status, results, and composition 
of the threat model. 
(d) NATIONAL INSTITUTE
OF STANDARDS
AND TECHNOLOGY 
INFORMATION SECURITY STANDARDS.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration, after consultation with the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall transmit
H. R. 636—13 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Com-
mittee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a report on— 
(1) a cybersecurity standards plan to improve implementa-
tion of the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s 
latest revisions to information security guidance for Federal 
Aviation Administration information and Federal Aviation 
Administration information systems within set timeframes; and 
(2) an explanation of why any such revisions are not incor-
porated in the plan or are not incorporated within set time-
frames. 
(e) CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—Not later 
than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator, in consultation with other agencies as appropriate, shall 
establish a cybersecurity research and development plan for the 
national airspace system, including— 
(1) any proposal for research and development cooperation 
with international partners; 
(2) an evaluation and determination of research and 
development needs to determine any cybersecurity risks of 
cabin communications and cabin information technology sys-
tems on board in the passenger domain; and 
(3) objectives, proposed tasks, milestones, and a 5-year 
budgetary profile. 
SEC. 2112. REPAIR STATIONS LOCATED OUTSIDE UNITED STATES. 
(a) RISK-BASED OVERSIGHT.—Section 44733 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); 
(2) by inserting after subsection (e) the following: 
‘‘(f) RISK-BASED OVERSIGHT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of the FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act 
of 2016, the Administrator shall take measures to ensure that 
the safety assessment system established under subsection (a)— 
‘‘(A) places particular consideration on inspections of 
part 145 repair stations located outside the United States 
that conduct scheduled heavy maintenance work on part 
121 air carrier aircraft; and 
‘‘(B) accounts for the frequency and seriousness of any 
corrective actions that part 121 air carriers must imple-
ment to aircraft following such work at such repair stations. 
‘‘(2) 
INTERNATIONAL
AGREEMENTS.—The 
Administrator 
shall take the measures required under paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) in accordance with United States obligations under 
applicable international agreements; and 
‘‘(B) in a manner consistent with the applicable laws 
of the country in which a repair station is located. 
‘‘(3) ACCESS TO DATA.—The Administrator may access and 
review such information or data in the possession of a part 
121 air carrier as the Administrator may require in carrying 
out paragraph (1)(B).’’; and 
(3) in subsection (g) (as so redesignated)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as para-
graphs (2) and (3), respectively; and
H. R. 636—14 
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesig-
nated) the following: 
‘‘(1) HEAVY MAINTENANCE WORK.—The term ‘heavy mainte-
nance work’ means a C-check, a D-check, or equivalent mainte-
nance operation with respect to the airframe of a transport- 
category aircraft.’’. 
(b) ALCOHOL
AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES TESTING.—The 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall ensure 
that— 
(1) not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, a notice of proposed rulemaking required pursuant 
to section 44733(d)(2) is published in the Federal Register; 
and 
(2) not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
notice of proposed rulemaking is published in the Federal Reg-
ister, the rulemaking is finalized. 
(c) BACKGROUND INVESTIGATIONS.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
ensure that each employee of a repair station certificated under 
part 145 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, who performs 
a safety-sensitive function on an air carrier aircraft has undergone 
a pre-employment background investigation sufficient to determine 
whether the individual presents a threat to aviation safety, in 
a manner that is— 
(1) determined acceptable by the Administrator; 
(2) consistent with the applicable laws of the country in 
which the repair station is located; and 
(3) consistent with the United States obligations under 
international agreements. 
SEC. 2113. ENHANCED TRAINING FOR FLIGHT ATTENDANTS. 
Section 44734(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) recognizing and responding to potential human traf-
ficking victims.’’. 
Subtitle B—UAS Safety 
SEC. 2201. DEFINITIONS. 
(a) 
DEFINITIONS
APPLIED.—In 
this 
subtitle, 
the 
terms 
‘‘unmanned aircraft’’, ‘‘unmanned aircraft system’’, and ‘‘small 
unmanned aircraft’’ have the meanings given those terms in section 
331 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 
40101 note), as amended by this Act. 
(b) FAA MODERNIZATION AND REFORM ACT.—Section 331 of 
the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 
note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (6) by inserting ‘‘, including everything 
that is on board or otherwise attached to the aircraft’’ after 
‘‘55 pounds’’; and 
(2) by striking paragraph (7) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(7) TEST RANGE.—
H. R. 636—15 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘test range’ means a 
defined geographic area where research and development 
are conducted as authorized by the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration. 
‘‘(B) INCLUSIONS.—The term ‘test range’ includes any 
of the 6 test ranges established by the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration under section 332(c), 
as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
this subparagraph, and any public entity authorized by 
the Federal Aviation Administration as an unmanned air-
craft system flight test center before January 1, 2009.’’. 
SEC. 2202. IDENTIFICATION STANDARDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration, in consultation with the Secretary of Transpor-
tation, the President of RTCA, Inc., and the Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, shall convene industry 
stakeholders to facilitate the development of consensus standards 
for remotely identifying operators and owners of unmanned aircraft 
systems and associated unmanned aircraft. 
(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—As part of any standards developed 
under subsection (a), the Administrator shall ensure the consider-
ation of— 
(1) requirements for remote identification of unmanned 
aircraft systems; 
(2) appropriate requirements for different classifications 
of unmanned aircraft systems operations, including public and 
civil; and 
(3) the feasibility of the development and operation of a 
publicly accessible online database of unmanned aircraft and 
the operators thereof, and any criteria for exclusion from the 
database. 
(c) DEADLINE.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report on any standards developed under 
subsection (a). 
(d) GUIDANCE.—Not later than 1 year after the date on which 
the Administrator submits the report under subsection (c), the 
Administrator shall issue regulations or guidance, as appropriate, 
based on any standards developed under subsection (a). 
SEC. 2203. SAFETY STATEMENTS. 
(a) REQUIRED INFORMATION.—Beginning on the date that is 
1 year after the date of publication of the guidance under subsection 
(b)(1), a manufacturer of a small unmanned aircraft shall make 
available to the owner at the time of delivery of the small unmanned 
aircraft the safety statement described in subsection (b)(2). 
(b) SAFETY STATEMENT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall issue guidance for implementing 
this section. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—A safety statement required under 
subsection (a) shall include— 
(A) information about, and sources of, laws and regula-
tions applicable to small unmanned aircraft;
H. R. 636—16 
(B) recommendations for using small unmanned air-
craft in a manner that promotes the safety of persons 
and property; 
(C) the date that the safety statement was created 
or last modified; and 
(D) language approved by the Administrator regarding 
the following: 
(i) A person may operate the small unmanned 
aircraft as a model aircraft (as defined in section 336 
of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 
(49 U.S.C. 40101 note)) or otherwise in accordance 
with Federal Aviation Administration authorization or 
regulation, including requirements for the completion 
of any applicable airman test. 
(ii) The definition of a model aircraft under section 
336 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 
(49 U.S.C. 40101 note). 
(iii) The requirements regarding the operation of 
a model aircraft under section 336 of the FAA Mod-
ernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 
note). 
(iv) The Administrator may pursue enforcement 
action against a person operating model aircraft who 
endangers the safety of the national airspace system. 
(c) CIVIL PENALTY.—A person who violates subsection (a) shall 
be liable for each violation to the United States Government for 
a civil penalty described in section 46301(a) of title 49, United 
States Code. 
SEC. 
2204. 
FACILITATING 
INTERAGENCY 
COOPERATION 
FOR 
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT AUTHORIZATION IN SUPPORT OF 
FIREFIGHTING OPERATIONS AND UTILITY RESTORATION. 
(a) FIREFIGHTING OPERATIONS.—The Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration shall enter into agreements with the 
Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture, as nec-
essary, to continue the expeditious authorization of safe unmanned 
aircraft system operations in support of firefighting operations con-
sistent with the requirements of section 334(c) of the FAA Mod-
ernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note). 
(b) UTILITY RESTORATION.—The Administrator shall enter into 
agreements with the Secretary of Energy and with such other 
agencies or parties, including the Federal Emergency Management 
Agency, as are necessary to facilitate the expeditious authorization 
of safe unmanned aircraft system operations in support of service 
restoration efforts of utilities. 
(c) DEFINITION OF UTILITY.—In this section, the term ‘‘utility’’ 
shall at a minimum include the definition in section 3(4) of the 
Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2602(4)). 
SEC. 2205. INTERFERENCE WITH WILDFIRE SUPPRESSION, LAW 
ENFORCEMENT, OR EMERGENCY RESPONSE EFFORT BY 
OPERATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 463 of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following: