IA
106TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. J. RES. 42
To amend the War Powers Resolution.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
MARCH 24, 1999
Mr. DEFAZIO (for himself and Mr. METCALF) introduced the following bill;
which was referred to the Committee on International Relations, and in
addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently de-
termined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions
as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
JOINT RESOLUTION
To amend the War Powers Resolution.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This joint resolution may be cited as the ‘‘War Pow-
ers Amendments of 1999’’.
SEC. 2. REVISION OF WAR POWERS RESOLUTION.
The War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1541–1548)
is amended by striking out all after the resolving clause
and inserting in lieu thereof the following:
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‘‘SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
‘‘This joint resolution may be cited as the ‘War Pow-
ers Resolution’.
‘‘SEC. 2. PURPOSE; CONGRESSIONAL LEGISLATIVE AU-
THORITY.
‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this joint resolu-
tion to fulfill the intent of the framers of the Constitution
of the United States and ensure that the collective judg-
ment of both the Congress and the President will apply
to—
‘‘(1) the introduction of the Armed Forces into
hostilities,
‘‘(2) the continued use of the Armed Forces in
hostilities, and
‘‘(3) the participation of the Armed Forces in
certain military operations of the United Nations.
‘‘(b) CONGRESSIONAL LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY.—
Among the powers granted to the Congress by the Con-
stitution are—
‘‘(1) the power to declare war;
‘‘(2) the power of the purse (‘No Money shall
be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of
Appropriations made by Law’); and
‘‘(3) the power to make all laws necessary and
proper for carrying into execution not only its own
powers but also all other powers vested by the Con-
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stitution in the Government of the United States, or
in any department or officer thereof.
‘‘SEC. 3. EMERGENCY USES OF THE ARMED FORCES IN HOS-
TILITIES.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Armed Forces may be intro-
duced into hostilities only as follows:
‘‘(1) DECLARATION OF WAR.—Pursuant to a
declaration of war by the Congress.
‘‘(2) SPECIFIC STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION.—
In accordance with a specific statutory authoriza-
tion.
‘‘(3) ARMED ATTACK ON UNITED STATES.—To
the extent necessary—
‘‘(A) to repel an armed attack upon the
United States;
‘‘(B) to take necessary and appropriate re-
taliatory actions in the event of such an attack;
or
‘‘(C) to forestall the direct and imminent
threat of such an attack.
‘‘(4) 
ARMED
ATTACK
ON
THE
ARMED
FORCES.—To the extent necessary—
‘‘(A) to repel an armed attack against
Armed Forces located outside the United
States; or
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those members of the Senate designated by the
President pro tempore of the Senate.
‘‘(c) WHAT CONSULTATION REQUIRES.—In order to
satisfy the consultation requirement of this section, the
President must ask Members of Congress for their advice
and opinions before the decision is made to introduce the
Armed Forces. Such consultation requires that all infor-
mation relevant to the situation must be made available
to the Members of Congress being consulted. The con-
sultation requirement of this section is not met, however,
if the Congress is merely informed about the situation.
‘‘SEC. 5. REPORTS TO THE CONGRESS.
‘‘(a) REPORTING
REQUIREMENT.—The President
shall submit the report described in subsection (b) within
48 hours after the Armed Forces are introduced into hos-
tilities in accordance with paragraph (3), (4), or (5) of
section 3(a).
‘‘(b) DESCRIPTION OF REPORT REQUIRED.—The re-
port required by subsection (a) is a written report sub-
mitted by the President to the Speaker of the House of
Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Sen-
ate on the same calendar day, setting forth—
‘‘(1) the circumstances necessitating the intro-
duction of the Armed Forces;
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‘‘(2) the specific constitutional and legislative
authority under which such introduction took place;
and
‘‘(3) the estimated scope and duration of the
hostilities or the involvement of the Armed Forces,
as the case may be.
Any such report shall state expressly that it is being sub-
mitted pursuant to this section.
‘‘(c) ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION.—The President
shall provide such other information as the Congress may
request in the fulfillment of its constitutional responsibil-
ities with respect to committing the Nation to war and
to the use of the Armed Forces abroad.
‘‘(d) CONTINUING REPORTS.—Whenever the Armed
Forces are introduced into hostilities the President shall,
so long as the Armed Forces continue to be involved in
those or related hostilities, report to the Congress periodi-
cally on the status of such hostilities as well as on the
scope and estimated duration of such hostilities, but in
no event shall the President report to the Congress less
often than once every six months.
‘‘SEC. 6. CONGRESSIONAL ACTION WITH RESPECT TO HOS-
TILITIES.
‘‘(a) RECEIPT OF SECTION 5(a) REPORT.—Each re-
port submitted pursuant to section 5(a) shall be referred
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to the Committee on International Relations of the House
of Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate for appropriate action. If, when the
report is transmitted, the Congress has adjourned sine die
or has adjourned for any period in excess of three calendar
days, the Speaker of the House of Representatives and
the President pro tempore of the Senate, if they deem it
advisable (or if they are petitioned by at least 30 percent
of the membership of their respective Houses) shall jointly
request the President to convene the Congress in order
that it may consider the report and take appropriate ac-
tion pursuant to this section.
‘‘(b) REQUIREMENT FOR SPECIFIC STATUTORY AU-
THORIZATION FOR CONTINUED INVOLVEMENT.—Within
60 calendar days after the Armed Forces are introduced
into hostilities in accordance with paragraph (3), (4), or
(5) of section 3(a), the President shall remove the Armed
Forces from those hostilities unless the Congress—
‘‘(1) has declared war;
‘‘(2) has enacted a joint resolution providing
specific authorization for such use of the Armed
Forces;
‘‘(3) has extended by law such 60-day period; or
‘‘(4) is physically unable to meet as a result of
an armed attack upon the United States.
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This 60-day period shall be extended for not more than
an additional 30 days if the President determines and cer-
tifies to the Congress in writing that unavoidable military
necessity respecting the safety of the Armed Forces re-
quires the continued use of the Armed Forces in the
course of bringing about their prompt removal from hos-
tilities.
‘‘(c) FUNDING LIMITATION.—Unless one of the num-
bered paragraphs of subsection (b) applies, after the expi-
ration of the period specified in that subsection (including
any extension of that period in accordance with that sub-
section), funds appropriated or otherwise made available
under any law may not be obligated or expended to con-
tinue the involvement of the Armed Forces in the hos-
tilities. This subsection does not, however, prohibit the use
of funds to remove the Armed Forces from hostilities.
‘‘SEC. 7. CONGRESSIONAL EXPEDITED PROCEDURES.
‘‘(a) RESOLUTIONS SUBJECT TO PROCEDURES.—As
used in this section, the term ‘privileged resolution’ means
a joint resolution—
‘‘(1) that provides specific authorization for the
use of the Armed Forces in hostilities, so long as
that resolution contains only provisions which are
relevant to those hostilities; and
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‘‘(2) that is introduced after the President has
submitted a written request to the Congress for en-
actment of such an authorization with respect to
those or related hostilities.
‘‘(b) PROCEDURE
IN
HOUSE
OF
REPRESENTA-
TIVES.—(1) This subsection applies to the consideration
of a privileged resolution in the House of Representatives.
‘‘(2) A privileged resolution introduced in the House
of Representatives shall be referred, upon introduction, to
the Committee on International Relations. A privileged
resolution shall not be sequentially referred.
‘‘(3)(A) If, at the end of 10 calendar days after the
introduction of a privileged resolution, the Committee on
International Relations has not reported that resolution,
that committee shall be discharged from further consider-
ation of that resolution and that resolution shall be placed
on the appropriate calendar of the House.
‘‘(B) After a privileged resolution has been placed on
the appropriate calendar, no other resolution with respect
to the same or related hostilities may be reported by or
be discharged from any committee under this subsection
while the first resolution—
‘‘(i) is before the House of Representatives (in-
cluding remaining on the calendar),
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‘‘(ii) is before the Senate (including remaining
on the calendar) unless the Senate has had a vote
on final passage with respect to the resolution and
a majority of those voting did not vote in the affirm-
ative,
‘‘(iii) is before a committee of conference or
otherwise awaiting disposition of amendments be-
tween the Houses, or
‘‘(iv) is awaiting transmittal to the President or
is before the President.
‘‘(4)(A)(i) At any time after a privileged resolution
has been placed on the appropriate calendar, it is in order
for any Member of the House of Representatives to move
that the House resolve itself into the Committee of the
Whole House on the State of the Union for the consider-
ation of that resolution. The motion is highly privileged.
‘‘(ii) The motion under clause (i) is in order even if
a previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed
to.
‘‘(B) All points of order against a privileged resolu-
tion and consideration of the resolution are waived. If the
motion under subparagraph (A) is agreed to, the privi-
leged resolution shall remain the unfinished business of
the House until disposed of, to the exclusion of all other
business (other than a motion to adjourn), except as pro-
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in the Committee of the Whole, to final passage without
intervening motion, except one motion to recommit with
or without instructions.
‘‘(5)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), if,
before the passage by the House of Representatives of a
privileged resolution of the House, the House receives a
privileged resolution from the Senate with respect to the
same or related hostilities, then the following procedures
shall apply:
‘‘(i) The resolution of the Senate shall not be
referred to a committee.
‘‘(ii) With respect to the privileged resolution of
the House—
‘‘(I) the procedure in the House shall be
the same as if no resolution had been received
from the Senate; but
‘‘(II) the privileged resolution of the Sen-
ate shall be considered to have been read for
the third time; the vote on final passage shall
be on the resolution of the Senate (if the resolu-
tions are identical), or on the resolution of the
Senate (if they are not identical) with the text
of the resolution of the House inserted in lieu
of the text of the resolution of the Senate; and
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the vote on final passage shall occur without de-
bate or any intervening action.
‘‘(iii) Upon disposition of a privileged resolution
received from the Senate, consideration of the privi-
leged resolution of the House shall no longer be priv-
ileged under this section.
‘‘(B) If the House receives from the Senate a privi-
leged resolution before any privileged resolution is intro-
duced in the House with respect to the same or related
hostilities, then the resolution of the Senate shall be re-
ferred to the appropriate committee or committees, and
the procedures in the House with respect to that resolu-
tion shall be the same under this subsection as if the reso-
lution received had been introduced in the House.
‘‘(C) If the House receives from the Senate a privi-
leged resolution after the House has disposed of an iden-
tical privileged resolution, it shall be in order to proceed
by a highly privileged, nondebatable motion to consider-
ation of the resolution of the Senate, and that resolution
shall be disposed of without debate and without amend-
ment.
‘‘(6) A motion to disagree with amendments of the
Senate to a privileged resolution of the House and request
or agree to a conference with the Senate, or a motion to
insist on the House amendments to a privileged resolution
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of the Senate and request or agree to a conference of the
Senate, is highly privileged.
‘‘(7)(A) If the conferees are unable to agree on resolv-
ing the differences between the two Houses with respect
to a privileged resolution within 72 hours after the second
House is notified that the first House has agreed to con-
ference, they shall report back to their respective House
in disagreement.
‘‘(B) Notwithstanding any rule of the House of Rep-
resentatives concerning the printing of conference reports
in the Congressional Record or concerning any delay in
the consideration of such reports, a conference report with
respect to a privileged resolution, including a report filed
in disagreement, shall be acted on in the House of Rep-
resentatives not later than 2 session days after the first
House files the report or, in the case of the House acting
first, the report has been available for 2 hours. The con-
ference report (and any amendment reported in disagree-
ment) shall be deemed to have been read. Debate on such
a conference report shall be limited to 3 hours, equally
divided between, and controlled by the Majority Leader
and the Minority Leader (or their designees).
‘‘(C) As used in subparagraph (B), the term ‘session
day’ means a day on which the House of Representatives
convenes.
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‘‘(8) This subsection is enacted by the House of
Representatives—
‘‘(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of
the House of Representatives, and as such it is
deemed a part of the rules of the House, but appli-
cable only with respect to the procedure to be fol-
lowed in the House in the case of a privileged resolu-
tion, and it supersedes other rules only to the extent
that it is inconsistent with such rules; and
‘‘(B) with full recognition of the constitutional
right of the House to change its rules (so far as re-
lating to the procedure of the House) at any time,
in the same manner, and to the same extent as in
the case of any other rule of the House.
‘‘(c) PROCEDURES IN THE SENATE.—(1) This sub-
section applies to the consideration of a privileged resolu-
tion in the Senate.
‘‘(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘ses-
sion days’ means days on which the Senate is in session.
‘‘(3) A privileged resolution introduced in the Senate
shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.
‘‘(4)(A) If the Committee on Foreign Relations has
not reported a privileged resolution (or an identical resolu-
tion) at the end of 7 calendar days after the introduction
of that resolution, that committee shall be discharged from
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further consideration of that resolution, and that resolu-
tion shall be placed on the appropriate calendar of the
Senate.
‘‘(B) After a committee reports or is discharged from
a privileged resolution, no other resolution with respect to
the same or related hostilities may be reported by or be
discharged 
from 
such 
committee 
while 
the 
first
resolution—
‘‘(i) is before the Senate (including remaining
on the calendar),
‘‘(ii) is before the House of Representatives (in-
cluding remaining on the calendar), unless the
House has had a vote on final passage with respect
to the resolution and a majority of those voting did
not vote in the affirmative,
‘‘(iii) is before a committee of conference or
otherwise awaiting disposition of amendments be-
tween the Houses, or
‘‘(iv) is awaiting transmittal to the President or
is before the President.
‘‘(5)(A)(i) When the committee to which a privileged
resolution is referred has reported, or has been discharged
under paragraph (4) from further consideration of that
resolution, it is at any time thereafter in order (even
though a previous motion to the same effect has been dis-
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agreed to) for any Member of the Senate to move to pro-
ceed to the consideration of the resolution, notwith-
standing any rule or precedent of the Senate, including
Rule 22. Except as provided in clause (ii) of this subpara-
graph or subparagraph (B) of this paragraph (insofar as
it relates to germaneness and relevancy of amendments),
all points of order against a privileged resolution and con-
sideration of the resolution are waived. The motion is priv-
ileged and is not debatable. The motion is not subject to
a motion to postpone. A motion to reconsider the vote by
which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall be in
order, except that such motion may not be entered for fu-
ture disposition. If a motion to proceed to the consider-
ation of a privileged resolution is agreed to, the resolution
shall remain the unfinished business of the Senate, to the
exclusion of all other business, until disposed of, except
as otherwise provided in paragraph (6)(A).
‘‘(ii) Whenever a point of order is raised in the Senate
against the privileged status of a resolution that has been
laid before the Senate and been initially identified as privi-
leged for consideration under this subsection upon its in-
troduction, such point of order shall be submitted directly
to the Senate. The point of order, ‘The resolution is not
privileged under the War Powers Resolution’, shall be de-
cided by the yeas and the nays after four hours of debate,
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may not be entered for future disposition, and debate on
such motion shall be limited to 1 hour.
‘‘(C) Whenever all the time for debate on a privileged
resolution has been used or yielded back, no further
amendments may be proposed, except as provided in sub-
paragraph (B)(iii), and the vote on the adoption of the
resolution shall occur without any intervening motion or
amendment, except that a single quorum call at the con-
clusion of the debate if requested in accordance with the
rules of the Senate may occur immediately before such
vote.
‘‘(D) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating
to the application of the Rules of the Senate to the proce-
dure relating to a privileged resolution shall be limited to
one-half hour of debate, equally divided between, and con-
trolled by, the Member making the appeal and the man-
ager of the resolution, except that in the event the man-
ager is in favor of any such appeal, the time in opposition
thereto shall be controlled by the Minority Leader or his
designee.
‘‘(6)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), if,
before the passage by the Senate of a privileged resolution
of the Senate, the Senate receives a priviledged resolution
from the House of Representatives with respect to the
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same or related hostilities, then the following procedures
shall apply:
‘‘(i) The privileged resolution of the House of
Representatives shall not be referred to a committee.
‘‘(ii) With respect to the privileged resolution of
the Senate—
‘‘(I) the procedure in the Senate shall be
the same as if no resolution had been received
from the House of Representatives; but
‘‘(II) the resolution of the House of Rep-
resentatives shall be considered to have been
read for the third time; the vote on final pas-
sage shall be on the resolution of the House of
Representatives (if such resolutions are iden-
tical) or on the resolution of the House of Rep-
resentatives (if not identical), with the text of
the resolution of the Senate inserted in lieu of
the text of the resolution of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and such vote on final passage
shall occur without debate or any intervening
action.
‘‘(iii) Upon disposition of a privileged resolution
received from the House of Representatives, it shall
no longer be in order to consider the resolution origi-
nated in the Senate.
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‘‘(B) If the Senate receives a privileged resolution
from the House of Representatives before any privileged
resolution is introduced in the Senate with respect to the
same or related hostilities, then the resolution received
shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations,
and the procedures in the Senate with respect to that reso-
lution shall be the same under this section as if the resolu-
tion received had been introduced in the Senate.
‘‘(7) If the Senate receives a privileged resolution
from the House of Representatives after the Senate has
disposed of an identical privileged resolution, it shall be
in order to proceed by nondebatable motion to consider-
ation of the resolution received by the Senate, and that
resolution shall be disposed of without debate and without
amendment.
‘‘(8)(A)(i) The time for debate in the Senate on all
motions required for the disposition of amendments be-
tween the Houses shall not exceed 2 hours, equally divided
between, and controlled by, the mover of the motion and
the manager of the resolution at each stage of the pro-
ceedings between the two Houses, except that in the event
the manager is in favor of any such motion, the time in
opposition thereto shall be controlled by the Minority
Leader or his designee. In the case of any disagreement
between the two Houses of Congress with respect to a
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privileged resolution which is not resolved, any Senator
may make any motion or motions referred to in this clause
within 2 session days after action by the second House
or before the appointment of conferees, whichever comes
first.
‘‘(ii) In the event the conferees are unable to agree
within 72 hours after the second House is notified that
the first House has agreed to conference, they shall report
back to their respective House in disagreement.
‘‘(iii) Notwithstanding any rule in the Senate con-
cerning the printing of conference reports in the Congres-
sional Record or concerning any delay in the consideration
of such reports, such report, including a report filed or
returned in disagreement, shall be acted on in the Senate
not later than 2 session days after the first House files
the report or, in the case of the Senate acting first, the
report is first made available on the desks of the Senators.
Debate in the Senate on a conference report or a report
filed or returned in disagreement on any such resolution
shall be limited to 3 hours, equally divided between, and
controlled by, the Majority Leader and the Minority Lead-
er, and their designees.
‘‘(B) If a privileged resolution is vetoed by the Presi-
dent, the time for debate in consideration of the veto mes-
sage on such measure shall be limited to 20 hours in the
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Senate, equally divided between, and controlled by, the
Majority Leader and the Minority Leader, and their des-
ignees.
‘‘(9) This subsection is enacted by the Senate—
‘‘(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of
the Senate, as such it is deemed a part of the rules
of the Senate but applicable only with respect to the
procedure to be followed in the Senate in the case
of a privileged resolution, and it supersedes other
rules only to the extent that it is inconsistent with
such rules; and
‘‘(B) with full recognition of the constitutional
right of the Senate to change its rules (so far as re-
lating to the procedure of the Senate) at any time,
in the same manner, and to the same extent as in
the case of any other rule of the Senate.
‘‘SEC. 8. JUDICIAL REVIEW.
‘‘(a) STANDING OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS.—Any
Member of Congress may bring an action in the United
States District Court for the District of Columbia for de-
claratory judgment and injunctive relief on the ground
that the President or the Armed Forces have not complied
with any provision of this joint resolution.
‘‘(b) JUSTICIABILITY.—In any action described in
subsection (a), the court shall not decline to make a deter-
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mination on the merits on the ground that the issue of
compliance is a political question or is otherwise nonjus-
ticiable.
‘‘(c) CONGRESSIONAL INTENT.—Notwithstanding the
number, position, or party affiliation of any plaintiffs in
an action described in subsection (a), it is the intent of
the Congress that the court—
‘‘(1) infer congressional disapproval of the in-
volvement of the Armed Forces in hostilities; and
‘‘(2) find that an impasse exists between the
Congress and the Executive which requires judicial
resolution.
‘‘(d) EXPEDITED CONSIDERATION.—Any court in
which an action described in subsection (a) is heard shall
accord such action the highest priority and shall announce
its judgment as speedily as the requirements of Article III
of the Constitution permit.
‘‘(e) JUDICIAL REMEDY.—(1) If the court in an ac-
tion described in subsection (a) finds that the President
has failed to submit a report required by section 5(a) of
this joint resolution, the court shall—
‘‘(A) direct the President to submit that report;
and
‘‘(B) specify the date on which the Armed
Forces were introduced into hostilities.
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‘‘(2) If the court in an action described in subsection
(a) finds that section 3 or section 6(b) of this joint resolu-
tion has been violated, the court shall direct the President
to remove the Armed Forces from the hostilities. The
Armed Forces shall be removed pursuant to the court’s
order—
‘‘(A) immediately, or
‘‘(B) if the President determines and certifies
to the Congress in writing that unavoidable military
necessity respecting the safety of the Armed Forces
requires the continued use of the Armed Forces in
the course of bringing about their prompt removal
from hostilities, within a period not to exceed 30
days after the order is issued.
‘‘(f) APPEALS.—Any judgment in an action described
in subsection (a) shall be directly appealable to the United
States Supreme Court.
‘‘SEC. 9. RULES OF INTERPRETATION.
‘‘(a) OTHER STATUTES AND TREATIES.—Authority
to introduce the Armed Forces into hostilities shall not
be inferred—
‘‘(1) from any provision of law (including any
provision in effect before the date of enactment of
this joint resolution), including any provision con-
tained in any appropriation Act, unless that provi-
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sion specifically authorizes the introduction of the
Armed Forces into hostilities and states that it is in-
tended to constitute specific statutory authorization
within the meaning of this joint resolution; or
‘‘(2) from any treaty heretofore or hereafter
ratified unless that treaty is implemented by legisla-
tion specifically authorizing the introduction of the
Armed Forces into hostilities and stating that it is
intended to constitute specific statutory authoriza-
tion within the meaning of this joint resolution.
‘‘(b) CONGRESSIONAL ACTION OR INACTION.—The
failure of the Congress to adopt a measure—
‘‘(1) terminating, limiting, or prohibiting the in-
volvement of the Armed Forces in hostilities, or
‘‘(2) finding that the President or the Armed
Forces are acting in violation of this joint resolution,
may not be construed as indicating congressional author-
ization or approval of, or acquiescence in, the involvement
of the Armed Forces in any hostilities or as a finding by
the Congress that such involvement is consistent with this
joint resolution.
‘‘SEC. 10. DEFINITIONS.
‘‘For purposes of this joint resolution, the following
definitions apply:
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‘‘(1) 
ARMED
FORCES.—The 
term 
‘Armed
Forces’ means the armed forces of the United
States.
‘‘(2) HOSTILITIES.—The term ‘hostilities’ in-
cludes a situation where overt acts of warfare are
taking place, such as—
‘‘(A) the exchange of fire between regular
or irregular military forces, or
‘‘(B) the aerial or naval bombardment of
military or civilian targets by regular or irreg-
ular military forces,
regardless of whether the Armed Forces are partici-
pating in the exchange of fire or the bombardment;
‘‘(3) 
INTRODUCE.—The 
term 
‘introduce’
includes—
‘‘(A) any commitment, engagement, or
other involvement of the Armed Forces in hos-
tilities, including the taking of self-defense
measures by the Armed Forces in response to
an attack or threatened attack;
‘‘(B) the assigning or detailing of members
of the Armed Forces to command, coordinate,
participate in the movement of, accompany, or
provide logistical support or training for any
foreign regular or irregular military forces if
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those forces are involved in hostilities (regard-
less of whether those hostilities involve insur-
gent forces or the military forces of a foreign
country); and
‘‘(C) the assigning or detailing of members
of the Armed Forces to an operation authorized
by the United Nations Security Council under
chapter VII of the United Nations Charter.
‘‘(4) UNITED
STATES; COUNTRY.—The terms
‘United States’ and ‘country’, when used in a geo-
graphic sense, include territories and possessions.
‘‘SEC. 11. SEPARABILITY CLAUSE.
‘‘If any provision of this joint resolution or the appli-
cation thereof to any person or circumstance is held in-
valid, the remainder of the joint resolution and the appli-
cation of such provision to any other person or cir-
cumstance shall not be affected thereby.’’.
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