(b) REFERRAL TO THE PRESIDENT.—If the Secretary of Defense con-
cludes that any request, action, proposed action, or failure to act on the 
part of the Administrator is adverse to the responsibilities of the Depart-
ment of Defense, or the Administrator concludes that any request, action, 
proposed action, or failure to act on the part of the Department of Defense 
is adverse to the responsibilities of the Administration, and the Adminis-
trator and the Secretary of Defense are unable to reach an agreement with 
respect to the matter, either the Administrator or the Secretary of Defense 
may refer the matter to the President for a decision (which shall be final). 
§ 20115. International cooperation 
The Administration, under the foreign policy guidance of the President, 
may engage in a program of international cooperation in work done pursu-
ant to this chapter, and in the peaceful application of the results thereof, 
pursuant to agreements made by the President with the advice and consent 
of the Senate. 
§ 20116. Reports to Congress 
(a) PRESIDENTIAL REPORT.—The President shall transmit to Congress 
in May of each year a report, which shall include— 
(1) a comprehensive description of the programmed activities and the 
accomplishments of all agencies of the United States in the field of aer-
onautics and space activities during the preceding fiscal year; and 
(2) an evaluation of such activities and accomplishments in terms of 
the attainment of, or the failure to attain, the objectives described in 
section 20102(d) of this title. 
(b) RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR ADDITIONAL LEGISLATION.—Any report 
made under this section shall contain such recommendations for additional 
legislation as the Administrator or the President may consider necessary or 
desirable for the attainment of the objectives described in section 20102(d) 
of this title. 
(c) CLASSIFIED INFORMATION.—No information that has been classified 
for reasons of national security shall be included in any report made under 
this section, unless the information has been declassified by, or pursuant to 
authorization given by, the President. 
§ 20117. Disposal of excess land 
Notwithstanding the provisions of this or any other law, the Administra-
tion may not report to a disposal agency as excess to the needs of the Ad-
ministration any land having an estimated value in excess of $50,000 that 
is owned by the United States and under the jurisdiction and control of the 
Administration, unless— 
(1) a period of 30 days has passed after the receipt by the Speaker 
and the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Rep-
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resentatives and the President and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate of a report by the Adminis-
trator or the Administrator’s designee containing a full and complete 
statement of the action proposed to be taken and the facts and cir-
cumstances relied upon in support of such action; or 
(2) each such committee before the expiration of that period has 
transmitted to the Administrator written notice to the effect that the 
committee has no objection to the proposed action. 
SUBCHAPTER III—GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 
§ 20131. Public access to information 
(a) PUBLIC INSPECTION.—Information obtained or developed by the Ad-
ministrator in the performance of the Administrator’s functions under this 
chapter shall be made available for public inspection, except information— 
(1) authorized or required by Federal statute to be withheld; 
(2) classified to protect the national security; or 
(3) described in subsection (b). 
(b) SPECIAL HANDLING OF TRADE SECRET OR CONFIDENTIAL INFORMA-
TION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator, for a period of up to 5 years 
after the development of information described in paragraph (2), may 
provide appropriate protections against the dissemination of such infor-
mation, including exemption from subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 
5. 
(2) INFORMATION
DESCRIBED.—Information referred to in para-
graph (1) is information that results from activities conducted under 
an agreement entered into under subsections (e) and (f) of section 
20113 of this title, and that would be a trade secret or commercial or 
financial information that is privileged or confidential under the mean-
ing of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 if the information had been obtained 
from a non-Federal party participating in such an agreement. 
(c) COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.—Nothing in this chapter authorizes the 
withholding of information by the Administrator from the duly authorized 
committees of Congress. 
§ 20132. Security requirements 
The Administrator shall establish such security requirements, restrictions, 
and safeguards as the Administrator deems necessary in the interest of the 
national security. The Administrator may arrange with the Director of the 
Office of Personnel Management for the conduct of such security or other 
personnel investigations of the Administration’s officers, employees, and 
consultants, and its contractors and subcontractors and their officers and 
employees, actual or prospective, as the Administrator deems appropriate. 
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If any such investigation develops any data reflecting that the individual 
who is the subject of the investigation is of questionable loyalty, the matter 
shall be referred to the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the conduct of 
a full field investigation, the results of which shall be furnished to the Ad-
ministrator. 
§ 20133. Permission to carry firearms 
As the Administrator deems necessary in the public interest, the Adminis-
trator may— 
(1) direct officers and employees of the Administration to carry fire-
arms while in the conduct of their official duties; and 
(2) authorize employees of contractors and subcontractors of the Ad-
ministration who are engaged in the protection of property owned by 
the United States, and located at facilities owned by or contracted to 
the United States, to carry firearms while in the conduct of their offi-
cial duties. 
§ 20134. Arrest authority 
Under regulations prescribed by the Administrator and approved by the 
Attorney General, employees of the Administration and of its contractors 
and subcontractors authorized to carry firearms under section 20133 of this 
title may arrest without warrant for any offense against the United States 
committed in their presence, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of 
the United States if they have reasonable grounds to believe that the person 
to be arrested has committed or is committing such felony. Persons granted 
authority to make arrests by this section may exercise that authority only 
while guarding and protecting property owned or leased by, or under the 
control of, the United States under the administration and control of the 
Administration or one of its contractors or subcontractors, at facilities 
owned by or contracted to the Administration. 
§ 20135. Property rights in inventions 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘contract’’ means any actual or proposed 
contract, agreement, understanding, or other arrangement, and in-
cludes any assignment, substitution of parties, or subcontract executed 
or entered into thereunder. 
(2) MADE.—The term ‘‘made’’, when used in relation to any inven-
tion, means the conception or first actual reduction to practice of such 
invention. 
(3) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means any individual, partnership, 
corporation, association, institution, or other entity. 
(b) EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF UNITED STATES.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—An invention shall be the exclusive property of the 
United States if it is made in the performance of any work under any 
contract of the Administration, and the Administrator determines 
that— 
(A) the person who made the invention was employed or as-
signed to perform research, development, or exploration work and 
the invention is related to the work the person was employed or 
assigned to perform, or was within the scope of the person’s em-
ployment duties, whether or not it was made during working 
hours, or with a contribution by the Government of the use of 
Government facilities, equipment, materials, allocated funds, infor-
mation proprietary to the Government, or services of Government 
employees during working hours; or 
(B) the person who made the invention was not employed or as-
signed to perform research, development, or exploration work, but 
the invention is nevertheless related to the contract, or to the work 
or duties the person was employed or assigned to perform, and 
was made during working hours, or with a contribution from the 
Government of the sort referred to in subparagraph (A). 
(2) PATENT TO UNITED STATES.—If an invention is the exclusive 
property of the United States under paragraph (1), and if such inven-
tion is patentable, a patent therefor shall be issued to the United 
States upon application made by the Administrator, unless the Admin-
istrator waives all or any part of the rights of the United States to 
such invention in conformity with the provisions of subsection (g). 
(c) CONTRACT PROVISIONS FOR FURNISHING REPORTS OF INVENTIONS, 
DISCOVERIES, IMPROVEMENTS, OR INNOVATIONS.—Each contract entered 
into by the Administrator with any party for the performance of any work 
shall contain effective provisions under which the party shall furnish 
promptly to the Administrator a written report containing full and complete 
technical information concerning any invention, discovery, improvement, or 
innovation which may be made in the performance of any such work. 
(d) PATENT APPLICATION.—No patent may be issued to any applicant 
other than the Administrator for any invention which appears to the Under 
Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United 
States Patent and Trademark Office (hereafter in this section referred to 
as the ‘‘Director’’) to have significant utility in the conduct of aeronautical 
and space activities unless the applicant files with the Director, with the ap-
plication or within 30 days after request therefor by the Director, a written 
statement executed under oath setting forth the full facts concerning the 
circumstances under which the invention was made and stating the relation-
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