APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD OTHER STATES FOR COMPARISON West Virginia......-...----... 0 0 58 higan..... - 0 13 Oregon...-.- -- 0 om” Washington... sees 9 32 Maine..-....0 22 022-2-eeeee ee 0 82 It should be mentioned here that destruc- tive fires have occurred in States that are now fully protected. An example is the State of Maine, where & dry season brought on some fires a few years ago that got com- pletely out of control. The recent spring season in South Carolina provided another example of extensive losses in a fully or- ganized State. So we cannot afford any- where to sit back and assume that because all the area is covered there is no need for con- cern. In fact we should not be satisfied until uncontrolled woods fires are as rare as they are tn Europe. Almost all fires spring from human action. They are not normal and natural. In spite of the examples of fires on pro- tected areas, it is clear from the tabulation that the neglected areas take the big losses, both in the unorganized parts and in those where protection has been arranged. This points to the important fact that the fire problem is worse where the people have not yet accepted the idea that fires are bad and that they can be prevented. THOSE WHO UNDERSTAND HAVE A CLEAR DUTY The broadest kind of public education is needed. A great deal of this work is being done in the South today. The unprotected area is being reduced, as for instance in Georgia and Florida. However, there appears to be need for wider participation in the educational effort so that everyone will be reached, not necessarily by the officials charged with the duty, but by anyone who realizes the need for improvement and wants to serve his country in a way that will have far-reaching results. Many voluntary organizations are working in this field, including Forest Farmers. Does it not appear that the time has arrived for greater efforts by more people and by more organizations, so that the story can be car- ried by neighbors, to everyone in the country, in the towns, and along the roads? The sim- ple story is that wildfires are depriving the South of income and materials that it should rightfully expect for the future. Now that there are large markets for small trees, it should not be too hard to show owners, oper- ators, business people, and neighbors that tangible benefits can come to them every day from trees that once had values only for the distant future. SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN THE SOUTH The South has had two other problems of its own, in addition to the earlier lack of markets for the lower grades of wood. Per- haps the less important factor has been the belief that fire makes the grazing better and tends to rid the woods of ticks and other pests. Another problem stems from the fact, well known to the people of the southern woods, that fire may be a useful as well as a destructive agent. When fire is rigidly excluded from pine- lands in the South there is likely to be an invasion by brush and by tree species that have generally been less wanted than pine. Again, frequent light fires prevent the ac- cumulation of litter that would provide fuel for fires hot enough to kill many of the larger trees as well as the little ones. Here a distinction must be made between the wildfires, set by anyone on anyone's land, and the newer idea of controlled or prescribed burning, to give the advantages of fire, with- out permitting it to burn the whole country- aide. People interested tn protection have bee: understandably cautious about accept- ing the beneficial use of fire, because few people as yet know what is needed to keep a controlled fire in check, and many have not been converted as yet to the need for doing away with wild fire. The war situation should spur al! citizens to a greater effort to convert everyone to the idea that wild fire is really out of place in times like these, FIRE LAWS O. K.? After most of the thoughtful and right- thinking people have concluded that fire is bad, there will still be a small number who for one reason or another will not go along with a good cause. Here the law must come in. This might be a good time for members of the Forest Farmers Association to examine the laws in their own States to see if they are as good as they should be to meet pres- ent conditions. It is not necessary to try something new, for among the 48 States many kinds of laws have been tested, and this experience should be used to the full. Owners and operators especially have a chance to point out the needs in their own localities and to advocate reasonable laws to protect the many from the losses that have come from thoughtless actions of a few. Amendment of Railway Labor Act EXTENSION OF REMARKS oF HON. THOMAS G. ABERNETHY OF MISSISSIPPI IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr. ABERNETHY. Mr. Speaker, on January 1, 1950, the House passed 8. 3295, a bill to amend the Railway Labor Act and to authorize agreements for union membership and deductions from wages of carriers’ employees. This bill is substantially the same as H. R. 7789 in the Eighty-first Congress. The legislation has the effect of forcing carrier employees to join a union in order to work and hold their jobs. It also forces them to pay dues to the union and directs the carrier employer to de- duct the dues from the pay checks of the employees. I believe in unions for workers and laborers and if I were an employee of a railroad or other carrier I would want to belong to one of the brotherhoods in the craft or the class of the work that I did. However, I believe in the right to belong or not to belong to a union or any other organization. I feel that membership is something that should be left entirely to the choice of the worker. This is in keeping with the gen- eral democratic rights of American people and the freedoms which belong to them. Therefore, I did not support 8. 3295 which has the effect of forcing workers to join a union and forcing them to pay dues where the shop in which they work is unionized. That choice should be left to each individual worker. In this connection, Mr. Speaker, I in- clude as a part of my remarks a letter which was received by our State dele- gation from a man who is a member of the Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, and whose sentiment ts in keeping with that A2l I have expressed above. The letter follows: Loutsviu.e, Ky., December 27, 1950, Hon. Joun E. RANKIN, Hon. Jamie L. WHITTEN. Hon, WiuruamM M. WHITTINGTON. Hon, Tuomas G. ABERNETHY, Hon. ArgtHuR WINSTEAD. Hon. Wi.tzam M. CoumEr, . Hon. JoHN Bett WILLIAMS. Honorase Sirs: As a district chairman of the Brotherhood of Railway Clerks repre- senting 257 members transferred here from the States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Lou- isiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee, and above all a southerner, IJ am appealing to you gen- tlemen to vote and exert your influence againat H. R. 7789, which would amend the Railway Labor Act to permit negotiations for @ union shop on the railroads. While I and my coworkers here on the Louisville & Nash- ville Railroad believe in the necessity for unions, as our voluntary membership proves, ‘we do not believe in forced membership in either a union, club, lodge, church, or any- thing else, feeling that such in any form 1s un-American and should be left to Rusala. This legislation is being sought by the national leaders and the opinion of the people has not been asked for nor considered. They seek such power to further their political ideas which for the greater part are of the FEPC and civil-rights variety, as is evidenced by the propaganda for such in labor papers. Food for thought is that there are over 300,000 new members of the railway clerks alone and with the passage of this bill would be added some 60,000 forced members. Assess each of these members even the small sum of 85 each, which the law ag written provides can be done, and it is easy to see what a power would be unleashed in support of the above political ideas. This alone should warn any southerner against such. We as railroad employees have made great progress by the expression of the freedom of choice and the Railway Labor Act. Keep this act intact and let us continue to do so, but, either progress or failure, let us be as freemen and not by orders under force from afew. Help us preserve this freedom. Yours very truly, W. T. Hagrison, Impossible for United States To Do Busi- ness With Russia on Any Normal Plane EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. LOUIS B. HELLER OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr. HELLER. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my remarks in the Rec- orp, I include the following article from the Brooklyn Eagle of December 26, 1950: ImPosSIBLE FoR UNITED STATES To Do BUSINESS Wrrn Russta oN ANY NoRMAL PLANE When the holiday season is over we can expect the new defense programs to get roll- ing in earnest. It has been said that the public generally is more willing to accept the expected restrictions than Washington is to invoke them. That may be true in some instances, but we are a bit inclined to belfeve that both Congress and the Presi- dent are much more aware of the situation than they have been given credit for. Our information is that the long-run and over-all controls are so tough that the men
A22 fm Washington feel the people have to be conditioned first for their acceptance, A confirmation of this attitude rests on the strong apeech Governor Dewey made the night before President Truman addressed the Nation on the need of declaring a state of emergency. The first reactions to the Dewey speech was that the New York Governor was beat- ing Truman to the punch and bolstering Republican political policy. It has come out since from a reliable source that Mr. Dewey cleared his talk with the White House before he delivered it and that the Presi- dent was pleased to have the Governor break the ice with a plea for the most stringent kind of a program. . While the general feeling among the pub- lic seems to be one of willing anticipation of a hard schedule, the fact remains that we have traditionally been slow to resign ourselves to any Kind of Government control except in time of actual warfare. ‘When or tf war is to come, no one at the present time can accurately foretell. We have been pushed into such a position, how- ever, that we must be fully and uncondi- tlonally prepared to meet any contingency. ‘We can be sure of some very definite facts. The dangers and threats which are being thrust upon the free nations come not from the local places where hostilities have erupt- ed. The core and center of the evil ts in Boviet Russia. Secondly, the Kremlin will not tip its hand to us as to ita future moves. I¢ will strike when and where it believes we are least prepared to offeet the onslaught. Finally—and this is a truth that even some seemingly intelligent leaders have not yet learned—there ta not the slightest pos- sibility of dotng business with the Soviet on any normal plane. The nature of com- munism gives indisputable proof of that assertion. We might as well make up our minds that dealing with the Reds as we ‘would other normal persons is @ delusion. ‘We must break relations with the Soviet regardless of the consequences. To he a bit more accurate, we should say Russia has long ago broken with the rest of the world and we must acknowledge the facts in the case. It means the Nation must go on a wartime program, not knowing when, where, or if the clash of arms on a global scale will occur. Nor has anyone the least idea how long the crisis will last. It may be a few years, 5, 10, 20. The only thing that can change the picture is a complete and about- face change in communism. We see no hope of that for a long time. We, as a nation, are to be tested in the years ahead as we have never been tried be- fore. It will take all that we have, every resource we possess—politically, socially, in- dustrially, spiritually-——to aurvive the trial. Individually we can sum up our role in one word—sacrifice. Our heritage of the past and the promises of the future depend on how well we measure up to that word. Defense Should Begin at Home EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. WINT SMITH OF KANSAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr. SMITH of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I want to commend two letters to the Members of this body for reading. Even in the center of these United States the people are deeply concerned over the mt foreign situation. One does not ve to read the metropolitan press of | our largest cities in order to find con- structive thinking. These two letters emphasize most strongly the feeling among the people— that defense like charity should begin at home: [From the Concordia (Kans.) Blade-Empire of December 21, 1950} Ina tux Man Baa To the Brapz: That America stands at the threshold of grave and momentous times every sane man and woman must admit. Ancient history tells us of Emperor Nero who fiddled while Rome burned. If Nero were alive today his fiddiing wouldn't hold & candle to the fiddling that is going on in Washington, D. C. The Pentagon fiddies while the whole world burns. If America doesn’t wake up and change her ways, we are headed for the paths taken by Babylon, Greece, and Rome. The fall of these empires was preceded by an era of wanton luxury and extravagance. These na- tions fondly imagined their wealth and power would last forever but history has proven their error. They realized this only after it was too late. And history has a habit of repeating itself. Let’s pull our boys out of Korea. Let’s bring them home to protect our own shores. We can’t play Santa Claus to the whole world. Let's keep our main Pacific bases and build en impregnable defense around America proper, We've spent so many billions on both Western Europe and Eastern Asia it makes us dizzy even to contemplate. And what do we get out of it? A kick in the pants, mostly. We get nations, countries, and peoples who are ready to bite the hand that feeds them. Look what America has done for China the past 100 years. Look what China 1s now doing for us. You can imagine what Western Europe ‘would do to us should the hordes of Russia and China, and, yes, India, come sweeping across the eastern plains to invade their countries. In this writer's opinion, they would tamely submit to these invaders rather than have their own countries made a vast pattlefield of blood and carnage. In a way you cannot blame them too much, for they went through World War IJ, and know what it means. Rather than have their own countries made this vast fleld of carnage, they would turn on America if we intervened and tried to help them. In spite of all we have done tor these countries, no people are hated by them more than Americans. There is another story of an ancient phi- losopher who out of the kindness of his heart, picked up a nearly frozen viper and placed {ft in his bosom. He warmed it back to life and the viper promptly stung him to death. America has taken many countries of Western Europe and several of Eastern Asia, to its maternal bosom and has warmed them back to life. Will we get the same reward as this ancient philosopher? Let's spend our billions for home defense. Let’s get out of Asia, for the sleeping giant has wakened and, armed to the teeth with Russian weapons, she can almost whip the world. Truly we are facing grave and perilous times. Let’s recognize this fact before it is everlastingly too late. ; co. D. W. Orrosss Fooutsm Fortran ComprrMents Philip Doyle, World War II veteran and successful farmer, viewing present world conditions, bolls over and takes his pencil in ‘hand to express himself in the following ecreed Decemses 11, 1960. Dear FParenns And Reapers: Several years have passed since last I wrote in this man~ APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ner, At thet time I was a GI, a member of that vast military organization recruited to stamp tyranny and oppression from all those parts of the earth, downtrodden by those three monsters, namely, Hitler, Tojo, and Mussolini, At that time we were told that if only we could but win the war we would go home and enjoy the fruits of peace and plenty, everyone would love the United States and all she stood for, and admire us for the sacrifices we had made for straightening out the oppressors and binding up the wounds of those who had suffered. Five years have passed since the cessation of World War It and where do we stand today? In eo few short words I think it can be summed up thus: The diplomatic, political, and military bunglers that nt the head of those departments have lost the peace obtained, at the price of the lives and blood of those youthful Americans who left home and country to wrestle with foreign oppression and bh sy. (In passing, lest we forget, let us remember those maimed and crippled veterans who inhabit the hos- pitale and sanitariums of our Nation today who are in a state of living death.) I ask you, When we view the state of the Nation and the world as a whole, can there be an alternative except the dismal knowledge that it was only all in vain? Where can a good American citizen stand and point with pride to any one shining example of success in the foreign policy of our Government agencies. We, the Nation, stand on the brink of inflation and bank- ruptcy. Our so-called allies, while grasping all the money, supplies, and munitions they can euchre out of our dim-witted diplomatic representatives will not eagerly volunteer their own aid when we ourselves are involved in a national catastrophe, as our ill-advised fiasco in Korea has been. In other words, they insist on dragging their feet on any project that obviously cannot be maneu- vered into filling their own pockets with good, hard, United States money. Where have our statesmen and our old- style, hardheaded diplomats disappeared to? Now, at the hour when we as & Nation, are at the cross roads where, oh, where, are the men upon whom the people can look for deliverance from the futile and insane poli- cies of those in high places today. Where is to be found individuals of the caliber similar to those of the Washingtons, the Lincolne, the Ben Franklins, and their like who lived in the days when this wonder- ful country was launched. Stock from solid, freedom-loving people who came to this wilderness to start a land of their own, where taxation, tyranny, and socialism were not to be the yoke of the coming generations. I ask you, dear reader, how ’o you like the outlook for your children? Washington ut- tered words of prophecy when he said: “We must, as a Nation, steer clear of for eign entanglements and alliances, or as 2 free Nation we will cease to exist.” We, as a Na- tion in the psst 33 years, have ceased to ré- gard this advice, and I believe most of our present-day troubles can be placed on the doorsteps of these entanglements and alli- ances, International politics, if continued at the present rate, will cause the downfall of our democratic way of life. In my opinion, the Government agencies are so infested with the termites of commu- nism that we are being sold down the river to our enemies. Inflation and bankruptcy are two weapons they will use to advantage, The American standard of living will fall, Gissatisfaction and disbelief in our leaders will result, and then, brother, life as we have known will be on the toboggan slide to dis- solution and despair. “ Why do we weaken ourselves Wy pouring our blood in the form of young men, munt- tions, food, machinery, and money into the dead corpse of Europe, wherein there is not the will to live in any democratic wey of
‘ APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD life? The history of Europe has always been one of wars waged by one country or group of countries upon the other. Their jeal- ousies are paramount. In our effort to aid each one of them our efforts have, to a 1 part, been penalized because all of them were afraid they would not get a lion's share of the feast. They sit like vultures waiting to pounce upon any scrap we might throw them, Our foreign policy, as I see it, since the early forties was but one giant jackpot give-away program. Soon our resources and national wealth will be stripped away from us. Where will we turn and what nation will come to our rescue? I prophesy our plenty-loving friends across the seas will desert us like rate from a sinking ship, Friendship, among nations as among indi- viduals, cannot be bought by money or gifts of any kind. Friendship is given, not bought. If friendship is not to be given voluntarily, all the financial bribery in the world will not make one iota of difference. When the chips are down the fair-weather friends will fade away. I fear that in case of a Russian war and things were to start looking bad for us Great Britain, France, Italy, and all those others would desert us like rats from a sinking ship. The Korean deal should be a good example of that. Whose armies have been doing the lion’s share of the fighting and dying in that trap? Another of the examples of how much a far cry our diplomats are from the hard-headed horse-trading Yankee statesmen of our past glorious history. When those admirable individuals made a deal they got their money's worth. In spite of our Marshall plan aid on all the other prodigious amounts of philanthrophy be- stowed upon our allies it would seem there were no binding clauses which required their unlimited cooperation when we ourselves are in @ Jam. Perhaps, we would not be in that jam if the original plans of our fathers still existed. Their idea for government consisted of the Constitution, to be carried out by three branches of government, legislative, execu- tive, and judicial. According to that this war would not be declared or peace made without express act of Congress. I have yet to find anywhere any proof where the present debacle has been the result of being a war declared by Congress. Perhaps that ancient body has been replaced by the President, United Nations, and MacArthur. It seems strange that our executive branch should be manned by the type of individual who would seem to become much more enraged by a slighting remark made by a critic concerning the quality of his daugh- ter’s singihg, than he does about the facts of the barbarous butchery and torture of our American troops in a foreign theater, by the Chinese Reds. Am I right? Perhaps many of the troubles of our times are a direct result of our (the United States public) tending to be lax in supervising the activities of our lawmakers and executives. If we, each and everyone of us, would trouble ourselves to find how our public servants served us in Washington and took them to task by letter or telegram whenever we doubted their decisions they might be slower to be careless with their public trust. If we as & Nation pass out of existence it will be, in my estimation due largely to three causes: first the involvement by the United States in foreign alliances and the subse- quen. wasting away of our economy in all the give-away foreign relief it entatled; second, the refusal of the people of the United States to hold their own executive, legislative, and judicial branches of Govern- ment under constant accountability for their actions plvs the fact that we as a Nation fail to concern themselves in the problems confronting their Congressmen; third, the tending of our Government to lean toward and favor socialism or at best a “pink capital- ism” if one wishes to be kind. Wake up America. “It's later than you think.” Almost as an afterthought let me say that the two most dangerous aspects in our futile foreign-aid programs are: 1. That perhaps a lot of the aid has gone into the hands and Pockets of unscrupulous politicians and or- ganizations in those countries instead of the common people who needed the help and for whom the aid was really intended. 2. The fact that we are building up those areas and that Russia is only waiting for us to fatten up said countries, then come in and take them over to be used in a war against us. With the international situation in those countries as they are, I wonder if that is an impossibility? I wonder sometimes if it would not have been far better to have cut ourselves off from those decadent countries and made a new world for ourselves here at home. If we had taken a fraction of that money and spent it on our next-door neighbors in Canada and our South American neighbors on the south, they might be forever our friends. At the present rate we will soon be a manufactur- ing, raw-materlal-importing Nation. We could manufacture, and they could furnish us raw materials. They would buy our automobiles, refrigerators, tractors, and such like mad. What better set-up could a na- tion want? It seems odd that we should support those European nations that are in direct competition to us. I maintain that those countries that today depend upon us for charity are for the most part waiting on the day when we can no longer be the No. 1 nation of them all, and they themselves can assume that status. Woe be to us then. We would be shocked at the provisions thrust upon us then. O. K. United States of America, where do we go from here? Remember, wherever we go from here that the blame or glory, whichever it may be, will rest upon your shoulders. Politicians, diplomats, and agen- cies of one kind or another are calling the shots and standing in the limelight, but re- member you, John Q. Citizen, are the guy who pays and pays and pays. We have had the New Deal and the Fair Deal—are we ever going to get the Square Deal? Our only chance of survival is for our citizens to plant their feet in United States soil and refuse to budge or be bullied into making any more foolish foreign com- mitments. We are being stripped of our wealth and material as the sharper at the fair strips the simple country boy. Sincerely, Pur J. Doris. Lost Horizons—From Gettysburg to Korea EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. THOMAS A. JENKINS OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr, JENKINS. Mr, Speaker, Mrs. E. Wyatt Payne of Huntington, W. Va., has for years taken a lively interest in many important public questions. Recently she wrote an article on the subject of Lost MHorizons—From Gettysburg to Korea. I am asking the privilege of having this article printed in the Rxcorp. The article is as follows: Lost Hormwons From Grrrrspurc To Korra Less than one score years ago Franklin Roosevelt brought forth on this continent a false concept of liberty, borrowed from Karl Marx, and dedicated to the proposition that by violating every American principle and A23 tradition—at home and abroad—we could prove that all men are created equal and destined to live in lelsure in a welfare world. Those experiments, continued by Mr. Tru- man, have wrecked our security, economy, and peace at home and our friendships abroad; because of them we engage in many wars proving that this Nation, or any other nation so dedicated, cannot long endure. Because we forgot “The rock from whence we are hewn” we are met on battlefields all over the earth to dedicate them to our sons who fought so valiantly and hopelessly in ideal- istic wars they could not win; it is not al- together fitting nor proper that they should have done this. In a realistic sense we cannot condone the maladministration and misguided idealists who allowed these planned attacks on our free institutions to warp, change and un- dermine the very foundations of this Re- public and remake it in their own image. The little men, both living and dead, who through gullibility or design, executed this advance into utopia have wrecked the ship of state far beyond our poor powers to add or detract as long as they are in office. The world now little notes the miracle of freedom our forefathers wrought here, but it will long remember, because of needless blood, sweat, and tears, what the combined forces of evil under false leadership, did here. The prophets of doom who now predict we must live always in war and confusion belie the premise of repentance for wrong-dotng and are only trying desperately to cover up their sins against this Nation. We can stop the desecration of the fatth of our fathers and survive. Therefore, it is for the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us to reinstate the fundamental American principles which brought the greatest good to the greatest number, and that from this terrible debacle in Korea we take increased devotion to those Christian precepts and concepts which made and kept us a Nation. Wherever we are in- volved and whatever the sacrifice, it will be in vain unless we reach these objectives, as we strive once again to rebuild a strong de- fense for one God, one flag, and one country, lest this Nation, as the symbol and demon- stration of liberty for people everywhere, perish from the earth. Let us resolve now tobe practical Christians and meke our calling and election sure. Let us resolve to work, pray, and vote for men and women who still believe that the Bible, the Constitution, Ray's arfthmetic, and the McGuffey readers made a great and good country, whose people were God-fearing, independent, free-enterprising Americans. Old fashioned? Yes. So are the Ten Commandments. Fish Values EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. JOHN R. MURDOCK OF ARIZONA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Speaker, mem- bers of the Public Lands Committee are interested in the preservation and prop- agation of fish and wildlife and every wise move to bring about that conserva- tion. It has been called to my attention that the National Park Service has re- cently taken steps to control fishing in the Everglades National Park in the State of Florida. An editorial in the Miami Herald for Thursday, November 16 last, rather fully explains this conservation
‘effort and why it was necessary. Under Jeave to print, I extend herewith the editorial as follows: Yeaarne Catan To Conseavs Fis Values It is commonly known ‘among sports fish- ermen, commercial fishermen, and resort op- erators along the Florida Keys and nearby areas that the use of heavy drag seines has reduced the fish population of fertile Florida Bay in Monroe County. A loophole in the State law which defines legal nets and seinen permits any siae to be used in the taking of mullet. State conservation officers who have ap- prehended fishermen with huge nets have, time after time, failed to make a case be- cause the fishermen claimed that they were taking mullet. Large, amall—mesh nets collect any fish that happens to be in the area—big, little sports fish, commercial fish, and everything else. This has resulted in a waste of fish—a waste that all who know the waters freely admit bas been a destroy- ing effect. Long before Everglades National Park was created, the National Park Service in con- sultation with commercial and sports fisher- men decided that commercial fishing would be allowed to continue in the proposed park on what might he termed a “sustained yield” basis, Just as in the national forests where tim~- ber is cut as @ scientifically controlled crop, the fish would be taken from the waters of the park in such a way as to allow seed stock to remain and perpetuate forever this important commercial and recreational re- source, Later, when the Legislature of Fioride was holding hearings on the proposed park, the Secretary of the Interior reiterated this pro- ins telegram to Representative Burnie C. Papy at Key West. Before World War II, commercial fisher- men in Florida Bay made their living with gill nets. These nets had a relatively large mesh which permitted small fishes to go through. The nets were “set” by a few men and hauled usually by band. They did not drag and disrupt the fertile bottom of the bay. The commercial fishermen made a good living and the sports fishermen had plenty of excellent catches. . hen someone decided if they could em- ploy a very large net or seine dragged by & power boat, they could increase the yleld of fish. They did, and others followed, tak- ing literally millions of pounds of fish from the waters. Boon the resident fisherman with his gill nets could not catch enough in the nearly clean-swept waters to make a decent living. Jt ig small wonder that he, too, if he could afford it, turned to the drag seines. While the majority of commercial fisher- men opposed the drag seines and wanted to return to gill nets, they were unwilling to do so as long as othere were employing these big nets and reducing the avaliable take for the others. “We'll quit if everybody else does,” they said. Nobody could give them assurance that the others would quit, too. When Florida Bay was added to Everglades National Park last February, National Park Service officials went the rounds of the sports- men clubs, commercial fishing houses, talked with law enforcement and judicial officials and discussed the merits of outlawing the drag seines. They were met with an eagerness they had not expected to find. The proposed regula- tions were drawn up and many of the “bugs” ‘were worked out. Now the Secretaty of the Interior has pub- Hshed the fishing ragula- eppoin apecial public hearing on them at park beadquar- tiny Homestead beginning at 10 a. m. ay. One of the State's foremost economic re- sources, commercially and as @ sports and recreation attraction, is at stake. The impor- tance of the hearing merits the attendance of all who are interested. Bitter Results of Recent United States Decisions Mast Be Faced Without Fear or Retreat EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. LOUIS B. HELLER OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January 4, 1951 Mr, HELLER. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my remarks in the Rec- ord, I include the following article by Robert M. Grannis in the Bagie of December 8, 1650: One Maw Says (By Robert M. Grannis) BITTER RESULTS OF RECENT UNITED STATES BECKSIONE MUST BE FACED WITHOUT FEAR OR SErRear Decent people have a habit of making pre- eipitate decisions based on anger of the mo- ment and then, after t tful considera- tion, they water them down to eliminate any suggestion of ruthlessnese—not to mention a will to preserve the status quo in their dally lives. The spirit of decent compromise is deep in our natures. We are decent people, no matter what the Malixs, the Vishinskys, the General Wus, or the Datly Workera may say about us. We don't like to see people killed needtessly, whether it is a Long Island railroad wreck ora war. We believe that the individual is important and that the state {s subject to the will of the people. We believe that we possess most of the ingredients for an orderly world and ac- knowledge that there are certain imperfec- tions in the American system that must be worked out through the years by trial and error. Our job ts far from finished Our spiritual conscience is strong and is a safe barometer to remind us that the job we started more than 170 years ago is far from finished. Our spiritual understanding of other people led us to reject isolationism and accept the fact that we have no monop- oly on the right of free choice. To wall our- selves in and hide from the sufferings of others who lack our strength and resources has been recognized as uncharitable and as a device that same day might leave us stand- ing alone against a conquered world. Now, I believe we have reached as point where the bitter consequences of some of our recent decisions as a nation must be faced without fear, without retreat, and with- out self-flagellation because our first reaction might be one of horror due to discovery of the strength of our determination, What we do in the next few months could be the turning point in history and involve the choice between a slave world and a free ‘world, Some of our allies already are wav- ering. Prime Minister Attlee is expected to ask a settlement with Red China at any cost. Mention of the atom bomb has caused others to raise their haride in horror, Kremlin sneers ot human understanding ‘We have got to realine we are dealing with people who have no conscience, no respect for the spiritual side of life, and no wish to compromise except on thelr own terms. The master pian has beén written and the peo- APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ple who have been selected to implement. ft are as small and unimportant in the eyes of the authors as the slaves were tolled end died to erect temples to graven images and false gods centuries 2g0. Our human understanding is sneered at and rejected by the lords of the Kremlin and their puppets. The truth about Korea, the truth about the world’s troubles is not in any Red portfollo carried into the halls of UN. There is one underlying thought and one underlying motive: conquest by infiltra- tion and conquest by force. The simple church, humble people kneeling at prayer, children dropping pennies into boxes to feed the hungry, are factors that stand in the path of the monstrous acheme directed by Moscow, General MacArthur seys that if we lose in Korea we will have to fight it out in Europe and probably lose there. He understands the nature of the Communist threat and the lengths to which its agents will go. Malik’s views are those of a savage Buried deep in the text of a UN address by Jacob Malik, the Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister, there is a quote that probably escaped the attention of millions. I repeat 4t here as the words of a savage to whom all religion is repugnant. “We all know,” said Malik, ‘that mission- aries have always been a weapon of aggres~ sion and that they have served to promote the conquests of the ruling circles and to enslave peoples who were a source of income. Missionaries have alwaye been followed by traders and soldiers.” When the word of God is ruled out of our lives it is no time for appeasement. When an altar cannot be raised among men without fear of death or imprisonment the strong must seek the cure or face death slowly with frightened faces. Beaming our prayers to Moscow is not the answer. We must let them see the strength of our cold steel and understand that decent people are as resolute as the savage fabrica- tors of a gangeter plot against all humanity. Air and Sea Power Our Hope in World Crisis EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. PAUL W. SHAFER OF MICHIGAN . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, January ¢, 1951 Mr, SHAFER. Mr. Speaker, at vari- ous times, since the start of hostilities in Korea, I have presented some of my own ideas, concerning the course this Nation should take, in meeting the world-wide emergency, brought about by Russian imperialistic expansionism. I have recognized, as surely as you have recognised, in this emergency, the most terrible threat to our national ex- istence ever encountered, since the founding of the Republic. All of us have come to realize, I think, even as Lenin and Stalin earlier realized, that in no real sense are we living in one world, as the internationalists would have it, We know that we are living on a globe that is divided into two worlds. One is the free world of democratic republican- ism; the other, the slave world of social- istic communism, We understand now, that they cannot long continue to exist, side by side.