IV 
111TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 1019 
Recognizing the fifth anniversary of the signing of the Comprehensive Peace 
Agreement between the Government of the Republic of the Sudan and 
the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army and calling for urgent 
and aggressive actions to establish peace in all regions of Sudan. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 20, 2010 
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey (for himself, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, and Mr. WOLF) 
submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Recognizing the fifth anniversary of the signing of the Com-
prehensive Peace Agreement between the Government 
of the Republic of the Sudan and the Sudan People’s 
Liberation Movement/Army and calling for urgent and 
aggressive actions to establish peace in all regions of 
Sudan. 
Whereas, on January 9, 2005, the Government of the Repub-
lic of the Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation 
Movement/Army (SPLM/A) signed the Comprehensive 
Peace Agreement (CPA) for Sudan in Nairobi, Kenya; 
Whereas the CPA ostensibly ended a war between the govern-
ment in the north and former rebels in the south of 
Sudan that lasted over 20 years and resulted in the 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6300
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
deaths of over 2,000,000 people and the displacement of 
over 4,000,000 people; 
Whereas the CPA acknowledges that the Sudan war was the 
longest running conflict in Africa and ‘‘caused tragic loss 
of life, destroyed the country’s infrastructure, eroded its 
economic resources and caused suffering to the Sudanese 
people’’; 
Whereas the CPA recognizes the ‘‘urgent need to bring peace 
and security to the people of the Sudan who have en-
dured this conflict for far too long’’; 
Whereas the CPA states the commitment of the parties to a 
negotiated settlement on the basis of a democratic system 
of governance which, on the one hand, recognizes the 
right of the people of Southern Sudan to self-determina-
tion, while at the same time ‘‘is founded on the values 
of justice, democracy, good governance, respect for fun-
damental rights and freedoms of the individual, mutual 
understanding and tolerance of diversity within the reali-
ties of the Sudan’’; 
Whereas the CPA sets forth important political and security 
arrangements, including the establishment of an interim 
government of national unity and an autonomous Govern-
ment of Southern Sudan, wealth sharing between the 
north and the south, legal protections for non-Muslims 
living in the Capital, demarcation of the north-south 
boundary, a permanent ceasefire, redeployment of forces 
and establishment of Joint Integrated Units, a national 
census and national elections, and a 2011 referendum on 
possible secession for Southern Sudan; 
Whereas the United States played a key role in the negotia-
tion of the CPA, was one of the four observer countries, 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6300
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
together with Italy, Norway, and the United Kingdom, to 
witness the signing of the CPA, and is represented on the 
Assessment and Evaluation Commission established to 
monitor the implementation of the CPA; 
Whereas a major factor in the successful negotiation of the 
CPA was the coordinated and aggressive effort by the 
international community, led by the United States, to 
urge the parties to reach a peace agreement; 
Whereas the United States continues to lead diplomatic ef-
forts bilaterally and multilaterally to help bring about a 
truly comprehensive and lasting peace in Sudan and has 
provided nearly $9,000,000,000 in humanitarian, devel-
opment, and peacekeeping assistance toward this end 
since 2004; 
Whereas not all the parties to the conflict in Sudan were a 
party to the CPA; 
Whereas in 2003, even as the CPA was being negotiated, the 
Sudanese regime unleashed a genocidal campaign in the 
Darfur region of Sudan, in which over 300,000 Darfuris 
have died and nearly 3,000,000 have been displaced; 
Whereas the National Congress Party (NCP), formerly the 
National Islamic Front (NIF), which controls the govern-
ment in Khartoum, has announced its intention to forc-
ibly return or relocate the internally displaced persons in 
Darfur, thereby threatening to deny them access to hu-
manitarian assistance; 
Whereas the conflicts in Darfur and southern Sudan are in-
extricably linked, and if the CPA fails there can be little 
hope for peace in Darfur; 
Whereas numerous key aspects of the CPA have not been im-
plemented in the timeframe specified, with elections 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6300
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
scheduled for April 2010 and the referendum on inde-
pendence for southern Sudan scheduled for January 
2011; 
Whereas the NCP, to date, has blocked passage of legal re-
forms that are necessary to ensure free and fair elections, 
including safeguards to prevent the arrest and detention 
of members of the political opposition; 
Whereas while expectations for peace dividends in the south 
are high, the Government of Southern Sudan faces the 
greatest post-conflict reconstruction challenges in modern 
times, including basic infrastructure, executive leadership, 
financial, natural and human resources management, and 
equitable social service access; 
Whereas it is reported that over 2,000 Sudanese were killed 
and 250,000 were displaced in southern Sudan due to 
intercommunal violence in 2009, thus threatening peace 
within southern Sudan; 
Whereas a coalition of aid agencies working in southern 
Sudan issued a briefing paper on January 7, 2010, stat-
ing that the CPA is ‘‘extremely fragile and violence is 
again increasing. The humanitarian situation, already 
one of the worst in the world, is deteriorating; and in the 
eyes of most ordinary southerners, meaningful post-war 
development has been absent’’, adding that the next 12 
months are crucial, and that ‘‘with concerted and imme-
diate action, the parties to the CPA and the international 
community can, and must, prevent a return to a dev-
astating conflict.’’; 
Whereas a return to war in Sudan would likely spread vio-
lence into Chad, the Central African Republic, the Demo-
cratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, and beyond, there-
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
03:41 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6300
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
by raising extreme concern of a regional conflagration; 
and 
Whereas the international community has a short and criti-
cally important time period in which to pressure the par-
ties to the CPA, and particularly the Bashir regime, to 
uphold their commitments under the CPA and more im-
portantly, to avert another war in Sudan and establish 
the foundations for a lasting and stable peace throughout 
the country: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) recognizes the fifth anniversary of the sign-
ing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) 
between the Government of the Republic of the 
Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Move-
ment/Army on January 9, 2005; 
(2) calls on both parties to implement imme-
diately their respective obligations under the CPA, 
in accordance with the terms and timeline estab-
lished therein; 
(3) urges the United States to establish and ad-
here to specified measures to be taken against the 
respective parties if and when they fail to implement 
the CPA in accordance with the terms and timeline 
established therein, and to implement a more robust 
set of multilateral measures against those individ-
uals who act as obstructionists to peace, including 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
those who continue to sell arms to belligerents in 
Sudan; 
(4) urges the President of the United States 
and the Secretary of State to intervene at the high-
est levels within the international community, both 
multilaterally and bilaterally with key governments 
including China, India, and certain members of the 
Arab League, to reinvigorate international support 
and pressure on all parties for the establishment of 
a durable peace in Sudan; 
(5) urges the United States to reinvigorate the 
international commitment to achieving peace in 
Sudan that contributed to the signing of the CPA by 
engaging relevant parties at all levels on an urgent 
basis through political and diplomatic means; 
(6) urges the United States to pursue a broad-
er, carefully calibrated engagement within Sudan to 
include key players who were not parties to the 
CPA; 
(7) urges the United States to actively encour-
age greater international support for capacity-build-
ing in southern Sudan, with appropriate measures to 
ensure accountability and transparency; 
(8) urges the United States to insist that the 
National Congress Party (NCP) guarantee secure 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS
•HRES 1019 IH 
humanitarian access to all areas of Darfur and to 
ensure the ability of humanitarian organizations to 
publicize their assessments without reprisals; 
(9) urges the United States to impress upon the 
NCP that internally displaced persons in Darfur are 
not to be forcibly returned to their villages or relo-
cated; 
(10) urges the United States to ensure that all 
peace processes within Sudan respect the rights and 
dignity of all Sudanese, including those in northern 
Sudan, eastern Sudan, southern Kordofan, Abyei, 
and Blue Nile regions; 
(11) recognizes the critical role of religious 
communities in providing peace education and facili-
tating reconciliation at all levels of Sudanese society, 
as well as the important contribution of faith-based 
organizations in the provision of humanitarian as-
sistance throughout Sudan; and 
(12) urges all parties in Sudan to cease all hos-
tile activities and to fully commit to establishing a 
durable peace throughout the country. 
Æ 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
02:48 Jan 21, 2010
Jkt 089200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\HR1019.IH
HR1019
jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with BILLS