I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 160 
To ensure election integrity and security and enhance Americans’ access 
to the ballot box by establishing consistent standards and procedures 
for voter registration and voting in elections for Federal office, and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 3, 2025 
Mr. FITZPATRICK introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on House Administration, and in addition to the Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently deter-
mined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 
as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To ensure election integrity and security and enhance Ameri-
cans’ access to the ballot box by establishing consistent 
standards and procedures for voter registration and vot-
ing in elections for Federal office, and for other pur-
poses. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Restoring Faith in Elections Act’’. 
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(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
TITLE I—FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS 
Sec. 101. Short title. 
Sec. 102. Federal standards for mail-in ballots. 
Sec. 103. Federal standards for reporting election results. 
TITLE II—AUTOMATIC VOTER REGISTRATION 
Sec. 201. Short title; findings and purpose. 
Sec. 202. Automatic registration of eligible individuals. 
Sec. 203. Contributing agency assistance in registration. 
Sec. 204. One-time contributing agency assistance in registration of eligible vot-
ers in existing records. 
Sec. 205. Voter protection and security in automatic registration. 
Sec. 206. Registration portability and correction. 
Sec. 207. Payments and grants. 
Sec. 208. Treatment of exempt States. 
Sec. 209. Miscellaneous provisions. 
Sec. 210. Definitions. 
Sec. 211. Effective date. 
TITLE III—PROMOTING STANDARDIZED ADMINISTRATION OF 
ELECTIONS 
Sec. 301. Requiring parity in treatment of methods of voting. 
Sec. 302. Requiring standard election administration procedures in all jurisdic-
tions in State. 
TITLE IV—PROMOTING ACCURACY OF VOTER REGISTRATION 
LISTS 
Sec. 401. Establishment of National Deconfliction Voting Database and Clear-
inghouse. 
Sec. 402. Pre-election maintenance and certification of official voter registra-
tion list. 
Sec. 403. Requiring applicants for motor vehicle driver’s licenses in new State 
to indicate whether State serves as residence for voter registra-
tion purposes. 
TITLE I—FEDERAL STANDARDS 
FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS 
SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Verifiable, Orderly, 
and Timely Election Results Act’’. 
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SEC. 102. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20901 et seq.), as amended 
by section 2(a) of the COCOA Act of 2024, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating sections 305 and 306 as 
sections 306 and 307, respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after section 304 the following 
new section: 
‘‘SEC. 305. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR MAIL-IN BALLOTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—When otherwise permitted by 
State law, any vote-by-mail system used in an election for 
Federal office must be designed and implemented to en-
sure a secure, uniform, and timely system to cast a mail- 
in ballot in accordance with this section. 
‘‘(b) REQUESTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Requests for a mail-in bal-
lot under such system may be submitted electroni-
cally or by postal mail using a standardized form ap-
proved for such requests by the chief State election 
official. 
‘‘(2) REQUEST.—The form for such requests 
must enable an election official who receives the re-
quest to confirm— 
‘‘(A) the identity of the individual submit-
ting the request; 
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‘‘(B) that the individual is validly reg-
istered to vote in the jurisdiction where the re-
quest is submitted; and 
‘‘(C) that the individual continues to reside 
at the physical address where the individual is 
registered to vote (if different than the mailing 
address where the ballot is requested to be 
sent). 
‘‘(3) DEADLINE
FOR
SUBMISSION.—Such re-
quest must be submitted by an individual and re-
ceived by the office of the State or local election su-
pervisor not later than 21 days before the date of 
the election for Federal office. 
‘‘(4) MAILING OF BALLOTS.—Upon receipt of 
such a request, the State or local election supervisor 
shall fulfill the request by mailing a mail-in ballot to 
the individual within 3 days. 
‘‘(c) REQUIREMENTS FOR STATE OR LOCAL ELEC-
TION OFFICIALS.—The office of the State or local election 
supervisor shall— 
‘‘(1) record the total number of mail-in ballots 
sent to voters pursuant to this section; and 
‘‘(2) include a notation on the voter rolls main-
tained by the office and provided to the individual 
polling locations, which identifies that a voter has 
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received a mail-in ballot and the date that mail-in 
ballot was sent to the voter. 
‘‘(d) BALLOT REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—To be considered validly 
cast and eligible to be counted in an election for 
Federal office, a mail-in ballot must— 
‘‘(A) be marked using blue or black ink, 
and properly designate the individual’s vote for 
each candidate; 
‘‘(B) be signed by the individual using the 
same signature the individual used to register 
to vote; 
‘‘(C) be dated; 
‘‘(D) be received by the appropriate elec-
tion official no later than the time polls close on 
the date of the election; and 
‘‘(E) include an attestation, signed by the 
individual, that the individual submitting the 
mail-in ballot is— 
‘‘(i) the individual to whom the ballot 
was mailed; 
‘‘(ii) registered to vote in the jurisdic-
tion where the ballot is being submitted; 
and 
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‘‘(iii) submitting the mail-in ballot in 
lieu of casting a ballot in-person, and will 
not attempt to cast a ballot in-person after 
submitting the mail-in ballot. 
‘‘(2) RETURN OF BALLOTS IN-PERSON.—An in-
dividual may choose to return a mail-in ballot in-per-
son to the polling place where the individual is reg-
istered to vote in lieu of returning the ballot by mail. 
‘‘(e) OPTION TO VOTE IN-PERSON.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—An individual who receives 
a mail-in ballot with respect to an election for Fed-
eral office may instead vote in-person in such elec-
tion if the individual turns in the blank or incom-
plete mail-in ballot received by the individual to the 
polling location where the individual plans to vote in- 
person. 
‘‘(2) PROVISIONAL BALLOT.—If the individual 
attempts to vote in-person but does not bring their 
blank or incomplete mail-in ballot to the polling loca-
tion, the individual shall be directed to complete a 
provisional ballot. 
‘‘(f) PERSONS PERMITTED TO POSSESS MAIL-IN 
BALLOTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—It shall be unlawful for any 
person to possess or return a mail-in ballot com-
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pleted by another person, except as provided in this 
subsection. 
‘‘(2) IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBER.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A person may possess 
or return a mail-in ballot completed by an im-
mediate family member, provided that the per-
son does not possess more than two such com-
pleted mail-in ballots other than his or her own. 
‘‘(B) DEFINITION OF IMMEDIATE FAMILY 
MEMBER.—In this paragraph, the term ‘imme-
diate family member’ means the spouse, child, 
parent, grandparent, or sibling of the person. 
‘‘(3) CAREGIVER.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A caregiver may pos-
sess or return a mail-in ballot completed by a 
person under the supervision or care of the 
caregiver, provided that the caregiver does not 
possess more than two such completed mail-in 
ballots other than his or her own. 
‘‘(B) DEFINITION OF CAREGIVER.—In this 
paragraph, the term ‘caregiver’ means an indi-
vidual who has the responsibility for the care of 
an older individual, either voluntarily, by con-
tract, by receipt of payment for care, or as a re-
sult of the operation of law and means an indi-
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vidual who provides (on behalf of such indi-
vidual or of a public or private agency, organi-
zation, or institution) compensated or uncom-
pensated care to an older individual. 
‘‘(4) INCIDENTAL
POSSESSION
EXCEPTED.— 
The prohibition under paragraph (1) shall not apply 
to the incidental possession of mail-in ballots by a 
postal worker or election official acting within the 
scope of his or her official capacity. 
‘‘(5) PENALTY.—Any person who violates this 
subsection shall be fined under title 18, United 
States Code, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or 
both. 
‘‘(g) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall apply 
with respect to elections for Federal office held after the 
date of the enactment of this section.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT RELATING TO EN-
FORCEMENT.—Section 401 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21111), as amended by section 2(b) of the COCOA Act 
of 2024, is amended by striking ‘‘and 304’’ and inserting 
‘‘304, and 305’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
of such Act, as amended by section 2(c) of the COCOA 
Act of 2024, is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating the items relating to sec-
tions 305 and 306 as relating to sections 306 and 
307; and 
(2) by inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 304 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 305. Federal standards for mail-in ballots.’’. 
SEC. 103. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR REPORTING ELEC-
TION RESULTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20901 et seq.), as amended 
by section 102(a), is amended— 
(1) by redesignating sections 306 and 307 as 
sections 307 and 308, respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after section 305 the following 
new section: 
‘‘SEC. 306. FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR REPORTING ELEC-
TION RESULTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The chief State election official 
shall ensure that ballots validly cast in an election for Fed-
eral office are able to be counted and reported in a timely 
manner as follows: 
‘‘(1) Mail-in ballots received prior to the date of 
the election shall be counted beginning at least one 
week prior to the date of the election. 
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‘‘(2) One hour after polls close on the date of 
the election, each voting precinct shall report to the 
chief State election official the following: 
‘‘(A) The total number of mail-in ballots 
received by the voting precinct. 
‘‘(B) The total number of ballots cast in- 
person in the voting precinct. 
‘‘(C) Of the ballots reported under sub-
paragraphs (A) and (B), the number of such 
ballots that have been counted and the number 
of such ballots that remain to be counted. 
‘‘(3) All ballots validly cast in an election for 
Federal office shall be counted and reported within 
24 hours after the conclusion of voting on the date 
of the election. 
‘‘(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall apply 
with respect to elections for Federal office held after the 
date of the enactment of this section.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT RELATING TO EN-
FORCEMENT.—Section 401 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21111), as amended by section 102(b), is amended by 
striking ‘‘and 305’’ and inserting ‘‘305, and 306’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
of such Act, as amended by section 102(c), is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating the items relating to sec-
tions 306 and 307 as relating to sections 307 and 
308; and 
(2) by inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 305 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 306. Federal standards for reporting election results.’’. 
TITLE II—AUTOMATIC VOTER 
REGISTRATION 
SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE; FINDINGS AND PURPOSE. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the 
‘‘Automatic Voter Registration Act of 2025’’. 
(b) FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.— 
(1) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(A) the right to vote is a fundamental 
right of citizens of the United States; 
(B) it is the responsibility of the State and 
Federal Governments to ensure that every eligi-
ble citizen is registered to vote; 
(C) existing voter registration systems can 
be inaccurate, costly, inaccessible and con-
fusing, with damaging effects on voter partici-
pation in elections and disproportionate impacts 
on young people, persons with disabilities, and 
racial and ethnic minorities; and 
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(D) voter registration systems must be up-
dated with 21st-century technologies and proce-
dures to maintain their security. 
(2) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this title— 
(A) to establish that it is the responsibility 
of government at every level to ensure that all 
eligible citizens are registered to vote; 
(B) to enable the State and Federal Gov-
ernments to register all eligible citizens to vote 
with accurate, cost-efficient, and up-to-date pro-
cedures; 
(C) to modernize voter registration and list 
maintenance procedures with electronic and 
internet capabilities; and 
(D) to protect and enhance the integrity, 
accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of the 
electoral process for all eligible citizens. 
SEC. 202. AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF ELIGIBLE INDI-
VIDUALS. 
(a) REQUIRING STATES TO ESTABLISH AND OPER-
ATE AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION SYSTEM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The chief State election offi-
cial of each State shall establish and operate a sys-
tem of automatic registration for the registration of 
eligible individuals to vote for elections for Federal 
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office in the State, in accordance with the provisions 
of this title. 
(2) DEFINITION.—The term ‘‘automatic reg-
istration’’ means a system that registers an indi-
vidual to vote in elections for Federal office in a 
State, if eligible, by electronically transferring the 
information necessary for registration from govern-
ment agencies to election officials of the State so 
that, unless the individual affirmatively declines to 
be registered, the individual will be registered to vote 
in such elections. 
(b) REGISTRATION
OF VOTERS BASED
ON NEW 
AGENCY RECORDS.—The chief State election official 
shall— 
(1) not later than 15 days after a contributing 
agency has transmitted information with respect to 
an individual pursuant to section 203, ensure that 
the individual is registered to vote in elections for 
Federal office in the State if the individual is eligible 
to be registered to vote in such elections; and 
(2) send written notice to the individual, in ad-
dition to other means of notice established by this 
part, of the individual’s voter registration status. 
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(c) ONE-TIME REGISTRATION OF VOTERS BASED ON 
EXISTING CONTRIBUTING AGENCY RECORDS.—The chief 
State election official shall— 
(1) identify all individuals whose information is 
transmitted by a contributing agency pursuant to 
section 204 and who are eligible to be, but are not 
currently, registered to vote in that State; 
(2) promptly send each such individual written 
notice, in addition to other means of notice estab-
lished by this title, which shall not identify the con-
tributing agency that transmitted the information 
but shall include— 
(A) an explanation that voter registration 
is voluntary, but if the individual does not de-
cline registration, the individual will be reg-
istered to vote; 
(B) a statement offering the opportunity to 
decline voter registration through means con-
sistent with the requirements of this title; 
(C) in the case of a State in which affili-
ation or enrollment with a political party is re-
quired in order to participate in an election to 
select the party’s candidate in an election for 
Federal office, a statement offering the indi-
vidual the opportunity to affiliate or enroll with 
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a political party or to decline to affiliate or en-
roll with a political party, through means con-
sistent with the requirements of this title; 
(D) the substantive qualifications of an 
elector in the State as listed in the mail voter 
registration application form for elections for 
Federal office prescribed pursuant to section 9 
of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, 
the consequences of false registration, and a 
statement that the individual should decline to 
register if the individual does not meet all those 
qualifications; 
(E) instructions for correcting any erro-
neous information; and 
(F) instructions for providing any addi-
tional information which is listed in the mail 
voter registration application form for elections 
for Federal office prescribed pursuant to section 
9 of the National Voter Registration Act of 
1993; 
(3) ensure that each such individual who is eli-
gible to register to vote in elections for Federal of-
fice in the State is promptly registered to vote not 
later than 45 days after the official sends the indi-
vidual the written notice under paragraph (2), un-
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less, during the 30-day period which begins on the 
date the election official sends the individual such 
written notice, the individual declines registration in 
writing, through a communication made over the 
internet, or by an officially logged telephone commu-
nication; and 
(4) send written notice to each such individual, 
in addition to other means of notice established by 
this title, of the individual’s voter registration status. 
(d) TREATMENT OF INDIVIDUALS UNDER 18 YEARS 
OF AGE.—A State may not refuse to treat an individual 
as an eligible individual for purposes of this title on the 
grounds that the individual is less than 18 years of age 
at the time a contributing agency receives information 
with respect to the individual, so long as the individual 
is at least 16 years of age at such time. 
(e) CONTRIBUTING AGENCY DEFINED.—In this part, 
the term ‘‘contributing agency’’ means, with respect to a 
State, an agency listed in section 203(e). 
SEC. 203. CONTRIBUTING AGENCY ASSISTANCE IN REG-
ISTRATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In accordance with this title, each 
contributing agency in a State shall assist the State’s chief 
election official in registering to vote all eligible individuals 
served by that agency. 
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(b) REQUIREMENTS
FOR
CONTRIBUTING
AGEN-
CIES.— 
(1) INSTRUCTIONS ON AUTOMATIC REGISTRA-
TION.—With each application for service or assist-
ance, and with each related recertification, renewal, 
or change of address, or, in the case of an institu-
tion of higher education, with each registration of a 
student for enrollment in a course of study, each 
contributing agency that (in the normal course of its 
operations) requests individuals to affirm United 
States citizenship (either directly or as part of the 
overall application for service or assistance) shall in-
form each such individual who is a citizen of the 
United States of the following: 
(A) Unless that individual declines to reg-
ister to vote, or is found ineligible to vote, the 
individual will be registered to vote or, if appli-
cable, the individual’s registration will be up-
dated. 
(B) The substantive qualifications of an 
elector in the State as listed in the mail voter 
registration application form for elections for 
Federal office prescribed pursuant to section 9 
of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, 
the consequences of false registration, and the 
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individual should decline to register if the indi-
vidual does not meet all those qualifications. 
(C) In the case of a State in which affili-
ation or enrollment with a political party is re-
quired in order to participate in an election to 
select the party’s candidate in an election for 
Federal office, the requirement that the indi-
vidual must affiliate or enroll with a political 
party in order to participate in such an election. 
(D) Voter registration is voluntary, and 
neither registering nor declining to register to 
vote will in any way affect the availability of 
services or benefits, nor be used for other pur-
poses. 
(2) OPPORTUNITY TO DECLINE REGISTRATION 
REQUIRED.—Each contributing agency shall ensure 
that each application for service or assistance, and 
each related recertification, renewal, or change of 
address, or, in the case of an institution of higher 
education, each registration of a student for enroll-
ment in a course of study, cannot be completed until 
the individual is given the opportunity to decline to 
be registered to vote. 
(3) INFORMATION
TRANSMITTAL.—Upon the 
expiration of the 30-day period which begins on the 
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date the contributing agency informs the individual 
of the information described in paragraph (1), each 
contributing agency shall electronically transmit to 
the appropriate State election official, in a format 
compatible with the statewide voter database main-
tained under section 303 of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083), the following infor-
mation, unless during such 30-day period the indi-
vidual declined to be registered to vote: 
(A) The individual’s given name(s) and 
surname(s). 
(B) The individual’s date of birth. 
(C) The individual’s residential address. 
(D) Information showing that the indi-
vidual is a citizen of the United States. 
(E) The date on which information per-
taining to that individual was collected or last 
updated. 
(F) If available, the individual’s signature 
in electronic form. 
(G) Information regarding the individual’s 
affiliation or enrollment with a political party, 
if the individual provides such information. 
(H) Any additional information listed in 
the mail voter registration application form for 
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elections for Federal office prescribed pursuant 
to section 9 of the National Voter Registration 
Act of 1993, including any valid driver’s license 
number or the last 4 digits of the individual’s 
social security number, if the individual pro-
vided such information. 
(c) ALTERNATE PROCEDURE
FOR CERTAIN CON-
TRIBUTING AGENCIES.—With each application for service 
or assistance, and with each related recertification, re-
newal, or change of address, or in the case of an institu-
tion of higher education, with each registration of a stu-
dent for enrollment in a course of study, any contributing 
agency that in the normal course of its operations does 
not request individuals applying for service or assistance 
to affirm United States citizenship (either directly or as 
part of the overall application for service or assistance) 
shall— 
(1) complete the requirements of section 7(a)(6) 
of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 
U.S.C. 20506(a)(6)); 
(2) ensure that each applicant’s transaction 
with the agency cannot be completed until the appli-
cant has indicated whether the applicant wishes to 
register to vote or declines to register to vote in elec-
tions for Federal office held in the State; and 
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