474 
Secretary shall require the funding of the grant be 
matched with equal matching funds from a non-Fed-
eral source if the grant is— 
‘‘(A) for applied research that is com-
modity-specific; and 
‘‘(B) not of national scope. 
‘‘(11) RESEARCH PRIORITIES.—The research pri-
orities for the programs established in paragraph (8) 
shall be consistent with the priorities in effect for the 
National Research Initiative (7 U.S.C. 450i(b)) and 
Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food Systems 
(7 U.S.C. 7621) on the day before the date of enact-
ment of this subsection. Priorities under the Initiative 
for Future Agricultural and Food Systems shall in-
clude classical plant and animal breeding. 
‘‘(12) PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION.—To the great-
est extent possible, the Under Secretary, in conjunc-
tion with the Directors of the National Agricultural 
Research Program Offices established in section 7104 
of the Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007, 
shall allocate these grants to high priority research 
taking into consideration, when available, the deter-
minations made by the National Agricultural Re-
search, Extension, Education, and Economics Advi-
sory Board (as established under section 1408 of the 
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National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3123). 
‘‘(13) SPECIAL
CONSIDERATIONS.—In addition 
to making research grants under paragraph (9), the 
Secretary may conduct a program to improve re-
search capabilities in the agricultural, food, and envi-
ronmental sciences and award the following categories 
of competitive grants. Grants may be awarded— 
‘‘(A) to a single investigator or coinvestiga-
tors within the same discipline; 
‘‘(B) to teams of researchers from different 
areas of agricultural research and scientific dis-
ciplines; 
‘‘(C) to multidisciplinary teams that are 
proposing research on long-term applied research 
problems, with technology transfer a major com-
ponent of all such grant proposals; 
‘‘(D) to an institution to allow for the im-
provement of the research, development, tech-
nology transfer, and education capacity of the 
institution through the acquisition of special re-
search equipment and the improvement of agri-
cultural education and teaching; however the 
Secretary shall use not less than 25 percent of 
the funds made available for grants under this 
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subparagraph to provide fellowships to out-
standing pre- and post-doctoral students for re-
search in the agricultural sciences; 
‘‘(E) to a single investigator or coinvestiga-
tors who are beginning their research careers and 
do not have an extensive research publication 
record; however, to be eligible for a grant under 
this subparagraph, an individual shall be within 
5 years of the individual’s initial career track 
position; 
‘‘(F) to ensure that the faculty of small and 
mid-sized institutions who have not previously 
been successful in obtaining competitive grants 
under this subsection receive a portion of the 
grants; and 
‘‘(G) to improve research capabilities in 
States (as defined in the National Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.)) in which institu-
tions have been less successful in receiving fund-
ing under this subsection, based on a 3-year roll-
ing average of funding levels. 
‘‘(14) DIVISION OF FUNDS.—Of the funds made 
available to carry out this subsection, 60 percent shall 
be used to fund programs under paragraph (9) and 
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477 
40 percent shall be used to fund programs under 
paragraph (10). 
‘‘(15) TRANSFER OF FUNDS FROM THE INITIA-
TIVE
FOR
FUTURE
AGRICULTURE
AND
FOOD
SYS-
TEMS.—Funds made available pursuant to section 
401(b)(3)(D) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7621 
(b)(3)(D)) shall be transferred to the program estab-
lished under this subsection. 
‘‘(16) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
‘‘(A) There is authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out this subsection $500,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012. 
‘‘(B) Funds made available in each fiscal 
year shall remain available until expended to 
pay for obligations incurred in that fiscal year.’’. 
(b) REPEALS.—The following provisions are hereby re-
pealed: 
(1) Section 401 of the Agricultural Research, Ex-
tension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7621). 
(2) Subsection (2)(d) of the Competitive, Special, 
and Facilities Research Grant Act of 1965 (7 U.S.C. 
450i(c)). 
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478 
SEC. 7107. CAPACITY BUILDING GRANTS FOR ASCARR INSTI-
TUTIONS. 
(a) GRANT PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall make 
competitive grants to ASCARR Institutions to assist 
the ASCARR Institutions in maintaining and ex-
panding the capacity of the ASCARR Institutions to 
conduct education, research, and outreach activities 
relating to— 
(A) agriculture; 
(B) renewable resources; and 
(C) other similar disciplines. 
(2) USE OF FUNDS.—An ASCARR Institution 
that receives a grant under subsection (a)(1) may use 
the funds made available through the grant to main-
tain and expand the capacity of the ASCARR Insti-
tution— 
(A) to successfully compete for funds from 
Federal grants and other sources to carry out 
educational, research, and outreach activities 
that address priority concerns of national, re-
gional, State, and local interest; 
(B) to disseminate information relating to 
priority concerns to— 
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