I 
113TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 410 
To provide that any executive action infringing on the Second Amendment 
has no force or effect, and to prohibit the use of funds for certain purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 23, 2013 
Mr. STOCKMAN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on the Judiciary 
A BILL 
To provide that any executive action infringing on the Second 
Amendment has no force or effect, and to prohibit the 
use of funds for certain purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Restore the Constitu-
tion Act of 2013’’. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—That it is the sense of Congress 
that any executive action issued by the President before, 
on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act that 
infringes on the powers and duties of Congress under sec-
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tion 8 of article I of the Constitution or the Second 
Amendment to the Constitution, or that would require the 
expenditure of Federal funds not specifically appropriated 
for the purpose of executive action, is advisory only and 
has no force or effect unless enacted by law. 
(b) DEFINITION OF EXECUTIVE ACTION.—In this 
Act, the term ‘‘executive action’’ includes an Executive 
order, memoranda, proclamation or signing statement. 
SEC. 3. VITIATION OF EFFECT OF EXECUTIVE ACTION. 
Any existing or proposed executive action that in-
fringes on the powers and duties of Congress under section 
8 of article I of the Constitution or the Second Amend-
ment to the Constitution shall have no force or effect. 
SEC. 4. PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF FUNDS FOR CER-
TAIN PURPOSES. 
No funds appropriated pursuant to any provision of 
law may be used to promulgate or enforce any executive 
action that infringes on the powers and duties of Congress 
under section 8 of article I of the Constitution or the Sec-
ond Amendment to the Constitution. 
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SEC. 5. STANDING TO CHALLENGE EXECUTIVE ACTION 
WHICH IMPACTS ARTICLE I, SECTION 8 OF 
THE CONSTITUTION OR THE SECOND AMEND-
MENT TO THE CONSTITUTION. 
The following persons may bring an action in an ap-
propriate United States court to challenge the validity of 
any executive action which infringes on the powers and 
duties of Congress under section 8 of article I of the Con-
stitution or the Second Amendment to the Constitution. 
(1) CONGRESS AND ITS MEMBERS.—Any Mem-
ber of the House of Representatives or the Senate, 
or either or both chambers acting pursuant to vote, 
if the challenged action— 
(A) infringes on the powers and duties of 
Congress under article I, section 8 of the Con-
stitution; or 
(B) violates the Second Amendment to the 
Constitution. 
(2) STATE
AND
LOCAL
GOVERNMENTS.—The 
highest governmental official of any State, common-
wealth, district, territory or possession of the United 
States, or any political subdivision thereof, or the 
designee of such person, if the challenged executive 
action infringes on a power of such State or on a 
power afforded to such commonwealth, district, ter-
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ritory, or possession under any congressional enact-
ment or relevant treaty of the United States. 
(3) AGGRIEVED
PERSONS.—Any person ag-
grieved in a liberty or property interest adversely af-
fected by the challenged executive action. 
Æ 
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