(1) Since 1948, United States Presidents and 
both houses of Congress, on a bipartisan basis and 
supported by the American people, have repeatedly 
reaffirmed the special bond between the United 
States and Israel, based on shared values and 
shared interests. 
(2) The Middle East is undergoing rapid 
change, bringing with it hope for an expansion of de-
mocracy but also great challenges to the national se-
curity of the United States and our allies in the re-
gion, particularly our most important ally in the re-
gion, Israel. The past year has witnessed the fall of 
some regimes long considered to be pillars of sta-
bility in the Middle East and a rise in the influence 
of radical Islamists throughout the region. 
(3) Iran, which has long sought to foment in-
stability and promote extremism in the Middle East, 
is now seeking to exploit the dramatic political tran-
sition underway in the region to undermine govern-
ments traditionally aligned with the United States 
and support extremist political movements in these 
countries. 
(4) At the same time, Iran may soon attain a 
nuclear weapons capability, a development that 
would fundamentally threaten vital American inter-
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ests, destabilize the region, encourage regional nu-
clear proliferation, further empower and embolden 
Iran, the world’s leading state sponsor of terrorism, 
and provide it the tools to threaten its neighbors, in-
cluding Israel. 
(5) Over the past several years, with the assist-
ance of Iran and Syria, Hizballah and Hamas have 
increased their stockpiles of rockets, with more than 
60,000 rockets now ready to be fired at Israel. Iran 
continues to add to its arsenal of ballistic missiles 
and cruise missiles, which threaten Iran’s neighbors, 
Israel, and United States military forces in the re-
gion. 
(6) As a result, the strategic environment that 
has kept Israel secure and safeguarded United 
States national interests for the past 35 years has 
eroded. 
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States: 
(1) To reaffirm the enduring commitment of 
the United States to the security of the State of 
Israel as a Jewish state. As President Obama stated 
on December 16, 2011, ‘‘America’s commitment and 
my commitment to Israel and Israel’s security is 
unshakeable.’’. And as President Bush stated before 
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the Knesset on the 60th anniversary of the founding 
of the State of Israel on May 15, 2008, ‘‘The alli-
ance between our governments is unbreakable, yet 
the source of our friendship runs deeper than any 
treaty.’’. 
(2) To provide Israel the military capabilities 
necessary to deter and defend itself by itself against 
any threats. 
(3) To veto any one-sided anti-Israel resolutions 
at the United Nations Security Council. 
(4) To support Israel’s inherent right to self-de-
fense. 
(5) To pursue avenues to expand cooperation 
with Israel in both defense and across the spectrum 
of civilian sectors, including high technology, agri-
culture, medicine, health, pharmaceuticals, and en-
ergy. 
(6) To assist Israel with its on-going efforts to 
forge a peaceful, negotiated settlement of the Israeli- 
Palestinian conflict that results in two states living 
side by side in peace and security, and to encourage 
Israel’s neighbors to recognize Israel’s right to exist 
as a Jewish state. 
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SEC. 4. UNITED STATES ACTIONS TO ASSIST IN THE DE-
FENSE OF ISRAEL AND PROTECT AMERICAN 
INTERESTS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the United States should take the following ac-
tions to assist in the defense of Israel: 
(1) Provide Israel such support as may be nec-
essary to increase development and production of 
joint missile defense systems, particularly such sys-
tems that defend the urgent threat posed to Israel 
and United States forces in the region. 
(2) Provide Israel defense articles and defense 
services through such mechanisms as appropriate, to 
include air refueling tankers, missile defense capa-
bilities, and specialized munitions. 
(3) Allocate additional weaponry and munitions 
for the forward-deployed United States stockpile in 
Israel. 
(4) Provide Israel additional surplus defense ar-
ticles and defense services, as appropriate, in the 
wake of the withdrawal of United States forces from 
Iraq. 
(5) Strengthen efforts to prevent weapons 
smuggling into Gaza pursuant to the 2005 Agree-
ment on Movement and Access following the Israeli 
withdrawal from Gaza and to protect against weap-
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ons smuggling and terrorist threats from the Sinai 
Peninsula. 
(6) Offer the Israeli Air Force additional train-
ing and exercise opportunities in the United States 
to compensate for Israel’s limited air space. 
(7) Expand Israel’s authority to make pur-
chases under the Foreign Military Financing pro-
gram on a commercial basis. 
(8) Seek to enhance the capabilities of the 
United States and Israel to address emerging com-
mon threats, increase security cooperation, and ex-
pand joint military exercises. 
(9) Encourage an expanded role for Israel with-
in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 
including an enhanced presence at NATO head-
quarters and exercises. 
(10) Support extension of the long-standing 
loan guarantee program for Israel, recognizing 
Israel’s unbroken record of repaying its loans on 
time and in full. 
(11) Expand already-close intelligence coopera-
tion, including satellite intelligence, with Israel. 
(b) REPORT ON ISRAEL’S QUALITATIVE MILITARY 
EDGE.— 
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