(4) Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley 
Fever, is a fungal infection acquired by the inhala-
tion of spores of certain fungi primarily found in the 
soil endemic to the American Southwest, including 
in Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, 
Utah, and Washington. 
(5) According to the Morbidity and Mortality 
Weekly Report issued by the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention and dated August 11, 
2017— 
(A) 97 percent of the all reported cases of 
Valley Fever occurred in California and Ari-
zona; 
(B) individuals at increased risk for severe 
Valley Fever include persons of African or Fili-
pino descent, pregnant women, adults in older 
age groups, and other individuals with weak-
ened immune systems; 
(C) the overall incident rate of Valley 
Fever peaked in 2011 and again in 2016; 
(D) in California, the Valley Fever incident 
rate for 2016 was the highest recorded to date, 
with 42 percent of cases reported coming from 
Kern County; and 
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(E) the reason for increases in Valley 
Fever cases reported in California in 2016 is 
not known. 
(6) Valley Fever illness ranges from influenza- 
like symptoms to life-threatening when the infection 
spreads to other parts of the body, including the 
brain. 
(7) The overall estimated impact of Valley 
Fever is less than 200,000 people in the United 
States, with roughly 200 deaths each year and over 
11,000 new cases identified in 2016. The estimated 
economic impact to the United States is at least 
$500,000,000 from hospital, outpatient, and lost 
productivity costs. 
(8) In the past 60 years, only 4 classes of 
antifungal compounds have been approved by the 
Food and Drug Administration for treatment for all 
fungal infections. 
(9) Existing antifungal therapies often do not 
cure the fungal infection involved because, similar to 
how bacteria have become resistant to antibiotic 
therapies, some fungi no longer respond to the cur-
rent limited antifungal therapies that are designed 
to treat them. 
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(10) Coccidioides, the cause of Valley Fever, is 
not cured by any available drug. 
(11) Although antibiotic-resistant bacterial in-
fections are a widely recognized public health threat, 
less is known about the effects of antifungal resist-
ance and the burden of drug-resistant fungal infec-
tions. 
(12) Fungal infections are a rising threat to 
public 
health 
and 
the 
resistance 
to 
current 
antifungal therapies will only complicate the Na-
tion’s response in the event of a public health emer-
gency. 
SEC. 3. CONTINUING SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH ON EN-
DEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DISEASES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle F of title II of the 21st 
Century Cures Act (Public Law 114–255) is amended by 
inserting after section 2062 (42 U.S.C. 284s) the fol-
lowing new section: 
‘‘SEC. 2062A. ENDEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DISEASES. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services (in this section referred to as the ‘Sec-
retary’) shall continue to conduct or support epidemiolog-
ical, basic, translational, and clinical research related to 
endemic orphan fungal diseases, including coccidioidomy-
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cosis (commonly known as and referred to in this section 
as ‘Valley Fever’). 
‘‘(b) REPORTS.—The Secretary shall ensure that 
each triennial report under section 403 of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 283) includes information 
on actions undertaken by the National Institutes of 
Health to carry out subsection (a) with respect to endemic 
orphan fungal diseases, including Valley Fever. 
‘‘(c) VALLEY FEVER WORKING GROUP.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish a working group, to be known as the Valley 
Fever Working Group (referred to in this section as 
the ‘Working Group’), comprised of representatives 
of appropriate Federal agencies and other non-Fed-
eral entities, to provide expertise and to review all 
efforts within the Department of Health and Human 
Services related to Valley Fever, to help ensure 
interagency coordination and minimize overlap, and 
to examine research priorities. 
‘‘(2) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Working Group 
shall— 
‘‘(A) not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, develop or update a 
summary of— 
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‘‘(i) ongoing Valley Fever research, in-
cluding research related to causes, preven-
tion, treatment, surveillance, diagnosis, 
diagnostics, duration of illness, and inter-
vention for individuals with Valley Fever; 
‘‘(ii) advances made pursuant to such 
research; 
‘‘(iii) Federal activities related to Val-
ley Fever, including— 
‘‘(I) epidemiological activities re-
lated to Valley Fever; and 
‘‘(II) 
basic, 
clinical, 
and 
translational Valley Fever research re-
lated to the pathogenesis, prevention, 
diagnosis, and treatment of Valley 
Fever; 
‘‘(iv) gaps in Valley Fever research 
described in clause (iii)(II); 
‘‘(v) the Working Group’s meetings 
required under paragraph (4); and 
‘‘(vi) the comments received by the 
Working Group; 
‘‘(B) make recommendations to the Sec-
retary regarding any appropriate changes or 
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improvements to such activities and research; 
and 
‘‘(C) solicit input from States, localities, 
and nongovernmental entities, including organi-
zations representing patients, health care pro-
viders, researchers, and industry regarding sci-
entific advances, research questions, and sur-
veillance activities. 
‘‘(3) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the 
Working Group shall represent a diversity of sci-
entific disciplines and views and shall be composed 
of the following members: 
‘‘(A) FEDERAL MEMBERS.—Seven Federal 
members, consisting of one or more representa-
tives of each of the following: 
‘‘(i) The Office of the Assistant Sec-
retary for Health. 
‘‘(ii) The Food and Drug Administra-
tion. 
‘‘(iii) The Centers for Disease Control 
and Prevention. 
‘‘(iv) The National Institutes of 
Health. 
‘‘(v) Such other agencies and offices 
of the Department of Health and Human 
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Services as the Secretary determines ap-
propriate. 
‘‘(B) NON-FEDERAL PUBLIC MEMBERS.— 
Seven non-Federal public members, consisting 
of representatives of the following categories: 
‘‘(i) Physicians and other medical pro-
viders with experience in diagnosing and 
treating Valley Fever. 
‘‘(ii) Scientists or researchers with ex-
pertise. 
‘‘(iii) Patients and their family mem-
bers. 
‘‘(iv) Nonprofit organizations that ad-
vocate for patients with respect to Valley 
Fever. 
‘‘(v) Other individuals whose expertise 
is determined by the Secretary to be bene-
ficial to the functioning of the Working 
Group. 
‘‘(4) MEETINGS.—The Working Group shall 
meet annually. 
‘‘(5) REPORTING.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and every 2 years 
thereafter until termination of the Working Group 
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pursuant to paragraph (7), the Working Group 
shall— 
‘‘(A) submit a report on its activities under 
paragraph (2)(A) and any recommendations 
under paragraph (2)(B) to the Secretary, the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives, and the Committee 
on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
the Senate; and 
‘‘(B) make such report publicly available 
on the internet website of the Department of 
Health and Human Services. 
‘‘(6) APPLICABILITY OF FACA.—The Working 
Group shall be treated as an advisory committee 
subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 
U.S.C. App.). 
‘‘(7) SUNSET.—The Working Group under this 
section shall terminate 5 years after the date of en-
actment of this Act. 
‘‘(d) ENDEMIC
ORPHAN
FUNGAL
DISEASE
DE-
FINED.—The term ‘endemic orphan fungal disease’ has 
the meaning given such term in section 529B(a) of the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING TABLE
OF CONTENTS AMEND-
MENT.—Section 1(b) of the 21st Century Cures Act (Pub-
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lic Law 114–255) is amended in the table of contents, by 
inserting after the item relating to section 2062 the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘Sec. 2062A. Endemic orphan fungal diseases.’’. 
SEC. 4. ENDEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DISEASE FEDERAL- 
STATE MATCH PILOT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—For each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2024, the Secretary of Health and Human Serv-
ices shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
award grants through a competitive process to eligible en-
tities to conduct research with respect to endemic orphan 
fungal diseases, including coccidioidomycosis. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY.—An entity eligible to receive a 
grant under this section is a State or local public hospital, 
an institution of higher education (as defined in section 
101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001)), or a nonprofit organization that has been provided 
funds from State or local government sources for epide-
miological, basic, translational, and clinical research on 
endemic orphan fungal diseases during the 3-year period 
ending on the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(c) APPLICATION.—An entity seeking a grant under 
this section shall submit an application to the Secretary— 
(1) in such form and manner as the Secretary 
shall prescribe; 
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(2) that contains a certification that the entity 
has received the funds described in subsection (b) 
and that specifies the amount of such funds; and 
(3) that contains such other information as the 
Secretary may require. 
(d) AMOUNT OF GRANT.—The amount of a grant 
under this section shall equal (to the extent practicable) 
the amount of funds received from State or local govern-
ment sources for the research that is the subject of the 
grant. 
(e) ENDEMIC
ORPHAN
FUNGAL
DISEASE
DE-
FINED.—The term ‘‘endemic orphan fungal disease’’ has 
the meaning given such term in section 529B of the Fed-
eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by section 
7. 
(f) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2024, 
to remain available until expended. 
(g) SUNSET.—The Secretary may not award grants 
under this section on or after October 1, 2024. 
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SEC. 5. FDA GUIDANCE FOR INDUSTRY ON DEVELOPMENT 
OF DIAGNOSTICS AND ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS 
AND VACCINES FOR VALLEY FEVER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of 
Food and Drugs, shall issue draft guidance for industry 
for the purposes of assisting entities seeking approval 
under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 301 et seq.) or licensure under section 351 of the 
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262) of antifungal 
therapies, diagnostics, or vaccines, specifically therapies, 
diagnostics, and vaccines designed to diagnose, treat, or 
prevent coccidioidomycosis (commonly known as Valley 
Fever). 
(b) CONSULTATION.—In developing the draft guid-
ance under subsection (a), the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of 
Food and Drugs, shall consult with institutions of higher 
education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), researchers, and 
other relevant stakeholders. 
(c) FINAL GUIDANCE.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of 
Food and Drugs, shall finalize the draft guidance issued 
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under subsection (a) not later than 2 years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 6. INCLUDING ANTIFUNGAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS 
AS QUALIFIED INFECTIOUS DISEASE PROD-
UCTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 505E of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355f) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘(or, pursuant to section 
351 of the Public Health Service Act, in the 
case of an antifungal biological product)’’ after 
‘‘pursuant to section 505 for a drug’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘or the 7-year period de-
scribed in section 527,’’ and inserting ‘‘the 7- 
year period described in section 527, or, in the 
case of an antifungal biological product, the 12- 
year period under section 351(k) of the Public 
Health Service Act,’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘or, in 
the case of an antifungal biological product, 
section 351(a) of the Public Health Service 
Act’’ after ‘‘505(b)’’; and 
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swers Guidance for Industry’’ issued in January 2018, to 
implement the amendments made by subsection (a). 
SEC. 7. PRIORITY REVIEW TO ENCOURAGE TREATMENTS 
FOR ENDEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DISEASES. 
Subchapter B of chapter V of the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360aa et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 529B. PRIORITY REVIEW TO ENCOURAGE TREAT-
MENTS FOR ENDEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DIS-
EASES. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ENDEMIC
ORPHAN
FUNGAL
DISEASE.— 
The term ‘endemic orphan fungal disease’ means a 
disease, such as coccidioidomycosis, that— 
‘‘(A) is caused by a fungus; 
‘‘(B) primarily occurs in certain limited ge-
ographic regions; and 
‘‘(C) is a rare disease or condition (as that 
term is defined in section 526(a)(2) of the Fed-
eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
360bb(a)(2))). 
‘‘(2) ENDEMIC ORPHAN FUNGAL DISEASE DRUG 
APPLICATION.—The term ‘endemic orphan fungal 
disease drug application’ means an application 
that— 
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‘‘(A) is a human drug application for a 
drug intended for use— 
‘‘(i) to prevent or treat harm from an 
endemic orphan fungal disease; or 
‘‘(ii) to cure an endemic orphan 
fungal disease; 
‘‘(B) the Secretary determines eligible for 
priority review; 
‘‘(C) is approved after the date of enact-
ment of this section; and 
‘‘(D) is for a human drug, no active ingre-
dient (including any ester or salt of the active 
ingredient) of which has been approved in any 
other application under section 505(b)(1) or 
section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act. 
‘‘(3) HUMAN
DRUG
APPLICATION.—The term 
‘human drug application’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 735(1). 
‘‘(4) PRIORITY REVIEW.—The term ‘priority re-
view’, with respect to a human drug application, 
means review and action by the Secretary on such 
application not later than 6 months after receipt by 
the Secretary of such application, as described in the 
Manual of Policies and Procedures in the Food and 
Drug Administration and goals identified in the let-
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ters described in section 101(b) of the Food and 
Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act. 
‘‘(5) PRIORITY REVIEW VOUCHER.—The term 
‘priority review voucher’ means a voucher issued by 
the Secretary to the sponsor of an endemic orphan 
fungal disease drug application that entitles the 
holder of such voucher to priority review of a single 
human drug application submitted under section 
505(b)(1) or section 351(a) of the Public Health 
Service Act after the date of approval of the endemic 
orphan fungal disease drug application. 
‘‘(b) PRIORITY REVIEW VOUCHER.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall award 
a priority review voucher to the sponsor of an en-
demic orphan fungal disease drug application upon 
approval by the Secretary of such endemic orphan 
fungal disease drug application. 
‘‘(2) TRANSFERABILITY.—The sponsor of a en-
demic orphan fungal disease drug application that 
receives a priority review voucher under this section 
may transfer (including by sale) the entitlement to 
such voucher to a sponsor of a human drug for 
which an application under section 505(b)(1) or sec-
tion 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act will be 
submitted after the date of the approval of the en-
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demic orphan fungal disease drug application. There 
is no limit on the number of times a priority review 
voucher may be transferred before such voucher is 
used. 
‘‘(3) NOTIFICATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The sponsor of a 
human drug application shall notify the Sec-
retary not later than 90 calendar days prior to 
submission of the human drug application that 
is the subject of a priority review voucher of an 
intent to submit the human drug application, 
including the date on which the sponsor intends 
to submit the application. Such notification 
shall be a legally binding commitment to pay 
for the user fee to be assessed in accordance 
with this section. 
‘‘(B) TRANSFER
AFTER
NOTICE.—The 
sponsor of a human drug application that pro-
vides notification of the intent of such sponsor 
to use the voucher for the human drug applica-
tion under subparagraph (A) may transfer the 
voucher after such notification is provided, if 
such sponsor has not yet submitted the human 
drug application described in the notification. 
‘‘(c) PRIORITY REVIEW USER FEE.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a user fee program under which a sponsor of a 
human drug application that is the subject of a pri-
ority review voucher shall pay to the Secretary a fee 
determined under paragraph (2). Such fee shall be 
in addition to any fee required to be submitted by 
the sponsor under chapter VII. 
‘‘(2) FEE AMOUNT.—The amount of the pri-
ority review user fee shall be determined each fiscal 
year by the Secretary and based on the average cost 
incurred by the agency in the review of a human 
drug application subject to priority review in the 
previous fiscal year. 
‘‘(3) ANNUAL
FEE
SETTING.—The Secretary 
shall establish, before the beginning of each fiscal 
year beginning after September 30, 2019, for that 
fiscal year, the amount of the priority review user 
fee. 
‘‘(4) PAYMENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The priority review 
user fee required by this subsection shall be due 
upon the submission of a human drug applica-
tion under section 505(b)(1) or section 351(a) 
of the Public Health Service Act for which the 
priority review voucher is used. 
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‘‘(B) COMPLETE APPLICATION.—An appli-
cation described under subparagraph (A) for 
which the sponsor requests the use of a priority 
review voucher shall be considered incomplete if 
the fee required by this subsection and all other 
applicable user fees are not paid in accordance 
with the Secretary’s procedures for paying such 
fees. 
‘‘(C) NO WAIVERS, EXEMPTIONS, REDUC-
TIONS, OR REFUNDS.—The Secretary may not 
grant a waiver, exemption, reduction, or refund 
of any fees due and payable under this section. 
‘‘(5) OFFSETTING
COLLECTIONS.—Fees col-
lected pursuant to this subsection for any fiscal 
year— 
‘‘(A) shall be deposited and credited as off-
setting collections to the account providing ap-
propriations to the Food and Drug Administra-
tion; and 
‘‘(B) shall not be collected for any fiscal 
year except to the extent provided in advance in 
appropriation Acts. 
‘‘(d) NOTICE OF ISSUANCE OF VOUCHER AND AP-
PROVAL OF PRODUCTS UNDER VOUCHER.—The Secretary 
shall publish a notice in the Federal Register and on the 
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Internet website of the Food and Drug Administration not 
later than 30 calendar days after the occurrence of each 
of the following: 
‘‘(1) The Secretary issues a priority review 
voucher under this section. 
‘‘(2) The Secretary approves a drug pursuant 
to an application submitted under section 505(b) of 
this Act or section 351(a) of the Public Health Serv-
ice Act for which the sponsor of the application used 
a priority review voucher issued under this section. 
‘‘(e) ELIGIBILITY FOR OTHER PROGRAMS.—Nothing 
in this section precludes a sponsor who seeks a priority 
review voucher under this section from participating in 
any other incentive program, including under this Act, ex-
cept that no sponsor of a material threat medical counter-
measure application may receive more than one priority 
review voucher issued under any section of this Act with 
respect to such drug. 
‘‘(f) RELATION TO OTHER PROVISIONS.—The provi-
sions of this section shall supplement, not supplant, any 
other provisions of this Act or the Public Health Service 
Act that encourage the development of medical counter-
measures. 
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‘‘(g) SUNSET.—The Secretary may not award any 
priority review vouchers under subsection (b) after Octo-
ber 1, 2024.’’. 
SEC. 8. INCLUDING ANTIFUNGAL PRODUCTS IN THE CARB– 
X PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services shall, in carrying out the Combating An-
tibiotic Resistant Bacteria Accelerator program of the De-
partment of Health and Human Services (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘‘CARB–X’’), conduct research with respect 
to antifungal resistance, including therapies, diagnostics, 
and vaccines, including for coccidioidomycosis. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Biodefense Med-
ical Countermeasure Development Fund established under 
section 319L(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 
247d–7e(d)) 
to 
carry 
out 
subsection 
(a) 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2024, 
to remain available until expended. 
SEC. 9. BLOCKCHAIN PILOT PROGRAM FOR HOSPITAL 
DATA SECURITY FOR COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS 
RESEARCH. 
Part A of title IV of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 281 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new section: 
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‘‘SEC. 404O. BLOCKCHAIN PILOT PROGRAM FOR HOSPITAL 
DATA SECURITY FOR COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS 
RESEARCH. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of NIH shall carry 
out a pilot program to conduct, support, and facilitate 
auditable research on coccidioidomycosis (commonly re-
ferred to as ‘Valley Fever’). In carrying out such program, 
the Director shall— 
‘‘(1) award a grant to an eligible entity to in-
stall a blockchain on the servers of, or otherwise pro-
vide blockchain services to, the National Institutes of 
Health, and provide support with respect to such a 
blockchain, which shall contain public, unalterable 
data which includes every query made through the 
procedure established under subsection (c), as well 
as the identity of the individual who asked such a 
question, without disclosing the results of such que-
ries; 
‘‘(2) award a grant to an eligible entity— 
‘‘(A) to provide to not less than 3 qualified 
hospitals qualified software; and 
‘‘(B) to provide customer service to each 
such hospital with respect to such qualified 
software or any associated service; 
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‘‘(3) provide to such qualified hospitals any nec-
essary hardware in accordance with subsection (e); 
and 
‘‘(4) award grants to eligible entities to test the 
cybersecurity of such qualified hospitals by attempt-
ing to attack simulated data on the servers of such 
hospitals. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES; APPLICATION.—The Di-
rector of NIH shall determine whether an entity is eligible 
to receive a grant under this section and shall select hos-
pitals to be qualified hospitals for purposes of this section. 
An entity seeking a grant under this section, and a hos-
pital seeking to be so selected, shall submit to the Director 
of NIH an application in such form and manner and con-
taining such information as the Director of NIH may 
specify. 
‘‘(c) DATA QUERIES.—The Director of NIH shall es-
tablish, for purposes of allowing researchers to process 
data from a qualified hospital’s servers pursuant to this 
section, a procedure to determine— 
‘‘(1) who can ask queries of the servers; 
‘‘(2) which data the hospital must include on 
such servers; and 
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‘‘(3) which questions may be asked of such 
servers, and what form of de-identification of the 
servers’ data is required to ensure privacy. 
‘‘(d) REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS.—Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this section, the 
Director of NIH shall publish in the Federal Register a 
request for proposals for grants under paragraphs (1), (2), 
and (4) of subsection (a). 
‘‘(e) PROVISION OF SERVERS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of NIH shall, 
in carrying out subsection (a)(3), provide to quali-
fied hospitals hardware, including computer servers, 
sufficient to support qualified software. 
‘‘(2) CONDITION.—As a condition on the receipt 
of a computer server under paragraph (1), a quali-
fied hospital shall agree not to use the qualified soft-
ware on the server to store data from patients of the 
hospital until the Director of NIH determines that 
testing performed pursuant to subsection (a)(4) has 
determined that simulated data used in such soft-
ware could not be extracted from the hospital’s serv-
ers. 
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘blockchain’ means software that 
uses a distributed digital ledger of cryptographically 
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signed transactions that are grouped into blocks, 
each of which— 
‘‘(A) is cryptographically linked to the pre-
vious block after validation and undergoing a 
consensus decision; and 
‘‘(B) when added as a new block, makes 
any older blocks more difficult to modify and is 
replicated across all copies of the ledger within 
the relevant network, with any conflicts in such 
blocks resolved automatically using established 
rules. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘qualified hospital’ means a hos-
pital that is located in a region in which coccidioi-
domycosis is endemic. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘qualified software’ means soft-
ware that uses secure multiparty encrypted com-
puting to allow researchers to perform computations 
on encrypted data supplied by qualified hospitals. 
‘‘(4) The term ‘secure multiparty encrypted 
computing’ means a form of cryptography in which 
parties can jointly compute a function of inputs 
while keeping those inputs private from each other, 
and from all other parties, such as multiparty homo-
morphic encryption, threshold encryption, and secure 
multiparty computation. 
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‘‘(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$5,000,000 for fiscal year 2020, to remain available until 
expended.’’. 
Æ 
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