SEC. 2. COORDINATING AND EXPANDING ORGANIC RE-
SEARCH INITIATIVE. 
Title IV of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 is amended by inserting 
before section 404 (7 U.S.C. 7624) the following: 
‘‘SEC. 401. COORDINATING AND EXPANDING ORGANIC RE-
SEARCH INITIATIVE. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) INITIATIVE.—The term ‘Initiative’ means 
the Coordinating and Expanding Organic Research 
Initiative established under subsection (b). 
‘‘(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means 
the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary 
for Research, Education, and Economics, in con-
sultation with the Office of the Chief Scientist. 
‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish, and appoint the members of, an initiative, to be 
known as the ‘Coordinating and Expanding Organic Re-
search Initiative’, to coordinate and expand the resources 
that the Agricultural Research Service, the National Insti-
tute of Food and Agriculture, the Economic Research 
Service, and the National Agricultural Statistics Service 
dedicate to organic agricultural research. 
‘‘(c) DUTIES.—The Initiative shall carry out the fol-
lowing duties: 
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‘‘(1) Coordinating all research conducted by the 
Secretary that is applicable to organic agricultural 
producers and transitioning-to-organic agricultural 
producers. 
‘‘(2) Reviewing and assessing the completed 
and ongoing organic and transitioning-to-organic ag-
ricultural research of the Secretary. 
‘‘(3) Developing iterative strategic plans for fu-
ture organic and transitioning-to-organic agricul-
tural research of the Secretary. 
‘‘(4) Conducting the surveys and submitting to 
the Secretary the reports under subsection (e)(1). 
‘‘(d) APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall appoint 
not fewer than 12, and not more than 18, members 
to the Initiative. 
‘‘(2) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible for appoint-
ment to the Initiative under paragraph (1), an indi-
vidual shall— 
‘‘(A) be in the competitive service or the 
Senior Executive Service (as defined in sections 
2102 and 2101a of title 5, United States Code); 
and 
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‘‘(B) have expertise in organic agriculture 
from a science, research, or technical assistance 
division of a Department agency. 
‘‘(3) REPRESENTATION.—In appointing mem-
bers to the Initiative, the Secretary shall ensure 
that— 
‘‘(A) not fewer than 1⁄4 of the members are 
appointed from each of— 
‘‘(i) the Agricultural Research Service; 
and 
‘‘(ii) the National Institute of Food 
and Agriculture; and 
‘‘(B) not fewer than 1 member is ap-
pointed from each of— 
‘‘(i) the Office of the Chief Scientist; 
‘‘(ii) the National Organic Program of 
the Agricultural Marketing Service; 
‘‘(iii) the Economic Research Service; 
and 
‘‘(iv) the National Agricultural Statis-
tics Service. 
‘‘(4) CHAIR.—The Secretary shall designate a 
member of the Initiative appointed from the Office 
of the Chief Scientist to serve as the Chair of the 
Initiative. 
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‘‘(5) TERM.—A member of the Initiative— 
‘‘(A) shall serve for a term of 5 years; and 
‘‘(B) may be reappointed to the Initiative. 
‘‘(e) SURVEYS; REPORTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years 
after the establishment of the Initiative, and every 5 
years thereafter, in coordination with the roadmap 
for agricultural research, education, and extension 
described in section 7504 of the Food, Conservation, 
and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7614a), the Ini-
tiative shall— 
‘‘(A) conduct a survey of all research relat-
ing to organic agriculture of the Secretary; and 
‘‘(B) submit to the Secretary a report con-
taining the findings of the survey conducted 
under subparagraph (A), which shall include 
sections relating to each of the 4 agencies de-
scribed in subsection (b). 
‘‘(2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—The Initiative shall 
include in each report submitted under paragraph 
(1)(B) recommendations relating to— 
‘‘(A) expanding the research conducted by 
the Secretary that— 
‘‘(i) is applicable to agricultural pro-
ducers that adhere to the requirements 
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under the national organic program estab-
lished under the Organic Foods Production 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.); and 
‘‘(ii) would explore the new or en-
hanced research opportunities that could 
lead to new discoveries, foster innovation, 
improve technologies, and promote inte-
grated systems approaches to assist— 
‘‘(I) organic agricultural pro-
ducers; 
‘‘(II) consumers of organic food 
products; 
‘‘(III) organic marketing and dis-
tribution channels; 
‘‘(IV) transitioning-to-organic ag-
ricultural producers, including with 
respect to barriers to transitioning to 
organic production and producers who 
have considered transitioning to or-
ganic production but decided not to 
do so; and 
‘‘(V) the organic food industry; 
‘‘(B) strategies to increase the coordination 
and effectiveness of projects carried out by the 
Secretary that are applicable to organic produc-
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tion and that would improve the efficiency, pro-
ductivity, profitability, and ecosystem services 
of organic crop and livestock production, includ-
ing strategies relating to— 
‘‘(i) developing new public plant 
cultivars and livestock breeds that are re-
gionally adapted and appropriate for or-
ganic production; 
‘‘(ii) expanding the applicability and 
cost-effectiveness of integrated, ecologically 
based pest, weed, and disease management 
for crop and livestock systems; 
‘‘(iii) developing integrated organic 
production systems that— 
‘‘(I) enhance ecosystem services 
relating to organic crop and livestock 
production; and 
‘‘(II) optimize agricultural resil-
ience to the impacts of climate change 
and other stresses, including soil con-
servation and soil health, biodiversity, 
water management, carbon sequestra-
tion, and greenhouse gas mitigation; 
‘‘(iv) improving the remote sensing 
and monitoring capabilities for ecosystem 
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services relating to organic crop and live-
stock production, including soil conserva-
tion and soil health, biodiversity, water 
management, carbon sequestration, and 
greenhouse gas mitigation; 
‘‘(v) developing grazing, pasture, for-
age, and livestock manure management 
techniques that are regionally adapted and 
appropriate for organic production; 
‘‘(vi) enhancing irrigation and water 
management techniques used in organic 
crop and livestock production; 
‘‘(vii) enhancing food safety relating 
to organic crops and livestock products, in-
cluding guidance on compliance with the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 301 et seq.); 
‘‘(viii) developing new products and 
new uses of organic crops and livestock 
products; 
‘‘(ix) enhancing the quality of organi-
cally produced food, including taste, ap-
pearance, and nutritional value, after being 
processed into organic crop and livestock 
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products, through genetic, processing, and 
related research topics; and 
‘‘(x) other similar, relevant topics, as 
determined by the Initiative; and 
‘‘(C) the development of data and applied 
research-based information useful to organic 
and conventional crop producers, associations of 
those producers, and other interested bene-
ficiaries in evaluating the organic and conven-
tional crops industries from a regional and na-
tional perspective. 
‘‘(3) REVIEW OF PRIOR REPORT.—The Initia-
tive shall include in each report submitted under 
paragraph (1)(B)— 
‘‘(A) a review of the recommendations de-
scribed in paragraph (2) included in the prior 
report submitted under paragraph (1)(B); and 
‘‘(B) the actions taken by the Secretary to 
implement those recommendations. 
‘‘(f) CONSULTATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Initiative shall engage in consultation, in-
cluding with— 
‘‘(A) the National Organic Standards 
Board; and 
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‘‘(B) land-grant colleges and universities. 
‘‘(2) ORGANIC
AND
CONVENTIONAL
INDUS-
TRIES.—In preparing each report under subsection 
(e)(1)(B), the Initiative shall consult, on an ongoing 
basis, with a diverse array of— 
‘‘(A) organic and conventional farmers, 
ranchers, handlers; and 
‘‘(B) organizations that serve those farm-
ers, ranchers, and handlers. 
‘‘(g) CONSIDERATION BY SECRETARY.—In preparing 
the annual budget recommendations for the Department, 
the Secretary shall take into consideration the findings 
and recommendations contained in the most recently sub-
mitted report under subsection (e)(1)(B). 
‘‘(h) REPORT BY SECRETARY.—In the budget mate-
rial submitted to Congress by the Secretary of Agriculture 
in connection with the budget of the United States Gov-
ernment submitted by the President under section 1105 
of title 31, United States Code, for each fiscal year, the 
Secretary of Agriculture shall include a report describing 
how the Secretary addressed each recommendation of the 
Initiative contained in the most recently submitted report 
under subsection (e)(1)(B).’’. 
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SEC. 3. ORGANIC RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE. 
Section 1672B of the Food, Agriculture, Conserva-
tion, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925b) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘subsection (e)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘subsection (f)’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘2023’’ and inserting 
‘‘2030’’; 
(B) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(C) in paragraph (8), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(9) facilitating the identification and adoption 
of traditional ecological knowledge in accordance 
with subsection (e); 
‘‘(10) developing cultural practices and other 
allowable alternatives to substances recommended 
for removal from the National List of Allowed and 
Prohibited Substances of the National Organic Pro-
gram of the Agricultural Marketing Service; and 
‘‘(11) identifying how organic agriculture can 
adapt to and mitigate climate change through reduc-
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ing greenhouse gas emissions, building landscape re-
siliency, establishing regenerative agriculture sys-
tems, and facilitating other related ecosystem serv-
ices.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘TYPES AND PROCESS,’’ and inserting ‘‘TERM, 
TYPES, AND PROCESS;’’; 
(B) by inserting ‘‘(3)’’ after ‘‘Paragraphs’’; 
and 
(C) by striking ‘‘(7 U.S.C. 450i)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘(7 U.S.C. 3157(b))’’; 
(3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(e) 
INDIGENOUS
TRADITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL 
KNOWLEDGE.—Any grants made under this section for 
the purposes of facilitating the identification and adoption 
of indigenous traditional ecological knowledge shall be sub-
ject to the following requirements: 
‘‘(1) A 1994 Institution (as defined in section 
532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Sta-
tus Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 
103–382)) or an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as those terms 
are defined in section 317(b) of the Higher Edu-
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cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b))) shall have 
the role of project director. 
‘‘(2) The free, prior, and informed consent of 
any Indian Tribes (as defined in section 4 of the In-
dian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)) or Native Hawaiian organiza-
tions that possess the applicable indigenous tradi-
tional ecological knowledge shall be obtained. 
‘‘(3) Appropriate attribution to the sources of 
the applicable indigenous traditional ecological 
knowledge shall be identified.’’; and 
(4) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (G), by striking 
‘‘2023 and each fiscal year thereafter.’’ 
and inserting ‘‘2023;’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(H) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
‘‘(I) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; 
‘‘(J) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; 
‘‘(K) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2029; 
and 
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‘‘(L) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2030 
and each fiscal year thereafter.’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘2023’’ 
and inserting ‘‘2030’’. 
SEC. 4. RESEARCHING THE TRANSITION TO ORGANIC. 
Title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990 is amended by inserting after sec-
tion 1673 (7 U.S.C. 5926) the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1674. RESEARCHING THE TRANSITION TO ORGANIC. 
‘‘(a) COMPETITIVE SPECIALIZED RESEARCH
AND 
EXTENSION GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of 
Agriculture (referred to in this section as the ‘Secretary’), 
in consultation with the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board, 
may make competitive grants to support research, edu-
cation, and extension activities relating to the transition 
of nonorganic production systems into organic agricultural 
production systems for the purposes of— 
‘‘(1) overcoming barriers to transitioning to or-
ganic agricultural production; 
‘‘(2) documenting and understanding the effects 
of organic practices on ecosystem services, including 
soil health and fertility, greenhouse gas mitigation 
and sequestration, water management, biodiversity- 
related services, and pest management; and 
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‘‘(3) developing improved technologies, methods, 
models, and metrics to document, describe, and opti-
mize ecosystem services of transitioning agricultural 
production into organic management. 
‘‘(b) GRANT ADMINISTRATION.—Paragraphs (4), (7), 
(8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of the Competitive, Spe-
cial, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)) 
shall apply with respect to the making of grants under 
this section. 
‘‘(c) PARTNERSHIPS ENCOURAGED.—Following the 
completion of a peer review process for grant proposals 
received under this section, the Secretary may provide a 
priority to the grant proposals, found in the peer review 
process to be scientifically meritorious, that— 
‘‘(1) actively partner with producers or conduct 
on-farm research; and 
‘‘(2) actively involve— 
‘‘(A) 1890 Institutions (as defined in sec-
tion 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7601)); 
‘‘(B) 1994 Institutions (as defined in sec-
tion 532 of the Equity in Educational Land- 
Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; 
Public Law 103–382)); 
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‘‘(C) Hispanic-serving institutions (as de-
fined in section 502 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a)); or 
‘‘(D) Alaska Native-serving institutions or 
Native Hawaiian-serving institutions (as those 
terms are defined in section 317(b) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1059d(b))). 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec-
tion— 
‘‘(1) $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 
and 2027; and 
‘‘(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2028 and each 
fiscal year thereafter.’’. 
SEC. 5. ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA INITIA-
TIVES. 
Section 7407 of the Farm Security and Rural Invest-
ment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 5925c) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub-
section (e); 
(2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS
OF ORGANIC 
FARMING AND CERTIFICATION.— 
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‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting 
through the Administrator of the Economic Re-
search Service (referred to in this subsection as the 
‘Secretary’), shall conduct an economic impact anal-
ysis of organic agricultural management conducted 
in accordance with the national organic program es-
tablished under the Organic Foods Production Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.). 
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The analysis under 
paragraph (1) shall— 
‘‘(A) take into consideration information 
about farming and ranching operations of a va-
riety of sizes, with regional differences, and 
that have a diversity of production practices 
and methods; and 
‘‘(B) consider the direct and indirect eco-
nomic impacts of organic agriculture on rural 
and urban communities, including— 
‘‘(i) the vitality of the local economy; 
‘‘(ii) the labor market; 
‘‘(iii) environmental quality; 
‘‘(iv) social dynamics; 
‘‘(v) land ownership; and 
‘‘(vi) any other information, data, or 
analysis that the Secretary determines to 
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be necessary to make the analysis com-
prehensive, accurate, and useful. 
‘‘(3) PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of the Organic Science and Re-
search Investment Act of 2025, the Secretary shall 
submit a plan to conduct the analysis under para-
graph (1) to— 
‘‘(A) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutri-
tion, and Forestry of the Senate; and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
House of Representatives. 
‘‘(4) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 3 years 
after the date on which the Secretary submits the 
plan under paragraph (3), the Secretary shall sub-
mit to the committees described in that paragraph 
a report describing the results of the analysis con-
ducted under paragraph (1).’’; and 
(3) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
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(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(C) $10,000,000 for the period of fiscal 
years 2025 through 2030.’’; and 
(B) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2023’’ and inserting ‘‘$10,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2025 through 2030’’. 
Æ 
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