(B) China, for ‘‘actively targeting the US 
Government, its allies, and US companies for 
cyber espionage’’; 
(C) Iran, for ‘‘leverag[ing] cyber espionage, 
propaganda, and attacks to support its security 
priorities, influence events and foreign percep-
tions, and counter threats’’; 
(D) 
North 
Korea, 
for 
‘‘previously 
conduct[ing] cyber-attacks against US commer-
cial entities—specifically, Sony Pictures Enter-
tainment in 2014’’; 
(E) terrorists, who ‘‘use the Internet to or-
ganize, recruit, spread propaganda, raise funds, 
collect intelligence, inspire action by followers, 
and coordinate operations’’; and 
(F) criminals, who ‘‘are also developing and 
using sophisticated cyber tools for a variety of 
purposes including theft, extortion, and facilita-
tion of other criminal activities’’. 
(11) On May 11, 2017, President Donald J. 
Trump issued Executive Order 13800 (82 Fed. Reg. 
22391), entitled ‘‘Strengthening the Cybersecurity of 
Federal Networks and Infrastructure’’, which— 
(A) designates the Secretary of State to lead 
an interagency effort to develop an engagement 
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strategy for international cooperation in cyberse-
curity; and 
(B) notes that ‘‘the United States is espe-
cially dependent on a globally secure and resil-
ient internet and must work with allies and 
other partners toward maintaining ... the policy 
of the executive branch to promote an open, 
interoperable, reliable, and secure internet that 
fosters efficiency, innovation, communication, 
and economic prosperity, while respecting pri-
vacy and guarding against disruption, fraud, 
and theft’’. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives. 
(2) INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECH-
NOLOGY; ICT.—The terms ‘‘information and commu-
nications technology’’ and ‘‘ICT’’ include hardware, 
software, and other products or services primarily in-
tended to fulfill or enable the function of information 
processing and communication by electronic means, 
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including transmission and display, including via the 
Internet. 
SEC. 4. UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL CYBERSPACE POL-
ICY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—It is the policy of the United States 
to work internationally to promote an open, interoperable, 
reliable, unfettered, and secure Internet governed by the 
multi-stakeholder model, which— 
(1) promotes human rights, democracy, and rule 
of law, including freedom of expression, innovation, 
communication, and economic prosperity; and 
(2) respects privacy and guards against decep-
tion, fraud, and theft. 
(b) IMPLEMENTATION.—In implementing the policy 
described in subsection (a), the President, in consultation 
with outside actors, including private sector companies, 
nongovernmental organizations, security researchers, and 
other relevant stakeholders, in the conduct of bilateral and 
multilateral relations, shall pursue the following objectives: 
(1) Clarifying the applicability of international 
laws and norms to the use of ICT. 
(2) Reducing and limiting the risk of escalation 
and retaliation in cyberspace, damage to critical in-
frastructure, and other malicious cyber activity that 
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impairs the use and operation of critical infrastruc-
ture that provides services to the public. 
(3) Cooperating with like-minded democratic 
countries that share common values and cyberspace 
policies with the United States, including respect for 
human rights, democracy, and the rule of law, to ad-
vance such values and policies internationally. 
(4) Encouraging the responsible development of 
new, innovative technologies and ICT products that 
strengthen a secure Internet architecture that is acces-
sible to all. 
(5) Securing and implementing commitments on 
responsible country behavior in cyberspace based 
upon accepted norms, including the following: 
(A) Countries should not conduct, or know-
ingly support, cyber-enabled theft of intellectual 
property, including trade secrets or other con-
fidential business information, with the intent of 
providing competitive advantages to companies 
or commercial sectors. 
(B) Countries should take all appropriate 
and reasonable efforts to keep their territories 
clear of intentionally wrongful acts using ICTs 
in violation of international commitments. 
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(C) Countries should not conduct or know-
ingly support ICT activity that, contrary to 
international law, intentionally damages or oth-
erwise impairs the use and operation of critical 
infrastructure providing services to the public, 
and should take appropriate measures to protect 
their critical infrastructure from ICT threats. 
(D) Countries should not conduct or know-
ingly support malicious international activity 
that, contrary to international law, harms the 
information systems of authorized emergency re-
sponse teams (also known as ‘‘computer emer-
gency response teams’’ or ‘‘cybersecurity incident 
response teams’’) of another country or authorize 
emergency response teams to engage in malicious 
international activity. 
(E) Countries should respond to appro-
priate requests for assistance to mitigate mali-
cious ICT activity emanating from their terri-
tory and aimed at the critical infrastructure of 
another country. 
(F) Countries should not restrict cross-bor-
der data flows or require local storage or proc-
essing of data. 
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