198 
‘‘(11) ADDITIONALITY.—The Secretary should re-
quire each participant in the program to certify that 
any Federal funds received supplement, but do not 
supplant, private or third party participant funds or 
other contributions to program activities. 
‘‘(12) INDEPENDENT AUDITS.—If as a result of 
an evaluation or audit of activities of a participant 
under the program, the Secretary determines that a 
further review is justified in order to ensure compli-
ance with the requirements of the program, the Sec-
retary should require the participant to contract for 
an independent audit of the program activities, in-
cluding activities of any subcontractor. 
‘‘(13) TOBACCO.—No funds made available 
under the market promotion program may be used for 
activities to develop, maintain, or expand foreign 
markets for tobacco. 
‘‘(c) FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT COOPERATOR 
COMPONENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As one of the components of 
the International Market Development Program, the 
Secretary shall carry out a foreign market develop-
ment cooperator program to maintain and develop 
foreign markets for United States agricultural com-
modities. 
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‘‘(2) COOPERATION.—The Secretary shall carry 
out the foreign market development cooperator pro-
gram in cooperation with eligible trade organizations. 
‘‘(3) ADMINISTRATION.—Funds made available 
to carry out the foreign market development coop-
erator program shall be used only to provide— 
‘‘(A) cost-share assistance to an eligible 
trade organization under a contract or agree-
ment with the organization; and 
‘‘(B) assistance for other costs that are nec-
essary or appropriate to carry out the foreign 
market development cooperator program, includ-
ing contingent liabilities that are not otherwise 
funded. 
‘‘(4) PROGRAM CONSIDERATIONS.—In providing 
assistance under this subsection, the Secretary, to the 
maximum extent practicable, shall— 
‘‘(A) give equal consideration to— 
‘‘(i) proposals submitted by eligible 
trade organizations that were participating 
organizations in the foreign market develop-
ment cooperator program in prior fiscal 
years; and 
‘‘(ii) proposals submitted by eligible 
trade organizations that have not previously 
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participated in the foreign market develop-
ment cooperator program; and 
‘‘(B) give equal consideration to— 
‘‘(i) proposals submitted for activities 
in emerging markets; and 
‘‘(ii) proposals submitted for activities 
in markets other than emerging markets. 
‘‘(d) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR SPECIALTY CROPS 
COMPONENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As one of the components of 
the International Market Development Program, the 
Secretary shall carry out an export assistance pro-
gram to address existing or potential barriers that 
prohibit or threaten the export of United States spe-
cialty crops. 
‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The export assistance program 
required by this subsection shall provide direct assist-
ance through public and private sector projects and 
technical assistance to remove, resolve, or mitigate ex-
isting or potential sanitary and phytosanitary and 
technical barriers to trade. 
‘‘(3) PRIORITY.—The export assistance program 
required by this subsection shall address time sen-
sitive and strategic market access projects based on— 
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‘‘(A) trade effect on market retention, mar-
ket access, and market expansion; and 
‘‘(B) trade impact. 
‘‘(4) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Secretary shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress an an-
nual report that contains, for the period covered by 
the report, a description of each factor that affects the 
export of specialty crops, including each factor relat-
ing to any significant sanitary or phytosanitary 
issue or trade barrier. 
‘‘(e) E. (KIKA) DE LA GARZA EMERGING MARKETS 
PROGRAM COMPONENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The 
Secretary, in order to develop, maintain, or ex-
pand export markets for United States agricul-
tural commodities, is directed— 
‘‘(i) to make available to emerging 
markets the expertise of the United States to 
make assessments of the food and rural 
business systems needs of such emerging 
markets; 
‘‘(ii) to make recommendations on 
measures necessary to enhance the effective-
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202 
ness of the systems, including potential re-
ductions in trade barriers; and 
‘‘(iii) to identify and carry out specific 
opportunities and projects to enhance the ef-
fectiveness of those systems. 
‘‘(B) EXTENT OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary 
shall implement this paragraph with respect to 
at least 3 emerging markets in each fiscal year. 
‘‘(2) IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAM.—The Sec-
retary may implement the requirements of paragraph 
(1)— 
‘‘(A) by providing assistance to teams con-
sisting primarily of agricultural consultants, 
farmers, other persons from the private sector 
and government officials expert in assessing the 
food and rural business systems of other coun-
tries to enable such teams to conduct the assess-
ments, make the recommendations, and identify 
the opportunities and projects specified in such 
paragraph in emerging markets; and 
‘‘(B) by providing for necessary subsistence 
and transportation expenses of— 
‘‘(i) United States food and rural busi-
ness system experts, including United States 
agricultural producers and other United 
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203 
States individuals knowledgeable in agricul-
tural and agribusiness matters, to enable 
such United States food and rural business 
system experts to assist in transferring 
knowledge and expertise to entities in 
emerging markets; and 
‘‘(ii) individuals designated by emerg-
ing markets to enable such designated indi-
viduals to consult with such United States 
experts to enhance food and rural business 
systems of such emerging markets and to 
transfer knowledge and expertise to such 
emerging markets. 
‘‘(3) COST-SHARING.—The Secretary shall en-
courage the nongovernmental experts described in 
paragraph (2) to share the costs of, and otherwise as-
sist in, the participation of such experts in the pro-
gram under this paragraph. 
‘‘(4) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary is 
authorized to provide, or pay the necessary costs for, 
technical assistance (including the establishment of 
extension services) necessary to enhance the effective-
ness of food and rural business systems needs of 
emerging markets, including potential reductions in 
trade barriers. 
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204 
‘‘(5) REPORTS TO SECRETARY.—A team that re-
ceives assistance under paragraph (2) shall prepare 
such reports with respect to the use of such assistance 
as the Secretary may require. 
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE TRADE ORGANIZATION.— 
‘‘(A) MARKET
ACCESS
PROGRAM
COMPO-
NENT.—In subsection (b), the term ‘eligible trade 
organization’ means— 
‘‘(i) a United States agricultural trade 
organization or regional State-related orga-
nization that promotes the export and sale 
of United States agricultural commodities 
and that does not stand to profit directly 
from specific sales of United States agricul-
tural commodities; 
‘‘(ii) a cooperative organization or 
State agency that promotes the sale of 
United States agricultural commodities; or 
‘‘(iii) a private organization that pro-
motes the export and sale of United States 
agricultural commodities if the Secretary 
determines that such organization would 
significantly contribute to United States ex-
port market development. 
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205 
‘‘(B) FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT CO-
OPERATOR COMPONENT.—In subsection (c), the 
term ‘eligible trade organization’’ means a 
United States trade organization that— 
‘‘(i) promotes the export of one or more 
United States agricultural commodities; 
and 
‘‘(ii) does not have a business interest 
in or receive remuneration from specific 
sales of United States agricultural commod-
ities. 
‘‘(2) EMERGING MARKET.—The term ‘emerging 
market’ means any country that the Secretary deter-
mines— 
‘‘(A) is taking steps toward a market-ori-
ented economy through the food, agriculture, or 
rural business sectors of the economy of the coun-
try; and 
‘‘(B) has the potential to provide a viable 
and significant market for United States agri-
cultural commodities. 
‘‘(3) 
SMALL-BUSINESS
CONCERN.—The 
term 
‘small-business concern’ has the meaning given that 
term in section 3(a) of the Small Business Act (15 
U.S.C. 632(a)). 
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206 
‘‘(4) UNITED
STATES
AGRICULTURAL
COM-
MODITY.—The term ‘United States agricultural com-
modity’ has the meaning given the term in section 
102 of the Agriculture Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 
5602) and includes commodities that are organically 
produced (as defined in section 2103 of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6502)).’’. 
(b) FUNDING PROVISION.—Subsection (c) of section 
211 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5641) 
is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(c) INTERNATIONAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT PRO-
GRAM.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds of the Com-
modity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make 
available for the International Market Development 
Program under section 205 $255,000,000 for each of 
the fiscal years 2019 through 2023. Such amounts 
shall remain available until expended. 
‘‘(2) SET-ASIDES.— 
‘‘(A) MARKET
ACCESS
PROGRAM
COMPO-
NENT.—Of the funds made available under para-
graph (1) for a fiscal year, not less than 
$200,000,000 shall be used for the market access 
program component of the International Market 
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207 
Development Program under subsection (b) of 
section 205. 
‘‘(B) FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT CO-
OPERATOR
COMPONENT.—Of the funds made 
available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, 
not less than $34,500,000 shall be used for the 
foreign market development cooperator compo-
nent of the International Market Development 
Program under subsection (c) of section 205. 
‘‘(C) TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
FOR
SPE-
CIALTY CROPS COMPONENT.—Of the funds made 
available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, 
not more than $9,000,000, shall be used for the 
specialty crops component of the International 
Market Development Program under subsection 
(d) of section 205. 
‘‘(D) AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO EMERG-
ING MARKETS COMPONENT.—Of the funds made 
available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, 
not more than $10,000,000 shall be used to pro-
mote agricultural exports to emerging markets 
under the International Market Development 
Program under subsection (e) of section 205.’’. 
(c) REPEAL OF SUPERSEDED PROGRAMS.— 
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(1) MARKET ACCESS PROGRAM.—Section 203 of 
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623) 
is repealed. 
(2) PROMOTIONAL ASSISTANCE.—Section 1302 of 
the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 is re-
pealed. 
(3) FOREIGN
MARKET
DEVELOPMENT
COOP-
ERATOR
PROGRAM.—Title VII of the Agricultural 
Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5721–5723) is repealed. 
(4) EXPORT
ASSISTANCE
PROGRAM
FOR
SPE-
CIALTY CROPS.—Section 3205 of the Farm Security 
and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 5680) is 
repealed. 
(5) EMERGING
MARKETS
PROGRAM.—Section 
1542 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5622 note; Public Law 
101–624) is amended by striking subsection (d) and 
by redesignating subsection (e) and (f) as subsections 
(d) and (e), respectively. 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) AGRICULTURAL
TRADE
ACT
OF
1978.—The 
Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 is amended— 
(A) in section 202 (7 U.S.C. 5622), by add-
ing at the end the following new subsection: 
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209 
‘‘(k) COMBINATION OF PROGRAMS.—The Commodity 
Credit Corporation may carry out a program under which 
commercial export credit guarantees available under this 
section are combined with direct credits from the Com-
modity Credit Corporation under section 201 to reduce the 
effective rate of interest on export sales of United States 
agricultural commodities.’’; and 
(B) 
in 
section 
402(a)(1) 
(7 
U.S.C. 
5662(a)(1)), by striking ‘‘203’’ and inserting 
‘‘205(b)’’. 
(2) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946.— 
Section 282(f)(2)(C) of the Agricultural Marketing 
Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638a(f)(2)(C)) is amended by 
striking ‘‘section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623)’’ and inserting ‘‘section 205 of 
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978’’. 
(3) FOOD, AGRICULTURE, CONSERVATION, AND 
TRADE ACT OF 1990.—Section 1543(b)(5) of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
U.S.C. 3293(b)(5)) is amended by striking ‘‘1542(f)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘1542(e)’’. 
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210 
Subtitle C—Other Agricultural 
Trade Laws 
SEC. 3201. LOCAL AND REGIONAL FOOD AID PROCUREMENT 
PROJECTS. 
Section 3206(e)(1) of the Food, Conservation, and En-
ergy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 1726c(e)(1)) is amended by 
striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting ‘‘2023’’. 
SEC. 3202. PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO 
EMERGING MARKETS. 
Section 1542(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conserva-
tion, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5622 note; Public 
Law 101–624) is amended by striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting 
‘‘2023’’. 
SEC. 3203. BILL EMERSON HUMANITARIAN TRUST ACT. 
Section 302 of the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f–1) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(2)(B)(i), by striking ‘‘2018’’ 
each place it appears and inserting ‘‘2023’’; and 
(2) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘2018’’ each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘2023’’. 
SEC. 3204. FOOD FOR PROGRESS ACT OF 1985. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Section 1110 of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (also known as the Food for Progress Act of 
1985; 7 U.S.C. 1736o) is amended— 
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212 
SEC. 3205. MCGOVERN-DOLE INTERNATIONAL FOOD FOR 
EDUCATION AND CHILD NUTRITION PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) 
CONSIDERATION
OF
PROPOSALS.—Section 
3107(f)(1)(B) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 1736o–1(f)(1)(B)) is amended by in-
serting before the semicolon the following: ‘‘and, to the ex-
tent practicable, that assistance will be provided on a time-
ly basis so as to coincide with the beginning of and when 
needed during the relevant school year’’. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
3107(l)(2) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 
of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 1736o–1(l)(2)) is amended by striking 
‘‘2018’’ and inserting ‘‘2023’’. 
SEC. 3206. COCHRAN FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. 
(a) AUTHORIZED LOCATIONS FOR TRAINING.—Section 
1543(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘for 
study in the United States.’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘for study— 
‘‘(1) in the United States; or 
‘‘(2) at a college or university located in an eli-
gible country that the Secretary determines— 
‘‘(A) has sufficient scientific and technical 
facilities; 
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213 
‘‘(B) has established a partnership with at 
least one college or university in the United 
States; and 
‘‘(C) has substantial participation by fac-
ulty members of the United States college or uni-
versity in the design of the fellowship curriculum 
and classroom instruction under the fellowship.’’. 
(b) FELLOWSHIP PURPOSES.—Section 1543(c)(2) of 
the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 
(7 U.S.C. 3293(c)(2)) is amended by inserting before the 
period at the end the following: ‘‘, including trade linkages 
involving regulatory systems governing sanitary and phyto- 
sanitary standards for agricultural products’’. 
SEC. 3207. BORLAUG FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. 
Section 1473G of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
3319j) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 1473G. BORLAUG INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL 
SCIENCE 
AND 
TECHNOLOGY 
FELLOWSHIP 
PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish a fellowship program, to be known as the 
‘Borlaug International Agricultural Science and 
Technology Fellowship Program’. 
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‘‘(2) FELLOWSHIPS TO INDIVIDUALS FROM ELIGI-
BLE COUNTRIES.—As part of the fellowship program, 
the Secretary shall provide fellowships to individuals 
from eligible countries as described in subsection (b) 
who specialize in agricultural education, research, 
and extension for scientific training and study de-
signed to assist individual fellowship recipients, in-
cluding the following 3 programs: 
‘‘(A) A graduate studies program in agri-
culture to assist individuals who participate in 
graduate agricultural degree training at a 
United States institution. 
‘‘(B) An individual career improvement 
program to assist agricultural scientists from de-
veloping countries in upgrading skills and un-
derstanding in agricultural science and tech-
nology. 
‘‘(C) A Borlaug agricultural policy execu-
tive leadership course to assist senior agricul-
tural policy makers from eligible countries, with 
an initial focus on individuals from sub-Saha-
ran Africa and the independent states of the 
former Soviet Union. 
‘‘(3) FELLOWSHIPS
TO
UNITED
STATES
CITI-
ZENS.—As part of the fellowship program, the Sec-
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215 
retary shall provide fellowships to citizens of the 
United States to assist eligible countries in developing 
school-based agricultural education and youth exten-
sion programs. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE COUNTRY DESCRIBED.—For purposes 
of this section, an eligible country is a developing country, 
as determined by the Secretary using a gross national in-
come per capita test selected by the Secretary. 
‘‘(c) PURPOSE OF FELLOWSHIPS.— 
‘‘(1) FELLOWSHIPS TO INDIVIDUALS FROM ELIGI-
BLE COUNTRIES.—A fellowship provided under sub-
section (a)(2) shall— 
‘‘(A) promote food security and economic 
growth in eligible countries by— 
‘‘(i) educating a new generation of ag-
ricultural scientists; 
‘‘(ii) increasing scientific knowledge 
and collaborative research to improve agri-
cultural productivity; and 
‘‘(iii) extending that knowledge to users 
and intermediaries in the marketplace; and 
‘‘(B) support— 
‘‘(i) training and collaborative re-
search opportunities through exchanges for 
entry level international agricultural re-
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216 
search scientists, faculty, and policymakers 
from eligible countries; 
‘‘(ii) collaborative research to improve 
agricultural productivity; 
‘‘(iii) the transfer of new science and 
agricultural technologies to strengthen agri-
cultural practice; and 
‘‘(iv) the reduction of barriers to tech-
nology adoption. 
‘‘(2) FELLOWSHIPS
TO
UNITED
STATES
CITI-
ZENS.—A fellowship provided under subsection (a)(3) 
shall— 
‘‘(A) develop globally minded United States 
agriculturists with experience living abroad; 
‘‘(B) focus on meeting the food and fiber 
needs of the domestic population of eligible coun-
tries; and 
‘‘(C) strengthen and enhance trade linkages 
between eligible countries and the United States 
agricultural industry. 
‘‘(d) FELLOWSHIP RECIPIENTS.— 
‘‘(1) FELLOWSHIPS TO INDIVIDUALS FROM ELIGI-
BLE COUNTRIES.— 
‘‘(A) ELIGIBLE
CANDIDATES.—The Sec-
retary may provide fellowships under subsection 
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217 
(a)(2) to individuals from eligible countries who 
specialize or have experience in agricultural edu-
cation, research, extension, or related fields, in-
cluding— 
‘‘(i) individuals from the public and 
private sectors; and 
‘‘(ii) private agricultural producers. 
‘‘(B) CANDIDATE IDENTIFICATION.—For fel-
lowships under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary 
shall use the expertise of United States land- 
grant colleges and universities and similar uni-
versities, international organizations working in 
agricultural research and outreach, and national 
agricultural research organizations to help iden-
tify program candidates for fellowships from the 
public and private sectors of eligible countries. 
‘‘(C) LOCATION
OF
TRAINING.—The sci-
entific training or study of fellowship recipients 
under subsection (a)(2) shall occur— 
‘‘(i) in the United States; or 
‘‘(ii) at a college or university located 
in an eligible country that the Secretary de-
termines— 
‘‘(I) has sufficient scientific and 
technical facilities; 
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218 
‘‘(II) has established a partner-
ship with at least one college or univer-
sity in the United States; and 
‘‘(III) has substantial participa-
tion by faculty members of the United 
States college or university in the de-
sign of the fellowship curriculum and 
classroom instruction under the fellow-
ship. 
‘‘(2) FELLOWSHIPS
TO
UNITED
STATES
CITI-
ZENS.— 
‘‘(A) ELIGIBLE
CANDIDATES.—The Sec-
retary may provide fellowships under subsection 
(a)(3) to citizens of the United States who— 
‘‘(i) hold at least a bachelors degree in 
an agricultural related field of study; and 
‘‘(ii) have an understanding of United 
States school-based agricultural education 
and youth extension programs, as deter-
mined by the Secretary. 
‘‘(B) CANDIDATE IDENTIFICATION.—For fel-
lowships under subsection (a)(3), the Secretary 
shall consult with the National FFA Organiza-
tion, the National 4–H Council, and other enti-
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219 
ties as the Secretary deems appropriate to iden-
tify candidates for fellowships. 
‘‘(e) PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary 
shall provide for the management, coordination, evaluation, 
and monitoring of the Borlaug International Agricultural 
Science and Technology Fellowship Program and for the 
individual programs described in subsection (a), except 
that— 
‘‘(1) the Secretary may contract out to 1 or more 
collaborating universities the management of 1 or 
more of the fellowship programs under subsection 
(a)(2); and 
‘‘(2) the Secretary may contract out the manage-
ment of the fellowship program under subsection 
(a)(3) to an outside organization with experience in 
implementing fellowship programs focused on build-
ing capacity for school-based agricultural education 
and youth extension programs in developing coun-
tries. 
‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated $6,000,000 to carry out this section. 
‘‘(2) SET-ASIDES.—Of any funds made available 
pursuant to paragraph (1), not less than $2,800,000 
shall be used to carry out the fellowship program for 
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individuals from eligible countries under subsection 
(a)(2). 
‘‘(3) DURATION.—Any funds made available 
pursuant to paragraph (1) shall remain available 
until expended.’’. 
SEC. 3208. GLOBAL CROP DIVERSITY TRUST. 
(a) UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTION LIMIT.—Section 
3202(b) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(22 U.S.C. 2220a note; Public Law 110–246(b)) is amended 
by striking ‘‘25 percent’’ and inserting ‘‘33 percent’’. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
3202(c) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(Public Law 110–246; 22 U.S.C. 2220a note) is amended 
by striking ‘‘for the period of fiscal years 2014 through 
2018’’ and inserting ‘‘for the period of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023’’. 
SEC. 3209. GROWING AMERICAN FOOD EXPORTS ACT OF 
2018. 
Section 1543A of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5679) is amended to read 
as follows: 
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‘‘SEC. 1543A. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND AGRICULTURAL TRADE 
PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the De-
partment of Agriculture a program to be known as the ‘Bio-
technology and Agricultural Trade Program’. 
‘‘(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the program estab-
lished under this section shall be to remove, resolve, or miti-
gate significant regulatory nontariff barriers to the export 
of United States agricultural commodities into foreign mar-
kets through policy advocacy and targeted projects that ad-
dress— 
‘‘(1) issues relating to United States agricultural 
commodities produced with the use of biotechnology or 
new agricultural production technologies; 
‘‘(2) advocacy for science-based regulation in for-
eign markets of biotechnology or new agricultural 
production technologies; or 
‘‘(3) quick-response intervention regarding non- 
tariff barriers to United States exports produced 
through biotechnology or new agricultural production 
technologies. 
‘‘(c) ELIGIBLE PROGRAMS.—Depending on need, as 
determined by the Secretary, activities authorized under 
this section may be carried out through— 
‘‘(1) this section; 
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‘‘(2) the emerging markets program under sec-
tion 1542; or 
‘‘(3) the Cochran Fellowship Program under sec-
tion 1543.’’. 
TITLE IV—NUTRITION 
Subtitle A—Supplemental Nutrition 
Assistance Program 
SEC. 4001. DUPLICATIVE ENROLLMENT DATABASE. 
(a) EXPANSION OF THE DUPLICATIVE ENROLLMENT 
DATABASE.—The Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2011 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 30. DUPLICATIVE ENROLLMENT DATABASE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish an 
interstate database, or system of databases, of supplemental 
nutrition assistance program information to be known as 
the Duplicative Enrollment Database that shall include the 
data submitted by each State pursuant to section 11(e)(26) 
and that shall meet security standards as determined by 
the Secretary. 
‘‘(b) PURPOSE.—Any database, or system of databases, 
established pursuant to subsection (a) shall be used by 
States when making eligibility determinations to prevent 
supplemental nutrition assistance program participants 
from receiving duplicative benefits in multiple States. 
‘‘(c) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
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‘‘(1) ISSUANCE
OF
INTERIM
FINAL
REGULA-
TIONS.—Not later than 18 months after the effective 
date of this section, the Secretary shall issue interim 
final regulations to carry out this section that— 
‘‘(A) incorporate best practices and lessons 
learned from the regional pilot project referenced 
in section 4032(c) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 2036c(c)); 
‘‘(B) protect the privacy of supplemental 
nutrition assistance program participants and 
applicants consistent with section 11(e)(8); and 
‘‘(C) detail the process States will be re-
quired to follow for— 
‘‘(i) conducting initial and ongoing 
matches of participant and applicant data; 
‘‘(ii) identifying and acting on all ap-
parent instances of duplicative participa-
tion by participants or applicants in mul-
tiple States; 
‘‘(iii) disenrolling an individual who 
has applied to participate in another State 
in a manner sufficient to allow the State in 
which the individual is currently applying 
to comply with sections 11(e)(3) and (9); 
and 
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‘‘(iv) complying with such other rules 
and standards the Secretary determines ap-
propriate to carry out this section. 
‘‘(2) TIMING.—The initial match and cor-
responding actions required by paragraph (1)(C) 
shall occur within 3 years after the date of the enact-
ment of the Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018. 
‘‘(d) REPORTS.—Using the data submitted to the Du-
plicative Enrollment Database, the Secretary shall publish 
an annual report analyzing supplemental nutrition assist-
ance program participant characteristics, including partic-
ipant tenure on the program. The report shall be made 
available to the public in a manner that prevents identifica-
tion of participants that receive supplemental nutrition as-
sistance program benefits.’’. 
(b) STATE DATA COLLECTION AND SUBMISSION RE-
QUIREMENTS.—Section 11(e) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (24) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end, 
(2) in paragraph (25) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’, and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(26) that the State agency shall collect and sub-
mit supplemental nutrition assistance program data 
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to the Duplicative Enrollment Database established in 
section 30, in accordance with guidance or rules 
issued by the Secretary establishing a uniform method 
and format for the collection and submission of data, 
including for each member of a participating house-
hold— 
‘‘(A) the social security number or the social 
security number substitute; 
‘‘(B) the employment status of such member; 
‘‘(C) the amount of income and whether 
that income is earned or unearned; 
‘‘(D) that member’s portion of the household 
monthly allotment, and 
‘‘(E) the portion of the aggregate value of 
household assets attributed to that member.’’. 
SEC. 4002. RETAILER-FUNDED INCENTIVES PILOT. 
The Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 
et seq.), as amended by section 4001, is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 31. RETAILER-FUNDED INCENTIVES PILOT. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 
pilot project in accordance with subsection (d) through 
which participating retail food stores provide bonuses to 
participating households based on household purchases of 
fruits, vegetables, and fluid milk. 
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‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section— 
‘‘(1) The term ‘bonus’ means a financial incen-
tive provided at the point of sale to a participating 
household that expends a portion of its allotment for 
the purchase of fruits, vegetables, or fluid milk. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘fluid milk’ means cow milk with-
out flavoring or sweeteners and packaged in liquid 
form. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘fruits’ means minimally proc-
essed fruits. 
‘‘(4) The term ‘retail food store’ means a retail 
food store as defined in section 3(o)(1) that is author-
ized to accept and redeem benefits under the supple-
mental nutrition assistance program. 
‘‘(5) The term ‘vegetables’ means minimally 
processed vegetables. 
‘‘(c) PROJECT PARTICIPANT PLANS.—To participate 
in the pilot project established under subsection (a), a retail 
food store shall submit to the Secretary for approval a plan 
that includes— 
‘‘(1) a method of quantifying the cost of fruits, 
vegetables, and fluid milk, that will earn households 
a bonus; 
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‘‘(2) a method of providing bonuses to partici-
pating households and adequately testing such meth-
od; 
‘‘(3) a method of ensuring bonuses earned by 
households may be used only to purchase food eligible 
for purchase under the supplemental nutrition assist-
ance program; 
‘‘(4) a method of educating participating house-
holds about the availability and use of a bonus; 
‘‘(5) a method of providing data and reports, as 
requested by the Secretary, for purposes of analyzing 
the impact of the pilot project established under sub-
section (a) on household access, ease of bonus use, and 
program integrity; and 
‘‘(6) such other criteria, including security cri-
teria, as established by the Secretary. 
‘‘(d) PILOT PROJECT REQUIREMENTS.—Retail food 
stores with plans approved under subsection (c) to partici-
pate in the pilot project established under subsection (a) 
shall— 
‘‘(1) provide a bonus in a dollar amount not to 
exceed 10 percent of the price of the purchased fruits, 
vegetables, and fluid milk; 
‘‘(2) fund the dollar amount of bonuses used by 
households, and pay for administrative costs, such as 
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SEC. 7304. GRANTS FOR YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS. 
Section 410(d)(2) of the Agricultural Research, Exten-
sion, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7630(d)(2)) is amended by striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting 
‘‘2023’’. 
SEC. 7305. SPECIALTY CROP RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
(a) ELEMENTS OF INITIATIVE.—Section 412(b) of the 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform 
Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) in subparagraph (E), by adding ‘‘and’’ 
at the end; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) size-controlling rootstock systems for 
perennial crops;’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘including threats to spe-
cialty crop pollinators;’’ and inserting the fol-
lowing: ‘‘including— 
‘‘(A) threats to specialty crop pollinators; 
and’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph: 
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