I 
110TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6537 
To reauthorize and amend the National Marine Sanctuaries Act to establish 
a National Marine Sanctuary System, to strengthen and clarify manage-
ment authorities, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 17, 2008 
Ms. BORDALLO
(for herself, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. 
FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. FARR, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mrs. 
CHRISTENSEN, Ms. LEE, Mr. FORTUN˜O, Ms. HIRONO, and Mr. KLEIN 
of Florida) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Natural Resources 
A BILL 
To reauthorize and amend the National Marine Sanctuaries 
Act to establish a National Marine Sanctuary System, 
to strengthen and clarify management authorities, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Sanctuary Enhance-
ment Act of 2008’’. 
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SEC. 2. REFERENCES. 
Except as otherwise expressly provided, whenever in 
this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms 
of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provi-
sion, the reference shall be considered to be made to such 
section or other provision of the National Marine Sanc-
tuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.). 
SEC. 3. CLARIFICATION OF FINDINGS, PURPOSES, AND 
POLICIES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Section 301(a) (16 U.S.C. 1431(a)) 
is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
paragraphs (5) and (6), respectively, and by insert-
ing after paragraph (2) the following: 
‘‘(3) the marine environment consists of numer-
ous ecoregions and ecosystems, the boundaries of 
which are based on geomorphologic and oceano-
graphic processes and the distribution of living and 
nonliving resources in the marine environment; 
‘‘(4) scientific research has confirmed the value 
of protected areas in the ocean, which serve to— 
‘‘(A) increase the number, biomass, den-
sity, and diversity of living resources both in-
side and outside the protected areas; 
‘‘(B) maintain ecosystems that are resist-
ant and resilient to a variety of environmental 
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threats such as global climate change, pollution, 
coastal development, habitat alteration, and 
overfishing; and 
‘‘(C) create spillover and export of eggs, 
larvae, and juvenile and adult fish, shellfish, 
and plants which can repopulate adjacent 
areas;’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated) by 
striking ‘‘managed’’ and inserting ‘‘and manages 
them, together with marine national monuments,’’. 
(b) PURPOSES AND POLICIES.—Section 301(b) (16 
U.S.C. 1431(b)) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(b) PURPOSES AND POLICIES.—The purposes and 
policies of this title are— 
‘‘(1) to identify and designate as national ma-
rine sanctuaries areas of the marine environment 
that are of special national significance; 
‘‘(2) to manage the System with the primary 
purpose being the long-term protection and con-
servation of the living and nonliving resources of the 
System; 
‘‘(3) to include within the System areas that 
collectively represent the full range of the Nation’s 
marine ecoregions, ecological communities and 
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unique habitats, and diverse maritime heritage re-
sources; 
‘‘(4) to provide authority for comprehensive and 
coordinated protection, conservation, and adaptive 
management of the System, and the activities there-
in affecting the System, in a manner that supports 
ecosystem-based management and recognizes exist-
ing regulatory authorities and uncertainties in our 
scientific understanding of the marine environment; 
‘‘(5) to maintain the natural biological commu-
nities in the national marine sanctuaries, and to pro-
tect, and, where appropriate, restore and recover 
natural habitats, populations, and ecological proc-
esses; 
‘‘(6) to enhance public awareness, under-
standing, appreciation, and sustainable use of the 
marine environment, and the natural, historical, cul-
tural, and archeological resources of the System; 
‘‘(7) to support, promote, and coordinate sci-
entific research on, and long-term monitoring of, the 
resources of the System; 
‘‘(8) to the extent compatible with the primary 
purpose of resource protection, to allow the regu-
lated public and private uses of the resources of the 
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System that are not prohibited pursuant to this title 
or other authorities; 
‘‘(9) to develop and implement coordinated 
plans for the protection and management of areas in 
the System with appropriate Federal agencies, State 
and local governments, Indian tribes, Regional Fish-
ery Management Councils, and international organi-
zations, and other public and private stakeholders 
concerned with the continuing health and resilience 
of the System; 
‘‘(10) to create models of, and incentives for, 
ways to conserve and manage System resources, in-
cluding the application of adaptive or innovative 
management techniques, such as the utilization of 
zoning or other temporal or spatial strategies, in-
cluding use of marine reserves; and 
‘‘(11) to cooperate with global programs en-
couraging conservation of marine resources.’’. 
SEC. 4. COMPONENTS AND MISSION OF NATIONAL MARINE 
SANCTUARY SYSTEM. 
Section 301(c) (16 U.S.C. 1431(c)) is amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(c) ESTABLISHMENT AND MISSION OF NATIONAL 
MARINE SANCTUARY SYSTEM.— 
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‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established 
the National Marine Sanctuary System, which shall 
be managed by the Secretary through the Office of 
National Marine Sanctuaries and consist of— 
‘‘(A) national marine sanctuaries des-
ignated by the Secretary in accordance with 
this title or authorized or established by an Act 
of Congress; and 
‘‘(B) marine national monuments. 
‘‘(2) MISSION.—The mission of the System is 
to protect, conserve, preserve, restore, and recover 
the biodiversity, ecological integrity, and cultural 
legacy of the living and nonliving resources within 
the System for the benefit of present and future 
generations.’’. 
SEC. 5. AMENDMENTS TO DEFINITIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 302 (16 U.S.C. 1432) is 
amended by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon at the end 
of paragraph (9), by striking the period at the end of para-
graph (10) and inserting a semicolon, and by adding at 
the end the following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(11) ‘Indian tribe’ has the same meaning 
given that term in section 4 of the Indian Self-De-
termination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 450b); 
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‘‘(12) ‘marine ecoregion’ means a large area of 
the marine environment that contains a geographi-
cally distinct assemblage of natural communities 
that— 
‘‘(A) share a large majority of their species 
and ecological processes; 
‘‘(B) share similar environmental condi-
tions; and 
‘‘(C) interact ecologically in ways that are 
critical for their long-term persistence; 
‘‘(13) ‘marine national monument’ means a na-
tional monument or any portion thereof established 
by the President pursuant to the Act of June 8, 
1906 (chapter 3060; 16 U.S.C. 431), popularly 
known as the Antiquities Act of 1906, that is— 
‘‘(A) assigned as a management responsi-
bility of the Secretary; and 
‘‘(B) managed as a unit within the System; 
‘‘(14) ‘maritime heritage resource’ means any 
shipwreck or other site or object that is of archae-
ological, historical, or cultural significance found in, 
on, or under the seabed of the marine environment 
of the United States; and 
‘‘(15) ‘System resource’ means any living or 
nonliving resource of the System that contributes to 
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the conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, 
educational, cultural, archeological, scientific, or aes-
thetic value of the System.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Such section is 
further amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘sanctuary resource’’ each place 
it appears and inserting ‘‘System resource’’; 
(2) by striking ‘‘sanctuary resources’’ each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘System resources’’; 
and 
(3) in section 302(6)(C) (16 U.S.C. 1432) by 
striking ‘‘resources,’’ and inserting ‘‘System re-
sources;’’. 
SEC. 6. LIVING AND NONLIVING RESOURCE CLASSIFICA-
TION, IDENTIFICATION, AND INVENTORY. 
Section 303 (16 U.S.C. 1433) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsections: 
‘‘(c) LIVING
AND NONLIVING RESOURCE CLASSI-
FICATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND INVENTORY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pre-
pare an ecological classification of the Nation’s ma-
rine environment and an identification of maritime 
heritage resources, and maintain and update such 
classification as a national inventory of marine 
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ecoregions and maritime heritage resources under 
the jurisdiction of the United States. 
‘‘(2) METHODOLOGIES
AND
GUIDELINES.— 
Within 12 months after the date of enactment of 
this subsection, the Secretary, in consultation with 
other Federal agencies, coastal states, Indian tribes, 
Regional Fishery Management Councils and other 
regional organizations, and other nongovernmental 
scientific, professional, conservation, archaeological, 
and cultural resource organizations, and other advi-
sors with relevant expertise and data as the Sec-
retary considers necessary, shall develop and adopt 
appropriate methodologies and guidelines for the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(A) CLASSIFICATION OF ECOREGIONS.— 
Classification of specific marine ecoregions, in-
cluding ecological subunits, and identification of 
nationally significant marine resources and bio-
logical communities therein, based upon the 
best available scientific information. 
‘‘(B) 
MARITIME
HERITAGE
RESOURCE 
IDENTIFICATION.—Identification of nonliving 
submerged archaeological, historical, and cul-
tural resources, in a manner that— 
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‘‘(i) is consistent with other relevant 
Federal and State laws and regulations 
and utilize to the greatest extent prac-
ticable existing information; and 
‘‘(ii) allows for the Secretary to with-
hold such information if the public release 
of such information could threaten or jeop-
ardize the long-term protection, preserva-
tion, conservation, or stewardship of any 
maritime heritage resource. 
‘‘(3) REPORT.—Within three years after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
submit a report to the Congress that includes— 
‘‘(A) charts, maps, and other scientific, ar-
chaeological, 
historical, 
hydrographic, 
geo-
graphic, ecological, biological, oceanographic, or 
other information that classify or identify with-
in the exclusive economic zone, in accordance 
with the guidelines and methodologies adopted 
under paragraph (2)— 
‘‘(i) all marine ecoregions; and 
‘‘(ii) maritime heritage resource areas; 
‘‘(B) identification of areas of the marine 
environment of the exclusive economic zone that 
could not be classified due to a lack of scientific 
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data necessary to meet the methodology and 
guidelines developed under paragraph (2)(A); 
and 
‘‘(C) other relevant information the Sec-
retary considers necessary to identify and de-
scribe marine ecoregions and marine heritage 
resource areas of the exclusive economic zone. 
‘‘(4) 
REPORT
REVISIONS.—The 
Secretary 
shall— 
‘‘(A) provide for the regular review and re-
assessment of the classification methodologies 
and guidelines and identification of marine 
ecoregions and maritime heritage resource 
areas; and 
‘‘(B) based upon new scientific information 
and analysis, submit to Congress revised re-
ports as the Secretary determines necessary. 
‘‘(d) SITE SELECTION REPORT AND LIST.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—No later than one year 
after the date of submittal of the report required 
under subsection (c), the Secretary, in consultation 
with other Federal agencies, States, Indian tribes, 
Regional Fishery Management Councils, academic, 
scientific, professional or conservation, organiza-
tions, and other stakeholders, shall issue a report 
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identifying discrete areas of the marine environment 
within the territorial waters of the United States 
that the Secretary may consider for potential des-
ignation as marine sanctuaries. The report shall in-
clude— 
‘‘(A) sites representing the spectrum of 
various classifications of marine ecoregions, 
subunits, biological communities, and habitats; 
‘‘(B) sites representing maritime heritage 
resource areas; 
‘‘(C) the best available scientific, archae-
ological, historical, and other information re-
garding the status and condition of marine re-
sources that would benefit from designation as 
a national marine sanctuary; and 
‘‘(D) a site selection list that identifies and 
justifies priority sites for active consideration 
by the Secretary for designation as national 
marine sanctuaries pursuant to this section and 
section 304. 
‘‘(2) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall update 
the site selection list under paragraph (1)(D) no 
later than five years after the date of publication of 
the initial report required under this subsection and 
every five years thereafter. 
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‘‘(e) SYSTEM EXPANSION GOAL.—In order to fulfill 
the purposes of this title, the Secretary shall strive to 
achieve the goal of including in the System by 2030, that 
number of sites that will incorporate a full range of the 
Nation’s marine ecoregions and rare and unique marine 
habitats, and a full range of maritime heritage resource 
areas. The Secretary shall report to the Congress on 
progress toward this goal, with such explanation as may 
be necessary and appropriate, no later than January 15 
of 2011 and of every second year thereafter.’’. 
SEC. 7. REVISIONS TO DESIGNATION PROCEDURES. 
(a) FISHING REGULATIONS.—Section 304 (16 U.S.C. 
1434) is amended in subsection (a) by striking paragraph 
(5) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(5) FISHING REGULATIONS.—If the Secretary 
determines that it is necessary to regulate any fish-
ing activities within a proposed sanctuary to meet 
the mission of the System and the purposes under 
this title, the Secretary shall include in the sanc-
tuary designation documents under paragraph (2) 
regulations for such activities, that are— 
‘‘(A) compatible with the purposes of the 
sanctuary; 
‘‘(B) compatible with the mission of the 
System and the purposes of this title; and 
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‘‘(C) approved or prepared by the Sec-
retary in accordance with section 308(b).’’. 
(b) DEADLINES.—Section 304 (16 U.S.C. 1434) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(6), in the second sentence, 
by striking ‘‘forty-five day period of continuous ses-
sion of Congress’’ and inserting ‘‘60-calendar-day 
period’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)(1)— 
(A) in the third sentence, by ‘‘30 months’’ 
and inserting ‘‘24 months’’; and 
(B) in the fifth sentence, by striking 
‘‘forty-five days of continuous session of Con-
gress’’ and inserting ‘‘60 calendar days’’; and 
(3) by striking subsection (b)(3). 
(c) EFFECTIVENESS
OF
DESIGNATION.—Section 
304(b)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1434(b)(2)) is amended by inserting 
‘‘as unacceptable’’ after ‘‘not certified’’. 
(d) REVIEW OF MANAGEMENT PLANS.—Section 304 
(16 U.S.C. 1434) is further amended— 
(1) by striking subsections (c) and (d), and re-
designating subsection (e) as subsection (c); and 
(2) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated)— 
(A) in the first sentence— 
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(i) by striking ‘‘five years’’ the first 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘seven 
years’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘five years’’ the second 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘ten years’’; 
(B) in the first sentence, by inserting ‘‘or 
marine national monument’’ after ‘‘sanctuary’’; 
and 
(C) by amending the second sentence to 
read as follows: ‘‘This review shall include a 
prioritization of management objectives, and a 
review, in consultation with the appropriate Re-
gional Fishery Management Councils, States 
and Indian tribes, regarding the impacts of 
fishing activities on other System resources and 
the adequacy and effectiveness of fishing regu-
lations within the sanctuary or marine national 
monument.’’. 
(e) REPEAL OF LIMITATION ON DESIGNATION OF 
NEW NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARIES.—Section 304(f) 
(16 U.S.C. 1434(f)) is repealed. 
SEC. 8. INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS. 
Section 305(b) (16 U.S.C. 1435(b)) is amended by 
striking ‘‘any national marine sanctuary and to promote 
the purposes for which the sanctuary is established’’ and 
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inserting ‘‘any unit within the System and to promote the 
purposes for which the unit is established. In the case of 
a jointly managed Marine National Monument, the Sec-
retary of State shall also consult with any other Federal 
or non-Federal government agencies and officials that are 
co-trustees for such Marine National Monument.’’. 
SEC. 
9. 
CLARIFYING 
PROHIBITED 
ACTIVITIES 
AND 
STRENGTHENING ENFORCEMENT. 
(a) PROHIBITED
ACTIVITIES.—Section 306 (16 
U.S.C. 1436) is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(1) destroy, cause the loss of, or injure any 
System resource managed under law or regulations 
for a sanctuary or marine national monument;’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘sanctuary re-
source’’ and inserting ‘‘System resource’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3)(C)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘knowingly and willfully’’; 
and 
(B) by inserting after ‘‘title’’ the second 
place it appears the following: ‘‘or any false in-
formation in a report or a permit application 
submitted pursuant to regulations adopted 
under section 308’’. 
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(4) by striking ‘‘or’’ after the semicolon at the 
end of paragraph (3)(C), by striking the period at 
the end of paragraph (4) and inserting ‘‘: or’’, and 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) in any area administered as part of the 
System— 
‘‘(A) directly discharge into a sanctuary or 
marine national monument sewage effluent or 
solid waste resulting from less than secondary 
treatment, other than— 
‘‘(i) fish, fish parts, and chumming 
materials resulting from, and while con-
ducting otherwise lawful, fishing activities; 
or 
‘‘(ii) biodegradable effluents or mate-
rials incidental to vessel use and mainte-
nance that comply with otherwise applica-
ble Federal standards; 
‘‘(B) disturb or remove maritime heritage 
resources; 
‘‘(C) explore for, lease, develop, produce, or 
extract mineral resources; 
‘‘(D) disturb, construct on, or alter the 
seabed, including— 
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‘‘(i) engaging in bottom trawling in a 
sanctuary designated before January 1, 
2009, unless the Secretary has determines 
that such activity can be conducted in a 
manner that does not violate paragraph 
(1); and 
‘‘(ii) engaging in bottom trawling in a 
sanctuary designated on or after that date; 
‘‘(E) release toxic or hazardous materials; 
‘‘(F) detonate explosives; or 
‘‘(G) intentionally introduce or release non- 
native species.’’. 
(b) STRENGTHENING ENFORCEMENT.—Section 307 
(16 U.S.C. 1437) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(2) by striking ‘‘sanctuary 
resource’’ and inserting ‘‘System resource’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)(1)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘(other than a foreign 
government or any entity of such a govern-
ment)’’ after ‘‘A person’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘knowingly’’ after ‘‘if the 
person’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)(2) by striking ‘‘6 months’’ 
and inserting ‘‘2 years’’; 
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(4) in subsection (d)(1) by striking ‘‘$100,000’’ 
and inserting ‘‘$250,000’’; 
(5) in subsection (e)(1) by striking ‘‘sanctuary 
resource’’ and inserting ‘‘System resource’’; 
(6) in subsection (e)(3) by striking ‘‘(3) DIS-
POSAL OF SANCTUARY RESOURCES.—Any sanctuary 
resource’’ and inserting ‘‘(3) DISPOSAL OF SYSTEM 
RESOURCES.—Any System resource’’; 
(7) in subsection (e)(4) by inserting ‘‘or System 
resources’’ after ‘‘sanctuary resources’’; and 
(8) in subsection (j) by striking ‘‘sanctuary re-
source’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘System 
resource’’. 
SEC. 10. CONSOLIDATION OF REGULATIONS. 
Section 308 (16 U.S.C. 1439) is amended to read as 
follows: 
‘‘SEC. 308. REGULATIONS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may issue such 
regulations as may be necessary to carry out this title. 
Such regulations may apply to— 
‘‘(1) a national marine sanctuary; 
‘‘(2) a marine national monument; or 
‘‘(3) the System. 
‘‘(b) FISHING REGULATIONS.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If the Secretary determines 
that regulations for fishing activities are necessary 
for the designation of a new sanctuary or to manage 
fishing activities within an existing or proposed 
sanctuary or a marine national monument, if appli-
cable under the terms of its designation by the 
President, to protect System resources, the Sec-
retary shall notify and request the appropriate Re-
gional Fishery Management Council (in this sub-
section referred to as the ‘Council’) to prepare such 
draft regulations for fishing activities within the 
boundaries (or proposed boundaries) of such sanc-
tuary or monument. 
‘‘(2) ACTION BY THE COUNCIL.— 
‘‘(A) COUNCIL
SUBMISSION.—Within the 
180-day period beginning on the date of notifi-
cation by the Secretary, the Council shall sub-
mit to the Secretary— 
‘‘(i) draft fishing regulations for the 
proposed sanctuary or existing sanctuary 
or marine national monument; or 
‘‘(ii) a determination that regulations 
for fishing activities within the proposed 
sanctuary or existing sanctuary or marine 
national monument are not necessary. 
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‘‘(B) EXTENSION OF DEADLINE.—Upon a 
written request by the Council, the Secretary 
may grant one extension of time for the submis-
sion under subparagraph (A), if the Secretary 
determines that exigent circumstances will pre-
vent the Council from completing its work with-
in the period referred to in that subparagraph. 
The extension shall be for a period that does 
not exceed 90 days. 
‘‘(C) COUNCIL
PROCEDURE
AND
STAND-
ARDS FOR PREPARING DRAFT FISHING REGULA-
TIONS.—In preparing draft fishing regulations 
under this section, the Council shall comply 
with the Secretary’s request and utilize estab-
lished administrative procedures to prepare 
fishery management plans that are consistent 
and compatible with the purposes of a proposed 
national marine sanctuary designation, or the 
management plans for an existing sanctuary or 
marine national monuments, as applicable, the 
mission of the System, and the purposes and 
policies of this title. 
‘‘(3) ACTIONS BY THE SECRETARY.— 
‘‘(A) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—Upon the 
request of the Council, the Secretary may pro-
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vide technical assistance to the Council to clar-
ify and expedite procedures, coordinate reviews 
with other Federal agencies, and provide sci-
entific and technical expertise. 
‘‘(B) REVIEW OF COUNCIL SUBMISSION.— 
Within 60 days after receiving a response from 
the Council in accordance with paragraph (2), 
the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) determine if the response ful-
fills— 
‘‘(I) the management objectives 
of the proposed sanctuary or the ex-
isting sanctuary or marine national 
monument; 
‘‘(II) the mission of the System; 
and 
‘‘(III) the purposes of this title; 
and 
‘‘(ii) provide in writing to the Council 
an explanation of the factors that contrib-
uted to this determination. 
‘‘(C) APPROVAL BY THE SECRETARY.—If 
the Secretary determines that the Council’s re-
sponse is sufficient to meet the criteria under 
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall accept 
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the Council’s draft fishing regulations and issue 
them as proposed regulations under this title. 
‘‘(D) DISAPPROVAL BY THE SECRETARY.— 
If the Secretary determines that the Council’s 
response under paragraph (2) insufficient to 
meet the criteria under subparagraph (B)(i), or 
if the Council fails to submit a response in ac-
cordance with paragraph (2), the Secretary 
shall prepare any necessary regulations for fish-
ing activities in a proposed sanctuary or exist-
ing sanctuary or marine national monument 
under this title. 
‘‘(4) AMENDMENTS
TO
FISHING
REGULA-
TIONS.—Any amendments to regulations affecting 
fishing activities within the System shall be drafted, 
approved, and issued in the same manner as the 
original regulations. 
‘‘(5) COOPERATION AND CONSULTATION WITH 
OTHER FISHERY MANAGEMENT ENTITIES.—The Sec-
retary and the Councils shall cooperate and consult 
with other appropriate State fishery management 
authorities and Indian tribes with rights or respon-
sibilities within a proposed sanctuary or an existing 
sanctuary or marine national monument at the ear-
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liest practicable stage when drafting any fishery reg-
ulations under this subsection. 
‘‘(c) ACCESS AND VALID RIGHTS.— 
‘‘(1) PREEXISTING
RIGHTS.—Nothing in this 
title shall be construed as terminating or granting to 
the Secretary the right to terminate any valid lease, 
permit, license, or right of subsistence use or access 
that is in existence on the date of designation of any 
sanctuary. 
‘‘(2) EXERCISE OF RIGHTS.—The exercise of 
rights or authorities within the System under a 
lease, permit, license, or right is subject to regula-
tion by the Secretary consistent with the mission of 
the System and the purposes of this title.’’. 
SEC. 11. RESEARCH AND MONITORING. 
(a) RESEARCH
AND MONITORING, GENERALLY.— 
Section 309(b)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1440(b)(1)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘sanctuary resources’’ and 
inserting ‘‘System resources’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘or marine national 
monuments’’ after ‘‘national marine sanc-
tuaries’’; 
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘sanctuary 
resources’’ and inserting ‘‘System resources’’; and 
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(3) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘resources 
of national marine sanctuaries’’ and inserting ‘‘mari-
time heritage resources of the System’’. 
(b) LIMITATION ON RELEASE OF RESULTS.—Section 
309(b)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1440(b)(2)) is amended to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(2) AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION.— 
‘‘(A) AVAILABILITY OF RESULTS.—The re-
sults of research and monitoring conducted, 
supported, or permitted by the Secretary under 
this subsection shall be made available to the 
public, unless such information is protected 
from public disclosure under any other provi-
sion of law or is withheld pursuant to subpara-
graph (B). 
‘‘(B) AUTHORITY TO WITHHOLD CERTAIN 
INFORMATION.—The Secretary may withhold 
from disclosure to the public information de-
scribed in subparagraph (A), if the Secretary— 
‘‘(i) determines that such disclosure to 
the public may result in the destruction, 
loss of, or injury to any System resource; 
and 
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‘‘(ii) specifies who may have access to 
the information for the purpose of imple-
menting this title.’’. 
(c) 
EDUCATION.—Section 
309(c) 
(16 
U.S.C. 
1440(c)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in the first sentence, by inserting ‘‘, 
marine national monuments,’’ after ‘‘national 
marine sanctuaries’’; and 
(B) in the second sentence, by striking 
‘‘national marine sanctuaries and’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘or marine 
national monument’’ after ‘‘national marine sanc-
tuary’’. 
(d) INTERPRETIVE FACILITIES.—Section 309(d) (16 
U.S.C. 1440(d)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘or marine 
national monument’’ after ‘‘national marine sanc-
tuary’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘or marine national 
monument’’ after ‘‘national marine sanctuary’’; 
and 
(B) by striking ‘‘the national marine sanc-
tuary’’ and inserting ‘‘the System’’. 
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