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Sec. 1. Short Title; Table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Purpose.
Sec. 4. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 5. Allocation of funds.
TITLE I—COMPREHENSIVE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
PROGRAMS
Sec. 101. Program authorized.
Sec. 102. Prime sponsors of early childhood education programs.
Sec. 103. Early childhood education councils.
Sec. 104. Comprehensive early childhood education plans.
Sec. 105. Project applications.
Sec. 106. Special grants to States.
Sec. 107. Additional conditions for programs including construction.
Sec. 108. Use of public facilities for early childhood education programs.
Sec. 109. Payments.
TITLE II—TRAINING, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, PLANNING, AND
EVALUATION
Sec. 201. Preservice and inservice training.
Sec. 202. Technical assistance and planning.
Sec. 203. Evaluation.
Sec. 204. Federal standards for early childhood education.
Sec. 205. Development of uniform minimum code for facilities.
TITLE III—MODEL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CHILD
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
Sec. 301. Program authorized.
Sec. 302. Payments.
TITLE IV—RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATIONS
Sec. 401. Declaration of purposes.
Sec. 402. Research and demonstration projects.
Sec. 403. Coordination of research.
TITLE V—GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 501. Definitions.
Sec. 502. Nutrition.
Sec. 503. Special provisions.
Sec. 504. Withholding grants.
Sec. 505. Public information.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress makes the following findings—
(1) millions of children in the Nation are suffer-
ing unnecessary harm from the lack of adequate
early childhood education;
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(2) comprehensive early childhood education
programs, including a full range of health and social
services, are essential to the achievement of the full
potential of the Nation’s children and should be
available as a matter of right to all children whose
parents or legal guardians shall request them re-
gardless of economic, social, and family back-
grounds;
(3) children with special needs must receive full
consideration in planning any early childhood edu-
cation programs and, pending the availability of
such programs for all children, priority must be
given to preschool children with the greatest eco-
nomic and social need;
(4) no mother should be forced to work outside
the home as a condition for availing herself to early
childhood education programs, such programs are
essential to allow many parents to undertake or con-
tinue full or part-time employment, training, or edu-
cation;
(5) comprehensive early childhood education
programs not only provide a means of delivering a
full range of essential services to children, but can
also furnish meaningful employment opportunities
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for many individuals, including older persons, par-
ents, young persons, and volunteers;
(6) it is essential that the planning and oper-
ation of such programs be undertaken as a partner-
ship of parents, community, and State and local gov-
ernment with appropriate assistance from the Fed-
eral Government.
SEC. 3. PURPOSE.
It is the purpose of this Act to provide every child
with a fair and full opportunity to reach his or her full
potential by establishing and expanding comprehensive
early childhood education programs, and services designed
to—
(1) assure the sound and coordinated develop-
ment of these programs;
(2) recognize and build upon the experience and
success gained through the Headstart program and
similar efforts;
(3) furnish early childhood education services
for those children who need them most, with special
emphasis on preschool programs for economically
disadvantaged children, and for children of working
mothers and single parent families; and
(4) provide that decisions on the nature of
funding of such programs be made at the commu-
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nity level with the direct participation of parents of
the children and other individuals and organizations
in the community interested in early childhood edu-
cation serve in the development, conduct, and overall
direction of programs at the community level, and to
establish the legislative framework for the future ex-
pansion of such programs to universally available
early childhood education services.
SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) For the purpose of carrying out this Act, there
is authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000,000 for the
fiscal year beginning October 1, 1995 and such sums as
may be necessary in each of the succeeding fiscal years
through 2000. Any amounts appropriated for such fiscal
year which are not obligated at the end of such fiscal year
may be obligated in the succeeding fiscal year.
(b) For the purpose of providing training, technical
assistance, planning, and such other activities as the Sec-
retary deems necessary and appropriate to prepare for the
implementation of this title, there is authorized to be ap-
propriated $100,000,000 for the fiscal year beginning Oc-
tober 1, 1994.
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SEC. 5. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.
(a) The amounts appropriated for carrying out this
title for any fiscal year beginning October 1, 1995 shall
be made available in the following manner:
(1) $500,000,000 shall be used for the purpose
of providing assistance under titles I, II, and IV of
this Act for early childhood education programs fo-
cused upon young children from low-income families.
(2) Not to exceed 10 percent of the remaining
amounts so appropriated shall be used for the pur-
pose of carrying out titles II, III, and IV of this Act,
as the Secretary deems appropriate; and
(3) The remainder of such amounts shall be
used for the purpose of carrying out title I of this
Act.
(b)(1) From the amount available for carrying out
comprehensive early childhood education programs under
title I of this Act, the Secretary shall reserve the follow-
ing—
(A) not less than that proportion of the total
amount available for carrying out title I as is equiva-
lent to that proportion which the total number of
children of migrant agricultural workers bears to the
total number of economically disadvantaged children
in the United States, which shall be apportioned
among programs serving children of migrant agricul-
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tural workers on an equitable basis, and to the ex-
tent practicable in proportion to the relative num-
bers of children served in each such program;
(B) not less than that proportion of the total
amount available for carrying out title I as is equiva-
lent to that proportion which the total number of
children on Federal and State Indian reservations
bears to the total number of economically disadvan-
taged children in the United States, which shall be
apportioned among programs serving children on
Federal and State Indian reservation on an equi-
table basis, and to the extent practicable in propor-
tion to the relative number of children residing on
each such reservation;
(C) not less than that proportion of the total
amount available for carrying out title I as is equiva-
lent to that proportion which the total number of
Native Hawaiian children bears to the total number
of economically disadvantaged children in the United
States, which shall be apportioned among programs
serving Native Hawaiian children on an equitable
basis, and to the extent practicable in proportion to
the relative numbers of children served in each such
program;
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(D) not less than 10 percent of the total
amount available for carrying out title I, which shall
be made available for the purposes of section
101(b)(2)(I) of such title (relating to special activi-
ties for children with disabilities); and
(E) not to exceed 5 percent of the total amount
available for carrying out title I, which shall be
made available under section 102(f)(3) of such title
(relating to model programs).
(2) The remainder of the amounts available for carry-
ing out title I of this Act shall be allocated by the Sec-
retary on an equitable basis, and to the extent practi-
cable such funds shall be apportioned in such a manner
that—
(A) 50 percent of such remainder shall be ap-
portioned among the States and localities within
each State in proportion to the relative numbers of
economically disadvantaged children in each such
State and locality, respectively;
(B) 25 percent of such remainder shall be ap-
portioned among the States and localities within
each State in proportion to the relative numbers of
children who have not attained six years of age in
each such State or locality, respectively;
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(C) 25 percent of such remainder shall be ap-
portioned among the States and localities within
each State in proportion to the relative numbers of
children of working mothers and single parents in
each such State and locality, respectively.
For the purposes of clauses (A), (B), and (C) of this para-
graph, there shall be excluded those children who are
counted under clauses (A), (B), and (C) of subsection
(b)(1) of this section.
(3) In determining the numbers of children for pur-
poses of allocating and apportioning funds under this sec-
tion, the Secretary shall use the most recent satisfactory
data available.
(c) Not to exceed 5 percent of the total funds appor-
tioned for use within a State pursuant to subsection (b)(2)
may be made available for grants to the State to carry
out the provisions of section 106 of this Act.
(d) As soon as practicable after funds are appro-
priated to carry out this Act for any fiscal year, the Sec-
retary shall publish in the Federal Register the apportion-
ments required by this section.
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TITLE 
I—COMPREHENSIVE
EARLY 
CHILDHOOD 
EDU-
CATION PROGRAMS
SEC. 101. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Education shall
provide financial assistance for carrying out early child-
hood education programs under this part to prime spon-
sors and to other public and private nonprofit agencies
and organizations pursuant to plans and applications ap-
proved in accordance with the provisions of this title.
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—Funds available for this part
may be used (in accordance with approved applications)
for the following services and activities—
(1) planning and developing early childhood
education programs, including the operation of pilot
programs to test the effectiveness of new concepts,
programs, and delivery systems;
(2) establishing, maintaining, and operating
early childhood education program, which may in-
clude—
(A) comprehensive physical and mental
health, social, and cognitive development serv-
ices necessary for children participating in the
program to profit fully from their educational
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opportunities and to attain their maximum po-
tential;
(B) food and nutritional services (including
family consultation);
(C) rental, remodeling, renovation, alter-
ation, construction, or acquisition of facilities,
including mobile facilities, and the acquisition
of necessary equipment and supplies;
(D) programs designed (i) to meet the spe-
cial needs of minority groups, Native Ameri-
cans, Alaskan Natives and Native Hawaiians,
and migrant children with particular emphasis
on the needs of children with limited English
proficiency for the development of skills in Eng-
lish and another language spoken in the home,
and (ii) to meet the needs of all children to un-
derstand the history and cultural backgrounds
of the ethnic groups which belong to their com-
munities and the role of members of such eth-
nic groups in the history and cultural develop-
ment of the Nation and of the region in which
they reside;
(E) a program of daily activities designed
to develop fully each child’s potential;
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(F) other specially designed health, social,
and educational programs (including after
school, summer, weekend, vacation, and over-
night programs);
(G) medical, dental, psychological, edu-
cational, and other appropriate diagnosis, iden-
tification, and treatment of visual, hearing,
speech, nutritional, and other physical, mental,
and emotional barriers to full participation in
child education and development programs, in-
cluding programs for preschool and other chil-
dren who are emotionally disturbed;
(H) prenatal and other medical services to
expectant mothers who cannot afford such serv-
ices, designed to help reduce malnutrition, in-
fant and maternal mortality, and the incidence
of mental retardation and other disabling condi-
tions, and postpartum and other medical serv-
ices (including family planning information) to
such recent mothers;
(I) incorporation within early childhood
education programs of special activities de-
signed to identify and ameliorate identified
physical, mental, and emotional disabilities and
special learning disabilities;
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(J) preservice and inservice education and
other training for professional and paraprofes-
sional personnel;
(K) dissemination of information in the
functional language of those to be served to as-
sure that parents are well informed of early
childhood education programs available to them
and may participate in such programs;
(L) services, including in-home services,
and training in the fundamentals of child devel-
opment, for parents, older family members
functioning in the capacity of parents, youth,
and prospective parents;
(M) programs designed to extend com-
prehensive prekindergarten early childhood edu-
cation techniques and gains (particularly parent
participation) into kindergarten and early pri-
mary grades (one through three), in cooperation
with local educational agencies, including—
(i) the use of former assistant Head-
start teachers or similar early childhood
education teachers as instructional aides
(in addition to those employed by the
schools involved) working closely with
classroom teachers in the kindergarten and
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such early primary grades in which are en-
rolled children they taught in Headstart or
other early childhood programs;
(ii) providing for full participation of
parents of the children involved in program
planning, implementation, and decision-
making; and
(iii) for career development opportuni-
ties and advancement through continuing
education and training for instructional
aides involved (including teaching salaries,
educational stipends for tuition, books, and
tutoring, career counseling, arrangements
for academic credit for independent study,
fieldwork based on their teaching assign-
ments, and preservice and inservice train-
ing) and for the classroom teachers and
principals involved; and
(N) such other services and activities as
the Secretary deems appropriate in furtherance
of the purposes of this part; and
(3) staff and other administrative expenses of
early childhood education councils established and
operated in accordance with this title.
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SEC. 102. PRIME SPONSORS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVEL-
OPMENT PROGRAMS.
(a) In accordance with the provisions of this section,
a State, locality, combination of localities, Indian tribe on
a Federal or State reservation, or public or private non-
profit agency or organization, meeting the requirements
of this Act may be designated by the Secretary as prime
sponsor for the purpose of entering into arrangements to
carry out early childhood education programs under this
part, upon the approval by the Secretary of a prime spon-
sorship plan, which includes provisions—
(1) describing the prime sponsorship area to be
served;
(2) setting forth satisfactory provisions of es-
tablishing and maintaining an Early Childhood Edu-
cation Council which meets the requirements of sec-
tion 103 of this Act;
(3) providing that the Early Childhood Edu-
cation Council shall be responsible for developing
and preparing a comprehensive early childhood edu-
cation plan for each fiscal year and any modification
thereof;
(4) setting forth arrangements under which the
Early Childhood Education Council will be respon-
sible for planning, supervising, coordinating, mon-
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itoring, and evaluating early childhood education
programs in the prime sponsorship area;
(5) providing adequate assurances that staff
and other administrative expenses for the Early
Childhood Education Council under subsection (b)
paragraph (3) of section 101 will not exceed 5 per-
cent of the total cost of comprehensive early child-
hood education programs administered by the prime
sponsor unless such percentage limitation is in-
creased to give special consideration to initial costs
in the first operations year or to other special needs,
in accordance with regulations which the Secretary
shall prescribe; and
(6) providing assurances, to the extent nec-
essary to carry out comprehensive early childhood
education programs in the area to be served, of the
capacity to provide, or to enter into arrangements
with appropriate State, local or other agencies for
linkages to provide—
(A) related family, social and rehabilitative
service;
(B) coordination with educational agencies
and providers of educational services;
(C) health (including family planning) and
mental health services;
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(D) nutrition services; and
(E) training of professional and para-
professional personnel.
(b) The Secretary shall approve a prime sponsorship
plan submitted by a locality which is a (1) city, (2) coun-
try, or (3) other unit of general local government, if the
Secretary determines that the plan so submitted meets the
requirements of subsection (a) of this section and includes
adequate provisions for carrying out comprehensive early
childhood education programs in area of such locality. In
the event that an area under the jurisdiction of a unit
of general local government described in clause (1), (2),
or (3) of the preceding sentence includes any common geo-
graphical area with that covered by another such unit of
general local government, the Secretary shall designate to
serve such area the unit of general local government which
the Secretary determines has the capability of more effec-
tively carrying out the purposes of this title with respect
to such area and which has submitted a plan which meets
the requirements of this section and includes adequate
provisions for carrying out comprehensive early childhood
education programs in such area.
(c)(1) In the event that the Secretary determines that
a locality fails to meet the requirements for designation
as a prime sponsor under subsection (b) of this sec-
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tion for the reason that it lacks the capability of meeting
the requirements of clause (5) (concerning the limitation
in administrative expenses for Early Childhood Education
Councils) or clause (6) (concerning the capacity to provide
or to enter into arrangements for linkages to provide serv-
ices related to early childhood education) of subsection (a),
the Secretary shall take steps to encourage the submission
of a prime sponsorship plan, covering the area of such lo-
cality, by a combination of localities which are adjoining
and possess a sufficient commonality of interest.
(2) The Secretary shall approve a prime sponsorship
plan submitted by a combination of localities if the Sec-
retary determines that the plan so submitted meets the
requirements of subsection (a) of this section and includes
adequate provisions for carrying out comprehensive early
childhood education programs in the area covered by the
combination of such localities.
(d) The Secretary shall approve a prime sponsorship
plan submitted by an Indian tribe on a Federal or State
reservation if the Secretary determines that the plan so
submitted meets the requirements of subsection (a) of this
section and includes adequate provisions for carrying out
comprehensive early childhood education programs in the
area to be served.
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(e) In the event that the Secretary determines, with
respect to the area of a particular locality, that a prime
sponsorship plan meeting the requirements of this section
has not been submitted by a locality or combination of
localities covering such areas, or by an Indian tribe on
a Federal or State reservation, or in the event that prime
sponsorship designation has been withdrawn in accordance
with subsection (h) of this section, the Secretary may, with
respect to the impending fiscal year when no such prime
sponsorship designation will be in effect, approve a plan
submitted by the State which meets the requirements of
subsection (a) of this section and includes adequate provi-
sions for carrying out comprehensive early childhood edu-
cation program in each such area.
(f) The Secretary may approve a prime sponsorship
plan submitted by a public or private nonprofit agency,
including but not limited to a community action agency,
single purpose Headstart agency, community development
corporation, parent cooperative, organization of migrant
agricultural workers, organization of Native Americans,
Alaskan Natives or Native Hawaiians, employer organiza-
tions, or public or private educational agency or institu-
tion, the Secretary determines that the plan so submitted
meets the requirements of subsection (a) of this section
and includes—
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(1) provisions setting forth arrangements for
serving children in a neighborhood or other area
possessing a commonality of interest in the area of
any locality with respect to which there is not prime
sponsorship designation in effect, or with respect to
any portion of an area where the prime sponsor is
found not to be satisfactorily implementing early
childhood education program which adequately
meets the purposes of this part, or for making avail-
able special services, in accordance with criteria es-
tablished by the Secretary, designed to meet the
needs of economically disadvantaged or preschool
children; or
(2) arrangements for providing comprehensive
early childhood education programs on a year-round
basis to children of migrant agricultural workers and
their families; or
(3) arrangements for carrying out model pro-
grams especially designed to be responsive to the
needs 
of 
economically 
disadvantaged, 
minority
groups, or limited English proficient preschool chil-
dren.
(g) The Governor of the State shall in accordance
with regulations which the Secretary shall prescribe, be
given a reasonable opportunity to review and offer rec-
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ommendations to any applicant submitting a plan for
prime sponsorship designation under this section, and to
submit comments to the Secretary with respect to any
plan so submitted.
(h) A prime sponsorship plan submitted under this
section may be disapproved or a prior designation of a
prime sponsor may be withdrawn only if the Secretary,
in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Sec-
retary, has provided—
(1) written notice of intention to disapprove
such plan, including a statement of the reasons,
(2) a reasonable time in which to submit correc-
tive amendments to such plan or undertake other
necessary corrective action, and
(3) an opportunity for a public hearing upon
which basis an appeal to the Secretary may be taken
as of right.
(i)(1) If any party is dissatisfied with the Secretary’s
final action under subsection (h) with respect to the dis-
approval of its plan submitted under this section or the
withdrawal of its prime sponsorship designation, such
party may, within sixty days after notice of such action,
file with the United States court of appeals for the circuit
in which such party is located a petition for review of that
action. A copy of the petition shall be forthwith transmit-
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ted by the clerk of the court to the Secretary. The Sec-
retary thereupon shall file in the court the record of the
proceeding on which the Secretary based his/her action,
as provided in section 2112 of title 28, United States
Code.
(2) The court shall have jurisdiction to affirm the ac-
tion of the Secretary or to set it aside, in whole or in part.
The judgement of the court shall be subject to review by
the Supreme Court of the United States upon certiorari
or certification as provided in section 1254 of title 28,
United States Code.
SEC. 103. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION COUNCILS.
(a) Each prime sponsor designed under section 102
shall establish and maintain an Early Childhood Edu-
cation Council consisting of not less than ten members
comprised as follows:
(1) Not less than half of the members of such
Council shall be parents of children served in early
childhood education programs under this Act.
(2) The remaining members of such Council
shall be appointed by the chief executive officer or
officers of the prime sponsor to represent the public,
but—
(A) not less than half of such members
shall be persons who are broadly representative
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of the general public, including government
agencies, public and private agencies and orga-
nizations in such field as economic opportunity,
health, education, welfare, employment and
training, business or financial organizations or
institutions, labor unions, and employers, and
who are approved by the parent members de-
scribed in paragraph (1); and
(B) the remaining members the number of
which shall be either equal to or one less than
the number of members appointed under clause
(A), shall be persons who are particularly
skilled by virtue of training or experience in
early childhood education, child development,
child health, child welfare, or other child serv-
ices, except that the Secretary may waive the
requirements of this clause (B) to the extent
that the Secretary determines, in accordance
with regulations prescribed by the Secretary,
that such person are not available to the area
to be served.
(b) In accordance with procedures with the Secretary
shall establish pursuant to regulations, each prime sponsor
designed under section 102 shall provide, with respect to
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the Early Childhood Education Council established and
maintained by such prime sponsor, that—
(1) the parent members described in paragraph
(1) of subsection (a) of this section shall be chosen
by the membership of Headstart policy committees
where they exist, and, at the earliest practicable
time, by project policy committees established pursu-
ant to section 105(a)(2) of this Act;
(2) not less than one-fourth of the total mem-
bership of such Council shall be persons broadly rep-
resentative of the economically disadvantaged;
(3) the terms of office and any other policies
and procedures of an organizational nature, includ-
ing nomination and election procedures, are appro-
priate in accordance with the purposes of this Act;
(4) such Council shall have responsibility for
approving basic goals, policies, actions, and proce-
dures for the prime sponsor, including policies with
respect to planning, general supervision and over-
sight, overall coordination, personnel, budgeting,
funding of projects, and monitoring and evaluation
of projects; and
(5) such Council shall, upon its own initiatives
or upon request of a project applicant or any other
party in interest, conduct public hearings before act-
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ing upon applications for financial assistance sub-
mitted by project applicants under this Act.
SEC. 
104. 
COMPREHENSIVE 
EARLY 
CHILDHOOD 
EDU-
CATION PLANS.
(a) Financial assistance under this part may be pro-
vided by the Secretary for any fiscal year to a prime spon-
sor designated pursuant to section 102 only pursuant to
a comprehensive early childhood education plan which is
submitted by such prime sponsor and approved by the Sec-
retary in accordance with the provisions of this part. Any
such plan shall set forth a comprehensive program provid-
ing early childhood education services in the prime spon-
sorship area which—
(1) identifies all early childhood education
needs and goals within the area and describes the
purposes for which the financial assistance will be
used;
(2) meets the needs of children in the prime
sponsorship area, to the extent that available funds
can be reasonably expected to have an effective im-
pact, including infant care and before and after
school programs for children in school with priority
to children who have not attained six years of age;
(3) gives priority to meeting the special needs
of economically disadvantaged children by providing
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that not less than 65 percent of the total cost of
programs receiving financial assistance under section
4(b) shall be for early childhood education programs
for economically disadvantaged children;
(4) gives priority thereafter to providing early
childhood education programs and services to chil-
dren of single parents and working mothers not cov-
ered under paragraph (3);
(5) provides procedures for the approval of
project applications submitted in accordance with
section 105;
(6) provides, in the case of a prime sponsor lo-
cated within or adjacent to a metropolitan area, for
coordination with other prime sponsors located with-
in such metropolitan area, and arrangements for co-
operative funding where appropriate, and particu-
larly for such coordination where appropriate meet
the needs for early childhood education services of
children of parents working or participating in train-
ing or otherwise occupied during the day within a
prime sponsorship area other than that in which
they reside;
(7) provides that, to the extent feasible, each
program within the prime sponsorship area will in-
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clude children from a range of socioeconomic back-
grounds;
(8) provides comprehensive services (A) to meet
the special needs of minority group children of mi-
grant agricultural workers with particular emphasis
on the needs of children from bilingual families for
development of skills in English and in the other
language spoken in the home, and (B) to meet the
need of all children to understand the history and
cultural background of minority groups which belong
to the communities and the role of members of such
minority groups in the history and cultural develop-
ment of the Nation and the region in which they re-
side;
(9) provides equitably for the early childhood
education needs of children from each minority
group or significant segment of the economically dis-
advantaged residing within the area covered;
(10) provides, to the extent possible, for coordi-
nation of early childhood education programs so as
to keep family units intact or in close proximity dur-
ing the day;
(11) provides for the regular and frequent dis-
semination of information in the functional language
of those to be served, to assure that parents and in-