Protection Agency further exposes millions of 
people to continued mercury pollution. 
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States Government to 
work in conjunction with States, territories, tribal govern-
ments, international organizations, and foreign govern-
ments in order to act as a steward of the environment 
for the benefit of public health, maintain air quality and 
water quality, sustain the diversity of plant and animal 
species, combat global climate change, and protect the en-
vironment for future generations to enjoy. 
SEC. 4. STUDY AND REPORT ON PUBLIC HEALTH OR ENVI-
RONMENTAL IMPACT OF REVISED RULES, 
REGULATIONS, LAWS, OR PROPOSED LAWS. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than 30 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the President shall enter into 
an arrangement under which the National Academy of 
Sciences will conduct a study to determine the impact on 
public health, air quality, water quality, wildlife, and the 
environment of the following regulations, laws, and pro-
posed laws: 
(1) CLEAN WATER.— 
(A) Final Revisions to the Clean Water 
Act Regulatory Definitions of ‘‘Fill Material’’ 
and ‘‘Discharge of Fill Material’’, finalized and 
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published in the Federal Register on May 9, 
2002 (67 FR 31129), amending title 40, Code 
of Federal Regulations, part 232. 
(B) National Pollutant Discharge Elimi-
nation System Permit Regulation and Effluent 
Limitation Guidelines and Standards for Con-
centrated Animal Feeding Operations, finalized 
and published in the Federal Register on Feb-
ruary 12, 2003 (68 FR 7176), amending title 
40, Code of Federal Regulations, parts 9, 122, 
123, and 412. 
(C) A March 19, 2003, rule published in 
the Federal Register (68 FR 13608) with-
drawing a July 13, 2000, rule revising the 
Total Maximum Daily Load program of the 
Clean Water Act (65 FR 43586), amending 
title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, parts 9, 
122, 123, 124, and 130. 
(2) FORESTS AND LAND MANAGEMENT.— 
(A) Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 
2003, signed into law on December 3, 2003 
(Public Law 108–148). 
(B) National Forest System Land and Re-
source Management Planning Rule, finalized 
and published in the Federal Register on Janu-
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ary 5, 2005 (70 FR 1022–23), replacing the 
rule announced on November 9, 2000, amend-
ing title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, parts 
217 and 219. 
(C) Protection of Inventoried Roadless 
Areas, finalized and published in the Federal 
Register on May 13, 2005 (70 FR 25654), 
amending subpart B of title 36, Code of Fed-
eral Regulations, part 294. 
(3) CLEAN AIR.— 
(A) Clear Skies Initiative, announced by 
the President on February 14, 2002, and intro-
duced as legislation in each subsequent Con-
gress. 
(B) Prevention of Significant Deterioration 
(PSD) and Non-Attainment New Source Re-
view (NSR): Equipment Replacement Provision 
of the Routine Maintenance, Repair and Re-
placement Exclusion, finalized and published in 
the Federal Register on October 27, 2003 (68 
FR 61248), and altered slightly on June 6, 
2005. 
(C) A rule revoking a 2000 decision that 
it is ‘‘necessary and appropriate’’ to require 
that each power plant apply technology to re-
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duce mercury emissions finalized and published 
in the Federal Register on March 29, 2005 (70 
FR 15994), which amended title 40, Code of 
Federal Regulations, part 63. 
(D) Standards of Performance for New 
and Existing Stationary Sources: Electric Util-
ity Steam Generating Units, finalized and pub-
lished in the Federal Register on May 18, 2005 
(70 FR 28606), which amended title 40, Code 
of Federal Regulations, parts 60, 72, and 75. 
(b) METHOD.—In conducting the study under sub-
section (a), the National Academy of Sciences may utilize 
and compare existing scientific studies regarding the regu-
lations, laws, and proposed laws listed in subsection (a). 
(c) REPORT.—Under the arrangement entered into 
under subsection (a), not later than 270 days after the 
date on which such arrangement is entered into, the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences shall make publicly available 
and shall submit to the Congress and to the head of each 
department and agency of the Federal Government that 
issued, implements, or would implement a regulation, law, 
or proposed law listed in subsection (a), a report con-
taining— 
(1) a description of the impact of all such regu-
lations, laws, and proposed laws on public health, air 
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quality, water quality, wildlife, and the environment, 
compared to the impact of preexisting regulations, 
or laws in effect, including— 
(A) any negative impacts to air quality or 
water quality; 
(B) any negative impacts to wildlife; 
(C) any delays in hazardous waste cleanup 
that are projected to be hazardous to public 
health; and 
(D) any other negative impact on public 
health or the environment; and 
(2) any recommendations that the National 
Academy of Sciences considers appropriate to main-
tain, restore, or improve in whole or in part protec-
tions for public health, air quality, water quality, 
wildlife, and the environment for each of the regula-
tions, laws, and proposed laws listed in subsection 
(a), which may include recommendations for the 
adoption of any regulation or law in place or pro-
posed prior to January 1, 2001. 
SEC. 5. DEPARTMENT AND AGENCY REVISION OF EXISTING 
RULES, REGULATIONS, OR LAWS. 
Not later than 180 days after the date on which the 
report is submitted pursuant to section 4(c), the head of 
each department and agency that has issued or imple-
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