IIB 
113TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4412 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
JUNE 10, 2014 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation 
JUNE 19, 2014 
Committee discharged; ordered returned to the House 
JUNE 23, 2014 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation 
AN ACT 
To authorize the programs of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘National Aeronautics and Space Administration Author-
ization Act of 2014’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Definitions. 
TITLE I—AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS 
Sec. 101. Fiscal year 2014. 
TITLE II—HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT 
Subtitle A—Exploration 
Sec. 201. Space exploration policy. 
Sec. 202. Stepping stone approach to exploration. 
Sec. 203. Space Launch System. 
Sec. 204. Orion crew capsule. 
Sec. 205. Space radiation. 
Sec. 206. Planetary protection for human exploration missions. 
Subtitle B—Space Operations 
Sec. 211. International Space Station. 
Sec. 212. Barriers impeding enhanced utilization of the ISS’s National Labora-
tory by commercial companies. 
Sec. 213. Utilization of International Space Station for science missions. 
Sec. 214. International Space Station cargo resupply services lessons learned. 
Sec. 215. Commercial crew program. 
Sec. 216. Space communications. 
TITLE III—SCIENCE 
Subtitle A—General 
Sec. 301. Science portfolio. 
Sec. 302. Radioisotope power systems. 
Sec. 303. Congressional declaration of policy and purpose. 
Sec. 304. University class science missions. 
Sec. 305. Assessment of science mission extensions. 
Subtitle B—Astrophysics 
Sec. 311. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 312. Extrasolar planet exploration strategy. 
Sec. 313. James Webb Space Telescope. 
Sec. 314. National Reconnaissance Office telescope donation. 
Sec. 315. Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope. 
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Sec. 316. Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. 
Subtitle C—Planetary Science 
Sec. 321. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 322. Near-Earth objects. 
Sec. 323. Near-Earth objects public-private partnerships. 
Sec. 324. Research on near-earth object tsunami effects. 
Sec. 325. Astrobiology strategy. 
Sec. 326. Astrobiology public-private partnerships. 
Sec. 327. Assessment of Mars architecture. 
Subtitle D—Heliophysics 
Sec. 331. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 332. Review of space weather. 
Subtitle E—Earth Science 
Sec. 341. Goal. 
Sec. 342. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 343. Venture class missions. 
Sec. 344. Assessment. 
TITLE IV—AERONAUTICS 
Sec. 401. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 402. Aeronautics research goals. 
Sec. 403. Unmanned aerial systems research and development. 
Sec. 404. Research program on composite materials used in aeronautics. 
Sec. 405. Hypersonic research. 
Sec. 406. Supersonic research. 
Sec. 407. Research on NextGen airspace management concepts and tools. 
Sec. 408. Rotorcraft research. 
Sec. 409. Transformative aeronautics research. 
Sec. 410. Study of United States leadership in aeronautics research. 
TITLE V—SPACE TECHNOLOGY 
Sec. 501. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 502. Space Technology Program. 
Sec. 503. Utilization of the International Space Station for technology dem-
onstrations. 
TITLE VI—EDUCATION 
Sec. 601. Education. 
Sec. 602. Independent review of the National Space Grant College and Fellow-
ship Program. 
Sec. 603. Sense of Congress. 
TITLE VII—POLICY PROVISIONS 
Sec. 701. Asteroid Retrieval Mission. 
Sec. 702. Termination liability sense of Congress. 
Sec. 703. Baseline and cost controls. 
Sec. 704. Project and program reserves. 
Sec. 705. Independent reviews. 
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Sec. 706. Commercial technology transfer program. 
Sec. 707. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advisory Council. 
Sec. 708. Cost estimation. 
Sec. 709. Avoiding organizational conflicts of interest in major Administration 
acquisition programs. 
Sec. 710. Facilities and infrastructure. 
Sec. 711. Detection and avoidance of counterfeit electronic parts. 
Sec. 712. Space Act Agreements. 
Sec. 713. Human spaceflight accident investigations. 
Sec. 714. Fullest commercial use of space. 
Sec. 715. Orbital debris. 
Sec. 716. Review of orbital debris removal concepts. 
Sec. 717. Use of operational commercial suborbital vehicles for research, devel-
opment, and education. 
Sec. 718. Fundamental space life and physical sciences research. 
Sec. 719. Restoring commitment to engineering research. 
Sec. 720. Liquid rocket engine development program. 
Sec. 721 Remote satellite servicing demonstrations. 
Sec. 722. Information technology governance. 
Sec. 723. Strengthening Administration security. 
Sec. 724. Prohibition on use of funds for contractors that have committed 
fraud or other crimes. 
Sec. 725. Protection of Apollo landing sites. 
Sec. 726. Astronaut occupational healthcare. 
Sec. 727. Sense of Congress on access to observational data sets. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) ADMINISTRATION.—The term ‘‘Administra-
tion’’ means the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration. 
(2) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the Administra-
tion. 
(3) ORION CREW CAPSULE.—The term ‘‘Orion 
crew capsule’’ means the multipurpose crew vehicle 
described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 18323). 
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(8) For Construction and Environmental Com-
pliance and Restoration, $515,000,000. 
(9) For Inspector General, $37,500,000. 
TITLE II—HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT 
Subtitle A—Exploration 
SEC. 201. SPACE EXPLORATION POLICY. 
(a) POLICY.—Human exploration deeper into the 
solar system shall be a core mission of the Administration. 
It is the policy of the United States that the goal of the 
Administration’s exploration program shall be to success-
fully conduct a crewed mission to the surface of Mars to 
begin human exploration of that planet. The use of the 
surface of the Moon, cis-lunar space, near-Earth asteroids, 
Lagrangian points, and Martian moons may be pursued 
provided they are properly incorporated into the Human 
Exploration Roadmap described in section 70504 of title 
51, United States Code. 
(b) VISION
FOR
SPACE
EXPLORATION.—Section 
20302 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ORION CREW CAPSULE.—The term ‘Orion 
crew capsule’ means the multipurpose crew vehicle 
described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
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and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 18323). 
‘‘(2) SPACE
LAUNCH
SYSTEM.—The term 
‘Space Launch System’ means the follow-on Govern-
ment-owned civil launch system developed, managed, 
and operated by the Administration to serve as a 
key component to expand human presence beyond 
low-Earth orbit, as described in section 302 of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322).’’. 
(c) KEY OBJECTIVES.—Section 202(b) of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Authoriza-
tion Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’ after 
the semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) to accelerate the development of capabili-
ties to enable a human exploration mission to the 
surface 
of 
Mars 
and 
beyond 
through 
the 
prioritization of those technologies and capabilities 
best suited for such a mission in accordance with the 
Human Exploration Roadmap under section 70504 
of title 51, United States Code.’’. 
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(d) USE OF NON-UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT
TRANSPORTATION
CAPABILITIES.—Section 
201(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18311(a)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(a) USE OF NON-UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT TRANSPORTATION CAPABILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—NASA may not obtain non- 
United States human space flight capabilities unless 
no domestic commercial or public-private partnership 
provider that the Administrator has determined to 
meet safety and affordability requirements estab-
lished by NASA for the transport of its astronauts 
is available to provide such capabilities. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sub-
section, the term ‘domestic commercial provider’ 
means a person providing space transportation serv-
ices or other space-related activities, the majority 
control of which is held by persons other than a 
Federal, State, local, or foreign government, foreign 
company, or foreign national.’’. 
(e) REPEAL OF SPACE SHUTTLE CAPABILITY ASSUR-
ANCE.—Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18313) is amended— 
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(1) by striking subsection (b); 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘subsection 
(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (b)’’; and 
(3) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as 
subsections (b) and (c), respectively. 
SEC. 202. STEPPING STONE APPROACH TO EXPLORATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 70504 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 70504. Stepping stone approach to exploration 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to maximize the cost 
effectiveness of the long-term space exploration and utili-
zation activities of the United States, the Administrator 
shall direct the Human Exploration and Operations Mis-
sion Directorate, or its successor division, to develop a 
Human Exploration Roadmap to define the specific capa-
bilities and technologies necessary to extend human pres-
ence to the surface of Mars and the sets and sequences 
of missions required to demonstrate such capabilities and 
technologies. 
‘‘(b) INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION.—The Presi-
dent should invite the United States partners in the Inter-
national Space Station program and other nations, as ap-
propriate, to participate in an international initiative 
under the leadership of the United States to achieve the 
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goal of successfully conducting a crewed mission to the 
surface of Mars. 
‘‘(c) ROADMAP REQUIREMENTS.—In developing the 
Human Exploration Roadmap, the Administrator shall— 
‘‘(1) include the specific set of capabilities and 
technologies that contribute to extending human 
presence to the surface of Mars and the sets and se-
quences of missions necessary to demonstrate the 
proficiency of these capabilities and technologies 
with an emphasis on using or not using the Inter-
national Space Station, lunar landings, cis-lunar 
space, trans-lunar space, Lagrangian points, and the 
natural satellites of Mars, Phobos and Deimos, as 
testbeds, as necessary, and shall include the most 
appropriate process for developing such capabilities 
and technologies; 
‘‘(2) include information on the phasing of 
planned intermediate destinations, Mars mission risk 
areas and potential risk mitigation approaches, tech-
nology requirements and phasing of required tech-
nology development activities, the management strat-
egy to be followed, related International Space Sta-
tion activities, and planned international collabo-
rative activities, potential commercial contributions, 
and other activities relevant to the achievement of 
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(B) An appropriation of $700,000,000 
over the next 3 fiscal years. 
(C) An appropriation of $800,000,000 over 
the next 3 fiscal years. 
(D) The funding level assumptions over 
the next 3 fiscal years that are included as part 
of commercial crew transportation capability 
contract awards. 
(3) TRANSMITTAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after initiation of the Independent Cost and Sched-
ule Estimate under paragraph (1), the Adminis-
trator shall transmit the results of the Independent 
Cost and Schedule Estimate to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 
(g) IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the 
completion of the Independent Cost and Schedule 
Estimate under subsection (f), the Administrator 
shall transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate a report containing 4 dis-
tinct implementation strategies based on such Inde-
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