H. R. 133—1952 
Basic Authorities Act of 1956, as added by subsection (a)(1), 
to coordinate the development and implementation of United 
States sanctions policies with allies and partners of the United 
States, including the United Kingdom, the European Union 
and member countries of the European Union, Canada, Aus-
tralia, New Zealand, Japan, and South Korea. 
(2) INFORMATION SHARING.—The Secretary should pursue 
the development and implementation of mechanisms and pro-
grams under paragraph (1), as appropriate, that involve the 
sharing of information with respect to policy development and 
sanctions implementation. 
(3) CAPACITY
BUILDING.—The Secretary should pursue 
efforts, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and 
the head of any other Federal agency the Secretary considers 
appropriate, to assist allies and partners of the United States, 
including the countries specified in paragraph (1), as appro-
priate, in the development of their legal and technical capacities 
to develop and implement sanctions authorities. 
(4) EXCHANGE
PROGRAMS.—In furtherance of the efforts 
described in paragraph (3), the Secretary, in coordination with 
the Secretary of the Treasury and the head of any other Federal 
agency the Secretary considers appropriate, may enter into 
agreements with counterpart agencies in foreign governments 
establishing exchange programs for the temporary detail of 
Federal Government employees to share information and exper-
tise with respect to the development and implementation of 
sanctions authorities. 
(5) BRIEFING REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and every 180 days thereafter 
until the date that is five years after such date of enactment, 
the Secretary of State shall brief the appropriate congressional 
committees on the efforts of the Department of State to imple-
ment this section, including a description of— 
(A) measures taken to implement paragraph (1); 
(B) actions taken pursuant to paragraphs (2) through 
(4); 
(C) the extent of coordination between the United 
States and allies and partners of the United States, 
including the countries specified in paragraph (1), with 
respect to the development and implementation of sanctions 
policy; and 
(D) obstacles preventing closer coordination between 
the United States and such allies and partners with respect 
to the development and implementation of sanctions policy. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Congress that 
the President should appoint a coordinator for sanctions and 
national economic security issues within the framework of the 
National Security Council. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee 
on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Com-
mittee on Finance of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
Financial Services, the Committee on Oversight and Reform,
H. R. 133—1953 
and the Committee on Way and Means of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
TITLE IV—SENATE SERGEANT AT ARMS 
CLOUD SERVICES 
SEC. 401. SENATE SERGEANT AT ARMS CLOUD SERVICES. 
(a) Section 10 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 
2005 (2 U.S.C. 6628) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (h); and 
(2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘agent of the Office of the SAA’ includes 
a provider of electronic communication service or remote com-
puting service commissioned or used through the Office of 
the SAA by a Senate office to provide such services to the 
Senate office; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘electronic communication service’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 2510 of title 18, United 
States Code; 
‘‘(3) the term ‘Office of the SAA’ means the Office of the 
Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate; 
‘‘(4) the term ‘provider for a Senate office’ means a provider 
of electronic communication service or remote computing service 
directly commissioned or used by a Senate office to provide 
such services; 
‘‘(5) the term ‘remote computing service’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 2711 of title 18, United States 
Code; 
‘‘(6) the term ‘Senate data’, with respect to a Senate office, 
means any electronic mail or other electronic or data commu-
nication, other data (including metadata), or other information 
of the Senate office; and 
‘‘(7) the term ‘Senate office’ means a committee or office 
of the Senate, including a Senator, an officer of the Senate, 
or an employee of, intern at, or other agent of a committee 
or office of the Senate. 
‘‘(b) TREATMENT.— 
‘‘(1) RETAINING POSSESSION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A Senate office shall be deemed 
to retain possession of any Senate data of the Senate 
office, without regard to the use by the Senate office of 
any individual or entity described in paragraph (2) for 
the purposes of any function or service described in para-
graph (2). 
‘‘(B) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Subparagraph (A) shall 
not be construed to limit the use by an intended recipient 
of any Senate data from a Senate office. 
‘‘(2) SERGEANT
AT
ARMS
AND
PROVIDERS
FOR
A
SENATE 
OFFICE.—The Office of the SAA, any officer, employee, or agent 
of the Office of the SAA, and any provider for a Senate office 
shall not be treated as acquiring possession, custody, or control 
of any Senate data by reason of its being transmitted, processed, 
or stored (whether temporarily or otherwise) through the use 
of an electronic system established, maintained, or operated, 
or the use of electronic services provided, in whole or in part
H. R. 133—1954 
by the Office of the SAA, the officer, employee, or agent of 
the Office of the SAA, or the provider for the Senate office. 
‘‘(c) NOTIFICATION.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law 
or rule of civil or criminal procedure, the Office of the SAA, any 
officer, employee, or agent of the Office of the SAA, and any provider 
for a Senate office that is providing services to or used by a Senate 
office shall not be barred, through operation of any court order 
or any statutory provision, from notifying the Senate office of any 
legal process seeking disclosure of Senate data of the Senate office 
that is transmitted, processed, or stored (whether temporarily or 
otherwise) through the use of an electronic system established, 
maintained, or operated, or the use of electronic services provided, 
in whole or in part by the Office of the SAA, the officer, employee, 
or agent of the Office of the SAA, or the provider for a Senate 
office. 
‘‘(d) MOTIONS TO QUASH OR MODIFY.—Upon a motion made 
promptly by a Senate office or provider for a Senate office, a 
court of competent jurisdiction shall quash or modify any legal 
process directed to the provider for a Senate office if compliance 
with the legal process would require the disclosure of Senate data 
of the Senate office. 
‘‘(e) INFORMATION REGARDING IMPLICATIONS
OF USING PRO-
VIDERS.—The Office of the SAA, in consultation with the Senate 
Legal Counsel, shall provide information to each Senate office that 
commissions or uses a provider of electronic communication service 
or remote computing service to provide such services to the Senate 
office regarding the potential constitutional implications and the 
potential impact on privileges that may be asserted by the Senate 
office. 
‘‘(f) APPLICABLE PRIVILEGES.—Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to limit or supersede any applicable privilege, immunity, 
or other objection that may apply to the disclosure of Senate data. 
‘‘(g) PREEMPTION.—Except as provided in this section, any provi-
sion of law or rule of civil or criminal procedure of any State, 
political subdivision, or agency thereof, which is inconsistent with 
this section shall be deemed to be preempted and superseded.’’. 
(b)(1) In this subsection, the terms ‘‘Senate data’’ and ‘‘Senate 
office’’ have the meanings given such terms in section 10 of the 
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2005, as amended by sub-
section (a) of this section. 
(2) The amendments made by this section shall— 
(A) take effect as though included in the Legislative Branch 
Appropriations Act, 2005 (division G of Public Law 108–447; 
118 Stat. 3166); and 
(B) apply with respect to— 
(i) any legal process seeking disclosure of Senate data 
of a Senate office that is filed, issued, or made on or 
after the date of enactment of this Act; and 
(ii) any matter that is pending on or after the date 
of enactment of this Act that relates to legal process 
described in clause (i) that is filed, issued, or made before 
the date of enactment of this Act, unless the Senate data 
of the Senate office was disclosed in accordance with such 
legal process before the date of enactment of this Act.
H. R. 133—1955 
TITLE V—REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT TO 
SELL CERTAIN FEDERAL PROPERTY 
IN PLUM ISLAND, NEW YORK 
SEC. 501. REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT TO SELL CERTAIN FEDERAL 
PROPERTY IN PLUM ISLAND, NEW YORK. 
(a) REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT IN PUBLIC LAW 110–329.—Section 
540 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 
2009 (division D of Public Law 110–329; 122 Stat. 3688) is repealed. 
(b) REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT IN PUBLIC LAW 112–74.—Section 
538 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 
2012 (6 U.S.C. 190 note; division D of Public Law 112–74) is 
repealed. 
(c) REQUIREMENT.—The Administrator of General Services shall 
ensure that— 
(1) Federal property commonly known as Plum Island, 
New York, including the Orient point facility, all real and 
personal property and transportation assets that support Plum 
Island operations and access to Plum Island, be disposed of 
as a single consolidated asset; and 
(2) such disposal is subject to conditions as may be nec-
essary to protect Government interests and meet program 
requirements. 
TITLE VI—PREVENTING ONLINE SALES 
OF E-CIGARETTES TO CHILDREN 
SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Preventing Online Sales of 
E-Cigarettes to Children Act’’. 
SEC. 602. AMENDMENTS TO THE JENKINS ACT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Act entitled ‘‘An Act to assist States 
in collecting sales and use taxes on cigarettes’’, approved October 
19, 1949 (commonly known as the ‘‘Jenkins Act’’) (15 U.S.C. 375 
et seq.), is amended— 
(1) in section 1 (15 U.S.C. 375)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)(A)(ii)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘includes roll-your-own tobacco’’ and 
inserting the following: ‘‘includes— 
‘‘(I) roll-your-own tobacco’’; 
(ii) in subclause (I), as so designated, by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(II) an electronic nicotine delivery system.’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as 
paragraphs (8) through (15), respectively; and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following: 
‘‘(7) ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEM.—The term 
‘electronic nicotine delivery system’— 
‘‘(A) means any electronic device that, through an aero-
solized solution, delivers nicotine, flavor, or any other sub-
stance to the user inhaling from the device; 
‘‘(B) includes—
H. R. 133—1956 
‘‘(i) an e-cigarette; 
‘‘(ii) an e-hookah; 
‘‘(iii) an e-cigar; 
‘‘(iv) a vape pen; 
‘‘(v) an advanced refillable personal vaporizer; 
‘‘(vi) an electronic pipe; and 
‘‘(vii) any component, liquid, part, or accessory of 
a device described in subparagraph (A), without regard 
to whether the component, liquid, part, or accessory 
is sold separately from the device; and 
‘‘(C) does not include a product that is— 
‘‘(i) approved by the Food and Drug Administration 
for— 
‘‘(I) sale as a tobacco cessation product; or 
‘‘(II) any other therapeutic purpose; and 
‘‘(ii) marketed and sold solely for a purpose 
described in clause (i).’’; and 
(2) in section 2A(b)(1) (15 U.S.C. 376a(b)(1)), by inserting 
‘‘NICOTINE/’’ 
after 
‘‘CIGARETTES/’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section, and the amendments made 
by this section, shall take effect on the date that is 90 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section, or an 
amendment made by this section, may be construed to affect or 
otherwise alter any provision of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), including its implementing regula-
tions. 
SEC. 603. NONMAILABILITY OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYS-
TEMS. 
(a) REGULATIONS.—Not later than 120 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the United States Postal Service shall 
promulgate regulations to clarify the applicability of the prohibition 
on mailing of cigarettes under section 1716E of title 18, United 
States Code, to electronic nicotine delivery systems, in accordance 
with the amendment to the definition of ‘‘cigarette’’ made by section 
602. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The prohibition on mailing of cigarettes 
under section 1716E of title 18, United States Code, shall apply 
to electronic nicotine delivery systems on and after the date on 
which the United States Postal Service promulgates regulations 
under subsection (a) of this section. 
TITLE VII—FAFSA SIMPLIFICATION 
SEC. 701. SHORT TITLE; EFFECTIVE DATE. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the ‘‘FAFSA Sim-
plification Act’’. 
(b) GENERAL EFFECTIVE DATE.—Except as otherwise expressly 
provided, this Act, and the amendments made by this title to 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), shall 
take effect on July 1, 2023, and shall apply with respect to award 
year 2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, as determined 
under the Higher Education Act of 1965. The Secretary of Education 
shall have the authority to take such steps as are necessary before
H. R. 133—1957 
July 1, 2023, to provide for the orderly implementation on such 
date of the amendments to the Higher Education Act of 1965 
made by this Act. 
SEC. 702. MAKING IT EASIER TO APPLY FOR FEDERAL AID AND MAKING 
THAT AID PREDICTABLE. 
(a) NEED ANALYSIS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 471 of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087kk) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 471. AMOUNT OF NEED. 
‘‘Except as otherwise provided therein, for award year 2023– 
2024 and each subsequent award year, the amount of need of 
any student for financial assistance under this title (except subpart 
1 or 2 of part A) is equal to— 
‘‘(1) the cost of attendance of such student, minus 
‘‘(2) the student aid index (as defined in section 473) for 
such student, minus 
‘‘(3) other financial assistance not received under this title 
(as defined in section 480(i)).’’. 
(2) MAXIMUM AID UNDER PART D.—Section 451 of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) MAXIMUM AID.—The maximum dollar amount of financial 
assistance provided under this part to a student shall not exceed 
the cost of attendance for such student.’’. 
(3) GUIDANCE TO STATES.—The Secretary of Education shall 
issue guidance for States on interpretation and implementation 
of the terminology and formula adjustments made to the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) under the 
amendments by this Act, including the student aid index, for-
merly known as the expected family contribution, and the need 
analysis formulas. 
(b) COST OF ATTENDANCE AND STUDENT AID INDEX.—Sections 
472 and 473 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087ll 
and 1087mm) are amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 472. COST OF ATTENDANCE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For the purpose of this title, the term ‘cost 
of attendance’ means— 
‘‘(1) tuition and fees normally assessed a student carrying 
the same academic workload as determined by the institution; 
‘‘(2) an allowance for books, course materials, supplies, 
and equipment, which shall include all such costs required 
of all such students in the same course of study, including 
a reasonable allowance for the documented rental or upfront 
purchase of a personal computer, as determined by the institu-
tion; 
‘‘(3) an allowance for transportation, which may include 
transportation between campus, residences, and place of work, 
as determined by the institution; 
‘‘(4) an allowance for miscellaneous personal expenses, for 
a student attending the institution on at least a half-time 
basis, as determined by the institution; 
‘‘(5) an allowance for living expenses, including food and 
housing costs, to be incurred by the student attending the 
institution on at least a half-time basis, as determined by 
the institution, which shall include—
H. R. 133—1958 
‘‘(A) for a student electing institutionally owned or 
operated food services, such as board or meal plans, a 
standard allowance for such services that provides the 
equivalent of three meals each day; 
‘‘(B) for a student not electing institutionally owned 
or operated food services, such as board or meal plans, 
a standard allowance for purchasing food off campus that 
provides the equivalent of three meals each day; 
‘‘(C) for a student without dependents residing in 
institutionally owned or operated housing, a standard 
allowance determined by the institution based on the aver-
age or median amount assessed to such residents for 
housing charges, whichever is greater; 
‘‘(D) for a student with dependents residing in institu-
tionally owned or operated housing, a standard allowance 
determined by the institution based on the average or 
median amount assessed to such residents for housing 
charges, whichever is greater; 
‘‘(E) for a student living off campus, and not in institu-
tionally owned or operated housing, a standard allowance 
for rent or other housing costs; 
‘‘(F) for a dependent student residing at home with 
parents, a standard allowance that shall not be zero deter-
mined by the institution; 
‘‘(G) for a student living in housing located on a mili-
tary base or for which a basic allowance is provided under 
section 403(b) of title 37, United States Code, a standard 
allowance for food based upon such student’s choice of 
purchasing food on-campus or off-campus (determined 
respectively in accordance with subparagraph (A) or (B)), 
but not for housing costs; and 
‘‘(H) for all other students, an allowance based on 
the expenses reasonably incurred by such students for 
housing and food; 
‘‘(6) for a student engaged in a program of study by cor-
respondence, only tuition and fees and, if required, books and 
supplies, travel, and housing and food costs incurred specifically 
in fulfilling a required period of residential training; 
‘‘(7) for a confined or incarcerated student, only tuition, 
fees, books, course materials, supplies, equipment, and the 
cost of obtaining a license, certification, or a first professional 
credential in accordance with paragraph (14); 
‘‘(8) for a student enrolled in an academic program in 
a program of study abroad approved for credit by the student’s 
home institution, reasonable costs associated with such study 
(as determined by the institution at which such student is 
enrolled); 
‘‘(9) for a student with one or more dependents, an allow-
ance based on the estimated actual expenses incurred for such 
dependent care, based on the number and age of such depend-
ents, except that— 
‘‘(A) such allowance shall not exceed the reasonable 
cost in the community in which such student resides for 
the kind of care provided; and 
‘‘(B) the period for which dependent care is required 
includes, but is not limited to, class-time, study-time, field 
work, internships, and commuting time;
H. R. 133—1959 
‘‘(10) for a student with a disability, an allowance (as 
determined by the institution) for those expenses related to 
the student’s disability, including special services, personal 
assistance, transportation, equipment, and supplies that are 
reasonably incurred and not provided for by other assisting 
agencies; 
‘‘(11) for a student receiving all or part of the student’s 
instruction by means of telecommunications technology, no 
distinction shall be made with respect to the mode of instruction 
in determining costs; 
‘‘(12) for a student engaged in a work experience under 
a cooperative education program, an allowance for reasonable 
costs associated with such employment (as determined by the 
institution); 
‘‘(13) for a student who receives a Federal student loan 
made under this title or any other Federal law, to cover a 
student’s cost of attendance at the institution, an allowance 
for the actual cost of any loan fee, origination fee, or insurance 
premium charged to such student or the parent of such student 
on such loan; and 
‘‘(14) for a student in a program requiring professional 
licensure, certification, or a first professional credential, the 
cost of obtaining the license, certification, or a first professional 
credential. 
‘‘(b) SPECIAL RULE FOR LIVING EXPENSES FOR LESS-THAN-HALF- 
TIME STUDENTS.—For students attending an institution of higher 
education less than half-time, an institution of higher education 
may include an allowance for living expenses, including food and 
housing costs in accordance with subsection (a)(4) for up to three 
semesters, or the equivalent, with no more than two semesters 
being consecutive. 
‘‘(c) DISCLOSURE OF COST OF ATTENDANCE ELEMENTS.—Each 
institution shall make publicly available on the institution’s website 
a list of all the elements of cost of attendance described in para-
graphs (1) through (14) of subsection (a), and shall disclose such 
elements on any portion of the website describing tuition and fees 
of the institution. 
‘‘SEC. 473. SPECIAL RULES FOR STUDENT AID INDEX. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For the purpose of this Act, the term ‘student 
aid index’ means, with respect to a student, an index that reflects 
an evaluation of a student’s approximate financial resources to 
contribute toward the student’s postsecondary education for the 
academic year, as determined in accordance with this part. 
‘‘(b) SPECIAL RULE FOR STUDENTS ELIGIBLE FOR THE TOTAL 
MAXIMUM PELL GRANT.—The Secretary shall consider an applicant 
to automatically have a student aid index equal to zero if the 
applicant is eligible for the total maximum Federal Pell Grant 
under section 401(b)(1)(A), except that, if the applicant has a cal-
culated student aid index of less than zero the Secretary shall 
consider the negative number as the student aid index for the 
applicant. 
‘‘(c) SPECIAL
RULE
FOR
NONFILERS.—Notwithstanding sub-
section (b), for an applicant (or, as applicable, an applicant and 
spouse, or an applicant’s parents) who is not required to file a 
Federal tax return for the second preceding tax year, the Secretary
H. R. 133—1960 
shall for the purposes of this title consider the student aid index 
as equal to – $1,500 for the applicant.’’. 
(c) DETERMINATION OF STUDENT AID INDEX.—Section 474 of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087nn) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 474. DETERMINATION OF STUDENT AID INDEX. 
‘‘The student aid index— 
‘‘(1) for a dependent student shall be determined in accord-
ance with section 475; 
‘‘(2) for a single independent student or a married inde-
pendent student without dependents (other than a spouse) shall 
be determined in accordance with section 476; and 
‘‘(3) for an independent student with dependents other 
than a spouse shall be determined in accordance with section 
477.’’. 
(d) STUDENT AID INDEX FOR DEPENDENT STUDENTS.—Section 
475 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087oo) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 475. STUDENT AID INDEX FOR DEPENDENT STUDENTS. 
‘‘(a) COMPUTATION OF STUDENT AID INDEX.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
for each dependent student, the student aid index is equal 
to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the assessment of the parents’ adjusted available 
income (determined in accordance with subsection (b)); 
‘‘(B) the assessment of the student’s available income 
(determined in accordance with subsection (g)); and 
‘‘(C) the student’s available assets (determined in 
accordance with subsection (h)). 
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—If the sum determined under paragraph 
(1) with respect to a dependent student is less than – $1,500, 
the student aid index for the dependent student shall be – 
$1,500. 
‘‘(b) ASSESSMENT OF PARENTS’ ADJUSTED AVAILABLE INCOME.— 
The assessment of parents’ adjusted available income is equal to 
the amount determined by— 
‘‘(1) computing adjusted available income by adding— 
‘‘(A) the parents’ available income (determined in 
accordance with subsection (c)); and 
‘‘(B) the parents’ available assets (determined in 
accordance with subsection (d)); 
‘‘(2) assessing such adjusted available income in accordance 
with the assessment schedule set forth in subsection (e); and 
‘‘(3) considering such assessment resulting under paragraph 
(2) as the amount determined under this subsection. 
‘‘(c) PARENTS’ AVAILABLE INCOME.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The parents’ available income is deter-
mined by subtracting from total income (as defined in section 
480)— 
‘‘(A) Federal income taxes; 
‘‘(B) an allowance for payroll taxes, determined in 
accordance with paragraph (2); 
‘‘(C) an income protection allowance, determined in 
accordance with paragraph (3); and 
‘‘(D) an employment expense allowance, determined 
in accordance with paragraph (4).
H. R. 133—1961 
‘‘(2) ALLOWANCE FOR PAYROLL TAXES.—The allowance for 
payroll taxes is equal to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the total amount earned by the parents, multiplied 
by the rate of tax under section 3101(b) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986; and 
‘‘(B) the amount earned by the parents that does not 
exceed such contribution and benefit base (twice such con-
tribution and benefit base, in the case of a joint return) 
for the year of the earnings, multiplied by the rate of 
tax applicable to such earnings under section 3101(a) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. 
‘‘(3) INCOME PROTECTION ALLOWANCE.—The income protec-
tion allowance shall equal the amount determined in the fol-
lowing table, as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant to section 
478(b): 
‘‘Income Protection Allowance (to be adjusted for 2023–2024 and 
succeeding years) 
Family Size (including student) 
Amount 
2 ....................................................................................................
$23,330
3 ....................................................................................................
$29,040
4 ....................................................................................................
$35,870
5 ....................................................................................................
$42,320
6 ....................................................................................................
$49,500
For each additional add ..............................................................
$5,590. 
‘‘(4) EMPLOYMENT EXPENSE ALLOWANCE.—The employment 
expense allowance is equal to the lesser of $4,000 or 35 percent 
of the single parent’s earned income or married parents’ com-
bined earned income (as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant 
to section 478(g)). 
‘‘(d) PARENTS’ AVAILABLE ASSETS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) DETERMINATION.—Except as provided in subpara-
graph (B), the parents’ available assets are equal to— 
‘‘(i) the difference between the parents’ assets and 
the asset protection allowance (determined in accord-
ance with paragraph (2)); multiplied by 
‘‘(ii) 12 percent. 
‘‘(B) NOT
LESS
THAN
ZERO.—The parents’ available 
assets under this subsection shall not be less than zero. 
‘‘(2) ASSET PROTECTION ALLOWANCE.—The asset protection 
allowance is calculated based on the following table (as revised 
by the Secretary pursuant to section 478(d)): 
‘‘Asset Protection Allowances for Parents of Dependent Students 
If the age of the oldest 
parent is— 
And there are 
two parents 
one parent 
then the allowance is— 
25 or less ......................
$0 
$0
26 ..................................
$400 
$100
27 ..................................
$700 
$300
H. R. 133—1963 
‘‘Parents’ Contribution From AAI 
If the parents’ AAI is— 
Then the parents’ contribution from AAI 
is— 
Less than – $6,820 ....................................
– $1,500 
– $6,820 to $17,400 ...................................
22% of AAI 
$17,401 to $21,800 ...................................
$3,828 + 25% of AAI over $17,400 
$21,801 to $26,200 ...................................
$4,928 + 29% of AAI over $21,800 
$26,201 to $30,700 ...................................
$6,204 + 34% of AAI over $26,200 
$30,701 to $35,100 ...................................
$7,734 + 40% of AAI over $30,700 
$35,101 or more ........................................
$9,494 + 47% of AAI over $35,100. 
‘‘(f) CONSIDERATION OF PARENTAL INCOME.— 
‘‘(1) PARENTS WHO LIVE TOGETHER.—Parental income and 
assets in the case of student whose parents are married and 
not separated, or who are unmarried but live together, shall 
include the income and assets of both parents. 
‘‘(2) DIVORCED OR SEPARATED PARENTS.—Parental income 
and assets for a student whose parents are divorced or sepa-
rated, but not remarried, is determined by including only the 
income and assets of the parent who provides the greater 
portion of the student’s financial support. 
‘‘(3) DEATH OF A PARENT.—Parental income and assets in 
the case of the death of any parent is determined as follows: 
‘‘(A) If either of the parents has died, the surviving 
parent shall be considered a single parent, until that parent 
has remarried. 
‘‘(B) If both parents have died, the student shall not 
report any parental income or assets. 
‘‘(4) REMARRIED PARENTS.—If a parent whose income and 
assets are taken into account under paragraph (2), or if a 
parent who is a widow or widower and whose income is taken 
into account under paragraph (3), has remarried, the income 
of that parent’s spouse shall be included in determining the 
parent’s assessment of adjusted available income if the stu-
dent’s parent and the stepparent are married as of the date 
of application for the award year concerned. 
‘‘(5) SINGLE PARENT WHO IS NOT DIVORCED OR SEPARATED.— 
Parental income and assets in the case of a student whose 
parent is not described in paragraph (1) and is a single parent 
who is not divorced, separated, or remarried, shall include 
the income and assets of such single parent. 
‘‘(g) STUDENT’S AVAILABLE INCOME.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The student’s available income is equal 
to— 
‘‘(A) the difference between the student’s total income 
(determined in accordance with section 480) and the adjust-
ment to student income (determined in accordance with 
paragraph (2)); multiplied by 
‘‘(B) 50 percent. 
‘‘(2) ADJUSTMENT TO STUDENT INCOME.—The adjustment 
to student income is equal to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) Federal income taxes; 
‘‘(B) an allowance for payroll taxes determined in 
accordance with paragraph (3); 
‘‘(C) an income protection allowance that is equal to 
$9,410, as adjusted pursuant to section 478(b); and
H. R. 133—1964 
‘‘(D) an allowance for parents’ negative available 
income, determined in accordance with paragraph (4). 
‘‘(3) ALLOWANCE FOR PAYROLL TAXES.—The allowance for 
payroll taxes is equal to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the total amount earned by the student, multiplied 
by the rate of tax under section 3101(b) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986; and 
‘‘(B) the amount earned by the student that does not 
exceed such contribution and benefit base for the year 
of the earnings, multiplied by the rate of tax applicable 
to such earnings under section 3101(a) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986. 
‘‘(4) ALLOWANCE
FOR
PARENTS’ 
NEGATIVE
AVAILABLE 
INCOME.—The allowance for parents’ negative available income 
is the amount, if any, by which the sum of the amounts 
deducted under subsection (c)(1) exceeds the sum of the parents’ 
total income (as defined in section 480) and the parents’ avail-
able assets (as determined in accordance with subsection (d)). 
‘‘(h) STUDENT’S ASSETS.—The student’s assets are determined 
by calculating the assets of the student and multiplying such 
amount by 20 percent, except that the result shall not be less 
than zero.’’. 
(e) STUDENT AID INDEX FOR INDEPENDENT STUDENTS WITHOUT 
DEPENDENTS OTHER THAN A SPOUSE.—Section 476 of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087pp) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 476. STUDENT AID INDEX FOR INDEPENDENT STUDENTS WITH-
OUT DEPENDENTS OTHER THAN A SPOUSE. 
‘‘(a) COMPUTATION OF STUDENT AID INDEX.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—For each independent student without 
dependents other than a spouse, the student aid index is equal 
to (except as provided in paragraph (2)) the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the family’s available income (determined in 
accordance with subsection (b)); and 
‘‘(B) the family’s available assets (determined in accord-
ance with subsection (c)). 
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—If the sum determined under paragraph 
(1) with respect to an independent student without dependents 
other than a spouse is less than – $1,500, the student aid 
index for the independent student shall be – $1,500. 
‘‘(b) FAMILY’S AVAILABLE INCOME.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The family’s available income is deter-
mined by— 
‘‘(A) deducting from total income (as defined in section 
480)— 
‘‘(i) Federal income taxes; 
‘‘(ii) an allowance for payroll taxes, determined 
in accordance with paragraph (2); 
‘‘(iii) an income protection allowance that is equal 
to— 
‘‘(I) in the case of a single independent student 
without dependents, $14,630, as adjusted pursuant 
to section 478(b); and 
‘‘(II) in the case of a married independent stu-
dent without dependents, $23,460, as adjusted 
pursuant to section 478(b); and
H. R. 133—1965 
‘‘(iv) in the case of a married independent student, 
an employment expense allowance, as determined in 
accordance with paragraph (3); and 
‘‘(B) 
multiplying 
the 
amount 
determined 
under 
subparagraph (A) by 50 percent. 
‘‘(2) ALLOWANCE FOR PAYROLL TAXES.—The allowance for 
payroll taxes is equal to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the total amount earned by the student (and 
spouse, if appropriate), multiplied by the rate of tax under 
section 3101(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and 
‘‘(B) the amount earned by the student (and spouse, 
if appropriate) that does not exceed such contribution and 
benefit base (twice such contribution and benefit base, in 
the case of a joint return) for the year of the earnings, 
multiplied by the rate of tax applicable to such earnings 
under section 3101(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986. 
‘‘(3) EMPLOYMENT EXPENSE ALLOWANCE.—The employment 
expense allowance is equal to the following: 
‘‘(A) If the student is married, such allowance is equal 
to the lesser of $4,000 or 35 percent of the couple’s com-
bined earned income (as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant 
to section 478(g)). 
‘‘(B) If the student is not married, the employment 
expense allowance is zero. 
‘‘(c) FAMILY’S AVAILABLE ASSETS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) DETERMINATION.—Except as provided in subpara-
graph (B), the family’s available assets are equal to— 
‘‘(i) the difference between the family’s assets (as 
defined in section 480(f)) and the asset protection 
allowance (determined in accordance with paragraph 
(2)); multiplied by 
‘‘(ii) 20 percent. 
‘‘(B) NOT
LESS
THAN
ZERO.—The family’s available 
assets under this subsection shall not be less than zero. 
‘‘(2) ASSET PROTECTION ALLOWANCE.—The asset protection 
allowance is calculated based on the following table (as revised 
by the Secretary pursuant to section 478(d)): 
‘‘Asset Protection Allowances for Families and Students 
If the age of the student 
is— 
And the student is 
married 
single 
then the allowance is— 
25 or less ......................
$0 
$0
26 ..................................
$400 
$100
27 ..................................
$700 
$300
28 ..................................
$1,100 
$400
29 ..................................
$1,500 
$600
30 ..................................
$1,800 
$700
31 ..................................
$2,200 
$800
32 ..................................
$2,600 
$1,000
33 ..................................
$2,900 
$1,100
34 ..................................
$3,300 
$1,300
H. R. 133—1966 
‘‘Asset Protection Allowances for Families and Students— 
Continued 
If the age of the student 
is— 
And the student is 
married 
single 
then the allowance is— 
35 ..................................
$3,700 
$1,400
36 ..................................
$4,000 
$1,500
37 ..................................
$4,400 
$1,700
38 ..................................
$4,800 
$1,800
39 ..................................
$5,100 
$2,000
40 ..................................
$5,500 
$2,100
41 ..................................
$5,600 
$2,200
42 ..................................
$5,700 
$2,200
43 ..................................
$5,900 
$2,300
44 ..................................
$6,000 
$2,300
45 ..................................
$6,200 
$2,400
46 ..................................
$6,300 
$2,400
47 ..................................
$6,500 
$2,500
48 ..................................
$6,600 
$2,500
49 ..................................
$6,800 
$2,600
50 ..................................
$7,000 
$2,700
51 ..................................
$7,100 
$2,700
52 ..................................
$7,300 
$2,800
53 ..................................
$7,500 
$2,900
54 ..................................
$7,700 
$2,900
55 ..................................
$7,900 
$3,000
56 ..................................
$8,100 
$3,100
57 ..................................
$8,400 
$3,100
58 ..................................
$8,600 
$3,200
59 ..................................
$8,800 
$3,300
60 ..................................
$9,100 
$3,400
61 ..................................
$9,300 
$3,500
62 ..................................
$9,600 
$3,600
63 ..................................
$9,900 
$3,700
64 ..................................
$10,200 
$3,800
65 or more ....................
$10,500 
$3,900. 
‘‘(d) COMPUTATIONS
IN CASE
OF SEPARATION, DIVORCE, OR 
DEATH.—In the case of a student who is divorced or separated, 
or whose spouse has died, the spouse’s income and assets shall 
not be considered in determining the family’s available income 
or assets.’’. 
(f) STUDENT AID INDEX
FOR INDEPENDENT STUDENTS WITH 
DEPENDENTS OTHER THAN A SPOUSE.—Section 477 of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087qq) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 477. STUDENT AID INDEX FOR INDEPENDENT STUDENTS WITH 
DEPENDENTS OTHER THAN A SPOUSE. 
‘‘(a) COMPUTATION OF STUDENT AID INDEX.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—For each independent student with 
dependents other than a spouse, the student aid index is equal 
to the amount determined by— 
‘‘(A) computing adjusted available income by adding—
H. R. 133—1967 
‘‘(i) the family’s available income (determined in 
accordance with subsection (b)); and 
‘‘(ii) the family’s available assets (determined in 
accordance with subsection (c)); 
‘‘(B) assessing such adjusted available income in 
accordance with an assessment schedule set forth in sub-
section (d); and 
‘‘(C) considering such assessment resulting under 
subparagraph (B) as the amount determined under this 
subsection. 
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—If the sum determined under paragraph 
(1) with respect to an independent student with dependents 
other than a spouse is less than – $1,500, the student aid 
index for the independent student shall be – $1,500. 
‘‘(b) FAMILY’S AVAILABLE INCOME.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The family’s available income is deter-
mined by deducting from total income (as defined in section 
480)— 
‘‘(A) Federal income taxes; 
‘‘(B) an allowance for payroll taxes, determined in 
accordance with paragraph (2); 
‘‘(C) an income protection allowance, determined in 
accordance with paragraph (3); and 
‘‘(D) an employment expense allowance, determined 
in accordance with paragraph (4). 
‘‘(2) ALLOWANCE FOR PAYROLL TAXES.—The allowance for 
payroll taxes is equal to the sum of— 
‘‘(A) the total amount earned by the student (and 
spouse, if appropriate), multiplied by the rate of tax under 
section 3101(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and 
‘‘(B) the amount earned by the student (and spouse, 
if appropriate) that does not exceed such contribution and 
benefit base (twice such contribution and benefit base, in 
the case of a joint return) for the year of the earnings, 
multiplied by the rate of tax applicable to such earnings 
under section 3101(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986. 
‘‘(3) INCOME PROTECTION ALLOWANCE.—The income protec-
tion allowance shall equal the amount determined in the fol-
lowing table, as adjusted by the Secretary pursuant to section 
478(b): 
‘‘(A) In the case of a married independent student 
with dependents: 
‘‘Income Protection Allowance (to be adjusted for 2023–2024 and 
succeeding years) 
Family Size (including student) 
Amount 
3 ....................................................................................................
$46,140
4 ....................................................................................................
$56,970
5 ....................................................................................................
$67,230
6 ....................................................................................................
$78,620
For each additional add ..............................................................
$8,880. 
‘‘(B) In the case of a single independent student with 
dependents: