480 
lication, play, motion picture, broadcast, telecast, or other 
production, is approved, endorsed, or authorized by or asso-
ciated in any manner with, the United States Mint; 
‘‘(11) uses the words ‘Overseas Private Investment’, 
‘Overseas Private Investment Corporation’, or ‘OPIC’, as 
part of the business or firm name of a person, corporation, 
partnership, business trust, association, or business entity; 
‘‘(12) except with the written permission of the Adminis-
trator of the Drug Enforcement Administration, knowingly 
uses the words ‘Drug Enforcement Administration’ or the 
initials ‘DEA’ or any colorable imitation of such words or 
initials, in connection with any advertisement, circular, 
book, pamphlet, software or other publication, play, motion 
picture, broadcast, telecast, or other production, in a man-
ner reasonably calculated to convey the impression that 
such advertisement, circular, book, pamphlet, software or 
other publication, play, motion picture, broadcast, telecast, 
or other production is approved, endorsed, or authorized by 
the Drug Enforcement Administration; or 
‘‘(13) except with the written permission of the Director of 
the United States Marshals Service, knowingly uses the words 
‘United States Marshals Service’, ‘U.S. Marshals Service’, 
‘United States Marshal’, ‘U.S. Marshal’, ‘U.S.M.S.’, or any 
colorable imitation of any such words, or the likeness of a 
United States Marshals Service badge, logo, or insignia on any 
item of apparel, in connection with any advertisement, circular, 
book, pamphlet, software, or other publication, or any play, mo-
tion picture, broadcast, telecast, or other production, in a man-
ner that is reasonably calculated to convey the impression that 
the wearer of the item of apparel is acting pursuant to the legal 
authority of the United States Marshals Service, or to convey 
the impression that such advertisement, circular, book, pam-
phlet, software, or other publication, or such play, motion pic-
ture, broadcast, telecast, or other production, is approved, en-
dorsed, or authorized by the United States Marshals Service; 
shall be punished fined. 
‘‘(b) EXCLUSIONS.— 
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481 
‘‘(1) LAWFUL BEFORE ENACTMENT.—This section does 
not make unlawful the use of any name or title which was 
lawful on June 25, 1948. 
‘‘(2) INSURANCE.—This section shall not make unlawful 
the use of the word ‘national’ as part of the name of any 
business or firm engaged in the insurance or indemnity 
business, whether such firm was engaged in the insurance 
or indemnity business prior or subsequent to the date of 
enactment of this paragraph. 
‘‘(c) ENJOINING OF VIOLATION.—A violation of this section 
may be enjoined at the suit of the United States Attorney, 
upon complaint by any duly authorized representative of any 
department or agency of the United States. 
‘‘§ 1056. Misuse of names, words, emblems, or in-
signia 
‘‘Whoever, in the course of collecting or aiding in the collec-
tion of private debts or obligations, or being engaged in fur-
nishing private police, investigation, or other private detective 
services, uses or employs in any communication, correspond-
ence, notice, advertisement, or circular the words ‘national’, 
‘Federal’, or ‘United States’, the initials ‘U.S.’, or any emblem, 
insignia, or name, for the purpose of conveying and in a man-
ner reasonably calculated to convey the false impression that 
such communication is from a department, agency, bureau, or 
instrumentality of the United States or in any manner rep-
resents the United States, shall be imprisoned not more than 
one year. 
‘‘§ 1057. Use of likenesses of the great seal of the 
United States, the seals of the President 
and Vice President, the seal of the United 
States Senate, the seal of the United 
States House of Representatives, and the 
seal of the United States Congress 
‘‘(a) DISPLAY.—Whoever knowingly displays any printed or 
other likeness of the great seal of the United States, or of the 
seals of the President or the Vice President of the United 
States, or the seal of the United States Senate, or the seal of 
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482 
the United States House of Representatives, or the seal of the 
United States Congress, or any facsimile thereof, in, or in con-
nection with, any advertisement, poster, circular, book, pam-
phlet, or other publication, public meeting, play, motion pic-
ture, telecast, or other production, or on any building, monu-
ment, or stationery, for the purpose of conveying, or in a man-
ner reasonably calculated to convey, a false impression of spon-
sorship or approval by the Government of the United States or 
by any department, agency, or instrumentality thereof, shall be 
imprisoned not more than six months. 
‘‘(b) LIKENESS ON ARTICLES.— Whoever, except as author-
ized under regulations promulgated by the President and pub-
lished in the Federal Register, knowingly manufactures, repro-
duces, sells, or purchases for resale, either separately or ap-
pended to any article manufactured or sold, any likeness of the 
seals of the President or Vice President, or any substantial 
part thereof, except for manufacture or sale of the article for 
the official use of the Government of the United States, shall 
be imprisoned not more than six months. 
‘‘(c) SEAL OF THE UNITED STATES.—Whoever, except as di-
rected by the United States Senate, or the Secretary of the 
Senate on its behalf, knowingly uses, manufactures, reproduces, 
sells or purchases for resale, either separately or appended to 
any article manufactured or sold, any likeness of the seal of the 
United States Senate, or any substantial part thereof, except 
for manufacture or sale of the article for the official use of the 
Government of the United States, shall be imprisoned not more 
than six months. 
‘‘(d) SEAL OF UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTA-
TIVES.—Whoever, except as directed by the United States 
House of Representatives, or the Clerk of the House of Rep-
resentatives on its behalf, knowingly uses, manufactures, repro-
duces, sells or purchases for resale, either separately or ap-
pended to any article manufactured or sold, any likeness of the 
seal of the United States House of Representatives, or any sub-
stantial part thereof, except for manufacture or sale of the arti-
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cle for the official use of the Government of the United States, 
shall be imprisoned not more than six months. 
‘‘(e) SEAL OF CONGRESS.—Whoever, except as directed by 
the United States Congress, or the Secretary of the Senate and 
the Clerk of the House of Representatives, acting jointly on its 
behalf, knowingly uses, manufactures, reproduces, sells or pur-
chases for resale, either separately or appended to any article 
manufactured or sold, any likeness of the seal of the United 
States Congress, or any substantial part thereof, except for 
manufacture or sale of the article for the official use of the 
Government of the United States, shall be imprisoned not more 
than six months. 
‘‘(f) VIOLATION MAY BE ENJOINED.—A violation of the pro-
visions of this section may be enjoined at the suit of the Attor-
ney General— 
‘‘(1) in the case of the great seal of the United States 
and the seals of the President and Vice President, upon 
complaint by any authorized representative of any depart-
ment or agency of the United States; 
‘‘(2) in the case of the seal of the United States Senate, 
upon complaint by the Secretary of the Senate; 
‘‘(3) in the case of the seal of the United States House 
of Representatives, upon complaint by the Clerk of the 
House of Representatives; and 
‘‘(4) in the case of the seal of the United States Con-
gress, upon complaint by the Secretary of the Senate and 
the Clerk of the House of Representatives, acting jointly. 
‘‘§ 1058. Public employee insignia and uniform 
‘‘(a) Whoever— 
‘‘(1) knowingly transfers, transports, or receives, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, a counterfeit official insig-
nia or uniform; 
‘‘(2) knowingly transfers, in interstate or foreign com-
merce, a genuine official insignia or uniform to an indi-
vidual, knowing that such individual is not authorized to 
possess it under the law of the place in which the badge 
is the official insignia or uniform; 
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‘‘(3) knowingly receives a genuine official insignia or uni-
form in a transfer prohibited by paragraph (2); or 
‘‘(4) being a person not authorized to possess a genuine 
official insignia or uniform under the law of the place in 
which the badge is the official insignia or uniform, know-
ingly transports that badge in interstate or foreign com-
merce, 
shall be imprisoned not more than 6 months. 
‘‘(b) It is a defense to a prosecution under this section that 
the insignia or uniform is other than a counterfeit insignia or 
uniform and is not used to mislead or deceive, or is used or 
is intended to be used exclusively— 
‘‘(1) as a memento, or in a collection or exhibit; 
‘‘(2) for decorative purposes; 
‘‘(3) for a dramatic presentation, such as a theatrical, 
film, or television production; or 
‘‘(4) for any other recreational purpose. 
‘‘(c) It is a defense to a prosecution under this section that 
the official insignia or uniform is not used or intended to be 
used to mislead or deceive, or is a counterfeit insignia or uni-
form and is used or is intended to be used exclusively— 
‘‘(1) for a dramatic presentation, such as a theatrical, 
film, or television production; or 
‘‘(2) for legitimate law enforcement purposes. 
‘‘(d) As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘genuine police badge’ means an official 
badge issued by public authority to identify an individual 
as a law enforcement officer having police powers; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘counterfeit police badge’ means an item 
that so resembles a police badge that it would deceive an 
ordinary individual into believing it was a genuine police 
badge; and 
‘‘(3) the term ‘official insignia or uniform’ means an ar-
ticle of distinctive clothing or insignia, including a badge, 
emblem or identification card, that is an indicium of the 
authority of a public employee; 
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