I 
113TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4412 
To authorize the programs of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 7, 2014 
Mr. PALAZZO (for himself and Mr. SMITH of Texas) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
A BILL 
To authorize the programs of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘National Aeronautics and Space Administration Author-
ization Act of 2014’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Definitions. 
TITLE I—AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS 
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Sec. 101. Fiscal year 2014. 
TITLE II—HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT 
Subtitle A—Exploration 
Sec. 201. Space exploration policy. 
Sec. 202. Stepping stone approach to exploration. 
Sec. 203. Space Launch System. 
Sec. 204. Orion crew capsule. 
Sec. 205. Advanced booster competition. 
Subtitle B—Space Operations 
Sec. 211. Findings. 
Sec. 212. International Space Station. 
Sec. 213. Commercial crew report. 
Sec. 214. Flight readiness demonstration. 
Sec. 215. Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel advice. 
Sec. 216. Space communications. 
TITLE III—SCIENCE 
Subtitle A—General 
Sec. 301. Science portfolio. 
Sec. 302. Assessment of science mission extensions. 
Sec. 303. Radioisotope thermoelectric generators. 
Sec. 304. Congressional declaration of policy and purpose. 
Sec. 305. Utilization of International Space Station for Science Missions. 
Subtitle B—Astrophysics 
Sec. 311. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 312. Extrasolar planet exploration strategy. 
Sec. 313. James Webb Space Telescope. 
Sec. 314. Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope. 
Sec. 315. National Reconnaissance Office telescope donation. 
Subtitle C—Planetary Science 
Sec. 321. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 322. Near-Earth objects. 
Sec. 323. Astrobiology strategy. 
Sec. 324. Public-private partnerships. 
Subtitle D—Heliophysics 
Sec. 331. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 332. Review of space weather. 
Sec. 333. Deep Space Climate Observatory. 
Subtitle E—Earth Science 
Sec. 341. Goal. 
Sec. 342. Decadal cadence. 
Sec. 343. Research to operations. 
Sec. 344. Interagency coordination. 
Sec. 345. Joint Polar Satellite System climate sensors. 
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Sec. 346. Land imaging. 
Sec. 347. Sources of Earth science data. 
TITLE IV—AERONAUTICS 
Sec. 401. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 402. Unmanned aerial systems research and development. 
Sec. 403. Research program on composite materials used in aeronautics. 
Sec. 404. Hypersonic research. 
Sec. 405. Supersonic research. 
Sec. 406. Research on NextGen airspace management concepts and tools. 
Sec. 407. Rotorcraft research. 
TITLE V—SPACE TECHNOLOGY 
Sec. 501. Space technology. 
Sec. 502. Utilization of the International Space Station for technology dem-
onstrations. 
TITLE VI—EDUCATION 
Sec. 601. Education. 
Sec. 602. Independent review of the National Space Grant College and Fellow-
ship Program. 
TITLE VII—POLICY PROVISIONS 
Sec. 701. Asteroid Retrieval Mission. 
Sec. 702. Termination liability. 
Sec. 703. Baseline and cost controls. 
Sec. 704. Project and program reserves. 
Sec. 705. Independent reviews. 
Sec. 706. Space Act Agreements. 
Sec. 707. Human spaceflight accident investigations. 
Sec. 708. Commercial technology transfer program. 
Sec. 709. Orbital debris. 
Sec. 710. NASA Advisory Council. 
Sec. 711. Cost estimation. 
Sec. 712. Detection and avoidance of counterfeit electronic parts. 
Sec. 713. Prohibition on use of funds for contractors that have committed 
fraud or other crimes. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) ADMINISTRATION.—The term ‘‘Administra-
tion’’ means the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration. 
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(2) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the Administra-
tion. 
(3) ORION CREW CAPSULE.—The term ‘‘Orion 
crew capsule’’ refers to the multipurpose crew vehi-
cle described in section 303 of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18323). 
(4) SPACE ACT AGREEMENT.—The term ‘‘Space 
Act Agreement’’ means an agreement created under 
the authority to enter into ‘‘other transactions’’ 
under section 20113(e) of title 51, United States 
Code. 
(5) SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘Space 
Launch System’’ refers to the follow-on Government- 
owned civil launch system developed, managed, and 
operated by the Administration to serve as a key 
component to expand human presence beyond low- 
Earth orbit, as described in section 302 of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322). 
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TITLE I—AUTHORIZATION OF 
APPROPRIATIONS 
SEC. 101. FISCAL YEAR 2014. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Ad-
ministration for fiscal year 2014 $17,646,500,000 as fol-
lows: 
(1) For Space Exploration, $4,113,200,000, of 
which— 
(A) $1,918,200,000 shall be for the Space 
Launch System, of which $318,200,000 shall be 
for Exploration Ground Systems; 
(B) $1,197,000,000 shall be for the Orion 
crew capsule; 
(C) $302,000,000 shall be for Exploration 
Research and Development; and 
(D) $696,000,000 shall be for Commercial 
Crew Development activities. 
(2) For Space Operations, $3,778,000,000, of 
which $2,984,100,000 shall be for the International 
Space Station Program. 
(3) For Science, $5,151,200,000, of which— 
(A) $1,826,000,000 shall be for Earth 
Science; 
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(B) $1,345,000,000 shall be for Planetary 
Science, of which $30,000,000 shall be for the 
Astrobiology Institute; 
(C) $668,000,000 shall be for Astro-
physics; 
(D) $658,200,000 shall be for the James 
Webb Space Telescope; and 
(E) 
$654,000,000 
shall 
be 
for 
Heliophysics. 
(4) For Aeronautics, $566,000,000. 
(5) For Space Technology, $576,000,000. 
(6) For Education, $116,600,000. 
(7) For Cross-Agency Support, $2,793,000,000. 
(8) For Construction and Environmental Com-
pliance and Restoration, $515,000,000. 
(9) For Inspector General, $37,500,000. 
TITLE II—HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT 
Subtitle A—Exploration 
SEC. 201. SPACE EXPLORATION POLICY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Congress supports a human exploration pro-
gram that is not critically dependent on the achieve-
ment of milestones by fixed dates and an exploration 
technology development program to enable lunar 
human and robotic operations, as described in para-
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graphs (1) and (2) of section 70502 of title 51, 
United States Code. 
(2) Congress supports the expansion of perma-
nent human presence beyond low-Earth orbit, in a 
manner involving international partners, commercial 
partners, and other not-for-profit partners where 
practical. 
(3) Congress remains committed to ensuring 
that authorized budgets for the human space flight 
program should allow the Administration to main-
tain high safety standards. 
(4) Exploration deeper into the solar system 
should be the core mission of the Administration. 
(5) Congress strongly supports the development 
of the Space Launch System and the Orion crew 
capsule as the enabling elements for human explo-
ration, advanced scientific missions, and national se-
curity priorities beyond low-Earth orbit. 
(b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the development of capabilities and technologies nec-
essary for human missions to lunar orbit, the surface of 
the Moon, the surface of Mars, and beyond shall be the 
goal of the Administration’s human space flight program. 
(c) VISION
FOR
SPACE
EXPLORATION.—Section 
20302 of title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
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(1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall estab-
lish a program to develop a sustained human presence on 
the Moon and the surface of Mars, including a robust pre-
cursor program that follows the stepping stone plan re-
quired in section 70504 to promote exploration, science, 
commerce, and United States preeminence in space. The 
Administrator is further authorized to develop and con-
duct appropriate international collaborations, commercial 
collaborations, and other not-for-profit collaborations in 
pursuit of such program, but the absence of such partner-
ships may not be justification for failure to pursue such 
program in a timely manner.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by striking paragraph (1) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(1) Returning Americans to the Moon.’’; 
(B) by striking paragraph (2) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(2) Launching the first crewed mission of the 
fully integrated Orion crew capsule with the Space 
Launch System as close to 2020 as possible.’’; and 
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(C) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘from 
Mars and’’ and inserting ‘‘from the Moon, 
Mars, and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ORION CREW CAPSULE.—The term ‘Orion 
crew capsule’ refers to the multipurpose crew vehicle 
described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 18323). 
‘‘(2) SPACE
LAUNCH
SYSTEM.—The term 
‘Space Launch System’ refers to the follow-on Gov-
ernment-owned civil launch system developed, man-
aged, and operated by the Administration to serve as 
a key component to expand human presence beyond 
low-Earth orbit, as described in section 302 of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322).’’. 
(d) KEY OBJECTIVES.—Section 202(b) of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Authoriza-
tion Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’ after 
the semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
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(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) to accelerate the development of capabili-
ties to enable a human exploration mission to the 
surface 
of 
Mars 
and 
beyond 
through 
the 
prioritization of those technologies and capabilities 
best suited for such a mission in accordance with the 
Mars Human Exploration Roadmap under section 
70504 of title 51, United States Code.’’. 
(e) USE OF NON-UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT
TRANSPORTATION
CAPABILITIES.—Section 
201(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18311(a)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(a) USE OF NON-UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT TRANSPORTATION CAPABILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—NASA may not obtain non- 
United States human space flight capabilities unless 
no domestic commercial or public-private partnership 
provider that the Administrator has determined to 
meet safety requirements established by NASA for 
the transport of its astronauts is available to provide 
such capabilities. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sub-
section, the term ‘domestic commercial provider’ 
means a person providing space transportation serv-
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ices or other space-related activities, the majority 
control of which is held by persons other than a 
Federal, State, local, or foreign government, foreign 
company, or foreign national.’’. 
(f) REPEAL OF SPACE SHUTTLE CAPABILITY ASSUR-
ANCE.—Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18313) is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (b); 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘subsection 
(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (b)’’; and 
(3) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as 
subsections (b) and (c), respectively. 
(g) FULLEST COMMERCIAL USE OF SPACE.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate a report on current and con-
tinuing efforts by the Administration to ‘‘seek and 
encourage, to the maximum extent possible, the full-
est commercial use of space,’’ as described in section 
20102(c) of title 51, United States Code. 
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(2) ELEMENTS.—The report required under 
subsection (a) shall include— 
(A) an assessment of the Administration’s 
efforts to comply with the policy; 
(B) an explanation of criteria used to de-
fine compliance; 
(C) a description of programs, policies, and 
activities the Administration is using, and will 
continue to use, to ensure compliance; 
(D) an explanation of how the Administra-
tion could expand on the efforts to comply; and 
(E) a summary of all current and planned 
activities pursuant to this policy. 
(h) BARRIERS TO FULLEST COMMERCIAL USE OF 
SPACE.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Administrator shall transmit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
on current and continuing efforts by the Administration 
to reduce impediments, bureaucracy, redundancy, and 
burdens to ensure the fullest commercial use of space as 
required in section 20102(c) of title 51, United States 
Code. 
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SEC. 202. STEPPING STONE APPROACH TO EXPLORATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 70504 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 70504. Stepping stone approach to exploration 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to maximize the cost 
effectiveness of the long-term space exploration and utili-
zation activities of the United States, the Administrator 
shall direct the Human Exploration and Operations Mis-
sion Directorate to develop a Mars Human Exploration 
Roadmap to define the specific capabilities and tech-
nologies necessary to extend human presence to the sur-
face of Mars and the mission sets required to demonstrate 
such capabilities and technologies. 
‘‘(b) INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION.—The Presi-
dent should invite the United States partners in the Inter-
national Space Station program and other nations, as ap-
propriate, to participate in an international initiative 
under the leadership of the United States to achieve the 
goal of successfully conducting a crewed mission to the 
surface of Mars. 
‘‘(c) ROADMAP REQUIREMENTS.—In developing the 
Mars Human Exploration Roadmap, the Administrator 
shall— 
‘‘(1) include the specific set of capabilities and 
technologies required to extend human presence to 
the surface of Mars and the mission sets necessary 
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to demonstrate the proficiency of these capabilities 
and technologies with an emphasis on using the 
International Space Station, lunar landings, cis- 
lunar space, trans-lunar space, Lagrangian points, 
and the natural satellites of Mars, Phobos and 
Deimos, as testbeds, as necessary, and shall include 
the most appropriate process for developing such ca-
pabilities and technologies; 
‘‘(2) describe those technologies already under 
development across the Federal Government or by 
nongovernment entities which meet or exceed the 
needs described in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(3) provide a specific process for the evolution 
of the capabilities of the fully integrated Orion crew 
capsule with the Space Launch System and how 
these systems demonstrate the capabilities and tech-
nologies described in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(4) provide a description of the capabilities 
and technologies that could be demonstrated or re-
search data that could be gained through the utiliza-
tion of the International Space Station and the sta-
tus of the development of such capabilities and tech-
nologies; 
‘‘(5) describe a framework for international co-
operation in the development of all technologies and 
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capabilities required in this section, as well as an as-
sessment of the risks posed by relying on inter-
national partners for capabilities and technologies on 
the critical path of development; 
‘‘(6) describe a process for utilizing nongovern-
mental entities for future human exploration beyond 
trans-lunar space and specify what, if any, synergy 
could be gained from— 
‘‘(A) partnerships using Space Act Agree-
ments (as defined in section 2 of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Author-
ization Act of 2014); or 
‘‘(B) other acquisition instruments; 
‘‘(7) include in the Roadmap an addendum 
from the NASA Advisory Council, and an addendum 
from the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, each 
with a statement of review of the Roadmap that 
shall include— 
‘‘(A) subjects of agreement; 
‘‘(B) areas of concern; and 
‘‘(C) recommendations; and 
‘‘(8) include in the Roadmap an examination of 
the benefits of utilizing current Administration 
launch facilities for trans-lunar missions. 
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‘‘(d) UPDATES.—The Administrator shall update 
such Roadmap at least every 4 years and include it in the 
budget for that fiscal year transmitted to Congress under 
section 1105(a) of title 31, and describe— 
‘‘(1) the achievements and goals reached in the 
process of developing such capabilities and tech-
nologies during the 4-year period prior to the sub-
mission of the Roadmap to Congress; and 
‘‘(2) the expected goals and achievements in the 
following 4-year period. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—The terms ‘Orion crew capsule’ 
and ‘Space Launch System’ have the meanings given such 
terms in section 20302.’’. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall transmit a copy of the Mars Human Explo-
ration Roadmap developed under section 70504 of 
title 51, United States Code, to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 
(2) UPDATES.—The Administrator shall trans-
mit a copy of each updated Mars Human Explo-
ration Roadmap to the Committee on Science, 
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Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate not later than 7 days 
after such Roadmap is updated under section 
70504(b)(6) of such title. 
SEC. 203. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) the Space Launch System is the most prac-
tical approach to reaching the Moon, Mars, and be-
yond, and Congress reaffirms the policy and min-
imum capability requirements for the Space Launch 
System contained in section 302 of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322); 
(2) the primary goal for the design of the fully 
integrated Space Launch System is to safely carry 
a total payload of 130 tons or more to low-Earth 
orbit to enable human space exploration of the 
Moon, Mars, and beyond over the course of the next 
century as required in section 302(c) of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)); 
(3) the uncrewed flight test of the 70-ton core 
element of the Space Launch System fully inte-
grated with the Orion crew capsule as described in 
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section 302(c)(1) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18322(c)(1)) is a necessary flight demonstra-
tion in an overall program plan, subject to appro-
priations; and 
(4) the schedule of the 70-ton core element 
crewed flight demonstration in 2021 with the Space 
Launch System fully integrated with the Orion crew 
capsule as described in section 302(c)(1) of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(1)) is 
subject to appropriations. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—As required in section 302(c)(2) 
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(2)), the Ad-
ministration shall design the Space Launch System as a 
fully integrated vehicle capable of carrying a total payload 
of 130 tons or more into low-Earth orbit in preparation 
for transit for missions beyond low-Earth orbit. 
(c) PROGRESS REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Using the President’s budg-
et request for fiscal year 2014 and notional numbers 
requested therein as a baseline, not later than 90 
days after the date of enactment of this Act the Ad-
ministrator shall transmit to the Committee on 
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Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate an esti-
mate of— 
(A) when the 70-ton core element of the 
Space Launch System fully integrated with the 
Orion crew capsule may be demonstrated as an 
operational capability; 
(B) when the 130-ton Space Launch Sys-
tem fully integrated with the Orion crew cap-
sule may be demonstrated as an operational ca-
pability; 
(C) the projected annual operational costs 
through 2030 for the 130-ton Space Launch 
System fully integrated with the Orion crew 
capsule after its operational capability has been 
demonstrated; and 
(D) the projected flight rate for the 130- 
ton Space Launch System fully integrated with 
the Orion crew capsule through 2030. 
(2) CONTINGENCY
FUNDING
ESTIMATES.—If 
the Administrator determines that the uncrewed test 
flight of the 70-ton core element of the Space 
Launch System fully integrated with the Orion crew 
capsule will not occur on or before December 31, 
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2017, or that the crewed test flight of the 70-ton 
core element of the Space Launch System fully inte-
grated with the Orion crew capsule will not occur on 
or before December 31, 2021, the report transmitted 
under paragraph (1) shall include an estimate of ad-
ditional funds required through annual appropria-
tions for fiscal years 2015 through 2021 which may 
be necessary to meet such goals in those years. 
(d) UTILIZATION REPORT.—The Administrator, in 
consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Direc-
tor of National Intelligence, shall prepare a report that 
addresses the effort and budget required to enable and 
utilize a cargo variant of the 130-ton Space Launch Sys-
tem configuration described in section 302(c) of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Authoriza-
tion Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)). This report shall 
also include consideration of the technical requirements of 
the scientific and national security communities related to 
such Space Launch System and shall directly assess the 
utility and estimated cost savings obtained by using such 
Space Launch System for national security and space 
science missions. The Administrator shall transmit such 
report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
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not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act. 
(e) NAMING COMPETITION.—Beginning not later 
than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act and 
concluding not later than 1 year after such date of enact-
ment, the Administrator shall conduct a well-publicized 
competition among students in elementary and secondary 
schools to name the elements of the Administration’s ex-
ploration program, including— 
(1) a name for the deep space human explo-
ration program as a whole, which includes the Space 
Launch System, the Orion crew capsule, lunar 
landers, and future missions; and 
(2) a name for the Space Launch System. 
SEC. 204. ORION CREW CAPSULE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Orion crew capsule shall meet 
the practical needs and the minimum capability require-
ments described in section 303 of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
2010 (42 U.S.C. 18323). 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall transmit 
a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
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on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate— 
(1) detailing those components and systems of 
the Orion crew capsule that ensure it is in compli-
ance with section 303(b) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
18323(b)); 
(2) detailing the expected date that the Orion 
crew capsule will be available to transport crew and 
cargo to the International Space Station; and 
(3) certifying that the requirements of section 
303(b)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 18323(b)(3)) will 
be met by the Administration in time for the first 
crewed test flight in 2021. 
SEC. 205. ADVANCED BOOSTER COMPETITION. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Associate Administrator of 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
a report that— 
(1) describes the estimated total development 
cost of an advanced booster for the Space Launch 
System; 
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(2) details any reductions or increases to the 
development cost of the Space Launch System which 
may result from conducting a competition for an ad-
vanced booster; and 
(3) outlines any potential schedule delay to the 
Space Launch System 2017 EM–1 launch as a re-
sult of increased costs associated with conducting a 
competition for an advanced booster. 
(b) COMPETITION.—If the Associate Administrator 
reports reductions pursuant to paragraph (2) of sub-
section (a), and no adverse schedule impact pursuant to 
paragraph (3), then the Administration shall conduct a 
full and open competition for an advanced booster for the 
Space Launch System to meet the requirements described 
in section 302(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
18322(c)), to begin not later than 1 year after the Asso-
ciate Administrator transmits the report required under 
subsection (a). 
Subtitle B—Space Operations 
SEC. 211. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) The International Space Station is the ideal 
short-term testbed for future exploration systems de-
velopment, including long-duration space travel. 
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(2) The use of the private market to provide 
cargo and crew transportation services is currently 
the most expeditious process to restore domestic ac-
cess to the International Space Station and low- 
Earth orbit. 
(3) Government-assured access to low-Earth 
orbit is paramount to the continued success of the 
International Space Station and National Labora-
tory. 
(4) Acquiring and maintaining an operational 
domestic commercial crew transportation service by 
the year 2017 is of the utmost importance for the 
future viability of the International Space Station 
and National Laboratory. 
SEC. 212. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The following is the policy of the 
United States: 
(1) The International Space Station shall be 
utilized to the maximum extent practicable for the 
development of capabilities and technologies needed 
for the future of human exploration beyond low- 
Earth orbit. 
(2) The Administrator shall, in consultation 
with the International Space Station partners— 
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(A) take all necessary measures to support 
the operation and full utilization of the Inter-
national Space Station; and 
(B) seek to minimize, to the extent prac-
ticable, the operating costs of the International 
Space Station. 
(3) Reliance on foreign carriers for crew trans-
fer is unacceptable, and the Nation’s human space 
flight program must acquire the capability to launch 
United States astronauts on United States rockets 
from United States soil as soon as is safe and prac-
tically possible, whether on Government-owned and 
operated space transportation systems or privately 
owned systems that have been certified for flight by 
the appropriate Federal agencies. 
(b) REAFFIRMATION
OF POLICY.—Congress reaf-
firms— 
(1) its commitment to the development of a 
commercially developed launch and delivery system 
to the International Space Station for crew missions 
as expressed in the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public 
Law 109–155), the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public 
Law 110–422), and the National Aeronautics and 
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