report that assesses the performance of Federal agencies 
with respect to— 
(1) complying with chapter 6 of title 5, United 
States Code, in promulgating regulations applicable 
to the critical minerals industry; and 
(2) performing an analysis of regulations appli-
cable to the critical minerals industry that may be 
outmoded, inefficient, duplicative, or excessively bur-
densome. 
(k) APPLICATION.—Section 41001(6)(A) of the 
FAST Act (42 U.S.C. 4370m(6)(A)) is amended by in-
serting ‘‘(including critical mineral manufacturing (as de-
fined in section 2 of the ‘American Critical Mineral Explo-
ration and Innovation Act’))’’ after ‘‘manufacturing’’. 
SEC. 105. FEDERAL REGISTER PROCESS. 
(a) DEPARTMENTAL REVIEW.—Absent any extraor-
dinary circumstance, and except as otherwise required by 
law, the Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
ensure that each Federal Register notice described in sub-
section (b) shall be— 
(1) subject to any required reviews within the 
Department of the Interior or the Department of 
Agriculture; and 
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(2) published in final form in the Federal Reg-
ister not later than 45 days after the date of initial 
preparation of the notice. 
(b) PREPARATION.—The preparation of Federal Reg-
ister notices required by law associated with the issuance 
of a critical mineral exploration or mine permit shall be 
delegated to the organizational level within the agency re-
sponsible for issuing the critical mineral exploration or 
mine permit. 
(c) TRANSMISSION.—All Federal Register notices re-
garding official document availability, announcements of 
meetings, or notices of intent to undertake an action shall 
be originated in, and transmitted to the Federal Register 
from, the office in which, as applicable— 
(1) the documents or meetings are held; or 
(2) the activity is initiated. 
SEC. 106. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CRITICAL MINERALS 
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
carry out a crosscutting research and development pro-
gram to accelerate innovation in advanced critical minerals 
development strategies and technologies for the purpose 
of making better use of domestic resources and elimi-
nating national reliance on minerals and mineral materials 
that are subject to supply disruptions. 
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(b) EXECUTION.—In carrying out this program, the 
Secretary of Energy shall— 
(1) develop innovative technologies and prac-
tices to diversify commercially viable domestic 
sources of critical minerals and identify new uses for 
co-products and by-products; 
(2) advance new mapping and mining tech-
nologies and techniques that can accelerate the ro-
bust characterization of domestic critical minerals 
resources, including advanced critical mineral extrac-
tion, production, separation, alloying, or processing 
technologies that can decrease the energy intensity, 
potential environmental impact and costs of those 
activities; 
(3) identify and develop alternative minerals, 
metals, and replacement materials that lessen the 
need for critical minerals, particularly those avail-
able in abundance within the United States and not 
subject to supply disruptions, and design new sys-
tems to use these alternatives; 
(4) advance new technologies and techniques to 
support the economically viable manufacturing, recy-
cling, and reuse of critical minerals; and 
(5) develop advanced theoretical, computational, 
and experimental tools necessary to support the 
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crosscutting basic research and development needs 
of diverse critical minerals stakeholders. 
(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out the program 
under subsection (a) the Secretary of Energy shall lever-
age resources and expertise across the Department and 
from— 
(1) Federal agencies; 
(2) National Laboratories; 
(3) critical mineral producers; 
(4) critical mineral processors; 
(5) critical mineral manufacturers; 
(6) trade associations; 
(7) academic institutions; 
(8) small businesses; and 
(9) other relevant entities or individuals. 
(d) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act the Secretary 
of Energy shall conduct a review of activities carried out 
under this program described in subsection (a) to deter-
mine the achievement of technical milestones established 
in subsection (f). 
(e) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the pro-
gram described in subsection (a) may be obligated or ex-
pended for commercial application of energy technology. 
(f) CRITICAL MINERALS CONSORTIUM.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Energy shall establish and operate a Critical Min-
erals Consortium (referred to in this section as the 
‘‘Consortium’’) for the purpose of supporting the 
program under subsection (a) by providing, to the 
maximum extent practicable, a centralized entity for 
multidisciplinary, collaborative, critical minerals re-
search and development. 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the Con-
sortium shall be representatives from relevant Fed-
eral agencies, the National Laboratories, institutions 
of higher education, multi-institutional collabora-
tions, and other appropriate entities. 
(3) ACTIVITIES.—The Consortium shall— 
(A) develop and implement a multi-year 
program plan which includes the determination 
of technical goals and milestones and prioritizes 
leveraging of the user facilities, high-perform-
ance computing capabilities, and expertise of 
the Department of Energy and the National 
Laboratories; and 
(B) submit an annual report to the Sec-
retary of Energy summarizing the activities of 
the Consortium which includes an evaluation of 
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the Consortium’s role in the achievement of 
technical milestones determined in subpara-
graph (A). 
(4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary of Energy 
shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid unneces-
sary duplication of, the activities of the Consortium 
with the activities of other research entities of the 
Department, institutions of higher education, and 
the private sector. 
(5) DURATION.—The Consortium established 
under this subsection shall receive support for a pe-
riod of not more than 5 years, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations. 
(6) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any pe-
riod of support of the Consortium, the Secretary of 
Energy may renew support for the Consortium, on 
a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 
5 years. 
(7) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the exist-
ing authorities of the Department, the Secretary of 
Energy may terminate the Consortium for cause 
during the performance period. 
(g) REPORTS.—Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Sec-
retary of Energy shall submit to Congress a report sum-
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marizing the activities, findings, and progress of the pro-
gram. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of En-
ergy $135,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
2030 to carry out this section. 
SEC. 107. CRITICAL MINERALS RESEARCH DATABASE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in con-
sultation with the Director of the National Science Foun-
dation, shall support the development of a web-based plat-
form to provide access to a database of computed informa-
tion on known and predicted critical minerals and related 
mineral materials properties and computational tools in 
order to— 
(1) accelerate breakthroughs in critical minerals 
discovery and design; 
(2) strengthen the foundation for new mining 
technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 
(3) drive the development of advanced materials 
for applications that span the Department’s missions 
in energy, environment, and national security. 
(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the Sec-
retary of Energy shall— 
(1) conduct cooperative research with industry, 
academia, and other research institutions to facili-
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tate the design of novel materials, including critical 
materials and substitutes for critical materials; 
(2) leverage existing high-performance com-
puting systems to conduct high throughput calcula-
tions and develop computation and data mining al-
gorithms for the prediction of mineral properties, in-
cluding a focus on critical minerals; 
(3) leverage and support basic research in min-
eralogy and mineral chemistry to enhance the under-
standing, prediction, and manipulation of critical 
minerals; and 
(4) manage and make available to researchers 
accessible, curated, standardized, secure, and privacy 
protected data sets from the public and private sec-
tors for the purposes of critical minerals research 
and development activities. 
(c) COORDINATION.—To carry out this section, the 
Secretary of Energy shall leverage programs, facilities, 
and activities across the Department. 
(d) SECURITY.—In carrying out the activities author-
ized by this section, the Secretary of Energy, in consulta-
tion with the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
shall ensure proper security controls are in place to protect 
proprietary or sensitive data, as appropriate. 
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SEC. 108. ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING. 
(a) CAPABILITIES.—In order to evaluate existing crit-
ical mineral policies and inform future actions that may 
be taken to avoid supply shortages, mitigate price vola-
tility, and prepare for demand growth and other market 
shifts, the Secretary, in consultation with the Energy In-
formation Administration, academic institutions, and oth-
ers to maximize the application of existing competencies 
related to developing and maintaining computer-models 
and similar analytical tools, shall conduct and publish the 
results of an annual report that includes— 
(1) as part of the annually published Mineral 
Commodity Summaries from the United States Geo-
logical Survey, a comprehensive review of critical 
mineral production, consumption, and recycling pat-
terns, including— 
(A) the quantity of each critical mineral 
domestically produced during the preceding 
year; 
(B) the quantity of each critical mineral 
domestically consumed during the preceding 
year; 
(C) market price data or other price data 
for each critical mineral; 
(D) an assessment of— 
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(i) critical mineral requirements to 
meet the national security, energy, eco-
nomic, industrial, technological, and other 
needs of the United States during the pre-
ceding year; 
(ii) the reliance of the United States 
on foreign sources to meet those needs 
during the preceding year; and 
(iii) the implications of any supply 
shortages, restrictions, or disruptions dur-
ing the preceding year; 
(E) the quantity of each critical mineral 
domestically recycled during the preceding year; 
(F) the market penetration during the pre-
ceding year of alternatives to each critical min-
eral; 
(G) a discussion of international trends as-
sociated with the discovery, production, con-
sumption, use, costs of production, prices, and 
recycling of each critical mineral as well as the 
development of alternatives to critical minerals; 
and 
(H) such other data, analyses, and evalua-
tions as the Secretary determines necessary to 
achieve the purposes of this section; and 
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(2) a comprehensive forecast, entitled the ‘‘An-
nual Critical Minerals Outlook’’, of projected critical 
mineral production, consumption, and recycling pat-
terns, including— 
(A) the quantity of each critical mineral 
projected to be domestically produced over the 
subsequent 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods; 
(B) the quantity of each critical mineral 
projected to be domestically consumed over the 
subsequent 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods; 
(C) an assessment of— 
(i) critical mineral requirements to 
meet projected national security, energy, 
economic, industrial, technological, and 
other needs of the United States; 
(ii) the projected reliance of the 
United States on foreign sources to meet 
those needs; and 
(iii) the projected implications of po-
tential supply shortages, restrictions, or 
disruptions; 
(D) the quantity of each critical mineral 
projected to be domestically recycled over the 
subsequent 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods; 
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(E) the market penetration of alternatives 
to each critical mineral projected to take place 
over the subsequent 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year 
periods; 
(F) a discussion of reasonably foreseeable 
international trends associated with the dis-
covery, production, consumption, use, costs of 
production, and recycling of each critical min-
eral as well as the development of alternatives 
to critical minerals; and 
(G) such other projections relating to each 
critical mineral as the Secretary determines to 
be necessary to achieve the purposes of this sec-
tion. 
(b) PROPRIETARY INFORMATION.—In preparing a re-
port described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall en-
sure, consistent with section 5(f) of the National Materials 
and Minerals Policy, Research and Development Act of 
1980 (30 U.S.C. 1604(f)), that— 
(1) no person uses the information and data 
collected for the report for a purpose other than the 
development of or reporting of aggregate data in a 
manner such that the identity of the person or firm 
who supplied the information is not discernible and 
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is not material to the intended uses of the informa-
tion; 
(2) no person discloses any information or data 
collected for the report unless the information or 
data has been transformed into a statistical or ag-
gregate form that does not allow the identification of 
the person or firm who supplied particular informa-
tion; and 
(3) procedures are established to require the 
withholding of any information or data collected for 
the report if the Secretary determines that with-
holding is necessary to protect proprietary informa-
tion, including any trade secrets or other confiden-
tial information. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
$4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2030 
to carry out this section. 
SEC. 109. EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE. 
(a) WORKFORCE ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year and 
300 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Sec-
retary, the Director of the National Science Founda-
tion, the institutions of higher education described in 
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paragraph (2), and employers in the critical minerals 
sector, shall submit to Congress an assessment of 
the domestic availability of technically trained per-
sonnel necessary for critical mineral exploration, de-
velopment, assessment, production, manufacturing, 
recycling, analysis, forecasting, education, and re-
search, including an analysis of— 
(A) skills that are in the shortest supply as 
of the date of the assessment; 
(B) skills that are projected to be in short 
supply in the future; 
(C) the demographics of the critical min-
erals industry and how the demographics will 
evolve under the influence of factors such as an 
aging workforce; 
(D) the effectiveness of training and edu-
cation programs in addressing skills shortages; 
(E) opportunities to hire locally for new 
and existing critical mineral activities; 
(F) the sufficiency of personnel within rel-
evant areas of the Federal Government for 
achieving the policies described in section 3 of 
the National Materials and Minerals Policy, Re-
search and Development Act of 1980 (30 
U.S.C. 1602); and 
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(G) the potential need for new training 
programs to have a measurable effect on the 
supply of trained workers in the critical min-
erals industry. 
(2) INSTITUTIONS
OF
HIGHER
EDUCATION.— 
The institutions of higher education described in this 
paragraph are— 
(A) institutions of higher education with 
substantial expertise in mining; and 
(B) institutions of higher education with 
significant expertise in minerals research, in-
cluding fundamental research into alternatives. 
(b) CURRICULUM STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary and the Sec-
retary of Labor shall jointly enter into an arrange-
ment with the National Academy of Sciences and the 
National Academy of Engineering under which the 
Academies shall coordinate with the National 
Science Foundation on conducting a study— 
(A) to design an interdisciplinary program 
on critical minerals that will support the critical 
mineral supply chain and improve the ability of 
the United States to increase domestic critical 
mineral exploration, development, production, 
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manufacturing, and research, including funda-
mental research into alternatives, and recycling; 
(B) to address undergraduate and grad-
uate education, especially to assist in the devel-
opment of graduate level programs of research 
and instruction that lead to advanced degrees 
with an emphasis on the critical mineral supply 
chain or other positions that will increase do-
mestic critical mineral exploration, development, 
production, manufacturing, and research, in-
cluding fundamental research into alternatives, 
and recycling; 
(C) to develop guidelines for proposals 
from institutions of higher education with sub-
stantial capabilities in the required disciplines 
for activities to improve the critical mineral 
supply chain and advance the capacity of the 
United States to increase domestic critical min-
eral exploration, research, development, produc-
tion, manufacturing, and recycling; and 
(D) to outline criteria for evaluating per-
formance and recommendations for the amount 
of funding that will be necessary to establish 
and carry out the program described in sub-
section (c). 
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(2) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a description of the results of 
the study required under paragraph (1). 
(c) PROGRAM.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary and the 
Secretary of Labor shall jointly conduct a competi-
tive grant program under which institutions of high-
er education may apply for and receive 4-year grants 
for— 
(A) startup costs for newly designated fac-
ulty positions in integrated critical mineral edu-
cation, research, innovation, training, and work-
force development programs consistent with 
subsection (b); 
(B) internships, scholarships, and fellow-
ships for students enrolled in programs related 
to critical minerals; 
(C) equipment necessary for integrated 
critical mineral innovation, training, and work-
force development programs; and 
(D) research of critical minerals and their 
applications, particularly concerning the manu-
facture of critical components vital to national 
security. 
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(2) RENEWAL.—A grant under this subsection 
shall be renewable for up to two 3-year terms based 
on performance criteria outlined under subsection 
(b)(1)(D). 
SEC. 110. NATIONAL GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA 
PRESERVATION PROGRAM. 
Section 351(k) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 15908(k)) is amended by striking ‘‘$30,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010’’ and inserting 
‘‘$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2030, 
to remain available until expended’’. 
SEC. 111. ADMINISTRATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The National Critical Materials 
Act of 1984 (30 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) is repealed. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 3(d) of the 
National Superconductivity and Competitiveness Act of 
1988 (15 U.S.C. 5202(d)) is amended in the first sentence 
by striking ‘‘, with the assistance of the National Critical 
Materials Council as specified in the National Critical Ma-
terials Act of 1984 (30 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.),’’. 
(c) SAVINGS CLAUSES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this Act or an 
amendment made by this Act modifies any require-
ment or authority provided by— 
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(A) the matter under the heading ‘‘GEO-
LOGICAL SURVEY’’ of the first section of the 
Act of March 3, 1879 (43 U.S.C. 31(a)); or 
(B) the first section of Public Law 87–626 
(43 U.S.C. 31(b)). 
(2) EFFECT ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
Nothing in this Act or an amendment made by this 
Act affects the authority of the Secretary of Defense 
with respect to the work of the Department of De-
fense on critical material supplies in furtherance of 
the national defense mission of the Department of 
Defense. 
(3) SECRETARIAL
ORDER
NOT
AFFECTED.— 
This Act shall not apply to any mineral described in 
Secretarial Order No. 3324, issued by the Secretary 
on December 3, 2012, in any area to which the 
order applies. 
TITLE II—CRITICAL MINERALS 
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 
SUPPORT 
SEC. 201. TECHNOLOGY GRANTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 
competitive grant program to conduct studies, research, 
and demonstration projects relating to the production of 
critical minerals, including— 
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(1) studies of mining, mineral extraction effi-
ciency, and related processing technology; 
(2) reclamation technology and practices for ac-
tive mining operations; 
(3) the development of remining systems and 
technologies that facilitate reclamation that fosters 
the recovery of resources at abandoned mine sites; 
(4) investigations of mineral resource extraction 
methods that reduce environmental and human im-
pacts; 
(5) reducing dependence on foreign energy and 
mineral supplies; 
(6) enhancing the competitiveness of United 
States energy and mineral technology exports; 
(7) the extraction or processing of coinciding 
mineralization, including rare earth elements, within 
coal, coal processing byproduct, overburden or coal 
residue; 
(8) enhancing technologies and practices related 
to mitigation of acid mine drainage, reforestation, 
and revegetation in the reclamation of land and 
water resources adversely affected by mining; 
(9) meeting challenges of extreme mining condi-
tions, such as deeper deposits or offshore or cold re-
gion mining; and 
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(10) mineral economics, including analysis of 
supply chains, future mineral needs, and unconven-
tional mining resources. 
(b) MINIMUM AMOUNT FOR MINING SCHOOLS.—Of 
amounts expended pursuant to this section, not less than 
70 percent shall be expended to enhance and support min-
ing and mineral engineering programs at mining schools 
in the United States. 
(c) PUBLIC PARTICIPATION.—The Secretary shall 
consult with relevant stakeholders and provide a signifi-
cant opportunity for participation by undergraduate and 
graduate students at mining schools. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2030. 
(e) MINING SCHOOL.—In this title, the term ‘‘mining 
school’’ means a mining, metallurgical, or mineral engi-
neering program or department accredited by the Accredi-
tation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc., that 
is located at an institution of higher education (as that 
term is defined in section 631(a) of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1132(a))) in the United States. 
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TITLE III—MANAGEMENT OF 
FEDERAL MINERAL RESOURCES 
SEC. 301. ECONOMIC AND NATIONAL SECURITY ANALYSIS. 
(a) RESOURCE ASSESSMENTS REQUIRED.—Federal 
lands and waters may not be withdrawn from entry under 
the mining laws or operation of the mineral leasing and 
mineral materials laws unless a quantitative and quali-
tative geophysical and geological mineral resource assess-
ment of the impacted area has been completed during the 
10-year period ending on the date of such withdrawal or 
has been certified as current by the Director of the United 
States Geological Survey. 
(b) NEW INFORMATION.—If a resource assessment 
completed by the Director of the United States Geological 
Survey, including a resource assessment conducted pursu-
ant to section 103, shows that a previously undiscovered 
deposit is present in an area that has been withdrawn 
from entry under the mining laws or operation of the min-
eral leasing and mineral materials laws pursuant to— 
(1) section 204 of the Federal Land Policy and 
Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1714), the 
Secretary shall update the existing Resource Man-
agement Plan for such area; or 
(2) chapter 3203 of title 54, United States 
Code, the Secretary shall provide recommendations 
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