the country of origin, as the Secretary determines 
are necessary to ensure compliance with this Act. 
(d) DETENTION OF IMPORTED FOOD PRODUCT.—If 
during an inspection or other verification procedure car-
ried out under this section, an officer or employee con-
ducting the procedure has reason to believe that a food 
product is unsafe for human consumption, or adulterated 
or misbranded under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos-
metic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), such officer or employee 
may order the food product segregated, impounded, and 
if objection is not made within 48 hours, condemned. If 
objection is made, such food products that are in perish-
able form may be processed to the extent necessary to pre-
vent spoilage, and a hearing shall be commenced expedi-
tiously. The final condemnation or other disposition of 
such food product shall be subject to the provisions of sec-
tion 103(c). 
(e) AGREEMENTS WITH FOREIGN NATIONS.— 
(1) The Secretary may enter into an agreement 
with any nation desiring to export food products to 
the United States. Prior to concluding such an 
agreement, the Secretary shall evaluate the food 
safety program of the foreign nation to determine if 
such program provides at least the same level of pro-
tection, with respect to food products intended for
export to the United States, as domestic laws that 
affect the safety of the food supply. In such evalua-
tion, the Secretary shall consider— 
(A) the potential for health, sanitary, envi-
ronmental, or other conditions within the for-
eign nation to adversely affect the safety of 
food products exported from such nation; and 
(B) how well the food safety programs of 
the foreign nation functions to minimize any 
adverse effects on such safety. 
(2) Any agreement under this subsection with a 
nation desiring to export food products to the 
United States shall— 
(A) require that the exporting nation 
shall— 
(i) establish and maintain a food safe-
ty system that is adequate to ensure that 
the food products intended for export to 
the United States are safe for human con-
sumption, and not adulterated or mis-
branded under the Federal Food, Drug, 
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.); 
and 
(ii) promptly notify the Secretary of 
any violations affecting the safety of food
products exported or intended for export to 
the United States; 
(B) provide for such activities (whether in 
the exporting nation or at the port of entry dur-
ing importation) by the Secretary, including ex-
aminations, inspections, sampling, and testing, 
at such stages in the growth or harvest of food, 
or in the processing or handling of food prod-
ucts, as the Secretary considers appropriate to 
ensure that the food safety program of the ex-
porting nation continues to provide at least the 
same level of protection, with respect to food 
products intended for export to the United 
States, as domestic laws that affect the safety 
of the food supply; and 
(C) provide for reciprocity with respect to 
the treatment of food imports and exports be-
tween the United States and the exporting na-
tion. 
(3) If the Secretary determines that a nation 
desiring to export food products to the United States 
has a program that provides at least the saline level 
of protection, with respect to food products intended 
for export to the United States, as domestic laws 
that affect the safety of the food supply, the Sec-
retary shall, upon entry into force of an agreement 
under subsection (e)(1), certify the types of food 
products for which the nation maintains such a pro-
gram. 
(4)(A) The Secretary shall periodically or for 
good cause, and not less than once every 3 years, re-
view certifications made under paragraph (3), and 
shall revoke the certification of any nation that the 
Secretary determines is not maintaining a food safe-
ty program that provides at least the same level of 
protection, with respect to food products intended 
for export to the United States, as domestic laws 
that affect the safety of the food supply. 
(B) The Secretary shall review and modify, as 
needed, an agreement made under paragraph (1) 
with any nation whose certification has been revoked 
under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph. 
TITLE II—RESEARCH AND 
EDUCATION 
SEC. 201. PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT SYSTEM. 
(a) COOPERATION WITH THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE 
CONTROL AND PREVENTION.—The Secretary shall work, 
through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
to include food in an active surveillance system, based on 
a representative proportion of the population of the United
States, and to assess more accurately the frequency and 
sources of human illness in the United States associated 
with the consumption of food. 
(b) PUBLIC HEALTH SAMPLING.— 
(1) Within 12 months after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary in cooperation with 
the Secretary of Agriculture shall establish guide-
lines for a sampling system under which the Sec-
retary and the Secretary of Agriculture shall take 
and analyze samples of food products to assist the 
Secretary in carrying out this Act and the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et 
seq.), and to more accurately assess the nature, fre-
quency of occurrence, and amounts of contaminants 
in food products. 
(2) Such sampling system shall provide— 
(A) statistically valid monitoring, including 
market-basket studies, on the nature, frequency 
of occurrence, and amounts of contaminants in 
food products available to consumers; and 
(B) at the request of the Secretary, such 
other information, including analysis of moni-
toring and verification samples, as the Sec-
retary determines may be useful in assessing
the occurrence of contaminants in food prod-
ucts. 
(c) ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH HAZARDS.—Through 
the surveillance system referred to in subsection (a) and 
the sampling system described in subsection (b), the Sec-
retary shall rank food categories based on their hazard 
to human health and identify appropriate industry and 
regulatory approaches to minimize hazards in the food 
supply. Such analysis could include— 
(1) the safety of commercial harvesting and 
processing, as compared with the health hazards as-
sociated with food products that are harvested for 
recreational or subsistence purposes and prepared 
noncommercially; 
(2) the safety of food products that are domes-
tically harvested and processed, as compared with 
the health hazards associated with food products 
that are harvested or processed outside the United 
States; and 
(3) contamination originating from handling 
practices that occur prior to or after sale of food 
products to consumers. 
SEC. 202. PUBLIC EDUCATION AND ADVISORY SYSTEM. 
(a) PUBLIC EDUCATION.—The Secretary, in coopera-
tion with private and public organizations, including the
cooperative extension services and appropriate State enti-
ties, shall design and implement a national public edu-
cation program on food safety. The program shall pro-
vide— 
(1) information to the public regarding Federal 
standards and good practice requirements and pro-
motion of public awareness understanding and ac-
ceptance of such standards and requirements; 
(2) information to health professionals so that 
they may improve diagnosis and treatment of food- 
related illness and advise individuals whose health 
conditions place them in particular risk; and 
(3) such other information or advice to con-
sumers and other persons as the Secretary deter-
mines will promote the purposes of this Act. 
(b) HEALTH ADVISORIES.—The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Admin-
istrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall 
work with the States and other appropriate entities to— 
(1) develop and distribute regional and national 
advisories concerning food safety; 
(2) develop standardized formats for written 
and broadcast advisories; and