‘‘(iii) The projected effects of the pay-
ment of assessments on the capital and 
earnings of insured depository institutions. 
‘‘(iv) the risk factors and other factors 
taken into account pursuant to paragraph 
(1) under the risk-based assessment sys-
tem, including the requirement under such 
paragraph to maintain a risk-based sys-
tem. 
‘‘(v) Any other factors the Board of 
Directors may determine to be appro-
priate.’’; and 
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the fol-
lowing new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) BASE RATE FOR ASSESSMENTS.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—In setting assess-
ment rates pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
the Board of Directors shall establish a 
base rate of not more than 1 basis point 
(exclusive of any credit or dividend) for 
those insured depository institutions in the 
lowest-risk category under the risk-based 
assessment system established pursuant to 
paragraph (1).
‘‘(ii) SUSPENSION.—Clause (i) shall 
not apply during any period in which the 
reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance 
Fund is less than the amount which is 
equal to 1.15 percent of the aggregate esti-
mated insured deposits.’’. 
(b) ASSESSMENT RECORDKEEPING PERIOD SHORT-
ENED.—Paragraph (5) of section 7(b) of the Federal De-
posit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(b)) is amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(5) DEPOSITORY INSTITUTION REQUIRED TO 
MAINTAIN
ASSESSMENT-RELATED
RECORDS.—Each 
insured depository institution shall maintain all 
records that the Corporation may require for 
verifying the correctness of any assessment on the 
insured depository institution under this subsection 
until the later of—
‘‘(A) the end of the 3-year period begin-
ning on the due date of the assessment; or 
‘‘(B) in the case of a dispute between the 
insured depository institution and the Corpora-
tion with respect to such assessment, the date 
of a final determination of any such dispute.’’. 
(c) INCREASE IN FEES FOR LATE ASSESSMENT PAY-
MENTS.—Subsection (h) of section 18 of the Federal De-
posit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1828(h)) is amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(h) PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO TIMELY PAY AS-
SESSMENTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Any insured depository in-
stitution which fails or refuses to pay any assess-
ment shall be subject to a penalty in an amount not 
more than 1 percent of the amount of the assess-
ment due for each day that such violation continues. 
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION IN CASE OF DISPUTE.—Para-
graph (1) shall not apply if—
‘‘(A) the failure to pay an assessment is 
due to a dispute between the insured depository 
institution and the Corporation over the 
amount of such assessment; and 
‘‘(B) the insured depository institution de-
posits security satisfactory to the Corporation 
for payment upon final determination of the 
issue. 
‘‘(3) AUTHORITY TO MODIFY OR REMIT PEN-
ALTY.—The Corporation, in the sole discretion of 
the Corporation, may compromise, modify or remit 
any penalty which the Corporation may assess or 
has already assessed under paragraph (1) upon a
finding that good cause prevented the timely pay-
ment of an assessment.’’. 
(d) ASSESSMENTS FOR LIFELINE ACCOUNTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 232 of the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 
1991 (12 U.S.C. 1834) is amended by striking sub-
section (c). 
(2) CLARIFICATION OF RATE APPLICABLE TO 
DEPOSITS
ATTRIBUTABLE
TO
LIFELINE
AC-
COUNTS.—Section 7(b)(2)(H) of the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(b)(2)(H)) is amend-
ed by striking ‘‘at a rate determined in accordance 
with such Act’’ and inserting ‘‘at 1⁄2 the assessment 
rate otherwise applicable for such insured depository 
institution’’. 
(3) REGULATIONS.—Section 232(a)(1) of the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement 
Act of 1991 (12 U.S.C. 1834(a)(1)) is amended by
striking ‘‘Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
System, and the’’. 
(e) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(1) Paragraph (3) of section 7(a) of the Fed-
eral Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(a)(3)) 
is amended by striking the 3d sentence and inserting 
the following: ‘‘Such reports of condition shall be the
basis for the certified statements to be filed pursu-
ant to subsection (c).’’. 
(2) Subparagraphs (B)(ii) and (C) of section 
7(b)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 
U.S.C. 1817(b)(1)) are each amended by striking 
‘‘semiannual’’ where such term appears in each such 
subparagraph. 
(3) Section 7(b)(2) of the Federal Deposit In-
surance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(b)(2)) is amended—
(A) by striking subparagraphs (E), (F), 
and (G); 
(B) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘semiannual’’; and 
(C) by redesignating subparagraph (H) (as 
amended by subsection (e)(2) of this section) as 
subparagraph (E). 
(4) Section 7(b) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(b)) is amended by strik-
ing paragraph (4) and redesignating paragraphs (5) 
(as amended by subsection (b) of this section), (6), 
and (7) as paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) respectively. 
(5) Section 7(c) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(c)) is amended—
(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking 
‘‘semiannual’’;
(B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking 
‘‘semiannual’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘semi-
annual period’’ and inserting ‘‘initial assess-
ment period’’. 
(6) Section 7(g)(6) of the Federal Deposit In-
surance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(g)(6)) (as amended by 
subsection (c) of this section) is amended by striking 
‘‘(b)(5)’’ and inserting ‘‘(b)(4)’’. 
(7) Section 8(p) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(p)) is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘semiannual’’. 
(8) Section 8(q) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(q)) is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘semiannual period’’ and inserting ‘‘assessment 
period’’. 
(9) Section 13(c)(4)(G)(ii)(II) of the Federal 
Deposit 
Insurance 
Act 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1823(c)(4)(G)(ii)(II)) is amended by striking ‘‘semi-
annual period’’ and inserting ‘‘assessment period’’. 
(10) Section 232(a) of the Federal Deposit In-
surance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (12 
U.S.C. 1834(a)) is amended—
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) of paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘the Board 
and’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (J) of paragraph (2), 
by striking ‘‘the Board’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
Corporation’’; 
(C) by striking subparagraph (A) of para-
graph (3) and inserting the following new sub-
paragraph: 
‘‘(A) CORPORATION.—The term ‘Corpora-
tion’ means the Federal Deposit Insurance Cor-
poration.’’; and 
(D) in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (3), 
by striking ‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Corpora-
tion’’. 
(f) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Except as provided in sub-
section (c), this section and the amendments made by this 
section shall take effect on the date that the final regula-
tions required under section 9(a)(5) take effect. 
SEC. 5. REPLACEMENT OF FIXED DESIGNATED RESERVE 
RATIO WITH RESERVE RANGE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 7(b)(3) of the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(b)(3)) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(3) DESIGNATED RESERVE RATIO.—
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Board of Di-
rectors shall designate, by regulation after 
notice and opportunity for comment, the 
reserve ratio applicable with respect to the 
Deposit Insurance Fund. 
‘‘(ii) NOT LESS THAN ANNUAL REDE-
TERMINATION.—A 
determination 
under 
clause (i) shall be made by the Board of 
Directors at least before the beginning of 
each calendar year, for such calendar year, 
and at such other times as the Board of 
Directors may determine to be appropriate. 
‘‘(B) RANGE.—The reserve ratio des-
ignated by the Board of Directors for any 
year—
‘‘(i) may not exceed 1.4 percent of es-
timated insured deposits; and 
‘‘(ii) may not be less than 1.15 per-
cent of estimated insured deposits.
‘‘(C) FACTORS.—In designating a reserve 
ratio for any year, the Board of Directors 
shall—
‘‘(i) take into account the risk of 
losses to the Deposit Insurance Fund in
such year and future years, including his-
toric experience and potential and esti-
mated losses from insured depository insti-
tutions; 
‘‘(ii) take into account economic con-
ditions generally affecting insured deposi-
tory institutions so as to allow the des-
ignated reserve ratio to increase during 
more favorable economic conditions and to 
decrease during less favorable economic 
conditions, notwithstanding the increased 
risks of loss that may exist during such 
less favorable conditions, as determined to 
be appropriate by the Board of Directors; 
‘‘(iii) seek to prevent sharp swings in 
the assessment rates for insured depository 
institutions; and 
‘‘(iv) take into account such other fac-
tors as the Board of Directors may deter-
mine to be appropriate, consistent with the 
requirements of this subparagraph. 
‘‘(D) PUBLICATION OF PROPOSED CHANGE 
IN RATIO.—In soliciting comment on any pro-
posed change in the designated reserve ratio in 
accordance with subparagraph (A), the Board
of Directors shall include in the published pro-
posal a thorough analysis of the data and pro-
jections on which the proposal is based.’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—
Section 3(y) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 
U.S.C. 1813(y)) is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘(y) The term’’ and inserting 
‘‘(y) DEFINITIONS RELATING TO DEPOSIT INSUR-
ANCE FUND.—
‘‘(1) DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND.—The term’’; 
and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as so des-
ignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(2) DESIGNATED RESERVE RATIO.—The term 
‘designated reserve ratio’ means the reserve ratio 
designated by the Board of Directors in accordance 
with section 7(b)(3).’’. 
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section and the amend-
ments made by this section shall take effect on the date 
that the final regulations required under section 9(a)(1) 
take effect.
SEC. 6. REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE RISK-BASED 
ASSESSMENT SYSTEM. 
Section 7(b)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
(12 U.S.C. 1817(b)(1)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(E) INFORMATION CONCERNING RISK OF 
LOSS AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS.—
‘‘(i) SOURCES OF INFORMATION.—For 
purposes of determining risk of losses at 
insured depository institutions and eco-
nomic conditions generally affecting depos-
itory institutions, the Corporation shall col-
lect information, as appropriate, from all 
sources the Board of Directors considers 
appropriate, such as reports of condition, 
inspection reports, and other information 
from all Federal banking agencies, any in-
formation available from State bank super-
visors, State insurance and securities regu-
lators, the Securities and Exchange Com-
mission (including information described in 
section 35), the Secretary of the Treasury, 
the Commodity Futures Trading Commis-
sion, the Farm Credit Administration, the 
Federal Trade Commission, any Federal 
reserve bank or Federal home loan bank,
and other regulators of financial institu-
tions, and any information available from 
credit rating entities, and other private 
economic or business analysts. 
‘‘(ii) CONSULTATION WITH FEDERAL 
BANKING AGENCIES.—
‘‘(I) IN
GENERAL.—Except as 
provided in subclause (II), in assess-
ing the risk of loss to the Deposit In-
surance Fund with respect to any in-
sured depository institution, the Cor-
poration shall consult with the appro-
priate Federal banking agency of such 
institution. 
‘‘(II) TREATMENT
ON
AGGRE-
GATE BASIS.—In the case of insured 
depository institutions that are well 
capitalized (as defined in section 38) 
and, in the most recent examination, 
were found to be well managed, the 
consultation under subclause (I) con-
cerning the assessment of the risk of 
loss posed by such institutions may be 
made on an aggregate basis.
‘‘(iii) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—No 
provision of this paragraph shall be con-
strued as providing any new authority for 
the Corporation to require submission of 
information by insured depository institu-
tions to the Corporation. 
‘‘(F) MODIFICATIONS TO THE RISK-BASED 
ASSESSMENT
SYSTEM
ALLOWED
ONLY
AFTER 
NOTICE AND COMMENT.—In revising or modi-
fying the risk-based assessment system at any 
time after the date of the enactment of the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2003, 
the Board of Directors may implement such re-
visions or modification in final form only after 
notice and opportunity for comment.’’. 
SEC. 7. REFUNDS, DIVIDENDS, AND CREDITS FROM DE-
POSIT INSURANCE FUND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (e) of section 7 of the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(e)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(e) REFUNDS, DIVIDENDS, AND CREDITS.—
‘‘(1) REFUNDS
OF
OVERPAYMENTS.—In the 
case of any payment of an assessment by an insured 
depository institution in excess of the amount due to 
the Corporation, the Corporation may—
‘‘(A) refund the amount of the excess pay-
ment to the insured depository institution; or 
‘‘(B) credit such excess amount toward the 
payment of subsequent assessments until such 
credit is exhausted. 
‘‘(2) DIVIDENDS
FROM
EXCESS
AMOUNTS
IN 
DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND.—
‘‘(A) RESERVE RATIO EQUAL TO OR IN EX-
CESS OF 1.4 PERCENT OF ESTIMATED INSURED 
DEPOSITS.—Whenever the reserve ratio of the 
Deposit Insurance Fund equals or exceeds 1.4 
percent of estimated insured deposits, the Cor-
poration shall declare the amount in the Fund 
in excess of the amount required to maintain 
the reserve ratio at the designated reserve ratio 
in effect at such time, as dividends to be paid 
to insured depository institutions. 
‘‘(B) RESERVE RATIO EQUAL TO OR IN EX-
CESS OF 1.35 PERCENT OF ESTIMATED INSURED 
DEPOSITS
AND
LESS
THAN
1.4
PERCENT.—
Whenever the reserve ratio of the Deposit In-
surance Fund equals or exceeds 1.35 percent of 
estimated insured deposits and is less than 1.4 
percent of such deposits, the Corporation shall 
declare the amount in the Fund that is equal
to 50 percent of the amount in excess of the 
amount required to maintain the reserve ratio 
at 1.35 percent of the estimated insured depos-
its as dividends to be paid to insured depository 
institutions. 
‘‘(C) BASIS FOR DISTRIBUTION OF DIVI-
DENDS.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Solely for the pur-
poses of dividend distribution under this 
paragraph and credit distribution under 
paragraph (3)(B), the Corporation shall 
determine each insured depository institu-
tion’s relative contribution to the Deposit 
Insurance Fund (or any predecessor de-
posit insurance fund) for calculating such 
institution’s share of any dividend or credit 
declared under this paragraph or para-
graph (3)(B), taking into account the fac-
tors described in clause (ii). 
‘‘(ii) FACTORS FOR DISTRIBUTION.—
In implementing this paragraph and para-
graph (3)(B) in accordance with regula-
tions, the Corporation shall take into ac-
count the following factors:
‘‘(I) The ratio of the assessment 
base of an insured depository institu-
tion (including any predecessor) on 
December 31, 1996, to the assessment 
base of all eligible insured depository 
institutions on that date. 
‘‘(II) The total amount of assess-
ments paid on or after January 1, 
1997, by an insured depository insti-
tution (including any predecessor) to 
the Deposit Insurance Fund (and any 
predecessor deposit insurance fund). 
‘‘(III) That portion of assess-
ments paid by an insured depository 
institution (including any predecessor) 
that reflects higher levels of risk as-
sumed by such institution. 
‘‘(IV) Such other factors as the 
Corporation may determine to be ap-
propriate. 
‘‘(D) NOTICE
AND
OPPORTUNITY
FOR 
COMMENT.—The calculation, declaration, and
payment of dividends under this paragraph 
shall be made at such times, in such manner, 
and on such conditions as the Corporation shall
prescribe by regulation, after notice and oppor-
tunity for comment. 
‘‘(3) CREDIT POOL.—
‘‘(A) ONE-TIME CREDIT BASED ON TOTAL 
ASSESSMENT BASE AT YEAR-END 1996.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Before the end of 
the 270-day period beginning on the date 
of the enactment of the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Reform Act of 2003, the Board 
of Directors shall, by regulation, provide 
for a credit to each eligible insured deposi-
tory institution, based on the assessment 
base of the institution (including any pred-
ecessor institution) on December 31, 1996, 
as compared to the combined aggregate as-
sessment base of all eligible insured deposi-
tory institutions, taking into account such 
factors as the Board of Directors may de-
termine to be appropriate. 
‘‘(ii) CREDIT LIMIT.—The aggregate 
amount of credits available under clause (i) 
to all eligible insured depository institu-
tions shall equal the amount that the Cor-
poration could collect if the Corporation 
imposed an assessment of 12 basis points
on the combined assessment base of the 
Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings As-
sociation Insurance Fund as of December 
31, 2001. 
‘‘(iii) ELIGIBLE INSURED DEPOSITORY 
INSTITUTION DEFINED.—For purposes of 
this paragraph, the term ‘eligible insured 
depository institution’ means any insured 
depository institution that—
‘‘(I) was in existence on Decem-
ber 31, 1996, and paid a deposit in-
surance assessment prior to that date; 
or 
‘‘(II) is a successor to any in-
sured depository institution described 
in subclause (II). 
‘‘(iv) APPLICATION OF CREDITS.—
‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—The amount 
of a credit to any eligible insured de-
pository institution under this para-
graph may be applied by the Corpora-
tion to those portions of the assess-
ments imposed on such institution 
under subsection (b) that become due 
for assessment periods beginning after
the effective date of regulations pre-
scribed under clause (i). 
‘‘(II) REGULATIONS.—The regu-
lations prescribed under clause (i) 
shall establish the qualifications and 
procedures governing the application 
of assessment credits pursuant to sub-
clause (I). 
‘‘(v) 
CRITERIA
FOR
DETERMINA-
TION.—In determining whether to provide 
assessment credits under this paragraph 
and the amounts of any such credits, the 
Board of Directors shall take into account 
the factors for designating the reserve 
ratio under subsection (b)(3) and the fac-
tors for setting assessments under sub-
section (b)(2)(B). 
‘‘(vi) LIMITATION
ON
AMOUNT
OF 
CREDIT FOR CERTAIN DEPOSITORY INSTI-
TUTIONS.—In the case of an insured de-
pository institution that exhibits financial, 
operational, 
or 
compliance 
weaknesses 
ranging from moderately severe to unsatis-
factory, or is not adequately capitalized (as 
defined in section 38) at the beginning of
an assessment period, the amount of any 
credit 
allowed 
under 
this 
paragraph 
against the assessment on that depository 
institution for such period may not exceed 
the amount calculated by applying to that 
depository institution the average assess-
ment rate on all insured depository institu-
tions for such assessment period. 
‘‘(vii) PREDECESSOR
DEFINED.—For 
purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘pred-
ecessor’, when used with respect to any in-
sured depository institution, includes any 
other insured depository institution ac-
quired by or merged with such insured de-
pository institution. 
‘‘(B) ON-GOING CREDIT POOL.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—In addition to the 
credit provided pursuant to subparagraph 
(A) and subject to the limitation contained 
in clause (vi) of such subparagraph, the 
Corporation shall, by regulation, establish 
an on-going system of credits to be applied 
against future assessments under sub-
section (b)(1) on the same basis as the
dividends 
provided 
under 
paragraph 
(2)(C). 
‘‘(ii) LIMITATION ON CREDITS UNDER 
CERTAIN
CIRCUMSTANCES.—No 
credits 
may be allowed by the Corporation under 
this subparagraph during any period in 
which—
‘‘(I) the reserve ratio of the De-
posit Insurance Fund is less than the 
designated reserve ratio of such Fund; 
or 
‘‘(II) the designated reserve ratio 
of the Fund is less than 1.25 percent 
of the amount of estimated insured 
deposits. 
‘‘(4) ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The regulations pre-
scribed under paragraph (2)(D) and subpara-
graphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (3) shall in-
clude provisions allowing an insured depository 
institution a reasonable opportunity to chal-
lenge administratively the amount of the credit
or dividend determined under paragraph (2) or 
(3) for such institution.
‘‘(B) ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW.—Any re-
view under subparagraph (A) of any determina-
tion of the Corporation under paragraph (2) or 
(3) shall be final and not subject to judicial re-
view.’’. 
(b) DEFINITION OF RESERVE RATIO.—Section 3(y) 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(y)) 
(as amended by section 5(b) of this Act) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) RESERVE
RATIO.—The term ‘reserve 
ratio’, when used with regard to the Deposit Insur-
ance Fund other than in connection with a reference 
to the designated reserve ratio, means the ratio of 
the net worth of the Deposit Insurance Fund to the 
value of the aggregate estimated insured deposits.’’. 
SEC. 8. DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND RESTORATION PLANS. 
Section 7(b)(3) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
(12 U.S.C. 1917(b)(3)) (as amended by section 5(a) of 
this Act) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(E) DIF RESTORATION PLANS.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Whenever—
‘‘(I) the Corporation projects 
that the reserve ratio of the Deposit 
Insurance Fund will fall below the
designated reserve ratio within 6 
months of such determination; or 
‘‘(II) the reserve ratio of the De-
posit Insurance Fund actually falls 
below the designated reserve ratio 
without any determination under sub-
clause (I) having been made, 
the Corporation shall establish and imple-
ment a Deposit Insurance Fund restora-
tion plan within 30 days that meets the re-
quirements of clause (ii) or (iii), as the 
case may be, and such other conditions as 
the Corporation determines to be appro-
priate. 
‘‘(ii) REQUIREMENTS OF PLAN IF RE-
SERVE RATIO DOES NOT FALL BELOW 1.0 
PERCENT.—If the reserve ratio of the De-
posit Insurance Fund is not projected to or 
has not fallen below an amount equal to 
1.0 percent of the aggregate estimated in-
sured deposits, a Deposit Insurance Fund 
restoration plan meets the requirements of 
this clause if the plan provides that the re-
serve ratio of the Fund will meet or exceed 
the designated reserve ratio that was in ef-
fect before the occurrence of the event de-
scribed in subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i) 
before the end of the 3-year period begin-
ning upon implementation of the plan. 
‘‘(iii) REQUIREMENTS OF PLAN IF RE-
SERVE
RATIO
FALLS
BELOW
1.0
PER-
CENT.—If the reserve ratio of the Deposit 
Insurance Fund has fallen below an 
amount equal to 1.0 percent of the aggre-
gate estimated insured deposits, a Deposit 
Insurance Fund restoration plan meets the 
requirements of this clause if the plan pro-
vides that the reserve ratio of the Fund—
‘‘(I) will meet or exceed an 
amount equal to 1.0 percent of the 
aggregate estimated insured deposits 
before the end of the 2-year period be-
ginning upon implementation of the 
plan; and 
‘‘(II) will meet or exceed the des-
ignated reserve ratio that was in ef-
fect before the occurrence of the event 
described in subclause (I) or (II) of 
clause (i) before the end of the 3-year 
period beginning on the date the re-
serve ratio first meets or exceeds an 
amount equal to 1.0 percent of the 
aggregate estimated insured deposits 
after the implementation of the plan. 
‘‘(iv) 
TRANSPARENCY.—Not 
more 
than 90 days after the Corporation estab-
lishes and implements a restoration plan 
under clause (i), the Corporation shall pub-
lish in the Federal Register a detailed 
analysis of the factors considered and the 
basis for the actions taken with regard to 
the plan.’’. 
SEC. 9. REGULATIONS REQUIRED. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Board of Directors 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation shall pre-
scribe final regulations, after notice and opportunity for 
comment—
(1) designating the reserve ratio for the Deposit 
Insurance Fund in accordance with section 7(b)(3) 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (as amended 
by section 5 of this Act); 
(2) implementing increases in deposit insurance 
coverage in accordance with the amendments made 
by section 3 of this Act;
(3) implementing the dividend requirement 
under section 7(e)(2) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act (as amended by section 7 of this Act). 
(4) implementing the 1-time assessment credit 
to certain insured depository institutions in accord-
ance with section 7(e)(3) of the Federal Deposit In-
surance Act, as amended by section 7 of this Act, 
including the qualifications and procedures under 
which the Corporation would apply assessment cred-
its; and 
(5) providing for assessments under section 
7(b) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as 
amended by this Act. 
(b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—No provision of this 
Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be con-
strued as affecting the authority of the Corporation to set 
or collect deposit insurance assessments before the effec-
tive date of the final regulations prescribed under sub-
section (a).
SEC. 10. STUDIES OF FDIC STRUCTURE AND EXPENSES AND 
CERTAIN ACTIVITIES AND FURTHER POS-
SIBLE CHANGES TO DEPOSIT INSURANCE 
SYSTEM. 
(a) STUDY BY COMPTROLLER GENERAL.—
(1) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Comptroller Gen-
eral shall conduct a study of the following issues: 
(A) The efficiency and effectiveness of the 
administration of the prompt corrective action 
program under section 38 of the Federal De-
posit Insurance Act by the Federal banking 
agencies (as defined in section 3 of such Act), 
including the degree of effectiveness of such 
agencies in identifying troubled depository insti-
tutions and taking effective action with respect 
to such institutions, and the degree of accuracy 
of the risk assessments made by the Corpora-
tion. 
(B) The appropriateness of the organiza-
tional structure of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Corporation for the mission of the Cor-
poration taking into account—
(i) the current size and complexity of 
the business of insured depository institu-
tions (as such term is defined in section 3 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act); 
(ii) the extent to which the organiza-
tional structure contributes to or reduces 
operational 
inefficiencies 
that 
increase 
operational costs; and
(iii) the effectiveness of internal con-
trols. 
(2) REPORT TO THE CONGRESS.—The Comp-
troller General shall submit a report to the Congress 
before the end of the 1-year period beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act containing the 
findings and conclusions of the Comptroller General 
with respect to the study required under paragraph 
(1) together with such recommendations for legisla-
tive or administrative action as the Comptroller Gen-
eral may determine to be appropriate. 
(b) INTERNAL STUDY BY THE FDIC.—
(1) STUDY REQUIRED.—Concurrently with the 
study required to be conducted by the Comptroller 
General under subsection (a), the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation shall conduct an internal 
study of the same conditions and factors included in 
the study under subsection (a). 
(2) REPORT TO THE CONGRESS.—The Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation shall submit a report 
to the Congress before the end of the 1-year period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act 
containing the findings and conclusions of the Cor-
poration with respect to the study required under 
paragraph (1) together with such recommendations
for legislative or administrative action as the Board 
of Directors of the Corporation may determine to be 
appropriate. 
(c) STUDY OF FURTHER POSSIBLE CHANGES TO DE-
POSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM.—
(1) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Board of Directors 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and 
the National Credit Union Administration Board 
shall each conduct a study of the following: 
(A) The feasibility of establishing a vol-
untary deposit insurance system for deposits in 
excess of the maximum amount of deposit in-
surance for any depositor and the potential ben-
efits and the potential adverse consequences
that may result from the establishment of any 
such system. 
(B) The feasibility of privatizing all deposit 
insurance at insured depository institutions and 
insured credit unions. 
(2) REPORT.—Before the end of the 1-year pe-
riod beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation and the National Credit 
Union Administration Board shall each submit a re-
port to the Congress on the study required under
paragraph (1) containing the findings and conclu-
sions of the reporting agency together with such rec-
ommendations for legislative or administrative 
changes as the agency may determine to be appro-
priate. 
(d) STUDY
REGARDING
APPROPRIATE
DEPOSIT 
BASE IN DESIGNATING RESERVE RATIO.—
(1) STUDY
REQUIRED.—The Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation shall conduct a study of the 
feasibility of using actual domestic deposits rather 
than estimated insured deposits in calculating the 
reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund and 
designating a reserve ratio for such Fund. 
(2) REPORT.—The Federal Deposit Insurance 
Corporation shall submit a report to the Congress 
before the end of the 1-year period beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act containing the 
findings and conclusions of the Corporation with re-
spect to the study required under paragraph (1) to-
gether with such recommendations for legislative or 
administrative action as the Board of Directors of 
the Corporation may determine to be appropriate. 
(e) STUDY OF RESERVE METHODOLOGY AND AC-
COUNTING FOR LOSS.—
(1) STUDY
REQUIRED.—The Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation, in consultation with the 
Comptroller General, shall conduct a study of the re-
serve methodology and loss accounting used by the 
Corporation during the period beginning on January 
1, 1992, and ending December 31, 2002, with re-
spect to insured depository institutions in a troubled 
condition (as defined in the regulations prescribed 
pursuant to section 32(f) of the Federal Deposit In-
surance Act). 
(2) FACTORS TO BE INCLUDED.—In conducting 
the study pursuant to paragraph (1), the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation shall—
(A) consider the overall effectiveness and 
accuracy of the methodology used by the Cor-
poration for establishing and maintaining re-
serves and estimating and accounting for losses 
at insured depository institutions, during the 
period described in such paragraph;
(B) consider the appropriateness and reli-
ability of information and criteria used by the 
Corporation in determining—
(i) whether an insured depository in-
stitution was in a troubled condition; and
(ii) the amount of any loss anticipated 
at such institution; 
(C) analyze the actual historical loss expe-
rience over the period described in paragraph 
(1) and the causes of the exceptionally high 
rate of losses experienced by the Corporation in 
the final 3 years of that period; and 
(D) rate the efforts of the Corporation to 
reduce losses in such 3-year period to minimally 
acceptable levels and to historical levels. 
(3) REPORT REQUIRED.—The Board of Direc-
tors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 
shall submit a report to the Congress before the end 
of the 6-month period beginning on the date of the 
enactment of this Act, containing the findings and 
conclusions of the Corporation, in consultation with 
the Comptroller General, with respect to the study 
required under paragraph (1), together with such 
recommendations for legislative or administrative ac-
tion as the Board of Directors may determine to be 
appropriate.
SEC. 11. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO 
THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE ACT RE-
LATING TO THE MERGER OF THE BIF AND 
SAIF. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Federal Deposit Insurance 
Act (12 U.S.C. 1811 et seq.) is amended—
(1) in section 3 (12 U.S.C. 1813)—
(A) by striking subparagraph (B) of sub-
section (a)(1) and inserting the following new 
subparagraph: 
‘‘(B) includes any former savings associa-
tion.’’; and 
(B) by striking paragraph (1) of sub-
section (y) (as so designated by section 5(b) of 
this Act) and inserting the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(1) DEPOSIT
INSURANCE
FUND.—The term 
‘Deposit Insurance Fund’ means the Deposit Insur-
ance Fund established under section 11(a)(4).’’; 
(2) in section 5(b)(5) (12 U.S.C. 1815(b)(5)), 
by striking ‘‘the Bank Insurance Fund or the Sav-
ings Association Insurance Fund,’’ and inserting 
‘‘the Deposit Insurance Fund,’’; 
(3) in section 5(c)(4), by striking ‘‘deposit in-
surance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’;
(4) in section 5(d) (12 U.S.C. 1815(d)), by 
striking paragraphs (2) and (3); 
(5) in section 5(d)(1) (12 U.S.C. 1815(d)(1))—
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘re-
serve ratios in the Bank Insurance Fund and 
the Savings Association Insurance Fund as re-
quired by section 7’’ and inserting ‘‘the reserve 
ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) by striking subparagraph (B) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(2) FEE CREDITED TO THE DEPOSIT INSUR-
ANCE FUND.—The fee paid by the depository insti-
tution under paragraph (1) shall be credited to the 
Deposit Insurance Fund.’’; 
(C) by striking ‘‘(1) UNINSURED INSTITU-
TIONS.—’’; and 
(D) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
and (C) as paragraphs (1) and (3), respectively, 
and moving the left margins 2 ems to the left; 
(6) in section 5(e) (12 U.S.C. 1815(e))—
(A) in paragraph (5)(A), by striking 
‘‘Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Associa-
tion Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit 
Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) by striking paragraph (6); and
(C) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (8), 
and (9) as paragraphs (6), (7), and (8), respec-
tively; 
(7) in section 6(5) (12 U.S.C. 1816(5)), by 
striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings As-
sociation Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit 
Insurance Fund’’; 
(8) in section 7(b) (12 U.S.C. 1817(b))—
(A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ‘‘de-
posit insurance fund’’ each place that term ap-
pears and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)(D), by striking ‘‘each 
deposit insurance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘the De-
posit Insurance Fund’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated 
by section 4(e)(4) of this Act)—
(i) by striking ‘‘any such assessment’’ 
and inserting ‘‘any such assessment is nec-
essary’’; 
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B); 
(iii) in subparagraph (A)—
(I) by striking ‘‘(A) is nec-
essary—’’;
(II) by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance 
Fund members’’ and inserting ‘‘in-
sured depository institutions’’; and 
(III) by redesignating clauses (i), 
(ii), and (iii) as subparagraphs (A), 
(B), and (C), respectively, and moving 
the margins 2 ems to the left; and 
(iv) in subparagraph (C) (as so redes-
ignated)—
(I) by inserting ‘‘that’’ before 
‘‘the Corporation’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘; and’’ and in-
serting a period; 
(9) 
in 
section 
7(j)(7)(F) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1817(j)(7)(F)), by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund 
or the Savings Association Insurance Fund’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(10) 
in 
section 
8(t)(2)(C) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1818(t)(2)(C)), by striking ‘‘deposit insurance fund’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(11) in section 11 (12 U.S.C. 1821)—
(A) by striking ‘‘deposit insurance fund’’ 
each place that term appears and inserting 
‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’;
(B) by striking paragraph (4) of sub-
section (a) and inserting the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND.—
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is estab-
lished the Deposit Insurance Fund, which the 
Corporation shall—
‘‘(i) maintain and administer; 
‘‘(ii) use to carry out its insurance 
purposes, in the manner provided by this 
subsection; and 
‘‘(iii) invest in accordance with section 
13(a). 
‘‘(B) USES.—The Deposit Insurance Fund 
shall be available to the Corporation for use 
with respect to insured depository institutions 
the deposits of which are insured by the De-
posit Insurance Fund. 
‘‘(C) 
LIMITATION
ON
USE.—Notwith-
standing any provision of law other than section 
13(c)(4)(G), the Deposit Insurance Fund shall 
not be used in any manner to benefit any share-
holder or affiliate (other than an insured depos-
itory institution that receives assistance in ac-
cordance with the provisions of this Act) of—
‘‘(i) any insured depository institution 
for which the Corporation has been ap-
pointed conservator or receiver, in connec-
tion with any type of resolution by the 
Corporation; 
‘‘(ii) any other insured depository in-
stitution in default or in danger of default, 
in connection with any type of resolution 
by the Corporation; or 
‘‘(iii) any insured depository institu-
tion, in connection with the provision of as-
sistance under this section or section 13 
with respect to such institution, except 
that this clause shall not prohibit any as-
sistance to any insured depository institu-
tion that is not in default, or that is not 
in danger of default, that is acquiring (as 
defined in section 13(f)(8)(B)) another in-
sured depository institution. 
‘‘(D) DEPOSITS.—All amounts assessed 
against insured depository institutions by the 
Corporation shall be deposited into the Deposit 
Insurance Fund.’’; 
(C) by striking paragraphs (5), (6), and 
(7) of subsection (a); and
(D) by redesignating paragraph (8) of sub-
section (a) as paragraph (5); 
(12) in section 11(f)(1) (12 U.S.C. 1821(f)(1)), 
by striking ‘‘, except that—’’ and all that follows 
through the end of the paragraph and inserting a 
period; 
(13) 
in 
section 
11(i)(3) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1821(i)(3))—
(A) by striking subparagraph (B); 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (B); and 
(C) in subparagraph (B) (as so redesig-
nated), by striking ‘‘subparagraphs (A) and 
(B)’’ and inserting ‘‘subparagraph (A)’’; 
(14) 
in 
section 
11(p)(2)(B) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1821(p)(2)(B)), by striking ‘‘institution, any’’ and 
inserting ‘‘institution, the’’; 
(15) in section 11A(a) (12 U.S.C. 1821a(a))—
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘LIABIL-
ITIES.—’’ and all that follows through ‘‘Except’’ 
and inserting ‘‘LIABILITIES.—Except’’; 
(B) by striking paragraph (2)(B); and 
(C) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘the 
Bank Insurance Fund, the Savings Association
Insurance Fund,’’ and inserting ‘‘the Deposit 
Insurance Fund’’; 
(16) in section 11A(b) (12 U.S.C. 1821a(b)), 
by striking paragraph (4); 
(17) in section 11A(f) (12 U.S.C. 1821a(f)), by 
striking ‘‘Savings Association Insurance Fund’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(18) in section 12(f)(4)(E)(iv) (12 U.S.C. 
1822(f)(4)(E)(iv)), by striking ‘‘Federal deposit in-
surance funds’’ and inserting ‘‘the Deposit Insur-
ance Fund (or any predecessor deposit insurance 
fund)’’; 
(19) in section 13 (12 U.S.C. 1823)—
(A) by striking ‘‘deposit insurance fund’’ 
each place that term appears and inserting 
‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘Bank 
Insurance Fund, the Savings Association Insur-
ance Fund,’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(C) in subsection (c)(4)(E)—
(i) in the subparagraph heading, by 
striking ‘‘FUNDS’’ and inserting ‘‘FUND’’; 
and
(ii) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘any in-
surance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘the Deposit 
Insurance Fund’’; 
(D) in subsection (c)(4)(G)(ii)—
(i) by striking ‘‘appropriate insurance 
fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘the members of the 
insurance fund (of which such institution 
is a member)’’ and inserting ‘‘insured de-
pository institutions’’; 
(iii) by striking ‘‘each member’s’’ and 
inserting ‘‘each insured depository institu-
tion’s’’; and 
(iv) by striking ‘‘the member’s’’ each 
place that term appears and inserting ‘‘the 
institution’s’’; 
(E) in subsection (c), by striking para-
graph (11); 
(F) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘Bank 
Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’;
(G) in subsection (k)(4)(B)(i), by striking 
‘‘Savings Association Insurance Fund member’’ 
and inserting ‘‘savings association’’; and
(H) in subsection (k)(5)(A), by striking 
‘‘Savings Association Insurance Fund mem-
bers’’ and inserting ‘‘savings associations’’; 
(20) in section 14(a) (12 U.S.C. 1824(a)), in 
the 5th sentence—
(A) by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund or 
the Savings Association Insurance Fund’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘each such fund’’ and in-
serting ‘‘the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(21) in section 14(b) (12 U.S.C. 1824(b)), by 
striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund or Savings Associa-
tion Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’; 
(22) in section 14(c) (12 U.S.C. 1824(c)), by 
striking paragraph (3); 
(23) in section 14(d) (12 U.S.C. 1824(d))—
(A) by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund 
member’’ each place that term appears and in-
serting ‘‘insured depository institution’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund 
members’’ each place that term appears and in-
serting ‘‘insured depository institutions’’; 
(C) by striking ‘‘Bank Insurance Fund’’ 
each place that term appears (other than in
connection with a reference to a term amended 
by subparagraph (A) or (B) of this paragraph) 
and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(D) by striking the subsection heading and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(d) BORROWING
FOR
THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE 
FUND FROM INSURED DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS.—’’; 
(E) in paragraph (3), in the paragraph 
heading, by striking ‘‘BIF’’ and inserting ‘‘THE 
DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND’’; and 
(F) in paragraph (5), in the paragraph 
heading, by striking ‘‘BIF MEMBERS’’ and in-
serting ‘‘INSURED DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS’’; 
(24) in section 14 (12 U.S.C. 1824), by adding 
at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(e) BORROWING
FOR
THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE 
FUND FROM FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANKS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Corporation may bor-
row from the Federal home loan banks, with the 
concurrence of the Federal Housing Finance Board, 
such funds as the Corporation considers necessary 
for the use of the Deposit Insurance Fund. 
‘‘(2) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.—Any loan from 
any Federal home loan bank under paragraph (1) to 
the Deposit Insurance Fund shall—
‘‘(A) bear a rate of interest of not less 
than the current marginal cost of funds to that 
bank, taking into account the maturities in-
volved; 
‘‘(B) be adequately secured, as determined 
by the Federal Housing Finance Board; 
‘‘(C) be a direct liability of the Deposit In-
surance Fund; and 
‘‘(D) be subject to the limitations of sec-
tion 15(c).’’; 
(25) 
in 
section 
15(c)(5) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1825(c)(5))—
(A) by striking ‘‘the Bank Insurance Fund 
or Savings Association Insurance Fund, respec-
tively’’ each place that term appears and insert-
ing ‘‘the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘the 
Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Associa-
tion Insurance Fund, respectively’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(26) in section 17(a) (12 U.S.C. 1827(a))—
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘BIF, SAIF,’’ and inserting ‘‘THE DEPOSIT IN-
SURANCE FUND’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (1)—
(i) by striking ‘‘the Bank Insurance 
Fund, the Savings Association Insurance 
Fund,’’ each place that term appears and 
inserting ‘‘the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
and 
(ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘each insurance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(27) in section 17(d) (12 U.S.C. 1827(d)), by 
striking ‘‘, the Bank Insurance Fund, the Savings 
Association Insurance Fund,’’ each place that term 
appears and inserting ‘‘the Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(28) 
in 
section 
18(m)(3) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1828(m)(3))—
(A) by striking ‘‘Savings Association In-
surance Fund’’ in the 1st sentence of subpara-
graph (A) and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘Savings Association In-
surance Fund member’’ in the last sentence of 
subparagraph (A) and inserting ‘‘savings asso-
ciation’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘Savings Association Insur-
ance Fund or the Bank Insurance Fund’’ in
subparagraph (C) and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’; 
(29) in section 18(o) (12 U.S.C. 1828(o)), by 
striking ‘‘deposit insurance funds’’ and ‘‘deposit in-
surance fund’’ each place those terms appear and in-
serting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(30) in section 18(p) (12 U.S.C. 1828(p)), by 
striking ‘‘deposit insurance funds’’ and inserting 
‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(31) in section 24 (12 U.S.C. 1831a)—
(A) in subsections (a)(1) and (d)(1)(A), by 
striking ‘‘appropriate deposit insurance fund’’ 
each place that term appears and inserting 
‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) in subsection (e)(2)(A), by striking 
‘‘risk to’’ and all that follows through the pe-
riod and inserting ‘‘risk to the Deposit Insur-
ance Fund.’’; and
(C) 
in 
subsections 
(e)(2)(B)(ii) 
and 
(f)(6)(B), by striking ‘‘the insurance fund of 
which such bank is a member’’ each place that 
term appears and inserting ‘‘the Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’; 
(32) in section 28 (12 U.S.C. 1831e), by strik-
ing ‘‘affected deposit insurance fund’’ each place
that term appears and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(33) by striking section 31 (12 U.S.C. 1831h); 
(34) 
in 
section 
36(i)(3) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1831m(i)(3)), by striking ‘‘affected deposit insur-
ance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(35) 
in 
section 
37(a)(1)(C) 
(12 
U.S.C. 
1831n(a)(1)(C)), by striking ‘‘insurance funds’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(36) in section 38 (12 U.S.C. 1831o), by strik-
ing ‘‘the deposit insurance fund’’ each place that 
term appears and inserting ‘‘the Deposit Insurance 
Fund’’; 
(37) in section 38(a) (12 U.S.C. 1831o(a)), in 
the subsection heading, by striking ‘‘FUNDS’’ and in-
serting ‘‘FUND’’; 
(38) in section 38(k) (12 U.S.C. 1831o(k))—
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘a de-
posit insurance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘the De-
posit Insurance Fund’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘A de-
posit insurance fund’’ and inserting ‘‘The De-
posit Insurance Fund’’; and
(E) in subsection (t)(5)(D)(iii)(II), by 
striking ‘‘affected deposit insurance fund’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; 
(F) in subsection (t)(7)(C)(i)(I), by strik-
ing ‘‘affected deposit insurance fund’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Deposit Insurance Fund’’; and 
(G) in subsection (v)(2)(A)(i), by striking 
‘‘the Savings Association Insurance Fund’’ and 
inserting ‘‘or the Deposit Insurance Fund’’; and 
(2) in section 10 (12 U.S.C. 1467a)—
(A) in subsection (c)(6)(D), by striking 
‘‘this title’’ and inserting ‘‘this Act’’; 
(B) in subsection (e)(1)(B), by striking 
‘‘Savings Association Insurance Fund or Bank 
Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’; 
(C) in subsection (e)(2), by striking ‘‘Sav-
ings Association Insurance Fund or the Bank 
Insurance Fund’’ and inserting ‘‘Deposit Insur-
ance Fund’’; 
(D) in subsection (e)(4)(B), by striking 
‘‘subsection (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (l)’’; 
(E) in subsection (g)(3)(A), by striking 
‘‘(5) of this section’’ and inserting ‘‘(5) of this 
subsection’’;