I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3534 
To require justices, judges, magistrate judges, or bankruptcy judges and 
their spouses and dependent children to place certain assets into qualified 
blind trusts, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 18, 2023 
Mr. SCHIFF (for himself, Ms. SPANBERGER, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Ms. 
NORTON, Ms. JACKSON LEE, Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN, Mr. MULLIN, Mr. 
LIEU, Ms. LEE of California, Ms. TLAIB, Mr. NICKEL, Mrs. TORRES of 
California, Mr. SABLAN, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. GARCI´A of Illinois, 
Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi, Ms. SCANLON, and Mr. GARAMENDI) in-
troduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the 
Judiciary 
A BILL 
To require justices, judges, magistrate judges, or bankruptcy 
judges and their spouses and dependent children to place 
certain assets into qualified blind trusts, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Justice is Beneficial 
Limitation on Investments and Necessary Disclosure Act 
of 2023’’ or as the ‘‘Justice is BLIND Act of 2023’’. 
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SEC. 2. PLACEMENT OF CERTAIN ASSETS OF JUSTICES, 
JUDGES, MAGISTRATE JUDGES, OR BANK-
RUPTCY JUDGES AND THEIR SPOUSES AND 
DEPENDENT CHILDREN IN BLIND TRUST. 
Section 455 of title 28, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (c), by inserting the following: 
‘‘though such efforts should not include seeking in-
formation about the identity of the financial instru-
ments contained in any qualified blind trust other 
than the initial assets of the qualified blind trust es-
tablished by a justice, judge, magistrate judge or 
bankruptcy judge, or the spouse or dependent child 
of such justice, judge, magistrate judge, or bank-
ruptcy judge, to comply with subsection (g)’’ before 
the period at the end; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(g) PLACEMENT OF CERTAIN ASSETS OF JUSTICES, 
JUDGES, MAGISTRATE JUDGES, OR BANKRUPTCY JUDGES 
AND THEIR SPOUSES AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN IN 
QUALIFIED BLIND TRUST.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) 
JUSTICE, 
JUDGE, 
MAGISTRATE 
JUDGE, OR
BANKRUPTCY
JUDGE
OCCUPYING 
OFFICE ON DATE OF ENACTMENT.—Not later 
than 90 days after the effective date of this 
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subsection, a justice, judge, magistrate judge, 
or bankruptcy judge and any spouse or depend-
ent child of such justice, judge, magistrate 
judge, or bankruptcy judge shall place any cov-
ered financial interest of such justice, judge, 
magistrate judge, or bankruptcy judge or by 
any spouse or dependent child of such justice, 
judge, magistrate judge, or bankruptcy judge, 
into a qualified blind trust. 
‘‘(B) 
JUSTICE, 
JUDGE, 
MAGISTRATE 
JUDGE, OR BANKRUPTCY JUDGE ASSUMING OF-
FICE AFTER DATE OF ENACTMENT.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date an individual be-
comes a justice, judge, magistrate judge, or 
bankruptcy judge, such individual and any 
spouse or dependent child of such individual 
shall place any covered financial interest of 
such individual, spouse, or dependent child into 
a qualified blind trust. 
‘‘(C) MINGLING OF ASSETS.—A spouse or 
dependent child of a justice, judge, magistrate 
judge, or bankruptcy judge may place a covered 
financial interest in a qualified blind trust es-
tablished by such justice, judge, magistrate 
judge, or bankruptcy judge under subparagraph 
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any covered financial interest of such jus-
tice, judge, magistrate judge, or bank-
ruptcy judge or a spouse or dependent 
child of such justice, judge, magistrate 
judge, or bankruptcy judge has been 
placed in such trust; or 
‘‘(ii) attest in writing that neither 
such justice, judge, magistrate judge, or 
bankruptcy judge nor a spouse or depend-
ent child of such justice, judge, magistrate 
judge, or bankruptcy judge have any finan-
cial interests. 
‘‘(B) REPORT.—The Administrative Office 
of the United States Courts shall make avail-
able on the searchable internet database estab-
lished under section 105(c) of the Ethics in 
Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. 13107(c)) 
any attestation made under subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(3) EXCEPTION.—A spouse or dependent child 
who receives compensation from their primary occu-
pation through any covered financial interest shall 
not be required to place such covered financial inter-
est in a qualified blind trust under this subsection. 
‘‘(4) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
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‘‘(A) COMMODITY.—The term ‘commodity’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 1a 
of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1a). 
‘‘(B) COVERED
FINANCIAL
INTEREST.— 
The term ‘covered financial interest’— 
‘‘(i) means a financial interest in a se-
curity, a commodity, or a future, or any 
comparable economic interest acquired 
through synthetic means such as the use of 
a derivative; and 
‘‘(ii) does not include— 
‘‘(I) a widely held investment 
fund described in section 13104(f)(8) 
of title 5 that is diversified and reg-
istered as a management company 
under the Investment Company Act of 
1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq.); or 
‘‘(II) a United States Treasury 
bill, note, or bond. 
‘‘(C) DEPENDENT CHILD.—The term ‘de-
pendent child’ has the meaning given that term 
in section 13101 of title 5. 
‘‘(D) 
QUALIFIED
BLIND
TRUST.—The 
term ‘qualified blind trust’ has the meaning 
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given that term in section 13104(f)(3) of title 
5. 
‘‘(5) SEVERABILITY.—If any provision of this 
subsection or the application of such provision to 
any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitu-
tional, the remainder of this subsection and the ap-
plication of the remaining provisions of this sub-
section to any person or circumstance, shall not be 
affected.’’. 
Æ 
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