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(B) 
to 
facilitate 
partnerships 
between
United States and African cooperatives and pri-
vate businesses to enhance the capacity and tech-
nical and marketing expertise of business asso-
ciations in sub-Saharan Africa.
SEC. 104. AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT AC-
TIVITIES OF THE OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVEST-
MENT CORPORATION.
(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to en-
courage the Overseas Private Investment Corporation to
work with United States businesses and other United States
entities to invest in rural sub-Saharan Africa, particularly
in ways that will develop the capacities of small-scale farm-
ers and small rural entrepreneurs, including women, in
sub-Saharan Africa.
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress
that—
(1) the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
should exercise its authority under law to undertake
an initiative to support private agricultural and
rural development in sub-Saharan Africa, including
issuing loans, guaranties, and insurance, to support
rural development in sub-Saharan Africa, particu-
larly to support intermediary organizations that—
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(A) directly serve the needs of small-scale
farmers, small rural entrepreneurs, and rural
producer-owned 
cooperative 
purchasing 
and
marketing associations;
(B) have a clear track-record of support for
sound business management practices; and
(C) have demonstrated experience with
participatory development methods; and
(2) the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
should utilize existing equity funds, loan and insur-
ance funds, to the extent feasible and in accordance
with existing contractual obligations, to support agri-
culture and rural development in sub-Saharan Africa.
SEC. 105. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EXTENSION AC-
TIVITIES.
(a) DEVELOPMENT OF PLAN.—The Administrator of
the United States Agency for International Development,
in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and ap-
propriate Department of Agriculture agencies, especially
the Cooperative State, Research, Education and Extension
Service (CSREES), shall develop a comprehensive plan to
coordinate and build on the research and extension activi-
ties of United States land-grant universities, international
agricultural research centers, and national agricultural re-
search and extension centers in sub-Saharan Africa.
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(b) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.—Such plan shall
seek to ensure that—
(1) research and extension activities will respond
to the needs of small-scale farmers while developing
the potential and skills of researchers, extension
agents, farmers, and agribusiness persons in sub-Sa-
haran Africa;
(2) sustainable agricultural methods of farming
will be considered together with new technologies in
increasing agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan
Africa; and
(3) research and extension efforts will focus on
sustainable agricultural practices and will be adapted
to widely varying climates within sub-Saharan Afri-
ca.
TITLE II—WORLDWIDE FOOD AS-
SISTANCE 
AND 
AGRICUL-
TURAL PROGRAMS
Subtitle A—Nonemergency Food
Assistance Programs
SEC. 201. NONEMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—In providing nonemergency assist-
ance under title II of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1721 et seq.), the Ad-
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ministrator of the United States Agency for International
Development shall ensure that—
(1) in planning, decisionmaking, and implemen-
tation in providing such assistance, the Adminis-
trator takes into consideration local input and par-
ticipation directly and through United States and in-
digenous private and voluntary organizations;
(2) each of the nonemergency activities described
in paragraphs (2) through (6) of section 201 of such
Act (7 U.S.C. 1721), including programs that provide
assistance to people of any age group who are other-
wise unable to meet their basic food needs (including
feeding programs for the disabled, orphaned, elderly,
sick and dying), are carried out; and
(3) greater flexibility is provided for program
and evaluation plans so that such assistance may be
developed to meet local needs, as provided for in sec-
tion 202(f) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1722(f)).
(b) OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—In providing assistance
under the Agriculture Trade Development and Assistance
Act of 1954, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Adminis-
trator of United States Agency for International Develop-
ment shall ensure that commodities are provided in a man-
ner that is consistent with sections 403 (a) and (b) of such
Act (7 U.S.C. 1733 (a) and (b)).
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Subtitle B—Bill Emerson
Humanitarian Trust Act of 1998
SEC. 211. SHORT TITLE.
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Bill Emerson Hu-
manitarian Trust Act of 1998’’.
SEC. 212. BILL EMERSON HUMANITARIAN TRUST ACT.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 302 of the Agricultural Act
of 1980 (7 U.S.C. 1736f–1) is amended—
(1) in subsection (b)—
(A) in the subsection heading, by inserting
‘‘OR FUNDS’’ after ‘‘COMMODITIES’’;
(B) in paragraph (1)—
(i) in subparagraph (B), by striking
‘‘and’’ at the end;
(ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’;
and
(iii) by adding at the end the follow-
ing:
‘‘(D) funds made available under para-
graph (2)(B) which shall be used solely to replen-
ish commodities in the trust.’’; and
(C) in paragraph (2) by striking subpara-
graph (B) and inserting the following:
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‘‘(B) FUNDS.—Any funds used to acquire
eligible commodities through purchases from pro-
ducers or in the market to replenish the trust
shall be derived—
‘‘(i) with respect to fiscal years 2000
through 2002 from funds made available to
carry out the Agricultural Trade Develop-
ment and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C.
1691 et seq.) that are used to repay or reim-
burse the Commodity Credit Corporation
for the release of eligible commodities under
subsections (c)(2) and (f)(2), except that, of
such funds, not more than $20,000,000 may
be expended for this purpose in each of the
fiscal years 2000 through 2002; and
‘‘(ii) from funds authorized for that
use by an appropriations Act.’’;
(2) in subsection (c)(2)—
(A) by striking ‘‘ASSISTANCE.—Notwith-
standing’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘ASSIST-
ANCE.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(B) LIMITATION.—The Secretary may re-
lease eligible commodities under subparagraph