(2) EXPANDED ELIGIBILITY.—Section 22907(b) 
of title 49, United States Code, is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(14) A Class I railroad company only if— 
‘‘(A) the entity uses the funds to install 
electrification infrastructure; 
‘‘(B) the project uses project labor agree-
ments; 
‘‘(C) the project includes enforceable 
agreements to hire from local communities; 
‘‘(D) the entity complies with section 
22404 of title 49, United States Code; and 
‘‘(E) the project is in partnership with at 
least 1 of the entities described in paragraphs 
(1) through (5).’’. 
(3) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.—Section 22907(c) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(17) Any project to facilitate zero-emission lo-
comotive infrastructure, including projects— 
‘‘(A) to electrify publicly-owned or Amtrak- 
owned routes; 
‘‘(B) to rehabilitate or improve existing lo-
comotives, MU locomotives, or trains (including 
engines) to reduce emissions; 
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‘‘(C) to purchase railroad infrastructure 
and right of way from freight railroads— 
‘‘(i) to expand passenger rail or re-
gional rail; or 
‘‘(ii) with the intent to electrify rail in 
the future; 
‘‘(D) to build electrified rail corridors; 
‘‘(E) to electrify rail yards; 
‘‘(F) to lease or acquire an easement along 
a right-of-way for electrification; 
‘‘(G) to purchase electrification equipment 
and rolling stock or other zero-emission loco-
motives, MU locomotives, and equipment; 
‘‘(H) to ensure new electrification infra-
structure is climate-resilient; and 
‘‘(I) to engage in robust engagement with 
communities impacted by any new rail infra-
structure.’’. 
(4) REQUIREMENTS.—Section 22907(d) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(d) APPLICATION PROCESS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pre-
scribe the form and manner of filing an application 
under this section. 
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‘‘(2) WORKFORCE
DEVELOPMENT
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—Each application for a grant under this 
section shall include a transition plan that examines 
the impact of the proposed project on the workforce 
of the eligible entity and includes— 
‘‘(A) an identification of skills gaps, train-
ing needs, and retraining needs of the work-
force; 
‘‘(B) a plan to operate and maintain infra-
structure of the project using existing insourced 
workforce; 
‘‘(C) a plan to avoid displacement of the 
workforce; 
‘‘(D) an identification of the steps the eli-
gible entity will take to offset any identified 
negative impact or potential displacement of the 
workforce, including how the entity will use the 
funds from the grant and its own funding to 
implement the transition plan; and 
‘‘(E) a description of how the eligible enti-
ty will work with any organizations representing 
the workforce to implement the transition plan. 
‘‘(3) REQUIREMENTS FOR RAIL ELECTRIFICA-
TION PROJECTS.—Each application for a grant for 
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an eligible project described under subsection (c)(17) 
shall include— 
‘‘(A) plans for robust engagement, early in 
the project planning process, with communities 
impacted by any new rail electrification infra-
structure; 
‘‘(B) plans for hiring from local commu-
nities, displaced rail workers, tribal and indige-
nous communities, and environmental justice 
communities; and 
‘‘(C) a description of wage and apprentice-
ship requirements for individuals employed to 
construct, operate, and maintain rail electrifica-
tion infrastructure.’’. 
(5) PRIORITY
FOR
RAIL
ELECTRIFICATION.— 
Section 22907(e) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and 
(3) as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the 
following: 
‘‘(2) PRIORITY FOR RAIL ELECTRIFICATION.— 
In selecting a recipient of a grant for an eligible 
project, the Secretary shall give priority to a pro-
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posed project that includes electrification infrastruc-
ture (as defined in the All Aboard Act of 2025)— 
‘‘(A) in freight railyards or corridors in en-
vironmental justice communities; and 
‘‘(B) along new or existing rail corridors.’’. 
(c) AMTRAK.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary $30,000,000,000 for 
the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 2025, for 
the use of Amtrak. 
(2) CLIMATE RESILIENCE FUND.—Of the funds 
appropriated to the Secretary pursuant to paragraph 
(1), $5,000,000,000 shall be used for climate resil-
iency improvement projects to increase resiliency 
against climate-related changes in conditions, includ-
ing flooding risk, sea level rise, extreme storms, 
coastal erosion, and extreme temperatures. 
(d) RAILROAD CROSSING ELIMINATION PROGRAM.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
$10,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on Octo-
ber 1, 2025, to provide grants under section 22909 of title 
49, United States Code. 
(e) RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
$1,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on Octo-
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ber 1, 2025, to provide grants under section 22908 of title 
49, United States Code. 
(f) GRANT ADJUSTMENT TO SUPPORT RAIL EXPAN-
SION.—Section 24305 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(g) USE OF FEDERAL GRANT FUNDS.—Unless spe-
cifically prohibited by law or inconsistent with a grant 
agreement pursuant to which the relevant funding was 
provided, Amtrak or States may use grant funding re-
ceived from the Federal Government to cover any non- 
Federal share of costs required to be paid under grant 
programs authorized in title 23 or 49, United States Code, 
or in other Federal laws, to the extent necessary to ad-
vance critical intercity passenger rail investments.’’. 
(g) 
RAILWAY-HIGHWAY
CROSSINGS.—Section 
130(e)(1) of title 23, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and 
(C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(B) INSTALLATION OF PROTECTIVE DE-
VICES.—At least 1⁄2 of the funds set aside each 
fiscal year under subparagraph (A) shall be 
available for the installation of protective de-
vices at railway-highway crossings.’’. 
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SEC. 6. RAIL AIR POLLUTION GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency shall establish a program to 
provide grants under sections 103 and 105 of the Clean 
Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7403 and 7405) to address the air 
pollution generated by railyards. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency $500,000,000 for the 5- 
year period beginning on October 1, 2025, to provide 
grants under section 105 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
7405) to carry out subsection (a). 
SEC. 7. LABOR PROTECTIONS AND WORKFORCE DEVELOP-
MENT. 
(a) GRANT CONDITIONS.—Subsections (a), (c), and 
(d) of section 22905 of title 49, United States Code, shall 
apply to any grant awarded pursuant to this Act, or funds 
provided under this Act, as if the grant or funds were 
awarded under chapter 229 of title 49, United States 
Code. The conditions of section 22404 of title 49, United 
States Code, shall apply to any grant awarded pursuant 
to this Act. 
(b) OPERATORS AND CERTAIN RAILROAD TRANSPOR-
TATION SERVICE PROVIDERS DEEMED RAIL CARRIERS 
AND EMPLOYERS FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES.—(1) A person 
that (A) conducts passenger rail operations over, or (B) 
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that performs work for, or in support of, passenger rail 
operations that is work performed by employees in rail-
road industry crafts and classes recognized under para-
graph Ninth of section 2 of the Railway Labor Act (45 
U.S.C. 152) on rail infrastructure constructed or improved 
with funding provided in whole in or part in a grant made 
under this Act shall be considered a rail carrier, and an 
employer only for the purposes of making such person sub-
ject to the laws of the United States referred to in section 
10501(c)(3)(A) of title 49, United States Code, including 
(i) the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231 
et seq.); (ii) the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et 
seq.); and (iii) the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act 
(45 U.S.C. 351 et seq.) but is not deemed to be a rail 
carrier for the purposes of, or subject to, any other law 
of the United States. 
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1)— 
(A)(i) an employer engaged primarily in the 
building and construction industry, as that term is 
used in section 8(f) of the National Labor Relation 
Act (29 U.S.C. 158(f)) which is performing con-
struction work as a contractor for an eligible entity 
receiving funds provided under this Act, including a 
rail carrier, shall not itself be considered a rail car-
rier solely as a result of performance of that work, 
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and shall be permitted to perform the work with em-
ployees who are not covered by (i) the Railroad Re-
tirement Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231 et seq.); (ii) 
the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.); and 
(iii) the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 
U.S.C. 351 et seq.); and 
(ii) the exception described in clause (i) does 
not apply to the performance of railroad mainte-
nance and repair work that is, and has been, histori-
cally and customarily performed by employees in 
railroad industry crafts and classes recognized under 
paragraph Ninth of section 2 of the Railway Labor 
Act (45 U.S.C. 152); or 
(B) an employer performing work as a con-
tractor or subcontractor for— 
(i) a railroad that owns, uses, or is con-
tracted to perform work on, rail infrastructure 
constructed or improved with funding provided 
in whole or in part in a grant made under this 
Act; or 
(ii) an operator that uses such infrastruc-
ture, 
shall not itself be considered a rail carrier solely 
as a result of performance of that work, and shall 
be permitted to perform the work with employees 
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who are not covered by (i) the Railroad Retirement 
Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231 et seq.); (ii) the Railway 
Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.); and (iii) the 
Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 
351 et seq.) when such work is performed consistent 
with a collective bargaining agreement between the 
railroad or operator and a union representing em-
ployees in a railroad industry craft or class recog-
nized under paragraph Ninth of section 2 of the 
Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 152), covering work 
performed by that craft or class. 
(c) OTHER REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—All laborers and mechanics 
employed by contractors or subcontractors in the 
performance of construction, alternation, or repair 
work carried out, in whole or in part, with assistance 
made available under this Act shall be paid wages at 
rates not less than those prevailing on projects of a 
character similar in the locality as determined by the 
Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter 
IV of chapter 31 of title 40, United States Code. 
(2) AUTHORITY.—With respect to labor stand-
ards specified in paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
Labor shall have the authority and functions set 
forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 
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(64 Stat. 1267; 5 U.S.C. App.) and sections 3145 
of title 40, United States Code. 
(d) RAIL WORKFORCE TRAINING CENTERS.— 
(1) PASSENGER
RAIL
WORKFORCE
TRAINING 
CENTER.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—There is established 
within the consolidated workforce training pro-
gram— 
(i) a center, which shall be known as 
the ‘‘Passenger Rail Workforce Training 
Center’’, to meet the needs of the pas-
senger rail systems workforce through 
standards-based training relating to rel-
evant maintenance and operations occupa-
tions; and 
(ii) expand workforce development ef-
forts in partnership with organized labor 
including, apprenticeship training pro-
grams. 
(B) DUTIES.—The Passenger Rail Work-
force Training Center, in cooperation with non-
profit labor organizations and Amtrak, shall de-
velop and carry out training and educational 
programs for rail employees serving in the pas-
senger rail workforce. 
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