985
duction of the oil and gas resources of the Coastal
Plain; and
(2) to administer the provisions of this title
through regulations, lease terms, conditions, restric-
tions, prohibitions, stipulations, and other provisions
that ensure the oil and gas exploration, development,
and production activities on the Coastal Plain will
result in no significant adverse effect on fish and
wildlife, their habitat, subsistence resources, and the
environment, and including, in furtherance of this
goal, by requiring the application of the best com-
mercially available technology for oil and gas explo-
ration, development, and production to all explo-
ration, development, and production operations
under this title in a manner that ensures the receipt
of fair market value by the public for the mineral re-
sources to be leased.
(b) REPEAL.—
(1) REPEAL.—Section 1003 of the Alaska Na-
tional Interest Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C.
3143) is repealed.
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of con-
tents in section 1 of such Act is amended by striking
the item relating to section 1003.
986
(c) COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS UNDER CER-
TAIN OTHER LAWS.—
(1) COMPATIBILITY.—For purposes of the Na-
tional Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of
1966, the oil and gas leasing program and activities
authorized by this section in the Coastal Plain are
deemed to be compatible with the purposes for which
the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge was established,
and that no further findings or decisions are re-
quired to implement this determination.
(2) ADEQUACY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE
INTERIOR’S LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
STATEMENT.—The 
‘‘Final 
Legislative 
Environ-
mental Impact Statement’’ (April 1987) on the
Coastal Plain prepared pursuant to section 1002 of
the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation
Act (16 U.S.C. 3142) and section 102(2)(C) of the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)) is deemed to satisfy the require-
ments under the National Environmental Policy Act
of 1969 that apply with respect to prelease activities,
including actions authorized to be taken by the Sec-
retary to develop and promulgate the regulations for
the establishment of a leasing program authorized
by this title before the conduct of the first lease sale.
987
(3) COMPLIANCE WITH NEPA FOR OTHER AC-
TIONS.—Before conducting the first lease sale under
this title, the Secretary shall prepare an environ-
mental impact statement under the National Envi-
ronmental Policy Act of 1969 with respect to the ac-
tions authorized by this title that are not referred to
in paragraph (2). Notwithstanding any other law,
the Secretary is not required to identify nonleasing
alternative courses of action or to analyze the envi-
ronmental effects of such courses of action. The Sec-
retary shall only identify a preferred action for such
leasing and a single leasing alternative, and analyze
the environmental effects and potential mitigation
measures for those two alternatives. The identifica-
tion of the preferred action and related analysis for
the first lease sale under this title shall be completed
within 18 months after the date of enactment of this
Act. The Secretary shall only consider public com-
ments that specifically address the Secretary’s pre-
ferred action and that are filed within 20 days after
publication of an environmental analysis. Notwith-
standing any other law, compliance with this para-
graph is deemed to satisfy all requirements for the
analysis and consideration of the environmental ef-
fects of proposed leasing under this title.
988
(d) RELATIONSHIP TO STATE AND LOCAL AUTHOR-
ITY.—Nothing in this title shall be considered to expand
or limit State and local regulatory authority.
(e) SPECIAL AREAS.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary, after con-
sultation with the State of Alaska, the city of
Kaktovik, and the North Slope Borough, may des-
ignate up to a total of 45,000 acres of the Coastal
Plain as a Special Area if the Secretary determines
that the Special Area is of such unique character
and interest so as to require special management
and regulatory protection. The Secretary shall des-
ignate as such a Special Area the Sadlerochit Spring
area, comprising approximately 4,000 acres as de-
picted on the map referred to in section 2202(1).
(2) MANAGEMENT.—Each such Special Area
shall be managed so as to protect and preserve the
area’s unique and diverse character including its
fish, wildlife, and subsistence resource values.
(3) EXCLUSION
FROM
LEASING
OR
SURFACE
OCCUPANCY.—The Secretary may exclude any Spe-
cial Area from leasing. If the Secretary leases a Spe-
cial Area, or any part thereof, for purposes of oil
and gas exploration, development, production, and
989
related activities, there shall be no surface occu-
pancy of the lands comprising the Special Area.
(4) DIRECTIONAL DRILLING.—Notwithstanding
the other provisions of this subsection, the Secretary
may lease all or a portion of a Special Area under
terms that permit the use of horizontal drilling tech-
nology from sites on leases located outside the area.
(f) LIMITATION
ON
CLOSED
AREAS.—The Sec-
retary’s sole authority to close lands within the Coastal
Plain to oil and gas leasing and to exploration, develop-
ment, and production is that set forth in this title.
(g) REGULATIONS.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pre-
scribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry
out this title, including rules and regulations relating
to protection of the fish and wildlife, their habitat,
subsistence resources, and environment of the Coast-
al Plain, by no later than 15 months after the date
of enactment of this Act.
(2) REVISION
OF
REGULATIONS.—The Sec-
retary shall periodically review and, if appropriate,
revise the rules and regulations issued under sub-
section (a) to reflect any significant biological, envi-
ronmental, or engineering data that come to the Sec-
retary’s attention.