‘‘(i) electrical energy to chemical en-
ergy; and 
‘‘(ii) chemical energy to electrical en-
ergy; and 
‘‘(B) to support scientific inquiry into the 
practical understanding of chemical and phys-
ical processes that occur within systems involv-
ing crystalline and amorphous solids, polymers, 
and organic and aqueous liquids. 
‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs 
and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary 
shall leverage expertise and resources from— 
‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, 
the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 
Program, and the Biological and Environmental 
Research Program of the Office of Science; and 
‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy. 
‘‘(3) TEAMS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
Initiative, the Secretary shall organize activities 
among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 
the maximum extent practicable, expertise from 
the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
education, and the private sector. 
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‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams 
described in subparagraph (A) shall pursue ag-
gressive, milestone-driven, basic research goals. 
‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall 
provide sufficient resources to the multidisci-
plinary teams described in subparagraph (A) to 
achieve the goals described in subparagraph (B) 
over a period of time to be determined by the 
Secretary. 
‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 
may organize additional activities under this sub-
section through Energy Frontier Research Centers, 
Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 
structures. 
‘‘(b) MULTIVALENT SYSTEMS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search needed to bridge scientific barriers to, and 
discover knowledge relevant to, multivalent ion mate-
rials in electric energy storage systems. 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy 
Sciences 
shall 
investigate 
electro-
chemical properties and the dynamics of mate-
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rials, including charge transfer phenomena and 
mass transport in materials; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program. 
‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Biological and Environmental Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology. 
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‘‘(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULA-
TION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search to model and simulate organic electrolytes, 
including the static and dynamic electrochemical be-
havior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at the 
molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multi-
valent systems. 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy Sciences, in coordination with the Asso-
ciate Director of Advanced Scientific Com-
puting Research, shall support the development 
of 
high 
performance 
computational 
tools 
through a joint development process to maxi-
mize the effectiveness of current and projected 
high performance computing systems; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program. 
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‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $30,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology. 
‘‘(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search needed to reveal electrochemistry in confined 
mesoscale spaces, including scientific discoveries rel-
evant to— 
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‘‘(A) 
bio-electrochemistry 
and 
electro-
chemical energy conversion and storage in con-
fined spaces; and 
‘‘(B) the dynamics of the phenomena de-
scribed in subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy Sciences and the Associate Director of 
Biological and Environmental Research shall in-
vestigate phenomena of mesoscale electro-
chemical confinement for the purpose of repli-
cating and controlling new electrochemical be-
havior; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program. 
‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
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‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Biological and Environmental Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 
contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 975 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.’’. 
(h) ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 
a program to provide awards, on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis, to multi-institutional collabora-
tions or other appropriate entities to conduct funda-
mental and use-inspired energy research to accel-
erate scientific breakthroughs. 
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(2) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration receiv-
ing an award under this subsection may include mul-
tiple types of institutions and private sector entities. 
(3) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A collaboration under 
this subsection shall be selected for a period of 
4 years. 
(B) 
EXISTING
CENTERS.—An 
Energy 
Frontier Research Center in existence and sup-
ported by the Director on the date of enactment 
of this Act may continue to receive support for 
a period of 4 years beginning on the date of es-
tablishment of that center. 
(C) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the 
period described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as 
applicable, a recipient of an award may reapply 
for selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis. 
(D) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the 
existing authorities of the Department, the Di-
rector may terminate an underperforming cen-
ter for cause during the performance period. 
(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program in 
materials sciences and engineering, the Director 
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shall support the development of a web-based plat-
form to provide access to a database of computed in-
formation on known and predicted materials prop-
erties and computational tools to accelerate break-
throughs in materials discovery and design. 
(2) In carrying out this section, the Director 
shall— 
(A) conduct cooperative research with in-
dustry, academia, and other research institu-
tions to facilitate the design of novel materials; 
(B) leverage existing high performance 
computing systems to conduct high-throughput 
calculations, and develop computational and 
data mining algorithms for the prediction of 
material properties; 
(C) advance understanding, prediction, and 
manipulation of materials; 
(D) strengthen the foundation for new 
technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 
(E) drive the development of advanced ma-
terials for applications that span the Depart-
ment’s missions in energy, environment, and 
national security. 
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(3) In carrying out this section, the Director 
shall leverage programs and activities across the De-
partment. 
SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re-
search, development, and demonstration program to ad-
vance computational and networking capabilities to ana-
lyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena rel-
evant to the development of new energy technologies and 
the competitiveness of the United States. 
(b) AMERICAN SUPER COMPUTING LEADERSHIP.— 
(1) RENAMING OF ACT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the De-
partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi-
talization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 note; 
Public Law 108–423) is amended by striking 
‘‘Department of Energy High-End Computing 
Revitalization Act of 2004’’ and inserting 
‘‘American Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 
(B) CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—Section 
976(a)(1) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘De-
partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi-
talization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘Amer-
ican Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 
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(2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the American 
Super Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), 
as renamed by paragraph (1), is amended— 
(A) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(2) 
through (5) as paragraphs (3) through (6), re-
spectively; 
(B) by striking paragraph (1) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘Department’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
‘‘(2) 
EXASCALE
COMPUTING.—The 
term 
‘exascale computing’ means computing through the 
use of a computing machine that performs near or 
above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.’’; 
and 
(C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by 
subparagraph (A)), by striking ‘‘, acting 
through the Director of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy’’. 
(3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COM-
PUTING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.— 
Section 3 of the American Super Computing Leader-
ship Act (15 U.S.C. 5542), as renamed by para-
graph (1), is amended— 
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