and ‘In God We Trust’ shall be edge-incused 
into the coin. 
‘‘(ii) PRESERVATION
OF
DISTINCTIVE 
EDGE.—The edge-incusing of the inscrip-
tions under clause (i) on coins issued under 
this subsection shall be done in a manner 
that preserves the distinctive edge of the 
coin so that the denomination of the coin is 
readily discernible, including by individ-
uals who are blind or visually impaired. 
‘‘(D) INSCRIPTIONS
OF
‘LIBERTY’.—Not-
withstanding the 2d sentence of subsection (d)(1), 
because the use of a design bearing the likeness 
of the Statue of Liberty on the reverse of the 
coins issued under this subsection adequately 
conveys the concept of Liberty, the inscription of 
‘Liberty’ shall not appear on the coins. 
‘‘(E) PROHIBITION ON SITTING PRESIDENT 
IN SERIES.—No coin issued under this subsection 
may bear the image of a President who, at the 
time of issuance, is currently serving as Presi-
dent. 
‘‘(3) ISSUANCE
OF
COINS
COMMEMORATING 
PRESIDENTS.—
‘‘(A) ORDER
OF
ISSUANCE.—The coins 
issued under this subsection commemorating 
Presidents of the United States shall be issued in 
the order of the period of service of each Presi-
dent, beginning with President George Wash-
ington. 
‘‘(B) TREATMENT
OF
PERIOD
OF
SERV-
ICE.—
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to clause 
(ii), only 1 coin design shall be issued for 
a period of service for any President, no 
matter how many consecutive terms of office 
the President served. 
‘‘(ii) NONCONSECUTIVE
TERMS.—If a 
President has served during 2 or more non-
consecutive periods of service, a coin shall 
be issued under this subsection for each such 
nonconsecutive period of service. 
‘‘(4) ISSUANCE
OF
COINS
COMMEMORATING
PRESIDENTS DURING EACH YEAR OF THE PERIOD.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The designs for the $1 
coins issued during each year of the period re-
ferred to in paragraph (1) shall be emblematic of 
4 Presidents until each President has been so 
honored, subject to paragraph (2)(E).
‘‘(B) NUMBER OF 4 CIRCULATING COIN DE-
SIGNS IN EACH YEAR.—The Secretary shall pre-
scribe, on the basis of such factors as the Sec-
retary determines to be appropriate, the number 
of $1 coins that shall be issued with each of the 
designs selected for each year of the period re-
ferred to in paragraph (1). 
‘‘(5) ISSUANCE OF NUMISMATIC COINS.—The Sec-
retary may mint and issue such number of $1 coins 
of each design selected under this subsection in uncir-
culated and proof qualities as the Secretary deter-
mines to be appropriate. 
‘‘(6) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.—The issuance 
of coins under this subsection shall terminate when 
each President has been so honored, subject to para-
graph (2)(E), and may not be resumed except by an 
Act of Congress. 
‘‘(7) REVERSION TO PRECEDING DESIGN.—Upon 
the termination of the issuance of coins under this 
subsection, the design of all $1 coins shall revert to 
the the so-called ‘Sacagawea-design’ $1 coins.’’. 
SEC. 103. FIRST SPOUSE BULLION COIN PROGRAM. 
Section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, is amend-
ed by inserting after subsection (n) (as added by the pre-
ceding section of this title) the following new subsection:
‘‘(o) FIRST SPOUSE BULLION COIN PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—During the same period in 
which the $1 coins are issued under subsection (n) 
which are emblematic of the Presidents of the United 
States, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue bul-
lion coins under this subsection that are emblematic 
of the spouse of each such President. 
‘‘(2) SPECIFICATIONS.—The coins issued under 
this subsection shall—
‘‘(A) have the same diameter as the $1 coins 
described in subsection (n); 
‘‘(B) weigh 0.5 ounce; and 
‘‘(C) contain 99.99 percent pure gold. 
‘‘(3) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.—
‘‘(A) COIN OBVERSE.—The design on the ob-
verse of each coin issued under this subsection 
shall contain—
‘‘(i) the name and likeness of a person 
who was a spouse of a President during the 
President’s period of service; 
‘‘(ii) an inscription of the years during 
which such person was the spouse of a 
President during the President’s period of 
service; and
‘‘(iii) the number indicating the order 
of the period of service in which such Presi-
dent served. 
‘‘(B) COIN REVERSE.—The design on the re-
verse of each coin issued under this subsection 
shall bear—
‘‘(i) images emblematic of the life and 
work of the First Spouse whose image is 
borne on the obverse; and 
‘‘(ii) the inscription ‘United States of 
America’. 
‘‘(C) DESIGNATED
DENOMINATION.—Each 
coin issued under this subsection shall bear, on 
the reverse, an inscription of the nominal de-
nomination of the coin which shall be ‘$10’. 
‘‘(D) DESIGN
IN
CASE
OF
NO
FIRST 
SPOUSE.—In the case of any President who 
served without a spouse—
‘‘(i) the image on the obverse of the 
bullion coin corresponding to the $1 coin re-
lating to such President shall be an image 
emblematic of the concept of ‘Liberty’—
‘‘(I) as represented on a United 
States coin issued during the period of 
service of such President; or
‘‘(II) as represented, in the case of 
President Chester Alan Arthur, by a 
design incorporating the name and 
likeness of Alice Paul, a leading strate-
gist in the suffrage movement, who was 
instrumental in gaining women the 
right to vote upon the adoption of the 
19th amendment and thus participate 
in the election of future Presidents, 
and who was born on January 11, 
1885, during the term of President Ar-
thur; and 
‘‘(ii) the reverse of such bullion coin 
shall be of a design representative of themes 
of such President, except that in the case of 
the bullion coin referred to in clause (i)(II) 
the reverse of such coin shall be representa-
tive of the suffrage movement. 
‘‘(E) 
DESIGN
AND
COIN
FOR
EACH 
SPOUSE.—A separate coin shall be designed and 
issued under this section for each person who 
was the spouse of a President during any por-
tion of a term of office of such President. 
‘‘(F) INSCRIPTIONS.—Each bullion coin 
issued under this subsection shall bear the in-
scription of the year of minting or issuance of 
the coin and such other inscriptions as the Sec-
retary may determine to be appropriate. 
‘‘(4) SALE
OF
BULLION
COINS.—Each bullion 
coin issued under this subsection shall be sold for an 
amount the Secretary of the Treasury determines to 
be appropriate that is equal to or greater than the 
sum of—
‘‘(A) the face value of the coins; and 
‘‘(B) the cost of designing and issuing the 
coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of 
machinery, overhead expenses, marketing, and 
shipping). 
‘‘(5) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING FIRST 
SPOUSES.—
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The bullion coins 
issued under this subsection with respect to any 
spouse of a President shall be issued on the same 
schedule as the $1 coin issued under subsection 
(n) with respect to such President. 
‘‘(B) MAXIMUM NUMBER OF BULLION COINS 
FOR EACH DESIGN.—The Secretary shall—
‘‘(i) prescribe, on the basis of such fac-
tors as the Secretary determines to be ap-
propriate, the maximum number of bullion
coins that shall be issued with each of the 
designs selected under this subsection; and 
‘‘(ii) announce, before the issuance of 
the bullion coins of each such design, the 
maximum number of bullion coins of that 
design that will be issued. 
‘‘(C) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.—No bul-
lion coin may be issued under this subsection 
after the termination, in accordance with sub-
section (n)(6), of the $1 coin program established 
under subsection (n). 
‘‘(6) QUALITY OF COINS.—The bullion coins shall 
be issued in both proof and uncirculated qualities. 
‘‘(7) SOURCE OF GOLD BULLION.—The Secretary 
shall acquire gold for the coins issued under this sub-
section by purchase of gold mined from natural de-
posits in the United States, or in a territory or pos-
session of the United States, within 1 year after the 
month in which the ore from which it is derived was 
mined. The Secretary shall pay not more than the av-
erage world price for the gold. 
‘‘(8) BRONZE
MEDALS.—The Secretary may 
strike and sell bronze medals that bear the likeness of 
the bullion coins authorized under this subsection, at
a price, size, and weight, and with such inscriptions, 
as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 104. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that—
(1) the enactment of this Act will serve to in-
crease the use of $1 coins generally, which will in-
crease the circulation of the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea-de-
sign’’ $1 coins that have been and will continue to be 
minted and issued; 
(2) the continued minting and issuance of the so-
called ‘‘Sacagawea-design’’ $1 coins will serve as a 
lasting tribute to the role of women and Native Amer-
icans in the history of the United States; 
(3) while the American tradition of not issuing 
a coin with the image of a living person has served 
the country well and deserves to be continued as a 
general practice, in a series of coins commemorating 
former Presidents, all former Presidents should be so 
honored notwithstanding such tradition; 
(4) the full circulation potential and cost-savings 
benefit projections for the $1 coins are not likely to 
be achieved unless the coins are delivered in ways use-
ful to ordinary commerce; 
(5) in order for the circulation of $1 coins to 
achieve maximum potential—
(A) the coins should be as attractive as pos-
sible; and 
(B) the Director of the United States Mint 
should take all reasonable steps to ensure that all 
$1 coins minted and issued remain tarnish-free 
for as long as possible without incurring undue 
expense; 
(6) if the Secretary of the Treasury determines 
to include on any $1 coin minted under section 
5112(n) of title 31, United States Code (as added by 
section 102 of this Act) a mark denoting the United 
States Mint facility at which the coin was struck, 
such mark should be edge-incused; 
(7) at such time as the Secretary of Treasury de-
termines to be appropriate, and after consultation 
with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
System and the submission of notice to the Congress, 
the Secretary should declare to be obsolete any circu-
lating $1 coin that bears the design of the $1 coins 
being issued immediately before the issuance of coins 
with the design referred to in section 5112(n)(7) of 
title 31, United States Code; 
(8) in connection with the introduction of the $1 
coins under the Presidential $1 Coin Program—
(A) the coins should not be introduced with 
an overly expensive taxpayer-funded public rela-
tions campaign; and 
(B) the Director of the United States Mint, 
a bureau in the Department of the Treasury, 
should work with consumer groups, media out-
lets, and schools to ensure an adequate amount 
of news coverage about the start of the coin pro-
gram so consumers will know of the availability 
of the coins; 
(9) the Board of Governors of the Federal Re-
serve System and the Secretary of the Treasury 
should take steps to ensure that an adequate supply 
of $1 coins are available for commerce and collectors 
at such places and in such quantities as are appro-
priate by—
(A) meeting, from time to time but no less 
frequently than quarterly, with a coin users 
group that includes representatives of merchants 
who would benefit from the increased usage of $1 
coins, vending machine and other coin acceptor 
manufacturers, vending machine owners and op-
erators, transit officials, municipal parking offi-
cials, depository institutions, coin and currency 
handlers, armored-car operators, car wash opera-
tors, and coin collectors and dealers to accurately 
gauge demand for coins and to anticipate and 
eliminate obstacles to the easy and efficient dis-
tribution and circulation of $1 coins as well as 
all other circulating coins; 
(B) submitting a semiannual report to the 
Congress containing an assessment of the re-
maining obstacles to the efficient and timely cir-
culation of coins, and particularly $1 coins, to-
gether with such recommendations for legislative 
action the Board and the Secretary may deter-
mine to be appropriate; 
(C) consulting with industry representatives 
to encourage operators of vending machines and 
other automated coin-accepting devices in the 
United States to accept coins issued under the 
Presidential $1 Coin Program and the so-called 
‘‘Sacagawea-design’’ $1 coins, and to include no-
tices on the machines and devices of such accept-
ability; 
(D) ensuring that during an introductory 
period, all institutions that want unmixed sup-
plies of each newly-issued design of $1 coins are 
able to obtain such unmixed supplies; and
(E) consulting with representatives of de-
pository institutions and armored-car operators 
to support the availability of $1 coins in pack-
aging of sizes and types appropriate for and use-
ful to ordinary commerce, including rolled coins; 
and 
(10) the Director of the United States Mint 
should take all steps necessary to expand the market-
place for bullion coins, and reduce barriers to the sale 
of bullion coins, by ensuring that—
(A) the greatest number possible of rep-
utable, reliable, and responsible dealers are 
qualified to offer for sale all bullion coins struck 
and issued by the United States Mint; and 
(B) all such dealers and their customers 
have equal and timely access to all new issues of 
such bullion coins. 
TITLE II—ABRAHAM LINCOLN BI-
CENTENNIAL 
1-CENT 
COIN 
REDESIGN 
SEC. 201. FINDINGS. 
The Congress finds as follows: 
(1) Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President, was 
one of the Nation’s greatest leaders, demonstrating
true courage during the Civil War, one of the greatest 
crises in the Nation’s history. 
(2) Born of humble roots in Hardin County 
(present-day LaRue County), Kentucky, on February 
12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln rose to the Presidency 
through a combination of honesty, integrity, intel-
ligence, and commitment to the United States. 
(3) With the belief that all men are created 
equal, Abraham Lincoln led the effort to free all slaves 
in the United States. 
(4) Abraham Lincoln had a generous heart, with 
malice toward none and with charity for all. 
(5) Abraham Lincoln gave the ultimate sacrifice 
for the country he loved, dying from an assassin’s bul-
let on April 15, 1865. 
(6) All Americans could benefit from studying 
the life of Abraham Lincoln, for Lincoln’s life is a 
model for accomplishing the ‘‘American dream’’ 
through honesty, integrity, loyalty, and a lifetime of 
education. 
(7) The year 2009 will be the bicentennial anni-
versary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln. 
(8) Abraham Lincoln was born in Kentucky, 
grew to adulthood in Indiana, achieved fame in Illi-
nois, and led the nation in Washington, D.C.
(9) The so-called ‘‘Lincoln cent’’ was introduced 
in 1909 on the 100th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth, 
making the obverse design the most enduring on the 
nation’s coinage. 
(10) President Theodore Roosevelt was so im-
pressed by the talent of Victor David Brenner that the 
sculptor was chosen to design the likeness of President 
Lincoln for the coin, adapting a design from a plaque 
Brenner had prepared earlier. 
(11) In the nearly 100 years of production of the 
‘‘Lincoln cent’’, there have been only 2 designs on the 
reverse: the original, featuring 2 wheat-heads in me-
morial style enclosing mottoes, and the current rep-
resentation of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, 
D.C. 
(12) On the occasion of the bicentennial of Presi-
dent Lincoln’s birth and the 100th anniversary of the 
production of the Lincoln cent, it is entirely fitting 
to issue a series of 1-cent coins with designs on the 
reverse that are emblematic of the 4 major periods of 
President Lincoln’s life. 
SEC. 202. REDESIGN OF LINCOLN CENT FOR 2009. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—During the year 2009, the Sec-
retary of the Treasury shall issue 1-cent coins in accordance 
with the following design specifications:
(1) OBVERSE.—The obverse of the 1-cent coin 
shall continue to bear the Victor David Brenner like-
ness of President Abraham Lincoln. 
(2) REVERSE.—The reverse of the coins shall 
bear 4 different designs each representing a different 
aspect of the life of Abraham Lincoln, such as—
(A) his birth and early childhood in Ken-
tucky; 
(B) his formative years in Indiana; 
(C) his professional life in Illinois; and 
(D) his presidency, in Washington, D.C. 
(b) ISSUANCE OF REDESIGNED LINCOLN CENTS IN 
2009.—
(1) ORDER.—The 1-cent coins to which this sec-
tion applies shall be issued with 1 of the 4 designs re-
ferred to in subsection (a)(2) beginning at the start 
of each calendar quarter of 2009. 
(2) NUMBER.—The Secretary shall prescribe, on 
the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines 
to be appropriate, the number of 1-cent coins that 
shall be issued with each of the designs selected for 
each calendar quarter of 2009. 
(c) DESIGN SELECTION.—The designs for the coins 
specified in this section shall be chosen by the Secretary—
(1) after consultation with the Abraham Lincoln 
Bicentennial Commission and the Commission of 
Fine Arts; and 
(2) after review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory 
Committee. 
SEC. 203. REDESIGN OF REVERSE OF 1-CENT COINS AFTER 
2009. 
The design on the reverse of the 1-cent coins issued 
after December 31, 2009, shall bear an image emblematic 
of President Lincoln’s preservation of the United States of 
America as a single and united country. 
SEC. 204. NUMISMATIC PENNIES WITH THE SAME METALLIC 
CONTENT AS THE 1909 PENNY. 
The Secretary of the Treasury shall issue 1-cent coins 
in 2009 with the exact metallic content as the 1-cent coin 
contained in 1909 in such number as the Secretary deter-
mines to be appropriate for numismatic purposes 
SEC. 205. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that the original Victor 
David Brenner design for the 1-cent coin was a dramatic 
departure from previous American coinage that should be 
reproduced, using the original form and relief of the likeness 
of Abraham Lincoln, on the 1-cent coins issued in 2009.
Amend the title so as to read: ‘‘A bill to improve cir-
culation of the $1 coin, create a new bullion coin, provide 
for the redesign of the reverse of the Lincoln 1-cent coin
in 2009 in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of 
the birth of President Abraham Lincoln, and for other 
purposes.’’.
Union Calendar No. 20
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 902
[Report No. 109–39] 
A BILL 
To improve circulation of the $1 coin, create a new 
bullion coin, and for other purposes. 
APRIL 13, 2005
Reported with amendments, committed to the Committee 
of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and or-
dered to be printed