able grounds to believe a U.S. federal 
criminal law has been violated by a United 
Nations Entity or one of its employees, 
contractors, or representatives. 
(ii) 
The 
Inspector 
General 
shall 
promptly report, when appropriate, to the 
Secretary General or the head of the ap-
propriate United Nations Entity cases 
where the Inspector General reasonably be-
lieves that mismanagement, misfeasance, 
or malfeasance is likely to have taken place 
within a United Nations Entity and dis-
ciplinary proceedings are likely justified. 
(7) PERSONNEL, FACILITIES, AND OTHER RE-
SOURCES.— 
(A) The Inspector General may select, ap-
point, and employ such officers and employees 
as may be necessary for carrying out the duties 
of the Inspector General. 
(B) The Inspector General may obtain 
services as authorized by section 3109 of title 
5, United States Code, at daily rates not to ex-
ceed the equivalent rate prescribed for grade 
GS–15 of the General Schedule by section 5332 
of such title. 
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(C) The Inspector General may lease, pur-
chase, or otherwise acquire, improve, and use 
such real property wherever situated, as may be 
necessary for carrying out this section. 
(D) To the extent and in such amounts as 
may be provided in advance by appropriations 
Acts, the Inspector General my enter into con-
tracts and other arrangements for audits, stud-
ies, analyses, and other services with public 
agencies and with private persons, and make 
such payments as may be necessary to carry 
out the duties of the Inspector General. 
(E) Upon request by the Inspector Gen-
eral, the head of an agency may detail any em-
ployee of such agency to the Office of the 
United States Inspector General for Contribu-
tions to the United Nations System on a reim-
bursable basis. Any employee so detailed re-
mains, for the purpose of preserving such em-
ployee’s allowances, privileges, rights, seniority, 
and other benefits, an employee of the agency 
from which detailed. 
(8) COOPERATION BY UNITED STATES GOVERN-
MENT ENTITIES.— 
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(A) In carrying out the duties, responsibil-
ities, and authorities of the Inspector General 
under this section, the Inspector General shall 
receive the cooperation of inspectors general of 
other Federal Government agencies. 
(B) Upon request of the Inspector General 
for information or assistance from any depart-
ment, agency, or other entity of the Federal 
Government, the head of such entity shall, inso-
far as is practicable and not in contravention of 
any existing law, furnish such information or 
assistance to the Inspector General, or an au-
thorized designee. 
(C) Whenever information or assistance re-
quested by the Inspector General is, in the 
judgment of the Inspector General, unreason-
ably refused or not provided, the Inspector Gen-
eral shall report the circumstances to the Board 
of Directors and to the Appropriate Congres-
sional Committees without delay. 
(9) CONFIRMATION
OF
TRANSPARENCY
BY 
UNITED NATIONS ENTITIES.— 
(A) PROMPT NOTICE BY INSPECTOR GEN-
ERAL.—Whenever information or assistance re-
quested from a United Nations Entity by the 
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Inspector General pursuant to a Transparency 
Certification is, in the opinion of the Inspector 
General, unreasonably refused or not provided 
in a timely manner, the Inspector General shall 
notify the Board of Directors, the head of that 
particular United Nations Entity, and the Sec-
retary General of the circumstances in writing, 
without delay. 
(B) NOTICE
OF
COMPLIANCE.—If and 
when the information or assistance being 
sought by the Inspector General in connection 
with a notification pursuant to paragraph (A) is 
provided to the satisfaction of the Inspector 
General, the Inspector General shall so notify in 
writing the United Nations Entity, the Board 
of Directors, and the Appropriate Congressional 
Committees. 
(C) NONCOMPLIANCE.—If the information 
or assistance being sought by the Inspector 
General in connection with a notification pursu-
ant to paragraph (A) is not provided to the sat-
isfaction of the Inspector General within 90 
days of that notification, then the United Na-
tions Entity that is the subject of the notifica-
tion is deemed to be noncompliant with its 
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Transparency Certification, and the Inspector 
General shall provide prompt, written notifica-
tion of that fact to the Board of Directors, Ap-
propriate Congressional Committees, the head 
of that United Nations Entity, the Secretary 
General, and any office or agency of the Fed-
eral Government that has provided that United 
Nations Entity with any United States Con-
tribution during the prior 2 years. 
(D) RESTORATION
OF
COMPLIANCE.— 
After the situation has been resolved to the sat-
isfaction of the Board of Directors, a finding of 
Transparency Certification noncompliance pur-
suant to paragraph (B) may be reversed by an 
affirmative vote of at least 5 of the 7 members 
of the Board of Directors. The Board shall 
promptly provide notification of such restora-
tion, along with a description of the basis for 
the Board’s decision, to the Inspector General, 
Appropriate Congressional Committees, the 
head of the affected United Nations Entity, the 
Secretary General, and the head of any office or 
agency of the Federal Government that has 
provided that United Nations Entity with any 
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United States Contribution during the prior 2 
years. 
(E) COST REIMBURSEMENT.—The Inspec-
tor General may reimburse United Nations En-
tities for the reasonable cost of providing to the 
Inspector General information or assistance 
sought pursuant to a Transparency Certifi-
cation for the purpose of performing the duties 
described in paragraph (6). 
(10) REPORTS.— 
(A) 
AUDIT
AND
INVESTIGATION
RE-
PORTS.—Promptly upon completion, the Inspec-
tor General shall provide copies of each audit 
and investigation report completed pursuant to 
paragraph (6) to the Board of Directors, the 
Appropriate Congressional Committees, and, to 
the extent permissible under United States law, 
the head of each United Nations Entity that is 
the subject of that particular report. 
(B) SEMIANNUAL
REPORTS.—Not later 
than May 30, 2008, and semiannually there-
after, the Inspector General shall submit to the 
Appropriate Congressional Committees a report 
that, among other things— 
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(i) meets the requirements of section 
5 of the Inspector General Act of 1978; 
and 
(ii) includes a list of and detailed de-
scription of the circumstances surrounding 
any notification of noncompliance issued 
pursuant to paragraph 9(C) during the 
covered timeframe, and whether and when 
Board of Directors has reversed such find-
ing of noncompliance. 
(C) PROHIBITED DISCLOSURES.—Nothing 
in this subsection shall be construed to author-
ize the public disclosure of information that 
is— 
(i) specifically prohibited from disclo-
sure by any other provision of law; 
(ii) specifically required by Executive 
order to be protected from disclosure in 
the interest of national defense or national 
security or in the conduct of foreign af-
fairs; or 
(iii) a part of an ongoing criminal in-
vestigation. 
(D) PRIVACY PROTECTIONS.—The Inspec-
tor General shall exempt from public disclosure 
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information received from a United Nations 
Entity or developed during an audit or inves-
tigation that the Inspector General believes— 
(i) constitutes a trade secret or privi-
leged and confidential personal financial 
information; 
(ii) accuses a particular person of a 
crime; 
(iii) would, if publicly disclosed, con-
stitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of 
personal privacy; and 
(iv) would compromise an ongoing law 
enforcement investigation or judicial trial 
in the United States. 
(E) PUBLICATION.—Subject only to the 
exceptions detailed in paragraphs (C) and (D), 
the Inspector General shall promptly publish 
each report under this subsection on a publicly 
available and searchable Internet website. 
(d) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.— 
(1) 
ESTABLISHMENT.—The 
Office 
of 
the 
United States Inspector General for Contributions to 
the United Nations System shall have a Board of 
Directors. 
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(2) DUTIES.—The Board shall receive informa-
tion and reports of audits and investigations from 
the Office and the Inspector General, provide gen-
eral direction and supervision to the Office and the 
Inspector General, and determine the restoration of 
compliance by any United Nations Entity with its 
Transparency Certification pursuant to paragraph 
9(d). 
(3) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall consist of 
the Secretary of State (or the Secretary’s designee), 
the Secretary of Labor (or the Secretary’s designee), 
the Secretary of Agriculture (or the Secretary’s des-
ignee), the Secretary of Defense (or the Secretary’s 
designee), the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency (or the Administrator’s designee), 
the Secretary of the Treasury (or the Secretary’s 
designee), and the Director of the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget (or the Director’s designee). 
(4) CHAIRMANSHIP.—The Board shall be 
chaired by a board member, and the chairmanship 
shall rotate among the member departments and 
agencies on an annual basis. The first chair shall be 
the Director or designee from the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget. 
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SEC. 204. TRANSPARENCY FOR UNITED STATES CONTRIBU-
TIONS. 
(a) 
FUNDING
PREREQUISITES.—Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, no funds made available for 
use as a United States Contribution to any United Na-
tions Entity may be obligated or expended if— 
(1) the intended United Nations Entity recipi-
ent has not provided to the Inspector General within 
the preceding year a Transparency Certification as 
defined in section 202(4); or 
(2) the intended United Nations Entity recipi-
ent is noncompliant with its Transparency Certifi-
cation as described in section 203(c)(9)(C). 
(b) TREATMENT OF FUNDS WITHHELD FOR NON-
COMPLIANCE.—At the conclusion of each fiscal year, any 
funds that had been appropriated for use as a United 
States Contribution to a United Nations Entity during 
that fiscal year, but could not be obligated or expended 
because of the restrictions of paragraph 1, shall be re-
turned to the United States Treasury, and are not subject 
to reprogramming for any other use. Any such funds re-
turned to the Treasury shall not be considered arrears to 
be repaid to any United Nations Entity. 
(c) PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.—The President may 
waive the limitations of this subsection with respect to a 
particular United States Contribution to a particular 
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United Nations Entity within a single fiscal year if the 
President determines that it is required by the national 
security interests of the United States and provides notifi-
cation and explanation of that determination to the Appro-
priate Congressional Committees. 
SEC. 205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out the activities of this title, 
provided that such sums be not less than one half of 1 
percent of the total amount of all assessed and voluntary 
contributions of the United States Government to the 
United Nations and United Nations affiliated agencies 
and related bodies during the prior fiscal year, as identi-
fied pursuant to section 1225(b)(3)(E) of the John War-
ner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2007 (Public Law 109–364). 
TITLE III—UNITED STATES POL-
ICY AT THE UNITED NATIONS 
SEC. 301. ANNUAL PUBLICATION. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to ensure the United Nations publishes 
annually, including on a publicly searchable internet 
website, a list of all UN subsidiary bodies and their func-
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tions, budgets, staff, and contributions, both voluntary 
and assessed, sorted by donor. 
SEC. 302. ANNUAL FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to implement a system for the required 
filing of individual annual financial disclosure forms by 
each employee of the United Nations and its specialized 
agencies, programs, and funds at the P–5 level and above, 
which shall be made available to the Office of Internal 
Oversight Services and, upon request, to Member States 
and their publics. 
SEC. 303. POLICY WITH RESPECT TO EXPANSION OF THE 
SECURITY COUNCIL. 
It shall be the policy of the United States to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to oppose any proposals on expansion of 
the Security Council if such expansion would— 
(1) diminish the influence of the United States 
on the Security Council; 
(2) include veto rights for any new members of 
the Security Council; or 
(3) undermine the effectiveness of the Security 
Council. 
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SEC. 304. ACCESS TO REPORTS AND AUDITS. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to ensure that Member States may, upon 
request, have access to all reports and audits completed 
by the Board of External Auditors. 
SEC. 305. WAIVER OF IMMUNITY. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to ensure that the Secretary General exer-
cises the right and duty of the Secretary General under 
section 20 of the Convention on the Privileges and Immu-
nities of the United Nations to waive the immunity of any 
United Nations official in any case in which such immu-
nity would impede the course of justice. In exercising such 
waiver, the Secretary General is urged to interpret the in-
terests of the United Nations as favoring the investigation 
or prosecution of a United Nations official who is credibly 
under investigation for having committed a serious crimi-
nal offense or who is credibly charged with a serious crimi-
nal offense. 
SEC. 306. TERRORISM AND THE UNITED NATIONS. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
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voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to work toward adoption by the general 
assembly of— 
(1) a definition of terrorism that builds upon 
the recommendations of the December 2004 report 
of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges, and 
Change, and includes as an essential component of 
such definition any action that is intended to cause 
death or serious bodily harm to civilians with the 
purpose of intimidating a population or compelling a 
government or an international organization to do, 
or abstain from doing, any act; and 
(2) a comprehensive convention on terrorism 
that includes the definition described in paragraph 
(1). 
SEC. 307. REPORT ON UNITED NATIONS REFORM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually for each 
of the next 3 years, the Secretary shall submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report on United 
Nations reform. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report required under para-
graph (a) shall describe— 
(1) progress toward the goal of shifting the 
funding for the United Nations Regular Budget to 
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a voluntary basis as identified in section 102 above, 
and a detailed description of efforts and activities by 
United States diplomats and officials toward that 
end; 
(2) progress toward each of the policy goals 
identified in the prior sections of this Title, and a 
detailed, goal-specific description of efforts and ac-
tivities by United States diplomats and officials to-
ward those ends; 
(3) the status of the implementation of manage-
ment reforms within the United Nations and its spe-
cialized agencies; 
(4) the number of outputs, reports, or other 
mandates generated by General Assembly resolutions 
that have been eliminated; 
(5) the progress of the General Assembly to 
modernize and streamline the committee structure 
and its specific recommendations on oversight and 
committee outputs, consistent with the March 2005 
report of the Secretary General entitled ‘‘In larger 
freedom: towards development, security and human 
rights for all’’; 
(6) the status of the review by the General As-
sembly of all mandates older than 5 years and how 
resources have been redirected to new challenges, 
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consistent with such March 2005 report of the Sec-
retary General; 
(7) the continued utility and relevance of the 
Economic and Financial Committee and the Social, 
Humanitarian, and Cultural Committee, in light of 
the duplicative agendas of those committees and the 
Economic and Social Council; and 
(8) whether the United Nations or any of its 
specialized agencies has contracted with any party 
included on the Lists of Parties Excluded from Fed-
eral Procurement and Nonprocurement Programs. 
SEC. 308. REPORT ON UNITED NATIONS PERSONNEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report— 
(1) concerning the progress of the General As-
sembly to modernize human resource practices, con-
sistent with the March 2005 report of the Secretary 
General entitled ‘‘In larger freedom: towards devel-
opment, security and human rights for all’’; and 
(2) containing the information described in sub-
section (b). 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report shall include— 
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(1) a comprehensive evaluation of human re-
sources reforms at the United Nations, including an 
evaluation of— 
(A) tenure; 
(B) performance reviews; 
(C) the promotion system; 
(D) a merit-based hiring system and en-
hanced regulations concerning termination of 
employment of employees; and 
(E) the implementation of a code of con-
duct and ethics training; 
(2) the implementation of a system of proce-
dures for filing complaints and protective measures 
for work-place harassment, including sexual harass-
ment; 
(3) policy recommendations relating to the es-
tablishment of a rotation requirement for non-
administrative positions; 
(4) policy recommendations relating to the es-
tablishment of a prohibition preventing personnel 
and officials assigned to the mission of a Member 
State to the United Nations from transferring to a 
position within the United Nations Secretariat that 
is compensated at the P–5 level and above; 
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(5) policy recommendations relating to a reduc-
tion in travel allowances and attendant oversight 
with respect to accommodations and airline flights; 
and 
(6) an evaluation of the recommendations of the 
Secretary General relating to greater flexibility for 
the Secretary General in staffing decisions to accom-
modate changing priorities. 
SEC. 309. LIMITATIONS ON UNITED STATES CONTRIBU-
TIONS TO UNRWA. 
The Secretary of State may not contribute annually 
to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Pal-
estine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) in an 
amount— 
(1) greater than the highest annual contribu-
tion to UNRWA made by a member country of the 
League of Arab States; 
(2) that, as a proportion of the total UNRWA 
budget, exceeds the proportion of the total budget 
for the United Nations High Commissioner for Ref-
ugees (UNHCR) paid by the United States; or 
(3) that exceeds 22 percent of the total budget 
of UNRWA. 
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SEC. 310. UNITED NATIONS TREATY BODIES. 
The United States shall withhold from United States 
contributions to the regular assessed budget of the United 
Nations for a biennial period amounts that are propor-
tional to the percentage of such budget that are expended 
with respect to a United Nations human rights treaty 
monitoring body or committee that was established by— 
(1) a convention (without any protocols) or an 
international covenant (without any protocols) to 
which the United States is not party; or 
(2) a convention, with a subsequent protocol, if 
the United States is a party to neither. 
SEC. 311. EQUALITY AT THE UNITED NATIONS. 
(a) DEPARTMENT
OF STATE REVIEW
AND RE-
PORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—To avoid duplicative efforts 
and funding with respect to Palestinian interests 
and to ensure balance in the approach to Israeli-Pal-
estinian issues, the Secretary shall, not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act— 
(A) complete an audit of the functions of 
the entities listed in paragraph (2); and 
(B) submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report containing audit 
findings and conclusions, and recommendations 
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for the elimination of such duplicative entities 
and efforts. 
(2) ENTITIES.—The entities referred to in 
paragraph (1) are the following: 
(A) The United Nations Division for Pales-
tinian Rights. 
(B) The Committee on the Exercise of the 
Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. 
(C) The United Nations Special Coordi-
nator for the Middle East Peace Process and 
Personal Representative to the Palestine Lib-
eration Organization and the Palestinian Au-
thority. 
(D) The NGO Network on the Question of 
Palestine. 
(E) The Special Committee to Investigate 
Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of 
the Palestinian People and Other Arabs of the 
Occupied Territories. 
(F) Any other entity the Secretary deter-
mines results in duplicative efforts or funding 
or fails to ensure balance in the approach to 
Israeli-Palestinian issues. 
(b) IMPLEMENTATION BY PERMANENT REPRESENTA-
TIVE.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall direct 
the United States Permanent Representative to the 
United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence 
of the United States at the United Nations to seek 
the implementation of the recommendations con-
tained in the report required under subsection 
(b)(1). 
(2) WITHHOLDING OF FUNDS.—Until such rec-
ommendations have been implemented, the United 
States shall withhold from United States contribu-
tions to the regular assessed budget of the United 
Nations for a biennial period amounts that are pro-
portional to the percentage of such budget that are 
expended for such entities. 
(c) GAO AUDIT.—The Comptroller General of the 
United States of the Government Accountability Office 
shall conduct an audit of— 
(1) the status of the implementation of the rec-
ommendations contained in the report required 
under subsection (b)(1); and 
(2) United States actions and achievements 
under subsection (c). 
SEC. 312. ANTI-SEMITISM AND THE UNITED NATIONS. 
The President shall direct the United States perma-
nent representative to the United Nations to use the voice, 
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vote, and influence of the United States at the United Na-
tions to make every effort to— 
(1) ensure the issuance and implementation of 
a directive by the Secretary General or the Secre-
tariat, as appropriate, that— 
(A) requires all employees of the United 
Nations and its specialized agencies to officially 
and publicly condemn anti-Semitic statements 
made at any session of the United Nations or 
its specialized agencies, or at any other session 
sponsored by the United Nations; 
(B) requires employees of the United Na-
tions and its specialized agencies, programs, 
and funds to be subject to punitive action, in-
cluding immediate dismissal, for making anti- 
Semitic statements or references; 
(C) proposes specific recommendations to 
the General Assembly for the establishment of 
mechanisms to hold accountable employees and 
officials of the United Nations and its special-
ized agencies, programs, and funds, or Member 
States, that make such anti-Semitic statements 
or references in any forum of the United Na-
tions or of its specialized agencies; 
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(D) continues to develop and implements 
education awareness programs about the Holo-
caust and anti-Semitism throughout the world, 
as part of an effort to combat intolerance and 
hatred; and 
(E) requires the Office of the United Na-
tions High Commissioner for Human Rights 
(OHCHR) to develop programming and other 
measures that address anti-Semitism; 
(2) secure the adoption of a resolution by the 
General Assembly that establishes the mechanisms 
described in paragraph (1)(C); and 
(3) continue working toward further reduction 
of anti-Semitic language and anti-Israel resolutions 
in the United Nations and its specialized agencies, 
programs, and funds. 
SEC. 313. REGIONAL GROUP INCLUSION OF ISRAEL. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the 
United Nations to expand the Western European and Oth-
ers Group (WEOG) in the United Nations to include 
Israel as a permanent member with full rights and privi-
leges. 
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TITLE IV—UNITED NATIONS 
HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL 
SEC. 401. FINDINGS. 
The Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) The United Nations Human Rights Council, 
established in 2006 to replace the problematic UN 
Human Rights Commission, has failed to meaning-
fully promote the protection of internationally recog-
nized human rights during its first year of oper-
ation. 
(2) The UN Human Rights Council suffers 
from significant structural flaws, such as the fact 
that it draws its members from the General Assem-
bly without any substantive membership criteria, 
with the perverse result that a number of the world’s 
worst human rights abusers are members of the 
council. 
(3) The structure and composition of the UN 
Human Rights Council has made it subject to gross 
political manipulation, with the result that, during 
its first year of operation, the Council passed 9 reso-
lutions censuring the democratic state of Israel, 
while failing to condemn any severe, ongoing human 
rights abuses, such as in Sudan, North Korea, 
China, Cuba, Zimbabwe, Belarus, or elsewhere. 
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SEC. 402. HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL MEMBERSHIP AND 
FUNDING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—For each and every fiscal year 
subsequent to the effective date of this Act, until the Sec-
retary of State submits to Congress a certification that 
the requirements described in subsection (b) have been 
satisfied— 
(1) the Secretary of State shall withhold from 
a United States contribution each fiscal year to a 
regularly assessed biennial budget of the United Na-
tions an amount that is equal to the percentage of 
such contribution that the Secretary determines 
would be allocated by the United Nations to support 
the United Nations Human Rights Council; 
(2) the Secretary of State shall not make a vol-
untary contribution to the United Nations Human 
Rights Council; and 
(3) the United States shall not run for a seat 
on the United Nations Human Rights Council. 
(b) CERTIFICATION.—The annual certification re-
ferred to in subsection (a) is a certification made by the 
Secretary to Congress that the United Nations Human 
Rights Council does not include a Member State— 
(1) subject to sanctions by the Security Council; 
(2) under a Security Council-mandated inves-
tigation for human rights abuses; 
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(3) subject, within the prior 5 years, to a coun-
try-specific resolution passed under Agenda Item 9 
by the former UN Human Rights Commission; 
(4) which the Secretary of State has deter-
mined, for purposes of section 6(j) of the Export Ad-
ministration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect pur-
suant to the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act), section 40 of the Arms Export Control 
Act, section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961, or other provision of law, is a government that 
has repeatedly provided support for acts of inter-
national terrorism; or 
(5) which the President has designated as a 
country of particular concern for religious freedom 
under section 402(b) of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998. 
TITLE V—INTERNATIONAL 
ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY 
SEC. 501. INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. 
(a) ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE.— 
(1) OFFICE OF COMPLIANCE.— 
(A) 
ESTABLISHMENT.—The 
President 
shall direct the United States Permanent Rep-
resentative to International Atomic Energy 
Agency (IAEA) to use the voice, vote, and influ-
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ence of the United States at the IAEA to estab-
lish an Office of Compliance in the Secretariat 
of the IAEA. 
(B) OPERATION.—The Office of Compli-
ance shall— 
(i) function as an independent body 
composed of technical experts who shall 
work in consultation with IAEA inspectors 
to assess compliance by IAEA Member 
States and provide recommendations to the 
IAEA Board of Governors concerning pen-
alties to be imposed on IAEA Member 
States that fail to fulfill their obligations 
under IAEA Board resolutions; 
(ii) base its assessments and rec-
ommendations on IAEA inspection reports; 
and 
(iii) shall take into consideration in-
formation provided by IAEA Board Mem-
bers that are 1 of the 5 nuclear weapons 
states as recognized by the Treaty on the 
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (21 
UST 483) (commonly referred to as the 
‘‘Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty’’ or the 
‘‘NPT’’). 
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(C) STAFFING.—The Office of Compliance 
shall be staffed from existing personnel in the 
Department of Safeguards of the IAEA or the 
Department of Nuclear Safety and Security of 
the IAEA. 
(2) 
COMMITTEE
ON
SAFEGUARDS
AND 
VERIFICATION.—The President shall direct the 
United States Permanent Representative to the 
IAEA to use the voice, vote, and influence of the 
United States at the IAEA to ensure that the Com-
mittee on Safeguards and Verification established in 
2005 shall develop and seek to put into force a 
workplan of concrete measures that will— 
(A) improve the ability of the IAEA to 
monitor and enforce compliance by Member 
States of the IAEA with the Nuclear Non-
proliferation Treaty and the Statute of the 
International Atomic Energy Agency; and 
(B) enhance the ability of the IAEA, be-
yond the verification mechanisms and authori-
ties contained in the Additional Protocol to the 
Safeguards Agreements between the IAEA and 
Member States of the IAEA, to detect with a 
high degree of confidence undeclared nuclear 
activities by a Member State. 
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(3) PENALTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE IAEA.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The President shall di-
rect the United States Permanent Representa-
tive to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, and in-
fluence of the United States at the IAEA to en-
sure that a Member State of the IAEA that is 
under investigation for a breach of or non-
compliance with its IAEA obligations or the 
purposes and principles of the Charter of the 
United Nations has its privileges suspended, in-
cluding— 
(i) limiting its ability to vote on its 
case; 
(ii) being prevented from receiving 
any technical assistance; and 
(iii) being prevented from hosting 
meetings. 
(B) TERMINATION
OF
PENALTIES.—The 
penalties specified under subparagraph (A) 
shall be terminated when such investigation is 
concluded and such Member State is no longer 
in such breach or noncompliance. 
(4) PENALTIES
WITH
RESPECT
TO
THE
NU-
CLEAR
NONPROLIFERATION
TREATY.—The Presi-
dent shall direct the United States Permanent Rep-
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resentative to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, and 
influence of the United States at the IAEA to en-
sure that a Member State of the IAEA that is found 
to be in breach of, in noncompliance with, or has 
withdrawn from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty 
shall return to the IAEA all nuclear materials and 
technology received from the IAEA, any Member 
State of the IAEA, or any Member State of the Nu-
clear Nonproliferation Treaty. 
(b) UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS.— 
(1) VOLUNTARY
CONTRIBUTIONS.—Voluntary 
contributions of the United States to the IAEA 
should primarily be used to fund activities relating 
to Nuclear Safety and Security or activities relating 
to Nuclear Verification. 
(2) LIMITATION
ON
USE
OF
FUNDS.—The 
President shall direct the United States Permanent 
Representative to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, 
and influence of the United States at the IAEA to— 
(A) ensure that funds for safeguards in-
spections are prioritized for countries that have 
newly established nuclear programs or are initi-
ating nuclear programs; and 
(B) block the allocation of funds for any 
other IAEA development, environmental, or nu-
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clear science assistance or activity to a coun-
try— 
(i) the government of which the Sec-
retary of State has determined, for pur-
poses of section 6(j) of the Export Admin-
istration Act of 1979, section 620A of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40 
of the Arms Export Control Act, or other 
provision of law, is a government that has 
repeatedly provided support for acts of 
international terrorism and the government 
of which the Secretary has determined has 
not dismantled and surrendered its weap-
ons of mass destruction programs under 
international verification; 
(ii) that is under investigation for a 
breach of or noncompliance with its IAEA 
obligations or the purposes and principles 
of the Charter of the United Nations; or 
(iii) that is in violation of its IAEA 
obligations or the purposes and principles 
of the Charter of the United Nations. 
(3) DETAIL
OF
EXPENDITURES.—The Presi-
dent shall direct the United States Permanent Rep-
resentative to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, and 
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influence of the United States at the IAEA to se-
cure, as part of the regular budget presentation of 
the IAEA to Member States of the IAEA, a detailed 
breakdown by country of expenditures of the IAEA 
for safeguards inspections and nuclear security ac-
tivities. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall direct 
the United States Permanent Representative to the 
IAEA to use the voice, vote, and influence of the 
United States at the IAEA to block the membership 
on the Board of Governors of the IAEA for a Mem-
ber State of the IAEA that has not signed and rati-
fied the Additional Protocol and— 
(A) is under investigation for a breach of 
or noncompliance with its IAEA obligations or 
the purposes and principles of the Charter of 
the United Nations; or 
(B) that is in violation of its IAEA obliga-
tions or the purposes and principles of the 
Charter of the United Nations. 
(2) CRITERIA.—The United States Permanent 
Representative to the IAEA shall make every effort 
to modify the criteria for Board membership to re-
flect the principles described in paragraph (1). 
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(d) SMALL QUANTITIES PROTOCOL.—The President 
shall direct the United States Permanent Representative 
to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, and influence of the 
United States at the IAEA to make every effort to ensure 
that the IAEA changes the policy regarding the Small 
Quantities Protocol in order to— 
(1) rescind and eliminate the Small Quantities 
Protocol; 
(2) require that any IAEA Member State that 
has previously signed a Small Quantities Protocol to 
sign, ratify, and implement the Additional Protocol, 
provide immediate access for IAEA inspectors to its 
nuclear-related facilities, and agree to the strongest 
inspections regime of its nuclear efforts; and 
(3) require that any IAEA Member State that 
does not comply with paragraph (2) to be ineligible 
to receive nuclear material, technology, equipment, 
or assistance from any IAEA Member State and 
subject to the penalties described in subsection 
(a)(3). 
(e) NUCLEAR PROGRAM OF IRAN.— 
(1) UNITED
STATES
ACTION.—The President 
shall direct the United States Permanent Represent-
ative to the IAEA to use the voice, vote, and influ-
ence of the United States at the IAEA to make 
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every effort to ensure the adoption of a resolution by 
the IAEA Board of Governors that, in addition to 
the restrictions already imposed, makes Iran ineli-
gible to receive any nuclear material, technology, 
equipment, or assistance from any IAEA Member 
State and ineligible for any IAEA assistance not re-
lated to safeguards inspections or nuclear security 
until the IAEA Board of Governors determines that 
Iran— 
(A) is providing full access to IAEA in-
spectors to its nuclear-related facilities; 
(B) has fully implemented and is in com-
pliance with the Additional Protocol; and 
(C) has permanently ceased and disman-
tled all activities and programs related to nu-
clear-enrichment and reprocessing. 
(2) PENALTIES.—If an IAEA Member State is 
determined to have violated the prohibition on as-
sistance to Iran described in paragraph (1) before 
the IAEA Board of Governors determines that Iran 
has satisfied the conditions described in subpara-
graphs (A) through (C) of such paragraph, such 
Member State shall be subject to the penalties de-
scribed in subsection (a)(3), shall be ineligible to re-
ceive nuclear material, technology, equipment, or as-
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sistance from any IAEA Member State, and shall be 
ineligible to receive any IAEA assistance not related 
to safeguards inspections or nuclear security until 
such time as the IAEA Board of Governors makes 
such determination with respect to Iran. 
(f) REPORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and annually for 2 years 
thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the implementation 
of this section. 
SEC. 502. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE NUCLEAR 
SECURITY ACTION PLAN OF THE IAEA. 
It is the sense of Congress that the national security 
interests of the United States are enhanced by the Nuclear 
Security Action Plan of the IAEA and the Board of Gov-
ernors should recommend, and the General Conference 
should adopt, a resolution incorporating the Nuclear Secu-
rity Action Plan into the regular budget of the IAEA. 
TITLE VI—PEACEKEEPING 
SEC. 601. REFORM OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING 
OPERATIONS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) although United Nations peacekeeping oper-
ations have contributed greatly toward the pro-
motion of peace and stability for nearly 6 decades 
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and the majority of peacekeeping personnel who 
have served under the United Nations flag have 
done so with honor and courage, the record of 
United Nations peacekeeping has been severely tar-
nished by operational failures and unconscionable 
acts of misconduct; 
(2) in response to such failures, in 2000 and 
2005, respectively, the Secretary General charged 
the high-level Panel on United Nations Peace Oper-
ations, led by former Foreign Minister of Algeria 
Lakhdar Brahimi, and his Special Advisor on the 
Prevention of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, His 
Royal Highness Prince Zeid Ra’ad Zeid Al-Hussein 
of Jordan, to provide honest assessments of the 
United Nations’ shortcomings and make rec-
ommendations that would help restore the con-
fidence of the international community in United 
Nations peacekeeping operations; 
(3) despite the fact that the United Nations has 
had nearly 7 years to implement the reforms con-
tained in the Brahimi Report and more than 2 years 
to implement the reforms in the Zeid Report, and 
the fact that both the former Secretary-General Kofi 
Annan and the Special Committee on Peacekeeping 
Operations repeatedly have expressed their commit-
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ment ‘‘to implementing fundamental, systematic 
changes as a matter of urgency,’’ a number of crit-
ical reforms continue to be blocked or delayed by 
Members States who arguably benefit from mainte-
nance of the status quo; and 
(4) if the reputation of and confidence in 
United Nations peacekeeping operations is to be re-
stored, fundamental and far-reaching reforms, par-
ticularly in the areas of planning, management, 
training, conduct, and discipline, must be imple-
mented without further delay. 
SEC. 602. POLICY RELATING TO REFORM OF UNITED NA-
TIONS PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. 
It shall be the policy of the United States to pursue 
reform of United Nations peacekeeping operations in the 
following areas: 
(1) PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT.— 
(A) GLOBAL
AUDIT.—As the size, cost, 
and number of United Nations peacekeeping 
operations have increased substantially over the 
past decade, an independent audit of each such 
operation, with a view toward ‘‘right-sizing’’ op-
erations and ensuring that such operations are 
cost effective, should be conducted and its find-
ings reported to the Security Council. 
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(B) REVIEW OF MANDATES AND CLOSING 
OPERATIONS.—In conjunction with the audit 
described in subparagraph (A), the United Na-
tions Department of Peacekeeping Operations 
should conduct a comprehensive review of all 
United Nations peacekeeping operation man-
dates, with a view toward identifying objectives 
that are practical and achievable, and report its 
findings to the Security Council. In particular, 
the review should consider the following: 
(i) Except in extraordinary cases, in-
cluding genocide, the United Nations De-
partment 
of 
Peacekeeping 
Operations 
should not be tasked with activities that 
are impractical or unachievable without the 
cooperation 
of 
the 
Member 
State(s) 
hosting a United Nations peacekeeping op-
eration, or which amount to de-facto 
Trusteeship outside of the procedures es-
tablished for such under Chapter XII of 
the UN Charter, thereby creating unreal-
istic expectations and obfuscating the pri-
mary responsibility of the Member States 
themselves in creating and maintaining 
conditions for peace. 
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(ii) Long-standing operations that are 
static and cannot fulfill their mandate 
should be downsized or closed. 
(iii) Where there is legitimate concern 
that the withdrawal from a country of an 
otherwise static United Nations peace-
keeping operation would result in the re-
sumption of major conflict, a burden-shar-
ing arrangement that reduces the level of 
assessed contributions, similar to that cur-
rently supporting the United Nations 
Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus, should be 
explored and instituted. 
(C) LEADERSHIP.—As peacekeeping oper-
ations become larger and increasingly complex, 
the Secretariat should adopt a minimum stand-
ard of qualifications for senior leaders and 
managers, with particular emphasis on specific 
skills and experience, and current senior leaders 
and managers who do not meet those standards 
should be removed. 
(D) PRE-DEPLOYMENT
TRAINING.—Pre- 
deployment training on interpretation of the 
mandate of the operation, specifically in the 
areas of use of force, civilian protection and 
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field conditions, the Code of Conduct, HIV/ 
AIDS, and human rights should be mandatory, 
and all personnel, regardless of category or 
rank, should be required to sign an oath that 
each has received and understands such train-
ing as a condition of participation in the oper-
ation. 
(E) GRATIS MILITARY PERSONNEL.—The 
General Assembly should seek to strengthen the 
capacity the United Nations Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations and ease the extraor-
dinary burden currently placed upon the limited 
number of headquarters staff by lifting restric-
tions on the utilization of gratis military per-
sonnel by the Department so that the Depart-
ment may accept secondments from Member 
States of military personnel with expertise in 
mission planning, logistics, and other oper-
ational specialties. 
(2) CONDUCT AND DISCIPLINE.— 
(A) ADOPTION OF A UNIFORM CODE OF 
CONDUCT.—A single, uniform Code of Conduct 
that has the status of a binding rule and ap-
plies equally to all personnel serving in United 
Nations peacekeeping operations, regardless of 
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category or rank, including military personnel, 
should be adopted and incorporated into legal 
documents governing participation in such an 
operation, including all contracts and Memoran-
dums of Understanding, promulgated and effec-
tively enforced. 
(B) UNDERSTANDING THE CODE OF CON-
DUCT.—All personnel, regardless of category or 
rank, should receive training on the Code of 
Conduct prior to deployment with a peace-
keeping operation, in addition to periodic fol-
low-on training. In particular— 
(i) all personnel, regardless of cat-
egory or rank, should be provided with a 
personal copy of the Code of Conduct that 
has been translated into the national lan-
guage of such personnel, regardless of 
whether such language is an official lan-
guage of the United Nations; 
(ii) all personnel, regardless of cat-
egory or rank, should sign an oath that 
each has received a copy of the Code of 
Conduct, that each pledges to abide by the 
Code of Conduct, and that each under-
stands the consequences of violating the 
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Code of Conduct, including immediate ter-
mination of participation in and permanent 
exclusion from all current and future 
peacekeeping operations , as well as the as-
sumption of personal liability for victims 
compensation, as a condition of appoint-
ment to any such operation; and 
(iii) peacekeeping operations should 
conduct educational outreach programs to 
reach local communities where peace-
keeping personnel of such operations are 
based, including explaining prohibited acts 
on the part of United Nations peace-
keeping personnel and identifying the indi-
vidual to whom the local population may 
direct complaints or file allegations of ex-
ploitation, abuse, or other acts of mis-
conduct. 
(C) 
MONITORING
MECHANISMS.—Dedi-
cated monitoring mechanisms, such as the Per-
sonnel Conduct Units already deployed to sup-
port United Nations peacekeeping operations in 
Haiti, Liberia, Burundi, and the Democratic 
Republic of Congo, should be present in each 
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operation to monitor compliance with the Code 
of Conduct, and— 
(i) should report simultaneously to the 
Head of Mission, the United Nations De-
partment of Peacekeeping Operations, and 
the Associate Director of OIOS for Peace-
keeping Operations (established under sec-
tion 1114(b)(9)); and 
(ii) should be tasked with designing 
and implementing mission-specific meas-
ures to prevent misconduct, conduct follow- 
on training for personnel, coordinate com-
munity outreach programs, and assist in 
investigations, as OIOS determines nec-
essary and appropriate. 
(D) INVESTIGATIONS.—A permanent, pro-
fessional, and independent investigative body 
should be established and introduced into 
United Nations peacekeeping operations. In 
particular— 
(i) the investigative body should in-
clude professionals with experience in in-
vestigating sex crimes, as well as experts 
who can provide guidance on standards of 
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proof and evidentiary requirements nec-
essary for any subsequent legal action; 
(ii) provisions should be included in 
all Memorandums of Understanding, in-
cluding a Model Memorandum of Under-
standing, that obligate Member States that 
contribute troops to a peacekeeping oper-
ation to designate a military prosecutor 
who will participate in any investigation 
into credible allegations of misconduct 
brought against an individual of such 
Member State, so that evidence is collected 
and preserved in a manner consistent with 
the military law of such Member State; 
(iii) the investigative body should be 
regionally based to ensure rapid deploy-
ment and should be equipped with modern 
forensics equipment for the purpose of 
positively identifying perpetrators and, 
where necessary, for determining paternity; 
and 
(iv) the investigative body should re-
port directly to the Associate Director of 
OIOS for Peacekeeping Operations, while 
providing copies of any reports to the De-
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partment of Peacekeeping Operations, the 
Head of Mission, and the Member State 
concerned. 
(E) FOLLOW-UP.—A dedicated unit, simi-
lar to the Personnel Conduct Units, staffed and 
funded through existing resources, should be es-
tablished within the headquarters of the United 
Nations Department of Peacekeeping Oper-
ations and tasked with— 
(i) promulgating measures to prevent 
misconduct; 
(ii) receiving reports by field per-
sonnel and coordinating the Department’s 
response to allegations of misconduct; and 
(iii) gathering follow-up information 
on completed investigations, particularly by 
focusing on disciplinary actions against the 
individual concerned taken by the United 
Nations or by the Member State that is 
contributing troops to which such indi-
vidual belongs, and sharing such informa-
tion with the Security Council, the Head of 
Mission, and the community hosting the 
peacekeeping operation. 
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(F) FINANCIAL
LIABILITY
AND
VICTIMS 
ASSISTANCE.—Although 
peacekeeping 
oper-
ations should provide immediate medical assist-
ance to victims of sexual abuse or exploitation, 
the responsibility for providing longer-term 
treatment, care, or restitution lies solely with 
the individual found guilty of the misconduct. 
In particular, the following reforms should be 
implemented: 
(i) The United Nations should not as-
sume responsibility for providing long-term 
treatment or compensation by creating a 
‘‘Victims Trust Fund’’, or any other such 
similar fund, financed through assessed 
contributions to United Nations peace-
keeping operations, thereby shielding indi-
viduals from personal liability and rein-
forcing an atmosphere of impunity. 
(ii) If an individual responsible for 
misconduct has been repatriated, reas-
signed, redeployed, or is otherwise unable 
to provide assistance, responsibility for 
providing assistance to a victim should be 
assigned to the Member State that contrib-
uted the contingent to which such indi-
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vidual belonged or to the manager con-
cerned. 
(iii) In the case of misconduct by a 
member of a military contingent, appro-
priate funds shall be withheld from the 
troop contributing country concerned. 
(iv) In the case of misconduct by a ci-
vilian employee or contractor of the United 
Nations, appropriate wages shall be gar-
nished from such individual or fines shall 
be imposed against such individual, con-
sistent with existing United Nations Staff 
Rules, and retirement funds shall not be 
shielded from liability. 
(G) MANAGERS AND COMMANDERS.—The 
manner in which managers and commanders 
handle cases of misconduct by those serving 
under them should be included in their indi-
vidual performance evaluations, so that man-
agers and commanders who take decisive action 
to deter and address misconduct are rewarded, 
while those who create a permissive environ-
ment or impede investigations are penalized or 
relieved of duty, as appropriate. 
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(H) DATA BASE.—A centralized data base, 
including personnel photos and fingerprints, 
should be created and maintained within the 
United Nations Department of Peacekeeping 
Operations without further delay to track cases 
of misconduct, including the outcome of inves-
tigations and subsequent prosecutions, to en-
sure that personnel who have engaged in mis-
conduct or other criminal activities, regardless 
of category or rank, are permanently barred 
from participation in future peacekeeping oper-
ations. 
(I) COOPERATION OF MEMBER STATES.— 
If a Member State routinely refuses to cooper-
ate with the directives contained herein or acts 
to shield its nationals from personal liability, 
that Member State should be barred from con-
tributing troops or personnel to future peace-
keeping operations. 
(J) WELFARE.—Peacekeeping operations 
should continue to seek to maintain a minimum 
standard of welfare for mission personnel to 
ameliorate conditions of service, while adjust-
ments are made to the discretionary welfare 
payments currently provided to Member States 
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that contribute troops to offset the cost of oper-
ation-provided recreational facilities, as nec-
essary and appropriate. 
SEC. 603. CERTIFICATION. 
(a) NEW
OR EXPANDED PEACEKEEPING OPER-
ATIONS
CONTINGENT
UPON
PRESIDENTIAL
CERTIFI-
CATION OF PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS REFORMS.— 
(1) NO NEW OR EXPANDED PEACEKEEPING OP-
ERATIONS.— 
(A) CERTIFICATION.—Except as provided 
in subparagraph (B), until the Secretary of 
State certifies that the requirements described 
in paragraph (2) have been satisfied, the Presi-
dent shall direct the United States Permanent 
Representative to the United Nations to use the 
voice, vote, and influence of the United States 
at the United Nations to oppose the creation of 
new, or expansion of existing, United Nations 
peacekeeping operations. 
(B) EXCEPTION AND NOTIFICATION.—The 
requirements described under paragraph (2) 
may be waived with respect to a particular 
peacekeeping operation if the President deter-
mines that failure to deploy new or additional 
peacekeepers in such situation will create a sig-
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nificant possibility of the widespread loss of 
human life, genocide, or the endangerment of a 
vital national security interest of the United 
States. If the President makes such a deter-
mination, the President shall, not later than 15 
days before the exercise of such waiver, notify 
the appropriate congressional committees of 
such determination and resulting waiver. 
(2) CERTIFICATION OF PEACEKEEPING OPER-
ATIONS REFORMS.—The certification referred to in 
paragraph (1) is a certification made by the Sec-
retary to the appropriate congressional committees 
that the following reforms, or an equivalent set of 
reforms, related to peacekeeping operations have 
been adopted by the United Nations Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations or the General Assembly, 
as appropriate: 
(A) A single, uniform Code of Conduct 
that has the status of a binding rule and ap-
plies equally to all personnel serving in United 
Nations peacekeeping operations, regardless of 
category or rank, has been adopted by the Gen-
eral Assembly and duly incorporated into all 
contracts and a Model Memorandum of Under-
standing, and mechanisms have been estab-
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lished for training such personnel concerning 
the requirements of the Code and enforcement 
of the Code. 
(B) All personnel, regardless of category or 
rank, serving in a peacekeeping operation have 
been trained concerning the requirements of the 
Code of Conduct and each has been given a per-
sonal copy of the Code, translated into the na-
tional language of such personnel. 
(C) All personnel, regardless of category or 
rank, are required to sign an oath that each has 
received a copy of the Code of Conduct, that 
each pledges to abide by the Code, and that 
each understands the consequences of violating 
the Code, including immediate termination of 
participation in and permanent exclusion from 
all current and future peacekeeping operations, 
as well as the assumption of personal liability 
for victims compensation as a condition of the 
appointment to such operation. 
(D) All peacekeeping operations have de-
signed and implemented educational outreach 
programs to reach local communities where 
peacekeeping personnel of such operations are 
based to explain prohibited acts on the part of 
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United Nations peacekeeping personnel and to 
identify the individual to whom the local popu-
lation may direct complaints or file allegations 
of exploitation, abuse, or other acts of mis-
conduct. 
(E) The creation of a centralized data 
base, including personnel photos and finger-
prints, has been completed and is being main-
tained in the United Nations Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations that tracks cases of 
misconduct, including the outcomes of inves-
tigations and subsequent prosecutions, to en-
sure that personnel, regardless of category or 
rank, who have engaged in misconduct or other 
criminal activities are permanently barred from 
participation in future peacekeeping operations. 
(F) A Model Memorandum of Under-
standing between the United Nations and each 
Member State that contributes troops to a 
peacekeeping operation has been adopted by the 
United Nations Department of Peacekeeping 
Operations that specifically obligates each such 
Member State to— 
(i) uphold the uniform Code of Con-
duct which shall apply equally to all per-
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sonnel serving in United Nations peace-
keeping operations, regardless of category 
or rank; 
(ii) designate a competent legal au-
thority, preferably a prosecutor with exper-
tise in the area of sexual exploitation and 
abuse where appropriate, to participate in 
any investigation into an allegation of mis-
conduct brought against an individual of 
such Member State; 
(iii) refer to its competent national or 
military authority for possible prosecution, 
if warranted, any investigation of a viola-
tion of the Code of Conduct or other crimi-
nal activity by an individual of such Mem-
ber State; 
(iv) report to the Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations on the outcome 
of any such investigation; 
(v) undertake to conduct on-site court 
martial proceedings, where practical and 
appropriate, relating to allegations of mis-
conduct alleged against an individual of 
such Member State; and 
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(vi) assume responsibility for the pro-
vision of appropriate assistance to a victim 
of misconduct committed by an individual 
of such Member State. 
(G) A professional and independent inves-
tigative and audit function has been established 
within the United Nations Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations and the OIOS to mon-
itor United Nations peacekeeping operations. 
Æ 
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