(20) Operational costs for personnel assigned to 
full-time security or counterterrorism duties related 
to rail transportation. 
(21) Such other security improvements as the 
Secretary considers appropriate. 
(c) DEPARTMENT
OF HOMELAND SECURITY RE-
SPONSIBILITIES.—In carrying out the responsibilities 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1) determine the requirements for recipients of 
grants under this section, including application re-
quirements; 
(2) pursuant to subsection (f), determine who 
are the recipients of grants under this section; 
(3) pursuant to subsection (b), determine the 
uses for which grant funds may be used under this 
section; 
(4) establish priorities for uses of funds for 
grant recipients under this section; and 
(5) not later than 5 business days after making 
determinations under paragraphs (1) through (4), 
transfer grant funds under this section to the Sec-
retary of Transportation for distribution to the re-
cipients of grants determined by the Secretary under 
paragraph (2).
(d) DEPARTMENT
OF TRANSPORTATION RESPON-
SIBILITIES.—The Secretary of Transportation shall dis-
tribute grant funds under this section to the recipients of 
grants determined by the Secretary under subsection (f). 
(e) MONITORING AND AUDITING.—The Department 
of Homeland Security and the Department of Transpor-
tation jointly shall monitor and audit the use of funds 
under this section. 
(f) ELIGIBILITY.—A railroad carrier is eligible for a 
grant under this section if the carrier has completed a vul-
nerability assessment and developed a security plan that 
the Secretary has approved under section 103. Grant 
funds may only be used for permissible uses under sub-
section (b) to further a rail security plan. 
(g) MULTIYEAR AWARDS.—Pursuant to this section, 
the Secretary may issue multi-year grants for not longer 
than a 5-year period. 
(h) LETTERS OF INTENT.—
(1) ISSUANCE.—The Secretary may issue a let-
ter of intent to a recipient of a grant under this sec-
tion, to commit funding from future budget author-
ity of an amount, not more than the Federal Gov-
ernment’s share of the project’s cost, for a capital 
improvement project.
(2) SCHEDULE.—The letter of intent under this 
subsection shall establish a schedule under which the 
Secretary will reimburse the recipient for the Fed-
eral Government’s share of the project’s costs, as 
amounts become available, if the recipient, after the 
Secretary issues that letter, carries out the project 
without receiving amounts under a grant issued 
under this section. 
(3) NOTICE TO SECRETARY.—A recipient that 
has been issued a letter of intent under this section 
shall notify the Secretary of the recipient’s intent to 
carry out a project before the project begins. 
(4) NOTICE
TO
CONGRESS.—The Secretary 
shall transmit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a written notification at least 3 days before 
the issuance of a letter of intent under this sub-
section. 
(5) LIMITATIONS.—A letter of intent issued 
under this subsection is not an obligation of the 
Federal Government under section 1501 of title 31, 
United States Code, and the letter is not deemed to 
be an administrative commitment for financing. An 
obligation or administrative commitment may be 
made only as amounts are provided in authorization 
and appropriations laws.
(6) STATUTORY
CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in 
this section shall be construed to prohibit the obliga-
tion of amounts pursuant to a letter of intent under 
this section in the same fiscal year as the letter of 
intent is issued. 
(i) FEDERAL SHARE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graphs (2) and (3), a grant for a project under this 
section shall be for 80 percent of the net cost of the 
project. 
(2) SMALL PROJECT EXCEPTION.—If a grant 
under this section is for a project with a net cost of 
$25,000 or less, the Federal share for the grant 
shall be for 100 percent of such cost. 
(3) NATIONAL SECURITY EXCEPTION.—If the 
Secretary determines, upon written notice to the ap-
propriate congressional committees, that a higher 
Federal share for a grant under this section is nec-
essary to respond to an urgent threat to national se-
curity, the Secretary may increase the Federal share 
for the grant to up to 100 percent of the net cost 
of the project. 
(4) APPLICABILITY.—This subsection shall only 
apply to freight railroad carriers.
(j) SUBJECT TO CERTAIN STANDARDS.—A recipient 
of a grant under this section and section 108 shall be re-
quired to comply with the standards of section 24312 of 
title 49, United States Code, as in effect on January 1, 
2007, with respect to the project in the same manner as 
the National Railroad Passenger Corporation is required 
to comply with such standards for construction work fi-
nanced under an agreement made under section 24308(a) 
of that title. 
(k) LIMITATION ON USES OF FUNDS.—A grant made 
under this section may not be used—
(1) to supplant State or local funds; and 
(2) to make any State or local government cost-
sharing contribution under any other law. 
(l) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Each recipient of a grant 
under this section shall report annually to the Secretary 
on the use of grant funds. 
(m) GUIDELINES.—Before distribution of funds to 
recipients of grants under this section, the Secretary, shall 
issue guidelines to ensure that, to the extent that recipi-
ents of grants under this section use contractors or sub-
contractors, such recipients use small, minority, women-
owned, or disadvantaged businesses as contractors or sub-
contractors to the extent practicable. 
(n) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary $600,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2008 through 2011 for making grants 
under this section. 
(2) PERIOD
OF
AVAILABILITY.—Sums appro-
priated to carry out this section shall remain avail-
able until expended. 
SEC. 106. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ASSIST-
ANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 
program for making grants to an eligible public transpor-
tation designated recipient for security improvements de-
scribed in subsection (b). 
(b) USES OF FUNDS.—A recipient of a grant under 
subsection (a) shall use the grant funds for one or more 
of the following: 
(1) Perimeter protection systems, including ac-
cess control, installation of improved lighting, fenc-
ing, and barricades. 
(2) Security improvements to stations and other 
public transportation infrastructure, including sta-
tions and other public transportation infrastructure 
owned by State or local governments. 
(3) Tunnel protection systems. 
(4) Evacuation improvements.
(5) Inspection technologies, including verified 
visual inspection technologies using hand-held read-
ers and discs. 
(6) Communications equipment, including mo-
bile service equipment to provide access to emer-
gency services in an underground fixed guideway 
system. 
(7) Chemical, biological, or radiological or ex-
plosive detection, including canine patrols for such 
detection. 
(8) Surveillance equipment. 
(9) Emergency response equipment, including 
fire suppression and decontamination equipment, 
personal protective equipment, and defibrillators. 
(10) Purchase and placement of bomb-resistant 
trash cans throughout public transportation facili-
ties, including subway exits, entrances, and tunnels. 
(11) Global positioning or tracking and recovery 
equipment. 
(12) Redundant critical operations control sys-
tems. 
(13) Live or simulated exercises described in 
section 110. 
(14) Public awareness campaigns for enhanced 
public transportation security.
(15) Operating and capital costs associated 
with security awareness, preparedness, and response 
training, including training under section 109 and 
training developed by universities and institutions of 
higher education and by nonprofit employee labor 
organizations, for public transportation employees, 
including front-line employees. 
(16) Overtime reimbursement, including reim-
bursement of State, local, and tribal governments for 
costs, for additional security personnel during peri-
ods of heightened security as determined by the Sec-
retary. 
(17) Operational costs, including reimburse-
ment of State, local, and tribal governments for 
costs for personnel assigned to full-time security or 
counterterrorism duties related to public transpor-
tation. 
(18) Such other security improvements as the 
Secretary considers appropriate, including security 
improvements for newly completed public transpor-
tation systems that are not yet operable for pas-
senger use. 
(c) DEPARTMENT
OF HOMELAND SECURITY RE-
SPONSIBILITIES.—In carrying out the responsibilities 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1) determine the requirements for recipients of 
grants under this section, including application re-
quirements; 
(2) pursuant to subsection (f), determine who 
are the recipients of grants under this section; 
(3) pursuant to subsection (b), determine the 
uses for which grant funds may be used under this 
section; 
(4) establish priorities for uses of funds for 
grant recipients under this section; and 
(5) not later than 5 business days after making 
determinations under paragraphs (1) through (4), 
transfer grant funds under this section to the Sec-
retary of Transportation for distribution to the re-
cipients of grants determined by the Secretary under 
paragraph (2). 
(d) DEPARTMENT
OF TRANSPORTATION RESPON-
SIBILITIES.—The Secretary of Transportation shall dis-
tribute grant funds under this section to the recipients of 
grants determined by the Secretary under subsection (f). 
(e) MONITORING AND AUDITING.—The Department 
of Homeland Security and the Department of Transpor-
tation shall jointly monitor and audit the use of funds 
under this section.
(f) ELIGIBILITY.—A designated recipient is eligible 
for a grant under this section if the recipient has com-
pleted a vulnerability assessment and developed a security 
plan that the Secretary has approved under section 103. 
Grant funds may only be used for permissible uses under 
subsection (b) to further a public transportation security 
plan. 
(g) SUBJECT
TO CERTAIN TERMS
AND CONDI-
TIONS.—Except as otherwise specifically provided in this 
section, a grant provided under this section shall be sub-
ject to the terms and conditions applicable to a grant 
made under section 5307 of title 49, United States Code, 
as in effect on January 1, 2007, and such other terms 
and conditions as are determined necessary by the Sec-
retary. 
(h) LIMITATION ON USES OF FUNDS.—Grants made 
under this section may not be used—
(1) to supplant State or local funds; and 
(2) to make any State or local government cost-
sharing contribution under any other law. 
(i) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Each recipient of a grant 
under this section shall report annually to the Secretary 
on the use of the grant funds. 
(j) GUIDELINES.—Before distribution of funds to re-
cipients of grants under this section, the Secretary shall
issue guidelines to ensure that, to the extent that recipi-
ents of grants under this section use contractors or sub-
contractors, such recipients shall use small, minority, 
women-owned, or disadvantaged businesses as contractors 
or subcontractors to the extent practicable. 
(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to make grants under 
this section—
(A) $775,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
(B) $825,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 
(C) $880,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 
(D) $880,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 
(2) PERIOD
OF
AVAILABILITY.—Sums appro-
priated to carry out this section shall remain avail-
able until expended. 
SEC. 107. OVER-THE-ROAD BUS SECURITY ASSISTANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 
program for making grants for eligible private operators 
providing transportation by an over-the-road bus for secu-
rity improvements described in subsection (b). 
(b) USES OF FUNDS.—A recipient of a grant received 
under subsection (a) shall use the grant funds for one or 
more of the following:
(1) Constructing and modifying terminals, ga-
rages, facilities, or over-the-road buses to increase 
their security, including terminals and other over-
the-road bus facilities owned by State or local gov-
ernments. 
(2) Protecting or isolating the driver of an over-
the-road bus. 
(3) Acquiring, upgrading, installing, or oper-
ating equipment, software, or accessorial services for 
collection, storage, or exchange of passenger and 
driver information through ticketing systems or oth-
erwise and for information links with government 
agencies. 
(4) Installing cameras and video surveillance 
equipment on over-the-road buses and at terminals, 
garages, and over-the-road bus facilities. 
(5) Establishing and improving an emergency 
communications system linking drivers and over-the-
road buses to the recipient’s operations center or 
linking the operations center to law enforcement and 
emergency personnel. 
(6) Implementing and operating passenger 
screening programs for weapons and explosives. 
(7) Public awareness campaigns for enhanced 
over-the-road bus security.
(8) Operating and capital costs associated with 
security awareness, preparedness, and response 
training, including training under section 109 and 
training developed by universities and institutions of 
higher education and by nonprofit employee labor 
organizations, for over-the-road bus employees, in-
cluding front-line employees. 
(9) Chemical, biological, radiological, or explo-
sive detection, including canine patrols for such de-
tection. 
(10) Overtime reimbursement, including reim-
bursement of State, local, and tribal governments for 
costs, for additional security personnel during peri-
ods of heightened security as determined by the Sec-
retary. 
(11) Live or simulated exercises described in 
section 110. 
(12) Operational costs, including reimburse-
ment of State, local, and tribal governments for such 
costs, for personnel assigned to full-time security or 
counterterrorism duties related to over-the-road bus 
transportation. 
(13) Such other improvements as the Secretary 
considers appropriate.
(c) DEPARTMENT
OF HOMELAND SECURITY RE-
SPONSIBILITIES.—In carrying out the responsibilities 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1) determine the requirements for recipients of 
grants under this section, including application re-
quirements; 
(2) pursuant to subsection (f), determine who 
are the recipients of grants under this section; 
(3) pursuant to subsection (b), determine the 
uses for which grant funds may be used under this 
section; 
(4) establish priorities for uses of funds for 
grant recipients under this section; and 
(5) not later than 5 business days of making 
determinations under paragraphs (1) through (4), 
transfer grant funds under this section to the Sec-
retary of Transportation for distribution to the re-
cipients of grants determined by the Secretary under 
paragraph (2). 
(d) DEPARTMENT
OF TRANSPORTATION RESPON-
SIBILITIES.—The Secretary of Transportation shall dis-
tribute grant funds under this section to the recipients of 
grants determined by the Secretary under subsection (f). 
(e) MONITORING AND AUDITING.—The Department 
of Homeland Security and the Department of Transpor-
tation shall jointly monitor and audit the use of funds 
under this section. 
(f) ELIGIBILITY.—A private operator providing 
transportation by an over-the-road bus is eligible for a 
grant under this section if the operator has completed a 
vulnerability assessment and developed a security plan 
that the Secretary has approved under section 103. Grant 
funds may only be used for permissible uses under sub-
section (b) to further an over-the-road bus security plan. 
(g) SUBJECT
TO CERTAIN TERMS
AND CONDI-
TIONS.—Except as otherwise specifically provided in this 
section, a grant made under this section shall be subject 
to the terms and conditions applicable to subrecipients 
who provide intercity bus transportation under section 
5311(f) of title 49, United States Code, and such other 
terms and conditions as are determined necessary by the 
Secretary. 
(h) LIMITATION ON USES OF FUNDS.—A grant made 
under this section may not be used to—
(1) supplant State or local funds for activities; 
and 
(2) make any State or local government cost-
sharing contribution under any other law. 
(i) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Each recipient of a grant 
under this section shall report annually to the Secretary
and the Secretary of Transportation on the use of such 
grant funds. 
(j) GUIDELINES.—Before distribution of funds to re-
cipients of grants under this section, the Secretary shall 
issue guidelines to ensure that to the extent that recipients 
of grants under this section use contractors or subcontrac-
tors, such recipients shall use small, minority, women-
owned, and disadvantaged businesses as contractors or 
subcontractors to the extent practicable. 
(k) AUTHORIZATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to make grants under 
this section—
(A) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and 
(B) $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2009 through 2011. 
(2) PERIOD
OF
AVAILABILITY.—Sums appro-
priated to carry out this section shall remain avail-
able until expended. 
SEC. 108. FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
Transportation for making grants to the National Rail-
road Passenger Corporation, for the purpose of carrying 
out projects to make fire and life safety improvements to
Amtrak tunnels on the Northeast Corridor the following 
amounts: 
(1) For the 6 tunnels in New York City, New 
York, to provide ventilation, electrical, and fire safe-
ty technology improvements, emergency communica-
tion and lighting systems, and emergency access and 
egress for passengers—
(A) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
(B) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 
(C) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 
(D) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 
(2) For the Baltimore & Potomac Tunnel and 
the Union Tunnel in Baltimore, Maryland, to pro-
vide adequate drainage and ventilation, communica-
tion, lighting, standpipe, and passenger egress im-
provements—
(A) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
(B) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 
(C) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 
(D) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 
(3) For the Union Station tunnels in the Dis-
trict of Columbia to provide ventilation, communica-
tion, lighting, and passenger egress improvements—
(A) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
(B) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(C) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 
(D) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF AMOUNTS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to this section shall remain available 
until expended. 
(c) GUIDELINES.—Before distribution of funds to re-
cipients of grants under this section, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall issue guidelines to ensure that, to the 
extent that recipients of grants under this section use con-
tractors or subcontractors, such recipients shall use small, 
minority, women-owned, or disadvantaged businesses as 
the contractors or subcontractors to the extent practicable. 
SEC. 109. SECURITY TRAINING PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall—
(1) develop security training programs to pre-
pare all railroad, public transportation, and over-the-
road bus workers, including front-line employees, for 
potential threat conditions; and 
(2) issue detailed guidance for the program. 
(b) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall develop the 
guidance under subsection (a)(2) in consultation with—
(1) appropriate law enforcement, fire service, 
security, and terrorism experts;
(2) representatives of providers of covered 
transportation; and 
(3) nonprofit employee labor organizations rep-
resenting railroad, public transportation, over-the-
road bus workers, or emergency response personnel. 
(c) PROGRAM ELEMENTS.—The guidance developed 
under subsection (a)(2) shall require security training pro-
grams described in subsection (a) to include, at a min-
imum, elements to address the following: 
(1) Determination of the seriousness of any oc-
currence or threat. 
(2) Crew and passenger communication and co-
ordination. 
(3) Appropriate responses to defend oneself, in-
cluding using nonlethal defense devises. 
(4) Evacuation procedures for passengers and 
workers, including individuals with disabilities. 
(5) Live situational training exercises regarding 
various threat conditions, including tunnel evacu-
ation procedures. 
(6) Recognition and reporting of dangerous 
substances and suspicious packages, persons, and 
situations. 
(7) Understanding security incident procedures, 
including procedures for communicating with gov-
ernmental and nongovernmental emergency response 
providers and for on-scene interaction with such 
emergency response providers. 
(8) Operation and maintenance of security 
equipment and systems. 
(9) Other security training activities that the 
Secretary considers appropriate. 
(d) REQUIRED PROGRAMS.—
(1) DEVELOPMENT AND SUBMISSION TO SEC-
RETARY.—Not later than 60 days after the Sec-
retary issues guidance under subsection (a)(2), each 
provider of covered transportation shall develop a se-
curity training program in accordance with the guid-
ance developed under subsection (2) and submit the 
program to the Secretary for approval. 
(2) APPROVAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
receiving a security training program proposal under 
this subsection, the Secretary shall approve the pro-
gram or require the provider of covered transpor-
tation that developed the program to make any revi-
sions to the program that the Secretary considers 
necessary for the program to meet the guidance re-
quirements. 
(3) TRAINING.—Not later than 1 year after the 
Secretary approves a security training program pro-
posal under this subsection, the provider of covered 
transportation that developed the program shall 
complete the training of all workers covered under 
the program. 
(4) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall periodically 
review and update as appropriate the training guid-
ance issued under subsection (a)(2) to reflect new or 
changing security threats and require providers of 
covered transportation to revise their programs ac-
cordingly and provide additional training to their 
workers as necessary. 
(e) NATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the training program developed under 
subsection (a) is a component of the National Training 
Program established under section 648 of the Department 
of Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2007 (6 
U.S.C. 748). 
(f) FERRY EXEMPTION.—This section does not apply 
to any ferry system for which training is required to be 
conducted pursuant to section 70103 of title 46, United 
States Code. 
(g) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.—Not later than 
one year after the issuance of guidelines under subsection 
(a)(2), the Secretary shall conduct a survey regarding the 
satisfaction of workers regarding the effectiveness and
adequacy of the training programs. In addition, the Sec-
retary shall submit a report to the appropriate congres-
sional committees regarding the results of the survey and 
the progress of providers of covered transportation in 
meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1) and (3) of 
subsection (d). 
SEC. 110. SECURITY EXERCISES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 
program for conducting security exercises for covered 
transportation for the purpose of assessing and improving 
the capabilities of entities described in subsection (b) to 
prevent, prepare for, mitigate against, respond to, and re-
cover from acts of terrorism involving covered transpor-
tation. 
(b) COVERED ENTITIES.—Entities to be assessed 
under the program shall include—
(1) Federal, State, and local agencies and tribal 
governments; 
(2) employees and managers of providers of 
covered transportation; 
(3) governmental and nongovernmental emer-
gency response providers and law enforcement per-
sonnel, including railroad and transit police; and 
(4) any other organization or entity that the 
Secretary determines appropriate.
(c) REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that the program—
(1) working jointly with the Secretary of Trans-
portation, consolidates all existing security exercises 
for covered transportation administered by the De-
partment and the Department of Transportation; 
(2) requires, on a periodic basis, at the facilities 
a provider of covered transportation, exercises to be 
conducted that are—
(A) scaled and tailored to the needs of the 
facilities, including individuals with disabilities; 
(B) live, in the case of the most at-risk fa-
cilities to a terrorist attack; 
(C) coordinated with appropriate officials 
of covered transportation providers; 
(D) as realistic as practicable and based on 
current risk assessments, including credible 
threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences; and 
(E) consistent with the National Incident 
Management System, the National Response 
Plan, the National Infrastructure Protection 
Plan, the National Preparedness Guidance, the 
National Preparedness Goal, and other such na-
tional initiatives;