datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
•HRES 342 IH 
Whereas divisive symbols, license plates, specialty license 
plates, replicas, and flags on public buildings or govern-
ment property, which constitute ‘‘government speech’’, 
convey the vestiges of the history of slavery that has di-
vided the United States; 
Whereas the role of government is to promote equal protec-
tion under the Constitution and combat fear, oppression, 
and intimidation; 
Whereas these divisive symbols have historically targeted and 
perpetuated fear, oppression, and intimidation of certain 
groups of Americans; 
Whereas the continued existence of these divisive symbols as 
‘‘government speech’’ is also a denial of equal protection 
under the law; 
Whereas the United States can only be a perfect union where 
all are and feel equally protected under the law; and 
Whereas equal protection under the law promotes a more per-
fect union, fairness, tolerance, peace, and a sense of com-
munity oneness, all unalienable rights enshrined in the 
Constitution: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That it is the sense of the House of Rep-
resentatives that the United States can achieve a more 
perfect union— 
(1) through avoidance of ‘‘government speech’’, 
as the State of Texas did in Walker III v. Texas Di-
vision, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc., which 
promotes or displays symbols, signs, and vestiges of 
racism, oppression, and intimidation in the States, 
localities, and territories; 
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(A) in paragraph (1)(B)(ii), by striking
‘‘which began before the end of the period spec-
ified in paragraph (4)’’;
(B) in paragraph (1)(F)(ii), by striking
‘‘(I) in the period specified in paragraph (4)
and (II)’’;
(C) by striking paragraph (4) and by re-
designating paragraphs (5) through (9) as
paragraphs (4) through (8), respectively; and
(D) in paragraph (4)(A)(ii) (as redesig-
nated), by striking ‘‘whichever’’ and all that fol-
lows through ‘‘begins’’ and inserting ‘‘the first
day of the seventeenth month before the month
in which her application is filed’’.
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(A) Section 202(e)(1)(F)(i) of such Act
(42 U.S.C. 402(e)(1)(F)(i)) is amended by
striking ‘‘paragraph (5)’’ and inserting ‘‘para-
graph (4)’’.
(B) Section 202(e)(1)(C)(ii)(III) of such
Act (42 U.S.C. 402(e)(2)(C)(ii)(III)) is amend-
ed by striking ‘‘paragraph (8)’’ and inserting
‘‘paragraph (7)’’.
(C) Section 202(e)(2)(A) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(e)(2)(A)) is amended by striking
‘‘paragraph (7)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph
(6)’’.
(D) Section 226(e)(1)(A)(i) of such Act
(42 U.S.C. 426(e)(1)(A)(i)) is amended by
striking ‘‘202(e)(4),’’.
(b) WIDOWER’S INSURANCE BENEFITS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 202(f) of such Act
(42 U.S.C. 402(f)) is amended—
(A) in paragraph (1)(B)(ii), by striking
‘‘which began before the end of the period spec-
ified in paragraph (5)’’;
(B) in paragraph (1)(F)(ii), by striking
‘‘(I) in the period specified in paragraph (5)
and (II)’’;
(C) by striking paragraph (5) and by re-
designating paragraphs (6) through (9) as
paragraphs (5) through (8), respectively; and
(D) in paragraph (5)(A)(ii) (as redesig-
nated), by striking ‘‘whichever’’ and all that fol-
lows through ‘‘begins’’ and inserting ‘‘the first
day of the seventeenth month before the month
in which his application is filed’’.
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(A) Section 202(f)(1)(F)(i) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(f)(1)(F)(i)) is amended by striking
‘‘paragraph (6)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph
(5)’’.
(B) Section 202(f)(1)(C)(ii)(III) of such
Act (42 U.S.C. 402(f)(2)(C)(ii)(III)) is amend-
ed by striking ‘‘paragraph (8)’’ and inserting
‘‘paragraph (7)’’.
(C) Section 226(e)(1)(A)(i) of such Act (as
amended by subsection (a)(2)) is further
amended by striking ‘‘202(f)(1)(B)(ii), and
202(f)(5)’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘and
202(f)(1)(B)(ii)’’.
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by
this section shall apply with respect to benefits for months
after December 1998 for which applications are filed or
pending on or after January 1, 1999.
Æ
I
105TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4458
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to eliminate the two-year
waiting period for divorced spouse’s benefits following the divorce.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
AUGUST 6, 1998
Mrs. LOWEY introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on Ways and Means
A BILL
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to eliminate
the two-year waiting period for divorced spouse’s benefits
following the divorce.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. EXEMPTION FROM TWO-YEAR WAITING PERIOD
FOR DIVORCED SPOUSE’S BENEFITS FOLLOW-
ING THE DIVORCE IN CASES OF PRIOR RE-
CEIPT OF SPOUSE’S BENEFITS.
(a) 
WIFE’S
INSURANCE
BENEFITS.—Section
202(b)(5)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.
402(b)(5)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘divorced wife—’’
and all that follows through ‘‘shall be entitled’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘divorced wife meets the requirements of subpara-
graphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1), shall be enti-
tled’’.
(b) HUSBAND’S
INSURANCE
BENEFITS.—Section
202(c)(5)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 402(c)(5)(A)) is
amended by striking ‘‘divorced husband—’’ and all that
follows through ‘‘shall be entitled’’ and inserting ‘‘divorced
husband meets the requirements of subparagraphs (A)
through (D) of paragraph (1), shall be entitled’’.
(c) EXEMPTION FROM DEDUCTIONS ON ACCOUNT OF
WORK.—Section 203(b)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C.
403(b)(2)) is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘(2)(A) Except as’’ and all that
follows through ‘‘the benefit to which’’ and inserting
the following: ‘‘(2) In any case in which any of the
other persons referred to in paragraph (1)(B) is en-
titled to monthly benefits as a divorced spouse under
subsection (b) or (c) of section 202 for any month,
the benefit to which’’; and
(2) by striking subparagraph (B).
SEC. 2. EFFECTIVE DATE.
The amendments made by section 1 shall apply with
respect to benefits for months after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act.
Æ
IV 
114TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 342 
Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding the 
enhancement of unity in America. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 25, 2015 
Ms. JACKSON LEE (for herself, Mr. LEWIS, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. RUSH, Ms. 
KAPTUR, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. COHEN, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Ms. SE-
WELL of Alabama, and Mr. VEASEY) submitted the following resolution; 
which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives 
regarding the enhancement of unity in America. 
Whereas, on June 18, 2015, the United States Supreme 
Court correctly concluded in Walker III v. Texas Divi-
sion, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc. (No. 14–144) 
that messages on State license plates constitute ‘‘govern-
ment speech’’, not private speech protected by the First 
Amendment; 
Whereas the Court also held that it is within the authority 
of a State such as Texas to reject messages on State- 
issued license plates, such as a depiction of the Confed-
erate battle flag, that offend the sensibilities of its citi-
zens; 
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SEC. 3. CONFIDENTIAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF CUS-
TOMERS 
OF 
DEPOSITORY 
INSTITUTION
HOLDING COMPANIES.
(a) BANK HOLDING COMPANY.—Section 4 of the
Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1843)
is amended by adding at the end the following new sub-
section:
‘‘(k) PRIVACY OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION.—Not-
withstanding any other provision of law, the Board shall
prescribe regulations to require any bank holding company
and any affiliate of a bank holding company (other than
a depository institution subsidiary of such company which
is subject to section 18(t) of the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Act)—
‘‘(1) to protect the confidentiality of financial
information of, and relating to, the customers of the
bank holding company or affiliate;
‘‘(2) to inform a customer of the company or
affiliate whenever—
‘‘(A) financial information is being col-
lected that pertains to such customer; or
‘‘(B) the company or affiliate intends (with
the approval of the customer pursuant to para-
graph (3)(B)) to offer financial information
pertaining to such customer to any other per-
•HRES 342 IH 
(2) by immediately abating the use of ‘‘govern-
ment speech’’ through signs, actions, and words that 
promote division and tear at the fabric of the Amer-
ican society; and 
(3) by promoting tolerance and unity by taking 
actions to ensure that ‘‘government speech’’ does not 
foster division, disharmony, intolerance through gov-
ernment-issued or sponsored flags, signs, images, or 
other symbols whether displayed in public or private. 
Æ 
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I
105TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4459
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to provide for increases in
widow’s and widower’s insurance benefits by reason of delayed retirement.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
AUGUST 6, 1998
Mrs. LOWEY introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on Ways and Means
A BILL
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to provide
for increases in widow’s and widower’s insurance benefits
by reason of delayed retirement.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. INCREASE IN WIDOW’S AND WIDOWER’S INSUR-
ANCE BENEFITS BY REASON OF DELAYED RE-
TIREMENT.
(a) DELAYED RETIREMENT CREDIT FOR WIDOW’S
AND WIDOWER’S BENEFITS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 202(w)(1) of the So-
cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 402(w)(1)) is amend-
ed—
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘old-age
insurance benefit’’ and inserting ‘‘old-age, wid-
ow’s, or widower’s insurance benefit’’;
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘the
number of increment months for any individ-
ual’’ in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)
and inserting ‘‘the number of increment months
for any individual to whom an old-age, widow’s,
or widower’s insurance benefit is payable as de-
scribed in paragraph (1)’’; and
(C) by striking paragraph (2)(B) and in-
serting the following:
‘‘(B) with respect to which—
‘‘(i) in the case of an individual to
whom an old-age insurance benefit is pay-
able, such individual was a fully insured
individual (as defined in section 214(a))
and either was not entitled to such a bene-
fit or suffered deductions under section
203(b) or 203(c) in amounts equal to the
amount of such benefit, and
‘‘(ii) in the case of an individual to
whom a widow’s or widower’s insurance
benefit is payable, such individual satisfied
subparagraphs (A), (B), and (D) of sub-
section (e)(1) or (f)(1) and either was not
entitled to such a benefit or suffered de-
ductions under section 203(b) or 203(c) in
amounts equal to the amount of such bene-
fit.’’.
(2) CONFORMING
AMENDMENTS
TO
SECTION
202(w).—
(A) Section 202(w)(3) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(w)(3)) is amended by striking ‘‘old-
age’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘old-
age, widow’s, or widower’s’’.
(B) Section 202(w)(5) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(w)(5)) is amended—
(i) by striking ‘‘If an individual’s pri-
mary insurance amount’’ and inserting ‘‘If
the primary insurance amount on which an
individual’s old-age, widow’s, or widower’s
insurance benefit is based’’;
(ii) by striking ‘‘old-age’’ each place it
appears and inserting ‘‘old-age, widow’s, or
widower’s’’; and
(iii) by striking ‘‘his primary insur-
ance amount’’ each place it appears and
inserting ‘‘the primary insurance amount’’.
(k) MEETINGS.—The Task Force shall meet at the
call of the Chairperson or a majority of its members.
SEC. 5. STAFF OF TASK FORCE AND SUPPORT SERVICES.
(a) DIRECTOR.—The Task Force shall, without re-
gard to section 5311(b) of title 5, United States Code,
have a Director who shall be appointed by the Chair-
person. The Director shall be paid at the minimum annual
rate of basic pay payable for GS–15 of the General Sched-
ule.
(b) STAFF.—With the approval of the Chairperson of
the Task Force, the Director may appoint and fix the pay
of not more than eight additional personnel.
(c) APPLICABILITY
OF CERTAIN CIVIL SERVICE
LAWS.—The staff of the Task Force may be appointed
without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States
Code, governing appointments in the competitive service,
and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chap-
ter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of that title relat-
ing to classification and General Schedule pay rates, ex-
cept that an individual so appointed may not receive pay
in excess of the minimum annual rate of basic pay payable
for GS–13 of the General Schedule.
(d) STAFF OF FEDERAL AGENCIES.—Upon request
of the Chairperson, the head of any department or agency
of the United States may detail, on a reimbursable basis,
(C) Section 202(w)(6) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(w)(6)) is amended—
(i) by striking ‘‘old-age’’ each place it
appears and inserting ‘‘old-age, widow’s, or
widower’s’’; and
(ii) by adding at the end (after and
below subparagraph (D)) the following new
sentence:
‘‘For purposes of this paragraph, an individual is deemed
to become eligible for an old-age insurance benefit on the
first day of the month in which such individual attains
age 62, and for a widow’s or widower’s insurance benefit
on the first day of the month in which such individual
attains age 60.’’.
(3) OTHER CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(A) Section 202(e)(2)(A) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(e)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting
‘‘and subsection (w)’’ after ‘‘subsection (q)’’.
(B) Section 202(f)(3)(A) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 402(f)(3)(A)) is amended by inserting
‘‘and subsection (w)’’ after ‘‘subsection (q)’’.
(b) TREATMENT
OF
DELAYED
RETIREMENT
IN
CASES OF SIMULTANEOUS ENTITLEMENT TO OLD-AGE
INSURANCE BENEFITS AND WIDOW’S OR WIDOWER’S IN-
SURANCE BENEFITS.—Section 202(w) of the Social Secu-
rity Act (42 U.S.C. 402(w)) is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘The amount’’ in paragraph (1)
and inserting ‘‘Subject to paragraph (7), the
amount’’; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
‘‘(7) If for any month an individual is entitled (prior
to the application of this subsection) both to an old-age
insurance benefit and to a widow’s or widower’s insurance
benefit, the resulting increase (if any) in the amount of
the widow’s or widower’s insurance benefit under para-
graph (1) shall be made (prior to the application of sub-
section (k)(3)(A)) in lieu of any increase in the amount
of the old-age insurance benefit under such paragraph, un-
less—
‘‘(A) the amount of such old-age insurance ben-
efit would be greater than the amount of such wid-
ow’s or widower’s insurance benefit after the appli-
cation of paragraph (1) to each such benefit, or
‘‘(B) the increase which would otherwise be
made under such paragraph in the amount of such
old-age insurance benefit would result (under the
language following subparagraph (F) in the first
sentence of subsection (e)(1) or (f)(1)) in the termi-
nation of the individual’s entitlement to widow’s or
widower’s insurance benefits.’’.
SEC. 2. EFFECTIVE DATE.
The amendments made by this Act shall apply with
respect to widow’s and widower’s insurance benefits
(under section 202 (e) and (f) of the Social Security Act)
for months after the month in which this Act is enacted.
Æ
‘‘(ii) to the extent such distributions
do not exceed the qualified higher edu-
cation expenses (as defined in paragraph
(8)) of the taxpayer for the taxable year.’’
(2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 72(t) is amended
by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
‘‘(7) QUALIFIED FIRST-TIME HOMEBUYER DIS-
TRIBUTIONS.—For 
purposes 
of 
paragraph
(2)(E)(i)—
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified
first-time homebuyer distribution’ means any
payment or distribution received by an individ-
ual to the extent such payment or distribution
is used by the individual before the close of the
60th day after the day on which such payment
or distribution is received to pay qualified ac-
quisition costs with respect to a principal resi-
dence of a first-time homebuyer who is such in-
dividual, the spouse of such individual, or any
child, grandchild, or ancestor of such individual
or the individual’s spouse.
‘‘(B) QUALIFIED
ACQUISITION
COSTS.—
For purposes of this paragraph, the term
‘qualified acquisition costs’ means the costs of
•HRES 343 EH 
(3) demands an immediate end to the 17-year per-
secution of the Falun Gong spiritual practice by the 
Government of the People’s Republic of China and the 
Communist Party of China, and the immediate release 
of all Falun Gong practitioners and other prisoners of 
conscience; 
(4) encourages the United States medical commu-
nity to help raise awareness of unethical organ trans-
plant practices in China; 
(5) calls on the People’s Republic of China to allow 
a credible, transparent, and independent investigation 
into organ transplant abuses; and 
(6) calls on the United States Department of State 
to conduct a more detailed analysis on state-sanctioned 
organ harvesting from non-consenting prisoners of con-
science in the annual Human Rights Report, and report 
annually to Congress on the implementation of section 
232 of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fis-
cal Year 2003 (8 U.S.C. 1182f), barring provision of 
visas to Chinese and other nationals engaged in coerced 
organ or bodily tissue transplantation. 
Attest: 
Clerk.
I
105TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 445
To provide that the firearms prohibitions applicable by reason of a domestic
violence misdemeanor conviction do not apply to government entities.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JANUARY 9, 1997
Mr. STUPAK introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To provide that the firearms prohibitions applicable by rea-
son of a domestic violence misdemeanor conviction do
not apply to government entities.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. FIREARMS PROHIBITIONS APPLICABLE BY
REASON OF A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE MIS-
DEMEANOR 
CONVICTION 
MADE 
RETRO-
ACTIVELY INAPPLICABLE TO GOVERNMENT
ENTITIES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 925(a)(1) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘sections
922(d)(9) and (g)(9) and’’.
(b) RETROACTIVITY.—The amendment made by sub-
section (a) of this section shall take effect as if the amend-
ment had been included in section 658 of the Treasury,
Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations
Act, 1997 (as contained in section 101(f) of the Omnibus
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997), on the date of
the enactment of such Act. Any liability, penalty, or for-
feiture incurred by any person who would not have been
subject to the liability, penalty, or forfeiture if the amend-
ment made by subsection (a) had been so included, by rea-
son of the application of any amendment made by such
section 658 to a conviction for a misdemeanor crime of
domestic violence (as defined in section 921(a)(33) of title
18, United States Code) is hereby extinguished, and any
action or prosecution for the enforcement of any such li-
ability, penalty, or forfeiture shall not be sustained.
Æ
I
105TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4460
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to provide for full benefits
for disabled widows and widowers without regard to age.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
AUGUST 6, 1998
Mrs. LOWEY introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on Ways and Means
A BILL
To amend title II of the Social Security Act to provide
for full benefits for disabled widows and widowers with-
out regard to age.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. FULL BENEFITS FOR DISABLED WIDOWS AND
WIDOWERS WITHOUT REGARD TO AGE.
(a) ELIGIBILITY FOR WIDOW’S INSURANCE BENE-
FITS.—Section 202(e) of the Social Security Act (42
U.S.C. 402(e)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ‘‘has at-
tained age 50 but has not attained age 60 and’’;
such form and containing such information as the Sec-
retary may require.
‘‘SEC. 223. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be ap-
propriated to carry out this subtitle—
‘‘(1) $1,042,000 for fiscal year 1999;
‘‘(2) $1,023,000 for fiscal year 2000;
‘‘(3) $998,000 for fiscal year 2001;
‘‘(4) $543,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
‘‘(5) $565,000 for fiscal year 2003.
‘‘(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts authorized to be ap-
propriated under subsection (a) are authorized to remain
available until expended.
‘‘SEC. 224. DEFINITION.
‘‘As used in this subtitle, the term ‘Internet’ means
the international computer network of both Federal and
non-Federal interoperable packet-switched data net-
works.’’.
(b) CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—Section 231 of
such Act, as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), is amended
by inserting ‘‘(except subtitle C)’’ after ‘‘to carry out this
title’’.
Æ
(2) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ‘‘after at-
taining age 50 if she was entitled before such mar-
riage occurred’’ and inserting ‘‘after having been en-
titled’’; and
(3) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking ‘‘after at-
taining age 50’’.
(b) ELIGIBILITY OF WIDOWER’S INSURANCE BENE-
FITS.—Section 202(f) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 402(f)) is
amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ‘‘has at-
tained age 50 but has not attained age 60 and’’;
(2) in paragraph (4)(A), by striking ‘‘after at-
taining age 50 if he was entitled before such mar-
riage occurred’’ and inserting ‘‘after having been en-
titled’’; and
(3) in paragraph (4)(B), by striking ‘‘after at-
taining age 50’’.
SEC. 2. EXEMPTION FROM REDUCTIONS IN BENEFITS.
Section 202(q) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.
402(q)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ‘‘age 50’’
and inserting ‘‘age 60’’; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
‘‘(12) Notwithstanding any other provision of this
section, there shall be no reduction under this subsection
in the widow’s or widower’s insurance benefit of an indi-
vidual for any month in which such individual is under
a disability (as defined in section 223(d)); and none of
the provisions of this subsection shall apply with respect
to such benefit even though such benefit may have been
so reduced prior to the onset of such disability.’’.
SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE AND REDETERMINATION OF BEN-
EFITS.
The amendments made by this Act shall apply with
respect to monthly insurance benefits payable under title
II of the Social Security Act for months after the month
in which this Act is enacted. The Commissioner of Social
Security (without the necessity of any application there-
for) shall redetermine the amount of any widow’s or wid-
ower’s insurance benefit which is payable for the month
in which this Act is enacted in order to reflect such
amendments as provided in the preceding sentence.
Æ