I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 6860 
To amend the General Education Provisions Act to provide a private right 
of action to parents and eligible students to protect certain education- 
related rights, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
DECEMBER 18, 2025 
Ms. HAGEMAN (for herself and Mr. GROTHMAN) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Education and Workforce 
A BILL 
To amend the General Education Provisions Act to provide 
a private right of action to parents and eligible students 
to protect certain education-related rights, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Parental Rights Relief 
Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. PRIVATE RIGHTS OF ACTION UNDER FERPA AND 
PPRA. 
(a) FAMILY EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS
AND PRIVACY 
ACT.—Section 444(g) of the General Education Provi-
sions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g(g)) (commonly known as the 
‘‘Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974’’) 
is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(g) OFFICE AND REVIEW BOARD.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish or designate an office and review board within 
the Department for the purpose of investigating, 
processing, reviewing, and adjudicating violations of 
this section and complaints which may be filed con-
cerning alleged violations of this section. 
‘‘(2) COMPLAINTS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that complaints filed pursuant to paragraph (1) are 
investigated, processed, reviewed, and adjudicated 
not later than 90 days after being filed. 
‘‘(3) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A parent (or a stu-
dent who is at least eighteen years of age or is 
attending an institution of postsecondary edu-
cation) who is aggrieved by a violation of this 
section by an educational agency or institution 
may bring a civil action in an appropriate dis-
trict court of the United States against such 
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educational agency or institution for declaratory 
relief, injunctive relief, or reasonable attorney’s 
fees and costs with respect to the violation. 
‘‘(B) ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES NOT RE-
QUIRED.—A civil action under subparagraph 
(A) may be commenced, and relief may be 
granted, without regard to whether the party 
commencing the action has sought or exhausted 
any available administrative remedies. 
‘‘(C) INTERVENTION OF ATTORNEY GEN-
ERAL.—A court may, in its discretion, permit 
the Attorney General to intervene in a civil ac-
tion brought under subparagraph (A) if the At-
torney General certifies that the action is of 
general public importance. 
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—Except for the conduct of 
hearings, none of the functions of the Secretary 
under this section shall be carried out in any of the 
regional offices of the Department.’’. 
(b) PROTECTION OF PUPIL RIGHTS AMENDMENT.— 
Section 445(f) of the General Education Provisions Act 
(20 U.S.C. 1232h(f)) (commonly known as the ‘‘Protec-
tion of Pupil Rights Amendment’’) is amended to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(f) OFFICE AND REVIEW BOARD.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish or designate an office and review board within 
the Department of Education to investigate, process, 
review, and adjudicate violations of the rights estab-
lished under this section. 
‘‘(2) COMPLAINTS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that complaints filed pursuant to paragraph (1) are 
investigated, processed, reviewed, and adjudicated 
not later than 90 days after being filed. 
‘‘(3) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A parent (or a stu-
dent who is at least eighteen years of age or is 
an emancipated minor under an applicable 
State law) who is aggrieved by a violation of 
this section by an educational agency or institu-
tion may bring a civil action in an appropriate 
district court of the United States against such 
educational agency or institution for declaratory 
relief, injunctive relief, or reasonable attorney’s 
fees and costs with respect to the violation. 
‘‘(B) ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES NOT RE-
QUIRED.—A civil action under subparagraph 
(A) may be commenced, and relief may be 
granted, without regard to whether the party 
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commencing the action has sought or exhausted 
any available administrative remedies. 
‘‘(C) INTERVENTION OF ATTORNEY GEN-
ERAL.—A court may, in its discretion, permit 
the Attorney General to intervene in a civil ac-
tion brought under subparagraph (A) if the At-
torney General certifies that the action is of 
general public importance.’’. 
Æ 
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