H. Res. 349 
In the House of Representatives, U. S., 
November 18, 2020. 
Whereas the United States and Japan established diplomatic 
relations on March 31, 1854, with the signing of the 
Treaty of Peace and Amity; 
Whereas for more than the past 70 years, the partnership be-
tween the United States and Japan has played a vital 
role in ensuring peace, stability, and economic develop-
ment in Asia and beyond; 
Whereas the United States and Japan are deeply committed 
to the common values of freedom, democracy, rule of law, 
and free market economies; 
Whereas the current United States-Japan alliance, forged 
over six decades ago with the signing of the Treaty of 
Mutual Cooperation and Security, is the cornerstone for 
stability and prosperity of Japan and for the Indo-Pacific 
region, and plays a key role in global peace and stability; 
Whereas the United States and Japan are indispensable part-
ners in combating the proliferation of weapons of mass 
destruction, improving global health, countering human 
trafficking and promoting human rights, assisting the 
victims of conflict and disaster worldwide, and contrib-
uting to global economic development;
•HRES 349 EH 
Whereas the United States and Japan have worked closely 
during the COVID–19 pandemic to safely repatriate our 
respective citizens home and to strengthen our collabora-
tion on global health research and development through 
partnerships such as the United States-Japan Coopera-
tive Medical Science Program; 
Whereas the United States and Japan are partnering to pro-
mote infrastructure investments around the Indo-Pacific 
that ensure openness, transparency, economic efficiency, 
and debt sustainability, including through the United 
States-Japan Mekong Power partnership and the United 
States-Japan Strategic Energy Partnership; 
Whereas the United States, Japan, and Australia announced 
in November 2019 the establishment of a Blue Dot Net-
work that will promote transparent and quality infra-
structure projects that align with the G20 Principles for 
Quality Infrastructure Investment; 
Whereas the alliance is a testament to the ability of great na-
tions to overcome the past and jointly work to create a 
more secure and prosperous future; 
Whereas approximately 54,000 United States troops are sta-
tioned in Japan and the Japanese Government makes 
substantial financial commitments to the maintenance of 
United States forces in Japan under the Special Meas-
ures Agreement and other contributions that directly sup-
port operational readiness of United States forces in 
Japan; 
Whereas the current United States-Japan Special Measures 
Agreement is set to expire in March 2021, and the two 
countries launched working-level negotiations on a new 
cost-sharing agreement in October 2020;
•HRES 349 EH 
Whereas, in October 2020, the United States, Australia, 
India, and Japan continued their ongoing cooperation 
through the quad framework and discussed collective ef-
forts to collaborate on COVID–19 pandemic response, 
maritime security, cybersecurity, quality infrastructure, 
counterterrorism, and other areas; 
Whereas our two countries, coming from different cultural 
backgrounds, have created an active and dynamic rela-
tionship beneficial to both peoples; and 
Whereas cultural and people-to-people ties between the 
United States and Japan are long-standing and deep, as 
exemplified by the gift of the beautiful cherry trees that 
dot our nation’s capital from the People of Japan to the 
People of the United States in 1912, signifying the affec-
tion and respect between the two nations: Now, therefore, 
be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) reaffirms the vital role of the United States- 
Japan alliance in promoting peace, stability, and pros-
perity in the Indo-Pacific region and beyond; 
(2) supports the conclusion of an equitable, new 
United States-Japan Special Measures Agreement that 
is negotiated based on our shared national interests, 
prior to the expiration of the current agreement; 
(3) supports cooperation between the United States, 
Japan, and other like-minded partners to promote high- 
quality infrastructure, energy, and development projects 
that are open, transparent, and sustainable;
•HRES 349 EH 
(4) underscores the importance of the close people- 
to-people and cultural ties between our two nations; 
(5) calls for the continued robust cooperation be-
tween the United States and Japan in the global fight 
against COVID–19, and supports the Japanese Govern-
ment’s commitment to hosting the Olympic Games in 
2021; 
(6) calls for the strengthening and broadening of 
diplomatic, economic, and security ties between the 
United States and Japan; 
(7) reaffirms the vital role of the Quadrilateral Se-
curity Dialogue as a platform to facilitate further col-
laboration between the United States, Australia, India, 
and Japan on matters related to protecting freedom of 
navigation and promoting democratic values in the Indo- 
Pacific; and 
(8) calls for the continued cooperation between the 
Governments of the United States and Japan in address-
ing global challenges that threaten the security of people 
everywhere in the ‘‘Reiwa’’ era of Japan, which the Jap-
anese Government translates as ‘‘beautiful harmony’’. 
Attest: 
Clerk.