(1) to the extent specifically required by Fed-
eral law, an order of the FCC, or an international 
coordination agreement designed solely to prevent 
harmful interference; or 
(2) for limited periods necessary to mitigate an 
imminent threat to the integrity or security of the 
licensee’s network, provided that normal coverage is 
restored as soon as practicable. 
(b) INTERNATIONAL ADVOCACY.—The Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and 
the FCC, shall oppose at the International Telecommuni-
cation Union (ITU) or any successor body any proposal 
that would compel or encourage geographic exclusion of 
Iran specifically from satellite or DTC coverage provided 
by United States–licensed operators. 
(c) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter for 5 years, the Secretary of State shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report de-
scribing— 
(1) actions taken pursuant to subsection (b); 
and 
(2) any instances in which a satellite or DTC 
operator intentionally excluded coverage of Iran and 
the basis for such exclusion. 
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(d) SAVING CLAUSE.—Nothing in this section may 
be construed to— 
(1) authorize any transaction or service that is 
prohibited under United States sanctions laws or 
regulations, including those administered by the Of-
fice of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of 
the Treasury; or 
(2) require a licensee to market, sell, activate, 
or collect payment for services in Iran. 
SEC. 5. CYBERSECURITY CAPACITY FOR CIVIL SOCIETY IN 
IRAN. 
(a) TRAINING AND TOOLS.—The Secretary of State, 
acting through the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, 
and Labor, shall, not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, establish programs to— 
(1) deliver remote or in-person cybersecurity 
training to journalists, human-rights defenders, and 
civil-society actors in Iran; 
(2) furnish vetted open-source or commercially 
available digital-safety tools, including VPN services 
and end-to-end encrypted messaging applications; 
and 
(3) provide multilingual educational materials 
that warn Iranian users about regime-controlled ap-
plications and phishing campaigns. 
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(b) REPORTING AND EVALUATION.— 
(1) QUARTERLY
METRICS.—The Secretary of 
State shall track and, on a quarterly basis, make 
available to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees aggregate metrics on the number of trainees, in-
cident-response cases, and unique users of supported 
digital-safety tools. 
(2) INDEPENDENT
EVALUATION.—Not later 
than 3 years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees an evaluation of the effectiveness of the pro-
grams carried out under this section. 
(c) SAVINGS CLAUSE.—Nothing in this section may 
be construed to supersede or limit existing authority under 
section 404 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria 
Human Rights Act of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8754) or any other 
provision of law related to internet freedom programming 
in Iran. 
SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary of State $15,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2027 and 2028 to carry out sections 5 and 
6 of this Act, including programs that expand access to 
secure VPN services for individuals in Iran. 
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(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts appropriated pursuant 
to subsection (a) shall remain available until expended. 
SEC. 7. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to— 
(1) limit the authority of the President under 
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); 
(2) authorize any transaction prohibited under 
United States sanctions or export-control laws; or 
(3) require any United States person to provide 
goods, services, or technology in violation of such 
laws. 
SEC. 8. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence, and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Select Committee on Intel-
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ligence, and the Committee on Appropriations 
of the Senate. 
(2) ESIM TECHNOLOGY.—The term ‘‘eSIM 
technology’’ means embedded subscriber-identity- 
module technology that allows a user to remotely ac-
tivate cellular service on a compatible device without 
a physical SIM card. 
(3) VPN SERVICES.—The term ‘‘VPN services’’ 
means encrypted internet connections designed to 
bypass a government’s censorship and surveillance, 
enabling secure and unrestricted access to the open 
internet. 
Æ 
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