law, the United States should seek to work with the Rus-
sian Federation to develop comprehensive inventories of 
Russian highly enriched uranium, weapons-grade pluto-
nium, and assembled warheads, with special attention to 
be focused on tactical warheads and warheads that are 
no longer operationally deployed. 
(d) DATA EXCHANGES.—As part of the development 
of inventories under subsection (c), to the maximum ex-
tent practicable and without jeopardizing United States 
national security interests, the United States may ex-
change data with the Russian Federation on categories of 
material and weapons described in subsection (c). 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than 12 months after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter 
until a comprehensive inventory is created and the infor-
mation collected from the inventory is exchanged between 
the United States and the Russian Federation, the Presi-
dent shall submit to Congress a report, in both classified 
and unclassified form as necessary, describing the 
progress that has been made toward creating an inventory 
and exchanging the information. 
SEC. 302. ESTABLISHMENT OF DUMA-CONGRESS NUCLEAR 
THREAT REDUCTION WORKING GROUP. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF WORKING GROUP.—There 
is hereby established a working group to be known as the
‘‘Nuclear Threat Reduction Working Group’’ as an inter-
parliamentary group of the United States and the Russian 
Federation. 
(b) PURPOSE OF WORKING GROUP.—The purpose of 
the Working Group established by subsection (a) shall be 
to explore means to enhance cooperation between the 
United States and the Russian Federation with respect 
to nuclear nonproliferation and security, and such other 
issues related to reducing nuclear weapons dangers as the 
delegations from the two legislative bodies may consider 
appropriate. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP.—(1) The majority leader of the 
Senate, after consultation with the minority leader of the 
Senate, shall appoint 10 Senators to the Working Group 
established by subsection (a). 
(2) The Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
after consultation with the minority leader of the House 
of Representatives, shall appoint 30 Representatives to the 
Working Group. 
SEC. 303. JOINT UNITED STATES/NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 
ORGANIZATION COOPERATION WITH RUSSIA 
ON THEATER-LEVEL BALLISTIC MISSILE DE-
FENSES. 
(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the President should seek to ensure that the United
States takes the lead in arranging for the United States, 
in conjunction with the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion, to enter into appropriate cooperative relationships 
with the Russian Federation with respect to the develop-
ment and deployment of theater-level ballistic missile de-
fenses. 
(b) PURPOSE OF COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIPS.—It 
is the policy of the United States—
(1) that the purpose of the cooperative relation-
ships described in subsection (a) is to increase trans-
parency and confidence with the Russian Federation; 
(2) that United States defense and security co-
operation with the Russian Federation should con-
tribute to defining a new bilateral strategic frame-
work that is not rooted in the concept of ‘‘mutual 
assured destruction’’; and 
(3) that that new bilateral strategic framework 
should be based upon improving the security of the 
United States and the Russian Federation by pro-
moting transparency and confidence between the two 
countries. 
(c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall transmit to Congress a report (in unclassified or clas-
sified form as necessary) on the feasibility of increasing
cooperation with the Russian Federation on the subject 
of theater-level ballistic missile defenses and on the pur-
poses and objectives set forth in subsection (b). The report 
shall include—
(1) recommendations from the Department of 
Defense and Missile Defense Agency; 
(2) a threat assessment; and 
(3) an assessment of possible benefits to missile 
defense programs of the United States. 
SEC. 304. ENCOURAGEMENT OF ENHANCED COLLABORA-
TION TO ACHIEVE MORE RELIABLE RUSSIAN 
EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) the innovative United States-Russian space-
based remote sensor research and development pro-
gram known as the Russian-American Observation 
Satellite (RAMOS) program addresses a variety of 
defense concerns while promoting enhanced trans-
parency and confidence between the United States 
and the Russian Federation; and 
(2) an initial concept of co-orbiting United 
States and Russian satellites for simultaneous stereo 
observations is complete and should be continued. 
(b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States—
(1) to encourage joint efforts by the United 
States and the Russian Federation to reduce the 
chances of a Russian nuclear attack anywhere in the 
world as the result of misinformation or miscalcula-
tion by developing the capabilities and increasing the 
reliability of Russian ballistic missile early-warning 
systems, including the Russian-American Observa-
tion Satellite (RAMOS) program; and 
(2) to encourage other United States-Russian 
programs to ensure that the Russia Federation has 
reliable information, including real-time data, re-
garding launches of ballistic missiles anywhere in the 
world. 
(c) INTERIM RAMOS FUNDING.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall ensure that, pending the execution of a new 
agreement between the United States and the Russian 
Federation providing for the conduct of the RAMOS pro-
gram, sufficient amounts of funds appropriated for that 
program are used in order to ensure the satisfactory con-
tinuation of that program during fiscal years 2004 and 
2005. 
SEC. 305. TELLER-KURCHATOV ALLIANCE FOR PEACE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) Edward Teller of the United States and 
Igor Kurchatov of the former Soviet Union were ar-
chitects of the nuclear weapons programs in their re-
spective countries; 
(2) these outstanding individuals both expressed 
a longing for peace and opposition to war; and 
(3) as the United States and the Russian Fed-
eration work together to redirect the nations of the 
world towards the peaceful use of nuclear energy, 
seeking to improve the quality of life for all human 
beings, it is appropriate to establish an alliance for 
peace in the names of Edward Teller and Igor 
Kurchatov. 
(b) TELLER-KURCHATOV ALLIANCE FOR PEACE.—
(1) The Secretary of Energy shall seek to enter into an 
agreement with the Minister of Atomic Energy of the Rus-
sian Federation to carry out a cooperative venture, to be 
known as the Teller-Kurchatov Alliance for Peace, to de-
velop and promote peaceful, safe, and environmentally 
sensitive uses of nuclear energy. 
(2) The cooperative venture referred to in paragraph 
(1) shall involve the national security laboratories of the 
National Nuclear Security Administration and the labora-
tories of the Ministry of Atomic Energy and the 
Kurchatov Institute of the Russian Federation. 
(3) The cooperative venture shall be directed by two 
co-chairs, one each from the United States and the Rus-
sian Federation. The co-chair from the United States shall 
serve for a term of two years and shall be designated by 
the Administrator for Nuclear Security from among offi-
cials of the three national security laboratories, with each 
laboratory represented on a rotating basis. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— There is 
authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 
2005 to the Department of Energy a total of $5,000,000 
to carry out the cooperative venture referred to in sub-
section (b). 
SEC. 306. NONPROLIFERATION FELLOWSHIPS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—(1) From amounts made available 
to carry out this section, the Administrator for Nuclear 
Security may carry out a program under which the Ad-
ministrator awards, to scientists employed at the 
Kurchatov Institute of the Russian Federation and Law-
rence Livermore National Laboratory, international ex-
change fellowships, to be known as Teller-Kurchatov Fel-
lowships, in the nuclear nonproliferation sciences. 
(2) The purpose of the program shall be to provide 
opportunities for advancement in the field of nuclear non-
proliferation to scientists who, as demonstrated by their 
academic or professional achievements, show particular 
promise of making significant contributions in that field.
(3) A fellowship awarded to a scientist under the pro-
gram shall be for study and training at (and, where appro-
priate, at an institution of higher education in the vicinity 
of)—
(A) the Kurchatov Institute, in the case of a 
scientist employed at Lawrence Livermore National 
Laboratory; and 
(B) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 
in the case of a scientist employed at the Kurchatov 
Institute. 
(4) The duration of a fellowship under the program 
may not exceed two years. The Administrator may provide 
for a longer duration in an individual case to the extent 
warranted by extraordinary circumstances, as determined 
by the Administrator. 
(5) In a calendar year, the Administrator may not 
award more than—
(A) one fellowship to a scientist employed at the 
Kurchatov Institute; and 
(B) one fellowship to a scientist employed at 
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. 
(6) A fellowship under the program shall include—
(A) travel expenses;
(B) any tuition and fees at an institution of 
higher education for study or training under the fel-
lowship; and 
(C) any other expenses that the Administrator 
considers appropriate, such as room and board. 
(b) FUNDING.—Amounts available to the Depart-
ment of Energy for defense nuclear nonproliferation ac-
tivities shall be available for the fellowships authorized by 
subsection (a). 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section—
(1) the term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ 
means a college, university, or other educational in-
stitution that is empowered by an appropriate au-
thority, as determined by the Administrator, to 
award degrees higher than the baccalaureate level; 
(2) the term ‘‘nuclear nonproliferation sciences’’ 
means bodies of scientific knowledge relevant to de-
veloping or advancing the means to prevent or im-
pede the proliferation of nuclear weaponry; and 
(3) the term ‘‘scientist’’ means an individual 
who has a degree from an institution of higher edu-
cation in a science that has practical application in 
the field of nuclear nonproliferation.
TITLE IV—OTHER 
SEC. 401. PROMOTION OF DISCUSSIONS ON NUCLEAR AND 
RADIOLOGICAL SECURITY AND SAFETY BE-
TWEEN THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-
ERGY AGENCY AND THE ORGANIZATION FOR 
ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOP-
MENT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) cooperative programs to control potential 
threats from any fissile and radiological materials, 
whatever and wherever their sources, should be ex-
panded to include additional states and international 
organizations; and 
(2) addressing issues of nuclear weapons and 
materials, as well as the issue of radiological dis-
persal bombs, in new forums around the world is 
crucial to the generation of innovative mechanisms 
directed at addressing the threats. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING INITIATION OF 
DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE IAEA AND THE OECD.—It is 
the sense of Congress that—
(1) the United States should seek to initiate 
discussions between the International Atomic Energy 
Agency and the Organization for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development for the purpose of exploring
issues of nuclear and radiological security and safe-
ty, including the creation of new sources of revenue 
(including debt reduction) for states to provide nu-
clear security; and 
(2) the discussions referred to in paragraph (1) 
should also provide a forum to explore possible 
sources of funds in support of the G–8 Global Part-
nership Against the Spread of Weapons and Mate-
rials of Mass Destruction. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 12 months after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to Congress a report on—
(1) the efforts made by the United States to 
initiate the discussions described in subsection (b); 
(2) the results of those efforts; and 
(3) any plans for further discussions and the 
purposes of such discussions.
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