163 
the period at the end the following: ‘‘, including the estab-
lishment of at least 5 bioresearch centers of varying sizes, 
as appropriate, that focus on biofuels, of which at least 
1 center shall be located in each of the 5 Petroleum Ad-
ministration for Defense Districts, which shall be estab-
lished for a period of 5 years, after which the grantee may 
reapply for selection on a competitive basis’’. 
SEC. 4407. GRANTS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT IN CERTAIN STATES. 
(a) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
grants to eligible entities for research, development, dem-
onstration, and commercial application of biofuel produc-
tion technologies in States with low rates of ethanol pro-
duction, including low rates of production of cellulosic bio-
mass ethanol, as determined by the Secretary. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this section, an entity shall— 
(1)(A) be an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)) located in a State de-
scribed in subsection (a); or 
(B) be a consortium including at least 1 such 
institution of higher education, and industry, State 
agencies, Indian tribal agencies, National Labora-
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164 
tories, or local government agencies located in the 
State; and 
(2) have proven experience and capabilities with 
relevant technologies. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
out this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2010. 
SEC. 4408. BIOREFINERY ENERGY EFFICIENCY. 
Section 932 of Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16232), is amended by adding at the end the following 
new subsections: 
‘‘(g) BIOREFINERY ENERGY EFFICIENCY.—The Sec-
retary shall establish a program of research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application for increasing 
energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption in the 
operation of biorefinery facilities. 
‘‘(h) RETROFIT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOP-
MENT OF ETHANOL FROM CELLULOSIC MATERIALS.— 
The Secretary shall establish a program of research, devel-
opment, demonstration, and commercial application on 
technologies and processes to enable biorefineries that ex-
clusively use corn grain or corn starch as a feedstock to 
produce ethanol to be retrofitted to accept a range of bio-
mass, including lignocellulosic feedstocks.’’. 
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165 
SEC. 4409. STUDY OF INCREASED CONSUMPTION OF ETH-
ANOL-BLENDED 
GASOLINE 
WITH 
HIGHER 
LEVELS OF ETHANOL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in cooperation 
with the Secretary of Agriculture, the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency, and the Secretary of 
Transportation, shall conduct a study of the methods of 
increasing consumption in the United States of ethanol- 
blended gasoline with levels of ethanol that are not less 
than 10 percent and not more than 40 percent. 
(b) STUDY.—The study under subsection (a) shall in-
clude— 
(1) a review of production and infrastructure 
constraints on increasing consumption of ethanol; 
(2) an evaluation of the environmental con-
sequences of the ethanol blends described in sub-
section (a) on evaporative and exhaust emissions 
from on-road, off-road, and marine vehicle engines; 
(3) an evaluation of the consequences of the 
ethanol blends described in subsection (a) on the op-
eration, durability, and performance of on-road, off- 
road, and marine vehicle engines; and 
(4) an evaluation of the life cycle impact of the 
use of the ethanol blends described in subsection (a) 
on carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions. 
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166 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report describing the results of the study con-
ducted under this section. 
SEC. 4410. STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION OF FLEXIBLE FUELED 
VEHICLES TO USE E–85 FUEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Transportation, shall conduct a 
study of whether optimizing flexible fueled vehicles to op-
erate using E–85 fuel would increase the fuel efficiency 
of flexible fueled vehicles. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 
of Representatives the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate a report that describes the results 
of the study under this section, including any rec-
ommendations of the Secretary. 
SEC. 4411. STUDY OF ENGINE DURABILITY AND PERFORM-
ANCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF BIO-
DIESEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate 
a study on the effects of the use of biodiesel on the per-
formance and durability of engines and engine systems. 
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167 
(b) COMPONENTS.—The study under this section 
shall include— 
(1) an assessment of whether the use of bio-
diesel lessens the durability and performance of con-
ventional diesel engines and engine systems; and 
(2) an assessment of the effects referred to in 
subsection (a) with respect to biodiesel blends at 
varying concentrations, including the following per-
centage concentrations of biodiesel: 
(A) 5 percent biodiesel. 
(B) 10 percent biodiesel. 
(C) 20 percent biodiesel. 
(D) 30 percent biodiesel. 
(E) 100 percent biodiesel. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 24 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 
of Representatives the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate a report that describes the results 
of the study under this section, including any rec-
ommendations of the Secretary. 
SEC. 4412. BIOENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AU-
THORIZATION OF APPROPRIATION. 
(a) Section 931 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16231) is amended— 
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(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) at the end of paragraph (2) by striking 
‘‘and’’; 
(B) at the end of paragraph (3) by striking 
the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) $963,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$251,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$377,000,000’’; 
(B) 
in 
paragraph 
(3), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$274,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$398,000,000’’; 
and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) $419,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, of 
which $150,000,00 shall be for section 932(d).’’. 
SEC. 4413. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT. 
(a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 977 of the Energy Pol-
icy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘and com-
putational biology’’ and inserting ‘‘computational bi-
ology, and environmental science’’; and 
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397 
regional organizations, universities, nongovernmental 
organizations, or the private sector. 
(6) REGIONAL
INFORMATION
COORDINATION 
ENTITIES.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘Regional In-
formation Coordination Entity’’, subject to sub-
paragraphs (B) and (C), means an organiza-
tional body that is certified or established by 
the lead Federal agency designated in sub-
section (d)(3)(C)(iii) and coordinating State, 
Federal, local, and private interests at a re-
gional level with the responsibility of engaging 
the private and public sectors in designing, op-
erating, and improving regional coastal and 
ocean observing systems in order to ensure the 
provision of data and information that meet the 
needs of user groups from the respective re-
gions. 
(B) INCLUDED ASSOCIATIONS.—Such term 
includes Regional Associations as described by 
the System Plan. 
(C) LIMITATION.—Nothing in this section 
shall be construed to invalidate existing certifi-
cations, contracts, or agreements between Re-
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