SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds that— 
(1) current supply chains of critical minerals 
pose a great risk to the national security of the 
United States; 
(2) critical minerals are necessary for transpor-
tation, technology, renewable energy, military equip-
ment and machinery, and other relevant sectors cru-
cial for the homeland and national security of the 
United States; 
(3) in 2022, the United States was 100 percent 
import reliant for 12 out of 50 critical minerals and 
more than 50 percent import reliant for an addi-
tional 31 critical mineral commodities classified as 
‘‘critical’’ by the United States Geological Survey, 
and the People’s Republic of China was the top pro-
ducing nation for 30 of those 50 critical minerals; 
(4) as of July 2023, companies based in the 
People’s Republic of China that extract critical min-
erals around the world have received hundreds of 
charges of human rights violations; and 
(5) on August 29, 2014, the World Trade Or-
ganization Dispute Settlement Body adopted find-
ings that the export restraints by the People’s Re-
public of China on rare Earth metals, which harmed 
manufacturers and workers in the United States, 
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violated obligations under the General Agreement on 
Tariffs and Trade 1994 and China’s Protocol of Ac-
cession to the World Trade Organization. 
SEC. 3. INTERGOVERNMENTAL CRITICAL MINERALS TASK 
FORCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 5 of the National Mate-
rials and Minerals Policy, Research and Development Act 
of 1980 (30 U.S.C. 1604) is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(g) INTERGOVERNMENTAL
CRITICAL
MINERALS 
TASK FORCE.— 
‘‘(1) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the task 
force established under paragraph (3)(B) are— 
‘‘(A) to assess the reliance of the United 
States on the People’s Republic of China, and 
other covered countries, for critical minerals, 
and the resulting national security risks associ-
ated with that reliance; 
‘‘(B) to make recommendations to the 
President for the implementation of this Act 
with regard to critical minerals, including— 
‘‘(i) the congressional declarations of 
policies in section 3; and 
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‘‘(ii) revisions to the program plan of 
the President and the initiatives required 
under this section; 
‘‘(C) to make recommendations to secure 
United States supply chains for critical min-
erals; 
‘‘(D) to make recommendations to reduce 
the reliance of the United States, and partners 
and allies of the United States, on critical min-
eral supply chains involving covered countries; 
and 
‘‘(E) consistent with ongoing efforts of 
other Federal departments, agencies, and other 
entities, to facilitate cooperation, coordination, 
and mutual accountability among each level of 
the Federal Government, Indian Tribes, and 
State, local, and territorial governments, on a 
holistic response to the dependence on covered 
countries for critical minerals across the United 
States. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
‘‘(A) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘appropriate committees of 
Congress’ means— 
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‘‘(i) the Committees on Homeland Se-
curity and Governmental Affairs, Energy 
and Natural Resources, Armed Services, 
Environment and Public Works, Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation, Fi-
nance, and Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; and 
‘‘(ii) the Committees on Oversight and 
Government Reform, Natural Resources, 
Armed Services, Ways and Means, Foreign 
Affairs, and Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives. 
‘‘(B) CHAIRPERSON; CO-CHAIRPERSON.— 
The terms ‘Chairperson’ and ‘Co-Chairperson’, 
respectively, mean the Chairperson or Co-Chair-
person of the task force designated by the 
President pursuant to paragraph (3)(A). 
‘‘(C) COVERED COUNTRY.—The term ‘cov-
ered country’ means— 
‘‘(i) a covered nation (as defined in 
section 4872(d) of title 10, United States 
Code); and 
‘‘(ii) any other country determined by 
the task force to be a geostrategic compet-
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itor or adversary of the United States with 
respect to critical minerals. 
‘‘(D) CRITICAL MINERAL.—The term ‘crit-
ical mineral’ has the meaning given the term 
‘critical material’ in section 7002(a) of the En-
ergy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606(a)). 
‘‘(E) INDIAN
TRIBE.—The term ‘Indian 
Tribe’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
‘‘(F) TASK FORCE.—The term ‘task force’ 
means the task force established under para-
graph (3)(B). 
‘‘(3) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this subsection, the 
President shall— 
‘‘(A) designate a Chairperson, or 2 individ-
uals as Co-Chairpersons, for the task force, who 
shall be— 
‘‘(i) the Assistant to the President for 
National Security Affairs; 
‘‘(ii) the Assistant to the President for 
Economic Policy; or 
‘‘(iii) another relevant member of the 
Executive Office of the President; and 
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‘‘(B) acting through the Executive Office 
of the President, establish a task force. 
‘‘(4) COMPOSITION; MEETINGS.— 
‘‘(A) APPOINTMENT.—The Chairperson or 
Co-Chairpersons, in consultation with key inter-
governmental, private, and public sector stake-
holders, shall appoint to the task force rep-
resentatives with expertise in critical mineral 
supply chains from Federal agencies, including 
not less than 1 representative from each of— 
‘‘(i) the Bureau of Indian Affairs; 
‘‘(ii) the Bureau of Land Manage-
ment; 
‘‘(iii) the Critical Minerals Sub-
committee of the National Science and 
Technology Council; 
‘‘(iv) the Department of Agriculture; 
‘‘(v) the Department of Commerce; 
‘‘(vi) the Department of Defense; 
‘‘(vii) the Department of Energy; 
‘‘(viii) the Department of Homeland 
Security; 
‘‘(ix) the Department of the Interior; 
‘‘(x) the Department of Labor; 
‘‘(xi) the Department of State; 
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‘‘(xii) the Department of Transpor-
tation; 
‘‘(xiii) the Environmental Protection 
Agency; 
‘‘(xiv) the Export-Import Bank of the 
United States; 
‘‘(xv) the Forest Service; 
‘‘(xvi) the General Services Adminis-
tration; 
‘‘(xvii) the National Economic Coun-
cil; 
‘‘(xviii) the National Science Founda-
tion; 
‘‘(xix) the National Security Council; 
‘‘(xx) the Office of Management and 
Budget; 
‘‘(xxi) the Office of the United States 
Trade Representative; 
‘‘(xxii) 
the 
United 
States 
Inter-
national Development Finance Corpora-
tion; 
‘‘(xxiii) the United States Geological 
Survey; and 
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‘‘(xxiv) any other relevant Federal en-
tity, as determined by the Chairperson or 
Co-Chairpersons. 
‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—The task force 
shall consult individuals with expertise in crit-
ical mineral supply chains, individuals from 
States whose communities, businesses, and in-
dustries are involved in aspects of critical min-
eral supply chains, including mining and proc-
essing operations, and individuals from a di-
verse and balanced cross-section of— 
‘‘(i) intergovernmental consultees, in-
cluding— 
‘‘(I) State governments; 
‘‘(II) local governments; 
‘‘(III) 
territorial 
governments; 
and 
‘‘(IV) Indian Tribes; and 
‘‘(ii) other stakeholders, including— 
‘‘(I) academic research institu-
tions; 
‘‘(II) corporations; 
‘‘(III) nonprofit organizations; 
‘‘(IV) private sector stakeholders; 
‘‘(V) trade associations; 
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‘‘(VI) mining industry stake-
holders; and 
‘‘(VII) labor representatives. 
‘‘(C) MEETINGS.— 
‘‘(i) INITIAL
MEETING.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date on which all 
representatives of the task force have been 
appointed, the task force shall hold the 
first meeting of the task force. 
‘‘(ii) FREQUENCY.—The task force 
shall meet not less than once every 90 
days. 
‘‘(5) DUTIES.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The duties of the task 
force shall include— 
‘‘(i) facilitating cooperation, coordina-
tion, and mutual accountability for the 
Federal Government, Indian Tribes, and 
State, local, and territorial governments to 
enhance data sharing and transparency to 
build more robust and secure domestic 
supply chains for critical minerals in sup-
port of the purposes described in para-
graph (1); 
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‘‘(ii) providing recommendations with 
respect to— 
‘‘(I) increasing capacities for 
mining, 
exploration, 
beneficiation, 
processing, refinement, reuse, and re-
cycling of critical minerals in the 
United States to facilitate the envi-
ronmentally responsible production of 
domestic resources to meet national 
critical mineral needs, in consultation 
with Tribal and local communities; 
‘‘(II) identifying how statutes, 
regulations, and policies related to the 
critical mineral supply chain, such as 
stockpiling and development finance, 
could be modified to accelerate envi-
ronmentally responsible domestic and 
international production of critical 
minerals, in consultation with Indian 
Tribes and local communities; 
‘‘(III) strengthening the domestic 
workforce to support growing critical 
mineral supply chains with good-pay-
ing, safe jobs in the United States; 
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‘‘(IV) identifying alternative do-
mestic sources to critical minerals 
that the United States currently relies 
on the People’s Republic of China or 
other covered countries for mining, 
processing, refining, and recycling, in-
cluding the availability, capacity, cost, 
and quality of those domestic alter-
natives; 
‘‘(V) identifying critical minerals 
and critical mineral supply chains that 
the United States can onshore, in 
whole or in part, at a competitive 
value and quality, for those minerals 
and supply chains that the United 
States relies on the People’s Republic 
of China or other covered countries to 
provide; 
‘‘(VI) opportunities for the Fed-
eral Government, Indian Tribes, and 
State, local, and territorial govern-
ments to mitigate risks to the national 
security of the United States with re-
spect to supply chains for critical min-
erals that the United States currently 
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relies on the People’s Republic of 
China or other covered countries for 
mining, processing, refining, and recy-
cling; and 
‘‘(VII) evaluating and integrating 
the recommendations of the Critical 
Minerals Subcommittee of the Na-
tional Science and Technology Council 
into the recommendations of the task 
force; 
‘‘(iii) prioritizing the recommendations 
in clause (ii), taking into consideration eco-
nomic costs and focusing on the critical 
mineral supply chains with vulnerabilities 
posing the most significant risks to the na-
tional security of the United States; 
‘‘(iv) recommending specific strate-
gies, to be carried out in coordination with 
the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
Commerce, to strengthen international 
partnerships in furtherance of critical min-
erals supply chain security with inter-
national allies and partners, including a 
strategy to collaborate with governments of 
the allies and partners described in sub-
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paragraph (B) to develop advanced mining, 
refining, separation and processing tech-
nologies; and 
‘‘(v) other duties, as determined by 
the Chairperson or Co-Chairpersons. 
‘‘(B) ALLIES AND PARTNERS.—The allies 
and partners referred to in subparagraph (A) 
include— 
‘‘(i) countries participating in the 
Quadrilateral Security Dialogue; 
‘‘(ii) countries that are signatories to 
the Abraham Accords; and 
‘‘(iii) countries that are members of 
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 
‘‘(C) REPORT.—The Chairperson or Co- 
Chairpersons shall— 
‘‘(i) not later than 60 days after the 
date of enactment of this subsection, and 
every 60 days thereafter until the require-
ments under subsection (a) are satisfied, 
brief the appropriate committees of Con-
gress on the status of the compliance of 
the President with completing the require-
ments under that subsection; 
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‘‘(ii) not later than 2 years after the 
date of enactment of this subsection, sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress a report, which shall be submitted in 
unclassified form, but may include a classi-
fied annex, that describes any findings, 
guidelines, and recommendations created 
in performing the duties under subpara-
graph (A); 
‘‘(iii) not later than 120 days after 
the date on which the Chairperson or Co- 
Chairpersons submits the report under 
clause (ii), publish that report in the Fed-
eral Register, except that the Chairperson 
or Co-Chairpersons shall redact informa-
tion from the report that the Chairperson 
or Co-Chairpersons determines could pose 
a risk to the national security of the 
United States by being publicly available; 
and 
‘‘(iv) brief the appropriate committees 
of Congress twice per year. 
‘‘(6) DUPLICATION
OF
EFFORT.—The Chair-
person or Co-Chairpersons, to the maximum extent 
practicable, shall carry out the task force in a man-
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ner that does not duplicate the efforts of other Fed-
eral departments, agencies, or other entities. 
‘‘(7) SUNSET.—The task force shall terminate 
on the date that is 90 days after the date on which 
the task force completes the requirements under 
paragraph (5)(C). 
‘‘(8) NO
ADDITIONAL
FUNDS.—No additional 
funds are authorized to be appropriated for the pur-
pose of carrying out this subsection.’’. 
(b) GAO STUDY.— 
(1) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Comptroller Gen-
eral of the United States shall conduct a study ex-
amining the Federal and State regulatory landscape 
related to improving domestic supply chains for crit-
ical minerals in the United States. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
General of the United States shall submit to the ap-
propriate committees of Congress a report that de-
scribes the results of the study under paragraph (1). 
(3) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
(A) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of 
Congress’’ means— 
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(i) the Committees on Homeland Se-
curity and Governmental Affairs, Energy 
and Natural Resources, Armed Services, 
Environment and Public Works, Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation, Fi-
nance, and Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; and 
(ii) the Committees on Oversight and 
Government Reform, Natural Resources, 
Armed Services, Ways and Means, Foreign 
Affairs, and Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives. 
(B) CRITICAL MINERAL.—The term ‘‘crit-
ical mineral’’ has the meaning given the term 
‘‘critical material’’ in section 7002(a) of the 
Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606(a)). 
Æ 
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