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(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘or’’ at 
the end; 
(B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) as provided by subsection (b)(3)(B), a 
qualified institution of higher education.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (m)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), in the matter pre-
ceding subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘cyber’’ 
and inserting ‘‘cybersecurity’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘cyber’’ 
and inserting ‘‘cybersecurity’’. 
SEC. 5234. MODIFICATIONS TO FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLAR-
SHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM. 
Section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 
2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
(B) by striking paragraph (5) and inserting 
the following:
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† HR 6395 EAS 
‘‘(5) enter into an agreement accepting and ac-
knowledging the post award employment obligations, 
pursuant to section (d); 
‘‘(6) accept and acknowledge the conditions of 
support under section (g); and 
‘‘(7) accept all terms and conditions of a scholar-
ship under this section.’’; 
(2) in subsection (g)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘the Of-
fice of Personnel Management, in coordination 
with the National Science Foundation, and’’ be-
fore ‘‘the qualified institution’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘; 
or’’ and inserting a semicolon; and 
(ii) by striking subparagraph (E) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(E) fails to maintain or fulfill any of the 
post-graduation or post-award obligations or re-
quirements of the individual; or 
‘‘(F) fails to fulfill the requirements of 
paragraph (1).’’; 
(3) in subsection (h)(2), by inserting ‘‘and the 
Director of the Office of Personnel Management’’ after 
‘‘Foundation’’;
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(4) in subsection (k)(1)(A), by striking ‘‘and the 
Director’’ and all that follows and inserting ‘‘, the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation, and the 
Director of the Office of Personnel Management of the 
amounts owed; and’’; and 
(5) in subsection (m)(2), by striking ‘‘once every 
3 years’’ and all that follows and inserting ‘‘once 
every 2 years, to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation and the Committee on 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology and the Committee on Oversight and Re-
form of the House of Representatives a report, includ-
ing—’’ 
(A) ‘‘the results of the evaluation under 
paragraph (1);’’ 
(B) ‘‘the disparity in any reporting between 
scholarship recipients and their respective insti-
tutions of higher education; and’’ 
(C) ‘‘any recent statistics regarding the size, 
composition, and educational requirements of the 
Federal cyber workforce.’’
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SEC. 5235. CYBERSECURITY IN PROGRAMS OF THE NA-
TIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION. 
(a) COMPUTER SCIENCE AND CYBERSECURITY EDU-
CATION RESEARCH.—Section 310 of the American Innova-
tion and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s–7) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘and cy-
bersecurity’’ after ‘‘computer science’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; 
and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(E) tools and models for the integration of 
cybersecurity and other interdisciplinary efforts 
into computer science education and computa-
tional thinking at secondary and postsecondary 
levels of education.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘, cybersecu-
rity,’’ after ‘‘computing’’. 
(b) SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION.—Section 
3(j)(9) of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of
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† HR 6395 EAS 
1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i(j)(9)) is amended by inserting ‘‘and 
cybersecurity’’ after ‘‘computer science’’. 
(c) LOW-INCOME SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM.—Section 
414(d) of the American Competitiveness and Workforce Im-
provement Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘or computer 
science’’ and inserting ‘‘computer science, or cyberse-
curity’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2)(A)(iii), by inserting ‘‘cy-
bersecurity,’’ after ‘‘computer science,’’. 
(d) SCHOLARSHIPS AND GRADUATE FELLOWSHIPS.— 
The Director of the National Science Foundation shall en-
sure that students pursuing master’s degrees and doctoral 
degrees in fields relating to cybersecurity are considered as 
applicants for scholarships and graduate fellowships under 
the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under section 
10 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 
U.S.C. 1869). 
(e) PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR TEACHING EXCEL-
LENCE.—The Director of the National Science Foundation 
shall ensure that educators and mentors in fields relating 
to cybersecurity can be considered for— 
(1) Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathe-
matics and Science Teaching made under section 117
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of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act 
of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b); and 
(2) Presidential Awards for Excellence in STEM 
Mentoring administered under section 307 of the 
American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 
U.S.C. 1862s–6). 
SEC. 5236. CYBERSECURITY IN STEM PROGRAMS OF THE 
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMIN-
ISTRATION. 
In carrying out any STEM education program of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (referred 
to in this section as ‘‘NASA’’), including a program of the 
Office of STEM Engagement, the Administrator of NASA 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, encourage the in-
clusion of cybersecurity education opportunities in such 
program. 
SEC. 5237. CYBERSECURITY IN DEPARTMENT OF TRANS-
PORTATION PROGRAMS. 
(a) UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS PRO-
GRAM.—Section 5505 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2)(C), by inserting ‘‘in the 
matters described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) 
of section 6503(c)(1)’’ after ‘‘transportation leaders’’; 
and
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(2) in subsection (c)(3)(E)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, including the cybersecu-
rity implications of technologies relating to con-
nected vehicles, connected infrastructure, and au-
tonomous vehicles’’ after ‘‘autonomous vehicles’’; 
and 
(B) by striking ‘‘The Secretary’’ and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—A regional univer-
sity transportation center receiving a grant 
under this paragraph shall carry out re-
search focusing on 1 or more of the matters 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) 
of section 6503(c)(1). 
‘‘(ii) FOCUSED OBJECTIVES.—The Sec-
retary’’. 
(b) TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
5-YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN.—Section 6503(c)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (E), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (F), by inserting ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon at the end; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following:
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‘‘(G) reducing transportation cybersecurity 
risks;’’. 
SEC. 5238. NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY CHALLENGES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Cybersecurity En-
hancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7431 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 205. NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY CHALLENGES. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY 
CHALLENGES.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—To achieve high-priority 
breakthroughs in cybersecurity by 2028, the Secretary 
of Commerce shall establish the following national cy-
bersecurity challenges: 
‘‘(A) ECONOMICS OF A CYBER ATTACK.— 
Building more resilient systems that measurably 
and exponentially raise adversary costs of car-
rying out common cyber attacks. 
‘‘(B) CYBER TRAINING.— 
‘‘(i) Empowering the people of the 
United States with an appropriate and 
measurably sufficient level of digital lit-
eracy to make safe and secure decisions on-
line.
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‘‘(ii) Developing a cybersecurity work-
force with measurable skills to protect and 
maintain information systems. 
‘‘(C) EMERGING TECHNOLOGY.—Advancing 
cybersecurity efforts in response to emerging 
technology, such as artificial intelligence, quan-
tum science, and next generation communica-
tions technologies. 
‘‘(D) REIMAGINING
DIGITAL
IDENTITY.— 
Maintaining a high sense of usability while im-
proving the security and safety of online activity 
of individuals in the United States. 
‘‘(E) FEDERAL AGENCY RESILIENCE.—Re-
ducing cybersecurity risks to Federal networks 
and systems, and improving the response of Fed-
eral agencies to cybersecurity incidents on such 
networks and systems. 
‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—In establishing the chal-
lenges under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall co-
ordinate with the Secretary of Homeland Security on 
the challenges under subparagraphs (B) and (E) of 
such paragraph. 
‘‘(b) PURSUIT OF NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY CHAL-
LENGES.—
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† HR 6395 EAS 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this section, the Sec-
retary, acting through the Under Secretary of Com-
merce for Standards and Technology, shall commence 
efforts to pursue the national cybersecurity challenges 
established under subsection (a). 
‘‘(2) COMPETITIONS.—The efforts required by 
paragraph (1) shall include carrying out programs to 
award prizes, including cash and noncash prizes, 
competitively pursuant to the authorities and proc-
esses established under section 24 of the Stevenson- 
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3719) or any other applicable provision of law. 
‘‘(3) ADDITIONAL
AUTHORITIES.—In carrying 
out paragraph (1), the Secretary may enter into and 
perform such other transactions as the Secretary con-
siders necessary and on such terms as the Secretary 
considers appropriate. 
‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—In pursuing national cy-
bersecurity challenges under paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall coordinate with the following: 
‘‘(A) The Director of the National Science 
Foundation. 
‘‘(B) The Secretary of Homeland Security.
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† HR 6395 EAS 
‘‘(C) The Director of the Defense Advanced 
Research Projects Agency. 
‘‘(D) The Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy. 
‘‘(E) The Director of the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget. 
‘‘(F) The Administrator of the General 
Services Administration. 
‘‘(G) The Federal Trade Commission. 
‘‘(H) The heads of such other Federal agen-
cies as the Secretary of Commerce considers ap-
propriate for purposes of this section. 
‘‘(5) SOLICITATION OF ACCEPTANCE OF FUNDS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to section 24 
of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), the Secretary shall 
request and accept funds from other Federal 
agencies, State, United States territory, local, or 
tribal government agencies, private sector for- 
profit entities, and nonprofit entities to support 
efforts to pursue a national cybersecurity chal-
lenge under this section. 
‘‘(B) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in 
subparagraph (A) shall be construed to require 
any person or entity to provide funds or other-
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† HR 6395 EAS 
wise participate in an effort or competition 
under this section. 
‘‘(c) RECOMMENDATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this section, 
the Secretary of Commerce shall designate an advi-
sory council to seek recommendations. 
‘‘(2) 
ELEMENTS.—The 
recommendations 
re-
quired by paragraph (1) shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) A scope for efforts carried out under 
subsection (b). 
‘‘(B) Metrics to assess submissions for prizes 
under competitions carried out under subsection 
(b) as the submissions pertain to the national cy-
bersecurity challenges established under sub-
section (a). 
‘‘(3) NO ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION.—The Sec-
retary may not provide any additional compensation, 
except for travel expenses, to a member of the advisory 
council designated under paragraph (1) for participa-
tion in the advisory council.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 201(a)(1) of 
such Act is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (J), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon;
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(2) by redesignating subparagraph (K) as sub-
paragraph (L); and 
(3) by inserting after subparagraph (J) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(K) implementation of section 205 through 
research and development on the topics identified 
under subsection (a) of such section; and’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents in 
section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 204 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 205. National Cybersecurity Challenges.’’. 
SEC. 5239. INTERNET OF THINGS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
COMMISSION.—The 
term 
‘‘Commission’’ 
means the Federal Communications Commission. 
(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Commerce. 
(3) STEERING COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘steering 
committee’’ means the steering committee established 
under subsection (b)(5)(A). 
(4) WORKING
GROUP.—The term ‘‘working 
group’’ means the working group convened under sub-
section (b)(1). 
(b) FEDERAL WORKING GROUP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall convene a 
working group of Federal stakeholders for the purpose
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† HR 6395 EAS 
of providing recommendations and a report to Con-
gress relating to the aspects of the Internet of Things 
described in paragraph (2). 
(2) DUTIES.—The working group shall— 
(A) identify any Federal regulations, stat-
utes, grant practices, budgetary or jurisdictional 
challenges, and other sector-specific policies that 
are inhibiting, or could inhibit, the development 
or deployment of the Internet of Things; 
(B) consider policies or programs that en-
courage and improve coordination among Fed-
eral agencies that have responsibilities that are 
relevant to the objectives of this section; 
(C) consider any findings or recommenda-
tions made by the steering committee and, where 
appropriate, 
act 
to 
implement 
those 
rec-
ommendations; 
(D) examine— 
(i) how Federal agencies can benefit 
from utilizing the Internet of Things; 
(ii) the use of Internet of Things tech-
nology by Federal agencies as of the date on 
which the working group performs the ex-
amination;
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(iii) the preparedness and ability of 
Federal agencies to adopt Internet of Things 
technology as of the date on which the work-
ing group performs the examination and in 
the future; and 
(iv) any additional security measures 
that Federal agencies may need to take to— 
(I) safely and securely use the 
Internet of Things, including measures 
that ensure the security of critical in-
frastructure; and 
(II) enhance the resiliency of Fed-
eral systems against cyber threats to 
the Internet of Things; and 
(E) in carrying out the examinations re-
quired under subclauses (I) and (II) of subpara-
graph (D)(iv), ensure to the maximum extent 
possible the coordination of the current and fu-
ture activities of the Federal Government relat-
ing to security with respect to the Internet of 
Things. 
(3) AGENCY
REPRESENTATIVES.—In convening 
the working group under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall have discretion to appoint representatives from 
Federal agencies and departments as appropriate and
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† HR 6395 EAS 
shall specifically consider seeking representation 
from— 
(A) the Department of Commerce, includ-
ing— 
(i) the National Telecommunications 
and Information Administration; 
(ii) the National Institute of Stand-
ards and Technology; and 
(iii) the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration; 
(B) the Department of Transportation; 
(C) the Department of Homeland Security; 
(D) the Office of Management and Budget; 
(E) the National Science Foundation; 
(F) the Commission; 
(G) the Federal Trade Commission; 
(H) the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy; 
(I) the Department of Energy; and 
(J) the Federal Energy Regulatory Commis-
sion. 
(4) NONGOVERNMENTAL
STAKEHOLDERS.—The 
working group shall consult with nongovernmental 
stakeholders with expertise relating to the Internet of 
Things, including—
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(A) the steering committee; 
(B) information and communications tech-
nology manufacturers, suppliers, service pro-
viders, and vendors; 
(C) subject matter experts representing in-
dustrial sectors other than the technology sector 
that can benefit from the Internet of Things, in-
cluding the transportation, energy, agriculture, 
and health care sectors; 
(D) small, medium, and large businesses; 
(E) think tanks and academia; 
(F) nonprofit organizations and consumer 
groups; 
(G) security experts; 
(H) rural stakeholders; and 
(I) other stakeholders with relevant exper-
tise, as determined by the Secretary. 
(5) STEERING COMMITTEE.— 
(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established 
within the Department of Commerce a steering 
committee to advise the working group. 
(B) DUTIES.—The steering committee shall 
advise the working group with respect to— 
(i) the identification of any Federal 
regulations, statutes, grant practices, pro-
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† HR 6395 EAS 
grams, budgetary or jurisdictional chal-
lenges, and other sector-specific policies that 
are inhibiting, or could inhibit, the develop-
ment of the Internet of Things; 
(ii) situations in which the use of the 
Internet of Things is likely to deliver sig-
nificant and scalable economic and societal 
benefits to the United States, including ben-
efits from or to— 
(I) smart traffic and transit tech-
nologies; 
(II) augmented logistics and sup-
ply chains; 
(III) sustainable infrastructure; 
(IV) precision agriculture; 
(V) environmental monitoring; 
(VI) public safety; and 
(VII) health care; 
(iii) whether adequate spectrum is 
available to support the growing Internet of 
Things and what legal or regulatory bar-
riers may exist to providing any spectrum 
needed in the future; 
(iv) policies, programs, or multi-stake-
holder activities that—
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(I) promote or are related to the 
privacy of individuals who use or are 
affected by the Internet of Things; 
(II) may enhance the security of 
the Internet of Things, including the 
security of critical infrastructure; 
(III) may protect users of the 
Internet of Things; and 
(IV) may encourage coordination 
among Federal agencies with jurisdic-
tion over the Internet of Things; 
(v) the opportunities and challenges as-
sociated with the use of Internet of Things 
technology by small businesses; and 
(vi) 
any 
international 
proceeding, 
international negotiation, or other inter-
national matter affecting the Internet of 
Things to which the United States is or 
should be a party. 
(C) MEMBERSHIP.—The Secretary shall ap-
point to the steering committee members rep-
resenting a wide range of stakeholders outside of 
the Federal Government with expertise relating 
to the Internet of Things, including—
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(i) information and communications 
technology manufacturers, suppliers, service 
providers, and vendors; 
(ii) subject matter experts representing 
industrial sectors other than the technology 
sector that can benefit from the Internet of 
Things, including the transportation, en-
ergy, agriculture, and health care sectors; 
(iii) small, medium, and large busi-
nesses; 
(iv) think tanks and academia; 
(v) nonprofit organizations and con-
sumer groups; 
(vi) security experts; 
(vii) rural stakeholders; and 
(viii) other stakeholders with relevant 
expertise, as determined by the Secretary. 
(D) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the steering 
committee shall submit to the working group a 
report that includes any findings or rec-
ommendations of the steering committee. 
(E) INDEPENDENT ADVICE.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The steering com-
mittee shall set the agenda of the steering
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† HR 6395 EAS 
committee in carrying out the duties of the 
steering committee under subparagraph (B). 
(ii) 
SUGGESTIONS.—The 
working 
group may suggest topics or items for the 
steering committee to study, and the steer-
ing committee shall take those suggestions 
into consideration in carrying out the du-
ties of the steering committee. 
(iii) REPORT.—The steering committee 
shall ensure that the report submitted under 
subparagraph (D) is the result of the inde-
pendent judgment of the steering committee. 
(F) NO COMPENSATION FOR MEMBERS.—A 
member of the steering committee shall serve 
without compensation. 
(G) TERMINATION.—The steering committee 
shall terminate on the date on which the working 
group submits the report under paragraph (6). 
(6) REPORT TO CONGRESS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 18 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the working group shall submit to Congress a re-
port that includes— 
(i) the findings and recommendations 
of the working group with respect to the du-
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† HR 6395 EAS 
ties of the working group under paragraph 
(2); 
(ii) the report submitted by the steer-
ing committee under paragraph (5)(D), as 
the report was received by the working 
group; 
(iii) recommendations for action or 
reasons for inaction, as applicable, with re-
spect to each recommendation made by the 
steering committee in the report submitted 
under paragraph (5)(D); and 
(iv) an accounting of any progress 
made by Federal agencies to implement rec-
ommendations made by the working group 
or the steering committee. 
(B) COPY OF REPORT.—The working group 
shall submit a copy of the report described in 
subparagraph (A) to— 
(i) 
the 
Committee 
on 
Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation and the Com-
mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
the Senate; 
(ii) the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representatives; 
and
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(iii) any other committee of Congress, 
upon request to the working group. 
(c) ASSESSING SPECTRUM NEEDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission, in consulta-
tion with the National Telecommunications and In-
formation Administration, shall issue a notice of in-
quiry seeking public comment on the current, as of 
the date of enactment of this Act, and future spectrum 
needs to enable better connectivity relating to the 
Internet of Things. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—In issuing the notice of in-
quiry under paragraph (1), the Commission shall seek 
comments that consider and evaluate— 
(A) whether adequate spectrum is available, 
or is planned for allocation, for commercial 
wireless services that could support the growing 
Internet of Things; 
(B) if adequate spectrum is not available 
for the purposes described in subparagraph (A), 
how to ensure that adequate spectrum is avail-
able for increased demand with respect to the 
Internet of Things; 
(C) what regulatory barriers may exist to 
providing any needed spectrum that would sup-
port uses relating to the Internet of Things; and
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(D) what the role of unlicensed and licensed 
spectrum is and will be in the growth of the 
Internet of Things. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall 
submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce of the House of Representa-
tives a report summarizing the comments submitted 
in response to the notice of inquiry issued under 
paragraph (1). 
Subtitle E—Plans, Reports, and 
Other Matters 
SEC. 5241. REPORT ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STRAT-
EGY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE STAND-
ARDS. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to Congress a report on the role of 
the Department of Defense in the development of artificial 
intelligence standards. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall include an assessment of each of the following: 
(1) The need for the Department of Defense to 
develop an artificial intelligence standards strategy.
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(2) Any efforts to date on the development of 
such a strategy. 
(3) The ways in which an artificial intelligence 
standards strategy will improve the national security. 
(4) How the Secretary intends to collaborate 
with— 
(A) the Director of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology; 
(B) the Secretary of Homeland Security; 
(C) the intelligence community; 
(D) the Secretary of State; 
(E) representatives of private industry, spe-
cifically representatives of the defense industrial 
base; and 
(F) representatives of any other agencies, 
entities, organizations, or persons the Secretary 
considers appropriate. 
SEC. 5242. STUDY ON ESTABLISHMENT OF ENERGETICS 
PROGRAM OFFICE. 
The Under Secretary of Defense for Research and En-
gineering shall conduct a study to assess the feasibility and 
advisability of establishing a program office to coordinate 
energetics research and to ensure a robust and sustained 
energetics material enterprise.
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† HR 6395 EAS 
SEC. 5243. DEEPFAKE REPORT. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) DIGITAL
CONTENT
FORGERY.—The term 
‘‘digital content forgery’’ means the use of emerging 
technologies, including artificial intelligence and ma-
chine learning techniques, to fabricate or manipulate 
audio, visual, or text content with the intent to mis-
lead. 
(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Homeland Security. 
(b) REPORTS ON DIGITAL CONTENT FORGERY TECH-
NOLOGY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and annually there-
after for 5 years, the Secretary, acting through the 
Under Secretary for Science and Technology, shall 
produce a report on the state of digital content for-
gery technology. 
(2) CONTENTS.—Each report produced under 
paragraph (1) shall include— 
(A) an assessment of the underlying tech-
nologies used to create or propagate digital con-
tent forgeries, including the evolution of such 
technologies; 
(B) a description of the types of digital con-
tent forgeries, including those used to commit
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† HR 6395 EAS 
fraud, cause harm, or violate civil rights recog-
nized under Federal law; 
(C) an assessment of how foreign govern-
ments, and the proxies and networks thereof, use, 
or could use, digital content forgeries to harm 
national security; 
(D) an assessment of how non-governmental 
entities in the United States use, or could use, 
digital content forgeries; 
(E) an assessment of the uses, applications, 
dangers, and benefits of deep learning tech-
nologies used to generate high fidelity artificial 
content of events that did not occur, including 
the impact on individuals; 
(F) an analysis of the methods used to de-
termine whether content is genuinely created by 
a human or through digital content forgery tech-
nology and an assessment of any effective 
heuristics used to make such a determination, as 
well as recommendations on how to identify and 
address suspect content and elements to provide 
warnings to users of the content; 
(G) a description of the technological 
counter-measures that are, or could be, used to
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† HR 6395 EAS 
address concerns with digital content forgery 
technology; and 
(H) any additional information the Sec-
retary determines appropriate. 
(3) CONSULTATION AND PUBLIC HEARINGS.—In 
producing each report required under paragraph (1), 
the Secretary may— 
(A) consult with any other agency of the 
Federal Government that the Secretary considers 
necessary; and 
(B) conduct public hearings to gather, or 
otherwise allow interested parties an opportunity 
to present, information and advice relevant to 
the production of the report. 
(4) FORM
OF
REPORT.—Each report required 
under paragraph (1) shall be produced in unclassified 
form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(5) APPLICABILITY OF FOIA.—Nothing in this 
section, or in a report produced under this section, 
shall be construed to allow the disclosure of informa-
tion or a record that is exempt from public disclosure 
under section 552 of title 5, United States Code (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Freedom of Information Act’’). 
(6) APPLICABILITY OF THE PAPERWORK REDUC-
TION ACT.—Subchapter I of chapter 35 of title 44,
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United States Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Paper-
work Reduction Act’’), shall not apply to this section. 
SEC. 5244. CISA DIRECTOR. 
Subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 5, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(1) in section 5313, by inserting after the item 
relating to ‘‘Administrator of the Transportation Se-
curity Administration’’ the following: 
‘‘Director, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security 
Agency.’’; and 
(2) in section 5314, by striking the item relating 
to ‘‘Director, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Secu-
rity Agency.’’. 
SEC. 5245. AGENCY REVIEW. 
(a) REQUIREMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW.—In 
order to strengthen the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Se-
curity Agency, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
conduct a comprehensive review of the ability of the Cyber-
security and Infrastructure Security Agency to fulfill— 
(1) the missions of the Cybersecurity and Infra-
structure Security Agency; and 
(2) the recommendations detailed in the report 
issued by the Cyberspace Solarium Commission under 
section 1652(k) of the John S. McCain National De-
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fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public 
Law 115–232). 
(b) ELEMENTS OF REVIEW.—The review conducted 
under subsection (a) shall include the following elements: 
(1) An assessment of how additional budget re-
sources could be used by the Cybersecurity and Infra-
structure Security Agency for projects and programs 
that— 
(A) support the national risk management 
mission; 
(B) support public and private-sector cyber-
security; 
(C) promote public-private integration; and 
(D) provide situational awareness of cyber-
security threats. 
(2) A comprehensive force structure assessment of 
the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency 
including— 
(A) a determination of the appropriate size 
and composition of personnel to accomplish the 
mission of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure 
Security Agency, as well as the recommendations 
detailed in the report issued by the Cyberspace 
Solarium Commission under section 1652(k) of 
the John S. McCain National Defense Authoriza-
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tion Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115– 
232); 
(B) an assessment of whether existing per-
sonnel 
are 
appropriately 
matched 
to 
the 
prioritization of threats in the cyber domain and 
risks in critical infrastructure; 
(C) an assessment of whether the Cybersecu-
rity and Infrastructure Security Agency has the 
appropriate personnel and resources to— 
(i) perform risk assessments, threat 
hunting, incident response to support both 
private and public cybersecurity; 
(ii) carry out the responsibilities of the 
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security 
Agency related to the security of Federal in-
formation and Federal information systems; 
and 
(iii) carry out the critical infrastruc-
ture responsibilities of the Cybersecurity 
and Infrastructure Security Agency, includ-
ing national risk management; and 
(D) an assessment of whether current struc-
ture, personnel, and resources of regional field of-
fices are sufficient in fulfilling agency respon-
sibilities and mission requirements.
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(c) SUBMISSION OF REVIEW.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Homeland Security shall submit a report to Congress de-
tailing the results of the assessments required under sub-
section (b), including recommendations to address any 
identified gaps. 
SEC. 5246. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION REVIEW. 
(a) REVIEW.—The Administrator of the General Serv-
ices Administration shall— 
(1) conduct a review of current Cybersecurity 
and Infrastructure Security Agency facilities and as-
sess the suitability of such facilities to fully support 
current and projected mission requirements nation-
ally and regionally; and 
(2) make recommendations regarding resources 
needed to procure or build a new facility or augment 
existing facilities to ensure sufficient size and accom-
modations to fully support current and projected mis-
sion requirements, including the integration of per-
sonnel from the private sector and other departments 
and agencies. 
(b) SUBMISSION OF REVIEW.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of the General Services Administration shall submit 
the review required under subsection (a) to—
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(1) the President; 
(2) the Secretary of Homeland Security; and 
(3) to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Homeland Security of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
TITLE LIII—OPERATION AND 
MAINTENANCE 
Subtitle C—Logistics and 
Sustainment 
SEC. 5331. USE OF COST SAVINGS REALIZED FROM INTER-
GOVERNMENTAL 
SERVICES 
AGREEMENTS 
FOR INSTALLATION-SUPPORT SERVICES. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Section 2679 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as 
subsections (e) and (f), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following 
new subsection (d): 
‘‘(d) USE OF COST SAVINGS REALIZED.—(1) With re-
spect to a fiscal year in which cost savings are realized as 
a result of entering into an intergovernmental support 
agreement under this section for a military installation, the 
Secretary concerned shall make not less than 25 percent of 
the amount of such savings available for use by the com-
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† HR 6395 EAS 
mander of the installation solely for sustainment restora-
tion and modernization requirements that have been ap-
proved by the major subordinate command or equivalent 
component. 
‘‘(2) Not less frequently than annually, the Secretary 
concerned shall certify to the congressional defense com-
mittee the amount of the cost savings achieved, the source 
and type of intergovernmental support agreement that 
achieved the savings, and the manner in which those sav-
ings were deployed, disaggregated by installation.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by this 
section shall apply with respect to fiscal year 2021 and each 
subsequent fiscal year. 
Subtitle D—Reports 
SEC. 5351. REPORT ON NON-PERMISSIVE, GLOBAL POSI-
TIONING SYSTEM DENIED AIRFIELD CAPA-
BILITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than February 1, 2021, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees a report assessing the ability of each 
combatant command to conduct all-weather, day-night air-
field operations in a non-permissive, global positioning sys-
tem denied environment. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required under subsection 
(a) shall include, at a minimum, the following:
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† HR 6395 EAS 
(1) An assessment of current air traffic control 
and landing systems at existing airfields and contin-
gency airfields. 
(2) An assessment of the ability of each combat-
ant command to conduct all-weather, day-night air-
field flight operations in a non-permissive, global po-
sitioning system denied environment at existing and 
contingency airfields, including aircraft tracking and 
precision landing. 
(3) An assessment of the ability of each combat-
ant command to rapidly set up and conduct oper-
ations at alternate airfields, including the ability to 
receive and deploy forces in a non-permissive, global 
positioning system denied environment. 
(4) A list of backup systems in place or pre-posi-
tioned to be able to reconstitute operations after an 
attack. 
Subtitle E—Other Matters 
SEC. 5371. INCREASE OF AMOUNTS AVAILABLE TO MARINE 
CORPS FOR BASE OPERATIONS AND SUP-
PORT. 
(a) INCREASE OF BASE OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT.— 
The amount authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2021 for operation and maintenance for the Marine Corps, 
is hereby increased by $47,600,000, with the amount of the
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† HR 6395 EAS 
increase to be available for base operations and support 
(SAG BSS1). 
(b) OFFSETS.— 
(1) 
OPERATION
AND
MAINTENANCE.—The 
amount authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2021 for operation and maintenance for the Marine 
Corps, is hereby reduced by $4,700,000, with the 
amount of the reduction to be derived from SAG 
1A1A. 
(2) MODIFICATION
KIT
PROCUREMENT.—The 
amount authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2021 for procurement for the Marine Corps, is hereby 
reduced by $3,100,000, with the amount of the reduc-
tion to be derived from Line 7, Modification Kits. 
(3) DIRECT
SUPPORT
MUNITION
PROCURE-
MENT.—The amount authorized to be appropriated 
for fiscal year 2021 for procurement and ammunition 
for the Marine Corps, is hereby reduced by 
$39,800,000, with the amount of the reduction to be 
derived from Line 17, Direct Support Munitions. 
SEC. 5372. MODERNIZATION OF CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS 
PROCESS. 
(a) INCREASE IN O&M, DEFENSE-WIDE ACTIVITIES.— 
The amount authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2021 by section 301 is hereby increased by $2,000,000, with
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† HR 6395 EAS 
the amount of the increase to be available for operation and 
maintenance, Defense-wide activities, for SAG 4GTN Office 
of the Secretary of Defense for modernization of the congres-
sional reports process. 
(b) OFFSET.—The amount authorized to be appro-
priated for fiscal year 2021 by section 301 is hereby de-
creased by $2,000,000, with the amount of the decrease to 
be applied against amounts available for operation and 
maintenance, Army, for SAG 421 for Servicewide Trans-
portation for historical underexecution. 
TITLE LV—MILITARY 
PERSONNEL POLICY 
Subtitle C—General Service 
Authorities 
SEC. 
5516. 
REPORT 
ON 
IMPLEMENTATION 
OF 
REC-
OMMENDATIONS OF THE COMPTROLLER GEN-
ERAL OF THE UNITED STATES ON RECRUIT-
MENT AND RETENTION OF FEMALE MEMBERS 
OF THE ARMED FORCES. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House 
of Representatives a report setting forth a comprehensive 
plan to implement and accomplish the recommendations for 
the Department of Defense in keeping with the May 2020
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† HR 6395 EAS 
report of the Government Accountability Office titled ‘‘Fe-
male Active-Duty Personnel: Guidance and Plans Needed 
for Recruitment and Retention Efforts’’, namely the rec-
ommendations as follows: 
(1) The Secretary of Defense must ensure that 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and 
Readiness provides guidance to each of the Armed 
Forces to develop plans, with clearly defined goals, 
performance measures, and timeframes, to guide and 
monitor the efforts in connection with the recruitment 
and retention of female members. 
(2) Each Secretary of a military department 
must develop a plan, with clearly defined goals, per-
formance measures, and timeframes, to guide and 
monitor the efforts of each Armed Force under the ju-
risdiction of such Secretary in connection with the re-
cruitment and retention of female members in such 
Armed Force.
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Subtitle F—Decorations and 
Awards 
SEC. 5551. REPORT ON REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURES TO 
IMPLEMENT PROGRAMS ON AWARD OF MED-
ALS OR COMMENDATIONS TO HANDLERS OF 
MILITARY WORKING DOGS. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House 
of Representatives a report on the regulations and other 
procedures prescribed by the Secretaries of the military de-
partments in order to implement and carry out the pro-
grams of the military departments on the award of medals 
or other commendations to handlers of military working 
dogs required by section 582 of the John S. McCain Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Pub-
lic Law 115–232; 132 Stat. 1787; 10 U.S.C. 1121 note 
prec.).
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Subtitle 
G—Defense 
Dependents’ 
Education and Military Family 
Readiness Matters 
PART II—MILITARY FAMILY READINESS MATTERS 
SEC. 5571. INDEPENDENT STUDY AND REPORT ON MILI-
TARY SPOUSE UNDEREMPLOYMENT. 
(a) INDEPENDENT STUDY.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall seek to enter into a contract with a Feder-
ally funded research and development center to conduct a 
study on underemployment among military spouses. The 
study shall consider, at a minimum, the following: 
(1) The prevalence of unemployment and under-
employment among military spouses, including dif-
ferences by Armed Force, region, State, education 
level, and income level. 
(2) The causes of unemployment and under-
employment among military spouses. 
(3) The differences in unemployment and under-
employment between military spouses and civilians. 
(4) Barriers to small business ownership and en-
trepreneurship faced by military spouses. 
(b) SUBMITTAL TO DOD.—Not later than 240 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Federally 
funded research and development center with which the Sec-
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† HR 6395 EAS 
fecting or altering the command authorities otherwise 
applicable to any unit of the National Guard unit 
participating in the pilot program. 
(2) EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE COM-
PACT.—Nothing in a pilot program may be construed 
as affecting or altering any current agreement under 
the Emergency Management Assistance Compact, or 
any other State agreements, or as determinative of the 
future content of any such agreement. 
(h) EVALUATION METRICS.—An administering Sec-
retary shall, in consultation with the Chief of the National 
Guard Bureau and the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
establish metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot 
program. 
(i) TERM.—A pilot program under subsection (b) shall 
terminate on the date that is three years after the date of 
the commencement of the pilot program. 
(j) REPORTS.— 
(1) INITIAL REPORT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the commencement of the pilot pro-
gram, the administering Secretary, in coordination 
with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a re-
port setting forth a description of the pilot program
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† HR 6395 EAS 
and such other matters in connection with the pilot 
program as the Secretary considers appropriate. 
(2) FINAL REPORT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the termination of the pilot program, the admin-
istering Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary 
of Homeland Security, shall submit to the appro-
priate committees of Congress a report on the pilot 
program. The report shall include the following: 
(A) A description of the pilot program, in-
cluding any partnerships entered into by the 
Chief of the National Guard Bureau under the 
pilot program. 
(B) A summary of the assessment performed 
prior to the commencement of the pilot program 
in accordance with subsection (c). 
(C) A summary of the evaluation metrics 
established in accordance with subsection (h). 
(D) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
pilot program, and of the capability described in 
subsection (b) under the pilot program. 
(E) A description of costs associated with 
the implementation and conduct of the pilot pro-
gram. 
(F) A recommendation as to the termi-
nation or extension of the pilot program, or the
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making of the pilot program permanent with an 
expansion nationwide. 
(G) An estimate of the costs of making the 
pilot program permanent and expanding it na-
tionwide in accordance with the recommendation 
in subparagraph (F). 
(H) Such recommendations for legislative or 
administrative action as the Secretary considers 
appropriate in light of the pilot program. 
(3) APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CONGRESS 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 
committees of Congress’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Homeland Security and Gov-
ernmental Affairs of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
House of Representatives. 
(k) STATE
DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘State’’ means each of the several States, the District of Co-
lumbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American 
Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, and the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
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Subtitle E—Small Business Matters 
SEC. 5871. OFFICE OF SMALL BUSINESS AND DISADVAN-
TAGED BUSINESS UTILIZATION. 
Section 15(k) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
644(k)) is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(1) by inserting after the first sentence the fol-
lowing: ‘‘If the Government Accountability Office has 
determined that a Federal agency is not in compli-
ance with all of the requirements under this sub-
section, the Federal agency shall, not later than 120 
days after that determination or 120 days after the 
date of enactment of this sentence, whichever is later, 
submit to the Committee on Small Business and En-
trepreneurship of the Senate and the Committee on 
Small Business of the House of Representatives a re-
port that includes the reasons why the Federal agency 
is not in compliance and the specific actions that the 
Federal agency will take to comply with the require-
ments under this subsection.’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘The management of each such 
office’’ and inserting ‘‘The management of each Office 
of Small Business and Disadvantaged Business Utili-
zation’’.
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† HR 6395 EAS 
‘‘(III) is primarily engaged in 
providing child care for children from 
birth to compulsory school age; 
‘‘(ii) for which each employee and reg-
ular volunteer complies with the criminal 
background check requirements under sec-
tion 658H(b) of the Child Care and Devel-
opment Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
9858f(b)); and 
‘‘(iii) that may— 
‘‘(I) provide care for school-age 
children outside of school hours or out-
side of the school year; or 
‘‘(II) offer preschool or prekinder-
garten educational programs. 
‘‘(B) ELIGIBILITY FOR LOAN PROGRAMS.— 
Notwithstanding any other provision of this sub-
section, a covered nonprofit child care provider 
shall be deemed to be a small business concern 
for purposes of any program under this Act or 
the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 
U.S.C. 661 et seq.) under which— 
‘‘(i) the Administrator may make 
loans to small business concerns;
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† HR 6395 EAS 
final action, or a Federal agency receives a final decision 
issued by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 
involving a finding of discrimination (including retalia-
tion) in violation of a provision of law covered by para-
graph (1) or (2) of section 201(a), as applicable, the appli-
cable Federal agency shall submit to the Commission a re-
port stating— 
‘‘(1) whether disciplinary action has been pro-
posed against a Federal employee as a result of the 
violation; and 
‘‘(2) the reasons for any disciplinary action pro-
posed under paragraph (1).’’. 
(e) DATA TO BE POSTED BY EMPLOYING FEDERAL 
AGENCIES.—Section 301(b) of the Notification and Federal 
Employee Antidiscrimination and Retaliation Act of 2002 
(5 U.S.C. 2301 note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (9)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
at the end; 
(B) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘, and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) with respect to each finding described 
in subparagraph (A)— 
‘‘(i) the date of the finding,
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† HR 6395 EAS 
receives information obtained through the 
subpoena, unless otherwise agreed to by the 
individual identified by the subpoena re-
spondent; 
‘‘(D) the processes for providing notice to 
each party that is subject to the subpoena and 
each entity identified by information obtained 
under a subpoena issued under this subsection; 
‘‘(E) the processes and criteria for con-
ducting critical infrastructure security risk as-
sessments to determine whether a subpoena is 
necessary prior to being issued under this sub-
section; and 
‘‘(F) the information to be provided to an 
entity at risk at the time of the notice of the vul-
nerability, which shall include— 
‘‘(i) a discussion or statement that re-
sponding to, or subsequent engagement with, 
the Agency, is voluntary; and 
‘‘(ii) to the extent practicable, informa-
tion regarding the process through which 
the 
Director 
identifies 
security 
vulnerabilities. 
‘‘(8) LIMITATION ON PROCEDURES.—The inter-
nal procedures established under paragraph (7) may
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† HR 6395 EAS 
not require an owner or operator of critical infra-
structure to take any action as a result of a notice 
of vulnerability made pursuant to this Act. 
‘‘(9) REVIEW OF PROCEDURES.—Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
the Privacy Officer of the Agency shall— 
‘‘(A) review the procedures developed by the 
Director under paragraph (7) to ensure that— 
‘‘(i) the procedures are consistent with 
fair information practices; and 
‘‘(ii) the operations of the Agency com-
ply with the procedures; and 
‘‘(B) notify the Committee on Homeland 
Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate 
and the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
House of Representatives of the results of the re-
view. 
‘‘(10) PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION.—Not later 
than 120 days after establishing the internal proce-
dures under paragraph (7), the Director shall publish 
information on the website of the Agency regarding 
the subpoena process under this subsection, including 
regarding— 
‘‘(A) the purpose for subpoenas issued under 
this subsection;