4901 
‘‘(D) halting the publishing of 2 inde-
pendent newspapers; and 
‘‘(E) disrupting internet access; 
‘‘(F) blocking more than 50 news websites 
that were covering the protests; and 
‘‘(G) limiting access to social media and 
other digital communication platforms. 
‘‘(37) Internet access in Belarus has been repeat-
edly disrupted and restricted since August 9, 2020, 
which independent experts and monitoring groups 
have attributed to government interference. 
‘‘(38) Thousands of employees at Belarusian 
state-owned enterprises, who have been seen as 
Alyaksandr Lukashenka’s traditional base during his 
26-year rule, went on strike across the country to pro-
test Lukashenka’s illegitimate election and the subse-
quent crackdowns, including at some of Belarus’s 
largest factories such as the BelAZ truck plant, the 
Minsk Tractor Works, and the Minsk Automobile 
Plant. 
‘‘(39) After the employees of state media outlets 
walked off the job in protest rather than help report 
misleading government propaganda, Lukashenka con-
firmed that he ‘asked the Russians’ to send teams of 
Russian journalists to replace local employees. 
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‘‘(40) On August 19, 2020, European Council 
President Charles Michel announced that the Euro-
pean Union would impose sanctions on a substantial 
number of individuals responsible for violence, repres-
sion, and election fraud in Belarus. 
‘‘(41) On October 2, 2020, the Department of 
Treasury announced new sanctions under Executive 
Order 13405 on eight individuals ‘for their roles in 
the fraudulent August 9, 2020 Belarus presidential 
election or the subsequent violent crackdown on peace-
ful protesters’. 
‘‘(42) Similar sanctions have also been applied 
to Belarusian human rights violators by the Govern-
ment of Canada and the Government of the United 
Kingdom. 
‘‘(43) Against the will of the majority of the 
Belarusian people— 
‘‘(A) Alyaksandr Lukashenka appealed to 
Russian President Vladimir Putin to provide se-
curity assistance to his government, if requested; 
and 
‘‘(B) President Putin has agreed to prop up 
the Alyaksandr Lukashenka regime by— 
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‘‘(i) confirming that a Russian police 
force was ready to be deployed if ‘the situa-
tion gets out of control’; 
‘‘(ii) providing significant financial 
support; and 
‘‘(iii) sending Russian propagandists 
to help disseminate pro-regime propaganda 
on Belarus state television. 
‘‘(44) The Governments of the United States, the 
European Union, the United Kingdom, and Canada 
have— 
‘‘(A) condemned the violent crackdown on 
peaceful protestors; 
‘‘(B) refused to accept the results of the 
fraudulent election; and 
‘‘(C) called for new free and fair elections 
under independent observation.’’. 
SEC. 323. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
Section 3 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
‘‘It is the policy of the United States— 
‘‘(1) to condemn— 
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4904 
‘‘(A) the conduct of the August 9, 2020, 
presidential election in Belarus, which was nei-
ther free nor fair; 
‘‘(B) the Belarusian authorities’ unrelenting 
crackdown on, arbitrary arrests of, and violence 
against 
opposition 
candidates, 
peaceful 
protestors, human rights activists, employees 
from state-owned enterprises participating in 
strikes, independent election observers, and inde-
pendent journalists and bloggers; and 
‘‘(C) the unjustified detention and forced or 
attempted expulsion of members of the Coordina-
tion Council in Belarus; 
‘‘(2) to continue demanding the immediate re-
lease without preconditions of all political prisoners 
in Belarus and those arrested for peacefully pro-
testing, including all those individuals detained in 
connection with the August 9, 2020, presidential elec-
tion; 
‘‘(3) to stand in solidarity with the people of 
Belarus, including human rights defenders, bloggers, 
and journalists, who are exercising their right to free-
dom of assembly, freedom of expression, and rule of 
law and to continue supporting the aspirations of the 
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4905 
people of Belarus for democracy, human rights, and 
the rule of law; 
‘‘(4) to continue actively supporting the aspira-
tions of the people of the Republic of Belarus— 
‘‘(A) to preserve the independence and sov-
ereignty of their country; and 
‘‘(B) to freely exercise their religion, includ-
ing the head of the Catholic Church in Belarus, 
Archbishop Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz, who was 
barred from entering the country after criticizing 
Belarusian authorities; 
‘‘(5) to recognize the leading role of women in 
the peaceful protests and pro-democracy movement in 
Belarus; 
‘‘(6) to continue— 
‘‘(A) rejecting the invalid results of the 
fraudulent August 9, 2020 presidential election 
in Belarus announced by the Central Election 
Commission of the Republic of Belarus; and 
‘‘(B) supporting calls for new presidential 
and parliamentary elections, conducted in a 
manner that is free and fair according to OSCE 
standards and under the supervision of OSCE 
observers and independent domestic observers; 
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4906 
‘‘(7) 
to 
refuse 
to 
recognize 
Alyaksandr 
Lukashenka as the legitimately elected leader of 
Belarus; 
‘‘(8) to not recognize any incorporation of 
Belarus into a ‘Union State’ with Russia, since this 
so-called ‘Union State’ would be both an attempt to 
absorb Belarus and a step to reconstituting the totali-
tarian Soviet Union; 
‘‘(9) to continue calling for the fulfillment by the 
Government of Belarus of Belarus’s freely undertaken 
obligations as an OSCE participating state and as a 
signatory of the Charter of the United Nations; 
‘‘(10) to support an OSCE role in mediating a 
dialogue within Belarus between the government and 
genuine representatives of Belarusian society; 
‘‘(11) to recognize the Coordination Council as a 
legitimate institution to participate in a dialogue on 
a peaceful transition of power; 
‘‘(12) to applaud the commitment by foreign 
diplomats in Minsk to engage with Coordination 
Council member and Nobel Laureate, Svetlana 
Alexievich, and to encourage an ongoing dialogue 
with her and with other leaders of the democratically- 
oriented political opposition in Belarus; 
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4908 
‘‘(A) the continued territorial integrity of 
Belarus; and 
‘‘(B) the right of the Belarusian people to 
determine their future.’’. 
SEC. 324. ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY, CIVIL SO-
CIETY, AND SOVEREIGNTY IN BELARUS. 
Section 4 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended— 
(1) by amending the section heading to read as 
follows: ‘‘ASSISTANCE
TO
PROMOTE
DEMOC-
RACY, CIVIL
SOCIETY, AND
SOVEREIGNTY
IN 
BELARUS.’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Euro-
pean’’ and inserting ‘‘Trans-Atlantic’’; and 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and 
(3) as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(2) To assist the people of Belarus in building 
the sovereignty and independence of their country.’’; 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘and Belarusian groups 
outside of Belarus’’ after ‘‘indigenous Belarusian 
groups’’; and 
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4909 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and Belarusian sov-
ereignty’’ before the period at the end; 
(4) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by striking paragraph (8); 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(3) 
through (7) as paragraphs (4) through (8), re-
spectively; 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) countering internet censorship and repres-
sive surveillance technology that seek to limit free as-
sociation, control access to information, and prevent 
citizens from exercising their rights to free speech;’’; 
(D) in paragraph (8), as redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(9) supporting the work of women advocating 
freedom, human rights, and human progress; 
‘‘(10) supporting the development of Belarusian 
language education; 
‘‘(11) enhancing the development of the private 
sector, particularly the information technology sector, 
and its role in the economy of Belarus, including by 
increasing the capacity of private sector actors, devel-
oping business support organizations, offering entre-
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4910 
preneurship training, and expanding access to fi-
nance for small and medium enterprises; 
‘‘(12) supporting political refugees in neigh-
boring European countries fleeing the crackdown in 
Belarus; 
‘‘(13) supporting the gathering of evidence on 
and investigating of the human rights abuses in 
Belarus; 
‘‘(14) supporting the public health response, in-
cluding filling the information void, in Belarus dur-
ing the COVID–19 pandemic; and 
‘‘(15) other activities consistent with the pur-
poses of this Act.’’; 
(5) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection 
(g); 
(6) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that, in light of the political crisis in Belarus and the un-
precedented mobilization of the Belarusian people, United 
States foreign assistance to Belarusian civil society should 
be reevaluated and increased— 
‘‘(1) to carry out the purposes described in sub-
section (a); and 
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4911 
‘‘(2) to include the activities described in sub-
section (c). 
‘‘(e) COORDINATION WITH EUROPEAN PARTNERS.—In 
order to maximize impact, eliminate duplication, and fur-
ther the achievement of the purposes described in subsection 
(a), the Secretary of State shall ensure coordination with 
the European Union and its institutions, the governments 
of countries that are members of the European Union, the 
United Kingdom, and Canada. 
‘‘(f) REPORT ON ASSISTANCE.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of the enactment of the Belarus Democracy, 
Human Rights, and Sovereignty Act of 2020, the Secretary 
of State, acting through the Office of the Coordinator of U.S. 
Assistance to Europe and Eurasia, and in coordination 
with the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, shall submit a report to the ap-
propriate congressional committees describing the programs 
and activities carried out to achieve the purposes described 
in subsection (a), including an assessment of whether or not 
progress was made in achieving those purposes.’’; and 
(7) in subsection (g), as redesignated— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS’’ and all 
that follows through ‘‘There are’’ and inserting 
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4912 
‘‘AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2007 and 
2008’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2021 and 
2022’’; and 
(C) by striking paragraph (2). 
SEC. 
325. 
INTERNATIONAL 
BROADCASTING, 
INTERNET 
FREEDOM, AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN 
BELARUS. 
Section 5 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 5. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING, INTERNET FREE-
DOM, AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN 
BELARUS. 
‘‘(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
‘‘(1) the President should support and reallocate 
resources to radio, television, and internet broad-
casting conducted by Radio Free Europe/Radio Lib-
erty in languages spoken in Belarus; 
‘‘(2) the United States should also support other 
independent media providing objective information to 
the Belarusian people, particularly in the Belarusian 
language; 
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4913 
‘‘(3) the President should provide the United 
States Agency for Global Media with a surge capacity 
(as such term is defined in section 316 of the United 
States International Broadcasting Act (22 U.S.C. 
6216)) for programs and activities in Belarus; 
‘‘(4) the Chief Executive Officer of the United 
States Agency for Global Media, working through the 
Open Technology Fund and in coordination with the 
Secretary of State, should expand and prioritize ef-
forts to provide anti-censorship technology and serv-
ices to journalists and civil society in Belarus in 
order to enhance their ability to safely access or share 
digital news and information without fear of reper-
cussions or surveillance; and 
‘‘(5) the United States should continue to con-
demn the Belarusian authorities’ crackdown on inde-
pendent media, including the harassment and mass 
detentions of independent and foreign journalists and 
the denial of accreditation. 
‘‘(b) STRATEGY TO PROMOTE EXPANDED BROAD-
CASTING, INTERNET FREEDOM, AND ACCESS TO INFORMA-
TION IN BELARUS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Belarus Democ-
racy, Human Rights, and Sovereignty Act of 2020, 
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4914 
the Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agen-
cy for Global Media and the Secretary of State shall 
jointly submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a comprehensive strategy, including a cost es-
timate, to carry out the following: 
‘‘(A) Expand independent radio, television, 
live stream, and social network broadcasting and 
communications in Belarus to provide news and 
information, particularly in the Belarusian lan-
guage, that is credible, comprehensive, and accu-
rate. 
‘‘(B) Support the development and use of 
anti-censorship and circumvention technologies 
by the Open Technology Fund and the Bureau of 
Democracy Human Rights and Labor that en-
able the citizens of Belarus to communicate se-
curely and undertake internet activities without 
interference from the Government of Belarus. 
‘‘(C) Assist efforts to overcome attempts by 
the Government of Belarus to disrupt internet 
access and block content online. 
‘‘(D) Monitor the cooperation of the Govern-
ment of Belarus with any foreign government or 
organization for purposes related to the censor-
ship or surveillance of the internet, including an 
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4915 
assessment of any such cooperation in the pre-
ceding ten years. 
‘‘(E) Monitor the purchase or receipt by the 
Government of Belarus of any technology or 
training from any foreign government or organi-
zation for purposes related to the censorship or 
surveillance of the internet, including an assess-
ment of any such purchase or receipt in the pre-
ceding ten years. 
‘‘(F) Assist with the protection of journal-
ists who have been targeted for free speech activi-
ties, including through the denial of accredita-
tion. 
‘‘(G) Provide cyber-attack mitigation serv-
ices to civil society organizations in Belarus. 
‘‘(H) Provide resources for educational ma-
terials and training on digital literacy, bypass-
ing internet censorship, digital safety, and inves-
tigative and analytical journalism for inde-
pendent journalists working in Belarus. 
‘‘(I) Build the capacity of civil society, 
media, and other nongovernmental and organi-
zations 
to 
identify, 
track, 
and 
counter 
disinformation, including from proxies of the 
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4916 
Government of Russia working at Belarusian 
state television. 
‘‘(2) FORM.—The report required under para-
graph (1) shall be transmitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex.’’. 
SEC. 326. SANCTIONS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT OF 
BELARUS. 
Section 6 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘December 19, 2010’’ each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘August 9, 2020’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, peace-
ful protesters,’’ after ‘‘all opposition activists’’; 
(C) by striking paragraphs (3) and (6); and 
(D) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), 
and (7) as paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), respec-
tively; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by inserting 
‘‘AND RUSSIAN INDIVIDUALS COMPLICIT IN THE 
CRACKDOWN THAT OCCURRED AFTER THE AU-
GUST 9, 2020, ELECTION’’ after ‘‘BELARUS’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and 
(5) as paragraphs (5) and (6), respectively; 
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4917 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(4) is a member of the Central Election Com-
mission of Belarus or assisted the Commission in ma-
nipulating the presidential election of August 9, 
2020;’’; 
(D) in paragraph (5), as redesignated, to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(5) is a member of any branch of the security 
or law enforcement services of Belarus, including the 
KGB, Interior Ministry, and OMON special police 
unit, and is responsible for, or complicit in, ordering, 
controlling, materially assisting, sponsoring, or pro-
viding financial, material, or technological support 
for, or otherwise directing, the crackdown on opposi-
tion leaders, journalists, and peaceful protestors that 
occurred in connection with the presidential election 
of August 9, 2020; or’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) is a government official, including at the 
Information Ministry, responsible for the crackdown 
on independent media, including revoking the accred-
itation of journalists, disrupting internet access, and 
restricting online content; 
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4918 
‘‘(8) is an official in the so-called ‘Union State’ 
between Russia and Belarus (regardless of nationality 
of the individual); or 
‘‘(9) is a Russian individual that has signifi-
cantly participated in the crackdown on independent 
press or human rights abuses related to political re-
pression in Belarus, including the Russian propa-
gandists sent to replace local employees at Belarusian 
state media outlets.’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ‘‘the Over-
seas Private Investment Corporation’’ and inserting 
‘‘the United States International Development Fi-
nance Corporation’’; 
(4) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘(including any 
technical assistance or grant) of any kind’’; and 
(5) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ‘‘or by 
any member or family member closely linked to 
any member of the senior leadership of the Gov-
ernment of Belarus’’ and inserting ‘‘or by the 
senior leadership of the Government of Belarus 
or by any member or family member closely 
linked to the senior leadership of the Government 
of Belarus, or an official of the so-called ‘Union 
State’ with Russia’’; and 
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4919 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by adding at 
the end before the semicolon the following: ‘‘, 
or an official of the so-called ‘Union State’ 
with Russia’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘, or the so-called ‘Union State’ with Rus-
sia,’’ after ‘‘the Government of Belarus’’. 
SEC. 327. MULTILATERAL COOPERATION. 
Section 7 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 7. MULTILATERAL COOPERATION. 
‘‘It is the sense of Congress that the President should 
continue to coordinate with the European Union and its 
institutions, European Union member states, the United 
Kingdom, and Canada to develop a comprehensive, multi-
lateral strategy— 
‘‘(1) to further the purposes of this Act, includ-
ing, as appropriate, encouraging other countries to 
take measures with respect to the Republic of Belarus 
that are similar to measures described in this Act; 
and 
‘‘(2) to deter the Government of the Russian Fed-
eration from undermining democratic processes and 
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4920 
institutions in Belarus or threatening the independ-
ence, 
sovereignty, 
and 
territorial 
integrity 
of 
Belarus.’’. 
SEC. 328. REPORTS. 
Section 8 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 8. REPORTS. 
‘‘(a) REPORT ON THREAT TO SOVEREIGNTY AND INDE-
PENDENCE OF BELARUS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Belarus Democ-
racy, Human Rights, and Sovereignty Act of 2020, 
the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Di-
rector of National Intelligence and the Secretary of 
the Treasury, shall transmit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report describing the threat 
that the Government of Russia poses to the sov-
ereignty and independence of Belarus. 
‘‘(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall include— 
‘‘(A) an assessment of how the Government 
of Russia is exploiting the current political crisis 
in Belarus to push for deeper political and eco-
nomic control of or integration with Belarus; 
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4921 
‘‘(B) a description of the economic and en-
ergy assets in Belarus that the Government of 
Russia, including Russian state-owned or state- 
controlled companies, controls; 
‘‘(C) a description of Belarus major enter-
prises that are vulnerable of being taken over by 
Russian entities amid the country’s worsening 
financial crisis; 
‘‘(D) a description of how and to what ends 
the Government of Russia seeks to augment its 
military presence in Belarus; 
‘‘(E) a description of Russian influence over 
the media and information space in Belarus and 
how 
the 
Government 
of 
Russia 
uses 
disinformation and other malign techniques to 
undermine Belarusian history, culture, and lan-
guage; 
‘‘(F) a description of other actors in 
Belarus that the Government of Russia uses to 
advance its malign influence, including veterans’ 
organizations and extrajudicial networks; 
‘‘(G) a description of efforts to undermine 
Belarusian language, cultural, and national 
symbols, including the traditional red and white 
flag and the ‘Pahonia’ mounted knight; and 
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4922 
‘‘(H) the identification of Russian individ-
uals and government agencies that are signifi-
cantly supporting or involved in the crackdown 
on peaceful protestors and the opposition or the 
repression of independent media following the 
August 9, 2020, presidential election. 
‘‘(3) FORM.—The report required under this sub-
section shall be transmitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
‘‘(b) REPORT ON PERSONAL ASSETS OF ALYAKSANDR 
LUKASHENKA.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of the Belarus Democracy, 
Human Rights, and Sovereignty Act of 2020, the Di-
rector of National Intelligence, in consultation with 
the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of 
State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report describing— 
‘‘(A) the total assets under the direct or in-
direct control of Alyaksandr Lukashenka, includ-
ing estimated assets and known sources of in-
come of Alyaksandr Lukashenka and his imme-
diate family members, including assets, invest-
ments, bank accounts, and other business inter-
ests; and 
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4923 
‘‘(B) an identification of the most signifi-
cant senior foreign political figures in Belarus, 
as determined by their closeness to Alyaksandr 
Lukashenka. 
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The Director of National Intel-
ligence may waive, in whole or in part, the reporting 
requirement under paragraph (1)(A) if the Director 
submits to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees— 
‘‘(A) a written justification stating that the 
waiver is in the national interest of the United 
States; and 
‘‘(B) a detailed explanation of the reasons 
therefor. 
‘‘(3) FORM.—The report required under this sub-
section shall be transmitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex.’’. 
SEC. 329. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 9 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004 (Pub-
lic Law 109–480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) is amended— 
(1) by amending paragraph (1) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’ means— 
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‘‘(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs of the Senate; 
‘‘(C) the Committee on Appropriations of 
the Senate; 
‘‘(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives; 
‘‘(E) the Committee on Financial Services 
of the House of Representatives; and 
‘‘(F) the Committee on Appropriations of 
the House of Representatives.’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (3)(B)— 
(A) in clause (i), by inserting ‘‘members of 
the security and intelligence services,’’ after 
‘‘prosecutors,’’; and 
(B) in clause (ii), by inserting ‘‘, electoral 
fraud, online censorship, or restrictions on inde-
pendent media and journalists’’ after ‘‘public 
corruption’’. 
SEC. 330. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS. 
The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose 
of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 
2010, shall be determined by reference to the latest state-
ment titled ‘‘Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation’’ for 
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this subtitle, submitted for printing in the Congressional 
Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, 
provided that such statement has been submitted prior to 
the vote on passage. 
Subtitle D—Gandhi-King Scholarly 
Exchange Initiative Act 
SEC. 331. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Gandhi-King Schol-
arly Exchange Initiative Act’’. 
SEC. 332. FINDINGS. 
Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) The peoples of the United States and India 
have a long history of friendship and the interests of 
the peoples of the United States, India, and the world 
will benefit from a stronger United States-India part-
nership. 
(2) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Martin 
Luther King, Jr., were dedicated leaders fighting for 
social justice and social change, peace, and civil 
rights in their respective communities, and countries 
and in the world. 
(3) The use of nonviolent civil disobedience is a 
shared tactic that has played a key role in defeating 
social injustice in India, the United States, and in 
other parts of the world. 
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(4) Mohandas Gandhi, who was born on October 
2, 1869, was murdered on January 30, 1948, after 
dedicating his life to the peaceful empowerment of the 
people of India and to the end of British colonial 
rule. 
(5) Martin Luther King, Jr., who was born on 
January 15, 1929, was murdered on April 4, 1968, 
after a life dedicated to peaceful movements against 
segregation, discrimination, racial injustice, and pov-
erty. 
(6) In February 1959, Dr. King and his wife, 
Coretta Scott King, traveled throughout India. By the 
end of his monthlong visit, Dr. King said, ‘‘I am 
more convinced than ever before that the method of 
nonviolent resistance is the most potent weapon avail-
able to oppressed people in their struggle for justice 
and human dignity.’’. 
(7) Fifty years after Dr. King’s visit, All India 
Radio, the national radio station of India, discovered 
a taped message by Dr. King that emphasized the in-
tellectual harmony between the messages of Dr. King 
and Mohandas Gandhi on nonviolent social action. 
(8) On August 22, 2011, the Dr. Martin Luther 
King, Jr., National Memorial opened to the public in 
Washington, DC. This newest memorial on the Na-
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tional Mall pays tribute to Dr. King’s national and 
international contributions to world peace through 
nonviolent social change. 
(9) The 116th Congress coincides with both the 
150th birth anniversary of Mohandas Gandhi and the 
90th birth anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther King, 
Jr. 
(10) Mohandas Gandhi, who employed the prin-
ciple of satyagraha, or ‘‘fighting with peace’’, has 
come to represent the moral force inspiring many 
civil and social rights movement around the world. 
(11) Dr. King’s effective use of Gandhi’s prin-
ciples was instrumental to the American civil rights 
movement. 
(12) There is a long history of civil and social 
rights movements in the United States and in India. 
As the relationship between the United States and 
India evolves, a binational foundation through which 
the governments of each country can work together 
and catalyze private investment toward development 
objectives would provide an ongoing, productive insti-
tution and symbol of the friendship and common 
ideals of the respective governments and their peoples. 
(13) There is a global goal of ending tuberculosis 
by 2030, the United States and India seek a TB-Free 
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India by 2025, and the United States-India Gandhi- 
King Development Foundation, as described in this 
subtitle, could help address gaps across the TB value 
chain in prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treat-
ment, and catalyze market-based strategies to bridge 
the service gap for the ‘‘last mile’’. 
(14) Leaders in both countries have prioritized 
the United States-India relationship and continue to 
support a strengthened United States-India partner-
ship, recognizing that it will be one of the defining 
partnerships of the 21st century. 
SEC. 333. GANDHI-KING SCHOLARLY EXCHANGE INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to further the shared ideals 
and values of Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, 
Jr, the Secretary of State should establish, in cooperation 
with the appropriate representatives of the Government of 
India, a professional exchange program known as the 
‘‘Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative’’. The initia-
tive should be comprised of the following: 
(1) An annual educational forum for scholars 
from the United States and India that focuses on the 
social justice and human and civil rights legacies of 
Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., 
which should— 
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(A) be held alternately in the United States 
and in India; 
(B) include representatives from govern-
ments, nongovernmental organizations, civic or-
ganizations, and educational, cultural, women’s, 
civil, and human rights groups, including reli-
gious and ethnic minorities and marginalized 
communities; and 
(C) focus on studying the works of Gandhi 
and King, and applying their philosophies of 
nonviolent resistance to addressing current 
issues, including poverty alleviation, conflict 
mitigation, human and civil rights challenges, 
refugee crises, and threats to democracy and 
democratic norms in countries around the world. 
(2) An undergraduate, graduate, and post-grad-
uate student exchange for students in the United 
States and India to— 
(A) study the history and legacies of Martin 
Luther King, Jr., and Mohandas Gandhi; and 
(B) research, develop, and recommend best 
practices relating to peace, nonviolence, and rec-
onciliation in current conflict regions. 
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(b) SUNSET.—The authorities provided under this sec-
tion shall terminate on the date that is five years after the 
date of enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 334. GANDHI-KING GLOBAL ACADEMY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The president and chief executive 
officer of the United States Institute of Peace should create 
a professional development training initiative on conflict 
resolution tools based on the principles of nonviolence. Such 
training initiative shall be known as the Gandhi-King 
Global Academy and should— 
(1) include representatives from governments, 
nongovernmental organizations, civic organizations, 
and educational, cultural, women’s, civil, and human 
rights groups, including religious and ethnic minori-
ties and marginalized communities in countries with 
ongoing political, social, ethnic, or violent conflict; 
(2) include a specific focus on the success of non-
violent movements, inclusion, and representation in 
conflict resolution; 
(3) develop a curriculum on conflict resolution 
tools based on the principles of nonviolence; and 
(4) make the curriculum publicly available on-
line, in person, and through a variety of media. 
(b) PROHIBITION.—The United States Institute of 
Peace may not, in the course of any activity authorized by 
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subsection (a), enter into any contract with an outside enti-
ty to conduct advocacy on its behalf. 
(c) SUNSET.—The authorities provided under this sec-
tion shall terminate on the date that is five years after the 
date of enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 335. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNITED STATES-INDIA 
GANDHI-KING DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development 
(USAID), with the concurrence of the Secretary of State 
and in coordination with appropriate counterparts in the 
Government of India, is authorized to establish, on such 
terms and conditions as are determined necessary, one or 
more legal entities to compose the United States-India Gan-
dhi-King Development Foundation (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘Foundation’’). Each such legal entity within the 
Foundation shall be organized under the laws of India and 
shall not be considered to be an agency or establishment 
of the United States Government and shall not have the full 
faith and credit of the United States. 
(b) FUNCTIONS.—The Foundation, through one or 
more entities referred to in subsection (a)— 
(1) shall identify development priorities and ad-
minister and oversee competitively-awarded grants to 
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private nongovernmental entities to address such pri-
orities in India, including— 
(A) health initiatives addressing tuber-
culosis (TB), water, sanitation, and health 
(WASH), and pollution and related health im-
pacts (PHI); 
(B) pollution, plastic waste reduction, and 
climate-related shocks; 
(C) education; and 
(D) empowerment of women; 
(2) should provide credible platforms and models, 
including returnable capital to attract and blend pub-
lic and private capital, which can then be deployed 
efficiently and effectively to address the priorities 
identified in paragraph (1). 
(c) ADDITIONALITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Before an entity within the 
Foundation makes a grant under subsection (b)(1) to 
address a priority identified under such subsection, 
the Foundation shall ensure that private sector enti-
ties are afforded an opportunity to support the 
projects funded by such grants. 
(2) SAFEGUARDS, POLICIES, AND GUIDELINES.— 
The Foundation shall develop appropriate safeguards, 
policies, and guidelines to ensure that grants made 
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under subsection (b)(1) operate according to inter-
nationally recognized best practices and standards, 
including for transparency and accountability. 
(d) LIMITATIONS.—No party receiving a grant made 
under subsection (b)(1) may receive such grant in an 
amount that is more than five percent of amounts appro-
priated or otherwise made available under section 337(a)(3) 
to the entity in the Foundation making such grant. 
(e) GOVERNING COUNCIL.— 
(1) PURPOSE.—The Government of the United 
States and the Government of India shall convene a 
Governing Council to provide guidance and direction 
to the Foundation. 
(2) APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS.—The Adminis-
trator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, with the concurrence of the Secretary of 
State, shall appoint a majority of the Governing 
Council of the Foundation for a period of five years 
following the establishment of the Foundation. 
(3) CHARTER.—The Governing Council of the 
Foundation shall adopt a charter for the operation of 
the Foundation, which shall include provisions to— 
(A) identify development priorities or a 
process to identify development priorities; 
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(B) define criteria for application, merit re-
view, and transparent, competitive awarding of 
grants by the Foundation; 
(C) establish an annual organization-wide 
audit by an independent auditor in accordance 
with generally accepted auditing standards, the 
results of which shall be made immediately 
available to the Board, the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Develop-
ment, and the appropriate Government of India 
counterpart; 
(D) assist in the creation of project specific 
timetables for each of the projects funded by a 
grant from the Foundation; 
(E) establish an oversight role and march- 
in audit rights for the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Develop-
ment and the appropriate Government of India 
counterpart; and 
(F) establish an annual report on the ac-
tivities of the Foundation to be made publicly 
available. 
(f) PUBLICLY AVAILABLE PROJECT INFORMATION.— 
The Foundation shall maintain a user-friendly, publicly 
available, machine readable database with detailed project 
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level information, as appropriate, including a description 
of the grants made by the Foundation under this section 
and project level performance metrics. 
(g) DETAIL OF UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PER-
SONNEL TO THE FOUNDATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Whenever the Administrator 
of the United States Agency for International Devel-
opment or the Secretary of State determines it to be 
in furtherance of the purposes of this subtitle, the Ad-
ministrator and the Secretary are authorized to detail 
or assign any officer or employee of the Agency or the 
Department, respectively, to any position in the 
Foundation to provide technical, scientific, or profes-
sional assistance to the Foundation or, in cooperation 
with the Foundation, to implementing partners of the 
Foundation, without reimbursement to the United 
States Government. 
(2) STATUS.—Any United States Government of-
ficer or employee, while detailed or assigned under 
this subsection, shall be considered, for the purpose of 
preserving their allowances, privileges, rights, senior-
ity, and other benefits as such, an officer or employee 
of the United States Government and of the agency of 
the United States Government from which detailed or 
assigned, and shall continue to receive compensation, 
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allowances, and benefits from program funds appro-
priated to that agency or made available to that 
agency for purposes related to the activities of the de-
tail or assignment, in accordance with authorities re-
lated to their employment status and agency policies. 
(3) SUNSET.—The authorities provided under 
this subsection shall terminate on the date that is five 
years after the establishment of the Foundation. 
SEC. 336. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. 
(a) INITIAL REPORTS.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act— 
(1) the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate a report on 
the Secretary of State’s plan to establish the initiative 
authorized under section 333; 
(2) the president and chief executive officer of the 
United States Institute of Peace shall submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate a report on 
the president and chief executive officer’s plan to es-
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tablish the initiative authorized under section 334; 
and 
(3) the Administrator of the United States Agen-
cy for International Development shall submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate a report on 
the Administrator’s plan to establish the organization 
authorized under section 335. 
(b) PERIODIC UPDATES.—The Secretary of State, 
president and chief executive officer of the United States 
Institute of Peace, and Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development shall submit to the 
committees described in subsection (a)(3) an update on a 
semiannual basis regarding the progress in implementing 
each of the initiatives or establishing the organization re-
ferred to in such subsection. 
SEC. 337. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out— 
(1) section 333, up to $1,000,000 for each of fis-
cal years 2021 through 2025 to the Secretary of State 
(2) section 334, up to $2,000,000 for fiscal year 
2021 to the United States Institute of Peace; 
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(3) section 335, up to $30,000,000 for fiscal year 
2021 to the Administrator of the United States Agen-
cy for International Development; and 
(4) section 335, up to an additional $15,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2025 to the Ad-
ministrator of the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development, if the private sector in India 
commits amounts equal to that contributed by the 
United States. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 
FUNDS.—It is the sense of Congress that the authorization 
of appropriations under subsection (a) should be renewable 
for one or more periods of not more than 5 years if— 
(1) authorized by Congress; and 
(2) the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, determines that the Foun-
dation’s work is successful in addressing the priorities 
identified in section 335(b)(1) and that the private 
sector in India has committed funds to the Founda-
tion in accordance with subsection (a)(4). 
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Subtitle E—Tibetan Policy and 
Support Act of 2020 
SEC. 341. MODIFICATIONS TO AND REAUTHORIZATION OF 
TIBETAN POLICY ACT OF 2020. 
(a) TIBETAN NEGOTIATIONS.—Section 613 of the Ti-
betan Policy Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) 
by 
inserting 
‘‘without 
pre-
conditions’’ after ‘‘a dialogue’’; 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘or democratically- 
elected leaders of the Tibetan community’’ 
after ‘‘his representatives’’; and 
(iii) by inserting before the period at 
the end the following: ‘‘and should coordi-
nate with other governments in multilateral 
efforts toward this goal’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as 
paragraph (3); and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(2) POLICY COMMUNICATION.—The Secretary of 
State shall ensure that, in accordance with this Act, 
United States policy on Tibet, as coordinated by the 
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United States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues, 
is communicated to all Federal departments and 
agencies in contact with the Government of the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘until December 31, 
2021’’ and inserting ‘‘until December 31, 
2031’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘and direct the De-
partment of State to make public on its 
website’’ after ‘‘appropriate congressional 
committees’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’ ; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(3) the steps taken by the United States Gov-
ernment to promote the human rights and distinct re-
ligious, cultural, linguistic, and historical identity of 
the Tibetan people, including the right of the Tibetan 
people to select, educate, and venerate their own reli-
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gious leaders in accordance with their established reli-
gious practice and system.’’. 
(b) TIBET PROJECT PRINCIPLES.—Section 616 of such 
Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (5), by inserting ‘‘human 
rights,’’ after ‘‘respect Tibetan’’; 
(B) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (9)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘involuntary or co-
erced’’ after ‘‘nor facilitate the’’; and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(10) neither provide incentive for, nor facilitate 
the involuntary or coerced relocation of, Tibetan no-
mads from their traditional pasturelands into con-
centrated settlements.’’; 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(e) UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized 
to provide assistance to nongovernmental organiza-
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tions to support inclusive economic growth, resilience, 
global health, education, environmental stewardship, 
and cultural and historical preservation for Tibetan 
communities in Tibet, in accordance with the prin-
ciples specified in subsection (d). 
‘‘(2) 
COORDINATION.—Assistance 
authorized 
under paragraph (1) shall be carried out in coordina-
tion with the United States Special Coordinator for 
Tibetan Issues in accordance with section 621(d). 
‘‘(f) PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT.—The Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, 
should— 
‘‘(1) encourage United States businesses and in-
dividuals that are engaged in commerce or investing 
in enterprises in Tibet to be guided by the principles 
specified in subsection (d) and the United Nations 
Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights; 
and 
‘‘(2) hold regular consultations with businesses 
and individuals that are engaged in commerce or are 
investing in enterprises in Tibet about the principles 
referenced in paragraph (1) and the business prac-
tices of such businesses and individuals in Tibet.’’. 
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(c) DIPLOMATIC
REPRESENTATION
RELATING
TO 
TIBET.—Section 618 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 618. DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION RELATING TO 
TIBET. 
‘‘(a) UNITED STATES CONSULATE IN LHASA, TIBET.— 
The Secretary should seek to establish a United States con-
sulate in Lhasa, Tibet— 
‘‘(1) to provide consular services to United States 
citizens traveling in Tibet; and 
‘‘(2) to monitor political, economic, and cultural 
developments in Tibet. 
‘‘(b) POLICY.—The Secretary may not authorize the es-
tablishment in the United States of any additional con-
sulate of the People’s Republic of China until such time as 
a United States consulate in Lhasa, Tibet, is established 
under subsection (a). 
‘‘(c) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive the require-
ment under subsection (b), notwithstanding the lack of a 
United States consulate in Lhasa, not less than 30 days 
after the Secretary determines and reports to the appro-
priate congressional committees that it is in the national 
security interests of the United States to waive such require-
ments and submits to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report including— 
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‘‘(1) a specific and detailed rationale for the de-
termination that the waiver is in the national secu-
rity interests of the United States; and 
‘‘(2) a description of the efforts by the Depart-
ment of State to seek the establishment of a United 
States consulate in Lhasa.’’. 
(d) RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION
IN TIBET.—Section 
620(b) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended by 
inserting before the period at the end the following: ‘‘, in-
cluding with respect to the reincarnation system of Tibetan 
Buddhism’’. 
(e) UNITED STATES SPECIAL COORDINATOR FOR TI-
BETAN ISSUES.—Section 621 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 
note) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (c) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(c) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Special Coor-
dinator are to— 
‘‘(1) promote substantive dialogue without pre-
conditions, between the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China and the Dalai Lama, his or her 
representatives, or democratically elected leaders of 
the Tibetan community, or explore activities to im-
prove prospects for dialogue, that leads to a nego-
tiated agreement on Tibet; 
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‘‘(2) coordinate with other governments in multi-
lateral efforts towards the goal of a negotiated agree-
ment on Tibet; 
‘‘(3) encourage the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China to address the aspirations of the 
Tibetan people with regard to their distinct historical, 
cultural, religious, and linguistic identity; 
‘‘(4) promote the human rights of the Tibetan 
people; 
‘‘(5) promote activities to preserve environment 
and water resources of the Tibetan plateau; 
‘‘(6) encourage that any initiatives or activities 
for Tibetan communities in the Tibet Autonomous Re-
gion are conducted in accordance with the principles 
espoused in section 616(d); and 
‘‘(7) promote access to Tibet in accordance with 
the Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018 (Public 
Law 115–330).’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as 
paragraph (8); and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the fol-
lowing new paragraphs: 
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‘‘(6) provide guidance with respect to all projects 
carried out pursuant to assistance provided under 
section 616(e); 
‘‘(7) seek to establish international diplomatic 
coalitions to— 
‘‘(A) oppose any effort by the Government of 
the People’s Republic of China to select, educate, 
and venerate Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders 
in a manner inconsistent with the principle that 
the succession or identification of Tibetan Bud-
dhist lamas, including the Dalai Lama, should 
occur without interference, in a manner con-
sistent with traditional practice; and 
‘‘(B) ensure that the identification and in-
stallation of Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders, 
including any future Dalai Lama, is determined 
solely within the Tibetan Buddhist faith commu-
nity, in accordance with the internationally-rec-
ognized right to religious freedom; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(e) PERSONNEL.—The Secretary shall ensure that the 
Office of the Special Coordinator is adequately staffed at 
all times to assist in the management of the responsibilities 
of this section.’’. 
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SEC. 342. STATEMENT OF POLICY REGARDING THE SUCCES-
SION OR REINCARNATION OF THE DALAI 
LAMA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Tibetan Buddhism is practiced in many 
countries including Bhutan, India, Mongolia, Nepal, 
the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federa-
tion, and the United States, yet the Government of 
the People’s Republic of China has repeatedly insisted 
on its role in managing the selection of Tibet’s next 
spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, through actions 
such as those described in the ‘‘Measures on the Man-
agement of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas’’ in 
2007. 
(2) On March 19, 2019, Chinese Ministry of Af-
fairs spokesperson reiterated that the ‘‘reincarnation 
of living Buddhas including the Dalai Lama must 
comply with Chinese laws and regulations and follow 
religious rituals and historical conventions’’. 
(3) The Government of the People’s Republic of 
China has interfered in the process of recognizing a 
successor or reincarnation of Tibetan Buddhist lead-
ers, including in 1995 by arbitrarily detaining 
Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, a 6-year old boy who was 
identified as the 11th Panchen Lama, and purporting 
to install its own candidate as the Panchen Lama. 
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(4) The 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, issued 
a statement on September 24, 2011, explaining the 
traditions and spiritual precepts of the selection of 
Dalai Lamas, setting forth his views on the consider-
ations and process for selecting his successor, and pro-
viding a response to the Chinese government’s claims 
that only the Chinese government has the ultimate 
authority in the selection process of the Dalai Lama. 
(5) The 14th Dalai Lama said in his statement 
that the person who reincarnates has sole legitimate 
authority over where and how he or she takes rebirth 
and how that reincarnation is to be recognized and 
if there is a need for a 15th Dalai Lama to be recog-
nized, then the responsibility shall primarily rest 
with the officers of the Dalai Lama’s Gaden Phodrang 
Trust, who will be informed by the written instruc-
tions of the 14th Dalai Lama. 
(6) Since 2011, the 14th Dalai Lama has reiter-
ated publicly on numerous occasions that decisions on 
the successions, emanations, or reincarnations of the 
Dalai Lama belongs to the Tibetan Buddhist faith 
community alone. 
(7) On June 8, 2015, the United States House 
of Representatives unanimously approved House Res-
olution 337 which calls on the United States Govern-
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ment to ‘‘underscore that government interference in 
the Tibetan reincarnation process is a violation of the 
internationally recognized right to religious freedom 
. . . and to highlight the fact that other countries be-
sides China have long Tibetan Buddhist traditions, 
and that matters related to reincarnations in Tibetan 
Buddhism are of keen interest to Tibetan Buddhist 
populations worldwide’’. 
(8) On April 25, 2018, the United States Senate 
unanimously approved Senate Resolution 429 which 
‘‘expresses its sense that the identification and instal-
lation of Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders, includ-
ing a future 15th Dalai Lama, is a matter that 
should be determined solely within the Tibetan Bud-
dhist faith community, in accordance with the in-
alienable right to religious freedom’’. 
(9) The Department of State’s Report on Inter-
national Religious Freedom for 2018 reported on poli-
cies and efforts of the Government of the People’s Re-
public of China to exert control over the selection of 
Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders, including reincar-
nate lamas, and stated that ‘‘[United States] officials 
underscored that decisions on the reincarnation of the 
Dalai Lama should be made solely by faith leaders.’’. 
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4950 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States that— 
(1) decisions regarding the selection, education, 
and veneration of Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders 
are exclusively spiritual matters that should be made 
by the appropriate religious authorities within the 
Tibetan Buddhist tradition and in the context of the 
will of practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism; 
(2) the wishes of the 14th Dalai Lama, including 
any written instructions, should play a key role in 
the selection, education, and veneration of a future 
15th Dalai Lama; and 
(3) interference by the Government of the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China or any other government in 
the process of recognizing a successor or reincarnation 
of the 14th Dalai Lama and any future Dalai Lamas 
would represent a clear abuse of the right to religious 
freedom of Tibetan Buddhists and the Tibetan people. 
(c) HOLDING CHINESE OFFICIALS RESPONSIBLE FOR 
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ABUSES TARGETING TIBETAN BUD-
DHISTS.—It is the policy of the United States to take all 
appropriate measures to hold accountable senior officials of 
the Government of the People’s Republic of China or the 
Chinese Communist Party who directly interfere with the 
identification and installation of the future 15th Dalai 
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4951 
Lama of Tibetan Buddhism, successor to the 14th Dalai 
Lama, including by— 
(1) imposing sanctions pursuant to the Global 
Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (22 
U.S.C. 2656 note); and 
(2) prohibiting admission to the United States 
under section 212(a)(2)(G) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(G)). 
(d) DEPARTMENT OF STATE PROGRAMMING TO PRO-
MOTE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FOR TIBETAN BUDDHISTS.— 
Consistent with section 401 of the Frank R. Wolf Inter-
national Religious Freedom Act (Public Law 114–281; 130 
Stat. 1436), the Ambassador-at-Large for International Re-
ligious Freedom should support efforts to protect and pro-
mote international religious freedom in China and for pro-
grams to protect Tibetan Buddhism in China and else-
where. 
SEC. 343. POLICY REGARDING THE ENVIRONMENT AND 
WATER RESOURCES ON THE TIBETAN PLA-
TEAU. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Tibetan Plateau contains glaciers, rivers, 
grasslands, and other geographical and ecological fea-
tures that are crucial for supporting vegetation 
growth and biodiversity and regulating water flow 
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4952 
and supply for an estimated 1,800,000,000 people. 
Environmental changes threaten the glaciers in Tibet 
that feed the major rivers of South and East Asia, 
which 
supply 
freshwater 
to 
an 
estimated 
1,800,000,000 people. 
(2) 
Several 
factors, 
including 
temperature 
changes, 
large 
government-backed 
infrastructure 
projects, and resettlement of Tibetan nomads, are like-
ly to result in variable water flows in the future. 
(3) The grasslands of Tibet play a significant 
role in carbon production and sequestration and Ti-
bet’s rivers support wetlands that play a key role in 
water storage, water quality, and the regulation of 
water flow, support biodiversity, foster vegetation 
growth, and act as carbon sinks. 
(4) Traditional Tibetan grassland stewardship 
practices, which can be key to mitigating the negative 
effects of environmental changes on the Tibetan Pla-
teau, are undermined by the resettlement of nomads 
from Tibetan grasslands. 
(5) The People’s Republic of China has approxi-
mately 20 percent of the world’s population but only 
around 7 percent of the world’s water supply, while 
many countries in South and Southeast Asia rely on 
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4953 
the rivers flowing from the Himalayas of the Tibetan 
Plateau. 
(6) The People’s Republic of China has already 
completed water transfer programs diverting billions 
of cubic meters of water yearly and has plans to di-
vert more waters from the Tibetan plateau in China. 
(b) WATER RESOURCES IN TIBET AND THE TIBETAN 
WATERSHED.—The Secretary of State, in coordination 
with relevant agencies of the United States Government, 
should— 
(1) pursue collaborative efforts with Chinese and 
international scientific institutions, as appropriate, 
to monitor the environment on the Tibetan Plateau, 
including glacial retreat, temperature rise, and car-
bon levels, in order to promote a greater under-
standing of the effects on permafrost, river flows, 
grasslands and desertification, and the monsoon cycle; 
(2) engage with the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China, the Tibetan people, and non-
governmental organizations to encourage the partici-
pation of Tibetan nomads and other Tibetan stake-
holders in the development and implementation of 
grassland management policies, in order to utilize 
their indigenous experience in mitigation and stew-
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4954 
ardship of the land and to assess policies on the forced 
resettlement of nomads; and 
(3) encourage a regional framework on water se-
curity, or use existing frameworks, such as the Lower 
Mekong Initiative, to facilitate cooperative agreements 
among all riparian nations that would promote 
transparency, sharing of information, pollution regu-
lation, and arrangements on impounding and diver-
sion of waters that originate on the Tibetan Plateau. 
SEC. 344. DEMOCRACY IN THE TIBETAN EXILE COMMUNITY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The 14th Dalai Lama advocates the Middle 
Way Approach, which seeks genuine autonomy for the 
6,000,000 Tibetans in Tibet. 
(2) The 14th Dalai Lama has overseen a process 
of democratization within the Tibetan polity and de-
volved his political responsibilities to the elected rep-
resentatives of the Tibetan people in exile in 2011. 
(3) In 2011 and again in 2016, members of the 
Tibetan exile community across some 30 countries 
held free and fair elections to select political leaders 
to serve in the Central Tibetan Administration par-
liament and as chief executive. 
(4) The Dalai Lama has said that the Central 
Tibetan Administration will cease to exist once a ne-
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4955 
gotiated settlement has been achieved that allows Ti-
betans to freely enjoy their culture, religion, and lan-
guage in Tibet. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) Tibetan exile communities around the world 
should be commended for the adoption of a system of 
self-governance with democratic institutions to choose 
their leaders; 
(2) the Dalai Lama should be commended for his 
decision to devolve political authority to elected lead-
ers in accordance with democratic principles; 
(3) as of the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Central Tibetan Administration is the institution 
that represents and reflects, to the greatest extent, the 
aspirations of the Tibetan diaspora around the world, 
and the Sikyong is the President of the Central Ti-
betan Administration; and 
(4) as consistent with section 621(d)(3) of the Ti-
betan Policy Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note), the 
United States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues 
should continue to maintain close contact with the re-
ligious, cultural, and political leaders of the Tibetan 
people. 
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4956 
SEC. 345. SUSTAINABILITY IN TIBETAN COMMUNITIES 
SEEKING TO PRESERVE THEIR CULTURE, RE-
LIGION, AND LANGUAGE. 
The Secretary of State should urge the Government of 
Nepal to honor the Gentleman’s Agreement with the United 
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the Govern-
ment of India, which commits the Government of Nepal to 
respect the principle of non-refoulement by continuing to 
give Tibetan new arrivals access to the territory of Nepal 
and allowing them safe passage through Nepal to India. 
SEC. 346. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES SPECIAL COORDI-
NATOR FOR TIBETAN ISSUES.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 
through 2025 for the Office of the United States Special 
Coordinator for Tibetan Issues. 
(b) TIBETAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM AND NGAWANG 
CHOEPHEL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.— 
(1) TIBETAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $675,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2021 through 2025 to carry out the Ti-
betan scholarship program established under section 
103(b)(1) of the Human Rights, Refugee, and Other 
Foreign Relations Provisions Act of 1996 (Public 
Law 104–319; 22 U.S.C. 2151 note). 
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4957 
(2) 
NGAWANG
CHOEPHEL
EXCHANGE
PRO-
GRAMS.—There is authorized to be appropriated 
$575,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 
2025 to carry out the ‘‘Ngawang Choephel Exchange 
Programs’’ (formerly known as ‘‘programs of edu-
cational and cultural exchange between the United 
States and the people of Tibet’’) under section 103(a) 
of the Human Rights, Refugee, and Other Foreign Re-
lations Provisions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–319; 
110 Stat. 3865). 
(c) HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT TO TI-
BETAN REFUGEES IN SOUTH ASIA.—Amounts authorized 
to be appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out 
chapter 9 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.) and the Migration and Refugee 
Assistance Act of 1962 (Public Law 87–510) for each of the 
fiscal years 2021 through 2025 are authorized to be made 
available for humanitarian assistance, including food, med-
icine, clothing, and medical and vocational training, for 
Tibetan refugees in South Asia who have fled facing a cred-
ible threat of persecution in the People’s Republic of China. 
(d) TIBETAN AUTONOMOUS REGION
AND TIBETAN 
COMMUNITIES IN CHINA.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated $8,000,000 for each year of the fiscal years 2021 
through 2025 under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign As-
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4958 
sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et seq.) to support 
activities for Tibetan communities in the Tibet Autonomous 
Region and in other Tibetan communities in China that 
are conducted in accordance with subsection 616(d) of the 
Tibetan Policy Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note). 
(e) ASSISTANCE
FOR
TIBETANS
IN
INDIA
AND 
NEPAL.—There is authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 under chapter 
4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2346 et seq.) for programs to promote and preserve Tibetan 
culture and language development, and the resilience of Ti-
betan communities in India and Nepal, and to assist in 
the education and development of the next generation of Ti-
betan leaders from such communities. 
(f) TIBETAN GOVERNANCE.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated $3,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 
through 2025 under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et seq.) for programs 
to strengthen the capacity of Tibetan institutions and 
strengthen democracy, governance, information and inter-
national outreach, and research. 
(g) VOICE OF AMERICA AND RADIO FREE ASIA.— 
(1) VOICE OF AMERICA.—There is authorized to 
be appropriated $3,344,000 for each of the fiscal years 
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4959 
2021 through 2025 to Voice of America for broadcasts 
described in paragraph (3). 
(2) RADIO FREE ASIA.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated $4,060,000 for each of the fiscal years 
2021 through 2025 to Radio Free Asia for broadcasts 
described in paragraph (3). 
(3) BROADCASTS
DESCRIBED.—Broadcasts de-
scribed in this paragraph are broadcasts to provide 
uncensored news and information in the Tibetan lan-
guage to Tibetans, including Tibetans in Tibet. 
Subtitle F—The United States – 
Northern 
Triangle 
Enhanced 
Engagement Act 
SEC. 351. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘The United States 
– Northern Triangle Enhanced Engagement Act’’. 
SEC. 352. STRATEGY TO ADVANCE PROSPERITY, COMBAT 
CORRUPTION, 
STRENGTHEN 
DEMOCRATIC 
GOVERNANCE, AND IMPROVE CIVILIAN SECU-
RITY IN EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, AND 
HONDURAS. 
(a) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 
in coordination with the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development, and the heads of 
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4960 
other relevant Federal agencies, shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a 5-year strategy to ad-
vance economic prosperity, combat corruption, strengthen 
democratic governance, and improve civilian security in El 
Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras and to curb irregular 
migration from the region. 
(b) CONSIDERATION.—In developing the strategy re-
quired under this section, the Secretary of State should con-
sider the following priorities: 
(1) Promoting economic prosperity, including 
by— 
(A) supporting market-based solutions to 
eliminate constraints to inclusive economic 
growth; 
(B) addressing the underlying causes of 
poverty and inequality; 
(C) responding to immediate humanitarian 
needs by improving humanitarian outcomes, in-
cluding through access to sanitation, hygiene, 
and shelter, and by enabling the provision of 
health resources; 
(D) supporting conservation and commu-
nity resilience and strengthening community 
preparedness for natural disasters; 
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4961 
(E) identifying, as appropriate, a role for 
relevant United States agencies and the United 
States private sector in supporting efforts to in-
crease private sector investment and advance 
economic prosperity; and 
(F) improving domestic resource mobiliza-
tion, including by strengthening tax collection 
and enforcement and legal arbitration mecha-
nisms. 
(2) Combating corruption, including by— 
(A) strengthening the capacity of national 
justice systems and attorneys generals to identify 
and prosecute money laundering and other fi-
nancial crimes and breaking up financial hold-
ings of organized criminal syndicates, including 
illegally acquired lands and proceeds from illegal 
activities; 
(B) strengthening special prosecutorial of-
fices and financial institutions to conduct asset 
forfeitures and criminal analysis, and to combat 
corruption, money laundering, financial crimes, 
extortion, and human rights crimes; 
(C) implementing transparent, merit-based 
selection processes for prosecutors and judges and 
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4962 
the development of professional and merit-based 
civil services; 
(D) establishing or strengthening methods, 
procedures for internal and external control 
mechanisms for the security and police services 
and judiciary; and 
(E) 
supporting 
anticorruption 
efforts 
through bilateral assistance and complementary 
support through multilateral anticorruption 
mechanisms when necessary. 
(3) Advancing democratic governance, including 
by— 
(A) strengthening government institutions 
at the local and national levels to provide serv-
ices and respond to citizen needs through trans-
parent, inclusive, and democratic processes; 
(B) strengthening access to information 
laws and reforming laws that currently limit ac-
cess to information; 
(C) building the capacity of independent 
media to engage in professional investigative 
journalism; 
(D) ensuring that threats and attacks on 
journalists, labor leaders, human rights defend-
ers, and other members of civil society are fully 
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4963 
investigated and perpetrators are held account-
able; and 
(E) strengthening electoral institutions and 
processes to ensure free, fair, and transparent 
elections. 
(4) Improving security conditions, including 
by— 
(A) implementing the Central America Re-
gional Security Initiative; 
(B) increasing the professionalization of se-
curity services, including the civilian police and 
military units; 
(C) combating the illicit activities of 
transnational criminal organizations through 
support to fully vetted elements of attorneys gen-
eral offices, appropriate government institutions, 
and security services; and 
(D) enhancing the capacity of relevant secu-
rity services and attorneys general to support 
counternarcotics efforts and combat human traf-
ficking, forcible recruitment of children and 
youth by gangs, gender-based violence, and other 
illicit activities, including trafficking of wildlife, 
and natural resources. 
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4964 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strategy re-
quired under this section, the Secretary of State may con-
sult with civil society and the private sector in the United 
States, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. 
(d) BENCHMARKS.—The strategy required under this 
section shall include annual benchmarks to track the strat-
egy’s progress in curbing irregular migration from the re-
gion to the United States and improving conditions in El 
Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras by measuring 
progress in key areas, including— 
(1) reducing poverty and unemployment, in-
creasing private sector investment, responding to im-
mediate humanitarian needs, sustainably reinte-
grating returnees, supporting conservation and com-
munity resilience, and addressing forced displacement 
in accordance with the priorities outlined in sub-
section (b)(1); 
(2) strengthening national justice systems and 
attorneys 
generals, 
supporting 
multilateral 
anticorruption mechanisms, identifying and pros-
ecuting money laundering and other financial crimes, 
breaking up financial holdings of organized criminal 
syndicates, and advancing judicial integrity and in-
vestigative capacity of local authorities in accordance 
with the priorities outlined in subsection (b)(2); 
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(3) strengthening government institutions at the 
local and national levels to provide services and re-
spond to citizen needs through transparent, inclusive, 
and democratic processes, promoting human rights, 
building the capacity of independent media, devel-
oping the capacity of civil society to conduct over-
sight, affording legal protections for human rights de-
fenders and members of civil society, and strength-
ening electoral institutions in accordance with prior-
ities outlined in subsection (b)(3); and 
(4) implementing the objectives stated under the 
Central America Regional Security Initiative and 
building the capacity of civilian security services in 
accordance with the priorities outlined in subsection 
(b)(4). 
(e) PUBLIC DIPLOMACY.—The strategy required under 
this section shall include a public diplomacy strategy for 
educating citizens of the region about United States assist-
ance and its benefits to them, and informing such citizens 
of the dangers of irregular migration to the United States. 
(f) ANNUAL PROGRESS UPDATES.—Not later than 1 
year after the submission of the strategy required under this 
section and annually thereafter for 4 years, the Secretary 
of State shall provide the appropriate congressional com-
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4966 
mittees with a written description of progress made in 
meeting the benchmarks established in the strategy. 
(g) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—The strategy required 
under this section shall be made publicly available on the 
website of the Department of State. If appropriate, a classi-
fied annex may be submitted to the appropriate congres-
sional committees. 
(h) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
SEC. 353. TARGETED SANCTIONS TO FIGHT CORRUPTION IN 
EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, AND HONDURAS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala, and 
Honduras by private citizens and select officials in 
local, regional, and Federal governments significantly 
damages the economies of such countries and deprives 
citizens of opportunities; 
(2) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala, and 
Honduras is facilitated and carried out not only by 
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private citizens and select officials from those coun-
tries but also in many instances by individuals from 
third countries; and 
(3) imposing targeted sanctions on individuals 
from throughout the world and particularly in the 
Western Hemisphere who are engaged in acts of sig-
nificant corruption that impact El Salvador, Guate-
mala, and Honduras or obstruction of investigations 
into such acts of corruption will benefit the citizens 
and governments of such countries. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less fre-
quently than annually thereafter, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified 
report with classified annex if necessary that identifies each 
foreign person who the President determines to have know-
ingly engaged in actions that undermine democratic proc-
esses or institutions, or in significant corruption or obstruc-
tion of investigations into such acts of corruption in El Sal-
vador, Guatemala, and Honduras, including the following: 
(1) Corruption related to government contracts. 
(2) Bribery and extortion. 
(3) The facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of 
corruption, including through money laundering. 
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4968 
(4) Acts of violence, harassment, or intimidation 
directed at governmental and nongovernmental cor-
ruption investigators. 
(c) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 
impose the sanctions described in subsection (d) with re-
spect to each foreign person identified in the report required 
under subsection (b). 
(d) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The sanctions described in 
this subsection are the following: 
(A) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS AND ADMIS-
SION TO THE UNITED STATES.—In the case of a 
foreign person who is an individual, such foreign 
person is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
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(i) IN GENERAL.—The issuing consular 
officer or the Secretary of State, (or a des-
ignee of the Secretary of State) shall, in ac-
cordance with section 221(i) of the Immi-
gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1201(i)), revoke any visa or other entry doc-
umentation issued to a foreign person re-
gardless of when the visa or other entry doc-
umentation is issued. 
(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A rev-
ocation under clause (i) shall— 
(I) take effect immediately; and 
(II) automatically cancel any 
other valid visa or entry documenta-
tion that is in the foreign person’s pos-
session. 
(2) 
EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY
WITH
INTER-
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS.—Sanctions under subpara-
graph (B) and (C) of paragraph (1) shall not apply 
with respect to a foreign person if admitting or parol-
ing such person into the United States is necessary to 
permit the United States to comply with the Agree-
ment regarding the Headquarters of the United Na-
tions, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and en-
tered into force November 21, 1947, between the 
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United Nations and the United States, or other appli-
cable international obligations. 
(e) NATIONAL SECURITY WAIVER.—The President may 
waive the application of the sanctions under subsection (c) 
if the President— 
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the na-
tional security interest of the United States; and 
(2) submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees within 15 days after such determination 
a notice of and justification for the waiver. 
(f) TERMINATION.—The authority to impose sanctions 
under subsection (b), and any sanctions imposed pursuant 
to such authority, shall expire on the date that is 3 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(g) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—The unclassified portion 
of the report required by subsection (b) shall be made avail-
able to the public, including through publication in the Fed-
eral Register. In any case in which the President concludes 
that such publication would be harmful to the national se-
curity of the United States, only a statement that a deter-
mination or finding has been made by the President, in-
cluding the name and section of the Act under which it was 
made, shall be published. 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
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(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
Subtitle G—Other Provisions 
SEC. 361. OFFICE OF SANCTIONS COORDINATION. 
(a) OFFICE OF SANCTIONS COORDINATION OF THE DE-
PARTMENT OF STATE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the State Depart-
ment Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(h) OFFICE OF SANCTIONS COORDINATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is established, within 
the Department of State, an Office of Sanctions Co-
ordination (in this subsection referred to as the ‘Of-
fice’). 
‘‘(2) HEAD.—The head of the Office shall— 
‘‘(A) have the rank and status of ambas-
sador; 
‘‘(B) be appointed by the President, by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate; and 
‘‘(C) report directly to the Secretary of 
State. 
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‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The head of the Office shall— 
‘‘(A) exercise sanctions authorities delegated 
to the Secretary; 
‘‘(B) serve as the principal advisor to the 
senior management of the Department and the 
Secretary regarding the development and imple-
mentation of sanctions policy; 
‘‘(C) serve as the lead representative of the 
United States in diplomatic engagement on 
sanctions matters; 
‘‘(D) consult and closely coordinate with al-
lies and partners of the United States, including 
the United Kingdom, the European Union and 
member countries of the European Union, Can-
ada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and South 
Korea, to ensure the maximum effectiveness of 
sanctions imposed by the United States and such 
allies and partners; 
‘‘(E) serve as the coordinator for the devel-
opment and implementation of sanctions policy 
with respect to all activities, policies, and pro-
grams of all bureaus and offices of the Depart-
ment relating to the development and implemen-
tation of sanctions policy; and 
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‘‘(F) serve as the lead representative of the 
Department in interagency discussions with re-
spect to the development and implementation of 
sanctions policy. 
‘‘(4) DIRECT HIRE AUTHORITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The head of the Office 
may appoint, without regard to the provisions of 
sections 3309 through 3318 of title 5, United 
States Code, candidates directly to positions in 
the competitive service, as defined in section 
2102 of that title, in the Office. 
‘‘(B) TERMINATION.—The authority pro-
vided under subparagraph (A) shall terminate 
on the date that is two years after the date of the 
enactment of this subsection.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(c)(3) 
of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 
1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(c)(3)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(C) COORDINATION.—The Assistant Sec-
retary authorized under subparagraph (A) shall 
coordinate with the Office of Sanctions Coordi-
nation established under subsection (h) with re-
spect to the development and implementation of 
economic sanctions.’’. 
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(3) BRIEFING
REQUIRED.—Not later than 60 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
every 90 days thereafter until the date that is two 
years after such date of enactment, the Secretary of 
State shall brief the appropriate congressional com-
mittees on the efforts of the Department of State to 
establish the Office of Sanctions Coordination pursu-
ant to subsection (h) of section 1 of the State Depart-
ment Basic Authorities Act of 1956, as added by 
paragraph (1), including a description of— 
(A) measures taken to implement the re-
quirements of such subsection and to establish the 
Office; 
(B) actions taken by the Office to carry out 
the duties listed in paragraph (3) of such sub-
section; 
(C) the resources devoted to the Office, in-
cluding the number of employees working in the 
Office; and 
(D) plans for the use of the direct hire au-
thority provided under paragraph (4) of such 
subsection. 
(b) COORDINATION WITH ALLIES AND PARTNERS OF 
THE UNITED STATES.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall 
develop and implement mechanisms and programs, as 
appropriate, through the head of the Office of Sanc-
tions Coordination established pursuant to subsection 
(h) of section 1 of the State Department Basic Au-
thorities Act of 1956, as added by subsection (a)(1), 
to coordinate the development and implementation of 
United States sanctions policies with allies and part-
ners of the United States, including the United King-
dom, the European Union and member countries of 
the European Union, Canada, Australia, New Zea-
land, Japan, and South Korea. 
(2) 
INFORMATION
SHARING.—The 
Secretary 
should pursue the development and implementation of 
mechanisms and programs under paragraph (1), as 
appropriate, that involve the sharing of information 
with respect to policy development and sanctions im-
plementation. 
(3) CAPACITY BUILDING.—The Secretary should 
pursue efforts, in coordination with the Secretary of 
the Treasury and the head of any other Federal agen-
cy the Secretary considers appropriate, to assist allies 
and partners of the United States, including the 
countries specified in paragraph (1), as appropriate, 
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4976 
in the development of their legal and technical capac-
ities to develop and implement sanctions authorities. 
(4) EXCHANGE
PROGRAMS.—In furtherance of 
the efforts described in paragraph (3), the Secretary, 
in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury 
and the head of any other Federal agency the Sec-
retary considers appropriate, may enter into agree-
ments with counterpart agencies in foreign govern-
ments establishing exchange programs for the tem-
porary detail of Federal Government employees to 
share information and expertise with respect to the 
development and implementation of sanctions au-
thorities. 
(5) BRIEFING
REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
every 180 days thereafter until the date that is five 
years after such date of enactment, the Secretary of 
State shall brief the appropriate congressional com-
mittees on the efforts of the Department of State to 
implement this section, including a description of— 
(A) measures taken to implement paragraph 
(1); 
(B) actions taken pursuant to paragraphs 
(2) through (4); 
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(C) the extent of coordination between the 
United States and allies and partners of the 
United States, including the countries specified 
in paragraph (1), with respect to the develop-
ment and implementation of sanctions policy; 
and 
(D) obstacles preventing closer coordination 
between the United States and such allies and 
partners with respect to the development and im-
plementation of sanctions policy. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that the President should appoint a coordinator for 
sanctions and national economic security issues within the 
framework of the National Security Council. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
the Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs, and the Committee on Finance of the 
Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Financial Services, the Committee on Over-
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sight and Reform, and the Committee on Way and 
Means of the House of Representatives. 
TITLE IV—SENATE SERGEANT AT 
ARMS CLOUD SERVICES 
SEC. 401. SENATE SERGEANT AT ARMS CLOUD SERVICES. 
(a) Section 10 of the Legislative Branch Appropria-
tions Act, 2005 (2 U.S.C. 6628) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection 
(h); and 
(2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘agent of the Office of the SAA’ in-
cludes a provider of electronic communication service 
or remote computing service commissioned or used 
through the Office of the SAA by a Senate office to 
provide such services to the Senate office; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘electronic communication service’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 2510 of 
title 18, United States Code; 
‘‘(3) the term ‘Office of the SAA’ means the Of-
fice of the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the 
Senate; 
‘‘(4) the term ‘provider for a Senate office’ 
means a provider of electronic communication service 
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4979 
or remote computing service directly commissioned or 
used by a Senate office to provide such services; 
‘‘(5) the term ‘remote computing service’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 2711 of title 18, 
United States Code; 
‘‘(6) the term ‘Senate data’, with respect to a 
Senate office, means any electronic mail or other elec-
tronic or data communication, other data (including 
metadata), or other information of the Senate office; 
and 
‘‘(7) the term ‘Senate office’ means a committee 
or office of the Senate, including a Senator, an officer 
of the Senate, or an employee of, intern at, or other 
agent of a committee or office of the Senate. 
‘‘(b) TREATMENT.— 
‘‘(1) RETAINING POSSESSION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A Senate office shall be 
deemed to retain possession of any Senate data 
of the Senate office, without regard to the use by 
the Senate office of any individual or entity de-
scribed in paragraph (2) for the purposes of any 
function or service described in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(B) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Subpara-
graph (A) shall not be construed to limit the use 
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4980 
by an intended recipient of any Senate data 
from a Senate office. 
‘‘(2) SERGEANT AT ARMS AND PROVIDERS FOR A 
SENATE OFFICE.—The Office of the SAA, any officer, 
employee, or agent of the Office of the SAA, and any 
provider for a Senate office shall not be treated as ac-
quiring possession, custody, or control of any Senate 
data by reason of its being transmitted, processed, or 
stored (whether temporarily or otherwise) through the 
use of an electronic system established, maintained, or 
operated, or the use of electronic services provided, in 
whole or in part by the Office of the SAA, the officer, 
employee, or agent of the Office of the SAA, or the 
provider for the Senate office. 
‘‘(c) NOTIFICATION.—Notwithstanding any other pro-
vision of law or rule of civil or criminal procedure, the Of-
fice of the SAA, any officer, employee, or agent of the Office 
of the SAA, and any provider for a Senate office that is 
providing services to or used by a Senate office shall not 
be barred, through operation of any court order or any stat-
utory provision, from notifying the Senate office of any 
legal process seeking disclosure of Senate data of the Senate 
office that is transmitted, processed, or stored (whether tem-
porarily or otherwise) through the use of an electronic sys-
tem established, maintained, or operated, or the use of elec-
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4981 
tronic services provided, in whole or in part by the Office 
of the SAA, the officer, employee, or agent of the Office of 
the SAA, or the provider for a Senate office. 
‘‘(d) MOTIONS TO QUASH OR MODIFY.—Upon a mo-
tion made promptly by a Senate office or provider for a 
Senate office, a court of competent jurisdiction shall quash 
or modify any legal process directed to the provider for a 
Senate office if compliance with the legal process would re-
quire the disclosure of Senate data of the Senate office. 
‘‘(e) INFORMATION
REGARDING
IMPLICATIONS
OF 
USING PROVIDERS.—The Office of the SAA, in consultation 
with the Senate Legal Counsel, shall provide information 
to each Senate office that commissions or uses a provider 
of electronic communication service or remote computing 
service to provide such services to the Senate office regard-
ing the potential constitutional implications and the poten-
tial impact on privileges that may be asserted by the Senate 
office. 
‘‘(f) APPLICABLE PRIVILEGES.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed to limit or supersede any applicable 
privilege, immunity, or other objection that may apply to 
the disclosure of Senate data. 
‘‘(g) PREEMPTION.—Except as provided in this sec-
tion, any provision of law or rule of civil or criminal proce-
dure of any State, political subdivision, or agency thereof, 
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4982 
which is inconsistent with this section shall be deemed to 
be preempted and superseded.’’. 
(b)(1) In this subsection, the terms ‘‘Senate data’’ and 
‘‘Senate office’’ have the meanings given such terms in sec-
tion 10 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2005, 
as amended by subsection (a) of this section. 
(2) The amendments made by this section shall— 
(A) take effect as though included in the Legisla-
tive Branch Appropriations Act, 2005 (division G of 
Public Law 108–447; 118 Stat. 3166); and 
(B) apply with respect to— 
(i) any legal process seeking disclosure of 
Senate data of a Senate office that is filed, 
issued, or made on or after the date of enactment 
of this Act; and 
(ii) any matter that is pending on or after 
the date of enactment of this Act that relates to 
legal process described in clause (i) that is filed, 
issued, or made before the date of enactment of 
this Act, unless the Senate data of the Senate of-
fice was disclosed in accordance with such legal 
process before the date of enactment of this Act. 
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4983 
TITLE V—REPEAL OF REQUIRE-
MENT TO SELL CERTAIN FED-
ERAL PROPERTY IN PLUM IS-
LAND, NEW YORK 
SEC. 501. REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT TO SELL CERTAIN 
FEDERAL PROPERTY IN PLUM ISLAND, NEW 
YORK. 
(a) REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT IN PUBLIC LAW 110– 
329.—Section 540 of the Department of Homeland Security 
Appropriations Act, 2009 (division D of Public Law 110– 
329; 122 Stat. 3688) is repealed. 
(b) REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT IN PUBLIC LAW 112– 
74.—Section 538 of the Department of Homeland Security 
Appropriations Act, 2012 (6 U.S.C. 190 note; division D 
of Public Law 112–74) is repealed. 
(c) REQUIREMENT.—The Administrator of General 
Services shall ensure that— 
(1) Federal property commonly known as Plum 
Island, New York, including the Orient point facility, 
all real and personal property and transportation as-
sets that support Plum Island operations and access 
to Plum Island, be disposed of as a single consoli-
dated asset; and 
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4984 
(2) such disposal is subject to conditions as may 
be necessary to protect Government interests and meet 
program requirements. 
TITLE VI—PREVENTING ONLINE 
SALES OF E-CIGARETTES TO 
CHILDREN 
SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Preventing Online Sales 
of E-Cigarettes to Children Act’’. 
SEC. 602. AMENDMENTS TO THE JENKINS ACT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Act entitled ‘‘An Act to assist 
States in collecting sales and use taxes on cigarettes’’, ap-
proved October 19, 1949 (commonly known as the ‘‘Jenkins 
Act’’) (15 U.S.C. 375 et seq.), is amended— 
(1) in section 1 (15 U.S.C. 375)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)(A)(ii)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘includes roll-your-own 
tobacco’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘in-
cludes— 
‘‘(I) roll-your-own tobacco’’; 
(ii) in subclause (I), as so designated, 
by striking the period at the end and insert-
ing ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘(II) an electronic nicotine deliv-
ery system.’’; 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(7) 
through (14) as paragraphs (8) through (15), re-
spectively; and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (6) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(7) ELECTRONIC
NICOTINE
DELIVERY
SYS-
TEM.—The term ‘electronic nicotine delivery sys-
tem’— 
‘‘(A) means any electronic device that, 
through an aerosolized solution, delivers nicotine, 
flavor, or any other substance to the user inhal-
ing from the device; 
‘‘(B) includes— 
‘‘(i) an e-cigarette; 
‘‘(ii) an e-hookah; 
‘‘(iii) an e-cigar; 
‘‘(iv) a vape pen; 
‘‘(v) an advanced refillable personal 
vaporizer; 
‘‘(vi) an electronic pipe; and 
‘‘(vii) any component, liquid, part, or 
accessory of a device described in subpara-
graph (A), without regard to whether the 
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4986 
component, liquid, part, or accessory is sold 
separately from the device; and 
‘‘(C) does not include a product that is— 
‘‘(i) approved by the Food and Drug 
Administration for— 
‘‘(I) sale as a tobacco cessation 
product; or 
‘‘(II) any other therapeutic pur-
pose; and 
‘‘(ii) marketed and sold solely for a 
purpose described in clause (i).’’; and 
(2) in section 2A(b)(1) (15 U.S.C. 376a(b)(1)), 
by 
inserting 
‘‘NICOTINE/’’ 
after 
‘‘CIGARETTES/’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section, and the amend-
ments made by this section, shall take effect on the date 
that is 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section, 
or an amendment made by this section, may be construed 
to affect or otherwise alter any provision of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), in-
cluding its implementing regulations. 
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4987 
SEC. 603. NONMAILABILITY OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DE-
LIVERY SYSTEMS. 
(a) REGULATIONS.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the United States Postal Serv-
ice shall promulgate regulations to clarify the applicability 
of the prohibition on mailing of cigarettes under section 
1716E of title 18, United States Code, to electronic nicotine 
delivery systems, in accordance with the amendment to the 
definition of ‘‘cigarette’’ made by section 602. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The prohibition on mailing of 
cigarettes under section 1716E of title 18, United States 
Code, shall apply to electronic nicotine delivery systems on 
and after the date on which the United States Postal Service 
promulgates regulations under subsection (a) of this section. 
TITLE VII—FAFSA 
SIMPLIFICATION 
SEC. 701. SHORT TITLE; EFFECTIVE DATE. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the 
‘‘FAFSA Simplification Act’’. 
(b) GENERAL EFFECTIVE DATE.—Except as otherwise 
expressly provided, this Act, and the amendments made by 
this title to the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001 et seq.), shall take effect on July 1, 2023, and shall 
apply with respect to award year 2023–2024 and each sub-
sequent award year, as determined under the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965. The Secretary of Education shall have 
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the authority to take such steps as are necessary before July 
1, 2023, to provide for the orderly implementation on such 
date of the amendments to the Higher Education Act of 
1965 made by this Act. 
SEC. 702. MAKING IT EASIER TO APPLY FOR FEDERAL AID 
AND MAKING THAT AID PREDICTABLE. 
(a) NEED ANALYSIS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 471 of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087kk) is amend-
ed to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 471. AMOUNT OF NEED. 
‘‘Except as otherwise provided therein, for award year 
2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, the amount 
of need of any student for financial assistance under this 
title (except subpart 1 or 2 of part A) is equal to— 
‘‘(1) the cost of attendance of such student, 
minus 
‘‘(2) the student aid index (as defined in section 
473) for such student, minus 
‘‘(3) other financial assistance not received under 
this title (as defined in section 480(i)).’’. 
(2) MAXIMUM AID UNDER PART D.—Section 451 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1087a) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘(c) MAXIMUM AID.—The maximum dollar amount of 
financial assistance provided under this part to a student 
shall not exceed the cost of attendance for such student.’’. 
(3) GUIDANCE
TO
STATES.—The Secretary of 
Education shall issue guidance for States on interpre-
tation and implementation of the terminology and 
formula adjustments made to the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) under the 
amendments by this Act, including the student aid 
index, formerly known as the expected family con-
tribution, and the need analysis formulas. 
(b) COST
OF
ATTENDANCE
AND
STUDENT
AID 
INDEX.—Sections 472 and 473 of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087ll and 1087mm) are amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 472. COST OF ATTENDANCE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For the purpose of this title, the 
term ‘cost of attendance’ means— 
‘‘(1) tuition and fees normally assessed a student 
carrying the same academic workload as determined 
by the institution; 
‘‘(2) an allowance for books, course materials, 
supplies, and equipment, which shall include all such 
costs required of all such students in the same course 
of study, including a reasonable allowance for the 
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documented rental or upfront purchase of a personal 
computer, as determined by the institution; 
‘‘(3) an allowance for transportation, which may 
include transportation between campus, residences, 
and place of work, as determined by the institution; 
‘‘(4) an allowance for miscellaneous personal ex-
penses, for a student attending the institution on at 
least a half-time basis, as determined by the institu-
tion; 
‘‘(5) an allowance for living expenses, including 
food and housing costs, to be incurred by the student 
attending the institution on at least a half-time basis, 
as determined by the institution, which shall in-
clude— 
‘‘(A) for a student electing institutionally 
owned or operated food services, such as board or 
meal plans, a standard allowance for such serv-
ices that provides the equivalent of three meals 
each day; 
‘‘(B) for a student not electing institution-
ally owned or operated food services, such as 
board or meal plans, a standard allowance for 
purchasing food off campus that provides the 
equivalent of three meals each day; 
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‘‘(C) for a student without dependents resid-
ing in institutionally owned or operated housing, 
a standard allowance determined by the institu-
tion based on the average or median amount as-
sessed to such residents for housing charges, 
whichever is greater; 
‘‘(D) for a student with dependents residing 
in institutionally owned or operated housing, a 
standard allowance determined by the institution 
based on the average or median amount assessed 
to such residents for housing charges, whichever 
is greater; 
‘‘(E) for a student living off campus, and 
not in institutionally owned or operated housing, 
a standard allowance for rent or other housing 
costs; 
‘‘(F) for a dependent student residing at 
home with parents, a standard allowance that 
shall not be zero determined by the institution; 
‘‘(G) for a student living in housing located 
on a military base or for which a basic allow-
ance is provided under section 403(b) of title 37, 
United States Code, a standard allowance for 
food based upon such student’s choice of pur-
chasing food on-campus or off-campus (deter-
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mined respectively in accordance with subpara-
graph (A) or (B)), but not for housing costs; and 
‘‘(H) for all other students, an allowance 
based on the expenses reasonably incurred by 
such students for housing and food; 
‘‘(6) for a student engaged in a program of study 
by correspondence, only tuition and fees and, if re-
quired, books and supplies, travel, and housing and 
food costs incurred specifically in fulfilling a required 
period of residential training; 
‘‘(7) for a confined or incarcerated student, only 
tuition, fees, books, course materials, supplies, equip-
ment, and the cost of obtaining a license, certifi-
cation, or a first professional credential in accordance 
with paragraph (14); 
‘‘(8) for a student enrolled in an academic pro-
gram in a program of study abroad approved for 
credit by the student’s home institution, reasonable 
costs associated with such study (as determined by the 
institution at which such student is enrolled); 
‘‘(9) for a student with one or more dependents, 
an allowance based on the estimated actual expenses 
incurred for such dependent care, based on the num-
ber and age of such dependents, except that— 
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‘‘(A) such allowance shall not exceed the 
reasonable cost in the community in which such 
student resides for the kind of care provided; and 
‘‘(B) the period for which dependent care is 
required includes, but is not limited to, class- 
time, study-time, field work, internships, and 
commuting time; 
‘‘(10) for a student with a disability, an allow-
ance (as determined by the institution) for those ex-
penses related to the student’s disability, including 
special services, personal assistance, transportation, 
equipment, and supplies that are reasonably incurred 
and not provided for by other assisting agencies; 
‘‘(11) for a student receiving all or part of the 
student’s instruction by means of telecommunications 
technology, no distinction shall be made with respect 
to the mode of instruction in determining costs; 
‘‘(12) for a student engaged in a work experience 
under a cooperative education program, an allowance 
for reasonable costs associated with such employment 
(as determined by the institution); 
‘‘(13) for a student who receives a Federal stu-
dent loan made under this title or any other Federal 
law, to cover a student’s cost of attendance at the in-
stitution, an allowance for the actual cost of any loan 
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fee, origination fee, or insurance premium charged to 
such student or the parent of such student on such 
loan; and 
‘‘(14) for a student in a program requiring pro-
fessional licensure, certification, or a first professional 
credential, the cost of obtaining the license, certifi-
cation, or a first professional credential. 
‘‘(b) SPECIAL RULE FOR LIVING EXPENSES FOR LESS- 
THAN-HALF-TIME STUDENTS.—For students attending an 
institution of higher education less than half-time, an insti-
tution of higher education may include an allowance for 
living expenses, including food and housing costs in accord-
ance with subsection (a)(4) for up to three semesters, or the 
equivalent, with no more than two semesters being consecu-
tive. 
‘‘(c) DISCLOSURE OF COST OF ATTENDANCE ELE-
MENTS.—Each institution shall make publicly available on 
the institution’s website a list of all the elements of cost 
of attendance described in paragraphs (1) through (14) of 
subsection (a), and shall disclose such elements on any por-
tion of the website describing tuition and fees of the institu-
tion. 
‘‘SEC. 473. SPECIAL RULES FOR STUDENT AID INDEX. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For the purpose of this Act, the 
term ‘student aid index’ means, with respect to a student, 
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