I 
117TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6443 
To accelerate deployment by Taiwan of the asymmetric defense capabilities 
required to deter or, if necessary, defeat an invasion of Taiwan by 
the People’s Republic of China, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 20, 2022 
Mr. GALLAGHER introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on Armed 
Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in 
each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdic-
tion of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To accelerate deployment by Taiwan of the asymmetric de-
fense capabilities required to deter or, if necessary, de-
feat an invasion of Taiwan by the People’s Republic 
of China, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Arm Taiwan Act of 
2022’’. 
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SEC. 2. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) The Department of Defense has warned 
that the Government of the People’s Republic of 
China may conclude that it can successfully invade 
and seize control of Taiwan in the latter half of the 
2020s. 
(2) In October 2021, the Minister of National 
Defense of Taiwan, Chiu Kuo-cheng, echoed these 
warnings when he stated that the People’s Republic 
of China— 
(A) ‘‘is capable now’’ of invading Taiwan; 
and 
(B) will have ‘‘lowered the costs and 
losses’’ associated with invading Taiwan ‘‘to a 
minimum’’ after 2025. 
(3) If the People’s Republic of China were to 
invade and seize control of Taiwan, it would deal a 
severe blow to United States interests by— 
(A) destroying one of the world’s leading 
democracies; 
(B) casting doubt on the ability and re-
solve of the United States to uphold its security 
commitments; 
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(C) incentivizing other countries in the 
Indo-Pacific region to bandwagon with the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China; and 
(D) facilitating the formation of a regional 
order dominated by the People’s Republic of 
China in which the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China may— 
(i) regulate or otherwise limit the abil-
ity of individuals in the United States to 
trade in the Indo-Pacific region, which 
would have dire effects on the livelihoods 
and freedoms of such individuals; and 
(ii) use the Indo-Pacific region as a 
secure base from which to project military 
power into other regions, including the 
Western Hemisphere. 
(4) Taiwan’s proximity to the People’s Republic 
of China, coupled with investments by the People’s 
Republic of China in capabilities designed to delay 
intervention by the United States Armed Forces in 
support of Taiwan, means that Taiwan may be 
forced to delay, degrade, and deny an invasion by 
the People’s Republic of China with limited support 
from the United States Armed Forces for the initial 
days, weeks, or months of such an invasion. 
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(5) If Taiwan is unable to delay, degrade, and 
deny an invasion by the People’s Republic of China 
with limited support from the United States Armed 
Forces, especially in the initial period of war, then 
the People’s Republic of China may conclude that it 
is, or may actually be, capable of— 
(A) invading and seizing control of Taiwan 
before the United States or any other partner 
country of Taiwan is able to respond effectively, 
thereby achieving a fait accompli; and 
(B) potentially rendering any attempt by 
the United States or any other partner country 
of Taiwan to reverse territorial gains by the 
People’s Republic of China prohibitively dif-
ficult, costly, or both. 
(6) To defend itself effectively, especially in the 
initial period of war, it is imperative that Taiwan ac-
celerate deployment of cost-effective and resilient 
asymmetric defense capabilities, including mobile 
coastal and air defenses, naval mines, missile boats, 
man-portable anti-armor weapons, civil defense 
forces, and their enablers. 
(7) The deployment of such asymmetric defense 
capabilities by Taiwan would not only improve the 
ability of Taiwan to defend itself, but also reduce 
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operational risk to members of the United States 
Armed Forces under a Taiwan contingency. 
(8) The President of Taiwan, Tsai Ing-Wen, 
has— 
(A) vowed to bolster the national defense 
of Taiwan and demonstrate Taiwan’s deter-
mination to defend itself so as to ensure that 
Taiwan will not be forced to take the path that 
the People’s Republic of China has laid out for 
Taiwan; and 
(B) advocated the deployment of asym-
metric defense capabilities. 
(9) The Government of Taiwan has begun tak-
ing steps to improve Taiwan’s defenses, including by 
increasing Taiwan’s defense budget and through 
Taiwan’s new proposed special defense budget, but 
far more is needed, and quickly, to ensure that Tai-
wan is able to maintain a sufficient self-defense ca-
pability. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the threat of an invasion of Taiwan by the 
People’s Republic of China is increasing rapidly and 
expected to reach especially dangerous levels by the 
latter half of the 2020s; 
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(2) the United States has a strong interest in 
preventing the People’s Republic of China from in-
vading and seizing control of Taiwan, especially by 
ensuring that Taiwan is able to maintain a sufficient 
self-defense capability; 
(3) the United States should establish a secu-
rity assistance initiative so as to accelerate, to the 
greatest extent possible, Taiwan’s deployment of 
cost-effective and resilient asymmetric defense capa-
bilities; 
(4) the United States should provide such as-
sistance on the condition that Taiwan— 
(A) matches investments by the United 
States in its asymmetric defense capabilities; 
(B) increases its defense spending to a 
level commensurate with the threat it faces; 
(C) prioritizes acquiring cost-effective and 
resilient asymmetric defense capabilities as rap-
idly as possible, including from foreign sup-
pliers, if necessary; and 
(D) demonstrates progress on defense re-
forms required to maximize the effectiveness of 
its asymmetric defenses, with special regard to 
Taiwan’s reserve forces; and 
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(5) in the course of executing such a security 
assistance initiative, the United States should— 
(A) seek to co-produce or co-develop cost- 
effective and resilient asymmetric defense capa-
bilities with suppliers in Taiwan, including by 
providing incentives to that effect, so long as 
those suppliers can produce such capabilities at 
a reasonable cost, in the quantities required, as 
rapidly, and to the same quality and technical 
standards as suppliers in the United States or 
other countries; and 
(B) encourage other countries, particularly 
United States allies and partners, to sell, lease, 
or otherwise provide appropriate asymmetric 
defense capabilities to Taiwan so as to facilitate 
Taiwan’s rapid deployment of the asymmetric 
defense capabilities required to deter or, if nec-
essary, defeat an invasion by the People’s Re-
public of China. 
SEC. 3. TAIWAN SECURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall es-
tablish an initiative, to be known as the ‘‘Taiwan Security 
Assistance Initiative’’ (referred to in this Act as the ‘‘Ini-
tiative’’), to accelerate Taiwan’s deployment of asym-
metric defense capabilities required to deter or, if nec-
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essary, defeat an invasion by the People’s Republic of 
China. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000,000 for the De-
partment of Defense for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
2027 to provide assistance to the Government of Taiwan 
under this section. 
(c) AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State, shall use 
the funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (b) to provide assistance to the Government 
of Taiwan for the purpose described in subsection 
(d). 
(d) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the Initiative is to 
provide assistance, including equipment, training, and 
other support, to the Government of Taiwan so as to accel-
erate Taiwan’s deployment of asymmetric defense capa-
bilities required to achieve, with limited support from the 
United States Armed Forces for the initial days, weeks, 
or months after the initiation of an invasion by the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China of Taiwan, the following objectives: 
(1) To delay, degrade, and deny attempts by 
People’s Liberation Army forces to enter or transit 
the Taiwan Strait and adjoining seas. 
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(2) To delay, degrade, and deny attempts by 
People’s Liberation Army forces to secure a 
lodgment on Taiwan and expand or otherwise use 
that lodgment to seize control of a population center 
or other key territory in Taiwan. 
(3) To prevent the People’s Republic of China 
from decapitating, seizing control of, or otherwise 
neutralizing or rendering ineffective the Government 
of Taiwan. 
(e) ASYMMETRIC DEFENSE CAPABILITIES.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘asymmetric defense capabilities’’ in-
cludes, in such quantities as the Secretary of Defense de-
termines to be necessary to achieve the purpose specified 
in subsection (d), the following: 
(1) Mobile, ground-based coastal defense cruise 
missiles and launchers. 
(2) Mobile, ground-based short-range and me-
dium-range air defense systems. 
(3) Smart, self-propelled naval mines and coast-
al minelaying platforms. 
(4) Missile boats and fast-attack craft equipped 
with anti-ship and anti-landing craft missiles. 
(5) Unmanned aerial and other mobile, resilient 
surveillance systems to support coastal and air de-
fense operations. 
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(6) Equipment to support target location, 
tracking, identification, and targeting, especially at 
the local level, in communications degraded or de-
nied environments. 
(7) Man-portable anti-armor weapons, mortars, 
and small arms for ground combat operations. 
(8) Equipment and technical assistance for the 
purpose of developing civil defense forces, composed 
of civilian volunteers and militia. 
(9) Training and equipment, including appro-
priate war reserves, required for Taiwan forces to 
independently maintain, sustain, and employ capa-
bilities described in paragraphs (1) through (8). 
(10) Concept development for coastal defense, 
air defense, decentralized command and control, civil 
defense, logistics, planning, and other critical mili-
tary functions, with an emphasis on operations in a 
communications degraded or denied environment. 
(11) Any other capability the Secretary of De-
fense considers appropriate for the purpose de-
scribed in subsection (d). 
(f) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.— 
(1) PLAN.—Not later than December 1, 2022, 
and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State, shall sub-
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suppliers in the United States or other coun-
tries, if the Secretary of Defense determines 
that such suppliers will be able to provide such 
capabilities at a reasonable cost, in sufficient 
quantities, of sufficient quality and technical 
standards, and more rapidly than suppliers in 
Taiwan; and 
(D) to undertaking the defense reforms re-
quired to maximize the effectiveness of an 
asymmetric defense against an invasion by the 
People’s Republic of China, including by im-
proving organization, mobilization, and training 
of the reserve forces and other military per-
sonnel of Taiwan. 
(3) SUBSEQUENT
CERTIFICATIONS.—Amounts 
authorized to be appropriated under subsection (b) 
for each of fiscal years 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027 
may not be obligated or expended until the date on 
which the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of State, certifies that the Government 
of Taiwan has committed— 
(A) to spending an equivalent amount on 
asymmetric defense capabilities in the applica-
ble fiscal year and upheld its commitment to 
spend an equivalent amount as the United 
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States in the preceding fiscal year on asym-
metric defense capabilities to be deployed by 
Taiwan; 
(B) to spending not less than two and a 
half percent of Taiwan’s national gross domes-
tic product on defense on an annual basis by 
the end of fiscal year 2025, and not less than 
three percent of Taiwan’s national gross domes-
tic product on defense on an annual basis by 
the end of fiscal year 2027, including expendi-
tures under the normal defense budget and any 
supplemental or special defense budgets of Tai-
wan, and demonstrated progress toward these 
spending targets in the preceding fiscal year; 
(C) to acquiring asymmetric defense capa-
bilities as rapidly as possible, including from 
suppliers in the United States or other coun-
tries, if the Secretary of Defense determines 
that such suppliers will be able to provide such 
capabilities at reasonable cost, in sufficient 
quantities, of sufficient quality and technical 
standards, and more rapidly than suppliers in 
Taiwan, and upheld its commitment to acquire 
asymmetric defense capabilities as rapidly as 
possible in the preceding fiscal year; and 
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(D) to undertaking the defense reforms re-
quired to maximize the effectiveness of an 
asymmetric defense against an invasion by the 
People’s Republic of China, including by im-
proving the organization, mobilization, and 
training of the reserve forces and other military 
personnel 
of 
Taiwan, 
and 
demonstrated 
progress on such reforms in the preceding fiscal 
year. 
(4) NOTIFICATION
TO
CONGRESS.—Not later 
than 30 days after making a certification under 
paragraph (2) or (3), the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
notice and explanation of such certification. 
(5) REMAINING FUNDS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to subpara-
graph (B), amounts appropriated for a fiscal 
year pursuant to the authorization of appro-
priations under subsection (b) that are not obli-
gated and expended during that fiscal year shall 
be added to the amount that may be used for 
the Initiative in the subsequent fiscal year. 
(B) RESCISSION.—Amounts appropriated 
pursuant to the authorization of appropriation 
under subsection (b) that remain unobligated 
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by the end of fiscal year 2027 shall be re-
scinded and deposited into the general fund of 
the Treasury. 
(g) DEFENSE
ARTICLES
AND
SERVICES
FROM 
UNITED STATES INVENTORY AND OTHER SOURCES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—In addition to assistance 
provided pursuant to subsection (c), the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, 
may make available to the Government of Taiwan, 
in such quantities as the Secretary of Defense con-
siders appropriate for the purpose described in sub-
section (d), the following: 
(A) Weapons and other defense articles 
from the United States inventory and other 
sources. 
(B) Excess defense articles from the 
United States inventory. 
(C) Defense services. 
(2) REPLACEMENT.—Amounts for the replace-
ment of any item provided to the Government of 
Taiwan under paragraph (1)(A) may be made avail-
able from the amount authorized to be appropriated 
under subsection (b). 
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(h) TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY.—Assistance may 
not be provided under this section after September 30, 
2027. 
SEC. 4. LIMITATION ON CONVENTIONAL ARMS SALES. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) historically, the Government of Taiwan has 
prioritized the acquisition of conventional weapons 
that would be of limited utility in deterring or de-
feating an invasion by the People’s Republic of 
China at the expense of the timely acquisition of 
cost-effective and resilient asymmetric defense capa-
bilities; 
(2) the United States Government has often 
shared responsibility for the misguided prioritization 
of defense acquisitions described in paragraph (1) by 
approving sales of conventional weapons to Taiwan, 
despite knowledge that such sales would do little to 
enhance, and may even undermine, the ability of 
Taiwan to deter or defeat an invasion by the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China; 
(3) the misguided prioritization of defense ac-
quisitions described in paragraph (1) has not only 
undermined the ability of Taiwan to deter or defeat 
an invasion by the People’s Republic of China, but 
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has also placed at greater risk of death or injury 
members of the United States Armed Forces who 
may come under attack or be asked to come to the 
aid of Taiwan to repel such an invasion; and 
(4) any future sales, leases, or other provision 
of conventional weaponry to Taiwan by the United 
States should be conditioned on meaningful progress 
by the Government of Taiwan on the acquisition of 
appropriate asymmetric defense capabilities. 
(b) STATEMENT
OF POLICY.—For each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027, the United States Government 
shall not sell, lease, or otherwise provide military capabili-
ties to Taiwan other than asymmetric defense capabilities 
described in subsection (e) of section 3 until the earlier 
of— 
(1) the date on which the Secretary of Defense 
has submitted a notification under subsection (f)(4) 
of that section for the fiscal year in which the Gov-
ernment of Taiwan has requested the sale, lease, or 
other provision of military capabilities other than 
such asymmetric defense capabilities; or 
(2) the date on which the Secretary of Defense 
certifies to the appropriate committees of Congress 
that the sale, lease, or other provision to Taiwan of 
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