groups from outside Ethiopia that are active in mon-
itoring the status of political prisoners and prisoners 
of conscience in Ethiopia; 
(3) seek to increase the independence of the 
Ethiopian judiciary through facilitation of joint dis-
cussions for court personnel, officials from the Ethi-
opian Ministry of Justice, relevant members of the 
legislature, and civil society representatives on inter-
national human rights standards; 
(4) create and support a judicial monitoring 
process, consisting of local and international groups, 
to monitor judicial proceedings throughout Ethiopia, 
with special focus on unwarranted government inter-
vention on strictly judicial matters, and to inves-
tigate and report on actions to strengthen an inde-
pendent judiciary; 
(5) establish a program to strengthen private 
media in Ethiopia, provide support for training pur-
poses, offer technical and other types of support as 
necessary, and expand programming by the Voice of 
America to Ethiopia; and 
(6) establish a mechanism to identify and extra-
dite members of the Mengistu Haile Mariam regime 
and the current government residing in the United 
States who were engaged in gross human rights vio-
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lations and work with other governments to identify 
and extradite such persons, including Mengistu 
Haile Mariam. 
SEC. 5. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIZATION IN ETHIOPIA. 
(a) STRENGTHENING LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND NA-
TIONAL DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES.—The Secretary of 
State shall— 
(1) provide assistance to strengthen local, re-
gional, and national parliaments and governments in 
Ethiopia through training in consultation with gov-
ernment authorities, political parties, and civil soci-
ety groups; 
(2) establish a program focused on reconcili-
ation efforts between the Government of Ethiopia 
and peaceful political and civil society groups, in-
cluding in minority communities, in preparation for 
negotiation and for participation in the political 
process; 
(3) strengthen training for political parties in 
Ethiopia in areas such as organization building and 
campaign management; and 
(4) provide training for civil society groups in 
election monitoring in Ethiopia. 
(b) DEMOCRACY ENHANCEMENT.— 
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(1) ASSISTANCE.—United States technical as-
sistance for democracy promotion in Ethiopia should 
be made available to the ruling party as well as op-
position parties in Ethiopia. 
(2) RESTRICTION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Nonessential United 
States assistance shall not be made available to 
the Government of Ethiopia if the Government 
of Ethiopia acts to obstruct United States tech-
nical assistance to advance human rights, de-
mocracy, independence of the judiciary, freedom 
of the press, economic development and eco-
nomic freedom in Ethiopia. 
(B) DEFINITION.—In this paragraph, the 
term ‘‘nonessential United States assistance’’ 
means assistance under any provision of law, 
other than humanitarian assistance, assistance 
under emergency food programs, assistance to 
combat HIV/AIDS, and other health care as-
sistance. 
SEC. 6. ENSURING GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR HUMAN 
RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, AND ECONOMIC DE-
VELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA. 
(a) LIMITATION ON SECURITY ASSISTANCE; TRAVEL 
RESTRICTIONS.— 
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(1) LIMITATION ON SECURITY ASSISTANCE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), security assistance shall not 
be provided to Ethiopia until such time as the 
certification described in paragraph (3) is made 
in accordance with such paragraph. 
(B) EXCEPTION.—Subparagraph (A) shall 
not apply with respect to peacekeeping or 
counter-terrorism assistance. Peacekeeping or 
counter-terrorism assistance provided to Ethi-
opia shall not be used for any other security-re-
lated purpose or to provide training to security 
personnel or units accused of human rights vio-
lations against civilians. 
(2) TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS.—Beginning on the 
date that is 60 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act and until such time as the certification 
described in paragraph (3) is made in accordance 
with such paragraph, the President shall deny a visa 
and entry into the United States to— 
(A) any official of the Government of Ethi-
opia who— 
(i) has been involved in giving orders 
to use lethal force against peaceful dem-
onstrators in Ethiopia; or 
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(ii) has been accused of gross human 
rights violations; 
(B) security personnel of the Government 
of Ethiopia who were involved in the June or 
November 2005 shootings of demonstrators; 
(C) security personnel responsible for mur-
dering Etenesh Yemam, as described in para-
graphs (20) and (21) of section 3; and 
(D) security personnel responsible for mur-
dering prisoners at Kaliti prison in the after-
math of the election violence. 
(3) 
CERTIFICATION.—The 
certification 
de-
scribed in this paragraph is a certification by the 
President to Congress that the Government of Ethi-
opia is making credible, quantifiable efforts to en-
sure that— 
(A) all political prisoners and prisoners of 
conscience in Ethiopia have been released, their 
civil and political rights restored, and their 
property returned; 
(B) prisoners held without charge or kept 
in detention without fair trial in violation of the 
Constitution of Ethiopia are released or receive 
a fair and speedy trial, and prisoners whose 
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