datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
(1) Based on a recent United Nations report, 
the world scientific community now agrees that glob-
al warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse 
gases from human behavior and activity. 
(2) The United States, while representing less 
than 5 percent of the world’s population, releases a 
projected 25 percent of all greenhouse gases emitted 
worldwide. 
(3) Local governments are particularly well po-
sitioned to develop, implement, and promote energy 
efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction strategies at 
the community level, as part of a comprehensive na-
tional strategy to address global warming. 
(4) The release of significant amounts of green-
house gases occurs as a result of energy consumed 
by buildings and homes, and 39,300,000 new homes 
and 20,000,000,000 square feet of commercial office 
space are projected to be constructed between 2007 
and 2031. 
(5) Local governments, through revised building 
codes, building inspection, and the promotion of en-
ergy efficient retrofits and conservation measures, 
are uniquely positioned to work with their local busi-
ness communities to encourage energy efficiency and 
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greenhouse gas reduction strategies within the build-
ing construction and management sectors. 
(6) The development of community-based con-
servation programs that reduce the usage of energy 
in homes and transportation will yield immediate 
and significant reductions of a jurisdiction’s overall 
carbon emissions. Many cities have already signed 
Climate Protection Agreements, including a goal of 
all buildings being carbon neutral by 2030. 
(7) Local governments control or influence land 
use, transportation, and development planning that 
directly impacts the design of a community, a major 
factor in the amount of greenhouse gases emitted. 
(8) The development of local energy and envi-
ronment comprehensive plans will provide local gov-
ernments the strategies they need to establish spe-
cific energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission 
reduction goals and milestones. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
For purposes of this Act— 
(1) the term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means a State or 
an eligible unit of local government within a State; 
(2) the term ‘‘eligible unit of local government’’ 
means— 
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•HCON 12 EH
such communication as the President of the United States
shall be pleased to make to them.
Passed the House of Representatives January 27,
2003.
Attest:
Clerk.
I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 956 
To repeal section 10(f) of Public Law 93–531, commonly known as the 
‘‘Bennett Freeze’’. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 8, 2007 
Mr. RENZI (for himself, Mr. FRANKS of Arizona, Mr. UDALL of New Mexico, 
and Mr. MATHESON) introduced the following bill; which was referred to 
the Committee on Natural Resources 
A BILL 
To repeal section 10(f) of Public Law 93–531, commonly 
known as the ‘‘Bennett Freeze’’. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. REPEAL OF THE BENNETT FREEZE. 
Section 10(f) of Public Law 93–531 (25 U.S.C. 
640d–9(f)) is repealed. 
Æ 
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(A) a city with a population of at least 
50,000; and 
(B) a county with a population of at least 
200,000; 
(3) the term ‘‘greenhouse gas’’ means— 
(A) carbon dioxide; 
(B) methane; 
(C) nitrous oxide; 
(D) hydrofluorocarbons; 
(E) perfluorocarbons; 
(F) sulfur hexafluoride; and 
(G) any other anthropogenically-emitted 
gas that is determined by the Secretary, after 
notice and comment, to contribute to global 
warming to a non-negligible degree; 
(4) the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary 
of Energy; and 
(5) the term ‘‘State’’ means one of the 50 
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth 
of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United 
States Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands, and any other common-
wealth, territory, or possession of the United States. 
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SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM. 
The Secretary shall establish an Energy and Environ-
ment Block Grant Program to make block grants to eligi-
ble entities as provided in this Act. 
SEC. 5. ALLOCATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds appropriated for 
making grants under this Act for each fiscal year, the Sec-
retary shall allocate 70 percent to be provided to eligible 
units of local government as provided in subsection (b) 
and 30 percent to be provided to States as provided in 
subsection (c). 
(b) ELIGIBLE UNITS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT.—The 
Secretary shall provide grants to eligible units of local gov-
ernment according to a formula giving equal weight to— 
(1) population, according to the most recent 
available Census data; and 
(2) daytime population, or another similar fac-
tor such as square footage of commercial, office, and 
industrial space, as determined by the Secretary. 
(c) STATES.—The Secretary shall provide grants to 
States according to a formula based on population, accord-
ing to the most recent available Census data. 
(d) PUBLICATION OF ALLOCATION FORMULAS.—Not 
later than 90 days before the beginning of any fiscal year 
in which grants are to made under this Act, the Secretary 
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shall publish in the Federal Register the formulas for allo-
cation described in subsection (b)(1) and (b)(2). 
SEC. 6. ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES. 
Funds provided through a grant under this Act may 
be used for the following activities: 
(1) Development and implementation of an En-
ergy Efficiency and Climate Protection Strategy 
under section 8 or 9. 
(2) Retaining technical consultant services to 
assist an eligible entity in the development of such 
Strategy, including— 
(A) estimation of the 1990 levels of green-
house gas emissions within the jurisdiction of 
the eligible entity; 
(B) determination of baseline greenhouse 
gas emissions for 2006 or the most recent year 
for best available data; 
(C) formulation of energy efficiency and 
greenhouse gas emission reduction goals; 
(D) identification of strategies to meet 
such goals through major emitters of green-
house gases; 
(E) identification of strategies to encour-
age behavioral changes among the populace 
that will help achieve such goals; 
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(F) development of methods to measure 
progress in achieving such goals; 
(G) development and preparation of annual 
reports to the citizenry of the eligible entity’s 
energy efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction 
strategies and goals, and progress in achieving 
them; 
(H) analysis of potential mitigation strate-
gies to offset the negative environmental im-
pacts of global warming on the community; and 
(I) other services to assist in the imple-
mentation of the Energy Efficiency and Climate 
Protection Strategy. 
(3) Conducting energy audits. 
(4) Development and implementation of weath-
erization programs. 
(5) Creation of financial incentive programs for 
energy efficiency retrofits, including zero-interest or 
low-interest revolving loan funds. 
(6) Grants to nonprofit organizations and gov-
ernmental agencies for energy retrofits. 
(7) Development and implementation of energy 
efficiency programs and technologies for buildings 
and facilities of nonprofit organizations and govern-
mental agencies. 
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(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
by striking ‘‘or, as appropriate in exceptional cir-
cumstances,’’ and inserting ‘‘or’’; and 
(2) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘or in ex-
ceptional circumstances, a Fund monitored program 
or its equivalent,’’ and inserting ‘‘or a Fund mon-
itored program, or is implementing sound macro-
economic policies,’’. 
Æ 
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110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 957 
AN ACT 
To amend the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 to expand and 
clarify the entities against which sanctions may be imposed. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
ble unit of local government shall submit a report to the 
Secretary on the status of the Strategy’s development and 
implementation, and, where practicable, a best available 
assessment of energy efficiency gains and greenhouse gas 
reductions within the jurisdiction of the eligible unit of 
local government. 
SEC. 9. REQUIREMENTS FOR STATES. 
(a) ALLOCATION OF GRANT FUNDS.—A State receiv-
ing a grant under this Act shall use at least 70 percent 
of the funds received to provide subgrants to units of local 
government in the State that are not eligible units of local 
government. The State shall make such subgrant awards 
not later than 6 months after approval of the State’s 
Strategy under subsection (c). 
(b) PROPOSED STRATEGY.—Not later than 120 days 
the date of enactment of this Act, each State shall submit 
to the Secretary a proposed Energy Efficiency and Cli-
mate Protection Strategy which establishes a process for 
making subgrants described in subsection (a), and estab-
lishes goals for increased energy efficiency and reduction 
of greenhouse gas emissions in the jurisdiction of the 
State. The Strategy shall include plans for the use of 
funds received under a grant under this Act to assist the 
State in the achievement of such goals, consistent with 
sections 6 and 7. 
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I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4443 
To suspend temporarily the duty on 11-Aminoundecanoic Acid. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
DECEMBER 11, 2007 
Mr. HOLDEN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Ways and Means 
A BILL 
To suspend temporarily the duty on 11-Aminoundecanoic 
Acid. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. 11-AMINOUNDECANOIC ACID. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Heading 9902.32.49 of the Har-
monized Tariff Schedule of the United States is amend-
ed— 
(1) in the general rate of duty column, by strik-
ing ‘‘2.3%’’ and inserting ‘‘Free’’; and 
(2) by striking the date in the effective period 
column and inserting ‘‘12/31/2011’’. 
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(c) APPROVAL.—The Secretary shall approve or dis-
approve a proposed Strategy submitted under subsection 
(b) not later than 90 days after receiving it. If the Sec-
retary disapproves a proposed Strategy, the Secretary 
shall provide to the State the reasons for such disapproval. 
The State may revise and resubmit the Strategy, as many 
times as required, until approval is granted. 
(d) FUNDING FOR PREPARATION OF STRATEGY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Until the Secretary has ap-
proved a proposed Energy Efficiency and Climate 
Protection Strategy under subsection (b), the Sec-
retary shall only disburse to a State $200,000 or 20 
percent of the grant, whichever is greater, which 
may be used only for preparation of the Strategy. 
(2) REMAINDER OF FUNDS.—The remainder of 
a State’s grant funds awarded but not disbursed 
under paragraph (1) shall remain available and shall 
be disbursed by the Secretary upon approval of the 
Strategy. 
(e) LIMITATIONS
ON
USE
OF
FUNDS.—Of the 
amounts provided through a grant under this Act, a State 
may use not more than 10 percent for administrative ex-
penses. 
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(f) ANNUAL REPORTS.—A State shall annually re-
port to the Secretary on the development and implementa-
tion of its Strategy. Each such report shall include— 
(1) a status report on the State’s subgrant pro-
gram described in subsection (a); 
(2) a best available assessment of energy effi-
ciency gains and greenhouse gas reductions achieved 
through the State’s Strategy; and 
(3) specific energy efficiency and greenhouse 
gas reduction goals for future years. 
SEC. 10. REVIEW AND EVALUATION. 
The Secretary may review and evaluate the perform-
ance of grant recipients, including by performing audits, 
and may deny funding to such grant recipients for failure 
to properly adhere to— 
(1) the Secretary’s guidelines and regulations 
relating to the program under this Act, including the 
misuse or misappropriation of funds; or 
(2) the grant recipient’s Strategy. 
SEC. 11. OFFICE OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BLOCK 
GRANTS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish 
an Office of Energy and Environmental Block Grants to 
administer the program under this Act. The Director of 
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the Office shall have the title of Assistant Secretary for 
Energy Efficiency and Climate Protection. 
(b) STATE AND LOCAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The 
Office shall establish a State and Local Advisory Com-
mittee to provide it advice regarding the administration, 
direction, and evaluation of the program under this Act, 
and to assist in developing priorities for the Research, 
Technical Assistance, and Education Program established 
under section 12. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for ad-
ministrative expenses of the Office established under sub-
section (a)— 
(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 
(3) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; 
(4) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and 
(5) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2012. 
SEC. 12. RESEARCH, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND EDU-
CATION PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Office of Energy and 
Environmental Block Grants shall establish and carry out 
a Research, Technical Assistance, and Education Program 
to provide— 
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(1) technical assistance to State and local gov-
ernments; 
(2) public education programs; 
(3) demonstration of innovative energy effi-
ciency and greenhouse gas reduction systems, tech-
nologies, and practices; and 
(4) research and development of effective meas-
urement methodologies, methods for changing or in-
fluencing public participation in energy efficiency 
and greenhouse gas reduction programs, and other 
methods to increase public awareness of, and action 
on, the global warming crisis. 
(b) ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS.—Eligible recipients of as-
sistance under this section shall include State and local 
governments, State and local government associations, 
public and private nonprofit organizations, and colleges 
and universities. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for car-
rying out this section $150,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
years 2008 through 2012. 
SEC. 13. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary for grants under this Act— 
(1) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
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(2) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 
(3) $5,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; 
(4) $5,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and 
(5) $6,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2012. 
Æ 
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108TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. CON. RES. 139
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Authorizing printing of the brochures entitled
‘‘How Our Laws Are Made’’ and ‘‘Our American
Government’’, the publication entitled ‘‘Our
Flag’’, the document-sized, annotated version of
the United States Constitution, and the pocket
version of the United States Constitution.
I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2448 
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to reduce the Federal excise 
tax on highway motor fuels when the weekly United States retail gasoline 
price, regular grade, is greater than $3.00 per gallon. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 23, 2007 
Mr. KUHL of New York (for himself and Mr. SALI) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means 
A BILL 
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to reduce 
the Federal excise tax on highway motor fuels when 
the weekly United States retail gasoline price, regular 
grade, is greater than $3.00 per gallon. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Emergency Gas Price 
Relief Act of 2007’’. 
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SEC. 2. REDUCTION OF FUEL TAXES ON HIGHWAY MOTOR 
FUELS WHEN WEEKLY UNITED STATES RE-
TAIL GASOLINE PRICES EXCEED BENCH-
MARK. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 4081 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986 (relating to imposition of tax on motor 
and aviation fuels) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection: 
‘‘(f) REDUCTION OF HIGHWAY MOTOR FUEL TAXES 
WHEN RETAIL GASOLINE EXCEEDS BENCHMARK.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—During any reduction pe-
riod, the rate of tax imposed by section 4041 or 
4081 on highway motor fuel shall be reduced by 10 
cents per gallon. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITIONS
AND
SPECIAL
RULE.—For 
purposes of this subsection— 
‘‘(A) REDUCTION PERIOD.—The term ‘re-
duction period’ means the period— 
‘‘(i) beginning on the date on which 
the weekly United States retail gasoline 
price, regular grade (as published by the 
Energy Information Administration, De-
partment of Energy), is greater than $3.00 
per gallon, and 
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(2) assurances that funds received under this 
section will be used only to purchase materials for 
the library; 
(3) assurances that funds received under this 
section will be used to supplement, not supplant, 
other funds received by such library; and 
(4) an agreement to make available any finan-
cial records that the Office of Library Services may 
need for audit purposes. 
(b) GRANT SELECTION.—The Office of Library Serv-
ices shall select the number of grant awards made under 
this section and the amount of each such award based 
upon economic need in accordance with regulations pub-
lished by the Office. 
Æ 
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‘‘(ii) ending on the date on which such 
price (as so published) is less than $2.50 
per gallon. 
‘‘(B) HIGHWAY MOTOR FUEL.—The term 
‘highway motor fuel’ means any fuel subject to 
tax under section 4041 or 4081 other than 
aviation gasoline and aviation-grade kerosene.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by 
this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment 
of this Act. 
SEC. 3. FLOOR STOCK REFUNDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—If— 
(1) before the tax rate reduction date, tax has 
been imposed under section 4081 of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 on any highway motor fuel, 
and 
(2) on such date such fuel is held by a dealer 
and has not been used and is intended for sale, 
there shall be credited or refunded (without interest) to 
the person who paid such tax (hereafter in this section 
referred to as the ‘‘taxpayer’’) an amount equal to the ex-
cess of the tax paid by the taxpayer over the tax which 
would be imposed on such fuel had the taxable event oc-
curred on such date. 
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(b) TIME FOR FILING CLAIMS.—No credit or refund 
shall be allowed or made under this section unless— 
(1) claim therefor is filed with the Secretary of 
the Treasury before the date which is 6 months 
after the tax rate reduction date based on a request 
submitted to the taxpayer before the date which is 
3 months after the tax rate reduction date by the 
dealer who held the highway motor fuel on such 
date, and 
(2) the taxpayer has repaid or agreed to repay 
the amount so claimed to such dealer or has ob-
tained the written consent of such dealer to the al-
lowance of the credit or the making of the refund. 
(c) EXCEPTION
FOR
FUEL
HELD
IN
RETAIL 
STOCKS.—No credit or refund shall be allowed under this 
section with respect to any highway motor fuel in retail 
stocks held at the place where intended to be sold at retail. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section— 
(1) TAX RATE REDUCTION DATE.—The term 
‘‘tax rate reduction date’’ means the first day of any 
reduction period in effect under section 4081(f) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by 
section 2 of this Act). 
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(2) OTHER TERMS.—The terms ‘‘dealer’’ and 
‘‘held by a dealer’’ have the respective meanings 
given to such terms by section 6412 of such Code. 
(e) CERTAIN RULES TO APPLY.—Rules similar to the 
rules of subsections (b) and (c) of section 6412 of such 
Code shall apply for purposes of this section. 
Æ 
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HR 2537 RFS 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Beach Protection Act 
of 2008’’. 
SEC. 2. WATER POLLUTION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION. 
(a) SOURCE TRACKING.—Section 406(b) of the Fed-
eral Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1346(b)) is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) SOURCE IDENTIFICATION PROGRAMS.—In 
carrying out a monitoring and notification program, 
a State or local government may develop and imple-
ment a coastal recreation waters pollution source 
identification and tracking program for coastal 
recreation waters adjacent to beaches or similar 
points of access that are used by the public and are 
not meeting applicable water quality standards for 
pathogens and pathogen indicators. If, in carrying 
out such source identification and tracking program, 
a source of pathogenic contamination is identified by 
such State or local government, such State or local 
government shall make information on the existence 
of such source available to the public on the Internet 
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