1061 
(F) the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.); 
(G) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); 
(H) the Marine Protection, Research, and 
Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.); 
(I) the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
(16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.); and 
(J) the Estuary Restoration Act of 2000 (33 
U.S.C. 2901 et seq.). 
(5) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.—Of 
the amounts made available each fiscal year to carry 
out this section, 12.2 percent shall be allocated to the 
Administrator for use in natural resources adaptation 
activities restoring and protecting— 
(A) large-scale freshwater aquatic eco-
systems, such as the Everglades, the Great Lakes, 
Flathead Lake, the Missouri River, the Mis-
sissippi River, the Colorado River, the Sac-
ramento-San Joaquin Rivers, the Ohio River, 
the Columbia-Snake River System, the Apalachi-
cola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River System, the 
Connecticut River, and the Yellowstone River; 
(B) large-scale estuarine ecosystems, such as 
Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, Puget 
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Sound, the Mississippi River Delta, the San 
Francisco Bay Delta, Narragansett Bay, and Al-
bemarle-Pamlico Sound; and 
(C) freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, 
watersheds, and basins identified as priorities by 
the Administrator, working in cooperation with 
other Federal agencies, States, Indian tribes, 
local governments, scientists, and other conserva-
tion partners. 
(6) CORPS
OF
ENGINEERS.—Of the amounts 
made available each fiscal year to carry out this sec-
tion, 8.1 percent shall be available to the Secretary of 
the Army for use by the Corps of Engineers to carry 
out natural resources adaptation activities restor-
ing— 
(A) large-scale freshwater aquatic eco-
systems, such as the ecosystems described in 
paragraph (5)(A); 
(B) large-scale estuarine ecosystems, such as 
the ecosystems described in paragraph (5)(B); 
(C) freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, 
watersheds, and basins identified as priorities by 
the Corps of Engineers, working in cooperation 
with other Federal agencies, States, Indian 
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tribes, local governments, scientists, and other 
conservation partners; and 
(D) habitats and ecosystems through the im-
plementation of estuary habitat restoration 
projects authorized by the Estuary Restoration 
Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.), project 
modifications for improvement of the environ-
ment, aquatic restoration and protection projects 
authorized by section 206 of the Water Resources 
Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 2330), and 
other appropriate programs and activities. 
(d) USE OF FUNDS BY FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS AND 
AGENCIES.—Funds allocated to Federal departments and 
agencies under this section shall only be used for natural 
resources adaptation activities that are consistent with an 
adaptation plan developed and approved by the President 
under section 478. 
(e) STATE COST SHARING.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, a State that receives a grant with 
amounts allocated under this section shall use funds from 
non-Federal sources to pay 10 percent of the costs of each 
activity carried out using amounts provided under the 
grant. 
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SEC. 481. NATIONAL WILDLIFE HABITAT AND CORRIDORS 
INFORMATION PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Within 6 months of the date of 
enactment of this subpart, the Secretary of the Interior, in 
cooperation with the States and Indian tribes, shall estab-
lish a National Fish and Wildlife Habitat and Corridors 
Information Program in accordance with the requirements 
of this section. 
(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this program is to— 
(1) support States and Indian tribes in the de-
velopment of a geographic information system data-
base of fish and wildlife habitat and corridors that 
would inform planning and development decisions 
within each State, enable each State to model climate 
impacts and adaptation, and provide geographically 
specific enhancements of State wildlife action plans; 
(2) ensure the collaborative development, with 
the States and Indian tribes, of a comprehensive, na-
tional geographic information system database of 
maps, models, data, surveys, informational products, 
and other geospatial information regarding fish and 
wildlife habitat and corridors, that— 
(A) is based on consistent protocols for sam-
pling and mapping across landscapes that take 
into account regional differences; and 
(B) that utilizes— 
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(i) existing and planned State- and 
tribal-based geographic information system 
databases; and 
(ii) existing databases, analytical tools, 
metadata activities, and other information 
products available through the National Bi-
ological Information Infrastructure main-
tained by the Secretary and nongovern-
mental organizations; and 
(3) facilitate the use of such databases by Fed-
eral, State, local, and tribal decisionmakers to incor-
porate qualitative information on fish and wildlife 
habitat and corridors at the earliest possible stage 
to— 
(A) prioritize and target natural resources 
adaptation strategies and activities; 
(B) avoid, minimize, and mitigate the im-
pacts on fish and wildlife habitat and corridors 
in siting energy development, water, trans-
mission, transportation, and other land use 
projects; 
(C) assess the impacts of existing develop-
ment on habitats and corridors; and 
(D) develop management strategies to en-
hance the ability of fish, wildlife, and plant spe-
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cies to migrate or respond to shifting habitats 
within existing habitats and corridors. 
(c) HABITAT
AND CORRIDORS INFORMATION SYS-
TEM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in cooperation 
with the States and Indian tribes, shall develop a 
Habitat and Corridors Information System. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The System shall— 
(A) include maps, data, and descriptions of 
fish and wildlife habitat and corridors, that— 
(i) have been developed by Federal 
agencies, State wildlife agencies and nat-
ural heritage programs, Indian tribes, local 
governments, 
nongovernmental 
organiza-
tions, and industry; 
(ii) meet accepted Geospatial Inter-
operability Framework data and metadata 
protocols and standards; 
(B) include maps and descriptions of pro-
jected shifts in habitats and corridors of fish and 
wildlife species in response to climate change; 
(C) assure data quality and make the data, 
models, and analyses included in the System 
available at scales useful to decisionmakers— 
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(i) to prioritize and target natural re-
sources adaptation strategies and activities; 
(ii) to assess the impacts of proposed 
energy development, water, transmission, 
transportation, and other land use projects 
and avoid, minimize, and mitigate those 
impacts on habitats and corridors; 
(iii) to assess the impacts of existing 
development on habitats and corridors; and 
(iv) to develop management strategies 
to enhance the ability of fish, wildlife, and 
plant species to migrate or respond to shift-
ing habitats within existing habitats and 
corridors; 
(D) establish a process for updating maps 
and other information as landscapes, habitats, 
corridors, and wildlife populations change or as 
other information becomes available; 
(E) encourage the development of collabo-
rative plans by Federal and State agencies and 
Indian tribes to monitor and evaluate the effi-
cacy of the System to meet the needs of decision-
makers; 
(F) identify gaps in habitat and corridor 
information, mapping, and research that should 
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be addressed to fully understand and assess cur-
rent data and metadata, and to prioritize re-
search and future data collection activities for 
use in updating the System and provide support 
for those activities; 
(G) include mechanisms to support collabo-
rative research, mapping, and planning of habi-
tats and corridors by Federal and State agencies, 
Indian tribes, and other interested stakeholders; 
(H) incorporate biological and geospatial 
data on species and corridors found in energy 
development and transmission plans, including 
renewable energy initiatives, transportation, and 
other land use plans; 
(I) be based on the best scientific informa-
tion available; and 
(J) identify, prioritize, and describe key 
parcels of non-Federal land located within the 
boundaries of units of the National Park System, 
National Wildlife Refuge System, National For-
est System, or National Grassland System that 
are critical to maintenance of wildlife habitat 
and migration corridors. 
(d) FINANCIAL AND OTHER SUPPORT.—The Secretary 
may provide support to the States and Indian tribes, in-
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cluding financial and technical assistance, for activities 
that support the development and implementation of the 
System. 
(e) COORDINATION.—The Secretary, in cooperation 
with the States and Indian tribes, shall make recommenda-
tions on how the information developed in the System may 
be incorporated into existing relevant State and Federal 
plans affecting fish and wildlife, including land manage-
ment plans, the State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation 
Strategies, and appropriate tribal conservation plans, to 
ensure that they— 
(1) prevent unnecessary habitat fragmentation 
and disruption of corridors; 
(2) promote the landscape connectivity necessary 
to allow wildlife to move as necessary to meet biologi-
cal needs, adjust to shifts in habitat, and adapt to cli-
mate change; and 
(3) minimize the impacts of energy, development, 
water, transportation, and transmission projects and 
other activities expected to impact habitat and cor-
ridors. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) GEOSPATIAL
INTEROPERABILITY
FRAME-
WORK.—The 
term 
‘‘Geospatial 
Interoperability 
Framework’’ means the strategy utilized by the Na-
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tional Biological Information Infrastructure that is 
based upon accepted standards, specifications, and 
protocols adopted through the International Stand-
ards Organization, the Open Geospatial Consortium, 
and the Federal Geographic Data Committee, to man-
age, archive, integrate, analyze, and make accessible 
geospatial and biological data and metadata. 
(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of the Interior. 
SEC. 482. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING INDIAN 
TRIBES. 
(a) FEDERAL TRUST RESPONSIBILITY.—Nothing in 
this subpart is intended to amend, alter, or give priority 
over the Federal trust responsibility to Indian tribes. 
(b) EXEMPTION FROM FOIA.—If a Federal depart-
ment or agency receives any information related to sacred 
sites or cultural activities identified by an Indian tribe as 
confidential, such information shall be exempt from disclo-
sure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code, popu-
larly known as the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 
552). 
(c) APPLICATION OF OTHER LAW.—The Secretary of 
the Interior may apply the provisions of Public Law 93– 
638 where appropriate in the implementation of this sub-
part. 
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PART 2—INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE 
ADAPTATION PROGRAM 
SEC. 491. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Global climate change is a potentially sig-
nificant national and global security threat multi-
plier and is likely to exacerbate competition and con-
flict over agricultural, vegetative, marine, and water 
resources and to result in increased displacement of 
people, poverty, and hunger within developing coun-
tries. 
(2) The strategic, social, political, economic, cul-
tural, and environmental consequences of global cli-
mate change are likely to have disproportionate ad-
verse impacts on developing countries, which have less 
economic capacity to respond to such impacts. 
(3) The countries most vulnerable to climate 
change, due both to greater exposure to harmful im-
pacts and to lower capacity to adapt, are developing 
countries with very low industrial greenhouse gas 
emissions that have contributed less to climate change 
than more affluent countries. 
(4) To a much greater degree than developed 
countries, developing countries rely on the natural 
and environmental systems likely to be affected by cli-
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mate change for sustenance, livelihoods, and economic 
growth and stability. 
(5) Within developing countries there may be 
varying climate change adaptation and resilience 
needs among different communities and populations, 
including 
impoverished 
communities, 
children, 
women, and indigenous peoples. 
(6) The consequences of global climate change, 
including increases in poverty and destabilization of 
economies and societies, are likely to pose long-term 
challenges to the national security, foreign policy, and 
economic interests of the United States. 
(7) It is in the national security, foreign policy, 
and economic interests of the United States to recog-
nize, plan for, and mitigate the international stra-
tegic, social, political, cultural, environmental, health, 
and economic effects of climate change and to assist 
developing countries to increase their resilience to 
those effects. 
(8) Under Article 4 of the United Nations 
Framework Convention on Climate Change, developed 
country parties, including the United States, com-
mitted to ‘‘assist the developing country parties that 
are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of 
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1073 
climate change in meeting costs of adaptation to those 
adverse effects’’. 
(9) Under the Bali Action Plan, developed coun-
try parties to the United Nations Framework Conven-
tion on Climate Change, including the United States, 
committed to ‘‘enhanced action on the provision of fi-
nancial resources and investment to support action 
on mitigation and adaptation and technology co-
operation,’’ including, inter alia, consideration of 
‘‘improved access to adequate, predictable, and sus-
tainable financial resources and financial and tech-
nical support, and the provision of new and addi-
tional resources, including official and concessional 
funding for developing country parties’’. 
(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this part are— 
(1) to provide new and additional assistance 
from the United States to the most vulnerable devel-
oping countries, including the most vulnerable com-
munities and populations therein, in order to support 
the development and implementation of climate 
change adaptation programs and activities that re-
duce the vulnerability and increase the resilience of 
communities to climate change impacts, including 
impacts on water availability, agricultural produc-
tivity, flood risk, coastal resources, timing of seasons, 
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biodiversity, economic livelihoods, health and diseases, 
and human migration; and 
(2) to provide such assistance in a manner that 
protects and promotes the national security, foreign 
policy, environmental, and economic interests of the 
United States to the extent such interests may be ad-
vanced by minimizing, averting, or increasing resil-
ience to climate change impacts. 
SEC. 492. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) ALLOWANCE.—The term ‘‘allowance’’ means 
an emission allowance established under section 721 
of the Clean Air Act. 
(2) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committees on Energy and Com-
merce, Financial Services, and Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committees on Environment and 
Public Works and Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate. 
(3) DEVELOPING
COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘devel-
oping country’’ means a country eligible to receive of-
ficial development assistance according to the income 
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guidelines of the Development Assistance Committee 
of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and 
Development. 
(4) MOST
VULNERABLE
DEVELOPING
COUN-
TRIES.—The term ‘‘most vulnerable developing coun-
tries’’ means, as determined by the Administrator of 
USAID, developing countries that are at risk of sub-
stantial adverse impacts of climate change and have 
limited capacity to respond to such impacts, consid-
ering the approaches included in any international 
treaties and agreements. 
(5) MOST VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES AND POPU-
LATIONS.—The term ‘‘most vulnerable communities 
and populations’’ means communities and popu-
lations that are at risk of substantial adverse impacts 
of climate change and have limited capacity to re-
spond to such impacts, including impoverished com-
munities, children, women, and indigenous peoples. 
(6) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means the 
International Climate Change Adaptation Program 
established under section 493. 
(7) USAID.—The term ‘‘USAID’’ means the 
United States Agency for International Development. 
(8) UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION 
ON
CLIMATE
CHANGE.—The term ‘‘United Nations 
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Framework Convention on Climate Change’’ or ‘‘Con-
vention’’ means the United Nations Framework Con-
vention on Climate Change done at New York on May 
9, 1992, and entered into force on March 21, 1994. 
SEC. 493. INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION 
PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State, in con-
sultation with the Administrator of USAID, the Secretary 
of the Treasury, and the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency, shall establish an International 
Climate Change Adaptation Program in accordance with 
the requirements of this part. 
(b) ALLOWANCE ACCOUNT.—Allowances allocated pur-
suant to section 782(n) of the Clean Air Act shall be avail-
able for distribution to carry out the Program established 
under subsection (a). 
(c) SUPPLEMENT NOT SUPPLANT.—Assistance pro-
vided under this part shall be used to supplement, and not 
to supplant, any other Federal, State, or local resources 
available to carry out activities of the type carried out 
under the Program. 
SEC. 494. DISTRIBUTION OF ALLOWANCES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, or such 
other Federal agency head as the President may designate, 
after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the 
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national institution receiving allowances under this 
section meets the requirements of paragraph (2) or 
that no multilateral fund or international institution 
that meets the requirements of paragraph (2) exists, 
as the case may be. The Secretary of State shall no-
tify the appropriate congressional committees not less 
than 15 days prior to any transfer of allowances to 
a multilateral fund or international institution pur-
suant to this section. 
(2) MULTILATERAL FUND OR INTERNATIONAL IN-
STITUTION
ELIGIBILITY.—A multilateral fund or 
international institution is eligible to receive allow-
ances available to carry out the Program— 
(A) if— 
(i) such fund or institution is estab-
lished pursuant to— 
(I) the Convention; or 
(II) 
an 
agreement 
negotiated 
under the Convention; or 
(ii) the allowances are directed to one 
or more multilateral development banks or 
international development institutions, pur-
suant to an agreement negotiated under 
such Convention; and 
(B) if such fund or institution— 
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(i) specifies the terms and conditions 
under which the United States is to provide 
allowances to the fund or institution, and 
under which the fund or institution is to 
provide assistance to recipient countries; 
(ii) ensures that assistance from the 
United States to the fund or institution and 
the principal and income of the fund or in-
stitution are disbursed only for purposes 
that are consistent with those described in 
section 491(b)(1); 
(iii) requires a regular meeting of a 
governing body of the fund or institution 
that includes representation from countries 
among the most vulnerable developing coun-
tries and provides public access; 
(iv) requires that local communities 
and indigenous peoples in areas where any 
activities or programs are planned are en-
gaged through adequate disclosure of infor-
mation, public participation, and consulta-
tion; and 
(v) prepares and makes public an an-
nual report that— 
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1080 
(I) describes the process and meth-
odology for selecting the recipients of 
assistance from the fund or institution, 
including assessments of vulnerability; 
(II) describes specific programs 
and activities supported by the fund or 
institution and the extent to which the 
assistance is addressing the adaptation 
needs of the most vulnerable developing 
countries, and the most vulnerable 
communities and populations therein; 
(III) describes the performance 
goals for assistance authorized under 
the fund or institution and expresses 
such goals in an objective and quan-
tifiable form, to the extent practicable; 
(IV) describes the performance in-
dicators to be used in measuring or as-
sessing the achievement of the perform-
ance goals described in subclause (III); 
(V) provides a basis for rec-
ommendations for adjustments to as-
sistance authorized under this part to 
enhance the impact of such assistance; 
and 
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(VI) describes the participation of 
other nations and international orga-
nizations in supporting and governing 
the fund or institution. 
(c) OVERSIGHT.— 
(1) DISTRIBUTION TO MULTILATERAL FUNDS OR 
INTERNATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS.—The Secretary of 
State, or such other Federal agency head as the Presi-
dent may designate, in consultation with the Admin-
istrator of USAID, shall oversee the distribution of al-
lowances available to carry out the Program to a 
multilateral fund or international institution under 
subsection (b). 
(2) BILATERAL
ASSISTANCE.—The Adminis-
trator of USAID, in consultation with the Secretary 
of State, shall oversee the distribution of allowances 
available to carry out the Program for bilateral as-
sistance under section 495. 
SEC. 495. BILATERAL ASSISTANCE. 
(a) ACTIVITIES AND FOREIGN AID.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to achieve the pur-
poses of this part, the Administrator of USAID may 
carry out programs and activities and distribute al-
lowances to any private or public group (including 
international organizations and faith-based organiza-
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tions), association, or other entity engaged in peaceful 
activities to— 
(A) provide assistance to the most vulner-
able developing countries for— 
(i) the development of national or re-
gional climate change adaptation plans, in-
cluding a systematic assessment of socio-
economic vulnerabilities in order to identify 
the most vulnerable communities and popu-
lations; 
(ii) associated national policies; and 
(iii) planning, financing, and execu-
tion of adaptation programs and activities; 
(B) support investments, capacity-building 
activities, and other assistance, to reduce vulner-
ability and promote community-level resilience 
related to climate change and its impacts in the 
most vulnerable developing countries, including 
impacts on water availability, agricultural pro-
ductivity, flood risk, coastal resources, timing of 
seasons, 
biodiversity, 
economic 
livelihoods, 
health, human migration, or other social, eco-
nomic, political, cultural, or environmental mat-
ters; 
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1083 
(C) support climate change adaptation re-
search in or for the most vulnerable developing 
countries; 
(D) reduce vulnerability and provide in-
creased resilience to climate change for local 
communities and livelihoods in the most vulner-
able developing countries by encouraging— 
(i) the protection and rehabilitation of 
natural systems; 
(ii) the enhancement and diversifica-
tion of agricultural, fishery, and other live-
lihoods; and 
(iii) the reduction of disaster risks; 
(E) support the deployment of technologies 
to help the most vulnerable developing countries 
respond to the destabilizing impacts of climate 
change and encourage the identification and 
adoption of appropriate renewable and efficient 
energy technologies that are beneficial in increas-
ing community-level resilience to the impacts of 
global climate change in those countries; and 
(F) encourage the engagement of local com-
munities through disclosure of information, con-
sultation, and the communities’ informed par-
ticipation relating to the development of plans, 
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1084 
programs, and activities to increase community- 
level resilience to climate change impacts. 
(2) LIMITATIONS.—Not more than 10 percent of 
the allowances made available to carry out bilateral 
assistance under this part in any year shall be dis-
tributed to support activities in any single country. 
(3) PRIORITIZING
ASSISTANCE.—In providing 
assistance under this section, the Administrator of 
USAID shall give priority to countries, including the 
most vulnerable communities and populations therein, 
that are most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of cli-
mate change, determined by the likelihood and sever-
ity of such impacts and the country’s capacity to 
adapt to such impacts. 
(b) COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of USAID 
shall ensure that local communities, including the 
most vulnerable communities and populations therein, 
in areas where any programs or activities are carried 
out pursuant to this section are engaged in, through 
disclosure of information, public participation, and 
consultation, the design, implementation, monitoring, 
and evaluation of such programs and activities. 
(2) CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE.—For each 
country receiving assistance under this section, the 
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