IV 
115TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 749 
Calling upon the President to exercise relevant mandatory sanctions authori-
ties under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act 
in response to the Government of the Russian Federation’s continued 
aggression in Ukraine and forcible and illegal annexation of Crimea 
and assault on democratic institutions around the world, including 
through cyber attacks. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 26, 2018 
Mr. CONNOLLY (for himself, Mr. ENGEL, Ms. BASS, Mr. BERA, Mr. BRENDAN 
F. BOYLE of Pennsylvania, Mr. CASTRO of Texas, Mr. CICILLINE, Mr. 
DEUTCH, Mr. ESPAILLAT, Ms. FRANKEL of Florida, Mr. KEATING, Ms. 
KELLY of Illinois, Mr. TED LIEU of California, Mr. MEEKS, Mr. SCHNEI-
DER, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. SIRES, Mr. SUOZZI, Ms. TITUS, and Mrs. 
TORRES) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on 
House Administration, the Judiciary, Oversight and Government Reform, 
Financial Services, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently 
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provi-
sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
RESOLUTION 
Calling upon the President to exercise relevant mandatory 
sanctions authorities under the Countering America’s Ad-
versaries Through Sanctions Act in response to the Gov-
ernment of the Russian Federation’s continued aggres-
sion in Ukraine and forcible and illegal annexation of 
Crimea and assault on democratic institutions around 
the world, including through cyber attacks. 
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Whereas, on January 6, 2017, an assessment of the United 
States intelligence community entitled, ‘‘Assessing Rus-
sian Activities and Intentions in Recent U.S. Elections’’ 
stated, ‘‘Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an in-
fluence campaign in 2016 aimed at the U.S. presidential 
election’’ and warned that ‘‘Moscow will apply lessons 
learned from its Putin-ordered campaign aimed at the 
U.S. Presidential election to future influence efforts 
worldwide, including against U.S. allies and their election 
processes’’; 
Whereas a report of the minority staff of the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate released on January 10, 
2018, and entitled ‘‘Putin’s Asymmetric Assault on De-
mocracy in Russia and Europe: Implications for U.S. Na-
tional Security’’ assessed that the Government of the 
Russian Federation ‘‘employs an asymmetric arsenal that 
includes military invasions, cyber attacks, disinformation, 
support for fringe political groups, and the weaponization 
of energy resources, organized crime and corruption.’’ 
and that the Government of the Russian Federation ‘‘will 
continue to develop and refine its arsenal to use on de-
mocracies around the world, including against U.S. elec-
tions in 2018 and 2020’’; 
Whereas the Government of the Russian Federation con-
tinues to undermine democratic processes and institu-
tions in Ukraine and threatens the peace, security, sta-
bility, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Ukraine, in-
cluding by its forcible and illegal annexation of Crimea 
and its support for violent separatists in the eastern part 
of Ukraine; 
Whereas the Government of the Russian Federation con-
tinues to provide financial, material, and technological 
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support to the Government of Syria, which has enabled 
the latter to acquire or develop a range of lethal capac-
ities it has deployed against civilians in its territory, in-
cluding acts that may constitute war crimes, crimes 
against humanity or other violations of international 
human rights law; 
Whereas the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (Public Law 115–44; 131 Stat. 886) 
passed with overwhelming bipartisan majorities in the 
Senate and the House of Representatives, and title II of 
that Act was developed to respond to the interference of 
the Government of the Russian Federation in the United 
States 2016 election and the aggression of that Govern-
ment in Ukraine and Syria and to deter such malicious 
activities in the future; 
Whereas the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act was signed by the President and enacted 
into law on August 2, 2017, thereby codifying a range of 
mandatory sanctions against the Government of the Rus-
sian Federation for its malicious activities against the 
United States democratic process and in Ukraine and 
Syria; 
Whereas in an interview with the British Broadcasting Cor-
poration on January 29, 2018, Central Intelligence Agen-
cy Director Michael Pompeo said he ‘‘had not seen a sig-
nificant decrease’’ in attempts by the Government of the 
Russian Federation to subvert democracies in Europe 
and the United States and, when asked if that Govern-
ment would try and interfere in the 2018 United States 
election, he said that he had ‘‘every expectation that they 
will continue to try and do that’’; 
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Whereas, on March 6, 2014, President Barack Obama issued 
Executive Order 13360 (79 Fed. Reg. 13493; relating to 
blocking property of certain persons contributing to the 
situation in Ukraine), which authorizes the Secretary of 
the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, 
to impose sanctions on persons determined to be under-
mining democratic processes and institutions in Ukraine 
or threatening the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, 
and territorial integrity of Ukraine; 
Whereas President Obama subsequently issued Executive 
Order 13661 (79 Fed. Reg. 15535; relating to blocking 
property of additional persons contributing to the situa-
tion in Ukraine), Executive Order 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 
16169; relating to blocking property of additional persons 
contributing to the situation in Ukraine), and Executive 
Order 13685 (79 Fed. Reg. 77357; relating to blocking 
property of certain persons and prohibiting certain trans-
actions with respect to the Crimea region of Ukraine) to 
expand sanctions on certain persons contributing to the 
situation in Ukraine; 
Whereas, on April 1, 2015, President Barack Obama issued 
Executive Order 13694 (80 Fed. Reg. 18077; relating to 
the blocking of property of certain persons engaging in 
significant malicious cyber-enabled activities), which au-
thorized the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Attorney General and the Secretary of State, to 
impose sanctions on persons determined to be engaged in 
malicious cyber-hacking; 
Whereas, on December 29, 2016, President Obama issued an 
annex to Executive Order 13694, which authorized sanc-
tions on— 
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(1) the Main Intelligence Directorate (also known as 
Glavnoe Razvedyvatel’noe Upravlenie or the GRU) in 
Moscow, Russian Federation; 
(2) the Federal Security Service (also known as 
Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti or the FSB) in Mos-
cow, Russian Federation; 
(3) the Special Technology Center (also known as 
STLC, Ltd. Special Technology Center St. Petersburg) 
in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; 
(4) Zorsecurity (also known as Esage Lab) in Mos-
cow, Russian Federation; 
(5) the autonomous noncommercial organization 
known as the Professional Association of Designers of 
Data Processing Systems (also known as ANO PO KSI) 
in Moscow, Russian Federation; 
(6) Igor Valentinovich Korobov; 
(7) Sergey Aleksandrovich Gizunov; 
(8) Igor Olegovich Kostyukov; and 
(9) Vladimir Stepanovich Alexseyev; 
Whereas, on December 20, 2017, the Department of the 
Treasury imposed targeted sanctions on 5 nationals of 
the Russian Federation under the Sergei Magnitsky Rule 
of Law Accountability Act of 2012 (title IV of Public 
Law 112–208; 22 U.S.C. 8511 note) and, on December 
21, 2017, the Department imposed targeted sanctions, 
including against one national of the Russian Federation 
for significant corruption, under that Act and a deriva-
tive Executive order signed by President Donald Trump; 
Whereas, on January 26, 2018, sanctions maintenance pack-
ages were issued by the Department of the Treasury 
under Executive Orders 13660, 13661, 13662, and 
13685, signed by President Barack Obama, and those 
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packages targeted individuals and entities in connection 
with the conflict in Ukraine and the forcible and illegal 
annexation of Crimea by the Government of the Russian 
Federation; 
Whereas no sanctions have been imposed pursuant to manda-
tory provisions enacted under title II of the Countering 
America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9501 et seq.), including— 
(1) section 224 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 9524; relat-
ing to sanctions with respect to activities of the Russian 
Federation undermining cybersecurity); 
(2) section 4 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act 
of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8923), as amended by section 225 of 
the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions 
Act (relating to sanctions relating to special Russian 
crude oil products); 
(3) section 5 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act 
of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8924), as amended by section 226 of 
the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions 
Act (relating to sanctions with respect to Russian and 
other foreign financial institutions); 
(4) section 9 of the Support for the Sovereignty, In-
tegrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine 
Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8908), as amended by section 
227 of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (relating to sanctions with respect to sig-
nificant corruption in the Russian Federation); 
(5) section 10 of the Support for the Sovereignty, 
Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine 
Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8909), as added by section 228 
of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
tions Act (relating to sanctions with respect to certain 
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transactions with foreign sanctions evaders and serious 
human rights abusers in the Russian Federation); 
(6) section 233 of the Countering America’s Adver-
saries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9527; relating 
to sanctions with respect to investment in or facilitation 
of privatization of state-owned assets by the Russian 
Federation); and 
(7) section 234 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 9528; relat-
ing to sanctions with respect to the transfer of arms and 
related materiel to Syria); 
Whereas in testimony on January 30, 2018, to the Com-
mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
Senate, Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin said 
‘‘[i]n the near future, you will see additional sanctions’’ 
based on the list of Russian oligarchs or senior political 
figures, presumably against those who had engaged in 
malign activities sanctionable under United States law; 
Whereas a statement on January 29, 2018, from the Depart-
ment of State asserted that ‘‘several billion dollars’’ in 
defense sector transactions with the Government of the 
Russian Federation or entities affiliated with that Gov-
ernment had been deterred through United States diplo-
macy and indicated that ‘‘sanctions on specific entities or 
individuals will not need to be imposed because the 
[Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions 
Act] legislation is, in fact, serving as a deterrent’’; and 
Whereas the deterrent value of sanctions is derived from the 
perception by potential targets that the threat of impos-
ing such sanctions is genuine: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) strongly urges the President— 
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(A) to examine intelligence information re-
garding the cyber intrusions and attacks of the 
Government of the Russian Federation against 
democratic elections and systems around the 
world; and 
(B) to designate for the imposition of sanc-
tions any persons found to have knowingly en-
gaged in conduct that violates section 224 of 
the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9524; relating to 
sanctions with respect to activities of the Rus-
sian Federation undermining cybersecurity); 
(2) urges the Secretary of the Treasury and the 
Secretary of State to fully implement section 9 of 
the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democ-
racy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 
(22 U.S.C. 8908), as amended by section 227 of the 
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
tions Act (relating to sanctions with respect to sig-
nificant corruption in the Russian Federation), tak-
ing into account information provided in the report 
mandated under section 241 of the Countering 
America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Pub-
lic Law 115–44; 131 Stat. 922) and other credible 
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information available as a basis for potential addi-
tional sanction designations; 
(3) calls on the President to immediately exer-
cise sanctions authorities provided for under the 
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
tions Act to impose sanctions on relevant Russian 
individuals and entities found to have knowingly en-
gaged in sanctionable conduct, including under— 
(A) section 4 of the Ukraine Freedom Sup-
port Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8923), as amended 
by section 225 of the Countering America’s Ad-
versaries Through Sanctions Act (relating to 
sanctions relating to special Russian crude oil 
products); 
(B) section 5 of the Ukraine Freedom 
Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8924), as 
amended by section 226 of the Countering 
America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act 
(relating to sanctions with respect to Russian 
and other foreign financial institutions); 
(C) section 10 of the Support for the Sov-
ereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic 
Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
8909), as added by section 228 of the Coun-
tering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
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tions Act (relating to sanctions with respect to 
certain transactions with foreign sanctions 
evaders and serious human rights abusers in 
the Russian Federation); 
(D) section 233 of the Countering Amer-
ica’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
U.S.C. 9527; relating to sanctions with respect 
to investment in or facilitation of privatization 
of state-owned assets by the Russian Federa-
tion); and 
(E) section 234 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 
9528; relating to sanctions with respect to the 
transfer of arms and related materiel to Syria); 
(4) urges the President— 
(A) to publicly acknowledge the ongoing 
threat posed by the Government of the Russian 
Federation to democratic values and processes 
in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere; 
(B) to prioritize the development of a co-
ordinated, whole-of-government response to that 
urgent threat; and 
(C) to work with Congress to provide for 
the funding and implementation of that re-
sponse as soon as possible before the 2018 elec-
tions; 
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(5) urges the President— 
(A) to vigorously implement section 231 of 
the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9525; relating to 
sanctions with respect to persons engaging in 
transactions with the intelligence or defense 
sectors of the Government of the Russian Fed-
eration); 
(B) to continue to work diplomatically to 
encourage substantial reductions in significant 
transactions with the intelligence and defense 
sectors of the Government of the Russian Fed-
eration; and 
(C) to ensure that sanctions are imposed 
under such section 231 in the event that a sig-
nificant transaction with a person that is part 
of, or operates for or on behalf of, the intel-
ligence or defense sectors of the Government of 
the Russian Federation, as defined in guidance 
issued by the Department of State, takes place; 
(6) supports efforts to expose and publicize 
threats posed by the malign influence and disinfor-
mation efforts of the Government of the Russian 
Federation, as the United States intelligence com-
munity did in January 2017, including through ef-
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forts by social media platforms, independent media, 
State and local governments primarily responsible 
for elections management and oversight, and other 
governmental and civil society actors; and 
(7) calls on the President to take specific meas-
ures to ensure the protection of United States demo-
cratic institutions in advance of the 2018 elections, 
including the provision of cybersecurity defensive 
measures to election administrators at the State and 
local level that request assistance and to political 
parties and candidates. 
Æ 
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