IV 
112TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 429 
Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the Western 
Hemisphere should be included in the Administration’s 2012 National 
Strategy for Counterterrorism’s ‘‘Area of Focus’’, with specific attention 
on the counterterrorism threat to the homeland emanating from Iran’s 
growing presence and activity in the Western Hemisphere, and for other 
purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
OCTOBER 11, 2011 
Mr. DUNCAN of South Carolina submitted the following resolution; which was 
referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that 
the Western Hemisphere should be included in the Ad-
ministration’s 2012 National Strategy for Counterterror-
ism’s ‘‘Area of Focus’’, with specific attention on the 
counterterrorism threat to the homeland emanating from 
Iran’s growing presence and activity in the Western 
Hemisphere, and for other purposes. 
Whereas Iran is using the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary 
Guard Corps (IRGC), the IRGC’s Qods Force, and 
Hezbollah as tools of statecraft to further its geostrategic 
and geopolitical objectives in the Western Hemisphere, 
specifically in Venezuela; the Tri-border area of Para-
guay, Argentina, and Brazil; Bolivia; Ecuador; Nica-
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•HRES 429 IH 
ragua; Chile; Cuba; and Mexico. Hezbollah has also es-
tablished a presence in the United States and Canada; 
Whereas officials from the IRGC’s Qods Force have been 
working in concert with Iran’s chief global terrorist 
proxy, Lebanese Hezbollah, since the 1990s; 
Whereas a 2009 Department of State Country Report on 
Terrorism found that Hezbollah is the most technically 
capable terrorist group in the world with thousands of 
supporters, several thousand members, and a few hun-
dred terrorist operatives; 
Whereas Iran has opened 6 embassies in South America over 
the last 5 years; 
Whereas the IRGC’s Qods Force stations operatives in for-
eign embassies, charities, and religious and cultural insti-
tutions to build relationships with local populations, often 
building on existing socioeconomic ties with the Lebanese 
Diaspora; 
Whereas these networks operated by Hezbollah and the 
IRGC’s Qods Force encompass more than 80 operatives 
in at least 12 countries throughout the region; 
Whereas Hezbollah’s chief sponsors, Iran and Syria, have 
been forging relationships with the governments in Latin 
America to achieve state cover and effective immunity for 
their activities, and Hezbollah has established a working 
relationship with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Co-
lombia (FARC); 
Whereas in August 2010, Jamal Yousef, a member of the 
Syrian military, was charged in New York for his alleged 
involvement in a narco-terrorism conspiracy to sell weap-
ons to FARC in exchange for between 7,000–8,000 kilo-
grams of cocaine; 
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Whereas the indictment stated that the ‘‘weapons were stolen 
from Iraq and being stored in Mexico at the home of 
Yousef’s relative, who according to Yousef, is a member 
of Hezbollah.’’; 
Whereas Iran has used Hezbollah in Latin America to engage 
in fundraising, money laundering, recruitment, training, 
drug and arms trafficking, counterfeiting, forging travel 
documents, pirating software and music, assessing global 
banking facilities, ports and airports, mining rare earth 
minerals and other materials in support of its nuclear ob-
jectives; 
Whereas Iran seeks to use its base in Latin America to un-
dermine United States interests; 
Whereas the Bolivarian states (Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, 
and Nicaragua) have expressed their intention to assist 
Iran in breaking international sanctions by announcing at 
a 2010 joint press conference in Tehran their determina-
tion to ‘‘continue and expand their economic ties to Iran’’ 
with confidence that ‘‘Iran can give a crushing response 
to the threats and sanctions imposed by the West and 
imperialism.’’; 
Whereas the Bolivarian states’ relationship to Hezbollah in 
Latin America is bound by a common aim to asymmet-
rically defeat the United States; 
Whereas the doctrine of Asymmetrical Warfare adopted by 
these groups explicitly embraces the use of weapons of 
mass destruction, massive civilian casualties as acceptable 
collateral damage, and the underlying belief that the ac-
quisition of nuclear weapons to destroy the United States 
is a moral or religious imperative; 
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