I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3635 
To prohibit Members of Congress from conducting certain financial trans-
actions involving a foreign adversary of the United States, and for 
other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 29, 2025 
Mr. KEAN (for himself and Ms. SCHOLTEN) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addi-
tion to the Committee on Agriculture, for a period to be subsequently de-
termined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 
as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To prohibit Members of Congress from conducting certain 
financial transactions involving a foreign adversary of 
the United States, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Foreign Adversary In-
vestment Prohibition Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. PROHIBITION WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN TRANS-
ACTIONS BY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS WITH A 
FOREIGN ADVERSARY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—A Member of Congress may not, 
during the term of service of the Member of Congress, 
conduct any covered financial transaction that benefits, di-
rectly or indirectly, a foreign adversary or an entity owned 
or operated by a foreign adversary. 
(b) CIVIL ENFORCEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General may 
bring a civil action in an appropriate district court 
of the United States against any person who vio-
lates, or whom the Attorney General has reason to 
believe is engaging in conduct that violates, sub-
section (a). 
(2) CIVIL PENALTY.—If the court finds by a 
preponderance of the evidence that a person violated 
subsection (a), the court shall impose a civil penalty 
of not more than— 
(A) in the case of a first violation of sub-
section (a), $5,000; 
(B) in the case of a second violation of 
subsection (a), $10,000; and 
(C) in the case of each violation of sub-
section (a) after a second violation under sub-
paragraph (B), $15,000. 
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(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) COVERED FINANCIAL TRANSACTION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘covered fi-
nancial transaction’’ includes— 
(i) any gift, subscription, loan, ad-
vance, or deposit of money or anything of 
value; 
(ii) any investment in— 
(I) a security (as defined in sec-
tion 3(a) of Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a))); 
(II) a security future (as defined 
in that section); or 
(III) a commodity (as defined in 
section 1a of the Commodity Ex-
change Act (7 U.S.C. 1a)); and 
(iii) any economic interest comparable 
to an interest described in clause (i) that 
is acquired through synthetic means, such 
as the use of a derivative, including an op-
tion, warrant, or other similar means. 
(2) FOREIGN ADVERSARY.—The term ‘‘foreign 
adversary’’ means— 
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(A) the People’s Republic of China, includ-
ing the Hong Kong Special Administrative Re-
gions; 
(B) the Republic of Cuba; 
(C) the Islamic Republic of Iran; 
(D) the Democratic People’s Republic of 
Korea; 
(E) the Russian Federation; and 
(F) the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 
under the regime of Nicola´s Maduro Moros. 
(3) MEMBER OF CONGRESS.—The term ‘‘Mem-
ber of Congress’’ means a Senator or Representative 
in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the 
Congress. 
Æ 
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