‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may carry 
out a Nuclear Energy Research Initiative for re-
search and development related to power conversion 
improvements to nuclear power plants to promote 
the research, development, demonstration, and com-
mercial application of— 
‘‘(A) cooling systems; 
‘‘(B) turbine technologies; 
‘‘(C) heat exchangers and pump design; 
‘‘(D) special coatings to improve lifetime of 
components and performance of heat exchang-
ers; and 
‘‘(E) advanced power conversion systems 
for advanced reactor technologies. 
‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary may 
undertake initiatives under this subsection only when 
the goals are relevant and proper to enhance the 
performance of technologies developed under sub-
section (c). Not more than $10,000,000 of funds au-
thorized for this section may be used for carrying 
out this subsection.’’. 
SEC. 226. FUEL CYCLE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 953 of the Energy Pol-
icy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16273) is amended— 
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(1) in the section heading by striking ‘‘AD-
VANCED FUEL CYCLE INITIATIVE’’ and inserting 
‘‘FUEL CYCLE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT’’; 
(2) by striking subsection (a); 
(3) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) 
as subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and 
(4) by inserting before subsection (d), as so re-
designated by paragraph (3) of this subsection, the 
following new subsections: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a 
fuel cycle research, development, demonstration, and com-
mercial application program (referred to in this section as 
the ‘program’) on fuel cycle options that improve uranium 
resource utilization, maximize energy generation, minimize 
nuclear waste creation, improve safety, mitigate risk of 
proliferation, and improve waste management in support 
of a national strategy for spent nuclear fuel and the reac-
tor concepts research, development, demonstration, and 
commercial application program under section 952(c). 
‘‘(b) FUEL CYCLE OPTIONS.—Under this section the 
Secretary may consider implementing the following initia-
tives: 
‘‘(1) OPEN CYCLE.—Developing fuels, including 
the use of nonuranium materials and alternate 
claddings, for use in reactors that increase energy 
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generation, improve safety performance and mar-
gins, and minimize the amount of nuclear waste pro-
duced in an open fuel cycle. 
‘‘(2) RECYCLE.—Developing advanced recycling 
technologies, including advanced reactor concepts to 
improve resource utilization, reduce proliferation 
risks, and minimize radiotoxicity, decay heat, and 
mass and volume of nuclear waste to the greatest 
extent possible. 
‘‘(3) ADVANCED
STORAGE
METHODS.—Devel-
oping advanced storage technologies for both onsite 
and long-term storage that substantially prolong the 
effective life of current storage devices or that sub-
stantially improve upon existing nuclear waste stor-
age technologies and methods, including repositories. 
‘‘(4) ALTERNATIVE
AND
DEEP
BOREHOLE 
STORAGE METHODS.—Developing alternative storage 
methods for long-term storage, including deep 
boreholes into stable crystalline rock formations and 
mined repositories in a range of geologic media. 
‘‘(5) FAST TEST REACTOR.—Investigating the 
potential research benefits of a fast test reactor to 
conduct experiments on fuels and materials related 
to fuel forms and fuel cycles that will increase fuel 
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utilization, reduce proliferation risks, and reduce nu-
clear waste products. 
‘‘(6) OTHER TECHNOLOGIES.—Developing any 
other technology or initiative that the Secretary de-
termines is likely to advance the objectives of the 
program. 
‘‘(c) ADDITIONAL
ADVANCED
RECYCLING
AND 
CROSSCUTTING ACTIVITIES.—In addition to and in sup-
port of the specific initiatives described in paragraphs (1) 
through (6) of subsection (b), the Secretary may support 
the following activities: 
‘‘(1) Development and testing of integrated 
process flow sheets for advanced nuclear fuel recy-
cling processes. 
‘‘(2) Research to characterize the byproducts 
and waste streams resulting from fuel recycling 
processes. 
‘‘(3) Research and development on reactor con-
cepts or transmutation technologies that improve re-
source utilization or reduce the radiotoxicity of waste 
streams. 
‘‘(4) Research and development on waste treat-
ment processes and separations technologies, ad-
vanced waste forms, and quantification of prolifera-
tion risks. 
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‘‘(5) Identification and evaluation of test and 
experimental facilities necessary to successfully im-
plement the advanced fuel cycle initiative. 
‘‘(6) Advancement of fuel cycle-related modeling 
and simulation capabilities. 
‘‘(7) Research to understand the behavior of 
high-burnup fuels.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The item relating 
to section 953 in the table of contents of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘Sec. 953. Fuel cycle research and development.’’. 
SEC. 227. NUCLEAR ENERGY ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 
PROGRAM. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subtitle E of title IX of the En-
ergy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 958. NUCLEAR ENERGY ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a 
program to support the integration of activities under-
taken through the reactor concepts research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application program under 
section 952(c) and the fuel cycle research and development 
program under section 953, and support crosscutting nu-
clear energy concepts. Activities commenced under this 
section shall be concentrated on broadly applicable re-
search and development focus areas. 
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