‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search needed to bridge scientific barriers to, and 
discover knowledge relevant to, multivalent ion mate-
rials in electric energy storage systems. 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy 
Sciences 
shall 
investigate 
electro-
chemical properties and the dynamics of mate-
rials, including charge transfer phenomena and 
mass transport in materials; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program. 
‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Biological and Environmental Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology. 
‘‘(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULA-
TION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search to model and simulate organic electrolytes, 
including the static and dynamic electrochemical be-
havior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at the 
molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multi-
valent systems. 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy Sciences, in coordination with the Asso-
ciate Director of Advanced Scientific Com-
puting Research, shall support the development 
of 
high 
performance 
computational 
tools
through a joint development process to maxi-
mize the effectiveness of current and projected 
high performance computing systems; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program. 
‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $30,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology.
‘‘(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out under the Initiative a program to support re-
search needed to reveal electrochemistry in confined 
mesoscale spaces, including scientific discoveries rel-
evant to— 
‘‘(A) 
bio-electrochemistry 
and 
electro-
chemical energy conversion and storage in con-
fined spaces; and 
‘‘(B) the dynamics of the phenomena de-
scribed in subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic 
Energy Sciences and the Associate Director of 
Biological and Environmental Research shall in-
vestigate phenomena of mesoscale electro-
chemical confinement for the purpose of repli-
cating and controlling new electrochemical be-
havior; and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy shall support 
translational research, development, and valida-
tion of physical concepts developed under the 
program.
‘‘(3) STANDARD
OF
REVIEW.—The Secretary 
shall review activities carried out under the program 
described in paragraph (1) to determine the achieve-
ment of technical milestones. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—From within funds 
authorized to be appropriated under section 11 
of the Department of Energy Science and Inno-
vation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
and Biological and Environmental Research, 
the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019. 
‘‘(B) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to 
the program described in paragraph (1) may be 
obligated or expended for commercial applica-
tion of energy technology.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 
contents for the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 975 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.’’. 
(h) ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 
a program to provide awards, on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis, to multi-institutional collabora-
tions or other appropriate entities to conduct funda-
mental and use-inspired energy research to accel-
erate scientific breakthroughs. 
(2) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration receiv-
ing an award under this subsection may include mul-
tiple types of institutions and private sector entities. 
(3) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A collaboration under 
this subsection shall be selected for a period of 
4 years. 
(B) 
EXISTING
CENTERS.—An 
Energy 
Frontier Research Center in existence and sup-
ported by the Director on the date of enactment 
of this Act may continue to receive support for 
a period of 4 years beginning on the date of es-
tablishment of that center. 
(C) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the 
period described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as 
applicable, a recipient of an award may reapply 
for selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis. 
(D) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the 
existing authorities of the Department, the Di-
rector may terminate an underperforming cen-
ter for cause during the performance period.
(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program in 
materials sciences and engineering, the Director 
shall support the development of a web-based plat-
form to provide access to a database of computed in-
formation on known and predicted materials prop-
erties and computational tools to accelerate break-
throughs in materials discovery and design. 
(2) In carrying out this section, the Director 
shall— 
(A) conduct cooperative research with in-
dustry, academia, and other research institu-
tions to facilitate the design of novel materials; 
(B) leverage existing high performance 
computing systems to conduct high-throughput 
calculations, and develop computational and 
data mining algorithms for the prediction of 
material properties; 
(C) advance understanding, prediction, and 
manipulation of materials; 
(D) strengthen the foundation for new 
technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 
(E) drive the development of advanced ma-
terials for applications that span the Depart-
ment’s missions in energy, environment, and 
national security. 
(3) In carrying out this section, the Director 
shall leverage programs and activities across the De-
partment. 
SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re-
search, development, and demonstration program to ad-
vance computational and networking capabilities to ana-
lyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena rel-
evant to the development of new energy technologies and 
the competitiveness of the United States. 
(b) AMERICAN SUPER COMPUTING LEADERSHIP.— 
(1) RENAMING OF ACT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the De-
partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi-
talization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 note; 
Public Law 108–423) is amended by striking 
‘‘Department of Energy High-End Computing 
Revitalization Act of 2004’’ and inserting 
‘‘American Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 
(B) CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—Section 
976(a)(1) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘De-
partment of Energy High-End Computing Revi-
talization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘Amer-
ican Super Computing Leadership Act’’. 
(2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the American 
Super Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), 
as renamed by paragraph (1), is amended— 
(A) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(2) 
through (5) as paragraphs (3) through (6), re-
spectively; 
(B) by striking paragraph (1) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘Department’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
‘‘(2) 
EXASCALE
COMPUTING.—The 
term 
‘exascale computing’ means computing through the 
use of a computing machine that performs near or 
above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.’’; 
and 
(C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by 
subparagraph (A)), by striking ‘‘, acting 
through the Director of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy’’. 
(3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COM-
PUTING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.— 
Section 3 of the American Super Computing Leader-
ship Act (15 U.S.C. 5542), as renamed by para-
graph (1), is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘pro-
gram’’ and inserting ‘‘coordinated program 
across the Department’’; 
(B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘, 
which may’’ and all that follows through 
‘‘multithreading architectures’’; and 
(C) by striking subsection (d) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(d) EXASCALE COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall con-
duct a research program (referred to in this sub-
section as the ‘Program’) for exascale computing, in-
cluding the development of two or more exascale 
computing machine architectures, to promote the 
missions of the Department. 
‘‘(2) EXECUTION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
Program, the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) establish a National Laboratory 
partnership for industry partners and in-
stitutions of higher education for codesign 
of exascale hardware, technology, software,
and applications across all applicable orga-
nizations of the Department; 
‘‘(ii) acquire multiple exascale com-
puting systems at the existing Depart-
mental facilities that represent at least two 
distinct technology options developed under 
clause (i); 
‘‘(iii) develop such advancements in 
hardware and software technology as are 
required to fully realize the potential of an 
exascale production system in addressing 
Department target applications and solving 
scientific problems involving predictive 
modeling and simulation, large scale data 
analytics and management, and artificial 
intelligence; 
‘‘(iv) explore the use of exascale com-
puting technologies to advance a broad 
range of science and engineering; and 
‘‘(v) provide, as appropriate, on a 
competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access 
for researchers in industries in the United 
States, institutions of higher education, 
National Laboratories, and other Federal
agencies to the exascale computing systems 
developed pursuant to clause (i). 
‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—The Sec-
retary shall select the partnerships with the 
computing facilities of the Department under 
subparagraph (A) through a competitive, peer- 
review process. 
‘‘(3) CODESIGN
AND
APPLICATION
DEVELOP-
MENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) carry out the Program through 
an integration of applications, computer 
science, applied mathematics, and com-
puter hardware architecture using the 
partnerships established pursuant to para-
graph (2) to ensure that, to the maximum 
extent practicable, two or more exascale 
computing machine architectures are capa-
ble of solving Department target applica-
tions and broader scientific problems, in-
cluding predictive modeling and simulation, 
large scale data analytics and manage-
ment, and artificial intelligence; and 
‘‘(ii) conduct outreach programs to in-
crease the readiness for the use of such
platforms by domestic industries, including 
manufacturers. 
‘‘(B) REPORT.—(i) The Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report describing how the 
integration under subparagraph (A) is fur-
thering application science data and computa-
tional workloads across application interests, in-
cluding national security, material science, 
physical 
science, 
cybersecurity, 
biological 
science, the Materials Genome and BRAIN Ini-
tiatives of the President, advanced manufac-
turing, and the national electric grid. 
‘‘(ii) The roles and responsibilities of Na-
tional Laboratories and industry, including the 
definition of the roles and responsibilities within 
the Department to ensure an integrated pro-
gram across the Department. 
‘‘(4) PROJECT REVIEW.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The exascale architec-
tures developed pursuant to partnerships estab-
lished pursuant to paragraph (2) shall be re-
viewed through a project review process. 
‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this subsection,
the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
on— 
‘‘(i) the results of the review con-
ducted under subparagraph (A); and 
‘‘(ii) the coordination and manage-
ment of the Program to ensure an inte-
grated research program across the De-
partment. 
‘‘(5) ANNUAL REPORTS.—At the time of the 
budget submission of the Department for each fiscal 
year, the Secretary, in consultation with the mem-
bers of the partnerships established pursuant to 
paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report 
that describes funding for the Program as a whole 
by functional element of the Department and critical 
milestones.’’. 
(c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING
AND NET-
WORKING RESEARCH.—The Director shall support re-
search in high-performance computing and networking rel-
evant to energy applications, including modeling, simula-
tion, machine learning, and advanced data analytics for 
basic and applied energy research programs carried out 
by the Secretary.
(d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVEL-
OPMENT
FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS, COM-
PUTATIONAL, AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 
activities to develop, test, and support— 
(A) mathematics, models, statistics, and al-
gorithms for complex systems and programming 
environments; and 
(B) tools, languages, and operations for 
high-end computing systems (as defined in sec-
tion 2 of the American Super Computing Lead-
ership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by 
this section). 
(2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—The Director shall 
maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced 
scientific computing research and development pro-
gram established under section 976 of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports 
robust investment in applied mathematical, com-
putational, and computer sciences research while ac-
commodating necessary investments in high-perform-
ance computing hardware and facilities. 
(e) WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.—The Director of 
the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research
shall support the development of a computational science 
workforce through a program that— 
(1) facilitates collaboration between university 
students and researchers at the National Labora-
tories; and 
(2) endeavors to advance science in areas rel-
evant to the mission of the Department through the 
application of computational science. 
SEC. 6. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a re-
search program on the fundamental constituents of matter 
and energy and the nature of space and time. 
(b) MISSION.—The mission of the program described 
in subsection (a) shall be to support theoretical and experi-
mental research in both elementary particle physics and 
fundamental accelerator science and technology to under-
stand fundamental properties of the universe. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that— 
(1) the Director should incorporate the findings 
and recommendations of the Particle Physics Project 
Prioritization Panel’s report entitled ‘‘Building for 
Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics 
in the Global Context’’, into the Department’s plan-
ning process as part of the program described in 
subsection (a); 
(2) the Director should prioritize domestically 
hosted research projects that will maintain the 
United States position as a global leader in particle 
physics and attract the world’s most talented physi-
cists and foreign investment for international col-
laboration; and 
(3) the nations that lead in particle physics by 
hosting international teams dedicated to a common 
scientific goal attract the world’s best talent and in-
spire future generations of physicists and tech-
nologists. 
(d) NEUTRINO RESEARCH.—As part of the program 
described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out 
research activities on rare decay processes and the nature 
of the neutrino, which may include collaborations with the 
National Science Foundation or international collabora-
tions. 
(e) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY FOR DEEP 
UNDERGROUND NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
for a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate 
the international Deep Underground Neutrino Ex-
periment to enable a program in neutrino physics to
measure the fundamental properties of neutrinos, ex-
plore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better 
clarify the nature of matter and antimatter. 
(2) FACILITY
CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph 
(1) will provide, at a minimum, the following capa-
bilities: 
(A) A broad-band neutrino beam capable 
of 1.2 megawatts (MW) of beam power and 
upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power. 
(B) Four caverns excavated for a 40 kil-
oton fiducial detector mass and supporting sur-
face buildings and utilities. 
(C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the 
Far Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in 
Illinois to categorize and study neutrinos on 
their 800-mile journey between the two sites. 
(D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 
detectors. 
(3) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 
that the start of full operations of the facility under 
this subsection occurs before December 31, 2026. 
(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 for High Energy
Physics, there shall be made available to the Sec-
retary to carry out activities, including construction 
of the facility, under this subsection— 
(A) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 
(B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 
(5) DARK
ENERGY
AND
DARK
MATTER
RE-
SEARCH.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1), the Director shall carry out research ac-
tivities on the nature of dark energy and dark mat-
ter, which may include collaborations with the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration or the 
National Science Foundation, or international col-
laborations. 
(6) 
INTERNATIONAL
COLLABORATION.—The 
Director, as practicable and in coordination with 
other appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, 
shall ensure the access of United States researchers 
to the most advanced accelerator facilities and re-
search capabilities in the world, including the Large 
Hadron Collider. 
SEC. 7. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro-
gram of basic research in the areas of biological systems 
science and environmental science relevant to the develop-
ment of new energy technologies and to support Depart-
ment missions in energy, environment, and national secu-
rity. 
(b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry 
out research and development activities in fundamental, 
structural, computational, and systems biology to increase 
systems-level understanding of the complex biological sys-
tems, which may include activities— 
(1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowl-
edge that would enable the cost-effective, sustainable 
production of— 
(A) biomass-based liquid transportation 
fuels; 
(B) bioenergy; and 
(C) biobased materials; 
(2) to improve understanding of the global car-
bon cycle, including processes for removing carbon 
dioxide from the atmosphere, through photosynthesis 
and other biological processes, for sequestration and 
storage; and 
(3) to understand the biological mechanisms 
used to transform, immobilize, or remove contami-
nants from subsurface environments. 
(c) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—In carrying out activities 
under subsection (a), the Director shall select and
establish up to four bioenergy research centers to 
conduct basic and fundamental research in plant 
and microbial systems biology, bio imaging and anal-
ysis, and genomics to inform the production of fuels, 
chemicals from sustainable biomass resources, and 
to facilitate the translation of basic research results 
to industry. 
(2) SELECTION.—The Director shall select cen-
ters under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-re-
viewed basis. The Director shall consider applica-
tions from National Laboratories, multi-institutional 
collaborations, and other appropriate entities. 
(3) DURATION.—A center established under 
this subsection shall receive support for a period of 
not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
appropriations. 
(4) EXISTING CENTERS.—The Director may se-
lect a center for participation under this subsection 
that is in existence, or undergoing a renewal process, 
on the date of enactment of this Act. Such center 
shall be eligible to receive support for the duration 
the 5-year period beginning on the date of establish-
ment of such center. 
(5) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any pe-
riod of support of a center under this subsection, the
Director may renew support for the center, on a 
merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 
5 years. 
(6) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the exist-
ing authorities of the Department, the Director may 
terminate an underperforming center for cause dur-
ing the performance period. 
(d) LOW DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle G of title IX of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et 
seq.) is amended by inserting after section 977 the 
following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 977A. LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 
basic research program on low-dose radiation to— 
‘‘(1) enhance the scientific understanding of, 
and reduce uncertainties associated with, the effects 
of exposure to low-dose radiation; and 
‘‘(2) inform improved risk-assessment and risk- 
management methods with respect to such radiation. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the 
program required under subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall— 
‘‘(1) formulate scientific goals for low-dose radi-
ation basic research in the United States;
‘‘(2) identify ongoing scientific challenges for 
understanding the long-term effects of ionizing radi-
ation on biological systems; 
‘‘(3) 
develop 
a 
long-term 
strategic 
and 
prioritized basic research agenda to address such 
scientific challenges in coordination with other re-
search efforts; 
‘‘(4) leverage the collective body of knowledge 
from existing low-dose radiation research; and 
‘‘(5) engage with other Federal agencies, re-
search communities, and potential users of informa-
tion produced under this section, including institu-
tions concerning radiation research, medical physics, 
radiology, health physics, and emergency response. 
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program, 
the Secretary, in coordination with the Physical Science 
Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology 
Council, shall— 
‘‘(1) support the directives under section 106 of 
the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act 
(42 U.S.C. 6601 note); 
‘‘(2) ensure that the Office of Science of the 
Department of Energy consults with the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National 
Institutes of Health, the Environmental Protection
Agency, the Department of Defense, the Nuclear 
Regulatory Commission, and the Department of 
Homeland Security; 
‘‘(3) advise and assist the National Science and 
Technology Council on policies and initiatives in ra-
diation biology, including enhancing scientific knowl-
edge of the effects of low-dose radiation on biological 
systems to improve radiation risk-assessment and 
risk-management methods; and 
‘‘(4) identify opportunities to stimulate inter-
national cooperation relating to low-dose radiation 
and leverage research and knowledge from sources 
outside of the United States. 
‘‘(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year 
research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research 
needs relating to low-dose radiation. In developing such 
plan, the Secretary shall incorporate the components de-
scribed in subsection (b). 
‘‘(e) DEFINITION
OF LOW-DOSE RADIATION.—In 
this section, the term ‘low-dose radiation’ means a radi-
ation dose of less than 100 millisieverts.
‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed to subject any research carried out 
by the Secretary for the program under this section to 
any limitations described in 977(e) of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(e)). 
‘‘(g) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 of the Department of En-
ergy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Biological 
and Environmental Research, the Secretary make avail-
able to carry out this section— 
‘‘(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 
‘‘(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 
contents for subtitle G of title IX of the Energy Pol-
icy Act of 2005 is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 977 the following: 
‘‘977A. Low-dose radiation research program.’’. 
(e) MODELING RESEARCH.—As part of the activities 
described in subsection (a), the Director is authorized to 
carry out research to develop multiscale computational 
models that incorporate and examine interactions among 
human and earth systems. 
(f) LIMITATION FOR RESEARCH FUNDS.—The Direc-
tor shall not approve new climate science-related initia-
tives without making a determination that such work is
well-coordinated with any relevant work carried out by 
other Federal agencies. 
SEC. 8. FUSION ENERGY. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a fusion 
energy sciences research program to expand the under-
standing of plasmas and matter at very high temperatures 
and densities and build the science and engineering foun-
dation needed to develop a fusion energy source. 
(b) INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH AND DE-
VELOPMENT PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall carry out a 
program of research and technology development in iner-
tial fusion for energy applications, including ion beam, 
laser, and pulsed power fusion systems. 
(c) TOKAMAK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 
research and development activities and facility oper-
ations to optimize the tokamak approach to fusion 
energy. 
(2) INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERI-
MENTAL REACTOR CONSTRUCTION.—Section 972 of 
the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(7) ITER CONSTRUCTION.—
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—There is authorized 
United States participation in the construction 
and operations of the ITER project, as agreed 
to under the April 25, 2007 ‘Agreement on the 
Establishment of the ITER International Fu-
sion Energy Organization for the Joint Imple-
mentation of the ITER Project.’. 
‘‘(B) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—The Sec-
retary shall ensure that the mission-oriented 
user facility will enable the study of a burning 
plasma, and shall be built to have the following 
characteristics in its full configuration: 
‘‘(i) A tokamak device with a plasma 
radius of 6.2 meters and a magnetic field 
of 5.3 T. 
‘‘(ii) Capable of creating and sus-
taining a 15-million-Ampere plasma cur-
rent for greater than 300 seconds. 
‘‘(C) 
AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 of the Depart-
ment of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 
2018, for Fusion Energy Sciences, there is au-
thorized for in-kind contributions under this 
paragraph—
‘‘(i) $122,000,000 for fiscal year 
2018; and 
‘‘(ii) $163,000,000 for fiscal year 
2019. 
‘‘(D) 
AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—From within funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 of the Depart-
ment of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 
2018, for Fusion Energy Sciences, there is au-
thorized for cash contributions under this para-
graph— 
‘‘(i) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 
and 
‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
2019.’’. 
(d) ALTERNATIVE AND ENABLING CONCEPTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program de-
scribed in subsection (a), the Director shall support 
research and development activities and facility oper-
ations at United States universities, national labora-
tories, and private facilities for a portfolio of alter-
native and enabling fusion energy concepts that may 
provide solutions to significant challenges to the es-
tablishment of a commercial magnetic fusion power 
plant, prioritized based on the ability of the United
States to play a leadership role in the international 
fusion research community. Fusion energy concepts 
and activities explored under this paragraph may in-
clude— 
(A) high magnetic field approaches facili-
tated by high temperature superconductors; 
(B) advanced stellarator concepts; 
(C) non-tokamak confinement configura-
tions operating at low magnetic fields; 
(D) magnetized target fusion energy con-
cepts; 
(E) liquid metals to address issues associ-
ated with fusion plasma interactions with the 
inner wall of the encasing device; 
(F) immersion blankets for heat manage-
ment and fuel breeding; 
(G) advanced scientific computing activi-
ties; and 
(H) other promising fusion energy con-
cepts identified by the Director. 
(2) COORDINATION WITH ARPA–E.—The Under 
Secretary and the Director shall coordinate with the 
Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency– 
Energy (in this paragraph referred to as ‘‘ARPA– 
E’’) to—
(A) assess the potential for any fusion en-
ergy project supported by ARPA–E to rep-
resent a promising approach to a commercially 
viable fusion power plant; 
(B) determine whether the results of any 
fusion energy project supported by ARPA–E 
merit the support of follow-on research activi-
ties carried out by the Office of Science; and 
(C) avoid unintentional duplication of ac-
tivities. 
(e) FAIRNESS IN COMPETITION FOR SOLICITATIONS 
FOR INTERNATIONAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES.—Section 33 
of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is 
amended by inserting before the first sentence the fol-
lowing: ‘‘In this section, with respect to international re-
search projects, the term ‘private facilities or laboratories’ 
means facilities or laboratories located in the United 
States.’’. 
(f) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES.— 
(1) REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
fusion energy research and development activi-
ties that the Department proposes to carry out
over the 10-year period following the date of 
the report under not fewer than three realistic 
budget scenarios, including a scenario based on 
3-percent annual growth in the non-ITER por-
tion of the budget for fusion energy research 
and development activities. 
(B) INCLUSIONS.—The report required 
under subparagraph (A) shall— 
(i) identify specific areas of fusion en-
ergy research and enabling technology de-
velopment, including activities to advance 
inertial and alternative fusion energy con-
cepts, in which the United States can and 
should establish or solidify a lead in the 
global fusion energy development effort; 
(ii) identify priorities for initiation of 
facility construction and facility decommis-
sioning under each of the three budget sce-
narios described in subparagraph (A); and 
(iii) assess the ability of the fusion 
workforce of the United States to carry out 
the activities identified under clauses (i) 
and (ii), including the adequacy of pro-
grams at institutions of higher education 
in the United States to train the leaders
and workers of the next generation of fu-
sion energy researchers. 
(2) PROCESS.—In order to develop the report 
required under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall 
leverage best practices and lessons learned from the 
process used to develop the most recent report of the 
Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the 
High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. 
(3) REQUIREMENT.—No member of the Fusion 
Energy Sciences Advisory Committee shall be ex-
cluded from participating in developing or voting on 
final approval of the report required under para-
graph (1)(A). 
SEC. 9. NUCLEAR PHYSICS. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Director shall carry out a pro-
gram of experimental and theoretical research, and sup-
port associated facilities, to discover, explore, and under-
stand all forms of nuclear matter. 
(b) ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR 
RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.—The Director— 
(1) may carry out a program for the production 
of isotopes, including the development of techniques 
to produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines 
are needed for research, medical, industrial, or re-
lated purposes; and
(2) shall ensure that isotope production activi-
ties carried out under the program under this para-
graph do not compete with private industry unless 
the Director determines that critical national inter-
ests require the involvement of the Federal Govern-
ment. 
(c) RENAMING
OF
THE RARE ISOTOPE ACCEL-
ERATOR.—Section 981 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
(42 U.S.C. 16321) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘RARE 
ISOTOPE ACCELERATOR’’ and inserting ‘‘FACIL-
ITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘Rare Isotope Accelerator’’ each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘Facility for Rare Iso-
tope Beams’’. 
(d) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
for a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the 
understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evo-
lution of the cosmos. 
(2) FACILITY
CAPABILITY.—In carrying out 
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall provide for, at a 
minimum, a rare isotope beam facility capable of 
400 kW of beam power.
(3) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure 
that the start of full operations of the facility under 
this subsection occurs before June 30, 2022, with 
early operation in 2018. 
(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 
appropriated under section 11 for Nuclear Physics, 
there shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out activities, including construction of the fa-
cility, under this subsection— 
(A) $101,200,000 for fiscal year 2018; and 
(B) $86,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. 
SEC. 10. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a 
program to improve the safety, efficiency, and mission 
readiness of infrastructure at Office of Science labora-
tories. The program shall include projects to— 
(1) renovate or replace space that does not 
meet research needs; 
(2) replace facilities that are no longer cost ef-
fective to renovate or operate; 
(3) modernize utility systems to prevent failures 
and ensure efficiency;
(4) remove excess facilities to allow safe and ef-
ficient operations; and 
(5) construct modern facilities to conduct ad-
vanced research in controlled environmental condi-
tions. 
(b) APPROACH.—In carrying out this section, the Di-
rector shall utilize all available approaches and mecha-
nisms, including capital line items, minor construction 
projects, energy savings performance contracts, utility en-
ergy service contracts, alternative financing, and expense 
funding, as appropriate. 
SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) FISCAL YEAR 2018.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 
fiscal year 2018 $6,259,903,000, of which— 
(1) $2,090,000,000 shall be for Basic Energy 
Science; 
(2) $908,000,000 shall be for High Energy 
Physics; 
(3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and 
Environmental Research; 
(4) $684,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 
(5) $810,000,000 shall be for Advanced Sci-
entific Computing Research;
(6) $532,111,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 
Sciences; 
(7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Labora-
tories Infrastructure; 
(8) $183,000,000 shall be for Science Program 
Direction; 
(9) $103,000,000 shall be for Safeguards and 
Security; and 
(10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Devel-
opment for Teachers and Scientists. 
(b) FISCAL YEAR 2019.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 
fiscal year 2019 $6,600,000,000, of which— 
(1) $2,129,233,000 shall be for Basic Energy 
Science; 
(2) $1,004,510,000 shall be for High Energy 
Physics; 
(3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and 
Environmental Research; 
(4) $690,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics; 
(5) $899,010,000 shall be for Advanced Sci-
entific Computing Research; 
(6) $640,000,000 shall be for Fusion Energy 
Sciences;