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(3) INAPPLICABILITY PENDING REVIEW.—The 
requirements of an emergency order that is the sub-
ject of a petition for exception under this subsection 
shall not apply to a petitioner during the period for 
which the petition is pending. 
(e) LIMITATIONS.— 
(1) TERM.—An emergency order issued under 
this section shall remain in effect for a period of not 
longer than 60 days. 
(2) RENEWAL.—The Commission may renew an 
emergency order issued under this section for an ad-
ditional term by a unanimous determination by the 
Commission. 
(f) SUNSET.—The authority provided by this section 
shall terminate on the date that is 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act. 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) COMMON
CARRIER.—The term ‘‘common 
carrier’’ has the meaning given such term in section 
40102 of title 46, United States Code. 
(2) MOTOR CARRIER.—The term ‘‘motor car-
rier’’ has the meaning given such term in section 
13102 of title 49, United States Code. 
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(3) RAIL
CARRIER.—The term ‘‘rail carrier’’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 10102 
of title 49, United States Code. 
(4) SHIPPER.—The term ‘‘shipper’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 40102 of title 
46, United States Code. 
SEC. 418. TERMS AND VACANCIES. 
Section 46101(b) of title 46, United States Code, is 
amended by— 
(1) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘one year’’ and inserting 
‘‘2 years’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘2 terms’’ and inserting ‘‘3 
terms’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘of the individual being 
succeeded’’ and inserting ‘‘to which such indi-
vidual is appointed’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘2 terms’’ and inserting ‘‘3 
terms’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘the predecessor of that’’ 
and inserting ‘‘such’’. 
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TITLE V—MISCELLANEOUS 
Subtitle A—Navigation 
SEC. 501. RESTRICTION ON CHANGING SALVORS. 
Section 311(c)(3) of the Federal Water Pollution 
Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(3)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) An owner or operator may not change 
salvors as part of a deviation under subparagraph 
(B) in cases in which the original salvor satisfies the 
Coast Guard requirements in accordance with the 
National Contingency Plan and the applicable re-
sponse plan required under subsection (j). 
‘‘(D) In any case in which the Coast Guard au-
thorizes a deviation from the salvor as part of a de-
viation under subparagraph (B) from the applicable 
response plan required under subsection (j), the 
Commandant shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
describing the deviation and the reasons for such de-
viation.’’. 
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SEC. 502. PROVIDING REQUIREMENTS FOR VESSELS AN-
CHORED 
IN 
ESTABLISHED 
ANCHORAGE 
GROUNDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 70006 of title 46, United 
States Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 70006. Anchorage grounds 
‘‘(a) ANCHORAGE GROUNDS.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of the 
department in which the Coast Guard is operating 
shall define and establish anchorage grounds in the 
navigable waters of the United States for vessels op-
erating in such waters. 
‘‘(2) RELEVANT
FACTORS
FOR
ESTABLISH-
MENT.—In carrying out paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall take into account all relevant factors 
concerning navigational safety, protection of the ma-
rine environment, proximity to undersea pipelines 
and cables, safe and efficient use of Marine Trans-
portation System, and national security. 
‘‘(b) VESSEL REQUIREMENTS.—Vessels, of certain 
sizes or type determined by the Secretary, shall— 
‘‘(1) set and maintain an anchor alarm for the 
duration of an anchorage; 
‘‘(2) comply with any directions or orders 
issued by the Captain of the Port; and 
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