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(2) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and
(3) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
SEC. 732. CONSERVE BY BICYCLING PROGRAM.
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
(1) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘program’’ means the
Conserve by Bicycling Program established by sub-
section (b).
(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means
the Secretary of Transportation.
(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within the
Department of Transportation a program to be known as
the ‘‘Conserve by Bicycling Program’’.
(c) PROJECTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program,
the Secretary shall establish not more than 10 pilot
projects that are—
(A) dispersed geographically throughout the
United States; and
(B) designed to conserve energy resources by
encouraging the use of bicycles in place of motor
vehicles.
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—A pilot project described
in paragraph (1) shall—
(A) use education and marketing to convert
motor vehicle trips to bicycle trips;
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(B) document project results and energy
savings (in estimated units of energy conserved);
(C) facilitate partnerships among interested
parties in at least 2 of the fields of—
(i) transportation;
(ii) law enforcement;
(iii) education;
(iv) public health;
(v) environment; and
(vi) energy;
(D) maximize bicycle facility investments;
(E) demonstrate methods that may be used
in other regions of the United States; and
(F) facilitate the continuation of ongoing
programs that are sustained by local resources.
(3) COST SHARING.—At least 20 percent of the
cost of each pilot project described in paragraph (1)
shall be provided from non-Federal sources.
(d) ENERGY AND BICYCLING RESEARCH STUDY.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
enter into a contract with the National Academy of
Sciences for, and the National Academy of Sciences
shall conduct and submit to Congress a report on, a
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study on the feasibility of converting motor vehicle
trips to bicycle trips.
(2) COMPONENTS.—The study shall—
(A) document the results or progress of the
pilot projects under subsection (c);
(B) determine the type and duration of
motor vehicle trips that people in the United
States may feasibly make by bicycle, taking into
consideration factors such as—
(i) weather;
(ii) land use and traffic patterns;
(iii) the carrying capacity of bicycles;
and
(iv) bicycle infrastructure;
(C) determine any energy savings that
would result from the conversion of motor vehicle
trips to bicycle trips;
(D) include a cost-benefit analysis of bicycle
infrastructure investments; and
(E) include a description of any factors
that would encourage more motor vehicle trips to
be replaced with bicycle trips.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
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this section $6,200,000, to remain available until expended,
of which—
(1) $5,150,000 shall be used to carry out pilot
projects described in subsection (c);
(2) $300,000 shall be used by the Secretary to co-
ordinate, publicize, and disseminate the results of the
program; and
(3) $750,000 shall be used to carry out sub-
section (d).
SEC. 733. REDUCTION OF ENGINE IDLING OF HEAVY-DUTY
VEHICLES.
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
(1) 
ADMINISTRATOR.—The 
term 
‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
(2) ADVANCED
TRUCK
STOP
ELECTRIFICATION
SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘advanced truck stop electrifica-
tion system’’ means a stationary system that delivers
heat, air conditioning, electricity, and communica-
tions, and is capable of providing verifiable and
auditable evidence of use of those services, to a heavy-
duty vehicle and any occupants of the heavy-duty ve-
hicle without relying on components mounted onboard
the heavy-duty vehicle for delivery of those services.
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(3) AUXILIARY POWER UNIT.—The term ‘‘auxil-
iary power unit’’ means an integrated system that—
(A) provides heat, air conditioning, engine
warming, and electricity to the factory-installed
components on a heavy-duty vehicle as if the
main drive engine of the heavy-duty vehicle were
running; and
(B) is certified by the Administrator under
part 89 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations
(or any successor regulation), as meeting appli-
cable emission standards.
(4) HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLE.—The term ‘‘heavy-
duty vehicle’’ means a vehicle that—
(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating greater
than 12,500 pounds; and
(B) is powered by a diesel engine.
(5) IDLE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY.—The term
‘‘idle reduction technology’’ means an advanced truck
stop electrification system, auxiliary power unit, or
other device or system of devices that—
(A) is used to reduce long-duration idling of
a heavy-duty vehicle; and
(B) allows for the main drive engine or
auxiliary refrigeration engine of a heavy-duty
vehicle to be shut down.
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(6) LONG-DURATION IDLING.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘long-duration
idling’’ means the operation of a main drive en-
gine or auxiliary refrigeration engine of a
heavy-duty vehicle, for a period greater than 15
consecutive minutes, at a time at which the
main drive engine is not engaged in gear.
(B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘‘long-duration
idling’’ does not include the operation of a main
drive engine or auxiliary refrigeration engine of
a heavy-duty vehicle during a routine stoppage
associated with traffic movement or congestion.
(b) IDLE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY BENEFITS, PRO-
GRAMS, AND STUDIES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator
shall—
(A)(i) commence a review of the mobile
source air emission models of the Environmental
Protection Agency used under the Clean Air Act
(42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) to determine whether the
models accurately reflect the emissions resulting
from long-duration idling of heavy-duty vehicles
and other vehicles and engines; and
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(ii) update those models as the Adminis-
trator determines to be appropriate; and
(B)(i) commence a review of the emission
reductions achieved by the use of idle reduction
technology; and
(ii) complete such revisions of the regula-
tions and guidance of the Environmental Protec-
tion Agency as the Administrator determines to
be appropriate.
(2) DEADLINE
FOR
COMPLETION.—Not later
than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act,
the Administrator shall—
(A) complete the reviews under subpara-
graphs (A)(i) and (B)(i) of paragraph (1); and
(B) prepare and make publicly available 1
or more reports on the results of the reviews.
(3) DISCRETIONARY
INCLUSIONS.—The reviews
under subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B)(i) of paragraph
(1) and the reports under paragraph (2)(B) may ad-
dress the potential fuel savings resulting from use of
idle reduction technology.
(4) IDLE REDUCTION DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM.—
(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—
(i) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90
days after the date of enactment of this Act,
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the Administrator, in consultation with the
Secretary of Transportation, shall establish
a program to support deployment of idle re-
duction technology.
(ii) 
PRIORITY.—The 
Administrator
shall give priority to the deployment of idle
reduction technology based on beneficial ef-
fects on air quality and ability to lessen the
emission of criteria air pollutants.
(B) FUNDING.—
(i) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Administrator to carry out
subparagraph (A)—
(I) $19,500,000 for fiscal year
2006;
(II) $30,000,000 for fiscal year
2007; and
(III) $45,000,000 for fiscal year
2008.
(ii) COST SHARING.—Subject to clause
(iii), the Administrator shall require at
least 50 percent of the costs directly and
specifically related to any project under this
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section to be provided from non-Federal
sources.
(iii) NECESSARY
AND
APPROPRIATE
REDUCTIONS.—The Administrator may re-
duce the non-Federal requirement under
clause (ii) if the Administrator determines
that the reduction is necessary and appro-
priate to meet the objectives of this section.
(5) IDLING LOCATION STUDY.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ad-
ministrator, in consultation with the Secretary
of Transportation, shall commence a study to
analyze all locations at which heavy-duty vehi-
cles stop for long-duration idling, including—
(i) truck stops;
(ii) rest areas;
(iii) border crossings;
(iv) ports;
(v) transfer facilities; and
(vi) private terminals.
(B) DEADLINE
FOR
COMPLETION.—Not
later than 180 days after the date of enactment
of this Act, the Administrator shall—
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(i) complete the study under subpara-
graph (A); and
(ii) prepare and make publicly avail-
able 1 or more reports of the results of the
study.
(c) VEHICLE WEIGHT EXEMPTION.—Section 127(a) of
title 23, United States Code, is amended—
(1) by designating the first through eleventh sen-
tences as paragraphs (1) through (11), respectively;
and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(12) HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES.—
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to subpara-
graphs (B) and (C), in order to promote reduc-
tion of fuel use and emissions because of engine
idling, the maximum gross vehicle weight limit
and the axle weight limit for any heavy-duty ve-
hicle equipped with an idle reduction technology
shall be increased by a quantity necessary to
compensate for the additional weight of the idle
reduction system.
‘‘(B) MAXIMUM
WEIGHT
INCREASE.—The
weight increase under subparagraph (A) shall be
not greater than 250 pounds.
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‘‘(C) PROOF.—On request by a regulatory
agency or law enforcement agency, the vehicle
operator shall provide proof (through demonstra-
tion or certification) that—
‘‘(i) the idle reduction technology is
fully functional at all times; and
‘‘(ii) the 250-pound gross weight in-
crease is not used for any purpose other
than the use of idle reduction technology de-
scribed in subparagraph (A).’’.
SEC. 734. BIODIESEL ENGINE TESTING PROJECT.
(a) DEFINITION OF BIODIESEL.—In this section, the
term ‘‘biodiesel’’ means a diesel fuel substitute produced
from nonpetroleum renewable resources that meets—
(1) the registration requirements for fuels and
fuel additives established under section 211 of the
Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545); and
(2) the American Society for Testing and Mate-
rials Standard D6751–02a ‘‘Standard Specification
for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate
Fuels’’.
(b) PROGRAM.—Not later than 180 days after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate a
project, in partnership with diesel engine, diesel fuel injec-
tion system, and diesel vehicle manufacturers and diesel
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and biodiesel fuel providers, to provide biodiesel testing in
advanced diesel engine and fuel system technology.
(c) SCOPE.—The project shall provide for testing to de-
termine the impact of biodiesel on current and future emis-
sion control technologies, with emphasis on—
(1) the impact of biodiesel on emissions war-
ranty, in-use liability, and anti-tampering provi-
sions;
(2) the impact of long-term use of biodiesel on
engine operations;
(3) the options for optimizing those technologies
for both emissions and performance when switching
between biodiesel and diesel fuel; and
(4) the impact of using biodiesel in those fueling
systems and engines when used as a blend with diesel
fuel containing a maximum of 15-parts-per-million
sulfur content, as mandated by the Administrator of
the Environmental Protection Agency during 2006.
(d) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress a report on the results of the project, including—
(1) a comprehensive analysis of impacts from
biodiesel on engine operation for both existing and ex-
pected future diesel technologies; and
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(2) recommendations for ensuring optimal emis-
sions reductions and engine performance with bio-
diesel.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2008.
SEC. 735. INVESTIGATION OF GASOLINE PRICES.
(a) INVESTIGATION.—Not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Federal Trade Commis-
sion shall conduct an investigation to determine if the price
of gasoline is being artificially manipulated by reducing
refinery capacity or by any other form of market manipula-
tion or price gouging practices.
(b) EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS.—The Secretary shall
direct the National Petroleum Council to conduct an eval-
uation and analysis to determine whether, and to what ex-
tent, environmental and other regulations affect new domes-
tic refinery construction and significant expansion of exist-
ing refinery capacity.
(c) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.—
(1) INVESTIGATION.—On completion of the inves-
tigation under subsection (a), the Federal Trade Com-
mission shall submit to Congress a report that
describes—
(A) the results of the investigation; and