IB 
Union Calendar No. 290 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2184 
[Report No. 119–338] 
To enforce the requirement that the National Instant Criminal Background 
Check System make a final disposition of requests to correct its records 
within 60 days, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 18, 2025 
Mr. EMMER (for himself, Mr. BEAN of Florida, Mr. BIGGS of Arizona, Mr. 
BOST, Mr. CARTER of Georgia, Mr. COLLINS, Mr. DONALDS, Mr. ESTES, 
Mr. FINSTAD, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. GOSAR, Mr. NORMAN, Ms. 
TENNEY, Mr. TIMMONS, and Mr. RESCHENTHALER) introduced the fol-
lowing bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 
OCTOBER 3, 2025 
Additional sponsors: Mr. VAN DREW, Mr. NEWHOUSE, Mr. GROTHMAN, Mr. 
MANN, Mr. BARR, Mr. ROGERS
of Alabama, Mr. CALVERT, Ms. 
STEFANIK, Mrs. FISCHBACH, and Mr. HAMADEH of Arizona 
OCTOBER 3, 2025 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on March 18, 2025] 
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A BILL 
To enforce the requirement that the National Instant Crimi-
nal Background Check System make a final disposition 
of requests to correct its records within 60 days, and 
for other purposes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Firearm Due Process 
Protection Act of 2025’’. 
SEC. 2. ENFORCEMENT OF DEADLINE FOR FINAL DISPOSI-
TION OF REQUESTS TO CORRECT RECORDS 
OF THE NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACK-
GROUND CHECK SYSTEM; DUE PROCESS PRO-
TECTIONS. 
Section 925A of title 18, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—’’ before 
‘‘Any person’’; 
(2) by inserting ‘‘or aggrieved by a violation of 
the penultimate sentence of section 103(g) of the 
Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act’’ after ‘‘(s) 
or (t) of section 922’’; 
(3) by striking the last sentence; and 
(4) by adding after and below the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(b) PROCEDURAL RULES.— 
‘‘(1) EXPEDITED HEARING.—The court shall hold 
a hearing on an action brought under subsection (a), 
within 30 days after the action is brought. 
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‘‘(2) BURDEN OF PROOF.—At such a hearing, the 
respondent shall bear the burden of proving by clear 
and convincing evidence that the individual is ineli-
gible to receive or possess a firearm. 
‘‘(c) REMEDIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The court shall assess 
against the respondent reasonable attorney fees and 
other litigation costs reasonably incurred in an action 
brought under subsection (a) in which the complain-
ant has substantially prevailed. 
‘‘(2) SUBSTANTIALLY PREVAILED.—For purposes 
of this section, a complainant has substantially pre-
vailed if the complainant has obtained relief 
through— 
‘‘(A) a judicial order; 
‘‘(B) an enforceable written agreement or 
consent decree; or 
‘‘(C) a voluntary or unilateral change in 
position by the United States, if the complain-
ant’s claim is not insubstantial.’’. 
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