‘‘(10) SUBSISTENCE USE.—The term ‘subsist-
ence use’ means the customary and traditional use 
of fish, wildlife, or other freshwater, coastal, or ma-
rine resources by any individual or community to 
meet personal or family needs, including essential 
economic, nutritional, or cultural applications.’’; and 
(9) by inserting after paragraph (11), as redes-
ignated by paragraph (4), the following: 
‘‘(12) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘Trib-
al organization’ has the meaning given that term in 
section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu-
cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).’’. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
610 of the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research 
and Control Act of 1998 (33 U.S.C. 4009) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out this title, for each of fiscal years 2026 
through 2030— 
‘‘(1) $19,500,000 to the Under Secretary; and 
‘‘(2) $8,000,000 to the Administrator.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) TRANSFER AUTHORITY.—As specifically pro-
vided in advance in appropriations Acts, the Under Sec-
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retary or the Administrator may transfer funds made 
available to carry out this title to the head of any Federal 
department or agency, with the concurrence of such head, 
to carry out, as appropriate, relevant provisions of this 
title and section 9(g) of the National Integrated Drought 
Information System Reauthorization Act of 2018 (33 
U.S.C. 4010).’’. 
SEC. 3. OTHER HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM AND HYPOXIA 
MATTERS. 
Section 9(g) of the National Integrated Drought In-
formation System Reauthorization Act of 2018 (33 U.S.C. 
4010) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by adding at the 
end the following new sentence: ‘‘The appro-
priate Federal official may waive the non-Fed-
eral share requirements of the preceding sen-
tence if such official determines no reasonable 
means are available through which the recipient 
of the Federal share can meet the non-Federal 
share requirement.’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(D) CONTRACT, COOPERATIVE
AGREE-
MENT, AND
GRANT
AUTHORITY.—The appro-
priate Federal official may enter into contracts, 
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cooperative agreements, and grants with States, 
Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, Native Ha-
waiian organizations, local governments, or 
other entities to pay for or reimburse costs in-
curred by such entities for the purposes of sup-
porting the determination of, and assessing the 
environmental, economic, subsistence use, and 
public health effects of, an event of national 
significance.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘‘a 
leadership official of an affected Indian Tribe, 
the executive official of the District of Colum-
bia, or the executive official of an affected terri-
tory or possession of the United States,’’ after 
‘‘State,’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘con-
sider’’ and all that follows through ‘‘boundary.’’ 
and inserting ‘‘consider factors such as— 
‘‘(i) the risk to public health and the 
potential severity of the detrimental envi-
ronmental effects of the hypoxia or harm-
ful algal bloom event, as indicated by— 
‘‘(I) data on shellfish or water 
quality obtained through sampling 
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programs, including baseline data, 
and regulatory or advisory thresholds 
established to explain management ac-
tions related to the event; 
‘‘(II) toxin levels in fish, marine 
mammals, seabirds, shellfish, or water 
during the event; 
‘‘(III) toxic aerosols produced 
during the event, including potential 
human exposures to toxic aerosols; 
‘‘(IV) reports of human or ani-
mal illnesses or mortalities during the 
event; 
‘‘(V) any closures of fishing or 
shellfish harvesting locations or rec-
reational 
public 
waters, 
including 
beaches, during the event; 
‘‘(VI) the duration and spatial 
extent of the event; or 
‘‘(VII) impacts to habitats or 
ecosystems associated with the event; 
‘‘(ii) the potential economic, food safe-
ty and security, and subsistence impacts 
associated with the hypoxia or harmful 
algal bloom event, including to fisheries 
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and aquaculture, recreation and tourism, 
monitoring and management, resource use, 
and event response activities, assessed in 
comparison with historical data from when 
a State or region did not experience such 
an event, as possible, as indicated by— 
‘‘(I) increases in public health ex-
penditures; 
‘‘(II) losses to commercial fish-
eries 
and 
aquaculture 
industries, 
recreation and tourism, real estate, 
and other impacted industries or busi-
nesses; 
‘‘(III) increases in monitoring 
and management expenditures, includ-
ing costs incurred for event response 
and clean-up (such as for beach clean- 
up following an influx of biomass or a 
fish-kill) by public or private sectors; 
or 
‘‘(IV) impacts to subsistence re-
sources, 
including 
nutritional, 
re-
source use, and economic effects on 
subsistence communities; 
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