108TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4053
AN ACT
To improve the workings of international organiza-
tions and multilateral institutions, and for other
purposes.
108TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4053
AN ACT
To improve the workings of international organizations and
multilateral institutions, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘United States Inter-
national Leadership Act of 2004’’.
TITLE I—UNITED STATES
INTERNATIONAL LEADERSHIP
SEC. 101. FINDINGS.
The Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Decisions at many international organiza-
tions and other multilateral institutions, including
membership and key positions, remain subject to de-
terminations made by regional groups where demo-
cratic states are often in the minority and where
there is intensive cooperation among repressive re-
gimes. As a result, the United States has often been
blocked in its attempts to take action in these insti-
tutions to advance its goals and objectives, including
at the United Nations Human Rights Commission
(where a representative of Libya was elected as
chairman and the United States temporarily lost a
seat).
(2) In order to address these shortcomings, the
United States must actively work to improve the
workings of international organizations and multilat-
eral institutions, particularly by creating a caucus of
democratic countries that will advance United States
interests. In the second Ministerial Conference of
the Community of Democracies in Seoul, Korea, on
November 10–20, 2002, numerous countries rec-
ommended working together as a democracy caucus
in international organizations such as the United
Nations and ensuring that international and regional
institutions develop and apply democratic standards
for member states.
SEC. 102. ESTABLISHMENT OF A DEMOCRACY CAUCUS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President of the United
States, acting through the Secretary of State and the rel-
evant United States chiefs of mission, shall seek to estab-
lish a democracy caucus at the United Nations, the United
Nations Human Rights Commission, the United Nations
Conference on Disarmament, and at other broad-based
international organizations.
(b) PURPOSES OF THE CAUCUS.—A democracy cau-
cus at an international organization should—
(1) forge common positions, including, as ap-
propriate, at the ministerial level, on matters of con-
cern before the organization and work within and
across regional lines to promote agreed positions;
(2) work to revise an increasingly outmoded
system of regional voting and decision making; and
(3) set up a rotational leadership scheme to
provide member states an opportunity, for a set pe-
riod of time, to serve as the designated president of
the caucus, responsible for serving as its voice in
each organization.
SEC. 103. ANNUAL DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS ON MULTILAT-
ERAL ISSUES.
The Secretary of State, acting through the principal
officers responsible for advising the Secretary on inter-
national organizations, shall ensure that a high-level dele-
gation from the United States Government, on an annual
basis, is sent to consult with key foreign governments in
every region in order to promote the United States agenda
at key international fora, such as the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly, United Nations Human Rights Commis-
sion, the United Nations Education, Science, and Cultural
Organization, and the International Whaling Commission.
SEC. 104. LEADERSHIP AND MEMBERSHIP OF INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.
(a) UNITED STATES POLICY.—The President, acting
through the Secretary of State and the relevant United
States chiefs of mission, shall use the voice, vote, and in-
fluence of the United States to—
(1) where appropriate, reform the criteria for
leadership and, in appropriate cases for membership,
at all United Nations bodies and at other inter-
national organizations and multilateral institutions
to which the United States is a member so as to ex-
clude nations that violate the principles of the spe-
cific organization;
(2) make it a policy of the United Nations and
other international organizations and multilateral in-
stitutions, of which the United States is a member,
that a member state may not stand in nomination
or be in rotation for a leadership position in such
bodies if the member state is subject to sanctions
imposed by the United Nations Security Council;
and
(3) work to ensure that no member state stand
in nomination or be in rotation for a leadership posi-
tion in such organizations, or for membership of the
United Nations Security Council, if the member
state is subject to a determination under section
620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section
40 of the Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j)
of the Export Administration Act.
(b) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 15 days
after a country subject to a determination under section
620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40
of the Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j) of the
Export Administration Act of 1979 is selected for a lead-
ership post in an international organization of which the
United States is a member or a membership of the United
Nations Security Council, the Secretary of State shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report
on any steps taken pursuant to subsection (a)(3).
SEC. 105. INCREASED TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLO-
MACY.
(a) TRAINING PROGRAMS.—Section 708 of the For-
eign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended
by adding after subsection (b) the following new sub-
section:
‘‘(c) TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a series of training courses for officers of the
Service, including appropriate chiefs of mission, on
the conduct of diplomacy at international organiza-
tions and other multilateral institutions and at
broad-based 
multilateral 
negotiations 
of 
inter-
national instruments.
‘‘(2) PARTICULAR PROGRAMS.—The Secretary
shall ensure that the training described in paragraph
(1) is provided at various stages of the career of
members of the service. in particular, the Secretary
shall ensure that after January 1, 2006—
‘‘(A) officers of the Service receive training
on the conduct of diplomacy at international or-
ganizations and other multilateral institutions
and at broad-based multilateral negotiations of
international instruments as part of their train-
ing upon entry of the Service; and
‘‘(B) officers of the Service, including
chiefs of mission, who are assigned to United
States missions representing the United States
to international organizations and other multi-
lateral institutions or who are assigned in
Washington, D.C., to positions that have as
their primary responsibility formulation of pol-
icy towards such organizations and institutions
or towards participation in broad-based multi-
lateral negotiations of international instruments
receive specialized training in the areas de-
scribed in paragraph (1) prior to beginning of
service for such assignment or, if receiving such
training at that time is not practical, within the
first year of beginning such assignment.’’.
(b) TRAINING FOR CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES.—
The Secretary shall ensure that employees of the Depart-
ment of State that are members of the civil service and
that are assigned to positions described in section 708(c)
of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (as amended by this
subtitle) have training described in such section.