I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2840 
To direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, acting through 
the Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research, to publish 
guidelines and best practices for State zoning and local zoning frame-
works, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 10, 2025 
Mr. FLOOD (for himself and Ms. PETTERSEN) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Financial Services 
A BILL 
To direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, 
acting through the Assistant Secretary for Policy Devel-
opment and Research, to publish guidelines and best 
practices for State zoning and local zoning frameworks, 
and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Housing Supply 
Frameworks Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the followings: 
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(1) As of 2022 in the United States, there was 
an estimated housing shortage of 3,850,000 homes. 
This housing supply shortage has resulted in a 
record number of cost-burdened households across 
regions and spanning the large and small cities, 
towns, and coastal and rural communities of the 
United States. 
(2) Several factors contribute to the under-
supply of housing in the United States, particularly 
workforce housing, including rising costs of con-
struction, a shortage of labor, supply chain disrup-
tions, and a lack of reliable funding sources. 
(3) Regulatory barriers at the State and local 
levels, such as zoning and land use regulations, also 
inhibit the creation of new housing to meet local and 
regional housing needs. 
(4) State and local governments are proactively 
exploring solutions for reforming regulatory barriers, 
but additional resources, data, and models can help 
adequately address these challenges. 
(5) While land use regulation is the responsi-
bility of State and local governments, there is Fed-
eral support for necessary reforms, and there is an 
opportunity for the Federal Government to provide 
support and assistance to State and local govern-
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ments that wish to undertake necessary reforms in 
a manner that fits their communities’ needs. 
(6) Therefore, zoning ordinances or systems of 
land use regulation that have the intent or effect of 
restricting housing opportunities based on economic 
status or income without interests that are substan-
tial, legitimate, nondiscriminatory and that outweigh 
the regional need for housing are contrary to the re-
gional and national interest. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) AFFORDABLE HOUSING.—The term ‘‘afford-
able housing’’ means housing in which the occupant 
is paying no more than 30 percent of gross income 
for housing costs. 
(2) ASSISTANT SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Assist-
ant Secretary’’ means the Assistant Secretary for 
Policy Development and Research of the Depart-
ment of Housing and Urban Development. 
(3) FRAMEWORK-RELATED TERMS.— 
(A) LOCAL
ZONING
FRAMEWORK.—The 
term ‘‘local zoning framework’’ means the local 
zoning codes and other ordinances, procedures, 
and policies governing zoning and land-use at 
the local level. 
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(B) STATE
ZONING
FRAMEWORK.—The 
term ‘‘State zoning framework’’ means the 
State legislation or State agency and depart-
ment procedures, or such legislation or proce-
dures in an insular area of the United States, 
enabling local planning and zoning authorities 
and establishing and guiding related policies 
and programs. 
(4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. 
SEC. 4. GUIDELINES ON STATE AND LOCAL ZONING FRAME-
WORKS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this section, the Assistant Sec-
retary shall publish documents outlining guidelines and 
best practices to support production of adequate housing 
to meet the needs of communities and provide housing op-
portunities for individuals at every income level across 
communities with respect to— 
(1) State zoning frameworks; and 
(2) local zoning frameworks. 
(b) CONSULTATION; PUBLIC COMMENT.—During the 
2 year period beginning on the date of enactment of this 
section, in developing the guidelines and best practices re-
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quired under the previous subsection, the Assistant Sec-
retary shall— 
(1) publish draft guidelines in the Federal Reg-
ister for public comment; and 
(2) establish a task force for the purpose of 
providing consultation to draft guidelines published 
under the previous clause, the members of which 
shall include— 
(A) planners and architects; 
(B) advocates with experience in affordable 
housing, community development efforts, and 
fair housing; 
(C) housing developers, including afford-
able and market-rate housing developers, manu-
factured housing developers, and other business 
interests; 
(D) community engagement experts and 
community members impacted by zoning deci-
sions; 
(E) public housing authorities and transit 
authorities; 
(F) members of local zoning and planning 
boards and local and regional transportation 
planning organizations; 
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(G) State officials responsible for housing 
or land use, including members of State zoning 
boards of appeals; 
(H) academic researchers; and 
(I) home builders. 
(c) CONTENTS.—The guidelines and best practices 
required under subsection (a) shall— 
(1) with respect to State zoning frameworks, 
outline potential models for updated State enabling 
legislation or State agency and department proce-
dures; 
(2) include recommendations regarding— 
(A) the reduction or elimination of parking 
minimums; 
(B) the increase in maximum floor area 
ratio requirements and maximum building 
heights and the reduction in minimum lot sizes 
and set-back requirements; 
(C) the elimination of restrictions against 
accessory dwelling units; 
(D) increasing by-right uses, including du-
plex, triplex, or quadplex buildings, across cities 
or metropolitan areas, including mechanisms, 
such as proximity to transit, to determine the 
jurisdictional level for rezoning and ensures de-
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velopment that does not disproportionately bur-
den residents of economically distressed areas; 
(E) review of by-right development pro-
posals to streamline review and reduce uncer-
tainty, including— 
(i) nondiscretionary, ministerial re-
view; and 
(ii) entitlement and design review 
processes; 
(F) the reduction of obstacles to a range of 
housing types at all levels of affordability, in-
cluding manufactured and modular housing; 
(G) State model zoning regulations for di-
recting local reforms, including mechanisms to 
encourage adoption; 
(H) provisions to encourage transit-ori-
ented development, including increased permis-
sible units per structure and reduced minimum 
lot sizes near existing or planned public transit 
stations; 
(I) potential reforms to the public engage-
ment process, including— 
(i) meaningful access for persons with 
limited English proficiency and effective 
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communication improvements for persons 
with disabilities; 
(ii) leveraging of virtual meeting tech-
nologies; and 
(iii) proactive outreach in commu-
nities; 
(J) reforms to protest petition statutes; 
(K) the standardization, reduction, or 
elimination of impact fees; 
(L) cost effective and appropriate building 
codes; 
(M) models for community benefit agree-
ments; 
(N) mechanisms to preserve affordability, 
limit disruption of low-income communities, and 
prevent displacement of existing residents; 
(O) with respect to State zoning frame-
works, a model for a State zoning appeals proc-
ess, which would— 
(i) create a process for developers or 
builders requesting a variance, conditional 
use, or zoning district change or otherwise 
petitioning a local zoning or planning 
board for a project including a State-de-
fined amount of affordable housing to ap-
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peal a rejection to a State body or regional 
body empowered by the State; 
(ii) establish qualifications for com-
munities to be exempted from the appeals 
process based on their available stock of 
affordable housing; and 
(iii) establish a State zoning appeals 
board to consider appeals to a variance re-
jection and objectively evaluate petitions 
based on the potential for environmental 
damage and infrastructural capacity; 
(P) with respect to State zoning frame-
works, best practices on the disposition of land 
owned by State governments for affordable 
housing development; 
(Q) with respect to local zoning frame-
works— 
(i) the simplification and standardiza-
tion of existing zoning codes; 
(ii) maximum review timelines; 
(iii) 
differentiations 
between 
best 
practices for rural, suburban, and urban 
communities, and communities with dif-
ferent levels of density or population dis-
tribution; and 
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(iv) best practices for the disposition 
of land owned by local governments; and 
(R) other land use measures that promote 
access to new housing opportunities identified 
by the Secretary; and 
(3) consider— 
(A) local housing needs, including ways to 
set and measure housing goals and targets; 
(B) a range of affordability for rental 
units, with a prioritization of units attainable to 
extremely low-income, low-income, and mod-
erate income residents; 
(C) a range of affordability for homeown-
ership units attainable to low-income and mod-
erate-income residents; 
(D) with respect to State zoning frame-
works, distinctions between States providing 
constitutional or statutory home rule authority 
to municipalities and States operating under 
the Dillon rule, as articulated in Hunter v. 
Pittsburgh (207 U.S. 161 (1907)); 
(E) accountability measures; 
(F) the long-term cost to residents and 
businesses if more housing is not constructed; 
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(G) barriers to individuals seeking to ac-
cess affordable housing in growing communities 
and communities with economic opportunity; 
(H) consistency with respect to fair hous-
ing and civil rights requirements; 
(I) effects of adopting any recommenda-
tions on eligibility for Federal discretionary 
grants under the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development, the Department of Trans-
portation, and the Department of Agriculture, 
and tax credits for the purpose of housing or 
community development; 
(J) coordination between infrastructure in-
vestments and housing planning; 
(K) with respect to State zoning frame-
works, statewide mechanisms to preserve exist-
ing affordability over the long term, including 
support for land banks and community land 
trusts; 
(L) with respect to State zoning frame-
works, guidance to States on collecting and 
maintaining proactive data on the current rent-
al housing market and rental registries; 
(M) public comments described in sub-
section (b)(1); and 
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(N) other considerations as identified by 
the Secretary. 
SEC. 5. REPORTING. 
Not later than 5 years after the date on which the 
Assistant Secretary publishes the guidelines and best prac-
tices for State and local zoning frameworks, the Assistant 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing— 
(1) the States that have adopted recommenda-
tions from the guidelines and best practices, pursu-
ant to section 4 of this Act; 
(2) a summary of the localities that have adopt-
ed recommendations from the guidelines and best 
practices, pursuant to Section 4 of this Act; 
(3) a list of States that adopted a State zoning 
framework; 
(4) a summary of the modifications that each 
State has made in their State zoning framework; 
and 
(5) a general summary of the types of updates 
localities have made to their local zoning framework. 
SEC. 6. ABOLISHMENT OF REGULATORY BARRIERS CLEAR-
INGHOUSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Regulatory Barriers Clear-
inghouse established pursuant to section 1205 of the 
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Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 (42 
U.S.C. 12705d) is abolished. 
(b) REPEAL.—Section 1205 of the Housing and 
Community Development Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 12705d) 
is repealed. 
SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary of Housing and Urban Development to carry out 
this Act $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 
2030. 
Æ 
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