395
organization or entity listed in clause (ii);
and
(iv) any successor of any business en-
terprise or other organization or entity list-
ed in clause (ii) or (iii).
(B) In the case of countries where it may
be impossible to identify a specific governmental
entity referred to in subparagraph (A), the
term ‘‘person’’ means—
(i) all activities of that government re-
lating to the development or production of
any missile equipment or technology; and
(ii) all activities of that government
affecting the development or production of
aircraft, electronics, and space systems or
equipment.
(C) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term
‘‘United States person’’ has the meaning given
that term in section 16(2) of the Export Ad-
ministration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App.
2415(2)).
(D) 
MISSILE
EQUIPMENT
OR
TECH-
NOLOGY.—The term ‘‘missile equipment or
technology’’ has the meaning given that term in
396
section 11B(c) of the Export Administration
Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2410b(c)).
(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by
subsections (a) and (b) shall apply with respect to sanc-
tions imposed on or after January 1, 2003, on foreign per-
sons under section 73(a)(2) of the Arms Export Control
Act, and the provisions of subsection (c) shall apply with
respect to sanctions imposed on or after January 1, 2003,
on foreign persons under section 11B(b) of the Export Ad-
ministration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2410b(b)), as
continued in effect under the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act.
Subtitle C—Incentives for Missile
Threat Reduction
SEC. 1431. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE.
(a) TYPES OF ASSISTANCE.—The President is au-
thorized to provide, on such terms as the President deems
appropriate, the following assistance to countries that
agree to destroy their ballistic missiles, and their facilities
for producing ballistic missiles, that have a payload capac-
ity of 500 kilograms or more over a distance of 300 kilo-
meters or more:
(1) Assistance under section 23 of the Arms
Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763).
397
(2) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et
seq.), notwithstanding section 531(e) or 660(a) of
that Act (22 U.S.C. 2346(e) or 2420(a)).
(3) Drawdown of defense articles, defense serv-
ices, and military education and training under sec-
tion 506 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2318).
(b) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Assistance au-
thorized under subsection (a) may not be provided until
30 days after the date on which the President has pro-
vided notice thereof to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees in accordance with the procedures applicable to
reprogramming notifications under section 634A(a) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1(a)).
(c) LIMITATION.—Any assistance provided to a coun-
try under subsection (a) may not be provided in more than
3 fiscal years.
SEC. 1432. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—There is authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out section 1431 the
sum of $250,000,000.
(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts appropriated pursuant
to the authorization of appropriations under subsection (a)
are authorized to remain available until expended.
398
SEC. 1433. AUTHORIZATION OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN
MISSILE DISARMAMENT.
The President is authorized to provide technical as-
sistance in the destruction of any missile or facility for
producing ballistic missiles, in any country that requests
such assistance.
TITLE XV—PROMOTION OF DE-
MOCRACY, 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS,
AND 
RULE 
OF 
LAW 
IN
BELARUS
SEC. 1501. ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY AND
CIVIL SOCIETY IN BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSES
OF
ASSISTANCE.—The assistance
under this section shall be available for the following pur-
poses:
(1) To assist the people of the Republic of
Belarus in regaining their freedom and to enable
them to join the European community of democ-
racies.
(2) To encourage free and fair presidential,
parliamentary, and local elections in Belarus, con-
ducted in a manner consistent with internationally
accepted standards and under the supervision of
internationally recognized observers.
(3) To assist in restoring and strengthening in-
stitutions of democratic governance in Belarus.
399
(b) AUTHORIZATION FOR ASSISTANCE.—To carry out
the purposes of subsection (a), the President is authorized
to furnish assistance and other support for the activities
described in subsection (c), to be provided primarily for
indigenous Belarusian groups that are committed to the
support of democratic processes.
(c) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Activities that may be
supported by assistance under subsection (b) include—
(1) the observation of elections and the pro-
motion of free and fair electoral processes;
(2) development of democratic political parties;
(3) radio and television broadcasting to and
within Belarus;
(4) the development of nongovernmental organi-
zations promoting democracy and supporting human
rights;
(5) the development of independent media
working within Belarus and from locations outside
the country and supported by nonstate-controlled
printing facilities;
(6) international exchanges and advanced pro-
fessional training programs for leaders and members
of the democratic forces in skill areas central to the
development of civil society; and
400
(7) other activities consistent with the purposes
of this title.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be
appropriated to the President to carry out this sec-
tion such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years
2004 and 2005.
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization of appropria-
tions under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain
available until expended.
SEC. 1502. RADIO BROADCASTING TO BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to
authorize increased support for United States Government
and surrogate radio broadcasting to the Republic of
Belarus that will facilitate the unhindered dissemination
of information.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addi-
tion to such sums as are otherwise authorized to be appro-
priated, there is authorized to be appropriated such sums
as may be necessary for each fiscal year for Voice of Amer-
ica and RFE/RL, Incorporated for radio broadcasting to
the people of Belarus in languages spoken in Belarus.