(d) EXCEPTION.—An individual who at sentencing 
received an aggravating role adjustment pursuant to 
United States Sentencing Guideline 3B1.1(a) in relation 
to a Federal cannabis offense conviction shall not be eligi-
ble for expungement of that Federal cannabis offense con-
viction under this section. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘Federal cannabis offense’’ means 
an offense that is no longer punishable pursuant to 
this Act or the amendments made under this Act. 
(2) The term ‘‘expunge’’ means, with respect to 
an arrest, a conviction, or a juvenile delinquency ad-
judication, the removal of the record of such arrest, 
conviction, or adjudication from each official index 
or public record. 
(3) The term ‘‘under a criminal justice sen-
tence’’ means, with respect to an individual, that the 
individual is serving a term of probation, parole, su-
pervised release, imprisonment, official detention, 
pre-release custody, or work release, pursuant to a 
sentence or disposition of juvenile delinquency im-
posed on or after the effective date of the Controlled 
Substances Act (May 1, 1971). 
(f) STUDY.—The Comptroller General of the United 
States, in consultation with the Secretary of Health and 
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Human Services, shall conduct a demographic study of in-
dividuals convicted of a Federal cannabis offense. Such 
study shall include information about the age, race, eth-
nicity, sex, and gender identity of those individuals, the 
type of community such users dwell in, and such other 
demographic information as the Comptroller General de-
termines should be included. 
(g) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of 
the United States shall report to Congress the results of 
the study conducted under subsection (f). 
SEC. 11. REFERENCES IN EXISTING LAW TO MARIJUANA OR 
MARIHUANA. 
Wherever, in the statutes of the United States or in 
the rulings, regulations, or interpretations of various ad-
ministrative bureaus and agencies of the United States— 
(1) there appears or may appear the term 
‘‘marihuana’’ or ‘‘marijuana’’, that term shall be 
struck and the term ‘‘cannabis’’ shall be inserted; 
and 
(2) there appears or may appear the term 
‘‘Marihuana’’ or ‘‘Marijuana’’, that term shall be 
struck and the term ‘‘Cannabis’’ shall be inserted. 
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SEC. 12. SEVERABILITY. 
If any provision of this Act or an amendment made 
by this Act, or any application of such provision to any 
person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the 
remainder of this Act, the amendments made by this Act, 
and the application of this Act and the amendments made 
by this Act to any other person or circumstance shall not 
be affected. 
SEC. 13. CANNABIS OFFENSE DEFINED. 
For purposes of this Act, the term ‘‘cannabis offense’’ 
means a criminal offense related to cannabis— 
(1) that, under Federal law, is no longer pun-
ishable pursuant to this Act or the amendments 
made under this Act; or 
(2) that, under State law, is no longer an of-
fense or that was designated a lesser offense or for 
which the penalty was reduced under State law pur-
suant to or following the adoption of a State law au-
thorizing the sale or use of cannabis. 
SEC. 14. RULEMAKING. 
Unless otherwise provided in this Act, not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Depart-
ment of the Treasury, the Department of Justice, and the 
Small Business Administration shall issue or amend any 
rules, standard operating procedures, and other legal or 
policy guidance necessary to carry out implementation of 
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this Act. After the 1-year period, any publicly issued sub- 
regulatory guidance, including any compliance guides, 
manuals, advisories and notices, may not be issued with-
out 60-day notice to appropriate congressional commit-
tees. Notice shall include a description and justification 
for additional guidance. 
SEC. 15. SOCIETAL IMPACT OF MARIJUANA LEGALIZATION 
STUDY. 
The Comptroller General of the United States shall, 
not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
Act, provide to Congress a study that addresses the soci-
etal impact of the legalization of recreational cannabis by 
States, including— 
(1) sick days reported to employers; 
(2) workers compensations claims; 
(3) tax revenue remitted to States resulting 
from legal marijuana sales; 
(4) changes in government spending related to 
enforcement actions and court proceedings; 
(5) Federal welfare assistance applications; 
(6) rate of arrests related to methamphetamine 
possession; 
(7) hospitalization rates related to methamphet-
amine and narcotics use; 
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(8) uses of marijuana and its byproducts for 
medical purposes; 
(9) uses of marijuana and its byproducts for 
purposes relating to the health, including the mental 
health, of veterans; 
(10) arrest rates of individuals driving under 
the influence or driving while intoxicated by mari-
juana; 
(11) traffic-related deaths and injuries where 
the driver is impaired by marijuana; 
(12) arrest of minors for marijuana-related 
charges; 
(13) violent crime rates; 
(14) school suspensions, expulsions, and law en-
forcement referrals that are marijuana-related; 
(15) high school dropout rates; 
(16) changes in district-wide and State-wide 
standardized test scores; 
(17) marijuana-related hospital admissions and 
poison control calls; 
(18) marijuana-related juvenile admittances 
into substance rehabilitation facilities and mental 
health clinics; 
(19) diversion of marijuana into neighboring 
States and drug seizures in neighboring States; 
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(20) marijuana plants grown on public lands in 
contravention to Federal and State laws; and 
(21) court filings under a State’s organized 
crime statutes. 
Æ 
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