ploration, development, and production operations; 
and 
(3) ensure that the maximum amount of sur-
face acreage covered by production and support fa-
cilities, including airstrips and any areas covered by 
gravel berms or piers for support of pipelines, does 
not exceed 10,000 acres on the Coastal Plain for 
each 100,000 acres of area leased. 
(b) SITE-SPECIFIC ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION.— 
With respect to any proposed drilling and related activi-
ties, the Secretary shall require that— 
(1) a site-specific analysis be made of the prob-
able effects, if any, that the drilling or related activi-
ties will have on fish and wildlife, the habitat of fish 
and wildlife, subsistence resources, and the environ-
ment; 
(2) a plan be implemented to avoid, minimize, 
and mitigate (in that order and to the extent prac-
ticable) any significant adverse effect identified 
under paragraph (1); and 
(3) the development of the plan shall occur 
after consultation with the agency or agencies hav-
ing jurisdiction over matters mitigated by the plan. 
(c) REGULATIONS TO PROTECT COASTAL PLAIN 
FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES, SUBSISTENCE USERS, 
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AND
THE ENVIRONMENT.—Prior to implementing the 
leasing program authorized by this subtitle, the Secretary 
shall prepare and promulgate regulations, lease terms, 
conditions, restrictions, prohibitions, stipulations, and 
other measures designed to ensure that the activities un-
dertaken on the Coastal Plain under this subtitle are con-
ducted in a manner consistent with the purposes and envi-
ronmental requirements of this subtitle. 
(d) COMPLIANCE WITH FEDERAL AND STATE ENVI-
RONMENTAL LAWS AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—The 
proposed regulations, lease terms, conditions, restrictions, 
prohibitions, and stipulations for the leasing program 
under this subtitle shall require compliance with all appli-
cable provisions of Federal and State environmental law 
and compliance with the following: 
(1) Standards at least as effective as the safety 
and environmental mitigation measures set forth in 
items 1 through 29 at pages 167 through 169 of the 
document of the Department of the Interior entitled 
‘‘Final Legislative Environmental Impact State-
ment’’ and dated April 1987 relating to the Coastal 
Plain. 
(2) Seasonal limitations on exploration, develop-
ment, and related activities, where necessary, to 
avoid significant adverse effects during periods of 
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concentrated fish and wildlife breeding, denning, 
nesting, spawning, and migration based on a prepon-
derance of the best available scientific evidence that 
has been peer reviewed and obtained by following 
appropriate, documented scientific procedures, the 
results of which can be repeated using those same 
procedures. 
(3) That exploration activities, except for sur-
face geological studies— 
(A) be limited to the period between ap-
proximately November 1 and May 1 each year; 
and 
(B) be supported, if necessary, by ice 
roads, winter trails with adequate snow cover, 
ice pads, ice airstrips, and air transport meth-
ods, except that exploration activities may occur 
at other times if the Secretary finds that the 
exploration will have no significant adverse ef-
fect on the fish and wildlife, the habitat of fish 
and wildlife, and the environment of the Coastal 
Plain. 
(4) Design safety and construction standards 
for all pipelines and any access and service roads, 
that minimize, to the maximum extent practicable, 
adverse effects on— 
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(A) the passage of migratory species such 
as caribou; and 
(B) the flow of surface water by requiring 
the use of culverts, bridges, and other struc-
tural devices. 
(5) Prohibitions on general public access and 
use on all pipeline access and service roads. 
(6) Stringent reclamation and rehabilitation re-
quirements, consistent with the standards set forth 
in this subtitle, requiring the removal from the 
Coastal Plain of all oil and gas development and 
production facilities, structures, and equipment upon 
completion of oil and gas production operations, ex-
cept that the Secretary may exempt from the re-
quirements of this paragraph those facilities, struc-
tures, or equipment that the Secretary determines 
would assist in the management of the Arctic Na-
tional Wildlife Refuge and that are donated to the 
United States for that purpose. 
(7) Appropriate prohibitions or restrictions on 
access by all modes of transportation. 
(8) Appropriate prohibitions or restrictions on 
sand and gravel extraction. 
(9) Consolidation of facility siting. 
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(10) Appropriate prohibitions or restrictions on 
the use of explosives. 
(11) Avoidance, to the extent practicable, of 
springs, streams, and river systems, the protection 
of natural surface drainage patterns, wetlands, and 
riparian habitats, and the regulation of methods or 
techniques for developing or transporting adequate 
supplies of water for exploratory drilling. 
(12) Avoidance or minimization of air traffic-re-
lated disturbance to fish and wildlife. 
(13) Treatment and disposal of hazardous and 
toxic wastes, solid wastes, reserve pit fluids, drilling 
muds and cuttings, and domestic wastewater, includ-
ing an annual waste management report, a haz-
ardous materials tracking system, and a prohibition 
on chlorinated solvents, in accordance with applica-
ble Federal and State environmental law (including 
regulations). 
(14) Fuel storage and oil spill contingency plan-
ning. 
(15) Research, monitoring, and reporting re-
quirements. 
(16) Field crew environmental briefings. 
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