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(e) BRIEFING.—The Director shall provide a briefing 
to the Secretary and the committees specified in sub-
section (a) on the report under such subsection. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence, and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1250G. REPORT ON CYBERSECURITY ACTIVITIES WITH 
TAIWAN. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a report on the 
following: 
(1) The feasibility of establishing a high-level, 
interagency United States-Taiwan working group for 
coordinating responses to emerging issues related to 
cybersecurity. 
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(2) A discussion of the Department of De-
fense’s current and future plans to engage with Tai-
wan in cybersecurity activities. 
(3) A discussion of obstacles encountered in 
forming, executing, or implementing agreements 
with Taiwan for cybersecurity activities. 
(4) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
determines should be included. 
SEC. 1250H. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES- 
INDIA DEFENSE RELATIONSHIP. 
It is the sense of Congress that the United States 
should strengthen and enhance its major defense partner-
ship with India and work toward the following mutual se-
curity and diplomatic objectives: 
(1) Expanding engagement in multilateral 
frameworks, including the quadrilateral dialogue 
among the United States, India, Japan, and Aus-
tralia, to promote regional security and defend 
shared values and common interests in the rules- 
based order. 
(2) Increasing the frequency and scope of ex-
changes between senior civilian officials and military 
officers of the United States and India to support 
the development and implementation of the major 
defense partnership. 
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(3) Exploring additional steps to implement the 
major defense partner designation to better facilitate 
interoperability, information sharing, and appro-
priate technology transfers. 
(4) Pursuing strategic initiatives to help develop 
the defense capabilities of India. 
(5) Conducting additional combined exercises 
with India in the Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean, and 
western Pacific regions. 
(6) Furthering cooperative efforts to promote 
stability and security in Afghanistan. 
SEC. 1250I. UNITED STATES-INDIA DEFENSE COOPERATION 
IN THE WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN. 
(a) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the relevant con-
gressional committees a report on defense coopera-
tion between the United States and India in the 
Western Indian Ocean. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required by paragraph (1) shall include the fol-
lowing: 
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(A) A description of military activities of 
the United States and India, separately, in the 
Western Indian Ocean. 
(B) A description of military cooperation 
activities between the United States and India 
in the areas of humanitarian assistance, 
counterterrorism, counter piracy, maritime se-
curity, and other areas as the Secretary deter-
mines appropriate. 
(C) A description of how the relevant geo-
graphic combatant commands coordinate their 
activities with the Indian military in the West-
ern Indian Ocean. 
(D) A description of the mechanisms in 
place to ensure the relevant geographic combat-
ant commands maximize defense cooperation 
with India in the Western Indian Ocean. 
(E) A description of how the major defense 
partnership with India will be utilized to en-
hance cooperation with India in the Western In-
dian Ocean. 
(F) Areas of future opportunity to increase 
military engagement with India in the Western 
Indian Ocean. 
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(3) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
include a classified annex. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
RELEVANT
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘relevant congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
(2) RELEVANT GEOGRAPHIC COMBATANT COM-
MANDS.—The term ‘‘relevant geographic combatant 
commands’’ means the United States Indo-Pacific 
Command, United States Central Command, and 
United States Africa Command. 
(3) WESTERN
INDIAN
OCEAN.—The term 
‘‘Western Indian Ocean’’ means the area in the In-
dian Ocean extending from the west coast of India 
to the east coast of Africa. 
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SEC. 1250J. CHINESE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN 
COUNTRIES OF THE ARCTIC REGION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) China is projecting a physical presence in 
the Arctic through upgrading to advanced ice-
breakers, utilizing the Arctic Ocean more regularly 
through subsidizing arctic shipping, deploying un-
manned ice stations, and engaging in large and so-
phisticated data collection efforts in countries of the 
Arctic region, including Iceland, Greenland, and 
Canada. 
(2) The 2017 Center for Naval Analysis (CNA) 
report ‘‘Unconstrained Foreign Direct Investment: 
An Emerging Challenge to Arctic Security’’ con-
cluded that China has been actively engaged in 
economies of countries of the Arctic region. 
(3) The CNA report documented a pattern of 
strategic investment by China in the economies of 
countries of the Arctic region, including the United 
States, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and 
Russia, in areas such as raw land, oil and gas, min-
erals, and infrastructure. 
(4) Chinese investments in countries of the Arc-
tic region are significant. For instance, Chinese for-
eign direct investment constituted nearly 12 percent 
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of Greenland’s gross domestic product for the period 
from 2012 to 2017. 
(5) China’s 2018 Arctic Policy White Paper 
documented the Chinese intent to create a ‘‘Polar 
Silk Road’’ in the Arctic. 
(6) China’s ‘‘Polar Silk Road’’ is an extension 
of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). 
(7) China is increasingly using the BRI as the 
impetus for increasing People’s Liberation Army de-
ployments to regions where China has significant in-
vestments, primarily through BRI. 
(8) China has demonstrated an interest in 
using BRI to gain military access to strategic re-
gions. 
(9) Understanding how China’s foreign direct 
investment in countries of the Arctic region affects 
such countries is critical to understanding the degree 
to which China is able to access the region. 
(b) INDEPENDENT STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 45 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall seek to enter into a contract with a 
federally-funded research and development center 
described in paragraph (2) to complete an inde-
pendent study of Chinese foreign direct investment 
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in countries of the Arctic region, with a focus on the 
effects of such foreign direct investment on United 
States national security and near-peer competition 
in the Arctic region. 
(2) FEDERALLY-FUNDED RESEARCH AND DE-
VELOPMENT CENTER DESCRIBED.—A federally-fund-
ed research and development center described in this 
paragraph is a federally-funded research and devel-
opment center that— 
(A) has access to relevant data and dem-
onstrated data-sets regarding foreign direct in-
vestment in the Arctic region; and 
(B) has access to policy experts throughout 
the United States and the Arctic region. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—The study required by subsection 
(b) shall include the following: 
(1) Projects in the Arctic that are directly or 
indirectly funded by public and private Chinese enti-
ties, to— 
(A) build public infrastructure; 
(B) finance of infrastructure; 
(C) lease mineral and oil and gas leases; 
(D) purchase real estate; 
(E) extract or process, including smelting, 
minerals and oil and gas; 
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(F) engage in shipping or to own and oper-
ate or construct shipping infrastructure, includ-
ing ship construction; 
(G) lay undersea cables; and 
(H) manufacture, own or operate tele-
communications capabilities and infrastructure. 
(2) An analysis the legal environment in which 
Chinese foreign direct investment are occurring in 
the United States, Russia, Canada, Greenland, Nor-
way, and Iceland. The analysis should include— 
(A) an assessment of the efficacy of mech-
anisms for screening foreign direct investment 
in the United States, Russia, Canada, Green-
land, Norway, and Iceland; 
(B) an assessment of the degree to which 
there is transparency in Chinese foreign direct 
investment in countries of the Arctic region; 
(C) an assessment of the criteria used to 
assess potential Chinese foreign direct invest-
ment in countries of the Arctic region; 
(D) an assessment of the efficacy of meth-
ods for monitoring approved Chinese foreign di-
rect investment in countries of the Arctic re-
gion; and 
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(E) an assessment of public reporting of 
the decision to approve such Chinese foreign di-
rect investment. 
(3) A comparison of Chinese foreign direct in-
vestment in countries of the Arctic region to other 
countries with major investments in such countries, 
including India, Japan, South Korea, the Nether-
lands, and France. 
(4) An assessment of the environmental impact 
of past Chinese investments in oil and gas, mineral, 
and infrastructure projects in the Arctic region, in-
cluding the degree to which Chinese investors are re-
quired to comply with local environmental laws and 
post bonds to assure remediation if a project be-
comes bankrupt. 
(5) A review of the 2018 Chinese Arctic Policy 
and other relevant public and nonpublic Chinese pol-
icy documents to determine the following: 
(A) China’s strategic objectives in the Arc-
tic region from a military, economic, territorial, 
and political perspective. 
(B) China’s goals in the Arctic region with 
respect to its relations with the United States 
and Russia, including the degree to which ac-
tivities of China in the region are an extension 
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of China’s strategic competition with the United 
States. 
(C) Whether any active or planned infra-
structure investments are likely to result in a 
regular presence of Chinese military vessels or 
the establishment of military bases in the Arctic 
region. 
(D) The extent to which Chinese research 
activities in the Arctic region are a front for 
economic activities, including illegal economic 
espionage, intelligence gathering, and support 
for future Chinese military activities in the re-
gion. 
(E) The degree to which Arctic littoral 
states are susceptible to the political and eco-
nomic risks of unregulated foreign direct invest-
ment. 
(F) The vulnerability of semi-autonomous 
regions, such as tribal lands, to Chinese foreign 
direct investment, including the influence of 
legal controls and political or economic manipu-
lation with respect to such vulnerability. 
(G) The implications of China’s Arctic de-
velopment and participation model with respect 
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to forecasting China’s military, economy, terri-
torial, and political activities. 
(6) Policy and legislative recommendations to 
enhance the position of the United States in affairs 
of the Arctic region, including— 
(A) recommendations for how the United 
States would best interact with nongovern-
mental organizations such as the World Bank, 
Arctic Council, United Nations General Assem-
bly, and International Maritime Organization; 
(B) recommendation to pursue or not pur-
sue the formation of an Arctic Development 
Bank and, if pursued, how to organize, fund, 
and operate the bank; 
(C) measures the United States can take 
to promote regional governance and eliminate 
the soft-power influence from Chinese foreign 
direct investment, in particular, steps where the 
United States and Russia should cooperate; and 
(D) the possibility of negotiating a regional 
arrangement to regulate foreign direct invest-
ment in countries of the Arctic region. 
(d) REPORT TO DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.—Not 
later than 720 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the federally-funded research and development 
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center with respect to which the Secretary of Defense has 
entered into a contract under subsection (b) shall submit 
to the Secretary a report containing the study under sub-
sections (b) and (c). 
(e) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 750 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees the report under subsection (d), without 
change. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1250K. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON NORTH KOREA. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) diplomacy is essential to address the illegal 
nuclear program of North Korea; 
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(2) every effort should be made to avoid a mili-
tary confrontation with North Korea, as it would 
pose extreme risks to— 
(A) United States military personnel; 
(B) 
noncombatants, 
including 
United 
States citizens and citizens of United States al-
lies; and 
(C) regional security; 
(3) the United States should pursue a sustained 
and credible diplomatic process to achieve the 
denuclearization of North Korea and an end to the 
69-year-long Korean War; and 
(4) until such time as North Korea no longer 
poses a threat to the United States or United States 
allies, the United States should, in concert with such 
allies, continue to deter North Korea through cred-
ible defense and deterrence posture. 
Subtitle F—Matters Relating to 
Europe and NATO 
SEC. 1251. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF NATO SPE-
CIAL OPERATIONS HEADQUARTERS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—Subsection (a) of section 1244 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 2541) is amended 
by striking ‘‘2020’’ and inserting ‘‘2023’’. 
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(b) REPEAL OF CERTIFICATION; LIMITATION.—Such 
section is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (c); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION.—Of the amounts made available 
under subsection (a) for fiscal year 2020, not more than 
90 percent of such amounts may be obligated or expended 
until the Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assist-
ant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low 
Intensity Conflict, submits to the congressional defense 
committees a report on the rearrangement of responsibil-
ities for overseeing and supporting NSHQ from U.S. Spe-
cial Operations Command to U.S. European Command in 
2019, including— 
‘‘(1) a justification and description of the im-
pact of such rearrangement; and 
‘‘(2) a description of how such rearrangement 
will strengthen the role of the NSHQ in fostering 
special operations capabilities within NATO.’’. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT.—Such section, as so amended, 
is further amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1 of 
each year until 2024, the Secretary of Defense shall sub-
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mit to the congressional defense committees and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
a report regarding support for the NSHQ. Each report 
shall include the following: 
‘‘(1) The total amount of funding provided by 
the United States and other NATO nations to the 
NSHQ for operating costs of the NSHQ. 
‘‘(2) A description of the activities carried out 
with such funding, including— 
‘‘(A) the amount of funding allocated for 
each such activity; 
‘‘(B) the extent to which other NATO na-
tions participate in each such activity; 
‘‘(C) the extent to which each such activity 
is carried out in coordination or cooperation 
with the Joint Special Operations University; 
‘‘(D) the extent to which each such activity 
is carried out in relation to other security co-
operation activities, exercises, or operations of 
the Department of Defense; 
‘‘(E) the extent to which each such activity 
is designed to meet the purposes set forth in 
paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (b); 
and 
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‘‘(F) an assessment of the extent to which 
each such activity will promote the mission of 
the NSHQ. 
‘‘(3) Other contributions, financial or in kind, 
provided by the United States and other NATO na-
tions in support of the NSHQ. 
‘‘(4) Any other matters that the Secretary of 
Defense considers appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 1252. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF FUTURE 
YEARS PLAN AND PLANNING TRANSPARENCY 
FOR THE EUROPEAN DETERRENCE INITIA-
TIVE. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Section 1273(a) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 
(Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1696) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘the date of 
the enactment of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘the date 
of the enactment of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2020, and annually there-
after’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2) to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) APPLICABILITY.—The initial plan shall 
apply with respect to fiscal year 2021 and at least 
the four succeeding fiscal years and each subsequent 
plan shall apply with respect to the next subsequent 
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fiscal year and at least the four succeeding fiscal 
years.’’. 
(b) BUDGET
DISPLAY
INFORMATION.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall include in the materials submitted 
to Congress by the Secretary in support of the budget of 
the President for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year 
thereafter (as submitted under section 1105 of title 31, 
United States Code), a detailed budget display for the Eu-
ropean Deterrence Initiative that includes the following in-
formation (regardless of whether the funding line is for 
overseas contingency operations): 
(1) With respect to procurement accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, line number, line item, and line item 
title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative. 
(2) With respect to research, development, test, 
and evaluation accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, line number, program element, and 
program element title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative. 
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(3) With respect to operation and maintenance 
accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account title, 
budget activity title, line number, and sub-
activity group title; and 
(B) a description of how such amounts will 
specifically be used. 
(4) With respect to military personnel ac-
counts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, budget subactivity, and budget sub-
activity title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative. 
(5) With respect to each project under military 
construction accounts (including with respect to un-
specified minor military construction and amounts 
for planning and design), the country, location, 
project title, and project amount by fiscal year. 
SEC. 1253. PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN DETERRENCE INI-
TIATIVE 
FUNDS 
FROM 
DIVERSION 
FOR 
OTHER PURPOSES. 
(a) REPORT ON OBLIGATION OF FUNDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days after 
any 
obligation 
of 
funds 
in 
an 
amount 
of 
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$10,000,000 or more for the European Deterrence 
Initiative for fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year 
thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report on 
that obligation of such funds for that fiscal year. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Each report 
under paragraph (1) shall specify— 
(A) the activities and forms of assistance 
for which the Secretary obligated such funds; 
and 
(B) the amount of the obligation. 
(b) END OF FISCAL YEAR REPORT.—Not later than 
November 30, 2020, and annually thereafter, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that contains— 
(1) a detailed summary of funds obligated for 
the European Deterrence Initiative for the preceding 
fiscal year; and 
(2) a detailed comparison of funds obligated for 
the European Deterrence Initiative for the preceding 
fiscal year to amounts requested for the Initiative 
for that fiscal year in the materials submitted to 
Congress by the Secretary in support of the budget 
of the President for that fiscal year as required by 
section 1252(b), including with respect to each of 
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the accounts described in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), 
(4), and (5) of section 1252(b) and the information 
required under each such paragraph. 
SEC. 1254. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON UNITED STATES 
MILITARY INVESTMENT IN EUROPE. 
It is the policy of the United States to develop, imple-
ment, and sustain a credible deterrent against aggression 
and long-term strategic competition by the Government of 
Russia in order to enhance regional and global security 
and stability, including by the following: 
(1) Increased United States presence in Eu-
rope, including additional permanently stationed 
forces, continued rotational deployments, increased 
pre-positioned military equipment, and sufficient and 
necessary infrastructure additions and improvements 
throughout Europe. 
(2) Planning regarding the United States mili-
tary footprint in Europe to recognize the essential 
role played by United States allies and partners in 
establishing deterrence and advancing regional and 
global security and stability. 
(3) Commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization (NATO) and its founding values and 
commitments by NATO allies to the common de-
fense, including NATO goals regarding defense in-
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vestments, and to NATO’s founding principles of de-
mocracy, individual liberty, and the rule of law. 
(4) Planning to ensure the United States mili-
tary footprint in Europe is holistic and geographi-
cally appropriate for a comprehensive response to 
the challenges posed by the Government of Russia 
across numerous European fronts. 
(5) Commitment to United States Government 
investment and prioritization of efforts in Europe, 
particularly through efforts led by the Department 
of State, to counter the Government of Russia’s 
global campaign to interfere in and undermine 
democratic systems of government, elections, values, 
and institutions, and disrupt United States alliances 
and partnerships, through indirect action (such as 
information operations intended to influence), in-
cluding robust information sharing and cooperation 
with partners and allies to counter influence cam-
paigns and sufficient cyber, counter-messaging, and 
intelligence resources. 
(6) Planning to take into account the impor-
tance of strategic stability, arms control, and stra-
tegic dialogue as they contribute to United States 
national security, collective defense, and regional 
and global security. 
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(7) Encouraging increased communication by 
NATO officials, to raise awareness of the Alliance’s 
mission, efforts, and concerns achieved by actively 
engaging with Congress and the executive branch. 
SEC. 1255. LIMITATION ON TRANSFER OF F–35 AIRCRAFT 
TO TURKEY. 
(a) LIMITATION.—Except as provided in subsection 
(b), no funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise 
made available to the Department of Defense for fiscal 
year 2020 may be obligated or expended— 
(1) to transfer, facilitate the transfer, or au-
thorize the transfer of, any F–35 aircraft or related 
support equipment or parts to Turkey; 
(2) to transfer intellectual property, technical 
data, or material support necessary for or related to 
any maintenance or support of the F–35 aircraft 
necessary to establish Turkey’s indigenous F–35 ca-
pability; or 
(3) to construct a storage facility for, or other-
wise facilitate the storage in Turkey of, any F–35 
aircraft transferred to Turkey. 
(b) EXCEPTION.—The Secretary of Defense, jointly 
with the Secretary of State, may waive the limitation 
under subsection (a) only if such Secretaries submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a written certifi-
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cation that contains a determination of such Secretaries, 
and any relevant documentation that forms the basis for 
the determination, that— 
(1) the Government of Turkey has provided 
credible assurances that Turkey will not accept de-
livery of the S–400 air and missile defense system 
from Russia; or 
(2) if the Government of Turkey has previously 
accepted delivery of the S–400 air and missile de-
fense system from the Russia, the Government of 
Turkey— 
(A) no longer possesses the S–400 air and 
missile defense system or any other equipment, 
materials, or personnel associated with such 
system; and 
(B) has provided credible assurances that 
it will not in the future accept delivery of the 
S–400 air and missile defense system. 
(c) APPLICABILITY.—The limitation under subsection 
(a) does not apply with respect to F–35 aircraft operated 
by the United States Armed Forces. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
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(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(2) TRANSFER.—The term ‘‘transfer’’ includes, 
with respect to an F–35 aircraft, the physical reloca-
tion of the F–35 aircraft outside of the United 
States. 
SEC. 1256. REPORT ON VALUE OF INVESTMENTS IN DUAL 
USE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS BY NATO 
MEMBER STATES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than June 1, 2020, the 
Secretary of Defense, jointly with the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the value of investments in dual use infrastruc-
ture projects by the member states of the North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization (NATO) in order to improve military 
mobility and interoperability across Europe. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall include the following: 
(1) The value to collective deterrence provided 
by investments in dual use infrastructure projects by 
the member states of NATO in order to meet the 
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military mobility goals set out at the 2018 NATO 
Summit in Brussels. 
(2) An assessment of proposed dual use infra-
structure projects for NATO. 
(3) A assessment of proposed of dual use infra-
structure projects with respect to which the United 
States can provide support, including a rec-
ommended prioritization of such projects. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(2) DUAL USE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS.— 
The term ‘‘dual use infrastructure projects’’ means 
those projects identified by the European Commis-
sion Action Plan on Military Mobility as necessary 
to improve the trans-European transport network 
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(TEN-T) to meet the military requirements for mili-
tary mobility within and beyond the European 
Union. 
SEC. 1257. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR POLAND. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) Poland has been a valued member of the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) since 
1999 and an important ally of the United States, 
contributing to the collective defense of NATO allies 
and deterrence in Europe. 
(2) Poland has made significant contributions 
of forces to United States and NATO-led military 
operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, Kosovo, and coun-
tering the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. 
(3) Poland contributed at least 2 percent of its 
gross domestic product to defense spending in 2018, 
meeting its commitment under the Wales Declara-
tion. 
(4) Poland currently hosts on a rotational basis 
United States forces from the Armored Combat Bri-
gade Team, a Combat Aviation Brigade, a NATO 
enhanced Forward Presence Battalion, and a U.S. 
Aegis Ashore missile defense site. 
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(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States reaffirms its support for 
the principle of collective defense in Article 5 of the 
North Atlantic Treaty for its NATO allies, including 
Poland; 
(2) the United States appreciates the important 
role that Poland plays in NATO efforts to sustain 
credible deterrence in Europe; 
(3) the United States supports continued de-
fense cooperation and continued exploration of op-
portunities for joint military cooperation, infrastruc-
ture enhancement, and defense investment with Po-
land; and 
(4) the current and planned projects in Poland 
funded by the European Deterrence Initiative should 
be fully implemented in order to support existing 
and future United States military activity. 
SEC. 1258. EUROPEAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR COUN-
TERING HYBRID THREATS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Of the amounts authorized to be 
appropriated by this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
provide $2,000,000 for the European Center of Excellence 
for Countering Hybrid Threats (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘Center’’) to— 
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(1) enhance the ability of military forces and ci-
vilian personnel of countries participating in the 
Center to engage in joint hybrid warfare exercises or 
coalition or international military operations; and 
(2) improve interoperability between the armed 
forces and the military forces of friendly foreign 
countries in the area of hybrid warfare. 
(b) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall— 
(1) certify to the Committee on Armed Services 
of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services 
of the House of Representatives that the Secretary 
of Defense has assigned executive agent responsibil-
ities for the Center to an appropriate organization 
within the Department of Defense; and 
(2) detail the steps being undertaken to 
strengthen the role of the Center in fostering hybrid 
warfare defense capabilities and coordination within 
NATO and the European Union. 
(c) FUNDING.— 
(1) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts 
set forth in the funding tables in division D, the 
amount authorized to be appropriated in section 301 
for operation and maintenance, Defense-wide, as 
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specified in the corresponding funding table in sec-
tion 4301, for Office of the Secretary of Defense, is 
hereby increased by $2,000,000. 
(2) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount 
authorized to be appropriated in section 201 for re-
search, development, test, and evaluation, as speci-
fied in the corresponding funding table in section 
4201, for Advanced Innovative Technology, is hereby 
reduced by $2,000,000. 
SEC. 1259. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EUROPEAN INVEST-
MENTS IN NATIONAL SECURITY. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO) is central to United States-European de-
fense matters; and 
(2) military cooperation and coordination in 
Europe among NATO member countries should 
complement NATO efforts and not detract from 
NATO military system interoperability and burden 
sharing among NATO allies. 
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SEC. 1260. BRIEFING ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PRO-
GRAM TO PROTECT UNITED STATES STU-
DENTS AGAINST FOREIGN AGENTS. 
Not later than 240 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
a briefing to the congressional defense committees on the 
program described in section 1277 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 
115–91), including an assessment on whether the program 
is beneficial to students interning, working part time, or 
in a program that will result in employment post-gradua-
tion with Department of Defense components and contrac-
tors. 
SEC. 1260A. NATO SUPPORT ACT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that: 
(1) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO), which came into being through the North 
Atlantic Treaty, which entered into force on April 4, 
1949, between the United States of America and the 
other founding members of the North Atlantic Trea-
ty Organization, has served as a pillar of inter-
national peace and stability, a critical component of 
United States security, and a deterrent against ad-
versaries and external threats. 
(2) The House of Representatives affirmed in 
H. Res. 397, on June 27, 2017, that— 
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(A) NATO is one of the most successful 
military alliances in history, deterring the out-
break of another world war, protecting the ter-
ritorial integrity of its members, and seeing the 
Cold War through to a peaceful conclusion; 
(B) NATO remains the foundation of 
United States foreign policy to promote a Eu-
rope that is whole, free, and at peace; 
(C) the United States is solemnly com-
mitted to the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion’s principle of collective defense as enumer-
ated in Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty; 
and 
(D) the House of Representatives— 
(i) strongly supports the decision at 
the NATO Wales Summit in 2014 that 
each alliance member would aim to spend 
at least 2 percent of its nation’s gross do-
mestic product on defense by 2024; 
(ii) condemns any threat to the sov-
ereignty, territorial integrity, freedom and 
democracy of any NATO ally; and 
(iii) welcomes the Republic of Monte-
negro as the 29th member of the NATO 
Alliance. 
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(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States— 
(1) to remain a member in good standing of 
NATO; 
(2) to reject any efforts to withdraw the United 
States from NATO, or to indirectly withdraw from 
NATO by condemning or reducing contributions to 
NATO structures, activities, or operations, in a 
manner that creates a de facto withdrawal; 
(3) to continue to work with NATO members to 
meet their 2014 Wales Defense Investment Pledge 
commitments; and 
(4) to support robust United States funding for 
the European Deterrence Initiative, which increases 
the ability of the United States and its allies to 
deter and defend against Russian aggression. 
(c) PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF FUNDS TO WITH-
DRAW FROM NATO.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, no funds are authorized to be appropriated, 
obligated, or expended to take any action to withdraw the 
United States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at 
Washington, DC on April 4, 1949, between the United 
States of America and the other founding members of the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 
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SEC. 1260B. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF SECURITY 
ASSISTANCE FOR BALTIC COUNTRIES FOR 
JOINT PROGRAM FOR INTEROPERABILITY 
AND DETERRENCE AGAINST AGGRESSION. 
(a) ADDITIONAL MAJOR DEFENSE ARTICLES AND 
SERVICES.—Subsection (c) of section 1279D of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (22 
U.S.C. 2753 note) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
inserting ‘‘major’’ before ‘‘defense articles and serv-
ices’’; 
(2) in paragraph (5), by inserting ‘‘major’’ be-
fore ‘‘defense articles and services’’; 
(3) by redesignating paragraph (5), as so 
amended, as paragraph (6); and 
(4) by inserting after paragraph (4) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(5) Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnais-
sance equipment.’’. 
(b) FUNDING.—Subsection (f) of such section 1279D 
is amended— 
(1) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$100,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$125,000,000’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
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‘‘(3) MATCHING AMOUNT.—The amount of as-
sistance provided under subsection (a) for procure-
ment described in subsection (b) may not exceed the 
aggregate amount contributed to such procurement 
by the Baltic nations.’’. 
(c) EXTENSION.—Subsection (g) of such section 
1279D is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2021’’. 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (b) of 
such section 1279D is amended by inserting ‘‘major’’ be-
fore ‘‘defense articles and services’’ each place it appears. 
(e) REPORT ON USE OF FUNDING AUTHORITY.—Not 
later than January 1, 2021, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
that includes the following: 
(1) Whether the authority to provide assistance 
pursuant to section 1279D was used in the previous 
calendar year. 
(2) A description of the manner in which funds 
made available for assistance through such author-
ity, if any, were used during such year. 
(3) Whether alternative sources of funding exist 
to provide the assistance described in section 1279D. 
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(4) Whether any alternative authorities exist 
under which the Secretary can provide such assist-
ance. 
Subtitle G—Other Matters 
SEC. 1261. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES PART-
NERS AND ALLIES. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) United States partners and allies are crit-
ical to achieving United States national security in-
terests and defense objectives around the world; 
(2) strong military-to-military relationships with 
partners and allies have helped to solidify and un-
dergird the post-World War II international order 
and enhanced the United States’ security through 
common defense; and 
(3) the United States should pursue a long- 
term policy to strengthen existing military-to-mili-
tary relationships and cooperation with partners and 
allies to achieve mutual objectives, and build new re-
lationships based on common values and shared in-
terests. 
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SEC. 1262. MODIFICATION TO REPORT ON LEGAL AND POL-
ICY FRAMEWORKS FOR THE USE OF MILI-
TARY FORCE. 
Section 1264 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 
1689) is amended— 
(1) in the heading for subsection (a), by strik-
ing ‘‘INITIAL’’ and inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act’’ and in-
serting ‘‘March 1 of each year’’; 
(3) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ‘‘during the 
period’’ and all that follows to the end and inserting 
‘‘from the preceding year, including— 
‘‘(A) a list of all foreign forces, irregular 
forces, groups, or individuals for which a deter-
mination has been made that force could legally 
be used under the Authorization for Use of 
Military Force (Public Law 107–40), includ-
ing— 
‘‘(i) the legal and factual basis for 
such determination; and 
‘‘(ii) a description of whether force 
has been used against each such foreign 
force, irregular force, group, or individual; 
and 
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‘‘(B) the criteria and any changes to the 
criteria for designating a foreign force, irreg-
ular force, group, or individual as lawfully tar-
getable, as a high value target, and as formally 
or functionally a member of a group covered 
under the Authorization for Use of Military 
Force.’’; and 
(4) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the 
following: ‘‘The unclassified portion of each report 
shall, at a minimum, include each change made to 
the legal and policy frameworks during the pre-
ceding year and the legal, factual, and policy jus-
tifications for such changes, and shall be made avail-
able to the public at the same time it is submitted 
to the appropriate congressional committees.’’. 
SEC. 1263. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF CERTAIN 
FUNDS UNTIL REPORT SUBMITTED ON DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE AWARDS AND DIS-
CIPLINARY ACTION AS A RESULT OF THE 2017 
INCIDENT IN NIGER. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this 
Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2020 for 
Operation and Maintenance, Defense-Wide, Office of the 
Secretary of Defense, for Travel of Persons, not more than 
80 percent of such funds may be obligated or expended 
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until the date on which the Secretary of Defense submits 
to the congressional defense committees a report that con-
tains a description of each award and disciplinary action 
issued, by rank, as a result of the AR 15–6 investigation 
findings relating to the incident in Niger in 2017. The 
report shall be submitted in a format that protects person-
ally identifiable information and is consistent with na-
tional security. 
SEC. 1264. INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT OF SUFFICIENCY 
OF 
RESOURCES 
AVAILABLE 
TO 
UNITED 
STATES SOUTHERN COMMAND AND UNITED 
STATES AFRICA COMMAND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
seek to enter into a contract with a not-for-profit entity 
or federally funded research and development center inde-
pendent of the Department of Defense to conduct an as-
sessment of the sufficiency of resources available to United 
States Southern Command and United States Africa Com-
mand to carry out their respective missions. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The assessment 
described in subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) an assessment of the sufficiency of the re-
sources available to United States Southern Com-
mand and United States Africa Command, including 
personnel, human resources, and financial resources, 
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in promoting United States national security inter-
ests; 
(2) an assessment of the level of regional exper-
tise and experience of the leadership of each such 
combatant command and their subordinate organiza-
tions, service components, and task forces, to include 
personnel from agencies other than the Department 
of Defense; 
(3) a description of the strategic objectives and 
end states in the geographic region for which each 
such combatant command has responsibility and a 
comparison of the importance and priority of the re-
sources available to each such combatant command 
to perform its mission; and 
(4) an assessment of the ability of each such 
combatant command to carry out such strategic ob-
jectives and end states, including an assessment of 
resources available, forces available, and other inter-
agency resources available to the combatant com-
mand. 
(c) ACCESS
TO INFORMATION.—The not-for-profit 
entity or federally funded research and development center 
with which the Secretary enters into the contract under 
subsection (a) shall have full and direct access to all infor-
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mation related to resources available to United States 
Southern Command and United States Africa Command. 
(d) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 240 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the not- 
for-profit entity or federally funded research and de-
velopment center with which the Secretary of De-
fense enters into the contract under subsection (a) 
shall submit to the Secretary of Defense, the Sec-
retary of State, and the Administrator of the United 
States Agency for International Development a re-
port that contains the assessment required by sub-
section (a). 
(2) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 
1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees— 
(A) a copy of such report without change; 
and 
(B) any comments, changes, recommenda-
tions, or other information of the Secretary of 
Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Ad-
ministrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development relating to the as-
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sessment required by subsection (a) and con-
tained in such report. 
(e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1265. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION RELATING TO USE OF 
MILITARY FORCE. 
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this 
Act may be construed to authorize the use of military 
force. 
SEC. 1266. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION RELATING TO USE OF 
MILITARY FORCE AGAINST VENEZUELA. 
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this 
Act may be construed to authorize the use of military force 
against Venezuela. 
SEC. 1267. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ACQUISITION BY TUR-
KEY OF PATRIOT SYSTEM. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Government of Turkey has indicated in 
a communication to Congress that there remains an 
opportunity to meet Turkey’s requirement for an air 
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and missile defense capability through the acquisi-
tion of the Patriot system from the United States. 
(2) The acquisition of the Patriot system could 
remove the need to acquire the S–400 air and mis-
sile defense system from Russia, which is incompat-
ible with the integrated air and missile defense sys-
tem of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO) and should preclude Turkey’s participation 
in the F–35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) consortium 
program with the United States. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) supports the efforts of the United States 
Government to achieve a satisfactory arrangement 
with Turkey by which Turkey acquires the Patriot 
system to defend its airspace, which would preserve 
Turkey as a production partner in the F–35 JSF 
consortium program; 
(2) encourages the Department of Defense to 
secure the deployment of a Patriot system to Tur-
key, under United States or NATO operational con-
trol, for the purpose of providing Turkey with an in-
terim capability to address urgent vulnerabilities in 
Turkey’s air and missile defense during the period 
in which an agreement is reached for Turkey’s ac-
quisition of the Patriot system; and 
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(3) notes that any such deployment of the Pa-
triot or a NATO interoperable system in the interim 
is contingent on Turkey’s commitment to cancel the 
S–400 air and missile defense system acquisition. 
SEC. 1268. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO CIVILIAN CAS-
UALTY MATTERS. 
(a) MODIFICATION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR POLICY 
ON CIVILIAN CASUALTY MATTERS.—Section 936 of the 
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 10 U.S.C. 134 
note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘appropriate to the 
specific 
regional 
circumstances’’ 
after 
‘‘publicly available means’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘or in-person’’ after 
‘‘Internet-based’’; 
(B) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘, including for acknowledging the status 
of any individuals killed or injured who 
were initially reported as lawful targets, 
but subsequently determined not to be law-
ful targets’’ after ‘‘operations’’; and 
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(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘or other assist-
ance’’ after ‘‘payments’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘necessary’’ and 
inserting ‘‘reasonable and culturally 
appropriate’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(D) by redesignating paragraph (8) as 
paragraph (10); and 
(E) by inserting after paragraph (7) the 
following: 
‘‘(8) uniform processes and standards across 
the combatant commands for integrating civilian 
protection into operational planning, including as-
sessments of the optimal staffing models for track-
ing, analyzing, and responding to civilian casualties 
in named military operations of various sizes and 
compositions, to include multinational coalition oper-
ations; 
‘‘(9) cultivating, developing, retaining, and dis-
seminating lessons learned about the proximate 
cause or causes of civilian casualties, and practices 
developed to prevent, mitigate, or respond to such 
casualties; and’’; 
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(2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (d); 
(3) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The senior civilian official 
designated under subsection (a) shall develop and 
implement steps to increase coordination with the 
Chiefs of Mission and other appropriate positions in 
the Department of State in any country with respect 
to which the policy required pursuant to subsection 
(a) is relevant. 
‘‘(2) MATTERS FOR COORDINATION.—The co-
ordination required by paragraph (1) shall include 
the following: 
‘‘(A) The development of publicly available 
means, appropriate to the specific regional cir-
cumstances, including an internet-based or in- 
person mechanism, for submission to the 
United States Government of allegations of ci-
vilian casualties resulting from United States 
military operations. 
‘‘(B) The offering of reasonable and cul-
turally appropriate ex gratia payments or other 
assistance to civilians who have been injured, or 
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to the families of civilians killed, as a result of 
United States military operations.’’; 
(4) by inserting after subsection (d), as redesig-
nated, the following: 
‘‘(e) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this subsection, the senior civilian 
official designated under subsection (a) shall brief the con-
gressional defense committees and the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives on— 
‘‘(1) the updates made to the policy developed 
by the senior civilian official pursuant to this sec-
tion; and 
‘‘(2) the efforts of the Department to imple-
ment such updates.’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL REPORT ON CIVILIAN 
CASUALTIES
IN CONNECTION WITH UNITED STATES 
MILITARY OPERATIONS.—Section 1057 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public 
Law 115–91) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘congressional 
defense committees’’ and inserting ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
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(A) in paragraph (3), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting the following: 
‘‘and, when relevant, makes ex gratia payments 
or provides other assistance to the victims or 
their families, including— 
‘‘(A) whether interviews were conducted 
with witnesses and survivors of United States 
lethal actions, directly or through a third party 
or intermediary; 
‘‘(B) whether the investigation relied on 
public 
reports 
or 
other 
nongovernmental 
sources; and 
‘‘(C) the process, criteria, and methodology 
used to assess external allegations of civilian 
casualties, including the sources of such allega-
tions.’’; 
(B) in paragraph (4), by adding at the end 
before the period the following: ‘‘, including any 
assistance and support, as appropriate, pro-
vided for civilians displaced by such oper-
ations’’; 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (6) as 
paragraph (9); and 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (5) the 
following: 
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‘‘(6) A list of allegations where the Department 
could confirm United States military activity but 
could not confirm civilian casualties due to lack of 
evidence, and any steps taken to further corroborate 
the allegations. 
‘‘(7) A list?of allegations that the Department 
could not fully assess in a Civilian Casualty Assess-
ment Review (CCAR) due to lack of information and 
any steps taken to obtain additional information 
needed to conduct a CCAR. 
‘‘(8) A description of the specific criteria the 
Department employed during the CCAR to deter-
mine that a civilian casualty is more likely than not 
to have occurred.’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’ means— 
‘‘(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
‘‘(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives.’’. 
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SEC. 1269. LIMITATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF NUCLEAR 
PROLIFERATION ASSESSMENT STATEMENTS. 
(a) LIMITATION.—The Secretary of State may not 
provide to the President, and the President may not sub-
mit to Congress, a Nuclear Proliferation Assessment 
Statement described in subsection a. of section 123 of the 
Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2153) with respect 
to a proposed cooperation agreement with any country 
that has not signed and implemented an Additional Pro-
tocol with the International Atomic Energy Agency, other 
than a country with which, as of June 19, 2019, there 
is in effect a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement pursu-
ant to such section 123. 
(b) WAIVER.—The limitation under subsection (a) 
shall be waived with respect to a particular country if— 
(1) the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a request to enter into a 
proposed cooperation agreement with such country 
that includes a report describing the manner in 
which such agreement would advance the national 
security and defense interests of the United States 
and not contribute to the proliferation of nuclear 
weapons; and 
(2) there is enacted a joint resolution approving 
the waiver of such limitation with respect to such 
agreement. 
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(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(3) the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1270. RESTRICTION ON EMERGENCY AUTHORITY RE-
LATING TO ARMS SALES UNDER THE ARMS 
EXPORT CONTROL ACT. 
Section 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2776) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(j) RESTRICTION ON EMERGENCY AUTHORITY RE-
LATING TO ARMS SALES UNDER THIS ACT.—A deter-
mination of the President that an emergency exists which 
requires a proposed transfer of defense articles or defense 
services to be in the national security interest of the 
United States, thus waiving the congressional review re-
quirements pursuant to section 3(d)(2) or subsection 
(b)(1), (c)(2), or (d)(2) of this section— 
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‘‘(1) shall apply only if— 
‘‘(A) the President— 
‘‘(i) consults with the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Represent-
atives and the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate regarding the deter-
mination that an emergency exists not 
later than three days after the date on 
which the President issues the determina-
tion; and 
‘‘(ii) includes in the certification to be 
submitted to Congress with respect to the 
emergency— 
‘‘(I) a determination and jus-
tification for each individual letter of 
offer, license, or approval for the de-
fense articles or defense services; and 
‘‘(II) a specific and detailed de-
scription of how such waiver of the 
congressional review requirements di-
rectly responds to or addresses the 
circumstances of the emergency; 
‘‘(B) the delivery of the defense articles or 
defense services will take place not later than 
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90 days after the date on which the President 
issues the determination; and 
‘‘(C) the President submits the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate a report on the defense articles 
or defense services that were delivered, includ-
ing the type of defense articles or defense serv-
ices, not later than 30 days after the date of 
delivery; and 
‘‘(2) shall not apply in the case of a license or 
other authorization that includes manufacturing or 
co-production of the articles or services outside the 
United States if such manufacturing or co-produc-
tion has not been previously licensed or authorized.’’. 
SEC. 1270A. REPORT ON ANNUAL DEFENSE SPENDING BY 
ALLY AND PARTNER COUNTRIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 6 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate a report that includes a description of— 
(1) the annual defense spending of each mutual 
defense treaty ally and major non-NATO ally, in-
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cluding the nominal budget figure and the share of 
such spending as a percentage of the ally’s gross do-
mestic product, for the fiscal year immediately pre-
ceding the fiscal year in which the report is sub-
mitted; 
(2) the activities of each such ally in contrib-
uting to military or stability operations in which the 
Armed Forces participate; 
(3) any limitations that each such ally places on 
the use of the Armed Forces of such ally for such 
military or stability operations; and 
(4) any actions undertaken by the United 
States or other countries to minimize or modify such 
limitations. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain 
a classified annex. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) MUTUAL
DEFENSE
TREATY
ALLY.—The 
term ‘‘mutual defense treaty ally’’ means a country 
that is a party to a treaty of mutual defense with 
the United States. 
(2) MAJOR NON-NATO ALLY.—The term ‘‘major 
non-NATO ally’’ means a country so designated pur-
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suant to section 2350a or section 517 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961. 
SEC. 1270B. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE UNITED STATES- 
ISRAEL RELATIONSHIP. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) since 1948, Israel has been one of the 
United States’ strongest friends and allies; 
(2) Israel is a stable, democratic country in a 
region often marred by turmoil; 
(3) it is essential to the strategic interest of the 
United States to continue to offer full security as-
sistance and related support to Israel; and 
(4) such assistance and support is especially 
vital as Israel confronts a number of potential chal-
lenges at the present time, including continuing 
threats from Iran. 
SEC. 1270C. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON STABILITY OF THE 
CAUCASUS REGION AND THE CONTINUATION 
OF THE NAGORNO KARABAKH CEASE-FIRE. 
It is the sense of Congress that United States inter-
ests in the stability of the Caucasus region and the con-
tinuation of the Nagorno Karabakh cease-fire will be ad-
vanced by an agreement among regional stakeholders on— 
(1) the non-deployment of snipers, heavy arms, 
and new weaponry along the line-of-contact; 
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(2) the deployment of gun-fire locator systems 
on the line-of-contact; and 
(3) an increase in the number of Organization 
for Security and Co-operation in Europe observers 
along the line-of-contact. 
SEC. 1270D. WESTERN HEMISPHERE RESOURCE ASSESS-
MENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President, acting 
through the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, 
and the Administrator of United States Agency for Inter-
national Aid, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees an accounting of and an assessment of the suf-
ficiency of resources available to the United States South-
ern Command (SOUTHCOM), United States Northern 
Command (NORTHCOM), Department of State, and 
United States Agency for International Aid (USAID), to 
carry out their respective missions in the Western hemi-
sphere. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The assessment 
described in subsection (a) shall include each of the fol-
lowing: 
(1) An accounting and description of the funds 
available to SOUTHCOM, NORTHCOM, the De-
partment of State, and USAID. 
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(2) A list of bilateral and multilateral military 
training and exercises with allies and partner coun-
tries in the Western Hemisphere. 
(3) A description of the security force activities 
of the United States in the Western Hemisphere. 
(4) A description of the activities of the Depart-
ments of State and Defense in addressing security 
challenges in the Western Hemisphere. 
(5) Cyber domain activities of the United States 
and those actions in concert with allied and partner 
countries in the Western Hemisphere. 
(6) A description of the funding for all inter-
national military education and training programs. 
(7) An overview of all foreign military sales and 
foreign military financing programs with partner 
countries in the Western Hemisphere. 
(8) A list of investments, programs, or partner-
ships in the Western Hemisphere by China, Iran, 
Russia, or other adversarial groups or countries that 
threaten the national security of the United States. 
(9) Recommendations for actions the Depart-
ment of Defense, the Department of State, and 
USAID could take to advance United States na-
tional security interests in the Western Hemisphere. 
(c) FORM; ENTITY.— 
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(1) FORM.—The accounting and assessment re-
quired by subsection (a) shall be submitted in un-
classified form but may include a classified annex. 
(2) ENTITY.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
provide for the assessment required by subsection 
(a) to be performed by an independent, non-govern-
mental institute described in section 501(c)(3) of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and exempt from 
tax under section 501(a) of such Code, that has rec-
ognized credentials and expertise in national security 
and military affairs. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1270E. STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE EFFORTS OF THE 
NIGERIAN MILITARY TO PREVENT, MITIGATE, 
AND RESPOND TO CIVILIAN HARM. 
(a) STRATEGY.— 
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(1) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall transmit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report that contains a plan for assisting 
the Nigerian military to improve its efforts to pre-
vent, mitigate, and respond to civilian harm arising 
from its military presence and operations. 
(2) UPDATES.— Not later than one year after 
the transmission of the report required under para-
graph (1) and annually thereafter, the President 
shall provide to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees an update on progress made with respect to 
the plan contained in such report. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a)(1) shall include the following: 
(1) Any steps being taken by the United States 
Government to ensure that the Nigerian Air Force 
is able to prevent and minimize civilian harm in the 
operation of 12 A–29 Super Tucano aircraft and as-
sociated weapons acquired from the United States, 
including training planned or provided on air-to- 
ground integration measures specifically intended to 
minimize civilian harm. 
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(2) Whether the training described in para-
graph (1) is provided by United States Government 
or contract personnel. 
(3) An assessment of the effectiveness of such 
training or other assistance in preventing civilian 
casualties from ground and air operations. 
(4) An assessment of efforts by the Government 
of Nigeria to improve civilian protection, account-
ability for human rights violations, and transparency 
in the defense institutions and security sector force, 
including the status of any national protection of ci-
vilians policies, and a description of the key United 
States diplomatic and military efforts available to 
promote progress relating to such matters. 
(5) Any other matters the President considers 
appropriate. 
(c) FORM.—The report required under subsection 
(a)(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
include a classified annex. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
Appropriations of the Senate; and 
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(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1270F. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FROM THE SPE-
CIAL DEFENSE ACQUISITION FUND. 
Section 114(c) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), none of 
the funds made available from the Special Defense 
Acquisition Fund for any fiscal year may be made 
available to provide any assistance to Saudi Arabia 
or the United Arab Emirates if such assistance 
could be used by either country to conduct or con-
tinue hostilities in Yemen.’’. 
SEC. 1270G. PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF EMERGENCY AU-
THORITIES FOR THE SALE OR TRANSFER OF 
DEFENSE ARTICLES AND SERVICES TO SAUDI 
ARABIA AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available by this or any other Act may 
be made available to process a commercial sale or foreign 
military sale, or to transfer, deliver, or facilitate the trans-
fer or delivery, of any defense article or service to Saudi 
Arabia or the United Arab Emirates pursuant to any cer-
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tification of emergency circumstances submitted in accord-
ance with section 36(b) of the Arms Export Control Act 
(22 U.S.C. 2776(b)) with respect to such countries, in-
cluding any such certification submitted to Congress be-
fore the date of the enactment of this section. 
SEC. 1270H. PROHIBITION ON SUPPORT FOR MILITARY 
PARTICIPATION AGAINST THE HOUTHIS. 
(a) PROHIBITION RELATING TO SUPPORT.—None of 
the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made 
available by this Act may be made available to provide the 
following forms of United States support to Saudi-led coa-
lition’s operations against the Houthis in Yemen: 
(1) Sharing intelligence for the purpose of ena-
bling coalition strikes. 
(2) Providing logistical support for coalition 
strikes, including by providing maintenance or trans-
ferring spare parts to coalition members flying war-
planes engaged in anti-Houthi bombings. 
(b) PROHIBITION RELATING TO MILITARY PARTICI-
PATION.—None of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
or otherwise made available by this Act may be made 
available for any civilian or military personnel of the De-
partment of Defense to command, coordinate, participate 
in the movement of, or accompany the regular or irregular 
military forces of the Saudi and United Arab Emirates- 
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led coalition forces in hostilities against the Houthis in 
Yemen or in situations in which there exists an imminent 
threat that such coalition forces become engaged in such 
hostilities, unless and until the President has obtained 
specific statutory authorization, in accordance with section 
8(a) of the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1547(a)). 
(c) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION.—The prohibitions 
under this section may not be construed to apply with re-
spect to United States Armed Forces engaged in oper-
ations directed at al Qaeda or associated forces. 
SEC. 1270I. REPEAL OF PROHIBITION ON TRANSFER OF AR-
TICLES ON THE UNITED STATES MUNITIONS 
LIST TO CYPRUS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the direct sale or transfer of arms by the 
United States to Cyprus would advance United 
States security interests in Europe by helping to re-
duce the dependence of the Government of Cyprus 
on other countries for defense-related materiel, in-
cluding countries that pose challenges to United 
States interests around the world; and 
(2) it is in the interest of the United States— 
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(A) to continue to support United Nations- 
facilitated efforts toward a comprehensive solu-
tion to the division of Cyprus; and 
(B) for the Republic of Cyprus to join 
NATO’s Partnership for Peace program. 
(b) 
MODIFICATION
OF
PROHIBITION.—Section 
620C(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2373(e)) is amended by adding at the end of the following 
new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) The requirement under paragraph (1) 
shall not apply to any sale or other provision of any 
defense article or defense service to Cyprus if the 
end-user of such defense or defense service is Cy-
prus.’’. 
(c) EXCLUSION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RE-
PUBLIC OF CYPRUS FROM CERTAIN RELATED REGULA-
TIONS.—Beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall not apply a policy of de-
nial for exports, re-exports, or transfers of defense articles 
and defense services destined for or originating in the Re-
public of Cyprus if— 
(1) the request is made by or on behalf of Cy-
prus; and 
(2) the end-user of such defense articles or de-
fense services is Cyprus. 
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(d) EXCEPTION.—This exclusion shall not apply to 
any denial based upon credible human rights concerns. 
(e) LIMITATIONS ON THE TRANSFER OF ARTICLES 
ON THE UNITED STATES MUNITIONS LIST TO THE RE-
PUBLIC OF CYPRUS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The policy of denial for ex-
ports, re-exports, or transfers of defense articles on 
the United States Munitions List to the Republic of 
Cyprus shall remain in place unless the President 
determines and certifies to the appropriate congres-
sional committees not less than annually that— 
(A) the Government of the Republic of Cy-
prus is continuing to cooperate with the United 
States Government in efforts to implement re-
forms on anti-money laundering regulations and 
financial regulatory oversight; and 
(B) the Government of the Republic of Cy-
prus has made and is continuing to take the 
steps necessary to deny Russian military vessels 
access to ports for refueling and servicing. 
(2) WAIVER.—The President may waive the 
limitations contained in this subsection for one fiscal 
year if the President determines that it is essential 
to the national security interests of the United 
States to do so. 
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