214
ard under subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2)
and with section 18 of the Federal Insec-
ticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act.
‘‘(m) FEES.—
‘‘(1) 
AMOUNT.—The 
Administrator
shall by regulation require the payment
of such fees as will in the aggregate, in
the judgment of the Administrator, be
sufficient over a reasonable term to pro-
vide, equip, and maintain an adequate
service for the performance of the Ad-
ministrator’s functions under this sec-
tion. Under the regulations, the perform-
ance of the Administrator’s services or
other functions under this section, in-
cluding—
‘‘(A) the acceptance for filing of a
petition submitted under subsection
(d);
‘‘(B) establishing, modifying, leav-
ing in effect, or revoking a tolerance
or establishing, modifying, leaving in
effect, or revoking an exemption from
the 
requirement 
for 
a 
tolerance
under this section;
215
‘‘(C) the acceptance for filing of
objections under subsection (g); or
‘‘(D) the certification and filing in
court of a transcript of the proceed-
ings and the record under subsection
(h);
may be conditioned upon the payment of
such fees. The regulations may further
provide for waiver or refund of fees in
whole or in part when in the judgment of
the Administrator such a waiver or re-
fund is equitable and not contrary to the
purposes of this subsection.
‘‘(2) DEPOSIT.—All fees collected under
paragraph (1) shall be deposited in the
Reregistration and Expedited Processing
Fund created by section 4(k) of the Fed-
eral 
Insecticide, 
Fungicide, 
and
Rodenticide Act. Such fees shall be avail-
able to the Administrator, without fiscal
year limitation, for the performance of
the Administrator’s services or functions
as specified in paragraph (1).
‘‘(n) NATIONAL
UNIFORMITY
OF
TOLER-
ANCES.—
216
‘‘(1) QUALIFYING
PESTICIDE
CHEMICAL
RESIDUE.—For 
purposes 
of 
this 
sub-
section, the term ‘qualifying pesticide
chemical 
residue’ 
means 
a 
pesticide
chemical residue resulting from the use,
in production, processing, or storage of a
food, of a pesticide chemical that is an ac-
tive ingredient and that—
‘‘(A) was first approved for such
use in a registration of a pesticide is-
sued under section 3(c)(5) of the Fed-
eral 
Insecticide, 
Fungicide,
Rodenticide Act on or after April 25,
1985, on the basis of data determined
by the Administrator to meet all ap-
plicable requirements for data pre-
scribed by regulations in effect under
that Act on April 25, 1985; or
‘‘(B) was approved for such use in
a reregistration eligibility determina-
tion issued under section 4(g) of that
Act on or after the date of enactment
of this subsection.
‘‘(2) QUALIFYING
FEDERAL
DETERMINA-
TION.—For purposes of this subsection,
217
the term ‘qualifying Federal determina-
tion’ means a tolerance or exemption
from the requirement for a tolerance for
a qualifying pesticide chemical residue
that—
‘‘(A) is issued under this section
after the date of the enactment of this
subsection and determined by the Ad-
ministrator to meet the standard
under subsection (b)(2)(A) (in the
case of a tolerance) or (c)(2) (in the
case of an exemption); or
‘‘(B)(i) pursuant to subsection (j)
is remaining in effect or is deemed to
have been issued under this section,
or is regarded under subsection (k) as
exempt from the requirement for a
tolerance; and
‘‘(ii) is determined by the Admin-
istrator to meet the standard under
subsection (b)(2)(A) (in the case of a
tolerance) or (c)(2) (in the case of an
exemption).
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—The Administrator
may make the determination described in
218
paragraph (2)(B)(ii) only by issuing a rule
in accordance with the procedure set
forth in subsection (d) or (e) and only if
the Administrator issues a proposed rule
and allows a period of not less than 30
days for comment on the proposed rule.
Any such rule shall be reviewable in ac-
cordance with subsections (g) and (h).
‘‘(4) STATE AUTHORITY.—Except as pro-
vided in paragraphs (5), (6), and (8) no
State or political subdivision may estab-
lish or enforce any regulatory limit on a
qualifying pesticide chemical residue in
or on any food if a qualifying Federal de-
termination applies to the presence of
such pesticide chemical residue in or on
such food, unless such State regulatory
limit is identical to such qualifying Fed-
eral determination. A State or political
subdivision shall be deemed to establish
or enforce a regulatory limit on a pes-
ticide chemical residue in or on a food if
it purports to prohibit or penalize the
production, 
processing, 
shipping, 
or
other handling of a food because it con-
219
tains a pesticide residue (in excess of a
prescribed limit).
‘‘(5) PETITION PROCEDURE.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Any State may
petition the Administrator for author-
ization to establish in such State a
regulatory limit on a qualifying pes-
ticide chemical residue in or on any
food that is not identical to the quali-
fying Federal determination applica-
ble to such qualifying pesticide chem-
ical residue.
‘‘(B) PETITION REQUIREMENTS.—Any
petition 
under 
subparagraph 
(A)
shall—
‘‘(i) satisfy any requirements
prescribed, by rule, by the Admin-
istrator; and
‘‘(ii) be supported by scientific
data about the pesticide chemical
residue that is the subject of the
petition or about chemically re-
lated pesticide chemical residues,
data on the consumption within
such State of food bearing the
220
pesticide chemical residue, and
data on exposure of humans with-
in such State to the pesticide
chemical residue.
‘‘(C) AUTHORIZATION.—The Admin-
istrator may, by order, grant the au-
thorization 
described 
in 
subpara-
graph (A) if the Administrator deter-
mines that the proposed State regu-
latory limit—
‘‘(i) is justified by compelling
local conditions; and
‘‘(ii) would not cause any food
to be a violation of Federal law.
‘‘(D) TREATMENT.—In lieu of any
action 
authorized 
under 
subpara-
graph (C), the Administrator may
treat a petition under this paragraph
as a petition under subsection (d) to
modify or revoke a tolerance or an
exemption. If the Administrator de-
termines to treat a petition under
this paragraph as a petition under
subsection 
(d), 
the 
Administrator
221
shall thereafter act on the petition
pursuant to subsection (d).
‘‘(E) REVIEW.—Any order of the
Administrator granting or denying
the authorization described in sub-
paragraph (A) shall be subject to re-
view in the manner described in sub-
sections (g) and (h).
‘‘(6) URGENT
PETITION
PROCEDURE.—
Any State petition to the Administrator
pursuant to paragraph (5) that dem-
onstrates that consumption of a food con-
taining such pesticide residue level dur-
ing the period of the food’s likely avail-
ability in the State will pose a significant
public health threat from acute exposure
shall be considered an urgent petition. If
an order by the Administrator to grant or
deny the requested authorization in an
urgent petition is not made within 30
days of receipt of the petition, the peti-
tioning State may establish and enforce a
temporary regulatory limit on a qualify-
ing pesticide chemical residue in or on
the food. The temporary regulatory limit
222
shall be validated or terminated by the
Administrator’s final order on the peti-
tion.
‘‘(7) RESIDUES
FROM
LAWFUL
APPLICA-
TION.—No State or political subdivision
may enforce any regulatory limit on the
level of a pesticide chemical residue that
may appear in or on any food if, at the
time of the application of the pesticide
that resulted in such residue, the sale of
such food with such residue level was
lawful under this section and under the
law of such State, unless the State dem-
onstrates that consumption of the food
containing such pesticide residue level
during the period of the food’s likely
availability in the State will pose an un-
reasonable dietary risk to the health of
persons within such State.
‘‘(8) SAVINGS.—Nothing in this Act pre-
empts the authority of any State or politi-
cal subdivision to require that a food con-
taining a pesticide chemical residue bear
or be the subject of a warning or other
statement relating to the presence of the
223
pesticide chemical residue in or on such
food.
‘‘(o) CONSUMER RIGHT TO KNOW.—Not later
than 2 years after the date of the enactment
of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996,
and annually thereafter, the Administrator
shall, in consultation with the Secretary of
Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and
Human Services, publish in a format under-
standable to a lay person, and distribute to
large retail grocers for public display (in a
manner determined by the grocer), the follow-
ing information, at a minimum:
‘‘(1) A discussion of the risks and ben-
efits of pesticide chemical residues in or
on food purchased by consumers.
‘‘(2) A listing of actions taken under
subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(2)
that may result in pesticide chemical res-
idues in or on food that present a yearly
or lifetime risk above the risk allowed
under subparagraph (A) of such sub-
section, and the food on which the pes-
ticide chemicals producing the residues
are used.
224
‘‘(3) Recommendations to consumers
for reducing dietary exposure to pes-
ticide chemical residues in a manner con-
sistent with maintaining a healthy diet,
including a list of food that may reason-
ably substitute for food listed under para-
graph (2).
Nothing in this subsection shall prevent retail
grocers from providing additional informa-
tion.
‘‘(p) ESTROGENIC SUBSTANCES SCREENING
PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) DEVELOPMENT.—Not later than 2
years after the date of enactment of this
section, the Administrator shall in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Health
and Human Services develop a screening
program, using appropriate validated
test systems and other scientifically rel-
evant information, to determine whether
certain substances may have an effect in
humans that is similar to an effect pro-
duced by a naturally occurring estrogen,
or such other endocrine effect as the Ad-
ministrator may designate.
225
‘‘(2) IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later than
3 years after the date of enactment of this
section, after obtaining public comment
and review of the screening program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) by the scientific
advisory panel established under section
25(d) of the Federal Insecticide, Fun-
gicide, 
and 
Rodenticide 
Act 
or 
the
science advisory board established by
section 8 of the Environmental Research,
Development, and Demonstration Act of
1978 (42 U.S.C. 4365), the Administrator
shall implement the program.
‘‘(3) SUBSTANCES.—In carrying out the
screening program described in para-
graph (1), the Administrator—
‘‘(A) shall provide for the testing
of all pesticide chemicals; and
‘‘(B) may provide for the testing
of any other substance that may have
an effect that is cumulative to an ef-
fect of a pesticide chemical if the Ad-
ministrator determines that a sub-
stantial population may be exposed to
such substance.
226
‘‘(4) 
EXEMPTION.—Notwithstanding
paragraph (3), the Administrator may, by
order, exempt from the requirements of
this section a biologic substance or other
substance if the Administrator deter-
mines that the substance is anticipated
not to produce any effect in humans simi-
lar to an effect produced by a naturally
occurring estrogen.
‘‘(5) COLLECTION OF INFORMATION.—
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Adminis-
trator shall issue an order to a reg-
istrant of a substance for which test-
ing is required under this subsection,
or to a person who manufactures or
imports a substance for which testing
is required under this subsection, to
conduct testing in accordance with
the screening program described in
paragraph (1), and submit informa-
tion obtained from the testing to the
Administrator, within a reasonable
time period that the Administrator
determines is sufficient for the gen-
eration of the information.
227
‘‘(B) PROCEDURES.—To the extent
practicable the Administrator shall
minimize duplicative testing of the
same substance for the same endo-
crine effect, develop, as appropriate,
procedures for fair and equitable
sharing of test costs, and develop, as
necessary, procedures for handling of
confidential business information.
‘‘(C) FAILURE
OF
REGISTRANTS
TO
SUBMIT INFORMATION.—
‘‘(i) 
SUSPENSION.—If 
a 
reg-
istrant of a substance referred to
in paragraph (3)(A) fails to com-
ply with an order under subpara-
graph (A) of this paragraph, the
Administrator shall issue a notice
of intent to suspend the sale or
distribution of the substance by
the registrant. Any suspension
proposed under this paragraph
shall become final at the end of
the 30-day period beginning on
the date that the registrant re-
ceives the notice of intent to sus-
228
pend, unless during that period a
person adversely affected by the
notice requests a hearing or the
Administrator 
determines 
that
the registrant has complied fully
with this paragraph.
‘‘(ii) HEARING.—If a person re-
quests a hearing under clause (i),
the hearing shall be conducted in
accordance with section 554 of
title 5, United States Code. The
only matter for resolution at the
hearing shall be whether the reg-
istrant has failed to comply with
an order under subparagraph (A)
of this paragraph. A decision by
the Administrator after comple-
tion of a hearing shall be consid-
ered to be a final agency action.
‘‘(iii) TERMINATION OF SUSPEN-
SIONS.—The Administrator shall
terminate a suspension under this
subparagraph issued with respect
to a registrant if the Adminis-
trator determines that the reg-
229
istrant has complied fully with
this paragraph.
‘‘(D) NONCOMPLIANCE
BY
OTHER
PERSONS.—Any person (other than a
registrant) who fails to comply with
an order under subparagraph (A)
shall be liable for the same penalties
and sanctions as are provided under
section 16 of the Toxic Substances
Control Act (15 U.S.C. 2601 and fol-
lowing) in the case of a violation re-
ferred to in that section. Such pen-
alties and sanctions shall be assessed
and imposed in the same manner as
provided in such section 16.
‘‘(6) AGENCY
ACTION.—In the case of
any substance that is found, as a result of
testing and evaluation under this section,
to have an endocrine effect on humans,
the Administrator shall, as appropriate,
take action under such statutory author-
ity as is available to the Administrator,
including consideration under other sec-
tions of this Act, as is necessary to ensure
the protection of public health.
230
‘‘(7) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later
than 4 years after the date of enactment
of this section, the Administrator shall
prepare and submit to Congress a report
containing—
‘‘(A) the findings of the Adminis-
trator resulting from the screening
program described in paragraph (1);
‘‘(B) recommendations for further
testing needed to evaluate the impact
on human health of the substances
tested under the screening program;
and
‘‘(C) recommendations for any
further actions (including any action
described in paragraph (6)) that the
Administrator determines are appro-
priate based on the findings.
‘‘(q) SCHEDULE FOR REVIEW.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator
shall review tolerances and exemptions
for pesticide chemical residues in effect
on the day before the date of the enact-
ment of the Food Quality Protection Act
231
of 1996, as expeditiously as practicable,
assuring that—
‘‘(A) 33 percent of such tolerances
and exemptions are reviewed within
3 years of the date of enactment of
such Act;
‘‘(B) 66 percent of such tolerances
and exemptions are reviewed within
6 years of the date of enactment of
such Act; and
‘‘(C) 100 percent of such toler-
ances and exemptions are reviewed
within 10 years of the date of enact-
ment of such Act.
In conducting a review of a tolerance or
exemption, the Administrator shall deter-
mine whether the tolerance or exemption
meets the requirements of subsection
(b)(2) or (c)(2) and shall, by the deadline
for the review of the tolerance or exemp-
tion, issue a regulation under subsection
(d)(4) or (e)(1) to modify or revoke the
tolerance or exemption if the tolerance or
exemption does not meet such require-
ments.
233
perimental permit for a pesticide chemical
under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act or upon the Administrator’s
own initiative, establish a temporary toler-
ance or exemption for the pesticide chemical
residue for the uses covered by the permit.
Subsections (b)(2), (d) and (c)(2), (e) shall
apply to actions taken under this subsection.
‘‘(s) SAVINGS CLAUSE.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed to amend or modify
the provisions of the Toxic Substances Con-
trol Act or the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide,
and Rodenticide Act.’’.
SEC. 406. AUTHORIZATION FOR INCREASED MONITORING.
For the fiscal years 1997 through 1999,
there is authorized to be appropriated in the
aggregate an additional $12,000,000 for in-
creased monitoring by the Secretary of
Health and Human Services of pesticide resi-
dues in imported and domestic food.
SEC. 407. ALTERNATIVE ENFORCEMENT.
Section 303(g) (21 U.S.C. 333(f)) is amend-
ed—
234
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (2),
(3), and (4) as paragraphs (3), (4), and (5),
respectively,
(2) by inserting after paragraph (1)
the following:
‘‘(2)(A) Any person who introduces into
interstate commerce or delivers for introduc-
tion into interstate commerce an article of
food that is adulterated within the meaning of
section 402(a)(2)(B) shall be subject to a civil
money penalty of not more than $50,000 in the
case of an individual and $250,000 in the case
of any other person for such introduction or
delivery, not to exceed $500,000 for all such
violations adjudicated in a single proceeding.
‘‘(B) This paragraph shall not apply to any
person who grew the article of food that is
adulterated. If the Secretary assesses a civil
penalty against any person under this para-
graph, the Secretary may not use the criminal
authorities under this section to sanction
such person for the introduction or delivery
for introduction into interstate commerce of
the article of food that is adulterated. If the
Secretary assesses a civil penalty against any
235
person under this paragraph, the Secretary
may not use the seizure authorities of section
304 or the injunction authorities of section
302 with respect to the article of food that is
adulterated.
‘‘(C) In a hearing to assess a civil penalty
under this paragraph, the presiding officer
shall have the same authority with regard to
compelling testimony or production of docu-
ments as a presiding officer has under section
408(g)(2)(B). The third sentence of paragraph
(3)(A) shall not apply to any investigation
under this paragraph.’’;
(3) in paragraph (3), as so redesig-
nated, by striking ‘‘paragraph (1)’’ each
place it occurs and inserting ‘‘paragraph
(1) or (2)’’;
(4) in paragraph (4), as so redesig-
nated, by striking ‘‘(2)(A)’’ and inserting
‘‘(3)(A)’’; and
(5) in paragraph (5), as so redesig-
nated, by striking ‘‘(3)’’ each place it oc-
curs and inserting ‘‘(4)’’.
236
TITLE V—FEES
SEC. 501. REREGISTRATION FEES.
(a) SECTION 4(i).—Section 4(i) (7 U.S.C. 136a–1(i)),
as amended by section 232(2), is amended—
(1) in paragraphs (5)(H) and (6), by striking
‘‘1997’’ and inserting ‘‘2001’’; and
(2) in paragraph (5)(C), by inserting ‘‘(i)’’ after
‘‘(C)’’ and by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(ii) in each of the fiscal years 1998, 1999,
and 2000, the Administrator is authorized to col-
lect up to an additional $2,000,000 in a manner
consistent with subsection (k)(5) and the rec-
ommendations of the Inspector General of the
Environmental Protection Agency. The total fees
that may be collected under this clause shall not
exceed $6,000,000.’’.
(b) SECTION 4(k)(1).—Section 4(k)(1) (7 U.S.C. 136a–
1(k)(1) is amended by inserting before the period the follow-
ing: ‘‘which shall be known as the Reregistration and Expe-
dited Processing Fund’’.
(c) SECTION
4(k)(2).—Section 4(k)(2) (7 136a–
1(k)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(2) SOURCE AND USE.—
‘‘(A) All moneys derived from fees collected
by the Administrator under subsection (i) shall
237
be deposited in the fund and shall be available
to the Administrator, without fiscal year limita-
tion, specifically to offset the costs of reregistra-
tion and expedited processing of the applications
specified in paragraph (3). Such moneys derived
from fees may not be expended in any fiscal year
to the extent such moneys derived from fees
would exceed money appropriated for use by the
Administrator and expended in such year for
such costs of reregistration and expedited proc-
essing of such applications. The Administrator
shall, prior to expending any such moneys de-
rived from fees—
‘‘(i) effective October 1, 1997, adopt
specific and cost accounting rules and pro-
cedures as approved by the General Ac-
counting Office and the Inspector General of
the Environmental Protection Agency to en-
sure that moneys derived from fees are allo-
cated solely to the costs of reregistration and
expedited processing of the applications
specified in paragraph (3) in the same por-
tion as appropriated funds;
‘‘(ii) prohibit the use of such moneys
derived from fees to pay for any costs other
238
than those necessary to achieve reregistra-
tion and expedited processing of the appli-
cations specified in paragraph (3); and
‘‘(iii) ensure that personnel and facil-
ity costs associated with the functions to be
carried out under this paragraph do not ex-
ceed agency averages for comparable person-
nel and facility costs.
‘‘(B) The Administrator shall also—
‘‘(i) complete the review of unreviewed
reregistration studies required to support
the reregistration eligibility decisions sched-
uled for completion in accordance with sub-
section (l)(2); and
‘‘(ii) contract for such outside assist-
ance as may be necessary for review of re-
quired studies, using a generally accepted
competitive process for the selection of ven-
dors of such assistance.’’.
(d) SECTION
4(k)(3).—Section 4(k)(3) (7 U.S.C.
136a–1(k)(3)) is amended—
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking out ‘‘for
each of the fiscal years 1992, 1993, and 1994, 1⁄7th of
the maintenance fees collected, up to 2 million each
year’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘for each of the
239
fiscal years 1997 through 2001, not more than 1⁄7 of
the maintenance fees collected in such fiscal year’’;
and
(2) by adding a new subparagraph (C) to read
as follows:
‘‘(C) The Administrator shall complete the
processing of the unprocessed expedited review
applications within 5 years from the date of en-
actment of the Food Quality Protection Act of
1996.’’.
(e) SECTION 4(k)(5).—Section 4(k)(5) (7 U.S.C. 136a–
1(k)(5)) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(5) ACCOUNTING AND PERFORMANCE.—The Ad-
ministrator shall take all steps necessary to ensure
that expenditures from fees authorized by subsection
(i)(5)(C)(ii) are used only to carry out the goals es-
tablished under subsection (l). The Reregistration and
Expedited Processing Fund shall be designated as an
Environmental Protection Agency component for pur-
poses of section 3515(c) of title 31, United States
Code. The annual audit required under section 3521
of such title of the financial statements of activities
under this Act under section 3515(b) of such title
shall include an audit of the fees collected under sub-
section (i)(5)(C) and disbursed, of the amount appro-
240
priated to match such fees, and of the Administrator’s
attainment of performance measure and goals estab-
lished under subsection (l). Such an audit shall also
include a review of the reasonableness of the overhead
allocation and adequacy of disclosures of direct and
indirect costs associated with carrying out the rereg-
istration and expedited processing of the applications
specified in paragraph (3), and the basis for and ac-
curacy of all costs paid with moneys derived from
such fees. The Inspector General shall conduct the an-
nual audit and report the findings and recommenda-
tions of such audit to the Administrator and to the
Committees on Agriculture of the House of Represent-
atives and the Senate. The cost of such audit shall be
paid for out of the fees collected under subsection
(i)(5)(C).’’.
(f) GOALS.—Subsections (l) and (m) of section 4 (7
U.S.C. 136a–1), as amended by section 237, are redesig-
nated as subsections (m) and (n) respectively and the fol-
lowing is inserted after subsection (k):
‘‘(l) PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND GOAL.—The Ad-
ministrator shall establish and publish annually in the
Federal Register performance measures and goals. Such
measures and goals shall include—
241
‘‘(1) the number of products reregistered, can-
celed, or amended, the status of reregistration, the
number and type of data requests under section
3(c)(2)(B) issued to support product reregistration by
active ingredient, the progress in reducing the number
of unreviewed, required reregistration studies, the ag-
gregate status of tolerances reassessed, and the number
of applications for registration submitted under sub-
section (k)(3) that were approved or disapproved;
‘‘(2) the future schedule for reregistrations, in-
cluding the projection for such schedules that will be
issued under subsection (g)(2) (A) and (B) in the cur-
rent fiscal year and the succeeding fiscal year; and
‘‘(3) the projected year of completion of the rereg-
istrations under this section.’’.
TITLE VI—INDIAN TRIBES
SEC. 601. AUTHORITY OF INDIAN TRIBES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 24 (7 U.S.C. 136v) is
amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting before the
comma the following: ‘‘and an Indian tribe may only
regulate the sale or use of any federally registered pes-
ticide or device within the boundaries of a Federal
Indian reservation for such tribe if at least 50 percent
242
of the lands in such reservation are owned by mem-
bers of the tribe or the tribe’’;
(2) in subsections (b) and (c), by inserting ‘‘or
Indian tribe’’ after ‘‘State’’ each time it occurs; and
(3) in the section heading, by inserting before the
period the following: ‘‘AND INDIAN TRIBES’’.
(b) ENFORCEMENT.—Section 26 (7 U.S.C. 136w–1) is
amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘and an In-
dian tribe with respect to violations which occur
within the boundaries of a Federal Indian reservation
for such tribe, but only if at least 50 percent of the
lands in such reservation are owned by members of
the tribe or the tribe’’ after ‘‘violations’’ and by in-
serting ‘‘or Indian tribe’’ after ‘‘State’’ each place it
occurs;
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting ‘‘or Indian
tribe’’ after ‘‘State’’ in the first sentence;
(3) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘or Indian
tribes’’ after ‘‘States’’; and
(4) in the section heading, by inserting ‘‘AND
INDIAN TRIBE’’ after ‘‘STATE’’.