‘‘(iii) provide information upon which 
choices can be made by the public; or 
‘‘(iv) incorporate other innovative al-
ternatives rather than agency actions that 
specify conduct or manners of compliance. 
‘‘(6) Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law— 
‘‘(A) the potential costs and benefits asso-
ciated with potential alternative rules and other 
responses considered under section 553(b)(5), 
including direct, indirect, and cumulative costs 
and benefits and estimated impacts on jobs (in-
cluding an estimate of the net gain or loss in 
domestic jobs), wages, economic growth, innova-
tion, economic competitiveness, and impacts on 
low income populations; 
‘‘(B) means to increase the cost-effective-
ness of any Federal response; and 
‘‘(C) incentives for innovation, consistency, 
predictability, lower costs of enforcement and 
compliance (to government entities, regulated 
entities, and the public), and flexibility. 
‘‘(c) ADVANCE NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING 
FOR MAJOR RULES, HIGH-IMPACT RULES, NEGATIVE-IM-
PACT ON JOBS AND WAGES RULES, AND RULES INVOLV-
ING NOVEL LEGAL OR POLICY ISSUES.—In the case of 
a rule making for a major rule, a high-impact rule, a nega-
tive-impact on jobs and wages rule, or a rule that involves 
a novel legal or policy issue arising out of statutory man-
dates, not later than 90 days before a notice of proposed 
rule making is published in the Federal Register, an agen-
cy shall publish advance notice of proposed rule making 
in the Federal Register. In publishing such advance notice, 
the agency shall— 
‘‘(1) include a written statement identifying, at 
a minimum— 
‘‘(A) the nature and significance of the 
problem the agency may address with a rule, in-
cluding data and other evidence and informa-
tion on which the agency expects to rely for the 
proposed rule; 
‘‘(B) the legal authority under which a rule 
may be proposed, including whether a rule mak-
ing is required by statute, and if so, whether by 
a specific date, or whether the agency has dis-
cretion to commence a rule making; 
‘‘(C) preliminary information available to 
the agency concerning the other considerations 
specified in subsection (b);
‘‘(D) in the case of a rule that involves a 
novel legal or policy issue arising out of statu-
tory mandates, the nature of and potential rea-
sons to adopt the novel legal or policy position 
upon which the agency may base a proposed 
rule; and 
‘‘(E) an achievable objective for the rule 
and metrics by which the agency will measure 
progress toward that objective; 
‘‘(2) solicit written data, views or argument 
from interested persons concerning the information 
and issues addressed in the advance notice; and 
‘‘(3) provide for a period of not fewer than 60 
days for interested persons to submit such written 
data, views, or argument to the agency. 
‘‘(d) NOTICES OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING; DETER-
MINATIONS OF OTHER AGENCY COURSE.—(1) Before it 
determines to propose a rule, and following completion of 
procedures under subsection (c), if applicable, the agency 
shall consult with the Administrator of the Office of Infor-
mation and Regulatory Affairs. If the agency thereafter 
determines to propose a rule, the agency shall publish a 
notice of proposed rule making, which shall include— 
‘‘(A) a statement of the time, place, and nature 
of public rule making proceedings;
‘‘(B) reference to the legal authority under 
which the rule is proposed; 
‘‘(C) the terms of the proposed rule; 
‘‘(D) a description of information known to the 
agency on the subject and issues of the proposed 
rule, including but not limited to— 
‘‘(i) a summary of information known to 
the agency concerning the considerations speci-
fied in subsection (b); 
‘‘(ii) a summary of additional information 
the agency provided to and obtained from inter-
ested persons under subsection (c); 
‘‘(iii) a summary of any preliminary risk 
assessment or regulatory impact analysis per-
formed by the agency; and 
‘‘(iv) information specifically identifying all 
data, studies, models, and other evidence or in-
formation considered or used by the agency in 
connection with its determination to propose 
the rule; 
‘‘(E)(i) a reasoned preliminary determination of 
need for the rule based on the information described 
under subparagraph (D); 
‘‘(ii) an additional statement of whether a rule 
is required by statute; and
‘‘(iii) an achievable objective for the rule and 
metrics by which the agency will measure progress 
toward that objective; 
‘‘(F) a reasoned preliminary determination that 
the benefits of the proposed rule meet the relevant 
statutory objectives and justify the costs of the pro-
posed rule (including all costs to be considered under 
subsection (b)(6)), based on the information de-
scribed under subparagraph (D); 
‘‘(G) a discussion of— 
‘‘(i) the alternatives to the proposed rule, 
and other alternative responses, considered by 
the agency under subsection (b); 
‘‘(ii) the costs and benefits of those alter-
natives (including all costs to be considered 
under subsection (b)(6)); 
‘‘(iii) whether those alternatives meet rel-
evant statutory objectives; and 
‘‘(iv) why the agency did not propose any 
of those alternatives; and 
‘‘(H)(i) a statement of whether existing rules 
have created or contributed to the problem the agen-
cy seeks to address with the proposed rule; and 
‘‘(ii) if so, whether or not the agency proposes 
to amend or rescind any such rules, and why.