816 
(D) exchanges between defense officials and 
officers of the United States and Taiwan at the 
strategic, policy, and functional levels, consistent 
with the Taiwan Travel Act (Public Law 115- 
135; 132 Stat. 341), especially for the purposes 
of— 
(i) enhancing cooperation on defense 
planning; 
(ii) improving the interoperability of 
the military forces of the United States and 
Taiwan; and 
(iii) improving the reserve force of Tai-
wan; 
(E) identifying improvements in Taiwan’s 
ability to use asymmetric military capabilities 
to enhance its defensive capabilities, as described 
in the Taiwan Relations Act; and 
(F) expanding cooperation in humanitarian 
assistance and disaster relief; and 
(6) the United States should be committed to the 
defense of a free and open society in the face of ag-
gressive efforts by the Government of the People’s Re-
public of China to curtail or influence the free exer-
cise of rights and democratic franchise. 
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SEC. 1304. SENSE OF CONGRESS AND REPORT ON UNITED 
STATES 
SECURITY 
COOPERATION 
WITH 
INDIA. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that the United States— 
(1) should build upon the 2016 designation of 
India as a Major Defense Partner of the United 
States by seeking to improve interoperability and ac-
tively looking for opportunities for joint military ex-
ercises; and 
(2) should strengthen security cooperation with 
India in the Indian Ocean by— 
(A) conducting high-end exercises and in-
creasing joint training exercises; 
(B) expanding the geographic scope of joint 
military activities between relevant United 
States commands and the Indian military in the 
Western Indian Ocean; and 
(C) expanding military training programs 
and exercises, including humanitarian assistance 
and disaster relief exercises. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than March 1, 
2023, the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, in coordi-
nation with the Commander of United States Indo-Pacific 
Command and the Director of the Defense Security Co-
operation Agency, shall submit to the congressional defense 
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committees, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives, and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate a report regarding— 
(1) opportunities for deeper defense cooperation 
with India; 
(2) the defense relationship between the Russian 
Federation and India; 
(3) the defense relationship between the People’s 
Republic of China and India; and 
(4) the defense relationship between the United 
States, Australia, Japan, and India. 
SEC. 1305. MODIFICATION TO REPORT ON RESOURCING 
UNITED STATES DEFENSE REQUIREMENTS 
FOR THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION AND REPORT 
ON 
ENHANCING 
DEFENSE 
COOPERATION 
WITH ALLIES AND PARTNERS IN THE INDO- 
PACIFIC. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1251 of the William M. 
(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283) is amended in sub-
section (d)(1)(B) by amending clause (v) to read as follows: 
‘‘(v) An assessment of security coopera-
tion authorities, activities, or resources re-
quired to achieve such objectives.’’. 
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(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander 
of United States Indo-Pacific Command shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the feasi-
bility and advisability of enhancing defense cooperation 
with allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region that in-
cludes the following: 
(1) A description of relevant cooperation between 
key allies and leading partners in the Indo-Pacific re-
gion and the United States during the preceding cal-
endar year, including mutual visits, exercises, train-
ing, and equipment opportunities. 
(2) An evaluation of the feasibility of enhancing 
cooperation between key allies and leading partners 
in the Indo-Pacific region on a range of activities, in-
cluding— 
(A) interoperability and coordination; 
(B) disaster and emergency response; 
(C) enhancing maritime domain awareness 
and maritime security; 
(D) cyber defense and communications secu-
rity; 
(E) military medical cooperation; 
(F) virtual combined exercises and training 
activities; 
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(G) advancing programs for United States 
military advisors to assist in training the active 
and reserve components of key allies and leading 
partners in the Indo-Pacific region; and 
(H) expanding the activities of the National 
Guard in the Indo-Pacific region. 
(3) Any other matters the Commander of United 
States Indo-Pacific Command considers appropriate. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate. 
SEC. 1306. REPORT ON SUPPORT AND SUSTAINMENT FOR 
CRITICAL CAPABILITIES IN THE AREA OF RE-
SPONSIBILITY OF THE UNITED STATES INDO- 
PACIFIC COMMAND NECESSARY TO MEET 
OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN CERTAIN 
CONFLICTS WITH STRATEGIC COMPETITORS. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander 
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of the United States Indo-Pacific Command, in con-
sultation with the Commander of the United States 
Transportation Command, the Director of the Defense 
Logistics Agency, and other Federal officials that the 
Commander of United States Indo-Pacific Command 
determines to be appropriate, shall submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report that de-
scribes the support and sustainment for critical capa-
bilities in the area of responsibility of the United 
States Indo-Pacific Command that are necessary to 
meet operational requirements in a conflict with a 
strategic competitor of a duration that exceeds 6 
months. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by paragraph (1) shall include the following: 
(A) An assessment of the posture and capa-
bilities of the current strategic force laydown of 
the United States Indo-Pacific Command, in-
cluding capabilities such as— 
(i) command, control, communications, 
computers, cyber, intelligence, surveillance, 
and reconnaissance (commonly referred to 
as ‘‘C5ISR’’) assets; 
(ii) surface, subsurface, land, air, and 
space disposition and capabilities; 
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(iii) strategic long-range precision 
fires, missile defense, and anti-air capabili-
ties; 
(iv) force protection of assets and crit-
ical infrastructure; 
(v) logistics and sustainment capabili-
ties, including positioning, quantity, and 
distribution of fuels; and 
(vi) munitions required to meet oper-
ational requirements. 
(B) A detailed assessment of any gaps in 
the required capabilities described in subpara-
graph (A) relative to the requirements of the 
United States Indo-Pacific Command in both 
steady state and in such a conflict with a stra-
tegic competitor, including gaps in any capabili-
ties described in the report required by section 
1251(d) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283). 
(C) An assessment of measures required to 
mitigate the gaps described in subparagraph (B) 
before December 31, 2025. The assessment shall 
include associated costs with enhancing United 
States, allied, and partner military posture, bas-
ing, and sustainment infrastructure in the area 
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of responsibility of the United States Indo-Pa-
cific Command to best meet the operational re-
quirements described in subparagraph (A), in-
cluding in States, territories, and possessions of 
the United States and regional allies and part-
ners. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classi-
fied annex. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) the term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the term ‘‘strategic competitor’’ means a 
country labeled as a strategic competitor in the 
‘‘Summary of the 2018 National Defense Strategy of 
the United States of America: Sharpening the Amer-
ican Military’s Competitive Edge’’, issued by the De-
partment of Defense pursuant to section 113 of title 
10, United States Code. 
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SEC. 1307. MODIFICATION TO PACIFIC DETERRENCE INITIA-
TIVE. 
Section 1251(d) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
(Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3951) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as para-
graph (3); and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(2) SUBSEQUENT REPORT.—Not later than 15 
days after the submission of the report required by 
paragraph (1) for fiscal year 2024, the Commander 
of the United States Indo-Pacific Command shall sub-
mit to the congressional defense committees a subse-
quent report containing a comparison of the specific 
cost estimates required by items (aa) through (ff) of 
paragraph (1)(B)(vi)(II) to the funding provided in 
the budget of the President (submitted to Congress 
pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States 
Code) for such items for such fiscal year.’’. 
SEC. 1308. SEIZE THE INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There shall be established in the De-
partment of Defense an initiative, to be known as the ‘‘Seize 
The Initiative Fund’’ (referred to in this section as the 
‘‘Fund’’), for the use of the Commander of United States 
Indo-Pacific Command to increase the ability of covered 
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Armed Forces to respond to contingencies in the Indo-Pa-
cific. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000,000 for the De-
partment of Defense for fiscal year 2023 for the allowable 
uses described in subsection (c). 
(c) ALLOWABLE USES.—The funds authorized to be 
appropriated by this section shall be used by the Com-
mander of United States Indo-Pacific Command, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries 
of the military departments, for the following purposes: 
(1) Activities to increase the presence of covered 
Armed Forces west of the international dateline in the 
United States Indo-Pacific Command area of respon-
sibility. 
(2) Activities to improve infrastructure to en-
hance the responsiveness of covered Armed Forces west 
of the international dateline in the United States 
Indo-Pacific Command area of responsibility. 
(3) Activities to enhance prepositioning in the 
United States Indo-Pacific Command area of respon-
sibility of equipment of covered Armed Forces. 
(4) Activities to enhance contingency response in 
the United States Indo-Pacific Command area of re-
sponsibility. 
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(d) INITIAL PLAN REQUIRED.—The Commander of 
United States Indo-Pacific Command shall, within 180 
days of the enactment of this act, provide the congressional 
defense committees with a plan to use funds authorized pur-
suant to this section. Such plan, to the extent practicable, 
shall be consistent with other plans required to be produced 
by the Commander of United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand, including under section 1242 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117– 
81; 135 Stat. 1978). 
(e) COVERED ARMED FORCES.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘covered Armed Force’’ means the following forces of 
the United States: 
(1) The Army. 
(2) The Navy. 
(3) The Marine Corps. 
(4) The Air Force. 
(5) The Space Force. 
SEC. 1309. MODIFICATION TO CHINA MILITARY POWER RE-
PORT. 
Section 1202(b)(7)(B) of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating clauses (ii) and (iii) as 
clauses (iii) and (iv), respectively; and 
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(2) by inserting after clause (i) the following: 
‘‘(ii) the Middle East and North Afri-
ca, especially with respect to Iran and Chi-
na’s relationship with Iranian proxies such 
as Hezbollah in Lebanon, the Houthis 
(‘‘Ansar Allah’’) in Yemen, the Assad re-
gime in Syria, and Iranian-backed militias 
in Iraq;’’. 
SEC. 1310. MODIFICATIONS TO PUBLIC REPORTING OF CHI-
NESE MILITARY COMPANIES OPERATING IN 
THE UNITED STATES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1260H(c) of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by 
adding at the end the following sentence: ‘‘The Secretary 
of Defense shall also consider information related to a Chi-
nese military company operating directly or indirectly in 
the United States or any of its territories and possessions 
that is provided jointly by the chairperson and ranking 
member of each of the congressional defense committees in 
making such determinations.’’. 
(b) DETERMINATION PROMPTED BY JOINT SUBMIS-
SION OF INFORMATION.—Section 1260H of the William M. 
(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection 
(e); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (c) (as amend-
ed) the following: 
‘‘(d) DETERMINATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 
days after receiving information described in the second 
sentence of subsection (c) with respect to an entity, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall— 
‘‘(1) determine if that entity meets the criteria 
for inclusion on the list required under subsection (b); 
and 
‘‘(2) submit an unclassified report, without any 
designation relating to dissemination control, to the 
chairperson and ranking member of the committee 
that provided the information with respect to such de-
termination, including whether the Secretary intends 
to list such entity publicly.’’. 
SEC. 1311. REPORTING ON INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDU-
CATION DOMICILED IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUB-
LIC OF CHINA THAT PROVIDE SUPPORT TO 
THE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY. 
(a) DETERMINATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
consultation with the Office of the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence, shall identify each entity that is 
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an institution of higher education domiciled in the 
People’s Republic of China that provides support to 
the People’s Liberation Army. 
(2) FACTORS.—In making a determination 
under paragraph (1) with respect to an entity, the 
Secretary shall consider the following factors: 
(A) Involvement in the implementation of 
the military-civil fusion strategy of China. 
(B) Participation in the defense industrial 
base of China. 
(C) Affiliation with the Chinese State Ad-
ministration for Science, Technology, and Indus-
try for the National Defense. 
(D) Funding received from any organiza-
tion subordinate to the Central Military Com-
mission of the Chinese Communist Party. 
(E) Relationship with any security, defense, 
police, or within the Government of China or the 
Chinese Communist Party. 
(F) Any other factor the Secretary deter-
mines is appropriate. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than September 
30, 2023, and annually thereafter for 5 years, the 
Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congres-
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sional committees a list of each entity identified pur-
suant to subsection (a) in classified and unclassified 
forms, and shall include in such submission, as appli-
cable, an explanation of any entities deleted from 
such list with respect to a prior list. 
(2) 
CONCURRENT
PUBLICATION.—Concurrent 
with the submission of each list described in para-
graph (1), the Secretary shall publish the unclassified 
portion of such list in the Federal Register. 
(3) ONGOING REVISIONS.—The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Office of the Director of National 
Intelligence, shall make additions or deletions to the 
most recent list submitted under paragraph (1) on an 
ongoing basis based on the latest information avail-
able. 
(4) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 
congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Sen-
ate; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the House of Representatives. 
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Subtitle C—Homeland Acceleration 
of Recovering Deposits and Re-
newing Onshore Critical Key-
stones 
SEC. 1421. AUTHORITY TO ACQUIRE MATERIALS FOR NA-
TIONAL DEFENSE STOCKPILE TO ADDRESS 
SHORTFALLS. 
(a) MODIFICATION
OF ACQUISITION AUTHORITY.— 
Section 5 of the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Pil-
ing Act (50 U.S.C. 98d) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in the first sentence, by inserting 
‘‘under the authority of paragraph (3) or’’ 
after ‘‘Except for acquisitions made’’; and 
(ii) in the second sentence, by striking 
‘‘for such acquisition’’ and inserting ‘‘for 
any acquisition of materials under this 
Act’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘any 
such transaction’’ and inserting ‘‘any trans-
action’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) From amounts appropriated after the date of the 
enactment of this paragraph, the National Defense Stockpile 
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‘‘(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee 
on Energy and Natural Resources, the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation, and the Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the Senate; and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
Natural Resources, the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce, and the Permanent Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Represent-
atives.’’. 
SEC. 1422. REPORT ON MODIFICATIONS TO THE NATIONAL 
TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL BASE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 1, 2023, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees, the Committee on Financial Services of 
the House of Representatives, the Permanent Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives, the 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, and the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
Senate a report on the benefits and risks of potential legisla-
tive proposals to increase the availability of strategic and 
critical materials that are, as of the date of the enactment 
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