IV 
112TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 356 
Urging the European Union and its member states to maintain the arms 
embargo against the People’s Republic of China. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 18, 2011 
Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN (for herself, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, Mr. MEEKS, Mr. 
ROYCE, Mr. MCCOTTER, Mr. GALLEGLY, Mr. CHABOT, Ms. JACKSON 
LEE of Texas, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. SMITH of New 
Jersey, and Mr. RYAN of Ohio) submitted the following resolution; which 
was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Urging the European Union and its member states to main-
tain the arms embargo against the People’s Republic 
of China. 
Whereas, on June 4, 1989, the People’s Republic of China 
carried out a brutal and indiscriminate assault on thou-
sands of peaceful and unarmed demonstrators and by-
standers in and around Tiananmen Square by units of 
the People’s Liberation Army, which resulted in an un-
told number of deaths and several thousand injuries; 
Whereas, on June 26, 1989, in Madrid, the European Coun-
cil issued a declaration that strongly condemned ‘‘the 
brutal repression taking place in China’’ and introduced 
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•HRES 356 IH 
an embargo on trade in arms with the People’s Republic 
of China; 
Whereas the People’s Republic of China has yet to acknowl-
edge or make amends for the 1989 massacre of the 
peaceful, pro-democracy demonstrators at Tiananmen 
Square; 
Whereas the citizens of the People’s Republic of China still 
do not have the right to peacefully change their govern-
ment and many who openly express dissenting political 
views are harassed, detained, or imprisoned; 
Whereas for several years, the People’s Republic of China has 
also been engaged in an extensive military buildup in its 
air, naval, land, and outer space systems, including the 
deployment of approximately 1,600 short and medium 
range ballistic missiles near the Taiwan Strait according 
to the Department of Defense’s Report on the Military 
Power of the People’s Republic of China for Fiscal Year 
2009; 
Whereas the military buildup by the People’s Republic of 
China and the strategic doctrines that underpin such ac-
tions remain shrouded in secrecy and imply challenges for 
strategic deterrence between the United States and 
China, United States Armed Forces deployed in the re-
gion, and interests related to numerous friends and allies 
in the region, particularly Taiwan and Japan, and re-
gional stability more broadly; 
Whereas the transfer of armaments and related military tech-
nology to the People’s Republic of China by member 
states of the European Union (EU) threatens to encour-
age the People’s Republic of China to seek to continue 
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its attempts to settle long-standing territorial disputes in 
the region by the threat or use of military force; 
Whereas in order to assist EU member-states to close the 
gap in defense capabilities with the United States and to 
enhance the interoperability of the armed forces of EU 
member states and United States Armed Forces, the 
United States has expanded transatlantic armament and 
defense industry cooperation involving increasingly so-
phisticated levels of sensitive United States military tech-
nology, which becomes subject to increased risk of diver-
sion to the People’s Republic of China should the arms 
embargo be lifted and armament cooperation increase be-
tween China and the EU; 
Whereas the European Parliament previously reaffirmed sup-
port for the arms embargo against the People’s Republic 
of China, stating explicitly that ‘‘Chinese and other arms 
exporters are fueling armed conflicts in Africa . . . 
China is responsible for significant arms transfers to con-
flict-ridden countries, even in violation of UN embargoes 
in the cases of Darfur, Liberia, and the Democratic Re-
public of Congo’’; 
Whereas the People’s Republic of China continues to export 
gas and oil, as well as defense-related material to the Ira-
nian regime, despite international concern over Iran’s nu-
clear programs; 
Whereas in January 2010, Spanish Ambassador to China, 
Carlos Blasco Villa, stated that Spain hoped to ‘‘deepen 
discussions [in Europe] on lifting the ban,’’ and added 
that Spain ‘‘seeks to eliminate any inconvenience in rela-
tionships between the EU and China’’; 
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•HRES 356 IH 
Whereas, on December 17, 2010, EU High Representative 
Catherine Ashton recommended lifting the EU arms em-
bargo on China in her formal foreign policy strategy 
paper to the European Summit, in which she stated, 
‘‘The current arms embargo is a major impediment for 
developing stronger EU-China co-operation on foreign 
policy and security matters. The EU should assess its 
practical implication and design a way forward.’’; 
Whereas, during his May 2011 visit to China, European 
Council President Herman Van Rompuy stated, ‘‘China 
made a significant contribution to maintaining the sta-
bility of the euro zone and promoting the resurgence of 
the European economy. Europe shows gratitude for this 
. . . I come here not just for what we can do for our bi-
lateral relations but also for what we can do together on 
a global level.’’; and 
Whereas the United States Department of State’s 2010 
Country Report on Human Rights for China stated that, 
‘‘A negative trend in key areas of the country’s human 
rights record continued . . . . Principal human rights 
problems during the year included: extrajudicial killings 
. . . enforced disappearance and incommunicado deten-
tion . . . torture and coerced confessions of prisoners 
. . . detention and harassment of journalists and dis-
sidents . . . political control of courts and judges . . . 
restrictions on freedoms to assemble, practice religion, 
and travel . . . pressure on other countries to forcibly re-
turn citizens to China . . . a coercive birth limitation pol-
icy, which in some cases resulted in forced abortion or 
forced sterilization . . . trafficking in persons . . . and 
the use of forced labor, including prison labor . . . .’’: 
Now, therefore, be it 
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•HRES 356 IH 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) reaffirms the United States arms embargo 
on the People’s Republic of China and related find-
ings and statements of policy set forth in title IX of 
the Foreign Relations Authorization Act (Public 
Law 101–246); 
(2) calls upon the President of the United 
States, consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act, to 
clarify his policy towards Taiwan and to publically 
reaffirm United States support for its allies in the 
region; 
(3) expresses its concerns over the continuing 
harassment, repression, and detention of political 
dissidents, religious, and ethnic minorities inside the 
People’s Republic of China; 
(4) reasserts that it should be the policy of the 
United States to oppose any diminution or termi-
nation of the European Union arms embargo against 
the People’s Republic of China that was established 
by the Declaration of the European Council of June 
26, 1989; 
(5) condemns the threats of military force by 
China against its neighbors to resolve longstanding 
conflicts; and 
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(6) urges the President of the United States to 
take appropriate diplomatic and other measures nec-
essary to convince European Union member-states, 
individually and collectively, to continue to observe 
this embargo in principle and in practice. 
Æ 
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