750 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are nec-
essary to carry out this section. 
SEC. 9314. STUDY OF IMPACT OF INCREASED RENEWABLE 
FUEL USE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall, 
after consultation with the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency, the Administrator of the En-
ergy Information Administration, and the Secretary of Ag-
riculture, conduct a study to assess the impact of in-
creased use of renewable fuels on the United States econ-
omy. The Secretary shall enter into an arrangement with 
the National Academy of Sciences to provide peer review 
of the study. 
(b) STUDY ELEMENTS.—The study shall analyze, in 
terms of renewable fuels, the following: 
(1) The impact of the use of renewable fuels on 
the energy security of the United States. 
(2) The impact of the use of renewable fuels on 
public health and the environment, including air and 
water quality. 
(3) The impact of renewable fuels on the infra-
structure of the United States, including the deliver-
ability of materials, goods, and products other than 
alternative fuels. 
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(4) The impact of the use of renewable fuels on 
job creation, the price and supply of agricultural 
commodities, and rural economic development. 
(c) PARTICIPATION.—In conducting the study under 
this section, the Secretary and other agencies shall seek 
the participation, and consider the input, of the following: 
(1) Producers of feed grains. 
(2) Producers of livestock, poultry, and pork 
products. 
(3) Producers of energy. 
(4) Individuals and entities interested in issues 
relating to conservation, the environment, and nutri-
tion, and users of renewable fuels. 
(d) REPORT.—The Secretary shall submit a report 
to the Congress containing the initial results of the study 
under this section not later than 2 years after enactment 
of this Act and subsequently supplement and update such 
report every 3 years thereafter. 
SEC. 9315. GRANTS FOR RENEWABLE FUEL PRODUCTION 
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN CERTAIN 
STATES. 
(a) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
grants to eligible entities to conduct research into, and de-
velop and implement, renewable fuel production tech-
nologies in States with low rates of ethanol production, 
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including low rates of production of cellulosic biomass eth-
anol, as determined by the Secretary. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible to receive a grant 
under the section, an entity shall— 
(1)(A) be an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)) located in a State de-
scribed in subsection (a); 
(B) be an institution— 
(i) referred to in section 532 of the Equity 
in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 
(Public Law 103–382; 7 U.S.C. 301 note); 
(ii) that is eligible for a grant under the 
Tribally Controlled College or University Assist-
ance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), in-
cluding Dine College; or 
(iii) that is eligible for a grant under the 
Navajo Community College Act (25 U.S.C. 
640a et seq.); or 
(C) be a consortium of such institutions of 
higher education, industry, State agencies, Indian 
tribal agencies, or local government agencies located 
in the State; and 
(2) have proven experience and capabilities with 
relevant technologies. 
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(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2010. 
SEC. 9316. STUDY OF EFFECT OF OIL PRICES. 
The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a study to re-
view the anticipated effects on renewable fuels production 
if oil were priced no lower than $40 per barrel. The Sec-
retary shall report the findings of such study to Congress 
by December 31, 2008. 
SEC. 9317. BIODIESEL AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL FOR CAFE´  
PURPOSES. 
Section 32901(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by redesignating subpara-
graphs (J) and (K) as subparagraphs (K) and (L), 
respectively, and inserting after subparagraph (I) 
the following: 
‘‘(J) B20 biodiesel blend;’’; and 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through 
(16) as paragraphs (9) through (18), respectively, 
and insert after paragraph (6) the following: 
‘‘(7) ‘biodiesel’ means the monoalkyl esters of 
long chain fatty acids derived from plant or animal 
matter which meet— 
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‘‘(A) the registration requirements for 
fuels and fuel additives established by the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency under section 211 
of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545); and 
‘‘(B) the requirements of the American So-
ciety of Testing and Materials D6751. 
‘‘(8) ‘B20 biodiesel blend’ means a mixture of 
biodiesel and diesel fuel approximately 20 percent of 
the content of which is biodiesel, and commonly 
known as ‘B20’.’’. 
PART 2—UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ENERGY 
COOPERATION 
SEC. 9321. SHORT TITLE. 
This part may be cited as the ‘‘United States-Israel 
Energy Cooperation Act’’. 
SEC. 9322. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds that— 
(1) it is in the highest national security inter-
ests of the United States to ensure secure access to 
reliable energy sources; 
(2) the United States relies heavily on the for-
eign supply of crude oil to meet the energy needs of 
the United States, currently importing 58 percent of 
the total oil requirements of the United States, of 
which 45 percent comes from member states of the 
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 
(OPEC); 
(3) revenues from the sale of oil by some of 
these countries directly or indirectly provide funding 
for terrorism and propaganda hostile to the values 
of the United States and the West; 
(4) in the past, these countries have manipu-
lated the dependence of the United States on the oil 
supplies of these countries to exert undue influence 
on United States policy, as during the embargo of 
OPEC during 1973 on the sale of oil to the United 
States, which became a major factor in the ensuing 
recession; 
(5) research by the Energy Information Admin-
istration of the Department of Energy has shown 
that the dependence of the United States on foreign 
oil will increase by 33 percent over the next 20 
years; 
(6) a rise in the price of imported oil sufficient 
to increase gasoline prices by 10 cents per gallon at 
the pump would result in an additional outflow of 
$18,000,000,000 from the United States to oil-ex-
porting nations; 
(7) for economic and national security reasons, 
the United States should reduce, as soon as prac-
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ticable, the dependence of the United States on na-
tions that do not share the interests and values of 
the United States; 
(8) the State of Israel has been a steadfast ally 
and a close friend of the United States since the cre-
ation of Israel in 1948; 
(9) like the United States, Israel is a democracy 
that holds civil rights and liberties in the highest re-
gard and is a proponent of the democratic values of 
peace, freedom, and justice; 
(10) cooperation between the United States and 
Israel on such projects as the development of the 
Arrow Missile has resulted in mutual benefits to 
United States and Israeli security; 
(11) the special relationship between Israel and 
the United States has been and continues to be 
manifested in a variety of jointly-funded cooperative 
programs in the field of scientific research and de-
velopment, such as— 
(A) the United States-Israel Binational 
Science Foundation (BSF); 
(B) the Israel-United States Binational 
Agricultural Research and Development Fund 
(BARD); and 
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(C) the Israel-United States Binational In-
dustrial Research and Development (BIRD) 
Foundation; 
(12) these programs, supported by the match-
ing contributions from the Government of Israel and 
the Government of the United States and directed 
by key scientists and academics from both countries, 
have made possible many scientific breakthroughs in 
the fields of life sciences, medicine, bioengineering, 
agriculture, biotechnology, communications, and oth-
ers; 
(13) on February 1, 1996, United States Sec-
retary of Energy Hazel R. O’Leary and Israeli Min-
ister of Energy and Infrastructure Gonen Segev 
signed the Agreement Between the Department of 
Energy of the United States of America and the 
Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure of Israel Con-
cerning Energy Cooperation, to establish a frame-
work for collaboration between the United States 
and Israel in energy research and development ac-
tivities; 
(14) the United States and Israeli governments 
should promote cooperation in a broad range of 
projects designed to enhance supplies of nonpetro-
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leum energy for both countries, and to provide for 
cutting edge research in each country; 
(15) Israeli scientists and researchers have long 
been at the forefront of research and development in 
the field of alternative renewable energy sources; 
(16) many of the top corporations of the world 
have recognized the technological and scientific ex-
pertise of Israel by locating important research and 
development facilities in Israel; 
(17) among the technological breakthroughs 
made by Israeli scientists and researchers in the 
field of alternative, renewable energy sources are— 
(A) the development of a cathode that uses 
hexavalent iron salts that accept 3 electrons per 
ion and enable rechargeable batteries to provide 
3 times as much electricity as existing recharge-
able batteries; 
(B) the development of a technique that 
vastly increases the efficiency of using solar en-
ergy to generate hydrogen for use in energy 
cells; and 
(C) the development of a novel membrane 
used in new and powerful direct-oxidant fuel 
cells that is capable of competing favorably with 
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hydrogen fuel cells and traditional internal com-
bustion engines; and 
(18) cooperation between the United States and 
Israel in the field of research and development of al-
ternative renewable energy sources would be in the 
interests of both countries, and both countries stand 
to gain much from such cooperation. 
SEC. 9323. GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—Pursuant to the responsibilities de-
scribed in section 102(10), (14), and (17) of the Depart-
ment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7112(10), 
(14), and (17)) and section 103(9) of the Energy Reorga-
nization Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5813(9)), the Secretary, 
in consultation with the BIRD or BSF, shall award grants 
to eligible entities. 
(b) APPLICATION.— 
(1) SUBMISSION OF APPLICATIONS.—To receive 
a grant under this section, an eligible entity shall 
submit an application to the Secretary containing 
such information and assurances as the Secretary, in 
consultation with the BIRD or BSF, may require. 
(2) SELECTION OF ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—The 
Secretary, in consultation with the Directors of the 
BIRD and BSF, may review any application sub-
mitted by any eligible entity and select any eligible 
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entity meeting criteria established by the Secretary, 
in consultation with the Advisory Board, for a grant 
under this section. 
(c) AMOUNT OF GRANT.—The amount of each grant 
awarded for a fiscal year under this section shall be deter-
mined by the Secretary, in consultation with the BIRD 
or BSF. 
(d) RECOUPMENT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall establish procedures and criteria for 
recoupment in connection with any eligible project 
carried out by an eligible entity that receives a grant 
under this section, which has led to the development 
of a product or process which is marketed or used. 
(2) AMOUNT REQUIRED.— 
(A) Except as provided in subparagraph 
(B), such recoupment shall be required as a 
condition for award and be proportional to the 
Federal share of the costs of such project, and 
shall be derived from the proceeds of royalties 
or licensing fees received in connection with 
such product or process. 
(B) In the case where a product or process 
is used by the recipient of a grant under this 
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section for the production and sale of its own 
products or processes, the recoupment shall 
consist of a payment equivalent to the payment 
which would be made under subparagraph (A). 
(3) WAIVER.—The Secretary may at any time 
waive or defer all or some of the recoupment re-
quirements of this subsection as necessary, depend-
ing on— 
(A) the commercial competitiveness of the 
entity or entities developing or using the prod-
uct or process; 
(B) the profitability of the project; and 
(C) the commercial viability of the product 
or process utilized. 
(e) PRIVATE FUNDS.—The Secretary may accept 
contributions of funds from private sources to carry out 
this part. 
(f) OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEW-
ABLE ENERGY.—The Secretary shall carry out this sec-
tion through the existing programs at the Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy. 
(g) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after receiv-
ing a grant under this section, each recipient shall submit 
a report to the Secretary— 
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(1) documenting how the recipient used the 
grant funds; and 
(2) evaluating the level of success of each 
project funded by the grant. 
SEC. 9324. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY ADVISORY BOARD. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the 
Department of Energy an International Energy Advisory 
Board. 
(b) DUTIES.—The Advisory Board shall advise the 
Secretary on— 
(1) criteria for the recipients of grants awarded 
under section 9323(a); 
(2) the total amount of grant money to be 
awarded to all grantees selected by the Secretary, in 
consultation with the BIRD; and 
(3) the total amount of grant money to be 
awarded to all grantees selected by the Secretary, in 
consultation with the BSF, for each fiscal year. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) COMPOSITION.—The Advisory Board shall 
be composed of— 
(A) 1 member appointed by the Secretary 
of Commerce; 
(B) 1 member appointed by the Secretary 
of Energy; and 
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(C) 2 members who shall be Israeli citi-
zens, appointed by the Secretary of Energy 
after consultation with appropriate officials in 
the Israeli Government. 
(2) DEADLINE FOR APPOINTMENTS.—The ini-
tial appointments under paragraph (1) shall be 
made not later than 60 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act. 
(3) TERM.—Each member of the Advisory 
Board shall be appointed for a term of 4 years. 
(4) VACANCIES.—A vacancy on the Advisory 
Board shall be filled in the manner in which the 
original appointment was made. 
(5) BASIC PAY.— 
(A) COMPENSATION.—A member of the 
Advisory Board shall serve without pay. 
(B) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—Each member of 
the Advisory Board shall receive travel ex-
penses, including per diem in lieu of subsist-
ence, in accordance with applicable provisions of 
subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United 
States Code. 
(6) QUORUM.—Three members of the Advisory 
Board shall constitute a quorum. 
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(7) CHAIRPERSON.—The Chairperson of the 
Advisory Board shall be designated by the Secretary 
of Energy at the time of the appointment. 
(8) MEETINGS.—The Advisory Board shall 
meet at least once annually at the call of the Chair-
person. 
(d) TERMINATION.—Section 14(a)(2)(B) of the Fed-
eral Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not 
apply to the Advisory Board. 
SEC. 9325. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) ADVISORY
BOARD.—The term ‘‘Advisory 
Board’’ means the International Energy Advisory 
Board established by section 9324(a). 
(2) BIRD.—The term ‘‘BIRD’’ means the 
Israel-United States Binational Industrial Research 
and Development Foundation. 
(3) BSF.—The term ‘‘BSF’’ means the United 
States-Israel Binational Science Foundation. 
(4) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti-
ty’’ means a joint venture comprised of both Israeli 
and United States private business entities or a joint 
venture comprised of both Israeli academic persons 
(who reside and work in Israel) and United States 
academic persons, that— 
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(A) carries out an eligible project; and 
(B) is selected by the Secretary, in con-
sultation with the BIRD or BSF, using the cri-
teria established by the Secretary, in consulta-
tion with the Advisory Board. 
(5) ELIGIBLE
PROJECT.—The term ‘‘eligible 
project’’ means a project to encourage cooperation 
between the United States and Israel on research, 
development, or commercialization of alternative en-
ergy, improved energy efficiency, or renewable en-
ergy sources. 
(6) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy, acting through the Assist-
ant Secretary of Energy for Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy. 
SEC. 9326. TERMINATION. 
The grant program authorized under section 9323 
and the Advisory Board shall terminate upon the expira-
tion of the 7-year period which begins on the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 9327. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
The Secretary is authorized to expend not more than 
$20,000,000 to carry out this part for each of fiscal years 
2008 through 2014 from funds previously authorized to 
the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. 
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SEC. 9328. CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY. 
The Constitutional authority on which this part rests 
is the power of Congress to regulate commerce with for-
eign nations as enumerated in Article I, Section 8 of the 
United States Constitution. 
Subtitle E—Advanced Plug-In 
Hybrid Vehicles and Components 
SEC. 9401. ADVANCED BATTERY LOAN GUARANTEE PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary 
of Energy shall establish a program to provide guarantees 
of loans by private institutions for the construction of fa-
cilities for the manufacture of advanced vehicle batteries 
and battery systems that are developed and produced in 
the United States, including advanced lithium ion bat-
teries and hybrid electrical system and component manu-
facturers and software designers. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary may provide a 
loan guarantee under subsection (a) to an applicant if— 
(1) without a loan guarantee, credit is not 
available to the applicant under reasonable terms or 
conditions sufficient to finance the construction of a 
facility described in subsection (a); 
(2) the prospective earning power of the appli-
cant and the character and value of the security 
pledged provide a reasonable assurance of repayment 
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