IIB 
115TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6227 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
SEPTEMBER 17, 2018 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation 
AN ACT 
To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate 
quantum research and development for the economic and 
national security of the United States. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘National Quantum Initiative Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.— 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Definitions. 
Sec. 3. Purposes. 
TITLE I—NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE 
Sec. 101. National Quantum Initiative Program. 
Sec. 102. National Quantum Coordination Office. 
Sec. 103. Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science. 
Sec. 104. National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee. 
Sec. 105. Sunset. 
TITLE II—NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND 
TECHNOLOGY QUANTUM ACTIVITIES 
Sec. 201. National Institute of Standards and Technology activities and quan-
tum workshop. 
TITLE III—NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND MULTIDISCI-
PLINARY CENTERS FOR QUANTUM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 
Sec. 301. Quantum information science research and education program. 
Sec. 302. Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education. 
TITLE IV—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND NATIONAL 
QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTERS 
Sec. 401. Quantum Information Science Research program. 
Sec. 402. National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. 
Sec. 403. Spending limitation. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act, the following definitions apply: 
(1) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Advi-
sory Committee’’ means the National Quantum Ini-
tiative Advisory Committee established under section 
104(a). 
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(2) COORDINATION
OFFICE.—The term ‘‘Co-
ordination Office’’ means the National Quantum Co-
ordination Office established under section 102(a). 
(3) INSTITUTIONS
OF
HIGHER
EDUCATION.— 
The term ‘‘institutions of higher education’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 
(4) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means 
the National Quantum Initiative Program imple-
mented under section 101(a). 
(5) QUANTUM
INFORMATION
SCIENCE.—The 
term ‘‘quantum information science’’ means the 
storage, transmission, manipulation, or measurement 
of information that is encoded in systems that can 
only be described by the laws of quantum physics. 
(6) 
SUBCOMMITTEE.—The 
term 
‘‘Sub-
committee’’ means the Subcommittee on Quantum 
Information Science of the National Science and 
Technology 
Council 
established 
under 
section 
103(a). 
SEC. 3. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this Act are to ensure the continued 
leadership of the United States in quantum information 
science and its technology applications by— 
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(1) supporting research, development, dem-
onstration, and application of quantum information 
science and technology in order to— 
(A) expand the number of researchers, 
educators, and students with training in quan-
tum information science and technology to de-
velop a workforce pipeline; 
(B) promote the development and inclusion 
of multidisciplinary curriculum and research op-
portunities for quantum information science at 
the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral 
level; 
(C) address basic research knowledge gaps; 
(D) promote the further development of fa-
cilities and centers available for quantum infor-
mation science and technology research, testing 
and education; and 
(E) stimulate research on and promote 
more rapid development of quantum-based tech-
nologies; 
(2) improving the interagency planning and co-
ordination of Federal research and development of 
quantum information science and technology and 
maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Govern-
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ment’s quantum information science and technology 
research and development programs; 
(3) promoting collaboration among government, 
Federal laboratories, industry, and universities; and 
(4) promoting the development of standards for 
quantum information science and technology secu-
rity. 
TITLE I—NATIONAL QUANTUM 
INITIATIVE 
SEC. 101. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM. 
The President shall implement a 10-year National 
Quantum Initiative Program. In carrying out the Pro-
gram, the President shall, acting through appropriate 
Federal agencies, councils, working groups, subcommit-
tees, and the Coordination Office— 
(1) establish the goals, priorities, and metrics 
for a 10-year plan to accelerate development of 
quantum information science and technology applica-
tions in the United States; 
(2) invest in fundamental Federal quantum in-
formation science and technology research, develop-
ment, demonstration, and other activities to achieve 
the goals established in paragraph (1); 
(3) invest in activities to develop a quantum in-
formation science and technology workforce pipeline; 
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(4) provide for interagency coordination of Fed-
eral quantum information science and technology re-
search, development, demonstration, and other ac-
tivities undertaken pursuant to the Program; 
(5) partner with industry and academia to le-
verage knowledge and resources; and 
(6) leverage existing Federal investments effi-
ciently to advance Program goals and objectives. 
SEC. 102. NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION OFFICE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish 
a National Quantum Coordination Office, which shall 
have— 
(1) a Director appointed by the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consulta-
tion with the Secretary of Commerce, the Director 
of the National Science Foundation, and the Sec-
retary of Energy; and 
(2) staff that shall be comprised of employees 
detailed from the Federal agencies that are members 
of the Subcommittee. 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Coordination Office 
shall— 
(1) provide technical and administrative support 
to— 
(A) the Subcommittee; and 
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(B) the Advisory Committee; 
(2) oversee interagency coordination of the Pro-
gram, including encouraging and supporting joint 
agency solicitation and selection of applications for 
funding of projects under the Program; 
(3) serve as the point of contact on Federal ci-
vilian quantum information science and technology 
activities for Government organizations, academia, 
industry, professional societies, State governments, 
and others to exchange technical and programmatic 
information; 
(4) ensure coordination between the Multidisci-
plinary Centers for Quantum Research and Edu-
cation established under section 302(a) and the Na-
tional Quantum Information Science Research Cen-
ters established under section 402(a); 
(5) conduct public outreach, including dissemi-
nation of findings and recommendations of the Advi-
sory Committee, as appropriate; 
(6) promote access to and early application of 
the technologies, innovations, and expertise derived 
from Program activities to agency missions and sys-
tems across the Federal Government, and to United 
States industry, including startup companies; and 
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(7) promote access, through appropriate Gov-
ernment agencies, to existing quantum computing 
and communication systems developed by industry, 
academia, and Federal laboratories to the general 
user community in pursuit of discovery of the new 
applications of such systems. 
(c) FUNDING.—Funds necessary to carry out the ac-
tivities of the Coordination Office shall be made available 
each fiscal year by the participating agencies of the Sub-
committee, as determined by the Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy. 
SEC. 103. SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM INFORMATION 
SCIENCE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish, 
through the National Science and Technology Council, a 
Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Subcommittee shall in-
clude— 
(1) the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology; 
(2) the National Science Foundation; 
(3) the Department of Energy; 
(4) the National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration; 
(5) the Department of Defense; 
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(6) the Office of the Director of National Intel-
ligence; 
(7) the Office of Management and Budget; 
(8) the Office of Science and Technology Policy; 
and 
(9) any other Federal agency as considered ap-
propriate by the President. 
(c) CHAIRS.—The Subcommittee shall be jointly 
chaired by the Director of the National Institute of Stand-
ards and Technology, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation, and the Secretary of Energy. 
(d) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Subcommittee shall— 
(1) coordinate the quantum information science 
and technology research and education activities and 
programs of the Federal agencies; 
(2) establish goals and priorities of the Pro-
gram, based on identified knowledge and workforce 
gaps and other national needs; 
(3) assess and recommend Federal infrastruc-
ture needs to support the Program; and 
(4) evaluate opportunities for international co-
operation with strategic allies on research and devel-
opment in quantum information science and tech-
nology. 
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(e) STRATEGIC PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall 
develop a 5-year strategic plan, and 6 years after enact-
ment of the Act develop an additional 5-year strategic 
plan, with periodic updates as appropriate to guide the 
activities of the Program, meet the goals, priorities, and 
anticipated outcomes of the participating agencies. 
(f) REPORTS.—The Chairs of the Subcommittee shall 
submit to the President, the Advisory Committee, the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation and the Committee on En-
ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate, and other ap-
propriate committees of Congress the strategic plans de-
veloped under subsection (e) and any updates to such 
plans. 
SEC. 104. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE ADVISORY COM-
MITTEE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall establish a 
National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee. 
(b) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Advisory Committee es-
tablished by the President under subsection (a) shall con-
sist of members from industry, academic institutions, and 
Federal laboratories. The President shall appoint mem-
bers to the Advisory Committee who are qualified to pro-
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vide advice and information on quantum information 
science and technology research, development, demonstra-
tions, education, technology transfer, commercial applica-
tion, or national security and economic concerns. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP CONSIDERATION.—In selecting an 
Advisory Committee, the President may seek and give con-
sideration to recommendations from the Congress, indus-
try, the scientific community (including the National 
Academy of Sciences, scientific professional societies, and 
academia), the defense community, and other appropriate 
organizations. 
(d) DUTIES.—The Advisory Committee shall advise 
the President and the Subcommittee and make rec-
ommendations that shall be considered in reviewing and 
revising the Program. The Advisory Committee shall pro-
vide the President and the Subcommittee with an inde-
pendent assessment of— 
(1) trends and developments in quantum infor-
mation science and technology; 
(2) progress made in implementing the Pro-
gram; 
(3) whether the Program activities, priorities, 
and technical goals developed by the Subcommittee 
are helping to maintain United States leadership in 
quantum information science and technology; 
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(4) the management, coordination, implementa-
tion, and activities of the Program; 
(5) the need to revise the Program; 
(6) whether or not there are opportunities for 
international cooperation with strategic allies on re-
search and development in quantum information 
science and technology; and 
(7) whether national security, societal, eco-
nomic, legal, and workforce concerns are adequately 
addressed by the Program. 
(e) REPORTS.—The Advisory Committee shall report, 
not less frequently than once every 2 years, to the Presi-
dent on the assessments required under subsection (d) and 
any recommendations to improve the Program. The first 
report under this subsection shall be submitted not later 
than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act. 
The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Pol-
icy shall transmit a copy of each report under this sub-
section to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives, the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Technology of the Senate, the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen-
ate, and other appropriate committees of the Congress. 
(f) TRAVEL EXPENSES
OF NON-FEDERAL MEM-
BERS.—Non-Federal members of the Advisory Committee, 
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