I 
114TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6131 
To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit human-animal chimeras. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 22, 2016 
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey (for himself, Mr. BABIN, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mrs. 
BLACK, Mr. BOUSTANY, Mr. FLEMING, Mr. FORTENBERRY, Mr. HARRIS, 
Mrs. HARTZLER, Mr. HENSARLING, Mr. HUELSKAMP, Mr. HUIZENGA of 
Michigan, Mr. LUETKEMEYER, Mr. PEARCE, Mr. PITTS, Mr. RUSSELL, 
Mrs. WAGNER, Mr. LOUDERMILK, and Mr. MULLIN) introduced the fol-
lowing bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 
A BILL 
To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit human- 
animal chimeras. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Human-Animal Chi-
mera Prohibition Act of 2016’’. 
SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON HUMAN-ANIMAL CHIMERAS. 
Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting after chapter 51 the following: 
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‘‘CHAPTER 52—HUMAN-ANIMAL CHIMERAS 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘1131. Definitions. 
‘‘1132. Prohibition on human-animal chimeras. 
‘‘§ 1131. Definitions 
‘‘In this chapter the following definitions apply: 
‘‘(1) HUMAN-ANIMAL
CHIMERA.—The term 
‘human-animal chimera’ means— 
‘‘(A) a human embryo into which a 
nonhuman cell or cells (or the component parts 
thereof) have been introduced to render the em-
bryo’s membership in the species Homo sapiens 
uncertain; 
‘‘(B) a chimera human/animal embryo pro-
duced by fertilizing a human egg with 
nonhuman sperm; 
‘‘(C) a chimera human/animal embryo pro-
duced by fertilizing a nonhuman egg with 
human sperm; 
‘‘(D) an embryo produced by introducing a 
nonhuman nucleus into a human egg; 
‘‘(E) an embryo produced by introducing a 
human nucleus into a nonhuman egg; 
‘‘(F) an embryo containing at least haploid 
sets of chromosomes from both a human and a 
nonhuman life form; 
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‘‘(G) a nonhuman life form engineered 
such that human gametes develop within the 
body of a nonhuman life form; or 
‘‘(H) a nonhuman life form engineered 
such that it contains a human brain or a brain 
derived wholly or predominantly from human 
neural tissues. 
‘‘(2) HUMAN EMBRYO.—The term ‘human em-
bryo’ means an organism of the species Homo sapi-
ens during the earliest stages of development, from 
1 cell up to 8 weeks. 
‘‘§ 1132. Prohibition on human-animal chimeras 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—It shall be unlawful for any per-
son to knowingly, in or otherwise affecting interstate com-
merce— 
‘‘(1) create or attempt to create a human-ani-
mal chimera; 
‘‘(2) transfer or attempt to transfer a human 
embryo into a nonhuman womb; 
‘‘(3) transfer or attempt to transfer a nonhu-
man embryo into a human womb; or 
‘‘(4) transport or receive for any purpose a 
human-animal chimera. 
‘‘(b) PENALTIES.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Whoever violates subsection 
(a) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not 
more than 10 years, or both. 
‘‘(2) CIVIL
PENALTY.—Whoever violates sub-
section (a) and derives pecuniary gain from such vio-
lation shall be subject to a civil fine of the greater 
of $1,000,000 and an amount equal to the amount 
of the gross gain multiplied by 2. 
‘‘(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—This section does 
not prohibit research involving the use of transgenic ani-
mal models containing human genes or xenotransplanta-
tion of human organs, tissues, or cells into recipient ani-
mals, if such activities are not prohibited under subsection 
(a).’’. 
SEC. 3. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT. 
The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relat-
ing to chapter 51 the following: 
‘‘52. Human-animal chimeras ....................................................... 1131.’’. 
Æ 
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