(B) by striking ‘‘science and engineering’’ 
and inserting ‘‘science, engineering, and tech-
nology’’; 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘basic’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘science and en-
gineering’’ and inserting ‘‘science, en-
gineering, and technology’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) 
by 
striking 
‘‘human 
re-
sources’’ and inserting ‘‘education and 
workforce’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘science and en-
gineering’’ and inserting ‘‘science, en-
gineering, and technology’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) in clause (i)— 
(aa) by striking ‘‘science and 
engineering’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘science, engineering, and tech-
nology’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00034
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(bb) by inserting ‘‘K–12, vo-
cational,’’ 
before 
‘‘under-
graduate’’; and 
(cc) by striking ‘‘and’’ after 
the semicolon; 
(II) in clause (ii), by inserting 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; and 
(III) by adding at the end the 
following new clause: 
‘‘(iii) to pursue basic and use inspired 
research at the frontiers of quantum infor-
mation science, engineering, and tech-
nology, and explore solutions to important 
challenges for the development, application, 
and commercialization of quantum tech-
nologies;’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘science and engineering’’ and inserting 
‘‘science, engineering, and technology’’; 
and 
(iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘science and engineering’’ and inserting 
‘‘science, engineering, and technology’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00035
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(v) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(vi) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) providing infrastructure to support 
academic quantum information science, engi-
neering, and technology, including through ex-
isting infrastructure programs and new activi-
ties.’’; 
(4) by amending subsection (c) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(c) STUDENT TRAINEESHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND 
OTHER MODELS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation, in consultation with 
heads of agencies the Director considers appropriate, 
shall award grants to institutions of higher edu-
cation or eligible nonprofit organizations (or con-
sortia thereof) to increase capacity and broaden par-
ticipation, including through provisioning of experi-
ential opportunities, where appropriate, in quantum 
information science, engineering, and technology and 
other related disciplines. 
‘‘(2) QUANTUM TRAINEESHIPS.—The Director 
of the National Science Foundation may establish or 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00036
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
use existing programs to make awards to institu-
tions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia thereof) to provide traineeships to 
graduate students at institutions of higher education 
within the United States who are citizens of the 
United States and who choose or plan to pursue 
masters or doctoral degrees in quantum information 
science, engineering, and technology, or related 
fields, and by providing students with opportunities 
for research experiences in government or industry 
related to such students’ quantum studies. 
‘‘(3) QUANTUM FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLAR-
SHIPS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the 
National Science Foundation may establish or 
use existing programs to support fellowships 
and scholarships for students at institutions of 
higher education for the purpose of increasing 
quantum information science, engineering, and 
technology exposure for undergraduate and 
graduate STEM students and increasing post- 
graduation 
employment 
opportunities 
for 
STEM students. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00037
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(B) REQUIREMENTS.—Eligible partici-
pants in the fellowship and scholarship program 
shall— 
‘‘(i) be enrolled in or have graduated 
from a STEM degree program at a domes-
tic institution of higher education; and 
‘‘(ii) have taken at least one quantum- 
science or quantum-relevant course as part 
of their degree programs. 
‘‘(C) CONSIDERATIONS.—Eligible fellow-
ships and scholarships may include temporary 
quantum-related positions at State or Federal 
agencies, national laboratories, private sector 
businesses, universities, Multidisciplinary Cen-
ters for Quantum Research and Education as 
established in section 402, or other quantum- 
relevant entities, as determined appropriate by 
the Director. 
‘‘(D) COMPETITIVE AWARDS.—Fellowships 
and scholarships shall be competitively awarded 
through a merit-review process. The Director of 
the National Science Foundation may prioritize 
fellowships that include an industry partner 
that provides financial assistance to the appli-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00038
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
cant for direct or indirect costs as estimated by 
the fellowship sponsor. 
‘‘(4) QUANTUM RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR 
UNDERGRADUATES.—The Director of the National 
Science Foundation shall seek to increase opportuni-
ties for quantum research for undergraduate stu-
dents by encouraging proposals in quantum informa-
tion science, engineering, and technology, through 
the research experiences for undergraduates pursu-
ant to section 514 of the America COMPETES Re-
authorization Act of 2021 (42 U.S.C. 1862p–6). 
‘‘(5) PARTNERSHIPS.—In carrying out the ac-
tivities under this section, the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation shall encourage awardees 
to partner with relevant Federal agencies, Federal 
laboratories, industry and other private sector orga-
nizations, and nonprofit organizations to facilitate 
the expansion of workforce pathways and hands-on 
learning experiences.’’; 
(5) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘QISE’’ and inserting ‘‘QISET’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘information science 
and engineering (referred to in this sub-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00039
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(G) Methods to introduce security and 
other potential societal dimensions associated 
with quantum information science, engineering, 
and technology into STEM curricula.’’; and 
(vi) in subparagraph (H), as so redes-
ignated— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘, engineering, 
and technology’’ after ‘‘science’’; and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘of the Re-
search and Development, Competition, 
and 
Innovation 
Act 
(42 
U.S.C. 
19261(d))’’ after ‘‘section 10661 of 
the Research and Development, Com-
petition, and Innovation Act’’; 
(D) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘QISE’’ 
and inserting ‘‘quantum information science, 
engineering, and technology’’; and 
(E) by striking paragraph (4); and 
(6) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(e) INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ON QUANTUM IN-
FORMATION
SCIENCE, 
ENGINEERING, 
AND
TECH-
NOLOGY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation, in coordination with the 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00041
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce, 
shall promote, establish, and support international 
quantum information science, engineering, and tech-
nology research, as appropriate, to enhance inter-
national cooperation and meet United States obliga-
tions or commitments, including as part of the terms 
and conditions of bilateral or multilateral quantum 
information science, engineering, and technology re-
search agreements. 
‘‘(2) ALIGNMENT.—In carrying out this sub-
section, the Director of the National Science Foun-
dation shall ensure alignment with the national 
Quantum Information Strategy or successor strate-
gies. 
‘‘(3) PRIORITY.—The Directors shall prioritize 
research programs with countries that have signed 
Quantum Cooperation Statement with the United 
States. 
‘‘(4) RESTRICTIONS.— 
‘‘(A) CONFUCIUS INSTITUTE.—None of the 
funds made available under this section may be 
obligated or expended to an institution of high-
er education that maintains a contract or agree-
ment between such institution and a Confucius 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00042
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
Institute or any successor of a Confucius Insti-
tute. 
‘‘(B) FOREIGN COUNTRY OF CONCERN AND 
FOREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN.—None of the 
funds made available under this section may be 
obligated or expended to promote, establish, or 
finance quantum research activities between a 
United States entity and a foreign country of 
concern or foreign entity of concern. 
‘‘(f) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated to the National Science Foundation pursuant to 
section 10303 of the Research and Development, Competi-
tion, and Innovation Act (Public Law 117–167) for re-
search and related activities, there is authorized to be ap-
propriated to the Director of the National Science Foun-
dation to carry out this section up to $141,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027.’’. 
SEC. 14. MULTIDISCIPLINARY CENTERS FOR QUANTUM RE-
SEARCH AND EDUCATION. 
Section 302 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
(15 U.S.C. 8842) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘in consultation with other 
Federal departments and agencies,’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘5’’ and inserting ‘‘10’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00043
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘basic’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘science 
and engineering’’ and inserting ‘‘science, engi-
neering, and technology’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and en-
gineering’’ and inserting ‘‘, engineering, and 
technology 
and 
engineering, 
including 
leveraging or expanding activities established 
pursuant to section 301(d)’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)(2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘quantum science’’ and inserting ‘‘quantum in-
formation 
science, 
engineering, 
and 
tech-
nology,’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ‘‘, 
including how each participant will develop and 
implement outreach activities to increase the 
participation of women and other students from 
groups historically underrepresented in STEM’’ 
before the semicolon; 
(C) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00044
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(D) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) how the Center will participate in 
international collaborations, as appropriate, to 
build a trusted global research network with al-
lies and partners of the United States and 
other countries that share values with the 
United States, including respect for inter-
national norms of fair competition.’’; 
(4) in subsection (e), by amending paragraph 
(2) to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) REAPPLICATION.—An awardee may re-
apply for an additional, subsequent period of 5 years 
following a successful, merit-based review.’’; and 
(5) in subsection (f)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘established’’ and inserting 
‘‘supported’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘2019 through 2023’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2024 through 2028’’. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00045
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
SEC. 15. QUANTUM RESKILLING, EDUCATION, AND WORK-
FORCE (QREW) COORDINATION HUB. 
Title III of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 
U.S.C. 8841 et seq.) is amended by addind at the end 
the following new sections: 
‘‘SEC. 303. QUANTUM RESKILLING, EDUCATION, AND WORK-
FORCE (QREW) COORDINATION HUB. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the National 
Science Foundation, in consultation with the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other relevant Fed-
eral departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall make 
an award to a consortium led by an institution of higher 
education or an eligible nonprofit organization to establish 
a Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce Coordi-
nation Hub (in this section referred to as the ‘Hub’). 
‘‘(b) CONSORTIUM.—The Consortium established 
pursuant to subsection (a) shall include not fewer than 
four institutions of higher education, including not fewer 
than two community colleges, and may include career and 
technical schools, nonprofit organizations, and private sec-
tor entities. 
‘‘(c) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this Hub shall be 
to— 
‘‘(1) identify and address cross-cutting work-
force development challenges in quantum informa-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00046
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
tion science, engineering, and technology, and the 
quantum industry, by serving as a national and re-
gional clearinghouse; and 
‘‘(2) facilitate the establishment of programs to 
disseminate to institutions of higher education and 
career and technical education entities model cur-
ricula, best practices, and instructional materials. 
‘‘(d) ACTIVITIES.—The activities of the Hub may in-
clude the following: 
‘‘(1) Testing, implementing, scaling, dissemi-
nating, and standardizing materials, methods, best 
practices, and other outputs developed through ac-
tivities under this Act. 
‘‘(2) Increasing the integration of quantum in-
formation science, engineering, and technology con-
tent into STEM curricula at all education levels, in-
cluding career and technical education programs. 
‘‘(3) Providing opportunities for STEM degree 
students to provide feedback on quantum informa-
tion science, engineering, and technology curricula. 
‘‘(4) Facilitating post-education employment 
opportunities and workforce pathways for STEM de-
gree recipients in quantum-related industries, includ-
ing by facilitating opportunities for internships, 
externships, fellowships, and other such activities as 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00047
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
determined by the Director, including through the 
establishment and maintenance of a publicly acces-
sible online portal. 
‘‘(5) Coordinating with quantum industry and 
nonprofit entities to inform and enhance the quality 
and availability of quantum education in STEM de-
gree programs, including through the promotion of 
post-graduation opportunities for STEM students 
outside the classroom to increase exposure to quan-
tum industries. 
‘‘(6) Supporting activities and programs to en-
hance the recruitment of students from groups his-
torically underrepresented in STEM to pursue un-
dergraduate and graduate studies in quantum infor-
mation science, engineering, and technology. 
‘‘(7) Developing, testing, implementing, and co-
ordinating career development programs and strate-
gies for pre-university and university educators for 
the purpose of increasing the number of quantum- 
informed educators at all levels of education, includ-
ing by carrying out the following: 
‘‘(A) Hosting career development work-
shops. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00048
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(B) Developing in-house and distance 
learning career development tools for public 
use. 
‘‘(C) Facilitating access to related quan-
tum technology, tools, and resources. 
‘‘(D) Developing training, research, and 
professional development programs, including 
innovative pre-service and in-service programs. 
‘‘(E) Facilitating relationships with State 
and local entities to increase awareness of and 
promote quantum-related career development 
activities at the Hub. 
‘‘(8) Establishing a framework for performing 
ongoing regular data collection and analysis for the 
quantum workforce to report on trends, and perform 
other activities that expand the understanding of the 
current and future needs of the quantum industry, 
and education capacity or readiness of the pipeline. 
Such activities shall complement or align with, as 
relevant, authorized quantum and STEM workforce 
studies under section 10661(d) of the Research and 
Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 
U.S.C. 19261(d)). 
‘‘(9) Facilitating public education and outreach 
activities to enhance the understanding and aware-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00049
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
ness of quantum information science, engineering, 
and technology to a boarder community to satisfy 
broader impact requirements of award applications. 
‘‘(10) Encouraging coordination on quantum 
education in the broader STEM community. 
‘‘(e) QREW QUANTUM FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.— 
Subject to the restrictions outlined in subsection (c)(2) of 
section 401, the Hub may establish and administer a pro-
gram to support education or policy fellowships for stu-
dents at entities participating in the consortium under 
subsection (a) or at other research centers established pur-
suant to this Act at the National Science Foundation, the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology, the De-
partment of Energy, or the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, for the purpose of supporting the 
activities described in subsection (d)(4). 
‘‘(f) INDUSTRY COORDINATION.—The Hub shall col-
laborate with the Quantum Economic Development Con-
sortium established in section 301 or other industry con-
sortia to identify, publish, facilitate, or enable quantum- 
related education and workforce development opportuni-
ties as described in subsections (c) and (d). 
‘‘(g) APPLICATION.—A consortium seeking funding 
under this section shall submit to the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation an application at such time, in 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00050
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
such manner, and containing such information as the Di-
rector may require. Each application shall include a de-
scription of how the consortium shall carry out the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(1) Contribute to the success of the Hub and 
fulfill the purposes of the Hub. 
‘‘(2) Include industry participation in fulfilling 
the purposes of the Hub. 
‘‘(3) Collaborate with other members to share 
expertise 
in 
integrating 
quantum 
information 
science, engineering, and technology into existing 
STEM programs and other relevant fields and dis-
ciplines. 
‘‘(4) Support long-term and short-term work-
force development in the quantum field. 
‘‘(5) Develop and implement outreach activities 
to increase the participation of women and other 
students from groups historically underrepresented 
in STEM. 
‘‘(h) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Hub established under 
this section is authorized to carry out activities for 
a period of 5 years. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00051
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(2) REAPPLICATION.—An awardee may re-
apply for an additional, subsequent period of 5 years 
following a successful, merit-based review. 
‘‘(3) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the au-
thorities of the National Science Foundation, the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation may ter-
minate the Hub if it is underperforming during the 
performance period. 
‘‘(i) COORDINATION.—The Hub shall coordinate with 
other research centers established under this Act at the 
National Science Foundation, the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, the Department of Energy, 
and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 
and other relevant Federal agencies, as appropriate, on 
activities and resources. 
‘‘(j) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation shall allocate up to 
$10,000,000 for the Hub for each of fiscal years 
2024–2028, subject to the availability of appropria-
tions. 
‘‘(2) SOURCE.—Amounts made available to 
carry out this section shall be derived from amounts 
appropriated or otherwise made available to the Na-
tional Science Foundation. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00052
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘SEC. 304. QUANTUM TESTBEDS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the National 
Science Foundation, in coordination with the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other Federal agen-
cies, as determined appropriate by the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation, shall make awards on a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed basis to institutions of higher edu-
cation, nonprofit organizations, or consortia thereof, to es-
tablish and operate testbeds for quantum applications re-
search and development. 
‘‘(b) PURPOSES.—The quantum testbeds established 
under subsection (a) shall focus on advancing research 
and development for near-term and medium-term quan-
tum application use cases by providing accessible research 
resources to academia and industry for developing and 
testing such use cases, including through proof-of-concept 
testing, demonstrations, pilot projects, and prototyping. 
‘‘(c) APPLICATION. PROPOSALS.—An applicant for an 
award under this section shall submit to the Director a 
proposal at such time, in such manner, and containing 
such information as the Director may reasonably require. 
The proposal shall, at a minimum, describe the following: 
‘‘(1) How the applicant will assemble a work-
force, including from populations that are histori-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00053
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
cally underrepresented in STEM, with the skills 
needed to operate a quantum testbed. 
‘‘(2) How the applicant will ensure broad access 
to a quantum testbed, including for start-ups and 
small businesses. 
‘‘(3) How a quantum testbed will operate after 
Federal funding has ended. 
‘‘(d) ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Director 
of the National Science Foundation shall be responsible 
for the following: 
‘‘(1) Maintaining a record of notable outcomes 
from each quantum testbed established under this 
section. 
‘‘(2) Partnering with other Federal agencies to 
enable opportunities for quantum testbed outcomes 
to be appropriately taken up by such agencies in 
alignment with the missions of such agencies. 
‘‘(3) Not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this section and every two years 
thereafter until December 31, 2030, briefing the ap-
propriate committees of Congress on the success of 
such quantum testbeds and providing recommenda-
tions for improving such quantum testbeds. 
‘‘(e) 
COORDINATION.—In 
establishing 
quantum 
testbeds under this section, the Director of the National 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00054
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
Science Foundation shall ensure coordination with other 
testbeds and other quantum facilities hosting Federal 
quantum technology and infrastructure supported by the 
National Science Foundation, including those authorized 
pursuant to section 10390 of the Research and Develop-
ment, Competition, and Innovation Act (Public Law 117– 
167; 42 U.S.C. 10990), or by other Federal agencies as 
determined appropriate by the Director, to avoid duplica-
tion and maximize use of Federal resources. 
‘‘(f) STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION.—In carrying 
out this section, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall collaborate with the Quantum Economic 
Development Consortium established pursuant to section 
301 to accomplish the purposes of the quantum testbeds 
program described in paragraph (b) and ensure there is 
strong collaboration with industry stakeholders. The Di-
rector may also engage with National Laboratories, feder-
ally funded research and development centers, industry, 
and other members of the United States quantum eco-
system. 
‘‘(g) GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.—The Director shall 
ensure regional and geographic diversity in issuing awards 
under this section. 
‘‘(h) FUNDING.— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00055
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation shall allocate up to 
$50,000,000 for the establishment and operation of 
quantum testbeds under this section for each fiscal 
years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability 
of appropriations. 
‘‘(2) SOURCE.—Amounts made available to 
carry out this section shall be derived from amounts 
appropriated or otherwise made available to the Na-
tional Science Foundation.’’. 
SEC. 16. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM INFORMA-
TION SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM. 
Section 401 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
(15 U.S.C. 8851) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
carry out a research, development, and demonstration pro-
gram on quantum information science, engineering, and 
technology.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘, engi-
neering, and technology’’ after ‘‘science’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00056
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), 
and (5) as paragraphs (5), (6), and (7), respec-
tively; 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(3) operate National Quantum Information 
Science Research Centers to accelerate and scale up 
scientific and technical breakthroughs in quantum 
information science, engineering, and technology, 
and maintain state-of-the-art infrastructure for 
quantum researchers and industry partners, in ac-
cordance with section 202; 
‘‘(4) conduct cooperative research with indus-
try, National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
education, and other research institutions to facili-
tate the development and demonstration of quantum 
information science, engineering, and technology, in-
cluding in the fields of— 
‘‘(A) quantum information theory; 
‘‘(B) quantum physics; 
‘‘(C) quantum computational science, in-
cluding hardware and software, including artifi-
cial intelligence, machine learning and data 
science; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00057
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(D) applied mathematics and algorithm 
development; 
‘‘(E) quantum communications and net-
working, including hardware and software for 
quantum communications and networking; 
‘‘(F) quantum sensing and detection; 
‘‘(G) materials science and engineering; 
‘‘(H) quantum modeling and simulation, 
including molecular modeling; 
‘‘(I) near- and long-term application devel-
opment in a range of areas as determined by 
the Secretary, such as materials discovery, cy-
bersecurity, energy storage and electric grid 
management. financial modeling, energy stor-
age, traffic optimization, and improved weather 
climate forecasting; 
‘‘(J) quantum chemistry; 
‘‘(K) quantum biology; 
‘‘(L) superconductive and high-perform-
ance microelectronics; and 
‘‘(M) quantum security technologies;’’; 
(D) by amending paragraph (5), as so re-
designated, to read as follows: 
‘‘(5) provide research experiences and training 
for additional undergraduate and graduate students 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00058
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
in quantum information science, engineering, and 
technology, including in the fields specified in para-
graph (4);’’; 
(E) in paragraph (6), as so redesignated— 
(i) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
(ii) by redesignating subparagraph 
(F) as subparagraph (J); and 
(iii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(E) the following new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(F) the Office of Electricity; 
‘‘(G) the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy 
Security, and Emergency Response; 
‘‘(H) the Office of Fossil Energy and Car-
bon Management; 
‘‘(I) the Office of Technology Transitions; 
and’’; 
(F) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, 
by striking the period and inserting ‘‘and other 
relevant efforts as defined by the Secretary of 
Energy; and’’; and 
(G) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(8) leverage the collective body of knowledge 
and data, including experience and resources from 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00059
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
existing Federal research activities and commercially 
available quantum computing hardware and software 
to the extent practicable.’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) QUANTUM HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING 
STRATEGIC PLAN.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this subsection, the Secretary of En-
ergy shall submit to Congress a report containing a 10- 
year strategic plan to guide Federal programs in design-
ing, expanding, commercializing, and procuring hybrid, 
high performance computing systems featuring the ability 
to integrate a diverse set of resources, including artificial 
intelligence, and machine learning accelerated by quantum 
supercomputers to enable the Department of Energy’s 
computing facilities to continuously advance computing re-
sources. Such strategic plan shall include the following: 
‘‘(1) A conceptual plan to leverage capabilities 
and infrastructure from the exascale computing pro-
gram, as the Secretary of Energy determines nec-
essary. 
‘‘(2) A plan to minimize disruptions to the ad-
vanced scientific computing workforce. 
‘‘(3) A consideration of a diversity of quantum 
computing modalities. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00060
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(4) A plan to integrate cloud access of com-
mercially available quantum hardware and software 
to complement on-premises high performance com-
puting systems and resources consistent with section 
404 of the CHIPS and Science Act. 
‘‘(d) INDUSTRY OUTREACH.—In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a) the Secretary of Energy 
shall support the quantum technology industry and pro-
mote commercialization of applications of quantum tech-
nology relevant to the Department’s activities by carrying 
out the following: 
‘‘(1) Educating— 
‘‘(A) the energy industry on near term and 
commercially available quantum technologies; 
and 
‘‘(B) the quantum industry on potential 
energy applications. 
‘‘(2) Accelerating the advancements of the 
United States quantum computing, communications, 
and networking, sensing and security capabilities to 
protect and optimize the energy sector. 
‘‘(3) 
Advancing 
relevant 
domestic 
supply 
chains, manufacturing capabilities, and associated 
simulations or modeling capabilities. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00061
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(4) Facilitating commercialization of quantum 
technologies from the Department of Energy na-
tional labs and engaging with the Quantum Eco-
nomic Development Consortium and other organiza-
tions, as applicable, to transition component tech-
nologies to help facilitate, as appropriate, the devel-
opment of a quantum supply chain. 
‘‘(e) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be ap-
propriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of 
Science in section 10102(a)(4) of the Research and Devel-
opment, Competition, and Innovation Act (Public Law 
117–167), there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary to carry out the activities under this section up 
to $130,000,000 for each fiscal years 2024 through 
2027.’’. 
SEC. 17. DOE QUANTUM INSTRUMENTATION AND FOUNDRY 
PROGRAM. 
Title IV of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 
U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 
401 the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 401A. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM INSTRU-
MENTATION AND FOUNDRY PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
establish an instrumentation and infrastructure program 
to carry out the following: 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00062
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) Maintain United States leadership in 
quantum information science, engineering, and tech-
nology. 
‘‘(2) Develop domestic quantum supply chains. 
‘‘(3) Provide resources for the broader scientific 
community. 
‘‘(4) Support activities carried out under sec-
tions 401, 403, and 404. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy 
shall develop, design, build, purchase, and commercialize 
specialized equipment, laboratory infrastructure, and 
state-of-the-art instrumentation to advance quantum engi-
neering research and the development of quantum compo-
nent technologies at a scale sufficient to meet the needs 
of the scientific community and enable commercialization 
of quantum technology. 
‘‘(c) QUANTUM FOUNDRIES.—In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), and in coordination part-
nership with institutions of higher education and industry, 
the Secretary of Energy shall support the development of 
quantum foundries focused on meeting the device, hard-
ware, software, and materials needs of the scientific com-
munity and the quantum supply chain. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00063
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(d) FUNDING.—The Secretary of Energy shall allo-
cate up to $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 
through 2028 to carry out this section, subject to the 
availability of appropriations. Amounts made available to 
carry out this section shall be derived from amounts ap-
propriated or otherwise made available to the Department 
of Energy’s Office of Science.’’. 
SEC. 18. NATIONAL QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE RE-
SEARCH CENTERS. 
Section 402 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
(15 U.S.C. 8852) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘ESTAB-
LISHMENT’’ and inserting ‘‘REAUTHORIZA-
TION’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘establish’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘maintain’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘basic’’; 
(iii) by striking ‘‘science and tech-
nology’’ and inserting ‘‘science, engineer-
ing, and technology, expand capacity for 
the domestic quantum workforce,’’; and 
(iv) by striking ‘‘section 401’’ and in-
serting ‘‘sections 401, 403, and 404’’; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00064
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(C) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting ‘‘that 
may include one or more commercial entities,’’ 
after ‘‘collaborations,’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting ‘‘, and should 
be inclusive of the variety of viable quantum tech-
nologies, where appropriate’’ before the period; 
(3) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘, engineer-
ing, and technology, accelerating quantum workforce 
development,’’ after ‘‘science’’; 
(4) in subsection (d)(1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
subparagraph (E); and 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) the Office of Technology Transitions; 
and’’; 
(5) in subsection (e), by amending paragraph 
(2) to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) 
RENEWAL.—Each 
Center 
established 
under this section may be renewed for an additional 
period of 5 years following a successful, merit-based 
review and approval by the Director.’’; and 
(6) in subsection (f)— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00065
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(A) by striking ‘‘$25,000,000’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘$35,000,000’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘2019 through 2023’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2024 through 2028’’. 
SEC. 19. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK IN-
FRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAM. 
Section 403 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
(15 U.S.C. 8853) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘, including’’ after 
‘‘networking’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semi-
colon; 
(B) in paragraph (5), by striking the pe-
riod and inserting a semicolon; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraphs: 
‘‘(6) where applicable, leverage a diversity of 
modalities and commercially available quantum 
hardware and software; and 
‘‘(7) develop education and training pathways 
related to quantum network infrastructure invest-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00066
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
ments, aligned with existing programmatic invest-
ments by the Department of Energy.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(C) and (D) as subparagraphs (D) and 
(E), respectively; and 
(ii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(B) the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(C) the Administrator of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration;’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘ground-to-space and’’ after ‘‘channels,’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘photon-based’’ and inserting ‘‘all applica-
ble modalities of’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (F), by inserting 
‘‘, quantum sensors,’’ after ‘‘quantum re-
peaters’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (G)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘data centers,’’ 
after ‘‘repeaters,’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘and’’ after the 
semicolon; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00067
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(v) in subparagraph (H)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘the quantum 
technology 
stack’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘quantum 
technology 
modality 
stacks’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘National Lab-
oratories in’’ and inserting ‘‘National 
Laboratories such as’’; and 
(vi) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(I) development of quantum network and 
entanglement distribution protocols or applica-
tions, including development of network stack 
protocols and protocols enabling integration 
with existing technologies or infrastructure; and 
‘‘(J) development of high efficiency room- 
temperature photon detectors for quantum 
photonic applications, including quantum net-
working and communications;’’; 
(C) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘basic’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘material’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘materials’’; and 
(D) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘funda-
mental’’; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00068
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(3) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘basic re-
search’’ and inserting ‘‘research, development, and 
demonstration’’. 
SEC. 20. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPAN-
SION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PRO-
GRAM. 
Section 404 of the of the National Quantum Initia-
tive Act (15 U.S.C. 8854) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘and quantum computing clouds’’ 
and inserting ‘‘, software, and cloud-based 
quantum’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking the pe-
riod and inserting a semicolon; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraphs: 
‘‘(5) to enable development of software and ap-
plications, including estimation of resources needed 
to scale applications; and 
‘‘(6) to develop near-term quantum applications 
to solve public and private sector problems.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00069
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(A) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; 
(B) in paragraph (5), by striking the pe-
riod and inserting a semicolon; and 
(C) by at the end the following new para-
graphs: 
‘‘(6) enables users to develop algorithms, soft-
ware tools, simulators, and applications for quantum 
systems using cloud-based quantum computers; and 
‘‘(7) partner with appropriate public and pri-
vate sector entities to develop training and education 
opportunities on prototype and early-state devices.’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), 
(6), (7), and (8) and paragraphs (5), (6), (7), 
(8), and (9), respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(4) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration;’’; and 
(4) in subsection (e)— 
(A) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; 
(B) in paragraph (5), by striking the pe-
riod and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00070
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(6) $38,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.’’. 
SEC. 21. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINIS-
TRATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES. 
The National Quantum Initiative Act is amended by 
adding at the end the following new title: 
‘‘TITLE 
V—NATIONAL 
AERO-
NAUTICS AND SPACE ADMIN-
ISTRATION QUANTUM ACTIVI-
TIES 
‘‘SEC. 501. QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE, ENGINEER-
ING, 
AND 
TECHNOLOGY 
RESEARCH 
FOR 
SPACE AND AERONAUTICS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration is authorized 
to carry out basic and applied research on quantum infor-
mation science, engineering, and technology. 
‘‘(b) COOPERATION.—In carrying out subsection (a), 
the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration— 
‘‘(1) shall consider cooperative arrangements 
with the Department of Energy and other Federal 
Government agencies, as practicable, on areas of 
shared benefit; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00071
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(2) may enter into memoranda of under-
standing or memoranda of agreement to establish 
such cooperative arrangements. 
‘‘(c) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this title, the Administrator of 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a strat-
egy for National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
basic and applied research on quantum information 
science, engineering, and technology. The strategy shall 
identify resources required to support implementation of 
the strategy, including budgets, workforce, and infrastruc-
ture, describe cooperative efforts with other Federal Gov-
ernment agencies, and address areas of research and ap-
plications, including the following: 
‘‘(1) Quantum sensing. 
‘‘(2) Quantum networking. 
‘‘(3) Quantum communications, including quan-
tum satellite communications. 
‘‘(4) Quantum computing. 
‘‘(5) Science, aeronautics, and exploration-re-
lated applications. 
‘‘(6) Any other area on quantum information, 
science, engineering, and technology the Adminis-
trator determines necessary. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00072
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(d) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strategy de-
scribed in subsection (c), the Administrator may seek 
input from relevant external stakeholders, including insti-
tutions of higher education, industry, and nonprofit re-
search organizations. 
‘‘SEC. 502. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINIS-
TRATION QUANTUM INSTITUTE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of ap-
propriations, the Administrator of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration, in consultation with 
the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, as 
appropriate, may establish and operate an institute fo-
cused on space and aeronautics applications of quantum 
information science, engineering, and technology. 
‘‘(b) INSTITUTE DETAILS.— 
‘‘(1) COMPETITIVE, MERIT-REVIEWED
PROC-
ESS.—The institute under this section shall be es-
tablished through a competitive, merit-reviewed proc-
ess. 
‘‘(2) 
APPLICATIONS.—An 
eligible 
applicant 
under this section shall submit to the Administrator 
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion an application at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Adminis-
trator determines to be appropriate. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00073
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE
APPLICANTS.—The Adminis-
trator of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration shall consider applications from institu-
tions of higher education, research centers, multi-in-
stitutional collaborations, and any other entity that 
the Administrator determines to be appropriate. 
‘‘(4) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration that 
receives an award under this section may include 
multiple types of research institutions, private sector 
entities, and nonprofit organizations. 
‘‘(5) COORDINATION.—The Administrator of 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
shall ensure an awardee under this section coordi-
nates with, and avoids unnecessary duplication of, 
the activities carried out under this section with ex-
isting activities of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, other activities carried out 
under this Act, and other related programs, as ap-
propriate. 
‘‘(6) COMMERCIAL
TECHNOLOGY.—The insti-
tute under this section may leverage commercially- 
available hardware and software to carry out the ac-
tivities described in subsection (c). 
‘‘(c) INSTITUTE ACTIVITIES.—The institute under 
this section may carry out activities that— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00074
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) support basic and applied research focused 
on developing space and aeronautics applications for 
quantum information science, engineering, and tech-
nology, including as related to the results of the 
strategy under section 501(c); and 
‘‘(2) support quantum information science, en-
gineering, and technology education and public out-
reach. 
‘‘(d) INSTITUTE REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum 
extent practicable, the institute under this section shall 
serve the needs of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration, for the benefit of the broader United States 
quantum information science community, to create and 
develop processes for the purpose of advancing space and 
aeronautics applications in quantum information science, 
engineering, and technology, and improving the competi-
tiveness of the United States. 
‘‘(e) INSTITUTE SELECTION AND DURATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability 
of appropriations, the institute under this section 
may carry out activities for a period of 5 years. 
‘‘(2) REAPPLICATION.—Subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, an awardee may reapply 
for an additional, subsequent period of 5 years fol-
lowing a successful, merit-based review. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00075
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘(3) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the au-
thorities of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration, the Administrator of the National Aer-
onautics and Space Administration may terminate 
the institute for cause during the performance pe-
riod. 
‘‘SEC. 503. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
‘‘The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration shall allocate up to $25,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out this 
title, subject to the availability of appropriations. Amounts 
made available to carry out this title shall be derived from 
amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.’’. 
SEC. 22. CLERICAL AMENDMENTS. 
The table of contents in section 1(b) of the National 
Quantum Initiative Act is amended as follows: 
(1) By inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 105 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 105A. International Quantum Cooperation Strategy.’’. 
(2) By inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 201 the following new items: 
‘‘Sec. 202. National Institute of Standards and Technology Quantum Centers.’’ 
(3) By inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 302 the following new items: 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00076
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS
‘‘Sec. 303. Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordina-
tion Hub. 
‘‘Sec. 304. Quantum testbeds.’’ 
(4) By inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 401 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 401A. Department of Energy Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry 
Program.’’. 
(5) By adding at the end the following new 
items: 
‘‘TITLE V—NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 
ADMINISTRATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES 
‘‘Sec. 501. Quantum information science, engineering, and technology research 
for space and aeronautics. 
‘‘Sec. 502. National Aeronautics and Space Administration quantum institute. 
‘‘Sec. 503. Authorization of appropriations.’’. 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:32 Nov 14, 2023
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00077
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\H6213.IH
H6213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS