I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 651 
To require the Federal Communications Commission to auction spectrum 
in the band between 1.3 gigahertz and 13.2 gigahertz, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 23, 2025 
Mr. ALLEN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 
on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To require the Federal Communications Commission to auc-
tion spectrum in the band between 1.3 gigahertz and 
13.2 gigahertz, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Spectrum Pipeline Act 
of 2025’’. 
SEC. 2. IDENTIFICATION OF SPECTRUM FOR REALLOCA-
TION AND AUCTION. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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(1) 
APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-
gress’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives. 
(2) ASSISTANT SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Assist-
ant Secretary’’ means the Assistant Secretary of 
Commerce for Communications and Information. 
(3) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ 
means the Federal Communications Commission. 
(4) COVERED
BAND.—The term ‘‘covered 
band’’ means the band of frequencies between 1.3 
gigahertz and 13.2 gigahertz. 
(5) FEDERAL ENTITY.—The term ‘‘Federal en-
tity’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
113(l) of the National Telecommunications and In-
formation Administration Organization Act (47 
U.S.C. 923(l)). 
(6) FULL-POWER COMMERCIAL LICENSED USE 
CASES.—The term ‘‘full-power commercial licensed 
use cases’’ means flexible use wireless broadband 
services with base station power levels sufficient for 
high-power, high-density, and wide-area commercial 
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mobile services, consistent with the service rules 
under part 27 of title 47, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, or any successor regulations, for wireless 
broadband deployments throughout the covered 
band. 
(b) IDENTIFICATION FOR REALLOCATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Assistant Secretary, in 
consultation with the Commission, shall identify not 
less than 2500 megahertz of spectrum in the covered 
band, that as of the date of enactment of this Act 
is allocated for Federal use or for shared Federal 
and non-Federal use, for reallocation for non-Fed-
eral use, shared Federal and non-Federal use, or a 
combination thereof, including not less than 1250 
megahertz for full-power commercial licensed use 
cases. 
(2) SCHEDULE.—The Assistant Secretary shall 
identify the spectrum under paragraph (1) according 
to the following schedule: 
(A) Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Sec-
retary shall identify not less than 1250 mega-
hertz of spectrum. 
(B) Not later than 5 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Sec-
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retary shall identify any remaining spectrum re-
quired to be identified under paragraph (1) 
after compliance with subparagraph (A) of this 
paragraph. 
(c) AUCTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—With respect to the spec-
trum identified for reallocation under subsection (b) 
for commercial licensed use, the Commission shall 
grant licenses through systems of competitive bid-
ding for not less than 1250 megahertz of the spec-
trum for full-power commercial licensed use cases. 
(2) SCHEDULE.—The Commission shall auction 
the spectrum under paragraph (1) according to the 
following schedule: 
(A) Not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall 
complete 1 or more systems of competitive bid-
ding for not less than 600 megahertz of the 
spectrum. 
(B) Not later than 6 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall 
complete 1 or more systems of competitive bid-
ding for any remaining spectrum required to be 
auctioned under paragraph (1) after compliance 
with subparagraph (A) of this paragraph. 
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(d) UNLICENSED USE.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall 
make available on an unlicensed basis not less than 125 
megahertz of the spectrum in the covered band. 
(e) LICENSED OR UNLICENSED USE.—Not later than 
8 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Com-
mission shall make available for use on a licensed or unli-
censed basis any remaining spectrum that is— 
(1) identified under subsection (b); and 
(2) not— 
(A) auctioned under subsection (c); or 
(B) made available on an unlicensed basis 
under subsection (d). 
(f) AUCTION PROCEEDS TO COVER 110 PERCENT OF 
FEDERAL RELOCATION OR SHARING COSTS.—Nothing in 
this section shall be construed to relieve the Commission 
from the requirements under section 309(j)(16)(B) of the 
Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 309(j)(16)(B)). 
(g) AUCTION AUTHORITY.—Section 309(j)(11) of the 
Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 309(j)(11)) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘grant a license or permit under 
this subsection shall expire March 9, 2023’’ and in-
serting ‘‘complete a system of competitive bidding 
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under this subsection shall expire September 30, 
2027’’; 
(2) by striking ‘‘and with respect to’’ and in-
serting ‘‘with respect to’’; and 
(3) by inserting before the period at the end the 
following: ‘‘, and with respect to the electromagnetic 
spectrum in the covered band (as defined in section 
2(a) of the Spectrum Pipeline Act of 2025), such 
authority shall expire on the date that is 8 years 
after the date of enactment of that Act’’. 
(h) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
AND QUARTERLY 
BRIEFINGS.— 
(1) NTIA PROGRESS
REPORT
ON
SPECTRUM 
IDENTIFICATION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—On each date as of 
which the Assistant Secretary, in consultation 
with the Commission, has identified the quan-
tity of spectrum required under subparagraph 
(A) or (B), respectively, of subsection (b)(2), 
the Assistant Secretary shall submit to the ap-
propriate committees of Congress a report de-
tailing the findings and conclusions that the As-
sistant Secretary used to support the identifica-
tion. 
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(B) CONTENTS.—The Assistant Secretary 
shall include in each report submitted under 
subparagraph (A)— 
(i) an analysis of the spectrum identi-
fied; and 
(ii) the Federal entities with which 
the Assistant Secretary coordinated re-
garding the spectrum identified. 
(C) FORM OF REPORT.—Each report re-
quired under subparagraph (A) shall be sub-
mitted in unclassified form, but may contain a 
classified annex. 
(2) NTIA AND FCC REPORTS ON REALLOCA-
TION OF SPECTRUM IDENTIFIED.— 
(A) INITIAL
PROGRESS
REPORT.—Not 
later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Assistant Secretary, in consulta-
tion with the Commission, shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on 
the progress of the Assistant Secretary in iden-
tifying spectrum in the covered band for re-
allocation under subsection (b) that includes— 
(i) an assessment of the operations of 
the Federal entities and non-Federal enti-
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ties that operate in the spectrum in the 
covered band; and 
(ii) a preliminary analysis of which 
portions of the covered band are being con-
sidered for reallocation in accordance with 
subsection (b)(1). 
(B) REPORTS ON 2 TRANCHES OF IDENTI-
FIED SPECTRUM.—Not later than 60 days after 
each date as of which the Assistant Secretary, 
in consultation with the Commission, has iden-
tified the quantity of spectrum required under 
subparagraph (A) or (B), respectively, of sub-
section (b)(2), the Assistant Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Commission, shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress a re-
port that includes— 
(i) an assessment of the operations of 
the Federal entities and non-Federal enti-
ties that operate in the applicable spec-
trum, current as of the date of the submis-
sion of the report; 
(ii) the steps the President has taken 
to begin the process of withdrawing or 
modifying the assignments of Federal enti-
ties in the covered band as necessary for 
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