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efforts to establish a radiological security zone 
program. 
(I) An estimate of the costs associated with 
the implementation of a radiological security 
zone program. 
(J) An assessment of the known locations 
outside the United States housing high-risk radi-
ological materials in excess of 1,000 curies. 
(4) FORM.—The study required under paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
include a classified annex. 
(d) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees 
of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Af-
fairs, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 3134. REPORT ON LEGACY URANIUM MINES. 
(a) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
undertake a review of, and prepare a report on, aban-
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doned uranium mines at which uranium ore was 
mined for the weapons program of the United States 
(hereinafter referred to as ‘‘legacy uranium mines’’). 
(2) MATTERS TO BE ADDRESSED.—The report 
shall describe and analyze— 
(A) the location of the legacy uranium 
mines on Federal, State, tribal, and private 
land, taking into account any existing inven-
tories undertaken by Federal agencies, States, 
and Indian tribes, and any additional informa-
tion available to the Secretary; 
(B) the extent to which the legacy uranium 
mines— 
(i) may pose a potential and signifi-
cant radiation health hazard to the public; 
(ii) may pose some other threat to pub-
lic health and safety hazard; 
(iii) have caused, or may cause, deg-
radation of water quality; and 
(iv) have caused, or may cause, envi-
ronmental degradation; 
(C) a ranking of priority by category for 
the remediation and reclamation of the legacy 
uranium mines; 
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(D) the potential cost and feasibility of re-
mediating and reclaiming, in accordance with 
applicable Federal law, each category of legacy 
uranium mines; and 
(E) the status of any efforts to remediate 
and reclaim legacy uranium mines. 
(b) RECOMMENDATIONS.—The report shall— 
(1) make recommendations as to how to ensure 
most feasibly and effectively and expeditiously that 
the public health and safety, water resources, and the 
environment will be protected from the adverse effects 
of legacy uranium mines; and 
(2) make recommendations on changes, if any, to 
Federal law to address the remediation and reclama-
tion of legacy uranium mines. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In preparing the report, the Sec-
retary of Energy shall consult with any other relevant Fed-
eral agencies, affected States and Indian tribes, and inter-
ested members of the public. 
(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of En-
ergy shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen-
ate and the appropriate Committees of the House of Rep-
resentatives— 
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(1) the report; and 
(2) the plan and timeframe of the Secretary of 
Energy for implementing those recommendations of 
the report that do not require legislation. 
SEC. 3135. COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED 
STATES REVIEW OF PROJECTS CARRIED OUT 
BY OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGE-
MENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PUR-
SUANT TO THE AMERICAN RECOVERY AND 
REINVESTMENT ACT OF 2009. 
Section 3134 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 
2713) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘The 
Comptroller General shall conduct a review dur-
ing the period described in paragraph (2), of the 
following:’’ and inserting ‘‘Beginning on the date 
of the submittal of the report required under sub-
section (b)(2), the Comptroller General shall con-
duct a review of the following:’’; 
(B) by striking paragraph (2); 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
paragraph (2); and 
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(D) in paragraph (2), as redesignated by 
subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘the end of the pe-
riod described in paragraph (2)’’ and inserting 
‘‘August 30, 2012’’; and 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Begin-
ning on the date on which the Comptroller Gen-
eral submits the last report required under sub-
section (c)(3), the Comptroller General shall con-
duct a review of the following:’’ and inserting 
‘‘Following the submittal of the final report re-
quired under subsection (c)(2), the Comptroller 
General shall conduct a review of the following:’’; 
and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘Not 
later than 90 days after submitting the last re-
port required under subsection (c)(3)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Within seven months after receiving no-
tification that all American Recovery and Rein-
vestment Act funds have been expended, but not 
later than April 30, 2016’’. 
Subtitle D—Other Matters 
SEC. 3141. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON OVERSIGHT OF THE 
NUCLEAR SECURITY ENTERPRISE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following findings: 
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(1) In 2000, the National Nuclear Security Ad-
ministration was established as an independent entity 
within the Department of Energy to manage and se-
cure the nuclear weapons stockpile of the United 
States and to manage nuclear nonproliferation and 
naval reactor programs. 
(2) Serious security and health incidents con-
tinue to occur at sites of the National Nuclear Secu-
rity Administration. 
(3) In September 2012, an official of the Govern-
ment Accountability Office testified to Congress that 
lax laboratory attitudes toward safety procedures, lab-
oratory inadequacies in identifying and addressing 
safety problems with appropriate corrective actions, 
and inadequate oversight by site offices of the Na-
tional Nuclear Security Administration were respon-
sible for nearly 100 safety incidents since 2000. 
(4) On July 28, 2012, three unarmed individuals 
compromised security at the Y–12 National Security 
Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and according to 
the Government Accountability Office, ‘‘gained access 
to the protected security area directly adjacent to one 
of the nation’s most critically important nuclear 
weapons-related facilities’’. 
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(5) In June 2006, hackers attacked an unclassi-
fied computer system at the National Nuclear Secu-
rity Administration’s Service Center in Albuquerque, 
New Mexico, and gained access to a file containing 
the names and social security numbers of more than 
1,500 employees of the National Nuclear Security Ad-
ministration. 
(6) As early as February 2005, the Inspector 
General of the Department of Energy identified prob-
lems with the retrieval of badges from terminated em-
ployees at Los Alamos National Laboratory and other 
sites of the National Nuclear Security Administra-
tion. 
(7) In 2004, a pattern of safety and security in-
cidents that occurred over the course of a year 
prompted the stand-down of Los Alamos National 
Laboratory. 
(8) The National Nuclear Security Administra-
tion, independent of the safety and security reform ef-
forts of the Department of Energy, has launched an 
overhaul of its contracting oversight, placing an em-
phasis on contractor self-policing through an untested 
‘‘contractor assurance’’ approach. 
(9) The Government Accountability Office has 
given the contractor administration and project man-
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agement capabilities of the National Nuclear Security 
Administration a ‘‘high risk’’ designation and found 
there to be insufficient qualified Federal acquisition 
professionals to ‘‘plan, direct, and oversee project exe-
cution’’. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) there is a need for strong, independent over-
sight of the United States nuclear security enterprise; 
(2) any attempt to reform oversight of the nu-
clear security enterprise that transfers oversight from 
the Department of Energy to the National Nuclear 
Security Administration, reduces protections for 
worker health and safety at facilities of the National 
Nuclear Security Administration to levels below the 
standards of the Department of Energy, or transfers 
construction appropriations for the nuclear security 
enterprise from the Department of Energy appropria-
tion account to the military construction appropria-
tion account, should be carefully evaluated; 
(3) the Office of Health, Safety, and Security of 
the Department of Energy, which reports to the Sec-
retary of Energy but is also accountable for routinely 
reporting to Congress on the performance with respect 
to safety and security of the Department, including 
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the National Nuclear Security Administration, and 
the role of that Office in overseeing safety and secu-
rity at the National Nuclear Security Administra-
tion, should not be diminished but should be routinely 
evaluated; 
(4) any future modifications to the management 
or structure of the nuclear security enterprise should 
be done in a way that maintains or increases over-
sight of critical construction, security, and acquisi-
tion capabilities; 
(5) to the extent possible, oversight of programs 
of the National Nuclear Security Administration by 
the Department of Defense should increase to ensure 
current and future warfighting requirements are met; 
and 
(6) the Nuclear Weapons Council should provide 
proper oversight in the execution of its responsibilities 
under section 179 of title 10, United States Code. 
Subtitle E—American Medical 
Isotopes Production 
SEC. 3151. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘American Medical 
Isotopes Production Act of 2012’’. 
SEC. 3152. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
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(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
(2) HIGHLY
ENRICHED
URANIUM.—The term 
‘‘highly enriched uranium’’ means uranium enriched 
to 20 percent or greater in the isotope U–235. 
(3) LOW ENRICHED URANIUM.—The term ‘‘low 
enriched uranium’’ means uranium enriched to less 
than 20 percent in the isotope U–235. 
(4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy. 
SEC. 3153. IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF DOMESTIC 
MEDICAL ISOTOPE SUPPLY. 
(a) MEDICAL ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out 
a technology-neutral program— 
(A) to evaluate and support projects for the 
production in the United States, without the use 
of highly enriched uranium, of significant quan-
tities of molybdenum-99 for medical uses; 
(B) to be carried out in cooperation with 
non-Federal entities; and 
(C) the costs of which shall be shared in ac-
cordance with section 988 of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352). 
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(2) CRITERIA.—Projects shall be judged against 
the following primary criteria: 
(A) The length of time necessary for the pro-
posed project to begin production of molyb-
denum-99 for medical uses within the United 
States. 
(B) The capability of the proposed project 
to produce a significant percentage of United 
States demand for molybdenum-99 for medical 
uses. 
(C) The cost of the proposed project. 
(3) EXEMPTION.—An existing reactor in the 
United States fueled with highly enriched uranium 
shall not be disqualified from the program if the Sec-
retary determines that— 
(A) there is no alternative nuclear reactor 
fuel, enriched in the isotope U–235 to less than 
20 percent, that can be used in that reactor; 
(B) the reactor operator has provided assur-
ances that, whenever an alternative nuclear reac-
tor fuel, enriched in the isotope U–235 to less 
than 20 percent, can be used in that reactor, it 
will use that alternative in lieu of highly en-
riched uranium; and 
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(C) the reactor operator has provided a cur-
rent report on the status of its efforts to convert 
the reactor to an alternative nuclear reactor fuel 
enriched in the isotope U–235 to less than 20 
percent, and an anticipated schedule for comple-
tion of conversion. 
(4) PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND REVIEW.—The 
Secretary shall— 
(A) develop a program plan and annually 
update the program plan through public work-
shops; and 
(B) use the Nuclear Science Advisory Com-
mittee to conduct annual reviews of the progress 
made in achieving the program goals. 
(b) DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary shall 
carry out a program to provide assistance for— 
(1) the development of fuels, targets, and proc-
esses for domestic molybdenum-99 production that do 
not use highly enriched uranium; and 
(2) commercial operations using the fuels, tar-
gets, and processes described in paragraph (1). 
(c) URANIUM LEASE AND TAKE-BACK.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
a program to make low-enriched uranium available, 
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transport the spent nuclear fuel and radioactive 
waste prior to acceptance by the Department. 
(4) COMPENSATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph 
(B), the lease contracts shall provide for com-
pensation in cash amounts equivalent to pre-
vailing market rates for the sale of comparable 
uranium products and for compensation in cash 
amounts equivalent to the net present value of 
the cost to the Federal Government for— 
(i) the final disposition of spent nu-
clear fuel and radioactive waste for which 
the Department is responsible under para-
graph (3); and 
(ii) other costs associated with car-
rying out the uranium lease and take-back 
program authorized by this subsection. 
(B) DISCOUNT
RATE.—The discount rate 
used to determine the net present value of costs 
described in subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be not 
greater than the average interest rate on market-
able Treasury securities. 
(5) AUTHORIZED USE OF FUNDS.—The Secretary 
may obligate and expend funds received under leases 
entered into under this subsection, which shall remain 
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available until expended, for the purpose of carrying 
out the activities authorized by this subtitle, including 
activities related to the final disposition of spent nu-
clear fuel and radioactive waste for which the Depart-
ment is responsible under paragraph (3). 
(6) EXCHANGE OF URANIUM FOR SERVICES.— 
The Secretary shall not barter or otherwise sell or 
transfer uranium in any form in exchange for— 
(A) services related to the final disposition 
of the spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste 
for which the Department is responsible under 
paragraph (3); or 
(B) any other services associated with car-
rying out the uranium lease and take-back pro-
gram authorized by this subsection. 
(d) COORDINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS.— 
The Department and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission 
shall ensure to the maximum extent practicable that envi-
ronmental reviews for the production of the medical isotopes 
shall complement and not duplicate each review. 
(e) OPERATIONAL DATE.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a program as described in subsection (c)(3) not later 
than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(f) RADIOACTIVE WASTE.—Notwithstanding section 2 
of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (42 U.S.C. 10101), 
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radioactive material resulting from the production of med-
ical isotopes that has been permanently removed from a re-
actor or subcritical assembly and for which there is no fur-
ther use shall be considered low-level radioactive waste if 
the material is acceptable under Federal requirements for 
disposal as low-level radioactive waste. 
SEC. 3154. EXPORTS. 
Section 134 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 
U.S.C. 2160d) is amended by striking subsection c. and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘c. Effective 7 years after the date of enactment of the 
American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 2012, the 
Commission may not issue a license for the export of highly 
enriched uranium from the United States for the purposes 
of medical isotope production. 
‘‘d. The period referred to in subsection b. may be ex-
tended for no more than 6 years if, no earlier than 6 years 
after the date of enactment of the American Medical Iso-
topes Production Act of 2012, the Secretary of Energy cer-
tifies to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
Natural Resources of the Senate that— 
‘‘(1) there is insufficient global supply of molyb-
denum-99 produced without the use of highly enriched 
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uranium available to satisfy the domestic United 
States market; and 
‘‘(2) the export of United States-origin highly en-
riched uranium for the purposes of medical isotope 
production is the most effective temporary means to 
increase the supply of molybdenum-99 to the domestic 
United States market. 
‘‘e. To ensure public review and comment, the develop-
ment of the certification described in subsection c. shall be 
carried out through announcement in the Federal Register. 
‘‘f. At any time after the restriction of export licenses 
provided for in subsection b. becomes effective, if there is 
a critical shortage in the supply of molybdenum-99 avail-
able to satisfy the domestic United States medical isotope 
needs, the restriction of export licenses may be suspended 
for a period of no more than 12 months, if— 
‘‘(1) the Secretary of Energy certifies to the Con-
gress that the export of United States-origin highly 
enriched uranium for the purposes of medical isotope 
production is the only effective temporary means to 
increase the supply of molybdenum-99 necessary to 
meet United States medical isotope needs during that 
period; and 
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‘‘(2) the Congress enacts a Joint Resolution ap-
proving the temporary suspension of the restriction of 
export licenses. 
‘‘g. As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘alternative nuclear reactor fuel or 
target’ means a nuclear reactor fuel or target which 
is enriched to less than 20 percent in the isotope U– 
235; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘highly enriched uranium’ means 
uranium enriched to 20 percent or more in the iso-
tope U–235; 
‘‘(3) a fuel or target ‘can be used’ in a nuclear 
research or test reactor if— 
‘‘(A) the fuel or target has been qualified by 
the Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Re-
actor Program of the Department of Energy; and 
‘‘(B) use of the fuel or target will permit the 
large majority of ongoing and planned experi-
ments and medical isotope production to be con-
ducted in the reactor without a large percentage 
increase in the total cost of operating the reactor; 
and 
‘‘(4) the term ‘medical isotope’ includes molyb-
denum-99, iodine-131, xenon-133, and other radio-
active materials used to produce a radiopharma-
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