(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the program is 
to enhance the scientific understanding of, and re-
duce uncertainties associated with, the effects of ex-
posure to low-dose radiation to inform improved 
risk-management methods. 
SEC. 307. FUSION ENERGY. 
(a) FUSION MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT.—As part of the activities authorized in section 978 
of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16318)— 
(1) the Director, in coordination with the As-
sistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy of the Depart-
ment, shall carry out research and development ac-
tivities to identify, characterize, and demonstrate 
materials that can endure the neutron, plasma, and 
heat fluxes expected in a fusion power system; and 
(2) the Director shall provide an assessment 
of— 
(A) the need for 1 or more facilities that 
can examine and test potential fusion and next 
generation fission materials and other enabling 
technologies relevant to the development of fu-
sion power; and 
(B) whether a single new facility that sub-
stantially addresses magnetic fusion and next 
generation fission materials research needs is 
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feasible, in conjunction with the expected capa-
bilities of facilities operational as of the date of 
enactment of this Act. 
(b) TOKAMAK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The 
Director shall support research and development activities 
and facility operations to optimize the tokamak approach 
to fusion energy. 
(c) INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH AND DE-
VELOPMENT.—The Director shall support research and 
development activities for inertial fusion for energy appli-
cations. 
(d) ALTERNATIVE AND ENABLING CONCEPTS.—The 
Director shall support research and development activities 
and facility operations at institutions of higher education, 
National Laboratories, and private facilities in the United 
States for a portfolio of alternative and enabling fusion 
energy concepts that may provide solutions to significant 
challenges to the establishment of a commercial magnetic 
fusion power plant, prioritized based on the ability of the 
United States to play a leadership role in the international 
fusion research community. 
(e) COORDINATION WITH ARPA–E.—The Director 
shall coordinate with the Director of the Advanced Re-
search Projects Agency-Energy (referred to in this sub-
section as ‘‘ARPA–E’’) to— 
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(1) assess the potential for any fusion energy 
project supported by ARPA–E to represent a prom-
ising approach to a commercially viable fusion power 
plant; 
(2) determine whether the results of any fusion 
energy project supported by ARPA–E merit the sup-
port of follow-on research activities carried out by 
the Office of Science; and 
(3) avoid the unintentional duplication of activi-
ties. 
(f) FAIRNESS IN COMPETITION FOR SOLICITATIONS 
FOR INTERNATIONAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES.—Section 33 
of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is 
amended by inserting before the first sentence the fol-
lowing: ‘‘In this section, with respect to international re-
search projects, the term ‘private facilities or laboratories’ 
means facilities or laboratories located in the United 
States.’’. 
(g) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES.— 
(1) REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
fusion energy research and development activi-
ties that the Department proposes to carry out 
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over the 10-year period following the date of 
the report under not fewer than 3 realistic 
budget scenarios, including a scenario based on 
3-percent annual growth in the non-ITER por-
tion of the budget for fusion energy research 
and development activities. 
(B) INCLUSIONS.—The report required 
under subparagraph (A) shall— 
(i) identify specific areas of fusion en-
ergy research and enabling technology de-
velopment in which the United States can 
and should establish or solidify a lead in 
the global fusion energy development ef-
fort; 
(ii) identify priorities for initiation of 
facility construction and facility decommis-
sioning under each of the 3 budget sce-
narios described in subparagraph (A); and 
(iii) assess the ability of the fusion 
workforce of the United States to carry out 
the activities identified under clauses (i) 
and (ii), including the adequacy of pro-
grams at institutions of higher education 
in the United States to train the leaders 
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and workers of the next generation of fu-
sion energy researchers. 
(2) PROCESS.—In order to develop the report 
required under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall 
leverage best practices and lessons learned from the 
process used to develop the most recent report of the 
Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the 
High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. 
(3) REQUIREMENT.—No member of the Fusion 
Energy Sciences Advisory Committee shall be ex-
cluded from participating in developing or voting on 
final approval of the report required under para-
graph (1)(A). 
SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS. 
(a) ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR 
RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.—The Director— 
(1) may carry out a program for the production 
of isotopes, including the development of techniques 
to produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines 
are needed for research, medical, industrial, or re-
lated purposes; and 
(2) shall ensure that isotope production activi-
ties carried out under the program under this para-
graph do not compete with private industry unless 
the Director determines that critical national inter-
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