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(1) shall be developed in consultation with Unit-
ed States associations and organizations of scholars
in the principal academic disciplines in which Amer-
ican studies are conducted; and
(2) shall be designed primarily to meet the
needs of undergraduate and graduate students of
American studies.
(c) SITE
SELECTION.—In selecting universities
abroad as sites for such collections, the Director shall—
(1) ensure that such universities are able, with-
in a reasonable period of the establishment of such
collections, to assume responsibility for their mainte-
nance in current form;
(2) ensure that undergraduate and graduate
students shall enjoy reasonable access to such collec-
tions; and
(3) include in any agreement entered into be-
tween the United States Information Agency and a
university abroad, terms embodying a contractual
commitment of such maintenance and access under
this subsection.
SEC. 240. SOUTH PACIFIC EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.
(a) AUTHORIZED PROGRAMS.—The Director of the
United States Information Agency is authorized to award
academic scholarships to qualified students from the sov-
103
ereign nations of the South Pacific region to pursue un-
dergraduate and postgraduate study at institutions of
higher education in the United States; to make grants to
accomplished United States scholars and experts to pursue
research, to teach, or to offer training in such nations;
and to make grants for youth exchanges.
(b) LIMITATION.—Grants awarded to United States
scholars and experts may not exceed 10 percent of the
total funds awarded for any fiscal year for programs under
this section.
SEC. 241. COORDINATION OF UNITED STATES EXCHANGE
PROGRAMS.
Section 112 of the Mutual Educational and Cultural
Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2460) is amended by
adding at the end the following:
‘‘(f) The President shall ensure that all exchange pro-
grams conducted by the United States Government, its de-
partments and agencies, directly or through agreements
with other parties, are coordinated through the Bureau
to ensure that such exchanges are consistent with United
States foreign policy and to avoid duplication of effort.
The President shall report annually to the Congress on
such coordination. Such report shall include information
concerning what exchanges are supported by the United
States, the number of exchange participants supported,
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the types of exchange activities, and the total amount of
Federal expenditures for such exchanges.’’.
SEC. 242. LIMITATION CONCERNING PARTICIPATION IN
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITIONS.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Unit-
ed States Information Agency is not authorized to repro-
gram or to obligate or expend any funds for a United
States pavilion or other major exhibit at any international
exposition or world’s fair without an express authorization
of appropriations for such purpose.
SEC. 243. PRIVATE SECTOR OPPORTUNITES.
Section 104(e)(4) of the Mutual Educational and
Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2454) is
amended by inserting before the period ‘‘, and of similar
services and opportunities for interchange not supported
by the United States Government’’.
SEC. 244. EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGES WITH
TIBET.
The Director of the United States Information Agen-
cy shall establish programs of educational and cultural ex-
change between the United States and the people of Tibet.
Such programs shall include opportunities for training
and, as the Director considers appropriate, may include
the assignment of personnel and resources abroad.
105
PART D—MIKE MANSFIELD FELLOWSHIPS
SEC. 251. SHORT TITLE.
This part may be cited as the ‘‘Mike Mansfield Fel-
lowship Act’’.
SEC. 252. ESTABLISHMENT OF FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—(1) There is hereby estab-
lished the ‘‘Mike Mansfield Fellowship Program’’ pursu-
ant to which the Director of the United States Informa-
tion Agency will make grants, subject to the availability
of appropriations, to the Mansfield Center for Pacific Af-
fairs to award fellowships to eligible United States citizens
for periods of 2 years each (or, pursuant to section
253(5)(C), for such shorter period of time as the Center
may determine based on a Fellow’s level of proficiency in
the Japanese language or knowledge of the political econ-
omy of Japan) as follows:
(A) During the first year each fellowship recipi-
ent will study the Japanese language as well as Ja-
pan’s political economy.
(B) During the second year each fellowship re-
cipient will serve as a Fellow in a parliamentary of-
fice, ministry, or other agency of the Government of
Japan or, subject to the approval of the Center, a
nongovernmental Japanese institution associated
with the interests of the fellowship recipient, consist-
ent with the purposes of this part.
106
(2) Fellowships under this part may be known as
‘‘Mansfield Fellowships’’, and individuals awarded such
fellowships may be known as ‘‘Mansfield Fellows’’.
(b) ELIGIBILITY OF CENTER FOR GRANTS.—Grants
may be made to the Center under this section only if the
Center agrees to comply with the requirements of section
253.
(c) INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT.—The Director of
the United States Information Agency should enter into
negotiations for an agreement with the Government of
Japan for the purpose of placing Mansfield Fellows in the
Government of Japan.
(d) PRIVATE SOURCES.—The Center is authorized to
accept, use, and dispose of gifts or donations of services
or property in carrying out the fellowship program, subject
to the review and approval of the Board described in sec-
tion 255.
SEC. 253. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.
The program established under this part shall comply
with the following requirements:
(1) United States citizens who are eligible for
fellowships under this part shall be employees of the
Federal Government having at least two years expe-
rience in any branch of the Government, a strong
career interest in United States-Japan relations, and
107
a demonstrated commitment to further service in the
Federal Government.
(2) Not less than 10 fellowships shall be award-
ed each year.
(3) Mansfield Fellows shall agree—
(A) to maintain satisfactory progress in
language training and appropriate behavior in
Japan, as determined by the Center, as a condi-
tion of continued receipt of Federal funds; and
(B) to return to the Federal Government
for further employment for a period of at least
2 years following the end of their fellowships,
unless, in the determination of the Center, the
Fellow is unable (for reasons beyond the Fel-
low’s control and after receiving assistance from
the Center as provided in paragraph (8)) to
find reemployment for such period.
(4) During the period of the fellowship, the
Center shall provide each Mansfield Fellow—
(A) a stipend at a rate of pay equal to the
rate of pay that individual was receiving when
he or she entered the program, plus a cost-of-
living adjustment calculated at the same rate of
pay, and for the same period of time, for which
such adjustments were made to the salaries of
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individuals occupying competitive positions in
the civil service during the same period as the
fellowship; and
(B) certain allowances and benefits as that
individual would have been entitled to, but for
his or her separation from Government service,
as a United States Government civilian em-
ployee overseas under the Standardized Regula-
tions (Government Civilians, Foreign Areas) of
the Department of State, as follows: a living
quarters allowance to cover the cost of housing
in Japan, a post allowance to cover the signifi-
cantly higher costs of living in Japan, a tem-
porary quarters subsistence allowance for up to
7 days for Fellows unable to find housing im-
mediately upon arrival in Japan, an education
allowance to assist parents in providing their
children with educational services ordinarily
provided without charge by United States pub-
lic schools, moving expenses of up to $3,000 for
personal belongings of Fellows and their fami-
lies in their move to Japan and up to $500 for
Fellows residing outside the Washington, D.C.
area in moving to the Washington, D.C. area,
and one-round-trip economy-class airline ticket
109
to Japan for each Fellow and the Fellow’s im-
mediate family.
(5)(A) For the first year of each fellowship, the
Center shall provide Fellows with intensive Japanese
language training in the Washington, D.C., area, as
well as courses in the political economy of Japan.
(B) Such training shall be of the same quality
as training provided to Foreign Service officers be-
fore they are assigned to Japan.
(C) The Center may waive any or all of the
training required by subparagraph (A) to the extent
that a Fellow has Japanese language skills or knowl-
edge of Japan’s political economy, and the 2 year
fellowship period shall be shortened to the extent
such training is less than one year.
(6) Any Mansfield Fellow not complying with
the requirements of this section shall reimburse the
United States Information Agency for the Federal
funds expended for the Fellow’s participation in the
fellowship, together with interest on such funds (cal-
culated at the prevailing rate), as follows:
(A) Full reimbursement for noncompliance
with paragraph (3)(A) or (9); and
(B) pro rata reimbursement for noncompli-
ance with paragraph (3)(B) for any period the
110
Fellow is reemployed by the Federal Govern-
ment that is less than the period specified in
paragraph (3)(B), at a rate equal to the
amount the Fellow received during the final
year of the fellowship for the same period of
time, including any allowances and benefits pro-
vided under paragraph (4).
(7) The Center shall select Mansfield Fellows
based solely on merit. The Center shall make posi-
tive efforts to recruit candidates reflecting the cul-
tural, racial, and ethnic diversity of the United
States.
(8) The Center shall assist any Mansfield Fel-
low in finding employment in the Federal Govern-
ment if such Fellow was not able, at the end of the
fellowship, to be reemployed in the agency from
which he or she separated to become a Fellow.
(9) No Mansfield Fellow may engage in any in-
telligence or intelligence-related activity on behalf of
the United States Government.
(10) The accounts of the Center shall be au-
dited annually in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards by independent certified public
accountants or independent licensed public account-
ants, certified or licensed by a regulatory authority
111
of a State or other political subdivision of the United
States. The audit shall be conducted at the place or
places where the accounts of the Center are normally
kept. All books, accounts, financial records, files,
and other papers, things, and property belonging to
or in use by the Center and necessary to facilitate
the audit shall be made available to the person or
persons conducting the audit, and full facilities for
verifying transactions with the balances or securities
held by depositories, fiscal agents, and custodians
shall be afforded to such person or persons.
(11) The Center shall provide a report of the
audit to the Board no later than six months follow-
ing the close of the fiscal year for which the audit
is made. The report shall set forth the scope of the
audit and include such statements, together with the
independent auditor’s opinion of those statements,
as are necessary to present fairly the Center’s assets
and liabilities, surplus or deficit, with reasonable de-
tail, including a statement of the Center’s income
and expenses during the year, including a schedule
of all contracts and grants requiring payments in ex-
cess of $5,000 and any payments of compensation,
salaries, or fees at a rate in excess of $5,000 per
112
year. The report shall be produced in sufficient cop-
ies for the public.
SEC. 254. SEPARATION OF GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL DUR-
ING THE FELLOWSHIPS.
(a) SEPARATION.—Under such terms and conditions
as the agency head may direct, any agency of the United
States Government may separate from Government serv-
ice for a specified period any officer or employee of that
agency who accepts a fellowship under the program estab-
lished by this part.
(b) REEMPLOYMENT.—Any Mansfield Fellow, at the
end of the fellowship, is entitled to be reemployed in the
same manner as if covered by section 3582 of title 5, Unit-
ed States Code.
(c) RIGHTS AND BENEFITS.—Notwithstanding sec-
tion 8347(o), 8713, or 8914 of title 5, United States Code,
and in accordance with regulations of the Office of Person-
nel Management, an employee, while serving as a Mans-
field Fellow, is entitled to the same rights and benefits
as if covered by section 3582 of title 5, United States
Code. The Center shall reimburse the employing agency
for any costs incurred under section 3582 of title 5,
United States Code.