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(2) the term ‘‘New START Treaty’’ means the 
Treaty between the United States of America and 
the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further 
Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive 
Arms, signed at Prague April 8, 2010, and entered 
into force February 5, 2011. 
SEC. 1235. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON DEFENSE BY NATO 
MEMBER STATES. 
It is the sense of Congress that each North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization (NATO) member state should com-
mit to providing, at a minimum, 2 percent of its Gross 
Domestic Product (GDP) to defense to continue to ensure 
NATO’s military readiness. 
SEC. 1236. REPORT ON THE SECURITY RELATIONSHIP BE-
TWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE HEL-
LENIC REPUBLIC. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
and the Secretary of State shall jointly submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report on the secu-
rity relationship between the United States and the Hel-
lenic Republic. 
(b) REPORT CONTENTS.—The report required under 
subsection (a) shall include the following: 
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(1) A description of the basing rights granted 
to the United States under the updated U.S.-Greece 
Mutual Defense Cooperation Agreement (MDCA) 
signed October 14, 2021. 
(2) A description of United States activities and 
investment on the bases covered in the MDCA since 
such date. 
(3) An analysis of the potential for additional 
bases or expanded United States military presence 
in the Hellenic Republic, particularly on Greek is-
lands. 
(4) An assessment of the status of the security 
cooperation mandated by subtitle B of title XIII of 
division A of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117-81; 135 Stat. 
1999; relating to the United States-Greece Defense 
and Interparliamentary Partnership Act of 2021). 
(c) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
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SEC. 1237. REVIVAL OF AUTHORITY FOR PARTICIPATION 
OF NATO NAVAL PERSONNEL IN SUBMARINE 
SAFETY PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (e) of section 8634 of 
title 10, United States Code, is repealed. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (a) of 
such section 8634 is amended by striking ‘‘the Secretary 
of the Navy may conduct a program’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
Secretary of the Navy may conduct a program beginning 
on or after the date of the enactment of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024’’. 
Subtitle E—Matters Relating to the 
Armed Forces Abroad and the 
Authorities of the Department 
of Defense 
SEC. 1241. REPORT ON HOSTILITIES INVOLVING UNITED 
STATES ARMED FORCES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 48 hours after any 
incident in which the United States Armed Forces are in-
volved in an attack or hostilities, whether in an offensive 
or defensive capacity, the President shall transmit to the 
congressional defense committees, the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate, and the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on 
the incident, unless the President— 
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(1) otherwise reports the incident within 48 
hours pursuant to section 4 of the War Powers Res-
olution (50 U.S.C. 1543); or 
(2) has determined prior to the incident, and so 
reported pursuant to section 1264 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (50 
U.S.C. 1549), that the United States Armed Forces 
involved in the incident would be operating under 
specific statutory authorization within the meaning 
of section 5(b) of the War Powers Resolution (50 
U.S.C. 1544(b)). 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Each report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) the statutory and operational authorities 
under which the United States Armed Forces were 
operating when the incident occurred, including any 
relevant executive orders and an identification of the 
operational activities authorized under any such ex-
ecutive orders; 
(2) the date, location, and duration of the inci-
dent and the other parties involved; 
(3) a description of the United States Armed 
Forces involved in the incident and the mission of 
such Armed Forces; 
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(4) the numbers of any combatant casualties 
and civilian casualties that occurred as a result of 
the incident; and 
(5) any other information the President deter-
mines appropriate. 
(c) FORM.—Each report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
SEC. 1242. PROTECTION AND LEGAL PREPAREDNESS FOR 
SERVICEMEMBERS ABROAD. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in co-
ordination with the Secretary of State, shall seek to ensure 
that members of the Armed Forces stationed in each for-
eign country with which the United States maintains a 
Status of Forces Agreement are afforded, at a minimum: 
(1) the right to legal counsel for his or her de-
fense, in accordance with the Status of Forces 
Agreement or other binding law or agreement with 
another country; 
(2) access to competent language translation 
services; 
(3) a prompt and speedy trial; 
(4) the right to be confronted with the wit-
nesses against him or her; and 
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(5) a compulsory process for obtaining wit-
nesses in his or her favor if they are within the for-
eign country’s jurisdiction. 
(b) REVIEW REQUIRED.—Not later than December 
31, 2024, the Secretary of Defense, in collaboration with 
the Secretary of State, shall— 
(1) review the 10 largest foreign countries by 
United States Armed Forces presence and evaluate 
local legal systems, protections afforded by bilateral 
agreements between the United States and countries 
being evaluated, and how the rights and privileges 
afforded under such agreements may differ from 
United States law; and 
(2) brief the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Armed Serv-
ices and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate on the findings of the review. 
(c) TRAINING REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall review and improve as necessary training and edu-
cational materials for members of the Armed Forces, their 
spouses, and dependents, as appropriate, who are sta-
tioned in a country reviewed pursuant to subsection (b)(1) 
regarding relevant foreign laws, how such foreign laws 
may differ from the laws of the United States, and the 
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rights of accused in common scenarios under such foreign 
laws. 
(d) TRANSLATION STANDARDS AND READINESS.— 
The Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State, shall review foreign language standards 
for servicemembers and employees of the Department of 
Defense and Department of State who are responsible for 
providing foreign language translation services in situa-
tions involving foreign law enforcement where a service-
member may be being detained, to ensure such persons 
maintain an appropriate proficiency in the legal termi-
nology and meaning of essential terms in a relevant lan-
guage. 
SEC. 1243. PROHIBITION ON FUNDING FOR THE GLOBAL 
ENGAGEMENT CENTER. 
None of the amounts authorized to be appropriated 
to the Department of Defense or otherwise made available 
by this Act may be made available for the Global Engage-
ment Center established pursuant to section 1287 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
(22 U.S.C. 2656 note). 
SEC. 1244. DETERMINATION OF LOCATION FOR MCCAIN IR-
REGULAR WARFARE CENTER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The ‘‘John S. McCain III Center 
for Security Studies in Irregular Warfare Center’’, author-
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ized by section 1299L of the William M. (Mac) Thorn-
berry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (10 U.S.C. 342 note) and by the amendments made 
to section 345 of title 10, United States Code, by section 
1204 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2023, shall be established at a 
location determined suitable pursuant to subsection (b). 
(b) LOCATION CRITERIA.—The Secretary shall select 
a permanent location based on established criteria, which 
should include that the location— 
(1) is an academic institution that studies secu-
rity implications with respect to irregular warfare 
and the full spectrum of competition and conflict; 
(2) has an established record in interdiscipli-
nary studies relevant to irregular warfare; 
(3) has a demonstrated network of foreign aca-
demic and government partners; 
(4) has availability of facility space and staff; 
and 
(5) has the ability to provide immediate support 
for full operational capability. 
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SEC. 1245. DESIGNATION OF PRIORITY THEATERS OF OPER-
ATION AND COMBATANT COMMANDS; PRI-
ORITY FOR SALES OF DEFENSE ARTICLES 
AND SERVICES. 
Section 22 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2762) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(e) DESIGNATION OF PRIORITY THEATERS OF OP-
ERATION AND COMBATANT COMMANDS; PRIORITY FOR 
SALES OF DEFENSE ARTICLES AND SERVICES.— 
‘‘(1) DESIGNATION.—Not later than October 31 
of each fiscal year, the Secretary of Defense shall, 
consistent with the United States National Defense 
Strategy and United State national defense prior-
ities, designate theaters of operation that are to be 
considered priority theaters of operation and com-
batant commands that are to be considered priority 
combatant commands for purposes of paragraph (2) 
for that fiscal year. 
‘‘(2) PRIORITY.—In entering into contracts for 
the procurement of defense articles or defense serv-
ices for sales to foreign countries under this section, 
the President and the Secretary of State shall give 
priority to sales to— 
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‘‘(A) countries located in theaters of oper-
ation that are designated as priority theaters of 
operation under paragraph (1); and 
‘‘(B) countries located in areas under the 
responsibility of combatant commands that are 
designated as priority combatant commands 
under paragraph (1).’’. 
SEC. 1246. REPORT ON HOW TO PROTECT UNITED STATES 
DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY SOLD TO FOREIGN 
PARTNERS. 
Within 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of 
State, shall prepare and submit (in such manner as the 
Secretary of Defense may decide) to the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives a written report that outlines 
how the Secretary of Defense will prevent unauthorized 
users of United States defense technology sold or trans-
ferred to foreign partners and allies of the United States 
under the foreign military sales program or any other au-
thority available to the United States from accessing sen-
sitive information about the technical capabilities and limi-
tations of the technology, and includes— 
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(1) a specification of the threat that intellectual 
technology hardware originating in the People’s Re-
public of China poses to United States defense tech-
nology; 
(2) a description of the steps our foreign part-
ners have taken to mitigate the threat; 
(3) an overview of the ability of the defense in-
dustrial base to understand and address that threat; 
and 
(4) recommendations for changes to policy, reg-
ulation, and statute to address that threat. 
SEC. 1247. INCLUSION OF SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES IN 
PLANNING AND STRATEGY RELATING TO THE 
ARCTIC REGION. 
(a) STRATEGY.— 
(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Commander of the United States Special Operations 
Command, in consultation with the Secretary of De-
fense and the Commander of the United States 
Northern Command, shall develop and submit to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Senate a Special Operations 
Forces Arctic Security Strategy, applicable across 
each component of the special operations forces and 
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