seeking remedies under the Convention, or other 
civil or criminal remedies in interstate or inter-
national parental kidnapping cases. 
‘‘(2) TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 
The United States Central Authority, directly or 
through grants, shall provide training and technical 
assistance to recipients of funds under paragraph 
(1) to improve their capacity to offer legal assistance 
described in paragraph (1). 
‘‘(h) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The United States 
Central Authority shall encourage the Chief Justice of 
every State and the District of Columbia to designate a 
single court, or a limited number of courts, in which cases 
brought under the Convention may be heard. The United 
States Central Authority may provide technical assistance 
(including computers and Internet access) as necessary to 
foster consolidation of jurisdiction and implementation of 
the Convention, consistent with the purposes of the Con-
vention. 
‘‘(i) TRAINING.—The United States Central Author-
ity shall provide or promote training of State court judges, 
lawyers, and law students on the civil and criminal laws 
pertaining to interstate and international parental kidnap-
ping. To carry out this subsection, the United States Cen-
tral Authority may make available funds under subsection 
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(e) to State judicial educators, national, State, and local 
bar associations, and law schools. The United States Cen-
tral Authority shall require recipients of such funds to re-
port on the training programs they present, including the 
number of participants.’’. 
(b) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION.—The Legal 
Services Corporation may use funds made available to the 
Corporation for programs to represent aliens in pro-
ceedings brought in the United States under the Conven-
tion— 
(1) if the individuals to whom the representa-
tion is provided otherwise meet the criteria of the 
Corporation for eligible clients under the Legal Serv-
ices Corporation Act; and 
(2) whether or not such individuals are resident 
in the United States. 
(c) COURT COSTS.—Section 8(b) of the International 
Child Abduction Remedies Act (42 U.S.C. 11607(b)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(b) COSTS INCURRED IN CIVIL ACTIONS.— 
‘‘(1) PAYMENT OF COURT COSTS BY CEN-
TRAL AUTHORITY.—The Central Authority shall 
establish a program under which it provides, di-
rectly to the court or to petitioners and re-
spondents, the funds necessary to pay the court 
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costs of petitioners and respondents in actions 
brought under section 4, including court fees 
and the cost of translation services, expert wit-
ness testimony, and transcription services. 
‘‘(2) COSTS
OF
LEGAL
COUNSEL
AND 
TRAVEL.—Petitioners may be required to bear 
the costs of legal counsel or advisors and travel 
costs for the return of the child involved and 
any accompanying persons, except as provided 
in paragraphs (3) and (4). 
‘‘(3) PAYMENTS FROM OTHER SOURCES.— 
Subject to paragraph (4), legal fees incurred in 
connection with an action brought under section 
4 shall be borne by the petitioner unless they 
are covered by payments from Federal, State, 
or local legal assistance or other programs. 
‘‘(4) COSTS BORNE BY PETITIONER.—Any 
court ordering the return of a child pursuant to 
an action brought under section 4 shall order 
the respondent to pay necessary expenses in-
curred by or on behalf of the petitioner (other 
than court costs for which the Central Author-
ity pays under paragraph (1)), including legal 
fees, foster home or other care during the 
course of proceedings in the action, and trans-
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portation costs related to the return of the 
child, unless the respondent establishes that 
such order would be clearly inappropriate.’’. 
(d) FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER.—Section 620 of 
title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(c) CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING PRO-
GRAMS.—The Center shall include in its continuing edu-
cation and training programs under subsection (b)(3), in-
cluding the training programs for newly appointed judges, 
information on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects 
of International Child Abduction, the International Child 
Abduction Remedies Act, the International Parental Kid-
napping Crime Act of 1993, and other Federal statutes 
pertaining to parental kidnapping within the jurisdiction 
of the Federal courts, and shall prepare materials nec-
essary to carry out this subsection.’’. 
SEC. 6. REPORTS RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL CHILD AB-
DUCTION. 
(a) REPORT ON PROGRESS IN NEGOTIATING BILAT-
ERAL TREATIES WITH NON-HAGUE CONVENTION COUN-
TRIES.—The Secretary of State shall prepare and submit 
to the Congress an annual report on progress made by 
the United States in negotiating and entering into bilat-
eral treaties (or other international agreements) relating 
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