H. R. 5009—347 
weapons to countries with which it has an agreement in place 
on defense equipment and technology transfers; 
(10) in 2013, Japan passed a secrecy law obligating govern-
ment officials to protect diplomatic and defense information, 
and in February 2024, the Cabinet approved a bill creating 
a new security clearance system covering economic secrets; 
and 
(11) in April 2024, the United States, Australia, and the 
United Kingdom announced they would consider cooperating 
with Japan on advanced capability projects under Pillar Two 
of the AUKUS partnership. 
SEC. 1333. ENGAGEMENT WITH JAPAN ON AUKUS PILLAR TWO 
COOPERATION. 
(a) ENGAGEMENT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the State AUKUS Coordinator 
and the Defense AUKUS Coordinator shall jointly engage 
directly, at a technical level, with the relevant stakeholders 
in the Government of Japan— 
(A) to better understand the export control, technology 
security, and cyber security policies of Japan and the effects 
of the reforms the Government of Japan has made to 
those policies since 2014; 
(B) to determine overlapping areas of interest and the 
potential for cooperation with Australia, the United 
Kingdom, and the United States on projects related to 
the AUKUS partnership and other projects; and 
(C) to identify areas in which the Government of Japan 
might need to strengthen the export control, technology 
security, and cyber security systems of Japan in order 
to guard against export control violations, cyber espionage, 
technology theft, or other related issues in order to be 
a successful potential partner in Pillar Two of the AUKUS 
partnership. 
(2) CONSULTATION WITH AUKUS OFFICIALS.—In carrying out 
the engagement required by paragraph (1), the State AUKUS 
Coordinator and the Defense AUKUS Coordinator shall consult 
with relevant AUKUS officials from the United Kingdom and 
Australia. 
(b) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the engagement required by subsection (a), the State 
AUKUS Coordinator and the Defense AUKUS Coordinator shall 
jointly brief the appropriate congressional committees on the fol-
lowing: 
(1) The findings of that engagement. 
(2) A strategy for follow-on engagement. 
SEC. 1334. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL FOR COOPERATION WITH 
JAPAN ON AUKUS PILLAR TWO. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of State, with the concurrence of the Sec-
retary of Defense, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report assessing the potential for cooperation with 
Japan on Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership, detailing the 
following:
H. R. 5009—348 
(1) Projects the Government of Japan is engaged in related 
to the development of advanced defense capabilities under Pillar 
Two of the AUKUS partnership. 
(2) Areas of potential cooperation with Japan on advanced 
defense capabilities within and outside the scope of Pillar Two 
of the AUKUS partnership. 
(3) The Secretaries’ assessment of the current export con-
trol, technology security, and cyber security systems of Japan, 
including— 
(A) the procedures under those systems for protecting 
classified and sensitive defense, technological, diplomatic, 
and economic information; 
(B) the effectiveness of those systems in protecting 
such information; and 
(C) such other matters as the Secretaries consider 
appropriate. 
(4) Any reforms. regulations, and technical capabilities that 
the Secretary of State considers necessary for Japan to adopt 
before considering including Japan in the privileges provided 
under Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership. 
(5) Any recommendations regarding the scope and condi-
tions of potential cooperation with Japan under Pillar Two 
of the AUKUS partnership. 
(6) A strategy and forum for communicating the potential 
benefits of and requirements for engaging in projects related 
to Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership with the Government 
of Japan. 
(7) Any views provided by AUKUS officials from the United 
Kingdom and Australia on issues relevant to the report, and 
a plan for cooperation with such officials on future engagement 
with the Government of Japan related to Pillar Two of the 
AUKUS partnership. 
Subtitle E—Matters Relating to East Asia 
SEC. 1341. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO 
TRANSFER FUNDS FOR BIEN HOA DIOXIN CLEANUP. 
Section 1253(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 134 Stat. 3955) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$15,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$30,000,000’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 
2025’’. 
SEC. 1342. MODIFICATION OF COOPERATIVE PROGRAM WITH VIETNAM 
TO ACCOUNT FOR VIETNAMESE PERSONNEL MISSING IN 
ACTION. 
Section 1245 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended— 
(1) by striking the section heading and inserting ‘‘VIETNAM 
WARTIME ACCOUNTING INITIATIVE.’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Vietnamese personnel 
missing in action’’ and inserting ‘‘killed or missing Vietnamese 
persons from the Vietnam War (referred to in this section 
as ‘missing persons from the Vietnam War’)’’;
H. R. 5009—349 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘verification,’’ after 
‘‘digitization,’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘conduct archival 
research, investigations, and excavations’’ and inserting 
‘‘manage archival information and personal data’’; and 
(C) by amending paragraphs (3) and (4) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(3) Supporting activities to build the capacity of Vietnam 
for locating, recovering, and conducting DNA analysis and 
identification of missing persons from the Vietnam War. 
‘‘(4) Increasing exchanges, training, and dialogue among 
veterans and families of missing persons from the Vietnam 
War.’’; 
(4) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); 
(5) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new sub-
section (c): 
‘‘(c) DESIGNATION OF LEAD COORDINATING OFFICE.—The Sec-
retary shall designate an office within the Department of Defense 
to serve as the lead coordinating office for the program carried 
out under this section.’’; and 
(6) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by striking ‘‘October 
1, 2026’’ and inserting ‘‘October 1, 2031’’. 
SEC. 1343. PLAN FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF A JOINT FORCE HEAD-
QUARTERS IN JAPAN. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a plan to reconstitute U.S. 
Forces Japan as a joint force headquarters consistent with the 
Joint Statement of the Security Consultative Committee released 
on July 28, 2024. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by subsection (a) shall 
include a description of each of the following: 
(1) The operational chain of command of the joint force 
headquarters as it relates to— 
(A) United States Indo-Pacific Command and the 
component commands of United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand; 
(B) the standing joint force headquarters required by 
section 1087 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117– 
263; 10 U.S.C. 161 note); and 
(C) any United States military forces deployed to Japan 
on a permanent, rotational, or temporary basis. 
(2) The manning and resourcing required for the establish-
ment of such a joint force headquarters. 
(3) The mission and operational authorities that will be 
delegated to the joint force headquarters during peacetime, 
crisis, and conflict. 
(4) The relationship of the joint force headquarters with 
the Japan Self-Defense Forces Joint Operations Command, 
including coordination and decision-making mechanisms, nec-
essary to enable seamless integration of operations and capabili-
ties and allow for greater interoperability and planning between 
United States forces and Japanese forces in peacetime and 
during contingencies.
H. R. 5009—350 
(5) The infrastructure required to support the joint force 
headquarters and milestones and timelines for the joint force 
headquarters to achieve initial operational capability and full 
operational capability. 
(6) Such other matters as the Secretary of Defense con-
siders appropriate. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than June 1, 2026, 
and annually thereafter until the joint force headquarters to be 
established reaches full operational capability, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees a 
report providing an update on progress toward achieving the mile-
stones identified under subsection (b)(5) and any other matters 
the Secretary determines to be relevant. 
SEC. 1344. PLAN FOR DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACTIVITIES TO 
STRENGTHEN UNITED STATES EXTENDED DETERRENCE 
COMMITMENTS TO THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 
(a) PLAN.—Not later than March 1, 2025, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees a 
plan for Department of Defense activities to strengthen United 
States extended deterrence commitments to the Republic of Korea 
as identified in the December 16, 2023, Joint Press Statement 
on the United States-Republic of Korea Nuclear Consultative Group. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following: 
(1) A description of the resources, budget, and personnel 
needed to strengthen United States extended deterrence 
commitments to the Republic of Korea, including those related 
to— 
(A) nuclear consultation processes between the United 
States and the Republic of Korea in crises and contin-
gencies; 
(B) nuclear and strategic planning between the United 
States and the Republic of Korea; 
(C) United States-Republic of Korea conventional and 
nuclear integration; 
(D) security and information-sharing protocols; 
(E) exercises, simulations, training, and other invest-
ment activities; and 
(F) risk-reduction practices. 
(2) Any other matter the Secretary of Defense considers 
relevant. 
SEC. 1345. PLAN AND ANNUAL REPORT RELATING TO TRILATERAL 
DEFENSE 
COOPERATION 
WITH 
JAPAN 
AND 
THE 
REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 
(a) PLAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 2025, the Sec-
retary of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a plan 
to advance trilateral defense cooperation among the United 
States, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. 
(2) ELEMENTS.— The plan required by paragraph (1) shall 
include the following: 
(A) A description of the resources necessary to advance 
trilateral defense cooperation among the United States, 
Japan, and the Republic of Korea, including with respect 
to activities relating to—
H. R. 5009—351 
(i) trilateral communication mechanisms, consulta-
tions, and senior leadership engagements; 
(ii) ballistic missile defense, including real-time 
information sharing; 
(iii) trilateral exercises and other activities under 
the multi-year trilateral exercise plan agreed to by 
the United States, Japan, and the Republic of Korea 
in August 2023; 
(iv) the Trilateral Maritime Security Cooperation 
Framework established by the United States, Japan, 
and the Republic of Korea in August 2023; 
(v) countering malicious cyber and disinformation 
activities; and 
(vi) disaster relief and humanitarian assistance 
activities. 
(B) An identification of challenges to improving such 
trilateral defense cooperation with respect to the activities 
described in subparagraph (A). 
(C) Any other matter the Secretary of Defense con-
siders relevant. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1, 2026 and 
annually thereafter through 2029, the Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appro-
priate committees of Congress a report on trilateral defense coopera-
tion among the United States, Japan, and the Republic of Korea 
that includes, with respect to the activities described in subsection 
(a)(2)(A), a description of any such activities conducted during the 
preceding year. 
(c) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1346. MODIFICATION OF PUBLIC REPORTING OF CHINESE MILI-
TARY COMPANIES OPERATING IN THE UNITED STATES. 
Section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 134 Stat. 3965; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘an explanation of 
any entities deleted from such list with respect to a prior 
list’’ and inserting ‘‘a justification for adding any entities 
to the list and for deleting any entities from a prior list’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘Concurrent with’’ and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Concurrent with’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(B) INCLUSION.—The publication required by subpara-
graph (A) shall include, for each entity included in the 
unclassified portion of such list, the justification for inclu-
sion in such list.’’; 
(C) in paragraph (3)—
H. R. 5009—352 
(i) 
in 
the 
paragraph 
heading, 
by 
striking 
‘‘ONGOING’’ and inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘on an ongoing basis’’ and inserting 
‘‘not less frequently than annually’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) LANGUAGE REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary shall prepare 
the list required by paragraph (1) in English and in Mandarin 
Chinese. If the name of a Chinese military company included 
on the list is referred to by the Government of China in a 
language other than English or Mandarin Chinese, the Sec-
retary shall also include on the list the name of that company 
in that language.’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
paragraphs (2), (3), and (5), respectively; 
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesig-
nated, the following: 
‘‘(1) AFFILIATED WITH.—The term ‘affiliated with’ means 
in close formal or informal association.’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) in clause (i), by amending subclause (I) 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(I) directly or indirectly owned by, controlled by, 
or beneficially owned by, affiliated with, or in an official 
or unofficial capacity acting as an agent of or on behalf 
of, the People’s Liberation Army, Chinese military and 
paramilitary elements, security forces, police, law 
enforcement, border control, the People’s Armed Police, 
the Ministry of State Security (MSS), or any other 
organization subordinate to the Central Military 
Commission of the Chinese Communist Party, the Chi-
nese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 
(MIIT), the State-Owned Assets Supervision and 
Administration Commission of the State Council 
(SASAC), or the State Administration of Science, Tech-
nology, and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND); 
or’’; and 
(II) in clause (ii), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) includes a wholly-owned or wholly-controlled sub-
sidiary or wholly-owned or wholly-controlled affiliate of 
such an entity or any entity that owns in the aggregate, 
directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more of any entity 
or entities described in subparagraph (B).’’; 
(D) in paragraph (3), as so redesignated— 
(i) by amending subparagraphs (A) and (B) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(A) Entities knowingly receiving assistance from the 
Government of China or the Chinese Communist Party 
through science, technology, research, and industrial efforts 
initiated, granted, or created by, or provided under, or
H. R. 5009—353 
related to, the Chinese military industrial planning appa-
ratus, or in furtherance of Chinese military industrial plan-
ning objectives, including selection or designation as a 
‘Single Champion’, ‘Little Giant’, or any other successor 
selection or designation as an enterprise associated with 
industrial planning or military-civil fusion efforts. 
‘‘(B) Entities managed, overseen, or supervised by, 
otherwise under the control of, or affiliated with (including 
by means of formal participation in research partnerships 
and projects)— 
‘‘(i) the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Informa-
tion Technology (MIIT); 
‘‘(ii) the State-Owned Assets Supervision and 
Administration Commission of the State Council 
(SASAC); 
‘‘(iii) the State Administration of Science, Tech-
nology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND); 
‘‘(iv) the Ministry of State Security (MSS); or 
‘‘(v) the People’s Liberation Army.’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking ‘‘such as’’ and 
inserting ‘‘including’’; 
(E) by inserting after paragraph (3), as so redesignated, 
the following: 
‘‘(4) OPERATING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN THE UNITED 
STATES OR ANY OF ITS TERRITORIES AND POSSESSIONS.—With 
respect to an entity, the term ‘operating directly or indirectly 
in the United States or any of its territories and possessions’ 
includes an entity selling goods in, or receiving goods or services 
from, the United States or any of its territories or possessions, 
regardless of whether the entity has a physical presence in 
the United States.’’; and 
(F) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘or intelligence’’ after ‘‘security’’; 
and 
(ii) by adding at the end before the period the 
following; ‘‘, including other Chinese military and para-
military elements, security forces, police, law enforce-
ment, border control, and the Ministry of State Secu-
rity’’; 
(3) by redesignating subsection (d), as so amended, as sub-
section (g); and 
(4) by inserting after subsection (c) the following: 
‘‘(d) DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE REPORT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 2026, and 
biennially thereafter through December 31, 2031, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate 
and the House of Representatives a report on the status of 
Department of Defense procurement restrictions on entities 
included in the list described in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—Each report required by paragraph (1) 
shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) A list of each entity included in the list described 
in subsection (b)(1) that is likely present in the United 
States defense industrial base. 
‘‘(B) Available unclassified data on any such entity 
and its presence within the United States defense indus-
trial base.
H. R. 5009—354 
‘‘(C) A description of any update to policies or proce-
dures implemented to enforce procurement restrictions on 
entities included in the list described in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(e) PROCEDURES
FOR
IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall establish such reasonable procedures as are necessary 
to implement the provisions of this section, including for obtaining 
information from outside entities relevant to the list described 
in subsection (b)(1) and procedures for removal of entities from 
the list described in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(f) JUDICIAL REVIEW.— In any judicial review of a determina-
tion made under this section, if the determination was based on 
classified information (as defined in section 1(a) of the Classified 
Information Procedures Act) such information may be submitted 
to the reviewing court ex parte and in camera. This subsection 
does not confer or imply any right to judicial review.’’. 
SEC. 1347. STRATEGY TO ADDRESS MALIGN ACTIVITIES BY THE PEO-
PLE’S LIBERATION ARMY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a transregional, multi- 
functional, and multi-domain strategy to coordinate activities among 
combatant commands for identifying and, if necessary and appro-
priate, addressing malign activities by the People’s Liberation Army 
of the People’s Republic of China. 
(b) COMBATANT COMMAND LIAISONS.—Concurrently with the 
submission of the strategy required by subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall designate, within each combatant command (other than the 
United States Indo-Pacific Command), an official liaison for coordi-
nated transregional, multi-functional, and multi-domain efforts to 
address malign activities by the People’s Liberation Army. 
TITLE XIV—OTHER AUTHORIZATIONS 
Subtitle A—Military Programs 
Sec. 1401. Working capital funds. 
Sec. 1402. Chemical agents and munitions destruction, defense. 
Sec. 1403. Drug interdiction and counter-drug activities, defense-wide. 
Sec. 1404. Defense Inspector General. 
Sec. 1405. Defense Health Program. 
Subtitle B—National Defense Stockpile 
Sec. 1411. Restoring the National Defense Stockpile. 
Sec. 1412. Consultations with respect to environmental reviews of projects that will 
increase availability of strategic and critical materials for acquisition for 
National Defense Stockpile. 
Subtitle C—Other Matters 
Sec. 1421. Extension of authorities for funding and management of Joint Depart-
ment of Defense-Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Facility Dem-
onstration Fund for Captain James A. Lovell Health Care Center, Illi-
nois. 
Sec. 1422. Eligibility of Space Force officers for membership on Armed Forces Re-
tirement Home Advisory Council. 
Sec. 1423. Armed Forces Retirement Home: availability of licensed practitioners. 
Sec. 1424. Authorization of appropriations for Armed Forces Retirement Home.
H. R. 5009—355 
Subtitle A—Military Programs 
SEC. 1401. WORKING CAPITAL FUNDS. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2025 for the use of the Armed Forces and other activities and 
agencies of the Department of Defense for providing capital for 
working capital and revolving funds, as specified in the funding 
table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1402. CHEMICAL AGENTS AND MUNITIONS DESTRUCTION, 
DEFENSE. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Funds are hereby 
authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Defense for 
fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not otherwise provided for, for Chem-
ical Agents and Munitions Destruction, Defense, as specified in 
the funding table in section 4501. 
(b) USE.—Amounts authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (a) are authorized for the destruction of lethal chemical 
agents and munitions in accordance with section 1412 of the Depart-
ment of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 (50 U.S.C. 1521). 
SEC. 1403. DRUG INTERDICTION AND COUNTER-DRUG ACTIVITIES, 
DEFENSE-WIDE. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the Depart-
ment of Defense for fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not otherwise 
provided for, for Drug Interdiction and Counter-Drug Activities, 
Defense-wide, as specified in the funding table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1404. DEFENSE INSPECTOR GENERAL. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the Depart-
ment of Defense for fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not otherwise 
provided for, for the Office of the Inspector General of the Depart-
ment of Defense, as specified in the funding table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1405. DEFENSE HEALTH PROGRAM. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2025 for the Defense Health Program for use of the Armed Forces 
and other activities and agencies of the Department of Defense 
for providing for the health of eligible beneficiaries, as specified 
in the funding table in section 4501. 
Subtitle B—National Defense Stockpile 
SEC. 1411. RESTORING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE STOCKPILE. 
(a) PLAN TO FULLY FUND EXISTING NATIONAL DEFENSE STOCK-
PILE REQUIREMENTS.—Not later than April 15, 2025, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a plan that includes the following: 
(1) An identification of the strategic and critical materials 
for which there is a shortfall in the National Defense Stockpile, 
as determined by the Secretary, and the estimated cost of 
resolving such shortfalls. 
(2) A plan for resolving the shortfalls identified under 
paragraph (1) and to avoid any future shortfall in the National 
Defense Stockpile—
H. R. 5009—356 
(A) with respect to the military and industrial needs 
of the United States during a national emergency, not 
later than December 31, 2027; and 
(B) with respect to the essential civilian needs of the 
United States during a national emergency, not later than 
December 31, 2029. 
(3) A description of the additional funds that would be 
necessary to resolve the shortfalls identified under paragraph 
(1) if the National Defense Stockpile was required to meet 
the national defense needs of the United States for a period 
of— 
(A) not less than two years during a national emer-
gency; and 
(B) not less than three years during a national emer-
gency. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘national emergency’’ has the meaning given 
such term under section 12 of the Strategic and Critical Mate-
rials Stock Piling Act (50 U.S.C. 98h–3). 
(2) The term ‘‘strategic and critical materials’’ means mate-
rials determined pursuant to section 3(a) of the Strategic and 
Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (50 U.S.C. 98b(a)) to be 
strategic and critical materials. 
SEC. 1412. CONSULTATIONS WITH RESPECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL 
REVIEWS OF PROJECTS THAT WILL INCREASE AVAIL-
ABILITY OF STRATEGIC AND CRITICAL MATERIALS FOR 
ACQUISITION FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE STOCKPILE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall consult with 
the head of any agency responsible for the development of an 
environmental document for a project that will result in an increase 
in the availability of strategic and critical materials for acquisition 
for the Stockpile. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) AGENCY.—The term ‘‘agency’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 551 of title 5, United States Code. 
(2) ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT.—The term ‘‘environmental 
document’’ has the meaning given that term in section 111 
of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
4336e). 
(3) STOCKPILE.—The term ‘‘Stockpile’’ means the National 
Defense Stockpile established under section 3 of the Strategic 
and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (50 U.S.C. 98b). 
(4) STRATEGIC AND CRITICAL MATERIALS.—The term ‘‘stra-
tegic and critical materials’’ means materials, including rare 
earth elements, that are necessary to meet national defense 
and national security requirements, including requirements 
relating to supply chain resiliency, and for the economic security 
of the United States.
H. R. 5009—357 
Subtitle C—Other Matters 
SEC. 1421. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES FOR FUNDING AND MANAGE-
MENT OF JOINT DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE-DEPART-
MENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL FACILITY DEM-
ONSTRATION FUND FOR CAPTAIN JAMES A. LOVELL 
HEALTH CARE CENTER, ILLINOIS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1704(e) of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 
Stat. 2573), as most recently amended by section 305 of division 
B of the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 
(Public Law 118–83, 138 Stat. 1539), is amended by striking ‘‘Sep-
tember 30, 2025’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2026’’. 
(b) AUTHORITY FOR TRANSFER OF FUNDS.—Of the funds author-
ized to be appropriated for section 1405 and available for the 
Defense 
Health 
Program 
for 
operation 
and 
maintenance, 
$162,500,000 may be transferred by the Secretary of Defense to 
the Joint Department of Defense–Department of Veterans Affairs 
Medical Facility Demonstration Fund established by subsection 
(a)(1) of section 1704 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 2571). For 
purposes of subsection (a)(2) of such section 1704, any funds so 
transferred shall be treated as amounts authorized and appro-
priated specifically for the purpose of such a transfer. 
(c) USE OF TRANSFERRED FUNDS.—For the purposes of sub-
section (b) of such section 1704, facility operations for which funds 
transferred under subsection (b) of this section may be used are 
operations of the Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care 
Center, consisting of the North Chicago Veterans Affairs Medical 
Center, the Navy Ambulatory Care Center, and supporting facilities 
designated as a combined Federal medical facility under an oper-
ational agreement covered by section 706 of the Duncan Hunter 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 (Public 
Law 110–417; 122 Stat. 4500). 
SEC. 1422. ELIGIBILITY OF SPACE FORCE OFFICERS FOR MEMBERSHIP 
ON 
ARMED 
FORCES 
RETIREMENT 
HOME 
ADVISORY 
COUNCIL. 
(a) SPACE FORCE CHIEF PERSONNEL OFFICER.—Section 1502(5) 
of the Armed Forces Retirement Home Act of 1991 (24 U.S.C. 
401(5)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) the Deputy Chief of Space Operations for Human 
Capital of the Space Force.’’. 
(b) SPACE FORCE SENIOR NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER.—Section 
1502(6) of such Act (24 U.S.C. 401(6)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) The Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force.’’. 
SEC. 1423. ARMED FORCES RETIREMENT HOME: AVAILABILITY OF 
LICENSED PRACTITIONERS. 
Subsection (c) of section 1513 of the Armed Forces Retirement 
Home Act of 1991 (24 U.S.C. 413) is amended to read as follows:
H. R. 5009—358 
‘‘(c) AVAILABILITY
OF LICENSED PRACTITIONERS.—(1) In pro-
viding for the health care needs of residents at a facility of the 
Retirement Home under subsection (b), the Retirement Home shall 
have appropriate licensed practitioners, as determined under para-
graph (2), available during the daily business hours of the facility 
and on an on-call basis at other times. 
‘‘(2) In accordance with accrediting organization standards 
pursuant to section 1511(g), the Chief Operating Officer, in consulta-
tion with the Medical Director, shall ensure that the skills, experi-
ence, and availability of the practitioners are suited to residents 
of the facility.’’. 
SEC. 1424. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR ARMED FORCES 
RETIREMENT HOME. 
There is hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2025 from the Armed Forces Retirement Home Trust Fund the 
sum of $100,520,000 for the operation of the Armed Forces Retire-
ment Home. 
TITLE XV—CYBERSPACE-RELATED 
MATTERS 
Subtitle A—Cyber Operations 
Sec. 1501. Modification of prohibition on purchase of cyber data products or serv-
ices other than through the program management office for Department 
of Defense-wide procurement of cyber data products and services. 
Sec. 1502. Department of Defense Information Network subordinate unified com-
mand. 
Sec. 1503. Establishment of the Department of Defense Hackathon program. 
Sec. 1504. Support for cyber threat tabletop exercise program with the defense in-
dustrial base. 
Sec. 1505. Accounting of cloud computing capabilities of the Department of De-
fense. 
Subtitle B—Cybersecurity 
Sec. 1511. Termination of reporting requirement for cross domain incidents and ex-
emptions to policies for information technology. 
Sec. 1512. Information technology programs of the National Background Investiga-
tion Service. 
Sec. 1513. Guidance for application of zero trust strategy to Internet of Things 
hardware used in military operations. 
Sec. 1514. Management and cybersecurity of multi-cloud environments. 
Sec. 1515. Protective measures for mobile devices within the Department of De-
fense. 
Subtitle C—Information Technology and Data Management 
Sec. 1521. Usability of antiquated and proprietary data formats for modern oper-
ations. 
Sec. 1522. Modernization of the Department of Defense’s Authorization to Operate 
processes. 
Sec. 1523. Update of biometric policy of Department of Defense. 
Subtitle D—Artificial Intelligence 
Sec. 1531. Artificial Intelligence Human Factors Integration Initiative. 
Sec. 1532. Advanced computing infrastructure to enable advanced artificial intel-
ligence capabilities. 
Sec. 1533. Cost budgeting for artificial intelligence data. 
Sec. 1534. Evaluation of Federated Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Weapon Systems 
Center of Excellence. 
Subtitle E—Reports and Other Matters 
Sec. 1541. Oversight and reporting on the Mission Partner Environment and asso-
ciated activities within the Department of Defense.
H. R. 5009—359 
Sec. 1542. Extension of certification requirement regarding contracting for military 
recruiting. 
Sec. 1543. Prohibition on disestablishment or merger of officer career paths within 
the Cyber Branch of the United States Army. 
Sec. 1544. Independent assessment of cyber organizational models. 
Sec. 1545. Limitation on availability of funds for the Joint Cyber Warfighting Ar-
chitecture. 
Sec. 1546. Risk framework for foreign mobile applications of concern. 
Sec. 1547. Joint partner-sharing network capabilities for Middle East defense inte-
gration. 
Subtitle A—Cyber Operations 
SEC. 1501. MODIFICATION OF PROHIBITION ON PURCHASE OF CYBER 
DATA PRODUCTS OR SERVICES OTHER THAN THROUGH 
THE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT OFFICE FOR DEPARTMENT 
OF DEFENSE-WIDE PROCUREMENT OF CYBER DATA 
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES. 
Section 1521(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 2224 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘; or’’ and inserting a 
semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) such component submits to such office a justification 
for such component to independently procure such product or 
service that such component determines as demonstrating— 
‘‘(A) the compelling need for such product or service; 
and 
‘‘(B) either the urgency for such product or service 
or the need to ensure competition in the market for such 
product or service supports such independent procurement 
by such component.’’. 
SEC. 1502. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE INFORMATION NETWORK 
SUBORDINATE UNIFIED COMMAND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall designate 
the Joint Force Headquarters-Department of Defense Information 
Network as a subordinate unified command under the United States 
Cyber Command. 
(b) DESIGNATION NOTICE.—On the date on which the Secretary 
of Defense makes the designation required by subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall issue to the Secretary of each military department 
(as defined in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code), the 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Under Secretaries of 
the Department of Defense, the Chief of the National Guard Bureau, 
the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, the Director 
of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation, the Inspector General 
of the Department of Defense, the Director of Operational Test 
and Evaluation, the Chief Information Officer of the Department 
of Defense, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative 
Affairs, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations 
and Low Intensity Conflict, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer of the Department of Defense, the commander of 
each combatant command, and the head of each Defense Agency 
and Department of Defense Field Activity (as such terms are
H. R. 5009—360 
defined, respectively, in section 101(a) of title 10, United States 
Code) a notice regarding— 
(1) the designation of the Joint Force Headquarters-Depart-
ment of Defense Information Network as a subordinate unified 
command under the United States Cyber Command; and 
(2) the mission of the Joint Force Headquarters-Depart-
ment of Defense Information Network as the lead organization 
for the network operations, security, and defense of the Depart-
ment of Defense Information Network. 
SEC. 1503. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
HACKATHON PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer of the Department of Defense, in coordination with 
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Chief Information 
Officer of the Department of Defense, shall establish a program 
(to be known as the ‘‘Department of Defense Hackathon Program’’) 
under which the commanders of combatant commands and the 
Secretaries of the military departments shall carry out not fewer 
than four Hackathons each year. 
(b) PROGRAM MANAGEMENT.—The Chief Digital and Artificial 
Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense shall develop 
and implement standards for carrying out Hackathons, provide 
supporting technical infrastructure to the host of each Hackathon, 
and determine the hosts each year under subsection (c)(1). 
(c) HOSTS.— 
(1)(A) Each year, two commanders of combatant commands 
shall each carry out a Hackathon and two Secretaries of mili-
tary departments shall each carry out a Hackathon, as deter-
mined by the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer 
of the Department of Defense in accordance with this sub-
section. 
(B) The commanders of combatant commands and the Sec-
retaries of military departments carrying out Hackathons 
pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall change each year. 
(C) Each host of a Hackathon shall— 
(i) provide to the participants invited to participate 
in such Hackathon a per diem allowance in accordance 
with section 5702 of title 5, United States Code, or section 
452 of title 37, United States Code, as applicable; and 
(ii) not later than 60 days after the completion of 
such Hackathon, make available to the Department of 
Defense a report on such Hackathon. 
(2) Any commander of a combatant command or Secretary 
of a military department may carry out a Hackathon in addition 
to the Hackathons required under paragraph (1). 
(d) HACKATHON OBJECTIVES.— 
(1) The host of each Hackathon shall establish objectives 
for the Hackathon that address a critical, technical challenge 
of the combatant command or military department of the host, 
as applicable, through the use of individuals with specialized 
and relevant skills, including data scientists, developers, soft-
ware engineers, and other specialists as determined appropriate 
by the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the 
Department of Defense or the host.
H. R. 5009—361 
(2) In addition to the objectives established by the host 
of a Hackathon under paragraph (1), the objectives for each 
Hackathon shall include— 
(A) fostering innovation across the Department of 
Defense, including in military departments and the combat-
ant commands; and 
(B) creating repeatable processes enabling the com-
manders of combatant commands and the Secretaries of 
the military departments to more rapidly identify and 
develop solutions to critical, technical challenges across 
the Department of Defense. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) the term ‘‘Hackathon’’ means an event carried out under 
the Program at which employees across the Department of 
Defense meet to collaboratively attempt to develop functional 
software or hardware solutions during the event to solve a 
critical, technical challenge determined by the host; 
(2) the term ‘‘host’’, with respect to a Hackathon, means 
the commander of the combatant command or the Secretary 
of the military department carrying out the Hackathon; 
(3) the term ‘‘military department’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code; 
and 
(4) the term ‘‘Program’’ means the program established 
under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1504. SUPPORT FOR CYBER THREAT TABLETOP EXERCISE PRO-
GRAM WITH THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE. 
(a) DEVELOPMENT OF CYBER THREAT TABLETOP EXERCISE PRO-
GRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.— Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber Policy, 
shall establish a program (to be known as the ‘‘Cyber Threat 
Tabletop Exercise Program’’) to prepare the Department of 
Defense and the defense industrial base for cyber attacks pre-
ceding or during times of conflict or wars through the use 
of tabletop exercises. 
(2) PARTICIPATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assistant Sec-
retary of Defense for Cyber Policy, shall consult and coordi-
nate with the following: 
(i) The Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(ii) The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment. 
(iii) The Commander of the United States Cyber 
Command. 
(iv) The Commander of the United States Northern 
Command. 
(v) The Commander of the Army Interagency 
Training and Education Center. 
(vi) The Director of the Defense Cyber Crime 
Center.
H. R. 5009—362 
(vii) Such other individuals and entities as the 
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber Policy deter-
mines appropriate. 
(B) SOLICITATION.—The Assistant Secretary of Defense 
for Cyber Policy may solicit such individuals and entities 
in the Department of Defense and the defense industrial 
base as the Assistant Secretary determines appropriate 
to participate in the program. 
(3) CYBER THREAT TABLETOP EXERCISE PROGRAM.—— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The program shall consist of the 
following: 
(i) A series of tabletop exercises that simulate 
cyber attack scenarios affecting the defense industrial 
base, which the Assistant Secretary of Defense for 
Cyber Policy shall carry out on a biannual basis begin-
ning not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act until December 30, 2030, and 
in which the Department of Defense and entities in 
the defense industrial base shall participate. 
(ii) A series of tabletop exercises for use by indi-
vidual entities or collections of entities in the defense 
industrial base that simulate cyber attack scenarios 
affecting the defense industrial base and which are 
designed to test and improve the responses and plans 
of such entities to such scenarios. 
(B) TABLETOP EXERCISE DEVELOPMENT.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Assistant Secretary of 
Defense for Cyber Policy shall develop and update 
the tabletop exercises described in subparagraph (A). 
(ii) REALISTIC ATTACKS.—The Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Cyber Policy shall ensure that the cyber 
attacks simulated by the tabletop exercises described 
in subparagraph (A) are based on the cyber attack 
capabilities and activities of current and potential 
adversaries of the United States. 
(4) PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF VULNERABILITIES 
AND
LESSONS
LEARNED.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Cyber Policy shall establish procedures to— 
(A) identify vulnerabilities in the cybersecurity of the 
Department of Defense and the defense industrial base 
pursuant to the tabletop exercises carried out under the 
program; and 
(B) identify other lessons learned that can improve 
national security or the quality of such tabletop exercises. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than September 30, 2025, and 
annually thereafter until the October 1, 2029, the Secretary of 
Defense, acting through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for 
Cyber Policy, shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report describing the activities of the Department of Defense 
pursuant to this section during the preceding year. 
(c) PROGRAM DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘program’’ 
means the program established under subsection (a).
H. R. 5009—363 
SEC. 1505. ACCOUNTING OF CLOUD COMPUTING CAPABILITIES OF THE 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than October 15, 2025, and every 
six months thereafter, the Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees a report containing each covered cloud contract of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(b) REPORT CONTENTS.—Each report under subsection (a) shall 
include— 
(1) the covered cloud contracts submitted by the Office 
of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretaries of the military 
departments, the head of each Department of Defense Field 
Activity, and the commander of each combatant command under 
subsection (c); 
(2) a list of the cloud capabilities and services acquired 
across the Department of Defense under contracts other than 
covered cloud contracts; and 
(3) for each current or planned cloud contract of the Depart-
ment of Defense, the information described in the memorandum 
described in subsection (f) to show where cloud environments 
under such contracts are being used and the costs incurred 
by the Department outside of contracts authorized by the Chief 
Information Officer of the Department of Defense for cloud 
capabilities. 
(c) COLLECTION OF CLOUD CONTRACTS.—Upon the request of 
the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense, the 
Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretaries of the military 
departments, the head of each Department of Defense Field Activity, 
and the commander of each combatant command shall each submit 
to the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense 
the covered cloud contracts of such office, military department, 
Department of Defense Field Activity, or combatant command, 
respectively. 
(d) REPORT.—The Secretary of Defense shall include the 
information required to be contained in the report under subsection 
(a) for the covered cloud contracts of the Department of Defense 
in the budget justification materials (as defined in section 3(b)(2) 
of the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 
2006 (31 U.S.C. 6101 note)) submitted by the Department of Defense 
with respect to the budget of the President submitted to Congress 
pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, for fiscal 
year 2027, and for each fiscal year thereafter. 
(e) SUNSET.—This section shall terminate on December 31, 
2030. 
(f) COVERED CLOUD CONTRACT DEFINED.—The term ‘‘covered 
cloud contract’’ means a contract entered into under the multiple 
award contract described in the memorandum of the Chief Informa-
tion Officer of the Department of Defense titled ‘‘Department of 
Defense Joint Warfighting Cloud Capability and Next Steps to 
Rationalize Cloud Use Across the Department of Defense’’ and 
dated July 31, 2023.
H. R. 5009—364 
Subtitle B—Cybersecurity 
SEC. 1511. TERMINATION OF REPORTING REQUIREMENT FOR CROSS 
DOMAIN INCIDENTS AND EXEMPTIONS TO POLICIES FOR 
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. 
Section 1727 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 134 Stat. 4117; 10 U.S.C. 2224 note) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(c) TERMINATION DATE.—The requirement of the Secretary 
of Defense to submit a monthly report under subsection (a) shall 
terminate on December 31, 2025.’’. 
SEC. 1512. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS OF THE NATIONAL 
BACKGROUND INVESTIGATION SERVICE. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the authorizing official of the Defense Counterintelligence 
and Security Agency, in coordination with the Chief Information 
Officer of the Department of Defense, shall— 
(1) take such actions as may be necessary to ensure that 
the National Background Investigation Services are in compli-
ance with the relevant standards and guidelines published 
by the National Institution of Standards and Technology in 
NIST Special Publication 800–53, Revision 5 (relating to secu-
rity and privacy controls for information systems and organiza-
tions), or successor publication or revision thereto; and 
(2) submit to Congress a notice either— 
(A) certifying that such services are in compliance with 
such standards and guidelines; or 
(B) explaining why the authorizing official of the 
Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency is unable 
to certify that such services are in compliance with such 
standards and guidelines. 
SEC. 1513. GUIDANCE FOR APPLICATION OF ZERO TRUST STRATEGY 
TO INTERNET OF THINGS HARDWARE USED IN MILITARY 
OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Chief Information Officer of the 
Department of Defense shall develop guidance for how— 
(1) the zero trust strategy of the Department of Defense 
developed under section 1528 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (10 U.S.C. 2224 note) 
applies to Internet of Things hardware, including human-wear-
able devices, sensors, and other smart technology used by the 
United States in military operations; and 
(2) the role identity, credential, and access management 
technologies serve in enforcing such zero trust strategy. 
(b) INTERNET OF THINGS DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘Internet of Things’’ has the meaning given such term by the 
National Institution of Standards and Technology in NIST Special 
Publication 800-172 and any amendatory or superseding document 
relating thereto.
H. R. 5009—365 
SEC. 1514. MANAGEMENT AND CYBERSECURITY OF MULTI-CLOUD 
ENVIRONMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall, acting 
through the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense, 
develop a strategy for the management and cybersecurity of the 
multi-cloud environments of the Department. 
(b) STRATEGY.—The strategy required under subsection (a) 
shall— 
(1) align with the zero trust strategy of the Department 
of Defense entitled ‘‘DoD Zero Trust Strategy’’ and dated 
October 21, 2022, or any successor thereto; 
(2) provide the Department with network visibility and 
interoperability across the entirety of the multi-cloud environ-
ments of the Department; 
(3) rationalize user identities across such multi-cloud 
environments, 
including 
through 
the 
implementation 
of 
identity, credential, and access management technologies; 
(4) maintain the same means to secure endpoints across 
the Department; 
(5) provide means for improving the identification and reso-
lution of security concerns for each cloud environment prior 
to and during the adoption of such cloud environment by the 
Department; 
(6) assess means to increase the adoption of artificial intel-
ligence applications into the multi-cloud environments of the 
Department; 
(7) increase the transparency of the reporting by the 
Department on the usage of such multi-cloud environments 
by the Department to improve planning for capacity demand, 
budgeting, and predictability for users and the contractors of 
the Department providing such multi-cloud environments and 
the goods and services related to such multi-cloud environ-
ments; 
(8) identify opportunities to improve the planning of the 
Department for data use and storage in such cloud environ-
ments, including policies and processes to enforce protection 
of data provided by the Government when such data is used 
to train artificial intelligence models or other commercially 
developed software systems; 
(9) identify opportunities to streamline certification proc-
esses related to the provision of cloud services for cloud service 
providers; and 
(10) include a plan for training the necessary personnel 
of the Department on how to— 
(A) incorporate the use of multi-cloud environments 
into the performance of the functions of the Department; 
and 
(B) effectively leverage cybersecurity capabilities in 
such multi-cloud environments. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 240 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees the strategy developed pursuant to subsection (a) and, concur-
rent with such submission, provide to the congressional defense 
committees a briefing on such strategy.
H. R. 5009—366 
SEC. 1515. PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR MOBILE DEVICES WITHIN THE 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall carry out 
a detailed evaluation of the cybersecurity products and services 
for mobile devices to identify products and services that may 
improve the cybersecurity of mobile devices used by the Department 
of Defense, including mitigating the risk to the Department of 
Defense from cyber attacks against mobile devices. 
(b) CYBERSECURITY TECHNOLOGIES.—In carrying out the evalua-
tion required under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 
evaluate each of the following technologies: 
(1) Anonymizing-enabling technologies, including dynamic 
selector rotation, un-linkable payment structures, and anony-
mous onboarding. 
(2) Network-enabled full content inspection. 
(3) Mobile-device case hardware solutions. 
(4) On-device virtual private networks. 
(5) Protected Domain Name Server infrastructure. 
(6) Extended coverage for mobile device endpoint detection. 
(7) Smishing, phishing, and business text or email com-
promise protection leveraging generative artificial intelligence. 
(8) Any other emerging or established technologies deter-
mined appropriate by the Secretary. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—In carrying out the evaluation required under 
subsection (a), for each technology described in subsection (b), the 
Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) assess the efficacy and value of the cybersecurity pro-
vided by the technology for mobile devices; 
(2) assess the feasibility of scaling the technology across 
the entirety or components of the Department of Defense, 
including the timeline for deploying the technology across the 
entirety or components of the Department of Defense; and 
(3) evaluate the ability of the Department of Defense to 
integrate the technology with the existing cybersecurity 
architecture of the Department of Defense. 
(d) REPORT.—Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report of the findings of 
the evaluation carried out under subsection (a), including a deter-
mination whether the Department of Defense or any component 
thereof should procure or incorporate any of the technologies evalu-
ated pursuant to subsection (b). 
Subtitle C—Information Technology and 
Data Management 
SEC. 1521. USABILITY OF ANTIQUATED AND PROPRIETARY DATA FOR-
MATS FOR MODERN OPERATIONS. 
(a) STRATEGY AND ROADMAP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordina-
tion with the Secretaries of the military departments, shall 
develop— 
(A) a strategy for the Department of Defense, including 
each of the military departments, to identify, implement,
H. R. 5009—367 
and use modern data formats as the primary method of 
electronic communication for command and control activi-
ties and for weapon systems, including sensors associated 
with such weapon systems; and 
(B) an associated five-year roadmap for the Department 
of Defense, including each of the military departments, 
to implement modern data formats under the strategy 
described in subparagraph (A). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy and roadmap required under 
paragraph (1) shall include the following elements: 
(A) The activities of the Chief Digital and Artificial 
Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense to 
increase and synchronize the use of modern data formats 
and modern data sharing standards across the Department 
of Defense. 
(B) Development of standard definitions for modern 
and antiquated data formats, including a representative 
catalog of the types of data formats that fall under each 
category. 
(C) The activities of the military departments to 
increase the use of modern data formats and modern data 
sharing standards for command and control systems, 
weapon systems, and sensors associated with such weapon 
systems. 
(D) An identification of barriers to the use of modern 
data formats and modern data sharing standards within 
weapon systems and sensors associated with such weapon 
systems across the Department of Defense. 
(E) An identification of barriers to the use of modern 
data formats and modern data sharing standards within 
command and control systems across the Department of 
Defense. 
(F) An identification of limitations on combined joint 
all-domain command and control capabilities resulting from 
the use of antiquated data formats. 
(G) An identification of policy documents, instructions, 
or other guidance requiring an update pursuant to such 
strategy. 
(H) The sources of funding for each military depart-
ment with respect to implementation of such strategy. 
(3) SUBMISSION
TO
CONGRESS.—Upon completion of the 
strategy and roadmap required under this subsection, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed 
Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives such 
strategy. 
(4) MODERN DATA FORMATS.—For the purposes of this sub-
section, the term ‘‘modern data formats’’ includes— 
(A) the JavaScript Object Notation data format; 
(B) the Binary JavaScript Object Notation data format; 
(C) the Protocol Buffers data format; and 
(D) such other data formats that the Secretary of 
Defense determines would meet the requirements in this 
section. 
(b) PILOT PROGRAMS.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 60 days after the 
completion of the strategy required by subsection (a)—
H. R. 5009—368 
(A) the Secretary of Defense shall establish a pilot 
program under which the Department of Defense, other 
than the military departments, shall use modern data for-
mats to improve the usability and functionality of informa-
tion stored or produced in antiquated data formats, 
including by the automated conversion of such information 
to modern data formats; and 
(B) each Secretary of a military department shall estab-
lish a pilot program under which such military department 
shall use modern data formats as described in subpara-
graph (A). 
(2) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the completion 
of the strategy required by subsection (a), the Secretary of 
Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments shall 
each submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate 
and the House of Representatives a briefing on the progress 
of the pilot program established by such Secretary under this 
subsection, including specific examples of the use of modern 
data formats under such pilot program to improve the usability 
and functionality of information stored or produced in anti-
quated data formats. 
(3) SUNSET.—Each pilot program established under this 
subsection shall terminate on the date that is five years after 
the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(c) MILITARY DEPARTMENT DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘military department’’ has the meaning given such term in section 
101(a) of title 10, United States Code. 
SEC. 1522. MODERNIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE’S 
AUTHORIZATION TO OPERATE PROCESSES. 
(a) ACTIVE DIRECTORY OF AUTHORIZING OFFICIALS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the Chief Information Officer of the Department of 
Defense and in coordination with the Chief Information Officers 
of the military departments, shall establish and regularly 
update a digital directory of all authorizing officials in the 
military departments. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The directory established under paragraph 
(1) shall include— 
(A) the most current contact information for such 
authorizing official; and 
(B) a list of each training required to perform the 
duties and responsibilities of an authorizing official com-
pleted by such authorizing official. 
(b) PRESUMPTION
OF
RECIPROCAL
SOFTWARE
ACCREDITING 
STANDARDS.— 
(1) POLICY REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, 
acting through the Chief Information Officer of the Department 
of Defense, shall implement a policy that requires authorizing 
officials to adopt the security analysis and artifacts, as appro-
priate, of a cloud-hosted platform, service, or application that 
has already been authorized by another authorizing official 
in the Department of Defense in order to more rapidly adopt 
and use such cloud-hosted platforms, services, and applications, 
at the corresponding classification level and in accordance with
H. R. 5009—369 
the existing authorization conditions, without additional 
authorizations or reviews. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The Secretary shall ensure that the policy 
implemented under paragraph (1)— 
(A) ensures the development of standardized and trans-
parent documentation of the security, accreditation, 
performance, and operational capabilities of cloud-hosted 
platforms, services, and applications to enable decision 
making by mission owners of such cloud-hosted platforms, 
services, and applications; 
(B) provides for an intuitive and digital workflow to 
document acknowledgments among mission owners and 
system owners of use of the operational capabilities of 
cloud-hosted platforms, services, and applications; 
(C) directs a review by mission owners of existing 
authorization information, at the appropriate classification 
level, regarding the status of the operational capabilities 
of cloud-hosted platforms, services, and applications, 
including through management dashboards or other 
management analytic capabilities; and 
(D) defines a process, including required timelines, to 
allow authorizing officials that disagree with the security 
analysis of a cloud-hosted platform, service, or application 
that such official would be required to adopt under such 
policy to present such disagreement to the Chief Informa-
tion Officer of the Department of Defense, or such other 
individual or entity designated by the Chief Information 
Officer, for adjudication. 
(3) APPLICABILITY.—The policy implemented pursuant to 
subsection (a) shall apply to— 
(A) all authorizing officials in the Department of 
Defense, including in each military department, component, 
and agency of the Department; and 
(B) all operational capabilities of cloud-hosted plat-
forms, services, and applications, including capabilities on 
public cloud infrastructure, as authorized through the Fed-
eral Risk and Authorization Management Program estab-
lished under section 3608 of title 44, United States Code, 
and the Defense Information Systems Agency, and capabili-
ties on private cloud landing zones managed by the Depart-
ment of Defense that are authorized by Department accred-
iting officials. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report on the status of the implementa-
tion of subsections (a) and (b). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) the term ‘‘Authorization to Operate’’ has the meaning 
given such term in the Office of Management and Budget 
Circular A-130; 
(2) the term ‘‘authorizing official’’ means an officer who 
is authorized to assume responsibility for operating an informa-
tion system at an acceptable level of risk to organizational 
operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), 
organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the 
United States;
H. R. 5009—370 
(3) the term ‘‘military departments’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code; 
(4) the term ‘‘mission owner’’ means the user of a cloud- 
based platform, service, or application; and 
(5) the term ‘‘system owner’’ means the element of the 
Department of Defense responsible for acquiring a cloud-based 
platform, service, or application, but which is not a mission 
owner of such cloud-based platform, service, or application. 
SEC. 1523. UPDATE OF BIOMETRIC POLICY OF DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Intelligence and Security shall update the policy of the Department 
of Defense regarding the protection of biometric data. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The policy updates required by subsection (a) 
shall include the following: 
(1) Standards for encrypting and protecting data on 
biometric collection devices. 
(2) A requirement to sanitize biometric data from collection 
devices and hard drives prior to disposal of the devices and 
hard drives. 
(3) A requirement that components of the Department 
maintain records that they have sanitized all data from 
biometric collection devices when the devices are turned in 
for disposal. 
Subtitle D—Artificial Intelligence 
SEC. 1531. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HUMAN FACTORS INTEGRATION 
INITIATIVE. 
(a) INITIATIVE REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering, in coordination with the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the 
Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense, shall establish an initiative— 
(A) to improve the human usability of artificial intel-
ligence systems and information derived from such systems 
through the application of cognitive ergonomics techniques; 
and 
(B) to improve the human usability and cognitive 
effectiveness of artificial intelligence systems adopted by 
the Department of Defense by ensuring that design tools 
and metrics are available for artificial intelligence and 
machine learning programs that ensure human factors 
considerations are included for such systems. 
(2) DESIGNATION.—The initiative established pursuant to 
paragraph (1) shall be known as the ‘‘Artificial Intelligence 
Human Factors Integration Initiative’’ (in this section the ‘‘Ini-
tiative’’). 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary of Defense for Research 
and Engineering, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment, and the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence
H. R. 5009—371 
Officer of the Department of Defense shall jointly brief the Com-
mittee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives on the following: 
(1) Existing research and development work within the 
Department of Defense laboratories relating to human-machine 
teaming, human-centered design, cognitive load, cognitive 
ergonomics, and similar topics that are currently being used 
or could be used to inform or enhance Department personnel 
usability of artificial intelligence systems and artificial intel-
ligence-derived information. 
(2) Identification of gaps in research with respect to inter-
actions of personnel of the Department with artificial intel-
ligence systems in warfighting and nonwarfighting environ-
ments that may necessitate additional research within the Fed-
eral Government, industry, or academia. 
(3) Identification of relevant tools, methodologies, testing 
processes or systems, and evaluation metrics that may be of 
use to the Department in improving the cognitive ergonomic 
and human usability features of artificial intelligence systems 
for personnel of the Department. 
(c) PLAN.—Not later than 90 days after the date on which 
the briefing required by subsection (b) is provided, the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Research and Engineering, the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the Chief 
Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of 
Defense shall jointly develop and implement a plan to— 
(1) work with the military departments (as defined in sec-
tion 101(a) of title 10, United States Code) and other compo-
nents of the Department to ensure human factors and human 
systems integration elements are considered early in the 
development or evaluation process with respect to the procure-
ment, adoption, or use of artificial intelligence systems or artifi-
cial intelligence-derived information; 
(2) convene research meetings or other forums to coordinate 
cognitive ergonomics research or related research challenges 
with a broad community of academic, commercial, and inter-
national partners; 
(3) work with the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence 
Officer of the Department of Defense to review commercial 
toolsets to assess the level of human factors integration invest-
ment of such commercial toolsets; and 
(4) develop guidance based on the research and develop-
ment work identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1) regarding 
how to create a framework or taxonomy for characterizing 
the exercise of appropriate levels of human judgment within 
Department of Defense Directive 3000.09 (relating to Autonomy 
in Weapons Systems), or successor directive, for artificial intel-
ligence programs in the Department. 
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to prohibit or otherwise limit the authority of the Sec-
retary of Defense to research, develop, improve, or acquire any 
weapon system or other capability that is enabled, empowered, 
enhanced, or improved by artificial intelligence, machine learning, 
or a large language model.
H. R. 5009—372 
SEC. 1532. ADVANCED COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE TO ENABLE 
ADVANCED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall establish a 
program, or designate an existing program, to meet the testing 
and processing requirements for next generation advanced artificial 
intelligence capabilities. 
(b) DEVELOPMENT AND EXPANSION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM-
PUTING INFRASTRUCTURE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Under the program established or des-
ignated under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 
expand the infrastructure of the Department of Defense for 
development and deployment of military applications of high- 
performance computing and artificial intelligence capabilities 
that are located at installations of the Department or accessible 
through commercial cloud or hybrid-cloud environments. 
(2) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS.—(A) The Sec-
retary of Defense shall ensure that a portion of the infrastruc-
ture added pursuant to paragraph (1) is— 
(i) dedicated to providing access to modern artificial 
intelligence accelerators for training, fine-tuning, modi-
fying, and deploying large artificial intelligence systems; 
and 
(ii) configured in accordance with industry best prac-
tices. 
(B) In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary of 
Defense shall ensure, to the extent practical, that the Depart-
ment of Defense does not use the portion of the infrastructure 
described in such subparagraph for the development of new 
artificial intelligence systems to the extent that such infrastruc-
ture is duplicative of readily available commercial or open 
source products or services that meet or are reasonably capable 
of meeting the physical and data security standards of the 
Department. 
(c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING ROADMAP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Under the program established or des-
ignated under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 
develop a roadmap that describes the high-performance com-
puting infrastructure needed for the Department of Defense 
to research, test, develop, and evaluate advanced artificial intel-
ligence applications projected over the period covered by the 
future-years defense program. 
(2) ASSESSMENT.—The roadmap required by paragraph (1) 
shall include assessments of the following: 
(A) The anticipated processing for advanced artificial 
intelligence applications of the Department of Defense 
during the period covered by the roadmap, including the 
computing needs associated with the development of such 
advanced artificial intelligence applications. 
(B) The physical and data security standards required 
for the infrastructure for the research, development, 
testing, and evaluation of advanced artificial intelligence 
applications, including data handling requirements. 
(C) The evaluation, milestones, and resourcing needs 
to maintain and expand the computing infrastructure nec-
essary for the computing needs described in subparagraph 
(A). 
(d) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT.—
H. R. 5009—373 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Using the infrastructure added under 
the program established or designated under subsection (a), 
the Secretary of Defense shall develop advanced artificial intel-
ligence systems that have general-purpose military applications 
for multiple data formats, including text, audio, and graphical. 
(2) TRAINING OF SYSTEMS.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
ensure that advanced artificial intelligence systems developed 
pursuant to paragraph (1) are trained using datasets curated 
by the Department of Defense using general, openly or commer-
cially available sources of such data, or data owned by the 
Department, depending on the appropriate use case. Such sys-
tems may use openly or commercially available artificial intel-
ligence systems, including those available through infrastruc-
ture located at installations of the Department or cloud or 
hybrid-cloud environments, for development or fine-tuning. 
(e) COORDINATION AND DUPLICATION.—In establishing or desig-
nating the program under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense 
shall consult with the Secretary of Energy to ensure that none 
of the activities carried out under this section are duplicative of 
any activity of a research entity of the Department of Energy, 
including the following: 
(1) The National Laboratories. 
(2) The Advanced Scientific Computing Research program. 
(3) The Advanced Simulation and Computing program. 
SEC. 1533. COST BUDGETING FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DATA. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer of the Department of Defense, in consultation with 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment 
and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, 
shall develop a plan to ensure that the budgeting process for pro-
grams containing artificial intelligence components or subcompo-
nents, including artificial intelligence support systems, models, or 
analysis tools, includes estimates for the types of data required 
to train, maintain, or improve the artificial intelligence components 
or subcomponents contained within such programs and estimated 
costs for the acquisition and sustainment of such data. 
(b) ELEMENTS OF PLAN.—The plan required under subsection 
(a) shall include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the current programs of the Depart-
ment of Defense containing artificial intelligence components 
or subcomponents, such as large language models, including 
the sources and costs for structured and unstructured training 
data for such artificial intelligence components. 
(2) An estimate of the costs associated with the data 
required to train, maintain, or improve artificial intelligence 
models or systems for programs that are ongoing or proposed 
as of enactment of this Act and which are not otherwise cur-
rently accounted for in a program of record. 
(3) An estimate of the costs associated with providing access 
to capabilities for data preparation, including tooling, indexing, 
and data tagging or labeling, including for the protection of 
data provided by the Government from unauthorized use during 
the algorithm training process and the ongoing control by the 
Government of such data during such process.
H. R. 5009—374 
(4) Mapping of the acquisition lifecycle for the programs 
described in paragraph (1) to align budgeting milestones with 
critical design or decision points in the budgeting and execution 
processes of the Department of Defense. 
(5) A framework for estimating the costs described in para-
graph (2) and ensuring the costs associated with the data 
required to train, maintain, or improve artificial intelligence 
models or systems are appropriately incorporated into lifecycle 
sustainment estimates for future programs containing artificial 
intelligence components or subcomponents. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary of Defense shall begin 
implementing the plan required by subsection (a) not later than 
90 days after the date on which development of the plan required 
by subsection (a) is completed. 
(d) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than once annually 
thereafter until 2027, the Secretary shall provide the congressional 
defense committees a briefing on the implementation of the plan 
developed pursuant to subsection (a). 
SEC. 1534. EVALUATION OF FEDERATED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE- 
ENABLED WEAPON SYSTEMS CENTER OF EXCELLENCE. 
(a) EVALUATION OF CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE.—The Secretary 
of Defense shall determine the advisability and feasibility of estab-
lishing a center or centers of excellence to carry out the functions 
described in subsection (b) to support the development and matura-
tion of artificial intelligence-enabled weapon systems by organiza-
tions within the Department of Defense that— 
(1) were in effect on the day before the date of the enact-
ment of this Act; and 
(2) have appropriate core competencies relating to the func-
tions described in subsection (b). 
(b) FUNCTIONS.—The functions described in this subsection are 
the following: 
(1) Capturing, analyzing, assessing, and sharing lessons 
learned across the Department of Defense regarding the latest 
advancements in artificial intelligence-enabled weapon systems, 
countermeasures, tactics, techniques and procedures, and 
training methodologies. 
(2) Facilitating collaboration among the Department of 
Defense and foreign partners, including Ukraine, to identify 
and promulgate best practices, safety guidelines, standards, 
and benchmarks. 
(3) Facilitating collaboration among the Department, 
industry, academia, and not-for-profit organizations in the 
United States, including industry with expertise in autonomous 
weapon systems and other nontraditional weapon systems that 
utilize artificial intelligence as determined by the Secretary 
of Defense. 
(4) Serving as a focal point for digital talent training and 
upskilling for the Department, and as the Secretary of Defense 
considers appropriate, providing enterprise-level tools and solu-
tions based on these best practices, standards, and benchmarks. 
(5) Carrying out such other responsibilities as the Secretary 
of Defense determines appropriate. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall—
H. R. 5009—375 
(1) submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
on the determination of the Secretary required under subsection 
(a) and, if such determination is that establishing a center 
or centers of excellence described in such subsection is advisable 
and feasible, a plan for establishing such center or centers; 
and 
(2) if the Secretary submits a plan under paragraph (1), 
provide the congressional defense committees a briefing on 
such plan. 
(d) 
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE-ENABLED
WEAPON
SYSTEM 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘artificial intelligence-enabled 
weapon system’’ includes autonomous weapon systems, as deter-
mined by the Secretary of Defense. 
Subtitle E—Reports and Other Matters 
SEC. 1541. OVERSIGHT AND REPORTING ON THE MISSION PARTNER 
ENVIRONMENT AND ASSOCIATED ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2025 for 
the Mission Partner Environment program, not more than 90 per-
cent may be obligated or expended prior to the date on which 
the Secretary of Defense makes the certification required by sub-
section (b). 
(b) CERTIFICATION.—The Secretary of Defense shall certify to 
the congressional defense committees that— 
(1) the Secretary of the Air Force, in conjunction with 
the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense, 
has developed an executable implementation plan for the Mis-
sion Partner Environment to meet the operational requirements 
of the Department for command and control information 
sharing networks, including a modernization plan that reduces 
nonstandardized hardware solutions, sunsets legacy hardware, 
and fully integrates into the combined joint all-domain com-
mand and control initiative; and 
(2) in coordination with the commander of each geographic 
combatant command, the Secretary of the Air Force is imple-
menting defined and measurable actions to meet the operational 
planning, implementation, and ongoing operational Mission 
Partner Environment requirements for global and regional proc-
essing nodes to sustain existing information networks for the 
area of responsibility for each such combatant command. 
(c) ANNUAL BRIEFINGS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than October 1, 2025, and 
annually thereafter until October 1, 2030, the Deputy Secretary 
of Defense, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 
the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense, 
the head of the Information Security Risk Management Com-
mittee of the Department of Defense, the director of the Mission 
Partner Capability Office, the Executive Agent for the Mission 
Partner Environment, and a senior military service representa-
tive for each of the Armed Forces shall provide to the congres-
sional defense committees a briefing on the Mission Partner 
Environment and related activities within the Department of
H. R. 5009—376 
Defense, including the modernization of the Mission Partner 
Environment. 
(2) COMBATANT COMMANDS.—A senior representative from 
each unified combatant command shall attend and participate 
in each briefing required by paragraph (1). 
(d) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing required by subsection (c) shall 
include the following: 
(1) A description of all efforts of the Department of Defense 
for the Mission Partner Environment. 
(2) A description of the overall progress on implementation 
and modernization of the Mission Partner Environment across 
the entirety of the Department of Defense as of the date of 
the briefing and, for each such briefing after the first such 
briefing, the progress made on such implementation and mod-
ernization since the preceding briefing under such subsection. 
(3) An explanation of any changes in policy necessary to 
execute on the Mission Partner Environment, including changes 
made during the period covered by the briefing and changes 
that are planned as of the time of the briefing. 
(4) An explanation of any changes to the governance of 
the Mission Partner Environment within the Department of 
Defense, including changes made during the period covered 
by the briefing and changes that are planned as of the time 
of the briefing. 
(5) A detailed programmatic table of the funding for the 
combined Mission Partner Environment efforts of the Office 
of the Secretary of Defense, the military departments, and 
the combatant commands as set forth in the budget of the 
President most recently submitted to Congress under section 
1105 of title 31, United States Code. 
(e) MODIFICATION TO CJADC2 BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Sec-
tion 1076 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 134 
Stat. 3866), as amended by section 1504 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 137 
Stat. 538), is further amended by amending subsection (a) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(a) BIANNUAL BRIEFINGS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—During the period beginning on October 
1, 2021, and ending on October 1, 2028, the Deputy Secretary 
of Defense, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 
the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the 
Department of Defense, the Chief Information Officer of the 
Department of Defense, and a senior military service represent-
ative for each of the Armed Forces shall provide to the congres-
sional defense committees biannual briefings on the progress 
of the Joint All Domain Command and Control (in this section 
referred to as ‘JADC2’) effort of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(2) ANNUAL PARTICIPATION BY CERTAIN COMBATANT COM-
MANDS.—For each fiscal year during the period specified in 
paragraph (1), a senior representative from each of the United 
States Indo-Pacific Command, United States Central Command, 
and United States European Command shall participate in 
the provision of the first biannual briefing under such para-
graph following the submission of the budget of the President 
to Congress under section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, 
for that fiscal year.’’.
H. R. 5009—377 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) the terms ‘‘Defense Agency’’ and ‘‘military departments’’ 
have the meanings given such terms, respectively, in section 
101(a) of title 10, United States Code; 
(2) the term ‘‘Mission Partner Environment’’ means the 
operating framework enabling command and control, informa-
tion sharing, and the exchange of data between the Department 
of Defense and partners and allies of the United States partici-
pating in a military or other operation for the purposes of 
planning and executing such operation through the use of 
common standards governance and procedures, including activi-
ties the Office of the Secretary of Defense, military depart-
ments, unified combatant commands (as defined in section 161 
of title 10, United States Code), and Defense Agencies relating 
to the operation, modernization, implementation, or oversight 
of, or resourcing of networks or applications designed for such 
framework; and 
(3) the term ‘‘unified combatant command’’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 161 of title 10, United States Code. 
SEC. 1542. EXTENSION OF CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT REGARDING 
CONTRACTING FOR MILITARY RECRUITING. 
Section 1555(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 137 Stat. 581; 10 U.S.C. 
503 note) is amended by striking ‘‘one year’’ and inserting ‘‘two 
years’’. 
SEC. 1543. PROHIBITION ON DISESTABLISHMENT OR MERGER OF 
OFFICER CAREER PATHS WITHIN THE CYBER BRANCH 
OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY. 
(a) NOTICE REQUIRED.—The Secretary of the Army may not 
initiate a covered activity until the date that is 270 days after 
the date on which the Secretary submits to the congressional 
defense committees a notice described in subsection (b) with respect 
to such covered activity. 
(b) NOTICE ELEMENTS.—The notice described in this subsection 
is a written notice of the intent of the Secretary of the Army 
to initiate a covered activity and includes— 
(1) an explanation of such covered activity; 
(2) an estimate of the costs associated with such covered 
activity; 
(3) an explanation of the effects associated with such cov-
ered activity, including any changes to personnel training; and 
(4) a timeline for the covered activity. 
(c) COVERED ACTIVITY DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘cov-
ered activity’’ means any actions to disestablish or merge the Cyber 
Warfare Officer and Cyber Electromagnetic Warfare Officer career 
paths within the Cyber Branch of the Army. 
SEC. 1544. INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT OF CYBER ORGANIZATIONAL 
MODELS. 
(a) AGREEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall seek to 
enter into an agreement with the National Academies of 
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘National Academies’’) for the National Academies 
to conduct an evaluation of alternative organizational models 
for the cyber forces of the Armed Forces.
H. R. 5009—378 
(2) TIMING.—The Secretary shall seek to enter into the 
agreement described in paragraph (1) by the date that is not 
later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act. 
(b) EVALUATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The evaluation of alternative organiza-
tional models conducted by the National Academies under an 
agreement entered into pursuant to subsection (a) shall 
include— 
(A) refining and further evolving the current organiza-
tional approach for the cyber forces of the Armed Forces; 
(B) the feasibility and advisability of establishing a 
separate Armed Force in the Department of Defense dedi-
cated to operations in the cyber domain; 
(C) consideration of adoption or adaptation of alter-
native organizational models for the cyber forces of the 
Armed Forces; 
(D) consideration of an organizational model combining 
the refinement and evolution described in subparagraph 
(A) and the establishment of a separate Armed Force 
described in subparagraph (B); and 
(E) any other organizational models for the cyber forces 
of the Armed Forces determined feasible and advisable 
by the National Academies. 
(2) SCOPE.—In carrying out the evaluation described in 
paragraph (1), for each organizational model evaluated the 
National Academies shall consider— 
(A) the effects of the organizational model on— 
(i) the ability of the Department of Defense to 
effectively conduct military cyber operations, including 
offensive, defensive and analytical missions; 
(ii) the ability of the Department to organize, train, 
and equip military cyber operations forces (including 
military, civilian and other enabling personnel); 
(iii) the recruitment, retention, and workforce 
development policies of the Department of Defense 
with respect to the personnel needed for military cyber 
operations; 
(iv) the division of responsibilities between a dedi-
cated cyber force and the other Armed Forces with 
respect to network management, resourcing, policy, 
and operations; 
(v) the doctrine and use of the military cyber oper-
ations forces; and 
(vi) the costs to the Department resulting; 
(B) such other effects of the organizational model on 
the operations of the Department; and 
(C) the relevant authorities and policies of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(c) SUPPORT
FROM
FEDERALLY
FUNDED
RESEARCH
AND 
DEVELOPMENT CENTER.—Upon a request from the National Acad-
emies, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with 
a federally funded research and development center under which 
such federally funded research and development center shall sup-
port the National Academies in conducting the evaluation of alter-
native organizational models under an agreement entered into 
pursuant to subsection (a).
H. R. 5009—379 
(d) ACCESS TO DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PERSONNEL, INFORMA-
TION, AND RESOURCES.—An agreement entered into between the 
Secretary of Defense and the National Academies pursuant to sub-
section (a) shall— 
(1) require the Secretary to provide to the National Acad-
emies access to such personnel, information, and resources 
of the Department of Defense as jointly determined necessary 
by the National Academies and the Secretary for the National 
Academies to conduct the evaluation of alternative organiza-
tional models under such agreement; and 
(2) if the Secretary refuses to provide the access described 
in paragraph (1) or any other major obstacle to such access 
occurs, require the National Academies to notify the congres-
sional defense committees of such refusal or obstacle not later 
than seven days after the date of such refusal or on which 
the National Academies become aware of such obstacle, as 
applicable. 
(e) REPORT.— 
(1) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—An agreement entered into 
between the Secretary of Defense and the National Academies 
under subsection (a) shall— 
(A) require the National Academies to submit to the 
congressional defense committees a consensus report con-
taining the findings of the National Academies with respect 
to the evaluation of alternative organizational models con-
ducted by the National Academies under an agreement 
entered into pursuant to subsection (a); 
(B) require the National Academies to submit such 
report in an unclassified manner; and 
(C) permit the National Academies to include in such 
report a classified annex. 
(2) PROHIBITION
AGAINST
INTERFERENCE.—No officer or 
employee of the Federal Government may take or fail to take 
any action, or cause any action to be taken or not be taken, 
for the purpose of altering the findings of the National Acad-
emies in the report required pursuant to paragraph (1) prior 
to the submission of such report pursuant to such paragraph. 
(3) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE VIEWS ON ASSESSMENT.—Not 
later than 90 days after the date on which the National Acad-
emies submits to the congressional defense committees the 
report required pursuant to paragraph (1) with respect to the 
evaluation of alternative organizational models conducted by 
the National Academies under an agreement entered into 
pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall pro-
vide to the congressional defense committees a briefing on 
the opinions of the Secretary with respect to such evaluation. 
SEC. 1545. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR THE JOINT 
CYBER WARFIGHTING ARCHITECTURE. 
(a) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2025 for 
the Joint Cyber Warfighting Architecture, not more than 95 percent 
may be obligated or expended until the date on which the Com-
mander of United States Cyber Command provides to the congres-
sional defense committees the plan required in subsection (b). 
(b) PLAN.—
H. R. 5009—380 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commander of United States Cyber 
Command shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a plan to transition the Department of Defense from the Joint 
Cyber Warfighting Architecture to the successor to the Joint 
Cyber Warfighting Architecture. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The plan required by paragraph (1) shall 
include the following: 
(A) Details for ceasing or minimizing continued 
development on the current Joint Cyber Warfighting 
Architecture components, including a timeline for stabi-
lizing the current architecture of the Joint Cyber 
Warfighting Architecture within 12 to 18 months of the 
date on which the Commander of United States Cyber 
Command submits such plan to the congressional defense 
and the resources available across the future-years defense 
plan as a result of such actions. 
(B) Requirements and an initial plan for a successor 
to the Joint Cyber Warfighting Architecture, including 
timelines, coordination with the military departments, 
descriptions of proposed new capability sets, mapping of 
current Joint Cyber Warfighting Architecture capabilities 
to proposed new capabilities, and any additional authority 
or resource required to transition to such successor beyond 
those available under the rephasing of the program. 
(c) JOINT CYBER WARFIGHTING ARCHITECTURE DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘Joint Cyber Warfighting Architecture’’ has 
the meaning given such term under section 1509 of the James 
M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 
(Public Law 117-263; 136 Stat. 2886; 10 U.S.C. 167b note). 
SEC. 1546. RISK FRAMEWORK FOR FOREIGN MOBILE APPLICATIONS 
OF CONCERN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Chief Information Officer of the 
Department of Defense, in coordination with the Under Secretary 
of Defense for Intelligence and Security, shall submit to Congress 
a report on— 
(1) the feasibility and advisability of developing comprehen-
sive guidance on personal mobile devices and mobile applica-
tions for personnel of the Department of Defense; 
(2) the feasibility and advisability of developing categorical 
definitions of mobile applications of concern with respect to 
personnel or operations of the Department of Defense; 
(3) the feasibility and advisability of creating, and updating 
not less than annually, a risk framework with respect to 
Department personnel or operations that assesses mobile 
applications or groupings thereof for potential risks to the per-
sonnel or operations of the Department, including— 
(A) the collection, retention, sale, and potential misuse 
of data; 
(B) exposure to misinformation and disinformation; 
(C) software bill of materials; and 
(D) ownership, origination, authorship, or other rela-
tionship of an application with the governments of the 
Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China, the 
Islamic Republic of Iran, or the Democratic People’s 
Republic of Korea;
H. R. 5009—381 
(4) a description of any statutory or policy restrictions 
affecting ability of the Department to provide guidance to per-
sonnel of the Department regarding personal mobile devices 
and applications, including any variations of such guidance 
based on location, status, visibility, or work role; and 
(5) such other information as the Chief Information Officer 
of the Department of Defense determines appropriate. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until December 
31, 2027, the Chief Information Officer of the Department of 
Defense, in coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Intelligence and Security, shall provide to Congress a report 
describing— 
(1) not fewer than 10 mobile applications or application 
groupings of particular concern to the Department of Defense, 
including a description of the problematic characteristics of 
such applications or application groupings; 
(2) the current guidance of the Department related to per-
sonal mobile devices and mobile applications and, except for 
the first report submitted under this subsection, including a 
description of any changes to such guidance during the period 
since the previous report was submitted under this subsection; 
(3) the current and planned workforce education efforts 
undertaken by components of the Department that provide 
best practices, guidance, requirements, or other relevant mate-
rial to personnel of the Department regarding personal mobile 
device and mobile applications, and, except for the first report 
submitted under this subsection, a description of any changes 
in such efforts during the period since the previous report 
was submitted under this subsection; and 
(4) any changes to the assessments of feasibility and advis-
ability in the report required under subsection (a). 
(c) UPDATE BRIEFING.—Not later than April 30, 2025, the Chief 
Information Officer of the Department of the Defense, in coordina-
tion with the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Secu-
rity, shall provide to Congress a briefing on the status of the 
report required under subsection (a). 
(d) REPORT FORM.—The reports required under this section 
shall be in an unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 
SEC. 1547. JOINT PARTNER-SHARING NETWORK CAPABILITIES FOR 
MIDDLE EAST DEFENSE INTEGRATION. 
(a) INITIATIVE REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report on 
how to improve cooperation between the Department of Defense 
and allies and partners of the United States located in the 
Middle East to improve the use of partner-sharing network 
capabilities to facilitate joint defense efforts among the United 
States and such allies and partners to protect the people, infra-
structure, and territory of the United States and such allies 
and partners from state and non-state actors determined by 
the Secretary to undermine the national security interests of 
the United States. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The report submitted pursuant to para-
graph (1) shall include the following:
H. R. 5009—382 
(A) A summary of ongoing efforts by United States 
Central Command, or in which United States Central Com-
mand is participating, to implement a joint partner-sharing 
network capability integrated with the assets of allies and 
partners of the United States who are located in the Middle 
East. 
(B) A summary of challenges to further facilitate the 
implementation of a joint partner-sharing network capa-
bility integrated with the assets of Middle Eastern allies 
and partners, including actions or decisions that need to 
be taken by other organizations. 
(C) A recommendation of actions that can be taken 
to address the challenges summarized pursuant to subpara-
graph (B). 
(D) An assessment of how the implementation of a 
joint partner-sharing network capability that would be 
available to integrate with allies and partners of the United 
States in the Middle East— 
(i) could demonstrate new tools, techniques, or 
methodologies for data-driven decision making; 
(ii) accelerate sharing of relevant data, data visual-
ization, and data analysis implemented through cryp-
tographic data access controls and enforcing existing 
data sharing restrictions across multiple security 
levels; and 
(iii) leverage current activities in multi-cloud com-
puting environments to reduce the reliance on solely 
hardware-based networking solutions. 
(E) A recommendation of actions that can be taken 
to implement a joint partner-sharing network capability 
integrated with allies and partners of the United States 
in the Middle East, including identification of policy, 
resource, workforce, or other shortfalls. 
(F) Such other matters as the Secretary of Defense 
considers relevant. 
(3) METRICS.—The Secretary of Defense shall include in 
the report required by paragraph (1) recommended metrics 
for assessing progress towards improving the use of partner- 
sharing network capabilities to facilitate the joint defense 
efforts described in such paragraph. 
(4) FORM.—The report required by paragraph (1) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex. 
(5) PROTECTION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION.—No activity 
may be carried out under this section without an approved 
program protection plan and overarching classification guide 
to enforce technology and information protection protocols that 
protect sensitive information and the national security interests 
of the United States. 
(b) ASSESSMENT OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMBATANT COM-
MAND WARFIGHTER FORUM FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.— 
(1) ASSESSMENT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Chief Data and Artificial 
Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense shall deter-
mine the policies and procedures required to establish a forum 
for warfighters in the combatant commands on artificial intel-
ligence that would help promote coordination and interchange
H. R. 5009—383 
on issues relating to artificial intelligence tools, methodologies, 
training, exercises, and operational research within and among 
the combatant commands. 
(2) PURPOSES FOR CONSIDERATION.—In developing the poli-
cies and procedures required by paragraph (1), the Chief Data 
and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense 
shall consider the following as primary purposes of the forum: 
(A) Identification of use cases for the near-term applica-
tion of artificial intelligence tools, including commercially 
available artificial intelligence tools, data, methodologies, 
or techniques. 
(B) Categorization of risk for the use cases identified 
pursuant to subparagraph (A), and consideration of risk- 
management process or other procedural guidelines for 
enforcing current policy. 
(C) Identification and prioritization of current artificial 
intelligence tools or emerging technologies applicable to 
the use-cases identified pursuant to subparagraph (A) that 
also meet policy guidelines and standards set by the 
Department. 
(D) Identification of shortfalls in training or billets 
for artificial intelligence-related expertise or personnel 
within the combatant commands. 
(E) Coordination on training and experimentation 
venues, including with regional partners and allies. 
(F) Identification of opportunities for enhanced coopera-
tion with regional partners and allies. 
(G) Identification of opportunities for the combatant 
commands, working with other elements of the Department 
of Defense, such as the Defense Innovation Unit, to better 
procure commercial artificial intelligence capabilities, 
including from partner and allied industrial bases. 
(3) REPORT.—(A) Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report on 
the assessment described in paragraph (1). 
(B) The report submitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
shall include the following: 
(i) A summary of the policies and procedures needed 
pursuant to paragraph (1). 
(ii) A summary of the efforts described in paragraph 
(1) to fulfill each of the purposes considered under para-
graph (2). 
TITLE XVI—SPACE ACTIVITIES, STRA-
TEGIC 
PROGRAMS, 
AND 
INTEL-
LIGENCE MATTERS 
Subtitle A—Space Activities 
Sec. 1601. Modification of Air Force space contractor responsibility watch list. 
Sec. 1602. Establishment of Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve. 
Sec. 1603. Space Force satellite ground systems. 
Sec. 1604. Modification of notification of foreign interference of national security 
space. 
Sec. 1605. Modifications to National Security Space Launch program. 
Sec. 1606. Comptroller General review regarding Global Positioning System mod-
ernization and other positioning, navigation, and timing systems.
H. R. 5009—384 
Sec. 1607. Senior Advisor for Space Command, Control, and Integration. 
Sec. 1608. Pilot program to demonstrate hybrid satellite communication architec-
ture. 
Sec. 1609. Middle East integrated space and satellite security assessment. 
Sec. 1610. Annual briefing on commercial space strategy of the Space Force. 
Subtitle B—Defense Intelligence and Intelligence-Related Activities 
Sec. 1611. Extension and modification of authority to engage in certain commercial 
activities as security for intelligence collection activities. 
Sec. 1612. Cyber intelligence capability. 
Sec. 1613. Authority of Army counterintelligence agents. 
Sec. 1614. Extension and modification of defense intelligence and counterintel-
ligence expense authority. 
Sec. 1615. Intelligence advice and Department of Defense support for Government 
of Israel in the defeat of Hamas. 
Subtitle C—Nuclear Forces 
Sec. 1621. Establishment of Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear Deterrence, 
Chemical, and Biological Defense Policy and Programs; improvements to 
processes of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. 
Sec. 1622. Extension and modification of certifications regarding integrated tactical 
warning and attack assessment mission of the Department of the Air 
Force. 
Sec. 1623. Periodic updates on the modernization of the Strategic Automated Com-
mand and Control System. 
Sec. 1624. Modified requirements for report on the plan for the nuclear weapons 
stockpile, nuclear weapons complex, nuclear weapons delivery systems, 
and nuclear weapons command and control system. 
Sec. 1625. Matters relating to pilot program on development of reentry vehicles and 
related systems. 
Sec. 1626. Expansion of nuclear long range standoff capability. 
Sec. 1627. Matters relating to the nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile. 
Sec. 1628. Availability of Air Force procurement funds for heat shield material for 
Mark 21A reentry vehicle. 
Sec. 1629. Conditional requirements for Sentinel intercontinental ballistic missile 
program. 
Sec. 1630. Prohibition on reduction of intercontinental ballistic missiles of the 
United States. 
Sec. 1631. Limitation on use of funds for altering Air Force Global Strike Com-
mand. 
Sec. 1632. Limitations on use of funds to dismantle B83–1 nuclear gravity bomb. 
Sec. 1633. Limitation on availability of funds pending submission of plan for de-
creasing the time to upload additional warheads to the intercontinental 
ballistic missile fleet. 
Sec. 1634. Limitation on availability of funds pending submission of information on 
options for enhancing National Nuclear Security Administration access 
to the defense industrial base. 
Sec. 1635. Defense Industrial Base workforce development strategy. 
Sec. 1636. Long-term plan for strategic nuclear forces during delivery vehicle tran-
sition. 
Sec. 1637. Reports and briefings on recommendations of the Congressional Com-
mission on the Strategic Posture of the United States. 
Sec. 1638. Sense of Congress with respect to use of artificial intelligence to support 
strategic deterrence. 
Subtitle D—Missile Defense Programs 
Sec. 1641. Expansion of certain prohibitions relating to missile defense information 
and systems to apply to People’s Republic of China. 
Sec. 1642. Additional missile defense site for protection of United States homeland. 
Sec. 1643. Advice and assistance regarding enhancement of Jordanian air and mis-
sile defense. 
Sec. 1644. Iron Dome short-range rocket defense system and Israeli cooperative 
missile defense program co-development and co-production. 
Sec. 1645. Limitation on availability of funds with respect to certain missile de-
fense system governance documents, policies, and procedures. 
Sec. 1646. Congressional notification requirement with respect to incidents that af-
fect availability of United States homeland missile defenses. 
Sec. 1647. Plan for comprehensive ballistic missile defense radar coverage of Guam. 
Sec. 1648. Annual briefing on missile defense of Guam. 
Sec. 1649. Organization and codification of provisions of law relating to missile de-
fense.
H. R. 5009—385 
Subtitle E—Other Matters 
Sec. 1651. Cooperative threat reduction funds. 
Sec. 1652. Temporary continuation of requirement for reports on activities and as-
sistance under Department of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction 
Program. 
Sec. 1653. Modification to annual assessment of budget with respect to electro-
magnetic spectrum operations capabilities. 
Sec. 1654. Modification of milestone decision authority for space-based ground and 
airborne moving target indication systems. 
Sec. 1655. Designation of a senior defense official responsible for establishment of 
national integrated air and missile defense architecture for the United 
States. 
Subtitle A—Space Activities 
SEC. 1601. MODIFICATION OF AIR FORCE SPACE CONTRACTOR 
RESPONSIBILITY WATCH LIST. 
(a) CLARIFICATION OF WATCH LIST REQUIREMENTS.—Chapter 
135 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after 
section 2271 the following: 
‘‘§ 2271a. Space Contractor Responsibility Watch List 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration, acting as the service acquisi-
tion executive for the Air Force for space systems and programs, 
shall maintain a list of contractors with a history of poor perform-
ance on space procurement contracts. 
‘‘(b) BASIS FOR INCLUSION ON WATCH LIST.—(1) The Assistant 
Secretary shall place a contractor, which may consist of the entire 
contracting entity or a specific division of the contracting entity, 
on the watch list based on a determination made under paragraph 
(2). 
‘‘(2)(A) In considering whether to place a contractor on the 
watch list, the Assistant Secretary shall determine whether there 
is evidence of any of the following: 
‘‘(i) Poor performance on one or more space procurement 
contracts, or award fee scores below 50 percent. 
‘‘(ii) Inadequate management, operational or financial con-
trols, or resources. 
‘‘(iii) Inadequate security controls or resources, including 
unremediated vulnerabilities arising from foreign ownership, 
control, or influence. 
‘‘(iv) Any other failure of controls or performance of a 
nature so serious or compelling as to warrant placement of 
the contractor on the watch list. 
‘‘(B) If the Assistant Secretary determines, based on evidence 
described in any of clauses (i) through (iv) of subparagraph (A), 
that the ability of a contractor to responsibly perform is meaning-
fully impaired, the Assistant Secretary shall place the contractor 
on the watch list. 
‘‘(C) The Assistant Secretary shall establish written policies 
for the consideration of contractors for placement on the watch 
list, including policies that require that— 
‘‘(i) contractors proposed for placement on the watch list 
shall be provided with notice and an opportunity to respond; 
‘‘(ii) the basis for a final determination placing a contractor 
on the watch list shall be documented in writing; and 
‘‘(iii) at the request of a contractor, the contractor shall 
be removed from the watch list if the Assistant Secretary
H. R. 5009—386 
determines that there is evidence that the issue resulting in 
placement on the list has been satisfactorily remediated. 
‘‘(c) EFFECT OF LISTING.—(1) The Assistant Secretary may not 
solicit an offer from, award a contract to, consent to a subcontract 
with, execute a grant, cooperative agreement, or other transaction 
with, or exercise an option on any space procurement contract 
with, an entity included on the watch list unless the Assistant 
Secretary makes a written determination that there is a compelling 
reason to do so. 
‘‘(2) Not later than 10 days after the Assistant Secretary makes 
a determination under paragraph (1), the Assistant Secretary shall 
notify the congressional defense committees and the Interagency 
Committee on Debarment and Suspension constituted under sec-
tions 4 and 5 of Executive Order 12549 (51 Fed. Reg. 6370; relating 
to debarment and suspension) of the determination. 
‘‘(d) LIMITATION ON DELEGATION.—The Assistant Secretary may 
delegate the authority to make a determination under subsection 
(b)(2)(B) or subsection (c)(1) only if the following criteria are met: 
‘‘(1) The delegation is to the suspension and debarment 
official of the Air Force. 
‘‘(2) The delegation is made on a case-by-case basis. 
‘‘(3) Not later than seven days after the date on which 
such determination is made, the Assistant Secretary notifies 
the congressional defense committees of the delegation. 
‘‘(e) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall 
be construed as preventing the suspension or debarment of a con-
tractor, but inclusion on the watch list shall not be construed 
as a punitive measure or de facto suspension or debarment of 
a contractor. 
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘contract’ includes a grant, cooperative agree-
ment, or other transaction. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘contractor’ means any individual or entity 
that enters into a contract. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘watch list’ means the watch list maintained 
under subsection (a).’’. 
(b) CONFORMING REPEAL.—Section 1612 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 10 
U.S.C. 2271 note) is repealed. 
SEC. 1602. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMERCIAL AUGMENTATION SPACE 
RESERVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 963 of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting before section 9532 the following new 
section: 
‘‘§ 9531. Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve. 
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—The Secretary may carry out a program to 
be known as the ‘Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve’ pro-
gram. Under the program, the Secretary may include in a contract 
for the procurement of space products or services one or more 
provisions under which a qualified contractor agrees to provide 
additional space products or services to the Department of Defense 
on an as-needed basis under circumstances determined by the Sec-
retary. 
‘‘(b) SECURITY MEASURES.—In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Secretary—
H. R. 5009—387 
‘‘(1) shall ensure that each contract under, and qualified 
contractor participating in, the program complies with 
applicable security measures, including any security measures 
required under the National Industrial Security program (or 
any successor to such program); and 
‘‘(2) may establish and implement such additional security 
measures as the Secretary determines appropriate to protect 
the national security interests of the United States. 
‘‘(c) COMMITMENT OF SPACE PRODUCTS OR SERVICES AS A BUSI-
NESS FACTOR.—In determining the quantity of business to be 
received under a space product or services contract pursuant to 
subsection (a), the Secretary may use as a factor the relative amount 
of space product or service committed to the program under sub-
section (a) by the qualified contractor involved. 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘citizen of the United States’ means— 
‘‘(A) an individual who is a citizen of the United States; 
‘‘(B) a partnership each of whose partners is an indi-
vidual who is a citizen of the United States; or 
‘‘(C) a corporation or association organized under the 
laws of the United States or a State, the District of 
Columbia, or a territory or possession of the United States. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘qualified contractor’ means a contractor that 
is a citizen of the United States. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Defense. 
‘‘(4) The term ‘space products or services’ means commercial 
products and commercial services (as those terms are defined 
in section 2.101 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation) and 
noncommercial products and noncommercial services offered 
by commercial companies that operate to, through, or from 
space, including any required terrestrial ground, support, and 
network systems and associated services that can be used to 
support military functions and missions.’’. 
(b) STUDY AND REPORT.— 
(1) STUDY.—The Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of the Air Force, shall seek to enter into an 
agreement with a federally funded research and development 
center or university-affiliated research center to conduct a study 
on— 
(A) the availability and adequacy of commercial insur-
ance to protect the financial interests of contractors pro-
viding support services to space-related operations and 
activities of the Department of Defense, taking into account 
the risks that may be anticipated to arise from such sup-
port; 
(B) the adequacy of any existing authorities under 
Federal law that would enable the Federal Government 
to protect such interests in the event commercial space 
insurance is not available or not available on reasonable 
terms; and 
(C) potential options for Government-provided insur-
ance similar to existing aviation and maritime insurance 
programs under titles 49 and 46 of the United States 
Code, respectively. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit
H. R. 5009—388 
to the congressional defense committees a report on the results 
of the study conducted under paragraph (1). 
SEC. 1603. SPACE FORCE SATELLITE GROUND SYSTEMS. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Chapter 135 of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting after section 2275b the following new 
section: 
‘‘§ 2275c. Space Force satellite ground systems 
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisitions and Integration, acting as the service acquisi-
tion executive for the Air Force for space systems and programs, 
may not authorize a launch associated with a Space Force satellite 
acquisition program unless— 
‘‘(1) the associated ground systems and modifications are 
completed and ready for operation at the time of the launch; 
and 
‘‘(2) the applicable satellite capabilities may be used on 
completion of the launch. 
‘‘(b) WAIVER.—(1) The Secretary of the Air Force may waive 
the requirement under subsection (a) if the Secretary determines 
that such waiver is necessary for reasons of national security. 
‘‘(2) Not later than 10 days after making a waiver under para-
graph (1), the Secretary shall notify the congressional defense 
committees of such waiver.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING REPEAL.—Such chapter is further amended 
by striking section 2275. 
SEC. 1604. MODIFICATION OF NOTIFICATION OF FOREIGN INTER-
FERENCE OF NATIONAL SECURITY SPACE. 
Section 2278 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as subpara-
graphs (A) and (B), respectively; 
(B) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), as 
redesignated— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘critical’’ before ‘‘national security 
space capability’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘The Commander of the United 
States Space Command’’ and inserting ‘‘(1) Except as 
provided by paragraph (2), the Commander of the 
United States Space Command’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph 
(2): 
‘‘(2) With respect to intentional attempts by a foreign actor 
to disrupt, degrade, or destroy a United States critical national 
security space capability that are continuous or repetitive in nature, 
the Commander shall— 
‘‘(A) provide the notice and notification regarding the first 
attempt by such foreign actor in accordance with paragraph 
(1); and 
‘‘(B) during the period in which such foreign actor continues 
or repeats such attempts, provide to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a consolidated monthly notice and notifica-
tion of such attempts by not later than the tenth day of each 
month following the month in which the first notice under 
paragraph (1) was provided.’’; and
H. R. 5009—389 
(2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following 
new subsection: 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means 
the following: 
‘‘(A) The congressional defense committees. 
‘‘(B) With respect to a notice or notification relating 
to an attempt by a foreign actor to disrupt, degrade, or 
destroy a capability that is intelligence-related, the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the Senate. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘United States critical national security space 
capability’ means a national security space capability of the 
United States provided by an asset on the critical asset list 
established by the Commander of the United States Space 
Command pursuant to Department of Defense Directive 
3020.40, Department of Defense Instruction 3020.45, Joint 
Publication 3-01 of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, or such other 
relevant requirements of the Department of Defense.’’. 
SEC. 1605. MODIFICATIONS TO NATIONAL SECURITY SPACE LAUNCH 
PROGRAM. 
(a) EXTENSION OF POLICY ON CONTRACTS FOR LAUNCH SERV-
ICES.—Section 1601 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 2276 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘2024’’ and inserting 
‘‘2029’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘phase two contracts’’ 
and inserting ‘‘the National Security Space Launch program’’. 
(b) NOTIFICATION OF CHANGES IN PHASE THREE ACQUISITION 
STRATEGY.—Not later than seven days before implementing any 
modification to the final phase three acquisition strategy under 
the National Security Space Launch program, the Assistant Sec-
retary of the Air Force for Space Acquisition and Integration shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees notice of the 
proposed modification together with an explanation of the reasons 
for such modification. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; and 
(B) the congressional intelligence committees (as 
defined in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 
(50 U.S.C. 3003)). 
(2) The term ‘‘final phase three acquisition strategy’’ means 
the acquisition strategy for phase three of the National Security 
Space Launch program, as approved by the Assistant Secretary 
of the Air Force for Space Acquisition and Integration on March 
4, 2024. 
(3) The term ‘‘phase three’’ has the meaning given that 
term in section 1601(e) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 118–71; 10 U.S.C. 2276 
note).
H. R. 5009—390 
SEC. 1606. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REVIEW REGARDING GLOBAL 
POSITIONING 
SYSTEM 
MODERNIZATION 
AND 
OTHER 
POSITIONING, NAVIGATION, AND TIMING SYSTEMS. 
Subsection (c) of section 1621 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 
Stat. 1109; 10 U.S.C. 2281 note) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(c) 
COMPTROLLER
GENERAL
REVIEW
AND
ASSESSMENT; 
BRIEFING.— 
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENTS.—The Comptroller General shall— 
‘‘(A) review and assess the efforts of the Department 
of the Air Force with respect to Global Positioning System 
modernization and other positioning, navigation, and 
timing systems; and 
‘‘(B) provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on— 
‘‘(i) the progress made by the Space Force in 
fielding military code from the Global Positioning 
System (commonly known as ‘M-code’); 
‘‘(ii) the efforts the Department of the Air Force 
has planned or made to develop complementary or 
alternative solutions for M-code to obtain positioning, 
navigation, and timing information through new sig-
nals, systems, and subsystems; and 
‘‘(iii) the extent to which the military departments 
have developed and fielded user equipment with the 
ability to use M-code and complementary or alternative 
solutions. 
‘‘(2) TIMING.—The Comptroller General shall provide to 
the congressional defense committees— 
‘‘(A) not later than March 1, 2025, the briefing required 
by paragraph (1)(B); 
‘‘(B) a report on the matters described in that para-
graph, to be submitted on a date agreed upon at such 
briefing; and 
‘‘(C) any subsequent briefing on the matters described 
in that paragraph, as the Comptroller General considers 
appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 1607. SENIOR ADVISOR FOR SPACE COMMAND, CONTROL, AND 
INTEGRATION. 
(a) DESIGNATION.—Not later than 30 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration, acting as the service acquisi-
tion executive for the Air Force for space systems and programs, 
shall designate from among qualified officers and employees of 
the Department of Defense a Senior Advisor for Space Command, 
Control, and Integration. 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Senior Advisor shall be responsible 
for conducting oversight of all acquisition efforts within the 
authority of the Assistant Secretary with respect to developing, 
upgrading, deploying, and sustaining space command, control, and 
integration to meet the space command, control, and integration 
requirements of the combatant commands, including by monitoring 
system-level integration of each of the following: 
(1) Space domain sensors. 
(2) Space catalog. 
(3) Target recognition.
H. R. 5009—391 
(4) Weapons system selection and control. 
(5) Battle damage assessment. 
(6) Associated communications among elements of the space 
control and command architecture of the Department of 
Defense. 
(c) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 10 days after the date on 
which a designation is made under subsection (a), the Assistant 
Secretary shall notify the congressional defense committees of such 
designation. 
(d) ANNUAL REVIEW.—Not later than June 30 of each year, 
the Space Acquisition Council established by section 9021 of title 
10, United States Code, shall review whether the requirements 
of the United States Space Command with respect to space com-
mand, control, and integration are being fulfilled. 
(e) ANNUAL BRIEFING.—At the same time as the submission 
of each budget of the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
United States Code, through fiscal year 2029, the Assistant Sec-
retary, in consultation with the Commander of the United States 
Space Command, shall provide to the congressional defense commit-
tees a briefing on the status of all space command, control, and 
integration activities to support the missions of the Armed Forces. 
The briefing shall include— 
(1) accomplishments achieved in the year prior to the 
submission of the respective budget; and 
(2) actions to meet the requirements of the United States 
Space Command with respect to space command, control, and 
integration that will be taken during the period covered by 
the most recent future-years defense program submitted under 
section 221 of title 10, United States Code, as of the date 
of the briefing. 
SEC. 1608. PILOT PROGRAM TO DEMONSTRATE HYBRID SATELLITE 
COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE. 
(a) PROGRAM REQUIRED.—Beginning in fiscal year 2025, the 
Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space Acquisition and 
Integration shall carry out a pilot program to demonstrate a hybrid 
satellite communication architecture at the Space Systems Com-
mand of the Space Force. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS AND CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out the 
pilot program under subsection (a), the Assistant Secretary shall 
include in the hybrid satellite communication architecture at least 
one military satellite communications system, such as the Wideband 
Global Satcom system or the Micro Geostationary Earth Orbit 
system. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall provide to 
the congressional defense committees a briefing that includes— 
(1) a description of the hybrid satellite communication 
architecture developed under the pilot program under sub-
section (a) and a summary of the results of the program as 
of the date of the briefing; and 
(2) a plan for supporting the transition of the hybrid sat-
ellite communication architecture efforts to a program of record 
within the Space Force and the Space Systems Command. 
(d) HYBRID SATELLITE COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘hybrid satellite communication architecture’’ 
means the network of integrated United States Government, allied
H. R. 5009—392 
Government, and commercially owned and operated capabilities 
both for on-orbit communication constellations and ground systems. 
SEC. 1609. MIDDLE EAST INTEGRATED SPACE AND SATELLITE SECU-
RITY ASSESSMENT. 
(a) ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, shall conduct an assessment of 
space and satellite security for the purpose of identifying 
mechanisms, such as improved multilateral data-sharing agree-
ments, that may be implemented to better protect ally and 
partner countries in the area of responsibility of the United 
States Central Command from hostile activities conducted by 
adversaries against space systems of the United States or such 
countries. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The assessment required 
by paragraph (1) shall include the following: 
(A) An assessment of the threats posed to the United 
States and ally or partner countries in the area of responsi-
bility of the United States Central Command by adver-
saries, including Iran and its proxies, from conducting hos-
tile activities— 
(i) against space systems of the United States or 
such countries; and 
(ii) using capabilities originating from the space 
domain. 
(B) A description of progress made in— 
(i) advancing the integration of countries in the 
area of responsibility of the United States Central 
Command, including Israel, into existing multilateral 
space and satellite security partnerships; and 
(ii) establishing such partnerships with such coun-
tries. 
(C) A description of efforts among ally and partner 
countries in the area of responsibility of the United States 
Central Command to coordinate intelligence, reconnais-
sance, and surveillance capabilities and indicators and 
warnings with respect to the threats described in subpara-
graph (A), and a description of factors limiting the effective-
ness of such efforts. 
(D) An assessment of current gaps in the ability of 
the Department of Defense to provide space situational 
awareness for allies and partners in the area of responsi-
bility of the United States Central Command. 
(E) A description of multilateral space situational 
awareness data-sharing agreements and an integrated 
space and satellite security architecture that would improve 
collective security in the area of responsibility of the United 
States Central Command. 
(F) A description of current and planned efforts to 
engage ally and partner countries in the area of responsi-
bility of the United States Central Command in estab-
lishing such a multilateral space situational awareness 
data-sharing agreement and an integrated space and sat-
ellite security architecture.
H. R. 5009—393 
(G) A description of key challenges in achieving 
integrated space and satellite security described in para-
graph (1) using the metrics identified in accordance with 
paragraph (3). 
(H) 
Recommendations 
for 
development 
and 
the 
implementation of an integrated space and satellite secu-
rity strategy based on such metrics. 
(I) A cost estimate of establishing an integrated space 
and satellite security strategy, and an assessment of the 
resources that could be contributed by ally and partner 
countries of the United States to establish and strengthen 
such capabilities. 
(J) Other matters the Secretary of Defense considers 
relevant. 
(3) METRICS.—The Secretary of Defense shall identify and 
propose metrics to assess progress in the implementation of 
the assessment required by paragraph (1). 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the results of the assessment conducted under subsection 
(a). 
(2) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include 
a classified annex. 
(c) PROTECTION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION.—Any activity car-
ried out under this section shall be conducted in a manner that 
appropriately protects sensitive information and the national secu-
rity interests of the United States. 
(d) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1610. ANNUAL BRIEFING ON COMMERCIAL SPACE STRATEGY OF 
THE SPACE FORCE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that the strategy of the Space 
Force titled ‘‘U.S. Space Force Commercial Space Strategy’’ pub-
lished in April 2024, indicates that the Space Force intends to 
focus future efforts and resources on the following mission areas: 
(1) Satellite communications. 
(2) Space domain awareness. 
(3) Space access mobility and logistics. 
(4) Tactical surveillance, reconnaissance, and tracking. 
(5) Space-based environmental monitoring. 
(6) Cyberspace operations. 
(7) Command and control. 
(8) Positioning, navigation, and timing. 
(b) BRIEFING REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 10 days after the date 
on which the budget of the President for each of fiscal years 
2026 through 2029 is submitted to Congress pursuant to section
H. R. 5009—394 
1105 of title 31, United States Code, the Chief of Space Oper-
ations, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of the 
Air Force for Space Acquisition and Integration, shall provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing that includes 
the information described in paragraph (2) with respect to 
each mission area specified in subsection (a). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing under paragraph (1) shall 
include, with respect to each mission area specified in sub-
section (a) for the fiscal year concerned, the following: 
(A) Of the funds requested for the mission area, the 
percentage that are expected to be used to fulfill require-
ments through the provision of commercial solutions com-
pared to the percentage that are expected to be used to 
fulfill such requirements through programs of record. 
(B) A description of the requirements for each mission 
area and an explanation of whether and how the use of 
commercial solutions has been considered for fulfilling such 
requirements. 
(C) A description of any training or wargaming exer-
cises that are expected to integrate commercial solutions 
and include the participation of providers of such solutions. 
(D) Any force designs of the Space Warfighting Anal-
ysis Center for which commercial solutions were considered 
as part of a force design analysis from the previous fiscal 
year. 
(E) An update on the status of any efforts to integrate 
commercial systems into respective Government architec-
ture. 
(F) With respect to the contracts entered into to sup-
port the mission area— 
(i) the number of such contracts; 
(ii) the types of contracts used; 
(iii) the length of time covered by such contracts; 
and 
(iv) the amount of funds committed under such 
contracts. 
(c) COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘commercial solutions’’ includes commercial products, commercial 
services, and providers of such products and services. 
Subtitle B—Defense Intelligence and 
Intelligence-Related Activities 
SEC. 1611. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO ENGAGE 
IN CERTAIN COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES AS SECURITY FOR 
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 431 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2028’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1)(A) be pre-coordinated with the Director of the Central 
Intelligence Agency using procedures mutually agreed upon 
by the Secretary of Defense and the Director; and 
‘‘(B) where appropriate, be supported by the Director; and’’.
H. R. 5009—395 
SEC. 1612. CYBER INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITY. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Chapter 21 of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting after section 430c, as added by 
section 921, the following new section: 
‘‘§ 430d. Cyber intelligence capability 
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than October 1, 2026, the Sec-
retary of Defense, in consultation with the Director of National 
Intelligence, shall ensure that the Department of Defense has a 
dedicated cyber intelligence capability in support of the military 
cyber operations requirements for the warfighting missions of the 
United States Cyber Command, the other combatant commands, 
the military departments, the Defense Agencies, the Joint Staff, 
and the Office of the Secretary of Defense with respect to 
foundational, scientific and technical, and all-source intelligence 
on cyber technology development, capabilities, concepts of operation, 
operations, and plans and intentions of cyber threat actors. 
‘‘(b) NONDUPLICATION.—In carrying out subsection (a), the Sec-
retary may not unnecessarily duplicate intelligence activities of 
the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(c) RESOURCES.—(1) The Secretary shall ensure the defense 
budget materials submitted for each fiscal year beginning with 
fiscal year 2027 include a request for funds necessary to carry 
out subsection (a). 
‘‘(2) The Secretary shall carry out subsection (a) using funds 
made available for the United States Cyber Command under the 
Military Intelligence Program. 
‘‘(3) The National Security Agency may not provide information 
technology services for the dedicated cyber intelligence capability 
under subsection (a) unless such services are provided under the 
Military Intelligence Program or the Information Systems Security 
Program. 
‘‘(d) DEFENSE BUDGET MATERIALS DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘defense budget materials’, with respect to a fiscal year, 
means the materials submitted to Congress by the Secretary of 
Defense in support of the budget for that fiscal year.’’. 
(b) REPORT AND BRIEFING.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than January 1, 2026, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report containing an implementation plan for 
ensuring the dedicated cyber intelligence capability under sec-
tion 430d of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection 
(a). The implementation plan shall include— 
(A) an articulation of the requirements for such capa-
bility, including with respect to the number and type of 
intelligence analysts or other personnel required to fulfill 
those requirements; 
(B) an assessment by the Director of Cost Assessment 
and Program Evaluation with respect to the estimated 
annual cost for developing and maintaining such capability, 
including the initial budget requirements for such capa-
bility for fiscal year 2027; and 
(C) an initial staffing plan, including the development 
of specific career identifiers, a recruiting plan, and a career 
progression plan. 
(2) BRIEFING.—Not later than 60 days after the date on 
which the Secretary submits the report under paragraph (1),
H. R. 5009—396 
the Secretary shall provide to the appropriate congressional 
committees a briefing on the implementation plan contained 
in the report. 
(3) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.— 
In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means the congressional defense committees and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives. 
SEC. 1613. AUTHORITY OF ARMY COUNTERINTELLIGENCE AGENTS. 
(a) AUTHORITY TO EXECUTE WARRANTS AND MAKE ARRESTS.— 
Section 7377 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘Civilian’’ and all 
that follows through the colon and inserting ‘‘Certain civilian 
special agents:’’ ; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ before ‘‘Subsection (a) applies’’; 
and 
(B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(2) In addition to paragraph (1), during the four-year period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025, subsection (a) applies to 
any employee of the Department of the Army who is a special 
agent of the Army Counterintelligence Command (or a successor 
to that command) whose duties include conducting, supervising, 
or coordinating counterintelligence investigations in programs and 
operations of the Department of the Army.’’. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT AND BRIEFING.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently 
than annually thereafter through 2028, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees and the 
Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and 
Senate an annual report, and shall provide to such committees 
an annual briefing, on the administration of section 7377 of title 
10, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a). 
SEC. 1614. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF DEFENSE INTEL-
LIGENCE 
AND 
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE 
EXPENSE 
AUTHORITY. 
(a) CODIFICATION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 1057 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 
133 Stat. 1593) is— 
(A) transferred to subchapter I of chapter 21 of title 
10, United States Code; 
(B) inserted after section 429 of such title; and 
(C) redesignated as section 429a. 
(2) SECTION HEADING TYPEFACE AND TYPESTYLE.—Section 
429a of title 10, as added by paragraph (1), is amended— 
(A) in the enumerator, by striking ‘‘SEC.’’ and inserting 
‘‘§’’; and 
(B) in the section heading— 
(i) by striking the period at the end; and 
(ii) by conforming the typeface and typestyle, 
including capitalization, to the typeface and typestyle 
as used in the section heading of section 430b of such 
title.
H. R. 5009—397 
(b) PERMANENT EXTENSION.—Subsection (a) of section 429a, 
as added by subsection (a)(1) of this section, is amended by striking 
‘‘for any of fiscal years 2020 through 2025’’. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Subsection (d) of such section 429a is 
amended by striking ‘‘Not later than December 31 of each of 2020 
through 2025’’ and inserting ‘‘Not later than December 31 of each 
year’’. 
(d) LIMITATION ON DELEGATIONS.—Subsection (e) of such section 
429a is amended by striking ‘‘$100,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$200,000’’. 
(e) EXCLUSIVE AUTHORITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Such section 429a is amended— 
(A) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); 
and 
(B) by inserting after subsection (e) the following new 
subsection (f): 
‘‘(f) NONAPPLICATION OF SECTION 127.—The authority provided 
by subsection (a) shall be the exclusive authority available to the 
Secretary of Defense to expend amounts made available for the 
Military Intelligence Program for intelligence and counterintel-
ligence objects of a confidential, extraordinary, or emergency 
nature.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 127(a) of title 10, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new sentence: ‘‘The authority to expend amounts 
made available for the Military Intelligence Program for intel-
ligence and counterintelligence objects of a confidential, extraor-
dinary, or emergency nature is provided by section 429a of 
this title instead of this section.’’. 
SEC. 1615. INTELLIGENCE ADVICE AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
SUPPORT FOR GOVERNMENT OF ISRAEL IN THE DEFEAT 
OF HAMAS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense and the Director 
of the Defense Intelligence Agency are authorized to continue, as 
directed by the President of the United States, to jointly cooperate 
with the Government of Israel on defense intelligence, advice, and 
support, to the extent practicable and consistent with United States 
objectives, to support Israel’s pursuit of the lasting defeat of Hamas. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than once every 
90 days thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall provide to the 
congressional defense committees, the Permanent Select Committee 
on Intelligence of the House of Representatives, and the Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the Senate a briefing on the intel-
ligence, advice, and support provided to assist the Government 
of Israel in achieving the objectives described in subsection (a). 
(c) SUNSET.—The authority under subsection (a) shall terminate 
on the date that is two years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.
H. R. 5009—398 
Subtitle C—Nuclear Forces 
SEC. 1621. ESTABLISHMENT OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 
FOR 
NUCLEAR 
DETERRENCE, 
CHEMICAL, 
AND 
BIOLOGICAL 
DEFENSE 
POLICY 
AND 
PROGRAMS; 
IMPROVEMENTS TO PROCESSES OF THE OFFICE OF THE 
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 138(b)(4) of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(4) One of the Assistant Secretaries is the Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Nuclear Deterrence, Chemical, and Biological Defense 
Policy and Programs. The Assistant Secretary is the principal 
civilian adviser to the Secretary of Defense on nuclear deterrence 
policies, operations, and associated programs within the senior 
management of the Department of Defense. The principal duty 
of the Assistant Secretary shall be the overall supervision of nuclear 
deterrence policy, resources, and activities of the Department of 
Defense. 
‘‘(A) Subject to the authority, direction, and control of the 
Secretary of Defense, the Assistant Secretary shall— 
‘‘(i) advise and assist the Secretary of Defense, the 
Deputy Secretary of Defense, the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Policy in the development and 
supervision of policy, program planning and execution, and 
allocation and use of resources for the activities of the 
Department of Defense on all matters relating to the 
sustainment, operation, and modernization of United States 
nuclear forces as defined in section 499c(d) of this title; 
‘‘(ii) communicate views on issues within the responsi-
bility of the Assistant Secretary directly to the Secretary 
of Defense and the Deputy Secretary of Defense without 
obtaining the approval or concurrence of any other official 
within the Department of Defense; 
‘‘(iii) serve as the Staff Director of the Nuclear Weapons 
Council established by section 179 of this title; 
‘‘(iv) serve as the principal Department of Defense 
civilian responsible for oversight of portfolio management 
for nuclear forces established by section 499c of this title; 
‘‘(v) serve as the principal interface with the Depart-
ment of Energy on issues relating to nuclear fuels; 
‘‘(vi) in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of 
Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment, advise 
the Secretary of Defense on nuclear energy matters; and 
‘‘(vii) advise and assist the Secretary of Defense, the 
Deputy Secretary of Defense, the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Policy on all matters relating 
to the defense against chemical, biological, and other 
weapons of mass destruction. 
‘‘(B) Unless otherwise directed by the President or statute, 
no officer other than the Secretary of Defense, Deputy Secretary 
of Defense, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment, and the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy 
may intervene to exercise authority, direction, or control over
H. R. 5009—399 
the Assistant Secretary in the discharge of responsibilities 
specified in subparagraph (A).’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION
OF
DUTIES
FOR
UNDER
SECRETARY
OF 
DEFENSE FOR ACQUISITION AND SUSTAINMENT.—Section 133b(b) of 
title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (5)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and 
inserting a semicolon; and 
(B) by adding after subparagraph (C), the following: 
‘‘(D) chairman of the Nuclear Weapons Council estab-
lished by section 179 of this title; and 
‘‘(E) co-chairman of the Council on Oversight of the 
National Leadership Command, Control, and Communica-
tions System established by section 171a of this title;’’; 
and 
(2) by amending paragraph (6) to read as follows: 
‘‘(6) overseeing— 
‘‘(A) the sustainment and modernization of United 
States nuclear forces, including the nuclear command, con-
trol, and communications system; and 
‘‘(B) military department and Defense Agency pro-
grams to develop defenses against chemical and biological 
weapons and capabilities to counter weapons of mass 
destruction;’’. 
(c) MODIFICATION
OF DUTIES
FOR UNDER SECRETARY
FOR 
DEFENSE FOR POLICY.—Section 134(b)(2) of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and inserting 
a semicolon; 
(2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end, the following new subparagraph 
(F): 
‘‘(F) the development of strategic policy guidance for the 
Department of Defense to enable the achievement of Presi-
dential objectives outlined within the nuclear weapons employ-
ment guidance of the United States, as described in section 
491 of this title.’’. 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The following provisions of law 
are amended by striking ‘‘Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological Defense 
Programs’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Nuclear Deterrence, 
Chemical, and Biological Defense Policy and Programs’’: 
(1) Section 179(c) of title 10, United States Code. 
(2) Section 492b(b)(2) of such title. 
(3) Section 2284(b)(3)(E) of such title. 
(4) Section 1412(m) of the Department of Defense 
Authorization Act, 1986 (50 U.S.C. 1521(m)). 
(5) Section 1067(a)(1) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (50 U.S.C. 1528(a)(1)). 
SEC. 1622. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF CERTIFICATIONS 
REGARDING 
INTEGRATED 
TACTICAL 
WARNING 
AND 
ATTACK ASSESSMENT MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 
THE AIR FORCE. 
Section 1666 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2617) is amended—
H. R. 5009—400 
(1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘2026’’ and inserting ‘‘2030’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘the Commander of the United States 
Strategic Command’’ and inserting ‘‘the Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, the Com-
mander of the United States Strategic Command,’’; 
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: 
‘‘(b) INABILITY TO CERTIFY.—If the Commander of the United 
States Space Command does not make a certification under sub-
section (a) by March 31 of any year in which a certification is 
required under such subsection, the Secretary of the Air Force 
shall— 
‘‘(1) not later than June 30 of that year, consolidate all 
terrestrial and aerial components of the integrated tactical 
warning and attack assessment system of the Department of 
the Air Force that are survivable and endurable under the 
major command of the Department of the Air Force commanded 
by the single general officer that is responsible for all aspects 
of the Department of the Air Force nuclear mission, as described 
by Air Force Program Action Directive D16–01, dated August 
2, 2016; and 
‘‘(2) not later than April 30 of that year, submit to the 
Secretary of Defense and the congressional defense committees 
a report describing a plan to achieve such certification, and 
the status of programs and plans to meet the requirements 
of Presidential directives and Department of Defense policies 
applicable to integrated tactical warning and attack assessment 
systems that are survivable and endurable.’’; 
(3) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and 
(4) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new sub-
section (c): 
‘‘(c) WAIVER AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Defense may waive 
the requirement of paragraph (1) of subsection (b), if the Secretary 
certifies to the congressional defense committees that— 
‘‘(1) the plan described in paragraph (2) of that subsection 
is sufficient to ensure that the Department of the Air Force 
is able to satisfy the criteria under subsection (a); 
‘‘(2) resourcing for executing such plan shall be addressed, 
to the maximum extent possible, within the current fiscal year; 
and 
‘‘(3) any additional resources necessary to execute such 
plan shall be included in future budgetary requests of the 
Department of Defense.’’. 
SEC. 1623. PERIODIC UPDATES ON THE MODERNIZATION OF THE STRA-
TEGIC AUTOMATED COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM. 
Section 1644 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 137 Stat. 598) is amended 
by adding at the end the following subsection: 
‘‘(c) PERIODIC UPDATES.—Beginning not later than March 1, 
2025, and not later than each of March 1 and September 1 annually 
thereafter, the Secretary of the Air Force shall provide to the 
congressional defense committees a briefing on the progress of 
the modernization effort described in subsection (a).’’.
H. R. 5009—401 
SEC. 1624. MODIFIED REQUIREMENTS FOR REPORT ON THE PLAN FOR 
THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS STOCKPILE, NUCLEAR WEAPONS 
COMPLEX, NUCLEAR WEAPONS DELIVERY SYSTEMS, AND 
NUCLEAR WEAPONS COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM. 
Section 492a of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘Annual’’ and inserting 
‘‘Biennial’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘the odd-numbered’’ 
after ‘‘for each of’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)(G), by striking ‘‘year’’ both places 
it appears and inserting ‘‘report’’; and 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3); 
(B) by striking ‘‘BUDGET OFFICE.—’’ and all that follows 
through ‘‘Not later than July 1’’ and inserting ‘‘BUDGET 
OFFICE.—Not later than July 1’’; 
(C) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and 
(D) as paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively; 
(D) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), as redesig-
nated by subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, by striking 
‘‘covered odd-numbered fiscal year report’’ and inserting 
‘‘report required under subsection (a)’’; 
(E) in paragraph (1), as so redesignated, by striking 
‘‘covered odd-numbered fiscal year’’; and 
(F) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by striking 
‘‘covered odd-numbered fiscal year’’. 
SEC. 1625. MATTERS RELATING TO PILOT PROGRAM ON DEVELOP-
MENT OF REENTRY VEHICLES AND RELATED SYSTEMS. 
Section 1645 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 10 U.S.C. 4421 note prec.) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking, ‘‘The Secretary of the Air Force’’ and 
inserting, ‘‘The Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of 
the Navy, and the Secretary of the Air Force, acting jointly 
or separately,’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as para-
graphs (3) and (4), respectively; 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new 
paragraph (2): 
‘‘(2) expand the availability of operationally qualifiable ven-
dors within the defense industrial base;’’; and 
(D) by striking, ‘‘reentry vehicles’’ each place it appears 
and inserting ‘‘reentry vehicles and reentry systems’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)(1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘the Secretary’’ and inserting ‘‘each 
Secretary’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘and systems’’ and inserting ‘‘and 
reentry systems’’; 
(3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—If the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary 
of the Navy, or the Secretary of the Air Force, acting jointly or 
separately, carries out a pilot program under this section, such 
Secretary or Secretaries shall ensure that the activities under the
H. R. 5009—402 
pilot program are carried out in coordination with the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Research and Engineering and the Director 
of the Missile Defense Agency.’’; 
(4) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and 
(5) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new sub-
section (d): 
‘‘(d) SEMIANNUAL BRIEFINGS.—Not later than March 1 and Sep-
tember 1 of each year in which the Secretary of the Army, the 
Secretary of the Navy, or the Secretary of the Air Force, acting 
jointly or separately, carries out a pilot program under this section, 
such Secretary or Secretaries shall provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing on the activities of the pilot pro-
gram.’’. 
SEC. 1626. EXPANSION OF NUCLEAR LONG RANGE STANDOFF CAPA-
BILITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force may reconvert 
the B–52 bombers that had been modified to carry only conventional 
weapons to conform to the Treaty between the United States of 
America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further 
Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms signed on 
April 8, 2010, and entered into force on February 5, 2011 (commonly 
known as the ‘‘New START Treaty’’), to be able to carry nuclear 
weapons. 
(b) CONVERSION OF B–52 BOMBERS.—If the Secretary elects 
to exercise the authority under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 
(1) not later than 30 days after the expiration of the New 
Start Treaty, commence the process of making available for 
nuclear certification the B–52 bombers described in subsection 
(a); and 
(2) ensure the reconversion of B–52 bombers described 
in such subsection is complete by not later than December 
31, 2029. 
(c) FUNDING PROFILE FOR INCREASED PRODUCTION OF THE LONG 
RANGE STANDOFF WEAPON.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report on 
the funding profile necessary, by fiscal year, to expand by one- 
third the planned purchase of the Long Range Standoff Weapon. 
SEC. 1627. MATTERS RELATING TO THE NUCLEAR-ARMED SEA- 
LAUNCHED CRUISE MISSILE. 
(a) JAMES M. INHOFE NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT 
FOR FISCAL YEAR 2023.—Section 1642 of the James M. Inhofe 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public 
Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2945) is amended by striking ‘‘W80–4 
warhead’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘W80–4 ALT or an 
alternative warhead’’. 
(b) NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 
2024.—Section 1640 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 137 Stat. 595) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘nuclear weapon project for’’ and 
inserting ‘‘nuclear weapon system project with’’; and
H. R. 5009—403 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘(or an alternative warhead in 
accordance subsection (e))’’ after ‘‘W80–4 ALT war-
head’’; 
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘W80–4 ALT’’; and 
inserting ‘‘nuclear weapon system’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘W80–4 ALT nuclear 
weapon project’’ and inserting ‘‘nuclear weapon system’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘W80–4 ALT project’’ and 
inserting ‘‘nuclear weapon system project described in sub-
section (a)(3)’’; 
(3) by redesignating subsections (e) through (g) as sub-
sections (f) through (h), respectively; and 
(4) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new sub-
section (e): 
‘‘(e) SELECTION OF A NUCLEAR WEAPON SYSTEM WITH AN ALTER-
NATIVE WARHEAD.— 
‘‘(1) BRIEFING, CERTIFICATION, AND WAITING PERIOD.—For 
purposes of subsection (a)(3), the Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of Energy, may carry out a 
nuclear weapons system project with an alternative warhead 
to the W80–4 ALT warhead, if— 
‘‘(A) the Secretaries jointly provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing that includes— 
‘‘(i) a description of the alternative warhead to 
be developed under the project; 
‘‘(ii) an estimate and description of the balance 
among the costs, schedule, and programmatic impacts 
for the research, development, and production of such 
alternative warhead; 
‘‘(iii) an explanation of the reasons the Secretaries 
intend to develop a nuclear weapon system with such 
alternative warhead instead of— 
‘‘(I) the W80–4 ALT warhead; or 
‘‘(II) any other warhead options that may have 
been considered; 
‘‘(iv) a written certification from the Secretaries 
that— 
‘‘(I) if selected as the preferred option, the 
nuclear weapon system with the alternative war-
head is expected to more favorably balance mili-
tary 
effectiveness, 
cost, 
schedule, 
and 
pro-
grammatic impacts than the nuclear weapons 
system with the W80–4 ALT warhead; and 
‘‘(II) any funds required for such alternative 
warhead will be included in the materials sub-
mitted by the Secretaries in support of the budget 
of the President (as submitted to Congress pursu-
ant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code) 
until the selected warhead achieves full oper-
ational capability, as determined by the Com-
mander of United States Strategic Command; and 
‘‘(B) a period of 45 days has elapsed following the 
date on which such briefing was provided. 
‘‘(2) FORM
OF
BRIEFING.—The briefing under paragraph 
(1)(A) may be submitted in classified form.’’. 
(c) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM ELEMENT.—Beginning on the 
date of the submission of the budget of the President for fiscal
H. R. 5009—404 
year 2026 in accordance with section 1105(a) of title 31, United 
States Code, the Secretary of the Navy shall— 
(1) establish a separate, dedicated program element for 
the development of a nuclear-armed, sea-launched cruise mis-
sile within the budget program elements for Navy Strategic 
Systems Programs; and 
(2) ensure that Navy activities in support of such develop-
ment are executed within such program element. 
(d) FUNDING LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated or otherwise made available by this Act for fiscal year 
2025 for operations and maintenance, Navy, and made available 
to the Secretary of the Navy for the travel of persons, not more 
than 90 percent may be obligated or expended until the date on 
which the Secretary of the Navy submits to the congressional 
defense committees a certification that the Department of the 
Navy— 
(1) has established and staffed a program office for the 
development of a nuclear-armed, sea-launched cruise missile 
required by section 1640 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2024; and 
(2) is taking the steps required to comply with the direction 
promulgated by Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment memorandum titled ‘‘Nuclear-Armed, Sea- 
Launched Cruise Missile Program Material Development Deci-
sion Acquisition Memorandum,’’ dated March 21, 2024. 
SEC. 1628. AVAILABILITY OF AIR FORCE PROCUREMENT FUNDS FOR 
HEAT SHIELD MATERIAL FOR MARK 21A REENTRY 
VEHICLE. 
The Secretary of the Air Force may enter into contracts for 
the life-of-program procurement of heat shield material and related 
processing activities for the Mark 21A reentry vehicle. 
SEC. 1629. CONDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SENTINEL INTERCONTI-
NENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILE PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisi-
tion and Sustainment shall ensure, to the maximum extent prac-
ticable that— 
(1) the contract structure for the Sentinel intercontinental 
ballistic missile (previously referred to as the ‘‘ground-based 
strategic weapon’’) program allows for maximum Federal 
Government oversight of— 
(A) the Aerospace Vehicle Segment program area; 
(B) the Launch Control Center program area; and 
(C) the Launch Control Facility program area; 
(2) such Federal Government oversight includes Federal 
Government control of— 
(A) preliminary and critical design reviews entrance 
criteria, exit criteria; and 
(B) certification of completion at the subsystem level 
through total system architecture; and 
(3) there are opportunities for competition throughout the 
lifecycle of the Sentinel intercontinental ballistic missile pro-
gram, including competition across each of the program areas 
specified in paragraph (1). 
(b) REPORT.—If the Under Secretary completes a revised Mile-
stone B approval for such program, the Under Secretary shall, 
not later than 60 days after the date on which the Under Secretary
H. R. 5009—405 
completes such approval, submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that includes a description of how the Under 
Secretary intends to satisfy the requirements of subsection (a). 
(c) MILESTONE B APPROVAL DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘Milestone B approval’’ has the meaning given in section 4172 
of title 10, United States Code. 
SEC. 1630. PROHIBITION ON REDUCTION OF INTERCONTINENTAL BAL-
LISTIC MISSILES OF THE UNITED STATES. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—Except as provided in subsection (b), none 
of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act for fiscal 
year 2025 for the Department of Defense may be obligated or 
expended for the following, and the Department may not otherwise 
take any action to do the following: 
(1) Reduce, or prepare to reduce, the responsiveness or 
alert level of the intercontinental ballistic missiles of the United 
States. 
(2) Reduce, or prepare to reduce, the quantity of deployed 
intercontinental ballistic missiles of the United States to a 
number less than 400. 
(b) EXCEPTION.—The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not 
apply to any of the following activities: 
(1) The maintenance or sustainment of intercontinental 
ballistic missiles. 
(2) Ensuring the safety, security, or reliability of interconti-
nental ballistic missiles. 
(3) Facilitating the transition from the LGM–30G Minute-
man III intercontinental ballistic missile to the LGM–35A Sen-
tinel intercontinental ballistic missile. 
SEC. 1631. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR ALTERING AIR FORCE 
GLOBAL STRIKE COMMAND. 
(a) LIMITATION.—None of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated or otherwise made available by this Act for fiscal year 
2025 for the Department of the Air Force may be obligated or 
expended to alter or adjust the existing composition, roles, or 
responsibilities of Air Force Global Strike Command in the— 
(1) development of military requirements relating to stra-
tegic deterrence; or 
(2) execution of Joint Forces Air Component Command 
operational and planning support for United States Strategic 
Command. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than April 30, 2025, the 
Secretary of the Air Force, in coordination with the Commander 
of United States Strategic Command, shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report outlining a plan for ensuring 
that any future adjustments to the composition, roles, or responsibil-
ities of Air Force Global Strike Command will not adversely affect 
the missions of the Air Force Global Strike Command in supporting 
the operational requirements of the United States Strategic Com-
mand or activities of the Department of Defense to achieve Presi-
dential nuclear employment guidance objectives. 
(c) TERMINATION.—The limitation under subsection (a) shall 
terminate 90 days after the date on which the Secretary of the 
Air Force submits the report required by subsection (b).
H. R. 5009—406 
SEC. 1632. LIMITATIONS ON USE OF FUNDS TO DISMANTLE B83–1 
NUCLEAR GRAVITY BOMB. 
(a) LIMITATION ON TRAVEL EXPENSES.—Of the funds authorized 
to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available for 
fiscal year 2025 for operation and maintenance, Defense-wide, and 
available for the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering for travel expenses, not more than 80 
percent may be obligated or expended until the Secretary of Defense 
submits to the congressional defense committees the proposed 
strategy required by paragraph (3) of subsection (b) of section 
1674 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263). 
(b) LIMITATION ON USE TO DISMANTLE.—Except as provided 
in subsection (c), none of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2025 for 
the Department of Energy may be used to dismantle B83–1 nuclear 
gravity bombs. 
(c) EXCEPTIONS.—The limitation on the use of funds under 
subsection (b) shall not apply— 
(1) if the Commander of the United States Strategic Com-
mand submits to the congressional defense committees a certifi-
cation that— 
(A) the use of funds described in such subsection to 
dismantle B83–1 nuclear gravity bombs is in the best 
interest of the United States; and 
(B) there are no gaps as of the date of the submission 
of such certification in the strategic deterrence posture 
of the United States; or 
(2) with respect to the dismantlement of B83–1 nuclear 
gravity bombs for the purpose of supporting safety and surveil-
lance, sustainment, life extension or modification programs for 
the B83–1 or other weapons currently in, or planned to become 
part of, the nuclear weapons stockpile of the United States. 
SEC. 1633. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS PENDING SUBMIS-
SION OF PLAN FOR DECREASING THE TIME TO UPLOAD 
ADDITIONAL WARHEADS TO THE INTERCONTINENTAL 
BALLISTIC MISSILE FLEET. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act for 
fiscal year 2025 for operation and maintenance, Air Force, and 
available for the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force for the 
travel of persons, not more than 80 percent may be obligated 
or expended until the date on which the Secretary of the Air 
Force submits the plan required by section 1650 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118– 
31; 137 Stat. 601). 
SEC. 1634. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS PENDING SUBMIS-
SION OF INFORMATION ON OPTIONS FOR ENHANCING 
NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ACCESS 
TO THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act for 
fiscal year 2025 for operation and maintenance, Defense-wide, and 
available to the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for 
Industrial Base Policy for the travel of persons, not more than 
90 percent may be obligated or expended until the date on which 
the Assistant Secretary provides the briefing on options for
H. R. 5009—407 
enhancing National Nuclear Security Administration access to the 
defense industrial base required by the report of the Committee 
on Armed Services of the Senate accompanying S.2226 of the 118th 
Congress (Senate Report 118–58). 
SEC. 1635. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT 
STRATEGY. 
(a) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Administrator for Nuclear Security and other individuals 
as the Secretary determines appropriate, shall commence the 
implementation of a strategy for promoting the development of 
a skilled manufacturing and high-demand vocational trade 
workforce to support the expansion of the national technology and 
industrial base and nuclear security enterprise. 
(b) REPORT; BRIEFINGS.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the development 
of the strategy under subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committees on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Senate a report that outlines the strategy 
and includes a detailed description of measures to implement 
the strategy, including planned schedules and progress mile-
stones. 
(2) BRIEFINGS.—Beginning in 2026, and on a biennial basis 
until 2032, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Industrial 
Base Policy shall provide to the Committees on Armed Services 
of the House of Representatives and the Senate a briefing 
on progress made in implementing the strategy under sub-
section (a). 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘national technology and industrial base’’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 4801 of title 10, 
United States Code. 
(2) The term ‘‘nuclear security enterprise’’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 4002 of the Atomic Energy Defense 
Act (50 U.S.C. 2501). 
SEC. 1636. LONG-TERM PLAN FOR STRATEGIC NUCLEAR FORCES 
DURING DELIVERY VEHICLE TRANSITION. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and biennially thereafter through 
2031, the Commander of the United States Strategic Command 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a plan for 
deployed strategic nuclear warheads over the covered period, during 
which changes are expected to be made to strategic delivery sys-
tems. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each plan under subsection (a) shall include 
the following: 
(1) A baseline strategy for maintaining a minimum of 1,550 
nuclear warheads deployed on land-based intercontinental bal-
listic missiles, submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic 
missiles, and counted for deployed heavy bombers (as defined 
under the New START Treaty) during the covered period. 
(2) For each year of the covered period, an estimate of 
the number of available strategic delivery systems, by type, 
and the number of deployed warheads associated with such 
systems.
H. R. 5009—408 
(3) A summary of operational considerations, including, 
as necessary, the identification of areas in which greater risk 
is being accepted. 
(4) A description of contingency plans in the event of 
reduced strategic delivery system availability due to pro-
grammatic delays, aging, or other such factors. 
(5) A review of the importance and impact of nuclear risk 
and reduction arms control. 
(6) Any other matters the Commander of the United States 
Strategic Command determines appropriate for inclusion in 
the plan. 
(c) COORDINATION.—In preparing each plan required under this 
section, the Commander of the United States Strategic Command 
shall coordinate with— 
(1) the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment; 
(2) the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy; and 
(3) the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.— 
(1) The term ‘‘covered period’’ means the period beginning 
on January 1, 2028, and ending on January 1, 2036. 
(2) The term ‘‘New START Treaty’’ means the Treaty 
between the United States of America and the Russian Federa-
tion on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation 
of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed on April 8, 2010, and 
entered into force on February 5, 2011. 
(3) The term ‘‘strategic delivery system’’ means land-based 
intercontinental ballistic missiles, submarine-launched inter-
continental ballistic missiles, long range air-launched cruise 
missiles, and nuclear-capable heavy bomber aircraft. 
SEC. 1637. REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS ON RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE 
CONGRESSIONAL COMMISSION ON THE STRATEGIC POS-
TURE OF THE UNITED STATES. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that— 
(1) the deterrence of strategic attacks, and in particular 
nuclear attacks, against the United States and its allies is 
the highest defense priority of the United States; and 
(2) the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Energy 
are provided with all necessary authorities and resources 
required to ensure the maintenance of a modern, effective stra-
tegic deterrent to meet the emerging suite of unprecedented 
strategic threats against the United States. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 31 of each of years 
2025 through 2030, the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary 
of Energy, acting through the Chairman of the Nuclear Weapons 
Council, shall provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on the progress of each such Secretary with respect to 
implementing the recommendations made by the Congressional 
Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States estab-
lished under section 1687 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81) in the document 
titled ‘‘America’s Strategic Posture: The Final Report of the Congres-
sional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States’’ 
(and dated October 2023).
H. R. 5009—409 
(c) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing required by subsection (b) shall 
include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the extent to which the implementa-
tion of each recommendation may contribute to the deterrence 
of particular threats anticipated during the period covered by 
such document. 
(2) A determination of whether each recommendation has 
been, or will be, implemented by the Secretary of Defense 
or the Secretary of Energy. 
(3) For each recommendation that has been, or will be, 
implemented— 
(A) the plan for such implementation, or, if applicable, 
a description of how such recommendation was imple-
mented; 
(B) an estimate of the cost of implementation; 
(C) the timeline for such implementation; and 
(D) a description of any additional resources the Sec-
retary 
concerned 
determines 
necessary 
for 
such 
implementation. 
(4) In the case of a recommendation the Secretary con-
cerned determines the relevant Department is already imple-
menting through a separate effort, the analysis and justification 
of the Secretary for such determination. 
(5) A description of any anticipated impacts to the Defense 
Industrial Base or the Nuclear Security Enterprise required 
to support a recommendation, and any projected net benefits 
to the economic competitiveness of the United States. 
(6) A description of the impact, if any, of implementing 
a recommendation with respect to other activities of the Depart-
ment of Defense or the Department of Energy. 
(7) Such other information as the Chairman of the Nuclear 
Weapons Council determines relevant. 
SEC. 1638. SENSE OF CONGRESS WITH RESPECT TO USE OF ARTIFICIAL 
INTELLIGENCE TO SUPPORT STRATEGIC DETERRENCE. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the considered use of artificial intelligence and machine 
learning tools presents opportunities to strengthen the security 
of critical strategic communications and early warning net-
works, improve the efficiency of planning processes to reduce 
the risk of collateral damage, and enhance U.S. capabilities 
for modeling weapons functionality in support of stockpile 
stewardship; and 
(2) even with such applications, particular care must be 
taken to ensure that the incorporation of artificial intelligence 
and machine learning tools does not increase the risk that 
our Nation’s most critical strategic assets can be compromised. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the use of artificial intelligence efforts should not compromise 
the 
integrity 
of 
nuclear 
safeguards, 
whether 
through 
the 
functionality of weapons systems, the validation of communications 
from command authorities, or the principle of requiring positive 
human actions in execution of decisions by the President with 
respect to the employment of nuclear weapons.
H. R. 5009—410 
Subtitle D—Missile Defense Programs 
SEC. 1641. EXPANSION OF CERTAIN PROHIBITIONS RELATING TO MIS-
SILE DEFENSE INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS TO APPLY 
TO PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. 
Section 5551 of title 10, United States Code, as added by 
section 1649, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘or the People’s Republic 
of China’’ after ‘‘the Russian Federation’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting ‘‘or the People’s Republic 
of China’’ after ‘‘the Russian Federation’’; and 
(3) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘or the People’s Republic 
of China’’ after ‘‘the Russian Federation’’. 
SEC. 1642. ADDITIONAL MISSILE DEFENSE SITE FOR PROTECTION OF 
UNITED STATES HOMELAND. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF ADDITIONAL INTERCEPTOR SITE.—Subject 
to the availability of appropriations for such purpose, not later 
than December 31, 2030, the Director of the Missile Defense Agency 
shall establish a fully operational third continental United States 
interceptor site on the East Coast of the United States. The Director 
shall establish such site at a location optimized to support the 
defense of the homeland of the United States from emerging long- 
range missile threats. 
(b) 
COORDINATION.—In 
establishing 
the 
interceptor 
site 
required under subsection (a), the Director shall coordinate with 
the commander of the relevant combatant command. 
(c) PLAN AND UPDATES.—Concurrent with the submission of 
the budget of the President to Congress pursuant to section 1105(a) 
of title 31, United States Code, for each of fiscal years 2026 through 
2031, the Director shall submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees— 
(1) a plan for establishing the interceptor site required 
under subsection (a); and 
(2) an update on the progress of the Director in establishing 
such site. 
SEC. 1643. ADVICE AND ASSISTANCE REGARDING ENHANCEMENT OF 
JORDANIAN AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
with the Secretary of State and the Commander of the United 
States Central Command, may seek to advise and assist the 
Kingdom of Jordan in enhancing capabilities for countering air 
and missile threats from Iran and groups linked to Iran, including 
the threat from unmanned aerial systems, that threaten the United 
States, Jordan, and other allies and partners of the United States. 
(b) PROTECTION
OF SENSITIVE TECHNOLOGY
AND INFORMA-
TION.—The Secretary shall ensure that any advice or assistance 
provided under this section appropriately protects sensitive tech-
nology and information and the national security interests of the 
United States and Jordan. 
(c) MIDDLE EAST INTEGRATED AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE.— 
Pursuant to section 1658 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 136 
Stat. 2951), the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, shall assess the feasibility of including Jordan 
in a multinational integrated air and missile defense architecture
H. R. 5009—411 
to protect the people, infrastructure, and territory of Jordan from 
cruise and ballistic missiles, manned and unmanned aerial systems, 
and rocket attacks from Iran and groups linked to Iran. 
SEC. 1644. IRON DOME SHORT-RANGE ROCKET DEFENSE SYSTEM AND 
ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM CO- 
DEVELOPMENT AND CO-PRODUCTION. 
(a) IRON DOME SHORT-RANGE ROCKET DEFENSE SYSTEM.— 
(1) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act for fiscal year 2025 for procurement, 
Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense Agency, 
not more than $110,000,000 may be provided to the Government 
of Israel to procure components for the Iron Dome short-range 
rocket defense system through co-production of such compo-
nents in the United States by industry of the United States. 
(2) CONDITIONS.— 
(A) AGREEMENT.—Funds described in paragraph (1) 
for the Iron Dome short-range rocket defense program shall 
be available subject to the terms and conditions in the 
Agreement Between the Department of Defense of the 
United States of America and the Ministry of Defense 
of the State of Israel Concerning Iron Dome Defense System 
Procurement, signed on March 5, 2014, as amended to 
include co-production for Tamir interceptors. 
(B) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 days prior to 
the initial obligation of funds described in paragraph (1), 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees— 
(i) a certification that the amended bilateral inter-
national agreement specified in subparagraph (A) is 
being implemented as provided in such agreement; 
(ii) an assessment detailing any risks relating to 
the implementation of such agreement; and 
(iii) for system improvements resulting in modified 
Iron Dome components and Tamir interceptor sub- 
components, a certification that the Government of 
Israel has demonstrated successful completion of 
Production Readiness Reviews, including the validation 
of production lines, the verification of component 
conformance, and the verification of performance to 
specification as defined in the Iron Dome Defense 
System Procurement Agreement, as further amended. 
(b) ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM, DAVID’S 
SLING WEAPON SYSTEM CO-PRODUCTION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (3), of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2025 for procure-
ment, Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense 
Agency not more than $40,000,000 may be provided to the 
Government of Israel to procure the David’s Sling Weapon 
System, including for co-production of parts and components 
in the United States by United States industry. 
(2) AGREEMENT.—Provision of funds specified in paragraph 
(1) shall be subject to the terms and conditions in the bilateral 
co-production agreement, including— 
(A) a one-for-one cash match is made by Israel or 
in another matching amount that otherwise meets best
H. R. 5009—412 
efforts (as mutually agreed to by the United States and 
Israel); and 
(B) co-production of parts, components, and all-up 
rounds (if appropriate) in the United States by United 
States industry for the David’s Sling Weapon System is 
not less than 50 percent. 
(3) CERTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT.—The Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees— 
(A) a certification that the Government of Israel has 
demonstrated the successful completion of the knowledge 
points, technical milestones, and Production Readiness 
Reviews required by the research, development, and tech-
nology agreement and the bilateral co-production agree-
ment for the David’s Sling Weapon System; and 
(B) an assessment detailing any risks relating to the 
implementation of such agreement. 
(c) ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM, ARROW 
3 UPPER TIER INTERCEPTOR PROGRAM CO-PRODUCTION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2025 for procure-
ment, Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense 
Agency not more than $50,000,000 may be provided to the 
Government of Israel for the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor 
Program, including for co-production of parts and components 
in the United States by United States industry. 
(2) CERTIFICATION.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a certification that— 
(A) the Government of Israel has demonstrated the 
successful completion of the knowledge points, technical 
milestones, and Production Readiness Reviews required by 
the research, development, and technology agreement for 
the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Program; 
(B) funds specified in paragraph (1) will be provided 
on the basis of a one-for-one cash match made by Israel 
or in another matching amount that otherwise meets best 
efforts (as mutually agreed to by the United States and 
Israel); 
(C) the United States has entered into a bilateral inter-
national agreement with Israel that establishes, with 
respect to the use of such funds— 
(i) in accordance with subparagraph (D), the terms 
of co-production of parts and components on the basis 
of the greatest practicable co-production of parts, 
components, and all-up rounds (if appropriate) by 
United States industry and minimizes nonrecurring 
engineering and facilitization expenses to the costs 
needed for co-production; 
(ii) complete transparency on the requirement of 
Israel for the number of interceptors and batteries 
that will be procured, including with respect to the 
procurement plans, acquisition strategy, and funding 
profiles of Israel; 
(iii) technical milestones for co-production of parts 
and components and procurement;
H. R. 5009—413 
(iv) a joint affordability working group to consider 
cost reduction initiatives; and 
(v) joint approval processes for third-party sales; 
and 
(D) the level of co-production described in subpara-
graph (C)(i) for the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Pro-
gram is not less than 50 percent. 
(d) NUMBER.—In carrying out paragraph (2) of subsection (b) 
and paragraph (2) of subsection (c), the Under Secretary may 
submit— 
(1) one certification covering both the David’s Sling Weapon 
System and the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Program; or 
(2) separate certifications for each respective system. 
(e) TIMING.—The Under Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees the certification and assessment under 
subsection (b)(3) and the certification under subsection (c)(2) not 
later than 30 days before the funds specified in paragraph (1) 
of subsections (b) and (c) for the respective system covered by 
the certification are provided to the Government of Israel. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means 
the following: 
(1) The congressional defense committees. 
(2) The Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
(3) The Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives. 
SEC. 1645. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS WITH RESPECT 
TO CERTAIN MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM GOVERNANCE 
DOCUMENTS, POLICIES, AND PROCEDURES. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or 
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2025 for the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Research and Engineering for travel, not 
more than 90 percent may be obligated or expended until the 
date on which such Under Secretary submits to the congressional 
defense committees a certification that a notification to repeal, 
replace, or supersede the Directive-type Memorandum 20–002 has 
been submitted— 
(1) in accordance with section 205(b) of title 10, United 
States Code; and 
(2) pursuant to section 1667 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 
10 U.S.C. 205 note). 
SEC. 1646. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT WITH 
RESPECT TO INCIDENTS THAT AFFECT AVAILABILITY OF 
UNITED STATES HOMELAND MISSILE DEFENSES. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—If the Secretary of Defense determines that 
an incident has affected the availability of the ground-based mid-
course defense system, or has impeded the function of such system, 
in a manner that inhibits the capability of such system to ade-
quately respond to the operational mission of such system as 
required by the Commander of the United States Northern Com-
mand, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate Members of 
Congress a notification of such incident by not later than 24 hours 
after the Secretary makes such determination.
H. R. 5009—414 
(b) APPROPRIATE MEMBERS
OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate Members of Congress’’ means each 
chair and ranking member of the congressional defense committees. 
SEC. 1647. PLAN FOR COMPREHENSIVE BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE 
RADAR COVERAGE OF GUAM. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Commander of the United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand, in coordination with the Secretary of the Army, the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the 
Director of the Missile Defense Agency, shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a plan, including an implementation 
schedule, for— 
(1) providing simultaneous radar coverage of ballistic mis-
sile threats against Guam from the People’s Republic of China 
and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; and 
(2) enabling the effective engagement of Terminal High 
Altitude Area Defense interceptors against incoming ballistic 
missile attacks on Guam, as required. 
SEC. 1648. ANNUAL BRIEFING ON MISSILE DEFENSE OF GUAM. 
(a) BRIEFINGS REQUIRED.—Concurrent with the first submission 
to Congress of a budget pursuant to section 1105(a) of title 31, 
United States Code, after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
and with each submission of a budget to Congress pursuant to 
such section until the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment determines that the missile defense system pro-
tecting Guam achieves full operational capability, the Under Sec-
retary shall provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on the missile defense of Guam. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing under subsection (a) shall cover 
the following: 
(1) The current architecture of the missile defense system 
protecting Guam as compared to the prior year. 
(2) A consolidated list of funds estimated within the most 
recent future-years defense program under section 221 of title 
10, United States Code, for the missile defense of Guam as 
compared to the prior fiscal year, including with respect to— 
(A) missile defense systems; 
(B) missile defense interceptors; 
(C) network and communications systems; 
(D) research, development, test, and evaluation; 
(E) software development; 
(F) military construction; 
(G) operations and maintenance, including advanced 
planning and infrastructure sustainment, renovation, and 
maintenance funds; 
(H) civilian and military personnel, including quality 
of life supporting functions; and 
(I) such other matters as the Under Secretary considers 
appropriate. 
(c) MAJOR HIGHLIGHTS.—Each briefing under subsection (a) 
shall include notable highlights and changes affecting the progress 
towards initial and full operational capability of the missile defense 
system protecting Guam.
H. R. 5009—415 
SEC. 1649. ORGANIZATION AND CODIFICATION OF PROVISIONS OF LAW 
RELATING TO MISSILE DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle A of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following new part: 
‘‘PART VI—ELEMENTS OF DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE AND OTHER MATTERS 
‘‘Subpart A—Elements 
‘‘CHAPTER 551—MISSILE DEFENSE 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER I—ORGANIZATION 
‘‘5501. National missile defense policy. 
‘‘5502. Missile defense agency. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER II—BUDGET AND ACQUISITION MATTERS 
‘‘5511. Ballistic missile defense programs: program elements. 
‘‘5512. Ballistic missile defense programs: display of amounts for research, develop-
ment, test, and evaluation. 
‘‘5513. Unfunded priorities of the missile defense agency: annual report. 
‘‘5514. Acquisition accountability on the missile defense system. 
‘‘5515. Missile defense and defeat programs: major force program and budget as-
sessment. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER III—MISSILE DEFENSE CAPABILITIES 
‘‘5531. Technical authority for integrated air and missile defense activities and pro-
grams. 
‘‘5532. Hypersonic defense capability development. 
‘‘5533. Required testing of ground-based midcourse defense element of ballistic mis-
sile defense system. 
‘‘5534. Integration and interoperability of air and missile defense capabilities. 
‘‘5535. Development of requirements to support integrated air and missile defense 
capabilities. 
‘‘5536. Testing and assessment of missile defense systems prior to production and 
deployment. 
‘‘5537. Limitation on Missile Defense Agency production of satellites and ground 
systems associated with operation of such satellites. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER IV—MISSILE DEFENSE INFORMATION 
‘‘5551. Prohibitions relating to missile defense information and systems. 
‘‘5552. Biannual briefing on missile defense and related activities. 
‘‘5553. Provision of information on flight testing of ground-based midcourse national 
missile defense system. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER I—ORGANIZATION 
‘‘§ 5501. National missile defense policy 
‘‘It is the policy of the United States— 
‘‘(1) to research, develop, test, procure, deploy, and sustain, 
with funding subject to the annual authorization of appropria-
tions for National Missile Defense, systems that provide effec-
tive, layered missile defense capabilities to defeat increasingly 
complex missile threats in all phases of flight; and 
‘‘(2) to rely on nuclear deterrence to address more sophisti-
cated and larger quantity near-peer intercontinental missile 
threats to the homeland of the United States. 
‘‘§ 5502. Missile defense agency 
‘‘(a) APPOINTMENT OF DIRECTOR.—The Director of the Missile 
Defense Agency shall be a general or flag officer appointed for 
a six-year term.