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(1) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end; 
(2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(iii) any article— 
‘‘(I) designated by the President 
for purposes of the United States Mu-
nitions List under section 38(a)(1) of 
the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2778(a)(1)); and 
‘‘(II) with respect to which the 
President determines is significant for 
purposes of the imposition of sanc-
tions under subsection (a); or 
‘‘(iv) other goods or technologies that 
the President determines may be used by 
the Government of Syria to commit human 
rights abuses against the people of Syria.’’. 
SEC. 203. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANITARIAN AC-
CESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Syria Human Rights Ac-
countability Act of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791 et seq.) is 
amended— 
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(1) by redesignating sections 705 and 706 as 
sections 706 and 707, respectively; 
(2) by inserting after section 704 the following: 
‘‘SEC. 705. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANITARIAN AC-
CESS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose sanc-
tions described in section 702(c) with respect to each per-
son on the list required by subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) LIST
OF PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANI-
TARIAN ACCESS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Caesar Syria 
Civilian Protection Act of 2017, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a list of persons that the President determines have 
engaged in deliberate diversion, hindering, or block-
ing of access for humanitarian purposes for the 
United Nations, its specialized agencies and imple-
menting partners, national and international non-
governmental organizations, and all other actors en-
gaged in humanitarian relief activities in Syria, in-
cluding through the deliberate targeting of such hu-
manitarian actors and activities in Syria and across 
conflict lines and borders. 
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‘‘(2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
an updated list under paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) not later than 300 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Caesar Syria Civilian 
Protection Act of 2017 and every 180 days 
thereafter; and 
‘‘(B) as new information becomes avail-
able. 
‘‘(3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 
contain a classified annex.’’; and 
(3) in section 706 (as so redesignated), by 
striking ‘‘or 704’’ and inserting ‘‘704, or 705’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
for the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 2012 
is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 
704 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 705. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who hinder humani-
tarian access.’’. 
SEC. 204. REPORT ON CERTAIN PERSONS WHO ARE RE-
SPONSIBLE FOR OR COMPLICIT IN CERTAIN 
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed 
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report with respect to whether each person described in 
subsection (c) meets the requirements described in section 
702(b) of the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 
2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791(b)) for purposes of inclusion on the 
list of persons who are responsible for or complicit in cer-
tain human rights abuses under such section. 
(b) JUSTIFICATION.—The President shall include in 
the report required by subsection (a) a description of the 
reasons why any of the persons described in subsection 
(c) do not meet the requirements described in section 
702(b) of the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 
2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791(b)), including information on 
whether sufficient credible evidence of responsibility for 
such abuses was found or whether any of the persons de-
scribed in subsection (c) have been designated pursuant 
to— 
(1) Executive Order No. 13572 of April 29, 
2011 (76 Fed. Reg. 24787; relating to blocking 
property of certain persons with respect to human 
rights abuses in Syria); 
(2) Executive Order No. 13573 of May 18, 
2011 (76 Fed. Reg. 29143; relating to blocking 
property of senior officials of the Government of 
Syria); 
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(3) Executive Order No. 13582 of August 17, 
2011 (76 Fed. Reg. 52209; relating to blocking 
property of the Government of Syria and prohibiting 
certain transactions with respect to Syria); or 
(4) Executive Order No. 13606 of April 22, 
2012 (77 Fed. Reg. 24571; relating to blocking the 
property and suspending entry into the United 
States of certain persons with respect to grave 
human rights abuses by the Governments of Iran 
and Syria via information technology). 
(c) PERSONS DESCRIBED.—The persons described in 
this subsection are the following: 
(1) Bashar Al-Assad. 
(2) Asma Al-Assad. 
(3) Rami Makhlouf. 
(4) Bouthayna Shaaban. 
(5) Walid Moallem. 
(6) Ali Al-Salim. 
(7) Wael Nader Al-Halqi. 
(8) Jamil Hassan. 
(9) Suhail Hassan. 
(10) Ali Mamluk. 
(11) Muhammed Khadour, Deir Ez Zor Mili-
tary and Security. 
(12) Jamal Razzouq, Security Branch 243. 
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(13) Munzer Ghanam, Air Force Intelligence. 
(14) Daas Hasan Ali, Branch 327. 
(15) Jassem Ali Jassem Hamad, Political Secu-
rity. 
(16) Samir Muhammad Youssef, Military Intel-
ligence. 
(17) Ali Ahmad Dayoub, Air Force Intelligence. 
(18) 
Khaled 
Muhsen 
Al-Halabi, 
Security 
Branch 335. 
(19) Mahmoud Kahila, Political Security. 
(20) Zuhair Ahmad Hamad, Provincial Secu-
rity. 
(21) Wafiq Nasser, Security Branch 245. 
(22) Qussay Mayoub, Air Force Intelligence. 
(23) Muhammad Ammar Sardini, Political Se-
curity. 
(24) Fouad Hammouda, Military Security. 
(25) Hasan Daaboul, Branch 261. 
(26) Yahia Wahbi, Air Force Intelligence. 
(27) Okab Saqer, Security Branch 318. 
(28) Husam Luqa, Political Security. 
(29) Sami Al-Hasan, Security Branch 219. 
(30) Yassir Deeb, Political Security. 
(31) Ibrahim Darwish, Security Branch 220. 
(32) Nasser Deeb, Political Security. 
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(33) Abdullatif Al-Fahed, Security Branch 290. 
(34) Adeeb Namer Salamah, Air Force Intel-
ligence. 
(35) Akram Muhammed, State Security. 
(36) Reyad Abbas, Political Security. 
(37) Ali Abdullah Ayoub, Syrian Armed Forces. 
(38) Fahd Jassem Al-Freij, Defense Ministry. 
(39) Issam Halaq, Air Force. 
(40) Ghassan Al-Abdullah, General Intelligence 
Directorate. 
(41) Maher Al-Assad, Republican Guard. 
(42) Fahad Al-Farouch. 
(43) Rafiq Shahada, Military Intelligence. 
(44) Loay Al-Ali, Military Intelligence. 
(45) Nawfal Al-Husayn, Military Intelligence. 
(46) Muhammad Zamrini, Military Intelligence. 
(47) Muhammad Mahallah, Military Intel-
ligence. 
(d) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex if necessary. 
(e) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on 
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Ways and Means, and the Committee on the Judici-
ary of the House of Representatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-
fairs, the Committee on Finance, and the Committee 
on the Judiciary of the Senate. 
TITLE III—REPORTS AND WAIV-
ER FOR HUMANITARIAN-RE-
LATED ACTIVITIES WITH RE-
SPECT TO SYRIA 
SEC. 301. BRIEFING ON MONITORING AND EVALUATING OF 
ONGOING ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IN SYRIA 
AND TO THE SYRIAN PEOPLE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
and the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development shall brief the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate on the 
monitoring and evaluation of ongoing assistance programs 
in Syria and for the Syrian people, including assistance 
provided through multilateral organizations. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The briefing re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include— 
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(1) the specific project monitoring and evalua-
tion efforts, including measurable goals and per-
formance metrics for assistance in Syria; 
(2) a description of the memoranda of under-
standing entered into by the Department of State, 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment, and their respective Inspectors General and 
the multilateral organizations through which United 
States assistance will be delivered that formalize re-
quirements for the sharing of information between 
such entities for the conduct of audits, investiga-
tions, and evaluations; and 
(3) the major challenges to monitoring and 
evaluating such programs. 
SEC. 302. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL METHODS TO EN-
HANCE THE PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
that— 
(1) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, 
and operational requirements of the establishment 
and maintenance of a no-fly zone over part or all of 
Syria, including— 
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(A) the operational and legal requirements 
for United States and coalition air power to es-
tablish a no-fly zone in Syria; 
(B) the impact a no-fly zone in Syria 
would have on humanitarian and counterter-
rorism efforts in Syria and the surrounding re-
gion; and 
(C) the potential for force contributions 
from other countries to establish a no-fly zone 
in Syria; 
(2) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, 
and operational requirements for the establishment 
of one or more safe zones in Syria for internally dis-
placed persons or for the facilitation of humani-
tarian assistance, including— 
(A) the operational and legal requirements 
for United States and coalition forces to estab-
lish one or more safe zones in Syria; 
(B) the impact one or more safe zones in 
Syria would have on humanitarian and counter-
terrorism efforts in Syria and the surrounding 
region; and 
(C) the potential for contributions from 
other countries and vetted non-state actor part-
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ners to establish and maintain one or more safe 
zones in Syria; 
(3) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, 
and operational requirements of other non-military 
means to enhance the protection of civilians, espe-
cially civilians who are in besieged areas, trapped at 
borders, or internally displaced; and 
(4) describes the Administration’s plan for re-
cruitment, training, and retention of partner forces, 
including— 
(A) identification of the United States 
partner forces operating on the ground; 
(B) the primary source of strength for 
each armed actor engaged in hostilities; 
(C) the capabilities, requirements, and 
vulnerabilities of each armed actor; 
(D) the United States role in mitigating 
vulnerabilities of partner forces; and 
(E) the Administration’s measures of suc-
cess for partner forces, including— 
(i) increasing Syrian civilian security; 
and 
(ii) working toward an end to the con-
flict in Syria. 
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(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex if necessary. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—The report required by sub-
section (a) shall be informed by consultations with the De-
partment of State, the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development, the Department of Defense, and 
international and local organizations operating in Syria or 
in neighboring countries to alleviate the suffering of the 
Syrian people. 
(d) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate. 
SEC. 303. ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT ENTITIES TAKING AC-
TIONS RELATING TO GATHERING EVIDENCE 
FOR INVESTIGATIONS INTO WAR CRIMES OR 
CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN SYRIA SINCE 
MARCH 2011. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, the Secretary of State, acting through the As-
sistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and 
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Labor and the Assistant Secretary for International Nar-
cotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, is authorized to pro-
vide assistance to support entities that are conducting 
criminal investigations, building Syrian investigative ca-
pacity, supporting prosecutions in national courts, col-
lecting evidence and preserving the chain of evidence for 
eventual prosecution against those who have committed 
war crimes or crimes against humanity in Syria, including 
the aiding and abetting of such crimes by foreign govern-
ments and organizations supporting the Government of 
Syria, since March 2011. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
brief the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate on assistance provided under subsection (a). 
TITLE 
IV—SUSPENSION 
OF 
SANCTIONS 
WITH 
RESPECT 
TO SYRIA 
SEC. 401. SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
SYRIA. 
(a) SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS.— 
(1) 
NEGOTIATIONS
NOT
CONCLUDING
IN 
AGREEMENT.—If the President determines that 
internationally recognized negotiations to resolve the 
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violence in Syria have not concluded in an agree-
ment or are likely not to conclude in an agreement, 
the President may suspend, as appropriate, in whole 
or in part, the imposition of sanctions otherwise re-
quired under this Act or any amendment made by 
this Act for a period not to exceed 120 days, and re-
newable for additional periods not to exceed 120 
days, if the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees in writing a determination 
and certification that the Government of Syria has 
ended military attacks against and gross violations 
of the human rights of the Syrian people, specifi-
cally— 
(A) the air space over Syria is no longer 
being utilized by the Government of Syria and 
associated forces to target civilian populations 
through the use of incendiary devices, including 
barrel bombs, chemical weapons, and conven-
tional arms, including air-delivered missiles and 
explosives; 
(B) areas besieged by the Assad regime 
and associated forces, including Hezbollah and 
irregular Iranian forces, are no longer cut off 
from international aid and have regular access 
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to humanitarian assistance, freedom of travel, 
and medical care; 
(C) the Government of Syria is releasing 
all political prisoners forcibly held within the 
Assad regime prison system, including the fa-
cilities maintained by various security, intel-
ligence, and military elements associated with 
the Government of Syria and allowed full access 
to the same facilities for investigations by ap-
propriate international human rights organiza-
tions; and 
(D) the forces of the Government of Syria 
and associated forces, including Hezbollah, ir-
regular Iranian forces, and Russian government 
air assets, are no longer engaged in deliberate 
targeting of medical facilities, schools, residen-
tial areas, and community gathering places, in-
cluding markets, in flagrant violation of inter-
national norms. 
(2) NEGOTIATIONS
CONCLUDING
IN
AGREE-
MENT.— 
(A) INITIAL SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS.— 
If the President determines that internationally 
recognized negotiations to resolve the violence 
in Syria have concluded in an agreement or are 
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likely to conclude in an agreement, the Presi-
dent may suspend, as appropriate, in whole or 
in part, the imposition of sanctions otherwise 
required under this Act or any amendment 
made by this Act for a period not to exceed 120 
days if the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees in writing a deter-
mination and certification that— 
(i) in the case in which the negotia-
tions are likely to conclude in an agree-
ment— 
(I) the Government of Syria, the 
Syrian High Negotiations Committee 
or its internationally-recognized suc-
cessor, and appropriate international 
parties are participating in direct, 
face-to-face negotiations; and 
(II) the suspension of sanctions 
under this Act or any amendment 
made by this Act is essential to the 
advancement of such negotiations; and 
(ii) the Government of Syria has dem-
onstrated a commitment to a significant 
and substantial reduction in attacks on 
and violence against the Syrian people by 
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the Government of Syria and associated 
forces. 
(B) RENEWAL OF SUSPENSION OF SANC-
TIONS.—The President may renew a suspension 
of sanctions under subparagraph (A) for addi-
tional periods not to exceed 120 days if, for 
each such additional period, the President sub-
mits to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees in writing a determination and certification 
that— 
(i) the conditions described in clauses 
(i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) are con-
tinuing to be met; 
(ii) the renewal of the suspension of 
sanctions is essential to implementing an 
agreement described in subparagraph (A) 
or making progress toward concluding an 
agreement described in subparagraph (A); 
(iii) the Government of Syria and as-
sociated forces have ceased attacks against 
Syrian civilians; and 
(iv) the Government of Syria has pub-
licly committed to negotiations for a tran-
sitional government in Syria and continues 
to demonstrate that commitment through 
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sustained engagement in talks and sub-
stantive and verifiable progress towards 
the implementation of such an agreement. 
(3) BRIEFING
AND
REIMPOSITION
OF
SANC-
TIONS.— 
(A) BRIEFING.—Not later than 30 days 
after the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a determination and 
certification in the case of a renewal of suspen-
sion of sanctions under paragraph (2)(B), and 
every 30 days thereafter, the President shall 
provide a briefing to the appropriate congres-
sional committees on the status and frequency 
of negotiations described in paragraph (2). 
(B) RE-IMPOSITION
OF
SANCTIONS.—If 
the President provides a briefing to the appro-
priate congressional committees under subpara-
graph (A) with respect to which the President 
indicates a lapse in negotiations described in 
paragraph (2) for a period that equals or ex-
ceeds 90 days, the sanctions that were sus-
pended under paragraph (2)(B) shall be re-im-
posed and any further suspension of such sanc-
tions is prohibited. 
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(4) DEFINITION.—In this subsection, the term 
‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Financial Services, the Com-
mittee on Ways and Means, and the Committee 
on the Judiciary of the House of Representa-
tives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, and 
the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR 
DETERMINING
A
TRANSITIONAL
GOVERNMENT
IN 
SYRIA.—It is the sense of Congress that a transitional 
government in Syria is a government that— 
(1) is taking verifiable steps to release all polit-
ical prisoners and is providing full access to Syrian 
prisons for investigations by appropriate inter-
national human rights organizations; 
(2) is taking verifiable steps to remove former 
senior Syrian Government officials who are complicit 
in the conception, implementation, or cover up of 
war crimes, crimes against humanity, or human 
rights abuses and any person subject to sanctions 
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under any provision of law from government posi-
tions; 
(3) is in the process of organizing free and fair 
elections for a new government— 
(A) to be held in a timely manner and 
scheduled while the suspension of sanctions or 
the renewal of the suspension of sanctions 
under this section is in effect; and 
(B) to be conducted under the supervision 
of internationally recognized observers; 
(4) is making tangible progress toward estab-
lishing an independent judiciary; 
(5) is demonstrating respect for and compliance 
with internationally recognized human rights and 
basic freedoms as specified in the Universal Declara-
tion of Human Rights; 
(6) is taking steps to verifiably fulfill its com-
mitments under the Chemical Weapons Convention 
and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear 
Weapons and is making tangible progress toward be-
coming a signatory to Convention on the Prohibition 
of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of 
Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and 
on their Destruction, entered into force March 26, 
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1975, and adhering to the Missile Technology Con-
trol Regime and other control lists, as necessary; 
(7) has halted the development and deployment 
of ballistic and cruise missiles; and 
(8) is taking verifiable steps to remove from po-
sitions of authority within the intelligence and secu-
rity services as well as the military those who were 
in a position of authority or responsibility during the 
conflict and who under the authority of their posi-
tion were implicated in or implicit in the torture, 
extrajudicial killing, or execution of civilians, to in-
clude those who were involved in decisionmaking or 
execution of plans to use chemical weapons. 
SEC. 402. WAIVERS AND EXEMPTIONS. 
(a) EXEMPTIONS.—The following activities and 
transactions shall be exempt from sanctions authorized 
under this Act or any amendment made by this Act: 
(1) Any activity subject to the reporting re-
quirements under title V of the National Security 
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.), or to any au-
thorized intelligence activities of the United States. 
(2) Any transaction necessary to comply with 
United States obligations under— 
(A) the Agreement between the United Na-
tions and the United States of America regard-
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ing the Headquarters of the United Nations, 
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and en-
tered into force November 21, 1947; 
(B) the Convention on Consular Relations, 
done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and entered 
into force March 19, 1967; or 
(C) any other international agreement to 
which the United States is a party. 
(b) HUMANITARIAN, STABILIZATION, AND DEMOC-
RACY ASSISTANCE WAIVER.— 
(1) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It shall be the 
policy of the United States to fully utilize the waiver 
authority under this subsection to ensure that ade-
quate humanitarian relief or support for stabilization 
and democracy promotion is provided to the Syrian 
people. 
(2) WAIVER.—Except as provided in paragraph 
(5) and subsection (d), the President may waive, on 
a case-by-case basis, for a period not to exceed 1 
year, and renewable for additional periods not to ex-
ceed 1 year, the application of sanctions authorized 
under this Act with respect to a person if the Presi-
dent submits to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a written determination that the waiver is 
necessary for purposes of providing humanitarian or 
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of this Act and the amendments made by this Act that 
the regulations are implementing. 
(d) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
Representatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-
fairs of the Senate. 
SEC. 502. COST LIMITATION. 
No additional funds are authorized to carry out the 
requirements of this Act and the amendments made by 
this Act. Such requirements shall be carried out using 
amounts otherwise authorized. 
SEC. 503. AUTHORITY TO CONSOLIDATE REPORTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Any reports required to be sub-
mitted to the appropriate congressional committees under 
this Act or any amendment made by this Act that are sub-
ject to a deadline for submission consisting of the same 
unit of time may be consolidated into a single report that 
is submitted to appropriate congressional committees pur-
suant to such deadline. The consolidated reports shall con-
tain all information required under this Act or any amend-
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