5,000 to 13,000 detainees between September 2011 
and December 2015. 
(9) The regime of Bashar al-Assad has repeat-
edly blocked civilian access to or diverted humani-
tarian assistance, including medical supplies, from 
besieged and hard-to-reach areas, in violation of 
United Nations Security Council resolutions. 
(10) The Assad regime is subject to and in viola-
tion of both United Nations Security Council Resolu-
tion 2118 (2013) on the Framework for Elimination 
of Syrian Chemical Weapons and United Nations Se-
curity Council Resolution 2209 (2015) Condemning 
the Use of Chlorine Gas in Syria. 
(11) The Governments of the Russian Federation 
and Iran have supported the Assad regime, perpet-
uated the conflict, and deployed tactics and strategies 
that have caused grave harm to civilians, including 
their conduct in the siege of eastern Aleppo which 
may constitute war crimes and crimes against hu-
manity. 
(12) The United States Government has provided 
nearly $6,000,000,000 since 2011 in humanitarian 
assistance to communities and people directly im-
pacted by the Syrian conflict, including $364,000,000 
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that will be provided in fiscal year 2017 for refugees 
and other people displaced by the Syrian conflict. 
(13) The United States Armed Forces are lead-
ing the Global Coalition to Counter ISIS and are de-
ployed with Coalition allies within the territory of 
Syria and are working by, with, and through local 
Syrian partner forces to defeat ISIS and stabilize ter-
ritory taken from it. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) urges all parties to the conflict in Syria, par-
ticularly the Russian Federation, Iran, and Iranian- 
backed militias, to immediately halt indiscriminate 
attacks, the imposition of starvation sieges, and other 
forms of warfare directed against civilians and civil-
ian infrastructure; 
(2) strongly urges all parties to the conflict to re-
spect the safety, security, independence, and impar-
tiality of humanitarian workers and medical profes-
sionals, ensuring freedom of movement to deliver aid, 
particularly in areas of Syria controlled by opposi-
tion forces; 
(3) encourages the President to make it the pol-
icy of the United States Government to continue to 
coordinate a comprehensive and generous response to 
the humanitarian crisis in Syria, including assist-
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ance and development and protection of human rights 
inside Syria and in the region; 
(4) urges all parties in Syria to support the im-
mediate and full implementation of United Nations 
Security Council Resolution 2268 (2016), which calls 
for a cessation of hostilities in the conflict, except 
with respect to ISIS and al Qaeda and their affili-
ated organizations, and to facilitate the provision of 
humanitarian assistance and reconstruction of war- 
affected communities in Syria; 
(5) affirms that the elimination of al Qaeda and 
ISIS safe havens in Syria from which those organiza-
tions can plan and launch attacks against the United 
States and its partners is a vital national security 
interest of the United States; 
(6) affirms that the stability of key European 
and Middle Eastern partners is vital to the national 
security of the United States, and preventing the Syr-
ian conflict from undermining that stability is a top 
priority for the United States; 
(7) calls on the international community to con-
tinue to support neighboring countries and host com-
munities who are generously supporting refugees and 
internally displaced persons fleeing the conflict in 
Syria; 
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(8) calls on the President to continue the active 
participation of the United States Government in a 
robust and effective diplomatic process to achieve a 
political agreement to the Syrian conflict; and 
(9) urges the President to develop and submit to 
the Committees on Foreign Relations and Armed 
Services of the Senate and the Committees on Foreign 
Affairs and Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives within 90 days a strategy for providing 
long-term stability and security in areas seized from 
ISIS in Syria. 
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; 
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; 
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(E) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(F) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
(2) GENOCIDE.—The term ‘‘genocide’’ means any 
offense described in section 1091(a) of title 18, United 
States Code. 
(3) HUMANITARIAN, STABILIZATION, AND RECOV-
ERY NEEDS.—The term ‘‘humanitarian, stabilization, 
and recovery needs’’, with respect to an individual, 
includes water, sanitation, hygiene, food security, nu-
trition, shelter, housing, reconstruction, medical, edu-
cation, and psychosocial needs. 
(4) HYBRID TRIBUNAL.—The term ‘‘hybrid tri-
bunal’’ means a temporary criminal tribunal that in-
volves a combination of domestic and international 
lawyers, judges, and other professionals to prosecute 
individuals suspected of committing war crimes, 
crimes against humanity, or genocide. 
(5) INTERNATIONALIZED DOMESTIC COURT.—The 
term ‘‘internationalized domestic court’’ means a do-
mestic court with the support of international advis-
ers. 
(6) TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE.—The term ‘‘transi-
tional justice’’ means the range of judicial, non-
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