‘‘(3) ENHANCING THE PROPAGATION AND SUR-
VIVAL OF WILDLIFE.—No person exempted under 
paragraph (1) may shoot, attempt to shoot, or har-
ass any wolf, bear, or wolverine for the purpose of 
enhancing the propagation and survival of wildlife, 
including game populations, unless— 
‘‘(A) the head of the fish and wildlife agen-
cy of the State and, for game populations on 
land under the jurisdiction of the Department 
of the Interior, the Secretary of the Interior, or 
for game populations on land under the juris-
diction of the Department of Agriculture, the 
Secretary of Agriculture, determines, based on 
the best scientific data available, that— 
‘‘(i) a biological emergency is immi-
nent; and 
‘‘(ii) all other practicable means to 
prevent the biological emergency, including 
stopping regulated takes of the declining 
population, have been implemented; 
‘‘(B) the action is carried out— 
‘‘(i) by an officer or employee of— 
‘‘(I) the fish and wildlife agency 
of the State; or 
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‘‘(II)(aa) for game populations 
on land under the jurisdiction of the 
Department of the Interior, the De-
partment of the Interior; or 
‘‘(bb) for game populations on 
land under the jurisdiction of the De-
partment of Agriculture, the Depart-
ment of Agriculture; and 
‘‘(ii) only in the specific geographical 
area in which the imminent biological 
emergency is located; and 
‘‘(C) the action results in the removal of 
not more than the minimum number of preda-
tors necessary to prevent the biological emer-
gency. 
‘‘(4) EXCEPTION
RELATING
TO
ACTIONS
AU-
THORIZED BY SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR.—The 
Secretary of the Interior may authorize any action 
described in subsection (a)— 
‘‘(A) to prevent the extinction of a species 
that is listed as a threatened species or endan-
gered species under section 4(c)(1) of the En-
dangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
1533(c)(1)); and 
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‘‘(B) if the Secretary of the Interior deter-
mines that there is no other means available to 
address the threat of extinction of the species 
described in subparagraph (A).’’. 
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 13 of the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 (16 
U.S.C. 742j–1) is amended by striking subsection (c) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) AIRCRAFT.—The term ‘aircraft’ means 
any contrivance used for flight in the air. 
‘‘(2) BIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY.—The term ‘bio-
logical emergency’ means the likely extirpation or a 
significant and imminent threat to the sustainability 
of a wildlife population due to predation by wolves, 
bears, or wolverines (or any combination thereof). 
‘‘(3) HARASS.—The term ‘harass’ means— 
‘‘(A) chasing or exhausting an animal; and 
‘‘(B) such other activities as are deter-
mined by the Secretary.’’. 
Æ 
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