SEC. 2. STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES TO TELE-
HEALTH UNDER THE MEDICARE AND MED-
ICAID PROGRAMS DURING THE COVID–19 
EMERGENCY. 
(a) MEDICARE REPORTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the end of the emergency period described in section 
1135(g)(1)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1320b–5(g)(1)(B)), the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services (in this section referred to as the 
‘‘Secretary’’) shall conduct a study and submit to 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the 
Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Finance of 
the Senate an interim report on any changes made 
to the provision or availability of telehealth services 
under part A or B of title XVIII of the Social Secu-
rity Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) during such pe-
riod. Such report shall include the following: 
(A) A summary of utilization of all health 
care services furnished under such part A or B 
during such period, including the number of 
telehealth visits (broken down by the number of 
such visits furnished via audio-visual tech-
nology, the number of such visits furnished via 
audio-only technology, and the number of such 
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visits furnished by a Federally qualified health 
center, rural health clinic, or community health 
center, respectively, if practicable, and further 
broken down by the type of such service (such 
as primary care, mental heath, and specialty 
services)), in-person outpatient visits, inpatient 
admissions, and emergency department visits. 
(B) A description of any changes in utiliza-
tion patterns for the care settings described in 
paragraph (1) over the course of such period 
compared to such patterns prior to such period. 
(C) An analysis of utilization of telehealth 
services, patient access to care, and patient out-
comes under such part A or B during such pe-
riod, broken down by race and ethnicity, geo-
graphic region, and income level (as measured 
directly or indirectly, such as by patient’s zip 
code tabulation area median income as publicly 
reported by the United States Census Bureau), 
and of any trends in such utilization during 
such period, so broken down. Such analysis may 
not include any personally identifiable informa-
tion or protected health information. 
(D) A specification of the zip code where 
each health care provider furnishing such tele-
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health services was located at the time of fur-
nishing such services. 
(E) A description of expenditures and any 
savings under such part A or B attributable to 
use of such telehealth services during such pe-
riod. 
(F) A description of any changes to patient 
access to care under such part A or B attrib-
utable to use of such telehealth services during 
such period. 
(G) A description of any instances of fraud 
identified by the Secretary, acting through the 
Office of the Inspector General or other rel-
evant agencies and departments, with respect to 
such telehealth services furnished under such 
part A or B during such period and a compari-
son of the number of such instances with the 
number of instances of fraud so identified with 
respect to in-person services so furnished dur-
ing such period. 
(H) A description of any privacy concerns 
with respect to the furnishing of such telehealth 
services (such as cybersecurity or ransomware 
concerns), including a description of any actions 
taken by the Secretary, acting through the 
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Health Sector Cybersecurity Coordination Cen-
ter or other relevant agencies and departments, 
during such period to assist health care pro-
viders secure telecommunications systems. 
(2) INPUT.—In conducting the study and sub-
mitting the report under subsection (a), the Sec-
retary— 
(A) may— 
(i) consult with relevant stakeholders 
(such as patients, minority or tribal 
groups, patient advocacy organizations, 
medical professionals, hospitals, State med-
ical boards, State nursing boards, the Fed-
eration of State Medical Boards, National 
Council of State Boards of Nursing, med-
ical professional employers (such as hos-
pitals, medical groups, staffing companies), 
telehealth groups, health professional li-
ability providers, public and private payers, 
and State leaders); and 
(ii) solicit public comments on such 
report before the submission of such re-
port; and 
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(B) shall endeavor to include as many ra-
cially, ethnically, geographically, and profes-
sionally diverse perspectives as possible. 
(3) FINAL REPORT.—Not later than December 
31, 2025, the Secretary shall— 
(A) update and finalize the interim report 
under subsection (a); and 
(B) submit such updated and finalized re-
port to the committees specified in such sub-
section. 
(b) MEDICAID REPORTS.— 
(1) INTERIM REPORT.—Not later than 1 year 
after the last day of the emergency period described 
in subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress an interim report that— 
(A) details any changes made to the provi-
sion or availability of telehealth benefits (such 
as eligibility, coverage, or payment changes) 
under State plans (or waivers of such plan) 
under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) during such emergency pe-
riod; and 
(B) contains— 
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