mobility system research advancements. The advisory 
committee shall be composed of not fewer than 15 mem-
bers, including representatives of research and academic 
institutions, environmental organizations, industry, and 
nongovernmental entities, including relevant labor organi-
zations and associations representing automobile manu-
facturers, who are qualified to provide advice on the re-
search, development, and demonstration activities under 
this Act (in this section referred to as the ‘‘DOE Vehicle 
Program’’). 
(b) ASSESSMENT.—The advisory committee shall as-
sess— 
(1) the current state of United States competi-
tiveness in advancing vehicle technologies and mobil-
ity systems, including— 
(A) the scope and scale of United States 
investments in sustainable and advanced trans-
portation research, development, and dem-
onstration; and 
(B) the scope and scale of research, devel-
opment, and demonstration activities to lower 
vehicle and fuel lifecycle greenhouse gas emis-
sions; 
(2) progress made in implementing the DOE 
Vehicle Program, including progress toward meeting 
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the technical milestones as determined by the Sec-
retary pursuant to section 4; 
(3) the balance of research and development ac-
tivities and funding across the DOE Vehicle Pro-
gram; 
(4) the management, coordination, implementa-
tion, and activities of the DOE Vehicle Program; 
(5) whether environmental, safety, security, and 
other appropriate issues are adequately addressed by 
the DOE Vehicle Program; and 
(6) other relevant topics as determined by the 
Secretary. 
(c) REPORTS.—Not later than two years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently 
than once every three years thereafter, the advisory com-
mittee shall submit to the Secretary, the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate a report on— 
(1) the findings of the advisory committee’s as-
sessments under subsection (b); and 
(2) the advisory committee’s recommendations 
for ways to improve or revise the DOE Vehicle Pro-
gram. 
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(d) APPLICATION
OF FEDERAL ADVISORY COM-
MITTEE ACT.—Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Com-
mittee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the advisory 
committee. 
SEC. 8. MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY COMMERCIAL AND 
TRANSIT VEHICLES PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordination 
with relevant research and development programs carried 
out by other relevant Federal agencies and appropriate in-
dustry stakeholders, including relevant labor organiza-
tions, shall carry out a program of research, development, 
and demonstration activities on advanced energy tech-
nologies for medium- to heavy-duty commercial, voca-
tional, recreational, and transit vehicles, including, to the 
maximum extent practicable, activities in the areas of— 
(1) vehicle engines, which may include— 
(A) engine efficiency, emission controls, 
and combustion research; 
(B) energy and space-efficient emissions 
control systems; 
(C) engine idle and parasitic energy loss 
reduction; 
(D) advanced internal combustion engines; 
and 
(E) engine down speeding; 
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(2) electric drive trains, including— 
(A) durable highly efficient power elec-
tronics and electric machinery research; 
(B) partial load efficiency improvements; 
(C) control and coordination research for 
electric drive systems using multiple electric 
motors; 
(D) regenerative braking to recoup braking 
energy; and 
(E) high fidelity modeling to accelerate de-
sign and adoption of electrified commercial ve-
hicles; 
(3) friction and wear reduction; 
(4) improved aerodynamics and tire rolling re-
sistance; 
(5) advanced lightweighting materials and vehi-
cle designs; 
(6) synthetic fuels from recycled CO2 and other 
net-zero carbon liquid fuels; 
(7) vehicle batteries, including— 
(A) complete vehicle and battery pack 
modeling, simulation, and testing; and 
(B) thermal management of battery sys-
tems; 
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(8) mild hybrid, heavy hybrid, plug-in hybrid, 
and electric platforms, and energy storage tech-
nologies, including— 
(A) identifying and developing solutions for 
technical barriers to advance batteries; 
(B) electric drive systems; and 
(C) charging and refueling systems for me-
dium-duty goods and heavy-duty freight deliv-
ery vehicles; 
(9) vehicle components, including— 
(A) transmission and drivetrain optimiza-
tion, including compact and efficient electric 
drivetrain systems; 
(B) waste heat recovery and conversion; 
(C) electrification of steering systems, 
braking systems, and accessory loads; 
(D) onboard sensing, computing, and com-
munications technologies; and 
(E) advanced battery protection systems 
for safe handling of high voltage power; 
(10) 
relevant 
infrastructure, 
including 
bidirectional capability, beyond megawatt charging, 
and increasing load capacity per vehicle; 
(11) recharging infrastructure and compressed 
natural gas infrastructure; 
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(12) hydrogen vehicle technologies, including— 
(A) fuel cells; 
(B) hydrogen fueling infrastructure; 
(C) the development of medium and heavy- 
duty refueling equipment design and concepts; 
(D) synthetic fuels; 
(E) onboard technologies for compressed 
and other advanced hydrogen storage systems; 
and 
(F) advanced cooling technologies for fuel 
cell thermal management; 
(13) retrofitting advanced energy technologies 
onto existing truck and bus fleets; 
(14) assessment of automated and connected 
vehicle technologies; 
(15) energy use strategies, including charging 
patterns that minimize impacts on the distribution 
grid and optimize the use of clean, low-cost genera-
tion resources; and 
(16) integration of advanced systems onto a 
single truck and trailer platform or bus. 
(b) MEDIUM- AND
HEAVY-DUTY
SYSTEMS
RE-
SEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall award 
financial assistance for the research, development, 
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and demonstration of the integration of multiple ad-
vanced energy technologies and advanced operational 
efficiency for medium- and heavy-duty platforms and 
trailers, including the integration of technologies 
specified in subsection (a). 
(2) APPLICANT.—Applicants applying for as-
sistance under paragraph (1) may be comprised of 
truck and trailer manufacturers, engine and compo-
nent manufacturers, hydrogen fuel cell and compo-
nent manufacturers, public and private fleet owners 
and customers, university researchers, and other ap-
plicants determined by the Secretary. 
SEC. 9. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO STATE, LOCAL, AND 
TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this Act, the Sec-
retary may provide technical assistance to State, local, and 
Tribal governments or to a public-private partnership de-
scribed in subsection (b) to assist with the commercial ap-
plication of alternative fuels and alternative fuels vehicle 
technologies and infrastructure. 
(b) PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP DESCRIBED.—A 
public-private partnership described in this subsection is 
a public-private partnership comprised of State, local, or 
Tribal governments and nongovernmental entities, includ-
ing industry partners. 
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(c) ASSISTANCE.—Technical assistance under this 
section may include— 
(1) coordination in the selection, location, and 
timing of alternative fuel recharging and refueling 
equipment and distribution infrastructure, including 
the identification of transportation corridors and 
specific alternative fuels that may be made available; 
(2) development of communication and other 
relevant protocols that integrate vehicle refueling 
and recharging into electric, hydrogen, biofuels, or 
other alternative fuel distribution systems; 
(3) development of procedures for the installa-
tion of alternative fuel distribution and recharging 
and refueling equipment; 
(4) education and outreach for the commercial 
application of alternative fuels; and 
(5) analysis of nontechnical barriers to integra-
tion of alternative fuel vehicles into electric and nat-
ural gas utility distribution systems. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028. 
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SEC. 10. GRADUATE AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY EDU-
CATION 
CENTERS 
OF 
RESEARCH 
EXCEL-
LENCE (GATE). 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall award grants 
to establish up to seven Graduate Automotive Technology 
Education Centers of Research Excellence (referred to in 
this section as ‘‘Centers’’) at an institution of higher edu-
cation or a consortium thereof, to provide future genera-
tions of engineers and scientists with knowledge and skills 
in advanced automotive energy technologies. 
(b) PURPOSE.—Each Center shall— 
(1) promote the development of skilled engi-
neering professionals who will overcome technical 
barriers and help commercialize the next generation 
of advanced automotive energy technologies; 
(2) support graduate research and establish or 
expand course study and laboratory work; and 
(3) test energy technologies that represent the 
scale of technology development beyond laboratory 
testing, but not yet advanced to testing under oper-
ational conditions at commercial scale. 
(c) CONSIDERATIONS.—In awarding grants for the 
operation of the Centers under this section, the Secretary 
shall ensure that— 
(1) the portfolio of Centers includes a diverse 
representation of geographical regions and resources; 
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(2) each new Center demonstrates unique re-
search capabilities, unique regional benefits, or new 
energy technology development opportunities; and 
(3) applicants are institutions of higher edu-
cation with established expertise in engineering and 
design for advanced automotive energy technologies 
or are involved in partnerships with such institu-
tions. 
(d) REQUIREMENT.—In carrying out subsection (c), 
the Secretary shall ensure that grants for the operation 
of the Centers under this section are awarded to two or 
more entities that represent a Historically Black College 
or University, minority-serving institution, or Tribal Col-
lege or University as the primary awardees or as members 
of a consortium. 
(e) SCHEDULE.—Each grant to operate a Center 
under this section shall be awarded for a term of not more 
than five years, subject to the availability of appropria-
tions. The Secretary may renew such five-year terms only 
once without competition limits, subject to a merit review 
process. 
(f) LIMITATION.—Funds provided through a grant 
under this section may not be used for the construction 
of a physical building or facility to hold a Center unless 
the Secretary determines that such construction is nec-
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essary for reasons of safety or the use of relevant equip-
ment. 
(g) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Director may 
provide technical assistance to institutions of higher edu-
cation receiving a grant under this section or entities seek-
ing such a grant. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$8,300,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028. 
SEC. 11. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION TO ASSESS RE-
SEARCH GAPS IN ALTERNATIVE FUEL DELIV-
ERY, DISTRIBUTION, AND TRANSMISSION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
publish a request for information that shall be used by 
the Secretary to evaluate research, development, and dem-
onstration activities to assess alternative fuel transmission 
and delivery technical barriers. The request shall identify 
research barriers associated to existing electric trans-
mission and distribution systems to the distribution of al-
ternative fuels and the deployment of alternative fuel re-
charging and refueling capability, at economically competi-
tive costs of alternative fuel for consumers, including re-
search to address— 
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(1) electric grid load management and applica-
tions that will allow bidirectional batteries in plug- 
in electric drive vehicles to be used for grid storage, 
ancillary services provision, and backup power; 
(2) integration of plug-in bidirectional electric 
drive vehicles with smart grid technology, including 
necessary equipment, and information technology 
systems; 
(3) technical and economic barriers to delivery 
technologies for hydrogen and biofuels sufficient to 
support widespread consumer use; and 
(4) any other technical barriers to installing 
sufficient and regionally appropriate alternative fuel 
recharging and refueling infrastructure, including 
sufficiency and efficient use of zero-emissions gen-
eration and transmission capabilities. 
(b) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall carry out 
this section in coordination with relevant industry, State, 
local, and Tribal governments, and academic stockholders. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than two years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on En-
ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report sum-
marizing the findings under subsection (a). 
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SEC. 12. ENERGY EFFICIENT MOBILITY SYSTEMS PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation 
with the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall support 
a program of research, development, and demonstration 
of advanced energy efficient mobility solutions that will 
address the potential energy impacts of advanced vehicle 
technologies throughout the transportation sector. Such 
program shall include the development of tools, tech-
niques, processes, and capabilities to understand and iden-
tify essential components to improve the energy produc-
tivity of integrated mobility systems. 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall support activities to— 
(1) improve the energy and mobility impacts of 
emerging and potentially disruptive technologies and 
services; 
(2) assess automated vehicle computing loads 
and capabilities; 
(3) improve onboard sensing and external 
connectivity, including Vehicle-to-Vehicle, Vehicle-to- 
Infrastructure, and Vehicle-to-Everything; 
(4) maximize vehicle energy efficiency for con-
nected vehicles under real-world driving conditions; 
(5) assess methods to use autonomous vehicles 
or connectivity to improve roadway throughput; 
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(6) research advance autonomous refueling and 
charging technologies and infrastructure; 
(7) apply machine learning with high perform-
ance computing resources to large industry datasets 
from providers and cities to develop predictive capa-
bilities for the transportation system; 
(8) optimize systems for mobility, grid and 
buildings to support vehicle electrification and vehi-
cle automation from light duty to heavy duty with 
grid stability, demand response, and reliability; and 
(9) carry out other innovative energy focused 
research and development areas as determined by 
the Secretary. 
SEC. 13. COORDINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the activities 
under this Act, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent 
practicable, coordinate research, development, and dem-
onstration activities among— 
(1) relevant programs of the Department, in-
cluding programs carried out by— 
(A) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy; 
(B) the Office of Science; 
(C) the Office of Electricity; 
(D) the Office of Fossil Energy; 
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(E) the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy 
Security, and Emergency Response; 
(F) the Advanced Research Projects Agen-
cy—Energy; 
(G) the Office of Clean Energy Dem-
onstrations; and 
(H) other offices as determined by the Sec-
retary; and 
(2) relevant technology research and develop-
ment programs of other Federal agencies, includ-
ing— 
(A) the Department of Transportation; 
(B) the National Institute of Standards & 
Technology; 
(C) the National Science Foundation; 
(D) the Department of Defense; and 
(E) other Federal agencies as determined 
by the Secretary. 
(b) INTERGOVERNMENTAL COORDINATION.—In car-
rying out this Act, the Secretary shall seek opportunities 
to leverage resources and support initiatives of Federal, 
State, and local governments in developing advanced vehi-
cle technologies, manufacturing, and infrastructure. 
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SEC. 14. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary for research, development, and demonstration of al-
ternative fuels, vehicle propulsion systems, vehicle compo-
nents, and other related technologies in the United States, 
including activities authorized under this Act— 
(1) for fiscal year 2024, $530,000,000; 
(2) for fiscal year 2025, $556,500,000; 
(3) for fiscal year 2026, $584,325,000; 
(4) for fiscal year 2027, $613,541,250; and 
(5) for fiscal year 2028, $644,218,312. 
Æ 
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