I
103D CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 4250
To authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1995 through 1998 to carry
out the Head Start Act and the Community Services Block Grant Act,
and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
APRIL 19, 1994
Mr. MARTINEZ (for himself, Ms. MOLINARI, Mr. FORD of Michigan, Mr.
GOODLING, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. WILLIAMS, Mr. MILLER of California, and
Mr. CASTLE) introduced the following bill; which was referred jointly to
the Committees on Education and Labor and Energy and Commerce
A BILL
To authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1995 through
1998 to carry out the Head Start Act and the Commu-
nity Services Block Grant Act, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
TITLE I—HEAD START
PROGRAMS
SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE; REFERENCES IN TITLE; TABLE OF
CONTENTS.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the
‘‘Head Start Act Amendments of 1994’’.
(b) REFERENCES.—Except as otherwise specifically
provided, whenever in this title an amendment or repeal
is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or a repeal
of, a section or other provision, the reference shall be con-
sidered to be made to a section or other provision of the
Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.)
(c) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of
this Act is as follows:
TITLE I—HEAD START PROGRAMS
Sec. 101. Short title; references in title; table of contents.
Sec. 102. Definitions.
Sec. 103. Services.
Sec. 104. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 105. Allocation of funds.
Sec. 106. Report.
Sec. 107. Designation.
Sec. 108. Monitoring and quality assurance.
Sec. 109. Enhanced parent involvement and transition coordination with
schools.
Sec. 110. Facilities and administrative requirements.
Sec. 111. Participation.
Sec. 112. Initiative on families with infants and toddlers.
Sec. 113. Appeals, notice, and hearing.
Sec. 114. Goals and priorities for training and technical assistance.
Sec. 115. Staff qualifications and development.
Sec. 116. Research, demonstrations, evaluation.
Sec. 117. Announcements and evaluations.
Sec. 118. Reports.
Sec. 119. Repeals.
Sec. 120. Consultation with the corporation for national and community serv-
ice.
Sec. 121. Study of benefits for Head Start employees.
Sec. 122. State dependent care development programs.
Sec. 123. Reauthorization of Child Development Associate Scholarship Assist-
ance Act of 1985.
Sec. 124. Technical and conforming amendments.
Sec. 125. Effective date; application of amendments.
TITLE II—COMMUNITY SERVICES BLOCK GRANT AMENDMENTS
Sec. 201. Short title and references.
Sec. 202. Authorizations of appropriations.
Sec. 203. Discretionary authority of secretary.
Sec. 204. Community food and nutrition.
Sec. 205. Instructional activities for low-income youth.
Sec. 206. Amendment to Stewart B. Mckinney Homeless Assistance Act.
Sec. 207. Amendments to the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1986.
Sec. 208. Effective date.
TITLE III—LOW-INCOME HOME ENERGY ASSISTANCE
AMENDMENTS
Sec. 301. Short title and references.
Sec. 302. Statement of purpose.
Sec. 303. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 304. Emergency funds.
Sec. 305. Authorized uses of funds.
Sec. 306. Targeting of assistance to households with high home energy bur-
dens.
Sec. 307. Clarification of audit requirement.
Sec. 308. Use of Department of Energy weatherization rules to achieve pro-
gram consistency.
Sec. 309. Matters to be described in annual application.
Sec. 310. Report of funds available for obligation.
Sec. 311. Miscellaneous and technical amendments.
Sec. 312. Sense of the Congress regarding appropriations for LIHEAP.
Sec. 313. Effective date.
TITLE IV—COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS
Sec. 401. Community-based family resource programs.
Sec. 402. Federal Council on Children, Youth, and Families.
Sec. 403. Family Resource Act.
SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS.
Section 637 (42 U.S.C. 9832) is amended—
(1) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5);
(2) by adding after paragraph (11) the follow-
ing:
‘‘(12) The term ‘family literacy services’ means
services and activities that include interactive lit-
eracy activities between parents and their children,
training for parents on techniques for being the pri-
mary teacher of their children and full partners in
the education of their children, parent literacy train-
ing (including training in English as a second lan-
guage), and early childhood education.
‘‘(13) The term ‘Indian tribe’ means any tribe,
band, nation, pueblo, or other organized group or
community of Indians, including any Native village
described in section 3(c) of the Alaska Native
Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602(c)) or estab-
lished pursuant to such Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et
seq.), that is recognized as eligible for the special
programs and services provided by the United States
to Indians because of their status as Indians.’’;
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8),
(9), (10), (11), (12), and (13) as paragraphs (7),
(8), (9), (13), (5), (6), (4), and (10), respectively;
and
(4)(A) by transferring paragraph (4), as so re-
designated, and inserting the paragraph after para-
graph (3);
(B) by transferring paragraphs (5) and (6), as
so redesignated, and inserting the paragraphs after
paragraph (4), as so redesignated;
(C) by transferring paragraph (10), as so redes-
ignated, and inserting the paragraph after para-
graph (9), as so redesignated;
(D) by inserting after paragraph (10), as so re-
designated, the following:
‘‘(11) The term ‘local educational agency’ has
the meaning given such term in the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965.
‘‘(12) The term ‘migrant Head Start program’
means a Head Start program that serves families
who are engaged in agricultural work and who have
changed their residence from one geographical loca-
tion to another in the preceding 2-year period.’’; and
(E) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(14) The term ‘State educational agency’ has
the meaning given such term in the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965.’’.
SEC. 103. SERVICES.
Section 638(a)(1) (42 U.S.C. 9833(a)(1)) is amended
by striking ‘‘health, nutritional, educational, social, and
other services’’ and inserting ‘‘health, education, parental
involvement, nutritional, social, and other services’’.
SEC. 104. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
Section 639 (42 U.S.C. 9834) is amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by striking all that follows
‘‘subchapter’’ and inserting ‘‘such sums as may be
necessary for fiscal years 1995, 1996, 1997, and
1998.’’; and
(2) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and in-
serting the following:
‘‘(b) From the amount appropriated under subsection
(a), the Secretary shall make available—
‘‘(1) $35,000,000 for each of the fiscal years
1995 through 1998 to—
‘‘(A) carry out the Head Start Transition
Project Act; and
‘‘(B) carry out activities authorized under
section 642(d); and
‘‘(2) not more than $2,000,000 for fiscal year
1995, and such sums as may be necessary for each
of the fiscal years 1996 through 1998, to carry out
longitudinal research under section 649(e).’’.
SEC. 105. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.
(a) ALLOCATION AND USE OF FUNDS FOR QUALITY
IMPROVEMENT.—Section 
640(a)(3) 
(42 
U.S.C.
9835(a)(3)) is amended—
(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and
(B) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;
(2) by striking ‘‘(3)(C)’’ and all that follows
through ‘‘quality improvement activities:’’ and in-
serting the following:
‘‘(3)(A)(i) In order to provide assistance for activities
specified in subparagraph (C) directed at the goals speci-
fied in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall reserve, from
the amount (if any) by which the funds appropriated
under section 639(a) for a fiscal year exceed the adjusted
prior year appropriation, a share equal to the sum of—
‘‘(I) 25 percent of such excess amount; and
‘‘(II) any additional amount the Secretary may
find necessary to address a demonstrated need for
such activities.
‘‘(ii) As used in clause (i), the term ‘adjusted prior
year appropriation’ means, with respect to a fiscal year,
the amount appropriated pursuant to section 639(a) for
the preceding fiscal year, adjusted to reflect the percent-
age change in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban
Consumers (issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics)
during such preceding fiscal year.
‘‘(B) Funds reserved under this paragraph (referred
to in this paragraph as ‘quality improvement funds’) shall
be used to accomplish any or all of the following goals:
‘‘(i) Ensuring that Head Start programs meet
or exceed performance standards pursuant to section
641A(a)(1)(A).
‘‘(ii) Ensuring that such programs have ade-
quate qualified staff, and that such staff are fur-
nished adequate training.
‘‘(iii) Ensuring that salary levels and benefits
are adequate to attract and retain qualified staff for
such programs.
‘‘(iv) Using salary increases to improve staff
qualifications, and to assist with the implementation
of career development programs, for the staff of
Head Start programs.
‘‘(v) Improving community-wide strategic plan-
ning and needs assessments for such programs.
‘‘(vi) Ensuring that the physical environments
of Head Start programs are conducive to providing
effective program services to children and families.
‘‘(vii) Making such other improvements in the
quality of such programs as the Secretary may des-
ignate.
‘‘(C) Quality improvement funds shall be used to
carry out any or all of the following activities:’’;
(3) in subparagraph (C), as redesignated in
paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(vii) Such other activities as the Secretary
may designate.’’; and
(4) in subparagraph (D), as redesignated in
paragraph (1)—
(A) in clause (i)—
(i) in the matter preceding subclause
(I), by striking ‘‘for the first, second, and
third fiscal years for which funds are so re-
served’’; and
(ii) in subclause (II), by inserting
‘‘and Indian and migrant Head Start pro-
grams,’’ after ‘‘States,’’;
(B) by striking clauses (ii) and (iii);
(C) in clause (iv)—
(i) by striking ‘‘To be expended’’ and
all that follows, through ‘‘reserved, funds’’
and inserting ‘‘Funds’’;
(ii) by striking ‘‘clause (ii)’’ the first
place it appears and inserting ‘‘clause (i)’’;
(iii) by inserting before the period at
the end of the first sentence, ‘‘, for expend-
iture for activities specified in subpara-
graph (C)’’; and
(iv) by striking the second sentence;
(D) in clause (vi), by striking ‘‘paragraphs
(2), (4), and (5)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph (2)
or (4)’’; and
(E) by striking clause (v) and redesignat-
ing clauses (iv) and (vi) as clauses (ii) and (iii),
respectively.
(b) FUNDS SET-ASIDE.—Section 640(a) (42 U.S.C.
9835(a)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘through (5).’’
and inserting ‘‘through (4), and subject to para-
graphs (5) and (6).’’;
(2) in paragraph (2)—
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking
‘‘1990’’ and inserting ‘‘1994’’; and
(B) in subparagraph (D), by inserting
‘‘(including payments for all costs (other than
compensation of Federal employees) of reviews
of Head Start agencies and programs under
section 641A(c), and of activities related to the
development and implementation of quality im-
provement plans under section 641A(d)(2))’’
after ‘‘Secretary’’;
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘paragraph
(5)’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘paragraph
(4)’’;
(4) by striking paragraph (4), and redesignat-
ing paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs (4) and
(7), respectively;
(5) in paragraph (4), as redesignated in para-
graph (4), by striking ‘‘The’’ and inserting ‘‘Subject
to section 639(b), the’’; and
(6) by adding after paragraph (4), as redesig-
nated in paragraph (4), the following:
‘‘(5)(A) From amounts reserved and allotted pursu-
ant to paragraph (4), the Secretary shall reserve such
sums as may be necessary to award the collaboration
grants described in subparagraph (B).
‘‘(B) From the reserved sums, the Secretary may
award a collaboration grant to each State to facilitate col-
laboration regarding activities carried out in the State
under this subchapter, and other activities carried out in,
and by, the State that are targeted to low-income children
and families.
‘‘(C) A State that receives a grant under subpara-
graph (B) shall—
‘‘(i) appoint an individual to serve as a State li-
aison between—
‘‘(I) agencies and individuals carrying out
Head Start programs in the State;
‘‘(II) the State educational agency and
local educational agencies; and
‘‘(III) other agencies and entities carrying
out programs serving low-income children and
families;
‘‘(ii) involve the State Head Start Association
in the selection of the individual, and involve the as-
sociation in determinations relating to the ongoing
direction of the collaboration;
‘‘(iii) ensure that the individual holds a position
with sufficient authority and access to ensure that
the collaboration described in subparagraph (B) is
effective and involves a range of State agencies; and
‘‘(iv) ensure that the collaboration described in
subparagraph (B) involves coordination of Head
Start services with health care, welfare, child care,
education, libraries, and national service activities,
and activities relating to children with disabilities.
‘‘(D) As used in this paragraph, the term ‘low-in-
come’, used with respect to children or families, shall not
be considered to refer only to children or families that
meet the low-income criteria prescribed pursuant to sec-
tion 645(a)(1)(A).
‘‘(6) From amounts reserved and allotted pursuant
to paragraphs (2) and (4), the Secretary shall use, for
grants for programs described in section 645A(a), a por-
tion of the combined total of such amounts equal to 3 per-
cent for fiscal year 1995, 4 percent for each of fiscal years
1996 and 1997, and 5 percent for fiscal year 1998, of
the amount appropriated pursuant to section 639(a).’’.
(c) CONSIDERATIONS FOR ALLOCATION OF FUNDS
FOR PROGRAM EXPANSION.—Section 640(g) (42 U.S.C.
9835(g)) is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘(g)’’ and inserting ‘‘(g)(1)’’;
and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) For the purpose of expanding Head Start pro-
grams, in allocating funds to an applicant within a State,
from amounts allotted to a State pursuant to subsection
(a)(4), the Secretary shall take into consideration—
‘‘(A) the quality of the applicant’s programs
(including Head Start and other child care or child
development programs) in existence on the date of
the allocation, including, in the case of Head Start
programs in existence on the date of the allocation,
the extent to which such programs meet or exceed
performance standards and other requirements
under this subchapter;
‘‘(B) the applicant’s capacity to expand services
(including, in the case of Head Start programs in
existence on the date of the allocation, whether the
applicant accomplished any prior expansions in an
effective and timely manner);
‘‘(C) the extent to which the applicant has un-
dertaken community-wide strategic planning and
needs assessments involving other community orga-
nizations serving children and families (including or-
ganizations serving families in whose homes English
is not the language customarily spoken) and involv-
ing consultation with the State agency that admin-
isters early childhood development and education
programs;
‘‘(D) the numbers of eligible children in each
community who are not participating in a Head
Start program; and
‘‘(E) the concentration of low-income families in
each community.
‘‘(3) In determining the amount of funds reserved
pursuant to subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2)
to be used for expanding Head Start programs under this
subchapter, the Secretary shall take into consideration, to
the extent appropriate, the factors specified in paragraph
(2).’’.
(d) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.—Section 640(h) (42
U.S.C. 9835(h)) is amended by striking ‘‘Each Head Start
program may’’ and inserting ‘‘Financial assistance pro-
vided under this subchapter may be used by each Head
Start program to’’.
(e) COMPENSATION; REGULATIONS; PRIORITY.—Sec-
tion 640 (42 U.S.C. 9835) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
‘‘(j) Any agency that receives financial assistance
under this subchapter to improve the compensation of
staff who provide services under this subchapter shall use
the financial assistance to improve the compensation of
such staff, regardless of whether the agency has the ability
to improve the compensation of staff employed by the
agency who do not provide Head Start services.
‘‘(k) Regulations issued by the Secretary that require
a certain number of hours of service to be provided to chil-
dren in Head Start programs shall include such flexibility
as will permit Head Start agencies to satisfy such require-
ment through one or more of a variety of techniques, in-
cluding adjustments to the length of a daily session or to
the number of days of service.
‘‘(l) The Secretary shall require by regulation that
migrant Head Start programs give priority to eligible chil-
dren of migrant families whose work requires them to relo-
cate most frequently.’’.
SEC. 106. REPORT.
Section 640A (42 U.S.C. 9835a) is repealed.
SEC. 107. DESIGNATION.
(a) INDIAN RESERVATIONS.—Section 641(b) (42
U.S.C. 9836(b)) is amended by inserting after ‘‘Indian
reservation’’ the following: ‘‘(including Indians in any area
designated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs as a near-res-
ervation area)’’.
(b) DESIGNATION OF AGENCIES.—Section 641(c) (42
U.S.C. 9836(c)) is amended—
(1) by striking paragraphs (2) through (4);
(2) in the first sentence—
(A) by inserting ‘‘(subject to paragraph
(2))’’ before ‘‘, the Secretary shall give prior-
ity’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘unless’’ and all that fol-
lows through the end of subparagraph (A) and
inserting the following: ‘‘unless the Secretary
makes a finding that the agency involved fails
to meet program, financial management, and
other requirements established by the Sec-
retary.’’;
(3) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as para-
graph (2);
(4) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated—
(A) by striking ‘‘except that, if’’ and in-
serting ‘‘If’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘subparagraph (A)’’ and
inserting ‘‘paragraph (1)’’;
(5) by striking ‘‘Notwithstanding any other pro-
vision of this paragraph’’ and inserting the follow-
ing:
‘‘(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of
this subsection’’; and
(6) by aligning the margins of paragraph (2)
with the margins of paragraph (3).
(c) CONSIDERATIONS IN DESIGNATING NEW HEAD
START AGENCIES.—Section 641(d) (42 U.S.C. 9836(d))
is amended—
(1) in the first sentence, by striking all that
precedes ‘‘then the Secretary’’ and inserting ‘‘If no
entity in a community is entitled to the priority
specified in subsection (c),’’;
(2) by striking the second sentence;
(3) in the third sentence—
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1),
by striking ‘‘and subject to the preceding sen-
tence’’; and
(B) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
‘‘(4) the plan of such applicant—
‘‘(A) to seek the involvement of parents of
participating children in activities designed to
help such parents become full partners in the
education of their children;
‘‘(B) to afford such parents the oppor-
tunity to participate in the development, con-
duct, and overall performance of the program
at the local level;
‘‘(C) to offer (directly or through referral
to local entities, such as public and school li-
braries and entities carrying out Even Start
programs under part B of chapter 1 of title I
of the Elementary and Secondary Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2741 et seq.)) to such
parents—
‘‘(i) family literacy services; and
‘‘(ii) parenting skills training;
‘‘(D) at the option of such applicant, to
offer (directly or through referral to local enti-
ties) to such parents—
‘‘(i) parental social self-sufficiency
training;
‘‘(ii) substance abuse counseling; or
‘‘(iii) any other activity designed to
help such parents understand the impor-
tance of their involvement in the education
of their children and to help such parents
become full partners in the education of
their children; and
‘‘(E) to provide, with respect to each par-
ticipating family, a family needs assessment
that includes consultation with such parents
about the benefits of parent involvement and
about the activities described in subparagraphs
(C) and (D) in which such parents may choose
to become involved (taking into consideration
their specific family needs, work schedules, and
other responsibilities);’’;
(4) in paragraph (7)—
(A) by striking ‘‘non-English language
children’’ and inserting ‘‘non-English language
background children and their families’’; and
(B) by inserting ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon;
(5) by striking paragraph (8); and
(6) by redesignating paragraph (9) as para-
graph (8).
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 641 (42
U.S.C. 9836) is amended—
(1) by striking subsection (f); and
(2) by redesignating subsection (g) as sub-
section (f).
SEC. 108. MONITORING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE.
The Act is amended by inserting after section 641
(42 U.S.C. 9836) the following:
‘‘SEC. 641A. QUALITY STANDARDS; MONITORING OF HEAD
START AGENCIES AND PROGRAMS.
‘‘(a) QUALITY STANDARDS.—
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
STANDARDS.—The
Secretary shall establish by regulation standards ap-
plicable to Head Start agencies, programs, and
projects under this subchapter, including—
‘‘(A) performance standards with respect
to services required to be provided, including
health, education, parental involvement, nutri-
tional, social, transition-to-elementary-school,
and other services;
‘‘(B) administrative and financial manage-
ment standards;
‘‘(C) standards relating to the condition
and location of facilities for such agencies, pro-
grams, and projects; and
‘‘(D) such other standards as the Sec-
retary finds to be appropriate.
‘‘(2) MINIMUM
REQUIREMENTS.—The regula-
tions promulgated under this subsection shall estab-
lish the minimum levels of overall accomplishment
that a Head Start agency shall achieve in order to
meet the standards specified in paragraph (1).
‘‘(3) CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPING STAND-
ARDS.—In developing the regulations required under
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—
‘‘(A) consult with experts in the fields of
child development, early childhood education,
family services (including linguistically, cul-
turally, and developmentally appropriate serv-
ices to non-English language background chil-
dren and their families) administration, and fi-
nancial management, and with persons with ex-
perience in the operation of Head Start pro-
grams;
‘‘(B) take into consideration—
‘‘(i) past experience with use of the
standards in effect under this subchapter
on the date of enactment of this section;
‘‘(ii) changes over the period since the
date of enactment of this subchapter in the
circumstances and problems typically fac-
ing children and families served by Head
Start agencies;
‘‘(iii) developments concerning best
practices with respect to child development,
children with disabilities, family services,
program 
administration, 
and 
financial
management;
‘‘(iv) projected needs of expanding
Head Start programs;
‘‘(v) changes in the population of chil-
dren who are eligible to participate in
Head Start programs, including the lan-
guage background and family structure of
such children; and
‘‘(vi) the need for, and state-of-the-art
developments relating to, local policies and
activities designed to ensure that children
participating in Head Start programs
make a successful transition to public
schools; and
‘‘(C)(i) not later than 1 year after the date
of enactment of this section, review and revise
as necessary the performance standards in ef-
fect under 651(b) on the day before the date of
enactment of this section; and
‘‘(ii) ensure that any such revisions in the
performance standards will not result in the
elimination of or any reduction in the scope or
types of health, education, parental involve-
ment, nutritional, social, or other services re-
quired to be provided under such standards as
in effect on November 2, 1978.
‘‘(4) STANDARDS
RELATING
TO
OBLIGATIONS
TO DELEGATE AGENCIES.—In developing standards
under this subsection, the Secretary shall describe
the obligations of a Head Start agency to an agency
(referred to in this subchapter as the ‘delegate agen-
cy’) to which the Head Start agency has delegated
responsibility for providing services under this sub-
chapter and determine whether the Head Start
agency complies with the standards. The Secretary
shall consider such compliance during the review de-
scribed in subsection (c)(1)(A) and in determining
whether to renew financial assistance to the Head
Start agency under this subchapter.
‘‘(b) PERFORMANCE MEASURES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after
the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary,
in consultation with representatives of Head Start
agencies and with experts in the fields of child devel-
opment, family services, and program management,
shall develop methods and procedures for measuring,
annually and over longer periods, the quality and ef-
fectiveness of programs operated by Head Start
agencies (referred to in this subchapter as ‘perform-
ance measures’).
‘‘(2) DESIGN OF MEASURES.—The performance
measures developed under this subsection shall be
designed—
‘‘(A) to assess the various services provided
by Head Start programs and, to the extent the
Secretary finds appropriate, administrative and
financial management practices of such pro-
grams;
‘‘(B) to be adaptable for use in self-assess-
ment and peer review of individual Head Start
agencies and programs; and
‘‘(C) for other program purposes as deter-
mined by the Secretary.
‘‘(3) USE OF MEASURES.—The Secretary shall
use the performance measures developed pursuant to
this subsection—
‘‘(A) to identify strengths and weaknesses
in the operation of Head Start programs na-
tionally and by region; and
‘‘(B) to identify problem areas that may
require additional training and technical assist-
ance resources.
‘‘(c) MONITORING OF LOCAL AGENCIES AND PRO-
GRAMS.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—In order to determine
whether Head Start agencies meet standards estab-
lished under this subchapter with respect to pro-
gram, administrative, financial management, and
other requirements, the Secretary shall conduct the
following reviews of designated Head Start agencies,
and of the Head Start programs operated by such
agencies:
‘‘(A) A full review of each such agency at
least once during each 3-year period.
‘‘(B) A review of each newly designated
agency immediately after the completion of the
first year such agency carries out a Head Start
program.
‘‘(C) Followup reviews including prompt
return visits to agencies and programs that fail
to meet the standards.
‘‘(D) Other reviews as appropriate.
‘‘(2) CONDUCT
OF
REVIEWS.—The Secretary
shall ensure that reviews described in subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of paragraph (1)—
‘‘(A) are performed, to the maximum ex-
tent practicable, by employees of the Depart-
ment of Health and Human Services who are
knowledgeable about Head Start programs and
the diverse needs of eligible children and their
families; and
‘‘(B) are supervised by such an employee
at the site of such Head Start agency.
‘‘(d) CORRECTIVE ACTION; TERMINATION.—
‘‘(1) DETERMINATION.—If the Secretary deter-
mines, on the basis of a review pursuant to sub-
section (c), that a Head Start agency designated
pursuant to section 641 fails to meet the standards
described in subsection (c), the Secretary shall—
‘‘(A) inform the agency of the deficiencies
that shall be corrected;
‘‘(B) with respect to each identified defi-
ciency, require the agency—
‘‘(i) to correct the deficiency imme-
diately; or
‘‘(ii) at the discretion of the Secretary
(taking into consideration the seriousness
of the deficiency and the time reasonably
required to correct the deficiency), to com-
ply with the requirements of paragraph (2)
concerning a quality improvement plan;
and
‘‘(C) initiate proceedings to terminate the
designation of the agency unless the agency cor-
rects the deficiency.
‘‘(2) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN.—
‘‘(A) 
AGENCY
RESPONSIBILITIES.—In
order to retain a designation as a Head Start
agency under this subchapter, a Head Start
agency that is the subject of a determination
described in paragraph (1) (other than an agen-
cy able to correct a deficiency immediately)
shall—
‘‘(i) develop in a timely manner, ob-
tain the approval of the Secretary regard-
ing, and implement a quality improvement
plan that specifies—
‘‘(I) the deficiencies to be cor-
rected;
‘‘(II) the actions to be taken to
correct such deficiencies; and
‘‘(III) the timetable for accom-
plishment of the corrective actions
specified; and
‘‘(ii) eliminate each deficiency identi-
fied, not later than the date for elimination
of such deficiency specified in such plan
(which shall not be later than 1 year after
the date the agency received notice of the
determination and of the specific deficiency
to be corrected).
‘‘(B) SECRETARIAL RESPONSIBILITY.—Not
later than 30 days after receiving from a Head
Start agency a proposed quality improvement
plan pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Sec-
retary shall either approve such proposed plan
or specify the reasons why the proposed plan
cannot be approved.
‘‘(3) TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—
The Secretary shall provide training and technical
assistance to Head Start agencies with respect to
the development or implementation of such quality
improvement plans to the extent the Secretary finds
such provision to be feasible and appropriate given
available funding and other statutory responsibil-
ities.
‘‘(e) SUMMARIES OF MONITORING OUTCOMES.—Not
later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year, the
Secretary shall publish a summary report on the findings
of reviews conducted under subsection (c) and on the out-
comes of quality improvement plans implemented under
subsection (d), during such fiscal year.’’.
SEC. 109. ENHANCED PARENT INVOLVEMENT AND TRANSI-
TION COORDINATION WITH SCHOOLS.
Section 642 (42 U.S.C. 9837) is amended—
(1) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows:
‘‘(b) In order to be so designated, a Head Start agen-
cy shall also—
‘‘(1) establish effective procedures by which
parents and area residents concerned will be enabled
to directly participate in decisions that influence the
character of programs affecting their interests;
‘‘(2) provide for their regular participation in
the implementation of such programs;
‘‘(3) provide technical and other support needed
to enable parents and area residents to secure on
their own behalf available assistance from public and
private sources;
‘‘(4) seek the involvement of parents of partici-
pating children in activities designed to help such
parents become full partners in the education of
their children, and to afford such parents the oppor-
tunity to participate in the development, conduct,
and overall performance of the program at the local
level;
‘‘(5) offer (directly or through referral to local
entities, such as entities carrying out Even Start
programs under part B of chapter 1 of title I of the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
(20 U.S.C. 2741 et seq.)), to parents of participat-
ing children, family literacy services and parenting
skills training;
‘‘(6) at the option of such agency, offer (di-
rectly or through referral to local entities), to such
parents, parental social self-sufficiency training, sub-
stance abuse counseling, or any other activity de-
signed to help such parents become full partners in
the education of their children;
‘‘(7) provide, with respect to each participating
family, a family needs assessment that includes con-
sultation with such parents about the benefits of
parent involvement and about the activities described
in paragraphs (4) through (6) in which such parents
may choose to be involved (taking into consideration
their specific family needs, work schedules, and
other responsibilities);
‘‘(8) establish procedures to seek reimburse-
ment, to the extent feasible, from other agencies for
services for which any such other agency is respon-
sible, which are provided to a Head Start participant
by the Head Start agency;
‘‘(9) consider providing services to assist young-
er siblings of children participating in its Head Start
program to obtain health services from other
sources; and
‘‘(10) perform community outreach to encour-
age individuals previously unaffiliated with Head
Start programs to participate in its Head Start pro-
gram as volunteers.’’;
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘schools that
will subsequently serve children in Head Start pro-
grams,’’; and
(3) by adding after subsection (c) the following:
‘‘(d)(1) Each Head Start agency shall carry out the
actions specified in this subsection, to the extent feasible
and appropriate in the circumstances (including the extent
to which such agency is able to secure the cooperation of
parents and schools) to enable children to maintain the
developmental gains achieved in Head Start programs and
to build upon such gains in further schooling.
‘‘(2) The Head Start agency shall take steps to co-
ordinate with the local educational agency (as defined in
section 1471(12) of the Elementary and Secondary Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2891(12)) serving the com-
munity involved and with schools in which children partici-
pating in a Head Start program operated by such agency
will enroll following such program, including—
‘‘(A) developing and implementing a systematic
procedure for transferring, with parental consent,
Head Start program records for each participating
child to the school in which such child will enroll;
‘‘(B) establishing channels of communication
between Head Start staff and their counterparts in
the schools (including teachers, social workers, and
health staff) to facilitate coordination of programs;
‘‘(C) conducting meetings involving parents,
kindergarten or elementary school teachers, and
Head Start program teachers to discuss the devel-
opmental and other needs of individual children;
‘‘(D) organizing and participating in joint tran-
sition-related training of school staff, Head Start
staff, and parents;
‘‘(E) providing transportation and using facili-
ties; and
‘‘(F) on the request of the local educational
agency, providing noneducational services to such
children.
‘‘(3) In order to promote the continued involvement
of parents of children who participate in Head Start pro-
grams in the education of their children upon transition
to school, the Head Start agency shall—
‘‘(A) provide training to such parents—
‘‘(i) to inform such parents about their
rights and responsibilities concerning the edu-
cation of their children; and
‘‘(ii) to enable such parents to understand
and work with schools in order to communicate
with teachers and other school personnel, to
support the school work of their children, and
to participate as appropriate in decisions relat-
ing to the education of their children; and
‘‘(B) take other actions, as appropriate and fea-
sible, to support the active involvement of such par-
ents with schools, school personnel, school-related or-
ganizations, and public libraries.
‘‘(4) The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary
of Education, shall—
‘‘(A) evaluate the effectiveness of the projects
and activities funded under the Head Start Transi-
tion Project Act (42 U.S.C. 9855 et seq.);
‘‘(B) disseminate to Head Start agencies infor-
mation (including information from the evaluation
required by subparagraph (A)) on effective policies
and activities relating to the transition of children
from Head Start programs to public schools; and
‘‘(C) provide technical assistance to such agen-
cies to promote and assist such agencies to adopt
and implement such effective policies and activi-
ties.’’.
SEC. 110. FACILITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIRE-
MENTS.
Section 644 (42 U.S.C. 9839) is amended—
(1) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘guidelines,
instructions,’’;
(2) in subsection (f)—
(A) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking
‘‘640(a)(3)(A)(v)’’ 
and 
inserting
‘‘640(a)(3)(C)(v)’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(3) Upon a determination by the Secretary that
suitable facilities are not otherwise available to Indian
tribes to carry out Head Start programs, and that the lack
of suitable facilities will inhibit the operation of such pro-
grams, the Secretary, in the discretion of the Secretary,
may authorize the use of financial assistance, from the
amount reserved under section 640(a)(2)(A), to make pay-
ments for the purchase of facilities owned by such tribes.
The amount of such a payment for such a facility shall
not exceed the fair market value of the facility.’’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(g) In all personnel actions of the American Indian
Programs Branch of the Head Start Bureau of the Ad-
ministration for Children and Families, the Secretary shall
give the same preference to individuals who are members
of an Indian tribe as the Secretary gives to a preference
eligible, as described in section 2108(3)(C) of title 5 of
the United States Code. The Secretary shall take such ad-
ditional actions as may be necessary to promote recruit-
ment of such individuals for employment in the Adminis-
tration.’’.
SEC. 111. PARTICIPATION.
Section 645 (42 U.S.C. 9840) is amended by adding
at the end the following:
‘‘(d)(1) An Indian tribe that—
‘‘(A) operates a Head Start program;
‘‘(B) enrolls as participants in the program all
children in the community served by the tribe (in-
cluding a community with a near-reservation des-
ignation, as defined by the Bureau of Indian Af-
fairs) from families that meet the low-income cri-
teria prescribed under subsection (a)(1)(A); and
‘‘(C) has the resources to enroll additional chil-
dren in the community who do not meet the low-in-
come criteria;
may enroll such additional children in a Head Start pro-
gram, in accordance with this subsection, if the program
predominantly serves children who meet the low-income
criteria.
‘‘(2) The Indian tribe shall enroll the children in the
Head Start program in accordance with such requirements
as the Secretary may specify by regulation promulgated
after consultation with Indian tribes.
‘‘(3) In providing services through a Head Start pro-
gram to such children, the Indian tribe may not use funds
that the Secretary has determined, in accordance with sec-
tion 640(g)(3), are to be used for expanding Head Start
programs under this subchapter.’’.
SEC. 112. INITIATIVE ON FAMILIES WITH INFANTS AND
TODDLERS.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Act is amended by add-
ing after section 645 (42 U.S.C. 9840) the following:
‘‘SEC. 645A. PROGRAMS FOR FAMILIES WITH INFANTS AND
TODDLERS.
‘‘(a) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall make
grants, in accordance with this section for—
‘‘(1) programs providing family-centered serv-
ices for low-income families with very young children
designed to promote the development of the children,
and to enable their parents to fulfill their roles as
parents and to move toward self-sufficiency; and
‘‘(2) provision of training and technical assist-
ance to entities carrying out programs, and evalua-
tion of programs, that were supported under the
Comprehensive Child Development Act (42 U.S.C.
9881 et seq.), as in effect on the day before the date
of enactment of this section.
‘‘(b) SCOPE AND DESIGN OF PROGRAMS.—In carry-
ing out a program described in subsection (a), an entity
receiving assistance under this section shall—
‘‘(1) provide, either directly or through referral,
early, continuous, intensive, and comprehensive child
development and family support services that will
enhance the physical, social, emotional, and intellec-
tual development of participating children;
‘‘(2) ensure that the level of services provided
to families responds to their needs and cir-
cumstances;
‘‘(3) promote positive parent-child interactions;
‘‘(4) provide services to parents to support their
role as parents and to help the families move toward
self-sufficiency (including educational and employ-
ment services as appropriate);
‘‘(5) coordinate services with services provided
by programs in the State and programs in the com-
munity to ensure a comprehensive array of services
(such as health and mental health services);
‘‘(6) ensure formal linkages with local Head
Start programs in order to provide for continuity of
services for children and families;
‘‘(7) in the case of a Head Start agency that
operates a program and that also provides Head
Start services through the age of mandatory school
attendance, ensure that children and families partici-
pating in the program receive such services through
such age; and
‘‘(8) meet such other requirements concerning
design and operation of the program described in
subsection (a) as the Secretary may establish.
‘‘(c) PERSONS ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE.—Persons
who may participate in programs described in subsection
(a)(1) include—
‘‘(1) pregnant women; and
‘‘(2) families with children under age 3 (or
under age 5, in the case of children served by an en-
tity specified in subsection (e)(3));
who meet the income criteria specified for families in sec-
tion 645(a)(1).
‘‘(d) ELIGIBLE SERVICE PROVIDERS.—To be eligible
to receive assistance under this section, an entity shall
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in
such manner, and containing such information as the Sec-
retary may require. Entities that may apply to carry out
activities under this section include—
‘‘(1) entities operating Head Start programs
under this subchapter;
‘‘(2) entities that, on the day before the date of
enactment of this section, were operating—
‘‘(A) Parent-Child Centers receiving finan-
cial assistance under section 640(a)(4), as in ef-
fect on such date; or
‘‘(B) programs receiving financial assist-
ance under the Comprehensive Child Develop-
ment Act, as in effect on such date; and
‘‘(3) other public entities, and nonprofit private
entities, capable of providing child and family serv-
ices that meet the standards for participation in pro-
grams under this subchapter and meet such other
appropriate requirements relating to the activities
under this section as the Secretary may establish.
‘‘(e) TIME-LIMITED PRIORITY FOR CERTAIN ENTI-
TIES.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—From amounts allotted
pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (4) of section
640(a), the Secretary shall provide financial assist-
ance in accordance with paragraphs (2) through (4).
‘‘(2) PARENT-CHILD CENTERS.—The Secretary
shall make financial assistance available under this
section for each of fiscal years 1995, 1996, and
1997 to any entity that—
‘‘(A) complies with subsection (b); and
‘‘(B) received funding as a Parent-Child
Center pursuant to section 640(a)(4), as in ef-
fect on the day before the date of enactment of
this section, for fiscal year 1994.
‘‘(3) COMPREHENSIVE
CHILD
DEVELOPMENT
CENTERS.—
‘‘(A) In the case of an entity that received
a grant for fiscal year 1994 to operate a project
under the Comprehensive Child Development
Act, the Secretary—
‘‘(i) shall make financial assistance
available under this section, in a com-
parable amount and scope to the assistance
provided for fiscal year 1994, for the dura-
tion of the project period specified in the
grant award to such entity under such Act;
and
‘‘(ii) shall permit such entity, in car-
rying out activities assisted under this sec-
tion, to serve children from birth through
age 5.
‘‘(B) In the case of an entity that received
a grant for fiscal year 1989 to operate a project
under the Comprehensive Child Development
Act, the Secretary shall make assistance avail-
able under this section for each of fiscal years
1995, 1996, and 1997 to any entity that com-
plies with subsection (b).
‘‘(4) EVALUATIONS, TRAINING, AND TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary shall make financial
assistance available under this section as necessary
to provide for the evaluation of, and furnishing of
training and technical assistance to, programs speci-
fied in paragraph (3)(A).
‘‘(f) SELECTION OF OTHER GRANT RECIPIENTS.—
From the balance remaining of the portion specified in
section 640(a)(6), after making grants to the eligible enti-
ties specified in subsection (e), the Secretary shall award
grants under this subsection on a competitive basis to ap-
plicants meeting the criteria specified in subsection (d)
(giving priority to entities with a record of providing early,
continuous, and comprehensive childhood development and
family services).
‘‘(g) DISTRIBUTION.—In awarding grants to eligible
applicants under this section, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(1) ensure an equitable national geographic
distribution of the grants; and
‘‘(2) award grants to applicants proposing to
serve communities in rural areas and to applicants
proposing to serve communities in urban areas.
‘‘(h) SECRETARIAL RESPONSIBILITIES.—
‘‘(1) GUIDELINES.—Not later than September
30, 1994, the Secretary shall develop program
guidelines concerning the content and operation of
programs assisted under this section—
‘‘(A) in consultation with experts in early
childhood development, experts in health, and
experts in family services; and
‘‘(B) taking into consideration the knowl-
edge and experience gained from other early
childhood programs, including programs under
the Comprehensive Child Development Act, and
from migrant Head Start programs that serve
a large number of infants and toddlers.
‘‘(2) STANDARDS.—Not later than December
30, 1994, the Secretary shall develop and publish
performance standards for programs assisted under
this section, and a grant announcement based on the
guidelines developed under paragraph (1).
‘‘(3) MONITORING, TRAINING, TECHNICAL AS-
SISTANCE, AND EVALUATION.—In order to ensure
the successful operation of programs assisted under
this section, the Secretary shall use funds from the
balance described in subsection (f) to monitor the
operation of such programs, evaluate their effective-
ness, and provide training and technical assistance
tailored to the particular needs of such programs.’’.
(b) CONSOLIDATION.—In recognition that the Com-
prehensive Child Development Centers Act has dem-
onstrated positive results, and that its purposes and func-
tions have been consolidated into section 645A of the
Head Start Act, the Comprehensive Child Development
Centers Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 9801 note) and the Com-
prehensive Child Development Act (42 U.S.C. 9881 et
seq.) are repealed.
SEC. 113. APPEALS, NOTICE, AND HEARING.
(a) MEDIATION AND HEARING FOR DISPUTES WITH
DELEGATE
AGENCIES.—Section 646(a) (42 U.S.C.
9841(a)) is amended—
(1) at the end of paragraph (2), by striking
‘‘and’’;
(2) at the end of paragraph (3), by striking the
period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(4) the Secretary shall develop and publish
procedures (including mediation procedures) to be
used in order to—
‘‘(A) resolve in a timely manner conflicts
potentially leading to adverse action between—
‘‘(i) recipients of financial assistance
under this subchapter; and
‘‘(ii) delegate agencies or Head Start
Parent Policy Councils; and
‘‘(B) avoid the need for an administrative
hearing.’’.
(b) TERMINATION OF DESIGNATION NOT STAYED
PENDING APPEAL.—Section 646 (42 U.S.C. 9841) is
amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the fol-
lowing:
‘‘(b) In prescribing procedures for the mediation de-
scribed in subsection (a)(4), the Secretary shall specify—
‘‘(1) the date by which a Head Start agency en-
gaged in a conflict described in subsection (a)(4) will
notify the appropriate regional office of the Depart-
ment of the conflict;
‘‘(2) a reasonable period for the mediation;
‘‘(3) a timeline for an administrative hearing, if
necessary, to resolve the conflict; and
‘‘(4) a timeline by which the person conducting
the administrative hearing shall issue a decision
based on the hearing.
‘‘(c) In any case in which a termination, reduction,
or suspension of financial assistance under this subchapter
is upheld in an administrative hearing under this section,
such termination, reduction, or suspension shall not be
stayed pending any judicial appeal of such administrative
decision.
‘‘(d)(1) The Secretary shall by regulation specify a
process by which an Indian tribe may identify and estab-
lish an alternative agency, and request that the alternative
agency be designated under section 641 as the Head Start
agency providing services to the tribe, if—
‘‘(A) the Secretary terminates financial assist-
ance under section 646 to the only agency that was
receiving financial assistance to provide Head Start
services to the Indian tribe; and
‘‘(B) the tribe would otherwise be precluded
from providing such services to the members of the
tribe.
‘‘(2) The regulation required by this subsection shall
prohibit such designation of an alternative agency that in-
cludes an employee who—
‘‘(A) served on the administrative staff or pro-
gram staff of the agency described in paragraph
(1)(A); and
‘‘(B) was responsible for a deficiency that—
‘‘(i) relates to the performance standards
or financial management standards described in
section 641A(a)(1); and
‘‘(ii) was the basis for the termination of
financial assistance described in paragraph
(1)(A);
as determined by the Secretary after providing the
notice and opportunity described in subsection
(a)(3).’’.
SEC. 114. GOALS AND PRIORITIES FOR TRAINING AND
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
Section 648 (42 U.S.C. 9843) is amended—
(1) in the section heading to read as follows:
‘‘TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING’’;
(2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ‘‘Head
Start programs, including’’ and inserting ‘‘Head
Start programs, in accordance with the process, and
the provisions for allocating resources, set forth in
subsections (b) and (c). The Secretary shall provide,
either directly or through grants or other arrange-
ments,’’;
(3)(A) by redesignating the final sentence of
subsection (a), as amended by paragraph (2), as
subsection (e);
(B) by transferring such subsection to the end
of the section; and
(C) by indenting such subsection and aligning
the margins of such subsection with the margins of
subsection (d);
(4) by striking subsections (b) and (c);
(5) by inserting after subsection (a) the follow-
ing:
‘‘(b) The process for determining the technical assist-
ance and training activities to be carried out under this
section shall—
‘‘(1) ensure that the needs of local Head Start
agencies and programs relating to improving pro-
gram quality and to program expansion are ad-
dressed to the maximum extent feasible; and
‘‘(2) incorporate mechanisms to ensure respon-
siveness to local needs, including an ongoing proce-
dure for obtaining input from the individuals and
agencies carrying out Head Start programs.
‘‘(c) In allocating resources for technical assistance
and training under this section, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(1) give priority consideration to activities to
correct program and management deficiencies identi-
fied through reviews pursuant to section 641A(c)
(including the provision of assistance to local pro-
grams in the development of quality improvement
plans under section 641A(d)(2));
‘‘(2) address the training and career develop-
ment needs of classroom staff (including instruction
for providing services to children with disabilities)
and nonclassroom staff, including home visitors and
other staff working directly with families, including
training relating to increasing parent involvement
and services designed to increase family literacy and
improve parenting skills;
‘‘(3) assist Head Start agencies and programs
in conducting and participating in communitywide
strategic planning and needs assessment;
‘‘(4) assist Head Start agencies and programs
in the development of sound management practices,
including financial management procedures; and
‘‘(5) assist in efforts to secure and maintain
adequate facilities for Head Start programs.’’; and
(6) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the
following:
‘‘Special consideration shall be given to entities that have
demonstrated effectiveness in educational programming
for preschool children that includes components for paren-
tal involvement, care provider training, and developmen-
tally appropriate related activities.’’.
SEC. 115. STAFF QUALIFICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT.
The Head Start Act is amended by inserting after
section 648 (42 U.S.C. 9843) the following:
‘‘SEC. 648A. STAFF QUALIFICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT.
‘‘(a) CLASSROOM TEACHERS.—
‘‘(1) DEGREE REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary
shall ensure that not later than September 30, 1996,
each Head Start classroom in a center-based pro-
gram is assigned one teacher who has—
‘‘(A) a child development associate (CDA)
credential that is appropriate to the age of the
children being served in center-based programs;
‘‘(B) a State-awarded certificate for pre-
school teachers that meets or exceeds the re-
quirements for a child development associate
credential;
‘‘(C) an associate, a baccalaureate, or an
advanced degree in early childhood education;
or
‘‘(D) a degree in a field related to early
childhood education with experience in teaching
preschool children and a State-awarded certifi-
cate to teach in a preschool program.
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—On request, the Secretary shall
grant a 180-day waiver of the requirements of para-
graph (1) with respect to an individual who—
‘‘(A) is first employed after September 30,
1996, by a Head Start agency as a teacher for
a Head Start classroom;
‘‘(B) is enrolled in a program that grants
any credential, certificate, or degree specified in
subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) of para-
graph (1); and
‘‘(C) will receive such credential under the
terms of such program not later than 180 days
after beginning employment as a teacher with
such agency.
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—The Secretary may not
grant more than one such waiver with respect to
such individual.
‘‘(b) MENTOR TEACHERS.—
‘‘(1) DEFINITION; FUNCTION.—For purposes of
this subsection, the term ‘mentor teacher’ means an
individual responsible for observing and assessing
the classroom activities of a Head Start program
and providing on-the-job guidance and training to
the Head Start program staff and volunteers, in
order to improve the qualifications and training of
classroom staff, to maintain high quality education
services, and to promote career development, in
Head Start programs.
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENT.—In order to assist Head
Start agencies in establishing positions for mentor
teachers, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(A) provide technical assistance and
training to enable Head Start agencies to estab-
lish such positions;
‘‘(B) give priority consideration, in provid-
ing assistance pursuant to subparagraph (A), to
Head Start programs that have substantial
numbers of new classroom staff, that are expe-
riencing difficulty in meeting applicable edu-
cation standards, or that lack staff able to com-
municate in the languages of participating chil-
dren and their families;
‘‘(C) encourage Head Start programs to
give priority consideration for such positions to
Head Start teachers at the appropriate level of
career advancement in such programs; and
‘‘(D) promote the development of model
curricula, designed to ensure the attainment of
appropriate competencies by individuals work-
ing, or planning to work, in the field of early
childhood development and family services.
‘‘(c) FAMILY SERVICE WORKERS.—In order to im-
prove the quality and effectiveness of staff providing in-
home and other services (including needs assessment, de-
velopment of service plans, family advocacy, and coordina-
tion of service delivery) to families of children participat-
ing in Head Start programs, the Secretary, in coordina-
tion with concerned public and private agencies and orga-
nizations examining the issues of standards and training
for family service workers, shall—
‘‘(1) review and, as necessary, revise or develop
new qualification standards for Head Start staff
providing such services;
‘‘(2) promote the development of model curric-
ula (on subjects including parenting training and
family literacy) designed to ensure the attainment of
appropriate competencies by individuals working or
planning to work in the field of early childhood and
family services; and
‘‘(3) promote the establishment of a credential
that indicates attainment of the competencies and
that is accepted nationwide.
‘‘(d) HEAD START FELLOWSHIPS.—
‘‘(1) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary may establish
a program of fellowships, to be known as ‘Head
Start Fellowships’, in accordance with this sub-
section. The Secretary may award the fellowships to
individuals, to be known as ‘Head Start Fellows’,
who are staff in local Head Start programs or other
individuals working in the field of child development
and family services.
‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The fellowship program estab-
lished under this subsection shall be designed to en-
hance the ability of Head Start Fellows to make sig-
nificant contributions to programs authorized under
this subchapter, by providing opportunities to ex-
pand their knowledge and experience through expo-
sure to activities, issues, resources, and new ap-
proaches, in the field of child development and fam-
ily services.
‘‘(3) ASSIGNMENTS OF FELLOWS.—
‘‘(A) PLACEMENT SITES.—Fellowship posi-
tions under the fellowship program may be lo-
cated (subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C))—
‘‘(i) in agencies of the Department of
Health and Human Services administering
programs authorized under this subchapter
(in national or regional offices of such
agencies);
‘‘(ii) in local Head Start agencies and
programs;
‘‘(iii) in institutions of higher edu-
cation;
‘‘(iv) in public or private entities and
organizations concerned with services to
children and families; and
‘‘(v) in other appropriate settings.
‘‘(B) LIMITATION
FOR
FELLOWS
OTHER
THAN
HEAD
START
EMPLOYEES.—A Head
Start Fellow who is not an employee of a local
Head Start agency or program may be placed
only in a fellowship position located in an agen-
cy or program specified in clause (i) or (ii) of
subparagraph (A).
‘‘(C) NO PLACEMENT IN LOBBYING ORGA-
NIZATIONS.—Head Start Fellowship positions
may not be located in any agency whose pri-
mary purpose, or one of whose major purposes,
is to influence Federal, State, or local legisla-
tion.
‘‘(4) SELECTION
OF
FELLOWS.—Head Start
Fellowships shall be awarded on a competitive basis
to individuals (other than Federal employees) se-
lected from among applicants who are working, on
the date of application, in local Head Start pro-
grams or otherwise working in the field of child de-
velopment and children and family services.
‘‘(5) DURATION.—Head Start Fellowships shall
be for terms of 1 year, and may be renewed for a
term of 1 additional year.
‘‘(6) 
AUTHORIZED
EXPENDITURES.—From
amounts appropriated under this subchapter and al-
lotted under section 640(a)(2)(D), the Secretary is
authorized to make expenditures of not to exceed
$1,000,000 for any fiscal year, for stipends and
other reasonable expenses of the fellowship program.
‘‘(7) STATUS OF FELLOWS.—Except as other-
wise provided in this paragraph, Head Start Fellows
shall not be considered to be employees or otherwise
in the service or employment of the Federal Govern-
ment. Head Start Fellows shall be considered to be
employees for purposes of compensation for injuries
under chapter 81 of title 5, United States Code.
Head Start Fellows assigned to positions located in
agencies specified in paragraph (3)(A)(i) shall be
considered employees in the executive branch of the
Federal Government for the purposes of chapter 11
of title 18, United States Code, and for purposes of
any administrative standards of conduct applicable
to the employees of the agency to which they are as-
signed.
‘‘(8) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary shall pro-
mulgate regulations to carry out this subsection.
‘‘(e) MODEL STAFFING PLANS.—Not later than 1
year after the date of enactment of this subsection, the
Secretary, in consultation with appropriate public agen-
cies, private agencies, and organizations and with individ-
uals with expertise in the field of children and family serv-
ices (including services to non-English language back-
ground children and their families), shall develop model
staffing plans to provide guidance to local Head Start
agencies and programs on the numbers, types, responsibil-
ities, and qualifications of staff required to operate a Head
Start program.’’.
SEC. 116. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATIONS, EVALUATION.
Section 649 (42 U.S.C. 9844) is amended to read as
follows:
‘‘SEC. 649. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATIONS, AND EVALUA-
TION.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT; GENERAL
PURPOSES.—
The Secretary shall carry out a continuing program
of research, demonstration, and evaluation activities,
in order to—
‘‘(A) foster continuous improvement in the
quality of the Head Start programs under this
subchapter and in their effectiveness in ena-
bling participating children and their families to
succeed in school and otherwise; and
‘‘(B) use the Head Start programs to de-
velop, test, and disseminate new ideas and ap-
proaches for addressing the needs of low-income
preschool children (including children with dis-
abilities) and their families and communities,
and otherwise to further the purposes of this
subchapter.
‘‘(2) PLAN.—The Secretary shall develop, and
periodically update, a plan governing the research,
demonstration, and evaluation activities under this
section.
this subsection shall be carried out on the campus
of an institution of higher education (as defined in
section 1201(a) of the Higher Education Act) and
shall include—
‘‘(A) access to the facilities and resources
of such an institution;
‘‘(B) an initial medical examination and
follow-up referral or treatment, without charge,
for youth during their participation in such ac-
tivity;
‘‘(C) at least one nutritious meal daily,
without charge, for participating youth during
each day of participation;
‘‘(D) high quality instruction in a variety
of sports (that shall include swimming and that
may include dance and any other high quality
recreational activity) provided by coaches and
teachers from institutions of higher education
and from elementary and secondary schools (as
defined in sections 1471(8) and 1471(21) of the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of
1965); and
‘‘(E) enrichment instruction and informa-
tion on matters relating to the well-being of
youth, to include educational opportunities and