SEC. 2. PURPOSES; RESTATEMENT DOES NOT CHANGE 
MEANING OR EFFECT OF EXISTING LAW. 
(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act are— 
(1) to make revisions in title 51, United States 
Code, as necessary to keep the title current; and 
(2) to make technical amendments to improve 
the United States Code. 
(b) RESTATEMENT DOES NOT CHANGE MEANING OR 
EFFECT OF EXISTING LAW.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The restatement of existing 
law enacted by this Act does not change the mean-
ing or effect of the existing law. The restatement in-
corporates in title 51, United States Code, various 
provisions that were enacted separately over a period 
of years, reorganizing them, conforming style and 
terminology, modernizing obsolete language, and cor-
recting drafting errors. These changes serve to re-
move ambiguities, contradictions, and other imper-
fections, but they do not change the meaning or ef-
fect of the existing law or impair the precedential 
value of earlier judicial decisions or other interpreta-
tions. 
(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the 
plain meaning rule or other rules of statutory 
construction, a change in wording made in the 
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restatement of existing law enacted by this Act 
serves to clarify the existing law as indicated in 
paragraph (1), but not to change the meaning 
or effect of the existing law. 
(B) REVISION NOTES.—Subparagraph (A) 
applies whether or not a change in wording is 
explained by a revision note appearing in a con-
gressional report accompanying this Act. If 
such a revision note does appear, a court shall 
consider the revision note in interpreting the 
change. 
SEC. 3. REVISION OF TITLE 51, UNITED STATES CODE. 
(a) REVISION OF TITLE TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The 
title table of contents of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking the item relating to chapter 301 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘301. Funding ......................................................................................... 30101’’; 
(2) by striking the item relating to chapter 315 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘315. Facilities and Infrastructure ......................................................... 31501
‘‘317 Through 397 ...................................................................................
Reserved
‘‘399. Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 39901’’; 
(3) by striking the item relating to chapter 409 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘409. Aeronautics and Space Technology ............................................... 40901
‘‘411 Through 497 ...................................................................................
Reserved
‘‘499. Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 49901’’; 
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(4) by striking the items relating to chapters 
513 and 515 and inserting the following: 
‘‘513. Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization ............. 51301
‘‘515. Office of Spaceports ....................................................................... 51501
‘‘517. Development and Use of Commercial Cargo and Crew Transpor-
tation Capabilities ......................................................... 51701’’; 
(5) by striking the item relating to chapter 701 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘701. Use of Space Launch System or Alternatives ...............................
70101’’; and 
(6) by inserting after the item relating to chap-
ter 713 the following: 
‘‘715. Human Space Flight and Exploration .......................................... 71501
‘‘717. Advancing Human Space Exploration ........................................... 71701’’. 
(b) REVISION OF SECTION 20144.— 
(1) AMENDMENTS.—Section 20144 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘The Ad-
ministration may carry out a program to award 
prizes only in conformity with this section.’’; 
and 
(B) in subsection (i)(4), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1)(A) is effective on January 4, 2011. 
(c) REVISION OF SECTION 20145.—Section 20145 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating subsections (f) through (h) 
as subsections (g) through (i), respectively; 
(2) by inserting after subsection (e) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(f) PROCEEDS.—Proceeds from leases entered into 
under this section shall be deposited in the Administration 
Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restora-
tion appropriations account. The proceeds shall be avail-
able for a period of 5 years, to the extent and in amounts 
provided in appropriations acts.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (h) (as redesignated by para-
graph (1)), in the matter before paragraph (1), by 
striking ‘‘the date of the enactment of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
Act of 2022,’’ and inserting ‘‘August 9, 2022,’’. 
(d) REVISION OF SECTION 20303.—Section 20303 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘(42 U.S.C. 
16611(d))’’ and inserting ‘‘(Public Law 109–155, 
119 Stat. 2900)’’; 
(2) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub-
section (e); and 
(3) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘(d) EVALUATION
AND
EXPANSION
OF
INTER-
AGENCY CONTRIBUTION.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
evaluate and, to the extent possible— 
‘‘(A) expand efforts to maximize the Ad-
ministration’s contribution to interagency ef-
forts to enhance science, technology, engineer-
ing, and mathematics education capabilities; 
and 
‘‘(B) enhance the Nation’s technological 
excellence and global competitiveness. 
‘‘(2) IDENTIFICATION IN REPORT.—The Admin-
istrator shall identify the expanded efforts and en-
hancements made under paragraph (1) in the annual 
reports required by subsection (e).’’. 
(e) REVISION OF CHAPTER 301.— 
(1) CHAPTER HEADING.—The chapter heading 
of chapter 301 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended 
by 
striking 
‘‘APPROPRIATIONS, 
BUDGETS, AND ACCOUNTING’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘FUNDING’’. 
(2) CHAPTER TABLE OF CONTENTS.— 
(A) CONTENTS.—The chapter table of con-
tents of chapter 301 of title 51, United States 
Code is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
‘‘Sec. 
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‘‘30101. Prior authorization of appropriations required. 
‘‘30102. Working capital fund. 
‘‘30103. Baselines and cost controls. 
‘‘30104. Reports on estimated costs for certain programs. 
‘‘30105. Annual report on program cost and control. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER II—BUDGET PROVISIONS 
‘‘30121. General budget documentation requirements. 
‘‘30122. Consideration of decadal surveys. 
‘‘30123. Two-year budget request with third-year estimate.’’. 
(B) TYPEFACE.—The chapter table of con-
tents of chapter 301 of title 51, United States 
Code, as amended by subparagraph (A), is 
amended so that the typeface of the subchapter 
headings and the typeface of the subchapter 
items conform to those appearing in other chap-
ter table of contents of title 51. 
(3) REDESIGNATION OF EXISTING SECTIONS.— 
Chapter 301 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended as follows: 
(A) Section 30103 (Budgets) is redesig-
nated as section 30121, and transferred to ap-
pear after section 30104 (Baselines and cost 
controls). 
(B) Section 30104 (Baselines and cost 
controls) is redesignated as section 30103. 
(4) DESIGNATION OF SUBCHAPTERS.—Chapter 
301 of title 51, United States Code, is amended 
by— 
(A) inserting a subchapter heading (in 
typeface styled like other subchapter headings 
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graph (3)(B) and amended by paragraph (5)) the 
following: 
‘‘§ 30104. Reports on estimated costs for certain pro-
grams 
‘‘For each program under the jurisdiction of the Ad-
ministration for which development costs are expected to 
exceed $200,000,000, the Administrator shall submit to 
Congress, at the time of submission of the President’s an-
nual budget— 
‘‘(1) a 5-year budget detailing the estimated de-
velopment costs of the program; and 
‘‘(2) an estimate of the life-cycle costs associ-
ated with the program. 
‘‘§ 30105. Annual report on program cost and control 
‘‘(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than April 30 of 
each year, the Administrator shall submit to the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives a report on the 
implementation during the preceding year of the corrective 
action plan referred to in section 1203(a)(4) of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Authoriza-
tion Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–267, 124 Stat. 2842). 
‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—A report under this section shall 
contain the following: 
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‘‘(1) DESCRIPTION OF OVER-BUDGET OR DE-
LAYED PROGRAMS.—For the year covered by the re-
port, a description of each Administration program 
that has exceeded its cost baseline by 15 percent or 
more or is more than 2 years behind its projected 
development schedule. 
‘‘(2) CORRECTIVE PLANS.—For each program 
described under paragraph (1), a plan for a decrease 
in scope or requirements, or other measures, to be 
undertaken to control cost and schedule, including 
any cost monitoring or corrective actions undertaken 
pursuant to the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 
109–155, 119 Stat. 2895), and the amendments 
made by that Act.’’. 
(7) REVISION
OF
SECTION
30121.—Section 
30121 of title 51, United States Code (as redesig-
nated and transferred by paragraph (3)(A)), is 
amended— 
(A) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘Budgets’’ and inserting ‘‘General budget 
documentation requirements’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b) (matter before para-
graph (1)), by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
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and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(8) ENACTMENT
OF
SECTIONS
30122
AND 
30123.—Chapter 301 of title 51, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 30122. Consideration of decadal surveys 
‘‘The Administration shall take into account the cur-
rent decadal surveys from the National Academies’ Space 
Studies Board when submitting the President’s budget re-
quest to Congress. 
‘‘§ 30123. Two-year budget request with third-year 
estimateEach fiscal year, the President 
shall submit to Congress a budget re-
quest for the Administration that in-
cludes— 
‘‘(1) a budget request for the immediate fiscal 
year and the following fiscal year; and 
‘‘(2) budget estimates for the third fiscal 
year.’’. 
(f) REVISION OF SECTION 30310.—Section 30310 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Sec-
tion 526(a) of the Energy Independence and Security Act 
of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17142(a))’’ and inserting ‘‘Section 
526 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 
(42 U.S.C. 17142)’’. 
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(g) ENACTMENT OF SECTION 30311.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 303 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘30311. Counterfeit parts.’’. 
(2) ENACTMENT OF SECTION.—Chapter 303 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 30311. Counterfeit parts 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall plan, 
develop, and implement a program, in coordination with 
other Federal agencies, to detect, track, catalog, and re-
duce the number of counterfeit electronic parts in the Ad-
ministration supply chain. 
‘‘(b) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the program, 
the Administrator shall establish— 
‘‘(1) counterfeit part identification training for 
all employees who procure, process, distribute, and 
install electronic parts that will— 
‘‘(A) teach employees how to identify coun-
terfeit parts; 
‘‘(B) educate employees on procedures to 
follow if they suspect a part is counterfeit; 
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‘‘(C) regularly update employees on new 
threats, identification techniques, and reporting 
requirements; and 
‘‘(D) integrate industry associations, man-
ufacturers, suppliers, and other Federal agen-
cies, as appropriate; 
‘‘(2) an internal database to track all suspected 
and confirmed counterfeit electronic parts that will 
maintain, at a minimum— 
‘‘(A) companies and individuals known and 
suspected of selling counterfeit parts; 
‘‘(B) parts known and suspected of being 
counterfeit, including lot and date codes, part 
numbers, and part images; 
‘‘(C) countries of origin; 
‘‘(D) sources of reporting; 
‘‘(E) United States Customs seizures; and 
‘‘(F) Government-Industry Data Exchange 
Program reports and other public- or private- 
sector database notifications; and 
‘‘(3) a mechanism— 
‘‘(A) to report all information on suspected 
and confirmed counterfeit electronic parts to 
law enforcement agency databases, industry as-
sociation databases, and other databases; and 
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‘‘(B) to issue bulletins to industry on coun-
terfeit electronic parts and related counterfeit 
activity. 
‘‘(c) REVIEW OF PROCUREMENT AND ACQUISITION 
POLICY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—In establishing the pro-
gram, the Administrator shall amend acquisition and 
procurement policy in effect on October 11, 2010, to 
require the purchase of electronic parts from trusted 
or approved manufacturers. To determine trusted or 
approved manufacturers, the Administrator shall es-
tablish a list, assessed and adjusted at least annu-
ally, and create criteria for manufacturers to meet 
in order to be placed on the list. 
‘‘(2) CRITERIA.—The criteria may include— 
‘‘(A) authentication or encryption codes; 
‘‘(B) embedded security markings in parts; 
‘‘(C) unique, hard-to-copy labels and mark-
ings; 
‘‘(D) identification of distinct lot and serial 
codes on external packaging; 
‘‘(E) radio frequency identification embed-
ded into high-value parts; 
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‘‘(F) physical destruction of all defective, 
damaged, and sub-standard parts that are by- 
products of the manufacturing process; 
‘‘(G) testing certifications; 
‘‘(H) maintenance of procedures for han-
dling any counterfeit parts that slip through; 
‘‘(I) maintenance of secure facilities to pre-
vent unauthorized access to proprietary infor-
mation; and 
‘‘(J) maintenance of product return, buy 
back, and inventory control practices that limit 
counterfeiting.’’. 
(h) ENACTMENT OF SECTIONS 30505 AND 30506.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 305 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘30505. Information security. 
‘‘30506. Workforce development for minority and underrepresented groups.’’. 
(2) ENACTMENT OF SECTIONS.—Chapter 305 
of title 51, United States Code, is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 30505. Information security 
‘‘(a) DEFINITION
OF INFORMATION INFRASTRUC-
TURE.—In this section, the term ‘information infrastruc-
ture’ means the underlying framework that information 
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systems and assets rely on to process, transmit, receive, 
or store information electronically, including program-
mable electronic devices and communications networks 
and any associated hardware, software, or data. 
‘‘(b) MONITORING RISK.— 
‘‘(1) BIENNIAL UPDATE ON SYSTEM IMPLEMEN-
TATION.—On a biennial basis, the Chief Information 
Officer of the Administration, in coordination with 
other national security agencies, shall provide to the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives— 
‘‘(A) an update on efforts to implement a 
system to provide dynamic, comprehensive, real- 
time information regarding risk of unauthorized 
remote, proximity, and insider use or access, for 
all information infrastructure under the respon-
sibility of the Chief Information Officer, and 
mission-related networks, including contractor 
networks; 
‘‘(B) an assessment of whether the system 
has demonstrably and quantifiably reduced net-
work risk compared with alternative methods of 
measuring security; and 
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‘‘(C) an assessment of the progress that 
each center and facility has made toward imple-
menting the system. 
‘‘(2) EXISTING
ASSESSMENTS.—The assess-
ments required of the Inspector General under sec-
tion 3555 of title 44 shall evaluate the effectiveness 
of the system described in this subsection. 
‘‘(c) INFORMATION SECURITY AWARENESS AND EDU-
CATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—In consultation with the 
Department of Education, other national security 
agencies, and other agency directorates, the Chief 
Information Officer shall institute an information se-
curity awareness and education program for all op-
erators and users of Administration information in-
frastructure, with the goal of reducing unauthorized 
remote, proximity, and insider use or access. 
‘‘(2) PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(A) BRIEFINGS, EXERCISES, AND EXAMI-
NATIONS.—The program shall include, at a 
minimum, ongoing classified and unclassified 
threat-based briefings, and automated exercises 
and examinations that simulate common attack 
techniques. 
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‘‘(B) PARTICIPATION.—All agency employ-
ees and contractors engaged in the operation or 
use of agency information infrastructure shall 
participate in the program. 
‘‘(C) ACCESS.—Access to Administration 
information infrastructure shall be granted only 
to operators and users who regularly satisfy the 
requirements of the program. 
‘‘(D) REWARDING
ACHIEVEMENT.—The 
Chief Human Capital Officer of the Administra-
tion, in consultation with the Chief Information 
Officer, shall create a system to reward opera-
tors and users of agency information infrastruc-
ture for continuous high achievement in the 
program. 
‘‘§ 30506. Workforce development for minority and 
underrepresented groups 
‘‘(a) ADDRESSING IMPEDIMENTS.—To the extent 
practicable, the Administrator shall take all necessary 
steps to address any impediments identified in the assess-
ment described in subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) ASSESSMENT.—The assessment referred to in 
subsection (a) is the independent assessment of impedi-
ments to space science and engineering workforce develop-
ment for minority and underrepresented groups at the Ad-
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ministration that was prepared under section 203(a) of 
the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 
(Public Law 111–358, 124 Stat. 3994).’’. 
(i) REVISION OF SECTION 30704.—Section 30704(2) 
of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘the Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. 10a et seq.)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘chapter 83 of title 41’’. 
(j) ENACTMENT OF SECTION 30705.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 307 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘30705. Limitation on international agreements concerning outer space activi-
ties.’’. 
(2) ENACTMENT OF SECTION.—Chapter 307 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 30705. Limitation on international agreements con-
cerning outer space activities 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) 
CONGRESSIONAL
DEFENSE
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘congressional defense committees’ 
means— 
‘‘(A) the Committee on Armed Services 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; and 
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‘‘(B) the Committee on Armed Services 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
‘‘(2) 
COVERED
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘covered congressional committees’ 
means— 
‘‘(A) the Committee on Armed Services, 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; 
and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Armed Services, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives. 
‘‘(b) CERTIFICATION.—If the United States becomes 
a signatory to a non-legally binding international agree-
ment concerning an International Code of Conduct for 
Outer Space Activities or any similar agreement, at the 
same time as the United States becomes a signatory— 
‘‘(1) the President shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees, the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Rep-
resentatives, and the Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the Senate a certification that the agree-
ment has no legally binding effect or basis for lim-
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iting the activities of the United States in outer 
space; and 
‘‘(2) the Secretary of Defense, the Chairman of 
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence shall jointly submit to the con-
gressional defense committees a certification that 
the agreement is equitable, enhances national secu-
rity, and has no militarily significant impact on the 
ability of the United States to conduct military or 
intelligence activities in space. 
‘‘(c) BRIEFINGS AND NOTIFICATIONS REQUIRED.— 
‘‘(1) RESTATEMENT OF POLICY FORMULATION 
UNDER THE ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT ACT 
WITH RESPECT TO OUTER SPACE.—No action shall 
be taken that would obligate the United States to re-
duce or limit the Armed Forces or armaments of the 
United States in outer space in a militarily signifi-
cant manner, except pursuant to the treaty-making 
power of the President under Article II, Section 2, 
Clause II of the Constitution or unless authorized by 
the enactment of further affirmative legislation by 
Congress. 
‘‘(2) BRIEFINGS.— 
‘‘(A) REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of 
Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Direc-
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tor of National Intelligence shall jointly provide 
to the covered congressional committees reg-
ular, detailed updates on the negotiation of a 
non-legally binding international agreement 
concerning an International Code of Conduct 
for Outer Space Activities or any similar agree-
ment. 
‘‘(B) TERMINATION OF REQUIREMENT.— 
The requirement to provide regular briefings 
under subparagraph (A) shall terminate on the 
date on which the United States becomes a sig-
natory to an agreement referred to in subpara-
graph (A), or on the date on which the Presi-
dent certifies to Congress that the United 
States is no longer negotiating an agreement 
referred to in subparagraph (A), whichever is 
earlier. 
‘‘(3) NOTIFICATIONS.—If the United States be-
comes a signatory to a non-legally binding inter-
national agreement concerning an International 
Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities or any 
similar agreement, not less than 60 days prior to 
any action that would obligate the United States to 
reduce or limit the Armed Forces, armaments, or ac-
tivities of the United States in outer space, the head 
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of each department or agency of the Federal Gov-
ernment that would be affected by the action shall 
submit to Congress a notice of the action and its ef-
fect on the department or agency.’’. 
(k) REDESIGNATION OF CHAPTER 315 AS CHAPTER 
399.— 
(1) RESERVED
CHAPTERS.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 
31302 the following: 
‘‘CHAPTERS 317 THROUGH 397—RE-
SERVED’’. 
(2) REDESIGNATION
OF
CHAPTER.—Title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by redesignating 
chapter 315 as chapter 399. 
(3) REDESIGNATION
OF
SECTIONS.—Chapter 
399 of title 51, United States Code (as redesignated 
by paragraph (2)), is amended— 
(A) in the chapter table of contents, by re-
designating the items for sections 31501 
through 31505 as items for sections 39901 
through 39905, respectively; and 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
sections 
31501 
through 31505 as sections 39901 through 
39905, respectively. 
(l) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER 315.— 
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(1) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER.— 
(A) CONTENT.—Title 51, United States 
Code, as amended by subsection (k), is amend-
ed by inserting after chapter 313 (and before 
‘‘CHAPTERS 
317 
THROUGH 
397–RE-
SERVED’’ as inserted by subsection (k)(1)) the 
following: 
‘‘Chapter 315—FACILITIES AND 
INFRASTRUCTURE 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘31501. Policy and plan. 
‘‘31502. Maintenance and upgrade of center facilities. 
‘‘§ 31501. Policy and plan 
‘‘(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the Administration maintain reliable and efficient fa-
cilities and infrastructure and that decisions on whether 
to dispose of, maintain, or modernize existing facilities or 
infrastructure be made in the context of meeting future 
Administration needs. 
‘‘(b) PLAN.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
develop a facilities and infrastructure plan. 
‘‘(2) GOAL.—The goal of the plan is to position 
the Administration to have the facilities and infra-
structure, including laboratories, tools, and ap-
proaches, necessary to meet future Administration 
and other Federal agencies’ laboratory needs. 
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‘‘(3) CONTENTS.—The plan shall identify— 
‘‘(A) current Administration and other 
Federal agency laboratory needs; 
‘‘(B) future Administration research and 
development and testing needs; 
‘‘(C) a strategy for identifying facilities 
and infrastructure that are candidates for dis-
posal, which strategy is consistent with the na-
tional strategic direction set forth in— 
‘‘(i) the National Space Policy; 
‘‘(ii) the National Aeronautics Re-
search, Development, Test, and Evaluation 
Infrastructure Plan; 
‘‘(iii) the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 
2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 
2895), the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2008 
(Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 4779), 
and the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
(Public Law 111–267, 124 Stat. 2805); 
and 
‘‘(iv) the human exploration roadmap 
under section 71721 of this title; 
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‘‘(D) a strategy for the maintenance, re-
pair, upgrading, and modernization of Adminis-
tration facilities and infrastructure, including 
laboratories and equipment; 
‘‘(E) criteria for— 
‘‘(i) prioritizing deferred maintenance 
tasks; 
‘‘(ii) maintaining, repairing, upgrad-
ing, or modernizing Administration facili-
ties and infrastructure; and 
‘‘(iii) implementing processes, plans, 
and policies for guiding the Administra-
tion’s centers on whether to maintain, re-
pair, upgrade, or modernize a facility or 
infrastructure and for determining the type 
of instrument to be used; 
‘‘(F) an assessment of modifications need-
ed to maximize usage of facilities that offer 
unique and highly specialized benefits to the 
aerospace industry and the American public; 
and 
‘‘(G) implementation steps, including a 
timeline, milestones, and an estimate of re-
sources required for carrying out the plan. 
‘‘(c) REQUIREMENT TO ESTABLISH POLICY.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after March 21, 2017, the Administrator shall estab-
lish and make publicly available a policy that guides 
the Administration’s use of existing authorities to 
out-grant, lease, excess to the General Services Ad-
ministration, sell, decommission, demolish, or other-
wise transfer property, facilities, or infrastructure. 
‘‘(2) CRITERIA.—The policy shall include cri-
teria for the use of authorities, best practices, stand-
ardized procedures, and guidelines for how to appro-
priately manage property, facilities, and infrastruc-
ture. 
‘‘(d) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 1 
year after March 21, 2017, the Administrator shall submit 
to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives the plan 
developed under subsection (b).’’. 
(B) TYPEFACE.—The chapter heading of 
chapter 315 of title 51, United States Code, as 
inserted by subparagraph (A), is amended so 
that the typeface of that chapter heading con-
forms to the typeface of other chapter headings 
in title 51, United States Code. 
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(2) REDESIGNATION OF SECTION 39902 AS SEC-
TION 31502.— 
(A) REDESIGNATION
AND
TRANSFER.— 
Section 39902 of title 51, United States Code, 
as redesignated by subsection (k)(3)(B), is re-
designated as section 31502 of title 51, United 
States Code, and transferred to appear after 
section 31501 of title 51, United States Code, 
as inserted by paragraph (1). 
(B) AMENDMENT OF SECTION 31502.—Sec-
tion 31502 of title 51, United States Code, as 
redesignated and transferred by subparagraph 
(A), is amended— 
(i) 
in 
the 
heading, 
by 
striking 
‘‘Maintenance of facilities’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Maintenance and upgrade 
of center facilities’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘healthy Centers’’ and 
inserting ‘‘healthy centers’’; and 
(iii) by striking ‘‘Center facilities’’ and 
inserting ‘‘center facilities’’. 
(C) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO CHAP-
TER
399.—Chapter 399 of title 51, United 
States Code, as redesignated and amended by 
subsections (k) and (l)(2)(A), is amended— 
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(i) in the chapter table of contents— 
(I) by striking the item relating 
to section 39902; and 
(II) by redesignating the items 
relating to sections 39903, 39904, 
and 39905 as items relating to sec-
tions 39902, 39903, and 39904, re-
spectively; and 
(ii) by redesignating sections 39903, 
39904, and 39905 as sections 39902, 
39903, and 39904, respectively. 
(m) REVISION OF SECTION 39901.—Section 39901 
of title 51, United States Code (as redesignated by sub-
section (k)(3)), is amended— 
(1) by redesignating the existing text as sub-
section (a) and inserting the subsection heading 
‘‘TECHNOLOGIES TO DECREASE RISK.—’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) INTERNATIONAL DISCUSSION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall, in 
consultation with such other departments and agen-
cies of the Federal Government as the Administrator 
considers appropriate, continue and strengthen dis-
cussions with the representatives of other space- 
faring countries, within the Inter-Agency Space De-
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bris Coordination Committee and elsewhere, to deal 
with orbital debris mitigation. 
‘‘(2) INTERAGENCY EFFORT.—For purposes of 
carrying out this subsection, the Director of the Of-
fice of Science and Technology Policy, in coordina-
tion with the Director of the National Security 
Council and using the President’s Council of Advi-
sors on Science and Technology coordinating mecha-
nism, shall develop an overall strategy for review by 
the President, with recommendations for proposed 
international collaborative efforts to address the 
challenge of orbital debris mitigation.’’. 
(n) REDESIGNATION OF CHAPTER 409 AS CHAPTER 
499.— 
(1) RESERVED
CHAPTERS.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 
40704 the following: 
‘‘CHAPTERS 411 THROUGH 497—RE-
SERVED’’. 
(2) REDESIGNATION
OF
CHAPTER.—Title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by redesignating 
chapter 409 as chapter 499. 
(3) REDESIGNATION
OF
SECTIONS.—Chapter 
499 of title 51, United States Code (as redesignated 
by paragraph (2)), is amended— 
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(A) in the chapter table of contents, by re-
designating the items for sections 40901 
through 40909 as items for sections 49901 
through 49909, respectively; and 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
sections 
40901 
through 40909 as sections 49901 through 
49909, respectively. 
(o) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER 409.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 407 
(and before ‘‘CHAPTERS 411 THROUGH 497—RE-
SERVED’’ as inserted by subsection (n)(1)) the following: 
‘‘Chapter 409—AERONAUTICS 
AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘40901. Aeronautics research goals. 
‘‘40902. Research collaboration. 
‘‘40903. Goal for Administration space technology. 
‘‘40904. National space technology policy. 
‘‘40905. Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program. 
‘‘§ 40901. Aeronautics research goals 
‘‘The Administrator should ensure that the Adminis-
tration maintains a strong aeronautics research portfolio 
ranging from fundamental research through systems re-
search with specific research goals, including the following: 
‘‘(1) AIRSPACE
CAPACITY.—The Administra-
tion’s Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate 
shall address research needs of the Next Generation 
Air Transportation System, including the ability of 
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the National Airspace System to handle up to 3 
times the current travel demand by 2025. 
‘‘(2) ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY.—The 
Directorate shall— 
‘‘(A) consider and pursue concepts to re-
duce noise, emissions, and fuel consumption 
while maintaining high safety standards; and 
‘‘(B) pursue research relating to alter-
native fuels. 
‘‘(3) AVIATION SAFETY.—The Directorate shall 
proactively address safety challenges with new and 
current air vehicles and with operations in the Na-
tion’s current and future air transportation system. 
‘‘§ 40902. Research collaboration 
‘‘(a) DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE.—The Adminis-
trator shall continue to coordinate with the Secretary of 
Defense, through the National Partnership for Aero-
nautics Testing, to develop and implement joint plans for 
those elements of the Nation’s research, development, test-
ing, and engineering infrastructure that are of common 
interest and use. 
‘‘(b) FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.—The 
Administrator shall continue to coordinate with, and work 
closely with, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration, under the framework of the Senior Policy 
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Council, in the development of the Next Generation Air 
Transportation Program. The Administrator shall encour-
age the Council to explore areas for greater collaboration, 
including areas in which the Administration can help to 
accelerate the development and demonstration of NextGen 
technologies. 
‘‘§ 40903. Goal for Administration space technology 
‘‘Building on its Innovative Partnerships Program 
and other partnering approaches, it is critical that the Ad-
ministration maintain an Administration space technology 
base that helps align mission directorate investments and 
supports long term needs— 
‘‘(1) to complement mission-directorate funded 
research; and 
‘‘(2) where appropriate, to support multiple 
users. 
‘‘§ 40904. National space technology policy 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The President, in consultation 
with appropriate Federal agencies, shall develop a national 
policy to guide the space technology development pro-
grams of the United States through 2020. The policy shall 
include national goals for technology development and 
shall describe the role and responsibilities of each Federal 
agency that will carry out the policy. In developing the 
policy, the President shall utilize external studies that 
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have been conducted on the state of United States tech-
nology development and have suggested policies to ensure 
continued competitiveness. 
‘‘(b) CONTENT.—At a minimum, the national space 
technology development policy shall describe for the Ad-
ministration— 
‘‘(1) the priority areas of research for tech-
nology investment; 
‘‘(2) the basis on which and the process by 
which priorities for ensuing fiscal years will be se-
lected; 
‘‘(3) the facilities and personnel needed to carry 
out the technology development program; and 
‘‘(4) the budget assumptions on which the pol-
icy is based, which for fiscal years 2011, 2012, and 
2013 shall be the authorized level for the Adminis-
tration’s technology program authorized by the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–267, 124 
Stat. 2805). 
‘‘(c) POLICY PREMISE.—The policy shall be based on 
the premise that the Federal Government has an estab-
lished interest in conducting research and development 
programs that help preserve the role of the United States 
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as a global leader in space technologies and their applica-
tion. 
‘‘(d) CONSIDERATIONS.—In developing the national 
space technology development policy, the President shall 
consider the following issues: 
‘‘(1) LONG TERM AND INCREMENTAL DEVELOP-
MENT.—The extent to which the Administration 
should focus on long term, high-risk research or 
more incremental technology development, and the 
expected impact of that decision on the United 
States economy. 
‘‘(2) MILITARY AND COMMERCIAL NEEDS.—The 
extent to which the Administration should address 
military and commercial needs. 
‘‘(3) COORDINATION
WITH
FEDERAL
AGEN-
CIES.—How the Administration will coordinate its 
technology program with other Federal agencies. 
‘‘(4) ADMINISTRATION, UNIVERSITY, AND
IN-
DUSTRY RESEARCH.—The extent to which the Ad-
ministration will conduct research in-house, fund 
university research, and collaborate on industry re-
search and the expected impact of that mix of fund-
ing on the supply of United States workers for in-
dustry. 
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‘‘(e) CONSULTATION.—In the development of the na-
tional space technology development policy, the President 
shall consult widely with academic and industry experts 
and with Federal agencies. The Administrator may enter 
into an arrangement with the National Academy of 
Sciences to help develop the policy. 
‘‘§ 40905. Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research 
Program 
‘‘(a) FINDING THAT SUBORBITAL SCIENCE MISSIONS 
ARE CRITICAL.—The report entitled Revitalizing NASA’s 
Suborbital Program: Advancing Science, Driving Innova-
tion, and Developing a Workforce (prepared by the Com-
mittee on NASA’s Suborbital Research Capabilities, Space 
Studies Board, Division on Engineering and Physical 
Sciences, National Research Council of the National Acad-
emies) found that suborbital science missions are abso-
lutely critical to building an aerospace workforce capable 
of meeting the needs of current and future human and 
robotic space exploration. 
‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall es-
tablish a Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Pro-
gram within the Space Technology Program. 
‘‘(c) MANAGEMENT.—The Administrator shall des-
ignate an officer or employee of the Space Technology 
Program to act as the responsible official for the Commer-
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cial Reusable Suborbital Research Program. The designee 
shall be responsible for the development of short- and 
long-term strategic plans for maintaining, renewing, and 
extending suborbital facilities and capabilities. 
‘‘(d) ACTIVITIES.—The Commercial Reusable Sub-
orbital Research Program— 
‘‘(1) shall fund the development of payloads for 
scientific research, technology development, and edu-
cation; 
‘‘(2) shall provide flight opportunities to micro-
gravity environments and suborbital altitudes for the 
payloads referred to in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(3) may fund engineering and integration 
demonstrations, proofs of concept, or educational ex-
periments for commercial reusable vehicle flights; 
and 
‘‘(4) shall endeavor to work with the Adminis-
tration’s mission directorates to help achieve the Ad-
ministration’s research, technology, and education 
goals. 
‘‘(e) REPORT.—The Administrator shall annually 
submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives a report describing progress in carrying out 
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the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research program, 
including the number and type of suborbital missions 
planned in each fiscal year.’’. 
(p) ENACTMENT
OF SECTIONS 49910 THROUGH 
49912.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 499 of title 51, 
United States Code (as redesignated and amended 
by subsection (n)), is amended by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘49910. Programs to support STEM education. 
‘‘49911. Supporting women’s involvement in the fields of aerospace and space 
exploration. 
‘‘49912. Internship and fellowship opportunities.’’. 
(2) ENACTMENT OF SECTIONS.—Chapter 499 
of title 51, United States Code (as redesignated and 
amended by subsection (n)), is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 49910. Programs to support STEM education 
‘‘(a) DEFINITION OF STEM.—In this section, the 
term ‘STEM’ means the academic and professional dis-
ciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathe-
matics. 
‘‘(b) EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM GOALS.—The Admin-
istration shall develop and maintain educational programs 
to— 
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‘‘(1) carry out and support research-based pro-
grams and activities designed to increase student in-
terest and participation in STEM, including stu-
dents from minority and underrepresented groups; 
‘‘(2) improve public literacy in STEM; 
‘‘(3) employ proven strategies and methods for 
improving student learning and teaching in STEM; 
‘‘(4) provide curriculum support materials and 
other resources that— 
‘‘(A) are designed to be integrated with 
comprehensive STEM education; 
‘‘(B) are aligned with national science edu-
cation standards; and 
‘‘(C) promote the adoption and implemen-
tation of high-quality education practices that 
build toward college and career-readiness; and 
‘‘(5) create and support opportunities for en-
hanced and ongoing professional development for 
teachers using best practices that improve the 
STEM content and knowledge of the teachers, in-
cluding through programs linking STEM teachers 
with STEM educators at the higher education level. 
‘‘(c) CYBERSECURITY IN STEM PROGRAMS.—In car-
rying out any STEM education program of the Adminis-
tration, including a program of the Office of STEM En-
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gagement, the Administrator shall, to the maximum extent 
practicable, encourage the inclusion of cybersecurity edu-
cation opportunities in the program. 
‘‘§ 49911. Supporting women’s involvement in the 
fields of aerospace and space exploration 
‘‘The Administrator shall encourage women and girls 
to study science, technology, engineering, and mathe-
matics, pursue careers in aerospace, and further advance 
the Nation’s space science and exploration efforts through 
support of the following initiatives: 
‘‘(1) NASA GIRLS and NASA BOYS. 
‘‘(2) Aspire to Inspire. 
‘‘(3) Summer Institute in Science, Technology, 
Engineering, and Research. 
‘‘§ 49912. Internship and fellowship opportunities 
‘‘Not later than October 1, 2018, the Administrator 
shall institute a process to encourage the recruitment of 
qualified candidates who are women or individuals who are 
underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engi-
neering, and mathematics (STEM) and computer science 
for internships and fellowships at the Administration with 
relevance to the aerospace sector and related fields.’’. 
(q) REVISION OF SECTION 50905.—Section 50905 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
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(1) in the 2d sentence of subsection (a)(1), by 
striking ‘‘subsection (b)(2)(D)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub-
section (b)(2)(E)’’; 
(2) in the 3d sentence of subsection (a)(1), by 
striking ‘‘subsection (b)(2)(D)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub-
section (b)(2)(E)’’; 
(3) in the last sentence of subsection (a)(1), by 
striking ‘‘Committee on Science’’ and inserting 
‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Technology’’; 
(4) in subsection (b)(4)(B), by striking ‘‘the 
date of enactment of the Commercial Space Launch 
Amendments Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘December 
23, 2004’’; 
(5) in subsection (b)(6)(A), by striking ‘‘the 
date of enactment of the Commercial Space Launch 
Amendments Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘December 
23, 2004’’; and 
(6) in subsection (b)(6)(B), by striking ‘‘the 
date of enactment of the Commercial Space Launch 
Amendments Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘December 
23, 2004’’. 
(r) REVISION OF SECTION 50922.—Section 50922 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
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(1) in subsection (a) (matter before paragraph 
(1)), by striking ‘‘the date of the enactment of this 
section,’’ and inserting ‘‘October 28, 1998,’’; 
(2) in subsection (b) (matter before paragraph 
(1)), by striking ‘‘the date of the enactment of this 
section,’’ and inserting ‘‘October 28, 1998,’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)(1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘the date of enactment of 
the Commercial Space Launch Amendments 
Act of 2004,’’ and inserting ‘‘December 23, 
2004,’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘that Act,’’ and inserting 
‘‘the Commercial Space Launch Amendments 
Act of 2004,’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘such date of enactment,’’ 
and inserting ‘‘December 23, 2004,’’; 
(4) in subsection (c)(2)(A)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘the date of enactment of 
the Commercial Space Launch Amendments 
Act of 2004,’’ and inserting ‘‘December 23, 
2004,’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘the Congress.’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Congress.’’; 
(5) in subsection (d)(2)— 
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(B) in the heading for subsection (a), as 
redesignated, by striking ‘‘DEFINITION’’ and in-
serting ‘‘DEFINITION OF SPACEPORT’’; 
(C) in subsection (a), as redesignated, by 
inserting a comma after ‘‘In this section’’; 
(D) in subsection (b), as redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘the date of enactment of this section,’’ 
and inserting ‘‘October 5, 2018,’’; and 
(E) in subsection (d), as redesignated— 
(i) by striking ‘‘functions assigned in 
subsection (b),’’ and inserting ‘‘functions 
assigned in subsection (c),’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘host’’ from the end of 
the matter before paragraph (1) and in-
serting ‘‘host’’ at the beginning of para-
graph (1). 
(t) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER 517.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 515 
the following: 
‘‘Chapter 
517—DEVELOPMENT 
AND USE OF COMMERCIAL 
CARGO AND CREW TRANS-
PORTATION CAPABILITIES 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘51701. Commercial development of cargo transportation capabilities. 
‘‘51702. Commercial development of crew transportation capabilities. 
‘‘51703. Commercial Crew Program. 
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‘‘51704. Policy regarding fair and open competition for space transportation 
services. 
‘‘51705. Transparency. 
‘‘§ 51701. Commercial development of cargo transpor-
tation capabilities 
‘‘The Administrator shall continue to support the ex-
isting Commercial Resupply Services program, aimed at 
enabling the commercial space industry in support of the 
Administration to develop reliable means of launching 
cargo and supplies to the International Space Station 
throughout the duration of the facility’s operation. The 
Administrator may apply funds toward the reduction of 
risk to the timely start of the services, specifically— 
‘‘(1) efforts to conduct a flight test; 
‘‘(2) the acceleration of development; and 
‘‘(3) the development of the ground infrastruc-
ture needed for commercial cargo capability. 
‘‘§ 51702. Commercial development of crew transpor-
tation capabilities 
‘‘For the duration of the commercial crew develop-
ment program, the Administrator may support follow-on 
commercially developed crew transportation systems de-
pendent on the completion of each of the following: 
‘‘(1) HUMAN
RATING
REQUIREMENTS.—The 
Administrator shall develop and make available to 
the public detailed human rating processes and re-
quirements to guide the design of commercially de-
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veloped crew transportation capabilities, which re-
quirements shall be at least equivalent to proven re-
quirements for crew transportation in use as of Oc-
tober 11, 2010. 
‘‘(2) PROCUREMENT SYSTEM REVIEW.— 
‘‘(A) REVIEW
OF
CURRENT
PRACTICES 
AND PROCESSES.—The Administrator shall re-
view current Government procurement and ac-
quisition practices and processes, including 
agreement authorities under chapter 201 of this 
title, to determine the most cost-effective means 
of procuring commercial crew transportation ca-
pabilities and related services in a manner that 
ensures 
appropriate 
accountability, 
trans-
parency, and maximum efficiency in the pro-
curement of the capabilities and services. The 
review shall include identification of proposed 
measures to address— 
‘‘(i) risk management and means of 
indemnification of commercial providers of 
the capabilities and services; 
‘‘(ii) quality control; 
‘‘(iii) safety oversight; and 
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‘‘(iv) the application of Federal over-
sight processes within the jurisdiction of 
other Federal agencies. 
‘‘(B) REVIEW
OF
PROPOSED
PROCURE-
MENT.—A description of the proposed procure-
ment process and justification of the proposed 
procurement for its selection shall be included 
in any proposed initiation of procurement activ-
ity for commercially developed crew transpor-
tation capabilities and services and shall be sub-
ject to review by the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives before 
the initiation of any competitive process to pro-
cure the capabilities or services. In support of 
the review by the committees, the Comptroller 
General shall undertake an assessment of the 
proposed procurement process and provide a re-
port to the committees not later than 90 days 
after the date on which the Administrator pro-
vides the description and justification to the 
committees. 
‘‘(3) USE
OF
GOVERNMENT-SUPPLIED
CAPA-
BILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.—In evaluating any 
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proposed development activity for commercially de-
veloped crew or cargo launch capabilities, the Ad-
ministrator shall identify the anticipated contribu-
tion of Government personnel, expertise, tech-
nologies, and infrastructure to be utilized in support 
of design, development, or operations of the capabili-
ties. This assessment shall include a clear delinea-
tion of the full requirements for the commercial crew 
service (including the contingency for crew rescue). 
The Administrator shall include details and associ-
ated costs of such support as part of any proposed 
development initiative for the procurement of com-
mercially developed crew or cargo launch capabilities 
or services. 
‘‘(4) FLIGHT DEMONSTRATION AND READINESS 
REQUIREMENTS.—The Administrator shall establish 
appropriate milestones and minimum performance 
objectives to be achieved before authority is granted 
to proceed to the procurement of commercially devel-
oped crew transportation capabilities or services. 
The guidelines shall include a procedure to provide 
independent assurance of flight safety and flight 
readiness before the authorization of United States 
government personnel to participate as crew onboard 
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any commercial launch vehicle developed pursuant to 
this section. 
‘‘(5) COMMERCIAL
CREW
RESCUE
CAPABILI-
TIES.—The provision of a commercial capability to 
provide International Space Station crew services 
shall include crew rescue requirements, and shall be 
undertaken through the procurement process initi-
ated in conformance with this section. In the event 
such development is initiated, the Administrator 
shall make available any relevant government-owned 
intellectual property deriving from the development 
of a multipurpose crew vehicle authorized by this 
section and sections 71522 and 71523 of this title 
to commercial entities involved with such crew res-
cue capability development which shall be relevant to 
the design of a crew rescue capability. In addition, 
the Administrator shall seek to ensure that contracts 
for development of the multipurpose crew vehicle 
contain provisions for the licensing of relevant intel-
lectual property to participating commercial pro-
viders of any crew rescue capability development un-
dertaken pursuant to this section. If 1 or more con-
tractors involved with development of the multipur-
pose crew vehicle seek to compete in development of 
a commercial crew service with crew rescue capa-
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bility, separate legislative authority must be enacted 
to enable the Administrator to provide funding for 
any modifications of the multipurpose crew vehicle 
necessary to fulfill the International Space Station 
crew rescue function. 
‘‘§ 51703. Commercial Crew Program 
‘‘(a) OBJECTIVE.—The objective of the Commercial 
Crew Program shall be to assist in the development and 
certification of commercially provided transportation 
that— 
‘‘(1) can carry United States government astro-
nauts (meaning a United States government astro-
naut as defined in section 50902 of this title, except 
it does not include an individual who is an inter-
national partner astronaut) safely, reliably, and 
affordably to and from the International Space Sta-
tion; 
‘‘(2) can serve as a crew rescue vehicle; and 
‘‘(3) can accomplish the goals stated in para-
graphs (1) and (2) as soon as practicable. 
‘‘(b) PRIMARY CONSIDERATION.—The objective de-
scribed in subsection (a) shall be the primary consider-
ation in the acquisition strategy for the Commercial Crew 
Program. 
‘‘(c) SAFETY.— 
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‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
protect the safety of government astronauts (as de-
fined in section 50902 of this title) by ensuring that 
each commercially provided transportation system 
under this section meets all applicable human rating 
requirements in accordance with section 51702(1) of 
this title. 
‘‘(2) LESSONS LEARNED.—Consistent with the 
findings and recommendations of the Columbia Acci-
dent Investigation Board, the Administration shall 
ensure that safety and the minimization of the prob-
ability of loss of crew are the critical priorities of the 
Commercial Crew Program. 
‘‘(d) COST MINIMIZATION.—The Administrator shall 
strive through the competitive selection process to mini-
mize the life cycle cost to the Administration through the 
planned period of commercially provided crew transpor-
tation services. 
‘‘§ 51704. Policy regarding fair and open competition 
for space transportation services 
‘‘It is the policy of the United States that, to foster 
the competitive development, operation, improvement, and 
commercial availability of space transportation services, 
and to minimize the life cycle cost to the Administration, 
the Administrator shall procure services for Federal Gov-
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ernment access to and return from the International 
Space Station, whenever practicable, via fair and open 
competition for well-defined, milestone-based, Federal Ac-
quisition 
Regulation-based 
contracts 
under 
section 
71511(a) of this title. 
‘‘§ 51705. Transparency 
‘‘The Administrator shall, to the greatest extent prac-
ticable and in a manner that does not add costs or sched-
ule delays to the program, ensure all Commercial Crew 
Program and Commercial Resupply Services Program pro-
viders provide evidence-based support for their costs and 
schedules.’’. 
(u) REVISION OF SECTION 60304.— 
(1) REVISION OF SECTION.—Section 60304 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended— 
(A) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘Program evaluation’’ and inserting ‘‘Ad-
visory committee’’; 
(B) in subsection (a), by striking the sub-
section designation ‘‘(a)’’ and the subsection 
heading ‘‘ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—’’; and 
(C) by striking subsection (b). 
(2) CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—The chapter 
table of contents of chapter 603 of title 51, United 
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States Code, is amended by striking the item relat-
ing to section 60304 and inserting the following: 
‘‘60304. Advisory committee.’’. 
(v) ENACTMENT
OF SECTIONS 60507 THROUGH 
60510.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 605 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘60507. Interagency collaboration implementation approach. 
‘‘60508. Transitioning experimental research to operations. 
‘‘60509. Decadal Survey missions implementation for Earth observation. 
‘‘60510. Instrument testbeds and venture class missions.’’. 
(2) ENACTMENT OF SECTIONS.—Chapter 605 
of title 51, United States Code, is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 60507. Interagency collaboration implementation 
approach 
‘‘The Director of the Office of Science and Tech-
nology Policy shall establish a mechanism to ensure great-
er coordination of the research, operations, and activities 
relating to civilian Earth observation of Federal agencies, 
including the Administration, that have active programs 
that contribute either directly or indirectly to those areas. 
The mechanism should include the development of a stra-
tegic implementation plan that is updated at least every 
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3 years with a process for external independent advisory 
input. The strategic implementation plan should include— 
‘‘(1) a description of the responsibilities of the 
various Federal agency roles in Earth observations; 
‘‘(2) recommended cost-sharing and procure-
ment arrangements between Federal agencies and 
other entities, including international arrangements; 
and 
‘‘(3) a plan for ensuring the provision of sus-
tained, long-term space-based climate observations. 
‘‘§ 60508. Transitioning experimental research to op-
erations 
‘‘Based on the implementation plan provided to Con-
gress in March 2011, the Administrator shall coordinate 
with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration and the Director of the United 
States Geological Survey to establish a formal mechanism 
that plans, coordinates, and supports the transitioning of 
the research findings, assets, and capabilities of the Ad-
ministration to the operations of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration and the United States Geo-
logical Survey. In defining the mechanism, the Adminis-
tration should consider the establishment of a formal or 
informal interagency transition office. 
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‘‘§ 60509. Decadal Survey missions implementation 
for Earth observation 
‘‘The Administrator shall undertake to implement, as 
appropriate, missions identified in the National Research 
Council’s Earth Science Decadal Survey within the scope 
of the funds authorized for the Earth Science Mission Di-
rectorate. 
‘‘§ 60510. Instrument testbeds and venture class mis-
sions 
‘‘The Administrator shall pursue innovative ways to 
fly instrument-level payloads for early demonstration or 
as co-manifested payloads. Congress encourages the use 
of the International Space Station as an accessible plat-
form for the conduct of such activities. Additionally, in 
order to address the cost and schedule challenges associ-
ated with large flight systems, the Administrator should 
pursue smaller systems to the extent practicable and war-
ranted.’’. 
(w) REVISION OF CHAPTER 709.— 
(1) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS.—The 
chapter table of contents of chapter 709 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘70908. Continuation of the International Space Station. 
‘‘70909. Maximum utilization of the International Space Station. 
‘‘70910. Operation, maintenance, and maximum utilization of United States seg-
ment. 
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‘‘70911. Management of national laboratory. 
‘‘70912. Primary objectives of International Space Station program.’’. 
(2) TECHNICAL
AMENDMENT
TO
SECTION 
70902.—Section 70902 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘section 40904’’ and 
inserting ‘‘section 49904’’. 
(3) TECHNICAL
AMENDMENT
TO
SECTION 
70903.—Section 70903(1) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘section 40904’’ and 
inserting ‘‘section 49904’’. 
(4) TECHNICAL
AMENDMENTS
TO
SECTION 
70904.—Section 70904 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(A) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 40904’’ and inserting ‘‘section 49904’’; 
(B) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’; and 
(C) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(5) ENACTMENT OF SECTIONS 70908 THROUGH 
70912.—Chapter 709 of title 51, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
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‘‘§ 70908. Continuation of the International Space 
Station 
‘‘(a) POLICY.—It shall be the policy of the United 
States, in consultation with its international partners in 
the International Space Station program, to support full 
and complete utilization of the International Space Station 
through at least September 30, 2030. 
‘‘(b) ACTIONS.—In furtherance of the policy set forth 
in subsection (a), the Administration shall— 
‘‘(1) pursue international, commercial, and 
intragovernmental means to maximize International 
Space Station logistics supply, maintenance, and 
operational capabilities, reduce risks to International 
Space Station systems sustainability, and offset and 
minimize United States operations costs relating to 
the International Space Station; 
‘‘(2) utilize, to the extent practicable, the Inter-
national Space Station for the development of capa-
bilities and technologies needed for the future of 
human space exploration beyond low-Earth orbit; 
and 
‘‘(3) utilize, if practical and cost effective, the 
International Space Station for Science Mission Di-
rectorate missions in low-Earth orbit. 
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‘‘§ 70909. Maximum utilization of the International 
Space Station 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—With assembly of the Inter-
national Space Station complete, the Administration shall 
take steps to maximize the productivity and use of the 
International Space Station with respect to scientific and 
technological research and development, advancement of 
space exploration, and international collaboration. 
‘‘(b) ACTIONS.—In carrying out subsection (a), the 
Administration shall, at a minimum, undertake the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(1) INNOVATIVE USE OF U.S. SEGMENT.—The 
United States segment of the International Space 
Station, which has been designated as a national 
laboratory, shall be developed, managed, and utilized 
in a manner that enables the effective and innovative 
use of the facility, as provided in section 70911 of 
this title. 
‘‘(2) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.— 
‘‘(A) 
DEFINITION
OF
NEAR-EARTH 
SPACE.—In this paragraph, the term ‘near- 
Earth space’ means the region of space that in-
cludes low-Earth orbit and extends out to and 
includes geo-synchronous orbit. 
‘‘(B) USE OF INTERNATIONAL SPACE STA-
TION.—The International Space Station shall 
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continue to be utilized as a key component of 
international efforts to build missions and capa-
bilities that further the development of a 
human presence beyond near-Earth space and 
advance United States security and economic 
goals. The Administrator shall actively seek 
ways to encourage and enable the use of Inter-
national Space Station capabilities to support 
those efforts. 
‘‘(3) DOMESTIC
COLLABORATION.—The oper-
ations, management, and utilization of the Inter-
national Space Station shall be conducted in a man-
ner that provides opportunities for collaboration with 
other research programs and objectives of the 
United States Government in cooperation with com-
mercial suppliers, users, and developers. 
‘‘§ 70910. Operation, maintenance, and maximum uti-
lization of United States segment 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall take all 
actions necessary to ensure the safe and effective oper-
ation, maintenance, and maximum utilization of the 
United States segment of the International Space Station 
through at least September 30, 2030. 
‘‘(b) PLANNING, MANAGEMENT, AND SUPPORT.— 
Utilization of research facilities and capabilities aboard 
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the International Space Station (other than exploration- 
related research and technology development facilities and 
capabilities, and associated ground support and logistics) 
shall be planned, managed, and supported as provided in 
section 70911 of this title. Exploration-related research 
and technology development facilities, capabilities, and as-
sociated ground support and logistics shall be planned, 
managed, and supported by the appropriate Administra-
tion organizations and officials in a manner that does not 
interfere with other activities under section 70911 of this 
title. 
‘‘§ 70911. Management of national laboratory 
‘‘(a) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT WITH NOT-FOR- 
PROFIT ORGANIZATION FOR MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL 
LABORATORY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
provide initial financial assistance and enter into a 
cooperative agreement with an appropriate organiza-
tion that is exempt from taxation under section 
501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 
U.S.C. 501(c)(3)) to manage the activities of the 
International Space Station national laboratory in 
accordance with this section. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—The organization with 
which the Administrator enters into the cooperative 
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agreement shall develop the capabilities to imple-
ment research and development projects utilizing the 
International Space Station national laboratory and 
to otherwise manage the activities of the Inter-
national Space Station national laboratory. 
‘‘(3) PROHIBITION
ON
OTHER
ACTIVITIES.— 
The cooperative agreement shall require the organi-
zation entering into the agreement to engage exclu-
sively in activities relating to the management of the 
International Space Station national laboratory and 
activities that promote its long-term research and 
development mission as required by this section, 
without any other organizational objectives or re-
sponsibilities on behalf of the organization or any 
parent organization or other entity. 
‘‘(b) ADMINISTRATION LIAISON.— 
‘‘(1) DESIGNATION.—The Administrator shall 
designate an official or employee of the Space Oper-
ations Mission Directorate of the Administration to 
act as liaison between the Administration and the 
organization with which the Administrator enters 
into a cooperative agreement under subsection (a) 
with regard to the management of the International 
Space Station national laboratory. 
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‘‘(2) CONSULTATION WITH LIAISON.—The coop-
erative agreement shall require the organization en-
tering into the agreement to carry out its respon-
sibilities under the agreement in cooperation and 
consultation with the official or employee designated 
under paragraph (1). 
‘‘(c) PLANNING AND COORDINATION OF NATIONAL 
LABORATORY
RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES.—The Adminis-
trator shall provide initial financial assistance to the orga-
nization with which the Administrator enters into a coop-
erative agreement under subsection (a), in order for the 
organization to initiate the following: 
‘‘(1) Planning and coordination of the Inter-
national Space Station national laboratory research 
activities. 
‘‘(2) Development and implementation of guide-
lines, selection criteria, and flight support require-
ments for non-Administration scientific utilization of 
International Space Station research capabilities and 
facilities available in United States-owned modules 
of the International Space Station or in partner- 
owned facilities of the International Space Station 
allocated to United States utilization by inter-
national agreement. 
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‘‘(3) Interaction with and integration of the 
International Space Station National Laboratory 
Advisory Committee established under section 70906 
of this title with the governance of the organization, 
and review of recommendations provided by that 
Committee regarding agreements with non-Adminis-
tration departments and agencies of the United 
States Government, academic institutions and con-
sortia, and commercial entities leading to the utiliza-
tion of the International Space Station national lab-
oratory facilities. 
‘‘(4) Coordination of transportation require-
ments in support of the International Space Station 
national laboratory research and development objec-
tives, including provision for delivery of instruments, 
logistics support, and related experiment materials, 
and provision for return to Earth of collected sam-
ples, materials, and scientific instruments in need of 
replacement or upgrade. 
‘‘(5) Cooperation with the Administration, other 
departments and agencies of the United States Gov-
ernment, the States, and commercial entities in en-
suring the enhancement and sustained operations of 
non-exploration-related research payload ground 
support facilities for the International Space Sta-
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tion, including the Space Life Sciences Laboratory, 
the Space Station Processing Facility, and the Pay-
load Operations Integration Center. 
‘‘(6) Development and implementation of sci-
entific outreach and education activities designed to 
ensure effective utilization of International Space 
Station research capabilities, including the conduct 
of scientific assemblies, conferences, and other fora 
for the presentation of research findings, methods, 
and mechanisms for the dissemination of non-re-
stricted research findings and the development of 
educational programs, course supplements, and 
interaction with educational programs at all grade 
levels, including student-focused research opportuni-
ties for conduct of research in the International 
Space Station national laboratory facilities. 
‘‘(7) Other matters relating to the utilization of 
the International Space Station national laboratory 
facilities for research and development as the Ad-
ministrator considers appropriate. 
‘‘(d) RESEARCH CAPACITY ALLOCATION AND INTE-
GRATION OF RESEARCH PAYLOADS.— 
‘‘(1) ALLOCATION
OF
INTERNATIONAL
SPACE 
STATION
RESEARCH
CAPACITY.—The International 
Space Station national laboratory managed experi-
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ments shall be guaranteed access to, and utilization 
of, not less than 50 percent of the United States re-
search capacity allocation, including power, cold 
stowage, and requisite crew time onboard the Inter-
national Space Station through at least September 
30, 2030. Access to the International Space Station 
research capacity includes provision for the adequate 
upmass and downmass capabilities to utilize the 
International Space Station research capacity, as 
available. The Administrator may allocate additional 
capacity to the International Space Station national 
laboratory should such capacity be in excess of Ad-
ministration research requirements. 
‘‘(2) ADDITIONAL RESEARCH CAPABILITIES.—If 
any Administration research plan is determined to 
require research capacity onboard the International 
Space Station beyond the percentage allocated under 
paragraph (1), the research plan shall be prepared 
in the form of a requested research opportunity to 
be submitted to the process established under this 
section for the consideration of proposed research 
within the capacity allocated to the International 
Space Station national laboratory. A proposal for 
such a research plan may include the establishment 
of partnerships with non-Administration institutions 
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eligible to propose research to be conducted within 
the International Space Station national laboratory 
capacity. Until at least September 30, 2030, the of-
ficial or employee designated under subsection (b) 
may grant an exception to this requirement in the 
case of a proposed experiment considered essential 
for purposes of preparing for exploration beyond 
low-Earth orbit, as determined by joint agreement 
between the organization with which the Adminis-
trator enters into a cooperative agreement under 
subsection (a) and the official or employee des-
ignated under subsection (b). 
‘‘(3) RESEARCH
PRIORITIES
AND
ENHANCED 
CAPACITY.—The organization with which the Admin-
istrator enters into the cooperative agreement shall 
consider recommendations of the National Acad-
emies Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical 
Sciences in Space in establishing research priorities 
and in developing proposed enhancements of re-
search capacity and opportunities for the Inter-
national Space Station national laboratory. 
‘‘(4) RESPONSIBILITY
FOR
RESEARCH
PAY-
LOAD.—The Administration shall retain its roles and 
responsibilities in providing research payload phys-
ical, analytical, and operations integration during 
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pre-flight, post-flight, transportation, and orbital 
phases essential to ensure safe and effective flight 
readiness and vehicle integration of research activi-
ties approved and prioritized by the organization 
with which the Administrator enters into the cooper-
ative agreement and the official or employee des-
ignated under subsection (b). 
‘‘§ 70912. Primary objectives of International Space 
Station program 
‘‘The primary objectives of the International Space 
Station program shall be— 
‘‘(1) to achieve the long term goal and objec-
tives under section 71512 of this title; and 
‘‘(2) to pursue a research program that ad-
vances knowledge and provides other benefits to the 
Nation.’’. 
(x) REVISION OF SECTION 71102.—Section 71102(1) 
of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘attaching a tracking device,’’ and inserting ‘‘attaching a 
tracking device to,’’. 
(y) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER 715.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) CONTENT.—Title 51, United States Code, 
is amended by adding after chapter 713 the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘Chapter 715—HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT AND EXPLORATION 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘71501. Definitions. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER II—POLICY, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES 
‘‘71511. Human space flight policy. 
‘‘71512. Goals and objectives. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER III—EXPANSION OF HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT BEYOND THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STA-
TION AND LOW-EARTH ORBIT 
‘‘71521. Space Launch System as follow-on launch vehicle to the space shuttle. 
‘‘71522. Multipurpose crew vehicle. 
‘‘71523. Utilization of existing workforce and assets in development of Space 
Launch System and multipurpose crew vehicle. 
‘‘71524. Launch support and infrastructure modernization program. 
‘‘71525. Development of technologies and in-space capabilities for beyond near- 
Earth space missions. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER IV—SPACE SCIENCE 
‘‘71541. Technology development. 
‘‘71542. Suborbital research activities. 
‘‘71543. In-space servicing. 
‘‘71544. Ongoing restoration of radioisotope thermoelectric generator material 
production. 
‘‘71545. Coordinated approach for robotic missions. 
‘‘71546. Near-Earth object survey and policy with respect to threats posed. 
‘‘Subchapter I—GENERAL 
PROVISIONS 
‘‘§ 71501. Definitions 
‘‘In this chapter: 
‘‘(1) CIS-LUNAR
SPACE.—The term ‘cis-lunar 
space’ means the region of space from the Earth out 
to and including the region around the surface of 
the Moon. 
‘‘(2) DEEP
SPACE.—The term ‘deep space’ 
means the region of space beyond cis-lunar space. 
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‘‘(3) NEAR-EARTH
SPACE.—The term ‘near- 
Earth space’ means the region of space that includes 
low-Earth orbit and extends out to and includes geo- 
synchronous orbit. 
‘‘(4) SPACE
LAUNCH
SYSTEM.—The term 
‘Space Launch System’ means the follow-on Govern-
ment-owned civil launch system developed, managed, 
and operated by the Administration to serve as a 
key component to expand human presence beyond 
low-Earth orbit. 
‘‘Subchapter II—POLICY, GOALS, 
AND OBJECTIVES 
‘‘§ 71511. Human space flight policy 
‘‘(a) USE OF NON-UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE 
FLIGHT TRANSPORTATION SERVICES.— 
‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
‘‘(A) COMMERCIAL PROVIDER.—The term 
‘commercial provider’ means any person pro-
viding human space flight transportation serv-
ices, primary control of which is held by persons 
other than the Federal Government, a State or 
local government, or a foreign government. 
‘‘(B) QUALIFIED FOREIGN ENTITY.—The 
term ‘qualified foreign entity’ means a foreign 
entity that is in compliance with all applicable 
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safety standards and is not prohibited from 
providing space transportation services under 
other law. 
‘‘(C) UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL PRO-
VIDER.—The term ‘United States commercial 
provider’ means a commercial provider, orga-
nized under the laws of the United States or of 
a State, that is more than 50 percent owned by 
United States nationals. 
‘‘(2) IN GENERAL.—The Federal Government 
may not acquire human space flight transportation 
services from a foreign entity unless— 
‘‘(A) no United States Government-oper-
ated human space flight capability is available; 
‘‘(B) no United States commercial provider 
is available; and 
‘‘(C) it is a qualified foreign entity. 
‘‘(3) ARRANGEMENTS
WITH
FOREIGN
ENTI-
TIES.—Nothing in this subsection shall prevent the 
Administrator from negotiating or entering into 
human space flight transportation arrangements 
with foreign entities to ensure safety of flight and 
continued International Space Station operations. 
‘‘(b) UNITED STATES HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT CAPA-
BILITIES.—Congress reaffirms the policy stated in section 
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70501(a) of this title that the United States shall main-
tain an uninterrupted capability for human space flight 
and operations in low-Earth orbit, and beyond, as an es-
sential instrument of national security and of the capacity 
to ensure continued United States participation and lead-
ership in the exploration and utilization of space. 
‘‘§ 71512. Goals and objectives 
‘‘(a) LONG-TERM GOALS.—The long-term goals of 
the human space flight and exploration efforts of the Ad-
ministration shall be— 
‘‘(1) to expand permanent human presence be-
yond low-Earth orbit and to do so, where practical, 
in a manner involving international, academic, and 
industry partners; 
‘‘(2) crewed missions and progress toward 
achieving the goal in paragraph (1) to enable the po-
tential for subsequent human exploration and the ex-
tension of human presence throughout the solar sys-
tem; and 
‘‘(3) to enable a capability to extend human 
presence, including potential human habitation on 
another celestial body and a thriving space economy 
in the 21st century. 
‘‘(b) KEY OBJECTIVES.—The key objectives of the 
United States for human expansion into space shall be— 
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‘‘(1) to sustain the capability for long-duration 
presence in low-Earth orbit, initially through con-
tinuation of the International Space Station and full 
utilization of the United States segment of the 
International Space Station as a national laboratory, 
and through assisting and enabling an expanded 
commercial presence in, and access to, low-Earth 
orbit, as elements of a low-Earth orbit infrastruc-
ture; 
‘‘(2) to determine whether humans can live for 
extended periods in space with decreasing reliance 
on Earth, starting with utilization of low-Earth orbit 
infrastructure, to— 
‘‘(A) identify potential roles that space re-
sources such as energy and materials can play; 
‘‘(B) meet national and global needs and 
challenges such as potential cataclysmic threats; 
and 
‘‘(C) explore the viability of and lay the 
foundation for sustainable economic activities in 
space; 
‘‘(3) to maximize the role that human explo-
ration of space can play in— 
‘‘(A) advancing overall knowledge of the 
universe; 
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‘‘(B) supporting United States national 
and economic security and the United States 
global competitive posture; and 
‘‘(C) inspiring young people in their edu-
cational pursuits; 
‘‘(4) to build on the cooperative and mutually 
beneficial framework established by the International 
Space Station partnership agreements and experi-
ence in developing and undertaking programs and 
meeting objectives designed to realize the goal of 
human space flight set forth in subsection (a); and 
‘‘(5) to achieve human exploration of Mars and 
beyond through the prioritization of those tech-
nologies and capabilities best suited for such a mis-
sion in accordance with the stepping stone approach 
to exploration under section 70504 of this title. 
‘‘Subchapter III—EXPANSION OF 
HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT BE-
YOND THE INTERNATIONAL 
SPACE STATION AND LOW- 
EARTH ORBIT 
‘‘§ 71521. Space Launch System as follow-on launch 
vehicle to the space shuttle 
‘‘(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the Administration develop a Space Launch System 
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as a follow-on to the space shuttle that can access cis- 
lunar space and the regions of space beyond low-Earth 
orbit in order to enable the United States to participate 
in global efforts to access and develop that increasingly 
strategic region. 
‘‘(b) INITIATION OF DEVELOPMENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—As soon as practicable 
after October 11, 2010, the Administrator shall ini-
tiate development of a Space Launch System meet-
ing the minimum capability requirements specified 
in subsection (c). 
‘‘(2) 
MODIFICATION
OF
CURRENT
CON-
TRACTS.—In order to limit the Administration’s ter-
mination liability costs and support critical capabili-
ties, the Administrator shall, to the extent prac-
ticable, extend or modify existing (as of October 11, 
2010) vehicle development and associated contracts 
necessary to meet the requirement in paragraph (1), 
including contracts for ground testing of solid rocket 
motors, if necessary, to ensure their availability for 
development of the Space Launch System. 
‘‘(c) MINIMUM CAPABILITY REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Space Launch System 
developed pursuant to subsection (b) shall be de-
signed to have, at a minimum, the following: 
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‘‘(A) The initial capability of the core ele-
ments, without an upper stage, of lifting pay-
loads weighing between 70 and 100 tons into 
low-Earth orbit in preparation for transit for 
missions beyond low-Earth orbit. 
‘‘(B) The capability to carry an integrated 
upper Earth departure stage bringing the total 
lift capability of the Space Launch System to 
130 tons or more. 
‘‘(C) The capability to lift the multipur-
pose crew vehicle. 
‘‘(D) The capability to serve as a backup 
system for supplying and supporting Inter-
national Space Station cargo delivery require-
ments or crew delivery requirements not other-
wise met by available commercial or partner- 
supplied vehicles. 
‘‘(E) The capacity for efficient and timely 
evolution, including the incorporation of new 
technologies, competition of sub-elements, and 
commercial operations. 
‘‘(2) FLEXIBILITY.—The Space Launch System 
shall be designed from inception as a fully integrated 
vehicle capable of carrying a total payload of 130 
tons or more into low-Earth orbit in preparation for 
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transit for missions beyond low-Earth orbit. The 
Space Launch System shall, to the extent prac-
ticable, incorporate capabilities for evolutionary 
growth to carry heavier payloads. Developmental 
work and testing of the core elements and the upper 
stage should proceed in parallel subject to appropria-
tions. Priority should be placed on the core elements 
with the goal for operational capability for the core 
elements not later than December 31, 2016. 
‘‘(3) TRANSITION NEEDS.—The Administrator 
shall ensure that critical skills and capabilities are 
retained, modified, and developed, as appropriate, in 
areas relating to solid and liquid engines, large di-
ameter fuel tanks, rocket propulsion, and other 
ground test capabilities for an effective transition to 
the follow-on Space Launch System. 
‘‘§ 71522. Multipurpose crew vehicle 
‘‘(a) INITIATION OF DEVELOPMENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
continue the development of a multipurpose crew ve-
hicle to be available as soon as practicable, and no 
later than for use with the Space Launch System. 
The vehicle shall continue to advance development of 
the human safety features, designs, and systems in 
the Orion project. 
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‘‘(2) GOAL FOR OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY.—It 
shall be the goal to achieve full operational capa-
bility for the transportation vehicle developed pursu-
ant to this subsection by not later than December 
31, 2016. For purposes of meeting such goal, the 
Administrator may undertake a test of the transpor-
tation vehicle at the International Space Station be-
fore that date. 
‘‘(b) MINIMUM CAPABILITY REQUIREMENTS.—The 
multipurpose crew vehicle developed pursuant to sub-
section (a) shall be designed to have, at a minimum, the 
following: 
‘‘(1) The capability to serve as the primary 
crew vehicle for missions beyond low-Earth orbit. 
‘‘(2) The capability to conduct regular in-space 
operations, such as rendezvous, docking, and extra- 
vehicular activities, in conjunction with payloads de-
livered by the Space Launch System developed pur-
suant to section 71521 of this title, or other vehicles, 
in preparation for missions beyond low-Earth orbit 
or servicing of assets described in section 71543 of 
this title, or other assets in cis-lunar space. 
‘‘(3) The capability to provide an alternative 
means of delivery of crew and cargo to the Inter-
national Space Station, in the event other vehicles, 
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whether commercial vehicles or partner-supplied ve-
hicles, are unable to perform that function. 
‘‘(4) The capacity for efficient and timely evo-
lution, including the incorporation of new tech-
nologies, competition of sub-elements, and commer-
cial operations. 
‘‘§ 71523. Utilization of existing workforce and assets 
in development of Space Launch System 
and multipurpose crew vehicle 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In developing the Space Launch 
System pursuant to section 71521 of this title and the 
multipurpose crew vehicle pursuant to section 71522 of 
this title, the Administrator shall, to the extent prac-
ticable, utilize— 
‘‘(1) existing (as of October 11, 2010) con-
tracts, investments, workforce, industrial base, and 
capabilities from the space shuttle and Orion and 
Ares 1 projects, including— 
‘‘(A) spacesuit development activities for 
application to, and coordinated development of, 
a multipurpose crew vehicle suit and associated 
life-support requirements with potential devel-
opment of standard Administration-certified 
suit and life support systems for use in alter-
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native commercially developed crew transpor-
tation systems; and 
‘‘(B) space shuttle-derived components and 
Ares 1 components that use existing (as of Oc-
tober 11, 2010) United States propulsion sys-
tems, including liquid fuel engines, external 
tank or tank-related capability, and solid rocket 
motor engines; and 
‘‘(2) associated testing facilities in existence or 
under construction as of October 11, 2010. 
‘‘(b) DISCHARGE OF REQUIREMENTS.—In meeting 
the requirements of subsection (a), the Administrator— 
‘‘(1) shall, to the extent practicable, utilize 
ground-based manufacturing capability, ground test-
ing activities, launch and operations infrastructure, 
and workforce expertise; 
‘‘(2) shall, to the extent practicable, minimize 
the modification and development of ground infra-
structure and maximize the utilization of existing (as 
of October 11, 2010) software, vehicle, and mission 
operations processes; 
‘‘(3) shall complete construction and activation 
of the A–3 test stand with a completion goal of Sep-
tember 30, 2013; 
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‘‘(4) may procure, develop, and flight test appli-
cable components; and 
‘‘(5) shall take appropriate actions to ensure 
timely and cost-effective development of the Space 
Launch System and the multipurpose crew vehicle, 
including the use of a procurement approach that in-
corporates adequate and effective oversight, the fa-
cilitation of contractor efficiencies, and the stream-
lining of contract and procurement requirements. 
‘‘(c) CONTINUATION OF CONTRACTOR SUPPORT.— 
The Administrator may not terminate any contract that 
provides the system transitions necessary for shuttle-de-
rived hardware to be used on the Space Launch System 
described in section 71521 of this title or the multipurpose 
crew vehicle described in section 71522 of this title. 
‘‘§ 71524. Launch support and infrastructure mod-
ernization program 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall carry 
out a program the primary purpose of which is to prepare 
infrastructure at the Kennedy Space Center that is needed 
to enable processing and launch of the Space Launch Sys-
tem. Vehicle interfaces and other ground processing and 
payload integration areas should be simplified to minimize 
overall costs, enhance safety, and complement the purpose 
of this section. 
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‘‘(b) ELEMENTS.—The program required by this sec-
tion shall include— 
‘‘(1) investments to improve civil and national 
security operations at the Kennedy Space Center, to 
enhance the overall capabilities of the Center, and to 
reduce the long-term cost of operations and mainte-
nance; 
‘‘(2) measures to provide multi-vehicle support, 
improvements in payload processing, and partnering 
at the Kennedy Space Center; and 
‘‘(3) other measures that the Administrator 
considers appropriate, including investments to im-
prove launch infrastructure at Administration flight 
facilities scheduled to launch cargo to the Inter-
national Space Station under the program to develop 
commercial cargo transportation capabilities. 
‘‘§ 71525. Development of technologies and in-space 
capabilities for beyond near-Earth space 
missions 
‘‘(a) DEVELOPMENT AUTHORIZED.—The Adminis-
trator may initiate activities to develop the following: 
‘‘(1) Technologies identified as necessary ele-
ments of missions beyond low-Earth orbit. 
‘‘(2) In-space capabilities such as refueling and 
storage technology, orbital transfer stages, innova-
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tive in-space propulsion technology, communications, 
and data management that facilitate a broad range 
of users (including military and commercial). 
‘‘(3) Applications defining the architecture and 
design of missions beyond low-Earth orbit. 
‘‘(4) Spacesuit development and associated life 
support technology. 
‘‘(5) Flagship missions. 
‘‘(b) INVESTMENTS.—In developing technologies and 
capabilities under subsection (a), the Administrator may 
make investments in— 
‘‘(1) space technologies such as advanced pro-
pulsion, propellant depots, in situ resource utiliza-
tion, and robotic payloads or capabilities that enable 
human missions beyond low-Earth orbit ultimately 
leading to Mars; 
‘‘(2) a space-based transfer vehicle including 
technologies described in paragraph (1) with an abil-
ity to conduct space-based operations that provide 
capabilities— 
‘‘(A) to integrate with the Space Launch 
System and other space-based systems; 
‘‘(B) to provide opportunities for in-space 
servicing of and delivery to multiple space-based 
platforms; and 
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‘‘(C) to facilitate international efforts to 
expand human presence to deep space destina-
tions; 
‘‘(3) advanced life support technologies and ca-
pabilities; 
‘‘(4) technologies and capabilities relating to in- 
space power, propulsion, and energy systems; 
‘‘(5) technologies and capabilities relating to in- 
space propellant transfer and storage; 
‘‘(6) technologies and capabilities relating to in 
situ resource utilization; and 
‘‘(7) expanded research to understand the 
greatest biological impediments to human deep space 
missions, especially the radiation challenge. 
‘‘(c) UTILIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL SPACE STA-
TION AS TESTBED.—The Administrator may utilize the 
International Space Station as a testbed for any tech-
nology or capability developed under subsection (a) in a 
manner consistent with sections 70908 through 70911 of 
this title. 
‘‘(d) COORDINATION.—The Administrator shall co-
ordinate development of technologies and capabilities 
under this section through an overall Administration tech-
nology approach consistent with the plan required by sec-
tion 905 of the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis-
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tration Authorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–267, 
124 Stat. 2836), which outlines how the Administration’s 
space technology program will meet the goal described in 
section 40903 of this title, including an explanation of how 
the plan will link to other mission-directorate technology 
efforts. 
‘‘Subchapter IV—SPACE SCIENCE 
‘‘§ 71541. Technology development 
‘‘The Administrator shall ensure that the Science 
Mission Directorate maintains a long-term technology de-
velopment program for space and Earth science. That ef-
fort should be coordinated with an overall Administration 
technology investment approach consistent with the plan 
required by section 905 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (Public 
Law 111–267, 124 Stat. 2836), which outlines how the 
Administration’s space technology program will meet the 
goal described in section 40903 of this title, including an 
explanation of how the plan will link to other mission-di-
rectorate technology efforts. 
‘‘§ 71542. Suborbital research activities 
‘‘(a) MANAGEMENT.—The Administrator shall des-
ignate an officer or employee of the Science Mission Direc-
torate to act as the responsible official for all Suborbital 
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Research in the Science Mission Directorate. The designee 
shall be responsible for— 
‘‘(1) the development of short- and long-term 
strategic plans for maintaining, renewing, and ex-
tending suborbital facilities and capabilities; 
‘‘(2) monitoring progress toward goals in the 
plans; and 
‘‘(3) integration of suborbital activities and 
workforce development within the Administration, 
thereby ensuring the long-term recognition of their 
combined value to the Directorate, to the Adminis-
tration, and to the Nation. 
‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF SUBORBITAL RESEARCH 
PROGRAM.—The Administrator shall establish a Sub-
orbital Research Program within the Science Mission Di-
rectorate that shall include the use of sounding rockets, 
aircraft, high altitude balloons, suborbital reusable launch 
vehicles, and commercial launch vehicles to advance 
science and train the next generation of scientists and en-
gineers in systems engineering and systems integration, 
which are vital to maintaining critical skills in the aero-
space workforce. The program shall integrate existing (as 
of October 11, 2010) suborbital research programs with 
orbital missions at the discretion of the designated officer 
or employee and shall emphasize the participation of un-
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dergraduate and graduate students and post-doctoral re-
searchers when formulating announcements of oppor-
tunity. 
‘‘(c) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Administrator shall re-
port annually to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives on the number and type of suborbital missions 
conducted in each fiscal year under this section and the 
number of undergraduate and graduate students that par-
ticipated in the missions. 
‘‘§ 71543. In-space servicing 
‘‘The Administrator shall continue to take all nec-
essary steps to ensure that provisions are made for robotic 
or human in-space servicing and repair of all future ob-
servatory-class scientific spacecraft intended to be de-
ployed in Earth-orbit or at a Lagrangian point to the ex-
tent practicable and appropriate. The Administrator 
should ensure that Administration investments and future 
capabilities for space technology, robotics, and human 
space flight take the ability to service and repair observ-
atory-class scientific spacecraft into account, as appro-
priate, and incorporate those capabilities into design and 
operational plans. 
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‘‘§ 71544. Ongoing restoration of radioisotope thermo-
electric generator material production 
‘‘The Administrator shall, in coordination with the 
Secretary of Energy, pursue a joint approach beginning 
in fiscal year 2011 toward restarting and sustaining the 
domestic production of radioisotope thermoelectric gener-
ator material for deep space and other science and explo-
ration missions. Funds authorized by the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
2010 (Public Law 111–267, 124 Stat. 2805) for the Ad-
ministration shall be made available under a reimbursable 
agreement with the Department of Energy for the purpose 
of reestablishing facilities to produce fuel required for ra-
dioisotope thermoelectric generators to enable future mis-
sions. 
‘‘§ 71545. Coordinated approach for robotic missions 
‘‘The Administrator shall ensure that the Exploration 
Systems Mission Directorate and the Space Operations 
Mission Directorate coordinate with the Science Mission 
Directorate on an overall approach and plan for inter-
agency and international collaboration on robotic missions 
that are developed by the Administration or internation-
ally developed, including lunar, Lagrangian, near-Earth 
orbit, and Mars spacecraft, such as the International 
Lunar Network. 
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‘‘§ 71546. Near-Earth object survey and policy with 
respect to threats posed 
‘‘(a) POLICY REAFFIRMATION.—Congress reaffirms 
the policy set forth in section 20102(g) of this title relat-
ing to surveying near-Earth asteroids and comets. 
‘‘(b) IMPLEMENTATION.—Consistent with section 
71103 of this title, the Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy shall implement, before September 
30, 2012, a policy for notifying Federal agencies and rel-
evant emergency response institutions of an impending 
near-Earth object threat if near-term public safety is at 
risk, and assign a Federal agency or agencies to be respon-
sible for protecting the United States and working with 
the international community on such threats.’’. 
(2) CHAPTER HEADING TYPEFACE.—The chap-
ter heading of chapter 715 of title 51, United States 
Code, as added by paragraph (1), is amended so 
that the typeface of that chapter heading conforms 
to the typeface of other chapter headings in title 51, 
United States Code. 
(3) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
TYPE-
FACE.—The chapter table of contents of chapter 715 
of title 51, United States Code, as added by para-
graph (1), is amended so that the typeface of the 
subchapter headings and the typeface of the sub-
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chapter items conform to those appearing in other 
chapter table of contents of title 51. 
(4) SUBCHAPTER
HEADING
TYPEFACE.—The 
subchapter headings for subchapters I through IV of 
chapter 715 of title 51, United States Code, as 
added by paragraph (1), are amended so that the 
typeface of those subchapter headings conforms to 
the typeface of subchapter headings in other chap-
ters of title 51, United States Code. 
(z) ENACTMENT OF CHAPTER 717.—Title 51, United 
States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) CONTENT.—Title 51, United States Code, 
as amended by subsection (y), is amended by adding 
after chapter 715 the following: 
‘‘Chapter 717—ADVANCING 
HUMAN SPACE EXPLORATION 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘71701. Definitions. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER II—ADVANCING HUMAN DEEP SPACE 
EXPLORATION 
‘‘Part A—Assuring Core Capabilities for Explo-
ration 
‘‘71711. Space launch system, Orion, and exploration ground systems. 
‘‘Part B—Journey to Mars 
‘‘71721. Human exploration roadmap. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER III—ADVANCING SPACE SCIENCE 
‘‘71731. Policy on maintaining balanced space science portfolio. 
‘‘71732. Mission priorities for planetary science. 
‘‘71733. Extrasolar planet exploration strategy. 
‘‘71734. Astrobiology strategy. 
‘‘71735. Collaboration. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER IV—SPACE TECHNOLOGY 
‘‘71741. Space technology infusion. 
‘‘71742. Space technology program. 
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‘‘SUBCHAPTER V—MAXIMIZING EFFICIENCY 
‘‘Part A—Administration Information Technology 
and Cybersecurity 
‘‘71751. Information technology governance. 
‘‘71752. Information technology strategic plan. 
‘‘71753. Information security plan for cybersecurity. 
‘‘Part B—Collaboration Among Mission Direc-
torates and Other Matters 
‘‘71761. Collaboration among mission directorates. 
‘‘71762. Administration launch capabilities collaboration. 
‘‘71763. Education and outreach. 
‘‘71764. Leveraging commercial satellite servicing capabilities across mission di-
rectorates. 
‘‘71765. Flight opportunities. 
‘‘71766. Space Act Agreements. 
‘‘Subchapter I—GENERAL 
PROVISIONS 
‘‘§ 71701. Definitions 
‘‘In this chapter: 
‘‘(1) APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘appropriate committees of Con-
gress’ means— 
‘‘(A) 
the 
Committee 
on 
Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate; and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives. 
‘‘(2) CIS-LUNAR
SPACE.—The term ‘cis-lunar 
space’ means the region of space from the Earth out 
to and including the region around the surface of 
the Moon. 
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‘‘(3) DEEP
SPACE.—The term ‘deep space’ 
means the region of space beyond low-Earth orbit, 
to include cis-lunar space. 
‘‘(4) ORION.—The term ‘Orion’ means the mul-
tipurpose crew vehicle described under section 71522 
of this title. 
‘‘(5) SPACE
LAUNCH
SYSTEM.—The term 
‘Space Launch System’ has the meaning given the 
term in section 71501 of this title. 
‘‘Subchapter 
II—ADVANCING 
HUMAN DEEP SPACE EXPLO-
RATION 
‘‘Part A—Assuring Core 
Capabilities for Exploration 
‘‘§ 71711. Space launch system, Orion, and explo-
ration ground systems 
‘‘(a) REAFFIRMATION.—Congress reaffirms the pol-
icy and minimum capability requirements for the Space 
Launch System under section 71521 of this title. 
‘‘(b) CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF FULLY INTE-
GRATED SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM.—The Administrator 
shall continue the development of the fully integrated 
Space Launch System, including an upper stage needed 
to go beyond low-Earth orbit, in order to safely enable 
human space exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond 
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over the course of the next century as required in section 
71521(c) of this title. 
‘‘(c) EXPLORATION MISSIONS.—The Administrator 
shall continue development of— 
‘‘(1) an uncrewed exploration mission to dem-
onstrate the capability of both the Space Launch 
System and Orion as an integrated system by 2018; 
‘‘(2) subject to applicable human rating proc-
esses and requirements, a crewed exploration mis-
sion to demonstrate the Space Launch System, in-
cluding the Core Stage and Exploration Upper 
Stages, by 2021; 
‘‘(3) 
subsequent 
missions 
beginning 
with 
Artemis III at operational flight rate sufficient to 
maintain safety and operational readiness using the 
Space Launch System and Orion to extend into cis- 
lunar space and eventually to Mars; and 
‘‘(4) a deep space habitat as a key element in 
a deep space exploration architecture along with the 
Space Launch System and Orion. 
‘‘(d) OTHER USES.—The Administrator shall assess 
the utility of the Space Launch System for use by the 
science community and for other Federal Government 
launch needs, including consideration of overall cost and 
schedule savings from reduced transit times and increased 
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science returns enabled by the unique capabilities of the 
Space Launch System. 
‘‘Part B—Journey to Mars 
‘‘§ 71721. Human exploration roadmap 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall develop 
a human exploration roadmap, including a critical decision 
plan, to expand human presence beyond low-Earth orbit 
to the surface of Mars and beyond, considering potential 
interim destinations such as cis-lunar space and the moons 
of Mars. 
‘‘(b) SCOPE.—The human exploration roadmap shall 
include— 
‘‘(1) an integrated set of exploration, science, 
and other goals and objectives of a United States 
human space exploration program to achieve the 
long-term goal of human missions near or on the 
surface of Mars in the 2030s; 
‘‘(2) opportunities for international, academic, 
and industry partnerships for exploration-related 
systems, services, research, and technology if those 
opportunities provide cost-savings, accelerate pro-
gram schedules, or otherwise benefit the goals and 
objectives developed under paragraph (1); 
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‘‘(3) sets and sequences of precursor missions 
in cis-lunar space and other missions or activities 
necessary— 
‘‘(A) to demonstrate the proficiency of the 
capabilities and technologies identified under 
paragraph (4); and 
‘‘(B) to meet the goals and objectives de-
veloped under paragraph (1), including antici-
pated timelines and missions for the Space 
Launch System and Orion; 
‘‘(4) an identification of the specific capabilities 
and technologies, including the Space Launch Sys-
tem, Orion, a deep space habitat, and other capabili-
ties, that facilitate the goals and objectives developed 
under paragraph (1); 
‘‘(5) a description of how cis-lunar elements, 
objectives, and activities advance the human explo-
ration of Mars; 
‘‘(6) an assessment of potential human health 
and other risks, including radiation exposure; 
‘‘(7) mitigation plans, whenever possible, to ad-
dress the risks identified in paragraph (6); 
‘‘(8) a description of those technologies already 
under development across the Federal Government 
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or by other entities that facilitate the goals and ob-
jectives developed under paragraph (1); 
‘‘(9) a specific process for the evolution of the 
capabilities of the fully integrated Orion with the 
Space Launch System and a description of how 
these systems facilitate the goals and objectives de-
veloped under paragraph (1) and demonstrate the 
capabilities and technologies described in paragraph 
(4); 
‘‘(10) a description of the capabilities and tech-
nologies that need to be demonstrated or research 
data that could be gained through the utilization of 
the International Space Station and the status of 
the development of such capabilities and tech-
nologies; 
‘‘(11) a framework for international cooperation 
in the development of all capabilities and tech-
nologies identified under this section, including an 
assessment of the risks posed by relying on inter-
national partners for capabilities and technologies on 
the critical path of development; 
‘‘(12) a process for partnering with nongovern-
mental entities using Space Act Agreements or other 
acquisition instruments for future human space ex-
ploration; and 
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‘‘(13) information on the phasing of planned in-
termediate destinations, Mars mission risk areas and 
potential risk mitigation approaches, technology re-
quirements and phasing of required technology de-
velopment activities, the management strategy to be 
followed, related International Space Station activi-
ties, planned international collaborative activities, 
potential commercial contributions, and other activi-
ties relevant to the achievement of the goal estab-
lished in this section. 
‘‘(c) CONSIDERATIONS.—In developing the human ex-
ploration roadmap, the Administrator shall consider— 
‘‘(1) using key exploration capabilities, namely 
the Space Launch System and Orion; 
‘‘(2) using existing commercially available tech-
nologies and capabilities or those technologies and 
capabilities being developed by industry for commer-
cial purposes; 
‘‘(3) establishing an organizational approach to 
ensure collaboration and coordination among the Ad-
ministration’s mission directorates under section 
71761 of this title, when appropriate, including to 
collect and return to Earth a sample from the Mar-
tian surface; 
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‘‘(4) building upon the initial uncrewed mission, 
Artemis I, and first crewed mission, Artemis II, of 
the Space Launch System and Orion to establish a 
sustainable cadence of missions extending human ex-
ploration missions into cis-lunar space, including an-
ticipated timelines and milestones; 
‘‘(5) developing the robotic and precursor mis-
sions and activities that will demonstrate, test, and 
develop key technologies and capabilities essential 
for achieving human missions to Mars, including 
long-duration human operations beyond low-Earth 
orbit, space suits, solar electric propulsion, deep 
space habitats, environmental control life support 
systems, Mars lander and ascent vehicle, entry, de-
scent, landing, ascent, Mars surface systems, and in- 
situ resource utilization; 
‘‘(6) demonstrating and testing 1 or more habi-
tat modules in cis-lunar space to prepare for Mars 
missions; 
‘‘(7) using public-private, firm fixed-price part-
nerships, where practicable; 
‘‘(8) collaborating with international, academic, 
and industry partners, when appropriate; 
‘‘(9) any risks to human health and sensitive 
onboard technologies, including radiation exposure; 
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‘‘(10) any risks identified through research out-
comes under the Administration Human Research 
Program’s Behavioral Health Element; and 
‘‘(11) the recommendations and ideas of several 
independently developed reports or concepts that de-
scribe potential Mars architectures or concepts and 
identify Mars as the long-term goal for human space 
exploration, including the reports described under 
section 431 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Transition Authorization Act of 
2017 (Public Law 115–10, 131 Stat. 38). 
‘‘(d) CRITICAL DECISION PLAN ON HUMAN SPACE 
EXPLORATION.—As part of the human exploration road-
map, the Administrator shall include a critical decision 
plan— 
‘‘(1) identifying and defining key decisions 
guiding human space exploration priorities and plans 
that need to be made before June 30, 2020, includ-
ing decisions that may guide human space explo-
ration capability development, precursor missions, 
long-term missions, and activities; 
‘‘(2) defining decisions needed to maximize effi-
ciencies and resources for reaching the near-, inter-
mediate-, and long-term goals and objectives of 
human space exploration; and 
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‘‘(3) identifying and defining timelines and 
milestones for a sustainable cadence of missions be-
ginning with Artemis III for the Space Launch Sys-
tem and Orion to extend human exploration from 
cis-lunar space to the surface of Mars. 
‘‘(e) REPORTS.— 
‘‘(1) INITIAL
HUMAN
EXPLORATION
ROAD-
MAP.—The Administrator shall submit to the appro-
priate committees of Congress— 
‘‘(A) an initial human exploration road-
map, including a critical decision plan, before 
December 1, 2017; and 
‘‘(B) an updated human exploration road-
map periodically as the Administrator considers 
necessary but not less than biennially. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—Each human exploration 
roadmap under this subsection shall include a de-
scription of— 
‘‘(A) the achievements and goals accom-
plished in the process of developing capabilities 
and technologies described in this section dur-
ing the 2-year period prior to the submission of 
the human exploration roadmap; and 
‘‘(B) the expected goals and achievements 
in the following 2-year period. 
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100 
‘‘(3) SUBMISSION WITH BUDGET.—Each human 
exploration roadmap under this section shall be in-
cluded in the budget for that fiscal year transmitted 
to Congress under section 1105(a) of title 31. 
‘‘Subchapter III—ADVANCING 
SPACE SCIENCE 
‘‘§ 71731. Policy on maintaining balanced space 
science portfolio 
‘‘It is the policy of the United States to ensure, to 
the extent practicable, a steady cadence of large, medium, 
and small science missions. 
‘‘§ 71732. Mission priorities for planetary science 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In accordance with the priorities 
established in the most recent Planetary Science Decadal 
Survey, the Administrator shall ensure, to the greatest ex-
tent practicable, the completion of a balanced set of Dis-
covery, New Frontiers, and Flagship missions at the ca-
dence recommended by the most recent Planetary Science 
Decadal Survey. 
‘‘(b) MISSION PRIORITY ADJUSTMENTS.—Consistent 
with the set of missions described in subsection (a), and 
while maintaining the continuity of scientific data and 
steady development of capabilities and technologies, the 
Administrator may seek, if necessary, adjustments to mis-
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101 
sion priorities, schedule, and scope in light of changing 
budget projections. 
‘‘§ 71733. Extrasolar planet exploration strategy 
‘‘(a) STRATEGY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
enter into an arrangement with the National Acad-
emies to develop a science strategy for the study and 
exploration of extrasolar planets, including the use 
of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, the 
James Webb Space Telescope, a potential Wide- 
Field Infrared Survey Telescope mission, or any 
other telescope, spacecraft, or instrument, as appro-
priate. 
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The strategy shall— 
‘‘(A) outline key scientific questions; 
‘‘(B) identify the most promising research 
in the field; 
‘‘(C) indicate the extent to which the mis-
sion priorities in existing decadal surveys ad-
dress the key extrasolar planet research and ex-
ploration goals; 
‘‘(D) identify opportunities for coordina-
tion with international partners, commercial 
partners, and not-for-profit partners; and 
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102 
‘‘(E) make recommendations regarding the 
activities under subparagraphs (A) through 
(D), as appropriate. 
‘‘(b) USE OF STRATEGY.—The Administrator shall 
use the strategy— 
‘‘(1) to inform roadmaps, strategic plans, and 
other activities of the Administration as they relate 
to extrasolar planet research and exploration; and 
‘‘(2) to provide a foundation for future activi-
ties and initiatives related to extrasolar planet re-
search and exploration. 
‘‘(c) REPORT
TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 18 
months after March 21, 2017, the National Academies 
shall submit to the Administrator and to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report containing the strategy 
developed under subsection (a). 
‘‘§ 71734. Astrobiology strategy 
‘‘(a) STRATEGY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 
enter into an arrangement with the National Acad-
emies to develop a science strategy for astrobiology 
that would outline key scientific questions, identify 
the most promising research in the field, and indi-
cate the extent to which the mission priorities in ex-
isting decadal surveys address the search for life’s 
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103 
origin, evolution, distribution, and future in the uni-
verse. 
‘‘(2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—The strategy shall 
include recommendations for coordination with inter-
national partners. 
‘‘(b) USE OF STRATEGY.—The Administrator shall 
use the strategy developed under subsection (a) in plan-
ning and funding research and other activities and initia-
tives in the field of astrobiology. 
‘‘(c) REPORT
TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 18 
months after March 21, 2017, the National Academies 
shall submit to the Administrator and to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report containing the strategy 
developed under subsection (a). 
‘‘§ 71735. Collaboration 
‘‘The Administration shall continue to develop first- 
of-a-kind 
instruments 
that, 
once 
proved, 
can 
be 
transitioned to other agencies for operations. Whenever re-
sponsibilities for the development of sensors or for meas-
urements are transferred to the Administration from an-
other agency, the Administration shall seek, to the extent 
possible, to be reimbursed for the assumption of such re-
sponsibilities. 
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104 
‘‘Subchapter IV—SPACE 
TECHNOLOGY 
‘‘§ 71741. Space technology infusion 
‘‘(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
that the Administrator shall develop technologies to sup-
port the Administration’s core missions, as described in 
section 2(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Authorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111– 
267, 124 Stat. 2807), and support sustained investments 
in early stage innovation, fundamental research, and tech-
nologies to expand the boundaries of the national aero-
space enterprise. 
‘‘(b) PROPULSION TECHNOLOGIES.—A goal of pro-
pulsion technologies developed under subsection (a) shall 
be to significantly reduce human travel time to Mars. 
‘‘§ 71742. Space technology program 
‘‘(a) SPACE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 
The Administrator shall conduct a space technology pro-
gram (referred to in this section as the ‘Program’) to re-
search and develop advanced space technologies that could 
deliver innovative solutions across the Administration’s 
space exploration and science missions. 
‘‘(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—In conducting the Program, 
the Administrator shall consider— 
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‘‘(1) the recommendations of the National 
Academies’ review of the Administration’s Space 
Technology roadmaps and priorities; and 
‘‘(2) the applicable enabling aspects of the step-
ping stone approach to exploration under section 
70504 of this title. 
‘‘(c) REQUIREMENTS.—In conducting the Program, 
the Administrator shall— 
‘‘(1) to the extent practicable, use a competitive 
process to select research and development projects; 
‘‘(2) to the extent practicable and appropriate, 
use small satellites and the Administration’s sub-
orbital and ground-based platforms to demonstrate 
space technology concepts and developments; and 
‘‘(3) as appropriate, partner with other Federal 
agencies, universities, private industry, and foreign 
countries. 
‘‘(d) SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS.—The Adminis-
trator shall organize and manage the Administration’s 
Small Business Innovation Research Program and Small 
Business Technology Transfer Program within the Pro-
gram. 
‘‘(e) NONDUPLICATION CERTIFICATION.—The Ad-
ministrator shall submit a budget for each fiscal year, as 
transmitted to Congress under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
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that avoids duplication of projects, programs, or missions 
conducted by the Program with other projects, programs, 
or missions conducted by another office or directorate of 
the Administration. 
‘‘(f) COLLABORATION, COORDINATION, AND ALIGN-
MENT.—The Administrator shall— 
‘‘(1) ensure that the Administration’s projects, 
programs, and activities in support of technology re-
search and development of advanced space tech-
nologies are fully coordinated and aligned; 
‘‘(2) ensure that the results of the projects, pro-
grams, and activities under paragraph (1) are 
shared and leveraged within the Administration; and 
‘‘(3) ensure that the organizational responsi-
bility for research and development activities in sup-
port of human space exploration not initiated as of 
March 21, 2017, is established on the basis of a 
sound rationale. 
‘‘(g) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Administrator shall in-
clude in the Administration’s annual budget request for 
each fiscal year the rationale for assigning organizational 
responsibility for, in the year prior to the budget fiscal 
year, each initiated project, program, and mission focused 
on research and development of advanced technologies for 
human space exploration. 
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107 
‘‘Subchapter V—MAXIMIZING 
EFFICIENCY 
‘‘Part A—Administration Informa-
tion Technology and Cybersecu-
rity 
‘‘§ 71751. Information technology governance 
‘‘The Administrator shall, in a manner that reflects 
the unique nature of the Administration’s mission and ex-
pertise— 
‘‘(1) ensure the Administration Chief Informa-
tion Officer, mission directorates, and centers have 
appropriate roles in the management, governance, 
and oversight processes related to information tech-
nology operations and investments and information 
security programs for the protection of Administra-
tion systems; 
‘‘(2) ensure the Administration Chief Informa-
tion Officer has the appropriate resources and in-
sight to oversee Administration information tech-
nology and information security operations and in-
vestments; 
‘‘(3) provide an information technology program 
management framework to increase the efficiency 
and effectiveness of information technology invest-
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108 
ments, including relying on metrics for identifying 
and reducing potential duplication, waste, and cost; 
‘‘(4) improve the operational linkage between 
the Administration Chief Information Officer and 
each Administration mission directorate, center, and 
mission support office to ensure both Administration 
and mission needs are considered in Administration- 
wide information technology and information secu-
rity management and oversight; 
‘‘(5) review the portfolio of information tech-
nology investments and spending, including informa-
tion technology-related investments included as part 
of activities within Administration mission direc-
torates that may not be considered information tech-
nology, to ensure investments are recognized and re-
ported appropriately based on guidance from the Of-
fice of Management and Budget; 
‘‘(6) consider appropriate revisions to the char-
ters of information technology boards and councils 
that inform information technology investment and 
operation decisions; and 
‘‘(7) consider whether the Administration Chief 
Information Officer should have a seat on any 
boards or councils described in paragraph (6). 
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109 
‘‘§ 71752. Information technology strategic plan 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsection (b), the 
Administrator shall develop an information technology 
strategic plan to guide Administration information tech-
nology management and strategic objectives. 
‘‘(b) REQUIREMENTS.—In developing the strategic 
plan, the Administrator shall ensure that the strategic 
plan addresses— 
‘‘(1) the deadline under section 306(a) of title 
5; and 
‘‘(2) the requirements under section 3506 of 
title 44. 
‘‘(c) CONTENTS.—The strategic plan shall address, 
in a manner that reflects the unique nature of the Admin-
istration’s mission and expertise— 
‘‘(1) near- and long-term goals and objectives 
for leveraging information technology; 
‘‘(2) a plan for how the Administration will 
submit to Congress a list of information technology 
projects, including completion dates and risk levels 
in accordance with guidance from the Office of Man-
agement and Budget; 
‘‘(3) an implementation overview for an Admin-
istration-wide approach to information technology 
investments and operations, including reducing bar-
riers to cross-center collaboration; 
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‘‘(4) coordination by the Administration Chief 
Information Officer with centers and mission direc-
torates to ensure that information technology poli-
cies are effectively and efficiently implemented 
across the Administration; 
‘‘(5) a plan to increase the efficiency and effec-
tiveness of information technology investments, in-
cluding a description of how unnecessarily duplica-
tive, wasteful, legacy, or outdated information tech-
nology across the Administration will be identified 
and eliminated, and a schedule for the identification 
and elimination of such information technology; 
‘‘(6) a plan for improving the information secu-
rity of Administration information and Administra-
tion information systems, including improving secu-
rity control assessments and role-based security 
training of employees; and 
‘‘(7) submission by the Administration to Con-
gress of information regarding high risk projects and 
cybersecurity risks. 
‘‘(d) CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT.—The Adminis-
trator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress the strategic plan under subsection (a) and any up-
dates to the strategic plan. 
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111 
‘‘§ 71753. Information security plan for cybersecurity 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
March 21, 2017, the Administrator shall implement the 
information security plan developed under subsection (b) 
and take such further actions as the Administrator con-
siders necessary to improve the information security sys-
tem in accordance with this section. 
‘‘(b) INFORMATION SECURITY PLAN.—Subject to 
subsections (c) and (d), the Administrator shall develop 
an Administration-wide information security plan to en-
hance information security for Administration information 
and information infrastructure. 
‘‘(c) REQUIREMENTS.—In developing the plan under 
subsection (b), the Administrator shall ensure that the 
plan— 
‘‘(1) reflects the unique nature of the Adminis-
tration’s mission and expertise; 
‘‘(2) is informed by policies, standards, guide-
lines, and directives on information security required 
for Federal agencies; 
‘‘(3) is consistent with the standards and guide-
lines under section 11331 of title 40; and 
‘‘(4) meets applicable National Institute of 
Standards and Technology information security 
standards and guidelines. 
‘‘(d) CONTENTS.—The plan shall address— 
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‘‘(1) an overview of the requirements of the in-
formation security system; 
‘‘(2) an Administration-wide risk management 
framework for information security; 
‘‘(3) a description of the information security 
system management controls and common controls 
that are necessary to ensure compliance with infor-
mation security-related requirements; 
‘‘(4) an identification and assignment of roles, 
responsibilities, and management commitment for 
information security at the Administration; 
‘‘(5) coordination among organizational entities, 
including between each center, facility, mission di-
rectorate, and mission support office, and among 
Administration entities responsible for different as-
pects of information security; 
‘‘(6) the need to protect the information secu-
rity of mission-critical systems and activities and 
high-impact and moderate-impact information sys-
tems; and 
‘‘(7) a schedule of frequent reviews and up-
dates, as necessary, of the plan. 
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113 
‘‘Part B—Collaboration Among Mis-
sion 
Directorates 
and 
Other 
Matters 
‘‘§ 71761. Collaboration among mission directorates 
‘‘The Administrator shall encourage an interdiscipli-
nary approach among all Administration mission direc-
torates and divisions, whenever appropriate, for projects 
or missions— 
‘‘(1) to improve coordination, and encourage 
collaboration and early planning on scope; 
‘‘(2) to determine areas of overlap or alignment; 
‘‘(3) to find ways to leverage across divisional 
perspectives to maximize outcomes; and 
‘‘(4) to be more efficient with resources and 
funds. 
‘‘§ 71762. Administration launch capabilities collabo-
ration 
‘‘The Administrator shall pursue a strategy for acqui-
sition of crewed transportation services and non-crewed 
launch services that continues to enhance communication, 
collaboration, and coordination between the Launch Serv-
ices Program and the Commercial Crew Program. 
‘‘§ 71763. Education and outreach 
‘‘The Administrator shall continue engagement with 
the public and education opportunities for students via all 
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114 
the Administration’s mission directorates to the maximum 
extent practicable. 
‘‘§ 71764. Leveraging commercial satellite servicing 
capabilities across mission directorates 
‘‘The Administrator shall— 
‘‘(1) identify orbital assets in both the Science 
Mission Directorate and the Human Exploration 
and Operations Mission Directorate that could ben-
efit from satellite servicing-related technologies; and 
‘‘(2) work across all Administration mission di-
rectorates to evaluate opportunities for the private 
sector to perform such services or advance technical 
capabilities by leveraging the technologies and tech-
niques developed by Administration programs and 
other industry programs. 
‘‘§ 71765. Flight opportunities 
‘‘(a) DEVELOPMENT OF PAYLOADS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to conduct nec-
essary research, the Administrator shall continue 
and, as the Administrator considers appropriate, ex-
pand the development of technology payloads for— 
‘‘(A) scientific research; and 
‘‘(B) investigating new or improved capa-
bilities. 
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115 
‘‘(2) FUNDS.—For the purpose of carrying out 
paragraph (1), the Administrator shall make funds 
available for— 
‘‘(A) flight testing; 
‘‘(B) payload development; and 
‘‘(C) hardware related to subparagraphs 
(A) and (B). 
‘‘(b) REAFFIRMATION OF POLICY.—Congress reaf-
firms that the Administrator should provide flight oppor-
tunities for payloads to microgravity environments and 
suborbital altitudes as authorized by section 40905 of this 
title. 
‘‘§ 71766. Space Act Agreements 
‘‘(a) FUNDED SPACE ACT AGREEMENTS.—To the ex-
tent appropriate, the Administrator shall seek to maximize 
the value of contributions provided by other parties under 
a funded Space Act Agreement in order to advance the 
Administration’s mission. 
‘‘(b) NON-EXCLUSIVITY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall, to 
the greatest extent practicable, issue each Space Act 
Agreement— 
‘‘(A) except as provided in paragraph (2), 
on a nonexclusive basis; 
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116 
‘‘(B) in a manner that ensures all non-gov-
ernment parties have equal access to Adminis-
tration resources; and 
‘‘(C) exercising reasonable care not to re-
veal unique or proprietary information. 
‘‘(2) EXCLUSIVITY.—If the Administrator de-
termines an exclusive arrangement is necessary, the 
Administrator shall, to the greatest extent prac-
ticable, issue the Space Act Agreement— 
‘‘(A) utilizing a competitive selection proc-
ess when exclusive arrangements are necessary; 
and 
‘‘(B) pursuant to public announcements 
when exclusive arrangements are necessary. 
‘‘(c) TRANSPARENCY.—The Administrator shall pub-
licly disclose on the Administration’s website and make 
available in a searchable format each Space Act Agree-
ment, including an estimate of committed Administration 
resources and the expected benefits to Administration ob-
jectives for each agreement, with appropriate redactions 
for proprietary, sensitive, or classified information, not 
later than 60 days after such agreement is signed by the 
parties. 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL REPORTS.— 
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117 
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 90 days 
after the end of each fiscal year, the Administrator 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress a report on the use of Space Act Agreement 
authority by the Administration during the previous 
fiscal year. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—The report shall include for 
each Space Act Agreement in effect at the time of 
the report— 
‘‘(A) an indication of whether the agree-
ment is a reimbursable, non-reimbursable, or 
funded Space Act Agreement; 
‘‘(B) a description of— 
‘‘(i) the subject and terms; 
‘‘(ii) the parties; 
‘‘(iii) the responsible— 
‘‘(I) mission directorate; 
‘‘(II) center; or 
‘‘(III) headquarters element; 
‘‘(iv) the value; 
‘‘(v) the extent of the cost sharing 
among Federal Government and non-Fed-
eral sources; 
‘‘(vi) the time period or schedule; and 
‘‘(vii) all milestones; and 
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118 
‘‘(C) an indication of whether the agree-
ment was renewed during the previous fiscal 
year. 
‘‘(3) ANTICIPATED AGREEMENTS.—The report 
shall include a list of all anticipated reimbursable, 
non-reimbursable, and funded Space Act Agreements 
for the upcoming fiscal year. 
‘‘(4) CUMULATIVE
PROGRAM
BENEFITS.—The 
report shall include, with respect to each Space Act 
Agreement covered by the report, a summary of— 
‘‘(A) the technology areas in which re-
search projects were conducted under that 
agreement; 
‘‘(B) the extent to which the use of that 
agreement— 
‘‘(i) has contributed to a broadening 
of the technology and industrial base avail-
able for meeting Administration needs; and 
‘‘(ii) has fostered within the tech-
nology and industrial base new relation-
ships and practices that support the 
United States; and 
‘‘(C) the total amount of value received by 
the Federal Government during the fiscal year 
under that agreement.’’. 
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119 
(2) CHAPTER HEADING TYPEFACE.—The chap-
ter heading of chapter 717 of title 51, United States 
Code, as added by paragraph (1), is amended so 
that the typeface of that chapter heading conforms 
to the typeface of other chapter headings in title 51, 
United States Code. 
(3) CHAPTER
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
TYPE-
FACE.—The chapter table of contents of chapter 717 
of title 51, United States Code, as added by para-
graph (1), is amended so that the typeface of the 
subchapter headings and the typeface of the sub-
chapter items conform to those appearing in other 
chapter table of contents of title 51. 
(4) SUBCHAPTER
HEADING
TYPEFACE.—The 
subchapter headings for subchapters I through V of 
chapter 717 of title 51, United States Code, as 
added by paragraph (1), are amended so that the 
typeface of those subchapter headings conforms to 
the typeface of subchapter headings in other chap-
ters of title 51, United States Code. 
(aa) COMMITTEE NAME CHANGE.— 
(1) Section 20117(1) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
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120 
(2) Section 311 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2000 
(Public Law 106–391, 51 U.S.C. 20143 note) is 
amended— 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittees on Science and Appropriations’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology and the Committee on Appropria-
tions’’. 
(3) Section 30303(b) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(4) Section 30305(c) (matter before paragraph 
(1)) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology’’. 
(5) Section 203(b) of the America COMPETES 
Reauthorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–358, 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 30501) is amended by striking 
‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
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121 
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(6) Section 30501(a) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(7) Section 30502 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’; and 
(B) in subsection (d) (matter before para-
graph (1)), by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(8) Section 30503(c) (matter before paragraph 
(1)) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology’’. 
(9) Section 102 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109–155, 51 U.S.C. note prec. 49901 
(formerly 40901)) is amended by striking ‘‘Com-
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122 
mittee on Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’ in the following 
provisions: 
(A) Subsection (a)(2)(A). 
(B) Subsection (a)(2)(B). 
(C) Subsection (b) (matter before para-
graph (1)). 
(D) Subsection (c)(3). 
(E) Subsection (d). 
(F) Subsection (e)(2) (matter before sub-
paragraph (A)). 
(10) Section 49906(b) (matter before para-
graph (1)) of title 51, United States Code (as redes-
ignated by subsection (n)(3)), is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ and in-
serting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(11) Section 50134(b)(1) (matter before sub-
paragraph (A)) of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science and 
Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology’’. 
(12) Section 50505(a) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
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123 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(13) Section 50703 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(14) Section 621(b) (matter before paragraph 
(1)) of the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis-
tration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110– 
422, 51 U.S.C. 50903 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(15) Section 50906(a) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on 
Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology’’. 
(16) Section 50914(d)(1) of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on 
Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology’’. 
(17) Section 60505(b) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science 
and Technology’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
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124 
(18) Section 502 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109–155, 51 U.S.C. 70501 note) is 
amended— 
(A) in subsection (b) (matter before para-
graph (1)), by striking ‘‘Committee on Science’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology’’; and 
(B) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘Com-
mittee on Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
(19) Section 313(c) of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2000 
(Public Law 106–391, 51 U.S.C. 70506 note) is 
amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(20) Section 203(b) of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2000 
(Public Law 106–391, 51 U.S.C. 70901 note) is 
amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Science’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology’’. 
(21) Section 205(b) (matter before paragraph 
(1)) of the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis-
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125 
tration Authorization Act of 2000 (Public Law 106– 
391, 51 U.S.C. 70901 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘Committee on Science’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology’’. 
SEC. 4. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS. 
(a) TITLE 5, UNITED STATES CODE.—Section 914 
of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2005 (Public Law 108–375, 5 U.S.C. 
552 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by striking ‘‘the 
Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 
5601 et seq.);’’ and inserting ‘‘chapter 601 of title 
51, United States Code;’’; and 
(2) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘section 3 of 
the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 
U.S.C. 5602).’’ and inserting ‘‘section 60101 of title 
51, United States Code.’’. 
(b) TITLE 28, UNITED STATES CODE.— 
(1) The chapter table of contents of chapter 
123 of title 28, United States Code, is amended in 
the item for section 1932 (relating to revocation of 
earned release credit) by striking ‘‘1932’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘1933’’. 
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126 
(2) Section 1932 of title 28, United States 
Code (relating to revocation of earned release cred-
it), is redesignated as section 1933 of that title. 
(c) TITLE 31, UNITED STATES CODE.—Section 1(4) 
of Public Law 107–74 (31 U.S.C. 1113 note), is amended 
by striking ‘‘Section 206 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2476).’’ and inserting ‘‘Sec-
tion 20116 of title 51, United States Code.’’. 
(d) TITLE 36, UNITED STATES CODE.—The title 
table of contents of title 36, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) in the item for chapter 23, by striking 
‘‘Council’’ and inserting ‘‘Museum’’; and 
(2) in the item for chapter 307, by striking 
‘‘For’’ and inserting ‘‘for’’. 
(e) TITLE 42, UNITED STATES CODE.— 
(1) Section 602(b)(1) of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18362(b)(1)) is amended by 
striking ‘‘section 302 of this Act.’’ and inserting 
‘‘section 71521 of title 51, United States Code.’’. 
(2) Section 603 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 18363) is amended— 
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130 
18323(b)(3))’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘section 
71522(b)(3) of title 51, United States 
Code,’’; and 
(B) in subsection (h)(1), by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 302(c) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 
2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)).’’ and inserting 
‘‘section 71521(c) of title 51, United States 
Code.’’. 
(5) Section 20302(c) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘section 
303 of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18323).’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71522 
of this title.’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘means has the mean-
ing’’ and inserting ‘‘has the meaning’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘section 3 of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
18302).’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71501 of 
this title.’’. 
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131 
(6) Section 10811 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022 
(Public Law 117–167, 51 U.S.C. 20302 note) is 
amended— 
(A) in subsection (a)(2)(A), by striking 
‘‘section 432 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Transition Authorization 
Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–10; 51 U.S.C. 
20302 note);’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of 
title 51, United States Code;’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b)(2)(C)(ii), by striking 
‘‘section 432 of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Transition Authorization 
Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–10; 51 U.S.C. 
20302 note);’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of 
title 51, United States Code;’’. 
(7) Section 837(a)(4) of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Transition Au-
thorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–10, 51 
U.S.C. 31502 note) is amended by striking ‘‘section 
432 of this Act,’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of 
title 51, United States Code,’’. 
(8) Section 202 of the National Space Grant 
College and Fellowship Act (Public Law 100–147, 
title II, 51 U.S.C. 40301 note) is amended— 
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132 
(A) by striking ‘‘The Congress finds’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(a) Congress finds’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) The definitions in section 40302 of title 51, 
United States Code, apply in this section.’’. 
(9) Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(A) in subparagraph (E), by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 301(b)(2) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Transition Authorization 
Act of 2017;’’ and inserting ‘‘section 70912(2) 
of this title;’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (G), by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 432 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Transition Authorization Act of 
2017;’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of this 
title;’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (J) (matter before 
clause (i)), by striking ‘‘section 503 of the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353),’’ 
and inserting ‘‘section 70910 of this title,’’. 
(10) Section 302(c)(1) of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Transition Au-
thorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–10, 51 
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133 
U.S.C. 50111 note) is amended by striking ‘‘(42 
U.S.C. 18301 et seq.);’’ and inserting ‘‘(Public Law 
111–267, 124 Stat. 2805);’’. 
(11) Section 303(b)(2) of the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration Transition Au-
thorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–10, 51 
U.S.C. 50111 note) is amended by striking ‘‘section 
432 of this Act.’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of 
title 51, United States Code.’’. 
(12) Section 501 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal 
Year 1993 (Public Law 102–588, 51 U.S.C. 50501 
note) is amended by striking ‘‘The Congress finds 
that—’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—The definitions in section 50501 
of title 51, United States Code, apply in this section. 
‘‘(b) IN GENERAL.—Congress finds that—’’. 
(13) Section 70104 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘section 302 of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Au-
thorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322).’’ and in-
serting ‘‘section 71521 of this title.’’. 
(14) Section 70501(a)(2) of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘section 421(f) 
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
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134 
tion Transition Authorization Act of 2017’’ and in-
serting ‘‘section 71711(c) of this title’’. 
(15) Section 70504(a) of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘section 
202(b)(5) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 
2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312(b)(5));’’ and inserting 
‘‘section 71512(b)(5) of this title;’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘section 
432 of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Transition Authorization Act of 
2017.’’ and inserting ‘‘section 71721 of this 
title.’’. 
SEC. 5. TRANSITIONAL AND SAVINGS PROVISIONS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) RESTATED PROVISION.—The term ‘‘restated 
provision’’ means a provision of title 51, United 
States Code, that is enacted by section 3. 
(2) SOURCE
PROVISION.—The term ‘‘source 
provision’’ means a provision of law that is replaced 
by a restated provision. 
(b) CUTOFF DATE.—The restated provisions replace 
certain provisions of law enacted on or before April 10, 
2025. If a law enacted after that date amends or repeals 
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135 
a source provision, that law is deemed to amend or repeal, 
as the case may be, the corresponding restated provision. 
If a law enacted after that date is otherwise inconsistent 
with a restated provision or a provision of this Act, that 
law supersedes the restated provision or provision of this 
Act to the extent of the inconsistency. 
(c) ORIGINAL DATE OF ENACTMENT UNCHANGED.— 
A restated provision is deemed to have been enacted on 
the date of enactment of the corresponding source provi-
sion. 
(d) REFERENCES
TO RESTATED PROVISIONS.—A 
reference to a restated provision is deemed to refer to the 
corresponding source provision. 
(e) REFERENCES TO SOURCE PROVISIONS.—A ref-
erence to a source provision, including a reference in a 
regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the 
corresponding restated provision. 
(f) REGULATIONS, ORDERS, AND OTHER ADMINIS-
TRATIVE ACTIONS.—A regulation, order, or other admin-
istrative action in effect under a source provision con-
tinues in effect under the corresponding restated provi-
sion. 
(g) ACTIONS TAKEN AND OFFENSES COMMITTED.— 
An action taken or an offense committed under a source 
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136 
provision is deemed to have been taken or committed 
under the corresponding restated provision. 
SEC. 6. REPEALS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The provisions of law listed in 
subsection (b) are repealed, except with respect to rights 
and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, or 
proceedings that were begun before the date of enactment 
of this Act. 
(b) SCHEDULE OF LAWS REPEALED.—The repealed 
provisions referred to in subsection (a) are listed in the 
table below. 
Schedule of Laws Repealed 
Act 
Section 
United States Code Former Classi-
fication 
National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration 
Authorization 
Act, 
Fiscal Year 1989 (Public Law 
100–685) 
104 
31 U.S.C. 1105 note 
National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration 
Authorization 
Act, 
Fiscal Year 1993 (Public Law 
102–588) 
210 
51 U.S.C. 30103 note 
National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Authorization Act of 
2010 (Public Law 111–267) 
201 
42 U.S.C. 18311 
202 
42 U.S.C. 18312 
301(b) 
42 U.S.C. 18321(b) 
302 
42 U.S.C. 18322 
303 
42 U.S.C. 18323 
304 
42 U.S.C. 18324 
305 
42 U.S.C. 18325 
308 
42 U.S.C. 18326 
401 
42 U.S.C. 18341 
403 
42 U.S.C. 18342 
501 
42 U.S.C. 18351 
502 
42 U.S.C. 18352 
503(a) 
42 U.S.C. 18353(a) 
503(d) 
42 U.S.C. 18353(d) 
503(e) 
42 U.S.C. 18353(e) 
503(f) 
42 U.S.C. 18353(f) 
504 
42 U.S.C. 18354 
702 
42 U.S.C. 18371 
703 
42 U.S.C. 18372 
704 
42 U.S.C. 18373 
706 
42 U.S.C. 18374 
801 
42 U.S.C. 18381 
802(b) through (e) 
42 U.S.C. 18382(b) through (e) 
804 
42 U.S.C. 18383 
805 
42 U.S.C. 18384 
806(b), (c) 
42 U.S.C. 18385(b), (c) 
807 
42 U.S.C. 18386 
808 
42 U.S.C. 18387 
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Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued 
Act 
Section 
United States Code Former Classi-
fication 
902 
42 U.S.C. 18401 
903 
42 U.S.C. 18402 
904 
42 U.S.C. 18403 
906 
42 U.S.C. 18404 
907 
42 U.S.C. 18405 
1202(b) 
42 U.S.C. 18441(b) 
1203(b) 
42 U.S.C. 18442(b) 
1206 
42 U.S.C. 18444 
1207 
42 U.S.C. 18445 
America COMPETES Reauthoriza-
tion Act of 2010 (Public Law 
111–358) 
202(b) 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 40901 
203(c) 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 30501 
204(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20303 note 
National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 
112–239) 
913(a), (b) 
51 U.S.C. 30701 note 
Science Appropriations Act, 2013 
(Public Law 113–6, div. B, title 
III) 
(1st, 2d provisos under heading 
‘‘CONSTRUCTION
AND
ENVIRON-
MENTAL COMPLIANCE AND RES-
TORATION’’, at 127 Stat. 263) 
51 U.S.C. 20145 note 
Inspiring the Next Space Pioneers, 
Innovators, Researchers, and Ex-
plorers (INSPIRE) Women Act 
(Public Law 115–7) 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 40901 
National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration Transition Authoriza-
tion Act of 2017 (Public Law 
115–10) 
301(b) 
51 U.S.C. 50111 note 
301(c) 
42 U.S.C. 18351, 51 U.S.C. 50111 
note 
302(d) 
42 U.S.C. 18311, 51 U.S.C. 50111 
note 
302(e) 
51 U.S.C. 50111 note 
302(f) 
42 U.S.C. 18341, 51 U.S.C. 50111 
note 
302(g) 
51 U.S.C. 50111 note 
302(h)(2) 
51 U.S.C. 50111 note 
421(b)(2) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
421(d) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
421(f) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
421(g) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
432(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20302 note 
501(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
502(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
508 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
509 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
517 
51 U.S.C. 20113 note 
701(c) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
701(d) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(a) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(c) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(d) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(e) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(f)(1) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
702(h) 
51 U.S.C. 20301 note 
811(a) 
51 U.S.C. 20111 note 
812 
51 U.S.C. 20111 note 
813(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20111 note 
821 
51 U.S.C. 20111 note 
822(c) 
51 U.S.C. 50131 note 
824(b)(1) 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 40901 
825(c) 
51 U.S.C. 50131 note 
826 
51 U.S.C. 70102 note 
837(b) 
51 U.S.C. 31502 note 
837(c) 
51 U.S.C. 31502 note 
837(d) 
51 U.S.C. 31502 note 
837(e) 
51 U.S.C. 31502 note 
841(b) 
51 U.S.C. 20113 note 
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Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued 
Act 
Section 
United States Code Former Classi-
fication 
841(c) 
51 U.S.C. 20113 note 
841(d) 
51 U.S.C. 20113 note 
841(e) 
51 U.S.C. 20113 note 
Women in Aerospace Education Act 
(Public Law 115–303) 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 40901 
William M. (Mac) Thornberry Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 
116–283) 
9406 
51 U.S.C. note prec. 40901 
Æ 
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