882 
the owner, director, or agent of any railroad, know-
ingly transports any timber so cut or removed, or 
lumber manufactured from that timber; 
shall be imprisoned not more than one year. 
‘‘(b) EXCLUSION.—This section does not prevent any 
miner or agriculturist from clearing land in the ordinary 
working of the miner’s mining claim, or in the preparation 
of the agriculturalist’s farm for tillage, or from taking the 
timber necessary to support improvements, or the taking 
of timber for the use of the United States; nor shall it 
interfere with or take away any right or privilege under 
any existing law of the United States to cut or remove 
timber from any public lands. 
‘‘§ 1212. Trees cut or injured 
‘‘Whoever knowingly and without authority cuts, in-
jures, or destroys any tree growing, standing, or being 
upon any land of the United States which, in pursuance 
of law, has been reserved or purchased by the United 
States for any public use, or upon any Indian reservation, 
or lands belonging to or occupied by any tribe of Indians 
under the authority of the United States, or any Indian 
allotment while the title to the same shall be held in trust 
by the Government, or while the same shall remain in-
alienable by the allottee without the consent of the United 
States, shall be imprisoned not more than one year. 
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‘‘§ 1213. Timber set afire 
‘‘(a) OFFENSE.—Whoever, knowingly and without 
authority, sets on fire any timber, underbrush, or grass 
or other inflammable material upon the public domain or 
upon any lands owned or leased by or under the partial, 
concurrent, or exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, 
or under contract for purchase or for the acquisition of 
which condemnation proceedings have been instituted, or 
upon any Indian reservation or lands belonging to or occu-
pied by any tribe or group of Indians under authority of 
the United States, or upon any Indian allotment while the 
title to the same shall be held in trust by the Government, 
or while the same shall remain inalienable by the allottee 
without the consent of the United States, shall be impris-
oned not more than five years. 
‘‘(b) EXCLUSION.—This section does not apply in the 
case of a fire set by an allottee in the reasonable exercise 
of his proprietary rights in the allotment. 
‘‘§ 1214. Fires left unattended and unextinguished 
‘‘Whoever, having kindled or caused to be kindled, a 
fire in or near any forest, timber, or other inflammable 
material upon any lands owned, controlled or leased by, 
or under the partial, concurrent, or exclusive jurisdiction 
of the United States, including lands under contract for 
purchase or for the acquisition of which condemnation 
proceedings have been instituted, and including any In-
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dian reservation or lands belonging to or occupied by any 
tribe or group of Indians under the authority of the 
United States, or any Indian allotment while the title to 
the same is held in trust by the United States, or while 
the same shall remain inalienable by the allottee without 
the consent of the United States, leaves said fire without 
totally extinguishing the same, or permits or suffers the 
fire to burn or spread beyond his control, or leaves or suf-
fers the fire to burn unattended, shall be imprisoned not 
more than six months. 
‘‘§ 1215. Trespass on national forest lands 
‘‘Whoever, without authority goes upon any national 
forest land while it is closed to the public pursuant to law-
ful regulation of the Secretary of Agriculture, shall be im-
prisoned not more than six months. 
‘‘§ 1216. Hazardous or injurious devices on Federal 
lands 
‘‘(a) ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE.—Whoever— 
‘‘(1) with the intent to violate the Controlled 
Substances Act, 
‘‘(2) with the intent to obstruct or harass the 
harvesting of timber, or 
‘‘(3) with reckless disregard to the risk that an-
other person will be placed in danger of death or 
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bodily injury and under circumstances manifesting 
extreme indifference to such risk, 
uses a hazardous or injurious device on Federal land, on 
an Indian reservation, or on an Indian allotment while the 
title to such allotment is held in trust by the United States 
or while such allotment remains inalienable by the allottee 
without the consent of the United States shall be punished 
under subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) PUNISHMENT.—An individual who violates sub-
section (a) shall— 
‘‘(1) if death of an individual results, be impris-
oned for any term of years or for life; 
‘‘(2) if serious bodily injury to any individual 
results, be imprisoned for not more than 40 years; 
‘‘(3) if bodily injury to any individual results, 
be imprisoned for not more than 20 years; 
‘‘(4) if damage to the property of any individual 
results or if avoidance costs have been incurred ex-
ceeding $10,000, in the aggregate, be imprisoned for 
not more than 20 years; and 
‘‘(5) in any other case, be imprisoned for not 
more than one year. 
‘‘(c) INCREASED PUNISHMENT.—Any individual who 
is punished under subsection (b)(5) after one or more 
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prior convictions under any such subsection shall be im-
prisoned for not more than 20 years. 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘hazardous or injurious device’ 
means a device, which when assembled or placed, is 
capable of causing bodily injury, or damage to prop-
erty, by the action of any person making contact 
with such device subsequent to the assembly or 
placement. Such term includes guns attached to trip 
wires or other triggering mechanisms, ammunition 
attached to trip wires or other triggering mecha-
nisms, or explosive devices attached to trip wires or 
other triggering mechanisms, sharpened stakes, lines 
or wires, lines or wires with hooks attached, nails 
placed so that the sharpened ends are positioned in 
an upright manner, or tree spiking devices including 
spikes, nails, or other objects hammered, driven, fas-
tened, or otherwise placed into or on any timber, 
whether or not severed from the stump; and 
‘‘(2) the term ‘avoidance costs’ means costs in-
curred by any individual for the purpose of— 
‘‘(A) detecting a hazardous or injurious de-
vice; or 
‘‘(B) preventing death, serious bodily in-
jury, bodily injury, or property damage likely to 
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result from the use of a hazardous or injurious 
device in violation of subsection (a). 
‘‘(e) CIVIL ACTION.—Any person injured as the re-
sult of a violation of subsection (a) may commence a civil 
action on his own behalf against any person who is alleged 
to be in violation of subsection (a). The district courts 
shall have jurisdiction, without regard to the amount in 
controversy or the citizenship of the parties, in such civil 
actions. The court may award, in addition to monetary 
damages for any injury resulting from an alleged violation 
of subsection (a), costs of litigation, including reasonable 
attorney and expert witness fees, to any prevailing or sub-
stantially prevailing party, whenever the court determines 
such award is appropriate. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER P—RESTRICTED BUILDING OR 
GROUNDS 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘1221. Restricted building or grounds. 
‘‘§ 1221. Restricted building or grounds 
‘‘(a) PROHIBITIONS.—Whoever— 
‘‘(1) knowingly enters or remains in any re-
stricted building or grounds; 
‘‘(2) knowingly, and with intent to impede or 
disrupt the orderly conduct of Government business 
or official functions, engages in disorderly or disrup-
tive conduct in, or within such proximity to, any re-
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stricted building or grounds when, or so that, such 
conduct, in fact, impedes or disrupts the orderly con-
duct of Government business or official functions; 
‘‘(3) knowingly obstructs or impedes ingress or 
egress to or from any restricted building, grounds; 
or 
‘‘(4) knowingly engages in any act of physical 
violence against any person or property in any re-
stricted building or grounds; 
shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) PUNISHMENT.—Violation of this section shall be 
punishable by— 
‘‘(1) imprisonment for not more than 10 years, 
if— 
‘‘(A) the person, during and in relation to 
the offense, uses or carries a deadly or dan-
gerous weapon or firearm; or 
‘‘(B) the offense results in serious bodily 
injury or substantial bodily injury; and 
‘‘(2) imprisonment for not more than one year, 
in any other case. 
‘‘(c) PLACE OF PROSECUTION.—Violation of this sec-
tion, and attempts or conspiracies to commit such viola-
tions, shall be prosecuted by the United States attorney 
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in the Federal district court having jurisdiction of the 
place where the offense occurred. 
‘‘(d) EFFECT ON STATE LAW.—None of the laws of 
the United States or of the several States and the District 
of Columbia are superseded by this section. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘other person protected by the 
Secret Service’ means any person whom the United 
States Secret Service is authorized to protect under 
section 3056 when such person has not declined 
such protection; and 
‘‘(2) the term ‘restricted buildings or grounds’ 
means a posted, cordoned off, or otherwise restricted 
area of a building or grounds— 
‘‘(A) where the President or other person 
protected by the Secret Service is or will be 
temporarily visiting; or 
‘‘(B) so restricted in conjunction with an 
event designated as a special event of national 
significance. 
‘‘CHAPTER 31—INTERNATIONAL LAW 
CRIMES 
‘‘Subchapter 
‘‘A. Piracy and privateering 
‘‘B. Peonage, slavery, and trafficking in persons Assault 
‘‘C. Genocide 
‘‘D. Torture 
‘‘E. War crimes 
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‘‘SUBCHAPTER A—PIRACY AND PRIVATEERING 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘1251. Piracy under law of nations. 
‘‘§ 1251. Piracy under law of nations 
‘‘Whoever, on the high seas, commits the crime of pi-
racy as defined by the law of nations, and is afterwards 
brought into or found in the United States, shall be im-
prisoned for life. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER B—PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND 
TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘1261. Peonage. 
‘‘1262. Sale into involuntary servitude. 
‘‘1263. Forced labor. 
‘‘1264. Trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or 
forced labor. 
‘‘1265. Sex trafficking of children or by force, fraud, or coercion. 
‘‘1266. Unlawful conduct with respect to documents in furtherance of traf-
ficking, peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor. 
‘‘1267. Civil remedy. 
‘‘§ 1261. Peonage 
‘‘Whoever holds or returns any person to a condition 
of peonage, or arrests any person with the intent of plac-
ing him in or returning him to a condition of peonage, 
shall be imprisoned not more than 20 years. If death re-
sults from the violation of this section, or if the violation 
includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated 
sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual 
abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be impris-
oned for any term of years or life. 
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‘‘§ 1262. Sale into involuntary servitude 
‘‘Whoever knowingly holds to involuntary servitude or 
sells into any condition of involuntary servitude, any other 
person for any term, or brings within the United States 
any person so held, shall be imprisoned not more than 20 
years. If death results from the violation of this section, 
or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to 
kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit 
aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defend-
ant shall be imprisoned for any term of years or life. 
‘‘§ 1263. Forced labor 
‘‘(a) Whoever knowingly provides or obtains the labor 
or services of a person by any one of, or by any combina-
tion of, the following means— 
‘‘(1) by means of force, threats of force, phys-
ical restraint, or threats of physical restraint to that 
person or another person; 
‘‘(2) by means of serious harm or threats of se-
rious harm to that person or another person; 
‘‘(3) by means of the abuse or threatened abuse 
of law or legal process; or 
‘‘(4) by means of any scheme, plan, or pattern 
intended to cause the person to believe that, if that 
person did not perform such labor or services, that 
person or another person would suffer serious harm 
or physical restraint, 
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shall be punished as provided under subsection (d). 
‘‘(b) Whoever knowingly benefits, financially or by re-
ceiving anything of value, from participation in a venture 
which has engaged in the providing or obtaining of labor 
or services by any of the means described in subsection 
(a), knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that the 
venture has engaged in the providing or obtaining of labor 
or services by any of such means, shall be punished as 
provided in subsection (d). 
‘‘(c) In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘abuse or threatened abuse of 
law or legal process’ means the use or threatened 
use of a law or legal process, whether administrative, 
civil, or criminal, in any manner or for any purpose 
for which the law was not designed, in order to exert 
pressure on another person to cause that person to 
take some action or refrain from taking some action. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘serious harm’ means any harm, 
whether physical or nonphysical, including psycho-
logical, financial, or reputational harm, that is suffi-
ciently serious, under all the surrounding cir-
cumstances, to compel a reasonable person of the 
same background and in the same circumstances to 
perform or to continue performing labor or services 
in order to avoid incurring that harm. 
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harbors, transports, provides, obtains, or maintains 
by any means a person; or 
‘‘(2) benefits, financially or by receiving any-
thing of value, from participation in a venture which 
has engaged in an act described in violation of para-
graph (1), 
knowing, or in reckless disregard of the fact, that means 
of force, threats of force, fraud, coercion described in sub-
section (e)(2), or any combination of such means will be 
used to cause the person to engage in a commercial sex 
act, or that the person has not attained the age of 18 
years and will be caused to engage in a commercial sex 
act, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) PUNISHMENT.—The punishment for an offense 
under subsection (a) is— 
‘‘(1) if the offense was effected by means of 
force, threats of force, fraud, or coercion described 
in subsection (e)(2), or by any combination of such 
means, or if the person recruited, enticed, harbored, 
transported, provided, or obtained had not attained 
the age of 14 years at the time of such offense, by 
a fine under this title or imprisonment for any term 
of years or for life, or both; or 
‘‘(2) if the offense was not so effected, and the 
person recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, 
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provided, or obtained had attained the age of 14 
years but had not attained the age of 18 years at 
the time of such offense, by a fine under this title 
or imprisonment for not more than 40 years, or 
both. 
‘‘(c) STATE OF MIND REQUIREMENT.—In a prosecu-
tion under subsection (a)(1) in which the defendant had 
a reasonable opportunity to observe the person so re-
cruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, obtained 
or maintained, the Government need not prove that the 
defendant knew that the person had not attained the age 
of 18 years. 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘abuse or threatened abuse of law 
or legal process’ means the use or threatened use of 
a law or legal process, whether administrative, civil, 
or criminal, in any manner or for any purpose for 
which the law was not designed, in order to exert 
pressure on another person to cause that person to 
take some action or refrain from taking some action; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘coercion’ means— 
‘‘(A) threats of serious harm to or physical 
restraint against any person; 
‘‘(B) any scheme, plan, or pattern intended 
to cause a person to believe that failure to per-
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form an act would result in serious harm to or 
physical restraint against any person; or 
‘‘(C) the abuse or threatened abuse of law 
or the legal process; and 
‘‘(3) the term ‘commercial sex act’ means any 
sex act, on account of which anything of value is 
given to or received by any person; 
‘‘(4) the term ‘serious harm’ means any harm, 
whether physical or nonphysical, including psycho-
logical, financial, or reputational harm, that is suffi-
ciently serious, under all the surrounding cir-
cumstances, to compel a reasonable person of the 
same background and in the same circumstances to 
perform or to continue performing commercial sex-
ual activity in order to avoid incurring that harm; 
‘‘(5) the term ‘venture’ means any group of two 
or more individuals associated in fact, whether or 
not a legal entity. 
‘‘§ 1266. Unlawful conduct with respect to documents 
in furtherance of trafficking, peonage, 
slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced 
labor 
‘‘(a) OFFENSE.—Whoever knowingly destroys, con-
ceals, removes, confiscates, or possesses any actual or pur-
ported passport or other immigration document, or any 
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other actual or purported government identification docu-
ment, of another person— 
‘‘(1) in the course of a violation of section 
1261, 1262, 1263, 1264, or 1265; 
‘‘(2) with intent to violate section 1261, 1262, 
1263, 1264, or 1265; or 
‘‘(3) to prevent or restrict or to attempt to pre-
vent or restrict, without lawful authority, the per-
son’s liberty to move or travel, in order to maintain 
the labor or services of that person, when the person 
is or has been a victim of a severe form of traf-
ficking in persons, as defined in section 103 of the 
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, 
shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years. 
‘‘(b) EXCLUSION.—Subsection (a) does not apply to 
the conduct of a person who is or has been a victim of 
a severe form of trafficking in persons, as defined in sec-
tion 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000, if that conduct is caused by, or incident to, that 
trafficking. 
‘‘§ 1267. Civil remedy 
‘‘(a) CIVIL ACTION.—An individual who is a victim 
of a violation of this subchapter may bring a civil action 
against the perpetrator (or whoever knowingly benefits, fi-
nancially or by receiving anything of value from participa-
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tion in a venture which that person knew or should have 
known has engaged in an act in violation of this sub-
chapter) in an appropriate district court of the United 
States and may recover damages and reasonable attorneys 
fees. 
‘‘(b) STAY.—(1) Any civil action filed under this sec-
tion shall be stayed during the pendency of any criminal 
action arising out of the same occurrence in which the 
claimant is the victim. 
‘‘(2) In this subsection, a ‘criminal action’ includes 
investigation and prosecution and is pending until final 
adjudication in the trial court. 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION.—No action may be maintained 
under this section unless it is commenced not later than 
10 years after the cause of action arose. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER C—GENOCIDE 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘1281. Genocide. 
‘‘1282. Definitions. 
‘‘§ 1281. Genocide 
‘‘(a) BASIC OFFENSE.—Whoever, whether in time of 
peace or in time of war and with the specific intent to 
destroy, in whole or in substantial part, a national, ethnic, 
racial, or religious group as such— 
‘‘(1) kills members of that group; 
‘‘(2) causes serious bodily injury to members of 
that group; 
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‘‘(3) causes the permanent impairment of the 
mental faculties of members of the group through 
drugs, torture, or similar techniques; 
‘‘(4) subjects the group to conditions of life that 
are intended to cause the physical destruction of the 
group in whole or in part; 
‘‘(5) imposes measures intended to prevent 
births within the group; or 
‘‘(6) transfers by force children of the group to 
another group; 
shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) PUNISHMENT FOR BASIC OFFENSE.—The pun-
ishment for an offense under subsection (a) is— 
‘‘(1) in the case of an offense under subsection 
(a)(1), where death results, by death or imprison-
ment for life and a fine of not more than 
$1,000,000, or both; and 
‘‘(2) in any other case, a fine of not more than 
$1,000,000 or imprisonment for not more than 
twenty years, or both. 
‘‘(c) INCITEMENT OFFENSE.—Whoever directly and 
publicly incites another to violate subsection (a) shall be 
imprisoned not more than five years. 
‘‘(d) JURISDICTION.—There is jurisdiction over the 
offenses described in subsections (a) and (c) if— 
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