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•HRES 1512 EH 
PRC companies (including United States compa-
nies) including the Government of the PRC’s con-
tinued efforts to codify informal practices into its 
domestic law. 
(B) The strategy required by subsection 
(c)(1)(A). 
(C) An interagency definition of PRC coercive 
economic practices that captures both— 
(i) the use of informal or extralegal PRC 
coercive economic practices; and 
(ii) the inappropriate use of economic 
tools, including those authorized under the 
laws and regulations of the PRC. 
(D) A comprehensive review of the array of 
tools the United States Government employs or 
could employ to respond to economic coercion 
against the government, companies, and other enti-
ties of the United States or its allies and partners. 
(E) A list of unilateral or multilateral— 
(i) preemptive practices to defend or deter 
against PRC coercive economic practices; and 
(ii) actions taken in response to the Gov-
ernment of the PRC’s general use of coercive 
economic practices, including the imposition of 
costs on the PRC.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(F) An assessment of United States allies and 
partners key vulnerabilities to PRC coercive eco-
nomic practices. 
(G) A description of gaps in existing resources 
or capabilities for United States Government de-
partments and agencies to respond effectively to 
PRC coercive economic practices directed at United 
States entities and assist United States allies and 
partners in their responses to PRC coercive eco-
nomic practices. 
(H) An analysis of the circumstances under 
which the PRC employs different types of economic 
coercion and against what kinds of targets. 
(I) An assessment of United States and inter-
national rules and norms as well as any treaty obli-
gations the PRC has stretched, circumvented, or 
broken through its economically coercive practices 
and the United States response in each instance. 
(2) INTERIM REPORTS.— 
(A) FIRST INTERIM REPORT.—Not later than 
1 year after the date on which the report required 
by paragraph (1) is submitted to Congress, the 
Task Force shall submit to Congress a report that 
includes the following elements:
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(i) Updates to information required by 
subparagraphs (A) through (G) of paragraph 
(1). 
(ii) A description of activities conducted 
by the Task Force to implement the strategy 
required by subsection (c)(1)(A). 
(iii) An assessment of the implementation 
and effectiveness of the strategy, lessons 
learned from the past year and planned 
changes to the strategy. 
(B) SECOND
INTERIM
REPORT.—Not later 
than 1 year after the date on which the report re-
quired by subparagraph (A) is submitted to Con-
gress, the Task Force shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report that in-
cludes an update to the elements required under the 
report required by subparagraph (A). 
(3) FINAL REPORT.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date on which the report required by paragraph 
(2)(B) is submitted to Congress, the Task Force shall 
submit to Congress a final report that includes the fol-
lowing elements: 
(A) An analysis of PRC coercive economic 
practices and the cost of such coercive practices to 
United States businesses.
2031 
•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) A description of areas of possible vulner-
ability for United States businesses and businesses 
of United States partners and allies. 
(C) Recommendations on how to continue the 
effort to counter PRC coercive economic practices, 
including through further coordination with United 
States allies and partners. 
(D) Illustrative examples. 
(4) FORM.—The reports required by this subsection 
shall be submitted in classified form, but may include an 
unclassified summary. 
(f) SUNSET.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Task Force shall terminate 
at the end of the 60-day period beginning on the date 
on which the final report required by subsection (e)(3) 
is submitted to Congress. 
(2) ADDITIONAL
ACTIONS.—The Task force may 
use the 60-day period referred to in paragraph (1) for 
the purposes of concluding its activities, including pro-
viding testimony to Congress concerning the final report 
required by subsection (e)(3). 
(g) ASSISTANCE FOR COUNTRIES AND ENTITIES TAR-
GETED BY THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR ECO-
NOMIC COERCION.—The Secretary of State, the Adminis-
trator of the United States Agency for International Develop-
2032 
•HRES 1512 EH 
ment, the United States International Development Finance 
Corporation, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary 
of the Treasury shall provide appropriate assistance to coun-
tries and entities that are subject to coercive economic prac-
tices by the People’s Republic of China. 
SEC. 5515. CHINA CENSORSHIP MONITOR AND ACTION GROUP. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
The 
term 
‘‘appropriate 
congressional 
committees’’ 
means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives. 
(2) QUALIFIED
RESEARCH
ENTITY.—The term 
‘‘qualified research entity’’ means an entity that— 
(A) is a nonpartisan research organization or 
a Federally funded research and development cen-
ter; 
(B) has appropriate expertise and analytical 
capability to write the report required under sub-
section (c); and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(C) is free from any financial, commercial, or 
other entanglements, which could undermine the 
independence of such report or create a conflict of 
interest or the appearance of a conflict of interest, 
with— 
(i) the Government of the People’s Repub-
lic of China; 
(ii) the Chinese Communist Party; 
(iii) any company incorporated in the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China or a subsidiary of such 
company; or 
(iv) any company or entity incorporated 
outside of the People’s Republic of China that 
is believed to have a substantial financial or 
commercial interest in the People’s Republic of 
China. 
(3) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term ‘‘United 
States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
admitted for permanent residence to the United 
States; or 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(b) 
CHINA
CENSORSHIP
MONITOR
AND
ACTION 
GROUP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall establish an 
interagency task force, which shall be known as the 
‘‘China Censorship Monitor and Action Group’’ (referred 
to in this subsection as the ‘‘Task Force’’). 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The President shall take the 
following actions with respect to the membership of, and 
participation in, the Task Force: 
(A) Appoint the chair of the Task Force from 
among the staff of the National Security Council. 
(B) Appoint the vice chair of the Task Force 
from among the staff of the National Economic 
Council. 
(C) Determine the Federal departments and 
agencies that will serve on the Task Force, and di-
rect the head of those agencies to appoint personnel 
at the level of Assistant Secretary or above to par-
ticipate in the Task Force. 
(3) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Task Force shall— 
(A) oversee the development and execution of 
an integrated Federal Government strategy to mon-
itor and address the impacts of efforts directed, or 
directly supported, by the Government of the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China to censor or intimidate, in
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•HRES 1512 EH 
the United States or in any of its possessions or 
territories, any United States person, including 
United States companies that conduct business in 
the People’s Republic of China, which are exercising 
their right to freedom of speech; and 
(B) submit the strategy developed pursuant to 
subparagraph (A) to the appropriate congressional 
committees not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
(4) MEETINGS.—The Task Force shall meet not 
less frequently than twice per year. 
(5) CONSULTATIONS.—The Task Force should reg-
ularly consult, to the extent necessary and appropriate, 
with— 
(A) Federal agencies that are not represented 
on the Task Force; 
(B) independent agencies of the United States 
Government that are not represented on the Task 
Force; 
(C) relevant stakeholders in the private sector 
and the media; and 
(D) relevant stakeholders among United States 
allies and partners facing similar challenges related 
to censorship or intimidation by the Government of 
the People’s Republic of China.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(6) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Task Force shall 
submit an annual report to the appropriate congres-
sional committees that describes, with respect to the 
reporting period— 
(i) the strategic objectives and policies 
pursued by the Task Force to address the chal-
lenges of censorship and intimidation of United 
States persons while in the United States or 
any of its possessions or territories, which is 
directed or directly supported by the Govern-
ment of the People’s Republic of China; 
(ii) the activities conducted by the Task 
Force in support of the strategic objectives and 
policies referred to in clause (i); and 
(iii) the results of the activities referred to 
in clause (ii) and the impact of such activities 
on the national interests of the United States. 
(B) FORM
OF
REPORT.—Each report sub-
mitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be un-
classified, but may include a classified annex. 
(C) CONGRESSIONAL
BRIEFINGS.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and annually thereafter, the Task Force shall 
provide briefings to the appropriate congressional
2037 
•HRES 1512 EH 
committees regarding the activities of the Task 
Force to execute the strategy developed pursuant to 
paragraph (3)(A). 
(c) REPORT
ON CENSORSHIP
AND INTIMIDATION
OF 
UNITED STATES PERSONS BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE 
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.— 
(1) REPORT.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of State shall select and seek to enter into 
an agreement with a qualified research entity that 
is independent of the Department of State to write 
a report on censorship and intimidation in the 
United States and its possessions and territories of 
United States persons, including United States 
companies that conduct business in the People’s Re-
public of China, which is directed or directly sup-
ported by the Government of the People’s Republic 
of China. 
(B) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required under subparagraph (A) shall— 
(i) assess major trends, patterns, and 
methods of the Government of the People’s Re-
public of China’s efforts to direct or directly 
support censorship and intimidation of United
2038 
•HRES 1512 EH 
States persons, including United States compa-
nies that conduct business in the People’s Re-
public of China, which are exercising their 
right to freedom of speech; 
(ii) assess, including through the use of il-
lustrative examples, as appropriate, the impact 
on and consequences for United States per-
sons, including United States companies that 
conduct business in the People’s Republic of 
China, that criticize— 
(I) the Chinese Communist Party; 
(II) the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China; 
(III) the authoritarian model of gov-
ernment of the People’s Republic of 
China; or 
(IV) a particular policy advanced by 
the Chinese Communist Party or the Gov-
ernment of the People’s Republic of 
China; 
(iii) identify the implications for the 
United States of the matters described in 
clauses (i) and (ii); 
(iv) assess the methods and evaluate the 
efficacy of the efforts by the Government of
2039 
•HRES 1512 EH 
the People’s Republic of China to limit freedom 
of expression in the private sector, including 
media, social media, film, education, travel, fi-
nancial services, sports and entertainment, 
technology, telecommunication, and internet in-
frastructure interests; 
(v) include policy recommendations for the 
United States Government, including rec-
ommendations regarding collaboration with 
United States allies and partners, to address 
censorship and intimidation by the Government 
of the People’s Republic of China; and 
(vi) include policy recommendations for 
United States persons, including United States 
companies that conduct business in China, to 
address censorship and intimidation by the 
Government of the People’s Republic of China. 
(C) APPLICABILITY TO UNITED STATES ALLIES 
AND PARTNERS.—To the extent practicable, the re-
port required under subparagraph (A) should iden-
tify implications and policy recommendations that 
are relevant to United States allies and partners 
facing censorship and intimidation directed or di-
rectly supported by the Government of the People’s 
Republic of China.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) SUBMISSION OF REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State shall submit the report written by the 
qualified research entity selected pursuant to para-
graph (1)(A) to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees. 
(B) PUBLICATION.—The report referred to in 
subparagraph (A) shall be made accessible to the 
public online through relevant United States Gov-
ernment websites. 
(d) SUNSET.—This section shall terminate on the date 
that is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act. 
PART 3—INCLUSION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS 
SEC. 5516. FINDINGS. 
Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) Since 2016, the Gambia, Sao Tome and Prin-
cipe, Panama, the Dominican Republic, Burkina Faso, 
El Salvador, the Solomon Islands, and Kiribati have sev-
ered diplomatic relations with Taiwan in favor of diplo-
matic relations with China. 
(2) Taiwan was invited to participate in the World 
Health Assembly (WHA), the decision-making body of 
the World Health Organization (WHO), as an observer
2041 
•HRES 1512 EH 
annually between 2009 and 2016. Since the 2016 elec-
tion of President Tsai, the PRC has increasingly resisted 
Taiwan’s participation in the WHA. Taiwan was not in-
vited to attend the WHA in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, or 
2021. 
(3) The Taipei Flight Information Region report-
edly served 1,750,000 flights and 68,900,000 passengers 
in 2018, and is home to Taiwan Taoyuan International 
Airport, the eleventh busiest airport in the world. Tai-
wan has been excluded from participating at the Inter-
national Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) since 2013. 
(4) United Nations (UN) General Assembly Resolu-
tion 2758 does not address the issue of representation 
of Taiwan and its people at the United Nations, nor 
does it give the PRC the right to represent the people 
of Taiwan. 
SEC. 5517. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON TAIWAN’S MEANINGFUL 
PARTICIPATION IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMU-
NITY. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) Taiwan is an important contributor to the glob-
al community, as a model for democracy, and by pro-
viding expertise in global health, international aviation 
security, emerging technology development, and high en-
vironmental standards;
2042 
•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) multiple United States Government administra-
tions of both political parties have taken important steps 
to advance Taiwan’s meaningful participation in inter-
national organizations; 
(3) existing efforts to enhance United States co-
operation with Taiwan to provide global public goods, in-
cluding through development assistance, humanitarian 
assistance, and disaster relief, in trilateral and multilat-
eral fora are laudable and should continue; 
(4) nonetheless, significant structural, policy, and 
legal barriers remain to advancing Taiwan’s meaningful 
participation in the international community; and 
(5) efforts to share Taiwan’s expertise with other 
parts of the global community could be further enhanced 
through a systematic approach, along with greater atten-
tion from Congress and the American public to such ef-
forts. 
SEC. 5518. STRATEGY TO SUPPORT TAIWAN’S MEANINGFUL 
PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA-
TIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with other Federal departments and agencies as 
appropriate, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a strategy—
2043 
•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) to advance Taiwan’’s meaningful participation 
in a prioritized set of international organizations (IOs); 
and 
(2) that responds to growing pressure from the 
PRC on foreign governments, IOs, commercial actors, 
and civil society organizations to comply with its ‘‘One- 
China Principle’’, with respect to Taiwan. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The strategy required 
under subsection (a) should include the following elements: 
(1) An assessment of the methods the PRC uses to 
coerce actors to into adhering to its ‘‘One-China Prin-
ciple.’’ The methods should include those employed 
against governments, IOs, and civil society organiza-
tions. The assessment should also include pressure on 
commercial actors, to the extent it is relevant in the con-
text of Taiwan’s meaningful participation in IOs. 
(2) An assessment of the policies of foreign govern-
ments toward the PRC and Taiwan, to identify 
likeminded allies and partners who might become public 
or private partners in the strategy. 
(3) A systematic analysis of all IOs, as practicable, 
to identify IOs that best lend themselves to advancing 
Taiwan’s participation. 
(4) A plan to expand economic, security, and diplo-
matic engagement with nations that have demonstrably
2044 
•HRES 1512 EH 
strengthened, enhanced, or upgraded relations with Tai-
wan, in accordance with United States interests. 
(5) A survey of IOs that have allowed Taiwan’s 
meaningful participation, including an assessment of 
whether any erosion in Taiwan’s engagement has oc-
curred within those organizations and how Taiwan’s par-
ticipation has positively strengthened the capacity and 
activity of these organizations, thereby providing positive 
models for Taiwan’s inclusion in other similar forums. 
(6) A list of no more than 20 IOs at which the 
United States Government will prioritize for using its 
voice, vote, and influence to advance Taiwan’s meaning-
ful participation over the three-year period following the 
date of enactment of this Act. The list should be derived 
from the IOs identified in paragraph (3). 
(7) A description of the diplomatic strategies and 
the coalitions the United States Government plans to de-
velop to implement paragraph (6). 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The strategy required in sub-
section (a) shall be classified, but it may include an unclassi-
fied summary. 
(d) SUPPORT FOR MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION.—The 
Permanent Representative of the United States to the United 
Nations and other relevant United States officials shall ac-
2045 
•HRES 1512 EH 
tively support Taiwan’s meaningful participation in all appro-
priate international organizations. 
SEC. 5519. MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION OF TAIWAN IN THE 
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the International Civil Aviation Organization 
(ICAO) should allow Taiwan to meaningfully participate 
in the organization, including in ICAO triennial assem-
bly sessions, conferences, technical working groups, 
meetings, activities, and mechanisms; 
(2) Taiwan is a global leader and hub for inter-
national aviation, with a range of expertise, information, 
and resources and the fifth busiest airport in Asia 
(Taoyuan International Airport), and its meaningful par-
ticipation in ICAO would significantly enhance the abil-
ity of ICAO to ensure the safety and security of global 
aviation; and 
(3) coercion by the Chinese Communist Party and 
the People’s Republic of China has ensured the system-
atic exclusion of Taiwan from meaningful participation 
in ICAO, significantly undermining the ability of ICAO 
to ensure the safety and security of global aviation. 
(b) PLAN FOR TAIWAN’S MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION 
IN THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION.—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of 
Commerce and the Secretary of Transportation, is author-
ized— 
(1) to initiate a United States plan to secure Tai-
wan’s meaningful participation in ICAO, including in 
ICAO triennial assembly sessions, conferences, technical 
working groups, meetings, activities, and mechanisms; 
and 
(2) to instruct the United States representative to 
the ICAO to— 
(A) use the voice and vote of the United States 
to ensure Taiwan’s meaningful participation in 
ICAO, including in ICAO triennial assembly ses-
sions, conferences, technical working groups, meet-
ings, activities, and mechanisms; and 
(B) seek to secure a vote at the next ICAO tri-
ennial assembly session on the question of Taiwan’s 
participation in that session. 
(c) REPORT CONCERNING TAIWAN’S MEANINGFUL PAR-
TICIPATION IN THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGA-
NIZATION.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, and not later than April 1 of each year 
thereafter for the following 6 years, the Secretary of State, 
in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit 
to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
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•HRES 1512 EH 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Trans-
portation and Infrastructure, and the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce of the House of Representatives an unclassi-
fied report that— 
(1) describes the United States plan to ensure Tai-
wan’s meaningful participation in ICAO, including in 
ICAO triennial assembly sessions, conferences, technical 
working groups, meetings, activities, and mechanisms; 
(2) includes an account of the efforts made by the 
Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce to en-
sure Taiwan’s meaningful participation in ICAO, includ-
ing in ICAO triennial assembly sessions, conferences, 
technical working groups, meetings, activities, and mech-
anisms; and 
(3) identifies the steps the Secretary of State and 
the Secretary of Commerce will take in the next year to 
ensure Taiwan’s meaningful participation in ICAO, in-
cluding in ICAO triennial assembly sessions, conferences, 
technical working groups, meetings, activities, and mech-
anisms.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
PART 4—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 
SEC. 5520. REPORT ON TAIWAN TRAVEL ACT. 
(a) APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CONGRESS
DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of 
Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Sen-
ate; 
(3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; 
(5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(6) the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives. 
(b) LIST OF HIGH-LEVEL VISITS.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annu-
ally thereafter for 5 years, the Secretary of State, in accord-
ance with the Taiwan Travel Act (Public Law 115–135), 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress— 
(1) a list of high-level officials from the United 
States Government who have traveled to Taiwan on or 
after the date of the enactment of the Taiwan Travel 
Act; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) a list of high-level officials of Taiwan who have 
entered the United States on or after such date of enact-
ment. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually there-
after for 5 years, the Secretary of State shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
implementation of the Taiwan Travel Act (Public Law 
115–135; 132 Stat. 341), including a discussion of its 
positive effects on United States interests in the region. 
(2) FORM.—The report required under paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in-
clude a classified annex. 
SEC. 5521. AMENDMENTS TO THE TAIWAN ALLIES INTER-
NATIONAL PROTECTION AND ENHANCEMENT INI-
TIATIVE (TAIPEI) ACT OF 2019. 
The Taiwan Allies International Protection and En-
hancement Initiative (TAIPEI) Act of 2019 (Public Law 
116–135) is amended— 
(1) in section 2(5), by striking ‘‘and Kiribati’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Kiribati, and Nicaragua,’’; 
(2) in section 4— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
striking ‘‘should be’’ and inserting ‘‘is’’;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(C) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) to support Taiwan’s diplomatic relations with 
governments and countries’’; and 
(3) in section 5— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
(i) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(ii) in paragraph (3), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) identify why governments and countries have 
altered their diplomatic status vis-a-vis Taiwan and 
make recommendations to mitigate further deterioration 
in Taiwan’s diplomatic relations with governments and 
countries.’’; 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter for five years, the Secretary of State 
shall report’’ and inserting ‘‘90 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Taiwan Enhanced Resil-
ience Act, and annually thereafter for the following
2051 
•HRES 1512 EH 
7 years, the Secretary of State shall submit an un-
classified report, with a classified annex,’’; 
(C) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (d); and 
(D) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Taiwan Enhanced Resilience Act, and 
annually thereafter for the following 7 years, the Secretary of 
State shall provide briefings to the appropriate congressional 
committees on the steps taken in accordance with section (a). 
The briefings required under this subsection shall take place 
in an unclassified setting, but may be accompanied by an ad-
ditional classified briefing.’’. 
SEC. 5522. REPORT ON ROLE OF PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHI-
NA’S NUCLEAR THREAT IN ESCALATION DYNAM-
ICS. 
(a) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 
committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Sen-
ate;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(3) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Sen-
ate; 
(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; 
(5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(6) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the House of Representatives. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report assessing the role of the in-
creasing nuclear threat of the People’s Republic of China in 
escalation dynamics with respect to Taiwan. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (b) shall 
be submitted in classified form, but may include an unclassi-
fied summary. 
SEC. 5523. REPORT ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF RUSSIA’S WAR 
AGAINST UKRAINE ON THE OBJECTIVES OF THE 
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA WITH RESPECT TO 
TAIWAN. 
(a) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 
committees’’ means—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Sen-
ate; 
(3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
(4) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Sen-
ate; 
(5) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate; 
(6) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate; 
(7) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; 
(8) the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives; 
(9) the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives; 
(10) the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives; 
(11) the Committee on Financial Services of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(12) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in con-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
sultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
National Intelligence, shall submit a report to the appropriate 
congressional committees that analyzes the impact of Rus-
sia’s war against Ukraine on the PRC’s diplomatic, military, 
economic, and propaganda objectives with respect to Taiwan. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection (b) 
shall describe— 
(1) adaptations or known changes to PRC strate-
gies and military doctrine that the United States as-
sesses are a direct result of the Russian invasion of 
Ukraine or that the United States assesses represent les-
sons learned by the People’s Republic of China in light 
of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including changes— 
(A) to PRC behavior in international forums; 
(B) within the People’s Liberation Army, with 
respect to the size of forces, the makeup of leader-
ship, weapons procurement, equipment upkeep, the 
doctrine on the use of specific weapons, such as 
weapons banned under the international law of 
armed conflict, efforts to move weapons supply 
chains onto mainland PRC, or any other changes in 
its military strategy with respect to Taiwan; 
(C) in economic planning, such as sanctions 
evasion, efforts to minimize exposure to sanctions,
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or moves in support of the protection of currency or 
other strategic reserves; 
(D) to propaganda, disinformation, and other 
information operations originating in the PRC; and 
(E) to the PRC’s strategy for the use of force 
against Taiwan, including any information on pre-
ferred scenarios or operations to secure its objec-
tives in Taiwan, adjustments based on how the Rus-
sian military has performed in Ukraine, and other 
relevant matters; and 
(2) United States plans to adapt policies and mili-
tary planning in response to the changes referred to in 
paragraph (1). 
(d) FORM.—The report required by subsection (b) shall 
be submitted in classified form. 
(e) COORDINATION WITH ALLIES AND PARTNERS.—The 
Secretary of State shall share information contained in the 
report required by subsection (b), as appropriate, with appro-
priate officials of allied and partners, including Taiwan and 
other partners in Europe and in the Indo-Pacific. 
SEC. 5524. EXPANDING UNITED STATES-TAIWAN DEVELOPMENT 
COOPERATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—No later than 120 days following the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in con-
sultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency
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for International Development (USAID), the United States 
International Development Finance Corporation (DFC), and 
the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies 
that provide international economic assistance and other sup-
port, shall submit to Congress a report on cooperation with 
Taiwan on trilateral and multilateral development initiatives 
through the American Institute in Taiwan as appropriate. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report required 
by subsection (a) shall include the following elements: 
(1) A comprehensive review of existing cooperation 
mechanisms and initiatives among USAID, DFC, other 
relevant Federal agencies that provide international eco-
nomic assistance and other support, and relevant depart-
ments and agencies in Taiwan, including Taiwan’s Inter-
national Cooperation and Development Fund (ICDF). 
(2) An assessment of how United States develop-
ment cooperation with relevant departments and agen-
cies in Taiwan compares to comparable cooperation with 
partners of similar economic size and foreign assistance 
capacity to Taiwan. 
(3) An analysis of the opportunities and challenges 
the cooperation reviewed in paragraph (1) has offered to 
date. The analysis shall include— 
(A) opportunities that collaboration has offered 
to expand the United States Government’s ability to
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deliver support, assistance, and other international 
financial products into a wider range communities; 
(B) sectors where USAID, DFC, ICDF, other 
relevant Federal agencies that provide international 
economic assistance and other support in both Tai-
wan and the United States, or the organizations’ 
implementing partners have a comparative advan-
tage in providing assistance; 
(C) opportunities to transition capacity build-
ing events with relevant departments and agencies 
in Taiwan, through the Global Cooperation and 
Training Framework as well as other forums, into 
enduring forms of development cooperation. 
(4) An assessment of any legal, policy, logistical, fi-
nancial, or administrative barriers to expanding coopera-
tion in trilateral or multilateral development. The anal-
ysis shall include— 
(A) availability of personnel at the American 
Institute in Taiwan responsible for coordinating de-
velopment assistance cooperation; 
(B) volume of current cooperation initiatives 
and barriers to expanding them; 
(C) diplomatic, policy, or legal barriers facing 
the United States or other partners to including
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Taiwan in formal and informal multilateral develop-
ment cooperation mechanisms; 
(D) resource or capacity barriers to expanding 
cooperation facing the United States or Taiwan; 
and 
(E) geopolitical barriers that complicate United 
States-Taiwan cooperation in third countries. 
(5) Recommendations to address the challenges 
identified in paragraph (4). 
(6) A description of any additional resources or au-
thorities that expanding cooperation might require. 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The strategy required under 
subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may include a classified annex. 
SEC. 5525. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EXPANDING UNITED 
STATES ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH TAIWAN. 
It is the sense of the Congress that— 
(1) expanding United States economic relations 
with Taiwan has benefitted the people of both the 
United States and Taiwan, as Taiwan is now the United 
States 10th largest goods trading partner, 13th largest 
export market, 13th largest source of imports, and a key 
destination for United States agricultural exports;
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(2) further integration would benefit both peoples 
and is in the strategic and diplomatic interests of the 
United States; and 
(3) the United States should explore opportunities 
to expand economic agreements between Taiwan and the 
United States, through dialogue, and by developing the 
legal templates required to support potential future 
agreements. 
PART 
5—SUPPORTING 
UNITED 
STATES 
EDU-
CATIONAL AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH 
TAIWAN 
SEC. 5526. SHORT TITLE. 
This part may be cited as the ‘‘Taiwan Fellowship Act’’. 
SEC. 5527. FINDINGS. 
Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) The Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96–8; 
22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.) affirmed United States policy 
‘‘to preserve and promote extensive, close, and friendly 
commercial, cultural, and other relations between the 
people of the United States and the people on Taiwan, 
as well as the people on the China mainland and all 
other peoples of the Western Pacific area’’. 
(2) Consistent with the Asia Reassurance Initiative 
Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–409), the United States
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has grown its strategic partnership with Taiwan’s vi-
brant democracy of 23,000,000 people. 
(3) The creation of a United States fellowship pro-
gram with Taiwan would support— 
(A) a key priority of expanding people-to-peo-
ple exchanges, which was outlined in President 
Donald J. Trump’s 2017 National Security Strat-
egy; 
(B) President Joseph R. Biden’s commitment 
to Taiwan, ‘‘a leading democracy and a critical eco-
nomic and security partner’’, as expressed in his 
March 2021 Interim National Security Strategic 
Guidance; and 
(C) April 2021 guidance from the Department 
of State based on a review required under the Tai-
wan Assurance Act of 2020 (subtitle B of title III 
of division FF of Public Law 116–260) to ‘‘encour-
age U.S. government engagement with Taiwan that 
reflects our deepening unofficial relationship’’. 
SEC. 5528. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this part are— 
(1) to further strengthen the United States-Taiwan 
strategic partnership and broaden understanding of the 
Indo-Pacific region by temporarily assigning officials of 
any agencies of the United States Government to Tai-
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wan for intensive study in Mandarin and placement as 
Fellows in a Taiwanese civic institution; 
(2) to provide for eligible United States personnel— 
(A) to learn or strengthen Mandarin Chinese 
language skills; and 
(B) to expand their understanding of the polit-
ical economy of Taiwan and the Indo-Pacific region; 
and 
(3) to better position the United States to advance 
its economic, security, and human rights interests and 
values in the Indo-Pacific region. 
SEC. 5529. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) AGENCY
HEAD.—The term ‘‘agency head’’ 
means, in the case of the executive branch of United 
States Government or a legislative branch agency de-
scribed in paragraph (2), the head of the respective 
agency. 
(2) AGENCY
OF
THE
UNITED
STATES
GOVERN-
MENT.—The term ‘‘agency of the United States Govern-
ment’’ includes the Government Accountability Office, 
the Congressional Budget Office, and the Congressional 
Research Service of the legislative branch, as well as any 
agency of the executive branch.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(3) APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CONGRESS.— 
The 
term 
‘‘appropriate 
committees 
of 
Congress’’ 
means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; 
(B) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(D) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
(4) DETAILEE.—The term ‘‘detailee’’ means— 
(A) an employee of an agency of the United 
States Government on loan to the American Insti-
tute in Taiwan, without a change of position from 
the agency at which the employee is employed; and 
(B) a legislative branch employee from the 
Government Accountability Office, Congressional 
Budget Office, or the Congressional Research Serv-
ice. 
(5) IMPLEMENTING PARTNER.—The term ‘‘imple-
menting partner’’ means any United States organization 
described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 that—
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(A) performs logistical, administrative, and 
other functions, as determined by the Department 
of State and the American Institute of Taiwan in 
support of the Taiwan Fellowship Program; and 
(B) enters into a cooperative agreement with 
the American Institute in Taiwan to administer the 
Taiwan Fellowship Program. 
(6) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means the 
Taiwan Fellowship Program established pursuant to sec-
tion 5530. 
SEC. 5530. TAIWAN FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State shall es-
tablish the Taiwan Fellowship Program (referred to in this 
section as the ‘‘Program’’) to provide a fellowship opportunity 
in Taiwan of up to 2 years for eligible United States citizens. 
The Department of State, in consultation with the American 
Institute in Taiwan and the implementing partner, may mod-
ify the name of the Program. 
(b) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The American Institute in Tai-
wan should use amounts appropriated pursuant to sec-
tion 5533(a) to enter into an annual or multi-year coop-
erative agreement with an appropriate implementing 
partner.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) FELLOWSHIPS.—The Department of State or 
the American Institute in Taiwan, in consultation with, 
as appropriate, the implementing partner, should award 
to eligible United States citizens, subject to available 
funding— 
(A) approximately 5 fellowships during the 
first 2 years of the Program; and 
(B) approximately 10 fellowships during each 
of the remaining years of the Program. 
(c) AMERICAN INSTITUTION IN TAIWAN AGREEMENT; 
IMPLEMENTING PARTNER.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the American Institute in 
Taiwan, in consultation with the Department of State, 
should— 
(1) begin negotiations with the Taipei Economic 
and Cultural Representative Office, or with another ap-
propriate entity, for the purpose of entering into an 
agreement to facilitate the placement of fellows in an 
agency of Taiwan; and 
(2) begin the process of selecting an implementing 
partner, which— 
(A) shall agree to meet all of the legal require-
ments required to operate in Taiwan; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) shall be composed of staff who dem-
onstrate significant experience managing exchange 
programs in the Indo-Pacific region. 
(d) CURRICULUM.— 
(1) FIRST YEAR.—During the first year of each fel-
lowship under this section, each fellow should study— 
(A) the Mandarin Chinese language; 
(B) the people, history, and political climate on 
Taiwan; and 
(C) the issues affecting the relationship be-
tween the United States and the Indo-Pacific re-
gion. 
(2) SECOND YEAR.—During the second year of each 
fellowship under this section, each fellow, subject to the 
approval of the Department of State, the American In-
stitute in Taiwan, and the implementing partner, and in 
accordance with the purposes of this subtitle, should 
work in— 
(A) a parliamentary office, ministry, or other 
agency of Taiwan; or 
(B) an organization outside the public sector in 
Taiwan, whose interests are associated with the in-
terests of the fellow and the agency of the United 
States Government from which the fellow is or had 
been employed.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(e) PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS.—A United States 
citizen is eligible for a fellowship under this section if the 
citizen— 
(A) is an employee of the United States Gov-
ernment; 
(B) has received at least one exemplary per-
formance review in his or her current United States 
Government role within at least the last three years 
prior to beginning the fellowship; 
(C) has at least 2 years of experience in any 
branch of the United States Government; 
(D) has a demonstrated professional or edu-
cational background in the relationship between the 
United States and countries in the Indo-Pacific re-
gion; and 
(E) has demonstrated his or her commitment 
to further service in the United States Government. 
(2) RESPONSIBILITIES OF FELLOWS.—Each recipi-
ent of a fellowship under this section shall agree, as a 
condition of such fellowship— 
(A) to maintain satisfactory progress in lan-
guage training and appropriate behavior in Taiwan, 
consistent with United States Government policy to-
ward Taiwan, as determined by the Department of
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•HRES 1512 EH 
State, the American Institute in Taiwan and, as ap-
propriate, its implementing partner; 
(B) to refrain from engaging in any intel-
ligence or intelligence-related activity on behalf of 
the United States Government; and 
(C) to continue Federal Government employ-
ment for a period of not less than 4 years after the 
conclusion of the fellowship or for not less than 2 
years for a fellowship that is 1 year or shorter. 
(3) RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
IMPLEMENTING
PART-
NER.— 
(A) SELECTION
OF
FELLOWS.—The imple-
menting partner, with the concurrence of the De-
partment of State and the American Institute in 
Taiwan, shall— 
(i) make efforts to recruit fellowship can-
didates who reflect the diversity of the United 
States; 
(ii) select fellows for the Taiwan Fellow-
ship Program based solely on merit, with ap-
propriate supervision from the Department of 
State and the American Institute in Taiwan; 
and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(iii) prioritize the selection of candidates 
willing to serve in a fellowship lasting 1 year 
or longer. 
(B) FIRST YEAR.—The implementing partner 
should provide each fellow in the first year (or 
shorter duration, as jointly determined by the De-
partment of State and the American Institute in 
Taiwan for those who are not serving a 2-year fel-
lowship) with— 
(i) intensive Mandarin Chinese language 
training; and 
(ii) courses in the politics, culture, and 
history of Taiwan, China, and the broader 
Indo-Pacific. 
(C) WAIVER OF FIRST-YEAR TRAINING.—The 
Department of State, in coordination with the 
American Institute in Taiwan and, as appropriate, 
the implementing partner, may waive any of the 
training required under paragraph (2) to the extent 
that a fellow has Mandarin language skills, knowl-
edge of the topic described in subparagraph (B)(ii), 
or for other related reasons approved by the De-
partment of State and the American Institute in 
Taiwan. If any of the training requirements are 
waived for a fellow serving a 2-year fellowship, the
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•HRES 1512 EH 
training portion of his or her fellowship may be 
shortened to the extent appropriate. 
(D) OFFICE; STAFFING.—The implementing 
partner, in consultation with the Department of 
State and the American Institute in Taiwan, may 
maintain an office and at least 1 full-time staff 
member in Taiwan— 
(i) to liaise with the American Institute in 
Taiwan and institutions of Taiwan; and 
(ii) to serve as the primary in-country 
point of contact for the recipients of fellow-
ships under this part and their dependents. 
(E) OTHER
FUNCTIONS.—The implementing 
partner may perform other functions in association 
with support of the Taiwan Fellowship Program, in-
cluding logistical and administrative functions, as 
prescribed by the Department of State and the 
American Institute in Taiwan. 
(4) NONCOMPLIANCE.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Any fellow who fails to 
comply with the requirements under this section 
shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, 
or the appropriate United States Government agen-
cy for—
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(i) the Federal funds expended for the fel-
low’s participation in the fellowship, as set 
forth in subparagraphs (B) and (C); and 
(ii) interest accrued on such funds (cal-
culated at the prevailing rate). 
(B) FULL REIMBURSEMENT.—Any fellow who 
violates subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) 
shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, 
or the appropriate United States Government agen-
cy, in an amount equal to the sum of— 
(i) all of the Federal funds expended for 
the fellow’s participation in the fellowship; and 
(ii) interest on the amount specified in 
subparagraph (A), which shall be calculated at 
the prevailing rate. 
(C) PRO RATA REIMBURSEMENT.—Any fellow 
who violates subparagraph (C) of paragraph (2) 
shall reimburse the American Institute in Taiwan, 
or the appropriate United States Government agen-
cy, in an amount equal to the difference between— 
(i) the amount specified in subparagraph 
(B); and 
(ii) the product of— 
(I) the amount the fellow received in 
compensation during the final year of the
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fellowship, including the value of any al-
lowances and benefits received by the fel-
low; multiplied by 
(II) the percentage of the period 
specified in paragraph (2)(C) during 
which the fellow did not remain employed 
by the Federal Government. 
(f) 
FLEXIBLE
FELLOWSHIP
DURATION.—Notwith-
standing any requirement under this section, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the American Institute in Taiwan 
and, as appropriate, the implementing partner, may award 
fellowships that have a duration of less than 2 years, and 
may alter the curriculum requirements under subsection (d) 
for such purposes. 
(g) SUNSET.—The fellowship program under this part 
shall terminate 7 years after the date of the enactment of 
this Act. 
SEC. 5531. REPORTS AND AUDITS. 
(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 
selection of the first class of fellows under this part, and an-
nually thereafter for 7 years, the Department of State shall 
offer to brief the appropriate committees of Congress regard-
ing the following issues: 
(1) An assessment of the performance of the imple-
menting partner in fulfilling the purposes of this part.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) The names and sponsoring agencies of the fel-
lows selected by the implementing partner and the extent 
to which such fellows represent the diversity of the 
United States. 
(3) The names of the parliamentary offices, min-
istries, other agencies of Taiwan, and nongovernmental 
institutions to which each fellow was assigned during the 
second year of the fellowship. 
(4) Any recommendations, as appropriate, to im-
prove the implementation of the Taiwan Fellowship Pro-
gram, including added flexibilities in the administration 
of the program. 
(5) An assessment of the Taiwan Fellowship Pro-
gram’s value upon the relationship between the United 
States and Taiwan or the United States and Asian coun-
tries. 
(b) ANNUAL FINANCIAL AUDIT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The financial records of any im-
plementing partner shall be audited annually in accord-
ance with generally accepted government auditing stand-
ards by independent certified public accountants or inde-
pendent licensed public accountants who are certified or 
licensed by a regulatory authority of a State or another 
political subdivision of the United States.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) LOCATION.—Each audit under paragraph (1) 
shall be conducted at the place or places where the fi-
nancial records of the implementing partner are nor-
mally kept. 
(3) ACCESS
TO
DOCUMENTS.—The implementing 
partner shall make available to the accountants con-
ducting an audit under paragraph (1)— 
(A) all books, financial records, files, other pa-
pers, things, and property belonging to, or in use 
by, the implementing partner that are necessary to 
facilitate the audit; and 
(B) full facilities for verifying transactions with 
the balances or securities held by depositories, fiscal 
agents, and custodians. 
(4) REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days 
after the end of each fiscal year, the implementing 
partner shall provide a report of the audit con-
ducted for such fiscal year under paragraph (1) to 
the Department of State and the American Insti-
tute in Taiwan. 
(B) CONTENTS.—Each audit report shall— 
(i) set forth the scope of the audit; 
(ii) include such statements, along with 
the auditor’s opinion of those statements, as
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•HRES 1512 EH 
may be necessary to present fairly the imple-
menting partner’s assets and liabilities, surplus 
or deficit, with reasonable detail; 
(iii) include a statement of the imple-
menting partner’s income and expenses during 
the year; and 
(iv) include a schedule of— 
(I) all contracts and cooperative 
agreements requiring payments greater 
than $5,000; and 
(II) any payments of compensation, 
salaries, or fees at a rate greater than 
$5,000 per year. 
(C) COPIES.—Each audit report shall be pro-
duced in sufficient copies for distribution to the 
public. 
SEC. 5532. TAIWAN FELLOWS ON DETAIL FROM GOVERNMENT 
SERVICE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) DETAIL
AUTHORIZED.—With the approval of 
the Secretary of State, an agency head may detail, for 
a period of not more than 2 years, an employee of the 
agency of the United States Government who has been 
awarded a fellowship under this part, to the American 
Institute in Taiwan for the purpose of assignment to
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Taiwan or an organization described in section 
5530(d)(2)(B). 
(2) AGREEMENT.—Each detailee shall enter into a 
written agreement with the Federal Government before 
receiving a fellowship, in which the fellow shall agree— 
(A) to continue in the service of the sponsoring 
agency at the end of fellowship for a period of at 
least 4 years (or at least 2 years if the fellowship 
duration is 1 year or shorter) unless the detailee is 
involuntarily separated from the service of such 
agency; and 
(B) to pay to the American Institute in Tai-
wan, or the United States Government agency, as 
appropriate, any additional expenses incurred by 
the Federal Government in connection with the fel-
lowship if the detailee voluntarily separates from 
service with the sponsoring agency before the end of 
the period for which the detailee has agreed to con-
tinue in the service of such agency. 
(3) EXCEPTION.—The payment agreed to under 
paragraph (2)(B) may not be required from a detailee 
who leaves the service of the sponsoring agency to enter 
into the service of another agency of the United States 
Government unless the head of the sponsoring agency 
notifies the detailee before the effective date of entry
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•HRES 1512 EH 
into the service of the other agency that payment will be 
required under this subsection. 
(b) STATUS AS GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE.—A detailee— 
(1) is deemed, for the purpose of preserving allow-
ances, privileges, rights, seniority, and other benefits, to 
be an employee of the sponsoring agency; 
(2) is entitled to pay, allowances, and benefits from 
funds available to such agency, which is deemed to com-
ply with section 5536 of title 5, United States Code; and 
(3) may be assigned to a position with an entity de-
scribed in section 5530(d)(2)(A) if acceptance of such 
position does not involve— 
(A) the taking of an oath of allegiance to an-
other government; or 
(B) the acceptance of compensation or other 
benefits from any foreign government by such 
detailee. 
(c) RESPONSIBILITIES OF SPONSORING AGENCY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Federal agency from which 
a detailee is detailed should provide the fellow allowances 
and benefits that are consistent with Department of 
State Standardized Regulations or other applicable rules 
and regulations, including— 
(A) a living quarters allowance to cover the 
cost of housing in Taiwan;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) a cost of living allowance to cover any pos-
sible higher costs of living in Taiwan; 
(C) a temporary quarters subsistence allowance 
for up to 7 days if the fellow is unable to find hous-
ing immediately upon arriving in Taiwan; 
(D) an education allowance to assist parents in 
providing the fellow’s minor children with edu-
cational services ordinarily provided without charge 
by public schools in the United States; 
(E) moving expenses to transport personal be-
longings of the fellow and his or her family in their 
move to Taiwan, which is comparable to the allow-
ance given for American Institute in Taiwan em-
ployees assigned to Taiwan; and 
(F) an economy-class airline ticket to and from 
Taiwan for each fellow and the fellow’s immediate 
family. 
(2) MODIFICATION OF BENEFITS.—The American 
Institute in Taiwan and its implementing partner, with 
the approval of the Department of State, may modify 
the benefits set forth in paragraph (1) if such modifica-
tion is warranted by fiscal circumstances. 
(d) NO FINANCIAL LIABILITY.—The American Institute 
in Taiwan, the implementing partner, and Taiwan or non- 
public sector entities in Taiwan at which a fellow is detailed
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•HRES 1512 EH 
during the second year of the fellowship may not be held re-
sponsible for the pay, allowances, or any other benefit nor-
mally provided to the detailee. 
(e) REIMBURSEMENT.—Fellows may be detailed under 
subsection (a)(1) without reimbursement to the United States 
by the American Institute in Taiwan. 
(f) ALLOWANCES
AND BENEFITS.—Detailees may be 
paid by the American Institute in Taiwan for the allowances 
and benefits listed in subsection (c). 
SEC. 5533. FUNDING. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the American Institute in 
Taiwan— 
(1) for fiscal year 2023, $2,900,000, of which— 
(A) $500,000 should be used to launch the 
Taiwan Fellowship Program through a competitive 
cooperative agreement with an appropriate imple-
menting partner; 
(B) $2,300,000 should be used to fund a coop-
erative agreement with an appropriate imple-
menting partner; and 
(C) $100,000 should be used for management 
expenses of the American Institute in Taiwan re-
lated to the management of the Taiwan Fellowship 
Program; and
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(2) for fiscal year 2024, and each succeeding fiscal 
year, $2,400,000, of which— 
(A) $2,300,000 should be used for a coopera-
tive agreement to the appropriate implementing 
partner; and 
(B) $100,000 should be used for management 
expenses of the American Institute in Taiwan re-
lated to the management of the Taiwan Fellowship 
Program. 
(b) PRIVATE SOURCES.—The implementing partner se-
lected to implement the Taiwan Fellowship Program may ac-
cept, use, and dispose of gifts or donations of services or 
property in carrying out such program, subject to the review 
and approval of the American Institute in Taiwan. 
SEC. 5534. STUDY AND REPORT. 
Not later than 1 year prior to the sunset of the fellow-
ship program under section 5530(g), the Comptroller General 
of the United States shall conduct a study and submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House a report that in-
cludes— 
(1) an analysis of the United States Government 
participants in this program, including the number of 
applicants and the number of fellowships undertaken, 
the place of employment, and an assessment of the costs
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•HRES 1512 EH 
and benefits for participants and for the United States 
Government of such fellowships; 
(2) an analysis of the financial impact of the fellow-
ship on United States Government offices which have 
provided fellows to participate in the program; and 
(3) recommendations, if any, on how to improve the 
fellowship program. 
SEC. 5535. SUPPORTING UNITED STATES EDUCATIONAL AND 
EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH TAIWAN. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNITED STATES-TAIWAN 
CULTURAL
EXCHANGE
FOUNDATION.—The Secretary of 
State should consider establishing an independent nonprofit 
entity that— 
(1) is dedicated to deepening ties between the fu-
ture leaders of Taiwan and the future leaders of the 
United States; and 
(2) works with State and local school districts and 
educational institutions to send high school and univer-
sity students to Taiwan to study the Chinese language, 
culture, history, politics, and other relevant subjects. 
(b) PARTNER.—State and local school districts and edu-
cational institutions, including public universities, are encour-
aged to partner with the Taipei Economic and Cultural Rep-
resentative Office in the United States to establish programs 
to promote more educational and cultural exchanges.
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PART 6—UNITED STATES-TAIWAN PUBLIC HEALTH 
PROTECTION 
SEC. 5536. SHORT TITLE. 
This part may be cited as ‘‘United States-Taiwan Public 
Health Protection Act’’. 
SEC. 5537. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
For the purposes of this part, the term ‘‘appropriate 
congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; 
(B) the Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; 
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; 
(E) the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
of the House of Representatives; and 
(F) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
(2) CENTER.—The term ‘‘Center’’ means the Infec-
tious Disease Monitoring Center described in section 
5538(a)(2).
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SEC. 5538. STUDY ON AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE MONITORING 
CENTER. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation 
with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
agencies, shall submit to appropriate congressional commit-
tees a study that includes the following: 
(1) A description of ongoing cooperation between 
the United States Government and Taiwan related to 
public health, including public health activities supported 
by the United States in Taiwan. 
(2) A description how the United States and Tai-
wan can promote further cooperation and expand public 
health activities, including the feasibility and utility of 
establishing an Infectious Disease Monitoring Center 
within the American Institute of Taiwan in Taipei, Tai-
wan to— 
(A) regularly monitor, analyze, and dissemi-
nate open-source material from countries in the re-
gion, including viral strains, bacterial subtypes, and 
other pathogens; 
(B) engage in people-to-people contacts with 
medical specialists and public health officials in the 
region;
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(C) provide expertise and information on infec-
tious diseases to the United States Government and 
Taiwanese officials; and 
(D) carry out other appropriate activities, as 
determined by the Director of the Center. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study required by subsection (a) 
shall include— 
(1) a plan on how such a Center would be estab-
lished and operationalized, including— 
(A) the personnel, material, and funding re-
quirements necessary to establish and operate the 
Center; and 
(B) the proposed structure and composition of 
Center personnel, which may include— 
(i) infectious disease experts from the De-
partment of Health and Human Services, who 
are recommended to serve as detailees to the 
Center; and 
(ii) additional qualified persons to serve as 
detailees to or employees of the Center, includ-
ing— 
(I) from any other relevant Federal 
department or agencies, to include the De-
partment of State and the United States 
Agency for International Development;
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(II) qualified foreign service nationals 
or locally engaged staff who are consid-
ered citizens of Taiwan; and 
(III) employees of the Taiwan Cen-
ters for Disease Control; 
(2) an evaluation, based on the factors in paragraph 
(1), of whether to establish the Center; and 
(3) a description of any consultations or agreements 
between the American Institute in Taiwan and the Tai-
pei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the 
United States regarding the establishment and operation 
of the Center, including— 
(A) the role that employees of the Taiwan Cen-
ters for Disease Control would play in supporting or 
coordinating with the Center; and 
(B) whether any employees of the Taiwan Cen-
ters for Disease Control would be detailed to, or co- 
located with, the Center. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary of State and the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services shall consult with 
the appropriate congressional committees before full comple-
tion of the study. 
PART 7—RULES OF CONSTRUCTION 
SEC. 5539. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this subtitle may be construed—
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(1) to restore diplomatic relations with the Republic 
of China; or 
(2) to alter the United States Government’s posi-
tion with respect to the international status of the Re-
public of China. 
SEC. 5540. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING THE USE OF 
MILITARY FORCE. 
Nothing in this title may be construed as authorizing the 
use of military force or the introduction of United States 
forces into hostilities. 
Subtitle B—United States-Ecuador 
Partnership Act of 2022 
SEC. 5541. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘United States-Ecua-
dor Partnership Act of 2022’’. 
SEC. 5542. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States should take additional steps 
to strengthen its bilateral partnership with Ecuador, in-
cluding by providing for robust trade and investment, in-
creasing law enforcement cooperation, renewing the ac-
tivities of the United States Agency for International 
Development in Ecuador, and supporting Ecuador’s re-
sponse to and recovery from the COVID–19 pandemic, 
as necessary and appropriate; and
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(2) strengthening the United States-Ecuador part-
nership presents an opportunity to advance core United 
States national security interests and work with other 
democratic partners to maintain a prosperous, politically 
stable, and democratic Western Hemisphere that is resil-
ient to malign foreign influence. 
SEC. 5543. FACILITATING ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL TIES. 
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of Commerce, the United States Trade Representative, 
the Secretary of the Treasury, and the heads of other rel-
evant Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall 
develop and implement a strategy to strengthen commercial 
and economic ties between the United States and Ecuador 
by— 
(1) promoting cooperation and information sharing 
to encourage awareness of and increase trade and invest-
ment opportunities between the United States and Ecua-
dor; 
(2) supporting efforts by the Government of Ecua-
dor to promote a more open, transparent, and competi-
tive business environment, including by lowering trade 
barriers, implementing policies to reduce trading times, 
and improving efficiencies to expedite customs operations 
for importers and exporters of all sizes, in all sectors, 
and at all ports of entry in Ecuador;
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(3) establishing frameworks or mechanisms to re-
view the long term financial sustainability and security 
implications of foreign investments in Ecuador in stra-
tegic sectors or services; 
(4) establishing competitive and transparent infra-
structure project selection and procurement processes in 
Ecuador that promote transparency, open competition, 
financial sustainability, and robust adherence to global 
standards and norms; 
(5) developing programs to help the Government of 
Ecuador improve efficiency and transparency in customs 
administration, including through support for the Gov-
ernment of Ecuador’s ongoing efforts to digitize its cus-
toms process and accept electronic documents required 
for the import, export, and transit of goods under spe-
cific international standards, as well as related training 
to expedite customs, security, efficiency, and competitive-
ness; 
(6) spurring digital transformation that would ad-
vance— 
(A) the provision of digitized government serv-
ices with the greatest potential to improve trans-
parency, lower business costs, and expand citizens’ 
access to public services and public information; 
and
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(B) best practices to mitigate the risks to dig-
ital infrastructure by doing business with commu-
nication networks and communications supply 
chains with equipment and services from companies 
with close ties to or susceptible to pressure from 
governments or security services without reliable 
legal checks on governmental powers; and 
(7) identifying, as appropriate, a role for the United 
States International Development Finance Corporation, 
the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the United States 
Agency for International Development, and the United 
States private sector in supporting efforts to increase 
private sector investment and strengthen economic pros-
perity. 
SEC. 5544. PROMOTING INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. 
The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State and the heads of other relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies, as appropriate, shall develop and im-
plement a strategy and related programs to support inclusive 
economic development across Ecuador’s national territory 
by— 
(1) facilitating increased access to public and pri-
vate financing, equity investments, grants, and market 
analysis for small and medium-sized businesses;
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(2) providing technical assistance to local govern-
ments to formulate and enact local development plans 
that invest in Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian commu-
nities; 
(3) connecting rural agricultural networks, includ-
ing Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian agricultural net-
works, to consumers in urban centers and export mar-
kets, including through infrastructure construction and 
maintenance programs that are subject to audits and 
carefully designed to minimize potential environmental 
harm; 
(4) partnering with local governments, the private 
sector, and local civil society organizations, including or-
ganizations representing marginalized communities and 
faith-based organizations, to provide skills training and 
investment in support of initiatives that provide economi-
cally viable, legal alternatives to participating in illegal 
economies; and 
(5) connecting small scale fishing enterprises to 
consumers and export markets, in order to reduce vul-
nerability to organized criminal networks. 
SEC. 5545. COMBATING ILLICIT ECONOMIES, CORRUPTION, AND 
NEGATIVE FOREIGN INFLUENCE. 
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of the Treasury, shall develop and implement a strat-
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egy and related programs to increase the capacity of Ecua-
dor’s justice system and law enforcement authorities to com-
bat illicit economies, corruption, transnational criminal orga-
nizations, and the harmful influence of malign foreign and 
domestic actors by— 
(1) providing technical assistance and material sup-
port (including, as appropriate, radars, vessels, and com-
munications equipment) to vetted specialized units of 
Ecuador’s national police and the armed services to dis-
rupt, degrade, and dismantle organizations involved in il-
licit narcotics trafficking, transnational criminal activi-
ties, illicit mining, and illegal, unregulated, and unre-
ported fishing, among other illicit activities; 
(2) providing technical assistance to address chal-
lenges related to Ecuador’s penitentiary and corrections 
system; 
(3) strengthening the regulatory framework of min-
ing through collaboration with key Ecuadorian institu-
tions, such as the Interior Ministry’s Special Commission 
for the Control of Illegal Mining and the National Po-
lice’s Investigative Unit on Mining Crimes, and pro-
viding technical assistance in support of their law en-
forcement activities; 
(4) providing technical assistance to judges, pros-
ecutors, and ombudsmen to increase capacity to enforce
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laws against human smuggling and trafficking, illicit 
mining, illegal logging, illegal, unregulated, and unre-
ported (IUU) fishing, and other illicit economic activi-
ties; 
(5) providing support to the Government of Ecua-
dor to prevent illegal, unreported, and unregulated fish-
ing, including through expanding detection and response 
capabilities, and the use of dark vessel tracing tech-
nology; 
(6) supporting multilateral efforts to stem illegal, 
unreported, and unregulated fishing with neighboring 
countries in South America and within the South Pacific 
Regional Fisheries Management Organisation; 
(7) assisting the Government of Ecuador’s efforts 
to protect defenders of internationally recognized human 
rights, including through the work of the Office of the 
Ombudsman of Ecuador, and by encouraging the inclu-
sion of Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian communities 
and civil society organizations in this process; 
(8) supporting efforts to improve transparency, up-
hold accountability, and build capacity within the Office 
of the Comptroller General; 
(9) enhancing the institutional capacity and tech-
nical capabilities of defense and security institutions of 
Ecuador to conduct national or regional security mis-
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sions, including through regular bilateral and multilat-
eral cooperation, foreign military financing, international 
military education, and training programs, consistent 
with applicable Ecuadorian laws and regulations; 
(10) enhancing port management and maritime se-
curity partnerships to disrupt, degrade, and dismantle 
transnational criminal networks and facilitate the legiti-
mate flow of people, goods, and services; and 
(11) strengthening cybersecurity cooperation— 
(A) to effectively respond to cybersecurity 
threats, including state-sponsored threats; 
(B) to share best practices to combat such 
threats; 
(C) to help develop and implement information 
architectures that respect individual privacy rights 
and reduce the risk that data collected through such 
systems will be exploited by malign state and non- 
state actors; 
(D) 
to 
strengthen 
resilience 
against 
cyberattacks; and 
(E) to strengthen the resilience of critical in-
frastructure. 
SEC. 5546. STRENGTHENING DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE. 
(a) STRENGTHENING DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE.—The 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of
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the United States Agency for International Development, 
should develop and implement initiatives to strengthen demo-
cratic governance in Ecuador by supporting— 
(1) measures to improve the capacity of national 
and subnational government institutions to govern 
through transparent, inclusive, and democratic processes; 
(2) efforts that measurably enhance the capacity of 
political actors and parties to strengthen democratic in-
stitutions and the rule of law; 
(3) initiatives to strengthen democratic governance, 
including combating political, administrative, and judi-
cial corruption and improving transparency of the ad-
ministration of public budgets; and 
(4) the efforts of civil society organizations and 
independent media— 
(A) to conduct oversight of the Government of 
Ecuador and the National Assembly of Ecuador; 
(B) to promote initiatives that strengthen 
democratic governance, anti-corruption standards, 
and public and private sector transparency; and 
(C) to foster political engagement between the 
Government of Ecuador, including the National As-
sembly of Ecuador, and all parts of Ecuadorian so-
ciety, including women, indigenous communities, 
and Afro-Ecuadorian communities.
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(b) LEGISLATIVE STRENGTHENING.—The Administrator 
of the United States Agency for International Development, 
working through the Consortium for Elections and Political 
Process Strengthening or any equivalent or successor mecha-
nism, shall develop and implement programs to strengthen 
the National Assembly of Ecuador by providing training and 
technical assistance to— 
(1) members and committee offices of the National 
Assembly of Ecuador, including the Ethics Committee 
and Audit Committee; 
(2) assist in the creation of entities that can offer 
comprehensive and independent research and analysis on 
legislative and oversight matters pending before the Na-
tional Assembly, including budgetary and economic 
issues; and 
(3) improve democratic governance and government 
transparency, including through effective legislation. 
(c) BILATERAL LEGISLATIVE COOPERATION.—To the 
degree practicable, in implementing the programs required 
under subsection (b), the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development should facilitate meet-
ings and collaboration between members of the United States 
Congress and the National Assembly of Ecuador.
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SEC. 5547. FOSTERING CONSERVATION AND STEWARDSHIP. 
The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State and the heads of other relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies, shall develop and implement pro-
grams and enhance existing programs, as necessary and ap-
propriate, to improve ecosystem conservation and enhance the 
effective stewardship of Ecuador’s natural resources by— 
(1) providing technical assistance to Ecuador’s Min-
istry of the Environment to safeguard national parks 
and protected forests and protected species, while pro-
moting the participation of Indigenous communities in 
this process; 
(2) strengthening the capacity of communities to 
access the right to prior consultation, encoded in Article 
57 of the Constitution of Ecuador and related laws, ex-
ecutive decrees, administrative acts, and ministerial reg-
ulations; 
(3) supporting Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian 
communities as they raise awareness of threats to bio-
diverse ancestral lands, including through support for 
local media in such communities and technical assistance 
to monitor illicit activities; 
(4) partnering with the Government of Ecuador in 
support of reforestation and improving river, lake, and 
coastal water quality;
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(5) providing assistance to communities affected by 
illegal mining and deforestation; and 
(6) fostering mechanisms for cooperation on emer-
gency preparedness and rapid recovery from natural dis-
asters, including by— 
(A) establishing regional preparedness, recov-
ery, and emergency management centers to facili-
tate rapid response to survey and help maintain 
planning on regional disaster anticipated needs and 
possible resources; and 
(B) training disaster recovery officials on latest 
techniques and lessons learned from United States 
experiences. 
SEC. 5548. AUTHORIZATION TO TRANSFER EXCESS COAST 
GUARD VESSELS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that the United States should undertake efforts to expand co-
operation with the Government of Ecuador to— 
(1) ensure protections for the Gala´pagos Marine 
Reserve; 
(2) deter illegal, unreported, and unregulated fish-
ing; and 
(3) increase interdiction of narcotics trafficking and 
other forms of illicit trafficking.
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(b) AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER EXCESS COAST GUARD 
VESSELS TO THE GOVERNMENT OF ECUADOR.—The Presi-
dent shall conduct a joint assessment with the Government 
of Ecuador to ensure sufficient capacity exists to maintain Is-
land class cutters. Upon completion of a favorable assess-
ment, the President is authorized to transfer up to two IS-
LAND class cutters to the Government of Ecuador as excess 
defense articles pursuant to the authority of section 516 of 
the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2321j). 
(c) GRANTS NOT COUNTED
IN ANNUAL TOTAL
OF 
TRANSFERRED EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES.—The value of 
a vessel transferred to another country on a grant basis pur-
suant to authority provided by subsection (b) shall not be 
counted against the aggregate value of excess defense articles 
transferred in any fiscal year under section 516 of the For-
eign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j). 
(d) COSTS OF TRANSFERS.—Any expense incurred by 
the United States in connection with a transfer authorized by 
this section shall be charged to the recipient notwithstanding 
section 516(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2321j(e)). 
(e) REPAIR AND REFURBISHMENT IN UNITED STATES 
SHIPYARDS.—To the maximum extent practicable, the Presi-
dent shall require, as a condition of the transfer of a vessel 
under this section, that the recipient to which the vessel is
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transferred have such repair or refurbishment of the vessel as 
is needed, before the vessel joins the naval forces of that re-
cipient, performed at a shipyard located in the United States. 
(f) EXPIRATION
OF
AUTHORITY.—The authority to 
transfer a vessel under this section shall expire at the end of 
the 3-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of 
this Act. 
SEC. 5549. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. 
(a) SECRETARY OF STATE.—The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies as described in sections 5543, 5545, and 
5546(a), shall— 
(1) not later than 180 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a comprehensive strategy to address 
the requirements described in sections 5543, 5545, and 
5546(a); and 
(2) not later than 2 years and 4 years after submit-
ting the comprehensive strategy under paragraph (1), 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port describing the implementation of the strategy. 
(b) ADMINISTRATOR OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY 
FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.—The Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Development, in 
coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal depart-
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ments and agencies as described in sections 5544, 5546(b), 
and 5547, shall— 
(1) not later than 180 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, submit to appropriate congressional 
committees a comprehensive strategy to address the re-
quirements described in sections 5544, 5546(b) and 
5547; and 
(2) not later than 2 years and 4 years after submit-
ting the comprehensive strategy under paragraph (1), 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port describing the implementation of the strategy. 
(c) SUBMISSION.—The strategies and reports required 
under subsections (a) and (b) may be submitted to the appro-
priate congressional committees as joint strategies and re-
ports. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.—In 
this subtitle, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee 
on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 5550. SUNSET. 
This subtitle shall terminate on the date that is 5 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act.
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Subtitle C—FENTANYL Results Act 
SEC. 5551. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Fighting Emerging 
Narcotics Through Additional Nations to Yield Lasting Re-
sults Act’’ or the ‘‘FENTANYL Results Act’’. 
SEC. 5552. PRIORITIZATION OF EFFORTS OF THE DEPARTMENT 
OF STATE TO COMBAT INTERNATIONAL TRAF-
FICKING IN COVERED SYNTHETIC DRUGS. 
(a) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall 
prioritize efforts of the Department of State to combat inter-
national trafficking of covered synthetic drugs by carrying 
out programs and activities to include the following: 
(1) Supporting increased data collection by the 
United States and foreign countries through increased 
drug use surveys among populations, increased use of 
wastewater testing where appropriate, and multilateral 
sharing of that data. 
(2) Engaging in increased consultation and partner-
ship with international drug agencies, including the Eu-
ropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addic-
tion, regulatory agencies in foreign countries, and the 
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 
(3) Carrying out programs to provide technical as-
sistance and equipment, as appropriate, to strengthen 
the capacity of foreign law enforcement agencies with re-
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spect to covered synthetic drugs, as required by section 
5553. 
(4) Carrying out exchange programs for govern-
mental and nongovernmental personnel in the United 
States and in foreign countries to provide educational 
and professional development on demand reduction mat-
ters relating to the illicit use of covered synthetic drugs 
and other drugs, as required by section 5554. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the implementation of this section. 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 
congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee 
on the Judiciary of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee 
on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
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SEC. 5553. PROGRAM TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO BUILD THE 
CAPACITY 
OF 
FOREIGN 
LAW 
ENFORCEMENT 
AGENCIES WITH RESPECT TO COVERED SYN-
THETIC DRUGS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding section 660 of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2420), the Sec-
retary of State shall establish a program to provide assistance 
to strengthen the capacity of law enforcement agencies of the 
countries described in subsection (c) to help such agencies to 
identify, track, and improve their forensics detection capabili-
ties with respect to covered synthetic drugs. 
(b) PRIORITY.—The Secretary of State shall prioritize 
technical assistance, and the provision of equipment, as ap-
propriate, under subsection (a) among those countries de-
scribed in subsection (c) in which such assistance and equip-
ment would have the most impact in reducing illicit use of 
covered synthetic drugs in the United States. 
(c) COUNTRIES DESCRIBED.—The foreign countries de-
scribed in this subsection are— 
(1) countries that are producers of covered syn-
thetic drugs; 
(2) countries whose pharmaceutical and chemical 
industries are known to be exploited for development or 
procurement of precursors of covered synthetic drugs; or 
(3) major drug-transit countries for covered syn-
thetic drugs as defined by the Secretary of State.
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(d) EXCEPTION.—No assistance may be provided to the 
People’s Republic of China or to any of its law enforcement 
agencies pursuant to the program authorized by this section. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is au-
thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State to carry 
out this section $4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2027. 
SEC. 5554. EXCHANGE PROGRAM ON DEMAND REDUCTION MAT-
TERS RELATING TO ILLICIT USE OF COVERED 
SYNTHETIC DRUGS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall establish 
or continue and strengthen, as appropriate, an exchange pro-
gram for governmental and nongovernmental personnel in the 
United States and in foreign countries to provide educational 
and professional development on demand reduction matters 
relating to the illicit use of covered synthetic drugs and other 
drugs. 
(b) PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.—The program required 
by subsection (a)— 
(1) shall be limited to individuals who have exper-
tise and experience in matters described in subsection 
(a); 
(2) in the case of inbound exchanges, may be car-
ried out as part of exchange programs and international 
visitor programs administered by the Bureau of Edu-
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cational and Cultural Affairs of the Department of 
State, including the International Visitor Leadership 
Program, in coordination with the Bureau of Inter-
national Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs; and 
(3) shall include outbound exchanges for govern-
mental or nongovernmental personnel in the United 
States. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is au-
thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State to carry 
out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2027. 
SEC. 5555. AMENDMENTS TO INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CON-
TROL PROGRAM. 
(a) INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL STRATEGY 
REPORT.—Section 489(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2291h(a)) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating the second paragraph (10) as 
paragraph (11); and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(12) COVERED
SYNTHETIC
DRUGS
AND
NEW 
PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES.— 
‘‘(A) COVERED SYNTHETIC DRUGS.—Informa-
tion that contains an assessment of the countries 
significantly involved in the manufacture, produc-
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tion, transshipment, or trafficking of covered syn-
thetic drugs, to include the following: 
‘‘(i) The scale of legal domestic production 
and any available information on the number 
of manufacturers and producers of such drugs 
in such countries. 
‘‘(ii) Information on any law enforcement 
assessments of the scale of illegal production of 
such drugs, including a description of the ca-
pacity of illegal laboratories to produce such 
drugs. 
‘‘(iii) The types of inputs used and a de-
scription of the primary methods of synthesis 
employed by illegal producers of such drugs. 
‘‘(iv) An assessment of the policies of such 
countries to regulate licit manufacture and 
interdict illicit manufacture, diversion, distribu-
tion, shipment, and trafficking of such drugs 
and an assessment of the effectiveness of the 
policies’ implementation. 
‘‘(B) NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES.—In-
formation on, to the extent practicable, any policies 
of responding to new psychoactive substances, to in-
clude the following:
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‘‘(i) Which governments have articulated 
policies on scheduling of such substances. 
‘‘(ii) Any data on impacts of such policies 
and other responses to such substances. 
‘‘(iii) An assessment of any policies the 
United States could adopt to improve its re-
sponse to new psychoactive substances. 
‘‘(C) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph, the 
terms 
‘covered 
synthetic 
drug’ 
and 
‘new 
psychoactive substance’ have the meaning given 
those terms in section 5558 of the FENTANYL 
Results Act.’’. 
(b) DEFINITION OF MAJOR ILLICIT DRUG PRODUCING 
COUNTRY.—Section 481(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2291(e)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘; or’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the semi-
colon at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(E) that is a significant direct source of cov-
ered synthetic drugs or psychotropic drugs or other 
controlled substances, including precursor chemicals 
when those chemicals are used in the production of
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such drugs and substances, significantly affecting 
the United States;’’; 
(2) by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows: 
‘‘(5) the term ‘major drug-transit country’ means a 
country through which are transported covered synthetic 
drugs or psychotropic drugs or other controlled sub-
stances significantly affecting the United States;’’; 
(3) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and in-
serting a semicolon; 
(4) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(9) the term ‘covered synthetic drug’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 5558 of the 
FENTANYL Results Act.’’. 
SEC. 5556. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the President should direct the United States 
Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, 
vote, and influence of the United States at the United 
Nations to advocate for more transparent assessments of 
countries by the International Narcotics Control Board; 
and
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(2) bilateral, plurilateral, and multilateral inter-
national cooperation is essential to combating the traf-
ficking of covered synthetic drugs. 
SEC. 5557. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this subtitle or the amendments made by this 
subtitle shall be construed to affect the prioritization of ex-
tradition requests. 
SEC. 5558. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE; CONTROLLED SUB-
STANCE ANALOGUE.—The terms ‘‘controlled substance’’ 
and ‘‘controlled substance analogue’’ have the meanings 
given those terms in section 102 of the Controlled Sub-
stances Act (21 U.S.C. 802). 
(2) COVERED SYNTHETIC DRUG.—The term ‘‘cov-
ered synthetic drug’’ means— 
(A) a synthetic controlled substance or syn-
thetic controlled substance analogue, including 
fentanyl or a fentanyl analogue; or 
(B) a new psychoactive substance. 
(3) NEW
PSYCHOACTIVE
SUBSTANCE.—The term 
‘‘new psychoactive substance’’ means a substance of 
abuse, or any preparation thereof, that— 
(A) is not—
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(i) included in any schedule as a con-
trolled substance under the Controlled Sub-
stances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.); or 
(ii) controlled by the Single Convention on 
Narcotic Drugs, done at New York March 30, 
1961, or the Convention on Psychotropic Sub-
stances, done at Vienna February 21, 1971; 
(B) is new or has reemerged on the illicit mar-
ket; and 
(C) poses a threat to the public health and 
safety. 
Subtitle D—International Pandemic 
Preparedness 
SEC. 5559. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Global Health Secu-
rity and International Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness 
and Response Act of 2022’’. 
SEC. 5560. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; 
(B) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate;
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(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(D) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
(2) The terms ‘‘Global Health Security Agenda’’ 
and ‘‘GHSA’’ mean the multi-sectoral initiative launched 
in 2014, and renewed in 2018, that brings together 
countries, regions, international organizations, non-
governmental organizations, and the private sector— 
(A) to elevate global health security as a na-
tional-level priority; 
(B) to share best practices; and 
(C) to facilitate national capacity to comply 
with and adhere to— 
(i) the International Health Regulations 
(2005); 
(ii) the international standards and guide-
lines established by the World Organisation for 
Animal Health; 
(iii) United Nations Security Council Res-
olution 1540 (2004); 
(iv) the Convention on the Prohibition of 
the Development, Production and Stockpiling 
of Bacteriological and Toxin Weapons and on 
their Destruction, done at Washington, Lon-
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don, and Moscow, April 10, 1972 (commonly 
referred to as the ‘‘Biological Weapons Con-
vention’’); 
(v) the Global Health Security Agenda 
2024 Framework; and 
(vi) other relevant frameworks that con-
tribute to global health security. 
(3) The term ‘‘Global Health Security Index’’ 
means the comprehensive assessment and benchmarking 
of health security and related capabilities across the 
countries that make up the States Parties to the Inter-
national Health Regulations (2005). 
(4) The term ‘‘Global Health Security Initiative’’ 
means the informal network of countries and organiza-
tions that came together in 2001, to undertake concerted 
global action to strengthen public health preparedness 
and response to chemical, biological, radiological, and 
nuclear threats, including pandemic influenza. 
(5) The term ‘‘IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evalua-
tion Framework’’ means the framework through which 
the World Health Organization and the State Parties to 
the International Health Regulations, as amended in 
2005, review, measure, and assess core country public 
health capacities and ensure mutual accountability for 
global health security under the International Health
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•HRES 1512 EH 
Regulations (2005), including through the Joint Exter-
nal Evaluations, simulation exercises, and after-action 
reviews. 
(6) The term ‘‘Joint External Evaluation’’ means 
the voluntary, collaborative, multi-sectoral process facili-
tated by the World Health Organization— 
(A) to assess country capacity to prevent, de-
tect, and rapidly respond to public health risks oc-
curring naturally or due to deliberate or accidental 
events; 
(B) to assess progress in achieving the targets 
under the International Health Regulations (2005); 
and 
(C) to recommend priority actions. 
(7) The term ‘‘key stakeholders’’ means actors en-
gaged in efforts to advance global health security pro-
grams and objectives, including— 
(A) national and local governments in partner 
countries; 
(B) other bilateral donors; 
(C) international, regional, and local organiza-
tions, including private, voluntary, nongovern-
mental, and civil society organizations, including 
faith-based and indigenous organizations;
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(D) international, regional, and local financial 
institutions; 
(E) representatives of historically marginalized 
groups, including women, youth, and indigenous 
peoples; 
(F) the private sector, including medical de-
vice, technology, pharmaceutical, manufacturing, lo-
gistics, and other relevant companies; and 
(G) public and private research and academic 
institutions. 
(8) The term ‘‘One Health approach’’ means the 
collaborative, multi-sectoral, and transdisciplinary ap-
proach toward achieving optimal health outcomes in a 
manner that recognizes the interconnection between peo-
ple, animals, plants, and their shared environment. 
(9) The term ‘‘pandemic preparedness’’ refers to 
the actions taken to establish and sustain the capacity 
and capabilities necessary to rapidly identify, prevent, 
protect against, and respond to the emergence, reemer-
gence, and spread of pathogens of pandemic potential. 
(10) The term ‘‘partner country’’ means a foreign 
country in which the relevant Federal departments and 
agencies are implementing United States foreign assist-
ance for global health security and pandemic prevention, 
preparedness, and response under this subtitle.
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(11) The term ‘‘relevant Federal departments and 
agencies’’ means any Federal department or agency im-
plementing United States policies and programs relevant 
to the advancement of United States global health secu-
rity and diplomacy overseas, which may include— 
(A) the Department of State; 
(B) the United States Agency for International 
Development; 
(C) the Department of Health and Human 
Services; 
(D) the Department of Defense; 
(E) the Defense Threat Reduction Agency; 
(F) the Millennium Challenge Corporation; 
(G) the Development Finance Corporation; 
(H) the Peace Corps; and 
(I) any other department or agency that the 
President determines to be relevant for these pur-
poses. 
(12) The term ‘‘resilience’’ means the ability of peo-
ple, households, communities, systems, institutions, 
countries, and regions to reduce, mitigate, withstand, 
adapt to, and quickly recover from shocks and stresses 
in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability to the 
emergence, reemergence, and spread of pathogens of 
pandemic potential and facilitates inclusive growth.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(13) The terms ‘‘respond’’ and ‘‘response’’ mean 
the actions taken to counter an infectious disease. 
(14) The term ‘‘USAID’’ means the United States 
Agency for International Development. 
SEC. 5561. ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES’ INTERNATIONAL 
RESPONSE TO PANDEMICS. 
(a) LEVERAGING UNITED STATES BILATERAL GLOBAL 
HEALTH PROGRAMS
FOR INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC RE-
SPONSE.—Subject to the notification requirements under sec-
tion 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2394–1), amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise 
made available to carry out section 104 of the Foreign Assist-
ance Act (22 U.S.C. 2151b) may be used in countries receiv-
ing such United States foreign assistance for the purpose 
of— 
(1) strengthening vaccine readiness; 
(2) reducing vaccine hesitancy; 
(3) delivering and administering vaccines; 
(4) strengthening health systems and global supply 
chains as necessary for global health security and pan-
demic preparedness, prevention, and response; 
(5) supporting global health workforce planning, 
training, and management for pandemic preparedness, 
prevention, and response;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(6) enhancing transparency, quality, and reliability 
of public health data; 
(7) 
increasing 
bidirectional 
testing, 
including 
screening for symptomatic and asymptomatic cases; and 
(8) building laboratory capacity. 
(b) ROLES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, USAID, 
AND THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 
IN INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC RESPONSE.— 
(1) FINDING.—Congress finds that different out-
breaks of infectious disease threats may require flexi-
bility and changes to the designated roles and respon-
sibilities of relevant Federal departments and agencies. 
(2) LEAD AGENCIES FOR COORDINATION OF THE 
UNITED STATES’ INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO INFEC-
TIOUS DISEASE OUTBREAKS WITH SEVERE OR PANDEMIC 
POTENTIAL.—The President shall identify the relevant 
Federal departments and agencies, including the Depart-
ment of State, USAID, and the Department of Health 
and Human Services (including the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention), leading specific aspects of the 
United States international operational response to out-
breaks of emerging high-consequence infectious disease 
threats in accordance with federal law. 
(3) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and regularly
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•HRES 1512 EH 
thereafter as appropriate, the President shall notify the 
appropriate congressional committees, the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, 
and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives of the roles and responsibilities 
of each relevant Federal department and agency with re-
spect to the international operational response to the 
outbreak of an emerging high-consequence infectious dis-
ease threat. 
(c) USAID DISASTER SURGE CAPACITY.— 
(1) DISASTER
SURGE
CAPACITY.—The Adminis-
trator of the USAID is authorized to expend funds made 
available to carry out part I and chapter 4 of part II of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 
and 2346), including funds made available for ‘‘Assist-
ance for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia’’, in addition 
to amounts otherwise made available for such purposes, 
for the cost (including support costs) of individuals de-
tailed to or employed by USAID whose primary respon-
sibility is to carry out programs to address global health 
emergencies and natural or manmade disasters. 
(2) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 15 days before 
making funds available to address manmade disasters 
pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary of State or the
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Administrator of the USAID shall notify the appropriate 
congressional committees of such intended action. 
SEC. 5562. INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PRE-
PAREDNESS. 
(a) UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES TO 
ADVANCE
GLOBAL
HEALTH
SECURITY
AND
DIPLOMACY 
STRATEGY AND REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall develop, up-
date, maintain, and advance a comprehensive strategy 
for improving United States global health security and 
diplomacy for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and 
response which, consistent with the purposes of this sub-
title, shall— 
(A) clearly articulate United States policy goals 
related to pandemic prevention, preparedness, and 
response, including through actions to strengthen 
diplomatic leadership and the effectiveness of 
United States foreign policy and international pre-
paredness assistance for global health security 
through advancement of a One Health approach, 
the Global Health Security Agenda, the Inter-
national Health Regulations (2005), and other rel-
evant frameworks that contribute to pandemic pre-
vention and preparedness;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) establish specific and measurable goals, 
benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and 
monitoring and evaluation plans for United States 
foreign policy and assistance for global health secu-
rity that promote learning and adaptation and re-
flect international best practices relating to global 
health security, transparency, and accountability; 
(C) establish transparent mechanisms to im-
prove coordination and avoid duplication of effort 
between and among the relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies, partner countries, donor coun-
tries, the private sector, multilateral organizations, 
and other key stakeholders; 
(D) prioritize working with partner countries 
with— 
(i) 
demonstrated 
need, 
as 
identified 
through the Joint External Evaluation process, 
the Global Health Security Index classification 
of health systems, national action plans for 
health security, Global Health Security Agen-
da, other risk-based assessments, and com-
plementary or successor indicators of global 
health security and pandemic preparedness; 
and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(ii) demonstrated commitment to trans-
parency, including budget and global health 
data transparency, complying with the Inter-
national Health Regulations (2005), investing 
in domestic health systems, and achieving 
measurable results; 
(E) reduce long-term reliance upon United 
States foreign assistance for global health security 
by— 
(i) ensuring that United States global 
health assistance authorized under this subtitle 
is strategically planned and coordinated in a 
manner that delivers immediate impact and 
contributes to enduring results, including 
through efforts to enhance community capacity 
and resilience to infectious disease threats and 
emergencies; and 
(ii) ensuring partner country ownership of 
global health security strategies, data, pro-
grams, and outcomes and improved domestic 
resource mobilization, co-financing, and appro-
priate national budget allocations for global 
health security and pandemic prevention, pre-
paredness, and response;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(F) assist partner countries in building the 
technical capacity of relevant ministries, systems, 
and networks to prepare, execute, monitor, and 
evaluate national action plans for global health se-
curity and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and 
response that are developed with input from key 
stakeholders, including mechanism to enhance 
budget and global health data transparency, as nec-
essary and appropriate; 
(G) support and align United States foreign 
assistance authorized under this subtitle with such 
national action plans for health security and pan-
demic prevention, preparedness, and response, as 
appropriate; 
(H) facilitate communication and collaboration, 
as appropriate, among local stakeholders in support 
of country-led strategies and initiatives to better 
identify and prevent health impacts related to the 
emergence, reemergence, and spread of zoonoses; 
(I) support the long-term success of programs 
by building the pandemic preparedness capacity of 
local organizations and institutions in target coun-
tries and communities; 
(J) develop community resilience to infectious 
disease threats and emergencies;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(K) support global health budget and work-
force planning in partner countries, consistent with 
the purposes of this subtitle, including training in 
financial management and budget and global health 
data transparency; 
(L) strengthen linkages between complemen-
tary bilateral and multilateral foreign assistance 
programs, including efforts of the World Bank, the 
World Health Organization, the Global Fund to 
Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, and Gavi, 
the Vaccine Alliance, that contribute to the develop-
ment of more resilient health systems and global 
supply chains for global health security and pan-
demic prevention, preparedness, and response in 
partner countries with the capacity, resources, and 
personnel required to prevent, detect, and respond 
to infectious disease threats; and 
(M) support innovation and partnerships with 
the private sector, health organizations, civil society, 
nongovernmental, faith-based and indigenous orga-
nizations, and health research and academic institu-
tions to improve pandemic prevention, prepared-
ness, and response, including for the development 
and deployment of effective and accessible infectious
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•HRES 1512 EH 
disease tracking tools, diagnostics, therapeutics, and 
vaccines. 
(2) SUBMISSION OF STRATEGY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
President, in consultation with the heads of the rel-
evant Federal departments and agencies, shall sub-
mit the strategy required under paragraph (1) to— 
(i) the appropriate congressional commit-
tees; 
(ii) the Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; and 
(iii) the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives. 
(B) AGENCY-SPECIFIC
PLANS.—The strategy 
required under paragraph (1) shall include specific 
implementation plans from each relevant Federal 
department and agency that describe— 
(i) the anticipated contributions of the 
Federal department or agency, including tech-
nical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to 
implement the strategy; and 
(ii) the efforts of the Federal department 
or agency to ensure that the activities and pro-
grams carried out pursuant to the strategy are
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•HRES 1512 EH 
designed to achieve maximum impact and long- 
term sustainability. 
(3) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the submission of the strategy pursuant to para-
graph (2)(A), and not later than October 1 of each 
year thereafter, the President shall submit to the 
committees listed in such paragraph a report that 
describes the status of the implementation of such 
strategy. 
(B) CONTENTS.—Each report submitted pur-
suant to subparagraph (A) shall— 
(i) identify any substantial changes made 
to the strategy during the preceding calendar 
year; 
(ii) describe the progress made in imple-
menting the strategy, including specific infor-
mation related to the progress toward improv-
ing countries’ ability to detect, prevent, and re-
spond to infectious disease threats; 
(iii) identify— 
(I) the indicators used to establish 
benchmarks and measure results over 
time; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(II) the mechanisms for reporting 
such results in an open and transparent 
manner; 
(iv) contain a transparent, open, and de-
tailed accounting of obligations by relevant 
Federal departments and agencies to imple-
ment the strategy, including, to the extent 
practicable, for each such Federal department 
and agency, the statutory source of obligated 
funds, the amounts obligated, implementing 
partners and sub-partners, targeted bene-
ficiaries, and activities supported; 
(v) the efforts of the relevant Federal de-
partment or agency to ensure that the activi-
ties and programs carried out pursuant to the 
strategy are designed to achieve maximum im-
pact and enduring results, including through 
specific activities to strengthen health systems 
for global health security and pandemic preven-
tion, preparedness, and response, as appro-
priate; 
(vi) assess efforts to coordinate United 
States global health security programs, activi-
ties, and initiatives with key stakeholders;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(vii) incorporate a plan for regularly re-
viewing and updating strategies, partnerships, 
and programs and sharing lessons learned with 
a wide range of stakeholders in an open, trans-
parent manner; and 
(viii) describe the progress achieved and 
challenges concerning the United States Gov-
ernment’s ability to advance the Global Health 
Security Agenda and pandemic preparedness, 
including data disaggregated by priority coun-
try using indicators that are consistent on a 
year-to-year basis and recommendations to re-
solve, mitigate, or otherwise address the chal-
lenges identified through such indicators. 
(C) FORM.—The strategy and reports required 
under this subsection shall be submitted in unclassi-
fied form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(b) UNITED
STATES
COORDINATOR
FOR
GLOBAL 
HEALTH SECURITY.—The President shall designate an ap-
propriate senior official to be the United States Coordinator 
for Global Health Security, who shall be responsible for the 
coordination of the Global Health Security Agenda Inter-
agency Review Council and who should—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) have significant background and expertise in 
public health, health security, and emergency response 
management; 
(2) coordinate, through a whole-of-government ap-
proach, the efforts of relevant Federal departments and 
agencies to implement the strategy under subsection (a); 
and 
(3) seek to fully use the unique capabilities of each 
relevant Federal department and agency and ensure ef-
fective and appropriate United States representation at 
relevant international forums, while collaborating with 
and leveraging the contributions of other key stake-
holders. 
(c) AMBASSADOR-AT-LARGE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SE-
CURITY AND DIPLOMACY.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established, within 
the Department of State, the position of Ambassador-At- 
Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy (re-
ferred to in this section as the ‘‘Ambassador-At-Large’’). 
(2) APPOINTMENT; QUALIFICATIONS.—The Ambas-
sador-At-Large— 
(A) shall be appointed by the President, by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate; 
(B) shall report to the Secretary of State; and 
(C) shall have—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(i) demonstrated knowledge and experi-
ence in the field of health security, develop-
ment, public health, epidemiology, or medicine; 
and 
(ii) relevant diplomatic, policy, and polit-
ical expertise. 
(3) 
AUTHORITIES.—The 
Ambassador-At-Large 
may— 
(A) operate internationally to carry out the 
purposes of this section; 
(B) ensure effective coordination, management, 
and oversight of United States foreign policy, diplo-
matic efforts, and foreign assistance funded with 
amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to 
section 5564(a) that are used by the Department of 
State to advance the relevant elements of the 
United States global health security and diplomacy 
strategy developed pursuant to subsection (a) by— 
(i) developing and updating, as appro-
priate, in collaboration with the Administrator 
of the USAID and the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, related policy guidance and 
unified auditing, monitoring, and evaluation 
plans;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(ii) avoiding duplication of effort and col-
laborating with other relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies; 
(iii) leading, in collaboration with the Sec-
retary of Health and Human Services, the Ad-
ministrator of the USAID, and other relevant 
Federal departments and agencies, diplomatic 
efforts to identify and address current and 
emerging threats to global health security; 
(iv) working to enhance coordination with, 
and transparency among, the governments of 
partner countries and key stakeholders, includ-
ing the private sector; 
(v) promoting greater donor and national 
investment in partner countries to build health 
systems and supply chains for global health se-
curity and pandemic prevention and prepared-
ness; 
(vi) securing bilateral and multilateral fi-
nancing commitments to advance the Global 
Health Security Agenda, in coordination with 
relevant Federal departments and agencies, in-
cluding through funding for the Financial 
Intermediary Fund for Pandemic Prevention, 
Preparedness, and Response; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(vii) providing regular updates to the ap-
propriate congressional committees, the Com-
mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pen-
sions of the Senate, and the Committee on En-
ergy and Commerce of the House of Rep-
resentatives regarding the fulfillment of the ac-
tivities described in this paragraph; 
(C) ensure, in collaboration with the Secretary 
of the Treasury, the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, and the Administrator of the 
USAID, effective representation of the United 
States in the Financial Intermediary Fund for Pan-
demic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response; 
(D) use detailees, on a reimbursable or nonre-
imbursable basis, from relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies and hire personal service con-
tractors, who may operate domestically and inter-
nationally, to ensure that the Ambassador-At-Large 
has access to the highest quality experts available to 
the United States Government to carry out the 
functions under this subtitle; and 
(E) perform such other functions as the Sec-
retary of State may assign.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(d) STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR GLOBAL 
HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PRE-
PAREDNESS.— 
(1) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to ensure that bilateral global health as-
sistance programs are effectively managed and coordi-
nated, as necessary and appropriate to achieve the pur-
poses of this subtitle, to contribute to the strengthening 
of health systems for global health security and pan-
demic prevention, preparedness, and response in each 
country in which such programs are carried out. 
(2) COORDINATION.—The Administrator of the 
USAID shall work with the Global Malaria Coordinator, 
the Coordinator of United States Government Activities 
to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally, the Ambassador-at- 
Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy at the 
Department of State, and the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, to identify areas of collaboration and 
coordination in countries with global health programs 
and activities undertaken by the USAID pursuant to the 
United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuber-
culosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–25) 
and other relevant provisions of law, to ensure that such 
activities contribute to the strengthening of health sys-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
tems for global health security and pandemic prevention 
and preparedness. 
(e) COORDINATION
FOR
INTERNATIONAL
PANDEMIC 
EARLY WARNING NETWORK.— 
(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
in coordination with the Secretary of State, the USAID 
Administrator, the Director of the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention, and the heads of the other rel-
evant Federal departments and agencies, should work 
with the World Health Organization and other key 
stakeholders to establish or strengthen effective early 
warning systems, at the partner country, regional, and 
international levels, that utilize innovative information 
and analytical tools and robust review processes to track, 
document, analyze, and forecast infectious disease 
threats with epidemic and pandemic potential. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 
the following 4 years, the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of 
State and the heads of the other relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies, shall submit a report to the ap-
propriate congressional committees, the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate,
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•HRES 1512 EH 
and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives that describes United States 
Government efforts and opportunities to establish or 
strengthen effective early warning systems to detect in-
fectious disease threats internationally. 
(f) INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY OPERATIONS.— 
(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that it is essential to enhance the capacity of key 
stakeholders to effectively operationalize early warning 
and execute multi-sectoral emergency operations during 
an infectious disease outbreak, particularly in countries 
and areas that deliberately withhold critical global health 
data and delay access during an infectious disease out-
break, in advance of the next infectious disease outbreak 
with pandemic potential. 
(2) PUBLIC
HEALTH
EMERGENCIES
OF
INTER-
NATIONAL
CONCERN.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of 
State, should work with the World Health Organization 
and like-minded member states to adopt an approach to-
ward assessing infectious disease threats under the 
International Health Regulations (2005) for the World 
Health Organization to identify and transparently com-
municate, on an ongoing basis, varying levels of risk 
leading up to a declaration by the Director General of
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•HRES 1512 EH 
the World Health Organization of a Public Health 
Emergency of International Concern for the duration 
and in the aftermath of such declaration. 
(3) EMERGENCY
OPERATIONS.—The Secretary of 
Health and Human Services, in coordination with the 
Secretary of State, the Administrator of the USAID, the 
Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Preven-
tion, and the heads of other relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies and consistent with the requirements 
under the International Health Regulations (2005) and 
the objectives of the World Health Organization’s Health 
Emergencies Programme, the Global Health Security 
Agenda, and national actions plans for health security, 
should work, in cooperation with the World Health Or-
ganization, with partner countries, and other key stake-
holders, to support the establishment, strengthening, and 
rapid response capacity of global health emergency oper-
ations centers, at the partner country and international 
levels, including efforts— 
(A) to collect and share de-identified public 
health data, assess risk, and operationalize early 
warning; 
(B) to secure, including through utilization of 
stand-by arrangements and emergency funding 
mechanisms, the staff, systems, and resources nec-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
essary to execute cross-sectoral emergency oper-
ations during the 48-hour period immediately fol-
lowing an infectious disease outbreak with pandemic 
potential; and 
(C) to organize and conduct emergency simula-
tions. 
SEC. 5563. FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY FUND FOR PANDEMIC 
PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS, AND RESPONSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) FINDING.—Congress finds that the Financial 
Intermediary Fund for Pandemic Prevention, Prepared-
ness, and Response (referred to in this section as the 
‘‘Fund’’) was established in September 2022 by donor 
countries, relevant United Nations agencies, including 
the World Health Organization, and other key multilat-
eral stakeholders as a multilateral, catalytic financing 
mechanism for pandemic prevention and preparedness. 
(2) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Fund 
are— 
(A) closing critical gaps in pandemic preven-
tion and preparedness; and 
(B) working with, and building the capacity of, 
eligible partner countries in the areas of global 
health security, infectious disease control, and pan-
demic prevention and preparedness in order to—
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(i) prioritize capacity building and financ-
ing availability in eligible partner countries; 
(ii) incentivize countries to prioritize the 
use of domestic resources for global health se-
curity and pandemic prevention and prepared-
ness; 
(iii) leverage governmental, nongovern-
mental, and private sector investments; 
(iv) regularly respond to and evaluate 
progress based on clear metrics and bench-
marks, such as those developed through the 
IHR 
(2005) 
Monitoring 
and 
Evaluation 
Framework and the Global Health Security 
Index; 
(v) align with and complement ongoing bi-
lateral and multilateral efforts and financing, 
including through the World Bank, the World 
Health Organization, the Global Fund to Fight 
AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the Coalition 
for Epidemic Preparedness and Innovation, 
and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance; and 
(vi) help countries accelerate and achieve 
compliance with the International Health Reg-
ulations (2005) and fulfill the Global Health 
Security Agenda 2024 Framework not later
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than 8 years after the date on which the Fund 
is established, in coordination with the ongoing 
Joint External Evaluation national action plan-
ning process. 
(3) GOVERNING BOARD.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Fund should be gov-
erned by a transparent, representative, and ac-
countable body (referred to in this section as the 
‘‘Governing Board’’), which should— 
(i) function as a partnership with, and 
through full engagement by, donor govern-
ments, eligible partner countries, and inde-
pendent civil society; and 
(ii) be composed of not more than 25 rep-
resentatives of governments, foundations, aca-
demic institutions, independent civil society, in-
digenous people, vulnerable communities, front-
line health workers, and the private sector with 
demonstrated commitment to carrying out the 
purposes of the Fund and upholding trans-
parency and accountability requirements. 
(B) DUTIES.—The Governing Board should— 
(i) be charged with approving strategies, 
operations, and grant making authorities such 
that it is able to conduct effective fiduciary,
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monitoring, and evaluation efforts, and other 
oversight functions; 
(ii) determine operational procedures to 
enable the Fund to effectively fulfill its mis-
sion; 
(iii) provide oversight and accountability 
for the Fund in collaboration with a qualified 
and independent Inspector General; 
(iv) develop and utilize a mechanism to 
obtain formal input from eligible partner coun-
tries, independent civil society, and imple-
menting entities relative to program design, re-
view, and implementation and associated les-
sons learned; and 
(v) coordinate and align with other multi-
lateral financing and technical assistance ac-
tivities, and with the activities of the United 
States and other nations leading pandemic pre-
vention, preparedness, and response activities 
in partner countries, as appropriate. 
(C) COMPOSITION.—The Governing Board 
should include— 
(i) representatives of the governments of 
founding member countries who, in addition to
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meeting the requirements under subparagraph 
(A), qualify based upon— 
(I) meeting an established initial con-
tribution threshold, which should be not 
less than 10 percent of the country’s total 
initial contributions; and 
(II) demonstrating a commitment to 
supporting the International Health Regu-
lations (2005); 
(ii) a geographically diverse group of 
members from donor countries, academic insti-
tutions, independent civil society, including 
faith-based and indigenous organizations, and 
the private sector who are selected on the basis 
of their experience and commitment to innova-
tion, best practices, and the advancement of 
global health security objectives; and 
(iii) representatives of the World Health 
Organization, to serve in an observer status. 
(D) CONTRIBUTIONS.—Each government or 
private sector foundation or for-profit entity rep-
resented on the Governing Board should agree to 
make annual contributions to the Fund in an 
amount that is not less than the minimum amount 
determined by the Governing Board.
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(E) QUALIFICATIONS.—Individuals appointed 
to the Governing Board should have demonstrated 
knowledge and experience across a variety of sec-
tors, including human and animal health, agri-
culture, development, defense, finance, research, 
and academia. 
(F) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.—All Governing 
Board members should be required to recuse them-
selves from matters presenting conflicts of interest, 
including financing decisions relating to such coun-
tries, bodies, and institutions. 
(G) 
REMOVAL
PROCEDURES.—The 
Fund 
should establish procedures for the removal of mem-
bers of the Governing Board who— 
(i) engage in a consistent pattern of 
human rights abuses; 
(ii) fail to uphold global health data trans-
parency requirements; or 
(iii) otherwise violate the established 
standards of the Fund, including in relation to 
corruption. 
(b) AUTHORITY FOR UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION.— 
(1) FOUNDING MEMBER.—The United States is au-
thorized to participate in the Fund and shall be rep-
resented on the Governing Board by an officer or em-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
ployee of the United States Government who has been 
appointed by the President (referred in this section as 
the ‘‘FIF Representative’’). 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE; TERMINATION DATE.— 
(A) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This subsection shall 
take effect on the date on which the Secretary of 
State submits to Congress a certified copy of the 
agreement establishing the Fund. 
(B) TERMINATION
DATE.—The membership 
authorized under paragraph (1) shall terminate on 
the date on which the Fund is terminated. 
(3) ENFORCEABILITY.—Any agreement concluded 
under the authorities provided under this subsection 
shall be legally effective and binding upon the United 
States, in accordance with the terms of the agreement— 
(A) upon the enactment of appropriate imple-
menting legislation that provides for the approval of 
the specific agreement or agreements, including at-
tachments, annexes, and supporting documentation, 
as appropriate; or 
(B) if concluded and submitted as a treaty, 
upon the approval by the Senate of the resolution 
of ratification of such treaty. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION
OF PROGRAM OBJECTIVES.—In 
carrying out the objectives described in subsection (a)(2), the
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•HRES 1512 EH 
Fund should work to eliminate duplication and waste by up-
holding strict transparency and accountability standards and 
coordinating its programs and activities with key partners 
working to advance pandemic prevention and preparedness. 
(d) PRIORITY
COUNTRIES.—In providing assistance 
under this section, the Fund should give priority to low- and 
lower middle-income countries with— 
(1) low scores on the Global Health Security Index 
classification of health systems; 
(2) measurable gaps in global health security and 
pandemic prevention and preparedness identified under 
the IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation Framework 
and national action plans for health security; 
(3) demonstrated political and financial commit-
ment to pandemic prevention and preparedness; and 
(4) demonstrated commitment to— 
(A) upholding global health budget and data 
transparency and accountability standards; 
(B) complying with the International Health 
Regulations (2005); 
(C) investing in domestic health systems; and 
(D) achieving measurable results. 
(e) ACCOUNTABILITY; CONFLICTS OF INTEREST; CRI-
TERIA FOR PROGRAMS.—The FIF Representative shall—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) take such actions as may be necessary to ensure 
that the Fund will have in effect adequate procedures 
and standards to account for and monitor the use of 
funds contributed to the Fund, including the cost of ad-
ministering the Fund, by— 
(A) engaging Fund stakeholders; and 
(B) actively promoting transparency and ac-
countability of Fund governance and operations; 
(2) seek to ensure there is agreement to put in 
place a conflict of interest policy to ensure fairness and 
a high standard of ethical conduct in the Fund’s deci-
sion-making processes, including proactive procedures to 
screen staff for conflicts of interest and measures to ad-
dress any conflicts, such as— 
(A) potential divestments of interests; 
(B) prohibition from engaging in certain activi-
ties; 
(C) recusal from certain decision-making and 
administrative processes; and 
(D) representation by an alternate board mem-
ber; and 
(3) seek agreement on the criteria that should be 
used to determine the programs and activities that 
should be assisted by the Fund.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(f) SELECTION
OF PARTNER COUNTRIES, PROJECTS, 
AND RECIPIENTS.—The Governing Board should establish— 
(1) eligible partner country selection criteria, in-
cluding transparent metrics to measure and assess global 
health security and pandemic prevention and prepared-
ness strengths and vulnerabilities in countries seeking 
assistance; 
(2) minimum standards for ensuring eligible part-
ner country ownership and commitment to long-term re-
sults, including requirements for domestic budgeting, re-
source mobilization, and co-investment; 
(3) criteria for the selection of projects to receive 
support from the Fund; 
(4) standards and criteria regarding qualifications 
of recipients of such support; and 
(5) such rules and procedures as may be nec-
essary— 
(A) for cost-effective management of the Fund; 
and 
(B) to ensure transparency and accountability 
in the grant-making process. 
(g) ADDITIONAL TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY 
REQUIREMENTS.—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) INSPECTOR GENERAL.—The FIF Representa-
tive shall seek to ensure that the Fund maintains an 
independent Office of the Inspector General that— 
(A) is fully enabled to operate independently 
and transparently; 
(B) is supported by and with the requisite re-
sources and capacity to regularly conduct and pub-
lish, on a publicly accessible website, rigorous finan-
cial, programmatic, and reporting audits and inves-
tigations of the Fund and its grantees, including 
subgrantees; and 
(C) establishes an investigative unit that— 
(i) develops an oversight mechanism to en-
sure that grant funds are not diverted to illicit 
or corrupt purposes or activities; and 
(ii) submits an annual report to the Gov-
erning Board describing its activities, inves-
tigations, and results. 
(2) SENSE OF CONGRESS ON CORRUPTION.—It is 
the sense of Congress that— 
(A) corruption within global health programs 
contribute directly to the loss of human life and 
cannot be tolerated; and 
(B) in making financial recoveries relating to a 
corrupt act or criminal conduct committed by a
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•HRES 1512 EH 
grant recipient, as determined by the Inspector 
General described in paragraph (1), the responsible 
grant recipient should be assessed at a recovery rate 
of up to 150 percent of such loss. 
(3) ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES; FINANCIAL TRACK-
ING SYSTEMS.—The FIF Representative shall seek to 
ensure that the Fund establishes, maintains, and makes 
publicly available a system to track— 
(A) the administrative and management costs 
of the Fund on a quarterly basis; and 
(B) the amount of funds disbursed to each 
grant recipient and subrecipient during each grant’s 
fiscal cycle. 
(4) EXEMPTION FROM DUTIES AND TAXES.—The 
FIF Representative should seek to ensure that the Fund 
adopts rules that condition grants upon agreement by 
the relevant national authorities in an eligible partner 
country to exempt from duties and taxes all products fi-
nanced by such grants, including procurements by any 
principal or subrecipient for the purpose of carrying out 
such grants. 
(h) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.— 
(1) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
nually thereafter for the duration of the Fund, the 
Secretary of State, in collaboration with the Admin-
istrator of the USAID and the heads of other rel-
evant Federal departments and agencies, shall sub-
mit a report on the activities of the Fund to the ap-
propriate congressional committees. 
(B) REPORT
ELEMENTS.—Each report re-
quired under subparagraph (A) shall describe— 
(i) the goals of the Fund; 
(ii) the programs, projects, and activities 
supported by the Fund; 
(iii) private and governmental contribu-
tions to the Fund; and 
(iv) the criteria utilized to determine the 
programs and activities that should be assisted 
by the Fund, including baselines, targets, de-
sired outcomes, measurable goals, and extent 
to which those goals are being achieved. 
(2) GAO REPORT ON EFFECTIVENESS.—Not later 
than 2 years after the date on which the Fund is estab-
lished, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that evaluates the effectiveness of the Fund, 
including—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(A) the effectiveness of the programs, projects, 
and activities supported by the Fund; and 
(B) an assessment of the merits of continued 
United States participation in the Fund. 
(i) UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (4)(C), the 
President may provide contributions to the Fund. 
(2) NOTIFICATION.—The Secretary of State, the 
Administrator of the USAID, or the head of any other 
relevant Federal department or agency shall submit a 
notification to the appropriate congressional committees 
not later than 15 days before making a contribution to 
the Fund that identifies— 
(A) the amount of the proposed contribution; 
(B) the total of funds contributed by other do-
nors; and 
(C) the national interests served by United 
States participation in the Fund. 
(3) LIMITATION.—During the 5-year period begin-
ning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the cumu-
lative total of United States contributions to the Fund 
may not exceed 33 percent of the total contributions to 
the Fund from all sources. 
(4) WITHHOLDINGS.—
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(A) SUPPORT FOR ACTS OF INTERNATIONAL 
TERRORISM.—If the Secretary of State determines 
that the Fund has provided assistance to a country, 
the government of which the Secretary of State has 
determined, for purposes of section 620A of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) 
has repeatedly provided support for acts of inter-
national terrorism, the United States shall withhold 
from its contribution to the Fund for the next fiscal 
year an amount equal to the amount expended by 
the Fund to the government of such country. 
(B) EXCESSIVE SALARIES.—If the Secretary of 
State determines that the salary during any of the 
first 5 fiscal years beginning after the date of the 
enactment of this Act of any individual employed by 
the Fund exceeds the salary of the Vice President 
of the United States for such fiscal year, the United 
States should withhold from its contribution for the 
following fiscal year an amount equal to the aggre-
gate difference between the 2 salaries. 
(C) 
ACCOUNTABILITY
CERTIFICATION
RE-
QUIREMENT.—The Secretary of State may withhold 
not more than 20 percent of planned United States 
contributions to the Fund until the Secretary cer-
tifies to the appropriate congressional committees
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•HRES 1512 EH 
that the Fund has established procedures to provide 
access by the Office of Inspector General of the De-
partment of State, as cognizant Inspector General, 
the Inspector General of the Department of Health 
and Human Services, the USAID Inspector Gen-
eral, and the Comptroller General of the United 
States to the Fund’s financial data and other infor-
mation relevant to United States contributions to 
the Fund (as determined by the Inspector General 
of the Department of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State). 
SEC. 5564. GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated $5,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning 
on October 1, 2022 to carry out the purposes of sections 
5562 and 5563, which may be in addition to amounts 
otherwise made available for such purposes, in consulta-
tion with the appropriate congressional committees and 
subject to the requirements under chapters 1 and 10 of 
part I and section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.). 
(2) EXCEPTION.—Section 110 of the Trafficking 
Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107) shall
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•HRES 1512 EH 
not apply with respect to assistance made available 
under this subtitle. 
(b) COMPLIANCE WITH
THE FOREIGN AID TRANS-
PARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2016.—Section 2(3) 
of the Foreign Aid Transparency and Accountability Act of 
2016 (Public Law 114–191; 22 U.S.C. 2394c note) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(F) the Global Health Security and Inter-
national Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and 
Response Act of 2022.’’. 
SEC. 5565. SUNSET. 
This subtitle shall cease to be effective on September 30, 
2027. 
SEC. 5566. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this subtitle may be construed to impair or 
otherwise affect the authorities granted to the Administrator 
of the USAID, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
or the head of any other Federal department or agency under 
any applicable law.
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Subtitle E—Burma Act of 2022 
SEC. 5567. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Burma Unified 
through Rigorous Military Accountability Act of 2022’’ or the 
‘‘BURMA Act of 2022’’. 
SEC. 5568. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) BURMESE MILITARY.—The term ‘‘Burmese mili-
tary’’— 
(A) means the Armed Forces of Burma, in-
cluding the army, navy, and air force; and 
(B) includes security services under the control 
of the Armed Forces of Burma, such as the police 
and border guards. 
(2) EXECUTIVE ORDER 14014.—The term ‘‘Execu-
tive Order 14014’’ means Executive Order 14014 (86 
Fed. Reg. 9429; relating to blocking property with re-
spect to the situation in Burma). 
(3) GENOCIDE.—The term ‘‘genocide’’ means any 
offense described in section 1091(a) of title 18, United 
States Code. 
(4) WAR CRIME.—The term ‘‘war crime’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 2441(c) of title 18, 
United States Code.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
PART 1—MATTERS RELATING TO THE CONFLICT IN 
BURMA 
SEC. 5569. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States to— 
(1) continue to support the people of Burma in 
their struggle for democracy, human rights, and justice; 
(2) support the efforts of the National Unity Gov-
ernment (NUG), the National Unity Consultative Coun-
cil (NUCC), the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu 
Hluttaw (CRPH), the Burmese Civil Disobedience Move-
ment, and other entities in Burma and in other coun-
tries to oppose the Burmese military and bring about an 
end to the military junta’s rule; 
(3) support a credible process for the restoration of 
civilian government in Burma, with a reformed Burmese 
military under civilian control and the enactment of con-
stitutional, political, and economic reform that protects 
the rights of minority groups and furthers a federalist 
form of government; 
(4) hold accountable perpetrators of human rights 
violations committed against ethnic groups in Burma 
and the people of Burma, including through the Feb-
ruary 2022 coup d’etat; 
(5) hold accountable the Russian Federation and 
the People’s Republic of China for their support of the 
Burmese military;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(6) continue to provide humanitarian assistance to 
populations impacted by violence perpetrated by the 
Burmese military wherever they may reside, and coordi-
nate efforts among like-minded governments and other 
international donors to maximize the effectiveness of as-
sistance and support for the people of Burma; 
(7) secure the unconditional release of all unlawfully 
detained individuals in Burma, including those detained 
for the exercise of their fundamental freedoms; and 
(8) provide humanitarian assistance to the people of 
Burma in Burma, Bangladesh, Thailand, and the sur-
rounding region without going through the Burmese 
military. 
PART 2—SANCTIONS AND POLICY COORDINATION 
WITH RESPECT TO BURMA 
SEC. 5570. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ and 
‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in section 
101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1101). 
(2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
The 
term 
‘‘appropriate 
congressional 
committees’’ 
means—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Affairs of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
Representatives. 
(3) CORRESPONDENT ACCOUNT; PAYABLE-THROUGH 
ACCOUNT.—The terms ‘‘correspondent account’’ and 
‘‘payable-through account’’ have the meanings given 
those terms in section 5318A of title 31, United States 
Code. 
(4) FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTION.—The term 
‘‘foreign financial institution’’ has the meaning of that 
term as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury by 
regulation. 
(5) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign person’’ 
means a person that is not a United States person. 
(6) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with re-
spect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that 
a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, 
of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. 
(7) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means an indi-
vidual or entity. 
(8) SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘support’’, with respect to 
the Burmese military, means to knowingly have materi-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
ally assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, 
or technological support for, or goods or services to or 
in support of the Burmese military. 
(9) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term ‘‘United 
States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
admitted to the United States for permanent resi-
dence; 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; 
or 
(C) any person in the United States. 
SEC. 5571. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND PERPETRATION OF A 
COUP IN BURMA. 
(a) MANDATORY SANCTIONS.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (d) with re-
spect to any foreign person that the President determines— 
(1) is a senior official of— 
(A) the Burmese military or security forces of 
Burma; 
(B) the State Administration Council, the mili-
tary-appointed cabinet at the level of Deputy Min-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
ister or higher, or a military-appointed minister of 
a Burmese state or region; or 
(C) an entity that primarily operates in the de-
fense sector of the Burmese economy; or 
(2) is a Burmese state-owned commercial enterprise 
(other than an entity described in subsections (c)(1) and 
(c)(2)) that— 
(A) is operating in the industrial or extractive 
sectors; and 
(B) significantly financially benefits the Bur-
mese military. 
(b) ADDITIONAL MEASURE RELATING TO FACILITATION 
OF TRANSACTIONS.—The Secretary of the Treasury may, in 
consultation with the Secretary of State, prohibit or impose 
strict conditions on the opening or maintaining in the United 
States of a correspondent account or payable-through account 
by a foreign financial institution that the President deter-
mines has, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
knowingly conducted or facilitated a significant transaction or 
transactions on behalf of a foreign person subject to sanc-
tions under this section imposed pursuant to subsection (a). 
(c) ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS.—The President may im-
pose the sanctions described in subsection (d) with respect 
to— 
(1) the Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) any Burmese state-owned enterprise that— 
(A) is not operating in the industrial or extrac-
tive sectors; and 
(B) significantly financially benefits the Bur-
mese military; 
(3) a spouse or adult child of any person described 
in subsection (a)(1); 
(4) any foreign person that, leading up to, during, 
and since the February 1, 2021, coup d’etat in Burma, 
is responsible for or has directly and knowingly engaged 
in— 
(A) actions or policies that significantly under-
mine democratic processes or institutions in Burma; 
(B) actions or policies that significantly threat-
en the peace, security, or stability of Burma; 
(C) actions or policies by a Burmese person 
that— 
(i) significantly prohibit, limit, or penalize 
the exercise of freedom of expression or assem-
bly by people in Burma; or 
(ii) limit access to print, online, or broad-
cast media in Burma; or 
(D) the orchestration of arbitrary detention or 
torture in Burma or other serious human rights 
abuses in Burma; or
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(5) any Burmese entity that provides materiel to 
the Burmese military. 
(d) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions described in 
this subsection are the following: 
(1) PROPERTY BLOCKING.—The President may ex-
ercise all powers granted to the President by the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and pro-
hibit all transactions in all property and interests in 
property of the foreign person if such property and in-
terests in property are in the United States, come within 
the United States, or are or come within the possession 
or control of a United States person. 
(2) FOREIGN EXCHANGE.—The President may, pur-
suant to such regulations as the President may pre-
scribe, prohibit any transactions in foreign exchange that 
are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and 
in which the foreign person has any interest. 
(3) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—An alien who is described 
in subsection (a) or (c) is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible for a visa or other docu-
mentation to enter the United States; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or 
paroled into the United States or to receive 
any other benefit under the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The issuing consular 
officer, the Secretary of State, or the Secretary 
of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of 
such Secretaries) shall, in accordance with sec-
tion 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), revoke any visa or 
other entry documentation issued to an alien 
described in subparagraph (A) regardless of 
when the visa or other entry documentation is 
issued. 
(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A revoca-
tion under clause (i)— 
(I) shall take effect immediately; and 
(II) shall automatically cancel any 
other valid visa or entry documentation 
that is in the alien’s possession. 
(e) ASSESSMENT
AND REPORT
ON SANCTIONS WITH 
RESPECT TO BURMESE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE OPER-
ATING IN THE ENERGY SECTOR.—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall 
conduct an assessment with respect to the Burmese 
state-owned enterprise described in subsection (c)(1), in-
cluding relevant factors pertaining to the possible appli-
cation of sanctions on such enterprise. 
(2) REPORT REQUIRED.—Upon making the deter-
mination required by paragraph (1), the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port on the assessment. 
(3) FORM
OF
REPORT.—The report required by 
paragraph (2) shall be submitted in unclassified form 
but may include a classified annex. 
(f) EXCEPTIONS.— 
(1) EXCEPTION FOR INTELLIGENCE, LAW ENFORCE-
MENT, AND NATIONAL SECURITY ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions 
under this section shall not apply to any authorized in-
telligence, law enforcement, or national security activities 
of the United States. 
(2) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTERNATIONAL 
OBLIGATIONS.—Sanctions under subsection (d)(3) shall 
not apply with respect to the admission of an alien if ad-
mitting or paroling the alien into the United States is 
necessary to permit the United States to comply with the 
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United
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Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and en-
tered into force November 21, 1947, between the United 
Nations and the United States, or other applicable inter-
national obligations. 
(3) EXCEPTION RELATING TO THE PROVISION OF 
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE.—Sanctions under this sec-
tion may not be imposed with respect to transactions or 
the facilitation of transactions for— 
(A) the sale of agricultural commodities, food, 
medicine, or medical devices to Burma; 
(B) the provision of humanitarian assistance to 
the people of Burma; 
(C) financial transactions relating to humani-
tarian assistance or for humanitarian purposes in 
Burma; or 
(D) transporting goods or services that are 
necessary to carry out operations relating to hu-
manitarian assistance or humanitarian purposes in 
Burma. 
(4) EXCEPTION
RELATING
TO
WIND-DOWN
OF 
PROJECTS.—Sanctions under this section shall not be 
imposed with respect to transactions or the facilitation 
of transactions related to the disposition of investments 
pursuant to—
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(A) agreements entered into between United 
States persons and the Government of Burma prior 
to May 21, 1997; 
(B) the exercise of rights pursuant to such 
agreements; or 
(C) transactions related to the subsequent op-
eration of the assets encompassed by such disposed 
investments. 
(g) WAIVER.—The President may, on a case-by-case 
basis waive the application of sanctions or restrictions im-
posed with respect to a foreign person under this section if 
the President certifies to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees at the time such waiver is to take effect that the 
waiver is in the national interest of the United States. 
(h) IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exer-
cise all authorities provided to the President under sec-
tions 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry 
out this section. 
(2) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in sub-
sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall 
apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, con-
spires to violate, or causes a violation of this section or
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•HRES 1512 EH 
any regulations promulgated under this section to the 
same extent that such penalties apply to a person that 
commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of 
that Act. 
(i) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for 8 years, 
the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 
the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a classified report that— 
(1) describes the primary sources of income to 
which the Burmese military has access and that the 
United States has been unable to reach using sanctions 
authorities; and 
(2) assesses the impact of the sanctions imposed 
pursuant to the authorities under this section on the 
Burmese people and the Burmese military. 
SEC. 5572. SANCTIONS AND POLICY COORDINATION FOR 
BURMA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The head of the Office of Sanctions 
Coordination in the Department of State should develop a 
comprehensive strategy for the implementation of the full 
range of United States diplomatic capabilities to implement 
Burma-related sanctions in order to promote human rights 
and the restoration of civilian government in Burma.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(b) MATTERS
TO BE INCLUDED.—The strategy de-
scribed in subsection (a) should include plans and steps to— 
(1) coordinate the sanctions policies of the United 
States with relevant bureaus and offices in the Depart-
ment of State and other relevant United States Govern-
ment agencies; 
(2) conduct relevant research and vetting of entities 
and individuals that may be subject to sanctions and co-
ordinate with other United States Government agencies 
and international financial intelligence units to assist in 
efforts to enforce anti-money laundering and anti-cor-
ruption laws and regulations; 
(3) promote a comprehensive international effort to 
impose and enforce multilateral sanctions with respect to 
Burma; 
(4) support interagency United States Government 
efforts, including efforts of the United States Chief of 
Mission to Burma, the United States Ambassador to 
ASEAN, and the United States Permanent Representa-
tive to the United Nations, relating to— 
(A) identifying opportunities to exert pressure 
on the governments of the People’s Republic of 
China and the Russian Federation to support multi-
lateral action against the Burmese military; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) working with like-minded partners to im-
pose a coordinated arms embargo on the Burmese 
military and targeted sanctions on the economic in-
terests of the Burmese military, including through 
the introduction and adoption of a United Nations 
Security Council resolution; and 
(5) provide timely input for reporting on the im-
pacts of the implementation of sanctions on the Burmese 
military and the people of Burma. 
SEC. 5573. SUPPORT FOR GREATER UNITED NATIONS ACTION 
WITH RESPECT TO BURMA. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the United Nations Security Council has not 
taken adequate steps to condemn the February 1, 2021, 
coup in Burma, pressure the Burmese military to cease 
its violence against civilians, or secure the release of 
those unjustly detained; 
(2) countries, such as the People’s Republic of 
China and the Russian Federation, that are directly or 
indirectly shielding the Burmese military from inter-
national scrutiny and action, should be obliged to endure 
the reputational damage of doing so by taking public 
votes on resolutions related to Burma that apply greater
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•HRES 1512 EH 
pressure on the Burmese military to restore Burma to 
its democratic path; and 
(3) the United Nations Secretariat and the United 
Nations Security Council should take concrete steps to 
address the coup and ongoing crisis in Burma consistent 
with United Nations General Assembly resolution 75/ 
287, ‘‘The situation in Myanmar,’’ which was adopted 
on June 18, 2021. 
(b) SUPPORT
FOR GREATER ACTION.—The President 
shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to 
the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of 
the United States to spur greater action by the United Na-
tions and the United Nations Security Council with respect 
to Burma by— 
(1) pushing the United Nations Security Council to 
consider a resolution condemning the February 1, 2021, 
coup and calling on the Burmese military to cease its vi-
olence against the people of Burma and release without 
preconditions the journalists, pro-democracy activists, 
and political officials that it has unjustly detained; 
(2) pushing the United Nations Security Council to 
consider a resolution that immediately imposes a global 
arms embargo against Burma to ensure that the Bur-
mese military is not able to obtain weapons and muni-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
tions from other nations to further harm, murder, and 
oppress the people of Burma; 
(3) pushing the United Nations and other United 
Nations authorities to cut off assistance to the Govern-
ment of Burma while providing humanitarian assistance 
directly to the people of Burma through United Nations 
bodies and civil society organizations, particularly such 
organizations working with ethnic minorities that have 
been adversely affected by the coup and the Burmese 
military’s violent crackdown; and 
(4) spurring the United Nations Security Council to 
consider multilateral sanctions against the Burmese mili-
tary for its atrocities against Rohingya and individuals 
of other ethnic and religious minorities, its coup, and the 
atrocities it has and continues to commit in the coup’s 
aftermath. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that the United States Permanent Representative to the 
United Nations should use the voice, vote, and influence of 
the United States to— 
(1) object to the appointment of representatives to 
the United Nations and United Nations bodies such as 
the Human Rights Council that are sanctioned by the 
Burmese military; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) work to ensure the Burmese military is not rec-
ognized as the legitimate government of Burma in any 
United Nations body. 
SEC. 5574. SUNSET. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The authority to impose sanctions 
and the sanctions imposed under this part shall terminate on 
the date that is 8 years after the date of the enactment of 
this Act. 
(b) CERTIFICATION
FOR EARLY SUNSET
OF SANC-
TIONS.—Sanctions imposed under this part may be removed 
before the date specified in subsection (a), if the President 
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a certifi-
cation that— 
(1) the Burmese military has released all political 
prisoners taken into custody on or after February 1, 
2021, or is providing legal recourse to those that remain 
in custody; 
(2) the elected government of Burma has been rein-
stated or new free and fair elections have been held; 
(3) all legal charges against those winning election 
in November 2020 are dropped; and 
(4) the 2008 constitution of Burma has been 
amended or replaced to place the Burmese military 
under civilian oversight and ensure that the Burmese
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•HRES 1512 EH 
military no longer automatically receives 25 percent of 
seats in Burma’s state, regional, and national Hluttaws. 
(c) NOTIFICATION FOR EARLY SUNSET OF SANCTIONS 
ON INDIVIDUALS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The President may terminate 
the application of sanctions under this part with respect 
to specific individuals if the President submits to the ap-
propriate congressional committees— 
(A) a notice of and justification for the termi-
nation; and 
(B) a notice that the individual is not engaging 
in the activity or is no longer occupying the position 
that was the basis for the sanctions or has taken 
significant verifiable steps toward stopping the ac-
tivity. 
(2) FORM.—The notice required by paragraph (1) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include 
a classified annex. 
PART 3—AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS 
FOR ASSISTANCE FOR BURMA 
SEC. 5575. GENERAL AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
During each of the fiscal years 2023 through 2027, fol-
lowing consultation with the appropriate congressional com-
mittees and subject to the limitations described in section 
5576, funds authorized to be made available to carry out
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•HRES 1512 EH 
chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
may be made available, notwithstanding any other provision 
of law, for— 
(1) programs to strengthen federalism in and 
among ethnic states in Burma, including for non-lethal 
assistance for Ethnic Armed Organizations in Burma; 
(2) the administrative operations and programs of 
entities in Burma, including the political entities and af-
filiates of Ethnic Armed Organizations and pro-democ-
racy movement organizations, that support efforts to es-
tablish an inclusive and representative democracy in 
Burma; 
(3) technical support and non-lethal assistance for 
Burma’s Ethnic Armed Organizations, People’s Defense 
Forces, and pro-democracy movement organizations to 
strengthen communications and command and control, 
and coordination of international relief and other oper-
ations between and among such entities; 
(4) programs and activities relating to former mem-
bers of the Burmese military that have condemned the 
February 1, 2022, coup d’etat and voiced support for 
the restoration of civilian rule; 
(5) programs to assist civil society organizations to 
investigate and document atrocities in Burma for the 
purposes of truth, justice, and accountability;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(6) programs to assist civil society organizations in 
Burma that support individuals that who are unlawfully 
detained in Burma for exercising their fundamental free-
doms; and 
(7) programs to assist civil society organizations 
and ethnic groups with reconciliation activities related to 
Burma. 
SEC. 5576. LIMITATIONS. 
Except as provided for by this part, none of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated for assistance for Burma by 
this part may be made available to— 
(1) the State Administrative Council or any organi-
zation or entity controlled by, or an affiliate of, the Bur-
mese military, or to any individual or organization that 
has committed a gross violation of human rights or ad-
vocates violence against ethnic or religious groups or in-
dividuals in Burma, as determined by the Secretary of 
State for programs administered by the Department of 
State and the United States Agency for International 
Development, or President of the National Endowment 
for Democracy (NED) for programs administered by 
NED; and 
(2) the Burmese military.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
SEC. 5577. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED. 
In this part, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appro-
priations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appro-
priations of the House of Representatives. 
PART 4—EFFORTS AGAINST HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES 
SEC. 5578. AUTHORIZATION TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSIST-
ANCE FOR EFFORTS AGAINST HUMAN RIGHTS 
ABUSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State is authorized 
to provide assistance to support appropriate civilian or inter-
national entities that— 
(1) identify suspected perpetrators of war crimes, 
crimes against humanity, and genocide in Burma; 
(2) collect, document, and protect evidence of 
crimes in Burma and preserving the chain of custody for 
such evidence; 
(3) conduct criminal investigations of such crimes; 
and 
(4) support investigations related to Burma con-
ducted by other countries, and by entities mandated by
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•HRES 1512 EH 
the United Nations, such as the Independent Investiga-
tive Mechanism for Myanmar. 
(b) 
AUTHORIZATION
FOR
TRANSITIONAL
JUSTICE 
MECHANISMS.—The Secretary of State, taking into account 
any relevant findings in the report submitted under section 
5941, is authorized to provide support for the establishment 
and operation of transitional justice mechanisms, including a 
hybrid tribunal, to prosecute individuals suspected of commit-
ting war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide in 
Burma. 
PART 5—SANCTIONS EXCEPTION RELATING TO 
IMPORTATION OF GOODS 
SEC. 5579. SANCTIONS EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION 
OF GOODS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and requirements to 
impose sanctions under this subtitle shall not include the au-
thority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation 
of goods. 
(b) GOOD DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘good’’ 
means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, 
supply, or manufactured product, including inspection and 
test equipment, and excluding technical data.
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Subtitle F—Promotion of Freedom of 
Information and Countering of 
Censorship and Surveillance in 
North Korea 
SEC. 5580. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Otto Warmbier Coun-
tering North Korean Censorship and Surveillance Act of 
2022’’. 
SEC. 5581. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) The information landscape in North Korea is 
the most repressive in the world, consistently ranking 
last or near-last in the annual World Press Freedom 
Index. 
(2) Under the brutal rule of Kim Jung Un, the 
country’s leader since 2012, the North Korean regime 
has tightened controls on access to information, as well 
as enacted harsh punishments for consumers of outside 
media, including sentencing to time in a concentration 
camp and a maximum penalty of death. 
(3) Such repressive and unjust laws surrounding in-
formation in North Korea resulted in the death of 22- 
year-old United States citizen and university student 
Otto Warmbier, who had traveled to North Korea in De-
cember 2015 as part of a guided tour.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(4) Otto Warmbier was unjustly arrested, sentenced 
to 15 years of hard labor, and severely mistreated at the 
hands of North Korean officials. While in captivity, Otto 
Warmbier suffered a serious medical emergency that 
placed him into a comatose state. Otto Warmbier was 
comatose upon his release in June 2017 and died 6 days 
later. 
(5) Despite increased penalties for possession and 
viewership of foreign media, the people of North Korean 
have increased their desire for foreign media content, ac-
cording to a survey of 200 defectors concluding that 90 
percent had watched South Korean or other foreign 
media before defecting. 
(6) On March 23, 2021, in an annual resolution, 
the United Nations General Assembly condemned ‘‘the 
long-standing and ongoing systematic, widespread and 
gross violations of human rights in the Democratic Peo-
ple’s Republic of Korea’’ and expressed grave concern at, 
among other things, ‘‘the denial of the right to freedom 
of thought, conscience, and religion . . . and of the 
rights to freedom of opinion, expression, and association, 
both online and offline, which is enforced through an ab-
solute monopoly on information and total control over 
organized social life, and arbitrary and unlawful state
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•HRES 1512 EH 
surveillance that permeates the private lives of all citi-
zens’’. 
(7) In 2018, Typhoon Yutu caused extensive dam-
age to 15 broadcast antennas used by the United States 
Agency for Global Media in Asia, resulting in reduced 
programming to North Korea. The United States Agen-
cy for Global Media has rebuilt 5 of the 15 antenna sys-
tems as of June 2021. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) in the event of a crisis situation, particularly 
where information pertaining to the crisis is being ac-
tively censored or a false narrative is being put forward, 
the United States should be able to quickly increase its 
broadcasting capability to deliver fact-based information 
to audiences, including those in North Korea; and 
(2) the United States International Broadcasting 
Surge Capacity Fund is already authorized under section 
316 of the United States International Broadcasting Act 
of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6216), and expanded authority to 
transfer unobligated balances from expired accounts of 
the United States Agency for Global Media would enable 
the Agency to more nimbly respond to crises. 
SEC. 5582. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) to provide the people of North Korea with ac-
cess to a diverse range of fact-based information; 
(2) to develop and implement novel means of com-
munication and information sharing that increase oppor-
tunities for audiences in North Korea to safely create, 
access, and share digital and non-digital news without 
fear of repressive censorship, surveillance, or penalties 
under law; and 
(3) to foster and innovate new technologies to 
counter North Korea’s state-sponsored repressive surveil-
lance and censorship by advancing internet freedom 
tools, technologies, and new approaches. 
SEC. 5583. UNITED STATES STRATEGY TO COMBAT NORTH KO-
REA’S REPRESSIVE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall develop 
and submit to Congress a strategy on combating North Ko-
rea’s repressive information environment. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by subsection 
(a) shall include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the challenges to the free flow 
of information into North Korea created by the censor-
ship and surveillance technology apparatus of the Gov-
ernment of North Korea.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(2) A detailed description of the agencies and other 
government entities, key officials, and security services 
responsible for the implementation of North Korea’s re-
pressive laws regarding foreign media consumption. 
(3) A detailed description of the agencies and other 
government entities and key officials of foreign govern-
ments that assist, facilitate, or aid North Korea’s repres-
sive censorship and surveillance state. 
(4) A review of existing public-private partnerships 
that provide circumvention technology and an assess-
ment of the feasibility and utility of new tools to increase 
free expression, circumvent censorship, and obstruct re-
pressive surveillance in North Korea. 
(5) A description of and funding levels required for 
current United States Government programs and activi-
ties to provide access for the people of North Korea to 
a diverse range of fact-based information. 
(6) An update of the plan required by section 
104(a)(7)(A) of the North Korean Human Rights Act of 
2004 (22 U.S.C. 7814(a)(7)(A)). 
(7) A description of Department of State programs 
and funding levels for programs that promote internet 
freedom in North Korea, including monitoring and eval-
uation efforts.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(8) A description of grantee programs of the United 
States Agency for Global Media in North Korea that fa-
cilitate circumvention tools and broadcasting, including 
monitoring and evaluation efforts. 
(9) A detailed assessment of how the United States 
International Broadcasting Surge Capacity Fund au-
thorized under section 316 of the United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6216) has 
operated to respond to crisis situations in the past, and 
how authority to transfer unobligated balances from ex-
pired accounts would help the United States Agency for 
Global Media in crisis situations in the future. 
(10) A detailed plan for how the authorization of 
appropriations under section 5584 will operate alongside 
and augment existing programming from the relevant 
Federal agencies and facilitate the development of new 
tools to assist that programming. 
(11) A detailed plan for engagement and coordina-
tion with the Republic of Korea, as appropriate, nec-
essary for implementing the objectives of the strategy re-
quired by subsection (a), including— 
(A) with regard to any new or expanded activi-
ties contemplated under paragraphs (9) and (10); 
and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(B) any cooperation with or approval from the 
Government of the Republic of Korea required to 
carry out such activities. 
(c) FORM OF STRATEGY.—The strategy required by sub-
section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
include the matters required by paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
subsection (b) in a classified annex. 
SEC. 5584. PROMOTING FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND COUN-
TERING 
CENSORSHIP 
AND 
SURVEILLANCE 
IN 
NORTH KOREA. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the United States Agency 
for Global Media an additional $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2024 through 2027 to provide increased broadcasting 
and grants for the following purposes: 
(1) To promote the development of internet freedom 
tools, technologies, and new approaches, including both 
digital and non-digital means of information sharing re-
lated to North Korea. 
(2) To explore public-private partnerships to 
counter North Korea’s repressive censorship and surveil-
lance state. 
(3) To develop new means to protect the privacy 
and identity of individuals receiving media from the
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•HRES 1512 EH 
United States Agency for Global Media and other out-
side media outlets from within North Korea. 
(4) To bolster existing programming from the 
United States Agency for Global Media by restoring the 
broadcasting capacity of damaged antennas caused by 
Typhoon Yutu in 2018. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Section 104(a)(7)(B) of the 
North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004 (22 U.S.C. 
7814(a)(7)(B)) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding clause (i)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this paragraph’’ and inserting ‘‘Sep-
tember 30, 2022’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘Broadcasting Board of Gov-
ernors’’ and inserting ‘‘Chief Executive Officer of 
the United States Agency for Global Media’’; and 
(2) in clause (i), by inserting after ‘‘this section’’ 
the following: ‘‘and sections 5583 and 5584 of the Otto 
Warmbier Countering North Korean Censorship and 
Surveillance Act of 2022’’. 
Subtitle G—Other Matters 
SEC. 5585. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION FOR REWARDS PAID 
USING CRYPTOCURRENCIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 36(e)(6) of the State Depart-
ment Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2708(e)(6))
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•HRES 1512 EH 
is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: 
‘‘Not later than 15 days before making a reward in a form 
that includes cryptocurrency, the Secretary of State shall no-
tify the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate of such form for the reward.’’. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit 
to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate a report on the use of cryptocurrency as a part of the 
Department of State Rewards program established under sec-
tion 36(a) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 
1956 (22 U.S.C. 2708(a)) that— 
(1) justifies any determination of the Secretary to 
make rewards under such program in a form that in-
cludes cryptocurrency; 
(2) lists each cryptocurrency payment made under 
such program as of the date of the submission of the re-
port; 
(3) provides evidence of the manner and extent to 
which cryptocurrency payments would be more likely to 
induce whistleblowers to come forward with information 
than rewards paid out in United States dollars or other 
forms of money or nonmonetary items; and
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(4) examines whether the Department’s use of 
cryptocurrency could provide bad actors with additional 
hard-to-trace funds that could be used for criminal or il-
licit purposes. 
SEC. 5586. SECURE ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES FOR 
WOMEN AND GIRLS. 
Subsection (a) of section 501 of the Foreign Relations 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (22 U.S.C. 
2601 note) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (6) through (11) 
as paragraphs (7) through (12), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: 
‘‘(6) the provision of safe and secure access to sani-
tation facilities, with a special emphasis on women and 
children;’’. 
SEC. 5587. REAUTHORIZATION OF THE TROPICAL FOREST AND 
CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 1998. 
Section 806(d) of the Tropical Forest and Coral Reef 
Conservation Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 2431d(d)) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(9) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. 
‘‘(10) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. 
‘‘(11) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. 
‘‘(12) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 
‘‘(13) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.’’.
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SEC. 5588. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 
2022. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Section 2 of the Global Food Security 
Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9301) is amended by striking ‘‘Con-
gress makes’’ and all that follows through ‘‘(3) A comprehen-
sive’’ and inserting ‘‘Congress finds that a comprehensive’’. 
(b) STATEMENT
OF POLICY OBJECTIVES; SENSE
OF 
CONGRESS.—Section 3(a) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 9302(a)) is 
amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by strik-
ing ‘‘programs, activities, and initiatives that’’ and in-
serting ‘‘comprehensive, multi-sectoral programs, activi-
ties, and initiatives that consider agriculture and food 
systems in their totality and that’’. 
(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and economic 
freedom through the coordination’’ and inserting ‘‘, eco-
nomic freedom, and security through the phasing, se-
quencing, and coordination’’; 
(3) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(3) increase the productivity, incomes, and liveli-
hoods of small-scale producers and artisanal fishing com-
munities, especially women in these communities, by 
working across terrestrial and aquatic food systems and 
agricultural value chains, including by—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
‘‘(A) enhancing local capacity to manage agri-
cultural resources and food systems effectively and 
expanding producer access to, and participation in, 
local, regional, and international markets; 
‘‘(B) increasing the availability and afford-
ability of high quality nutritious and safe foods and 
clean water; 
‘‘(C) creating entrepreneurship opportunities 
and improving access to business development re-
lated to agriculture and food systems, including 
among youth populations, linked to local, regional, 
and international markets; and 
‘‘(D) enabling partnerships to facilitate the de-
velopment of and investment in new agricultural 
technologies to support more resilient and produc-
tive agricultural practices; 
‘‘(4) build resilience to agriculture and food systems 
shocks and stresses, including global food catastrophes 
in which conventional methods of agriculture are unable 
to provide sufficient food and nutrition to sustain the 
global population, among vulnerable populations and 
households through inclusive growth, while reducing reli-
ance upon emergency food and economic assistance;’’; 
(4) by amending paragraph (6) to read as follows:
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•HRES 1512 EH 
‘‘(6) improve the nutritional status of women, ado-
lescent girls, and children, with a focus on reducing child 
stunting and incidence of wasting, including through the 
promotion of highly nutritious foods, diet diversification, 
large-scale food fortification, and nutritional behaviors 
that improve maternal and child health and nutrition, 
especially during the first 1,000-day window until a child 
reaches 2 years of age;’’; and 
(5) in paragraph (7)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘science and technology,’’ and 
inserting ‘‘combating fragility, resilience, science 
and technology, natural resource management’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘, including deworming,’’ after 
‘‘nutrition,’’. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—Section 4 of the Global Food Secu-
rity Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9303) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, including in 
response to shocks and stresses to food and nutrition se-
curity’’ before the period at the end; 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (12) 
as paragraphs (5) through (13), respectively; 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: 
‘‘(4) FOOD
SYSTEM.—The term ‘food system’ 
means the intact or whole unit made up of interrelated 
components of people, behaviors, relationships, and ma-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
terial goods that interact in the production, processing, 
packaging, transporting, trade, marketing, consumption, 
and use of food, feed, and fiber through aquaculture, 
farming, wild fisheries, forestry, and pastoralism that 
operates within and is influenced by social, political, eco-
nomic, and environmental contexts.’’; 
(4) in paragraph (6), as redesignated, by amending 
subparagraph (H) to read as follows: 
‘‘(H) local agricultural producers, including 
farmer and fisher organizations, cooperatives, small- 
scale producers, youth, and women; and’’; 
(5) in paragraph (7), as redesignated, by inserting 
‘‘the Inter-American Foundation,’’ after ‘‘United States 
African Development Foundation,’’; 
(6) in paragraph (9), as redesignated— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘agriculture and food’’ before 
‘‘systems’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘, including global food catas-
trophes,’’ after ‘‘food security’’; 
(7) in paragraph (10), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘fishers’’ and inserting ‘‘artisanal fishing communities’’; 
(8) in paragraph (11), as redesignated, by amend-
ing subparagraphs (D) and (E) to read as follows:
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‘‘(D) is a marker of an environment deficient 
in the various needs that allow for a child’s healthy 
growth, including nutrition; and 
‘‘(E) is associated with long-term poor health, 
delayed motor development, impaired cognitive 
function, and decreased immunity.’’; 
(9) in paragraph (13), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘agriculture and nutrition security’’ and inserting ‘‘food 
and nutrition security and agriculture-led economic 
growth’’; and 
(10) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(14) WASTING.—The term ‘wasting’ means— 
‘‘(A) a life-threatening condition attributable to 
poor nutrient intake or disease that is characterized 
by a rapid deterioration in nutritional status over a 
short period of time; and 
‘‘(B) in the case of children, is characterized 
by low weight for height and weakened immunity, 
increasing their risk of death due to greater fre-
quency and severity of common infection, particu-
larly when severe.’’. 
(d) COMPREHENSIVE GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY STRAT-
EGY.—Section 5(a) of the Global Food Security Act of 2016 
(22 U.S.C. 9304) is amended—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘country-owned 
agriculture, nutrition, and food security policy and in-
vestment plans’’ and inserting ‘‘partner country-led agri-
culture, nutrition, regulatory, food security, and water 
resources management policy and investment plans and 
governance systems’’; 
(2) by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows: 
‘‘(5) support the locally-led and inclusive develop-
ment of agriculture and food systems, including by en-
hancing the extent to which small-scale food producers, 
especially women, have access to and control over the in-
puts, skills, resource management capacity, networking, 
bargaining power, financing, market linkages, tech-
nology, and information needed to sustainably increase 
productivity and incomes, reduce poverty and malnutri-
tion, and promote long-term economic prosperity;’’; 
(3) in paragraph (6)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, adolescent girls,’’ after 
‘‘women’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and preventing incidence of 
wasting’’ after ‘‘reducing child stunting’’; 
(4) in paragraph (7), by inserting ‘‘poor water re-
source management and’’ after ‘‘including’’; 
(5) in paragraph (8)—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(A) by striking ‘‘the long-term success of pro-
grams’’ and inserting ‘‘long-term impact’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘, including agricultural re-
search capacity,’’ after ‘‘institutions’’; 
(6) in paragraph (9), by striking ‘‘integrate resil-
ience and nutrition strategies into food security pro-
grams, such that chronically vulnerable populations are 
better able to’’ and inserting ‘‘coordinate with and com-
plement relevant strategies to ensure that chronically 
vulnerable populations are better able to adapt,’’; 
(7) by redesignating paragraph (17) as paragraph 
(22); 
(8) by redesignating paragraphs (12) through (16) 
as paragraphs (14) through (18), respectively; 
(9) by striking paragraphs (10) and (11) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(10) develop community and producer resilience 
and adaptation strategies to disasters, emergencies, and 
other shocks and stresses to food and nutrition security, 
including conflicts, droughts, flooding, pests, and dis-
eases, that adversely impact agricultural yield and liveli-
hoods; 
‘‘(11) harness science, technology, and innovation, 
including the research and extension activities supported 
by the private sector, relevant Federal departments and
2192 
•HRES 1512 EH 
agencies, Feed the Future Innovation Labs or any suc-
cessor entities, and international and local researchers 
and innovators, recognizing that significant investments 
in research and technological advances will be necessary 
to reduce global poverty, hunger, and malnutrition; 
‘‘(12) use evidenced-based best practices, including 
scientific and forecasting data, and improved planning 
and coordination by, with, and among key partners and 
relevant Federal departments and agencies to identify, 
analyze, measure, and mitigate risks, and strengthen re-
silience capacities; 
‘‘(13) ensure scientific and forecasting data is ac-
cessible and usable by affected communities and facili-
tate communication and collaboration among local stake-
holders in support of adaptation planning and implemen-
tation, including scenario planning and preparedness 
using seasonal forecasting and scientific and local knowl-
edge;’’; 
(10) in paragraph (15), as redesignated, by insert-
ing ‘‘nongovernmental organizations, including’’ after 
‘‘civil society,’’; 
(11) in paragraph (16), as redesignated, by insert-
ing ‘‘and coordination, as appropriate,’’ after ‘‘collabora-
tion’’;
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(12) in paragraph (18), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘section 8(b)(4); and’’ and inserting ‘‘section 8(a)(4);’’; 
and 
(13) by inserting after paragraph (18), as redesig-
nated, the following: 
‘‘(19) improve the efficiency and resilience of agri-
cultural production, including management of crops, 
rangelands, pastures, livestock, fisheries, and aqua-
cultures; 
‘‘(20) ensure investments in food and nutrition se-
curity consider and integrate best practices in the man-
agement and governance of natural resources and con-
servation, especially among food insecure populations liv-
ing in or near biodiverse ecosystems; 
‘‘(21) be periodically updated in a manner that re-
flects learning and best practices; and’’. 
(e) PERIODIC UPDATES.—Section 5 of the Global Food 
Security Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9304), as amended by sub-
section (d), is further amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) PERIODIC UPDATES.—Not less frequently than 
quinquennially through fiscal year 2030, the President, in 
consultation with the head of each relevant Federal depart-
ment and agency, shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees updates to the Global Food Security Strat-
2194 
•HRES 1512 EH 
egy required under subsection (a) and the agency-specific 
plans described in subsection (c)(2).’’. 
(f) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS
TO IMPLE-
MENT
THE GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY.—Section 
6(b) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 9305(b)) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$1,000,600,000 for each of fiscal 
years 
2017 
through 
2023’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$1,200,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2024 
through 2028’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: ‘‘Amounts 
authorized to appropriated under this subsection should 
be prioritized to carry out programs and activities in tar-
get countries.’’. 
(g) EMERGENCY FOOD SECURITY PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 7 of the Global Food Se-
curity Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9306) is amended by 
striking ‘‘(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—’’ and all that fol-
lows through ‘‘It shall be’’ and inserting ‘‘It shall be’’. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
492(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2292a(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘$2,794,184,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023, of which up to 
$1,257,382,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$3,905,460,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2028, of which up 
to $1,757,457,000’’.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(h) REPORTS.—Section 8(a) of the Global Food Security 
Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 9307) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘During each of the first 7 
years after the date of the submission of the strat-
egy required under section 5(c),’’ and inserting 
‘‘For each of the fiscal years through 2028,’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘reports that describe’’ and in-
serting ‘‘a report that describes’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘at the end of the reporting pe-
riod’’ and inserting ‘‘during the preceding year’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, including any 
changes to the target countries selected pursuant to the 
selection criteria described in section 5(a)(2) and jus-
tifications for any such changes’’ before the semicolon at 
the end; 
(3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘identify and’’ 
before ‘‘describe’’; 
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (12) through (14) 
as paragraphs (15) through (17), respectively; 
(5) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (11) 
as paragraphs (7) through (13), respectively; 
(6) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the fol-
lowing:
2196 
•HRES 1512 EH 
‘‘(4) identify and describe the priority quantitative 
metrics used to establish baselines and performance tar-
gets at the initiative, country, and zone of influence lev-
els; 
‘‘(5) identify such established baselines and per-
formance targets at the country and zone of influence 
levels; 
‘‘(6) identify the output and outcome benchmarks 
and indicators used to measure results annually, and re-
port the annual measurement of results for each of the 
priority metrics identified pursuant to paragraph (4), 
disaggregated by age, gender, and disability, to the ex-
tent practicable and appropriate, in an open and trans-
parent manner that is accessible to the people of the 
United States;’’; 
(7) in paragraph (7), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘agriculture’’ and inserting ‘‘food’’; 
(8) in paragraph (8), as redesignated— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘quantitative and qualitative’’ 
after ‘‘how’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘at the initiative, country, and 
zone of influence levels, including longitudinal data 
and key uncertainties’’ before the semicolon at the 
end;
2197 
•HRES 1512 EH 
(9) in paragraph (9), as redesignated, by inserting 
‘‘within target countries, amounts and justification for 
any spending outside of target countries’’ after 
‘‘amounts spent’’; 
(10) in paragraph (13), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘and the impact of private sector investment’’ and in-
serting ‘‘and efforts to encourage financial donor burden 
sharing and the impact of such investment and efforts’’; 
(11) by inserting after paragraph (13), as redesig-
nated, the following: 
‘‘(14) 
describe 
how 
agriculture 
research 
is 
prioritized within the Global Food Security Strategy to 
support agriculture-led growth and eventual self-suffi-
ciency and assess efforts to coordinate research pro-
grams within the Global Food Security Strategy with 
key stakeholders;’’; 
(12) in paragraph (16), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(13) in paragraph (17), as redesignated— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, including key challenges or 
missteps,’’ after ‘‘lessons learned’’; and 
(B) by striking the period at the end and in-
serting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(14) by adding at the end the following:
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•HRES 1512 EH 
‘‘(18) during the final year of each strategy re-
quired under section 5, complete country graduation re-
ports to determine whether a country should remain a 
target country based on quantitative and qualitative 
analysis.’’. 
SEC. 5589. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF CERTAIN EX-
PORT CONTROLS. 
(a) EXTENSION
OF EXPORT PROHIBITION
ON MUNI-
TIONS ITEMS TO THE HONG KONG POLICE FORCE.—Section 
3 of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to prohibit the commercial ex-
port of covered munitions items to the Hong Kong Police 
Force’’, approved November 27, 2019 (Public Law 116–77; 
133 Stat. 1173), is amended by striking ‘‘shall expire’’ and 
all that follows and inserting ‘‘shall expire on December 31, 
2024.’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION
OF
AUTHORITY
OF
PRESIDENT 
UNDER EXPORT CONTROL REFORM ACT OF 2018.—Section 
1753(a)(2)(F) of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 
U.S.C. 4812(a)(2)(F)) is amended by inserting ‘‘, security, 
or’’ before ‘‘intelligence’’.
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•HRES 1512 EH 
SEC. 5590. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE 
SALE, SUPPLY, OR TRANSFER OF GOLD TO OR 
FROM RUSSIA. 
(a) IDENTIFICATION.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and periodically as nec-
essary thereafter, the President— 
(1) shall submit to Congress a report identifying 
foreign persons that knowingly participated in a signifi-
cant transaction— 
(A) for the sale, supply, or transfer (including 
transportation) of gold, directly or indirectly, to or 
from the Russian Federation or the Government of 
the Russian Federation, including from reserves of 
the Central Bank of the Russian Federation held 
outside the Russian Federation; or 
(B) that otherwise involved gold in which the 
Government of the Russian Federation had any in-
terest; and 
(2) shall impose the sanctions described in sub-
section (b)(1) with respect to each such person; and 
(3) may impose the sanctions described in sub-
section (b)(2) with respect to any such person that is an 
alien. 
(b) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions described in 
this subsection are the following:
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(1) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.—The exercise of all 
powers granted to the President by the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all 
transactions in all property and interests in property of 
a foreign person identified in the report required by sub-
section (a)(1) if such property and interests in property 
are in the United States, come within the United States, 
or are or come within the possession or control of a 
United States person. 
(2) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PA-
ROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An alien 
described in subsection (a)(1) is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or 
paroled into the United States or to receive 
any other benefit under the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The issuing consular 
officer, the Secretary of State, or the Secretary 
of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of
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•HRES 1512 EH 
such Secretaries) shall, in accordance with sec-
tion 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), revoke any visa or 
other entry documentation issued to an alien 
described in subsection (a)(1). 
(ii) IMMEDIATE EFFECT.—The revocation 
under clause (i) of a visa or other entry docu-
mentation issued to an alien shall— 
(I) take effect immediately; and 
(II) automatically cancel any other 
valid visa or entry documentation that is 
in the alien’s possession. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exer-
cise all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 
of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section. 
(2) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, attempts 
to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
this section or any regulation, license, or order issued to 
carry out this section shall be subject to the penalties set 
forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that com-
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•HRES 1512 EH 
mits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that 
section. 
(d) NATIONAL INTEREST WAIVER.—The President may 
waive the imposition of sanctions under this section with re-
spect to a person if the President— 
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the national 
interests of the United States; and 
(2) submits to Congress a notification of the waiver 
and the reasons for the waiver. 
(e) TERMINATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph 
(2), the requirement to impose sanctions under this sec-
tion, and any sanctions imposed under this section, shall 
terminate on the earlier of— 
(A) the date that is 3 years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act; or 
(B) the date that is 30 days after the date on 
which the President certifies to Congress that— 
(i) the Government of the Russian Fed-
eration has ceased its destabilizing activities 
with respect to the sovereignty and territorial 
integrity of Ukraine; and 
(ii) such termination in the national inter-
ests of the United States. 
(2) TRANSITION RULES.—
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•HRES 1512 EH 
(A) CONTINUATION
OF
CERTAIN
AUTHORI-
TIES.—Any authorities exercised before the termi-
nation date under paragraph (1) to impose sanc-
tions with respect to a foreign person under this 
section may continue to be exercised on and after 
that date if the President determines that the con-
tinuation of those authorities is in the national in-
terests of the United States. 
(B) APPLICATION
TO
ONGOING
INVESTIGA-
TIONS.—The termination date under paragraph (1) 
shall not apply to any investigation of a civil or 
criminal violation of this section or any regulation, 
license, or order issued to carry out this section, or 
the imposition of a civil or criminal penalty for such 
a violation, if— 
(i) the violation occurred before the termi-
nation date; or 
(ii) the person involved in the violation 
continues to be subject to sanctions pursuant 
to subparagraph (A). 
(f) EXCEPTIONS.— 
(1) EXCEPTIONS FOR AUTHORIZED INTELLIGENCE 
AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AND NATIONAL SECURITY AC-
TIVITIES.—This section shall not apply with respect to 
activities subject to the reporting requirements under