IIB 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 3202 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
FEBRUARY 26, 2024 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 
AN ACT 
To prohibit any official action to recognize or normalize 
relations with any Government of Syria that is led by 
Bashar al-Assad, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Assad Regime Anti- 
Normalization Act of 2023’’. 
SEC. 2. MODIFICATIONS TO THE CAESAR SYRIA CIVILIAN 
PROTECTION ACT. 
(a) CAESAR SYRIA CIVILIAN PROTECTION ACT.— 
Section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act 
of 2019 (title LXXIV of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2020; 22 U.S.C. 8791 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘the 
President shall impose’’ and all that follows 
through the end of the paragraph and inserting 
‘‘the President—’’ 
‘‘(A) shall impose the sanctions described 
in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign per-
son that the President determines— 
‘‘(i) knowingly engages, on or after 
such date of enactment, in an activity de-
scribed in paragraph (2); 
‘‘(ii) is an adult family member of a 
foreign person described in clause (i), un-
less the President determines there is clear 
and convincing evidence that such adult 
family member has disassociated them-
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selves from the foreign person described in 
such clause and has no history of helping 
such foreign person conceal assets; or 
‘‘(iii) is owned or controlled by a for-
eign person described in clause (i) or (ii); 
and 
‘‘(B) may impose the sanctions described 
in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign per-
son that the President determines knowingly 
provides, on or after such date of enactment, 
significant financial, material, or technological 
support to a foreign person engaging in an ac-
tivity described in any of subparagraphs (B) 
through (H) of paragraph (2);’’. 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) by amending clause (i) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(i) the Government of Syria (includ-
ing any entity owned or controlled by the 
Government of Syria), a senior political 
figure of the Government of Syria, a mem-
ber of the People’s Assembly of Syria, or 
a senior foreign political figure (as such 
term is defined in section 101.605 of title 
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31, Code of Federal Regulations) of the 
Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party of Syria, in-
cluding any such senior foreign political 
figure who is— 
‘‘(I) a member of the Central 
Command, Central Committee, or Au-
diting and Inspection Committee of 
such Party; or 
‘‘(II) a leader of a local branch of 
such Party;’’; 
(II) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘; 
or’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(III) in clause (iii), by striking 
the semicolon and inserting ‘‘; or’’; 
and 
(IV) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new clause: 
‘‘(iv) Syria Arab Airlines, Cham 
Wings, or any foreign person owned or 
controlled by Syria Arab Airlines or Cham 
Wings;’’; 
(ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(C) knowingly sells or provides aircraft or 
spare aircraft parts— 
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‘‘(i) to the Government of Syria; or 
‘‘(ii) for or on behalf of the Govern-
ment of Syria to any foreign person oper-
ating in an area directly or indirectly con-
trolled by the Government of Syria or for-
eign forces associated with the Government 
of Syria;’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘; or’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(iv) in subparagraph (E)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘construction or 
engineering services’’ and inserting 
‘‘construction, engineering, or com-
mercial financial services’’; and 
(II) by striking the closing period 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
(v) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(F) purposefully engages in or directs— 
‘‘(i) the diversion of goods (including 
agricultural commodities, food, medicine, 
and medical devices), or any international 
humanitarian assistance, intended for the 
people of Syria; or 
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‘‘(ii) the dealing in proceeds from the 
sale or resale of such diverted goods or 
international humanitarian assistance, as 
the case may be; 
‘‘(G) knowingly, directly or indirectly, en-
gages in or attempts to engage in, the seizure, 
confiscation, theft, or expropriation for personal 
gain or political purposes of property, including 
real property, in Syria or owned by a citizen of 
Syria; 
‘‘(H) knowingly, directly or indirectly, en-
gages in or attempts to engage in a transaction 
or transactions for or with such seized, con-
fiscated, stolen, or expropriated property de-
scribed in subparagraph (G); or 
‘‘(I) knowingly provides significant finan-
cial, material, or technological support to a for-
eign person engaging in an activity described in 
subparagraph (A).’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraphs: 
‘‘(4) TRANSACTION DEFINED.—For purposes of 
the 
determination 
required 
by 
subparagraph 
(a)(2)(A), the term ‘transaction’ includes in-kind 
transactions. 
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‘‘(5) ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS.—In this sec-
tion: 
‘‘(A) 
COMMERCIAL
FINANCIAL
SERV-
ICES.—The term ‘commercial financial services’ 
means any transaction between the Government 
of Syria and a foreign bank or foreign financial 
institution operating in an area under the con-
trol of the Government of Syria that has a valu-
ation of more than $5,000,000. 
‘‘(B) FINANCIAL INSTITUTION.—The term 
‘financial institution’ means a financial institu-
tion specified in any of subparagraphs (A) 
through (K), (M), (N), (P), (R), (T), (Y), or 
(Z) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United 
States Code. 
‘‘(6) SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTION CLARIFIED.— 
In this section, the term ‘significant transaction’ in-
cludes any natural gas, electricity, or other energy- 
related transaction.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) CONGRESSIONAL REQUESTS.—Not later than 
120 days after receiving a request from the chairman and 
ranking member of one of the appropriate congressional 
committees with respect to whether a foreign person know-
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ingly engages in an activity described in subsection (a)(2) 
the President shall— 
‘‘(1) make the determination specified in sub-
section (a)(1) with respect to that foreign person; 
and 
‘‘(2) submit to such chairman and ranking 
member that submitted the request a report with re-
spect to such determination that includes a state-
ment of whether the President has imposed or in-
tends to impose the sanctions described in sub-
section (b) with respect to that foreign person.’’. 
(b) EXTENSION OF SUNSET.—Section 7438 of the 
Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 is amended 
by striking ‘‘the date that is 5 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 
2032’’. 
(c) DETERMINATIONS WITH RESPECT
TO SYRIA 
TRUST FOR DEVELOPMENT.— 
(1) DETERMINATIONS.—Not later than 120 
days after the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall— 
(A) determine whether the nonprofit orga-
nization chaired by Asma Al-Assad, the First 
Lady of Syria, known as the ‘‘Syria Trust for 
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Development’’ meets the criteria for the imposi-
tion of sanctions— 
(i) under section 7412(a) of the Cae-
sar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019, 
as amended by subsection (a); 
(ii) under Executive Order No. 13894 
(84 Fed. Reg. 55851; relating to blocking 
property and suspending entry of certain 
persons contributing to the situation in 
Syria); or 
(iii) by nature of being owned or con-
trolled by a person designated under any 
executive order or regulation administered 
by the Office of Foreign Assets Control; 
and 
(B) submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees each such determination, in-
cluding a justification for the determination. 
(2) FORM.—The determination under para-
graph (1)(B) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but the justification specified in such paragraph may 
be included in a classified annex. The unclassified 
determination shall be made available on a publicly 
available website of the Federal government. 
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(3) SANCTIONS RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 
GOODS
UNCHANGED.—Paragraph (1) may not be 
construed to create any new authorities or require-
ments to impose sanctions on the importation of 
goods. 
(4) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Com-
mittee on Financial Services of the House of 
Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Com-
mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 
of the Senate. 
(d) FINDINGS ON APPLICABILITY WITH RESPECT TO 
SYRIAN ARAB AIRLINES, CHAM WINGS AIRLINES, AND 
RELATED ENTITIES.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) In 2013, the President identified Syrian 
Arab Airlines as a blocked instrumentality or con-
trolled entity of the Government of Syria and con-
currently sanctioned Syrian Arab Airlines pursuant 
to Executive Order No. 13224 for acting for or on 
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behalf of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps- 
Qods Force of Iran. 
(2) In 2016, the President sanctioned Syria- 
based Cham Wings Airlines pursuant to Executive 
Order No. 13582 for having materially assisted, 
sponsored, or provided financial, material, or techno-
logical support for, or goods or services in support 
of, the Government of Syria and Syrian Arab Air-
lines. 
(3) Section 7412(a)(2)(A)(iii) of the Caesar 
Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 (22 U.S.C. 
8791 note) mandates the application of sanctions 
against any foreign person that ‘‘knowingly provides 
significant financial, material, or technological sup-
port to, or knowingly engages in a significant trans-
action with * * * a foreign person subject to sanc-
tions pursuant to the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) with re-
spect to Syria or any other provision of law that im-
poses sanctions with respect to Syria,’’, which ap-
plies to airport service providers outside of Syria. 
(e) SEVERABILITY.—If any provision of this Act, or 
the application of such provision to any person or cir-
cumstance, is found to be unconstitutional, the remainder 
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