1950 did not consult them, they point out, and they, after all, are the ones who know the facts of the situation. Dr. Willard C. Rappleye, dean and vice president in charge of medical affairs at Columbia University, writes: May we express the earnest hope that your committee will give favorable consideration. * * * This is a matter of great urgency. Dr. R. 8S. Cunningham, dean of the Al- bany Medical College at Union Univer- sity, writes: Only if our income is substantially in- creased can we maintain the high level of medical education from which the public benefits so greatly In view of these facts, I hope that you will exert your full influ- ence to secure passage of the bill. Dr. W. E. Brown, dean at the Univer- sity of Vermont, adds: I hope we can count on you to help med- ical education in Vermont and throughout the United States by supporting H R. 5940 or its substitute House bill for aid to medical education. * * * Most American med- ical schools, and this includes the Univer- sity of Vermont College of Medicine, must radically curtail educational programs un- less substantial financial support {s forth- coming within the next 2 months That letter, gentlemen, was dated May 12. It is the same with the University of Buffalo, Marquette University, Creighton University, Meharry Medical College, the University of Virginia, Loyoia Uni- versity, and dozens of others. The Association of Urban Universities wired this in October of 1949: The Association of Urban Universities, whose membership are carrying a large per- centage of the burden of medical, dental, and nursing education, voices its approval of the emergency health training bill. And now that we have begun to hear of the other schools beside the medical schools, let me read you a part of a letter from the deans of all the schools of med- icine, dentistry, and public health in Massachusetts The dentistry, nurs- ing, public health, and other training in- cluded in this bill is just as important as the training of doctors. This is what the deans of these varied schools at Har- vard, Tufts, and Boston University wrote: We are convinced that the present desperate plight of our professional schools not only in Massachusetts put throughout the United States, has already interfered with the qual- ity of professional education and ts prevent- ing the development of adequate medical and health personnel for the country. We make this statement in full awareness of the position recently taken by the Ameri- can Medical Association. We vigorously op- pose that position. The American Medical Association in adopting its position was in no way authorized to speak for the profes- sional schools of Massachusetts. Early passage of H, R. 6940 will enable the professional schools of the United States to start immediately on an expanded, more ef- fective total program of training. We do not believe that this urgent need can be met without such a program. Then there are the letters from the administrators of huge universities like Chicago and Illinois. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE Chancelor Robert Hutchins, of the University of Chicago, also chairman of the committee on Federal ald to medical schools of the American Association of Universities, wired: President Conant’s recent statement on the precarious financial condition of Har- vard medical and public health schools 1s applicable, in my opinion, to every school in the country training personnel for the pro- fessions concerned with health. * * * Without operating funds schools will be un- able to maintain current enroliments—al- ready dangerously low—and improve present standards of instruction. * * * I there- fore urge prompt passage of H R. 5940. Dr, A. C. Ivy, vice president in charge of the College of the Health Professions at the University of Dlinois—including medicine, dentistry, nursing, and phar- macy—expresses similar sentiments with this interesting statement thrown im for good measure: Everyone knows that more physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, and public health officers are needed in our State and county. In some pluces this is true to such an extent that the principle of free enter- prise and free choice of a physician 1s not operative That, as the AMA has been telling us all along, is intolerable. There is much more o1 the same and Linclude it all in the Recorp, an editorial from the University of Southern Cali- fornia Medical Bulletin, the statement of need from the joint congressional Committee on the Economic Report which saw many low-income families without proper medical care because of health personnel shortages and the Hoover Commission's task force recom- mendations. There is the recent specch by Father Michael I. English, regent of the Loyola University of Medicine in Chicago in which he criticized the AMA for deciding against Government aid to medical schools without consulting medical lead- ers, calling the organization more than conservative. Among the endorsements of Federal aid to medical education which I am attaching to this record is one from Father English in which he not only endorses the bill despite AMA op- position, but indicates that at least one AMA sponsored amendment would hurt rather than help the bill. It all adds up and it all adds up to this. H. R. 8886, the latest version of the Emergency Health Training Act, is of vital importance to build our national health defenses for both peace and war, Our health-training schools cannot do the job without Federal aid. The only opponent of Federal aid is the AMA, as the AMA has so often been the only op-~ ponent of bills designed to improve the health of the American people. We must pass H. R. 8886 over the ob- jections of a blindly selfish AMA offil- cialdom which either stupidly or wil- fully is interfering with the welfare of our Armed Forces and our civilian popu- lation, We must either pass H, R. 8886 or relinquish to the AMA our right to promote the general welfare through health legislation, 10119 As Brig. Gen. James 8. Simmons, dean of the Harvard School of Public Health, told the same AMA convention at which Dr. Henderson's disgraceful mangling of the truth took place 2 weeks ago, “all problems of health assume a dominant role” in the present uncertain interna- tional situation, We must, among other things, be pre- pared to mect the entirely new threat of unannounced atomic war and biologic warfare. What we need most, and again the words are those of General Sim- mons. is to ‘shore up our national health defenses ” H. R. 8886 is the first step in that most urgent task. It cannot wait for another Congress. ASJOCIATION OF AMERICAN Mepicau CouLeGes, Orrice or CHAIRMAN OF THE EXxECUTIVE CoUNCIL, New York, N. Y., January 12, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J BIEMILLER, Fifth District of Wisconsin, House of Representatwes, Washington, D C. DEaR Mr BIEMILLER: As president of the Association of American Medical Colleges and Chairman of its Committee on Financial Aid to Medical Education, I am writing you re- garding H R 5940 which your subcommittee has studied and passed Our association is the one qualified to speak for the medical schools of the United States and to present the, needs We wish to state our position as accurately as we have been able to determine it. Our asauciation is made up of the staffs of our member colleges, representing the ones approved for membership in the United States and affiliate members in Canada and the Philippine Islands. Here we speak for the 78 approved schools in the United States of which 72 are 4-year schools and 6 are 2- year schools. Of these 41 are privately en- dowed, 34 are State-owned (including 3 schools now in the process of becoming State-owned), and 3 municipally owned. Because of the variety of our schools with problems peculiar to each, our Association of /merican Medical Collegcs has refrained, up to this time, from taking one stand on the legislation in H. R 5940 and its com- panion bill S. 1458. We have encouraged each medical college to communicate with the legislators from their respective districts. Thus the problems inherent in and the crit- icisms directed at it could be worked out in a democratic manner. We appreciate your sponsorship of this bill and your interest in the problems with which it deals. We are grateful for the fact that our representa- tives were given the opportunity to appear before you and your colleagues of your come mittee and to participate in the bipartisan conferences preceding the final writing of the legisiation, It was recognized that H. R. 5940 contained imperfections but at the same time, it would go a long way to helping solve the financial problems plaguing some of our institutions in meeting what they deem their obligations in the various health sclences. The action by the board of trustees, the house of delegates, and tho council on medi- cal education and hospitals of the American Medical Association opposing H. R. 6940 after it had passed your committee, and the com- panion bill S. 1453 after it had passed the Senate, was taken independently of our Association of American Medical Colleges and without a poll of our membership. Our Committee on Financial Aid to Medical Edu- cation decided unanimously that we should poll the individual medical colleges by tele- grams in order to fairly determine our over- all position.
10120 This committee on financial ald to medi- eal education fs made up of Dean Arthur C. Bachmeyer, of the University of Chicago, Dean George P. Berry, of Harvard Univer- sity, Dean Walter A. Bloedorn, of George Washington University, Vice President Ward Darley of the University of Colorado, and Dean Joseph C. Hinsey of Cornell University, chairman. After its study and work with this legtalation this committees is unanimous in its support of H. R. 6940, The poll of the membership, with definite returns in from 63 schools, shows 47 favorable to the legisia- tion in H. R. 6940 and 16 opposed. Of the 26 State-owned schools 14 favored and 12 opposed. Two municipally owned institu- tions were favorable. Of the 36 private in- stitutions 31 were favorable and 4 were op- posed. Even if the 16 schools not reporting were to be opposed, and I have reason to believe strongly that this would not be the case, there would still be a strong majority in favor of the legislation, A number of suggestions were offered to make for improvements in the bill. Two schools strongly urged scholarship aid for needy medical students. Some 14 schools favoring H. R. 5940 expressed hope that the safeguards in section 2, Senate bill 246 (Edu- cational Finance Act of 1949) might be sub- stituted for section 382 of H. R. 6940. How- ever, {¢ 1s our firm conviction that a strong majority of our medical colleges believe that the general provisions of H. R. 6940 are essen- tial for the maintenance of their programs, Our committee is prepared to come for dis. cussions or hearings of this bill. We hope that this letter will help clarify the posi- tions of the medical schools. We are aware that this legislation 1s of vital importance to nursing, dentistry, and to schools of public health, and that the positions of some of these have been made known to you. Like« wise, you have heard from our medical col- leges, some of whom favor the legislation while others vigorously oppose it. There is nothing in this legislation that would make any institution participate in its benefits against its better Judgment. Respectfully submitted. Josern C. Hinsry, Chairman, Committee on Financial Aid to Medical Education. Harvarp Medica SCHOOL, OFFice oF THE DEAN, Boston, Mass., January 5, 1950. The Honorable AnpEexw J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. Dean Mr. BIKMILLERZ: We, the underaigned deans of the professional schools of medi- cine, dentistry, and public health in the State of Massachusetts, individually and jointly, urge your strong support of H. R. 6940, the bill proposing an emergency 5-year program of grants and scholarships for edu- cation in the medical and health fields. We hope that you will work for early priority for this bill in the Rules Committee and will vote for its passage when it comes on the floor of the House. We are convinced that the present des. perate financial plight of our professional schools, not only in Massachusetts but throughout the United States, has already interfered with the quality of professional education and is preventing the develop- ment of adequate medical and health per- sonnel for the country. ‘We make this statement in full awareness of the position recentiy adopted by the American Medical Association. We vigor- ously oppose that position, The American Medical Association in adopting {ts position was in no way authorized to speak for the professional schools of Massachusetts. Early passage of H. R. 5940 will enable the professional] schools of the United States CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE to start immediately on an expanded, more effective total program of training. We do not believe that this urgent need can be met without such assistance. Very truly yours, Dwichtr O'Hara, M. D., Dean, Tufte College Scnool. JaMzs M. FacvLenrnr, M. D., Dean, Boston University School of Medicine. Jamzs M. Duwnina, D. D. 8., Dean, Harvard School of Dental Medicine. C. D. MarsHanu-Day, D. M. D., Dean, Tufts College Dental School. Grorce Packer Berry, M. D., Dean, Harvard Medical School. James 8. Stnomons, M. D., Dean, Harvard Schoo} of Pubdlio Health, Medical January 28, 1950. Re H. R. 5940; grants-in-aid for education in the health professions. I am writing you in my capacity as vice president of the University of Illinois in charge of the colleges of the health profes- sions (medicine, dentistry, nursing, and pharmacy) because one important point for the people of the State of Dinois has not been introduced into the discussions of H. R. 5940. And, since you represent the people of the State of Llinola on the House Committee considering this bill, I feel it to be my duty to call the point to your attention. This is the point: 2. THERE 18 A SHORTAGE OF HEALTH PERSONNEL IN OUR COUNTRY 1, Everyone knows that more physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, and public health officers are needed in our State (rural areas) and county. In some places this is true to such an extent that the principle of tree enterprise and free-choice of a physician is not operative. IX, THE COST OF TRAINING HEALTH PERSONNEL 18 VERY HIGH AND MORE PERSONNEL CANNOT BE PRODUCED BECAUBE OF LACK OF PHYSICAL FACILITIES AND OPERATING FUNDS——THE DEF- WITS ARE NOW ALMOST INTOLERABLE 2. It is a matter of common knowledge that the cost of medical education in the health professions is very high. This is be- cause much learning and considerable ex- perience must be imparted and acquired in view of the great medical advances, before the student can be released to practice. 8. The majority of medical and dental schools and schools of public health operate on a large annual deficit. This draws money from other areas of university education. And, many university presidents, if they could morally do so, would like to drop their colleges in the health professions because these colleges are such a financial drain and handicap on the other educational functions of a university. UI. LARGE URBAN AREAS MUST PRODUCE THE HEALTH PERSONNEL FOR OUR COUNTY 4. For obvious reasons, medical, dental, und nursing education is most economically and best given in urban areas where there is @ concentration of charity or semicharity patients. §. For this reason it ts necessary to have several medical schools and dental schools, etc,, in Chicago. TV. CHICAGO PRUVIDES EDUCATION FOR 20 PER-~ CENT OF THE PHYSICIANS WHO PRACTICE mt OUR COUNTRY AND FEDERAL MEDICAL SERVICES 6, Chicago provides some or all of the un- dergraduate or postgraduate education of 20 percent of the physicians who now are in JULY 18 private practice or practice in Federal gov- ernmental medical services, ¥. THE COST OF THIS HEALTH EDUCATION PRO- VIDED IN CHICAGO IS BORNE ALMOST ENTIRELY BY GTATE TAXES AND BY ILLINOIS CITIZENS ‘WHO ARE BENEFACTORS OF THE PRIVATELY EN- DOWED SCHOOLS 7. Bince there is practically no money for the support of these schools in Chicago which train personnel in the health profes- sions not only to take care of the citizens of Tiincis but also the citizens of other Btates in and out of the Federal medical services, the taxpayers of Illinols and the citizens of Tlinols, who make gifts to the schools in Chicago, pay more than their share for the training of health personnel. VI. FROM AN EQUITABLE AND ECONOMIC VIEW- POINT, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD DEFRAY APPROXIMATELY 33 PERCENT OF THE COST CF EDUCATING HEALTH PERSONNEL 8. It is not fair, and it 1s not good econo- my for the citizens of Iilinois to bear the expense of training physicians, dentists, nurses, and pharmacists for other States and the Federal Government. 9. The only fair and economical way to bear this expense equally is for the Federal Government to appropriate for approxi- mately one-third the cost of medical, dental, nursing, and public-health education. 10. This argument not only applies for MIilinois but all those States wherein reside medical schools because of the ready avail- ability of charity patients and clinical facil- ities for training physicians, dentists, nurses, and public-health officers. 11. The cldim that this cannot be done by the Federal Government without the Federal Government dictating what should be taught is an unfounded fear and challenge to the democratic representative form of govern- ment. The statement does not hold for com- pulsory health insurance, to which I am op- posed, because compulsory health insurance, as shown in Germany and Russia, is condu- cive to the development of an attitude with rights and dignity. The Federal Government should awaken to its responsibility and assume its share of the cost of training personne) for the health professions. I believe that this foregoing point should be kept clearly in mind by the congressional representatives of the people of Tlinots; namely, that {f is not an economy move to oppose Federal ald to health education but a matter of equity in meeting a humaniterian and a national need. I should add that the colleges of the health professions of the University of Illinois are not in critical need as regards the anticipa- tion of a deficit in operating expenses, unless wages of employees are increased. However, for 4 years the people of the State have exert- ed much pressure on us to provide them with more physicians, dentists, nurses, and phar- macists and to accept for admission to our colleges of the health professions more young men and women of the State of Illinois who are qualified. Each year, because of leck of facilities, we must turn away over 400 stu- dents qualified to study medicine or den- tistry. So, when I make the foregoing point, I am making it for the people of Illinois and also for the people of other States who have to support colleges of the health professions for the people of States who do not have such colleges, With best wishes, I am, Yours sincerely, A. C. Ivy, Ph. D., M. D., D. 8c., Vice President,
1950 Task Force Report on Fepera MEpicaL SERVICES [Appendix 0] THE COMMISSION ON ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT, JANUARY 1969 * * * e e 1. That an initial survey of the acute emergency needs be made by the Public Health Service, with the aid of advisory groups representing the public, the medical schools, and those philanthropic foundations which have given so generously to medical education, Where financtal problems of an emergency nature are found which threat- en the survival of medical schools or the maintenance of high standards of medical education, emergency financial aid should be supplied promptly by the Federal Gevern. ment If it is clear that the schools and their universities themselves are making maxt- mum efforts. 2. That a long-range study of the eco- nomics of medical education be made to determine ways and means of insuring the maintenance of current output at present standards and of expanding output and elevating standards. This study, should define the extent to which present facilities can be better utilized and need to be expanded. 3. A plan of fellowships for brilliant men, particularly those who evidence an espectal interest in the flelds in which there is the greatest shortage including Federal medical service. These recommendations are predicated on the principle of not diminishing the essential independence of the schools in professional educational policies, or their self-support to the full extent possible, or the private initia- tive now supporting them. A sufficient principle on which to justify such Federal aid is that the Government is the largest single customer for medical per- sonnel even in peace, and by far the greatest customer of all in war. Octoser 12, 1949, Congressman ANpDREW J, BIEMILLER, Washington, D. C.: Appreciate your telegram regarding H. R. 5940. I hope that it will have favorable action in committee and on the floor of the House, Joun 8, HirscHBOECK, Dean, Marquette University School of Medicine, —_— Boston UNIVERSITY ScHOOL oF MEDICINE, Boston, Mass., January 6, 1950, The Honorable ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Bremiuurr: I hope that H. R. 5940, to provide financtal assistance for medical education, will be acted upon promptly and favorably. The financial plight of the medical schools, particularly of the privately supported schools, is so serious as to call for immediate action. I urge your con- tinued support of this bill. Very sincerely yours, JAMES M. FAULKNER, M. D., Dean, School of Medicine. Harvarp ScHoo. oF DENTAL MEDICINE, Boston, Mass., January 6, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Bremiiier: I want to add my in- dividual word on behalf of the Harvard School of Dental Medicine to the joint let- ter I have just signed as a member of a group of deans of medical and dental schools in the State of Massachusetts. Our school atrongly backed House bill 5940 to provide CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE financial assistance to schools of medicine, dentistry, and public health. We have a small school in which we try to give a large amount of individual instruction and an opportunity for students to perform individ- ual research projects in the laboratories. This type of instruction is expensive and our tuition though high, does not begin to cover the cost per student. As you may know, both the American As- sociation of Dental Schools and the Ameri- can Dental Association through its house of delegates have endorsed H. R. 5940 in prin- ciple. The American Medical Association cannot speak for the dental schools of the country. Very sincerely yours, JAMES M. DUNNING, D. D. 8., Dean. od Turrs CoLLEGE: MEDICAL SCHOOL, Boston, Mass., January 6, 1950. Hon. ANprrw J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Mk. BieMinuen: As dean of Tufts College Medical School, I am writing to say that we here at Tufts favor very strongly the passage of House bill 5940. If we are to continue to train medical doctors under the present standards of quality and quan- tity, we shall need urgently the provisions for aid which are provided in this bill. We hope therefore, that you will do everything you can to bring this bill before the House and to secure favorable action upon it. With full appreciation of your insight into these matters and all you have done for public health in this country in the past, Iam Sincerely yours, Dwicut O'Hara, M. D., Dean. Turrs CoLLEGe DENTAL SCHOOL, Boston, Mass., January 6, 1950. Hon. ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, Fifth Congressional District of Indiana, Washington, D.C. Dean Mr. BIEMILLER: As dean of Tufts College Dental School, I am writing to you to strongly urge your continued support of House bill 6940 for the provision of grants and scholarships for education in medicine, dentistry, and public health. It was clearly shown during the hearings on this bill that there is a desperate need of funds for our professional schools respon- sible for training personnel to whom will be entrusted the health of the Nation. As already noted by the Public Health Subcommittee of the Committee on Inter- state and Foreign Commerce, the number at present being trained by our professional schools falls far behind the number lost annually by death and retirement, even with- out consideration of normal population in- creases. Unless the professional schools are able to obtain the necessary financial assist- ance, it will be impossible to train sufficient experts to effectively take care of the health of the country. Private beneficence can no longer be relied upon to provide adequate assistance, and the present desperate finan- cial plight of the schools emphasizes the critical need for Federal aid. As one who has had experience in the ad- ministration of Government-aided institu- tions in other countries, notably in New Zealand and tn India, the undersigned has no fear of undue government interference with professional teaching institutions. Furthermore, the present need for an ex- panded and more effective total health train- ing program is too urgent for such unlikely considerations, Early passage of House bill 8940 will do much to alleviate the present unfortunate and highly dangerous situation, For this reason I would once again strongly urge that everything possible be done so that 10121 high priority may be given to this bill by the Rules Committee. May I extend my sincere thanks for your cooperation, Yours very truly, 8. D. MarsHALL-Dar, Dean. UNIvERSITY OF VERMONT, AND STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, CoLLecs oF MxpIcINE, Burlington, Vt., February 23, 1950. The Honorable ANpREW J. BreEMILLER, ° The House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. My Dear Mr. Bremiuuer: As dean of the College of Medicine of the University of Ver- mont and State Agricultural College, with the consent of the president of the univer- sity, I am sending this memorandum to various Members of the House of Representa- tives and the Senate urging the prompt pas- sage of H. R. 5940 to give financial aid to professional schools in the field of medicine and health, The reasons for asking Federal tax support of such programs are as follows: ° 1. Both privately endowed and State sup- ported medical schools are in desperate need of immediate financial support, Unless funds become available in the near future, some schools may close. Others, like the College of Medicine of the University of Ver- mont, will be forced to curtail teaching pro- grams and possibly to reduce the number of students accepted. This at a time when pressure is greatest for expansion of schools and the education of more physicians. 2. At the present time the State of Ver- mont and the University of Vermont and State Agricultural College must add at least $3 to every dollar the medical student pays in tuition charges. Tuition is already higher than is considered compatible with the in- come of the vast majority of the families of our students. 8. The continual deficit of the College of Medicine of the University of Vermont, like many other university medical schools, has drawn heavily on university funds and has already necessitated serious curtailment of the university funds available for other im- portant activities. 4, Approximately 45 percent of the gradu- ates of the University of Vermont College of Medicine are either admitted as nonresidents of the State of Vermont or, as graduates, practice in States other than the State of Vermont, In this sense, all colleges of medi- cine are national institutions entitled to some partial Federal support. 5. State appropriations and voluntary gifts in general have not and will not be made in sufficient amounts to meet the costs of medical education. If appropriations from States and gifts from individuals are made, there is no liklihood that they will be available in time to meet the present finan- cial crisis in medical education the country over. 6. Congress has already appropriated for defense upward of sixteen billions of dol- lars during the current year. This will be spent by the military services for the main- tenance of adequate defense. The Army, Navy, Air Force, and United States Public Health Services, charged with the problems of defense, have already turned to the colleges of medicine to recruit neces- sary medical personnel. Twenty percent of the graduates of the class of 1949 of the col- lege of medicine of the University of Ver- mont entered one of these medical services. Vermont paid three-fourths of the cost of educating this personnel. In the event of another war, there will be an even greater draining off of medical grad- uates into military services. The demands upon the colleges of medicine will become in- creasingly greater and will far exceed those of World War II,
10122 7. Unless financial support ts forthcom- ing in the near future, it is unlikely that medical colleges wlll be able to graduate adequate numbers of properly trained physictans to meet the increasing demands of the country at large, to say nothing of military demands for physicians. 8. The problem of our national health 1s the most vital. This can only be adequately met by a reasonable increase in the num- ber of well-trained physiclans graduated from properly supported colleges of medicine. In general, the problem of medical educa- tion, its proper support and supervision, falls quite properly on the shoulders of the As- sociation of American Medical Colleges. Its committee on financial aid to medical edu~ cation has alroady explored the field of in- creased financial support. The committee has cooperated with the committees of both Houses of Congress in the study of proposed Federal aid. The committee has polled the medical colleges and has gone on record in favor of Fedcra!l aid to medical education. The committee has advocated suitable con- trols to keep medical education free from political or Government interference. All are agreed on the importance of this phase of the problem. We hope you will support H. R. 6940 and see that it is given a prompt hearing on the fioor of the House of Representatives. All medical colleges must in the near future pre- pare budgets for the year 1950-51. Hence the urgent need for prompt action. We all hope that a note of false economy May not be used to defeat this important piece of legislation. The best economy in the fleld of medical education today is ade- quate support and expansion of the facilities now available in well-established medical colleges. I will be very glad to answer any questions regarding the urgent need for this important measure. Very truly yours, W. E. Brown, M. D., Dean, JANUARY 27, 1950. Hon. Anpsew J. Biemi.uer, United States House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.: As chancelor of the University of Chicago and chairman of the committee on Federal aid to medical schools of the American As- sociation of Universities, I want to bear ur- gent witness to the critical and immediate need of the medical schools of this country. President Conant’s recent statement on the precarious financial condition of Harvard Medical and Public Health Schools is appli- cable in my opinion to every school in the country training personnel for the profes- sions concerned with health, The cost of pro- viding instruction of high quality for doctors and other medical personne] far exceeds the funds available from tuition and other sources. Without operating funds, schools will be unable to maintain current enroll- ments—already dangerously low—and im- prove present standards of instruction. Pub- lic support in the form of Federal funds ts essential }f echools are to fulfill their public responsibility, providing enough well-trained personnel to meet the health needs of the Nation. Whatever action may be taken on any other aspect of providing adequate health services, the country cannot afford to let existing shortages of trained health per- sonnel increase in severity. I therefore urge your efforts toward prompt passage of H. R. 5940, feeling convinced that in its present form the bill affords adequate protection of academic and administrative freedom while providing reasonable control of the expedi- ture of public funds. Ropgrt Horcsins, Chairman oj the Committee on Fed- eral Aid to Medical Sehools of the American Assoctation of Universi- tres and Chancelor of the University of Chicago. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE Margcs 7, 1950. Excenpr Prom Jorn, CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT~ "se ON TH. Economic Rrprort, SUBCOMMIT- Tex ON LOW-INCOME FAMILIES Senate recommendations, including— 2. Federal assistance in training of doctors and nurses. 8. Federal assistance to existing medical schools and to establish new medical schools where needed. Majority supporting; Senator SPaARKMAN; Senator Fuanprrs; Representative Wa.rss Huers, Democrat, Ohio; Representative Frank Bucnanan, Democrat, Pennsylvania, Ricu opposed to health plan. [From the University of Southern Calffornia Medical Bulletin of April 1950] Why has the cost of medical education been discussed earnestly at every meeting of the Association of American Medical Colleges held in the past few years? What is the sit- uation in the Nation’s medical schools? Is such grave concern justified? The general rise in costs during and since the war has engulfed medical schools in seri- ous financial difficuities, Engaged in a type of education which has always been highly expensive, they have recently been confronted with 80-50 percent increases in salaries, a &0-150 percent rise in the cost of equipment and supplies, and the added expense of in- creased enrollments demanded by the public, Meanwhile, earnings on investments have fallen, and universities have suffered a de- cline in income which has become critical. To offset this somewhat, tuition has been raised, but in no school to a compensatory level. The result has been a disastrous in- crease in the proportion of educational ex- penses not covered by tuition, The seriousness of this problem is well illustrated by the experience of our own achool of medicine, for which the figures in the table below are presented. The most significant figures are those show- ing a rise of more than 450 percent in edu- cational costs not covered by tuition and fees. These costs amounted to about 61,054 in the early 1930's for a 4-year medical edu- cation for one student. The cost of such an education today, above and beyond that portion met by tultion and fees, is more than five times as great, or about 65,884. On the basis of this figure, each class of 65-67 students requires an expenditure by the uni- versity of Over $388,000 by the time it has graduated. Such an amount is not easily provided. It represents a considerable sacri- fice by the university and is an annual contribution to the medical profession and to the community which deserves to be recog- nized. The problem at our institution ts not dif- ferent from that at other medical schools, and the above figures coincide closely with those presented by Alan Valentine, president of the University of Rochester, in an address to the Association of American Medical Col- leges in May 1948. He pointed out that for American schools as a group, tuition and fees covered approximately 70 percent of the cost of medical education in 1910, but less than 30 percent in 1948. 1933-24 | 1949-80 Percent Teaching budget t..... 2.22... 822 Undergraduate onroliment. 60 Total cost per student year._.--.-.-...2---.-- - 204 Tuition and fees per year... .. 47 Percent of cost covered by tuition... 2.22. eee eee 53 Cost not covered by tuition, per student per year........ @3 1 Not including funds for operation of teaching and research fuciitics (light, beat, telophones, etc.), JULY 13 The resulting financial problem {s particu- larly serious for those schools which are maintained by private universities, Including those which are heavily endowed, and has obvious implications for the medical profes- sion since for years 66 percent of all Ameri- can physicians have graduated from private universities. The medical schools of State universities have not entirely escaped the situation either, for they have been confronted with the same rising costs, and thelr increasing budgetary requests have been recelved by State legislatures with growing concern, It is readily understandable, then, why both private and public medical schools are appealing so earnestly to their alumni for support, It is also clear why these schools, through the Association of Ameri- can Medical Colleges, have finally turned to the Federal Government for aid, not only to support their research programs, but to provide necessary funds for at least minimal teaching expenses. On August 3, 1049, the United States Sen- ate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare reported favorably on a bill to provide Fed- eral subsidies to medical schools, This bill, S. 1463, provides $500 for each medical stu- dent up to the school's average past enroll- ment, and 61,000 for each additional student up to 30 percent of the past average enroll- ment. Total payments may not exceed 40 percent of the school’s budget. These sube sidies are not scholarships, and Federal scholarships will not be awarded unless schools are unable to fill their enrollments. Funds under this bill would be provided for & years, except scholarship funds which would extend over 8 years. Although as orig- inally proposed this bill contains certain controversial provisions, an acceptable meas- ‘ure providing for such Federal ald may scon become law. It will be almost impossible to prevent a gradual deterioration of medical education in the United States, and a fall in the stand- ards of medical practice throughout the Nation, unless such Federal aid is provided, or unless markedly increased private philan- thropic support can be obtained. The University of Southern California is ® private, nonsectarian institution. It stands for opportunity, individual initiative, and private enterprise. Together with other private educational institutions, it forms a stanch bulwark of our modern society. If its credo is to be better upheld, and if its position in our society is to be strengthened, the greatest proportion of its support must come from private citizens, The financial need of our medical school is a grave problem. It must be given serious attention by every student, teacher, and graduate of the school, and every layman in- terested in its welfare. It must be placed before the public as sympathetically, clearly, ana forcefully as possible——R. B, B. and .N.D. Tue CRkrGHTON UNIverstrr, ScHoon or MEpIictne, Omaha, Nebr., May 4, 1950. The Honorable ANpREW J. LER, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Bremiuter: I would like to call your attention to the present status of H. R. 5940 which is now under consideration by the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com- merce, It 18 believed that if the critical financial condition of most of the privately owned schools of medicine was known by the Mem- bers of Congress, the present bill, H. R. 5940, would be approved and passed with very few changes. The average cost of medical education per student per year in the United States is
1950 about $2,500. The average yearly tuition paid by each of these students is about $600. The medical schools are, therefore, required to pay out of their own funds the difference between the cost of education and the tuition which amounts to an average of about $1,900 per year per student. The Creighton University is opposed to the recommendations of the American Medical Ascoctation that Federal aid to medical edu- cation is imited to 30 percent of the school’s annual cost of instruction. The Creighton University favors that the limit remain at not less than 40 percent of the annual cost Pt instruction as is shown in the present ALL. Section 872 of H. R. 6940 “Payments to schools for costs of instruction” 1s entirely acceptable to this school. The Creighton University is opposed to the payments being made to the various States instead of directly to the schools because, as you can well understand, the private unlt- versities would not receive any of the funds because many of these States have laws for- bidding the allocation of any funds to pri- vate schools. The Creighton University naturally is op- posed to any type of Federal control over medical education, but believes that her in- terests unre adequately protected by both Senate and House bills. However, if provi- sions similar to those contained in section 2, S. 246, are desired by others interested in medical education these changes would be entirely satisfactory to the Creighton Uni- versity. If there is any doubt in the minds of any of the committee members concerning the attitude of the representatives of the pri- vately owned schools of medicine regarding Federal aid to medical education, I recom- mend that the committee ask each medical school to send a representative to appear before the committee without expense to the Government and explain the stand taken by his school] in this matter. I am sure that it is the general opinion of the administrators of the privately owned medical schools that the matter of Federal aid to medical education is not the problem of the medical schools as the American Medi- cal Association does not provide any funds whatsoever to help in the maintenance of the schools. The medical schools are in- Gependent organizations and, as such, their representatives should be asked to appear be- fore the committee to give first-hand infor- mation regarding this subject. Sincerely yours, P. J. CARROLL, M. D., Dean. MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE, Nashville, Tenn, The Honorable ANDREW J. BINMILLER, House Office Building, Washington, D.C, Dear Siz: Without unforeseen and seem- ingly unavailable grants from private philan- throphy and without Federal aid to medical, dental and nursing education as proposed in legislation now pending before Congress, Meharry Medical College of Nashville, Tenn., an institution that continues to train over 60 percent of the Negro physicians and dentists for this country, may be forced to curtail its program in 1950-51 below the standards required for national accreditation. This would be @ staggering blow to an institution that has successfully maintained national standards in the face of almost unsurmountable difficulties since its found- ing in 1876. The administration, the faculty, staff, and student body, along with 3,000 loyal alumni urge that you carefully consider the plight of this and other privately endowed insti- tutions when this bill is brought before you for decision. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—-HOUSE We hope that aid will be forthcoming from your vote. With a prayer, we leave this im- portant matter in your capable hands. . Bincerely, M. Down Ciawson, President. — UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, Charlottesville, May 6, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, Member of the House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. BreMILLER: May I urge that you, as a member of the Committee on Inter- state and Foreign Commerce, give favorable consideration to the Emergency Professional Health Training Act of 1959, H. R. 5940. The financial status of many of the finest medical schools in the United States is in- secure and it 1s generally pgrecd that unless Federal ald is obtained, the quality of in- struction will deteriorate or some schools may find it necessary to close. Further- more, we are under constant pressure to in- crease enrollment and produce a larger number of physiclans to meet the needs of the country, yet cannot do so within the limitations of our existing staffs and facilities. Certainly, the keystone of the health pro- gram is the production of an adequate num- ber of well-trained personnel. I know of no better investment of Federal funds in the fields of health or education than one which would accomplish that objective. Sincerely yours, VERNON W. Lirparp, M. D., Dean. RESOLUTION OF THE ASSOCIATION OF URBAN UNIVERSITIES, OcTOBER 31, 1949 The Association of Urban Universities, whose membership institutions are carry- ing a large percentage of the burden of medical, dental, and nursing education, voices its approval of 8S. 1453, the emergency health training bill, which would provide outright Federal financial aid to institutions supporting education in these health fields. CoLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, New York, N. Y., May 19, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. My Drar Mr. BreMILLER: May we express the earnest hope that your committee will have favorable consideration to the bill now before your committee proposing an amend- ment of the Public Health Service Act and Vocational Education Act of 1946 to provide an emergency 5-year program of grants for professional education. This is a matter of great urgency in the over-all problem of supplying adequate numbers of well-qualified physicians and other professional personnel to meet the needs of the country. Many of the profes- sional schools are in serious need of financial assistance if they are to maintain their public responsibilities. Hoping that this important legislation may have favorable consideration, I am, Respectfully yours, Writarp C. RAPPLeYE, M. C., Dean and Vice President in Charge of Medical Affairs, Columbia Unt- versity. Tue University or Burraro, Buffalo, N. Y., June 3, 1950. Hon. Anprew J. BIEMILLER, Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee, House of Representae tives, Washington, D. C. My Dear ConGrrssmMan Bremuim: I am writing to urge you to vote favorably on the 10123 passage of H. R. 5940, the bill for the support of medical and other professional education which ts to be considered by the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce on June 6. The University of Buffalo, a privately en- dowed institution, now trains medical stu~ dents, dental students, and nursing stu- dents. Plans have been prepared for the construction of a new medical school which will enable the university to increase by 25 to 50 percent the number of medical and dental students it can train. The Uni- versity of Buffalo has increased the budgetary support of the medical school very consider- ably over the last few years, but cannot sup- ply what ts really needed to develop the pres- ent school to the full, It certainly needs Federal assistance to increase the number of graduates. The problem which faces this school faces ali medical schools and uni- versities in some measure. Hence the urgent need for the support of the proposed bill, H.R. 5940, on which I again urge your favor- able action. Sincerely yours, 8. P. Caren. — LOYOLA UNIVERSITY, ScHOOL OF MEDICINE, Chicago, Iil., May 31, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear CONGRESSMAN: The purpose of this letter is to make a statement with reference to the emergency health training bill, H. R. 5940, providing Federal aid to institutions engaged in training for the health profes- sions. (The companion bill, 8 2246, has already been passed.) The position of Loyola University, com prising a medical school, a dental school, and @ school of nursing education, is as follows: 1. We earnestly favor the passage of H. R. 5940. 2. We understand that the American Medi- cal Association wanted the financial limit of aid set at 30 percent. This, of course, would mean that the schools which most need the aid would get far less help than if the figure had been left at 40 or 50 percent. We think the figure of 40 or 60 percent of the total budget of the school is far more consonant with the purpose of the bill. Any assistance that you might extend will be noted and appreciated. Respectfully yours, Micwaet I. EnoiisH, 8. J., Regent, MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE oF NurRsING, Milwaukee, Wis., June 1, 1950. The Honorable ANDREW J. BImMILuer, The House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. BIEMILLER: We would like you to know that we are interested in bill H. R. 6940, relative to Federal aid to health education. If nursing schools and other schools engaged in health education are to continue to func- tion as educational institutions, it is impera. tive that they receive Federal aid. We have over 500 students enrolled in our school. Of this number, about 150 are in the basic pro- gram, the others are graduate nurses prepare ing for teaching, supervision and public health positions. We shall appreciate your efforts in behalf of bill H. R. 5940. Very truly yours, Sister M. Tuomas, O. 8. F., Dean, College of Nursing, UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE, Louisville, Ky., May 31, 1950, The Honorable AnwprEw J. BIEMILLER, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Dear Me, Bremitien: Thank you for have ing taken the time and trouble to reply
10124 ao carefully and thoughtfully to my recent letter to you concerning the mental health legislation, Thank you in particuler for going out of your way to call my attention to the present status of H. R. 6940. I did not know that the latter bill would be up for consideration on June §& but I had already written Con, UnNpDER- woop in connection with that bill, as you have 6 . With some of the objec- tions to the bill eliminated, as I understand they have been, I do hope that you will see your way clear to support it vigorously 60 that our medical schools can do the job they should do, but are not now able to, to the end that the welfare of the people will be better safeguarded. Very sincerely, J. Mumpay Kinsman, M. D., Dean. UNION UNIVERSITY, ALBANY MenicaL CoLLecx, Albany, N. Y., May 11, 1950. Hon. Anvrrw J. BIEMILLER, House Office Building, Washington, D. C. Dean ConcRessmMAN Byemicier: I under- stand that the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce now has before it a sub- stitute bill for H. R. 59¢0, a bill to aid medi- cal education. I am familiar with the major changes made by the subcommittee and feel that these changes are sound and wise. I know that you are well aware that the quality of medical care the patient receives from his physician is largely determined by the quality of medical education the physi- cian has experienced. I know also that you are aware of the forces, completely outside the control of medical colleges, which have s0 greatly increased thelr costs tn the past five or six years, Speaking only for Albany Medical College, although I think you will find similar situations at most other medical colleges, I can say that only if our income is substantially increased, can we maintain the high level of medical education from which the public benefits so greatly. In view of these facts, I hope that you will exert your full influence to secure passage of the substitute bill to ald medical education. Sincerely yours, R. 5, CUNNINGHAM, M. D, Dean. SPECIAL ORDER The SPEAKER. Under previous or- der of the House, the gentleman from Tilinois (Mr. CHESNEY] is recognized for 10 minutes. KOREA Mr. CHESNEY. Mr. Speaker, the present emergency resulting from the actions of the North Koreans and the in- tervention of our own country in the country of Korea can be attributed to the lack of understanding of the economic and political revolution that has been taking place in the Far and Near East. During my service in the past World War II while stationed in India super- vising a shipment of arms to the Na- tionalist Chinese forces before it fell un- der the onslaught of the Communist hordes, I had occasion to observe those activities which sowed the seeds for the present state of unrest in the world— activities which were carefully planned and carried out by the Kremlin stooges in every nation of the Asiatic sphere. During the final stages of the war in the Pacific, Communist fifth columns were instigating religious warfare in India between the Hindus and Moham- medans, causing unrest in the large cities of Bombay, Calcutta and Delhi as well as inflaming the people of India CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE for the cause of independence in a man- ner which was condemned by Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Nehru and Jinnah, then the Mohammedan leader. Those who were in India at this time, and that included many contingents of our American authorities as well as those of the British and French, seemingly failed to realize the true significance of these subversive maneuvers. Statements issued at that time usually discounted the fact that these demonstrations were the work of Indian Communists. It seemed that too many were taking these activities too lightly. Reliable newspapermen with such metropolitan publications of Calcutta as the States- man and the Hindustan Paprika confided secretly that war censorship prohibited them from reporting the truth of the amount of Communist influence behind these planned movements. In China, Communist activities were planned on a larger scale, with the Chi- nese Nationalist forces actively fighting the Communists in the areas of North China, The Communists were only wait- ing for the disorganization of the Kuo- mintang governmental economy before they moved into the rural areas and the cities. Their communistic fifth-column activities coincided with the movements of General Mao's forces. On the borders of North China and Manchuria, with the Great Wall scpa- rating these areas in some places, there were evident signs that Russian military agents were actually taking active part in the direction of the Chinese Commu- nists. American authorities stationed in this area because of their duties under UNRRA activities and military policing in 1946, stated that Russian troops were bivouacked only a few miles from the lines separating North China and Man- churia, This seemed logical, inasmuch as Russia occupied Manchuria. How- ever, citizens of the village of Cheng ‘Wang Tan reported that on a few occa- sions Russian military personnel were geen crossing the lines and that when Japan fell contingents of Russian troops were ready to move into this area, but were quickly withdrawn into the interior of Manchuria. In 1946, with the fall of Japan, mill- tary equipment and arms were supplied in great quantities to the Nationalist Armies under lend-lease, to fight the organized groups of the Communist puppet force. Incidents happened at that time which, under normal conditions, could easily set off the spark for another war. Off the port of Dairen, an American plane was shot down. The port villages of North China were repeatedly attacked by Communists. In many instances American Marine personnel had to be called in to repel the invaders. In the village of Chiang Kai Kwan, two Ameri- can marines were ambushed by Com- munist raiders. In Shanghai {t was openly known, but not considered factual in the influential circles of Chinese society, that Russian influence would some day have the upper hand in the direction of the communities, These actual experiences added to the series of events that. have been takirg JULY 18 place in the East, not only at the end of World War I but before the last world conflict, tend to give us a clearer understanding of what is now facing us. It is difficult to realize that these events were not fully comprehended by many authorities who were considered to be experts in far- and near-eastern affairs. To place the blame on any individual or political party is not the answer, as all must share the responsibility. The real fault lies in our mistake of not knowing or recognizing the Asiatic conception of life, whether it be economic, political, or social. We know that we have an ex- cellent authority in General MacArthur, who has had lifelong experience with Asia, MacArthur together with a few others who can be considered as experts in this matter, have been influential in convincing the Western World of the true state of affairs in that part of our globe. The SPEAKER. Under previous order of the House, the gentleman from Penn- sylvania [Mr. EBERHARTER] 1s recognized for 15 minutes. SOCIAL SECURITY ACT Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935 after long and careful study by the Congress. In the present session we have given careful consideration to proposals to improve the old-age and survivors insurance provision of that act. Amendments improving the insur- ance provisions have been passed by both the Senate and House by overwhelming majorities. Other amendments also were adopted. One of these, the Know- Jand amendment, is a provision, added on the floor of the other body, which might substantially affect, not old-age and survivors insurance, but the un- employment compensation program. The bill is now in the committee of conference, where its ultimate content will be decided. The unemployment compensation program has been in operation for 15 years. The Knowland amendment was considered by the Senate for less than 15 minutes. It has not been considered by the House at all, and no hearings on the amendment have been held by either the House or Senate. The House is en- titled to know just what the effect of this amendment would be. In my opin- ion, the amendment is so ambiguous, and such scant consideration has been given to it, that no one can safely predict what its effect will be. Under the Federal social-security stat~- ute as it now stands, no State law can be certified for offset against the Federal tax if the State law has been so changed that it no longer contains the safeguards enumerated in section 1603 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Knowland amendment would delete the words “changed its law” and insert the words “amended its law.” Does this mean that a change in the State law which is not the result of legislative action must be ignored? 1 do not have to remind this body that the interpretation given to a law by the administrative body which applies the law and by the courts which review that administrative action is a
1950 vital part of the law and cannot be ignored. The sponsor of this amend- ment has said on the floor of the Sen- ate that its scope is very limited and that the changes it makes are more of a clarifying and procedural than of a substantive nature, He has stated that the amendment in no way affects the re- quirement of the Federal law that the standards enacted by Congress must be met before an offset against the Federal tax is granted. But, at the same time, the Senator stated that the purpose of the amendment was to make it clear that only State legislative action shall be deemed to change the State law. If the amendment means that the con- struction given to the law is to be ignored, then I could only conclude that the effect of the standards enacted by Congress may be seriously curtailed. These stand- ards were enacted in 1935 to insure that credit against the Federal tax would be granted only if the law enacted by a State was a genuine unemployment- compensation law, contained provisions safeguarding the solvency of the fund collected to pay unemployment-~-compen- sation benefits, and insured that the fund would not be used to pay benefits con- traly to basic standards set by the Con- gress. These standards are something of a guaranty to each State against unfair competition from other States, because they tend to insure that all will have laws of the same general type. Jf the effect of the Knowland amend- ment 1s to encroach upon the standards which the Congress of the United States adopted after much deliberation and full consideration, I am sure that none of us favor the enactment of such legislation, at least without having an opportunity first to adequately consider the full sig- nificance of such an amendme.t. Now, Mr. Speaker, I cite the deletion of the words “changed its law” and the insertion of the words “amended its law” as one example of the provisions of this amendment which might have far-reach- ing effect Any change in ths unemploy- ment compensation provisions of the Social Security Act is entitled to the same detailed consideration as has been given to the other provis:ons of this bill. When we are dealing with a highly tech- nical amendment in a highly technical field it is doubly essential that we ad- here to orderly legislative process so that the full effect of a proposal can be as- certained. I hope the conference com- mittee will not place its stamp of ap- proval on an amendment on which we have not had the opportunity to hold hearings, and regarding which we have not had time to fully consider and weigh its effect. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to address the House for 6 minutes and to revise and extend my remarks, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Wis- consin? There was no objection. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, re- cently a drama of industrial statesman- ship was unfolded before the people of the State of Wisconsin and of the Na- XCVI——638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE tion. The signing of the 5-year labor contract between the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., the largest single employer in the State of Wisconsin and in my district, and Local No, 248, VAW- CIO, the largest union in the State, cov- ering approximately 10,000 production employees at the West Allis, Wis., plant, and the ratification of this contract by the union membership, made history in the field of labor relations. Both the company and the union declare that the far-sighted provision of this fine agree- ment should assure harmonious labor relations and attitudes over the next 5 years. I am certain, with this evidence of good faith, the give and take on the part of both management and union, that harmony will prevail in the Allis-Chal- mers organization for more than 5 years. This agreement represents the maturest form of collective bargaining, worked out by a union whose development to this maturity is evidenced by the skill and understanding with which 1t achieved its goals. This maturity is likewise demonstrated by the Allis-Chal- mers Manufacturing Co.’s realization of the need for long-range thinking on the part of American management, and for full recognition of the place at the bar- gaining table of the representatives of the employees. The 5-year agreement is of incalcula- ble benefit to the people of my district, to the people of metropolitan Milwau- kee, to the people of the State, and to the people of the Nation. Indeed, the full significance of this fine example of labor-management statesmanship can only be seen when it 1s realized that the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., in peace and in war, is a key cog in our national industrial production. I wish to congratulate and compli- ment. on the fioor of the House Mr. Wal- te: Geist, the president of the Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Co, and his associates, who have arrived at this mo- mentous decision. I wish to extend my congratulations and commend the efforts of the officials of local No 248, UAW- CIO, who, under the able stewardship and leadership of its president, Mr. Charles Schultz, have proven at the Alhs-Chalmers that well-managed un- ions can achieve their goals at the bar- gaining table by negotiation. My sin- cerest congratulations are also extended to the negotiating committees of the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co. and of local No, 248, UAW-CIO, which in- cluded Messrs. Harry Ladwig, E. W. Bonness, E. F. Ohrman, John Waddle- ton, Fred Worley, K. C. Flory, and Ken- neht Haagensen on the part of the com- pany, and Messrs. Charles Schultz, Joseph Glynn, Harvey Kitzman, Law- rence Carlstrom, Anthony Audia, Carl Sage, Richard Jones, Doug Bennett, and Ray Maxim, on the part of the union. This is truly a magnificent achievement on the part of both the company and the union, Contract provisions include~ First. A unique mutual securities clause providing for a modified union shop similar in many respects to that at General Motors. 10125 Second. A 3-cents per hour general wage increase effective immediately and another 3 cents at the beginning of the second year of the contract. At the end of the sccond year, the parties may con- tinue the 3 cents per hour for each of the three remaining years, or either party may ask that the contract be opened for wage negotiations. Additional wage adjustments for cer- tain skilled occupations. A cost-of-living formula providing an adlustment of 1 cent per hour for each 1.25 change in the Bureau of Labor Sta- tistics cost of living index. Adjust~- ments under the formula are to be made semiannually. Creation of a joint study committee on rates of pay with a fund equal to 2 cents per hour per employee to be used for rate adjustments in the area of inequities. Third. An increase in the group insur- ance minimum from $2,000 to $3,000 with the premium reduced from 60 cents per $1,000 per month to 45 cents. Fourth. An amended vacation plan which provides a 3 weeks’ vacation for employees with 15 or more years of con- tinuous service. Fifth. A previously-announced master pension plan offering $100 per month maximum pensions, including Federal benefits, to employees retiring at age 65 with 25 years of service. This plan covers employees represented by the UAW-CIO at West Allis: La Crosse, Wis ; Sprinefield, Ill.; Pittsburgh, Pa.; and Gadsden, Ala., plants. Sixth. Grievance machinery changes providing for increased participation of union bargaining committeemen, on company time, and the international rep- resentative in grievance processing. Seventh. The company agreed to con- tinue to match employee contributions to the Mutual Aid Society on the basis of the increased health and accident in- surance benefits made available to em- ployees through the Mutual Aid Society earlier this year. Eighth. Changes requested by the UAW in contract sections relating to discipline, seniority, and layoff pro- cedures. The contract may be reopened at the end of 2 years for negotiations only on wages and on the right of the arbitrator to modify discipline. A no-strike clause prohibits work stoppages except follow~ ing a strike referendum during the one reopening period. The mutual securities section provides financial and membership security for the union with the following union shop provisions: First. Employees who are not now members of the union are not required to join. Second. Present members of the union may resign during the period of five working days following the effective date of the agreement. But employees who do not so resign must thereafter remain members of the union and pay union dues and general assessments as & con- dition of employment. Third. Each new employee must Join the union within 90 days after hiring and pay the initiation fee, union dues and
10126 general assessments as a condition of employment. A democratic processes section affords the following guaranties to employees: First. Democratic processes within the union are assured with respect to elec- tions of union officials and participation of members in the conduct of the affairs of the union. This provides a positive method whereby union members can pre- vent control of their union by a subver~ sive group. The company agreed that such elections will be held on company time and premises and without loss of pay. Second. The freedom of action of em- ployees in relation to union activities is insured against any interference. Third. Assurance against interference with the right to work is provided. Fourth. In the event of a strike, em- ployees are guaranteed a secret ballot vote referendum, which will be held on company premises during working hours at company expense. The following statements, made after the contract was negotiated, illustrate why I believe that industrial peace will reign for more than 6 years at Allis- Chalmers: Mr. Walter Geist, the president of Al- lis-Chalmers, said: An agreement on a contract has been reached that marks a new era for our em- ployeos, the union, stockholders, and cus- tomers. It 1s gratifying to learn that at the bar- gaining table there were mutual respect and natural, courteous consideration of the other fellow’s position We believe that through the mutual secu- ritles clause and other contract provisions, we have taken ea constructive approach in offering our contribution to industrial peace and uninterrupted production. Mr. Charles Schultz, president of local No. 248, UAW-CIO, termed the con- tract— The most outstanding agreement, insofar as personal security and union security are concerned, ever to be negotiated between the company and our local union. We hope to prove that our local is worthy of the trust that the management has placed in us as demonstrated by this agreement. Mr. Harvey Kitzman, UAW-CIO re- gion 10, director, praised the new Allis- Chalmers contract won by local 248, UAW-CIO: Most of us realize that it took a good union to win this contract. GM agreement served as an ice breaker, and the union took full ad- vantage of the trend. It is the first 5-year contract in the region. Mr. John W. Livingston, vice president of the UAW-CIO and director of the agricultural-implement division, said that the agreement affords an oppor- tunity for the building of mutual respect between the parties. I believe that it may be the foundation of a strong and lasting peace. The escalator clause, based On the cost of living, plus the wage increase recognizing the annual improvement factor in produc- tion, can mean more and better goods will be available at lower cost. This serves as @ bulwark to American labor and industry in our cold war economy. It is in keeping with our system of free enterprise that workers who participate in CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE the benefits of this contract will also be able In a Derticipate in an increasing standard of s. With this kind of spirit on the part of both the union and the company, Allis- Chalmers cannot fail to continue to march toward ever-increasing industrial harmony. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Mr, JACKSON of Washington (at the request of Mr. MANSFIELD) was given per- mission to extend his remarks and in- clude several articles from various news- papers. Mr, DINGELL (at the request of Mr. O'Brien of Michigan) was given permis- sion to extend his remarks in two in- stances and include quotations in each. Mr. WHITE of California asked and was given permission to extend his re- marks and include a speech he made in California. Mr. BOYKIN asked and was given per- mission to extend his remarks and in- clude a speech by Ben May. Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin asked and was given permission to extend his re- marks in two instances and include ex- traneous matter. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska asked and was given permission to extend his re- marks on the subject of meat in the human diet. Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin asked and was given permission to extend his re- marks in the Recorp and include an edi- torial. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts asked and was given permission to extend his remarks and include a speech by ex- Governor Landon before the Foreign Policy Association. Mr. HORAN asked and was given per- mission to extend his remarks and in- clude an editorial from the Country Gen- tueman. Mr. McCORMACK (at the request of Mr. EBERHARTER) was given permission to extend his remarks and include a state- ment made by Mr. McCormack addressed to the fifty-third annual convention of the Zionist Organization of America. Mr. WAGNER (at the request of Mr. ZABLOCKI) was given permission to ex- tend his remarks and include ar. editorial from the Cincinnati Post. ADJOURNMENT Mr, EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now adjourn. The motior was agreed to; according- ly (at 4 o’clock and 5) minutes p. m.), under its previous order, the House ad- journed until Monday, July 17 1950, at 12 o’clock noon. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive communications were taken from the Speaker's table and referred as follows: 1555, A letter from the Under Secretary of the Navy, transmitting a report of all claims paid pursuant to section 2673 of title 28, United States Code; to the Com- mittee on the Judictary. 1586. A communication from the Presi- dent of the United States, transmitting sup- plemental estimates of appropriation for the fiscal year 1951 in the amount of 680,- 000,000 for the Department of State and JuLy 18 the General Services Administration (H. Doc. No. 641); to the Committee on Appropria- tions and ordered to be printed. 1887. A letter from the Secretary of the Army, transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, dated February 28, 1949, submitting a report, to~ gether with accompanying papers and illus- trations, on a review of reports on the Kaneas River and tributaries, Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas, made pursuant to the several congressional authorizations listed in the report (H. Doc, No. 642); to the Committee on Public Works and ordered to be printed, with two illustrations, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIO BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of committees were delivered to the Clerk for printing and reference to the proper calendar, as follows: Mr, BATES of Kentucky: Committee of conference. H. R. 8568 A bill making appropriations for the government of the District of Columbia and other activities chargeable in whole or in part against the revenues of such District; without amend- ment (Rept. No. 2540). Ordered to be printed. Mr DAWSON: Committee on Expendi- tures in the Executive Departments. 8. 2018 An act to authorize advancements to and the relmbursement of certain agencies ofthe Treasury Department for services performed for other Government agencies, and for other purposes, with amendment (Rept No. 2541). Referred to the Commit- tee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr, DAWSON: Committee on Expendi- tures in the Executive Departments, 8. 2357. An act to amend the act of May 26, 1936, authorizing the withholding of coms pensation due Government personnel, with- out amendment (Rept, No. 2642). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, Mr, DAWSON: Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments H.R 8621 A bill to facilitate the settlement of the ac- counts of certain deceased civilian officers and employees of the Government; without amendment (Rept. No, 2643). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr, DAWSON: Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments H.R.8662 A bill to provide for financing the operations of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Treas- ury Department, and for other purposes; without amendment (Rept. No. 2544). Re- ferred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr, DAWSON: Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments. H.R 9038. A bill to authorize the President to determine the form of the national budget and of de- partmental estimates, to modernize and sim- plify governmental accounting and auditing methods and procedures, and for other pur- poses; with amendment (Rept. No. 2556 Re- ferred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr. PETZRSON: Committee on Public Lands. H.R. 8975, A bill to amend the Syn- thetic Liquid Fuels Act, as amended; with amendment (Rept. No 2557). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and Means. House Joint Resolution 489. Joint resolution to permit articles imported from foreign countries for the purpose of exhibi-~ tion at the Mid-Century International Ex- position, Inc., New Orleans, La., to be ad mitted without payment of tariff, and for other purposes; without amendment (Rept,
1950 No. 2561}. Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and Means. House Joint Resolution 496. Joint resolution to permit articles imported from foreign countries for the purpose of exhibi- tion at the International Food Exposition, Inc, Chicago, Ill, to be admitted without payment of tariff, and for other purposes; without amendment (Rept No 2562). Re- ferred to the Committee on the Whole House on the State of the Union. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of committees were delivered to the Clerk for printing and reference to the proper calendar, as follows: Mr WALTER: Committee on the Judiciary. S_nate Concurrent Resolution 90 Concur- rent resolution favoring the suspension of deportation of certain aliens, without amendment (Rept No 2545) Referred to the Committee of the Whole House, Mr WALTER Committee on the Judiciary, Senate Concurrent Resolution 95 Concur- rent resalution favoring the suspension of deportation of certain aliens, with amend- ment (Rept Nc.2646) Referred to the Com- mittee of the Whole House. Mr FELLOWS Committee on the Judici- ary H R 6832 A bill for the relef of Choko Nishida, with amendment (Rept No 2547). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House Mr WALTER: Committee on the Judiciary. H R 7570 A bill for the relief of Kiyoko § Barr and Harue Barr, with amendment (Rept No 2548) Referred to the Commit- tee of the Whole House. Mr GRAHAM. Committee on the Judici- ary H R 7919. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Yukiko Yoshii French; with amendment (Rept No 2549) Referred to the Commit- tee of the Whole House Mr FEIGHAN Committee on the Judict- ery H R 8383. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Gerald Goodwin; without amendment (Rept. No 2550). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr FELLOWS Committee on the Judici- ery H R 8473 A bill for the rellef of Kimiko Tomita, without amendment (Rept No. 2551) Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr GRAHAM. Committee on the Judici- ery H.R 8568. A bill for the relicf of Kimiko Yamaguchi; without amendment (Rept. No 2552). Referred to the Commit- tee of the Whole House. Mr. GOSSETT: Committee on the Judici- ary. H R. 8684. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Yumiko Kawai Misanin and her daughter, Maria Mari Misanin; with amendment (Rept. No 2553). Referred to the Commit- tee of the Whole House Mr FEIGHAN; Committee on the Judici- ary. H.R.8742. A bill for tho relief of Mrs. Tokiko Amano Roloson; without amend- ment (Rept No. 2554). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. GRAHAM: Committee on the Judici- ary. H,R.8826. A bill for the relief of Yaeko Nakajima; without amendment (Rept. No. 2555). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. WALTER. Committee on the Judici- ary H R. 7563. A bill for the relief of Dr. Nicola Di Palma; with amendment (Rept. No, 2558). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. MORRIS: Committee on Public Lands. H.R. 6697. A bill authorizing the issuance of a patent in fee to Howard H. Moran; with @mendment (Rept. No. 2559). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE Mr. PETERSON: Committee on Public Lands. House Joint Resolution 487. Joint resolution to confirm title in fee simple in Joshua Britton to certain lands in Jefferson County, lll, without amendment (Rept No. 2560). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public bills and resolutions were introduced and severally referred as follows: By Mr PACE: H R 9109. A bill to amend the Agricul- tural Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended; the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allot- ment Act, Public Law 74, Seventy-seventh Congress, the Agricultural Act of 1949, and for other purposes, to the Committee on Agriculture By Mr BRAMBLETT: HR 9110 A bill to donate the Salinas Dam and Reservoir to the county or city of San Luis Obispo, Calif.; to the Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments, By Mr GAMBLE: H R 9111. A bill to incorporate the United States Olympic Association, to the Commit- tee on the Judiclary. H R 9112. A bill to amend section 3 of the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946 in certain respects, and for other purposes, to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fish- eries. By Mr WEICHEL: H R 9113. A bill to prevent the shipment in interstate commerce of undersized fish; to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries By Mr CASE of New Jersey: H R 9114. A bill to amend subchapter A, chapter 15, Internal Revenue Code, relating to cigarette tax, by exempting from taxation cigarettes purchased by veterans’ organiza- tions for distribution as gifts to hospitalized present or former members of the Armed Forces of the United States; to the Commit- tee on Ways and Means. By Mr LYNCH H R 9115 A bill to incorporate the United States Olympic Association; to the Com- mittee on the Judiciary, By Mr. BRYSON: H R 9116 A bill to amend certain titles of the United States Code, and for other pur- poses, to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. FORAND: H R 9117 A bill to amend section 3268 (a), Internal Revenue Code, relating to tax on bowling alleys and billiard and pool tables, by tax-exempting certain veterans’ organiza- tions and their local posts or chapters, to the Committee on Ways and Means H R 9118 A bill to amend section 22 (b) (2), Internal Revenue Code, act of Feb- ruary 10, 1939 (53 Stat 10), relating to in- come-tax exemption of certain employees, by including certain veterans’ organization employees, and others, to the Committee on Ways and Means. H R 9119 A bill to amend subchapter A, chapter 15, Internal Revenue Code, relating to tax on cigarettes, by tax-exempting cig- arettes purchased by veterans’ organizations for distribution to hospitalized veterans and servicemen; to the Committee on Ways and Means By Mr. EBERHARTER: H.R. 9120. A bill to amend section 322 (b) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code; to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. WALTER: H R 9121. A bill to amend the War Con- tractors Relief Act with respect to the defi- nition of a request for relief, to authorize consideration and settlement of certain claims of subcontractors, to provide reason- able compensation for the services of part- 10127 ners and proprietors, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. DEANE: H Con. Res. 233. Concurrent resolution in- creasing the compensation of employees of the Government Printing Office engaged in the preparation of the indexes of the Con- GRESSIONAL Record; to the Committee on House Administration. By Mr. JUDD: H Con Res 234, Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on For- eign Affairs By Mr JAVITS: H Con Res 235 Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on For- eign Affairs. By Mr. EATON: H. Con Res 236. Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific pact and United States par- ticipation thercin; to the Committee on For- eign Affairs By Mr. FULTON: H Con Res 237 Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs By Mr LODGE: H Con Res 238 Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr MERROW: H Con Res 239. Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States pars ticipation therein, to the Committee on Foreign Affalis By Mr. RIBICOFF: H Con Res 240 Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs By Mr. SMATHERS: H.Con Res 241 Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States par~ ticipation therein; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. ZABLOCKI: H Con Res 242. Concurrent resolution to favor a Pacific Pact and United States par- ticipation therein; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private bills and resolutions were introduced and severally referred as follows: By Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan: H R 9122 A bill for the relief of Miss Maria Sarandrea; to the Committee on the Judiciary By Mr. LANE: H.R. 9123. A bill for the relief of Miyoko Hori; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. NORRELL: H.R. 9124. A bill for the relief of Mitsuko Gotou and her minor son; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr, RAMSAY: H R.9125. A bill for the rellef of Ciro Mazzella; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mrs, ST. GEORGE: HR 9126. A bill for the relief of Guiseppe Biolzi; to the Committee on the Judiciary, By Mr, THOMAS: H.R. 9127. A bill for the relief of John C. Crossman; to the Committee on the Judiciary. PETITIONS, ETC. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, 2258. The SPEAKER presented a petition of Hebden Porteus, secretary, Hawali State Constitutional Convention, Honolulu, T. H., requesting the Postmaster General, upon the
10128 admission of Hawaii as a State of the Union, to cause a 6-cent air-matl stamp to be de- signed, embodying therein the proposed seal of the State of Hawali and commemorating the admission of Hawaii into the Federal Union, which was referred to the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. SENATE Fray, Juty 14, 1950 (Legislative day of Saturday, July 1,1950) The Senate met st 12 o’clock meridian, on the expiration of the recess. The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Harris, D. D., offered the following prayer: Father of all mercies, in the toils and troubles of time Thou hast set vistas of eternity in our hearts. Save us, we be- secch Thee, from the supreme hypocrisy of making this holy moment of com- munion with the unseen and eternal but g conventional gesture of unfelt piety. At this high altar of the national life preserve us from praying with our lips only and not with our hearts and minds. As we come in a high hour of human destiny solemnized by the tangled trag- edy in which all human life is caught, help us in these trying days, rising above all that is base and small, to work to- gether in glad and eager harmony for the honor, safety, and welfare of our Na- tion and of all the peoples of this stricken earth who unite in mutual good will with a ruling passion to open the gates of a new life for all mankind. We ask it in the dear Redeemer’s name. Amen, THE JOURNAL On request of Mr, MAyBanx., and by unanimous consent, the reading of the Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, July 13, 1950, was dispensed with. MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT— APPROVAL OF BILLS Mossages in writing from the Presi- dent of the United States were commu- nicated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his secretaries, and he announced that on July 13, 1950, the President had approved and signed the act (8. 2596) relating to education or training of vet- erans under title II of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (Public Law 346, 79th Cong., June 22, 1944). MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE A message from the House of Repre- sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, one of its reading clerks, announced that the House had passed the following bills, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: H.R. 7670. An act to regulate the height, exterior design, and construction of private and semipublic buildings in the Georgetown area of the National Capital; H.R. 7940. An act to provide financial assistance for local educational agencies in areas affected by Federal activities, and for other purposes; H.R. 8710. An act to provide for the im-~- provement of stadium facilities at the Zast- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE ern Senior High School In the District of Columbia; and H.R. 8900, An act to authorize the District of Columbia government to establish an Office of Civil Defense, and for other pur- poses. LEAVES OF ABSENCE On request of Mr. Maysank, and by unanimous consent, Mr. JoHNSTON of South Carolina was excused from attend- ance on the sessions of the Senate through Tuesday of next week. On his own request, and by unanimous consent, Mr. Munot was excused from attendance on the sessions of the Senate from the end of the session today until 1 o'clock on Tuesday, July 18. On request of Mr. Hiy, and by unan- imous consent, Mr. SPARKMAN WAS €X- cused from attendance on the sessions of the Senate on Monday and Tuesday of next week, because of official business. CALL OF THE ROLL Mr. MAYBANK. I suggest the ab- sence cf a quorum. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secre- tary will call the roll. The roll was called, and the following Senators answered to their names: Anderson Hendrickson Maybank Brewster Hickenlooper Millikin Bridges Hill Morse Butler Hoey Mundt Byrd Holland Murray Capehart Humphrey Noely Chapman Ives O'Conor Chavez Jenner O'Mahoney Connally Johnson, Colo. Pepper Cordon Johnson, Tex. Robertson Darby Kem Russell Donnell Kerr Saltonstall Douglas Ellgore Schoeppel Dworshak Langer Smith, Maine Eastland Leahy Smith, N. J. Ecton, Lehman Sparkman Eliender Lucas Stennis Ferguson McCarran Thomas, Okla. Frear McCarthy Thomas, Utah Fulbright McClellan Thye George McFarland Tydings Gillette McKellar Watkins Graham McMahon Wherry Green Magnuson Wiley Gurney Malone Williams Hayden Martin Young Mr. LUCAS. I announce that the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Benron] and the Senator from Pennsylvania {Mr. Myers] are absent on public business. The Senator from California {Mr, Downey] is absent because of illness. The Senator from Wyoming [Mr. Hunt] and the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. Keravver] are absent on official committee business. The Senator from South Carolina (Mr. JoHNnston], the Senator from Loul- giana {Mr. Lona], the Senator from Idaho [Mr. Tayzor], and the Senator from Kentucky {Mr. WrrHers] are ab- sent by leave of the Senate. Mr, SALTONSTALL. I announce that the Senator from Vermont [Mr. Amen], the Senator from Washington [Mr, Catn], the Senator from New Hampshire (Mr. Tosry], and the Senator from Michigan (Mr. VANpeNpgRG] are absent by Jeave of the Senate, The junior Senator from Ohio (Mr. Bricker), the Senator from Vermont (Mr. Franners), the Senator from Mas- JULY 14 sachusetts [Mr. Loner], and the senior Senator from Ohio [Mr. Tarr] are neces- sarily absent. The Senator from California [Mr. Knowtanp] is absent because of illness in his family. The VICE PRESIDENT. present, TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE BUSINESS By unanimous consent, the following routine business was transacted: DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE PAPERS The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a letter from the Archivist of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a list of papers and documents on the files of several departments and agencies of the Government which are not needed in the conduct of business and have no permanent value or histori- cal interest, and requesting action look- ing to their disposition, which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to a Joint Select Committee on the Disposi- tion of Papers in the Executive Depart- ments. The VICE PRESIDENT appointed My. Jounston of South Carolina and Mr. LANGER members of the committee on the part of the Senate, COMPULSORY HEALTH INSURANCE— RESOLUTION OF MARYLAND &TATE BAR ASSOCIATION Mr. O’CONOR. Mr. President, com- prising as it does in its membership, out- standing practicing attorneys in the State, the Maryland State Bar Associa- tion, in its formal pronouncements, voices the considered opinion of a great number of well-informed, civic-minded, and patriotic leaders of our citizenry. At this year’s annual convention, held in Atlantic City, N. J., on June 29, 30, and July 1, the association went for- mally on record in opposition to the adoption of a program of compulsory health insurance, thus adding to the weight of public expressions on this point from within Maryland, which have been almost too numerous to recall. In an accompanying letter from the chairman of the committee on laws the views of the association and of the com- mittee were expressed as opposed to the adoption of a program dealing with this general subject. In this connection, I think it timely to reiterate my oft- declared opposition to socialized medi- cine, in the conviction that American medical knowledge and ingenuity can better assure to the people of our country adequate medical services and facilities than could possibly be had under Fed- eral regimentation. I present the resolution for appro- priate reference, and ask unanimous consent that it may be printed in the Recor. There being no objection, the resolu- tion was referred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare and ordered to be printed In the Recorp, as follows: Whereas the President of the United States has recommended to the Congress the adop- tion of a health program which includes, A quorum is
1950 among other things, provision for compulsory health insurance, sometimes referred to as socialized medicine; and Whereas the Congress of the United States has such recommendation under considera- tion; and Whereas the Maryland State Bar Associa- tion in convention assembled has considered such proposal; and Whereos the medical profession of the United States has, through private practice, established the world's highest standards for medical care and has provided a larger num- ber of doctors per capita than any other nation; and Whereas the adoption of such a program would destroy the present relationship be- tween doctor and patient and would create a necd for another governmental bureau for the administration of such program with resulting increase in the Federal budget; and Whereas the present system of medical cure and the rapid incrense in voluntary health insurance and hospitalization plans is pro- viding, in a democratic way, better medical service to the people of the United States Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Maryland State Bar Association declares that it is opposed to the adoption of a program of compulsory health insurance, sometimes referred to as socialized medicine, by the Congress of the United States; and it is further Resolved, That a copy of this resolution he sent to each member of the Maryland dele- gation in the Congress of the United States. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES The following reports of committees were submitted: By Mr. HOLLAND, from the Committee on Public Works: H R. 17722 A bill to provide for the acquisi- tion and preservation, as a part of the Na- tional Capital Parks System, of the Old Stone House in the District of Columbia; with an amendment (Rept. No. 2043). By Mr. McCLELLAN, from the Committce on Public Works: H R.7941 A bill to amend and supplement the Federal-~Aid Road Act, approved July 1], 1916 (39 Stat. °55), as amended and supple- mented, to authorize appropriations for con- tinuiny the construction of highways, and for other purposes; with an amendment (Rept No. 2044). By Mr. McCARRAN, from the Committee on the Judiciary: H.R. 4601 A bill for the rellef of Jeannette Passayanni-Copodistria; without arnendment (Rept. No, 2045). INVESTIGATION OF CAUSE OF INCREAS- ING UNEMPLOYMENT IN COAL AND OTHER INDUSTRIES—REPORT OF A COMMITTEE (REPT. NO. 2042) Mr. NEELY. Mr. President, in pur- suance of Senate Resolution 274, I pre- sent from the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare a report of an investiga- tion of the cause of increasing unem- ployment in the coal, oil, railroad, and certain other industries, together with a statement of the supplemental views of the Senator from Ohio {Mr. Tarr]. I ask that both the report and the state- ment be printed. The VICE PRESIDENT. The report together with the supplemental views will be received and printed as requested by the Senator from West Virginia. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PERSONNEL AND FUNDS Pursuant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Congress, first session, the fol- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE lowing reports were received by the Sec- retary of the Senate: JuLy 13, 1950. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE Executive DEPARTMENTS To the SECRETARY OF THE SENATE: The above-mentioned committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Con- gress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the period from January 1, 1950, to June 30, 1950, together with the funds available to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Rate ol Total Name and professton ovat | Ralnty i annnd | ed salary Walter TL. Revrolds, che! dak and stal? director - Ann M, Gnrichts, assistant clued clerk eee a Molhe Jo MeCarthy (Mrs ), Geri- cal assistant... Finily 1, Tenny $10, 846, OO)$5, 422, 98 2, 980, 62 4,154 Us! 2,077.14 8,979, 34) assistant..2000 22 2 Lee 4,184 28) 9,077.14 Velda Blanche Holder, cereal vepistamt 2. 4, 007, 49! 2, 033, 70 Ray Barnett, clerical assistant 3, T1NN7! 1, s1G 44 Glenn Ko Shriver, professtonal staff member. : Miles Seull, Jr, professional staff member oo ee eee Herman C Loeffler, professional stuff member 2-22 222-2222. wee Brewster Ho Marshall (terminated Feb 18, 1980), professional staff member... eek Thoma: A Sappington (from Pet 16, 1850), professional staf? mem- ber eee eee cence eee tenes ®, 102. 65} 4, 501, 24 9, 683, 91) 4, £27. 78 10, #16. 00) 6, 492, 98 8, 024.17) 1, 003, 02 8,024.17! 3, 009. 06 Funds authorized or appropriated for com- mittee expenditure (Alet Cong). 222.2... $10,000 00 Anlount expended to date. 22. 2.0.2 we. |) 4,387 81 Balance unexpended —.. --- =, 612.19 Joun L. McCuELran, Choirman, JULY 13, 1950. RxerPort OF COMMITTEE ON EXPENDIIURES IN THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS SUBCOMMITTEE ON RELATIONS WITH INTFRNA- TIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (8. RES. 51) To the SECRETARY OF THE SENATE: The above-mentioned committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Con- gress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the period from January 1, 1950, to February 15, 1950, together with the funds available to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Total Nume and profession RLOSS) | ealary annual | peeved salary ceive $8, 521. 88/$1, OOK, 22 3, (0. 56) 407. 57 FE, Nobleman, counsel .......... Mrs. Katharine M. Els, secretary. Total funds authorized or appropriated for subcommittee expenditure under 8. Res 51. $18, 000. 00 Total amount expended.......-2.2..-.0necee 13, 100, 82 Balance unexpended.... ..-....--- -- 4, 809,18 HERBERT R. O'Conokr, Chairman, Subcommittee, Joty 18, 1950. REPoRT OF COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS SUBCOMMITTEE ON RELATIONS WITH INTERNA- TIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (8. RES. 205) To the SECRETARY OF THE SENATE: The above-mentioned committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Con- 10129 gress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the period from February 16, 1980, to June 30, 1950, together with the funds available to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Total salary receiver Fands authorized or appropriated for sub- committee expenditure under 8. Res, 206.. $18, 000, 00 Amount expended... 002222. .e esa eee ee eens 4, 880, 04 Balance unexpended.....0 0200. 02... 14, 110. 06 HERBrRT R. O'Conor, Chairman, Subcommittee. JuLy 13, 1950. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE EXECUrIVE DEPARTMENTS SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS (8. RES, 51) To the SECRETARY OF THL SENATE: The above-mentioned committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Con- egress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the perlod from January 1, 1950, to February 15, 1050, together with the funds available to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Namo and profession " lary annual received salary cnt i cen tine eee Paul WH Menk, Jr, staff member. ..| $9,019, 50/$1, 127, 44 Mary A Feiman (irom Jan, 24 232, 63 1930), clerical assistant... 22. , --| 3, 806, 78 Total funds authorized or appropriated for subcommittee expenditure under 8, Res, 1) Totul amount expended. ......2..--..-06 0. $15, 000, 00 9, $13, 77 Balance unexpended... .....2.22.222-- 5, 686, 23 Hupert H. Humprrey, Chairman, Subcommittee. JULY 13, 1950, Report of COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE EXecUTIvE DEPARTMENTS BUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS (S, RES, 205) To the SecRETARY OF THE SENATE: The above-meationed committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 123, Eightieth Con- gress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the period from February 16, 1950, to June 30, 1950, together with the funds available to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Rate of 3 Total Naune and profession ono | salary sulary received Paul H. Menk, Jr., staff member...| $0, 019, 50/$3, 382. 34 Mary A. Felman, clorical assistant.| 3, 806. 78] 1, 427. 03 Funds authorized or appropriated for sub- committee expenditure under 5. Res 205.. $18, 000. 00 Amount expen &, 039, 70 Balance unexpended.....-.....--.----+ 9, 960, 30 Housrar H. HUMPHREY, Chairman, Subcommittee,
10130 Jory 15, 1060. Report or Committee on Forrtow RELations To the SrcreraRy or THE SENATE: The above-mentioned committee, pursu- ant to Senate Resolution 128, Eightieth Con- gress, first session, submits the following re- port showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it and its subcommittees for the period from January 1, 1980, to June 80, 1950, together with the funds callable to and expended by it and its subcommittees: Rate of Total Name and profession weenal salary reoelved salary Francis 0. Wilcox, chief of staff. .... $10, 846, 00/$5, 422, 98 Thorsten V. Kalijarvi, staff asso- 10, 846. 00} 5, 422. 98 10, 848 0! 4,510. 15 9,361. 40) 4, 676. 68 9,019, 59| 3, 407. 39 6,110.31] 2, 556. 12 4, 688. 80| 2, 204 40 4, 241. 20) 2, 183, 38 4, 568. 89) clerk ‘Isabel M. Smith, assistant clerk. Morelia R. Hansen, _pssistant cle Jan. 1 to Apr. 15... .....----00- Apr. 15 to ae 0 Jae nen enw eww ee Funds authorized or appropriated for com- mittee exponditure during 81st Cong........ $20, 000 00 Amount expended during Bist Cong. ...-...+ 18, 183 07 Balance uncxpended June 30, 1950..... 4,816.93 Tom CONNALLY, Chairman, ——ae JuLy 15, 1950. Report oF SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON ForzIGn RELATIONS, UNDER AUTHORIZA- TION OF SENATE RESOLUTION 231 AND SENATE RESOLUTION 237 To the SECRETARY OF THE SENATE: The above-mentioned subcommittee, pur- suant to Senate Resolution 123, Hightieth Congress, first session, submits the following report showing the name, profession, and total salary of each person employed by it for the period from March 15, 1950, to June 30, 1950, together with the funds available to and expended by !t: Rate of | Total Name and profession Bros suary annual | ce 1d salary |Pecelve $4, 602.00} $030. 08 3, 806,78) 31.72 9, 683, 21 3, 806. 78 Moargeret B. Buchholz, clerk__-..-. Bernice J. Farmor, assistant clerk .. Robert L. Heald, assistant counsel. Helen Karpowler, assistant clerk... William J. Klima, assistant counsel 9, 683. 21) 2, 851.15 Edward P. Morgan, chief counsel. | 10, 846, 00} 3, 103. 53 Robert Morris assistant oounsel...} 9, 683. 21 2, 151. 81 Lyon L, Tyler, Jr., assistant COUNSEl....-annenenene aeeceneuneen 683, 21] 2, 824. 26 TT Funds authorized or appropriated for com- mittee expenditure during Slot Cong.....-. $35, 000. 00 Amount expended during Sist Cong......... 19, 492. 47 Balance unexrpended June 30, 1950._... M. E, Tyrprnas, Chairman. BILLS INTRODUCED Bills were introduced, read the first time, and, by unanimous consent, the second time, and referred, as follows: By Mr. GREEN: 8.38018. A bill for the relief of Richard FP, Harvey; to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. By Mr. HUMPHREY: 8.3919. A bill for the relief of Teresa Leo- pando Lucero and her minor son, Luis Vi- cente Lucero; and 8 3920. A bill for the relief of Rev. Thomas K. Bewall; to the Committee on the Judiciary. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE §.3921. A bill to provide for the tempo- rary appointment of referees in bankruptcy, and for other purposes; to the Committee on tho Judiciary. By Mr. LANGER: 8.8922. A bill to amend title VI of the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1988, as amended; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma: 8.3923. A bill for the relief of Anthony Koutroulis, Katena Koutroulis, his wife, and their children, Paul Koutroulis, Thomas Koutroulis, James Koutroulis, and George Koutroulis; to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS—AMEND- MENT Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill (H. R. 7786) making appropriations for the support of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, and for other purposes, which was ordered to lie on the table and to be printed. Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma (for him- self and Mr. Kerr) submitted an amend- ment intended to be proposed by them, jointly, to House bill 7786, supra, which was ordered to He on the table and to be printed. Mr. MAGNUSON (for himself, Benton, Mr. Grawam, Mr. GREEN, Mr. Humpurey, Mr. Ives, Mr. Lancer, Mr. Leuman, Mr. Pepper, Mr. Murray, Mr, Neery, Mr. THomas of Oklahoma, Mr. Tuomas of Utah, and Mr. SpaARKMAN) submitted amendments intended to be proposed by them jointly, to House bill 7786, supra, which were ordered to lie on the table and to be printed. HOUSE BILLS REFERRED The following bills were severally read twice by their titles, and referred as in- dicuted : H.R. 7040. An act to provide financial as- sistance for local educational agencies in sreas affected by Federal activities, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. H.R. 7670. An act to regulate the height, exterior design, and construction of private and semipublic buildings in the George- town area of the National Capital; H.R. 8710. An act to provide for the tm- provement of stadium facilities at the East- ern Senior High School in the District of Columbia; and H.R. 8909. An act to authorize the Dis- trict of Columbia government to establish an Office of Civil Defense, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. THE PRESENT STATUS OF COLOR TELE- VISION (8. DOC. NO. 197) Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed as a Senate document, a report, with illustrations, entitled “The Present Status of Color Television,” pre- pared by a Special Advisory Committee of the Bureau of Standards, under the direction of Dr. Edward U. Condon. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob- jection to the request of the Senator from Colorado? The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. Mr, JULY 14 A CALL TO REVITALIZE THE GOP—EDI- TORIAL FROM THE BUPFALO EVENING NEWS [Mr. HENDRICKSON ssked and obtained leave to have printed in the Recorp an edi- torial entitled “A Call To Revitalize the GOP," published in the July 10 issue of the Buffalo Evening News, which appears in the Appendix.]} MEDICAL CARE FURNISHED BY PRIVATE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE—ESSAY BY MISS THELMA SIPE [Mr. MARTIN asked and obtained leave to have printed in the REcorp an essay on the subject Why the Private Practice of Medi- cine Furnishes This Country With the Finest Medical Care, written by Miss Thelma Sipe, of Oakland, Pa., which appears in the Ap- pendiz.]} RACE RELATIONS—LETTER BY F. H. MEBANE (Mr. HOEY asked and obtained leave to have printed in the Rscorp a letter written by F. H. Mebane, of Washington, D. C., ad- dressed to the editor of the Washington Evening Star, and published in that news- paper under the heading “FEPC danger,” which appears in the Appendix.| THE CIVIL-RIGHTS PROBLEM—ARTICLE BY DAVID LAWRENCE (Mr. HOEY asked and obtained leave to have printed in the Rrcorp an article on the civil-rights problem, written by David Law- rence, and published in the Washington Evening Star of July 13, 1950, which appears in the Appendix. ] THE WAR CRISIS IN KOREA—EDITORIAL FROM THE WASHINGTON EVENING STAR Mr. HENDRICKSON. Mr. President, throughout America today there is grave concern in respect to the war crisis in Korea. In this connection, a thought- provoking editorial which appeared in the Washington Evening Star on yester- day offers a very pertinent suggestion, namely, that “the President should tell the people the truth about this busi- ness.” I commend its reading to every Member of this body, and to that end I ask unanimous consent to have it in- serted at this point in the Rxcorp. There being no objection, the edito- rial was ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: Waat'’s WHAT In Korea One week ago today General MacArthur's headquarters announced in a formal com- muniqué that the situation of the American ground forces in Korea “is not serious in any way.” An official Army spokesman said at the same time that “our forces now hold a strong defensive position.” And at his press con~ ference last Thursday the President declared he was confident the situation will work out all right. Since those cheery statements, our forces 4n Korea have met with one reverse efter another. From that “strong defensive posi- tion” of a week ago they have been driven back of the Kum River. Where the line will be a week from now is something that is not pleasant to think about. After Nstening to a full report from General Bradley, Chair- man Trpmves of the Senate Armed Services Committee told reporters on Tuesday: “I don’t think things are desperate, but they are very serious and it would be a disservice to our people not to say so.” ,
1950 In the light of this, what possible justifica. tion could there have heen for the announce- ment last weok that the situation was not serious in any way? In the Star's judgment, as it has said before, the President should tell the people the truth about this business. It has been Officially announced that Gen- eral Bradley gave the Senate committee an account of what has taken place in Korea from the beginning, what is contemplated for the immediate future, and what the plans are to meet certain possible contin- gencies. Obviously, much of this touches upon military security and cannot be made public. But it is equally obvious that the substance of the picture can be given to the people without trespassing upon security, and there certainly is no excuse for officlal announce- ments that are misleading if not actually false. The people will have to bear the brunt of whatever lies ahead and they should not be kept unnecessarily in ignorance of the facts. It is the President’s responsibility to inform them ISSUES OF THE WISCONSIN 1950 CAM- PAIGN—PEACE AND FREEDOM Mr, WILEY, Mr, President, I ask unanimous consent that a statement which I have prepared with reference to the Wisconsin political campaign may be printed in the body of the Recorp. There being no objection, the state- ment was ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: STATEMENT BY SENATOR WILEY ISSUES OF THE WISCONSIN 1950 CAMPAIGN— PEACE AND FREEDOM On Tuesday, September 19, Wisconsin will hold its primary election for United States, State, and other officers. I will indeed be grateful for the continuing support of Wis- consinites who have kindly pledged their help in my primary fight and in the Novem- ber election battle. This, after all, 1s not just the battle of any one individual—it is your battle—the battle of 3,500,000 Badgers for peace and fiee- dom. THANKS TO SIGNERS AND CIRCULATORS OF NOMINATION PAPERS Right now I should like to express my sin- cere appreciation to the tens of thousands of Wisconsinites who graciously signed my of- ficial nomination papers for another term in the United States Senate, If it were humanly possible, I would write Individual letters to each of you expressing my gratification at your wonderful response, I would like, too, to say a word of particular thanks to the many industrious Badgers who circulated these nomination sheets—men and women who took time out from office duties, from farm tasks, from housekeeping, from a thousand occupations in order to collect the necessary 20 signatures on each nomination sheet, and have the papers no- tarized and forwarded to me. Every American realizes today that eternal vigilance is the price of liberty. The Amer- ican Government, your Government, is only as strong as its people’s interest in it. By the determined action of these thousands of Wisconsinites, you have evidenced that you are interested in the maintenance of good government in our State and Nation. WE MUST SHOW THAT WE LOVE FREEDOM FOR WHICH OUR MEN ARE DYING The current war crisis in Korea gives a particular urgency to the need for main- tenance of a strong check and balance in the United States Oongress, Voters want a strong Senate and a strong House of Rep- resentatives, an independent Congress which will not serve as a rubber stamp to the Pres- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE ident, and which will not write him a blank check, American boys are dying in muddy fox holes in Korea, dying for the cause of world freedom, and it is essential, therefore, that we get the largest possible vote turn-out in September and then in November so as to evidence that we here on the home front cherish the freedom for which our heroes are sacrificing so much. The American people know that the bun. Bling policy of appeasement of Red Russia has led us to this teirible situation. The Ameri- can people are disgusted at the atrocious se. ries of failures and blunders which resulted in our men being unprepared for the battle tn the Far East. We didn’t have the planes, we didn't have the tanks, we didn’t have the artillery, we didn’t have the intelligence serv- ice, we didn’t have the ships, we didn’t have the marines. The only thing ve did have was the guts of the American fighting man who was willing to take a stand with his rifle against tanks, with his heart against the on- slaught of the merciless aggressor ‘WE MUST TRY TO PREVENT ATOMIC WAR My paramount aim vill, of course, be to try to localize the Korean crisis, to try to put out the fire where it is rather than seeing it spread. Countless Wisconsinites have writ- ten to me saying in effect: “Benator WILEY, we recall your efforts for peace We know that for many years, you have fought for a Cabinet Department of Peace in the United States Government. We know therefore that you will continue to do everything you can to help prevent a third terrible world war ” Yes, I for one will indeed do all I can to spare the lives of our sons and of Europe and Asia's sons from global war. Meanwhile, however, we must be adequate to the challenges on the home front. PEOPLE WILL FIGHT BACK AGAINST THE LABOR CZARS The November United States Senate elec- tion will determine whether the people of Wisconsin will rule or whether a handful of autocratic, power-hungry labor czars will dictate to the Badger State. These ruthiess labor czars or labor bigsters have hand- chosen their candidates, steam-rollered them through trumped-up conventions and meet- ings. These labor czars have high-pressured rank-and-file workers into making so-called voluntary contributions of $1 and $2 to de- feat their senior Senator, This isn’t the first such effort of the labor Fuehrers. They tried this in 1044. They spent hundreds of thousands of dollars of the hard-earned savings of Wisconsin labor. They printed hundreds of thousands of smeary pieces of hate Mterature. But the rank and file workers of Wisconsin knew that when they entered the ballot booth, they were free men, They did not listen to the orders of the labor czars of Wisconsin The rank ond file workers voted to maintain our free birthright. They know that I have been & laboring man all my life, that for over 84 years I have owned a dairy farm which my father owned before me; that I have worked as a mill hand, house painter, carpenter, cub reporter, insurance salesman, attorney, that my heart and soul are dedicated to the inter- ests of Mr. and Mrs, Average Man—the inter- est of the general welfare. Which will it be? The labor czars whose goons recently in Eau Claire threatened to beat up and smash the skulls of supporters of other candidates—the labor czars or the honest American people? Which will it be? Every single vote counts in this election and in the primary. I know that I can count on the people of Wisconsin to maintain their birthright. 10131 | The Republican ticket in Wisconsin is, Ir humbly believe, a ticket of which our party and any independent voter may be proud. I peisonally am grateful for the official unanimous endorsement of the Republican State Convention held in June, I hope to be worthy of the great honor which the party of our State has conferred on me in thrice supporting me for the high office of United States Senator. ELECTION BATTLE OF IDEAS WILL RAGE EVERYWHERE As my friends and supporters know, the battle has just begun insofar as the Novem- ber campaign is concerned. From here on the election battle will rage in every home, in every office, in every factory, on every farm, in every precinct, in every ward, in every city, in every county, in every district, and every region of our State. Wherever two in- dividuals contact one another and discuss political affairs, wherever Individuals pick up newspapers, wherever individuals work or play, or eat, that is where the election battle will 1age—a battle for the minds of men and women. Lies cannot win in Wisconsin, CONVEYING THE TRUTH ABOUT CANDIDATES It is up to Americans who belleve in cons stitutional government, in economical gov- ernment, in sound government, to help fight the battle by spreading the truth about their candidates, not only for the office of United States Senator, but for the office of Member of the House of Representatives, for the office of governor, lieutenant governor, sec- retary of state, State treasurer, members of the Wisconsin senate, members of the Wis- consin assembly, and so on down the line to important county and local offices. It is up to Americans who believe in good government to stand up and be counted, to put posters in their windows, stickers on their cars, pamphlets in the mail boxes of their fellow apartment house dwellers, litera- ture in the mails It is up to them to make telephone calls, write letters and postal cards, in order to fight for the free system which they hold dear This election campaign will not be won on the basis of “Let George do it.” It will not be won by the next fellow. It will be won by you, yourself, speaking to your next door neighbor, speaking to your office asso- ciates, to the stenographer, to the mailman, to the barber, the butcher, candy store man, the groceryman, to the druggist, speaking to your customers, to your friends, and to your acquaintances, These are as Thomas Paine wrote over 175 years ago, “times that try men's souls.” These are times when the “summer soldier” and the “sunshine patriot” shrink from their obligations, but the alert citizen, the vigilant citizen, will stand up and be counted on be. half of good government. THE DEAR PRINCIPLES FOR WHICH YOU AND 2 FIGHT The election battle in November jis not just for any single individual for United States Senator or Congressman Rather it is for the principles for which we stand: The principle of sound Jabor relations, The principle of economical American gov- ernment. The princtple of promotion of the system of private initiative. The principle of equitable tax burdens among our citizens, The principle of nonappeasing foreign relations. The principle of an effective farm program. The principle of fairness to the consumer, The principle of real conservation of tee sources, For these principles we, you and I, will take our stand for God and country.
10132 GENERAL APPROPRIATION, 1951 The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill (H. R. 7786) making appro- priations for the support of the Govern- ment for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, and for other purposes. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr, President, as I understand, the unfinished business is consideration of the appropriation bill, and that this morning we shall begin with chapter IV, dealing with the Treas- ury and Post Office Departments. The VICE PRESIDENT. That is cor- rect. The Secretary will state the next amendment, The next amendment was, under the heading “Chapter IV—Treasury and Post Office Departments—Title I— Treasury Department—Office of Admin- istrative Services—Salaries,” on page 107, line 5, after the word ‘thereot”, to strike out “$1,160,000” and insert “$1,207,000.” Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, are we discussing the amendment on page 107, line 5? Mr. MAYBANK. We had not started to discuss anything. I have a short statement which I wish to make first. Mr, DOUGLAS. Mr. President, other amendments went through with such rapidity yesterday that I wanted to be prepared today. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, I as- sure the Senator from Illinois that so far as I am concerned, he will-have ample opportunity to discuss each amendment. The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk has stated the first amendment in chap- ter IV of the bill. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, at this time I wish to express my sincere appreciation to all members of my sub- committee, for their attendance at meet- ings and their earnest efforts toward economy. As the report shows, the full committee approved the subcommittee’s proposal to sustain the House figure for Post Office Department appropriations, and to allow only a small increase— about 1 percent—over the House allow- ance in certain appropriations for the Treasury Department. The subcommit- tee took more than 550 pages of testi- mony covering every item in the bill, be- tween the period January 25 and March 7, 1950. The members of the subcom- mittee, of which I am chairman, are the Senator from Arizona (Mr, Haypen], the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. Kr- GorRE], the Senator from Arkansas (Mr. McCuetian], the Senator from Tennes- see (Mr. McKean], the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. ExLenper], the Senator from Virginia [Mr. Rosertson]), the Sen- ator from Oregon [Mr. Corvon], the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. Bripces|, the Senator from Massachu- setts (Mr. SALTONSTALL], and the Sen- ator from California [Mr. Enow.anp]. Also, on Post Office items, the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Jonnston], the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Lona], and the Senator from North Dakota (Mr, LANGER], This chapter provides a total sum of $2,760,305,360 in cash appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Depart- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE ment’s 1951 operating expenses. This sum ts only $6,200,360 over the House al- Jowance, is $53,073,740 under the budget estimates, and only $149,608,360 over the 1950 appropriations, and the in- crease is related only to Treasury ap- propriations, The committee approved the House recommendation for the Post Office Department, except to delete the postal deficiency language limitation which placed a ceiling on the amount payable from general funds of the Treasury. As to the $6,200,360 increase recom- mended for the Treasury items, over 85 percent of the amount is in two items, namely, $3,964,000 defray the costs for replacing six Codst Guard aircraft, which amount, added to the House al- lowance of $8,665,000, w'll provide $12,- 629,000, the budget estimate for replac- ing 29 aircraft; $1,335,000 for the Bu- reau of Engraving and Printing, of which $900,000 is to meet wage-board in- creases granted under law to unclassi- fied employees, and $435,000 to print urgently needed currency. The remaining 15 percent concerned, in the main, the following items: $306,- 360 for the Customs Service, which will provide $148,860 to retain the 1950 per- sonnel strength, and $157,500 to fill about 45 of the 93 new positions re- quested to cope with the increased work- load of 6 percent in imports over the 1949 level, and an additional 10 percent anticipated in 1951, and an increase of about 10 percent in receipts over 1950. Records show that $416,719,146 was col- lected between July 1, 1949, and June 27 in the 1950 fiscal year, as compared to $379,316,866 for the same period in the prior year; $158,000 for the Bureau of Narcotics, which will permit the em- ployment of 8 new agents in addi- ticn to the House allowance of 4, and will restore to $150,000 the estimate for purchase of much needed evidence; $159,000 for the Secret Service, which will permit the filling of about 19 of the 25 positions reduced by the House, and will provide additional funds for other obligations, all urgently needed to help reduce the huge backlog of over 19,000 pending cases. The committee approved the House figure, which allowed 1,000 more en- forcement agents, making a total of 7,000 since 1948, and $1,000,000 for the Reserve training program in the Coast ‘uard. SHIPMENTS OF BRITISH GASOLINE AND OILS TO CHINA—SUPPORT OF UNITED NATIONS IN KOREAN WAR Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, a spe- cial dispatch to the New York Times, dated July 13, states: Sale of British gasoline and olls from here to China is booming as a result of the suspen-~ sion of petroleum exports to Communist China by local United States companies, At thy behest of the State Department Socony and Caltex shut down completely on the supply of petroleum products to the China mainland carly this month. London decided that the British Shell agencies, which with Socony and Caltex com- prise the big three of the Far East oi] busi- neas, vould not be required to follow sult. JULY 14 The British Asiatic Petroleum Co. here not ouly is now filling its own normal quota of exports to Ohina but also ts moving into the gap left by the elimination of United States supplies. Communist government agencies in China are clamoring for maximum cargoes and local middlemen as well are buying up gasoline and oi! wherever they can for profit- able resale to mainland China, The dispatch proceeds: With no imports coming in to convert into cash, these representatives may have to de- pend on the home office for remittances to keep going. The Communists have refused exit permits and the right to make Chinese staff cuts in keeping with the reduced busi- ness. Mr. President, I ask, "low long are we to continue to supply funds to ECA coun- tries, the basic reason and foundation for which is to stop the expansion of com- munism, but at the same time permit those countries to furnish strategic ma- terials to Red China, which in turn, no doubt filters them to the very countries which are fighting our soldiers on the Korean front? I ask that question. I expect to make some further observa- tions upon this subject when the item providing appropriations for the ECA comes before the Senate for considera- tion. Mr. President, the expansion of com- munism cannot be stopped by appeasing communism in China while at the same time we are fighting a war against Red Communists in Korea. If we are right in what we are doing in Korea, we ought to see to it that the countries which are re- ceiving aid from us do not ship strategic materials to the enemy, at the fighting line, to be used by the enemy to kill American boys. That is what is happen. ing this very morning. Another item was published today in the Baltimore Sun which interests me. It is an Associated Press dispatch from London, as follows: Government sources reported today Britain will try to stay out of the ground fighting in Korea as long as she can. The Government’s view was said to be that Britain already is making a big contribution to western security in the Far East by holding the Malayan and Hong Kong sectors of the western line in Asia. Britain, they said, has neither offered nor been asked by the United States to send ground forces to Korea. I ask unanimous consent that the two articles from which I have read may be printed in the Recorp at this point as a part of my remarks. There being no objection, the articles were ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: [From the New York Times of July 14, 1950) BrrrisH Om Sates To Rep CHINA BoomM— Uxrrep States Ban Aips Suti_ Concern, BUT PzIPine Sti. Gits Less THan It Dip MontH AGO Hone Kone, July 13.—Salo of British gaso- line and olls from here to China is booming as @ result of the suspension of petroleum exports to Communist China by local United States companies. At the behest of the State Department Sccony and Caltex shut down completely on the supply of petroleum products to the China mainiand early this month,
1950 London decided that the British Shell agencies, which with Socony and Caltex com- prise the big three of the Far East oll busi- ness, would not be required to follow suit. The .3ritish Asiatic Petroleum Co. here not only is now filling its own normal quota of exports to China but also is moving into the gap left by the elimination of United States supplies. Communist Government agencies in China are clamoring for maximum cargos and local middlemen as well are buying up gasoline and oil wherever they can for profit- able resale to mainland China, The British company is abiding by the Anglo-United States agreement not to sell aviation fuels to the Chinese mainland. The only gasoline that is known to have gone to the mainland through here recently resulted from a deal made in a South American country. Before this month's shutdown of American sales Socony, Caltex, and Asiatic Petroleum were sending to the Chinese mainland about 12 percent of the amou: 4 of gasoline and oil sold to China in pre-Communist days. It was considered that this took care of restricted civilian needs and involved the sale of about 2,000,000 gallons of gasoline and 60,000 barrels of Diesel ofl monthly. Asiatic Petroleum at present is not in a position to take over the business dropped by the United States companies. The Chi- nese mainland, consequently, is receiving considerably less than a month ago, but the fear in American quarters here is that what- ever amounts are acquired may go either to the Chinese Communists or the North Korean military machine. One aspect of the situa- tion that is worrying Socony and Caltex is the position of their representatives in Shanghai, Three Socony and four Caltex American em- ployees are being held by the Communists as virtual hostages. Delivery of oil has been one of the means of easing Communist pres- sure and of paying the Chinese staff and other expenses, With no imports coming in to convert Into cash these representatives may have to de- pend on the home office for remittances to Keep going. The Communists have refused exit permits and the right to make Chinese staff cuts in keeping with the reduced business. [From the Baltimore Sun of July 13, 1960] FEELS TROOPS ARE NEEDED IN OrHER ARFAS— BUT GOVERNMENT WOULD REVIEW POLICY IF UNITED STATES SENT aN SOS LoNnpoN, July 12.—Government sources re- ported today Britain will try to stay out of the ground fighting in Korea as long as she can, The Government's view was said to be that Britain already is making a big contribution to western security In the Far East by hold- ing the Malayan and Hong Kong sectors of the western line in Asia, Britain, they said, has neither offered nor been asked by the United States to send ground forces to Korea. The Government's policy would, of course, be reviewed if an American SOS did come along. BUILDING UP ARMED FORCES This information came after Defense Min- ister Emmanuel Shinwell told the Commons three times this afternoon that the Korean situation had produced a state of “grave anxiety,” Shinwell told questioners Britain, because of world tension, is both building up its armed forces and rearming them as quickly as possible, He said he was not complacent about what has been achieved and added: “There is still a great deal to be done.” APPRECIATES ROLE The Government sources who are In a po- sition to know what goes on between London CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE and Washington, say the American admin- istration fully apprectates the role Britain is playing now in Asia. American leaders were said to understand this country's military resources already are overstrained by her commitments in the rich Malayan Federation (where it is fighting a Red-led resistance movement) and in strate- gic Hong Kong (where a 40,000-strong gar- rison is being maintained off the mainiand of Red China). The American decision to cordon off For- mosa has, in British eyes, indefinitely post- poned an attack on the strategic fortress island by Chinese Communists. EXPECT RED PRESSURE British military experts reportedly think that the Chinese Reds will have men enough and energy enough to exert military pres- sure against the West elsewhere. One obvious place would be Hong Kong, the informants suggested. The British, therefore, argue it would be crazy for them to pull troops out of Hong Kong and send them to Korea. The same, they claim, applies to Malaya where a much strengthened garrison has been able to make little impression on the hard core of the guerrillas after 4 years of fighting. Mr, WHERRY. The President of the United States says we are flying the United Nations flag in South Korea and that the general in charge is General MacArthur. If that be true, there ought to be United Nations support in this ac- tion. I should like to know why the United States has not called upon the United Nations to send ground troops to Korea, Certainly we need help in Korea. I think a demand ouzht to be made not only for British troops but it ought to be made immediately for any troops under the United Nations, because, as I understand, the President of the United States is operating under the resolution adopted by the Security Council of the United Nations, which he says is now in force, in an attempt to put down the difficulty in Korea. I ask the question, Mr. President: Why has not the administration asked for the support in Korea of other members of the United Nations to enforce this so- called police action? STATEMENTS BY SECRETARY OF AGRI- CULTURE AFFECTING SENATOR WILEY Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, yesterday I inserted in the Recorp a letter which I addressed to Hon. Charles Brannan, Sec- retary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. The letter appears at page 10046 of the REcorp. The date of the letter was July 11. Up to the present time I have re- ceived no answer to the matters con- tained in that letter. So today I am making a few remarks in addition to those I made yesterday on the subject discussed in my letter, Mr. President, the Secretary of Agri- culture, Charles Brannan, recently vis- ited the State of Wisconsin. Among other things, he tried to convince the farmers of that great Commonwealth that their senior Senator voted against their best interests when he voted on June 26 of this year to send the so-called commodity credit bill, H. R. 6567, back to conference. In my humble judgment, the Secretary misrepresented the facts in an effort to seek political advantage. 10133 I may say that I recently read a biog- raphy of Secretary Brannan, I gathered from it that he was a fine, outstanding Christian gentleman. But when I read what the Secretary was reported to have said in Wisconsin, which misrepresented the facts, the idea being, of course, to in- fluence the farm folks of Wisconsin, I felt that I should first write him and call his attention to the statement he had made and ask him why he made and how he could make such a misrepresentation. My own philosophy, Mr. President, is that if I cannot say something particu- larly good about a person, I do not in- duige in unwarranted and unjustified statements. In this particular instance, because our country is now engaged in battle, it seems more important than ever that persons in high places should follow that technique. On the occasion referred to, Mr. Presi- dent, as the vote will show, I voted for a measure which was sponsored by the Senator from Washington |Mr. Macnvu-~ son] and the Senator from Oregon | Mr, Morse], and was for the purpose of pro- tecting the farm interests of the United States. However, the statement to which I now refer was made to confuse the thinking of that great segment of the people in my State. Although it probably is of no great consequence so far as I personally am concerned, it does indicate that into our country has come what we have known as psychological warfare, a method which through the centuries certain ele- ments of society have used, and in re- gard to which they have said, “If we think the end in view is desirable, that will justify any action we may take.” Mr. President, in this case the end in view, of course, is to eliminate the Sena- tor from Wisconsin. Accordingly, in line with that point of view, any lies or misrepresentations which are made are, I suppose, considered justiflable, on the basis of that kind of fallacious reason- ing. However, I had a higher concept of Secretary Brannan than that, be- cause of what I had read about him. I have consulted with those who par- ticipated in that vote. As I remember, the vote on the floor of the Senate was about evenly divided on this particular measure. So the Democrats and the Republicans have rather gotten mixed up on this subject. On the other hand, everyone agrees that the Magnuson amendment, as adopted by the Senate, was in favor of the farm interests of the United States. However, when that amendment went to conference, the con- ferees voted to delete it. Thereafter, when the conference report came before the Senate, the issue was whether we should stick by our former convictions. The vote on that question again was almost evenly divided. The point I make is that, instead of explaining the situation accurately, as should be done by a man in high Govern- ment office, the Secretary of Agriculture went to Wisconsin—as indicated in the letter which I addressed to him, and which appears in the CoNncRESSIONAL Recorp on the page stated—and mis- represented the entire picture,
10134 So, Mr. President, I am saying that in my humble judgment Secretary Bran- nan misrepresented the facts in an ef- fort to gain political advantage, The vote to reject the conference report on the Commodity Credit Corporation bill and to request a further conference was not a vote against the farmers of the country; it was a vote in favor of the farmers, as I shall demonstrate, and was equally important for the taxpayers. For more than 3 years the senior Sen- ator from Washington (Mr. Macnuson], a distinguished Member of this body and a distinguished member of the Demo- cratic Party and many others among us have sought to secure the enactment of legislation which will protect the price- support program and similar farm pro- grams from excessive and ruinous im- ports. The only issue at stake in the vote to reject the conference report and to request a further conference was whether the farmers who cooperate with their Government through marketing agreements, acreage allotments, and price supports, are to have the continu- ance of those programs threatened by imports, The only question at issue was whether it was sound policy to support prices, on the one hand, but to deny the President an effective tool with which to deal with agricultural imports, on the other hand. Secretary Brannan must have known that. If he did not, he was ignorant; and as Secretary of Agricul- ture he should not be so ignorant. If he knew that to be so, then he knew he was misrepresenting the fact when he made the statement he did make. My basis for that statement is to be found in the remarks made by my Democratic col- leagues. To illustrate that point, I wish to quote from a speech made in the Senate by the distinguished Senator from Wash- ington (Mr. Macnoson], the chief spon- sor of the amendment in controversy, and a Democrat. I shall quote from the statement he made on the subject of rejecting the conference report and re- questing a further conference. I quote now from page 9161 of the ConcrEs- SIONAL RECORD for June 26, 1950; this is what the Senator from Washington [Mr. Macwuson) said then: Mr. President, before presenting further arguments for rejecting the report I want to clarify two important points which are involved. The so-called commodity credit bill, House bill 6567, as passed by the House, was a very simple and short bill. It merely in- creased the borrowing authority of the Com- modity Credit Corporation by 82,000,000,000. Sections 1 and 2 of the Senate bill conform exactly to the House version, both in language and in purpose. The question of increasing, by $2,000,000,- 000, the borrowing power of the Commrodity Credit Corporation, therefore, was not in controversy when the bill went to confer. ence, Both House and Senate were in com- plete agreement that the CCC's borrowing authority should be increased. In consequence, any Senator who votes with me to reject this conference report can- not be accused, by that action, of being against the farmers of this country. Irre- spective of whether we send this bill back to conference, a €2,000,000,000 increase in the CCC's borrowing authority is assured. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE The only question before the conferees had to do with section 8 of the Senate version of House bill 6567, Seotion 3 is the so-called Magnuson-Morse amendment. In reality, section 8 is in the nature of a substitute for section 22 of the Agriculture Adjustment Act as it now stands, If we reject the conference report today, section 8, the Magnuson-Morse amendment, again will be the only issue be- fore the conferees. Mr. MUNDT. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr. WILEY. I yield for a question. Mr. MUNDT. Is the Senator from Wisconsin aware that he is not the only Senator on the Republican side of the aisle who is being accused of having voted against the Commodity Credit Cor- poration—and in being accused of that is being accused maliciously and inac- curately—as a result of having supported the amendment submitted by the Sena- tor from Washington, a good member of the Democratic Party, in order to stop imports of certain agricultural products? Iam sure the Senator recalls, as I do, that on page 8171 of the ConarEssIONAL Recorp the Senator from Wisconsin is listed, in the yea-and-nay vote, as hav- ing voted in favor of the authorization of $2,000,000,000 for the Commodity Credit Corporation. That was clear then. However, apparently there has been a Nation-wide program on the part of the Democratic high command to smear unjustifiably and maliciously those who tried to protect against such imports. Is the Senator from Wisconsin aware of that? Mr. WILEY. Yes, Iam. However, I did not know that in other States Sec- retary Brannan had made attacks simi- lar to the one which occurred in my State. There he named me, and he falsi- fied the record. I am very sorry to see a man in high pesition act in such a way. As Secre- tary of Agriculture, he should have known the true facts. If he did know them, he should not lie about them; he should not go before the country and speak in the way he did. Mr. MUNDT. Mr. President, will the Senator yield further? Mr. WILEY. I yield. Mr. MUNDT. In Secretary Brannan’s entirely unwarranted political attack upon the Senator from Wisconsin, did the Cabinet officer attack with equal ve- hemence the author of the amendment, the Senator from Washington [Mr. Macnuson], a member of his own party? Mr, WILEY. Of course not; he never even mentioned him, nor did he bring out in any way whatever in his state- ment the relationship of the Senator from Washington to the amendment. The whole idea was, as I have already stated, to misrepresent, as anyone who reads the Recorn can see. However, of course the difficulty we face in connection with the propaganda war which some persons have learned so well from Hitler is that the truth never catches up with a lie, In my State of Wisconsin the whole purpose js to cap- ture the farmers’ vote, as occurred in 1948, by misrepresenting the facts in connection with the bill to which I have JULY 14 referred. The farmers were scared then, and they sre scared now. The Demo- cratic Party has handed us the oleo package, with the result that today in Wisconsin milk is selling for less than $3 a hundred, which is o little more than 5 cents a quart. The farmers cannot produce milk on that basis, and so they are in a mood to reach out for anyone who, I suppose, they think has succor for them. However, we never expect that men in high places will stoop to such tactics as this, even in a pre-primary campaign. Certainly I did not expect that of the Secretary of Agriculture. Mr, YOUNG. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Wisconsin yield to the Sen- ator from North Dakota? Mr, WILEY. I yield for a question. Mr. YOUNG. Is the Senator aware that this is a Nation-wide smear cam- paign? The same type of propaganda is today being directed against me in North Dakota, and I am one of the au- thors of the Commodity Credit Corpo- ration bill itself, and as one who voted for increasing the borrowing power of that Corporation. Furthermore, is the Senator from Wis- consin, who has always becn very close to the farmers and fought their battles all the way, aware of the fact that the Magnuson amendment, so far as one of the major commodities of Wisconsin is concerned—and I speak of rye—was more important than money itself, in affording support to that program. We have imported more than half as much rye from Canada as we ourselves pro- duced. Canadian rye has been supply- ing almost all our domestic needs. Is the Senator aware that the Magnuson amendment in itself would have pro- hibited the importation of this Cana- dian rye, and that there would have been no need whatever of a price-support pro- gram, so far as that commodity is con- cerned, if we had stopped imports, or perhaps stopped only half the imports? Mr. WILEY. I know that the purpose of the Magnuson amendment was to benefit the Nation at large. It would have given to the President the power, which he could have used efficiently and effectively, to stop imports which are demoralizing the farm market. I know that to be the case. I also have knowl- edge, now, as I have been assured by the Senator from North Dakota, that this misrepresentation has gone much fur- ther than my own State. I did not know that it had been directed specifically against any other Senator because I did not know that Secretary Brannan was in the other States hammering away with false statements. Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, will the Senator yleld further? The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Wisconsin yield further to the Senator from North Dakota? tt Mr, WILEY. Iyield for another ques- on. Mr. YOUNG. Is the Senator aware of the fact that the Magnuson amendment would also have applied to potatoes, of
1950 which, during the past year, when we had a 50,000,000-bushel surplus, we im- ported more than 12,000,000 bushels of Canadian potatoes? Is it not true that the importation of the 12,000,000 bushels of potatoes had a more depressing effect on our market than possibly our own surplus, and that the Magnuson amend- ment would be an effective means of stopping Canadian imports? Mr. WILEY. I am satisfied that, had the Magnuson-Morse amendment be- come the law of the land, and had this tool or mechanism been made available to the President, and he had used it effectively, it would have been beneficial to the general welfare, and particularly to the welfare of the farm segment of the population. Mr. President, I had finished quoting the language of the Senator from Wash- ington {Mr. Macnuson], found on page 9161 of the Recorp, when I yielded for questions by my distinguished associates. I now resume the reading of the state- ment which I have prepared. I have just quoted what the sponsor of the Magnuson-Morse amendment said on the floor of the Senate when he urged rejection of the conference report on the commodity credit bill, Inow quote a few more statements to illustrate further the real problem that was before us—the real significance of the vote alluded to by the Secretary of Agriculture when he visited Wisconsin recently. The senor Senator from Washington at another point in his remarks said: Some reasonable machinery for preventing destruction of domestic farm programs must be assured, otherwise the taxpayers of this country will resist and ultimately eliminate both the farm program and the reciprocal trade program It was to insure against that very real danger that the senior Senator from Wis- consin supported the Magnuson-Morse amendment originally, and voted to send the commodity credit bill back to confer- ence when he became convinced that the conferees had compromised the Magnu- son-Morse amendment out of the bill en- tirely. They had emasculated it, indeed, they had eliminated that vital instru- ment, which should have remained in the bill as it was passed by the Senate. But the Senate conferees reneged on it. Most of the great farm organizations of the United States supported the posi- tion of the Senator from Washington LMr. Maanvuson] and the Senator from Oregon |Mr. Morse] I emphasize that point, and I hope that my people back home will realize that a lie was told, and that the truth may now serve as an anti- dote. I repeat that most of the great farm organizations supported the position of Senators Macnuson and Morsg, along with that of the rest of us who voted to return the bill to conference. At this point I ask that there be printed in the Recor as a part of my remarks the vote, as it appears in the Recorp of that date, showing the names of Senators who voted for and those who voted against the Mag- nuson amendment, as shown, in reverse, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE by the vote on agreeing to the conference report. There being no objection, the state- ment of the vote in question was ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: The Vice PResipeNT. A quorum is present. The question is on agreeing to the confer- ence report. Mr Morse. Mr. President, a parliamentary inquiry The Vick Presipent, The Senator will state it Mr. Morse A vote of “yea” would be a vote in favor of the conference report, and a vote of “nay” would be a vote against the con- ference report? The Vic Presipgnt That {fs correct Mr. Wuerry and other Senators requested the yeas and nays. “ The yeas and nays were ordered, and the legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll Mr. Byrpv (when his name was called) On this vote I have a pair with the senior Sen- ator from Illinois (Mr. Lucas], who is ab- sent by leave of the Senate because of a death in his family. Were the Senator from Illinois present, he would vote “yea" Were I permitted to vote, I would vote “nay.” I withhold my vote. Mr, O'ManHonry (when Mr Hunrt’s name was called) My colleague the junior Sen- ator from Wyoming [Mr. Hunt] is absent on Official business If present and voting, he would vote “yea” The roll call was concluded Mr. McFaruanp I announce that the Sen- ator from New Mexico [Mr. CHAVEZ] is neces- sarily absent The Senator from California [Mr Downey] is absent because of illness The Senator from Mississippi {Mr Easr- LAND] and the Senators from North Carolina {Mr GraHAM and Mr. Hoey] are absent on public business. The Senator from Georgia [Mr. Grorae], the Senator from South Carolina [Mr, JouNn- ston|, the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Lone], the Senator from Idaho [Mr. Tay- tor], and the Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. THomas] are absent by leave of the Senate. The Senator from West Virginia [Mr. Kii- GORE] is unavoidably detained on official business. The Senator from Maryland |Mr O’Conor] ig absent by leave of the Senate on official business, attending the sessions of the In- ternational Labor Organization at Geneva, Switzerland, as a delegate representing the United States The Senator from Pennsylvania {Mr. Myers} is absent because of illness in his family. The Senator from Georgia [Mr. Groraz] is paired on this vote with the Senator from Maine [Mr. Brewster]. If present and voting, the Senator from Georgia would vote “yea” and the Senator from Maine would vote “nay.” The Senator from North Carolina [Mr. Hory| is paired cn this vote with the Sen- ator from New Mexico {Mr. Cravez]. If present and voting, the Senator from North Carolina would vote “yea’’ and the Senator from New Mexico would vote “nay.” The Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. Myers] is paired on this vote with the Sen- ator from Iowa [Mr. HICKENLOOPER]. If present and voting, the Senator from Penn- sylvania would vote “yea” and the Senator from Iowa would vote “nay.” The Senator from Oklahoma {Mr. THomas]} is paired on this vote with the Senator from Idaho [Mr. Taytor]. If present and voting, the Senator from Oklahoma would vote “yea” and the Senator from Idaho would vote “nay.” 10135 I announce further that if present and voting the Senator from Mississippi {Mr. Eastianp|, the Senator from South Carolina (Mr, Jounston], the Senator from West Vir- ginia {Mr, Krrcore], and the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Lone] would vote “yea.” Mr. SALTONSTALL. I announce that the senior Senator from Vermont |Mr. AIKEN], the juntor Senator from Vermont [Mr. FLANDERS], the Senator from Iowa [Mr Hick- ENLOOPER|, the Senator from North Dakota [Mr. Lancrr], the Senator from Michigan [Mr. VANDENBERG] are absent by leave of the Senate. The Senator from Indiana [Mr. CaPEHART] is necessarily absent. The Senator from Idaho [Mr. DworsHak]} is absent on official business. The Senator from Minnesota [Mr. THYE}, who is absent by the leave of the Senate, is paired with the Senator from North Dakota {Mr. Youne], who is also absent by leave of the Senate. If present and voting, the Sen- ator from Minnesota would vote “yea,” and the Senator from North Dakota would vote “nay” The Senator from Maine [Mr Brewster], who is necessarily absent, is paired with the Senator from Georgia [Mr. Grorcr]. If pres- ent and voting, the Senator from Maine would vote “nay,” and the Senator from Georgia would vote “yea.” The Senator from Iowa |[Mr. BHIcKEN- LOOPER] is paired with the Senator from Penn-~ sylvania [Mr. Myers]. If present and voting, the Senator from Iowa would vote “nay,” and the Senato: from Pennsylvania would vote “yea.” The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 35, nays 85, as follows: Yeas—-35' Anderson, Benton, Chapman, Connally, Douglas, Ellender, Fulbright, Gil- lette, Green, Hayden, Hill, Holland, Hum- phrey, Johnson of Colorado, Johnson of Texas, Kefauver, Kerr, Leahy, Lehman, Mc- Carran, McClellan, McKellar, McMahon, Maye bank, Murray, Neely, O’Mahoney, Pepper, Robertson, Russell, Sparkman, Stennis, Thomas of Utah, Tydings, Withers. Nays—35. Bricker, Bridges, Butler, Cain, Cordon, Darby, Donnell, Ecton, Ferguson, Frear, Gurney, Hendrickson, Ives, Jenner, Kem, Knowland, Lodge, McCarthy, McFare land, Magnuson, Malone, Martin, Millikin, Morse, Mundt, Saltonstall, Schoeppel, Smith of Maine, Smith of New Jersey, Taft, Tobey, Watkins, Wherry, Wiley, Wiliams, Not voting—26: Aiken, Brewster, Byrd, Capehart, Chavez, Downey, Dworshak, East- land, Flanders, George, Graham, Hicken- looper, Hoey, Hunt, Johnston of South Caroe lina, Kilgore, Langer, Long, Lucas, Myers, O'Conor, Taylor, Thomas of Oklahoma, Thye, Vandenberg, Young. The Vicz Presment. On this question the yeas are 35, the nays are 35 Under the Con- stitution the President of the Senate, having the right to vote in case of a tie, casts his vote in the affirmative. The conference report is agreed to. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Wisconsin yield to the Senator from linois? Mr, WILEY. I yield. Mr. LUCAS. Will the able Senator name the farm organizations to which he has referred? Mr. WILEY. Yes; I am coming to that. On page 9168 of the June 28 Recorp, the text of two telegrams quoted by the
10136 senior Senator from Washington appear. Let me read them: National Council of Farmer Cooperatives atrongly urges your support of original text Magnuson amendment CCC bill when it reaches Senate floor. We believe language suggested by conferees is not adequate to give United States farmers protection they urgently need against injurious imports, JouNn J. RIGGLE, Assistant Secretary, National Coun- ctl of Farmer Cooperatives, I continue quoting: The National Grange appreciates and hopes you will continue to insist on the Magnuson amendment in the CCC bill, We feel it is vital to any program of price supports. Aubert &, Goss, Master, the National Grange. Here the National Grange and the Na- tional Council of Farm Cooperatives are supporting to the hilt our insistence that the commodity credit bill go back to conference. Certainly no one will ac- cuse Albert S. Goss and John J. Riggle of being against the farmers of the coun- try. The people and the farmers of Wis- consin are directly interested in milk production. We are the greatest milk- producing State in the Nation, What did the National Milk Producers Fed- eration think about our insistence that the commodity credit bill go back to conference? In floor debate the senior Senator from Louisiana, a Democrat, quoted from a letter addressed to him by that organization on June 26. The text of the letter will be found on page 9170 of the ConcressionAL Recorp. Let me quote: At the thirty-third annual meeting tn No- vember 1949, the federation adopted ao reso- lution with respect to import controls, which reads as follows: We had in mind the impact of all these imports upon the farmers of America. That is the issue. I continue the quo- tation: We recommend as permanent legislation the repeal of subsection (f) of section 22 of the AAA. In the enactment of legislation to provide that no international agreement shall hereafter be entered into by the United States or renewed, or permitted to extend beyond its earliest permissible termination date which would be tn contravention of said section 22. Parenthetically, Mr. President, I wish to point out that the language which I have just read is almost word for word the language of the Magnuson-Morse amendment, That amendment was in practically the same language. I con- tinue to quote: Our people believe the original language of the Magnuson-Morse amendment ac- complishes the original objective of speed- ing procedure and yet safeguarding it in the hands of the Agriculture Department, which is informed and prepared to act as rapidly as inquiries into the problem may indicate, On the other hand, we believe the confer- ence report version is not clear enough for us to predict the interpretation which may later be put on paragraph (f). Mr. President, here is a great farm or- ganization, the National Milk Producers’ Federation, saying precisely what the Senator from Washington [Mr. Macnu- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE gon] and the Senator from Oregon [Mr, Morse] and those who supported them contended. It was for this reason that I voted to send the bill back to conference. In closing, Mr. President, I invite the attention of the Secretary of Agriculture, and of anyone else interested, to the hearings on the bill increasing the bor- rowing authority of the Commodity Cred- it Corporation before the Senate Com- mittee on Agriculture. Anyone who will read the statements of farm organiza- tions’ representatives contained at pages 379 to 389 will become convinced that a vote to send the Commodity Credit bill back to conference was not a vote against, but a vote for, the farmers of the Nation. . Here are some organizations which en- dorsed the Magnuson-Morse amend- ment: National Grange, National Council of Farm Cooperatives, National Milk Pro- ducers Federation, National Renderers Association, Western State Meat Packers Association, California Fruit Growers Exchange, Northwest Nut Growers, American Hop Growers Association, Na- tional Apple Institute, Northwest Horti- cultural Council and the Florida Fruit and Vegetable Association. In addition, the Farm Bureau Federation endorsed that part of the amendment dealing di- rectly with control of agriculture imports which threatened a price-support pro- gram. In view of all this, it seems incredi- ble—and I weigh my words—that even in a political campaign, which apparent- ly is on for the farm vote not only in Wisconsin, but throughout the Nation, anyone, in an attempt to confuse the voters and get them to go the wrong way again, could make such an irrespon- sible statement as that the vote of the senior Senator from Wisconsin to send the commodity-credit bill back to con- ference for clarification of the Magnu- son-Morse amendment was a_ vote against the farmers of the country. If they want to argue that issue, I have no objection; but when men in high places, holding positions in the Cabinet of the President of the United States, go into a State and misrepre- sent and misstate the facts, as was done in this instance, it is going pretty far. Again I say parenthetically, that in the 12 years I have been a Member of this body I have never risen to criticize. I do not believe in it. But this was a di- rect attack upon my action. It was un- provoked, and it misrepresented my ac- tion to the group of people to whom for 12 years I have sought to give the best that is within me. Mr. President, the milk industry of Wisconsin represents 50 percent of the economic lifeblood of Wisconsin. Those engaged in that industry are small farm- ers, and they are going through their second Gethsemane at this time. As I _ stated before, anyone who ts in poor eco- nomic health is generally looking for a rope to catch hold of. If Mr. Brannan had argued his plan and had told them about his contemplated plan, it would have been a different matter. JULY 14 As everyone knows, & bill can be in- troduced into the Senate looking like a canary bird; it can be amended in com- mittee until it looks like a chicken hawk; and, finally, it may look like a jackass after it has been in conference and returns to the Senate floor. We have no Brannan plan before this body or before the House. There are six or seven plans contemplated. Many efforts have been made to get people to think that economic laws can be changed by legislation. So, Mr. President, in view of all the facts, it seems incredible that anyone, especially a member of the Cabinet, could reach the conclusion that the vote of the senior Senator from Wisconsin and the votes of the other Senators in- dicated in the Recorp, who represent farming sections of the Nation, to send the bill back to conference for clarifi- cation of the Magnuson-Morse amend- ment, was a vote against the farmers. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr. WILEY. I yield. Mr. LUCAS. Assuming that the mo- tion to send the bill back to conference had been agreed to, and the committee would not again report the bill, what would the Senator say as to whether the farmers of Wisconsin would have been injured in any way by the failure of the Congress to provide additional borrowing power to the Commodity Credit Corporation? Mr. WILEY. There are too many “ifs” in that question, as was said by the late President Roosevelt. The Senator from Illinois knows that the Congress could not have adjourned under any circum- stances until that bill was passed. We were voting on one issue, as was said by the Senator from Washington [Mr. Macnvuson] on the floor and reechoed by the Senator from Oregon [Mr. Morse] and other Senators. We were fighting for one issue, and that was to stop the disintegrating influence of im- ports upon the markets of this country. The majority leader knows that was the issue. I do not want him to go off the deep end now by attempting to apolo- gize indirectly for the direct misrepre- sentation of the facts. Mr. LUCAS. I am not going off the deep end, but the Senator from Wiscon- sin is already off the deep end as a result of what he has said. What we were at- tempting to do in that bill was to give the Commodity Credit Corporation ad- ditional borrowing power. That was the big issue, not the issue with respect to the amendment offered by the Sena- tor from Washington and the Senator from Oregon, That was incidental to the proposal which came from the Sec- retary of Agriculture. In truth and in fact, the amendment offered by the Sen- ator from Washington was a separate and distinct matter and should have been so considered, but he sought to tack it to the bill to increase the borrowing power of the Commodity Credit Corpo. ration, thereby, in my opinion, attempt. ing to injure the Commodity Credit Corporation,
1950 I say that those Senators who voted to send the bill back to conference were doing something extremely unfair and injurious to the American farmers If the Senator wants to fight out the Mag- nuson amendment on its merits, that is one thing; but do not tack it onto a measure involving additional borrowing power for the Commodity Credit Corpo- ration, and involving the hfeblood of the farmers. That is exactly what the Senator was doing when he voted to send the bill back to conference, Mr. WILEY. I now understand where the Secretary of Agriculture got his mis- representations, I should not say it, but Tam ashamed that the Senator from Tli- nois, who represents a great agricultu- ral State, should make such a statement as the one he has made. He knows very well that under no circumstances could Congress have adjourned until the Com- modity Credit Corporation bill was ready for action Mr. LUCAS. Mr President—— Mr. WILEY. Mr President, I have the floor. Mr. LUCAS. I shall have it very soon. Mr. WILEY. I do not hke these auto- cratic methods, even on the part of the majority leader. That is what we find has been going on—the Hitlerian tech- nique or the Stalin technique of misrep- resenting the facts. The Senator is coming to the rescue of Mr. Brannan whose plan at first the President would not approve, and then went into a num- ber of States and approved it. Yet the Senator from Illinois is now trying to justify Mr Brannan’'s nefarious conduct toward fellow Senators, I would not do that if I were he. Mr. LUCAS. Will my distinguished fiicnd yield? Mr. WILEY. Yes Mr LUCAS Ido not know what the Senator 1s talking about. Mr, WILEY. It is not the first time that the Senator has refused to register. Mr. LUCAS. I do not know what the Senator is talking about when he says that I am defending someone. The only thing I am trying to point out, Mr. President, in connection with the argu- ment which the Senator has made, 1s that there was before the Senate a bill the purpose of which was to increase the borrowing power of the Commodity Credit Corporation. Surely the Senator will not say that the Magnuson amend- ment was the chief issue mvolved. The issue was whether we would increase the borrowing power of the Commodity Credit Corporation for the benefit of the farmers of America, including the farm- ers of Wisconsin. Certainly the farmers of Wisconsin are directly concerned with certain mandatory support-price pre- grams, which the Congress provided for the benefit of the farmers last year when it passed the Anderson bill. The Brannan plan has nothing to do with what I am talking about now. I am not misrepresenting anything. The Senator can charge me with making misrepresentations if he wishes to do so. However, the fact of the matter is that he is becoming a little bit excited Prob- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE ably Secretary Brannan went into his State and made a speech. The Senator is a candidate for reclection, and I do not blame him for making an address for home consumption. That is agree- able to me. However, the point I am making is that one must either believe that the Magnuson amendment was the chief issue involved, or that the question of increasing the borrowing power of the Commodity Credit Corporation was the principal issue. Senators who voted to send the bill back to conference were striking a blow at the Commodity Credit Corporation. So far as I am concerned, there cannot be any argument about it. I am not trying to misrepresent any- thing. I am not trying to take advan- tage of my good friend from Wisconsin. I would not do that. However, I think we should keep the record straight Mr. WILEY. I have followed what I call the sophistry of my good and dis- tinguished friend from Illinois. In dong so I have in mind the approach to this very serious matter which the Senator from Illinois has made. The Senator from Iinois knows as well as I do that his distinguished colleague |Mr. Dove- tas} and half of his group in the Senate voted in favor of the Magnuson amend- ment. They were convinced that the Magnuson amendment involved a very vital factor in the protection of the eco- nomic health of the farm segment of the country. The conferees eliminated the amendment. As I have already stated, there was no dispute about the $2,000,- 000,000 for the Commodity Credit Cor- poration. That was not in issue. We are ready to prove it. The question was whether the report should go back to conference, to see if the Senate con- ferees would not fight for what we had determined was in the interest of the farmers and in the interest of the coun- try asa whole. That was the issue. I said that it ill behooves the Senator from Illinois to rise on the floor of the Senate and slauder the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. He knows that throughout the whole debate there was no que;tion about the $2,000,- 000,000. It was a question of whether the amendment should be reinstated, Therefore I am sorry that the distin- guished Senator from Illinois indulges in that kind of political tactic. It is a tactic, Mr. President, which is being in- dulged in entirely too often. Would to God that we could play the political game on as high a level as the British. They do not do things like that. They do not go forth and smear anyone. In that respect we have a statute in Wis- consin which has teeth in it. We shall see to it that the issues are argued in Wisconsin, and we will not permit any of this nefarious Brannan conduct to be repeated, Mr. LUCAS, Mr. President, I do not care to take up much time on this mat- ter. However, the Senator from Wiscon- sin seems to think I have slandered someone. He has made some very un- usual remarks in the course of the de- bate. That is perfectly all right so far as the Senator from Illinois is concerned. 10137 I understand what the Senator is try- ing to do when he talks about the soph- istry of the Senator from Illinois. He should know what sophistry is, judging by some of the speeches he has made or the floor of the Senate since I have been a Member. So far as I am con- cerned, it is not a question of politics at all. I entered the argument only in the hope of trying to keep the record straight. It is not a question of smearing any- one I would not do that to the Senator from Wisconsin. I repeat what I said a moment ago. Every Senator who voted to recommit the bill to the conference committee was certainly much more in- terested in the Magnuson amendment than he was in the continuation of the Commodity Credit Corporation with re- spect to its additional borrowing power. In other words, there was no Magnuson amendment in the bill when it was first introduced by the chairman of the Com- mittee on Agriculture and Forestry. That amendment was introduced later. The sole question was whether or not the corn farmers, wheat farmers, peanut farmers, and dairy farmers, and all other farmers throughout the United States were to have the benefit of the Commodity Credit Corporation's additional borrowing power. The bill called for a $2,000,000,- 000 increase in its borrowing authority, and that was the sole issue. That was the only issue that we should have been voting on. Whenever a bill affecting the Com- modity Credit Corporation comes before the Senate someone attempts to tack onto it an amendment with a view of emasculating or impairing the operations of the Commodity Credit Corporation. I know that some persons are not in favor of the present farm law. Onc of the ways to injure that law is to cripple the Com- modity Credit Corporation. I say the Magnuson amendment had no business and no place in the Commodity Credit Corporation bill. The purpose of the amendment is important, of course. I do not deny the importance of what the Magnuson amendment seeks to do. However, that issue should be fought out on its merits, It should not be used as an attempt to scuttle the Commodity Credit Corporation or to impaur its effec- tiveness. That would have been the ef- fect of attaching such an amendment to the Commodity Credit Corporation bill. No one can tell me, Mr. President, that Senators who voted to send the bill back to conference were not more interested in the Magnuson amendment than they were in attempting to see that the Com- modity Credit Corporation received ad- ditional borrowing power to carry on the whole farm program. That is my posi- tion, Other Senators may take a dif- ferent position if they wish; but no one will fool the American farmer as a result of such 2 situation. It is true that I represent many farm- ers in my State of Illinois. Ido not know how they feel about the Magnuson amendment. I do not know that they have communicated with me on that point. Eiowever, 1t would not make any
10138 difference whether a farm organization was in favor of or against the Magnuson amendment because in my view the amendment had no place in the Com- modity Credit Corporation bill. That is the situation in a nutshell, Mr. President, I do not know what hap- pened in Wisconsin, and I care less, with respect to what Secretary Brannan said there. I am not defending Secretary Brannan. I am not defending his plan. It has nothing to do with what the Sen- ator from Illinois is talking about. Iam talking about the fundamental and basic principle involved in our farm program, and I shall always defend that principle. Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, will the Senator yield for a question? Mr, LUCAS. I shall be glad to yield for a question. I hope the Senator will not slander me, though. Mr. WILEY. I could say, as someone has said, that that would be impossible. However, I will not say that. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, I wish the Senator would proceed with his ques- tion; then I shall answer him. Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I merely wish to say that when the majority leader takes the position which he has taken, after the Senate of the United States adopted the amendment—and, mind you, after the voice of the Senate had spoken—it seems to me he is tak- ing an autocratic position when he says that the amendment has no place in the bill. We have too many symptoms of that kind in Government, Mr. Presi- dent. This is a government of the peo- ple. After all, a majority rules in the Senate. The Senate had spoken on the subject. That is the only retort I wish to make to the Senator's sophisticated manner of replying in this case. Mr. SCHOEPPEL. Mr. President, will the Senator from Tlinois yield? Mr. LUCAS. I yield to the Senator from Kansas. Mr. SCHOEPPEL. I note that the distinguished majority leader made some reference to those who voted for or sup- ported the Magnuson amendment hav- ing had other or different views from those of the Senator from [Illinois. Coming from a great agricultural State, which I am trying to represer.t in the United States Senate, I should like to observe that the distinguished Senator from Illinois can put any inference he desires on my position, but I wish to say for the Recorp, and I will say it publicly or otherwise that so far as my support of the Magnuson amendment is concerned, which is pretty well understood in my State, there was no intention of injuring in any way the Commodity Credit Corpo- ration or of interfering with the proposal to increase its borrowing power. But the farmers throughout the length and breadth of the State of Kansas believed that the farming interests should be pro- tected, and that the Magnuson amend- ment was a fundamentally sound amendment. I do not intend to sit silent in the United States Senate and have words put into my mouth, or implications made as to my attitude. I thought that in CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE fairness I should say something about this question. Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, I thank the Senator for the statement he has made. I did not attempt to put any words in his mouth or to draw any inferences. Let me follow this matter a little fur- ther. Everyone who understands the position of the President of the United States must be aware that he would have vetoed the Commodity Credit Corpora- tion bill if the Magnuson amendment had been attached to it. Every day we delayed action on the bill we delayed the Commodity Credit Corporation from fix- ing support prices upon all the commodi- ties which are produced in this country. Mr. WILEY. That is a new argument. Mr. LUCAS. It is a new argument, but it is a good argument, and I know what I am talking about, because I wus interested in a particular product, name- ly, honey, and the officials of the De- partment would not put any support price on honey until the bill was passed. Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr. LUCAS. No; not for the moment, I am sure that if we had passed the bill with the Magnuson amendment attached to it the bill would have been vetoed, and I suppose, under the argument made by the Senator from Wisconsin and the Senator from Kansas, notwithstanding that fact, if it had come back to the Senate, they would have voted to over- ride the veto, notwithstanding the basic legislation dealing with the Commodity Credit Corporation. In other words, we could have uscd dilatory arguments caus- ing delay and delay until no additional borrowing power at all would have been provided for the Commodity Credit Cor- poration. Mr. President, that is the position I take, and I shall continue to maintain it. I say that the action on the part of Senators who sought to attach to the Commodity Credit Corporation bill an amendment which really had no business being there was unjust to the fundamen- tal and basic principle Involved in the Commodity Credit Corporation measure, and certainly an injustice to the Ameri- can farmer, FULTON LEWIS, JR—ARTICLES BY CHARLES VAN DEVANDER AND EDITO- RIAL FROM THE NEW YORK POST Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, on June 21 and June 22 I inserted in the Appendix of the Recorp two articles by Mr. Charles Van Devander and an edi- torial from the New York Post referring to certain official documents of the Nazi government which were said to have been found in Berlin by the United States Army and said now to be in the posses- sion of this Government. The articles attracted my attention, Mr. President, because of their serious allegations with regard to the activities of Mr. Fulton Lewis, Jr., & national radio commentator on the Mutual network. The documents are alleged to show that Mr, Lewis had close relations with the Nazi government and its representatives JULY 14 here in America in 1940, a very critical moment in world history, In view of the importance and serious- ness of the charges, I wrote on June 22 to the Secretary of Defense, Louis John- son, and to the Secretary of State, Dean Acheson, asking whether the story in the New York Post was accurate and whether the documents did actually exist and were in the possession of our Govern- ment. It was my strong feeling that if the story was inaccurate the newspaper should be severely reprimanded and Mr. Lewis’ reputation cleared. On the other hand, I felt that if the documents did exist and were in our Government's pos- session they should not be kept secret from the American people. My letters to the Secretaries, the texts of which were the same, I ask to have incorporated at this point in the Recorp. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. HILn in the chair). Is there objection? There being no objection, the text of the letters was ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: Dear Mr Secrerany' The New York Post has quoted extensively in the past 2 days from what are asserted to be German Gov- ernment documents relating to the pre-Pearl Harbor activities of Fulton Lewis, Jr, the radio commentator. These documents, if they are genuine, ind!- cate that Mr. Lewis secretly approached @ member of the German Embassy staff in the summer of 1940. He is said to have sugpested to this Nazi agent that Hitler seek the ald of President Roosevelt in an effort to per- suade Mr. Churchill to end his senseless and pig-headed resistance to a complete Nazt victory in Europe. This, you will recall, was at a time when Hitler and Stalin were in alliance and when Great Britain was facing the Nazis alone. In the published reports the documents In question are described as messeges which wore sent in code to Berlin from Habana and Washington. It is stated that they were found by the United States Army in official files in Germany after the war, and are now in the possession of this Government. If such documents actually exist and are in the possession of the United States Govern- ment, I am amazed that they are being kept secret from the American people. I consider it the clear duty of the agency which has control over them to make them public 80 that this very serious charge against a widely heard radio commentator can be discussed in the open. According to the New York Post, Mr. Lewis has denied to 4 representative of that newspaper that any such incident occurred. The charge that a prominent radio com- mentator secretly collaborated with Nazi agents and offered free advice to Hitler is @ shocking one. It is equally shocking to me that this Government, if it has informa. tion of this sort, should withhoid it from the American people. I cannot conceive of any reason why the full truth about this matter should not be promptly revealed. I therefore am inquiring of you whether to your knowledge such docu- ments were found in the German files and whether they are now in your possession. If they are, I request that you make the copies available to me. Sincerely yours, Huseer H. Hompurcy. Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, on June 28 and on July 71 received replies from Secretary Johnson informing me that after a search within the Depart-
1950 ment of Defense, the documents had not been found in his Departments files and that a further search would be made in Germany. On July 30 I received the following reply from Assistant Secretary of State, Jack K. McFall: Dear SeNatoR HumpHrey: This is in reply to your letter of June 22. Tam enclosing a copy of a certificate made b7 Dr. G. Bernard Noble, Chief of the Di- vision of Historical Policy Research. This certificate is self-explanatory, and I believe answers your question, Sincerely yours, Jack K. McFatr, Assistant Secretary. The certificate which was mentioned in and attached to Mr. McFall’s letter reads as follows: CERTIFICATE This ts to certify that the dispatch quoted in the attached entry in the Concres- SIONAL Recorp of June 21, 1950, is an accurate translation trom a document captured by the Allied forces in Germany. The micro- film of the original of this document is now in the joint custody of the United States and British Governments. This document is part of a collection of captured German docu- ments which are now being edited under a joint British-American program and will be published in due course. G. Bernagp NosLe, Chief, Division of Historical Policy Research, Department of State. I have asked the State Department to moke the original German documents available to me for public information, and I trust the Department will soon do SO. In the meantime, however, I am ap- pending to these remarks and as a part of the record translations of all three of the documents as published by the New York Post, which are exhibits 1, 2, and 3. I ask that they may be made a part of the REcorp. There being no objection, the exhibits were ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: ExH1srt 1 [Translation from the German. Telegram (secret code process) | } abana: July 26, 1940, 00:40 o'clock, Arrival: July 26, 1940, 15:06 o'clock. No. 140 of July 25. Press Adviser Washington Embassy, Sell, transmits following memorandum, which I am [two words illegible on microfilm] relay- Ing as is: “Habana conference gave opportunity for unrestrained conversation with large num- ber of North American delegates and jour- nalists, of whom one, if not a larger percent, did not stand unconditionally hostile to Ger- many.” Meany a one was susceptible to our argu- ments, but universal, and thus somewhat staggering, was the fatalistic conviction that there will soon be war, and that, because two systems so opposed as [are] Germany and United States of America could not exist side by side, and [that] America must strike be- fore Germany would be sitting so firmly in the saddle in Europe and Latin America that the United States of America would be so isolated and compelled to give up hitherto- existing standard of living. One Washington journalist, who asserts he has good informa- tion, told me quite positively Roosevelt will declare war on Germany in October. A pre- text will certainly be found, be it within the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE framework of the proposals brought up here by the United States of America, or be it through the whipping-up (group garbled) in the United States of America as a conse- quence of German air attacks on English cities, or the like. Others considered this as unlikely, even if admitting that now already very effective propaganda concerning ‘‘Ger- man war against English women and chil- dren” and “German trampling of British culture” ts at work (cf. also Hull’s speech of Monday). In full recognition of this actual or pre- sumed situation, Fulton Lewis approached me yesterday, [Lewis] who has been friendly wit} me for 12 years, highly respectable, an American journalist, admiring Germany and the Fuehrer, a political commentator with Mutual Broadcasting, and who, a few months ago, received 60,000 enthusiastic letters in re- sponse to one single radio talk. Lewis, who travels about a great desl, and on the occa- sion of Republican and Democratic Conven- tions, came together with Americans of all strata and regions, declared that the people wanted no war, but were rather defenseless against Roosevelt's refined tactics, especially now that he has made Congress a yes appa- ratus wituout a will of its own, by means of the cornucopta of gigantic contracts to all individual States. He requests therefore to be allowed to expound the following idea, which he has discussed with several serious- minded people—have the Fuehrer send a tel- egram to Roosevelt of not more than 200 words (recent speech of the Fuehrer was too long for the average American and by de- scribing the events of the war, etc , had devi- uted somewhat from the theme especially important here), of approximately the fol- lowing content: “You, Mr. Roosevelt, have many times turned to me with appeals, and have constantly expressed the wish to see a bloody war avoided. I have not declared war on England, but on the contrary have con- stantly emphasized that I do not wish to destroy the British Empire. My repeated in- vitations to Churchill to be reasonable and to arrive at an honorable treaty of peace haye been stubbornly refused by Churchill. I know that it will go very hard with Eng- land if I really order total war against the British Isles. Therefore, I request you, for your part, to approach Churchill and to talk him out of his senseless pigheadedness.” Lewis added, Roosevelt would naturally an- swer with incivility and animosity; that didn’t matter. But upon the North Ameri- can people, and above all, upon South Amer- ica, the appeal will make a deep impression and in no case would be interpreted in seri» ous-thinking circles as weakness. TAUCHNITZ, EXHIsIT 2 Ref.: GE. Dr. Sohring. Berlin, June 8, 1940. Diplogerma. Wash- ington. No, 863, telegram (secret code). According to the report of the Minister in Habana, Sell has given him the memorandum which, among other things, contained the proposal of Fulton Lewis, that the Fuehrer should direct an appeal to Roosevelt with a view to his mediation with Churchill. Al- though execution of this proposal 1s out of the question, {t would nevertheless be of in- terest to obtain your views, in particular concerning the importance of Fulton Lewis, Scumunr, Exum 8 [Telegram (secret code) } Washington, August 8, 1940, 0:51 p. m. Received, August 8, 1940, 8:50 a. m. No. 1669 of July 8. Your telegram of the 6, No. 863. 10139 1. The following may be sald concerning the importance of Fulton Lewis, Jr.: L, 18 one of the younger news announcers of the well-known radio company, the Mu- tual Broadcasting Co., has enjoyed a par- ticular success of late, and 1s a close personal friend of Sell. He attempts to support the isolationist ine in his commentery on for- eign affairs. He takes an attitude toward Germany which is factual and unprejudiced, so that the proposal in question was cer- tainly well meant. On the other hand, L. does not have as much political significance as some leading American commentators. The proposal in question, therefore, probably arises mostly from a desire on the part of the personalities involved to gain attention. Similar proposals are frequently made to the embassy by well-meaning but uninfluential persons. 2. On the question of an appeal by the Fuhrer to Roosevelt for mediation with Churchill the following may be said: Since the Havana conference attacks by Roosevelt and his administration against all Germans and ayainst alleged German plans of con- quest, also in the Western Hemisphere, have continually increased; the aim is to further Roosevelt's reelection, to prepare public opinion for the introduction of at least lim~ ited military service, and to divert the ate tention of American voters to the interna- tlonal situstion during the political cam- paign, In view of the internal political sit- uation and the atmosphere of hatred against us a mediation appeal to Roosevelt at this time would be exploited primarily as a sign of German weakness and of a fear to under- take a military assault against England. Moreover, Roosevelt would be made to ap- pear in the eyes of the American voters as the best qualified international mediator, recognized even by the Fuhrer himself, and this would likewlse strengthen his chances for election, THOMSEN, Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, I also ask to be made part of this Recorp a radio broadcast by Mr. Fulton Lewis, Jr., on the evening of June 23, in which he gives his explanation of the docu- ments and of the incidents reported by the New York Post, which is exhibit 4, and which I ask to have printed in the REcorD. There being no objection, the broad- cast was ordered to be printed in the ReEcorp, as follows: ExHisitT 4 BROADCAST OF FULTON LEWIS, JR,, FRIDAY, JUNE 23, 1950 I have a story to lay before you that ts quite unusual. Therefore I am not going to interrupt this broadcast for a middle an- nouncement. You can well understand that a program of this kind which attempts to expose evils in government and the activities of subversive groups, and which exposes un-Americanism without fear or favor, wherever it shows it- self, makes enemies of those who feel the pinch, or who are afraid that they will feel it. One Communist-front organization is now in the course of a Nation-wide fund- raising campaign to intimidate sponsors, in the vain hope of getting this program off the airwaves. Some newspapers and some maga- gines and some radio commentators and some columnists have carried scurrilous and slan- derous articles designed to discredit and destroy me. Of those enemies, I am abun- dantly proud, believe me. I want to give you a demonstration of just how low they will stoop in their efforta to accomplish their ends. The case involves a