1299 
(1) The evolution of threats to the United 
States since September 11, 2001, from international 
and domestic terrorism, including— 
(A) an assessment of potential connections 
between such threats, and the risks such 
threats pose relative to other security threats to 
the United States and United States national 
interests; and 
(B) the effects of United States counter-
terrorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, poli-
cies, programs, and activities on such threats. 
(2) The applicability of major lessons learned 
from United States counterterrorism objectives, pri-
orities, policies, programs, and activities since Sep-
tember 11, 2001, for ongoing and future counterter-
rorism objectives, priorities, policies, programs, and 
activities. 
(3) Ongoing United States counterterrorism ob-
jectives, priorities, capabilities, policies, programs, 
and activities, including an assessment of the fol-
lowing: 
(A) Whether such objectives, priorities, ca-
pabilities, policies, programs, and activities are 
appropriately integrated, programmatically and
1300 
organizationally, into wider United States for-
eign and domestic policy. 
(B) Whether counterterrorism resources 
are appropriately balanced across the range of 
counterterrorism programs and activities con-
ducted by the United States, and the actions 
necessary to improve such balance if necessary. 
(C) The potential constraints on counter-
terrorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, poli-
cies, programs, and activities resulting from the 
United States’ need to confront a growing num-
ber of geopolitical and security challenges, and 
how to mitigate any terrorism-related risks that 
might result. 
(D) The potential new or emerging chal-
lenges or opportunities of conducting counter-
terrorism operations in contested environments 
where strategic state competitors such as Rus-
sia, China, or Iran operate, and identification of 
actions the United States Government should 
take to mitigate potential risks and take advan-
tage of possible opportunities. 
(E) The instruments of national power 
used to advance counterterrorism objectives and
1301 
identification of new or modified instruments, if 
appropriate. 
(F) Any impacts of such counterterrorism 
objectives, priorities, capabilities, policies, pro-
grams, and activities on civil rights and civil lib-
erties in the United States and internationally 
recognized human rights and humanitarian 
principles abroad. 
(4) The legal authorities and policy frameworks 
for counterterrorism programs and activities in the 
United States and abroad, and whether such au-
thorities or frameworks require updating. 
(5) The state of United States counterterrorism 
partnerships, including— 
(A) the impact of United States counter-
terrorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, poli-
cies, programs, and activities on the counterter-
rorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, poli-
cies, programs, and activities of partner coun-
tries; and 
(B) the willingness, capacity, and capa-
bility of United States counterterrorism part-
ners to combat shared threats, and the impact 
of security assistance and foreign assistance on 
such willingness, capacity, and capability.
1302 
(6) Ongoing efforts by the executive branch to 
measure the effectiveness of United States counter-
terrorism objectives, priorities, capabilities, policies, 
programs, and activities through net assessments 
and evaluations of lessons learned, including an as-
sessment of efforts to address factors that contribute 
to terrorist recruitment and radicalization. 
(7) Recommendations on how best to adapt 
United States counterterrorism objectives, priorities, 
capabilities, policies, programs, and activities on the 
basis of the areas of study specified in this sub-
section and any other findings the Commission de-
termines relevant. 
(d) COMPOSITION.— 
(1) MEMBERS.—The Commission shall be com-
posed of 14 commissioners, to be appointed as fol-
lows: 
(A) One commissioner appointed by the 
Chairman, with the concurrence of the ranking 
member, of each of the appropriate congres-
sional committees. 
(B) A Chairperson, appointed by the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, with 
the concurrence of the Minority Leader of the 
House of Representatives.
1303 
(C) A Vice-Chairperson, appointed by the 
Majority Leader of the Senate, with the concur-
rence of the Minority Leader of the Senate. 
(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—Individuals appointed to 
the Commission shall be United States persons with 
relevant counterterrorism expertise and experience in 
diplomacy, law enforcement, the Armed Forces, law, 
public administration, Congress, intelligence, aca-
demia, human rights, civil rights, or civil liberties. 
The leadership of the House of Representatives and 
the Senate shall coordinate with the appropriate con-
gressional committees to ensure that Commission 
membership represents a variety of expertise in such 
fields. At least one of the commissioners shall pos-
sess a civil rights or civil liberties background in ad-
dition to relevant counterterrorism expertise, and 
one commissioner shall possess an international 
human rights background in addition to relevant 
counterterrorism expertise. 
(3) PROHIBITIONS.—An individual appointed to 
the Commission may not be— 
(A) a Member of Congress, including a 
Delegate or Resident Commissioner; 
(B) an employee or official of any other 
branch of the Federal Government;
1304 
(C) an employee or official of any State, 
territory, county, or municipality in the United 
States; or 
(D) a registered lobbyist. 
(4) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.—An individual 
appointed to the Commission shall disclose any fi-
nancial gains from private sector employment con-
ducted in support of United States counterterrorism 
objectives, priorities, capabilities, policies, programs, 
or activities at any time since the September 11, 
2001, attacks. 
(5) DEADLINE FOR APPOINTMENT OF COMMIS-
SIONERS.—Individuals appointed to the Commission 
shall be appointed not later than— 
(A) 30 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act; or 
(B) December 31, 2020, 
whichever occurs first. 
(6) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—Each commis-
sioner and the Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson 
shall be appointed for the life of the Commission. 
(7) VACANCIES.—Any vacancy in the Commis-
sion shall not affect its powers and duties and shall 
be filled in the same manner as the original appoint-
ment within 30 days of such vacancy occurring.
1305 
(8) COMPENSATION.—Commissioners and the 
Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson shall serve with-
out pay. 
(9) TRAVEL
EXPENSES.—Commissioners and 
the Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson shall receive 
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsist-
ence, in accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of 
title 5, United States Code, while away from their 
homes or regular places of business in performance 
of services for the Commission. 
(e) MEETINGS.— 
(1) INITIAL MEETING.—The initial meeting of 
the Commission shall be held not later than 30 days 
after the satisfaction of all of the following: 
(A) The appointment of two-thirds of the 
members of the Commission, including at least 
one of the Chairperson or Vice-Chairperson. 
(B) The transfer of funding under sub-
section (k). 
(2) RESPONSIBILITY.—The Commission shall, 
at its initial meeting, develop and implement a 
schedule for completion of the review and assess-
ment under subsection (b) and report under sub-
section (m)(2).
1306 
(3) SUBSEQUENT MEETINGS.—The Commission 
shall meet at the call the Chairperson or a majority 
of commissioners. 
(4) QUORUM.—Eight commissioners shall con-
stitute a quorum, and commissioners may vote by 
proxy. 
(f) CONSULTATION.—In conducting the review and 
assessment and study required under this section, the 
Commission shall consult with relevant experts in the Fed-
eral Government (including relevant Members of Congress 
and congressional staff), academia, law, civil society, and 
the private sector. 
(g) POWERS OF THE COMMISSION.— 
(1) HEARINGS AND EVIDENCE.—For the pur-
poses of carrying out this section, the Commission 
may— 
(A) hold classified or unclassified hearings, 
take testimony, receive evidence, and administer 
oaths; and 
(B) subject to paragraph (3), require, by 
subpoena authorized by majority vote of the 
Commission and issued under the signature of 
the Chairperson or any member designated by 
a majority of the Commission, the attendance 
and testimony of such witnesses and the pro-
1307 
duction of such books, records, correspondence, 
memoranda, papers, and documents, as the 
Commission may determine advisable. 
(2) NOTIFICATION
OF
COMMITTEES.—If the 
Commission is unable to obtain testimony or docu-
ments needed to conduct its work, the Commission 
shall notify the appropriate congressional commit-
tees. 
(3) SUBPOENA ENFORCEMENT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—In the case of contu-
macy or failure to obey a subpoena issued 
under paragraph (1)(B), the United States dis-
trict court for the judicial district in which the 
subpoenaed person resides, is served, or may be 
found, or where the subpoena is returnable, 
may issue an order requiring such person to ap-
pear at any designated place to testify or to 
produce documentary or other evidence. Any 
failure to obey the order of the court may be 
punished by the court as a contempt of that 
court. 
(B) ADDITIONAL ENFORCEMENT.—In the 
case of any failure of any witness to comply 
with any subpoena or to testify when sum-
moned under authority of this section, the Com-
1308 
mission may, by majority vote, certify a state-
ment of fact constituting such failure to the ap-
propriate United States attorney, who may 
bring the matter before the grand jury for its 
action, under the same statutory authority and 
procedures as if the United States attorney had 
received a certification under sections 102 
through 104 of the Revised Statutes of the 
United States (2 U.S.C. 192 through 194). 
(4) LIMITATIONS ON SUBPOENA AUTHORITY.— 
With respect to the subpoena authority under para-
graph (1)(B), the Commission— 
(A) may only issue a subpoena to a mem-
ber of Federal, State, local, Tribal, or territorial 
government; 
(B) may reference unclassified documents 
and information obtained through a subpoena 
when conducting interviews to further the Com-
mission’s objectives, and may include such doc-
uments and information in the final report, but 
may not otherwise share, disclose, publish, or 
transmit in any way any information obtained 
through a subpoena to another Federal depart-
ment or agency, any agency of a State, local,
1309 
Tribal, or territorial government, or any inter-
national body; and 
(C) shall comply with requirements for the 
issuance of a subpoena issued by a United 
States district court under the Federal Rules of 
Civil Procedure. 
(5) MEETINGS.—The Commission shall— 
(A) hold public hearings and meetings; 
(B) hold classified hearings or meetings if 
necessary to discuss classified material or infor-
mation; and 
(C) provide an opportunity for public com-
ment, including sharing of research and policy 
analysis, through publication in the Federal 
Register of a solicitation for public comments 
during a period to last not fewer than 45 days. 
(h) RESOURCES.— 
(1) AUTHORITY TO USE THE UNITED STATES 
MAILS.—The Commission may use the United States 
mails in the same manner and under the same con-
ditions as other Federal agencies. 
(2) DOCUMENTS, 
STATISTICAL
DATA
AND 
OTHER SUCH INFORMATION.—Upon written request 
by the Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, or any com-
missioner designated by a majority of the Commis-
1310 
sion, an executive department, bureau, agency, 
board, commission, office, independent establish-
ment, or instrumentality of the Federal Govern-
ment— 
(A) shall provide reasonable access to doc-
uments, statistical data, and other such infor-
mation the Commission determines necessary to 
carry out its duties; and 
(B) shall, to the extent authorized by law, 
furnish any information, suggestions, estimates, 
and statistics the Commission determines nec-
essary to carry out its duties. 
(3) GIFTS.—No member or staff of the Com-
mission may receive a gift or benefit by reason of 
the service of such member or staff to the Commis-
sion. 
(4) AUTHORITY TO CONTRACT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Commission is au-
thorized to enter into contracts, leases, or other 
legal agreements with Federal and State agen-
cies, Indian tribes, Tribal entities, private enti-
ties, and individuals for the conduct of activities 
necessary to the discharge of its duties. 
(B) TERMINATION.—A contract, lease, or 
other legal agreement entered into by the Com-
1311 
mission under this paragraph may not extend 
beyond the date of termination of the Commis-
sion. 
(5) INAPPLICABILITY OF FACA.—The Federal 
Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not 
apply to the activities of the Commission under this 
section. 
(6) OFFICE SPACE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUP-
PORT.—The Architect of the Capitol shall make of-
fice space available for day-to-day activities of the 
Commission and for scheduled meetings of the Com-
mission. Upon request, the Architect of the Capitol 
shall provide, on a reimbursable basis, such adminis-
trative support as the Commission requests to carry 
out its duties. 
(7) ASSISTANCE FROM FEDERAL AGENCIES.— 
(A) 
GENERAL
SERVICES
ADMINISTRA-
TION.—The Administrator of General Services 
shall provide to the Commission on a reimburs-
able basis administrative support and other 
services as the Commission requests to carry 
out its duties. 
(B) FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS AND AGEN-
CIES.—Federal departments and agencies may 
provide to the Commission such services, funds,
1312 
facilities, staff, and other support services as 
such departments and agencies consider advis-
able and as may be authorized by law. 
(i) STAFF.— 
(1) DIRECTOR.—The Chairperson, in consulta-
tion with the Vice-Chairperson, and in accordance 
with rules agreed upon by the Commission, may ap-
point a staff director. 
(2) STAFF.—With the approval of the Commis-
sion, the staff director may appoint such employees 
as the staff director determines necessary to enable 
the Commission to carry out its duties. 
(3) STAFF QUALIFICATIONS.—The staff direc-
tor shall ensure employees of the Commission have 
relevant counterterrorism expertise and experience, 
including in areas such as diplomacy, law enforce-
ment, the Armed Forces, law, public administration, 
Congress, intelligence, academia, human rights, civil 
rights, or civil liberties. 
(3) APPOINTMENTS AND COMPENSATION.—The 
Commission may appoint and fix the compensation 
of the staff director and other employees without re-
gard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, 
governing appointments in the competitive service, 
and without regard to the provisions of chapter 51
1313 
and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relat-
ing to classification and General Schedule pay rates, 
except that the rate of pay for the staff director may 
not may exceed the equivalent of that payable to a 
person occupying a position at level IV of the Execu-
tive Schedule and the rate of pay for any other em-
ployee of the Commission may not exceed the equiv-
alent of that payable to a person occupying a posi-
tion at level V of the Executive Schedule. 
(4) EXPERTS
AND
CONSULTANTS.—With the 
approval of the Chairperson, the staff director may 
procure temporary and intermittent services under 
section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code. 
(5) DETAIL
OF
GOVERNMENT
EMPLOYEES.— 
Upon the request of the Commission, the head of 
any Federal agency may detail, without reimburse-
ment, any of the personnel of such agency to the 
Commission to assist in carrying out its duties. Any 
such detail shall not interrupt or otherwise affect the 
civil service status or privileges of such personnel. 
(6) VOLUNTEER
SERVICES.—Notwithstanding 
section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the 
Commission may accept and use voluntary and un-
compensated services as the Commission determines 
necessary.
1314 
(j) SECURITY CLEARANCES FOR COMMISSION MEM-
BERS AND STAFF.—The appropriate Federal agencies or 
departments shall cooperate with the Commission in expe-
ditiously providing to the commissioners, including the 
Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson, and the staff director 
and other employees, appropriate security clearances to 
the extent possible pursuant to existing procedures and 
requirements. 
(k) FUNDING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Of the amounts authorized 
to be appropriated for fiscal year 2021 by this Act, 
$4,000,000 shall be made available for transfer to 
the Commission for purposes of the activities of the 
Commission under this section. 
(2) DURATION
OF
AVAILABILITY.—Amounts 
made available to the Commission under paragraph 
(1) shall remain available until the until the termi-
nation of the Commission. 
(l) TERMINATION.—The Commission shall terminate 
on the date that is 180 days after the date on which the 
Commission submits the report under subsection (m)(2). 
(m) BRIEFINGS AND REPORT.— 
(1) BRIEFINGS.—The Chairperson, Vice-Chair-
person, and staff director of the Commission shall 
provide quarterly briefings to the appropriate con-
1315 
gressional committees, of which not fewer than two 
briefings shall be for Members of Congress. 
(2) REPORT.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 540 
days after the initial meeting of the Commis-
sion under subsection (e), the Commission shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees an unclassified report that includes the 
following: 
(i) The findings, conclusions, and rec-
ommendations of the Commission pursuant 
to the review and assessment under sub-
section (b). 
(ii) Summaries of the input and rec-
ommendations of each individual with 
whom the Commission consulted in accord-
ance with subsection (f), attributed in ac-
cordance with the preference expressed by 
such individual. 
(B) CLASSIFIED ANNEX.—The report re-
quired under this subsection may include a clas-
sified annex. 
(C) ADDENDUM.—Pursuant to subsection 
(h)(3), the Commission shall publish as an ad-
dendum to the report under subsection (m)(2)
1316 
a list of all gifts received and the individual or 
entity from which such gift was received. 
(3) PUBLIC RELEASE.—Not later than 7 days 
after the date on which the Commission submits the 
report under this subsection, the Commission shall 
make publicly available such report, with the excep-
tion of any classified annex under paragraph (2)(B). 
(n) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Homeland Security, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, the Committee 
on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Finan-
cial Services of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions, the Select Committee on Intelligence, the 
Committee on the Judiciary, and the Com-
mittee on Finance of the Senate.
1317 
(2) DOMESTIC TERRORISM.—The term ‘‘domes-
tic terrorism’’ has the meaning given such term in 
section 2331 of title 18, United States Code. 
(3) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act of 1975 (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
(4) INTERNATIONAL
TERRORISM.—The term 
‘‘international terrorism’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 2331 of title 18, United States 
Code. 
(5) REGISTERED LOBBYIST.—The term ‘‘reg-
istered lobbyist’’ means a lobbyist described in sec-
tion 3 of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 
U.S.C. 1603). 
(6) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ has the meaning given that 
term in section 101 of the Foreign Intelligence Sur-
veillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801). 
SEC. 1286. PROGRAM TO PREVENT, MITIGATE, AND RE-
SPOND TO CIVILIAN HARM AS A RESULT OF 
MILITARY OPERATIONS IN SOMALIA. 
(a) PROGRAM REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
1318 
retary of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary 
of State, shall develop and implement a program— 
(A) to prevent, mitigate, and respond to ci-
vilian harm resulting from military operations 
to counter al-Shabaab or the Islamic State in 
Somalia (ISIS-Somalia); and 
(B) to enhance the ability for Somali civil-
ians to report instances of civilian harm result-
ing from— 
(i) 
any 
operations 
conducted 
by 
United States Armed Forces; and 
(ii) any operations in which United 
States Armed Forces provided operational 
support to the Somali Army or the African 
Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM). 
(2) COORDINATION.—The program required by 
this subsection shall be carried out in accordance 
with— 
(A) section 1213 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public 
Law 116–92); 
(B) section 936 of the John S. McCain 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 134 note); and
1319 
(C) section 1057 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018. 
(b) SCOPE OF PROGRAM.—The program required by 
subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) Measures in accordance with section 1057 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2018 to improve the ability of the Somali Na-
tional Army, AMISOM, the United States military, 
and United States contractors to prevent, mitigate, 
and respond to instances of civilian harm as a result 
of military operations to counter al-Shabaab or 
ISIS-Somalia. 
(2) Measures in accordance with section 1057 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2018 and section 936 of the John S. McCain 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2019 (10 U.S.C. 134 note) to improve coordination 
among international actors involved in military oper-
ations in Somalia, to include AMISOM, with regard 
to preventing and mitigating civilian casualties, and 
collecting data and reporting on such incidents when 
they occur. 
(3) Specific measures relating to compliance by 
Somalia with section 936(b)(3) of the John S. 
McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
1320 
cal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 134 note), to include 
measures to ensure that Somali civilians, including 
those without reliable access to the internet, and 
credible local or international nongovernmental orga-
nizations, can report civilian harm, including death, 
injury, or damage to civilian infrastructure, resulting 
from United States operations and partner oper-
ations. 
(4) Measures to ensure that ex gratia payments 
and other assistance are made available as appro-
priate in accordance with section 1213 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2020 (Public Law 116–92). 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of 
State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report on the measures that have been 
taken to implement the program required by sub-
section (a). 
(2) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may include a classified annex. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
1321 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate. 
(2) OPERATIONAL SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘oper-
ational support’’ means training, advising, com-
manding, coordinating, participating in the move-
ment of, or accompanying Somali Army or AMISOM 
forces, providing such forces with medevac or other 
medical aid, aerial refueling, intelligence, surveil-
lance, or reconnaissance, or close air support for op-
erations. 
SEC. 1287. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING JAPAN AND 
SMA REPORT DRAFT. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the Sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States greatly values its alliance 
with the Government of Japan, based on shared val-
ues of democracy, the rule of law, a rules-based 
international order, and respect for human rights;
1322 
(2) the United States-Japan alliance has been 
the cornerstone of peace, stability, and security in 
the Indo-Pacific for more than seven decades; 
(3) the United States and Japan are indispen-
sable partners in addressing global challenges, in-
cluding combating the proliferation of weapons of 
mass destruction, preventing piracy, assisting the 
victims of conflict and disaster worldwide, safe-
guarding maritime security, and ensuring freedom of 
navigation, commerce, and overflight in the Indo-Pa-
cific region; 
(4) the Democratic People’s Republic of Ko-
rea’s (DPRK) nuclear, chemical, and biological 
weapons programs and ballistic missile programs 
pose a critical threat to the stability of the Indo-Pa-
cific region and to the security of Japan; 
(5) the People’s Republic of China’s use of mili-
tary forces to challenge territory under Japan’s ad-
ministrative control violate international norms and 
thereby threaten regional stability. 
(6) the United States reaffirms its commitment 
to Article V of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation 
and Security between the United States of America 
and Japan, which applies to the Japanese-adminis-
tered Senkaku Islands;
1323 
(7) United States forces forward-deployed in 
Japan, consisting of 54,000 United States forces, 
United States Seventh Fleet, the only forward-de-
ployed United States aircraft carrier, and the United 
States Marine Corps’ III Marine Expeditionary 
Force, are essential to sustaining United States na-
tional security and regional peace and stability; 
(8) the United States and Japan should con-
tinue to deepen defense cooperation to enhance col-
lective defense and regional security; 
(9) Japan makes significant contributions to re-
gional and global security, including contributions to 
regional Ballistic Missile Defense, conducting bilat-
eral presence operations and mutual asset protection 
missions with United States forces, serving as a ca-
pacity building contributor to United Nations peace-
keeping operations, and providing critical support to 
United Nations Security Council Resolution enforce-
ment operations against the DPRK’s illicit weapons 
programs; 
(10) the United States recognizes the substan-
tial financial commitments of Japan to the mainte-
nance of United States forces in Japan, including 
contributions of approximately $2,000,000,000 an-
nually under the Special Measures Agreement,
1324 
$187,000,000 annually under the Japan Facilities 
Improvement Program, $12,100,000,000 for the 
Futenma Replacement Facility, and $4,800,000,000 
for Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, that directly 
support operational readiness of United States 
forces in Japan and make Japan among the most 
significant burden-sharing partners of the United 
States; and 
(11) it is in the national security interest of the 
United States that the United States and Japan 
conclude a new Special Measures Agreement, nego-
tiated based on the principles of mutual respect, eq-
uity, and our shared national security interests, 
prior to the expiration of the current agreement. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than January 1, 
2021, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with 
the Secretary of State, shall provide a report on the 
costs most directly associated with the stationing of 
United States forces in Japan to the congressional 
defense committees, the House Committee on For-
eign Affairs, and the Senate Committee on Foreign 
Relations. At a minimum, the report shall include— 
(A) a description of each category of costs, 
including labor, utilities, training relocation,
1325 
and any other categories the Secretary deter-
mines to be appropriate, that are most directly 
associated with the stationing of United States 
forces in Japan; 
(B) a detailed description of which costs 
most directly associated with the stationing of 
United States forces in Japan are incurred in 
Japan and which such costs are incurred out-
side of Japan; 
(C) a detailed summary of contributions 
made by the Government of Japan that allay 
the costs to United States of stationing United 
States forces in Japan; 
(D) the benefits to United States national 
security and regional security derived from the 
forward presence of United States Armed 
Forces in Japan; 
(E) the impact to the national security of 
the United States, the security of Japan, and 
peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific region if 
a new Special Measures Agreement is not 
reached before March 31, 2021; and 
(F) any other matters the Secretary deems 
appropriate to include.
1326 
(2) FORM.—The report shall be unclassified 
without any designation relating to dissemination 
control, but may include a classified annex. 
SEC. 1288. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO GRAND 
ETHIOPIAN RENAISSANCE DAM. 
It is the sense of Congress that it is in the best inter-
ests of the stability of the region for Egypt, Ethiopia, and 
Sudan to immediately reach a just and equitable agree-
ment regarding the filling and operation of the Grand 
Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. 
SEC. 1289. REPORT ON ALL COMPREHENSIVE SANCTIONS 
IMPOSED ON FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 
Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator 
of the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment, the United States Ambassador to the United Na-
tions, and relevant nongovernmental organizations, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port on all comprehensive sanctions imposed on govern-
ments of foreign countries under any provision of law. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include—
1327 
(1) an assessment of the effect of sanctions im-
posed on the government of each foreign country de-
scribed in subsection (a) on— 
(A) the ability of civilian population of the 
country to access water, sanitation, and public 
health services; 
(B) the changes to the general mortality 
rate, maternal mortality rate, life expectancy, 
and literacy; 
(C) the environmental impacts experienced 
by the country that may be associated with the 
sanctions, to include fossil fuel usage; 
(D) the delivery of economic aid and devel-
opment projects in the country; 
(E) the extent to which there is an in-
crease in refugees or migration to or from the 
country or an increase in internally displaced 
people in the country; 
(F) the economic, political, and military 
impacts on the country; 
(G) the reactions of the country to the im-
posed sanctions, including policy changes and 
internal sentiment; 
(H) the degree of international compliance 
and non-compliance of the country; and
1328 
(I) the licensing of transactions to allow 
access to essential goods and services to vulner-
able populations, including women, children, el-
derly individuals, and individuals with disabil-
ities; and 
(2) a description of the purpose of sanctions 
imposed on the government of each foreign country 
described in subsection (a) and the required legal or 
political authority, including— 
(A) an assessment of United States na-
tional security; 
(B) an assessment of whether the stated 
foreign policy goals of the sanctions are being 
met; 
(C) the degree of international support or 
opposition that can be anticipated; 
(D) an assessment of such sanctions on 
United States businesses and consumers; 
(E) criteria for lifting the sanctions; and 
(F) prospects for commitment to enforcing 
the sanctions. 
(c) UPDATES OF REPORT.—The President shall sub-
mit to Congress an updated report under subsection (a)—
1329 
(1) not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 
10 years; and 
(2) with respect to a new comprehensive sanc-
tion imposed on a government of a foreign country 
under any provision of law, not later than 180 days 
after the date on which the sanctions are imposed on 
the government. 
(d) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex. The unclassified portion of the report 
shall be published on a publicly-available website of the 
Government of the United States. 
(e) REVIEW BY CONGRESS.—Upon receipt of the re-
port required by subsection (a), Congress shall examine 
the report with a focus on the humanitarian impacts of 
comprehensive sanctions described in the report, including 
with respect to human rights, medical services, food and 
malnutrition and access to water, sanitation, and hygiene 
services. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means—
1330 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Financial Services, and the Com-
mittee on Ways and Means of the House of 
Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs, and the Committee on Finance 
of the Senate. 
(2) COMPREHENSIVE
SANCTION.—The term 
‘‘comprehensive sanctions’’ means any prohibition on 
significant commercial and financial activity with a 
foreign government that is imposed by the United 
States for reasons of foreign policy or national secu-
rity. 
SEC. 1290. LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO BRAZIL. 
No Federal funds may be obligated or expended to 
provide any United States security assistance or security 
cooperation to the defense, security, or police forces of the 
Government of Brazil to involuntarily relocate, including 
through coercion or the use of force, the indigenous or 
Quilombola communities in Brazil. 
SEC. 1291. UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR GLOBAL MEDIA. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as the 
‘‘U.S. Agency for Global Media Reform Act’’.
1331 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the Office of Cuba Broadcasting should— 
(1) remain an independent entity of the United 
States Agency for Global Media; and 
(2) continue taking steps to ensure that the Of-
fice is fulfilling its core mission of promoting free-
dom and democracy by providing the people of Cuba 
with objective news and information programming. 
(c) AUTHORITIES OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFI-
CER; LIMITATION
ON
CORPORATE
LEADERSHIP
OF 
GRANTEES.—Section 305 of the United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6204) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (20), by inserting ‘‘in ac-
cordance with subsection (c)’’ before the period 
at the end; 
(B) in paragraph (21)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘including with Federal 
officials,’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘in accordance with 
subsection (c)’’ before the period at the 
end; 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
1332 
‘‘(23) To— 
‘‘(A) require semi-annual content reviews 
of each language service of each surrogate net-
work, consisting of a review of at least 10 per-
cent of available weekly content, by fluent lan-
guage speakers and experts without direct affili-
ation to the language service being reviewed, 
who are seeking any evidence of inappropriate 
or unprofessional content, which shall be sub-
mitted to the Office of Policy Research, the 
head and Board of the respective surrogate 
service, and the Chief Executive Officer; and 
‘‘(B) submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a list of anomalous reports, 
including status updates on anomalous services 
during the 3-year period commencing on the 
date of receipt of the first report of biased, un-
professional, or otherwise problematic content.’’; 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION ON CORPORATE LEADERSHIP OF 
GRANTEES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Chief Executive Offi-
cer may not award any grant under subsection (a) 
to RFE/RL, Inc., Radio Free Asia, the Middle East
1333 
Broadcasting Networks, the Open Technology Fund, 
or any other grantee authorized under this title (col-
lectively referred to as ‘Agency Grantee Networks’) 
unless the incorporation documents of any such 
grantee require that the corporate leadership and 
Board of Directors of such grantee be selected in ac-
cordance with this Act. 
‘‘(2) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.— 
‘‘(A) CHIEF
EXECUTIVE
OFFICER.—The 
Chief Executive Officer may not serve on any of 
the corporate boards of any grantee under sub-
section (a). 
‘‘(B) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES.—A full-time 
employee of a Federal agency may not serve on 
a corporate board of any grantee under sub-
section (a). 
‘‘(3) QUALIFICATIONS
OF
GRANTEE
BOARD 
MEMBERS.—Individuals appointed under subsection 
(a) to the Board of Directors of any of the Agency 
Grantee Networks shall have requisite expertise in 
journalism, technology, broadcasting, or diplomacy, 
or appropriate language or cultural understanding 
relevant to the grantee’s mission.’’.
1334 
(d) 
INTERNATIONAL
BROADCASTING
ADVISORY 
BOARD.—Section 306 of the United States International 
Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6205) is amended— 
(1) by striking subsections (a) through (c) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The International Broadcasting 
Advisory Board (referred to in this section as the ‘Advi-
sory Board’) shall advise the Chief Executive Officer of 
the United States Agency for Global Media, as appro-
priate. The Advisory Board as established shall exist with-
in the executive branch as an entity described in section 
104 of title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(b) COMPOSITION OF THE ADVISORY BOARD.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Advisory Board shall 
consist of seven members, of whom— 
‘‘(A) six shall be appointed by the Presi-
dent, by and with the advice and consent of the 
Senate, in accordance with subsection (c); and 
‘‘(B) one shall be the Secretary of State. 
‘‘(2) CHAIR.—The President shall designate, 
with the advice and consent of the Senate, one of the 
members appointed under paragraph (1)(A) as 
Chair of the Advisory Board. 
‘‘(3) PARTY LIMITATION.—Not more than three 
members of the Advisory Board appointed under
1335 
paragraph (1)(A) may be affiliated with the same 
political party. 
‘‘(4) TERMS OF OFFICE.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), members of the Advisory 
Board shall serve for a single term of 4 years, 
except that, of the first group of members ap-
pointed under paragraph (1)(A)— 
‘‘(i) two members who are not affili-
ated with the same political party, shall be 
appointed for terms ending on the date 
that is 2 years after the date of the enact-
ment of the U.S. Agency for Global Media 
Reform Act; 
‘‘(ii) two members who are not affili-
ated with the same political party, shall be 
appointed for terms ending on the date 
that is 4 years after the date of the enact-
ment of the U.S. Agency for Global Media 
Reform Act; and 
‘‘(iii) two members who are not affili-
ated with the same political party, shall be 
appointed for terms ending on the date 
that is 6 years after the date of the enact-
1336 
ment of the U.S. Agency for Global Media 
Reform Act. 
‘‘(B) SECRETARY
OF
STATE.—The Sec-
retary of State shall serve as a member of the 
Advisory Board for the duration of his or her 
tenure as Secretary of State. 
‘‘(5) VACANCIES.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The President shall 
appoint, with the advice and consent of the 
Senate, additional members to fill vacancies on 
the Advisory Board occurring before the expira-
tion of a term. 
‘‘(B) TERM.—Any members appointed pur-
suant to subparagraph (A) shall serve for the 
remainder of such term. 
‘‘(C) SERVICE BEYOND TERM.—Any mem-
ber whose term has expired shall continue to 
serve as a member of the Advisory Board until 
a qualified successor has been appointed and 
confirmed by the Senate. 
‘‘(D) SECRETARY OF STATE.—When there 
is a vacancy in the office of Secretary of State, 
the Acting Secretary of State shall serve as a 
member of the Advisory Board until a new Sec-
retary of State is appointed.’’;
1337 
(2) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub-
section (c); 
(3) by amending subsection (c), as redesig-
nated— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by inserting 
‘‘ADVISORY’’ before ‘‘BOARD’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘who 
are’’ before ‘‘distinguished’’; and 
(4) by striking subsections (e) and (f) and in-
serting the following new subsections: 
‘‘(d) FUNCTIONS OF THE ADVISORY BOARD.—The 
members of the Advisory Board shall— 
‘‘(1) provide the Chief Executive Officer of the 
United States Agency for Global Media with advice 
and recommendations for improving the effectiveness 
and efficiency of the Agency and its programming; 
‘‘(2) meet with the Chief Executive Officer at 
least four times annually, including twice in person 
as practicable, and at additional meetings at the re-
quest of the Chief Executive Officer or the Chair of 
the Advisory Board; 
‘‘(3) report periodically, or upon request, to the 
congressional committees specified in subsection 
(c)(2) regarding its advice and recommendations for 
improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the
1338 
United States Agency for Global Media and its pro-
gramming; 
‘‘(4) obtain information from the Chief Execu-
tive Officer, as needed, for the purposes of fulfilling 
the functions described in this subsection; 
‘‘(5) consult with the Chief Executive Officer 
regarding budget submissions and strategic plans 
before they are submitted to the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget or to Congress; 
‘‘(6) advise the Chief Executive Officer to en-
sure that— 
‘‘(A) the Chief Executive Officer fully re-
spects the professional integrity and editorial 
independence of United States Agency for Glob-
al Media broadcasters, networks, and grantees; 
and 
‘‘(B) agency networks, broadcasters, and 
grantees adhere to the highest professional 
standards and ethics of journalism, including 
taking necessary actions to uphold professional 
standards to produce consistently reliable and 
authoritative, accurate, objective, and com-
prehensive news and information; and 
‘‘(7) provide other strategic input to the Chief 
Executive Officer.
1339 
‘‘(e) APPOINTMENT OF HEADS OF NETWORKS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The heads of Voice of 
America, the Office of Cuba Broadcasting, RFE/RL, 
Inc., Radio Free Asia, the Middle East Broadcasting 
Networks, the Open Technology Fund, or of any 
other grantee authorized under this title may only be 
appointed or removed if such action has been ap-
proved by a majority vote of the Advisory Board. 
‘‘(2) REMOVAL.—After consulting with the 
Chief Executive Officer, five or more members of the 
Advisory Board may unilaterally remove any such 
head of network or grantee network described in 
paragraph (1). 
‘‘(3) QUORUM.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A quorum shall con-
sist of four members of the Advisory Board (ex-
cluding the Secretary of State). 
‘‘(B) DECISIONS.—Except as provided in 
paragraph (2), decisions of the Advisory Board 
shall be made by majority vote, a quorum being 
present. 
‘‘(C) CLOSED
SESSIONS.—The Advisory 
Board may meet in closed sessions in accord-
ance with section 552b of title 5, United States 
Code.
1340 
‘‘(f) COMPENSATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Members of the Advisory 
Board, while attending meetings of the Advisory 
Board or while engaged in duties relating to such 
meetings or in other activities of the Advisory Board 
under this section (including travel time) shall be en-
titled to receive compensation equal to the daily 
equivalent of the compensation prescribed for level 
IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of 
title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(2) TRAVEL
EXPENSES.—While away from 
their homes or regular places of business, members 
of the Board may be allowed travel expenses, includ-
ing per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized 
under section 5703 of such title for persons in the 
Government service employed intermittently. 
‘‘(3) SECRETARY OF STATE.—The Secretary of 
State is not entitled to any compensation under this 
title, but may be allowed travel expenses in accord-
ance with paragraph (2). 
‘‘(g) SUPPORT STAFF.—The Chief Executive Officer 
shall, from within existing United States Agency for Glob-
al Media personnel, provide the Advisory Board with an 
Executive Secretary and such administrative staff and
1341 
support as may be necessary to enable the Advisory Board 
to carry out subsections (d) and (e).’’. 
(e) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The United States 
International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6201 
et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 304— 
(A) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘BROADCASTING BOARD OF GOVERNORS’’ 
and inserting ‘‘UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR 
GLOBAL MEDIA’’; 
(B) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Broad-
casting Board of Governors’’ and inserting 
‘‘United States Agency for Global Media’’; 
(C) in subsection (b)(1), by striking 
‘‘Broadcasting Board of Governors’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘United States Agency for Global Media’’; 
and 
(D) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
each place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; 
(2) in section 305— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
(i) in paragraph (6), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’;
1342 
(ii) in paragraph (13), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(iii) in paragraph (20), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; and 
(iv) in paragraph (22), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
each place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; 
(3) in section 308— 
(A) in subsection (a), in the matter pre-
ceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Board’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
each place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; 
(C) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(D) in subsection (g), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
each place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; 
(E) in subsection (h)(5), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; and 
(F) in subsection (i), in the first sentence, 
by striking ‘‘Board’’ and inserting ‘‘Agency’’;
1343 
(4) in section 309— 
(A) in subsection (c)(1), by striking 
‘‘Board’’ each place such term appears and in-
serting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(B) in subsection (e), in the matter pre-
ceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Board’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(C) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
each place such term appears and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; and 
(D) in subsection (g), by striking ‘‘Board’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(5) in section 310(d), by striking ‘‘Board’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(6) in section 310A(a), by striking ‘‘Broad-
casting Board of Governors’’ and inserting ‘‘United 
States Agency for Global Media’’; 
(7) in section 310B, by striking ‘‘Board’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Agency’’; 
(8) by striking section 312; 
(9) in section 313(a), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Board’’ and inserting 
‘‘Agency’’; 
(10) in section 314—
1344 
(A) by striking ‘‘(4) the terms ‘Board and 
Chief Executive Officer of the Board’ means 
the Broadcasting Board of Governors’’ and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(2) the terms ‘Agency’ and ‘Chief Executive 
Officer of the Agency’ mean the United States Agen-
cy for Global Media and the Chief Executive Officer 
of the United States Agency for Global Media, re-
spectively,’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘includes—’’ and in-
serting ‘‘means the corporation having the 
corporate title described in section 308’’; 
and 
(ii) by striking subparagraphs (A) and 
(B); and 
(11) in section 316— 
(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking 
‘‘Broadcasting Board of Governors’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘United States Agency for Global Media’’; 
and 
(B) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘Broad-
casting Board of Governors’’ and inserting 
‘‘United States Agency for Global Media’’.
1345 
(f) RULEMAKING.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, the United States Agency for Global Media 
may not revise part 531 of title 22, Code of Federal Regu-
lations, which took effect on June 11, 2020, without ex-
plicit authorization by an Act of Congress. 
(g) SAVINGS
PROVISIONS.—Section 310 of the 
United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 
U.S.C. 6209) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subsections: 
‘‘(f) MAINTENANCE
OF
PROPRIETARY
INFORMA-
TION.—No consolidation of grantees authorized under 
subsection (a) involving any grantee shall result in any 
legal transfer of ownership of any proprietary information 
or intellectual property to the United State Agency for 
Global Media or any other Federal entity. 
‘‘(g) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—No consolidation of 
grantees authorized under subsection (a) shall result in 
the consolidation of the Open Technology Fund or any 
successor entity with any other grantee.’’. 
(h) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in the 
United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 or 
any other provision of law may be construed to make the 
Open Technology Fund an entity authorized under such 
Act until the effective date of legislation authorizing the 
establishment of the Open Technology Fund.
1346 
SEC. 1292. DETERMINATION AND IMPOSITION OF SANC-
TIONS WITH RESPECT TO TURKEY’S ACQUISI-
TION OF THE S–400 AIR AND MISSILE DE-
FENSE SYSTEM. 
(a) FINDINGS AND SENSE OF CONGRESS.— 
(1) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following 
findings: 
(A) The Government of Turkey acquired 
the S–400 air and missile defense system from 
the Russian Federation beginning on July 12, 
2019. 
(B) Such acquisition was facilitated by 
Turkey’s Presidency of Defense Industries 
(SSB). 
(2) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of 
Congress that it is in the national security interest 
of the United States— 
(A) to deter aggression against North At-
lantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies by 
the Russian Federation or any other adversary; 
(B) to continue to work with NATO allies 
to ensure they meet their alliance defense com-
mitments, including through adequate and effi-
cient investments in national defense; 
(C) to work to maintain and strengthen 
the democratic institutions and practices of all
1347 
NATO allies, in accordance with the goals of 
Article 2 of the North Atlantic Treaty; 
(D) to ensure that Turkey remains a crit-
ical NATO ally and important military partner 
for the United States, contributing to key 
NATO and United States missions and pro-
viding support for United States military oper-
ations and logistics needs; 
(E) to assist NATO allies in acquiring and 
deploying modern, NATO-interoperable military 
equipment and reducing their dependence on 
Russian or former Soviet-era defense articles; 
(F) to promote opportunities to strengthen 
the capacity of NATO member states to 
counter Russian malign influence; and 
(G) to enforce fully the Countering Amer-
ica’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Pub-
lic Law 115–44; 22 U.S.C. 9401 et seq.), in-
cluding by imposing sanctions with respect to 
any person that the President determines know-
ingly engaged in a significant transaction with 
a person that is part of, or operates for or on 
behalf of, the defense or intelligence sectors of 
the Government of the Russian Federation, as 
described in section 231 of that Act.
1348 
(b) DETERMINATION.—The acquisition by the Gov-
ernment of Turkey of the S–400 air and missile defense 
system from the Russian Federation beginning on July 
12, 2019, shall constitute a significant transaction as de-
scribed in section 231 of the Countering America’s Adver-
saries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9525). 
(c) SANCTIONS.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall im-
pose five or more of the sanctions described in section 235 
of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanc-
tions Act (22 U.S.C. 9529) with respect to the Govern-
ment of Turkey’s acquisition of the S–400 air and missile 
defense system from the Russian Federation. 
(d) EXCEPTION RELATING
TO IMPORTATION
OF 
GOODS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other 
provision of this section, the authorities and require-
ments to impose sanctions under this section shall 
not include the authority or a requirement to impose 
sanctions on the importation of goods. 
(2) GOOD
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the 
term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or man- 
made substance, material, supply or manufactured 
product, including inspection and test equipment, 
and excluding technical data.
1349 
(e) TERMINATION.—The President may terminate 
the imposition of sanctions required under this section 
with respect to a person if the President submits to the 
appropriate congressional committees a certification 
that— 
(1) the Government of Turkey and any person 
acting on its behalf no longer possesses the S–400 
air and missile defense system and no such system 
or successor system is operated or maintained by 
Russian nationals, or persons acting on behalf of the 
Government of the Russian Federation, in Turkey; 
and 
(2) the President has received reliable assur-
ances from the Government of Turkey that the Gov-
ernment of Turkey will not knowingly engage, or 
allow any foreign person to engage on its behalf, in 
any activity subject to sanctions under section 231 
of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act in the future.
1350 
SEC. 1293. REPORT ON INCIDENTS OF ARBITRARY DETEN-
TION, VIOLENCE, AND STATE-SANCTIONED 
HARASSMENT 
BY 
THE 
GOVERNMENT 
OF 
EGYPT AGAINST UNITED STATES CITIZENS 
AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS WHO ARE NOT 
UNITED STATES CITIZENS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
incidents of arbitrary detention, violence, and state-sanc-
tioned harassment by the Government of Egypt against 
United States citizens and their family members who are 
not United States citizens, in both Egypt and in the 
United States. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A detailed description of such incidents in 
the past three years. 
(2) A certification of whether such incidents 
constitute a ‘‘pattern of acts of intimidation or har-
assment’’ for purposes of a Presidential determina-
tion in accordance with section 6 of the Arms Ex-
port Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2756). 
(3) A statement of the Secretary of State’s in-
tent with regard to cancelling or suspending any let-
1351 
ters of offer, credits, guarantees, or export licenses 
accorded to the Government of Egypt in accordance 
with the provisions of section 6 of such Act. 
(4) Any other actions taken to meaningfully 
deter incidents of intimidation or harassment 
against Americans and their families by such gov-
ernment’s security agencies. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but the portions 
of the report described in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of 
subsection (b) may contain a classified annex, so long as 
such annex is provided separately from the unclassified re-
port. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate. 
SEC. 1294. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE OPEN TECHNOLOGY 
FUND. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that it is in the interest of the United States to pro-
1352 
mote global internet freedom by countering internet cen-
sorship and repressive surveillance and protect the inter-
net as a platform for the free exchange of ideas, promotion 
of human rights and democracy, and advancement of a 
free press and to support efforts that prevent the delib-
erate misuse of the internet to repress individuals from 
exercising their rights to free speech and association, in-
cluding countering the use of such technologies by authori-
tarian regimes. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—The United States Inter-
national Broadcasting Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6201 et 
seq.) is amended by inserting after section 309 the fol-
lowing new section: 
‘‘SEC. 309A. OPEN TECHNOLOGY FUND. 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Grants authorized under 
section 305 shall be available to make annual grants 
for the purpose of promoting, consistent with United 
States law, unrestricted access to uncensored 
sources of information via the internet to enable 
journalists, including journalists employed by or af-
filiated with the Voice of America, Radio Free Eu-
rope/Radio Liberty, Radio Free Asia, the Middle 
East Broadcasting Networks, the Office of Cuba 
Broadcasting, or any entity funded by or partnering
1353 
with the United States Agency for Global Media, to 
create and disseminate, and for their audiences to 
receive, news and information consistent with the 
purposes, standards, and principles specified in sec-
tions 302 and 303. 
‘‘(2) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a 
grantee entity to be known as the ‘Open Technology 
Fund’, which shall carry out the provisions of this 
section. 
‘‘(b) FUNCTIONS OF THE GRANTEE.—In furtherance 
of the mission set forth in subsection (a), the Open Tech-
nology Fund shall seek to advance freedom of the press 
and unrestricted access to the internet in repressive envi-
ronments oversees, and shall— 
‘‘(1) research, develop, implement, and main-
tain— 
‘‘(A) technologies that circumvent tech-
niques used by authoritarian governments, 
nonstate actors, and others to block or censor 
access to the internet, including circumvention 
tools that bypass internet blocking, filtering, 
and other censorship techniques used to limit or 
block legitimate access to content and informa-
tion; and
1354 
‘‘(B) secure communication tools and other 
forms of privacy and security technology that 
facilitate the creation and distribution of news 
and enable audiences to access media content 
on censored websites; 
‘‘(2) advance internet freedom by supporting 
private and public sector research, development, im-
plementation, and maintenance of technologies that 
provide secure and uncensored access to the internet 
to counter attempts by authoritarian governments, 
nonstate actors, and others to improperly restrict 
freedom online; 
‘‘(3) research and analyze emerging technical 
threats and develop innovative solutions through col-
laboration with the private and public sectors to 
maintain the technological advantage of the United 
States Government over authoritarian governments, 
nonstate actors, and others; 
‘‘(4) develop, acquire, and distribute requisite 
internet freedom technologies and techniques for the 
United States Agency for Global Media, including as 
set forth in paragraph (1), and digital security inter-
ventions, to fully enable the creation and distribution 
of digital content between and to all users and re-
gional audiences;
1355 
‘‘(5) prioritize programs for countries the gov-
ernments of which restrict freedom of expression on 
the internet, and that are important to the national 
interest of the United States, and are consistent 
with section 7050(b)(2)(C) of the Further Consoli-
dated Appropriations Act, 2020 (Public Law 116– 
94); and 
‘‘(6) carry out any other effort consistent with 
the purposes of this Act or press freedom overseas 
if requested or approved by the United States Agen-
cy for Global Media. 
‘‘(c) METHODOLOGY.—In carrying out subsection 
(b), the Open Technology Fund shall— 
‘‘(1) support fully open-source tools, code, and 
components, to the extent practicable, to ensure 
such supported tools and technologies are as secure, 
transparent, and accessible as possible, and require 
that any such tools, components, code, or technology 
supported by the Open Technology Fund remain 
fully open-source, to the extent practicable; 
‘‘(2) support technologies that undergo com-
prehensive security audits to ensure that such tech-
nologies are secure and have not been compromised 
in a manner detrimental to the interest of the 
United States or to individuals and organizations
1356 
benefitting from programs supported by the Open 
Technology Fund; 
‘‘(3) review and update periodically as nec-
essary security auditing procedures used by the 
Open Technology Fund to reflect current industry 
security standards; 
‘‘(4) establish safeguards to mitigate the use of 
such supported technologies for illicit purposes; 
‘‘(5) solicit project proposals through an open, 
transparent, and competitive application process to 
attract innovative applications and reduce barriers to 
entry; 
‘‘(6) seek input from technical, regional, and 
subject matter experts from a wide range of relevant 
disciplines, to review, provide feedback, and evaluate 
proposals to ensure the most competitive projects 
are funded; 
‘‘(7) implement an independent review process, 
through which proposals are reviewed by such ex-
perts to ensure the highest degree of technical re-
view and due diligence; 
‘‘(8) maximize cooperation with the public and 
private sectors, as well as foreign allies and partner 
countries, to maximize efficiencies and eliminate du-
plication of efforts; and
1357 
‘‘(9) utilize any other methodology approved by 
the United States Agency for Global Media in fur-
therance of the mission of the Open Technology 
Fund. 
‘‘(d) GRANT AGREEMENT.—Any grant agreement 
with or grants made to the Open Technology Fund under 
this section shall be subject to the following limitations 
and restrictions: 
‘‘(1) The headquarters of the Open Technology 
Fund and its senior administrative and managerial 
staff shall be located in a location which ensures 
economy, operational effectiveness, and account-
ability to the United States Agency for Global 
Media. 
‘‘(2) Grants awarded under this section shall be 
made pursuant to a grant agreement which requires 
that grant funds be used only for activities con-
sistent with this section, and that failure to comply 
with such requirements shall permit the grant to be 
terminated without fiscal obligation to the United 
States. 
‘‘(3) Any grant agreement under this section 
shall require that any contract entered into by the 
Open Technology Fund shall specify that all obliga-
1358 
tions are assumed by the grantee and not by the 
United States Government. 
‘‘(4) Any grant agreement under this section 
shall require that any lease agreements entered into 
by the Open Technology Fund shall be, to the max-
imum extent possible, assignable to the United 
States Government. 
‘‘(5) Administrative and managerial costs for 
operation of the Open Technology Fund should be 
kept to a minimum and, to the maximum extent fea-
sible, should not exceed the costs that would have 
been incurred if the Open Technology Fund had 
been operated as a Federal entity rather than as a 
grantee. 
‘‘(6) Grant funds may not be used for any ac-
tivity the purpose of which is influencing the passage 
or defeat of legislation considered by Congress. 
‘‘(e) RELATIONSHIP TO THE UNITED STATES AGEN-
CY FOR GLOBAL MEDIA.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Open Technology 
Fund shall be subject to the same oversight and gov-
ernance by the United States Agency for Global 
Media as other grantees of the Agency as set forth 
in section 305.
1359 
‘‘(2) ASSISTANCE.—The United States Agency 
for Global Media, its broadcast entities, and the 
Open Technology Fund should render assistance to 
each other as may be necessary to carry out the pur-
poses of this section or any other provision of this 
Act. 
‘‘(3) NOT A FEDERAL AGENCY OR INSTRUMEN-
TALITY.—Nothing in this section may be construed 
to make the Open Technology Fund a Federal agen-
cy or instrumentality. 
‘‘(4) 
DETAILEES.—Under 
the 
Intergovern-
mental Personnel Act, employees of a grantee of the 
United States Agency for Global Media may be de-
tailed to the Agency, and Federal employees may be 
detailed to a grantee of the United States Agency 
for Global Media. 
‘‘(f) RELATIONSHIP
TO OTHER UNITED STATES 
GOVERNMENT-FUNDED
INTERNET
FREEDOM
PRO-
GRAMS.—The United States Agency for Global Media 
shall ensure that internet freedom research and develop-
ment projects of the Open Technology Fund are coordi-
nated with internet freedom programs of the Department 
of State and other relevant United States Government de-
partments, in order to share information and best-prac-
1360 
tices relating to the implementation of subsections (b) and 
(c). 
‘‘(g) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(1) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Open Technology 
Fund shall highlight, in its annual report, internet 
freedom activities, including a comprehensive assess-
ment of the Open Technology Fund’s activities relat-
ing to the implementation of subsections (b) and (c). 
Each such report shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) An assessment of the current state of 
global internet freedom, including trends in cen-
sorship and surveillance technologies and inter-
net shutdowns, and the threats such pose to 
journalists, citizens, and human rights and 
civil-society organizations. 
‘‘(B) A description of the technology 
projects supported by the Open Technology 
Fund and the associated impact of such 
projects in the prior year, including the coun-
tries and regions in which such technologies 
were deployed, and any associated metrics indi-
cating audience usage of such technologies, as 
well as future-year technology project initia-
tives.
1361 
‘‘(2) ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF 
THE OPEN TECHNOLOGY FUND.—Not later than 2 
years after the date of the enactment of this section, 
the Inspector General of the Department of State 
and the Foreign Service shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report on the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(A) Whether the Open Technology Fund 
is technically sound and cost effective. 
‘‘(B) Whether the Open Technology Fund 
is satisfying the requirements of this section. 
‘‘(C) The extent to which the interests of 
the United States are being served by maintain-
ing the work of the Open Technology Fund. 
‘‘(h) AUDIT AUTHORITIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Financial transactions of 
the Open Technology Fund, as such relate to func-
tions carried out under this section, may be audited 
by the Government Accountability Office in accord-
ance with such principles and procedures and under 
such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by 
the Comptroller General of the United States. Any 
such audit shall be conducted at the place or places 
at which accounts of the Open Technology Fund are 
normally kept.
1362 
‘‘(2) ACCESS
BY
GAO.—The Government Ac-
countability Office shall have access to all books, ac-
counts, records, reports, files, papers, and property 
belonging to or in use by the Open Technology Fund 
pertaining to financial transactions as may be nec-
essary to facilitate an audit. The Government Ac-
countability Office shall be afforded full facilities for 
verifying transactions with any assets held by de-
positories, fiscal agents, and custodians. All such 
books, accounts, records, reports, files, papers, and 
property of the Open Technology Fund shall remain 
in the possession and custody of the Open Tech-
nology Fund. 
‘‘(3) EXERCISE
OF
AUTHORITIES.—Notwith-
standing any other provision of law, the Inspector 
General of the Department of State and the Foreign 
Service is authorized to exercise the authorities of 
the Inspector General Act of 1978 with respect to 
the Open Technology Fund.’’. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The United States 
International Broadcasting Act of 1994 is amended— 
(1) in section 304(d) (22 U.S.C. 6203(d)), by 
inserting ‘‘the Open Technology Fund,’’ before ‘‘the 
Middle East Broadcasting Networks’’;
1363 
(2) in sections 305 and 310 (22 U.S.C. 6204 
and 6209), by inserting ‘‘the Open Technology 
Fund,’’ before ‘‘or the Middle East Broadcasting 
Networks’’ each place such term appears; and 
(3) in section 310 (22 U.S.C. 6209), by insert-
ing ‘‘the Open Technology Fund,’’ before ‘‘and the 
Middle East Broadcasting Networks’’ each place 
such term appears. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated for the Open Technology 
Fund $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 to carry out sec-
tion 309A of the United States International Broadcasting 
Act of 1994, as added by subsection (b) of this section. 
(e) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Section 309A of the United 
States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (as added 
by subsection (b) of this section) and subsections (c) and 
(d) of this section shall take effect and apply beginning 
on July 1, 2021. 
SEC. 1295. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON PAYMENT OF AMOUNTS 
OWED BY KUWAIT TO UNITED STATES MED-
ICAL INSTITUTIONS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) at least 45 medical institutions in the 
United States have provided medical services to citi-
zens of Kuwait; and
1364 
(2) despite providing care for their citizens, Ku-
wait has not paid amounts owed to such United 
States medical institutions for such services in over 
2 years. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) Kuwait is an important partner of the 
United States in the Middle East and both countries 
should find ways to address irritants in the bilateral 
relationship; 
(2) the United States should seek a resolution 
with Kuwait regarding the outstanding amounts Ku-
wait owes to United States medical institutions for 
medical services provided to citizens of Kuwait, espe-
cially 
during 
the 
Coronavirus 
Disease 
2019 
(‘‘COVID–19’’) pandemic; and 
(3) Kuwait should immediately pay such out-
standing amounts owed to such United States med-
ical institutions. 
SEC. 1296. PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF INTER-
NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS 
DURING THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS PAN-
DEMIC. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to—
1365 
(1) encourage the protection and promotion of 
internationally recognized human rights at home and 
abroad at all times and especially during the novel 
coronavirus pandemic; 
(2) support freedom of expression and freedom 
of the press in the United States and elsewhere, 
which are critical to ensuring public dissemination 
of, and access to, accurate information about the 
novel coronavirus pandemic, including information 
authorities need to enact science-based policies that 
limit the spread and impact of the virus, while pro-
tecting human rights; 
(3) support multilateral efforts to address the 
novel coronavirus pandemic; and 
(4) oppose the use of the novel coronavirus pan-
demic as a justification for the enactment of laws 
and policies that use states of emergency to violate 
or otherwise restrict the human rights of citizens, in-
consistent with the principles of limitation and dero-
gation, and without clear scientific or public health 
justifications, including the coercive, arbitrary, dis-
proportionate, or unlawful use of surveillance tech-
nology. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that—
1366 
(1) the United States should lead the inter-
national community in its efforts to respond to the 
novel coronavirus pandemic; 
(2) the United States, in implementing emer-
gency policies at home and through its diplomacy, 
foreign assistance, and security cooperation, should 
promote the protection of internationally recognized 
human rights during and after the novel coronavirus 
pandemic; 
(3) foreign assistance and security cooperation 
provided by the Department of State, the United 
States 
Agency 
for 
International 
Development 
(USAID), and the Department of Defense, whether 
implemented directly or through nongovernmental 
organizations 
or 
international 
organizations, 
should— 
(A) support democratic institutions, civil 
society, free media, and other internationally 
recognized human rights during, and in the 
aftermath of, the novel coronavirus pandemic; 
(B) ensure attention to countries in which 
the government’s response to the pandemic vio-
lated human rights and democratic norms; and 
(C) incentivize foreign military and secu-
rity force units to abide by their human rights
1367 
obligations, and in no way contribute to human 
rights violations; and 
(4) in implementing emergency policies in re-
sponse to the novel coronavirus pandemic— 
(A) governments should fully respect and 
comply with internationally recognized human 
rights, including the rights to life, liberty, and 
security of the person, the freedoms of move-
ment, religion, speech, peaceful assembly, asso-
ciation, freedom of expression and of the press, 
and the freedom from arbitrary detention, dis-
crimination, or invasion of privacy; 
(B) emergency restrictions or powers that 
impact internationally recognized human rights, 
including the rights to freedom of assembly, as-
sociation, and movement should be— 
(i) grounded in law, narrowly tailored, 
proportionate, and necessary to the govern-
ment’s legitimate goal of ending the pan-
demic; 
(ii) limited in duration; 
(iii) clearly communicated to the pop-
ulation; 
(iv) subject to independent govern-
ment oversight; and
1368 
(v) implemented in a nondiscrim-
inatory and fully transparent manner; 
(C) governments— 
(i) should not place any limits or 
other restrictions on, or criminalize, the 
free flow of information; and 
(ii) should make all efforts to provide 
and maintain open access to the internet 
and other communications platforms; 
(D) emergency measures should not dis-
criminate against any segment of the popu-
lation, including minorities, vulnerable individ-
uals, and marginalized groups; 
(E) monitoring systems put in place to 
track and reduce the impact of the novel 
coronavirus should, at a minimum— 
(i) abide by privacy best practices in-
volving data anonymization and aggrega-
tion; 
(ii) be administered in an open and 
transparent manner; 
(iii) be scientifically justified and nec-
essary to limit the spread of disease;
1369 
(iv) be employed for a limited dura-
tion of time in correspondence with the 
system’s public health objective; 
(v) be subject to independent over-
sight; 
(vi) incorporate reasonable data secu-
rity measures; and 
(vii) be firewalled from other commer-
cial and governmental uses, such as law 
enforcement and the enforcement of immi-
gration policies; and 
(F) governments should take every feasible 
measure to protect the administration of free 
and fair elections. 
(c) REPORT ON COUNTERING DISINFORMATION.— 
Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other relevant 
Federal departments and agencies, shall submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report on all actions 
taken by the United States Government to counter 
disinformation and disseminate accurate information 
abroad related to the novel coronavirus pandemic. 
(d) REPORT ON HUMAN RIGHTS.—Not later than 90 
days after the date on which the World Health Organiza-
1370 
tion declares that the novel coronavirus pandemic has 
ended, and having consulted with the appropriate congres-
sional committees, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report that— 
(1) identifies the countries in which emergency 
measures or other legal actions taken in response to 
the novel coronavirus pandemic were inconsistent 
with the principles described in subsection (b)(4) or 
otherwise limited internationally recognized human 
rights in a manner inconsistent with the principles 
of limitation and derogation extended beyond the 
end of the novel coronavirus pandemic; 
(2) identifies the countries in which such meas-
ures or actions continued beyond the end of the 
novel coronavirus pandemic; 
(3) for the countries identified pursuant to 
paragraph (1), describes such emergency measures, 
including— 
(A) how such measures violated or seri-
ously undermined internationally recognized 
human rights; and 
(B) the impact of such measures on—
1371 
(i) the government’s efforts and abil-
ity to control the pandemic within the 
country; 
(ii) the population’s access to health 
care services; 
(iii) the population’s access to services 
for survivors of violence and abuse; 
(iv) women and ethnic, religious, sex-
ual, and other minority, vulnerable, or 
marginalized populations; and 
(v) military-to-military activities, exer-
cises, or joint operations, including the 
number and type of bilateral and multilat-
eral military events, cancelled or adjusted, 
the type of joint Special Security Agree-
ment or Security Cooperation activity, and 
the reason for cancellation; 
(4) describes— 
(A) any surveillance measures implemented 
or utilized by the governments of such countries 
as part of the novel coronavirus pandemic re-
sponse; 
(B) the extent to which such measures 
have been, or have not been, rolled back; and
1372 
(C) whether and how such measures im-
pact internationally recognized human rights; 
(5) indicates whether any foreign person or per-
sons within a country have been determined to have 
committed gross violations of internationally recog-
nized human rights during the novel coronavirus 
pandemic response, including a description of any 
resulting sanctions imposed on such persons under 
United States law; and 
(6) provides recommendations relating to the 
steps the United States Government should take, 
through diplomacy, foreign assistance, and security 
cooperation, to address the persistent issues related 
to internationally recognized human rights in the 
aftermath of the novel coronavirus pandemic. 
(e) CONDITIONING OF SECURITY SECTOR ASSIST-
ANCE.—Section 502B(a)(4) of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304(a)(4)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘or’’ at 
the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) has engaged in the systematic viola-
tion of internationally recognized human rights
1373 
through the use of emergency laws, policies, or 
administrative procedures.’’. 
(f) DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE GUIDANCE.—Not 
later 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense shall issue guidance that the pro-
gram of assessment, monitoring, and evaluation in support 
of the security cooperation programs and activities main-
tained by the Department of Defense in accordance with 
section 383 of title 10, United States Code, and intel-
ligence collections requirements of the combatant com-
mands shall include, for the next 5 fiscal years, indicators 
of whether partner security forces have taken advantage 
of the novel coronavirus pandemic and public health con-
trol measures to— 
(1) control, limit, or profit from the distribution 
or supply of medical supplies, food, water, and other 
essential goods; 
(2) undermine civilian and parliamentary con-
trol or oversight of security forces; 
(3) limit ability of civilian government authori-
ties to execute essential functions, including civilian 
policing, justice delivery, detentions, or other forms 
of essential community-level government service de-
livery;
1374 
(4) expand solicitation of bribes or compensa-
tion for use of or access to key transportation nodes 
or networks, including roadways and ports; 
(5) take control of media distribution or other-
wise limit the exercise of freedom of the press or dis-
tribution of radio, internet, or other broadcast 
media; 
(6) deepen religious or ethnic favoritism in de-
livery of security, justice, or other essential govern-
ment services; or 
(7) otherwise undermine or violate internation-
ally recognized human rights in any way determined 
of concern by the Secretary. 
(g) COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRAC-
TICES.—The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
as follows: 
(1) In section 116 (22 U.S.C. 2151n), by add-
ing at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(h) HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DUE TO MISUSE 
OF EMERGENCY POWERS
AND SURVEILLANCE TECH-
NOLOGY.—The report required by subsection (d) shall in-
clude, wherever applicable, a description of any misuse by 
the government of any country of any emergency powers 
or measures, or any development or proliferation of any 
surveillance technologies, that violated or seriously under-
1375 
mined internationally recognized human rights in a man-
ner inconsistent with the principles of limitation and dero-
gation, including the following information: 
‘‘(1) Any failure by the government of any 
country to clearly articulate the purpose of emer-
gency powers or measures, or to specify the duration 
of such powers or measures, or to notify the United 
Nations regarding the use of such powers, as re-
quired by applicable treaty. 
‘‘(2) Any failure by the government of any 
country to abide by the stated purposes of emer-
gency powers or measures, or to cease the use of 
such powers after any specified term expires. 
‘‘(3) Any violations by the government of any 
country of non-derogable rights due to the imple-
mentation of emergency powers or measures. 
‘‘(4) Any discriminatory implementation by the 
government of any country of emergency powers or 
measures, the populations affected, and the impact 
on such populations. 
‘‘(5) Any development or proliferation of sur-
veillance technologies, including new or emerging 
technologies used by the government of a country in 
the surveillance of civilian populations, that—
1376 
‘‘(A) fail to abide by privacy best practices 
involving data anonymization and aggregation; 
‘‘(B) are not administered in an open and 
transparent manner; 
‘‘(C) are not subject to independent over-
sight; and 
‘‘(D) fail to incorporate reasonable data se-
curity measures.’’. 
(2) In section 502B(b) (22 U.S.C. 2304(b)), 
by— 
(A) redesignating the second subsection (i) 
(relating to child marriage) as subsection (j); 
and 
(B) adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(k) HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DUE TO MISUSE 
OF EMERGENCY POWERS
AND SURVEILLANCE TECH-
NOLOGY.—The report required by subsection (b) shall in-
clude, wherever applicable, a description of any misuse by 
the government of any country of any emergency powers 
or measures, or any development or proliferation of any 
surveillance technologies, that violated or seriously under-
mined internationally recognized human rights in a man-
ner inconsistent with the principles of limitation and dero-
gation, including the following information:
1377 
‘‘(1) Any failure by the government of any 
country to clearly articulate the purpose of emer-
gency powers or measures, or to specify the duration 
of such powers or measures, or to notify the United 
Nations regarding the use of such powers, as re-
quired by applicable treaty. 
‘‘(2) Any failure by the government of any 
country to abide by the stated purposes of emer-
gency powers or measures, or to cease the use of 
such powers after any specified term expires. 
‘‘(3) Any violations by the government of any 
country of non-derogable rights due to the imple-
mentation of emergency powers or measures. 
‘‘(4) Any discriminatory implementation by the 
government of any country of emergency powers or 
measures, the populations affected, and the impact 
on such populations. 
‘‘(5) Any development or proliferation of sur-
veillance technologies, including new or emerging 
technologies used by the government of a country in 
the surveillance of civilian populations, that— 
‘‘(A) fail to abide by privacy best practices 
involving data anonymization and aggregation; 
‘‘(B) are not administered in an open and 
transparent manner;
1378 
‘‘(C) are not subject to independent over-
sight; and 
‘‘(D) fail to incorporate reasonable data se-
curity measures.’’. 
(h) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1297. REVIEW OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE COMPLI-
ANCE WITH ‘‘PRINCIPLES RELATED TO THE 
PROTECTION OF MEDICAL CARE PROVIDED 
BY IMPARTIAL HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZA-
TIONS DURING ARMED CONFLICTS’’. 
(a) STATEMENT OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) affirms the importance of United States 
leadership in ensuring global respect and protection 
for all health care workers, vehicles and equipment, 
and health care facilities, during times of armed con-
flict or other situations of violence;
1379 
(2) deeply regrets that health care workers, ve-
hicles and equipment, health care facilities, and the 
sick and wounded are too often attacked, assaulted 
or subjected to violence in and outside of situations 
of armed conflict, and expresses support for health 
care workers around the world providing impartial 
care in and outside of armed conflict; 
(3) affirms support for the right to freedom of 
assembly and rejects the targeting, harming, or en-
dangering of health care workers, vehicles or equip-
ment, health care facilities, or the sick and wounded 
during times of civil protest or unrest; and 
(4) urges the United States Government to 
strengthen its global leadership role to protect health 
care in armed conflict and other situations of vio-
lence, in accordance with the Geneva Conventions of 
1949 and United Nations Security Council Resolu-
tion 2286 of May 3, 2016, through— 
(A) United States diplomatic channels; 
(B) appropriately leveraging United States 
security cooperation to ensure that United 
States military partners protect health care; 
and 
(C) the development of practical guidance 
for the United State Armed Forces on pro-
1380 
tecting health care in armed conflict and other 
situations of violence. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States— 
(1) to ensure that Department of Defense or-
ders and military guidance are consistent with inter-
national humanitarian law recognized by the United 
States as binding by treaty or custom; and 
(2) to encourage United States military part-
ners to integrate similar measures to protect health 
care into the planning and conduct of operations. 
(c) REVIEW.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees the results of the review requested 
on October 3, 2016, by then Secretary of Defense 
Ashton Carter, of compliance of all relevant Depart-
ment of Defense orders, rules of engagement, direc-
tives, regulations, policies, practices, and procedures, 
with the ‘‘Principles Related to the Protection of 
Medical Care Provided by Impartial Humanitarian 
Organizations During Armed Conflicts’’.
1381 
(2) IF REVIEW NOT COMPLETED.—If such re-
view has not been completed, the Secretary of De-
fense— 
(A) shall complete the review in accordance 
with the original request; and 
(B) shall, not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, provide the 
results of the review to the appropriate congres-
sional committees. 
(3) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Such review 
shall include the following: 
(A) A description of the Department of 
Defense orders, rules of engagement, directives, 
regulations, policies, practices, and procedures 
that were reviewed, including checkpoint prac-
tices, hospital searches, precautions concerning 
attacks on health care facilities that have lost 
legal protection, treatment of the wounded and 
sick, or any other guidance, and training or 
standard operating procedures relating to the 
protection of health care during armed conflict. 
(B) An identification of any changes or ad-
justments to orders, guidance, policies, or pro-
cedures that were made as a result of such re-
1382 
view and a description of such changes or ad-
justments. 
(4) DEFINITION.—In this subsection, the term 
‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate. 
SEC. 1298. PROMOTING HUMAN RIGHTS IN COLOMBIA. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States recognizes Colombia as a 
key regional partner committed to promoting democ-
racy, human rights, and security and remains com-
mitted to supporting areas of mutual interest out-
lined under Plan Colombia; 
(2) no military or intelligence equipment or 
supplies transferred or sold to the Government of 
Colombia under United States security sector assist-
ance programs should be used for purposes of un-
lawful surveillance or intelligence gathering directed 
at the civilian population, including human rights
1383 
defenders, judicial personnel, journalists or the polit-
ical opposition; 
(3) the United States should encourage ac-
countability through full and transparent investiga-
tion, as appropriate, and prosecution under applica-
ble law of individuals in Colombia responsible for 
conducting unlawful surveillance or intelligence gath-
ering; and 
(4) the United States, through its diplomacy, 
foreign assistance, and United States security sector 
assistance programs, should consistently and at all 
times promote the protection of internationally-rec-
ognized human rights in Colombia, including by 
incentivizing the Colombian Government, its mili-
tary, police, security, and intelligence units, to abide 
by their human rights obligations. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of 
Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report that assesses allegations that 
United States security sector assistance provided to 
the Government of Colombia was used by or on be-
1384 
half of the Government of Colombia for purposes of 
unlawful surveillance or intelligence gathering di-
rected at the civilian population, including human 
rights defenders, judicial personnel, journalists, and 
the political opposition. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required by this subsection shall include the fol-
lowing: 
(A) A detailed summary of findings in re-
gard to any involvement by Colombian military, 
police, security, or intelligence units in unlawful 
surveillance or intelligence gathering directed at 
sectors of the civilian population and non-com-
batants from 2002 through 2018. 
(B) Any findings in regard to any unlawful 
surveillance or intelligence gathering alleged or 
reported to have been carried out by Colombian 
military, police, security, or intelligence units in 
2019 and 2020 and an assessment of the full 
extent of such activities, including identification 
of units involved, relevant chains of command, 
and the nature and objectives of such surveil-
lance or intelligence gathering. 
(C) A detailed description of any use of 
United States security sector assistance for
1385 
such unlawful surveillance or intelligence gath-
ering. 
(D) Full information on the steps taken by 
the Department of State, the Department of 
Defense, or the Office of the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence in response to any misuse or 
credible allegations of misuse of United States 
security sector assistance, including— 
(i) any application of section 620M of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2378d) or section 362 of title 10, 
United States Code (commonly referred to 
as the ‘‘Leahy Laws’’); 
(ii) any consideration of the imple-
mentation of mandatory ‘‘snap-back’’ of 
United States security assistance found to 
have been employed by the Colombian Gov-
ernment or any dependency thereof for 
such unlawful surveillance or intelligence 
gathering; and 
(iii) a description of measures taken 
to ensure that such misuse does not recur 
in the future. 
(E) Full information on the steps taken by 
the Colombian Government and all relevant Co-
1386 
lombian authorities in response to any misuse 
or credible allegations of misuse of United 
States security sector assistance, including a 
description of measures taken to ensure that 
such misuse of military or intelligence equip-
ment or supplies does not recur in the future. 
(F) An analysis of the adequacy of Colom-
bian military and security doctrine and training 
for ensuring that surveillance and intelligence 
gathering operations are conducted in accord-
ance with the Government of Colombia’s inter-
national human rights obligations and any addi-
tional assistance and training that the United 
States can provide to strengthen adherence by 
Colombian military and security forces to inter-
national human rights obligations. 
(3) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may include a classified annex. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Perma-
1387 
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
(2) INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The term 
‘‘intelligence community’’ has the meaning given 
that term in section 3(4) of the National Security 
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)). 
(3) UNITED STATES SECURITY SECTOR ASSIST-
ANCE.—The term ‘‘United States security sector as-
sistance’’ means a program authorized under— 
(A) section 502B of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304) and administered 
by the Department of State; 
(B) section 301 of title 10, United States 
Code, or any national defense authorization Act 
and administered by the Department of De-
fense; or 
(C) any law administered by the intel-
ligence community. 
(4) UNLAWFUL
SURVEILLANCE
OR
INTEL-
LIGENCE GATHERING.—The term ‘‘unlawful surveil-
lance or intelligence gathering’’ means surveillance 
or intelligence gathering—
1388 
(A) prohibited under applicable Colombian 
law or international law recognized by Colom-
bia; 
(B) undertaken without legally required ju-
dicial oversight, warrant or order; or 
(C) undertaken in violation of internation-
ally recognized human rights. 
SEC. 1299. WAIVER OF PASSPORT FEES FOR CERTAIN INDI-
VIDUALS. 
Section 1 of the Passport Act of June 4, 1920 (22 
U.S.C. 214) is amended, in the third sentence, by insert-
ing ‘‘from a family member of a member of the uniformed 
services proceeding abroad whose travel and transpor-
tation is provided under section 481h of title 37, United 
States Code;’’ after ‘‘funeral or memorial service for such 
member;’’. 
SEC. 1299A. REPORT ON VENEZUELA. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State and the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report regarding 
the political, economic, health, and humanitarian crisis in 
Venezuela, and its implications for United States national 
security and regional security and stability.
1389 
(b) ELEMENTS OF REPORT.—The report required by 
subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum, the following: 
(1) An assessment of how the multifaceted cri-
sis in Venezuela and the resulting migration of mil-
lions of citizens from Venezuela to neighboring coun-
tries, including Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and 
Peru, affects regional security and stability. 
(2) An assessment of whether, and to what de-
gree, the situation in Venezuela has affected drug 
trafficking trends in the region, including by cre-
ating a more permissive environment in Venezuela 
for drug trafficking organizations and other criminal 
actors to operate. 
(3) An assessment of the influence of external 
actors in Venezuela, including the Government of 
the People’s Republic of China, the Government of 
Cuba, the Government of Iran, and the Government 
of the Russian Federation. 
(4) An assessment of how, and to what degree, 
the COVID–19 pandemic in Venezuela has affected, 
or is likely to affect, the health and humanitarian 
situation in Venezuela and regional security and sta-
bility. 
(5) Any other matters the Secretary of State or 
Secretary of Defense determines should be included.
1390 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in both classified and unclassified form. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
House of Representatives; 
(3) the Subcommittee on State, Foreign Oper-
ations, and Related Programs of the Committee on 
Appropriations of the Senate and the Subcommittee 
on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs 
of the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives; and 
(4) the Subcommittee on Defense of the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Sub-
committee on Defense of the Committee on Appro-
priations of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1299B. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR AERIAL 
FUMIGATION. 
None of the amounts authorized to be appropriated 
or otherwise made available by this Act may be made
1391 
available to directly conduct aerial fumigation in Colombia 
unless there are demonstrated actions by the Government 
of Colombia to adhere to national and local laws and regu-
lations. 
SEC. 1299C. REPORT ON SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC RE-
FORMS BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RE-
PUBLIC OF GEORGIA. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the United States should— 
(1) support the Government of the Republic of 
Georgia’s continued development of democratic val-
ues, path to electoral reform, commitment to com-
bating corruption, and efforts to ensure the Geor-
gian private sector upholds internationally recog-
nized standards, including welcoming and protecting 
foreign direct investment; and 
(2) continue to work closely with the Govern-
ment of Georgia on defense and security cooperation 
to include increasing Georgia’s defense capabilities, 
interoperability with partner nations, adherence to 
the rules of war, and strengthening of defense insti-
tutions. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary
1392 
of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report that contains— 
(1) an analysis of whether or not the Govern-
ment of Georgia is taking effective steps to strength-
en democratic institutions in Georgia; and 
(2) an analysis of whether or not the Govern-
ment of Georgia is— 
(A) effectively implementing electoral re-
form; 
(B) respecting the independence of the ju-
diciary, including independence from legislative 
or executive interference; 
(C) effectively implementing the necessary 
policies to ensure accountability and trans-
parency, including unfettered access to public 
information; 
(D) protecting the rights of civil society, 
opposition political parties, and the independ-
ence of the media; and 
(E) any other matters the Secretary deter-
mines to be appropriate. 
SEC. 1299D. ASSESSMENT ON MODERNIZATION TARGETS OF 
THE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY. 
(a) ASSESSMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with relevant Federal departments and agencies,
1393 
shall prepare an assessment on the People’s Liberation 
Army of the People’s Republic of China 2035 moderniza-
tion targets that includes— 
(1) how such modernization could impact the 
effectiveness of Taiwan’s self-defense capabilities; 
(2) how such modernization could impact 
United States interests, including those articulated 
in the Taiwan Relations Act (22 U.S.C 3301 et. 
seq.) to maintain the capacity of the United States 
to resist any resort to force or other forms of coer-
cion that would jeopardize the security, or the social 
or economic system, of the people on Taiwan; and 
(3) any other matters the Secretary determines 
appropriate. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the en-
actment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
the assessment in a classified, written report to— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on 
Foreign Relations, and the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the Senate.
1394 
SEC. 1299E. MITIGATION AND PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES 
IN HIGH-RISK COUNTRIES. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States that the Department of State, in coordina-
tion with the Department of Defense and the United 
States Agency for International Development, should ad-
dress global fragility, as required by the Global Fragility 
Act of 2019 and, to the extent practicable, incorporate the 
prevention of atrocities and mitigation of fragility into se-
curity assistance and cooperation planning and implemen-
tation for covered foreign countries. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in con-
sultation with chiefs of mission and the Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Development, 
shall ensure that the Department of State’s Atrocity As-
sessment Framework is factored into the Integrated Coun-
try Strategy and the Country Development Cooperation 
Strategy where appropriate for covered foreign countries. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 
5 years, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report on its efforts to 
prevent atrocities in covered foreign countries. 
(d) 
STAKEHOLDER
CONSULTATION.—Consistent 
with section 504(b) of the Global Fragility Act of 2019 
(22 U.S.C. 9803(b)), the Secretary of State and other rel-
1395 
evant agencies may consult with credible representatives 
of civil society with experience in atrocities prevention and 
national and local governance entities, as well as relevant 
international development organizations with experience 
implementing programs in fragile and violence-affected 
communities, multilateral organizations and donors, and 
relevant private, academic, and philanthropic entities, as 
appropriate, in identifying covered foreign countries as de-
fined in this section. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate. 
(2) COVERED FOREIGN COUNTRY.—The term 
‘‘covered foreign country’’ means a foreign country 
that is not listed as a priority country under the 
Global Fragility Initiative but remains among the 
top 30 most at risk countries for new onset of mass 
killing, according to the Department of State’s inter-
1396 
nal assessments, and in consultation with the appro-
priate congressional committees. 
SEC. 1299F. RESUMPTION OF PEACE CORPS OPERATIONS. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the Peace Corps shall submit 
to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives a report that describes the efforts of the 
Peace Corps to— 
(1) offer a return to service to each Peace 
Corps volunteer and trainee whose service ended on 
March 15, 2020 (or earlier, in the case of volunteers 
who were serving China and Mongolia), due to the 
COVID–19 public health emergency; 
(2) obtain approval from countries, as is safe 
and appropriate, to return volunteers and trainees to 
countries of service, predicated on the ability for vol-
unteers and trainees to return safely and legally; 
(3) provide adequate measures necessary for 
the safety and health of volunteers and trainees and 
develop contingency plans in the event overseas oper-
ations are disrupted by future COVID–19 outbreaks; 
(4) develop and maintain a robust volunteer co-
hort; and
1397 
(5) identify the need for anticipated additional 
appropriations or new statutory authorities and 
changes in global conditions that would be necessary 
to achieve the goal of safely enrolling 7,300 Peace 
Corps volunteers during the 1-year period beginning 
on the date on which Peace Corps operations re-
sume. 
SEC. 1299G. TRANSFER OF EXCESS NAVAL VESSELS TO THE 
GOVERNMENT OF EGYPT. 
(a) TRANSFERS BY GRANT.—The President is au-
thorized to transfer to the Government of Egypt the OLI-
VER HAZARD PERRY class guided missile frigates ex- 
USS CARR (FFG–52) and ex-USS ELROD (FFG–55) 
on a grant basis under section 516 of the Foreign Assist-
ance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j) upon submitting to 
the appropriate congressional committees a certification 
described in subsection (b). 
(b) CERTIFICATION.—A certification described in this 
subsection is a certification of the following: 
(1) The President has received reliable assur-
ances that the Government of Egypt and any Egyp-
tian state-owned enterprise— 
(A) are not engaged in activity subject to 
sanctions under the Countering America’s Ad-
versaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law
1398 
115–44; 22 U.S.C. 9401 et seq.), including ac-
tivity related to Russian Su–35 warplanes; and 
(B) will not knowingly engage in activity 
subject to sanctions under such Act in the fu-
ture. 
(2) The Egyptian forces that will man the ves-
sels described in subsection (a) will be subject to the 
requirements of section 620M of the Foreign Assist-
ance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2378d) and section 
362 of title 10, United States Code (commonly re-
ferred to as the ‘‘Leahy laws’’), and to other human 
rights vetting requirements to ensure that United 
States-funded assistance is not provided to Egyptian 
security forces that have committed gross violations 
of internationally recognized human rights. 
(3) The President has received reliable assur-
ances that the vessels described in subsection (a) will 
not be used in any military operation in Libya or 
Libyan territorial waters, except for those operations 
conducted in coordination with the United States. 
(c) VIOLATIONS.—If the President determines after 
the transfer of a vessel described in subsection (a) that 
the conditions described in subsection (b) are no longer 
being met, the President shall apply the provisions of sec-
tion 3(c) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
1399 
2753(c)) with respect to Egypt to the same extent and 
in the same manner as if Egypt had committed a violation 
described in paragraph (1) of such section. 
(d) GRANTS NOT COUNTED IN ANNUAL TOTAL OF 
TRANSFERRED EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES.—The value 
of a vessel transferred to the Government of Egypt on a 
grant basis pursuant to authority provided under sub-
section (a) shall not be counted against the aggregate 
value of excess defense articles transferred in any fiscal 
year under section 516(g) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
2321j(g)). 
(e) COSTS OF TRANSFERS.—Notwithstanding section 
516(e) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 2321j(e)), any expense in-
curred by the United States in connection with a transfer 
authorized under subsection (a) shall be charged to the 
Government of Egypt. 
(f) REPAIR
AND
REFURBISHMENT
IN
UNITED 
STATES SHIPYARDS.—To the maximum extent prac-
ticable, the President shall require, as a condition of the 
transfer of a vessel under subsection (a), that the Govern-
ment of Egypt have such repair or refurbishment of the 
vessel as is needed, before the vessel joins the naval forces 
of Egypt, performed at a shipyard located in the United 
States, including a United States Navy shipyard.
1400 
(g) EXPIRATION OF AUTHORITY.—The authority to 
transfer a vessel under subsection (a) shall expire at the 
end of the 3-year period beginning on the date of the en-
actment of this Act. 
(h) REPORT.—Not later than 30 days before the 
transfer of a vessel described in subsection (a), the Presi-
dent shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report on how the transfer of the vessel will help 
to alleviate United States mission requirements in the 
Mediterranean Sea, the Bab el Mandeb Strait, and the 
Red Sea. 
(i) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate. 
SEC. 1299H. LIMITATION ON PRODUCTION OF NUCLEAR 
PROLIFERATION ASSESSMENT STATEMENTS. 
(a) LIMITATION.—The Secretary of State may not 
provide to the President, and the President may not sub-
mit to Congress, a Nuclear Proliferation Assessment 
Statement described in subsection (a) of section 123 of
1401 
the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2153) with 
respect to a proposed cooperation agreement with any 
country that has not signed and implemented an Addi-
tional Protocol with the International Atomic Energy 
Agency, other than a country with which, as of July 1, 
2020, there is in effect a civilian nuclear cooperation 
agreement pursuant to such section 123. 
(b) WAIVER.—The limitation under subsection (a) 
shall be waived with respect to a particular country if— 
(1) the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a request to enter into a 
proposed cooperation agreement with such country 
that includes a report describing the manner in 
which such agreement would advance the national 
security and defense interests of the United States 
and not contribute to the proliferation of nuclear 
weapons; and 
(2) there is enacted a joint resolution approving 
the waiver of such limitation with respect to such 
agreement. 
(c) FORM.—The report described in subsection (b) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include 
a classified annex.
1402 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(3) the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1299I. REPORT ON MEXICAN SECURITY FORCES. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after enact-
ment of this act, the Secretary of Defense and the Sec-
retary of State, in coordination with other appropriate of-
ficials, shall jointly submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report containing a comprehensive as-
sessment of ongoing support and a strategy for future co-
operation between the United States government and the 
Mexican security forces including the Mexican National 
Guard, federal, state, and municipal law enforcement. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report under 
subsection (a) shall include, at minimum, the following: 
(1) Department of Defense and Department of 
State strategy and timeline for assistance to Mexi-
1403 
can security forces, including detailed areas of as-
sistance and a plan to align the strategy with Mexi-
can government priorities. 
(2) Description of the transfer of U.S.-sup-
ported equipment from the Federal Police and 
armed forces to the National Guard, if any, and any 
resources originally provided for the Federal Police 
and armed forces that are now in use by the Na-
tional Guard. 
(3) Dollar amounts of any assistance provided 
or to be provided to each of the Mexican security 
forces, and any defense articles, training, and other 
services provided or to be provided to each of the 
Mexican security forces. 
(4) Department of Defense and Department of 
State plans for all U.S. training for Mexican secu-
rity forces, including training in human rights, prop-
er use of force, de-escalation, investigation and evi-
dence-gathering, community relations, and anti-cor-
ruption. 
(5) An assessment of the National Guard’s ad-
herence to human rights standards, including the 
adoption of measures to ensure accountability for 
human rights violations and the development of a 
human rights training curriculum.
1404 
(6) Department of Defense and Department of 
State plans to support external monitoring and 
strengthen internal control mechanisms within each 
of the Mexican security forces including the Mexican 
National Guard, federal, state, and municipal law 
enforcement, including the internal affairs unit. 
(7) Information on Mexico’s security budget 
and contributions to strengthening security coopera-
tion with the United States; and (8) Information on 
security assistance Mexico may be receiving from 
other countries. 
(c) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
may be submitted in classified form with an unclassified 
summary. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Armed Services 
Committee of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations and the Armed Services Com-
mittee of the Senate. 
SEC. 1299J. MATTERS RELATING TO COOPERATIVE THREAT 
REDUCTION PROGRAMS AND WEAPONS OF 
MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to ensure—
1405 
(1) to the extent practicable, the agents, precur-
sors, and materials needed to produce weapons of 
mass destruction are placed beyond the reach of ter-
rorist organizations and other malicious non-state 
actors; 
(2) the number of foreign states that possess 
weapons of mass destruction is declining; and 
(3) the global quantity of weapons of mass de-
struction and related materials is reduced. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) diplomatic outreach, threat reduction and 
foreign capacity-building programs, export controls, 
and the promotion of international treaties and 
norms are all essential elements of accomplishing the 
core national security mission of preventing, detect-
ing, countering, and responding to threats of weap-
ons of mass destruction terrorism; and 
(2) the potentially devastating consequences of 
weapons of mass destruction terrorism pose a sig-
nificant risk to United States national security. 
(c) REPORT ON LINES OF EFFORT TO IMPLEMENT 
POLICIES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an-
1406 
nually thereafter, the President, acting through the 
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the 
Secretary of Energy, and the Director of National 
Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report on each line of effort to 
implement the policies described in subsection (a) 
and the budgets required to implement each such 
line of effort effectively. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required by this subsection should include the fol-
lowing: 
(A) An assessment of nuclear, radiological, 
biological, and chemical terrorism and foreign 
state risks and other emerging risks facing the 
United States and its allies, including— 
(i) the status of foreign state, state- 
affiliated, and non-state actors efforts to 
acquire nuclear, radiological, biological, 
and chemical weapons and their intent to 
misuse weapons-related materials; 
(ii) any actions by foreign state, state- 
affiliated, and non-state actors employing 
weapons of mass destruction; 
(iii) an update on—
1407 
(I) the risk of biological threats, 
including the proliferation of biologi-
cal weapons, weapons components, 
and weapons-related materials, tech-
nology, and expertise to non-state ac-
tors; 
(II) the risk of accidental release 
of dangerous pathogens due to unsafe 
practices and facilities; and 
(III) the risk of uncontrolled nat-
urally occurring disease outbreaks 
that may pose a threat to the United 
States or its Armed Forces or allies; 
and 
(iv) the status of national efforts to 
meet obligations to provide effective secu-
rity and accounting for nuclear weapons 
and for all weapons-useable nuclear mate-
rials in foreign states that possess such 
weapons and materials. 
(B) A strategy to reduce the risk of nu-
clear, radiological, biological, and chemical ter-
rorism over the next five years, including— 
(i) ensuring, to the extent prac-
ticable—
1408 
(I) the agents, precursors, and 
materials needed to develop or acquire 
weapons of mass destruction are 
placed beyond the reach of terrorist 
organizations and other malicious 
non-state actors; 
(II) the number of foreign states 
that possess weapons of mass destruc-
tion is declining; and 
(III) the global quantity of weap-
ons of mass destruction and related 
materials is reduced; 
(ii) identifying and responding to 
technological trends that may enable ter-
rorist or state development, acquisition, or 
use of weapons of mass destruction; 
(iii) a plan to prevent the proliferation 
of biological weapons, weapons compo-
nents, and weapons-related materials, tech-
nology, and expertise, which shall include 
activities that facilitate detection and re-
porting of highly pathogenic diseases or 
other diseases that are associated with or 
that could be used as an early warning 
mechanism for disease outbreaks that
1409 
could affect the United States or its 
Armed Forces or allies, regardless of 
whether such diseases are caused by bio-
logical weapons; 
(iv) regional engagement to reduce 
nuclear, biological, and chemical risks; 
(v) engagement with foreign states, 
where possible, on security for nuclear 
weapons and weapons-useable nuclear and 
radioactive material, including protection 
against insider threats, strengthening of 
security culture, and support for security 
performance testing; and 
(vi) a recommendation to establish a 
joint Department of Defense and Depart-
ment of Energy program— 
(I) to assess the verification, se-
curity, and implementation require-
ments associated with potential future 
arms reduction or denuclearization ac-
cords, 
(II) identify gaps in existing and 
planned capabilities; and
1410 
(III) provide recommendations 
for developing needed capabilities to 
fill those gaps. 
(3) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(d) SENSE OF CONGRESS ON REVITALIZING INTER-
NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY PROGRAMS.—It is the 
sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States Government should ex-
pand and revitalize its international nuclear security 
programs, as necessary; 
(2) such an expanded nuclear security effort 
should seek to be comprehensive and close, to the ex-
tent possible, any gaps that exist in United States 
nuclear security programs; and 
(3) the Secretary of State should seek to co-
operate with as many foreign states with nuclear 
weapons, weapons-usable nuclear materials, or sig-
nificant nuclear facilities as possible to— 
(A) ensure protection against the full spec-
trum of plausible threats, including support for 
evaluating nuclear security threats and meas-
ures to protect against such threats, exchanging 
unclassified threat information, holding work-
1411 
shops with experts from each country, and hav-
ing teams review the adequacy of security 
against a range of threats; 
(B) establish comprehensive, multilayered 
protections against insider threats, including in- 
depth exchanges on good practices in insider 
threat protection, workshops, help with appro-
priate vulnerability assessments, and peer re-
view by expert teams; 
(C) 
establish 
targeted 
programs 
to 
strengthen nuclear security culture; 
(D) institute effective, regular vulnerability 
assessments and performance testing through 
workshops, peer observation of such activities in 
the United States, training, and description of 
approaches that have been effective; and 
(E) consolidate nuclear weapons and weap-
ons-usable nuclear materials to the minimum 
practical number of locations. 
(e) ASSESSMENT OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUC-
TION TERRORISM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State and the 
Secretary of Energy, shall seek to enter into an ar-
rangement with the National Academy of Sciences—
1412 
(A) to conduct an assessment of strategies 
of the United States for preventing, countering, 
and responding to nuclear, biological, and 
chemical terrorism assess and make rec-
ommendations to improve such strategies; and 
(B) submit to the Secretary of Defense a 
report that contains such assessment and rec-
ommendations. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The assess-
ment and recommendations required by paragraph 
(1) shall address the adequacy of strategies de-
scribed in such paragraph and identify technical, 
policy, and resource gaps with respect to— 
(A) identifying national and international 
nuclear, biological, and chemical risks and crit-
ical emerging threats; 
(B) preventing state-sponsored and non- 
state actors from acquiring or misusing the 
technologies, materials, and critical expertise 
needed to carry out nuclear, biological, and 
chemical attacks, including dual-use tech-
nologies, materials, and expertise; 
(C) countering efforts by state-sponsored 
and non-state actors to carry out such attacks;
1413 
(D) responding to nuclear, biological, and 
chemical terrorism incidents to attribute their 
origin and help manage their consequences; 
(E) budgets likely to be required to imple-
ment effectively such strategies; and 
(F) other important matters that are di-
rectly relevant to such strategies. 
(3) REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a copy of the report received 
by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(B). 
(B) FORM.—The report required by this 
paragraph shall be submitted in unclassified 
form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(4) FUNDING.— 
(A) 
INCREASE.—Notwithstanding 
the 
amounts set forth in the funding tables in divi-
sion D, the amount authorized to be appro-
priated in section 301 for research, develop-
ment, test, and evaluation, as specified in the 
corresponding funding table in section 4301, for 
Operations and Maintenance, Defense-wide, Co-
operative Threat Reduction, Line 10, is hereby
1414 
increased by $1,000,000 to carry out this sub-
section. 
(B) 
OFFSET.—Notwithstanding 
the 
amounts set forth in the funding tables in divi-
sion D, the amount authorized to be appro-
priated in section 301 for operation and main-
tenance as specified in the corresponding fund-
ing table in section 4301, for operation and 
maintenance, Air Force, admin & servicewide 
activities, servicewide communications, line 440, 
is hereby reduced by $1,000,000. 
(f) REPORT ON COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION 
PROGRAMS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an-
nually thereafter at the same time that the Presi-
dent submits the budget to Congress under section 
1105 of title 31, United States Code, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report on— 
(A) the programs of each Federal agency 
that are intended to reduce threat of nuclear, 
radiological, biological, and chemical weapons to 
the United States or its Armed Forces or allies;
1415 
(B) a description of the operations of such 
programs and how such programs advance the 
mission of reducing the threat of nuclear, radio-
logical, biological, and chemical weapons to the 
United States or its Armed Forces or allies; 
and 
(C) recommendations on how to evaluate 
the success of such programs, how to identify 
opportunities for collaboration between such 
programs, how to eliminate crucial gaps not 
filled by such programs, and how to ensure that 
such programs are complementary to other pro-
grams across the United States Government. 
(2) FORM.—The report required by this para-
graph shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(g) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and
1416 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and Select Committee on 
Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1299K. CERTIFICATION RELATING TO ASSISTANCE 
FOR GUATEMALA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Prior to the transfer of any equip-
ment by the Department of Defense to a joint task force 
of the Guatemalan military or national civilian police dur-
ing fiscal year 2021, the Secretary of Defense shall certify 
to the appropriate congressional committees that such 
ministries have made a credible commitment to use such 
equipment only for the uses for which they were intended. 
(b) ISSUING REGULATIONS.—Not later than 60 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development and 
the Secretary of Defense, as appropriate, shall issue regu-
lations requiring the inclusion of appropriate clauses for 
any new foreign assistance contracts, grants, and coopera-
tive agreements covering the transfer of equipment to the 
Guatemalan military or national civilian police, to ensure 
that any equipment provided by the Department of De-
fense to the Guatemalan military or national civilian police 
may be recovered if such equipment is used for purposes 
other than those purposes for which it was provided.
1417 
(c) EXCEPTIONS AND WAIVER.— 
(1) EXCEPTIONS.—Subsection (b) shall not 
apply to humanitarian assistance, disaster assist-
ance, or assistance to combat corruption. 
(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary of State or the 
Secretary of Defense, on a case by case basis, may 
waive the requirement under subsection (b) if the 
Secretary of State or the Secretary of Defense cer-
tifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
that such waiver is important to the national secu-
rity interests of the United States. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate.
1418 
SEC. 1299L. REPORT ON FOREIGN INFLUENCE CAMPAIGNS 
TARGETING UNITED STATES FEDERAL ELEC-
TIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than September 1, 
2021, and biennially thereafter, the Director of National 
Intelligence, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, 
the Secretary of State, and any other relevant Federal 
agency, shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report on foreign influence campaigns targeting 
United States Federal elections. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include an analysis of the 
following: 
(1) The patterns, tools, and techniques of for-
eign influence campaigns across all platforms and 
the country of origin of such campaigns. 
(2) The extent of inauthentic accounts and 
‘‘bot’’ networks across platforms, including the scale 
to which they exist, how platforms currently act to 
remove them, and what percentage have been re-
moved over the last year. 
(3) The reach of intentional or weaponized 
disinformation by inauthentic accounts and ‘‘bot’’ 
networks, including analysis of amplification by 
users and algorithmic distribution.
1419 
(4) The type of media that is being dissemi-
nated by the foreign influence campaign, including 
fabricated or falsified content and manipulated vid-
eos and photos, and the intended targeted groups. 
(5) The methods that have been used to miti-
gate engagement and remove content. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
should provide a briefing to congressional committees on 
the report required by subsection (a). 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on In-
telligence of the Senate. 
Subtitle H—Global Child Thrive 
Act of 2020 
SEC. 1299M–1. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Global Child 
Thrive Act of 2020’’.
1420 
SEC. 1299M–2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States Government should con-
tinue efforts to reduce child mortality rates and in-
crease attention on prevention efforts and early 
childhood development programs; 
(2) investments in early childhood development 
ensure healthy and well-developed future generations 
that contribute to a country’s stability, security and 
economic prosperity; 
(3) efforts to provide training and education on 
nurturing care could result in improved early child-
hood development outcomes and support healthy 
brain development; and 
(4) integration and cross-sector coordination of 
early childhood development programs is critical to 
ensure the efficiency, effectiveness, and continued 
implementation of such programs. 
SEC. 1299M–3. ASSISTANCE TO IMPROVE EARLY CHILD-
HOOD OUTCOMES GLOBALLY. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE.—Amounts au-
thorized to be appropriated to carry out section 135 in 
chapter 1 of part 1 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) for each of the fiscal years 2021 
through 2025 are authorized to be made available to sup-
port early childhood development activities in conjunction
1421 
with relevant, existing programming, such as water, sani-
tation and hygiene, maternal and child health, basic edu-
cation, nutrition and child protection. 
(b) ASSISTANCE TO IMPROVE EARLY CHILDHOOD 
INCOMES GLOBALLY.—Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 137. ASSISTANCE TO IMPROVE EARLY CHILDHOOD 
OUTCOMES GLOBALLY. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’ means— 
‘‘(A) the Committee on Appropriations of 
the Senate; 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate; 
‘‘(C) the Committee on Appropriations of 
the House of Representatives; and 
‘‘(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives. 
‘‘(2) EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT.—The 
term ‘early childhood development’ means the devel-
opment and learning of a child younger than 8 years 
of age, including physical, cognitive, social, and emo-
1422 
tional development and approaches to learning that 
allow a child to reach his or her full developmental 
potential. 
‘‘(3) EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT PRO-
GRAM.—The term ‘early childhood development pro-
gram’ means a program that ensures that every 
child has the conditions for healthy growth, nur-
turing family-based care, development and learning, 
and protection from violence, exploitation, abuse, 
and neglect, which may include— 
‘‘(A) a health, clean water, sanitation, and 
hygiene program that serves pregnant women, 
children younger than 5 years of age, and the 
parents of such children; 
‘‘(B) a nutrition program, combined with 
stimulating child development activity; 
‘‘(C) age appropriate cognitive stimulation, 
especially for newborns, infants, and toddlers, 
including an early childhood intervention pro-
gram for children experiencing at-risk situa-
tions, developmental delays, disabilities, and be-
havioral and mental health conditions; 
‘‘(D) an early learning (36 months and 
younger), preschool, and basic education pro-
1423 
gram for children until they reach 8 years of 
age or complete primary school; or 
‘‘(E) a child protection program, with an 
emphasis on the promotion of permanent, safe, 
and nurturing families, rather than placement 
in residential care or institutions, including for 
children with disabilities. 
‘‘(4) FEDERAL
DEPARTMENTS
AND
AGEN-
CIES.—The term ‘Federal departments and agencies’ 
means— 
‘‘(A) the Department of State; 
‘‘(B) the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development; 
‘‘(C) the Department of the Treasury; 
‘‘(D) the Department of Labor; 
‘‘(E) the Department of Education; 
‘‘(F) the Department of Agriculture; 
‘‘(G) the Department of Defense; 
‘‘(H) the Department of Health and 
Human Services, including— 
‘‘(i) the Centers for Disease Control 
and Prevention; and 
‘‘(ii) 
the 
National 
Institutes 
of 
Health;
1424 
‘‘(I) the Millennium Challenge Corpora-
tion; 
‘‘(J) the Peace Corps; and 
‘‘(K) any other department or agency spec-
ified by the President for the purposes of this 
section. 
‘‘(5) RESIDENTIAL CARE.—The term ‘residen-
tial care’ means care provided in any non-family- 
based group setting, including orphanages, transit or 
interim care centers, children’s homes, children’s vil-
lages or cottage complexes, group homes, and board-
ing schools used primarily for care purposes as an 
alternative to a children’s home. 
‘‘(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States— 
‘‘(1) to support early childhood development in 
relevant foreign assistance programs, including by 
integrating evidence-based, efficient, and effective 
interventions into relevant strategies and programs, 
in coordination with partner countries, other donors, 
international organizations, international financial 
institutions, local and international nongovernmental 
organizations, private sector partners, civil society, 
and faith-based and community-based organizations; 
and
1425 
‘‘(2) to encourage partner countries to lead 
early childhood development initiatives that include 
incentives for building local capacity for continued 
implementation and measurable results, by— 
‘‘(A) scaling up the most effective, evi-
dence-based, national interventions, including 
for the most vulnerable populations and chil-
dren with disabilities and developmental delays, 
with a focus on adaptation to country re-
sources, cultures, and languages; 
‘‘(B) designing, implementing, monitoring, 
and evaluating programs in a manner that en-
hances their quality, transparency, equity, ac-
countability, efficiency and effectiveness in im-
proving child and family outcomes in partner 
countries; and 
‘‘(C) utilizing and expanding innovative 
public-private financing mechanisms. 
‘‘(c) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this section, the Admin-
istrator of the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State, shall direct relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies—
1426 
‘‘(A) to incorporate, to the extent practical 
and relevant, early childhood development into 
foreign assistance programs to be carried out 
during the following 5 fiscal years; and 
‘‘(B) to promote inclusive early childhood 
development in partner countries. 
‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—In carrying out paragraph 
(1), the Administrator, the Secretary, and the heads 
of other relevant Federal departments and agencies 
as appropriate shall— 
‘‘(A) build on the evidence and priorities 
outlined in ‘Advancing Protection and Care for 
Children in Adversity: A U.S. Government 
Strategy for International Assistance 2019– 
2023’, published in June 2019 (referred to in 
this section as ‘APCCA’); 
‘‘(B) to the extent practicable, identify evi-
dence-based strategic priorities, indicators, out-
comes, and targets, particularly emphasizing 
the most vulnerable populations and children 
with disabilities and developmental delays, to 
support inclusive early childhood development; 
‘‘(C) support the design, implementation, 
and evaluation of pilot projects in partner coun-
1427 
tries, with the goal of taking such projects to 
scale; 
‘‘(D) support inclusive early childhood de-
velopment within all relevant sector strategies 
and public laws, including— 
‘‘(i) the Global Water Strategy re-
quired under section 136(j); 
‘‘(ii) the whole-of-government strategy 
required under section 5 of the Global 
Food Security Act of 2016 (22 U.S.C. 
9304 note); 
‘‘(iii) the Basic Education Strategy 
set forth in section 105(c); 
‘‘(iv) the U.S. Government Global Nu-
trition Coordination Plan, 2016–2021; and 
‘‘(v) APCCA; and others as appro-
priate; 
‘‘(E) improve coordination with foreign 
governments and international and regional or-
ganizations with respect to official country poli-
cies and plans to improve early childhood devel-
opment, maternal, newborn, and child health 
and nutrition care, basic education, water, sani-
tation and hygiene, and child protection plans 
which promote nurturing, appropriate, protec-
1428 
tive, and permanent family care, while reducing 
the percentage of children living in residential 
care or on the street; and 
‘‘(F) consult with partner countries, other 
donors, 
international 
organizations, 
inter-
national financial institutions, local and inter-
national nongovernmental organizations, private 
sector partners and faith-based and community- 
based organizations, as appropriate. 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 
THE STRATEGY.—The Special Advisor for Children in Ad-
versity shall include, in the annual report required under 
section 5 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulner-
able Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005 (22 
U.S.C. 2152g), which shall be submitted to the appro-
priate congressional committees and made publicly avail-
able, a description of— 
‘‘(1) the progress made toward integrating early 
childhood development interventions into relevant 
strategies and programs; 
‘‘(2) the efforts made by relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies to implement subsection (c), 
with a particular focus on the activities described in 
such subsection;
1429 
‘‘(3) the progress achieved during the reporting 
period toward meeting the goals, objectives, bench-
marks, described in subsection (c); and 
‘‘(4) the progress achieved during the reporting 
period toward meeting the goals, objectives, bench-
marks, and timeframes described in subsection (c) at 
the program level, along with specific challenges or 
gaps that may require shifts in targeting or financ-
ing in the following fiscal year. 
‘‘(e) INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE.—The Special Advi-
sor for Assistance to Orphans and Vulnerable Children 
should regularly convene an interagency task force, to co-
ordinate— 
‘‘(1) intergovernmental and interagency moni-
toring, evaluation, and reporting of the activities 
carried out pursuant to this section; 
‘‘(2) early childhood development initiatives 
that include children with a variety of needs and cir-
cumstances; and 
‘‘(3) United States Government early childhood 
development programs, strategies, and partnerships 
across relevant Federal departments and agencies.’’.
1430 
SEC. 1299M–4. SPECIAL ADVISOR FOR ASSISTANCE TO OR-
PHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN. 
Section 135(e)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152f(e)(2)) is amended— 
(1) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(A) Coordinate assistance to orphans and 
other vulnerable children among the relevant 
Executive branch agencies and officials.’’; and 
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘the var-
ious offices, bureaus, and field missions within the 
United States Agency for International Develop-
ment’’ and inserting ‘‘the relevant Executive branch 
agencies and officials’’. 
SEC. 1299M–5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in the amendments made by this subtitle 
may be construed to restrict or abrogate any other author-
ization for United States Agency for International Devel-
opment activities or programs. 
Subtitle I—Global Health Security 
Act of 2020 
SEC. 1299N–1. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Global Health Se-
curity Act of 2020’’.
1431 
SEC. 1299N–2. GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA INTER-
AGENCY REVIEW COUNCIL. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish 
a Global Health Security Agenda Interagency Review 
Council (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Council’’) to 
perform the general responsibilities described in sub-
section (c) and the specific roles and responsibilities de-
scribed in subsection (e). 
(b) MEETINGS.—The Council shall meet not less than 
four times per year to advance its mission and fulfill its 
responsibilities. 
(c) GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Council shall 
be responsible for the following activities: 
(1) Provide policy-level recommendations to 
participating agencies on Global Health Security 
Agenda (GHSA) goals, objectives, and implementa-
tion. 
(2) Facilitate interagency, multi-sectoral en-
gagement to carry out GHSA implementation. 
(3) Provide a forum for raising and working to 
resolve interagency disagreements concerning the 
GHSA. 
(4)(A) Review the progress toward and work to 
resolve challenges in achieving United States com-
mitments under the GHSA, including commitments
1432 
to assist other countries in achieving the GHSA tar-
gets. 
(B) The Council shall consider, among other 
issues, the following: 
(i) The status of United States financial 
commitments to the GHSA in the context of 
commitments by other donors, and the con-
tributions of partner countries to achieve the 
GHSA targets. 
(ii) The progress toward the milestones 
outlined in GHSA national plans for those 
countries where the United States Government 
has committed to assist in implementing the 
GHSA and in annual work-plans outlining 
agency priorities for implementing the GHSA. 
(iii) The external evaluations of United 
States and partner country capabilities to ad-
dress infectious disease threats, including the 
ability to achieve the targets outlined within the 
WHO Joint External Evaluation (JEE) tool, as 
well as gaps identified by such external evalua-
tions. 
(d) PARTICIPATION.—The Council shall consist of 
representatives, serving at the Assistant Secretary level or 
higher, from the following agencies:
1433 
(1) The Department of State. 
(2) The Department of Defense. 
(3) The Department of Justice. 
(4) The Department of Agriculture. 
(5) The Department of Health and Human 
Services. 
(6) The Department of Labor. 
(7) The Department of Homeland Security. 
(8) The Office of Management and Budget. 
(9) The United States Agency for International 
Development. 
(10) The Environmental Protection Agency. 
(11) The Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention. 
(12) The Office of Science and Technology Pol-
icy. 
(13) The National Institutes of Health. 
(14) The National Institute of Allergy and In-
fectious Diseases. 
(15) Such other agencies as the Council deter-
mines to be appropriate. 
(e) SPECIFIC ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The heads of agencies de-
scribed in subsection (d) shall—
1434 
(A) make the GHSA and its implementa-
tion a high priority within their respective agen-
cies, and include GHSA-related activities within 
their respective agencies’ strategic planning and 
budget processes; 
(B) designate a senior-level official to be 
responsible for the implementation of this sub-
title; 
(C) designate, in accordance with sub-
section (d), an appropriate representative at the 
Assistant Secretary level or higher to partici-
pate on the Council; 
(D) keep the Council apprised of GHSA- 
related activities undertaken within their re-
spective agencies; 
(E) maintain responsibility for agency-re-
lated programmatic functions in coordination 
with host governments, country teams, and 
GHSA in-country teams, and in conjunction 
with other relevant agencies; 
(F) coordinate with other agencies that are 
identified in this section to satisfy pro-
grammatic goals, and further facilitate coordi-
nation of country teams, implementers, and do-
nors in host countries; and
1435 
(G) coordinate across GHSA national 
plans and with GHSA partners to which the 
United States is providing assistance. 
(2) ADDITIONAL
ROLES
AND
RESPONSIBIL-
ITIES.—In addition to the roles and responsibilities 
described in paragraph (1), the heads of agencies de-
scribed in subsection (d) shall carry out their respec-
tive roles and responsibilities described in sub-
sections (b) through (i) of section 3 of Executive 
Order No. 13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701; relating to 
Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda to 
Achieve a World Safe and Secure from Infectious 
Disease Threats), as in effect on the day before the 
date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 1299N–3. UNITED STATES COORDINATOR FOR GLOBAL 
HEALTH SECURITY. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that, given the complex and multisectoral nature of 
global health threats to the United States, the President 
should consider appointing an individual with significant 
background and expertise in public health or emergency 
response management to the position of United States Co-
ordinator for Global Health Security, as required by sub-
section (b), who is an employee of the National Security
1436 
Council at the level of Deputy Assistant to the President 
or higher. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—The President shall appoint an in-
dividual to the position of United States Coordinator for 
Global Health Security, who shall be responsible for the 
coordination of the interagency process for responding to 
global health security emergencies. As appropriate, the 
designee shall coordinate with the President’s Special Co-
ordinator for International Disaster Assistance. 
(c) CONGRESSIONAL BRIEFING.—Not less frequently 
than twice each year, the employee designated under this 
section shall provide to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a briefing on the responsibilities and activities of 
the individual under this section. 
SEC. 1299N–4. STRATEGY AND REPORTS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that, given the complex and multisectoral nature of 
global health threats to the United States, the President, 
in providing assistance to implement the strategy required 
under subsection (c), should— 
(1) coordinate, through a whole-of-government 
approach, the efforts of relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies to implement the strategy; 
(2) seek to fully utilize the unique capabilities 
of each relevant Federal department and agency
1437 
while collaborating with and leveraging the contribu-
tions of other key stakeholders; and 
(3) utilize open and streamlined solicitations to 
allow for the participation of a wide range of imple-
menting partners through the most appropriate pro-
curement mechanisms, which may include grants, 
contracts, cooperative agreements, and other instru-
ments as necessary and appropriate. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to— 
(1) promote global health security as a core na-
tional security interest; 
(2) advance the aims of the Global Health Se-
curity Agenda; 
(3) collaborate with other countries to detect 
and mitigate outbreaks early to prevent the spread 
of disease; 
(4) encourage other countries to invest in basic 
resilient and sustainable health care systems; and 
(5) strengthen global health security across the 
intersection of human and animal health to prevent 
infectious disease outbreaks and combat the growing 
threat of antimicrobial resistance. 
(c) STRATEGY.—The United States Coordinator for 
Global Health Security (appointed under section 1299N–
1438 
3(b)) shall coordinate the development and implementa-
tion of a strategy to implement the policy aims described 
in subsection (b), which shall— 
(1) set specific and measurable goals, bench-
marks, timetables, performance metrics, and moni-
toring and evaluation plans that reflect international 
best practices relating to transparency, account-
ability, and global health security; 
(2) support and be aligned with country-owned 
global health security policy and investment plans 
developed with input from key stakeholders, as ap-
propriate; 
(3) facilitate communication and collaboration, 
as appropriate, among local stakeholders in support 
of a multi-sectoral approach to global health secu-
rity; 
(4) support the long-term success of programs 
by building the capacity of local organizations and 
institutions in target countries and communities; 
(5) develop community resilience to infectious 
disease threats and emergencies; 
(6) leverage resources and expertise through 
partnerships with the private sector, health organi-
zations, civil society, nongovernmental organizations, 
and health research and academic institutions; and
1439 
(7) support collaboration, as appropriate, be-
tween United States universities, and public and pri-
vate institutions in target countries and communities 
to promote health security and innovation. 
(d) COORDINATION.—The President, acting through 
the United States Coordinator for Global Health Security, 
shall coordinate, through a whole-of-government approach, 
the efforts of relevant Federal departments and agencies 
in the implementation of the strategy required under sub-
section (c) by— 
(1) establishing monitoring and evaluation sys-
tems, coherence, and coordination across relevant 
Federal departments and agencies; and 
(2) establishing platforms for regular consulta-
tion and collaboration with key stakeholders and the 
appropriate congressional committees. 
(e) STRATEGY SUBMISSION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
President, in consultation with the head of each rel-
evant Federal department and agency, shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees the 
strategy required under subsection (c) that provides 
a detailed description of how the United States in-
tends to advance the policy set forth in subsection
1440 
(b) and the agency-specific plans described in para-
graph (2). 
(2) AGENCY-SPECIFIC PLANS.—The strategy re-
quired under subsection (c) shall include specific im-
plementation plans from each relevant Federal de-
partment and agency that describes— 
(A) the anticipated contributions of the de-
partment or agency, including technical, finan-
cial, and in-kind contributions, to implement 
the strategy; and 
(B) the efforts of the department or agen-
cy to ensure that the activities and programs 
carried out pursuant to the strategy are de-
signed to achieve maximum impact and long- 
term sustainability. 
(f) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date on which the strategy required under sub-
section (c) is submitted to the appropriate congres-
sional committees under subsection (e), and not later 
than October 1 of each year thereafter, the Presi-
dent shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report that describes the status of the 
implementation of the strategy.
1441 
(2) CONTENTS.—The report required under 
paragraph (1) shall— 
(A) identify any substantial changes made 
in the strategy during the preceding calendar 
year; 
(B) describe the progress made in imple-
menting the strategy; 
(C) identify the indicators used to establish 
benchmarks and measure results over time, as 
well as the mechanisms for reporting such re-
sults in an open and transparent manner; 
(D) contain a transparent, open, and de-
tailed accounting of expenditures by relevant 
Federal departments and agencies to implement 
the strategy, including, to the extent prac-
ticable, for each Federal department and agen-
cy, the statutory source of expenditures, 
amounts expended, partners, targeted popu-
lations, and types of activities supported; 
(E) describe how the strategy leverages 
other United States global health and develop-
ment assistance programs; 
(F) assess efforts to coordinate United 
States global health security programs, activi-
ties, and initiatives with key stakeholders;
1442 
(G) incorporate a plan for regularly review-
ing and updating strategies, partnerships, and 
programs and sharing lessons learned with a 
wide range of stakeholders, including key stake-
holders, in an open, transparent manner; and 
(H) describe the progress achieved and 
challenges concerning the United States Gov-
ernment’s ability to advance the Global Health 
Security Agenda across priority countries, in-
cluding data disaggregated by priority country 
using indicators that are consistent on a year- 
to-year basis and recommendations to resolve, 
mitigate, or otherwise address the challenges 
identified therein. 
(g) FORM.—The strategy required under subsection 
(c) and the report required under subsection (f) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classi-
fied annex. 
SEC. 1299N–5. COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOREIGN AID 
TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT 
OF 2016. 
Section 2(3) of the Foreign Aid Transparency and 
Accountability Act of 2016 (Public Law 114–191; 22 
U.S.C. 2394c note) is amended—
1443 
(1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(E) the Global Health Security Act of 
2020.’’. 
SEC. 1299N–6. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate. 
(2) GLOBAL
HEALTH
SECURITY.—The term 
‘‘global health security’’ means activities supporting 
epidemic and pandemic preparedness and capabili-
ties at the country and global levels in order to mini-
mize vulnerability to acute public health events that 
can endanger the health of populations across geo-
graphical regions and international boundaries.
1444 
SEC. 1299N–7. SUNSET. 
This subtitle, and the amendments made by this sub-
title, (other than section 1299N–3) shall cease to be effec-
tive on December 31, 2024. 
Subtitle J—United States Nationals 
Unlawfully or Wrongfully De-
tained Abroad 
SEC. 1299O–1. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Robert Levinson 
Hostage Recovery and Hostage-Taking Accountability 
Act’’. 
SEC. 1299O–2. ASSISTANCE FOR UNITED STATES NATION-
ALS 
UNLAWFULLY 
OR 
WRONGFULLY 
DE-
TAINED ABROAD. 
(a) REVIEW.—The Secretary of State shall review the 
cases of United States nationals detained abroad to deter-
mine if there is credible information that they are being 
detained unlawfully or wrongfully, based on criteria which 
may include whether— 
(1) United States officials receive or possess 
credible information indicating innocence of the de-
tained individual; 
(2) the individual is being detained solely or 
substantially because he or she is a United States 
national;
1445 
(3) the individual is being detained solely or 
substantially to influence United States Government 
policy or to secure economic or political concessions 
from the United States Government; 
(4) the detention appears to be because the in-
dividual sought to obtain, exercise, defend, or pro-
mote freedom of the press, freedom of religion, or 
the right to peacefully assemble; 
(5) the individual is being detained in violation 
of the laws of the detaining country; 
(6) independent nongovernmental organizations 
or journalists have raised legitimate questions about 
the innocence of the detained individual; 
(7) the United States mission in the country 
where the individual is being detained has received 
credible reports that the detention is a pretext for an 
illegitimate purpose; 
(8) the individual is detained in a country 
where the Department of State has determined in its 
annual human rights reports that the judicial system 
is not independent or impartial, is susceptible to cor-
ruption, or is incapable of rendering just verdicts; 
(9) the individual is being detained in inhumane 
conditions;
1446 
(10) due process of law has been sufficiently 
impaired so as to render the detention arbitrary; and 
(11) United States diplomatic engagement is 
likely necessary to secure the release of the detained 
individual. 
(b) REFERRALS TO THE SPECIAL ENVOY.—Upon a 
determination by the Secretary of State, based on the to-
tality of the circumstances, that there is credible informa-
tion that the detention of a United States national abroad 
is unlawful or wrongful, and regardless of whether the de-
tention is by a foreign government or a nongovernmental 
actor, the Secretary shall transfer responsibility for such 
case from the Bureau of Consular Affairs of the Depart-
ment of State to the Special Envoy for Hostage Affairs 
created pursuant to section 1299O–3. 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees an annual report with respect to 
United States nationals for whom the Secretary 
determines there is credible information of un-
lawful or wrongful detention abroad. 
(B) FORM.—The report required under 
this paragraph shall be submitted in unclassi-
1447 
fied form, but may include a classified annex if 
necessary. 
(2) COMPOSITION.—The report required under 
paragraph (1) shall include current estimates of the 
number of individuals so detained, as well as rel-
evant information about particular cases, such as— 
(A) the name of the individual, unless the 
provision of such information is inconsistent 
with section 552a of title 5, United States Code 
(commonly known as the ‘‘Privacy Act of 
1974’’); 
(B) basic facts about the case; 
(C) a summary of the information that 
such individual may be detained unlawfully or 
wrongfully; 
(D) a description of specific efforts, legal 
and diplomatic, taken on behalf of the indi-
vidual since the last reporting period, including 
a description of accomplishments and setbacks; 
and 
(E) a description of intended next steps. 
(d) RESOURCE GUIDANCE.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act and after 
consulting with relevant organizations that advocate
1448 
on behalf of United States nationals detained abroad 
and the Family Engagement Coordinator established 
pursuant to section 1299O–4(c)(2), the Secretary of 
State shall provide resource guidance in writing for 
government officials and families of unjustly or 
wrongfully detained individuals. 
(2) CONTENT.—The resource guidance required 
under paragraph (1) should include— 
(A) information to help families under-
stand United States policy concerning the re-
lease of United States nationals unlawfully or 
wrongfully held abroad; 
(B) contact information for officials in the 
Department of State or other government agen-
cies suited to answer family questions; 
(C) relevant information about options 
available to help families obtain the release of 
unjustly or wrongfully detained individuals, 
such as guidance on how families may engage 
with United States diplomatic and consular 
channels to ensure prompt and regular access 
for the detained individual to legal counsel, 
family members, humane treatment, and other 
services;
1449 
(D) guidance on submitting public or pri-
vate letters from members of Congress or other 
individuals who may be influential in securing 
the release of an individual; and 
(E) appropriate points of contacts, such as 
legal resources and counseling services, who 
have a record of assisting victims’ families. 
SEC. 1299O–3. SPECIAL ENVOY FOR HOSTAGE AFFAIRS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is within the office of 
the Secretary of State a Special Presidential Envoy for 
Hostage Affairs. 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Special Presidential 
Envoy for Hostage Affairs, under the supervision of the 
Secretary of State, shall— 
(1) lead diplomatic engagement on United 
States hostage policy; 
(2) coordinate all diplomatic engagements in 
support of hostage recovery efforts, in coordination 
with the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell and con-
sistent with policy guidance communicated through 
the Hostage Response Group; 
(3) coordinate with the Hostage Recovery Fu-
sion Cell proposals for diplomatic engagements and 
strategy in support of hostage recovery efforts;
1450 
(4) provide senior representation from the Spe-
cial Envoy’s office to the Hostage Recovery Fusion 
Cell established under section 1299O–4 and the 
Hostage Response Group established under section 
1299O–5; and 
(5) in coordination with the Hostage Recovery 
Fusion Cell as appropriate, coordinate diplomatic 
engagements regarding cases in which a foreign gov-
ernment confirms that it has detained a United 
States national but the United States Government 
regards such detention as unlawful or wrongful. 
SEC. 1299O–4. HOSTAGE RECOVERY FUSION CELL. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish 
an interagency Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell. 
(b) PARTICIPATION.—The President shall direct the 
heads of each of the following executive departments, 
agencies, and offices to make available personnel to par-
ticipate in the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell: 
(1) The Department of State. 
(2) The Department of the Treasury. 
(3) The Department of Defense. 
(4) The Department of Justice. 
(5) The Office of the Director of National Intel-
ligence. 
(6) The Federal Bureau of Investigation.
1451 
(7) The Central Intelligence Agency. 
(8) Other agencies as the President, from time 
to time, may designate. 
(c) PERSONNEL.—The Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell 
shall include— 
(1) a Director, who shall be a full-time senior 
officer or employee of the United States Govern-
ment; 
(2) a Family Engagement Coordinator who 
shall— 
(A) work to ensure that all interactions by 
executive branch officials with a hostage’s fam-
ily occur in a coordinated fashion and that the 
family receives consistent and accurate informa-
tion from the United States Government; and 
(B) if directed, perform the same function 
as set out in subparagraph (A) with regard to 
the family of a United States national who is 
unlawfully or wrongfully detained abroad; and 
(3) other officers and employees as deemed ap-
propriate by the President. 
(d) DUTIES.—The Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell 
shall— 
(1) coordinate efforts by participating agencies 
to ensure that all relevant information, expertise,
1452 
and resources are brought to bear to secure the safe 
recovery of United States nationals held hostage 
abroad; 
(2) if directed, coordinate the United States 
Government’s response to other hostage-takings oc-
curring abroad in which the United States has a na-
tional interest; 
(3) if directed, coordinate or assist the United 
States Government’s response to help secure the re-
lease of United States nationals unlawfully or 
wrongfully detained abroad; and 
(4) pursuant to policy guidance coordinated 
through the National Security Council— 
(A) identify and recommend hostage recov-
ery options and strategies to the President 
through the National Security Council or the 
Deputies Committee of the National Security 
Council; 
(B) coordinate efforts by participating 
agencies to ensure that information regarding 
hostage events, including potential recovery op-
tions and engagements with families and exter-
nal actors (including foreign governments), is 
appropriately shared within the United States
1453 
Government to facilitate a coordinated response 
to a hostage-taking; 
(C) assess and track all hostage-takings of 
United States nationals abroad and provide reg-
ular reports to the President and Congress on 
the status of such cases and any measures 
being taken toward the hostages’ safe recovery; 
(D) provide a forum for intelligence shar-
ing and, with the support of the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence, coordinate the declassifica-
tion of relevant information; 
(E) coordinate efforts by participating 
agencies to provide appropriate support and as-
sistance to hostages and their families in a co-
ordinated and consistent manner and to provide 
families with timely information regarding sig-
nificant events in their cases; 
(F) make recommendations to agencies in 
order to reduce the likelihood of United States 
nationals’ being taken hostage abroad and en-
hance United States Government preparation to 
maximize the probability of a favorable outcome 
following a hostage-taking; and
1454 
(G) coordinate with agencies regarding 
congressional, media, and other public inquiries 
pertaining to hostage events. 
(e) ADMINISTRATION.—The Hostage Recovery Fu-
sion Cell shall be located within the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation for administrative purposes. 
SEC. 1299O–5. HOSTAGE RESPONSE GROUP. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall establish 
a Hostage Response Group, chaired by a designated mem-
ber of the National Security Council or the Deputies Com-
mittee of the National Security Council, to be convened 
on a regular basis, to further the safe recovery of United 
States nationals held hostage abroad or unlawfully or 
wrongfully detained abroad, and to be tasked with coordi-
nating the United States Government response to other 
hostage-takings occurring abroad in which the United 
States has a national interest. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The regular members of the Hos-
tage Response Group shall include the Director of the 
Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell, the Hostage Recovery Fu-
sion Cell’s Family Engagement Coordinator, the Special 
Envoy appointed pursuant to section 1299O–3, and rep-
resentatives from the Department of the Treasury, the 
Department of Defense, the Department of Justice, the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Office of the Director
1455 
of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, 
and other agencies as the President, from time to time, 
may designate. 
(c) DUTIES.—The Hostage Recovery Group shall— 
(1) identify and recommend hostage recovery 
options and strategies to the President through the 
National Security Council; 
(2) coordinate the development and implemen-
tation of United States hostage recovery policies, 
strategies, and procedures; 
(3) receive regular updates from the Hostage 
Recovery Fusion Cell and the Special Envoy for 
Hostage Affairs on the status of United States na-
tionals being held hostage or unlawfully or wrong-
fully detained abroad and measures being taken to 
effect safe recoveries; 
(4) coordinate the provision of policy guidance 
to the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell, including re-
viewing recovery options proposed by the Hostage 
Recovery Fusion Cell and working to resolve dis-
putes within the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell; 
(5) as appropriate, direct the use of resources 
at the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell to coordinate 
or assist in the safe recovery of United States na-
1456 
tionals unlawfully or wrongfully detained abroad; 
and 
(6) as appropriate, direct the use of resources 
at the Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell to coordinate 
the United States Government response to other 
hostage-takings occurring abroad in which the 
United States has a national interest. 
(d) MEETINGS.—The Hostage Response Group shall 
meet regularly. 
(e) REPORTING.—The Hostage Response Group shall 
regularly provide recommendations on hostage recovery 
options and strategies to the National Security Council. 
SEC. 1299O–6. AUTHORIZATION OF IMPOSITION OF SANC-
TIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President may impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any 
foreign person the President determines, based on credible 
evidence— 
(1) is responsible for or is complicit in, or re-
sponsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise di-
recting, the hostage-taking of a United States na-
tional abroad or the unlawful or wrongful detention 
of a United States national abroad; or
1457 
(2) knowingly provides financial, material, or 
technological support for, or goods or services in 
support of, an activity described in paragraph (1). 
(b) SANCTIONS
DESCRIBED.—The sanctions de-
scribed in this subsection are the following: 
(1) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR 
PAROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An 
alien described in subsection (a) may be— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—An alien described 
in subsection (a) may be subject to revoca-
tion of any visa or other entry documenta-
tion regardless of when the visa or other 
entry documentation is or was issued.
1458 
(ii) IMMEDIATE
EFFECT.—A revoca-
tion under clause (i) may— 
(I) take effect immediately; and 
(II) cancel any other valid visa or 
entry documentation that is in the 
alien’s possession. 
(2) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The President may ex-
ercise all of the powers granted to the President 
under the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), to the ex-
tent necessary to block and prohibit all trans-
actions in property and interests in property of 
a foreign person described in subsection (a) if 
such property and interests in property are in 
the United States, come within the United 
States, or are or come within the possession or 
control of a United States person. 
(B) INAPPLICABILITY OF NATIONAL EMER-
GENCY
REQUIREMENT.—The requirements of 
section 202 of the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701) shall 
not apply for purposes of this section. 
(c) EXCEPTIONS.—
1459 
(1) EXCEPTION
FOR
INTELLIGENCE
ACTIVI-
TIES.—Sanctions under this section shall not apply 
to any activity subject to the reporting requirements 
under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 
(50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intel-
ligence activities of the United States. 
(2) EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY
WITH
INTER-
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND FOR LAW ENFORCE-
MENT
ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions 
under 
subsection 
(b)(1) shall not apply with respect to an alien if ad-
mitting or paroling the alien into the United States 
is necessary— 
(A) to permit the United States to comply 
with the Agreement regarding the Head-
quarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake 
Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
November 21, 1947, between the United Na-
tions and the United States, or other applicable 
international obligations; or 
(B) to carry out or assist law enforcement 
activity in the United States. 
(d) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, attempts to 
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of sub-
section (b)(2) or any regulation, license, or order issued 
to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the pen-
1460 
alties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 
of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits 
an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section. 
(e) TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.—The President 
may terminate the application of sanctions under this sec-
tion with respect to a person if the President determines 
that— 
(1) information exists that the person did not 
engage in the activity for which sanctions were im-
posed; 
(2) the person has been prosecuted appro-
priately for the activity for which sanctions were im-
posed; 
(3) the person has credibly demonstrated a sig-
nificant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate 
consequence for the activity for which sanctions were 
imposed, and has credibly committed to not engage 
in an activity described in subsection (a) in the fu-
ture; or 
(4) the termination of the sanctions is in the 
national security interests of the United States. 
(f) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—If the President 
terminates sanctions pursuant to subsection (d), the Presi-
dent shall report to the appropriate congressional commit-
1461 
tees a written justification for such termination within 15 
days. 
(g) IMPLEMENTATION
OF REGULATORY AUTHOR-
ITY.—The President may exercise all authorities provided 
under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emer-
gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) 
to carry out this section. 
(h) EXCEPTION RELATING
TO IMPORTATION
OF 
GOODS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and require-
ments to impose sanctions authorized under this sec-
tion shall not include the authority or a requirement 
to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. 
(2) GOOD
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the 
term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or manmade 
substance, material, supply or manufactured prod-
uct, including inspection and test equipment, and ex-
cluding technical data. 
(i) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-
son’’ means— 
(A) any citizen or national of a foreign 
country (including any such individual who is 
also a citizen or national of the United States); 
or
1462 
(B) any entity not organized solely under 
the laws of the United States or existing solely 
in the United States. 
(2) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
(A) an individual who is a United States 
citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for perma-
nent residence to the United States; 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or any jurisdiction within the 
United States, including a foreign branch of 
such an entity; or 
(C) any person in the United States. 
SEC. 1299O–7. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Appropriations, the Com-
mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-
fairs, the Committee on the Judiciary, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the United States Sen-
ate; and
1463 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Appropriations, the Committee 
on Financial Services, the Committee on the 
Judiciary, the Committee on Armed Services, 
and the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives. 
(2) UNITED
STATES
NATIONAL.—The term 
‘‘United States national’’ means— 
(A) a United States national as defined in 
section 101(a)(22) or section 308 of the Immi-
gration 
and 
Nationality 
Act 
(8 
U.S.C. 
1101(a)(22), 8 U.S.C. 1408); and 
(B) a lawful permanent resident alien with 
significant ties to the United States. 
SEC. 1299O–8. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this subtitle may be construed to author-
ize a private right of action. 
Subtitle K—Matters Relating to the 
Northern Triangle 
SEC. 1299P–1. ACTIONS TO ADVANCE PROSPERITY IN THE 
NORTHERN TRIANGLE. 
(a) SECRETARY
OF STATE PRIORITIZATION.—The 
Secretary of State shall prioritize prosperity in the North-
ern Triangle countries by carrying out the following initia-
tives:
1464 
(1) Supporting market-based solutions to elimi-
nate constraints to inclusive economic growth, in-
cluding through support for increased digital 
connectivity and the use of financial technology, and 
private sector and civil society-led efforts to create 
jobs and foster economic prosperity. 
(2) Addressing underlying causes of poverty 
and inequality, including by improving nutrition and 
food security, providing health resources and access 
to clean water, sanitation, hygiene, and shelter, and 
improving livelihoods. 
(3) Responding to immediate humanitarian 
needs by increasing humanitarian assistance, includ-
ing through access to clean water, sanitation, hy-
giene, and shelter, improving livelihoods, and by pro-
viding health resources and improving nutrition and 
food security. 
(4) Supporting conservation and community re-
silience and strengthening community preparedness 
for natural disasters and other external shocks. 
(5) Identifying, as appropriate, a role for the 
United States International Development Finance 
Corporation, the Millennium Challenge Corporation 
(MCC), the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the United States private sector
1465 
in supporting efforts to increase private sector in-
vestment and strengthen economic prosperity. 
(6) Expanding comprehensive reintegration 
mechanisms for repatriated individuals once re-
turned to their countries of origin and supporting ef-
forts by the private sector to hire and train eligible 
returnees. 
(7) Establishing monitoring and verification 
services to determine the well-being of repatriated 
children in order to determine if United States pro-
tection and screening functioned effectively in identi-
fying persecuted and trafficked children. 
(8) Supporting efforts to increase domestic re-
source mobilization, including through strengthening 
of tax collection and enforcement and legal arbitra-
tion mechanisms. 
(b) STRATEGY.— 
(1) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, in coordination with the Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment, the President and Chief Executive Officer of 
the Inter-American Foundation, the Director of the 
United States Trade and Development Agency, the 
Chief Executive Officer of the United States Inter-
1466 
national Development Finance Corporation, and the 
heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a 5- 
year strategy to prioritize prosperity in the Northern 
Triangle countries by carrying out the initiatives de-
scribed in subsection (a). 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strat-
egy required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
State shall consult with nongovernmental organiza-
tions in the Northern Triangle countries and the 
United States. 
(3) 
BENCHMARKS.—The 
strategy 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall include annual bench-
marks to track the strategy’s progress in curbing ir-
regular migration from the Northern Triangle to the 
United States. 
(4) PUBLIC
DIPLOMACY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall include a public di-
plomacy strategy for educating citizens of the North-
ern Triangle countries about United States assist-
ance and its benefits to them, and informing such 
citizens of the dangers of illegal migration to the 
United States. 
(5) ANNUAL
PROGRESS
UPDATES.—Not later 
than 1 year after the submission of the strategy re-
1467 
quired under paragraph (1) and annually thereafter 
for 4 years, the Secretary of State shall provide the 
appropriate congressional committees with a written 
description of progress made in meeting the bench-
marks established in the strategy. 
(6) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall be made publicly 
available on the website of the Department of State. 
(c) REPORT
ON ESTABLISHING
AN INVESTMENT 
FUND FOR THE NORTHERN TRIANGLE COUNTRIES AND 
SOUTHERN MEXICO.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Chief Executive Of-
ficer of the United States International Development Fi-
nance Corporation shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a detailed report assessing the fea-
sibility, costs, and benefits of the Corporation establishing 
an investment fund to promote economic and social devel-
opment in the Northern Triangle countries and southern 
Mexico. 
SEC. 1299P–2. ACTIONS TO COMBAT CORRUPTION IN THE 
NORTHERN TRIANGLE. 
(a) SECRETARY
OF STATE PRIORITIZATION.—The 
Secretary of State shall prioritize efforts to combat cor-
ruption in the Northern Triangle countries by carrying out 
the following initiatives:
1468 
(1) Supporting anticorruption efforts, including 
by strengthening national justice systems and attor-
neys general, providing technical assistance to iden-
tify and prosecute money laundering and other fi-
nancial crimes, breaking up financial holdings of or-
ganized criminal syndicates, including illegally ac-
quired lands and proceeds from illegal activities, and 
supporting independent media and investigative re-
porting. 
(2) Supporting anticorruption efforts through 
bilateral assistance and complementary support 
through multilateral anticorruption mechanisms 
when necessary. 
(3) Encouraging cooperation agreements be-
tween the Department of State and relevant United 
States Government agencies and attorneys general 
to fight corruption. 
(4) Supporting efforts to strengthen special 
prosecutorial offices and financial institutions to 
combat corruption, money laundering, financial 
crimes, extortion, human rights crimes, asset for-
feiture, and criminal analysis. 
(5) Supporting initiatives to advance judicial in-
tegrity and improve security for members of the ju-
dicial sector.
1469 
(6) Supporting transparent, merit-based selec-
tion processes for prosecutors and judges and the 
development of professional and merit-based civil 
services. 
(7) Supporting the establishment or strength-
ening of methods, procedures, and expectations for 
internal and external control mechanisms for the se-
curity and police services and judiciary. 
(8) Supporting the adoption of appropriate 
technologies to combat corruption in public finance. 
(b) STRATEGY.— 
(1) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, in coordination with the Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment and the heads of other relevant Federal agen-
cies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a 5-year strategy to combat corruption 
in the Northern Triangle countries by carrying out 
the initiatives described in subsection (a). 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strat-
egy required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
State shall consult with nongovernmental organiza-
tions in the Northern Triangle countries and the 
United States.
1470 
(3) 
BENCHMARKS.—The 
strategy 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall include annual bench-
marks to track the strategy’s progress in curbing ir-
regular migration from the Northern Triangle to the 
United States. 
(4) PUBLIC
DIPLOMACY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall include a public di-
plomacy strategy for educating citizens of the North-
ern Triangle countries about United States assist-
ance and its benefits to them, and informing such 
citizens of the dangers of illegal migration to the 
United States. 
(5) ANNUAL
PROGRESS
UPDATES.—Not later 
than 1 year after the submission of the strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) and annually thereafter 
for 4 years, the Secretary of State shall provide the 
appropriate congressional committees with a written 
description of progress made in meeting the bench-
marks established in the strategy. 
(6) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall be made publicly 
available on the website of the Department of State. 
(c) DESIGNATION OF A SENIOR RULE OF LAW ADVI-
SOR FOR THE NORTHERN TRIANGLE IN THE BUREAU OF 
WESTERN HEMISPHERE AFFAIRS.—The Secretary of
1471 
State shall designate in the Bureau of Western Hemi-
sphere Affairs of the Department of State a Senior Rule 
of Law Advisor for the Northern Triangle who shall lead 
diplomatic engagement with the Northern Triangle coun-
tries in support of democratic governance, anticorruption 
efforts, and the rule of law in all aspects of United States 
policy towards the countries of the Northern Triangle, in-
cluding carrying out the initiatives described in subsection 
(a) and developing the strategy required under subsection 
(b). The individual designated in accordance with this sub-
section shall be a Department of State employee in the 
Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. 
SEC. 1299P–3. ACTIONS TO STRENGTHEN DEMOCRATIC IN-
STITUTIONS IN THE NORTHERN TRIANGLE. 
(a) SECRETARY
OF STATE PRIORITIZATION.—The 
Secretary of State shall prioritize strengthening demo-
cratic institutions, good governance, human rights, and 
the rule of law in the Northern Triangle countries by car-
rying out the following initiatives: 
(1) Providing support to strengthen government 
institutions and actors at the local and national lev-
els to provide services and respond to citizen needs 
through transparent, inclusive, and democratic proc-
esses.
1472 
(2) Supporting efforts to strengthen access to 
information laws and reform laws that currently 
limit access to information. 
(3) Financing efforts to build the capacity of 
independent media with a specific focus on profes-
sional investigative journalism. 
(4) Ensuring that threats and attacks on jour-
nalists and human rights defenders are fully inves-
tigated and perpetrators are held accountable. 
(5) Developing the capacity of civil society to 
conduct oversight and accountability mechanisms at 
the national and local levels. 
(6) Training political actors committed to 
democratic principles. 
(7) Strengthening electoral institutions and 
processes to ensure free, fair, and transparent elec-
tions. 
(8) Advancing conservation principles and the 
rule of law to address multiple factors, including the 
impacts of illegal cattle ranching and smuggling as 
drivers of deforestation. 
(b) STRATEGY.— 
(1) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, in coordination with the Administrator of
1473 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment and the heads of other relevant Federal agen-
cies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a strategy to support democratic govern-
ance in the Northern Triangle countries by carrying 
out the initiatives described in subsection (a). 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strat-
egy required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
State shall consult with nongovernmental organiza-
tions in the Northern Triangle countries and the 
United States. 
(3) 
BENCHMARKS.—The 
strategy 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall include annual bench-
marks to track the strategy’s progress in curbing ir-
regular migration from the Northern Triangle to the 
United States. 
(4) PUBLIC
DIPLOMACY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall include a public di-
plomacy strategy for educating citizens of the North-
ern Triangle countries about United States assist-
ance and its benefits to them, and informing such 
citizens of the dangers of illegal migration to the 
United States. 
(5) ANNUAL
PROGRESS
UPDATES.—Not later 
than 1 year after the submission of the strategy re-
1474 
quired under paragraph (1) and annually thereafter 
for 4 years, the Secretary of State shall provide the 
appropriate congressional committees with a written 
description of progress made in meeting the bench-
marks established in the strategy. 
(6) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall be made publicly 
available on the website of the Department of State. 
SEC. 1299P–4. ACTIONS TO IMPROVE SECURITY CONDI-
TIONS IN THE NORTHERN TRIANGLE. 
(a) SECRETARY
OF STATE PRIORITIZATION.—The 
Secretary of State shall prioritize security in the Northern 
Triangle countries by carrying out the following initiatives: 
(1) Implementing the Central America Regional 
Security Initiative of the Department of State. 
(2) 
Continuing 
the 
vetting 
and 
professionalization of security services, including the 
civilian police and military units. 
(3) Supporting efforts to combat the illicit ac-
tivities of criminal gangs and transnational criminal 
organizations, including MS–13 and the 18th Street 
Gang, through support to fully vetted elements of at-
torneys general offices, appropriate government in-
stitutions, and security services.
1475 
(4) Supporting training for fully vetted civilian 
police and appropriate security services in criminal 
investigations, best practices for citizen security, and 
human rights. 
(5) Providing capacity-building to relevant secu-
rity services and attorneys general to support coun-
ternarcotics efforts and combat human trafficking, 
forcible recruitment of children and youth by gangs, 
gender-based violence, and other illicit activities, in-
cluding trafficking of wildlife, and natural resources. 
(6) Encouraging collaboration with regional and 
international partners in implementing security as-
sistance, including by supporting cross-border infor-
mation sharing on gangs and transnational criminal 
organizations. 
(7) Providing equipment, technology, tools, and 
training to security services to assist in border and 
port inspections. 
(8) Providing equipment, technology, tools, and 
training to assist security services in counter-
narcotics and other efforts to combat illicit activities. 
(9) Continuing information sharing regarding 
known or suspected terrorists and other individuals 
and entities that pose a potential threat to United
1476 
States national security that are crossing through or 
residing in the Northern Triangle. 
(10) Supporting information sharing on gangs 
and transnational criminal organizations between 
relevant Federal, State, and local law enforcement 
and the governments of the Northern Triangle coun-
tries. 
(11) Considering the use of assets and re-
sources of United States State and local government 
entities, as appropriate, to support the activities de-
scribed in this subsection. 
(12) Providing thorough end-use monitoring of 
equipment, technology, tools, and training provided 
pursuant to this subsection. 
(b) STRATEGY.— 
(1) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State, in coordination with the Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment and the heads of other relevant Federal agen-
cies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a 5-year strategy to prioritize the im-
provement of security in the Northern Triangle 
countries by carrying out the initiatives described in 
subsection (a).
1477 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strat-
egy required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
State shall consult with nongovernmental organiza-
tions in the Northern Triangle countries and the 
United States. 
(3) 
BENCHMARKS.—The 
strategy 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall include annual bench-
marks to track the strategy’s progress in curbing ir-
regular migration from the Northern Triangle to the 
United States. 
(4) PUBLIC
DIPLOMACY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall include a public di-
plomacy strategy for educating citizens of the North-
ern Triangle countries about United States assist-
ance and its benefits to them, and informing such 
citizens of the dangers of illegal migration to the 
United States. 
(5) ANNUAL
PROGRESS
UPDATES.—Not later 
than 1 year after the submission of the strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) and annually thereafter 
for 4 years, the Secretary of State shall provide the 
appropriate congressional committees with a written 
description of progress made in meeting the bench-
marks established in the strategy.
1478 
(6) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The strategy re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall be made publicly 
available on the website of the Department of State. 
(c) WOMEN
AND CHILDREN PROTECTION COM-
PACTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President, in consulta-
tion with the Secretary of State, the Administrator 
of the United States Agency for International Devel-
opment, and the heads of other relevant Federal de-
partments or agencies, is authorized to enter into bi-
lateral agreements with one or more of the Govern-
ments of El Salvador, Guatemala, or Honduras to 
provide United States assistance for the purposes 
of— 
(A) strengthening the capacity of the jus-
tice systems in such countries to protect women 
and children fleeing domestic, gang, or drug vi-
olence and to serve victims of domestic violence, 
sexual assault, trafficking, or child abuse or ne-
glect, including by strengthening the capacity of 
such systems to hold perpetrators accountable; 
and 
(B) creating, securing, and sustaining safe 
communities and schools in such countries, by 
building on current approaches to prevent and
1479 
deter violence against women and children in 
such communities or schools. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—An agreement under the 
authority provided by paragraph (1)— 
(A) shall establish a 3- to 6-year plan to 
achieve the objectives described in subpara-
graphs (A) and (B) of such paragraph; 
(B) shall include measurable goals and in-
dicators with respect to such objectives; 
(C) may not provide for any United States 
assistance to be made available directly to any 
of the governments of El Salvador, Guatemala, 
or Honduras; and 
(D) may be suspended or terminated with 
respect to a country or an entity receiving as-
sistance pursuant to the agreement, if the Sec-
retary of State determines that such country or 
entity has failed to make sufficient progress to-
wards the goals of the Compact. 
SEC. 1299P–5. TARGETED SANCTIONS TO FIGHT CORRUP-
TION IN THE NORTHERN TRIANGLE. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) corruption in the Northern Triangle coun-
tries by private citizens and select officials in local,
1480 
regional, and Federal governments significantly 
damages the economies of such countries and de-
prives citizens of opportunities; 
(2) corruption in the Northern Triangle is fa-
cilitated and carried out not only by private citizens 
and select officials from those countries but also in 
many instances by individuals from third countries; 
and 
(3) imposing targeted sanctions on individuals 
from throughout the world and particularly in the 
Western Hemisphere who are engaged in acts of sig-
nificant corruption that impact the Northern Tri-
angle countries or obstruction of investigations into 
such acts of corruption will benefit the citizens and 
governments of such countries. 
(b) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 
impose the sanctions described in subsection (c) with re-
spect to a foreign person who the President determines 
on or after the date of the enactment of this Act to have 
knowingly engaged in significant corruption or obstruction 
of investigations into such acts of corruption in a North-
ern Triangle country, including the following: 
(1) Corruption related to government contracts. 
(2) Bribery and extortion.
1481 
(3) The facilitation or transfer of the proceeds 
of corruption, including through money laundering. 
(4) Acts of violence, harassment, or intimida-
tion directed at governmental and non-governmental 
corruption investigators. 
(c) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The sanctions described in 
this subsection are the following: 
(A) ASSET BLOCKING.—The blocking, in 
accordance with the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), 
of all transactions in all property and interests 
in property of a foreign person if such property 
and interests in property are in the United 
States, come within the United States, or are or 
come within the possession or control of a 
United States person. 
(B) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS AND ADMIS-
SION TO THE UNITED STATES.—In the case of 
a foreign person who is an individual, such for-
eign person is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and
1482 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(C) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—The issuing con-
sular officer or the Secretary of State, (or 
a designee of the Secretary of State) shall, 
in accordance with section 221(i) of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1201(i)), revoke any visa or other entry 
documentation issued to a foreign person 
regardless of when the visa or other entry 
documentation is issued. 
(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A rev-
ocation under clause (i) shall— 
(I) take effect immediately; and 
(II) automatically cancel any 
other valid visa or entry documenta-
tion that is in the foreign person’s 
possession. 
(2) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 
violation of a measure imposed pursuant to para-
1483 
graph (1)(A) or any regulation, license, or order 
issued to carry out such paragraph shall be subject 
to the penalties specified in subsections (b) and (c) 
of section 206 of the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same ex-
tent as a person that commits an unlawful act de-
scribed in subsection (a) of such section. 
(3) EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY
WITH
INTER-
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS.—Sanctions under subpara-
graph (B) and (C) of paragraph (1) shall not apply 
with respect to a foreign person if admitting or pa-
roling such person into the United States is nec-
essary to permit the United States to comply with 
the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the 
United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 
1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, 
between the United Nations and the United States, 
or other applicable international obligations. 
(d) IMPLEMENTATION; REGULATORY AUTHORITY.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex-
ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 
and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 
this section.