123 
(10) $35,350,838 shall be for Workforce Devel-
opment for Teachers and Scientists. 
Subtitle B—Advanced Research 
Projects Agency–Energy 
SEC. 411. ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY–EN-
ERGY UPDATE. 
Paragraph (2) of section 5012(o) of the America 
COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(o)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(F) $800,833,333 for fiscal year 2026; 
‘‘(G) $840,666,667 for fiscal year 2027; 
‘‘(H) $880,500,000 for fiscal year 2028; 
‘‘(I) $920,333,333 for fiscal year 2029; 
‘‘(J) $960,166,667 for fiscal year 2030; 
and 
‘‘(K) 
$1,000,000,000 
for 
fiscal 
year 
2031.’’. 
Subtitle C—DOE Clean Energy 
Infrastructure 
SEC. 421. REGIONAL ENERGY INNOVATION CENTERS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ADVANCED
ENERGY
TECHNOLOGY.—The 
term ‘‘advanced energy technology’’ means— 
(A) an innovative technology— 
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(i) that produces energy from solar, 
wind, geothermal, biomass, tidal, wave, 
ocean, or other renewable energy resources; 
(ii) that produces nuclear energy; 
(iii) for carbon capture and sequestra-
tion; 
(iv) that enables advanced vehicles, 
vehicle components, and related tech-
nologies that result in significant energy 
savings; 
(v) that generates, transmits, distrib-
utes, uses, or stores energy more efficiently 
than conventional technologies, including 
through Smart Grid technologies; or 
(vi) that enhances the energy inde-
pendence and security of the United States 
by enabling improved or expanded supply 
and production of domestic energy re-
sources, including coal, oil, and natural 
gas; 
(B) a research, development, demonstra-
tion, or commercial application activity nec-
essary to ensure the long-term, secure, and sus-
tainable supply of an energy critical element; or 
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(C) any other innovative energy technology 
area identified by the Secretary. 
(2) QUALIFYING
ENTITY.—The term ‘‘quali-
fying entity’’ means— 
(A) an institution of higher education; 
(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, 
including a federally funded research and devel-
opment center of the Department; 
(C) a nonprofit research institution; 
(D) a multi-institutional collaboration; or 
(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary 
determines appropriate. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.— 
(A) The Secretary shall carry out a pro-
gram to enhance the economic, environmental, 
and energy security of the United States by es-
tablishing and operating Regional Energy Inno-
vation Centers in diverse regions of the United 
States, in order to provide, to the maximum ex-
tent practicable, one centralized location for 
multidisciplinary, collaborative research, devel-
opment, and demonstration of advanced energy 
technologies most suited to commercial applica-
tion in each region of the United States. 
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(B) In establishing the centers authorized 
in subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall con-
sider the diverse natural resources available 
throughout the United States, and maximize 
the opportunities for cooperation between insti-
tutes of higher education, industry, State and 
local governments, and nonprofit research insti-
tutions with shared areas of energy expertise. 
(2) TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOCUS.—The 
Secretary shall designate for each center a unique 
advanced energy technology or basic research focus. 
In establishing focus areas for each center, the Sec-
retary shall consider the energy needs, resources, 
and expertise available in each region of the United 
States. 
(3) COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall en-
sure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary du-
plication of, the activities of each center with the ac-
tivities of— 
(A) other research entities of the Depart-
ment, including the National Laboratories, the 
Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy, 
Energy Innovation Hubs, and Energy Frontier 
Research Centers; 
(B) institutions of higher education; and 
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(C) industry. 
(c) APPLICATION PROCESS.— 
(1) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible to receive an 
award for the establishment and operation of a cen-
ter established under subsection (b)(1)(A), a consor-
tium shall— 
(A) be composed of not fewer than two 
qualifying entities; 
(B) operate subject to a binding agree-
ment, entered into by each member of the con-
sortium, that documents— 
(i) the proposed partnership agree-
ment, including the governance and man-
agement structure of the center; 
(ii) measures the consortium will un-
dertake to enable cost-effective implemen-
tation of activities under the program de-
scribed in subsection (b)(1); and 
(iii) a proposed budget, including fi-
nancial contributions from non-Federal 
sources; and 
(C) operate as a nonprofit organization. 
(2) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall consider 
applications from qualifying entities, and select cen-
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ters authorized under subsection (b)(1)(A) on a 
competitive, merit-reviewed basis. 
(3) DURATION.—A center established under 
this section shall receive support for a period of not 
more than 5 years, subject to the availability of ap-
propriations. 
(4) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any pe-
riod of support of a center under this section, the 
Director may renew support for the center, on a 
merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 
5 years. 
(5) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the exist-
ing authorities of the Department, the Director may 
terminate an underperforming center for cause dur-
ing the performance period. 
(d) CENTER OPERATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Each center shall conduct or 
provide for multidisciplinary, collaborative research, 
development, demonstration of advanced energy 
technologies within the technology development focus 
designated under subsection (b)(2). 
(2) ACTIVITIES.—Each center shall— 
(A) encourage collaboration and commu-
nication among the member qualifying entities 
of the consortium and awardees; 
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(B) develop and make publicly available 
proposed plans and programs; and 
(C) submit an annual report to the De-
partment summarizing the activities of the cen-
ter, including— 
(i) detailing organizational expendi-
tures; and 
(ii) describing each project under-
taken by the center. 
(3) CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST.—Each center 
shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, con-
sistent with the conflict of interest procedures of the 
Department. 
(4) PROHIBITION ON CONSTRUCTION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B)— 
(i) no funds provided under this sec-
tion may be used for construction of new 
buildings or facilities for centers; and 
(ii) construction of new buildings or 
facilities shall not be considered as part of 
the non-Federal share of a Hub cost-shar-
ing agreement. 
(B) TEST BED AND RENOVATION EXCEP-
TION.—Nothing in this paragraph prohibits the 
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use of funds provided under this section or non- 
Federal cost share funds for the construction of 
a test bed or renovations to existing user facili-
ties if the Secretary determines such facilities 
are necessary and applicable to conduct re-
search within the focus areas identified for each 
center. 
SEC. 422. VERSATILE NEUTRON SOURCE. 
Section 955(c) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
(U.S.C. 16275) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘2026’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2030’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (7), by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(F) $639,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
‘‘(G) $1,005,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; 
‘‘(H) $1,081,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; 
‘‘(I) $910,000,000 for fiscal year 2029; 
and 
‘‘(J) $654,000,000 for fiscal year 2030.’’. 
SEC. 423. CARBON SEQUESTRATION RESEARCH AND DE-
VELOPMENT PROGRAM. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that power produced from fossil fuels is essential for 
maintaining the global competitiveness of United States 
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manufacturing and industrial processes, and that these 
domestic industries are critical to the prosperity and na-
tional security of the United States. 
(b) CARBON SEQUESTRATION RESEARCH INITIA-
TIVE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in 
coordination with the Secretary of the Interior, shall 
establish an initiative focused on the evaluation the 
sequestration of carbon dioxide in geologic forma-
tions in order to— 
(A) enhance the scientific understanding 
of, and reduce uncertainties associated with, the 
effects of carbon dioxide stored in geologic for-
mations for long and short term periods; and 
(B) 
inform 
improved 
risk-assessment 
methods, 
risk-management 
practices, 
and 
standards with respect to the storage of carbon 
dioxide in geologic formations on large and 
small scale. 
(2) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out 
the initiative under subsection (a), the Secretary of 
Energy shall— 
(A) identify ongoing scientific challenges 
for understanding the long and short term ef-
fects of sequestered carbon dioxide, especially in 
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shallow geologic formations and sites not used 
for enhanced oil recovery; 
(B) develop a long-term strategic and 
prioritized basic research agenda to address 
such scientific challenges in coordination with 
other research efforts; 
(C) leverage the collective body of knowl-
edge from existing carbon utilization and se-
questration research, including from the United 
States Geological Survey and the national Car-
bon Utilization Research Center; and 
(D) engage with other Federal agencies, 
research communities, and potential users of in-
formation produced under this section. 
(3) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the initia-
tive under subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy 
shall ensure coordination with relevant Federal 
agencies, including the Department of the Interior, 
the Environmental Protection Agency, and the De-
partment of Agriculture, and prioritize the following 
objectives: 
(A) leveraging experience from existing en-
tities, demonstrations, and research sponsored 
by the Department, including Regional Carbon 
Sequestration Partnerships; 
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(B) increasing the understanding and de-
velopment of permanent soil carbon sequestra-
tion; 
(C) providing a coordinated update of car-
bon storage potential across the United States 
by integrating data with DOE’s Carbon Storage 
Atlas; and 
(D) developing computational tools, in co-
ordination with DOE’s Office of Advanced Sci-
entific Computing Research and the National 
Risk Assessment Partnership, to assess and 
manage potential environmental impacts at geo-
logic carbon dioxide storage sites. 
(4) DUPLICATION.—The Secretary shall ensure 
the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplica-
tion of, the activities of this initiative with the activi-
ties of— 
(A) other research entities of the Depart-
ment, including the National Laboratories, the 
Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy; 
and 
(B) industry. 
(5) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall transmit to the Committee on Science, 
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Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that 
identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relat-
ing to carbon sequestration in geologic formations. 
SEC. 424. FRONTIER OBSERVATORY FOR RESEARCH IN 
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. 
Section 615 (c)(7)(A) of the Energy Independence 
and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17194) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(vi) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 
2026; 
‘‘(vii) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 
2027; 
‘‘(viii) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 
2028; 
‘‘(ix) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029; 
‘‘(x) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and 
‘‘(xi) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 
2031.’’. 
SEC. 425. ENERGY STORAGE GRAND CHALLENGE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 
research challenge to be known as the ‘‘Energy Storage 
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Grand Challenge’’ (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Chal-
lenge’’) to support and accelerate the research, develop-
ment, and demonstration of advanced energy storage tech-
nologies, in order to— 
(1) support basic research in capabilities that 
enable temporal flexibility in the conversion of en-
ergy resources to useful energy services; 
(2) inform the development of a broad range of 
energy storage systems, including batteries, chemical 
storage, and thermal storage, with emphasis on in-
novative materials, manufacturing, and recycling; 
and 
(3) facilitate the translation of basic research 
results in energy storage to industry. 
(b) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs and ac-
tivities under the Challenge, the Secretary shall leverage 
expertise and resources and facilitate collaboration be-
tween— 
(1) the Office of Electricity; 
(2) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renew-
able Energy; 
(3) the Office of Fossil Energy; 
(4) the Office of Nuclear Energy; and 
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(5) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and 
Advanced Scientific Computing Program of the Of-
fice of Science. 
The Secretary may organize additional activities under 
this subsection through Energy Frontier Research Cen-
ters, Energy Innovation Hubs, or cross-cutting research 
programs. 
(c) GRID SCALE ENERGY STORAGE USER FACILI-
TIES.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to the Com-
mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan 
that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating 
to the development, construction, operation, and mainte-
nance of grid scale energy storage technology demonstra-
tion projects, which shall operate as national user facili-
ties. 
SEC. 426. CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND 
CONSTRUCTION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 
program of fundamental research, development, and early- 
stage demonstration of innovative engineered systems and 
tools to help ensure the resilience and security of critical 
integrated grid infrastructures. 
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(b) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall leverage expertise 
and resources and facilitate collaboration and coordination 
between— 
(1) the Office of Electricity; 
(2) the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Secu-
rity, and Emergency Response; 
(3) the Office of Science; 
(4) the Department of Defense; and 
(5) the Department of Homeland Security. 
(c) CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE TEST RANGE.—In 
carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Sec-
retary shall establish and operate a Critical Infrastructure 
Test Range (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Test 
Range’’) that allows for scalable physical and cyber per-
formance testing to be conducted on industry-scale infra-
structure systems. This facility shall include a focus on— 
(1) cyber security test beds; and 
(2) electric grid test beds. 
(d) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall select the Test 
Range under this section on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis. The Secretary shall consider applications from Na-
tional Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate 
entities. 
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(e) DURATION.—The Test Range established under 
this section shall receive support for a period of not more 
than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations. 
(f) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any period of 
support of the Test Range, the Secretary may renew sup-
port for the Test Range, on a merit-reviewed basis, for 
a period of not more than 5 years. 
(g) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing au-
thorities of the Department, the Secretary may terminate 
the Test Range for cause during the performance period. 
TITLE V—NATIONAL INSTITUTE 
OF STANDARDS AND TECH-
NOLOGY 
SEC. 501. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) The National Institute of Standards and 
Technology (NIST) promotes United States innova-
tion and industrial competitiveness by advancing 
measurement science, standards and technology in 
ways that enhance economic security and improve 
Americans’ quality of life. 
(2) NIST’s leadership in a broad range of cut-
ting-edge scientific endeavors including but not lim-
ited to quantum science and engineering, cybersecu-
rity, biologics, artificial intelligence (AI), machine 
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learning, additive manufacturing, disaster resilience, 
and international standards development is critical 
to America’s leadership in the industries of the fu-
ture. 
(3) NIST’s role as the Nation’s laboratory for 
industry is critical to maintaining the economic and 
national security of the United States. 
SEC. 502. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) FISCAL YEAR 2022.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated 
to 
the 
Secretary 
of 
Commerce 
$1,244,800,000 for the National Institute of Stand-
ards and Technology for fiscal year 2022. 
(2) SPECIFIC
ALLOCATIONS.—Of the amount 
authorized by paragraph (1)— 
(A) $866,800,000 shall be for scientific 
and technical research and services laboratory 
activities, of which $9,900,000 may be trans-
ferred to the Working Capital Fund; 
(B) $200,000,000 shall be for the con-
struction and maintenance of facilities, of which 
$120,000,000 shall be for Safety, Capacity, 
Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including 
$20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; and 
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