SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Financial Institution 
Bankruptcy Act of 2016’’. 
SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO COVERED FI-
NANCIAL CORPORATIONS. 
(a) DEFINITION.—Section 101 of title 11, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting the following after 
paragraph (9): 
‘‘(9A) The term ‘covered financial corporation’ 
means any corporation incorporated or organized 
under any Federal or State law, other than a stock-
broker, a commodity broker, or an entity of the kind 
specified in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 109(b), 
that is— 
‘‘(A) a bank holding company, as defined 
in section 2(a) of the Bank Holding Company 
Act of 1956; or 
‘‘(B) a corporation that exists for the pri-
mary purpose of owning, controlling and financ-
ing its subsidiaries, that has total consolidated 
assets of $50,000,000,000 or greater, and for 
which, in its most recently completed fiscal 
year— 
‘‘(i) annual gross revenues derived by 
the corporation and all of its subsidiaries 
from activities that are financial in nature
(as defined in section 4(k) of the Bank 
Holding Company Act of 1956) and, if ap-
plicable, from the ownership or control of 
one or more insured depository institu-
tions, represents 85 percent or more of the 
consolidated annual gross revenues of the 
corporation; or 
‘‘(ii) the consolidated assets of the 
corporation and all of its subsidiaries re-
lated to activities that are financial in na-
ture (as defined in section 4(k) of the 
Bank Holding Company Act of 1956) and, 
if applicable, related to the ownership or 
control of one or more insured depository 
institutions, represents 85 percent or more 
of the consolidated assets of the corpora-
tion.’’. 
(b) APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTERS.—Section 103 of 
title 11, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(l) Subchapter V of chapter 11 of this title applies 
only in a case under chapter 11 concerning a covered fi-
nancial corporation.’’. 
(c) WHO MAY BE A DEBTOR.—Section 109 of title 
11, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘or’’ at 
the end; 
(B) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) a covered financial corporation.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘and’’ before ‘‘an unin-
sured State member bank’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘or’’ before ‘‘a corpora-
tion’’; and 
(C) by inserting ‘‘, or a covered financial 
corporation’’ after ‘‘Federal Deposit Insurance 
Corporation Improvement Act of 1991’’. 
(d) CONVERSION TO CHAPTER 7.—Section 1112 of 
title 11, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(g) Notwithstanding section 109(b), the court may 
convert a case under subchapter V to a case under chapter 
7 if— 
‘‘(1) a transfer approved under section 1185 
has been consummated; 
‘‘(2) the court has ordered the appointment of 
a special trustee under section 1186; and
‘‘(3) the court finds, after notice and a hearing, 
that conversion is in the best interest of the credi-
tors and the estate.’’. 
(e)(1) Section 726(a)(1) of title 11, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting after ‘‘first,’’ the following: 
‘‘in payment of any unpaid fees, costs, and expenses of 
a special trustee appointed under section 1186, and then’’. 
(2) Section 1129(a) of title 11, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting after paragraph (16) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(17) In a case under subchapter V, all payable 
fees, costs, and expenses of the special trustee have 
been paid or the plan provides for the payment of 
all such fees, costs, and expenses on the effective 
date of the plan. 
‘‘(18) In a case under subchapter V, confirma-
tion of the plan is not likely to cause serious adverse 
effects on financial stability in the United States.’’. 
(f) Section 322(b)(2) of title 11, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘The’’ and inserting ‘‘In cases 
under subchapter V, the United States trustee shall rec-
ommend to the court, and in all other cases, the’’.
SEC. 3. LIQUIDATION, REORGANIZATION, OR RECAPITAL-
IZATION OF A COVERED FINANCIAL COR-
PORATION. 
Chapter 11 of title 11, United States Code, is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER V—LIQUIDATION, REORGANIZA-
TION, OR RECAPITALIZATION OF A COV-
ERED FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
‘‘§ 1181. Inapplicability of other sections 
‘‘Sections 303 and 321(c) do not apply in a case 
under this subchapter concerning a covered financial cor-
poration. Section 365 does not apply to a transfer under 
section 1185, 1187, or 1188. 
‘‘§ 1182. Definitions for this subchapter 
‘‘In this subchapter, the following definitions shall 
apply: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘Board’ means the Board of 
Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘bridge company’ means a newly 
formed corporation to which property of the estate 
may be transferred under section 1185(a) and the 
equity securities of which may be transferred to a 
special trustee under section 1186(a). 
‘‘(3) The term ‘capital structure debt’ means all 
unsecured debt of the debtor for borrowed money for 
which the debtor is the primary obligor, other than
a qualified financial contract and other than debt se-
cured by a lien on property of the estate that is to 
be transferred to a bridge company pursuant to an 
order of the court under section 1185(a). 
‘‘(4) The term ‘contractual right’ means a con-
tractual right of a kind defined in section 555, 556, 
559, 560, or 561. 
‘‘(5) The term ‘qualified financial contract’ 
means any contract of a kind defined in paragraph 
(25), (38A), (47), or (53B) of section 101, section 
741(7), or paragraph (4), (5), (11), or (13) of sec-
tion 761. 
‘‘(6) The term ‘special trustee’ means the trust-
ee of a trust formed under section 1186(a)(1). 
‘‘§ 1183. Commencement of a case concerning a cov-
ered financial corporation 
‘‘(a) A case under this subchapter concerning a cov-
ered financial corporation may be commenced by the filing 
of a petition with the court by the debtor under section 
301 only if the debtor states to the best of its knowledge 
under penalty of perjury in the petition that it is a covered 
financial corporation. 
‘‘(b) The commencement of a case under subsection 
(a) constitutes an order for relief under this subchapter.
‘‘(c) The members of the board of directors (or body 
performing similar functions) of a covered financial com-
pany shall have no liability to shareholders, creditors, or 
other parties in interest for a good faith filing of a petition 
to commence a case under this subchapter, or for any rea-
sonable action taken in good faith in contemplation of or 
in connection with such a petition or a transfer under sec-
tion 1185 or section 1186, whether prior to or after com-
mencement of the case. 
‘‘(d) Counsel to the debtor shall provide, to the great-
est extent practicable without disclosing the identity of the 
potential debtor, sufficient confidential notice to the chief 
judge of the court of appeals for the circuit embracing the 
district in which such counsel intends to file a petition to 
commence a case under this subchapter regarding the po-
tential commencement of such case. The chief judge of 
such court shall randomly assign to preside over such case 
a bankruptcy judge selected from among the bankruptcy 
judges designated by the Chief Justice of the United 
States under section 298 of title 28. 
‘‘§ 1184. Regulators 
‘‘The Board, the Securities Exchange Commission, 
the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of the De-
partment of the Treasury, the Commodity Futures Trad-
ing Commission, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Cor-
poration may raise and may appear and be heard on any 
issue in any case or proceeding under this subchapter. 
‘‘§ 1185. Special transfer of property of the estate 
‘‘(a) On request of the trustee, and after notice and 
a hearing that shall occur not less than 24 hours after 
the order for relief, the court may order a transfer under 
this section of property of the estate, and the assignment 
of executory contracts, unexpired leases, and qualified fi-
nancial contracts of the debtor, to a bridge company. 
Upon the entry of an order approving such transfer, any 
property transferred, and any executory contracts, unex-
pired leases, and qualified financial contracts assigned 
under such order shall no longer be property of the estate. 
Except as provided under this section, the provisions of 
section 363 shall apply to a transfer and assignment under 
this section. 
‘‘(b) Unless the court orders otherwise, notice of a 
request for an order under subsection (a) shall consist of 
electronic or telephonic notice of not less than 24 hours 
to— 
‘‘(1) the debtor; 
‘‘(2) the holders of the 20 largest secured 
claims against the debtor; 
‘‘(3) the holders of the 20 largest unsecured 
claims against the debtor;
‘‘(4) counterparties to any debt, executory con-
tract, unexpired lease, and qualified financial con-
tract requested to be transferred under this section; 
‘‘(5) the Board; 
‘‘(6) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corpora-
tion; 
‘‘(7) the Secretary of the Treasury and the Of-
fice of the Comptroller of the Currency of the Treas-
ury; 
‘‘(8) the Commodity Futures Trading Commis-
sion; 
‘‘(9) the Securities and Exchange Commission; 
‘‘(10) the United States trustee or bankruptcy 
administrator; and 
‘‘(11) each primary financial regulatory agency, 
as defined in section 2(12) of the Dodd-Frank Wall 
Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, with 
respect to any affiliate the equity securities of which 
are proposed to be transferred under this section. 
‘‘(c) The court may not order a transfer under this 
section unless the court determines, based upon a prepon-
derance of the evidence, that— 
‘‘(1) the transfer under this section is necessary 
to prevent serious adverse effects on financial sta-
bility in the United States;
‘‘(2) the transfer does not provide for the as-
sumption of any capital structure debt by the bridge 
company; 
‘‘(3) the transfer does not provide for the trans-
fer to the bridge company of any property of the es-
tate that is subject to a lien securing a debt, execu-
tory contract, unexpired lease or agreement (includ-
ing a qualified financial contract) of the debtor un-
less— 
‘‘(A)(i) the bridge company assumes such 
debt, executory contract, unexpired lease or 
agreement (including a qualified financial con-
tract), including any claims arising in respect 
thereof that would not be allowed secured 
claims under section 506(a)(1) and after giving 
effect to such transfer, such property remains 
subject to the lien securing such debt, executory 
contract, unexpired lease or agreement (includ-
ing a qualified financial contract); and 
‘‘(ii) the court has determined that as-
sumption of such debt, executory contract, un-
expired lease or agreement (including a quali-
fied financial contract) by the bridge company 
is in the best interests of the estate; or
‘‘(B) such property is being transferred to 
the bridge company in accordance with the pro-
visions of section 363; 
‘‘(4) the transfer does not provide for the as-
sumption by the bridge company of any debt, execu-
tory contract, unexpired lease or agreement (includ-
ing a qualified financial contract) of the debtor se-
cured by a lien on property of the estate unless the 
transfer provides for such property to be transferred 
to the bridge company in accordance with paragraph 
(3)(A) of this subsection; 
‘‘(5) the transfer does not provide for the trans-
fer of the equity of the debtor; 
‘‘(6) the trustee has demonstrated that the 
bridge company is not likely to fail to meet the obli-
gations of any debt, executory contract, qualified fi-
nancial contract, or unexpired lease assumed and as-
signed to the bridge company; 
‘‘(7) the transfer provides for the transfer to a 
special trustee all of the equity securities in the 
bridge company and appointment of a special trustee 
in accordance with section 1186; 
‘‘(8) after giving effect to the transfer, ade-
quate provision has been made for the fees, costs, 
and expenses of the estate and special trustee; and
‘‘(9) the bridge company will have governing 
documents, and initial directors and senior officers, 
that are in the best interest of creditors and the es-
tate. 
‘‘(d) Immediately before a transfer under this section, 
the bridge company that is the recipient of the transfer 
shall— 
‘‘(1) not have any property, executory con-
tracts, unexpired leases, qualified financial contracts, 
or debts, other than any property acquired or execu-
tory contracts, unexpired leases, or debts assumed 
when acting as a transferee of a transfer under this 
section; and 
‘‘(2) have equity securities that are property of 
the estate, which may be sold or distributed in ac-
cordance with this title. 
‘‘§ 1186. Special trustee 
‘‘(a)(1) An order approving a transfer under section 
1185 shall require the trustee to transfer to a qualified 
and independent special trustee, who is appointed by the 
court, all of the equity securities in the bridge company 
that is the recipient of a transfer under section 1185 to 
hold in trust for the sole benefit of the estate, subject to 
satisfaction of the special trustee’s fees, costs, and ex-
penses. The trust of which the special trustee is the trust-
‘‘(3) that for as long as the equity securities of 
the bridge company are held by the trust, the special 
trustee shall file a notice with the court in connec-
tion with— 
‘‘(A) any change in a director or senior of-
ficer of the bridge company; 
‘‘(B) any modification to the governing 
documents of the bridge company; and 
‘‘(C) any material corporate action of the 
bridge company, including— 
‘‘(i) recapitalization; 
‘‘(ii) a material borrowing; 
‘‘(iii) termination of an intercompany 
debt or guarantee; 
‘‘(iv) a transfer of a substantial por-
tion of the assets of the bridge company; 
or 
‘‘(v) the issuance or sale of any secu-
rities of the bridge company; 
‘‘(4) that any sale of any equity securities of 
the bridge company shall not be consummated until 
the special trustee consults with the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation and the Board regarding 
such sale and discloses the results of such consulta-
tion with the court;
‘‘(5) that, subject to reserves for payments per-
mitted under paragraph (1) provided for in the trust 
agreement, the proceeds of the sale of any equity se-
curities of the bridge company by the special trustee 
be held in trust for the benefit of or transferred to 
the estate; 
‘‘(6) the process and guidelines for the replace-
ment of the special trustee; and 
‘‘(7) that the property held in trust by the spe-
cial trustee is subject to distribution in accordance 
with subsection (c). 
‘‘(c)(1) The special trustee shall distribute the assets 
held in trust— 
‘‘(A) if the court confirms a plan in the case, 
in accordance with the plan on the effective date of 
the plan; or 
‘‘(B) if the case is converted to a case under 
chapter 7, as ordered by the court. 
‘‘(2) As soon as practicable after a final distribution 
under paragraph (1), the office of the special trustee shall 
terminate, except as may be necessary to wind up and con-
clude the business and financial affairs of the trust. 
‘‘(d) After a transfer to the special trustee under this 
section, the special trustee shall be subject only to applica-
ble nonbankruptcy law, and the actions and conduct of
the special trustee shall no longer be subject to approval 
by the court in the case under this subchapter. 
‘‘§ 1187. Temporary and supplemental automatic stay; 
assumed debt 
‘‘(a)(1) A petition filed under section 1183 operates 
as a stay, applicable to all entities, of the termination, ac-
celeration, or modification of any debt, contract, lease, or 
agreement of the kind described in paragraph (2), or of 
any right or obligation under any such debt, contract, 
lease, or agreement, solely because of— 
‘‘(A) a default by the debtor under any such 
debt, contract, lease, or agreement; or 
‘‘(B) a provision in such debt, contract, lease, 
or agreement, or in applicable nonbankruptcy law, 
that is conditioned on— 
‘‘(i) the insolvency or financial condition of 
the debtor at any time before the closing of the 
case; 
‘‘(ii) the commencement of a case under 
this title concerning the debtor; 
‘‘(iii) the appointment of or taking posses-
sion by a trustee in a case under this title con-
cerning the debtor or by a custodian before the 
commencement of the case; or
‘‘(iv) a credit rating agency rating, or ab-
sence or withdrawal of a credit rating agency 
rating— 
‘‘(I) of the debtor at any time after 
the commencement of the case; 
‘‘(II) of an affiliate during the period 
from the commencement of the case until 
48 hours after such order is entered; 
‘‘(III) of the bridge company while the 
trustee or the special trustee is a direct or 
indirect beneficial holder of more than 50 
percent of the equity securities of— 
‘‘(aa) the bridge company; or 
‘‘(bb) the affiliate, if all of the di-
rect or indirect interests in the affil-
iate that are property of the estate 
are transferred under section 1185; or 
‘‘(IV) of an affiliate while the trustee 
or the special trustee is a direct or indirect 
beneficial holder of more than 50 percent 
of the equity securities of— 
‘‘(aa) the bridge company; or 
‘‘(bb) the affiliate, if all of the di-
rect or indirect interests in the affil-
iate that are property of the estate 
are transferred under section 1185. 
‘‘(2) A debt, contract, lease, or agreement described 
in this paragraph is— 
‘‘(A) any debt (other than capital structure 
debt), executory contract, or unexpired lease of the 
debtor (other than a qualified financial contract); 
‘‘(B) any agreement under which the debtor 
issued or is obligated for debt (other than capital 
structure debt); 
‘‘(C) any debt, executory contract, or unexpired 
lease of an affiliate (other than a qualified financial 
contract); or 
‘‘(D) any agreement under which an affiliate 
issued or is obligated for debt. 
‘‘(3) The stay under this subsection terminates— 
‘‘(A) for the benefit of the debtor, upon the ear-
liest of— 
‘‘(i) 48 hours after the commencement of 
the case; 
‘‘(ii) assumption of the debt, contract, 
lease, or agreement by the bridge company 
under an order authorizing a transfer under 
section 1185;
‘‘(iii) a final order of the court denying the 
request for a transfer under section 1185; or 
‘‘(iv) the time the case is dismissed; and 
‘‘(B) for the benefit of an affiliate, upon the 
earliest of— 
‘‘(i) the entry of an order authorizing a 
transfer under section 1185 in which the direct 
or indirect interests in the affiliate that are 
property of the estate are not transferred under 
section 1185; 
‘‘(ii) a final order by the court denying the 
request for a transfer under section 1185; 
‘‘(iii) 48 hours after the commencement of 
the case if the court has not ordered a transfer 
under section 1185; or 
‘‘(iv) the time the case is dismissed. 
‘‘(4) Subsections (d), (e), (f), and (g) of section 362 
apply to a stay under this subsection. 
‘‘(b) A debt, executory contract (other than a quali-
fied financial contract), or unexpired lease of the debtor, 
or an agreement under which the debtor has issued or is 
obligated for any debt, may be assumed by a bridge com-
pany in a transfer under section 1185 notwithstanding 
any provision in an agreement or in applicable nonbank-
ruptcy law that—
‘‘(1) prohibits, restricts, or conditions the as-
signment of the debt, contract, lease, or agreement; 
or 
‘‘(2) accelerates, terminates, or modifies, or 
permits a party other than the debtor to terminate 
or modify, the debt, contract, lease, or agreement on 
account of— 
‘‘(A) the assignment of the debt, contract, 
lease, or agreement; or 
‘‘(B) a change in control of any party to 
the debt, contract, lease, or agreement. 
‘‘(c)(1) A debt, contract, lease, or agreement of the 
kind described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection 
(a)(2) may not be accelerated, terminated, or modified, 
and any right or obligation under such debt, contract, 
lease, or agreement may not be accelerated, terminated, 
or modified, as to the bridge company solely because of 
a provision in the debt, contract, lease, or agreement or 
in applicable nonbankruptcy law— 
‘‘(A) of the kind described in subsection 
(a)(1)(B) as applied to the debtor; 
‘‘(B) that prohibits, restricts, or conditions the 
assignment of the debt, contract, lease, or agree-
ment; or
‘‘(C) that accelerates, terminates, or modifies, 
or permits a party other than the debtor to termi-
nate or modify, the debt, contract, lease or agree-
ment on account of— 
‘‘(i) the assignment of the debt, contract, 
lease, or agreement; or 
‘‘(ii) a change in control of any party to 
the debt, contract, lease, or agreement. 
‘‘(2) If there is a default by the debtor under a provi-
sion other than the kind described in paragraph (1) in 
a debt, contract, lease or agreement of the kind described 
in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2), the 
bridge company may assume such debt, contract, lease, 
or agreement only if the bridge company— 
‘‘(A) shall cure the default; 
‘‘(B) compensates, or provides adequate assur-
ance in connection with a transfer under section 
1185 that the bridge company will promptly com-
pensate, a party other than the debtor to the debt, 
contract, lease, or agreement, for any actual pecu-
niary loss to the party resulting from the default; 
and 
‘‘(C) provides adequate assurance in connection 
with a transfer under section 1185 of future per-
formance under the debt, contract, lease, or agree-
ment, as determined by the court under section 
1185(c)(4). 
‘‘§ 1188. Treatment of qualified financial contracts 
and affiliate contracts 
‘‘(a) Notwithstanding sections 362(b)(6), 362(b)(7), 
362(b)(17), 362(b)(27), 362(o), 555, 556, 559, 560, and 
561, a petition filed under section 1183 operates as a stay, 
during the period specified in section 1187(a)(3)(A), ap-
plicable to all entities, of the exercise of a contractual 
right— 
‘‘(1) to cause the modification, liquidation, ter-
mination, or acceleration of a qualified financial con-
tract of the debtor or an affiliate; 
‘‘(2) to offset or net out any termination value, 
payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising 
under or in connection with a qualified financial con-
tract of the debtor or an affiliate; or 
‘‘(3) under any security agreement or arrange-
ment or other credit enhancement forming a part of 
or related to a qualified financial contract of the 
debtor or an affiliate. 
‘‘(b)(1) During the period specified in section 
1187(a)(3)(A), the trustee or the affiliate shall perform 
all payment and delivery obligations under such qualified 
financial contract of the debtor or the affiliate, as the case
may be, that become due after the commencement of the 
case. The stay provided under subsection (a) terminates 
as to a qualified financial contract of the debtor or an 
affiliate immediately upon the failure of the trustee or the 
affiliate, as the case may be, to perform any such obliga-
tion during such period. 
‘‘(2) Any failure by a counterparty to any qualified 
financial contract of the debtor or any affiliate to perform 
any payment or delivery obligation under such qualified 
financial contract, including during the pendency of the 
stay provided under subsection (a), shall constitute a 
breach of such qualified financial contract by the 
counterparty. 
‘‘(c) Subject to the court’s approval, a qualified finan-
cial contract between an entity and the debtor may be as-
signed to or assumed by the bridge company in a transfer 
under, and in accordance with, section 1185 if and only 
if— 
‘‘(1) all qualified financial contracts between 
the entity and the debtor are assigned to and as-
sumed by the bridge company in the transfer under 
section 1185; 
‘‘(2) all claims of the entity against the debtor 
in respect of any qualified financial contract between 
the entity and the debtor (other than any claim that,