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coln’s birth, by a multiracial group of activists who met 
in a national conference to discuss the civil and political 
rights of African-Americans; 
Whereas the NAACP was founded by a distinguished group 
of leaders in the struggle for civil and political liberty, in-
cluding Ida Wells-Barnett, W.E.B. DuBois, Henry 
Moscowitz, Mary White Ovington, Oswald Garrison 
Villard, and William English Walling; 
Whereas the NAACP is the oldest and largest civil rights or-
ganization in the United States; 
Whereas the NAACP National Headquarters is located in 
Baltimore, Maryland; 
Whereas the mission of the NAACP is to ensure the political, 
educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all 
persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial dis-
crimination; 
Whereas the NAACP is committed to achieving its goals 
through nonviolence; 
Whereas the NAACP advances its mission through reliance 
upon the press, the petition, the ballot, and the courts, 
and has been persistent in the use of legal and moral per-
suasion, even in the face of overt and violent racial hos-
tility; 
Whereas the NAACP has used political pressure, marches, 
demonstrations, and effective lobbying to serve as the 
voice, as well as the shield, for minorities in the United 
States; 
Whereas after years of fighting segregation in public schools, 
the NAACP, under the leadership of Special Counsel 
Thurgood Marshall, won one of its greatest legal victories 
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in the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of 
Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954); 
Whereas in 1955, NAACP member Rosa Parks was arrested 
and fined for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated 
bus in Montgomery, Alabama, an act of courage that 
would serve as the catalyst for the largest grassroots civil 
rights movement in the history of the United States; 
Whereas the NAACP was prominent in lobbying for the pas-
sage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964, 
the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Fannie Lou Hamer, 
Rosa Parks, Coretta Scott King, Ce´sar E. Cha´vez, Bar-
bara C. Jordan, William C. Vela´squez, and Dr. Hector P. 
Garcia Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amend-
ments Act of 2006, and the Fair Housing Act, laws that 
ensured Government protection for legal victories 
achieved; 
Whereas in 2005, the NAACP launched the Disaster Relief 
Fund to help hurricane survivors in Louisiana, Mis-
sissippi, Texas, Florida, and Alabama to rebuild their 
lives; 
Whereas in the 110th Congress, the NAACP was prominent 
in lobbying for the passage of H. Res. 826, whose re-
solved clause expresses that the hanging of nooses is a 
horrible act when used for the purpose of intimidation 
and which under certain circumstances can be criminal, 
this conduct should be investigated thoroughly by Federal 
authorities, and any criminal violations should be vigor-
ously prosecuted; 
Whereas in 2008, the NAACP vigorously supported the pas-
sage of the Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act 
of 2007, a law that puts additional Federal resources 
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into solving the heinous crimes that occurred in the early 
days of the civil rights struggle that remain unsolved and 
bringing those who perpetrated such crimes to justice; 
Whereas the NAACP has helped usher in the new millennium 
by charting a bold course, beginning with the appoint-
ment of the organization’s youngest President and Chief 
Executive Officer, Benjamin Todd Jealous, and its 
youngest female Board Chair, Roslyn M. Brock; 
Whereas under their leadership, the NAACP has outlined a 
strategic plan to confront 21st century challenges in the 
critical areas of health, education, housing, criminal jus-
tice, and environment; 
Whereas, on July 16, 2009, the NAACP celebrated its cen-
tennial anniversary in New York City, highlighting an ex-
traordinary century of Bold Dreams, Big Victories with 
a historic address from the first African-American Presi-
dent of the United States, Barack Obama; 
Whereas as an advocate for sentencing reform, the NAACP 
applauded the passage of the Fair Sentencing Act of 
2010 (Public Law 111–220; 124 Stat. 2372), a landmark 
piece of legislation that reduces the quantity of crack co-
caine that triggers a mandatory minimum sentence for a 
Federal conviction of crack cocaine distribution from 100 
times that of people convicted of distributing the drug in 
powdered form to 18 times that sentence; and 
Whereas in 2011, the NAACP led the charge to defend the 
constitutional right to vote and to protect that right for 
all citizens of the United States, whether they be seniors, 
young voters, the poor, or from minority communities: 
Now, therefore, be it 
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Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 
concurring), That Congress— 
(1) recognizes the 103rd anniversary of the his-
toric founding of the National Association for the 
Advancement of Colored People; and 
(2) honors and praises the National Association 
for the Advancement of Colored People on the occa-
sion of its anniversary for its work to ensure the po-
litical, educational, social, and economic equality of 
all persons. 
Æ 
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