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(ii) who aid, abet, or benefit from the
efforts of the SPDC to impede the efforts of
the people of Burma to transition to democ-
racy and ensure respect for human dignity.
(6) The Burmese regime and its supporters fi-
nance their ongoing violations of human rights, un-
democratic policies, and military activities through
financial transactions, travel, and trade involving the
United States, including the sale of gemstones and
hardwoods.
(7) The SPDC seeks to evade the sanctions im-
posed in the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of
2003. Millions of dollars in gemstones that are ex-
ported from Burma ultimately enter the United
States, but the Burmese regime attempts to conceal
the origin of the gemstones in an effort to evade sanc-
tions. For example, over 90 percent of the world’s
ruby supply originates in Burma but only 3 percent
of the rubies entering the United States are claimed
to be of Burmese origin. The value of Burmese
gemstones is predominantly based on their original
quality and geological origin, rather than the labor
involved in cutting and polishing the gemstones.
(8) Burma is home to approximately 60 percent
of the world’s native teak reserves. More than 1⁄4 of the
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world’s internationally traded teak originates from
Burma, and hardwood sales, mainly of teak, represent
more than 11 percent of Burma’s official foreign ex-
change earnings.
(9) Burma officially exports tens of millions of
dollars worth of rubies, sapphires, pearls, jade, and
other precious stones each year and the SPDC owns
a majority stake in all mining operations within the
borders of Burma.
(10) On October 11, 2007, the United Nations
Security Council, with the consent of the People’s Re-
public of China, issued a statement condemning the
violence in Burma, urging the release of all political
prisoners, and calling on the SPDC to enter into a
United Nations-mediated dialogue with its political
opposition.
(11) The United Nations special envoy Ibrahim
Gambari traveled to Burma from September 29,
2007, through October 2, 2007, holding meetings with
SPDC leader General Than Shwe and democracy ad-
vocate Aung San Suu Kyi in an effort to promote
dialogue between the SPDC and democracy advocates.
(12) The leaders of the SPDC will have a greater
incentive to cooperate with diplomatic efforts by the
United Nations, the Association of Southeast Asian
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Nations, and the People’s Republic of China if they
come under targeted economic pressure that denies
them access to personal wealth and sources of revenue.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) ACCOUNT; CORRESPONDENT ACCOUNT; PAY-
ABLE-THROUGH
ACCOUNT.—The terms ‘‘account’’,
‘‘correspondent account’’, and ‘‘payable-through ac-
count’’ have the meanings given the terms in section
5318A(e)(1) of title 31, United States Code.
(2) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means—
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of
the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Finance of the Sen-
ate;
(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the
House of Representatives; and
(D) the Committee on Ways and Means of
the House of Representatives.
(3) ASEAN.—The term ‘‘ASEAN’’ means the
Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
(4) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means—
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(A) an individual, corporation, company,
business association, partnership, society, trust,
any other nongovernmental entity, organization,
or group; and
(B) any successor, subunit, or subsidiary of
any person described in subparagraph (A).
(5) SPDC.—The term ‘‘SPDC’’ means the State
Peace and Development Council, the ruling military
regime in Burma.
(6) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term ‘‘United
States person’’ means any United States citizen, per-
manent resident alien, juridical person organized
under the laws of the United States (including foreign
branches), or any person in the United States.
SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY.
It is the policy of the United States to—
(1) condemn the continued repression carried out
by the SPDC;
(2) work with the international community, es-
pecially the People’s Republic of China, India, Thai-
land, and ASEAN, to foster support for the legitimate
democratic aspirations of the people of Burma and to
coordinate efforts to impose sanctions on those di-
rectly responsible for human rights abuses in Burma;
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(3) provide all appropriate support and assist-
ance to aid a peaceful transition to constitutional de-
mocracy in Burma;
(4) support international efforts to alleviate the
suffering of Burmese refugees and address the urgent
humanitarian needs of the Burmese people; and
(5) identify individuals responsible for the re-
pression of peaceful political activity in Burma and
hold them accountable for their actions.
SEC. 5. SANCTIONS.
(a) LIST OF OFFICIALS OF THE SPDC.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees a list of—
(A) officials of the SPDC who have played
a direct and substantial role in the repression of
peaceful political activity in Burma or in the
commission of other human rights abuses, in-
cluding any current or former officials of the se-
curity services and judicial institutions of the
SPDC; and
(B) any other Burmese persons who provide
substantial economic and political support for
the SPDC.
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(2) UPDATES.—The President shall regularly
submit updated versions of the list required under
paragraph (1).
(b) SANCTIONS.—
(1) VISA BAN.—A person included on the list re-
quired under subsection (a) shall be ineligible for a
visa to enter the United States.
(2) FINANCIAL SANCTIONS.—
(A) BLOCKED PROPERTY.—No property or
interest in property belonging to a person de-
scribed in subparagraph (C) may be transferred,
paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt
with if—
(i) the property is located in the
United States or within the possession or
control of a United States person, including
the overseas branch of a United States per-
son; or
(ii) the property comes into the posses-
sion or control of a United States person
after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(B) 
FINANCIAL
TRANSACTIONS.—Except
with respect to transactions authorized under
Executive Orders 13047 (May 20, 1997) and
13310 (July 28, 2003), no United States person
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opening or maintaining in the United States of a cor-
respondent account or payable-through account by
any financial institution (as that term is defined in
section 5312 of title 31, United States Code) or finan-
cial agency that is organized under the laws of a
State, territory, or possession of the United States, for
or on behalf of a foreign banking institution, if the
Secretary determines that the account might be
used—
(A) by a foreign banking institution that
holds property or an interest in property belong-
ing to a person on the list required under sub-
section (a); or
(B) to conduct a transaction on behalf of a
person on the list required under subsection (a).
(2) AUTHORITY TO DEFINE TERMS.—The Sec-
retary of the Treasury may, by regulation, further de-
fine the terms used in paragraph (1) for purposes of
this section, as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section
may be construed to prohibit any contract or other finan-
cial transaction with any nongovernmental humanitarian
organization in Burma.
(e) EXCEPTIONS.—
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The prohibitions and restric-
tions described in subsections (b) and (c) shall not
apply to medicine, medical equipment or supplies,
food or feed, or any other form of humanitarian as-
sistance provided to Burma as relief in response to a
humanitarian crisis.
(2) ADDITIONAL EXCEPTIONS.—The Secretary of
the Treasury may, by regulation, authorize exceptions
to the prohibitions and restrictions described in sub-
section (b) and (c)—
(A) to permit the United States to operate
its diplomatic mission;
(B) to permit United States citizens to visit
Burma; and
(C) for such other purposes as the Secretary
determines to be necessary.
(f) PENALTIES.—Any person who violates any prohibi-
tion or restriction described in subsection (b) or (c) shall
be subject to the penalties under section 6 of the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1705) to the same extent as for a violation under that Act.
(g) TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.—The sanctions im-
posed under subsection (b) or (c) shall apply until the Presi-
dent determines and certifies to the appropriate congres-
sional committees that the SPDC has—
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(1) unconditionally released all political pris-
oners, including Aung San Suu Kyi and other mem-
bers of the National League for Democracy;
(2) entered into a substantive dialogue with
democratic forces led by the National League for De-
mocracy and the ethnic minorities of Burma on
transitioning to democratic government under the
rule of law; and
(3) allowed humanitarian access to populations
affected by armed conflict in all regions of Burma.
(h) WAIVER.—The sanctions described in subsection
(b) or (c) may be waived if the President determines and
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that
such waiver is in the national interest of the United States.
SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF BURMESE
GEMS, HARDWOODS, AND OTHER ITEMS.
Section 3(a)(1) of the Burmese Freedom and Democ-
racy Act of 2003 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘a product of Burma.’’ and inserting ‘‘produced, mined,
manufactured, grown, or assembled in Burma, including—
‘‘(A) any gemstone or rough unfinished geo-
logical material mined or extracted from Burma,
whether imported as a loose item or as a compo-
nent of a finished piece of jewelry; and
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‘‘(B) any teak or other hardwood timber, re-
gardless of the country in which such hardwood
timber is milled, sawn, or otherwise processed,
whether imported in unprocessed form or as a
part or component of finished furniture or an-
other wood item.’’.
SEC. 7. SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE AND POLICY COORDI-
NATOR FOR BURMA.
(a) UNITED STATES SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE AND
POLICY COORDINATOR FOR BURMA.—The President shall
appoint a Special Representative and Policy Coordinator
for Burma, by and with the advice and consent of the Sen-
ate.
(b) RANK.—The Special Representative and Policy Co-
ordinator for Burma appointed under subsection (a) shall
have the rank of ambassador and shall hold the office at
the pleasure of the President.
(c) DUTIES
AND RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Special
Representative and Policy Coordinator for Burma shall—
(1) promote a comprehensive international effort,
including multilateral sanctions, direct dialogue with
the SPDC and democracy advocates, and support for
nongovernmental organizations operating in Burma
and neighboring countries, designed to restore civilian
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democratic rule to Burma and address the urgent hu-
manitarian needs of the Burmese people;
(2) consult broadly, including with the Govern-
ments of the People’s Republic of China, India, Thai-
land, and Japan, and the members of ASEAN and
the European Union to coordinate policies toward
Burma;
(3) assist efforts by the United Nations Special
Envoy to secure the release of all political prisoners
in Burma and to promote dialogue between the SPDC
and leaders of Burma’s democracy movement, includ-
ing Aung San Suu Kyi;
(4) consult with Congress on policies relevant to
Burma and the future and welfare of all the Burmese
people, including refugees; and
(5) coordinate the imposition of Burma sanc-
tions within the United States Government and with
the relevant international financial institutions.
SEC. 8. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COORDINATION WITH THE
ASSOCIATION 
OF 
SOUTHEAST 
ASIAN 
NA-
TIONS.
It is the sense of Congress that the United States—
(1) joins the foreign ministers of member nations
of ASEAN that have expressed concern over the
human rights situation in Burma;
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(2) encourages ASEAN to take more substantial
steps to ensure a peaceful transition to democracy in
Burma;
(3) welcomes steps by ASEAN to strengthen its
internal governance through the adoption of a formal
ASEAN charter;
(4) urges ASEAN to ensure that all members live
up to their membership obligations and adhere to the
core principles of ASEAN, including respect for, and
commitment to, human rights; and
(5) would welcome a decision by ASEAN, con-
sistent with its core documents and its new charter,
to review Burma’s membership in ASEAN and con-
sider appropriate disciplinary measures, including
suspension, until such time as the Government of
Burma has demonstrated an improved respect for,
and commitment to, human rights.
SEC. 9. SUPPORT FOR CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY IN
BURMA.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized to as-
sist Burmese democracy activists who are dedicated to non-
violent opposition to the SPDC in their efforts to promote
freedom, democracy, and human rights in Burma.
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(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are
authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to the Secretary
of State for fiscal year 2008 to—
(1) provide aid to democracy activists in Burma;
(2) provide aid to individuals and groups con-
ducting democracy programming outside of Burma
targeted at a peaceful transition to constitutional de-
mocracy inside Burma; and
(3) expand radio and television broadcasting
into Burma.
SEC. 10. SUPPORT FOR NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZA-
TIONS 
ADDRESSING 
THE 
HUMANITARIAN
NEEDS OF THE BURMESE PEOPLE.
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress
that the international community should increase support
for nongovernmental organizations attempting to meet the
urgent humanitarian needs of the Burmese people.
(b) LICENSES FOR HUMANITARIAN OR RELIGIOUS AC-
TIVITIES IN BURMA.—Section 5 of the Burmese Freedom
and Democracy Act of 2003 (50 U.S.C. 1701) is amended—
(1) by inserting ‘‘(a) OPPOSITION TO ASSIST-
ANCE TO BURMA’’ before ‘‘The Secretary’’; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(b) LICENSES FOR HUMANITARIAN OR RELIGIOUS
ACTIVITIES IN BURMA.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
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sion of law, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to
issue multi-year licenses for humanitarian or religious ac-
tivities in Burma. Licenses issued pursuant to this section
shall be subject to annual review.’’.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2),
there are authorized to be appropriated $11,000,000
to the Secretary of State for fiscal year 2008 to sup-
port operations by nongovernmental organizations de-
signed to address the humanitarian needs of the Bur-
mese people inside Burma and in refugee camps in
neighboring countries.
(2) LIMITATION.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Except as provided
under subparagraph (B), amounts appropriated
pursuant to paragraph (1) may not be provided
to—
(i) SPDC-controlled entities;
(ii) entities run by members of the
SPDC or their families; or
(iii) entities providing cash or re-
sources to the SPDC, including organiza-
tions affiliated with the United Nations.
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(B) WAIVER.—The President may waive the
funding restriction described in subparagraph
(A) if—
(i) the President determines and cer-
tifies to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees that such waiver is in the national
security interests of the United States;
(ii) a description of the national secu-
rity need for the waiver is submitted to the
appropriate congressional committees; and
(iii) the description submitted under
clause (ii) is posted on a publicly accessible
Internet Web site of the Department of
State.
SEC. 11. REPORT ON MILITARY AID TO BURMA.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State
shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees that—
(1) contains a list of countries that provide mili-
tary aid to Burma; and
(2) describes the military aid provided by each
of the countries described in paragraph (1).
(b) MILITARY AID DEFINED.—In this section, the term
‘‘military aid’’ includes—
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(1) the provision of weapons, military vehicles,
and military aircraft;
(2) the provision of military training; and
(3) conducting joint military exercises.
(c) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a)
shall be submitted in unclassified form and may include
a classified annex.
SEC. 12. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INTERNATIONAL ARMS
SALES TO BURMA.
It is the sense of Congress that the United States should
lead efforts in the United Nations Security Council to im-
pose a mandatory international arms embargo on Burma,
curtailing all sales of weapons, ammunition, military vehi-
cles, and military aircraft to Burma until the SPDC re-
leases all political prisoners, restores constitutional rule,
and holds free and fair elections to establish a new govern-
ment.
Amend the title so as to read: ‘‘An Act to impose
sanctions on officials of the State Peace and Development
Council in Burma, to amend the Burmese Freedom and
Democracy Act of 2003 to prohibit the importation of
gemstones and hardwoods from Burma, to promote a co-
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ordinated international effort to restore civilian demo-
cratic rule to Burma, and for other purposes.’’.
Attest:
Secretary.