(4) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(6) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(A) MANDATORY FUNDING.—There is ap-
propriated to carry out this section, including 
through the provision of technical assistance, 
outreach, and other implementation assistance, 
$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 
through 2028. 
‘‘(B) RESERVATION.—Of the funds appro-
priated under subparagraph (A) for a fiscal 
year, $6,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
technical assistance to eligible vendors to be-
come certified to participate in the program 
under this section.’’. 
SEC. 403. STRENGTHENING THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 
SERVICE LEARNING PROGRAM. 
Section 413 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7633) is 
amended— 
(1) subsection (b)(4), by inserting ‘‘, to promote 
agricultural education, and raise awareness about 
the consequences of wasted food and encourage the 
implementation of food recovery initiatives to reduce 
the quantity of wasted food’’ before the semicolon; 
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(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘and where food comes from; and’’ and in-
serting ‘‘where food comes from, the con-
sequences of food waste, and food recovery 
initiatives;’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subparagraph: 
‘‘(E) have the capacity to execute regional 
or national projects that include 2 or more 
States.’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(3) RESERVATION.—The majority of the funds 
made available to carry out this subsection shall be 
reserved for projects that— 
‘‘(A) are larger in scale as compared to 
other proposed projects; 
‘‘(B) are national or regional in scope; and 
‘‘(C) include 2 or more States.’’; and 
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(3) in subsection (e)(1), by striking the para-
graph and inserting in its place the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(1) MANDATORY
FUNDING.—Of the funds 
available to the Commodity Credit Corporation, the 
Secretary shall use $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2024 through 2028 to carry out the Initiative. 
Amounts made available under this subsection shall 
remain available until expended.’’. 
SEC. 404. GUS SCHUMACHER NUTRITION INCENTIVE PRO-
GRAM. 
Section 4405(b)(1)(B)(vii) of the Food, Conservation, 
and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7517(b)(1)(B)(vii)) is 
amended by adding, after ‘‘farmers’ market’’, the fol-
lowing: ‘‘, community supported agriculture entity, cooper-
ative, local public benefit corporation, nonprofit organiza-
tion, retail food store authorized under the supplemental 
nutrition assistance program’’. 
Subtitle B—Improving the Supple-
mental 
Nutrition 
Assistance 
Program 
SEC. 411. CONTINUING THE FARMERS’ MARKETS SUPPLE-
MENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 
SUPPORT GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this section are— 
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(1) to support the participation of farmers’ 
markets in the supplemental nutrition assistance 
program by providing equipment and support grants 
to new markets and those currently participating in 
the program; 
(2) to increase access to the supplemental nu-
trition assistance program and participation at farm-
ers’ markets by households that receive program 
benefits; and 
(3) to support the establishment, expansion, 
and promotion of electronic benefits transfer services 
at farmers’ markets for the acceptance of program 
benefits. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
GRANT
PROGRAM.—To 
carry out the purposes of this section, the Secretary of 
Agriculture shall establish a program to make grants each 
fiscal year to eligible entities to conduct tasks that are 
necessary for the supplemental nutrition assistance pro-
gram to operate at farmers’ markets, and to increase the 
frequency and effectiveness of farmers’ market participa-
tion in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section: 
(1) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti-
ty’’ means— 
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(A) a Native American tribal organization 
nonprofit organization; 
(B) a Native American tribal government; 
(C) a State or unit of general purpose local 
government of a State; 
(D) a farmers’ market association; 
(E) a public benefit corporation; 
(F) an economic development corporation; 
(G) a regional farmers’ market authority; 
or 
(H) a nonprofit organization engaged in 
farmers’ market management. 
(2) SUPPLEMENTAL
NUTRITION
ASSISTANCE 
PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘supplemental nutrition as-
sistance program’’ means the supplemental nutrition 
assistance program as defined in section 3 of the 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012). 
(3) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means any of 
the several States or the District of Columbia. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2024 through 2028. 
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SEC. 412. EXPANDING AND INCREASING SUPPORT FOR THE 
FOOD INSECURITY NUTRITION INCENTIVES 
PROGRAM. 
Section 4405 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7517) is amended— 
(1) 
in 
subsection 
(f)(1), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 
2023’’ and inserting ‘‘$20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 and each fiscal year thereafter’’; and 
(2) in subsection (f)(2), by amending subpara-
graph (G) to read as follows: 
‘‘(G) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and 
each fiscal year thereafter.’’. 
SEC. 413. CLOSING THE MEAL GAP. 
(a) CALCULATION
OF PROGRAM BENEFITS.—The 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) 
is amended— 
(1) in section 3 (7 U.S.C. 2012)— 
(A) by striking subsection (u); 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
subsections 
(n) 
through (t) as subsections (o) through (u), re-
spectively; and 
(C) by inserting after subsection (m) the 
following: 
‘‘(n) ‘Low-cost food plan’ means the diet required to 
feed a family of four persons, consisting of a man and 
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a woman nineteen through fifty, a child six through eight, 
and a child nine through eleven years of age, determined 
in accordance with the Secretary’s calculations. The cost 
of such diet shall be the basis for uniform allotments for 
all households regardless of their actual composition, ex-
cept that the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) make household-size adjustments (based 
on the unrounded cost of such diet) taking into ac-
count economies of scale; 
‘‘(2) make cost adjustments in the low-cost food 
plan for Hawaii and the urban and rural parts of 
Alaska to reflect the cost of food in Hawaii and 
urban and rural Alaska; 
‘‘(3) make cost adjustments in the separate 
low-cost food plans for Guam, and the Virgin Is-
lands of the United States, to reflect the cost of food 
in those States, but not to exceed the cost of food 
in the 50 States and the District of Columbia; and 
‘‘(4) on October 1, 2024, and each October 1 
thereafter, adjust the cost of the diet to reflect the 
cost of the diet in the preceding June, and round the 
result to the nearest lower dollar increment for each 
household size.’’; 
(2) in section 8(a) (7 U.S.C. 2017(a))— 
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(A) by striking ‘‘thrifty food plan’’ each 
place it appears, and inserting ‘‘low-cost food 
plan’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘8 percent’’ and inserting 
‘‘10 percent’’; 
(3) 
in 
section 
16(c)(1)(A)(ii) 
(7 
U.S.C. 
2025(c)(1)(A)(ii))— 
(A) in subclause (I) by striking ‘‘for fiscal 
year 2014, at an amount not greater than $37’’ 
and inserting ‘‘for fiscal year 2024, at an 
amount not greater than $50’’; and 
(B) in subclause (II)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘June 30, 2013’’ and 
inserting ‘‘June 30, 2024’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘thrifty food plan’’ 
and inserting ‘‘low-cost food plan’’; and 
(4) 
in 
section 
19(a)(2)(A) 
(7 
U.S.C. 
2028(a)(2)(A))— 
(A) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(B) in clause (ii) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(iii) 
for 
fiscal 
year 
2024, 
$2,650,000,000; and 
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‘‘(iv) subject to the availability of ap-
propriations under section 18(a), for fiscal 
year 2024 and each fiscal year thereafter, 
the amount determined under clause (iii), 
as adjusted by the percentage by which the 
low-cost food plan has been adjusted under 
section 3(n)(4) between June 30, 2024, 
and June 30 of the immediately preceding 
fiscal year.’’. 
(b) STANDARD MEDICAL EXPENSE DEDUCTION.— 
Section 5(e)(5) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2014(e)(5)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘an excess 
medical’’ and all that follows through the period at 
the end, and inserting ‘‘a standard medical deduc-
tion or to a medical expense deduction of actual 
costs for the allowable medical expenses incurred by 
the elderly or disabled member, exclusive of special 
diets.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(D) The standard medical expense deduc-
tion shall be equal to $140 for fiscal year 2024, 
and for each subsequent fiscal year shall be 
equal to the applicable amount for the pre-
ceding fiscal year as adjusted to reflect changes 
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for the 12-month period ending the preceding 
June 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All 
Urban Consumers: Medical Care published by 
the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Depart-
ment of Labor, except that for any such fiscal 
year the State agency may establish a greater 
standard medical expense deduction that satis-
fies cost neutrality standards established by the 
Secretary for such fiscal year.’’. 
(c) ELIMINATION OF CAP OF EXCESS SHELTER EX-
PENSES.—Section 5(e)(6) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2014(e)(6)) is amended— 
(1) by striking subparagraph (B); and 
(2) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and 
(D) as subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively. 
(d) WORK REQUIREMENT.—Section 6(o)(3) of the 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(3)) 
is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (D) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in subparagraph (E) by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(3) by adding at end the following: 
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‘‘(F) not offered a position in a program 
described in subparagraph (B) or (C) of para-
graph (2).’’. 
(e) FUNDING OF EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PRO-
GRAMS.—Section 16(h)(1)(E)(ii)(II) of the Food and Nu-
trition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(h)(1)(E)(ii)(II)) is 
amended by inserting ‘‘subparagraphs (A) through (E) of’’ 
after ‘‘under’’. 
(f) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) FOOD AND NUTRITION ACT OF 2008.—The 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et 
seq.) is amended— 
(A) in section 10 (7 U.S.C. 2019) by strik-
ing ‘‘3(p)’’ and inserting ‘‘3(q)’’; 
(B) in section 11 (7 U.S.C. 2012)— 
(i) in subsection (a)(2) by striking 
‘‘3(t)(1)’’ and inserting ‘‘3(u)(1)’’; and 
(ii) in subsection (d)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘3(t)(1)’’ each 
place 
it 
appears 
and 
inserting 
‘‘3(u)(1)’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘3(t)(2)’’ each 
place 
it 
appears 
and 
inserting 
‘‘3(u)(2)’’; 
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(C) in section 19(a)(2)(A)(ii) (7 U.S.C. 
(a)(2)(A)(ii)) by striking ‘‘3(u)(4)’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘3(n)(4)’’; and 
(D) 
in 
section 
27(a)(2) 
(7 
U.S.C. 
2036(a)(2))— 
(i) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘3(u)(4)’’ and inserting ‘‘3(n)(4)’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (E) by striking 
‘‘3(u)(4)’’ and inserting ‘‘3(n)(4)’’. 
(2) LOW-INCOME
HOME
ENERGY
ASSISTANCE 
ACT OF 1981.—Section 2605(f)(2)(A) of the Low-In-
come Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 
U.S.C. 8624(f)(2)(A)) is amended— 
(A) by striking ‘‘5(e)(6)(C)(iv)(I)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘5(e)(6)(B)(iv)(1)’’; and 
(B) 
by 
striking 
‘‘(7 
U.S.C. 
2014(e)(6)(C)(iv)(I))’’ and inserting ‘‘(7 U.S.C. 
2014(e)(6)(B)(iv)(I))’’. 
(g) TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.—The Food and Nu-
trition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 5(a) (7 U.S.C. 2014(a)) by strik-
ing ‘‘3(n)(4)’’ each place it appears and inserting 
‘‘3(m)(4)’’; 
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(2) 
in 
section 
8(f)(1)(A)(i) 
(7 
U.S.C. 
2017(f)(1)(A)(i)) by striking ‘‘3(n)(5)’’ and inserting 
‘‘3(m)(5)’’; and 
(3) in section 17(b)(1)(B)(iv)(III)(aa) (7 U.S.C. 
2016(b)(1)(B)(iv)(III)(aa)) by striking ‘‘3(n)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘3(m)’’. 
SEC. 414. FOOD AS MEDICINE. 
Section 4405 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7517) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (e)(3)(A) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(A) To carry out paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall, on a competitive basis, enter into 
cooperative agreements with 1 or more organi-
zations with expertise in developing outcome- 
based reporting, at least 1 of which has exper-
tise in the food insecurity nutrition incentive 
program and at least 1 of which has expertise 
in produce prescription projects, in each state 
and territory.’’; and 
(2) by amending subsection (f)(2) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(2) Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
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section $560,000,000 for fiscal year 2024 and each 
fiscal year thereafter.’’. 
TITLE V—FUTURE OF AMERICAN 
FARMERS 
Subtitle A—Defining Beginning 
Farmer or Rancher 
SEC. 501. BEGINNING FARMER OR RANCHER DEFINED. 
In this title, the term ‘‘beginning farmer or rancher’’ 
means an individual or entity who— 
(1) has not operated a farm or ranch, or who 
has operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 
consecutive years; and 
(2) will materially and substantially participate 
in the operation of the farm or ranch. 
Subtitle 
B—Providing 
Resources 
for Beginning, Retiring, and So-
cially Disadvantaged Farmers 
and Ranchers 
SEC. 511. REAUTHORIZATION AND INCREASED FUNDING 
FOR OUTREACH AND ASSISTANCE FOR SO-
CIALLY 
DISADVANTAGED 
FARMERS 
AND 
RANCHERS AND VETERAN FARMERS AND 
RANCHERS. 
(a) MANDATORY FUNDING.—Subparagraph (A) of 
section 2501(a)(4) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
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and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)(4)) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(A) 
MANDATORY
FUNDING.—Of 
the 
funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the 
Secretary shall make available to carry out this 
section— 
‘‘(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
and 
‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2025 through 2028.’’. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
2501(a)(4)(E) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)(4)(E)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting ‘‘2028’’. 
SEC. 512. ENSURING PERMANENT FUNDING FOR BEGIN-
NING FARMER AND RANCHER DEVELOPMENT 
PROGRAM. 
Section 7405(h)(1)(C) of the Farm Security and 
Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f(h)(1)(C)) 
is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$20,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$50,000,000’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘through 2018’’ and inserting 
‘‘and each fiscal year thereafter’’. 
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SEC. 513. SUPPORTING BEGINNING FARMER PARTICIPA-
TION 
IN 
CERTAIN 
CONSERVATION 
PRO-
GRAMS. 
Section 1241(h)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3841(h)(1)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘5 per-
cent’’ and inserting ‘‘20 percent’’; and 
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘5 per-
cent’’ and inserting ‘‘15 percent’’. 
SEC. 514. CREATING A PRIORITY FOR PARTICIPATION OF 
BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS IN 
FARMERS’ MARKET AND LOCAL FOOD PRO-
MOTION PROGRAM. 
Subsection (e) of section 6 of the Farmer-to-Con-
sumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(e) PRIORITIES.—In providing grants under the 
Program, priority shall be given to applications that in-
clude— 
‘‘(1) projects that will benefit underserved com-
munities, including communities that are located in 
areas of concentrated poverty with limited access to 
fresh locally or regionally grown food; and 
‘‘(2) with respect to beginning farmers and 
ranchers, socially disadvantaged farmers and ranch-
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ers, and veteran farmers, projects in which such 
farmers and ranchers are participants.’’. 
SEC. 515. SUPPORTING BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCH-
ERS THROUGH FARM SERVICE AGENCY LIAI-
SONS. 
Section 226 of the Department of Agriculture Reor-
ganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6932) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(i) BEGINNING FARMERS
AND RANCHERS LIAI-
SON.— 
‘‘(1) POSITION ESTABLISHED.—The Secretary 
shall establish within each State office of the Con-
solidated Farm Service Agency the position of Be-
ginning Farmers and Ranchers Liaison to carry out 
the duties described in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(2) DUTIES.—The Beginning Farmers and 
Ranchers Liaison shall— 
‘‘(A) provide technical assistance to begin-
ning farmers and ranchers to direct such farm-
ers and ranchers toward appropriate Federal 
resources and opportunities, including available 
Federal grant programs; and 
‘‘(B) promote coordination among Federal 
programs available to beginning farmers and 
ranchers.’’. 
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SEC. 516. FACILITATING SUCCESSION PLANNING THROUGH 
THE CREATION OF FARM SERVICE AGENCY 
REGIONAL PLANNERS. 
Section 7405 of the Farm Security and Rural Invest-
ment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (h) as sub-
section (i); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (g) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(h) REGIONAL PLANNERS.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish a regional planner for each of the 12 regions 
identified by the National Agricultural Statistics 
Service. 
‘‘(2) DUTIES.—The regional planners estab-
lished under paragraph (1) shall— 
‘‘(A) establish and maintain one accurate, 
current, and unbiased database of resources to 
help farmers undertaking succession planning; 
and 
‘‘(B) coordinate with Federal, State, and 
private stakeholders, including land-grant col-
leges and universities and extension service, to 
understand farmer and rancher needs in each 
state within the respective regions, and to work 
with these stakeholders to provide farmers and 
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ranchers information regarding relevant succes-
sion planning resources and opportunities based 
on those needs.’’. 
SEC. 517. ENSURING A VIBRANT AGRICULTURAL SECTOR 
THROUGH THE CREATION OF A LAND TEN-
URE COMMISSION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Agriculture shall establish a commission to be known as 
the Land Tenure Commission (in this section referred to 
as the ‘‘Commission’’). 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) TOTAL
MEMBERSHIP.—The Commission 
shall be comprised of 10 members who shall be ap-
pointed by the Secretary for a term of 3 years in ac-
cordance with paragraph (2). 
(2) MEMBERS.—The Commission members 
shall include one representative from each the fol-
lowing categories: 
(A) The Farm Service Agency. 
(B) The Natural Resources Conservation 
Service. 
(C) State programs focused on land ten-
ure. 
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(D) Private nonprofit organizations with 
active land tenure programs. 
(E) The Cooperative State Research, Edu-
cation, and Extension Service. 
(F) Community colleges or other institu-
tions of higher education with demonstrated ex-
perience in land tenure issues. 
(G) Other entities or persons providing 
lending for, or technical assistance regarding, 
land tenure. 
(H) Beginning farmers and ranchers. 
(I) Socially disadvantaged farmers and 
ranchers. 
(J) Veteran farmers and ranchers. 
(K) Retiring or retired farmers and ranch-
ers. 
(3) REAPPOINTMENT.—The Secretary of Agri-
culture may reappoint members of the Commission 
to a subsequent 3-year term. 
(4) COMPENSATION.—Members of the Commis-
sion may not receive any compensation. 
(5) VACANCIES.—The Secretary of Agriculture 
shall make appointments to fill vacancies on the 
Commission as soon as practicable after the vacancy 
has occurred. 
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(c) DUTIES.—The Commission shall— 
(1) advise the Secretary of Agriculture on 
issues involving access to land, farm business transi-
tion, and land tenure, including trends in ownership 
and the status of farmland ownership; 
(2) with respect to the Commission’s activities, 
coordinate and consult with entities involved with 
farmland ownership and operation; 
(3) appoint technical advisors, comprised of 
representatives from the National Agricultural Sta-
tistics Service of the Department of Agriculture, 
not-for-profit organizations that assist farmers and 
ranchers transitioning in and out of agricultural 
business, and farm succession planners with exper-
tise in the field; and 
(4) focus efforts of Federal agency staff and 
programs toward ensuring the long-term sustain-
ability of the agriculture sector. 
(d) REPORTS.—The Commission shall submit an an-
nual report to Congress that includes— 
(1) a summary of the activities of the Commis-
sion; and 
(2) recommendations with respect to access to 
land, farm business transition, and land tenure, in-
cluding recommendations for Federal policy changes. 
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Subtitle C—Creating Financial In-
centives to Benefit Beginning 
Farmers and Ranchers 
SEC. 521. REMOVING BARRIERS TO FARMING THROUGH AN 
ELIGIBLE FARMER TAX CREDIT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart B of part IV of sub-
chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
‘‘SEC. 30E. ELIGIBLE FARMER CREDITS. 
‘‘(a) ELIGIBLE FARMER PROPERTY SALE CREDIT.— 
In the case of a taxpayer who sells qualified farming prop-
erty to an eligible farmer during the taxable year, there 
shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by 
this chapter for such taxable year an amount equal to 10 
percent of the sales price of such property. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE
FARMER
PROPERTY
PURCHASE 
CREDIT.—In the case of a taxpayer who is an eligible 
farmer and purchases qualified farming property during 
the taxable year, there shall be allowed as a credit against 
the tax imposed by this chapter for the taxable year an 
amount equal 10 percent of the purchase price of such 
property. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.— 
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‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE FARMER.—For purposes of this 
section— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘eligible 
farmer’ means— 
‘‘(i) any socially disadvantaged farmer 
or 
rancher, 
as 
defined 
in 
section 
2501(e)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Con-
servation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
U.S.C. 2279(e)(2)), 
‘‘(ii) any veteran farmer or rancher 
(as defined in section 2501(e)(7) of such 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2279(e)(7))), or 
‘‘(iii) any beginning farmer or ranch-
er. 
‘‘(B) BEGINNING FARMER OR RANCHER.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘begin-
ning farmer or rancher’ means an indi-
vidual or entity who— 
‘‘(I) has not operated a farm or 
ranch, or who has operated a farm or 
ranch for not more than 10 consecu-
tive years, and 
‘‘(II) will materially and substan-
tially participate in the operation of 
the farm or ranch. 
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‘‘(ii) MATERIAL
AND
SUBSTANTIAL 
PARTICIPATION.—For purposes of clause 
(i), the term ‘material and substantial par-
ticipation’ means— 
‘‘(I) in the case of an individual, 
that the individual provides substan-
tial day-to-day labor and management 
of the farm or ranch, consistent with 
the practices in the county or State 
where the farm is located, and 
‘‘(II) in the case of an entity, 
that all shareholders, holders of a cap-
ital or profits interest in the case of a 
partnership, or holders of a beneficial 
interest in the case of a trust or coop-
erative provide some amount of the 
management or labor necessary for 
day-to-day activities such that if each 
of the members did not provide these 
inputs, operation of the farm or ranch 
would be seriously impaired. 
‘‘(iii) 
PREDECESSOR.—Any 
prede-
cessor of any entity shall be treated as 
such entity for purposes of clause (i)(I). 
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‘‘(iv) AGGREGATION RULES.—All per-
sons which are treated as a single em-
ployer under subsections (a) and (b) of 
section 52 shall be treated as a single em-
ployer for purposes of this subparagraph. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFIED FARMING PROPERTY.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified 
farming property’ means any property— 
‘‘(i) which is used in the trade or 
business of farming or ranching in the 
United States, and 
‘‘(ii) which is— 
‘‘(I) property of a character sub-
ject to an allowance for depreciation, 
or 
‘‘(II) land used for the produc-
tion of crops, fruits, or other agricul-
tural products or for the sustenance 
of livestock. 
In the case of any tree, vine, or livestock 
which is not subject to an allowance for de-
preciation solely by reason of not having 
reached the income-producing stage or age 
of maturity, as the case may be, such tree, 
vine, or livestock shall be treated as prop-
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erty of a character subject to an allowance 
for depreciation for purposes of this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(B) LAND USE MUST BE RESTRICTED AG-
RICULTURAL USE.—Such term shall not include 
any land which is not subject to a State agricul-
tural land preservation program, permanent ag-
ricultural conservation easement, is not valued 
as agricultural land using special use valuation 
requirements, or is not under another long-term 
or permanent protection. 
‘‘(d) SPECIAL RULES.— 
‘‘(1) REPORTING
REQUIREMENTS.—No credit 
shall be allowed to a taxpayer under this section un-
less, at such time and in such form and manner as 
the Secretary shall prescribe— 
‘‘(A) there is submitted to the Secretary a 
description of the qualified farming property 
with respect to which the credit under this sec-
tion is determined, 
‘‘(B) the eligible farmer submits to the 
Secretary an attestation of intent to treat such 
property as qualified farming property during 
the 8-year period beginning on the date of the 
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sale or purchase to which this section applies, 
and 
‘‘(C) the taxpayer who sells such property 
in the case of any credit determined under sub-
section (a), and the eligible farmer who pur-
chases such property in the case of any credit 
determined under subsection (b), submits to the 
Secretary an agreement consenting to the appli-
cation of paragraph (2). 
‘‘(2) RECAPTURE.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If any property with 
respect to which a credit is allowed under this 
section ceases to be qualified farming property 
during the 8-year period beginning on the date 
of the sale or purchase to which this section ap-
plies, the tax imposed by this chapter for the 
taxable year during which such property so 
ceases shall be increased by the applicable per-
centage of the amount of credit allowed under 
this section with respect to such property. 
‘‘(B) 
APPLICABLE
PERCENTAGE.—For 
purposes of this paragraph, in the case of prop-
erty which ceases to be qualified farming prop-
erty during the 8-year period, the applicable 
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100 
percentage shall be determined under the fol-
lowing table: 
‘‘For property which so 
ceases during: 
The applicable 
percentage is: 
The first or second year ....................................................
100 percent
The third or fourth year ...................................................
75 percent
The fifth or sixth year ......................................................
50 percent
The seventh or eighth year ...............................................
25 percent. 
‘‘(C) PROPERTY BEYOND ACTUAL USEFUL 
LIFE.—For purposes of this paragraph, prop-
erty which, during such 8-year period, is no 
longer capable of being used in the trade or 
business of farming shall be treated as ceasing 
to be qualified farming property. 
‘‘(3) RELATED PARTY RULES.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—A sale or purchase 
shall only be taken into account under this sec-
tion if the property is not acquired from a per-
son related to the person acquiring such prop-
erty (or, if married, such individual’s spouse). 
‘‘(B) RELATED PERSONS.—A person shall 
be treated as related to another person if the 
relationship between such persons would result 
in the disallowance of losses under section 267 
or 707(b). 
‘‘(4) APPLICATION WITH OTHER CREDITS.— 
‘‘(A) BUSINESS CREDIT TREATED AS PART 
OF GENERAL BUSINESS CREDIT.—So much of 
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101 
the credit which would be allowed under this 
section for any taxable year (determined with-
out regard to this paragraph) that is attrib-
utable to property that is land used in a trade 
or business of the taxpayer, or that in the 
hands of the taxpayer is of a character subject 
to an allowance for depreciation, shall be treat-
ed as a credit listed in section 38(b) for such 
taxable year (and not allowed under this sec-
tion). 
‘‘(B) PERSONAL CREDIT.—The credit al-
lowed under subsection (a) (after the applica-
tion of paragraph (1)) for any taxable year 
shall be treated as a credit allowable under sub-
part A for such taxable year. 
‘‘(5) REDUCTION IN BASIS.—For purposes of 
this subtitle, the basis of any property for which a 
credit is allowable under this section shall be re-
duced by the amount of such credit so allowed.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 38(b) of 
such Code is amended by striking ‘‘plus’’ at the end of 
paragraph (35), by striking the period at the end of para-
graph (36) and inserting ‘‘, plus’’, and by adding at the 
end the following new paragraph: 
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102 
‘‘(37) the portion of the eligible farmer credit to 
which section 30E(d)(3)(A) applies.’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
for subpart B of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of such Code is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘Sec. 30E. Eligible farmer credits.’’. 
(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2024. 
SEC. 522. ENSURING FARM SERVICE FACILITY LOANS CAN 
SERVE AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES. 
Section 1614(a) of the Food, Conservation, and En-
ergy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8789(a)) is amended by insert-
ing ‘‘(including agricultural cooperatives)’’ after ‘‘for pro-
ducers’’. 
SEC. 523. LOANS TO COOPERATIVES. 
Section 316(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1946(a)) is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) 
LOANS
TO
COOPERATIVES.—Notwith-
standing subtitle A or this subtitle, the liability for 
a farm ownership loan or farm operating loan under 
such subtitles to a cooperative of family farm farm-
ers shall be required to attach to the individual 
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103 
members of the cooperative, as determined by the 
Secretary.’’. 
TITLE VI—FOOD WASTE 
SEC. 601. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING REDUCING 
FOOD WASTE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) Up to 40 percent of food in the United 
States is wasted, the equivalent of 1,250 calories per 
person, per day, and more than 400 pounds of food 
per person, per year. 
(2) Growing, processing, transporting, and dis-
posing of uneaten food is a significant burden on the 
United States economy, costing approximately 
$218,000,000,000 annually. 
(3) Considerable resources in the United States 
are invested in the production of food that is eventu-
ally wasted, including an estimated 18 percent of 
fertilizer used in agricultural production, 19 percent 
of crop land, and 21 percent of agricultural water 
usage. 
(4) Growing, processing, transporting, and dis-
posing of food that is eventually wasted contributes 
to greenhouse gas emissions. 
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104 
(5) Disposing of uneaten food costs the average 
household of four in the United States an estimated 
$1,800 annually. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—In light of the findings 
made in subsection (a), it is the sense of Congress that 
the Federal Government should invest in programs, meth-
odologies, and actions to reduce food waste across the 
United States at the Federal, State, and local levels, in-
cluding by— 
(1) providing targeted funding for food waste 
solutions; 
(2) improving and standardizing the measure-
ment and reporting of food waste data; 
(3) standardizing food date labels; 
(4) removing barriers to food donation; 
(5) supporting and encouraging local and re-
gional efforts to reduce food waste; and 
(6) engaging and educating the American public 
on how to reduce food waste. 
SEC. 602. ESTABLISHMENT OF OFFICE OF FOOD WASTE. 
Subtitle D of the Department of Agriculture Reorga-
nization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6951 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new section: 
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105 
‘‘SEC. 244. OFFICE OF FOOD WASTE. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish within the executive operations of the Department an 
office to be known as the ‘Office of Food Waste’. 
‘‘(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Office of Food Waste 
shall be responsible— 
‘‘(1) for coordinating Federal programs to 
measure and reduce the incidence of food waste in 
the United States by serving as the central office 
within the Department for food waste reduction ef-
forts, including food waste prevention, food dona-
tion, recovery of surplus food for commercial pur-
poses, and food scrap recycling; 
‘‘(2) for providing information about and rais-
ing awareness of food waste issues across sectors of 
the United States economy and across Federal agen-
cies; and 
‘‘(3) for serving as the primary point of contact 
for food waste reduction and food recovery issues 
within the Department and across Federal agencies. 
‘‘(c) FUNDING.—Of the funds of the Commodity 
Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out 
this section $100,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 
2024 through 2028.’’. 
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106 
SEC. 603. ESTABLISHMENT OF FOOD LOSS AND WASTE RE-
DUCTION TASK FORCE. 
Subtitle D of the Department of Agriculture Reorga-
nization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6951 et seq.) is further 
amended by inserting after section 244, as added by sec-
tion 602, the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 245. FOOD LOSS AND WASTE REDUCTION TASK 
FORCE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 18 months after 
the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary 
of Agriculture, in consultation with the Administrator of 
the Environmental Protection Agency, shall establish, in 
the office of the Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, and 
Consumer Services, a task force— 
‘‘(1) to advise and support the Secretary and 
the Administrator in meeting the national food 
waste reduction goal of 50 percent by 2030, as spec-
ified in the announcement made on September 16, 
2015, by the Secretary and the Administrator; 
‘‘(2) to provide strategic direction for efforts to 
meet the national food waste reduction goal; 
‘‘(3) to monitor progress toward meeting the 
national food waste reduction goal; 
‘‘(4) to support effective public reporting in the 
United States regarding progress toward meeting 
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107 
the national food waste reduction goal and any rel-
evant benchmarks in meeting such goal; 
‘‘(5) to raise public awareness and visibility of 
the national food waste reduction goal in the United 
States; and 
‘‘(6) to recommend improvements to Federal ef-
forts to meet the national food waste reduction goal. 
‘‘(b) COMPOSITION.—The task force shall be com-
posed of 15 members, appointed jointly by the Secretary 
and the Administrator. The task force shall include a rep-
resentative from each of the following industries and inter-
est groups: 
‘‘(1) The agriculture industry. 
‘‘(2) The food processing and manufacturing in-
dustry. 
‘‘(3) The food distribution industry. 
‘‘(4) The retail and grocery industry. 
‘‘(5) The restaurant industry. 
‘‘(6) The institutional food service industry. 
‘‘(7) Government, private, and nonprofit enti-
ties focused on nutrition. 
‘‘(8) Government, private, and nonprofit enti-
ties focused on consumer education. 
‘‘(9) Government, private, and nonprofit enti-
ties focused on food waste entrepreneurship. 
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108 
‘‘(10) Nonprofit entities focused on food waste 
prevention. 
‘‘(11) Government, private, and nonprofit enti-
ties focused on food donation. 
‘‘(12) Government, private, and nonprofit enti-
ties focused on food scrap recycling. 
‘‘(13) Educational institutions focused on food 
systems and food waste. 
‘‘(14) A State or local government with a food 
waste reduction program. 
‘‘(15) A scientist who specializes in the science 
of food scrap recycling and other relevant scientific 
processes. 
‘‘(c) TERMS.—A member of the task force shall serve 
on the task force for a single term of 3 years. A member 
may not be reappointed. Any vacancy shall be filled within 
60 days in the same manner as the original appoint-
ment.’’. 
SEC. 
604. 
STANDARDIZING, 
AGGREGATING, 
AND 
PUB-
LISHING FOOD WASTE DATA. 
(a) 
METHODOLOGY
FOR
MEASURING
FOOD 
WASTE.—Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
establish, through a rule made in accordance with section 
553 of title 5, United States Code, a standardized method-
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109 
ology for consistently measuring food waste in the United 
States economy, such as— 
(1) on-farm losses during agricultural produc-
tion and harvesting; 
(2) losses during processing and distribution; 
(3) kitchen waste and post-consumer waste 
from the restaurant and hospitality industries; 
(4) food waste occurring in schools and other 
institutions; and 
(5) food waste occurring in other industries. 
(b) METHODOLOGY
FOR AGGREGATING
AND DIS-
SEMINATING DATA.—The methodology established under 
subsection (a) shall include aggregating and disseminating 
any data or information collected with respect to food 
waste. The methodology shall incorporate tools for describ-
ing why food waste occurs and the type of food wasted 
and take into account existing protocols and tools that 
may serve as resources. 
(c) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF DATA.—Information 
collected with respect to food waste shall be made available 
through a publicly accessible internet website of the De-
partment of Agriculture, which may be disaggregated by 
private sector and State or local government data. 
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110 
(d) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary of Agriculture 
shall carry out this section in consultation with the Admin-
istrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. 
TITLE VII—RESEARCH, EXTEN-
SION, 
AND 
RELATED 
MAT-
TERS 
Subtitle A—Investing in 
Sustainable Agriculture 
SEC. 701. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE RESEARCH, EXTEN-
SION, AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS. 
(a) FEDERAL-STATE
GRANT
PROGRAM.—Section 
1623 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5813) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘MATCHING’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘matching’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and centers’’ after ‘‘edu-
cation programs’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ‘‘, and shall 
identify the sources of matching State funds for the 
same fiscal year’’; and 
(4) by amending subsection (d) to read as fol-
lows: 
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111 
‘‘(d) DURATION.—The Secretary shall provide grants 
to eligible States for a period not to exceed 5 years.’’. 
(b) MANDATORY FUNDING.—Section 1624 of the 
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 
(7 U.S.C. 5814) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 1624. MANDATORY FUNDING. 
‘‘Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, 
the Secretary shall make available to carry out this chap-
ter $75,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 
2028.’’. 
SEC. 702. NATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM. 
Section 1629(i) of the Food, Agriculture, Conserva-
tion, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5832(i)) is amend-
ed to read as follows: 
‘‘(i) MANDATORY FUNDING.—Of the funds of the 
Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make 
available to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2024 through 2028.’’. 
Subtitle B—Supporting Research 
to Help Farmers Adapt to a Dis-
rupted Climate 
SEC. 
711. 
COMPETITIVE, 
SPECIAL, 
AND 
FACILITIES 
GRANTS. 
Section 2 of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities 
Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157) is amended— 
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112 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end 
the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(G) PLANT AND ANIMAL BREEDING.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—Classical animal 
and plant breeding— 
‘‘(I) intended to deliver public 
plant cultivars and animal breeds; 
‘‘(II) to achieve germplasm con-
servation; and 
‘‘(III) to improve public access 
and use of such cultivars and breeds. 
‘‘(ii) PRIORITY.—With respect to the 
breeding described in clause (i), the Sec-
retary shall give priority to— 
‘‘(I) regionally adapted cultivars 
and breeds; and 
‘‘(II) breeds that perform well in 
organic and sustainable production 
systems.’’; 
(B) in paragraph (7), by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding nonprofit organizations, private labora-
tories, Federal research entities, and other re-
search entities not affiliated with a university’’ 
after ‘‘organizations’’; 
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113 
(C) by striking paragraph (9); and 
(D) in paragraph (11)(A)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘$700,000,000’’ and 
inserting ‘‘$900,000,000’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting 
‘‘2028’’; and 
(2) in subsection (k)— 
(A) in the heading, by inserting ‘‘AND CLI-
MATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION’’ 
after ‘‘AGRICULTURE’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and climate change miti-
gation and adaptation’’ after ‘‘systems of sus-
tainable agriculture’’. 
SEC. 712. SPECIALTY CROP RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
(a) ELEMENTS OF INITIATIVE.—Section 412(b) of 
the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Re-
form Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘and improve the resil-
iency of such crops towards global climate 
change’’ after ‘‘crop characteristics’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ‘‘, 
with priority given to responses and tolerances 
to global climate change’’ after ‘‘tolerances’’; 
and 
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(2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘and threats 
due to global climate change’’ after ‘‘pollinators’’. 
(b) MANDATORY FUNDING.—Section 412(k)(1)(B) of 
the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Re-
form Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(k)(1)(B)) is amended 
by striking ‘‘$80,000,000 for fiscal year 2014 and each 
fiscal year thereafter’’ and inserting ‘‘$100,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2024 and each fiscal year thereafter’’. 
TITLE VIII—ANIMAL WELFARE 
Subtitle A—Ensuring Animal 
Welfare in Farming 
SEC. 801. DEFINITIONS FOR HUMANELY RAISED LIVE-
STOCK AND POULTRY CERTIFICATION PRO-
GRAMS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) INDEPENDENT ANIMAL WELFARE CERTIFI-
CATION PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘independent animal 
welfare certification program’’ means an entity ap-
proved by the Secretary of Agriculture that uses 
qualified third-party on-farm auditors to routinely 
assess a producer’s 100 percent compliance with 
specific animal welfare standards exceeding industry 
standards (based on industry guidelines), subject to 
the following conditions: 
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(A) The standards’ protocols are made 
public. 
(B) The standards include, at a minimum, 
provisions for space allowance, environmental 
enrichment and ability to engage in natural be-
haviors, pain control and physical alternations, 
handling, and responsible antibiotic use. 
(C) Routine caging, crating or tethering of 
animals is prohibited. 
(D) Auditors have no vested or financial 
interest in audit outcomes. 
(E) Auditors possess a background in ani-
mal welfare science or have received equivalent 
training, and are able to recognize, review, and 
apply established farm animal welfare stand-
ards and protocols. 
(2) ELIGIBLE
COSTS.—The term ‘‘eligible 
costs’’ means costs associated with application fees, 
inspections, labeling, shipment and marketing. 
SEC. 802. INCREASING MARKET ACCESS FOR HUMANELY 
RAISED LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY CERTIFI-
CATION PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture, act-
ing through the Agricultural Marketing Service, shall es-
tablish a cost-share program to assist producers and han-
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dlers of livestock and poultry products in obtaining and 
maintaining animal welfare certifications through an inde-
pendent animal welfare certification program. 
(b) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Secretary may cover not 
more than 75 percent of the eligible costs, but not to ex-
ceed $750, incurred by a producer or handler in obtaining 
and maintaining an animal welfare certification through 
an independent animal welfare certification program. 
(c) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.—Not later than 
March 1 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and For-
estry of the Senate a report that describes the requests 
by, disbursements to, and expenditures for each State 
under the program during the current and previous fiscal 
year, including the number of producers and handlers 
served by the program in the previous fiscal year. 
(d) FUNDING.— 
(1) MANDATORY
FUNDING.—Of the funds of 
the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary 
shall make available to carry out this section 
$1,250,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 
2028, to remain available until expended. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated $22,000,000 
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for fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out this 
section. 
SEC. 803. ANIMAL WELFARE TAX INCENTIVES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart D of part IV of sub-
chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
‘‘SEC. 45U. INDEPENDENT ANIMAL WELFARE CERTIFI-
CATION CREDIT. 
‘‘(a) GENERAL RULE.—For purposes of section 38, 
in the case of an eligible taxpayer, the independent animal 
welfare certification credit determined under this section 
for any taxable year is an amount equal to 25 percent 
of the qualified independent animal welfare certification 
expenditures paid or incurred by the taxpayer during the 
taxable year, and not exceeding $150,000. 
‘‘(b) QUALIFIED INDEPENDENT ANIMAL WELFARE 
CERTIFICATION EXPENDITURES.—For purposes of this 
section— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified inde-
pendent animal welfare certification expenditures’ 
means amounts paid or incurred for the purpose of 
complying with the animal welfare standards and 
protocols of an independent animal welfare certifi-
cation, including— 
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‘‘(A) any amounts so paid or incurred for 
infrastructure improvements for the purpose of 
complying with such standards and protocols 
related to providing animals with access to the 
outdoors, pastures, or enriching indoor environ-
ments, including— 
‘‘(i) fencing to enable pasture access, 
‘‘(ii) mobile or permanent housing or 
shelter on pasture, 
‘‘(iii) water lines and irrigation struc-
tures for watering animals, 
‘‘(iv) infrastructure to enable free 
movement of animals indoors, 
‘‘(v) enrichment materials to encour-
age animals to carry out natural behaviors 
like rooting, pecking, and perching, and 
‘‘(vi) infrastructure to improve ven-
tilation and provide natural light, and 
‘‘(B) certification, including— 
‘‘(i) the cost of initial certification, 
and 
‘‘(ii) the cost of certification auditing 
during the recapture period. 
‘‘(2) EXPENDITURES MUST BE DIRECTLY RE-
LATED
TO
CERTIFICATION.—The term ‘qualified 
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independent animal welfare certification expendi-
tures’ shall only include amounts directly related to 
complying with animal welfare standards and proto-
cols of an independent animal welfare certification. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section— 
‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE TAXPAYER.—The term ‘eligible 
taxpayer’ means any taxpayer which carries on a 
trade or business of farming livestock or poultry who 
has an adjusted gross income of less than $900,000. 
‘‘(2) INDEPENDENT ANIMAL WELFARE CERTIFI-
CATION.—The term ‘independent animal welfare cer-
tification’ means a certification issued pursuant to a 
value-added certification program which has been 
approved by the Secretary of Agriculture as meeting 
each of the following requirements: 
‘‘(A) Such program uses qualified, inde-
pendent, on-farm auditors to assess, at least 
once in a 15 month period, a producer’s compli-
ance with specific farm animal welfare stand-
ards. 
‘‘(B) Such program uses a certification 
protocol and standards that are publicly avail-
able. 
‘‘(C) The standards used in such program 
exceed conventional industry standards, based 
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‘‘(F) opportunities for enrollment in inde-
pendent animal welfare certification programs; 
‘‘(G) animal husbandry; and’’. 
(2) DEFINITION.—Section 506 of the Rural De-
velopment Act of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 2666) is amend-
ed— 
(A) by redesignating subsections (a), (b), 
and (c) as subsections (b), (c), and (d) respec-
tively; and 
(B) by inserting before subsection (b), as 
so redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(a) ‘independent animal welfare certification pro-
gram’ has the meaning given that term in section 801(1) 
of the Food and Farm Act.’’. 
TITLE IX—REGIONAL FOOD 
SYSTEMS 
Subtitle A—Expanding Support for 
Local and Regional Food Systems 
SEC. 901. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that: 
(1) Local and regional food systems provide 
jobs and economic opportunity for farmers and 
ranchers, businesses, entrepreneurs, and employees 
across the United States who cultivate, harvest, 
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