(B) examine how any revision or tem-
porary suspension of a process, procedure, or 
other regulatory policy identified under sub-
paragraph (A) affected the ability of the Com-
mission to license and regulate the civilian use 
of radioactive materials in the United States to 
protect public health and safety, promote the 
common defense and security, and protect the 
environment; 
(C) discuss lessons learned from the mat-
ters described in subparagraph (B); 
(D) list actions that the Commission has 
taken or will take to incorporate into the licens-
ing and oversight activities of the Commission, 
without compromising the mission of the Com-
mission, the lessons described in subparagraph 
(C); and 
(E) describe when the actions listed under 
subparagraph (D) were implemented or may be 
implemented. 
(b) ADVANCING EFFICIENT, RISK-INFORMED OVER-
SIGHT AND INSPECTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission 
shall develop and submit to the appropriate commit-
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tees of Congress a report that identifies specific im-
provements to the nuclear reactor and materials 
oversight and inspection programs carried out pur-
suant to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 that the 
Commission may implement to maximize the effi-
ciency of such programs through, where appropriate, 
the use of risk-informed, performance-based proce-
dures, expanded incorporation of information tech-
nologies, and staff training. 
(2) STAKEHOLDER INPUT.—In developing the 
report under paragraph (1), the Commission shall, 
as appropriate, seek input from— 
(A) the Secretary of Energy; 
(B) the National Laboratories; 
(C) the nuclear energy industry; and 
(D) nongovernmental organizations that 
are related to nuclear energy. 
(3) CONTENTS.—The report submitted under 
paragraph (1) shall— 
(A) assess specific elements of oversight 
and inspections that may be modified by the 
use of technology, improved planning, and con-
tinually updated risk-informed, performance- 
based assessment, including— 
(i) use of travel resources; 
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(ii) planning and preparation for in-
spections, including entrance and exit 
meetings with licensees; 
(iii) document collection and prepara-
tion, including consideration of whether 
nuclear reactor data are accessible prior to 
onsite visits or requests to the licensee and 
that document requests are timely and 
within the scope of inspections; 
(iv) the cross-cutting issues program; 
and 
(v) the scope of event reporting re-
quired by licensees to ensure decisions are 
risk-informed; 
(B) identify and assess measures to im-
prove oversight and inspections, including— 
(i) elimination of areas of duplicative 
or otherwise unnecessary activities; 
(ii) increased use of templates in doc-
umenting inspection results; and 
(iii) periodic training of Commission 
staff and leadership on the application of 
risk-informed criteria for— 
(I) inspection planning and as-
sessments; 
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(II) agency decision making proc-
esses on the application of regulations 
and guidance; and 
(III) the application of the Com-
mission’s standard of reasonable as-
surance of adequate protection; 
(C) assess measures to advance risk-in-
formed procedures, including— 
(i) increased use of inspection ap-
proaches that balance the level of resources 
commensurate with safety significance; 
(ii) increased review of the use of in-
spection program resources based on li-
censee performance; 
(iii) expansion of modern information 
technology, including artificial intelligence 
and machine learning to risk inform over-
sight and inspection decisions; and 
(iv) updating the Differing Profes-
sional Views or Opinions process to ensure 
any impacts on agency decisions and 
schedules are commensurate with the safe-
ty significance of the differing opinion; 
(D) assess the ability of the Commission, 
consistent with its obligations to provide reason-
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able assurance of adequate protection of health 
and safety pursuant to the Atomic Energy Act 
of 1954, to enable licensee innovations that may 
advance nuclear reactor operational efficiency 
and safety, including the criteria of the Com-
mission for timely acceptance of licensee adop-
tion of advanced technologies, including digital 
technologies; 
(E) identify recommendations resulting 
from the assessments described in subpara-
graphs (A) through (D); 
(F) identify specific actions that the Com-
mission will take to incorporate into the train-
ing, inspection, oversight, and licensing activi-
ties, and regulations of the Commission, with-
out compromising the mission of the Commis-
sion, the recommendations identified under sub-
paragraph (E); and 
(G) describe when the actions identified 
under subparagraph (F) may be implemented. 
(c) OFFICE AND FACILITY SPACE REVIEW.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller Gen-
eral of the United States shall— 
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(A) review office and other facility space 
requirements of the Commission; and 
(B) submit to the appropriate committees 
of Congress a report, with recommendations, on 
the results of such review. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The report described in para-
graph (1) shall include— 
(A) an examination of— 
(i) the costs associated with the head-
quarters, regional offices, and technical 
training center of the Commission, includ-
ing examination of— 
(I) costs that do not support the 
Commission’s mission, including rent 
subsidies for other Federal agencies; 
and 
(II) opportunities to reduce fu-
ture costs through reduction in unnec-
essary office space, consolidation of 
offices, use of advanced information 
technology, or any other appropriate 
means; and 
(ii) current and anticipated office and 
facility requirements to efficiently accom-
plish the mission of the Commission; and 
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(B) recommendations to Congress, the 
Commission, and the General Services Adminis-
tration for actions that may assist in reducing 
office and facility costs to licensees and tax-
payers. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-
gress’’ means the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate. 
(2) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ 
means the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 
(3) LICENSEE.—The term ‘‘licensee’’ means a 
person that holds a license issued under section 103 
or section 104 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 
(42 U.S.C. 2133; 2134). 
TITLE II—NUCLEAR 
TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT 
SEC. 201. ADVANCED NUCLEAR DEPLOYMENT. 
(a) ENABLING PREPARATIONS FOR ADVANCED NU-
CLEAR
REACTOR
DEMONSTRATIONS
ON
FEDERAL 
SITES.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 102(b)(1)(B) of the 
Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act 
(42 U.S.C. 2215(b)(1)(B)) is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(vi) Costs for— 
‘‘(I) activities to review and ap-
prove or disapprove an application for 
an early site permit (as defined in sec-
tion 52.1 of title 10, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or any successor regula-
tion)) to demonstrate an advanced nu-
clear reactor on a Department of En-
ergy site or any site or installation 
that is critical national security infra-
structure (as defined in section 327(d) 
of the John S. McCain National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2019); and 
‘‘(II) pre-application activities re-
lating to an early site permit (as so 
defined) to demonstrate an advanced 
nuclear reactor on a Department of 
Energy site or any site or installation 
that is critical national security infra-
structure (as defined in section 327(d) 
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of the John S. McCain National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2019).’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1) shall take effect on October 1, 
2024. 
(b) REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR MICRO-REAC-
TORS.— 
(1) MICRO-REACTOR LICENSING.—The Nuclear 
Regulatory Commission (in this subsection referred 
to as the ‘‘Commission’’) shall— 
(A) not later than 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, develop risk-in-
formed and performance-based strategies and 
guidance to license and regulate micro-reactors 
pursuant to section 103 of the Atomic Energy 
Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2133), including strate-
gies and guidance for— 
(i) staffing and operations; 
(ii) oversight and inspections; 
(iii) safeguards and security; 
(iv) emergency preparedness; 
(v) risk analysis methods, including 
alternatives to probabilistic risk assess-
ments; 
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(vi) decommissioning funding assur-
ance methods that permit the use of 
design- and site-specific cost estimates; 
(vii) the transportation of fueled 
micro-reactors; and 
(viii) siting, including in relation to— 
(I) the population density cri-
terion limit described in the policy 
issue 
paper 
on 
population-related 
siting considerations for advanced re-
actors dated May 8, 2020, and num-
bered SECY–20–0045; 
(II) licensing mobile deployment; 
and 
(III) environmental reviews; and 
(B) not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, implement, as appro-
priate, the strategies and guidance developed 
under subparagraph (A)— 
(i) within the existing regulatory 
framework; 
(ii) through the technology-inclusive, 
regulatory framework to be established 
under section 103(a)(4) of the Nuclear En-
ergy Innovation and Modernization Act (42 
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U.S.C. 2133 note; Public Law 115–439); 
or 
(iii) through a pending or new rule-
making. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In developing and im-
plementing strategies and guidance under paragraph 
(1), the Commission shall consider— 
(A) the unique characteristics of micro-re-
actors, including characteristics relating to— 
(i) physical size; 
(ii) design simplicity; and 
(iii) source term; 
(B) opportunities to address redundancies 
and inefficiencies; 
(C) opportunities to consolidate review 
phases and reduce transitions between review 
teams; 
(D) opportunities to establish integrated 
review teams to ensure continuity throughout 
the review process; and 
(E) other relevant considerations discussed 
in the policy issue paper on policy and licensing 
considerations related to micro-reactors dated 
October 6, 2020, and numbered SECY–20– 
0093. 
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(3) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out para-
graph (1), the Commission shall consult with— 
(A) the Secretary of Energy; 
(B) the heads of other Federal agencies, as 
appropriate; 
(C) micro-reactor technology developers; 
and 
(D) other stakeholders. 
(c) 
EXPEDITED
SUBSEQUENT
COMBINED
LI-
CENSES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In accordance with this sub-
section, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (re-
ferred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Commission’’) 
shall establish and carry out an expedited procedure 
for issuing a combined license pursuant to section 
185 b. of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 
2235). 
(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—To qualify for the expe-
dited procedure under paragraph (1), an applicant— 
(A) shall submit a combined license appli-
cation for a new nuclear reactor based off a 
previously licensed design; 
(B) shall propose to construct the new nu-
clear reactor on or adjacent to a site on which 
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