107 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for 
the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Di-
vestment Act of 2010, as amended by section 402, is further 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 105A 
the following: 
‘‘Sec. 105B. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who engage in censor-
ship or other related activities against citizens of Iran.’’. 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 401(b)(1) of 
the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Di-
vestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8551(b)(1)) is amended— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘, 105A(a), or 105B(a)’’ after 
‘‘105(a)’’; and 
(2) by inserting ‘‘, 105A(b), or 105B(b)’’ after 
‘‘105(b)’’. 
Subtitle B—Additional Measures to 
Promote Human Rights 
SEC. 411. CODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
GRAVE HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES BY THE GOV-
ERNMENTS OF IRAN AND SYRIA USING IN-
FORMATION TECHNOLOGY. 
United States sanctions with respect to Iran and 
Syria provided for in Executive Order No. 13606 (77 Fed. 
Reg. 24571), as in effect on the day before the date of the 
enactment of this Act, shall remain in effect— 
(1) with respect to Iran, until the date that is 
30 days after the date on which the President submits
108 
to Congress the certification described in section 
401(a) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Account-
ability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 
8551(a)); and 
(2) with respect to Syria, until the date on 
which the provisions of and sanctions imposed pursu-
ant to title VII terminate pursuant to section 706. 
SEC. 412. CLARIFICATION OF SENSITIVE TECHNOLOGIES 
FOR 
PURPOSES 
OF 
PROCUREMENT 
BAN 
UNDER COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, 
ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DIVESTMENT ACT OF 
2010. 
The Secretary of State shall— 
(1) not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, issue guidelines to further de-
scribe the technologies that may be considered ‘‘sen-
sitive technology’’ for purposes of section 106 of the 
Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and 
Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8515), with spe-
cial attention to new forms of sophisticated jamming, 
monitoring, and surveillance technology relating to 
mobile telecommunications and the Internet, and pub-
lish those guidelines in the Federal Register; 
(2) determine the types of technologies that en-
able any indigenous capabilities that Iran has to dis-
109 
rupt and monitor information and communications 
in that country, and consider adding descriptions of 
those items to the guidelines; and 
(3) periodically review, but in no case less than 
once each year, the guidelines and, if necessary, 
amend the guidelines on the basis of technological de-
velopments and new information regarding transfers 
of technologies to Iran and the development of Iran’s 
indigenous capabilities to disrupt and monitor infor-
mation and communications in Iran. 
SEC. 413. EXPEDITED CONSIDERATION OF REQUESTS FOR 
AUTHORIZATION 
OF 
CERTAIN 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS-, HUMANITARIAN-, AND DEMOCRACY- 
RELATED 
ACTIVITIES 
WITH 
RESPECT 
TO 
IRAN. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Office of Foreign Assets Con-
trol, in consultation with the Department of State, shall 
establish an expedited process for the consideration of com-
plete requests for authorization to engage in human rights- 
, humanitarian-, or democracy-related activities relating to 
Iran that are submitted by— 
(1) entities receiving funds from the Department 
of State to engage in the proposed activity; 
(2) the Broadcasting Board of Governors; and
110 
(3) other appropriate agencies of the United 
States Government. 
(b) PROCEDURES.—Requests for authorization under 
subsection (a) shall be submitted to the Office of Foreign 
Assets Control in conformance with the Office’s regulations, 
including section 501.801 of title 31, Code of Federal Regu-
lations (commonly known as the Reporting, Procedures and 
Penalties Regulations). Applicants shall fully disclose the 
parties to the transactions as well as describe the activities 
to be undertaken. License applications involving the expor-
tation or reexportation of goods, technology, or software to 
Iran shall include a copy of an official Commodity Classi-
fication issued by the Department of Commerce, Bureau of 
Industry and Security, as part of the license application. 
(c) FOREIGN POLICY REVIEW.—The Department of 
State shall complete a foreign policy review of a request 
for authorization under subsection (a) not later than 30 
days after the request is referred to the Department by the 
Office of Foreign Assets Control. 
(d) LICENSE DETERMINATIONS.—License determina-
tions for complete requests for authorization under sub-
section (a) shall be made not later than 90 days after re-
ceipt by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, with the fol-
lowing exceptions:
111 
(1) Any requests involving the exportation or re-
exportation to Iran of goods, technology, or software 
listed on the Commerce Control List maintained pur-
suant to part 774 of title 15, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, shall be processed in a manner consistent with 
the Iran-Iraq Arms Non-Proliferation Act of 1992 
(title XVI of Public Law 102–484) and other applica-
ble provisions of law. 
(2) Any other requests presenting unusual or ex-
traordinary circumstances. 
(e) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary of the Treasury 
may prescribe such regulations as are appropriate to carry 
out this section. 
SEC. 414. COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY TO PROMOTE INTER-
NET FREEDOM AND ACCESS TO INFORMA-
TION IN IRAN. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury and the heads of other Federal 
agencies, as appropriate, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a comprehensive strategy to— 
(1) assist the people of Iran to produce, access, 
and share information freely and safely via the Inter-
net, including in Farsi and regional languages;
112 
(2) support the development of counter-censor-
ship technologies that enable the citizens of Iran to 
undertake Internet activities without interference 
from the Government of Iran; 
(3) increase the capabilities and availability of 
secure mobile and other communications through con-
nective technology among human rights and democ-
racy activists in Iran; 
(4) provide resources for digital safety training 
for media and academic and civil society organiza-
tions in Iran; 
(5) provide accurate and substantive Internet 
content in local languages in Iran; 
(6) increase emergency resources for the most 
vulnerable human rights advocates seeking to orga-
nize, share information, and support human rights in 
Iran; 
(7) expand surrogate radio, television, live 
stream, and social network communications inside 
Iran, including— 
(A) by expanding Voice of America’s Per-
sian News Network and Radio Free Europe/ 
Radio Liberty’s Radio Farda to provide hourly 
live news update programming and breaking
113 
news coverage capability 24 hours a day and 7 
days a week; and 
(B) by assisting telecommunications and 
software companies that are United States per-
sons to comply with the export licensing require-
ments of the United States for the purpose of ex-
panding such communications inside Iran; 
(8) expand activities to safely assist and train 
human rights, civil society, and democracy activists 
in Iran to operate effectively and securely; 
(9) identify and utilize all available resources to 
overcome attempts by the Government of Iran to jam 
or otherwise deny international satellite broadcasting 
signals; 
(10) expand worldwide United States embassy 
and consulate programming for and outreach to Ira-
nian dissident communities; 
(11) expand access to proxy servers for democ-
racy activists in Iran; and 
(12) discourage telecommunications and software 
companies from facilitating Internet censorship by 
the Government of Iran. 
SEC. 415. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON POLITICAL PRIS-
ONERS. 
It shall be the policy of the United States—
114 
(1) to support efforts to research and identify 
prisoners of conscience and cases of human rights 
abuses in Iran; 
(2) to offer refugee status or political asylum in 
the United States to political dissidents in Iran if re-
quested and consistent with the laws and national se-
curity interests of the United States; 
(3) to offer to assist, through the United Nations 
High Commissioner for Refugees, with the relocation 
of such political prisoners to other countries if re-
quested, as appropriate and with appropriate consid-
eration for the national security interests of the 
United States; and 
(4) to publicly call for the release of Iranian dis-
sidents by name and raise awareness with respect to 
individual cases of Iranian dissidents and prisoners 
of conscience, as appropriate and if requested by the 
dissidents or prisoners themselves or their families. 
TITLE V—MISCELLANEOUS 
SEC. 501. EXCLUSION OF CITIZENS OF IRAN SEEKING EDU-
CATION RELATING TO THE NUCLEAR AND EN-
ERGY SECTORS OF IRAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall deny 
a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
exclude from the United States, any alien who is a citizen
115 
of Iran that the Secretary of State determines seeks to enter 
the United States to participate in coursework at an insti-
tution of higher education (as defined in section 101(a) of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))) to 
prepare the alien for a career in the energy sector of Iran 
or in nuclear science or nuclear engineering or a related 
field in Iran. 
(b) APPLICABILITY.—Subsection (a) applies with re-
spect to visa applications filed on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 502. INTERESTS IN CERTAIN FINANCIAL ASSETS OF 
IRAN. 
(a) INTERESTS IN BLOCKED ASSETS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), not-
withstanding any other provision of law, including 
any provision of law relating to sovereign immunity, 
and preempting any inconsistent provision of State 
law, a financial asset that is— 
(A) held in the United States for a foreign 
securities intermediary doing business in the 
United States; 
(B) a blocked asset (whether or not subse-
quently unblocked) that is property described in 
subsection (b); and
116 
(C) equal in value to a financial asset of 
Iran, including an asset of the central bank or 
monetary authority of the Government of Iran or 
any agency or instrumentality of that Govern-
ment, that such foreign securities intermediary 
or a related intermediary holds abroad, 
shall be subject to execution or attachment in aid of 
execution in order to satisfy any judgment to the ex-
tent of any compensatory damages awarded against 
Iran for damages for personal injury or death caused 
by an act of torture, extrajudicial killing, aircraft 
sabotage, or hostage-taking, or the provision of mate-
rial support or resources for such an act. 
(2) 
COURT
DETERMINATION
REQUIRED.—In 
order to ensure that Iran is held accountable for pay-
ing the judgments described in paragraph (1) and in 
furtherance of the broader goals of this Act to sanction 
Iran, prior to an award turning over any asset pur-
suant to execution or attachment in aid of execution 
with respect to any judgments against Iran described 
in paragraph (1), the court shall determine whether 
Iran holds equitable title to, or the beneficial interest 
in, the assets described in subsection (b) and that no 
other person possesses a constitutionally protected in-
terest in the assets described in subsection (b) under
117 
the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of the 
United States. To the extent the court determines that 
a person other than Iran holds— 
(A) equitable title to, or a beneficial interest 
in, the assets described in subsection (b) (exclud-
ing a custodial interest of a foreign securities 
intermediary or a related intermediary that 
holds the assets abroad for the benefit of Iran); 
or 
(B) a constitutionally protected interest in 
the assets described in subsection (b), 
such assets shall be available only for execution or at-
tachment in aid of execution to the extent of Iran’s 
equitable title or beneficial interest therein and to the 
extent such execution or attachment does not infringe 
upon such constitutionally protected interest. 
(b) FINANCIAL ASSETS DESCRIBED.—The financial 
assets described in this section are the financial assets that 
are identified in and the subject of proceedings in the 
United States District Court for the Southern District of 
New York in Peterson et al. v. Islamic Republic of Iran 
et al., Case No. 10 Civ. 4518 (BSJ) (GWG), that were re-
strained by restraining notices and levies secured by the 
plaintiffs in those proceedings, as modified by court order 
dated June 27, 2008, and extended by court orders dated
118 
June 23, 2009, May 10, 2010, and June 11, 2010, so long 
as such assets remain restrained by court order. 
(c) RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed— 
(1) to affect the availability, or lack thereof, of 
a right to satisfy a judgment in any other action 
against a terrorist party in any proceedings other 
than proceedings referred to in subsection (b); or 
(2) to apply to assets other than the assets de-
scribed in subsection (b), or to preempt State law, in-
cluding the Uniform Commercial Code, except as ex-
pressly provided in subsection (a)(1). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
BLOCKED
ASSET.—The 
term 
‘‘blocked 
asset’’— 
(A) means any asset seized or frozen by the 
United States under section 5(b) of the Trading 
With the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 5(b)) or 
under section 202 or 203 of the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1701 and 1702); and 
(B) does not include property that— 
(i) is subject to a license issued by the 
United States Government for final pay-
ment, transfer, or disposition by or to a
119 
person subject to the jurisdiction of the 
United States in connection with a trans-
action for which the issuance of the license 
has been specifically required by a provision 
of law other than the International Emer-
gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1701 et seq.) or the United Nations Partici-
pation Act of 1945 (22 U.S.C. 287 et seq.); 
or 
(ii) is property subject to the Vienna 
Convention on Diplomatic Relations or the 
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 
or that enjoys equivalent privileges and im-
munities under the laws of the United 
States, and is being used exclusively for 
diplomatic or consular purposes. 
(2) 
FINANCIAL
ASSET; 
SECURITIES
INTER-
MEDIARY.—The terms ‘‘financial asset’’ and ‘‘securi-
ties intermediary’’ have the meanings given those 
terms in the Uniform Commercial Code, but the 
former includes cash. 
(3) IRAN.—The term ‘‘Iran’’ means the Govern-
ment of Iran, including the central bank or monetary 
authority of that Government and any agency or in-
strumentality of that Government.
120 
(4) PERSON.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘‘person’’ 
means an individual or entity. 
(B) ENTITY.—The term ‘‘entity’’ means a 
partnership, association, trust, joint venture, 
corporation, group, subgroup, or other organiza-
tion. 
(5) TERRORIST
PARTY.—The term ‘‘terrorist 
party’’ has the meaning given that term in section 
201(d) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 
(28 U.S.C. 1610 note). 
(6) UNITED STATES.—The term ‘‘United States’’ 
includes all territory and waters, continental, or in-
sular, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. 
(e) TECHNICAL CHANGES
TO
THE FOREIGN SOV-
EREIGN IMMUNITIES ACT.— 
(1) TITLE 28, UNITED STATES CODE.—Section 
1610 of title 28, United States Code, is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a)(7), by inserting after 
‘‘section 1605A’’ the following: ‘‘or section 
1605(a)(7) (as such section was in effect on Jan-
uary 27, 2008)’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b)— 
(i) in paragraph (2)—
121 
(I) by striking ‘‘(5), 1605(b), or 
1605A’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘(5) 
or 
1605(b)’’; and 
(II) by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ‘‘, or’’; and 
(ii) by adding after paragraph (2) the 
following: 
‘‘(3) the judgment relates to a claim for which 
the agency or instrumentality is not immune by vir-
tue of section 1605A of this chapter or section 
1605(a)(7) of this chapter (as such section was in ef-
fect on January 27, 2008), regardless of whether the 
property is or was involved in the act upon which the 
claim is based.’’. 
(2) TERRORISM RISK INSURANCE ACT OF 2002.— 
Section 201(a) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act 
of 2002 (28 U.S.C. 1610 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘section 1605(a)(7)’’ and inserting ‘‘section 1605A or 
1605(a)(7) (as such section was in effect on January 
27, 2008)’’. 
SEC. 503. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS TO SECTION 1245 OF 
THE NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 
ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2012. 
(a) EXCEPTION FOR SALES OF AGRICULTURAL COM-
MODITIES.—
122 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1245(d)(2) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 
(22 U.S.C. 8513a(d)(2)) is amended— 
(A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting 
‘‘AGRICULTURAL
COMMODITIES,’’ after ‘‘SALES 
OF’’; and 
(B) in the text, by inserting ‘‘agricultural 
commodities,’’ after ‘‘sale of’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made 
by paragraph (1) shall take effect as if included in 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2012 (Public Law 112–81; 125 Stat. 1298). 
(b) REPORT OF ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRA-
TION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1245(d)(4)(A) of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2012 (22 U.S.C. 8513a(d)(4)(A)) is amended— 
(A) by striking ‘‘60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and every 60 days 
thereafter’’ and inserting ‘‘October 25, 2012, and 
the last Thursday of every other month there-
after’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘60-day period’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘2-month period’’.
123 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made 
by paragraph (1) shall take effect on September 1, 
2012. 
SEC. 504. EXPANSION OF SANCTIONS UNDER SECTION 1245 
OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 
ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2012. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1245 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 (22 U.S.C. 
8513a), as amended by section 503, is further amended— 
(1) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘a foreign 
financial institution owned or controlled by the 
government of a foreign country, including’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (4)(D)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘Sanctions imposed’’ 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(i) 
IN
GENERAL.—Sanctions 
im-
posed’’; 
(ii) in clause (i), as designated by 
clause (i) of this subparagraph— 
(I) by striking ‘‘a foreign finan-
cial institution’’ and inserting ‘‘a fi-
nancial transaction described in clause 
(ii) conducted or facilitated by a for-
eign financial institution’’;
124 
(II) by striking ‘‘institution has 
significantly’’ and inserting ‘‘institu-
tion— 
‘‘(I) has significantly reduced’’; 
(III) by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(IV) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(II) in the case of a country that 
has previously received an exception 
under this subparagraph, has, after re-
ceiving the exception, reduced its crude 
oil purchases from Iran to zero.’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(ii) FINANCIAL
TRANSACTIONS
DE-
SCRIBED.—A financial transaction con-
ducted or facilitated by a foreign financial 
institution is described in this clause if— 
‘‘(I) the financial transaction is 
only for trade in goods or services be-
tween the country with primary juris-
diction over the foreign financial insti-
tution and Iran; and
125 
‘‘(II) any funds owed to Iran as 
a result of such trade are credited to 
an account located in the country with 
primary jurisdiction over the foreign 
financial institution.’’; 
(2) in subsection (h)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
paragraph (4); and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS.—The terms ‘re-
duce significantly’, ‘significant reduction’, and ‘sig-
nificantly reduced’, with respect to purchases from 
Iran of petroleum and petroleum products, include a 
reduction in such purchases in terms of price or vol-
ume toward a complete cessation of such purchases.’’; 
and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(i) TERMINATION.—The provisions of this section 
shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the date 
on which the President submits to Congress the certification 
described in section 401(a) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanc-
tions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 
U.S.C. 8551(a)).’’.
126 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) shall apply with 
respect to financial transactions conducted or facilitated on 
or after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act. 
SEC. 505. REPORTS ON NATURAL GAS EXPORTS FROM IRAN. 
(a) REPORT BY ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRA-
TION.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Administrator of the Energy Informa-
tion Administration shall submit to the President and the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the nat-
ural gas sector of Iran that includes— 
(1) an assessment of exports of natural gas from 
Iran; 
(2) an identification of the countries that pur-
chase the most natural gas from Iran; 
(3) an assessment of alternative supplies of nat-
ural gas available to those countries; 
(4) an assessment of the impact a reduction in 
exports of natural gas from Iran would have on global 
natural gas supplies and the price of natural gas, es-
pecially in countries identified under paragraph (2); 
and 
(5) such other information as the Administrator 
considers appropriate.
127 
(b) REPORT BY PRESIDENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
receiving the report required by subsection (a), the 
President shall, relying on information in that report, 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report that includes— 
(A) an assessment of— 
(i) the extent to which revenues from 
exports of natural gas from Iran are still 
enriching the Government of Iran; 
(ii) whether a sanctions regime similar 
to the sanctions regime imposed with re-
spect to purchases of petroleum and petro-
leum products from Iran pursuant to sec-
tion 1245 of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2012, as amend-
ed by sections 503 and 504, or other meas-
ures could be applied effectively to exports 
of natural gas from Iran; 
(iii) the geostrategic implications of a 
reduction in exports of natural gas from 
Iran, including the impact of such a reduc-
tion on the countries identified under sub-
section (a)(2);
128 
(iv) alternative supplies of natural gas 
available to those countries; and 
(v) the impact a reduction in exports 
of natural gas from Iran would have on 
global natural gas supplies and the price of 
natural gas and the impact, if any, on 
swap arrangements for natural gas in place 
between Iran and neighboring countries; 
and 
(B) specific recommendations with respect 
to measures designed to limit the revenue re-
ceived by the Government of Iran from exports 
of natural gas; and 
(C) any other information the President 
considers appropriate. 
(2) FORM OF REPORT.—Each report required by 
paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form 
but may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 506. REPORT ON MEMBERSHIP OF IRAN IN INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, and not later than September 1 of each year 
thereafter, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report listing the inter-
national organizations of which Iran is a member and de-
129 
tailing the amount that the United States contributes to 
each such organization on an annual basis. 
SEC. 507. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EXPORTATION OF 
GOODS, SERVICES, AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR 
AIRCRAFT 
PRODUCED 
IN 
THE 
UNITED 
STATES. 
It is the sense of Congress that licenses to export or 
reexport goods, services, or technologies for aircraft pro-
duced in the United States should be provided only in situa-
tions in which such licenses are truly essential and in a 
manner consistent with the laws and foreign policy goals 
of the United States. 
TITLE VI—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
SEC. 601. IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES. 
(a) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exercise 
all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1702 and 1704) to carry out— 
(1) sections 211, 212, 213, 217, 218, 220, 312, 
and 411, subtitle A of title III, and title VII; 
(2) section 104A of the Comprehensive Iran 
Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 
2010, as added by section 312; and
130 
(3) sections 105A and 105B of the Comprehen-
sive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment 
Act of 2010, as added by subtitle A of title IV. 
(b) PENALTIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The penalties provided for in 
subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1705) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts 
to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation 
of a provision specified in paragraph (2) of this sub-
section, or an order or regulation prescribed under 
such a provision, to the same extent that such pen-
alties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act 
described in section 206(a) of that Act. 
(2) PROVISIONS
SPECIFIED.—The provisions 
specified in this paragraph are the following: 
(A) Sections 211, 212, 213, and 220, sub-
title A of title III, and title VII. 
(B) Sections 105A and 105B of the Com-
prehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and 
Divestment Act of 2010, as added by subtitle A 
of title IV.
131 
SEC. 602. APPLICABILITY TO CERTAIN INTELLIGENCE AC-
TIVITIES. 
Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this 
Act shall apply to the authorized intelligence activities of 
the United States. 
SEC. 603. APPLICABILITY TO CERTAIN NATURAL GAS 
PROJECTS. 
(a) 
EXCEPTION
FOR
CERTAIN
NATURAL
GAS 
PROJECTS.—Nothing in this Act or the amendments made 
by this Act shall apply to any activity relating to a 
project— 
(1) for the development of natural gas and the 
construction and operation of a pipeline to transport 
natural gas from Azerbaijan to Turkey and Europe; 
(2) that provides to Turkey and countries in Eu-
rope energy security and energy independence from 
the Government of the Russian Federation and other 
governments with jurisdiction over persons subject to 
sanctions imposed under this Act or amendments 
made by this Act; and 
(3) that was initiated before the date of the en-
actment of this Act pursuant to a production-sharing 
agreement, or an ancillary agreement necessary to 
further a production-sharing agreement, entered into 
with, or a license granted by, the government of a
132 
country other than Iran before such date of enact-
ment. 
(b) TERMINATION OF EXCEPTION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The exception under sub-
section (a) shall not apply with respect to a project 
described in that subsection on or after the date on 
which the President certifies to the appropriate con-
gressional committees that— 
(A) the percentage of the equity interest in 
the project held by or on behalf of an entity de-
scribed in paragraph (2) has increased relative 
to the percentage of the equity interest in the 
project held by or on behalf of such an entity on 
January 1, 2002; or 
(B) an entity described in paragraph (2) 
has assumed an operational role in the project. 
(2) ENTITY DESCRIBED.—An entity described in 
this paragraph is— 
(A) an entity— 
(i) owned or controlled by the Govern-
ment of Iran or identified under section 
560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula-
tions (relating to the definition of the Gov-
ernment of Iran); or
133 
(ii) organized under the laws of Iran 
or with the participation or approval of the 
Government of Iran; 
(B) an entity owned or controlled by an en-
tity described in subparagraph (A); or 
(C) a successor entity to an entity described 
in subparagraph (A). 
SEC. 604. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION WITH RESPECT TO USE 
OF FORCE AGAINST IRAN AND SYRIA. 
Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this 
Act shall be construed as a declaration of war or an author-
ization of the use of force against Iran or Syria. 
SEC. 605. TERMINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The provisions of sections 211, 212, 
213, 218, 220, 221, and 501, title I, and subtitle A of title 
III shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the 
date on which the President makes the certification de-
scribed in section 401(a) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanc-
tions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 
U.S.C. 8551(a)). 
(b) AMENDMENT TO TERMINATION DATE OF COM-
PREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND DI-
VESTMENT ACT OF 2010.—Section 401(a)(2) of the Com-
prehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment
134 
Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8551(a)(2)) is amended by inserting 
‘‘, and verifiably dismantled its,’’ after ‘‘development of’’. 
TITLE VII—SANCTIONS WITH RE-
SPECT 
TO 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS 
ABUSES IN SYRIA 
SEC. 701. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Syria Human Rights 
Accountability Act of 2012’’. 
SEC. 702. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
CERTAIN PERSONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE 
FOR 
OR 
COMPLICIT 
IN 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS 
ABUSES COMMITTED AGAINST CITIZENS OF 
SYRIA OR THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose sanc-
tions described in subsection (c) with respect to each person 
on the list required by subsection (b). 
(b) LIST OF PERSONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 
OR COMPLICIT IN CERTAIN HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees a list of persons who are officials of the Govern-
ment of Syria or persons acting on behalf of that 
Government that the President determines, based on 
credible evidence, are responsible for or complicit in,
135 
or responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise 
directing, the commission of serious human rights 
abuses against citizens of Syria or their family mem-
bers, regardless of whether such abuses occurred in 
Syria. 
(2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees an 
updated list under paragraph (1)— 
(A) not later than 300 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and every 180 days 
thereafter; and 
(B) as new information becomes available. 
(3) FORM OF REPORT; PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.— 
(A) FORM.—The list required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(B) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The unclassi-
fied portion of the list required by paragraph (1) 
shall be made available to the public and posted 
on the websites of the Department of the Treas-
ury and the Department of State. 
(4) CONSIDERATION
OF
DATA
FROM
OTHER 
COUNTRIES
AND
NONGOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZA-
TIONS.—In preparing the list required by paragraph 
(1), the President shall consider credible data already
136 
obtained by other countries and nongovernmental or-
ganizations, including organizations in Syria, that 
monitor the human rights abuses of the Government 
of Syria. 
(c) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions described 
in this subsection are sanctions pursuant to the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
et seq.), including blocking of property and restrictions or 
prohibitions on financial transactions and the exportation 
of property, subject to such regulations as the President may 
prescribe. 
SEC. 703. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
THE 
TRANSFER 
OF 
GOODS 
OR 
TECH-
NOLOGIES TO SYRIA THAT ARE LIKELY TO BE 
USED TO COMMIT HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose sanc-
tions described in section 702(c) with respect to— 
(1) each person on the list required by subsection 
(b); and 
(2) any person that— 
(A) is a successor entity to a person on the 
list; 
(B) owns or controls a person on the list, if 
the person that owns or controls the person on 
the list had actual knowledge or should have
137 
known that the person on the list engaged in the 
activity described in subsection (b)(2) for which 
the person was included in the list; or 
(C) is owned or controlled by, or under 
common ownership or control with, the person 
on the list, if the person owned or controlled by, 
or under common ownership or control with (as 
the case may be), the person on the list know-
ingly engaged in the activity described in sub-
section (b)(2) for which the person was included 
in the list. 
(b) LIST.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees a list of persons that the President determines 
have knowingly engaged in an activity described in 
paragraph (2) on or after such date of enactment. 
(2) ACTIVITY DESCRIBED.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A person engages in an 
activity described in this paragraph if the per-
son— 
(i) transfers, or facilitates the transfer 
of, goods or technologies described in sub-
paragraph (C) to Syria; or
138 
(ii) provides services with respect to 
goods or technologies described in subpara-
graph (C) after such goods or technologies 
are transferred to Syria. 
(B) APPLICABILITY
TO
CONTRACTS
AND 
OTHER AGREEMENTS.—A person engages in an 
activity described in subparagraph (A) without 
regard to whether the activity is carried out pur-
suant to a contract or other agreement entered 
into before, on, or after the date of the enactment 
of this Act. 
(C) 
GOODS
OR
TECHNOLOGIES
DE-
SCRIBED.—Goods or technologies described in 
this subparagraph are goods or technologies that 
the President determines are likely to be used by 
the Government of Syria or any of its agencies 
or instrumentalities to commit human rights 
abuses against the people of Syria, including— 
(i) firearms or ammunition (as those 
terms are defined in section 921 of title 18, 
United States Code), rubber bullets, police 
batons, pepper or chemical sprays, stun gre-
nades, electroshock weapons, tear gas, water 
cannons, or surveillance technology; or 
(ii) sensitive technology.
139 
(D) SENSITIVE TECHNOLOGY DEFINED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of sub-
paragraph (C), the term ‘‘sensitive tech-
nology’’ means hardware, software, tele-
communications equipment, or any other 
technology, that the President determines is 
to be used specifically— 
(I) to restrict the free flow of un-
biased information in Syria; or 
(II) to disrupt, monitor, or other-
wise restrict speech of the people of 
Syria. 
(ii) EXCEPTION.—The term ‘‘sensitive 
technology’’ does not include information or 
informational materials the exportation of 
which the President does not have the au-
thority to regulate or prohibit pursuant to 
section 203(b)(3) of the International Emer-
gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1702(b)(3)). 
(3) SPECIAL RULE TO ALLOW FOR TERMINATION 
OF SANCTIONABLE ACTIVITY.—The President shall not 
be required to include a person on the list required 
by paragraph (1) if the President certifies in writing 
to the appropriate congressional committees that—
140 
(A) the person is no longer engaging in, or 
has taken significant verifiable steps toward 
stopping, the activity described in paragraph (2) 
for which the President would otherwise have in-
cluded the person on the list; and 
(B) the President has received reliable as-
surances that the person will not knowingly en-
gage in any activity described in paragraph (2) 
in the future. 
(4) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees an 
updated list under paragraph (1)— 
(A) not later than 300 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and every 180 days 
thereafter; and 
(B) as new information becomes available. 
(5) FORM OF REPORT; PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.— 
(A) FORM.—The list required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(B) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The unclassi-
fied portion of the list required by paragraph (1) 
shall be made available to the public and posted 
on the websites of the Department of the Treas-
ury and the Department of State.
141 
SEC. 704. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
PERSONS WHO ENGAGE IN CENSORSHIP OR 
OTHER FORMS OF REPRESSION IN SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose sanc-
tions described in section 702(c) with respect to each person 
on the list required by subsection (b). 
(b) LIST
OF PERSONS WHO ENGAGE
IN CENSOR-
SHIP.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees a list of persons that the President determines 
have engaged in censorship, or activities relating to 
censorship, in a manner that prohibits, limits, or pe-
nalizes the legitimate exercise of freedom of expression 
by citizens of Syria. 
(2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees an 
updated list under paragraph (1)— 
(A) not later than 300 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and every 180 days 
thereafter; and 
(B) as new information becomes available. 
(3) FORM OF REPORT; PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—
142 
(A) FORM.—The list required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(B) PUBLIC
AVAILABILITY.—The unclassi-
fied portion of the list required by paragraph (1) 
shall be made available to the public and posted 
on the websites of the Department of the Treas-
ury and the Department of State. 
SEC. 705. WAIVER. 
The President may waive the requirement to include 
a person on a list required by section 702, 703, or 704 or 
to impose sanctions pursuant to any such section if the 
President— 
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the na-
tional security interests of the United States; and 
(2) submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report on the reasons for that deter-
mination. 
SEC. 706. TERMINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The provisions of this title and any 
sanctions imposed pursuant to this title shall terminate on 
the date on which the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees— 
(1) the certification described in subsection (b); 
and
143 
(2) a certification that— 
(A) the Government of Syria is democrat-
ically elected and representative of the people of 
Syria; or 
(B) a legitimate transitional government of 
Syria is in place. 
(b) CERTIFICATION DESCRIBED.—A certification de-
scribed in this subsection is a certification by the President 
that the Government of Syria— 
(1) has unconditionally released all political 
prisoners; 
(2) has ceased its practices of violence, unlawful 
detention, torture, and abuse of citizens of Syria en-
gaged in peaceful political activity; 
(3) has ceased its practice of procuring sensitive 
technology designed to restrict the free flow of unbi-
ased information in Syria, or to disrupt, monitor, or 
otherwise restrict the right of citizens of Syria to free-
dom of expression; 
(4) has ceased providing support for foreign ter-
rorist organizations and no longer allows such orga-
nizations, including Hamas, Hezbollah, and Pales-
tinian Islamic Jihad, to maintain facilities in terri-
tory under the control of the Government of Syria; 
and
144 
(5) has ceased the development and deployment 
of medium- and long-range surface-to-surface ballistic 
missiles; 
(6) is not pursuing or engaged in the research, 
development, acquisition, production, transfer, or de-
ployment of biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons, 
and has provided credible assurances that it will not 
engage in such activities in the future; and 
(7) has agreed to allow the United Nations and 
other international observers to verify that the Gov-
ernment of Syria is not engaging in such activities 
and to assess the credibility of the assurances pro-
vided by that Government. 
(c) SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS AFTER ELECTION OF 
DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT.—If the President submits to 
the appropriate congressional committees the certification 
described in subsection (a)(2), the President may suspend 
the provisions of this title and any sanctions imposed under 
this title for not more than 180 days to allow time for a 
certification described in subsection (b) to be submitted. 
Attest: 
Clerk.
112TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H.R. 1905 
HOUSE AMENDMENT TO 
SENATE AMENDMENT