HR 3654 IH1S 
disappearance, 
unlawful 
deportation, 
refoulement, or other actions; 
(D) an analysis of the advantages and dis-
advantages of working with partners and allies 
to push for the establishment of a special 
rapporteur for transnational repression at the 
United Nations; and 
(E) a plan for engaging with diplomats 
and consular officials who abuse their positions 
by intimidating, threatening, attacking, or oth-
erwise undermining the human rights and fun-
damental freedoms of exiles and members of 
diasporas in the United States. 
(2) ASSISTANCE PROGRAMMING.—The strategy 
required under subsection (a) shall include— 
(A) ways in which the United States Gov-
ernment has previously and will continue to 
provide support to civil society organizations in 
the United States and in countries in which 
transnational repression occurs— 
(i) to improve the documentation, in-
vestigation, and research of cases, trends, 
and tactics of transnational repression, in-
cluding— 
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(I) any potential for misusing se-
curity tools to target individual dis-
sidents, activists, or journalists; and 
(II) 
ramifications 
of 
transnational repression in under-
mining United States policy or assist-
ance efforts to promote internationally 
recognized human rights and democ-
racy overseas; and 
(ii) to promote the transparency of 
the host country decision-making proc-
esses, including instances in which law en-
forcement 
actions 
against 
victims 
of 
transnational repression occurred because 
of INTERPOL red notices or extradition 
treaties; and 
(B) a description of new or existing emer-
gency assistance mechanisms, including the 
Fundamental Freedoms Fund and the Lifeline 
Embattled CSO Assistance Fund, to aid at-risk 
groups, communities, and individuals, and vic-
tims of transnational repression in the United 
States and in countries in which transnational 
repression occurs to address— 
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(i) physical security installation and 
support; 
(ii) operational support of organiza-
tions 
providing 
assistance 
to 
at-risk 
groups, communities, and individuals; 
(iii) psychosocial and psycho-emo-
tional support; 
(iv) medical assistance, subject to the 
limitations of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.); 
(v) digital security installation and 
support; 
(vi) support and training beyond basic 
digital hygiene training, including emer-
gency response to cyberattacks and en-
hanced capacity to deter surveillance and 
monitoring by malicious actors; 
(vii) relocation support; 
(viii) legal advice and assistance; and 
(ix) trainings to build on their existing 
capacities so they can continue their activ-
ism. 
(3) LAW
ENFORCEMENT
IN
THE
UNITED 
STATES.—The strategy required under subsection 
(a) shall include— 
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(A) the consideration of updates to United 
States law to directly address certain tactics of 
transnational repression, including— 
(i) the criminalization of the gathering 
of information about private individuals in 
diaspora and exile communities on behalf 
of a foreign power that is intending to har-
ass, intimidate, or harm an individual in 
order to prevent their exercise of inter-
nationally recognized human rights; and 
(ii) the expansion of the definition of 
foreign agents under the Foreign Registra-
tions Act of 1938 (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.) 
and section 951 of title 18, United States 
Code; 
(B) ways in which the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation coordinates with the Department 
of State, the Department of Homeland Secu-
rity, United States intelligence agencies, and 
domestic law enforcement agencies in partner 
countries in responding to transnational repres-
sion; 
(C) full consideration of unintended nega-
tive impacts of such expanded legal authorities 
on the civil liberties of communities targeted by 
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transnational repression, taking into account 
the views of such affected communities; 
(D) the development of specific outreach 
strategies to connect law enforcement, other 
agencies, and local municipal officials with tar-
geted diaspora communities to ensure that indi-
viduals who are vulnerable to transnational re-
pression are aware of the Federal and local re-
sources available to them without putting them 
at further risk; and 
(E) examining and reviewing the steps 
taken to address the legality of foreign govern-
ments establishing overseas police stations to 
monitor members of the diaspora. 
(c) ADDITIONAL MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—In 
addition to the matters set forth in subsection (b), the re-
port required under subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) to the extent practicable, a list of— 
(A) 
the 
governments 
that 
perpetrate 
transnational repression most often and the 
host countries that such governments are tar-
geting most often; 
(B) the host governments that cooperate 
most 
often 
with 
the 
governments 
on 
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transnational repression actions referred to in 
subparagraph (A); 
(C) any individuals, whether United States 
citizens or foreign nationals, who are complicit 
in transnational repression as agents of a for-
eign government referred to in subparagraph 
(A) who are operating in the United States; 
(D) refugees, asylum seekers, and popu-
lations 
that 
are 
most 
vulnerable 
to 
transnational repression in the United States 
and, to the extent possible, in foreign countries; 
(E) entities that are exporting dual use 
spyware technology to any of the governments 
referred to in subparagraph (A); 
(F) entities that are buying and selling 
personally identifiable information that can be 
used to track and surveil potential victims; and 
(G) entities that are exporting items on the 
Commerce Control List (as set forth in Supple-
ment No. 1 to part 774 of the Export Adminis-
tration Regulations under subchapter C of 
chapter VII of title 15, Code of Federal Regula-
tions) to any governments referred to in sub-
paragraph (A) that can be misused for human 
rights abuses; 
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(2) an assessment of how data that is pur-
chased by governments most often perpetrating 
transnational repression is utilized; and 
(3) a description of any actions taken by the 
United States Government to address transnational 
repression under existing law, including— 
(A) section 212(a)(3)(C) of the Immigra-
tion 
and 
Nationality 
Act 
(8 
U.S.C. 
1182(a)(3)(C)); 
(B) section 1263 of the Global Magnitsky 
Human Rights Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 
2656 note); 
(C) the interim final rule issued by the Bu-
reau of Industry and Security of the Depart-
ment of Commerce relating to ‘‘Information Se-
curity Controls: Cybersecurity Items’’ (86 Fed. 
Reg. 58205; October 21, 2021; 87 Fed. Reg. 
1670, effective March 7, 2022); 
(D) section 7031(c) of the Department of 
State, Foreign Operations, and Related Pro-
grams Appropriations Act, 2020 (division G of 
Public Law 116–94; 8 U.S.C. 1182 note); 
(E) prosecutions and the statutory author-
ity authorizing such prosecutions; 
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(F) 
establishing 
specific 
bureaucratic 
structures focused on transnational repression; 
(G) which agencies are conducting out-
reach to victims of transnational repression and 
the form of such outreach; 
(H) the challenges of intelligence agencies 
in identifying transnational repression threats 
and perpetrators; and 
(I) United States technology companies 
that knowingly or unknowingly employ, or pro-
vide access to information to, foreign intel-
ligence officers. 
(d) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex, if necessary. 
(e) UPDATES.—The Secretary of State shall provide 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives with annual updates of the strategy required 
under subsection (a). 
SEC. 6. TRAINING. 
(a) DEPARTMENT OF STATE PERSONNEL.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to provide United 
States diplomats and personnel stationed around the 
world with the level of understanding to recognize 
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and combat transnational repression, the Secretary 
of State, in consultation with civil society and the 
business community, shall provide training to such 
members of the Foreign Service, including chiefs of 
mission, regarding transnational repression, includ-
ing training on— 
(A) how to identify different tactics of 
transnational repression in physical and non-
physical forms; 
(B) which governments are known to em-
ploy transnational repression most frequently; 
(C) which governments are most likely to 
cooperate with governments on transnational 
repression-related actions referred to in sub-
paragraph (B); and 
(D) tools of digital surveillance and other 
cyber tools used to carry out transnational re-
pression activities. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2027, to 
develop and implement the curriculum described in 
paragraph (1). 
(b) UNITED STATES OFFICIALS RESPONSIBLE FOR 
DOMESTIC THREATS OF TRANSNATIONAL REPRESSION.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to achieve an ade-
quate level of understanding to recognize and com-
bat transnational repression, the Attorney General, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Se-
curity, the Director of National Intelligence, civil so-
ciety, and the business community, shall provide the 
training recipients referred to in paragraph (2) with 
training regarding transnational repression, includ-
ing training on— 
(A) how to identify different tactics of 
transnational repression in physical and non-
physical forms; 
(B) which governments are known to em-
ploy transnational repression most frequently; 
(C) which communities and locations in the 
United 
States 
are 
most 
vulnerable 
to 
transnational repression; 
(D) tools of digital surveillance and other 
cyber tools used to carry out transnational re-
pression activities; 
(E) espionage and foreign agent laws; and 
(F) how foreign governments may try to 
co-opt the immigration system. 
(2) TRAINING
RECIPIENTS.—The training re-
cipients referred to in this paragraph include, to the 
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extent deemed appropriate and necessary by their 
respective agency heads in the case of any Federal 
employee— 
(A) employees of— 
(i) the Department of Homeland Se-
curity, including U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection, U.S. Citizenship and Immigra-
tion Services, and U.S. Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement; 
(ii) the Department of Justice, includ-
ing the Federal Bureau of Investigation; 
and 
(iii) the Office of Refugee Resettle-
ment of the Department of Health and 
Human Services; 
(B) other Federal, State, and local law en-
forcement and municipal officials receiving in-
struction at the Federal Law Enforcement 
Training Center; and 
(C) appropriate private sector and commu-
nity partners of the Federal Bureau of Inves-
tigation. 
(3) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2024 through 2027, to 
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develop and provide the curriculum and training de-
scribed in paragraph (1). 
SEC. 7. INTELLIGENCE GATHERING. 
The intelligence community (as defined in section 3 
of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)) 
shall devote significant resources— 
(1) to prioritize, to the extent feasible, the iden-
tification of individuals, networks, and tools that are 
used 
for 
perpetrating 
transnational 
repression 
against communities in the United States on behalf 
of foreign governments; 
(2) to share relevant and appropriate informa-
tion with like-minded partners; and 
(3) to effectively coordinate such efforts with 
the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Depart-
ment of Homeland Security, the Office of the Direc-
tor of National Intelligence, and the Department of 
State. 
SEC. 8. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND DE-
PARTMENT OF JUSTICE INITIATIVES TO COM-
BAT TRANSNATIONAL REPRESSION IN THE 
UNITED STATES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Homeland Secu-
rity and the Attorney General, in consultation with the 
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall— 
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(1) dedicate resources to ensure that a tip line 
for victims and witnesses of transnational repres-
sion— 
(A) is staffed by people who are— 
(i) equipped with cultural and lin-
guistic ability to communicate effectively 
with diaspora and exile communities; and 
(ii) knowledgeable of the tactics of 
transnational repression; and 
(B) is encrypted and, to the maximum ex-
tent practicable, protects the confidentiality of 
the identifying information of individuals who 
may call the tip line; 
(2) not later than 270 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act— 
(A) identify existing Federal resources to 
assist and protect individuals and communities 
targeted by transnational repression in the 
United States; and 
(B) in cooperation with the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services and the heads of 
other Federal agencies, publish such resources 
in a toolkit or guide; 
(3) continue to conduct proactive outreach so 
that individuals in targeted communities— 
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(A) are aware of the tip line described in 
paragraph (1); and 
(B) are informed about the types of inci-
dents that should be reported to the Federal 
Bureau of Investigation; 
(4) support data collection and analysis under-
taken by Federal research and development centers 
regarding the needs of targeted communities in the 
United States, with the goal of identifying priority 
needs and developing solutions and assistance mech-
anisms, while recognizing that such mechanisms may 
differ depending on geographic location of targeted 
communities, language, and other factors; 
(5) continue to issue advisories to, and engage 
regularly with, communities that are at particular 
risk of transnational repression, including specific 
diaspora communities— 
(A) to explain what transnational repres-
sion is and clarify the threshold at which inci-
dents of transnational repression constitute a 
crime; and 
(B) to identify the resources available to 
individuals in targeted communities to facilitate 
their reporting of, and to protect them from, 
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transnational repression, without placing such 
individuals at additional risk; and 
(6) conduct annual trainings with caseworker 
staff in congressional offices regarding the tactics of 
transnational repression and the resources available 
to their constituents. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2024 through 2027, for the research, develop-
ment, outreach, and training activities described in sub-
section (a). 
SEC. 
9. 
IMPOSITION 
OF 
SANCTIONS 
RELATING 
TO 
TRANSNATIONAL REPRESSION. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ADMISSION; ADMITTED; ALIEN; LAWFULLY 
ADMITTED
FOR
PERMANENT
RESIDENCE.—The 
terms ‘‘admission’’, ‘‘admitted’’, ‘‘alien’’, and ‘‘law-
fully admitted for permanent residence’’ have the 
meanings given such terms in section 101 of the Im-
migration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; 
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(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs of the Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives; and 
(D) the Committee on Financial Services 
of the House of Representatives. 
(3) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-
son’’ means an individual or entity that is not a 
United States person. 
(4) TRANSNATIONAL
REPRESSION.—The term 
‘‘transnational repression’’ means actions of a for-
eign government, or agents of a foreign government, 
involving the transgression of national borders 
through physical, digital, or analog means to intimi-
date, silence, coerce, harass, or harm members of di-
aspora and exile communities in order to prevent 
their exercise of internationally recognized human 
rights. 
(5) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 
United States; 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or the laws of any jurisdic-
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tion within the United States, including a for-
eign branch of such an entity; and 
(C) any person who is physically present in 
the United States. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not 
less frequently than annually thereafter, the Sec-
retary of State shall submit a report to the appro-
priate congressional committees that, except as pro-
vided in paragraph (2), identifies each foreign per-
son that the President determines has, on or after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, whether know-
ingly 
or 
unknowingly, 
directly 
engaged 
in 
transnational repression. 
(2) EXCEPTION.—The report required under 
paragraph (1) shall not identify individuals if such 
identification would interfere with law enforcement 
efforts. 
(3) EXPLANATION.—If a foreign person identi-
fied in the report required under paragraph (1) is 
not subject to sanctions under section (c), the report 
shall explain, to the extent practicable, the reasons 
such sanctions were not imposed on such person. 
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(4) FORM.—The report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may include a classified annex. 
(c) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—Except as provided 
in subsection (b)(3), the President shall impose 1 or more 
of the sanctions described in subsection (d) with respect 
to each foreign person identified in the report required 
under subsection (b)(1). 
(d) SANCTIONS
DESCRIBED.—The sanctions de-
scribed in this subsection are the following: 
(1) PROPERTY BLOCKING.—The President shall 
exercise all of the powers granted to the President 
under section 203 through 207 of the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 
et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit 
all transactions in property and interests in property 
of a foreign person identified in the report required 
under subsection (b)(1) if such property and inter-
ests in property are in the United States, come with-
in the United States, or are or come within the pos-
session or control of a United States person. 
(2) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR 
PAROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An 
alien described in subsection (b)(1) is— 
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(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—An alien described 
in subsection (b)(1) is subject to revocation 
of any visa or other entry documentation 
of the alien, regardless of when the visa or 
other entry documentation is or was 
issued. 
(ii) IMMEDIATE
EFFECT.—A revoca-
tion under clause (i) shall, in accordance 
with section 221(i) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. 1201(i)— 
(I) take effect immediately; and 
(II) automatically cancel any 
other valid visa or entry documenta-
tion that is in the alien’s possession. 
(e) IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 
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(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex-
ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 
and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 
this section. 
(2) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 
violation of this section or any regulation, license, or 
order issued to carry out this section shall be subject 
to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) 
of section 206 of the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same ex-
tent as a person that commits an unlawful act de-
scribed in subsection (a) of such section. 
(f) SANCTIONS.—The President is authorized to im-
pose sanctions as provided under the Global Magnitsky 
Human Rights Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 10101 et 
seq.) against any foreign person who the President, based 
on credible evidence, determines is responsible for the ren-
dition of journalists, activists, or other individuals to a 
country in which the person would be at risk of irreparable 
harm upon return, including extrajudicial killings, torture, 
or other gross violations of internationally recognized 
human rights. 
(g) WAIVER.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—The President may waive 
the application of sanctions authorized under this 
section with respect to a foreign person if the Presi-
dent determines and certifies to the appropriate con-
gressional committees that such a waiver is in the 
national interests of the United States. 
(2) ANNUAL REPORT.—The President shall pro-
vide an annual report to Congress that— 
(A) lists every waiver granted under para-
graph (1); and 
(B) provides a justification for each such 
waiver. 
(h) EXCEPTIONS.— 
(1) EXCEPTION
FOR
INTELLIGENCE
ACTIVI-
TIES.—Sanctions under this section shall not apply 
to any activity subject to the reporting requirements 
under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 
(50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intel-
ligence activities of the United States. 
(2) EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY
WITH
INTER-
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND FOR LAW ENFORCE-
MENT
ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions 
under 
subsection 
(d)(2) shall not apply with respect to an alien if ad-
mitting or paroling the alien into the United States 
is necessary— 
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(A) to permit the United States to comply 
with the Agreement regarding the Head-
quarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake 
Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
November 21, 1947, between the United Na-
tions and the United States, or other applicable 
international obligations; or 
(B) to carry out or assist law enforcement 
activity in the United States. 
(3) EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 
GOODS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The requirement to im-
pose sanctions under this section shall not in-
clude the authority or a requirement to impose 
sanctions on the importation of goods. 
(B) GOOD DEFINED.—In this paragraph, 
the term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or 
manmade substance, material, supply, or manu-
factured product, including inspection and test 
equipment, and excluding technical data. 
(i) SUNSET.—This section, and any sanctions im-
posed under this section, shall terminate on the date that 
is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:06 Feb 28, 2024
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H3654
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS