105 
(i) data relating to the cost of installation and operation, 
energy requirements, emission reduction benefits, and envi-
ronmental impact of the emission control technology; 
(ii) such data as are available on available technology and 
alternative methods of prevention and control of air pollution; 
and 
(iii) data on alternative fuels, processes, and operating 
methods that will result in elimination or significant reduction 
of emissions. 
(2) CONSULTING COMMITTEES.—To assist in the development of in-
formation on pollution control techniques, the Administrator may es-
tablish a standing consulting committee for each air pollutant included 
in a list published pursuant to subsection (a)(1), which shall be com-
prised of technically qualified individuals representative of State and 
local governments, industry, and the academic community. Each such 
committee shall submit, as appropriate, to the Administrator informa-
tion related to that required by paragraph (1). 
(c) REVIEW, MODIFICATION, AND REISSUANCE OF CRITERIA OR INFOR-
MATION.—The Administrator shall from time to time review, and, as appro-
priate, modify and reissue any criteria or information on control techniques 
issued pursuant to this section. The criteria shall include a discussion of ni-
tric and nitrous acids, nitrites, nitrates, nitrosamines, and other carcino-
genic and potentially carcinogenic derivatives of nitrogen oxides. 
(d) ANNOUNCEMENT IN FEDERAL REGISTER; PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.— 
The issuance of air quality criteria and information on air pollution control 
techniques shall be announced in the Federal Register, and copies shall be 
made available to the general public. 
(e) TRANSPORTATION PLANNING AND GUIDELINES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall, after consultation with 
the Secretary of Transportation, and after providing public notice and 
opportunity for comment, and with State and local officials, periodically 
as necessary to maintain a continuous transportation-air quality plan-
ning process, update the June 1978 Transportation-Air Quality Plan-
ning Guidelines and publish guidance on the development and imple-
mentation of transportation and other measures necessary to dem-
onstrate and maintain attainment of NAAQSes. 
(2) INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED.—The guidelines shall include 
information on— 
(A) methods to identify and evaluate alternative planning and 
control activities; 
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(B) methods of reviewing plans on a regular basis as conditions 
change or new information is presented; 
(C) identification of funds and other resources necessary to im-
plement the plan, including interagency agreements on providing 
such funds and resources; 
(D) methods to ensure participation by the public in all phases 
of the planning process; and 
(E) such other methods as the Administrator determines to be 
necessary to carry out a continuous planning process. 
(f) INFORMATION REGARDING TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall publish and make avail-
able to appropriate Federal, State, and local environmental and trans-
portation agencies from time to time— 
(A) information prepared, as appropriate, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Transportation, and after providing public notice 
and opportunity for comment, regarding the formulation and emis-
sion reduction potential of transportation control measures related 
to criteria pollutants and their precursors, including— 
(i) programs for improved public transit; 
(ii) restriction of certain roads or lanes to, or construction 
of roads or lanes for use by, passenger buses or high occu-
pancy vehicles; 
(iii) employer-based transportation management plans, in-
cluding incentives; 
(iv) trip-reduction ordinances; 
(v) traffic flow improvement programs that achieve emis-
sion reductions; 
(vi) fringe and transportation corridor parking facilities 
serving multiple occupancy vehicle programs or transit serv-
ice; 
(vii) programs to limit or restrict vehicle use in downtown 
areas or other areas of emission concentration particularly 
during periods of peak use; 
(viii) programs for the provision of all forms of high-occu-
pancy, shared-ride services; 
(ix) programs to limit portions of road surfaces or certain 
sections of a metropolitan area to the use of non-motorized 
vehicles or pedestrian use, as to both time and place; 
(x) programs for secure bicycle storage facilities and other 
facilities, including bicycle lanes, for the convenience and pro-
tection of bicyclists, in both public and private areas; 
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(xi) programs to control extended idling of vehicles; 
(xii) programs to reduce motor vehicle emissions, consistent 
with subdivision 3, that are caused by extreme cold start con-
ditions; 
(xiii) employer-sponsored programs to permit flexible work 
schedules; 
(xiv) programs and ordinances to facilitate non-automobile 
travel and the provision and utilization of mass transit and 
to generally reduce the need for single-occupant vehicle travel, 
as part of transportation planning and development efforts of 
a locality, including programs and ordinances applicable to 
new shopping centers, special events, and other centers of ve-
hicle activity; 
(xv) programs for new construction and major reconstruc-
tions of paths, tracks, or areas solely for the use by pedes-
trian or other non-motorized means of transportation when 
economically feasible and in the public interest; and 
(xvi) programs to encourage the voluntary removal from 
use and the marketplace of pre-1980 model year light-duty 
vehicles and pre-1980 model year light-duty trucks; 
(B) information on additional methods or strategies that will 
contribute to the reduction of mobile source related pollutants dur-
ing periods in which any primary ambient air quality standard will 
be exceeded and during episodes for which an air pollution alert, 
warning, or emergency has been declared; 
(C) information on other measures that may be employed to re-
duce the impact on public health or protect the health of sensitive 
or susceptible individuals or groups; and 
(D) information on the extent to which any process, procedure, 
or method to reduce or control an air pollutant may cause an in-
crease in the emissions or formation of any other pollutant. 
(2) ASSESSMENT.—In publishing information under paragraph (1) 
the Administrator shall include an assessment of— 
(A) the relative effectiveness of the processes, procedures, and 
methods described in paragraph (1); 
(B) the potential effect of those processes, procedures, and 
methods on transportation systems and the provision of transpor-
tation services; and 
(C) the environmental, energy, and economic impact of those 
processes, procedures, and methods. 
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(3) CONSULTATION.—For purposes of paragraph (1)(A)(xv), the Ad-
ministrator shall consult with the Secretary of the Interior as well as 
with the Secretary of Transportation. 
(g) ASSESSMENT OF RISKS TO ECOSYSTEMS.—The Administrator may 
assess the risks to ecosystems from exposure to criteria air pollutants (as 
identified by the Administrator in the Administrator’s sole discretion). 
(h) RACT/BACT/LAER CLEARINGHOUSE.—The Administrator shall 
make information regarding emission control technology available to the 
States and to the general public through a central database. Such informa-
tion shall include all control technology information received pursuant to 
State plan provisions requiring permits for sources, including operating per-
mits for existing sources. 
§ 211109. National primary and secondary ambient air qual-
ity standards 
(a) PROMULGATION.— 
(1) AIR
POLLUTANTS
FOR
WHICH
AIR
QUALITY
CRITERIA
WERE 
ISSUED BEFORE DECEMBER 31, 1970.—The Administrator shall promul-
gate regulations prescribing a primary NAAQS and a secondary 
NAAQS for each air pollutant for which air quality criteria were issued 
before December 31, 1970. 
(2) AIR
POLLUTANTS
FOR
WHICH
AIR
QUALITY
CRITERIA
ARE 
ISSUED AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1970.— 
(A) PROPOSED STANDARDS.—With respect to any air pollutant 
for which air quality criteria are issued after December 31, 1970, 
the Administrator shall publish, simultaneously with the issuance 
of such criteria and information, proposed primary and secondary 
NAAQSes for any such air pollutant. 
(B) PROMULGATION.—After a reasonable time for interested 
persons to submit written comments on the proposed standards 
(but not later than 90 days after the initial publication of the pro-
posed standards), the Administrator shall by regulation promul-
gate the proposed primary and secondary NAAQSes with such 
modifications as the Administrator considers appropriate. 
(b) PROTECTION OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE.— 
(1) PRIMARY NAAQSES.—Primary NAAQSes promulgated under sub-
section (a) shall be ambient air quality standards the attainment and 
maintenance of which, in the judgment of the Administrator, based on 
such criteria and allowing an adequate margin of safety, are requisite 
to protect the public health. The primary NAAQSes may be revised in 
the same manner as promulgated. 
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