I 
116TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5354 
To amend title 23, United States Code, to require transportation planners 
to consider projects and strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, 
and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
DECEMBER 6, 2019 
Mr. HUFFMAN (for himself, Mr. POCAN, Mr. CONNOLLY, Mr. BLUMENAUER, 
and Mr. LOWENTHAL) introduced the following bill; which was referred 
to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
A BILL 
To amend title 23, United States Code, to require transpor-
tation planners to consider projects and strategies to 
reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Generating Resilient, 
Environmentally Exceptional National Streets Act’’ or the 
‘‘GREEN Streets Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. CONSIDERATION OF PROJECTS AND STRATEGIES 
TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. 
(a) NATIONAL GOALS AND PERFORMANCE MANAGE-
MENT MEASURES.—Section 150 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as 
paragraph (8); and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the 
following: 
‘‘(7) COMBATING
CLIMATE
CHANGE.—To re-
duce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emis-
sions and improve the resilience of the transpor-
tation system.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking the paragraph designa-
tion and all that follows through ‘‘Not 
later’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘(1) RULEMAKING.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(B) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall peri-
odically update the rulemaking promulgated 
under subparagraph (A) as necessary, including 
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to implement the amendments made to this sec-
tion by the GREEN Streets Act.’’; 
(B) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(C) transit accessibility (as defined in sec-
tion 5326(a) of title 49); 
‘‘(D) transit stop distance (as defined in 
section 5326(a) of title 49); and 
‘‘(E) transit mode share (as defined in sec-
tion 5326(a) of title 49).’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ON PUBLIC 
ROADS.—For the purpose of carrying out section 
119(f)(3), the Secretary shall establish— 
‘‘(A) minimum standards for States to use 
in decreasing per capita vehicle miles traveled 
on public roads, including through— 
‘‘(i) alignment of zoning and land use 
policy and planning; 
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‘‘(ii) investment in active and safe 
transportation infrastructure, such as side-
walks, trails, and bike lanes; and 
‘‘(iii) public transit; 
‘‘(B) minimum standards for States to use 
in improving the resilience of public roads; 
‘‘(C) in consultation with the Adminis-
trator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 
minimum standards for the reduction of green-
house gas emissions on public roads, with the 
goal of achieving net-zero emissions; and 
‘‘(D) measures for States to use to as-
sess— 
‘‘(i) carbon dioxide emissions on pub-
lic roads; and 
‘‘(ii) any other greenhouse gas emis-
sions on public roads, as determined to be 
appropriate by the Secretary.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d)(1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘subsection (c), each State 
shall set’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (c)(1)(A), 
and not later than 1 year after each update of 
that rulemaking under subsection (c)(1)(B), 
each State shall set or update, as applicable,’’; 
and 
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(B) by striking ‘‘and (6)’’ and inserting 
‘‘(6), and (7)’’. 
(b) METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING.— 
(1) FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS.—Section 134(h) 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(F) through (J) as subparagraphs (H) 
through (L), respectively; and 
(ii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(E) the following: 
‘‘(F) reduce carbon dioxide and other 
greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(G) decrease per capita vehicle miles trav-
eled;’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) ANALYSIS OF PROJECTS THAT INCREASE 
TRAFFIC CAPACITY.—In furtherance of the planning 
goals described in subparagraphs (F) and (G) of 
paragraph (1), a metropolitan planning organization 
shall conduct and publish an analysis of the impact 
on per capita vehicle miles traveled, mobile source 
greenhouse gas emissions, and non-single-occupancy- 
vehicle trips, including trips by bicycle, pedestrian 
travel, public transportation, and passenger rail, 
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prior to approval of each project within the metro-
politan planning area that— 
‘‘(A) uses funds made available under this 
title to increase traffic capacity, including— 
‘‘(i) by adding new travel lanes, in-
cluding on an existing road; or 
‘‘(ii) by converting shoulder lanes into 
new travel lanes; and 
‘‘(B) is projected to receive not less than 
$25,000,000 of Federal funds made available 
under this title.’’. 
(2) 
PUBLIC
TRANSPORTATION.—Section 
5303(h)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) 
through (I) as subparagraphs (H) through (K), 
respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (E) 
the following: 
‘‘(F) reduce carbon dioxide and other 
greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(G) decrease per capita vehicle miles trav-
eled;’’. 
(c) STATEWIDE AND NONMETROPOLITAN TRANSPOR-
TATION PLANNING.— 
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(1) FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS.—Section 135(d) 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(F) through (J) as subparagraphs (H) 
through (L), respectively; and 
(ii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(E) the following: 
‘‘(F) reduce carbon dioxide and greenhouse 
gas emissions; 
‘‘(G) decrease per capita vehicle miles trav-
eled;’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) ANALYSIS OF PROJECTS THAT INCREASE 
TRAFFIC CAPACITY.—In furtherance of the planning 
goals described in subparagraphs (F) and (G) of 
paragraph (1), a State shall conduct and publish an 
analysis of the impact on per capita vehicle miles 
traveled, mobile source greenhouse gas emissions, 
and non-single-occupancy-vehicle trips, including 
trips by bicycle, pedestrian travel, public transpor-
tation, and passenger rail, prior to approval of each 
project within the State that— 
‘‘(A) uses funds made available under this 
title to increase traffic capacity, including— 
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(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ON PUBLIC 
ROADS.— 
‘‘(A) PENALTY.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to clause 
(ii), if a State reports, in a performance 
target report under section 150(e), that 
the State has not achieved the targets of 
the State for performance measures de-
scribed in section 150(d) pertaining to the 
minimum standards for public roads estab-
lished by the Secretary under section 
150(c)(7), the State shall be required, dur-
ing the following fiscal year— 
‘‘(I) 
to 
obligate, 
from 
the 
amounts apportioned to the State 
under section 104(b)(1), an amount 
that is not less than the amount of 
funds apportioned to the State for fis-
cal year 2009 under the Interstate 
maintenance program for the purpose 
of achieving the targets through 
projects on Federal-aid highways; and 
‘‘(II) 
to 
obligate, 
from 
the 
amounts apportioned to the State 
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under section 104(b)(2) (other than 
amounts suballocated to metropolitan 
areas and other areas of the State 
under section 133(d)), an amount 
equal to 10 percent of the amount of 
funds apportioned to the State for fis-
cal year 2009 under the Interstate 
maintenance program for the purpose 
of achieving the targets through 
projects on Federal-aid highways. 
‘‘(ii) INCREASE.—Each fiscal year 
after the date of enactment of this para-
graph, the amount required to be obligated 
under clause (i)(I) shall be increased by 2 
percent over the amount required to be ob-
ligated in the previous fiscal year. 
‘‘(B) RESTORATION.—The obligation re-
quirement in subparagraph (A)(i)(I) for a fiscal 
year shall remain in effect for each subsequent 
fiscal year until the date on which the Secretary 
determines that the State has achieved the tar-
gets of the State for performance measures de-
scribed in section 150(d) pertaining to the min-
imum standards for public roads established by 
the Secretary under section 150(c)(7).’’. 
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(e) TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY.— 
(1) TRANSIT ACCESS.—Section 5326 of title 49 
is amended— 
(A) in the section heading, by inserting 
‘‘and 
accessibility’’ 
after 
‘‘manage-
ment’’; 
(B) in subsection (a)— 
(i) by redesignating paragraphs (2) 
and (3) as paragraphs (4) and (5), respec-
tively; and 
(ii) by inserting after paragraph (1) 
the following: 
‘‘(2) COVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘covered en-
tity’ means— 
‘‘(A) any metropolitan planning area with 
a population of not fewer than 250,000 individ-
uals on the date of enactment of the GREEN 
Streets Act; and 
‘‘(B) any State in which there exists a 
metropolitan planning area with a population of 
not fewer than 250,000 individuals on the date 
of enactment of the GREEN Streets Act. 
‘‘(3) TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY.—The term ‘tran-
sit accessibility’ means the share of jobs, health care 
facilities, grocery stores and other food suppliers, 
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schools, and other destinations accessible by public 
transportation in any 45-minute period.’’; 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) TRANSIT MODE SHARE.—The term ‘transit 
mode share’ means the percentage of trips taken by 
public transportation for both commuting and non-
commuting trips. 
‘‘(7) TRANSIT
STOP
DISTANCE.—The term 
‘transit stop distance’ means the average distance by 
census block to the nearest transit stop, passenger 
station, or terminal providing regularly scheduled 
service.’’; 
(D) by redesignating subsections (c) and 
(d) as subsections (d) and (e), respectively; and 
(E) by inserting after subsection (b) the 
following: 
‘‘(c) TRANSIT ACCESS.— 
‘‘(1) STANDARDS
AND
PERFORMANCE
MEAS-
URES.—Not later than 1 year after the date of en-
actment of the GREEN Streets Act, the Secretary 
shall establish national transit access standards and 
performance measures for— 
‘‘(A) transit accessibility; 
‘‘(B) transit stop distance; and 
‘‘(C) transit mode share. 
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‘‘(2) PERFORMANCE TARGETS AND INITIAL RE-
PORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date on 
which the Secretary establishes the standards and 
performance measures under paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall— 
‘‘(A) require each covered entity to— 
‘‘(i) establish targets for the covered 
entity relating to each of the standards 
and performance measures described in 
paragraph (1); and 
‘‘(ii) submit to the Secretary a report 
describing— 
‘‘(I) the performance of the cov-
ered entity with respect to each of the 
standards and performance measures 
described in paragraph (1); and 
‘‘(II) by functional classification, 
the share of housing units and road-
ways in the covered entity that have— 
‘‘(aa) sidewalks; 
‘‘(bb) crosswalks; 
‘‘(cc) dedicated bike lanes; 
or 
‘‘(dd) other forms of dedi-
cated nonmotorized facilities; and 
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‘‘(B) provide technical assistance, including 
analytical tools, to assist a covered entity in— 
‘‘(i) establishing targets under sub-
paragraph (A)(i); and 
‘‘(ii) reporting on performance under 
subparagraph (A)(ii). 
‘‘(3) SUBSEQUENT REPORTS.— 
‘‘(A) TIMING.—Not later than 180 days 
after receipt of the initial report under para-
graph (2)(A)(ii), the Secretary shall establish a 
schedule for the submission of subsequent re-
ports by each covered entity. 
‘‘(B) CONTENTS.—Each subsequent report 
under this paragraph shall describe— 
‘‘(i) the progress of the covered entity 
in meeting the targets of the covered entity 
relating to the standards and performance 
measures described in paragraph (1), in-
cluding any change in performance since 
the submission of the previous report; 
‘‘(ii) any revision of existing targets or 
establishment of new targets relating to 
the standards and performance measures 
described in paragraph (1); and 
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‘‘(iii) any proposal for the revision of 
existing targets or the establishment of 
new targets relating to the standards and 
performance measures described in para-
graph (1). 
‘‘(C) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Sec-
retary shall provide technical assistance, includ-
ing analytical tools, to assist a covered entity 
in— 
‘‘(i) reporting on performance under 
this paragraph; and 
‘‘(ii) establishing or revising perform-
ance targets relating to the standards and 
performance measures described in para-
graph (1).’’. 
(2) METROPOLITAN
TRANSPORTATION
PLAN-
NING.—Section 5303(h)(2)(B)(i)(I) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘title 
23,’’ and inserting ‘‘title 23 and section 5326,’’. 
(3) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(A) Section 134(h)(2)(B)(ii) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘5326(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘5326(d)’’. 
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(B) Section 135(d)(2)(B)(ii) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘5326(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘5326(d)’’. 
(C) Section 5303(h)(2)(B)(ii) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘5326(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘5326(d)’’. 
(D) Section 5304(d)(2)(B)(ii) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘5326(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘5326(d)’’. 
(E) Section 5337(a)(4)(B) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking 
‘‘5326(d)’’ and inserting ‘‘5326(e)’’. 
(F) Section 24904(c)(1)(A) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting 
‘‘subsections (b), (d), and (e) of’’ after ‘‘author-
ized under’’. 
Æ 
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