of 5 years, after which the grantee may reapply for selection 
on a competitive basis’’. 
SEC. 7. GRANTS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT IN CERTAIN STATES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide grants 
to eligible entities for research, development, demonstration, 
and commercial application of biofuel production tech-
nologies in States with low rates of ethanol production, in-
cluding low rates of production of cellulosic biomass eth-
anol, as determined by the Secretary. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this section, an entity shall— 
(1)(A) be an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
(42 U.S.C. 15801)) located in a State described in 
subsection (a); or 
(B) be a consortium including at least 1 such in-
stitution of higher education, and industry, State 
agencies, Indian tribal agencies, National Labora-
tories, or local government agencies located in the 
State; and 
(2) have proven experience and capabilities with 
relevant technologies. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
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this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2010. 
SEC. 8. BIOREFINERY ENERGY EFFICIENCY. 
Section 932 of Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16232), is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsections: 
‘‘(g) BIOREFINERY ENERGY EFFICIENCY.—The Sec-
retary shall establish a program of research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application for increasing 
energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption in the 
operation of biorefinery facilities. 
‘‘(h) RETROFIT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOP-
MENT OF ETHANOL FROM CELLULOSIC MATERIALS.—The 
Secretary shall establish a program of research, develop-
ment, demonstration, and commercial application on tech-
nologies and processes to enable biorefineries that exclu-
sively use corn grain or corn starch as a feedstock to 
produce ethanol to be retrofitted to accept a range of bio-
mass, including lignocellulosic feedstocks.’’. 
SEC. 9. STUDY OF INCREASED CONSUMPTION OF ETHANOL- 
BLENDED GASOLINE WITH HIGHER LEVELS 
OF ETHANOL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in cooperation with 
the Secretary of Agriculture, the Administrator of the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency, and the Secretary of Trans-
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portation, shall conduct a study of the methods of increas-
ing consumption in the United States of ethanol-blended 
gasoline with levels of ethanol that are not less than 10 per-
cent and not more than 40 percent. 
(b) STUDY.—The study under subsection (a) shall in-
clude— 
(1) a review of production and infrastructure 
constraints on increasing consumption of ethanol; 
(2) an evaluation of the environmental con-
sequences of the ethanol blends described in subsection 
(a) on evaporative and exhaust emissions from on- 
road, off-road, and marine vehicle engines; 
(3) an evaluation of the consequences of the eth-
anol blends described in subsection (a) on the oper-
ation, durability, and performance of on-road, off- 
road, and marine vehicle engines; and 
(4) an evaluation of the life cycle impact of the 
use of the ethanol blends described in subsection (a) 
on carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress a report describing the results of the study conducted 
under this section. 
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SEC. 10. STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION OF FLEXIBLE FUELED 
VEHICLES TO USE E–85 FUEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Transportation, shall conduct a study of 
whether optimizing flexible fueled vehicles to operate using 
E–85 fuel would increase the fuel efficiency of flexible fueled 
vehicles. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources of the Senate a report that describes the results of 
the study under this section, including any recommenda-
tions of the Secretary. 
SEC. 11. STUDY OF ENGINE DURABILITY AND PERFORM-
ANCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF BIO-
DIESEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate 
a study on the effects of the use of biodiesel on the perform-
ance and durability of engines and engine systems. 
(b) COMPONENTS.—The study under this section shall 
include— 
(1) an assessment of whether the use of biodiesel 
lessens the durability and performance of conven-
tional diesel engines and engine systems; and 
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(2) an assessment of the effects referred to in sub-
section (a) with respect to biodiesel blends at varying 
concentrations, including the following percentage 
concentrations of biodiesel: 
(A) 5 percent biodiesel. 
(B) 10 percent biodiesel. 
(C) 20 percent biodiesel. 
(D) 30 percent biodiesel. 
(E) 100 percent biodiesel. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 24 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources of the Senate a report that describes the results of 
the study under this section, including any recommenda-
tions of the Secretary. 
SEC. 12. BIOENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AU-
THORIZATION OF APPROPRIATION. 
(a) Section 931 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16231) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) at the end of paragraph (2) by striking 
‘‘and’’; 
(B) at the end of paragraph (3) by striking 
the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
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(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) $963,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$251,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$377,000,000’’; 
(B) 
in 
paragraph 
(3), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$274,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$398,000,000’’; 
and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) $419,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, of which 
$150,000,00 shall be for section 932(d).’’. 
SEC. 13. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 977 of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘and com-
putational biology’’ and inserting ‘‘computational bi-
ology, and environmental science’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘in sus-
tainable production systems that reduce green-
house gas emissions’’ after ‘‘hydrogen’’; 
(B) at the end of paragraph (3), by striking 
‘‘and’’; 
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(C) by redesignating paragraph (4) as 
paragraph (5); and 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(4) develop cellulosic and other feedstocks that 
are less resource and land intensive and that promote 
sustainable use of resources, including soil, water, en-
ergy, forests, and land, and ensure protection of air, 
water, and soil quality; and’’. 
(b) TOOLS AND EVALUATION.—The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Pro-
tection Agency and the Secretary of Agriculture, shall estab-
lish a research and development program to— 
(1) improve and develop analytical tools to fa-
cilitate the analysis of life-cycle energy and green-
house gas emissions, including emissions related to di-
rect and indirect land use changes, attributable to all 
potential biofuel feedstocks and production processes; 
and 
(2) promote the systematic evaluation of the im-
pact of expanded biofuel production on the environ-
ment, including forestlands, and on the food supply 
for humans and animals. 
(c) 
SMALL-SCALE
PRODUCTION
AND
USE
OF 
BIOFUELS.—The Secretary, in cooperation with the Sec-
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retary of Agriculture, shall establish a research and develop-
ment program to facilitate small-scale production, local, 
and on-farm use of biofuels, including the development of 
small-scale gasification technologies for production of 
biofuel from cellulosic feedstocks. 
SEC. 14. STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION OF BIOGAS USED IN NAT-
URAL GAS VEHICLES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall con-
duct a study of methods of increasing the fuel efficiency of 
vehicles using biogas by optimizing natural gas vehicle sys-
tems that can operate on biogas, including the advancement 
of vehicle fuel systems and the combination of hybrid-elec-
tric and plug-in hybrid electric drive platforms with nat-
ural gas vehicle systems using biogas. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology 
of the House of Representatives a report that describes the 
results of the study, including any recommendations of the 
Secretary. 
SEC. 15. STANDARDS FOR BIOFUELS DISPENSERS. 
In the absence of appropriate private sector standards 
adopted prior to the date of enactment of this Act, and con-
sistent with the National Technology Transfer and Ad-
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vancement Act of 1995, the Secretary of Energy, in con-
sultation with the Director of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, shall develop standards for 
biofuel dispenser systems in order to promote broader 
biofuels adoption and utilization. 
SEC. 16. ALGAL BIOMASS. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen-
ate a report on the progress of the research and development 
that is being conducted on the use of algae as a feedstock 
for the production of biofuels. The report shall identify con-
tinuing research and development challenges and any regu-
latory or other barriers found by the Secretary that hinder 
the use of this resource, as well as recommendations on how 
to encourage and further its development as a viable trans-
portation fuel. 
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Union Calendar No. 189 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 2773 
[Report No. 110–302] 
A BILL 
To enhance research, development, demonstration, 
and commercial application of biofuels related 
technologies, and for other purposes. 
AUGUST 3, 2007 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 
and ordered to be printed 
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