the Safe Drinking Water Act; 42 U.S.C. 300f et
seq.).
(2) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
(b) MORATORIUM.—Except as provided in subsection
(d), the Administrator may not implement—
(1) any national primary drinking water regula-
tion promulgated pursuant to section 1412 of the
Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–1) after December 21, 1989;
or
(2) any similar rule or regulation,
until such time as the Administrator meets the applicable
requirements of subsection (c) and authorizing legislation
that extends the authorization with respect to the provi-
sions of the Act is enacted.
(c) STUDY AND REPORT.—
(1) STUDY.—Not later than 1 year after the
date of enactment of this section, the Administrator
shall conduct a comprehensive study to review—
(A) each final regulation that has been
promulgated under the Act as of the date of the
review, and regulatory alternatives to the regu-
lation that reflect a range of levels of safety or
direct health benefits (or a combination of
both);
(B) for each regulatory alternative de-
scribed in subparagraph (A)—
(i) any health effect the regulatory al-
ternative would prevent; and
(ii) the system-level incremental cost
of the alternative;
(C) in consultation with the Director of the
National Academy of Sciences, the list of con-
taminants listed pursuant to section 1412 of
the Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–1) for the purpose of
considering revisions to the list to take into ac-
count—
(i) whether the contaminant is known
(or reasonably anticipated) to cause a sig-
nificant adverse effect on human health;
(ii) if the contaminant is not known
(or reasonably anticipated) to cause a sig-
nificant adverse effect on human health,
the risk or safety factors associated with
the maximum contaminant level for the
contaminant under section 1412 of the Act
(including any safety factor associated with
relative source contribution and assump-
tions concerning water consumption); and
(iii) whether the contaminant is
known to be, or reasonably anticipated to
occur, in public water systems located
within each State and region covered by
the Act;
(D) the compliance deadlines under the
Act (to determine whether any revision would
be appropriate);
(E) each regulation and proposed regula-
tion described in subsection (b), for the purpose
of determining whether a regulation to apply
exclusively to small public water systems (as de-
termined by the Administrator) would be more
appropriate to address the needs of small com-
munities (as determined by the Administrator);
and
(F) the funding needs of States and politi-
cal subdivisions of States to meet the require-
ments of the Act, and recommended alter-
natives to ensure that States and political sub-
divisions of States meet the funding needs.
(2) REPORT.—Upon completion of the study
described in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall
submit to Congress a written report that documents
the findings of the study and includes recommended
legislative changes to the Act.
(d) ISSUANCE OF REGULATIONS.—If the Adminis-
trator, in consultation with the States, and after consider-
ing available resources for managing risks associated with
drinking water, determines that the immediate implemen-
tation or promulgation of a national primary drinking
water regulation under section 1412 of the Act (42 U.S.C.
300g–1), or similar rule or regulation, is justifiable in
order to protect human health, the Administrator shall im-
plement or promulgate the regulation without regard to
subsection (b).
SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM.
Section 1401(4) of title XIV of the Public Health
Service Act (commonly known as the Safe Drinking Water
Act) is amended by adding the following at the end there-
of: ‘‘Such term shall not include any system which (i) re-
lies only on surface water supplies, (ii) serves only sea-
sonal rental residences, and (iii) serves 100 or fewer indi-
viduals. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term
‘seasonal’ refers to residences occupied less than 6 months
during any calendar year.’’.
Æ