I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4024 
To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment of standards 
to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel used by certain vessels, and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 12, 2023 
Mr. ROBERT
GARCIA
of California (for himself, Ms. BARRAGA´N, Mr. 
HUFFMAN, Ms. BONAMICI, Mr. CLEAVER, Ms. TLAIB, Ms. NORTON, Ms. 
LEE of California, Mr. SCHIFF, Ms. SHERRILL, Mr. LIEU, Mr. GRIJALVA, 
and Mr. ESPAILLAT) introduced the following bill; which was referred to 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment 
of standards to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel 
used by certain vessels, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Clean Shipping Act 
of 2023’’. 
SEC. 2. MARINE ZERO GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STANDARD. 
The Clean Air Act is amended by adding after section 
212 (42 U.S.C. 7546) the following new section: 
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‘‘SEC. 212A. MARINE ZERO GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STAND-
ARD. 
‘‘(a) MARINE VESSEL FUEL CARBON INTENSITY 
STANDARDS.— 
‘‘(1) STANDARDS.—The Administrator shall, by 
regulation, require each vessel on a covered voyage 
to comply with standards for the carbon intensity of 
the fuel used by such vessel so that such carbon in-
tensity is— 
‘‘(A) in each of calendar years 2027 
through 2029, at least 20 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; 
‘‘(B) in each of calendar years 2030 
through 2034, at least 45 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; 
‘‘(C) in each of calendar years 2035 
through 2039, at least 80 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; and 
‘‘(D) in calendar year 2040 and each cal-
endar year thereafter, 100 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline. 
‘‘(2) PROMULGATION OF STANDARDS.—The Ad-
ministrator shall finalize— 
‘‘(A) the standard required by paragraph 
(1)(A) by not later than January 1, 2026; and 
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‘‘(B) the standards required by each of 
subparagraphs (B) through (D) of paragraph 
(1) by not later than 2 years before the respec-
tive standard goes into effect. 
‘‘(3) TECHNOLOGICAL
OR
ECONOMIC
FEASI-
BILITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Administrator 
determines that a reduction in carbon intensity 
required under paragraph (1) is not techno-
logically or economically feasible by the applica-
ble deadline under such paragraph, the Admin-
istrator, in lieu of promulgating the standard 
otherwise required by paragraph (1), shall pro-
mulgate a standard that will achieve the max-
imum reduction in the carbon intensity of the 
fuel used by vessels on covered voyages that is 
technologically and economically feasible by 
such applicable deadline. 
‘‘(B) CONSIDERATIONS.—In determining 
technological and economic feasibility for pur-
poses of subparagraph (A), the Administrator 
shall take into account the net reduction of 
emissions of greenhouse gases and potential ad-
verse impacts on public health, safety, and the 
environment, including with respect to air qual-
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ity, water quality, and the generation and dis-
posal of solid waste. 
‘‘(4) HARMONIZATION
WITH
INTERNATIONAL 
STANDARDS.—If the Administrator determines that 
standards mandated by the International Maritime 
Organization for reduction of the carbon intensity of 
fuel used by vessels for a calendar year are equally 
or more stringent than the standards under para-
graph (1) for such calendar year, the Administrator 
may adopt such standards. 
‘‘(5) EXEMPTION.—Any vessel that is on cov-
ered voyages for 30 days or fewer during a calendar 
year shall be exempt from the standards promul-
gated under this subsection for that year. 
‘‘(6) COMMON OWNERSHIP OR CONTROL.—For 
purposes of determining compliance with any stand-
ard established under this subsection, the Adminis-
trator may allow the carbon intensity of the fuels 
used by vessels under common ownership or control 
to be averaged. 
‘‘(7) OVERCOMPLIANCE.—The Administrator 
may allow vessels to credit overcompliance with any 
standard established under this subsection towards 
demonstrating compliance with any future standard 
under this subsection. 
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‘‘(b) MONITORING AND REPORTING.— 
‘‘(1) LIST OF METHODS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator 
shall develop a list of acceptable methods for 
monitoring and reporting compliance with the 
standards established under subsection (a). 
‘‘(B) CONSISTENCY
OF
METHODS.—The 
Administrator, to the maximum extent prac-
ticable, shall ensure the consistency of the 
methods listed under subparagraph (A) with 
similar reporting schemes developed by the Eu-
ropean Union and the International Maritime 
Organization. 
‘‘(2) ANNUAL
REPORTING
REQUIREMENTS.— 
For each calendar year, a vessel shall report to the 
Administrator— 
‘‘(A) the carbon intensity of the fuel used 
for each covered voyage; 
‘‘(B) the amount of fuel used for each cov-
ered voyage; and 
‘‘(C) the total greenhouse gas emissions 
measured in carbon dioxide equivalent for all 
covered voyages. 
‘‘(3) ANNUAL
REPORT.—Not later than 6 
months after the end of each annual reporting pe-
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riod under paragraph (2), the Administrator, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Transportation and 
Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall publish a re-
port that— 
‘‘(A) compiles the data reported under 
paragraph (2); and 
‘‘(B) includes an explanation intended to 
facilitate public understanding of— 
‘‘(i) the carbon dioxide equivalent 
emissions of vessels on covered voyages; 
and 
‘‘(ii) the carbon intensity of fuels used 
by such vessels. 
‘‘(c) ENFORCEMENT.—The standards established 
under subsection (a) and the annual reporting require-
ments of subsection (b)(2) shall be considered an emission 
standard or limitation for purposes of section 304(a)(1). 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) 
CARBON
DIOXIDE
EQUIVALENT.—The 
term ‘carbon dioxide equivalent’ means the number 
of metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions with the 
same global warming potential as one metric ton of 
another greenhouse gas, as calculated using Equa-
tion A–1 in section 98.2(b) of title 40, Code of Fed-
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eral Regulations, as in effect on the date of enact-
ment of this section. 
‘‘(2) CARBON
INTENSITY.—The term ‘carbon 
intensity’ means the quantity of lifecycle greenhouse 
gas emissions per unit of fuel energy, expressed in 
grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule. 
‘‘(3) CARBON INTENSITY BASELINE.—The term 
‘carbon intensity baseline’ means the average carbon 
intensity of the fuel used by all vessels on covered 
voyages in calendar year 2024. 
‘‘(4) COVERED
VOYAGE.—The term ‘covered 
voyage’ means any voyage of a vessel for the purpose 
of transporting passengers or cargo for commercial 
purposes— 
‘‘(A) that is between any ports of call 
under the jurisdiction of the United States; or 
‘‘(B) that is between a port of call under 
the jurisdiction of the United States and a port 
of call under the jurisdiction of a foreign coun-
try. 
‘‘(5) GREENHOUSE GAS.—The term ‘greenhouse 
gas’ means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, 
hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur 
hexafluoride. 
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‘‘(6) LIFECYCLE
GREENHOUSE
GAS
EMIS-
SIONS.—The term ‘lifecycle greenhouse gas emis-
sions’ has the meaning given such term in section 
211(o). 
‘‘(7) PORT OF CALL.—The term ‘port of call’ 
means the port where a vessel stops to load or un-
load cargo or to embark or disembark passengers. 
‘‘(8) VESSEL.—The term ‘vessel’ means a vessel 
of 400 gross tonnage or more.’’. 
SEC. 3. IN-PORT MARINE VESSEL ZERO EMISSION STAND-
ARDS. 
Section 213 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7547) 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(e) IN-PORT MARINE VESSEL ZERO EMISSION 
STANDARDS.— 
‘‘(1) STANDARDS.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2) and not later than January 1, 2026, the 
Administrator shall promulgate (and from time to 
time revise) standards to eliminate, by not later than 
January 1, 2030, emissions of greenhouse gases and 
air pollutants for which air quality criteria have been 
issued under section 108 from vessels at anchorage 
or at berth in the contiguous zone of the United 
States (as described in Presidential Proclamation 
7219). 
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‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—If the Administrator deter-
mines that standards required by paragraph (1) are 
not technologically or economically feasible, the Ad-
ministrator shall promulgate standards that achieve 
the maximum reduction of such emissions from such 
vessels that is technologically and economically fea-
sible. 
‘‘(3) CONSIDERATIONS.—In determining tech-
nological and economic feasibility under paragraph 
(2), the Administrator shall take into account the 
net reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases, the 
net reduction of emissions of air pollutants for which 
air quality criteria have been issued under section 
108, and potential adverse impacts on public health, 
safety, and the environment, including with respect 
to air quality, water quality, and the generation and 
disposal of solid waste.’’. 
Æ 
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