promote post-conflict stability in affected commu-
nities. 
(4) EXTENSION
OF
EDUCATION
AND
TRAIN-
ING.—Programs to extend education and training, 
including training in business development, to 
women and girls. 
(5) POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT.—Programs to 
politically empower women, including training to as-
sist women and women’s organizations in under-
standing legal systems, electoral processes, legisla-
tion advocacy, and the role of the media, public af-
fairs and information technology in politics, and in 
obtaining leadership positions. 
(b) PROGRAMS OF THE INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR 
RECONSTRUCTION
AND
DEVELOPMENT.—The United 
States Executive Director of the International Bank for 
Reconstruction and Development shall work to ensure that 
disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programs 
developed and funded by the International Bank for Re-
construction and Development provide benefits to former 
combatants that are comparable to the benefits provided 
by such programs to other individuals. 
SEC. 403. POLICE REFORM AND ACCOUNTABILITY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings:
(1) In many developing and postconflict coun-
tries, police and military forces continue to function 
as instruments of repression, coercion, and central-
ized power, even after a transition to democracy has 
begun. 
(2) In order for a transitional, postconflict soci-
ety to become stable and democratic, it is necessary 
for the government of such society to make a clear 
separation between police and military functions, 
and clearly define the military forces that are sub-
ject to civilian, democratic control, and the point at 
which police forces become accountable, representa-
tive service-providers to local communities. 
(3) Police officers in developing and postconflict 
countries are often paid minimal salaries and receive 
little or improper training, resulting in widespread 
police corruption and citizens viewing the police as 
an obstacle to justice rather than the enforcer of 
justice. 
(4) Successful professionalization and demo-
cratic reform of police forces requires not only ade-
quate financial resources, but also concurrent 
strengthening of the rule of law and system of jus-
tice, transparency, and cooperation with local com-
munity and human rights organizations, removal of
corrupt and abusive personnel, and political will for 
meaningful reform at the highest levels of govern-
ment. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a re-
port to the appropriate congressional committees on all 
current programs to assist nations to reconstitute civilian 
police authority and capability following a complex human-
itarian emergency, including ensuring the enforcement of 
laws that are designed to protect women and children and 
improve accountability for gender-based violence.
SEC. 404. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE IMPROVE-
MENT OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING 
OPERATIONS. 
It is the sense of Congress that the United Nations 
Department of Peacekeeping Operations should—
(1) ensure that gender issues are mainstreamed 
into its peacekeeping missions, including by estab-
lishing a senior gender advisor post within the De-
partment of Peacekeeping Operations which reports 
directly to the Under Secretary General for Peace-
keeping Operations; 
(2) provide military, police, and civilian per-
sonnel deployed to areas where women and children
are at risk of gender-based violence or exploitation 
with training materials that—
(A) assist such personnel with protecting 
and addressing the particular needs of women 
and children; and 
(B) were developed in consultation with 
women’s organizations; and 
(3) ensure that the Special Representative of 
the Secretary General of the peacekeeping mission 
has direct contact with local women leaders or wom-
en’s organizations in the area in which the peace-
keepers are deployed for the purpose of obtaining in-
formation regarding gender-based violence or exploi-
tation of children. 
TITLE 
V—WOMEN 
AND 
CHIL-
DREN’S PROTECTION ASSIST-
ANCE 
SEC. 501. WOMEN AND CHILDREN’S PROTECTION ASSIST-
ANCE. 
Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new section:
‘‘SEC. 135. WOMEN AND CHILDREN’S PROTECTION ASSIST-
ANCE. 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, and subject to the limitations of subsection 
(b), the President is authorized to provide assistance for 
programs, projects, and activities to promote the security 
of, provide equal access to basic services for, and safe-
guard the human rights and dignity of civilian women and 
children who are refugees, displaced persons, or living in 
areas affected by a complex humanitarian emergency. 
Such assistance shall include programs—
‘‘(1) to build the capacity of nongovernmental 
organizations to protect women and children during 
a complex humanitarian emergency, by training 
staff, incorporating cross-sectored initiatives that 
promote child protection, collecting and analyzing 
data, developing curricula, designing field programs, 
and building local partnerships; 
‘‘(2) to support local and international non-
governmental initiatives to prevent, detect, and re-
port exploitation of children and gender-based vio-
lence, including through the provision of training hu-
manitarian protection monitors for refugees and in-
ternally displaced persons; 
‘‘(3) to conduct protection and security assess-
ments for refugees and internally displaced persons
in camps or in communities, with special emphasis 
on the security of women and children for the pur-
poses of improving the design and security of camps 
for refugees and internally displaced persons, includ-
ing provision for lights, fences, radios, and other lo-
gistics and durable goods; 
‘‘(4) to provide, when practicable, education 
during a complex humanitarian emergency, including 
primary, secondary, remedial, and accelerated edu-
cation, vocational and technical training, health and 
safety awareness, and other structured activities 
that create safe spaces for children and adolescents, 
especially for girls; 
‘‘(5) to reintegrate and rehabilitate former com-
batants and survivors of gender-based violence, in-
cluding through remedial and accelerated education, 
technical, and vocational training, psychosocial as-
sistance and trauma counseling, family and commu-
nity reinsertion, medical assistance, and strength-
ening community systems to support sustained re-
integration; 
‘‘(6) to establish registries and clearinghouses 
to trace relatives and begin family reunification, 
with a specific focus on helping children find their 
families;
‘‘(7) to provide interim care and placement for 
separated children and orphans, including moni-
toring and followup services; 
‘‘(8) to provide legal services for survivors of 
rape, torture, and other forms of gender-based vio-
lence, including the collection of evidence for war 
crimes tribunals and advocacy for legal reform; and 
‘‘(9) to provide training in human rights and 
humanitarian law, particularly as they relate to the 
protection of women and children, to local law en-
forcement personnel in areas of high concentration 
of refugees and internally displaced persons. 
‘‘(b) COMPLEX HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCY DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘complex humanitarian 
emergency’ means a situation that—
‘‘(1) occurs outside the United States and re-
sults in a significant number of—
‘‘(A) refugees; 
‘‘(B) internally displaced persons; or 
‘‘(C) other civilians requiring basic human-
itarian assistance on an urgent basis; and 
‘‘(2) is caused by one or more situations includ-
ing—
‘‘(A) armed conflict; 
‘‘(B) natural disaster;
‘‘(C) significant food shortage; or 
‘‘(D) state-sponsored harassment or perse-
cution. 
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the President $45,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2004 and 2005 to carry out this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(2) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.—Of the amounts 
authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1), 
in each fiscal year, $25,000,000 shall be adminis-
tered by the United States Agency for International 
Development and $20,000,000 shall be administered 
by the Department of State. 
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—Of the amounts authorized 
to be appropriated under paragraph (1)—
‘‘(A) not more than $2,000,000 shall be 
made available in a fiscal year for the programs 
described in subsection (a)(5); and 
‘‘(B) not more than $2,000,000 may be 
transferred in each fiscal year to the Depart-
ment of Justice to provide training for foreign 
law enforcement personnel in the investigation 
and prosecution of gender-based violence and 
exploitation of children.
‘‘(4) RELATION TO EXISTING LAW.—The au-
thority provided by subsection (a) shall be subject to 
the limitations and prohibitions contained in section 
104(f). 
‘‘(5) ADDITIONAL FUNDS.—Amounts authorized 
to be appropriated by this section shall be made 
available, in addition to funds otherwise made avail-
able under this part, to the Department of State for 
the Migration and Refugee Assistance account or the 
Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance ac-
count, or to the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development for the International Disaster 
Assistance account. 
‘‘(6) COMPETITIVE GRANTS.—Amounts author-
ized to be appropriated by this section shall be made 
available in the form of grants and cooperative 
agreements that are issued on an open and competi-
tive basis. 
‘‘(7) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts ap-
propriated pursuant to this section are authorized to 
remain available until expended.’’.
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