I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2880 
To amend the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 to enhance United States diplo-
matic efforts with respect to Iran by expanding economic sanctions 
against Iran to include the importation of refined petroleum. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 27, 2007 
Mr. KIRK (for himself, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. KLEIN of Florida, Mr. BOUSTANY, 
Mr. WEXLER, Mr. CANTOR, Mr. PENCE, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, Mr. 
SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. SOUDER, Mr. KING of New York, Mrs. WIL-
SON of New Mexico, Mr. CULBERSON, Mr. MCCAUL of Texas, Mr. 
WELDON of Florida, Mr. CARNEY, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. WILSON of South 
Carolina, and Mr. MAHONEY of Florida) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition 
to the Committees on Financial Services, Oversight and Government Re-
form, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined 
by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall 
within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To amend the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 to enhance United 
States diplomatic efforts with respect to Iran by expand-
ing economic sanctions against Iran to include the impor-
tation of refined petroleum. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Iran Sanctions En-
hancement Act of 2007’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Islamic Republic of Iran is a signatory 
to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). 
(2) Iran is a member of the International 
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). 
(3) Iran has agreed to safeguards to ensure 
compliance with its non-proliferation commitments 
under the NPT. 
(4) The IAEA has reported numerous concerns 
with the implementation of such safeguards to en-
sure Iran’s compliance with its non-proliferation 
commitments. 
(5) International inspections in 2003 and 2004 
of Iran’s nuclear program revealed significant 
undeclared activities with potential application for 
the development of nuclear weapons. 
(6) According to the IAEA, Iran has not de-
clared the full scope of its nuclear program and has 
not allowed full and unrestricted access to all its nu-
clear sites. 
(7) In June 2006, Iran refused to consider eco-
nomic incentives offered by the five permanent mem-
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bers of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) 
and Germany in exchange for a permanent halt to 
Iran’s uranium enrichment program. 
(8) On July 31, 2006, the UNSC adopted Res-
olution 1696, setting a deadline of August 31, 2006, 
for Iran’s full, unconditional, and immediate compli-
ance with its obligations under the NPT. 
(9) Iran is in violation of UNSC Resolution 
1696. 
(10) On March 23, 2007, the Iranian Revolu-
tionary Guard Navy seized 15 British marines and 
sailors on the same day the UNSC considered a new 
resolution to sanction the Government of Iran for its 
continued defiance of the UNSC and the IAEA. 
(11) On March 24, 2007, the UNSC adopted 
Resolution 1747, imposing further economic sanc-
tions on Iran for its non-compliance with previous 
UNSC resolutions. 
(12) Iran is in violation of UNSC Resolution 
1747. 
(13) On May 14, 2007, IAEA Director General 
Mohammed El-Baradei announced that Iran had 
overcome its technical difficulties and now possesses 
the knowledge to enrich uranium to weapons-grade 
level. 
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(14) On May 20, 2007, the head of Iran’s 
Atomic Energy Organization announced the Iranian 
nuclear program was moving ahead as scheduled to-
wards its previously stated goal of 50,000 cen-
trifuges running at its Natanz facility. 
(15) On May 23, 2007, the IAEA reported that 
Iran not only ignored the UNSC’s deadline to stop 
enriching uranium but markedly expanded its en-
richment program. 
(16) More than 40 percent of Iranian gasoline 
comes from imports. 
(17) The Government of Iran is set to impose 
a daily gasoline ration of three liters for private cars 
and 15 to 20 liters for taxis. 
(18) If the supply of gasoline to Iran is re-
stricted, the impact on Iran’s economy would be con-
siderable. 
(19) Diplomatic means present the most effec-
tive way to defuse the crisis regarding the Iranian 
nuclear program. 
SEC. 3. AMENDMENTS TO THE IRAN SANCTIONS ACT OF 
1996. 
(a) EXPANSION OF SANCTIONS TO REFINED PETRO-
LEUM.—Section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended to read as follows: 
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‘‘(a) SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE DEVELOP-
MENT OF PETROLEUM RESOURCES OF IRAN AND EXPORT 
OF REFINED PETROLEUM TO IRAN.—Except as provided 
in subsection (f), the President shall impose two or more 
of the sanctions described in paragraphs (1) through (6) 
of section 6 if the President determines that a person has, 
with actual knowledge— 
‘‘(1) on or after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, made an investment of $20,000,000 or 
more (or any combination of investments of at least 
$5,000,000 each, which in the aggregate equals or 
exceeds $20,000,000 in any 12-month period), that 
directly and significantly contributed to the enhance-
ment of Iran’s ability to develop petroleum resources 
of Iran; or 
‘‘(2) on or after December 31, 2007, provided 
Iran with refined petroleum resources or engaged in 
an activity that could contribute to the enhancement 
of Iran’s ability to import refined petroleum re-
sources.’’. 
(b) PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.—Section 9(c)(2)(C) of 
such Act is amended by striking ‘‘section 5(a) or section 
5(b) to Iran’s ability to, respectively, develop its petroleum 
resources or its weapons of mass destruction or other mili-
tary capabilities’’ and inserting ‘‘section 5(a)(1), section 
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