United States of America regarding the Head-
quarters of the United Nations, signed June 
26, 1947, and entered into force on November 
21, 1947, or under the Vienna Convention on 
Consular Relations, signed April 24, 1963, and 
entered into force on March 19, 1967, or under 
other international obligations. 
(2) WAIVER.—The President may waive the im-
position of sanctions described in this section for a 
period of not more than 1 year, and may renew such 
waiver for additional periods of not more than 1 
year, if the President transmits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a written determination 
that such waiver meets one or more of the following 
requirements: 
(A) Such waiver is in the national interests 
of the United States. 
(B) Such waiver will further the enforce-
ment of this Act or is for an important law en-
forcement purpose. 
(C) Such waiver is for an important hu-
manitarian purpose. 
(3) REMOVALS OF SANCTIONS AND DESIGNA-
TIONS.—The President may prescribe rules and reg-
ulations for the removal of sanctions under sub-
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sections (b), (c), and (d) and the removal of designa-
tions under subsection (a) if the President deter-
mines that a foreign person, agency or instrumen-
tality of a foreign state, or government of a foreign 
state subject to such sanctions or such designations, 
as the case may be, has verifiably ceased its partici-
pation in any of the conduct with respect to which 
such foreign person, agency or instrumentality of a 
foreign state, or government of a foreign state was 
subject to such sanctions or designation, as the case 
may be, under this section, and has given assurances 
that such foreign person, agency or instrumentality 
of a foreign state, or government of a foreign state, 
as the case may be, will no longer participate in such 
conduct. 
(4) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH UNITED NA-
TIONS
HEADQUARTERS
AGREEMENT.—Sanctions 
under subsection (c) shall not apply to a foreign per-
son if admitting such foreign person into the United 
States is necessary to permit the United States to 
comply with the Agreement regarding the Head-
quarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Suc-
cess June 26, 1947, and entered into force Novem-
ber 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the 
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United States, or other applicable international obli-
gations. 
(h) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion may be construed to limit the authority of the Presi-
dent under the International Emergency Economic Powers 
Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or any other provision of 
law to impose sanctions to address critical cyber threat 
actors and malicious state-sponsored cyber activities. 
(i) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 
and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given such terms in 
section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Financial Services, the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary, the Committee on 
Oversight and Reform, and the Committee on 
Homeland Security of the House of Representa-
tives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs, the Committee on the Judiciary, 
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and the Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs of the Senate. 
(3) AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY OF A FOR-
EIGN STATE.—The term ‘‘agency or instrumentality 
of a foreign state’’ has the meaning given such term 
in section 1603(b) of title 28, United States Code. 
(4) CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR.—The 
term ‘‘critical infrastructure sector’’ means any of 
the designated critical infrastructure sectors identi-
fied in the Presidential Policy Directive entitled 
‘‘Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience’’, 
numbered 21, and dated February 12, 2013. 
(5) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-
son’’ means a person that is not a United States 
person. 
(6) FOREIGN STATE.—The term ‘‘foreign state’’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 1603(a) 
of title 28, United States Code. 
(7) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with 
respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 
means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 
have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 
result. 
(8) MISAPPROPRIATION.—The term ‘‘misappro-
priation’’ means taking or obtaining by improper 
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means, without permission or consent, or under false 
pretenses. 
(9) STATE-SPONSORED
CYBER
ACTIVITIES.— 
The term ‘‘state-sponsored cyber activities’’ means 
any malicious cyber-enabled activities that— 
(A) are carried out by a government of a 
foreign state or an agency or instrumentality of 
a foreign state; or 
(B) are carried out by a foreign person 
that is aided, abetted, or directed by a govern-
ment of a foreign state or an agency or instru-
mentality of a foreign state. 
(10) UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 
United States; or 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or of any jurisdiction within 
the United States, including a foreign branch of 
such an entity. 
SEC. 4. CYBERSECURITY COOPERATION UNDER ASIA REAS-
SURANCE INITIATIVE ACT OF 2018. 
The Administration is encouraged to fully implement 
section 215 of the Asia Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018 
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(Public Law 115–409) with regard to robust cybersecurity 
cooperation between the United States and nations in the 
Indo-Pacific region. 
Æ 
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