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‘‘(VI) Codes that have not been 
subject to review since implementation 
of the fee schedule. 
‘‘(VII) Codes that account for 
the majority of spending under the 
physician fee schedule. 
‘‘(VIII) Codes for services that 
have experienced a substantial change 
in the hospital length of stay or proce-
dure time. 
‘‘(IX) Codes for which there may 
be a change in the typical site of serv-
ice since the code was last valued. 
‘‘(X) Codes for which there is a 
significant difference in payment for 
the same service between different 
sites of service. 
‘‘(XI) Codes for which there may 
be anomalies in relative values within 
a family of codes. 
‘‘(XII) Codes for services where 
there may be efficiencies when a serv-
ice is furnished at the same time as 
other services. 
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‘‘(XIII) Codes with high intra- 
service work per unit of time. 
‘‘(XIV) Codes with high practice 
expense relative value units. 
‘‘(XV) Codes with high cost sup-
plies. 
‘‘(XVI) Codes as determined ap-
propriate by the Secretary.’’. 
(d) TARGET FOR RELATIVE VALUE ADJUSTMENTS 
FOR MISVALUED SERVICES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 1848(c)(2) of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(c)(2)), as 
amended by subsections (a) and (b), is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(O) TARGET FOR RELATIVE VALUE AD-
JUSTMENTS FOR MISVALUED SERVICES.—With 
respect to fee schedules established for each of 
2017 through 2020, the following shall apply: 
‘‘(i) DETERMINATION OF NET REDUC-
TION IN EXPENDITURES.—For each year, 
the Secretary shall determine the esti-
mated net reduction in expenditures under 
the fee schedule under this section with re-
spect to the year as a result of adjust-
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ments to the relative values established 
under this paragraph for misvalued codes. 
‘‘(ii) BUDGET NEUTRAL REDISTRIBU-
TION
OF
FUNDS
IF
TARGET
MET
AND 
COUNTING OVERAGES TOWARDS THE TAR-
GET FOR THE SUCCEEDING YEAR.—If the 
estimated net reduction in expenditures de-
termined under clause (i) for the year is 
equal to or greater than the target for the 
year— 
‘‘(I) reduced expenditures attrib-
utable to such adjustments shall be 
redistributed for the year in a budget 
neutral manner in accordance with 
subparagraph (B)(ii)(II); and 
‘‘(II) the amount by which such 
reduced expenditures exceeds the tar-
get for the year shall be treated as a 
reduction in expenditures described in 
clause (i) for the succeeding year, for 
purposes of determining whether the 
target has or has not been met under 
this subparagraph with respect to that 
year. 
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‘‘(iii) 
EXEMPTION
FROM
BUDGET 
NEUTRALITY IF TARGET NOT MET.—If the 
estimated net reduction in expenditures de-
termined under clause (i) for the year is 
less than the target for the year, reduced 
expenditures in an amount equal to the 
target recapture amount shall not be taken 
into account in applying subparagraph 
(B)(ii)(II) with respect to fee schedules be-
ginning with 2017. 
‘‘(iv) TARGET RECAPTURE AMOUNT.— 
For purposes of clause (iii), the target re-
capture amount is, with respect to a year, 
an amount equal to the difference be-
tween— 
‘‘(I) the target for the year; and 
‘‘(II) the estimated net reduction 
in expenditures determined under 
clause (i) for the year. 
‘‘(v) TARGET.—For purposes of this 
subparagraph, with respect to a year, the 
target is calculated as 0.5 percent of the 
estimated amount of expenditures under 
the fee schedule under this section for the 
year.’’. 
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(2) 
CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—Section 
1848(c)(2)(B)(v) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395w–4(c)(2)(B)(v)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subclause: 
‘‘(VIII) 
REDUCTIONS
FOR 
MISVALUED SERVICES IF TARGET NOT 
MET.—Effective for fee schedules be-
ginning with 2017, reduced expendi-
tures attributable to the application of 
the target recapture amount described 
in subparagraph (O)(iii).’’. 
(e) PHASE-IN
OF SIGNIFICANT RELATIVE VALUE 
UNIT (RVU) REDUCTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1848(c) of the So-
cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(c)) is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(7) PHASE-IN
OF
SIGNIFICANT
RELATIVE 
VALUE UNIT (RVU) REDUCTIONS.—Effective for fee 
schedules established beginning with 2017, for serv-
ices that are not new or revised codes, if the total 
relative value units for a service for a year would 
otherwise be decreased by an estimated amount 
equal to or greater than 20 percent as compared to 
the total relative value units for the previous year, 
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the applicable adjustments in work, practice expense, 
and malpractice relative value units shall be phased- 
in over a 2-year period.’’. 
(2) 
CONFORMING
AMENDMENTS.—Section 
1848(c)(2) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395w–4(c)(2)) is amended— 
(A) in subparagraph (B)(ii)(I), by striking 
‘‘subclause (II)’’ and inserting ‘‘subclause (II) 
and paragraph (7)’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (K)(iii)(VI)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘provisions of subpara-
graph (B)(ii)(II)’’ and inserting ‘‘provi-
sions of subparagraph (B)(ii)(II) and para-
graph (7)’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘under subparagraph 
(B)(ii)(II)’’ and inserting ‘‘under subpara-
graph (B)(ii)(I)’’. 
(f) AUTHORITY TO SMOOTH RELATIVE VALUES 
WITHIN GROUPS OF SERVICES.—Section 1848(c)(2)(C) of 
the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(c)(2)(C)) is 
amended— 
(1) in each of clauses (i) and (iii), by striking 
‘‘the service’’ and inserting ‘‘the service or group of 
services’’ each place it appears; and 
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(2) in the first sentence of clause (ii), by insert-
ing ‘‘or group of services’’ before the period. 
(g) GAO STUDY AND REPORT ON RELATIVE VALUE 
SCALE UPDATE COMMITTEE.— 
(1) STUDY.—The Comptroller General of the 
United States (in this subsection referred to as the 
‘‘Comptroller General’’) shall conduct a study of the 
processes used by the Relative Value Scale Update 
Committee (RUC) to provide recommendations to 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services regard-
ing relative values for specific services under the 
Medicare physician fee schedule under section 1848 
of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4). 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
General shall submit to Congress a report containing 
the results of the study conducted under paragraph 
(1). 
(h) ADJUSTMENT TO MEDICARE PAYMENT LOCAL-
ITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1848(e) of the So-
cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(e)) is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
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‘‘(6) USE OF MSAS AS FEE SCHEDULE AREAS IN 
CALIFORNIA.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to the suc-
ceeding provisions of this paragraph and not-
withstanding the previous provisions of this 
subsection, for services furnished on or after 
January 1, 2017, the fee schedule areas used 
for payment under this section applicable to 
California shall be the following: 
‘‘(i) Each Metropolitan Statistical 
Area (each in this paragraph referred to as 
an ‘MSA’), as defined by the Director of 
the Office of Management and Budget as 
of December 31 of the previous year, shall 
be a fee schedule area. 
‘‘(ii) All areas not included in an MSA 
shall be treated as a single rest-of-State 
fee schedule area. 
‘‘(B) TRANSITION FOR MSAS PREVIOUSLY 
IN REST-OF-STATE PAYMENT LOCALITY OR IN 
LOCALITY 3.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—For services fur-
nished in California during a year begin-
ning with 2017 and ending with 2021 in 
an MSA in a transition area (as defined in 
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subparagraph (D)), subject to subpara-
graph (C), the geographic index values to 
be applied under this subsection for such 
year shall be equal to the sum of the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(I) 
CURRENT
LAW
COMPO-
NENT.—The old weighting factor (de-
scribed in clause (ii)) for such year 
multiplied by the geographic index 
values under this subsection for the 
fee schedule area that included such 
MSA that would have applied in such 
area (as estimated by the Secretary) 
if this paragraph did not apply. 
‘‘(II) 
MSA-BASED
COMPO-
NENT.—The 
MSA-based 
weighting 
factor (described in clause (iii)) for 
such year multiplied by the geographic 
index values computed for the fee 
schedule area under subparagraph (A) 
for the year (determined without re-
gard to this subparagraph). 
‘‘(ii) OLD WEIGHTING FACTOR.—The 
old weighting factor described in this 
clause— 
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‘‘(I) for 2017, is 5⁄6; and 
‘‘(II) for each succeeding year, is 
the old weighting factor described in 
this clause for the previous year 
minus 1⁄6. 
‘‘(iii) MSA-BASED
WEIGHTING
FAC-
TOR.—The MSA-based weighting factor 
described in this clause for a year is 1 
minus the old weighting factor under 
clause (ii) for that year. 
‘‘(C) HOLD HARMLESS.—For services fur-
nished in a transition area in California during 
a year beginning with 2017, the geographic 
index values to be applied under this subsection 
for such year shall not be less than the cor-
responding geographic index values that would 
have applied in such transition area (as esti-
mated by the Secretary) if this paragraph did 
not apply. 
‘‘(D) TRANSITION
AREA
DEFINED.—In 
this paragraph, the term ‘transition area’ 
means each of the following fee schedule areas 
for 2013: 
‘‘(i) The rest-of-State payment local-
ity. 
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‘‘(ii) Payment locality 3. 
‘‘(E) REFERENCES
TO
FEE
SCHEDULE 
AREAS.—Effective for services furnished on or 
after January 1, 2017, for California, any ref-
erence in this section to a fee schedule area 
shall be deemed a reference to a fee schedule 
area established in accordance with this para-
graph.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT TO DEFINITION 
OF FEE SCHEDULE AREA.—Section 1848(j)(2) of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(j)(2)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘The term’’ and inserting ‘‘Ex-
cept as provided in subsection (e)(6)(D), the term’’. 
(i) DISCLOSURE
OF DATA USED TO ESTABLISH 
MULTIPLE PROCEDURE PAYMENT REDUCTION POLICY.— 
The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall make 
publicly available the information used to establish the 
multiple procedure payment reduction policy to the profes-
sional component of imaging services in the final rule pub-
lished in the Federal Register, v. 77, n. 222, November 
16, 2012, pages 68891–69380 under the physician fee 
schedule under section 1848 of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395w–4). 
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SEC. 221. MEDICAID DSH. 
(a) MODIFICATIONS
OF REDUCTIONS
TO ALLOT-
MENTS.—Section 1923(f) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1396r–4(f)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (7)(A)— 
(A) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘2016 
through 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘2017 through 
2024’’; and 
(B) in clause (ii), by striking subclauses 
(I) through (IV), and inserting the following: 
‘‘(I) $1,800,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2017; 
‘‘(II) $4,700,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2018; 
‘‘(III) $4,700,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2019; 
‘‘(IV) $4,700,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2020; 
‘‘(V) $4,800,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2021; 
‘‘(VI) $5,000,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2022; 
‘‘(VII) $5,000,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2023; and 
‘‘(VIII) $4,400,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2024.’’; and 
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(2) by striking paragraph (8) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(8) CALCULATION
OF
DSH 
ALLOTMENTS 
AFTER REDUCTIONS PERIOD.—The DSH allotment 
for a State for fiscal years after fiscal year 2024 
shall be calculated under paragraph (3) without re-
gard to paragraph (7).’’. 
(b) MACPAC REVIEW
AND
REPORT.—Section 
1900(b)(6) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1396(b)(6)) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘MACPAC shall consult’’ and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—MACPAC shall con-
sult’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(B) REVIEW AND REPORTS REGARDING 
MEDICAID DSH.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—MACPAC shall 
review and submit an annual report to 
Congress on disproportionate share hos-
pital payments under section 1923. Each 
report shall include the information speci-
fied in clause (ii). 
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