Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (as added by section 
102(a) of this Act)). 
(f) INCENTIVES.—The President may offer such incen-
tives as the President determines to be necessary to encour-
age individuals to participate in the program, such as par-
tial payment of principal, interest, and related expenses on 
government and commercial loans for educational expenses 
relating to professional health training and, where possible, 
deferment of repayments on such loans, the provision of re-
tirement benefits that would otherwise be jeopardized by 
participation in the program, and other incentives. 
(g) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on steps 
taken to establish the program, including—
(1) the process of recruitment, including the 
venues for recruitment, the number of candidates re-
cruited, the incentives offered, if any, and the cost of 
those incentives; 
(2) the process, including the criteria used, for 
the selection of participants; 
(3) the number of participants placed, the coun-
tries in which they were placed, and why those coun-
tries were selected; and 
(4) the potential for expansion of the program.
(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—In addition to amounts other-
wise available for such purpose, there are authorized 
to be appropriated to the President, from amounts 
authorized to be appropriated under section 401, such 
sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 
2004 through 2008 to carry out the program. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization of appropria-
tions under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain 
available until expended. 
SEC. 305. REPORT ON TREATMENT ACTIVITIES BY REL-
EVANT EXECUTIVE BRANCH AGENCIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 
to appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
programs and activities of the relevant executive branch 
agencies that are directed to the treatment of individuals 
in foreign countries infected with HIV or living with AIDS. 
(b) REPORT ELEMENTS.—The report shall include—
(1) a description of the activities of relevant ex-
ecutive branch agencies with respect to—
(A) the treatment of opportunistic infec-
tions; 
(B) the use of antiretrovirals;
(C) the status of research into successful 
treatment protocols for individuals in the devel-
oping world; 
(D) technical assistance and training of 
local health care workers (in countries affected 
by the pandemic) to administer antiretrovirals, 
manage side effects, and monitor patients’ viral 
loads and immune status; 
(E) the status of strategies to promote sus-
tainability of HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals (in-
cluding antiretrovirals) and the effects of drug 
resistance on HIV/AIDS patients; and 
(F) the status of appropriate law enforce-
ment officials working to ensure that HIV/AIDS 
pharmaceutical treatment is not diminished 
through illegal counterfeiting and black market 
sales of such pharmaceuticals; 
(2) information on existing pilot projects, in-
cluding a discussion of why a given population was 
selected, the number of people treated, the cost of 
treatment, the mechanisms established to ensure that 
treatment is being administered effectively and safely, 
and plans for scaling up pilot projects (including 
projected timelines and required resources); and
(3) an explanation of how those activities relate 
to efforts to prevent the transmission of the HIV infec-
tion. 
Subtitle B—Assistance for Children 
and Families 
SEC. 311. FINDINGS. 
Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) Approximately 2,000 children around the 
world are infected each day with HIV through moth-
er-to-child transmission. Transmission can occur dur-
ing pregnancy, labor, and delivery or through breast 
feeding. Over ninety percent of these cases are in de-
veloping nations with little or no access to public 
health facilities. 
(2) Mother-to-child transmission is largely pre-
ventable with the proper application of pharma-
ceuticals, therapies, and other public health interven-
tions. 
(3) The drug nevirapine reduces mother-to-child 
transmission by nearly 50 percent. Universal avail-
ability of this drug could prevent up to 400,000 infec-
tions per year and dramatically reduce the number of 
AIDS-related deaths. 
(4) At the United Nations Special Session on 
HIV/AIDS in June 2001, the United States com-
mitted to the specific goals with respect to the preven-
tion of mother-to-child transmission, including the 
goals of reducing the proportion of infants infected 
with HIV by 20 percent by the year 2005 and by 50 
percent by the year 2010, as specified in the Declara-
tion of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted by the 
United Nations General Assembly at the Special Ses-
sion. 
(5) Several United States Government agencies 
including the United States Agency for International 
Development and the Centers for Disease Control are 
already supporting programs to prevent mother-to-
child transmission in resource-poor nations and have 
the capacity to expand these programs rapidly by 
working closely with foreign governments and non-
governmental organizations. 
(6) Efforts to prevent mother-to-child trans-
mission can provide the basis for a broader response 
that includes care and treatment of mothers, fathers, 
and other family members who are infected with HIV 
or living with AIDS. 
(7) HIV/AIDS has devastated the lives of count-
less children and families across the globe. Since the 
epidemic began, an estimated 13,200,000 children 
under the age of 15 have been orphaned by AIDS,
that is they have lost their mother or both parents to 
the disease. The Joint United Nations Program on 
HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that this number 
will double by the year 2010. 
(8) HIV/AIDS also targets young people between 
the ages of 15 to 24, particularly young women, 
many of whom carry the burden of caring for family 
members living with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 
10,300,000 young people are now living with HIV/
AIDS. One-half of all new infections are occurring 
among this age group. 
SEC. 312. POLICY AND REQUIREMENTS. 
(a) POLICY.—The United States Government’s re-
sponse to the global HIV/AIDS pandemic should place high 
priority on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, 
the care and treatment of family members and caregivers, 
and the care of children orphaned by AIDS. To the max-
imum extent possible, the United States Government should 
seek to leverage its funds by seeking matching contributions 
from the private sector, other national governments, and 
international organizations. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—The 5-year United States Gov-
ernment strategy required by section 101 of this Act shall—
(1) provide for meeting or exceeding the goal to 
reduce the rate of mother-to-child transmission of
HIV by 20 percent by 2005 and by 50 percent by 
2010; 
(2) include programs to make available testing 
and treatment to HIV-positive women and their fam-
ily members, including drug treatment and therapies 
to prevent mother-to-child transmission; and 
(3) expand programs designed to care for chil-
dren orphaned by AIDS. 
SEC. 313. ANNUAL REPORTS ON PREVENTION OF MOTHER-
TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF THE HIV INFEC-
TION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter 
for a period of five years, the President shall submit to ap-
propriate congressional committees a report on the activi-
ties of relevant executive branch agencies during the report-
ing period to assist in the prevention of mother-to-child 
transmission of the HIV infection. 
(b) REPORT ELEMENTS.—Each report shall include—
(1) a statement of whether or not all relevant ex-
ecutive branch agencies have met the goal described in 
section 312(b)(1); and 
(2) a description of efforts made by the relevant 
executive branch agencies to expand those activities, 
including—
(A) information on the number of sites sup-
ported for the prevention of mother-to-child 
transmission of the HIV infection; 
(B) the specific activities supported; 
(C) the number of women tested and coun-
seled; and 
(D) the number of women receiving prevent-
ative drug therapies. 
(c) REPORTING PERIOD DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘reporting period’’ means, in the case of the initial 
report, the period since the date of enactment of this Act 
and, in the case of any subsequent report, the period since 
the date of submission of the most recent report. 
SEC. 314. PILOT PROGRAM OF ASSISTANCE FOR CHILDREN 
AND FAMILIES AFFECTED BY HIV/AIDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President, acting through the 
United States Agency for International Development, 
should establish a program of assistance that would dem-
onstrate the feasibility of the provision of care and treat-
ment to orphans and other children and young people af-
fected by HIV/AIDS in foreign countries. 
(b) 
PROGRAM
REQUIREMENTS.—The 
program 
should—
(1) build upon and be integrated into programs 
administered as of the date of enactment of this Act
by the relevant executive branch agencies for children 
affected by HIV/AIDS; 
(2) work in conjunction with indigenous commu-
nity-based programs and activities, particularly those 
that offer proven services for children; 
(3) reduce the stigma of HIV/AIDS to encourage 
vulnerable children infected with HIV or living with 
AIDS and their family members and caregivers to 
avail themselves of voluntary counseling and testing, 
and related programs, including treatments; 
(4) provide, in conjunction with other relevant 
executive branch agencies, the range of services for the 
care and treatment, including the provision of 
antiretrovirals and other necessary pharmaceuticals, 
of children, parents, and caregivers infected with HIV 
or living with AIDS; 
(5) provide nutritional support and food secu-
rity, and the improvement of overall family health; 
(6) work with parents, caregivers, and commu-
nity-based organizations to provide children with 
educational opportunities; and 
(7) provide appropriate counseling and legal as-
sistance for the appointment of guardians and the 
handling of other issues relating to the protection of 
children.
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the President should submit a re-
port on the implementation of this section to the appro-
priate congressional committees. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—In addition to amounts other-
wise available for such purpose, there are authorized 
to be appropriated to the President, from amounts 
authorized to be appropriated under section 401, such 
sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 
2004 through 2008 to carry out the program. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to paragraph (1) are authorized to 
remain available until expended. 
SEC. 315. PILOT PROGRAM ON FAMILY SURVIVAL PARTNER-
SHIPS. 
(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to au-
thorize the President to establish a program, through a pub-
lic-private partnership, for the provision of medical care 
and support services to HIV positive parents and their chil-
dren identified through existing programs to prevent moth-
er-to-child transmission of HIV in countries with or at risk 
for severe HIV epidemic with particular attention to re-
source constrained countries. 
(b) GRANTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized to 
establish a program for the award of grants to eligible 
administrative organizations to enable such organiza-
tions to award subgrants to eligible entities to expand 
activities to prevent the mother-to-child transmission 
of HIV by providing medical care and support serv-
ices to HIV infected parents and their children. 
(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Amounts provided under a 
grant awarded under paragraph (1) shall be used—
(A) to award subgrants to eligible entities to 
enable such entities to carry out activities de-
scribed in subsection (c); 
(B) 
for 
administrative 
support 
and 
subgrant management; 
(C) for administrative data collection and 
reporting concerning grant activities; 
(D) for the monitoring and evaluation of 
grant activities; 
(E) for training and technical assistance for 
subgrantees; and 
(F) to promote sustainability. 
(c) SUBGRANTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—An organization awarded a 
grant under subsection (b) shall use amounts received
under the grant to award subgrants to eligible enti-
ties. 
(2) ELIGIBILITY.—To be eligible to receive a 
subgrant under paragraph (1), an entity shall—
(A) be a local health organization, an inter-
national organization, or a partnership of such 
organizations; and 
(B) demonstrate to the awarding organiza-
tion that such entity—
(i) is currently administering a proven 
intervention 
to 
prevent 
mother-to-child 
transmission of HIV in countries with or at 
risk for severe HIV epidemic with par-
ticular attention to resource constrained 
countries, as determined by the President; 
(ii) has demonstrated support for the 
proposed program from relevant government 
entities; and 
(iii) is able to provide HIV care, in-
cluding 
antiretroviral 
treatment 
when 
medically 
indicated, 
to 
HIV 
positive 
women, men, and children with the support 
of the project funding. 
(3) LOCAL HEALTH AND INTERNATIONAL ORGA-
NIZATIONS.—For purposes of paragraph (2)(A)—