I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5402 
To amend the Fair Credit Reporting Act to clarify Federal law with respect 
to reporting certain full-file consumer credit information to consumer 
reporting agencies, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 16, 2025 
Mrs. KIM (for herself and Ms. BYNUM) introduced the following bill; which 
was referred to the Committee on Financial Services 
A BILL 
To amend the Fair Credit Reporting Act to clarify Federal 
law with respect to reporting certain full-file consumer 
credit information to consumer reporting agencies, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Credit Access and In-
clusion Act of 2025’’. 
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SEC. 2. FULL-FILE REPORTING PERMITTED. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 623 of the Fair Credit 
Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681s–2) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) FULL-FILE CREDIT REPORTING.— 
‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
‘‘(A) ENERGY UTILITY FIRM.—The term 
‘energy utility firm’ means an entity that pro-
vides gas or electric utility services to the pub-
lic. 
‘‘(B) UTILITY
OR
TELECOMMUNICATION 
FIRM.—The term ‘utility or telecommunication 
firm’ means an entity that provides utility serv-
ices to the public through pipe, wire, landline, 
wireless, cable, or other connected facilities, or 
radio, electronic, or similar transmission (in-
cluding the extension of such facilities). 
‘‘(2) 
INFORMATION
RELATING
TO
LEASE 
AGREEMENTS, 
UTILITIES, 
AND
TELECOMMUNI-
CATIONS SERVICES.—Subject to the limitations in 
paragraph (3), and notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, a person or the Secretary of Housing 
and Urban Development may furnish to a consumer 
reporting agency information relating to the per-
formance of a consumer in making payments— 
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‘‘(A) under a lease agreement with respect 
to a dwelling, including such a lease in which 
the Department of Housing and Urban Devel-
opment provides subsidized payments for occu-
pancy in a dwelling; or 
‘‘(B) pursuant to a contract for a utility or 
telecommunications service. 
‘‘(3) 
LIMITATION.—Information 
about 
the 
usage by a consumer of any utility service provided 
by a utility or telecommunication firm may be fur-
nished to a consumer reporting agency only to the 
extent that the information relates to the payment 
by the consumer for the service of the utility or tele-
communication service or other terms of the provi-
sion of the services to the consumer, including any 
deposit, discount, or conditions for interruption or 
termination of the service. 
‘‘(4) PAYMENT PLAN.—An energy utility firm 
may not report payment information to a consumer 
reporting agency with respect to an outstanding bal-
ance of a consumer as late if— 
‘‘(A) the energy utility firm and the con-
sumer have entered into a payment plan (in-
cluding a deferred payment agreement, an ar-
rearage management program, or a debt for-
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giveness program) with respect to such out-
standing balance; and 
‘‘(B) the consumer is meeting the obliga-
tions of the payment plan, as determined by the 
energy utility firm. 
‘‘(5) OPT-OUT.—A consumer may opt-out of the 
furnishing of the information described in paragraph 
(2) by submitting a written request to the furnisher 
of such information.’’. 
(b) LIMITATION ON LIABILITY.—Section 623(c) of 
the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681s–2(c)) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘or’’ at the 
end; 
(2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para-
graph (4); and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) subsection (f) of this section, including any 
regulations issued thereunder; or’’. 
(c) GAO STUDY AND REPORT.—Not later than 2 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to 
the Congress a report— 
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(1) on the impact that furnishing information 
pursuant to subsection (f) of section 623 of the Fair 
Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681s–2), as added 
by subsection (a) of this section, has had on con-
sumers; and 
(2) that analyzes the effect on consumer credit 
scores of reporting consumer cash flow data to con-
sumer credit agencies. 
Æ 
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