which college affordability indexes are computed 
under paragraph (1), determine and publish the 
dollar amount that, for each class of institution 
described in subparagraph (C) represents the 
maximum tuition and fees charged for a full-
time undergraduate student in the least costly 
quartile of institutions within each such class 
during the last year of such 3-year interval. An 
institution that has a college affordability index 
computed under paragraph (1) that exceeds 2.0 
for any such 3-year interval, but that, on aver-
age during such 3-year interval, charges less 
than such maximum tuition and fees shall not 
be subject to the actions required by subpara-
graph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1), or any ac-
tion under paragraph (3), unless such institu-
tion, for a subsequent 3-year interval, charges 
more than such maximum tuition and fees. 
‘‘(B) DOLLAR INCREASE EXEMPTION.—An 
institution that has a college affordability index 
computed under paragraph (1) that exceeds 2.0 
for any 3-year interval, but that exceeds such 
2.0 by a dollar amount that is less than $500, 
shall not be subject to the actions required by 
subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1), or
any action under paragraph (3), unless such in-
stitution has a college affordability index for a 
subsequent 3-year interval that exceeds 2.0 by 
more than such dollar amount. 
‘‘(C) CLASSES
OF
INSTITUTIONS.—For 
purposes of subparagraph (B), the classes of in-
stitutions shall be those sectors used by the In-
tegrated Postsecondary Education Data Sys-
tem, based on whether the institution is public, 
nonprofit private, or for-profit private, and 
whether the institution has a 4-year, 2-year, or 
less than 2-year program of instruction. 
‘‘(e) FINES.—In addition to actions authorized in 
section 487(c), the Secretary may impose a fine in an 
amount not to exceed $25,000 on an institution of higher 
education for failing to provide the information described 
in this section in a timely and accurate manner, or for 
failing to otherwise cooperate with the National Center for 
Education Statistics regarding efforts to obtain data on 
the cost and price of higher education under this section 
and pursuant to the program participation agreement en-
tered into under section 487. 
‘‘(f) GAO STUDY AND REPORT.—
‘‘(1) GAO STUDY.—The Comptroller General 
shall conduct a study of the policies and procedures
implemented by institutions in increasing the afford-
ability of postsecondary education. Such study shall 
include information with respect to—
‘‘(A) a list of those institutions that—
‘‘(i) have reduced their college afford-
ability indexes; or 
‘‘(ii) are, as determined under sub-
section (d)(5)(A), within the least costly 
quartile of institutions within each class 
described in subsection (d)(5)(C); 
‘‘(B) policies implemented to stem the in-
crease in tuition and fees and institutional 
costs; 
‘‘(C) the extent to which room and board 
costs and prices changed; 
‘‘(D) the extent to which other services 
were altered to affect tuition and fees; 
‘‘(E) the extent to which the institution’s 
policies affected student body demographics and 
time to completion; 
‘‘(F) what, if any, operational factors 
played a role in reducing tuition and fees; 
‘‘(G) the extent to which academic quality 
was affected, and how;
‘‘(H) the extent to which policies and prac-
tices reducing costs and prices may be rep-
licated from one institution to another; and 
‘‘(I) other information as necessary to de-
termine best practices in increasing the afford-
ability of postsecondary education. 
‘‘(2) INTERIM
AND
FINAL
REPORTS.—The 
Comptroller General shall submit an interim and a 
final report regarding the findings of the study re-
quired by paragraph (1) to the appropriate author-
izing committees of Congress. The interim report 
shall be submitted not later than July 31, 2011, and 
the final report shall be submitted not later than 
July 31, 2013. 
‘‘(g) STUDENT AID RECIPIENT SURVEY.—
‘‘(1) SURVEY REQUIRED.—The Secretary shall 
conduct a survey of student aid recipients under title 
IV on a regular cycle and State-by-State basis, but 
not less than once every 4 years— 
‘‘(A) to identify the population of students 
receiving Federal student aid; 
‘‘(B) to describe the income distribution 
and other socioeconomic characteristics of fed-
erally aided students;
‘‘(C) to describe the combinations of aid 
from State, Federal, and private sources re-
ceived by students from all income groups; 
‘‘(D) to describe the debt burden of edu-
cational loan recipients and their capacity to 
repay their education debts, and the impact of 
such debt burden on career choices; 
‘‘(E) to describe the role played by the 
price of postsecondary education in the deter-
mination by students of what institution to at-
tend; and 
‘‘(F) to describe how the increased costs of 
textbooks and other instructional materials af-
fects the costs of postsecondary education to 
students. 
‘‘(2) SURVEY
DESIGN.—The survey shall be 
representative of full-time and part-time, under-
graduate, graduate, and professional and current 
and former students in all types of institutions, and 
designed and administered in consultation with the 
Congress and the postsecondary education commu-
nity. 
‘‘(3) DISSEMINATION.—The Secretary shall dis-
seminate the information resulting from the survey 
in both printed and electronic form.
‘‘(h) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary is authorized to 
issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out 
the provisions of this section.’’. 
SEC. 108. PERFORMANCE-BASED ORGANIZATION. 
Section 141 (20 U.S.C. 1018) is amended—
(1) in subsection (a)(2)(B)—
(A) by inserting ‘‘unit’’ after ‘‘to reduce 
the’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and, to the extent prac-
ticable, the total costs of administering those 
programs’’ after ‘‘those programs’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)—
(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ‘‘Each 
year’’ and inserting ‘‘Each fiscal year’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)(B), by inserting ‘‘sec-
ondary markets, guaranty agencies,’’ after 
‘‘lenders,’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking 
‘‘Chief Financial Officer Act of 1990 and’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Chief Financial Officers Act of 
1990,’’ and by inserting before the period at the 
end the following: ‘‘, and other relevant stat-
utes’’; and 
(3) in subsection (f)(3)(A), by striking ‘‘para-
graph (1)(A)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph (1)’’.
TITLE II—TEACHER 
PREPARATION 
SEC. 201. TEACHER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT GRANTS. 
Part A of title II (20 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘PART A—TEACHER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT 
GRANTS FOR STATES AND PARTNERSHIPS 
‘‘SEC. 201. PURPOSES; DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this part are to—
‘‘(1) improve student academic achievement; 
‘‘(2) improve the quality of the current and fu-
ture teaching force by improving the preparation of 
prospective teachers and enhancing professional de-
velopment activities; 
‘‘(3) hold institutions of higher education ac-
countable for preparing highly qualified teachers; 
and 
‘‘(4) recruit qualified individuals, including mi-
norities and individuals from other occupations, into 
the teaching force. 
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this part: 
‘‘(1) ARTS AND SCIENCES.—The term ‘arts and 
sciences’ means—
‘‘(A) when referring to an organizational 
unit of an institution of higher education, any
academic unit that offers 1 or more academic 
majors in disciplines or content areas cor-
responding to the academic subject matter 
areas in which teachers provide instruction; and 
‘‘(B) when referring to a specific academic 
subject matter area, the disciplines or content 
areas in which academic majors are offered by 
the arts and science organizational unit. 
‘‘(2) EXEMPLARY TEACHER.—The term ‘exem-
plary teacher’ has the meaning given such term in 
section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). 
‘‘(3) HIGHLY
QUALIFIED.—The term ‘highly 
qualified’ has the meaning given such term in sec-
tion 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). 
‘‘(4) HIGH-NEED LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGEN-
CY.—The term ‘high-need local educational agency’ 
means a local educational agency—
‘‘(A)(i)(I) that serves not fewer than 
10,000 children from families with incomes 
below the poverty line; or 
‘‘(II) for which not less than 25 percent of 
the children served by the agency are from fam-
ilies with incomes below the poverty line;
‘‘(ii) that is among those serving the high-
est number or percentage of children from fam-
ilies with incomes below the poverty line in the 
State, but this clause applies only in a State 
that has no local educational agency meeting 
the requirements of clause (i); or 
‘‘(iii) with a total of less than 600 students 
in average daily attendance at the schools that 
are served by the agency and all of whose 
schools are designated with a school locale code 
of 7, as determined by the Secretary; and 
‘‘(B)(i) for which there is a high percent-
age of teachers not teaching in the academic 
subjects or grade levels that the teachers were 
trained to teach; or 
‘‘(ii) for which there is a high percentage 
of teachers with emergency, provisional, or tem-
porary certification or licensing. 
‘‘(5) POVERTY LINE.—The term ‘poverty line’ 
means the poverty line (as defined by the Office of 
Management and Budget, and revised annually in 
accordance with section 673(2) of the Community 
Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(2))) ap-
plicable to a family of the size involved.
‘‘(6) 
PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT.—The 
term ‘professional development’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 9101 of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
7801). 
‘‘(7) SCIENTIFICALLY
BASED
READING
RE-
SEARCH.—The term ‘scientifically based reading re-
search’ has the meaning given such term in section 
1208 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6368). 
‘‘(8) SCIENTIFICALLY BASED RESEARCH.—The 
term ‘scientifically based research’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 9101 of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
7801). 
‘‘(9) TEACHING
SKILLS.—The term ‘teaching 
skills’ means skills that—
‘‘(A) are based on scientifically based re-
search; 
‘‘(B) enable teachers to effectively convey 
and explain subject matter content; 
‘‘(C) lead to increased student academic 
achievement; and 
‘‘(D) use strategies that—
‘‘(i) are specific to subject matter;
‘‘(ii) include ongoing assessment of 
student learning; 
‘‘(iii) focus on identification and tai-
loring of academic instruction to students’s 
specific learning needs; and 
‘‘(iv) focus on classroom management. 
‘‘SEC. 202. STATE GRANTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—From amounts made available 
under section 210(1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary is 
authorized to award grants under this section, on a com-
petitive basis, to eligible States to enable the eligible 
States to carry out the activities described in subsection 
(d). 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE STATE.—
‘‘(1) DEFINITION.—In this part, the term ‘eligi-
ble State’ means—
‘‘(A) the Governor of a State; or 
‘‘(B) in the case of a State for which the 
constitution or law of such State designates an-
other individual, entity, or agency in the State 
to be responsible for teacher certification and 
preparation activity, such individual, entity, or 
agency. 
‘‘(2) CONSULTATION.—The Governor or the in-
dividual, entity, or agency designated under para-