(iii) TRANSMISSION TO CONGRESS.— 
Not later than 15 days after submitting a 
report to the President under clause (i), 
Secretary of State shall transmit the re-
port to Congress. 
(B) PENALTIES.—After receiving a report 
under subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to a 
country, the President may impose such eco-
nomic, diplomatic, or other penalties as the 
President considers appropriate with respect to 
that country or nationals of that country, in-
cluding the following: 
(i) PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION.— 
The President may direct the Secretary of 
the Treasury to prohibit the importation 
into the United States of any articles from 
the country for such period of time as the 
President determines appropriate and to 
the extent that such prohibition is per-
mitted by the World Trade Organization 
(as defined in section 2(8) of the Uruguay 
Round 
Agreements 
Act 
(19 
U.S.C. 
3501(8))) or pursuant to the multilateral 
trade agreements (as defined in section 
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2(4) of the Uruguay Round Agreements 
Act (19 U.S.C. 3501(4))). 
(ii) 
EXCLUSION
FROM
UNITED 
STATES.— 
(I) IN GENERAL.—The President 
may direct the Secretary of State to 
deny a visa to, and the Secretary of 
Homeland Security to exclude from 
the United States, any national of the 
country described in subparagraph 
(A)(II). 
(II) 
EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY 
WITH
INTERNATIONAL
OBLIGATIONS 
AND FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVI-
TIES.—Subclause (I) shall not apply 
with respect to an individual if admit-
ting or paroling the individual into the 
United States is necessary— 
(aa) to permit the United 
States to comply with the Agree-
ment regarding the Headquarters 
of the United Nations, signed at 
Lake Success June 26, 1947, 
and entered into force November 
21, 1947, between the United 
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Nations and the United States, 
or other applicable international 
obligations; or 
(bb) to carry out or assist 
law enforcement activity in the 
United States. 
(iii) BLOCKING
OF
PROPERTY.—The 
President may exercise all of the powers 
granted to the President under the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent nec-
essary to block and prohibit all trans-
actions in property and interests in prop-
erty of any national of the country de-
scribed in subparagraph (A)(II), if such 
property and interests in property are in 
the United States, come within the United 
States, or are or come within the posses-
sion or control of a United States person. 
(iv) PREVENTION
OF
ACCESS
TO 
INTERNATIONAL
PAYMENT
CHANNELS.— 
The President may work with international 
partners to prevent access to the Society 
for Worldwide Interbank Financial Tele-
communications 
(commonly 
known 
as 
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‘‘SWIFT’’) network and other payment 
channels by any national of the country de-
scribed in subparagraph (A)(II). 
(C) NOTIFICATION
TO
CONGRESS.—Not 
later than 60 days after receiving a report 
under subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to a 
country— 
(i) the President shall notify Congress 
of any action taken by the President pur-
suant to the report; and 
(ii) if the President decides not to di-
rect the Secretary of the Treasury to pro-
hibit the importation of terrestrial wildlife 
from the country, or directs the Secretary 
to prohibit the importation of less than all 
fish, wildlife, or related articles of the 
country, the President shall include in the 
notification required by clause (i) a state-
ment of the reasons for that decision. 
(D) 
PERIODIC
REVIEW
AND
TERMI-
NATION.— 
(i) PERIODIC REVIEW.—After submit-
ting a report to the President under sub-
paragraph (A)(i) with respect to a country, 
the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
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the Secretary of Health and Human Serv-
ices, the Secretary of the Interior, and the 
Administrator of the United States Agency 
for International Development, shall peri-
odically, but not less frequently than every 
2 years, review the actions of the country 
and nationals of the country to determine 
if the reasons for the finding of the Sec-
retary under that subparagraph still exist. 
(ii) TERMINATION.—Upon making a 
determination under clause (i) that the 
reasons for a finding under subparagraph 
(A)(i) with respect to a country no longer 
exist, the Secretary of State shall publish 
in the Federal Register notice of the deter-
mination and a statement of the facts on 
which the determination is based. 
(d) UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL 
DEVELOPMENT.— 
(1) SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS FUNDING.— 
(A) 
AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—In addition to any other amounts pro-
vided for such purposes, there is authorized to 
be appropriated $300,000,000 for each fiscal 
year from 2021 through 2030 to the United 
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States Agency for International Development to 
reduce demand for consumption of wildlife from 
wildlife markets and support shifts to diversi-
fied alternative sources of food and protein in 
communities that rely upon the consumption of 
wildlife for food security while ensuring that ex-
isting wildlife habitat is not encroached upon or 
destroyed as part of this process. 
(B) ACTIVITIES.—The Bureau for Eco-
nomic Growth, Education, and Environment, 
the Bureau for Resilience and Food Security, 
and the Bureau for Global Health of the United 
States Agency for International Development 
shall, in partnership with United States institu-
tions of higher education and nongovernmental 
organizations, co-develop approaches focused on 
safe, sustainable food systems that support and 
incentivize the replacement of terrestrial wildlife 
in diets while ensuring that existing wildlife 
habitat is not encroached upon or destroyed as 
part of this process. 
(2) ADDRESSING
THREATS
AND
CAUSES
OF 
ZOONOTIC
DISEASE
OUTBREAKS.—The Adminis-
trator of the United States Agency for International 
Development shall increase activities in USAID pro-
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grams related to biodiversity, wildlife trafficking, 
sustainable landscape, global health, food security, 
and resilience in order to address the threats and 
causes of zoonotic disease outbreaks, including 
through— 
(A) education; 
(B) capacity building; 
(C) strengthening human health surveil-
lance systems for emergence of zoonotic disease, 
and strengthening cross-sectoral collaboration 
to align risk reduction approaches; 
(D) improved domestic and wild animal 
disease surveillance and control at production 
and market levels; 
(E) development of alternative livelihood 
opportunities where possible; 
(F) conservation of intact ecosystems and 
reduction of fragmentation and conversion of 
natural habitats to prevent the creation of new 
pathways for zoonotic disease transmission; 
(G) minimizing interactions between do-
mestic livestock and wild animals in markets 
and captive production; and 
(H) supporting shifts from wildlife markets 
to diversified, safe, affordable, and accessible 
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protein such as domestic animal- and plant- 
source foods through enhanced local and na-
tional food systems while ensuring that existing 
wildlife habitat is not encroached upon or de-
stroyed as part of this process. 
(3) IMMEDIATE RELIEF FUNDING TO STABILIZE 
PROTECTED
AREAS.—The Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development 
shall administer immediate relief funding to stabilize 
protected areas and conservancies. 
(e) STAFFING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) OFFICE OF TERRORISM AND FINANCIAL IN-
TELLIGENCE.—The Under Secretary of the Treas-
ury for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence is en-
couraged to hire additional investigators to bolster 
capacity for investigations and sanctions focused on 
individuals engaged in the activities described in 
subsection (c)(3)(A). 
(2) UNITED
STATES
AGENCY
FOR
INTER-
NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT.—The Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment, in collaboration with the United States Fish 
and Wildlife Service, the United States Department 
of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
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Service, and other Federal entities as appropriate, is 
authorized to hire additional personnel— 
(A) to undertake programs aimed at reduc-
ing the risks of endemic and emerging infec-
tious diseases and exposure to antimicrobial re-
sistant pathogens; 
(B) to provide administrative support and 
resources to ensure effective and efficient co-
ordination of funding opportunities and sharing 
of expertise from relevant USAID bureaus and 
programs, 
including 
emerging 
pandemic 
threats; 
(C) to award funding to on-the-ground 
projects; 
(D) to provide project oversight to ensure 
accountability and transparency in all phases of 
the award process; and 
(E) to undertake additional activities 
under this Act. 
(f) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) DEPARTMENT OF STATE.—Not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
and annually thereafter until 2030, the Secretary of 
State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report describing— 
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(A) the actions taken pursuant to this Act; 
(B) the impact and effectiveness of inter-
national cooperation on ending the use and op-
eration of wildlife markets; 
(C) the impact and effectiveness of inter-
national cooperation on ending wildlife traf-
ficking associated with wildlife markets; and 
(D) the impact and effectiveness of inter-
national cooperation on ending the international 
trade in live terrestrial wildlife for human con-
sumption as food or medicine. 
(2) UNITED
STATES
AGENCY
FOR
INTER-
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Ad-
ministrator of the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report— 
(A) describing the actions taken pursuant 
to this Act; 
(B) describing the impact and effectiveness 
of reducing demand for consumption of wildlife 
and associated wildlife markets; 
(C) 
summarizing 
additional 
personnel 
hired with funding authorized under this Act, 
including the number hired in each bureau; and 
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(D) describing partnerships developed with 
other institutions of higher learning and non-
governmental organizations. 
SEC. 5. PROHIBITION OF IMPORT, EXPORT, AND SALE OF 
CERTAIN LIVE WILD ANIMALS FOR HUMAN 
CONSUMPTION. 
(a) PROHIBITION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 3 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 
43 the following: 
‘‘§ 44. Prohibition of import, export, and sale of cer-
tain live wild animals for human con-
sumption 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
‘‘(1) the phrase ‘human consumption’ shall in-
clude all consumption as food or medicine except 
consumption that is incidental to lawful hunting ac-
tivity; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘live wild animal’ means a live 
wild mammal, bird, reptile, or amphibian, whether 
or not bred, hatched, or born in captivity with the 
exception of ruminants; and 
‘‘(3) the term ‘wild’ has the meaning given that 
term in section 42. 
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‘‘(b) PROHIBITIONS.—It shall be unlawful for any 
person— 
‘‘(1) to import or export any live wild animal 
for human consumption as food or medicine; 
‘‘(2) to sell or purchase for human consumption 
as food or medicine a live wild animal, including 
through sale or purchase at a live animal market; or 
‘‘(3) to attempt to commit any act described in 
paragraph (1) or (2). 
‘‘(c) PENALTIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Any person who knowingly 
violates subsection (b) shall be fined not more than 
$100,000, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or 
both. 
‘‘(2) MULTIPLE VIOLATIONS.—Each violation of 
subsection (b) shall constitute a separate offense. 
‘‘(3) VENUE.—A violation of subsection (b) may 
be prosecuted in the judicial district in which the 
violation first occurred and any judicial district in 
which the defendant sold the live wild animal.’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections for chapter 3 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating 
to section 43 the following: 
‘‘44. Prohibition of import, export, and sale of certain live wild animals for 
human consumption.’’. 
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(b) FUNDING.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out section 44 of title 18, United States 
Code, as added by subsection (a), $35,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2021 through 2030. 
SEC. 6. LAW ENFORCEMENT ATTACHE´ DEPLOYMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Beginning in fiscal year 2021, the 
Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of 
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, in consulta-
tion with the Secretary of State, shall require the Chief 
of Law Enforcement of the United States Fish and Wild-
life Service to hire, train, and deploy not fewer than 50 
new United States Fish and Wildlife Service law enforce-
ment attache´s, and appropriate additional support staff, 
at one or more United States embassies, consulates, com-
mands, or other facilities— 
(1) in one or more countries designated as a 
focus country or a country of concern in the most 
recent report submitted under section 201 of the 
Eliminate, Neutralize, and Disrupt Wildlife Traf-
ficking Act of 2016 (16 U.S.C. 7621); and 
(2) in such additional countries or regions, as 
determined by the Secretary of Interior, that are 
known or suspected to be a source of illegal trade of 
species listed— 
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(A) as threatened species or endangered 
species under the Endangered Species Act of 
1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); or 
(B) under appendix I of the Convention on 
International Trade in Endangered Species of 
Wild Fauna and Flora, done at Washington 
March 3, 1973 (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249). 
(b) FUNDING.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out this section $150,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2021 through 2030. 
Æ 
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