1043 
effective materials researched or developed 
under this subsection to relevant stake-
holders. 
‘‘(B) ANNUAL REVIEW AND EVALUATION.— 
Not later than 2 years after the date of enact-
ment of this subsection, and not less frequently 
than annually thereafter, the Secretary shall, 
consistent with the activities in paragraph (3)— 
‘‘(i) review and evaluate the programs 
carried out under this subsection by grant 
recipients, describing the effectiveness of the 
program in identifying materials that cap-
ture, absorb, adsorb, reduce, or sequester 
greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(ii) submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate a report describing such review and 
evaluation; and 
‘‘(iii) make the report in clause (ii) 
available to the public on a website. 
‘‘(6) 
LIMITATION
ON
AVAILABILITY
OF 
AMOUNTS.—Amounts made available to carry out this 
subsection shall remain available for obligation by the 
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Secretary for a period of 3 years after the last day 
of the fiscal year for which the amounts are author-
ized. 
‘‘(7) INFORMATION
COLLECTION.—Any survey, 
questionnaire, or interview that the Secretary deter-
mines to be necessary to carry out reporting require-
ments relating to any program assessment or evalua-
tion activity under this subsection, including cus-
tomer satisfaction assessments, shall not be subject to 
chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly known as the ‘Pa-
perwork Reduction Act’). 
‘‘(8) DEFINITION OF ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—In this 
subsection, the term ‘eligible entity’ means— 
‘‘(A) a nonprofit institution of higher edu-
cation, as such term is defined in section 101 of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001); and 
‘‘(B) a State department of transpor-
tation.’’. 
SEC. 5103. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT 5-YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN. 
Section 6503 of title 49, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘The Secretary’’ 
and inserting ‘‘For the period of fiscal years 2017 
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through 2022, and for each 5-year period thereafter, 
the Secretary’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)(1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ‘‘and 
security in the transportation system’’ after 
‘‘safety’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (D) by inserting ‘‘and 
the existing transportation system’’ after ‘‘infra-
structure’’; 
(C) in subparagraph (E) by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(D) by amending subparagraph (F) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(F) reducing greenhouse gas emissions; 
and’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(G) developing and maintaining a diverse 
workforce in transportation sectors;’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d) by striking ‘‘not later than 
December 31, 2016,’’ and inserting ‘‘not later than 
December 31, 2022,’’. 
SEC. 5104. UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS PRO-
GRAM. 
Section 5505 of title 49, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
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(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
‘‘research priorities identified in chapter 
65.’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘following 
research priorities: 
‘‘(i) Improving the mobility of people 
and goods. 
‘‘(ii) Reducing congestion. 
‘‘(iii) Promoting safety. 
‘‘(iv) Improving the durability and ex-
tending the life of transportation infrastruc-
ture and the existing transportation system. 
‘‘(v) Preserving the environment. 
‘‘(vi) Reducing greenhouse gas emis-
sions.’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘Technology and’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Technology,’’; 
(II) by inserting ‘‘, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Transit Adminis-
tration,’’ after ‘‘Federal Highway Ad-
ministration’’; and 
(III) by striking ‘‘and other 
modal 
administrations 
as 
appro-
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priate’’ and inserting ‘‘and the Admin-
istrators of other operating adminis-
trations, as appropriate’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) FOCUSED RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS.—In 
awarding grants under this section, the Secretary 
shall consider how the program under this section ad-
vances research on the cybersecurity implications of 
technologies relating to connected vehicles, connected 
infrastructure, and automated vehicles.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this section,’’ 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) SELECTION
OF
GRANTS.—Not later 
than 1 year after the date of enactment of the 
INVEST in America Act,’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(B) LIMITATIONS.—A grant under this 
subsection may not include a cooperative agree-
ment described in section 6305 of title 31.’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘5 
consortia’’ and inserting ‘‘6 consortia’’; 
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(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘not 
greater than $4,000,000 and not less 
than $2,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘not 
greater than $4,250,000 and not less 
than $2,250,000’’; and 
(II) in clause (ii) by striking 
‘‘section 6503(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub-
section (b)(4)(A)’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘100 percent’’ and inserting ‘‘50 percent’’; 
and 
(iv) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(D) REQUIREMENT.—In awarding grants 
under this section, the Secretary shall award 1 
grant to a national consortia for each focus area 
described in subsection (b)(4)(A).’’; 
(C) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘not greater than $3,000,000 and not less 
than $1,500,000’’ and inserting ‘‘not greater 
than 
$3,250,000 
and 
not 
less 
than 
$1,750,000’’; 
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‘‘(i) 
IN
GENERAL.—In 
awarding 
grants under this section, the Secretary 
shall select not less than one grant recipient 
with each of the following focus areas: 
‘‘(I) Transit. 
‘‘(II) Connected and automated 
vehicle technology, including cybersecu-
rity implications of technologies relat-
ing to connected vehicles, connected in-
frastructure, and automated vehicle 
technology. 
‘‘(III) Non-motorized transpor-
tation, including bicycle and pedes-
trian safety. 
‘‘(IV) The surface transportation 
workforce, including— 
‘‘(aa) current and future 
workforce needs and challenges; 
and 
‘‘(bb) the impact of tech-
nology on the transportation sec-
tor. 
‘‘(V) Climate change mitigation, 
including— 
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‘‘(aa) researching the types of 
transportation projects that are 
expected to provide the most sig-
nificant greenhouse gas emissions 
reductions from the surface trans-
portation sector; and 
‘‘(bb) researching the types of 
transportation projects that are 
not expected to provide significant 
greenhouse gas emissions reduc-
tions from the surface transpor-
tation sector. 
‘‘(ii) ADDITIONAL GRANTS.—In award-
ing grants under this section and after 
awarding grants pursuant to clause (i), the 
Secretary may award any remaining 
grants to any grant recipient based on the 
criteria described in subsection (b)(4)(A).’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)(3) by striking ‘‘fiscal years 
2016 through 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2023 
through 2026’’; 
(4) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection 
(g); and 
(5) by inserting after subsection (e) the following: 
‘‘(f) SURPLUS AMOUNTS.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Amounts made available to 
the Secretary to carry out this section that remain 
unobligated after awarding grants under subsection 
(c) shall be made available under the unsolicited re-
search initiative under section 5506. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATION ON AMOUNTS.—Amounts under 
paragraph (1) shall not exceed $2,000,000 for any 
given fiscal year.’’. 
SEC. 5105. UNSOLICITED RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter I of chapter 55 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘§ 5506. Unsolicited research initiative 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall estab-
lish a program under which an eligible entity may at any 
time submit unsolicited research proposals for funding 
under this section. 
‘‘(b) CRITERIA.—A research proposal submitted under 
subsection (a) shall meet the purposes of the Secretary’s 5- 
year transportation research and development strategic 
plan described in section 6503(c)(1). 
‘‘(c) APPLICATIONS.—To receive funding under this 
section, eligible entities shall submit to the Secretary an ap-
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plication that is in such form and contains such informa-
tion as the Secretary may require. 
‘‘(d) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, 
the Secretary shall make available to the public on a public 
website a report on the progress and findings of the program 
established under subsection (a). 
‘‘(e) FEDERAL SHARE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Federal share of the cost 
of an activity carried out under this section may not 
exceed 50 percent. 
‘‘(2) NON-FEDERAL
SHARE.—All costs directly 
incurred by the non-Federal partners, including per-
sonnel, travel, facility, and hardware development 
costs, shall be credited toward the non-Federal share 
of the cost of an activity carried out under this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(f) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds made available 
to carry out the university transportation centers pro-
gram under section 5505, $2,000,000 shall be avail-
able for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2026 to 
carry out this section. 
‘‘(2) FUNDING FLEXIBILITY.— 
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‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—For fiscal years 2023 
through 2026, funds made available under para-
graph (1) shall remain available until expended. 
‘‘(B) UNCOMMITTED
FUNDS.—If the Sec-
retary determines, at the end of a fiscal year, 
funds under paragraph (1) remain unexpended 
as a result of a lack of meritorious projects under 
this section, the Secretary may, for the following 
fiscal year, make remaining funds available 
under either this section or under section 5505. 
‘‘(g) ELIGIBLE ENTITY DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘eligible entity’ means— 
‘‘(1) a State; 
‘‘(2) a unit of local government; 
‘‘(3) a transit agency; 
‘‘(4) any nonprofit institution of higher edu-
cation, including a university transportation center 
under section 5505; and 
‘‘(5) a nonprofit organization.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis for chapter 
55 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 5505 the following new 
item: 
‘‘5506. Unsolicited research initiative.’’. 
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SEC. 5106. NATIONAL COOPERATIVE MULTIMODAL FREIGHT 
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 702 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 70205. National cooperative multimodal freight 
transportation research program 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall estab-
lish and support a national cooperative multimodal freight 
transportation research program. 
‘‘(b) AGREEMENT.—Not later than 6 months after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall seek 
to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of 
Sciences to support and carry out administrative and man-
agement activities relating to the governance of the national 
cooperative multimodal freight transportation research pro-
gram. 
‘‘(c) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—In carrying out the 
agreement described in subsection (b), the National Acad-
emy of Sciences shall select a multimodal freight transpor-
tation 
research 
advisory 
committee 
consisting 
of 
multimodal freight stakeholders, including, at a min-
imum— 
‘‘(1) a representative of the Department of 
Transportation; 
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lished under this section shall include the following ele-
ments: 
‘‘(1) NATIONAL RESEARCH AGENDA.—The advi-
sory committee under subsection (c), in consultation 
with interested parties, shall recommend a national 
research agenda for the program established in this 
section. 
‘‘(2) INVOLVEMENT.—Interested parties may— 
‘‘(A) submit research proposals to the advi-
sory committee; 
‘‘(B) participate in merit reviews of re-
search proposals and peer reviews of research 
products; and 
‘‘(C) receive research results. 
‘‘(3) OPEN COMPETITION AND PEER REVIEW OF 
RESEARCH
PROPOSALS.—The National Academy of 
Sciences may award research contracts and grants 
under the program through open competition and 
merit review conducted on a regular basis. 
‘‘(4) EVALUATION OF RESEARCH.— 
‘‘(A) PEER
REVIEW.—Research contracts 
and grants under the program may allow peer 
review of the research results. 
‘‘(B) PROGRAMMATIC
EVALUATIONS.—The 
National Academy of Sciences shall conduct 
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periodic programmatic evaluations on a regular 
basis of research contracts and grants. 
‘‘(5) DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH FINDINGS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The National Academy 
of Sciences shall disseminate research findings to 
researchers, practitioners, and decisionmakers, 
through conferences and seminars, field dem-
onstrations, workshops, training programs, pres-
entations, testimony to government officials, a 
public website for the National Academy of 
Sciences, publications for the general public, and 
other appropriate means. 
‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not more than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this section, and 
annually thereafter, the Secretary shall make 
available on a public website a report that de-
scribes the ongoing research and findings of the 
program. 
‘‘(e) CONTENTS.—The national research agenda under 
subsection (d)(1) shall include— 
‘‘(1) techniques and tools for estimating and 
identifying both quantitative and qualitative public 
benefits derived from multimodal freight transpor-
tation projects, including— 
‘‘(A) greenhouse gas emissions reduction; 
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‘‘(B) congestion reduction; and 
‘‘(C) safety benefits; 
‘‘(2) the impact of freight delivery vehicles, in-
cluding trucks, railcars, and non-motorized vehicles, 
on congestion in urban and rural areas; 
‘‘(3) the impact of both centralized and disparate 
origins and destinations on freight movement; 
‘‘(4) the impacts of increasing freight volumes on 
transportation planning, including— 
‘‘(A) first-mile and last-mile challenges to 
multimodal freight movement; 
‘‘(B) multimodal freight travel in both 
urban and rural areas; and 
‘‘(C) commercial motor vehicle parking and 
rest areas; 
‘‘(5) the effects of Internet commerce and acceler-
ated delivery speeds on freight movement and in-
creased commercial motor vehicle volume, including 
impacts on— 
‘‘(A) safety on public roads; 
‘‘(B) congestion in both urban and rural 
areas; 
‘‘(C) first-mile and last-mile challenges and 
opportunities; 
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‘‘(D) the environmental impact of freight 
transportation, including on air quality and on 
greenhouse gas emissions; and 
‘‘(E) vehicle miles-traveled by freight-deliv-
ering vehicles; 
‘‘(6) the impacts of technological advancements 
in freight movement, including impacts on— 
‘‘(A) congestion in both urban and rural 
areas; 
‘‘(B) first-mile and last-mile challenges and 
opportunities; and 
‘‘(C) vehicle miles-traveled; 
‘‘(7) methods and best practices for aligning 
multimodal 
infrastructure 
improvements 
with 
multimodal freight transportation demand, including 
improvements to the National Multimodal Freight 
Network under section 70103; and 
‘‘(8) other research areas to identify and address 
current, emerging, and future needs related to 
multimodal freight transportation. 
‘‘(f) FUNDING.— 
‘‘(1) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of the 
cost of an activity carried out under this section shall 
be 100 percent. 
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‘‘(2) PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY.—Amounts made 
available to carry out this section shall remain avail-
able until expended. 
‘‘(g) DEFINITION OF GREENHOUSE GAS.—In this sec-
tion, the term ‘greenhouse gas’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 211(o)(1) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
7545(o)(1)).’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis for chapter 
702 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item: 
‘‘70205. National cooperative multimodal freight transportation research pro-
gram.’’. 
SEC. 5107. WILDLIFE-VEHICLE COLLISION REDUCTION AND 
HABITAT CONNECTIVITY IMPROVEMENT. 
(a) STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Transpor-
tation shall conduct a study examining methods to re-
duce collisions between motorists and wildlife (re-
ferred to in this section as ‘‘wildlife-vehicle colli-
sions’’). 
(2) CONTENTS.— 
(A) AREAS OF STUDY.—The study required 
under paragraph (1) shall— 
(i) update and expand on, as appro-
priate— 
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(I) the report titled ‘‘Wildlife Ve-
hicle Collision Reduction Study: 2008 
Report to Congress’’: and 
(II) the document titled ‘‘Wildlife 
Vehicle Collision Reduction Study: 
Best Practices Manual’’ and dated Oc-
tober 2008; and 
(ii) include— 
(I) an assessment, as of the date 
of the study, of— 
(aa) the causes of wildlife-ve-
hicle collisions; 
(bb) the impact of wildlife-ve-
hicle collisions on motorists and 
wildlife; and 
(cc) the impacts of roads and 
traffic on habitat connectivity for 
terrestrial and aquatic species; 
and 
(II) solutions and best practices 
for— 
(aa) reducing wildlife-vehicle 
collisions; and 
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(bb) 
improving 
habitat 
connectivity for terrestrial and 
aquatic species. 
(B) METHODS.—In carrying out the study 
required under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall— 
(i) conduct a thorough review of re-
search and data relating to— 
(I) wildlife-vehicle collisions; and 
(II) habitat fragmentation that 
results from transportation infrastruc-
ture; 
(ii) survey current practices of the De-
partment of Transportation and State de-
partments of transportation to reduce wild-
life-vehicle collisions; and 
(iii) consult with— 
(I) appropriate experts in the 
field of wildlife-vehicle collisions; and 
(II) appropriate experts on the ef-
fects of roads and traffic on habitat 
connectivity for terrestrial and aquatic 
species. 
(3) REPORT.— 
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(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 18 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
on the results of the study required under para-
graph (1). 
(B) CONTENTS.—The report required under 
subparagraph (A) shall include— 
(i) a description of— 
(I) the causes of wildlife-vehicle 
collisions; 
(II) the impacts of wildlife-vehicle 
collisions; and 
(III) the impacts of roads and 
traffic on— 
(aa) species listed as threat-
ened species or endangered species 
under the Endangered Species Act 
of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); 
(bb) species identified by 
States as species of greatest con-
servation need; 
(cc) 
species 
identified 
in 
State wildlife plans; and 
(dd) medium and small ter-
restrial and aquatic species; 
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(ii) an economic evaluation of the costs 
and benefits of installing highway infra-
structure and other measures to mitigate 
damage to terrestrial and aquatic species, 
including the effect on jobs, property values, 
and economic growth to society, adjacent 
communities, and landowners; 
(iii) recommendations for preventing 
wildlife-vehicle collisions, including rec-
ommended best practices, funding resources, 
or other recommendations for addressing 
wildlife-vehicle collisions; and 
(iv) guidance to develop, for each State 
that agrees to participate, a voluntary joint 
statewide transportation and wildlife action 
plan. 
(C) PURPOSES.—The purpose of the guid-
ance described in subparagraph (B)(iv) shall 
be— 
(i) to address wildlife-vehicle collisions; 
and 
(ii) to improve habitat connectivity for 
terrestrial and aquatic species. 
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(D) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall 
develop the guidance described under subpara-
graph (B)(iv) in consultation with— 
(i) Federal land management agencies; 
(ii) State departments of transpor-
tation; 
(iii) State fish and wildlife agencies; 
and 
(iv) Tribal governments. 
(b) STANDARDIZATION OF WILDLIFE COLLISION AND 
CARCASS DATA.— 
(1) STANDARDIZATION METHODOLOGY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Trans-
portation, acting through the Administrator of 
the Federal Highway Administration, shall de-
velop a quality standardized methodology for col-
lecting and reporting spatially accurate wildlife 
collision and carcass data for the National High-
way System, taking into consideration the prac-
ticability of the methodology with respect to tech-
nology and cost. 
(B) METHODOLOGY.—In developing the 
standardized methodology under subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary shall— 
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(i) survey existing methodologies and 
sources of data collection, including the Fa-
tality Analysis Reporting System, the Gen-
eral Estimates System of the National Auto-
motive Sampling System, and the Highway 
Safety Information System; and 
(ii) to the extent practicable, identify 
and correct limitations of such existing 
methodologies and sources of data collection. 
(C) CONSULTATION.—In developing the 
standardized methodology under subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary shall consult with— 
(i) the Secretary of the Interior; 
(ii) the Secretary of Agriculture, acting 
through the Chief of the Forest Service; 
(iii) Tribal, State, and local transpor-
tation and wildlife authorities; 
(iv) metropolitan planning organiza-
tions (as such term is defined in section 
134(b) of title 23, United States Code); 
(v) members of the American Associa-
tion of State Highway and Transportation 
Officials; 
(vi) members of the Association of Fish 
and Wildlife Agencies; 
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(vii) experts in the field of wildlife-ve-
hicle collisions; 
(viii) nongovernmental organizations; 
and 
(ix) other interested stakeholders, as 
appropriate. 
(2) STANDARDIZED
NATIONAL
DATA
SYSTEM 
WITH VOLUNTARY TEMPLATE IMPLEMENTATION.—The 
Secretary shall— 
(A) develop a template for State implemen-
tation of a standardized national wildlife colli-
sion and carcass data system for the National 
Highway System that is based on the standard-
ized methodology developed under paragraph (1); 
and 
(B) encourage the voluntary implementa-
tion of the template developed under subpara-
graph (A) for States, metropolitan planning or-
ganizations, and additional relevant transpor-
tation stakeholders. 
(3) REPORTS.— 
(A) METHODOLOGY.—The Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report describing the devel-
opment of the standardized methodology required 
under paragraph (1) not later than— 
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(i) the date that is 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act; and 
(ii) the date that is 180 days after the 
date on which the Secretary completes the 
development of such standardized method-
ology. 
(B) IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later than 3 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report de-
scribing— 
(i) the status of the voluntary imple-
mentation of the standardized methodology 
developed under paragraph (1) and the tem-
plate developed under paragraph (2)(A); 
(ii) whether the implementation of the 
standardized methodology developed under 
paragraph (1) and the template developed 
under paragraph (2)(A) has impacted ef-
forts by States, units of local government, 
and other entities— 
(I) to reduce the number of wild-
life-vehicle collisions; and 
(II) 
to 
improve 
habitat 
connectivity; 
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