foreign governments have a moral responsibility to 
comply with the principles of the Universal Declara-
tion of Human Rights. 
(12) Technology companies in the United States 
have succumbed to pressure by authoritarian foreign 
governments to provide such governments with infor-
mation about Internet users that has led to the arrest 
and imprisonment of ‘‘cyber dissidents’’, in violation 
of the corporate responsibility of such companies to 
protect and uphold human rights. 
(13) Technology companies in the United States 
have provided technology and training to authori-
tarian foreign governments which have been used by 
such governments in filtering and blocking informa-
tion that promotes democracy and freedom. 
(14) Technology companies in the United States 
should develop standards by which they can conduct 
business with authoritarian foreign governments 
while protecting human rights to freedom of speech 
and freedom of expression. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the 
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term 
‘‘appropriate 
congressional 
committees’’ 
means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate. 
(2) FOREIGN OFFICIAL.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘foreign offi-
cial’’ means— 
(i) any officer or employee of a foreign 
government or any department, agency, 
state-owned enterprise, or instrumentality 
thereof; or 
(ii) any person acting in an official 
capacity for or on behalf of any such gov-
ernment or department, agency, state-owned 
enterprise, or instrumentality. 
(B) STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE.—For pur-
poses of subparagraph (A), the term ‘‘state-owned 
enterprise’’ means a commercial entity in which 
a foreign government owns, directly or indi-
rectly, more than 50 percent of the outstanding 
capital stock or other beneficial interest in such 
commercial entity. 
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(3) INTERNET.—The term ‘‘Internet’’ means the 
combination of computer facilities, telecommuni-
cations facilities, electromagnetic transmission media, 
and related equipment and software, comprising the 
interconnected worldwide network of computer net-
works that employ the Transmission Control Protocol/ 
Internet Protocol or any successor protocol to trans-
mit information. 
(4) INTERNET CONTENT HOSTING SERVICE.—The 
terms ‘‘Internet content hosting service’’ and ‘‘content 
hosting service’’ mean a service that— 
(A) stores, through electromagnetic or other 
means, electronic data, including the content of 
Web pages, electronic mail, documents, images, 
audio and video files, online discussion boards, 
and Web logs; and 
(B) makes such data available via the Inter-
net. 
(5) INTERNET
JAMMING.—The term ‘‘Internet 
jamming’’ means jamming, censoring, blocking, moni-
toring, or restricting access to the Internet, or to con-
tent made available via the Internet, by using tech-
nologies such as firewalls, filters, and ‘‘black boxes’’. 
(6) 
INTERNET-RESTRICTING
COUNTRY.—The 
term ‘‘Internet-restricting country’’ means a country 
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designated by the President pursuant to section 
105(a) of this Act. 
(7) INTERNET
SEARCH
ENGINE.—The term 
‘‘Internet search engine’’ or ‘‘search engine’’ means a 
service made available via the Internet that, on the 
basis of query consisting of terms, concepts, questions, 
or other data input by a user, searches information 
available on the Internet and returns to the user a 
means, such as a hyperlinked list of Uniform Re-
source 
Identifiers, 
of 
locating, 
viewing, 
or 
downloading information or data available on the 
Internet relating to that query. 
(8) LEGITIMATE
FOREIGN
LAW
ENFORCEMENT 
PURPOSES.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘‘legitimate 
foreign law enforcement purposes’’ means for 
purposes of enforcement, investigation, or pros-
ecution by a foreign official based on a publicly 
promulgated law of reasonable specificity that 
proximately relates to the protection or pro-
motion of the health, safety, or morals of the citi-
zens of that jurisdiction. 
(B) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION.—For pur-
poses of this Act, the control, suppression, or 
punishment of peaceful expression of political or 
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religious opinion, which is protected by Article 
19 of the International Covenant on Civil and 
Political Rights, does not constitute a legitimate 
foreign law enforcement purpose. 
(9) PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION.— 
The term ‘‘personally identifiable information’’— 
(A) includes any information described in 
section 2703(c)(2) of title 18, United States 
Code; and 
(B) does not include— 
(i) any traffic data (as such term is 
defined in section 201(b) of this Act); or 
(ii) any record of aggregate data that 
does not identify particular persons. 
(10) SUBSTANTIAL RESTRICTIONS ON INTERNET 
FREEDOM.—The term ‘‘substantial restrictions on 
Internet freedom’’ means actions that restrict or pun-
ish the free availability of information via the Inter-
net for reasons other than legitimate foreign law en-
forcement purposes, including— 
(A) deliberately blocking, filtering, or cen-
soring information available via the Internet 
based on its peaceful political or religious con-
tent; or 
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