H. R. 1735—353 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa-
tives. 
SEC. 1277. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EUROPEAN DEFENSE AND THE 
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) it is in the national security and fiscal interests of 
the United States that prompt efforts should be undertaken 
by North Atlantic Treaty Organization allies to meet defense 
budget commitments made in Declaration 14 of the Wales 
Summit Declaration of September 2014; 
(2) thoughtful and coordinated defense investments by 
European allies in military capabilities would add deterrence 
value to the posture of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
against Russian aggression and terrorist organizations and 
more appropriately balance the share of Atlantic defense 
spending; 
(3) the United States Government should continue to sup-
port the open-door policy of the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion, declared at the 2014 Summit in Wales that ‘‘NATO’s 
open-door will remain open to all European democracies which 
share the values of our Alliance, which are willing and able 
to assume the responsibilities and obligations of membership, 
which are in a position to further the principles of the Treaty, 
and whose inclusion will contribute to the security of the North 
Atlantic area’’; and 
(4) the United States Government should— 
(A) continue to work with aspirant countries to prepare 
such countries for entry into the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization; 
(B) work with the Republic of Kosovo to prepare the 
country for entrance into the Partnership for Peace (PfP) 
program; 
(C) continue supporting a Membership Action Plan 
(MAP) for Georgia; 
(D) encourage leaders of Macedonia and Greece to find 
a mutually agreeable solution to the name dispute between 
the two countries; and 
(E) support North Atlantic Treaty Organization mem-
bership for Montenegro. 
SEC. 1278. BRIEFING ON THE SALE OF CERTAIN FIGHTER AIRCRAFT 
TO QATAR. 
(a) BRIEFING REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, shall, 
in consultation with the Secretary of State, provide the appropriate 
committees of Congress a briefing on the risks and benefits of 
the sale of fighter aircraft to Qatar pursuant to the July 2013 
Letter of Request from the Government of Qatar. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The briefing required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following elements: 
(1) A description of the assumptions regarding the increase 
to Qatar air force capabilities as a result of the sale described 
in subsection (a). 
(2) A description of the assumptions regarding the impact 
of the items sold to Qatar pursuant to the sale on the preserva-
tion by Israel of a qualitative military edge.
H. R. 1735—354 
(3) An estimated timeline for final adjudication of the deci-
sion to approve the sale. 
(c) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1279. UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ANTI-TUNNEL COOPERATION. 
(a) AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH ANTI-TUNNEL CAPABILITIES PRO-
GRAM WITH ISRAEL.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, upon request 
of the Ministry of Defense of Israel and in consultation with 
the Secretary of State and the Director of National Intelligence, 
is authorized to carry out research, development, test, and 
evaluation, on a joint basis with Israel, to establish anti-tunnel 
capabilities to detect, map, and neutralize underground tunnels 
that threaten the United States or Israel. Any activities carried 
out pursuant to such authority shall be conducted in a manner 
that appropriately protects sensitive information and United 
States and Israel national security interests. 
(2) REPORT.—The activities described in paragraph (1) and 
subsection (b) may be carried out after the Secretary of Defense 
submits to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
setting forth the following: 
(A) A memorandum of agreement between the United 
States and Israel regarding sharing of research and 
development costs for the capabilities described in para-
graph (1), and any supporting documents. 
(B) A certification that the memorandum of agree-
ment— 
(i) requires sharing of costs of projects, including 
in-kind support, between the United States and Israel; 
(ii) establishes a framework to negotiate the rights 
to any intellectual property developed under the memo-
randum of agreement; and 
(iii) requires the United States Government to 
receive semiannual reports on expenditure of funds, 
if any, by the Government of Israel, including a descrip-
tion of what the funds have been used for, when funds 
were expended, and an identification of entities that 
expended the funds. 
(b) SUPPORT IN CONNECTION WITH PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense is authorized 
to provide maintenance and sustainment support to Israel for 
the anti-tunnel capabilities research, development, test, and 
evaluation activities authorized in subsection (a)(1). Such 
authority includes authority to install equipment necessary 
to carry out such research, development, test, and evaluation. 
(2) REPORT.—Support may not be provided under para-
graph (1) until 15 days after the Secretary submits to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report setting forth a 
detailed description of the support to be provided. 
(3) MATCHING CONTRIBUTION.—Support may not be pro-
vided under this subsection unless the Government of Israel 
contributes an amount not less than the amount of support
H. R. 1735—355 
to be so provided to the program, project, or activity for which 
the support is to be so provided. 
(4) ANNUAL LIMITATION ON AMOUNT.—The amount of sup-
port provided under this subsection in any year may not exceed 
$25,000,000. 
(c) LEAD AGENCY.—The Secretary of Defense shall designate 
an appropriate research and development entity of a military 
department as the lead agency of the Department of Defense in 
carrying out this section. 
(d) SEMIANNUAL REPORTS.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress on a semiannual 
basis a report that contains a copy of the most recent semiannual 
report provided by the Government of Israel to the Department 
of Defense pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(B)(iii). 
(e) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Select Committee on 
Intelligence of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland Security, the Com-
mittee on Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Committee 
on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 
(f) SUNSET.—The authority in this section to carry out activities 
described in subsection (a), and to provide support described in 
subsection (b), shall expire on December 31, 2018. 
SEC. 1280. NATO SPECIAL OPERATIONS HEADQUARTERS. 
Section 1244(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 2541), as most 
recently amended by section 1272(a) of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112–239; 126 
Stat. 2023), is further amended by striking ‘‘each of fiscal years 
2013, 2014, and 2015’’ and inserting ‘‘each of fiscal years 2013 
through 2020’’. 
SEC. 1281. INCREASED PRESENCE OF UNITED STATES GROUND 
FORCES IN EASTERN EUROPE TO DETER AGGRESSION 
ON THE BORDER OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 
ORGANIZATION. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, submit to the appropriate committees 
of Congress a report setting forth an assessment of options for 
expanding the presence of United States ground forces of the size 
of a Brigade Combat Team in Eastern Europe to respond, along 
with European allies and partners, to the security challenges posed 
by Russia and increase the combat capability of forces able to 
respond to unconventional or hybrid warfare tactics such as those 
used by the Russian Federation in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report under this section shall include 
the following: 
(1) An evaluation of the optimal location or locations of 
the enhanced ground force presence described in subsection 
(a) that considers such factors as— 
(A) proximity, suitability, and availability of maneuver 
and gunnery training areas;
H. R. 1735—356 
(B) transportation capabilities; 
(C) availability of facilities, including for potential 
equipment storage and prepositioning; 
(D) ability to conduct multinational training and exer-
cises; 
(E) a site or sites for prepositioning of equipment, 
a rotational presence or permanent presence of troops, 
or a combination of options; and 
(F) costs. 
(2) A description of any initiatives by other members of 
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or other European 
allies and partners, for enhancing force presence on a perma-
nent or rotational basis in Eastern Europe to match or exceed 
the potential increased presence of United States ground forces 
in the region. 
(c) ADDITIONAL ELEMENT ON REDUCTION IN TROOP LEVELS OR 
MATERIEL.—In addition to the matters specified in subsection (b), 
the report under this section shall also include an assessment 
of any impacts on United States national security interests in 
Europe of any proposed Brigade-sized or other significant reduction 
in United States troop levels or materiel in Europe. 
(d) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Foreign Relations, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives. 
TITLE XIII—COOPERATIVE THREAT 
REDUCTION 
Sec. 1301. Specification of Cooperative Threat Reduction funds. 
Sec. 1302. Funding allocations. 
SEC. 1301. SPECIFICATION OF COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION 
FUNDS. 
(a) FISCAL YEAR 2016 COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION FUNDS 
DEFINED.—In this title, the term ‘‘fiscal year 2016 Cooperative 
Threat Reduction funds’’ means the funds appropriated pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations in section 301 and made 
available by the funding table in section 4301 for the Department 
of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction Program established 
under section 1321 of the Department of Defense Cooperative 
Threat Reduction Act (50 U.S.C. 3711). 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Funds appropriated pursuant to 
the authorization of appropriations in section 301 and made avail-
able by the funding table in section 4301 for the Department 
of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction Program shall be available 
for obligation for fiscal years 2016, 2017, and 2018. 
SEC. 1302. FUNDING ALLOCATIONS. 
Of the $358,496,000 authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Defense for fiscal year 2016 in section 301 and 
made available by the funding table in section 4301 for the Depart-
ment of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction Program established