I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2092 
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to provide assistance for 
developing countries to promote quality basic education and to establish 
the achievement of universal basic education in all developing countries 
as an objective of United States foreign assistance policy, and for other 
purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 1, 2007 
Mrs. LOWEY (for herself and Mr. BACHUS) introduced the following bill; which 
was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
A BILL 
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to provide 
assistance for developing countries to promote quality 
basic education and to establish the achievement of uni-
versal basic education in all developing countries as an 
objective of United States foreign assistance policy, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Education for All Act 
of 2007’’. 
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SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) Throughout the world, an alarming number 
of children are not receiving primary education. At 
least 77 million children of primary school age are 
not in school and 3⁄5 of such children are girls. 
Worldwide, half of school-age children who start pri-
mary school drop out. Hundreds of millions more 
children are denied a secondary school education. 
(2) Of the approximately 77 million children of 
primary school age who are not in school, more than 
half live in countries that are considered fragile or 
have been affected by conflict and 50 percent live in 
Africa. A significant number of such children have 
been orphaned or otherwise negatively affected by 
HIV/AIDS. Other such children have been victims of 
child labor or human trafficking. Without access to 
education, such children will not have the skills to 
contribute to reconstruction and stabilization of 
their countries. 
(3) The final report of the National Commis-
sion on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States 
(hereafter in this section referred to as the ‘‘Re-
port’’) concluded that education that teaches toler-
ance, the dignity and value of each individual, and 
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respect for different beliefs must be a key element 
in any global strategy to eliminate terrorism. 
(4) Extending the vision of educational oppor-
tunity described in the Report to all developing 
countries, including countries affected by armed con-
flict, is critical to achieve the United Nations Millen-
nium Development Goals and prevent the rise of vio-
lent extremism worldwide. 
(5) The Report concluded that the United 
States Government must offer an example of moral 
leadership in the world and offer parents and their 
children a vision of the future that emphasizes indi-
vidual educational and economic opportunity. 
(6) At the World Education Forum held in 
Dakar, Senegal in 2000, the United States joined 
more than 180 other countries in committing to the 
goal of universal basic education by 2015. Universal 
completion of primary school and eliminating gender 
disparity in all levels of education not later than 
2015 are part of the United Nations Millennium De-
velopment Goals. Currently, at least 70 countries are 
unlikely to achieve the goal of 100 percent of chil-
dren completing primary school by not later than 
2015. 
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(7) The Report noted that the United Nations 
has rightly equated ‘‘literacy as freedom’’ and that 
the international community is moving toward set-
ting a goal of reducing by half the illiteracy rate in 
the Middle East by 2010, through the implementa-
tion of education programs targeting women and 
girls and supporting programs for adult literacy. 
(8) The Report concluded that ensuring edu-
cational opportunity is essential to the efforts of the 
United States to defeat global terrorism and rec-
ommended that the United States Government 
‘‘should offer to join with other nations in gener-
ously supporting [spending funds] . . . directly on 
building and operating primary and secondary 
schools in those Muslim states that commit to sen-
sibly investing financial resources in public edu-
cation’’. 
(9) Basic education has been demonstrated to 
be fundamental to development. No country has 
reached sustained economic growth without achiev-
ing near universal primary education. Education re-
duces poverty and inequality, and lays the founda-
tion for sound governance, civic participation, and 
strong institutions. 
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(10) Investing in girls’ education delivers sub-
stantial returns not only in educational attainment 
but also in increasing women’s incomes, delaying the 
start of sexual activity, reducing infant mortality, in-
creasing women’s political participation, and spur-
ring economic growth. 
(11) Education helps to protect children in con-
flict situations from physical harm, exploitation, and 
sexual abuse, as well as to avoid the recruitment of 
children into armed groups, and to promote good 
governance and poverty reduction. 
(12) According to progress reports from the 
Education for All Fast-Track Initiative, since the 
World Education Forum was held in 2000, the num-
ber of children out of school has decreased at an av-
erage rate of 4 million children per year. Despite 
this progress, the goal of achieving universal basic 
education by 2015 will not be met unless the num-
ber of children out of school decreases at an average 
rate of approximately 7 million children per year. 
(13) Credible estimates indicate that at least an 
additional $7 billion to $10 billion per year of exter-
nal development assistance is necessary for devel-
oping countries to achieve universal basic education 
by 2015. 
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SEC. 3. ASSISTANCE TO ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL BASIC EDU-
CATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amend-
ed by inserting after section 105 the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 105A. ASSISTANCE TO ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL BASIC 
EDUCATION. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 
ensure that the United States provides the resources and 
leadership to ensure a successful international effort to 
provide all children with a quality basic education in order 
to achieve the goal of universal basic education by 2015 
agreed to at the World Education Forum held in Dakar, 
Senegal in 2000. 
‘‘(b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 
to work with foreign countries and international and civil 
society organizations to increase the global commitment 
to achieving universal basic education— 
‘‘(1) to assist developing countries to provide all 
children with a quality basic education; and 
‘‘(2) to assist nongovernmental and multilateral 
organizations working in developing countries to pro-
vide all children with a quality basic education. 
‘‘(c) PRINCIPLES.—In developing the global commit-
ment referred to in subsection (b), the policy of the United 
States shall be guided by the following principles: 
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‘‘(1) UNITED STATES RESOURCES.—To lead a 
global commitment to achieving universal basic edu-
cation in developing countries, including in devel-
oping countries affected by armed conflict, emerging 
from armed conflict, or affected by humanitarian 
crises, the United States shall commit substantial 
new resources for education in developing countries 
to expand access to educational opportunity and in-
spire confidence in such countries that efforts to re-
form education in such countries will receive ade-
quate resources. 
‘‘(2) OTHER
MAJOR
DONORS.—The United 
States Government shall encourage other donors to 
contribute commensurate amounts to support such a 
global commitment. 
‘‘(3) 
PRIVATE
SECTOR
AND
NONGOVERN-
MENTAL
PARTICIPATION
AND
CONTRIBUTIONS.— 
United States efforts in leading such a global com-
mitment shall include explicit strategies to encourage 
and integrate contributions of strategic direction and 
financial resources from indigenous and inter-
national private sector and civil society organizations 
interested in supporting quality universal basic edu-
cation efforts. 
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‘‘(4) SCHOOL ACCESS, QUALITY, AND COMPLE-
TION.—United States assistance for basic education 
in developing countries shall seek to expand access 
to school for all children, including children in devel-
oping countries that are affected by armed conflict, 
emerging from armed conflict, or affected by human-
itarian crises, and to improve the quality of edu-
cation in order to increase the number of children 
completing a basic education. 
‘‘(5) COORDINATION
WITHIN
THE
UNITED 
STATES GOVERNMENT.—The United States Govern-
ment shall establish a comprehensive strategy to im-
prove coordination and collaboration among all de-
partments and agencies of the United States Gov-
ernment involved in providing assistance for basic 
education to developing countries to ensure efficient 
and effective use of the resources of the United 
States. The comprehensive strategy shall recognize 
the importance of providing assistance for basic edu-
cation, including the importance of providing such 
assistance in humanitarian and other emergency sit-
uations and the importance in providing such assist-
ance as a component of development assistance. The 
comprehensive strategy shall ensure the provision of 
assistance for basic education throughout the transi-
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tion from emergency situations to reconstruction and 
development. 
‘‘(6) COORDINATION BETWEEN EDUCATION AND 
HIV/AIDS PREVENTION EFFORTS.—United States as-
sistance shall support efforts to improve coordina-
tion between global health and education initiatives 
in United States Government programs and inter-
nationally to reduce the adverse impact of HIV/ 
AIDS on education systems, teacher workforce, and 
orphans and other vulnerable children in developing 
countries. 
‘‘(7) COORDINATION
WITH
NATIONAL
EDU-
CATION PLANS.—United States assistance for basic 
education in developing countries shall be provided 
in collaboration and coordination with the national 
education plans of such countries to the maximum 
extent practicable. 
‘‘(8) INTEGRATION
OF
EDUCATION
PLANS 
WITHIN
OVERALL
NATIONAL
ECONOMIC
STRATE-
GIES.—United States policies and programs shall 
encourage developing countries to ensure that efforts 
are developed within an overall strategy of economic 
and market reforms to reduce poverty and spur sus-
tained economic growth. 
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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‘‘(1) AIDS.—The term ‘AIDS’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 104A(g). 
‘‘(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’ means— 
‘‘(A) the Committee on Appropriations and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Appropriations and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives. 
‘‘(3) BASIC EDUCATION.—The term ‘basic edu-
cation’— 
‘‘(A) means an education, generally con-
sisting of completion of 9–10 years of schooling, 
including efforts to improve early childhood de-
velopment, primary education, secondary edu-
cation, literacy and numeracy training, and life 
skills training; and 
‘‘(B) includes efforts to facilitate and sup-
port the activities described in subparagraph 
(A), including efforts to— 
‘‘(i) build the institutional capacity of 
a country to manage basic education sys-
tems and measure results; 
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‘‘(ii) 
construct 
and 
rehabilitate 
schools; 
‘‘(iii) train teachers; 
‘‘(iv) increase parent and community 
involvement in schools; 
‘‘(v) provide learning materials; and 
‘‘(vi) develop curricula. 
‘‘(4) EDUCATION FOR ALL FAST-TRACK INITIA-
TIVE.—The term ‘Education for All Fast-Track Ini-
tiative’ means the Fast-Track Initiative launched in 
2002 to mobilize donor resources and accelerate 
progress toward the achievement of the United Na-
tions Millennium Development Goal of Education for 
All by 2015, an international commitment to bring 
the benefits of basic education to every individual. 
‘‘(5) HIV.—The term ‘HIV’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 104A(g). 
‘‘(6) HIV/AIDS.—The term ‘HIV/AIDS’ has 
the meaning given that term in section 104A(g). 
‘‘(7) MEMBER
STATES
OF
THE
GROUP
OF 
EIGHT.—The term ‘member states of the Group of 
Eight’ means the countries of Canada, France, Ger-
many, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, 
and the United States. 
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‘‘(8) NATIONAL EDUCATION PLAN.—The term 
‘national education plan’ means a comprehensive na-
tional education plan that— 
‘‘(A) is developed in accordance with the 
provisions of the Education For All Fast-Track 
Initiative; and 
‘‘(B) includes explicit, credible strategies to 
achieve universal basic education, including 
strategies to— 
‘‘(i) address key constraints to achiev-
ing universal basic education in the areas 
of policy, data, capacity, and financing; 
and 
‘‘(ii) coordinate priorities of basic edu-
cation with priorities for early childhood 
development, secondary education, higher 
education, and non-formal education. 
‘‘(9) PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT.—The term ‘psy-
chosocial support’ has the meaning given that term 
in section 135. 
‘‘(10) RELEVANT
EXECUTIVE
BRANCH
AGEN-
CIES AND OFFICIALS.—The term ‘relevant executive 
branch agencies and officials’ means— 
‘‘(A) the Department of State, the United 
States Agency for International Development, 
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the Department of the Treasury, the Depart-
ment of Labor, the Department of Education, 
the Department of Health and Human Services, 
the Department of Agriculture, and the Depart-
ment of Defense; 
‘‘(B) the Chief Executive Officer of the 
Millennium Challenge Corporation, the Coordi-
nator of United States Government Activities to 
Combat HIV/AIDS Globally, the National Secu-
rity Advisor, and the National Economic Advi-
sor; and 
‘‘(C) any other department, agency, or offi-
cial of the United States Government that par-
ticipates in activities to promote universal basic 
education pursuant to the authorities of such 
department, agency, or official or pursuant to 
this Act. 
‘‘(e) DEVELOPMENT
AND IMPLEMENTATION
OF
A 
COMPREHENSIVE UNITED STATES STRATEGY ON EDU-
CATION FOR ALL.— 
‘‘(1) STRATEGY
REQUIRED.—The President 
shall develop a comprehensive integrated strategy of 
the United States to promote universal basic edu-
cation by 2015. 
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‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by 
subsection (a) shall— 
‘‘(A) include specific objectives, indicators, 
including indicators to measure learning out-
comes, and approaches to increase access and 
quality of basic education in developing coun-
tries; 
‘‘(B) outline how the United States Gov-
ernment will ensure a transition and continuity 
of educational activities in countries affected by 
armed conflict, emerging from armed conflict, 
and affected by humanitarian crises; 
‘‘(C) assign priorities to relevant executive 
branch agencies and officials; 
‘‘(D) improve coordination and reduce du-
plication among relevant executive branch agen-
cies and officials, foreign donor governments, 
and international organizations; 
‘‘(E) project general levels of resources 
needed to achieve the stated objectives; 
‘‘(F) expand public-private partnerships 
and the leveraging of resources; 
‘‘(G) target the activities of the United 
States to leverage contributions from member 
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states of the Group of Eight and other donors 
to provide universal basic education; 
‘‘(H) target the assistance provided by the 
United States to leverage contributions from 
the private sector and civil society organizations 
to achieve universal basic education; 
‘‘(I) increase efforts of the United States 
to coordinate with other donors to reduce ineffi-
ciency and waste at the global and country lev-
els and ensure efficient coordination among rel-
evant executive branch agencies and officials; 
‘‘(J) support efforts of the United States 
in helping children to overcome challenges to 
achieving universal basic education, including 
strategies to target hard-to-reach populations, 
including those impacted by AIDS, orphans, 
and other vulnerable populations, and to sup-
port efforts to reduce the adverse impact of 
HIV/AIDS on education systems; and 
‘‘(K) maximize United States capabilities 
in the areas of technical assistance and train-
ing. 
‘‘(3) REQUIREMENT
TO
CONSULT.—In devel-
oping the strategy required by subsection (a), the 
President shall consult with— 
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‘‘(A) relevant executive branch agencies 
and officials; and 
‘‘(B) nongovernmental organizations and 
individuals who are involved in the promotion 
and implementation of education assistance pro-
grams in developing countries. 
‘‘(4) PUBLIC COMMENT.—The President shall 
provide an opportunity for public comment on the 
strategy required by subsection (a). 
‘‘(5) ANNUAL
REPORT.—Not later than 270 
days after the date of the enactment of the Edu-
cation for All Act of 2007, the President shall trans-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report setting forth the strategy required by sub-
section (a) and make the report available to the pub-
lic. 
‘‘(f) ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT NA-
TIONAL EDUCATION PLANS.— 
‘‘(1) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The President 
is authorized to provide funds and other assistance 
to assist foreign countries described in paragraph 
(2) to create the policies, processes, and infrastruc-
ture to develop and implement national education 
plans to allow all children of such countries to access 
and complete basic education. 
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‘‘(2) FOREIGN
COUNTRIES
DESCRIBED.—The 
foreign countries described in this paragraph are— 
‘‘(A) foreign countries that have dem-
onstrated a strong commitment to delivering 
universal basic education, as evidenced by the 
establishment of a national education plan or 
the willingness to develop a national education 
plan; and 
‘‘(B) foreign countries that have not dem-
onstrated a strong commitment to delivering 
universal basic education, as evidenced by the 
failure to establish a national education plan 
and the lack of opportunity or capacity to work 
with a committed national government. 
‘‘(3) PRIORITY AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(A) PRIORITY.—In providing assistance 
under this subsection, the President shall give 
priority to foreign countries in which there is 
the greatest need, as evidenced in part by the 
percentage of children out of school, in which 
there is the greatest opportunity to expand uni-
versal access and to improve the quality of basic 
education, and in which the assistance can 
produce a substantial, measurable impact on 
children and educational systems. 
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‘‘(B) REQUIREMENT RELATING TO COUN-
TRIES
WITHOUT
A
STRONG
COMMITMENT
TO 
DELIVERING
UNIVERSAL
BASIC
EDUCATION.— 
Assistance provided under this subsection to 
foreign countries described in paragraph (2)(B) 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be 
provided in coordination with committed local 
governments and civil society organizations. 
‘‘(C) REQUIREMENT RELATING TO COUN-
TRIES AFFECTED BY CONFLICT OR CRISES.— 
Assistance provided under this subsection to 
foreign countries or those parts of the terri-
tories of foreign countries that are affected by 
armed conflict, emerging from armed conflict, 
or affected by a humanitarian crisis shall be 
provided in such a manner so as to ensure a 
continuity of educational activities throughout 
the conflict or crisis and during the transition 
from conflict or crisis to reconstruction and de-
velopment. 
‘‘(4) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Assistance pro-
vided under this subsection may be used to support 
efforts to expand access and to improve the quality 
of basic education, including efforts— 
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‘‘(A) to ensure an adequate supply of 
trained teachers; 
‘‘(B) to promote programs that expand 
training and implementation of effective cur-
ricula; 
‘‘(C) to provide adequate infrastructure; 
‘‘(D) to build systems to provide con-
tinuing support, training, and professional de-
velopment for all educators; 
‘‘(E) to eliminate fees for educational serv-
ices, including fees for tuition, uniforms, and 
materials, and provide access to education with-
out additional costs to families through sim-
plified multilateral mechanisms; 
‘‘(F) to identify and replicate successful 
interventions that improve access to education 
and the quality of education, such as scholar-
ships, school lunch, and school health programs; 
‘‘(G) to build systems to ensure continuing 
information collection, monitoring, and evalua-
tion of education services and financing; 
‘‘(H) to ensure that schools are not incu-
bators for violent extremism; 
‘‘(I) to provide human rights and conflict- 
resolution education; 
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‘‘(J) to promote programs that teach civic 
education and life skills; 
‘‘(K) to support other initiatives that have 
demonstrated success in increasing access, im-
proving learning outcomes and increasing edu-
cational opportunities for the most disadvan-
taged populations, such as children in remote or 
rural areas, religious or ethnic minorities, or-
phans and children impacted by HIV/AIDS, 
child laborers or victims of trafficking, children 
affected by conflict, and children living with dis-
abilities; 
‘‘(L) to increase the number of comprehen-
sive schools; and 
‘‘(M) to carry out other activities to fur-
ther the goals of the Education for All Fast- 
Track Initiative. 
‘‘(5) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED FOR 
COUNTRIES AFFECTED BY CONFLICT OR CRISES.—In 
addition to the activities supported under paragraph 
(4), assistance provided under this subsection to for-
eign countries or those parts of the territories of for-
eign countries that are affected by armed conflict, 
emerging from armed conflict, or affected by a hu-
manitarian crisis may be used to support efforts— 
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‘‘(A) to ensure a continuity of educational 
activities for all children; 
‘‘(B) wherever possible, to reestablish for-
mal education services, or to complement serv-
ices that are available with the establishment of 
well-managed school spaces, to protect children 
from physical harm, psychological and social 
distress, recruitment into armed groups, family 
separation, and abuses related to their displace-
ment; 
‘‘(C) to promote the creation of out-of- 
school programs and flexible-hour schooling in 
areas in which security prevents students from 
attending regular schools; 
‘‘(D) to provide safe spaces, with such fa-
cilities providing access to water, sanitation, 
health-related education, psychosocial support 
and landmine awareness; 
‘‘(E) to provide temporary facility con-
struction and minor rehabilitation of edu-
cational structures; 
‘‘(F) to provide essential educational mate-
rials that assist in building systems to support, 
train, and provide professional development for 
educators; and 
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‘‘(G) to promote efforts to ensure the re-
integration of teachers and students in conflict 
and refugee situations into educational systems, 
including regional approaches to coordinate and 
recognize the educational efforts of these teach-
ers and students and other school systems. 
‘‘(6) SUSPENSION OF ASSISTANCE.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The President may 
suspend the provision of all or part of the as-
sistance provided under this subsection for a 
foreign country if there is substantial evidence 
that the country— 
‘‘(i) is significantly failing to meet the 
criteria specified in its national education 
plan; or 
‘‘(ii)(I)(aa) is not tracking and moni-
toring the use of foreign and domestic as-
sistance to develop or implement its na-
tional education plan and making such 
tracking and monitoring information avail-
able to the public; or 
‘‘(bb) is using such assistance for un-
authorized purposes; and 
‘‘(II) fails to come forward with an 
immediate plan to address a deficiency de-
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scribed in item (aa) or (bb) of subclause 
(I). 
‘‘(B) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 
days after exercising the authority of subpara-
graph (A) to suspend the provision of all or 
part of the assistance provided under this sub-
section for a foreign country, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a notification of such suspension, 
including the reasons for the suspension. 
‘‘(g) UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION FELLOWSHIP 
PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) AUTHORITY.—The Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development 
is authorized to establish an education fellowship 
program at the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development to increase the expertise of 
the personnel of the Agency in promoting universal 
basic education and to carry out the provisions of 
this section. 
‘‘(2) TERM
OF
FELLOWSHIP.—An individual 
may participate in a fellowship under this subsection 
for a term of not more than 3 years. 
‘‘(3) QUALIFICATIONS.—An individual is quali-
fied to participate in a fellowship under this sub-
VerDate Aug 31 2005 
00:03 May 03, 2007
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H2092
ccoleman on PRODPC74 with BILLS