I 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 9334 
To strengthen domestic manufacturing, bring next generation iron and steel 
back to the United States, and revitalize deindustrialized regions. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
AUGUST 9, 2024 
Mr. KHANNA (for himself, Mr. DELUZIO, Ms. KAPTUR, Ms. STEVENS, Mrs. 
DINGELL, Ms. ADAMS, Mr. DAVIS of North Carolina, Ms. BUDZINSKI, 
Mr. LYNCH, Mrs. FOUSHEE, Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania, and Mr. 
THANEDAR) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speak-
er, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the ju-
risdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To strengthen domestic manufacturing, bring next generation 
iron and steel back to the United States, and revitalize 
deindustrialized regions. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Steel Modernization Act of 2024’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
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Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
TITLE I—INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION 
Sec. 101. Covered financial assistance. 
Sec. 102. Contract for differences pilot program. 
Sec. 103. Near-zero emissions intensity iron production credit. 
Sec. 104. Green iron and steel facility energy investment credits. 
Sec. 105. Study and report on demand generation. 
Sec. 106. Report on strategy to bring zero-greenhouse gas emissions electricity 
to the electric grid. 
Sec. 107. Prohibition. 
Sec. 108. Definitions. 
TITLE II—TARIFF ON DIRTY IMPORTED STEEL 
Sec. 201. Calculation of emissions intensity. 
Sec. 202. Imposition of emissions intensity tariff. 
Sec. 203. Definitions. 
TITLE III—EXPENDITURE OF REVENUES 
Sec. 301. Administrative expenses. 
Sec. 302. Economic Support Fund. 
TITLE I—INDUSTRIAL 
INNOVATION 
SEC. 101. COVERED FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall, 
subject to the availability of appropriations for such pur-
pose, award eligible entities covered financial assistance in 
accordance with this section. 
(b) COVERED FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—The Sec-
retary of Energy may award, on a competitive basis, cov-
ered financial assistance to an eligible entity to carry out 
a project for— 
(1) construction of an eligible facility that will 
use an advanced industrial iron technology or an ad-
vanced industrial steel technology; 
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(2) the purchase, installation, or implementa-
tion, of an advanced industrial iron technology or an 
advanced industrial steel technology at an eligible fa-
cility; 
(3) retrofits, upgrades to, or operational im-
provements at, an eligible facility to install or imple-
ment an advanced industrial iron technology or an 
advanced industrial steel technology at such eligible 
facility; 
(4) demonstration of an early-stage advanced 
industrial iron technology or an early-stage advanced 
industrial steel technology at an eligible facility; or 
(5) engineering studies and other work needed 
to construct an eligible facility described in para-
graph (1) or prepare an eligible facility for activities 
described in paragraph (2), (3) or (4). 
(c) APPLICATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible to receive cov-
ered financial assistance under this section, an eligi-
ble entity shall submit to the Secretary of Energy an 
application at such time, in such manner, and con-
taining such information as the Secretary may re-
quire, including— 
(A) a plan for the proposed project, includ-
ing a description of— 
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(i) the technical and commercial via-
bility of the applicable advanced industrial 
iron technology or advanced industrial steel 
technology; 
(ii) how the project will enable the 
steel or iron industry to decrease its green-
house gas emissions; and 
(B) a description of how the eligible entity 
plans to source domestically produced material, 
including iron and steel, for all construction re-
lated to the proposed project; 
(C) any new iron, steel, or other metal pro-
duction capacity expected; 
(D) the expected greenhouse gas emissions 
reductions to be achieved at the eligible facility 
and the methods for calculating such emissions 
reductions; 
(E) the expected number of new jobs that 
will be created; 
(F) the expected number of jobs retained 
that may have otherwise been terminated; 
(G) the expected impact on production and 
capacity at existing facilities, including any re-
lated plans to idle or close a facility or layoff 
or reduce hours for current employees; 
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(H) a breakdown of costs of the project, 
including a proposed Federal Government share 
of total costs; 
(I) a plan to recruit and train, and provide 
employment and advancement for women, peo-
ple of color, people of lower economic status, 
and other minorities; 
(J) assurances that all laborers and me-
chanics employed by the eligible entity or any 
contractor or subcontractor in the performance 
of construction, alteration, or repair work (in-
cluding retrofits, upgrades, and any other im-
provements) carried out, in whole or in part, 
with covered financial assistance made available 
under this Act shall be paid wages at rates not 
less than those prevailing on projects of a char-
acter similar in the locality as determined by 
the Secretary of Labor in accordance with sub-
chapter IV of chapter 31 of title 40, United 
States Code. With respect to the labor stand-
ards specified in this subsection, the Secretary 
of Labor shall have the authority and functions 
set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 
of 1950 (64 Stat. 1267; 5 U.S.C. App.) and 
section 3145 of title 40, United States Code; 
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(K) with respect to any eligible facility for 
which the total estimated cost of the construc-
tion contract is $25,000,000 or more, an assur-
ance that every contractor and subcontractor 
engaged in the construction on the project 
agree, for that project, to negotiate or become 
a party to a project labor agreement as that 
term is defined in section 22.502 of title 48, 
Code of Federal Regulations; and 
(L) for eligible entities that are applying 
for more than $50,000,000 of covered financial 
assistance under this section— 
(i) a plan for how the eligibly entity 
will carry out the training program de-
scribed in subsection (g)(1); 
(ii) a community benefits plan that 
meets the requirements of subsection (h); 
and 
(iii) a commitment and plan to con-
duct town halls with local communities, in-
cluding frontline communities, member-
ship-based nonprofit organizations with 
members in the community, and labor or-
ganizations, and get letters of support 
from community groups representing a 
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broad range of constituencies that dem-
onstrate that the groups understand the el-
igible entity’s planned project and agree to 
it. 
(2) EVALUATION CRITERIA.—The Secretary of 
Energy shall publish criteria on evaluating applica-
tions submitted under this subsection. 
(d) REQUIREMENTS FOR AWARDEES.— 
(1) PRODUCTION AND EMISSION INTENSITY RE-
QUIREMENTS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—An eligible facility with 
respect to which covered financial assistance 
under this section is awarded shall— 
(i) begin production of near-zero emis-
sions intensity steel or near-zero emissions 
intensity iron not later than the earlier 
of— 
(I) January 1, 2035; and 
(II) the date that is 7 years after 
the date on which covered financial 
assistance for the project is received 
by the applicable eligible entity; and 
(ii) after the date of production de-
scribed in clause (i) begins, only produce 
iron that is near-zero emissions intensity 
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iron or steel that is near-zero emissions in-
tensity steel. 
(B) PROJECTS TO UPGRADE BLAST FUR-
NACES.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—An eligible facility 
with respect to which covered financial as-
sistance under this section is awarded for 
any project to upgrade a blast furnace that 
actively produces iron as of the date of en-
actment of this Act shall achieve at least 
a 50 percent reduction in emissions inten-
sity at the start of production of near-zero 
emissions intensity iron relative to average 
emissions intensity of the iron produced by 
the eligible facility between June 1, 2023, 
and June 1, 2024. 
(ii) USE OF CLEAN HYDROGEN.—For 
a project described in clause (i) that will 
upgrade to a direct reduced iron furnace, 
such direct reduced iron furnace shall— 
(I) be capable of using 100 per-
cent hydrogen to reduce iron ore; 
(II) blend at least 10 percent 
non-fossil based hydrogen not later 
than 2 years after the direct reduced 
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iron furnace commences operation; 
and 
(III) use 100 percent clean hy-
drogen by the earlier of the dates de-
scribed in clause (i). 
(iii) MODIFICATIONS
TO
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—In the event that hydrogen is not 
available in sufficient volumes or at rea-
sonable price (as determined by the Sec-
retary of Energy, in consultation with 
stakeholders from relevant industries) the 
Secretary may, as the Secretary deter-
mines appropriate, modify any requirement 
under clause (ii). 
(2) EMISSIONS REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) REPORTING TO DOE.—An eligible enti-
ty awarded covered financial assistance under 
this section shall report to the Secretary of En-
ergy any greenhouse gas emissions (determined 
on a mine-to-metal basis), related to the pro-
duction by the applicable eligible facility of iron 
or steel after the date on which covered finan-
cial assistance is received by the eligible entity. 
(B) ELIGIBLE
FACILITY
SPECIFIC
ENVI-
RONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATIONS.—An eli-
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gible entity awarded covered financial assist-
ance under this section shall offer to provide 
buyers of the near-zero emissions intensity steel 
or near-zero emissions intensity iron produced 
at the applicable eligible facility environmental 
product declarations that are— 
(i) specific to the near-zero emissions 
intensity steel or near-zero emissions inten-
sity iron produced at such eligible facility; 
and 
(ii) updated at least annually, begin-
ning not later than 12 months after pro-
duction of such near-zero emissions inten-
sity steel or near-zero emissions intensity 
iron begins. 
(3) TRAINING.—Eligible entities that receive 
covered 
financial 
assistance 
of 
more 
than 
$50,000,000 under this section shall meet the re-
quirements under subsection (g). 
(4) COMMUNITY
BENEFITS.—Eligible entities 
that receive covered financial assistance of more 
than $50,000,000 under this section shall meet the 
requirements under subsection (h). 
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(5) WAGES.—Eligible entities that receive cov-
ered financial assistance under this Act shall comply 
with the requirements under subsection (c)(1)(J). 
(6) PROJECT LABOR AGREEMENTS.—With re-
spect to any eligible facility for which the total esti-
mated 
cost 
of 
the 
construction 
contract 
is 
$25,000,000 or more, the eligible entity shall comply 
with the requirements under subsection (c)(1)(K). 
(e) PRIORITY.—The Secretary of Energy shall— 
(1) in awarding covered financial assistance 
under this section, give priority— 
(A) to eligible entities that will support 
training of current and former workers to build 
skills required to work in an upgraded or new 
facility and retention of such current workers; 
(B) to eligible entities that will ensure the 
utilization of registered apprentices during the 
construction of the eligible facility in accordance 
with the standards and requirements set forth 
in parts 29 and 30 of title 29, Code of Federal 
Regulations; 
(C) to projects that will be carried out in 
existing or legacy iron or steel-making commu-
nities; 
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(D) to eligible entities that commit to hir-
ing at least 25 percent of the applicable work-
force from an existing or legacy iron or steel- 
making community; 
(E) to projects based on the extent to 
which the applicable project would provide the 
greatest benefit to the greatest number of peo-
ple within the metropolitan area in which the 
eligible facility is located; 
(F) to projects based on the expected 
greenhouse gas emissions reductions to be 
achieved by carrying out the applicable project; 
(G) to projects based on the extent to 
which the applicable project will enable the steel 
or iron industry to decrease its greenhouse gas 
emissions by 2050; 
(H) to projects that will result in the larg-
est improvement in air quality; 
(I) to projects to upgrade blast furnaces 
that actively produce iron as of the date of en-
actment of this Act; 
(J) to eligible entities based on whether 
the applicable eligible entity participates or 
would participate in a program that connects 
producers of near-zero emissions intensity steel 
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