B, C, and D of title XVIII of the Social Security Act and 
under the Medicaid program under title XIX of such Act 
on access by targeted individuals to vaccines recommended 
by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of 
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Such 
study shall include an analysis and determination of— 
(1) the reimbursement rates for vaccines under 
such parts of the Medicare program and under the 
Medicaid program, including those rates paid by a 
PDP sponsor under part D of title XVIII of such 
Act, Medicare Advantage organizations under part C 
of such title, and Medicaid managed care organiza-
tions (as defined in section 1903(m)(1)(A) of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b(m)(1)(A)); 
(2) the number of targeted individuals during 
the 3-year period prior to the study who were eligi-
ble for a vaccination recommended by the Advisory 
Committee on Immunization Practices of the Cen-
ters for Disease Control and Prevention; 
(3) the number of such targeted individuals who 
actually received a vaccination described in para-
graph (2), with a particular breakdown of adults, 
the elderly, and populations located in rural or un-
derserved communities; and 
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(4) the extent to which the reimbursement rates 
under such parts of the Medicare program and 
under the Medicaid program for vaccinations de-
scribed in paragraph (2) affect their use by physi-
cians or access for such targeted individuals. 
(b) TARGETED INDIVIDUALS.—For purposes of sub-
section (a), the term ‘‘targeted individual’’ means and in-
dividual who is— 
(1)(A) entitled to benefits under part A of title 
XVIII of the Social Security Act or enrolled in part 
B of such Act; or 
(B) eligible for medical assistance under title 
XIX of such Act; and 
(2) within a vulnerable population. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of the Congress a 
report containing the results of the study conducted under 
subsection (a), including— 
(1) a summary of the findings of the study; and 
(2) recommendations based on the results of 
the study, including recommendations for such legis-
lative and administrative action as the Comptroller 
General determines appropriate. 
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SEC. 203. ENCOURAGING HEALTH PLANS TO ESTABLISH 
PROGRAMS TO INCREASE ADULT IMMUNIZA-
TION. 
(a) PRIVATE HEALTH PLANS.—Section 2718 of the 
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg–18) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(f) PROGRAMS
TO INCREASE ADULT IMMUNIZA-
TION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of this sec-
tion, for plan years beginning on or after the date 
of enactment of the Vaccine Access, Certainty, and 
Innovation Act of 2015, activities that improve 
health care quality described in subsection (a)(2) 
shall include programs to increase adult immuniza-
tion. 
‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—Not later than Decem-
ber 31, 2016, the Secretary shall establish standard-
ized methodologies, including definitions, for which 
activities, and in what regard such activities, con-
stitute programs to increase adult immunization in 
accordance with this subsection. The Secretary shall 
consult with relevant stakeholders in establishing 
such methodologies.’’. 
(b) MEDICARE ADVANTAGE AND PART D PLANS.— 
Section 1857(e) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
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1395w–27(e)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(5) INCLUSION
OF
EXPENDITURES
ON
PRO-
GRAMS TO INCREASE ADULT IMMUNIZATION IN MIN-
IMUM
MEDICAL
LOSS
RATIO
CALCULATION.—For 
purposes of calculating the minimum medical loss 
ratio under paragraph (4), for plan years beginning 
at least 12 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the numerator shall include any expendi-
tures on programs to increase adult immunization.’’. 
Æ 
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