1228 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
Subtitle B—Matters Relating to 
Afghanistan and Pakistan 
SEC. 1211. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
FOR REIMBURSEMENT OF CERTAIN COALI-
TION NATIONS FOR SUPPORT PROVIDED TO 
UNITED STATES MILITARY OPERATIONS. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Subsection (a) of section 1233 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2008 (Public Law 110– 181; 122 Stat. 393) is amended 
in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘Octo-
ber 1, 2018, and ending on December 31, 2019’’ and in-
serting ‘‘October 1, 2019, and ending on December 31, 
2020’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION
TO
LIMITATION.—Subsection 
(d)(1) of such section is amended—
1229 
(1) by striking ‘‘October 1, 2018, and ending 
on December 31, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘October 1, 
2019, and ending on December 31, 2020’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘$350,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$450,000,000’’. 
SEC. 1212. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF AFGHAN 
SPECIAL IMMIGRANT VISA PROGRAM. 
(a) PRINCIPAL ALIENS.—Subclause (I) of section 
602(b)(2)(A)(ii) of the Afghan Allies Protection Act of 
2009 (8 U.S.C. 1101 note) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(I) by, or on behalf of, the 
United States Government; or’’. 
(b) EXTENSION OF AFGHAN SPECIAL IMMIGRANT 
PROGRAM.—Section 602(b)(3)(F) of the Afghan Allies 
Protection Act of 2009 (8 U.S.C. 1101 note) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘2015, 2016, AND 
2017’’ and inserting ‘‘2015 THROUGH 2020’’; 
(2) in the matter preceding clause (i), by strik-
ing ‘‘18,500’’ and inserting ‘‘18,870’’; 
(3) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2020’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2021’’; and 
(4) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2020’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2021’’.
1230 
SEC. 1213. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER DE-
FENSE ARTICLES AND PROVIDE DEFENSE 
SERVICES TO THE MILITARY AND SECURITY 
FORCES OF AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY.—Subsection (h) of 
section 1222 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 
1992) is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2022’’. 
(b) EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES.—Subsection (i)(2) 
of such section is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2020’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘December 31, 
2022’’. 
SEC. 1214. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO ACQUIRE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES PRO-
DUCED IN COUNTRIES ALONG A MAJOR 
ROUTE OF SUPPLY TO AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY.—Subsection (f) of 
section 801 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 2399) 
is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2019’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘December 31, 2021’’. 
(b) REPORT ON AUTHORITY.—Such section, as so 
amended, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(g) REPORT ON AUTHORITY.—
1231 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 
2020, and March 1, 2021, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report on the use of the authority provided 
in subsection (a). The report shall address, at a min-
imum, the following: 
‘‘(A) The number of determinations made 
by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (b). 
‘‘(B) A description of the products and 
services acquired using the authority. 
‘‘(C) The extent to which the use of the 
authority has met the objectives of subpara-
graph (A), (B), or (C) of subsection (b)(2). 
‘‘(D) A list of the countries providing prod-
ucts or services as a result of a determination 
made pursuant to subsection (b). 
‘‘(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—For purposes of this subsection, 
the term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ 
means— 
‘‘(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
‘‘(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.’’.
1232 
SEC. 1215. AUTHORITY FOR CERTAIN PAYMENTS TO RE-
DRESS INJURY AND LOSS IN AFGHANISTAN, 
IRAQ, SYRIA, SOMALIA, LIBYA, AND YEMEN. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—During the period beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act and ending on December 
31, 2020, not more than $5,000,000, to be derived from 
funds authorized to be appropriated to the Office of the 
Secretary of Defense under the Operation and Mainte-
nance, Defense-wide account, may be made available for 
ex gratia payments for damage, personal injury, or death 
that is incident to combat operations of the United States 
Armed Forces in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Somalia, 
Libya, and Yemen. 
(b) QUARTERLY REPORT.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 
days thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report including 
the following: 
(1) With respect to each ex gratia payment 
made under the authority in this subsection or any 
other authority during the preceding 90-day period, 
each of the following: 
(A) The amount used for such payments. 
(B) The manner in which claims for such 
payments were verified.
1233 
(C) The officers or officials authorized to 
approve claims for payments. 
(D) The manner in which payments are 
made. 
(2) With respect to a preceding 90-day period 
in which no ex gratia payments were made— 
(A) whether any such payment was re-
fused, along with the reason for such refusal; or 
(B) any other reason for which no such 
payments were made. 
(c) AUTHORITIES APPLICABLE TO PAYMENT.—Any 
payment made pursuant to this subsection shall be made 
in accordance with the authorities and limitations in sec-
tion 8121 of the Department of Defense Appropriations 
Act, 2015 (division C of Public Law 113–235), other than 
subsection (h) of such section. 
SEC. 1216. EXTENSION OF SEMIANNUAL REPORT ON EN-
HANCING SECURITY AND STABILITY IN AF-
GHANISTAN. 
Section 1225 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. 
‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 Stat. 3558) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)—
1234 
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘Decem-
ber 15, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘December 15, 
2022’’; and 
(B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(3) FORM.—Each report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form 
without any designation relating to dissemination 
control, but may include a classified annex.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, to include the progress 
of the Government of Afghanistan on securing 
Afghan territory and population,’’ after ‘‘the 
current security conditions in Afghanistan’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘and the Haqqani Net-
work’’ and inserting ‘‘the Haqqani Network, 
and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria 
Khorasan’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(9) MONITORING AND EVALUATION MEASURES 
RELATING
TO
ASFF.—A description of the moni-
toring and evaluation measures that the Department 
of Defense and the Government of Afghanistan are 
taking to ensure that funds of the Afghanistan Secu-
rity Forces Fund provided to the Government of Af-
1235 
ghanistan as direct government-to-government as-
sistance are not subject to waste, fraud, or abuse.’’. 
SEC. 1217. SPECIAL IMMIGRANT VISA PROGRAM REPORT-
ING REQUIREMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Inspector General 
of the Department of State shall submit a report, which 
may contain a classified annex, to— 
(1) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations, and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report submitted under sub-
section (a) shall evaluate the obstacles to effective protec-
tion of Afghan and Iraqi allies through the special immi-
grant visa programs and suggestions for improvements in 
future programs, including information relating to— 
(1) the hiring of locally employed staff and con-
tractors; 
(2) documenting the identity and employment 
of locally employed staff and contractors of the 
United States Government, including the possibility
1236 
of establishing a central database of employees of 
the United States Government and its contractors; 
(3) the protection and safety of employees of lo-
cally employed staff and contractors; 
(4) means of expediting processing at all stages 
of the process for applicants, including consideration 
of reducing required forms; 
(5) appropriate staffing levels for expedited 
processing domestically and abroad; 
(6) the effect of uncertainty of visa availability 
on visa processing; 
(7) the cost and availability of medical examina-
tions; and 
(8) means to reduce delays in interagency proc-
essing and security checks. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In preparing the report under 
subsection (a), the Inspector General shall consult with 
current and, to the extent possible, former employees of— 
(1) the Department of State, Bureau of Con-
sular Affairs, Visa Office; 
(2) the Department of State, Bureau of Near 
Eastern Affairs and South and Central Asian Af-
fairs, Executive Office; 
(3) the United States embassy in Kabul, Af-
ghanistan, Consular Section;
1237 
(4) the United States embassy in Baghdad, 
Iraq, Consular Section; 
(5) the Department of Homeland Security, U.S. 
Citizenship and Immigration Services; 
(6) the Department of Defense; and 
(7) non-governmental organizations providing 
legal aid in the special immigrant visa application 
process. 
SEC. 1218. MEANINGFUL INCLUSION OF AFGHAN WOMEN IN 
PEACE NEGOTIATIONS. 
As part of any activities of the Department of De-
fense relating to the ongoing peace process in Afghanistan, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State, shall seek to ensure the meaningful par-
ticipation of Afghan women in that process in a manner 
consistent with the Women, Peace, and Security Act of 
2017 (22 U.S.C. 2152j et seq.), including through advo-
cacy for the inclusion of Afghan women leaders in ongoing 
and future negotiations to end the conflict in Afghanistan.
1238 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to 
Syria, Iraq, and Iran 
SEC. 1221. MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE AS-
SISTANCE TO COUNTER THE ISLAMIC STATE 
OF IRAQ AND SYRIA. 
(a) LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF AUTHORITY.— 
Of the amounts made available for fiscal year 2020 pursu-
ant to the authorization in section 1236 of the Carl Levin 
and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113– 
291; 128 Stat. 3558), as amended by this section, not 
more than 70 percent may be obligated or expended until 
the date on which the Secretary of Defense submits to 
the congressional defense committees, the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 
in unclassified form, that may include a classified annex, 
that includes each of the following: 
(1) Any updates to or changes in the plan, 
strategy, process, vetting requirements and process 
as described in subsection (e) of such section 1236, 
and end-use monitoring mechanisms and procedures. 
(2) A description of how attacks against United 
States or coalition personnel are being mitigated,
1239 
statistics on any such attacks, including ‘‘green-on- 
blue’’ attacks. 
(3) A description of the forces receiving assist-
ance authorized under subsection (a) of such section 
1236. 
(4) A description of the recruitment, through-
put, and retention rates of recipients and equipment. 
(5) A description of any misuse or loss of pro-
vided equipment and how such misuse or loss is 
being mitigated. 
(6) An assessment of the operational effective-
ness of the forces receiving assistance authorized 
under subsection (a) of such section 1236. 
(7) A description of sustainment support pro-
vided to the forces authorized under subsection (a) 
of such section 1236. 
(8) A list of new projects for construction, re-
pair, or renovation commenced during the period 
covered by such progress report, and a list of 
projects for construction, repair, or renovation con-
tinuing from the period covered by the preceding 
progress report. 
(9) A statement of the amount of funds ex-
pended during the period for which the report is 
submitted.
1240 
(10) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
assistance authorized under subsection (a) of such 
section 1236. 
(11) A list of the forces or elements of forces 
that are restricted from receiving assistance under 
subsection (a) of such section 1236, other than the 
forces or elements of forces with respect to which 
the Secretary of Defense has exercised the waiver 
authority under subsection (j) of such section 1236, 
as a result of vetting required by subsection (e) of 
such section 1236 or by section 2249e of title 10, 
United States Code, and a detailed description of 
the reasons for such restriction, including for each 
force or element, as applicable, the following: 
(A) Information relating to gross violation 
of human rights committed by such force or ele-
ment, including the time-frame of the alleged 
violation. 
(B) The source of the information de-
scribed in subparagraph (A) and an assessment 
of the veracity of the information. 
(C) The association of such force or ele-
ment with terrorist groups or groups associated 
with the Government of Iran.
1241 
(D) The amount and type of any assist-
ance provided to such force or element by the 
Government of Iran. 
(12) An assessment of— 
(A) security in liberated areas in Iraq; 
(B) the extent to which security forces 
trained and equipped, directly or indirectly, by 
the United States are prepared to provide post- 
conflict stabilization and security in such liber-
ated areas; and 
(C) the effectiveness of security forces in 
the post-conflict environment and an identifica-
tion of which such forces will provide post-con-
flict stabilization and security in such liberated 
areas. 
(13) A summary of available information relat-
ing to the disposition of militia groups throughout 
Iraq, with particular focus on groups in areas liber-
ated from ISIS or in sensitive areas with historically 
mixed ethnic or minority communities. 
(b) FUNDING.—Subsection (g) of section 1236 of the 
Carl Levin and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 
113–291; 128 Stat. 3558) is amended—
1242 
(1) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2019’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2020’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘$850,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$663,000,000’’. 
(c) MODIFICATION OF ELEMENTS IN QUARTERLY 
PROGRESS REPORTS.—Subsection (d) of such section 
1236 is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (11), by striking ‘‘section 
2249e of title 10, United States Code’’ and inserting 
‘‘section 362 of title 10, United States Code’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(13) A summary of available information re-
lating to the disposition of militia groups throughout 
Iraq, with particular focus on groups in areas liber-
ated from ISIS or in sensitive areas with historically 
mixed ethnic or minority communities.’’. 
(d) CLARIFICATION WITH RESPECT TO SCOPE OF 
AUTHORITY.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Subsection (j)(2) of such 
section 1236 is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) SCOPE OF ASSISTANCE AUTHORITY.—Not-
withstanding paragraph (1), the authority granted 
by subsection (a) may only be exercised in consulta-
tion with the Government of Iraq.’’.
1243 
(2) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—The heading of 
subsection (j) of such section 1236 is amended by 
inserting ‘‘; SCOPE’’ after ‘‘AUTHORITY’’. 
(e) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Subsection (c) of 
such section 1236 is amended in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘subsection (a)(1)’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘subsection (b)(1)(A)’’. 
SEC. 1222. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO THE VETTED 
SYRIAN OPPOSITION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1209 of the Carl Levin 
and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113– 
291; 128 Stat. 3559) is amended as follows: 
(1) In subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘, appropriately vetted 
local security forces in northeast Syria, in-
cluding units of the Syrian Democratic 
Forces and their associated counter-ter-
rorism units,’’ after ‘‘elements of the Syr-
ian opposition’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘December 31, 2019’’ 
and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2020’’.
1244 
(B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘or pre-
viously controlled by ISIL’’ after ‘‘Syrian oppo-
sition’’. 
(2) By amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) NOTICE BEFORE PROVISION OF ASSISTANCE.— 
Not later than 15 days prior to each instance of the provi-
sion of assistance under subsection (a), the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees and 
leadership of the House of Representatives and Senate a 
notification that includes the following: 
‘‘(1) The plan for providing the assistance. 
‘‘(2) The requirements and process used to de-
termine appropriately vetted recipients with respect 
to the assistance. 
‘‘(3) The mechanisms and procedures that will 
be used to monitor and report to the appropriate 
congressional committees and leadership of the 
House of Representatives and Senate on unauthor-
ized end-use of provided training and equipment or 
other violations of relevant law by appropriately vet-
ted recipients.
1245 
‘‘(4) The amount, type, and purpose of assist-
ance to be funded and the recipient of the assist-
ance. 
‘‘(5) The budget and implementation timeline, 
with milestones and anticipated delivery schedule for 
the assistance. 
‘‘(6) A description of any material use of assist-
ance previously provided under subsection (a) to any 
appropriately vetted recipient of such assistance for 
a purpose other than the purposes specified in sub-
section (a) that occurred since the most recent noti-
fication submitted by the Secretary pursuant to this 
subsection, with a specific description of the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(A) The details of such material misuse. 
‘‘(B) The recipient or recipients respon-
sible for such material misuse. 
‘‘(C) The consequences of such material 
misuse. 
‘‘(D) The actions taken by the Secretary to 
remedy the causes and effects of such material 
misuse. 
‘‘(7) The goals and objectives of the assistance.
1246 
‘‘(8) The concept of operations, timelines, and 
types of training, equipment, stipends, sustainment, 
construction, and supplies to be provided. 
‘‘(9) The roles and contributions of partner na-
tions. 
‘‘(10) The number and role of United States 
Armed Forces personnel involved. 
‘‘(11) Any additional military support and 
sustainment activities. 
‘‘(12) Any other relevant details.’’. 
(3) By amending subsection (c) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(c) FORM.—The notifications required by subsection 
(b) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may in-
clude a classified annex.’’. 
(4) By striking subsection (f) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(f) RESTRICTION ON SCOPE OF ASSISTANCE IN THE 
FORM OF WEAPONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary may only 
provide assistance in the form of weapons pursuant 
to the authority under subsection (a) if such weap-
ons are small arms, including handguns, rifles and 
carbines, sub-machine guns, or light machine guns.
1247 
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive the 
restriction under paragraph (1) if the Secretary cer-
tifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
that such provision of law would (but for the waiver) 
impede national security objectives of the United 
States by prohibiting, restricting, delaying, or other-
wise limiting the provision of assistance. Such waiver 
shall not take effect until 15 days after the date on 
which such certification is submitted to the appro-
priate congressional committees.’’. 
(5) In subsection (g)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, at the end of the 15- 
day period beginning on the date the Secretary 
notifies the congressional defense committees of 
the amount, source, and intended purpose of 
such contributions’’ after ‘‘as authorized by this 
section’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘operation and mainte-
nance accounts’’ and all that follows through 
the end of the subsection and inserting ‘‘ac-
counts.’’. 
(6) In subsection (k), by inserting ‘‘, at the end 
of the 15-day period beginning on the date the Sec-
retary notifies the congressional defense committees 
of the amount, recipient, and intended purpose of
1248 
such assistance’’ after ‘‘authorized under this sec-
tion’’. 
(7) In subsection (l)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘$10,000,000’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘$20,000,000’’; 
(B) by adding at the end the following new 
sentence: ‘‘Amounts accepted as contributions 
pursuant to the authority in subsection (g) for 
construction and repair projects may be ex-
pended without regard to the limitation under 
this subsection.’’; 
(C) by striking ‘‘REPAIR PROJECTS.—The 
aggregate’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘REPAIR 
PROJECTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The aggregate’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive the 
limitation under paragraph (1) if the Secretary cer-
tifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
that such provision of law would (but for the waiver) 
impede national security objectives of the United 
States by prohibiting, restricting, delaying, or other-
wise limiting the provision of assistance. Such waiver 
shall not take effect until 15 days after the date on
1249 
which such certification is submitted to the appro-
priate congressional committees.’’. 
(8) By striking subsection (j). 
(9) By redesignating subsections (k) through 
(m) (as amended by this subsection) as subsections 
(j) through (l), respectively. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE AND AVAILABILITY OF AU-
THORITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The amendments made by 
subsection (a) shall take effect on the date of the en-
actment of this section. 
(2) AVAILABILITY
OF
AUTHORITY.—Notwith-
standing paragraph (1), the Secretary may not pro-
vide assistance pursuant to the authority provided 
by section 1209 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. 
‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 
Stat. 3559), as amended by subsection (a) of this 
section, during the period beginning on January 1, 
2020, and ending on the date on which each quar-
terly report required to be submitted pursuant to 
subsection (d) of such section 1209, as of the date 
of the enactment of this section, has been submitted.
1250 
SEC. 1223. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO SUPPORT OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES 
OF THE OFFICE OF SECURITY COOPERATION 
IN IRAQ. 
(a) EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY.—Subsection (f)(1) 
of section 1215 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2012 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended 
by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 
2020’’. 
(b) AMOUNT AVAILABLE.—Such section is further 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘fiscal year 
2019’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2020’’; and 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘fiscal year 
2019’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2020’’. 
(c) LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Of 
the amount available for fiscal year 2020 for section 1215 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2012, as amended by this section, not more than an 
amount equal to 50 percent may be obligated or expended 
for the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq until the 
date on which the Secretary of Defense certifies to the 
congressional defense committees, the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, that each
1251 
of the following reforms relating to that Office has been 
completed: 
(1) The appointment of a Senior Defense Offi-
cial/Defense Attache to oversee the Office. 
(2) The development of a Joint Service staffing 
plan to reorganize the Office similar to that of other 
security cooperation offices in the region, that places 
foreign area officers in key leadership positions and 
closes duplicative or extraneous sections. 
(3) The planning and initiation of bilateral en-
gagement with the Government of Iraq for the pur-
pose of establishing a Joint Military Commission 
and the initiation and drafting of a five-year security 
assistance roadmap for developing strategic and sus-
tainable military capacity and capabilities for Iraq 
that includes a plan to reform Iraq’s defense indus-
trial base and security sector by reducing corruption 
and optimizing procurement. 
SEC. 1224. PROHIBITION ON PROVISION OF WEAPONS AND 
OTHER FORMS OF SUPPORT TO CERTAIN OR-
GANIZATIONS. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or otherwise made available to the Department 
of Defense for fiscal year 2020 may be used to knowingly 
provide weapons or any other form of support to Al Qaeda,
1252 
the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), Jabhat Fateh 
al Sham Hamas, Hizballah, Palestine Islamic Jihad, al- 
Shabaab, Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, or any indi-
vidual or group affiliated with any such organization. 
SEC. 1225. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION RELATING TO USE OF 
MILITARY FORCE AGAINST IRAN. 
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this 
Act may be construed to authorize the use of military force 
against Iran. 
SEC. 1226. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR MIN-
ISTRY OF PESHMERGA FORCES OF THE 
KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States led coalition and coalition 
enabled partner forces, including Ministry of 
Peshmerga forces of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq 
and Iraqi Security Forces (ISF), have made signifi-
cant gains in liberating all territory in Iraq from Is-
lamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) control and dis-
rupting ISIS safe havens and networks; 
(2) nevertheless, ISIS is regenerating key func-
tions and capabilities in Iraq, and ISIS elements will 
continue to exist in Iraq for the foreseeable future; 
(3) ISIS will attempt to rebuild combat power 
through clandestine networks providing sanctuary,
1253 
and ISIS will continue to attempt to conduct insur-
gent-type activities while simultaneously recruiting 
and training fighters, establishing facilitation net-
works, and attempting to remain relevant in the in-
formation domain; 
(4) the Ministry of Peshmerga forces of the 
Kurdistan Region of Iraq made significant contribu-
tions and sacrifices in the United States-led cam-
paign to degrade, dismantle, and destroy ISIS; and 
(5) the Department of Defense and the Depart-
ment of State should continue to work with and sup-
port the non-partisan forces of the Ministry of 
Peshmerga of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq in order 
to continue to develop their capabilities, promote se-
curity sector reforms, and enhance sustainability and 
interoperability with the other elements of the Iraqi 
security forces in order to provide for Iraq’s lasting 
security against terrorist threats. 
SEC. 1227. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORTING THE RE-
TURN AND REPATRIATION OF RELIGIOUS 
AND ETHNIC MINORITIES IN IRAQ TO THEIR 
ANCESTRAL HOMELANDS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) the Nineveh Plain and the wider region 
have been the ancestral homeland of Assyrian
1254 
Chaldean Syriac Christians, Yazidis, Shabak, and 
other religious and ethnic minorities, where they 
lived for centuries until the Islamic State of Iraq 
and Syria (ISIS) overran and occupied the area in 
2014; 
(2) in 2016, then-Secretary of State John 
Kerry announced, ‘‘In my judgment Daesh is re-
sponsible for genocide against groups in areas under 
its control, including Yezidis, Christians, and Shia 
Muslims. Daesh is genocidal by self-proclamation, by 
ideology, and by actions—in what it says, what it 
believes, and what it does. Daesh is also responsible 
for crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing di-
rected at these same groups and in some cases also 
against Sunni Muslims, Kurds, and other minori-
ties.’’; 
(3) these atrocities were undertaken with the 
specific intent to bring about the eradication and 
displacement of Christians, Yazidis, and other com-
munities and the destruction of their cultural herit-
age, in violation of the United Nations Convention 
on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of 
Genocide signed by the United States on December 
11, 1948;
1255 
(4) in 2016, the House of Representatives 
passed H. Con. Res. 75 expressing the sense of the 
House of Representatives that the atrocities per-
petrated by ISIS against religious and ethnic minori-
ties in Iraq and Syria include war crimes, crimes 
against humanity, and genocide; 
(5) through joint efforts of the United States 
and 79 allies and partners, ISIS has been terri-
torially defeated in Iraq and Syria; 
(6) in July 2018, under the direction of Vice 
President Pence, the Genocide Recovery and Perse-
cution Response Program partnered with the De-
partment of State, the United States Agency for 
International Development, and local faith and com-
munity leaders to rapidly and directly deliver aid to 
persecuted communities, beginning with Iraq; 
(7) Christians in Iraq once numbered over 1.5 
million in 2003 and have dwindled to less than 
200,000 today; 
(8) armed militia groups linked to Iran, oper-
ating systematically in Sinjar and the Nineveh 
Plains, have harassed and intimidated religious and 
ethnic minorities thereby destabilizing northern Iraq 
and preventing local and indigenous minorities to re-
turn to their homelands;
1256 
(9) Iraqi religious minorities have faced chal-
lenges in integrating into the Iraqi Security Forces 
and Kurdish Peshmerga; 
(10) over 500 acres of productive agricultural 
lands in eastern Ninevah Governate have been 
burned in cases of arson in May 2019 alone, de-
stroying significant wheat and barley cultivation 
areas; 
(11) these agricultural resources are critical to 
northern Iraq’s livelihood, especially that of minority 
populations, and continued crop arson prevents safe 
and prosperous return of minority populations as 
well as complicates stabilization efforts; and 
(12) facilitating the success of communities in 
Sinjar and the Nineveh Plains requires a commit-
ment from international, Iraqi, Kurdish, and local 
authorities, in partnership with local faith leaders, to 
promote the safety and security of all people, espe-
cially religious and ethnic minorities. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) it should remain a policy priority of the 
United States, working with international partners, 
the Government of Iraq, the Kurdistan Regional 
Government, and local populations, to support the
1257 
safe return of displaced indigenous people of the 
Nineveh Plain and Sinjar to their ancestral home-
land; 
(2) it should be a policy priority of the Govern-
ment of Iraq, the Kurdish Regional Government, the 
United States, and the international community to 
guarantee the restoration of fundamental human 
rights, including property rights, to genocide victims, 
and to see that ethnic and religious pluralism sur-
vives in Iraq; 
(3) Iraqi Security Forces and the Kurdish 
Peshmerga should work to more fully integrate all 
communities, including religious minority commu-
nities, to counter current and future terrorist 
threats; and 
(4) the United States, working with inter-
national allies and partners, should continue to lead 
coordination of efforts to provide for the safe return 
and future security of religious minorities in the 
Nineveh Plain and Sinjar. 
SEC. 1228. REPORT ON THE STATUS OF DECONFLICTION 
CHANNELS WITH IRAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit
1258 
to Congress a report on the status of deconfliction chan-
nels with Iran. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) The status of United States military-to-mili-
tary deconfliction channels with Iran to prevent mili-
tary and diplomatic miscalculation. 
(2) The status of United States diplomatic 
deconfliction channels with Iran to prevent mis-
calculation, define ambiguities, and correct mis-
understandings that could otherwise lead to unin-
tended consequences, including unnecessary or 
harmful military activity. 
(3) An analysis of the need and rationale for bi-
lateral and multilateral deconfliction channels, in-
cluding an assessment of recent United States expe-
rience with such channels of communication with 
Iran. 
SEC. 1229. PROHIBITION OF UNAUTHORIZED MILITARY 
FORCE IN OR AGAINST IRAN. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The acquisition by the Government of Iran 
of a nuclear weapon would pose a grave threat to 
international peace and stability and the national se-
1259 
curity of the United States and United States allies, 
including Israel. 
(2) The Government of Iran is a leading state 
sponsor of terrorism, continues to materially support 
the regime of Bashar al-Assad, and is responsible 
for ongoing gross violations of the human rights of 
the people of Iran. 
(3) Article I of the United States Constitution 
requires the President to obtain authorization from 
Congress before engaging in war with Iran. 
(b) CLARIFICATION OF CURRENT LAW.—Nothing in 
the Authorization for Use of Military Force (Public Law 
107–40; 50 U.S.C. 1541 note), the Authorization for Use 
of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 (Public 
Law 107–243; 50 U.S.C. 1541 note), or any other provi-
sion of law enacted before the date of the enactment of 
this Act may be construed to provide authorization for the 
use of military force against Iran. 
(c) PROHIBITION
OF
UNAUTHORIZED
MILITARY 
FORCE IN OR AGAINST IRAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (1), no Federal funds may be used for any 
use of military force in or against Iran unless Con-
gress has— 
(A) declared war; or
1260 
(B) enacted specific statutory authoriza-
tion for such use of military force after the date 
of the enactment of this Act that meets the re-
quirements of the War Powers Resolution (50 
U.S.C. 1541 et seq.). 
(2) EXCEPTION.—The prohibition under para-
graph (1) shall not apply to a use of military force 
that is consistent with section (2)(c) of the War 
Powers Resolution. 
(d) RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.—(1) Nothing in this 
section may be construed to prevent the President from 
using necessary and appropriate force to defend United 
States allies and partners if Congress enacts specific stat-
utory authorization for such use of force consistent with 
the requirements of the War Powers Resolution (50 
U.S.C. 1541 et seq.). 
(2) Nothing in this Act may be construed to relieve 
the executive branch of restrictions on the use of force, 
reporting, or consultation requirements set forth in the 
War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1541 et seq.). 
(3) Nothing in this Act may be construed to authorize 
the use of military force.
1261 
Subtitle D—Matters Relating to 
Russia 
SEC. 1231. PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF FUNDS TO SUS-
PEND, 
TERMINATE, 
OR 
WITHDRAW 
THE 
UNITED STATES FROM THE OPEN SKIES 
TREATY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Since 1992, the United States has sup-
ported the Open Skies Treaty with dedicated aircraft 
and observation mission teams, conducting several 
hundred training and observation missions with 
other countries. 
(2) This commitment by the United States has 
helped to confirm and refine operational procedures, 
to improve implementation and effectiveness of the 
Open Skies Treaty, and provide United States lead-
ership and engagement opportunities that have sup-
ported broader objectives and improved European 
transparency. 
(3) The Open Skies Treaty provides signatories 
with the ability to gather information through aerial 
imaging on military forces and activities of concern 
to them which contributes to greater transparency 
and stability in the Euro-Atlantic region, which ben-
1262 
efits both the United States and United States allies 
and partners. 
(4) In order to maximize United States benefits 
from the Open Skies Treaty, the United States 
needs to recapitalize and modernize its aircraft and 
sensors, and the ongoing work to certify the Digital 
Visual Imaging System and the new effort for the 
Open 
Skies 
Treaty 
Aircraft 
Recapitalization 
(OSTAR) are critical to United States leadership 
and involvement in the Treaty. 
(5) The current 1960s-era United States air-
craft used with respect to the Open Skies Treaty are 
ill-suited to extreme operating environments in Rus-
sia and experience regular, unplanned maintenance 
issues, often resulting in mission delays or cancella-
tions. 
(6) The OSTAR effort will provide a United 
States aircraft capability that allows the United 
States to fully implement the goals and objectives of 
the Open Skies Treaty. 
(7) The United States also demonstrated in De-
cember 2018, along with United States allies of 
Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, 
and Romania, that Open Skies Treaty mechanisms 
can be used during times of crisis.
1263 
(8) Following Russia’s unprovoked attack on 
Ukrainian vessels near the Kerch Strait, the United 
States and United States allies conducted an ‘‘ex-
traordinary’’ Open Skies Treaty observation mission 
over Ukraine to reaffirm commitment to Ukraine. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States should forcefully address 
Russian violations of its obligations under the Open 
Skies Treaty; and 
(2) due to the significant benefits that observa-
tion missions under the Open Skies Treaty provide 
to the United States and United States allies, the 
United States should commit to continued participa-
tion in the Treaty. 
(c) PROHIBITION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), none of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act or otherwise made available to 
the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2020 may 
be obligated or expended to take any action to sus-
pend, terminate, or withdraw the United States from 
the Open Skies Treaty. 
(2) EXCEPTION.—The prohibition in paragraph 
(1) shall not apply if the Secretary of Defense and
1264 
the Secretary of State jointly determine and certify 
to the congressional defense committees, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives, and the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate, that— 
(A) Russia is in material breach of its obli-
gations under the Open Skies Treaty and is not 
taking steps to return to compliance with such 
obligations, and all other state parties to the 
Open Skies Treaty concur in such determina-
tion of the Secretaries; or 
(B) withdrawing from the Open Skies 
Treaty would be in the best interests of United 
States national security and the other state 
parties to the Open Skies Treaty have been con-
sulted with respect to such withdrawal. 
(d) REPEAL OF LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS TO 
VOTE TO APPROVE OR OTHERWISE ADOPT ANY IMPLE-
MENTING DECISION OF THE OPEN SKIES CONSULTATIVE 
COMMISSION AND MODIFICATIONS TO REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 1236 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2491) is 
amended—
1265 
(A) by striking subsections (a) and (b); 
and 
(B) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), 
(e), and (f) as subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d), 
respectively. 
(2) MODIFICATIONS
TO
REPORT.—Subsection 
(a) of such section, as so redesignated, is amended— 
(A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘QUAR-
TERLY’’ and inserting ‘‘BI-ANNUAL’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘the Secretary of 
State,’’ before ‘‘the Secretary of Energy’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘quarterly basis’’ and 
inserting ‘‘bi-annual basis’’; 
(iii) by striking ‘‘by the Russian Fed-
eration over the United States’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘by all parties to the Open Skies Trea-
ty, including the United States, under the 
Treaty’’; and 
(iv) by striking ‘‘calendar quarter’’ 
and inserting ‘‘preceding 6-month period’’; 
and 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking subpara-
graphs (B), (C), and (D) and inserting the fol-
lowing:
1266 
‘‘(B) In the case of an observation flight 
by the United States, including an observation 
flight over the territory of Russia— 
‘‘(i) an analysis of data collected that 
supports United States intelligence and 
military collection goals; and 
‘‘(ii) an assessment of data collected 
regarding military activity that could not 
be collected through other means. 
‘‘(C) In the case of an observation flight 
over the territory of the United States— 
‘‘(i) an analysis of whether and the 
extent to which any United States critical 
infrastructure was the subject of image 
capture activities of such observation 
flight; 
‘‘(ii) an estimate for the mitigation 
costs imposed on the Department of De-
fense or other United States Government 
agencies by such observation flight; and 
‘‘(iii) assessment of how such informa-
tion is used by party conducting the obser-
vation flight, for what purpose, and how 
the information fits into the overall collec-
tion posture.’’.
1267 
(3) FORM.—Subsection (c) of such section, as 
so redesignated, is amended by striking ‘‘certifi-
cation, report, and notice’’ and inserting ‘‘report’’. 
(4) DEFINITIONS.—Subsection (d) of such sec-
tion, as so redesignated, is amended— 
(A) by striking paragraphs (3) and (6); 
and 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), 
and (7) as paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), respec-
tively. 
(e) OPEN SKIES: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.—Section 
1235(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1660) 
is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘during such fiscal year’’ 
and inserting ‘‘during a calendar year’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘the President submits’’ 
and all that follows and inserting ‘‘the Sec-
retary of Defense provides to the appropriate 
congressional committees a briefing on a plan 
described in paragraph (2) with respect to such 
calendar year.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘such fiscal 
year’’ and inserting ‘‘such calendar year’’; and
1268 
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘a fiscal year 
and submit the updated plan’’ and inserting ‘‘a cal-
endar year and provide a briefing on the updated 
plan’’. 
(f) DEFINITION OF OPEN SKIES TREATY; TREATY.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘Open Skies Treaty’’ or ‘‘Treaty’’ 
means the Treaty on Open Skies, done at Helsinki March 
24, 1992, and entered into force January 1, 2002. 
SEC. 1232. EXTENSION OF LIMITATION ON MILITARY CO-
OPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
AND RUSSIA. 
Section 1232(a) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 
Stat. 2488), is amended by striking ‘‘or 2019’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘, 2019, or 2020’’. 
SEC. 1233. PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RE-
LATING TO SOVEREIGNTY OF RUSSIA OVER 
CRIMEA. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available 
for fiscal year 2020 for the Department of Defense may 
be obligated or expended to implement any activity that 
recognizes the sovereignty of Russia over Crimea. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of State, may waive the re-
1269 
striction on the obligation or expenditure of funds required 
by subsection (a) if the Secretary— 
(1) determines that to do so is in the national 
security interest of the United States; and 
(2) submits a notification of the waiver, at the 
time the waiver is invoked, to the Committee on 
Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1234. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF UKRAINE SE-
CURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE. 
Section 1250 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1068) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘in coordina-
tion with the Secretary of State’’ and inserting 
‘‘with the concurrence of the Secretary of State’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘50 per-
cent of the funds available for fiscal year 2019 
pursuant to subsection (f)(4)’’ and inserting 
‘‘50 percent of the funds available for fiscal 
year 2020 pursuant to subsection (f)(5)’’;
1270 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘fiscal 
year 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2020’’; 
and 
(C) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘Of the 
funds available for fiscal year 2019 pursuant to 
subsection (f)(4)’’ and inserting ‘‘Of the funds 
available for fiscal year 2020 pursuant to sub-
section (f)(5)’’; and 
(3) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(5) For fiscal year 2020, $250,000,000.’’. 
SEC. 1235. REPORT ON TREATIES RELATING TO NUCLEAR 
ARMS CONTROL. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) On October 24, 2018, the House Committee 
on Armed Services and House Committee on For-
eign Affairs wrote to the Secretary of Defense re-
questing information regarding the Administration’s 
policies and strategies related to nuclear arms con-
trol. 
(2) The Committees did not receive the re-
quested information from the Secretary of Defense. 
(b) ASSESSMENT REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of
1271 
State and the Director of National Intelligence, shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Armed Services, the Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Armed Services, the Select Committee on 
Intelligence, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate an assessment that includes each of the fol-
lowing: 
(1) The implications, in terms of military threat 
to the United States or its allies in Europe, of Rus-
sian deployment of intermediate-range cruise and 
ballistic missiles without restriction. 
(2) What new capabilities the United States 
might need in order to pursue additional tech-
nologies or programs to offset such Russian capabili-
ties, and the costs associated with such capabilities, 
technologies, and programs. 
(3) An assessment of the threat to the United 
States of Russia’s strategic nuclear force in the 
event the New START Treaty lapses. 
(4) What measures could have been taken short 
of withdrawal, including economic, military, and dip-
lomatic options, to increase pressure on Russia for 
violating the INF Treaty.
1272 
(5) The status of all consultations with allies 
pertaining to the INF Treaty and the threat posed 
by Russian forces that are noncompliant with the 
obligations of such treaty. 
(6) The impact that Russian withdrawal from 
the INF Treaty and the expiration of the New 
START Treaty could have on long-term United 
States-Russia strategic stability. 
(c) WITHHOLDING OF FUNDS.—Until the date of the 
submission of the assessment required by subsection (b), 
an amount that is equal to 20 percent of the total amount 
authorized to be appropriated to the Office of the Sec-
retary of Defense under the Operations and Maintenance, 
Defense-Wide account for the travel of persons shall be 
withheld from obligation or expenditure. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) NEW
START
TREATY.—The term ‘‘New 
START Treaty’’ means the Treaty between the 
United States of America and the Russian Federa-
tion on Measures for the Further Reduction and 
Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed at 
Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force Feb-
ruary 5, 2011. 
(2) INF TREATY.—The term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ 
means the Treaty between the United States of
1273 
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 
on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and 
Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington De-
cember 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 
1988. 
SEC. 1236. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UPDATING AND MOD-
ERNIZING EXISTING AGREEMENTS TO AVERT 
MISCALCULATION 
BETWEEN 
THE 
UNITED 
STATES AND RUSSIA. 
It is the sense of Congress that, in order to strength-
en the defense of United States and its allies and partners 
in Europe and avert the risk of miscalculation and unin-
tended escalation that could lead to a broader and dan-
gerous military catastrophe, the Secretary of Defense and 
Secretary of State, in consultation with the commander 
of United States European Command and Assistant Sec-
retary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs, 
should— 
(1) pursue updating and modernizing the 
Agreement on the prevention of incidents on and 
over the high seas (entered into force with respect 
to the United States on May 25, 1972; 23 U.S.T. 
1063); 
(2) explore additional options to reduce the risk 
of accidents in the air; and
1274 
(3) explore the possibility of updating the noti-
fications in the Vienna Document of the Organiza-
tion for Security and Cooperation in Europe with a 
view to reducing the risk that the United States, the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or Russia 
might misinterpret a military exercise, including 
pursuing greater use of the Vienna Document’s pro-
vision that provides for voluntary hosting of visits 
that seek to dispel possible concern regarding mili-
tary activities. 
SEC. 1237. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR GEOR-
GIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Georgia is a valued friend of the United 
States and has repeatedly demonstrated its commit-
ment to advancing the mutual interests of both 
countries, including the deployment of Georgian 
forces as part of the former International Security 
Assistance Force (ISAF) and the current Resolute 
Support Mission led by the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization (NATO) in Afghanistan and the Multi- 
National Force in Iraq. 
(2) The European Deterrence Initiative builds 
the partnership capacity of Georgia so it can work
1275 
more closely with the United States and NATO, as 
well as provide for its own defense. 
(3) In addition to the European Deterrence Ini-
tiative, Georgia’s participation in the NATO initia-
tive Partnership for Peace is paramount to inter-
operability with the United States and NATO, and 
establishing a more peaceful environment in the re-
gion. 
(4) Despite the losses suffered, as a NATO 
partner, Georgia is committed to the Resolute Sup-
port Mission in Afghanistan with the fourth-largest 
contingent on the ground. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) reaffirms United States support for Geor-
gia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity within its 
internationally-recognized borders, and does not rec-
ognize the independence of the Abkhazia and South 
Ossetia regions currently occupied by the Russian 
Federation; and 
(2) supports continued cooperation between the 
United States and Georgia and the efforts of the 
Government of Georgia to provide for the defense of 
its people and sovereign territory.
1276 
SEC. 1238. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR ESTO-
NIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia, and 
Lithuania are highly valued allies of the United 
States, and they have repeatedly demonstrated their 
commitment to advancing our mutual interests as 
well as those of the NATO Alliance. 
(2) Operation Atlantic Resolve is a series of ex-
ercises and coordinating efforts demonstrating the 
United States’ commitment to its European partners 
and allies, including the Baltic countries of Estonia, 
Latvia, and Lithuania, with the shared goal of peace 
and stability in the region. Operation Atlantic Re-
solve strengthens communication and understanding, 
and is an important effort to deter Russian aggres-
sion in the region. 
(3) Through Operation Atlantic Resolve, the 
European Deterrence Initiative undertakes exercises, 
training, and rotational presence necessary to reas-
sure and integrate our allies, including the Baltic 
countries, into a common defense framework. 
(4) All three Baltic countries contributed to the 
NATO-led International Security Assistance Force 
in Afghanistan, sending troops and operating with 
few caveats. The Baltic countries continue to commit
1277 
resources and troops to the Resolute Support Mis-
sion in Afghanistan. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) reaffirms its support for the principle of col-
lective defense in Article 5 of the North Atlantic 
Treaty for our NATO allies, including Estonia, Lat-
via, and Lithuania; 
(2) supports the sovereignty, independence, ter-
ritorial integrity, and inviolability of Estonia, Latvia, 
and Lithuania as well as their internationally recog-
nized borders, and expresses concerns over increas-
ingly aggressive military maneuvering by the Rus-
sian Federation near their borders and airspace; 
(3) expresses concern over and condemns sub-
versive and destabilizing activities by the Russian 
Federation within the Baltic countries; and 
(4) encourages the Administration to further 
enhance defense cooperation efforts with Estonia, 
Latvia, and Lithuania and supports the efforts of 
their Governments to provide for the defense of their 
people and sovereign territory.
1278 
SEC. 1239. ANNUAL REPORT ON CYBER ATTACKS AND IN-
TRUSIONS AGAINST THE DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE BY CERTAIN FOREIGN ENTITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and each fiscal year 
thereafter through fiscal year 2023, the Secretary of De-
fense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report on cyber attacks and intrusions in the previous 
12 months by agents or associates of the Governments of 
the Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China, 
the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Democratic People’s 
Republic of Korea against or into— 
(1) the information systems (as such term is 
defined in section 3502 of title 44, United States 
Code) of— 
(A) the Department of Defense; and 
(B) any contractor of the Department of 
Defense that works on sensitive United States 
military technology; and 
(2) the personal communications of the per-
sonnel of the Department of Defense. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in classified form.
1279 
SEC. 1240. REPORT ON RUSSIAN MILITARY INVOLVEMENT 
IN THE AFRICOM AOR. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, 
in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall provide 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
military assistance provided by the Russian Federation or 
any private military corporations headquartered or reg-
istered in Russia to countries in the U.S. Africa Command 
(AFRICOM) Area of Responsibility (AOR). 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A description of all known bilateral agree-
ments between Russia and African governments ne-
gotiated since 2014, including military and technical 
cooperation, arms sales, and mineral exploration. 
(2) An analysis of any direct or indirect mili-
tary support Russia or private military corporations 
based in Russia are providing to non-state armed 
groups in Africa, including a description of the types 
of support. 
(3) A description of arms sales within the pre-
vious calendar year by the Russian defense sector to 
African countries, and an analysis of whether any of 
such arms sales constitute significant transactions 
within the meaning of section 231 of the Countering
1280 
America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act of 
2017 (22 U.S.C. 9525). 
(4) An analysis of the extent to which such 
arms sales may be in violation of United Nations Se-
curity Council-imposed arms embargoes in Africa, 
including with regard to South Sudan, the Demo-
cratic Republic of Congo, and the Central African 
Republic. 
(5) An analysis of Russian disinformation and 
propaganda operations in African countries, and the 
extent to which such operations pose a risk to 
United States interests in Africa. 
(6) A plan to counteract destabilizing Russian 
activities in Africa. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives.
1281 
SEC. 1240A. REPORTS RELATING TO THE NEW START TREA-
TY. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the United States should seek to extend the 
New START Treaty, from its initial termination date in 
February 2021 to February 2026, as provided for under 
Article XIV of the Treaty, unless— 
(1) the President determines and informs the 
appropriate congressional committees that Russia is 
in material breach of the Treaty; or 
(2) the Treaty is superseded by a new arms 
control agreement that provides equal or greater 
constraints, transparency, and verification measures 
with regard to Russia’s nuclear forces. 
(b) PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS TO WITHDRAW 
FROM THE NEW START TREATY.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available 
to the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2020 may 
be used to take any action to withdraw the United States 
from the New START Treaty, unless the President deter-
mines and so informs the appropriate congressional com-
mittees that Russia is in material breach of the Treaty. 
(c) ASSESSMENTS FROM DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL 
INTELLIGENCE.—
1282 
(1) RELATING TO EXPIRATION OF NEW START 
TREATY.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National 
Intelligence shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees an intelligence assessment based 
on all sources of the national security and intel-
ligence implications of the expiration of the New 
START Treaty without the United States and Rus-
sia having entered into a new arms control agree-
ment that provides equal or greater constraints, 
transparency, and verification measures with regard 
to Russia’s nuclear forces. The assessment shall be 
submitted in an unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex, and shall include the following 
elements: 
(A) A description of the size and posture 
of Russia’s nuclear forces, including strategic 
nuclear warheads and strategic delivery vehi-
cles, as well as predicted force levels through 
February 2026 under each of the following po-
tential scenarios: 
(i) The Treaty expires in February 
2026 without such a replacement agree-
ment.
1283 
(ii) The Treaty is extended until Feb-
ruary 2026. 
(B) A description of Russia’s likely re-
sponse to an expiration of the New START 
Treaty, including potential changes to Russia’s 
nuclear forces, conventional forces, as well as 
Russia’s willingness to negotiate an arms con-
trol agreement on Russian non-strategic or tac-
tical nuclear weapons, short-and-intermediate- 
range delivery systems, (including dual-capable 
and nuclear-only), and new strategic delivery 
systems (such as the kinds announced by Presi-
dent Putin on March 1, 2018) in the future. 
(C) An assessment of the strategic impact 
on United States and Russian strategic nuclear 
forces if the Treaty is not extended and such an 
agreement is not concluded, including the likeli-
hood that Russia pursues new strategic offen-
sive arms research and development programs. 
(D) An assessment of the potential quan-
tity of Russia’s new strategic delivery systems 
(such as the kinds announced by President 
Putin on March 1, 2018) between 2021 and 
2026, and the impact to strategic stability be-
1284 
tween Russia and the United States as related 
to Russia’s existing strategic forces. 
(E) An assessment of the impact on 
United States allies if the limitations on Rus-
sia’s nuclear forces are dissolved if the Treaty 
is not extended and such an agreement is not 
concluded. 
(F) A description of the verification and 
transparency benefits of the Treaty and a de-
scription of the Treaty’s impact on the United 
States’ understanding of Russia’s military and 
nuclear forces. 
(G) An assessment of how the United 
States’ confidence in its understanding of Rus-
sia’s strategic nuclear arsenal and future nu-
clear force levels would be impacted if the Trea-
ty is not extended and such an agreement is not 
concluded. 
(H) An assessment of what actions would 
be necessary for the United States to remediate 
the loss of the Treaty’s verification and trans-
parency benefits if the Treaty is not extended 
and such an agreement is not concluded, and 
an estimate of the remedial resources required
1285 
to ensure no concomitant loss of understanding 
of Russia’s military and nuclear forces. 
(2) RELATING TO RUSSIA’S WILLINGNESS TO 
ENGAGE
IN
NUCLEAR
ARMS
CONTROL
NEGOTIA-
TIONS.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National 
Intelligence shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees an intelligence assessment based 
on all sources of Russia’s willingness to engage in 
nuclear arms control negotiations and Russia’s pri-
orities in these negotiations. The assessment shall be 
submitted in an unclassified form but may contain 
a classified annex, and shall include the following 
elements: 
(A) An assessment of Russia’s willingness 
to extend the New START Treaty and its likely 
negotiating position to discuss such an exten-
sion with the United States. 
(B) An assessment of Russia’s interest in 
negotiating a broader arms control agreement 
that would include nuclear weapons systems not 
accountable under the New START Treaty, in-
cluding non-strategic nuclear weapons. 
(C) An assessment of what concessions 
Russia would likely seek from the United States
1286 
during such negotiations, including what addi-
tional United States’ military capabilities Rus-
sia would seek to limit, in any broader arms 
control negotiation. 
(d) REPORTS AND BRIEFING FROM SECRETARY OF 
STATE.— 
(1) RELATING TO NATO, NATO MEMBER COUN-
TRIES, AND OTHER UNITED STATES ALLIES.—Not 
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit a report, 
which shall be in an unclassified form but may con-
tain a classified annex, and provide a briefing to the 
appropriate 
congressional 
committees 
that 
in-
cludes— 
(A) an assessment of the likely reactions of 
the 
North 
Atlantic 
Treaty 
Organization 
(NATO), NATO member countries, and other 
United States allies to a United States decision 
not to extend the New START Treaty or enter 
into a new agreement with Russia to replace 
the Treaty that provides equal or greater con-
straints, transparency, and verification meas-
ures with regard to Russia’s nuclear forces; and
1287 
(B) a description of the consultations un-
dertaken with such allies in which the New 
START Treaty was raised, and the level of al-
lied interest in, recommendations on, or con-
cerns raised with respect to discussions between 
the United States and Russia relating to the 
Treaty and other related matters. 
(2) RELATING TO ONGOING IMPLEMENTATION 
OF THE NEW START TREATY.—Not later than 60 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
every 90 days thereafter until the New START 
Treaty is extended or expires, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit a report, which shall be in an unclassi-
fied form but may contain a classified annex, to the 
appropriate congressional committees with an as-
sessment of the following elements: 
(A) Whether the Russian Federation re-
mains in compliance with its obligations under 
the New START Treaty. 
(B) Whether implementation of the New 
START Treaty remains in the national security 
interest of the United States. 
(3) RELATING TO OTHER MATTERS.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this
1288 
Act, and every 180 days thereafter until the New 
START Treaty is extended or expires, the Secretary 
of State, in consultation with the Secretary of De-
fense, shall provide a briefing to the appropriate 
congressional committees that includes the following 
elements: 
(A) A description of any discussions with 
Russia on the Treaty or on a broader, multilat-
eral arms control treaty with Russia and other 
countries on the reduction and limitation of 
strategic offensive arms, and discussions ad-
dressing the disparity between the non-strategic 
nuclear weapons stockpiles of Russia and of the 
United States, at the Assistant Secretary level, 
Ambassadorial level, or higher. 
(B) The dates, locations, discussion topics, 
agenda, outcomes, and Russian interlocutors in-
volved in those discussions. 
(C) An identification of the United States 
Government departments and agencies involved 
in the discussions. 
(D) The types of systems, both nuclear 
and nonnuclear, discussed by either side in such 
discussions as the potential subjects of an 
agreement.
1289 
(E) Whether an offer of extension of the 
Treaty for any length of time, or to negotiate 
a new agreement, has been offered by either 
side. 
(e) REPORT AND BRIEFING FROM SECRETARY OF 
DEFENSE.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary 
of State, shall submit a report, which shall be in unclassi-
fied form but may contain a classified annex, and provide 
a briefing to the appropriate congressional committees 
that includes— 
(1) an assessment of the impact on the United 
States nuclear arsenal and posture of the expiration 
of the New START Treaty without the United 
States and Russia having entered into a new agree-
ment with Russia to replace the Treaty that provides 
equal or greater constraints, transparency, and 
verification measures with regard to Russia’s nuclear 
forces; 
(2) a description of the potential changes to the 
expected force structure of the Armed Forces to re-
spond to potential changes in Russia’s nuclear pos-
ture if the limitations in the Treaty are no longer in 
force, and in the absence of such a new bilateral or
1290 
multilateral agreement, and an estimation of ex-
pected costs necessary to make such changes to the 
force structure of the Armed Forces; 
(3) a description, to be submitted jointly with 
the Secretary of Energy, of potential changes to the 
modernization plan for the United States nuclear 
weapons complex, which anticipates the continued 
existence of the Treaty, if the Treaty is not extended 
or such a new bilateral or multilateral agreement is 
not concluded; 
(4) a description of the strategic impact on 
United States and Russian strategic nuclear forces 
if the Treaty is not extended or such a new bilateral 
or multilateral agreement is not concluded; and 
(5) a description of potential changes regarding 
United States nuclear weapons forward deployed to 
Europe and regarding the nuclear deterrent of the 
United Kingdom and France, if the Treaty is not ex-
tended or such a new bilateral or multilateral agree-
ment is not concluded. 
(f) PRESIDENTIAL CERTIFICATION IN ADVANCE OF 
EXPIRATION OF NEW START TREATY.—Not later than 
September 7, 2020, if the New START Treaty has not 
been extended, and if the United States and Russia have 
not entered into a new treaty to replace the New START
1291 
Treaty, the President shall submit a report, which shall 
be in an unclassified form but may contain a classified 
annex, to the appropriate congressional committees that 
contains the following elements— 
(1) an assessment as to whether the limits of 
the New START Treaty on Russia’s strategic nu-
clear forces advance United States national security 
interests; 
(2) an explanation of how the United States 
will address the imminent expiration of the New 
START Treaty, including— 
(A) a plan to extend the New START 
Treaty before it expires; 
(B) a plan to otherwise retain the Treaty’s 
limits on Russia’s nuclear forces; or 
(C) a plan to provide for the expiration of 
the Treaty, including— 
(i) a justification for why the expira-
tion of the Treaty is in the national secu-
rity interest of the United States; and 
(ii) a plan, including steps the United 
States military and the intelligence com-
munity will take before February 5, 2021, 
to account for the expiration of the Treaty 
and the failure to replace it with a new
1292 
agreement 
to 
maintain 
confidence 
in 
United States nuclear deterrence require-
ments and a similar level of confidence in 
intelligence information regarding Russia’s 
nuclear forces. 
(g) DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE REPORTING RE-
QUIREMENTS IN EVENT OF EXPIRATION OF NEW START 
TREATY.—If the New START Treaty expires before the 
United States and Russia enter into a new arms control 
agreement to replace the Treaty that provides equal or 
greater constraints, transparency, and verification meas-
ures with regard to the Russia’s nuclear forces, not later 
than 30 days after such expiration— 
(1) the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report de-
scribing changes to the expected force structure of 
the Armed Forces and estimating the expected costs 
necessary to make such changes; and 
(2) the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary 
of Energy shall jointly submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report— 
(A) describing the manner in which the 
current United States nuclear modernization 
plan, which anticipates the continued existence
1293 
of the Treaty, will be modified without the ex-
istence of the Treaty; and 
(B) including— 
(i) the information required to be sub-
mitted in the report required by section 
1043 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2012 (Public Law 
112–81; 125 Stat. 1576); 
(ii) a separate 10-year cost estimate 
from the Department of Defense to imple-
ment a nuclear sustainment plan; and 
(iii) a separate 10-year cost estimate 
from the Department of Energy to imple-
ment a nuclear sustainment and mod-
ernization plan. 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives; and
1294 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
(2) INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The term 
‘‘intelligence community’’ has the meaning given 
that term in section 3 of the National Security Act 
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 
(3) NEW START TREATY; TREATY.—The terms 
‘‘New START Treaty’’ and ‘‘Treaty’’ mean the 
Treaty between the United States of America and 
the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further 
Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive 
Arms, signed on April 8, 2010, and entered into 
force on February 5, 2011. 
SEC. 1240B. UNITED STATES ACTIONS RELATING TO RUS-
SIAN INTERFERENCE IN ELECTIONS FOR 
FEDERAL OFFICE. 
(a) PROHIBITION ON TRANSACTIONS RELATING TO 
NEW RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN DEBT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
shall issue regulations prohibiting United States per-
sons from engaging in transactions with, providing 
financing for, or in any other way dealing in Russian
1295 
sovereign debt that is issued on or after the date 
that is 180 days after such date of enactment. 
(2) RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN DEBT DEFINED.—For 
purposes of this subsection, the term ‘‘Russian sov-
ereign debt’’ means— 
(A) bonds issued by the Russian Central 
Bank, the Russian National Wealth Fund, the 
Russian Federal Treasury, or agents or affili-
ates of any such institution, with a maturity of 
more than 14 days; 
(B) new foreign exchange swap agreements 
with the Russian Central Bank, the Russian 
National Wealth Fund, or the Russian Federal 
Treasury, the duration of which agreement is 
longer than 14 days; and 
(C) any other financial instrument, the du-
ration or maturity of which is more than 14 
days, that the President determines represents 
the sovereign debt of Russia. 
(3) REQUIREMENT
TO
PROMPTLY
PUBLISH 
GUIDANCE.—The President shall concurrently pub-
lish guidance on the implementation of the regula-
tions issued pursuant to paragraph (1). 
(b) DETERMINATION OF RUSSIAN INTERFERENCE IN 
ELECTIONS FOR FEDERAL OFFICE.—
1296 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
an election for Federal office, the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence, in consultation with the Director 
of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Director 
of the National Security Agency, and the Director of 
the Central Intelligence Agency, shall— 
(A) determine whether or not the Govern-
ment of Russia, or any person acting as an 
agent of or on behalf of that government, know-
ingly engaged in interference in the election; 
and 
(B) submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees and leadership a report on 
that determination, including an identification 
of the government or person that interfered in 
the election if the Director determines that in-
terference did occur. 
(2) ADDITIONAL REPORTING.—If the Director 
of National Intelligence determines and reports 
under paragraph (1) that neither the Government of 
Russia nor any person acting as an agent of or on 
behalf of that government knowingly engaged in in-
terference in an election for Federal office, and the 
Director subsequently determines that such govern-
ment, or such a person, did engage in such inter-
1297 
ference, the Director shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees and leadership a report on 
the subsequent determination not later than 30 days 
after making that determination. 
(3) FORM OF REPORT.—Each report required 
by paragraph (1) or (2) shall be submitted in un-
classified form but may include a classified annex. 
(c) LIFTING THE PROHIBITION ON TRANSACTIONS 
RELATING TO NEW RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN DEBT.—The 
President shall immediately suspend the prohibition on 
transactions relating to Russian sovereign debt required 
under subsection (a) if, no later than 90 days after the 
date on which a report required under subsection (b) is 
submitted to the appropriate congressional committees 
and leadership and no later than 120 days after the most 
recent election for Federal office, whichever is sooner— 
(1) the Director of National Intelligence has in 
its report required under subsection (b) affirmatively 
determined that neither the Government of Russia, 
nor any person acting as an agent of or on behalf 
of that government, has knowingly engaged in inter-
ference in the most recent election for Federal office; 
and
1298 
(2) Congress has passed a joint resolution certi-
fying the determination of the Director of National 
Intelligence. 
(d) REIMPOSING
THE
PROHIBITION
ON
TRANS-
ACTIONS
RELATING
TO
NEW
RUSSIAN
SOVEREIGN 
DEBT.—The President shall immediately reimpose the 
prohibition on transactions relating to Russian sovereign 
debt required under subsection (a) if, after 90 days fol-
lowing the date on which a report required under sub-
section (b) is submitted to the appropriate congressional 
committees and leadership or 120 days following the most 
recent election for Federal office, whichever is sooner— 
(1) the Director of National Intelligence, in the 
report required under subsection (b), has not affirm-
atively determined that neither the Government of 
Russia, nor any person acting as an agent of or on 
behalf of that government, has knowingly engaged in 
interference in the most recent election for Federal 
office; or 
(2) Congress has failed to pass a joint resolu-
tion certifying the determination of the Director of 
National Intelligence in its report required under 
subsection (b) that neither the Government of Rus-
sia, nor any person acting as an agent of or on be-
1299 
half of that government, has knowingly engaged in 
interference in the most recent Federal election. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, the Committee on Finance, the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, and the Com-
mittee on Rules and Administration of the Sen-
ate; and 
(B) the Committee on Financial Services, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Ways and Means, the Permanent Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, and the Com-
mittee on House Administration of the House 
of Representatives. 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES
AND
LEADERSHIP.—The term ‘‘appropriate 
congressional committees and leadership’’ means— 
(A) the appropriate congressional commit-
tees; 
(B) the majority leader and minority lead-
er of the Senate; and
1300 
(C) the Speaker, the majority leader, and 
the minority leader of the House of Representa-
tives. 
(3) ELECTIONS
FOR
FEDERAL
OFFICE.—The 
term ‘‘elections for Federal office’’ has the meaning 
given such term in the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.), except that 
such term does not include a special election. 
(4) INTERFERENCE IN ELECTIONS FOR FED-
ERAL OFFICE.—The term ‘‘interference’’, with re-
spect to an election for Federal office: 
(A) Means any of the following actions of 
the government of a foreign country, or any 
person acting as an agent of or on behalf of 
such a government, undertaken with the intent 
to influence the election: 
(i) Obtaining unauthorized access to 
election and campaign infrastructure or re-
lated systems or data and releasing such 
data or modifying such infrastructure, sys-
tems, or data. 
(ii) Blocking or degrading otherwise 
legitimate and authorized access to election 
and campaign infrastructure or related 
systems or data.
1301 
(iii) Contributions or expenditures for 
advertising, including on the internet. 
(iv) Using social or traditional media 
to spread significant amounts of false in-
formation to individuals in the United 
States. 
(B) Does not include communications 
clearly attributable to news and media outlets 
which are publicly and explicitly either con-
trolled or in large part funded by the govern-
ment of a foreign country. 
(5) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with 
respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 
means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 
have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 
result. 
(6) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means an in-
dividual or entity. 
(7) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 
United States; or 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or of any jurisdiction within
1302 
the United States, including a foreign branch of 
such an entity. 
Subtitle E—Matters Relating to the 
Indo-Pacific Region 
SEC. 1241. MODIFICATION OF INDO-PACIFIC MARITIME SE-
CURITY INITIATIVE. 
(a) TYPES OF ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING.—Sub-
section (c)(2)(A) of section 1263 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (10 U.S.C. 2282 
note) is amended by inserting ‘‘the law of armed conflict, 
the rule of law, and’’ after ‘‘respect for’’. 
(b) NOTICE
TO CONGRESS
ON ASSISTANCE
AND 
TRAINING.—Subsection (g)(1) of such section is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subparagraph (A), by inserting at the 
end before the period the following: ‘‘, the specific 
unit or units whose capacity to engage in activities 
under a program of assistance or training to be pro-
vided under subsection (a) will be built under the 
program, and the amount, type, and purpose of the 
support to be provided’’; 
(2) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as sub-
paragraph (J); and 
(3) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the fol-
lowing new subparagraphs:
1303 
‘‘(F) Information, including the amount, 
type, and purpose, on assistance and training 
provided under subsection (a) during the three 
preceding fiscal years, if applicable. 
‘‘(G) A description of the elements of the 
theater campaign plan of the geographic com-
batant command concerned and the interagency 
integrated country strategy that will be ad-
vanced by the assistance and training provided 
under subsection (a). 
‘‘(H) A description of whether assistance 
and training provided under subsection (a) 
could be provided pursuant to— 
‘‘(i) section 333 of title 10, United 
States Code, or other security cooperation 
authorities of the Department of Defense; 
or 
‘‘(ii) security cooperation authorities 
of the Department of State. 
‘‘(I) An identification of each such author-
ity described in subparagraph (H).’’. 
(c) ANNUAL MONITORING REPORTS.—Such section 
is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (h) as sub-
section (j); and
1304 
(2) by inserting after subsection (g) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(h) ANNUAL MONITORING REPORTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 
31, 2019, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the appropriate committees 
of Congress a report setting forth, for the preceding 
calendar year, the following: 
‘‘(A) Information, by recipient foreign 
country, on the status of funds allocated for as-
sistance and training provided under subsection 
(a), including funds allocated but not yet obli-
gated or expended. 
‘‘(B) Information, by recipient foreign 
country, on the delivery and use of assistance 
and training provided under subsection (a). 
‘‘(C) Information, by recipient foreign 
country, on the timeliness of delivery of assist-
ance and training provided under subsection (a) 
as compared to the timeliness of delivery of as-
sistance and training previously provided to the 
foreign country under subsection (a). 
‘‘(2) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘appropriate
1305 
committees of Congress’ has the meaning given the 
term in subsection (g)(2).’’. 
(d) LIMITATIONS.—Such section, as so amended, is 
further amended by inserting after subsection (h), as 
added by subsection (c)(2), the following: 
‘‘(i) LIMITATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) ASSISTANCE OTHERWISE PROHIBITED BY 
LAW.—The Secretary of Defense may not use the 
authority in subsection (a) to provide any type of as-
sistance or training that is otherwise prohibited by 
any provision of law. 
‘‘(2) PROHIBITION ON ASSISTANCE TO UNITS 
THAT
HAVE
COMMITTED
GROSS
VIOLATIONS
OF 
HUMAN RIGHTS.—The provision of assistance and 
training pursuant to a program under subsection (a) 
shall be subject to the provisions of section 362 of 
title 10, United States Code. 
‘‘(3) ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND EVALUA-
TION OF PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES.—The provision 
of assistance and training pursuant to a program 
under subsection (a) shall be subject to the provi-
sions of section 383 of title 10, United States 
Code.’’. 
(e) REPORT.—
1306 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than January 31, 
2020, the Secretary of Defense, with the concur-
rence of the Secretary of State, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the implementation of the Indo-Pacific Maritime Se-
curity Initiative under section 1263 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, as 
amended by this section. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required by paragraph (1) shall include the fol-
lowing: 
(A) Objectives of the Initiative, including— 
(i) a discussion of United States secu-
rity requirements that are satisfied or en-
hanced under the Initiative; and 
(ii) an assessment of progress toward 
each such objective and the metrics used to 
assess such progress. 
(B) A discussion of how the Initiative re-
lates to, complements, or overlaps with other 
United States security cooperation and security 
assistance authorities. 
(C) A description of the process and cri-
teria by which the utilization of each such au-
1307 
thority or authorities described in subparagraph 
(B) is determined. 
(D) An assessment, by recipient foreign 
country, of— 
(i) the country’s capabilities relating 
to maritime security and maritime domain 
awareness; 
(ii) the country’s capability enhance-
ment priorities, including how such prior-
ities relate to the theater campaign strat-
egy, country plan, and theater campaign 
plan relating to maritime security and 
maritime domain awareness; 
(E) A discussion, by recipient foreign 
country, of— 
(i) priority capabilities that the De-
partment of Defense plans to enhance 
under the Initiative and priority capabili-
ties the Department plans to enhance 
under separate United States security co-
operation and security assistance authori-
ties; and 
(ii) the anticipated timeline for assist-
ance and training for each such capability.
1308 
(F) Information, by recipient foreign coun-
try, on the delivery and use of assistance and 
training provided under the Initiative. 
(G) Any other matters the Secretary of 
Defense determines should be included. 
(3) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form without 
any designation relating to dissemination control, 
but may include a classified annex. 
(4) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term 
‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1242. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF REPORT ON 
MILITARY AND SECURITY DEVELOPMENTS 
INVOLVING NORTH KOREA. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Subsection (a) of section 1236 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2012 (Public Law 112–81; 125 Stat. 1641) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘and November 1, 2017’’ and 
inserting ‘‘November 1, 2017, April 1, 2020, and 
April 1, 2021’’; and
1309 
(2) by inserting ‘‘(without any designation re-
lating to dissemination control)’’ after ‘‘unclassi-
fied’’. 
(b) ADDITIONAL MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Sub-
section (b) of such section is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraph (8) as para-
graph (9); and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(8) Developments in North Korea’s nuclear 
program, including the size and state of North Ko-
rea’s stockpile of nuclear weapons, its nuclear strat-
egy and associated doctrines, its civil and military 
production capacities, and projections of its future 
arsenals.’’. 
SEC. 1243. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS TO REDUCE THE 
TOTAL 
NUMBER 
OF 
MEMBERS 
OF 
THE 
ARMED FORCES SERVING ON ACTIVE DUTY 
WHO ARE DEPLOYED TO SOUTH KOREA. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act may be used to reduce the total number of mem-
bers of the Armed Forces serving on active duty who are 
deployed to South Korea below 28,500 unless the Sec-
retary of Defense first certifies to the congressional de-
fense committees the following:
1310 
(1) Such a reduction is in the national security 
interest of the United States and will not signifi-
cantly undermine the security of United States allies 
in the region. 
(2) The Secretary has appropriately consulted 
with allies of the United States, including South 
Korea and Japan, regarding such a reduction. 
SEC. 1244. REPORT ON DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND BURDEN- 
SHARING CONTRIBUTIONS OF JAPAN AND 
SOUTH KOREA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 2020, 
and March 1, 2021, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the direct, indirect, and burden-sharing contributions of 
Japan and South Korea to support overseas military in-
stallations of the United States and United States Armed 
Forces deployed to or permanently stationed in Japan and 
South Korea, respectively. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall include the following: 
(1) The benefits to United States national secu-
rity and regional security derived from the forward 
presence of United States Armed Forces in the 
Indo-Pacific region, including Japan and South 
Korea.
1311 
(2) For calendar year 2016 and each subse-
quent calendar year, a description of the one-time 
and recurring costs associated with the presence of 
United States Armed Forces in Japan and South 
Korea, including— 
(A) costs to relocate the Armed Forces 
within Japan and South Korea and to realign 
the Armed Forces from Japan and South 
Korea; 
(B) military personnel costs; 
(C) operation and maintenance costs; and 
(D) military construction costs. 
(3) A description of direct, indirect, and bur-
den-sharing contributions of Japan and South 
Korea, including— 
(A) contributions for labor costs associated 
with the presence of United States Armed 
Forces; 
(B) contributions to military construction 
projects of the Department of Defense, includ-
ing planning, design, environmental reviews, 
construction, construction management costs, 
rents on privately-owned land, facilities, labor, 
utilities, and vicinity improvements;
1312 
(C) contributions such as loan guarantees 
on public-private venture housing and payment- 
in-kind for facilities returned to Japan and 
South Korea; 
(D) contributions accepted for labor, logis-
tics, utilities, facilities, and any other purpose; 
and 
(E) other contributions as determined ap-
propriate by the Secretary. 
(4) The methodology and accounting procedures 
used to measure and track direct, indirect, and bur-
den-sharing contributions made by Japan and South 
Korea. 
(c) DESCRIPTION OF CONTRIBUTIONS IN UNITED 
STATES DOLLARS.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall describe the direct, indirect, and burden-sharing con-
tributions of Japan and South Korea in United States dol-
lars and shall specify the exchange rates used to determine 
the United States dollar value of such contributions. 
(d) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form without any des-
ignation relating to dissemination control, but may contain 
a classified annex.
1313 
(e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1245. REPORT ON STRATEGY ON THE PHILIPPINES. 
(a) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report describing the Department of Defense’s objectives 
and strategy for achieving such objectives with the Phil-
ippines. 
(b) ELEMENTS
OF STRATEGY.—The strategy re-
quired by subsection (b) shall include the following: 
(1) A description of the national security inter-
ests and objectives of the United States furthered by 
the Mutual Defense Treaty between the Republic of 
the Philippines and the United States of America. 
(2) A description of the regional security envi-
ronment, including an assessment of threats to 
United States national security interests and the
1314 
role of the Department of Defense in addressing 
such threats, including— 
(A) a description of security challenges 
detrimental to regional peace and global sta-
bility; 
(B) a description of violent extremist orga-
nizations present in the Philippines and the pri-
mary objectives of each such organization, in-
cluding— 
(i) an assessment of the size and ca-
pability of each such organization; 
(ii) an assessment of the transnational 
threat posed by each such organization; 
(iii) an assessment of recent trends in 
the capability and influence of each such 
organization; and 
(iv) a description of the metrics used 
to assess the capability and influence of 
each such organization. 
(3) A description of Department of Defense ob-
jectives with respect to the Philippines and the 
benchmarks for assessing progress towards such ob-
jectives. 
(4) An identification of all current and planned 
Department of Defense resources, programs, and ac-
1315 
tivities to support the strategy, including a review of 
the necessity of an ongoing named operation and the 
criteria used to determine such necessity. 
(5) An identification of all current and planned 
Department of Defense security cooperation and 
other support or assistance programs or activities in 
the Philippines, including— 
(A) a description of the purpose, objec-
tives, and type of training, equipment, or assist-
ance provided under each such program or ac-
tivity; 
(B) an identification of the lead agency re-
sponsible for each such program or activity; 
(C) an identification of the authority or 
authorities under which each such program or 
activity is conducted; 
(D) a description of the process and cri-
teria used to determine utilization between each 
such authority or authorities; 
(E) a description of how each such pro-
gram or activity advances United States na-
tional security interests as it relates to the De-
partment’s strategy on the Philippines; 
(F) an identification of the specific units of 
the Philippine national security forces to receive
1316 
training, equipment, or assistance under each 
such program; 
(G) a description of the process and cri-
teria by which specific units of the Philippine 
national security forces are selected as recipi-
ents of such programs and activities; 
(H) an assessment of the current oper-
ational effectiveness of such units and their 
command and control structures and a descrip-
tion of the metrics used to make and carry out 
such assessment; 
(I) an identification of priority capabilities 
of such units to enhance through training, 
equipment, or assistance under each such pro-
gram or activity; 
(J) a plan to monitor and assess each such 
program or activity to meet its objectives to en-
hance the capabilities of each such unit; 
(K) a description of the planned posture of 
United States Armed Forces and the planned 
level of engagement by such forces with ele-
ments of the Philippine national security forces; 
and 
(L) an identification of—
1317 
(i) units of the Philippine national se-
curity forces that are alleged or determined 
to have committed human rights abuses; 
and 
(ii) units of the Philippine national se-
curity forces that are under the command 
and control of any unit identified under 
clause (i) or otherwise associated with any 
such unit. 
(6) A description of relations of the Philippines 
with other countries in the Indo-Pacific region. 
(7) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
determines should be included. 
(c) FORM.—The strategy required by subsection (b) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form without any des-
ignation relating to dissemination control, but may contain 
a classified annex. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives.
1318 
SEC. 1246. MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL REPORT ON MILI-
TARY AND SECURITY DEVELOPMENTS IN-
VOLVING 
THE 
PEOPLE’S 
REPUBLIC 
OF 
CHINA. 
(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Subsection (a) of section 
1202 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2000 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by inserting 
‘‘, in consultation with the heads of other Federal depart-
ments and agencies as appropriate,’’ after ‘‘the Secretary 
of Defense’’. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Subsection (b) of 
such section is amended by striking paragraph (26) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(26) An assessment of Chinese overseas in-
vestment, including a state-owned or controlled dig-
ital or physical infrastructure project of China, and 
their relationship to Chinese security and military 
objectives, including implications for United States 
military or government interests related to denial of 
access, compromised intelligence activities, and net-
work advantages.’’. 
(c) SPECIFIED CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.—Sub-
section (c) of such section is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations’’ and inserting ‘‘, the
1319 
Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select 
Committee on Intelligence’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and the Com-
mittee on International Relations’’ and inserting ‘‘, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence’’. 
(d) OTHER
DEFINITIONS.—Such section, as so 
amended, is further amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub-
section (e); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) OTHER DEFINITIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In subsection (b)(26), the 
term ‘state-owned or controlled digital or physical 
infrastructure project of China’ means a transpor-
tation, energy, or information technology infrastruc-
ture project owned, controlled, under the direct or 
indirect influence of, or subsidized by the Govern-
ment of China, including any agency, instrumen-
tality, subdivision, or other unit of government at 
any level of jurisdiction. 
‘‘(2) OWNED; 
CONTROLLED.—In paragraph 
(1)—
1320 
‘‘(A) the term ‘owned’, with respect to a 
project, means a majority or controlling inter-
est, whether by value or voting interest, in that 
project, including through fiduciaries, agents, or 
other means; and 
‘‘(B) the term ‘controlled’, with respect to 
a project, means— 
‘‘(i) the power by any means to deter-
mine or influence, directly or indirectly, 
important matters affecting the project, re-
gardless of the level of ownership and 
whether or not that power is exercised; and 
‘‘(ii) any Chinese company operating 
in a sector identified as a strategic indus-
try in the Chinese Government’s ‘Made in 
China 2025’ strategy to make China a 
‘manufacturing power’ as a core national 
interest.’’. 
SEC. 1247. MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL REPORT ON MILI-
TARY AND SECURITY DEVELOPMENTS IN-
VOLVING 
THE 
PEOPLE’S 
REPUBLIC 
OF 
CHINA. 
(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Subsection (a) of section 
1202 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2000 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by inserting
1321 
‘‘, in consultation with the heads of other Federal depart-
ments and agencies as appropriate,’’ after ‘‘the Secretary 
of Defense’’. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Subsection (b) of 
such section is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(29) Developments relating to the China Coast 
Guard (in this paragraph referred to as the ‘CCG’), 
including an assessment of— 
‘‘(A) how the change in the CCG’s com-
mand structure to report to China’s Central 
Military Commission affects the CCG’s status 
as a law enforcement entity; 
‘‘(B) the implications of the CCG’s com-
mand structure with respect to the use of the 
CCG as a coercive tool in ‘gray zone’ activity in 
the East China Sea and the South China Sea; 
and 
‘‘(C) how the change in the CCG’s com-
mand structure may affect interactions between 
the CCG and the United States Navy. 
‘‘(30) An assessment of the nature of Chinese 
military relations with Russia, including what stra-
tegic objectives China and Russia share and are act-
ing on, and on what objectives they misalign.
1322 
‘‘(31) An assessment of— 
‘‘(A) China’s expansion of its surveillance 
state; 
‘‘(B) any correlation of such expansion 
with its oppression of its citizens and its threat 
to United States national security interests 
around the world; and 
‘‘(C) an overview of the extent to which 
such surveillance corresponds to the overall re-
spect, or lack thereof, for human rights.’’. 
(c) SPECIFIED CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.—Sub-
section (c) of such section is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations’’ and inserting ‘‘, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select 
Committee on Intelligence’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and the Com-
mittee on International Relations’’ and inserting ‘‘, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Perma-
nent Select Committee on Intelligence’’. 
SEC. 1248. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON TAIWAN. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the Taiwan Relations Act (22 U.S.C. 3301 
et seq.) and the ‘‘Six Assurances’’ are both corner-
stones of United States relations with Taiwan;
1323 
(2) the United States should continue to 
strengthen defense and security cooperation with 
Taiwan to support the development of capable, 
ready, and modern defense forces necessary for Tai-
wan to maintain a sufficient self-defense capability, 
including capabilities in support of an asymmetric 
defense strategy; 
(3) the United States should continue to sup-
port the acquisition by Taiwan of appropriate defen-
sive weapons through foreign military sales, direct 
commercial sales, and industrial cooperation, with a 
particular emphasis on asymmetric warfare, infor-
mation sharing, air defense, and maritime capabili-
ties, consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act; 
(4) the United States should improve the pre-
dictability of arms sales to Taiwan by ensuring time-
ly review of and response to requests of Taiwan for 
defense articles and defense services as well as time-
ly notification to Congress and adherence to congres-
sional oversight and review procedures; and 
(5) the Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, should promote policies 
concerning cooperation and exchanges that enhance 
the security of Taiwan, including exchanges between 
senior defense officials and general officers of the
1324 
United States and Taiwan consistent with the Tai-
wan Travel Act (Public Law 115–135). 
SEC. 1249. ENHANCING DEFENSE COOPERATION WITH 
SINGAPORE. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States Armed Forces and Singa-
porean armed forces have built a strong and endur-
ing security partnership based on long-standing and 
mutually beneficial cooperation; 
(2) security cooperation between the United 
States Armed Forces and Singaporean armed forces 
is crucial to promoting peace and stability in the 
Asia-Pacific region; 
(3) Singapore’s status as a major security co-
operation partner of the United States, as recog-
nized in the ‘‘2005 Strategic Framework Agreement 
between the United States and the Republic of 
Singapore for a Closer Partnership in Defense and 
Security’’, has an important role in the promotion of 
peace and stability, and global efforts to counter ter-
rorism; 
(4) Singapore’s provision of access to its mili-
tary facilities for the United States has supported 
the continued security presence of the United States 
in Southeast Asia;
1325 
(5) the Singaporean armed forces’ support of 
United States-led multinational reconstruction ef-
forts in Iraq from 2003 to 2008, reconstruction and 
stabilization efforts in Afghanistan from 2007 to 
2013, counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden 
under the ambit of Combined Task Force 151, and 
contribution of physical and military assets to the 
Defeat-ISIS Coalition since 2014, has contributed to 
global efforts to counter terrorism; 
(6) in recognition of the enduring security part-
nership between the United States and Singapore, 
the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Sec-
retary of Defense, should, in negotiating the renewal 
of the ‘‘1990 Memorandum of Understanding Re-
garding the United States Use of Facilities in Singa-
pore’’ that is due in 2020: 
(A) reinforce Singapore’s status as a major 
security cooperation partner of the United 
States; 
(B) enhance defense cooperation; and 
(C) increase interoperability between the 
United States Armed Forces and Singaporean 
armed forces to promote peace and stability in 
the Asia-Pacific region.
1326 
SEC. 1250. MODIFICATION OF REPORT RELATING TO EN-
HANCING 
DEFENSE 
AND 
SECURITY 
CO-
OPERATION WITH INDIA. 
Section 1292(a)(2) of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 
22 U.S.C. 2751 note) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (B)— 
(A) in clause (iv), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(B) in clause (v), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(vi) a description of defense coopera-
tion between the United States and India 
in the Western Indian Ocean, including— 
‘‘(I) a description of military ac-
tivities of the United States and 
India, separately, in the Western In-
dian Ocean; 
‘‘(II) a description of military co-
operation 
activities 
between 
the 
United States and India in the areas 
of humanitarian assistance, counter 
terrorism, counter piracy, maritime 
security, and other areas as the Sec-
retary determines appropriate;
1327 
‘‘(III) a description of how the 
relevant geographic combatant com-
mands coordinate their activities with 
the Indian military in the Western In-
dian Ocean; 
‘‘(IV) a description of the mecha-
nisms in place to ensure the relevant 
geographic 
combatant 
commands 
maximize defense cooperation with 
India in the Western Indian Ocean; 
and 
‘‘(V) areas of future opportunity 
to increase military engagement with 
India in the Western Indian Ocean.’’. 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(C) 
DEFINITIONS.—In 
subparagraph 
(B)(vi): 
‘‘(i) RELEVANT GEOGRAPHIC COMBAT-
ANT COMMANDS.—The term ‘relevant geo-
graphic combatant commands’ means the 
United 
States 
Indo-Pacific 
Command, 
United States Central Command, and 
United States Africa Command. 
‘‘(ii) WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN.—The 
term ‘Western Indian Ocean’ means the
1328 
area in the Indian Ocean extending from 
the west coast of India to the east coast of 
Africa.’’. 
SEC. 1250A. REPORT ON EXPANSION OF SECURITY CO-
OPERATION AND ASSISTANCE TO PACIFIC IS-
LAND COUNTRIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 31, 2020, 
the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State shall 
jointly submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the current status of security cooperation and 
assistance with Pacific Island countries and the feasibility 
of expanding such cooperation and assistance. At a min-
imum, the report shall include the following foreign coun-
tries: 
(1) Papua New Guinea. 
(2) Vanuatu. 
(3) The Solomon Islands. 
(4) Fiji. 
(5) The Federated States of Micronesia. 
(6) Palau. 
(7) Kiribati. 
(8) The Marshall Islands. 
(9) Nauru. 
(10) Tonga.
1329 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) should include the following: 
(1) An identification of elements of the theater 
campaign plan of the geographic combatant com-
mand concerned and the interagency integrated 
country strategy that will be advanced by expansion 
of security cooperation and assistance programs and 
activities with countries identified in subsection (a). 
(2) An assessment of each country’s capabili-
ties, a description of each country’s capability en-
hancement priorities, and a discussion of United 
States security cooperation and assistance authori-
ties (to include the Indo-Pacific Maritime Security 
Initiative under section 333 of title 10, United 
States Code, International Military Education and 
Training, Foreign Military Financing, International 
Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement, and the 
transfer of excess defense articles) and how such au-
thorities may be utilized to enhance the priority ca-
pabilities of each such country. 
(3) A description of absorption capacity and 
sustainability issues for each foreign country and a 
plan to resolve such issues.
1330 
(4) An identification of the estimated annual 
cost for such assistance and training for fiscal year 
2020 through fiscal year 2025. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and 
Related Programs of the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and 
Related Programs of the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1250B. REPORT ON FOREIGN MILITARY ACTIVITIES IN 
PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary 
of Defense for Intelligence, in coordination with the Direc-
tor of the Defense Intelligence Agency and the Director 
of National Intelligence, shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees a report specifying and analyzing— 
(1) strategic interests of foreign militaries in 
Pacific Island countries, known or emerging foreign
1331 
partnerships or alliances with non-Pacific Island 
countries, and foreign military training, exercises, or 
operations in the region, excluding with countries 
who are members of the Southeast Asia Treaty Or-
ganization; 
(2) gaps in intelligence collection capabilities 
and activities that prevent or may prevent a com-
prehensive understanding of current intelligence as-
sessments for Pacific Island countries; and 
(3) plans to overcome any current intelligence 
collection deficiencies, including an analysis of both 
United States and allied and partner intelligence col-
lection capabilities and activities. 
(b) PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRY DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘Pacific Island country’’ includes any of 
the following countries: The Republic of Fiji, the Republic 
Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Mi-
cronesia, the Republic of Nauru, the Republic of Palau, 
the Independent State of Samoa, the Solomon Islands, the 
Kingdom of Tonga, Tuvalu, and the Republic of Vanuatu. 
SEC. 1250C. REPORT ON ZTE COMPLIANCE WITH SUPER-
SEDING SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT AND SU-
PERSEDING ORDER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter,
1332 
the President shall submit to Congress a report on the 
compliance of Zhongxing Telecommunications Equipment 
Corporation (ZTE Corporation) and ZTE Kangxun Tele-
communications Ltd. (ZTE Kangxun) (collectively, 
‘‘ZTE’’) with the Superseding Settlement Agreement and 
Superseding Order reached with the Department of Com-
merce on June 8, 2018. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form and publicly acces-
sible, but may include a classified annex. 
SEC. 1250D. LIMITATION ON REMOVAL OF HUAWEI TECH-
NOLOGIES CO. LTD. FROM ENTITY LIST OF 
BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY. 
The Secretary of Commerce may not remove Huawei 
Technologies Co. Ltd. (in this section referred to as 
‘‘Huawei’’) from the entity list maintained by the Bureau 
of Industry and Security and set forth in Supplement No. 
4 to part 744 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, 
until the Secretary certifies to Congress that— 
(1) neither Huawei nor any senior officers of 
Huawei have engaged in actions in violation of sanc-
tions imposed by the United States or the United 
Nations in the 5-year period preceding the certifi-
cation;
1333 
(2) Huawei has not engaged in theft of United 
States intellectual property in that 5-year period; 
(3) Huawei does not pose an ongoing threat to 
United States telecommunications systems or critical 
infrastructure; and 
(4) Huawei does not pose a threat to critical in-
frastructure of allies of the United States. 
SEC. 1250E. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE ENDURING 
UNITED STATES COMMITMENT TO THE FREE-
LY ASSOCIATED STATES. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States has strong and enduring 
interests in the security and prosperity of Oceania 
and the Western Pacific region, including close rela-
tionships with the countries of Palau, the Marshall 
Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia, 
with whom the United States shares Compacts of 
Free Association; 
(2) the United States and the Freely Associated 
States share values including democracy and human 
rights, as well as mutual interest in a free, open and 
prosperous Indo-Pacific region; 
(3) the United States should expand support to 
the Freely Associated States on issues of concern, 
including climate change mitigation, protection of
1334 
the marine environment and maritime law enforce-
ment; 
(4) the United States should expeditiously begin 
negotiations on the renewal of the Compacts of Free 
Association and conclude such negotiations prior to 
the expiration of the current compacts in 2023 and 
2024; and 
(5) the United States honors the service of the 
men and women of the Freely Associated States who 
serve in the United States Armed Forces. 
SEC. 1250F. REPORT BY DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 
ON CERTAIN MILITARY CAPABILITIES OF 
CHINA AND RUSSIA. 
(a) REPORT.—The Director of the Defense Intel-
ligence Agency shall submit to the Secretary of Defense 
and the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the military capabilities of China and Russia. 
(b) MATTERS INCLUDED.—The report under sub-
section (a) shall include, with respect to the military of 
China and the military of Russia, the following: 
(1) An update on the presence, status, and ca-
pability of the military with respect to any national 
training centers similar to the Combat Training 
Center Program of the United States.
1335 
(2) An analysis of a readiness deployment cycle 
of the military, including— 
(A) as compared to such a cycle of the 
United States; and 
(B) an identification of metrics used in the 
national training centers of that military. 
(3) A comprehensive investigation into the ca-
pability and readiness of the mechanized logistics of 
the army of the military, including— 
(A) an analysis of field maintenance, 
sustainment maintenance, movement control, 
intermodal operations, and supply; and 
(B) how such functions under subpara-
graph (A) interact with specific echelons of that 
military. 
(4) An assessment of the future of mechanized 
army logistics of the military. 
(c) NONDUPLICATION OF EFFORTS.—The Defense 
Intelligence Agency may make use of or add to any exist-
ing reports completed by the Agency in order to respond 
to the reporting requirement under subsection (a). 
(d) FORM.—The report under subsection (a) may be 
submitted in classified form.
1336 
(e) BRIEFING.—The Director shall provide a briefing 
to the Secretary and the committees specified in sub-
section (a) on the report under such subsection. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence, and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1250G. REPORT ON CYBERSECURITY ACTIVITIES WITH 
TAIWAN. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a report on the 
following: 
(1) The feasibility of establishing a high-level, 
interagency United States-Taiwan working group for 
coordinating responses to emerging issues related to 
cybersecurity.
1337 
(2) A discussion of the Department of De-
fense’s current and future plans to engage with Tai-
wan in cybersecurity activities. 
(3) A discussion of obstacles encountered in 
forming, executing, or implementing agreements 
with Taiwan for cybersecurity activities. 
(4) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
determines should be included. 
SEC. 1250H. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES- 
INDIA DEFENSE RELATIONSHIP. 
It is the sense of Congress that the United States 
should strengthen and enhance its major defense partner-
ship with India and work toward the following mutual se-
curity and diplomatic objectives: 
(1) Expanding engagement in multilateral 
frameworks, including the quadrilateral dialogue 
among the United States, India, Japan, and Aus-
tralia, to promote regional security and defend 
shared values and common interests in the rules- 
based order. 
(2) Increasing the frequency and scope of ex-
changes between senior civilian officials and military 
officers of the United States and India to support 
the development and implementation of the major 
defense partnership.
1338 
(3) Exploring additional steps to implement the 
major defense partner designation to better facilitate 
interoperability, information sharing, and appro-
priate technology transfers. 
(4) Pursuing strategic initiatives to help develop 
the defense capabilities of India. 
(5) Conducting additional combined exercises 
with India in the Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean, and 
western Pacific regions. 
(6) Furthering cooperative efforts to promote 
stability and security in Afghanistan. 
SEC. 1250I. UNITED STATES-INDIA DEFENSE COOPERATION 
IN THE WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN. 
(a) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the relevant con-
gressional committees a report on defense coopera-
tion between the United States and India in the 
Western Indian Ocean. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report 
required by paragraph (1) shall include the fol-
lowing:
1339 
(A) A description of military activities of 
the United States and India, separately, in the 
Western Indian Ocean. 
(B) A description of military cooperation 
activities between the United States and India 
in the areas of humanitarian assistance, 
counterterrorism, counter piracy, maritime se-
curity, and other areas as the Secretary deter-
mines appropriate. 
(C) A description of how the relevant geo-
graphic combatant commands coordinate their 
activities with the Indian military in the West-
ern Indian Ocean. 
(D) A description of the mechanisms in 
place to ensure the relevant geographic combat-
ant commands maximize defense cooperation 
with India in the Western Indian Ocean. 
(E) A description of how the major defense 
partnership with India will be utilized to en-
hance cooperation with India in the Western In-
dian Ocean. 
(F) Areas of future opportunity to increase 
military engagement with India in the Western 
Indian Ocean.
1340 
(3) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
include a classified annex. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
RELEVANT
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘relevant congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
(2) RELEVANT GEOGRAPHIC COMBATANT COM-
MANDS.—The term ‘‘relevant geographic combatant 
commands’’ means the United States Indo-Pacific 
Command, United States Central Command, and 
United States Africa Command. 
(3) WESTERN
INDIAN
OCEAN.—The term 
‘‘Western Indian Ocean’’ means the area in the In-
dian Ocean extending from the west coast of India 
to the east coast of Africa.
1341 
SEC. 1250J. CHINESE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN 
COUNTRIES OF THE ARCTIC REGION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) China is projecting a physical presence in 
the Arctic through upgrading to advanced ice-
breakers, utilizing the Arctic Ocean more regularly 
through subsidizing arctic shipping, deploying un-
manned ice stations, and engaging in large and so-
phisticated data collection efforts in countries of the 
Arctic region, including Iceland, Greenland, and 
Canada. 
(2) The 2017 Center for Naval Analysis (CNA) 
report ‘‘Unconstrained Foreign Direct Investment: 
An Emerging Challenge to Arctic Security’’ con-
cluded that China has been actively engaged in 
economies of countries of the Arctic region. 
(3) The CNA report documented a pattern of 
strategic investment by China in the economies of 
countries of the Arctic region, including the United 
States, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and 
Russia, in areas such as raw land, oil and gas, min-
erals, and infrastructure. 
(4) Chinese investments in countries of the Arc-
tic region are significant. For instance, Chinese for-
eign direct investment constituted nearly 12 percent
1342 
of Greenland’s gross domestic product for the period 
from 2012 to 2017. 
(5) China’s 2018 Arctic Policy White Paper 
documented the Chinese intent to create a ‘‘Polar 
Silk Road’’ in the Arctic. 
(6) China’s ‘‘Polar Silk Road’’ is an extension 
of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). 
(7) China is increasingly using the BRI as the 
impetus for increasing People’s Liberation Army de-
ployments to regions where China has significant in-
vestments, primarily through BRI. 
(8) China has demonstrated an interest in 
using BRI to gain military access to strategic re-
gions. 
(9) Understanding how China’s foreign direct 
investment in countries of the Arctic region affects 
such countries is critical to understanding the degree 
to which China is able to access the region. 
(b) INDEPENDENT STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 45 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall seek to enter into a contract with a 
federally-funded research and development center 
described in paragraph (2) to complete an inde-
pendent study of Chinese foreign direct investment
1343 
in countries of the Arctic region, with a focus on the 
effects of such foreign direct investment on United 
States national security and near-peer competition 
in the Arctic region. 
(2) FEDERALLY-FUNDED RESEARCH AND DE-
VELOPMENT CENTER DESCRIBED.—A federally-fund-
ed research and development center described in this 
paragraph is a federally-funded research and devel-
opment center that— 
(A) has access to relevant data and dem-
onstrated data-sets regarding foreign direct in-
vestment in the Arctic region; and 
(B) has access to policy experts throughout 
the United States and the Arctic region. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—The study required by subsection 
(b) shall include the following: 
(1) Projects in the Arctic that are directly or 
indirectly funded by public and private Chinese enti-
ties, to— 
(A) build public infrastructure; 
(B) finance of infrastructure; 
(C) lease mineral and oil and gas leases; 
(D) purchase real estate; 
(E) extract or process, including smelting, 
minerals and oil and gas;
1344 
(F) engage in shipping or to own and oper-
ate or construct shipping infrastructure, includ-
ing ship construction; 
(G) lay undersea cables; and 
(H) manufacture, own or operate tele-
communications capabilities and infrastructure. 
(2) An analysis the legal environment in which 
Chinese foreign direct investment are occurring in 
the United States, Russia, Canada, Greenland, Nor-
way, and Iceland. The analysis should include— 
(A) an assessment of the efficacy of mech-
anisms for screening foreign direct investment 
in the United States, Russia, Canada, Green-
land, Norway, and Iceland; 
(B) an assessment of the degree to which 
there is transparency in Chinese foreign direct 
investment in countries of the Arctic region; 
(C) an assessment of the criteria used to 
assess potential Chinese foreign direct invest-
ment in countries of the Arctic region; 
(D) an assessment of the efficacy of meth-
ods for monitoring approved Chinese foreign di-
rect investment in countries of the Arctic re-
gion; and
1345 
(E) an assessment of public reporting of 
the decision to approve such Chinese foreign di-
rect investment. 
(3) A comparison of Chinese foreign direct in-
vestment in countries of the Arctic region to other 
countries with major investments in such countries, 
including India, Japan, South Korea, the Nether-
lands, and France. 
(4) An assessment of the environmental impact 
of past Chinese investments in oil and gas, mineral, 
and infrastructure projects in the Arctic region, in-
cluding the degree to which Chinese investors are re-
quired to comply with local environmental laws and 
post bonds to assure remediation if a project be-
comes bankrupt. 
(5) A review of the 2018 Chinese Arctic Policy 
and other relevant public and nonpublic Chinese pol-
icy documents to determine the following: 
(A) China’s strategic objectives in the Arc-
tic region from a military, economic, territorial, 
and political perspective. 
(B) China’s goals in the Arctic region with 
respect to its relations with the United States 
and Russia, including the degree to which ac-
tivities of China in the region are an extension
1346 
of China’s strategic competition with the United 
States. 
(C) Whether any active or planned infra-
structure investments are likely to result in a 
regular presence of Chinese military vessels or 
the establishment of military bases in the Arctic 
region. 
(D) The extent to which Chinese research 
activities in the Arctic region are a front for 
economic activities, including illegal economic 
espionage, intelligence gathering, and support 
for future Chinese military activities in the re-
gion. 
(E) The degree to which Arctic littoral 
states are susceptible to the political and eco-
nomic risks of unregulated foreign direct invest-
ment. 
(F) The vulnerability of semi-autonomous 
regions, such as tribal lands, to Chinese foreign 
direct investment, including the influence of 
legal controls and political or economic manipu-
lation with respect to such vulnerability. 
(G) The implications of China’s Arctic de-
velopment and participation model with respect
1347 
to forecasting China’s military, economy, terri-
torial, and political activities. 
(6) Policy and legislative recommendations to 
enhance the position of the United States in affairs 
of the Arctic region, including— 
(A) recommendations for how the United 
States would best interact with nongovern-
mental organizations such as the World Bank, 
Arctic Council, United Nations General Assem-
bly, and International Maritime Organization; 
(B) recommendation to pursue or not pur-
sue the formation of an Arctic Development 
Bank and, if pursued, how to organize, fund, 
and operate the bank; 
(C) measures the United States can take 
to promote regional governance and eliminate 
the soft-power influence from Chinese foreign 
direct investment, in particular, steps where the 
United States and Russia should cooperate; and 
(D) the possibility of negotiating a regional 
arrangement to regulate foreign direct invest-
ment in countries of the Arctic region. 
(d) REPORT TO DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.—Not 
later than 720 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the federally-funded research and development
1348 
center with respect to which the Secretary of Defense has 
entered into a contract under subsection (b) shall submit 
to the Secretary a report containing the study under sub-
sections (b) and (c). 
(e) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 750 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees the report under subsection (d), without 
change. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1250K. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON NORTH KOREA. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) diplomacy is essential to address the illegal 
nuclear program of North Korea;
1349 
(2) every effort should be made to avoid a mili-
tary confrontation with North Korea, as it would 
pose extreme risks to— 
(A) United States military personnel; 
(B) 
noncombatants, 
including 
United 
States citizens and citizens of United States al-
lies; and 
(C) regional security; 
(3) the United States should pursue a sustained 
and credible diplomatic process to achieve the 
denuclearization of North Korea and an end to the 
69-year-long Korean War; and 
(4) until such time as North Korea no longer 
poses a threat to the United States or United States 
allies, the United States should, in concert with such 
allies, continue to deter North Korea through cred-
ible defense and deterrence posture. 
Subtitle F—Matters Relating to 
Europe and NATO 
SEC. 1251. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF NATO SPE-
CIAL OPERATIONS HEADQUARTERS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—Subsection (a) of section 1244 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 Stat. 2541) is amended 
by striking ‘‘2020’’ and inserting ‘‘2023’’.
1350 
(b) REPEAL OF CERTIFICATION; LIMITATION.—Such 
section is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (c); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION.—Of the amounts made available 
under subsection (a) for fiscal year 2020, not more than 
90 percent of such amounts may be obligated or expended 
until the Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assist-
ant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low 
Intensity Conflict, submits to the congressional defense 
committees a report on the rearrangement of responsibil-
ities for overseeing and supporting NSHQ from U.S. Spe-
cial Operations Command to U.S. European Command in 
2019, including— 
‘‘(1) a justification and description of the im-
pact of such rearrangement; and 
‘‘(2) a description of how such rearrangement 
will strengthen the role of the NSHQ in fostering 
special operations capabilities within NATO.’’. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT.—Such section, as so amended, 
is further amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1 of 
each year until 2024, the Secretary of Defense shall sub-
1351 
mit to the congressional defense committees and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
a report regarding support for the NSHQ. Each report 
shall include the following: 
‘‘(1) The total amount of funding provided by 
the United States and other NATO nations to the 
NSHQ for operating costs of the NSHQ. 
‘‘(2) A description of the activities carried out 
with such funding, including— 
‘‘(A) the amount of funding allocated for 
each such activity; 
‘‘(B) the extent to which other NATO na-
tions participate in each such activity; 
‘‘(C) the extent to which each such activity 
is carried out in coordination or cooperation 
with the Joint Special Operations University; 
‘‘(D) the extent to which each such activity 
is carried out in relation to other security co-
operation activities, exercises, or operations of 
the Department of Defense; 
‘‘(E) the extent to which each such activity 
is designed to meet the purposes set forth in 
paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (b); 
and
1352 
‘‘(F) an assessment of the extent to which 
each such activity will promote the mission of 
the NSHQ. 
‘‘(3) Other contributions, financial or in kind, 
provided by the United States and other NATO na-
tions in support of the NSHQ. 
‘‘(4) Any other matters that the Secretary of 
Defense considers appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 1252. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF FUTURE 
YEARS PLAN AND PLANNING TRANSPARENCY 
FOR THE EUROPEAN DETERRENCE INITIA-
TIVE. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Section 1273(a) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 
(Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1696) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘the date of 
the enactment of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘the date 
of the enactment of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2020, and annually there-
after’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2) to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) APPLICABILITY.—The initial plan shall 
apply with respect to fiscal year 2021 and at least 
the four succeeding fiscal years and each subsequent 
plan shall apply with respect to the next subsequent
1353 
fiscal year and at least the four succeeding fiscal 
years.’’. 
(b) BUDGET
DISPLAY
INFORMATION.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall include in the materials submitted 
to Congress by the Secretary in support of the budget of 
the President for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year 
thereafter (as submitted under section 1105 of title 31, 
United States Code), a detailed budget display for the Eu-
ropean Deterrence Initiative that includes the following in-
formation (regardless of whether the funding line is for 
overseas contingency operations): 
(1) With respect to procurement accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, line number, line item, and line item 
title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative. 
(2) With respect to research, development, test, 
and evaluation accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, line number, program element, and 
program element title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative.
1354 
(3) With respect to operation and maintenance 
accounts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account title, 
budget activity title, line number, and sub-
activity group title; and 
(B) a description of how such amounts will 
specifically be used. 
(4) With respect to military personnel ac-
counts— 
(A) amounts displayed by account, budget 
activity, budget subactivity, and budget sub-
activity title; and 
(B) a description of the requirements for 
each such amounts specific to the Initiative. 
(5) With respect to each project under military 
construction accounts (including with respect to un-
specified minor military construction and amounts 
for planning and design), the country, location, 
project title, and project amount by fiscal year. 
SEC. 1253. PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN DETERRENCE INI-
TIATIVE 
FUNDS 
FROM 
DIVERSION 
FOR 
OTHER PURPOSES. 
(a) REPORT ON OBLIGATION OF FUNDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days after 
any 
obligation 
of 
funds 
in 
an 
amount 
of
1355 
$10,000,000 or more for the European Deterrence 
Initiative for fiscal year 2020 and each fiscal year 
thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report on 
that obligation of such funds for that fiscal year. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Each report 
under paragraph (1) shall specify— 
(A) the activities and forms of assistance 
for which the Secretary obligated such funds; 
and 
(B) the amount of the obligation. 
(b) END OF FISCAL YEAR REPORT.—Not later than 
November 30, 2020, and annually thereafter, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that contains— 
(1) a detailed summary of funds obligated for 
the European Deterrence Initiative for the preceding 
fiscal year; and 
(2) a detailed comparison of funds obligated for 
the European Deterrence Initiative for the preceding 
fiscal year to amounts requested for the Initiative 
for that fiscal year in the materials submitted to 
Congress by the Secretary in support of the budget 
of the President for that fiscal year as required by 
section 1252(b), including with respect to each of
1356 
the accounts described in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), 
(4), and (5) of section 1252(b) and the information 
required under each such paragraph. 
SEC. 1254. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON UNITED STATES 
MILITARY INVESTMENT IN EUROPE. 
It is the policy of the United States to develop, imple-
ment, and sustain a credible deterrent against aggression 
and long-term strategic competition by the Government of 
Russia in order to enhance regional and global security 
and stability, including by the following: 
(1) Increased United States presence in Eu-
rope, including additional permanently stationed 
forces, continued rotational deployments, increased 
pre-positioned military equipment, and sufficient and 
necessary infrastructure additions and improvements 
throughout Europe. 
(2) Planning regarding the United States mili-
tary footprint in Europe to recognize the essential 
role played by United States allies and partners in 
establishing deterrence and advancing regional and 
global security and stability. 
(3) Commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization (NATO) and its founding values and 
commitments by NATO allies to the common de-
fense, including NATO goals regarding defense in-
1357 
vestments, and to NATO’s founding principles of de-
mocracy, individual liberty, and the rule of law. 
(4) Planning to ensure the United States mili-
tary footprint in Europe is holistic and geographi-
cally appropriate for a comprehensive response to 
the challenges posed by the Government of Russia 
across numerous European fronts. 
(5) Commitment to United States Government 
investment and prioritization of efforts in Europe, 
particularly through efforts led by the Department 
of State, to counter the Government of Russia’s 
global campaign to interfere in and undermine 
democratic systems of government, elections, values, 
and institutions, and disrupt United States alliances 
and partnerships, through indirect action (such as 
information operations intended to influence), in-
cluding robust information sharing and cooperation 
with partners and allies to counter influence cam-
paigns and sufficient cyber, counter-messaging, and 
intelligence resources. 
(6) Planning to take into account the impor-
tance of strategic stability, arms control, and stra-
tegic dialogue as they contribute to United States 
national security, collective defense, and regional 
and global security.
1358 
(7) Encouraging increased communication by 
NATO officials, to raise awareness of the Alliance’s 
mission, efforts, and concerns achieved by actively 
engaging with Congress and the executive branch. 
SEC. 1255. LIMITATION ON TRANSFER OF F–35 AIRCRAFT 
TO TURKEY. 
(a) LIMITATION.—Except as provided in subsection 
(b), no funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise 
made available to the Department of Defense for fiscal 
year 2020 may be obligated or expended— 
(1) to transfer, facilitate the transfer, or au-
thorize the transfer of, any F–35 aircraft or related 
support equipment or parts to Turkey; 
(2) to transfer intellectual property, technical 
data, or material support necessary for or related to 
any maintenance or support of the F–35 aircraft 
necessary to establish Turkey’s indigenous F–35 ca-
pability; or 
(3) to construct a storage facility for, or other-
wise facilitate the storage in Turkey of, any F–35 
aircraft transferred to Turkey. 
(b) EXCEPTION.—The Secretary of Defense, jointly 
with the Secretary of State, may waive the limitation 
under subsection (a) only if such Secretaries submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a written certifi-
1359 
cation that contains a determination of such Secretaries, 
and any relevant documentation that forms the basis for 
the determination, that— 
(1) the Government of Turkey has provided 
credible assurances that Turkey will not accept de-
livery of the S–400 air and missile defense system 
from Russia; or 
(2) if the Government of Turkey has previously 
accepted delivery of the S–400 air and missile de-
fense system from the Russia, the Government of 
Turkey— 
(A) no longer possesses the S–400 air and 
missile defense system or any other equipment, 
materials, or personnel associated with such 
system; and 
(B) has provided credible assurances that 
it will not in the future accept delivery of the 
S–400 air and missile defense system. 
(c) APPLICABILITY.—The limitation under subsection 
(a) does not apply with respect to F–35 aircraft operated 
by the United States Armed Forces. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means—
1360 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(2) TRANSFER.—The term ‘‘transfer’’ includes, 
with respect to an F–35 aircraft, the physical reloca-
tion of the F–35 aircraft outside of the United 
States. 
SEC. 1256. REPORT ON VALUE OF INVESTMENTS IN DUAL 
USE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS BY NATO 
MEMBER STATES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than June 1, 2020, the 
Secretary of Defense, jointly with the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the value of investments in dual use infrastruc-
ture projects by the member states of the North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization (NATO) in order to improve military 
mobility and interoperability across Europe. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall include the following: 
(1) The value to collective deterrence provided 
by investments in dual use infrastructure projects by 
the member states of NATO in order to meet the
1361 
military mobility goals set out at the 2018 NATO 
Summit in Brussels. 
(2) An assessment of proposed dual use infra-
structure projects for NATO. 
(3) A assessment of proposed of dual use infra-
structure projects with respect to which the United 
States can provide support, including a rec-
ommended prioritization of such projects. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(2) DUAL USE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS.— 
The term ‘‘dual use infrastructure projects’’ means 
those projects identified by the European Commis-
sion Action Plan on Military Mobility as necessary 
to improve the trans-European transport network
1362 
(TEN-T) to meet the military requirements for mili-
tary mobility within and beyond the European 
Union. 
SEC. 1257. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR POLAND. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) Poland has been a valued member of the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) since 
1999 and an important ally of the United States, 
contributing to the collective defense of NATO allies 
and deterrence in Europe. 
(2) Poland has made significant contributions 
of forces to United States and NATO-led military 
operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, Kosovo, and coun-
tering the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. 
(3) Poland contributed at least 2 percent of its 
gross domestic product to defense spending in 2018, 
meeting its commitment under the Wales Declara-
tion. 
(4) Poland currently hosts on a rotational basis 
United States forces from the Armored Combat Bri-
gade Team, a Combat Aviation Brigade, a NATO 
enhanced Forward Presence Battalion, and a U.S. 
Aegis Ashore missile defense site.
1363 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States reaffirms its support for 
the principle of collective defense in Article 5 of the 
North Atlantic Treaty for its NATO allies, including 
Poland; 
(2) the United States appreciates the important 
role that Poland plays in NATO efforts to sustain 
credible deterrence in Europe; 
(3) the United States supports continued de-
fense cooperation and continued exploration of op-
portunities for joint military cooperation, infrastruc-
ture enhancement, and defense investment with Po-
land; and 
(4) the current and planned projects in Poland 
funded by the European Deterrence Initiative should 
be fully implemented in order to support existing 
and future United States military activity. 
SEC. 1258. EUROPEAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR COUN-
TERING HYBRID THREATS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Of the amounts authorized to be 
appropriated by this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
provide $2,000,000 for the European Center of Excellence 
for Countering Hybrid Threats (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘Center’’) to—
1364 
(1) enhance the ability of military forces and ci-
vilian personnel of countries participating in the 
Center to engage in joint hybrid warfare exercises or 
coalition or international military operations; and 
(2) improve interoperability between the armed 
forces and the military forces of friendly foreign 
countries in the area of hybrid warfare. 
(b) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall— 
(1) certify to the Committee on Armed Services 
of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services 
of the House of Representatives that the Secretary 
of Defense has assigned executive agent responsibil-
ities for the Center to an appropriate organization 
within the Department of Defense; and 
(2) detail the steps being undertaken to 
strengthen the role of the Center in fostering hybrid 
warfare defense capabilities and coordination within 
NATO and the European Union. 
(c) FUNDING.— 
(1) INCREASE.—Notwithstanding the amounts 
set forth in the funding tables in division D, the 
amount authorized to be appropriated in section 301 
for operation and maintenance, Defense-wide, as
1365 
specified in the corresponding funding table in sec-
tion 4301, for Office of the Secretary of Defense, is 
hereby increased by $2,000,000. 
(2) OFFSET.—Notwithstanding the amounts set 
forth in the funding tables in division D, the amount 
authorized to be appropriated in section 201 for re-
search, development, test, and evaluation, as speci-
fied in the corresponding funding table in section 
4201, for Advanced Innovative Technology, is hereby 
reduced by $2,000,000. 
SEC. 1259. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EUROPEAN INVEST-
MENTS IN NATIONAL SECURITY. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO) is central to United States-European de-
fense matters; and 
(2) military cooperation and coordination in 
Europe among NATO member countries should 
complement NATO efforts and not detract from 
NATO military system interoperability and burden 
sharing among NATO allies.
1366 
SEC. 1260. BRIEFING ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PRO-
GRAM TO PROTECT UNITED STATES STU-
DENTS AGAINST FOREIGN AGENTS. 
Not later than 240 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
a briefing to the congressional defense committees on the 
program described in section 1277 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 
115–91), including an assessment on whether the program 
is beneficial to students interning, working part time, or 
in a program that will result in employment post-gradua-
tion with Department of Defense components and contrac-
tors. 
SEC. 1260A. NATO SUPPORT ACT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that: 
(1) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO), which came into being through the North 
Atlantic Treaty, which entered into force on April 4, 
1949, between the United States of America and the 
other founding members of the North Atlantic Trea-
ty Organization, has served as a pillar of inter-
national peace and stability, a critical component of 
United States security, and a deterrent against ad-
versaries and external threats. 
(2) The House of Representatives affirmed in 
H. Res. 397, on June 27, 2017, that—
1367 
(A) NATO is one of the most successful 
military alliances in history, deterring the out-
break of another world war, protecting the ter-
ritorial integrity of its members, and seeing the 
Cold War through to a peaceful conclusion; 
(B) NATO remains the foundation of 
United States foreign policy to promote a Eu-
rope that is whole, free, and at peace; 
(C) the United States is solemnly com-
mitted to the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion’s principle of collective defense as enumer-
ated in Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty; 
and 
(D) the House of Representatives— 
(i) strongly supports the decision at 
the NATO Wales Summit in 2014 that 
each alliance member would aim to spend 
at least 2 percent of its nation’s gross do-
mestic product on defense by 2024; 
(ii) condemns any threat to the sov-
ereignty, territorial integrity, freedom and 
democracy of any NATO ally; and 
(iii) welcomes the Republic of Monte-
negro as the 29th member of the NATO 
Alliance.
1368 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States— 
(1) to remain a member in good standing of 
NATO; 
(2) to reject any efforts to withdraw the United 
States from NATO, or to indirectly withdraw from 
NATO by condemning or reducing contributions to 
NATO structures, activities, or operations, in a 
manner that creates a de facto withdrawal; 
(3) to continue to work with NATO members to 
meet their 2014 Wales Defense Investment Pledge 
commitments; and 
(4) to support robust United States funding for 
the European Deterrence Initiative, which increases 
the ability of the United States and its allies to 
deter and defend against Russian aggression. 
(c) PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF FUNDS TO WITH-
DRAW FROM NATO.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, no funds are authorized to be appropriated, 
obligated, or expended to take any action to withdraw the 
United States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at 
Washington, DC on April 4, 1949, between the United 
States of America and the other founding members of the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
1369 
SEC. 1260B. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF SECURITY 
ASSISTANCE FOR BALTIC COUNTRIES FOR 
JOINT PROGRAM FOR INTEROPERABILITY 
AND DETERRENCE AGAINST AGGRESSION. 
(a) ADDITIONAL MAJOR DEFENSE ARTICLES AND 
SERVICES.—Subsection (c) of section 1279D of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (22 
U.S.C. 2753 note) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
inserting ‘‘major’’ before ‘‘defense articles and serv-
ices’’; 
(2) in paragraph (5), by inserting ‘‘major’’ be-
fore ‘‘defense articles and services’’; 
(3) by redesignating paragraph (5), as so 
amended, as paragraph (6); and 
(4) by inserting after paragraph (4) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(5) Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnais-
sance equipment.’’. 
(b) FUNDING.—Subsection (f) of such section 1279D 
is amended— 
(1) 
in 
paragraph 
(2), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$100,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$125,000,000’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
1370 
‘‘(3) MATCHING AMOUNT.—The amount of as-
sistance provided under subsection (a) for procure-
ment described in subsection (b) may not exceed the 
aggregate amount contributed to such procurement 
by the Baltic nations.’’. 
(c) EXTENSION.—Subsection (g) of such section 
1279D is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2021’’. 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (b) of 
such section 1279D is amended by inserting ‘‘major’’ be-
fore ‘‘defense articles and services’’ each place it appears. 
(e) REPORT ON USE OF FUNDING AUTHORITY.—Not 
later than January 1, 2021, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
that includes the following: 
(1) Whether the authority to provide assistance 
pursuant to section 1279D was used in the previous 
calendar year. 
(2) A description of the manner in which funds 
made available for assistance through such author-
ity, if any, were used during such year. 
(3) Whether alternative sources of funding exist 
to provide the assistance described in section 1279D.
1371 
(4) Whether any alternative authorities exist 
under which the Secretary can provide such assist-
ance. 
Subtitle G—Other Matters 
SEC. 1261. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES PART-
NERS AND ALLIES. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) United States partners and allies are crit-
ical to achieving United States national security in-
terests and defense objectives around the world; 
(2) strong military-to-military relationships with 
partners and allies have helped to solidify and un-
dergird the post-World War II international order 
and enhanced the United States’ security through 
common defense; and 
(3) the United States should pursue a long- 
term policy to strengthen existing military-to-mili-
tary relationships and cooperation with partners and 
allies to achieve mutual objectives, and build new re-
lationships based on common values and shared in-
terests.
1372 
SEC. 1262. MODIFICATION TO REPORT ON LEGAL AND POL-
ICY FRAMEWORKS FOR THE USE OF MILI-
TARY FORCE. 
Section 1264 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 
1689) is amended— 
(1) in the heading for subsection (a), by strik-
ing ‘‘INITIAL’’ and inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act’’ and in-
serting ‘‘March 1 of each year’’; 
(3) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ‘‘during the 
period’’ and all that follows to the end and inserting 
‘‘from the preceding year, including— 
‘‘(A) a list of all foreign forces, irregular 
forces, groups, or individuals for which a deter-
mination has been made that force could legally 
be used under the Authorization for Use of 
Military Force (Public Law 107–40), includ-
ing— 
‘‘(i) the legal and factual basis for 
such determination; and 
‘‘(ii) a description of whether force 
has been used against each such foreign 
force, irregular force, group, or individual; 
and
1373 
‘‘(B) the criteria and any changes to the 
criteria for designating a foreign force, irreg-
ular force, group, or individual as lawfully tar-
getable, as a high value target, and as formally 
or functionally a member of a group covered 
under the Authorization for Use of Military 
Force.’’; and 
(4) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the 
following: ‘‘The unclassified portion of each report 
shall, at a minimum, include each change made to 
the legal and policy frameworks during the pre-
ceding year and the legal, factual, and policy jus-
tifications for such changes, and shall be made avail-
able to the public at the same time it is submitted 
to the appropriate congressional committees.’’. 
SEC. 1263. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF CERTAIN 
FUNDS UNTIL REPORT SUBMITTED ON DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE AWARDS AND DIS-
CIPLINARY ACTION AS A RESULT OF THE 2017 
INCIDENT IN NIGER. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this 
Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2020 for 
Operation and Maintenance, Defense-Wide, Office of the 
Secretary of Defense, for Travel of Persons, not more than 
80 percent of such funds may be obligated or expended
1461 
the United States, or other applicable international 
obligations. 
(d) PENALTIES.—Any person that violates, attempts 
to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this 
section or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry 
out subsection (c) shall be subject to the penalties set forth 
in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an 
unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section. 
(e) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exercise 
all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section and shall 
issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are nec-
essary to carry out this section. 
(f) WAIVER.—The President may annually waive the 
application of sanctions imposed on a foreign person pur-
suant to subsection (b) if the President— 
(1) determines that a waiver with respect to 
such foreign person is in the national interest of the 
United States; and 
(2) not later than the date on which such waiv-
er will take effect, submits to the following commit-
tees notice of and justification for such waiver:
1524 
(A) the requirements for such satellite, in-
cluding operational requirements; 
(B) timelines for such procurement and 
launch; 
(C) costs for such procurement and launch; 
and 
(D) the launch plan. 
(3) PROCEDURES.—The Director shall ensure 
that the satellite under paragraph (1) is procured 
using full and open competition through the use of 
competitive procedures. 
(b) AIR FORCE.—The Secretary of the Air Force 
shall ensure that the electro-optical/infrared weather sys-
tem satellite— 
(1) meets space-based environmental moni-
toring mission requirements; 
(2) is procured using full and open competition 
through the use of competitive procedures; and 
(3) is launched not later than September 30, 
2025. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and
1555 
(3) The term ‘‘Defense Intelligence Enterprise’’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 
1633(c)(2) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 
Stat. 2600). 
(4) The term ‘‘intelligence collections capabili-
ties and activities’’ means the totality of intelligence 
collections systems and processes which enable the 
tasking, processing, exploitation, and dissemination 
capabilities, capacity, and activities of the Defense 
Intelligence Enterprise. 
(5) The term ‘‘intelligence community’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 3 of the National 
Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 
(6) The term ‘‘congressional intelligence com-
mittees’’ has the meaning given that term in section 
3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
3003). 
SEC. 1613. MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL AUTHORIZATION OF 
APPROPRIATIONS FOR NATIONAL FLAGSHIP 
LANGUAGE INITIATIVE. 
Section 811(a) of the David L. Boren National Secu-
rity Education Act of 1991 (50 U.S.C. 1911(a)) is amend-
ed—
1664 
(b) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES.—Using amounts 
appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropria-
tions in section 2204(a) and available for military con-
struction projects outside the United States as specified 
in the funding table in section 4601, the Secretary of the 
Navy may acquire real property and carry out military 
construction projects for the installations or locations out-
side the United States, and in the amounts, set forth in 
the following table: 
Navy: Outside the United States 
Country 
Installation or Location 
Amount 
Japan .........................
Fleet Activities Yokosuka ............................
$174,692,000 
Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni ..............
$15,870,000 
SEC. 2202. FAMILY HOUSING. 
Using amounts appropriated pursuant to the author-
ization of appropriations in section 2204(a) and available 
for military family housing functions as specified in the 
funding table in section 4601, the Secretary of the Navy 
may carry out architectural and engineering services and 
construction design activities with respect to the construc-
tion or improvement of family housing units in an amount 
not to exceed $5,863,000. 
SEC. 2203. IMPROVEMENTS TO MILITARY FAMILY HOUSING 
UNITS. 
Subject to section 2825 of title 10, United States 
Code, and using amounts appropriated pursuant to the