I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 6306 
To increase penalties for the commission of financial crimes using artificial 
intelligence. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
NOVEMBER 25, 2025 
Mr. LIEU (for himself and Mr. DUNN of Florida) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 
A BILL 
To increase penalties for the commission of financial crimes 
using artificial intelligence. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘AI Fraud Deterrence 
Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) Scammers are using AI to impersonate sen-
ior U.S. government officials. 
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(2) In May 2025, hackers breached the per-
sonal cellphone of White House Chief of Staff Susie 
Wiles and used AI to impersonate her voice in calls 
and messages to senators, governors, business lead-
ers, and other high-level contacts. 
(3) In July 2025, AI was used to impersonate 
Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s voice in calls to 
three foreign ministers, a Member of Congress, and 
a Governor, with the apparent aim of obtaining sen-
sitive information and access to accounts. 
SEC. 
3. 
FINANCIAL 
CRIMES 
AND 
ARTIFICIAL 
INTEL-
LIGENCE. 
(a) MAIL FRAUD.—Section 1341 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$1,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$2,000,000’’; and 
(2) by inserting after the period at the end the 
following: ‘‘If the violation is committed with the as-
sistance of artificial intelligence, such person shall be 
fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not 
more than 20 years, or both.’’. 
(b) WIRE FRAUD.—Section 1343 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$1,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$2,000,000’’; and 
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(2) by inserting after the period at the end the 
following: ‘‘If the violation is committed with the as-
sistance of artificial intelligence, such person shall be 
fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not 
more than 20 years, or both.’’. 
(c) BANK FRAUD.—Section 1344 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘Whoever knowingly’’ and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Whoever knowingly’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.—Whoever commits 
subsection (a) with the assistance of artificial intelligence 
shall be fined not more than $2,000,000 or imprisoned 
not more than 30 years, or both.’’. 
(d) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DEFINED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 1346 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(A) by amending the section heading to 
read as follows: ‘‘Definitions’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘chapter, the term’’ and 
inserting the following: ‘‘chapter— 
‘‘(1) the term’’; 
(C) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
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(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) the term ‘artificial intelligence’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 5002 of the Na-
tional Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020.’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions for chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code, 
is amended by striking the item relating to section 
1346 and inserting the following: 
‘‘1346. Definitions.’’. 
(e) MONEY LAUNDERING.—Section 1956 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the continuation text following para-
graph (1)(B)(ii), by inserting after ‘‘or both’’ 
the following: ‘‘, or, in the case that such viola-
tion is committed with the assistance of artifi-
cial intelligence, shall be fined not more than 
$1,000,000 or thrice the value of the monetary 
instrument or funds involved in the transaction, 
whichever is greater, or imprisoned for not 
more than 20 years, or both’’; 
(B) in the continuation text following para-
graph (2)(B)(ii), by inserting after ‘‘or both’’ 
the following: ‘‘, or, in the case that such viola-
tion is committed with the assistance of artifi-
cial intelligence, shall be fined not more than 
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