databases of registered sex offenders in a form simi-
lar to the requirement of the Nevada law described 
in paragraph (2). The Government Accountability 
Office shall use the information drawn from this 
survey, along with other expert sources, to determine 
what the potential costs to the States would be if 
such a Federal law came into effect, and what level 
of Federal grants would be required to prevent an 
unfunded mandate. In addition, the Government Ac-
countability Office shall seek the views of Federal 
and State law enforcement agencies, including in 
particular the Federal Bureau of Investigation, with 
regard to the anticipated effects of such a national 
requirement, including potential for undesired side 
effects in terms of actual compliance with this Act 
and related laws. 
(2) Not later than October 2006, the Govern-
ment Accountability Office shall complete a study to 
evaluate the provisions of Chapter 507 of Statutes 
of Nevada 2005 to determine— 
(A) if those provisions are effective in in-
creasing the registration compliance rates of sex 
offenders;
(B) the aggregate direct and indirect costs 
for the state of Nevada to bring those provi-
sions into effect; and 
(C) whether those provisions should be 
modified to improve compliance by registered 
sex offenders. 
Subtitle B—Criminal Law Enforce-
ment of Registration Require-
ments 
SEC. 151. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 18, UNITED STATES 
CODE, RELATING TO SEX OFFENDER REG-
ISTRATION. 
(a) CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR NONREGISTRATION.— 
Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by in-
serting after chapter 109A the following: 
‘‘CHAPTER 109B—SEX OFFENDER AND 
CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN REGISTRY 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘2250. Failure to register. 
‘‘§ 2250. Failure to register 
‘‘Whoever is required to register under the Sex Of-
fender Registration and Notification Act and— 
‘‘(1) is a sex offender as defined for the pur-
poses of that Act by reason of a conviction under 
Federal law; or
‘‘(2) thereafter travels in interstate or foreign 
commerce, or enters or leaves, or resides in, Indian 
country; 
and knowingly fails to register as required shall be fined 
under this title and imprisoned not less than 5 years nor 
more than 20 years.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of chapters 
for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to chapter 109A the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘109B. Sex offender and crimes against children registry 2250’’. 
(c) FALSE STATEMENT OFFENSE.—Section 1001(a) 
of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following: ‘‘If the matter relates to an offense 
under chapter 109A, 109B, 110, or 117, or section 1591, 
then the term of imprisonment imposed under this section 
shall be not less than 5 years nor more than 20 years.’’. 
(d) PROBATION.—Paragraph (8) of section 3563(a) 
of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(8) for a person required to register under the 
Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, that 
the person comply with the requirements of that 
Act; and’’. 
(e) SUPERVISED RELEASE.—Section 3583 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended—
(1) in subsection (d), in the sentence beginning 
with ‘‘The court shall order, as an explicit condition 
of supervised release for a person described in sec-
tion 4042(c)(4)’’, by striking ‘‘described in section 
4042(c)(4)’’ and all that follows through the end of 
the sentence and inserting ‘‘required to register 
under the Sex Offender Registration and Notifica-
tion Act that the person comply with the require-
ments of that Act.’’. 
(2) in subsection (k)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘2244(a)(1), 2244(a)(2)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘2243, 2244, 2245, 2250’’; 
(B) by inserting ‘‘not less than 5,’’ after 
‘‘any term of years’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: ‘‘If 
a defendant required to register under the Sex 
Offender Registration and Notification Act vio-
lates the requirements of that Act or commits 
any criminal offense for which imprisonment for 
a term longer than one year can be imposed, 
the court shall revoke the term of supervised re-
lease and require the defendant to serve a term 
of imprisonment under subsection (e)(3) with-
out regard to the exception contained therein. 
Such term shall be not less than 5 years, and