•HCON 13 IH 
decorated officer who served for more than 35 years and 
became the first Black general in the Air Force; 
Whereas during World War II, the 6888 (known as the ‘‘Six 
Triple Eights’’), the first all-woman Black Postal Bat-
talion who served in England and then France, were 
given the daunting task of clearing out a 2-year backlog 
of over 90,000 pieces of mail, succeeded in their mission, 
completed it in 3 months, and went on to make a positive 
impact on racial integration in the military; 
Whereas during World War II, the Army’s 92nd Infantry Di-
vision, better known as the ‘‘Buffalo Soldiers’’, which 
traces its direct lineage back to the 9th and 10th Cavalry 
units from 1866 to the early 1890s, was the only Black 
segregated unit to experience combat during the Italian 
campaign of 1944–1945 with several members later earn-
ing Medals of Honor for bravery; 
Whereas Reverend Benjamin Hooks, who served in the 92nd 
Division, found himself in the humiliating position of 
guarding Italian prisoners of war who were allowed to eat 
in restaurants that were off-limits to him; 
Whereas even after President Truman issued Executive 
Order 9981 desegregating the military on July 26, 1948, 
discrimination continued; 
Whereas in 1946, when Charles and Medgar Evers tried to 
register to vote, they were turned away at the polling sta-
tion; 
Whereas after serving overseas in the Army, Charles and 
Medgar Evers returned home to Mississippi where, in 
1952, they began to organize voter registration drives for 
the National Association for the Advancement of Colored 
People (NAACP); 
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•HCON 13 IH 
Whereas Oliver L. Brown, a World War II Army veteran 
from Kansas, and Harry Briggs, a World War II sailor 
from South Carolina, were the fathers of two of the five 
named plaintiffs in Brown v. Board of Education of To-
peka and Briggs v. Elliott, the historic school desegrega-
tion cases of 1954; 
Whereas the Black heroes and heroines of World War II and 
the Korean War, such as Private Sarah Keys and Wom-
en’s Army Corps (WAC) officer Dovey Roundtree, won 
significant victories against discrimination in interstate 
transportation in landmark civil rights cases, including 
Keys v. Carolina Coach Company, which was decided in 
1955, six days before Rosa Parks’ historic protest of Ala-
bama’s Jim Crow laws in Montgomery; 
Whereas in his address at Riverside Church on April 4, 1967, 
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., commented on the irony of 
Blacks fighting in Vietnam to guarantee liberties in 
Southeast Asia while not enjoying the same rights at 
home; 
Whereas Black veterans who were in the forefront of the 
leadership of the Civil Rights Movement, with their 
strong resolve to address the paradox of military service 
abroad and the denial of basic rights at home, brought 
deeper meaning to the word ‘‘democracy’’, and through 
their example, transformed the face of the United States; 
Whereas the Black veterans of the Nation’s wars sowed the 
seeds for today’s bountiful harvest through the Niagara 
Movement, the NAACP, and the latter-day Civil Rights 
Movement, all of which share a common ancestry in the 
Civil War, without which there would be no Civil Rights 
Movement and no equal rights for all Americans; and 
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•HCON 13 IH 
Whereas today, Black veterans suffer at a disproportionate 
rate from chronic illnesses and homelessness and are 
plagued by health disparities: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 
concurring), That Congress recognizes— 
(1) the difficult challenges Black veterans faced 
when returning home after serving in the Armed 
Forces, their heroic military sacrifices, and their pa-
triotism in fighting for equal rights and for the dig-
nity of a people and a Nation; and 
(2) the need for the Department of Veterans 
Affairs to continue to work to eliminate any health 
and benefit disparities for our Nation’s minority vet-
erans. 
Æ 
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