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section 238 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2016. 
(F) The ‘‘Report on Alternative Capabili-
ties to Procure and Sustain Nonstandard Ro-
tary 
Wing 
Aircraft 
Historically 
Procured 
Through Rosoboronexport’’ described under sec-
tion 1249 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2016. 
(G) The report described under section 
843 of the Ike Skelton National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011, relating 
to rare earth materials critical to national secu-
rity. 
(H) The ‘‘Biennial Report on Nuclear 
Triad’’ described under section 1054 of the Ike 
Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2011. 
(I) The ‘‘Report on Solid Rocket Motor In-
dustrial Base’’described under section 1050 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
cal Year 2008. 
(J) The ‘‘Assessment of United States De-
fense Industrial Base Capabilities’’ described 
under section 812 of the National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004. 
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(K) The report related to ‘‘Monitoring and 
Enforcement of Mitigation Agreements Related 
to Foreign Investment in the United States’’ 
described under House Report 113-102. 
(L) The additive manufacturing rec-
ommendation described in House Report 113- 
446. 
(M) The ‘‘Assessment of the directed en-
ergy industrial base’’ described in House Report 
114-102. 
(b) COMPREHENSIVE
DATABASE
OF
PROPOSED 
TRANSACTIONS OR PURCHASES IN THE DEFENSE INDUS-
TRIAL BASE INVOLVING A FOREIGN PERSON.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT
AND
MAINTENANCE
OF 
DATABASE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The President shall es-
tablish and keep current a database of proposed 
transactions that would result in all of, a sub-
stantial part of, or a controlling interest in, a 
U. S. corporation, or the U. S. assets of a for-
eign corporation, being owned or controlled by 
a foreign person, in the defense industrial base 
and any manufacturing or intellectual property 
related to the defense industrial base. 
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(B) 
CONFIDENTIALITY
OF
INFORMA-
TION.—Except as provided under subparagraph 
(C), the President shall ensure that the infor-
mation contained in the database is kept con-
fidential. 
(C) ACCESS TO DATABASE.—The President 
shall— 
(i) ensure that access to information 
in the database is strictly controlled; 
(ii) make the database available to the 
Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 
Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the 
Attorney General, the Secretary of Home-
land Security, the Director of National In-
telligence, and the National Security Agen-
cy, with such limitations as the President 
may determine appropriate; 
(iii) require that records are kept each 
time a person accesses information in the 
database; and 
(iv) require that any person receiving 
information from the database continues to 
preserve the confidentiality of the informa-
tion. 
(2) MANDATORY FILING REQUIREMENT.— 
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(A) IN
GENERAL.—With respect to any 
proposed transaction described under paragraph 
(1)(A), the proposed purchaser and proposed 
seller in such proposed transaction shall file, 
and keep current, a report with the database 
containing a description of the proposed trans-
action. 
(B) ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR PRO-
POSED TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING A FOREIGN 
GOVERNMENT-CONTROLLED CORPORATION.—If, 
with respect to proposed transaction described 
in subparagraph (A), any foreign person is a 
foreign government-controlled corporation, the 
report required under subparagraph (A) shall 
also disclose whether such foreign government- 
controlled corporation is— 
(i) a Chinese corporation; 
(ii) a Russian corporation; 
(iii) an Iranian corporation; or 
(iv) a North Korean corporation. 
(C) CIVIL PENALTY.—Any person who will-
fully violates a provision of this paragraph shall 
be fined not more than $100,000 per violation. 
(c) DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE TECHNOLOGIES 
CONTROLLED.— 
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(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of 
Congress that statutes and mechanisms to control 
the export of critical technologies or related intellec-
tual property must be kept up-to-date, reflecting 
changes in the defense industrial base, technology, 
and the global market, in order to adequately pro-
tect United States national security. 
(2) REPORT.—Annually, until September 30, 
2023, before March 31, the President shall deliver to 
the appropriate congressional committees a report 
describing any need for reforms of policies governing 
the export of technology or related intellectual prop-
erty, along with any proposed legislative changes the 
President believes are necessary. 
(d) SEPARATE REPORTS REQUIRED.—The reports 
required under subsections (a)(1) and (c)(2) may be 
issued concurrently, but shall be issued as separate re-
ports. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means the Committee on Armed Services, 
the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representa-
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tives and the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-
fairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
(2) DATABASE.—The term ‘‘database’’ means 
the database established pursuant to subsection 
(b)(1)(A). 
(3) DEFENSE
INDUSTRIAL
BASE.—The term 
‘‘defense industrial base’’ shall have the meaning 
given the term ‘‘national technology and industrial 
base’’ within the context of section 2503 of title 10, 
United States Code. 
(4) 
DEFINITIONS
RELATED
TO
CORPORA-
TIONS.— 
(A) CORPORATION.—The term ‘‘corpora-
tion’’ means a corporation, partnership, or 
other organization. 
(B) FOREIGN
CORPORATION.—The term 
‘‘foreign corporation’’ means a corporation or-
ganized under the laws of a foreign country. 
(C) U.S. CORPORATION.—The term ‘‘U.S. 
corporation’’ means a corporation organized 
under the laws of the United States. 
SEC. 1080. FEDERAL CHARTER FOR SPIRIT OF AMERICA. 
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Part B of subtitle II of title 
36, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after chapter 2003 the following new chapter: 
‘‘CHAPTER 2005—SPIRIT OF AMERICA 
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘200501. Organization. 
‘‘200502. Purposes. 
‘‘200503. Powers. 
‘‘200504. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status. 
‘‘200505. Annual report. 
‘‘§ 200501. Organization 
‘‘(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Spirit of America (in this 
chapter ‘the corporation’), a nonprofit corporation, is a 
federally chartered corporation. 
‘‘(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation 
does not comply with the provisions of this chapter, the 
charter granted by this chapter expires. 
‘‘(c) SCOPE OF CHARTER.—Nothing in the charter 
granted by this chapter shall be construed as conferring 
special rights or privileges upon the corporation, or as 
placing upon the Department of Defense any obligation 
with respect to the corporation. 
‘‘§ 200502. Purposes 
‘‘The purposes of the corporation are as provided in 
its constitution and bylaws and include the following patri-
otic, charitable, and inspirational purposes: 
‘‘(1) To respond to the needs of local popu-
lations abroad, as identified by members of the 
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Armed Forces and diplomats of the United States 
abroad. 
‘‘(2) To provide privately-funded humanitarian, 
economic, and other nonlethal assistance to address 
such needs. 
‘‘(3) To support the safety and success of mem-
bers of the Armed Forces and diplomats of the 
United States abroad. 
‘‘(4) To connect the people of the United States 
more closely to the members of the Armed Forces 
and diplomats of the United States abroad, and to 
the missions carried out by such personnel abroad. 
‘‘(5) To demonstrate the goodwill of the people 
of the United States to peoples around the world. 
‘‘§ 200503. Powers 
‘‘The corporation may— 
‘‘(1) adopt and amend a constitution, by-laws, 
and regulations to carry out the purposes of the cor-
poration; 
‘‘(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal; 
‘‘(3) establish and maintain offices to conduct 
its activities; 
‘‘(4) enter into contracts; 
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‘‘(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and trans-
fer property as necessary and appropriate to carry 
out the purposes of the corporation; 
‘‘(6) establish, regulate, and discontinue subor-
dinate State and territorial subdivisions and local 
chapters or posts; 
‘‘(7) publish a magazine and other publications 
(including through the Internet); 
‘‘(8) sue and be sued; and 
‘‘(9) do any other act necessary and proper to 
carry out the purposes of the corporation as pro-
vided in its constitution, by-laws, and regulations. 
‘‘§ 200504. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status 
‘‘If the corporation fails to maintain its status as an 
organization exempt from taxation under the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986, the charter granted under this 
chapter shall terminate. 
‘‘§ 200505. Annual report 
‘‘The corporation shall submit an annual report to 
Congress on the activities of the corporation during the 
prior fiscal year. The report shall be submitted at the 
same time as the report of the audit required by section 
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a 
public document.’’. 
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(2) TABLES OF CHAPTERS.—The table of chap-
ters at the beginning of title 36, United States Code, 
and at the beginning of subtitle II of such title, are 
each amended by inserting after the item relating to 
chapter 2003 the following new item: 
‘‘2005. Spirit of America .................................................................
200501.’’. 
(b) DISTRIBUTION
OF CORPORATION ASSISTANCE 
ABROAD THROUGH DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
(1) ACCEPTANCE AND COORDINATION OF AS-
SISTANCE.—The Department of Defense (including 
members of the Armed Forces) may, in the discre-
tion of the Secretary of Defense and in accordance 
with guidance issued by the Secretary— 
(A) accept from Spirit of America, a feder-
ally-chartered corporation under chapter 2005 
of title 36, United States Code (as added by 
subsection (a)), humanitarian, economic, and 
other nonlethal assistance funded by private 
funds in the carrying out of the purposes of the 
corporation; and 
(B) respond to requests from the corpora-
tion for the identification of the needs of local 
populations abroad for assistance, and coordi-
nate with the corporation in the provision and 
distribution of such assistance, in the carrying 
out of such purposes. 
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(2) DISTRIBUTION OF ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL 
POPULATIONS.—In accordance with guidance issued 
by the Secretary, members of the Armed Forces 
abroad may provide to local populations abroad hu-
manitarian, economic, and other nonlethal assistance 
provided to the Department by the corporation pur-
suant to this subsection. 
(3) SCOPE OF GUIDANCE.—The guidance issued 
pursuant to this subsection shall ensure that any as-
sistance distributed pursuant to this subsection shall 
be for purposes of supporting the mission or mis-
sions of the Department and the Armed Forces for 
which such assistance is provided by the corporation. 
(4) DOD SUPPORT FOR CORPORATION ACTIVI-
TIES.—In accordance with guidance issued by the 
Secretary, the Department and the Armed Forces 
may— 
(A) provide transportation, lodging, stor-
age, and other logistical support— 
(i) to personnel of the corporation 
(whether in the United States or abroad) 
who are carrying out the purposes of the 
corporation; and 
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(ii) in connection with the acceptance 
and distribution of assistance provided by 
the corporation; and 
(B) use assets of the Department and the 
Armed Forces in the provision of support de-
scribed in subparagraph (A). 
SEC. 1081. AIR TRANSPORTATION OF CIVILIAN DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE PERSONNEL TO AND 
FROM AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) POLICY REVIEW.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall conduct a policy review regarding the use 
of commercial air transportation or alternative forms of 
air transportation to transport civilian personnel of the 
Department of Defense to and from Afghanistan. 
(b) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days 
after the completion of the policy review required by sub-
section (a), the Secretary shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees a report on the results of such review. 
(c) UPDATED GUIDELINES.—Not later than 90 days 
after the completion of the policy review required by sub-
section (a), the Secretary shall issue updated guidelines, 
based on the report submitted under subsection (b), re-
garding the use of commercial air transportation or alter-
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native forms of air transportation to transport civilian per-
sonnel of the Department to and from Afghanistan. 
SEC. 1082. COLLABORATION BETWEEN FAA AND DOD ON 
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS. 
(a) COLLABORATION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration and the Secretary 
of Defense are encouraged to collaborate on sense- 
and-avoid capabilities for unmanned aircraft sys-
tems. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The collaboration described in 
paragraph (1) should include the following: 
(A) Sharing information on safely inte-
grating unmanned aircraft systems and manned 
aircraft in the national airspace system. 
(B) Building upon the experience of the 
Department of Defense, including the Air 
Force, to inform the Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration’s development of civil standards, poli-
cies, and procedures for integrating unmanned 
aircraft systems in the nation airspace system. 
(C) Informing— 
(i) 
development 
of 
airborne 
and 
ground-based sense-and-avoid capabilities 
for unmanned aircraft systems; and 
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(ii) research and development on un-
manned aircraft systems, especially with 
respect to matters involving human fac-
tors, information assurance, and security. 
(b) PARTICIPATION BY FAA IN DOD ACTIVITIES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration is encouraged to 
participate, and provide assistance for participation, 
in test and evaluation efforts of the Department of 
Defense, including the Air Force, relating to air-
borne and ground-based sense-and-avoid capabilities 
for unmanned aircraft systems. 
(2) PARTICIPATION THROUGH CENTERS OF EX-
CELLENCE
AND
TEST
SITES.—Participation under 
paragraph (1) may include provision of assistance 
through unmanned aircraft systems test sites. 
(c) UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘unmanned aircraft system’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 331 of the FAA Mod-
ernization and Reform Act of 2012 (Public Law 112–95; 
49 U.S.C. 40101 note). 
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TITLE XI—CIVILIAN PERSONNEL 
MATTERS 
SEC. 1101. EXTENSION OF DIRECT HIRE AUTHORITY FOR 
DOMESTIC DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE FA-
CILITIES AND MAJOR RANGE AND TEST FA-
CILITIES BASE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (a) of section 1125 of 
subtitle B of title XI of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328) is 
amended by striking ‘‘During fiscal years 2017 and 
2018,’’ and inserting ‘‘During each of fiscal years 2017 
through 2021,’’. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the end 
of each of fiscal years 2018 through 2021, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide a briefing to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the 
House of Representatives including— 
(1) a description of the effect of such section 
1125 (as amended by subsection (a)) on the man-
agement of the Department of Defense civilian work-
force during the most recently ended fiscal year; and 
(2) the number of employees— 
(A) hired under such section during such 
fiscal year; and 
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(B) expected to be hired under such sec-
tion during the fiscal year in which the briefing 
is provided. 
SEC. 1102. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE VOL-
UNTARY SEPARATION INCENTIVE PAY FOR 
CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES OF THE DEPARTMENT 
OF DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1107 of subtitle A of title 
XI of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328) is amended by striking 
‘‘September 30, 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 
2021’’. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the end 
of each of fiscal years 2018 through 2021, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide a briefing to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the 
House of Representatives including— 
(1) a description of the effect of such section 
1107 (as amended by subsection (a)) on the man-
agement of the Department of Defense civilian work-
force during the most recently ended fiscal year; 
(2) the number of employees offered voluntary 
separation incentive payments during such fiscal 
year by operation of such section; and 
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(3) the number of such employees that accepted 
such payments. 
SEC. 
1103. 
ADDITIONAL 
DEPARTMENT 
OF 
DEFENSE 
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REINVENTION 
LABORATORIES. 
Section 1105(a) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 123 
Stat. 2487; 10 U.S.C. 2358 note) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(20) The Naval Medical Research Center. 
‘‘(21) The Joint Warfighting Analysis Center.’’. 
SEC. 1104. ONE YEAR EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO WAIVE 
ANNUAL LIMITATION ON PREMIUM PAY AND 
AGGREGATE LIMITATION ON PAY FOR FED-
ERAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES WORKING OVER-
SEAS. 
Subsection (a) of section 1101 of the Duncan Hunter 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 
(Public Law 110–417; 122 Stat. 4615), as most recently 
amended by section 1137 of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 
130 Stat. 2460), is amended by striking ‘‘through 2017’’ 
and inserting ‘‘through 2018’’. 
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SEC. 1105. APPOINTMENT OF RETIRED MEMBERS OF THE 
ARMED FORCES TO POSITIONS IN OR UNDER 
THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—During fiscal years 2017 through 
2021, in addition to the authority provided under para-
graphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) of section 3326 of 
title 5, United States Code, and consistent with the re-
quirements of such section, a retired member of the armed 
forces may be appointed under such subsection if— 
(1) the Department of Defense has been grant-
ed direct hire authority to fill the position; 
(2) the appointment is to fill an emergency ap-
pointment for which the Secretary concerned deter-
mines competitive appointment is not appropriate or 
reasonable due to the need to fill the emergency 
need as quickly as possible; or 
(3) the appointment is for a highly qualified ex-
pert under section 9903 of such title. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the end 
of each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide a briefing to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the 
House of Representatives including— 
(1) with respect to the waiver process under 
section 3326(b)(1) of title 5, United States Code— 
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(A) the number of individuals appointed 
during the most recently ended fiscal year 
under such process; and 
(B) the Department of Defense’s plan on 
the use of such process during the fiscal year 
in which the report is submitted; 
(2) the number of individuals— 
(A) appointed under the authority provided 
by subsection (a) during the most recently 
ended fiscal year; and 
(B) expected to be appointed under such 
subsection during the fiscal year in which the 
briefing is provided; and 
(3) the impact of subsection (a) on the manage-
ment of the Department civilian workforce during 
the most recently ended fiscal year. 
SEC. 1106. DIRECT HIRE AUTHORITY FOR FINANCIAL MAN-
AGEMENT EXPERTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE WORKFORCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1110 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for 2017 (Public Law 114–328) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘the Defense 
Agencies or the applicable military Department’’ and 
inserting ‘‘a Department of Defense component’’; 
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(2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ‘‘the De-
fense Agencies’’ and inserting ‘‘each Department of 
Defense component listed in subsection (f)(2) other 
than the Department of the Army, the Department 
of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘any Defense Agency or 
military department’’ and inserting ‘‘any De-
partment of Defense component’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘such Defense Agency or 
military department’’ and inserting ‘‘such De-
partment of Defense component’’; and 
(4) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) EMPLOYEE.—The term ‘employee’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 2105 of title 5, 
United States Code. 
‘‘(2) 
DEPARTMENT
OF
DEFENSE
COMPO-
NENT.—The term ‘Department of Defense compo-
nent’ means the following: 
‘‘(A) A Defense Agency. 
‘‘(B) The Office of the Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff. 
‘‘(C) The Joint Staff. 
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‘‘(D) A combatant command. 
‘‘(E) The Office of the Inspector General 
of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(F) A Field Activity of the Department of 
Defense. 
‘‘(G) The Department of the Army. 
‘‘(H) The Department of the Navy. 
‘‘(I) The Department of the Air Force. 
‘‘(J) Any organizational entity within the 
Department of Defense that is not described in 
subparagraphs (A) through (I).’’. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the end 
of each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide a briefing to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the 
House of Representatives including— 
(1) a description of the effect of section 1110 
of subtitle A of title XI of the National Defense Au-
thorization Act, 2017 (Public Law 114–328), as 
amended by subsection (a), on the management of 
the Department of Defense civilian workforce during 
the most recently ended fiscal year; and 
(2) the number of employees— 
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(A) hired under such section during such 
fiscal year; and 
(B) expected to be hired under such sec-
tion during the fiscal year in which the briefing 
is provided. 
SEC. 1107. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY FOR TEMPORARY 
PERSONNEL FLEXIBILITIES FOR DOMESTIC 
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE FACILITIES AND 
MAJOR RANGE AND TEST FACILITIES BASE 
CIVILIAN PERSONNEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (a) of section 1132 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2457) is amended 
by striking ‘‘and 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘through 2021’’. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the end 
of each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021, the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide a briefing to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the 
House of Representatives including— 
(1) a description of the effect of such section 
1132 (as amended by subsection (a)) on the man-
agement of civilian personnel at domestic defense in-
dustrial base facilities and Major Range and Test 
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Facilities Base during the most recently ended fiscal 
year; and 
(2) the number of employees— 
(A) hired under such section during such 
fiscal year; and 
(B) expected to be hired under such sec-
tion during the fiscal year in which the briefing 
is provided. 
SEC. 1108. ONE-YEAR EXTENSION OF TEMPORARY AUTHOR-
ITY TO GRANT ALLOWANCES, BENEFITS, AND 
GRATUITIES TO CIVILIAN PERSONNEL ON OF-
FICIAL DUTY IN A COMBAT ZONE. 
Paragraph (2) of section 1603(a) of the Emergency 
Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global 
War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, 2006 (Public 
Law 109–234; 120 Stat. 443), as added by section 1102 
of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2009 (Public Law 110–417; 122 Stat. 
4616) and as most recently amended by section 1133 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2459), is further 
amended by striking ‘‘2018’’ and inserting ‘‘2019’’. 
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SEC. 1109. EXTENSION OF OVERTIME RATE AUTHORITY 
FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY EMPLOYEES 
PREFORMING WORK ABOARD OR DOCKSIDE 
IN SUPPORT OF THE NUCLEAR-POWERED 
AIRCRAFT CARRIER FORWARD DEPLOYED IN 
JAPAN. 
Section 5542(a)(6)(B) of title 5, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘September 30, 2018’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘September 30, 2019’’. 
SEC. 1110. BRIEFING ON DIVERSITY IN THE CIVILIAN 
WORKFORCE ON AIR FORCE INSTALLATIONS. 
Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force shall brief the 
Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives, 
the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on Oversight 
and Government Reform of the House of Representatives 
on efforts to increase diversity in the civilian workforce 
on each Air Force installation, including regional and 
State demographics regarding diversity. 
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TITLE XII—MATTERS RELATING 
TO FOREIGN NATIONS 
Subtitle A—Assistance and 
Training 
SEC. 1201. ONE-YEAR EXTENSION OF LOGISTICAL SUPPORT 
FOR COALITION FORCES SUPPORTING CER-
TAIN 
UNITED 
STATES 
MILITARY 
OPER-
ATIONS. 
Section 1234 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (Public Law 110–181; 122 Stat. 
394), as most recently amended by section 1201 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
(Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2473), is further amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘fiscal year 
2017’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’; 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘during the 
period beginning on October 1, 2016, and ending on 
December 31, 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘during the pe-
riod beginning on October 1, 2017, and ending on 
December 31, 2018’’; and 
(3) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ‘‘December 
31, 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2018’’. 
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SEC. 1202. MODIFICATION TO SPECIAL DEFENSE ACQUISI-
TION FUND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Effective as of October 1, 2017, 
paragraph (1) of section 114(c) of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘$2,500,000,000’’ and in-
serting ‘‘$2,000,000,000’’. 
(b) INCREASE IN SIZE OF FUND.—Such section is 
further amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘The size’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Except as provided in paragraph (3), 
the size’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘Of the 
amount available in the Special Defense Acquisition 
Fund in any fiscal year after fiscal year 2016, 
$500,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘The size of the Spe-
cial Defense Acquisition Fund in any fiscal year 
after fiscal year 2017 may exceed the dollar amount 
limitation described in paragraph (1) by an amount 
not to exceed $500,000,000 and such excess 
amount’’. 
SEC. 1203. MODIFICATION TO MINISTRY OF DEFENSE ADVI-
SOR AUTHORITY. 
(a) MINISTRY OF DEFENSE ADVISOR AUTHORITY.— 
Subsection (a) of section 332 of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘and members of the armed 
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forces’’ after ‘‘civilian employees of the Department of De-
fense’’. 
(b) TRAINING OF PERSONNEL OF FOREIGN MIN-
ISTRIES WITH SECURITY MISSIONS.—Subsection (b) of 
such section is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘to assign ci-
vilian employees of the Department of Defense and 
members of the armed forces as advisors or train-
ers’’ after ‘‘carry out a program’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (2)(B)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘employees’’ in each place 
it appears and inserting ‘‘advisors or trainers’’; 
and 
(B) by striking ‘‘each assigned employee’s 
activities’’ and inserting ‘‘the activities of each 
assigned advisor or trainer’’. 
(c) CONGRESSIONAL NOTICE.—Subsection (c) of 
such section is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
inserting ‘‘or a member of the armed forces’’ after 
‘‘a civilian employee of the Department of Defense’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘employee as 
an advisor’’ and inserting ‘‘advisor or trainer’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘employee’’ 
and inserting ‘‘advisor or trainer’’. 
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SEC. 1204. MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO BUILD CAPAC-
ITY OF FOREIGN SECURITY FORCES. 
Subsection (c) of section 333 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(C) Institutional capacity building to or-
ganize, administer, employ, manage, maintain, 
sustain, or oversee national security forces.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘or the De-
partment of State’’ after ‘‘Department of Defense’’; 
(3) in paragraph (4)— 
(A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘INSTITU-
TIONAL
CAPACITY
BUILDING’’ and inserting 
‘‘RESPECT
FOR
CIVILIAN
CONTROL
OF
THE 
MILITARY’’; 
(B) in the first sentence, by striking ‘‘that 
the Department is already undertaking, or will 
undertake as part of the program’’ and all that 
follows and inserting ‘‘that the Department of 
Defense or another department or agency is al-
ready undertaking, or will undertake as part of 
the security sector assistance provided to the 
foreign country concerned, a program to en-
hance the capacity of such foreign country to 
exercise responsible civilian control of the na-
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tional security forces of such foreign country.’’; 
and 
(C) by striking the second sentence; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING.—In 
order to meet the requirement in paragraph (2)(C) 
with respect to a particular foreign country under a 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
certify, prior to the initiation of the program, that 
the Department of Defense or another department 
or agency is already undertaking, or will undertake 
as part of the security sector assistance provided to 
the foreign country concerned, a program of institu-
tional capacity building with appropriate institutions 
of such foreign country to enhance the capacity of 
such foreign country to organize, administer, em-
ploy, manage, maintain, sustain, or oversee the na-
tional security forces of such foreign country.’’. 
SEC. 1205. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
ON TRAINING FOR EASTERN EUROPEAN NA-
TIONAL MILITARY FORCES IN THE COURSE 
OF MULTILATERAL EXERCISES. 
(a) ONE-YEAR EXTENSION.—Subsection (h) of sec-
tion 1251 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 1070; 
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10 U.S.C. 2282 note), as amended by section 1233 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
(Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2489), is further amend-
ed— 
(1) by striking ‘‘September 30, 2018’’ and in-
serting ‘‘December 31, 2019’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2016 through 
2018’’ and inserting ‘‘for the period beginning on 
October 1, 2015, and ending on December 31, 
2019’’. 
(b) REGULATIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION OF INCRE-
MENTAL EXPENSES.—Subsection (d) of such section, as 
so amended, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(4) REGULATIONS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall prescribe regulations for payment of 
incremental expenses under subsection (a). Not 
later than 120 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this paragraph, the Secretary shall sub-
mit the regulations to the Committee on Armed 
Services of the Senate and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representa-
tives. 
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‘‘(B) PROCEDURES
TO
BE
INCLUDED.— 
The regulations required under subparagraph 
(A) shall include the following: 
‘‘(i) Procedures to limit the payment 
of incremental expenses to developing 
countries determined pursuant to sub-
section (c) to be eligible for the provision 
of training under subsection (a), except in 
the case of exceptional circumstances as 
specified in the regulations. 
‘‘(ii) Procedures to require reimburse-
ment of incremental expenses from non-de-
veloping countries determined pursuant to 
subsection (c) to be eligible for the provi-
sion of training under subsection (a), ex-
cept in the case of exceptional cir-
cumstances as specified in the regulations. 
‘‘(C) DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEFINED.— 
In this paragraph, the term ‘developing coun-
try’ has the meaning given such term in section 
301(4) of title 10, United States Code.’’. 
(c) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
Such section, as so amended, is further amended— 
(1) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘that’’ and in-
serting ‘‘than’’; 
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(2) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘section 2282’’ 
and inserting ‘‘chapter 16’’; and 
(3) in subsection (g), by striking ‘‘means’’ and 
all that follows and inserting ‘‘has the meaning given 
such term in section 301(5) of title 10, United 
States Code.’’. 
SEC. 1206. EXTENSION OF PARTICIPATION IN AND SUP-
PORT OF THE INTER-AMERICAN DEFENSE 
COLLEGE. 
Subsection (c) of section 1243 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 
114–328; 130 Stat. 2516; 10 U.S.C. 1050 note) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘FISCAL YEAR 
2017’’ and inserting ‘‘FISCAL YEARS 2017 AND 
2018’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal years 2017 and 2018’’. 
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Subtitle B—Matters Relating to 
Afghanistan and Pakistan 
SEC. 1211. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER DE-
FENSE ARTICLES AND PROVIDE DEFENSE 
SERVICES TO THE MILITARY AND SECURITY 
FORCES OF AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) EXTENSION OF EXPIRATION.—Subsection (h) of 
section 1222 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 
1992), as most recently amended by section 1213 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
(Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2478), is further amend-
ed by striking ‘‘December 31, 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘De-
cember 31, 2018’’. 
(b) EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES.—Subsection (i)(2) 
of such section, as so amended, is further amended by 
striking ‘‘December 31, 2017,’’ in each place it appears 
and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2018’’. 
SEC. 1212. REPORT ON UNITED STATES STRATEGY IN AF-
GHANISTAN. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than February 
15, 2018, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the 
United States strategy in Afghanistan. 
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(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A description of United States assumptions, 
security interests, and corresponding objectives in 
Afghanistan. 
(2) A description of how current military efforts 
align to such objectives and, given current or pro-
jected progress, a realistic prognosis for a timeline 
necessary to achieve such objectives. 
(3) An explanation of the conditions necessary 
for the Afghan National Defense and Security 
Forces to become self-sufficient. 
(4) A description of the projected long-term and 
sustainable United States role in Afghanistan. 
(5) A description of the threat of harm to 
United States forces in Afghanistan and a justifica-
tion based on the threat to United States interests. 
(6) A description of— 
(A) support provided to the Taliban, al- 
Qaeda, the Haqqani network, the Islamic State 
of Iraq and the Levant, and other terrorist or-
ganizations operating in Afghanistan by Russia, 
Iran, Pakistan, and other countries; and 
(B) United States military and diplomatic 
efforts to disrupt such support. 
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(7) The projected casualties and costs associ-
ated with the deployment of members of the Armed 
Forces to Afghanistan. 
(8) The objectives of deployment of members of 
the Armed Forces to Afghanistan, including a time 
line to achieve such objectives as determined by the 
Secretary of Defense. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1213. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
FOR REIMBURSEMENT OF CERTAIN COALI-
TION NATIONS FOR SUPPORT PROVIDED TO 
UNITED STATES MILITARY OPERATIONS. 
(a) EXTENSION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Subsection (a) of section 
1233 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2008 (Public Law 110–181; 122 Stat. 
393), as most recently amended by section 1218(a) 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
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Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2482), 
is further amended— 
(A) by striking ‘‘October 1, 2016’’ and in-
serting ‘‘October 1, 2017’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘December 31, 2017’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2018’’. 
(2) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than Decem-
ber 31, 2018, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report on the expenditure of funds 
under the authority in subsection (a)(2) of sec-
tion 1233 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (Public Law 
110–181; 122 Stat. 393), including a descrip-
tion of the following: 
(i) The purpose for which such funds 
were expended. 
(ii) Each organization on whose behalf 
such funds were expended, including the 
amount expended on such organization and 
the number of members of such organiza-
tion supported by such amount. 
(iii) Any limitation imposed on the ex-
penditure of funds under such subsection, 
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including on any recipient of funds or any 
use of funds expended. 
(B) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COM-
MITTEES
DEFINED.—In this paragraph, the 
term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means— 
(i) the congressional defense commit-
tees; and 
(ii) the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate. 
(b) NOTICE REQUIREMENT.—Section 1232(b)(6) of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2008 (Public Law 110–181; 122 Stat. 393), as most re-
cently amended by section 1218(e) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 
114–328; 130 Stat. 2484), is further amended by striking 
‘‘December 31, 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 
2018’’. 
(c) LIMITATION ON REIMBURSEMENT PENDING CER-
TIFICATION.—Section 1227(d)(1) of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112– 
239; 126 Stat. 2001), as most recently amended by sec-
tion 1218(f) of the National Defense Authorization Act 
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for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 
2484), is further amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2017’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2018’’. 
(d) ADDITIONAL
LIMITATIONS
ON
REIMBURSE-
MENT.— 
(1) 
EXTENSION
OF
LIMITATIONS
ON 
AMOUNTS.—Subsection (d)(1) of section 1233 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2008 (Public Law 110–181; 122 Stat. 393), as most 
recently amended by section 1218(c) of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
(Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2483), is further 
amended— 
(A) in the first sentence, by striking 
‘‘$1,100,000,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$1,000,000,000’’; 
(B) in the second sentence, by striking 
‘‘$900,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$800,000,000’’; 
(C) by striking ‘‘October 1, 2016’’ in each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘October 1, 
2017’’; and 
(D) by striking ‘‘December 31, 2017’’ in 
each place it appears and inserting ‘‘December 
31, 2018’’. 
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(2) EXTENSION OF LIMITATION ON AMOUNTS 
ELIGIBLE FOR WAIVER.—Subsection (g) of section 
1218 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 
2484) is amended— 
(A) by striking ‘‘October 1, 2016’’ and in-
serting ‘‘October 1, 2017’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘December 31, 2017’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2018’’; 
(C) in paragraph (3), strike ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(D) in paragraph (4), strike the period at 
the end and insert ‘‘; and’’ ; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) Pakistan is not using its military or any 
funds or equipment provided by the United States to 
persecute minority groups seeking political or reli-
gious freedom, including the Balochi, Sindhi, and 
Hazara ethnic groups and minority religious groups, 
including Christian, Hindu, and Ahmadiyya Muslim. 
‘‘(6) Pakistan is not providing military, finan-
cial, or logistical support to specially designated 
global terrorists operating in Afghanistan or Paki-
stan.’’. 
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SEC. 1214. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO DR. SHAKIL 
AFRIDI. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The attacks of September 11, 2001, killed 
approximately 3,000 people, most of whom were 
Americans, but also included hundreds of individuals 
with foreign citizenships, nearly 350 New York Fire 
Department personnel, and about 50 law enforce-
ment officers. 
(2) Downed United Airlines flight 93 was re-
portedly intended, under the control of the al-Qaeda 
high-jackers, to crash into the White House or the 
Capitol in an attempt to kill the President of the 
United States or Members of the United States Con-
gress. 
(3) The September 11, 2001, attacks were 
largely planned and carried out by the al-Qaeda ter-
rorist network led by Osama bin Laden and his dep-
uty Ayman al Zawahiri, after which Osama bin 
Laden enjoyed safe haven in Pakistan from where he 
continued to plot deadly attacks against the United 
States and the world. 
(4) Since 2001, the United States has provided 
more than $30 billion in security and economic aid 
to Pakistan. 
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(5) The United States very generously and 
swiftly responded to the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake 
in Pakistan with more than $200 million in emer-
gency aid and the support of several United States 
military aircraft, approximately 1,000 United States 
military personnel, including medical specialists, 
thousands of tents, blankets, water containers and a 
variety of other emergency equipment. 
(6) The United States again generously and 
swiftly contributed approximately $150 million in 
emergency aid to Pakistan following the 2010 Paki-
stan flood, in addition to the service of nearly twenty 
United States military helicopters, their flight crews, 
and other resources to assist the Pakistan Army’s 
relief efforts. 
(7) The United States continues to work tire-
lessly to support Pakistan’s economic development, 
including millions of dollars allocated towards the 
development of Pakistan’s energy infrastructure, 
health services and education system. 
(8) The United States and Pakistan continue to 
have many critical shared interests, both economic 
and security related, which could be the foundation 
for a positive and mutually beneficial partnership. 
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(9) Dr. Shakil Afridi, a Pakistani physician, is 
a hero to whom the people of the United States, 
Pakistan and the world owe a debt of gratitude for 
his help in finally locating Osama bin Laden before 
more innocent American, Pakistani and other lives 
were lost to this terrorist leader. 
(10) Pakistan, the United States and the inter-
national community had failed for nearly 10 years 
following attacks of September 11, 2001, to locate 
and bring Osama bin Laden, who continued to kill 
innocent civilians in the Middle East, Asia, Europe, 
Africa and the United States, to justice without the 
help of Dr. Afridi. 
(11) The Government of Pakistan’s imprison-
ment of Dr. Afridi presents a serious and growing 
impediment to the United States’ bilateral relations 
with Pakistan. 
(12) The Government of Pakistan has leveled 
and allowed baseless charges against Dr. Afridi in a 
politically motivated, spurious legal process. 
(13) Dr. Afridi is currently imprisoned by the 
Government of Pakistan, a deplorable and uncon-
scionable situation which calls into question Paki-
stan’s actual commitment to countering terrorism 
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and undermines the notion that Pakistan is a true 
ally in the struggle against terrorism. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that Dr. Shakil Afridi is an international hero and 
that the Government of Pakistan should release him im-
mediately from prison. 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to 
Syria, Iraq, and Iran 
SEC. 1221. REPORT ON UNITED STATES STRATEGY IN 
SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than February 1, 2018, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report that describes the strategy of 
the United States in Syria. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include each of the fol-
lowing: 
(1) A description of the key security and geo-
political interests, objectives, and long-term goals in 
Syria for the United States and indicators for the 
effectiveness of efforts to achieve such objectives and 
goals. 
(2) A description of United States assumptions 
regarding the current intelligence picture, the roles 
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and ambitions of other countries, and the interests 
of relevant Syrian groups with respect to such objec-
tives. 
(3) A description of how current military and 
diplomatic efforts in Syria align with such objectives, 
and a realistic projection of the timeline necessary to 
achieve such objectives. 
(4) The resources required to achieve such ob-
jectives, including the funding estimated to be need-
ed each year by the Department of Defense and by 
the Department of State (including the United 
States Agency for International Development). 
(5) An analysis of the threats posed to United 
States interests by Russian and Iranian influences 
in Syria, as well as the threats posed to such inter-
ests by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Al 
Qaeda, Hezbollah, and other violent extremist orga-
nizations in Syria. 
(6) A description of long-term and sustainable 
United States involvement in Syria and the conclu-
sion of the current United States effort in Syria. 
(7) A description of the coordination between 
the Department of Defense and the Department of 
State regarding the transition from military oper-
ations to stabilization programming, including a de-
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scription of how local governance and civil society 
will be restored in areas secured through United 
States military operations in Syria. 
(8) A description of the threat of harm to 
United States forces in Syria and a justification 
based on the threat to United States interests. 
(9) A description of amounts and sources of Is-
lamic State of Iraq and the Levant financing in 
Syria and efforts to disrupt this financing as part of 
the broader strategy of the United States in Syria. 
(10) A description of the legal authority needed 
to introduce United States ground combat forces in 
Syria or needed to accomplish long term and short 
term military objectives in Syria and a description of 
the capabilities and willingness of the Syrian govern-
ment (and its allies) to use chemical or other weap-
ons of mass destructions against its citizens and po-
tentially United States and associated military forces 
Syria. 
(11) A description of all necessary contact be-
tween the United States and the governments of 
Russia and other state actors in order to achieve the 
United States strategy in Syria. 
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(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1221A. REPORT ON IMPACT OF HUMANITARIAN CRISIS 
ON ACHIEVEMENT OF UNITED STATES SECU-
RITY OBJECTIVES IN SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than February 1, 2018, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Sec-
retary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees (as defined in section 1221(c)) a report 
that provides an assessment of the impact of the humani-
tarian crisis in Syria on the achievement of goals of the 
United States in the region, such as destroying and dis-
mantling the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and 
peace and stability in Syria and the broader region. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The assessment under subsection 
(a) shall include a description of— 
(1) the response of the United States to the 
short-term and long-term humanitarian crisis in 
Syria caused by attacks on the people of Syria by its 
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government, including attacks on hospitals and other 
medical and educational facilities; and 
(2) how the United States intends to support 
the needs of refugees and internally displaced popu-
lations and intends to improve access to humani-
tarian aid for areas where such aid has been 
blocked. 
SEC. 1222. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO COUNTER THE 
ISLAMIC STATE OF IRAQ AND THE LEVANT. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—Subsection (a) of section 1236 of 
the Carl Levin and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public 
Law 113–291; 128 Stat. 3559), as most recently amended 
by section 1222 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 
2485), is further amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2018’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2019’’. 
(b) QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT.—Subsection (d) 
of such section is further amended— 
(1) in the first sentence of the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by adding at the end before the pe-
riod the following: ‘‘, which shall be provided in un-
classified form with a classified annex if necessary’’; 
and 
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(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(12) An assessment of— 
‘‘(A) security in liberated areas in Iraq; 
‘‘(B) the extent to which security forces 
trained and equipped, directly or indirectly, 
through the Office of Security Cooperation in 
Iraq (OSC-I) are prepared to provide post-con-
flict stabilization and security in such liberated 
areas; and 
‘‘(C) the effectiveness of security forces in 
the post-conflict environment and an identifica-
tion of which such forces will provide post-con-
flict stabilization and security in such liberated 
areas.’’. 
(c) FUNDING.—Subsection (g) of such section is fur-
ther amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018’’; 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2018’’; and 
(3) by striking ‘‘$630,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$1,269,000,000’’. 
(d) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Recognizing the impor-
tant role of the Iraqi Christian militias within the military 
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campaign against ISIL in Iraq, and the specific threat to 
the Christian population in Iraq, it is the sense of Con-
gress that the United States should provide arms, train-
ing, and appropriate equipment to vetted elements of the 
Nineveh Plain Council. 
SEC. 1223. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO SUPPORT OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES 
OF THE OFFICE OF SECURITY COOPERATION 
IN IRAQ. 
(a) EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY.—Subsection (f)(1) 
of section 1215 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2012 (Public Law 112–81; 125 Stat. 
1631; 10 U.S.C. 113 note), as most recently amended by 
section 1223 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 
2486), is further amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ 
and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’. 
(b) LIMITATION
ON AMOUNT.—Subsection (c) of 
such section is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2018’’ ; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘$70,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$42,000,000’’. 
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(c) SOURCE OF FUNDS.—Subsection (d) of such sec-
tion is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’. 
SEC. 1224. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THREATS POSED BY 
THE GOVERNMENT OF IRAN. 
(a) FINDING.—Congress expressed concerns over 
state-sponsored threats posed by Iran and over Iran’s inte-
gration of conventional warfare, cyber and information op-
erations, intelligence operations, and other activities to un-
dermine United States national security interests. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States should counter the malign 
activities of the Government of Iran; 
(2) the United States should maintain a capa-
ble military presence in the Arabian Gulf region to 
deter, and, if necessary, respond to Iranian aggres-
sion; 
(3) the United States should strengthen bal-
listic missile defense capabilities; 
(4) the United States should ensure freedom of 
navigation at the Bab al Mandab strait and the 
Strait of Hormuz; and 
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(5) the United States should counter Iranian 
efforts to illicitly proliferate weapons, including 
cruise and ballistic missiles. 
SEC. 1225. REPORT ON MERITS OF AN INCIDENTS AT SEA 
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES, 
IRAN, AND CERTAIN OTHER COUNTRIES. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port assessing the relative merits of a multilateral or bilat-
eral Incidents at Sea military-to-military agreement be-
tween the United States, the Government of Iran, and 
other countries operating in the Persian Gulf aimed at 
preventing accidental naval conflict in the Persian Gulf 
and the Strait of Hormuz. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Such assessment 
should consider and evaluate the current maritime secu-
rity situation in the Persian Gulf and the effect that such 
an agreement might have on military and other maritime 
activities in the region, as well as other United States re-
gional strategic interests. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by this section shall 
be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classi-
fied annex. 
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(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
SEC. 1226. EXTENSION OF QUARTERLY REPORTS ON CON-
FIRMED 
BALLISTIC 
MISSILE 
LAUNCHES 
FROM IRAN AND IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS 
IN CONNECTION WITH THOSE LAUNCHES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Iran continues to test ballistic missile tech-
nology notwithstanding the restrictions imposed 
under United Nations Security Council Resolution 
2231 (2015). 
(2) On January 29, 2017, Iran tested the me-
dium-range Khorramshahr ballistic missile that flew 
600 miles before exploding, in a failed test of a re-
entry vehicle. 
(3) According to press reports, in March 2017 
Iran tested two short-range Fateh 110 ballistic mis-
siles. 
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(4) Iran has inscribed anti-Israel propaganda 
on its missiles, including ‘‘Israel should be wiped off 
the Earth’’. 
(b) EXTENSION.—Section 1226(e) of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public 
Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2487) is amended by striking 
‘‘December 31, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 
2022’’. 
SEC. 1227. REPORT ON STEPS AND PROTOCOLS RELATED 
TO THE RESCUE, CARE, AND TREATMENT OF 
CAPTIVES OF THE ISLAMIC STATE. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 60 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the Congress a report con-
taining each of the following: 
(1) A description of any steps the Department 
of Defense is taking to ensure coordination between 
the Armed Forces of the United States and local 
forces in conducting military operations in regions 
controlled by the Islamic State where religious or 
minority groups are known or thought to be held 
captive, in order to incorporate the rescue of such 
captives as a secondary objective. 
(2) A description of any protocols that will be 
put in place by the Department of Defense, includ-
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ing protocols developed in coordination with the Gov-
ernment of Iraq, for the care and treatment of reli-
gious or minority groups rescued from captivity 
under the Islamic State, including any protocol for 
relocating such groups of captives to safe locations. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
SEC. 1228. REPORTS ON DEPLOYMENT OF UNITED STATES 
COMBAT FORCES TO SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall submit to 
Congress a report on the deployment of United States 
combat forces to Syria, including number of troops, extent 
of deployment, and purpose of deployment. 
(b) DEADLINE.—The President shall submit the re-
port required under subsection (a) not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act and every 90 
days thereafter through the end of calendar year 2020. 
SEC. 1229. REPORT ON USE BY THE GOVERNMENT OF IRAN 
OF COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT AND RELATED 
SERVICES FOR ILLICIT ACTIVITIES. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days there-
after, the President, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Director of Na-
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tional Intelligence, shall submit to the Committee on 
Armed Services, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Com-
mittee on Financial Services, and the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives 
a report on use by the Government of Iran of commercial 
aircraft and related services for illicit activities. 
(b) ELEMENTS OF REPORT.—The report required 
under subsection (a) shall include a description of the ex-
tent to which— 
(1) the Government of Iran is using commercial 
aircraft, including aircraft of Iran Air, or related 
services to transport illicit cargo to or from Iran, in-
cluding military goods, weapons, military personnel, 
military-related electronic parts and mechanical 
equipment, or rocket or missile components; and 
(2) the commercial aviation sector of Iran, in-
cluding Iran Air, is providing financial, material, or 
technological support to the Islamic Revolutionary 
Guard Corps, Iran’s Ministry of Defense and Armed 
Forces Logistics, the Bashar al Assad Regime, 
Hezbollah, Hamas, Kata’ib Hezbollah, or any other 
Foreign Terrorist Organization or entities des-
ignated as a specially designated national and 
blocked person on the list maintained by the Office 
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of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
Treasury. 
(c) SUNSET.—This section shall cease to be effective 
on the date that is 30 days after the date on which the 
President certifies to Congress that the Government of 
Iran has ceased providing support for acts of international 
terrorism. 
SEC. 1230. LIMITATION ON FUNDING. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2018 
for the Counter-ISIS Train and Equip Fund are author-
ized to be made available to provide assistance to any re-
cipient of such funds that the Secretary of Defense has 
reported, pursuant to a quarterly progress report sub-
mitted pursuant to section 1209 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113– 
291; 128 Stat. 3541), as having previously misused train-
ing or equipment provided by the United States. 
SEC. 1230A. STRATEGY FOR SYRIA AND IRAQ. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall, in coordination with the Secretary of State, submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy for 
Syria and Iraq. 
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(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by paragraph 
(1) shall include the following: 
(1) A description of the political and military 
objectives and end states for Syria and Iraq. 
(2) A description of the plan for achieving the 
political and military objectives and end states for 
Syria and Iraq, including— 
(A) with respect to Syria, a plan for polit-
ical transition; 
(B) with respect to Iraq— 
(i) a plan for political reform and rec-
onciliation among ethnic groups and polit-
ical parties; and 
(ii) an assessment of the required fu-
ture size and structure of the Iraqi Secu-
rity Forces, including irregular forces; and 
(C) a description of the roles and respon-
sibilities of United States allies and partners 
and other countries in the region in establishing 
regional stability. 
(3) A description of the military conditions that 
must be met for the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria 
to be considered defeated. 
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(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate. 
Subtitle D—Matters Relating to the 
Russian Federation 
SEC. 1231. EXTENSION OF LIMITATION ON MILITARY CO-
OPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. 
Section 1232(a) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 
Stat. 2488) is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’. 
SEC. 1232. PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RE-
LATING TO SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN 
FEDERATION OVER CRIMEA. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available 
for fiscal year 2018 for the Department of Defense may 
be obligated or expended to implement any activity that 
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recognizes the sovereignty of the Russian Federation over 
Crimea. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of State, may waive the re-
striction on the obligation or expenditure of funds required 
by subsection (a) if the Secretary— 
(1) determines that to do so is in the national 
security interest of the United States; and 
(2) submits a notification of the waiver, at the 
time the waiver is invoked, to the Committee on 
Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
SEC. 1233. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE RUSSIAN FED-
ERATION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) The Russian Federation, under the leader-
ship of President Vladimir Putin, continues to dem-
onstrate its malign activities to expand its sphere of 
influence and undermine international norms and in-
stitutions both regionally and globally, including 
through the following activities: 
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(A) An assessment of the United States in-
telligence 
community 
stated 
‘‘. . .Russian 
President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence 
campaign in 2016 aimed at the U.S. presi-
dential election’’, presented in the intelligence 
community’s January 6, 2017, declassified re-
port, ‘‘Assessing Russian Activities and Inten-
tions in Recent U.S. Elections’’. 
(B) The Russian Federation has interfered 
in the April 2017 election and runoff election in 
May 2017 of the French Presidential elections. 
As confirmed by Admiral Mike Rogers, Director 
of the National Security Agency, at a Senate 
Committee on Armed Services hearing on May 
9, 2017, ‘‘If you look at the French elections . 
. . we had become aware of Russian activity.’’ 
(C) The Russian Federation has threat-
ened stability in their sphere of influence. As 
stated by General Curtis M. Scaparrotti, Com-
mander of the United States European Com-
mand, in testimony at a House Committee on 
Armed Services hearing on March 28, 2017, 
‘‘In the east, a resurgent Russia has turned 
from partner to antagonist. Countries along 
Russia’s periphery, especially Ukraine and 
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Georgia, are under threat from Moscow’s ma-
lign influence and military aggression.’’. 
(D) The Russian Federation has occupied 
and attempted to annex Crimea from Ukraine. 
(E) The Russian Federation has employed 
hybrid warfare tactics, including cyber warfare, 
electronic warfare, and information warfare to 
gain influence. This includes the use of hybrid 
tactics in assisting combined Russian-separatist 
forces in eastern Ukraine and, in 2008, the 
Russian incursion in Georgia. 
(F) Military intervention in the civil war in 
Syria. 
(2) Both the Secretary of Defense, James 
Mattis, and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff, General Joseph Dunford, highlight the Rus-
sian Federation as the number one geo-strategic 
threat to the United States. 
(3) The Government of the Russian Federation 
continues its decades’ long modernization of its con-
ventional military force with the buildup of large 
numbers of professionalized forces on Russia’s bor-
ders with Europe, re-establishing military presence 
in the Arctic, investment in its nuclear triad, ad-
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vanced weapons systems, fighter jets, and naval ves-
sels. 
(4) In June 2016, the Center for Strategic and 
International Studies released its report, ‘‘Evalu-
ating U.S. Army Force Posture in Europe: Phase 
II’’, which included the recommendation that an 
Armed Brigade Combat Team and a combat aviation 
brigade should be permanently assigned to Europe. 
The report also recommends additional prepositioned 
equipment in Western Europe. 
(5) In January 2016, the National Commission 
on the Future of the Army released its findings and 
recommendations, which included Recommendation 
14, calling for permanently stationing an Armored 
Brigade Combat Team Forward in Europe and Rec-
ommendation 15 calling for the conversion of Army 
Europe Aviation Headquarters to a warfighting mis-
sion command. 
(6) In the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291), the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2016 (Public Law 114–92), and the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Pub-
lic Law 114–328), Congress authorized approxi-
mately $5,200,000 for the European Reassurance 
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Initiative, now the European Deterrence Initiative, 
to reassure partners and allies and begin building a 
credible deterrence to the Russian Federation 
through— 
(A) large increases in conventional re-
sources, including additional rotational deploy-
ments 
of 
United 
States 
troops 
and 
prepositioning of equipment into Europe; and 
(B) increased funding for unconventional 
warfare resources, including cyber and special 
operations forces, and for intelligence and indi-
cators and warnings. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—It is the policy of the United 
States to develop, implement, and sustain credible 
deterrence against aggression by the Government of 
the Russian Federation, in order to enhance regional 
and global security and stability. 
(2) CONDUCT OF POLICY.—The policy described 
in paragraph (1) shall, among other things, be car-
ried out through a comprehensive defense strategy 
and guidance to outline and resource the necessary 
defense capabilities in the European theater. Such 
policy shall include the following: 
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(A) Increased United States presence in 
Europe through additional permanently sta-
tioned forces. 
(B) Continued United States presence in 
Europe through additional rotational forces. 
(C) Increased United States prepositioned 
military equipment to include logistics enablers 
and a division headquarters. 
(D) Sufficient and necessary infrastructure 
additions and improvements throughout the Eu-
ropean theater. 
(E) Increased investment and priority to 
counter unconventional methods of warfare, in-
cluding sufficient cyber warfare resources, in-
formation operations resources, and intelligence 
resources. 
(F) Effective security cooperation re-
sources and opportunities with partners and al-
lies, including NATO member countries. 
SEC. 1234. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF UKRAINE SE-
CURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE. 
Section 1250 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1068), as amended by section 1237 of the National De-
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fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 
114–328; 130 Stat. 2494), is further amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) 
in 
paragraph 
(1), 
by 
striking 
‘‘$175,000,000 of the funds available for fiscal 
year 2017 pursuant to subsection (f)(2)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘$75,000,000 of the funds available 
for fiscal year 2018 pursuant to subsection 
(f)(3)’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2017’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘$100,000,000’’ and 
inserting ‘‘$50,000,000’’; 
(2) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(3) For fiscal year 2018, $150,000,000.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘December 
31, 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2019’’. 
SEC. 1235. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RELAT-
ING TO IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OPEN 
SKIES TREATY. 
(a) LIMITATION ON CONDUCT OF FLIGHTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds author-
ized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise 
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made available for any fiscal year after fiscal year 
2017 for the Department of Defense for operation 
and maintenance, Defense-wide, or operation and 
maintenance, Air Force, may be obligated or ex-
pended to conduct any flight during such fiscal year 
for purposes of implementing the Open Skies Treaty 
until the date that is seven days after the date on 
which the President submits to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a plan described in paragraph 
(2) with respect to such fiscal year. 
(2) PLAN DESCRIBED.—The plan described in 
this paragraph is a plan developed by the Secretary 
of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of 
State, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 
and the Director of National Intelligence, that con-
tains a description of the objectives for all planned 
flights described in paragraph (1) during such fiscal 
year. 
(3) UPDATE.—To the extent necessary and ap-
propriate, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
with the Secretary of State, the Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Director of National 
Intelligence, may update the plan described in para-
graph (2) with respect to a fiscal year and submit 
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the updated plan to the appropriate congressional 
committees. 
(4) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Select Committee on Intelligence 
and Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(5) SUNSET.—The requirements of this sub-
section shall terminate on the date that is five years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(b) PROHIBITION
ON
ACTIVITIES
TO
MODIFY 
UNITED STATES AIRCRAFT.—None of the funds author-
ized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made 
available for fiscal year 2018 for research, development, 
test, and evaluation, Air Force, for arms control imple-
mentation (PE 0305145F) or procurement, Air Force, for 
digital visual imaging system (BA–05, Line Item #1900) 
may be obligated or expended to carry out any activities 
to modify any United States aircraft for purposes of im-
plementing the Open Skies Treaty. 
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(c) OPEN SKIES TREATY DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘Open Skies Treaty’’ means the Treaty on Open 
Skies, done at Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into 
force January 1, 2002. 
SEC. 1236. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON IMPORTANCE OF NU-
CLEAR CAPABILITIES OF NATO. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Warsaw Summit Communique, issued 
on July 9, 2016, by the North Atlantic Treaty Orga-
nization (in this section referred to as ‘‘NATO’’) 
clearly defines the need for, and the importance of, 
the nuclear mission of NATO. 
(2) The Warsaw Summit Communique states— 
(A) with respect to the nuclear deterrence 
capability of NATO, ‘‘As a means to prevent 
conflict and war, credible deterrence and 
defence is essential. Therefore, deterrence and 
defence, based on an appropriate mix of nu-
clear, conventional, and missile defence capabili-
ties, remains a core element of our overall strat-
egy. . . The fundamental purpose of NATO’s 
nuclear capability is to preserve peace, prevent 
coercion, and deter aggression. Nuclear weap-
ons are unique. Any employment of nuclear 
weapons against NATO would fundamentally 
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alter the nature of a conflict. The cir-
cumstances in which NATO might have to use 
nuclear weapons are extremely remote’’; 
(B) with respect to the nature of the nu-
clear deterrence posture of NATO, ‘‘NATO 
must continue to adapt its strategy in line with 
trends in the security environment–including 
with respect to capabilities and other measures 
required–to ensure that NATO’s overall deter-
rence and defence posture is capable of address-
ing potential adversaries’ doctrine and capabili-
ties, and that it remains credible, flexible, resil-
ient, and adaptable.’’; and 
(C) with respect to the importance of con-
tributions to the nuclear deterrence mission 
from across the NATO alliance, ‘‘The strategic 
forces of the Alliance, particularly those of the 
United States, are the supreme guarantee of 
the security of the Allies. The independent stra-
tegic nuclear forces of the United Kingdom and 
France have a deterrent role of their own and 
contribute to the overall security of the Alli-
ance. These Allies’ separate centres of decision- 
making contribute to deterrence by compli-
cating the calculations of potential adversaries. 
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NATO’s nuclear deterrence posture also relies, 
in part, on United States’ nuclear weapons for-
ward-deployed in Europe and on capabilities 
and infrastructure provided by Allies concerned. 
These Allies will ensure that all components of 
NATO’s nuclear deterrent remain safe, secure, 
and effective. That requires sustained leader-
ship focus and institutional excellence for the 
nuclear deterrence mission and planning guid-
ance aligned with 21st century requirements. 
The Alliance will ensure the broadest possible 
participation of Allies concerned in their agreed 
nuclear burden-sharing arrangements.’’. 
(3) Secretary of Defense James Mattis, in re-
sponse to the advance policy questions for his Senate 
confirmation hearing on January 12, 2017, stated 
that— 
(A) ‘‘NATO’s nuclear deterrence posture 
relies in part on U.S. nuclear weapons forward- 
deployed in Europe and on capabilities and in-
frastructure provided by NATO allies. These 
capabilities include dual-capable aircraft that 
contribute to current burden-sharing arrange-
ments within NATO. In general, we must take 
care to maintain this particular capability, and 
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to modernize it appropriately and in a timely 
fashion.’’; and 
(B) the role of the nuclear weapons of the 
United States is ‘‘to deter nuclear war and to 
serve as last resort weapons of self-defense. In 
this sense, U.S. nuclear weapons are funda-
mental to our nation’s security and have his-
torically provided a deterrent against aggression 
and security assurance to U.S. allies. A robust, 
flexible, and survivable U.S. nuclear arsenal un-
derpins the U.S. ability to deploy conventional 
forces worldwide.’’. 
(4) On March 28, 2017, General Curtis 
Scaparrotti, Commander of the United States Euro-
pean Command and the Supreme Allied Com-
mander, Europe, testified to the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives that 
‘‘NATO and U.S. nuclear forces continue to be a 
vital component of our deterrence. Our moderniza-
tion efforts are crucial; we must preserve a ready, 
credible, and safe nuclear capability.’’. 
(5) The Russian Federation is currently under-
going significant modernization and recapitalization 
of all three legs of its nuclear triad, continues to 
field and modernize a large variety of non-strategic 
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nuclear weapons, and is developing and deploying 
new and unique nuclear capabilities. 
(6) Russia remains in violation of the INF 
Treaty due to the development, testing, and, most 
recently, the operational deployment of ground- 
launched cruise missiles in violation of the INF 
Treaty. 
(7) On March 28, 2017, General Paul Selva, 
Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, de-
scribed the security consequences of the deployment 
of such INF Treaty-violating missiles, testifying to 
the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
Representatives that ‘‘our assessment of the impact 
is that it more threatens NATO and infrastructure 
within the European continent than any other...area 
of the world that we have national interests in or al-
liance interests in.’’. 
(8) On March 28, 2017, General Curtis 
Scaparrotti, in testimony before the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives, re-
sponded to a question asking if Russia intends to re-
turn to compliance with the INF Treaty by stating, 
‘‘I don’t have any indication that they will at this 
time.’’. 
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(9) Rhetoric from Russian officials has dem-
onstrated that Moscow has sought to leverage its nu-
clear arsenal to threaten and intimidate neighboring 
countries, including members of NATO, as was the 
case when the Russian Ambassador to Denmark 
stated, ‘‘Danish warships will be targets for Russian 
nuclear missiles’’ in response to Denmark’s potential 
cooperation in the NATO missile defense system. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the nuclear and conventional deterrence ca-
pabilities of NATO are of critical importance to the 
security of the United States and of the NATO alli-
ance, and must continue to adapt to the changed se-
curity environment in Europe; 
(2) the ability of the United States to forward- 
deploy dual-capable aircraft and nuclear weapons, 
and of select members of NATO to participate in the 
nuclear deterrence mission of NATO by hosting for-
ward-deployed nuclear weapons of the United States 
or operating dual-capable aircraft, is central to the 
credibility of the nuclear deterrence and defense pos-
ture of NATO; 
(3) the strategic forces of the United States, 
the independent nuclear forces of the United King-
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dom and the French Republic, and the dual-capable 
aircraft operated by the United States and other 
members of NATO constitute foundational elements 
of the nuclear deterrence and defense posture of 
NATO; 
(4) NATO should modernize its nuclear-related 
infrastructure to ensure the highest-level of safety 
and security; 
(5) effective deterrence requires NATO to con-
duct nuclear planning and exercises aligned with 
21st century requirements and modernize nuclear-re-
lated capabilities and infrastructure, including dual- 
capable aircraft, command and control networks, 
and facilities; and 
(6) to ensure the continued credibility of the de-
terrence and defense posture of NATO, the planned 
completion of F–35A aircraft development and test-
ing, as well as the delivery of such aircraft to mem-
bers of NATO, must not be delayed. 
(c) INF TREATY DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ means the Treaty Between the United 
States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-
publics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range 
and Shorter-Range Missiles, commonly referred to as the 
‘‘Intermediate- Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty’’, 
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signed at Washington December 8, 1987, and entered into 
force June 1, 1988. 
SEC. 1237. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR GEOR-
GIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Georgia is a valued friend of the United 
States and has repeatedly demonstrated its commit-
ment to advancing the mutual interests of both 
countries, including the deployment of Georgian 
forces as part of the NATO-led International Secu-
rity Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan and the 
Multi-National Force in Iraq. 
(2) The European Deterrence Initiative builds 
the partnership capacity of Georgia so it can work 
more closely with the United States and NATO, as 
well as provide for its own defense. 
(3) In addition to the European Deterrence Ini-
tiative, Georgia’s participation in the NATO initia-
tive Partnership for Peace is paramount to inter-
operability with the United States and NATO, and 
establishing a more peaceful environment in the re-
gion. 
(4) Despite the losses suffered, as a NATO 
partner of ISAF, Georgia is engaged in the Resolute 
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Support Mission in Afghanistan with the second 
largest contingent on the ground. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) reaffirms United States support for Geor-
gia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity within its 
internationally-recognized borders, and does not rec-
ognize the independence of the Abkhazia and South 
Ossetia regions currently occupied by the Russian 
Federation; and 
(2) supports continued cooperation between the 
United States and Georgia and the efforts of the 
Government of Georgia to provide for the defense of 
its people and sovereign territory. 
SEC. 1238. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR ESTO-
NIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and 
Lithuania are highly valued allies of the United 
States, and they have repeatedly demonstrated their 
commitment to advancing our mutual interests as 
well as those of the NATO Alliance. 
(2) Operation Atlantic Resolve is a series of ex-
ercises and coordinating efforts demonstrating the 
United States’ commitment to its European partners 
and allies, including the Baltic States of Estonia, 
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Latvia, and Lithuania, with the shared goal of peace 
and stability in the region. Operation Atlantic Re-
solve strengthens communication and understanding, 
and is an important effort to deter Russian aggres-
sion in the region. 
(3) Through Operation Atlantic Resolve, the 
European Deterrence Initiative undertakes exercises, 
training, and rotational presence necessary to reas-
sure and integrate our allies, including the Baltic 
States, into a common defense framework. 
(4) All three Baltic States contributed to the 
NATO-led International Security Assistance Force 
in Afghanistan, sending disproportionate numbers of 
troops and operating with few caveats. The Baltic 
States continue to engage in Operation Resolute 
Support in Afghanistan. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) reaffirms its support for the principle of col-
lective defense in Article 5 of the North Atlantic 
Treaty for our NATO allies, including Estonia, Lat-
via, and Lithuania; 
(2) supports the sovereignty, independence, ter-
ritorial integrity, and inviolability of Estonia, Latvia, 
and Lithuania as well as their internationally recog-
nized borders, and expresses concerns over increas-
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ingly aggressive military maneuvering by the Rus-
sian Federation near their borders and airspace; 
(3) expresses concern over and condemns sub-
versive and destabilizing activities by the Russian 
Federation within the Baltic States; and 
(4) encourages the Administration to further 
enhance defense cooperation efforts with Estonia, 
Latvia, and Lithuania and supports the efforts of 
their Governments to provide for the defense of their 
people and sovereign territory. 
SEC. 1239. REPORT ON DEFENSE COOPERATION BETWEEN 
SERBIA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees and the 
Committees on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa-
tives a report on the defense and security relationship be-
tween Serbia and the Russian Federation. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired under subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A list of Russian weapons systems and 
other military hardware and technology valued at 
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$1,000,000 or more that have been provided to Ser-
bia since 2012. 
(2) A description of the participation by Ser-
bian armed forces in Russian military training or ex-
ercises since 2012. 
(3) A list of any defense and security coopera-
tion agreements between Serbia and Russia entered 
into since 2012. 
(4) An assessment of how the countries bor-
dering Serbia assess the risk the Serbian armed 
forces pose to their national security. 
(5) An assessment of intelligence cooperation 
between Serbia and Russia. 
(6) An assessment of defense and security co-
operation between Serbia and the United States. 
(7) An assessment of how military relations be-
tween Serbia and Russia affect United States de-
fense and security cooperation with Serbia and co-
operation between Serbia and the North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization. 
(c) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
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SEC. 1240. PLAN TO RESPOND IN CASE OF RUSSIAN NON-
COMPLIANCE WITH THE NEW START TREATY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to the congressional defense committees, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, 
and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
a report— 
(1) describing the options available in response 
to a failure by Russia to achieve the reductions re-
quired by the New START Treaty before February 
5, 2018; and 
(2) including the assessment of the Secretary of 
Defense whether such a failure would constitute a 
material breach of the New START Treaty, pro-
viding grounds for the United States to withdraw 
from the treaty. 
(b) OPTIONS
DESCRIBED.—The report required 
under subsection (a) shall specifically describe options to 
respond to such a failure relating to the following: 
(1) Economic sanctions. 
(2) Diplomacy. 
(3) Additional deployment of ballistic or cruise 
missile defense capabilities, or other United States 
capabilities that would offset any potential Russian 
military advantage from such a failure. 
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(4) Redeployment of United States nuclear 
forces beyond the levels required by the New 
START Treaty, and the associated costs and im-
pacts on United States operations. 
(5) Legal countermeasures available under 
other treaties between the United States and Russia, 
including under the Treaty on Open Skies, done at 
Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into force 
January 1, 2002. 
(c) NEW START TREATY.—In this section, the term 
‘‘New START Treaty’’ means the Treaty between the 
United States of America and the Russian Federation on 
Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of 
Strategic Offensive Arms, signed at Prague April 8, 2010, 
and entered into force February 5, 2011. 
Subtitle 
E—Intermediate-Range 
Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty 
Preservation Act of 2017 
SEC. 1241. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Intermediate- 
Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty Preservation Act of 
2017’’. 
SEC. 1242. FINDINGS. 
Congress makes the following findings: 
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(1) The 2014, 2015, and 2016 Department of 
State reports entitled, ‘‘Adherence to and Compli-
ance with Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Dis-
armament Agreements and Commitments’’, all stat-
ed that the United States has determined that ‘‘the 
Russian Federation is in violation of its obligations 
under the INF Treaty not to possess, produce, or 
flight-test a ground-launched cruise missile (GLCM) 
with a range capability of 500 km to 5,500 km, or 
to possess or produce launchers of such missiles’’. 
(2) The 2016 report also noted that ‘‘the cruise 
missile developed by Russia meets the INF Treaty 
definition of a ground-launched cruise missile with a 
range capability of 500 km to 5,500 km, and as 
such, all missiles of that type, and all launchers of 
the type used or tested to launch such a missile, are 
prohibited under the provisions of the INF Treaty’’. 
(3) Potential consistency and compliance con-
cerns regarding the INF Treaty noncompliant 
GLCM have existed since 2008, were not officially 
raised with the Russian Federation until 2013, and 
were not briefed to the North Atlantic Treaty Orga-
nization (NATO) until January 2014. 
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(4) The United States Government is aware of 
other consistency and compliance concerns regarding 
Russia actions vis-a`-vis its INF Treaty obligations. 
(5) Since 2013, senior United States officials, 
including the President, the Secretary of State, and 
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, have 
raised Russian noncompliance with the INF Treaty 
to their counterparts, but no progress has been 
made in bringing the Russian Federation back into 
compliance with the INF Treaty. 
(6) In April 2014, General Breedlove, the Su-
preme Allied Commander Europe, correctly stated, 
‘‘A weapon capability that violates the INF, that is 
introduced into the greater European land mass, is 
absolutely a tool that will have to be dealt with . . . 
It can’t go unanswered.’’. 
(7) The Department of Defense in its Sep-
tember 2013 report, Report on Conventional Prompt 
Global Strike Options if Exempt from the Restric-
tions of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces 
Treaty Between the United States of America and 
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, stated that 
it has multiple validated military requirement gaps 
due to the prohibitions imposed on the United States 
as a result of its compliance with the INF Treaty. 
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(8) It is not in the national security interests 
of the United States to be unilaterally legally prohib-
ited from developing dual-capable ground-launched 
cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 
kilometers, while Russia makes advances in devel-
oping and fielding this class of weapon systems, and 
such unilateral limitation cannot be allowed to con-
tinue indefinitely. 
(9) Admiral Harry Harris, Jr., Commander of 
the United States Pacific Command, testified before 
the Senate Armed Services Committee on April 27, 
2017, that ‘‘[W]e’re in a multi-polar world where we 
have a lot of countries who are developing these 
weapons, including China, that I worry about. And 
I worry about their DF-21 and DF-26 missile pro-
grams, their anti-carrier ballistic missile programs, 
if you will. INF doesn’t address missiles launched 
from ships or airplanes, but it focuses on those land- 
based systems. I think there’s goodness in the INF 
treaty, anything you can do to limit nuclear weapons 
writ-large is generally good. But the aspects of the 
INF Treaty that limit our ability to counter Chinese 
and other countries’ land-based missiles, I think, is 
problematic.’’. 
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(10) A material breach of the INF Treaty by 
the Russian Federation affords the United States 
the right to invoke legal countermeasures which in-
clude suspension of the treaty in whole or in part. 
(11) Article XV of the INF Treaty provides 
that ‘‘Each Party shall, in exercising its national 
sovereignty, have the right to withdraw from this 
Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events related 
to the subject matter of this Treaty have jeopardized 
its supreme interests.’’. 
SEC. 1243. COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT REGARDING RUS-
SIAN VIOLATIONS OF THE INF TREATY. 
(a) STATEMENT OF UNITED STATES POLICY.—It is 
the policy of the United States as follows: 
(1) The actions undertaken by the Russian 
Federation in violation of the INF Treaty constitute 
a material breach of the treaty. 
(2) In light of the Russian Federation’s mate-
rial breach of the INF Treaty, the United States is 
legally entitled to suspend the operation of the INF 
Treaty in whole or in part for so long as the Russian 
Federation continues to be in material breach. 
(3) For so long as the Russian Federation re-
mains in noncompliance with the INF Treaty, the 
United States should take actions to encourage the 
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Russian Federation return to compliance, including 
by— 
(A) providing additional funds for the ca-
pabilities identified in section 1243(d) of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1062); and 
(B) seeking additional missile defense as-
sets in the European theater to protect United 
States and NATO forces from ground-launched 
missile systems of the Russian Federation that 
are in noncompliance with the INF Treaty. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION
OF ADDITIONAL APPROPRIA-
TIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act for fiscal year 2018 for 
research, development, test, and evaluation, as speci-
fied in the funding table in division D, $50,000,000 
shall be made available for— 
(A) the development of active defenses to 
counter ground-launched missile systems with 
ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers; 
(B) counterforce capabilities to prevent at-
tacks from these missiles; and 
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(C) countervailing strike capabilities to en-
hance the capabilities of the United States iden-
tified in section 1243(d) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 
(Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 1062). 
(2) DEVELOPMENT.—Of the amount authorized 
to be appropriated by paragraph (1), $25,000,000 is 
authorized to be appropriated for activities under-
taken to carry out section 1244(a), including with 
respect to research and development activities. 
SEC. 
1244. 
DEVELOPMENT 
OF 
INF 
RANGE 
GROUND- 
LAUNCHED MISSILE SYSTEM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF A PROGRAM OF RECORD.— 
The Secretary of Defense shall establish a program of 
record to develop a conventional road-mobile ground- 
launched cruise missile system with a range of between 
500 to 5,500 kilometers. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate a report on the cost, schedule, and feasibility to modify 
existing and planned missile systems, including the toma-
hawk land attack cruise missile, the standard missile-3, 
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the standard missile-6, and Army tactical missile system 
missiles for ground launch with a range of between 500 
and 5,500 kilometers in order to provide any of the capa-
bilities identified in section 1243(d) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 
114–92; 129 Stat. 1062). 
SEC. 1245. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT RELATED TO RUS-
SIAN FEDERATION DEVELOPMENT OF NON-
COMPLIANT SYSTEMS AND UNITED STATES 
ACTIONS REGARDING MATERIAL BREACH OF 
INF TREATY BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. 
(a) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—Congress declares 
that because of the Russian Federation’s violations of the 
INF Treaty, including the flight-test, production, and pos-
session of prohibited systems, its actions have defeated the 
object and purpose of the INF Treaty, and thus constitute 
a material breach of the INF Treaty. 
(b) NOTIFICTION BY DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL IN-
TELLIGENCE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of National In-
telligence shall notify the appropriate congressional 
committees of any development, deployment, or test 
of a system by the Russian Federation that the Di-
rector determines is inconsistent with the INF Trea-
ty. 
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(2) DEADLINE.—A notification under this sub-
section shall be made not later than 15 days after 
the date on which the Director makes the determina-
tion under this subsection with respect to which the 
notification is required. 
(c) REPORT
BY PRESIDENT.—Not later than 15 
months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report that contains a determination of the 
President of whether the Russian Federation has flight- 
tested, produced, or is in possession of a ground-launched 
cruise missile or ground-launched ballistic missile with a 
range of between 500 and 5,500 kilometers during each 
of the three consecutive 120-day periods beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act. 
(d) UNITED STATES ACTIONS.—If the determination 
of the President contained in the report required to be 
submitted under subsection (c) is that the Russian Fed-
eration has flight-tested, produced, or is in possession of 
any missile described in subsection (c) during each of the 
periods described in subsection (c), the prohibitions set 
forth in Article VI of the INF Treaty shall no longer be 
binding on the United States as a matter of United States 
law. 
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SEC. 1246. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS TO EX-
TEND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW 
START TREATY. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2018 for the De-
partment of Defense may be obligated or expended to ex-
tend the implementation of the New START Treaty un-
less the President certifies to the appropriate congres-
sional committees that the Russian Federation has 
verifiably eliminated all missiles that are in violation of 
or may be inconsistent with the INF Treaty. 
SEC. 1247. REVIEW OF RS–26 BALLISTIC MISSILE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Director 
of National Intelligence, shall conduct a review of the RS– 
26 ballistic missile of the Russian Federation. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President, 
in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary 
of Defense, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and 
the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the re-
view conducted under subsection (a). The report shall in-
clude— 
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(1) a determination whether the RS–26 ballistic 
missile is covered under the New START Treaty or 
would be a violation of the INF Treaty because Rus-
sia has flight-tested such missile to ranges covered 
by the INF Treaty in more than one warhead con-
figuration; and 
(2) if the President determines that the RS–26 
ballistic missile is covered under the New START 
Treaty, a determination whether the Russian Fed-
eration— 
(A) has agreed through the Bilateral Con-
sultative Commission that such a system is lim-
ited under the New START Treaty central lim-
its; and 
(B) has agreed to an exhibition of such a 
system. 
(c) EFFECT OF DETERMINATION.—If the President, 
with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, the Sec-
retary of Defense, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff, and the Director of National Intelligence, deter-
mines that the RS–26 ballistic missile is covered under 
the New START Treaty and that the Russian Federation 
has not taken the steps described under subsection (b)(2), 
the United States Government shall consider for purposes 
of all policies and decisions that the RS–26 ballistic mis-
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sile of the Russian Federation is a violation of the INF 
Treaty. 
SEC. 1248. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Select Committee on Intelligence, 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate; and 
(B) the Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives. 
(2) INF TREATY.—The term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ 
means the Treaty between the United States of 
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 
on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and 
Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington De-
cember 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 
1988. 
(3) INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The term 
‘‘intelligence community’’ has the meaning given the 
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term in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 
1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)). 
(4) NEW
START
TREATY.—The term ‘‘New 
START Treaty’’ means the Treaty between the 
United States of America and the Russian Federa-
tion on Measures for the Further Reduction and 
Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed at 
Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force Feb-
ruary 5, 2011. 
(5) OPEN
SKIES
TREATY.—The term ‘‘Open 
Skies Treaty’’ means the Treaty on Open Skies, 
done at Helsinki March 24, 1992, and entered into 
force January 1, 2002. 
Subtitle 
F—Fostering 
Unity 
Against Russian Aggression Act 
of 2017 
SEC. 1251. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Fostering Unity 
Against Russian Aggression Act of 2017’’. 
SEC. 1252. FINDINGS AND SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) General Curtis M. Scaparrotti, Commander 
of the United States European Command, testified 
before the House Armed Services Committee on 
March 27, 2017, that ‘‘Today we face the most dy-
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namic European security environment in history.’’ 
and that ‘‘Russia’s malign actions are supported by 
its diplomatic, information, economic, and military 
initiatives.’’. 
(2) The Russian Federation has shifted to a 
military doctrine that envisions using nuclear weap-
ons in an attempt to end a failing regional conven-
tional conflict. On June 25, 2015, Deputy Secretary 
of Defense Robert Work and then-Vice-Chairman of 
the Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral James Winnefeld 
testified before the House Armed Services Com-
mittee that ‘‘Russian military doctrine includes what 
some have called an ‘escalate to de-escalate’ strat-
egy—a strategy that purportedly seeks to deescalate 
a conventional conflict through coercive threats, in-
cluding limited nuclear use. We think that this label 
is dangerously misleading. Anyone who thinks they 
can control escalation through the use of nuclear 
weapons is literally playing with fire. Escalation is 
escalation, and nuclear use would be the ultimate es-
calation.’’. 
(3) General Scaparrotti noted in his March 27, 
2017, testimony before the House Armed Services 
Committee that ‘‘Moscow’s provocative rhetoric and 
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nuclear threats increase the likelihood of misunder-
standing and miscalculation.’’. 
(4) The Russian Federation continues to con-
duct ongoing influence campaigns aimed at under-
mining democracies around the world. According to 
an assessment by the intelligence community, ‘‘Rus-
sian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence 
campaign in 2016 aimed at the U.S. presidential 
election’’, which included the use of the Russian 
military intelligence organization. The intelligence 
community also assessed that Russia would apply 
lessons learned to future influence efforts worldwide, 
including against United States allies and their elec-
tion systems. 
(5) The Russian Federation continues its ag-
gression on its periphery. In 2008, the Russian Fed-
eration fomented conflict in Georgia. Further, the 
Russian Federation is directing combined Russian- 
Separatist units in eastern Ukraine, actively inciting 
violence and prolonging the most significant conflict 
in Europe. 
(6) The investment of over $5 billion in the Eu-
ropean Reassurance Initiative (ERI), now the Euro-
pean Deterrence Initiative (EDI), has proven suc-
cessful in significantly enhancing the ability of 
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United States forces, NATO allies, and regional 
partners to deter Russian aggression. EDI has not 
only assured our European allies and partners but 
supported essential investments in NATO’s military 
capacity, interoperability, and agility. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the risks of miscalculation in a crisis are ex-
acerbated by the Russian Federation’s shift to a 
military doctrine of ‘‘escalate to de-escalate’’, low-
ering the threshold for Russian use of nuclear weap-
ons and thereby increasing the risk of using nuclear 
weapons, potentially escalating in to a massive nu-
clear exchange; 
(2) subversive and destabilizing activities by the 
Russian Federation targeting NATO allies and part-
ners causes concern and should be condemned; 
(3) European Deterrence Initiative (EDI) in-
vestments are long-term and, as such, Congress ex-
pects future budgets to reflect United States com-
mitment by planning for funding in the base budget, 
and further EDI should build on United States pres-
ence by increasing the United States permanent 
force posture; and 
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(4) credible deterrence requires steadfast co-
operation and joint action with NATO allies and 
partners and other United States allies and partners 
in Europe. 
SEC. 1253. STRATEGY TO COUNTER THREATS BY THE RUS-
SIAN FEDERATION. 
(a) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of De-
fense, in coordination with the Secretary of State and in 
consultation with each of the Secretaries of the military 
departments, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the com-
manders of each of the regional and functional combatant 
commands, shall develop and implement a comprehensive 
strategy to counter threats by the Russian Federation. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the strategy 
required by subsection (a). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by this 
subsection shall include the following elements: 
(A) An evaluation of strategic objectives 
and motivations of the Russian Federation. 
(B) A detailed description of Russian 
threats to the national security of the United 
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States, including threats that may pose chal-
lenges below the threshold of armed conflict. 
(C) A discussion of how the strategy com-
plements the National Defense Strategy and 
the National Military Strategy. 
(D) A discussion of the ends, ways, and 
means inherent to the strategy. 
(E) A discussion of the strategy’s objec-
tives with respect to deterrence, escalation con-
trol, and conflict resolution. 
(F) A description of the military activities 
across geographic regions and military func-
tions and domains that are inherent to the 
strategy. 
(G) A description of the posture, forward 
presence, and readiness requirements inherent 
to the strategy. 
(H) A description of the roles of the 
United States Armed Forces in implementing 
the strategy, including— 
(i) the role of United States nuclear 
capabilities; 
(ii) the role of United States space ca-
pabilities; 
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(iii) the role of United States cyber 
capabilities; 
(iv) the role of United States conven-
tional ground forces; 
(v) the role of United States naval 
forces; 
(vi) the role of United States air 
forces; and 
(vii) the role of United States special 
operations forces. 
(I) An assessment of the force require-
ments needed to implement and sustain the 
strategy. 
(J) A description of the logistical require-
ments needed to implement and sustain the 
strategy. 
(K) An assessment of the technological re-
search and development requirements needed to 
implement and sustain the strategy. 
(L) An assessment of the training and ex-
ercise requirements needed to implement and 
sustain the strategy. 
(M) An assessment of the budgetary re-
source requirements needed to implement and 
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sustain the strategy through December 31, 
2030. 
(N) A discussion of how the strategy pro-
vides a framework for future planning and in-
vestments in regional defense initiatives, includ-
ing the European Deterrence Initiative. 
(3) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 1254. STRATEGY TO INCREASE CONVENTIONAL PRECI-
SION STRIKE WEAPON STOCKPILES IN THE 
UNITED 
STATES 
EUROPEAN 
COMMAND’S 
AREAS OF RESPONSIBILITY. 
(a) STRATEGY REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State, shall de-
velop and implement a strategy to increase conven-
tional precision strike weapon stockpiles in the 
United States European Command’s areas of re-
sponsibility. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by this 
subsection shall include necessary increases in the 
quantities of such stockpiles that the Secretary de-
termines will enhance deterrence and warfighting ca-
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pability of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
forces. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than April 1, 
2018, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the strategy required by subsection (a). 
(2) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
SEC. 1255. PLAN TO COUNTER THE MILITARY CAPABILITIES 
OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall develop and implement a plan to counter the 
military capabilities of the Russian Federation. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by this 
subsection shall include the following: 
(A) Accelerating programs to improve the 
capability of United States military forces to 
operate in a Global Positioning System (GPS)- 
denied or GPS-degraded environment. 
(B) Accelerating programs of the Depart-
ment of the Army to counter Russian un-
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manned aircraft systems, electronic warfare, 
and long-range precision strike capabilities. 
(C) Countering unconventional capabilities 
and hybrid threats from the Russian Federa-
tion. 
(D) Any other elements that the Secretary 
determines to be appropriate. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than April 1, 
2018, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the plan required by subsection (a). 
(2) FORM.—The report required by this sub-
section shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that concerns persist over the growing sophistication 
of unconventional and hybrid state-sponsored threats by 
the Russian Federation as demonstrated through its ad-
vancement and integration of conventional warfare, eco-
nomic warfare, cyber and information operations, intel-
ligence operations, and other activities to undermine 
United States national security objectives. 
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SEC. 1256. PLAN TO INCREASE CYBER AND INFORMATION 
OPERATIONS, DETERRENCE, AND DEFENSE. 
(a) PLAN.—The Secretary of Defense and the Sec-
retary of State shall jointly develop a plan to— 
(1) increase inclusion of regional cyber planning 
within larger United States joint planning exercises 
in the European region; 
(2) enhance joint, regional, and combined infor-
mation operations and strategic communication 
strategies to counter Russian Federation informa-
tion warfare, malign influence, and propaganda ac-
tivities; and 
(3) identify potential areas of cybersecurity col-
laboration and partnership capabilities with NATO 
and other European allies and partners of the 
United States. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall provide to the appropriate congressional committees 
a briefing on the plan required under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1257. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ENHANCING MARITIME 
CAPABILITIES. 
Congress notes the 2016 Force Structure Assessment 
(FSA) that increased the requirement for fast attack sub-
marine (SSN) from 48 to 66 and supports an acquisition 
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plan that enhances maritime capabilities that address this 
requirement. 
SEC. 1258. PLAN TO REDUCE THE RISKS OF MISCALCULA-
TION 
AND 
UNINTENDED 
CONSEQUENCES 
THAT COULD PRECIPITATE A NUCLEAR WAR. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) the Russian Federation has adopted a dan-
gerous nuclear doctrine that includes a strategy of 
‘‘escalate to de-escalate’’, which could lower the 
threshold for Russian use of nuclear weapons in a 
regional conflict; and 
(2) such nuclear doctrine exacerbates the risks 
of miscalculation and unintended consequences that 
could precipitate a nuclear war. 
(b) PLAN REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 
2018, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff, the Com-
mander of the United States Strategic Command, 
and the Commander of the United States European 
Command, shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a plan that includes options to reduce 
the risk of miscalculation and unintended con-
sequences that could precipitate a nuclear war. 
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(2) ELEMENTS.—The plan required under this 
subsection shall include— 
(A) an assessment of the value of military- 
to-military dialog to reduce such risk; and 
(B) any other recommendations the Sec-
retary determines to be appropriate. 
SEC. 1259. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; 
and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs of the House of Representatives. 
(2) NATO.—The term ‘‘NATO’’ means the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 
Subtitle G—Matters Relating to the 
Indo-Asia-Pacific Region 
SEC. 1261. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE INDO-ASIA-PA-
CIFIC REGION. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
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(1) the security, stability, and prosperity of the 
Indo-Asia-Pacific region are vital to the national in-
terests of the United States; 
(2) the United States should maintain a mili-
tary capability in the region that is able to project 
power, deter acts of aggression, and respond, if nec-
essary, to regional threats; 
(3) continuing efforts by the Department of De-
fense to realign forces, commit additional assets, and 
increase investments to the Indo-Asia-Pacific region 
are necessary to maintain a robust United States 
commitment to the region; 
(4) the Secretary of Defense should— 
(A) assess the current United States force 
posture in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region to en-
sure that the United States maintains an ap-
propriate forward presence in the region; 
(B) invest in critical munitions, undersea 
warfare capabilities, amphibious capabilities, re-
silient space architectures, missile defense, of-
fensive and defensive cyber capabilities, and 
other capabilities conducive to operating effec-
tively in contested environments; and 
(C) 
enhance 
regional 
force 
readiness 
through joint training and exercises, consid-
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ering contingencies ranging from grey zone to 
high-end near-peer conflict; and 
(5) the United States should continue to engage 
in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region by strengthening alli-
ances and partnerships, supporting regional institu-
tions and bodies such as the Association of South-
east Asian Nations (ASEAN), building cooperative 
security arrangements, addressing shared challenges, 
and reinforcing the role of international law, includ-
ing respect for human rights. 
SEC. 1262. REPORT ON STRATEGY TO PRIORITIZE UNITED 
STATES DEFENSE INTERESTS IN THE INDO- 
ASIA-PACIFIC REGION. 
(a) REQUIRED REPORT.—Not later than February 1, 
2018, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees, the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives a report that contains a strategy 
to prioritize United States defense interests in the Indo- 
Asia-Pacific region. The strategy shall address the fol-
lowing: 
(1) The security challenges, including threats, 
emanating from the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. 
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(2) The primary objectives and priorities in the 
Indo-Asia-Pacific region, including— 
(A) the military missions necessary to ad-
dress threats on the Korean Peninsula; 
(B) the role of the Department of Defense 
in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region regarding secu-
rity challenges posed by China; 
(C) the primary objectives and priorities 
for combating terrorism in the Indo-Asia-Pa-
cific region; 
(3) Department of Defense plans, force posture, 
capabilities, and resources to address any gaps. 
(4) The roles of allies, partners, and other 
countries in achieving United States defense objec-
tives and priorities. 
(5) Actions the Department of Defense could 
take, in cooperation with other Federal departments 
or agencies, to advance United Sates national secu-
rity interests in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. 
(6) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
determines to be appropriate. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex. 
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(c) 
ANNUAL
BUDGET.—The 
President, 
acting 
through the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget, shall ensure that the annual budget submitted to 
Congress under section 1105 of title 31, United States 
Code, clearly highlights programs and projects that are 
being funded in the annual budget of the United States 
Government that relate to the strategy referred to in sub-
section (a). 
(d) REPEAL.—Section 1251 of the Carl Levin and 
Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 
Stat. 3570) is hereby repealed. 
SEC. 1263. ASSESSMENT OF UNITED STATES FORCE POS-
TURE AND BASING NEEDS IN THE INDO-ASIA- 
PACIFIC REGION. 
(a) ASSESSMENT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall conduct an assessment of United States force 
posture and basing needs in the Indo-Asia-Pacific 
region. 
(2) 
ELEMENTS.—The 
assessment 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall include the following: 
(A) A review of military requirements 
based on operation and contingency plans, sce-
narios, capabilities of potential adversaries, and 
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any assessed gaps or shortfalls of the Armed 
Forces. 
(B) A review of current United States mili-
tary force posture and deployment plans of the 
United States Pacific Command. 
(C) An analysis of potential future realign-
ments of United States forces in the region, in-
cluding options for strengthening United States 
presence, access, readiness, training, exercises, 
logistics, and pre-positioning. 
(D) A discussion of any factors that may 
influence the United States posture. 
(E) Any recommended changes to the 
United States posture in the region. 
(F) Any other matters the Secretary of 
Defense determines to be appropriate. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 
2018, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees a report that in-
cludes the assessment required under subsection (a). 
(2) FORM.—The report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex. 
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SEC. 1264. EXTENDED DETERRENCE COMMITMENT TO THE 
ASIA-PACIFIC REGION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The 2010 Nuclear Posture Review re-
affirmed the commitment of the United States to ex-
tended deterrence and continued protection of the 
treaty allies of the United States under the United 
States nuclear umbrella. 
(2) The United States-Republic of Korea Deter-
rence Strategy Committee and the United States- 
Japan Extended Deterrence Dialogue provide valu-
able communication channels for ensuring the com-
mitment of the United States to the policy of ex-
tended nuclear deterrence and allow for bilateral dis-
cussions on how United States capabilities can be le-
veraged to credibly deter, and if necessary, defeat, 
North Korean nuclear weapons, weapons of mass de-
struction, and missile threats and aggression. 
(3) Statements by officials of the United States 
have consistently emphasized the United States com-
mitment to providing extended deterrence and de-
fense across the full spectrum of military capabili-
ties, including nuclear capabilities. 
(4) On September 9, 2016, President Obama 
responded to a North Korean nuclear test by issuing 
the following statement, ‘‘I restated to President 
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Park and Prime Minister Abe the unshakable U.S. 
commitment to take necessary steps to defend our 
allies in the region, including through our deploy-
ment of a Terminal High Altitude Area Defense 
(THAAD) battery to the ROK, and the commitment 
to extended deterrence, guaranteed by the full spec-
trum of U.S. defense capabilities.’’. 
(5) On October 14, 2016, Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Joseph Dunford, ‘‘re-
affirmed the ironclad commitment of the U.S. to de-
fend both the ROK and Japan and provide extended 
deterrence guaranteed by the full spectrum of U.S. 
military capabilities, including conventional, nuclear, 
and missile defense capabilities’’. 
(6) On October 19, 2016, Secretary of Defense 
Ashton Carter, stated, ‘‘the U.S. commitment to the 
defense of South Korea is unwavering. This includes 
our commitment to provide extended deterrence, 
guaranteed by the full spectrum of U.S. defense ca-
pabilities. Make no mistake: Any attack on America 
or our allies will not only be defeated, but any use 
of nuclear weapons will be met with an over-
whelming and effective response.’’. 
(7) On October 19, 2016, Secretary of State 
John Kerry, during a joint press conference with the 
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South Korean Foreign Minister, confirmed the 
United States would ‘‘defend South Korea through 
a robust combined defense posture and through ex-
tended deterrence, including the US nuclear um-
brella, conventional strike and missile defense capa-
bilities.’’. 
(8) On February 3, 2017, Secretary of Defense 
James Mattis, during a visit to South Korea, stated, 
‘‘America’s commitments to defending our allies and 
to upholding our extended deterrence guarantees re-
main ironclad: Any attack on the United States, or 
our allies, will be defeated, and any use of nuclear 
weapons would be met with a response that would 
be effective and overwhelming.’’. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the defense of the Republic of Korea and 
Japan must remain a top priority for the adminis-
tration; 
(2) the United States maintains an unwavering 
and steadfast commitment to the policy of extended 
deterrence, especially with respect to South Korea 
and Japan; 
(3) bilateral extended deterrence dialogues and 
discussions with South Korea and Japan are of 
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great value to the United States and its partners 
and must remain a central component of these rela-
tionships; 
(4) the United States must sustain and mod-
ernize current United States nuclear capabilities to 
ensure the extended deterrence commitments of the 
United States remain credible and executable; and 
(5) the timely development, production, and de-
ployment of modern nuclear-capable aircraft are fun-
damental to ensure that the United States remains 
able to meet extended deterrence requirements in the 
Asia-Pacific region far into the future. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion may be construed to alter the shared goal of the 
United 
States, 
South 
Korea, 
and 
Japan 
for 
a 
denuclearized Korean Peninsula or to change the United 
States nuclear posture in the Asia-Pacific region. 
SEC. 1265. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS TO MEET 
UNITED STATES FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS 
UNDER COMPACT OF FREE ASSOCIATION 
WITH PALAU. 
There is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2018 $123,900,000 to the Secretary of the Interior, to 
remain available until expended, for use in meeting the 
financial obligations of the Government of the United 
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States under the Agreement between the Government of 
the United States of America and the Government of the 
Republic of Palau under section 432 of the Compact of 
Free Association with Palau (48 U.S.C. 1931 note; Public 
Law 99–658). 
SEC. 1266. SENSE OF CONGRESS REAFFIRMING SECURITY 
COMMITMENTS TO THE GOVERNMENTS OF 
JAPAN AND SOUTH KOREA AND TRILATERAL 
COOPERATION 
BETWEEN 
THE 
UNITED 
STATES, JAPAN, AND SOUTH KOREA. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States values its alliances with 
the Governments of Japan and the Republic of 
Korea, based on shared values of democracy, the 
rule of law, free and open markets, and respect for 
human rights; 
(2) the United States reaffirms its commitment 
to these alliances with Japan and South Korea, 
which are critical for the preservation of peace and 
stability in the Asia-Pacific region and throughout 
the world; 
(3) the United States recognizes the substantial 
financial commitments of Japan and South Korea to 
the maintenance of United States forces in these 
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countries, making them among the most significant 
burden-sharing partners of the United States; 
(4) the United States reaffirms its commitment 
to Article V of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation 
and Security between the United States of America 
and Japan, which applies to the Japanese-adminis-
tered Senkaku Islands; 
(5) the United States supports continued imple-
mentation and expansion of defense cooperation with 
Japan in accordance with the 2015 U.S.-Japan De-
fense 
Guidelines 
and 
additional 
measures 
to 
strengthen this defense cooperation, including by ex-
panding foreign military sales, establishing new co-
operative technology development programs, increas-
ing military exercises, or other actions as appro-
priate; 
(6) the United States and South Korea share 
deep concerns that the nuclear and ballistic missile 
programs of North Korea and its repeated provo-
cations pose great threats to peace and stability on 
the Korean Peninsula, and the United States recog-
nizes that South Korea has made important commit-
ments to the bilateral security alliance, including by 
hosting a Terminal High Altitude Area Defense 
(THAAD) system; 
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(7) the United States and South Korea should 
continue further defense cooperation, by enhancing 
mutual security based on the Mutual Defense Treaty 
between the United States and the Republic of 
Korea and investing in capabilities critical to the 
combined defense; 
(8) the United States welcomes greater security 
cooperation with, and among, Japan and South 
Korea to promote mutual interests and address 
shared concerns, including the bilateral military in-
telligence-sharing pact between Japan and South 
Korea, signed on November 23, 2016, and the tri-
lateral intelligence sharing agreement between the 
United States, Japan, and South Korea, signed on 
December 29, 2015; and 
(9) recognizing that North Korea poses a threat 
to the United States, Japan, and South Korea, and 
that the security of the three countries is inter-
twined, the United States welcomes and encourages 
deeper trilateral defense cooperation, including 
through expanded exercises, training, and informa-
tion sharing that strengthens integration. 
SEC. 1267. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FREEDOM OF NAVIGA-
TION OPERATIONS IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
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(1) the United States has a national interest in 
maintaining freedom of navigation, respect for inter-
national law, and unimpeded lawful commerce in the 
South China Sea; 
(2) the United States should condemn any as-
sertion that limits the right to freedom of navigation 
and overflight; and 
(3) the United States should keep to a regular 
and routine schedule for freedom of navigation oper-
ations in the sea and air. 
SEC. 1268. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON STRENGTHENING THE 
DEFENSE OF TAIWAN. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96– 
8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.) codified the basis for 
commercial, cultural, and other relations between 
the United States and Taiwan, and the Six Assur-
ances are an important aspect in guiding bilateral 
relations; 
(2) Section 3(a) of that Act states that ‘‘the 
United States will make available to Taiwan such 
defense articles and defense services in such quan-
tity as may be necessary to enable Taiwan to main-
tain a sufficient self-defense capability’’; 
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(3) the United States, in accordance with such 
section, should make available and provide timely re-
view of requests for defense articles and defense 
services that may be necessary for Taiwan to main-
tain a sufficient self-defense capability; 
(4) Taiwan should significantly increase its de-
fense budget to maintain a sufficient self-defense ca-
pability; 
(5) the United States should support expanded 
exchanges focused on practical training for Taiwan 
personnel by and with United States military units, 
including exchanges between services, to empower 
senior military officers to identify and develop asym-
metric and innovative capabilities that strengthen 
Taiwan’s ability to deter aggression; 
(6) the United States should seek opportunities 
for expanded training and exercises with Taiwan; 
(7) the United States should encourage Tai-
wan’s continued investments in asymmetric self-de-
fense capabilities that are mobile, survivable against 
threatening forces, and able to take full advantage 
of Taiwan’s geography; and 
(8) the United States should continue to— 
(A) support humanitarian assistance and 
disaster relief exercises that increase Taiwan’s 
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resiliency and ability to respond to and recover 
from natural disasters; and 
(B) recognize Taiwan’s already valuable 
military contributions to such efforts. 
SEC. 1269. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE ASSOCIATION OF 
SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS. 
(a) FINDING.—Congress finds that 2017 is the 50th 
anniversary of the formation of the Association of South-
east Asian Nations (ASEAN), which includes Indonesia, 
Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, 
Vietnam, Laos, Burma, and Cambodia. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States supports the development 
of regional institutions and bodies, including the 
ASEAN Regional Forum, the ASEAN Defense Min-
isters Meeting Plus, the East Asia Summit, and the 
expanded ASEAN Maritime Forum, to increase re-
gional cooperation and ensure that disputes are 
managed without intimidation, coercion, or force; 
(2) the United States recognizes ASEAN ef-
forts to promote peace, stability, and prosperity in 
the region, including the steps taken to highlight the 
importance of peaceful dispute resolution and the 
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need for adherence to international rules and stand-
ards. 
(3) United States defense engagement with 
ASEAN and the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting 
Plus should continue to be forums to discuss shared 
challenges in the maritime domain and the need for 
greater information sharing among ASEAN nations; 
and 
(4) the United States welcomes continued work 
with ASEAN and other regional partners to estab-
lish more reliable and routine crisis communication 
mechanisms. 
SEC. 1270. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON REAFFIRMING THE IM-
PORTANCE OF THE UNITED STATES-AUS-
TRALIA DEFENSE ALLIANCE. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States values its alliance with 
the Government of Australia, and the shared values 
and interests between both countries are essential to 
promoting peace, security, stability, and economic 
prosperity in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region; 
(2) the annual rotations of United States Ma-
rine Corps forces to Darwin, Australia and enhanced 
rotations of United States Air Force aircraft to Aus-
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tralia pave the way for even closer defense and secu-
rity cooperation; 
(3) the Treaty Between the Government of the 
United States of America and the Government of 
Australia Concerning Defense Trade Cooperation, 
done at Sydney, September 5, 2007, should continue 
to facilitate industry collaboration and innovation to 
meet shared security challenges and reinforce mili-
tary ties; 
(4) as described by Australian Prime Minister 
Malcolm Turnbull, North Korea is ‘‘a threat to the 
peace of the region’’ and the United States and Aus-
tralia should continue to cooperate to defend against 
the threat of North Korea’s nuclear and missile ca-
pabilities; and 
(5) the United States and Australia also should 
continue to address the threat of terrorism and 
strengthen information sharing. 
SEC. 1270A. RESTRICTION ON FUNDING FOR THE PRE-
PARATORY 
COMMISSION 
FOR 
THE 
COM-
PREHENSIVE 
NUCLEAR-TEST-BAN 
TREATY 
ORGANIZATION. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—Congress declares that 
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2310 (Sep-
tember 23, 2016) does not obligate the United States nor 
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does it impose an obligation on the United States to re-
frain from actions that would run counter to the object 
and purpose of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban 
Treaty. 
(b) RESTRICTION ON FUNDING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—No United States funds may 
be made available to the Preparatory Commission 
for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Or-
ganization. 
(2) EXCEPTION.—The restriction under para-
graph (1) shall not apply with respect to the avail-
ability of United States funds for the Comprehensive 
Nuclear-Test-Ban 
Treaty 
Organization’s 
Inter-
national Monitoring System. 
SEC. 1270B. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON NORTH KOREA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, 
also known as North Korea, continues to develop a 
ballistic and nuclear weapons development program 
that poses a grave threat to the United States, 
United States allies the Republic of Korea, Japan, 
and Australia, and to regional and global security. 
(2) North Korea continues to escalate the pace 
and number of its ballistic missile launches, and to 
date has conducted five nuclear tests. 
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(3) On July 4, 2017, North Korea conducted 
the first test of an intercontinental ballistic missile 
(ICBM) it claims is capable of reaching United 
States territory, which, if reliable and effective, con-
stitutes a new threat to America’s security. 
(4) On June 3, 2017, Secretary of Defense 
James Mattis stated, during remarks at the 
Shangri-La Dialogue, that ‘‘the current North Korea 
program signals a clear intent to acquire nuclear 
armed ballistic missiles, including those of inter-
continental range that pose direct and immediate 
threats to our allies, our partners and all the world’’. 
(5) On April 27, 2017, Admiral Harry Harris, 
Jr., Commander of the United States Pacific Com-
mand, testified that ‘‘North Korea continues to dis-
regard United Nations sanctions by developing, and 
threatening to use intercontinental ballistic missiles 
and nuclear weapons that will threaten the U.S. 
Homeland.’’. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the United States should act to counter 
North Korea’s continued development and testing of 
nuclear weapons and intercontinental ballistic mis-
siles; 
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(2) the development of a functional and oper-
ational North Korean nuclear and intercontinental 
ballistic missile program constitutes a threat to the 
security of the United States and to our allies and 
partners in the region; 
(3) the defense of the United States and our al-
lies against North Korean aggression remains a top 
priority, and the United States maintains an unwav-
ering and steadfast commitment to the policy of ex-
tended deterrence, especially with respect to South 
Korea and Japan; 
(4) the United States supports the deployment 
of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense 
(THAAD) system in South Korea to counter North 
Korea’s missile threat and the deployment of bal-
listic missile defense systems to allies in the Indo- 
Asia-Pacific region to protect from the growing 
threat of North Korea’s nuclear weapons and bal-
listic missile programs; 
(5) the United States should encourage further 
multilateral security cooperation and dialogue among 
South Korea, Japan, and Australia to address the 
North Korea threat; 
(6) the United States calls upon the People’s 
Republic of China to use its leverage to pressure 
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North Korea to cease its provocative behavior and 
abandon and dismantle its nuclear and ballistic mis-
sile programs, and comply with all relevant United 
Nations Security Council resolutions; 
(7) the United States should fully enforce all 
existing sanctions on North Korea and undertake a 
comprehensive diplomatic effort to urge allies and 
other countries to fully enforce, and build upon, ex-
isting international sanctions; and 
(8) the United States should retain diplomatic, 
economic, and military options to defend against and 
pressure North Korea to abandon its illicit weapons 
program. 
SEC. 1270C. STRATEGY TO FURTHER UNITED STATES-INDIA 
DEFENSE COOPERATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall 
develop a strategy for advancing defense cooperation be-
tween the United States and India. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy shall address the fol-
lowing: 
(1) Common security challenges. 
(2) The role of United States partners and al-
lies in the United States-India defense relationship. 
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(3) The role of the Defense Technology and 
Trade Initiative. 
(4) How to advance the Communications Inter-
operability and Security Memorandum of Agreement 
and the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement 
for Geospatial Cooperation. 
(5) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
or the Secretary of State determines to be appro-
priate. 
SEC. 1270D. PLAN TO ENHANCE THE EXTENDED DETER-
RENCE AND ASSURANCE CAPABILITIES OF 
THE UNITED STATES IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC 
REGION. 
(a) FINDING.—Congress recognizes that North Ko-
rea’s first successful test of an intercontinental ballistic 
missile (ICBM) constitutes a grave and imminent threat 
to United States security and to the security of United 
States allies and partners in the Asia-Pacific region. 
(b) PLAN.—Not later than 30 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in 
consultation with the Commander of the United States 
Pacific Command and the Commander of the United 
States Strategic Command, shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a plan to enhance the extended 
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deterrence and assurance capabilities of the United States 
in the Asia-Pacific region. 
(c) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Such plan shall in-
clude consideration of actions that will enhance United 
States security by strengthening deterrence of North Ko-
rean aggression and providing increased assurance to 
United States allies in the Asia-Pacific region, including 
the following: 
(1) Increased visible presence of key United 
States military assets, such as missile defenses, long- 
range strike assets, and intermediate-range strike 
assets to the region. 
(2) Increased military cooperation, exercises, 
and integration of defenses with allies in the region. 
(3) Development and deployment of ground- 
based intermediate-range missiles, whether by allies 
or by the United States, if the United States were 
no longer bound by the limitations of the INF Trea-
ty. 
(4) Increased foreign military sales to allies in 
the region. 
(5) Planning for, exercising, or deploying dual- 
capable aircraft to the region. 
(6) Any necessary modifications to the United 
States nuclear force posture, including re-deploy-
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ment of submarine-launched nuclear cruise missiles 
to the region. 
(7) Such other actions the Secretary considers 
appropriate to strengthen extended deterrence and 
assurance in the region. 
(d) FORM.—Such plan shall be submitted in unclassi-
fied form, but may contain a classified annex. 
(e) INF TREATY DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ means the Treaty between the United 
States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-
publics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range 
and Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington De-
cember 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 1988. 
SEC. 1270E. REPORT ON NAVAL PORT OF CALL EXCHANGES 
BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND TAIWAN. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than September 
1, 2018, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the ap-
propriate committees of Congress a report on the fol-
lowing: 
(1) An assessment of the feasibility and advis-
ability regarding ports of call by the United States 
Navy at ports on the island of Taiwan. 
(2) An assessment of the feasibility and advis-
ability of the United States to receiving ports of call 
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by the Republic of China navy in Hawaii, Guam, 
and other appropriate locations. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
(c) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate commit-
tees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
SEC. 1270F. ASSESSMENT ON UNITED STATES DEFENSE IM-
PLICATIONS OF CHINA’S EXPANDING GLOBAL 
ACCESS. 
(a) ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
consultation with the Secretary of State, shall assess 
the foreign military and non-military activities of the 
People’s Republic of China which could affect the re-
gional and global national security and defense in-
terests of the United States. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The assessment required by 
paragraph (1) shall evaluate the following: 
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(A) China’s use of military and non-mili-
tary means in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region and 
globally, including tourism, media, influence 
campaigns, investment projects, infrastructure, 
and access to foreign ports and military bases, 
and whether such means could affect United 
States national security or defense interests, in-
cluding operational access. 
(B) The implications, if any, of such 
means for the military force posture, access, 
training, and logistics of both the United States 
and China. 
(C) The United States strategy and policy 
for mitigating any harmful effects resulting 
from such means. 
(D) The resources required to implement 
such strategy and policy, and the mitigation 
plan to address any gaps in capabilities or re-
sources necessary for such implementation. 
(E) Measures to bolster the roles of allies, 
partners, and other countries to implement such 
strategy and policy. 
(F) Any other matters the Secretary of 
Defense or the Secretary of State determines to 
be appropriate. 
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(3) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
with the Secretary of State, shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees, the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives a report on the assessment 
required under subsection (b). 
(B) FORM.—The report required by this 
paragraph may be submitted unclassified or 
classified form. 
SEC. 1270G. NORMALIZING THE TRANSFER OF DEFENSE AR-
TICLES AND DEFENSE SERVICES TO TAIWAN. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that any requests from the Government of Taiwan 
for defense articles and defense services should receive a 
case-by-case review by the Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of State, that is consistent 
with the standard processes and procedures in an effort 
to normalize the arms sales process with Taiwan. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date on which the Secretary of Defense re-
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ceives a Letter of Request from Taiwan with respect 
to the transfer of a defense article or defense service 
to Taiwan, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that includes— 
(A) the status of such request; 
(B) if the transfer of such article or service 
would require a certification or report to Con-
gress pursuant to any applicable provision of 
section 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2776), the status of any Letter of Offer 
and Acceptance the Secretary of Defense in-
tends to issue with respect to such request; and 
(C) an assessment of whether the transfer 
of such article or service would be consistent 
with United States obligations under the Tai-
wan Relations Act (Public Law 96–8; 22 U.S.C. 
3301 et seq.). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each report required under 
paragraph (1) shall specify the following: 
(A) The date the Secretary of Defense re-
ceived the Letter of Request. 
(B) The value of the sale proposed by such 
Letter of Request. 
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(C) A description of the defense article or 
defense service proposed to be transferred. 
(D) The view of the Secretary of Defense 
with respect to such proposed sale and whether 
such sale would be consistent with defense 
plans. 
(3) FORM.—Each report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but 
may contain a classified annex. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days 
thereafter, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of State, shall provide a briefing to the ap-
propriate congressional committees with respect to the se-
curity challenges faced by Taiwan and the military co-
operation between the United States and Taiwan, includ-
ing a description of any requests from Taiwan for the 
transfer of defense articles or defense services and the sta-
tus, whether signed or unsigned, of any Letters of Offer 
and Acceptance with respect to such requests. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
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(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate. 
(2) DEFENSE ARTICLE; DEFENSE SERVICE.— 
The terms ‘‘defense article’’ and ‘‘defense service’’ 
have the meanings given such terms in section 47 of 
the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2794). 
(3) LETTER OF REQUEST; LETTER OF OFFER 
AND ACCEPTANCE.—The terms ‘‘Letter of Request’’ 
and ‘‘Letter of Offer and Acceptance’’ have the 
meanings given such terms for purposes of Chapter 
5 of the Security Assistance Management Manual of 
the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, as in ef-
fect on the date of the enactment of this Act. 
Subtitle H—Other Matters 
SEC. 1271. NATO COOPERATIVE CYBER DEFENSE CENTER 
OF EXCELLENCE. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—Of the amounts authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act for fiscal year 2018 for sup-
port of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (in this section 
referred to as ‘‘NATO’’) operations, as specified in the 
funding tables in division D, not more than $5,000,000 
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may be obligated or expended for the purposes described 
in subsection (b). 
(b) PURPOSES.—The Secretary of Defense shall pro-
vide funds for the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defense Cen-
ter of Excellence (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Cen-
ter’’) to— 
(1) enhance the capability, cooperation, and in-
formation sharing among NATO, NATO member 
nations, and partners, with respect to cyber defense 
and warfare; and 
(2) facilitate education, research and develop-
ment, lessons learned and consultation in cyber de-
fense and warfare. 
(c) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall certify to the Committees on Armed Services 
of the House of Representatives and the Senate that the 
Secretary has assigned executive agent responsibility for 
the Center to an appropriate organization within the De-
partment of Defense, and detail the steps being under-
taken to strengthen the role of the Center in fostering 
cyber defense and warfare capabilities within NATO. 
(d) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall periodically brief the Committees on Armed 
Services of the House of Representatives and the Senate 
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on the efforts of the Department of Defense to strengthen 
the role of the Center in fostering cyber defense and war-
fare capabilities within NATO. 
SEC. 1272. NATO STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS CENTER 
OF EXCELLENCE. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—Of the amounts authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act for fiscal year 2018 for sup-
port of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (in this section 
referred to as ‘‘NATO’’) operations, as specified in the 
funding tables in division D, not more than $5,000,000 
may be obligated or expended for the purposes described 
in subsection (b). 
(b) PURPOSES.—The Secretary of Defense shall pro-
vide funds for the NATO Strategic Communications Cen-
ter of Excellence (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Cen-
ter’’) to— 
(1) enhance the capability, cooperation, and in-
formation sharing among NATO, NATO member 
nations, and partners, with respect to strategic com-
munications and information operations; and 
(2) facilitate education, research and develop-
ment, lessons learned, and consultation in strategic 
communications and information operations. 
(c) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
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Defense shall certify to the Committees on Armed Services 
of the House of Representatives and the Senate that the 
Secretary has assigned executive agent responsibility for 
the Center to an appropriate organization within the De-
partment of Defense, and detail the steps being under-
taken to strengthen the role of Center in fostering stra-
tegic communications and information operations within 
NATO. 
(d) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall periodically brief the committees listed in para-
graph (2) on the efforts of the Department of De-
fense to strengthen the role of the Center in fos-
tering strategic communications and information op-
erations within NATO. 
(2) COMMITTEES.—The committees listed in 
this paragraph are the following: 
(A) The Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives. 
(B) The Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate. 
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SEC. 1273. SECURITY AND STABILITY STRATEGY FOR SOMA-
LIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
that contains a comprehensive United States strategy to 
achieve long-term security and stability in Somalia and in-
cludes each of the following elements: 
(1) A description of United States strategic ob-
jectives in Somalia and the benchmarks for assessing 
progress toward such objectives. 
(2) An assessment of the threats posed to So-
malia, the broader region, the United States, and 
partners of the United States, by al-Shabaab and or-
ganizations affiliated with the Islamic State of Iraq 
and the Levant in Somalia, including the origins, 
strategic aims, tactical methods, funding sources, 
and leadership of each organization. 
(3) A description of the key international and 
United States governance, diplomatic, development, 
military, and intelligence resources available to ad-
dress instability in Somalia. 
(4) A plan to improve coordination among, and 
effectiveness of, United States governance, diplo-
matic, development, military, and intelligence re-
sources to counter the threat of al-Shabaab and or-
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ganizations affiliated with the Islamic State of Iraq 
and the Levant in Somalia. 
(5) A description of the role the United States 
is playing or will play to address political instability 
and support long-term security and stability in So-
malia. 
(6) A description of the contributions made by 
the African Union Mission in Somalia (in this sec-
tion referred to as ‘‘AMISOM’’) to security in Soma-
lia and an assessment of the anticipated duration of 
support provided to AMISOM by troop contributing 
countries. 
(7) A plan to train the Somali National Army 
and other Somali security forces, that also in-
cludes— 
(A) a description of the assistance provided 
by other countries for such training; and 
(B) a description of the efforts to integrate 
regional militias into the uniformed Somali se-
curity forces; and 
(C) a description of the security assistance 
authorities under which any such training 
would be provided by the United States and the 
recommendations of the Secretary to address 
any gaps under such authorities to advise, as-
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sist, or accompany the Somali National Army 
or other Somali security forces within appro-
priate roles and responsibilities that are not ful-
filled by other countries or by international or-
ganizations. 
(8) A description of the steps the United 
States, AMISOM, and any forces trained by the 
United States are taking in Somalia to minimize ci-
vilian casualties and other harm to civilians. 
(9) Any other matters the President considers 
appropriate. 
(b) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include 
a classified annex. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representa-
tives; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
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Appropriations, and the Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1274. ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL THEATER SECURITY 
COOPERATION MANAGEMENT INFORMATION 
SYSTEM. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port setting forth an assessment, obtained by the Sec-
retary for purposes of the report, of the effectiveness of 
measures taken to improve the functionality of the Global 
Theater Security Cooperation Management Information 
System (in this section referred to as the ‘‘G-TSCMIS’’). 
(b) INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The assessment obtained for 
purposes of subsection (a) shall be conducted by a 
federally funded research and development center 
(FFRDC), or another appropriate independent enti-
ty with expertise in security cooperation programs 
and activities of the Department of Defense, selected 
by the Secretary for purposes of the assessment. 
(2) USE
OF
PREVIOUS
STUDIES.—The entity 
conducting the assessment may use and incorporate 
information from previous studies on matters appro-
priate to the assessment. 
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(c) ELEMENTS.—The assessment obtained for pur-
poses of subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the extent to which secu-
rity cooperation organizations are entering con-
sistent, full, and accurate information into G- 
TSCMIS in a timely manner, and the impacts of in-
consistent, incomplete, inaccurate, and tardy data 
entry on the functionality of the G-TSCMIS as a 
tool for security cooperation planning, resource allo-
cation, and program adjustment. 
(2) An assessment of any measures taken by 
the Department of Defense to ensure the full scope 
of security cooperation activities are entered into the 
G-TSCMIS in a timely manner, including any guid-
ance issued or resource allocation determinations. 
(3) An assessment of the effectiveness of over-
sight measures to ensure the full scope of security 
cooperation activities are entered into the G- 
TSCMIS in a timely manner. 
(4) An assessment of utilization by and 
functionality for users of the G-TSCMIS across the 
Department of Defense, including the extent of G- 
TSCMIS business process reengineering that was 
conducted to best align needs from the functional 
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community with the capabilities of the information 
management tool. 
(5) Such other matters as the Secretary con-
siders appropriate. 
(d) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
SEC. 1275. FUTURE YEARS PLAN FOR THE EUROPEAN DE-
TERRENCE INITIATIVE. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense, in consultation with the Com-
mander of the United States European Command, 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a future years plan on activities and resources of the 
European Deterrence Initiative (in this section re-
ferred to as the ‘‘EDI’’). 
(2) APPLICABILITY.—The plan shall apply with 
respect fiscal year 2018 and at least the four suc-
ceeding fiscal years. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The plan required 
under subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A description of the objectives of the EDI. 
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(2) An assessment of resource requirements to 
achieve the objectives of the EDI. 
(3) An assessment of capabilities requirements 
to achieve the objectives of the EDI. 
(4) An assessment of logistics requirements, in-
cluding force enablers, equipment, supplies, storage, 
and maintenance requirements, to achieve the objec-
tives of the EDI. 
(5) An identification and assessment of re-
quired infrastructure investments to achieve the ob-
jectives of the EDI, including potential infrastruc-
ture investments by host nations and new construc-
tion or modernization of existing sites that would be 
funded by the United States. 
(6) An assessment of security cooperation in-
vestments required to achieve the objectives of the 
EDI. 
(7) A plan to fully resource United States force 
posture and capabilities, including— 
(A) details regarding the strategy to bal-
ance the force structure of the United States 
forces to source additional permanently sta-
tioned United States forces in Europe as a part 
of any planned growth in end strength and 
force posture; 
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(B) the infrastructure capacity of existing 
locations and their ability to accommodate addi-
tional permanently stationed United States 
forces in Europe; 
(C) the potential new locations for addi-
tional permanently stationed United States 
forces in Europe, including an assessment of in-
frastructure and military construction resources 
necessary to accommodate additional United 
States forces in Europe; 
(D) a detailed timeline to achieve desired 
permanent posture requirements; 
(E) a reevaluation of sites identified for di-
vestiture but not yet divested under the Euro-
pean Infrastructure Consolidation initiative, ac-
counting for updated military requirements; and 
(F) any changes and associated costs in-
curred with retaining each site identified for di-
vestiture but not yet divested under the Euro-
pean Infrastructure Consolidation initiative, in-
cluding 
possible 
leasing 
agreements, 
sustainment, and maintenance. 
(c) FORM.—The plan required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
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(d) LIMITATIONS.— 
(1) GENERAL LIMITATION.—The Secretary of 
Defense may not take any action to divest any site 
identified for divestiture but not yet divested under 
the European Infrastructure Consolidation initiative 
until the Secretary submits to the congressional de-
fense committees the plan required under subsection 
(a). 
(2) SITE-SPECIFIC LIMITATION.—In the case of 
a proposed divestiture of a site under the European 
Infrastructure Consolidation initiative, the Secretary 
of Defense may not take any action to divest the site 
unless prior to taking such action, the Secretary cer-
tifies to the congressional defense committees that 
no military requirement for future use of the site is 
foreseeable. 
SEC. 1276. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO 
AGREEMENTS WITH PARTICIPATING COUN-
TRIES IN THE AMERICAN, BRITISH, CANA-
DIAN, AND AUSTRALIAN ARMIES’ PROGRAM. 
Section 1274(g) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 112–239; 126 
Stat. 2026; 10 U.S.C. 2350a note) is amended by striking 
‘‘five years’’ and inserting ‘‘ten years’’. 
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SEC. 1277. SECURITY STRATEGY FOR YEMEN. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port that contains a security strategy for Yemen. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall include the following elements: 
(1) A discussion of the strategy’s compliance 
with applicable legal authorities. 
(2) A detailed description of the security envi-
ronment. 
(3) A detailed description of the threats posed 
by Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and the Is-
lamic State in Iraq and the Levant–Yemen Province, 
including the origins, leadership, strategic aims, tac-
tical methods, and resources attributable to each or-
ganization. 
(4) A detailed description of the threats posed 
to freedom of navigation through the Bab al Mandab 
Strait and waters in proximity to Yemen as well as 
any United States efforts to mitigate those threats. 
(5) A discussion of the ends, ways, and means 
inherent to the strategy. 
(6) A discussion of the strategy’s objectives re-
garding counterterrorism and long-term stability in 
Yemen. 
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(7) A plan to coordinate the United States dip-
lomatic, development, military, and intelligence re-
sources necessary to implement the strategy. 
(8) A detailed description of the roles of the 
United States Armed Forces in implementing the 
strategy. 
(c) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the House of Representa-
tives. 
(e) NO
AUTHORIZATION
FOR
DEPLOYMENT
OF 
ARMED FORCES.—None of the funds authorized to be ap-
propriated by this Act are authorized to be made available 
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to deploy members of the Armed Forces to participate in 
the ongoing civil war in Yemen. 
SEC. 1278. LIMITATION ON TRANSFER OF EXCESS DEFENSE 
ARTICLES THAT ARE HIGH MOBILITY MULTI- 
PURPOSE WHEELED VEHICLES. 
(a) LIMITATION.—The President may not transfer 
excess defense articles that are high mobility multi-pur-
pose wheeled vehicles under the authority of section 516 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j) 
to foreign countries until 30 days after the date on which 
the Comptroller General of the United States has sub-
mitted the report required under subsection (b) to the ap-
propriate congressional committees. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—The Comptroller General 
of the United States shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report on all proposed and com-
pleted transfers of excess defense articles that are high 
mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicles under the author-
ity of section 516 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2321j) during fiscal years 2012 through 2016. 
Such report shall include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the timing, rigorousness, 
and procedures used in conducting the analysis of 
the impact of each such transfer on the national 
technology and industrial base and, particularly, the 
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impact on opportunities of entities in the national 
technology and industrial base to sell new or used 
equipment to the countries to which such articles 
were to be or were transferred in accordance with 
section 516(b)(1)(E) of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j(b)(1)(E)). 
(2) Any other related matters the Comptroller 
General determines to be appropriate. 
(c) WAIVER.—The President may waive the limita-
tion in subsection (a) with respect to a proposed transfer 
of excess defense articles if the President— 
(1) determines that such transfer is in the na-
tional interest of the United States; and 
(2) notifies the appropriate congressional com-
mittees of such waiver in writing not less than 30 
days prior to such transfer. 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
(e) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall take effect 
on the date of the enactment of this Act and shall apply 
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with respect to letters of offer to transfer excess defense 
articles that are high mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehi-
cles issued on or after such date of enactment. 
SEC. 1279. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PROGRAM TO PRO-
TECT UNITED STATES STUDENTS AGAINST 
FOREIGN AGENTS. 
(a) PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Defense shall de-
velop and implement a program to prepare United States 
students studying abroad through Department of Defense 
National Security Education Programs to recognize and 
protect themselves against recruitment efforts by intel-
ligence agents. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall provide to the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
House of Representatives a briefing on the program re-
quired under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1280. EXTENSION OF UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ANTI- 
TUNNEL COOPERATION AUTHORITY. 
Section 1279(f) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 
Stat. 1079; 22 U.S.C. 8606 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘December 31, 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 
2020’’. 
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SEC. 1281. ANTICORRUPTION STRATEGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
United States engages in a contingency operation, the Sec-
retary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Admin-
istrator of the United States Agency for International De-
velopment, in consultation with the heads of other relevant 
Federal agencies, shall jointly develop a strategy to pre-
vent corruption in any reconstruction efforts associated 
with such operation and submit such strategy to— 
(1) the congressional defense committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives. 
(b) BENCHMARKS.—The strategy described in sub-
section (a) shall include measurable benchmarks to be met 
as a condition for disbursement of any funds for recon-
struction efforts associated with such operation. 
(c) REPORT.—For the duration of a contingency op-
eration for which the Secretary of Defense has submitted 
a strategy pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress an annual report evaluating the imple-
mentation and effectiveness of such strategy and describ-
ing any necessary adjustments to the strategy. 
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SEC. 1282. REPORT BY DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 
ON CERTAIN MILITARY CAPABILITIES OF 
CHINA AND RUSSIA. 
(a) REPORT.—The Director of the Defense Intel-
ligence Agency shall submit to the Secretary of Defense 
and the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the military capabilities of the People’s Republic of China 
and the Russian Federation. 
(b) MATTERS INCLUDED.—The report under sub-
section (a) shall include, with respect to the military of 
China and the military of Russia, the following: 
(1) An update on the presence, status, and ca-
pability of the military with respect to any national 
training centers similar to the Combat Training 
Center Program of the United States. 
(2) An analysis of a readiness deployment cycle 
of the military, including— 
(A) as compared to such a cycle of the 
United States; and 
(B) an identification of metrics used in the 
national training centers of that military. 
(3) A comprehensive investigation into the ca-
pability and readiness of the mechanized logistics of 
the army of the military, including— 
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(A) an analysis of field maintenance, 
sustainment maintenance, movement control, 
intermodal operations, and supply; and 
(B) how such functions under subpara-
graph (A) interact with specific echelons of that 
military. 
(4) An assessment of the future of mechanized 
army logistics of that military. 
(c) NONDUPLICATION OF EFFORTS.—The Defense 
Intelligence Agency may make use of or add to any exist-
ing reports completed by the Agency in order to respond 
to the reporting requirement. 
(d) FORM.—The report under subsection (a) may be 
submitted in classified form. 
(e) BRIEFING.—The Director shall provide a briefing 
to the Secretary and the committees specified in sub-
section (a) on the report under such subsection. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(1) the Committees on Armed Services of the 
House of Representatives and the Senate; and 
(2) the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives and the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
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SEC. 1283. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE NORTH ATLANTIC 
TREATY ORGANIZATION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO) has been the cornerstone of transatlantic 
security cooperation and an enduring instrument for 
promoting stability in Europe and around the world 
for over 65 years. 
(2) NATO currently faces a range of security 
challenges, including Russian aggression in Eastern 
Europe and instability and conflict in the Middle 
East and North Africa. 
(3) In light of these and other threats, NATO 
must have a credible deterrence to defend NATO 
members, if necessary, against adversaries or 
threats. 
(4) Since the 2014 NATO summit in Wales and 
the 2016 summit in Warsaw, NATO has made 
progress in implementing a Readiness Action Plan 
to enhance allied readiness and collective defense in 
response to Russian aggression. However, much 
work remains to be done. 
(5) NATO’s solidarity is strengthened by bol-
stering its conventional and nuclear deterrence, in-
creasing defense spending by NATO members, and 
continuing the enlargement of NATO. 
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(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) NATO members should— 
(A) continue to advance the NATO Open- 
Door Policy and build on the successes of pre-
vious enlargement initiatives; 
(B) continue to work with countries that 
are seeking to join NATO to prepare for entry; 
(C) commend Montenegro’s final accession 
to NATO; 
(D) seek a Dayton II agreement to resolve 
the constitutional issues faced by Bosnia and 
Herzegovina; 
(E) work with the Republic of Kosovo to 
prepare the country for entrance into the 
NATO Partnership for Peace program; 
(F) continue support for the NATO Mem-
bership Action Plan for Georgia; 
(G) implement specific plans to ensure that 
sufficient investments are made to meet NATO 
responsibilities, including by allocating at least 
2 percent of each member’s gross domestic 
product to defense spending, 20 percent of 
which should be dedicated to major equipment 
procurement, as agreed at the 2014 Wales 
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Summit and reaffirmed at the 2016 Warsaw 
Summit; 
(H) continue to build on efforts to identify 
and address, through consensus, the security 
threats facing the alliance, such as by enhanc-
ing counterterrorism activities; 
(I) continue to bolster deterrence efforts 
and promote the Enhanced Forward Presence 
in Eastern Europe; 
(J) as decided at the 2016 Warsaw Sum-
mit, use the new rotational deployments of four 
multinational combat battalions in Poland, 
Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia to promote sta-
bility in that region as well as to deter Russian 
aggression; and 
(K) invest in infrastructure projects nec-
essary to guarantee free and efficient movement 
throughout the territories of NATO members; 
and 
(2) the United States should commit to main-
taining a robust military presence in Europe as a 
means of promoting allied interoperability, providing 
visible assurance to NATO allies, and deterring Rus-
sian aggression in the region. 
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SEC. 1284. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE EXPORT OF DE-
FENSE ARTICLES TO TURKEY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) on June 6, 2017, the House of Representa-
tives voted unanimously to pass H. Res. 354, con-
demning the violence that took place outside the 
Turkish Ambassador’s residence on May 16, 2017, 
and calling on the perpetrators to be brought to jus-
tice under United States law; and 
(2) the security force that participated in this 
violence may be the recipient of arms exported from 
the United States under a proposed deal. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the proposed sale of semiautomatic handguns 
for export to Turkey should remain under scrutiny until 
a satisfactory and appropriate resolution is reached to the 
violence described in subsection (a)(1). 
SEC. 1285. STRATEGY TO IMPROVE DEFENSE INSTITUTIONS 
AND SECURITY SECTOR FORCES IN NIGERIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
that contains a comprehensive strategy to support im-
provements in defense institutions and security sector 
forces in Nigeria. 
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