(B) PROHIBITION ON SERVICE AS A RE-
POSITORY OF GOVERNMENT FUNDS.—Such fi-
nancial institution may not serve as an agent of 
the United States Government or serve as re-
pository for United States Government funds. 
The imposition of either sanction under subpara-
graph (A) or (B) shall be treated as one sanction for 
purposes of this title, and the imposition of both 
such sanctions shall be treated as two sanctions for 
purposes of this title. 
(5) PROCUREMENT
SANCTION.—The United 
States Government may not procure, or enter into 
any contract for the procurement of, any goods or 
services from a sanctioned person. 
(6) ADDITIONAL
SANCTIONS.—The President 
may impose sanctions, as appropriate, to restrict im-
ports with respect to a sanctioned person, in accord-
ance with the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 and following). 
(c) PERSONS AGAINST WHICH THE SANCTIONS ARE 
TO BE IMPOSED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The sanctions described in 
subsections (a) and (b) shall be imposed on— 
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(A) any person the President determines 
has carried out the activities described in sub-
section (a); and 
(B) any person the President determines— 
(i) is a successor entity to the person 
referred to in subparagraph (A); 
(ii) is a parent or subsidiary of the 
person referred to in subparagraph (A) if 
that parent or subsidiary engaged in the 
activities referred to in subparagraph (A); 
or 
(iii) is an affiliate of the person re-
ferred to in subparagraph (A) if that affil-
iate engaged in the activities referred to in 
paragraph (1) and if that affiliate is con-
trolled in fact by the person referred to in 
subparagraph (A). 
(2) SANCTIONED PERSON DEFINED.—For pur-
poses of this title, the term ‘‘sanctioned person’’ 
means any person or entity described in paragraph 
(1). 
(d) PUBLICATION
IN FEDERAL REGISTER.—The 
President shall cause to be published in the Federal Reg-
ister a current list of sanctioned persons. The removal of 
persons or entities from, and the addition of persons and 
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entities to, the list of sanctioned persons, shall also be so 
published. 
(e) PUBLICATION
OF PROJECTS.—The President 
shall cause to be published in the Federal Register a list 
of all projects which have been publicly tendered in the 
oil and gas sector in Syria. 
(f) EXCEPTIONS.—The President shall not be re-
quired to apply or maintain the sanctions specified in sub-
section (b)— 
(1) in the case of procurement of defense arti-
cles or defense services— 
(A) under existing contracts or sub-
contracts, including the exercise of options for 
production quantities to satisfy requirements 
essential to the national security of the United 
States; 
(B) if the President determines and cer-
tifies in writing to the appropriate congressional 
committees that the person to which the sanc-
tions would otherwise be applied is a sole source 
supplier of the defense articles or services, that 
the defense articles or services are essential, 
and that alternative sources are not readily or 
reasonably available; or 
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(C) if the President determines and cer-
tifies in writing to the appropriate congressional 
committees that such articles or services are es-
sential to the national security of the United 
States under defense coproduction agreements; 
(2) in the case of procurement, to eligible prod-
ucts, as defined in section 308(4) of the Trade 
Agreements Act of 1979 (19 U.S.C. 2518(4)), of 
any foreign country or instrumentality designated 
under section 301(b)(1) of that Act (19 U.S.C. 
2511(b)(1)); 
(3) to products, technology, or services provided 
under contracts entered into before the date on 
which the President publishes in the Federal Reg-
ister the name of the person with respect to whom 
the sanctions are to be imposed; 
(4) to— 
(A) spare parts which are essential to 
United States products or production; and 
(B) component parts, but not finished 
products, essential to United States products or 
production; and 
(5) to medicines, medical supplies, or other hu-
manitarian items. 
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SEC. 202. ADVISORY OPINIONS. 
The Secretary of State may, upon the request of any 
person, issue an advisory opinion to that person as to 
whether a proposed activity by that person would subject 
that person to sanctions under section 201. Any person 
who relies in good faith on such an advisory opinion which 
states that the proposed activity would not subject a per-
son to such sanctions, and any person who thereafter en-
gages in such activity, shall not be made subject to such 
sanctions on account of such activity. 
SEC. 203. TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS. 
The requirement to impose sanctions under section 
201 shall no longer have force or effect with respect to 
the Government of Syria if the President determines and 
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that 
the Government of Syria— 
(1) has ceased its efforts to design, develop, 
manufacture, or acquire— 
(A) a nuclear explosive device or related 
materials and technology; 
(B) chemical, biological, and radiological 
weapons; and 
(C) ballistic missiles and ballistic missile 
launch technology; 
(2) is no longer a country the government of 
which the Secretary of State has determined, for the 
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purposes of section 6(j) of the Export Administra-
tion Act of 1979, section 620A of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961, section 40 of the Arms Export 
Control Act, or any other provision of law, to be a 
government that has repeatedly provided support for 
acts of international terrorism; 
(3) is in compliance with all of its international 
commitments, including pertinent United Nations 
Security Council resolutions; 
(4) respects the territorial integrity, sov-
ereignty, and right to exist of neighboring countries; 
and 
(5) poses no threat to United States security, 
United States interests, and United States allies in 
the region. 
SEC. 204. DURATION OF SANCTIONS; PRESIDENTIAL WAIV-
ER. 
(a) DELAY OF SANCTIONS.— 
(1) CONSULTATIONS.—If the President makes a 
determination under section 201 that a sanction 
specified in such section should be imposed with re-
spect to a foreign person, Congress urges the Presi-
dent to initiate consultations immediately with the 
government with primary jurisdiction over the for-
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eign person with respect to the imposition of sanc-
tions under such section. 
(2) ACTIONS
BY
GOVERNMENT
OF
JURISDIC-
TION.—In order to pursue consultations under para-
graph (1) with the government with primary juris-
diction over a foreign person described in such para-
graph, the President may delay imposition of sanc-
tions under section 201 with respect to the foreign 
person for up to 90 days. Following such consulta-
tions with the government involved, the President 
shall immediately impose such sanctions unless the 
President determines and certifies to the appropriate 
congressional committees that the government has 
taken specific and effective actions, including the im-
position of appropriate penalties, to terminate the 
involvement of the foreign person in the activities 
that resulted in the determination by the President 
to impose sanctions under section 201 with respect 
to the person. 
(b) DURATION OF SANCTIONS.—A sanction imposed 
under section 201 shall remain in effect— 
(1) for a period of not less than two years from 
the date on which it is imposed; or 
(2) until such time as the President determines 
and certifies to the Congress that the person whose 
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activities were the basis for imposing the sanction is 
no longer engaging in such activities and that the 
President has received reliable assurances that such 
person will not engage in such activities in the fu-
ture, except that such sanction shall remain in effect 
for a period of not less than one year. 
(c) PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may, on a 
case by case basis, waive for a single period of not 
more than six months the application of a sanction 
imposed under section 201 with respect to a foreign 
person, if the President certifies to the appropriate 
congressional committees at least 30 days before 
such waiver is to take effect that— 
(A) such waiver is vital to the national se-
curity of the United States; and 
(B) the government of the country with re-
spect to which the foreign person is a national 
has undertaken substantial measures to prevent 
the acquisition and development of weapons of 
mass destruction by the Government of Syria 
and to deny the Government of Syria the re-
sources and capability to engage in the state- 
sponsorship of terrorism. 
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SEC. 205. DETERMINATIONS NOT REVIEWABLE. 
A determination to impose sanctions under section 
201 shall not be reviewable in any court. 
SEC. 206. EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES. 
Nothing in this title shall apply to any activities sub-
ject to the reporting requirements of title V of the Na-
tional Security Act of 1947. 
TITLE 
III—DIPLOMATIC 
EF-
FORTS TO ISOLATE THE GOV-
ERNMENT OF SYRIA 
SEC. 301. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO BILATERAL 
EFFORTS. 
It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State 
should ensure that United States diplomatic personnel 
abroad understand and, in their contacts with foreign offi-
cials, are communicating the reasons for United States 
policy and sanctions against the Government of Syria, and 
are urging foreign governments to cooperate more effec-
tively with the Government of the United States in com-
pelling the Government of Syria to cease policies and ac-
tivities that threaten global peace and security. 
SEC. 302. OPPOSITION TO SYRIA’S MEMBERSHIP AND CAN-
DIDACY FOR LEADERSHIP POSTS IN UNITED 
NATIONS INSTITUTIONS. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations, United Na-
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tions organizations and entities, and United Nations-affili-
ated agencies and bodies, to continue to use the voice and 
vote of the United States to oppose Syria’s membership 
and candidacy for leadership posts in such institutions, 
and engage in diplomatic efforts to secure multilateral 
support for such efforts. 
SEC. 303. ACTIONS AT THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL AS-
SEMBLY. 
The President shall take the necessary steps to secure 
support for the adoption of a resolution at the United Na-
tions General Assembly holding the Government of Syria 
accountable for its systematic violations of human rights 
of Syrian and Lebanese citizens and calling for the ap-
pointment of a United Nations Special Rapporteur to in-
vestigate such human rights violations. 
SEC. 304. ACTIONS AT INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTI-
TUTIONS. 
The President shall instruct the United States Exec-
utive Director at each international financial institution 
(as defined in section 1701(c)(2) of the International Fi-
nancial Institutions Act) to use the voice and vote of the 
United States to oppose any loan or other assistance to 
Syria and to oppose Syria’s membership in the institution. 
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SEC. 305. ACTIONS AT THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-
ERGY AGENCY. 
The President shall instruct the United States Per-
manent Representative to the International Atomic En-
ergy Agency (IAEA) to— 
(1) seek the adoption of a resolution calling on 
Syria to declare all nuclear-related facilities, imme-
diately and unconditionally suspend any activity 
which could be used to develop nuclear-weapons ca-
pability, and provide full access to IAEA inspectors 
to its nuclear-related facilities; 
(2) block the allocation of funds for IAEA de-
velopment, environmental, or nuclear-related assist-
ance or activity to the Government of Syria or any 
agency or instrumentality thereof until the deter-
minations set forth in paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
section 102 have been met; and 
(3) block membership of the Government of 
Syria on the Board of Governors of the IAEA. 
SEC. 306. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES AND RE-
GIONAL CONTACT GROUPS. 
The President shall seek to establish contact groups 
with relevant countries in the Middle East to provide fo-
rums in which United States officials who are responsible 
for counter-proliferation efforts are able to meet, at least 
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