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improved methods for community involvement, col-
laborative planning, and conflict resolution; develop 
operational definitions and indicators for environ-
mental justice and social equity as the concepts per-
tain to transportation; develop and demonstrate 
methods that can be used to display the incidence of 
transportation project and program effects, both 
beneficial and adverse, and develop improved meth-
ods for evaluating costs and benefits when they are 
not evenly distributed, including environmental and 
social justice impact criteria in system performance 
measures used in transportation planning and in-
vestment decisions; continue and expand studies on 
the comparative costs of transportation and the ef-
fects of different development patterns, particularly 
for economically disadvantaged communities; and de-
velop and test new methods for integrating public in-
volvement into transportation analysis and decision-
making, and examine the implications of emerging 
citizen coalitions for environmental and social jus-
tice. 
‘‘(4) EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES.—Emerging 
technologies to assist in the transition to environ-
mentally benign fuels and vehicles for passengers 
and freight; develop responses to and demand for
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new technologies that could offer improved environ-
mental performance; identify possible applications of 
intelligent transportation systems technologies for 
environmental benefit; develop policy instruments 
that would encourage the development of beneficial 
new technologies in a cost-effective manner; respond 
to the impact of new technologies; and analyze user 
response to and future demand for environmentally 
beneficial vehicles, fuels, and mobility services, such 
as the demand for and use of new environmentally 
beneficial vehicles and fuels. 
‘‘(5) LAND USE.—Land use to assess land con-
sumption trends and contributing factors of trans-
portation investment, housing policies, school qual-
ity, and consumer preferences; incorporate impacts 
of transportation investments on location decision 
and land use; identify the costs and benefits of cur-
rent development patterns and their transportation 
implications; determine the effect of the built envi-
ronment on people’s willingness to walk, drive, or 
take public transportation; determine the roles of 
public policy and institutional arrangements in cur-
rent and prospective land use and transportation 
choices; develop improved data, methods, and proc-
esses for considering land use, transportation, and
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the environment in an integrated, systematic fash-
ion; continue and expand research on the impacts of 
transportation facilities; and assess and compare al-
ternative transportation and land use strategies, 
such as models for regional cooperation. 
‘‘(6) PLANNING
AND
PERFORMANCE
MEAS-
URES.—Planning and performance measures to im-
prove understanding of travel needs and preferences; 
improve planning methods for system analysis, fore-
casting, and decisionmaking; expand information on 
consumer choice processes and travel and activity 
patterns for both local and long-distance trips and 
both passenger and freight transportation analysis 
of social, environmental, and economic benefits and 
cost of various transport options; develop tools for 
measuring and forecasting complex transportation 
decisions for all modes and users; develop perform-
ance measures and policy analysis approaches that 
can be used to determine effectiveness; develop a 
more effective understanding of the perceptions and 
priorities of the transportation system’s customers 
(users and taxpayers); develop a more effective un-
derstanding of the nature of personal travel, as well 
as associated trends and decision processes; develop 
a more effective understanding of the nature of com-
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mercial travel and the freight industry, as well as as-
sociated trends and decision processes, including key 
trends such as e-commerce and e-freight; develop a 
more effective understanding of the role of transpor-
tation services and facilities in the economy; develop 
techniques for identifying community aspirations 
and crafting community and regional visions related 
to transportation planning; develop tools that incor-
porate the complex dynamics of travel behavior, and 
develop the reliable data sets needed for these mod-
els; and develop methods and institutional structures 
for integrating transportation planning, program-
ming, design, and operation. 
‘‘(7) OTHER
RESEARCH
AREAS.—Other re-
search areas to identify and address the emerging 
and future surface transportation research needs re-
lated to planning and environment. 
‘‘(f) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of the 
cost of an activity carried out under this section shall be 
up to 100 percent, and such funds shall remain available 
until expended. 
‘‘(g) USE OF NON-FEDERAL FUNDS.—In addition to 
using funds authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
section, the National Academy of Sciences may seek and 
accept additional funding sources to carry out this section
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from public and private entities capable of attracting and 
accepting funding from the Department of Transpor-
tation, Environmental Protection Agency, Department of 
Energy, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and 
other Federal environmental agencies, States, local gov-
ernments, nonprofit foundations, and the private sector. 
‘‘(h) SOUND
AND OBJECTIVE SCIENTIFIC PRAC-
TICES.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Assessments of risks to 
human health or the environment and research con-
ducted under this section shall use sound and objec-
tive scientific practices. Assessments of risks to 
human health or the environment conducted under 
this section, where such an assessment concerns the 
evaluation of multiple studies, shall consider the best 
available science, and shall include a description of 
the weight of the scientific evidence. 
‘‘(2) FEDERAL
AGENCIES.—Federal agencies 
using studies funded under this section to conduct 
an assessment of risks to human health or the envi-
ronment shall use sound and objective scientific 
practices in assessing risks, shall consider the best 
available science, and shall include a description of 
the weight of the scientific evidence.’’.
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(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The analysis for 
chapter 5 of such title is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 507 and inserting the following:
‘‘507. Surface transportation environment and planning cooperative research 
program.’’.
(c) FUNDING.—Of the amounts made available by 
section 5101(a)(1) of this Act, $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
2004 and $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2005 
through 2009 shall be available to carry out section 507 
of title 23, United States Code. 
SEC. 5204. TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT. 
(a) TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM.—Section 
503(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in the subsection heading by striking ‘‘INI-
TIATIVES AND PARTNERSHIPS’’; 
(2) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall 
develop and administer a national technology deploy-
ment program.’’; 
(3) by striking paragraph (7) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(7) GRANTS, COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS, AND 
CONTRACTS.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Under the program, 
the Secretary shall make grants to, and enter