‘‘(1) Implementing key strategies and following 
priorities and objectives outlined by the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s 2019 re-
port ‘Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program’. 
‘‘(2) In coordination with the National Science 
and Technology Council’s Social and Behavioral 
Sciences Subcommittee and other relevant inter-
agency committees, improving the social, behavioral, 
risk, communications, and economic sciences related 
to vulnerabilities, risk communication, and delivery 
of information critical for reducing the loss of life or 
property related to hurricanes. 
‘‘(3) Improving the physical sciences, oper-
ational modeling, and tools related to hurricane for-
mation, the impacts of wind and water-based hurri-
cane hazards on the built and natural environment, 
and the interaction of hurricanes and tornadoes. 
‘‘(d) WARNINGS.—In carrying out subsection (a), the 
Under Secretary, in coordination with the program estab-
lished under section 406, shall— 
‘‘(1) conduct and transition to operations the 
research necessary to develop and deploy prob-
abilistic weather forecast guidance technology relat-
ing to hurricanes and related weather phenomena; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00013
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(2) incorporate into hurricane modeling and 
forecasting, as appropriate, social, behavioral, risk, 
communication, and economic sciences research; and 
‘‘(3) expand computational resources to support 
and improve higher-resolution operational modeling 
of hurricanes and related weather phenomena. 
‘‘(e) ANNUAL BUDGET.—The Under Secretary shall, 
not less frequently than annually, submit to Congress a 
proposed budget corresponding with carrying out this sec-
tion.’’. 
SEC. 105. TSUNAMI WARNING AND EDUCATION ACT REAU-
THORIZATION. 
(a) TITLE HEADING.—The Tsunami Warning and 
Education Act (enacted as title VIII of the Magnuson-Ste-
vens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthoriza-
tion Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–479)) is amended, in 
the title heading for title VIII, by inserting ‘‘RE-
SEARCH,’’ after ‘‘WARNING,’’. 
(b) PURPOSES.—Section 803 of the Tsunami Warn-
ing and Education Act (33 U.S.C. 3202) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘timeliness 
and’’ before ‘‘accuracy’’; 
(2) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘and’’ after 
the semicolon; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00014
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(3) in paragraph (8), by striking the period and 
inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(9) to ensure data and metadata are managed, 
archived, and made available for operations, re-
search, education, and mitigation activities in ac-
cordance with section 305 of the Weather Research 
and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017.’’. 
(c) TSUNAMI FORECASTING
AND WARNING PRO-
GRAM.—Section 804 of the Tsunami Warning and Edu-
cation Act (33 U.S.C. 3203) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (4), by inserting ‘‘, using 
industry and scientific best practices,’’ after 
‘‘operational condition’’; 
(B) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘global seismic network’’ and inserting 
‘‘Global Seismic Network’’; 
(ii) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(D), (E), (F), and (G), as subparagraphs 
(E), (F), (G), and (H), respectively; and 
(iii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(C) the following new subparagraph: 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00015
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(D) the global navigation satellite system 
(GNSS) network;’’; 
(C) by amending paragraph (6) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(6) ensure data quality and management sys-
tems, support data and metadata access and 
archiving, and support the requirements of the pro-
gram pursuant to the Foundations for Evidence- 
Based Policymaking Act of 2018 (Public Law 115– 
435) and chapter 31 of title 44, United States 
Code;’’; 
(D) in paragraph (7)— 
(i) by amending the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ‘‘in-
clude a cooperative effort among the Ad-
ministration, the United States Geological 
Survey (USGS), the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration (NASA), and 
the National Science Foundation (NSF) 
under which the Director of USGS, the Di-
rector of the NSF, and the Administrator 
of NASA shall—’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(C) provide reliable and real-time support 
for the GNSS network data streams from NSF, 
NASA, and USGS maintained networks, and 
supplement instrumentation coverage for rapid 
earthquake assessment; 
‘‘(D) assess the data and information re-
lating to warning systems of collaborating agen-
cies for potential utilization in NOAA’s warning 
system, taking into consideration advancement 
in research and technology; 
‘‘(E) incorporate, as practicable, tsunami 
notifications and warnings in the USGS Earth-
quake Early Warning System; and 
‘‘(F) incorporate, as practicable, prelimi-
nary analysis or data from the National Earth-
quake Information Center regarding the source 
and magnitude of an offshore earthquake with-
in five minutes of detection;’’; 
(E) in paragraph (8)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and decision support 
aides’’ after ‘‘graphical warning prod-
ucts,’’; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00017
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(ii) by inserting ‘‘-prone’’ after ‘‘tsu-
nami’’; 
(F) in paragraph (9), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; 
(G) in paragraph (10), by striking the pe-
riod and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(H) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(11) update tsunami inundation maps, models, 
or other geographic products, in order to best sup-
port, as appropriate, relevant agencies with tsunami 
mitigation and recovery activities.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by striking paragraph (1) and redesig-
nating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
(1) and (2), respectively; and 
(B) in paragraph (1), as so redesignated— 
(i) by striking ‘‘the Atlantic Ocean, 
including the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of 
Mexico, that are determined—’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘the Pacific, Arctic, and Atlantic 
Oceans, including the Caribbean Sea and 
Gulf of Mexico, that are determined to 
pose significant risks of tsunami for States 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00018
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
and United States territories along the 
coastal areas of such regions; and’’; and 
(ii) by striking subparagraphs (A) and 
(B); 
(3) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), (f), 
and (g) as subsections (e), (f), (g), and (h), respec-
tively; 
(4) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(d) TSUNAMI WARNING ALERT LEVEL EVALUA-
TION.—The Administrator, in collaboration with social sci-
entists, emergency personnel, and high-risk communities, 
shall— 
‘‘(1) evaluate tsunami alert levels terminology, 
timing, and effectiveness; 
‘‘(2) determine if such alerts produce the de-
sired response and understanding from possible tsu-
nami-prone communities; and 
‘‘(3) if necessary, update the alert level system 
for increased effectiveness.’’; 
(5) in subsection (e), as so redesignated— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by inserting ‘‘responsible for 
Alaska, the continental United States, Ha-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00019
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
waii, United States territories, and inter-
national entities the Administrator deter-
mines appropriate’’ before the period; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘which is primarily responsible for Alaska 
and the continental United States’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘, which is primarily responsible for Ha-
waii, the Caribbean, and other areas of the 
Pacific not covered by the National Cen-
ter’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘current,’’ after ‘‘sea level,’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘and volcanic eruptions’’ and inserting 
‘‘volcanic eruptions, or other sources’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘buoy data and tidal’’ and inserting ‘‘and 
coastal’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘Integrated Ocean Observing System of 
the Administration’’ and inserting ‘‘United 
States and global ocean and coastal observ-
ing system’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00020
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(v) in subparagraph (H), by inserting 
‘‘monitoring needs,’’ after ‘‘response,’’; and 
(vi) by amending subparagraph (I) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(I) Providing a Tsunami Warning Coordi-
nator to coordinate with partners and stake-
holders products and services of the centers 
supported or maintained under paragraph (1).’’; 
(C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(3) FAIL-SAFE
WARNING
CAPABILITY.—The 
Administrator shall support and maintain fail-safe 
warning capability for the tsunami warning centers 
supported or maintained under paragraph (1), and 
such centers shall conduct at least one service back 
up drill biannually.’’; 
(D) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) by amending the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ‘‘The 
Administrator shall coordinate with the 
weather forecast offices of the National 
Weather Service, the centers supported or 
maintained under paragraph (1), and such 
national and regional program offices of 
the Administration as the Administrator or 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
the coordinating committee, as established 
in section 805(b), consider appropriate to 
ensure that regional and local weather 
forecast offices—’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
(iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) conduct education and outreach ef-
forts to help prepare coastal communities for 
tsunami hazards.’’; 
(E) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘UNIFORM’’ and inserting ‘‘STANDARD-
IZED’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘uniform’’ and inserting ‘‘standardized’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (C)(ii), by strik-
ing ‘‘uniform’’ and inserting ‘‘standard-
ized’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00022
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(v) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(vi) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(F) align the analytic techniques and 
methodologies of the existing tsunami warning 
centers supported or maintained under para-
graph (1) to ensure seamless continuity of oper-
ations and mitigate risk of operational failure 
by prioritizing investments that include— 
‘‘(i) replacing end of life equipment; 
‘‘(ii) ensuring product consistency; 
‘‘(iii) enabling consistent operational 
process for backup capabilities; 
‘‘(iv) mitigating existing operational 
security risks; and 
‘‘(v) meeting information security re-
quirements specified in chapter 35 of title 
44, United States Code.’’; and 
(F) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(7) REPORTING.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this paragraph 
and annually thereafter until such time as all rel-
evant requirements have been satisfied, the Adminis-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00023
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
trator shall provide to the Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate an update briefing on 
the progress of the following: 
‘‘(A) Standardizing products and proce-
dures under paragraph (5), including tsunami 
assessments, forecast guidance, and related 
products. 
‘‘(B) Migrating the message generation 
systems of the centers supported or maintained 
under paragraph (1) to the Advanced Weather 
Information Processing Systems, or successor 
systems. 
‘‘(C) The structural reorganization effort, 
if necessary, to align such centers’ organiza-
tional charts. 
‘‘(D) The expected timeline for the full 
completion of standardizing such centers’ prod-
ucts and procedures.’’; 
(6) in subsection (f), as so redesignated— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by inserting ‘‘detect, measure, 
and’’ after ‘‘used to’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00024
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
(iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘and the Advanced National Seismic Sys-
tem’’ and inserting ‘‘the Advanced Na-
tional Seismic System, and the global navi-
gation satellite system (GNSS); and’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) ensure research is coordinated with 
tsunami warning operations;’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘accord-
ing to industry best practices’’ before the pe-
riod; and 
(7) in subsection (h)(2)(A), as so redesignated, 
by striking ‘‘accuracy of the tsunami model used’’ 
and inserting ‘‘timeliness and accuracy of the fore-
cast used to issue the warning’’. 
(d) NATIONAL TSUNAMI HAZARD MITIGATION PRO-
GRAM.—Section 805(c) of the Tsunami Warning and Edu-
cation Act (33 U.S.C. 3204(c)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (5)— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), 
(C), (D), (E), (F), and (G) as subparagraphs 
(C), (D), (E), (F), (G), and (H), respectively; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00025
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 
the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(B) Coastal digital elevation models 
(DEMs) to support the development of inunda-
tion maps.’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraphs: 
‘‘(I) Evaluation of the variation of inunda-
tion impact resulting from tsunami-driven sedi-
ment transport. 
‘‘(J) Evaluation of tsunami debris impact 
on critical infrastructure (as such term is de-
fined in section 1016(e) of Public Law 107–56 
(42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))) and lifelines. 
‘‘(K) High-resolution and high-quality dig-
ital elevation models needed for at-risk coast-
lines, ports, and harbors, particularly for re-
gions not covered by existing inundation 
maps.’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (7)(C), by inserting ‘‘and be-
havioral’’ after ‘‘social’’; 
(e) TSUNAMI RESEARCH PROGRAM.—Section 806 of 
the Tsunami Warning and Education Act (33 U.S.C. 
3205) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00026
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(A) by striking ‘‘section 805(d)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘section 805(b)’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘and management’’ after 
‘‘data collection’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘deploy-
ment and’’ after ‘‘may include’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘social 
science research’’ and inserting ‘‘social and be-
havioral science research, including data collec-
tion,’’; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; 
(D) by redesignating paragraph (5) as 
paragraph (7); and 
(E) by inserting after paragraph (4) the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(5) develop decision support tools; 
‘‘(6) leverage and prioritize research opportuni-
ties; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN.—Not 
later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of 
this subsection and not less frequently than every 36 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00027
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
months thereafter, the Administrator, in consultation with 
the Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological 
Services, shall develop a research and development and re-
search to operations plan to improve tsunami detection 
and forecasting capabilities that— 
‘‘(1) identifies and prioritizes research and de-
velopment priorities to satisfy section 804; 
‘‘(2) identifies key research needs for better de-
tecting tsunamis that may occur in open ocean and 
along the coastlines of the United States and its ter-
ritories, improve forecasting of tsunamis that are 
not seismically driven, and other opportunities deter-
mined appropriate; 
‘‘(3) develops plans for transitioning research to 
operations; and 
‘‘(4) identifies collaboration opportunities that 
may further and align tsunami research, develop-
ment, warnings, and operations between the centers 
supported or maintained under section 804, the Na-
tional Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program, the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cen-
ter for Tsunami Research, the National Science 
Foundation, the United States Geological Survey, 
the Federal Emergency Management Agency, insti-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00028
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
tutions of higher education, private entities, stake-
holders, and others determined appropriate.’’; 
(f) GLOBAL TSUNAMI WARNING AND MITIGATION 
NETWORK.—Section 807(d) of the Tsunami Warning and 
Education Act (33 U.S.C. 3206(d)) is amended by insert-
ing ‘‘and management’’ after ‘‘data sharing’’. 
(g) TSUNAMI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ADVISORY 
PANEL.—Section 808(b)(1) of the Tsunami Warning and 
Education Act (33 U.S.C. 3206a(b)(1)) is amended by in-
serting ‘‘and behavioral’’ after ‘‘social’’. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
809 of the Tsunami Warning and Education Act (33 
U.S.C. 3207) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 809. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to the Ad-
ministrator to carry out this title $30,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2026 through 2030, of which— 
‘‘(1) not less than 27 percent of the amount ap-
propriated for each fiscal year shall be for activities 
conducted at the State level under the national tsu-
nami hazard mitigation program under section 805; 
and 
‘‘(2) not less than 8 percent of the amount ap-
propriated shall be for the tsunami research pro-
gram under section 806.’’. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00029
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
SEC. 106. OBSERVING SYSTEM PLANNING. 
Section 106 of the Weather Research and Fore-
casting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 8516) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘Federal’’ before ‘‘observ-
ing capabilities’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (4)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, including private sector 
partnerships or commercial acquisition,’’ after 
‘‘options’’; and 
(B) by striking the period and inserting a 
semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraphs: 
‘‘(5) compare costs and schedule, including 
cost-benefit analysis, of Federal and private sector 
supplemental options to fill the observation data re-
quirements under paragraph (1) and gaps identified 
pursuant to paragraph (3); and 
‘‘(6) not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this paragraph, submit to Congress 
a report that provides an analysis of the technical, 
schedule, cost, and cost benefit analyses to place an 
operational polar-orbiting environmental satellite ca-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00030
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
pability in the early morning orbit to support the 
weather enterprise and the Administration’s mis-
sion.’’. 
SEC. 107. OBSERVING SYSTEM SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS. 
Section 107 of the Weather Research and Fore-
casting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 8517) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ‘‘providing 
data’’ and inserting ‘‘comparison to current or ex-
perimental commercial system capabilities that pro-
vide data’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ‘‘, including 
polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite systems,’’; 
(3) by striking subsection (d); and 
(4) by redesignating subsection (e) as sub-
section (d). 
SEC. 108. COMPUTING RESOURCES PRIORITIZATION. 
Section 108 of the Weather Research and Fore-
casting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 8518) is 
amended by striking subsection (a)(3)(C) and all that fol-
lows through subsection (b)(7) and inserting the following 
new subsections: 
‘‘(b) COMPUTING RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary, in 
collaboration with the Secretary of Energy, shall 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00031
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
carry out an initiative, which may leverage Depart-
ment of Energy high performance computers, cloud 
computing, or expertise, to run advanced coupled 
models in order to conduct proof of concept sce-
narios in comparison with current issued forecasts 
and models. The Under Secretary and Secretary of 
Energy shall carry out the initiative through a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider appli-
cations from Federal agencies, National Labora-
tories, institutions of higher education (as such term 
is defined in section 101 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), nonprofit institu-
tions, and other appropriate entities (or a consortia 
thereof). 
‘‘(2) COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the initia-
tive under paragraph (1), the Under Secretary shall 
prevent duplication and coordinate research efforts 
in artificial intelligence, high performance com-
puting, cloud computing, quantum computing, mod-
eling and simulation, machine learning, data assimi-
lation, large scale data analytics, and predictive 
analysis across the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration, and may— 
‘‘(A) conduct research to compare National 
Weather Service forecast and model outputs to 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00032
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
predictions 
and 
model 
outputs 
developed 
through such initiative; 
‘‘(B) share relevant modeling system and 
applications innovations developed through such 
initiative, including Unified Forecast System- 
based applications, through community-based 
activities, in accordance with section 10601 of 
the James M. Inhofe National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (15 U.S.C. 
8512a); 
‘‘(C) leverage coordinating activities man-
aged by the National Science and Technology 
Council, the Interagency Council for Advancing 
Meteorological Services, and other relevant 
interagency entities; 
‘‘(D) provide sufficient capacity for long- 
term archive and access of model output to sup-
port research and long-term study; 
‘‘(E) determine computing decisions based 
on an agile requirements framework; and 
‘‘(F) support the training, recruitment, 
and retention of the next generation weather, 
water, 
and 
climate 
computing 
workforce 
through incentives and pathways for career de-
velopment and employment opportunities. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00033
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(3) RESEARCH SECURITY.—The activities au-
thorized under this section shall be applied in a 
manner consistent with subtitle D of title VI of the 
Research and Development, Competition, and Inno-
vation Act (enacted as division B of Public Law 
117–167; 42 U.S.C. 19231 et seq.). 
‘‘(4) TERMINATION.—The authority under this 
subsection shall terminate five years after the date 
of the enactment of this subsection. 
‘‘(c) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INVESTMENTS.— 
The Under Secretary shall leverage artificial intelligence 
and machine learning technologies to facilitate, optimize, 
and further leverage advanced computing to accomplish 
critical missions of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration by enhancing existing and forthcoming 
high-performance and cloud computing infrastructure or 
systems. 
‘‘(d) CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE.—The Under Sec-
retary may expand, and where applicable establish, centers 
of excellence to aid the adoption of next-generation artifi-
cial intelligence and machine learning enabled advanced 
computing capabilities. Each such center may carry out 
activities that include the following: 
‘‘(1) Leveraging robust public-private partner-
ship models to provide access to training, experience, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00034
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
and long-term development of workforce and infra-
structure. 
‘‘(2) Developing and optimizing tools, libraries, 
algorithms, data structures, and other supporting 
software necessary for specific applications on high 
performance computing systems. 
‘‘(3) Applying modern artificial intelligence, 
deep machine-learning, and advanced data analysis 
technologies to address current and future mission 
challenges. 
‘‘(4) To the maximum extent practicable, ex-
plore quantum computing and related application 
partnerships with public, private, and academic enti-
ties to improve the accuracy and resolution of weath-
er predictions. 
‘‘(e) MULTI-YEAR CONTRACTS.—The Under Sec-
retary may enter into multi-year contracts in accordance 
with section 3903 of title 41, United States Code, and 
shall ensure compliance with all clauses provided in such 
section to support operations, research, and development 
related to high performance and cloud computing infra-
structure or systems with an unfunded contingent liability 
in the event of cancellation. 
‘‘(f) REPORT.—Not later than two years after the 
date of the enactment of this subsection, the Under Sec-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00035
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
retary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
the Senate a report evaluating the following: 
‘‘(1) The effectiveness of the initiative required 
under subsection (b), including applied research dis-
coveries and advanced modeling improvements 
achieved. 
‘‘(2) A best estimate of the overall value of 
high-resolution probabilistic forecast guidance for 
hazardous weather or water events (as such term is 
defined in section 406) using a next-generation 
weather forecast and warning framework. 
‘‘(3) The needs for cloud computing, quantum 
computing, or high-performance computing, visual-
ization, and dissemination collaboration between the 
Department of Energy and the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration. 
‘‘(4) A timeline and guidance for implementa-
tion of the following: 
‘‘(A) High-resolution numerical weather 
prediction models. 
‘‘(B) Methods for meeting the cloud com-
puting, quantum computing, or high-perform-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00036
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
ance computing, visualization, and dissemina-
tion needs identified under paragraph (3).’’. 
SEC. 109. EARTH PREDICTION INNOVATION CENTER. 
Paragraph (5) of section 102(b) of the Weather Re-
search and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 
8512(b)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
after the semicolon; and 
(2) by striking subparagraph (E) and inserting 
the following new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(E) developing community weather re-
search modeling systems that— 
‘‘(i) are accessible by the public in ac-
cordance with section 10601 of the James 
M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (15 U.S.C. 
8512a) and available for archive and long- 
term study; 
‘‘(ii) meet basic end-user requirements 
for running on public computers and net-
works located outside of secure National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
information and technology systems; 
‘‘(iii) utilize, whenever appropriate 
and cost-effective, innovative strategies and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00037
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
methods, including cloud-based computing 
capabilities, for hosting and management 
of part or all of the system described in 
this subparagraph; 
‘‘(iv) utilize modeling systems that 
allow for interoperability with new model 
components, modules, and next-generation 
software and coding languages; 
‘‘(v) allow for open testing and inte-
gration of promising operational model im-
provements from the broader community; 
‘‘(vi) access as close to a real-time 
basis as possible operational data and 
metadata, including commercially pur-
chased data for use in Earth Prediction 
Innovation Center research and develop-
ment testing grounds pursuant to redis-
tribution restrictions, licensing agreements, 
and applicable existing laws and regula-
tions; and 
‘‘(vii) provide supported and portable 
versions of the unified forecast system, in-
cluding applications for hurricane, space 
weather, ocean, cryosphere, air quality, 
and coastal models, that can reproduce 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00038
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
current operational global and regional 
model prediction; and 
‘‘(F) establishing a National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration Data Lake, to be 
maintained by the Administration, a commercial 
partner, or non-profit entity, that consolidates 
and maintains a publicly available and continu-
ously updated collection of data and metadata 
used in numerical weather prediction for use in 
the Earth Prediction Innovation Center’s model 
testing, pursuant to redistribution restrictions, 
licensing agreements, and applicable existing 
laws and regulations.’’. 
SEC. 110. SATELLITE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING. 
Section 301 of the Weather Research and Fore-
casting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 8531) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking paragraph (1) 
and redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) as 
paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), respectively; 
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN-
ISTRATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS AND DATA.— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00039
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary shall 
maintain a fleet of Administration space-based ob-
servation platforms that provide critical operations- 
focused data and information to support the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s 
mission to monitor the global environment in order 
to protect lives and property from extreme weather 
and other natural phenomena. 
‘‘(2) COLLABORATION.—The Under Secretary 
shall implement recommendations from the NOAA 
Observing Systems Council to ensure an appropriate 
mix of government, academic, commercial sector, 
and international partnerships in the provision of 
data and information, including a broadened effort 
on data acquisition through the Commercial Data 
Program under section 302 when cost effective and 
beneficial to the Administration. 
‘‘(3) PRIORITY.—The Under Secretary shall en-
sure that Administration platforms maintained 
under paragraph (1) prioritize the development of 
products and services that are tailored to meet the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s 
mission. 
‘‘(4) NATIONAL CENTERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 
INFORMATION.—The Under Secretary shall maintain 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00040
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
the National Centers for Environmental Information 
to provide a long-term archive and access to the Ad-
ministration’s 
national 
and 
global 
data 
and 
metadata.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (f)(1), by striking ‘‘2023’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2030’’. 
SEC. 111. IMPROVING UNCREWED ACTIVITIES. 
Subparagraph (G) of section 102(b)(3) of the Weath-
er Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 
U.S.C. 8512(b)(3)) is amended by striking ‘‘, including 
commercial observing systems’’ and inserting ‘‘, including 
stationary and mobile commercial observing systems, such 
as uncrewed aircraft and marine systems, to provide ob-
servations of the atmosphere and ocean, and other obser-
vations, in cooperation with the Office of Marine and Avia-
tion Operations’’. 
SEC. 112. INTERAGENCY COUNCIL FOR ADVANCING METE-
OROLOGICAL SERVICES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 402 of the Weather Re-
search and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 
8542) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘Advancing Weather Serv-
ices’’ and inserting ‘‘Advancing Meteorological 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00041
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
Services (in this section referred to as the 
‘Interagency Council’)’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘Committee’’ each place it 
appears and inserting ‘‘Council’’; 
(2) by amending subsections (b) and (c) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(b) CO-CHAIRS.—The Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy and the Under Secretary 
shall serve as co-chairs of the Interagency Council. The 
Under Secretary shall serve as the Federal Coordinator 
for Meteorology. 
‘‘(c) FURTHER COORDINATION.—The Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy shall take such 
steps as are necessary to coordinate the activities of the 
Federal Government with stakeholders in the United 
States weather industry, academic partners, State govern-
ments, and emergency managers, including by imple-
menting mechanisms to encourage and enable the partici-
pation of non-Federal employees in the functions of the 
Interagency Council.’’; 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(d) FUNCTIONS.—The Interagency Council shall be 
the formal mechanism by which all relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies coordinate implementation of pol-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00042
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
icy and practices to ensure United States global leadership 
in meteorological services. In doing so, the Interagency 
Council shall review programs and support relevant weath-
er research and forecast innovation activities, as well as 
other related implementation activities, related to Federal 
meteorological services, including by carrying out the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(1) Identifying and helping prioritize meteoro-
logical research and service delivery needs, including 
relating to observations, operational systems, com-
munications, and infrastructure. 
‘‘(2) Providing recommendations to streamline 
or consolidate activities and develop greater effi-
ciencies in cross-agency activities. 
‘‘(3) Leveraging Earth system science research 
outcomes of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, and other relevant Federal depart-
ments and agencies, including research outcomes re-
lated to the relevant recommended key science and 
applications questions and priorities in the National 
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s 
2018 report ‘Thriving on Our Changing Planet: A 
Decadal Strategy for Earth Observation from 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00043
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
Space’, to understand and predict high-impact 
weather phenomena. 
‘‘(4) Facilitating the expansion and strength-
ening of partnerships with private sector entities to 
advance meteorological research, communications, 
and computing in collaboration with the Earth sys-
tem science, service, and stakeholder communities. 
‘‘(5) Sharing information regarding meteorolog-
ical research improvement needs and science oppor-
tunities across relevant Federal departments and 
agencies. 
‘‘(6) Providing advice to all relevant Federal de-
partments and agencies regarding potential collabo-
rations and expected level of resources needed to 
maintain and operate the Interagency Council. 
‘‘(7) Enhancing communication and coordina-
tion and promoting sharing within relevant Federal 
departments and agencies and across the Inter-
agency Council. 
‘‘(8) Developing, recruiting, and sustaining a 
professional and diverse workforce for meteorological 
research and services. 
‘‘(e) DATA INVENTORY.—The Interagency Council, in 
coordination and avoidance of duplication with the United 
States Group on Earth Observations, shall promote data 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00044
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
and metadata access and archive activities to increase ac-
cessibility, interoperability, and reusability by maintaining 
a data inventory of meteorological observations. Not less 
frequently than annually for a period of five years begin-
ning on the date of the enactment of this subsection, the 
Interagency Council shall solicit updated information from 
private sector entities identifying current and near future 
sources of such data. Such data shall be made available 
to member departments and agencies under subsection 
(a). 
‘‘(f) COORDINATION OFFICE.—The Interagency Me-
teorological Coordination Office shall provide to the Inter-
agency Council such administrative and logistical support 
as the Interagency Council may require, as determined by 
the co-chairs. 
‘‘(g) COST SHARE.—Member departments and agen-
cies of the Interagency Council under subsection (a) may 
provide reimbursable financial support to the Interagency 
Meteorological Coordinating Office to enhance cost-shar-
ing and collaboration related to weather research and fore-
cast innovation activities. 
‘‘(h) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this subsection and annually 
thereafter, the Interagency Council shall publish a report 
which identifies among member agencies the following: 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00045
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) Federal programs that use meteorological 
observations, data sources, and capabilities. 
‘‘(2) Federal programs that acquire such data 
from private sector entities. 
‘‘(3) Advancements in meteorological data col-
lection, assimilation, and forecasting that could im-
prove Federal programmatic operational capabilities. 
‘‘(4) Barriers to acquiring meteorological obser-
vations, data sources, and capabilities that could be 
used to better meet Federal programmatic needs.’’. 
(b) REFERENCES.—Any reference to the Interagency 
Committee for Advancing Weather Services in any law, 
rule, regulation, paper, record, map, or other such docu-
ment of the United States shall be deemed to be a ref-
erence to the Interagency Council for Advancing Meteoro-
logical Services. 
SEC. 113. OCEAN OBSERVATIONS. 
Subsection (b) of section 12304 of the Integrated 
Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (33 
U.S.C. 3603) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(5) SHIPS
OF
OPPORTUNITY
PILOT
PRO-
GRAM.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator, in 
coordination with the heads of relevant Federal 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00046
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
departments and agencies, shall, subject to rel-
evant regulations and certifications, maintain 
pilot programs or projects to contract with re-
search or commercial ship operators for data 
collection and assess the potential costs, bene-
fits, and viability of a global network of ocean 
and atmospheric observing instruments oper-
ating on research or commercial ocean vessels, 
including in the Arctic, in order to supplement 
the Integrated Coastal, Great Lakes, and Ocean 
Observation System in improving understanding 
of coastal and ocean systems and their relation-
ships to human activities. 
‘‘(B) STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS.— 
The Administrator shall ensure that data ac-
quired through the pilot program established 
pursuant to subparagraph (A) meets the most 
recent standards and specifications required for 
observation services and data as published pur-
suant to subsection (c) of section 302 of the 
Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation 
Act of 2017. 
‘‘(C) REPORT.—Not later than five years 
after the date of the enactment of this para-
graph, the Administrator, in consultation with 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00047
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
the Secretary of Transportation, shall submit to 
Congress a report on the requirements for a 
global network of ocean and atmospheric instru-
ments operating on research or commercial 
ocean vessels for measurement and data trans-
mission. 
‘‘(D) SUNSET.—This paragraph shall ter-
minate on the earlier of— 
‘‘(i) September 30, 2030; or 
‘‘(ii) one year after the date on which 
the report required under subparagraph 
(B) is submitted by the Administrator.’’. 
SEC. 114. CONSOLIDATION OF REPORTS. 
(a) WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING INNO-
VATION ACT OF 2017.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Weather Research and 
Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 is amended— 
(A) in section 102 (15 U.S.C. 8512), by 
striking subsection (d); 
(B) by amending section 105 (15 U.S.C. 
8515) to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 105. WEATHER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN-
NING. 
‘‘Not later than two years after the date of the enact-
ment of this section and not less frequently than semi-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00048
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
annually thereafter, the Under Secretary, acting through 
the Assistant Administrator for Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Research, and in coordination with the Director of the Na-
tional Weather Service and the Assistant Administrator 
for Satellite and Information Services, shall issue a re-
search and development and research to operations plan 
to maintain United States leadership in numerical weather 
prediction and forecasting that— 
‘‘(1) describes the forecasting skill and tech-
nology goals, objectives, expected budget, and 
progress of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration in carrying out the program con-
ducted under section 102; 
‘‘(2) identifies and prioritizes specific research 
and development activities, data collection and anal-
ysis, predictive modeling, demonstration of potential 
operational forecast application, education, training, 
and performance metrics, weighted to meet the oper-
ational weather and flood-event mission of the Na-
tional Weather Service to achieve a weather-ready 
Nation; 
‘‘(3) describes how the program conducted 
under section 102 will collaborate with Federal 
agencies and departments, international partners, 
and stakeholders, including the United States weath-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00049
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
er industry and academic partners, and the role of 
each in advancing weather forecasting and commu-
nication; 
‘‘(4) identifies, through consultation with the 
National Science Foundation, the United States 
weather industry, and academic partners, research 
necessary to advance the scientific understanding of 
weather processes and provide information to im-
prove weather warning and forecast systems in the 
United States most effectively; and 
‘‘(5) describes how the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration is advancing community 
weather modeling.’’; 
(C) in section 403 (15 U.S.C. 8543)— 
(i) in subsection (a), by inserting 
‘‘the’’ after ‘‘Director of’’; and 
(ii) by amending subsection (d) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL BRIEFING.—Not less frequently than 
once each year, the Under Secretary shall brief the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives on participation 
in the program under subsection (a) and shall highlight 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00050
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
any innovations that come from the interaction described 
in subsection (b).’’; and 
(D) by striking sections 408 through 411 
and section 414 and redesignating sections 412 
and 413 as sections 408 and 409, respectively. 
(2) CLERICAL
AMENDMENTS.—The table of 
contents in section 1(b) of the Weather Research 
and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 is amended 
by striking the items relating to sections 408 
through 414 and inserting the following new items: 
‘‘Sec. 408. Weather enterprise outreach. 
‘‘Sec. 409. Hurricane hunter aircraft.’’. 
(b) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN-
ISTRATION AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 1992.—The National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Authorization 
Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–567) is amended— 
(1) in section 106, by striking subsection (c) 
(15 U.S.C. 1537); and 
(2) in section 108 (15 U.S.C. 8520)— 
(A) by striking subsection (b); and 
(B) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (b). 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00051
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
SEC. 115. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS UNDER FLOOD LEVEL OB-
SERVATION, 
OPERATIONS, 
AND 
DECISION 
SUPPORT ACT. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 12(a) of the Flood Level 
Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 
U.S.C. 9707(a)) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting before paragraph (4) (as so re-
designated) the following: 
‘‘(1) ATMOSPHERIC RIVER.—The term ‘atmos-
pheric river’ means a transient corridor of strong 
water vapor in the atmosphere that— 
‘‘(A) produces significant quantities of rain 
or snow; and 
‘‘(B) may be primarily beneficial to the 
water supply or hazardous due to flooding. 
‘‘(2) ATMOSPHERIC RIVER FLOODING EVENT.— 
The term ‘atmospheric river flooding event’ means 
an atmospheric river that— 
‘‘(A) results in flooding of rivers and 
streams or other hazards to human life, prop-
erty, or the economy; and 
‘‘(B) is of particular concern to human 
health, property, and the economy, as deter-
mined by the Secretary of Commerce. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00052
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
109 
(c) OPERATIONAL PLANNING.—In carrying out the 
transition program under subsection (b), the Assistant 
Administrator of the National Environmental Satellite, 
Data, and Information Service shall monitor demonstra-
tion phase progress and plan for promising results that 
meet mission requirements to be transitioned into Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s oper-
ational satellite architecture. 
(d) ANNUAL PLAN.—The Assistant Administrator of 
the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Informa-
tion Service shall submit to the Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology, and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation an annual plan that outlines 
the progress made in the joint venture partnership pro-
gram under subsection (a), the transition program for 
demonstrations under section (b), and transition to oper-
ational architecture planning under subsection (c). 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From 
amounts authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, 
there is authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 for fis-
cal years 2026 through 2030 to carry out to this section. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
21:12 Sep 03, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00109
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5089.IH
H5089
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS