district in which the defendant is an inhabitant or 
may be found. 
‘‘(d) REMEDIES TO INDIVIDUALS FOR VIOLATIONS BY 
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF REQUIREMENTS RELATING 
TO SOCIAL SECURITY ACCOUNT NUMBERS.— 
‘‘(1) CIVIL ACTIONS.—Any individual who is ag-
grieved by an act or practice by any person acting 
as an officer, employee, or agent of an agency or in-
strumentality of the Federal Government in violation 
of the requirements of clause (vi)(II), (x), (xi), (xii), 
(xiii), (xiv), or (xv) of subsection (c)(2)(C) with re-
spect to the social security account number assigned 
to such individual under subsection (c)(2)(B) may 
commence a civil action for appropriate equitable re-
lief or actual damages. 
‘‘(2) VENUE; SERVICE OF PROCESS.—An action 
under this subsection action may be brought in the 
district court of the United States for the judicial dis-
trict in which the plaintiff resides, or has his prin-
cipal place of business, in which the violation took 
place, or in which the defendant resides or may be 
found, and process may be served in any other dis-
trict in which a defendant resides or may be found. 
‘‘(3) JURISDICTION.—The district courts of the 
United States shall have jurisdiction, without respect 
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to the amount in controversy or the citizenship of the 
parties, to grant the relief provided for in paragraph 
(1). 
‘‘(4) ATTORNEY’S FEES.—In any action under 
this subsection, the court in its discretion may allow 
a reasonable attorney’s fee and costs of action to ei-
ther party. 
‘‘(e) ONGOING GAO REVIEW ON EFFICACY OF REGU-
LATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Comptroller General of 
the United States shall conduct an ongoing review of 
the efficacy of the regulations prescribed by any agen-
cy or instrumentality of the United States pursuant 
to this section. Such review shall consider the extent 
to which such regulations are consistent with, and in 
furtherance of the purposes of, the amendments made 
by the Social Security Number Privacy and Identity 
Theft Prevention Act of 2007. 
‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than 4 years after the 
effective date of any final regulations issued by any 
agency or instrumentality of the United States pursu-
ant to this section, the Comptroller General shall re-
port to each House of the Congress regarding the re-
sults of the review of such regulations conducted 
under this paragraph. Such report shall include the 
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Comptroller General’s recommendations for such stat-
utory or regulatory changes as the Comptroller Gen-
eral considers appropriate.’’. 
SEC. 14. STUDY ON FEASIBILITY OF BANNING SOCIAL SECU-
RITY ACCOUNT NUMBER AS AN AUTHEN-
TICATOR. 
(a) STUDY.—As soon as practicable after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Commissioner of Social Secu-
rity shall enter into an arrangement with the National Re-
search Council under which the Council shall carry out a 
study to determine— 
(1) the extent of the use of social security account 
numbers as a primary means of authenticating iden-
tity; 
(2) the extent of the use of social security account 
numbers for verification in commercial transactions; 
and 
(3) the feasibility of a prohibition on such use. 
The study shall also examine possible alternatives to social 
security account numbers for verification purposes and uses 
in authenticating identity. 
(b) REPORT.—The arrangement entered into with the 
Council under this section shall provide for submission by 
the Council to the Commissioner and to each House of the 
Congress of a report setting forth the results of the Council’s 
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study under this section, together with the Council’s find-
ings and recommendations, no later than 1 year after the 
effective date of the initial final regulations issued by the 
Commissioner pursuant to the amendments made by section 
2 of this Act. 
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Union Calendar No. 210 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 3046 
[Report No. 110–339] 
A BILL 
To amend the Social Security Act to enhance Social 
Security account number privacy protections, to 
prevent fraudulent misuse of the Social Security 
account number, and to otherwise enhance pro-
tection against identity theft, and for other pur-
poses. 
SEPTEMBER 24, 2007 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 
and ordered to be printed 
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