I 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION H. R. 10151 
To amend title 44, United States Code, to modernize data practices to 
improve government, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
NOVEMBER 18, 2024 
Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania (for herself and Ms. MACE) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Accountability 
A BILL 
To amend title 44, United States Code, to modernize data 
practices to improve government, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Modernizing Data 
Practices to Improve Government Act’’. 
SEC. 2. MODERNIZING DATA PRACTICES TO IMPROVE GOV-
ERNMENT. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 3502 of title 44, United 
States Code, is amended— 
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(1) in paragraph (22), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and 
inserting a semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (23), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(24) the term ‘artificial intelligence’— 
‘‘(A) has the meaning given the term ‘arti-
ficial intelligence’ in section 5002 of the Na-
tional Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 
2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401); and 
‘‘(B) includes the artificial systems and 
techniques described in paragraphs (1) through 
(5) of section 238(g) of the John S. McCain 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 10 U.S.C. 
4061 note prec.); and 
‘‘(25) the term ‘data governance’ means the 
policies and procedures of an agency to manage data 
throughout the lifecycle of such data, including ac-
quisition, collection, analysis, protection, use, dis-
semination, disposal, or archival, including— 
‘‘(A) any data asset; and 
‘‘(B) any action taken and any technology 
or process used by an agency to manage such 
data or data asset.’’. 
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(b) CHIEF DATA OFFICER QUALIFICATIONS.—Sub-
section (b) of section 3520 of title 44, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘data management, governance 
(including creation, application, and maintenance of data 
standards), collection, analysis, protection, use, and dis-
semination, including with respect to’’ and inserting ‘‘data 
management and data governance, including with respect 
to creation, application, and maintenance of data stand-
ards and’’. 
(c) REVIVAL OF LAW.—In the case of a termination 
and repeal under subsection (e)(2) of section 3520A of 
title 44, United States Code, such section 3520A shall be 
effective as in effect on December 14, 2024, as if such 
section had not been repealed, and such section shall apply 
retroactively to any period of repeal. 
(d) CHIEF
DATA
OFFICER
COUNCIL.—Section 
3520A of title 44, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (5) 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(5) identify opportunities and procedures to 
improve data governance to— 
‘‘(A) evaluate new technology solutions for 
improving the collection and use of data; 
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‘‘(B) ensure the public data assets are 
transparent and of sufficient quality for the in-
tended use of the data asset; and 
‘‘(C) support the head of each agency with 
the efforts by the agency to reliably and se-
curely use emerging technology and artificial in-
telligence to improve operational efficiency 
across agencies.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(4) EX
OFFICIO
MEMBERS.—The Director 
shall select a representative to serve as an ex-officio 
member of the Council for each of the following: 
‘‘(A) Agency Chief Information Officers. 
‘‘(B) Agency Evaluation Officers. 
‘‘(C) Senior agency officials for privacy.’’; 
and 
(3) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(d) REPORTS.—The Council shall submit to the Di-
rector, the Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on Over-
sight and Accountability of the House of Representatives 
the following: 
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‘‘(1) Not later than 2 years after the date of 
the enactment of this subsection, and every two 
years thereafter, a report on the work of the Council 
that includes— 
‘‘(A) a description of any work of the 
Council to ensure progress on each purpose and 
function of the Council described under sub-
section (b); and 
‘‘(B) any update to the recommendations 
provided in the report required under para-
graph (2). 
‘‘(2) Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this subsection, a report that includes 
the following: 
‘‘(A) Recommendations and best practices 
for agencies on developing data assets, data 
governance policies, and infrastructure to en-
able adoption, maintenance, use, and interoper-
ability of emerging technology and artificial in-
telligence, such as for use in training, testing, 
and operation of artificial intelligence within 
agencies, that includes the following: 
‘‘(i) An assessment of ways to 
strengthen and clarify the roles and re-
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sponsibilities of senior agency officials with 
respect to data governance. 
‘‘(ii) An identification of data avail-
able to 1 or more agencies at the time of 
the submission of the report that would 
benefit other agencies if the data were 
shared or made accessible to such other 
agencies. 
‘‘(iii) Criteria agencies should consider 
when using data to train any artificial in-
telligence used by agencies, including rec-
ommendations for— 
‘‘(I) ways to make such data 
more transparent to the public and 
the employees of the agency using the 
trained artificial intelligence; and 
‘‘(II) processes and procedures to 
analyze and test such data for poten-
tial risks. 
‘‘(iv) Recommendations for defining, 
generating, using, and ensuring the privacy 
and security of synthetic data in the Fed-
eral Government. 
‘‘(B) An indication of how agencies can in-
corporate such recommendations and best prac-
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tices into agency processes and statutory re-
quirements. 
‘‘(e) DIRECTOR RESPONSIBILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) DATA GOVERNANCE GUIDANCE.—The Di-
rector, upon receipt of a report required under sub-
section (d), may issue or amend, as necessary, guid-
ance to agencies with respect to the implementation 
of any recommendation included in the report in ac-
cordance with this chapter. 
‘‘(2) CHIEF DATA OFFICER INVENTORY.—Not 
later than 270 days after the date of the enactment 
of this subsection, the Director, in consultation with 
the Council, shall make available on a public 
website, and update not less frequently than annu-
ally, an inventory of Chief Data Officers, including, 
with respect to each agency— 
‘‘(A) a list of each Chief Data Officer, in-
cluding, with respect to each Chief Data Offi-
cer— 
‘‘(i) any additional role or title the 
Chief Data Officer holds at the agency; 
and 
‘‘(ii) each responsibility and statutory 
authority of the Chief Data Officer relat-
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ing to data and artificial intelligence that 
are not described in section 3520(c); and 
‘‘(B) an identification of resources needed 
by Chief Data Officers, including to support the 
adoption of artificial intelligence at agencies. 
‘‘(f) EVALUATION.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this subsection, and not less fre-
quently than every 2 years thereafter, the Comptroller 
General shall submit to Congress a report on— 
‘‘(1) whether the duties of the Council improved 
the use of evidence, data, and program evaluation in 
the Federal Government; and 
‘‘(2) any barrier or challenge preventing the 
Council from accomplishing the requirements under 
this section. 
‘‘(g) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed to require an agency to implement 
any recommendation developed pursuant to subsection (d). 
‘‘(h) SUNSET.—This section shall have no force or 
effect on and after December 14, 2031.’’. 
SEC. 3. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS. 
No additional funds are authorized to be appro-
priated for the purpose of carrying out this Act. 
Æ 
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