IV 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 1435 
Raising concern about the proposed constitutional reforms in Mexico. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 10, 2024 
Mr. STANTON (for himself and Ms. SALAZAR) submitted the following 
resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Raising concern about the proposed constitutional reforms 
in Mexico. 
Whereas the United States and Mexico are committed to 
strengthening bilateral and regional cooperation that ben-
efits the people of the United States and Mexico; 
Whereas the United States and Mexico are top trade part-
ners, trading more than $750,000,000,000 worth of 
goods in 2023; 
Whereas 
United 
States 
companies 
directly 
invested 
$130,300,000,000 into Mexico in 2022, and nearly 
5,000,000 United States jobs depend on trade with Mex-
ico; 
Whereas the United States, Mexico, and Canada will partici-
pate in the first review of the United States-Mexico-Can-
ada Agreement (USMCA) in 2026; 
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•HRES 1435 IH 
Whereas Mexican President Lo´pez Obrador proposed con-
stitutional reforms on February 5, 2024, including a 
range of proposals to modify the Mexican judiciary; 
Whereas some of these reforms were approved by a Chamber 
of Deputies committee vote on August 26, 2024, and 
could receive a vote by Mexico’s Congress of the Union 
in September 2024; 
Whereas Mexican Federal judges initiated a widespread and 
indefinite strike on August 21, 2024, in response to pro-
posed judicial reforms; 
Whereas Mexico’s National Association of Circuit and Dis-
trict Judges, the Inter-American Dialogue, the Mexican 
Bar Association, the Global Enterprise Council, the 
United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Independence 
of Judges and Lawyers, the United States Chamber of 
Commerce, and thousands of striking Mexican Federal 
court employees and magistrates have voiced concerns 
with the proposed reforms; 
Whereas, under proposed judicial reforms, all Federal judges, 
including Supreme Court Justices, would be directly 
elected, independent oversight of the judiciary would end, 
and judicial qualification standards would be reduced; 
and 
Whereas broader constitutional reforms would— 
(1) eliminate autonomous oversight of social develop-
ment policy and education; the energy, hydrocarbon, and 
telecommunications industries; and enforcement of anti-
trust and transparency laws; 
(2) reduce the size, oversight capacity, and sanctions 
authority of Mexico’s National Electoral Institute; and 
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•HRES 1435 IH 
(3) impose a prohibition on genetically modified 
corn: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) raises concern that the proposed constitu-
tional reforms would have a long-term negative im-
pact on Mexico’s democratic institutions, separation 
of powers, judicial independence and transparency, 
and security, while undermining its electoral system, 
National Guard, and oversight agencies; 
(2) expresses deep concern that the proposed 
constitutional reforms may contradict commitments 
made in the United States-Mexico-Canada Trade 
Agreement, jeopardizing critical economic and secu-
rity interests shared by the United States and Mex-
ico; 
(3) underscores that several aspects of the re-
form package undermine United States-Mexico joint 
efforts to strengthen the rule of law, counter orga-
nized crime, and address the scourge of fentanyl and 
human and arms trafficking among broader bilateral 
priorities; and 
(4) reaffirms its commitment to a robust, mu-
tually respectful relationship between the sovereign 
countries of the United States and Mexico. 
Æ 
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