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would enhance the security of the Alliance and, there-
by, contribute to the security of the United States.
(14) The expansion of NATO can create the sta-
ble environment needed to successfully complete the
political and economic transformation envisioned by
European states emerging from Communist domina-
tion.
(15) In recognition that not all countries which
have requested membership in NATO will necessarily
qualify at the same pace, the accession date for each
new member will vary.
(16) Nothing in this title should be construed as
precluding the eventual NATO membership of Euro-
pean countries never under Communist domination,
namely, Austria, Finland, and Sweden.
(17) The provision of NATO transition assist-
ance should include those countries most ready for
closer ties with NATO and should be designed to as-
sist other countries meeting specified criteria of eligi-
bility to move forward toward eventual NATO mem-
bership.
(18) The evaluation of future membership in
NATO for countries emerging from Communist domi-
nation should be based on the progress of those na-
tions in meeting criteria for NATO transition assist-
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ance and evolving NATO criteria, which require en-
hancement of NATO’s security and the approval of all
NATO members.
SEC. 703. UNITED STATES POLICY.
It should be the policy of the United States—
(1) to join with the NATO allies of the United
States to redefine the role of the NATO Alliance in the
post-Cold War world;
(2) to actively assist European countries emerg-
ing from Communist domination in their transition
so that such countries may eventually qualify for
NATO membership; and
(3) to work to define the political and security
relationship between an enlarged NATO and the Rus-
sian Federation.
SEC. 704. REVISIONS TO PROGRAM TO FACILITATE TRANSI-
TION TO NATO MEMBERSHIP.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—Subsection (a) of
section 203 of the NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title
II of Public Law 103–447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note) is amended
to read as follows:
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The President
may provide expanded security assistance and other related
assistance to countries designated under subsection (d) to
facilitate their transition to full NATO membership.’’.
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(b) ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES.—
(1) ELIGIBILITY.—Subsection (d) of section 203
of such Act is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(d) DESIGNATION OF ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES.—
‘‘(1) PRESIDENTIAL
REVIEW
AND
REPORT.—
Within 60 days of the enactment of the NATO Par-
ticipation Act Amendments of 1995, the President
shall transmit to the Congress an evaluation of Po-
land, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, as
well as all other European countries emerging from
Communist domination which have expressed an in-
terest in joining NATO, in accordance with the cri-
teria in paragraph (3) and specifically designate one
or more of these countries to be eligible to receive as-
sistance under the program established in subsection
(a). The President shall provide a report of the coun-
try-by-country evaluation as well as an evaluation of
each designated country’s progress toward conform-
ance with criteria for full NATO membership.
‘‘(2) OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES EMERGING
FROM COMMUNIST DOMINATION.—In addition to the
country or countries designated pursuant to para-
graph (1), the President may designate other Euro-
pean countries emerging from Communist domina-
tion. The President may make such a designation in
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the case of any such country only if the President de-
termines, and reports to the designated congressional
committees, that such country meets the criteria speci-
fied in paragraph (3).
‘‘(3) CRITERIA.—The criteria referred to in
paragraph (2) are, with respect to each country, that
the country—
‘‘(A) has made or is making significant
progress toward establishing—
‘‘(i) shared values and interests;
‘‘(ii) democratic governments;
‘‘(iii) free market economies;
‘‘(iv) civilian control of the military, of
the police, and of intelligence services;
‘‘(v) adherence to the values, prin-
ciples, and political commitments embodied
in the Helsinki Final Act of the Organiza-
tion on Security and Cooperation in Eu-
rope; and
‘‘(vi) more transparent defense budgets
and is participating in the Partnership For
Peace defense planning process;
‘‘(B) has made public commitments—
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‘‘(i) to further the principles of NATO
and to contribute to the security of the
North Atlantic area;
‘‘(ii) to accept the obligations, respon-
sibilities, and costs of NATO membership;
and
‘‘(iii) to implement infrastructure de-
velopment activities that will facilitate par-
ticipation in and support for NATO mili-
tary activities;
‘‘(C) is not ineligible for assistance under
section 563 of Public Law 103–306, with respect
to transfers of equipment to a country the gov-
ernment of which the Secretary of State has de-
termined is a terrorist government for purposes
of section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act;
and
‘‘(D) could, within five years of the deter-
mination of the President under paragraph (1)
or (2), be in a position to further the principles
of the North Atlantic Treaty and to contribute to
its own security and that of the North Atlantic
area.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION ON FUNDING FOR PARTNER-
SHIP FOR PEACE ACTIVITIES OR ON FUNDING FOR
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THE WARSAW INITIATIVE.—Effective 60 days after the
date of enactment of the NATO Participation Act
Amendments of 1995, no funds authorized to be ap-
propriated under any provision of law may be obli-
gated or expended for activities associated with the
Partnership for Peace program or the Warsaw Initia-
tive until the President has designated at least one
country to participate in the transition program es-
tablished under subsection (a).’’.
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
(A) Subsections (b) and (c) of section 203 of
such Act are amended by striking ‘‘countries de-
scribed in such subsection’’ each of the two places
it appears and inserting ‘‘countries designated
under subsection (d)’’.
(B) Subsection (e) of section 203 of such Act
is amended—
(i) by striking ‘‘subsection (d)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘subsection (d)(2)’’; and
(ii) by inserting ‘‘(22 U.S.C. 2394)’’
before the period at the end.
(C) Section 204(c) of such Act is amended
by striking ‘‘any other Partnership for Peace
country designated under section 203(d)’’ and
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inserting ‘‘any country designated under section
203(d)(2)’’.
(c) TYPES OF ASSISTANCE.—Section 203(c) of such
Act is amended—
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4)
as subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively; and
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (D) (as re-
designated) the following new subparagraphs:
‘‘(E) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the Eco-
nomic Support Fund).
‘‘(F) Funds appropriated under the ‘Non-
proliferation and Disarmament Fund’ account’’.
‘‘(G) Assistance under chapter 6 of part II of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to peacekeep-
ing operations and other programs).’’.
‘‘(H) Authority for the Department of Defense to
pay excess defense articles costs for countries des-
ignated for both grant lethal and nonlethal excess de-
fense articles.
‘‘(I) Authority to convert FMF loans to grants,
and grants to loans, for eligible countries.
(3) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ immediately after ‘‘TYPE
OF ASSISTANCE.—’’; and
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(4) by adding at the end the following new para-
graphs:
‘‘(2) For fiscal years 1996 and 1997, in providing as-
sistance under chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 for the countries designated under subsection
(d), the President shall include as an important component
of such assistance the provision of sufficient language train-
ing to enable military personnel to participate further in
programs for military training and in defense exchange
programs.
‘‘(3) Of the amounts made available under chapter 5
of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating
to international military education and training),
$5,000,000 for fiscal year 1996 and $5,000,000 for fiscal
year 1997 should support—
‘‘(A) the attendance of additional military per-
sonnel of countries designated under subsection (d)(1)
or (d)(2), particularly Poland, Hungary, the Czech
Republic, and Slovakia, at professional military edu-
cation institutions in the United States in accordance
with section 544 of such Act; and
‘‘(B) the placement and support of United States
instructors and experts at military educational cen-
ters within the foreign countries designated under
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subsection (d) that are receiving assistance under that
chapter.’’.
SEC. 705. ASSISTANCE FOR NATO PARTICIPATION ACT DES-
IGNEES.
The President is authorized to obligate and expend
$60,000,000 from funds made available under the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 in support of countries designated
to receive transition assistance under section 203(a) of the
NATO Participation Act, as follows:
(1) Poland: $20,000,000.
(2) Czech Republic: $10,000,000.
(3) Hungary: $5,000,000.
(4) Slovakia: $5,000,000.
(5) Other European countries designated under
subsection (d)(1) or subsection (d)(2): $20,000,000.
SEC. 706. TERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY.
Section 203(f) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994
(title II of Public Law 103–447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note) is
amended to read as follows:
‘‘(f) TERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY.—(1) The eligi-
bility of a country designated under subsection (d) for the
program established in subsection (a) shall terminate 60
days after the President makes a certification under para-
graph (2) unless, within the 60-day period, the Congress
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enacts a joint resolution disapproving the termination of
eligibility.
‘‘(2) Whenever the President determines that the gov-
ernment of a country designated under subsection (d)—
‘‘(A) no longer meets the criteria set forth in sub-
section (d)(2)(A);
‘‘(B) is hostile to the NATO alliance; or
‘‘(C) poses a national security threat to the
United States,
then the President shall so certify to the appropriate con-
gressional committees.
‘‘(3) Nothing in this Act shall affect the eligi-
bility of countries to participate under other provi-
sions of law in programs described in this Act.
(b) CONGRESSIONAL PRIORITY PROCEDURES.—Sec-
tion 203 of such Act is amended by adding at the end the
following new subsection:
‘‘(g) CONGRESSIONAL PRIORITY PROCEDURES.—
‘‘(1) APPLICABLE PROCEDURES.—A joint resolu-
tion described in paragraph (2) which is introduced
in a House of Congress after the date on which a cer-
tification made under subsection (f)(2) is received by
Congress shall be considered in accordance with the
procedures set forth in paragraphs (3) through (7) of
section 8066(c) of the Department of Defense Appro-
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priations Act, 1985 (as contained in Public Law 98–
473 (98 Stat. 1936)), except that—
‘‘(A) references to the ‘resolution described
in paragraph (1)’ shall be deemed to be ref-
erences to the joint resolution; and
‘‘(B) references to the Committee on Appro-
priations of the House of Representatives and to
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate
shall be deemed to be references to the Committee
on International Relations of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate.
‘‘(2) TEXT OF JOINT RESOLUTION.—A joint reso-
lution under this paragraph is a joint resolution the
matter after the resolving clause of which is as fol-
lows: ‘That the Congress disapproves the certification
submitted by the President on llllll pursu-
ant to section 203(f) of the NATO Participation Act
of 1994.’.’’.
SEC. 707. REPORTS.
(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Section 206 of the NATO Par-
ticipation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103–447; 22
U.S.C. 1928 note), as redesignated by section 705(1) of this
Act, is amended—
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(1) by inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’ in the section head-
ing before the first word;
(2) by inserting ‘‘annual’’ after ‘‘include in the’’
in the matter preceding paragraph (1);
(3) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Partnership
for Peace’’ and inserting ‘‘European’’; and
(4) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting in-
stead the following new paragraph:
‘‘(2) In the event that the President determines
that, despite a period of transition assistance, a coun-
try designated under section 203(d) has not, as of
January 10, 1999, met criteria for NATO member-
ship set forth by the North Atlantic Council, the
President shall transmit a report to the designated
congressional committees containing an assessment of
the progress made by that country in meeting those
standards.’’.
SEC. 708. DEFINITIONS.
The NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public
Law 103–447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), as amended by this
title, is further amended by adding at the end the following
new section:
‘‘SEC. 207. DEFINITIONS.
‘‘For purposes of this title:
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‘‘(1) NATO.—The term ‘NATO’ means the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization.
‘‘(2) 
DESIGNATED
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘designated congressional commit-
tees’ means—
‘‘(A) the Committee on International Rela-
tions, the Committee on National Security, and
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives; and
‘‘(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations,
the Committee on Armed Services, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate.
‘‘(3) EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES
EMERGING
FROM
COMMUNIST DOMINATION.—The term ‘European coun-
tries emerging from Communist domination’ includes,
but is not limited to, Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Re-
public, 
Estonia, 
Hungary, 
Latvia, 
Lithuania,
Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, and
Ukraine.’’.
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Ω193æTITLE 
VIII—TO 
IMPOSE
SANCTIONS AGAINST BURMA,
AND COUNTRIES ASSISTING
BURMA, UNLESS BURMA OB-
SERVES 
BASIC 
HUMAN
RIGHTS AND PERMITS POLITI-
CAL FREEDOMS.
SEC. 801. SANCTIONS AGAINST BURMA.
Except as provided in section 4, the following sanc-
tions shall apply to Burma, effective 90 days after the date
of enactment of this Act (or on such other date as is speci-
fied in this section):
(1) INVESTMENTS.—No United States national
may make any investment in Burma.
(2) UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE.—United States
assistance for Burma is prohibited.
(3) TRADE
PRIVILEGES.—The President shall
continue the suspension of special trade privileges
pursuant to the Generalized System of Preferences
(GSP), and shall continue the suspension of non-
discriminatory trade treatment (most-favored-nation
status), with respect to Burma.
(4) IMPORTATION OF GOODS.—No article which
is produced, manufactured, grown, or extracted in
Burma may be imported into the United States.
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(5) TRADE
AND
INVESTMENT
TREATIES.—The
United States should continue to suspend carrying
out obligations under bilateral trade and investment
treaties with Burma.
(6) TRAVEL
RESTRICTIONS.—The Secretary of
State shall prohibit the use of United States passports
for travel to Burma except for travel by United States
diplomatic personnel.
(7) DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION.—The Presi-
dent is urged not to accept diplomatic representation
from Burma at a level greater than the level of diplo-
matic representation accorded the United States in
Burma.
(8) FOREIGN ASSISTANCE.—The United States
shall suspend assistance under the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 and the Arms Export Control Act to any
foreign government which sells or otherwise transfers
arms to the Government of Burma.
(9) INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CONTRIBU-
TIONS.—The United States shall withhold from each
international organization that funds activities in
Burma other than humanitarian activities an
amount equal to the United States proportionate
share of that funding.
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(10) MULTILATERAL
ASSISTANCE.—The Sec-
retary of the Treasury shall instruct the United
States executive director of each financial institution
to vote against any loan or other utilization of the
funds of the respective bank to or for Burma.
(11) EMINENT PERSONS GROUP.—The President,
acting through the United States Permanent Rep-
resentative to the United Nations, should urge the
United Nations to establish an eminent persons group
to report on compliance by the Government of Burma
with United Nations resolutions.
(12) 
INTERNATIONAL
ARMS
EMBARGO.—The
President, acting through the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations, should
urge the establishment by the United Nations of an
international arms embargo of Burma.
SEC. 802. AGREEMENTS TO IMPOSE SANCTIONS ON BURMA.
(a) NEGOTIATIONS WITH TRADING PARTNERS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days after
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
shall initiate negotiations with all foreign countries
with which the United States trades for the purpose
of entering into agreements with the countries—
(A) to support United States sanctions
against Burma, and
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(B) to cease trade with and investment in
Burma.
(2) 
CERTIFICATION
OF
NEGOTIATIONS
AND
AGREEMENTS.—Not later than 90 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall cer-
tify to the Congress each country that—
(A) has failed to enter into an agreement
described in paragraph (1), or
(B) has entered into such an agreement but
is not enforcing it.
(3) ACTION BY THE PRESIDENT.—Notwithstand-
ing any other provision of law, if a certification is
made with respect to any country under paragraph
(2) the President shall withdraw—
(A) any designation of such country—
(i) as a beneficiary developing country
for purposes of title V of the Trade Act of
1974 (19 U.S.C. 2461 et seq.),
(ii) as a beneficiary country for pur-
poses of the Caribbean Basin Economic Re-
covery Act (19 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.), or
(iii) as a beneficiary country for pur-
poses of the Andean Trade Preference Act
(19 U.S.C. 3201 et seq.),
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(B) from such countries the benefits of any
other special tariff treatment program under
which the special rates of duty apply under col-
umn 1 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the
United States, and
(C) most-favored-nation trade treatment
with respect to any such country.
(b) APPLICABILITY.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The provisions of this section
apply to goods entered, or withdrawn from warehouse
for consumption, originating in or imported from a
country with respect to which an action described in
subsection (a)(3) has been taken, during the period be-
ginning on the date that is 15 days after the date of
the certification described in subsection (a)(2) and
ending on the date that is 15 days after the earlier
of—
(A) the date the President certifies to the
Congress that such country has entered into an
agreement described in subsection (a)(1) and is
enforcing the agreement, or
(B) the date a certification described in sec-
tion 4 is made.
(2) RATE OF DUTY DURING PERIOD DESIGNATION
IS
WITHDRAWN.—During the period described in
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paragraph (1), goods entered, or withdrawn from
warehouse for consumption, originating in or im-
ported from a country described in subsection (a)(3)
shall be subject to duty at the rates of duty specified
for such goods under column 2 of the Harmonized
Tariff Schedule of the United States.
SEC. 803. CERTIFICATION.
The sanctions of section 801 shall not apply upon the
determination and certification by the President to the ap-
propriate congressional committees that the following condi-
tions are met:
(1) The Government of Burma has uncondition-
ally released all political prisoners, including Aung
San Suu Kyi.
(2) The Government of Burma has fully imple-
mented the results of the 1990 elections in Burma, in-
cluding the transfer of power to civilian authority,
the protection of basic human rights, and guarantee-
ing the right of Burmese citizens to participate freely
in the political process, assuring freedom of speech
and the right of association and assembly.
(3) The Government of Burma has implemented
an effective counternarcotics effort.
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SEC. 804. SANCTIONS AGAINST THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA.
The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United
States executive director of each multilateral financial in-
stitution to vote against any loan or other utilization of
the facilities of the respective institution to or for the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China until the President determines and
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that
the People’s Republic of China has terminated arms sales
and other arms transfers to Burma.
SEC. 805. SANCTIONS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT OF THAI-
LAND.
The President shall withhold all United States assist-
ance to the Government of Thailand until the President de-
termines and certifies to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees that the Government of Thailand is fully cooperat-
ing in providing support and relief for Burmese exiles and
refugees.
SEC. 806. REPORT.
Not later than 45 days after the date of enactment of
this Act, the President shall submit a report to the appro-
priate congressional committees on—
(1) the chemical and biological weapons capabil-
ity of Burma;
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(2) a plan to provide United States assistance in
support of the democracy movement active inside
Burma;
(3) the treatment by the Government of Thailand
of Burmese students, refugees, and exiles resident in
Thailand; and
(4) the status of arms sales and other arms
transfers to the Government of Burma, including the
amount of expenditures by the Government of Burma
in the acquisition of arms.
SEC. 807. DEFINITIONS.
As used in this title:
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means the Committee on Appropriations and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the
Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on
International Relations of the House of Representa-
tives.
(2) INVESTMENT.—The term ‘‘investment’’ in-
cludes any contribution or commitment of funds, com-
modities, services, patents, processes, or techniques, in
the form of—
(A) a loan or loans;
(B) the purchase of a share of ownership;
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(C) participation in royalties, earnings, or
profits; and
(D) the furnishing of commodities or serv-
ices pursuant to a lease or other contract.
(3) HUMANITARIAN ACTIVITIES.—The term ‘‘hu-
manitarian activities’’ means the provision of food,
medicine, medical supplies, or clothing and does not
include cash transfers.
(4) FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.—The term ‘‘finan-
cial institutions’’ includes the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, the International
Development Association, the Asian Development
Bank, and the International Monetary Fund.
(5) UNITED
STATES
ASSISTANCE.—The term
‘‘United States assistance’’ means assistance of any
kind which is provided by grant, sale, loan, lease,
credit, guaranty, or insurance, or by any other
means, by any agency or instrumentality of the Unit-
ed States Government to any foreign country, includ-
ing—
(A) assistance under the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (including programs under title IV
of chapter 2 of part I of the Act);
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(B) sales, credits, and guaranties under the
Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et
seq.);
(C) sales under title I (7 U.S.C.A. 1701 et
seq.) or III (17 U.S.C.A. 1727 et seq.) and dona-
tions under title II (17 U.S.C.A. 1721 et seq.) of
the Agricultural Trade Development and Assist-
ance Act of 1954 of nonfood commodities;
(D) other financing programs of the Com-
modity Credit Corporation for export sales of
nonfood commodities; and
(E) financing under the Export-Import
Bank Act of 1945 (12 U.S.C.A. 635 et seq.).
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Foreign Operations,
Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations
Act, 1996’’.
Passed the House of Representatives July 11, 1995.
Attest:
ROBIN H. CARLE,
Clerk.
Passed the Senate September 21 (legislative day,
September 5), 1995.
Attest:
KELLY D. JOHNSTON,
Secretary.
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