I
104TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 966
To assist in implementing the Plan of Action adopted by the World Summit
for Children.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY 15, 1995
Mr. WALSH (for himself, Mr. HALL of Ohio, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. BEILEN-
SON, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, Mrs. CLAYTON, Mr. CHRYS-
LER, Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. DEUTSCH,
Mr. DICKS, Mr. DOGGETT, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts,
Mr. FROST, Ms. FURSE, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. JACOBS, Mr. LEWIS of Geor-
gia, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mrs.
MINK of Hawaii, Mr. MORAN, Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr.
PAYNE of New Jersey, Mr. PAYNE of Virginia, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. REED,
Mr. REYNOLDS, Mr. RICHARDSON, Ms. RIVERS, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD,
Mr. RUSH, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. SERRANO, Ms. SLAUGHTER,
Mr. TORRICELLI, Mr. WARD, Mr. WATT of North Carolina, Mr. WAX-
MAN, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, and Mr. FILNER) introduced
the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on International
Relations
A BILL
To assist in implementing the Plan of Action adopted by
the World Summit for Children.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘James P. Grant World
Summit for Children Implementation Act of 1995’’.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:
(1) The World Summit for Children held in
1990, the largest gathering of heads of state and
heads of government up until that time, united the
world in a commitment to protect the lives of chil-
dren, diminish their suffering, and enhance their fu-
tures.
(2) This commitment is reflected in specific
goals set forth in the Declaration and Plan of Action
of the 1990 World Summit for Children that require
international cooperation and the commitment of all
nations, goals which were endorsed in the World
Declaration on Nutrition adopted at the 1992 Inter-
national Conference on Nutrition and endorsed at
the 1994 Summit of the Americas.
(3) The United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF) estimates that these goals could be im-
plemented by the year 2000 with a global commit-
ment of just $30,000,000,000 to $40,000,000,000
annually, to be achieved through reallocation of re-
sources to increase the proportion of resources going
to meet basic human needs, with two-thirds of those
resources coming from the developing nations them-
selves and one-third from the industrialized nations.
(4) In 1994 UNICEF estimated that only 10
percent of developing country budgets and less than
12 percent of bilateral United States development
assistance was devoted to meeting basic human
needs, as defined by the United Nations Develop-
ment Program in their 1994 Human Development
Report.
(5) If that proportion were doubled to just 20
percent, through reallocation of current resources
and without requiring additional resources, this
would provide the resources UNICEF estimates is
required annually to achieve by the year 2000 the
goals of the World Summit for Children.
(6) The United States share of these resources
can be realized through a reallocation of bilateral
United States development assistance by increasing
the percentage of such development assistance to at
least 20 percent of the United States foreign assist-
ance budget without an overall increase in such for-
eign assistance budget.
(7) The United States Government participated
in the World Summit for Children and signed the
Declaration and Plan of Action adopted at that
Summit.
(8) Participants in the Summit committed
themselves and their governments—
(A) to prepare, before the end of 1991, na-
tional programs of action to help implement the
goals and objectives of the Summit; and
(B) to take steps to ensure that child sur-
vival, protection, and development programs will
have a priority in the allocation of resources.
(9) The United States Government should im-
plement a plan of action to fulfill its commitment to
children, both at home and abroad.
(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act are—
(1) to help define a plan of action to fulfill the
commitment of the United States Government to
children; and
(2) to provide the necessary authorities to im-
plement that plan of action.
SEC. 3. INTERNATIONAL INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:
(1) During the period 1984 to 1994 the inter-
national campaign to save the lives of children has
resulted in dramatic increases in the adoption of
low-cost measures to save children’s lives, such as
immunizations and oral rehydration therapy.
(2) In September 1991, the United Nations
Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health
Organization were able to report that the goal of 80
percent universal childhood immunization had been
achieved, saving over 12,000,000 young lives during
the 1980’s, and continuing to save over 3,000,000
children’s lives each year.
(3) The Plan of Action adopted by the World
Summit for Children calls for the reduction of
under-5 mortality rates by at least one-third by the
year 2000, and halving moderate and severe mal-
nutrition among children under 5.
(4) Such progress is possible by consolidating
gains already made, and by pursuing new goals and
effective programs in such areas as measles,
neonatal tetanus, poliomyelitis, and acute respiratory
infections.
(5) Both UNICEF and the United States
Agency for International Development have provided
strong leadership as well as financial and technical
support for these goals.
(b) CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNICEF.—To carry out sec-
tion 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2221; relating to voluntary contributions to international
organizations and programs), there are authorized to be
appropriated $110,000,000 for fiscal year 1996 and
$120,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 for contributions to the
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) for activities
to promote child health and other assistance programs on
behalf of children.
(c) CHILD SURVIVAL ACTIVITIES.—Section 104(c)(2)
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2151b(c)(2); relating to the Child Survival Fund) is
amended—
(1) 
in 
subparagraph 
(B), 
by 
striking
‘‘$25,000,000 for fiscal year 1986 and $75,000,000
for fiscal year 1987’’ and inserting ‘‘$180,000,000
for fiscal year 1996 and $210,000,000 for fiscal
year 1997’’; and
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the fol-
lowing new subparagraphs:
‘‘(D)(i) Subject to clauses (ii) and (iii), of the aggre-
gate of the amounts made available to carry out subpara-
graph (B) of this paragraph, sections 103(a) and section
106 of this chapter, chapter 10 of this part, and chapter
4 of part II and for the Multilateral Assistance Initiative
for the Philippines, not less than $330,000,000 for fiscal
year 1996 and not less than $380,000,000 for fiscal year
1997 shall be available only for activities described in sub-
paragraph (A) which have a direct measurable impact on
the reduction in the rates of child morbidity and mortality,
with a particular emphasis on delivery of community-based
primary health care and health education services which
benefit the poorest of the poor.
‘‘(ii) Of the amounts made available under clause (i)
for activities described in subparagraph (A), not less than
$30,000,000 for fiscal year 1996 and not less than
$50,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 shall be provided to pri-
vate and voluntary organizations under the PVO Child
Survival grants program carried out by the United States
Agency for International Development.
‘‘(iii) Amounts made available under section 103(h)
of this chapter (relating to the Vitamin A Deficiency Pro-
gram), part I of this Act for iodine and iron fortification
programs and for iron supplementation programs for
pregnant women, chapter 9 of this part (relating to inter-
national disaster assistance), section 104(c)(4) of this
chapter (relating to international AIDS prevention and
control), and any other provision of law for migration and
refugee assistance, shall not be included in the aggregate
amounts described in clause (i) for purposes of the re-
quirements contained in such clause.
‘‘(E) The President shall include in the annual budg-
et submitted to the Congress a description of the meas-
ured or estimated impact on the rates of child morbidity
and mortality of each project or program carried out
under this paragraph.’’.
SEC. 4. GLOBAL MALNUTRITION.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:
(1) Malnutrition, which is preventable at low
cost, is an underlying cause of death in the vast ma-
jority of childhood diseases.
(2) The Plan of Action adopted at the World
Summit for Children calls for halving severe and
moderate malnutrition among children under 5 years
of age by the year 2000.
(3) The Congress has already undertaken sub-
stantial action to address this problem in the Food,
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990,
which established food security for the poorest and
the prevention of malnutrition as priorities in food
assistance programs administered by the United
States Agency for International Development under
the Agriculture Trade Development and Assistance
Act of 1954.
(4) Child survival activities are also key to re-
ducing child malnutrition and must be pursued in
conjunction with efforts to ensure food security.
(5) Section 411 of the Agricultural Trade De-
velopment and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C.
1736e), as amended by the Food, Agriculture, Con-
servation, and Trade Act of 1990, authorizes the
forgiveness of Public Law 480 debt owed by least
developed countries that are pursuing national eco-
nomic policy reforms that would promote long-term
economic development, but the exercise of that au-
thority requires further action by the Congress in an
appropriations Act.
(6) Vitamin A deficiency remains a scourge of
children in developing countries, with an estimated
2,000,000 children facing blindness in the 1990’s
and tens of millions more facing increased risk of in-
fection and death, if access to vitamin A is not in-
creased. Vitamin A intake has been associated with
significant reductions in infant mortality rates.
(7) 1,000,000,000 people are at risk of iodine
deficiency disease, with the very young being most
vulnerable. Iodine deficiency is a major cause of
mental retardation worldwide.
(8) 2,000,000,000 people suffer from some de-
gree of iron deficiency anemia, particularly women of
childbearing age and young children.
(9) It should be possible to eliminate the major-
ity of vitamin A deficiency and iodine deficiency dis-
orders by the year 2000 and to also reduce iron defi-
ciency anemia among women of childbearing age by
one-third by the year 2000.
(b) PUBLIC LAW 480 DEBT AUTHORITY.—It is the
sense of the Congress that authority, in such amounts as
may be required, should be granted to the President in
an appropriations Act to exercise the debt authority with
respect to least developed countries that is provided in sec-
tion 411 of the Agricultural Trade Development and As-
sistance Act of 1954.
(c) VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROGRAM.—Section 103
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151a;
relating to development assistance for agriculture, rural
development, and nutrition) is amended by adding at the
end the following new subsection:
‘‘(h) VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY PROGRAM.—(1) The
Congress finds that—
‘‘(A) vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of
childhood mortality;
‘‘(B) vitamin A intervention programs are inex-
pensive, practical to administer, and cost-effective in
terms of human productivity; and
‘‘(C) the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development is already implementing a Vi-
tamin A Deficiency Program.
‘‘(2) Of the amounts made available to carry out this
section, not less than $17,000,000 for fiscal year 1996
and not less than $23,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 shall
be available only for Vitamin A supplementation and for-
tification through the Vitamin A Deficiency Program.’’.
(d) OTHER MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES.—In ad-
dition to amounts otherwise available for such programs,
there are authorized to be appropriated $13,000,000 for
fiscal year 1996 and $17,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 for
iodine and iron fortification programs, and for iron
supplementation programs for pregnant women, under
part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
SEC. 5. MATERNAL AND CHILD MORTALITY RESULTING
FROM AIDS.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:
(1) As of 1992, nearly 5,000,000 women of
childbearing age and over 1,000,000 children were
infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), the virus that causes the acquired immune