FAA’s implementation of section 2111 of the FAA Exten-
sion, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (Public Law 114– 
190; 49 U.S.C. 44903 note; relating to the development of 
a comprehensive and strategic aviation cybersecurity 
framework and establishment of a research and development 
plan to mitigate cybersecurity risks in the National Air-
space System). The report, at minimum, shall include the 
following: 
(1) A description of the FAA’s progress in devel-
oping, implementing, and updating such framework. 
(2) A description of prioritized research and de-
velopment activities for the most needed improve-
ments, with target dates, to safeguard the National 
Airspace System. 
(3) An explanation for any delays or challenges 
in so implementing such section. 
SEC. 217. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING COLLABO-
RATIONS. 
Nothing in this Act may be construed as modifying 
or limiting existing collaborations, or limiting potential en-
gagement on future collaborations, between the Adminis-
trator, stakeholders, and labor organizations, including the 
exclusive bargaining representative of air traffic controllers 
certified under section 7111 of title 5, United States Code, 
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pertaining to Federal Aviation Administration research, 
development, demonstration, and testing activities. 
SEC. 218. TURBULENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of appro-
priations for such purpose, the Administrator, in collabora-
tion with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration, and in consultation with the 
Administrator of NASA, shall carry out applied research 
and development to— 
(1) enhance the monitoring and understanding 
of severe turbulence, including clear-air turbulence; 
and 
(2) inform the development of measures to miti-
gate safety impacts on crew and the flying public that 
may result from severe turbulence. 
(b) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.—In 
conducting the research and development on severe turbu-
lence in accordance with subsection (a), the Administrator 
shall— 
(1) establish processes and procedures for com-
prehensive and systematic data collection through 
both instrumentation and pilot reporting, of severe 
turbulence, including clear-air turbulence; 
(2) establish measures for storing and managing 
such data collection; 
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(3) support measures for monitoring and charac-
terizing incidents of severe turbulence; 
(4) consider relevant existing research and devel-
opment from other entities, including Federal depart-
ments and agencies, academia, and the private sector; 
and 
(5) carry out research and development— 
(A) to understand the impacts of climate 
change and other factors on the nature of turbu-
lence, including severe turbulence and clear-air 
turbulence; 
(B) to enhance turbulence forecasts for flight 
planning and execution, seasonal predictions for 
schedule and route-planning, and long-term pro-
jections of severe turbulence, including clear-air 
turbulence; and 
(C) on other subject matters areas related to 
severe turbulence, as determined by the Adminis-
trator; and 
(6) support the effective transition of the results 
of research and development to operations, where ap-
propriate. 
(c) NO DUPLICATION.—The Administrator shall en-
sure that research and development activities under this sec-
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tion do not duplicate other Federal programs relating to 
turbulence. 
(d) TURBULENCE DATA.— 
(1) COMMERCIAL PROVIDERS.—In conducting re-
search and development activities under subsection 
(b), the Administrator may enter into agreements 
with commercial providers for the following: 
(A) The purchase of turbulence data. 
(B) The placement on aircraft of instru-
ments relevant to understanding and monitoring 
turbulence. 
(2) DATA
ACCESS.—The Administrator shall 
make the data collected pursuant to subsection (b) 
widely available and accessible to the scientific re-
search, user, and stakeholder communities, including 
the Administrator of the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration, to the greatest extent prac-
ticable and in accordance with Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration data management policies. 
(e) REPORT ON TURBULENCE RESEARCH.—Not later 
than 15 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Administrator, in collaboration with the Administrator 
of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
report that— 
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(1) details the activities conducted under this 
section, including how the research and development 
activities under subsection (b) have contributed to the 
goals specified in subsection (a); 
(2) assesses the current state of scientific under-
standing of the causes, occurrence rates, and past and 
projected future trends in occurrence rates of severe 
turbulence, including clear-air turbulence; 
(3) describes the processes and procedures for col-
lecting, storing, and managing, data in pursuant to 
subsection (b); 
(4) assesses— 
(A) the use of commercial providers pursu-
ant to subsection (d)(1); and 
(B) the need for any future Federal Govern-
ment collection or procurement of data and in-
struments related to turbulence, including an as-
sessment of costs; 
(5) describes how such data will be made avail-
able to the scientific research, user, and stakeholder 
communities; and 
(6) identifies future research and development 
needed to inform the development of measures to pre-
dict and mitigate the safety impacts that may result 
from severe turbulence, including clear-air turbulence. 
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