•HRES 1328 IH 
Hemedti and General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan of the 
SAF, into leadership roles in the transition government 
in 2019 only heightened the risk of atrocities recurring 
across Sudan, including genocide in Darfur; 
Whereas fighting between the SAF and the RSF broke out 
in Khartoum on April 15, 2023, and quickly spread to 
Darfur, where the RSF has taken control of four of five 
regional capitals in Darfur: Nyala, Geneina, Zalingei, and 
El Daein; 
Whereas, on August 16, 2023, CNN issued an investigative 
report on the June 15, 2023, atrocity in El Geneina, the 
capital of West Darfur, describing the atrocity as ‘‘one 
of the most violent incidents in the genocide-scarred Su-
danese region’s history’’, explaining how ‘‘the powerful 
paramilitary Rapid Support Forces and its allied militias 
hunted down non-Arab people in various parts of the city 
. . . reviving a genocidal playbook’’, and in which sur-
vivors reported that identifying as Masalit ‘‘was a death 
sentence’’; 
Whereas, on November 3, 2023, the Office of the United Na-
tions High Commissioner for Human Rights stated, ‘‘We 
are deeply alarmed by reports that women and girls are 
being abducted and held in inhuman, degrading slave-like 
conditions in areas controlled by the Rapid Support 
Forces (RSF) in Darfur’’; 
Whereas, on November 14, 2023, the United Nations Special 
Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, Alice Wairimu 
Nderitu, expressed extreme concern with the ‘‘serious al-
legations of mass killings’’ in Ardamata, which ‘‘may con-
stitute acts of genocide’’, citing reports that the violence 
killed more than 800 people and displaced 8,000 Suda-
nese individuals to Chad; 
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•HRES 1328 IH 
Whereas, on December 6, 2023, Secretary of State Antony 
Blinken determined that, since the fighting between the 
SAF and the RSF began on April 15, 2023, Sudan has 
experienced war crimes, crimes against humanity, and 
ethnic cleansing in ‘‘haunting echoes of the genocide that 
began almost 20 years ago in Darfur’’, including Masalit 
civilians being ‘‘hunted down and left for dead in the 
streets, their homes set on fire, and told that there is no 
place in Sudan for them’’; 
Whereas a December 15, 2023, Reuters special investigative 
report detailed the targeted killing of Masalit men and 
boys by the RSF, about which an emergency protection 
officer for the United Nations High Commissioner for 
Refugees explained that ‘‘the objective of the killings 
seems to be the elimination of future fighters as well as 
the line of ancestry of a specific ethnic group’’, referring 
to the Masalit people; 
Whereas the RSF has killed Masalit political and traditional 
leaders in El Geneina, West Darfur, including Khamis 
Abdullah Abbakar, the Governor of West Darfur, and 
Farsha Mohamed Arbab, a prominent leader of the 
Masalit Sultanate; 
Whereas, on May 9, 2024, Human Rights Watch reported 
that attacks by the RSF and allied militias in El 
Geneina, the capital city of Sudan’s West Darfur state, 
killed thousands of people and left hundreds of thousands 
as refugees, from April to November 2023; 
Whereas there is significant evidence of widespread, system-
atic actions against the non-Arab ethnic communities of 
Darfur, including the Masalit people, committed by the 
RSF and allied militias that meet one or more of the cri-
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•HRES 1328 IH 
teria under Article II of the Genocide Convention, includ-
ing— 
(1) killing members of the non-Arab ethnic commu-
nities in Darfur in mass killings of civilians, including 
summary executions in the streets and shootings of civil-
ians fleeing across the Wadi Kaja river and to the Chad 
border, targeted killings of men and boys, targeted 
killings of Masalit leaders, and burials in mass graves; 
(2) causing serious bodily or mental harm to mem-
bers of such communities, including through extrajudicial 
detention, torture and beatings, extortion, sexual and 
gender-based violence, mass rape, sexual slavery, and 
forced displacement; and 
(3) deliberately inflicting on such communities con-
ditions of life calculated to bring about their physical de-
struction in whole or in part, including the annihilation 
of villages, targeted attacks on marketplaces and schools, 
widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure and tele-
communication, the looting of homes and hospitals, as-
saults on camps for displaced persons, the destruction of 
humanitarian facilities, the killing of aid workers, and re-
strictions on humanitarian aid and access; and 
Whereas credible descriptions of the RSF’s objective of elimi-
nation of the line of ancestry of the non-Arab tribes of 
Darfur, survivors’ statements reporting that identifying 
as Masalit is a death sentence, and reports that the RSF 
made clear that there is no place in Sudan for the 
Masalit, against the backdrop of the prior genocide in 
Darfur, evince a specific intent on the part of the RSF 
to destroy the Masalit and other non-Arab ethnic groups 
in Darfur in whole or in substantial part: Now, therefore, 
be it 
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•HRES 1328 IH 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) condemns atrocities, including those that 
amount to genocide, being committed by the Rapid 
Support Forces (RSF) and allied militias against 
the Masalit people and other non-Arab ethnic groups 
in Darfur, and the roles of the RSF and Sudanese 
Armed Forces (SAF) in perpetrating atrocities, hu-
manitarian catastrophe, and the destruction of 
Sudan; 
(2) calls for an immediate end to the war and 
all violence and atrocities in Sudan; 
(3) urges the Government of the United 
States— 
(A) to take immediate steps with the inter-
national community, including through multilat-
eral fora, to protect civilians, including by es-
tablishing safe zones and humanitarian cor-
ridors, enforcing the United Nations Security 
Council 
arms 
embargo 
on 
Darfur, 
and 
brokering a comprehensive cease-fire between 
the warring parties in Sudan; 
(B) to support the consistent and trans-
parent documentation of atrocities and geno-
cidal acts in Sudan by instituting a mechanism 
that will, to the greatest extent possible, pub-
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•HRES 1328 IH 
licly release such documentation on a consistent 
and regular basis; 
(C) to immediately identify mechanisms 
through which to fund local, community-based 
organizations that are currently providing non-
lethal assistance to the Sudanese people in con-
flict-affected areas that traditional imple-
menting partners cannot reach, including for 
the delivery of food, medical aid, and shelter to 
individuals impacted by the war in Sudan; and 
(D) to review and update the atrocities de-
termination for Sudan every 180 days for 3 
years from enactment; 
(4) supports tribunals and international crimi-
nal investigations to hold the RSF and allied militias 
accountable for war crimes, crimes against human-
ity, and genocide; and 
(5) calls on the Atrocity Prevention Task Force 
to conduct a comprehensive review of its efforts to 
prevent, analyze, and respond to atrocities in Sudan, 
in alignment with the 2022 United States Strategy 
to Anticipate, Prevent, and Respond to Atrocities. 
Æ 
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