676 
of Navy shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a strategy for delivering a rearm at sea capability to the 
surface fleet of the United States Navy. Such strategy shall 
include each of the following: 
(1) A plan to develop, by not later than three 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
capability to employ rearming equipment to load 
missile canisters into MK 41 vertical launch system 
cells on Navy destroyers while operating at sea, in-
cluding an identification of the current and planned 
investments of the Navy in technology development to 
achieve such capability, including the anticipated cost 
and schedule for such investments. 
(2) A plan for the key milestone events and asso-
ciated dates in the development of such capability. 
(3) A plan to coordinate with allies of the 
United States that use variants of the United States 
manufactured MK 41 vertical launch system to joint-
ly procure rearm at sea capabilities. 
(4) An identification of any courses of action the 
Secretary is considering other than the plans referred 
to in paragraphs (1) through (2) to address the gap 
between the rearm at sea capabilities of the United 
States and the capabilities of other countries, includ-
ing the use of uncrewed technologies.
677 
(5) Such other matters as the Secretary deter-
mines appropriate. 
(b) BRIEFING.— Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Navy shall 
provide to the congressional defense committees a written 
briefing on the development of the strategy required under 
(a). 
SEC. 1028. AUTHORITY TO USE INCREMENTAL FUNDING 
FOR THE VIRGINIA-CLASS SUBMARINE PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) AUTHORITY TO USE INCREMENTAL FUNDING TO 
ENTER INTO A CONTRACT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A 
VIRGINIA-CLASS SUBMARINE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Amounts authorized to be ap-
propriated by this Act or otherwise made available for 
the Navy for Shipbuilding and Conversion for fiscal 
year 2025 may be used by the Secretary of the Navy 
to enter into an incrementally funded contract for the 
construction of a Virginia-class submarine. 
(2) AVAILABILITY
OF
FUNDS.—A contract en-
tered into under paragraph (1) shall provide that any 
obligation of the United States to make a payment 
under the contract is subject to the availability of ap-
propriations for that purpose, and that total liability 
to the Government for the termination of the contract
678 
shall be limited to the total amount of funding obli-
gated at time of termination. 
(3) CONDITION FOR OUT-YEAR CONTRACT PAY-
MENTS.—A contract entered into under paragraph (1) 
shall provide that any obligation of the United States 
to make a payment under the contract for any fiscal 
year is subject to the availability of appropriations 
for that purpose for such fiscal year. 
(4) LIMITATION ON TERMINATION LIABILITY.—A 
contract for the construction of Virginia class sub-
marines entered into under paragraph (1) shall pro-
vide that the total liability to the Federal government 
for the termination of the contract shall be limited to 
the total amount of funding obligated to the contract 
as of the date of the termination. 
(b) AUTHORITY TO USE INCREMENTAL FUNDING FOR 
LIMITED EFFORTS RELATED
TO VIRGINIA-CLASS SUB-
MARINE PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to the limitation 
under paragraph (2), the Secretary of the Navy may 
modify existing contracts to provide for incremental 
funding of Virginia-class submarines authorized to be 
procured under section 122 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (Public Law 
112–239; 126 Stat. 1655), section 124 of the National
679 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Pub-
lic Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1311) (as amended by sec-
tion 129 of the John S. McCain National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 
115-232; 132 Stat 1665)), section 123 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Pub-
lic Law 118–31; 137 Stat 169), or otherwise appro-
priated in fiscal year 2024. 
(2) LIMITATION.—The authority under para-
graph (1) may only be used to provide for an increase 
in wages for the shipbuilder workforce or an increase 
in non-executive level salaries. 
(3) CONDITION FOR OUT-YEAR CONTRACT PAY-
MENT.—A contract entered into under section 122 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2013 (Public Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 1655) or 
section 124 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 
1311) (as amended by section 129 of the John S. 
McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
cal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 132 Stat 1665)) 
or modified under paragraph (1) shall provide that 
any obligation of the United States to make a pay-
ment under the contract for any fiscal year is subject
680 
to the availability of appropriations for that purpose 
for such subsequent fiscal year. 
(4) LIMITATION ON TERMINATION LIABILITY.—A 
contract for the construction of Virginia class sub-
marines entered into under section 122 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 
(Public Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 1655) or section 124 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 1311) (as 
amended by section 129 of the John S. McCain Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
(Public Law 115-232; 132 Stat 1665)) or modified 
under paragraph (1) shall provide that the total li-
ability to the Federal government for the termination 
of the contract shall be limited to the total amount of 
funding obligated to the contract as of the date of the 
termination. 
SEC. 1029. AUTHORITY TO USE INCREMENTAL FUNDING TO 
ENTER INTO A CONTRACT FOR THE CON-
STRUCTION OF AN ARLEIGH BURKE CLASS 
DESTROYER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Amounts authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act or otherwise made available for the 
Navy for Shipbuilding and Conversion for fiscal year 2025 
may be used by the Secretary of the Navy to enter into an
681 
incrementally funded contract for the construction of an 
Arleigh Burke class destroyer. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—A contract entered into 
under subsection (a) shall provide that any obligation of 
the United States to make a payment under the contract 
is subject to the availability of appropriations for that pur-
pose, and that total liability to the Government for the ter-
mination of the contract shall be limited to the total amount 
of funding obligated at time of termination. 
SEC. 1030. PILOT PROGRAM ON USE OF AUTOMATED IN-
SPECTION TECHNOLOGIES AT SHIPYARDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Beginning not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of the Navy shall carry out a pilot program on the use of 
automated inspection technologies at shipyards. 
(b) SELECTION OF LOCATION.—The Secretary shall se-
lect one shipyard at which to carry out the pilot program 
required under subsection (a) and shall take such steps as 
may be necessary to minimize the disruption to the oper-
ations of the shipyard during the conduct of the pilot pro-
gram. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—In carrying out the pilot program re-
quired under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
682 
(1) select at least one surface ship as a test plat-
form to collect a comprehensive set of inspection cri-
teria used for defining maintenance requirements; 
(2) define requirements for the upgrade or over-
haul of the information technology infrastructure at 
the shipyard to ensure compatibility with new tech-
nologies implemented under the pilot program; 
(3) provide for the training of personnel on the 
operation and maintenance of the automated inspec-
tion technologies selected for use during the pilot pro-
gram; 
(4) designate an individual who shall be respon-
sible for implementing and overseeing each phase of 
the pilot program; and 
(5) recommend a strategic sequencing plan of the 
pilot program to ensure the execution of necessary in-
formation technology upgrades prior to the deploy-
ment of robotic systems. 
(d) REPORT AND BRIEFINGS.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the 
termination of the pilot program under subsection (e), 
the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report on the results of the pilot pro-
gram.
683 
(2) BRIEFINGS.—Upon completion of the se-
quencing plan required under subsection (c)(5), the 
Secretary shall provide to the congressional defense 
committees a briefing on the plan. 
(e) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out a pilot 
program under this section shall terminate on the date that 
is three years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 1031. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE UNMANNED MARITIME 
AUTONOMY ARCHITECTURE. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of the Navy shall— 
(1) provide a forum and resources to facilitate 
industry participation in the creation and manage-
ment of a vendor-agnostic and platform-agnostic mod-
ular open systems architecture and associated stand-
ards for maritime unmanned systems; 
(2) adopt or join a governance model for the 
standards described in paragraph (1) that includes 
Government and industry participation; 
(3) implement a frequent or continuous process 
for incorporating industry feedback into the stand-
ards described in paragraph (1) and conforming those 
standards with leading industry practices; 
(4) for each relevant Navy program or contract, 
tailor the standards described in paragraph (1) to the
684 
minimum standards necessary to enable desired oper-
ational capabilities for the program or contract; and 
(5) label and distribute the standards described 
in paragraph (1) as open, publicly releasable infor-
mation, to the greatest extent possible. 
SEC. 1032. COMPETITIVE DEMONSTRATION OF LARGE AND 
EXTRA LARGE UNMANNED UNDERWATER VE-
HICLES. 
(a) COMPETITIVE DEMONSTRATION REQUIRED.—Not 
later than June 1, 2025, the Secretary of the Navy, in co-
ordination with the Commander of the United States Indo- 
Pacific Command and in consultation with the Director of 
the Defense Innovation Unit, shall carry out a competitive 
demonstration of large and extra large unmanned under-
water vehicle capabilities, including non-developmental 
items from commercial or foreign partner sources that lever-
age commercial solutions openings. 
(b) CRITERIA.—In developing and evaluating the com-
petitive demonstration required by subsection (a), the Sec-
retary of the Navy shall consider the following: 
(1) The ability of large and extra large un-
manned underwater vehicles to integrate with mission 
autonomy planning capability and joint command 
and control systems.
685 
(2) The ability of such vehicles to execute high- 
value missions in a contested environment. 
(3) Vehicle performance with respect to naviga-
tion, endurance, and concepts of employment. 
(4) The technical maturity, reliability, and 
maintainability of such vehicles. 
(5) Feedback from military users, especially with 
respect to user interface, mission functionality, ease of 
use and deployment, and command and control. 
(6) Initial assessments of the total cost to pro-
cure, operate, and sustain a persistent large and extra 
large unmanned underwater vehicle presence in sup-
port of the operational requirements of the United 
States Indo-Pacific Command. 
(c) USE OF FUNDS.—The Secretary of the Navy may 
obligate and expend amounts made available for the Navy 
in fiscal year 2025 for research, development, test, and eval-
uation, and operation and maintenance to carry out the 
competitive demonstration required by subsection (a). 
(d) ASSESSMENTS REQUIRED.— 
(1) SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than Sep-
tember 1, 2025, the Secretary of the Navy shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees 
the unaltered assessment of the Secretary of the
686 
competitive demonstration required by subsection 
(a). 
(B) ELEMENTS.—The assessment required 
by subparagraph (A) may include recommenda-
tions for updating the funding and acquisition 
plans for the large and extra large unmanned 
underwater vehicle program. 
(2) COMMANDER OF UNITED STATES INDO-PA-
CIFIC COMMAND.—Not later than September 1, 2025, 
the Commander of the United States Indo-Pacific 
Command shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees the unaltered assessment of the Com-
mander of the continued validity of the large and 
extra large unmanned underwater vehicle require-
ments and any proposed new requirements. 
(e) LARGE AND EXTRA LARGE UNMANNED UNDER-
WATER VEHICLES DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘large and extra large unmanned underwater vehicles’’ 
means systems that— 
(1) are capable of— 
(A) operating while completely submerged 
in the sea; and 
(B) supporting one or more missions with 
a modular payload integration; and 
(2) have a range of at least 1,000 nautical miles.
687 
SEC. 1033. REQUIREMENT FOR MATURE SHIP DESIGN. 
The Secretary of the Navy shall take such actions as 
are necessary for the Navy to adopt recommendations 1, 
3, 4, and 6 in the report of the Government Accountability 
Office titled, ‘‘Navy Shipbuilding: Increased Use of Leading 
Design Practices Could Improve Timeliness of Deliveries’’, 
and dated May 2, 2024 (GAO–24–105503). 
Subtitle D—Counterterrorism 
SEC. 1041. EXTENSION OF PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS 
FOR TRANSFER OR RELEASE OF INDIVIDUALS 
DETAINED AT UNITED STATES NAVAL STA-
TION, GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, TO THE 
UNITED STATES. 
Section 1033 of the John S. McCain National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115– 
232; 132 Stat. 1953), as most recently amended by section 
1031 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 137 Stat. 386), is further 
amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ and inserting 
‘‘December 31, 2025’’.
689 
SEC. 1044. EXTENSION OF PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS 
TO CLOSE OR RELINQUISH CONTROL OF 
UNITED STATES NAVAL STATION, GUANTA-
NAMO BAY, CUBA. 
Section 1036 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 131 Stat. 
1551), as most recently amended by section 1034 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Pub-
lic Law 118–31; 137 Stat. 387), is further amended by 
striking ‘‘2024’’ and inserting ‘‘2025’’. 
Subtitle E—Miscellaneous 
Authorities and Limitations 
SEC. 1051. AUTHORITY TO CONTRIBUTE TO INNOVATION 
FUND. 
Subchapter II of chapter 138 of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
‘‘§ 2350s. Authority to contribute to innovation fund 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY TO CONTRIBUTE TO NATO INNOVA-
TION FUND.—Within amounts authorized by law for such 
purpose during the five-year period following the date of 
the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2025, the Secretary of Defense may contribute 
to the NATO Innovation Fund a total amount of no more 
than $200,000,000. 
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
690 
‘‘(1) The term ‘NATO’ means the North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘NATO Innovation Fund’ means 
the multi-sovereign, investment venture capital fund 
of NATO that provides secure investment in dual-use, 
high-impact technology.’’. 
SEC. 1052. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY FOR REIMBURSE-
MENT OF EXPENSES FOR CERTAIN NAVY 
MESS OPERATIONS. 
Section 1014 of the Duncan Hunter National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 (Public Law 110– 
417; 122 Stat. 4585), as most recently amended by section 
1028 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3388), is further 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘September 30, 
2025’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2030’’; and 
(2) by striking subsection (c). 
SEC. 1053. ASSESSMENTS OF CASUALTIES AND FATALITIES 
DURING HOSTILITIES. 
In making assessments of casualties and fatalities dur-
ing hostilities, the Department of Defense may not cite as 
authoritative in public communications, fatality figures 
that are derived by United States-designated terrorist orga-
nizations, governmental entities controlled by United
691 
States-designated terrorist organizations, or any sources 
that rely on figures provided by United States-designated 
terrorist organizations. 
SEC. 1054. ESTABLISHMENT OF MAJOR MISHAP INCIDENT 
DESIGNATION CLASSIFICATION FOR DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE INCIDENTS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
establish a new mishap designation classification for the 
most serious incidents, to be known as ‘‘major mishap inci-
dents’’, to describe any incident that— 
(1) results in not less than $500,000,000 in dam-
age or loss; and 
(2) is of such complexity or sensitivity, or would 
have such an effect on the national security of the 
United States, as to warrant designation by the Sec-
retary of Defense as a major mishap incident pursu-
ant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary and 
that include the consideration of— 
(A) the number of members of the Armed 
Forces who were killed due to the incident; 
(B) the geographic dispersion of the inci-
dent; 
(C) the grade of individuals involved; 
(D) the number of Armed Forces and Gov-
ernment entities involved;
692 
(E) the effect of the incident on the local ci-
vilian population; 
(F) the effect of the incident on any foreign 
government or foreign personnel; 
(G) the anticipated complexity or difficulty 
of the investigation of the incident; 
(H) the effect of the incident on the capa-
bility of any major operational command or 
component to continue to function effectively; 
and 
(I) such other matters as the Secretary de-
termines appropriate. 
(b) INVESTIGATIONS.— 
(1) GRADE
OF
INVESTIGATING
OFFICER.—The 
convening authority for any investigation of a major 
mishap incident shall appoint an investigating officer 
from among officers who hold a rank not lower than 
Major General in the Army, Air Force, or Marine 
Corps or Rear Admiral in the Navy to investigate all 
major mishap incidents— 
(A) including any related administrative, 
disciplinary, or legal investigations; and 
(B) excluding any criminal investigations 
conducted by a military criminal investigative 
organization.
693 
(2) TIMELINE FOR INVESTIGATIONS.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall amend Department of Defense 
Instruction 6055.07 to set the goal that a full inves-
tigation of each major mishap incident be completed, 
to the extent practicable, not later than one year after 
the date on which the investigation is initiated. 
(3) BRIEFING
REQUIREMENT.—In the case of 
any investigation of a major mishap incident that is 
not completed within the timeline provided under 
paragraph (2), the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate 
and House of Representatives a briefing every 90 
days until the date of the completion of the investiga-
tion. Each such briefing shall include— 
(A) an explanation for why the investiga-
tion has not been completed; and 
(B) the projected date of the completion of 
the investigation. 
(c) ACCOUNTABILITY ACTIONS.—If an investigation 
into a major mishap incident includes a recommendation 
to hold an individual accountable, the separation authority 
or convening authority, as appropriate, shall submit to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of 
Representatives a report on the status of the proceeding for 
the accountability action every 120 days beginning on the
694 
date of the completion of the investigation of the incident 
and ending on the date on which the proceeding is complete. 
(d) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall provide to the Committees on Armed 
Services for the Senate and House of Representatives a 
briefing on— 
(1) the status of the implementation of the estab-
lishment of a major mishap incident designation, as 
required under subsection (a); 
(2) any updates to statutes or Department of De-
fense Instructions that are needed to implement this 
section; and 
(3) the projected timeline for the implementation 
of this section. 
(e) DEADLINE FOR IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later than 
one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Defense shall finalize the implementation of 
this section, including by updating any Department of De-
fense guidance and policy as necessary to carry out the re-
quirements of this section.
695 
SEC. 
1055. 
PROHIBITION 
ON 
USE 
OF 
FUNDS 
FOR 
ECOHEALTH ALLIANCE AND THE WUHAN IN-
STITUTE OF VIROLOGY. 
None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this 
Act or otherwise made available for the Department of De-
fense for fiscal year 2025 may be made available, directly 
or indirectly, to— 
(1) EcoHealth Alliance, Inc.; 
(2) any subsidiary of EcoHealth Alliance, Inc.; 
(3) any organization directly controlled by 
EcoHealth Alliance, Inc.; 
(4) any individual or organization that is a sub-
grantee or subcontractor of EcoHealth Alliance Inc; 
or 
(5) the Wuhan Institute of Virology for any pur-
pose. 
SEC. 1056. PROHIBITION ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
TRANSPORTATION 
OF 
CURRENCY 
TO 
TALIBAN OR ISLAMIC EMIRATE OF AFGHANI-
STAN. 
None of the amounts authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or otherwise made available for the Department 
of Defense may be obligated or expended to operate any air-
craft of the Department of Defense to transport currency 
or other items of value to the Taliban, the Islamic Emirate 
of Afghanistan, or any subsidiary, agent, or instrumen-
696 
tality of either the Taliban or the Islamic Emirate of Af-
ghanistan. 
SEC. 1057. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR THE BADR 
ORGANIZATION 
AND 
RELATED 
ORGANIZA-
TIONS. 
None of the amounts authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or otherwise made available to the Department of 
Defense for fiscal year 2025 may be made available, directly 
or indirectly, to the Badr Organization, Asa’ib Ahl al-Haq, 
Kata’ib Hezbollah, or any organization that the Secretary 
of Defense determines to be an offshoot of any such organi-
zation. 
SEC. 1058. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS PENDING PROVI-
SION OF BRIEFING ON RELIANCE OF PEO-
PLE’S LIBERATION ARMY ON IMPORTED FOS-
SIL FUELS FOR ENERGY. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act 
for fiscal year 2025 for operation and maintenance, defense- 
wide, and available for the Office of the Secretary of Defense 
for travel expenses, not more than 85 percent may be obli-
gated or expended until the Secretary of Defense provides 
to the congressional defense committees the briefing regard-
ing the reliance of the People’s Liberation Army on im-
ported fossil fuels for energy, as directed by the joint explan-
atory statement of the committee of conference accom-
697 
panying the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31). 
SEC. 1059. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS TO SUPPORT 
ENTERTAINMENT PROJECTS WITH TIES TO 
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUB-
LIC OF CHINA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds authorized to be 
appropriated by this Act for the Department of Defense 
may be used to knowingly provide active and direct support 
to any film, television, or other entertainment project if the 
Secretary of Defense has demonstrable evidence that the 
project has complied or is likely to comply with a demand 
from the Government of the People’s Republic of China or 
the Chinese Communist Party, or an entity under the direc-
tion of the People’s Republic of China or the Chinese Com-
munist Party, to censor the content of the project in a mate-
rial manner to advance the national interest of the People’s 
Republic of China. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense may waive the 
prohibition under subsection (a) if the Secretary submits 
to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and 
House of Representatives a written certification that such 
a waiver is in the national interest of the United States.
698 
Subtitle F—Studies and Reports 
SEC. 1061. CHIEF OF NAVY RESERVE ANNUAL REPORT. 
Section 8083 of title 10, United States Code, is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(e) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Chief of Navy Reserve 
shall submit to the Secretary of Defense, through the Sec-
retary of the Navy, an annual report on the state of the 
Navy Reserve and the ability of the Navy Reserve to meet 
its missions. The report shall be prepared in conjunction 
with the Chief of Naval Operations and may be submitted 
in classified and unclassified versions.’’. 
SEC. 1062. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF REQUIRE-
MENT FOR COMBATANT COMMAND RISK AS-
SESSMENT FOR AIRBORNE INTELLIGENCE, 
SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE. 
Section 1061 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117– 
263) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, cancel,’’ after ‘‘retire’’; 
and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘, cancellation,’’ after ‘‘re-
tirement’’; and
699 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘the date that 
is five years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2032’’. 
SEC. 1063. EXTENSION OF BRIEFING REQUIREMENT RE-
GARDING CIVIL AUTHORITIES AT THE SOUTH-
WEST BORDER. 
Section 1070 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117– 
263; 136 Stat. 2791) is amended by striking ‘‘through De-
cember 31, 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘through December 31, 
2025’’. 
SEC. 1064. EXTENSION OF ANNUAL REPORT ON CIVILIAN 
CASUALTIES IN CONNECTION WITH UNITED 
STATES MILITARY OPERATIONS. 
Section 1057(e) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 10 U.S.C. 
113 note) is amended by striking ‘‘the date that is seven 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘December 31, 2030’’. 
SEC. 1065. REVIEW OF IRREGULAR WARFARE AUTHORITIES. 
(a) REVIEW REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall conduct a review of authorities relevant to 
the conduct of irregular warfare activities by the Depart-
700 
ment of Defense and provide the results of such review to 
the congressional defense committees. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—At a minimum, the review required 
by subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) an accounting of all authorities available to 
the Secretary of Defense for the conduct of irregular 
warfare activities; 
(2) an assessment of the adequacy of policy guid-
ance associated with the authorities identified under 
paragraph (1); 
(3) an explanation of the process for considering 
irregular warfare concepts of operation submitted by 
the combatant commands for approval; 
(4) a description of the process for coordinating 
and deconflicting Department of Defense irregular 
warfare activities with the heads of other relevant de-
partments and agencies; 
(5) planned actions to address any policy or 
process deficiencies identified as part of the required 
review; 
(6) legislative or resourcing recommendations to 
more effectively enable Department of Defense irreg-
ular warfare activities; and 
(7) any other matter determined relevant by the 
Secretary.
701 
(c) IRREGULAR WARFARE DEFINED.—For the purpose 
of this section, the term ‘‘irregular warfare’’ means a form 
of warfare where states and non-state actors campaign to 
assure or coerce states or other groups through indirect, 
non-attributable, or asymmetric activities. 
SEC. 1066. REPORTS ON APPROVAL AND DEPLOYMENT OF 
LETHAL AUTONOMOUS WEAPON SYSTEMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 2025, 
and annually thereafter until the termination date specified 
in subsection (d), the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a comprehensive report 
on the approval and deployment of lethal autonomous 
weapon systems by the United States. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report under subsection (a) 
shall include, with respect to the period covered by the re-
port, the following: 
(1) A comprehensive list of any lethal autono-
mous weapon systems that have been approved by 
senior defense officials for use by the United States 
military under Department of Defense Directive 
3000.09, or any successor document, and the dates of 
such approvals. 
(2) A comprehensive list of any lethal autono-
mous weapon systems that have received a waiver of 
the requirement for review by senior defense officials
702 
under such directive, or any successor document, and 
the dates such waivers were issued. 
(3) A comprehensive list of any lethal autono-
mous weapon systems that are undergoing review 
under such directive, or any successor document. 
(4) A comprehensive list of any lethal autono-
mous weapon systems not approved during review 
under such directive, or any successor document. 
(c) PERIOD COVERED BY REPORTS.— 
(1) INITIAL REPORT.—The period covered by the 
first report submitted under subsection (a) shall be all 
relevant time periods, as determined by the Secretary, 
preceding the date of the report. 
(2) SUBSEQUENT
REPORTS.—For each subse-
quent report submitted under subsection (a), the pe-
riod covered by the report shall be the period that 
elapsed since the date of the immediately preceding 
report. 
(d) TERMINATION.—The requirement to submit a re-
port under this section shall terminate on December 31, 
2029. 
(e) FORM.—Each report under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex.
703 
SEC. 1067. CONGRESSIONAL NOTICE REGARDING EXECUTE 
ORDERS ISSUED AT THE DIRECTION OF THE 
PRESIDENT OR THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE. 
(a) BRIEFINGS REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
provide to the congressional defense committees semi-
annual briefings on execute orders issued at the direc-
tion of the President or the Secretary of Defense and 
related activities conducted by the Department of De-
fense until the termination date under paragraph (2). 
(2) TERMINATION
DATE.—The requirement to 
provide briefings under this subsection shall terminate 
on the date that is five years after the date of the en-
actment of this Act. 
(b) BRIEFING ELEMENTS.—Each briefing under sub-
section (a) shall include the following: 
(1) An overview of each extant execute order 
issued at the direction of the President or the Sec-
retary of Defense. 
(2) An update on activity within each combatant 
command that is conducted pursuant to an execute 
order issued at the direction of the President or the 
Secretary of Defense. 
(3) A review of the legal issues, authorities, and 
governance mechanisms (including such legal issues, 
authorities, and governance mechanisms concerning
704 
the use of force) that are associated with each execute 
order described in paragraph (1) and the activities 
described in paragraph (2). 
(4) Any other matters the Secretary considers 
appropriate. 
(c) DISCLOSURE AND NOTICE REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) INITIAL NOTICE.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall provide to the congressional 
defense committees a copy of each extant execute order 
issued at the direction of the President or the Sec-
retary of Defense. 
(2) NOTICE
OF
ISSUANCE
OR
REVISION.—Not 
later than 15 days after the issuance or revision of 
any execute order issued at the direction of the Presi-
dent or the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of De-
fense shall provide to the congressional defense com-
mittees a copy of the new or revised execute order. 
(3) NOTICE OF TERMINATIONS.—Not later than 
15 days after the date on which any execute order 
that was issued at the direction of the President or 
the Secretary of Defense is terminated or rescinded, 
the Secretary of Defense shall notify the congressional 
defense committees in writing of the termination or 
rescission of the execute order.
705 
SEC. 1068. MOBILITY CAPABILITY REQUIREMENTS STUDY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander of the 
United States Transportation Command, in coordination 
with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secre-
taries of the military departments, and the commanders of 
the combatant commands, shall conduct a study of the end- 
to-end, full-spectrum mobility requirements to fulfill the na-
tional defense strategy required by section 113(g) of title 
10, United States Code, for 2022. 
(b) ELEMENTS OF STUDY.—The study required under 
subsection (a) shall include each of the following: 
(1) An assessment of the ability of the pro-
grammed airlift aircraft, tanker aircraft, sealift ships, 
fuel tanker vessels, patient movement forces, and key 
mobility enablers to meet the integrated strategic and 
theater mobility requirements in expected strategic 
environments, as defined by the guidance in such na-
tional defense strategy. 
(2) An identification, quantification, and de-
scription of the associated risk-to-mission (as defined 
by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Manual 
3105.01, Joint Risk Analysis) required to fulfill such 
strategy, including— 
(A) an assessment of risk-to-mission associ-
ated with achieving strategic and operational ob-
706 
jectives using the programmed airlift aircraft, 
tanker aircraft, sealift ships, fuel tanker vessels, 
patient movement forces, and key mobility 
enablers; and 
(B) a description of the combinations of 
airlift aircraft, tanker aircraft, sealift ships, fuel 
tanker vessels, patient movement forces, and key 
mobility enabler requirements and capabilities 
that provide low, moderate, significant, and high 
levels of risk-to-mission to fulfill such strategy; 
and 
(C) an evaluation of non-mobilized mobility 
forces to sustain daily competition activities and 
achieve necessary readiness to fulfill the national 
defense strategy. 
(3) An identification of any mobility capability 
gaps, shortfalls, overlaps, or excesses, including— 
(A) an assessment of associated risks with 
respect to the ability to conduct operations; and 
(B) 
recommended 
mitigation 
strategies 
where possible. 
(4) The articulation of all key assumptions and 
decisions made and excursions examined in con-
ducting the study with respect to— 
(A) risk;
707 
(B) programmed forces and infrastructure; 
(C) the availability of commercial airlift 
and commercial United States sealift and fuel 
tanker vessel capabilities and resources, when 
applicable; 
(D) aircraft usage rates, aircraft mission 
availability rates, aircraft mission capability 
rates, aircrew ratios, aircrew production, and 
aircrew readiness rates; 
(E) readiness, crewing, and activation rates 
for sealift ships and fuel tanker vessels; 
(F) 
prepositioning, 
forward 
stationing, 
seabasing, engineering, and infrastructure; 
(G) demand signals used to represent mis-
sions described in the national defense strategy 
for 2022, in competition and wartime; 
(H) concurrency and global integration of 
demand signals; 
(I) integrated global presence and basing 
strategy; 
(J) host nation or third-country support; 
(K) adversary actions to degrade and dis-
rupt United States mobility operations;
708 
(L) adversary actions that threaten freedom 
of navigation on international waterways, in-
cluding attacks on foreign ships and crews; 
(M) aircraft being used for training or un-
dergoing depot maintenance or modernization or 
ships undergoing depot maintenance; 
(N) patient movement and mobility ena-
bling forces availability, readiness, and use; 
(O) logistics concept of operations, includ-
ing any maneuver and sustainment support con-
cepts, methods, combat support forces, and com-
bat service support forces, that are required to 
enable the projection and enduring support to 
forces both deployed and in combat for each ana-
lytic scenario; 
(P) anticipated attrition rates for the as-
sessed force structure; and 
(Q) such other matters as the Commander 
determines appropriate. 
(5) Such other elements as the Commander deter-
mines appropriate. 
(c) REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS.— 
(1) INTERIM
BRIEFING.—Not later than six 
months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Commander of the United States Transportation
709 
Command shall provide to the congressional defense 
committees an interim briefing on the study required 
under subsection (a). 
(2) FINAL
REPORT
AND
BRIEFING.—Not later 
than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Commander of the United States Transpor-
tation Command, in coordination with the Chairman 
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secretaries of the mili-
tary departments, and the commanders of the combat-
ant commands, shall— 
(A) submit to the congressional defense com-
mittees a final report on the study required 
under subsection (a); and 
(B) provide to such committees a briefing 
on the report. 
(3) FORM
OF
REPORTS.—The report required 
under paragraph (2) shall be submitted in unclassi-
fied form, but may include a classified annex. 
(d) DEFINITION OF SEALIFT SHIP.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘sealift ship’’ includes— 
(1) theater and strategic platforms; and 
(2) surge sealift vessels and non-governmental 
vessels incorporated as part of the maritime logistics 
enterprise.
710 
SEC. 1069. BIODEFENSE POSTURE REVIEWS. 
(a) STRATEGY
AND
IMPLEMENTATION
PLAN
RE-
QUIRED.—Not later than December 31, 2026, and December 
31, 2029, the Secretary of Defense shall conduct a com-
prehensive examination of the biodefense policies, practices, 
programs, and initiatives of the Department of Defense. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each review conducted under sub-
section (a) shall include each of the following: 
(1) An inventory and assessment of all existing 
strategies, plans, policies, laws, and interagency 
agreements of the Department of Defense related to 
biodefense, including prevention, deterrence, prepared-
ness, detection, response, attribution, recovery, and 
mitigation. 
(2) An identification of relevant biological 
threats, including biological warfare, bioterrorism, 
naturally occurring infectious diseases, and acci-
dental exposures. 
(3) An identification of the current programs, ef-
forts, or activities of the Department of Defense with 
respect to— 
(A) preventing the acquisition, prolifera-
tion, and use of a biological weapon; 
(B) preventing an accidental or naturally 
occurring biological outbreak; and
711 
(C) mitigating the effects of a biological epi-
demic. 
(4) An identification of the roles and responsibil-
ities of the elements of the Department of Defense, in-
cluding internal and external coordination proce-
dures, in identifying and sharing information related 
to, warning of, and regarding protection against, acts 
of terrorism using biological agents and weapons and 
accidental or naturally occurring biological outbreaks. 
(5) An identification of methods in use by the 
Department to address biological attacks with emerg-
ing artificial intelligence and cyber capabilities. 
(6) An identification of related or required capa-
bilities and activities required to support the national 
biodefense strategy. 
(7) Recommendations for strengthening and im-
proving the current biodefense capabilities, authori-
ties, and command structures of the Department. 
(8) Recommendations for improving and for-
malizing interagency coordination and support mech-
anisms with respect to providing a robust national 
biodefense. 
(9) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense 
determines necessary. 
(c) SUBMITTAL TO CONGRESS.—
712 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
the completion of a review under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall— 
(A) provide to the congressional defense 
committees a briefing on the review; and 
(B) submit to the congressional defense com-
mittees a copy of the review. 
(2) FORM OF REVIEW.—Each review submitted 
under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassi-
fied form, but may include a classified annex. 
SEC. 1070. BRIEFINGS ON ATTEMPTS BY ALIENS AND FOR-
EIGN ACTORS TO ACCESS MILITARY INSTAL-
LATIONS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) INITIAL BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall provide to the Committees on Armed Services 
of the Senate and House of Representatives a briefing that 
includes, with respect to the five-year period preceding the 
date of the briefing, the following: 
(1) The number of instances in which an alien 
or a foreign actor— 
(A) attempted to enter a military installa-
tion or facility or real property of the Depart-
ment of Defense located in the United States 
without authorization by proceeding, in the di-
713 
rection of the installation, facility, or real prop-
erty, past the first point of the access control 
process, and other than as directed by security 
personnel as part of a controlled turnaround; or 
(B) gained entry to such an installation, fa-
cility, or real property. 
(2) For each instance identified under para-
graph (1)— 
(A) a summary of the entry or attempted 
entry of the installation, facility, or real prop-
erty; 
(B) an identification of the alien or foreign 
actor who entered or attempted to enter the in-
stallation, facility, or real property; and 
(C) with respect to each individual identi-
fied under subparagraph (B)— 
(i) the immigration status of the indi-
vidual (if any); 
(ii) the country of origin of the indi-
vidual; 
(iii) the method by which the indi-
vidual entered the United States and the 
date of entry; 
(iv) the intent of the individual when 
entering or attempting to enter the installa-
714 
tion, facility, or real property, including 
whether the individual was armed; 
(v) any criminal background of the in-
dividual; and 
(vi) such other information obtained 
during the Department of Defense investiga-
tion that the Secretary of Defense deter-
mines appropriate. 
(b) ANNUAL BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the briefing required under subsection (a), 
and annually thereafter until 2027, the Secretary of Defense 
shall provide to the Committees on Armed Services of the 
Senate and House of Representatives a briefing that in-
cludes, with respect to the one-year period preceding the 
date of the briefing, the information referred to in para-
graphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a). 
(c) DEFINITION OF ALIEN.—In this section, the term 
‘‘alien’’ has the meaning given that term in section 
101(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1101(a)(3)). 
SEC. 1071. REPORT ON RESOURCING OF ARCTIC STRATEGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—For each of fiscal years 2026 
through 2028, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees and the congressional re-
search agencies a report that includes cost data, for that
715 
fiscal year and the period covered by the future-years de-
fense program under section 221 of title 10, United States 
Code, for the Arctic Strategy of the Department of Defense. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report required by subsection 
(a) shall include, for the fiscal year covered by the report, 
an assessment of the resourcing and military construction 
requirements to implement the Arctic Strategy from funds 
requested for— 
(1) the Department of the Navy; 
(2) the Department of the Army; 
(3) the United States Northern Command; 
(4) the United States Special Operations Com-
mand; and 
(5) such other components of the Department of 
Defense that the Secretary determines are appro-
priate; 
(c) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary shall submit the re-
port required by subsection (a) to the congressional defense 
committees and the congressional research agencies— 
(1) for fiscal year 2026, not later than May 1, 
2025; and 
(2) for fiscal year 2027 and fiscal year 2028, 
with the materials submitted to Congress by the Sec-
retary of Defense in support of the budget of the
716 
President for that fiscal year (as submitted under sec-
tion 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code). 
(d) FORM.—Each report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in— 
(1) an unclassified form that may be made 
available to the public; and 
(2) an unclassified form that may include a clas-
sified annex. 
(e) LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH AGENCY DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘legislative research agency’’ includes 
the following: 
(1) The Congressional Research Service. 
(2) The Congressional Budget Office. 
(3) The Government Accountability Office. 
SEC. 1072. ANALYSES AND REPORTS ON AIR SUPERIORITY 
OF THE JOINT FORCE. 
(a) ANALYSES AND REPORTS REQUIRED.—The Sec-
retary of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff shall— 
(1) each separately conduct an analysis to deter-
mine how air superiority will be secured for the Joint 
Force in the 2030s and the 2040s; and 
(2) not later than October 15, 2025, each submit 
to the congressional defense committees a separate re-
port containing the results of such analysis.
717 
(b) REPORT ELEMENTS.—Each report required under 
subsection (a)(2) shall include the following: 
(1) An analysis of the expected capabilities, limi-
tations, operational dependencies, technical maturity, 
relevant timelines, susceptibility to countermeasures 
of adversaries, and costs of the following: 
(A) FA–XX. 
(B) The Penetrating Counter Air platform 
(PCA). 
(C) The Collaborative Combat Aircraft 
(CCA). 
(D) Planned fighter modernization efforts. 
(E) Space-based capabilities. 
(F) Ground-based capabilities. 
(G) Any other capabilities the Secretary of 
Defense considers relevant to air superiority. 
(2) A summary of tactical- and campaign-level 
modeling and analysis that determines the individual 
effectiveness and impacts of each of the capabilities 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) of para-
graph (1) on the ability of the Joint Force to secure 
air superiority in the 2030s and the 2040s. 
(3) An evaluation of the effectiveness and risks of 
different potential force structures for achieving air 
superiority in the 2030s and the 2040s, including an
718 
assessment of the impacts of stand-in and stand-off 
force ratios on campaign success. 
(4) A description of the impact of the force struc-
tures evaluated under paragraph (3) on— 
(A) deterrence; and 
(B) annual sustainment and operations 
costs. 
(5) The number of fighter aircraft required by 
the Department of Defense to fulfill the national de-
fense strategy and the number of such aircraft ex-
pected to be required in the 2030s and the 2040s to 
meet the changing threat environment. 
(6) The programmed fighter force structure from 
2030 through 2045, including a breakdown of the 
quantity and average age of each type of fighter air-
craft in each military service. 
(7) The Secretary’s and Chairman’s estimate of 
fiscal and personnel resources required to meet air su-
periority requirements of the Joint Force. 
(c) REQUIREMENTS FOR MODELING AND ANALYSIS.— 
Modeling and analysis conducted pursuant to paragraphs 
(1) and (2) of subsection (b) shall be based on projections 
of—
719 
(1) the most-likely capabilities and force struc-
ture for friendly and adversary forces expected in the 
2030s and the 2040s; and 
(2) the most-challenging capabilities and force 
structure expected of such forces in such timeframe, 
which shall include consideration of fielding delays 
associated with friendly force capabilities beyond pro-
jected timelines, fielding of threat adversary capabili-
ties sooner than projected timelines, and a highly con-
tested electromagnetic spectrum. 
(d) NONDELEGATION.—The Secretary of Defense and 
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff may not delegate 
responsibility for the analyses and reports under subsection 
(a) to any of the Armed Forces. 
SEC. 1073. EXERCISE FOR COUNTERING UNMANNED AERIAL 
SYSTEMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 1, 2025, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Chair-
man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Commander of 
the United States Northern Command, shall execute a large- 
scale exercise in the special use airspace of the Department 
of Defense to test the ability of the Department to respond 
to a variety of threats to installations of the Department 
from unmanned aerial systems.
720 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The exercise required under sub-
section (a) shall include the following: 
(1) The participation of not fewer than three 
commanders of installations of the Department. 
(2) A mix of high-end non-emitting threats and 
low-end commercially available unmanned aerial sys-
tems. 
(3) Installations with a range of capabilities and 
equipment relating to countering unmanned aerial 
systems. 
(4) No-notice simulations. 
(5) Rules of engagement that reflect the strategy 
of the Department for executing existing authorities 
for countering unmanned aerial systems. 
(6) The participation of other relevant Federal 
agencies, as determined appropriate by the Secretary. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than March 1, 2026, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall provide to the congressional defense 
committees a briefing on the outcomes and lessons learned 
from the exercise required under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1074. REPORT ON OPERATIONAL PLANS OF THE DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) ASSESSMENTS
AND
REPORT
REQUIRED.—Not 
later than September 30, 2025, the Secretary of Defense 
shall—
721 
(1) complete an assessment of the operational 
plans of the Department of Defense, including the 
doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership 
and education, personnel, facilities, and policy re-
quired to execute such plans; 
(2) complete an assessment of the process of the 
Department for assessing and mitigating risk in the 
event of multiple concurrent contingencies or pro-
tracted conflicts; and 
(3) submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees a report that includes the results of such assess-
ments. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The assessments and report required 
by paragraph (1) shall— 
(1) incorporate the planning assumptions of si-
multaneous conflicts in three or more theaters; 
(2) incorporate the planning assumptions of pro-
tracted conflicts of six months, 12 months, and 24 
months; 
(3) outline any gaps or shortfalls in the require-
ments to execute the assessed operational plans; and 
(4) contain recommendations on preventative ac-
tions that the Department of Defense could take to 
prepare for the execution of operational plans and to 
mitigate risk in associated scenarios.
722 
SEC. 1075. QUARTERLY REPORTS ON FUNERALS AT ARLING-
TON NATIONAL CEMETERY ON HOLD UNTIL 
CAISSON SERVICES RESUME. 
(a) REPORTS REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 days 
after the last day of each fiscal quarter until the termi-
nation date specified in subsection (b), the Secretary of the 
Army shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report that includes— 
(1) the total the number of funerals— 
(A) for which caisson services at Arlington 
National Cemetery were requested after the date 
on which such services were suspended; and 
(B) that have been delayed until the re-
sumption of such services; and 
(2) in the case of each report after the first re-
port, the number of funerals for which such services 
were requested during the quarter covered by the re-
port. 
(b) TERMINATION DATE.—The termination date speci-
fied in this subsection is the earlier of the following dates: 
(1) The date on which caisson services resume at 
Arlington National Cemetery. 
(2) The date that is three years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act.
723 
SEC. 1076. PLAN FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SPECIAL OPER-
ATIONS RIVERINE CAPABILITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Con-
flict and the Commander of the United States Special Oper-
ations Command shall jointly submit to the congressional 
defense committees a plan for the sustainment and enhance-
ment of a special operations riverine capability within the 
United States Special Operations Command through fiscal 
year 2035. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required under subsection 
(a) shall include each of the following: 
(1) An articulation of the potential value of spe-
cial operations riverine capabilities to accomplishing 
the objectives of the national defense strategy, as re-
quired under section 113(g) of title 10, United States 
Code. 
(2) An identification of manpower requirements 
and sourcing. 
(3) A plan for the sustainment, recapitalization, 
and modernization of Special Operations Craft- 
Riverine maritime craft. 
(4) An assessment of the advisability and feasi-
bility of developing a future riverine maritime craft.
724 
(5) An identification of infrastructure and train-
ing range requirements and opportunities for im-
provements. 
(6) Any other matters the Assistant Secretary of 
Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity 
Conflict and the Commander of United States Special 
Operations Command determine relevant. 
SEC. 1077. ANNUAL REPORTS ON THE POSTSECONDARY 
EDUCATION COMPLAINT SYSTEM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter 
through 2029, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House 
of Representatives a report on the Postsecondary Education 
Complaint System (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Sys-
tem’’). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The annual reports required under 
subsection (a) shall include the following elements: 
(1) A qualitative description of the status of the 
System in the year covered by the report. 
(2) A qualitative description of the efforts made 
by the Department of Defense that year to increase 
awareness and usage of the System among those who 
are eligible to file complaints through the System.
725 
(3) The total number of complaints filed through 
the System that year and the status of those com-
plaints, such as closed or active. 
(4) The number of complaints that year broken 
down by— 
(A) the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine 
Corps, and Space Force, respectively; 
(B) issue; and 
(C) educational institution sector, including 
private for-profit, private non-profit, and public. 
(5) A ranking of the top five issues raised by stu-
dents that year. 
(6) The number of institutions with two or more 
complaints that year, the names of those institutions, 
the number of participants at each of those institu-
tions, and the number of complaints for each of those 
institutions. 
(7) The number of views and visitors of the Sys-
tem website that year. 
(8) A discussion of how the elements described in 
paragraphs (1) through (7) for that year compare to 
the those elements in previous years.
726 
SEC. 1078. STUDY AND REPORT ON DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE USE OF UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE 
SYSTEMS MANUFACTURED BY CERTAIN FOR-
EIGN ENTITIES. 
(a) STUDY ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE USE OF 
CERTAIN UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE SYSTEMS.— 
(1) STUDY.—The Secretary of Defense shall con-
duct a study on the use by the Department of Defense 
of covered unmanned ground vehicle systems manu-
factured by covered foreign entities. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port on the study required under paragraph (1). Such 
report shall include each of the following: 
(A) An assessment of the extent to which 
covered unmanned ground vehicle systems manu-
factured by covered foreign entities are used by 
the Department, including a list of all such cov-
ered unmanned ground vehicle systems. 
(B) An assessment of the national security 
threats associated with using covered unmanned 
ground vehicle systems in applications of the De-
partment, including with respect to— 
(i) cybersecurity;
727 
(ii) technological maturity of the sys-
tems; and 
(iii) technological vulnerabilities in the 
systems that may be exploited by foreign 
adversaries of the United States. 
(C) A description of any actions taken by 
the Department to identify covered foreign enti-
ties that— 
(i) develop or manufacture covered un-
manned ground vehicle systems; and 
(ii) have a military-civil nexus on the 
list maintained by the Department under 
section 1260H(b) of the William M. (Mac) 
Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 10 U.S.C. 113 note). 
(D) An assessment of the feasibility and ad-
visability of directing the Defense Innovation 
Unit, or another entity in the Department of De-
fense, to develop a list of United States manufac-
turers of covered unmanned ground vehicle sys-
tems. 
(E) A recommendation on whether a prohi-
bition on the procurement and operation of cov-
ered unmanned ground vehicle systems is in the
728 
best interest of the national security of the 
United States. 
(F) The findings and recommendations of 
the Secretary with respect to the matters covered 
by the study and report. 
(b) PROHIBITION ON PROCUREMENT AND OPERATION 
BY DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (3), and 
except as provided in paragraph (2), beginning on the 
date that is one year after the date of the submission 
of the report required under subsection (a)(2), the 
Secretary of Defense may not procure or operate any 
covered unmanned ground vehicle system that is man-
ufactured by a covered foreign entity. 
(2) EXCEPTION
FOR
NATIONAL
SECURITY.— 
Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to the 
procurement or operation of a covered unmanned 
ground vehicle system that is manufactured by a cov-
ered foreign entity if the Secretary of Defense or the 
Secretary of a military department determines that 
the procurement or operation of such system is in the 
national interest of the United States. 
(3) APPLICABILITY.—Paragraph (1) shall not 
apply unless the Secretary of Defense includes in the 
report required under paragraph (2) of subsection (a)
729 
a recommendation pursuant to subparagraph (E) of 
that paragraph that a prohibition on the procurement 
and operation of covered unmanned ground vehicle 
systems is in the best interest of the national security 
of the United States. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘covered foreign country’’ means 
any of the following: 
(A) The People’s Republic of China. 
(B) The Russian Federation. 
(C) The Islamic Republic of Iran. 
(D) The Democratic People’s Republic of 
Korea. 
(2) The term ‘‘covered foreign entity’’ means an 
entity that is domiciled in a covered foreign country 
or subject to influence or control by the government 
of a covered foreign country, as determined by the 
Secretary of Defense. 
(3) The term ‘‘covered unmanned ground vehicle 
system’’— 
(A) means a mechanical device that— 
(i) is capable of locomotion, naviga-
tion, or movement on the ground; and 
(ii) operates at a distance from one or 
more operators or supervisors based on com-
730 
mands or in response to sensor data, or 
through any combination thereof; and 
(B) includes— 
(i) remote surveillance vehicles, autono-
mous patrol technologies, mobile robotics, 
and humanoid robots; and 
(ii) the vehicle, its payload, and any 
external device used to control the vehicle. 
Subtitle G—Other Matters 
SEC. 1081. INTRODUCTION OF ENTITIES IN TRANSACTIONS 
CRITICAL TO NATIONAL SECURITY. 
Section 1047 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117– 
263; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by striking ‘‘may fa-
cilitate the introduction’’ and inserting ‘‘shall facilitate the 
introduction’’. 
SEC. 1082. INSTALLATION ENERGY PLANS AND ASSESS-
MENT FOR REDUCTION OF RELIANCE ON 
RUSSIAN ENERGY. 
Section 1086 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117– 
283; 10 U.S.C. 2911 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (2) 
and inserting the following new paragraph (2): 
‘‘(2) SUBMITTAL OF PLANS.—
732 
bility of the United States European Com-
mand.’’; 
(2) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘a main’’ and inserting 
‘‘an’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(h) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be ap-
propriated by the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2025 or otherwise made available for fiscal year 
2025 for the Office of the Secretary of Defense for travel, 
not more than 75 percent may be obligated or expended 
until the submission of the installation energy plans and 
assessment required under subsection (c)(2)(A). 
‘‘(i) DEFINITION OF OPERATING BASE.—In this sec-
tion, the term ‘operating base’ has the meaning of that term 
as used in the most recently submitted Global Defense Pos-
ture Report, as required to be submitted under section 
113(g)(4)(A)(iii) of title 10, United States Code.’’. 
SEC. 1083. EXTENSION OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON 
THE FUTURE OF THE NAVY. 
Section 1092(a)(4) of the James M. Inhofe National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public 
Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2809) is amended by striking ‘‘Not
733 
later than July 1, 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘Not later than Jan-
uary 15, 2026’’. 
SEC. 1084. MODIFICATION OF NATIONAL SECURITY COM-
MISSION ON EMERGING BIOTECHNOLOGY. 
Section 1091 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 
1929) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (3) 
and redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3); 
(2) in subsection (g)(1), by inserting ‘‘and 6 
months’’ after ‘‘3 years’’; and 
(3) in subsection (r), by striking ‘‘18 months 
after the date on which it submits the final report re-
quired by subsection (g)’’ and inserting ‘‘on December 
31, 2026’’. 
SEC. 1085. MODIFICATION OF DEFENSE SENSITIVE SUP-
PORT NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT. 
Section 1055 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 
113 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘para-
graph (3)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraphs (3) and 
(4)’’;
734 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(3) 
through (5) as paragraphs (4) through (6), re-
spectively; 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) ROUTINE DEFENSE SENSITIVE SUPPORT.— 
In the event that the provision of defense sensitive 
support is routine defense sensitive support, the Sec-
retary shall provide notification under paragraph (1) 
on a quarterly basis after providing the support.’’; 
and 
(D) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘paragraphs (1) and (3)’’ and inserting 
‘‘paragraphs (1), (3), and (4)’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘DEFENSE SENSITIVE SUPPORT DEFINED’’ and 
inserting ‘‘DEFINITIONS’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘, the term ‘defense sensitive 
support’ means support provided by the Depart-
ment of Defense to a non-Department of Defense 
Federal department or agency that requires spe-
cial protection from disclosure.’’ and inserting a 
colon; and
735 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraphs: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘defense sensitive support’ means 
support provided by the Department of Defense to a 
non-Department of Defense Federal department or 
agency that requires special protection from disclo-
sure. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘routine defense sensitive support’ 
has the meaning given such term elsewhere in the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2025.’’. 
SEC. 1086. PLAN FOR ADDITIONAL SKILL IDENTIFIERS FOR 
ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Army shall develop and implement a plan to establish. with 
regards to courses at the Army Mountain Warfare School, 
each of the following: 
(1) Additional skill identifiers for— 
(A) enlisted members who complete the— 
(i) Advanced Military Mountaineer 
Course (Summer); 
(ii) Advanced Military Mountaineer 
Course (Winter);
736 
(iii) 
Rough 
Terrain 
Evacuation 
Course; or 
(iv) Mountain Rifleman Course; 
(B) warrant officers who complete the Basic 
Military Mountaineer Course; and 
(C) enlisted members and warrant officers 
who complete the Mountain Planner Course. 
(2) New skill identifiers for commissioned offi-
cers who complete the Basic Military Mountaineer 
Course or the Mountain Planner Course. 
(b) BRIEFING ON PLAN.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date on which the Secretary completes the plan under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall provide to the Committees 
on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Rep-
resentatives a briefing on the plan and the implementation 
of the plan. 
SEC. 1087. ESTABLISHMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
WORKING GROUP ON MULTILATERAL ARTIFI-
CIAL INTELLIGENCE COORDINATION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall establish a working group, or designated a work-
ing group of a similar nature, to develop and coordinate 
artificial intelligence initiatives among the allies and part-
ners of the United States.
737 
(b) ORGANIZATION.— 
(1) DESIGNATION OF HEAD.—The Secretary shall 
designate a senior civilian officer of the Department 
of Defense or senior military officer with experience 
leading relevant efforts, as determined by the Sec-
retary, to serve as the head of the working group. 
(2) PARTICIPATION BY OTHER MEMBER COUN-
TRIES.—The Secretary shall establish a process to de-
termine which allies and partners of the United 
States shall be asked to participate as member coun-
tries in the working group. 
(c) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The responsibilities of the 
working group shall be to develop and coordinate efforts to 
implement an artificial intelligence initiative between the 
Department of Defense and allies and partners of the 
United States, including by— 
(1) comparing tools and practices for artificial 
intelligence systems for covered operational uses by 
member countries; 
(2) identifying (including by experimenting, 
testing, and evaluating) potential solutions to ad-
vance and accelerate the interoperability of artificial 
intelligence systems used for intelligence sharing, 
battlespace awareness, and other covered operational 
uses;
738 
(3) developing a shared strategy for the research, 
development, test, evaluation, and employment of ar-
tificial intelligence systems for covered operational 
uses carried out jointly by the member countries; 
(4) managing data for artificial intelligence sys-
tems, including multi-level security of training and 
operational data used by such systems; 
(5) testing and evaluating the capabilities of the 
defense industrial base of the member countries to in-
corporate artificial intelligence systems into systems 
used for covered operational uses; 
(6) expanding innovation efforts by the member 
countries and share among such countries best prac-
tices for the accelerated procurement and adoption of 
artificial intelligence technologies for covered oper-
ational uses; 
(7) carrying out such other activities as the Sec-
retary determines to be relevant to such responsibil-
ities. 
(d) CONTROL
OF
KNOWLEDGE
AND
TECHNICAL 
DATA.—The Secretary shall seek to ensure that any knowl-
edge or technical data produced by a member country under 
any cooperative project carried out by the working group 
shall be controlled by that country under the export control 
laws and regulations of that country and shall not be sub-
739 
ject to the jurisdiction or control of any other member coun-
try. 
(e) TERMINATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), the working group shall terminate on Sep-
tember 30, 2028. 
(2) AUTHORITY
TO
EXTEND.—The Secretary 
may extend the termination date under paragraph 
(1) if the Secretary determines such extension to be in 
the national security interests of the United States. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘battlespace awareness’’ has the 
meaning given that term in the Joint Publication 1– 
02 of the Department of Defense, titled ‘‘Department 
of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated 
Terms’’, or successor publication. 
(2) The term ‘‘covered operational use’’ means 
use by a government for operations in a defense con-
text. 
(3) The term ‘‘member country’’ means a mem-
ber country of the working group.
740 
SEC. 1088. RESUMPTION OF CAISSON SERVICES AT FU-
NERAL SERVICES AT ARLINGTON NATIONAL 
CEMETERY. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of the Army shall 
conduct at least 20 funeral services with caisson services 
each week at Arlington National Cemetery beginning on the 
date on which the Secretary of the Army determines that— 
(1) the renovations of the historic stables in 
buildings 233 and 236 at Joint Base Meyer-Hender-
son Hall are complete; and 
(2) the caisson herd is fully constituted, trained, 
and certified. 
(b) OPTION FOR LIMITED SERVICES.—The Secretary 
of the Army may elect to resume limited caisson services 
at Arlington National Cemetery before the requirements of 
subsection (a) have been met if the Secretary— 
(1) determines that the health of the caisson herd 
and the sustainability of caisson services can be 
maintained without disruption; and 
(2) consults with the Committees on Armed Serv-
ices of the Senate and House of Representatives before 
resuming such limited services. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, with respect to the 
caisson herd: 
(1) The term ‘‘fully constituted’’ means that such 
herd is comprised of at least—
741 
(A) four caisson squads of eleven horses in 
each; 
(B) 14 caparison horses; and 
(C) four outreach horses. 
(2) The term ‘‘trained’’ means that each caisson 
squad within such herd has completed the specialized 
training determined necessary by the Commander of 
the Military District of Washington to resume caisson 
support for funeral services. 
(3) The term ‘‘certified’’ means that the Com-
mander of the Military District of Washington, in 
consultation with equine and veterinary experts, has 
confirmed to the Secretary of the Army that each 
caisson squad within such herd has met the training, 
health, and fitness requirements determined appro-
priate by the Secretary. 
SEC. 1089. LIAISON WITH COUNTER UNMANNED AERIAL 
SYSTEMS TASK FORCE. 
(a) LIAISON REQUIRED.—The Director of the All-Do-
main Anomaly Resolution Office of the Department of De-
fense shall designate one or more employees of the Office 
to act as a liaison with the Counter Unmanned Aerial Sys-
tems Task Force established under section 925 to improve 
coordination of efforts and support enabling capabilities of 
mutual benefit.
742 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—An individual designated as 
a liaison under subsection (a) shall have the following re-
sponsibilities: 
(1) Conducting information sharing between the 
Office and the Task Force on identified or suspected 
Unmanned Aerial Systems events, including incident 
reporting, incident responses, and data on technical 
characterization of the known or suspected threats. 
(2) Coordinating the development of technical ca-
pabilities for sensing and response to threats. 
(3) Developing coordinated tactics, techniques, 
and procedures for incident response. 
SEC. 1090. RESPONDING TO UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYS-
TEMS INCURSIONS. 
(a) DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGY OF DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE FOR COUNTERING THREATS FROM UNMANNED 
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY.—The Secretary of De-
fense shall develop a strategy for countering unmanned air-
craft systems (hereinafter in this section referred to as 
‘‘UAS’’) technology and the threats such technology poses 
to facilities, personnel, and assets of the Department of De-
fense in the United States. 
(b) ASSESSMENT OF COUNTER UAS TECHNOLOGY.— 
(1) ASSESSMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, in 
consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary
743 
of Transportation, the Secretary of Homeland Secu-
rity, and the Director of National Intelligence, shall 
conduct an assessment of— 
(A) countering UAS technology; 
(B) the threats such technology poses to fa-
cilities, personnel, and assets of the Department 
of Defense in the United States; and 
(C) the existing counter UAS enterprise of 
the Department. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than June 1, 2025, the 
Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees a report on the assessment con-
ducted under paragraph (1). Such report shall in-
clude— 
(A) the findings of the assessment; 
(B) a compilation of any recommended 
changes to the countering UAS technology of the 
Department, including adjustments in the allo-
cation of resources, in law, policy, or any other 
authorities; 
(C) recommendations for requirements for 
the Department of Defense to pre-coordinate 
planned actions in response to anticipated types 
of UAS incursions with other relevant Federal 
departments and agencies; and
744 
(D) such other matters as the Secretary de-
termines appropriate. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary, the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation, the Committee on 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; 
and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary, the Committee on Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure, the Committee on Home-
land Security, and the Permanent Select Committee 
on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1091. PRIORITIZATION OF ACCREDITATION OF SEN-
SITIVE COMPARTMENTED INFORMATION FA-
CILITIES SUPPORTING DX-RATED PROGRAMS. 
(a) FRAMEWORK
FOR PRIORITIZED REVIEW RE-
QUIRED.—Not later than 270 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall develop 
a framework for prioritized review and accreditation and 
reaccreditations of sensitive compartmented information fa-
cilities and classified communications networks at facilities
745 
that are not located on a Department of Defense installation 
or facility. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that, in developing the framework under subsection (a), the 
Secretary should take into consideration the accreditation 
or reaccreditation of facilities and networks that would sup-
port programs that are rated ‘‘DX’’ pursuant to section 
700.11 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, or successor 
regulations. 
(c) SUBMITTAL TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 270 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
the framework developed under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1092. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL SECURITY CAP-
ITAL FORUM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall es-
tablish a forum to— 
(1) convene domestic and international institu-
tional financiers, capital providers, investors, entre-
preneurs, innovators, business persons, representatives 
from across the private sector, relevant United States 
Government offices, and government and private enti-
ties of partner nations; and 
(2) allow the exchange of information between 
the entities referred to in paragraph (1) and the De-
746 
partment of Defense relating to transactions or poten-
tial transactions, in accordance with applicable law, 
and to integrate efforts to achieve coordinated effects 
to support the national security interests of the 
United States. 
(b) CHAIR.—The Chair of the forum established under 
subsection (a) shall be the Director of the Office of Strategic 
Capital. 
(c) DESIGNATION OF EXECUTIVE AGENT.—The Sec-
retary may designate the Director as the sole Executive 
Agent with respect to the authorities and responsibilities 
of the Secretary of Defense under section 1047 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Pub-
lic Law 117–263; 10 U.S.C. 113 note). 
(d) GUIDANCE.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
issue guidance on the establishment and operation of the 
forum established under subsection (a), including regarding 
the vetting and selection of participants. Such guidance 
shall include each of the following: 
(1) A process for due diligence vetting of invest-
ment fund participants to exclude funds with signifi-
cant investments to or from countries of concern. 
(2) The development of selection criteria for the 
consideration of a diverse range of investment fund
747 
participants, including by fund size, company-size, 
socio-economic status, and participating investment 
sectors. 
(3) Reporting responsibilities for participants to 
avoid or mitigate potential or perceived conflicts of 
interest. 
(4) The development of a process for the recusal 
or removal of participants. 
SEC. 1093. IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPTROLLER GENERAL 
RECOMMENDATIONS RELATING TO THE FOOD 
PROGRAM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE. 
Not later than 18 months after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) implement the recommendations of the 
Comptroller General of the United States contained 
in the report published by the Comptroller General in 
June 2024 and titled ‘‘DOD Food Program: Addi-
tional Actions Needed to Implement, Oversee, and 
Evaluate Nutrition Efforts for Service Members’’ 
(GAO–24–106155); or 
(2) if the Secretary does not implement any such 
recommendation, submit to the Committees on Armed 
Services of the Senate and the House of Representa-
748 
tives a report explaining why the Secretary has not 
implemented those recommendations. 
SEC. 1094. PILOT PROGRAM TO PROVIDE MILITARY AIR-
CRAFT SUPPORT TO AIR SHOWS. 
(a) BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary 
of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Air Force, shall pro-
vide to Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and 
House of Representatives a briefing on the provision of 
military aircraft support to air shows. Such briefing shall 
include each of the following: 
(1) The total number of air shows for which 
military aircraft support was provided during the 
three-year period preceding the date of the briefing. 
(2) For each such air show, the cost of providing 
the support, including the cost of training for and 
supporting the air show and any cost agreements as-
sociated with the provision of such support that were 
entered into between the Department of Defense and 
any non-Department entity. 
(3) An identification of any military assets de-
ployed for the purpose of providing military aircraft 
support to an air show during the three-year period 
preceding the date of the briefing.
749 
(4) An analysis of the effect on military readi-
ness of dedicating military assets for use an at air 
show. 
(5) A description of the selection criteria and ap-
proval process used in determining the locations for 
air shows for which military aircraft support is pro-
vided, including an identification of any instance in 
which a request for the provision of support for an 
air show was denied. 
(6) An analysis of the costs and benefits to the 
Department of Defense of providing military aircraft 
support to air shows, including air shows specifically 
in rural or small market areas. 
(7) An identification of any measurable effect on 
recruiting as a result of providing military aircraft 
support to air shows. 
(8) A recommendation with respect to the advis-
ability and feasibility of establishing the pilot pro-
gram required under subsection (b). 
(b) PILOT PROGRAM.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, 
in coordination with the Secretary of the Army, the Sec-
retary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Air Force, shall 
establish a one-year pilot program under which the Sec-
retary shall provide military aircraft and aerial dem-
750 
onstration teams in support of not fewer than five air shows 
located in rural or small market areas across the country 
for the purpose of providing the public with positive expo-
sure to the Armed Forces. 
(c) REPORTS.—Not later than June 30, 2026, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed 
Forces of the Senate and House of Representatives a report 
on the pilot program required under subsection (b). Such 
report shall include each of the following: 
(1) The total number of air shows for which 
military aircraft support was provided during the 
pilot program. 
(2) For each such air show, the cost of providing 
the support, including the cost of training for and 
supporting the air show and any cost agreements as-
sociated with the provision of such support that were 
entered into between the Department of Defense and 
any non-Department entity. 
(3) The number of military assets deployed for 
the purpose of providing support to each such air 
show. 
(4) An analysis of the effect on military readi-
ness of dedicating military assets for use an at air 
show.
751 
(5) A description of the selection criteria and ap-
proval process used in determining the locations for 
air shows for which military aircraft support was 
provided under the pilot program, including any in-
stance in which a request for an air show was denied. 
(6) An analysis of the costs and benefits to the 
Department of Defense of providing military aircraft 
support to air shows, including air shows specifically 
in rural or small market areas. 
(7) An identification of any measurable effect on 
recruiting as a result of providing military aircraft 
support to air shows. 
(8) An analysis of the costs and benefits of pro-
viding military aircraft support to air shows com-
pared to other initiatives to encourage military re-
cruitment, including an analysis of the costs and ben-
efits of mandating that each of the Armed Forces pro-
vide military aircraft support to air shows each year. 
TITLE XI—CIVILIAN PERSONNEL 
Sec. 1101. Pilot program for the temporary exchange of information technology 
personnel. 
Sec. 1102. Extension of authority for noncompetitive appointments of military 
spouses by Federal agencies. 
Sec. 1103. Extension of living quarters allowance to civilian DOD employees in 
positions with critical shortages stationed in Guam. 
Sec. 1104. One-year extension of authority to waive annual limitation on pre-
mium pay and aggregate limitation on pay for federal civilian 
employees working overseas. 
Sec. 1105. One-year extension of temporary authority to grant allowances, bene-
fits, and gratuities to civilian personnel on official duty in a 
combat zone.
752 
Sec. 1106. Pilot program for overseas work-period for DOD competitive service 
positions. 
Sec. 1107. Employment and compensation of civilian faculty members at Inter- 
American Defense College. 
Sec. 1108. Treatment of veterans who did not register for the selective service. 
Sec. 1109. Increase in military leave accrual and accumulation for Federal em-
ployees. 
Sec. 1110. Sufficient firefighter personnel covered installations. 
Sec. 1111. Extension of direct hire authority for domestic industrial base facili-
ties and Major Range and Test Facilities Base. 
Sec. 1112. Modifications to the John S. McCain Strategic Defense Fellows Pro-
gram. 
Sec. 1113. Modification of pilot program on dynamic shaping of the workforce to 
improve the technical skills and expertise at certain Department 
of Defense laboratories. 
Sec. 1114. Continuity of coverage under certain provisions of title 5, United 
States Code. 
Sec. 1115. Limitation on establishment of new diversity, equity, and inclusion 
positions; hiring freeze. 
SEC. 1101. PILOT PROGRAM FOR THE TEMPORARY EX-
CHANGE 
OF 
INFORMATION 
TECHNOLOGY 
PERSONNEL. 
Section 1110(a)(1)(A) of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2010 (Public Law 111–84; 5 
U.S.C. 3702 note) is amended by inserting ‘‘or performs 
financial management and budgeting tasks for a private 
sector organization that primarily develops software or pro-
vides software services’’ before the semicolon at the end. 
SEC. 1102. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY FOR NONCOMPETI-
TIVE APPOINTMENTS OF MILITARY SPOUSES 
BY FEDERAL AGENCIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 573(e) of the John S. 
McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2019 (Public Law 115–232; 5 U.S.C. 3330d note) is re-
pealed.
753 
(b) EXTENSION AND REPORT.—Section 1119 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 
(Public Law 118–31) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2028’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2033’’; and 
(2) by adding after subsection (d) the following: 
‘‘(e) REPORTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later December 31, 2025, 
and each year thereafter until the sunset date in sub-
section (d), the Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Director of the Office of Personnel Manage-
ment, shall— 
‘‘(A) submit a report, to the Committees on 
Armed Services of the House Representatives and 
the Senate, the Committee on Homeland Secu-
rity and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, 
and the Committee on Oversight and Account-
ability of the House of Representatives, on the 
use of the hiring authority under section 3330d 
of title 5, United States Code; and 
‘‘(B) publish such report on the public 
website of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—Each report under paragraph 
(1) shall include information on—
754 
‘‘(A) how often such authority is used by 
agencies; 
‘‘(B) what positions are filled using such 
authority, and the grade and locations of such 
positions; 
‘‘(C) the number of military spouse appli-
cants seeking positions under such authority who 
were not selected and the grade and locations of 
such positions; 
‘‘(D) the number of military spouse appli-
cants selected for a position they were subse-
quently determined to not be qualified for; and 
‘‘(E) how often Department of Defense com-
ponents exercised exceptions to spouse preference 
procedures and the grade and locations of such 
positions. 
‘‘(3) FINAL REPORT.—The final report required 
under paragraph (1) shall, in addition to the contents 
required under paragraph (2), include— 
‘‘(A) an assessment of the effectiveness of 
such authority in placing military spouses into 
jobs for which they were highly qualified, includ-
ing an analysis of their success, as determined 
by their tenure, promotion, and performance re-
755 
views, along with any other matters the Sec-
retary considers appropriate; and 
‘‘(B) whether such authority should be made 
permanent.’’. 
(c) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1119(a) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 
(Public Law 118–31) is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘(2)’’ and all that fol-
lows through ‘‘the following:’’ and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(2) in subsection (a)— 
‘‘(A) by redesignating paragraph (5), as 
added by section 1112(a)(1)(C) of this Act, as 
paragraph (6); and 
‘‘(B) by inserting after paragraph (4), as 
redesignated by section 1112(a)(1)(A) of this Act, 
the following:’’; and 
(ii) in the quoted material, by striking 
‘‘(4) The term’’ and inserting ‘‘(5) The 
term’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by inserting ‘‘, as amended by
756 
section 1112(a)(2) of this Act’’ after ‘‘in 
subsection (b)’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘paragraph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph 
(2)’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘paragraph (2)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph 
(3)’’; and 
(iv) in subparagraph C), in the quoted 
material, by striking ‘‘(3) a spouse’’ and in-
serting ‘‘(4) a spouse’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made 
by paragraph (1) shall take effect as if included in 
the enactment of section 1119 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 
118–31). 
SEC. 1103. EXTENSION OF LIVING QUARTERS ALLOWANCE 
TO CIVILIAN DOD EMPLOYEES IN POSITIONS 
WITH CRITICAL SHORTAGES STATIONED IN 
GUAM. 
Section 1102 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘DE-
PARTMENT OF THE NAVY CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES
757 
ASSIGNED TO PERMANENT DUTY IN GUAM FOR 
PERFORMING
WORK, OR
SUPPORTING
WORK 
BEING PERFORMED, ABOARD OR DOCKSIDE, OF 
U.S. NAVAL VESSELS’’ and inserting ‘‘CIVILIAN 
EMPLOYEES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
STATIONED IN GUAM’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Secretary of 
the Navy’’ and inserting ‘‘Secretary of Defense’’; and 
(3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(b) COVERED EMPLOYEE DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘covered employee’ means any civilian employee 
of the Department of Defense whose permanent duty station 
is located in Guam and who has been deemed by the Sec-
retary of Defense to be employed in a position with critical 
shortages. 
‘‘(c) SUNSET.—The authority under this section shall 
terminate on January 1, 2034.’’. 
SEC. 1104. ONE-YEAR EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO WAIVE 
ANNUAL LIMITATION ON PREMIUM PAY AND 
AGGREGATE LIMITATION ON PAY FOR FED-
ERAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES WORKING OVER-
SEAS. 
Subsection (a) of section 1101 of the Duncan Hunter 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009
758 
(Public Law 110–417; 122 Stat. 4615), as most recently 
amended by section 1102 of the James M. Inhofe National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public 
Law 117–263), is further amended by striking ‘‘through 
2024’’ and inserting ‘‘through 2025’’. 
SEC. 1105. ONE-YEAR EXTENSION OF TEMPORARY AUTHOR-
ITY TO GRANT ALLOWANCES, BENEFITS, AND 
GRATUITIES TO CIVILIAN PERSONNEL ON OF-
FICIAL DUTY IN A COMBAT ZONE. 
Paragraph (2) of section 1603(a) of the Emergency 
Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global 
War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, 2006 (Public Law 
109–234; 120 Stat. 443), as added by section 1102 of the 
Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2009 (Public Law 110–417; 122 Stat. 4616) 
and as most recently amended by section 1109 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Pub-
lic Law 118–31), is further amended by striking ‘‘2025’’ 
and inserting ‘‘2026’’. 
SEC. 1106. PILOT PROGRAM FOR OVERSEAS WORK-PERIOD 
FOR DOD COMPETITIVE SERVICE POSITIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The 5-year limitation on competi-
tive service employment in a foreign area in Department 
of Defense Instruction 1400.25, titled ‘‘DoD Civilian Per-
sonnel Management System: Employment in Foreign Areas
759 
and Employee Return Rights’’ and issued on July 26, 2012 
(or a successor instruction), may be extended by the first 
0-6 in the employees chain of command for one additional 
5 year term. 
(b) EXTENSION.—An extension request under sub-
section (a) shall not require a business case, or similar, 
analysis to justify the additional foreign area extension. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than December 31, 2025, and 
yearly after that for the next 5 years, the Secretary of De-
fense shall submit a report to the congressional defense com-
mittees on the following: 
(1) The impact of this section on recruiting and 
retaining civilian competitive service employees at the 
Department of Defense. 
(2) The total number of— 
(A) Department employees that were able to 
remain in positions as a result of this section; 
and 
(B) Department positions that were not 
open for initial appointments as a result of this 
section. 
(3) The grade and classification of Department 
positions affected by this section. 
(4) Any other information the Secretary deems 
appropriate.
760 
(d) FOREIGN AREA DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘foreign area’’ means any location that is not within 
a nonforeign area (as that term is defined in section 
591.205 of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, or any suc-
cessor regulation). 
(e) SUNSET.—The authority under this section shall 
expire on the date that is 2 years after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act. 
SEC. 1107. EMPLOYMENT AND COMPENSATION OF CIVILIAN 
FACULTY MEMBERS AT INTER-AMERICAN DE-
FENSE COLLEGE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (c) of section 1595 of 
title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(9) The United States Element of the Inter- 
American Defense College.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Such section is fur-
ther amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘institutions’’ 
and inserting ‘‘organizations’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘Institutions’’ and inserting ‘‘Organizations’’; 
and
761 
(B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘institutions’’ and inserting ‘‘organi-
zations’’. 
SEC. 1108. TREATMENT OF VETERANS WHO DID NOT REG-
ISTER FOR THE SELECTIVE SERVICE. 
Section 3328 of title 5, United States Code, is amended 
by— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘(50 U.S.C. 
App. 453)’’ and inserting ‘‘(50 U.S.C. 3802)’’; 
(2) redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); 
(3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following 
new subsection: 
‘‘(b) Subsection (a) shall not apply to an individual— 
‘‘(1) who is a veteran; 
‘‘(2) who provides evidence of active duty service 
to the Executive agency in which the individual seeks 
an appointment; and 
‘‘(3) for whom the requirement to register under 
section 3 of the Military Selective Service Act (50 
U.S.C. 3802) has terminated or is now inapplicable 
due to age.’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section:
762 
‘‘(d) In this section, the terms ‘active duty’ and ‘vet-
eran’ have the meaning given those terms in section 101 
of title 38.’’. 
SEC. 1109. INCREASE IN MILITARY LEAVE ACCRUAL AND AC-
CUMULATION FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES. 
Section 6323(a)(1) of title 5, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘15 days’’ each place it appears and 
inserting ‘‘20 days’’. 
SEC. 1110. SUFFICIENT FIREFIGHTER PERSONNEL COV-
ERED INSTALLATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall en-
sure that— 
(1) a sufficient number of firefighter personnel 
are on duty at each covered installation to maintain 
manning and service necessary to safeguard life and 
property at such covered installation; and 
(2) a risk assessment may not be used to limit 
the number of firefighter personnel at a covered in-
stallation. 
(b) COVERED INSTALLATION DEFINED.—In this sec-
tion, the term ‘‘covered installation’’ means a military in-
stallation under the jurisdiction of the Chief of Space Oper-
ations of the United States Space Force with a space launch 
facility.
763 
SEC. 1111. EXTENSION OF DIRECT HIRE AUTHORITY FOR 
DOMESTIC 
INDUSTRIAL 
BASE 
FACILITIES 
AND MAJOR RANGE AND TEST FACILITIES 
BASE. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Section 1125(a) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (10 U.S.C. 
1580 note prec.; Public Law 114–328) is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘through 2028’’ and inserting ‘‘through 2030’’. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Section 1102(b) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 
115–91), as amended by section 1107(b) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 
116–92; 133 Stat. 1597), is further amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
striking ‘‘through 2025’’ and inserting ‘‘through 
2030’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘(as amended 
by subsection (a))’’. 
SEC. 1112. MODIFICATIONS TO THE JOHN S. MCCAIN STRA-
TEGIC DEFENSE FELLOWS PROGRAM. 
(a) NONCOMPETITIVE APPOINTMENT AND CONVERSION 
AUTHORITY.—Section 932(f) of the John S. McCain Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 
U.S.C. 1580 note prec.; Public Law 115–232) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as para-
graph (4); and
764 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-
lowing new paragraphs: 
‘‘(2) NONCOMPETITIVE
APPOINTMENT
OR
CON-
VERSION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Upon a participant’s 
successful completion of the fellows program, the 
Secretary may, without regard to the provisions 
of subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, United 
States Code, noncompetitively appoint or convert 
the participant into a vacant competitive or ex-
cepted service position in the Department, if the 
Secretary determines that such appointment or 
conversion will contribute to the development of 
highly qualified future senior leaders for the De-
partment. 
‘‘(B) GRADE.—The Secretary may appoint 
or convert a participant under subparagraph 
(A) into a position at or below the level of GS– 
13 of the General Schedule or an equivalent posi-
tion for which the participant is qualified with-
out regard to any minimum time-in-grade re-
quirements. 
‘‘(C) CONSENT.—Before converting an indi-
vidual to the competitive service under this para-
graph, the Secretary shall notify and receive
765 
written consent from the individual of the indi-
vidual’s change in status. 
‘‘(3) APPOINTMENT OF FORMER PARTICIPANTS.— 
The Secretary may use the authority provided by 
paragraph (2) for a participant— 
‘‘(A) not later than one year after the date 
of the participant’s successful completion of the 
fellows program; or 
‘‘(B) in the case of a participant who en-
tered the fellows program before the date of the 
enactment of this subparagraph, not later than 
one year after such date of enactment.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 932(e)(2) of 
such Act is amended by inserting before the period at the 
end of the last sentence the following: ‘‘and subsection 
(f)(2)’’. 
SEC. 1113. MODIFICATION OF PILOT PROGRAM ON DYNAMIC 
SHAPING OF THE WORKFORCE TO IMPROVE 
THE TECHNICAL SKILLS AND EXPERTISE AT 
CERTAIN DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE LABORA-
TORIES. 
Section 1109 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (10 U.S.C. 4091 note prec.; Public 
Law 114–92) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)—
766 
(A) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘or 8414’’ before ‘‘of 
title 5’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘or 3522’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘or 8414(b)(1)(B)’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (4), in the matter pre-
ceding subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘section 
8414(b)(1)(B) of title 5, United States Code, 
without regard to clause (iv) or (v) of such sec-
tion or section 3522 of such title’’ and inserting 
‘‘section 3522 of title 5, United States Code’’; 
and 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘section 
4121(b)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsections (a) and (b) of 
section 4121’’. 
SEC. 1114. CONTINUITY OF COVERAGE UNDER CERTAIN 
PROVISIONS OF TITLE 5, UNITED STATES 
CODE. 
(a) MILITARY LEAVE FOR FEDERAL CIVILIAN EM-
PLOYEES.—Section 6323 of title 5, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘as a Re-
serve of the armed forces or member of the National 
Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘as a Reserve of the armed 
forces, a member of the National Guard, or a member
767 
of the Space Force in space force active status (as de-
fined in section 101(e)(1) of title 10) and not on sus-
tained duty under section 20105 of title 10’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting before the 
semicolon at the end the following: ‘‘or is a member 
of the Space Force in space force active status (as de-
fined in section 101(e)(1) of title 10) and not on sus-
tained duty under section 20105 of title 10’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) SECTION HEADING.—The heading of such sec-
tion is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 6323. Military leave: Reserves, National Guard 
members, and certain members of the 
Space Force’’. 
(2) TABLE OF SECTIONS.—The item relating to 
such section in the table of sections at the beginning 
of chapter 63 of such title is amended to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘6323. Military leave: Reserves, National Guard members, and certain members 
of the Space Force.’’. 
SEC. 1115. LIMITATION ON ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW DIVER-
SITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION POSITIONS; 
HIRING FREEZE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—During the period described in sub-
section (b), the Secretary of Defense may not—
768 
(1) establish any new positions within the De-
partment of Defense with responsibility for matters 
relating to diversity, equity, and inclusion; or 
(2) fill any vacancies in positions in the Depart-
ment with responsibility for such matters. 
(b) PERIOD DESCRIBED.—The period described in this 
subsection is the period— 
(1) beginning on the date of the enactment of 
this Act; and 
(2) ending on the earlier of— 
(A) the date the Comptroller General sub-
mits to Congress the study required by section 
529B(b)(2) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118– 
31); or 
(B) the date that is 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section 
may be construed to prevent the Secretary from reducing 
the number of positions relating to diversity, equity, and 
inclusion or from eliminating specific positions relating to 
diversity, equity, and inclusion.
769 
TITLE XII—MATTERS RELATING 
TO FOREIGN NATIONS 
Subtitle A—Assistance and Training 
Sec. 1201. Modification of authority to build capacity of foreign security forces 
and modification of support for execution of bilateral agreements 
concerning illicit transnational maritime activity in Africa. 
Sec. 1202. Modification of authority for Naval Small Craft Instruction and Tech-
nical Training School. 
Sec. 1203. Assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of programs and activities. 
Sec. 1204. Quarterly briefings on counterterrorism operations, irregular warfare, 
and sensitive activities. 
Sec. 1205. Extension of modification to authority to provide support for conduct 
of operations. 
Sec. 1206. Extension of authorities. 
Sec. 1207. Extension and modification of defense operational resilience inter-
national cooperation pilot program. 
Sec. 1208. Acceptance and expenditure of contributions for multilateral security 
cooperation programs and activities. 
Sec. 1209. Temporary authority to provide training to military forces or national 
security forces of Costa Rica and Panama. 
Sec. 1210. Improvements to defense acquisition workforce for foreign military 
sales. 
Subtitle B—Matters Relating to Israel 
Sec. 1211. Statement of policy ensuring Israel’s defense. 
Sec. 1212. Modification of United States-Israel anti-tunnel cooperation. 
Sec. 1213. Requirement to conduct subterranean warfare military exercises. 
Sec. 1214. Strategic partnership on defense industrial priorities between the 
United States and Israel. 
Sec. 1215. Establishment of program between the United States and Israel for 
military trauma education and training. 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to the Near and Middle East 
Sec. 1221. Key partners for Middle East Regional Integration Military Subject 
Matter Expert Exchange Program. 
Sec. 1222. Extension and modification of annual report on military power of 
Iran. 
Sec. 1223. Modification of report on the military capabilities of Iran and related 
activities. 
Sec. 1224. Prohibition on providing funding to Iranian entities. 
Sec. 1225. Notification relating to arms trafficking by Iran. 
Sec. 1226. Assessment and plan with respect to equipment provided to Kurdish 
Peshmerga forces. 
Sec. 1227. Extension of authority for reimbursement of certain coalition nations 
for support provided to United States military operations. 
Sec. 1228. Extension and modification of security briefings on Afghanistan. 
Sec. 1229. Notifications regarding terrorist groups in Afghanistan. 
Sec. 1230. Extension of authority to support operations and activities of the office 
of security cooperation in Iraq.
770 
Sec. 1231. Extension and modification of authority to provide assistance to 
counter the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. 
Sec. 1232. Extension of authority to provide assistance to vetted Syrian groups 
and individuals. 
Sec. 1233. Statement of policy on recognition of the Assad regime. 
Subtitle A—Assistance and 
Training 
SEC. 1201. MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO BUILD CAPAC-
ITY OF FOREIGN SECURITY FORCES AND 
MODIFICATION OF SUPPORT FOR EXECUTION 
OF BILATERAL AGREEMENTS CONCERNING 
ILLICIT TRANSNATIONAL MARITIME ACTIVITY 
IN AFRICA. 
(a) MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO BUILD CAPACITY 
OF FOREIGN SECURITY FORCES.—Paragraph (2) of section 
333(g) of title 10, United States Code, is amended to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(2) AVAILABILITY
OF
FUNDS
FOR
PROGRAMS 
ACROSS FISCAL YEARS.—Amounts made available in 
fiscal year 2025 or any subsequent fiscal year to 
carry out the authority in subsection (a) may be used 
for programs under that authority that begin in such 
fiscal year and end not later than the end of the third 
fiscal year thereafter.’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION OF SUPPORT FOR EXECUTION OF 
BILATERAL
AGREEMENTS
CONCERNING
ILLICIT 
TRANSNATIONAL MARITIME ACTIVITY IN AFRICA.—Section
772 
‘‘(A) The costs of providing food services to per-
sonnel, visitors, and international students at the 
School. 
‘‘(B) The costs of operating, maintaining, and 
sustaining a dining facility or contracted food serv-
ices at the School.’’. 
(b) UPDATES REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall update the Security Assistance Management 
Manual (DSCA 5105.38–M) and volume 15 of the Depart-
ment of Defense Financial Management Regulation (DoD 
7000.14–R) in accordance with the amendment made by 
this section. 
SEC. 1203. ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND EVALUATION 
OF PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES. 
Section 383(d)(1)(B) of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting ‘‘, including a description of chal-
lenges in executing the program,’’ after ‘‘lessons learned’’. 
SEC. 
1204. 
QUARTERLY 
BRIEFINGS 
ON 
COUNTERTER-
RORISM OPERATIONS, IRREGULAR WARFARE, 
AND SENSITIVE ACTIVITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 485 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘Month-
ly counterterrorism operations briefings’’
773 
and 
inserting 
‘‘Quarterly 
briefings 
on 
counterterrorism 
operations, 
irregular 
warfare, and sensitive activities’’; and 
(2) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(a) BRIEFINGS REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall provide to the congressional defense committees quar-
terly briefings on counterterrorism operations and related 
activities (including the use of military force under the no-
tion of collective self-defense of foreign partners), irregular 
warfare activities, and other sensitive activities conducted 
by the Department of Defense.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections for 
chapter 23 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
striking the item relating to section 485 and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘485. Quarterly briefings on counterterrorism operations, irregular warfare, and 
sensitive activities.’’. 
SEC. 1205. EXTENSION OF MODIFICATION TO AUTHORITY 
TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR CONDUCT OF OP-
ERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1205 of the James M. 
Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2023 (Public Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2830) is amended 
by striking ‘‘such section 331’’ and all that follows and in-
serting the following: ‘‘such section 331—
774 
‘‘(1) in each of fiscal years 2023 and 2024 may 
not exceed $950,000,000; and 
‘‘(2) in each of fiscal years 2025 and 2026 may 
not exceed $750,000,000.’’. 
(b) MODIFICATION
TO ANNUAL REPORT.—Section 
386(b) of title 10, United States Code, is amended as fol-
lows: 
(1) In paragraph (2)— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
through (H) as subparagraphs (B) through (I), 
respectively; and 
(B) by inserting before subparagraph (B), 
as so redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(A) With respect to section 331 of this 
title, the value of all logistic support, supplies, 
and services for which notice is required by such 
section.’’. 
(2) In paragraph (3)— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) 
through (J) as subparagraphs (C) through (K), 
respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (A) the 
following:
775 
‘‘(B) The number of new programs carried 
out during the period of the report that required 
notice under section 331 of this title.’’. 
SEC. 1206. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES. 
(a) SECURITY COOPERATION PROGRAMS WITH FOR-
EIGN PARTNERS.—Section 1208 of the James M. Inhofe Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Pub-
lic Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2831; 10 U.S.C. 301 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘2025’’ and inserting 
‘‘2027’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘2025’’ and in-
serting ‘‘2027’’. 
(b) IMPLEMENTATION OF ACT.—Section 1210E(a) of 
the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 10 
U.S.C. 113 note) is amended, in the matter preceding para-
graph (1), by striking ‘‘2025’’ and inserting ‘‘2027’’. 
SEC. 1207. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF DEFENSE 
OPERATIONAL RESILIENCE INTERNATIONAL 
COOPERATION PILOT PROGRAM. 
Section 1212 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (10 U.S.C. 311 note) is amended—
776 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2025’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2027’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘2025’’ and inserting 
‘‘2027’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘$10,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$15,000,000’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘, which shall be allocated 
in accordance with the priorities of the com-
manders of the geographic combatant com-
mands’’; 
(3) by redesignating subsections (e) through (g) 
as subsections (f) through (h), respectively; 
(4) by inserting after subsection (d) the following 
new subsection: 
‘‘(e) PRIORITIZATION.—In providing security coopera-
tion for the purposes described in section (c)(1), the Sec-
retary shall prioritize efforts based on— 
‘‘(1) the priorities of the commanders of the geo-
graphic combatant commands; 
‘‘(2) the operational relevance of the effort; 
‘‘(3) the need of the foreign partner; and 
‘‘(4) programs in less developed countries.’’; and 
(5) in subsection (g), as so redesignated, by strik-
ing ‘‘2025’’ and inserting ‘‘2027’’.
777 
SEC. 1208. ACCEPTANCE AND EXPENDITURE OF CONTRIBU-
TIONS FOR MULTILATERAL SECURITY CO-
OPERATION PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES. 
(a) AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT AND EXPEND CONTRIBU-
TIONS.—The Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence of 
the Secretary of State, may accept, manage, and expend 
contributions, including funds and defense articles and de-
fense services, from foreign governments for mutually agreed 
upon purposes to carry out security cooperation programs 
and activities of the Department of Defense authorized by— 
(1) chapter 16 of title 10, United States Code; 
(2) the Taiwan Security Cooperation Initiative 
authorized by section 1323; or 
(3) section 1250 of the National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114– 
92; 129 Stat. 1068). 
(b) ACCOUNT REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) FUNDS.—Contributions of funds accepted 
under subsection (a) shall be placed in an account es-
tablished for such purpose and shall remain available 
for the following 2 fiscal years for the mutually 
agreed upon purposes specified in subsection (a). 
(2) DEFENSE ARTICLES.—Contributions of de-
fense articles accepted under subsection (a) shall be 
placed in United States inventory.
778 
(3) SEPARATE COUNTRY ACCOUNTS.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall establish a separate sub-ac-
count for each country under the account established 
under paragraph (1). 
(4) COMPLIANCE.—Such expenditures and provi-
sion of defense articles and services shall comply with 
the prohibitions and limitations, notice, reporting, 
and other requirements specified in such authorities 
or applicable statute. 
(c) PREVIOUSLY DENIED FUNDS.—Funds accepted or 
otherwise made available under subsection (a) may not be 
expended, in whole or in part, for any purpose for which 
Congress has previously denied funds. 
(d) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 48 
hours after receiving a contribution under subsection (a), 
the Secretary of Defense shall provide to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a written notification that, at a 
minimum, includes an identification of the following: 
(1) The foreign government making the contribu-
tion. 
(2) The mutually agreed upon purpose for which 
the contribution is being made. 
(3) The process and anticipated timeline for the 
use of such contribution under the authorities speci-
fied in subsection (a).
779 
(4) Any other condition or limitation placed on 
the contribution by the foreign government making 
the contribution. 
(e) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1, 2026, 
and March 1 of each year thereafter through 2030, the Sec-
retary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress a report on any funds accepted or expended under 
this section during the preceding calendar year, including 
the following: 
(1) An identification of the foreign government 
or governments involved from which contributions 
were received. 
(2) For each foreign government— 
(A) the amount of funds, equipment, or type 
of services provided by the foreign government; 
and 
(B) the amount of any remaining unobli-
gated balance or accepted equipment remaining 
in United States inventory. 
(3) A description of the purpose of such contribu-
tions were provided. 
(4) A description of any written agreement en-
tered into with a country under this section, includ-
ing the date on which the agreement was signed. 
(f) SUBMISSION OF INSTRUMENTS.—
780 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
the signature, conclusion, or other finalization of any 
non-binding instrument related to the implementation 
of this section, the President shall submit to the ap-
propriate committees of Congress the text of such 
agreement or instrument. 
(2) NON-DUPLICATION
OF
EFFORTS; RULE
OF 
CONSTRUCTION.—To the extent the text of a non-bind-
ing instrument is submitted to the appropriate com-
mittees of Congress pursuant to paragraph (1), such 
text shall not be required to be submitted to Congress 
pursuant to section 112b(a)(1)(A)(ii) of title 1, 
United States Code. Paragraph (1) may not be con-
strued to relieve the executive branch of any other re-
quirement of section 112b of title 1, United States 
Code, or any other provision of law. 
(3) DEFINITIONS.— 
(A) The term ‘‘text’’, with respect to a non- 
binding instrument, includes— 
(i) any annex, appendix, codicil, side 
agreement, side letter, or any document of 
similar purpose or function to the afore-
mentioned, regardless of the title of the doc-
ument, that is entered into contempora-
781 
neously and in conjunction with the non- 
binding instrument; and 
(ii) any implementing agreement or 
arrangement, or any document of similar 
purpose or function to the aforementioned, 
regardless of the title of the document, that 
is entered into contemporaneously and in 
conjunction with the non-binding instru-
ment. 
(B) The term ‘‘contemporaneously and in 
conjunction with’’— 
(i) shall be construed liberally; and 
(ii) may not be interpreted to require 
any action to have occurred simultaneously 
or on the same day. 
(g) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees 
of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Appropriations, and the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Appropriations, and the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
782 
(h) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section 
may be construed as circumventing the applicable require-
ments of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et 
seq.). 
(i) TERMINATION.—The authority provided by this 
section shall terminate on December 31, 2029. 
SEC. 1209. TEMPORARY AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE TRAINING 
TO MILITARY FORCES OR NATIONAL SECU-
RITY FORCES OF COSTA RICA AND PANAMA. 
In conducting training with friendly foreign countries 
under section 321 of title 10, United States Code, notwith-
standing subsection (a)(2) of that section, beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act and ending on December 
31, 2030, the general purpose forces of the United States 
Armed Forces may train with the military forces or na-
tional security forces of the following countries: 
(1) Costa Rica. 
(2) Panama. 
SEC. 1210. IMPROVEMENTS TO DEFENSE ACQUISITION 
WORKFORCE FOR FOREIGN MILITARY SALES. 
(a) STUDY AND REPORT.— 
(1) STUDY.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall seek to enter into a contract with a non-
783 
profit organization or federally funded research and 
development center to study— 
(A) the feasibility and advisability of estab-
lishing a contracting capacity that is specific to 
the execution of contracts for foreign military 
sales; and 
(B) the feasibility and advisability of estab-
lishing a dedicated contracting capacity to di-
rectly support foreign military sales contracting 
activities. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than December 1, 2025, 
the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that contains— 
(A) the results of the study required by 
paragraph (1); and 
(B) any comments of the Secretary with re-
spect to the study. 
(b) FOREIGN MILITARY SALES CONTINUOUS PROCESS 
IMPROVEMENT BOARD.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish a Foreign Military Sales Continuous 
Process Improvement Board (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘Board’’) to serve as an enduring govern-
ance structure within the Department of Defense that 
reports to the Secretary on matters relating to the for-
784 
eign military sales process so as to enhance account-
ability and continuous improvement within the De-
partment, including the objectives of— 
(A) improving the understanding, among 
officials of the Department, of ally and partner 
requirements; 
(B) enabling efficient reviews for release of 
technology; 
(C) providing ally and partner countries 
with relevant priority equipment; 
(D) 
accelerating 
acquisition 
and 
con-
tracting support; 
(E) expanding the capacity of the defense 
industrial base; 
(F) working with other departments and 
agencies to promote broad United States Govern-
ment support; and 
(G) any other matters determined by the 
Secretary to be relevant to the Board. 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall be composed 
of not fewer than seven members, each of whom shall 
have expertise in security cooperation, security assist-
ance, defense acquisition, business process reform, or 
any disciplines the Secretary determines to be impor-
tant to the functioning of the Board.
785 
(3) SUNSET.—This subsection shall terminate on 
December 31, 2030. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘defense acquisition workforce’’ 
means the Department of Defense acquisition work-
force described in chapter 87 of title 10, United States 
Code. 
(2) The term ‘‘nonprofit organization’’ means an 
organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the In-
ternal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax 
under section 501(a) of such Code 
(3) The term ‘‘security cooperation workforce’’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 384 of title 
10, United States Code. 
Subtitle B—Matters Relating to 
Israel 
SEC. 1211. STATEMENT OF POLICY ENSURING ISRAEL’S DE-
FENSE. 
It is the policy of the United States to work with Israel 
to ensure adequate stocks of interceptors and weapons sys-
tem components to defend Israel against air and missile 
threats from Iran and Iranian military proxies, such as 
Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis, and the Palestinian Is-
lamic Jihad, if the transfer of such interceptors and weap-
786 
ons system components are in the national security interests 
of the United States. 
SEC. 1212. MODIFICATION OF UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ANTI- 
TUNNEL COOPERATION. 
Subsection (a)(1) of section 1279 of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (22 U.S.C. 
8606 note) is amended, in the first sentence, by striking 
‘‘detect, map, and neutralize underground tunnels’’ and in-
serting ‘‘detect, map, maneuver in, and neutralize under-
ground tunnels’’. 
SEC. 1213. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT SUBTERRANEAN 
WARFARE MILITARY EXERCISES. 
(a) EXERCISES REQUIRED.—Beginning on January 1 
of the year that begins after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall require the United 
States Central Command or other relevant commands, 
units, or organizations of the United States military serv-
ices, as the Secretary determines appropriate, to conduct 
military exercises that— 
(1) occur not fewer than once in a calendar year; 
(2) shall include invitations for the armed forces 
of Israel, provided that the Government of Israel con-
sents to the participation of its forces in such exer-
cises;
787 
(3) may include invitations for the armed forces 
of other allies and partners of the United States to 
take part in the exercises; 
(4) seek to enhance the interoperability and effec-
tiveness of the United States military services, the 
armed forces of Israel, and the armed forces of other 
allies and partners of the United States in coalition 
operations; and 
(5) shall include, if available resources permit, 
the following activities— 
(A) practicing or simulating locating sub-
terranean tunnel entrances and exits; 
(B) practicing infiltrating and mapping 
subterranean tunnels; 
(C) practicing maneuvering within sub-
terranean tunnels of varying sizes; and 
(D) practicing neutralizing or demolishing 
subterranean tunnels. 
(b) SUNSET.—The requirements in subsection (a) shall 
terminate on December 31 of the year described in sub-
section (a).
788 
SEC. 1214. STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP ON DEFENSE INDUS-
TRIAL PRIORITIES BETWEEN THE UNITED 
STATES AND ISRAEL. 
The Secretary of Defense shall seek to establish a part-
nership between the Defense Innovation Unit of the Depart-
ment of Defense and appropriate counterparts of Israel in 
order to— 
(1) enhance market opportunities for United 
States-based and Israeli-based defense technology com-
panies; 
(2) increase interoperability through dual-use 
and emerging technologies; 
(3) counter Iran and Iran-aligned adversarial 
proxy group development of dual-use defense tech-
nologies; and 
(4) in coordination with appropriate counter-
part offices of the Israeli ministry of defense— 
(A) enable coordination on defense indus-
trial priorities; 
(B) streamline emerging defense technology 
research and development; 
(C) create more pathways to market for de-
fense technology startups; 
(D) collaborate on the development of dual- 
use defense capabilities through coordination; 
and
789 
(E) leverage other private capital, equity or 
venture funding opportunities to augment gov-
ernment funds for technology deployment or scal-
ing. 
SEC. 1215. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM BETWEEN THE 
UNITED STATES AND ISRAEL FOR MILITARY 
TRAUMA EDUCATION AND TRAINING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of State, may establish a joint 
education and training program with appropriate per-
sonnel of the Medical Corps of the Israel Defense Forces. 
(b) EDUCATION AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES.—The joint 
program authorized by subsection (a) may include the fol-
lowing activities between personnel of the United States 
military health system and the Medical Corps of the Israel 
Defense Forces: 
(1) Dialogue on best practices for general trauma 
care, with a focus on amputation and amputee care, 
including the following elements of amputee care: 
(A) Use of prosthetics. 
(B) Wound care. 
(C) Rehabilitative therapy. 
(D) Family counseling. 
(E) Mental health therapy.
790 
(2) Training and support on trauma care, in-
cluding amputation and amputee care. 
(3) Conducting relevant joint conferences and ex-
changes of military medical professionals. 
(4) Opportunities for personnel to attend classes 
offered on best practices for trauma and amputee re-
habilitation. 
(5) Any other relevant amputee care educational 
activity that the Secretary of Defense and appro-
priate officials from the Israel Defense Forces deter-
mine appropriate. 
(c) USE OF AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out the joint 
program authorized under subsection (a), the Secretary of 
Defense may use the authorities under chapter 16 of title 
10, United States Code, and other applicable statutory au-
thorities available to the Secretary. 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to the 
Near and Middle East 
SEC. 1221. KEY PARTNERS FOR MIDDLE EAST REGIONAL IN-
TEGRATION MILITARY SUBJECT MATTER EX-
PERT EXCHANGE PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, using ex-
isting authorities, including section 311 of title 10, United 
States Code, as applicable, and in consultation with the 
Secretary of State and the head of any other Federal agency
791 
the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate, shall de-
sign and implement a foreign military officer subject mat-
ter expert exchange program to be known as the ‘‘Middle 
East Regional Integration Military Subject Matter Expert 
Exchange Program’’ (referred to in this section as the ‘‘ex-
change program’’). 
(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the exchange program 
shall be to facilitate interaction, cultural exchange, and mu-
tual learning of members of participating militaries in sup-
port of Middle East regional integration in order to deepen 
and expand such integration. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) COMPOSITION.—The exchange program shall 
be composed of members of the armed forces of par-
ticipating militaries in support of Middle East re-
gional integration and members of the Armed Forces 
of the United States. 
(2) SUBJECT MATTER.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall select exchange program participants with 
a wide range of experiences collectively covering 
the tactical, operational, and strategic levels. 
(B) PARTICIPANT PAY GRADE LEVELS.—The 
Secretary of Defense shall include in the ex-
change program participants at each of the fol-
792 
lowing military pay grades, or equivalent for-
eign military pay grades: 
(i) E–7 through E–9. 
(ii) CW–3 through CW–5. 
(iii) O–3 through O–9. 
(iv) Such other pay grade levels at the 
discretion of the Secretary of Defense. 
(C) EXPERTISE.—Each participant in the 
exchange program shall have expertise in one or 
more of the following subject matter areas: 
(i) Strategic doctrine. 
(ii) Defense planning. 
(iii) Civilian and military relations. 
(iv) Military law. 
(v) Public affairs. 
(vi) Civil affairs. 
(vii) Military budgeting and acquisi-
tions. 
(viii) Integrated air and missile de-
fense. 
(ix) 
Integrated 
maritime 
domain 
awareness and interdiction. 
(x) Cyber resilience and defense. 
(xi) Counterterrorism. 
(xii) Defense information sharing.
793 
(xiii) Any other subject matter area 
that the Secretary of Defense determines to 
be appropriate. 
(d) EXCHANGE PROGRAM CONTENT.—The exchange 
program— 
(1) shall include learning modalities and meth-
ods, as determined by the Exchange Program Coordi-
nator; 
(2) may include separate agendas and experi-
ences for participants in order to— 
(A) facilitate interaction on particular top-
ics; 
(B) cater to participant backgrounds or 
rank levels; or 
(C) achieve other pedagogical ends as deter-
mined by the Exchange Program Coordinator; 
and 
(3) may include discussion, comparison, and in-
formation regarding the development of— 
(A) defense doctrine; 
(B) exercise development; 
(C) budget planning; 
(D) military law and law of armed conflict; 
(E) military cooperation with civilian 
agencies;
794 
(F) standard operating procedures; 
(G) operational plans and the operational 
art; 
(H) gaps and opportunities for improve-
ment in existing procedures and plans; 
(I) existing technical challenges; 
(J) emerging technical challenges; 
(K) the current and future threat environ-
ment; 
(L) trust and capacity for multilateral 
sharing of information; 
(M) additional mechanisms and ideas for 
integrated cooperation; 
(N) ways to promote the meaningful par-
ticipation of women in matters of peace and se-
curity; and 
(O) other content, as appropriate, developed 
to advance integration and tactical, operational, 
and strategic proficiency. 
(e) MEETINGS.—Participants in the exchange program 
shall meet in person not less frequently than quarterly. 
(f) EXCHANGE PROGRAM COORDINATOR.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
designate an Exchange Program Coordinator, who
795 
shall be assigned to a Department of Defense School, 
to oversee the exchange program. 
(2) DUTIES.—The Exchange Program Coordi-
nator shall— 
(A) design the exchange program; 
(B) ensure that the exchange program com-
plies with the requirements of this section; 
(C) provide to the Secretary of Defense re-
ports on developments, insights, and progress of 
the exchange program; and 
(D) notify the Secretary of Defense of any 
failure of the exchange program to comply with 
the in-person requirements of subsection (e). 
(3) NOTIFICATION
TO
CONGRESS.—Not later 
than 15 days after receiving a notification under 
paragraph (2)(D), the Secretary of Defense shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate 
and the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives a report describing— 
(A) the reasons an in-person meeting did 
not occur during such quarter; and 
(B) any measures taken to ensure that an 
in-person meeting occurs during the following 
quarter. 
(g) REPORT.—
796 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter for 5 years, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a re-
port that includes— 
(A) a summary of the activities of the ex-
change program during the prior year, includ-
ing— 
(i) the countries participating; 
(ii) the subject matter covered; 
(iii) 
developments, 
insights, 
and 
progress achieved through the program; and 
(iv) any new topics added to the ex-
change as well as a justification for adding 
the new topic; 
(B) an assessment of the effectiveness of the 
exchange program; and 
(C) recommendations on further improve-
ments to the exchange program. 
(2) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 
include a classified annex.
797 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) DEPARTMENT
OF
DEFENSE
SCHOOL.—The 
term ‘‘Department of Defense school’’ means any in-
stitution listed in section 1595(c) or section 2162(d) 
of title 10, United States Code. 
(2) PARTICIPATING MILITARIES IN SUPPORT OF 
MIDDLE
EAST
REGIONAL
INTEGRATION.—The term 
‘‘participating militaries in support of Middle East 
regional integration’’ means military allies and part-
ner forces of the United States working to advance re-
gional integration in the Middle East. 
SEC. 1222. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL RE-
PORT ON MILITARY POWER OF IRAN. 
(a) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—Subsection (b) of 
section 1245 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2010 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; 
(C) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), 
(C), and (D), as subparagraphs (C), (D), and 
(E), respectively; and
798 
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
following subparagraph: 
‘‘(B) any adjustments to the use of proxy 
forces by Iran;’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘an 
analysis of’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting after 
‘‘military doctrine’’ the following: ‘‘, including 
Iranian anti-access or area denial and other 
maritime harassment capabilities’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘Ira-
nian Revolutionary Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘Is-
lamic Revolutionary Guard’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (J), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; 
(C) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) 
through (J) as subparagraphs (F) through (K), 
respectively; and 
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the 
following subparagraph: 
‘‘(E) the role of Iran in supporting, facili-
tating, directing, or conducting attacks on 
United States forces in the region;’’;
799 
(4) in paragraph (4)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘and 
storage sites;’’ and inserting ‘‘, storage, and pro-
duction sites;’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ‘‘an 
intermediate-range ballistic missile or’’ after 
‘‘develop and field’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (F), by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ at the end and inserting ‘‘and the expor-
tation of Iranian drones to the Middle East and 
Europe; and’’; 
(5) in paragraph (12), by striking ‘‘(9)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘(12)’’; 
(6) by redesignating paragraphs (9) through (12) 
as paragraphs (10) through (13), respectively; 
(7) by inserting after paragraph (8) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(9) An assessment of the use of civilians by 
groups supported by Iran to shield military objectives 
from attack, including groups such as— 
‘‘(A) Hezbollah, Hamas, and the Houthis; 
and 
‘‘(B) the Special Groups in Iraq.’’; and 
(8) by adding at the end the following:
800 
‘‘(14) An assessment of the manner and extent to 
which the advances or improvements in the capabili-
ties of Iran’s conventional and unconventional forces 
described in this section have affected Israel’s quali-
tative military edge during the preceding year.’’. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—Subsection (c) of such section is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2)(B)(i), by striking ‘‘Ira-
nian’’ and inserting ‘‘Islamic’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)(B)(ii)(bb), by inserting ‘‘or 
its regional interests’’ before the period at the end; 
and 
(3) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘capable of 
flights less than 500 kilometers.’’. 
(c) TERMINATION.—Subsection (d) of such section is 
amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2025’’ and inserting 
‘‘December 31, 2026’’. 
SEC. 1223. MODIFICATION OF REPORT ON THE MILITARY 
CAPABILITIES OF IRAN AND RELATED ACTIVI-
TIES. 
Section 1227 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)—
801 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘all branches of’’ 
before 
‘‘the 
Islamic 
Revolutionary 
Guard Corps’’; and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘including’’ be-
fore ‘‘the Quds Force’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘, and technologies as described in the Mis-
sile Technology Control Regime’’ before ‘‘, 
including’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by adding at 
the end before the period the following: ‘‘, 
and on the proliferation, procurement, and 
production networks of Iran’s drone pro-
gram’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (F), by adding at 
the end before the period the following: ‘‘, 
and the effect of its expiration on these Ira-
nian proliferation activities’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (H)— 
(I) in clause (ii), by inserting ‘‘, 
and any of their precursors,’’ after 
‘‘narcotics’’;
802 
(II) in clause (iv), by inserting 
‘‘and the Ministry of Intelligence and 
Security (MOIS)’’ after ‘‘IRGC’’; and 
(III) in clause (v), by adding at 
the end before the period the following: 
‘‘and MOIS’’; and 
(iv) in subparagraph (I)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘and MOIS 
agents’’ after ‘‘operatives’’; and 
(II) by adding at the end before 
the period the following: ‘‘, including 
disinformation operations, recruitment 
of local assets, and targeting United 
States nationals and foreign dis-
sidents’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘and annually thereafter 
for a period not to exceed 2 years’’ after ‘‘2024’’; 
and 
(B) by striking ‘‘in June 2022’’ inserting 
‘‘on the day after the previous report was sub-
mitted’’.
803 
SEC. 1224. PROHIBITION ON PROVIDING FUNDING TO IRA-
NIAN ENTITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds authorized to be 
appropriated to the Department of Defense or otherwise 
made available by this Act may be made available, directly 
or indirectly, to— 
(1) the Government of Iran; 
(2) any person owned or controlled by the Gov-
ernment of Iran; 
(3) any person that is on the List of Specially 
Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons main-
tained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the 
Department of the Treasury and the property and in-
terests in property of which are blocked pursuant to 
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act; 
or 
(4) any person owned or controlled by a person 
described in paragraph (3). 
(b) EXCEPTION FOR INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES.—The 
prohibition under subsection (a) shall not apply with re-
spect to activities subject to the reporting requirements 
under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence activities 
of the United States.
804 
SEC. 1225. NOTIFICATION RELATING TO ARMS TRAF-
FICKING BY IRAN. 
(a) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 
any identified transfer of weapons, ammunition, or 
component parts by the Islamic Republic of Iran to 
a terrorist proxy group or state actor outside the ter-
ritory of Iran, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
the congressional defense committees with the notifica-
tion described in paragraph (2). 
(2) NOTIFICATION DESCRIBED.—The notification 
described in this paragraph is a notification that in-
cludes the following: 
(A) An identification of— 
(i) the type and quantity of weapons, 
ammunition, or component parts trans-
ferred by the Islamic Republic of Iran to a 
terrorist proxy group or state actor outside 
the territory of Iran; 
(ii) the intended destination and re-
cipient of such transfer; and 
(iii) the mode of transportation of such 
transfer. 
(B) The status of such transfer at the time 
of the notification.
805 
(C) A description of actions taken or 
planned to be taken by the United States Armed 
Forces or the military forces of partner countries 
to expose, deter, disrupt, or interdict such trans-
fer, and the authorities under which such actions 
may be taken. 
(b) WEAPONS, AMMUNITION, OR COMPONENT PARTS 
DEFINED.—The term ‘‘weapons, ammunition, or compo-
nent parts’’ means— 
(1) conventional arms, such as firearms, artil-
lery, and armored vehicles; 
(2) missiles, rockets, unmanned aerial systems, 
and other explosive ordnance; 
(3) military aircraft; 
(4) naval vessels and equipment related to such 
vessels; 
(5) chemical, biological, radiological, and nu-
clear weapons and the delivery systems of such weap-
ons; and 
(6) the component parts of any item described in 
any of paragraphs (1) through (5). 
(c) TERMINATION.—This section shall cease to have ef-
fect on the date that is three years after the date of the en-
actment of this Act.
806 
SEC. 1226. ASSESSMENT AND PLAN WITH RESPECT TO 
EQUIPMENT 
PROVIDED 
TO 
KURDISH 
PESHMERGA FORCES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 120 days there-
after, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees— 
(1) a report that assesses whether equipment pro-
vided under section 1236 of the Carl Levin and How-
ard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 
128 Stat. 3558) 
and 
designated 
for 
Kurdish 
Peshmerga forces is being provided in a timely man-
ner; and 
(2) a plan for resolving any delay of such equip-
ment intended for Kurdish Peshmerga forces. 
(b) NOTIFICATION RELATING TO PLAN OF ACTION.— 
Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, and every 120 days thereafter until the plan of 
action required by section 1266 of the National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31; 
10 U.S.C. 113 note) is developed and implemented, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall notify the congressional defense com-
mittees of the reasons for the delay in developing and imple-
menting the plan.
807 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in the section 
may be construed as overturning or otherwise impeding 
United States policies toward Iraq. 
(d) TERMINATION.—Subsection (a) shall cease to have 
effect beginning on the date that is 2 years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 1227. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY FOR REIMBURSE-
MENT OF CERTAIN COALITION NATIONS FOR 
SUPPORT 
PROVIDED 
TO 
UNITED 
STATES 
MILITARY OPERATIONS. 
(a) EXTENSION.—Subsection (a) of section 1233 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 
(Public Law 110–181; 122 Stat. 393) is amended in the 
matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘beginning on 
October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2024, for 
overseas contingency operations’’ and inserting ‘‘beginning 
on October 1, 2024, and ending on December 31, 2025’’. 
(b) 
MODIFICATION
TO
LIMITATIONS.—Subsection 
(d)(1) of such section is amended by striking ‘‘beginning 
on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2024, may 
not exceed $15,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘beginning on Octo-
ber 1, 2024, and ending on December 31, 2025, may not 
exceed $75,000,000’’.
808 
SEC. 1228. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF SECURITY 
BRIEFINGS ON AFGHANISTAN. 
Section 1092 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 
1934) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Not later than 
January 15, 2022, and every 90 days thereafter 
through December 31, 2025,’’ and inserting ‘‘Not later 
than January 15, 2025, and every 120 days thereafter 
through December 31, 2026,’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraph (11) as 
paragraph (12); and 
(B) by inserting after paragraph (10) the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(11) The extent to which the Department of De-
fense is tracking and monitoring the equipment the 
Taliban recovered from the Afghan National Security 
Forces, an assessment of how such equipment being 
used by the Taliban, and the operational readiness of 
such equipment.’’. 
SEC. 
1229. 
NOTIFICATIONS 
REGARDING 
TERRORIST 
GROUPS IN AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the 
Secretary of Defense identifies any new training facility in 
Afghanistan that is operated or staffed by al-Qaeda, ISIS
809 
Khorasan, or any other United States-designated terrorist 
organization, or at which members of any such terrorist or-
ganization receive training, the Secretary shall provide the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House 
of Representatives with a notification that includes the fol-
lowing: 
(1) A description of the location of the training 
facility. 
(2) An identification of the one or more terrorist 
groups operating, staffing, or being trained at the fa-
cility. 
(3) An assessment of the purpose of the facility. 
(4) An assessment as to whether the Taliban has 
provided any support to the facility, or whether the 
Taliban is taking action to close the facility con-
sistent with its obligations under the February 29, 
2020, United States-Taliban agreement. 
(5) An assessment as to whether there is a risk 
that the facility is being used to plan or train for a 
terrorist attack outside Afghanistan. 
(b) FORM.—Each notification required by subsection 
(a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include 
a classified annex.
810 
(c) SUNSET.—The notification requirement under sub-
section (a) shall terminate on the date that is two years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 1230. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO SUPPORT OPER-
ATIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE OFFICE OF 
SECURITY COOPERATION IN IRAQ. 
(a) LIMITATION ON AMOUNT.—Subsection (c) of sec-
tion 1215 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fis-
cal Year 2012 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by striking 
‘‘fiscal year 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2025’’. 
(b) SOURCE OF FUNDS.—Subsection (d) of such section 
is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2024’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2025’’. 
SEC. 1231. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO COUNTER THE 
ISLAMIC STATE OF IRAQ AND SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (a) of section 1236 of 
the Carl Levin and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public 
Law 113–291; 128 Stat. 3559) is amended in the matter 
preceding paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ 
and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2025’’. 
(b) FUNDING.—Subsection (g) of such section is 
amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2024, there are authorized 
to be appropriated $241,950,000’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year
811 
2025, 
there 
are 
authorized 
to 
be 
appropriated 
$380,758,349.’’. 
(c) WAIVER AUTHORITY.—Subsection (o)(6) of such 
section is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2025’’. 
SEC. 1232. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE ASSIST-
ANCE TO VETTED SYRIAN GROUPS AND INDI-
VIDUALS. 
Section 1209 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ 
McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 Stat. 3559) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ and 
inserting ‘‘December 31, 2025’’; and 
(2) in subsection (l)(3)(E), by striking ‘‘Decem-
ber 31, 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2025’’. 
SEC. 1233. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON RECOGNITION OF 
THE ASSAD REGIME. 
It is the policy of the United States not to recognize 
or normalize relations with any government of Syria that 
is led by Bashar al-Assad due to the Assad regime’s ongoing 
crimes against the Syrian people.
812 
TITLE XIII—OTHER MATTERS RE-
LATING 
TO 
FOREIGN 
NA-
TIONS 
Subtitle A—Matters Relating to Europe and Russia 
Sec. 1301. Modifications to North Atlantic Treaty Organization Special Oper-
ations Headquarters. 
Sec. 1302. Extension and modification of training for Eastern European na-
tional security forces in the course of multilateral exercises. 
Sec. 1303. Extension of prohibition on availability of funds relating to sov-
ereignty of the Russian Federation over internationally recog-
nized territory of Ukraine. 
Sec. 1304. Prohibition on New START Treaty information sharing. 
Subtitle B—Matters Relating to the Indo-Pacific Region 
Sec. 1311. Sense of Congress on defense alliances and partnerships in the Indo- 
Pacific region. 
Sec. 1312. Modification of Indo-Pacific Maritime Security Initiative. 
Sec. 1313. Extension and modification of Pacific Deterrence Initiative. 
Sec. 1314. Indo-Pacific extended deterrence education pilot program. 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to Taiwan 
Sec. 1321. Modification of reporting requirement for transfer of defense articles 
and defense services to Taiwan. 
Sec. 1322. Establishment of program between the United States and Taiwan for 
military trauma care. 
Sec. 1323. Taiwan security cooperation initiative. 
Sec. 1324. Sense of Congress regarding invitation to Taiwan to Rim of the Pa-
cific exercise. 
Subtitle D—Coordinating AUKUS Engagement With Japan 
Sec. 1331. Definitions. 
Sec. 1332. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 1333. Engagement with Japan on AUKUS Pillar Two Cooperation. 
Sec. 1334. Assessment of Potential for Cooperation with Japan on AUKUS Pillar 
Two. 
Subtitle E—Matters Relating to East Asia 
Sec. 1341. Extension and modification of authority to transfer funds for Bien 
Hoa dioxin cleanup. 
Sec. 1342. Modification of cooperative program with Vietnam to account for Viet-
namese personnel missing in action. 
Sec. 1343. Plan for establishment of a joint force headquarters in Japan. 
Sec. 1344. Plan for Department of Defense activities to strengthen United States 
extended deterrence commitments to the Republic of Korea. 
Sec. 1345. Plan and annual report relating to trilateral defense cooperation with 
Japan and the Republic of Korea.
813 
Sec. 1346. Modification of public reporting of Chinese military companies oper-
ating in the United States. 
Sec. 1347. Strategy to address malign activities by the People’s Liberation Army. 
Subtitle A—Matters Relating to 
Europe and Russia 
SEC. 1301. MODIFICATIONS TO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 
ORGANIZATION SPECIAL OPERATIONS HEAD-
QUARTERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 2350r of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘Special 
Operations Headquarters’’ and inserting ‘‘Al-
lied 
Special 
Operations 
Forces 
Com-
mand’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘$50,000,000’’ 
and inserting ‘‘$55,000,000’’; and 
(3) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Special Operations 
Headquarters’’ and inserting ‘‘Allied Special Oper-
ations Forces Command’’. 
(b) REFERENCES.—Any reference to the North Atlan-
tic Treaty Organization Special Operations Headquarters 
or NATO Special Operations Headquarters in any law, reg-
ulation, map, document, record, or other paper of the 
United States shall be deemed to be a reference to the North 
Atlantic Treaty Organization Allied Special Operations 
Forces Command.
814 
SEC. 1302. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF TRAINING 
FOR EASTERN EUROPEAN NATIONAL SECU-
RITY FORCES IN THE COURSE OF MULTILAT-
ERAL EXERCISES. 
Section 1251 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (10 U.S.C. 333 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)(1), by adding at the end the 
following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) The Republic of Cyprus.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘December 31, 
2026’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘December 
31, 2027’’. 
SEC. 1303. EXTENSION OF PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY 
OF FUNDS RELATING TO SOVEREIGNTY OF 
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OVER INTER-
NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED TERRITORY OF 
UKRAINE. 
Section 1245(a) of the James M. Inhofe National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 
117–236; 136 Stat. 2847) is amended by striking ‘‘or 2024’’ 
and inserting ‘‘, 2024, or 2025’’. 
SEC. 1304. PROHIBITION ON NEW START TREATY INFORMA-
TION SHARING. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to be 
appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available for 
fiscal year 2025 for the Department of Defense may be used
815 
to provide the Russian Federation with notifications, bian-
nual data exchange, inspection activities, or telemetric ac-
tivities as required by the New START Treaty. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense, with concur-
rence from the Secretary of State, may waive the prohibi-
tion in subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis if the Sec-
retary of Defense certifies to the appropriate congressional 
committees in writing, that— 
(1) it is in the national security interest of the 
United States to unilaterally provide notifications, 
biannual data exchange, inspection activities, or tele-
metric information to the Russian Federation; or 
(2) the Russian Federation is providing similar 
information to the United States as required by the 
New START Treaty. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) the term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate; and
816 
(2) the term ‘‘New START Treaty’’ means the 
Treaty between the United States of America and the 
Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Re-
duction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, 
signed at Prague April 8, 2010, and entered into force 
February 5, 2011. 
Subtitle B—Matters Relating to the 
Indo-Pacific Region 
SEC. 1311. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON DEFENSE ALLIANCES 
AND PARTNERSHIPS IN THE INDO-PACIFIC 
REGION. 
It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Defense 
should continue efforts that strengthen United States defense 
alliances and partnerships in the Indo-Pacific region so as 
to further the comparative advantage of the United States 
in strategic competition with the People’s Republic of 
China, including by— 
(1) enhancing cooperation with Japan, con-
sistent with the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and 
Security Between the United States of America and 
Japan, signed at Washington, January 19, 1960, in-
cluding by developing advanced military capabilities, 
upgrading command and control relationships, fos-
tering interoperability across all domains, and im-
proving sharing of information and intelligence;
817 
(2) reinforcing the United States alliance with 
the Republic of Korea, including by maintaining the 
presence of approximately 28,500 members of the 
United States Armed Forces deployed to the Republic 
of Korea, enhancing mutual defense base cooperation, 
and affirming the United States extended deterrence 
commitment using the full range of United States de-
fense capabilities, consistent with the Mutual Defense 
Treaty Between the United States and the Republic 
of Korea, signed at Washington, October 1, 1953, in 
support of the shared objective of a peaceful and stable 
Korean Peninsula; 
(3) fostering bilateral and multilateral coopera-
tion with Australia, consistent with the Security 
Treaty Between Australia, New Zealand, and the 
United States of America, signed at San Francisco, 
September, 1951, and through the partnership among 
Australia, the United Kingdom, and United States 
(commonly known as ‘‘AUKUS’’)— 
(A) to advance shared security objectives; 
(B) to accelerate the fielding of advanced 
military capabilities; and 
(C) to build the capacity of emerging part-
ners;
818 
(4) advancing United States alliances with the 
Philippines and Thailand and United States partner-
ships with other partners in the Association of South-
east Asian Nations to enhance maritime domain 
awareness, promote sovereignty and territorial integ-
rity, leverage technology and promote innovation, and 
support an open, inclusive, and rules-based regional 
architecture; 
(5) broadening United States engagement with 
India, including through the Quadrilateral Security 
Dialogue— 
(A) to advance the shared objective of a free 
and open Indo-Pacific region through bilateral 
and multilateral engagements and participation 
in military exercises, expanded defense trade, 
and collaboration on humanitarian aid and dis-
aster response; and 
(B) to enable greater cooperation on mari-
time security; 
(6) strengthening the United States partnership 
with Taiwan, consistent with the Three Commu-
niques, the Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96–8; 
22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), and the Six Assurances, with 
the goal of improving Taiwan’s defensive capabilities 
and promoting peaceful cross-strait relations;
819 
(7) reinforcing the status of the Republic of 
Singapore as a Major Security Cooperation Partner 
of the United States and continuing to strengthen de-
fense and security cooperation between the military 
forces of the Republic of Singapore and the United 
States Armed Forces, including through participation 
in combined exercises and training; 
(8) engaging with the Federated States of Micro-
nesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Re-
public of Palau, and other Pacific island countries, 
with the goal of strengthening regional security and 
addressing issues of mutual concern, including pro-
tecting fisheries from illegal, unreported, and unregu-
lated fishing; 
(9) collaborating with Canada, the United King-
dom, France, and other members of the European 
Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to 
build connectivity and advance a shared vision for 
the region that is principled, long-term, and anchored 
in democratic resilience; and 
(10) investing in enhanced military posture and 
capabilities in the area of responsibility of the United 
States Indo-Pacific Command and strengthening co-
operation in bilateral relationships, multilateral part-
nerships, and other international fora to uphold glob-
820 
al security and shared principles, with the goal of en-
suring the maintenance of a free and open Indo-Pa-
cific region. 
SEC. 1312. MODIFICATION OF INDO-PACIFIC MARITIME SE-
CURITY INITIATIVE. 
Section 1263 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (10 U.S.C. 333 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking subpara-
graphs (A) and (B) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) to provide assistance to— 
‘‘(i) the national military or other se-
curity forces of any such country that has 
among its functional responsibilities a mar-
itime security mission; and 
‘‘(ii) any other national-level govern-
mental organization of such a country that 
has among its functional responsibilities a 
maritime domain awareness mission, for 
purposes of helping to achieve the maritime 
domain awareness objectives of such country 
if such assistance directly contributes to the 
integration of a maritime domain aware-
ness activity with the national military or 
other security forces described in clause (i); 
and
821 
‘‘(B) to provide training to— 
‘‘(i) ministry, agency, and head-
quarters-level organizations for such forces; 
or 
‘‘(ii) other national-level governmental 
organizations 
described 
in 
paragraph 
(A)(ii).’’; and 
(2) in subsection (h)(1)(A), by inserting ‘‘or na-
tional-level governmental organization’’ after ‘‘unit or 
units’’. 
SEC. 1313. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF PACIFIC DE-
TERRENCE INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (c) of section 1251 of 
the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2024’’ and inserting ‘‘the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2025’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2024’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2025’’. 
(b) REPORT.—Subsection (d)(1)(A) of such section is 
amended by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2025 and 2026’’ and in-
serting ‘‘fiscal years 2026 and 2027’’.
822 
(c) PLAN REQUIRED.—Subsection (e) of such section 
is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2025 and 2026’’ and 
inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2026 and 2027’’. 
SEC. 1314. INDO-PACIFIC EXTENDED DETERRENCE EDU-
CATION PILOT PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, using 
the authorities provided in chapter 16 of title 10, United 
States Code, and other applicable statutory authorities 
available to the Secretary, may establish a pilot program, 
including an international defense personnel exchange pro-
gram, to support the education of covered personnel in— 
(1) matters relating to nuclear deterrence, nu-
clear strategy, and nuclear defense strategy; and 
(2) any other matter the Secretary considers im-
portant to strengthening extended nuclear deterrence 
of— 
(A) threats to United States allies posed by 
major-power competitors; and 
(B) any other persistent nuclear threat 
identified in the 2022 National Defense Strategy 
published pursuant to section 113(g) of title 10, 
United States Code. 
(b) INSTITUTIONAL
PARTNERSHIP.—The Secretary 
may enter into an agreement with an existing university- 
affiliated research center or an institution of higher edu-
823 
cation with recognized subject matter expertise in nuclear 
deterrence and related matters, and demonstrated relevant 
experience, for the purpose of developing a curriculum to 
reinforce extended deterrence through education of covered 
personnel in deterrence, nuclear strategy, conventional-nu-
clear integration, command and control, and related mat-
ters. 
(c) TERMINATION DATE.—The authority of the Sec-
retary to carry out the pilot program under this section 
shall terminate on December 31, 2027. 
(d) COVERED PERSONNEL DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘covered personnel’’ means— 
(1) an employee of the Department of Foreign 
Affairs and Trade, the Department of Defence, or 
equivalent component of the Government of Australia; 
(2) an employee of the Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs, the Ministry of Defense, or equivalent compo-
nent of the Government of Japan; 
(3) an employee of the Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs, the Ministry of National Defense, or equivalent 
component of the Government of the Republic of 
Korea; 
(4) a member of the military forces of Australia, 
Japan, or the Republic of Korea; and
824 
(5) any other official of the Government of Aus-
tralia, the Government of Japan, or the Government 
of the Republic of Korea the Secretary considers im-
portant to the extended deterrence relationship with 
the United States. 
Subtitle C—Matters Relating to 
Taiwan 
SEC. 1321. MODIFICATION OF REPORTING REQUIREMENT 
FOR TRANSFER OF DEFENSE ARTICLES AND 
DEFENSE SERVICES TO TAIWAN. 
Paragraph (3) of section 1259A(b) of the National De-
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 
115–91; 131 Stat. 11685; 22 U.S.C. 3302 note) is amended 
to read as follows: 
‘‘(3) FORM.—Each report required under para-
graph (1) may be submitted in classified form.’’. 
SEC. 1322. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM BETWEEN THE 
UNITED STATES AND TAIWAN FOR MILITARY 
TRAUMA CARE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of State, may establish a joint 
program on military trauma care with appropriate per-
sonnel of the military forces of Taiwan, consistent with the 
Taiwan Relations Act (22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.).
825 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—The program authorized by sub-
section (a) may consist of the following activities between 
personnel of the United States military health system and 
the medical personnel of Taiwan’s military forces related 
to general trauma care, amputation and amputee care, 
post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injuries, 
and any other mental health condition associated with post- 
traumatic stress disorder or traumatic brain injuries: 
(1) Dialogue on best practices for general trauma 
care, with a focus on amputation and amputee care, 
including the following elements of amputee care: 
(A) Use of prosthetics. 
(B) Wound care. 
(C) Rehabilitative therapy. 
(D) Family counseling. 
(E) Mental health therapy. 
(2) Training and support on trauma care, to in-
clude amputation and amputee care. 
(3) The conduct of relevant joint conferences and 
exchanges with military medical professionals. 
(4) Opportunities for personnel to attend classes 
on best practices for trauma and amputee rehabilita-
tion. 
(5) Any other relevant military trauma care 
educational activities that the Secretary of Defense
826 
and appropriate officials from Taiwan’s military 
forces determine appropriate. 
(c) USE OF AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out the joint 
program authorized by subsection (a), the Secretary of De-
fense may use the authorities under chapter 16 of title 10, 
United States Code, and other applicable statutory authori-
ties available to the Secretary. 
SEC. 1323. TAIWAN SECURITY COOPERATION INITIATIVE. 
(a) AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Consistent with the Taiwan 
Relations Act (22 U.S.C. 3301 et. seq.), the Secretary 
of Defense, with the concurrence of the Secretary of 
State, may provide, for the purpose described in 
paragraph (2), appropriate assistance as defined in 
subsection (b) to— 
(A) the military, central government secu-
rity forces, and central government security 
agencies of Taiwan; and 
(B) civilian central government entities of 
Taiwan that have among their functional re-
sponsibilities the support of military and central 
government security forces. 
(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose described in this 
paragraph is to enable Taiwan to maintain sufficient
827 
self-defense capabilities, including through one or 
more of the following: 
(A) The capabilities of the military, central 
government security forces, and central govern-
ment security agencies of Taiwan to defend 
against coercion and aggression. 
(B) The ability of the civilian central gov-
ernmental institutions of Taiwan to provide 
oversight and support, ensure accountability of, 
or manage, such forces. 
(b) APPROPRIATE ASSISTANCE DEFINED.— 
(1) For purposes of subparagraph (A) of sub-
section (a)(1), the term ‘‘appropriate assistance’’ in-
cludes the following: 
(A) Modifications to equipment provided by 
the United States for exportability or technology 
security. 
(B) Technology or services for effective end- 
use monitoring. 
(C) Intelligence, surveillance, and recon-
naissance capabilities or support. 
(D) Anti-armor capabilities. 
(E) Radars. 
(F) Manned and unmanned aerial capabili-
ties.
828 
(G) Defensive cyber capabilities. 
(H) Long-range precision fires. 
(I) Integrated air and missile defense sys-
tems. 
(J) Anti-ship missiles. 
(K) Electronic warfare and counter-elec-
tronic warfare capabilities or support. 
(L) Secure communications equipment and 
other electronic protection systems. 
(M) Undersea warfare capabilities. 
(N) Survivable swarming maritime assets. 
(O) Integrated air and missile defense sys-
tems or capabilities. 
(P) Mine and counter-mine capabilities. 
(Q) Littoral-zone and coastal defense vessels. 
(R) Coastal defense capabilities. 
(S) Transportation capabilities. 
(T) Command and control capabilities. 
(U) Munitions. 
(V) Training for critical operations and as 
required to maintain or employ systems and ca-
pabilities specified in subparagraphs (B) through 
(U).
829 
(2) For purposes of subparagraph (B) of sub-
section (a)(1), the term ‘‘appropriate assistance’’ in-
cludes the following: 
(A) Modifications to equipment provided by 
the United States for exportability or technology 
security. 
(B) Technology or services for effective end- 
use monitoring. 
(C) Intelligence, surveillance, and recon-
naissance capabilities or support. 
(D) Radars. 
(E) Manned and unmanned aerial capabili-
ties. 
(F) Defensive cyber capabilities or support. 
(G) Secure communications equipment and 
other electronic protection systems. 
(H) Transportation capabilities. 
(I) Command and control capabilities. 
(J) Training for critical operations and as 
required to maintain or employ systems and ca-
pabilities specified in subparagraphs (B) through 
(I). 
(c) CONSTRUCTION OF AUTHORIZATION.—Nothing in 
this section may be construed to constitute a specific stat-
uary authorization for the introduction of United States
830 
Armed Forces into hostilities or into situations wherein hos-
tilities are clearly indicated by the circumstances. 
(d) FUNDING.—Of the amounts authorized to be ap-
propriated for fiscal year 2025 for the Department of De-
fense, not more than $300,000,000 may be made available 
for the purposes of subsection (a). 
(e) ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY FOR USE OF UNITED 
STATES INVENTORY.—The Secretary of Defense, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of State, may, in such quantity 
as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate to 
achieve the purposes of subsection (a)(2)— 
(1) make available to the military, central gov-
ernment security forces, and central government secu-
rity agencies of Taiwan defense articles from the 
United States inventory and defense services, and to 
recover or dispose of such defense articles; or 
(2) make available to the foreign military and 
national security forces and ministries of defense (or 
security agencies serving a similar defense function) 
of foreign partners defense articles to replenish com-
parable stocks that such governments have provided to 
the military, central government security forces, and 
central government security agencies of Taiwan. 
(f) NOTIFICATION TO CONGRESS.—
831 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days before 
providing assistance or support under subsection 
(a)(1) or (e), the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress a notice con-
taining a description of the defense articles or defense 
services that will be provided. 
(2) ASSISTANCE OR SUPPORT PROVIDED UNDER 
SUBSECTION (a).—A report under paragraph (1) with 
respect to the provision of assistance or support under 
subsection (a)(1) shall include the following: 
(A) An identification of the specific recipi-
ent of the defense articles or defense services. 
(B) Objectives of providing the defense arti-
cles or defense services. 
(C) The cost of providing the defense articles 
or defense services. 
(D) The anticipated timeline for delivery of 
the defense articles or defense services. 
(3) ASSISTANCE OR SUPPORT PROVIDED UNDER 
SUBSECTION (e).—A report under paragraph (1) with 
respect to the provision of assistance or support under 
subsection (e) shall include the following: 
(A) An identification of the recipient for-
eign country.
832 
(B) A detailed description of the articles to 
be provided, including the dollar value, origin, 
and capabilities associated with the articles. 
(C) A detailed description of the articles 
provided to Taiwan to be replenished, including 
the dollar value, origin, and capabilities associ-
ated with the articles. 
(D) The impact on United States inventory 
and readiness of transferring the articles. 
(E) An assessment of any security, intellec-
tual property, or end use monitoring issues asso-
ciated with transferring the articles. 
(4) APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CONGRESS 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate 
committees of Congress’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
Committee on Appropriations, and the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives. 
(g) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section 
may be construed as circumventing the applicable require-
833 
ments of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et 
seq.). 
(h) TERMINATION.—The authority provided by this 
section shall terminate on December 31, 2029. 
SEC. 1324. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING INVITATION 
TO TAIWAN TO RIM OF THE PACIFIC EXER-
CISE. 
It is the sense of Congress that the naval forces of Tai-
wan may be invited to participate in the Rim of the Pacific 
exercise, as appropriate, conducted in 2025. 
Subtitle D—Coordinating AUKUS 
Engagement With Japan 
SEC. 1331. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subtitle: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Armed Services of the 
Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
of Representatives. 
(2) The term ‘‘AUKUS official’’ means a govern-
ment official with responsibilities related to the im-
plementation of the AUKUS partnership.
834 
(3) The term ‘‘AUKUS partnership’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 1321 of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act of Fiscal Year 2024 
(22 U.S.C. 10401). 
(4) The term ‘‘State AUKUS Coordinator’’ 
means the senior advisor at the Department of State 
designated under section 1331(a)(1) of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (22 
U.S.C. 10411(a)(1)). 
(5) The term ‘‘Defense AUKUS Coordinator’’ 
means the senior civilian official of the Department 
of Defense designated under section 1332(a) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 
(22 U.S.C. 10412(a)). 
(6) The term ‘‘Pillar Two’’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 1321(2)(B) of the National 
Defense Authorization Act of Fiscal Year 2024 (22 
U.S.C. 10401(2)(B)). 
(7) The term ‘‘United States Munitions List’’ 
means the list set forth in part 121 of title 22, Code 
of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations). 
SEC. 1332. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States should continue to 
strengthen relationships and cooperation with allies
835 
in order to effectively counter the People’s Republic of 
China; 
(2) the United States should capitalize on the 
technological advancements allies have made in order 
to deliver more advanced capabilities at speed and at 
scale to the United States military and the militaries 
of partner countries; 
(3) the historic announcement of the AUKUS 
partnership laid out a vision for future defense co-
operation in the Indo-Pacific among Australia, the 
United Kingdom, and the United States; 
(4) Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership envi-
sions cooperation on advanced technologies, including 
hypersonic capabilities, electronic warfare capabili-
ties, cyber capabilities, quantum technologies, under-
sea capabilities, and space capabilities; 
(5) trusted partners of the United States, the 
United Kingdom, and Australia, such as Japan, 
could benefit from and offer significant contributions 
to a range of projects related to Pillar Two of the 
AUKUS partnership; 
(6) Japan is a treaty ally of the United States 
and a technologically advanced country with the 
world’s third-largest economy;
836 
(7) in 2022, Australia signed a Reciprocal Ac-
cess Agreement with Japan to facilitate reciprocal ac-
cess and cooperation between the Self-Defense Forces 
of Japan and the Australian Defence Force; 
(8) in 2023, the United Kingdom signed a Re-
ciprocal Access Agreement with Japan to facilitate re-
ciprocal access and cooperation between the Self-De-
fense Forces of Japan and the Armed Forces of the 
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ire-
land; 
(9) in 2014, Japan relaxed its post-war con-
straints on the export of non-lethal defense equipment, 
and in March 2024, Japan further refined that policy 
to allow for the export of weapons to countries with 
which it has an agreement in place on defense equip-
ment and technology transfers; 
(10) in 2013, Japan passed a secrecy law obli-
gating government officials to protect diplomatic and 
defense information, and in February 2024, the Cabi-
net approved a bill creating a new security clearance 
system covering economic secrets; and 
(11) in April 2024, the United States, Australia, 
and the United Kingdom announced they would con-
sider cooperating with Japan on advanced capability 
projects under Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership.
837 
SEC. 1333. ENGAGEMENT WITH JAPAN ON AUKUS PILLAR 
TWO COOPERATION. 
(a) ENGAGEMENT REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the State 
AUKUS Coordinator and the Defense AUKUS Coor-
dinator shall jointly engage directly, at a technical 
level, with the relevant stakeholders in the Govern-
ment of Japan— 
(A) to better understand the export control, 
technology security, and cyber security policies of 
Japan and the effects of the reforms the Govern-
ment of Japan has made to those policies since 
2014; 
(B) to determine overlapping areas of inter-
est and the potential for cooperation with Aus-
tralia, the United Kingdom, and the United 
States on projects related to the AUKUS part-
nership and other projects; and 
(C) to identify areas in which the Govern-
ment of Japan might need to strengthen the ex-
port control, technology security, and cyber secu-
rity systems of Japan in order to guard against 
export control violations, cyber espionage, tech-
nology theft, or other related issues in order to
838 
be a successful potential partner in Pillar Two 
of the AUKUS partnership. 
(2) CONSULTATION WITH AUKUS OFFICIALS.—In 
carrying out the engagement required by paragraph 
(1), the State AUKUS Coordinator and the Defense 
AUKUS Coordinator shall consult with relevant 
AUKUS officials from the United Kingdom and Aus-
tralia. 
(b) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 30 days 
after the date of the engagement required by subsection (a), 
the State AUKUS Coordinator and the Defense AUKUS 
Coordinator shall jointly brief the appropriate congres-
sional committees on the following: 
(1) The findings of that engagement. 
(2) A strategy for follow-on engagement. 
SEC. 1334. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL FOR COOPERATION 
WITH JAPAN ON AUKUS PILLAR TWO. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State, with the concurrence of 
the Secretary of Defense, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report assessing the potential for 
cooperation with Japan on Pillar Two of the AUKUS part-
nership, detailing the following: 
(1) Projects the Government of Japan is engaged 
in related to the development of advanced defense ca-
839 
pabilities under Pillar Two of the AUKUS partner-
ship. 
(2) Areas of potential cooperation with Japan on 
advanced defense capabilities within and outside the 
scope of Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership. 
(3) The Secretaries’ assessment of the current ex-
port control, technology security, and cyber security 
systems of Japan, including— 
(A) the procedures under those systems for 
protecting classified and sensitive defense, tech-
nological, diplomatic, and economic information; 
(B) the effectiveness of those systems in pro-
tecting such information; and 
(C) such other matters as the Secretaries 
consider appropriate. 
(4) Any reforms. regulations, and technical ca-
pabilities that the Secretary of State considers nec-
essary for Japan to adopt before considering includ-
ing Japan in the privileges provided under Pillar 
Two of the AUKUS partnership. 
(5) Any recommendations regarding the scope 
and conditions of potential cooperation with Japan 
under Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership. 
(6) A strategy and forum for communicating the 
potential benefits of and requirements for engaging in
840 
projects related to Pillar Two of the AUKUS partner-
ship with the Government of Japan. 
(7) Any views provided by AUKUS officials 
from the United Kingdom and Australia on issues 
relevant to the report, and a plan for cooperation 
with such officials on future engagement with the 
Government of Japan related to Pillar Two of the 
AUKUS partnership. 
Subtitle E—Matters Relating to 
East Asia 
SEC. 1341. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY 
TO TRANSFER FUNDS FOR BIEN HOA DIOXIN 
CLEANUP. 
Section 1253(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
(Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3955) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$15,000,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$30,000,000’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2024’’ and inserting 
‘‘fiscal year 2025’’. 
SEC. 1342. MODIFICATION OF COOPERATIVE PROGRAM 
WITH 
VIETNAM 
TO 
ACCOUNT 
FOR 
VIET-
NAMESE PERSONNEL MISSING IN ACTION. 
Section 1245 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended—
841 
(1) by striking the section heading and inserting 
‘‘VIETNAM
WARTIME
ACCOUNTING
INITIA-
TIVE.’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Vietnamese 
personnel missing in action’’ and inserting ‘‘killed or 
missing Vietnamese persons from the Vietnam War 
(referred to in this section as ‘missing persons from 
the Vietnam War’)’’; 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) 
in 
paragraph 
(1), 
by 
inserting 
‘‘verification,’’ after ‘‘digitization,’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘conduct 
archival research, investigations, and exca-
vations’’ and inserting ‘‘manage archival infor-
mation and personal data’’; and 
(C) by amending paragraphs (3) and (4) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(3) Supporting activities to build the capacity 
of Vietnam for locating, recovering, and conducting 
DNA analysis and identification of missing persons 
from the Vietnam War. 
‘‘(4) Increasing exchanges, training, and dia-
logue among veterans and families of missing persons 
from the Vietnam War.’’;
842 
(4) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection 
(d); 
(5) by inserting after subsection (b) the following 
new subsection (c): 
‘‘(c) DESIGNATION OF LEAD COORDINATING OFFICE.— 
The Secretary shall designate an office within the Depart-
ment of Defense to serve as the lead coordinating office for 
the program carried out under this section.’’; and 
(6) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by striking 
‘‘October 1, 2026’’ and inserting ‘‘October 1, 2031’’. 
SEC. 1343. PLAN FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF A JOINT FORCE 
HEADQUARTERS IN JAPAN. 
(a) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a plan to reconstitute U.S. Forces Japan as a joint force 
headquarters consistent with the Joint Statement of the Se-
curity Consultative Committee released on July 28, 2024. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by subsection (a) 
shall include a description of each of the following: 
(1) The operational chain of command of the 
joint force headquarters as it relates to— 
(A) United States Indo-Pacific Command 
and the component commands of United States 
Indo-Pacific Command;
843 
(B) the standing joint force headquarters re-
quired by section 1087 of the James M. Inhofe 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 U.S.C. 161 
note); and 
(C) any United States military forces de-
ployed to Japan on a permanent, rotational, or 
temporary basis. 
(2) The manning and resourcing required for the 
establishment of such a joint force headquarters. 
(3) The mission and operational authorities that 
will be delegated to the joint force headquarters dur-
ing peacetime, crisis, and conflict. 
(4) The relationship of the joint force head-
quarters with the Japan Self-Defense Forces Joint 
Operations Command, including coordination and 
decision-making mechanisms, necessary to enable 
seamless integration of operations and capabilities 
and allow for greater interoperability and planning 
between United States forces and Japanese forces in 
peacetime and during contingencies. 
(5) The infrastructure required to support the 
joint force headquarters and milestones and timelines 
for the joint force headquarters to achieve initial oper-
ational capability and full operational capability.
844 
(6) Such other matters as the Secretary of De-
fense considers appropriate. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than June 
1, 2026, and annually thereafter until the joint force head-
quarters to be established reaches full operational capa-
bility, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report providing an update on 
progress toward achieving the milestones identified under 
subsection (b)(5) and any other matters the Secretary deter-
mines to be relevant. 
SEC. 1344. PLAN FOR DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACTIVI-
TIES TO STRENGTHEN UNITED STATES EX-
TENDED 
DETERRENCE 
COMMITMENTS 
TO 
THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 
(a) PLAN.—Not later than March 1, 2025, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a plan for Department of Defense activities to 
strengthen United States extended deterrence commitments 
to the Republic of Korea as identified in the December 16, 
2023, Joint Press Statement on the United States-Republic 
of Korea Nuclear Consultative Group. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by subsection (a) 
shall include the following: 
(1) A description of the resources, budget, and 
personnel needed to strengthen United States extended
845 
deterrence commitments to the Republic of Korea, in-
cluding those related to— 
(A) nuclear consultation processes between 
the United States and the Republic of Korea in 
crises and contingencies; 
(B) nuclear and strategic planning between 
the United States and the Republic of Korea; 
(C) United States-Republic of Korea con-
ventional and nuclear integration; 
(D) security and information-sharing proto-
cols; 
(E) exercises, simulations, training, and 
other investment activities; and 
(F) risk-reduction practices. 
(2) Any other matter the Secretary of Defense 
considers relevant. 
SEC. 1345. PLAN AND ANNUAL REPORT RELATING TO TRI-
LATERAL 
DEFENSE 
COOPERATION 
WITH 
JAPAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA. 
(a) PLAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 2025, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a plan to advance trilateral
846 
defense cooperation among the United States, Japan, 
and the Republic of Korea. 
(2) ELEMENTS.— The plan required by para-
graph (1) shall include the following: 
(A) A description of the resources necessary 
to advance trilateral defense cooperation among 
the United States, Japan, and the Republic of 
Korea, including with respect to activities relat-
ing to— 
(i) trilateral communication mecha-
nisms, consultations, and senior leadership 
engagements; 
(ii) ballistic missile defense, including 
real-time information sharing; 
(iii) trilateral exercises and other ac-
tivities under the multi-year trilateral exer-
cise plan agreed to by the United States, 
Japan, and the Republic of Korea in Au-
gust 2023; 
(iv) the Trilateral Maritime Security 
Cooperation Framework established by the 
United States, Japan, and the Republic of 
Korea in August 2023; 
(v) countering malicious cyber and 
disinformation activities; and
847 
(vi) disaster relief and humanitarian 
assistance activities. 
(B) An identification of challenges to im-
proving such trilateral defense cooperation with 
respect to the activities described in subpara-
graph (A). 
(C) Any other matter the Secretary of De-
fense considers relevant. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1, 2026 
and annually thereafter through 2029, the Secretary of De-
fense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on 
trilateral defense cooperation among the United States, 
Japan, and the Republic of Korea that includes, with re-
spect to the activities described in subsection (a)(2)(A), a 
description of any such activities conducted during the pre-
ceding year. 
(c) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES
OF CONGRESS DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees 
of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Appropriations, and the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate; and
848 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-
mittee on Appropriations, and the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1346. MODIFICATION OF PUBLIC REPORTING OF CHI-
NESE MILITARY COMPANIES OPERATING IN 
THE UNITED STATES. 
Section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
(Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3965; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘an ex-
planation of any entities deleted from such list 
with respect to a prior list’’ and inserting ‘‘a 
justification for adding any entities to the list 
and for deleting any entities from a prior list’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘Concurrent with’’ and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Concurrent with’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(B) INCLUSION.—The publication required 
by subparagraph (A) shall include, for each enti-
ty included in the unclassified portion of such 
list, the justification for inclusion in such list.’’;
849 
(C) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) in the paragraph heading, by strik-
ing ‘‘ONGOING’’ and inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’; 
and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘on an ongoing basis’’ 
and inserting ‘‘not less frequently than an-
nually’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) LANGUAGE REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary 
shall prepare the list required by paragraph (1) in 
English and in Mandarin Chinese. If the name of a 
Chinese military company included on the list is re-
ferred to by the Government of China in a language 
other than English or Mandarin Chinese, the Sec-
retary shall also include on the list the name of that 
company in that language.’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), 
and (3) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (5), respec-
tively; 
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so 
redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(1) AFFILIATED
WITH.—The term ‘affiliated 
with’ means in close formal or informal association.’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated—
850 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) in clause (i), by amending 
subclause (I) to read as follows: 
‘‘(I) directly or indirectly owned by, 
controlled by, or beneficially owned by, af-
filiated with, or in an official or unofficial 
capacity acting as an agent of or on behalf 
of, the People’s Liberation Army, Chinese 
military and paramilitary elements, secu-
rity forces, police, law enforcement, border 
control, the People’s Armed Police, the Min-
istry of State Security (MSS), or any other 
organization subordinate to the Central 
Military Commission of the Chinese Com-
munist Party, the Chinese Ministry of In-
dustry and Information Technology (MIIT), 
the State-Owned Assets Supervision and 
Administration Commission of the State 
Council (SASAC), or the State Administra-
tion of Science, Technology, and Industry 
for National Defense (SASTIND); or’’; and
851 
(II) in clause (ii), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(C) includes a wholly-owned or wholly-con-
trolled subsidiary or wholly-owned or wholly- 
controlled affiliate of such an entity or any enti-
ty that owns in the aggregate, directly or indi-
rectly, 50 percent or more of any entity or enti-
ties described in subparagraph (B).’’; 
(D) in paragraph (3), as so redesignated— 
(i) by amending subparagraphs (A) 
and (B) to read as follows: 
‘‘(A) Entities knowingly receiving assist-
ance from the Government of China or the Chi-
nese Communist Party through science, tech-
nology, research, and industrial efforts initiated, 
granted, or created by, or provided under, or re-
lated to, the Chinese military industrial plan-
ning apparatus, or in furtherance of Chinese 
military industrial planning objectives, includ-
ing selection or designation as a ‘Single Cham-
pion’, ‘Little Giant’, or any other successor selec-
tion or designation as an enterprise associated
852 
with industrial planning or military-civil fusion 
efforts. 
‘‘(B) Entities managed, overseen, or super-
vised by, otherwise under the control of, or affili-
ated with (including by means of formal partici-
pation in research partnerships and projects)— 
‘‘(i) the Chinese Ministry of Industry 
and Information Technology (MIIT); 
‘‘(ii) the State-Owned Assets Super-
vision and Administration Commission of 
the State Council (SASAC); 
‘‘(iii) the State Administration of 
Science, Technology and Industry for Na-
tional Defense (SASTIND); 
‘‘(iv) the Ministry of State Security 
(MSS); or 
‘‘(v) the People’s Liberation Army.’’; 
and 
(ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘such as’’ and inserting ‘‘including’’; 
(E) by inserting after paragraph (3), as so 
redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(4) OPERATING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN 
THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OF ITS TERRITORIES 
AND POSSESSIONS.—With respect to an entity, the
853 
term ‘operating directly or indirectly in the United 
States or any of its territories and possessions’ in-
cludes an entity selling goods in, or receiving goods 
or services from, the United States or any of its terri-
tories or possessions, regardless of whether the entity 
has a physical presence in the United States.’’; and 
(F) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘or intelligence’’ after 
‘‘security’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end before the pe-
riod the following; ‘‘, including other Chi-
nese military and paramilitary elements, 
security forces, police, law enforcement, bor-
der control, and the Ministry of State Secu-
rity’’; 
(3) by redesignating subsection (d), as so amend-
ed, as subsection (g); and 
(4) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE REPORT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 
2026, and biennially thereafter through December 31, 
2031, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on 
Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Rep-
resentatives a report on the status of Department of
854 
Defense procurement restrictions on entities included 
in the list described in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—Each report required by para-
graph (1) shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) A list of each entity included in the 
list described in subsection (b)(1) that is likely 
present in the United States defense industrial 
base. 
‘‘(B) Available unclassified data on any 
such entity and its presence within the United 
States defense industrial base. 
‘‘(C) A description of any update to policies 
or procedures implemented to enforce procure-
ment restrictions on entities included in the list 
described in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(e) PROCEDURES FOR IMPLEMENTATION.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall establish such reasonable procedures 
as are necessary to implement the provisions of this section, 
including for obtaining information from outside entities 
relevant to the list described in subsection (b)(1) and proce-
dures for removal of entities from the list described in sub-
section (b)(1). 
‘‘(f) JUDICIAL REVIEW.— In any judicial review of a 
determination made under this section, if the determination 
was based on classified information (as defined in section
855 
1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act) such in-
formation may be submitted to the reviewing court ex parte 
and in camera. This subsection does not confer or imply 
any right to judicial review.’’. 
SEC. 1347. STRATEGY TO ADDRESS MALIGN ACTIVITIES BY 
THE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a 
transregional, multi-functional, and multi-domain strategy 
to coordinate activities among combatant commands for 
identifying and, if necessary and appropriate, addressing 
malign activities by the People’s Liberation Army of the 
People’s Republic of China. 
(b) COMBATANT COMMAND LIAISONS.—Concurrently 
with the submission of the strategy required by subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall designate, within each combatant 
command (other than the United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand), an official liaison for coordinated transregional, 
multi-functional, and multi-domain efforts to address ma-
lign activities by the People’s Liberation Army. 
TITLE XIV—OTHER 
AUTHORIZATIONS 
Subtitle A—Military Programs 
Sec. 1401. Working capital funds. 
Sec. 1402. Chemical agents and munitions destruction, defense. 
Sec. 1403. Drug interdiction and counter-drug activities, defense-wide.
856 
Sec. 1404. Defense Inspector General. 
Sec. 1405. Defense Health Program. 
Subtitle B—National Defense Stockpile 
Sec. 1411. Restoring the National Defense Stockpile. 
Sec. 1412. Consultations with respect to environmental reviews of projects that 
will increase availability of strategic and critical materials for 
acquisition for National Defense Stockpile. 
Subtitle C—Other Matters 
Sec. 1421. Extension of authorities for funding and management of Joint Depart-
ment of Defense-Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Facility 
Demonstration Fund for Captain James A. Lovell Health Care 
Center, Illinois. 
Sec. 1422. Eligibility of Space Force officers for membership on Armed Forces 
Retirement Home Advisory Council. 
Sec. 1423. Armed Forces Retirement Home: availability of licensed practitioners. 
Sec. 1424. Authorization of appropriations for Armed Forces Retirement Home. 
Subtitle A—Military Programs 
SEC. 1401. WORKING CAPITAL FUNDS. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fis-
cal year 2025 for the use of the Armed Forces and other 
activities and agencies of the Department of Defense for 
providing capital for working capital and revolving funds, 
as specified in the funding table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1402. CHEMICAL AGENTS AND MUNITIONS DESTRUC-
TION, DEFENSE. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Funds are 
hereby authorized to be appropriated for the Department 
of Defense for fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not otherwise 
provided for, for Chemical Agents and Munitions Destruc-
tion, Defense, as specified in the funding table in section 
4501.
857 
(b) USE.—Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
under subsection (a) are authorized for the destruction of 
lethal chemical agents and munitions in accordance with 
section 1412 of the Department of Defense Authorization 
Act, 1986 (50 U.S.C. 1521). 
SEC. 1403. DRUG INTERDICTION AND COUNTER-DRUG AC-
TIVITIES, DEFENSE-WIDE. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the 
Department of Defense for fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not 
otherwise provided for, for Drug Interdiction and Counter- 
Drug Activities, Defense-wide, as specified in the funding 
table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1404. DEFENSE INSPECTOR GENERAL. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the 
Department of Defense for fiscal year 2025 for expenses, not 
otherwise provided for, for the Office of the Inspector Gen-
eral of the Department of Defense, as specified in the fund-
ing table in section 4501. 
SEC. 1405. DEFENSE HEALTH PROGRAM. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fis-
cal year 2025 for the Defense Health Program for use of 
the Armed Forces and other activities and agencies of the 
Department of Defense for providing for the health of eligi-
ble beneficiaries, as specified in the funding table in section 
4501.
858 
Subtitle B—National Defense 
Stockpile 
SEC. 1411. RESTORING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE STOCK-
PILE. 
(a) PLAN TO FULLY FUND EXISTING NATIONAL DE-
FENSE STOCKPILE REQUIREMENTS.—Not later than April 
15, 2025, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the con-
gressional defense committees a plan that includes the fol-
lowing: 
(1) An identification of the strategic and critical 
materials for which there is a shortfall in the Na-
tional Defense Stockpile, as determined by the Sec-
retary, and the estimated cost of resolving such short-
falls. 
(2) A plan for resolving the shortfalls identified 
under paragraph (1) and to avoid any future short-
fall in the National Defense Stockpile— 
(A) with respect to the military and indus-
trial needs of the United States during a na-
tional emergency, not later than December 31, 
2027; and 
(B) with respect to the essential civilian 
needs of the United States during a national 
emergency, not later than December 31, 2029.
859 
(3) A description of the additional funds that 
would be necessary to resolve the shortfalls identified 
under paragraph (1) if the National Defense Stockpile 
was required to meet the national defense needs of the 
United States for a period of— 
(A) not less than two years during a na-
tional emergency; and 
(B) not less than three years during a na-
tional emergency. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘national emergency’’ has the 
meaning given such term under section 12 of the 
Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (50 
U.S.C. 98h–3). 
(2) The term ‘‘strategic and critical materials’’ 
means materials determined pursuant to section 3(a) 
of the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling 
Act (50 U.S.C. 98b(a)) to be strategic and critical 
materials.