I
103D CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 1757
To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate development
and dissemination of applications of high-performance computing and
high-speed networking, and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
APRIL 21, 1993
Mr. BOUCHER (for himself, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. BROWN of California, Mr.
VALENTINE, Mr. TRAFICANT, Mr. HAYES, Mr. BACCHUS of Florida, Mr.
CRAMER, Mr. BARCIA, Mr. KLEIN, Mr. FINGERHUT, Mr. MCHALE, Ms.
ESHOO, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr.
COLEMAN, Mr. WISE, Mr. BLACKWELL, and Mr. KANJORSKI) introduced
the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology
JUNE 15, 1993
Additional sponsors: Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey, Mr. TOWNS, and Mr.
MACHTLEY
A BILL
To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate
development and dissemination of applications of high-
performance computing and high-speed networking, and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘High Performance
Computing and High Speed Networking Applications Act
of 1993’’.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds that—
(1) high-performance computing and high-speed
networks have proven to be powerful tools for im-
proving America’s national security, industrial com-
petitiveness, research capabilities, and ability to
make a wide array of information available for a
variety of applications;
(2) Federal programs, such as the High-Per-
formance Computing Program and National Re-
search and Education Network established by Con-
gress in 1991, are vital to the maintenance of
United States leadership in high-performance com-
puting and high-speed network development, particu-
larly in the defense and research sectors;
(3) high-performance computing and high-speed
networking have the potential to expand dramati-
cally access to information in many fields, including
education, libraries, government information dis-
semination, and health care, if adequate resources
are devoted to the research and development activi-
ties needed to do so;
(4) the Federal Government should ensure that
the applications achieved through research and de-
velopment efforts such as the High-Performance
Computing Program directly benefit all Americans;
(5) the Federal Government should stimulate
the development of computing and networking appli-
cations and support wider access to network re-
sources so that the benefits of applications so devel-
oped can reach the intended users throughout the
Nation; and
(6) a coordinated, interagency undertaking is
needed to identify and promote applications of com-
puting and networking advances developed by the
High-Performance Computing Program which will
provide large economic and social benefits to the Na-
tion, including new tools for teaching, the creation of
digital libraries of electronic information, the devel-
opment of standards and protocols to make the
stores of government information readily accessible
by electronic means, and computer systems to im-
prove the delivery of health care.
SEC. 3. APPLICATIONS OF THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM-
PUTING PROGRAM.
The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 is
amended by adding at the end the following new title:
‘‘TITLE III—APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTING AND
NETWORKING
‘‘SEC. 301. ESTABLISHMENT OF APPLICATIONS PROGRAM.
‘‘The Director, through the Federal Coordinating
Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology, shall,
in accordance with this title—
‘‘(1) establish a coordinated interagency appli-
cations program to develop applications of comput-
ing and networking advances achieved under the
Program described in section 101, that are designed
to be accessible and useable by all persons in the
United States, in the fields of education, libraries,
health care, the provision of government informa-
tion, and other appropriate fields; and
‘‘(2) develop a Plan for Computing and
Networking Applications (hereafter in this title re-
ferred to as the ‘Plan’) describing the goals and pro-
posed activities of the applications program estab-
lished under paragraph (1), taking into consider-
ation the recommendations of the advisory commit-
tee on high-performance computing and applications
established under section 101(b).
The President shall designate the Federal agencies and
departments which shall participate in the applications
program established under paragraph (1).
‘‘SEC. 302. PLAN FOR COMPUTING AND NETWORKING AP-
PLICATIONS.
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Plan shall contain a state-
ment of steps which should be taken to implement the ap-
plications program established under section 301(1) for
the fiscal year in which the Plan is submitted and the suc-
ceeding four fiscal years, and shall be submitted to the
Congress within one year after the date of enactment of
this title. The Plan shall be revised and resubmitted to
the Congress at least once each two years thereafter.
‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—The Plan shall—
‘‘(1) establish the goals and priorities for the
applications program established under section
301(1), consistent with this title;
‘‘(2) set forth the specific responsibilities of
each Federal agency and department participating in
the applications program established under section
301(1) to achieve the goals and priorities established
under paragraph (1) of this subsection; and
‘‘(3) describe the recommended levels of Fed-
eral funding required for each agency and depart-
ment to carry out the specific responsibilities set
forth in paragraph (2) of this subsection.
‘‘(c) COLLABORATION WITH NON-FEDERAL ENTI-
TIES.—To the maximum extent possible, the applications
program shall involve cost sharing and partnerships
among participating Federal departments and agencies,
State and local governments, and private sector entities.
‘‘(d) PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING PLAN.—(1) Ac-
companying the initial submission of the Plan shall be—
‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal
efforts during the preceding fiscal year to develop
computing and networking applications and to ad-
vance the technologies on which the applications de-
pend; and
‘‘(B) any recommendations regarding additional
action or legislation which may be required to assist
in implementing the Plan.
‘‘(2) Accompanying each subsequent submission of
the Plan shall be—
‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal
efforts since the previous submission of the Plan to
develop computing and networking applications and
to advance the technologies on which the applica-
tions depend, including an estimate of the number of
users served in each application;
‘‘(B) an evaluation of the progress made toward
achieving the goals and priorities established under
subsection (b)(1);
‘‘(C) a summary of problems encountered in im-
plementing the Plan; and
‘‘(D) any recommendations regarding additional
action or legislation which may be required to assist
in implementing the Plan.
‘‘SEC. 303. RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL COORDI-
NATING COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE, ENGINEER-
ING, AND TECHNOLOGY.
‘‘The Federal Coordinating Council for Science, En-
gineering, and Technology shall—
‘‘(1) develop the Plan as provided in section
301(2);
‘‘(2) coordinate the activities of Federal agen-
cies and departments undertaken pursuant to the
Plan and report at least annually to the President,
through the Chairman of the Council, on any rec-
ommended changes in agency or departmental roles
that are needed better to implement the Plan; and
‘‘(3) review, prior to the President’s submission
to the Congress of the annual budget estimate, each
agency and departmental budget estimate in the
context of the Plan and make the results of that re-
view available to the appropriate elements of the Ex-
ecutive Office of the President, particularly the
Office of Management and Budget.
‘‘SEC. 304. COORDINATOR.
‘‘The Director shall designate an individual on the
staff of the Office of Science and Technology Policy to
serve as the Coordinator of the Program described in sec-
tion 101 and the applications program established under
section 301(1) (hereafter in this section referred to as the
‘Coordinator’). The Coordinator shall—
‘‘(1) monitor the activities of the Federal agen-
cies and departments participating in the Program
described in section 101 and the applications pro-
gram established by section 301(1), for the purpose
of preparing the report required under paragraph
(2) of this section;
‘‘(2) report to the Director any discrepancies
between Federal activities carried out pursuant to
this Act and the goals and priorities specified in the
report required by section 101 or specified in the
Plan pursuant to section 302(b)(1);
‘‘(3) assist in ensuring interagency coordination
of activities carried out pursuant to this Act; and
‘‘(4) serve as the point of contact for Congress
and the public regarding activities carried out under
this Act.
‘‘SEC. 305. AGENCY REPORTS.
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Each Federal agency and de-
partment designated by the President under section 301
as a participant in the applications program shall, as part
of its annual request for appropriations to the Office of
Management and Budget, submit a report to that Office—
‘‘(1) identifying each element of its activities
which—
‘‘(A) contributes primarily to the imple-
mentation of the Plan; or
‘‘(B) contributes primarily to the achieve-
ment of other objectives but aids Plan imple-
mentation in important ways; and
‘‘(2) stating the portion of its request for ap-
propriations that is allocated to each such element.
‘‘(b) OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET RE-
VIEW.—The Office of Management and Budget shall re-
view each report under this section in light of the goals,
priorities, and agency and departmental responsibilities
set forth in the Plan. The President’s annual budget re-
quest shall include a statement of the portion of each ap-
propriate agency or department’s annual budget request
that is allocated to efforts to achieve the goals and prior-
ities established under section 302(b)(1).
‘‘SEC. 306. NETWORK ACCESS.
‘‘(a) CONNECTIONS PROGRAM.—The Plan shall in-
clude a program administered by the National Science
Foundation to—
‘‘(1) foster the creation of local networks in
communities which will connect institutions of higher
education, elementary and secondary schools, librar-
ies, and State and local governments to each other;
and
‘‘(2) provide for connection of such local net-
works to the Internet.
Such program shall include funding for the acquisition of
required hardware and for the establishment of broadband
connections to the Internet. In making awards under this
subsection, the National Science Foundation shall ensure
that not more than 75 percent of the cost of the project
for which the award is made is provided under this Act.
‘‘(b) TRAINING.—The Plan shall include programs
administered by the National Science Foundation and
other appropriate agencies and departments to train
teachers, students, librarians, and State and local govern-
ment personnel in the use of computer networks and the
Internet. Training programs for librarians shall be de-
signed to provide skills and training materials needed by
librarians to instruct the public in the use of hardware
and software for accessing and using computer networks
and the Internet.
‘‘(c) REPORT.—The Director shall, within one year
after the date of enactment of this title, submit a report
to Congress which shall include—
‘‘(1) findings of an examination of the extent to
which the education and library communities and
State and local government have access to the
Internet, including the numbers and the geographic
distribution, by type, of institutions having access;
‘‘(2) a statement of the extent to which
broadband connections to the Internet exist for the
education and library communities and State and
local governments, including the numbers and the
geographic distribution, by type, of institutions hav-
ing access;
‘‘(3) an assessment of the factors limiting ac-
cess by schools, libraries, and State and local gov-
ernments to the Internet and an estimate of the cost
of providing universal broadband access for those in-
stitutions to the Internet; and
‘‘(4) recommendations for collaborative pro-
grams among Federal, State, and local governments
and the private sector to expand connectivity to the
Internet for educational institutions, libraries, and
State and local governments.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science
Foundation for the purposes of this section, $20,000,000
for fiscal year 1994, $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1995,
$70,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $80,000,000 for fiscal
year 1997, and $80,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
‘‘SEC. 307. RESEARCH IN SUPPORT OF APPLICATIONS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify the basic
and applied research and human resource development ac-
tivities in areas, such as computer science and engineer-
ing, mathematics, computer visualization, and human cog-
nition, that will provide the foundation for achieving the
applications included in the Plan. The Plan shall specify
those activities included in the Program under title I
which contribute to the development of applications in-
cluded in the Plan.
‘‘(b) NETWORK SECURITY AND PRIVACY.—The Plan
shall specify research programs needed to create means
to ensure the security and privacy of transmissions over
the Internet and the integrity of digital information
accessed via the Internet.
‘‘(c) EASE OF INTERNET USE.—The Plan shall speci-
fy research programs needed to develop and demonstrate
human/computer interfaces that will simplify access to and
use of the Internet by nonspecialists in computing and
networking technologies.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this
section, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $30,000,000 for
fiscal year 1995, $35,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,
$38,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $38,000,000 for
fiscal year 1998.
‘‘SEC. 308. APPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects
to develop and apply computing and networking tech-
nologies for use in education at all levels. The National
Science Foundation shall be the lead agency for imple-
menting the activities required by this section. Activities
under this section shall include—
‘‘(1) projects, including support for acquisition
of required computer hardware and software, that
demonstrate the educational value of the Internet in
providing for advances in distance learning and elec-
tronic classrooms, facilitating nationwide commu-
nication among educators and students, access to
databases of information in digital format, and ac-
cess to innovative curricular materials;
‘‘(2) development, testing, and evaluation of
computer systems, computer software, and computer
networks for—
‘‘(A) teacher training; and
‘‘(B) informal education outside of school,
including workforce training in mathematics,
science, and technology and in specific job-
related skills; and
‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of ad-
vanced educational software and of network-based
information resources.
‘‘(b) ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION.—
In accordance with subsection (a), applications for elemen-
tary and secondary education shall be designed to com-
plement and strengthen ongoing national and State edu-
cational restructuring and reform activities and shall in-
clude—
‘‘(1) projects in computing and networking
that—
‘‘(A) provide for network connections
among elementary and secondary schools in
local regions and connections to the Internet to
enable students and teachers to—
‘‘(i) communicate with their peers;
‘‘(ii) communicate with educators and
students in colleges and universities; and
‘‘(iii) access educational materials and
other computing resources; and
‘‘(B) address the needs of rural popu-
lations and of urban communities;
‘‘(2) collection and dissemination of information
about ongoing elementary and secondary educational
projects based on application of computing and
networking technologies, and about other edu-
cational resources available over the Internet;
‘‘(3) development and evaluation of undergradu-
ate courses in the educational applications of com-
puting and networking for the instruction of stu-
dents preparing for teaching careers, including
courses that will ensure the early familiarization and
training of these students in the use of the Internet;
and
‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of
educational software designed for collaborative use
over the Internet, including tools that will enable
classroom teachers easily to adapt software to local
conditions.
‘‘(c) COOPERATION.—In carrying out the require-
ments of this section, the National Science Foundation
and other Federal agencies participating in such activities
shall work with the computer and communications indus-
try, authors and publishers of educational materials, State
education departments, and local school districts, as ap-
propriate.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science
Foundation for the purposes of this section, $24,000,000
for fiscal year 1994, $70,000,000 for fiscal year 1995,
$82,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $94,000,000 for fiscal
year 1997, and $94,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
‘‘SEC. 309. APPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects
to develop and apply high-performance computing and
high-speed networking technologies for use in the health
care sector. The Department of Health and Human Serv-
ices, through the National Library of Medicine, the Na-
tional Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease
Control, shall be the lead agency for implementing the ac-
tivities required by this section.
‘‘(b) CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS.—In accord-
ance with subsection (a), applications related to clinical
information systems shall include—
‘‘(1) testbed networks for linking hospitals, clin-
ics, doctor’s offices, medical schools, medical librar-
ies, and universities to enable health care providers
and researchers to share medical images and to de-
velop computer-based records;
‘‘(2) software and visualization technology for
visualizing the human anatomy and analyzing diag-
nostic images and records;
‘‘(3) virtual reality technology for simulating
surgical and medical procedures;
‘‘(4) collaborative technology to allow several
health care providers in remote locations to provide
real-time treatment to patients;
‘‘(5) database technology to provide health care
providers with access to relevant medical information
and literature; and
‘‘(6) database technology for storing, accessing,
and transmitting patients’ medical records while pro-
tecting the accuracy and privacy of those records.
‘‘(c) HEALTH INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC.—In ac-
cordance with subsection (a), applications related to deliv-
ery of health information to the public shall include—
‘‘(1) development, testing, and evaluation of
database and network technologies for the storage of
consumer-oriented, interactive, multimedia materials
for health promotion, and for the distribution of
such materials to public access points, such as com-
munity health and human service agencies, schools,
and public libraries;
‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop, test, and evalu-
ate the effectiveness and cost efficiency of inter-
active, multimedia materials to assist patients in de-
ciding among health care options;
‘‘(3) development and demonstration of human/
computer interfaces to allow nonspecialists in com-
puting and networking technologies ease of access to
and use of databases of health information and net-
works providing health information services; and
‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of
database and network access technologies to provide
individuals with health information, including health
risk appraisal, preventative medical advice, and dis-
ease treatment options, which is oriented to
nonhealth professionals and which is customized to
take into consideration an individual’s medical his-
tory.
‘‘(d) HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND POPULATION
DATA SETS.—In accordance with subsection (a), applica-
tions for health delivery systems and for gathering popu-
lation data sets shall include—
‘‘(1) testbed networks and software that per-
mits collaborative communication among local public
and private health and human service providers,
such as health centers, clinics, entitlement offices,
and school-based clinics, to enable health and human
service providers to work together in delivering co-
ordinated services for at-risk populations;
‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop high speed com-
munications networks and software for providing
health care providers with—
‘‘(A) immediate, on-line access to up-to-
date clinic-based health promotion and disease
prevention recommendations from the Centers
for Disease Control and other Public Health
Service agencies; and
‘‘(B) a two-way communications link with
prevention specialists in State and local health
departments, and other agencies with informa-
tion germane to clinic-based health promotion
and disease prevention; and
‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of
database technologies to provide clinicians with ac-
cess to information to guide and assist them in pro-
viding diagnosis, providing treatment, and providing
advice regarding health promotion and disease pre-
vention to patients, and to facilitate the gathering of
systematic population data sets in compatible for-
mats on the efficacy of treatments and on national
health trends.
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of
Health and Human Services for the purposes of this sec-
tion, $24,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $70,000,000 for
fiscal year 1995, $82,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,
$94,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $94,000,000 for
fiscal year 1998.
‘‘SEC. 310. APPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIES.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects
to develop technologies for ‘digital libraries’ of electronic
information. The National Science Foundation shall be the
lead agency for implementing the activities required by
this section.
‘‘(b) DIGITAL LIBRARIES.—In accordance with sub-
section (a), activities to support the development of digital
libraries shall include—
‘‘(1) development of advanced data storage sys-
tems capable of storing hundreds of trillions of bits
of data and giving thousands of users simultaneous
and nearly instantaneous access to that information;
‘‘(2) development of high-speed, highly accurate
systems for converting printed text, page images,
graphics, and photographic images into electronic
form;
‘‘(3) development of database software capable
of quickly searching, filtering, and summarizing
large volumes of text, imagery, data, and sound;
‘‘(4) encouragement of the development and
adoption of common standards and, where appro-
priate, common formats for electronic data;
‘‘(5) development of computer-based means to
categorize and organize electronic information in a
variety of formats;
‘‘(6) training of database users and librarians
in the use of and development of electronic
databases;
‘‘(7) development of means for simplifying the
utilization 
of 
networked 
databases 
distributed
around the Nation and around the world; and
‘‘(8) development of visualization methods for
quickly browsing large volumes of imagery.
‘‘(c) DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPES.—In accord-
ance with subsection (a), the Plan shall provide for the
development of prototype digital libraries to serve as
testbeds for the systems, software, standards, and meth-
ods developed under subsection (b). The prototype digital
libraries shall be accessible by the public via the Internet.
In carrying out this subsection, an evaluation shall be con-
ducted of the suitability and utility of distributing elec-
tronic information over the Internet, including cataloging
and evaluating the kinds of uses and determining barriers
that impair use of the Internet for this purpose.
‘‘(d) DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASES OF REMOTE-
SENSING IMAGES.—The National Aeronautics and Space
Administration shall develop databases of software and re-
mote-sensing images to be made available over computer
networks.
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated—
‘‘(1) to the National Science Foundation for the
purposes of this section, $10,000,000 for fiscal year
1994, 
$30,000,000 
for 
fiscal 
year 
1995,
$35,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $44,000,000 for
fiscal year 1997, and $44,000,000 for fiscal year
1998; and
‘‘(2) to the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration for the purposes of this section,
$6,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $16,000,000 for
fiscal year 1995, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,
$20,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $20,000,000
for fiscal year 1998.
‘‘SEC. 311. APPLICATIONS FOR GOVERNMENT INFORMA-
TION.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects
needed to develop and apply high-performance computing
and high-speed networking technologies to provide im-
proved public access to information generated by Federal,
State, and local governments.
‘‘(b) PROJECTS.—In accordance with subsection (a),
projects shall be undertaken which—
‘‘(1) connect depository libraries and other
sources of government information to the Internet to
enable—
‘‘(A) access to Federal Government infor-
mation and databases in electronic formats;
‘‘(B) access to State or local government
information;
‘‘(C) access to related resources which en-
hance the use of government information; and
‘‘(D) linkages with other libraries and in-
stitutions to enhance use of government infor-
mation; and
‘‘(2) demonstrate, test, and evaluate tech-
nologies to increase access to and to facilitate effec-
tive use of government information and databases
for support of research and education, economic de-
velopment, and an informed citizenry.
‘‘(c) FEDERAL INFORMATION LOCATOR.—In accord-
ance with subsection (a), an information locator system
shall be established which is accessible by the public via
the Internet and which provides citations to Federal infor-
mation and guidance on how to obtain such information.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this
section, $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $24,000,000 for
fiscal year 1995, $26,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,
$30,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $30,000,000 for
fiscal year 1998.’’.
SEC. 4. HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLICA-
TIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.
Section 101(b) of the High-Performance Computing
Act of 1991 is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(b) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLI-
CATIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The President shall es-
tablish an advisory committee on high-performance com-
puting and applications consisting of non-Federal mem-
bers, including representatives of the research, elementary
and secondary education, higher education, and library
communities, consumer and public interest groups, net-
work providers, and the computer, telecommunications,
and information industries, who are specially qualified to
provide the Director with advice and information on high-
performance computing and on applications of computing
and networking. The recommendations of the advisory
committee shall be considered in reviewing and revising
the Program described in section 101 and the Plan re-
quired by section 301(2). The advisory committee shall
provide the Director with an independent assessment of—
‘‘(1) progress in implementing the Program de-
scribed in section 101 and the Plan required by sec-
tion 301(2);
‘‘(2) the need to revise the Program described
in section 101 and the Plan required by section
301(2);
‘‘(3) the balance between the components of the
activities undertaken pursuant to this Act;
‘‘(4) whether the research, development and
demonstration projects undertaken pursuant to this
Act are helping to maintain United States leadership
in computing and networking technologies and in the
application of those technologies;
‘‘(5) whether the applications developed under
title III are successfully addressing the needs of the
targeted populations, including assessment of the
number of users served by those applications; and
‘‘(6) other issues identified by the Director.’’.
SEC. 5. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK
AMENDMENTS.
Section 102 of the High-Performance Computing Act
of 1991 is amended to read as follows:
‘‘SEC. 102. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NET-
WORK PROGRAM.
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—As part of the Program de-
scribed in section 101, the National Science Foundation,
the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy,
the Department of Commerce, the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration, and other agencies participat-
ing in the Program shall support the establishment of the
National Research and Education Network Program. The
Network Program shall consist of the following compo-
nents:
‘‘(1) Research and development of networking
software and hardware required for the transmission
of data at a speed of one gigabit per second or
greater.
‘‘(2) Experimental test bed networks for—
‘‘(A) developing and demonstrating ad-
vanced networking technologies resulting from
the activities described in paragraph (1); and
‘‘(B) providing connections for purposes
consistent with this Act which require levels of
network performance not available from pri-
vately operated commercial networks.
‘‘(3) Provision of support for researchers, edu-
cators, and students to obtain access to and use of
the Internet to allow for communication with other
individuals in the research and education commu-
nities and to allow for access to high-performance
computing systems, electronic information resources,
other research facilities, and libraries.
‘‘(b) TEST BED NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS.—The
test bed networks shall—
‘‘(1) be developed and deployed in coordination
with the computer, telecommunications, and infor-
mation industries;
‘‘(2) be designed, developed, and operated in
collaboration with potential users in government, in-
dustry, and research institutions and educational in-
stitutions;
‘‘(3) be designed, developed, and operated in a
manner which fosters and maintains competition and
private 
sector 
investment 
in 
high-speed 
data
networking within the telecommunications industry;
‘‘(4) be designed and operated in a manner
which promotes and encourages research and devel-
opment leading to the creation of commercial data
transmission standards, enabling the establishment
of privately developed high-speed commercial net-
works;
‘‘(5) be designed and operated so as to ensure
the application of laws that provide network and in-
formation resources security, including those that
protect copyright and other intellectual property
rights, and those that control access to data bases
and protect national security;
‘‘(6) have accounting mechanisms which allow
users or groups of users to be charged for their
usage of copyrighted materials available over the test
bed networks and, where appropriate and technically
feasible, for their usage of the test bed networks;
‘‘(7) be interoperable with Federal and non-
Federal computer networks, to the extent appro-
priate, in a way that allows autonomy for each com-
ponent network; and
‘‘(8) be developed by purchasing standard com-
mercial transmission and network services from ven-
dors whenever feasible, and by contracting for cus-
tomized services when not feasible, in order to mini-
mize Federal investment in network hardware.
‘‘(c) NETWORK ACCESS.—The Federal agencies and
departments participating in activities under this section
shall develop a plan with specific goals for implementing
the requirements of subsection (a)(3), including provision
for financial assistance to educational institutions, public
libraries, and other appropriate entities. This plan shall
be submitted to the Congress not later than one year after
the date of enactment of the High Performance Comput-
ing and High Speed Networking Applications Act of 1993.
Each year thereafter, the Director shall report to Congress
on progress in implementing subsection (a)(3).
‘‘(d) RESTRICTION
ON USE
OF TEST BED NET-
WORKS.—(1) The test bed networks shall not be used to
provide services that could otherwise be provided satisfac-
torily using privately operated commercial networks.
‘‘(2) This subsection shall take effect 18 months after
the date of enactment of the High Performance Comput-
ing and High Speed Networking Applications Act of 1993.
‘‘(e) DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS
AGENCY RESPONSIBILITY.—As part of the Program, the
Department of Defense, through the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency, shall support research and de-
velopment of advanced fiber optics technology, switches,
and protocols needed to develop the Network Program.
‘‘(f) INFORMATION SERVICES.—The Director shall
assist the President in coordinating the activities of appro-
priate agencies and departments to promote the develop-