I 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2748 
To encourage the normalization of relations with Israel, and for other 
purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 21, 2021 
Mr. SCHNEIDER (for himself, Mrs. WAGNER, Ms. GARCIA of Texas, Mr. 
MEIJER, Mr. MEEKS, and Mr. MCCAUL) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
A BILL 
To encourage the normalization of relations with Israel, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Israel Relations Nor-
malization Act of 2021’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) Support for peace between Israel and its 
neighbors has longstanding bipartisan support in 
Congress. 
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(2) For decades, the United States Congress 
has promoted Israel’s acceptance among Arab states 
and other relevant countries and regions and has en-
acted numerous laws opposing efforts to boycott, iso-
late, and stigmatize America’s ally, Israel. 
(3) The recent peace and normalization agree-
ments between Israel and several Arab states—the 
United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, and Mo-
rocco—have the potential to fundamentally trans-
form the security, diplomatic, and economic environ-
ment in the Middle East and North Africa and ad-
vance vital United States national security interests. 
(4) These agreements build upon the decades- 
long leadership of the United States Government 
and other governments in helping Israel broker 
peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan and promoting 
peace talks between Israel and Syria, Lebanon, and 
the Palestinians. 
(5) These agreements also build on decades 
long private diplomatic and security engagement be-
tween Israel and countries in the region. 
(6) These normalization and peace agreements 
could begin to transform the region by spurring eco-
nomic growth, enhancing technological innovation, 
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advancing understanding, and forging closer people- 
to-people relations. 
(7) These agreements have the potential to pro-
mote investment, tourism, and direct flights, and 
promote cooperation on security, telecommuni-
cations, technology, energy, healthcare, culture, the 
environment, water security and sustainable develop-
ment. 
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States— 
(1) to expand and strengthen the Abraham Ac-
cords to encourage other nations to normalize rela-
tions with Israel and ensure that existing agree-
ments reap tangible security and economic benefits 
for the citizens of those countries; 
(2) to develop and implement a regional strat-
egy to encourage economic cooperation among Israel, 
Arab states, and the Palestinians to enhance the 
prospects for regional peace, respect for human 
rights, transparent governance, and cooperation to 
address water scarcity, climate solutions, health 
care, sustainable development, and other areas that 
result in benefits for residents of those countries; 
(3) to develop and implement a regional secu-
rity strategy that recognizes the shared threat posed 
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by Iran and violent extremist organizations, ensures 
sufficient United States deterrence in the region, 
builds partner capacity to address shared threats, 
and explores multilateral security arrangements built 
around like-minded partners; 
(4) to support and encourage government-to- 
government and grassroots initiatives aimed at nor-
malizing ties with the state of Israel and promoting 
people-to-people contact between Israelis, Arabs, and 
peoples from other countries and regions, including 
by expanding and enhancing the Abraham Accords; 
(5) to continue to support a negotiated solution 
to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict resulting in two 
states—a democratic Jewish state of Israel and a 
viable democratic Palestinian state—living side by 
side in peace, security, and mutual recognition; 
(6) to implement the Nita M. Lowey Middle 
East Partnership for Peace Act of 2020 (title VIII 
of division K of Public Law 116–260), which sup-
ports economic cooperation and peacebuilding efforts 
among Israelis and Palestinians; 
(7) to oppose efforts to delegitimize the state of 
Israel and legal barriers to normalization of relations 
with Israel; 
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(8) to work to combat anti-Semitism and sup-
port normalization of relations with Israel, including 
by countering anti-Semitic narratives on social 
media and state media and pressing for educational 
curriculum reform; and 
(9) to encourage partnerships and collaboration 
on climate solutions, water, health, sustainable de-
velopment, and other areas. 
SEC. 4. UNITED STATES STRATEGY TO STRENGTHEN AND 
EXPAND ABRAHAM ACCORDS AND OTHER 
NORMALIZATION AGREEMENTS WITH ISRAEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 
the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Adminis-
trator of the United States Agency for International De-
velopment, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of 
other appropriate Federal departments and agencies, shall 
develop and submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a strategy on expanding and strengthening the 
Abraham Accords. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required under sub-
section (a) shall also include each of the following ele-
ments: 
(1) An assessment of future staffing and 
resourcing requirements of entities within the De-
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partment of State, the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Department of De-
fense, and other appropriate Federal departments 
and agencies with responsibility to coordinate United 
States efforts to expand and strengthen the Abra-
ham Accords. 
(2) An assessment of the bilateral and multilat-
eral cooperation between Israel, Arab states, and 
other relevant countries and regions that have nor-
malized relations with Israel, including an assess-
ment of cooperation in the economic, social, cultural, 
scientific, technical, educational, and health fields 
and an assessment of roadblocks to increased co-
operation. 
(3) An assessment of bilateral and multilateral 
security cooperation between Israel, the United 
States, Arab states, and other relevant countries and 
regions that have normalized relations with Israel, 
including potential roadblocks to increased security 
cooperation, interoperability, and information shar-
ing. 
(4) An assessment of the likelihood of addi-
tional Arab states and other relevant countries and 
regions to normalize relations with Israel. 
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(5) An assessment of opportunities created by 
normalization agreements with Israel to advance 
prospects for peace between Israelis and Palestin-
ians. 
(6) A detailed description of how the United 
States Government will leverage diplomatic lines of 
effort and resources from other stakeholders (includ-
ing from foreign governments, international donors, 
and multilateral institutions) to encourage normal-
ization, economic development, and people-to-people 
programming. 
(c) FORM.— 
(1) UNCLASSIFIED MATTER.—Subject to para-
graph (2), the report required by subsection (a) and 
each of the elements described in paragraphs (1) 
through (5) of subsection (b) shall be submitted in 
unclassified form. 
(2) CLASSIFIED ANNEX.—The report required 
by subsection (a) shall also include a classified 
annex, transmitted separately, that contains only the 
matter included in the report pursuant to paragraph 
(6) of subsection (b). 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means— 
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(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; 
and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate. 
SEC. 5. REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO PRO-
MOTE NORMALIZATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 
in coordination with the Administrator of the United 
States Agency for International Development and the 
heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees regarding options for United States inter-
national efforts to promote strengthening of ties between 
Israel, Arab states, and other relevant countries and re-
gions. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required under sub-
section (a) shall also include each of the following ele-
ments: 
(1) A description of options for leveraging con-
tributions of international donors, institutions, and 
partner countries to facilitate people-to-people and 
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