the structure is listed as a landmark on the National 
Register of Historic Places; 
(9) in 1920, 304 Amherst Indians were identi-
fied in the United States census; 
(10) from 1930 through 1931, numerous letters 
from Monacans to the Bureau of the Census re-
sulted from the decision of Dr. Walter Plecker, 
former head of the Bureau of Vital Statistics of the 
Commonwealth of Virginia, not to allow Indians to 
register as Indians for the 1930 census; 
(11) the Monacans eventually succeeded in 
being allowed to claim their race, albeit with an as-
terisk attached to a note from Dr. Plecker stating 
that there were no Indians in Virginia; 
(12) in 1947, D’Arcy McNickle, a Salish In-
dian, saw some of the children at the Amherst Mis-
sion and requested that the Cherokee Agency visit 
them because they appeared to be Indian; 
(13) that letter was forwarded to the Depart-
ment of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, Chi-
cago, Illinois; 
(14) Chief Jarrett Blythe of the Eastern Band 
of Cherokee did visit the Mission and wrote that he 
‘‘would be willing to accept these children in the 
Cherokee school’’; 
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(15) in 1979, a Federal Coalition of Eastern 
Native Americans established the entity known as 
‘‘Monacan Co-operative Pottery’’ at the Amherst 
Mission; 
(16) some important pieces were produced at 
Monacan Co-operative Pottery, including a piece 
that was sold to the Smithsonian Institution; 
(17) the Mattaponi-Pamunkey-Monacan Con-
sortium, established in 1981, has since been orga-
nized as a nonprofit corporation that serves as a ve-
hicle to obtain funds for those Indian tribes from the 
Department of Labor under Native American pro-
grams; 
(18) in 1989, the Monacan Tribe was recog-
nized by the Commonwealth of Virginia, which en-
abled the Tribe to apply for grants and participate 
in other programs; and 
(19) in 1993, the Monacan Tribe received tax- 
exempt status as a nonprofit corporation from the 
Internal Revenue Service. 
SEC. 502. DEFINITIONS. 
In this title: 
(1) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of the Interior. 
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(2) TRIBAL MEMBER.—The term ‘‘tribal mem-
ber’’ means— 
(A) an individual who is an enrolled mem-
ber of the Tribe as of the date of enactment of 
this Act; and 
(B) an individual who has been placed on 
the membership rolls of the Tribe in accordance 
with this title. 
(3) TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Tribe’’ means the Mon-
acan Indian Nation. 
SEC. 503. FEDERAL RECOGNITION. 
(a) FEDERAL RECOGNITION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Federal recognition is ex-
tended to the Tribe. 
(2) APPLICABILITY OF LAWS.—All laws (includ-
ing regulations) of the United States of general ap-
plicability to Indians or nations, Indian tribes, or 
bands of Indians (including the Act of June 18, 
1934 (25 U.S.C. 461 et seq.)) that are not incon-
sistent with this title shall be applicable to the Tribe 
and tribal members. 
(b) FEDERAL SERVICES AND BENEFITS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—On and after the date of en-
actment of this Act, the Tribe and tribal members 
shall be eligible for all services and benefits provided 
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by the Federal Government to federally recognized 
Indian tribes without regard to the existence of a 
reservation for the Tribe. 
(2) SERVICE AREA.—For the purpose of the de-
livery of Federal services to tribal members, the 
service area of the Tribe shall be considered to be 
the area comprised of all land within 25 miles from 
the center of Amherst, Virginia. 
SEC. 504. MEMBERSHIP; GOVERNING DOCUMENTS. 
The membership roll and governing documents of the 
Tribe shall be the most recent membership roll and gov-
erning documents, respectively, submitted by the Tribe to 
the Secretary before the date of enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 505. GOVERNING BODY. 
The governing body of the Tribe shall be— 
(1) the governing body of the Tribe in place as 
of the date of enactment of this Act; or 
(2) any subsequent governing body elected in 
accordance with the election procedures specified in 
the governing documents of the Tribe. 
SEC. 506. RESERVATION OF THE TRIBE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Upon the request of the Tribe, the 
Secretary of the Interior— 
(1) shall take into trust for the benefit of the 
Tribe any land held in fee by the Tribe that was ac-
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quired by the Tribe on or before January 1, 2007, 
if such lands are located within the boundaries of 
Amherst County, Virginia; and 
(2) may take into trust for the benefit of the 
Tribe any land held in fee by the Tribe, if such 
lands are located within the boundaries of Amherst 
County, Virginia, and those parcels in Rockbridge 
County, Virginia (subject to the consent of the local 
unit of government), owned by Mr. J. Poole, de-
scribed as East 731 Sandbridge (encompassing ap-
proximately 4.74 acres) and East 731 (encom-
passing approximately 5.12 acres). 
(b) DEADLINE
FOR DETERMINATION.—The Sec-
retary shall make a final written determination not later 
than three years of the date which the Tribe submits a 
request for land to be taken into trust under subsection 
(a)(2) and shall immediately make that determination 
available to the Tribe. 
(c) RESERVATION STATUS.—Any land taken into 
trust for the benefit of the Tribe pursuant to this para-
graph shall, upon request of the Tribe, be considered part 
of the reservation of the Tribe. 
(d) GAMING.—The Tribe may not conduct gaming ac-
tivities as a matter of claimed inherent authority or under 
the authority of any Federal law, including the Indian 
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