‘‘(2) CONTENT
OF
AGREEMENTS.—Under an 
agreement entered into under paragraph (1), the head 
of a Federal department or agency shall agree to— 
‘‘(A) use the best efforts of the department 
or agency to integrate biosurveillance informa-
tion capabilities through NBIC; 
‘‘(B) provide timely, evaluated information 
to assist the NBIC in maintaining biological sit-
uational awareness for timely and accurate de-
tection and response purposes; 
‘‘(C) provide connectivity for the biosurveil-
lance data systems of the department or agency 
to the NBIC network under mutually agreed pro-
tocols; 
‘‘(D) detail, if practicable, to the NBIC de-
partment or agency personnel with relevant ex-
pertise in human, animal, plant, food, or envi-
ronmental disease analysis and interpretation; 
‘‘(E) retain responsibility for the surveil-
lance and intelligence systems of that department 
or agency, if applicable; and 
‘‘(F) participate in forming the strategy 
and policy for the operation and information 
sharing practices of the NBIC. 
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‘‘(e) NOTIFICATION
OF DIRECTOR.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the Director is notified of homeland secu-
rity information relating to any significant biological 
threat and receives all classified and unclassified reports 
related to such a threat in a timely manner. 
‘‘(f) ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES.— 
‘‘(1) PRIVACY.—The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(A) designate the NBIC as a public health 
authority; 
‘‘(B) ensure that the NBIC complies with 
any applicable requirements of the Health Insur-
ance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996; 
and 
‘‘(C) ensure that all applicable privacy reg-
ulations are strictly adhered to in the operation 
of the NBIC and the sharing of any information 
related to the NBIC. 
‘‘(2) COLLECTION OF INFORMATION.—The NBIC, 
as a public health authority with a public health mis-
sion, is authorized to collect or receive health informa-
tion, including such information protected under the 
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 
of 1996, for the purpose of preventing or controlling 
disease, injury, or disability. 
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‘‘(g) NBIC INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.—The Di-
rector shall— 
‘‘(1) establish an interagency working group to 
facilitate interagency cooperation to advise the Direc-
tor on recommendations to enhance the biosurveil-
lance capabilities of the Department; and 
‘‘(2) invite officials of Federal agencies that con-
duct biosurveillance programs, including officials of 
the departments and agencies with which the Sec-
retary has entered into an agreement under subsection 
(d), to participate in the working group. 
‘‘(h) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than De-
cember 31 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to Con-
gress a report that contains each of the following: 
‘‘(1) A list of departments, agencies, and private 
or nonprofit entities participating in the NBIC and 
a description of the data that each entity has contrib-
uted to the NBIC during the preceding fiscal year. 
‘‘(2) The schedule for obtaining access to any rel-
evant biosurveillance information not received by the 
NBIC as of the date on which the report is submitted. 
‘‘(3) A list of Federal, State, and local govern-
ment entities and private sector entities that have di-
rect or indirect access to the information that is inte-
grated by the NBIC. 
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‘‘(4) For any year before the NBIC is fully im-
plemented or any year in which any major structural 
or institutional change is made to the NBIC, an im-
plementation plan for the NBIC that includes cost, 
schedule, key milestones, and the status of such mile-
stones. 
‘‘(i) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER DEPARTMENTS AND 
AGENCIES.—The authority of the Secretary under this sec-
tion shall not affect an authority or responsibility of any 
other Federal department or agency with respect to bio-
surveillance activities under any program administered by 
that department or agency. 
‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such 
sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year. 
‘‘(k) BIOLOGICAL EVENT.—For purposes of this sec-
tion, the term ‘biological event’ means— 
‘‘(1) an act of terrorism involving biological 
agents or toxins of known or unknown origin; or 
‘‘(2) a naturally occurring outbreak of an infec-
tious disease that may be of potential national sig-
nificance.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents in 
section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the 
items relating to such title the following: 
‘‘Sec. 316. National Biosurveillance Integration Center.’’. 
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(c) DEADLINE FOR IMPLEMENTATION.—The National 
Biosurveillance Integration Center required under section 
316 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by 
subsection (a), shall be fully operational by not later than 
September 30, 2008. 
SEC. 605. RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS AND INTEGRATED CBRN 
RISK ASSESSMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 317. RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS AND INTEGRATED 
CBRN RISK ASSESSMENT. 
‘‘(a) RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS.—The Secretary shall 
develop a risk analysis process that utilizes a scientific, 
quantitative methodology to assess and manage risks posed 
by chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) 
agents. 
‘‘(b) INTEGRATED CBRN RISK ASSESSMENT.—The 
Secretary shall use the process developed under subsection 
(a) to conduct a risk assessment that shall support the inte-
gration of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear 
agents. 
‘‘(c) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the risk analysis proc-
ess developed under subsection (a) and the integrated risk 
assessment conducted under subsection (b) shall be to iden-
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tify high risk agents, determine how best to mitigate those 
risks, and guide resource allocation. Such risk analysis 
shall— 
‘‘(1) facilitate satisfaction of the requirements of 
section 602; 
‘‘(2) guide research, development, acquisition, 
and deployment of applicable countermeasures, in-
cluding detection systems; 
‘‘(3) 
identify 
key 
knowledge 
gaps 
or 
vulnerabilities in the CBRN defense posture of the De-
partment; 
‘‘(4) enable rebalancing and refining of invest-
ments within individual classes of threat agents as 
well as across such classes; and 
‘‘(5) support end-to-end assessments of the over-
all CBRN defense policy of the Department, taking 
into account the full spectrum of countermeasures 
available, including prevention, preparedness, plan-
ning, response and recovery activities, to better steer 
investments to strategies with the greatest potential 
for mitigating identified risks. 
‘‘(d) RISK INFORMATION.— 
‘‘(1) CLASSES OF THREAT AGENTS.—In devel-
oping the risk analysis process under subsection (a) 
and conducting the risk assessment under subsection 
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(b), the Secretary shall consider risks posed by the fol-
lowing classes of threats: 
‘‘(A) Chemical threats, including— 
‘‘(i) toxic industrial materials and 
chemicals; 
‘‘(ii) 
traditional 
chemical 
warfare 
agents; and 
‘‘(iii) non-traditional agents, which 
are defined as novel chemical threat agents 
or toxicants requiring adapted counter-
measures. 
‘‘(B) Biological threats, including— 
‘‘(i) traditional agents listed by the 
Centers of Disease Control and Prevention 
as Category A, B, and C pathogens and tox-
ins; 
‘‘(ii) enhanced agents, which are de-
fined as traditional agents that have been 
modified or selected to enhance their ability 
to harm human populations or circumvent 
current countermeasures; 
‘‘(iii) emerging agents, which are de-
fined as previously unrecognized pathogens 
that may be naturally occurring and 
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present a serious risk to human popu-
lations; and 
‘‘(iv) advanced or engineered agents, 
which are defined as novel pathogens or 
other materials of biological nature that 
have been artificially engineered in the lab-
oratory to bypass traditional counter-
measures or produce a more severe or other-
wise enhanced spectrum of disease. 
‘‘(C) Nuclear and radiological threats, in-
cluding fissile and other radiological material 
that could be incorporated into an improvised 
nuclear device or a radiological dispersal device 
or released into a wide geographic area by dam-
age to a nuclear reactor. 
‘‘(D) Threats to the agriculture sector and 
food and water supplies. 
‘‘(E) Other threat agents the Secretary de-
termines appropriate. 
‘‘(2) SOURCES.—The risk analysis process devel-
oped under subsection (a) shall be informed by find-
ings of the intelligence and law enforcement commu-
nities and integrated with expert input from the sci-
entific, medical, and public health communities, in-
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