I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3653 
To provide the President with authority to enter into a comprehensive trade 
agreement with the United Kingdom, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 24, 2023 
Mr. SMITH of Nebraska (for himself and Mr. HIMES) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in 
addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently de-
termined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 
as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To provide the President with authority to enter into a 
comprehensive trade agreement with the United King-
dom, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Undertaking Negotia-
tions on Investment and Trade for Economic Dynamism 
Act’’ or the ‘‘UNITED Act’’. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(1) the United States should pursue more open 
trade and investment relationships with its allies to 
strengthen the economy of the United States, im-
prove the standard of living of the people of the 
United States, and advance the strategic interests of 
the United States; 
(2) agreements to reduce or eliminate barriers 
to trade and investment between the United States 
and its allies will foster mutually beneficial economic 
relationships that advance the economic interests of 
workers, farmers, ranchers, and businesses of all 
sizes in the United States; 
(3) the shared values and long history of the 
‘‘special relationship’’ between the United States and 
the United Kingdom present a unique opportunity to 
deepen the mutually beneficial economic and stra-
tegic relationship between those countries and fur-
ther expand prosperity for the citizens of those coun-
tries; 
(4) a high-standard, comprehensive trade agree-
ment between the United States and the United 
Kingdom would help strengthen that relationship, 
improve the economic prospects of people in both 
countries, increase the resilience of critical supply 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
chains, and create export opportunities for busi-
nesses of all sizes; 
(5) the efforts of the United States-United 
Kingdom Trade and Investment Working Group and 
the bilateral negotiations initiated by President Don-
ald Trump have laid groundwork toward a com-
prehensive trade agreement; 
(6) the United States-United Kingdom Dia-
logue on the Future of Atlantic Trade initiated by 
President Joe Biden continues longstanding efforts 
to improve economic cooperation between the United 
States and the United Kingdom; 
(7) the robust labor and environmental protec-
tions in the United Kingdom reduce the risk of regu-
latory arbitrage that undercuts workers and busi-
nesses in the United States; 
(8) Congress passed the USMCA with over-
whelming bipartisan support, setting high standards 
in North America with respect to labor rights, the 
environment, intellectual property, non-market prac-
tices, and services, and those standards should in-
form future negotiations; 
(9) trade agreements with foreign trading part-
ners that share the values and ambition of the 
United States offer an opportunity to build on the 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(A) enable the swift negotiation and pas-
sage through Congress of such an agreement; 
and 
(B) be narrowly tailored to provide clear 
direction to the executive branch of the United 
States Government. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) USMCA.—The term ‘‘USMCA’’ means the 
Agreement between the United States of America, 
the United Mexican States, and Canada, which is— 
(A) attached as an Annex to the Protocol 
Replacing the North American Free Trade 
Agreement with the Agreement between the 
United States of America, the United Mexican 
States, and Canada, done at Buenos Aires on 
November 30, 2018, as amended by the Pro-
tocol of Amendment to the Agreement Between 
the United States of America, the United Mexi-
can States, and Canada, done at Mexico City 
on December 10, 2019; and 
(B) approved by Congress under section 
101(a)(1) of the United States-Mexico-Canada 
Agreement Implementation Act (19 U.S.C. 
4511(a)). 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(2) UNITED
KINGDOM.—The term ‘‘United 
Kingdom’’ means the United Kingdom of Great 
Britain and Northern Ireland. 
SEC. 4. NEGOTIATING AND TRADE AGREEMENTS AUTHOR-
ITY FOR COMPREHENSIVE AGREEMENT WITH 
THE UNITED KINGDOM. 
(a) INITIATION OF NEGOTIATIONS.—Not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, in 
order to enhance the economic well-being of the United 
States, the President shall seek to initiate negotiations 
with the United Kingdom regarding tariff and nontariff 
barriers affecting any industry, product, or service sector. 
(b) 
AUTHORITY
FOR
COMPREHENSIVE
TRADE 
AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED KINGDOM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—To strengthen the economic 
competitiveness of the United States, the President 
may enter into a comprehensive trade agreement 
with the United Kingdom regarding tariff and non-
tariff barriers affecting trade between the United 
States and United Kingdom. 
(2) TERMINATION
OF
AUTHORITY.—The au-
thority under paragraph (1) terminates on March 1, 
2025. 
(c) MODIFICATIONS PERMITTED.— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 
the President may proclaim such modification or 
continuance of any existing duty, continuance of ex-
isting duty-free or excise treatment, or such addi-
tional duties as the President determines to be re-
quired or appropriate to carry out an agreement en-
tered into under subsection (b). 
(2) LIMITATIONS.— 
(A) MODIFICATIONS
OR
ADDITIONS
TO 
AGREEMENT.—Substantial modifications to, or 
substantial additional provisions of, an agree-
ment entered into after March 1, 2025, are not 
covered by the authority under paragraph (1). 
(B) AMOUNT OF DUTY MODIFICATION.— 
No proclamation may be made under paragraph 
(1) that— 
(i) reduces any rate of duty (other 
than a rate of duty that does not exceed 5 
percent ad valorem on the date of the en-
actment of this Act) to a rate of duty that 
is less than 50 percent of the rate of such 
duty that applies on such date of enact-
ment; 
(ii) reduces the rate of duty below 
that applicable under the Uruguay Round 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
Agreements (as defined in section 2(7) of 
the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 
U.S.C. 3501)) or a successor agreement, 
on any import sensitive agricultural prod-
uct; or 
(iii) increases any rate of duty above 
the rate that applied on the date of the en-
actment of this Act. 
(d) CONSULTATION WITH
AND NOTIFICATION
TO 
CONGRESS.—To ensure the alignment of the trade policy 
priorities of Congress with the content of any agreement 
under this section, the President shall consult with Con-
gress before and throughout negotiations initiated under 
subsection (a) and shall notify Congress of the intention 
of the President to enter into an agreement under sub-
section (b) or to make a proclamation under subsection 
(c). 
(e) BILLS QUALIFYING FOR TRADE AUTHORITIES 
PROCEDURES.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTING BILLS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The provisions of sec-
tion 151 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 
2191) apply to a bill of either House of Con-
gress that contains provisions described in sub-
paragraph (B) to the same extent as such sec-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
tion 151 applies to implementing bills under 
that section. A bill to which this paragraph ap-
plies shall hereafter in this section be referred 
to as an ‘‘implementing bill’’. 
(B) PROVISIONS
SPECIFIED.—The provi-
sions described in this subparagraph are— 
(i) a provision approving a trade 
agreement entered into under this section 
and approving the statement of adminis-
trative action, if any, proposed to imple-
ment such trade agreement; and 
(ii) if changes in existing laws or new 
statutory authority are required to imple-
ment such trade agreement, only such pro-
visions as are strictly necessary or appro-
priate to implement such trade agreement, 
either repealing or amending existing laws 
or providing new statutory authority. 
(2) DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSION OF BILL.—The 
procedures under paragraph (1) apply to imple-
menting bills submitted with respect to a trade 
agreement entered into under this section before 
March 1, 2025. 
(f) LIMITATION ON WAIVER, SUSPENSION, OR TER-
MINATION.—An agreement entered into under this section 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
shall not be waived, suspended, or terminated, in whole 
or in part, with respect to the United States without the 
express approval by Congress of such termination. 
(g) RELATIONSHIP TO BIPARTISAN CONGRESSIONAL 
TRADE
PRIORITIES
AND
ACCOUNTABILITY
ACT
OF 
2015.—An agreement under this section shall not enter 
into force with respect to the United States and an imple-
menting bill shall not qualify for trade authorities proce-
dures under subsection (e), including an agreement that 
does not require changes to United States law or an imple-
menting bill in connection therewith, unless the following 
requirements under the Bipartisan Congressional Trade 
Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 (19 U.S.C. 4201 
et seq.) are carried out with respect to that agreement 
or implementing bill to the same extent as would be re-
quired of an agreement entered into under section 103(b) 
of that Act (19 U.S.C. 4202(b)), notwithstanding the expi-
ration of authority to enter into an agreement under such 
section 103(b): 
(1) The trade negotiating objectives under sec-
tion 102 of that Act (19 U.S.C. 4201). 
(2) The congressional oversight and consulta-
tion requirements under section 104 of that Act (19 
U.S.C. 4203). 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(3) The notification, consultation, and reporting 
requirements under section 105 of that Act (19 
U.S.C. 4204). 
(4) The implementation procedures under sec-
tion 106 of that Act (19 U.S.C. 4205). 
(5) The provisions related to sovereignty under 
section 108 of that Act (19 U.S.C. 4207). 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:58 Jun 16, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\H3653.IH
H3653
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB