datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
I 
110TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 5195 
To suspend temporarily the duty on Red 30-kilovolt high-frequency cable, 
30 square millimeters. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 29, 2008 
Mrs. TAUSCHER introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Ways and Means 
A BILL 
To suspend temporarily the duty on Red 30-kilovolt high- 
frequency cable, 30 square millimeters. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. RED 30-KILOVOLT HIGH-FREQUENCY CABLE, 30 
SQUARE MILLIMETERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter II of chapter 99 of 
the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States is 
amended by inserting in numerical sequence the following 
new heading: 
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(b) RESEARCH.—Subject to section 4, the Secretary 
of Defense shall conduct and fund, in consultation with 
the Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Insti-
tutes of Health, and the National Academy of Sciences, 
such research as is necessary to develop the plan described 
in subsection (a). 
(c) OUTREACH AND EDUCATION.— 
(1) TRAINING PROGRAM FOR OFFICERS.—The 
Secretary of Defense shall develop and implement a 
training program to educate and promote under-
standing and awareness among commissioned offi-
cers and non-commissioned officers about the signs 
and risks of combat stress as well as the signs and 
risks of stress-related psychopathology (including 
substance use conditions). Training should include 
decision-making tools for making a referral for fol-
low-up care. 
(2) TRAINING PROGRAM FOR MEDICAL PROFES-
SIONALS.—The Secretary of Defense shall develop 
and implement a training program to educate front- 
line medical professionals and primary care pro-
viders about the signs and risks of combat stress as 
well as the signs and risks of stress-related psycho-
pathology (including substance use conditions). 
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I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3257 
To amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to improve 
standards for physical education. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 31, 2007 
Mr. KIND (for himself, Mr. WAMP, and Mr. INSLEE) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor 
A BILL 
To amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
of 1965 to improve standards for physical education. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Fitness Integrated 
with Teaching Kids Act’’ or the ‘‘FIT Kids Act’’. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) STATE EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.—The term 
‘‘State educational agency’’ has the meaning given 
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I 
110TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6024 
To direct the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner 
of Reclamation, to assess the irrigation infrastructure of the Rio Grande 
Pueblos in the State of New Mexico and provide grants to, and enter 
into cooperative agreements with, the Rio Grande Pueblos to repair, 
rehabilitate, or reconstruct existing infrastructure, and for other pur-
poses. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 12, 2008 
Mr. UDALL of New Mexico introduced the following bill; which was referred 
to the Committee on Natural Resources 
A BILL 
To direct the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the 
Commissioner of Reclamation, to assess the irrigation 
infrastructure of the Rio Grande Pueblos in the State 
of New Mexico and provide grants to, and enter into 
cooperative agreements with, the Rio Grande Pueblos 
to repair, rehabilitate, or reconstruct existing infrastruc-
ture, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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I
107TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 394
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow employers a credit
against income tax with respect to employees who participate in the
military reserves, to allow a comparable credit for participating self-
employed individuals, and to restore the pre-1986 status of deductions
incurred in connection with services performed as a member of a Reserve
component of the Armed Forces.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY 6, 2001
Mr. NETHERCUTT (for himself, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. REYES, Ms. DUNN, Mr. WAT-
KINS, Mr. DOYLE, Mrs. EMERSON, Mr. ENGLISH, and Mrs. THURMAN)
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on
Ways and Means
A BILL
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow em-
ployers a credit against income tax with respect to em-
ployees who participate in the military reserves, to allow
a comparable credit for participating self-employed indi-
viduals, and to restore the pre-1986 status of deductions
incurred in connection with services performed as a mem-
ber of a Reserve component of the Armed Forces.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
107TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION
H. R. 3954
AN ACT
To designate certain waterways in the Caribbean
National Forest in the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico as components of the National Wild and
Scenic Rivers System, and for other purposes.
H.L.C.
AMENDMENT IN THE NATURE OF A SUBSTITUTE
TO H.R. 1405
OFFERED BY MR. LANTOS OF CALIFORNIA
Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the
following:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Wildlife Global Animal
Information Network for Surveillance Act’’ or ‘‘Wildlife
GAINS Act’’.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress finds that—
(1) the ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic
avian influenza (HPAI) strain H5N1 in Asia and
Eurasia is a threat to global human health and the
global poultry industry;
(2) the HPAI virus is capable of causing mas-
sive avian die-offs, and response can easily involve
the culling of tens of millions of domestic poultry or
domestic waterfowl, resulting in significant economic
losses;
(3) the fatality rate due to infection in humans
may be 30 to 50 percent or more;
H.L.C.
(4) it has long been known that wild birds are
a reservoir host for avian influenza viruses world-
wide;
(5) the 1918 pandemic, the most lethal of the
three pandemics that killed over 40,000,000 people
worldwide, was caused by an influenza virus that ini-
tially jumped directly from birds to humans and sub-
sequently evolved an ability to transmit from
human-to-human;
(6) this precedent for an avian influenza virus
to transmit directly from birds to humans, then
spread among humans, significantly raises the con-
cern about the current H5N1 influenza strain;
(7) increased surveillance, including on migra-
tory birds, is critical to controlling avian influenza
and preparing for other potential emerging infec-
tious diseases;
(8) the capacity to proactively detect the
threats could result in significantly improved disease
prediction and prevention capabilities;
(9) international wildlife health surveillance
does not clearly fall under the jurisdiction of any
Federal or international agency;
H.L.C.
(10) there is a continued inability to share real-
time data across the human, agricultural, wildlife,
and veterinary agencies on zoonotic threats;
(11) while surveillance at domestic poultry and
domestic waterfowl production facilities and farms is
an immediate and on-going monitoring need and is
being supported through relevant agencies, surveil-
lance in wild bird populations that may have been
exposed to the virus is a critical component to deter-
mine the spread of the virus, implement control
measures, and protect human, livestock, and wildlife
health;
(12) monitoring and surveillance of wild migra-
tory and resident water birds are critically important
to identifying all strains of influenza viruses in wild
birds as a library of possible genotypes, determining
their role in the spread of the virus, and anticipating
where outbreaks may occur to enhance preparedness;
(13) improving surveillance of wildlife health
around the world would close significant jurisdic-
tional and scientific gaps in current emerging infec-
tious disease preparedness;
(14) other emerging diseases beyond bird flu
merit similar attention, in terms of the potential
H.L.C.
threats 
to 
global 
public 
health 
as 
well 
as
agribiosecurity and biodiversity;
(15) the majority of emerging infectious dis-
eases identified in the past several decades have
moved from wildlife to humans, largely due to
human incursions into or alterations of wildlife habi-
tats and hunting, consumption, and trade of wildlife
species;
(16) the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
virus moved from chimpanzees to humans via these
mechanisms;
(17) many factors contribute to disease emer-
gence and spread from wildlife to domestic animals
and humans, including environmental degradation
and the handling, consumption, and trade of wildlife
and wildlife-derived products;
(18) from avian influenza to the severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS), from bovine tuber-
culosis to the Ebola virus, and from HIV/AIDS to
monkey pox, a long list of zoonotic diseases nega-
tively impacts people’s lives and livelihoods and costs
the global economy billions of dollars; and
(19) the Government of the United States lacks
a comprehensive program to monitor wildlife health
around the world, a program that could proactively
H.L.C.
inform preparedness not just in the case of a poten-
tial H5N1 influenza strain pandemic, but also for a
broader array of emerging infectious disease threats
that often arise at the interface between wildlife, hu-
mans, and their domestic animals.
SEC. 3. PURPOSE.
The purpose of this Act is to establish and maintain
a Wildlife Global Animal Information Network for
Surveillance—
(1) to more rapidly and efficiently detect,
verify, and report on the presence of infectious dis-
eases, such as highly pathogenic avian influenza, in
birds and other wildlife around the world;
(2) to use information on pathogens found dur-
ing surveillance of wildlife to better delineate poten-
tial threats to domestic animals, humans, as well as
wildlife itself;
(3) to use information on when and where
HPAI and other pathogens of concern are identified
in wildlife—
(A) to better guide preparedness in the
United States and around the world; and
(B) to carry out a strategic wildlife health
surveillance initiative that will provide regions,
countries, and specific locations with early
H.L.C.
warning information that will help target re-
sources toward enhancement of agribiosecurity,
surveillance, public health vigilance, and related
areas;
(4) to create an open access database within
which information on HPAI and other pathogens of
interest identified in wild birds and other wildlife
can be shared as close to real time as possible;
(5) to protect the health and safety of United
States citizens and officials traveling or living
abroad; and
(6) to protect the economic interests of the
United States and its partners from threats to
health, agriculture, and natural resources, including
wildlife itself.
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the United
States Agency for International Development, acting
through one or more eligible organizations.
(2) ELIGIBLE ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘eligi-
ble organization’’ means an organization chartered
in the United States with—
100
H.L.C.
(A) extensive global wildlife health experi-
ence in tracking disease in wild birds and other
wildlife, including free-ranging, captive, and
wild bird species;
(B) proven ability in identifying avian in-
fluenza, Ebola virus, and other pathogens in
wild birds or other wildlife;
(C) experience managing and implementing
similar wildlife surveillance activities; and
(D) accredited zoological facilities in the
United States.
(3) HPAI.—The term ‘‘HPAI’’ means highly
pathogenic avian influenza.
(4) WILDLIFE
GAINS.—The term ‘‘Wildlife
GAINS’’ means the Wildlife Global Animal Informa-
tion Network for Surveillance established under sec-
tion 5(a).
(5) WILDLIFE
GAINS
PARTNERS.—The term
‘‘Wildlife GAINS partners’’ means the partners of
the Wildlife GAINS described in section 5(b).
SEC. 5. WILDLIFE GLOBAL ANIMAL INFORMATION NET-
WORK FOR SURVEILLANCE.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE.—The Adminis-
trator, acting through one or more eligible organizations,
is authorized to establish and maintain a program to im-
112
In addition and without objection, the chairman is authorized to 
seek consideration of the following bills under suspension of the 
rules and the amendments to those measures, which the members 
have before them, shall be deemed adopted: H. Con. Res. 100, con-
demning the recent violent actions of the Government of Zimbabwe 
against peaceful opposition party activists and members of civil so-
ciety; H. Res. 100, expressing the sympathy of the House of Rep-
resentatives to the families of women and girls murdered in Guate-
mala and encouraging the Government of Guatemala to bring an 
end to these horrendous crimes; H. Res. 125, expressing deep con-
cern over the use of civilians as ‘‘human shields,’’ in violation of 
international humanitarian law and the law of war during armed 
conflict, including Hezbollah’s tactic of embedding its forces among 
civilians to use them as human shields during the summer of 2006 
conflict between Hezbollah and the State of Israel; H. Res. 158, ob-
serving the 200th anniversary of the abolition of the British slave 
trade and encouraging the people of the United States, particularly 
the youth of the United States, to remember the life and legacy of 
William Wilberforce; H. Res. 196, supporting the goals and ideals 
of World Water Day; H. Res. 240, urging all member countries of 
the International Commission of the International Tracing Service 
who have yet to ratify the May 2006 Amendments to the 1955 
Bonn Accords Treaty, to expedite the ratification process to allow 
the open access to the Holocaust archives located at Bad Arolsen 
in Germany; and, finally, H. Res. 267, calling for the immediate 
and unconditional release of British marines and sailors held cap-
tive by Iran, and for other purposes. 
[The information referred to follows:]
123
H.L.C.
directly assisted to find an urgent solution to the crisis
that affects the entire region.’’;
Whereas Zambian President, Levy Mwanawasa, has urged
southern Africa to take a new approach to Zimbabwe in-
stead of the failed ‘‘quiet diplomacy’’, which he likened
to a ‘‘sinking Titanic,’’ and stated that ‘‘quiet diplomacy
has failed to help solve the political chaos and economic
meltdown in Zimbabwe’’;
Whereas European Union and African, Caribbean, and Pa-
cific lawmakers strongly condemned the latest attack on
an opposition official in Zimbabwe and urged the govern-
ment in Harare to cooperate with the political opposition
to restore the rule of law; and
Whereas United States Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Chris-
topher Dell, warned that opposition to President Robert
Mugabe had reached a tipping point because the people
no longer feared the regime and believed they had noth-
ing left to lose: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate
concurring), That—
(1) it is the sense of Congress that—
(A) the state-sponsored violence taking
place in Zimbabwe represents a serious viola-
tion of fundamental human rights and the rule
of law and should be condemned by all respon-
sible governments, civic organizations, religious
leaders, and international bodies; and
(B) the Government of Zimbabwe has not
lived up to its commitments as a signatory to
124
H.L.C.
the Constitutive Act of the African Union and
African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights
which enshrine commitment to human rights
and good governance as foundational principles
of African states; and
(2) Congress—
(A) 
condemns 
the 
Government 
of
Zimbabwe’s violent suppression of political and
human rights through its police force, security
forces, and youth militia that deliberately inflict
gross physical harm, intimidation, and abuse on
those legitimately protesting the failing policies
of the government;
(B) holds those individual police, security
force members, and militia involved in abuse
and torture responsible for the acts that they
have committed;
(C) condemns the harassment and intimi-
dation of lawyers attempting to carry out their
professional obligations to their clients and re-
peated failure by police to comply promptly with
court decisions;
(D) condemns the harassment of foreign
officials, journalists, human rights workers, and
others, including threatening their expulsion
125
H.L.C.
from the country if they continue to provide
food and water to victims detained in prison
and in police custody while in the hospital;
(E) commends United States Ambassador
Christopher Dell and other United States Gov-
ernment officials and foreign officials for their
support to political detainees and victims of tor-
ture and abuse while in police custody or in
medical care centers and encourages them to
continue providing such support;
(F) calls on the Government of Zimbabwe
to cease immediately its violent campaign
against fundamental human rights, to respect
the courts and members of the legal profession,
and to restore the rule of law while adhering to
the principles embodied in an accountable de-
mocracy, including freedom of association and
freedom of expression;
(G) calls on the Government of Zimbabwe
to cease illegitimate interference in travel
abroad by its citizens, especially for humani-
tarian purposes; and
(H) calls on the leaders of the Southern
Africa Development Community (SADC) and
the African Union to consult urgently with all
126
H.L.C.
Zimbabwe stakeholders to intervene with the
Government of Zimbabwe while applying appro-
priate pressures to resolve the economic and po-
litical crisis.
132
•HRES 100 IH
improper investigatory methods, threats against
human rights activists, and the use of torture with
respect to cases involving the murder and abduction
of women and girls in Guatemala;
(10) encourages the Secretary of State to urge
the Government of Guatemala to hold accountable
those law enforcement and judicial officials whose
failure to investigate and prosecute the murders ade-
quately, whether through negligence, omission, or
abuse, has led to impunity for these crimes;
(11) encourages the Secretary of State to sup-
port and urge the Government of Guatemala to take
measures to ensure that the special Guatemalan po-
lice and prosecutorial units have an adequate num-
ber of appropriately trained personnel with sufficient
resources to conduct thorough and proper investiga-
tions and prosecutions that reflect the gravity and
magnitude of this national security crisis;
(12) recommends that the United States Am-
bassador to Guatemala continue to meet with the
families of the victims, women’s rights organizations,
and Guatemalan officials responsible for inves-
tigating these crimes and preventing such future
crimes; and
133
•HRES 100 IH
(13) recommends that the Secretary of State
develop a comprehensive plan to address and combat
the growing problem of violence against women in
Latin America.
Æ
134
IV
110TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. RES. 125
Expressing deep concern over the use of civilians as ‘‘human shields’’ in
violation of international humanitarian law and the law of war during
armed conflict, including Hezbollah’s tactic of embedding its forces
among civilians to use them as human shields during the summer of
2006 conflict between Hezbollah and the State of Israel.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY 5, 2007
Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN (for herself, Mr. KLEIN of Florida, Mr. PENCE, Mr. BUR-
TON of Indiana, Mr. MANZULLO, Mr. TANCREDO, Mr. CHABOT, Mr.
SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. SHERMAN, and Mr. FORTUN˜O) submitted the
following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs
RESOLUTION
Expressing deep concern over the use of civilians as ‘‘human
shields’’ in violation of international humanitarian law
and the law of war during armed conflict, including
Hezbollah’s tactic of embedding its forces among civilians
to use them as human shields during the summer of
2006 conflict between Hezbollah and the State of Israel.
Whereas the term ‘‘human shields’’ refers to the use of civil-
ians, prisoners of war, or other noncombatants whose
mere presence is designed to protect combatants and ob-
jects from attack;
135
•HRES 125 IH
Whereas the use of human shields violates international hu-
manitarian law and the law of war;
Whereas throughout the summer of 2006 conflict with the
State of Israel, Hezbollah forces utilized human shields
to protect themselves from counterattacks by Israeli
forces;
Whereas the majority of civilian casualties of that conflict
might have been avoided and civilian lives saved had
Hezbollah not employed this tactic;
Whereas the news media made constant mention of civilian
casualties but rarely pointed to the culpability, under
international law, of Hezbollah for their endangerment of
such civilians;
Whereas United States and international leaders attempted
to call the use of human shields to the world’s attention;
Whereas on August 11, 2006, Secretary of State Condoleezza
Rice stated, ‘‘Hezbollah and its sponsors have brought
devastation upon the people of Lebanon, dragging them
into a war that they did not choose, and exploiting them
as human shields . . .’’;
Whereas on August 14, 2006, President George W. Bush
stated, ‘‘Hezbollah terrorists targeted Israeli civilians
with daily rocket attacks. Hezbollah terrorists used Leba-
nese civilians as human shields, sacrificing the innocent
in an effort to protect themselves from Israeli
response . . .’’;
Whereas Jan Egeland, United Nations Undersecretary-Gen-
eral for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Co-
ordinator, accused Hezbollah of ‘‘cowardly blending . . .
among women and children’’;
136
•HRES 125 IH
Whereas Additional Protocol I, Article 50(1) to the Geneva
Convention defines civilian as, ‘‘[a]ny person who does
not belong to one of the categories of persons referred to
in Article 4(A)(1), (2), (3), and (6) of the Third Conven-
tion and in Article 43 of this Protocol. In the case of
doubt whether a person is a civilian, that person shall be
considered a civilian.’’;
Whereas Additional Protocol I, Article 51(7) to the Geneva
Convention states, ‘‘[T]he presence or movement of the
civilian population or individual civilians shall not be used
to render certain points or areas immune from military
operations, in particular in attempts to shield military ob-
jectives from attacks or to shield, favour or impede mili-
tary operations. The Parties to the conflict shall not di-
rect the movement of the civilian population or individual
civilians in order to attempt to shield military objectives
from attacks or to shield military operations.’’; and
Whereas Convention IV, Article 28, Relative to the Protection
of Civilian Persons in Time of War of the Geneva Con-
vention states, ‘‘The presence of a protected person may
not be used to render certain points or areas immune
from military operations.’’: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, That the House of Representatives—
(1) strongly condemns the use of innocent civil-
ians as human shields, including Hezbollah’s use of
this brutal and illegal tactic during the summer of
2006 conflict with Israel;
(2) calls on the international community to rec-
ognize the grave breaches of international law
through the use of human shields; and
137
•HRES 125 IH
(3) calls on the community of United States
and international jurisprudential scholars and prac-
titioners and the leadership of the Armed Forces to
review the current international legal regime and to
make recommendations to prevent the future use of
human shields during armed conflicts.
Æ