IV 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 1562 
Condemning President Erdogan and his regime for issuing destabilizing state-
ments following the attacks on the State of Israel on October 7, 2023, 
endangering the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s mission, threat-
ening the territorial integrity of neighboring countries, supporting ter-
rorism, and fostering antisemitic behavior around the globe. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
NOVEMBER 1, 2024 
Ms. TITUS (for herself, Mr. SCHNEIDER, and Mr. BILIRAKIS) submitted the 
following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Condemning President Erdogan and his regime for issuing 
destabilizing statements following the attacks on the 
State of Israel on October 7, 2023, endangering the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s mission, threat-
ening the territorial integrity of neighboring countries, 
supporting terrorism, and fostering antisemitic behavior 
around the globe. 
Whereas Recep Tayyip Erdog˘an has led the Republic of 
Tu¨rkiye as Prime Minister from 2003 until 2014, and 
President since 2014; 
Whereas statements made by President Erdog˘an and his re-
gime have been sympathetic to Hamas, a United States- 
designated foreign terrorist organization, in its war to de-
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•HRES 1562 IH 
stroy Israel, emboldening malign groups that do not sup-
port democracy; 
Whereas antisemitic statements made by President Erdog˘an 
and his regime risk motivating nefarious actors seeking 
to undermine the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO) as weak and divided; 
Whereas inflammatory statements on behalf of the Republic 
of Tu¨rkiye may perpetuate the rising trend of anti-
semitism throughout the world; 
Whereas the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) reported that 
antisemitic incidents in the United States skyrocketed 
360 percent following the Hamas attack on Israel; 
Whereas, in October 2023, President Erdog˘an stated that 
‘‘Hamas is not a terrorist organization, it is a liberation 
group’’; 
Whereas, in November 2023, President Erdog˘an called Israeli 
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ‘‘the butcher of 
Gaza’’ without mention of Hamas atrocities in the region 
such as their execution of approximately 1,200 innocent 
people and more than 250 individuals taken hostage, in-
cluding United States citizens; 
Whereas, in December 2023, President Erdog˘an equated the 
actions of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to 
that of Hitler and, on September 24, 2024, President 
Erdog˘an repeated this during the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly’s High-Level Week; 
Whereas, in April 2024, President Erdog˘an’s regime placed 
restrictions on exports to Israel, and announced an end 
to all trade in May 2024; 
Whereas, in May 2024, President Erdog˘an’s regime falsely 
deemed Israel’s actions in the Gaza Strip a genocide of 
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•HRES 1562 IH 
Palestinians by saying ‘‘I repeat my call for the Israeli 
leadership to never expand the scope of its attacks on ci-
vilians and to immediately end its operations amounting 
to genocide’’; 
Whereas, in May 2024, the Republic of Tu¨rkiye announced 
that it would apply to be a coplaintiff in the case South 
Africa v. Israel that South Africa brought forward to the 
International Court of Justice that falsely asserts Israel 
violated its obligations under the Genocide Convention 
due to its conduct in the Gaza Strip; 
Whereas, in July 2024, President Erdog˘an threatened to in-
vade the State of Israel and stated, ‘‘We must be very 
strong so that Israel can’t do these ridiculous things to 
Palestine. Just like we entered Karabakh, just like we en-
tered Libya, we might do similar to them’’; 
Whereas, in July 2024, President Erdog˘an stated, ‘‘Until 
comprehensive, sustainable peace is established in Pal-
estine, attempts at cooperation with Israel within NATO 
will not be approved by Tu¨rkiye’’; 
Whereas President Erdog˘an’s obstruction of NATO coopera-
tion with Israel undermines broader transatlantic secu-
rity, counterterrorism efforts, and the need for a cohesive 
NATO policy against common threats; 
Whereas President Erdog˘an has repeatedly hosted United 
States-designated senior Hamas leaders, including Ismail 
Haniyeh, Khaled Meshaal, and Saleh al-Arouri; 
Whereas, on August 2, 2024, President Erdog˘an declared a 
day of mourning for Ismail Haniyeh, and the Embassy 
of Tu¨rkiye in Tel Aviv lowered its flag to half-mast in 
Haniyeh’s honor; 
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•HRES 1562 IH 
Whereas, on August 28, 2024, Hamas leader Khaled Meshaal 
called on Palestinians to carry out suicide bombings 
against Israelis while speaking at a conference in 
Istanbul, Tu¨rkiye; 
Whereas, on September 3, 2024, the United States Depart-
ment of Justice announced terrorism, murder conspiracy, 
and sanctions-evasion charges against six senior Hamas 
leaders, including Khaled Meshaal; 
Whereas, on October 9, 2024, Erdogan called Israel a ‘‘Zion-
ist terrorist organization’’; 
Whereas, on October 18, 2024, the Foreign Minister of the 
Republic of Tu¨rkiye expressed condolences to the Hamas 
Political Bureau for the death of Yahya Sinwar, the 
former Chairman and leader of Hamas and architect of 
the October 7 attack on Israel; 
Whereas President Erdog˘an has used inflammatory language 
against Greece, a fellow NATO ally, to undermine the 
peace and security of its democratic neighbor; 
Whereas Tu¨rkiye assisted in Azerbaijan’s repression and ex-
pulsion of Armenians living in Nagorno-Karabakh in 
2023; 
Whereas, during the 79th Session of the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly’s High-Level Week, which coincided with 
the 50th anniversary of Turkey’s illegal invasion of Cy-
prus, President Erdog˘an unjustifiably asserted that 
Tu¨rkiye has legitimate claims to the northern half of Cy-
prus and that Turkish Cypriots have territorial rights 
across the island; 
Whereas the House of Representatives recognizes that on Au-
gust 1, 2024, notwithstanding Erdog˘an’s destabilizing 
rhetoric and actions, the Republic of Tu¨rkiye played an 
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•HRES 1562 IH 
integral role in brokering an extensive prisoner exchange 
between the United States and Russia, allowing 16 
United States and European prisoners to come home; 
Whereas, in 2024, the Republic of Tu¨rkiye has allocated 
about 2.09 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) 
to its own defense spending, exceeding NATO’s targets, 
to ensure that countries in NATO achieve military readi-
ness; 
Whereas greater military cooperation between the United 
States and Tu¨rkiye should be contingent upon Tu¨rkiye’s 
reliability within NATO and adherence to international 
norms regarding human rights and counterterrorism ef-
forts; 
Whereas the United States Congress plays a critical role in 
oversight of government-to-government foreign military 
sales of major defense equipment; and 
Whereas President Erdog˘an and the Republic of Tu¨rkiye 
could be a far more effective partner of the United States 
if President Erdog˘an refrained from engaging in any fur-
ther destabilizing, antagonistic, and antisemitic rhetoric 
or behavior moving forward: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) urges the Republic of Tu¨rkiye to stand with 
Israel’s right to exist and its war against terrorism; 
(2) condemns President Erdog˘an’s support for 
Hamas leaders and urges the Republic of Tu¨rkiye to 
immediately denounce Hamas and other Iranian al-
lies and proxy organizations; 
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•HRES 1562 IH 
(3) urges President Erdog˘an and his adminis-
tration to refrain from blocking the North Atlantic 
Treaty Organization’s cooperation with Israel at a 
time when the Islamic Republic of Iran and its ter-
rorist proxies pose a growing threat to the region 
and the transatlantic alliance; 
(4) urges the Republic of Tu¨rkiye to fulfill its 
treaty obligations and extradite to the United States 
any Hamas members located in Tu¨rkiye and wanted 
by the United States; 
(5) condemns President Erdog˘an’s destabilizing 
and threatening rhetoric towards its democratic 
neighbors, especially Greece and the Republic of Cy-
prus; 
(6) urges the Biden administration to pause 
further transfers or sales of United States-made 
fighter jets to the Republic of Tu¨rkiye; and 
(7) urges President Erdog˘an and his adminis-
tration to subdue its divisive antisemitic and desta-
bilizing rhetoric. 
Æ 
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