I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2749 
To facilitate the generation and delivery of power from affordable and reliable 
renewable generation projects and energy storage projects. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 20, 2023 
Ms. CASTOR of Florida (for herself, Mr. CASTEN, and Mr. PETERS) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce 
A BILL 
To facilitate the generation and delivery of power from af-
fordable and reliable renewable generation projects and 
energy storage projects. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; DEFINITIONS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Efficient Grid Interconnection Act of 2023’’. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this Act: 
(1) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ 
means the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(2) ENERGY
STORAGE
PROJECT.—The term 
‘‘energy storage project’’ means equipment which re-
ceives, stores, and delivers energy using batteries, 
compressed air, pumped hydropower, hydrogen stor-
age (including hydrolysis), thermal energy storage, 
regenerative fuel cells, flywheels, capacitors, super-
conducting magnets, or other technologies identified 
by the Secretary of Energy, and which has a capac-
ity of not less than 5 kilowatt hours. 
(3) GENERATION
PROJECT.—The term ‘‘gen-
eration project’’ means any facility— 
(A) that generates electricity; and 
(B) the interconnection request of which is 
subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission. 
(4) GENERATOR TIE LINE.—The term ‘‘gener-
ator tie line’’ means a dedicated transmission line 
that is used to transmit power from a generation 
project or an energy storage project to a trans-
mission facility or a transmission system. 
(5) GRID ENHANCING TECHNOLOGY.—The term 
‘‘grid enhancing technology’’ means any technology 
or equipment that increases the capacity, efficiency, 
or reliability of a transmission facility or trans-
mission system, including— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(A) power flow control and transmission 
switching equipment; 
(B) energy storage technology; 
(C) topology optimization technology; 
(D) dynamic line rating technology; and 
(E) other advanced transmission tech-
nologies, such as composite reinforced alu-
minum conductors or high temperature super-
conductors. 
(6) INTERCONNECTION CUSTOMER.—The term 
‘‘interconnection customer’’ means a person or entity 
that has submitted a request to interconnect a gen-
eration project or an energy storage project that is 
subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission to the 
owner or operator of a transmission facility or a 
transmission system. 
(7) NETWORK UPGRADE.—The term ‘‘network 
upgrade’’ means— 
(A) any modification of, addition to, or ex-
pansion of any transmission facility or trans-
mission system; 
(B) the construction of a new facility that 
will become part of a transmission system; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(C) the addition of an energy storage 
project to a transmission facility or a trans-
mission system; and 
(D) any construction, deployment, or addi-
tion of grid enhancing technology to a trans-
mission facility or a transmission system that 
eliminates or reduces the need to carry out any 
of the activities described in subparagraphs (A) 
through (C). 
(8) PARTICIPANT FUNDING.—The term ‘‘partic-
ipant funding’’ means any cost allocation method 
under which an interconnection customer is required 
to pay, without reimbursement, all or a dispropor-
tionate amount of the costs of a network upgrade 
that is determined to be necessary to ensure the reli-
able interconnection of the interconnection cus-
tomer’s generation project or energy storage project. 
(9) PUBLIC UTILITY.—The term ‘‘public util-
ity’’ has the meaning given such term in section 
201(e) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 824(e)). 
(10) RENEWABLE GENERATION PROJECT.—The 
term ‘‘renewable generation project’’ means a gen-
eration project that generates electricity from a re-
newable energy resource, including wind, solar, geo-
thermal, and hydropower. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(11) REGIONAL TRANSMISSION ORGANIZATION; 
INDEPENDENT
SYSTEM
OPERATOR.—The 
terms 
‘‘Regional Transmission Organization’’ and ‘‘Inde-
pendent System Operator’’ have the meanings given 
such terms in section 3 of the Federal Power Act 
(16 U.S.C. 796). 
(12) 
TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM.—The 
term 
‘‘transmission system’’ means a network of trans-
mission facilities used for the transmission of elec-
tric energy in interstate commerce. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) in much of the United States renewable 
generation projects and energy storage projects face 
unfair and inefficient barriers to Commission-juris-
dictional interconnection with the electric grid; 
(2) legislation is needed to accelerate the timely 
and efficient interconnection of renewable generation 
projects and energy storage projects, and to ensure 
that individual interconnection customers are not 
forced to bear disproportionate amounts of shared 
network upgrade costs; 
(3) network upgrades required to be con-
structed 
to 
interconnect 
renewable 
generation 
projects and energy storage projects benefit all 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
transmission system customers as well as parties 
that receive power delivered over such transmission 
systems; 
(4) the practice of exclusive or disproportionate 
participant funding, whereby the costs of network 
upgrades are assigned solely or disproportionately to 
individual interconnection customers, is unduly dis-
criminatory, harmful to consumers, and not in the 
public interest; 
(5) in certain cases, the deployment of grid en-
hancing technologies can substitute for, and thereby 
reduce the need for, time required, or cost to con-
struct, a traditional transmission upgrade or addi-
tion, such as modifying or adding a conductor or 
substation element, that otherwise would be required 
to interconnect a new generation project or energy 
storage project; 
(6) by reducing the need for, and the time nec-
essary to construct, a traditional transmission up-
grade or addition, such as modifying or adding a 
conductor or substation element, the deployment of 
grid enhancing technologies would facilitate timely, 
efficient, and cost-effective interconnections, and the 
renewable generation projects and energy storage 
projects dependent on those interconnections, and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
the delivery of clean and reliable electricity produced 
by those projects; and 
(7) collectively, the development and construc-
tion of renewable generation projects, energy storage 
projects, and grid enhancing technologies should cre-
ate tens of thousands of family-sustaining jobs, fa-
cilitate rural economic development, enhance Federal 
and State tax revenues, and further the timely and 
cost-effective delivery of clean, affordable, and reli-
able electricity. 
SEC. 3. EQUITABLE COST ALLOCATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall issue 
a new regulation, or revise existing regulations, to prohibit 
the use of exclusive or disproportionate participant fund-
ing. 
(b) ALLOCATION OF COSTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In prohibiting the use of ex-
clusive or disproportionate participant funding under 
subsection (a), the Commission shall, except as pro-
vided in paragraph (4), require that each public util-
ity— 
(A) may not allocate the costs of a network 
upgrade solely to the requesting interconnection 
customer; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(B) shall reasonably allocate such costs to 
parties that— 
(i) use the transmission facility or the 
transmission system; 
(ii) take electricity from the trans-
mission facility or the transmission system; 
or 
(iii) otherwise benefit from a network 
upgrade of the transmission facility or the 
transmission system. 
(2) INTERCONNECTION
TO
MULTIPLE
TRANS-
MISSION SYSTEMS.—With respect to a network up-
grade that is associated with a generation project or 
an energy storage project that has a significant im-
pact on two or more transmission systems, the costs 
for such a network upgrade shall be allocated pursu-
ant to a methodology designed jointly by the im-
pacted transmission systems to ensure that all such 
costs are equitably shared by the parties that benefit 
from such network upgrade. 
(3) DETERMINATION
OF
BENEFITTING
PAR-
TIES.—In determining which parties benefit for pur-
poses of paragraph (1)(B)(iii) and paragraph (2), 
the Commission shall consider all material benefits 
of the network upgrade, including— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB
(A) those that cannot be directly quan-
tified, including resilience benefits; and 
(B) environmental benefits, including re-
duced and avoided emissions of greenhouse 
gases and conventional air pollutants. 
(4) GENERATOR TIE LINES.—A public utility 
may require an interconnection customer to pay for 
the costs of construction of any generator tie lines 
that will be used to transmit power from the inter-
connection customer’s generation project or energy 
storage project, as applicable, to the transmission fa-
cility or the transmission system. 
(5) VOLUNTARY PAYMENT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—An interconnection cus-
tomer may pay upfront some or all of the costs 
of a network upgrade at the transmission facil-
ity or transmission system to which they plan 
to interconnect their generation project or en-
ergy storage project in accordance with sub-
paragraph (B). 
(B) 
REPAYMENT.—Any 
interconnection 
customer that pays costs under subparagraph 
(A) shall be refunded such costs allocable to 
other parties pursuant to the Commission’s reg-
ulations issued or revised under this section, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:13 Apr 26, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H2749.IH
H2749
pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB