•HRES 720 IH 
Whereas, in October 2017, violent extremists locally known 
as al-Shabab or Ahlu al-Sunnah wal-Jamaah targeted ci-
vilians in the Cabo Delgado Province and eventually took 
up arms against the Mozambican state, launching an 
armed insurgency that has had dire consequences for 
human rights, security, and socioeconomic welfare in the 
Cabo Delgado Province; 
Whereas, since 2017, Ahlu al-Sunnah wal-Jamaah has killed 
thousands of civilians and brutalized communities in 
Cabo Delgado Province, including through mass behead-
ings of men and boys, abductions, including of children 
who are forced to take up arms, and attacks against 
transportation, supply convoys, government facilities, and 
other buildings, such as homes, schools, and hospitals; 
Whereas, in 2018, the Cabo Delgado-based violent extremist 
group reportedly pledged allegiance to the Islamic State 
in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and was acknowledged by ISIS 
as an affiliate in August 2019; 
Whereas, on March 10, 2021, the Department of State des-
ignated Ahlu al-Sunnah wal-Jamaah, also known as 
ISIS-Mozambique, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization 
under the Immigration and Nationality Act, and as Spe-
cially Designated Global Terrorists under Executive 
Order 13224, and identified Tanzanian national Abu 
Yasir Hassan as the leader of the organization; 
Whereas, in late March 2021, ISIS-Mozambique launched a 
complex attack against the northern Mozambican town of 
Palma over several days, overwhelming Mozambican 
forces, killing and abducting dozens of people, and de-
stroying infrastructure, leading TotalEnergies to declare 
force majeure in relation to its partially United States 
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Government-financed $20,000,000 liquified natural gas 
project near Palma; 
Whereas, in May 2021, the United States Holocaust Memo-
rial Museum reported a high risk of new mass killings in 
Mozambique as part of the Early Warning Project risk 
assessment for 2020–2021; 
Whereas the United States Government announced in March 
2021 its segment training of the Mozambican armed 
forces to help build their counterterrorism capacities, and 
the European Union announced in July 2021 that it 
would establish a military training mission in Mozam-
bique; 
Whereas, on June 23, 2021, the Southern African Develop-
ment Community (SADC) heads of state issued a com-
munique approving the deployment of the SADC Standby 
Force Mission to combat ‘‘acts of terrorism and violent 
extremism in Cabo Delgado’’; 
Whereas, on July 10, 2021, Mozambican President Filipe 
Nyusi confirmed that 1,000 Rwandan forces had begun 
deploying to the Cabo Delgado Province and that a 
SADC standby force would follow, and on August 8, 
2021, Rwandan forces announced they had retaken a 
strategic provincial port from ISIS-Mozambique; 
Whereas grievances fueling terrorist recruitment reportedly 
include allegations of state corruption and exploitation, 
including by security forces, and historical socioeconomic 
and political marginalization of the Cabo Delgado Prov-
ince and other northern regions, which has constrained 
development and brought about high rates of poverty, 
youth unemployment, and socioeconomic inequality; 
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•HRES 720 IH 
Whereas international development of northern Mozambique’s 
natural resources has the potential to yield economic ben-
efit to the Cabo Delgado Province’s local populations 
through job creation, increased private investment, and 
expanded development initiatives, yet in some cases re-
source development has reportedly displaced local com-
munities and some have been inadequately compensated 
for lost land, homes, and disrupted livelihoods; 
Whereas international human rights monitors have reported 
human rights violations perpetrated by Mozambican secu-
rity forces during counterterrorism operations in the 
Cabo Delgado Province, including arbitrary arrests, ab-
ductions, torture of detainees, excessive force against un-
armed civilians, intimidation, and extrajudicial killings; 
Whereas, as of June 2021, ISIS-Mozambique’s attacks and 
resulting clashes with government forces throughout the 
Cabo Delgado Province have killed over 3,000 people and 
displaced nearly 800,000, left 1,300,000 people in need 
of humanitarian assistance, including approximately 
900,000, primarily women and children, in emergency- 
levels of food insecurity, and in July 2021, the World 
Food Program warned that insufficient funding could 
lead to famine in the region; 
Whereas the United States, through the United States Agen-
cy for International Development, is the single largest 
donor of humanitarian assistance in Mozambique; and 
Whereas, in April 2021, the World Bank approved a 
$100,000,000 grant to Mozambique’s Agency for Inte-
grated Development of the North for the ‘‘restoration of 
livelihoods and economic opportunities, building of social 
cohesion, and improving access to basic services as well 
as the rehabilitation of selected public infrastructure in-
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tended to benefit internally displaced persons (IDPs) and 
host communities in targeted areas of Northern Mozam-
bique’’, and has determined Mozambique is eligible for its 
Prevention and Resilience Allocation, granting potential 
access of up to $700,000,000 in additional assistance for 
similar projects: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) condemns the violence, targeting of civil-
ians, and terrorist attacks carried out by ISIS-Mo-
zambique in the Cabo Delgado Province; 
(2) urges the Mozambican Government to— 
(A) continue to work with international 
partners to restore security in the Cabo 
Delgado Province and counter violent extre-
mism 
and 
terrorism 
in 
a 
manner 
that 
prioritizes the protection of civilians and their 
human rights; 
(B) take steps to protect children from ab-
duction, forced conscription, and other forms of 
exploitation; 
(C) ensure humanitarian workers have ac-
cess to vulnerable populations in the Cabo 
Delgado Province, including by reducing bu-
reaucratic constraints on travel documents, hu-
manitarian aid, and related equipment; 
(D) hold to account any government offi-
cial who sought to disrupt the equitable provi-
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sion of humanitarian assistance, or who di-
verted such assistance, profited from its dis-
tribution, or otherwise engage in exploitative or 
corrupt acts relating to the acquisition or provi-
sion of humanitarian aid; 
(E) work with the international community 
to document, investigate, and prosecute human 
rights abuses and other crimes committed by 
state security forces, militias, terrorists, and 
other armed actors, and to build government 
capacities to accomplish such outcomes; and 
(F) develop comprehensive national strate-
gies and implementation plans to address un-
derlying social, political, and economic griev-
ances of local populations in the Cabo Delgado 
Province and neighboring provinces; 
(3) calls on Mozambican community leaders 
and civil society members in the Cabo Delgado Prov-
ince to strengthen local resiliencies and prevent tar-
geting and other forms of intercommunal violence 
and conflict; 
(4) calls on the United States Government and 
other donor governments to appropriately coordinate 
diplomatic, defense, and development resources and 
continue to expand, where possible, efforts to provide 
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humanitarian assistance, promote good governance, 
spur economic growth, and build the capacity of the 
Government of Mozambique to counter terrorism 
and violent extremism and address conflict through 
existing programs, such as the Partnership for Re-
gional East Africa Counterterrorism (PREACT), 
and future interagency initiatives, while ensuring re-
spect for human rights and protection of civilians; 
(5) urges the Mozambican Northern Integrated 
Development Agency to consult with local popu-
lations and civil society groups in the Cabo Delgado 
Province and to ensure transparency and account-
ability in the provision of development assistance; 
and 
(6) calls on the international donor community 
to support continued humanitarian assistance, par-
ticularly in support of Mozambique’s Humanitarian 
Response Plan and local and national aid organiza-
tions providing aid to populations in the Cabo 
Delgado Province or other conflict-affected areas in 
Mozambique. 
Æ 
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