(4) The increasing occurrence of multidrug re-
sistant (‘‘MDR’’) TB, including extensively drug re-
sistant (‘‘XDR’’) TB—which is resistant to at least 
two main first-line drugs and additionally to three or 
more of the six classes of second-line drugs—raises 
concerns of a future epidemic of virtually untreat-
able TB. 
(5) The Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention is increasingly relied upon globally for its ex-
pertise and technical assistance in global tuber-
culosis preparedness and outbreak response capacity 
to identify and investigate outbreaks of multidrug 
resistant and extensively drug resistant TB. 
(6) New tools are needed to more effectively 
prevent, diagnose, and treat TB. The standard 
method of diagnosing TB is over 100 years old, and 
fails to adequately detect TB in children and those 
co-infected with HIV/AIDS. The newest class of 
anti-TB drug is 40 years old, while rates of 
multidrug resistant TB are rising globally. 
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TITLE I—CENTERS FOR DISEASE 
CONTROL AND PREVENTION 
Subtitle A—National Program for 
Elimination of Tuberculosis 
SEC. 101. NATIONAL PROGRAM. 
Section 317E of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 247b–6) is amended— 
(1) by striking the heading for the section and 
inserting the following: ‘‘NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR 
ELIMINATION OF TUBERCULOSIS’’; and 
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; DEMONSTRA-
TION PROJECTS; EDUCATION AND TRAINING.—With re-
spect to the prevention, control, and elimination of tuber-
culosis, the Secretary may, directly or through grants to 
public or nonprofit private entities, carry out the following: 
‘‘(1) Research, with priority given to research 
and development concerning— 
‘‘(A) clinical trials to evaluate the safety 
and effectiveness of new drugs, diagnostics, and 
vaccines for latent tuberculosis infection and ac-
tive tuberculosis; 
‘‘(B) epidemiological studies of populations 
at risk of tuberculosis; and 
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‘‘(C) field studies to evaluate the effective-
ness of new drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines, 
and evaluation of efforts to eliminate the dis-
ease. 
‘‘(2) Demonstration projects for— 
‘‘(A) the development of regional capabili-
ties to prevent, control and eliminate tuber-
culosis; 
‘‘(B) the intensification of efforts— 
‘‘(i) to prevent, detect, and treat tu-
berculosis among African Americans and 
other United States-born populations with 
documented health disparities; and 
‘‘(ii) to reduce or eliminate racial dis-
parities in the incidence of tuberculosis in 
these populations; 
‘‘(C) the intensification of efforts to con-
trol tuberculosis along the United States-Mexico 
border and among United States-Mexico bina-
tional populations; 
‘‘(D) the intensification of efforts to pre-
vent, detect, and treat tuberculosis among for-
eign-born persons who are in the United States; 
and 
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‘‘(E) collaboration with Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement to identify and treat im-
migrants with active or latent tuberculosis in-
fection. 
‘‘(3) A public information and education pro-
gram. 
‘‘(4) Education, training and clinical skills im-
provement activities for health professionals, includ-
ing allied health personnel and emergency response 
employees. 
‘‘(5) Provide support for the Tuberculosis 
Trials Consortium, the Tuberculosis Epidemiologic 
Studies Consortium, and Regional Training and 
Medical Consultation Centers to carry out activities 
under paragraphs (1) through (4). 
‘‘(6) Collaboration with international organiza-
tions and foreign countries in carrying out such ac-
tivities.’’. 
Subtitle B—Interagency 
Collaboration 
SEC. 111. ADVISORY COUNCIL FOR ELIMINATION OF TU-
BERCULOSIS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 317E(f) of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b–6(f)) is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating paragraph (5) as para-
graph (6); and 
(2) by striking paragraphs (2) through (4), and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(2) DUTIES.—The Council shall provide advice 
and recommendations regarding the elimination of 
tuberculosis to the Secretary, the Assistant Sec-
retary for Health, and the Director of the Centers 
for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition, the 
Council shall, with respect to eliminating such dis-
ease, provide to the Secretary and other appropriate 
Federal officials advice on— 
‘‘(A) coordinating the activities of the Pub-
lic Health Service and other Federal agencies 
that relate to the disease, including activities 
under subsection (b); and 
‘‘(B) efficiently utilizing the Federal re-
sources involved. 
‘‘(3) NATIONAL PLAN.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out para-
graph (2), the Council shall make recommenda-
tions on the development, revision, and imple-
mentation of a national plan to eliminate tuber-
culosis in the United States. 
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‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out 
subparagraph (A), the Council shall consult 
with public and private entities, including— 
‘‘(i) individuals who are scientists, 
physicians, and other health professionals, 
who are not officers or employees of the 
Federal Government and who represent the 
disciplines relevant to tuberculosis elimi-
nation; 
‘‘(ii) members of public-private part-
nerships established to address the elimi-
nation of tuberculosis; 
‘‘(iii) members of national and inter-
national nongovernmental organizations es-
tablished to address tuberculosis elimi-
nation; and 
‘‘(iv) members from the general public 
who are knowledgeable with respect to tu-
berculosis elimination including individuals 
who have or have had tuberculosis. 
‘‘(C) CERTAIN COMPONENTS OF PLAN.—In 
carrying out subparagraph (A), the Council 
shall— 
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‘‘(i) consider the recommendations of 
the Institute of Medicine regarding the 
elimination of tuberculosis; 
‘‘(ii) consider recommendations for 
the involvement of the United States in 
continuing global and cross-border tuber-
culosis control activities in countries where 
a high incidence of tuberculosis directly af-
fects the United States such as Mexico; 
and 
‘‘(iii) review the extent to which 
progress has been made toward eliminating 
tuberculosis. 
‘‘(4) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Council shall an-
nually submit to Congress and the Secretary a re-
port on the activities carried under this section, 
other than subsection (g). Each such report shall in-
clude the opinion of the Council on the extent to 
which its recommendations regarding the elimination 
of tuberculosis have been implemented, including 
with respect to— 
‘‘(A) activities under subsection (b); and 
‘‘(B) the national plan referred to in para-
graph (3). 
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‘‘(5) COMPOSITION.—The Council shall be com-
posed of— 
‘‘(A) representatives from the Centers for 
Disease Control and Prevention, the National 
Institutes of Health, the United States Agency 
for International Development, the Agency for 
Healthcare Research and Quality, the Health 
Resources and Services Administration, the 
United States-Mexico Border Health Commis-
sion, and other Federal departments and agen-
cies that carry out significant activities related 
to tuberculosis; 
‘‘(B) State and local tuberculosis control 
and public health and officials; 
‘‘(C) individuals who are scientists, physi-
cians, laboratorians, and other health profes-
sionals who represent disciplines relevant to tu-
berculosis elimination; 
‘‘(D) members of national and inter-
national nongovernmental organizations estab-
lished to address the elimination of tuberculosis; 
and 
‘‘(E) members from the general public who 
are knowledgeable with respect to the elimi-
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nation of tuberculosis, including individuals who 
have or have had tuberculosis.’’. 
(b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING CURRENT 
MEMBERSHIP.—With respect to the advisory council 
under section 317E(f) of the Public Health Service Act, 
the amendments made by subsection (a) may not be con-
strued as terminating the membership on such council of 
any individual serving as such a member as of the day 
before the date of the enactment of this Act. 
Subtitle C—New Tools for 
Tuberculosis Elimination 
SEC. 121. NEW TOOLS. 
Section 317E of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 247b–6) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (g) as sub-
section (h); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (f) the fol-
lowing subsection: 
‘‘(g) NEW TOOLS
FOR ELIMINATION
OF TUBER-
CULOSIS.— 
‘‘(1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON DRUGS, 
DIAGNOSTICS, 
VACCINES, 
AND
PUBLIC
HEALTH 
INTERVENTIONS.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention, shall expand, intensify, and coordinate 
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research and development and related activities of 
such Centers to develop new tools for the elimination 
of tuberculosis, including drugs, diagnostics, vac-
cines, and public health interventions. 
‘‘(2) FEDERAL TUBERCULOSIS TASK FORCE.— 
‘‘(A) DUTIES.—The Federal Tuberculosis 
Task Force (established in December 2001 as 
part of the Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention) (in this subsection referred to as 
the ‘Task Force’) shall provide to the Secretary 
and other appropriate Federal officials advice 
on the implementation of paragraph (1), includ-
ing advice regarding the efficient utilization of 
the Federal resources involved. 
‘‘(B) NATIONAL
PLAN
FOR
NEW
TOOLS 
DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out paragraph 
(1), the Task Force shall make recommenda-
tions on the development of a national plan for 
the development of new tools for the elimination 
of tuberculosis, including drugs, diagnostics, 
and vaccines. 
‘‘(C) CONSULTATION.—In developing the 
national plan under paragraph (1), the Task 
Force shall consult with— 
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‘‘(i) scientists, physicians, and other 
health professionals and who represent the 
specialties and disciplines relevant to the 
research under consideration; 
‘‘(ii) members from public-private 
partnerships or foundations (or both) en-
gaged in research relevant to research 
under consideration; 
‘‘(iii) members of national and inter-
national nongovernmental organizations es-
tablished to address tuberculosis elimi-
nation; 
‘‘(iv) members from the general public 
who are knowledgeable with respect to tu-
berculosis, including individuals who have 
or have had tuberculosis; and 
‘‘(v) scientists, physicians, and other 
health professionals who reside in a foreign 
country with a substantial incidence or 
prevalence of tuberculosis, and who rep-
resent the specialties and disciplines rel-
evant to the research under consideration. 
‘‘(3) GRANTS AND CONTRACTS.—The Secretary 
shall carry out paragraph (1) directly and through 
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awards of grants, cooperative agreements, and con-
tracts to public and private entities, including— 
‘‘(A) public-private partnerships; 
‘‘(B) academic institutions, including insti-
tutions of higher education; 
‘‘(C) research institutions; and 
‘‘(D) the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium 
and the Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies 
Consortium.’’. 
Subtitle D—Authorizations of 
Appropriations 
SEC. 131. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 317E of the Public Health Service Act, as 
amended by section 121(1) of this Act, is amended by 
amending subsection (h) to read as follows: 
‘‘(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) GENERAL PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—For the purpose of 
carrying out this section, other than subsection 
(g), there are authorized to be appropriated 
$528,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such 
sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal 
years 2009 through 2012. 
‘‘(B) 
RESERVATION
FOR
EMERGENCY 
GRANTS.—Of the amounts appropriated under 
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subparagraph (A) for a fiscal year, the Sec-
retary may reserve not more than 25 percent 
for emergency grants under subsection (a) for 
any geographic area in which there is, relative 
to other areas, a substantial number of cases of 
tuberculosis, multidrug resistant tuberculosis, 
or extensively resistant tuberculosis or a sub-
stantial rate of increase in such cases. 
‘‘(C) PRIORITY.—In allocating amounts 
appropriated under subparagraph (A) and not 
reserved under subparagraph (B), the Secretary 
shall give priority to allocating such amounts 
for grants under subsection (a). 
‘‘(D) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.— 
‘‘(i) REQUIREMENT OF FORMULA.—Of 
the amounts appropriated under subpara-
graph (A), not reserved under subpara-
graph (B), and allocated by the Secretary 
for grants under subsection (a), the Sec-
retary shall distribute such amounts to 
grantees under subsection (a) on the basis 
of a formula. 
‘‘(ii) RELEVANT FACTORS.—The for-
mula developed by the Secretary under 
clause (i) shall take into account the level 
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of tuberculosis morbidity in the respective 
geographic area and may consider other 
factors relevant to tuberculosis in such 
area. 
‘‘(iii) NO CHANGE TO FORMULA RE-
QUIRED.—This subparagraph does not re-
quire the Secretary to modify the formula 
that was used by the Secretary to dis-
tribute funds to grantees under subsection 
(a) for fiscal year 2007. 
‘‘(2) NEW TOOLS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—For the purpose of 
carrying out subsection (g), there are author-
ized to be appropriated $100,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary 
for each of the fiscal years 2009 through 2012. 
‘‘(B) LIMITATION.—The authorization of 
appropriations established in subparagraph (A) 
for a fiscal year is effective only if the amount 
appropriated under paragraph (1) for such year 
equals or exceeds the amount appropriated to 
carry out this section for fiscal year 2007.’’. 
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TITLE II—NATIONAL INSTITUTES 
OF HEALTH 
SEC. 201. ACTIVITIES OF NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND 
BLOOD INSTITUTE. 
Subpart 2 of part C of title IV of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285b et seq.) is amended by insert-
ing after section 424B the following section: 
‘‘SEC. 424C. TUBERCULOSIS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Institute 
shall expand, intensify, and coordinate research and devel-
opment and related activities of the Institute with respect 
to tuberculosis, including activities toward the goal of 
eliminating such disease. 
‘‘(b) CERTAIN ACTIVITIES.—Activities under sub-
section (a) shall include— 
‘‘(1) enhancing basic and clinical research on 
tuberculosis; and 
‘‘(2) expanding research on the relationship be-
tween such disease and the human immunodeficiency 
virus. 
‘‘(c) RESEARCH EDUCATION.— 
‘‘(1) TUBERCULOSIS ACADEMIC AWARDS.—The 
Director of the Institute may provide awards to fac-
ulty of schools of medicine or osteopathic medicine 
to assist such faculty in developing high quality cur-
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ricula in such schools designed to significantly in-
crease the opportunities for interested individuals, 
including students of the school and practicing phy-
sicians and nurses, to learn the principles and prac-
tices of preventing, managing, and controlling tuber-
culosis. 
‘‘(2) TUBERCULOSIS/PULMONARY
INFECTION 
AWARDS.—The Director of the Institute may provide 
awards to support the career development of clini-
cally trained professionals who are committed to re-
search regarding pulmonary infections and tuber-
culosis by providing for supervised study and re-
search.’’. 
SEC. 202. ACTIVITIES OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AL-
LERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 
Section 447A of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 285f–2) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘In carrying out section 446’’ 
and inserting ‘‘(a) In carrying out section 446’’; and 
(2) by inserting at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) Activities under subsection (a) shall include ac-
tivities to develop a tuberculosis vaccine. Such activities 
shall be carried out in accordance with the blueprint for 
tuberculosis vaccine development described in the report 
prepared pursuant to the workshop convened in March 
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1998 by the Advisory Council for Elimination of Tuber-
culosis, the Director of the National Vaccine Program, 
and the Director of the Institute.’’. 
SEC. 203. JOHN E. FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR 
ADVANCED 
STUDY 
IN 
THE 
HEALTH 
SCIENCES. 
Section 482 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 287b) is amended— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—’’ before 
‘‘The general purpose’’; 
(2) in subsection (a) (as so designated), by in-
serting after ‘‘Health Sciences’’ the following: ‘‘(in 
this subpart referred to as the ‘Center’)’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following sub-
section: 
‘‘(b) TUBERCULOSIS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out subsection 
(a) with respect to tuberculosis, the Center shall ex-
pand, intensify, and coordinate international activi-
ties of the Center for research and training. 
‘‘(2) INTERNATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM.—In 
carrying out paragraph (1), the Center shall carry 
out an international training program regarding tu-
berculosis. Such program shall be modeled after the 
international training program carried out by the 
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Center with respect to the human immunodeficiency 
virus.’’. 
SEC. 204. LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAMS REGARDING RE-
SEARCH ON TUBERCULOSIS. 
Part G of title IV of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 288 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating the second section 487F as 
section 487G; and 
(2) by inserting after section 487G (as so re-
designated) the following section: 
‘‘LOAN REPAYMENTS REGARDING RESEARCH ON 
TUBERCULOSIS 
‘‘SEC. 487H. In carrying out sections 487C, 487E, 
and 487F, the Secretary shall seek to ensure that, for fis-
cal year 2008 and subsequent fiscal years, a portion of 
amounts appropriated to carry out such sections is re-
served for the purpose of entering into contracts under 
which (in accordance with the section involved) individuals 
will conduct research on tuberculosis.’’. 
SEC. 205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
For the purpose of carrying out this title and the 
amendments made by this title, there are authorized to 
be appropriated such sums as may be necessary. Such au-
thorization of appropriations shall be in addition to the 
authorization of appropriations established by section 
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402A(a) of the Public Health Service Act and any other 
authorization of appropriations available for such purpose. 
Æ 
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