H. R. 4346—196 
(1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competi-
tive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) 
to support— 
(A) individual investigators and teams of investigators, 
including to the extent practicable, early career investiga-
tors for research and development; 
(B) collaborative research and development partner-
ships 
among 
universities, 
industry, 
and 
non-profit 
organizations; 
(C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles into 
elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate chem-
istry and chemical engineering curriculum and research 
training, as appropriate to that level of education and 
training; and 
(2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing 
Foundation research and development programs. 
SEC. 10351. RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH. 
The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or con-
sortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance knowledge 
of risk assessment and predictability and to support the creation 
of tools and technologies, including advancing data analytics and 
utilization 
of 
artificial 
intelligence, 
for 
increased 
resilience 
through— 
(1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and 
predict extreme events and natural hazards; 
(2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for 
resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that 
address critical interdependence among infrastructures and 
leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social compo-
nents into the infrastructures; 
(3) development of equipment and instrumentation for 
innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures; 
(4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals 
and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, 
predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve 
and increase resilience; and 
(5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, 
including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior, 
and early detection and warning. 
SEC. 10352. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES. 
In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration, the Director shall carry out a program 
of research and related activities related to unmanned aircraft 
system technologies, which may include a prize competition pursu-
ant to section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719) and support for undergraduate and 
graduate curriculum development. 
SEC. 10353. ACCELERATING UNMANNED MARITIME SYSTEMS TECH-
NOLOGIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to support advances in marine 
science, maritime domain awareness, and national security the 
Director, in consultation with the Under Secretary of Commerce
H. R. 4346—197 
for Oceans and Atmosphere and the Commandant of the Coast 
Guard, shall issue awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions 
of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to support research that will accel-
erate innovation to advance unmanned maritime systems for the 
purpose of providing greater maritime domain awareness to the 
Nation. 
(b) COORDINATION.—In implementing this section, the Director 
shall coordinate with the Coast Guard, the Department of Defense, 
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other 
Federal agencies, including those established under the Commercial 
Engagement Through Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 
115–394). 
SEC. 10354. LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH. 
The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for 
leveraging international capabilities and resources that align with 
the Foundation and United States research community priorities 
and have the potential to benefit United States prosperity, security, 
health, and well-being, including through binational research and 
development organizations and foundations and by sending teams 
of Foundation scientific staff for site visits of scientific facilities 
and agencies in other countries. The Director shall establish and 
implement policies, including through any research security training 
requirements, to mitigate the potential risks of such interactions, 
including risks to the protection of intellectual property and the 
risk of undue foreign influence on research. 
SEC. 10355. BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLECTIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall continue to support data-
bases, tools, methods, and other activities that secure and improve 
existing physical and digital biological research collections, improve 
the accessibility of collections and collection-related data for 
research and educational purposes, develop capacity for curation 
and collection management, and to transfer ownership of collections 
that are significant to the biological research community, including 
to museums and universities. 
(b) SPECIMEN MANAGEMENT PLAN.—In consultation with other 
relevant Federal research agencies, and as the Director determines 
is appropriate, the Director shall require that proposals submitted 
to the Foundation for funding for research that involves collecting 
or generating specimens include, as part of the data management 
plan under section 10344, a description of how the specimens and 
associated data will be accessioned into and maintained in an 
established biological collection. 
(c) 
ACTION
CENTER
FOR
BIOLOGICAL
COLLECTIONS.—In 
coordination with other relevant Federal research agencies, as 
appropriate, the Director shall make awards on a competitive basis 
to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to facilitate coordina-
tion and data sharing among communities of practice for research, 
education, workforce training, evaluation, and business model 
development, including by establishing an Action Center for 
Biological Collections.
H. R. 4346—198 
SEC. 10356. CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ACCELERA-
TION. 
The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit- 
reviewed basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) 
to— 
(1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly 
advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing 
climate on urban and rural water and wastewater systems, 
including in low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged 
communities; 
(2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies, sys-
tems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing chal-
lenges that affect water availability, quality, and security, 
including through direct engagement with affected communities 
and partnerships with the private sector, State, territorial, 
Tribal, and local governments, non-profit organizations and 
water management professionals; and 
(3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting 
wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and other 
professional development. 
SEC. 10357. TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCH. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
reviewed, competitive basis for research and development to— 
(1) increase understanding of social media and consumer 
technology access and use patterns and related mental health, 
behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly for 
children and adolescents; and 
(2) explore the role of social media and consumer technology 
in rising rates of mental health and substance use disorder 
issues, including within communities experiencing long-term 
economic distress. 
(b) COORDINATION TO AVOID DUPLICATION.—In making awards 
under this subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding 
duplication of activities and research, consult, collaborate, and 
coordinate with the heads of other relevant Federal departments 
and agencies, including the Department of Health and Human 
Services. 
SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT. 
Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p–1(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(2) in paragraph (6)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘and’’ before ‘‘virtual manufacturing’’; 
and 
(B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
‘‘; and artificial intelligence and machine learning; and’’; 
and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) additive manufacturing, including new material 
designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and real- 
time process controls.’’.
H. R. 4346—199 
SEC. 10359. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT. 
(a) CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
AT THE FOUNDATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to support supply chain resil-
iency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, 
to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support 
basic research that will accelerate innovation to advance critical 
minerals mining strategies and technologies for the purpose 
of making better use of domestic resources and eliminating 
national reliance on minerals and mineral materials that are 
subject to supply disruptions. 
(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Activities funded by an award under 
this section may include— 
(A) advancing mining research and development activi-
ties to develop new mapping and mining technologies and 
techniques, including advanced critical mineral extraction 
and production, separation, alloying, or processing tech-
niques and technologies that can decrease energy intensity 
to improve existing or to develop new supply chains of 
critical minerals, and to yield more efficient, economical, 
and environmentally benign mining practices; 
(B) advancing critical mineral processing research 
activities to improve separation, alloying, manufacturing, 
or recycling techniques and technologies that can decrease 
the energy intensity, waste, potential environmental 
impact, and costs of those activities; 
(C) 
conducting 
long-term 
earth 
observation 
of 
reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the evolution 
of microbial diversity at such sites; 
(D) examining the application of artificial intelligence 
for geological exploration of critical minerals, including 
what size and diversity of data sets would be required; 
(E) examining the application of machine learning for 
detection and sorting of critical minerals, including what 
size and diversity of data sets would be required; 
(F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical min-
erals and the development of more refined geologic models; 
(G) improved understanding of the geological and geo-
chemical processes through which critical minerals form 
and are concentrated into economically viable deposits; or 
(H) providing training and research opportunities to 
undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the next 
generation of mining engineers and researchers. 
(3) EXISTING PROGRAMS.—The Director shall ensure awards 
made under this subsection are complementary and not duplica-
tive of existing programs across the Foundation and Federal 
Government. 
(b) CRITICAL MATERIALS INTERAGENCY SUBCOMMITTEE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Critical Minerals Subcommittee of 
the National Science and Technology Council (referred to in 
this section as the ‘‘Subcommittee’’), shall coordinate Federal 
science and technology efforts to ensure secure, reliable, and 
environmentally sustainable supplies of critical materials to 
the United States.