I 
108TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4053
To improve the workings of international organizations and multilateral 
institutions, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 29, 2004
Mr. LANTOS (for himself and Mr. DREIER) introduced the following bill; which 
was referred to the Committee on International Relations 
A BILL 
To improve the workings of international organizations and 
multilateral institutions, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘United States Inter-
national Leadership Act of 2004’’. 
TITLE I—UNITED STATES 
INTERNATIONAL LEADERSHIP 
SEC. 101. FINDINGS. 
The Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Decisions at many international organiza-
tions and other multilateral institutions, including 
membership and key positions, remain subject to de-
terminations made by regional groups where demo-
cratic states are often in the minority and where 
there is intensive cooperation among repressive re-
gimes. As a result, the United States has often been 
blocked in its attempts to take action in these insti-
tutions to advance its goals and objectives, including 
at the United Nations Human Rights Commission 
(where a representative of Libya was elected as 
chairman and the United States temporarily lost a 
seat). 
(2) In order to address these shortcomings, the 
United States must actively work to improve the 
workings of international organizations and multilat-
eral institutions, particularly by creating a caucus of 
democratic countries that will advance United States 
interests. In the second Ministerial Conference of 
the Community of Democracies in Seoul, Korea, on 
November 10–20, 2002, numerous countries rec-
ommended working together as a democracy caucus 
in international organizations such as the United 
Nations and ensuring that international and regional
institutions develop and apply democratic standards 
for member states. 
SEC. 102. ESTABLISHMENT OF A DEMOCRACY CAUCUS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President of the United 
States, acting through the Secretary of State and the rel-
evant United States chiefs of mission, shall seek to estab-
lish a democracy caucus at the United Nations, the United 
Nations Human Rights Commission, the United Nations 
Conference on Disarmament, and at other broad-based 
international organizations. 
(b) PURPOSES OF THE CAUCUS.—A democracy cau-
cus at an international organization should—
(1) forge common positions, including, as ap-
propriate, at the ministerial level, on matters of con-
cern before the organization and work within and 
across regional lines to promote agreed positions; 
(2) work to revise an increasingly outmoded 
system of regional voting and decision making; and 
(3) set up a rotational leadership scheme to 
provide member states an opportunity, for a set pe-
riod of time, to serve as the designated president of 
the caucus, responsible for serving as its voice in 
each organization.
SEC. 103. ANNUAL DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS ON MULTILAT-
ERAL ISSUES. 
The Secretary of State, acting through the principal 
officers responsible for advising the Secretary on inter-
national organizations, shall ensure that a high-level dele-
gation from the United States Government, on an annual 
basis, is sent to consult with key foreign governments in 
every region in order to promote the United States agenda 
at key international fora, such as the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly, United Nations Human Rights Commis-
sion, the United Nations Education, Science, and Cultural 
Organization, and the International Whaling Commission. 
SEC. 104. LEADERSHIP AND MEMBERSHIP OF INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 
(a) UNITED STATES POLICY.—The President, acting 
through the Secretary of State and the relevant United 
States chiefs of mission, shall use the voice, vote, and in-
fluence of the United States to—
(1) where appropriate, reform the criteria for 
leadership and, in appropriate cases for membership, 
at all United Nations bodies and at other inter-
national organizations and multilateral institutions 
to which the United States is a member so as to ex-
clude nations that violate the principles of the spe-
cific organization;
(2) make it a policy of the United Nations and 
other international organizations and multilateral in-
stitutions, of which the United States is a member, 
that a member state may not stand in nomination 
or be in rotation for a leadership position in such 
bodies if the member state is subject to sanctions 
imposed by the United Nations Security Council; 
and 
(3) work to ensure that no member state stand 
in nomination or be in rotation for a leadership posi-
tion in such organizations, or for membership of the 
United Nations Security Council, if the member 
state is subject to a determination under section 
620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 
40 of the Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j) 
of the Export Administration Act. 
(b) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 15 days 
after a country subject to a determination under section 
620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40 
of the Arms Export Control Act, or section 6(j) of the 
Export Administration Act of 1979 is selected for a lead-
ership post in an international organization of which the 
United States is a member or a membership of the United 
Nations Security Council, the Secretary of State shall sub-
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
on any steps taken pursuant to subsection (a)(3). 
SEC. 105. INCREASED TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLO-
MACY. 
(a) TRAINING PROGRAMS.—Section 708 of the For-
eign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended 
by adding after subsection (b) the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) TRAINING IN MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a series of training courses for officers of the 
Service, including appropriate chiefs of mission, on 
the conduct of diplomacy at international organiza-
tions and other multilateral institutions and at 
broad-based 
multilateral 
negotiations 
of 
inter-
national instruments. 
‘‘(2) PARTICULAR PROGRAMS.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the training described in paragraph 
(1) is provided at various stages of the career of 
members of the service. in particular, the Secretary 
shall ensure that after January 1, 2006—
‘‘(A) officers of the Service receive training 
on the conduct of diplomacy at international or-
ganizations and other multilateral institutions 
and at broad-based multilateral negotiations of
international instruments as part of their train-
ing upon entry of the Service; and 
‘‘(B) officers of the Service, including 
chiefs of mission, who are assigned to United 
States missions representing the United States 
to international organizations and other multi-
lateral institutions or who are assigned in 
Washington, D.C., to positions that have as 
their primary responsibility formulation of pol-
icy towards such organizations and institutions 
or towards participation in broad-based multi-
lateral negotiations of international instruments 
receive specialized training in the areas de-
scribed in paragraph (1) prior to beginning of 
service for such assignment or, if receiving such 
training at that time is not practical, within the 
first year of beginning such assignment.’’. 
(b) TRAINING FOR CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES.—
The Secretary shall ensure that employees of the Depart-
ment of State that are members of the civil service and 
that are assigned to positions described in section 708(c) 
of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (as amended by this 
subtitle) have training described in such section. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 708 of 
such Act is further amended—
(1) In subsection (a) by striking ‘‘(a) The’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(a) TRAINING
ON HUMAN RIGHTS.—
The’’; and 
(2) In subsection (b) by striking ‘‘(b) The’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(b) TRAINING
ON REFUGEE LAW
AND 
RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION.—The’’. 
SEC. 106. PROMOTING ASSIGNMENTS TO INTERNATIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS. 
(a) PROMOTIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 603(b) of the For-
eign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4003) is 
amended by striking the period at the end and in-
serting: ‘‘, and shall consider whether the member of 
the Service has served in a position whose primary 
responsibility is to formulate policy towards or rep-
resent the United States at an international organi-
zation, a multilateral institution, or a broad-based 
multilateral negotiation of an international instru-
ment.’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by paragraph (1) shall take effect January 1, 2011. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF A MULTILATERAL DIPLO-
MACY CONE IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE.—
(1) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:
sons with specialized skills necessary to become 
experts in this unique form of diplomacy. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report—
(A) evaluating whether a new cone should 
be established for the Foreign Service that con-
centrates on members of the Service that serve 
at international organizations and multilateral 
institutions or are primarily responsible for par-
ticipation in broad-based multilateral negotia-
tions of international instruments; and 
(B) provides alternative mechanisms for 
achieving the objective of developing a core 
group of United States diplomats and other 
government employees who have expertise and 
broad experience in conducting multilateral di-
plomacy. 
SEC. 107. IMPLEMENTATION AND ESTABLISHMENT OF OF-
FICE ON MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF OFFICE.—The Secretary of 
State is authorized to establish, within the Bureau of 
International Organizational Affairs, an Office on Multi-
lateral Negotiations to be headed by a Special Representa-
tive for Multilateral Negotiations (in this section referred 
to as the ‘‘special representative’’). 
(b) APPOINTMENT.—The special representative shall 
be appointed by the President with the advice and consent 
of the Senate and shall have the rank of Ambassador-at-
Large. At the discretion of the President another official 
at the Department may serve as the special representative. 
The President may direct that the special representative 
report to the Assistant Secretary for International Organi-
zations. 
(c) STAFFING.—The special representative shall have 
a staff of foreign service and civil service officers skilled 
in multilateral diplomacy. 
(d) DUTIES.—The special representative shall have 
the following responsibilities: 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The primary responsibility 
of the special representative shall be to assist in the 
organization of, and preparation for, United States 
participation in multilateral negotiations, including 
the advocacy efforts undertaken by the Department 
of State and other United States agencies. 
(2) ADVISORY ROLE.—The special representa-
tive shall advise the President and the Secretary of 
State, as appropriate, regarding advocacy at inter-
national organizations and multilateral institutions
and negotiations and, in coordination with the as-
sistant Secretary of State for international organiza-
tional affairs, shall make recommendations regard-
ing—
(A) effective strategies (and tactics) to 
achieve United States policy objectives at multi-
lateral negotiations; 
(B) the need for and timing of high level 
intervention by the President, the Secretary of 
State, the Deputy Secretary of State, and other 
United States officials to secure support from 
key foreign government officials for the United 
States position at such organizations, institu-
tions, and negotiations; 
(C) the composition of United States dele-
gations to multilateral negotiations; and 
(D) liaison with Congress, international or-
ganizations, 
nongovernmental 
organizations, 
and the private sector on matters affecting mul-
tilateral negotiations. 
(3) DEMOCRACY
CAUCUS.—The special rep-
resentative, in coordination with the Assistant Sec-
retary for International Organizational Affairs, shall 
ensure the establishment of a democracy caucus.
(4) ANNUAL DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OF MULTI-
LATERAL ISSUES.—The special representative, in co-
ordination with the Assistant Secretary for Inter-
national Organizational Affairs, shall organize an-
nual diplomatic missions to appropriate foreign 
countries to conduct consultations between principal 
officers responsible for advising the Secretary of 
State on international organizations and high-level 
representatives of the governments of such foreign 
countries to promote the United States agenda at 
the United Nations General Assembly and other key 
international fora (such as the United Nations 
Human Rights Commission). 
(5) LEADERSHIP AND MEMBERSHIP OF INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.—The special representa-
tive, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of 
International Organizational Affairs, shall direct the 
efforts of the United States Government to reform 
the criteria for leadership and membership of inter-
national organizations as described in section 104. 
(6) PARTICIPATION
IN
MULTILATERAL
NEGO-
TIATIONS.—The special representative, or members 
of the special representative’s staff, may, as required 
by the President or the Secretary of State, serve on
a United States delegation to any multilateral nego-
tiation. 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit a plan to establish a democracy caucus to the ap-
propriate congressional committees. The report required 
by section 106(b)(2) may be submitted together with the 
report under this subsection. 
SEC. 108. DEFINITION. 
In this title, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional 
committees’’ means the Committee on International Rela-
tions of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
TITLE II—MISCELLANEOUS 
PROVISIONS 
SEC. 201. REPORTS RELATING TO MAGEN DAVID ADOM SO-
CIETY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Section 690(a) of the Foreign Rela-
tions Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 
107–228) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) Since the founding of the Magen David 
Adom in 1930, the American Red Cross has re-
garded it as a sister national society forging close 
working ties between the two societies and has con-
sistently advocated recognition and membership of
the Magen David Adom in the International Red 
Cross and Red Crescent Movement. 
‘‘(6) The American Red Cross and Magen 
David Adom signed an important memorandum of 
understanding in November 2002, outlining areas 
for strategic collaboration, and the American Red 
Cross will encourage other societies to establish simi-
lar agreements with Magen David Adom.’’. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Section 690(b) of such 
Act is amended—
(1) in paragraph (3) after the semicolon by 
striking ‘‘and’’; 
(2) by redesignating paragraph (4) as para-
graph (5); and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(4) the High Contracting Parties to the Gene-
va Conventions of August 12, 1949, should adopt 
the October 12, 2000, draft additional protocol 
which would accord international recognition to an 
additional distinctive emblem; and’’. 
(c) REPORT.—Section 690 of such Act is further 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of the United States International Lead-
ership Act of 2004, and annually thereafter, the Secretary 
of State shall submit a report, on a classified basis if nec-
essary, to the appropriate congressional committees de-
scribing—
‘‘(1) efforts by the United States to obtain full 
membership for the Magen David Adom in the 
International Red Cross Movement; 
‘‘(2) efforts by the International Committee of 
the Red Cross to obtain full membership for the 
Magen David Adom in the International Red Cross 
Movement; 
‘‘(3) efforts of the High Contracting Parties to 
the Geneva Convention of 1949 to adopt the October 
12, 2000, draft additional protocol; and 
‘‘(4) the extent to which the Magen David 
Adom of Israel is participating in the activities of 
the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Move-
ment.’’. 
SEC. 202. VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION TO ORGANIZATION 
OF AMERICAN STATES. 
There are authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 
for a United States voluntary contribution to the Organi-
zation of American States for the Inter-American Com-
mittee Against Terrorism (CICTE) to identify and develop 
a port in the Latin American and Caribbean region into
a model of best security practices and appropriate tech-
nologies for improving port security in the Western Hemi-
sphere. Amounts authorized to be appropriated under this 
section are authorized to remain available until expended 
and are in addition to amounts otherwise available to 
carry out section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2221). 
SEC. 203. COMBATTING THE PIRACY OF UNITED STATES 
COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addi-
tion to such amounts as may otherwise be authorized to 
be appropriated for such purpose, there are authorized to 
be appropriated for the Department of State, $10,000,000 
to carry out the following activities in countries that are 
not members of the Organization for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development (OECD): 
(1) Provision of equipment and training for for-
eign law enforcement, including in the interpretation 
of intellectual property laws. 
(2) Training for judges and prosecutors, includ-
ing in the interpretation of intellectual property 
laws. 
(3) Assistance in complying with obligations 
under appropriate international copyright and intel-
lectual property treaties and agreements.
(b) CONSULTATION WITH WORLD INTELLECTUAL 
PROPERTY ORGANIZATION.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Department of State should make every effort to 
consult with, and provide appropriate assistance to, the 
World Intellectual Property Organization to promote the 
integration of non-OECD countries into the global intel-
lectual property system.
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