‘‘(c) NO
PREEMPTION.—Notwithstanding section 
20106, subsections (a) and (b) of this section do not pro-
hibit a State from continuing in force, or from enacting, 
a law, regulation, or order requiring the removal of ob-
structive vegetation from a railroad right-of-way for safety 
reasons that is more stringent than the requirements of 
the regulations prescribed pursuant to this section.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions for such subchapter II of chapter 201 is amended 
by inserting after the item relating to section 20155 the 
following new item: 
‘‘20156. Roadway user sight distance at highway-rail grade crossings.’’. 
SEC. 403. GRADE CROSSING SIGNAL VIOLATIONS. 
(a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 20151 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by amending the section heading to read as 
follows: 
‘‘§ 20151. Railroad trespassing, vandalism, and signal 
violation prevention strategy’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘and vandalism affecting 
railroad safety’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘, 
vandalism affecting railroad safety, and viola-
tions of grade crossing signals’’; 
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(B) by inserting ‘‘, concerning trespassing 
and vandalism,’’ after ‘‘such evaluation and re-
view’’; and 
(C) by inserting ‘‘The second such evalua-
tion and review, concerning violations of grade 
crossing signals, shall be completed before April 
1, 2008.’’ after ‘‘November 2, 1994.’’; 
(3) in the subsection heading of subsection (b), 
by inserting ‘‘FOR TRESPASSING AND VANDALISM 
PREVENTION’’ after ‘‘OUTREACH PROGRAM’’; 
(4) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; 
(B) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ after ‘‘MODEL LEG-
ISLATION.—’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(2) Within 18 months after the date of enactment 
of the Federal Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 2007, 
the Secretary, after consultation with State and local gov-
ernments, railroad carriers, and rail labor organizations, 
shall develop and make available to State and local govern-
ments model State legislation providing for civil or crimi-
nal penalties, or both, for violations of grade crossing sig-
nals.’’; and 
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(5) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(d) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this section, the 
term ‘violation of grade crossing signals’ includes any ac-
tion by a motorist, unless directed by an authorized safety 
officer— 
‘‘(1) to drive around a grade crossing gate in 
a position intended to block passage over railroad 
tracks; 
‘‘(2) to drive through a flashing grade crossing 
signal; 
‘‘(3) to drive through a grade crossing with pas-
sive warning signs without ensuring that the grade 
crossing could be safely crossed before any train ar-
rived; and 
‘‘(4) in the vicinity of a grade crossing, that 
creates a hazard of an accident involving injury or 
property damage at the grade crossing.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The item relating 
to section 20151 in the table of sections for subchapter 
II of chapter 201 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘20151. Railroad trespassing, vandalism, and signal violation prevention strat-
egy.’’. 
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SEC. 404. NATIONAL CROSSING INVENTORY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter II of chapter 201 of 
title 49, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
‘‘§ 20157. National crossing inventory 
‘‘(a) INITIAL REPORTING OF INFORMATION ABOUT 
PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED CROSSINGS.—Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of the Federal Railroad 
Safety Improvement Act of 2007 or 6 months after a new 
crossing becomes operational, whichever occurs later, each 
railroad carrier shall— 
‘‘(1) report to the Secretary of Transportation 
current information, including information about 
warning devices and signage, as specified by the Sec-
retary, concerning each previously unreported cross-
ing through which it operates; or 
‘‘(2) ensure that the information has been re-
ported to the Secretary by another railroad carrier 
that operates through the crossing. 
‘‘(b) UPDATING OF CROSSING INFORMATION.—(1) 
On a periodic basis beginning not later than 3 years after 
the date of enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Im-
provement Act of 2007 and on or before September 30 
of every third year thereafter, or as otherwise specified 
by the Secretary, each railroad carrier shall— 
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‘‘(A) report to the Secretary current informa-
tion, including information about warning devices 
and signage, as specified by the Secretary, con-
cerning each crossing through which it operates; or 
‘‘(B) ensure that the information has been re-
ported to the Secretary by another railroad carrier 
that operates through the crossing. 
‘‘(2) A railroad carrier that sells a crossing or any 
part of a crossing on or after the date of enactment of 
the Federal Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 2007 
shall, not later than the date that is 18 months after the 
date of enactment of that Act or 3 months after the sale, 
whichever occurs later, or as otherwise specified by the 
Secretary, report to the Secretary current information, as 
specified by the Secretary, concerning the change in own-
ership of the crossing or part of the crossing. 
‘‘(c) RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.—The Secretary shall 
prescribe the regulations necessary to implement this sec-
tion. The Secretary may enforce each provision of the De-
partment of Transportation’s statement of the national 
highway-rail crossing inventory policy, procedures, and in-
struction for States and railroads that is in effect on the 
date of enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Improve-
ment Act of 2007, until such provision is superseded by 
a regulation issued under this section. 
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‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) CROSSING.—The term ‘crossing’ means a 
location within a State, other than a location where 
one or more railroad tracks cross one or more rail-
road tracks either at grade or grade-separated, 
where— 
‘‘(A) a public highway, road, or street, or 
a private roadway, including associated side-
walks and pathways, crosses one or more rail-
road tracks either at grade or grade-separated; 
or 
‘‘(B) a pathway dedicated for the use of 
nonvehicular 
traffic, 
including 
pedestrians, 
bicyclists, and others, that is not associated 
with a public highway, road, or street, or a pri-
vate roadway, crosses one or more railroad 
tracks either at grade or grade-separated. 
‘‘(2) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means a State 
of the United States, the District of Columbia, or 
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions for such subchapter II of chapter 201 is amended 
by adding at the end the following new item: 
‘‘20157. National crossing inventory.’’. 
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(c) REPORTING AND UPDATING.—Section 130 of title 
23, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘(l) NATIONAL CROSSING INVENTORY.— 
‘‘(1) INITIAL REPORTING OF CROSSING INFOR-
MATION.—Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Improve-
ment Act of 2007 or within 6 months of a new 
crossing becoming operational, whichever occurs 
later, each State shall report to the Secretary of 
Transportation current information, including infor-
mation about warning devices and signage, as speci-
fied by the Secretary, concerning each previously un-
reported crossing located within its borders. 
‘‘(2) PERIODIC UPDATING OF CROSSING INFOR-
MATION.—On a periodic basis beginning not later 
than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Fed-
eral Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 2007 and 
on or before September 30 of every third year there-
after, or as otherwise specified by the Secretary, 
each State shall report to the Secretary current in-
formation, including information about warning de-
vices and signage, as specified by the Secretary, con-
cerning each crossing located within its borders. 
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‘‘(3) RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.—The Secretary 
shall prescribe the regulations necessary to imple-
ment this section. The Secretary may enforce each 
provision of the Department of Transportation’s 
statement of the national highway-rail crossing in-
ventory policy, procedures, and instructions for 
States and railroads that is in effect on the date of 
enactment of the Federal Railroad Safety Improve-
ment Act of 2007, until such provision is superseded 
by a regulation issued under this subsection. 
‘‘(4) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection, the 
terms ‘crossing’ and ‘State’ have the meaning given 
those terms by section 20157(d)(1) and (2), respec-
tively, of title 49.’’. 
(d) CIVIL PENALTIES.—(1) Section 21301(a)(1) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘with section 20157 or’’ after 
‘‘comply’’ in the first sentence; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘section 20157 of this title or’’ 
after ‘‘violating’’ in the second sentence. 
(2) Section 21301(a)(2) of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘The Secretary shall im-
pose a civil penalty for a violation of section 20157 of this 
title.’’ after the first sentence. 
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SEC. 405. ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT REPORTING. 
The Federal Railroad Safety Administration shall 
conduct an audit of each Class I railroad at least once 
every 2 years and conduct an audit of each non-Class I 
railroad at least once every 5 years to ensure that all grade 
crossing collisions and fatalities are reported to the na-
tional accident database. 
SEC. 406. AUTHORITY TO BUY PROMOTIONAL ITEMS TO IM-
PROVE RAILROAD CROSSING SAFETY AND 
PREVENT RAILROAD TRESPASS. 
Section 20134(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘The Sec-
retary may purchase promotional items of nominal value 
and distribute them to the public without charge as part 
of an educational or awareness program to accomplish the 
purposes of this section and of any other sections of this 
title related to improving the safety of highway-rail cross-
ings and to prevent trespass on railroad rights of way, 
and the Secretary shall prescribe guidelines for the admin-
istration of this authority.’’. 
TITLE V—ENFORCEMENT 
SEC. 501. ENFORCEMENT. 
Section 20112(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘this part or’’ in paragraph (1) 
after ‘‘enforce,’’; 
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(2) by striking ‘‘21301’’ in paragraph (2) and 
inserting ‘‘21301, 21302, or 21303’’; 
(3) by striking ‘‘subpena’’ in paragraph (3) and 
inserting ‘‘subpoena, request for admissions, request 
for production of documents or other tangible 
things, or request for testimony by deposition’’; and 
(4) by striking ‘‘chapter.’’ in paragraph (3) and 
inserting ‘‘part.’’. 
SEC. 502. CIVIL PENALTIES. 
(a) GENERAL VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTER 201.—Sec-
tion 21301(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$10,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$100,000, or the amount in which the stated min-
imum or maximum penalty, respectively, is adjusted 
if required by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation 
Adjustment Act of 1990 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note)’’; 
and 
(2) by striking the last sentence. 
(b) ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT VIOLATIONS OF CHAP-
TER 201; VIOLATIONS
OF CHAPTERS 203 THROUGH 
209.—Section 21302(a)(2) of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$10,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$100,000, or the amount to which the stated min-
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imum or maximum penalty, respectively, is adjusted 
if required by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation 
Adjustment Act of 1990 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note)’’; 
and 
(2) by striking the last sentence. 
(c) 
VIOLATIONS
OF
CHAPTER
211.—Section 
21303(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘$10,000’’ and inserting 
‘‘$100,000, or the amount to which the stated min-
imum or maximum penalty, respectively, is adjusted 
if required by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation 
Adjustment Act of 1990 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note)’’; 
and 
(2) by striking the last sentence. 
SEC. 503. CRIMINAL PENALTIES. 
Section 21311(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘$500’’ both places it appears and 
inserting ‘‘$2,500’’. 
SEC. 504. EXPANSION OF EMERGENCY ORDER AUTHORITY. 
Section 20104(a)(1) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘death or personal injury’’ and in-
serting ‘‘death, personal injury, or significant harm to the 
environment’’. 
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SEC. 505. ENFORCEMENT TRANSPARENCY. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subchapter I of chapter 201 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘§ 20118. Enforcement transparency 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 
2007, the Secretary of Transportation shall— 
‘‘(1) provide a monthly updated summary to 
the public of all railroad enforcement actions taken 
by the Secretary or the Federal Railroad Safety Ad-
ministration, from the time a notice commencing an 
enforcement action is issued until the enforcement 
action is final; 
‘‘(2) include in each such summary identifica-
tion of the railroad carrier or person involved in the 
enforcement activity, the type of alleged violation, 
the penalty or penalties proposed, any changes in 
case status since the previous summary, the final as-
sessment amount of each penalty, and the reasons 
for a reduction in the proposed penalty, if appro-
priate; and 
‘‘(3) provide a mechanism by which a railroad 
carrier or person named in an enforcement action 
may make information, explanations, or documents 
it believes are responsive to the enforcement action 
available to the public. 
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‘‘(b) ELECTRONIC AVAILABILITY.—Each summary 
under this section shall be made available to the public 
by electronic means. 
‘‘(c) RELATIONSHIP TO FOIA.—Nothing in this sec-
tion shall be construed to require disclosure of information 
or records that are exempt from disclosure under section 
552 of title 5.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections of subchapter I of chapter 201 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘20118. Enforcement transparency.’’. 
SEC. 506. INTERFERING WITH OR HAMPERING SAFETY IN-
VESTIGATIONS. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subchapter II of chapter 213 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following new section: 
‘‘§ 21312. Interfering with or hampering safety inves-
tigations 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—It shall be unlawful for any per-
son knowingly to interfere with, obstruct, or hamper an 
investigation by the Secretary of Transportation con-
ducted under section 20703 or 20902 of this title, or a 
railroad investigation by the National Transportation 
Safety Board under chapter 11 of this title. 
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‘‘(b) INTIMIDATION AND HARASSMENT.—It shall be 
unlawful for any person, with regard to an investigation 
conducted by the Secretary under section 20703 or 20902 
of this title, or a railroad investigation by the National 
Transportation Safety Board under chapter 11 of this 
title, knowingly or intentionally to use intimidation, har-
assment, threats, or physical force toward another person, 
or corruptly persuade another person, or attempt to do 
so, or engage in misleading conduct toward another per-
son, with the intent or effect of— 
‘‘(1) influencing the testimony or statement of 
any person; 
‘‘(2) hindering, delaying, preventing, or dis-
suading any person from— 
‘‘(A) attending a proceeding or interview 
with, testifying before, or providing a written 
statement to, a National Transportation Safety 
Board railroad investigator, a Federal railroad 
safety inspector or State railroad safety inspec-
tor, or their superiors; 
‘‘(B) communicating or reporting to a Na-
tional Transportation Safety Board railroad in-
vestigator, a Federal railroad safety inspector, 
or a State railroad safety inspector, or their su-
periors, information relating to the commission 
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or possible commission of one or more violations 
of this part or of chapter 51 of this title; or 
‘‘(C) recommending or using any legal 
remedy available to the Secretary under this 
title; or 
‘‘(3) causing or inducing any person to— 
‘‘(A) withhold testimony, or a statement, 
record, document, or other object, from the in-
vestigation; 
‘‘(B) alter, destroy, mutilate, or conceal a 
statement, record, document, or other object 
with intent to impair the integrity or avail-
ability of the statement, record, document, or 
other object for use in the investigation; 
‘‘(C) evade legal process summoning that 
person to appear as a witness, or to produce a 
statement, record, document, or other object, in 
the investigation; or 
‘‘(D) be absent from an investigation to 
which such person has been summoned by legal 
process. 
‘‘(c) ELEMENTS OF VIOLATION.—(1) For the pur-
poses of this section, the testimony or statement, or the 
record, document, or other object, need not be admissible 
in evidence or free from a claim of privilege. 
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‘‘(2) In a prosecution for an offense under this sec-
tion, no state of mind need be proved with respect to the 
circumstance that the investigation is being conducted by 
the Secretary under section 20703 or 20902 of this title 
or by the National Transportation Safety Board under 
chapter 11 of this title. 
‘‘(d) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.—A person violating this 
section shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not 
more than 1 year, or both.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections of subchapter II of chapter 213 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘21312. Interfering with or hampering safety investigations.’’. 
SEC. 507. RAILROAD RADIO MONITORING AUTHORITY. 
Section 20107 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) RAILROAD RADIO COMMUNICATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—To carry out the Sec-
retary’s responsibilities under this part and under 
chapter 51, the Secretary may authorize officers, 
employees, or agents of the Secretary to conduct the 
following activities in circumstances the Secretary 
finds to be reasonable: 
‘‘(A) Intercepting a radio communication 
that is broadcast or transmitted over a fre-
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quency authorized for the use of one or more 
railroad carriers by the Federal Communica-
tions Commission, with or without the consent 
of the sender or other receivers of the commu-
nication. 
‘‘(B) Communicating the existence, con-
tents, substance, purport, effect, or meaning of 
the communication, subject to the restrictions 
in paragraph (3). 
‘‘(C) Receiving or assisting in receiving the 
communication (or any information therein con-
tained). 
‘‘(D) Disclosing the contents, substance, 
purport, effect, or meaning of the communica-
tion (or any part thereof of such communica-
tion) or using the communication (or any infor-
mation contained therein), subject to the re-
strictions in paragraph (3), after having re-
ceived the communication or acquired knowl-
edge of the contents, substance, purport, effect, 
or meaning of the communication (or any part 
thereof). 
‘‘(E) Recording the communication by any 
means, including writing and tape recording. 
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‘‘(2) ACCIDENT
PREVENTION
AND
ACCIDENT 
INVESTIGATION.—The Secretary, and officers, em-
ployees, and agents of the Department of Transpor-
tation authorized by the Secretary, may engage in 
the activities authorized by paragraph (1) for the 
purpose of accident prevention and accident inves-
tigation. 
‘‘(3) USE OF INFORMATION.—(A) Information 
obtained through activities authorized by paragraphs 
(1) and (2) shall not be admitted into evidence in 
any administrative or judicial proceeding except— 
‘‘(i) in a prosecution of a felony under 
Federal or State criminal law; or 
‘‘(ii) to impeach evidence offered by a 
party other than the Federal Government re-
garding the existence, electronic characteristics, 
content, substance, purport, effect, meaning, or 
timing of, or identity of parties to, a commu-
nication intercepted pursuant to paragraphs (1) 
and (2) in proceedings pursuant to section 
5122, 5123, 20702(b), 20111, 20112, 20113, 
or 20114 of this title. 
‘‘(B) If information obtained through activities 
set forth in paragraphs (1) and (2) is admitted into 
evidence for impeachment purposes in accordance 
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with subparagraph (A), the court, administrative law 
judge, or other officer before whom the proceeding 
is conducted may make such protective orders re-
garding the confidentiality or use of the information 
as may be appropriate in the circumstances to pro-
tect privacy and administer justice. 
‘‘(C) No evidence shall be excluded in an ad-
ministrative or judicial proceeding solely because the 
government would not have learned of the existence 
of or obtained such evidence but for the interception 
of information that is not admissible in such pro-
ceeding under subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(D) Information obtained through activities 
set forth in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not be sub-
ject to publication or disclosure, or search or review 
in connection therewith, under section 552 of title 5. 
‘‘(E) Nothing in this subsection shall be con-
strued to impair or otherwise affect the authority of 
the United States to intercept a communication, and 
collect, retain, analyze, use, and disseminate the in-
formation obtained thereby, under a provision of law 
other than this subsection. 
‘‘(4) APPLICATION WITH OTHER LAW.—Section 
705 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 
605) and chapter 119 of title 18 shall not apply to 
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conduct authorized by and pursuant to this sub-
section.’’. 
SEC. 508. INSPECTOR STAFFING. 
The Secretary shall increase the total number of posi-
tions for railroad safety inspection and enforcement per-
sonnel at the Federal Railroad Safety Administration so 
that by December 31, 2008, the total number of such posi-
tion is at least 500, by December 31, 2009, the total num-
ber of such positions is at least 600, by December 31, 
2010, the total number of such positions is at least 700, 
and by December 31, 2011, the total number of positions 
is at least 800. 
TITLE VI—MISCELLANEOUS 
PROVISIONS 
SEC. 601. POSITIVE TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 12 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, each Class I railroad 
carrier shall develop and submit to the Secretary a plan 
for implementing a positive train control system by De-
cember 31, 2014, that will prevent train collisions and 
over-speed derailments, provide protection to mainte-
nance-of-way workers within established work zone limits, 
and prevent the movement of a train through a switch left 
in the wrong position. 
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(b) SAFETY REDUNDANCY.—The positive train con-
trol system required under subsection (a) shall provide a 
safety redundancy to prevent accidents by overriding 
human performance failures involving train movements on 
main line tracks. 
(c) CONTENTS OF PLAN.—The Secretary may pro-
vide technical assistance and guidance to railroad carriers 
in developing the plans required under subsection (a), and 
shall require that each railroad carrier include in the plan, 
at a minimum— 
(1) measurable goals, including a strategy and 
timeline for implementation of such systems; 
(2) a prioritization of how the systems will be 
implemented, with particular emphasis on high-risk 
corridors such as those that have significant move-
ments of hazardous materials or where commuter 
and intercity passenger railroads operate; 
(3) identification of detailed steps the carriers 
will take to implement the systems; and 
(4) any other element the Secretary considers 
appropriate. 
(d) REVIEW AND APPROVAL.—Not later than 90 days 
after the Secretary receives a plan, the Secretary shall re-
view and approve it. If the proposed plan is not approved, 
the Secretary shall notify the affected railroad carrier as 
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to the specific points in which the proposed plan is defi-
cient, and the railroad carrier shall correct all deficiencies 
within 30 days following receipt of written notice from the 
Secretary. The Secretary shall annually conduct a review 
to ensure that the railroads are complying with their 
plans. 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than December 31, 2011, the 
Secretary shall transmit a report to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate on the progress of the 
railroad carriers in implementing such positive train con-
trol systems. 
SEC. 602. WARNING IN NONSIGNALED TERRITORY. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subchapter II of chapter 201 of 
title 49, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
‘‘§ 20158. Warning in nonsignaled territory 
‘‘Not later than 12 months after the date of enact-
ment of the Federal Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 
2007, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe reg-
ulations that— 
‘‘(1) require that, along main lines in nonsig-
naled territory without a train speed enforcement 
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system that would stop a train in advance of a mis-
aligned switch, railroads install an automatically ac-
tivated device, independent of the switch banner, 
that will, visually or electronically, compellingly cap-
ture the attention of employees involved with switch 
operations and clearly convey the status of the 
switch both in daylight and darkness; and 
‘‘(2) require railroads, in nonsignaled territory 
without a train speed enforcement system that would 
stop a train in advance of a misaligned switch, and 
in the absence of switch position indicator lights or 
other automated systems that provide train crews 
with advance notice of switch positions, to operate 
those trains at speeds that will allow them to be 
safely stopped in advance of misaligned switches.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections of subchapter II of chapter 201 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘20158. Warning in nonsignaled territory.’’. 
SEC. 603. TRACK SAFETY. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subchapter II of chapter 201 of 
title 49, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following new 
section: 
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