(2) identify and test solutions to overcoming 
barriers to implementation of medication-assisted 
treatment for adolescents and young adults; or 
(3) create and distribute for pediatric health 
care providers resources on medication-assisted 
treatment training and implementation. 
(b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible to receive a 
grant under subsection (a), an entity shall— 
(1) be a State, political subdivision of a State, 
Indian tribe, tribal organization, professional pedi-
atric provider organization, professional addiction 
medicine provider, hospital, an institution of higher 
education, or other appropriate public or nonprofit 
institution; and 
(2) certify that it is in compliance with all ap-
plicable registration and licensing requirements. 
(c) APPLICATION.—To seek a grant under this sec-
tion, an entity shall submit to the Director an application 
at such time, in such manner, and containing such infor-
mation as the Director may require. 
(d) DURATION.—An eligible entity may receive funds 
under this section to carry out a demonstration program 
described in this section for a period of not greater than 
3 years. After the first year for which funding is provided 
to an eligible entity for a demonstration program, funding 
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may be provided under this section for a subsequent year 
for such program only upon review of such program by 
the Director and approval by the Director of such subse-
quent year of funding. 
(e) REPORTS.— 
(1) BY GRANT RECIPIENTS.—Each eligible enti-
ty awarded a grant under this section for a dem-
onstration program shall submit to the Director 
progress reports on such demonstration program at 
such times, in such manner, and containing such in-
formation as the Director may require. 
(2) BY DIRECTOR.—Not later than one year 
after the date on which all demonstration programs 
funded under this section have been completed, the 
Director shall submit to the Committee on Health, 
Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives a report that— 
(A) describes the availability of medication- 
assisted treatment for adolescents and young 
adults with opioid use disorders in the United 
States, including barriers to such treatment; 
(B) describes the specific demonstration 
programs carried out pursuant to this section; 
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(C) evaluates the effectiveness of such pro-
grams; 
(D) evaluates any unintended consequences 
of such programs; and 
(E) provides recommendations for ensuring 
that medication-assisted treatment is accessible 
to adolescents and young adults with opioid use 
disorders. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The phrase ‘‘adolescents and young adults’’ 
means individuals who have attained 10 years of age 
and not yet attained 26 years of age. 
(2) The term ‘‘medication-assisted treatment’’ 
means pharmacological treatments approved by the 
Food and Drug Administration, in combination with 
counseling and behavioral therapies. 
(3) The term ‘‘opioid use disorder’’ means a 
substance use disorder that is a problematic pattern 
of opioid use leading to clinically significant impair-
ment or distress occurring within a 12-month period. 
(4) The term ‘‘pediatric health care provider’’ 
means a provider of health care to individuals who 
have attained 10 years of age and not yet attained 
26 years of age. 
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(5) The term ‘‘professional pediatric provider 
organization’’ means a national organization whose 
members consist primarily of pediatric health care 
providers. 
(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out this 
section. 
SEC. 4. GAO STUDY AND REPORT ON PROGRAMS AND RE-
SEARCH RELATIVE TO SUBSTANCE USE AND 
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS AMONG ADO-
LESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS. 
(a) STUDY.—The Comptroller General of the United 
States shall conduct a study on how Federal agencies are 
addressing prevention of, treatment for, and recovery from 
substance use by and substance use disorders among ado-
lescents and young adults. Such study shall include an 
analysis of each of the following: 
(1) The research that has been, and is being, 
conducted or supported by the Federal Government 
on prevention of, treatment for, and recovery from 
substance use by and substance use disorders among 
adolescents and young adults, including an assess-
ment of— 
(A) such research relative to any unique 
circumstances (including social and biological 
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circumstances) of adolescents and young adults 
that may make adolescent-specific and young 
adult-specific treatment protocols necessary, in-
cluding any effects that substance use and sub-
stance use disorders may have on brain develop-
ment and the implications for treatment and re-
covery; and 
(B) areas of such research in which great-
er investment or focus is necessary relative to 
other areas of such research. 
(2) The Federal non-research programs and ac-
tivities that address prevention of, treatment for, 
and recovery from substance use by and substance 
use disorders among adolescents and young adults, 
including an assessment of the effectiveness of such 
programs and activities in preventing substance use 
by and substance use disorders among adolescents 
and young adults, treating such adolescents and 
young adults in a way that accounts for any unique 
circumstances faced by adolescents and young 
adults, and supports long-term recovery among ado-
lescents and young adults. 
(3) Gaps that have been identified by Federal 
officials and experts in Federal efforts relating to 
prevention of, treatment for, and recovery from sub-
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stance use by and substance use disorders among 
adolescents and young adults, including gaps in re-
search, data collection, and measures to evaluate the 
effectiveness of Federal efforts, and the reasons for 
such gaps. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of the Congress a 
report containing the results of the study conducted under 
subsection (a), including— 
(1) a summary of the findings of the study; and 
(2) recommendations based on the results of 
the study, including recommendations for such areas 
of research and legislative and administrative action 
as the Comptroller General determines appropriate. 
Æ 
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