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(1) Congress has the sole power to declare war 
under article I, section 8, clause 11 of the United 
States Constitution. 
(2) Congress has not declared war with respect 
to, or provided a specific statutory authorization for, 
the conflict between military forces led by Saudi 
Arabia, including forces from the United Arab Emir-
ates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, 
Senegal, and Sudan (the Saudi-led coalition), 
against the Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah, in 
the Republic of Yemen. 
(3) Since March 2015, members of the United 
States Armed Forces have been introduced into hos-
tilities between the Saudi-led coalition and the 
Houthis, including providing to the Saudi-led coali-
tion aerial targeting assistance, intelligence sharing, 
and mid-flight aerial refueling. 
(4) The United States has established a Joint 
Combined Planning Cell with Saudi Arabia, in which 
members of the United States Armed Forces assist 
in aerial targeting and help to coordinate military 
and intelligence activities. 
(5) In December 2017, Secretary of Defense 
James N. Mattis stated, ‘‘We have gone in to be 
very—to be helpful where we can in identifying how
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you do target analysis and how you make certain 
you hit the right thing.’’. 
(6) The conflict between the Saudi-led coalition 
and the Houthis constitutes, within the meaning of 
section 4(a) of the War Powers Resolution (50 
U.S.C. 1543(a)), either hostilities or a situation 
where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly 
indicated by the circumstances into which United 
States Armed Forces have been introduced. 
(7) Section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution 
(50 U.S.C. 1544(c)) states that, ‘‘at any time that 
United States Armed Forces are engaged in hos-
tilities outside the territory of the United States, its 
possessions and territories without a declaration of 
war or specific statutory authorization, such forces 
shall be removed by the President if the Congress so 
directs’’. 
(8) Section 8(c) of the War Powers Resolution 
(50 U.S.C. 1547(c)) defines the introduction of 
United States Armed Forces to include ‘‘the assign-
ment of members of such armed forces to command, 
coordinate, participate in the movement of, or ac-
company the regular or irregular military forces of 
any foreign country or government when such mili-
tary forces are engaged, or there exists an imminent
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threat that such forces will become engaged, in hos-
tilities’’, and activities that the United States is con-
ducting in support of the Saudi-led coalition, includ-
ing aerial refueling and targeting assistance, fall 
within this definition. 
(9) Section 1013 of the Department of State 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 
U.S.C. 1546a) provides that any joint resolution or 
bill to require the removal of United States Armed 
Forces engaged in hostilities without a declaration of 
war or specific statutory authorization shall be con-
sidered in accordance with the expedited procedures 
of section 601(b) of the International Security and 
Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94– 
329; 90 Stat. 765). 
(10) No specific statutory authorization for the 
use of United States Armed Forces with respect to 
the conflict between the Saudi-led coalition and the 
Houthis in Yemen has been enacted, and no provi-
sion of law explicitly authorizes the provision of tar-
geting assistance or of midair refueling services to 
warplanes of Saudi Arabia or the United Arab Emir-
ates that are engaged in such conflict.
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(11) It is in the national security interest of the 
United States to combat anti-Semitism around the 
world because— 
(A) anti-Semitism is a challenge to the 
basic principles of tolerance, pluralism, and de-
mocracy, and the shared values that bind Amer-
icans together; 
(B) there has been a significant amount of 
anti-Semitic and anti-Israel hatred that must 
be most strongly condemned; and 
(C) there is an urgent need to ensure the 
safety and security of Jewish communities, in-
cluding synagogues, schools, cemeteries, and 
other institutions. 
(12) It is in the foreign policy interest of the 
United States to continue to emphasize the impor-
tance of combating anti-Semitism in our bilateral 
and multilateral relations, including with the United 
Nations, European Union institutions, Arab League, 
and the Organization for Security and Cooperation 
in Europe. 
(13) Because it is important to the national se-
curity interest of the United States to maintain 
strong bipartisan support for Israel, the only democ-
racy in the Middle East, all attempts to delegitimize
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and deny Israel’s right to exist must be denounced 
and rejected. 
(14) It is in the national security interest of the 
United States to oppose restrictive trade practices or 
boycotts fostered or imposed by any foreign country 
against other countries friendly to the United States 
or against any United States person. 
SEC. 2. REMOVAL OF UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES 
FROM HOSTILITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF 
YEMEN THAT HAVE NOT BEEN AUTHORIZED 
BY CONGRESS. 
Pursuant to section 1013 of the Department of State 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 
U.S.C. 1546a) and in accordance with the provisions of 
section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94– 
329; 90 Stat. 765), Congress hereby directs the President 
to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities in 
or affecting the Republic of Yemen, except United States 
Armed Forces engaged in operations directed at al-Qaeda 
or associated forces, by not later than the date that is 
30 days after the date of the enactment of this joint reso-
lution (unless the President requests and Congress author-
izes a later date), and unless and until a declaration of 
war or specific authorization for such use of United States
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Armed Forces has been enacted. For purposes of this reso-
lution, in this section, the term ‘‘hostilities’’ includes in- 
flight refueling of, non-United States aircraft conducting 
missions as part of the ongoing civil war in Yemen. 
SEC. 3. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING CONTINUED 
MILITARY OPERATIONS AND COOPERATION 
WITH ISRAEL. 
Nothing in this joint resolution may be construed to 
influence or disrupt any military operations and coopera-
tion with Israel. 
SEC. 4. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING INTEL-
LIGENCE SHARING. 
Nothing in this joint resolution may be construed to 
influence or disrupt any intelligence, counterintelligence, 
or investigative activities conducted by, or in conjunction 
with, the United States Government involving— 
(1) the collection of intelligence; 
(2) the analysis of intelligence; or 
(3) the sharing of intelligence between the 
United States and any foreign country if the Presi-
dent determines such sharing is appropriate and in 
the national security interests of the United States.