‘‘(B) are sensitive to human-induced envi-
ronmental degradation; 
‘‘(C) are or will be significantly stressed by 
human activities; 
‘‘(D) due to prevailing or anticipated future 
environmental conditions, are or may become 
important to the health of managed species; or 
‘‘(E) are rare. 
‘‘(7) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary such funds as may be necessary to carry out 
the requirements of this section.’’. 
SEC. 309. OCEAN AQUACULTURE RESEARCH AND POLICY 
PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall estab-
lish a program to address opportunities, challenges, and in-
novation in non-finfish, small-scale restorative ocean aqua-
culture development, siting, and operations in the coastal 
waters and exclusive economic zone through— 
(1) investment in research and technical assist-
ance to ensure adverse impacts to the marine environ-
ment can be fully understood, anticipated, accounted 
for, and avoided and impacts to wild-capture fish-
eries, marine wildlife, and habitat minimized during 
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the species selection, design, development, siting, and 
operation of aquaculture facilities; and 
(2) the development and application of best man-
agement practices to ensure the species selection, de-
sign, development, siting, and operation of restorative 
ocean aquaculture maximizes potential benefits while 
minimizing potential adverse impacts to the marine 
environment, marine wildlife, and wild-capture fish-
eries. 
(b) USE
OF EXISTING PROGRAMS.—The Adminis-
trator shall use grant and research programs available to 
the Administrator to support the design, development, 
siting, and operation of restorative ocean aquaculture using 
best management practices to maximize potential benefits 
and minimize potential adverse impacts to the marine envi-
ronment. 
(c) PRIORITIZATION IN OTHER PROGRAMS.—In car-
rying out other programs relating to aquaculture research 
and development, the Administrator shall prioritize restora-
tive ocean aquaculture, including in carrying out— 
(1) the Small Business Innovation Research Pro-
gram of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration; 
(2) National Sea Grant College Program; and 
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(3) section 2 of the Act of August 11, 1939 (15 
U.S.C. 713c–3). 
(d) PRIORITIZATION WITHIN THE PROGRAM.—In car-
rying out the program established by this section, the Ad-
ministrator shall prioritize support for research and tech-
nology development that includes— 
(1) design analyses of restorative aquaculture 
systems to maximize ecosystem benefits while avoid-
ing adverse impacts to the marine environment and 
wild-capture fisheries, marine wildlife, and habitat; 
(2) spatial analyses to understand and evaluate 
where siting of restorative aquaculture can minimize 
adverse impacts to migratory birds, shorebirds, and 
waterbirds, marine birds and mammals, endangered 
species, and other aspects of the current and projected 
future marine ecosystem; 
(3) design, spatial, and environmental analysis 
to understand and evaluate how siting and operations 
of land-based restorative aquaculture could impact 
surrounding communities and ecosystems; 
(4) monitoring both the individual and cumu-
lative environmental impacts of current and proposed 
small-scale aquaculture operations to inform potential 
impacts of large-scale operations and siting; 
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(5) offshore monitoring, remediation, and miti-
gation technology development; and 
(6) understanding and preparing for impacts 
that climate change may have on design development, 
siting, and operations of restorative aquaculture fa-
cilities and the marine environment. 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the National Academies shall 
submit to the Administrator and to Congress a report that 
reviews, compiles, and synthesizes existing technologies and 
assessments of restorative ocean aquaculture to further in-
form ongoing research and technical assistance funded 
under subsection (c). 
(f) CONTENT.—The report required by subsection (e) 
shall include the following: 
(1) A quantitative assessment of the capacity for 
sequestering and storing significant amounts of car-
bon from the atmosphere and ocean to mitigate the 
impacts of climate change. 
(2) A comprehensive assessment of the blue car-
bon potential for an aquaculture project, including its 
potential environmental impacts and cumulative im-
pacts on native marine species and marine habitat 
and the potential adverse wildlife interactions likely 
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to result from the use of restorative aquaculture tech-
nologies in use or under development worldwide. 
(3) A comprehensive assessment of the potential 
impacts, including cumulative impacts, to wild-cap-
ture fisheries, marine wildlife, and habitats and the 
productivity thereof likely to result from the use of re-
storative aquaculture technologies in use or under de-
velopment worldwide. 
(4) An assessment of any known ecosystems serv-
ices that have been derived from restorative ocean 
aquaculture and design, including siting and size pa-
rameters that maximize those benefits. 
(5) A detailed discussion of the mitigation meas-
ures available currently to reduce any negative envi-
ronmental or wild-capture fisheries, marine wildlife, 
or habitat impacts identified and their degree of effi-
cacy, as well as the real-time facility monitoring op-
tions available. 
(6) Recommendations of regionally relevant 
siting, installation, and operations standards nec-
essary to ensure that restorative ocean aquaculture fa-
cilities are developed and operated in a manner 
which minimizes impacts to the marine environment 
and avoids and minimizes harmful interactions with 
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marine wildlife and habitat or conflict with other ex-
isting ocean-user groups. 
(7) Economic analysis identifying the potential 
benefits and impacts to commercial and recreational 
fishing and marine recreation industries resulting 
from restorative ocean aquaculture. 
(8) Recommendations for further research and 
assessments that should be supported. 
(9) A sustainability classification system to as-
sess the various types of restorative aquaculture on a 
range of life cycle ecological and social benefits and 
provides a composite score with which to rank such 
types of restorative aquaculture. 
(g) RESTORATIVE OCEAN AQUACULTURE DEFINED.— 
The term ‘‘restorative ocean aquaculture’’ means ocean and 
coastal propagation of seaweed or shellfish farming that 
generates positive ecological and social impact. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry 
out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 
through 2026. 
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TITLE IV—COASTAL BARRIER 
RESOURCE ACT AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 401. UNDEVELOPED COASTAL BARRIER. 
Section 3(1) of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 
U.S.C. 3502(1)) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
by striking ‘‘means’’ and inserting ‘‘includes’’; 
(2) in subparagraph (A)— 
(A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
inserting ‘‘bluff,’’ after ‘‘barrier spit,’’; and 
(B) in clause (ii), by inserting ‘‘and related 
lands’’ after ‘‘aquatic habitats’’; 
(3) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ‘‘, includ-
ing areas that are and will be vulnerable to coastal 
hazards, such as flooding, storm surge, wind, erosion, 
and sea level rise’’ after ‘‘nearshore waters’’; and 
(4) in the matter following subparagraph (B), by 
striking ‘‘, and man’s activities on such features and 
within such habitats,’’. 
SEC. 402. COASTAL HAZARD PILOT PROJECT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) PROJECT.—The Secretary of the Interior, in 
consultation with the Administrator of the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the 
Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management 
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Agency, shall carry out a coastal hazard pilot project 
to propose definitions and criteria and produce draft 
digital maps of areas, including coastal mainland 
areas, which could be added to the John H. Chafee 
Coastal Barrier Resources System that are and will 
be vulnerable to coastal hazards, such as flooding, 
storm surge, wind, erosion and sea level rise, and 
areas not in such System to which barriers and asso-
ciated habitats are likely to migrate or be lost as sea 
level rises. 
(2) NUMBER OF UNITS.—The project carried out 
under this section shall consist of the creation of maps 
for at least 10 percent of the System and may also 
identify additional new System units. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than two years after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 
Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a 
report describing the results of the pilot project and 
the proposed definitions and criteria and costs of 
completing coastal hazard maps for the entire System. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The report shall include a de-
scription of— 
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(A) the final recommended digital maps 
created under the coastal hazard pilot project; 
(B) recommendations for the adoption of the 
digital maps created under this section by Con-
gress; 
(C) a summary of the comments received 
from the Governors of the States, other govern-
ment officials, and the public regarding the defi-
nitions, criteria, and maps; 
(D) a description of the criteria used for the 
project and any related recommendations; and 
(E) the amount of funding necessary for 
completing coastal hazard maps for the entire 
System. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall prepare the 
report required under subsection (b)— 
(1) in consultation with the Governors of the 
States in which any newly identified areas are lo-
cated; and 
(2) after— 
(A) providing an opportunity for the sub-
mission of public comments; and 
(B) considering any public comments sub-
mitted under subparagraph (A). 
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SEC. 403. REPORT ON EXPANDING COASTAL BARRIER RE-
SOURCES ACT TO THE PACIFIC COAST, IN-
CLUDING PACIFIC TERRITORIES AND FREELY 
ASSOCIATED STATES. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
(1) PACIFIC TERRITORIES AND FREELY ASSOCI-
ATED
STATES.—The term ‘‘Pacific Territories and 
Freely Associated States’’ means each of American 
Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands, the Republic of the Marshall Is-
lands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau. 
(2) UNDEVELOPED
COASTAL
BARRIER.—The 
term ‘‘undeveloped coastal barrier’’ has the meaning 
given the term in section 3 of the Coastal Barrier Re-
sources Act (16 U.S.C. 3502). 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior 
shall prepare and submit a report to Congress on ways to 
integrate the Pacific Coast of the United States, including 
in the Pacific Territories and Freely Associated States into 
the John H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall prepare the 
report required under subsection (b)— 
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(1) in consultation with the Governors of the af-
fected States, Pacific Territories, and Freely Associ-
ated States; and 
(2) after providing an opportunity for the sub-
mission and consideration of public comments. 
(d) CONTENTS.—The report required under subsection 
(b) shall— 
(1) examine the potential for loss of human life 
and damage to fish, wildlife, and other natural re-
sources, and the potential for the wasteful expenditure 
of Federal revenues along the Pacific Coast, giving 
particular attention to tsunami, flood, erosion, and 
storm damage, and sea level rise impacts; 
(2) consider the biophysical processes needed to 
maintain habitat functions and coastal resiliency, ac-
counting for climate and land-use change; and 
(3) evaluate ways in which the definition of the 
term ‘‘undeveloped coastal barrier’’ under section 3 of 
the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 U.S.C. 3502) 
could be expanded to more accurately address the ge-
ology and functions of coastal barriers in areas along 
the Pacific Coast, including in the Pacific Territories 
and Freely Associated States, including the ways in 
which coastal bluffs, rocky outcroppings, beaches, wet-
lands, estuaries, coral reefs, mangroves, and other 
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landforms in such areas function as coastal barriers 
by absorbing storm impacts, protecting inland com-
munities from sea level rise impacts, providing habi-
tat, and being subject to erosion. 
(e) PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION OF MAPS.— 
(1) PREPARATION.—As soon as practicable after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall prepare maps identifying the boundaries of those 
undeveloped coastal barriers of the United States 
along the Pacific Coast, including in the Pacific Ter-
ritories and Freely Associated States. 
(2) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 
three years after the date of submission of the report 
under subsection (b), the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress maps identifying the boundaries of those un-
developed coastal barriers of the United States along 
the Pacific Coast, including the Pacific Territories 
and Freely Associated States, that the Secretary con-
siders to be appropriate for inclusion in the John H. 
Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System. 
SEC. 404. REQUIRE DISCLOSURE TO PROSPECTIVE BUYERS 
THAT PROPERTY IS IN THE COASTAL BAR-
RIER RESOURCES SYSTEM. 
Section 5 of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 
U.S.C. 3504) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
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‘‘(c) DISCLOSURE OF LIMITATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT.—No person shall sell any 
interest in real property located in the System unless 
the person has disclosed to the buyer that the property 
is in the System and subject to the limitations under 
this section. 
‘‘(2) NOTIFICATION TO LANDOWNERS.— 
‘‘(A) As soon as practicable, the Adminis-
trator shall provide written notice to any person 
with an interest in real property located within 
the System— 
‘‘(i) that such property is located with 
the System and that sale of any such inter-
est in any such property is subject to the re-
quirements of this subsection; and 
‘‘(ii) of any boundary modification af-
fecting such person’s interest prior to, any 
boundary modifications taking affect, re-
gardless of whether— 
‘‘(I) any such modification is 
made by Congress or any other admin-
istering agency; 
‘‘(II) is technical in nature; or 
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‘‘(III) the modification is an ad-
dition or reduction of lands and 
waters. 
‘‘(B) There is authorized to be appropriated 
such sums as may be necessary to carry out this 
paragraph. 
‘‘(3) NOTIFICATION
TO
THE
SECRETARY.—Not 
later than 60 days after the date of sale of any inter-
est in real property located in the System, the seller 
shall notify the Secretary using the online system re-
quired by paragraph (4) of such sale and shall certify 
to the Secretary that such seller complied with the re-
quirements of paragraph (1). 
‘‘(4) ONLINE
REPORTING
SYSTEM.—Not later 
than one year after the date of the enactment of the 
Ocean-Based Climate Solutions Act of 2022, the Sec-
retary shall establish and maintain an online report-
ing system to facilitate notifications to the Secretary 
required by paragraph (3). 
‘‘(5) CIVIL PENALTY.—Any person who violates 
this subsection shall be subject to a civil penalty of 
not more than $10,000.’’. 
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SEC. 405. IMPROVE FEDERAL AGENCY COMPLIANCE WITH 
COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCES ACT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 7 of the Coastal Barrier 
Resources Act (16 U.S.C. 3506) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘the Coastal Barrier Im-
provement Act of 1990’’ and inserting ‘‘Ocean- 
Based Climate Solutions Act of 2022’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘promulgate regulations’’ 
and inserting ‘‘revise or promulgate regulations 
and guidance, as necessary,’’; and 
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) REPORTS AND CERTIFICATION.— 
‘‘(1) REPORTS.—The head of each Federal agen-
cy affected by this Act shall annually report to the 
Secretary that such agency is in compliance with this 
Act. 
‘‘(2) CERTIFICATION.—The Secretary shall annu-
ally certify whether each such agency is in compli-
ance with this Act. 
‘‘(3) FAILURE TO COMPLY.—If the Secretary cer-
tifies that an agency is not in compliance with this 
Act, the head of the agency shall report to Congress 
not later than 90 days after the date of such certifi-
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cation regarding how the agency will achieve compli-
ance.’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Section 3(2) of the 
Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 U.S.C. 3502(2)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘Committee on Resources’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘Committee on Natural Resources’’. 
SEC. 406. EXCESS FEDERAL PROPERTY. 
Section 4(e) of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 
U.S.C. 3503(e)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) EXCESS
FEDERAL
PROPERTY.—Notwith-
standing the provisions of section 3(1) and subsection 
(g) of this Act, the term ‘undeveloped coastal barrier’ 
means any coastal barrier regardless of the degree of 
development.’’. 
SEC. 407. EMERGENCY EXCEPTIONS TO LIMITATIONS ON 
EXPENDITURES. 
Section 6(a) of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 
U.S.C. 3505(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (6), by striking subparagraph 
(E) and redesignating subparagraphs (F) and (G) as 
subparagraphs (E) and (F), respectively; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
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‘‘(7) Emergency actions necessary to the saving 
of lives and the protection of property and the public 
health and safety, if such actions are performed pur-
suant to sections 402, 403, and 502 of the Robert T. 
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance 
Act (42 U.S.C. 5107a; 5170b; and 5192) and are lim-
ited to actions that are necessary to alleviate the im-
mediate emergency.’’. 
SEC. 408. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 10 of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (16 
U.S.C. 3510) is amended by striking ‘‘$2,000,000’’ and all 
that follows through the end of the sentence and inserting 
‘‘$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’. 
TITLE V—COASTAL ZONE MAN-
AGEMENT ACT AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 501. GRANTS TO FURTHER ACHIEVEMENT OF TRIBAL 
COASTAL ZONE OBJECTIVES. 
(a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Coastal Zone Man-
agement Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 320. GRANTS TO FURTHER ACHIEVEMENT OF TRIBAL 
COASTAL ZONE OBJECTIVES. 
‘‘(a) GRANTS
AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary may 
award competitive grants to Indian Tribes to further 
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achievement of the objectives of such a Tribe for such Tribe’s 
Tribal coastal zone. 
‘‘(b) COST SHARE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Federal share of the cost 
of any activity carried out with a grant of $200,000 
or more under this section shall not exceed 95 percent 
of such cost, except as provided in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive the ap-
plication of paragraph (1) with respect to a grant to 
an Indian Tribe, or otherwise reduce the portion of 
the share of the cost of an activity required to be paid 
by an Indian Tribe under such paragraph. 
‘‘(c) COMPATIBILITY.—The Secretary may not award 
a grant under this section unless the Secretary determines 
that the activities to be carried out with the grant are com-
patible with this title. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZED OBJECTIVES
AND PURPOSES.— 
Amounts awarded as a grant under this section shall be 
used for 1 or more of the objectives and purposes authorized 
under subsections (b) and (c), respectively, of section 306A. 
‘‘(e) FUNDING.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary $5,000,000 to carry out this section 
for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, of which up to 
5 percent may be retained by NOAA to administer this sec-
tion. 
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‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
‘‘(1) INDIAN LAND.—The term ‘Indian land’ has 
the meaning given such term in section 2601 of the 
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (25 U.S.C. 3501) and the 
Indian Tribe is within a coastal State, as that term 
is defined in section 304(4) (16 U.S.C. 1453(4)). 
‘‘(2) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘Indian Tribe’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
‘‘(3) TRIBAL COASTAL ZONE.—The term ‘Tribal 
coastal zone’ means any Indian land that is within 
the coastal zone, as that term is defined in section 
304(1) (16 U.S.C. 1453(1)). 
‘‘(4) TRIBAL
COASTAL
ZONE
OBJECTIVE.—The 
term ‘Tribal coastal zone objective’ means, with re-
spect to an Indian Tribe, any of the following objec-
tives: 
‘‘(A) Protection, restoration, or preservation 
of areas in the Tribal coastal zone of such Tribe 
that hold— 
‘‘(i) important ecological, cultural, or 
sacred significance for such Tribe; or 
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‘‘(ii) traditional, historic, and aesthetic 
values essential to such Tribe. 
‘‘(B) Preparing and implementing a special 
area management plan and technical planning 
for important coastal areas. 
‘‘(C) Any coastal or shoreline stabilization 
measure, including any mitigation measure, for 
the purpose of public safety, public access, or cul-
tural or historical preservation.’’. 
(b) GUIDANCE.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall issue 
guidance for the program established under the amendment 
made by subsection (a), including the criteria for awarding 
grants under such program based on consultation with In-
dian Tribes. 
(c) USE OF STATE GRANTS TO FULFILL TRIBAL OB-
JECTIVES.—Section 306A(c)(2) of the Coastal Zone Man-
agement Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1455a(c)(2)) is amended 
by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon at the end of subpara-
graph (D), by striking the period at the end of subpara-
graph (E) and inserting ‘‘; and’’, and by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘(F) fulfilling any Tribal coastal zone objective 
(as that term is defined in section 320).’’. 
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(d) OTHER PROGRAMS NOT AFFECTED.—Nothing in 
this section and the amendments made by this section may 
be construed to affect the ability of an Indian Tribe to 
apply for, receive assistance under, or participate in any 
program authorized by the Coastal Zone Management Act 
of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.) or other related Federal 
laws. 
SEC. 502. ELIGIBILITY OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FOR FED-
ERAL FUNDING. 
Section 304(4) of the Coastal Zone Management Act 
of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1453(4)) is amended by inserting ‘‘the 
District of Columbia,’’ after ‘‘the term also includes’’. 
SEC. 503. COASTAL AND ESTUARINE RESILIENCE AND RES-
TORATION PROGRAM. 
Section 307A of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1456–1) is amended— 
(1) by striking the heading and inserting 
‘‘COASTAL
AND
ESTUARINE
RESILIENCE
AND
RES-
TORATION PROGRAM’’; 
(2) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may conduct a 
Coastal and Estuarine Resilience and Restoration Pro-
gram, in cooperation with State, regional, and other units 
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of government and the National Estuarine Research Re-
serves, for the purposes of— 
‘‘(1) protecting important coastal and estuarine 
areas that— 
‘‘(A) have significant conservation, recre-
ation, coastal access, ecological, historical, or aes-
thetic value; 
‘‘(B) are threatened by conversion from 
their natural, undeveloped, or recreational state 
to other uses; or 
‘‘(C) could be managed or restored to effec-
tively conserve, enhance, or restore ecological 
function or mitigate climate change; or 
‘‘(2) restoring developed property in vulnerable 
coastal and estuarine areas to a natural state to re-
store ecological function, allow for shoreline migra-
tion, and protect coastal communities.’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by amending paragraph (7) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(7) Priority shall be given to lands that— 
‘‘(A) can be effectively managed and pro-
tected and that have significant recreation, eco-
logical, historical, cultural, aesthetic, or commu-
nity protection value; 
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‘‘(B) to the maximum extent practicable, 
benefit communities that may not have adequate 
resources to prepare for or respond to coastal 
hazards or to access the coastline, including low- 
income communities, communities of color, Trib-
al and Indigenous communities, and rural com-
munities; and 
‘‘(C)(i) are under an imminent threat of 
conversion to a use that will degrade or other-
wise diminish their natural, undeveloped, or rec-
reational state; 
‘‘(ii) serve to mitigate the adverse impacts 
caused by coastal population growth in the 
coastal environment; 
‘‘(iii) are within or adjacent to a national 
estuarine research reserve designated under sec-
tion 315, a national wildlife refuge, or a na-
tional estuary program, or are proposed for des-
ignation as such a reserve or other such protected 
area; or 
‘‘(iv) are under threat due to climate change 
or may serve to mitigate the adverse effects of cli-
mate change, including through the storage of 
blue carbon, and to facilitate inland migration 
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of coastal ecosystems in response to sea level 
rise.’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (10), by striking ‘‘tri-
ennially’’ and inserting ‘‘every 5 years’’; 
(4) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (2)(B), by inserting ‘‘for 
any territory of the United States that is unable 
to provide such match,’’ after ‘‘community,’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking 
‘‘meets the criteria set forth in section 2(b)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘the goals set forth in sub-
section (b)’’; 
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
redesignating subparagraph (C) as subpara-
graph (B); 
(iii) in subparagraph (B) (as so redes-
ignated), by striking ‘‘described in (A)’’ and 
inserting ‘‘described in subparagraph (A)’’; 
(iv) by inserting at the end the fol-
lowing new subparagraph: 
‘‘(C) The value of ecosystem services that the 
acquired land provides, including as a buffer for 
storm surge, habitat for economically valuable 
species, and as a blue carbon sink.’’; 
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(5) in subsection (g), by striking ‘‘15’’ and in-
serting ‘‘20’’; 
(6) in subsection (h), by striking the second sen-
tence; and 
(7) in subsection (l), by striking ‘‘fiscal years 
2009 through 2013’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2022 
through 2026’’. 
SEC. 504. COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT FUND. 
Section 308 of Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 
(16 U.S.C. 1456a) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 308. COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT FUND. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a fund, to 
be known as the ‘Coastal Zone Management Fund’, which 
shall consist of fees deposited into the Fund under section 
307(i)(3) and any other funds appropriated to the Fund. 
‘‘(b) GRANTS FOR POST-DISASTER RECOVERY TO SE-
VERE COASTAL FLOOD EVENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In response to a major dis-
aster declared under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster 
Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 
et seq.) as a result of flood and related damages in 
the coastal zone of a State, the Secretary may issue 
a grant to such State for a purpose described in para-
graph (2). 
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‘‘(2) ELIGIBLE USES.—A State may use funds 
provided under this subsection to— 
‘‘(A) improve resilience to future severe 
coastal flood hazards including activities and 
projects related to— 
‘‘(i) publicly owned infrastructure; 
‘‘(ii) residential and commercial struc-
tures; 
‘‘(iii) natural infrastructure; or 
‘‘(iv) waste disposal sites and indus-
trial facilities; 
‘‘(B) assess damages after a major disaster 
described in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(C) plan, design, or engineer a project to— 
‘‘(i) restore, expand, install, or relocate 
natural infrastructure; 
‘‘(ii) remove damaged assets, restore 
sites to safe conditions, and select alter-
native sites; or 
‘‘(iii) facilitate the landward migra-
tion of coastal ecosystems; or 
‘‘(D) implement a project described by sub-
paragraph (C). 
‘‘(c) GRANTS FOR SEVERE COASTAL FLOOD HAZARD 
PLANNING.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, at the request 
of a Governor of a coastal State or Tribe, may use 
amounts in the Fund to issue a grant to a coastal 
State or Tribe for developing a plan for the timely re-
sponse to a severe coastal flood hazard. 
‘‘(2) PROPOSAL.—To be considered for a grant 
under this section, a State or Tribe shall submit a 
grant proposal to the Secretary in a time, place, and 
manner determined by the Secretary. Such proposal 
shall— 
‘‘(A) describe the risks that severe coastal 
flood hazards pose in the State or Tribe and 
goals for reducing loss of life and property and 
sustaining coastal ecosystems in response to these 
risks; 
‘‘(B) include consideration of related plans 
including the Coastal Zone Management Plan of 
the State or Tribe, the Hazard Mitigation Plan 
of the State or Tribe, applicable State plans 
under the Community Development Block Pro-
gram, National Estuarine Research Reserve Dis-
aster Mitigation and Response plans, and the se-
vere coastal flood hazard preparedness plans, if 
any, of neighboring States; 
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100 
‘‘(C) be developed in conjunction with local 
governments in the coastal zone of the State or 
Tribe and provided for public review and com-
ment on the plan, including holding a public 
hearing and engaging disadvantaged commu-
nities; and 
‘‘(D) be substantially consistent with the 
guidance issued under subsection (e)(1)(C). 
‘‘(3) CRITERIA.—In determining the amount of a 
grant under this subsection, the Secretary shall con-
sider the— 
‘‘(A) area and population of the coastal 
zone of the applicant State or Tribe; 
‘‘(B) the risks that severe coastal flood haz-
ards pose to the State or Tribe; and 
‘‘(C) the reduction of severe coastal flood 
hazards expected as a result of the proposal. 
‘‘(4) LIMITATION ON AMOUNT OF FUNDS TO BE 
AWARDED.—Grants made pursuant to this subsection 
in any fiscal year shall not exceed 50 percent of the 
funds in the Fund as a result of appropriations pur-
suant to subsection (i)(1). 
‘‘(d) GRANTS FOR SEVERE COASTAL FLOOD HAZARD 
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION.— 
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101 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, at the Sec-
retary’s discretion or at the request of the Governor 
of a State or Tribe, may use amounts in the Fund 
to issue grants to a coastal State or Tribe or National 
Estuarine Research Reserve with a severe coastal 
flood hazard preparedness plan approved under sub-
section (c) to implement the approved plan. 
‘‘(2) ELIGIBLE
ACTIVITIES.—Activities eligible 
for funding under this subsection include— 
‘‘(A) conducting a public awareness cam-
paign to inform the public and decisionmakers 
about severe coastal flood hazards; 
‘‘(B) developing, enacting, and admin-
istering a State or Tribe or local law prohibiting 
new and significantly expanded development in 
areas at risk of severe coastal flood hazards; 
‘‘(C) developing, enacting, and admin-
istering a State or Tribal requirement for disclo-
sure of severe coastal flood hazards, including sea 
level rise, to buyers of real estate; 
‘‘(D) making grants to local governments, 
or regional consortiums of local governments, to 
implement the State or Tribe’s plan, including 
development of local or regional plans and site- 
specific plans or projects; and 
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102 
‘‘(E) planning, designing, and imple-
menting projects to— 
‘‘(i) protect existing public infrastruc-
ture and residential and commercial prop-
erties, including built structures, natural 
infrastructure, and living shorelines; 
‘‘(ii) relocate infrastructure or struc-
tures at risk of damage by severe coastal 
flood hazards, restore such sites to safe con-
ditions, and select alternative sites; 
‘‘(iii) remove structures damaged by 
severe coastal flood hazards and restore such 
site to safe conditions; 
‘‘(iv) protect waste disposal facilities 
in areas at risk of severe coastal flood haz-
ards or relocate such facilities to alternative 
sites; and 
‘‘(v) facilitate the landward migration 
of coastal ecosystems. 
‘‘(3) CRITERIA.—Grants made pursuant to this 
subsection shall be in response to an annual request 
for proposals. In determining the amount of a grant, 
the Secretary shall consider— 
‘‘(A) the area and population of the coastal 
zone of the State or Tribe; 
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‘‘(B) the risks that severe coastal flood haz-
ards pose in the State or Tribe’s lands and the 
reduction of coastal flood hazards expected as a 
result of the proposal; 
‘‘(C) 
demonstration 
of 
innovative 
ap-
proaches to preparing for severe coastal flood 
hazards; and 
‘‘(D) benefits to disadvantaged communities 
identified in a plan approved under this sub-
section. 
‘‘(e) TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO STATES OR TRIBES.— 
‘‘(1) The Secretary shall take such actions as the 
Secretary determines necessary to support States and 
Tribes in carrying out this section, including at a 
minimum the following: 
‘‘(A) Periodic assessment of storm flood risk 
and relative sea level and lake level changes 
along the United States coastline, including esti-
mates of changes in storm intensity and relative 
sea or lake levels by 2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100. 
‘‘(B) Operation of an online mapping tool 
to describe areas at risk of temporary flooding 
from future coastal storms and permanent inun-
dation as a result of sea or long-term lake level 
changes. 
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‘‘(C) Publication, not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this section 
and periodically thereafter, of guidance for the 
development of State or Tribal plans developed 
pursuant to subsection (d). 
‘‘(D) Establishment, not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this section, of 
minimum criteria for disclosure of severe coastal 
flood hazards, including sea level rise, to buyers 
of real estate in the coastal zone. 
‘‘(E) Creation, not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this section, and 
periodic updating, of an online dashboard de-
scribing the key features of State, Tribe, or local 
government requirements for disclosure of severe 
coastal flood hazards to buyers of real estate. 
‘‘(F) Establishment, not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this section, 
after consultation with the Secretary of the En-
vironmental Protection Agency, of standards for 
restoration to safe conditions of sites from which 
infrastructure or other structures have been relo-
cated. 
‘‘(2) The guidance developed by the Secretary 
pursuant to paragraph (1)(C) shall, at a minimum— 
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‘‘(A) provide information States and Tribes 
need to establish State-specific estimates of severe 
coastal flood hazards, including more severe 
storms and relative sea and lake levels, and 
planning targets for such hazards for the years 
2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100; 
‘‘(B) describe approaches the State and 
Tribe should consider to prohibit new or ex-
panded development in areas at risk of severe 
coastal flood hazards; 
‘‘(C) outline considerations for State and 
Tribal grants to support local governments in 
the coastal zone, or consortiums of such govern-
ments acting on a regional basis, in developing 
or implementing parts of a plan pursuant to 
subsection (d); 
‘‘(D) describe methods for evaluation of re-
sponse options including construction of struc-
tures to protect assets and relocation to alter-
native sites, including cost comparison in the 
context of available resources, and related consid-
erations; 
‘‘(E) review options for establishing prior-
ities for removal of damaged or abandoned struc-
tures and restoration of sites to safe conditions; 
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106 
‘‘(F) describe social justice policies and 
practices the State or Tribe should consider 
adopting in carrying out the activities under 
this section, including criteria for identifying 
disadvantaged communities within the coastal 
zone of the State or Tribe and the policies and 
practices the State or Tribe should consider 
adopting to assure that interests of such commu-
nities are addressed in State or Tribal plans de-
veloped pursuant to this section; 
‘‘(G) identify areas in coastal communities, 
or other locations in the State or Tribe’s land, 
that have minimal severe coastal flood hazards, 
that are appropriate for relocation of people and 
property, and can sustain the identity and cul-
tural heritage of relocated communities; 
‘‘(H) provide information and practices for 
identifying coastal areas that are important to 
the successful landward migration of ecosystems 
in response to severe coastal flood hazards and 
measures for protecting these migration path-
ways; 
‘‘(I) identify tools to identify waste disposal 
sites and related sites that pose a risk of water 
pollution as a result of severe coastal flood haz-
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107 
ards and describe practices the State or Tribe 
should consider to protect or relocate such facili-
ties or sites; and 
‘‘(J) describe opportunities to improve pub-
lic access to the shoreline as a result of improved 
preparedness for severe coastal flood hazards. 
‘‘(f) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary may use 
amounts in the Fund for expenses incident to the adminis-
tration of this section, in an amount not to exceed $250,000 
or 3 percent of the amount in the Fund, whichever is less, 
for each fiscal year. 
‘‘(g) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—The Secretary shall, not 
later than three years after the date of the enactment of 
this section and every 3 years thereafter, submit to the Com-
mittee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate a report describing the development of 
plans and projects under this section, changes in severe 
coastal flood hazards, including changes to risks to dis-
advantaged communities, and making recommendations to 
better respond to these challenges. 
‘‘(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
‘‘(1) SEVERE
COASTAL
FLOOD
HAZARDS.—The 
term ‘severe coastal flood hazards’ means— 
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108 
‘‘(A) temporary flooding resulting from 
coastal storms and storm surge, tsunamis, and 
changing lake levels; and 
‘‘(B) permanent inundation from rising sea 
levels and land subsidence, including landward 
migration of shorelines impacting residential 
and commercial property, infrastructure, and 
ecosystems. 
‘‘(2) NATURAL
INFRASTRUCTURE.—The term 
‘natural infrastructure’ means coastal wetlands, 
beaches, dunes, marshes, mangrove forests, oyster beds, 
submerged aquatic vegetation, coral reefs, municipal 
green infrastructure, and living shorelines. 
‘‘(3) PUBLICLY OWNED INFRASTRUCTURE.—The 
term ‘publicly owned infrastructure’ means buildings, 
structures, and facilities and appurtenances of drink-
ing water, sewage treatment, natural gas, or electric 
power utilities owned by a municipal, county, or 
State government or a combination of such govern-
ments. 
‘‘(4) WASTE DISPOSAL SITE.—The term ‘waste 
disposal site’ means a publicly or privately owned 
solid waste landfill or disposal site, a hazardous 
waste landfill or disposal site, a site included on the 
National Priorities List developed under the Com-
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109 
prehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, 
and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601), and a 
site used for the disposal of coal combustion residuals 
from a coal fired plant that has been identified in a 
plan approved under subsection (d). 
‘‘(5) DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES.—The term 
‘disadvantaged communities’ means areas of the 
coastal State identified in a plan approved under 
subsection (d) which disproportionately suffer from a 
combination of economic, health, and environmental 
burdens including poverty, high unemployment, air 
and water pollution, presence of hazardous wastes as 
well as high incidence of asthma and heart disease. 
‘‘(6) LIVING
SHORELINE.—The term ‘living 
shoreline’ means a protected, stabilized coastal edge 
made of natural materials such as plants designed to 
provide wildlife habitat, as well as natural resilience 
to shorelines. 
‘‘(7) MUNICIPAL GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE.—The 
term ‘municipal green infrastructure’ has the mean-
ing given the term ‘green infrastructure’ in para-
graph (27) of section 1362 of title 33, United States 
Code. 
‘‘(8) SAFE CONDITIONS.—The term ‘safe condi-
tions’ refers to standards for restoration of sites from 
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110 
which infrastructure or structures are relocated estab-
lished by the Secretary pursuant to subsection 
(f)(1)(F) are protective of human health and the envi-
ronment. 
‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be ap-
propriated into the Fund for use by the Secretary 
$100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
2026, which shall remain available until expended 
without fiscal year limitation. 
‘‘(2) DISASTER RELIEF.—There is authorized to 
be appropriated into the Fund for use by the Sec-
retary to respond to a major disaster declared under 
the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency 
Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) such sums as 
may be necessary. Funds appropriated pursuant to 
this paragraph may only be used to make grants to 
the State or States in which the major disaster oc-
curred and shall remain available until expended 
without fiscal year limitation.’’. 
SEC. 505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 318(a) of the Coastal Zone Management Act 
of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1464) is amended to read as follows: 
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‘‘(a) SUMS APPROPRIATED
TO
THE SECRETARY.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, 
to remain available until expended— 
‘‘(1) for grants under sections 306, 306A, and 
309, $95,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
2026; and 
‘‘(2) for grants under section 315, $37,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’. 
SEC. 506. AMENDMENTS TO NATIONAL ESTUARINE RE-
SEARCH RESERVE SYSTEM PROGRAM. 
(a) DESIGNATION OF ADDITIONAL RESERVES.—Not 
later than five years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator shall designate not less than 5 new 
national estuarine reserves under section 315 of the Coastal 
Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1461) that ensure 
the National Estuarine Research Reserve System includes 
areas in— 
(1) full representation of biogeographic regions, 
States, and Territories; and 
(2) each coastal State or Territory (as that term 
is defined in that Act). 
(b) GUIDELINES FOR TRACKING AND MODELING THE 
IMPACTS
OF CLIMATE CHANGE.—Section 315(c) of the 
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1461(c)) 
is amended— 
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(1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) 
as paragraphs (4) through (6); and 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) the establishment of coordinated long-term 
data monitoring and methods throughout the System 
for tracking and modeling the impacts of climate 
change on estuarine systems, including impacts on 
lake levels and sea levels;’’. 
(c) LAND ACQUISITION AND CONSTRUCTION.—Section 
315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 
U.S.C. 1461) is amended by striking subsection (g) and 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(g) LAND ACQUISITION AND CONSTRUCTION.—The 
Secretary may use funds authorized under section 318 for 
land acquisition and the construction and renovations of 
facilities required to meet delivery of System programs and 
services, or to meet changing needs of program under this 
title. Such construction shall incorporate green design prin-
ciples, materials, energy efficiency, and adaptive reuse 
strategies, and the development of innovative coastal tech-
nology and management strategies that enhance resilience 
of System facilities and lands. 
‘‘(h) REQUIREMENTS FOR USE OF FUNDS.—In using 
funds under subsection (g), the Secretary shall— 
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‘‘(1) provide science-based information and tech-
nical assistance to coastal stakeholders and decision-
makers; 
‘‘(2) leverage the capabilities of nationwide pro-
tected area networks to address challenging coastal 
management issues such as climate change and vul-
nerability of coastal ecosystems and communities to 
coastal hazards; 
‘‘(3) serve as living laboratories and preferred 
places for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin-
istration research and fellowships on coastal and estu-
arine systems; 
‘‘(4) serve as critical sentinel sites for detecting 
environmental change and developing and dem-
onstrating adaptation and mitigation strategies; 
‘‘(5) identify priority places for land acquisition, 
especially those lands required to enhance resilience to 
environmental change; and 
‘‘(6) engage coastal communities, stakeholders, 
and the public in education programs to increase sci-
entific literacy of coastal environments, and to de-
velop and train capable environmental stewards. 
‘‘(i) SYSTEMWIDE ELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL ES-
TUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE SYSTEM.—The Secretary 
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shall coordinate systemwide programs and activities in the 
System including— 
‘‘(1) the centralized management and dissemina-
tion of data from System observation and monitoring 
networks; 
‘‘(2) a competitive grant program employing the 
collaborative research model on coastal research and 
management priorities to be conducted at research re-
serve sites focused on the priorities determined by the 
Secretary; and 
‘‘(3) the Margaret A. Davidson Graduate Re-
search Fellowship Program to address key coastal 
management questions and the coastal research and 
management priorities of the Reserve System and its 
place-based sites to help scientists and communities 
understand the coastal challenges that may influence 
future policy and management strategies. 
‘‘(j) PLACE-BASED PROGRAM ELEMENTS OF THE NA-
TIONAL ESTUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE SYSTEM.—Each 
National Estuarine Research Reserve shall establish and 
maintain place-based program elements that include— 
‘‘(1) a research, monitoring, and observation net-
work that detects environmental change and informs 
suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies where 
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appropriate, and that supports systemwide activities 
stated in subsection (e); 
‘‘(2) education, outreach, and interpretive pro-
grams that communicate the value and changing dy-
namics of coastal systems and inspire behavior 
change for the next generation of estuarine stewards; 
‘‘(3) stewardship programs that provide science- 
based tools, habitat management, and restoration and 
that provide resources and information to inform 
coastal management; 
‘‘(4) coastal training programs that provide tech-
nical assistance to coastal communities, resource 
managers, and coastal decisionmakers; and 
‘‘(5) the lands and facilities that support such 
accessible research, monitoring, stewardship, edu-
cation, and coastal training activities. 
‘‘(k) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
‘‘(1) COLLABORATIVE
RESEARCH.—The term 
‘collaborative research’ means the engagement of local 
decisionmakers and stakeholders directly in the re-
search process so that their knowledge and needs will 
inform research questions, data analysis, and use of 
the products generated by the research. 
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‘‘(2) SENTINEL SITE.—The term ‘sentinel site’ 
means a site with long-term research and monitoring 
capability to detect, document, and respond to emerg-
ing environmental changes that impact natural and 
human systems.’’. 
SEC. 507. WORKING WATERFRONTS GRANT PROGRAM. 
The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 
1451 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 321. WORKING WATERFRONTS GRANT PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) WORKING WATERFRONTS TASK FORCE.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT
AND
FUNCTIONS.—The 
Secretary shall establish a task force to work directly 
with coastal States, user groups, and coastal stake-
holders to identify and address critical needs with re-
spect to working waterfronts. 
‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the task 
force shall be appointed by the Secretary, and shall 
include— 
‘‘(A) experts in the unique economic, social, 
cultural, ecological, geographic, and resource 
concerns of working waterfronts; and 
‘‘(B) representatives from the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration’s Office of 
Coastal Management, the United States Fish and 
Wildlife Service, the Department of Agriculture, 
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the 
Environmental 
Protection 
Agency, 
the 
United States Geological Survey, the Navy, the 
National Marine Fisheries Service, the Economic 
Development Administration, and such other 
Federal agencies as the Secretary considers ap-
propriate. 
‘‘(3) FUNCTIONS.—The task force shall— 
‘‘(A) identify and prioritize critical needs 
with respect to working waterfronts in States 
that have a management program approved by 
the Secretary pursuant to section 306, in the 
areas of— 
‘‘(i) economic and cultural importance 
of working waterfronts to communities; 
‘‘(ii) 
changing 
environments 
and 
threats working waterfronts face from envi-
ronmental changes, trade barriers, sea level 
rise, extreme weather events, ocean acidifi-
cation, and harmful algal blooms; and 
‘‘(iii) identifying working waterfronts 
and highlighting them within communities; 
‘‘(B) outline options, in coordination with 
coastal States and local stakeholders, to address 
such critical needs, including adaptation and 
mitigation where applicable; 
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‘‘(D) may be part of the management pro-
gram approved under section 306; 
‘‘(E) shall utilize to the maximum extent 
practicable existing information contained in 
relevant surveys, plans, or other strategies to ful-
fill the information requirements under this 
paragraph; and 
‘‘(F) shall incorporate the policies and regu-
lations adopted by communities under local 
working waterfronts plans or strategies in exist-
ence before the date of the enactment of this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(3) A working waterfront plan— 
‘‘(A) shall be effective for purposes of this 
section for the 5-year period beginning on the 
date it is approved by the Secretary; 
‘‘(B) must be updated and re-approved by 
the Secretary before the end of such period; and 
‘‘(C) shall be complimentary to and incor-
porate the policies and objectives of regional or 
local working waterfronts plan as in effect before 
the date of the enactment of this section or as 
subsequently revised. 
‘‘(4) The Secretary may— 
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