H. R. 4040—50 
order issued under paragraph (3) may obtain review of the order 
in the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit in which 
the violation, with respect to which the order was issued, allegedly 
occurred or the circuit in which the complainant resided on the 
date of such violation. The petition for review must be filed not 
later than 60 days after the date of the issuance of the final 
order of the Secretary. Review shall conform to chapter 7 of title 
5, United States Code. The commencement of proceedings under 
this subparagraph shall not, unless ordered by the court, operate 
as a stay of the order. 
‘‘(B) An order of the Secretary with respect to which review 
could have been obtained under subparagraph (A) shall not be 
subject to judicial review in any criminal or other civil proceeding. 
‘‘(6) Whenever any person has failed to comply with an order 
issued under paragraph (3), the Secretary may file a civil action 
in the United States district court for the district in which the 
violation was found to occur, or in the United States district court 
for the District of Columbia, to enforce such order. In actions 
brought under this paragraph, the district courts shall have jurisdic-
tion to grant all appropriate relief including, but not limited to, 
injunctive relief and compensatory damages. 
‘‘(7)(A) A person on whose behalf an order was issued under 
paragraph (3) may commence a civil action against the person 
to whom such order was issued to require compliance with such 
order. The appropriate United States district court shall have juris-
diction, without regard to the amount in controversy or the citizen-
ship of the parties, to enforce such order. 
‘‘(B) The court, in issuing any final order under this paragraph, 
may award costs of litigation (including reasonable attorneys’ and 
expert witness fees) to any party whenever the court determines 
such award is appropriate. 
‘‘(c) Any nondiscretionary duty imposed by this section shall 
be enforceable in a mandamus proceeding brought under section 
1361 of title 28, United States Code. 
‘‘(d) Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an employee 
of a manufacturer, private labeler, distributor, or retailer who, 
acting without direction from such manufacturer, private labeler, 
distributor, or retailer (or such person’s agent), deliberately causes 
a violation of any requirement relating to any violation or alleged 
violation of any order, regulation, or consumer product safety 
standard under this Act or any other law enforced by the Commis-
sion.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING
AMENDMENT.—The table of contents, as 
amended by section 206 of this Act, is further amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 39 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 40. Whistleblower protection.’’. 
Subtitle C—Specific Import-Export 
Provisions 
SEC. 221. EXPORT OF RECALLED AND NON-CONFORMING PRODUCTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 18 (15 U.S.C. 2067) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘any product—’’ and all 
that follows through ‘‘promulgated under section 9,’’ and 
inserting ‘‘any product which is not in conformity with an
H. R. 4040—51 
applicable consumer product safety rule in effect under this 
Act,’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) The Commission may prohibit a person from exporting 
from the United States for purpose of sale any consumer product 
that is not in conformity with an applicable consumer product 
safety rule under this Act, unless the importing country has notified 
the Commission that such country accepts the importation of such 
consumer product, provided that if the importing country has not 
so notified the Commission within 30 days after the Commission 
has provided notice to the importing country of the impending 
shipment, the Commission may take such action as appropriate 
within its authority with respect to the disposition of the product 
under the circumstances. 
‘‘(d) Nothing in this section shall apply to any consumer product, 
the export of which is permitted by the Secretary of the Treasury 
pursuant to section 17(e).’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT.— 
Section 15 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1202) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the 
Consumer Product Safety Commission may prohibit, by order, a 
person from exporting from the United States for purpose of sale 
any fabric or related material that the Commission determines 
is not in conformity with an applicable standard or rule under 
this Act, unless the importing country has notified the Commission 
that such country accepts the importation of such fabric or related 
material, provided that if the importing country has not so notified 
the Commission within 30 days after the Commission has provided 
notice to the importing country of the impending shipment, the 
Commission may take such action as is appropriate with respect 
to the disposition of the fabric or related material under the cir-
cumstances. 
‘‘(e) Nothing in this section shall apply to any fabric or related 
material, the export of which is permitted by the Secretary of 
the Treasury pursuant to section 17(e).’’. 
SEC. 
222. 
IMPORT 
SAFETY 
MANAGEMENT 
AND 
INTERAGENCY 
COOPERATION. 
(a) RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall 
develop a risk assessment methodology for the identification of 
shipments of consumer products that are— 
(1) intended for import into the United States; and 
(2) likely to include consumer products in violation of sec-
tion 17(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 
2066(a)) or other import provisions enforced by the Commission. 
(b) USE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE DATA SYSTEM AND OTHER 
DATABASES.—In developing the methodology required under sub-
section (a), the Commission shall— 
(1) provide for the use of the International Trade Data 
System, insofar as is practicable, established under section 
411(d) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1411(d)) to evaluate 
and assess information about shipments of consumer products 
intended for import into the customs territory of the United 
States;
H. R. 4040—52 
(2) incorporate the risk assessment methodology required 
under this section into its information technology modernization 
plan; 
(3) examine, in consultation with U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection, how to share information collected and retained 
by the Commission, including information in the database 
required under section 6A of the Consumer Product Safety 
Act, for the purpose of identifying shipments of consumer prod-
ucts in violation of section 17(a) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 2066(a)) 
or other import provisions enforced by the Commission; and 
(4) examine, in consultation with U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection, how to share information required by section 15(j) 
of the CPSA as added by section 223 of this Act for the purpose 
of identifying shipments of consumer products in violation of 
section 17(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 
2066(a)) or other import provisions enforced by the Commission. 
(c) COOPERATION WITH U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTEC-
TION.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Commission shall develop a plan for sharing information 
and coordinating with U.S. Customs and Border Protection that 
considers, at a minimum, the following: 
(1) The number of full-time equivalent personnel employed 
by the Commission that should be stationed at U.S. ports 
of entry for the purpose of identifying shipments of consumer 
products that are in violation of section 17(a) of the Consumer 
Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2066(a)) or other import provi-
sions enforced by the Commission. 
(2) The extent and nature of cooperation between the 
Commission and U.S. Customs and Border Protection personnel 
stationed at ports of entry in the identification of shipments 
of consumer product that are in violation of section 17(a) of 
the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2066(a)) or other 
import provisions enforced by the Commission under this Act 
or any other provision of law. 
(3) The number of full-time equivalent personnel employed 
by the Commission that should be stationed at the National 
Targeting Center (or its equivalent) of U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection, including— 
(A) the extent and nature of cooperation between 
Commission and U.S. Customs and Border Protection per-
sonnel stationed at the National Targeting Center (or its 
equivalent), as well as at United States ports of entry; 
(B) the responsibilities of Commission personnel 
assigned to the National Targeting Center (or its equiva-
lent) under subsection (b)(3); and 
(C) whether the information available at the National 
Targeting Center (or its equivalent) would be useful to 
the Commission or U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
in identifying the consumer products described in sub-
section (a). 
(4) The development of rule sets for the Automated Tar-
geting System and expedited access for the Commission to 
the Automated Targeting System. 
(5) The information and resources necessary for the 
development, updating, and effective implementation of the 
risk assessment methodology required in subsection (a).
H. R. 4040—53 
(d) REPORT
TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 180 days after 
completion of the risk assessment methodology required under this 
section, the Commission shall submit a report to the appropriate 
Congressional committees concerning, at a minimum, the following: 
(1) The Commission’s plan for implementing the risk 
assessment methodology required under this section. 
(2) The changes made or necessary to be made to the 
Commission’s memorandum of understanding with U.S. Cus-
toms and Border Protection. 
(3) The status of— 
(A) the development of the Automated Targeting 
System rule set required under subsection (c)(4) of this 
section; 
(B) the Commission’s access to the Automated Tar-
geting System; and 
(C) the effectiveness of the International Trade Data 
System in enhancing cooperation between the Commission 
and U.S. Customs and Border Protection for the purpose 
of identifying shipments of consumer products in violation 
of section 17(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 
U.S.C. 2066(a)) or other import provisions enforced by the 
Commission; 
(4) Whether the Commission requires additional statutory 
authority under the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal 
Hazardous Substances Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, or the 
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 in order to implement 
the risk assessment methodology required under this section. 
(5) The level of appropriations necessary to implement 
the risk assessment methodology required under this section. 
SEC. 223. SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCT HAZARD LIST AND DESTRUCTION 
OF NONCOMPLIANT IMPORTED PRODUCTS. 
(a) IDENTIFICATION OF SUBSTANTIAL HAZARDS.—Section 15 (15 
U.S.C. 2064), as amended by section 214, is amended by adding 
at the end thereof the following: 
‘‘(j) SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCT HAZARD LIST.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission may specify, by rule, 
for any consumer product or class of consumer products, 
characteristics whose existence or absence shall be deemed 
a substantial product hazard under subsection (a)(2), if the 
Commission determines that— 
‘‘(A) such characteristics are readily observable and 
have been addressed by voluntary standards; and 
‘‘(B) such standards have been effective in reducing 
the risk of injury from consumer products and that there 
is substantial compliance with such standards. 
‘‘(2) JUDICIAL
REVIEW.—Not later than 60 days after 
promulgation of a rule under paragraph (1), any person 
adversely affected by such rule may file a petition for review 
under the procedures set forth in section 11 of this Act.’’. 
(b) DESTRUCTION
OF NONCOMPLIANT IMPORTED PRODUCTS.— 
Section 17(e) (15 U.S.C. 2066(e)) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(e) Products refused admission into the customs territory of 
the United States shall be destroyed unless, upon application by 
the owner, consignee, or importer of record, the Secretary of the 
Treasury permits the export of the product in lieu of destruction. 
If the owner, consignee, or importer of record does not export
H. R. 4040—54 
the product within 90 days of approval to export, such product 
shall be destroyed.’’. 
(c) INSPECTION AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENT.—The Act 
is further amended— 
(1) by amending section 17(g) (15 U.S.C. 2066(g)) to read 
as follows: 
‘‘(g) Manufacturers of imported products shall be in compliance 
with all inspection and recordkeeping requirements under section 
16 applicable to such products, and the Commission shall advise 
the Secretary of the Treasury of any manufacturer who is not 
in compliance with all inspection and recordkeeping requirements 
under section 16.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end of section 16 (15 U.S.C. 2065) 
the following: 
‘‘(d) The Commission shall, by rule, condition the manufacturing 
for sale, offering for sale, distribution in commerce, or importation 
into the United States of any consumer product or other product 
on the manufacturer’s compliance with the inspection and record-
keeping requirements of this Act and the Commission’s rules with 
respect to such requirements.’’. 
SEC. 224. FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.), as amended 
by section 219, is further amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘SEC. 41. FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. 
‘‘(a) IDENTIFICATION
AND
DETERMINATION
OF
BOND.—The 
Commission, in consultation with U.S. Customs and Border Protec-
tion and other relevant Federal agencies, shall identify any con-
sumer product, or other product or substance that is regulated 
under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission, for 
which the cost of destruction would normally exceed bond amounts 
determined under sections 623 and 624 of the Tariff Act of 1930 
(19 U.S.C. 1623, 1624) and shall recommend to U.S. Customs and 
Border Protection a bond amount sufficient to cover the cost of 
destruction of such products or substances. 
‘‘(b) STUDY OF REQUIRING ESCROW FOR RECALLS AND DESTRUC-
TION OF PRODUCTS.— 
‘‘(1) STUDY.—The Comptroller General shall conduct a 
study to determine the feasibility of requiring— 
‘‘(A) the posting of an escrow, proof of insurance, or 
security sufficient in amount to cover the cost of destruction 
of a domestically-produced product or substance regulated 
under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commis-
sion; and 
‘‘(B) the posting of an escrow, proof of insurance, or 
security sufficient in amount to cover the cost of an effective 
recall of a product or substance, domestic or imported, 
regulated under this Act or any other Act enforced by 
the Commission. 
‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act 
of 2008, the Comptroller General shall transmit to the appro-
priate Congressional committees a report on the conclusions 
of the study required under paragraph (1), including an assess-
ment of whether such an escrow requirement could be imple-
mented and any recommendations for such implementation.’’.
H. R. 4040—55 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The table of contents in sec-
tion 1 (15 U.S.C. 2051 note), as amended by section 219, is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘Sec. 41. Financial responsibility.’’. 
SEC. 225. STUDY AND REPORT ON EFFECTIVENESS OF AUTHORITIES 
RELATING TO SAFETY OF IMPORTED CONSUMER PROD-
UCTS. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall— 
(1) conduct a study of the authorities and provisions of 
the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) 
to assess the effectiveness of such authorities and provisions 
in preventing unsafe consumer products from entering the cus-
toms territory of the United States; 
(2) review and provide recommendations with respect to 
plans to prevent unsafe consumer products from entering the 
customs territory of the United States; and 
(3) submit to the appropriate Congressional committees 
a report on the findings of the Comptroller General with respect 
to paragraphs (1) and (2), including legislative recommenda-
tions related to, at a minimum— 
(A) inspection of foreign manufacturing plants by the 
Commission; and 
(B) requiring foreign manufacturers to consent to the 
jurisdiction of United States courts with respect to enforce-
ment actions by the Commission. 
Subtitle D—Miscellaneous Provisions and 
Conforming Amendments 
SEC. 231. PREEMPTION. 
(a) RULE WITH REGARD TO PREEMPTION.—The provisions of 
sections 25 and 26 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 
2074 and 2075, respectively), section 18 of the Federal Hazardous 
Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 note), section 16 of the Flammable 
Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1203), and section 7 of the Poison Packaging 
Prevention Act of 1970 (15 U.S.C. 1476) establishing the extent 
to which those Acts preempt, limit, or otherwise affect any other 
Federal, State, or local law, any rule, procedure, or regulation, 
or any cause of action under State or local law may not be expanded 
or contracted in scope, or limited, modified or extended in applica-
tion, by any rule or regulation thereunder, or by reference in any 
preamble, statement of policy, executive branch statements, or other 
matter associated with the publication of any such rule or regula-
tion. In accordance with the provisions of those Acts, the Commis-
sion may not construe any such Act as preempting any cause 
of action under State or local common law or State statutory law 
regarding damage claims. 
(b) PRESERVATION OF CERTAIN STATE LAW.—Nothing in this 
Act or the Federal Hazardous Substances Act shall be construed 
to preempt or otherwise affect any warning requirement relating 
to consumer products or substances that is established pursuant 
to State law that was in effect on August 31, 2003.
H. R. 4040—56 
SEC. 232. ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE STANDARD. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.), as amended 
by section 224, is further amended by adding at the end thereof 
the following: 
‘‘SEC. 42. ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(1) MANDATORY
STANDARD.—Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, within 90 days after the date of enactment 
of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, 
the Commission shall publish in the Federal Register as a 
mandatory consumer product safety standard the American 
National Standard for Four Wheel All-Terrain Vehicles Equip-
ment Configuration, and Performance Requirements developed 
by the Specialty Vehicle Institute of America (American 
National Standard ANSI/SVIA –1–2007). The standard shall 
take effect 150 days after it is published. 
‘‘(2) COMPLIANCE
WITH
STANDARD.—After the standard 
takes effect, it shall be unlawful for any manufacturer or dis-
tributor to import into or distribute in commerce in the United 
States any new assembled or unassembled all-terrain vehicle 
unless— 
‘‘(A) the all-terrain vehicle complies with each 
applicable provision of the standard; 
‘‘(B) the ATV is subject to an ATV action plan filed 
with the Commission before the date of enactment of the 
Act, or subsequently filed with and approved by the 
Commission, and bears a label certifying such compliance 
and identifying the manufacturer, importer or private 
labeler and the ATV action plan to which it is subject; 
and 
‘‘(C) the manufacturer or distributor is in compliance 
with all provisions of the applicable ATV action plan. 
‘‘(3) VIOLATION.—The failure to comply with any require-
ment of paragraph (2) shall be deemed to be a failure to 
comply with a consumer product safety standard under this 
Act and subject to all of the penalties and remedies available 
under this Act. 
‘‘(4) COMPLIANT
MODELS
WITH
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES.— 
Paragraph (2) shall not be construed to prohibit the distribution 
in commerce of new all-terrain vehicles that comply with the 
requirements of that paragraph but also incorporate character-
istics or components that are not covered by those requirements. 
Any such characteristics or components shall be subject to 
the requirements of section 15 of this Act. 
‘‘(b) MODIFICATION OF STANDARD.— 
‘‘(1) ANSI REVISIONS.—If the American National Standard 
ANSI/SVIA–1–2007 is revised through the applicable consensus 
standards development process after the date on which the 
product safety standard for all-terrain vehicles is published 
in the Federal Register, the American National Standards 
Institute shall notify the Commission of the revision. 
‘‘(2) COMMISSION ACTION.—Within 120 days after it receives 
notice of such a revision by the American National Standards 
Institute, the Commission shall issue a notice of proposed rule-
making in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States 
Code, to amend the product safety standard for all-terrain
H. R. 4040—57 
vehicles to include any such revision that the Commission 
determines is reasonably related to the safe performance of 
all-terrain vehicles, and notify the Institute of any provision 
it has determined not to be so related. The Commission shall 
promulgate an amendment to the standard for all-terrain 
vehicles within 180 days after the date on which the notice 
of proposed rulemaking for the amendment is published in 
the Federal Register. 
‘‘(3) UNREASONABLE RISK OF INJURY.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of this Act, the Commission may, pursuant 
to sections 7 and 9 of this Act, amend the product safety 
standard for all-terrain vehicles to include any additional provi-
sion that the Commission determines is reasonably necessary 
to reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the 
performance of all-terrain vehicles. 
‘‘(4) CERTAIN PROVISIONS NOT APPLICABLE.—Sections 7 and 
9 of this Act shall not apply to promulgation of any amendment 
of the product safety standard under paragraph (2). Judicial 
review of any amendment of the standard under paragraph 
(2) shall be in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5, United 
States Code. 
‘‘(c) REQUIREMENTS FOR 3-WHEELED ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES.— 
Until a mandatory consumer product safety standard applicable 
to 3-wheeled all-terrain vehicles promulgated pursuant to this Act 
is in effect, new 3-wheeled all-terrain vehicles may not be imported 
into or distributed in commerce in the United States. Any violation 
of this subsection shall be considered to be a violation of section 
19(a)(1) of this Act and may also be enforced under section 17 
of this Act. 
‘‘(d) FURTHER PROCEEDINGS.— 
‘‘(1) DEADLINE.—The Commission shall issue a final rule 
in its proceeding entitled ‘Standards for All Terrain Vehicles 
and Ban of Three-wheeled All Terrain Vehicles’. 
‘‘(2) CATEGORIES OF YOUTH ATVS.—In the final rule, the 
Commission, in consultation with the National Highway Traffic 
Safety Administration, may provide for a multiple factor method 
of categorization that, at a minimum, takes into account— 
‘‘(A) the weight of the ATV; 
‘‘(B) the maximum speed of the ATV; 
‘‘(C) the velocity at which an ATV of a given weight 
is traveling at the maximum speed of the ATV; 
‘‘(D) the age of children for whose operation the ATV 
is designed or who may reasonably be expected to operate 
the ATV; and 
‘‘(E) the average weight of children for whose operation 
the ATV is designed or who may reasonably be expected 
to operate the ATV. 
‘‘(3) ADDITIONAL SAFETY STANDARDS.—In the final rule, the 
Commission, in consultation with the National Highway Traffic 
Safety Administration, shall review the standard published 
under subsection (a)(1) and establish additional safety stand-
ards for all-terrain vehicles to the extent necessary to protect 
the public health and safety. As part of its review, the Commis-
sion shall consider, at a minimum, establishing or strength-
ening standards on— 
‘‘(A) suspension; 
‘‘(B) brake performance;
H. R. 4040—58 
‘‘(C) speed governors; 
‘‘(D) warning labels; 
‘‘(E) marketing; and 
‘‘(F) dynamic stability. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE OR ATV.—The term ‘all-terrain 
vehicle’ or ‘ATV’ means— 
‘‘(A) any motorized, off-highway vehicle designed to 
travel on 3 or 4 wheels, having a seat designed to be 
straddled by the operator and handlebars for steering con-
trol; but 
‘‘(B) does not include a prototype of a motorized, off- 
highway, all-terrain vehicle or other motorized, off-high-
way, all-terrain vehicle that is intended exclusively for 
research and development purposes unless the vehicle is 
offered for sale. 
‘‘(2) ATV ACTION PLAN.—The term ‘ATV action plan’ means 
a written plan or letter of undertaking that describes actions 
the manufacturer or distributor agrees to take to promote ATV 
safety, including rider training, dissemination of safety informa-
tion, age recommendations, other policies governing marketing 
and sale of the ATVs, the monitoring of such sales, and other 
safety related measures, and that is substantially similar to 
the plans described under the heading ‘The Undertakings of 
the Companies in the Commission Notice’ published in the 
Federal Register on September 9, 1998 (63 FR 48199–48204).’’. 
(b) GAO STUDY.—The Comptroller General shall conduct a 
study of the utility, recreational, and other benefits of all-terrain 
vehicles to which section 42 of the Consumer Product Safety Act 
(15 U.S.C. 2085) applies, and the costs associated with all-terrain 
vehicle-related accidents and injuries. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of contents of this 
Act is further amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 42 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 42. All-terrain vehicles.’’. 
SEC. 233. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS UNDER THE POISON PREVENTION 
PACKAGING ACT OF 1970. 
Section 3 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (15 
U.S.C. 1472) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: 
‘‘(e) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to require the 
Consumer Product Safety Commission, in establishing a standard 
under this section, to prepare a comparison of the costs that would 
be incurred in complying with such standard with the benefits 
of such standard.’’. 
SEC. 234. STUDY ON USE OF FORMALDEHYDE IN MANUFACTURING 
OF TEXTILE AND APPAREL ARTICLES. 
Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General, in consultation with the Commission, 
shall conduct a study on the use of formaldehyde in the manufacture 
of textile and apparel articles, or in any component of such articles, 
to identify any risks to consumers caused by the use of formaldehyde 
in the manufacturing of such articles, or components of such arti-
cles.