249
‘‘(b) COMMON OWNERSHIP OF VESSELS.—The right to remuneration for 
aid or salvage services is not affected by common ownership of the vessels 
giving and receiving the aid or salvage services. 
‘‘(c) TIME LIMIT ON BRINGING ACTIONS.—A civil action to recover remu-
neration for giving aid or salvage services must be brought within 2 years 
after the date the aid or salvage services were given, unless the court in 
which the action is brought is satisfied that during that 2-year period there 
had not been a reasonable opportunity to seize the aided or salvaged vessel 
within the jurisdiction of the court or within the territorial waters of the 
country of the plaintiff’s residence or principal place of business. 
‘‘(d) NONAPPLICATION.—This section does not apply to a vessel of war 
or a vessel owned by the United States Government appropriated only to 
a public service.
‘‘CHAPTER 803—ICE AND DERELICTS
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘80301.
International agreements. 
‘‘80302.
Patrol services. 
‘‘80303.
Speed of vessel in ice region.
‘‘§ 80301. International agreements 
‘‘(a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—The President may make agreements with 
interested maritime countries to—
‘‘(1) maintain in the North Atlantic Ocean a service of ice patrol, 
of study and observation of ice and current conditions, and of assist-
ance to vessels and their crews requiring assistance within the limits 
of the patrol; 
‘‘(2) maintain a service of study and observation of ice and current 
conditions in the waters affecting the set and drift of ice in the North 
Atlantic Ocean; and 
‘‘(3) take all practicable steps to ensure the destruction or removal 
of derelicts in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, east of the line 
drawn from Cape Sable to a point in latitude 34 degrees north, lon-
gitude 70 degrees west, if the destruction or removal is necessary. 
‘‘(b) PAYMENT BETWEEN COUNTRIES.—The President may include in an 
agreement under subsection (a) a provision for—
‘‘(1) payment to the United States Government by other countries 
for their proportionate share of the expense of maintaining the services; 
or
‘‘(2) contribution by the Government for its proportionate share if 
the agreement provides for another country to maintain the services. 
‘‘§ 80302. Patrol services 
‘‘(a) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.—Unless the agreements made under sec-
tion 80301 of this title provide otherwise, an ice patrol shall be maintained
250
during the entire ice season in guarding the southeastern, southern, and 
southwestern limits of the region of icebergs in the vicinity of the Grand 
Banks of Newfoundland. The patrol shall inform trans-Atlantic and other 
passing vessels by radio and other available means of the ice conditions and 
the extent of the dangerous region. During the ice season, there shall be 
maintained a service of study of ice and current conditions, a service of pro-
viding assistance to vessels and crews requiring assistance, and a service of 
removing and destroying derelicts. Any of these services may be maintained 
during the remainder of the year as may be advisable. 
‘‘(b) WARNINGS TO VESSELS.—An ice patrol vessel shall warn any vessel 
known to be approaching a dangerous area and recommend safe routes. 
‘‘(c) RECORDING AND REPORTING INCIDENTS.—
‘‘(1) RECORDING.—An ice patrol vessel shall record the name of a 
vessel and the facts of the case when the patrol observes or knows that 
the vessel—
‘‘(A) is on other than a regular recognized or advertised route 
crossing the North Atlantic Ocean; 
‘‘(B) has crossed the fishing banks of Newfoundland north of 
latitude 43 degrees north during the fishing season; or 
‘‘(C) has passed through regions known or believed to be endan-
gered by ice when proceeding to and from ports of North America. 
‘‘(2) REPORTING.—The name of the vessel and all pertinent informa-
tion about the incident shall be reported to the government of the coun-
try to which the vessel belongs if that government requests. 
‘‘(d) ADMINISTRATION.—The Commandant of the Coast Guard, under 
the direction of the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard 
is operating, shall carry out the services provided for in this section and 
shall assign necessary vessels, material, and personnel of the Coast Guard. 
On request of such Secretary, the head of an agency may detail personnel, 
lend or contribute material or equipment, or otherwise assist in carrying out 
the services provided for in this section. 
‘‘(e) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Commandant shall publish an annual report 
of the activities of the services provided for in this section. A copy of the 
report shall be provided to each interested foreign government and to each 
agency assisting in the work. 
‘‘§ 80303. Speed of vessel in ice region 
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—The master of a vessel of the United States, when 
ice is reported on or near the vessel’s course, shall proceed at a moderate 
speed or change the course of the vessel to go well clear of the danger zone. 
‘‘(b) CIVIL PENALTY.—A master violating this section is liable to the 
United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $500.
251
‘‘CHAPTER 805—SAFE CONTAINERS FOR 
INTERNATIONAL CARGO
‘‘Sec. 
‘‘80501.
Definitions. 
‘‘80502.
Application of Convention. 
‘‘80503.
General authority of the Secretary. 
‘‘80504.
Approval and examination. 
‘‘80505.
Enforcement. 
‘‘80506.
Delegation of authority. 
‘‘80507.
Employee protection. 
‘‘80508.
Amendments to Convention. 
‘‘80509.
Civil penalty. 
‘‘§ 80501. Definitions 
‘‘In this chapter: 
‘‘(1) CONTAINER.—The term ‘container’ has the meaning given that 
term in the Convention. 
‘‘(2) CONVENTION.—The term ‘Convention’ means the International 
Convention for Safe Containers, and its annexes, done at Geneva, Swit-
zerland, December 2, 1972. 
‘‘(3) INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT.—The term ‘international trans-
port’ means the transportation of a container between—
‘‘(A) a place in a foreign country and a place in the jurisdiction 
of the United States; or 
‘‘(B) two places outside the United States by United States car-
riers. 
‘‘(4) OWNER.—The term ‘owner’ includes the lessee or bailee of a 
container if a written lease or bailment provides for the lessee or bailee 
to exercise the owner’s responsibility for maintaining and examining 
the container. 
‘‘(5) SAFETY APPROVAL PLATE.—The term ‘safety approval plate’ 
has the meaning given that term in annex I of the Convention. 
‘‘§ 80502. Application of Convention 
‘‘The Convention applies to an owner of a container used in international 
transport if the owner is domiciled or has its principal office in the United 
States. 
‘‘§ 80503. General authority of the Secretary 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the department in which the Coast 
Guard is operating shall carry out the Convention and this chapter in the 
United States. 
‘‘(b) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary shall prescribe regulations to carry 
out this chapter. The regulations shall—
‘‘(1) establish procedures for testing, inspecting, and initially approv-
ing containers and designs for containers, including procedures for at-
taching, invalidating, and removing safety approval plates for con-
tainers;
252
‘‘(2) establish procedures to be followed by the owners of containers 
for the periodic examination of containers as provided in the Conven-
tion; and 
‘‘(3) provide a method for developing, collecting, and disseminating 
information about container safety and the international transport of 
containers. 
‘‘(c) SAFETY APPROVAL PLATES.—If the owner of a container without a 
safety approval plate establishes that the container satisfies the standards 
of the Convention, the Secretary may authorize a safety approval plate to 
be attached to the container. 
‘‘(d) SCHEDULE OF FEES.—The Secretary may prescribe a schedule of 
fees for services performed by the Secretary, or by a person delegated au-
thority under section 80506 of this title, for the testing, inspection, and ini-
tial approval of containers and container designs. 
‘‘(e) ENCOURAGING INTERMODAL TRANSPORT.—To the maximum extent 
possible, the Secretary shall encourage the development and use of inter-
modal transport, using containers built to facilitate economical, safe, and 
expeditious handling of containerized cargo without intermediate reloading 
when it is being transported over land, air, and sea areas. 
‘‘§ 80504. Approval and examination 
‘‘(a) DOMICILE AND PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN UNITED STATES.—A con-
tainer owner domiciled and having its principal office in the United States 
shall have the container—
‘‘(1) approved initially under procedures prescribed by the Secretary 
of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating or by the gov-
ernment of another country that is a party to the Convention; and 
‘‘(2) examined periodically as provided in the Convention under pro-
cedures prescribed by the Secretary. 
‘‘(b) DOMICILE OR PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN UNITED STATES.—A container 
owner domiciled or having its principal office in the United States shall have 
the container—
‘‘(1) approved initially under procedures prescribed by the Secretary 
or by the government of another country that is a party to the Conven-
tion; and 
‘‘(2) examined periodically as provided in the Convention, under pro-
cedures prescribed by the government of the country in which the 
owner is domiciled or has its principal office, as long as that country 
is a party to the Convention. 
‘‘(c) NEITHER DOMICILE NOR PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN UNITED STATES.—
A container owner neither domiciled nor having its principal office in the 
United States or another country that is a party to the Convention may
253
submit a container for initial approval and periodic examination under pro-
cedures prescribed by the Secretary. 
‘‘§ 80505. Enforcement 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—To enforce the Convention, this chapter, and regula-
tions prescribed under this chapter, the Secretary of the department in 
which the Coast Guard is operating may—
‘‘(1) examine, or require to be examined, containers in international 
transport; 
‘‘(2) approve designs for containers; 
‘‘(3) inspect and test containers being manufactured; 
‘‘(4) issue a detention order removing or excluding a container from 
service until the container owner satisfies the Secretary that the con-
tainer meets the standards of the Convention, if the container—
‘‘(A) does not have a safety approval plate attached to it; or 
‘‘(B) has a safety approval plate attached but there is signifi-
cant evidence that the container is in a condition that creates an 
obvious risk to safety; 
‘‘(5) take other appropriate action, including issuing necessary or-
ders, to remove a container from service or restrict its use if the con-
tainer is not in compliance with the Convention, this chapter, or regula-
tions prescribed under this chapter, but does not present an obvious 
risk to safety; and 
‘‘(6) allow a container found to be unsafe or without a safety ap-
proval plate to be moved to another location for repair or other disposi-
tion, under restrictions consistent with the intent of the Convention. 
‘‘(b) PAYMENT OF EXPENSES.—
‘‘(1) EXAMINATION.—The owner of a container involved in an action 
by the Secretary under this section related to an examination of the 
container shall pay or reimburse the Secretary for the expenses arising 
from that action, except for the costs of routine examinations of the 
container or a safety approval plate. 
‘‘(2) TESTING, INSPECTION, AND INITIAL APPROVAL.—The owner of 
a container submitted to the procedure established by the Secretary for 
testing, inspection, and initial approval, and the manufacturer of a con-
tainer that submits a design to the procedure established by the Sec-
retary for testing, inspection, and initial approval, shall pay or reim-
burse the Secretary for the expenses arising from the testing, inspec-
tion, or approval. 
‘‘(3) CREDIT TO APPROPRIATION.—Amounts received by the Sec-
retary as reimbursement shall be credited to the appropriation for oper-
ating expenses of the Coast Guard.
254
‘‘(c) PRESUMPTION BASED ON SAFETY APPROVAL PLATE.—A container 
bearing a safety approval plate authorized by a country that is a party to 
the Convention is presumed to be in a safe condition unless there is signifi-
cant evidence that the container is in a condition that creates an obvious 
risk to safety. 
‘‘(d) NOTICE OF ORDERS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—When the Secretary issues a detention or other 
order under this section, the Secretary promptly shall notify in writ-
ing—
‘‘(A) the owner of the container; 
‘‘(B) the owner’s agent; or 
‘‘(C) if the identity of the owner is not apparent from the con-
tainer or shipping documents, the custodian. 
‘‘(2) INFORMATION TO INCLUDE.—The notification shall identify the 
container involved, give the location of the container, and describe the 
condition or situation giving rise to the order. 
‘‘(e) DURATION OF ORDERS.—An order issued by the Secretary under 
this section remains in effect until—
‘‘(1) the Secretary declares the container to be in compliance with 
the standards of the Convention; or 
‘‘(2) the container is removed permanently from service. 
‘‘(f) NOTICE OF DEFECTIVE CONTAINER TO COUNTRY ISSUING SAFETY 
APPROVAL PLATE.—If the Secretary has reason to believe that a container 
bearing a safety approval plate issued by another country was defective at 
the time of approval, the Secretary shall notify that country. 
‘‘§ 80506. Delegation of authority 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the department in which the Coast 
Guard is operating may delegate to any person, including a public or private 
agency or nonprofit organization, authority to grant initial approval for con-
tainers and designs and to attach safety approval plates. 
‘‘(b) REGULATIONS.—Before making a delegation under this section, the 
Secretary shall prescribe regulations establishing—
‘‘(1) criteria to be followed in selecting a person to whom authority 
is to be delegated; 
‘‘(2) a detailed description of the duties and powers to be carried out 
by the person to whom authority is delegated, including the records the 
person shall keep; and 
‘‘(3) the review the Secretary will conduct to decide whether the per-
son is carrying out the delegated duties and powers properly.
255
‘‘(c) INSPECTION OF RECORDS.—A person delegated authority under this 
section shall make available to the Secretary for inspection, on request, 
records the person is required to keep. 
‘‘(d) PENALTIES AND ORDERS.—A person delegated authority under this 
section may not—
‘‘(1) assess or collect, or attempt to assess or collect, a penalty for 
violation of the Convention, this chapter, or an order issued by the Sec-
retary under this chapter; or 
‘‘(2) issue or attempt to issue a detention or other order. 
‘‘(e) PUBLICATION.—The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register 
or other appropriate publication—
‘‘(1) the name and address of each person to whom authority is dele-
gated; 
‘‘(2) the duties and powers delegated; and 
‘‘(3) the period of the delegation. 
‘‘(f) REVOCATION.—The Secretary may revoke a delegation of authority 
under this section at any time. 
‘‘§ 80507. Employee protection 
‘‘(a) PROHIBITION.—A person may not discharge or discriminate against 
an employee because the employee has reported the existence of an unsafe 
container or a violation of this chapter or a regulation prescribed under this 
chapter. 
‘‘(b) COMPLAINTS.—An employee alleging to be the subject of a violation 
of subsection (a) may file a complaint with the Secretary of Labor. The 
complaint must be filed within 60 days after the violation. 
‘‘(c) ENFORCEMENT.—The Secretary may investigate the complaint. If 
the Secretary finds there has been a violation, the Secretary may bring a 
civil action in a district court of the United States. The court has jurisdic-
tion to restrain violations of subsection (a) and order appropriate relief, in-
cluding reinstatement of the employee to the employee’s former position 
with back pay.
‘‘(d) NOTICE TO COMPLAINANT.—Within 30 days after receiving a com-
plaint under this section, the Secretary shall notify the complainant of the 
Secretary’s intended action on the complaint. 
‘‘§ 80508. Amendments to Convention 
‘‘(a) PROPOSALS BY UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.—The Secretary of 
State, with the concurrence of the Secretary of the department in which the 
Coast Guard is operating, may propose amendments to the Convention or 
request a conference for amending the Convention as provided in article IX 
of the Convention.
256
‘‘(b) PROPOSALS BY OTHER COUNTRIES.—An amendment communicated 
to the United States Government under article IX(2) of the Convention may 
be accepted for the Government by the President, with the advice and con-
sent of the Senate. The President may declare that the Government does 
not accept an amendment. 
‘‘(c) AMENDMENTS TO ANNEXES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, with the concurrence of 
the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is oper-
ating—
‘‘(A) may propose amendments to the annexes to the Conven-
tion; 
‘‘(B) may propose a conference for amending annexes to the 
Convention; and 
‘‘(C) shall consider and act on amendments to the annexes to 
the Convention adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the 
International Maritime Organization and communicated to the 
Government under article X(2) of the Convention. 
‘‘(2) ACTION FOLLOWING APPROVAL OR OBJECTION.—If a proposed 
amendment to an annex is approved by the Government, the amend-
ment shall enter into force as provided in article X of the Convention. 
If a proposed amendment is objected to, the Secretary of State prompt-
ly shall communicate the objection as provided in article X(3) of the 
Convention. 
‘‘(d) APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATOR.—The Secretary of State, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard 
is operating, shall appoint an arbitrator when one is required to resolve a 
dispute within the meaning of article XIII of the Convention. 
‘‘§ 80509. Civil penalty 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—An owner, agent, or custodian who has been notified 
of an order issued under section 80505 of this title and fails to take reason-
able and prompt action to prevent or stop a container subject to the order 
from being moved in violation of the order is liable to the United States 
Government for a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each container 
moved. Each day the container remains in service while the order is in effect 
is a separate violation. 
‘‘(b) ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—After notice and an opportunity for a hearing, 
the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating 
shall assess and collect any penalty under this section. 
‘‘(2) FACTORS TO CONSIDER.—In determining the amount of the 
penalty, the Secretary shall consider the gravity of the violation, the
257
hazards involved, and the record of the person charged with respect to 
violations of the Convention, this chapter, or regulations prescribed 
under this chapter. 
‘‘(3) REMISSION, MITIGATION, OR COMPROMISE.—The Secretary may 
remit, mitigate, or compromise a penalty under this section. 
‘‘(4) ENFORCEMENT.—If a person fails to pay a penalty under this 
section, the Secretary shall refer the matter to the Attorney General 
for collection in an appropriate district court of the United States.’’.
SEC. 11. MARITIME ADMINISTRATION. 
Section 109 of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘§ 109. Maritime Administration 
‘‘(a) ORGANIZATION.—The Maritime Administration is an administration 
in the Department of Transportation. 
‘‘(b) MARITIME ADMINISTRATOR.—The head of the Maritime Administra-
tion is the Maritime Administrator, who is appointed by the President by 
and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Administrator shall re-
port directly to the Secretary of Transportation and carry out the duties 
prescribed by the Secretary. 
‘‘(c) DEPUTY MARITIME ADMINISTRATOR.—The Maritime Administration 
shall have a Deputy Maritime Administrator, who is appointed in the com-
petitive service by the Secretary, after consultation with the Administrator. 
The Deputy Administrator shall carry out the duties prescribed by the Ad-
ministrator. The Deputy Administrator shall be Acting Administrator dur-
ing the absence or disability of the Administrator and, unless the Secretary 
designates another individual, during a vacancy in the office of Adminis-
trator. 
‘‘(d) DUTIES AND POWERS VESTED IN SECRETARY.—All duties and pow-
ers of the Maritime Administration are vested in the Secretary. 
‘‘(e) REGIONAL OFFICES.—The Maritime Administration shall have re-
gional offices for the Atlantic, Gulf, Great Lakes, and Pacific port ranges, 
and may have other regional offices as necessary. The Secretary shall ap-
point a qualified individual as Director of each regional office. The Sec-
retary shall carry out appropriate activities and programs of the Maritime 
Administration through the regional offices. 
‘‘(f) INTERAGENCY AND INDUSTRY RELATIONS.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish and maintain liaison with other agencies, and with representative 
trade organizations throughout the United States, concerned with the trans-
portation of commodities by water in the export and import foreign com-
merce of the United States, for the purpose of securing preference to vessels 
of the United States for the transportation of those commodities.
258
‘‘(g) DETAILING OFFICERS FROM ARMED FORCES.—To assist the Sec-
retary in carrying out duties and powers relating to the Maritime Adminis-
tration, not more than five officers of the armed forces may be detailed to 
the Secretary at any one time, in addition to details authorized by any other 
law. During the period of a detail, the Secretary shall pay the officer an 
amount that, when added to the officer’s pay and allowances as an officer 
in the armed forces, makes the officer’s total pay and allowances equal to 
the amount that would be paid to an individual performing work the Sec-
retary considers to be of similar importance, difficulty, and responsibility as 
that performed by the officer during the detail. 
‘‘(h) CONTRACTS AND AUDITS.—
‘‘(1) CONTRACTS.—In the same manner that a private corporation 
may make a contract within the scope of its authority under its char-
ter, the Secretary may make contracts for the United States Govern-
ment and disburse amounts to—
‘‘(A) carry out the Secretary’s duties and powers under this sec-
tion and subtitle V of title 46; and 
‘‘(B) protect, preserve, and improve collateral held by the Sec-
retary to secure indebtedness. 
‘‘(2) AUDITS.—The financial transactions of the Secretary under 
paragraph (1) shall be audited by the Comptroller General. The Comp-
troller General shall allow credit for an expenditure shown to be nec-
essary because of the nature of the business activities authorized by 
this section or subtitle V of title 46. At least once a year, the Comp-
troller General shall report to Congress any departure by the Secretary 
from this section or subtitle V of title 46. 
‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, 
there are authorized to be appropriated such amounts as may be nec-
essary to carry out the duties and powers of the Secretary relating to 
the Maritime Administration.
‘‘(2) LIMITATIONS.—Only those amounts specifically authorized by 
law may be appropriated for the use of the Maritime Administration 
for—
‘‘(A) acquisition, construction, or reconstruction of vessels; 
‘‘(B) construction-differential subsidies incident to the construc-
tion, reconstruction, or reconditioning of vessels; 
‘‘(C) costs of national defense features; 
‘‘(D) payments of obligations incurred for operating-differential 
subsidies;
259
‘‘(E) expenses necessary for research and development activities, 
including reimbursement of the Vessel Operations Revolving Fund 
for losses resulting from expenses of experimental vessel oper-
ations; 
‘‘(F) the Vessel Operations Revolving Fund; 
‘‘(G) National Defense Reserve Fleet expenses; 
‘‘(H) expenses necessary to carry out part B of subtitle V of 
title 46; and 
‘‘(I) other operations and training expenses related to the devel-
opment of waterborne transportation systems, the use of water-
borne transportation systems, and general administration. 
‘‘(3) TRAINING VESSELS.—Amounts may not be appropriated for the 
purchase or construction of training vessels for State maritime acad-
emies unless the Secretary has approved a plan for sharing training 
vessels between State maritime academies.’’.
SEC. 12. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO MARITIME SECURITY ACT OF 
2003. 
(a) AMENDMENTS TO CHAPTER 531.—Chapter 531 of title 46, United 
States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 53102—
(A) in the headings of paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of sub-
section (c), strike ‘‘SECTION 2’’ and substitute ‘‘SECTION 50501’’; 
(B) in subsection (c)(1), (2)(A)(i) and (ii)(II) and (B), and 
(4)(B), strike ‘‘section 2 of the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. 
App. 802)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 50501 of this title’’; 
(C) in subsection (d), strike ‘‘the first section of Public Law 
81–891 (64 Stat. 1120; 46 U.S.C. App. note prec. 3)’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘section 501 of this title’’; and 
(D) in subsection (e)(1)—
(i) strike ‘‘a documented vessel (as that term is defined in 
section 12101 of this title)’’ and substitute ‘‘documented 
under chapter 121 of this title,’’; and 
(ii) in clause (B), strike ‘‘a documented vessel (as defined 
in that section)’’ and substitute ‘‘documented under chapter 
121’’. 
(2) In section 53103(c)—
(A) in the heading of paragraph (1)(C), strike ‘‘SECTION 2’’ and 
substitute ‘‘SECTION 50501’’; 
(B) in paragraphs (1)(A)(iii) and (C)(i) and (ii), strike ‘‘section 
2 of the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. App. 802)’’ and substitute 
‘‘section 50501 of this title’’;
261 
55302(a), 55304, 55305, or 55314 of this title, section 2631 of 
title 10’’; and 
(B) strike ‘‘section 2631 of title 10, United States Code, the 
Act of March 26, 1934 (46 U.S.C. App. 1241–1), and sections 
901(a), 901(b), and 901b of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 
U.S.C. App. 1241(a), 1241(b), and 1241b)’’ and substitute ‘‘sec-
tions 55302(a), 55304, 55305, and 55314 of this title and section 
2631 of title 10’’; and 
(7) In section 53108(b), strike ‘‘section 901(b)(1) of the Merchant 
Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1241(b)(1))’’ and substitute ‘‘sec-
tion 55305(a) of this title’’. 
(b) OTHER CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) SECTION 12111.— 
(A) AMENDMENT.—Section 12111(c)(3) of title 46, United 
States Code, as enacted by this Act, is amended by striking ‘‘sub-
title B of title VI of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936’’ and sub-
stituting ‘‘chapter 531 of this title’’. 
(B) REPEAL.—If this Act is enacted before the amendment 
made by section 3534(b)(1) of the Maritime Security Act of 2003 
(Public Law 108–136, 117 Stat. 1818) becomes effective, such 
section 3534(b)(1) is repealed. 
(2) SECTION 56102.—Section 56102(c) of title 46, United States 
Code, as enacted by this Act, is amended by striking clauses (1)–(4) 
and substituting the following: 
‘‘(1)(A) the Secretary, in conjunction with the Secretary of Defense, 
determines that at least one replacement vessel of equal or greater mili-
tary capability and of a capacity that is equivalent or greater, as meas-
ured by deadweight tons, gross tons, or container equivalent units, as 
appropriate, is documented under chapter 121 of this title by the owner 
of the vessel placed under foreign registry; and 
‘‘(B) the replacement vessel is not more than 10 years old on the 
date of that documentation; or 
‘‘(2) an operating agreement covering the vessel under chapter 531 
of this title has expired.’’. 
(c) EFFECTIVE DATES.—(1) The amendments made by subsections (a) 
and (b)(2) are effective on the date of enactment of this Act, or the effective 
date of subtitle C of the Maritime Security Act of 2003 (Public Law 108– 
136, 117 Stat. 1803), whichever is later. 
(2) The amendment made by subsection (b)(1)(A) is effective the date of 
enactment of this Act, or the effective date of section 3534(b)(1) of the 
Maritime Security Act of 2003 (117 Stat. 1818), whichever is later.
262
SEC. 13. AMENDMENTS TO PARTIALLY RESTATED PROVISIONS. 
(a) Section 2793 of the Revised Statutes (19 U.S.C. 288, 46 App. U.S.C. 
111, 123) is amended by striking ‘‘or tonnage tax’’. 
(b) Section 809(a) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 
1213(a)), is amended by striking ‘‘and section 211(a)’’.
SEC. 14. ADDITIONAL AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 46. 
Title 46, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) The analysis of subtitle II is amended as follows: 
(A) In each chapter item, capitalize the first letter of each word 
containing 4 or more letters. 
(B) Strike the item for chapter 39. 
(C) The item for chapter 45 is amended to read as follows:
‘‘45. Uninspected Commercial Fishing Industry Vessels ....................
4501’’.
(2) Section 2101 is amended as follows: 
(A) Clauses (2), (3), (3a), (6), (10), (10a), (12), (17b), (36), 
(41), (44), (45), and (46) are repealed. 
(B) In clause (8a), insert ‘‘Prevention’’ after ‘‘Abuse’’. 
(C) In clause (18), strike ‘‘those’’. 
(D) In clause (34)—
(i) strike ‘‘, except in part H,’’; and 
(ii) strike ‘‘head’’ and substitute ‘‘Secretary’’. 
(3) In section 2102—
(A) in subsection (a)(2), strike ‘‘section 2101(36) and (44)’’ 
and substitute ‘‘chapter 1’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b), strike ‘‘West’’ and ‘‘East’’ and substitute 
‘‘west’’ and ‘‘east’’, respectively. 
(4) In section 2106, strike ‘‘a district court of the United States’’ 
and substitute ‘‘the district court of the United States for any district’’. 
(5) Section 2108 is repealed. 
(6) In section 2110—
(A) in subsection (a)(2), strike ‘‘part B of this title’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘part B of this subtitle’’; 
(B) in subsection (b)(2)(A)(iii), strike the period at the end and 
substitute ‘‘; and’’; 
(C) in subsection (b)(5), strike ‘‘fees’’ and substitute ‘‘fee’’; 
(D) In subsection (f), strike ‘‘Secretary of the Treasury shall 
deny the clearance required by section 4197 of the Revised Stat-
utes of the United States (46 App. U.S.C. 91)’’ and substitute 
‘‘Secretary of Homeland Security shall deny the clearance required 
by section 60105 of this title’’; and 
(E) In subsection (j), strike ‘‘state’’ and substitute ‘‘State’’.
263
(7) In section 2301, strike ‘‘section’’ and substitute ‘‘sections 2304 
and’’. 
(8) In section 2304—
(A) insert the paragraph designation ‘‘(1)’’ after ‘‘(a)’’; and 
(B) insert at the end of subsection (a) the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a vessel of war or a vessel owned 
by the United States Government appropriated only to a public service.’’. 
(9) In section 2306(a)(2), strike ‘‘section 212(A) of the Merchant 
Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1122a),’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
50113 of this title’’. 
(10) In section 3205(d), strike ‘‘Secretary of the Treasury shall 
withhold or revoke the clearance required by section 4197 of the Re-
vised Statutes (46 App. U.S.C. 91)’’ and substitute ‘‘Secretary of 
Homeland Security shall withhold or revoke the clearance required by 
section 60105 of this title’’. 
(11) In section 3302—
(A) in subsection (b), insert a comma after ‘‘fishing vessel’’; 
(B) in subsection (j)(2)(B), strike ‘‘section 1304 of the Mer-
chant Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1295c)’’ and substitute 
‘‘chapter 515 of this title’’; and 
(C) in subsection (l)(1)(C), strike ‘‘Inc..’’ and substitute ‘‘Inc.’’. 
(12) In section 3306(d), strike ‘‘section 1302(3) of the Merchant 
Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1295a(3))’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
51102 of this title’’. 
(13) In section 3318(f), strike the period after ‘‘felony’’. 
(14) In section 3505, strike ‘‘section 3303(a)’’ and substitute ‘‘sec-
tion 3303’’. 
(15) In the analysis of chapter 37, the item for section 3719 is 
amended to read as follows:
‘‘3719. Reduction of oil spills from single hull non-self-propelled tank vessels.’’.
(16) In paragraphs (1)(C), (2), and (3) of section 3703a(c), strike 
‘‘documentation under section 4136 of the Revised Statutes of the 
United States (46 App. U.S.C. 14)’’ and substitute ‘‘documentation as 
a wrecked vessel under section 12112 of this title’’. 
(17) In section 3704, strike ‘‘section 27 of the Merchant Marine Act, 
1920 (46 App. U.S.C. 883),’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 551 of this 
title’’. 
(18) In section 3718(e)(1), strike ‘‘Secretary of the Treasury’’ and 
‘‘section 4197 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (46 App.
264
U.S.C. 91)’’ and substitute ‘‘Secretary of Homeland Security’’ and 
‘‘section 60105 of this title’’, respectively. 
(19) In section 4702, strike the subsection ‘‘(a)’’ designation. 
(20) In section 4705—
(A) strike ‘‘subcontractor not’’ and substitute ‘‘subcontractor 
are not’’; 
(B) strike ‘‘(a)(1)’’ and substitute ‘‘(a)’’; 
(C) strike ‘‘(2) Paragraph (1)’’ and substitute ‘‘(b) Subsection 
(a)’’; 
(D) strike ‘‘(A)’’ and substitute ‘‘(1)’’; and 
(E) strike ‘‘(B)’’ and substitute ‘‘(2)’’. 
(21) In section 5113(b), strike ‘‘section 4197 of the Revised Statutes 
(46 App. U.S.C. 91)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 60105 of this title’’. 
(22) In section 6101, redesignate the second subsection (g) and sub-
section (h) as subsections (h) and (i), respectively. 
(23) In section 9307(b)(2)(A), strike ‘‘The’’ and substitute ‘‘the’’. 
(24) In section 12503(a), in the matter before clause (1), strike 
‘‘delegee’’ and substitute ‘‘delegate’’. 
(25) In section 13102(a), insert ‘‘(26 U.S.C. 9504)’’ after ‘‘Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986’’. 
(26) In section 14305(a)—
(A) in clause (1), strike ‘‘and sections 12106(c) and 12108(c)’’ 
and substitute ‘‘of this subtitle and section 12116’’; 
(B) in clause (5), strike ‘‘section 4283 of the Revised Statutes 
of the United States (46 App. U.S.C. 183)’’ and substitute ‘‘sec-
tion 30506 of this title’’; 
(C) in clause (6), strike ‘‘sections 27 and 27A of the Act of 
June 5, 1920 (46 App. U.S.C. 883 and 883–1)’’ and substitute 
‘‘sections 12118 and 12132 of this title’’; and 
(D) in clause (7), strike ‘‘Act of July 14, 1956 (46 App. U.S.C. 
883a)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 12139(b) of this title’’.
(27) In section 31306(a), strike ‘‘section 9 or 37 of the Shipping 
Act, 1916 (46 App. U.S.C. 808, 835)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 56102 
or 56103 of this title’’. 
(28) In section 31308, strike ‘‘title XI of the Merchant Marine Act, 
1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1271 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 537 of 
this title’’. 
(29) In section 31322—
(A) in subsection (a)(4)(A), strike ‘‘section 12102(c)’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘section 12113(c)’’;
265
(B) in subsection (a)(4)(E), strike ‘‘under section 12102(a)’’ 
and substitute ‘‘for purposes of documentation under section 
12103’’; 
(C) in subsection (f)(2), strike ‘‘section 12102(c)’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘section 12113(c)’’. 
(30) In section 31325(b)(3)(B), strike ‘‘section 9 or 37 of the Ship-
ping Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 808, 835)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
56102 or 56103 of this title’’. 
(31) In section 31326(b)—
(A) in clause (1), strike ‘‘title XI of the Merchant Marine Act, 
1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1101 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 537 
of this title,’’; and 
(B) in clause (2), strike ‘‘title XI of that Act’’ and substitute 
‘‘chapter 537 of this title’’. 
(32) In section 31329—
(A) in subsection (a)(1), strike ‘‘section 12102’’ and substitute 
‘‘section 12103’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b)—
(i) in clause (2), strike ‘‘section 902 of the Merchant Ma-
rine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1242)’’ and substitute ‘‘chap-
ter 563 of this title’’; and 
(ii) in clause (3), strike ‘‘sale foreign within the terms of 
the first proviso of section 27 of the Merchant Marine Act, 
1920 (46 App. U.S.C. 883)’’ and substitute ‘‘sale to a person 
not a citizen of the United States under section 12132 of this 
title’’. 
(33) In section 31342(b), strike ‘‘public vessel’’ and substitute ‘‘ves-
sel that is owned, demise chartered, or operated by the United States 
Government or a government of a foreign country’’.
SEC. 15. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO OTHER LAWS. 
(a) TITLE 10.—Title 10, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 374(b)(4)(A)(iv), strike ‘‘The Maritime Drug Law En-
forcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘Chapter 
705 of title 46’’
(2) In section 2218(d)(2), strike ‘‘sections 508 and 510 of the Mer-
chant Marine Act of 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1158, 1160), shall be de-
posited in the Fund’’ and substitute ‘‘sections 57101–57104 and chap-
ter 573 of title 46’’. 
(3) In section 2350b(g)(2), strike ‘‘section 901(b) of the Merchant 
Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1241(b))’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
55305 of title 46’’.
266
(4) In section 2645—
(A) in subsection (c), strike ‘‘the second sentence of section 
1208(a) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 
1288(a))’’ and substitute ‘‘section 53909(b) of title 46’’; 
(B) in subsection (h)(1), strike ‘‘title XII of the Merchant Ma-
rine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1281 et seq.),’’ and substitute 
‘‘chapter 539 of title 46’’; and 
(C) in subsection (h)(2), strike ‘‘the first sentence of section 
1208(a) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 
1288(a))’’ and substitute ‘‘section 53909(a) of title 46’’. 
(5) In section 2664(a)(3), strike ‘‘transferred to the Secretary of 
Transportation under section 3 of the Maritime Act of 1981 (46 U.S.C. 
App. 1602)’’ and substitute ‘‘of the Secretary of Transportation relat-
ing to the Maritime Administration’’. 
(6) In section 5985, strike ‘‘section 1304 of the Merchant Marine 
Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1295c),’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 515 of 
title 46’’. 
(7) In section 7721(a), strike ‘‘the Act of March 3, 1925 (commonly 
referred to as the ‘Public Vessels Act’) (46 U.S.C. App. 781–790)’’ and 
substitute ‘‘chapter 311 of title 46’’. 
(b) TITLE 11.—Title 11, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 362(b)—
(A) in clause (12), strike ‘‘section 207 or title XI of the Mer-
chant Marine Act, 1936’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 537 of title 46 
or section 109(h) of title 49’’; and 
(B) in clause (13), strike ‘‘section 207 or title XI of the Mer-
chant Marine Act, 1936’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 537 of title 46’’. 
(2) In section 1110(a)(3)(A)(ii), strike ‘‘documented vessel (as de-
fined in section 30101(1) of title 46)’’ and substitute ‘‘vessel docu-
mented under chapter 121 of title 46’’. 
(c) TITLE 14.—Sections 821(b) and 823a(b) of title 14, United States 
Code, are each amended by striking clauses (3)–(5) and substituting the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) Section 30101 of title 46 (popularly known as the Admiralty 
Extension Act). 
‘‘(4) Chapter 309 of title 46 (known as the Suits in Admiralty Act). 
‘‘(5) Chapter 311 of title 46 (known as the Public Vessels Act).’’. 
(d) TITLE 18.—Title 18, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 229F(9)(C), strike ‘‘section 3(b) of the Maritime Drug 
Enforcement Act, as amended (46 U.S.C., App. sec. 1903(b))’’ and 
substitute ‘‘section 70502(b) of title 46, United States Code’’.
267
(2) In section 507—
(A) in the first paragraph, strike ‘‘recording, registry, or enroll-
ment of any vessel, in the office of any collector of the customs, 
or a license to any vessel for carrying on the coasting trade or 
fisheries of the United States’’ and substitute ‘‘documentation of 
any vessel’’; 
(B) in the first paragraph, strike ‘‘collector or other’’; and 
(C) in the second paragraph, strike ‘‘license,’’. 
(3) In section 924—
(A) in subsections (c)(2), (e)(2)(A)(i), (g)(2), and (k)(1), strike 
‘‘the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 
et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 705 of title 46’’; and 
(B) in subsection (g)(2), strike ‘‘802 et seq.’’ and substitute 
‘‘801 et seq.’’. 
(4) In section 929(a)(2), strike ‘‘the Maritime Drug Law Enforce-
ment Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 705 
of title 46’’. 
(5) In section 965(a), strike ‘‘section 4197 of the Revised Statutes 
of the United States (46 U.S.C. App. 91)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
60105 of title 46’’. 
(6) In section 2277(a), strike ‘‘registered, enrolled, or licensed’’ and 
substitute ‘‘documented’’. 
(7) In section 3142(e) and (f)(1)(C), strike ‘‘the Maritime Drug Law 
Enforcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘chap-
ter 705 of title 46’’. 
(e) INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986.—The Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.) is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 56(c)(2)—
(A) strike ‘‘section 607 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 
U.S.C. 1177)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 535 of title 46, United 
States Code’’; and 
(B) in clauses (A) and (B), strike ‘‘such section 607’’ substitute 
‘‘such chapter 535’’. 
(2) In section 140(a)(4), strike ‘‘section 607(d) of the Merchant Ma-
rine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. 1177)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 53507 of 
title 46, United States Code’’. 
(3) In section 543(a)(1)(B), strike ‘‘section 511 or 607 of the Mer-
chant Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. App. 1161 or 1177)’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘chapter 533 or 535 of title 46, United States Code’’.
268
(4) In section 1023(2), strike ‘‘section 511 of the Merchant Marine 
Act, 1936, as amended (46 U.S.C. 1161)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 533 
of title 46, United States Code’’. 
(5) In section 1061—
(A) in clause (1), strike ‘‘section 510 of the Merchant Marine 
Act, 1936, see subsection (e) of that section, as amended August 
4, 1939 (46 U.S.C. App. 1160)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 573 of 
title 46, United States Code, see section 57307 of title 46’’; 
(B) in clause (2), strike ‘‘section 511 of such Act, as amended 
(46 U.S.C. App. 1161)’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 533 of title 46, 
United States Code’’; and 
(C) strike clause (3). 
(6) In section 7518—
(A) in subsection (a)(1), strike ‘‘section 607 of the Merchant 
Marine Act, 1936’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 535 of title 46 of the 
United States Code’’; 
(B) in subsections (a)(2) and (c)(1)(A) and (D), strike ‘‘section 
607 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 
535 of title 46, United States Code’’; and 
(C) in subsection (g)(3)(C)(iii), strike ‘‘Merchant Marine Act of 
1936’’ and substitute ‘‘Merchant Marine Act, 1936,’’. 
(f) TITLE 28.—Title 28, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 994(h)(1)(B) and (2)(B), strike ‘‘the Maritime Drug 
Law Enforcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)’’ and substitute 
‘‘chapter 705 of title 46’’. 
(2) In section 1605(d), strike ‘‘the Ship Mortgage Act, 1920 (46 
U.S.C. 911 and following)’’ and ‘‘that Act’’ and substitute ‘‘section 
31301 of title 46’’ and ‘‘chapter 313 of title 46’’, respectively. 
(3) In section 2342(3)—
(A) in clause (A), strike ‘‘section 2, 9, 37, or 41 of the Shipping 
Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. App. 802, 803, 808, 835, 839, and 841a)’’ 
and substitute ‘‘section 50501, 50502, 56102–56105, or 57109 of 
title 46’’; and 
(B) strike clause (B) and substitute the following: 
‘‘(B) the Federal Maritime Commission issued pursuant to sec-
tion 305, 41304, 41308, or 41309 or chapter 421 or 441 of title 
46;’’. 
(4) In section 2680(d), strike ‘‘sections 741–752, 781–790 of Title 
46,’’ and substitute ‘‘chapter 309 or 311 of title 46’’. 
(g) TITLE 40.—Title 40, United States Code, is amended as follows:
269 
(1) In section 548, strike ‘‘the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. 
U.S.C. 1101 et seq.),’’ and substitute ‘‘part F of subtitle V of title 46’’. 
(2) In section 3134(b), strike ‘‘the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 
App. U.S.C. 1101 et seq.)’’ and substitute ‘‘subtitle V of title 46’’. 
(h) TITLE 49.—Title 49, United States Code, is amended as follows: 
(1) In section 5122(c)(1), strike ‘‘Secretary of the Treasury’’ and 
‘‘section 4197 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (46 App. 
U.S.C. 91)’’ and substitute ‘‘Secretary of Homeland Security’’ and 
‘‘section 60105 of title 46’’, respectively. 
(2) In section 5901(3)(B), strike ‘‘section 3 of the Shipping Act of 
1984 (46 App. U.S.C. 1702)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 40102 of title 
46’’. 
SEC. 16. LEGISLATIVE CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSITIONAL PROVI-
SIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The purpose of this Act is to complete the codification 
of title 46, United States Code, ‘‘Shipping’’, as positive law, in accordance 
with section 285b(1) of title 2, United States Code. 
(b) CONFORMITY WITH ORIGINAL INTENT.—In the codification of laws 
encompassed by this Act, the intent is to conform to the understood policy, 
intent, and purpose of the Congress in the original enactments, with such 
amendments and corrections as will remove ambiguities, contradictions, and 
other imperfections both of substance and of form. 
(c) CUTOFF DATE.—This Act codifies certain laws enacted as of March 
31, 2004. Any law enacted after that date that is inconsistent with this Act, 
including any law purporting to amend or repeal a provision that is repealed 
by this Act, supersedes this Act to the extent of the inconsistency. 
(d) ORIGINAL DATE OF ENACTMENT UNCHANGED.—For purposes of de-
termining whether one provision of law supersedes another based on enact-
ment later in time, the date of enactment of a provision codified by this 
Act is deemed to remain unchanged, continuing to be the date of enactment 
of the underlying provision that is codified. 
(e) REFERENCES IN OTHER PROVISIONS.—A reference to a provision of 
law codified by this Act, including a reference in another law or in a rule, 
regulation, or order, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision en-
acted by this Act. 
(f) SAVINGS PROVISIONS.— 
(1) RULES, REGULATIONS, AND
ORDERS.—A rule, regulation, or 
order in effect under a provision of law codified by this Act continues 
in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act. 
(2) ACTIONS TAKEN AND OFFENSES COMMITTED.—An action taken 
or an offense committed under a provision of law codified by this Act
270
is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding 
provision enacted by this Act.
SEC. 17. REPEALS. 
The following laws are repealed, except with respect to rights and duties 
that matured, penalties that were incurred, or proceedings that were begun 
before the date of enactment of this Act:
Revised Statutes 
Revised Statutes Section 
United States Code 
Title 
Section 
2792 ............................................................................
46 App. 
124
4136 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4173 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4184 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4188 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4197 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4202 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4204 ............................................................................
46 App. 
4206 ............................................................................
46 App. 
100
4219 ............................................................................
46 App. 
121
4220 ............................................................................
46 App. 
122
4221 ............................................................................
46 App. 
125
4225 ............................................................................
46 App. 
128
4226 ............................................................................
46 App. 
129
4227 ............................................................................
46 App. 
135
4228 ............................................................................
46 App. 
141
4238 ............................................................................
46 App. 
721
4239 ............................................................................
46 App. 
722
4240 ............................................................................
46 App. 
723
4241 ............................................................................
46 App. 
724
4281 ............................................................................
46 App. 
181
4282 ............................................................................
46 App. 
182
4283 ............................................................................
46 App. 
183
4283A ..........................................................................
46 App. 
183b 
4283B ..........................................................................
46 App. 
183c 
4284 ............................................................................
46 App. 
184
4285 ............................................................................
46 App. 
185
4286 ............................................................................
46 App. 
186
4287 ............................................................................
46 App. 
187
4289 ............................................................................
46 App. 
188
4309 ............................................................................
46 App. 
354
4310 ............................................................................
46 App. 
355
4311 ............................................................................
46 App. 
251
4320 ............................................................................
46 App. 
262
4336 ............................................................................
46 App. 
277
4370 ............................................................................
46 App. 
316
4373 ............................................................................
46 App. 
321
4374 ............................................................................
46 App. 
322
4375 ............................................................................
46 App. 
323
4376 ............................................................................
46 App. 
324
4378 ............................................................................
46 App. 
326
4379 ............................................................................
46 App. 
327
4380 ............................................................................
46 App. 
328
4493 ............................................................................
46 App. 
491
Statutes at Large 
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
1874
Apr. 18
110
...............................................................
31 .................
336
1878
June 19
324
...............................................................
175 ...............
725
1884
June 26
121
14 .........................................................
57 .................
121
18 .........................................................
57 .................
189
July 5
221
3 ...........................................................
119 ...............
8(c) .......................................................
........
......................
1886
June 19
421
8 ...........................................................
81 .................
289
9 ...........................................................
81 .................
320
17 .........................................................
82 .................
142
1887
Mar. 3
339
...............................................................
475 ...............
143
271
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
1892
July 26
248
1 ...........................................................
267 ...............
144
2 ...........................................................
268 ...............
145
1893
Feb. 13
105
1 ...........................................................
445 ...............
190
2 ...........................................................
445 ...............
191
3 ...........................................................
445 ...............
192
4 ...........................................................
445 ...............
193
5 ...........................................................
446 ...............
194
7 ...........................................................
446 ...............
195
Oct. 31
No. 13
...............................................................
13 .................
726
1898
Feb. 17
1 ...........................................................
248 ...............
290
3 ...........................................................
248 ...............
291
1900
Mar. 31
120
1–3 .......................................................
58 .................
163
1906
May 28
2566
1 ...........................................................
204 ...............
292
1908
Mar. 24
1 ...........................................................
46 .................
133
2 ...........................................................
46 .................
134
May 28
212
5 ...........................................................
425 ...............
104
1909
Aug. 5
36 .........................................................
111 ...............
121
1910
Mar. 8
...............................................................
234 ...............
132
1912
Aug. 1
268
1 ...........................................................
242 ...............
727
3 ...........................................................
242 ...............
729
4 ...........................................................
242 ...............
730
5 ...........................................................
242 ...............
731
1913
Oct. 3
IV(J)(1)–(3) .........................................
195 ...............
19 U.S.C. 
128, 130, 
131; 
46 App. 146
1915
Mar. 4
153
20 .........................................................
1185 .............
688
171
...............................................................
1193 .............
19 U.S.C. 
128, 131; 
46 App. 121, 
128, 146
1916
Sept. 7
451
1 ...........................................................
728 ...............
801
2(a)–(c) ................................................
729 ...............
802
2(d) .......................................................
729 ...............
803
9 ...........................................................
730 ...............
808
12 .........................................................
732 ...............
811
34 .........................................................
738 ...............
833
36 .........................................................
738 ...............
834
37 .........................................................
........
......................
835
38 .........................................................
........
......................
836
39 .........................................................
........
......................
837
41 .........................................................
........
......................
839
46 .........................................................
........
......................
842
1920
Mar. 9
1 ...........................................................
525 ...............
741
2 ...........................................................
525 ...............
742
3 ...........................................................
526 ...............
743
4 ...........................................................
526 ...............
744
5 ...........................................................
526 ...............
745, 745 nt 
6 ...........................................................
527 ...............
746
7 ...........................................................
527 ...............
747
8 ...........................................................
527 ...............
748
9 ...........................................................
527 ...............
749
10 .........................................................
528 ...............
750
11 .........................................................
528 ...............
751
12 .........................................................
528 ...............
752
Mar. 30
111
1 ...........................................................
537 ...............
761
2 ...........................................................
537 ...............
762
4 ...........................................................
537 ...............
764
272
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
5 ...........................................................
537 ...............
765
6 ...........................................................
537 ...............
766
7 ...........................................................
538 ...............
767
8 ...........................................................
538 ...............
768
June 5
250
1 ...........................................................
988 ...............
861
6 ...........................................................
991 ...............
865
7 ...........................................................
991 ...............
866
8 ...........................................................
992 ...............
867
9 ...........................................................
992 ...............
868
10 .........................................................
992 ...............
869
12 .........................................................
993 ...............
871
13 .........................................................
993 ...............
872
17 .........................................................
994 ...............
875
19 .........................................................
995 ...............
876
21 .........................................................
997 ...............
877
27 .........................................................
999 ...............
883
27A .......................................................
........
......................
883–1
28 .........................................................
999 ...............
884
36 .........................................................
1007 .............
887
37 .........................................................
1008 .............
888
39 .........................................................
1008 .............
889
1925
Mar. 3
428
1 ...........................................................
1112 .............
781
2 ...........................................................
1112 .............
782
3 ...........................................................
1112 .............
783
4 ...........................................................
1112 .............
784
5 ...........................................................
1113 .............
785
6 ...........................................................
1113 .............
786
7 ...........................................................
1113 .............
787
8 ...........................................................
1113 .............
788
9 ...........................................................
1113 .............
789
10 .........................................................
1113 .............
790
1928
May 22
675
1 ...........................................................
689 ...............
891
202 .......................................................
690 ...............
891b 
203 .......................................................
690 ...............
891c 
703 .......................................................
698 ...............
891u 
704 .......................................................
698 ...............
891v 
705 .......................................................
698 ...............
891w 
706 .......................................................
698 ...............
891x
1932
June 30
314
306 .......................................................
408 ...............
804a
315
...............................................................
420 ...............
743a, 745
1934
Mar. 26
...............................................................
500 ...............
1241–1
June 28
523
...............................................................
963 ...............
48 U.S.C. 
1664
1936
Apr. 16
229
words before § 1 ...................................
1207 .............
1300
1 ...........................................................
1208 .............
1301
2 ...........................................................
1208 .............
1302
3 ...........................................................
1208 .............
1303
4 ...........................................................
1210 .............
1304
5 ...........................................................
1211 .............
1305
6 ...........................................................
1211 .............
1306
7 ...........................................................
1212 .............
1307
8 ...........................................................
1212 .............
1308
9 ...........................................................
1212 .............
1309
11 .........................................................
1212 .............
1310
12 .........................................................
1212 .............
1311
13 .........................................................
1212 .............
1312
14 .........................................................
1213 .............
1313
15 .........................................................
1213 .............
1314
16 .........................................................
1213 .............
1315
June 25
807
1 ...........................................................
1922 .............
738
2 ...........................................................
1922 .............
738a 
4 ...........................................................
1923 .............
738c
June 29
858
101 .......................................................
1985 .............
1101
201 .......................................................
1985 .............
1111
202 .......................................................
1986 .............
1112
204 .......................................................
1987 .............
1114
205 .......................................................
1987 .............
1115
206 .......................................................
1987 .............
1116
207 .......................................................
1988 .............
1117
208 .......................................................
1988 .............
1118
209 .......................................................
1988 .............
1119
210 .......................................................
1989 .............
1120
273
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
211 .......................................................
1989 .............
1121
212 .......................................................
1990 .............
1122
212(A) ..................................................
........
......................
1122a 
212(B) ..................................................
........
......................
1122b 
213 .......................................................
1991 .............
1123
214 .......................................................
1991 .............
1124
215 .......................................................
........
......................
1125
302 .......................................................
........
......................
1132
508 .......................................................
2000 .............
1158
510 .......................................................
........
......................
1160
511 (added by Act Oct. 10, 1940) .......
........
......................
1161
607 .......................................................
2005 .............
1177
701 .......................................................
2008 .............
1191
702 .......................................................
2008 .............
1192
703 .......................................................
2008 .............
1193
704 .......................................................
2008 .............
1194
705 .......................................................
2009 .............
1195
706 .......................................................
2009 .............
1196
707 .......................................................
2009 .............
1197
708 .......................................................
2009 .............
1198
709 .......................................................
2010 .............
1199
710 .......................................................
2010 .............
1200
711 .......................................................
2010 .............
1201
712 .......................................................
2010 .............
1202
713 .......................................................
2010 .............
1203
714 .......................................................
2011 .............
1204
715 .......................................................
........
......................
1205
805 .......................................................
2012 .............
1223
806(b)–(d) ............................................
2014 .............
1228
808 .......................................................
2015 .............
1226
809(b) ...................................................
........
......................
1213
810 .......................................................
2015 .............
1227
901 .......................................................
2015 .............
1241
901a ......................................................
........
......................
1241e 
901b .....................................................
........
......................
1241f 
901c ......................................................
........
......................
1241g 
901d .....................................................
........
......................
1241h 
901e ......................................................
........
......................
1241i 
901f ......................................................
........
......................
1241j 
901g .....................................................
........
......................
1241k 
901h .....................................................
........
......................
1241l 
901i ......................................................
........
......................
1241m 
901j ......................................................
........
......................
1241n 
901k .....................................................
........
......................
1241o 
902 .......................................................
2015 .............
1242
905 .......................................................
2016 .............
1244
906 (1st sentence) ................................
2016 .............
1245
908 .......................................................
........
......................
1247
1101 .....................................................
........
......................
1271
1102 .....................................................
........
......................
1272
1103 .....................................................
........
......................
1273
1104A ...................................................
........
......................
1274
1104B ...................................................
........
......................
1274a 
1105 .....................................................
........
......................
1275
1108 .....................................................
........
......................
1279a 
1109 .....................................................
........
......................
1279b 
1110 .....................................................
........
......................
1279c 
1111 .....................................................
........
......................
1279d 
1111 .....................................................
........
......................
1279f 
1112 .....................................................
........
......................
1279e 
1112 .....................................................
........
......................
1279g 
1201 .....................................................
........
......................
1281
1202 .....................................................
........
......................
1282
1203 .....................................................
........
......................
1283
1204 .....................................................
........
......................
1284
1205 .....................................................
........
......................
1285
1206 .....................................................
........
......................
1286
1207 .....................................................
........
......................
1287
1208 .....................................................
........
......................
1288
1209 .....................................................
........
......................
1289
1210 .....................................................
........
......................
1290
1211 .....................................................
........
......................
1291
1212 .....................................................
........
......................
1292
1213 .....................................................
........
......................
1293
1214 .....................................................
........
......................
1294
1301 .....................................................
........
......................
1295
1302 .....................................................
........
......................
1295a 
1303 .....................................................
........
......................
1295b 
1304 .....................................................
........
......................
1295c 
1305 .....................................................
........
......................
1295d 
1306 .....................................................
........
......................
1295e 
1307 .....................................................
........
......................
1295f 
1308 .....................................................
........
......................
1295g
1938
June 25
681
1st proviso on p. 1119 .........................
1119 .............
1111a
1940
June 29
442
...............................................................
684 ...............
1242a
274
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
1941
Feb. 6
4 ...........................................................
6 ...................
1125a
1947
Mar. 22
proviso under heading ‘‘Independent 
Offices’’.
18 .................
1116a
1948
June 19
526
...............................................................
496 ...............
740
June 30
775
101 (last proviso on p. 1199) ..............
1199 .............
864a
1949
June 29
281
1 (proviso) ............................................
349 ...............
864b
1950
Dec. 27
1155
1, 2 .......................................................
1120 .............
3 nt prec.
1951
June 2
121
pars. under heading ‘‘Vessel Oper-
ations Revolving Fund’’.
59 .................
1241a
Nov. 1
664
par. under heading ‘‘War-Risk Insur-
ance Revolving Fund’’.
746 ...............
1288a
1956
June 20
415
101 (par. beginning with ‘‘Vessel oper-
ations revolving fund’’).
319 ...............
1241b, 
1241b nt
July 14
600
2 ...........................................................
544 ...............
883a 
3 ...........................................................
544 ...............
883b
Aug. 1
846
...............................................................
897 ...............
1241c
1957
June 13
85–52
101 (1st proviso on p. 73) ...................
73 .................
1177a
1958
June 25
85–469
101 (par. under heading ‘‘Federal Ship 
Mortgage Insurance Fund’’).
231 ...............
1280
1960
June 12
86–518
9 ...........................................................
217 ...............
1125 nt
1961
Sept. 13
87–220
2 ...........................................................
493 ...............
251a 
3 ...........................................................
493 ...............
251b
1965
June 30
89–56
...............................................................
195 ...............
1111 nt
July 30
89–99
1 ...........................................................
424 ...............
441
3 ...........................................................
424 ...............
443
4 ...........................................................
424 ...............
444
1966
Nov. 6
89–777
2 ...........................................................
1356 .............
817d 
3 ...........................................................
1357 .............
817e
1976
July 14
94–361
603 .......................................................
929 ...............
1126–1
Oct. 4
94–455
807 .......................................................
1606 .............
1177–1
1977
Dec. 13
95–208
1 ...........................................................
1475 .............
1501 nt 
2 ...........................................................
1475 .............
1501
3 ...........................................................
1476 .............
1502
4 ...........................................................
1476 .............
1503
5 ...........................................................
1477 .............
1504
6 ...........................................................
1478 .............
1505
7 ...........................................................
1479 .............
1506
8 ...........................................................
1479 .............
1507
1980
Sept. 15
96–350
1 ...........................................................
1159 .............
1901
2 ...........................................................
1160 .............
1902
3 ...........................................................
1160 .............
1903
4 ...........................................................
1160 .............
1904
Oct. 6
96–382
1 ...........................................................
1525 .............
763a
Oct. 7
96–387
5 ...........................................................
1546 .............
1121–1
1981
Aug. 6
97–31
2 ...........................................................
151 ...............
1601
3 ...........................................................
151 ...............
1602
275
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
4 ...........................................................
151 ...............
1603
5 ...........................................................
151 ...............
1604
6 ...........................................................
151 ...............
1605
8 ...........................................................
152 ...............
1607
9 ...........................................................
152 ...............
1608
1982
Oct. 15
97–322
201 .......................................................
1588 .............
446 nt 
204 .......................................................
1589 .............
446
205 .......................................................
1589 .............
446a 
206 .......................................................
1590 .............
446b 
207 .......................................................
1590 .............
446c
1984
Mar. 20
98–237
1 ...........................................................
67 .................
1701 nt 
2 ...........................................................
67 .................
1701
3 ...........................................................
67 .................
1702
4 ...........................................................
70 .................
1703
5 ...........................................................
70 .................
1704
6 ...........................................................
72 .................
1705
7 ...........................................................
73 .................
1706
8 ...........................................................
74 .................
1707
9 ...........................................................
76 .................
1708
10 .........................................................
77 .................
1709
11 .........................................................
80 .................
1710
12 .........................................................
81 .................
1711
13 .........................................................
82 .................
1712
14 .........................................................
83 .................
1713
15 .........................................................
84 .................
1714
16 .........................................................
84 .................
1715
17 .........................................................
84 .................
1716
19 .........................................................
87 .................
1718
20(e) .....................................................
90 .................
1719
Oct. 5
98–454
302 .......................................................
1734 .............
808a
Oct. 30
98–563
...............................................................
2916 .............
289c
1985
Dec. 23
99–198
1141 .....................................................
1490 .............
1241d 
1143 .....................................................
1496 .............
1241p
1986
Aug. 27
99–399
902 .......................................................
100
889 ...............
1801
905 .......................................................
100
890 ...............
1802
907 .......................................................
100
891 ...............
1803
908 .......................................................
100
891 ...............
1804
909 .......................................................
100
892 ...............
1805
910 .......................................................
100
892 ...............
1806
911 .......................................................
100
892 ...............
1807
912 .......................................................
100
892 ...............
1808
913 .......................................................
100
892 ...............
1809
1987
Dec. 22
100–202
101(a) [title V (par. under heading 
‘‘Ocean Freight Differential’’)].
101
1329, ............
1329–27 .......
1241h nt 
101(a) [title V (4th proviso on p. 
1329-28)].
101
1329, ............
1329–28 .......
1295c–1
1988
May 30
100–324
1 ...........................................................
102
576 ...............
2001 nt 
2 ...........................................................
102
576 ...............
2001
3 ...........................................................
102
576 ...............
2002
4 ...........................................................
102
576 ...............
2003
5 ...........................................................
102
576 ...............
2004
6 ...........................................................
102
577 ...............
2005
7 ...........................................................
102
577 ...............
2006
8 ...........................................................
102
577 ...............
2007
June 7
100–329
1(b) .......................................................
102
588 ...............
883 nt
Aug. 23
100–418
10002 ...................................................
102
1570 .............
1710a
1989
Oct. 13
101–115
4 ...........................................................
103
692 ...............
1295c nt 
8 ...........................................................
103
694 ...............
1121–2
1990
Nov. 28
101–624
1521 .....................................................
104
3665 .............
1241q 
1522 .....................................................
104
3665 .............
1241r 
1523 .....................................................
104
3666 .............
1241s 
1524 .....................................................
104
3667 .............
1241t 
1526 .....................................................
104
3668 .............
1241u 
1527 .....................................................
104
3668 .............
1241v
1993
Nov. 30
103–160
1358 .....................................................
107
1816 .............
1280a
276
Statutes at Large—Continued
Date 
Chapter or 
Public Law 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
U.S. Code
(46 App. un-
less otherwise 
specified) 
Vol-
ume 
Page 
1996
Oct. 19
104–324
1117 .....................................................
110
3973 .............
46 U.S.C. 
12101 nt 
1120(f) .................................................
110
3978 .............
883 nt
1998
Oct. 14
105–258
401 .......................................................
112
1916 .............
1273a
Oct. 21
105–277
203(b)–(e) ............................................
112
2681–619 .....
46 U.S.C. 
12102 nt
Nov. 13
105–383
502–504 ...............................................
112
3445 .............
46 U.S.C. 
12106 nt
2000
Oct. 30
106–398
1 [§ 3506] .............................................
114
1654, ............
1654A–494 ...
1118 nt
2002
Nov. 25
107–295
403 .......................................................
116
2114 .............
46 U.S.C. 
12119 nt 
404 .......................................................
116
2114 .............
316a
2003
Nov. 24
108–136
3527 .....................................................
117
1802 .............
1280b 
Reorganization Plans 
Year 
Plan No. 
Section 
Statutes at Large 
Volume 
Page 
1949
6 ...............
.............................................................................
1069
1950
21 .............
201, 203, 204 .....................................................
1276
1961
7 ...............
101–105, 201, 301, 302 .....................................
840, 842
Æ