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shall be used to support and promote the growth and devel-
opment of the bioeconomy within the region served by the 
eligible entity, through coordination, education, outreach, 
and other endeavors by the eligible entity. 
(d) MATCHING FUNDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Grant recipients shall provide 
matching non-Federal funds equal to the amount of 
the grant received. 
(2) EXPENDITURE.—Matching funds shall be ex-
pended in advance of grant funding, so that for every 
dollar of grant that is advanced, an equal amount of 
matching funds shall have been funded prior to sub-
mitting the request for reimbursement. 
(e) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary shall establish 
such administrative requirements for grants under this sec-
tion, including requirements for applications for the grants, 
as the Secretary considers appropriate. 
(f) AMOUNT.—A grant made under this section shall 
not exceed $500,000. 
(g) AUTHORIZATIONS
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to make grants under this 
section— 
(1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 
(2) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 
2007 and each subsequent fiscal year.
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SEC. 942. PREPROCESSING AND HARVESTING DEMONSTRA-
TION GRANTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture (re-
ferred to in this section as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall make 
grants available on a competitive basis to enterprises owned 
by agricultural producers, for the purposes of demonstrating 
cost-effective, cellulosic biomass innovations in— 
(1) preprocessing of feedstocks, including clean-
ing, separating and sorting, mixing or blending, and 
chemical or biochemical treatments, to add value and 
lower the cost of feedstock processing at a biorefinery; 
or 
(2) 1-pass or other efficient, multiple crop har-
vesting techniques. 
(b) LIMITATIONS ON GRANTS.— 
(1) NUMBER OF GRANTS.—Not more than 5 dem-
onstration projects per fiscal year shall be funded 
under this section. 
(2) NON-FEDERAL COST SHARE.—The non-Fed-
eral cost share of a project under this section shall be 
not less than 20 percent, as determined by the Sec-
retary. 
(c) CONDITION OF GRANT.—To be eligible for a grant 
for a project under this section, a recipient of a grant or 
a participating entity shall agree to use the material har-
vested under the project—
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(1) to produce ethanol; or 
(2) for another energy purpose, such as the gen-
eration of heat or electricity. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010. 
SEC. 943. EDUCATION AND OUTREACH. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture shall 
establish, within the Department of Agriculture or through 
an independent contracting entity, a program of education 
and outreach on biobased fuels and biobased products con-
sisting of— 
(1) training and technical assistance programs 
for feedstock producers to promote producer owner-
ship, investment, and participation in the operation 
of processing facilities; and 
(2) public education and outreach to familiarize 
consumers with the biobased fuels and biobased prod-
ucts. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title 
$1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010. 
SEC. 944. REPORTS. 
(a) BIOBASED PRODUCT POTENTIAL.—Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary
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of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Sec-
retary’’) shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agri-
culture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
that— 
(1) describes the economic potential for the 
United States of the widespread production and use 
of commercial and industrial biobased products 
through calendar year 2025; and 
(2) as the maximum extent practicable, identifies 
the economic potential by product area. 
(b) ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS.—Not later 
than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress an analysis of economic 
indicators of the biobased economy. 
Subtitle D—Nuclear Energy 
SEC. 945. NUCLEAR ENERGY. 
(a) CORE PROGRAMS.—There are authorized to be ap-
propriated to the Secretary to carry out nuclear energy re-
search, development, demonstration, and commercial appli-
cation activities, including activities authorized under this 
subtitle, other than those described in subsection (b)— 
(1) $330,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(2) $355,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(3) $495,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
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(b) NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
activities under section 942(f): 
(1) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(2) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(3) $145,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(c) ALLOCATIONS.—From amounts authorized under 
subsection (a), the following sums are authorized: 
(1) For activities under section 943— 
(A) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(B) $155,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(C) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(2) For activities under section 944— 
(A) $43,600,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(B) $50,100,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(C) $56,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(3) For activities under section 946, $6,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2008. 
(d) LIMITATION.—None of the funds authorized under 
this section may be used to decommission the Fast Flux 
Test Facility. 
SEC. 946. NUCLEAR ENERGY RESEARCH PROGRAMS. 
(a) NUCLEAR ENERGY RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—The 
Secretary shall carry out a Nuclear Energy Research Ini-
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tiative for research and development related to nuclear en-
ergy. 
(b) NUCLEAR ENERGY PLANT OPTIMIZATION PRO-
GRAM.—The Secretary shall carry out a Nuclear Energy 
Plant Optimization Program to support research and devel-
opment activities addressing reliability, availability, pro-
ductivity, component aging, safety, and security of existing 
nuclear power plants. 
(c) NUCLEAR POWER 2010 PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out 
a Nuclear Power 2010 Program, consistent with rec-
ommendations of the Nuclear Energy Research Advi-
sory Committee of the Department in the report enti-
tled ‘‘A Roadmap to Deploy New Nuclear Power 
Plants in the United States by 2010’’ and dated Octo-
ber 2001. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—The Program shall in-
clude— 
(A) use of the expertise and capabilities of 
industry, institutions of higher education, and 
National Laboratories in evaluation of advanced 
nuclear fuel cycles and fuels testing; 
(B) consideration of a variety of reactor de-
signs suitable for both developed and developing 
nations;
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(C) participation of international collabo-
rators in research, development, and design ef-
forts, as appropriate; and 
(D) encouragement for participation by in-
stitutions of higher education and industry. 
(d) GENERATION IV NUCLEAR ENERGY SYSTEMS INI-
TIATIVE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out 
a Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Initiative 
to develop an overall technology plan for and to sup-
port research and development necessary to make an 
informed technical decision about the most promising 
candidates for eventual commercial application. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In conducting the Initia-
tive, the Secretary shall examine advanced prolifera-
tion-resistant and passively safe reactor designs, in-
cluding designs that— 
(A) are economically competitive with other 
electric power generation plants; 
(B) have higher efficiency, lower cost, and 
improved safety compared to reactors in oper-
ation on the date of enactment of this Act; 
(C) use fuels that are proliferation resistant 
and have substantially reduced production of 
high-level waste per unit of output; and
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(D) use improved instrumentation. 
(e) REACTOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN.—The Sec-
retary shall carry out research to examine designs for high- 
temperature reactors capable of producing large-scale quan-
tities of hydrogen. 
(f) NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 
(A) develop and implement a strategy for 
the facilities of the Office of Nuclear Energy, 
Science, and Technology; and 
(B) submit to Congress a report describing 
the strategy, along with the budget request of the 
President submitted to Congress for fiscal year 
2006. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—The strategy shall pro-
vide a cost-effective means for— 
(A) maintaining existing facilities and in-
frastructure; 
(B) closing unneeded facilities; 
(C) making facility upgrades and modifica-
tions; and 
(D) building new facilities. 
SEC. 947. ADVANCED FUEL CYCLE INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through the 
Director of the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Tech-
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nology, shall conduct an advanced fuel recycling technology 
research and development program (referred to in this sec-
tion as the ‘‘program’’) to evaluate proliferation-resistant 
fuel recycling and transmutation technologies that mini-
mize environmental or public health and safety impacts as 
an alternative to aqueous reprocessing technologies deployed 
as of the date of enactment of this Act in support of evalua-
tion of alternative national strategies for spent nuclear fuel 
and the Generation IV advanced reactor concepts. 
(b) ANNUAL REVIEW.—The program shall be subject 
to annual review by the Nuclear Energy Research Advisory 
Committee of the Department or other independent entity, 
as appropriate. 
(c) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.—In carrying out 
the program, the Secretary is encouraged to seek opportuni-
ties to enhance the progress of the program through inter-
national cooperation. 
(d) REPORTS.—The Secretary shall submit, as part of 
the annual budget submission of the Department, a report 
on the activities of the program. 
SEC. 948. NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT 
FOR INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall support a 
program to invest in human resources and infrastructure 
in the nuclear sciences and engineering and related fields
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(including health physics and nuclear and radiochemistry), 
consistent with departmental missions related to civilian 
nuclear research and development. 
(b) DUTIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program 
under this section, the Secretary shall— 
(A) establish fellowship and faculty assist-
ance programs; and 
(B) provide support for fundamental re-
search and encourage collaborative research 
among industry, National Laboratories, and in-
stitutions of higher education through the Nu-
clear Energy Research Initiative established 
under section 942(a). 
(2) ENTIRE FUEL CYCLE.—The Secretary is en-
couraged to support activities addressing the entire 
fuel cycle through involvement of the Office of Nuclear 
Energy, Science and Technology and the Office of Ci-
vilian Radioactive Waste Management. 
(3) OUTREACH.—The Secretary shall support 
communication and outreach related to nuclear 
science, engineering, and nuclear waste management. 
(c) MAINTAINING RESEARCH AND TRAINING REAC-
TORS AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN INSTITUTIONS
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OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—Activities under this section 
may include— 
(1) converting research reactors currently using 
high-enrichment fuels to low-enrichment fuels; 
(2) upgrading operational instrumentation; 
(3) sharing of reactors among institutions of 
higher education; 
(4) providing technical assistance, in collabora-
tion with the United States nuclear industry, in reli-
censing and upgrading training reactors as part of a 
student training program; and 
(5) providing funding for reactor improvements 
as part of a focused effort that emphasizes research, 
training, and education. 
(d) INTERACTIONS
BETWEEN
NATIONAL
LABORA-
TORIES AND INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 
Secretary shall develop sabbatical fellowship and visiting 
scientist programs to encourage sharing of personnel be-
tween National Laboratories and institutions of higher edu-
cation. 
(e) OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE COSTS.—Funding 
for a research project provided under this section may be 
used to offset a portion of the operating and maintenance 
costs of a research reactor at an institution of higher edu-
cation used in the research project.
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SEC. 949. SECURITY OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES. 
The Secretary, acting through the Director of the Office 
of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, shall conduct 
a research and development program on cost-effective tech-
nologies for increasing— 
(1) the safety of nuclear facilities from natural 
phenomena; and 
(2) the security of nuclear facilities from delib-
erate attacks. 
SEC. 950. ALTERNATIVES TO INDUSTRIAL RADIOACTIVE 
SOURCES. 
(a) SURVEY.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than August 1, 
2006, the Secretary shall submit to Congress the re-
sults of a survey of industrial applications of large 
radioactive sources. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—The survey shall— 
(A) consider well-logging sources as 1 class 
of industrial sources; 
(B) include information on current domes-
tic and international Department, Department 
of Defense, State Department, and commercial 
programs to manage and dispose of radioactive 
sources; and 
(C) analyze available disposal options for 
currently deployed or future sources and, if defi-
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ciencies are noted for either deployed or future 
sources, recommend legislative options that Con-
gress may consider to remedy identified defi-
ciencies. 
(b) PLAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In conjunction with the sur-
vey conducted under subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall establish a research and development program to 
develop alternatives to sources described in subsection 
(a) that reduce safety, environmental, or proliferation 
risks to either workers using the sources or the public. 
(2) ACCELERATORS.—Miniaturized particle ac-
celerators for well-logging or other industrial applica-
tions and portable accelerators for production of 
short-lived radioactive materials at an industrial site 
shall be considered as part of the research and devel-
opment efforts. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than August 1, 2006, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing 
the details of the program plan. 
Subtitle E—Fossil Energy 
SEC. 951. FOSSIL ENERGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out fossil energy research, 
development, demonstration, and commercial application
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activities, including activities authorized under this sub-
title— 
(1) $583,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(2) $611,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(3) $626,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(b) ALLOCATIONS.—From amounts authorized under 
subsection (a), the following sums are authorized: 
(1) For activities under section 954, $20,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2008. 
(2) For activities under section 955— 
(A) $337,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(B) $364,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(C) $394,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(3) For activities under section 956— 
(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(B) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(C) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(4) For the Office of Arctic Energy under section 
3197 of the Floyd D. Spence National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (42 U.S.C. 
7144d) $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 
through 2008. 
(c) EXTENDED AUTHORIZATION.—There are author-
ized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of 
Arctic Energy established under section 3197 of the Floyd
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D. Spence National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2001 (42 U.S.C. 7144d) $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2009 through 2012. 
(d) LIMITATIONS.— 
(1) USES.—None of the funds authorized under 
this section may be used for Fossil Energy Environ-
mental Restoration or Import/Export Authorization. 
(2) INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—Of 
the funds authorized under subsection (b)(1), not less 
than 20 percent of the funds appropriated for each 
fiscal year shall be dedicated to research and develop-
ment carried out at institutions of higher education. 
SEC. 952. OIL AND GAS RESEARCH PROGRAMS. 
(a) OIL AND GAS RESEARCH.—The Secretary shall 
conduct a program of research, development, demonstration, 
and commercial application of oil and gas, including— 
(1) exploration and production; 
(2) gas hydrates; 
(3) reservoir life and extension; 
(4) transportation and distribution infrastruc-
ture; 
(5) ultraclean fuels; 
(6) heavy oil and shale; and 
(7) related environmental research.
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(b) NATURAL GAS AND OIL DEPOSITS REPORT.—Not 
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act 
and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, 
in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies, 
shall submit to Congress a report on the latest estimates 
of natural gas and oil reserves, reserves growth, and undis-
covered resources in Federal and State waters off the coast 
of Louisiana, Texas, Alabama, and Mississippi. 
(c) INTEGRATED CLEAN POWER AND ENERGY RE-
SEARCH.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
CENTER.—The Sec-
retary shall establish a national center or consortium 
of excellence in clean energy and power generation, 
using the resources of the Clean Power and Energy 
Research Consortium in existence on the date of en-
actment of this Act, to address the critical dependence 
of the United States on energy and the need to reduce 
emissions. 
(2) FOCUS
AREAS.—The center or consortium 
shall conduct a program of research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application on inte-
grating the following 6 focus areas: 
(A) Efficiency and reliability of gas tur-
bines for power generation.
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(B) Reduction in emissions from power gen-
eration. 
(C) Promotion of energy conservation 
issues. 
(D) Effectively using alternative fuels and 
renewable energy. 
(E) Development of advanced materials 
technology for oil and gas exploration and use in 
harsh environments. 
(F) Education on energy and power genera-
tion issues. 
SEC. 953. METHANE HYDRATE RESEARCH. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Methane Hydrate Research 
and Development Act of 2000 (30 U.S.C. 1902 note; Public 
Law 106–193) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
‘‘This Act may be cited as the ‘Methane Hydrate Re-
search and Development Act of 2000’. 
‘‘SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
‘‘Congress finds that— 
‘‘(1) in order to promote energy independence 
and meet the increasing demand for energy, the 
United States will require a diversified portfolio of 
substantially increased quantities of electricity, nat-
ural gas, and transportation fuels;
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‘‘(2) according to the report submitted to Con-
gress by the National Research Council entitled 
‘Charting the Future of Methane Hydrate Research in 
the United States’, the total United States resources 
of gas hydrates have been estimated to be on the order 
of 200,000 trillion cubic feet; 
‘‘(3) according to the report of the National 
Commission on Energy Policy entitled ‘Ending the 
Energy Stalemate—A Bipartisan Strategy to Meet 
America’s Energy Challenge’, and dated December 
2004, the United States may be endowed with over 1/ 
4 of the methane hydrate deposits in the world; 
‘‘(4) according to the Energy Information Ad-
ministration, a shortfall in natural gas supply from 
conventional and unconventional sources is expected 
to occur in or about 2020; and 
‘‘(5) the National Academy of Science states that 
methane hydrate may have the potential to alleviate 
the projected shortfall in the natural gas supply. 
‘‘SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘In this Act: 
‘‘(1) CONTRACT.—The term ‘contract’ means a 
procurement contract within the meaning of section 
6303 of title 31, United States Code.
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‘‘(2) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT.—The term ‘co-
operative agreement’ means a cooperative agreement 
within the meaning of section 6305 of title 31, United 
States Code. 
‘‘(3) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘Director’ means the 
Director of the National Science Foundation. 
‘‘(4) GRANT.—The term ‘grant’ means a grant 
awarded under a grant agreement (within the mean-
ing of section 6304 of title 31, United States Code). 
‘‘(5) INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE.—The term ‘in-
dustrial enterprise’ means a private, nongovern-
mental enterprise that has an expertise or capability 
that relates to methane hydrate research and develop-
ment. 
‘‘(6) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 
term ‘institution of higher education’ means an insti-
tution of higher education (as defined in section 102 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1002)). 
‘‘(7) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means 
the Secretary of Energy, acting through the Assistant 
Secretary for Fossil Energy. 
‘‘(8) SECRETARY OF COMMERCE.—The term ‘Sec-
retary of Commerce’ means the Secretary of Com-
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merce, acting through the Administrator of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
‘‘(9) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE.—The term ‘Sec-
retary of Defense’ means the Secretary of Defense, act-
ing through the Secretary of the Navy. 
‘‘(10) SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR.—The term 
‘Secretary of the Interior’ means the Secretary of the 
Interior, acting through the Director of the United 
States Geological Survey, the Director of the Bureau 
of Land Management, and the Director of the Min-
erals Management Service. 
‘‘SEC. 4. METHANE HYDRATE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(1) COMMENCEMENT OF PROGRAM.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of enactment of the En-
ergy Research, Development, Demonstration, and 
Commercial Application Act of 2005, the Secretary, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the 
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Interior, 
and the Director, shall commence a program of meth-
ane hydrate research and development in accordance 
with this section. 
‘‘(2) DESIGNATIONS.—The Secretary, the Sec-
retary of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Sec-
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retary of the Interior, and the Director shall designate 
individuals to carry out this section. 
‘‘(3) COORDINATION.—The individual designated 
by the Secretary shall coordinate all activities within 
the Department of Energy relating to methane hy-
drate research and development. 
‘‘(4) MEETINGS.—The individuals designated 
under paragraph (2) shall meet not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of the Energy Re-
search, Development, Demonstration, and Commercial 
Application Act of 2005 and not less frequently than 
every 180 days thereafter to— 
‘‘(A) review the progress of the program 
under paragraph (1); and 
‘‘(B) coordinate interagency research and 
partnership efforts in carrying out the program. 
‘‘(b) GRANTS, CONTRACTS, COOPERATIVE
AGREE-
MENTS, INTERAGENCY FUNDS TRANSFER AGREEMENTS, 
AND FIELD WORK PROPOSALS.— 
‘‘(1) ASSISTANCE AND COORDINATION.—In car-
rying out the program of methane hydrate research 
and development authorized by this section, the Sec-
retary may award grants to, or enter into contracts 
or cooperative agreements with, institutions of higher
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education, oceanographic institutions, and industrial 
enterprises to— 
‘‘(A) conduct basic and applied research to 
identify, explore, assess, and develop methane hy-
drate as a commercially viable source of energy; 
‘‘(B) identify methane hydrate resources 
through remote sensing; 
‘‘(C) acquire and reprocess seismic data 
suitable for characterizing methane hydrate ac-
cumulations; 
‘‘(D) assist in developing technologies re-
quired for efficient and environmentally sound 
development of methane hydrate resources; 
‘‘(E) promote education and training in 
methane hydrate resource research and resource 
development through fellowships or other means 
for graduate education and training; 
‘‘(F) conduct basic and applied research to 
assess and mitigate the environmental impact of 
hydrate 
degassing 
(including 
both 
natural 
degassing and degassing associated with commer-
cial development); 
‘‘(G) develop technologies to reduce the risks 
of drilling through methane hydrates; and
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‘‘(H) conduct exploratory drilling, well test-
ing, and production testing operations on per-
mafrost and non-permafrost gas hydrates in sup-
port of the activities authorized by this para-
graph, including drilling of 1 or more full-scale 
production test wells. 
‘‘(2) COMPETITIVE PEER REVIEW.—Funds made 
available under paragraph (1) shall be made avail-
able based on a competitive process using external sci-
entific peer review of proposed research. 
‘‘(c) METHANE HYDRATES ADVISORY PANEL.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
an advisory panel (including the hiring of appro-
priate staff) consisting of representatives of industrial 
enterprises, institutions of higher education, oceano-
graphic institutions, State agencies, and environ-
mental organizations with knowledge and expertise in 
the natural gas hydrates field, to— 
‘‘(A) assist in developing recommendations 
and broad programmatic priorities for the meth-
ane hydrate research and development program 
carried out under subsection (a)(1); 
‘‘(B) provide scientific oversight for the 
methane hydrates program, including assessing 
progress toward program goals, evaluating pro-
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gram balance, and providing recommendations 
to enhance the quality of the program over time; 
and 
‘‘(C) not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of the Energy Research, Development, 
Demonstration, and Commercial Application Act 
of 2005, and at such later dates as the panel con-
siders advisable, submit to Congress— 
‘‘(i) an assessment of the methane hy-
drate research program; and 
‘‘(ii) an assessment of the 5-year re-
search plan of the Department of Energy. 
‘‘(2) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.—In appointing 
each member of the advisory panel established under 
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure, to the max-
imum extent practicable, that the appointment of the 
member does not pose a conflict of interest with re-
spect to the duties of the member under this Act. 
‘‘(3) MEETINGS.—The advisory panel shall— 
‘‘(A) hold the initial meeting of the advisory 
panel not later than 180 days after the date of 
establishment of the advisory panel; and 
‘‘(B) meet biennially thereafter. 
‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—The advisory panel shall 
coordinate activities of the advisory panel with pro-
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gram managers of the Department of Energy at ap-
propriate national laboratories 
‘‘(d) CONSTRUCTION COSTS.—None of the funds made 
available to carry out this section may be used for the con-
struction of a new building or the acquisition, expansion, 
remodeling, or alteration of an existing building (including 
site grading and improvement and architect fees). 
‘‘(e) RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SECRETARY.—In car-
rying out subsection (b)(1), the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) facilitate and develop partnerships among 
government, industrial enterprises, and institutions of 
higher education to research, identify, assess, and ex-
plore methane hydrate resources; 
‘‘(2) undertake programs to develop basic infor-
mation necessary for promoting long-term interest in 
methane hydrate resources as an energy source; 
‘‘(3) ensure that the data and information devel-
oped through the program are accessible and widely 
disseminated as needed and appropriate; 
‘‘(4) promote cooperation among agencies that 
are developing technologies that may hold promise for 
methane hydrate resource development; 
‘‘(5) report annually to Congress on the results 
of actions taken to carry out this Act; and
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‘‘(6) ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, 
greater participation by the Department of Energy in 
international cooperative efforts. 
‘‘SEC. 5. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STUDY. 
‘‘(a) AGREEMENT FOR STUDY.—The Secretary shall 
offer to enter into an agreement with the National Research 
Council under which the National Research Council shall— 
‘‘(1) conduct a study of the progress made under 
the methane hydrate research and development pro-
gram implemented under this Act; and 
‘‘(2) make recommendations for future methane 
hydrate research and development needs. 
‘‘(b) REPORT.—Not later than September 30, 2009, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing the 
findings and recommendations of the National Research 
Council under this section. 
‘‘SEC. 6. REPORTS AND STUDIES FOR CONGRESS. 
‘‘The Secretary shall provide to the Committee on 
Science of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate copies of 
any report or study that the Department of Energy pre-
pares at the direction of any committee of Congress relating 
to the methane hydrate research and development program 
implemented under this Act.
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‘‘SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary to carry out this Act, to remain available until ex-
pended— 
‘‘(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
‘‘(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 
‘‘(3) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
‘‘(4) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and 
‘‘(5) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.’’. 
(b) RECLASSIFICATION.—The Law Revision Counsel 
shall reclassify the Methane Hydrate Research and Develop-
ment Act of 2000 (30 U.S.C. 1902 note; Public Law 106– 
193) to a new chapter at the end of title 30, United States 
Code. 
SEC. 954. LOW-VOLUME GAS RESERVOIR RESEARCH PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) DEFINITIONS OF GIS.—In this section, the term 
‘‘GIS’’ means geographic information systems technology 
that facilitates the organization and management of data 
with a geographic component. 
(b) PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall establish a pro-
gram of research, development, demonstration, and commer-
cial application to maximize the productive capacity of 
marginal wells and reservoirs. 
(c) DATA COLLECTION.—Under the program, the Sec-
retary shall collect data on—
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(1) the status and location of marginal wells and 
gas reservoirs; 
(2) the production capacity of marginal wells 
and gas reservoirs; 
(3) the location of low-pressure gathering facili-
ties and pipelines; and 
(4) the quantity of natural gas vented or flared 
in association with crude oil production. 
(d) ANALYSIS.—Under the program, the Secretary 
shall— 
(1) estimate the remaining producible reserves 
based on variable pipeline pressures; and 
(2) recommend measures that will enable the 
continued production of those resources. 
(e) STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may award a 
grant to an organization of States that contain sig-
nificant numbers of marginal oil and natural gas 
wells to conduct an annual study of low-volume nat-
ural gas reservoirs. 
(2) ORGANIZATION
WITH
NO
GIS
CAPABILI-
TIES.—If an organization receiving a grant under 
paragraph (1) does not have GIS capabilities, the or-
ganization shall contract with an institution of high-
er education with GIS capabilities.
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(3) STATE GEOLOGISTS.—The organization re-
ceiving a grant under paragraph (1) shall collaborate 
with the State geologist of each State being studied. 
(f) PUBLIC INFORMATION.—The Secretary may use the 
data collected and analyzed under this section to produce 
maps and literature to disseminate to States to promote 
conservation of natural gas reserves. 
(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
this section— 
(1) $1,500,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 
(2) $450,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 and 
2008. 
SEC. 955. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR COAL MIN-
ING TECHNOLOGIES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall carry out 
a program for research and development on coal mining 
technologies. 
(b) COOPERATION.—In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary shall cooperate with appropriate Federal agen-
cies, coal producers, trade associations, equipment manu-
facturers, institutions of higher education with mining en-
gineering departments, and other relevant entities. 
(c) PROGRAM.—The research and development activi-
ties carried out under this section shall—
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(1) be guided by the mining research and devel-
opment priorities identified by the Mining Industry 
of the Future Program and in the recommendations 
from relevant reports of the National Academy of 
Sciences on mining technologies; 
(2) include activities exploring minimization of 
contaminants in mined coal that contribute to envi-
ronmental concerns including development and dem-
onstration of electromagnetic wave imaging ahead of 
mining operations; 
(3) develop and demonstrate coal bed electro-
magnetic wave imaging, spectroscopic reservoir anal-
ysis technology, and techniques for horizontal drilling 
in order to— 
(A) identify areas of high coal gas content; 
(B) increase methane recovery efficiency; 
(C) prevent spoilage of domestic coal re-
serves; and 
(D) minimize water disposal associated 
with methane extraction; and 
(4) expand mining research capabilities at insti-
tutions of higher education. 
SEC. 956. COAL AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In addition to the programs au-
thorized under title IV, the Secretary shall conduct a pro-
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gram of technology research, development, and demonstra-
tion and commercial application for coal and power sys-
tems, including programs to facilitate production and gen-
eration of coal-based power through— 
(1) innovations for existing plants (including 
mercury removal); 
(2) gasification systems; 
(3) advanced combustion systems; 
(4) turbines for synthesis gas derived from coal; 
(5) carbon capture and sequestration research 
and development; 
(6) coal-derived chemicals and transportation 
fuels; 
(7) liquid fuels derived from low rank coal 
water; 
(8) solid fuels and feedstocks; 
(9) advanced coal-related research; 
(10) advanced separation technologies; and 
(11) fuel cells for the operation of synthesis gas 
derived from coal. 
(b) COST AND PERFORMANCE GOALS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out programs au-
thorized by this section, the Secretary shall identify 
cost and performance goals for coal-based technologies 
that would permit the continued cost-competitive use
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of coal for the production of electricity, chemical feed-
stocks, and transportation fuels in 2008, 2010, 2012, 
and 2016, and each calendar year beginning after 
September 30, 2021. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In establishing the cost 
and performance goals, the Secretary shall— 
(A) consider activities and studies under-
taken as of the date of enactment of this Act by 
industry in cooperation with the Department in 
support of the identification of the goals; 
(B) consult with interested entities, includ-
ing— 
(i) coal producers; 
(ii) industries using coal; 
(iii) organizations that promote coal 
and advanced coal technologies; 
(iv) environmental organizations; 
(v) organizations representing workers; 
and 
(vi) organizations representing con-
sumers; 
(C) not later than 120 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, publish in the Federal 
Register proposed draft cost and performance 
goals for public comments; and
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(D) not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act and every 4 years there-
after, submit to Congress a report describing the 
final cost and performance goals for the tech-
nologies that includes— 
(i) a list of technical milestones; and 
(ii) an explanation of how programs 
authorized in this section will not duplicate 
the activities authorized under the Clean 
Coal Power Initiative authorized under title 
IV. 
(c) POWDER RIVER BASIN AND FORT UNION LIGNITE 
COAL MERCURY REMOVAL.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In addition to the programs 
authorized by subsection (a), the Secretary may estab-
lish a program to test and develop technologies to con-
trol and remove mercury emissions from subbitu-
minous coal mined in the Powder River Basin, and 
Fort Union lignite coals, that are used for the genera-
tion of electricity. 
(2) EFFICACY
OF
MERCURY
REMOVAL
TECH-
NOLOGY.—In carrying out the program under para-
graph (1), the Secretary shall examine the efficacy of 
mercury removal technologies on coals described in
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that paragraph that are blended with other types of 
coal. 
(d) FUEL CELLS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a 
program of research, development, demonstration, and 
commercial application on fuel cells for low-cost, 
high-efficiency, fuel-flexible, modular power systems. 
(2) DEMONSTRATIONS.—The demonstrations re-
ferred to in paragraph (1) shall include solid oxide 
fuel cell technology for commercial, residential, and 
transportation applications, and distributed genera-
tion systems, using improved manufacturing produc-
tion and processes. 
SEC. 957. CARBON CAPTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a 10- 
year carbon capture research and development program to 
develop carbon dioxide capture technologies on combustion- 
based systems for use— 
(1) in new coal utilization facilities; and 
(2) on the fleet of coal-based units in existence on 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
(b) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the program under 
subsection (a) shall be—
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(1) to develop carbon dioxide capture tech-
nologies, including adsorption and absorption tech-
niques and chemical processes, to remove the carbon 
dioxide from gas streams containing carbon dioxide 
potentially amenable to sequestration; 
(2) to develop technologies that would directly 
produce concentrated streams of carbon dioxide poten-
tially amenable to sequestration; 
(3) to increase the efficiency of the overall system 
to reduce the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions re-
leased from the system per megawatt generated; and 
(4) in accordance with the carbon dioxide cap-
ture program, to promote a robust carbon sequestra-
tion program and continue the work of the Depart-
ment, in conjunction with the private sector, through 
regional carbon sequestration partnerships. 
SEC. 958. COMPLEX WELL TECHNOLOGY TESTING FACILITY. 
The Secretary, in coordination with industry leaders 
in extended research drilling technology, shall establish a 
Complex Well Technology Testing Facility at the Rocky 
Mountain Oilfield Testing Center to increase the range of 
extended drilling technologies.
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Subtitle F—Science 
SEC. 961. SCIENCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application activities of the 
Office of Science, including activities authorized under this 
subtitle (including the amounts authorized under the 
amendment made by section 967(b) and including basic en-
ergy sciences, advanced scientific and computing research, 
biological and environmental research, fusion energy 
sciences, high energy physics, nuclear physics, research 
analysis, and infrastructure support)— 
(1) $4,153,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(2) $4,586,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(3) $5,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(b) ALLOCATIONS.—From amounts authorized under 
subsection (a), the following sums are authorized: 
(1) For activities under the Fusion Energy 
Sciences program (including activities under section 
962)— 
(A) $349,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(B) $362,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(C) $377,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
(2) For activities under the catalysis research 
program established under section 964—