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Sec. 102. Statement of United States policy. 
TITLE II—REPORT ON MAJOR WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING COUNTRIES 
Sec. 201. Report. 
TITLE III—FRAMEWORK FOR INTERAGENCY RESPONSE 
Sec. 301. Presidential Task Force on Wildlife Trafficking. 
TITLE IV—PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE ESCALATING WILDLIFE 
TRAFFICKING CRISIS 
Sec. 401. Anti-poaching programs. 
Sec. 402. Anti-trafficking programs. 
Sec. 403. Engagement of United States diplomatic missions. 
Sec. 404. Community conservation. 
TITLE V—OTHER ACTIONS RELATING TO WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING 
PROGRAMS 
Sec. 501. Amendments to Fisherman’s Protective Act of 1967. 
Sec. 502. Wildlife trafficking violations as predicate offenses under money laun-
dering statute. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives. 
(2) CO-CHAIRS OF THE TASK FORCE.—The term 
‘‘Co-Chairs of the Task Force’’ means the Secretary of 
State, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Attorney
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General, as established pursuant to Executive Order 
13648. 
(3) 
COMMUNITY
CONSERVATION.—The 
term 
‘‘community conservation’’ means an approach to 
conservation that recognizes the rights of local people 
to manage, or benefit directly and indirectly from 
wildlife and other natural resources in a long-term 
biologically viable manner and includes— 
(A) devolving management and governance 
to local communities to create positive conditions 
for resource use that takes into account current 
and future ecological requirements; and 
(B) building the capacity of communities 
for conservation and natural resource manage-
ment. 
(4) COUNTRY OF CONCERN.—The term ‘‘country 
of concern’’ refers to a foreign country specially des-
ignated by the Secretary of State pursuant to sub-
section (b) of section 201 as a major source of wildlife 
trafficking products or their derivatives, a major 
transit point of wildlife trafficking products or their 
derivatives, or a major consumer of wildlife traf-
ficking products, in which the government has ac-
tively engaged in or knowingly profited from the traf-
ficking of endangered or threatened species.
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(5) FOCUS COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘focus country’’ 
refers to a foreign country determined by the Sec-
retary of State to be a major source of wildlife traf-
ficking products or their derivatives, a major transit 
point of wildlife trafficking products or their deriva-
tives, or a major consumer of wildlife trafficking 
products. 
(6) DEFENSE ARTICLE; DEFENSE SERVICE; SIG-
NIFICANT
MILITARY
EQUIPMENT; 
TRAINING.—The 
terms ‘‘defense article’’, ‘‘defense service’’, ‘‘significant 
military equipment’’, and ‘‘training’’ have the mean-
ings given such terms in section 47 of the Arms Ex-
port Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2794). 
(7) IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.—The term ‘‘Imple-
mentation Plan’’ means the Implementation Plan for 
the National Strategy for Combating Wildlife Traf-
ficking released on February 11, 2015, a modification 
of that plan, or a successor plan. 
(8) NATIONAL STRATEGY.—The term ‘‘National 
Strategy’’ means the National Strategy for Combating 
Wildlife Trafficking published on February 11, 2014, 
a modification of that strategy, or a successor strat-
egy. 
(9) NATIONAL WILDLIFE SERVICES.—The term 
‘‘national wildlife services’’ refers to the ministries
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and government bodies designated to manage matters 
pertaining to wildlife management, including poach-
ing or trafficking, in a focus country. 
(10) SECURITY
FORCE.—The term ‘‘security 
force’’ means a military, law enforcement, gendar-
merie, park ranger, or any other security force with 
a responsibility for protecting wildlife and natural 
habitats. 
(11) TASK
FORCE.—The term ‘‘Task Force’’ 
means the Presidential Task Force on Wildlife Traf-
ficking, as established by Executive Order 13648 (78 
Fed. Reg. 40621) and modified by section 201. 
(12) WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING.—The term ‘‘wild-
life trafficking’’ refers to the poaching or other illegal 
taking of protected or managed species and the illegal 
trade in wildlife and their related parts and products. 
TITLE I—PURPOSES AND POLICY 
SEC. 101. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this Act are— 
(1) to support a collaborative, interagency ap-
proach to address wildlife trafficking; 
(2) to protect and conserve the remaining popu-
lations of wild elephants, rhinoceroses, and other spe-
cies threatened by poaching and the illegal wildlife 
trade;
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(3) to disrupt regional and global transnational 
organized criminal networks and to prevent the ille-
gal wildlife trade from being used as a source of fi-
nancing for criminal groups that undermine United 
States and global security interests; 
(4) to prevent wildlife poaching and trafficking 
from being a means to make a living in focus coun-
tries; 
(5) to support the efforts of, and collaborate with, 
individuals, communities, local organizations, and 
foreign governments to combat poaching and wildlife 
trafficking; 
(6) to assist focus countries in implementation of 
national wildlife anti-trafficking and poaching laws; 
and 
(7) to ensure that United States assistance to 
prevent and suppress illicit wildlife trafficking is 
carefully planned and coordinated, and that it is sys-
tematically and rationally prioritized on the basis of 
detailed analysis of the nature and severity of threats 
to wildlife and the willingness and ability of foreign 
partners to cooperate effectively toward these ends. 
SEC. 102. STATEMENT OF UNITED STATES POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States—
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(1) to take immediate actions to stop the illegal 
global trade in wildlife and wildlife products and as-
sociated transnational organized crime; 
(2) to provide technical and other forms of as-
sistance to help focus countries halt the poaching of 
elephants, rhinoceroses, and other imperiled species 
and end the illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife 
products, including by providing training and assist-
ance in— 
(A) wildlife protection and management of 
wildlife populations; 
(B) anti-poaching and effective manage-
ment of protected areas including community 
managed and privately-owned lands; 
(C) local engagement of security forces in 
anti-poaching 
responsibilities, 
where 
appro-
priate; 
(D) wildlife trafficking investigative tech-
niques, including forensic tools; 
(E) transparency and corruption issues; 
(F) management, tracking, and inventory of 
confiscated wildlife contraband; 
(G) demand reduction strategies in coun-
tries that lack the means and resources to con-
duct them; and
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(H) bilateral and multilateral agreements 
and cooperation; 
(3) to employ appropriate assets and resources of 
the United States Government in a coordinated man-
ner to curtail poaching and disrupt and dismantle il-
legal wildlife trade networks and the financing of 
those networks in a manner appropriate for each 
focus country; 
(4) to build upon the National Strategy and Im-
plementation Plan to further combat wildlife traf-
ficking in a holistic manner and guide the response 
of the United States Government to ensure progress in 
the fight against wildlife trafficking; and 
(5) to recognize the ties of wildlife trafficking to 
broader forms of transnational organized criminal ac-
tivities, including trafficking, and where applicable, 
to focus on those crimes in a coordinated, cross-cut-
ting manner. 
TITLE II—REPORT ON MAJOR 
WILDLIFE 
TRAFFICKING 
COUNTRIES 
SEC. 201. REPORT. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of
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the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit 
to Congress a report that lists each country determined by 
the Secretary of State to be a focus country within the 
meaning of this Act. 
(b) SPECIAL DESIGNATION.—In each report required 
under subsection (a), the Secretary of State, in consultation 
with the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Com-
merce, shall identify each country of concern listed in the 
report the government of which has actively engaged in or 
knowingly profited from the trafficking of endangered or 
threatened species. 
(c) SUNSET.—This section shall terminate on the date 
that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
TITLE III—FRAMEWORK FOR 
INTERAGENCY RESPONSE 
SEC. 301. PRESIDENTIAL TASK FORCE ON WILDLIFE TRAF-
FICKING. 
(a) RESPONSIBILITIES.—In addition to the functions 
required by Executive Order 13648 (78 Fed. Reg. 40621), 
the Task Force shall be informed by the Secretary of State’s 
annual report required under section 201 and considering 
all available information, ensure that relevant United 
States Government agencies— 
(1) collaborate, to the greatest extent practicable, 
with the national wildlife services, or other relevant
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bodies of each focus country to prepare, not later than 
90 days after the date of submission of the report re-
quired under section 201(a), a United States mission 
assessment of the threats to wildlife in that focus 
country and an assessment of the capacity of that 
country to address wildlife trafficking; 
(2) collaborate, to the greatest extent practicable, 
with relevant ministries, national wildlife services, or 
other relevant bodies of each focus country to prepare, 
not later than 180 days after preparation of the as-
sessment referred to in paragraph (1), a United 
States mission strategic plan that includes rec-
ommendations for addressing wildlife trafficking, tak-
ing into account any regional or national strategies 
for addressing wildlife trafficking in a focus country 
developed before the preparation of such assessment; 
(3) coordinate efforts among United States Fed-
eral agencies and non-Federal partners, including 
missions, domestic and international organizations, 
the private sector, and other global partners, to imple-
ment the strategic plans required by paragraph (2) in 
each focus country; 
(4) not less frequently than annually, consult 
and coordinate with stakeholders qualified to provide 
advice, assistance, and information regarding effective
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support for anti-poaching activities, coordination of 
regional law enforcement efforts, development of and 
support for effective legal enforcement mechanisms, 
and development of strategies to reduce illicit trade 
and reduce consumer demand for illegally traded 
wildlife and wildlife products, and other relevant top-
ics under this Act; and 
(5) coordinate or carry out other functions as 
are necessary to implement this Act. 
(b) DUPLICATION AND EFFICIENCY.—The Task Force 
shall— 
(1) ensure that the activities of the Federal agen-
cies involved in carrying out efforts under this Act 
are coordinated and not duplicated; and 
(2) encourage efficiencies and coordination 
among the efforts of Federal agencies and interagency 
initiatives ongoing as of the date of the enactment of 
this Act to address trafficking activities, including 
trafficking of wildlife, humans, weapons, and nar-
cotics, illegal trade, transnational organized crime, or 
other illegal activities. 
(c) CONSISTENCY WITH AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.— 
The Task Force shall carry out its responsibilities under 
this Act in a manner consistent with the authorities and 
responsibilities of agencies represented on the Task Force.
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(d) TASK FORCE STRATEGIC REVIEW.—One year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually there-
after, the Task Force shall submit a strategic assessment 
of its work and provide a briefing to the appropriate con-
gressional committees that shall include— 
(1) a review and assessment of the Task Force’s 
implementation of this Act, identifying successes, fail-
ures, and gaps in its work, or that of agencies rep-
resented on the Task Force, including detailed de-
scriptions of— 
(A) what approaches, initiatives, or pro-
grams have succeeded best in increasing the will-
ingness and capacity of focus countries to sup-
press and prevent illegal wildlife trafficking, and 
what approaches, initiatives, or programs have 
not succeeded as well as hoped; and 
(B) which foreign governments subject to 
subsections (a) and (b) of section 201 have prov-
en to be the most successful partners in sup-
pressing and preventing illegal wildlife traf-
ficking, which focus countries have not proven to 
be so, and what factors contributed to these re-
sults in each country discussed;
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(2) a description of each Task Force member 
agency’s priorities and objectives for combating wild-
life trafficking; 
(3) an account of total United States funding 
each year since fiscal year 2014 for all government 
agencies and programs involved in countering poach-
ing and wildlife trafficking; 
(4) an account of total United States funding 
since fiscal year 2014 to support the activities of the 
Task Force, including administrative overhead costs 
and congressional reporting; and 
(5) recommendations for how to improve United 
States and international efforts to suppress and pre-
vent illegal wildlife trafficking in the future, based 
upon the Task Force’s experience as of the time of the 
review. 
(e) TERMINATION OF TASK FORCE.—The statutory au-
thorization for the Task Force provided by this Act shall 
terminate 5 years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act or such earlier date that the President terminates the 
Task Force by rescinding, superseding, or otherwise modi-
fying relevant portions of Executive Order 13648.