(g) DESIGNATION OF OFFICE.—The Secretary shall designate a single office 
to prepare all new area studies and to implement other functions under this 
section. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
(1) STUDIES OF POTENTIAL NEW SYSTEM UNITS AND MONITORING THE 
WELFARE OF SYSTEM UNIT RESOURCES.—To carry out studies for poten-
tial new System units and for monitoring the welfare of historical and 
natural resources referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection 
(d)(1), there is authorized to be appropriated not more than $1,000,000 
for each fiscal year. 
(2) MONITORING
WELFARE
AND
INTEGRITY
OF
NATIONAL
LAND-
MARKS.—To monitor the welfare and integrity of the national land-
marks, there is authorized to be appropriated not more than $1,500,000 
for each fiscal year. 
(3) CARRYING OUT SUBSECTIONS (b), (c), and (g).—To carry out sub-
sections (b), (c), and (g), there is authorized to be appropriated 
$2,000,000 for each fiscal year. 
Chapter 1007—Resource Management 
Subchapter I—System Resource Inventory and Management 
Sec. 
100701.
Protection, interpretation, and research in System. 
100702.
Research mandate. 
100703.
Cooperative study units. 
100704.
Inventory and monitoring program. 
100705.
Availability of System units for scientific study. 
100706.
Integration of study results into management decisions. 
100707.
Confidentiality of information. 
Subchapter II—System Unit Resource Protection 
100721.
Definitions. 
100722.
Liability. 
100723.
Actions. 
100724.
Use of recovered amounts. 
100725.
Donations. 
Subchapter III—Mining Activity Within System Units 
100731.
Findings and declaration. 
100732.
Preservation and management of System units by Secretary; promulgation of regula-
tions. 
100733.
Recordation of mining claims; publication of notice. 
100734.
Report on finding or notification of potential damage to natural and historical land-
marks. 
100735.
Civil actions for just compensation by mining claim holders. 
100736.
Acquisition of land by Secretary. 
100737.
Financial disclosure by officer or employee of Secretary. 
Subchapter IV—Administration 
100751.
Regulations. 
100752.
Destruction of animals and plant life. 
100753.
Disposal of timber. 
100754.
Relinquishment of legislative jurisdiction. 
100755.
Applicability of other laws. 
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Subchapter I—System Resource Inventory 
and Management 
§ 100701. Protection, interpretation, and research in System 
Recognizing the ever increasing societal pressures being placed upon Amer-
ica’s unique natural and cultural resources contained in the System, the Sec-
retary shall continually improve the ability of the Service to provide state- 
of-the-art management, protection, and interpretation of, and research on, the 
resources of the System. 
§ 100702. Research mandate 
The Secretary shall ensure that management of System units is enhanced 
by the availability and utilization of a broad program of the highest quality 
science and information. 
§ 100703. Cooperative study units 
The Secretary shall enter into cooperative agreements with colleges and 
universities, including land grant schools, in partnership with other Federal 
and State agencies, to establish cooperative study units to conduct multi-dis-
ciplinary research and develop integrated information products on the re-
sources of the System, or the larger region of which System units are a part. 
§ 100704. Inventory and monitoring program 
The Secretary shall undertake a program of inventory and monitoring of 
System resources to establish baseline information and to provide information 
on the long-term trends in the condition of System resources. The monitoring 
program shall be developed in cooperation with other Federal monitoring and 
information collection efforts to ensure a cost-effective approach. 
§ 100705. Availability of System units for scientific study 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may solicit, receive, and consider requests 
from Federal or non-Federal public or private agencies, organizations, indi-
viduals, or other entities for the use of any System unit for purposes of sci-
entific study. 
(b) CRITERIA.—A request for use of a System unit under subsection (a) 
may be approved only if the Secretary determines that the proposed study— 
(1) is consistent with applicable laws and Service management poli-
cies; and 
(2) will be conducted in a manner that poses no threat to the System 
unit resources or public enjoyment derived from System unit resources. 
(c) FEE WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive any System unit admission 
or recreational use fee in order to facilitate the conduct of scientific study 
under this section. 
(d) BENEFIT-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS.—The Secretary may negotiate for 
and enter into equitable, efficient benefit-sharing arrangements with the re-
search community and private industry. 
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§ 100706. Integration of study results into management deci-
sions 
The Secretary shall take such measures as are necessary to ensure the full 
and proper utilization of the results of scientific study for System unit man-
agement decisions. In each case in which an action undertaken by the Service 
may cause a significant adverse effect on a System unit resource, the admin-
istrative record shall reflect the manner in which System unit resource studies 
have been considered. The trend in the condition of resources of the System 
shall be a significant factor in the annual performance evaluation of each su-
perintendent of a System unit. 
§ 100707. Confidentiality of information 
Information concerning the nature and specific location of a System re-
source that is endangered, threatened, rare, or commercially valuable, of min-
eral or paleontological objects within System units, or of objects of cultural 
patrimony within System units, may be withheld from the public in response 
to a request under section 552 of title 5 unless the Secretary determines 
that— 
(1) disclosure of the information would further the purposes of the Sys-
tem unit in which the resource or object is located and would not create 
an unreasonable risk of harm, theft, or destruction of the resource or ob-
ject, including individual organic or inorganic specimens; and 
(2) disclosure is consistent with other laws protecting the resource or 
object. 
Subchapter II—System Unit Resource 
Protection 
§ 100721. Definitions 
In this subchapter: 
(1) DAMAGES.—The term ‘‘damages’’ includes— 
(A) compensation for— 
(i)(I) the cost of replacing, restoring, or acquiring the equiv-
alent of a System unit resource; and 
(II) the value of any significant loss of use of a System unit 
resource pending its restoration or replacement or the acquisi-
tion of an equivalent resource; or 
(ii) the value of the System unit resource if the System unit 
resource cannot be replaced or restored; and 
(B) the cost of a damage assessment under section 100723(b) of 
this title. 
(2) RESPONSE COSTS.—The term ‘‘response costs’’ means the costs of 
actions taken by the Secretary to— 
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(A) prevent or minimize destruction or loss of or injury to a Sys-
tem unit resource; 
(B) abate or minimize the imminent risk of the destruction, loss, 
or injury; or 
(C) monitor ongoing effects of incidents causing the destruction, 
loss, or injury. 
(3) SYSTEM UNIT RESOURCE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘System unit resource’’ means any 
living or non-living resource that is located within the boundaries 
of a System unit. 
(B) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘‘System unit resource’’ does not in-
clude a resource owned by a non-Federal entity. 
§ 100722. Liability 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsection (c), any person that destroys, 
causes the loss of, or injures any System unit resource is liable to the United 
States for response costs and damages resulting from the destruction, loss, or 
injury. 
(b) LIABILITY IN REM.—Any instrumentality, including a vessel, vehicle, 
aircraft, or other equipment, that destroys, causes the loss of, or injures any 
System unit resource shall be liable in rem to the United States for response 
costs and damages resulting from the destruction, loss, or injury to the same 
extent as a person is liable under subsection (a). 
(c) DEFENSES.—A person is not liable under this section if the person es-
tablishes that— 
(1) the destruction, loss of, or injury to the System unit resource was 
caused solely by an act of God or an act of war; 
(2) the person acted with due care, and the destruction, loss of, or in-
jury to the System unit resource was caused solely by an act or omission 
of a 3d party, other than an employee or agent of the person; or 
(3) the destruction, loss, or injury to the System unit resource was 
caused by an activity authorized by Federal or State law. 
(d) SCOPE.—Liability under this section is in addition to any other liabil-
ity that may arise under Federal or State law. 
§ 100723. Actions 
(a) CIVIL ACTION FOR RESPONSE COSTS AND DAMAGES.—The Attorney 
General, on request of the Secretary after a finding by the Secretary of de-
struction, loss, or injury to a System unit resource or a finding that absent 
the undertaking of a response action, destruction, loss, or injury to a System 
unit resource would have occurred, may bring a civil action in United States 
district court against any person or instrumentality that may be liable under 
section 100722 of this title for response costs and damages. The Secretary 
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