(b) PROHIBITION OF THE DISPLAY OF SOCIAL SECU-
RITY NUMBERS ON EMPLOYEE IDENTIFICATION CARDS, 
ETC.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—A covered entity may not 
display an individual’s security number (or any de-
rivative of such number) on any card or tag that is 
commonly provided to employees (or to their family 
members), faculty, staff, or students for purposes of 
identification. 
(2) DRIVER’S LICENSES.—A State may not dis-
play the social security number of an individual on 
driver’s licenses issued by that State. 
(c) PROHIBITION OF PRISONER ACCESS TO SOCIAL 
SECURITY NUMBERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 205(c)(2)(C) of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 405(c)(2)(C)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(x) No executive, legislative, or judicial agency or 
instrumentality of the Federal Government or of a State 
or political subdivision thereof (or person acting as an 
agent of such an agency or instrumentality) may employ, 
or enter into a contract for the use or employment of, pris-
oners in any capacity that would allow such prisoners ac-
cess to the social security account numbers of other indi-
viduals. For purposes of this clause, the term ‘prisoner’ 
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means an individual who is confined in a jail, prison, or 
other penal institution or correctional facility, serving 
community service as a term of probation or parole, or 
serving a sentence through a work-furlough program.’’. 
(2) 
TREATMENT
OF
CURRENT
ARRANGE-
MENTS.—In the case of— 
(A) prisoners employed as described in 
clause (x) of section 205(c)(2)(C) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 405(c)(2)(C)), as 
added by paragraph (1), on the date of enact-
ment of this Act; and 
(B) contracts described in such clause in 
effect on such date; 
the amendment made by paragraph (1) shall take ef-
fect 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(d) PROHIBITION OF SALE AND DISPLAY OF SOCIAL 
SECURITY NUMBERS TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), it shall be unlawful for any person— 
(A) to sell, purchase, or provide a social se-
curity number, to the general public or display 
to the general public social security numbers; or 
(B) to obtain or use any individual’s social 
security number for the purpose of locating or 
identifying such individual with the intent to 
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physically injure or harm such individual or 
using the identity of such individual for any il-
legal purpose. 
(2) EXCEPTIONS.—Notwithstanding paragraph 
(1), and subject to paragraph (4), a social security 
number may be sold, provided, displayed, or ob-
tained by any person— 
(A) to the extent necessary for law enforce-
ment or national security purposes; 
(B) to the extent necessary for public 
health purposes; 
(C) to the extent necessary in emergency 
situations to protect the health or safety of 1 
or more individuals; 
(D) to the extent that the sale or display 
is required, authorized, or permitted under any 
law of the United States or of any State (or po-
litical subdivision thereof); 
(E) for any purposes allowed under the 
Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681 et 
seq.) or the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (15 
U.S.C. 6802(e)); 
(F) to the extent necessary for verifying 
the accuracy of information submitted by an in-
dividual to a covered entity, its agents, contrac-
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tors, or employees or for the purpose of authen-
ticating or obtaining appropriate proof of the 
individual’s identity; 
(G) to the extent necessary to identify or 
locate missing or abducted children, witnesses 
to an ongoing or potential civil or criminal law-
suit, criminals, criminal suspects, parties to 
lawsuits, parents delinquent in child support 
payments, organ and bone marrow donors, pen-
sion fund beneficiaries, missing heirs, and for 
similar legal, medical, or family related pur-
poses, if the person selling, providing, dis-
playing, or obtaining the social security number 
does not do so for marketing purposes; 
(H) to the extent necessary to prevent, de-
tect, or investigate fraud, unauthorized trans-
actions, or other financial liability or to facili-
tate the enforcement of an obligation of, or col-
lection of a debt from, a consumer, if the per-
son selling, providing, displaying, or obtaining 
the social security number does not do so for 
marketing purposes; 
(I) to the extent the transmission of the 
number is incidental to, and in the course of, 
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the sale, lease, franchising, or merger of all, or 
a portion of, a business; 
(J) to the extent necessary for research 
(other than market research) conducted by an 
agency or instrumentality of the United States 
or of a State or political subdivision thereof (or 
an agent of such an agency or instrumentality) 
for the purpose of advancing the public good, 
on the condition that the researcher provides 
adequate assurances that— 
(i) the social security numbers will not 
be used to harass, target, or publicly reveal 
information concerning any identifiable in-
dividuals; 
(ii) information about identifiable in-
dividuals obtained from the research will 
not be used to make decisions that directly 
affect the rights, benefits, or privileges of 
specific individuals; and 
(iii) the researcher has in place appro-
priate safeguards to protect the privacy 
and confidentiality of any information 
about identifiable individuals, including 
procedures to ensure that the social secu-
rity numbers will be encrypted or otherwise 
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