I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5214 
To require mandatory pretrial and post conviction detention for crimes of 
violence and dangerous crimes and require mandatory cash bail for 
certain offenses that pose a threat to public safety or order in the 
District of Columbia, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 8, 2025 
Ms. STEFANIK (for herself, Mr. JAMES, and Mr. MOORE of North Carolina) 
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
Oversight and Government Reform 
A BILL 
To require mandatory pretrial and post conviction detention 
for crimes of violence and dangerous crimes and require 
mandatory cash bail for certain offenses that pose a 
threat to public safety or order in the District of Colum-
bia, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘District of Columbia 
Cash Bail Reform Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. MANDATORY PRETRIAL AND POST CONVICTION DE-
TENTION FOR CRIME OF VIOLENCE OR DAN-
GEROUS CRIME. 
(a) PRETRIAL DETENTION.—Section 23–1322, Dis-
trict of Columbia Official Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘with an of-
fense’’ and inserting ‘‘with an offense, other than a 
crime of violence or dangerous crime (as such terms 
are defined in section 1331 of this title),’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this sec-
tion, the judicial officer shall order each person charged 
with a crime of violence or a dangerous crime (as such 
terms are defined in section 1331 of this title) be detained 
for the period before trial.’’. 
(b) POST CONVICTION DETENTION.—Section 23– 
1325, District of Columbia Official Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘unless’’ and 
all that follows through ‘‘section 23–1321’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘unless’’ and 
all that follows through ‘‘section 23–1321’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(d) This provisions of this section shall apply with 
respect to a person convicted of a crime of violence or a 
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dangerous crime (as such terms are defined in section 
1331 of this title).’’. 
(c) CHANGES
TO
DEFINITION
OF
DANGEROUS 
CRIME.—Section 23–1331(3), D.C. Official Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (E), by striking ‘‘Burglary 
or attempted burglary’’ and inserting ‘‘Burglary in 
the first degree, attempted burglary in the first de-
gree, or burglary with a dangerous weapon’’; and 
(2) in subparagraph (G), by striking ‘‘Robbery 
or attempted robbery’’ and inserting ‘‘Robbery in 
the first degree, attempted robbery in the first de-
gree, or robbery with a dangerous weapon’’. 
(d) CHANGES TO DEFINITION OF CRIME OF VIO-
LENCE.—Section 23–1331(4), D.C. Official Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘burglary’’ and inserting ‘‘bur-
glary in the first degree, attempted burglary in the 
first degree, or burglar with a dangerous weapon’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘robbery’’ and inserting ‘‘rob-
bery in the first degree, attempted robbery in the 
first degree, or robbery with a dangerous weapon’’. 
(e) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
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(1) REMOVAL
OF
CRIME
OF
VIOLENCE
AND 
DANGEROUS CRIME FROM PRETRIAL RELEASE PRO-
CEDURES.—Section 23–1322, District of Columbia 
Official Code, is further amended— 
(A) in subsection (b)(1), by striking sub-
paragraph (A) and redesignating subparagraphs 
(B) through (D) as subparagraphs (A) through 
(C), respectively; 
(B) by amending subsection (c) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(c) Subject to rebuttal by the person, it shall be pre-
sumed that no condition or combination of conditions of 
release will reasonably assure the safety of any other per-
son and the community if the judicial officer finds that 
there is probable cause to believe that the person— 
‘‘(1) has threatened, injured, intimidated, or at-
tempted to threaten, injure, or intimidate a law en-
forcement officer, an officer of the court, or a pro-
spective witness or juror in any criminal investiga-
tion or judicial proceeding; 
‘‘(2) violated section 3 of the Act of July 8, 
1932 (sec. 22–4503, D.C. Official Code), section 
4(a) of such Act (sec. 22–4504(a), D.C. Official 
Code), or section 4(a–1) of such Act (sec. 22– 
4504(a)(1), D.C. Official Code); or 
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‘‘(3) violated the Firearm Control Regulations 
Act of 1975 (sec. 7–2508.01 et seq., D.C. Official 
Code) while on probation, parole, or supervised re-
lease for committing a dangerous crime or a crime 
of violence (as such terms are defined in section 
1331 of this title) and while armed with or having 
readily available a firearm, imitation firearm, or 
other deadly or dangerous weapon as described in 
section 2(a) of the Act of July 8, 1832 (sec. 22– 
4502(a), D.C. Official Code).’’; 
(C) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ‘‘is a 
crime of’’ and all that follows through ‘‘, or’’; 
and 
(D) by striking subsection (f)(3). 
(2) REMOVAL
OF
MURDER
OFFENSES
FROM 
PRETRIAL
RELEASE
PROCEDURES.—Section 23– 
1325, District of Columbia Official Code, as amend-
ed by subsection (b), is amended by striking sub-
section (a) and redesignating subsections (b) 
through (d) as (a) through (c), respectively. 
SEC. 3. REQUIRING CASH BAIL FOR RELEASE OF INDIVID-
UALS CHARGED WITH PUBLIC SAFETY OR 
ORDER OFFENSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 23–1321, District of Co-
lumbia Official Code, is amended— 
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(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Re-
leased’’ and inserting ‘‘Except as provided 
under paragraph (5), released’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘; or’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) With respect to a person charged with a 
public safety or order crime (as such term is defined 
in section 1331 of this title), released only upon exe-
cution of a secured appearance bond (as such term 
is defined in section 1331 of this title) and subject 
to any requirement under subsections (b) and (c) of 
this section as the judicial officer may order.’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘or upon exe-
cution of an unsecured appearance bond in an 
amount specified by the court,’’ and inserting ‘‘upon 
execution of an unsecured appearance bond in an 
amount specified by the court, or upon a secured ap-
pearance bond under subsection (a)(5),’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
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