(16) SCIENTIFIC MEDICATION CONTROL COM-
MITTEE.—The term ‘‘scientific medication control 
committee’’ means a committee established under 
section 201. 
(17) STATE
RACING
COMMISSION.—The term 
‘‘State racing commission’’ means an entity des-
ignated by State law or regulation that has jurisdic-
tion over the conduct of horseracing within the ap-
plicable State. 
(18) TRAINER.—The term ‘‘trainer’’ means an 
individual that is engaged in the training of covered 
horses and is the recipient of direct or indirect com-
pensation or anything of value for such services or 
expertise. 
(19) TRAINING FACILITY.—The term ‘‘training 
facility’’ means a location that— 
(A) is not a racetrack recognized and des-
ignated by the Racehorse Health and Safety 
Organization; and 
(B) operates primarily to house covered 
horses or to conduct official timed workouts or 
qualifying races. 
(20) VETERINARIAN.—The term ‘‘veterinarian’’ 
means a licensed veterinarian who provides veteri-
nary services to covered horses. 
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(21) 
WORKOUT.—The 
term 
‘‘workout’’ 
means— 
(A) a timed running of a horse over a pre-
determined distance not associated with a purse 
race; or 
(B) the competing of a horse in a harness 
qualifying race. 
SEC. 3. REPEAL OF THE HORSERACING INTEGRITY AND 
SAFETY ACT OF 2020. 
The Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act of 2020 
(15 U.S.C. 3051 et seq.) is repealed. 
SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION TO ENTER INTO INTERSTATE COM-
PACT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The consent of Congress is given 
for States to enter into an interstate compact in accord-
ance with this Act. 
(b) CONSENT OF STATES.—A State may demonstrate 
consent to enter into the interstate compact through the 
enactment of a State law that contains a provision indi-
cating such consent that is substantially similar to the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘The State of lllllllll hereby consents to 
and enters into the interstate compact established in ac-
cordance with the Racehorse Health and Safety Act of 
2023.’’. 
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(c) PROHIBITION ON INTERSTATE OFF-TRACK WA-
GERS AMONG NON-MEMBER STATES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to, and in accord-
ance with, the Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978 
(15 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.), a host State that is a 
member State of the interstate compact may allow 
the interstate transmission of any electronic signal 
for the purposes of allowing for the placement of 
interstate off-track wagers or advance deposit wa-
gers pertaining to the covered horserace concerned. 
(2) EXCEPTION.—A host State that is not a 
member State of the interstate compact is prohibited 
from allowing interstate transmission of any elec-
tronic signal for the purposes described in paragraph 
(1). 
(3) HOST STATE DEFINED.—In this subsection, 
the term ‘‘host State’’ means a State in which a 
horserace subject to an interstate wager takes place. 
TITLE I—RACEHORSE HEALTH 
AND SAFETY ORGANIZATION 
SEC. 101. RACEHORSE HEALTH AND SAFETY ORGANIZA-
TION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—States that are members of the 
interstate compact shall— 
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(1) establish and participate in an organization, 
to be known as the ‘‘Racehorse Health and Safety 
Organization’’ or the ‘‘RHSO’’, to coordinate the de-
cision making and actions of the State racing com-
mission of each member State; and 
(2) develop bylaws and rules governing the 
RHSO, including rules establishing the RHSO as an 
agency for purposes of subchapter II of chapter 5 of 
title 5, United States Code. 
(b) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The RHSO shall be gov-
erned by a board of directors composed of 9 mem-
bers, of whom— 
(A) 5 shall be appointed by the State rac-
ing commission of each of the 5 member States 
that had the greatest number of racing days 
during the preceding 3-year period, with each 
such State racing commission appointing 1 
member; and 
(B) 4 shall be appointed by the State rac-
ing commissions of the remaining member 
States. 
(2) MEMBERSHIP.— 
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(A) CHAIRPERSON.—The chairperson of 
the Board shall be elected annually by majority 
vote from among the members of the Board. 
(B) TERM.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided 
in clauses (ii) and (iii), the term of a mem-
ber of the Board shall not exceed 3 years. 
No member shall serve more than 3 full 
terms. 
(ii) INITIAL APPOINTMENT.—For pur-
poses of staggering terms of appointment, 
the initial members appointed by the State 
racing commissions in the 5 member 
States that had the greatest number of 
racing days during the prior 3-year period 
shall serve an initial term of 4 years. 
(iii) EXPANSION IN CASE OF FEWER 
THAN 9 MEMBER STATES.—If, as of the 
date described in section 502(a), fewer 
than 9 States have entered the interstate 
compact, the Board shall add a new mem-
ber as each new State enters the interstate 
compact, up to a maximum of 9 members. 
(iv) VACANCIES.—A vacancy on the 
Board shall be filled in the same manner 
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as the position was appointed immediately 
prior to the vacancy. An individual ap-
pointed to fill a vacancy occurring before 
the expiration of the term for which the 
predecessor of that individual was ap-
pointed shall be appointed for the remain-
der of that term. When the term of office 
of a member ends, the member may con-
tinue to serve until a successor is ap-
pointed. 
(C) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—Each member of 
the Board shall— 
(I) before accepting appointment 
as a Board member, disclose any po-
tential conflict of interest; 
(II) notify the full Board imme-
diately upon engaging in any activity 
that the RHSO determines may be 
perceived as a conflict of interest; and 
(III) not less frequently than an-
nually, certify in writing the informa-
tion referred to in subclauses (I) and 
(II) and disclose any potential or per-
ceived conflicts of interest. 
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(ii) RECUSAL REQUIRED.—A member 
of the Board shall recuse himself or herself 
from discussion of any item before the 
Board if such discussion— 
(I) relates to the direct financial 
interest of the member of the Board 
or an immediate family member of the 
member of the Board; and 
(II) does not apply to all covered 
horses within a breed. 
(D) REMOVAL AND ETHICS.—The Board 
may remove by majority vote a member of the 
Board or the chairperson of the Board for— 
(i) neglect of duty, unethical behavior, 
or malfeasance in office (including conduct 
determined by the Board to be injurious to 
the integrity of horseracing, such as con-
tract violations or perjury); or 
(ii) conviction of a violation of a Fed-
eral or State civil or criminal law related 
to horseracing. 
(E) QUORUM.—In order to consider at a 
meeting any item requiring the approval of the 
Board, the Board shall have in attendance at 
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such a meeting (either in person or remotely) a 
majority of members of the Board. 
(c) DUTIES OF THE BOARD.—The duties of Board 
shall be— 
(1)(A) to adopt rules with respect to scientific 
medication control recommended by each scientific 
medication control committee under section 202; or 
(B) to modify, or not adopt rules so rec-
ommended or adopt alternative rules if the Board 
determines, by a preponderance of evidence, that 
such recommendations do not meet the requirements 
specified in paragraph (4); 
(2)(A) to adopt rules with respect to racetrack 
safety recommended by the Racetrack Safety Com-
mittee under section 303; or 
(B) to modify, or not adopt rules so rec-
ommended or adopt alternative rules if the Board 
determines, by a preponderance of evidence, that 
such recommendations do not meet the requirements 
specified in paragraph (4); 
(3) to adopt rules with respect to rule viola-
tions, as described in sections 401, 402, and 403; 
(4) to ensure that any rule adopted under para-
graph (1), (2), or (3) is based on generally accepted 
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scientific principles and methods, and to the extent 
possible, on peer-reviewed scientific data and studies; 
(5) to hold open meetings with respect to pro-
posed rules recommended under sections 202 and 
303, at which the chairperson of the scientific medi-
cation control committee concerned or the chair-
person of the Racetrack Safety Committee, as appli-
cable, or the representative of such chairperson, 
shall present such proposed rules; 
(6) not later than 45 days before any such 
meeting is to be held— 
(A) to post on the internet website of the 
RHSO any proposed rule described in para-
graph (1) or (2) (or modifications to such rules) 
under consideration at such meeting; and 
(B) to submit to each State racing com-
mission (and to any other individual upon re-
quest) notification of such meeting; 
(7) to adopt any rule under paragraphs (1), 
(2), and (3) by a vote of not less than a two-thirds 
majority of the Board, determine the effective date 
of any such rule, and update any such rule in ac-
cordance with the process established under para-
graphs (5) and (6); 
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(8) after notice and an opportunity for public 
comment, in consultation with the State racing com-
missions, to develop and maintain a nationwide 
database of racehorse safety, performance, health, 
and injury information for the purpose of conducting 
an epidemiological study; 
(9) in carrying out paragraph (8), to require 
covered persons and equine industry representatives 
to collect and submit for inclusion in such database 
such information as the RHSO considers necessary 
to further the goal of increased horse welfare; 
(10) with respect to covered persons— 
(A) subject to section 102, to issue sub-
poenas and investigate rule violations; and 
(B) to refer to the appropriate State rac-
ing commission any such violation for enforce-
ment action unless the State racing commission 
concerned agrees to give that enforcement au-
thority to the RHSO; 
(11) in consultation with member States, to de-
velop uniform standards for veterinarian’s and stew-
ard’s lists and uniform procedures for entering 
horses on, and removing horses from, such lists; 
(12) to establish, and conduct oversight activi-
ties with respect to, the scientific medication control 
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committees under section 201 and the Racetrack 
Safety Committee under 302; 
(13) in carrying out paragraph (12), with re-
spect to members of the committees referred to in 
that paragraph— 
(A) to assess such members for potential 
conflicts on a case-by-case basis; and 
(B) to determine, in the sole discretion of 
the Board, whether the potential conflict re-
quires removal from the committee or denial of 
the opportunity to vote on an item pending be-
fore the relevant committee; 
(14) to carry out activities described in sub-
section (e) relating to laboratory accreditation; and 
(15) to ensure that member States comply with 
the terms of this Act, the interstate compact, and 
the rules adopted by the Board under this section, 
including the prohibition on interstate off-track wa-
gers among non-member States specified in section 
4(c). 
(d) FUNDING.— 
(1) INITIAL
FUNDING.—The RHSO, acting 
through the Board, shall assess an initial fee from 
each State racing commission of a member State in 
an amount determined by the Board to be sufficient 
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to cover the startup costs of the racing commission 
for the first full year that begins after the effective 
date specified in section 502(a). 
(2) PERMANENT FUNDING.— 
(A) ASSESSMENT
AND
COLLECTION
OF 
FEES BY STATES.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—Beginning on a 
date determined by the RHSO, each State 
racing commission of a member State shall 
remit to the RHSO an amount of fees de-
termined under subparagraph (B), in ac-
cordance with a schedule developed by the 
RHSO. 
(ii) DETERMINATION OF METHODS.— 
Each State racing commission of a mem-
ber State shall determine, subject to the 
applicable laws, regulations, and contracts 
of the State concerned, the method by 
which the amount of fees determined in ac-
cordance with subparagraph (B) shall be 
allocated, assessed, and collected. 
(B) ANNUAL CALCULATION OF AMOUNTS 
REQUIRED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—For the first year 
in which fees are collected under this sub-
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section, not later than the date determined 
by the RHSO, and not later than Novem-
ber 1 each year thereafter, the RHSO shall 
determine and provide to each State racing 
commission the estimated amount required 
from each member State— 
(I) to fund the member State’s 
proportionate share of the expendi-
tures incurred in administering the 
horseracing scientific medication con-
trol rules under subsection (c)(1) and 
the racetrack safety rules under sec-
tion subsection (c)(2) for each breed 
of covered horses racing in covered 
horseraces in the State; and 
(II) to liquidate any loan under-
taken or other debt incurred to cover 
a shortfall in fees assessed for the 
current calendar year and any pre-
ceding calendar year. 
(ii) BASIS
OF
CALCULATION.—The 
amounts calculated under clause (i) shall 
be based on the annual breed-specific 
budget of the RHSO for the breed in that 
State for the following year as approved by 
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the Board of Directors after taking into 
account— 
(I) the projected number of rac-
ing starts for the year separately for 
each breed in that State; and 
(II) any other sources of RHSO 
income. 
(C) STATE
RACING
COMMISSION
ASSESS-
MENT.— 
(i) SOURCES.—A State may fund the 
amount 
required 
under 
subparagraph 
(B)(i) from a variety of sources, including 
foal registration fees, sales contributions, 
starter fees, track fees, and other fees on 
covered persons. 
(ii) BREED-SPECIFIC ASSESSMENTS.— 
In assessing fees to meet the requirement 
under subparagraph (B), a State racing 
commission shall assess fees on a breed- 
specific basis, for the Standardbred, Thor-
oughbred, and the Quarter Horse indus-
tries operating within that State. Each 
such assessment shall be specifically ear-
marked for the development, refinement, 
and maintenance of— 
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(I) horseracing scientific medica-
tion control rules consistent with sub-
section (c)(1) that are specific and 
limited to each breed’s unique per-
formance model and developed safety 
protocols; and 
(II) racetrack safety rules con-
sistent with subsection (c)(2) that are 
specific and limited to each breed’s 
unique performance model and devel-
oped safety protocols. 
(iii) NO COMMINGLING.—A State rac-
ing commission of a member State shall 
ensure that funds assessed by the member 
State for a single breed of covered horses 
shall not be commingled for the use or sub-
sidy of any other breed of covered horses. 
(iv) THREE-FOURTHS MAJORITY VOTE 
REQUIRED FOR RATE INCREASES.—In the 
case of a proposed increase in the amount 
required under clause (i) that exceeds 5 
percent, such increase shall only become 
effective if the increase is approved by a 
vote of not less than a three-fourths major-
ity of the Board. 
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(3) BORROWING.—The RHSO may incur debt 
to carry out the duties of the RHSO but may not 
accept loans from any covered person or equine in-
dustry representative. 
(e) TESTING LABORATORIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The RHSO shall review ex-
isting rules relating to laboratory accreditation and 
testing standards issued by the State racing commis-
sions and the National Veterinary Services Labora-
tories of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service of the Department of Agriculture. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The RHSO shall select 
an accreditation body to conduct the accredita-
tion of laboratories and the audits of labora-
tories so accredited to ensure compliance with 
rules issued under subsection (c)(1). 
(B) AUTHORITY.—The accreditation body 
selected under subparagraph (A) shall have the 
authority to require specific test samples to be 
directed to, and tested by, laboratories with spe-
cial expertise in the required tests. 
(C) CONDITION OF ACCREDITATION.—The 
accreditation body so selected shall ensure that 
each laboratory seeking accreditation to conduct 
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testing of covered horses has a relationship with 
a national laboratory, such as the National Vet-
erinary Services Laboratories of the Animal and 
Plant Health Inspection Service. 
(3) SELECTION OF LABORATORIES.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A State racing commis-
sion may select, for purposes of testing samples 
from 
covered 
horses 
racing 
in 
covered 
horseraces in the State concerned, a laboratory 
accredited by the accreditation body selected 
under paragraph (2). 
(B) SELECTION BY THE RHSO.—If a State 
racing commission selects a laboratory that is 
not accredited by the accreditation body se-
lected under paragraph (2), the RHSO shall se-
lect a laboratory accredited by the accreditation 
body selected under paragraph (2) to test sam-
ples taken in that State. 
SEC. 102. ROLE OF STATES AND STATE RACING COMMIS-
SIONS. 
(a) ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY.— 
(1) STATE ELECTION TO ENFORCE.—A State 
racing commission may elect to exercise enforcement 
authority with respect to the rules issued under 
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paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 101(c) within the 
State concerned. 
(2) RHSO RULES.—If a State racing commis-
sion does not make the election described in para-
graph (1), the RHSO shall enforce the rules issued 
under paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 101(c) with-
in the State, pursuant to a memorandum of under-
standing entered into with the RHSO. 
(b) PREEMPTION.—The rules of the RHSO promul-
gated in accordance with this Act shall preempt any provi-
sion of State law or regulation of member States with re-
spect to matters within the jurisdiction of the RHSO. 
(c) UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRACTICES.— 
Each member State shall, as a condition of being a mem-
ber of the interstate compact, have in effect a statute that 
treats as an unfair or deceptive act or practice the sale 
of a covered horse, or of any other horse in anticipation 
of its future participation in a covered race, if the seller— 
(1) knows or has reason to know the horse has 
been administered— 
(A) a bisphosphonate prior to the horse’s 
fourth birthday; or 
(B) any other substance or method the 
RHSO determines has a long-term degrading 
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cation control, in accordance with subsection (e), and shall 
recommend the proposed rules to the Board. 
(c) MEETINGS.—Except as provided in subsection 
(e), meetings of a scientific medication control committee 
may be closed. 
(d) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) COMPOSITION.—Each scientific medication 
control committee shall be composed of 7 members, 
as follows: 
(A) REGULATORY MEMBERS.—Three mem-
bers of each scientific medication control com-
mittee shall be appointed— 
(i) by the Board from within the 
equine industry; and 
(ii) based on their knowledge of 
equine exercise physiology, forensic toxi-
cology, or equine pharmacology. 
(B) INDUSTRY MEMBERS.—Four members 
of each scientific medication control committee 
shall be appointed as follows: 
(i) For the Standardbred Racing Sci-
entific Medication Control Committee, such 
appointments shall be made by the United 
States Trotting Association. 
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(ii) For the Quarter Horse Racing 
Scientific Medication Control Committee, 
such appointments shall be made by the 
American Quarter Horse Association. 
(iii) For the Thoroughbred Racing 
Scientific Medication Control Committee, 
such appointments shall be made by the 
National Horsemen’s Benevolent and Pro-
tective Association. 
(2) QUALIFICATIONS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The members of a sci-
entific medication control committee appointed 
under paragraph (1)(B) shall— 
(i) have significant, recent experience 
in medication control or toxicology re-
search; 
(ii) hold a doctorate of philosophy or 
equivalent degree; and 
(B) 
ADDITIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS.—Of 
the 
members 
appointed 
under 
paragraph 
(1)(B)— 
(i) at least 1 member shall be a math-
ematician or statistician with experience in 
threshold determination; 
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(ii) at least 1 member shall be an 
equine exercise physiologist; 
(iii) at least 1 member shall be an 
equine pharmacologist; and 
(iv) at least 1 member shall be an an-
alytical chemist. 
(3) TERM.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.— Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), the term of each member of 
a scientific medication control committee shall 
not exceed 3 years. Such term is renewable for 
an indefinite number of terms. 
(B) INITIAL TERM.—For purposes of stag-
gering the terms of appointment, the members 
first appointed under paragraph (1)(A) shall 
serve an initial term of 4 years. 
(C) LIMITATION.—No member of a sci-
entific medication control committee may serve 
as a member on more than 2 scientific medica-
tion control committees. 
(4) CHAIRPERSON.—The chairperson of each 
scientific medication control committee shall be 
elected annually from among the members of the sci-
entific medication control committee by majority 
vote of the scientific medication control committee. 
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(5) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.—Each member 
appointed to a scientific medication control com-
mittee shall, before the beginning of any meeting of 
the scientific medication control committee, declare 
any conflicts of interest directly pertinent to the 
agenda of such meeting. 
(6) QUORUM.—In order to consider at a meet-
ing any rule being proposed to the Board, each sci-
entific medication control committee shall have in at-
tendance at such a meeting (either in person or re-
motely) a majority of members of the scientific 
medication control committee. 
(e) RULES FOR SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL CONTROL.— 
(1) ADOPTION OF RULES.—Not later than 90 
days before the consideration of a rule (or a modi-
fication to such a rule), each scientific medication 
control committee shall hold an open meeting at 
which covered persons or their representatives may 
provide input. 
(2) NOTICE OF MEETING.—Not less than 45 
days before the date on which the meeting referred 
to in paragraph (1) is to be held, the agenda, loca-
tion, and date of such meeting shall— 
(A) be posted on the internet website of 
the RHSO; 
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(B) submitted to the Racing Medication 
and Testing Consortium, the Harness Racing 
Medication Collaborative, and the American 
Quarter Horse Association Medication Com-
mittee; and 
(C) provided to any individual or entity re-
questing such information. 
(3) RECORDING OF INPUT.—If any input from 
a covered person (or a representative of a covered 
person) is provided during a meeting referred to in 
paragraph (1), or provided in writing, such input 
shall be transcribed and recorded and made part of 
the record of the scientific medication control com-
mittee concerned. 
(4) REVIEW OF MEDICATION AND THRESHOLD 
RULES.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Each scientific medica-
tion control committee shall review— 
(i) all existing medication and thresh-
old rules issued by State racing commis-
sions with respect to covered horses; and 
(ii) all available research on medica-
tion thresholds for covered horses. 
(B) PENALTY RECOMMENDATIONS.—A sci-
entific medication control committee may revise 
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penalty recommendations with respect to each 
substance reviewed as part of the medication 
and threshold review under subparagraph (A). 
(C) MEDICATIONS.—Each scientific medi-
cation control committee shall— 
(i) review the development of any new 
medication on an ongoing basis to deter-
mine whether such medication should be 
subject to the medication control rules 
issued pursuant to section 101(c); and 
(ii) if the scientific medication control 
committee determines that such a medica-
tion should be subject to such rules, the 
scientific medication control committee 
shall develop and submit to the Board for 
approval proposed modifications to such 
rules to include such medication. 
SEC. 202. HORSERACING SCIENTIFIC MEDICATION CON-
TROL RULES. 
(a) APPLICABILITY.—Scientific medication control 
rules issued under section 101(c)(1) for each breed of cov-
ered horse shall apply to— 
(1) covered horseraces, covered persons, and 
covered horses in member States; and 
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