I 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 439 
To direct the Secretary of the Interior to establish a demonstration program 
to adapt the successful practices of providing foreign aid to under-
developed economies to the provision of Federal economic development 
assistance to Native communities in similarly situated remote areas in 
the United States, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 21, 2021 
Mr. YOUNG (for himself, Mr. CASE, and Mr. KAHELE) introduced the 
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources 
A BILL 
To direct the Secretary of the Interior to establish a dem-
onstration program to adapt the successful practices of 
providing foreign aid to underdeveloped economies to the 
provision of Federal economic development assistance to 
Native communities in similarly situated remote areas 
in the United States, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Native American Mil-
lennium Challenge Demonstration Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this Act are— 
(1) to adapt the lessons of foreign aid to under-
developed economies, such as the experience of the 
Millennium Challenge Corporation, to the provision 
of Federal economic development assistance to simi-
larly situated remote Native American communities; 
(2) to provide Federal economic development 
assistance for Native American communities through 
the Native American Challenge Demonstration 
Project; 
(3) to administer Federal economic development 
assistance in a manner that— 
(A) promotes economic growth and the 
elimination of poverty; 
(B) strengthens good governance, entrepre-
neurship, and investment in Native American 
communities; and 
(C) builds the capacity of Native people to 
grow sustainable local economies; 
(4) to improve the effectiveness of Federal eco-
nomic development assistance by encouraging the in-
tegration and coordination of the assistance in re-
mote Native American communities; 
(5) to promote sustainable economic growth and 
poverty reduction policies in remote Native American 
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communities in a manner that promotes self-deter-
mination and self-sufficiency among remote Native 
American communities while preserving the cultural 
values of those communities; and 
(6) to establish a demonstration project within 
remote areas of noncontiguous States that experi-
ence high levels of poverty and lack access to tradi-
tional transportation infrastructure (highways, rail-
ways, and ports), which, if successful, could poten-
tially benefit other Native American communities in 
the United States. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) COMPACT.—The term ‘‘compact’’ means a 
binding agreement with the United States entered 
into pursuant to this Act. 
(2) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY.—The 
term ‘‘economic development strategy’’ means a 
strategy— 
(A) written by an eligible entity and de-
signed to achieve sustainable economic growth 
and reduce poverty over a defined period; and 
(B) developed in consultation with public 
and private sector entities, as appropriate to 
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the geographic area and intended beneficiaries 
of the compact. 
(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘eligible enti-
ty’’ means a consortium of Native organizations 
in a noncontiguous State, with priority given to 
organizations serving regions with the highest 
poverty levels. 
(B) ALASKA.—In the State of Alaska, a 
consortium shall be comprised of not more than 
2 regional Alaska Native nonprofit organiza-
tions, to be determined by the Secretary, in 
consultation with statewide Alaska Native orga-
nizations. 
(C) HAWAII.—In the State of Hawaii, a 
consortium shall be comprised of local Native 
Hawaiian nonprofit organizations that serve the 
interests of Native Hawaiians and in which Na-
tive Hawaiians serve in leadership and sub-
stantive policymaking positions. 
(4) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian Tribe’’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 
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