H. R. 2617—711 
(A) the functional and performance capabilities to be 
delivered and the mission benefits to be realized; 
(B) the estimated life-cycle cost; 
(C) key milestones to be met through the project end 
date, including any identified system decommissioning; 
(D) a description of the procurement strategy and 
governance structure for the project and the number of 
HUD staff and contractors supporting the project; and 
(E) certification from the Chief Information Officer that 
each project is compliant with the Department’s enterprise 
architecture, life-cycle management and capital planning 
and investment control requirements: 
Provided further, That not later than 30 days after the end of 
each quarter, the Secretary shall submit an updated report to 
the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
and the Senate summarizing the status, cost and plan for all 
modernization projects; and for each major modernization project 
with an approved project plan, identifying— 
(1) results and actual expenditures of the prior quarter; 
(2) any variances in cost, schedule (including procurement), 
or functionality from the previously approved project plan, rea-
sons for such variances and estimated impact on total life- 
cycle costs; and 
(3) risks and mitigation strategies associated with ongoing 
work. 
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL 
For necessary salaries and expenses of the Office of Inspector 
General in carrying out the Inspector General Act of 1978, as 
amended, $146,000,000: Provided, That the Inspector General shall 
have independent authority over all personnel issues within this 
office. 
GENERAL PROVISIONS—DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN 
DEVELOPMENT 
(INCLUDING TRANSFER OF FUNDS) 
(INCLUDING RESCISSION) 
SEC. 201. Fifty percent of the amounts of budget authority, 
or in lieu thereof 50 percent of the cash amounts associated with 
such budget authority, that are recaptured from projects described 
in section 1012(a) of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance 
Amendments Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1437f note) shall be rescinded 
or in the case of cash, shall be remitted to the Treasury, and 
such amounts of budget authority or cash recaptured and not 
rescinded or remitted to the Treasury shall be used by State housing 
finance agencies or local governments or local housing agencies 
with projects approved by the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
Development for which settlement occurred after January 1, 1992, 
in accordance with such section. Notwithstanding the previous sen-
tence, the Secretary may award up to 15 percent of the budget 
authority or cash recaptured and not rescinded or remitted to 
the Treasury to provide project owners with incentives to refinance 
their project at a lower interest rate.
H. R. 2617—712 
SEC. 202. None of the funds made available by this Act may 
be used during fiscal year 2023 to investigate or prosecute under 
the Fair Housing Act any otherwise lawful activity engaged in 
by one or more persons, including the filing or maintaining of 
a nonfrivolous legal action, that is engaged in solely for the purpose 
of achieving or preventing action by a Government official or entity, 
or a court of competent jurisdiction. 
SEC. 203. Except as explicitly provided in law, any grant, 
cooperative agreement or other assistance made pursuant to title 
II of this Act shall be made on a competitive basis and in accordance 
with section 102 of the Department of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment Reform Act of 1989 (42 U.S.C. 3545). 
SEC. 204. Funds of the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development subject to the Government Corporation Control Act 
or section 402 of the Housing Act of 1950 shall be available, without 
regard to the limitations on administrative expenses, for legal serv-
ices on a contract or fee basis, and for utilizing and making payment 
for services and facilities of the Federal National Mortgage Associa-
tion, Government National Mortgage Association, Federal Home 
Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal Financing Bank, Federal 
Reserve banks or any member thereof, Federal Home Loan banks, 
and any insured bank within the meaning of the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation Act, as amended (12 U.S.C. 1811–1). 
SEC. 205. Unless otherwise provided for in this Act or through 
a reprogramming of funds, no part of any appropriation for the 
Department of Housing and Urban Development shall be available 
for any program, project or activity in excess of amounts set forth 
in the budget estimates submitted to Congress. 
SEC. 206. Corporations and agencies of the Department of 
Housing and Urban Development which are subject to the Govern-
ment Corporation Control Act are hereby authorized to make such 
expenditures, within the limits of funds and borrowing authority 
available to each such corporation or agency and in accordance 
with law, and to make such contracts and commitments without 
regard to fiscal year limitations as provided by section 104 of 
such Act as may be necessary in carrying out the programs set 
forth in the budget for 2023 for such corporation or agency except 
as hereinafter provided: Provided, That collections of these corpora-
tions and agencies may be used for new loan or mortgage purchase 
commitments only to the extent expressly provided for in this 
Act (unless such loans are in support of other forms of assistance 
provided for in this or prior appropriations Acts), except that this 
proviso shall not apply to the mortgage insurance or guaranty 
operations of these corporations, or where loans or mortgage pur-
chases are necessary to protect the financial interest of the United 
States Government. 
SEC. 207. The Secretary shall provide quarterly reports to the 
House and Senate Committees on Appropriations regarding all 
uncommitted, unobligated, recaptured and excess funds in each 
program and activity within the jurisdiction of the Department 
and shall submit additional, updated budget information to these 
Committees upon request. 
SEC. 208. None of the funds made available by this title may 
be used for an audit of the Government National Mortgage Associa-
tion that makes applicable requirements under the Federal Credit 
Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661 et seq.).
H. R. 2617—713 
SEC. 209. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, sub-
ject to the conditions listed under this section, for fiscal years 
2023 and 2024, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
may authorize the transfer of some or all project-based assistance, 
debt held or insured by the Secretary and statutorily required 
low-income and very low-income use restrictions if any, associated 
with one or more multifamily housing project or projects to another 
multifamily housing project or projects. 
(b) PHASED TRANSFERS.—Transfers of project-based assistance 
under this section may be done in phases to accommodate the 
financing and other requirements related to rehabilitating or con-
structing the project or projects to which the assistance is trans-
ferred, to ensure that such project or projects meet the standards 
under subsection (c). 
(c) The transfer authorized in subsection (a) is subject to the 
following conditions: 
(1) NUMBER AND BEDROOM SIZE OF UNITS.— 
(A) For occupied units in the transferring project: The 
number of low-income and very low-income units and the 
configuration (i.e., bedroom size) provided by the transfer-
ring project shall be no less than when transferred to 
the receiving project or projects and the net dollar amount 
of Federal assistance provided to the transferring project 
shall remain the same in the receiving project or projects. 
(B) For unoccupied units in the transferring project: 
The Secretary may authorize a reduction in the number 
of dwelling units in the receiving project or projects to 
allow for a reconfiguration of bedroom sizes to meet current 
market demands, as determined by the Secretary and pro-
vided there is no increase in the project-based assistance 
budget authority. 
(2) The transferring project shall, as determined by the 
Secretary, be either physically obsolete or economically non-
viable, or be reasonably expected to become economically non-
viable when complying with State or Federal requirements 
for community integration and reduced concentration of individ-
uals with disabilities. 
(3) The receiving project or projects shall meet or exceed 
applicable physical standards established by the Secretary. 
(4) The owner or mortgagor of the transferring project 
shall notify and consult with the tenants residing in the 
transferring project and provide a certification of approval by 
all appropriate local governmental officials. 
(5) The tenants of the transferring project who remain 
eligible for assistance to be provided by the receiving project 
or projects shall not be required to vacate their units in the 
transferring project or projects until new units in the receiving 
project are available for occupancy. 
(6) The Secretary determines that this transfer is in the 
best interest of the tenants. 
(7) If either the transferring project or the receiving project 
or projects meets the condition specified in subsection (d)(2)(A), 
any lien on the receiving project resulting from additional 
financing obtained by the owner shall be subordinate to any 
FHA-insured mortgage lien transferred to, or placed on, such 
project by the Secretary, except that the Secretary may waive 
this requirement upon determination that such a waiver is
H. R. 2617—714 
necessary to facilitate the financing of acquisition, construction, 
and/or rehabilitation of the receiving project or projects. 
(8) If the transferring project meets the requirements of 
subsection (d)(2), the owner or mortgagor of the receiving 
project or projects shall execute and record either a continuation 
of the existing use agreement or a new use agreement for 
the project where, in either case, any use restrictions in such 
agreement are of no lesser duration than the existing use 
restrictions. 
(9) The transfer does not increase the cost (as defined 
in section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
U.S.C. 661a)) of any FHA-insured mortgage, except to the 
extent that appropriations are provided in advance for the 
amount of any such increased cost. 
(d) For purposes of this section— 
(1) the terms ‘‘low-income’’ and ‘‘very low-income’’ shall 
have the meanings provided by the statute and/or regulations 
governing the program under which the project is insured or 
assisted; 
(2) the term ‘‘multifamily housing project’’ means housing 
that meets one of the following conditions— 
(A) housing that is subject to a mortgage insured under 
the National Housing Act; 
(B) housing that has project-based assistance attached 
to the structure including projects undergoing mark to 
market debt restructuring under the Multifamily Assisted 
Housing Reform and Affordability Housing Act; 
(C) housing that is assisted under section 202 of the 
Housing Act of 1959 (12 U.S.C. 1701q); 
(D) housing that is assisted under section 202 of the 
Housing Act of 1959 (12 U.S.C. 1701q), as such section 
existed before the enactment of the Cranston-Gonzales 
National Affordable Housing Act; 
(E) housing that is assisted under section 811 of the 
Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act (42 
U.S.C. 8013); or 
(F) housing or vacant land that is subject to a use 
agreement; 
(3) the term ‘‘project-based assistance’’ means— 
(A) assistance provided under section 8(b) of the United 
States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(b)); 
(B) assistance for housing constructed or substantially 
rehabilitated pursuant to assistance provided under section 
8(b)(2) of such Act (as such section existed immediately 
before October 1, 1983); 
(C) rent supplement payments under section 101 of 
the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 (12 U.S.C. 
1701s); 
(D) interest reduction payments under section 236 and/ 
or additional assistance payments under section 236(f)(2) 
of the National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–1); 
(E) assistance payments made under section 202(c)(2) 
of the Housing Act of 1959 (12 U.S.C. 1701q(c)(2)); and 
(F) assistance payments made under section 811(d)(2) 
of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act 
(42 U.S.C. 8013(d)(2));
H. R. 2617—715 
(4) the term ‘‘receiving project or projects’’ means the multi-
family housing project or projects to which some or all of 
the project-based assistance, debt, and statutorily required low- 
income and very low-income use restrictions are to be trans-
ferred; 
(5) the term ‘‘transferring project’’ means the multifamily 
housing project which is transferring some or all of the project- 
based assistance, debt, and the statutorily required low-income 
and very low-income use restrictions to the receiving project 
or projects; and 
(6) the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Housing 
and Urban Development. 
(e) RESEARCH REPORT.—The Secretary shall conduct an evalua-
tion of the transfer authority under this section, including the 
effect of such transfers on the operational efficiency, contract rents, 
physical and financial conditions, and long-term preservation of 
the affected properties. 
SEC. 210. (a) No assistance shall be provided under section 
8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) 
to any individual who— 
(1) is enrolled as a student at an institution of higher 
education (as defined under section 102 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002)); 
(2) is under 24 years of age; 
(3) is not a veteran; 
(4) is unmarried; 
(5) does not have a dependent child; 
(6) is not a person with disabilities, as such term is defined 
in section 3(b)(3)(E) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 
(42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(3)(E)) and was not receiving assistance 
under such section 8 as of November 30, 2005; 
(7) is not a youth who left foster care at age 14 or older 
and is at risk of becoming homeless; and 
(8) is not otherwise individually eligible, or has parents 
who, individually or jointly, are not eligible, to receive assist-
ance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 
1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f). 
(b) For purposes of determining the eligibility of a person 
to receive assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing 
Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f), any financial assistance (in excess 
of amounts received for tuition and any other required fees and 
charges) that an individual receives under the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), from private sources, or 
from an institution of higher education (as defined under section 
102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002)), shall 
be considered income to that individual, except for a person over 
the age of 23 with dependent children. 
SEC. 211. The funds made available for Native Alaskans under 
paragraph (1) under the heading ‘‘Native American Programs’’ in 
title II of this Act shall be allocated to the same Native Alaskan 
housing block grant recipients that received funds in fiscal year 
2005, and only such recipients shall be eligible to apply for funds 
made available under paragraph (2) of such heading. 
SEC. 212. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in fiscal 
year 2023, in managing and disposing of any multifamily property 
that is owned or has a mortgage held by the Secretary of Housing 
and Urban Development, and during the process of foreclosure
H. R. 2617—716 
on any property with a contract for rental assistance payments 
under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 
U.S.C. 1437f) or any other Federal programs, the Secretary shall 
maintain any rental assistance payments under section 8 of the 
United States Housing Act of 1937 and other programs that are 
attached to any dwelling units in the property. To the extent 
the Secretary determines, in consultation with the tenants and 
the local government that such a multifamily property owned or 
having a mortgage held by the Secretary is not feasible for continued 
rental assistance payments under such section 8 or other programs, 
based on consideration of (1) the costs of rehabilitating and oper-
ating the property and all available Federal, State, and local 
resources, including rent adjustments under section 524 of the 
Multifamily Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 
(in this section ‘‘MAHRAA’’) (42 U.S.C. 1437f note), and (2) environ-
mental conditions that cannot be remedied in a cost-effective 
fashion, the Secretary may, in consultation with the tenants of 
that property, contract for project-based rental assistance payments 
with an owner or owners of other existing housing properties, 
or provide other rental assistance. The Secretary shall also take 
appropriate steps to ensure that project-based contracts remain 
in effect prior to foreclosure, subject to the exercise of contractual 
abatement remedies to assist relocation of tenants for imminent 
major threats to health and safety after written notice to and 
informed consent of the affected tenants and use of other available 
remedies, such as partial abatements or receivership. After disposi-
tion of any multifamily property described in this section, the con-
tract and allowable rent levels on such properties shall be subject 
to the requirements under section 524 of MAHRAA. 
SEC. 213. Public housing agencies that own and operate 400 
or fewer public housing units may elect to be exempt from any 
asset management requirement imposed by the Secretary in connec-
tion with the operating fund rule: Provided, That an agency seeking 
a discontinuance of a reduction of subsidy under the operating 
fund formula shall not be exempt from asset management require-
ments. 
SEC. 214. With respect to the use of amounts provided in 
this Act and in future Acts for the operation, capital improvement, 
and management of public housing as authorized by sections 9(d) 
and 9(e) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
1437g(d),(e)), the Secretary shall not impose any requirement or 
guideline relating to asset management that restricts or limits 
in any way the use of capital funds for central office costs pursuant 
to paragraph (1) or (2) of section 9(g) of the United States Housing 
Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(g)(1), (2)): Provided, That a public 
housing agency may not use capital funds authorized under section 
9(d) for activities that are eligible under section 9(e) for assistance 
with amounts from the operating fund in excess of the amounts 
permitted under paragraph (1) or (2) of section 9(g). 
SEC. 215. No official or employee of the Department of Housing 
and Urban Development shall be designated as an allotment holder 
unless the Office of the Chief Financial Officer has determined 
that such allotment holder has implemented an adequate system 
of funds control and has received training in funds control proce-
dures and directives. The Chief Financial Officer shall ensure that 
there is a trained allotment holder for each HUD appropriation 
under the accounts ‘‘Executive Offices’’, ‘‘Administrative Support
H. R. 2617—717 
Offices’’, ‘‘Program Offices’’, ‘‘Government National Mortgage 
Association—Guarantees of Mortgage-Backed Securities Loan Guar-
antee Program Account’’, and ‘‘Office of Inspector General’’ within 
the Department of Housing and Urban Development. 
SEC. 216. The Secretary shall, for fiscal year 2023, notify the 
public through the Federal Register and other means, as determined 
appropriate, of the issuance of a notice of the availability of assist-
ance or notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) for any program 
or discretionary fund administered by the Secretary that is to 
be competitively awarded. Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, for fiscal year 2023, the Secretary may make the NOFO avail-
able only on the Internet at the appropriate Government website 
or through other electronic media, as determined by the Secretary. 
SEC. 217. Payment of attorney fees in program-related litigation 
shall be paid from the individual program office and Office of 
General Counsel salaries and expenses appropriations. 
SEC. 218. The Secretary is authorized to transfer up to 10 
percent or $5,000,000, whichever is less, of funds appropriated 
for any office under the headings ‘‘Administrative Support Offices’’ 
or ‘‘Program Offices’’ to any other such office under such headings: 
Provided, That no appropriation for any such office under such 
headings shall be increased or decreased by more than 10 percent 
or $5,000,000, whichever is less, without prior written approval 
of the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations: Provided 
further, That the Secretary shall provide notification to such 
Committees 3 business days in advance of any such transfers under 
this section up to 10 percent or $5,000,000, whichever is less. 
SEC. 219. (a) Any entity receiving housing assistance payments 
shall maintain decent, safe, and sanitary conditions, as determined 
by the Secretary, and comply with any standards under applicable 
State or local laws, rules, ordinances, or regulations relating to 
the physical condition of any property covered under a housing 
assistance payment contract. 
(b) The Secretary shall take action under subsection (c) when 
a multifamily housing project with a contract under section 8 of 
the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) or a 
contract for similar project-based assistance— 
(1) receives a Uniform Physical Condition Standards 
(UPCS) score of 59 or less; or 
(2) fails to certify in writing to the Secretary within 3 
days that all Exigent Health and Safety deficiencies identified 
by the inspector at the project have been corrected. 
Such requirements shall apply to insured and noninsured 
projects with assistance attached to the units under section 8 of 
the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f), but 
shall not apply to such units assisted under section 8(o)(13) of 
such Act (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)(13)) or to public housing units assisted 
with capital or operating funds under section 9 of the United 
States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g). 
(c)(1) Within 15 days of the issuance of the Real Estate Assess-
ment Center (‘‘REAC’’) inspection, the Secretary shall provide the 
owner with a Notice of Default with a specified timetable, deter-
mined by the Secretary, for correcting all deficiencies. The Secretary 
shall provide a copy of the Notice of Default to the tenants, the 
local government, any mortgagees, and any contract administrator. 
If the owner’s appeal results in a UPCS score of 60 or above, 
the Secretary may withdraw the Notice of Default.
H. R. 2617—718 
(2) At the end of the time period for correcting all deficiencies 
specified in the Notice of Default, if the owner fails to fully correct 
such deficiencies, the Secretary may— 
(A) require immediate replacement of project management 
with a management agent approved by the Secretary; 
(B) impose civil money penalties, which shall be used solely 
for the purpose of supporting safe and sanitary conditions at 
applicable properties, as designated by the Secretary, with pri-
ority given to the tenants of the property affected by the pen-
alty; 
(C) abate the section 8 contract, including partial abate-
ment, as determined by the Secretary, until all deficiencies 
have been corrected; 
(D) pursue transfer of the project to an owner, approved 
by the Secretary under established procedures, who will be 
obligated to promptly make all required repairs and to accept 
renewal of the assistance contract if such renewal is offered; 
(E) transfer the existing section 8 contract to another 
project or projects and owner or owners; 
(F) pursue exclusionary sanctions, including suspensions 
or debarments from Federal programs; 
(G) seek judicial appointment of a receiver to manage the 
property and cure all project deficiencies or seek a judicial 
order of specific performance requiring the owner to cure all 
project deficiencies; 
(H) work with the owner, lender, or other related party 
to stabilize the property in an attempt to preserve the property 
through compliance, transfer of ownership, or an infusion of 
capital provided by a third-party that requires time to effec-
tuate; or 
(I) take any other regulatory or contractual remedies avail-
able as deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary. 
(d) The Secretary shall take appropriate steps to ensure that 
project-based contracts remain in effect, subject to the exercise 
of contractual abatement remedies to assist relocation of tenants 
for major threats to health and safety after written notice to the 
affected tenants. To the extent the Secretary determines, in con-
sultation with the tenants and the local government, that the 
property is not feasible for continued rental assistance payments 
under such section 8 or other programs, based on consideration 
of— 
(1) the costs of rehabilitating and operating the property 
and all available Federal, State, and local resources, including 
rent adjustments under section 524 of the Multifamily Assisted 
Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 (‘‘MAHRAA’’); 
and 
(2) environmental conditions that cannot be remedied in 
a cost-effective fashion, the Secretary may contract for project- 
based rental assistance payments with an owner or owners 
of other existing housing properties, or provide other rental 
assistance. 
(e) The Secretary shall report semi-annually on all properties 
covered by this section that are assessed through the Real Estate 
Assessment Center and have UPCS physical inspection scores of 
less than 60 or have received an unsatisfactory management and 
occupancy review within the past 36 months. The report shall 
include—
H. R. 2617—719 
(1) identification of the enforcement actions being taken 
to address such conditions, including imposition of civil money 
penalties and termination of subsidies, and identification of 
properties that have such conditions multiple times; 
(2) identification of actions that the Department of Housing 
and Urban Development is taking to protect tenants of such 
identified properties; and 
(3) any administrative or legislative recommendations to 
further improve the living conditions at properties covered 
under a housing assistance payment contract. 
The first report shall be submitted to the Senate and House 
Committees on Appropriations not later than 30 days after the 
enactment of this Act, and the second report shall be submitted 
within 180 days of the transmittal of the first report. 
SEC. 220. None of the funds made available by this Act, or 
any other Act, for purposes authorized under section 8 (only with 
respect to the tenant-based rental assistance program) and section 
9 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et 
seq.), may be used by any public housing agency for any amount 
of salary, including bonuses, for the chief executive officer of which, 
or any other official or employee of which, that exceeds the annual 
rate of basic pay payable for a position at level IV of the Executive 
Schedule at any time during any public housing agency fiscal year 
2023. 
SEC. 221. None of the funds made available by this Act and 
provided to the Department of Housing and Urban Development 
may be used to make a grant award unless the Secretary notifies 
the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations not less than 
3 full business days before any project, State, locality, housing 
authority, Tribe, nonprofit organization, or other entity selected 
to receive a grant award is announced by the Department or its 
offices: Provided, That such notification shall list each grant award 
by State and congressional district. 
SEC. 222. None of the funds made available in this Act shall 
be used by the Federal Housing Administration, the Government 
National Mortgage Association, or the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development to insure, securitize, or establish a Federal 
guarantee of any mortgage or mortgage backed security that 
refinances or otherwise replaces a mortgage that has been subject 
to eminent domain condemnation or seizure, by a State, munici-
pality, or any other political subdivision of a State. 
SEC. 223. None of the funds made available by this Act may 
be used to terminate the status of a unit of general local government 
as a metropolitan city (as defined in section 102 of the Housing 
and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5302)) with 
respect to grants under section 106 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5306). 
SEC. 224. Amounts made available by this Act that are appro-
priated, allocated, advanced on a reimbursable basis, or transferred 
to the Office of Policy Development and Research of the Department 
of Housing and Urban Development and functions thereof, for 
research, evaluation, or statistical purposes, and that are unex-
pended at the time of completion of a contract, grant, or cooperative 
agreement, may be deobligated and shall immediately become avail-
able and may be reobligated in that fiscal year or the subsequent 
fiscal year for the research, evaluation, or statistical purposes for 
which the amounts are made available to that Office subject to 
reprogramming requirements in section 405 of this Act.