267
Subtitle C—Incentives for Missile 
Threat Reduction 
SEC. 1431. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE. 
(a) TYPES OF ASSISTANCE.—The President is author-
ized to provide, on such terms as the President deems appro-
priate, the following assistance to countries that agree to 
destroy their ballistic missiles, and their facilities for pro-
ducing ballistic missiles, that have a payload capacity of 
500 kilograms or more over a distance of 300 kilometers 
or more: 
(1) Assistance under section 23 of the Arms Ex-
port Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763). 
(2) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et 
seq.), notwithstanding section 531(e) or 660(a) of that 
Act (22 U.S.C. 2346(e) or 2420(a)). 
(3) Drawdown of defense articles, defense serv-
ices, and military education and training under sec-
tion 506 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2318). 
(b) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Assistance au-
thorized under subsection (a) may not be provided until 30 
days after the date on which the President has provided 
notice thereof to the appropriate congressional committees 
in accordance with the procedures applicable to reprogram-
268
ming notifications under section 634A(a) of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1(a)). 
(c) LIMITATION.—Any assistance provided to a coun-
try under subsection (a) may not be provided in more than 
3 fiscal years. 
SEC. 1432. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—There is authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out section 1431 the 
sum of $250,000,000. 
(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts appropriated pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations under subsection (a) 
are authorized to remain available until expended. 
SEC. 1433. AUTHORIZATION OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN 
MISSILE DISARMAMENT. 
The President is authorized to provide technical assist-
ance in the destruction of any missile or facility for pro-
ducing ballistic missiles, in any country that requests such 
assistance.
TITLE XV—EXPORTS OF 
SATELLITES 
SEC. 1501. EXPORT CONTROLS ON SATELLITES AND RE-
LATED ITEMS. 
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in the 
case of the export of commercial communications satellites 
and related items to a country that is a member of the
269
North Atlantic Treaty Organization or that is a major non-
NATO ally of the United States, the President may deter-
mine to what extent, and under which provisions of law, 
such export may be controlled. 
SEC.
1502.
MANDATORY
REVIEW
BY
DEPARTMENT
OF 
STATE. 
(a) CERTAIN DEFENSE SERVICES.—The provision of 
defense services by United States persons, including services 
or assistance provided during technical interchange meet-
ings, in connection with the launch of a satellite from, or 
by nationals of, the People’s Republic of China, are subject 
to section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act. 
(b) NOTIFICATION TO CONGRESS.—At least 30 days be-
fore any export license or any technical assistance agree-
ment is approved under subsection (a), the President shall 
transmit a certification with respect to such export license 
or technical assistance agreement in the manner provided 
in section 36(d) of the Arms Export Control Act, to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman 
of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. The 
export license or technical assistance agreement shall not 
be approved if the Congress, within that 30-day period, en-
acts a joint resolution prohibiting such approval. The pro-
visions of section 36(d)(5) of that Act shall apply with re-
spect to any such joint resolution, and the provisions of sec-
270
tion 36(f) of that Act shall apply with respect to any certifi-
cation submitted under this subsection. 
SEC. 1503. EXPORT RESTRICTIONS NOT AFFECTED. 
Nothing in this title shall be construed to—
(1) modify any restriction on exports imposed 
under any other provision of law, including—
(A) restrictions on exports to—
(i) any country the government of 
which has been determined by the Secretary 
of State to have repeatedly provided support 
for acts of international terrorism; 
(ii) any country that does not adhere 
to the Missile Technology Control Regime; 
or 
(iii) any other country of proliferation 
concern; and 
(B) restrictions imposed under title IX of 
the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal 
Years 1990 and 1991; or 
(2) affect any provision of section 1514 or 1515 
of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (22 U.S.C. 2778 note), 
or of title XIV of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (22 U.S.C. 2778 note).
271
SEC. 1504. DEFINITIONS. 
In this title: 
(1) DEFENSE SERVICE.—The term ‘‘defense serv-
ice’’ means—
(A) the furnishing of assistance (including 
training) to foreign persons, whether in the 
United States or abroad, in the design, develop-
ment, engineering, manufacture, production, as-
sembly, testing, repair, maintenance, modifica-
tion, operation, destruction, processing, or use of 
a satellite or related items; and 
(B)
the
furnishing
to
foreign
persons, 
whether in the United States or abroad, of any 
technical data in connection with a satellite or 
related items. 
(2) RELATED ITEMS.—The term ‘‘related items’’ 
means the satellite fuel, ground support equipment, 
test equipment, payload adapter or interface hard-
ware, replacement parts, and nonembedded solid pro-
pellant orbit transfer engines described in the report 
submitted to Congress by the Department of State on 
February 6, 1998, pursuant to section 38(f) of the 
Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778(f)), as well 
as systems, components, parts, accessories, and associ-
ated equipment for satellites, including ground con-
trol equipment.
272
(3) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term ‘‘United 
States person’’ has the meaning given that term in 
section 16(2) of the Export Administration Act of 
1979 (50 U.S.C. 1415(2)).
TITLE XVI XV—PROMOTION OF 
DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, 
AND 
RULE 
OF 
LAW 
IN 
BELARUS
SEC. 1601 1501. ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY AND 
CIVIL SOCIETY IN BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSES OF ASSISTANCE.—The assistance under 
this section shall be available for the following purposes: 
(1) To assist the people of the Republic of 
Belarus in regaining their freedom and to enable 
them to join the European community of democracies. 
(2) To encourage free and fair presidential, par-
liamentary, and local elections in Belarus, conducted 
in a manner consistent with internationally accepted 
standards and under the supervision of internation-
ally recognized observers. 
(3) To assist in restoring and strengthening in-
stitutions of democratic governance in Belarus. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION FOR ASSISTANCE.—To carry out 
the purposes of subsection (a), the President is authorized 
to furnish assistance and other support for the activities
273
described in subsection (c), to be provided primarily for in-
digenous Belarusian groups that are committed to the sup-
port of democratic processes. 
(c) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Activities that may be 
supported by assistance under subsection (b) include—
(1) the observation of elections and the pro-
motion of free and fair electoral processes; 
(2) development of democratic political parties; 
(3) radio and television broadcasting to and 
within Belarus; 
(4) the development of nongovernmental organi-
zations promoting democracy and supporting human 
rights; 
(5) the development of independent media work-
ing within Belarus and from locations outside the 
country and supported by nonstate-controlled print-
ing facilities; 
(6) international exchanges and advanced profes-
sional training programs for leaders and members of 
the democratic forces in skill areas central to the de-
velopment of civil society; and 
(7) other activities consistent with the purposes 
of this title. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
274
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out this section 
such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2004 
and 2005. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization of appropria-
tions under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain 
available until expended.
SEC. 1602 1502. RADIO BROADCASTING TO BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to au-
thorize increased support for United States Government 
and surrogate radio broadcasting to the Republic of Belarus 
that will facilitate the unhindered dissemination of infor-
mation. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addi-
tion to such sums as are otherwise authorized to be appro-
priated, there is authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as may be necessary for each fiscal year for Voice of Amer-
ica and RFE/RL, Incorporated for radio broadcasting to 
the people of Belarus in languages spoken in Belarus.
SEC. 1603 1503. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO SANC-
TIONS 
AGAINST 
THE 
GOVERNMENT 
OF 
BELARUS.
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that the sanctions described in subsections (c) and (d)
275
should apply with respect to the Republic of Belarus until 
the President determines and certifies to the appropriate 
congressional committees that the Government of Belarus 
has made significant progress in meeting the conditions de-
scribed in subsection (b). 
(b) CONDITIONS.—The conditions referred to in sub-
section (a) are the following: 
(1) The release of individuals in Belarus who 
have been jailed based on political or religious beliefs. 
(2) The withdrawal of politically motivated legal 
charges against all opposition figures and inde-
pendent journalists in Belarus. 
(3) A full accounting of the disappearances of 
opposition leaders and journalists in Belarus, includ-
ing 
Victor 
Gonchar, 
Anatoly 
Krasovsky, 
Yuri 
Zakharenka, and Dmitry Zavadsky, and the prosecu-
tion of those individuals who are responsible for their 
disappearances. 
(4) The cessation of all forms of harassment and 
repression against the independent media, inde-
pendent trade unions, nongovernmental organiza-
tions, religious organizations (including their leader-
ship and members), and the political opposition in 
Belarus.
276
(5) The implementation of free and fair presi-
dential and parliamentary elections in Belarus con-
sistent with OSCE standards on democratic elections 
and in cooperation with relevant OSCE institutions. 
(c) DENIAL OF ENTRY INTO THE UNITED STATES OF 
BELARUSIAN OFFICIALS.—The President should use his au-
thority under section 212(f) of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(f)) to deny the entry into the 
United States of any alien who—
(1) holds a position in the senior leadership of 
the Government of Belarus; or 
(2) is a spouse, minor child, or agent of a person 
inadmissible under paragraph (1). 
(d) PROHIBITION ON LOANS AND INVESTMENT.—
(1) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT FINANCING.—
No loan, credit guarantee, insurance, financing, or 
other similar financial assistance should be extended 
by any agency of the United States Government (in-
cluding the Export-Import Bank and the Overseas 
Private Investment Corporation) to the Government 
of Belarus, except with respect to the provision of hu-
manitarian goods and agricultural or medical prod-
ucts. 
(2) TRADE
AND
DEVELOPMENT
AGENCY.—No 
funds available to the Trade and Development Agency
277
should be available for activities of the Agency in or 
for Belarus. 
(e) MULTILATERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—It is 
further the sense of Congress that, in addition to the appli-
cation of the sanctions described in subsections (c) and (d) 
to the Republic of Belarus (until the President determines 
and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
that the Government of Belarus has made significant 
progress in meeting the conditions described in subsection 
(b)), the Secretary of the Treasury should instruct the 
United States Executive Director of each international fi-
nancial institution to which the United States is a member 
to use the voice and vote of the United States to oppose 
any extension by those institutions of any financial assist-
ance (including any technical assistance or grant) of any 
kind to the Government of Belarus, except for loans and 
assistance that serve humanitarian needs.
SEC. 1604 1504. MULTILATERAL COOPERATION.
It is the sense of Congress that the President should 
continue to seek to coordinate with other countries, particu-
larly European countries, a comprehensive, multilateral 
strategy to further the purposes of this title, including, as 
appropriate, encouraging other countries to take measures 
with respect to the Republic of Belarus that are similar to 
measures described in this title.
278
SEC. 1605 1505. REPORT.
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, and every year thereafter, the 
President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report that describes, with respect to the pre-
ceding 12-month period, the following: 
(1) The sale or delivery of weapons or weapons-
related technologies from the Republic of Belarus to 
any country, the government of which the Secretary 
of State has determined, for purposes of section 
6(j)(1) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 
U.S.C. App. 2405(j)(1)), has repeatedly provided sup-
port for acts of international terrorism. 
(2) An identification of each country described 
in paragraph (1) and a detailed description of the 
weapons or weapons-related technologies involved in 
the sale. 
(3) An identification of the goods, services, cred-
its, or other consideration received by Belarus in ex-
change for the weapons or weapons-related tech-
nologies. 
(4) The personal assets and wealth of Aleksandr 
Lukashenka and other senior leadership of the Gov-
ernment of Belarus.
279
(b) FORM.—A report transmitted pursuant to sub-
section (a) shall be in unclassified form but may contain 
a classified annex.
SEC. 1606 1506. DEFINITIONS.
In this title: 
(1) OSCE.—The term ‘‘OSCE’’ means the Orga-
nization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. 
(2) SENIOR LEADERSHIP OF THE GOVERNMENT 
OF
BELARUS.—The term ‘‘senior leadership of the 
Government of Belarus’’ includes—
(A) the President, Prime Minister, Deputy 
Prime Ministers, government ministers, Chair-
men of State Committees, and members of the 
Presidential Administration of Belarus; 
(B) any official of the Government of 
Belarus who is personally and substantially in-
volved in the suppression of freedom in Belarus, 
including judges and prosecutors; and 
(C) any other individual determined by the 
Secretary of State (or the Secretary’s designee) to 
be personally and substantially involved in the 
formulation or execution of the policies of the 
Lukashenka regime that are in contradiction of 
internationally recognized human rights stand-
ards.
280
TITLE XVII XVI—ISRAELI-PALES-
TINIAN 
PEACE 
ENHANCE-
MENT ACT OF 2003
SEC. 1701 1601. SHORT TITLE.
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Israeli-Palestinian 
Peace Enhancement Act of 2003’’.
SEC. 1702 1602. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings: 
(1) The security of the State of Israel is a major 
and enduring national security interest of the United 
States. 
(2) A lasting peace in the Middle East region 
can only take root in an atmosphere free of violence 
and terrorism. 
(3) The Palestinian people have been ill-served 
by leaders who, by resorting to violence and terrorism 
to pursue their political objectives, have brought eco-
nomic and personal hardship to their people and 
brought a halt to efforts seeking a negotiated settle-
ment of the conflict. 
(4) The United States has an interest in a Mid-
dle East in which two states, Israel and Palestine, 
will live side by side in peace and security. 
(5) In his speech of June 24, 2002, and in other 
statements, President George W. Bush outlined a com-
281
prehensive vision of the possibilities of peace in the 
Middle East region following a change in Palestinian 
leadership. 
(6) A stable and peaceful Palestinian state is 
necessary to achieve the security that Israel longs for, 
and Israel should take concrete steps to support the 
emergence of a viable, credible Palestinian state. 
(7) The Palestinian state must be a reformed, 
peaceful, and democratic state that abandons forever 
the use of terror. 
(8) On April 29, 2003, the Palestinian Legisla-
tive Council confirmed in office, by a vote of 51 yeas, 
nays, 
and 
abstentions, 
the 
Palestinian 
Authority’s first prime minister, Mahmoud Abbas 
(Abu Mazen), and his cabinet. 
(9) In his remarks prior to the vote of the Pales-
tinian Legislative Council, Mr. Abbas declared: ‘‘The 
government will concentrate on the question of secu-
rity . . . The unauthorized possession of weapons, 
with its direct threat to the security of the population, 
is a major concern that will be relentlessly addressed 
. . . There will be no other decision-making authority 
except for the Palestinian Authority.’’. 
(10) In those remarks, Mr. Abbas further stated: 
‘‘We denounce terrorism by any party and in all its
282
forms both because of our religious and moral tradi-
tions and because we are convinced that such methods 
do not lend support to a just cause like ours but rath-
er destroy it.’’. 
(11) Israel has repeatedly indicated its willing-
ness to make painful concessions to achieve peace once 
there is a partner for peace on the Palestinian side.
SEC. 1703 1603. PURPOSES.
The purposes of this title are—
(1) to express the sense of Congress with respect 
to United States recognition of a Palestinian state; 
and 
(2) to demonstrate United States willingness to 
provide substantial economic and humanitarian as-
sistance, and to support large-scale multilateral as-
sistance, after the Palestinians have achieved the re-
forms outlined by President Bush and have achieved 
peace with the State of Israel.
SEC. 1704 1604. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
It is the sense of Congress that—
(1) peace between Israel and the Palestinians 
cannot be negotiated until the Palestinian system of 
government has been transformed along the lines out-
lined in President Bush’s June 24, 2002, speech;
283
(2) substantial United States and international 
economic assistance will be needed after the Palestin-
ians have achieved the reforms described in section 
620K(c)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as 
added by section 1706 of this Act) and have made a 
lasting and secure peace with Israel; 
(3) the Palestinian people merit commendation 
on the confirmation of the Palestinian Authority’s 
first prime minister, Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen), 
and his cabinet; 
(4) the new Palestinian administration urgently 
should take the necessary security-related steps to 
allow for implementation of a performance-based road 
map to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; 
(5) the United States Administration should 
work vigorously toward the goal of two states living 
side-by-side in peace within secure and internation-
ally-recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of 
force; and 
(6) the United States has a vital national secu-
rity interest in a permanent, comprehensive, and just 
resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and particu-
larly the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, based on the 
terms of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 
242 and 338.
284
SEC. 1705 1605. RECOGNITION OF A PALESTINIAN STATE.
It is the sense of Congress that a Palestinian state 
should not be recognized by the United States until the 
President determines that—
(1) a new leadership of a Palestinian governing 
entity, not compromised by terrorism, has been elected 
and taken office; and 
(2) the newly-elected Palestinian governing enti-
ty—
(A) has demonstrated a firm and tangible 
commitment to peaceful coexistence with the 
State of Israel and to ending anti-Israel incite-
ment, including the cessation of all officially 
sanctioned or funded anti-Israel incitement; 
(B) has taken appropriate measures to 
counter terrorism and terrorist financing in the 
West Bank and Gaza, including the dismantling 
of terrorist infrastructures and the confiscation 
of unlawful weaponry; 
(C) has established a new Palestinian secu-
rity entity that is fully cooperating with the ap-
propriate Israeli security organizations; 
(D) has achieved exclusive authority and re-
sponsibility for governing the national affairs of 
a Palestinian state, has taken effective steps to 
ensure democracy, the rule of law, and an inde-
285
pendent judiciary, and has adopted other re-
forms ensuring transparent and accountable gov-
ernance; and 
(E) has taken effective steps to ensure that 
its education system promotes the acceptance of 
Israel’s existence and of peace with Israel and 
actively discourages anti-Israel incitement.
SEC. 1706 1606. LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO A PALES-
TINIAN STATE.
Chapter 1 of part III of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2351 et seq.) is amended—
(1) by redesignating the second section 620G (as 
added by section 149 of Public Law 104–164 (110 
Stat. 1436)) as section 620J; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sec-
tion: 
‘‘SEC. 620K. LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO A PALES-
TINIAN STATE. 
‘‘(a) LIMITATION.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, assistance may be provided under 
this Act or any other provision of law to the govern-
ment of a Palestinian state only during a period for 
which a certification described in subsection (c) is in 
effect. The limitation contained in the preceding sen-
286
tence shall not apply (A) to humanitarian or develop-
ment assistance that is provided through nongovern-
mental organizations for the benefit of the Palestinian 
people in the West Bank and Gaza, or (B) to assist-
ance that is intended to reform the Palestinian Au-
thority and affiliated institutions, or a newly elected 
Palestinian governing entity, in order to help meet 
the requirements contained in subparagraphs (A) 
through (H) of subsection (c)(2) or to address the 
matters described in subparagraphs (A) through (E) 
of section 1705(2) of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace En-
hancement Act of 2003. 
‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The President may waive the 
limitation of the first sentence of paragraph (1) if the 
President determines and certifies to the Committee 
on International Relations of the House of Represent-
atives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate that it is vital to the national interest of the 
United States to do so. 
‘‘(b) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Assistance made available 
under this Act or any other provision of law to a Pal-
estinian state may not be provided until 15 days 
after the date on which the President has provided no-
tice thereof to the Committee on International Rela-
287
tions and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives and to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the Senate in accordance with the procedures 
applicable to reprogramming notifications under sec-
tion 634A(a) of this Act. 
‘‘(2) SUNSET.—Paragraph (1) shall cease to be 
effective beginning ten years after the date on which 
notice is first provided under such paragraph. 
‘‘(c) CERTIFICATION.—A certification described in this 
subsection is a certification transmitted by the President 
to Congress that—
‘‘(1) a binding international peace agreement ex-
ists between Israel and the Palestinians that—
‘‘(A) was freely signed by both parties; 
‘‘(B) guarantees both parties’ commitment 
to a border between two states that constitutes a 
secure and internationally recognized boundary 
for both states, with no remaining territorial 
claims; 
‘‘(C) provides a permanent resolution for 
both Palestinian refugees and Jewish refugees 
from Arab countries; and 
‘‘(D) includes a renunciation of all remain-
ing Palestinian claims against Israel through
288
provisions that commit both sides to the ‘‘end of 
the conflict’’; and 
‘‘(2) the new Palestinian government—
‘‘(A) 
has 
been 
democratically 
elected 
through free and fair elections, has exclusive au-
thority and responsibility for governing the na-
tional affairs of the Palestinian state, and has 
achieved the reforms outlined by President Bush 
in his June 24, 2002, speech; 
‘‘(B) has completely renounced the use of vi-
olence against the State of Israel and its citizens, 
is vigorously attempting to prevent any acts of 
terrorism against Israel and its citizens, and 
punishes the perpetrators of such acts in a man-
ner commensurate with their actions; 
‘‘(C) has dismantled, and terminated the 
funding of, any group within its territory that 
conducts terrorism against Israel; 
‘‘(D) is engaging in ongoing and extensive 
security cooperation with the State of Israel; 
‘‘(E) refrains from any officially sanctioned 
or funded statement or act designed to incite 
Palestinians or others against the State of Israel 
and its citizens;
289
‘‘(F) has an elected leadership not com-
promised by terror; 
‘‘(G) is demilitarized; and 
‘‘(H) has no alliances or agreements that 
pose a threat to the security of the State of 
Israel. 
‘‘(d) RECERTIFICATIONS.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date on which the President transmits to Congress 
an initial certification under subsection (c), and every 6 
months thereafter for the 10-year period beginning on the 
date of transmittal of such certification—
‘‘(1) the President shall transmit to Congress a 
recertification that the requirements contained in sub-
section (c) are continuing to be met; or 
‘‘(2) if the President is unable to make such a 
recertification, the President shall transmit to Con-
gress a report that contains the reasons therefor. 
‘‘(e) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—A certification under 
subsection (c) shall be deemed to be in effect beginning on 
the day after the last day of the 10-year period described 
in subsection (d) unless the President subsequently deter-
mines that the requirements contained in subsection (c) are 
no longer being met and the President transmits to Congress 
a report that contains the reasons therefor.’’.
290
SEC. 1707 1607. AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE TO A PAL-
ESTINIAN STATE.
Chapter 1 of part III of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2351 et seq.), as amended by section 
1706, is further amended by adding at the end the following 
new section: 
‘‘SEC. 620L. AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE TO A PALES-
TINIAN STATE. 
‘‘(a) ASSISTANCE.—The President is authorized to 
provide assistance to a Palestinian state in accordance with 
the requirements of this section. 
‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES TO BE SUPPORTED.—Assistance pro-
vided under subsection (a) shall be used to support activities 
within a Palestinian state to substantially improve the 
economy and living conditions of the Palestinians by, 
among other things, providing for economic development in 
the West Bank and Gaza, continuing to promote democracy 
and the rule of law, developing water resources, assisting 
in security cooperation between Israelis and Palestinians, 
and helping with the compensation and rehabilitation of 
Palestinian refugees. 
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Of the 
amounts made available to carry out chapter 4 of part II 
of this Act for a fiscal year, there are authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out subsections (a) and 
(b) such sums as may be necessary for each such fiscal year.
292
Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the Senate a report that describes the activi-
ties undertaken to meet the requirements of para-
graph (1), including a description of amounts com-
mitted, and the amounts provided, to a Palestinian 
state or Palestinians during the reporting period by 
each country and organization.’’.
TITLE 
XVIII
XVII—MISCELLA-
NEOUS FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 
PROVISIONS
SEC. 1801 1701. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES RELATING TO 
INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL AS-
SISTANCE.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, assistance 
provided by the United States Government to support inter-
national efforts to combat aerial trafficking of illicit nar-
cotics under chapter 8 of part I of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 or under any other provision of law shall in-
clude the authority to interdict illicit arms in connection 
with the trafficking of illicit narcotics.
293
SEC. 1802 1702. UNITED STATES OPIUM ERADICATION PRO-
GRAM IN COLOMBIA.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State, acting through the De-
partment of State’s Narcotics Affairs Section (NAS) in Bo-
gota, Colombia, shall ensure that all pilots participating 
in the United States opium eradication program in Colom-
bia are Colombians and are fully trained, qualified, and 
experienced pilots, with preference provided to individuals 
who are members of the Colombian National Police.
SEC. 1803 1703. COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
Of the amounts made available for development assist-
ance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, not less than 
$2,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2004 and 2005 are 
authorized to be made available to finance projects among 
the United States, Israel, and developing countries in Afri-
ca under the Cooperative Development Program.
SEC. 1804 1704. WEST BANK AND GAZA PROGRAM.
(a) OVERSIGHT.—For fiscal year 2004, the Secretary 
of State shall certify to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress not later than 30 days prior to the initial obligation 
of funds for the West Bank and Gaza that procedures have 
been established to assure the Comptroller General will have 
access to appropriate United States financial information 
in order to review the use of United States assistance for 
the West Bank and Gaza funded under chapter 4 of part
294
II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (‘‘Economic Sup-
port Fund’’). 
(b) VETTING.—Prior to any obligation of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated to carry out chapter 4 of part 
II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 for assistance for 
the West Bank and Gaza, the Secretary of State shall take 
all appropriate steps to ensure that such assistance is not 
provided to or through any individual or entity that the 
Secretary knows, or has reason to believe, advocates, plans, 
sponsors, engages in, or has engaged in, terrorist activity. 
The Secretary of State shall, as appropriate, establish pro-
cedures specifying the steps to be taken in carrying out this 
subsection. 
(c) AUDITS.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development 
shall ensure that independent audits of all contractors 
and grantees, and significant subcontractors and sub-
grantees, under the West Bank and Gaza Program, 
are conducted at least on an annual basis to ensure, 
among other things, compliance with this section. 
(2) 
AUDITS
BY
INSPECTOR
GENERAL
OF 
USAID.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
by this Act to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 that are made avail-
295
able for assistance for the West Bank and Gaza, up 
to $1,000,000 may be used by the Office of the Inspec-
tor General of the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development for audits, inspections, and 
other activities in furtherance of the requirements of 
paragraph (1). Such funds are in addition to funds 
otherwise available for such purposes.
SEC. 1805 1705. ANNUAL HUMAN RIGHTS COUNTRY RE-
PORTS ON INCITEMENT TO ACTS OF DIS-
CRIMINATION.
(a) COUNTRIES RECEIVING ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE.—
Section 116(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2151n(d)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (9), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(11)(A) wherever applicable, in a separate sec-
tion with a separate heading, a description of the na-
ture and extent of—
‘‘(i) propaganda in government and govern-
ment-controlled media and other sources, includ-
ing government-produced educational materials 
and textbooks, that attempt to justify or promote
296
racial hatred or incite acts of violence against 
any race or people; and 
‘‘(ii) complicity or involvement in the cre-
ation of such propaganda or incitement of acts 
of violence against any race; and 
‘‘(B) a description of the actions, if any, taken 
by the government of the country to eliminate such 
propaganda or incitement.’’. 
(b) COUNTRIES RECEIVING SECURITY ASSISTANCE.—
Section 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2304(b)) is amended by inserting after the eighth 
sentence the following: ‘‘Each report under this section shall 
also include wherever applicable, in a separate section with 
a separate heading, a description of (i) the nature and ex-
tent of (I) propaganda in government and government-con-
trolled media and other sources, including government-pro-
duced educational materials and textbooks, that attempt to 
justify or promote racial hatred or incite acts of violence 
against any race, and (II) complicity or involvement in 
the creation of such propaganda or incitement of acts of 
violence against any race or people, and (ii) a description 
of the actions, if any, taken by the government of the coun-
try to eliminate such propaganda or incitement.’’.
297
SEC. 1806 1706. ASSISTANCE TO EAST TIMOR.
Section 632(b)(1) of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107–228) is amend-
ed by striking ‘‘the fiscal year 2003’’ and inserting ‘‘each 
of the fiscal years 2003, 2004, and 2005’’.
SEC. 1807 1707. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY-BUILDING EF-
FORTS FOR CUBA.
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States to support those individuals and groups who 
struggle for freedom and democracy in Cuba, including 
human rights dissidents, independent journalists, inde-
pendent labor leaders, and other opposition groups. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out section 
109(a) of Public Law 104–114 (22 U.S.C. 6039(a)) 
$15,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2004 and 
2005. 
(2) ADDITIONAL
AUTHORITIES.—Amounts ap-
propriated pursuant to the authorization of appro-
priations under subsection (a)—
(A) are authorized to remain available until 
expended; and 
(B) are in addition to amounts otherwise 
available for such purposes.
298
SEC. 1808 1708. AMENDMENT TO THE AFGHANISTAN FREE-
DOM SUPPORT ACT OF 2002.
The Afghanistan Freedom Support Act of 2002 (22 
U.S.C. 7501 et seq.) is amended—
(1) in section 103(a) by striking ‘‘section 512 of 
Public Law 107–115 or any similar’’ and inserting 
‘‘any other’’; and 
(1) in section 207(b) by striking ‘‘section 512 of 
Public Law 107–115 or any similar’’ and inserting 
‘‘any other’’.
SEC. 1809 1709. CONGO BASIN FOREST PARTNERSHIP.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out 
the Congo Basin Forest Partnership (CBFP) program 
$18,600,000 for each of the fiscal years 2004 and 2005. Of 
the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
appropriations under the preceding sentence for a fiscal 
year, $16,000,000 is authorized to be made available to the 
Central Africa Regional Program for the Environment 
(CARPE) of the United States Agency for International De-
velopment. 
(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts appropriated pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations under subsection (a) 
are authorized to remain available until expended.
299
SEC. 1810
1710. COMBATTING THE PIRACY OF UNITED 
STATES COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addi-
tion to such amounts as may otherwise be authorized to 
be appropriated for such purpose, there are authorized to 
be appropriated for the Department of State, $10,000,000 
to carry out the following activities in countries that are 
not members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation 
and Development (OECD): 
(1) Provision of equipment and training for for-
eign law enforcement, including in the interpretation 
of intellectual property laws. 
(2) Training for judges and prosecutors, includ-
ing in the interpretation of intellectual property laws. 
(3) Assistance in complying with obligations 
under appropriate international copyright and intel-
lectual property treaties and agreements.
(b) CONSULTATION
WITH
WORLD
INTELLECTUAL 
PROPERTY ORGANIZATION.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Department of State should make every effort to 
consult with, and provide appropriate assistance to, the 
World Intellectual Property Organization to promote the 
integration of non-OECD countries into the global intellec-
tual property system.
300
SEC. 1811
1711. ASSISTANCE FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT 
FORCES IN CERTAIN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
Notwithstanding section 660 of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2420), the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development is au-
thorized to provide assistance for fiscal years 2004 and 
2005 to—
(1) law enforcement agencies of the Government 
of India for the purposes of enhancing their capacity 
for medical-first-response and search-and-rescue oper-
ations after a natural disaster, improving the access 
of women to justice, and combating the trafficking of 
persons; and 
(2) the new police force of Northern Ireland for 
the purpose of providing computer-based, human-
rights and other professional training, and the law 
enforcement agencies of the Republic of Ireland (ROI) 
for the purposes of fostering greater cooperation and 
communication between the police force of the Repub-
lic of Ireland and the new police force of Northern 
Ireland, as recommended by the Patten Commission.
SEC. 1812 1712. HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY FUND.
Section 664(c)(1) of the Freedom Investment Act of 
2002 (subtitle E of title VI of division A of Public Law 
107–228; 22 U.S.C. 2151n–2(c)(1)) is amended—
301
(1) by striking ‘‘for fiscal year 2003’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘for each of the fiscal years 2003 through 2005’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘$21,500,000 is’’ and inserting 
‘‘$21,500,000 for fiscal year 2003, $24,000,000 for fis-
cal year 2004, and such sums as may be necessary for 
fiscal year 2005 are’’.
SEC. 1813 1713. ENHANCED POLICE TRAINING.
Section 660(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2420(b)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(8) with respect to assistance provided to en-
hance the effectiveness and accountability of civilian 
police authority through training and technical as-
sistance in internationally recognized human rights, 
the rule of law, strategic planning, and counter-nar-
cotics, and through the promotion of civilian police 
roles that support democratic governance, including 
programs to combat corruption and the trafficking of 
persons, particularly by organized crime, prevent con-
flict, and foster improved police relations with the 
communities in which they serve.’’.
302
SEC. 1814 1714. PROMOTING A SECURE AND DEMOCRATIC 
AFGHANISTAN.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds that—
(1) the United States has a vital interest in pro-
moting Afghanistan’s transition from chaos, civil 
war, and disorder to an increasingly prosperous 
democratic state, safe and secure with its neighbors, 
respecting human rights, particularly the rights of 
women and girls, dedicated to the liberty, literacy, 
and enrichment of its citizens, and serving as a model 
for other countries; 
(2) basic security in the major cities and along 
key transportation routes is critical to the reconstruc-
tion and development of Afghanistan, including fos-
tering implementation of the Bonn Agreement, achiev-
ing progress towards a democratic and tolerant gov-
ernment, and encouraging international private in-
vestment; 
(3) Afghanistan and its people remain under se-
rious threat from terrorism, insurgency, widespread 
crime, banditry, intimidation, rape, and suppression 
of minorities and women, and other grave violations 
of human rights continue to occur, especially in areas 
that do not have a routine presence of international 
security personnel;
303
(4) lethal clashes continue between the private 
armies of warlords, attacks against Afghan civilians 
and officials and United States and international or-
ganization personnel are on the rise, and threats 
against civilians and whole villages not to cooperate 
with Americans or the central government are now 
routine; 
(5) the growth, production, and trafficking of Af-
ghan opium and its derivatives pose a serious threat 
to international peace and security and efforts toward 
reconstruction in Afghanistan; 
(6) recruitment and training of the Afghan Na-
tional Army and the Afghan National Police are seri-
ously behind schedule and will not be at full strength 
for several years, leaving the central government and 
Afghan citizens vulnerable to the depredations of ter-
rorists, insurgents, and the private armies of war-
lords; 
(7) although the 4,500 soldiers of the Inter-
national Security Assistance Force (ISAF) have pro-
vided much-needed security for the citizens of Kabul, 
it is not within their mandate or power to promote 
security to other areas, and human rights abuses are 
continuing in areas in and around Kabul where 
ISAF is not present;
304
(8) vastly disproportionate numbers of refugees 
returning from neighboring countries have gone to 
Kabul because of the security provided by ISAF and 
the insecurity of their home areas, overwhelming 
Kabul and far exceeding its capacity for shelter, food, 
and employment; 
(9) NATO has recently decided to take over re-
sponsibility for a limited ISAF, a welcome develop-
ment that will not, unfortunately, provide any addi-
tional security in Kabul or elsewhere; 
(10) the United States has stated on numerous 
occasions that it does not oppose the expansion of 
ISAF, but that heretofore other countries have not ex-
pressed a willingness to participate in an expanded 
force; 
(11) the United States has not itself dem-
onstrated a commitment to expansion of ISAF or a 
similar international security or peacekeeping force, a 
commitment to leadership that other nations may 
more likely follow; 
(12) the Secretary of Defense has announced that 
the combat phase of the war in Afghanistan has 
ended, and that the United States will be focusing its 
efforts on a reconstruction phase utilizing lightly-
armed, 
platoon-sized 
Provincial 
Reconstruction
305
Teams to provide security for reconstruction efforts, 
rather than an expanded international peacekeeping 
or patrolling security force; 
(13) the Provincial Reconstruction Teams may 
prove inadequate to provide a significant level of se-
curity to their regions, and are not tasked to secure 
the major transportation routes which are critical to 
the economic revival of Afghanistan; 
(14) United States and foreign nongovernmental 
aid workers and Afghan civilian aid workers are at 
great risk of being robbed, beaten, and killed in areas 
of Afghanistan that are not being patrolled by United 
States forces or Afghan central government forces; 
(15) such acts of theft, intimidation, and murder 
against foreign aid and Afghan civilian workers are 
occurring with increasing frequency, and are often de-
liberately committed by Taliban and other insurgent 
and rebel forces with the intention of creating suffi-
cient terror to undermine and arrest any efforts to re-
build Afghanistan into a peaceful, democratic, and 
prosperous nation that prohibits terrorism and tyr-
anny; 
(16) the report of the Inspector General of the 
United States Agency for International Development 
(USAID) confirms that USAID workers are virtual
306
captives in their compounds, able to venture out into 
the countryside for brief periods and only under 
heavy armed escort, conditions which are counter-
productive to their mission of assisting the people of 
Afghanistan; 
(17) the Taliban and al-Qaeda may believe they 
only have to create enough terror and uncertainty in 
the country to undermine the creation of strong rep-
resentative institutions, and wait until the United 
States leaves to again create chaos, exploit tribal ri-
valries, and plunge Afghanistan back into chaos; 
(18) failure to secure a peaceful and democratic 
Afghanistan will diminish the credibility of efforts by 
the United States and the international community 
to promote peace and democracy elsewhere in the 
Muslim world; and 
(19) unless general security can be provided in 
the major population areas, strategic highways, and 
border crossings and chokepoints, the goals for which 
the war in Afghanistan was fought may be lost and 
the efforts and lives spent in the attempt to liberate 
and rebuild Afghanistan may be wasted. 
(b) SECURITY POLICY.—
(1) SECURITY ALONG HIGHWAYS.—The President 
shall take immediate steps to ensure that there is ade-
307
quate security along the length of highways con-
necting major Afghan urban centers in order to ter-
minate and deter acts of banditry, illegal checkpoints, 
human rights abuses, terrorism, and intimidation 
against Afghan and foreign civilians and military 
personnel. 
(2) DISARMAMENT, ETC. OF AFGHAN MILITIAS.—
The President shall take immediate steps to support 
directly the disarmament, demobilization, and re-
integration of Afghan militias and irregulars that are 
not formally part of the Afghan National Army or 
under the direct control of the central government in 
Afghanistan. 
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Con-
gress that the President should take steps to implement sec-
tion 206(d) of the Afghanistan Freedom Support Act of 
2002 (Public Law 107–327) to expand significantly the 
International Security Assistance Force, or take such other 
steps as may be necessary, such as increasing the number 
and force levels of United States Provincial Reconstruction 
Teams, so as to—
(1) increase the area in which security is pro-
vided and undertake vital tasks related to promoting 
security, such as disarming warlords militias and 
irregulars;
308
(2) deter criminal activity, including rape, rob-
bery, and intimidation of civilians; and 
(3) safeguard highways in order to allow govern-
mental and nongovernmental assistance and recon-
struction personnel to move more freely in the coun-
tryside to provide humanitarian relief and rebuild 
Afghanistan.
SEC. 1815 1715. GRANTS TO THE AFRICA SOCIETY.
(a) GRANTS TO THE AFRICA SOCIETY.—For any fiscal 
year, the Secretary of State is authorized to make grants 
to the Africa Society to carry out programs and activities 
that advance United States interests and values in Africa 
through public and private partnerships that facilitate the 
continent’s political transition to more open democratic so-
cieties, support equitable economic growth through trade 
and investment, support efforts to promote transparency 
and openness through the public and private sectors, en-
courage civil society growth and development, and promote 
awareness of all Americans about Africa, consistent with 
a grant agreement under such terms as the Secretary of 
State considers necessary and appropriate. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$1,000,000 for the fiscal year 2004 and such sums as may 
be necessary for the fiscal year 2005.