cians and industrial hygienists), ecological ef-
fects, welfare effects, law, engineering, econom-
ics, risk communications, and such other spe-
cialties related to risk management and risk as-
sessment as the Administrator considers appro-
priate.
(C) CONSIDERATIONS
OF
THE
ADMINIS-
TRATOR.—In making the appointments, the Ad-
ministrator shall appoint members so as to rep-
resent a balanced spectrum of expertise and
ability. The Administrator shall take such ac-
tion as is necessary to ensure that—
(i) the appointments are made only on
the basis of the criteria referred to in the
previous sentence, and not on other cri-
teria, such as political affiliation; and
(ii) each member appointed to the
Committee has no real or apparent conflict
of interest with respect to serving on the
Committee.
(D) LIST.—The Administrator shall pub-
lish a list of the individuals who supply nomina-
tions pursuant to this paragraph and their re-
spective nominees.
(4) TERMS.—
(A) INITIAL
TERMS.—Members initially
appointed to the Committee shall serve for the
following terms:
(i) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 2 years.
(ii) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 4 years.
(iii) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 6 years.
(B) SUBSEQUENT TERMS.—Upon comple-
tion of a term referred to under subparagraph
(A), each member of the Committee subse-
quently appointed or reappointed shall serve for
a term of 6 years. A vacancy on the Committee
shall be filled in the same manner as the ap-
pointment was made.
(5) CHAIRPERSON.—Members of the Committee
shall elect a Chairperson from among the members.
The Chairperson shall serve for a term of 2 years.
(6) CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES.—The Commit-
tee shall establish appropriate criteria and guidelines
to carry out the duties of the Committee under para-
graph (7).
(7) DUTIES.—The Committee shall—
(A) identify and rank the greatest risks to
human health, welfare, and ecological resources,
taking into account and incorporate the overall
likelihood, 
seriousness, 
magnitude, 
and
irreversibility of each of the risks;
(B) identify a common list of the greatest
risks to human health, welfare, and ecological
resources; and
(C) assess the state of pertinent scientific
understanding and other factors contributing to
uncertainty in the ranking of relative risk.
(8) IDENTIFICATION.—The Committee shall
identify risks in such manner as to also identify—
(A) the need for new laws or amendments
to current laws; and
(B) priorities under existing laws.
(9) PUBLIC MEETINGS.—The Committee shall
hold open public meetings to solicit input from the
general public and such other sources as the Com-
mittee determines to be appropriate.
(10) REPORTS.—
(A) REPORTS TO THE ADMINISTRATOR.—
In accordance with this subsection, the Chair-
person of the Committee shall report to the Ad-
ministrator the findings of the Committee based
on the duties identified in paragraph (7).
(B) 
FREQUENCY
OF
REPORTS.—The
Chairperson of the Committee shall report the
findings of the Committee to the Administrator
on or before August 1, 1995, and not less fre-
quently than every 2 years thereafter. Upon re-
ceipt of the report, the Administrator shall pub-
lish a report in the Federal Register for public
notice and comment and shall forward a copy of
the report to the Science Advisory Board.
(C) REVIEW BY THE SCIENCE ADVISORY
BOARD.—The Science Advisory Board shall re-
view each report submitted to the Administrator
pursuant to subparagraph (A) of this sub-
section by not later than 3 months after the
date of issuance of the report, and report the
findings of each Review to the Committee and
to the Administrator.
(D) PUBLIC REVIEW AND COMMENT.—The
Administrator shall allow at least 90 days for
public comment on any report and shall, within
3 months of the issuance of a report, submit all
comments received to the Committee.
(E) REVIEW BY COMMITTEE.—The Com-
mittee shall review the findings of the Science
Advisory Board, and the public comments and
shall by not later than 3 months after the date
of receipt of the findings and comments, revise
the content of the report to take into consider-
ation the findings of the Science Advisory
Board and the public comments, and submit
the revised report to the Administrator.
(F) REVISED REPORT.—The Administrator
shall make available copies of the revised report
to the individuals and entities referred to in
subsection (e).
(c) COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall es-
tablish a Committee on Environmental Benefits
(hereafter in this subsection referred to as the
‘‘Committee’’) to provide expert advice on estimating
quantitative benefits of reducing risks and the quan-
titative costs of existing or proposed laws or regula-
tions. The Committee shall be independent from the
Science Advisory Board.
(2) MEMBERS.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator
shall appoint 15 members to the Committee. In
making appointments to the Committee, the
Administrator shall request nominations from
the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists and such other groups and individ-
uals as the Administrator determines to be ap-
propriate.
(B) 
REPRESENTATION.—The 
Adminis-
trator shall appoint a representative group of
individuals on the basis of their recognized ex-
pertise and ability in areas including economics,
engineering, public administration, health care,
risk communication, and such other specialties
related to risk management and risk assessment
as the Administrator considers to be appro-
priate.
(C) CONSIDERATIONS
OF
THE
ADMINIS-
TRATOR.—In making the appointments, the Ad-
ministrator shall appoint members in such fash-
ion as to represent a balanced spectrum of ex-
pertise and ability. The Administrator shall
take such action as is necessary to ensure
that—
(i) the appointments are made only on
the basis of the criteria referred to in the
previous sentence, and not on other cri-
teria, such as political affiliation; and
(ii) each member appointed to the
Committee has no real or apparent conflict
of interest with respect to serving on the
Committee.
(D) LIST.—The Administrator shall pub-
lish a list of the individuals who supply nomina-
tions pursuant to this paragraph.
(3) TERMS.—
(A) INITIAL
TERMS.—Members initially
appointed to the Committee shall serve for the
following terms:
(i) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 2 years.
(ii) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 4 years.
(iii) Five members shall serve for an
initial term of 6 years.
(B) SUBSEQUENT TERMS.—Upon comple-
tion of a term referred to under subparagraph
(A), each member of the Committee subse-
quently appointed or reappointed shall serve for
a term of 6 years. A vacancy on the Committee
shall be filled in the same manner as the ap-
pointment was made.
(4) CHAIRPERSON.—Members of the Committee
shall elect a chairperson from among the members.
The Chairperson shall serve for a term of 2 years.
(5) CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES.—The Commit-
tee shall establish appropriate criteria and guidelines
to carry out the duties of the Committee under para-
graph (6).
(6) DUTIES OF THE COMMITTEE.—The Com-
mittee shall estimate, to the extent practicable, the
monetary value, and such other values as the Com-
mittee determines to be appropriate, of—
(A) avoiding premature mortality;
(B) avoiding cancer, other diseases, birth
defects, and other health effects that reduce the
quality of life;
(C) preserving biological diversity and the
sustainability of ecological resources;
(D) an aesthetic environment;
(E) services performed by ecosystems
(such as flood mitigation, provision of food or
materials, or regulating the chemistry of the air
or water) that, if lost or degraded, would have
to be replaced by technology; and
(F) avoiding other risks identified by the
Committee.
(7) PUBLIC MEETINGS.—The Committee shall
hold open public meetings to solicit input from the
general public and such other sources as the Com-
mittee determines to be appropriate.
(8) REPORTS.—
(A) REPORTS TO THE ADMINISTRATOR.—
In accordance with this subsection, the Chair-
person of the Committee shall report to the Ad-
ministrator the findings of the Committee based
on the duties of the committee identified in
paragraph (6).
(B) 
FREQUENCY
OF
REPORTS.—The
Chairperson of the Committee shall report the
findings of the Committee to the Administrator
on or before August 1, 1995, and not less fre-
quently than every 2 years thereafter. Upon re-
ceipt of the report, the Administrator shall pub-
lish a report in the Federal Register for public
notice and comment and shall forward a copy of
the report to the Science Advisory Board.
(C) 
REVIEW
BY
SCIENCE
ADVISORY
BOARD.—The Science Advisory Board shall re-
view each report submitted to the Administrator
and to Congress pursuant to paragraph (8) by
not later than 3 months after the date of issu-
ance of the report, and report the findings of
each review to the Committee and to the Ad-
ministrator.
(D) PUBLIC REVIEW AND COMMENT.—The
Administrator shall allow at least 90 days for
public comment on any report and shall, within
3 months of the issuance of a report, submit all
comments received to the Committee.
(E) REVIEW BY COMMITTEE.—The Com-
mittee shall review the findings of the Science
Advisory Board and the public comments, and
shall by not later than 3 months after the date
of receipt of the findings and comments, revise
the content of the report to take into consider-
ation the findings of the Science Advisory
Board and public comments, and submit the re-
vised report to the Administrator.
(F) REVISED REPORT.—The Administrator
shall make available copies of the revised report
to the individuals and entities referred to in
subsection (e).
(d) COMMITTEE ON COMMUNICATING RISK.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall es-
tablish a Committee on Communicating Risk (here-
after in this subsection referred to as the ‘‘Commit-
tee’’). The Committee shall be independent from the
Science Advisory Board.
(2) PURPOSE.—The Committee shall provide
expert advice on communicating to the public infor-
mation on risks in a manner that provides the public
accurate and understandable information about
those risks.
(3) MEMBERS.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator
shall appoint 15 members to the Committee. In
making appointments to the Committee, the
Administrator shall request nominations from
the heads of the National Academy of Sciences,
the National Academy of Engineering, the As-
sistant to the President for Science and Tech-
nology, the Society for Risk Analysis, and such
other individuals as the Administrator deter-
mines to be appropriate.
(B) 
REPRESENTATION.—The 
Adminis-
trator shall appoint a representative group of
individuals on the basis of their recognized ex-
pertise and ability in communicating health and