IV 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 115 
Establishing a Women’s Bill of Rights to reaffirm legal protections afforded 
to women under Federal law. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 9, 2023 
Mrs. LESKO (for herself, Mrs. HARSHBARGER, Mrs. MILLER of Illinois, Mr. 
HERN, Ms. TENNEY, Mr. ADERHOLT, Mr. BIGGS, Mr. CLYDE, Mr. 
WEBER of Texas, Mr. GUEST, Mr. SANTOS, Mr. OGLES, Ms. FOXX, Mr. 
NORMAN, Mr. OWENS, Mr. JACKSON of Texas, Ms. HAGEMAN, and Mr. 
DUNCAN) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
Committee on the Judiciary 
RESOLUTION 
Establishing a Women’s Bill of Rights to reaffirm legal 
protections afforded to women under Federal law. 
Whereas males and females possess unique and immutable bi-
ological differences that manifest prior to birth and in-
crease as they age and experience puberty; 
Whereas biological differences between the sexes mean that 
only females may get pregnant, give birth, and breastfeed 
children; 
Whereas biological differences between the sexes mean that 
males are, on average, larger in size and possess greater 
body strength than females; 
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•HRES 115 IH 
Whereas biological differences between the sexes can expose 
females to more harm than males from specific forms of 
violence, including sexual violence; 
Whereas women have achieved inspirational and significant 
accomplishments in education, athletics, and employment; 
and 
Whereas recent misguided court rulings related to the defini-
tion of ‘‘sex’’ have led to endangerment of spaces and re-
sources dedicated to women, thereby necessitating clari-
fication of certain terms: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives reaf-
firms that— 
(1) for purposes of Federal law, a person’s 
‘‘sex’’ means his or her biological sex (either male or 
female) at birth; 
(2) for purposes of Federal law addressing sex, 
the terms ‘‘woman’’ and ‘‘girl’’ refer to human fe-
males, and the terms ‘‘man’’ and ‘‘boy’’ refer to 
human males; 
(3) for purposes of Federal law, the word 
‘‘mother’’ means a parent of the female sex and ‘‘fa-
ther’’ is defined as a parent of the male sex; 
(4) there are important reasons to distinguish 
between the sexes with respect to athletics, prisons, 
domestic violence shelters, restrooms, and other 
areas, particularly where biology, safety, and privacy 
are implicated; 
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•HRES 115 IH 
(5) policies and laws that distinguish between 
the sexes are subject to intermediate constitutional 
scrutiny and permitted when they serve an impor-
tant governmental objective and are substantially re-
lated to achieving that objective; and 
(6) for purposes of complying with Federal laws 
that require State and local government agencies to 
collect or report data disaggregated by sex, such as 
Federal antidiscrimination laws, agencies are re-
quired to base such data on the biological sex of in-
dividuals at birth. 
Æ 
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