entation, disability, and other factors that result in
violent crimes against women.
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATION.—There
shall be appropriated $500,000 for each of fiscal years
1999, 2000, and 2001 to fulfill the purposes of this sec-
tion.
SEC. 1703. PREVENTION, DETECTION, AND INVESITIGATION
RESEARCH GRANTS.
(a) PURPOSES.—The Department of Justice shall
make grants to entities, including domestic violence and
sexual assault organizations, research organizations, and
academic institutions, to support research to further the
understanding of the causes of violent behavior against
women and to evaluate prevention, detection, and inves-
tigation programs.
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—The research conducted under
this section shall include, but not be limited to the follow-
ing areas and others that may be identified by the Task
Force established under section 1702 of this title—
(1) longitudinal research to study the develop-
mental trajectory of violent behavior against women
and the way such violence differs from other violent
behaviors;
(2) examination of risk factors for sexual and
intimate partner violence for victims and perpetra-
100
tors, such as poverty, childhood victimization and
other traumas;
(3) examination of short- and long-term efforts
of programs designed to prevent sexual and intimate
partner violence;
(4) outcome evaluations of interventions tar-
geted at children and teenagers;
(5) examination of and documentation of the
processes and informal strategies women experience
in attempting to manage and end the violence in
their lives; and
(6) development and testing of effective meth-
ods of screening and providing services at all points
of entry to the health care system, including mental
health, emergency medicine, and primary care.
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
are authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 for each of
the fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001 to carry out this
section.
SEC. 1704. ADDRESSING GAPS IN RESEARCH.
(a) PURPOSES.—The Department of Justice shall
make grants to domestic violence and sexual assault orga-
nizations, research organizations and academic institu-
tions for the purpose of expanding knowledge about vio-
lence against women, with a particular emphasis on ex-
101
ploring such issues as they affect underserved commu-
nities.
(b) USES OF FUNDS.—Funds appropriated under
this section shall be used to examine, but not be limited
to, the following areas—
(1) development of national- and community-
level survey studies to measure the incidence and
prevalence of violence against women in underserved
populations and the definitions women use to de-
scribe their experience of violence;
(2) qualitative and quantitative research to un-
derstand how factors such as race, ethnicity, socio-
economic status, age, language, disability, and sex-
ual orientation that result in violent crimes against
women;
(3) study of the availability and accessibility of
State and local legal remedies to victims of intimate
partner violence within the context of a same sex in-
timate relationship;
(4) the use of nonjudicial alternative dispute
resolution (such as mediation, negotiation, concilia-
tion, and restorative justice models) in cases where
domestic violence is a factor, comparing nonjudicial
alternative dispute resolution and traditional judicial
methods based upon the quality of representation of
102
the 
victim, 
training 
of 
mediators 
or 
other
facilitators, satisfaction of the parties, and outcome
of the proceedings, as well as other factors that may
be identified; and
(5) other such research as may be determined
by the Task Force established under section 1702 in
consultation with domestic violence and sexual as-
sault advocates, coalitions, national experts, and re-
searchers.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is
authorized to be appropriated $4,500,000 for each of fis-
cal years 1999, 2000, and 2001 to carry out this section.
SEC. 1705. STUDY.
The United States Sentencing Commission shall
study the following and report to the Congress—
(1) sentences given to persons incarcerated in
Federal and State prison for assault or homicide
crimes in which the relationship to the victim was a
spouse, former spouse, or intimate partner;
(2) the effect of illicit drugs and alcohol on do-
mestic violence and the sentences imposed for of-
fenses involving such illicit drugs and alcohol where
domestic violence occurred;
103
(3) the extent to which acts of domestic violence
committed against the defendant, including coercion,
may play a role in the commission of an offense;
(4) analysis delineated by race, gender, type of
offense, and any other categories that would be use-
ful for understanding the problem; and
(5) recommendations with respect to the of-
fenses described in this section particularly any basis
for a downward adjustment in any applicable guide-
lines determination.
SEC. 1706. STATUS REPORT ON LAWS REGARDING RAPE
AND SEXUAL ASSAULT OFFENSES.
(a) STUDY.—The Attorney General, in consultation
with national, State, and local domestic violence and sex-
ual assault coalitions and programs, including, nationally
recognized experts on sexual assault, such as from the ju-
diciary, the legal profession, psychological associations,
and sex offender treatment providers, shall conduct a na-
tional study to examine the status of the law with respect
to rape and sexual assault offenses and the effectiveness
of the implementation of laws in addressing such crimes
and protecting their victims. The Attorney General may
utilize the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Insti-
tute of Justice, and the Office for Victims of Crime in
carrying out this section.
104
(b) REPORT.—Based on the study required under
subsection (a), the Attorney General shall prepare a re-
port, including an analysis of the uniformity of the rape
and sexual assault laws including sex offenses committed
against children and sex offenses involving penetration of
any kind among the States and their effectiveness in pros-
ecuting crimes of rape and sexual assault offenses as fol-
lows:
(1) Definitions of rape and sexual assault, in-
cluding any marital rape exception and any other ex-
ception or downgrading of offense.
(2) Element of consent and coercive conduct,
including deceit.
(3) Element of physical resistance and affirma-
tive nonconsent as a precondition for conviction.
(4) Element of force, including penetration re-
quirement as aggravating factor and use of coercion.
(5) Evidentiary matters—
(A) inferences—timeliness of complaint
under the Model Penal Code;
(B) post traumatic stress disorder (includ-
ing rape trauma syndrome) relevancy of scope
and admissibility;
(C) rape shield laws—in camera evi-
dentiary determinations;
106
cent liberties, beastiality, forcible sodomy, sexual penetra-
tion with an animate or inanimate object, forced sexual
intercourse (labia majora penetration or anus penetra-
tion), cunnilingus, fellatio, anallingus, anal intercourse,
sexual battery, aggravated sexual battery, and sexual
abuse, accomplished by use of force, threats, or intimida-
tion.
(d) REPORT.—The Attorney General shall ensure
that no later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
this Act, the study required under subsection (a) is com-
pleted and a report describing the findings made is sub-
mitted to Congress.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATION.—It is au-
thorized that $200,000 be appropriated to carry out the
study required by this section.
SEC. 1707. RESEARCH CENTERS.
The Attorney General shall establish 3 research cen-
ters to support the development of research and training
program to focus on violence against women, to provide
mechanisms for collaboration between researchers and
practitioners, and to provide technical assistance for inte-
grating research into service provision. Each Center shall
be organized around a research area such as epidemiology
and measurement of violence against women, causes and
risk factors, and prevention and intervention evaluation
107
research. At least one of the centers shall be established
at an entity other than an academic institution. There are
authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 for each of the
fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001 to carry out this sec-
tion.
TITLE XVIII—PUBLIC ACCESS TO
FBI DATABASE ON SEXUAL
OFFENDERS
SEC. 1801. ESTABLISHMENT OF TELEPHONE ACCESS FOR
THE PUBLIC TO FBI DATABASE ON SEXUAL
OFFENDERS.
Subtitle A of title XVII of the Violent Crime Control
and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14071 et
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new
section:
‘‘SEC. 170103. TELEPHONE ACCESS FOR THE PUBLIC TO FBI
DATABASE.
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—(1) The Attorney General
shall establish, publicize, and operate a national telephone
service by which a person (as defined in subsection (f)(2))
may request the information described in paragraph (2).
‘‘(2) The information described in this paragraph is
whether an individual (as defined in subsection (f)(3)),
other than a victim of an offense that requires registration
108
under this subtitle, is listed in the database established
under section 170102.
‘‘(b) PREREQUISITE
FOR
ACCESS
TO
INFORMA-
TION.—The Attorney General shall not disclose the infor-
mation described in subsection (a)(2) unless the person
seeking such information provides his or her full name,
the full name of the individual, and one or more of the
following:
‘‘(1) The address of the individual’s residence.
‘‘(2) The individual’s Social Security number.
‘‘(3) The individual’s driver’s license number or
the number the identification card issued by State or
local authorities in lieu of a driver’s license.
‘‘(4) The individual’s date of birth.
‘‘(5) Such other information as the Attorney
General determines to be appropriate for purposes of
identification of the individual.
‘‘(c) NOTICE TO CALLER.—Prior to disclosing infor-
mation described in subsection (a)(2), and without charg-
ing a fee for the same, the Attorney General shall provide
the following general information in the form of a recorded
message:
‘‘(1) The requirements described in sub-
section (b).
109
‘‘(2) The fee for the use of the telephone
service.
‘‘(3) A warning that information received pur-
suant to such request may not be misused, as de-
scribed in subsection (e), and notice of the penalties
for such misuse of the information.
‘‘(4) A warning that the service is not be avail-
able to persons under 18 years of age.
‘‘(5) Such other information as the Attorney
General determines to be appropriate.
‘‘(d) FEES FOR USE OF SERVICE.—
‘‘(1) FEE
FOR
ACCESS
TO
INFORMATION
IN
DATABASE.—The Attorney General shall charge a
fee for each use of the service for information de-
scribed in subsection (a) from the service.
‘‘(2) LIMITATION ON NUMBER OF REQUESTS.—
A person may not make more than two requests for
such information per use of the service.
‘‘(3) USE OF FEES TO DEFRAY EXPENSES OF
SERVICE.—To the extent provided in advance in ap-
propriations Acts, moneys received under paragraph
(1) shall be used to pay for the expenses of the oper-
ation of the service.
‘‘(e) PENALTIES FOR MISUSE OF INFORMATION.—
110
‘‘(1) PROHIBITIONS.—Whoever, having obtained
information described in subsection (a)(2) from the
service, knowingly uses such information—
‘‘(A) for any purpose other than to protect
a minor at risk; or
‘‘(B) with respect to insurance, housing, or
any other use that the Attorney General may
determine—
‘‘(i) is unnecessary for the protection
of a minor at risk or;
‘‘(ii) which creates a disproportionate
prejudicial effect,
shall be punished as provided in paragraph (2).
‘‘(2) CIVIL PENALTY.—Each person who vio-
lates the provisions of paragraph (1) shall be subject
to a civil penalty imposed by the Attorney General
of not more than $1,000 for each violation.
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:
‘‘(1) MINOR AT RISK.—The term ‘minor at risk’
means a minor, as that term is defined in section
2256(1) of title 18, United States Code, who is or
may be in danger of becoming a victim of an offense,
for which registration is required under this subtitle,
by an individual about whom the information de-
scribed in subsection (a)(2) is sought.
111
‘‘(2) PERSON.—The term ‘person’ means a per-
son who requests the information described in sub-
section (a)(2).
‘‘(3) INDIVIDUAL.—The term ‘individual’ means
an individual who is required to register under this
subtitle.’’.
TITLE 
XIX—LIMITING 
AVAIL-
ABILITY OF PORNOGRAPHY
ON COMPUTERS
SEC. 1901. LIMITING AVAILABILITY OF PORNOGRAPHY ON
COMPUTERS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal Bureau of
Investigation and the Attorney General shall begin a study
of computer-based technologies and other approaches to
the problem of the availability of pornographic material
to children on the Internet, in order to develop possible
amendments to Federal criminal law and other law en-
forcement techniques to respond to this problem.
(b) CONTENTS OF STUDY.—The study shall address
the following:
(1) The capabilities of present-day computer-
based control technologies for controlling electronic
transmission of pornographic images.