I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4142 
To protect the United States Government from foreign adversary AI and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 25, 2025 
Mr. MOOLENAAR (for himself, Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI, Mr. LAHOOD, and Mr. 
TORRES of New York) introduced the following bill; which was referred 
to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform 
A BILL 
To protect the United States Government from foreign 
adversary AI and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘No Adversarial AI 
Act’’. 
SEC. 2. DETERMINATION OF FOREIGN ADVERSARY AI. 
(a) DEVELOPMENT OF LIST.—Not later than 60 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal 
Acquisition Security Council shall develop a list containing 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
any artificial intelligence that is produced or developed by 
a foreign adversary. 
(b) PUBLICATION OF LIST.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 
of the Office of Management and Budget, in coordination 
with the Federal Acquisition Security Council, shall pub-
lish on a publicly available website the list developed pur-
suant to subsection (a). 
(c) UPDATES TO LIST.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Federal Acquisition Se-
curity Council shall update the list developed pursu-
ant to subsection (a) not less than every 180 days. 
(2) REMOVAL FROM LIST.—The Federal Acqui-
sition Security Council may remove artificial intel-
ligence from the list pursuant to subsection (a) if— 
(A) the person that owns such artificial in-
telligence submits to the Federal Acquisition 
Security Council a certification that the product 
or service is not produced or developed by a for-
eign adversary, including information in sup-
port of such certification; and 
(B) the Federal Acquisition Security Coun-
cil— 
(i) reviews such certification and in-
formation; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
(ii) certifies that the artificial intel-
ligence is not produced or developed by a 
foreign adversary. 
SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON ACQUIRING AND USE OF FOREIGN 
ADVERSARY AI. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the head of an executive 
agency, in coordination with the Federal Acquisition Secu-
rity Council, shall review and consider for exclusion and 
removal of artificial intelligence provided by a covered for-
eign adversary entity included on the list developed pursu-
ant to section 2(a), barring an approved exception through 
the process described in subsection (c). 
(b) AUTHORITIES RELATING TO MITIGATING RISKS 
IN THE ACQUISITION AND USE OF FOREIGN ADVERSARY 
AI.—The head of an executive agency shall, at a min-
imum, use the authorities in section 4713 of title 41, 
United States Code, to consider for exclusion and removal 
artificial intelligence provided by a covered foreign adver-
sary entity included on the list developed pursuant to sec-
tion 2(a). 
(c) EXCEPTIONS AND NOTICE.—Upon written notice 
to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget 
and the appropriate committees of Congress, the head of 
an executive agency may approve an exception to the de-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
terminations under subsection (a) if the head of the agen-
cy determines that acquiring, obtaining, or using the arti-
ficial intelligence is necessary— 
(1) for the purpose of scientifically valid re-
search (as defined in section 102 of the Education 
Sciences Reform Act of 2002 (20 U.S.C. 9501)); 
(2) for the purpose of evaluation, training, test-
ing, or analysis; 
(3) for the purpose of conducting counterter-
rorism or counterintelligence activities; or 
(4) to avoid jeopardizing the performance of 
mission critical functions. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-
gress’’ means the Committee on Homeland Security 
and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of 
the House of Representatives. 
(2) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.—The term ‘‘ar-
tificial intelligence’’ has the meaning given the term 
in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence 
Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 940) and includes 
the artificial intelligence systems and techniques de-
scribed in paragraphs (1) through (5) of section 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
238(g) of the John S. McCain National Defense Au-
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 
115–232; 10 U.S.C. 4061 note prec.). 
(3) EXECUTIVE AGENCY.—The term ‘‘executive 
agency’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘Executive 
agency’’ in section 105 of title 5, United States 
Code. 
(4) FOREIGN ADVERSARY.—The term ‘‘foreign 
adversary’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘covered 
nation’’ in section 4872(f)(2) of title 10, United 
States Code. 
(5) FOREIGN ADVERSARY ENTITY.—The term 
‘‘foreign adversary entity’’ means— 
(A) a foreign adversary; 
(B) a foreign person that is domiciled in, 
is headquartered in, has its principal place of 
business in, or is organized under the laws of 
a foreign adversary country; 
(C) an entity with respect to which a for-
eign person or combination of foreign persons 
described in subparagraph (A) or (B) directly 
or indirectly owns at least a 20 percent stake; 
or 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
(D) a person subject to the direction or 
control of a foreign person or entity described 
in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C). 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:38 Jul 01, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\H4142.IH
H4142
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB