•HRES 1123 IH 
Whereas, on August 26, 2007, Iraqi leaders sent, and Presi-
dent George W. Bush endorsed, a communique´ stating 
the two nations are committed to developing a long-term 
relationship of cooperation and friendship as two fully 
sovereign and independent states with common interests; 
Whereas, on November 26, 2007, Iraq and the United States 
signed a Declaration of Principles for a Long-Term Rela-
tionship of Cooperation and Friendship Between the Re-
public of Iraq and the United States of America, that sig-
naled the beginning of a formal discussion towards the 
forming of a bilateral agreement between the two coun-
tries and that contemplated wide-ranging security com-
mitments by the United States for the defense of the 
Government of Iraq from both internal and external 
threats; 
Whereas the Administration has announced its intention to 
negotiate this bilateral agreement as two separate pacts, 
a ‘‘strategic framework agreement’’ on broad economic, 
social, and security issues, and a ‘‘status of forces agree-
ment,’’ which in this case would also provide these forces 
with the ‘‘authority to fight’’; 
Whereas the Administration has announced that it will not 
seek the approval of Congress for either agreement, a 
stance that is disputed by some in Congress and by the 
judgment of some constitutional scholars to the extent 
that either agreement includes the obligation or the au-
thority for United States Armed Forces to engage in 
combat operations; 
Whereas the Congressional Budget Office has estimated that 
the annual cost of maintaining about 55,000 troops over 
the long-term in Iraq would be about $10 billion in a 
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•HRES 1123 IH 
non-combat scenario and $25 billion with combat oper-
ations; 
Whereas the Congressional Budget Office’s estimate assumes 
only minimal procurement costs for replacing or upgrad-
ing war-worn equipment; 
Whereas currently there are more than over 140,000 mem-
bers of the United States Armed Forces serving in Iraq 
in a combat situation; 
Whereas the United States Congress has appropriated over 
$526,000,000,000 for operations in Iraq; 
Whereas for fiscal year 2009, the Administration has in-
cluded a $70 billion placeholder request for Iraq in the 
Department of Defense budget; 
Whereas the United States is currently experiencing an eco-
nomic downturn, and the Chairman of the Federal Re-
serve recently testified before Congress that a ‘‘recession 
is possible’’; 
Whereas with 115 billion barrels of proven crude oil reserves, 
Iraq has the world’s third-largest endowment of oil, 
amounting to 11 percent of the global total; 
Whereas the current price per barrel of oil is over $110; and 
Whereas the current government in Iraq has a vested interest 
in the continued presence of United States Armed Forces 
in Iraq: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the United States House of Rep-
resentatives calls on the President of the United States 
not to commit the United States to any status of forces 
agreement or any other bilateral agreement with the Re-
public of Iraq that involves the presence of the United 
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•HRES 1123 IH 
States Armed Forces in Iraq unless the agreement in-
cludes a provision under which the Republic of Iraq agrees 
to reimburse the United States for all costs incurred by 
the United States related to the presence of United States 
Armed Forces in Iraq after the effective date of the agree-
ment, including the costs of pay and allowances for mem-
bers of the United States Armed Forces serving in Iraq. 
Æ 
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