SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Accelerating American 
Leadership in Science Act of 2018’’. 
SEC. 2. ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source 
described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy 
Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Re-
port on Facility Upgrades’’, including the development of 
a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and 
a suite of beamlines optimized for this source. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means the rate of 
flow of photons. 
(2) HARD
X-RAY.—The term ‘‘hard x-ray’’ 
means a photon with energy greater than 20 
kiloelectron volts. 
(c) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, to 
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of 
full operations of the upgrade under this section occurs 
before December 31, 2025. 
(d) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for the Office of Science to carry 
out to completion the upgrade under this section— 
(1) $93,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;
(2) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; 
(3) $152,400,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
(4) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 
(5) $73,600,000 for fiscal year 2022; and 
(6) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. 
SEC. 3. LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY FOR DEEP 
UNDERGROUND NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
provide for a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate 
the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment 
to enable a program in neutrino physics to measure the 
fundamental properties of neutrinos, explore physics be-
yond the Standard Model, and better clarify the nature 
of matter and antimatter. 
(b) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall 
ensure that the facility described in subsection (a) will pro-
vide, at a minimum, the following capabilities: 
(1) A broad-band neutrino beam capable of 1.2 
megawatts (MW) of beam power and upgradable to 
2.4 MW of beam power. 
(2) Four caverns excavated for a 40 kiloton fi-
ducial detector mass and supporting surface build-
ings and utilities. 
(3) Neutrino detector facilities at both the Far 
Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in Illinois
to categorize and study neutrinos on their 800-mile 
journey between the two sites. 
(4) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino de-
tectors. 
(c) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, to 
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of 
full operations of the facility under this section occurs be-
fore December 31, 2026. 
(d) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for the Office of Science to carry 
out to completion the construction of the facility under 
this section— 
(1) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 
(2) $160,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; 
(3) $195,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
(4) $195,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 
(5) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
(6) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
(7) $195,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
(8) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 
(9) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 4. SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON POWER 
UPGRADE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
provide for a proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neu-
tron Source. 
(b) DEFINITION OF PROTON POWER UPGRADE.— 
For the purposes of this section, the term ‘‘proton power 
upgrade’’ means the Spallation Neutron Source power up-
grade described in— 
(1) the publication of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy titled ‘‘Facilities for the 
Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, pub-
lished December 2003; 
(2) the publication of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy titled ‘‘Four Years Later: 
An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of 
Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 
2007; and 
(3) the publication approved by the Basic En-
ergy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, 
titled ‘‘Report on Facility Upgrades’’. 
(c) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, to 
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of 
full operations of the upgrade under this section occurs 
before December 31, 2025.
(d) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for the Office of Science to carry 
out to completion the upgrade under this section— 
(1) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 
(2) $70,800,000 for fiscal year 2019; 
(3) $33,500,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
(4) $40,500,000 for fiscal year 2021; 
(5) $21,100,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
(6) $13,200,000 for fiscal year 2023; and 
(7) $2,900,000 for fiscal year 2024. 
SEC. 5. SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND TARGET 
STATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
provide for a second target station for the Spallation Neu-
tron Source. 
(b) DEFINITION OF SECOND TARGET STATION.—For 
the purposes of this section, the term ‘‘second target sta-
tion’’ means the Spallation Neutron Source second target 
station described in— 
(1) the publication of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy titled ‘‘Facilities for the 
Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, pub-
lished December 2003; 
(2) the publication of the Office of Science of 
the Department of Energy titled ‘‘Four Years Later:
An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of 
Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published August 
2007; and 
(3) the publication approved by the Basic En-
ergy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, 
titled ‘‘Report on Facility Upgrades’’. 
(c) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, to 
the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of 
full operations of the second target station under this sec-
tion occurs before December 31, 2030, with the option for 
early operation in 2028. 
(d) FUNDING.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for the Office of Science to carry 
out to completion the construction of the facility under 
this section— 
(1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; 
(2) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; 
(3) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
(4) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 
(5) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
(6) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
(7) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
(8) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
(9) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
(10) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and