I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4325 
To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment of standards 
to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel used by certain vessels, and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 10, 2025 
Mr. GARCIA of California (for himself, Ms. BARRAGA´N, Ms. MATSUI, Ms. 
BONAMICI, Ms. TLAIB, and Mr. CLEAVER) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment 
of standards to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel 
used by certain vessels, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Clean Shipping Act 
of 2025’’. 
SEC. 2. MARINE GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STANDARD. 
The Clean Air Act is amended by inserting after sec-
tion 212 (42 U.S.C. 7546) the following: 
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‘‘SEC. 212A. MARINE GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STANDARD. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.— 
‘‘(1) 
CARBON
DIOXIDE-EQUIVALENT.—The 
term ‘carbon dioxide-equivalent’ means the number 
of metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions with the 
same global warming potential as 1 metric ton of 
another greenhouse gas, as calculated using Equa-
tion A–1 in section 98.2(b) of title 40, Code of Fed-
eral Regulations (as in effect on the date of enact-
ment of this section). 
‘‘(2) CARBON
INTENSITY.—The term ‘carbon 
intensity’ means the quantity of lifecycle greenhouse 
gas emissions per unit of fuel energy, expressed in 
grams of carbon dioxide-equivalent per megajoule. 
‘‘(3) CARBON INTENSITY BASELINE.—The term 
‘carbon intensity baseline’ means the average carbon 
intensity of the fuel used by all vessels on covered 
voyages in calendar year 2027. 
‘‘(4) COVERED
VOYAGE.—The term ‘covered 
voyage’ means any voyage of a vessel for the purpose 
of transporting passengers or cargo for commercial 
purposes— 
‘‘(A) that is between any ports of call 
under the jurisdiction of the United States; or 
‘‘(B) that is between a port of call under 
the jurisdiction of the United States and a port 
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of call under the jurisdiction of a foreign coun-
try. 
‘‘(5) GREENHOUSE GAS.—The term ‘greenhouse 
gas’ means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, 
hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur 
hexafluoride. 
‘‘(6) LIFECYCLE
GREENHOUSE
GAS
EMIS-
SIONS.—The term ‘lifecycle greenhouse gas emis-
sions’ has the meaning given the term in section 
211(o)(1). 
‘‘(7) PORT OF CALL.—The term ‘port of call’ 
means the port where a vessel stops to load or un-
load cargo or to embark or disembark passengers. 
‘‘(8) VESSEL.—The term ‘vessel’ means a vessel 
of 400 gross tonnage or more. 
‘‘(b) MARINE VESSEL FUEL CARBON INTENSITY 
STANDARDS.— 
‘‘(1) STANDARDS.—The Administrator shall, by 
regulation and except as provided in paragraph (3), 
require each vessel on a covered voyage to comply 
with standards for the carbon intensity of the fuel 
used by the vessel for propulsion and for the oper-
ation of any onboard equipment so that the carbon 
intensity is— 
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‘‘(A) in each of calendar years 2030 
through 2034, at least 30 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; 
‘‘(B) in each of calendar years 2034 
through 2039, at least 58 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; 
‘‘(C) in each of calendar years 2040 
through 2044, at least 83 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; 
‘‘(D) in each of calendar years 2045 
through 2049, at least 92 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline; and 
‘‘(E) in calendar year 2050 and each cal-
endar year thereafter, 100 percent less than the 
carbon intensity baseline. 
‘‘(2) PROMULGATION OF STANDARDS.—The Ad-
ministrator shall finalize— 
‘‘(A) the standard required by paragraph 
(1)(A) by not later than January 1, 2029; and 
‘‘(B) the standards required by each of 
subparagraphs (B) through (E) of paragraph 
(1) by not later than 2 years before the respec-
tive standard goes into effect. 
‘‘(3) TECHNOLOGICAL
OR
ECONOMIC
FEASI-
BILITY.— 
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‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Administrator 
determines that a reduction in carbon intensity 
required under paragraph (1) is not techno-
logically or economically feasible by the applica-
ble deadline under that paragraph, the Admin-
istrator, in lieu of promulgating the standard 
otherwise required by that paragraph, shall pro-
mulgate a standard that will achieve the max-
imum reduction in the carbon intensity of the 
fuel used by vessels on covered voyages that is 
technologically and economically feasible by the 
applicable deadline. 
‘‘(B) CONSIDERATIONS.—In determining 
technological and economic feasibility for pur-
poses of subparagraph (A), the Administrator 
shall take into account the net reduction of 
emissions of greenhouse gases and the potential 
adverse impacts on public health, safety, and 
the environment, including with respect to air 
quality, water quality, and the generation and 
disposal of solid waste. 
‘‘(4) HARMONIZATION
WITH
INTERNATIONAL 
STANDARDS.—If the Administrator determines that 
standards mandated by the International Maritime 
Organization for reduction of the carbon intensity of 
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fuel used by vessels for a calendar year are equal to 
or more stringent than the standards under para-
graph (1) for that calendar year, the Administrator 
may adopt the standards of the International Mari-
time Organization. 
‘‘(5) EXEMPTION.—Any vessel that is on cov-
ered voyages for 30 days or fewer during a calendar 
year shall be exempt from the standards promul-
gated under this subsection for that calendar year. 
‘‘(6) COMMON OWNERSHIP OR CONTROL.—For 
purposes of determining compliance with any stand-
ard established under this subsection, the Adminis-
trator may allow the carbon intensity of the fuels 
used by vessels under common ownership or control 
to be averaged. 
‘‘(7) OVERCOMPLIANCE.—The Administrator 
may allow vessels to credit overcompliance with any 
standard established under this subsection towards 
demonstrating compliance with any future standard 
under this subsection. 
‘‘(c) MONITORING AND REPORTING.— 
‘‘(1) LIST OF METHODS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator 
shall develop a list of acceptable methods for 
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