SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Securing Growth and Robust Leadership in American 
Aviation Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
TITLE I—AUTHORIZATIONS AND FAA ORGANIZATIONAL REFORM 
Subtitle A—Authorizations 
Sec. 101. Airport planning and development and noise compatibility planning 
and programs. 
Sec. 102. Facilities and equipment. 
Sec. 103. Operations. 
Sec. 104. Extension of miscellaneous expiring authorities. 
Subtitle B—FAA Organizational Reform 
Sec. 121. FAA leadership. 
Sec. 122. FAA management board. 
Sec. 123. Prohibition on conflicting pecuniary interests. 
Sec. 124. Authority of Secretary and Administrator. 
Sec. 125. Review of FAA rulemaking processes. 
Sec. 126. Office of Innovation. 
Sec. 127. Frank A. LoBiondo National Aerospace Safety and Security Campus. 
Sec. 128. Technical Center for Advanced Aerospace. 
Sec. 129. Office of NextGen sunset. 
Sec. 130. FAA Ombudsman. 
Sec. 131. Project dashboards and feedback portal. 
Sec. 132. Sense of Congress on FAA engagement during rulemaking activities. 
Sec. 133. Civil Aeromedical Institute. 
Sec. 134. Management advisory council. 
Sec. 135. Aviation noise officer. 
Sec. 136. Chief Operating Officer. 
Sec. 137. Report on unfunded capital investment needs of air traffic control 
system. 
Sec. 138. Chief Technology Officer. 
Sec. 139. Definition of air traffic control system. 
Sec. 140. Peer review of Office of Whistleblower Protection and Aviation Safety 
Investigations. 
Sec. 141. Cybersecurity lead. 
Sec. 142. Reducing FAA waste, inefficiency, and unnecessary responsibilities. 
TITLE II—GENERAL AVIATION 
Subtitle A—Expanding Pilot Privileges and Protections 
Sec. 201. Reexamination of pilots or certificate holders.
Sec. 202. GAO review of Pilot’s Bill of Rights. 
Sec. 203. Expansion of BasicMed. 
Sec. 204. Data privacy. 
Sec. 205. Prohibition on using ADS–B data to initiate an investigation. 
Sec. 206. Prohibition on N–Number profiteering. 
Sec. 207. Accountability for aircraft registration numbers. 
Sec. 208. Timely resolution of investigations. 
Sec. 209. Expansion of volunteer pilot organization definition. 
Sec. 210. Charitable flight fuel reimbursement exemptions. 
Sec. 211. GAO report on charitable flights. 
Sec. 212. All makes and models authorization. 
Sec. 213. Response to letter of investigation. 
Subtitle B—General Aviation Safety 
Sec. 221. ADS–B safety enhancement incentive program. 
Sec. 222. GAO report on ADS–B technology. 
Sec. 223. Protecting general aviation airports from FAA closure. 
Sec. 224. Ensuring safe landings during off-airport operations. 
Sec. 225. Airport diagram terminology. 
Sec. 226. Alternative ADS–B technologies for use in certain small aircraft. 
Sec. 227. Airshow safety team. 
Sec. 228. Tower marking notice of proposed rulemaking. 
Subtitle C—Improving FAA Services 
Sec. 241. Aircraft registration validity during renewal. 
Sec. 242. Temporary airman certificates. 
Sec. 243. Flight instruction or testing. 
Sec. 244. Letter of deviation authority. 
Sec. 245. National coordination and oversight of designated pilot examiners. 
Sec. 246. BasicMed for examiners administering tests or proficiency checks. 
Sec. 247. Designee locator tool improvements. 
Sec. 248. Deadline to eliminate aircraft registration backlog. 
Sec. 249. Part 135 air carrier certificate backlog. 
Sec. 250. Logging flight time accrued in certain public aircraft. 
Sec. 251. Flight instructor certificates. 
Sec. 252. Consistency of policy application in flight standards and aircraft cer-
tification. 
Sec. 253. Application of policies, orders, and guidance. 
Sec. 254. Expansion of the regulatory consistency communications board. 
Sec. 255. Exemption of fees for air traffic services. 
Sec. 256. Modernization of special airworthiness certification rulemaking dead-
line. 
Sec. 257. Termination of designees. 
Sec. 258. Part 135 check airmen reforms. 
Subtitle D—Other Provisions 
Sec. 261. Required consultation with National Parks Overflights Advisory 
Group. 
Sec. 262. Supplemental oxygen regulatory reform. 
Sec. 263. Exclusion of gyroplanes from fuel system requirements. 
Sec. 264. Airshow venue information, awareness, training, and education pro-
gram. 
Sec. 265. Low altitude rotorcraft and powered-lift operations.
Sec. 266. BasicMed in North America. 
Sec. 267. Eliminate aviation gasoline lead emissions. 
TITLE III—AEROSPACE WORKFORCE 
Subtitle A—Growing the Talent Pool 
Sec. 301. Extension of aviation workforce development programs. 
Sec. 302. Improving aviation workforce development programs. 
Sec. 303. National Center for the Advancement of Aerospace. 
Sec. 304. Cooperative Aviation Recruitment, Enrichment, and Employment 
Readiness Program. 
Sec. 305. Repeal of duplicative or obsolete workforce programs. 
Sec. 306. Civil airmen statistics. 
Sec. 307. Bessie Coleman Women in Aviation Advisory Committee. 
Sec. 308. Establishing a comprehensive web-based aviation resource center. 
Sec. 309. Direct hire authority from UAS Collegiate Training Initiative. 
Subtitle B—Improving Training and Rebuilding Talent Pipelines 
Sec. 311. Joint aviation employment training working group. 
Sec. 312. Airman knowledge testing working group. 
Sec. 313. Airman Certification System Working Group and timely publication 
of standards. 
Sec. 314. Air traffic control workforce staffing. 
Sec. 315. Aviation safety workforce assessment. 
Sec. 316. Military aviation maintenance. 
Subtitle C—Engaging and Retaining the Workforce 
Sec. 321. Airman’s medical bill of rights. 
Sec. 322. Improved designee misconduct reporting process. 
Sec. 323. Report on safe uniform options for certain aviation employees. 
Sec. 324. Extension of Samya Rose Stumo national air grant fellowship pro-
gram. 
Sec. 325. Promotion of civil aeronautics and safety of air commerce. 
Sec. 326. Educational and professional development. 
Sec. 327. Human factors professionals. 
Sec. 328. Aeromedical innovation and modernization working group. 
Sec. 329. Frontline manager workload study. 
Sec. 330. Age standards for pilots. 
Sec. 331. Medical Portal Modernization Task Group. 
TITLE IV—AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE 
Subtitle A—Airport Improvement Program Modifications 
Sec. 401. AIP definitions. 
Sec. 402. Revenue diversion penalty enhancement. 
Sec. 403. Extension of competitive access report requirement. 
Sec. 404. Renewal of certain leases. 
Sec. 405. Community use of airport land. 
Sec. 406. Price adjustment provisions. 
Sec. 407. Allowable project costs and letters of intent. 
Sec. 408. Small airport letters of intent. 
Sec. 409. Prohibition on use of AIP funds to procure certain passenger board-
ing bridges.
Sec. 410. Fuel infrastructure. 
Sec. 411. Apportionments. 
Sec. 412. PFC turnback reduction. 
Sec. 413. Transfer of AIP supplemental funds to formula program. 
Sec. 414. Small airport fund. 
Sec. 415. Revision of discretionary categories. 
Sec. 416. Terminal development. 
Sec. 417. State block grant program. 
Sec. 418. Innovative financing techniques. 
Sec. 419. Long-term management plans. 
Sec. 420. Alternative project delivery. 
Sec. 421. Nonmovement area surveillance surface display systems pilot pro-
gram. 
Sec. 422. Repeal of obsolete criminal provisions. 
Sec. 423. Limitation on certain rolling stock procurements. 
Sec. 424. Regulatory application. 
Sec. 425. National priority system formulas. 
Sec. 426. Minority and disadvantaged business participation. 
Sec. 427. Airport access roads in remote locations. 
Sec. 428. Limited regulation of nonfederally sponsored property. 
Sec. 429. Motorcoach enplanement pilot program. 
Sec. 430. Populous counties without airports. 
Sec. 431. Continued availability of aviation gasoline. 
Sec. 432. AIP handbook update. 
Sec. 433. GAO audit of airport financial reporting program. 
Sec. 434. GAO review of nonaeronautical revenue streams at airports. 
Sec. 435. Maintaining safe fire and rescue staffing levels. 
Sec. 436. GAO study of onsite airport generation. 
Sec. 437. Transportation demand management at airports. 
Sec. 438. Coastal airports assessment. 
Sec. 439. Airport investment partnership program. 
Sec. 440. GAO study on per-trip airport fees for TNC consumers. 
Sec. 441. Special rule for reclassification of certain unclassified airports. 
Sec. 442. Permanent solar powered taxiway edge lighting systems. 
Sec. 443. Secondary runways. 
Sec. 444. Increasing the energy efficiency of airports and meeting current and 
future energy power demands. 
Sec. 445. Electric aircraft infrastructure pilot program. 
Sec. 446. Curb management practices. 
Sec. 447. Notice of funding opportunity. 
Sec. 448. Special carryover assumption rule. 
Sec. 449. Runway safety projects. 
Subtitle B—Passenger Facility Charges 
Sec. 461. PFC application approvals. 
Sec. 462. PFC authorization pilot program implementation. 
Subtitle C—Noise and Environmental Programs and Streamlining 
Sec. 471. Streamlining consultation process. 
Sec. 472. Repeal of burdensome emissions credit requirements. 
Sec. 473. Expedited environmental review and One Federal Decision. 
Sec. 474. Subchapter III definitions. 
Sec. 475. Pilot program extension. 
Sec. 476. Part 150 noise standards update.
Sec. 477. Reducing community aircraft noise exposure. 
Sec. 478. Categorical exclusions. 
Sec. 479. Critical habitat on or near airport property. 
Sec. 480. Updating presumed to conform limits. 
Sec. 481. Recommendations on reducing rotorcraft noise in District of Colum-
bia. 
Sec. 482. UFP study. 
Sec. 483. Aviation and airport community engagement. 
Sec. 484. Community Collaboration Program. 
Sec. 485. Third party study on aviation noise metrics. 
Sec. 486. Information sharing requirement. 
TITLE V—AVIATION SAFETY 
Subtitle A—General Provisions 
Sec. 501. Zero tolerance for near misses, runway incursions, and surface safety 
risks. 
Sec. 502. Global aviation safety. 
Sec. 503. Availability of personnel for inspections, site visits, and training. 
Sec. 504. Helicopter air ambulance operations. 
Sec. 505. Global aircraft maintenance safety improvements. 
Sec. 506. ODA best practice sharing. 
Sec. 507. Training of organization delegation authorization unit members. 
Sec. 508. Clarification on safety management system information disclosure. 
Sec. 509. Extension of Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability Act re-
porting requirements. 
Sec. 510. Don Young Alaska Aviation Safety Initiative. 
Sec. 511. Continued oversight of FAA compliance program. 
Sec. 512. Scalability of safety management systems. 
Sec. 513. Finalize safety management system rulemaking. 
Sec. 514. Improvements to aviation safety information analysis and sharing. 
Sec. 515. Improvement of certification processes. 
Sec. 516. Instructions for continued airworthiness aviation rulemaking com-
mittee. 
Sec. 517. Clarity for supplemental type certificate requirements. 
Sec. 518. Use of advanced tools in certifying aerospace products. 
Sec. 519. Transport airplane and propulsion certification modernization. 
Sec. 520. Engine fire protection standards. 
Sec. 521. Risk model for production facility inspections. 
Sec. 522. Secondary cockpit barriers. 
Sec. 523. Review of FAA use of aviation safety data. 
Sec. 524. Part 135 duty and rest. 
Sec. 525. Cockpit voice recorders. 
Sec. 526. Flight data recovery from overwater operations. 
Sec. 527. Emergency medical equipment on passenger aircraft. 
Sec. 528. Navigation aids study. 
Sec. 529. Remote towers. 
Sec. 530. Weather reporting systems study. 
Sec. 531. GAO study on expansion of the FAA weather camera program. 
Sec. 532. Audit on aviation safety in era of wireless connectivity. 
Sec. 533. Ramp worker safety call to action. 
Sec. 534. Safety data analysis for aircraft without transponders. 
Sec. 535. Crash-resistant fuel systems in rotorcraft. 
Sec. 536. Reducing turbulence on part 121 aircraft operations. 
Sec. 537. Study on radiation exposure.
Sec. 538. Deterring crewmember interference. 
Sec. 539. Cabin temperature standards. 
Sec. 540. Cabin air quality. 
Sec. 541. Evacuation standards for transport category airplanes. 
Sec. 542. Lithium–ion powered wheelchairs. 
Sec. 543. National simulator program policies and guidance. 
Sec. 544. GAO study on FAA National Simulator Program. 
Sec. 545. GAO study on FAA alignment with best available technologies and 
standards. 
Sec. 546. Incremental safety improvement. 
Sec. 547. Voluntary reporting protections. 
Sec. 548. Providing non-Federal weather observer training to airport personnel. 
Subtitle B—Aviation Cybersecurity 
Sec. 571. Findings. 
Sec. 572. Aerospace product safety. 
Sec. 573. Federal Aviation Administration regulations, policy, and guidance. 
Sec. 574. Civil aviation cybersecurity rulemaking committee. 
TITLE VI—AEROSPACE INNOVATION 
Subtitle A—Unmanned Aircraft Systems 
Sec. 601. Definitions. 
Sec. 602. Unmanned aircraft system test ranges. 
Sec. 603. Unmanned aircraft in the Arctic. 
Sec. 604. Public safety use of tethered UAS. 
Sec. 605. Special authority for unmanned aircraft systems. 
Sec. 606. Recreational operations of drone systems. 
Sec. 607. Airport safety and airspace hazard mitigation and enforcement. 
Sec. 608. Applications for designation. 
Sec. 609. Beyond visual line of sight rulemaking. 
Sec. 610. UAS traffic management. 
Sec. 611. Radar data pilot program. 
Sec. 612. Electronic conspicuity study. 
Sec. 613. Remote identification alternative means of compliance. 
Sec. 614. Part 107 waiver improvements. 
Sec. 615. Acceptable levels of risk and risk assessment methodology. 
Sec. 616. Environmental review. 
Sec. 617. Carriage of hazardous materials. 
Sec. 618. Unmanned aircraft system use in wildfire response. 
Sec. 619. Pilot program for UAS inspections of FAA infrastructure. 
Sec. 620. Drone infrastructure inspection grant program. 
Sec. 621. Drone education and workforce training grant program. 
Sec. 622. Drone workforce training program study. 
Sec. 623. UAS Integration Office. 
Sec. 624. Termination of Advanced Aviation Advisory Committee. 
Sec. 625. Unmanned and Autonomous Flight Advisory Committee. 
Sec. 626. NextGen Advisory Committee membership expansion. 
Sec. 627. Temporary flight restriction integrity. 
Sec. 628. Interagency coordination. 
Sec. 629. Review of regulations to enable unescorted UAS operations. 
Sec. 630. UAS operations over high seas. 
Sec. 631. Beyond BEYOND. 
Sec. 632. UAS integration strategy.
Sec. 633. Authorization of appropriations for Know Before You Fly campaign. 
Sec. 634. Public aircraft definition. 
Sec. 635. Protection of public gatherings. 
Subtitle B—Advanced Air Mobility 
Sec. 651. Definition. 
Sec. 652. Powered-lift aircraft rulemakings. 
Sec. 653. Powered-lift aircraft entry into service. 
Sec. 654. Sense of Congress on preparation for entry into service of powered- 
lift aircraft. 
Sec. 655. Infrastructure supporting vertical flight. 
Sec. 656. Charting of aviation infrastructure. 
Sec. 657. Advanced air mobility working group. 
Sec. 658. Advanced air mobility infrastructure pilot program extension. 
Subtitle C—Other Provisions 
Sec. 681. Report on national spaceports policy. 
Sec. 682. Intermodal transportation infrastructure improvement pilot program. 
Sec. 683. Airspace access for high-speed aircraft. 
Sec. 684. ICAO activities on new technologies. 
Sec. 685. AIP eligibility for certain spaceport infrastructure. 
Sec. 686. Commercial space launch and reentry statistics. 
Sec. 687. Report on certain infrastructure needs. 
Sec. 688. Airspace integration for space launch and reentry. 
TITLE VII—PASSENGER EXPERIENCE IMPROVEMENTS 
Subtitle A—General Provisions 
Sec. 701. Advertisements and solicitations for passenger air transportation. 
Sec. 702. Modernization of consumer complaint submissions. 
Sec. 703. Codification of consumer protection provisions. 
Sec. 704. Extension of aviation consumer protection advisory committee. 
Sec. 705. Removal of outdated references to passengers with disabilities. 
Sec. 706. Extension of aviation consumer advocate reporting requirement. 
Sec. 707. Air Carrier Access Act advisory committee. 
Sec. 708. Passenger experience advisory committee. 
Sec. 709. Streamlining of offline ticket disclosures. 
Sec. 710. Ticket agent refund obligations. 
Sec. 711. Updating passenger information requirement regulations. 
Sec. 712. Mobility aids on board improve lives and empower all. 
Sec. 713. Prioritizing accountability and accessibility for aviation consumers. 
Sec. 714. Aircraft accessibility. 
Sec. 715. Accessibility of websites, software applications, and kiosks for individ-
uals with disabilities. 
Sec. 716. Review of methods to report flight delay and cancellation statistics. 
Sec. 717. Reimbursement for incurred costs. 
Sec. 718. Airline operational resiliency plans. 
Sec. 719. Family seating. 
Sec. 720. Seat dimensions. 
Sec. 721. Improved training standards for assisting passengers who use wheel-
chairs. 
Sec. 722. Training standards for stowage of wheelchairs and scooters. 
Sec. 723. Investigation of complaints. 
Sec. 724. Standards.
Sec. 725. Seating accommodations for qualified individuals with disabilities. 
Sec. 726. Provision of drinking water to passengers. 
Sec. 727. GAO report on mass flight cancellation event. 
Subtitle B—Air Traffic 
Sec. 741. Transfers of air traffic systems acquired with AIP. 
Sec. 742. NextGen programs. 
Sec. 743. Airspace access. 
Sec. 744. Airspace transition completion. 
Sec. 745. FAA contract towers. 
Sec. 746. FAA contract tower workforce audit. 
Sec. 747. Aviation infrastructure sustainment. 
Sec. 748. Air traffic control tower safety. 
Sec. 749. Air traffic services data reports. 
Sec. 750. Consideration of small hub control towers. 
Sec. 751. Air traffic control tower replacement process report. 
Sec. 752. FAA contract tower pilot program. 
Sec. 753. Agreements for State and local operation of airport facilities. 
Subtitle C—Small Community Air Service 
Sec. 771. Essential air service reforms. 
Sec. 772. Essential air service authorization. 
Sec. 773. Small community air service development program reform and au-
thorization. 
Sec. 774. GAO study on increased costs of essential air service. 
Sec. 775. Response time for applications to provide essential air service. 
Sec. 776. GAO study on certain airport delays. 
Sec. 777. Report on restoration of small community air service. 
TITLE VIII—MISCELLANEOUS 
Sec. 801. Digitalization of FAA processes. 
Sec. 802. FAA telework. 
Sec. 803. Review of office space. 
Sec. 804. Aircraft weight reduction task force. 
Sec. 805. Audit of technical writing resources and capabilities. 
Sec. 806. FAA participation in industry standards organizations. 
Sec. 807. Sense of Congress on use of voluntary consensus standards. 
Sec. 808. Required designation. 
Sec. 809. Sensitive security information. 
Sec. 810. Preserving open skies while ensuring fair skies. 
Sec. 811. Commercial preference. 
Sec. 812. Consideration of third-party services. 
Sec. 813. Certificates of authorization or waiver. 
Sec. 814. Wing-in-ground-effect craft. 
Sec. 815. Quasquicentennial of aviation. 
Sec. 816. Federal contract tower wage determinations and positions. 
Sec. 817. Internal process improvements review. 
Sec. 818. Acceptance of digital driver’s license and identification cards. 
Sec. 819. Buckeye 940 release of deed restrictions. 
Sec. 820. Federal Aviation Administration information technology system integ-
rity. 
Sec. 821. Briefing on radio communications coverage around mountainous ter-
rain.
Sec. 822. Study on congested airspace. 
Sec. 823. Administrative services franchise fund. 
Sec. 824. Use of biographical assessments. 
Sec. 825. Whistleblower protection enforcement. 
Sec. 826. Final rulemaking on certain manufacturing standards. 
Sec. 827. Remote dispatch. 
Sec. 828. Employee assault prevention and response plans amendment. 
Sec. 829. Crew member self-defense training. 
Sec. 830. Formal sexual assault and harassment policies on air carriers and 
foreign air carriers. 
Sec. 831. Interference with security screening personnel. 
Sec. 832. Mechanisms to reduce helicopter noise. 
Sec. 833. Technical corrections. 
Sec. 834. Transportation of organs. 
Sec. 835. Report on application approval timing. 
Sec. 836. Study on air cargo operations. 
Sec. 837. Next generation radio altimeters. 
Sec. 838. Sense of Congress regarding safety and security of aviation infra-
structure. 
Sec. 839. Restricted category aircraft maintenance and operations. 
Sec. 840. Report on telework. 
Sec. 841. Crewmember pumping guidance. 
Sec. 842. Aircraft interchange agreement limitations. 
Sec. 843. Federal Aviation Administration Academy and facility expansion 
plan. 
Sec. 844. Limitations for certain cargo aircraft. 
Sec. 845. Copyright protection for original designs of aircraft floats. 
Sec. 846. Delivery of clearance to pilots via internet protocol. 
Sec. 847. Report on Indo-Pacific Airports. 
Sec. 848. GAO study on the implementation of grants at airports. 
Sec. 849. Minority and disadvantaged business participation. 
Sec. 850. Structures interfering with air commerce or national security. 
Sec. 851. Effect of airline mergers for consumers. 
Sec. 852. Task Force on Human Factors in Aviation Safety. 
Sec. 853. Sense of Congress encouraging the FAA to welcome the use of un-
manned aerial vehicles. 
Sec. 854. Evaluation of emergency response plans. 
Sec. 855. Study on air cargo operations in Puerto Rico. 
Sec. 856. Prohibition on operation of aircraft over Russian airspace. 
Sec. 857. GAO study on aviation workforce. 
Sec. 858. Assessment by Inspector General of the Department of Transpor-
tation of counter-UAS system operations. 
Sec. 859. Briefing on LIT VORTAC project. 
Sec. 860. Reimbursement for financial losses due to certain airport closures. 
Sec. 861. Prohibition on certain runway length requirements. 
Sec. 862. Study on pilot supply issues. 
Sec. 863. GAO study on FAA responsiveness to Congress. 
Sec. 864. GAO study on transit access. 
Sec. 865. Apprenticeship program for pilots. 
Sec. 866. Wildfire suppression. 
Sec. 867. Air statistic reports. 
Sec. 868. Sense of Congress on FAA engagement and collaboration with 
HBCUs and MSIs.
Sec. 869. Report on implementation of recommendations of Federal Aviation 
Administration Youth Access to American Jobs in Aviation 
Task Force. 
Sec. 870. Implementation of dynamic scheduling and management of certain 
airspace. 
Sec. 871. Prohibition on procurement of foreign-made unmanned aircraft sys-
tems. 
Sec. 872. Banning municipal airport. 
Sec. 873. Feasibility study of hardening satellites that contribute to United 
States aerospace navigation. 
Sec. 874. Study and report on effects of unmanned free balloons on aviation 
safety. 
Sec. 875. Update to FAA order on Airway Planning Standard. 
Sec. 876. Surface surveillance. 
Sec. 877. Certification and report by Inspector General relating to radar im-
pacts and offshore wind development approval process. 
TITLE IX—NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD 
AMENDMENTS ACT OF 2023 
Sec. 901. Short title. 
Sec. 902. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 903. Clarification of treatment of territories. 
Sec. 904. Additional workforce training. 
Sec. 905. Acquiring mission-essential knowledge and skills. 
Sec. 906. Overtime annual report termination. 
Sec. 907. Strategic workforce plan. 
Sec. 908. Travel budgets. 
Sec. 909. Retention of records. 
Sec. 910. Nondisclosure of interview recordings. 
Sec. 911. Closed unacceptable recommendations. 
Sec. 912. Establishment of Office of Oversight, Accountability, and Quality As-
surance. 
Sec. 913. Miscellaneous investigative authorities. 
Sec. 914. Public availability of accident reports. 
Sec. 915. Ensuring accountability for timeliness of reports. 
Sec. 916. Ensuring access to data. 
Sec. 917. Public availability of safety recommendations. 
Sec. 918. Improving delivery of family assistance. 
Sec. 919. Updating civil penalty authority. 
Sec. 920. Electronic availability of public docket records. 
Sec. 921. Drug-free workplace. 
Sec. 922. Accessibility in workplace. 
Sec. 923. Most Wanted List. 
Sec. 924. Technical corrections. 
Sec. 925. Air safety investigators. 
TITLE X—FREEDOM TO FLY ACT OF 2023 
Sec. 1001. Short title. 
Sec. 1002. Prohibition on implementation of vaccination mandate. 
Sec. 1003. Prohibition on vaccination requirements for FAA contractors. 
Sec. 1004. Prohibition on vaccine mandate for FAA employees. 
Sec. 1005. Prohibition on vaccine mandate for passengers of air carriers. 
Sec. 1006. Prohibition on implementation of a mask mandate. 
Sec. 1007. Prohibition on mask mandates for FAA contractors.
Sec. 1008. Prohibition on mask mandate for FAA employees. 
Sec. 1009. Prohibition on mask mandate for passengers of air carriers. 
Sec. 1010. Definitions. 
TITLE XI—FAA RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
Sec. 1101. Short title. 
Sec. 1102. Definitions. 
Subtitle A—Authorization of Appropriations 
Sec. 1111. Authorization of appropriations. 
Subtitle B—FAA Research and Development Organization 
Sec. 1121. Report on implementation; funding for safety research and develop-
ment. 
Subtitle C—FAA Research and Development Activities 
Sec. 1131. Aviation fuel research, development, and usage. 
Sec. 1132. Continuous lower energy, emission, and noise (CLEEN). 
Sec. 1133. Strategy on hydrogen aviation research and development. 
Sec. 1134. Report on future electric grid resiliency. 
Sec. 1135. Air traffic surveillance over oceans and other remote locations. 
Sec. 1136. Utilization of space-based assets to improve air traffic control and 
aviation safety. 
Sec. 1137. Aviation weather technology review. 
Sec. 1138. Air traffic surface operations safety. 
Sec. 1139. Airport and airfield pavement technology research program. 
Sec. 1140. Technology review of artificial intelligence and machine learning 
technologies. 
Sec. 1141. Research plan for commercial supersonic research. 
Sec. 1142. Electromagnetic spectrum research and development. 
Sec. 1143. Aviation structures, materials, and advanced manufacturing re-
search and development. 
Sec. 1144. Research plan on the remote tower program. 
Sec. 1145. Air traffic control training. 
Sec. 1146. Report on aviation cybersecurity directives. 
Sec. 1147. Rule of construction regarding collaborations. 
Sec. 1148. Turbulence research and development. 
Sec. 1149. Research, development, and demonstration programs. 
Sec. 1150. Limitation. 
Sec. 1151. Center of Excellence for Alternative Jet Fuels and Environment 
(ASCENT). 
Sec. 1152. Study on aeronautical standards. 
TITLE XII—AVIATION REVENUE PROVISIONS 
Sec. 1201. Airport and airway trust fund expenditure authority. 
Sec. 1202. Extension of taxes funding airport and airway trust fund. 
Sec. 1203. Designation of certain airports as ports of entry.
TITLE I—AUTHORIZATIONS AND 
FAA ORGANIZATIONAL REFORM 
Subtitle A—Authorizations 
SEC. 101. AIRPORT PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AND 
NOISE COMPATIBILITY PLANNING AND PRO-
GRAMS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—Section 48103(a) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (5) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (6) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(7) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(8) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
‘‘(9) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
‘‘(10) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and 
‘‘(11) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.’’. 
(b) OBLIGATION AUTHORITY.—Section 47104(c) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended in the matter 
preceding paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘2023’’ and inserting 
‘‘2028’’. 
SEC. 102. FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT. 
Section 48101(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended—
(1) by striking paragraphs (1) through (5); 
(2) by redesignating paragraph (6) as para-
graph (1); and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) $3,375,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. 
‘‘(3) $3,425,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. 
‘‘(4) $3,475,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 
‘‘(5) $3,475,000,000 for fiscal year 2027. 
‘‘(6) $3,475,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.’’. 
SEC. 103. OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 106(k)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking subparagraphs (A) through (E); 
(2) in subparagraph (F) by striking the period 
at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
(3) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as sub-
paragraph (A); and 
(4) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(B) $12,730,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(C) $13,035,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
‘‘(D) $13,334,000,000 for fiscal year 
2026; 
‘‘(E) $13,640,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; 
and
‘‘(F) $13,954,000,000 for fiscal year 
2028.’’. 
(b) 
AUTHORIZED
EXPENDITURES.—Section 
106(k)(2)(D) of title 49, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) by striking clauses (i) through (v); 
(2) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (i); 
and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(ii) $46,815,000 for fiscal year 2024. 
‘‘(iii) $52,985,000 for fiscal year 
2025. 
‘‘(iv) $59,044,000 for fiscal year 
2026. 
‘‘(v) $65,225,000 for fiscal year 2027. 
‘‘(vi) $71,529,000 for fiscal year 
2028.’’. 
(c) AUTHORITY
TO
TRANSFER
FUNDS.—Section 
106(k)(3) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘Notwithstanding’’ and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding’’; 
(2) by striking ‘‘in each of fiscal years 2018 
through 2023,’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(B) PRIORITIZATION.—In reducing non- 
safety-related activities of the Administration 
under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
prioritize such reductions from amounts other 
than amounts authorized under this subsection, 
section 48101, or section 48103. 
‘‘(C) SUNSET.—This paragraph shall cease 
to be effective after September 30, 2028.’’. 
SEC. 104. EXTENSION OF MISCELLANEOUS EXPIRING AU-
THORITIES. 
(a) 
MARSHALL
ISLANDS, 
MICRONESIA, 
AND 
PALAU.—Section 47115(i) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘fiscal years 2018 through 2023’’ 
and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 2023 through 2028’’. 
(b) WEATHER
REPORTING
PROGRAMS.—Section 
48105 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) $45,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 
through 2026. 
‘‘(6) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 
and 2028.’’. 
(c) MIDWAY ISLAND AIRPORT.—Section 186(d) of 
the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act 
(Public Law 108–176) is amended by striking ‘‘for fiscal
‘‘(B) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Deputy Ad-
ministrator for Programs and Management 
shall— 
‘‘(i) be a citizen of the United States; 
and 
‘‘(ii) have experience in management 
and a field directly related to aviation. 
‘‘(C) FITNESS.—In appointing an indi-
vidual as Deputy Administrator for Programs 
and Management, the President shall consider 
the fitness of the individual to carry out effi-
ciently the duties and powers of the office, in-
cluding the duty to act for the Administrator 
under the circumstances described in subpara-
graph (F). 
‘‘(D) REPORTING
CHAIN.—The Deputy 
Administrator for Programs and Management 
reports directly to the Administrator. 
‘‘(E) DUTIES.—The Deputy Administrator 
for Programs and Management shall— 
‘‘(i) manage the Assistant Administra-
tors and Chief Counsel established under 
subsection (d), except the Assistant Ad-
ministrator for Rulemaking and Regu-
latory Improvement; and
‘‘(ii) carry out duties and powers pre-
scribed by the Administrator. 
‘‘(F) SUCCESSION PLAN.—The Deputy Ad-
ministrator for Programs and Management acts 
for the Administrator when the Administrator 
is absent or unable to serve, or when the office 
of the Administrator is vacant. 
‘‘(G) COMPENSATION.— 
‘‘(i) ANNUAL RATE OF BASIC PAY.— 
The annual rate of basic pay of the Deputy 
Administrator for Programs and Manage-
ment shall be set by the Secretary but 
shall not exceed the annual rate of basic 
pay payable to the Administrator. 
‘‘(ii) EXCEPTION.—A retired regular 
officer of an Armed Force serving as the 
Deputy Administrator for Programs and 
Management is entitled to hold a rank and 
grade not lower than that held when ap-
pointed as the Deputy Administrator for 
Programs and Management and may elect 
to receive— 
‘‘(I) the pay provided for the 
Deputy Administrator for Programs 
and Management under clause (i); or
‘‘(II) the pay and allowances or 
the retired pay of the military grade 
held. 
‘‘(iii) 
REIMBURSEMENT
OF
EX-
PENSES.—If the Deputy Administrator for 
Programs and Management elects to re-
ceive compensation described in clause 
(ii)(II), the Administration shall reimburse 
the appropriate military department from 
funds available for the expenses of the Ad-
ministration. 
‘‘(3) DEPUTY
ADMINISTRATOR
FOR
SAFETY 
AND OPERATIONS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administration 
has a Deputy Administrator for Safety and Op-
erations, who— 
‘‘(i) shall be appointed by the Admin-
istrator; and 
‘‘(ii) shall not be a political appointee. 
‘‘(B) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Deputy Ad-
ministrator for Safety and Operations shall— 
‘‘(i) be a citizen of the United States; 
and
‘‘(ii) have experience in organizational 
management and a field directly related to 
aviation. 
‘‘(C) FITNESS.—In appointing an indi-
vidual as Deputy Administrator for Safety and 
Operations, the Administrator shall consider the 
fitness of the individual to carry out efficiently 
the duties and powers of the office, including 
the duty to act for the Administrator under the 
circumstances described in subparagraph (F). 
‘‘(D) REPORTING
CHAIN.—The Deputy 
Administrator for Safety and Operations re-
ports to the Administrator. 
‘‘(E) DUTIES.—The Deputy Administrator 
for Safety and Operations shall— 
‘‘(i) manage the Associate Administra-
tors and Chief Operating Officer estab-
lished under subsection (c) and the Assist-
ant Administrator for Rulemaking and 
Regulatory Improvement established under 
subsection (d); 
‘‘(ii) develop and maintain a long-term 
strategic plan of the Administration;
‘‘(iii) coordinate the safe integration 
of new entrants and technologies into the 
national airspace system; and 
‘‘(iv) carry out other duties and pow-
ers prescribed by the Administrator. 
‘‘(F) SUCCESSION PLAN.—The Deputy Ad-
ministrator for Safety and Operations acts for 
the Administrator when the Administrator and 
the Deputy Administrator for Programs and 
Management are absent or unable to serve, or 
when the office of the Administrator and the 
Office of the Deputy Administrator for Pro-
grams and Management are vacant. 
‘‘(G) COMPENSATION.—The annual rate of 
basic pay of the Deputy Administrator for Safe-
ty and Operations shall be set by the Adminis-
trator but shall not exceed the annual rate of 
basic pay payable to the Administrator. 
‘‘(4) LEADERSHIP
OF
THE
ADMINISTRATION 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘leadership of 
the Administration’ means— 
‘‘(A) the Administrator under paragraph 
(1);
‘‘(B) the Deputy Administrator for Pro-
grams and Management under paragraph (2); 
and 
‘‘(C) the Deputy Administrator for Safety 
and Operations under paragraph (3).’’. 
SEC. 122. FAA MANAGEMENT BOARD. 
(a) FAA MANAGEMENT BOARD.—Section 106 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by striking sub-
sections (c) and (d) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(c) ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATORS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administration has 
Associate Administrators, as determined necessary 
by the Administrator, including— 
‘‘(A) appointed by the Administrator, an 
Associate Administrator for Aviation Safety, an 
Associate Administrator for Security and Haz-
ardous Materials Safety, a Chief Operating Of-
ficer of the Air Traffic Control System; 
‘‘(B) appointed by the President, an Asso-
ciate Administrator for Airports; and 
‘‘(C) when authority under chapter 509 of 
title 51 is explicitly delegated by the Secretary 
of Transportation to the Administrator, an As-
sociate Administrator for Commercial Space
Transportation who shall be appointed by the 
Administrator. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—Associate Administra-
tors shall be citizens of the United States. 
‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The Associate Administrators 
shall carry out duties and powers of their office de-
scribed in this section and those prescribed by the 
Administrator. 
‘‘(d) CHIEF
COUNSEL; ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRA-
TORS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administration has 
Assistant Administrators and a Chief Counsel. 
‘‘(A) CHIEF COUNSEL.—The Chief Counsel 
shall be appointed by the President and shall— 
‘‘(i) advise the Administrator on legal 
matters relating to the responsibilities, 
functions, and management of the Admin-
istration; 
‘‘(ii) at the request of the Adminis-
trator, provide guidance, counsel, and ad-
vice regarding, but shall not have final de-
cision-making authority with regards to, 
the activities of the Administrator, includ-
ing— 
‘‘(I) rulemaking activities;
‘‘(II) policy and guidance docu-
ment production; 
‘‘(III) exemption and waiver deci-
sions; and 
‘‘(IV) certification and approval 
determinations; 
‘‘(iii) represent the Administration be-
fore the National Transportation Safety 
Board, Department of Transportation law 
judges, the Equal Employment Oppor-
tunity Commission, Federal courts of the 
United States, and other bodies and 
courts, as appropriate; 
‘‘(iv) pursue enforcement actions on 
behalf of the Administrator; and 
‘‘(v) perform other functions as deter-
mined by the Administrator. 
‘‘(B) ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR
FOR 
RULEMAKING
AND
REGULATORY
IMPROVE-
MENT.—The Assistant Administrator for Rule-
making and Regulatory Improvement shall be 
appointed by the Administrator and shall— 
‘‘(i) be responsible for developing and 
managing the execution of a regulatory 
agenda for the Administration that meets
statutory and Administration deadlines, in-
cluding by— 
‘‘(I) 
prioritizing 
rulemaking 
projects that are necessary to improve 
safety; 
‘‘(II) establishing the regulatory 
agenda of the Administration; and 
‘‘(III) coordinating with offices of 
the Administration, the Department, 
and other Federal entities as appro-
priate to improve timely feedback gen-
eration and approvals when required 
by law; 
‘‘(ii) not delegate overall responsibility 
for meeting internal timelines and final 
completion of the regulatory activities of 
the Administration outside the Office of 
the Assistant Administrator for Rule-
making and Regulatory Improvement; 
‘‘(iii) on an ongoing basis— 
‘‘(I) review the Administration’s 
regulations in effect to improve safety; 
‘‘(II) reduce undue regulatory 
burden;
‘‘(III) replace prescriptive regula-
tions with performance-based regula-
tions, as appropriate; 
‘‘(IV) prevent duplicative regula-
tions; and 
‘‘(V) increase regulatory clarity 
and transparency whenever possible; 
‘‘(iv) make recommendations for the 
Administrator’s review under subsection 
(f)(3)(C)(ii); 
‘‘(v) receive, coordinate, and respond 
to petitions for rulemaking and for exemp-
tion as provided for in subpart A of part 
11 of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, and provide an initial response to a 
petitioner not later than 30 days after the 
receipt of such a petition— 
‘‘(I) acknowledging receipt of 
such petition; 
‘‘(II) confirming completeness of 
such petition; 
‘‘(III) providing an initial indica-
tion of the complexity of the request 
and how such complexity may impact 
the timeline for adjudication; and
‘‘(IV) requesting any additional 
information, 
as 
appropriate, 
that 
would assist in the consideration of 
the petition; 
‘‘(vi) track the issuance of exemptions 
and waivers by the Administration to sec-
tions of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, and establish a methodology by 
which to determine if it would be more ef-
ficient and in the public’s interest to 
amend a rule to reduce the future need of 
waivers and exemptions; and 
‘‘(vii) promulgate regulatory updates 
as determined more efficient or in the 
public’s best interest under clause (vi). 
‘‘(C) APPOINTMENT.—Additional Assistant 
Administrators, as determined necessary by the 
Administrator, may be appointed by the Admin-
istrator. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Assistant Admin-
istrators shall be a citizen of the United States. 
‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The Assistant Administrators 
shall carry out duties and powers of their office de-
scribed in this section and those prescribed by the 
Administrator.
‘‘(4) MANAGEMENT BOARD OF THE ADMINIS-
TRATION.—In this section, the term ‘Management 
Board of the Administration’ means— 
‘‘(A) the Associate Administrators and 
Chief Operating Officer established under sub-
section (c); and 
‘‘(B) the Assistant Administrators and 
Chief Counsel established under subsection 
(d).’’. 
(b) SYSTEMICALLY ADDRESSING NEED FOR EXEMP-
TIONS AND WAIVERS.—Not later than 30 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Adminis-
trator for Rulemaking and Regulatory Improvement shall 
brief the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on 
the 
methodology 
developed 
pursuant 
to 
section 
106(d)(B)(vi) of title 49, United States Code (as added 
by this section). 
SEC. 123. PROHIBITION ON CONFLICTING PECUNIARY IN-
TERESTS. 
Section 106(e) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(e) PROHIBITION ON CONFLICTING PECUNIARY IN-
TERESTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The leadership of the Ad-
ministration and the Management Board of the Ad-
ministration may not have a pecuniary interest in, or 
hold a financial interest in, an aeronautical enter-
prise, or engage in another business, vocation, or 
employment. 
‘‘(2) TEACHING.—Notwithstanding paragraph 
(1), the Deputy Administrators and the Manage-
ment Board of the Administration may not receive 
compensation for teaching without prior approval of 
the Administrator. 
‘‘(3) FINANCIAL INTEREST DEFINED.—In this 
subsection, the term ‘financial interest’— 
‘‘(A) means— 
‘‘(i) any current or contingent owner-
ship, equity, or security interest; 
‘‘(ii) any indebtedness or compensated 
employment relationship; or 
‘‘(iii) any right to purchase or acquire 
any such interest, including a stock option; 
and 
‘‘(B) does not include securities held in an 
index fund.’’.
SEC. 124. AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY AND ADMINIS-
TRATOR. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 106(f) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘paragraph (2)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘paragraphs (2) and (3)’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘Neither’’ and inserting 
‘‘In exercising duties, powers, and authorities 
that are assigned to the Secretary or the Ad-
ministrator under this title, neither’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘a committee, board, or or-
ganization established by executive order.’’ and 
inserting the following: ‘‘a committee, board, 
council, or organization that is— 
‘‘(A) established by executive order; or 
‘‘(B) not explicitly directed by legislation 
to review the exercise of such duties, powers, 
and authorities by the Secretary or the Admin-
istrator.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A)(ii) by striking 
‘‘the acquisition’’ and all that follows through 
the semicolon and inserting ‘‘the acquisition, es-
tablishment, improvement, operation, mainte-
nance, security (including cybersecurity), and
disposal of property, facilities, services, and 
equipment of the Administration, including all 
elements of the air traffic control system owned 
by the Administration;’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (A)(iii) by striking 
‘‘paragraph (3)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph 
(4)’’; 
(C) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘civil 
aviation, any matter for which the Adminis-
trator is the final authority under subparagraph 
(A), any duty carried out by the Administrator 
pursuant to paragraph (3), or the provisions of 
this title, or’’ after ‘‘with respect to’’; and 
(D) in subparagraph (D)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘(formally or infor-
mally)’’ after ‘‘required’’; and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘or any other Federal 
agency’’ after ‘‘Department of Transpor-
tation’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘In the performance’’ 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(i) ISSUANCE OF REGULATIONS.—In 
the performance’’;
(ii) by striking ‘‘The Administrator 
shall act’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘(ii) PETITIONS FOR RULEMAKING.— 
The Administrator shall act’’; 
(iii) by striking ‘‘The Administrator 
shall issue’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘(iii) RULEMAKING
TIMELINE.—The 
Administrator shall issue’’; and 
(iv) by striking ‘‘On February 1’’ and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(iv) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—On 
February 1’’; and 
(B) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(B) APPROVAL OF SECRETARY OF TRANS-
PORTATION.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator 
may not issue, unless the Secretary of 
Transportation approves the issuance of 
the regulation in advance, a proposed regu-
lation or final regulation that— 
‘‘(I) is likely to result in the ex-
penditure by State, local, and Tribal 
governments in the aggregate, or by 
the private sector, of $250,000,000 or
more (adjusted annually for inflation 
beginning with the year following the 
date of enactment of the Securing 
Growth and Robust Leadership in 
American Aviation Act) in any year; 
or 
‘‘(II) is significant. 
‘‘(ii) 
SIGNIFICANT
DEFINED.—For 
purposes of this paragraph, a regulation is 
significant if the Administrator, in con-
sultation with the Secretary (as appro-
priate), determines that the regulation— 
‘‘(I) will have an annual effect on 
the economy of $250,000,000 or more 
(adjusted annually for inflation begin-
ning with the year following the date 
of enactment of the Securing Growth 
and Robust Leadership in American 
Aviation Act); 
‘‘(II) raises novel or serious legal 
or policy issues that will substantially 
and materially affect other transpor-
tation modes; or 
‘‘(III) adversely affect, in a sub-
stantial and material way, the econ-
omy, a sector of the economy, produc-
tivity, competition, jobs, the environ-
ment, public health or safety, or a 
State, local, or Tribal government or 
communities. 
‘‘(iii) EMERGENCY
REGULATION.—In 
an emergency, the Administrator may issue 
a final regulation described in clause (i) 
without prior approval of the Secretary. If 
the Secretary objects to such regulation in 
writing within 5 days (excluding Saturday, 
Sundays, and legal public holidays) of the 
issuance, the Administrator shall imme-
diately rescind such regulation. 
‘‘(iv) 
OTHER
REGULATIONS.—The 
Secretary may not require that the Admin-
istrator submit a proposed or final regula-
tion to the Secretary for approval, nor may 
the Administrator submit a proposed or 
final regulation to the Secretary for ap-
proval, if the regulation— 
‘‘(I) does not require the Sec-
retary’s approval under clause (i) (ex-
cluding a regulation issued pursuant 
to clause (iii)); or
‘‘(II) is a routine or frequent ac-
tion or a procedural action. 
‘‘(v) TIMELINE.—The Administrator 
shall submit a copy of any proposed or 
final regulation requiring approval by the 
Secretary under clause (i) to the Secretary, 
who shall either approve the regulation or 
return the regulation to the Administrator 
with comments within 30 days after receiv-
ing the regulation. If the Secretary fails to 
approve or return the regulation with com-
ments to the Administrator within 30 days, 
the regulation shall be deemed to have 
been approved by the Secretary. 
‘‘(C) PERIODIC REVIEW.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—In addition to the 
review requirements established under sec-
tion 5.13(d) of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations, the Administrator shall review 
any significant regulation issued 3 years 
after the effective date of the regulation. 
‘‘(ii) DISCRETIONAL
REVIEW.—The 
Administrator may review any regulation 
that has been in effect for more than 3 
years.
‘‘(iii) SUBSTANCE
OF
REVIEW.—In 
performing a review under clause (i) or 
(ii), the Administrator shall determine if— 
‘‘(I) the cost assumptions were 
accurate; 
‘‘(II) the intended benefit of the 
regulation is being realized; 
‘‘(III) the need remains to con-
tinue such regulation as in effect; and 
‘‘(IV) the Administrator rec-
ommends updates to such regulation 
based on the review criteria specified 
in section 5.13(d) of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations. 
‘‘(iv) REVIEW
MANAGEMENT.—Any 
periodic review of a regulation under this 
subparagraph shall be managed by the As-
sistant Administrator for Rulemaking and 
Regulatory Improvement, who may task an 
advisory committee or the Management 
Advisory Council established under sub-
section (p) to assist in performing the re-
view.’’; 
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively; and
(5) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE ADMINIS-
TRATOR.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator 
shall carry out— 
‘‘(i) the duties and powers of the Sec-
retary under this subsection related to 
aviation safety (except those related to 
transportation, packaging, marking, or de-
scription of hazardous material) and stated 
in— 
‘‘(I) subsections (c) and (d) of 
section 1132; 
‘‘(II) 
sections 
40101(c), 
40103(b), 
40106(a), 
40108, 
40109(b), 
40113(a), 
40113(c), 
40113(d), 40113(e), 40114(a), and 
40117; 
‘‘(III) chapter 443; 
‘‘(IV) chapter 445, except sec-
tions 44502(a)(3), 44503, and 44509; 
‘‘(V) chapter 447, except sections 
44721(b), and 44723; 
‘‘(VI) chapter 448;
‘‘(VII) chapter 451; 
‘‘(VIII) chapter 453; 
‘‘(IX) section 46104; 
‘‘(X) subsections (d) and (h)(2) 
of section 46301, section 46303(c), 
sections 46304 through 46308, sec-
tion 46310, section 46311, and sec-
tions 46313 through 46320; 
‘‘(XI) chapter 465; 
‘‘(XII) chapter 471; 
‘‘(XIII) chapter 475; and 
‘‘(XIV) chapter 509 of title 51; 
and 
‘‘(ii) such additional duties and pow-
ers as may be prescribed by the Secretary. 
‘‘(B) APPLICABILITY.—Section 40101(d) 
applies to the duties and powers specified in 
subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(C) TRANSFER.—Any of the duties and 
powers specified in subparagraph (A) may only 
be transferred to another part of the Depart-
ment if specifically provided by law or in a reor-
ganization plan submitted under chapter 9 of 
title 5.
‘‘(D) ADMINISTRATIVE FINALITY.—A deci-
sion of the Administrator in carrying out the 
duties or powers specified in subparagraph (A) 
is administratively final.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (h) of 
section 106 of title 49, United States Code, is repealed. 
(c) PRESERVATION
OF
EXISTING
AUTHORITY.— 
Nothing in this section or the amendments made by this 
section shall be construed to restrict any authority vested 
in the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion by statute or by delegation that was in effect on the 
day before the date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 125. REVIEW OF FAA RULEMAKING PROCESSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall enter into ap-
propriate arrangements with the National Academy of 
Public Administration to evaluate and make recommenda-
tions to improve the Administration’s rulemaking proc-
esses. 
(b) CONTENT OF REVIEW.—In completing the eval-
uation under subsection (a), the National Academy of 
Public Administration shall— 
(1) review Administration and Department of 
Transportation policies and procedures for drafting,
coordinating, reviewing, editing, and approving rule-
making documents; 
(2) review part 11 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations, and section 106 of title 49, United 
States Code— 
(A) as such section was in effect the day 
before the date of enactment of this Act; and 
(B) as amended by this Act; and 
(3) include in the review— 
(A) 
advanced 
notices 
of 
proposed 
rulemakings; 
(B) notices of proposed rulemakings; 
(C) supplemental proposed rulemakings; 
(D) interim final rules; and 
(E) final rules, including direct final rules. 
(c) METHOD OF REVIEW.—As part of the evaluation 
under this section, the National Academy of Public Ad-
ministration shall analyze the scoping, drafting, analysis, 
and approval processes, including examining incidents in 
which a rule was referred back to a program office for 
revision, and the timeline associated with each review and 
step for— 
(1) at least 7 rules completed by the Adminis-
tration since 2012, including—
(A) at least 2 rules that leveraged the 
work of an aviation rulemaking committee; 
(B) at least 2 rules considered significant 
as defined in section 106(f)(3)(B)(ii) (as 
amended by this Act); and 
(C) at least 1 rule promulgated through 
rules considered routine and frequent in the 
Department’s Regulatory Agenda; and 
(2) at least 2 rulemaking processes where a no-
tice of proposed rulemaking has not been followed by 
a final rule for more than 3 years. 
(d) REPORT.—The National Academy of Public Ad-
ministration shall provide to the Administrator, Secretary 
of Transportation, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate a report containing the results of the evaluation 
required under subsection (a). The contents of the report 
shall— 
(1) identify procedural or resource constraints; 
(2) identify inefficiencies in the process, includ-
ing any causes of delays; 
(3) provide recommendations for expediting 
rulemakings, including—
(A) ways to improve the efficiency of the 
scoping process for rulemaking; 
(B) the use of new routine and frequent 
rulemakings to allow for the expediting of ac-
tivities that may be routinely needed or up-
dated; 
(C) the use of rules of applicability to pro-
vide for the expediting of activities that may be 
routinely needed or updated; 
(D) the use of frameworks or shell rules to 
improve the efficiency of drafting; 
(E) the use of aviation rulemaking commit-
tees; and 
(F) internal process improvements; and 
(4) not review the policy merits of the reviewed 
rulemakings, except to the extent that there are con-
clusions that can be drawn from the processes used 
to develop such rules. 
(e) ACCESS TO DOCUMENTS.—The Administration 
and Department shall provide the National Academy of 
Public Administration access, as appropriate, to— 
(1) the electronic management software the Ad-
ministration uses to track internal processing of 
draft documents;
(2) appropriately redacted communications be-
tween offices and personnel that were used to coordi-
nate work outside of the electronic software; and 
(3) such other documents and records, includ-
ing predecisional documents and records, that will 
assist the National Academy of Public Administra-
tion in completing the evaluation required under 
subsection (a). 
SEC. 126. OFFICE OF INNOVATION. 
Section 106 of title 49, United States Code, is further 
amended by striking subsection (g) and inserting the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(g) OFFICE OF INNOVATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is established within 
the Federal Aviation Administration an Office of In-
novation (in this subsection referred to as the ‘Of-
fice’) comprised of employees of the Administration 
who shall— 
‘‘(A) have a diverse set of expertise; 
‘‘(B) assist the leadership of the Adminis-
tration and the Management Board of the Ad-
ministration with— 
‘‘(i) scoping complex regulatory issues 
and drafting documents on topics that
span multiple offices or lines of business of 
the Administration; 
‘‘(ii) evaluating internal processes; 
and 
‘‘(iii) positioning the Administration 
to support aerospace innovation; and 
‘‘(C) receive taskings from the leadership 
of the Administration and the Management 
Board of the Administration, as determined 
necessary by such individuals, and work collabo-
ratively with relevant program offices of the Ad-
ministration, as necessary, to respond to such 
taskings. 
‘‘(2) APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS.— 
‘‘(A) APPOINTMENTS.—The Administrator 
shall appoint a maximum of 15 employees to 
serve a 2-year term as a member of the Office 
of Innovation with at least 1 employee ap-
pointed from each of the following: 
‘‘(i) Office of Aviation Safety. 
‘‘(ii) The Air Traffic Organization. 
‘‘(iii) Office of Airports. 
‘‘(iv) Office of Security and Haz-
ardous Materials Safety.
‘‘(v) When authority under chapter 
509 of title 51 is explicitly delegated by the 
Secretary of Transportation to the Admin-
istrator, the Office of Commercial Space 
Transportation. 
‘‘(vi) Office of the Chief Counsel. 
‘‘(vii) Office of Policy, International 
Affairs, and Environment. 
‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—The Office may 
consult, as necessary, with other personnel of 
the Administration. 
‘‘(3) SELECTION OF MEMBERS.—An employee 
appointed under paragraph (2)— 
‘‘(A) may be appointed from nominations 
made by Associate Administrators, Assistant 
Administrators, and the Chief Counsel of the 
Administration; 
‘‘(B) shall not be a senior executive of the 
Administration; 
‘‘(C) shall have been an employee of the 
Administration for at least 2 years; and 
‘‘(D) shall have expertise in the authorities 
and duties of the respective office of the em-
ployee.
‘‘(4) INNOVATION OFFICE LEAD.—The Admin-
istrator shall appoint a lead of the Office who shall 
report to the leadership of the Administration and 
who— 
‘‘(A) may have a set term, as determined 
by the Administrator; 
‘‘(B) shall manage the personnel and ac-
tivities of such Office; and 
‘‘(C) may be a detailed employee of any of-
fice of the Administration, notwithstanding the 
numerical limits placed on appointments in 
paragraph (2)(A). 
‘‘(5) STATUS.—An appointment of an employee 
to the Office established under this subsection shall 
not impact the status or position of such employee 
in the respective office of such employee and such 
employee shall be considered a detailed employee to 
the Office of Innovation. 
‘‘(6) RESOURCES.—The Administrator shall 
provide resources and staff, as necessary, to the Of-
fice to support the activities of the Office described 
in paragraph (1), not to exceed more than 6 full- 
time equivalent positions, including any necessary 
project managers.’’.
SEC. 127. FRANK A. LOBIONDO NATIONAL AEROSPACE 
SAFETY AND SECURITY CAMPUS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The campus and grounds of the 
Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center located 
at the Atlantic City International Airport in Egg Harbor 
Township, New Jersey, shall be known and designated as 
the ‘‘Frank A. LoBiondo National Aerospace Safety and 
Security Campus’’. 
(b) REFERENCE.—Any reference in a law, map, regu-
lation, document, paper, or other record of the United 
States to the campus and grounds at the Federal Aviation 
Administration Technical Center referred to in subsection 
(a) shall be deemed to be a reference to the ‘‘Frank A. 
LoBiondo National Aerospace Safety and Security Cam-
pus’’. 
SEC. 128. TECHNICAL CENTER FOR ADVANCED AERO-
SPACE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 106 of title 49, United 
States Code, is further amended by inserting after sub-
section (g) (as added by section 126) the following: 
‘‘(h) TECHNICAL CENTER
FOR ADVANCED AERO-
SPACE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is established within 
the Administration a technology center located at 
the Frank A. LoBiondo National Aerospace Safety 
and Security Campus to support the advancement of
aerospace safety and innovation which shall be 
known as the ‘William J. Hughes Technical Center 
for Advanced Aerospace’ (in this subsection referred 
to as the ‘Technical Center’) that shall be used by 
the Administrator and, as permitted by the Adminis-
trator, other governmental entities, academia, and 
the aerospace industry. 
‘‘(2) MANAGEMENT.—The activities of the 
Technical Center shall be managed by a Director. 
‘‘(3) ACTIVITIES.—The activities of the Tech-
nical Center shall include— 
‘‘(A) developing and stimulating technology 
partnerships with and between industry, aca-
demia, and other government agencies and sup-
porting such partnerships by— 
‘‘(i) liaising between external persons 
and offices of the Administration inter-
ested in such work; 
‘‘(ii) providing technical expertise and 
input, as appropriate; and 
‘‘(iii) providing access to the prop-
erties, facilities, and systems of the Tech-
nical Center through appropriate agree-
ments;
‘‘(B) managing technology demonstration 
grants awarded by the Administrator; 
‘‘(C) identifying software, systems, serv-
ices, and technologies that could improve avia-
tion safety and the operations and management 
of the air traffic control system and working 
with relevant offices of the Administration to 
consider the use and integration of such soft-
ware, systems, services, and technologies, as ap-
propriate; 
‘‘(D) supporting the work of any collocated 
facilities and tenants of such facilities, and to 
the extent feasible, enter into agreements as 
necessary to utilize the facilities, systems, and 
technologies of such collocated facilities and 
tenants; 
‘‘(E) managing the facilities of the Tech-
nical Center and the Frank A. LoBiondo Na-
tional Aerospace Safety and Security Campus; 
and 
‘‘(F) carrying out any other duties as de-
termined appropriate by the Administrator.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 44507 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘(a) CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INSTI-
TUTE’’ and all that follows through ‘‘The Civil 
Aeromedical Institute established’’ and inserting 
‘‘The Civil Aeromedical Institute established’’; and 
(2) by striking subsection (b). 
SEC. 129. OFFICE OF NEXTGEN SUNSET. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall terminate the 
Office of NextGen. 
(b) CLOSURE PROCESS.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall transfer duties, authorities, 
activities, personnel, and assets managed by the Office of 
NextGen to other officials of the Administration, as appro-
priate, including— 
(1) transferring such duties, authorities, activi-
ties, personnel, and assets to— 
(A) the Director of the William J. Hughes 
Technical Center for Advanced Aerospace es-
tablished under subsection 106(h) of title 49, 
United States Code; 
(B) the Assistant Administrator for Fi-
nance and Management; 
(C) the Chief Operating Officer of the Air 
Traffic Control System; and
(D) other officials of the Administration, 
as determined by the Administrator; and 
(2) transferring management of the NextGen 
Advisory Committee to the Chief Operating Officer 
of the Air Traffic Control System. 
SEC. 130. FAA OMBUDSMAN. 
Section 106 of title 49, United States Code, is further 
amended by striking subsection (i) and inserting the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(i) FAA OMBUDSMAN.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established 
within the Federal Aviation Administration an Om-
budsman who shall coordinate or facilitate the adju-
dication of covered submissions. 
‘‘(2) OMBUDSMAN.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Ombudsman shall 
be appointed by the Administrator and report 
to the Assistant Administrator for Government 
and Industry Affairs. 
‘‘(B) TERM.—The Ombudsman shall be 
appointed for a term of 5 years. 
‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The duties of the Ombudsman 
shall be as follows: 
‘‘(A) Work with the relevant offices within 
the Administration to—
‘‘(i) with respect to a covered submis-
sion, resolve, provide a status update, or 
provide clarity on the status of such sub-
missions; 
‘‘(ii) bring to the attention of the rel-
evant office of the Administration con-
cerns, as necessary, regarding Administra-
tion processes or considerations discovered 
while coordinating an activity related to a 
covered submission under this subsection; 
and 
‘‘(iii) address any gaps and commu-
nication lapses in Administration coordina-
tion processes. 
‘‘(B) Determine if, based on a coordinated 
activity carried out under this subsection, re-
consideration with respect to covered submis-
sions or administrative actions are necessary 
and report to the Administrator or the relevant 
office within the Administration with rec-
ommendations relating to such reconsideration. 
‘‘(C) Determine if trends materialize that 
could warrant process, procedural, or resource 
changes and report recommendations regarding
‘‘(ii) whether the subject or outcome 
of a covered submission is alleged to be— 
‘‘(I) contrary to law or regula-
tion; 
‘‘(II) arbitrary and capricious; or 
‘‘(III) performed in an unreason-
ably inefficient or untimely manner; 
and 
‘‘(iii) such other factors as the Om-
budsman considers appropriate. 
‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—With regard to a cov-
ered submission concerning an activity relating 
to an alleged violation of an order, a regulation, 
or any other provision of Federal law by the 
Administration or whistleblower retaliation, the 
Ombudsman shall refer such covered submis-
sion to the appropriate Federal entity to adju-
dicate or investigate the subject of such submis-
sion. 
‘‘(C) COOPERATION.—The Administrator 
shall ensure that the officers and employees of 
the Administration fully cooperate with the ac-
tivities of the Ombudsman and provide such in-
formation, documents, or materials as may be 
requested by the Ombudsman.
‘‘(5) RESPONSE REQUIREMENT.—The Ombuds-
man shall ensure that the Administration provides 
an initial response to or status update on covered 
submissions within 10 business days of the Ombuds-
man receiving such submission. 
‘‘(6) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
‘‘(A) ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION.—The term 
‘administrative action’ means— 
‘‘(i) an action taken by the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion to issue, deny, modify, or revoke a cer-
tificate, registration, approval, waiver, li-
cense, exemption, determination, interpre-
tation, or any other authorizing action; or 
‘‘(ii) the lack of any action (or activity 
related to an action) described in clause (i) 
necessary to be taken by the Adminis-
trator. 
‘‘(B) COVERED
SUBMISSION.—The term 
‘covered submission’ means an inquiry or objec-
tion relating to— 
‘‘(i) an aircraft, aircraft engine, pro-
peller, or appliance certification; 
‘‘(ii) an airman or pilot certificate, in-
cluding scheduling an associated appoint-
ment with Administration personnel or 
designees; 
‘‘(iii) a medical certificate; 
‘‘(iv) an operator certificate; 
‘‘(v) when authority under chapter 
509 of title 51 is explicitly delegated by the 
Secretary of Transportation to the Admin-
istrator, a license or permit issued under 
chapter 509 of title 51; 
‘‘(vi) an aircraft registration; 
‘‘(vii) an operational approval, waiver, 
or exemption; 
‘‘(viii) a legal interpretation; 
‘‘(ix) an outstanding determination; 
‘‘(x) an application of agency guid-
ance; and 
‘‘(xi) any certificate not otherwise de-
scribed in this subparagraph that is issued 
pursuant to chapter 447.’’. 
SEC. 131. PROJECT DASHBOARDS AND FEEDBACK PORTAL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Ombudsman of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall, in reviewing Administration 
processes, receiving, reviewing, and responding to covered 
submissions, and through general due diligence, determine 
whether a publicly facing dashboard that provides appli-
cants with the status of an application before the agency 
would be— 
(1) beneficial to applicants; 
(2) an efficient use of resources to build, main-
tain, and update; or 
(3) duplicative with other efforts within the Ad-
ministration to streamline and digitize paperwork 
and certification processes to provide an applicant 
with a greater awareness of the status of an applica-
tion before the Administration. 
(b) RECOMMENDATION.—Not later than 30 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ombudsman 
shall provide a recommendation to the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration regarding the need 
or benefits of a dashboard or other means by which to 
track an application status. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 45 days after receiv-
ing recommendations under subsection (b), the Adminis-
trator shall brief the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the Senate on— 
(1) any recommendation received from the Om-
budsman; and
(2) any activities the Administrator is taking in 
response to such recommendation. 
(d) FAA FEEDBACK PORTAL.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Ombudsman shall, 
through interacting with the public and general due 
diligence, determine whether a publicly facing portal 
on the website through which the public may provide 
feedback to the Administrator about experiences 
they have working with personnel of the Administra-
tion would be beneficial. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The Ombudsman shall 
ensure any portal established under this subsection 
asks questions that seek to gauge any shortcomings 
the Administration has in fulfilling its mission or 
areas where the Administration is succeeding in 
meetings its mission. 
(e) COVERED SUBMISSION.—In this section, the term 
‘‘covered submission’’ has the meaning given the term in 
subsection 106(i) of title 49, United States Code. 
SEC. 132. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FAA ENGAGEMENT DUR-
ING RULEMAKING ACTIVITIES. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration should engage with aviation stake-
holder groups and the public during pre-drafting
stages of rulemaking activities and use, to the great-
est extent practicable, properly docketed ex-parte 
discussions during rulemaking activities in order 
to— 
(A) inform the work of the Administrator; 
(B) assist the Administrator in developing 
the scope of a rule; and 
(C) reduce the timeline for issuance of pro-
posed and final rules; and 
(2) when it would reduce the time required for 
the Administrator to adjudicate public comments, 
the Administrator should publicly provide informa-
tion describing the rationale behind a regulatory de-
cision included in proposed regulations in order to 
better allow for the public to provide clear and in-
formed comments on such regulations. 
SEC. 133. CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INSTITUTE. 
Section 106(j) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘There is’’ and inserting ‘‘CIVIL 
AEROMEDICAL INSTITUTE.—There is’’. 
SEC. 134. MANAGEMENT ADVISORY COUNCIL. 
Section 106 of title 49, United States Code, is further 
amended—
(1) by transferring paragraph (8) of subsection 
(p) to subsection (r) and redesignating such para-
graph as paragraph (7); and 
(2) by striking subsection (p) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(p) MANAGEMENT ADVISORY COUNCIL.— 
‘‘(1) 
ESTABLISHMENT.—The 
Administrator 
shall establish an advisory council which shall be 
known as the Federal Aerospace Management Advi-
sory Council (in this subsection referred to as the 
‘Council’). 
‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Council shall consist 
of 13 members, who shall consist of— 
‘‘(A) a designee of the Secretary of Trans-
portation; 
‘‘(B) a designee of the Secretary of De-
fense; 
‘‘(C) 5 members representing aerospace 
and technology interests, appointed by the Ad-
ministrator; 
‘‘(D) 5 members representing aerospace 
and technology interests, appointed by the Sec-
retary of Transportation; and 
‘‘(E) 1 member, appointed by the Sec-
retary of Transportation, who is the head of a
union representing air traffic control system 
employees. 
‘‘(3) QUALIFICATIONS.—No officer or employee 
of the United States Government may be appointed 
to the Council under subparagraph (C) or (D) of 
paragraph (2). 
‘‘(4) FUNCTIONS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(i) ADVISE; COUNSEL.—The Council 
shall provide advice and counsel to the Ad-
ministrator on issues which affect or are 
affected by the activities of the Adminis-
trator. 
‘‘(ii) RESOURCE.—The Council shall 
function as an oversight resource for man-
agement, policy, spending, and regulatory 
matters under the jurisdiction of the Ad-
ministrator. 
‘‘(iii) SUBMISSIONS
TO
ADMINISTRA-
TION.—With respect to Administration 
management, policy, spending, funding, 
data management and analysis, safety ini-
tiatives, international agreements, activities 
of the International Civil Aviation Organi-
zation, and regulatory matters affecting
the aerospace industry and the national 
airspace system, the Council may— 
‘‘(I) regardless of whether solic-
ited by the Administrator, submit 
comments, 
recommended 
modifica-
tions, proposals, and supporting or 
dissenting views to the Administrator; 
and 
‘‘(II) request the Administrator 
include in any submission to Con-
gress, the Secretary, or the general 
public, and in any submission for pub-
lication in the Federal Register, a de-
scription 
of 
the 
comments, 
rec-
ommended modifications, and dis-
senting or supporting views received 
from the Council under subclause (I). 
‘‘(iv) REASONING.—Together with a 
Council submission that is published or de-
scribed under clause (iii)(II), the Adminis-
trator shall provide the reasons for any dif-
ferences between the views of the Council 
and the views or actions of the Adminis-
trator.
‘‘(v) COST-BENEFIT
ANALYSIS.—The 
Council shall review the rulemaking cost- 
benefit analysis process and develop rec-
ommendations to improve the analysis and 
ensure that the public interest is fully pro-
tected. 
‘‘(vi) PROCESS REVIEW.—The Council 
shall review the process through which the 
Administration determines to use advisory 
circulars, service bulletins, and other exter-
nally facing guidance and regulatory mate-
rial. 
‘‘(B) MEETINGS.—The Council shall meet 
on a regular and periodic basis or at the call of 
the chair or of the Administrator. 
‘‘(C) 
ACCESS
TO
DOCUMENTS
AND 
STAFF.—The Administration may give the 
Council appropriate access to relevant docu-
ments and personnel of the Administration, and 
the Administrator shall make available, con-
sistent with the authority to withhold commer-
cial and other proprietary information under 
section 552 of title 5 (commonly known as the 
‘Freedom of Information Act’), cost data associ-
ated with the acquisition and operation of air 
traffic service systems. 
‘‘(D) DISCLOSURE
OF
COMMERCIAL
OR 
PROPRIETARY
DATA.—Any member of the 
Council who receives commercial or other pro-
prietary data as provided for in this paragraph 
from the Administrator shall be subject to the 
provisions of section 1905 of title 18, pertaining 
to unauthorized disclosure of such information. 
‘‘(5) APPLICATION OF CHAPTER 10 OF TITLE 
5.—Chapter 10 of title 5 does not apply to— 
‘‘(A) the Council; 
‘‘(B) such aviation rulemaking committees 
as the Administrator shall designate; or 
‘‘(C) such aerospace rulemaking commit-
tees as the Secretary shall designate. 
‘‘(6) ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS.— 
‘‘(A) TERMS.—Members of the Council ap-
pointed under paragraph (2)(C) shall be ap-
pointed for a term of 3 years. 
‘‘(B) TERM
FOR
AIR
TRAFFIC
CONTROL 
REPRESENTATIVE.—The 
member 
appointed 
under paragraph (2)(D) shall be appointed for 
a term of 3 years, except that the term of such 
individual shall end whenever the individual no
longer meets the requirements of paragraph 
(2)(D). 
‘‘(C) VACANCY.—Any vacancy on the 
Council shall be filled in the same manner as 
the original appointment, except that any mem-
ber appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before 
the expiration of the term for which the mem-
ber’s predecessor was appointed shall be ap-
pointed for the remainder of that term. 
‘‘(D) CONTINUATION IN OFFICE.—A mem-
ber of the Council whose term expires shall con-
tinue to serve until the date on which the mem-
ber’s successor takes office. 
‘‘(E) REMOVAL.—Any member of the 
Council appointed under paragraph (2) may be 
removed for cause by whomever makes the ap-
pointment. 
‘‘(F) CHAIR; VICE
CHAIR.—The Council 
shall elect a chair and a vice chair from among 
the members appointed under subparagraphs 
(C) and (D) of paragraph (2), each of whom 
shall serve for a term of 1 year. The vice chair 
shall perform the duties of the chair in the ab-
sence of the chair.
‘‘(G) TRAVEL
AND
PER
DIEM.—Each 
member of the Council shall be paid actual 
travel expenses, and per diem in lieu of subsist-
ence expenses when away from the usual place 
of residence of the member, in accordance with 
section 5703 of title 5. 
‘‘(H) DETAIL OF PERSONNEL FROM THE 
ADMINISTRATION.—The 
Administrator 
shall 
make available to the Council such staff, infor-
mation, and administrative services and assist-
ance as may reasonably be required to enable 
the Council to carry out its responsibilities 
under this subsection.’’. 
SEC. 135. AVIATION NOISE OFFICER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 106 of title 49, United 
States Code, is further amended by striking subsection (q) 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘(q) AVIATION NOISE OFFICER.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administration has an 
Aviation Noise Officer, who shall be appointed by 
the Administrator. 
‘‘(2) REGIONAL OFFICERS.—The Aviation Noise 
Officer shall designate, within each region of the Ad-
ministration, a Regional Aviation Noise Officer.
‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The Aviation Noise Officer, in 
coordination with the Regional Aviation Noise Offi-
cers, shall— 
‘‘(A) serve as a liaison with the public, in-
cluding community groups, on issues regarding 
aircraft noise; 
‘‘(B) make recommendations to the Ad-
ministrator to address concerns raised by the 
public; and 
‘‘(C) be consulted when the Administration 
proposes changes in aircraft routes so as to 
minimize any increases in aircraft noise over 
populated areas. 
‘‘(4) NUMBER OF FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT EM-
PLOYEES.—The appointment of an Aviation Noise 
Officer under this subsection shall not result in an 
increase in the number of full-time equivalent em-
ployees in the Administration.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 180 of the 
FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 106 note) 
and the items relating to such section in the table of con-
tents contained in section 1(b) of that Act, are repealed. 
SEC. 136. CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER. 
Section 106(r) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking subparagraph (A) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(A) APPOINTMENT.—There shall be a 
Chief Operating Officer for the air traffic con-
trol system that is appointed by the Adminis-
trator and subject to the authority of the Ad-
ministrator.’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (E) by striking ‘‘shall 
be appointed for the remainder of that term’’ 
and inserting ‘‘may be appointed for either the 
remainder of the term or for a full term’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘, with the ap-
proval of the Air Traffic Services Committee’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘, in consultation with the 
Air Traffic Services Committee,’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘annual basis.’’ and insert-
ing— ‘‘annual basis and shall include responsi-
bility for— 
‘‘(A) the state of good repair of the air traffic 
control system; 
‘‘(B) the continuous improvement of the safety 
and efficiency of the air traffic control system; and
‘‘(C) identifying services and solutions to in-
crease the safety and efficiency of airspace use and 
to support the safe integration of all airspace 
users.’’; 
(4) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘such informa-
tion as may be prescribed by the Secretary’’ and in-
serting ‘‘the annual performance agreement required 
under paragraph (3), an assessment of the perform-
ance of the Chief Operating Officer in relation to the 
performance goals in the previous year’s perform-
ance agreement, and such other information as may 
be prescribed by the Administrator’’; and 
(5) in paragraph (5)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘Chief Operating Officer, 
or any other authority within the Administra-
tion responsibilities, including’’ and inserting 
‘‘Chief Operating Officer any authority of the 
Administrator and shall delegate, at a min-
imum’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (A)— 
(i) in clause (iii) by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(ii) in clause (iv) by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(v) plans to integrate new entrant 
operations into the national airspace sys-
tem and associated action items.’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (C)(ii) by striking 
‘‘and the Committee’’. 
SEC. 137. REPORT ON UNFUNDED CAPITAL INVESTMENT 
NEEDS OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM. 
Section 106(r) of title 49, United States Code, is fur-
ther amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) UNFUNDED CAPITAL INVESTMENT NEEDS 
REPORT.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 10 
days after the date on which the budget of the 
President for a fiscal year is submitted to Con-
gress pursuant to section 1150 of title 31, the 
Chief Operating Officer shall submit directly to 
the Administrator, the Secretary, the Com-
mittee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives, and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate a report on any unfunded 
capital investment needs of the air traffic con-
trol system.
‘‘(B) CONTENTS OF REPORT.—The report 
required under subparagraph (A) shall include, 
for each unfunded capital investment need, the 
following: 
‘‘(i) A summary description of such 
unfunded capital investment need. 
‘‘(ii) Objective to be achieved if such 
unfunded capital investment need is fund-
ed in whole or in part. 
‘‘(iii) The additional amount of funds 
recommended in connection with such ob-
jective. 
‘‘(iv) The Budget Line Item Program 
and Budget Line Item number associated 
with such unfunded capital investment 
need, as applicable. 
‘‘(v) Any statutory requirement asso-
ciated with such unfunded capital invest-
ment need, as applicable. 
‘‘(C) 
PRIORITIZATION
OF
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—The report required under subpara-
graph (A) shall present unfunded capital invest-
ment needs in overall urgency of priority. 
‘‘(D) DEFINITION OF UNFUNDED CAPITAL 
INVESTMENT
NEED.—In this paragraph the
term ‘unfunded capital investment need’ means 
a program that— 
‘‘(i) is not funded in the budget of the 
President for the fiscal year as submitted 
to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of 
title 31; 
‘‘(ii) is for infrastructure or a system 
related to necessary modernization or 
sustainment of the air traffic control sys-
tem; 
‘‘(iii) is listed for any year in the most 
recent National Airspace System Capital 
Investment Plan of the Administration; 
and 
‘‘(iv) would have been recommended 
for funding through the budget referred to 
in subparagraph (A) by the Chief Oper-
ating Officer if— 
‘‘(I) additional resources had 
been available for the budget to fund 
the program, activity, or mission re-
quirement; or 
‘‘(II) the program, activity, or 
mission requirement has emerged 
since the budget was formulated.’’.
SEC. 138. CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER. 
Section 106(s) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
‘‘There shall be’’ and all that follows through 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘The Chief 
Technology Officer shall be appointed by the 
Chief Operating Officer of the air traffic control 
system with the consent of the Administrator.’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ‘‘man-
agement’’ and inserting ‘‘management, systems 
management,’’; 
(C) by striking subparagraph (D); 
(D) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
through (C) as subparagraphs (B) through (D), 
respectively; and 
(E) by inserting before subparagraph (B), 
as so redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—There shall be a 
Chief Technology Officer for the air traffic con-
trol system that shall report directly to the 
Chief Operating Officer of the air traffic control 
system.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)—
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘pro-
gram’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (F) by striking ‘‘air-
craft operators’’ and inserting ‘‘the Administra-
tion, aircraft operators, or other private pro-
viders of information and services related to air 
traffic management’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘The 
Chief Technology Officer shall be subject to the 
postemployment provisions of section 207 of 
title 18 as if the position of Chief Technology 
Officer 
were 
described 
in 
section 
207(c)(2)(A)(i) of that title.’’; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as 
subparagraph (C); and 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 
the following: 
‘‘(B) 
POST-EMPLOYMENT.—The 
Chief 
Technology Officer shall be subject to the 
postemployment provisions of section 207 of 
title 18 as if the position of Chief Technology 
Officer 
were 
described 
in 
section 
207(c)(2)(A)(i) of such title.’’.
SEC. 139. DEFINITION OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM. 
Section 40102(a)(47) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (C) by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (D) by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(E) systems, software, and hardware op-
erated, owned, and maintained by third parties 
that support or directly provide air navigation 
information and air traffic management services 
with Administration approval.’’. 
SEC. 140. PEER REVIEW OF OFFICE OF WHISTLEBLOWER 
PROTECTION AND AVIATION SAFETY INVES-
TIGATIONS. 
Section 106(t) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (7); 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(7) DEPARTMENT
OF
TRANSPORTATION
OF-
FICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL PEER REVIEW.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of the Securing 
Growth and Robust Leadership in American
Aviation Act, and every 5 years thereafter, the 
inspector general of the Department of Trans-
portation shall perform a peer review of the Of-
fice of Whistleblower Protection and Aviation 
Safety Investigations. 
‘‘(B) PEER REVIEW SCOPE.—In completing 
the peer reviews required under this paragraph, 
the inspector general shall use the most recent 
peer review guides published by the Council of 
the Inspectors General on Integrity and Effi-
ciency Audit Committee and Investigations 
Committee. 
‘‘(C) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.—Not later 
than 90 days after the completion of a peer re-
view required under this paragraph, the inspec-
tor general shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate a description of any actions taken or to be 
taken to address the results of the peer re-
view.’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (8)(B) by striking the comma.
SEC. 141. CYBERSECURITY LEAD. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall designate an executive of 
the Administration to serve as the lead for the cybersecu-
rity of Administration systems and hardware (hereinafter 
referred to as the ‘‘Cybersecurity Lead’’). 
(b) DUTIES.—The Cybersecurity Lead shall carry out 
duties and powers prescribed by the Administrator, includ-
ing the management of activities required under subtitle 
B of title VI of the Securing Growth and Robust Leader-
ship in American Aviation Act. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 1 and 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Cybersecurity Lead 
shall provide a briefing to the Committee on Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate on the implementation of subtitle B 
of title VI of the Securing Growth and Robust Leadership 
in American Aviation Act. 
SEC. 142. REDUCING FAA WASTE, INEFFICIENCY, AND UN-
NECESSARY RESPONSIBILITIES. 
(a) ANNUAL REPORT ON AVIATION ACTIVITIES.— 
Section 308 of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (b); 
(2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (b); and
(3) by redesignating subsection (e) as sub-
section (c). 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT ON THE PURCHASE OF FOR-
EIGN MANUFACTURED ARTICLES.—Section 40110(d) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking para-
graph (5). 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT ON ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN 
AVIATION AUTHORITIES.—Section 40113(e) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (4); and 
(2) by redesignating paragraph (5) as para-
graph (4). 
(d) AIP ANNUAL REPORT.—Section 47131 of title 
49, United States Code, and the item relating to such sec-
tion in the analysis for chapter 471 of such title, are re-
pealed. 
(e) TRANSFER OF AIRPORT LAND USE COMPLIANCE 
REPORT TO NPIAS.—Section 47103 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub-
section (e); and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(d) NON-COMPLIANT AIRPORTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall include 
in the plan a detailed statement listing airports the 
Secretary has reason to believe are not in compliance 
with grant assurances or other requirements with re-
spect to airport lands and shall include— 
‘‘(A) the circumstances of noncompliance; 
‘‘(B) the timeline for corrective action with 
respect to such noncompliance; and 
‘‘(C) any corrective action the Secretary 
intends to require to bring the airport sponsor 
into compliance. 
‘‘(2) LISTING.—The Secretary is not required 
to conduct an audit or make a final determination 
before including an airport on the list referred to in 
paragraph (1).’’. 
(f) NOTICE TO AIRPORT SPONSORS REGARDING PUR-
CHASE
OF AMERICAN MADE EQUIPMENT
AND PROD-
UCTS.—Section 306 of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion Authorization Act of 1994 (49 U.S.C. 50101 note) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘(a)’’ and all 
that follows through ‘‘It is the sense’’ and inserting 
‘‘It is the sense’’; and 
(2) by striking subsection (b).
(g) OBSOLETE
AVIATION
SECURITY
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—Sections 302, 307, 309, and 310 of the Federal 
Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996 (Public Law 104– 
264), and the items relating to such sections in the table 
of contents in section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
(h) REGULATION OF ALASKA GUIDE PILOTS.—Sec-
tion 732 of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and 
Reform Act for the 21st Century (49 U.S.C. 44701 note) 
is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (b); 
(2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (b); and 
(3) in subsection (b), as so redesignated— 
(A) in the heading by striking ‘‘DEFINI-
TIONS’’ and inserting ‘‘DEFINITION OF ALASKA 
GUIDE PILOT’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘, the following definitions 
apply’’ and all that follows through ‘‘The term 
‘Alaska guide pilot’ ’’ and inserting ‘‘the term 
‘Alaska guide pilot’ ’’; and 
(C) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
through (C) as paragraphs (1) through (3) (and 
adjusting the margins accordingly). 
(i) NEXT GENERATION AIR TRANSPORTATION SEN-
IOR POLICY COMMITTEE.—Section 710 of the Vision 100–
Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act (49 U.S.C. 
40101 note), and the item relating to such section in the 
table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
(j) IMPROVED PILOT LICENSES AND PILOT LICENSE 
RULEMAKING.— 
(1) INTELLIGENCE
REFORM
AND
TERRORISM 
PREVENTION ACT.—Section 4022 of the Intelligence 
Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (49 
U.S.C. 44703 note), and the item relating to such 
section in the table of contents in section 1(b) of 
such Act, are repealed. 
(2) FAA MODERNIZATION AND REFORM ACT OF 
2012.—Section 321 of the FAA Modernization and 
Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 44703 note), and 
the item relating to such section in the table of con-
tents in section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
(k) TECHNICAL TRAINING AND STAFFING STUDY.— 
Section 605 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act 
of 2012 (Public Law 112–95) is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (a); 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘(B) WORKLOAD OF SYS-
TEMS SPECIALISTS.—’’; and 
(B) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(1) 
through (3) as subsections (a) through (c) (and
adjust the margins and header casing appro-
priately); and 
(3) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated) by 
striking ‘‘paragraph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection 
(a)’’. 
(l) FERRY FLIGHT DUTY PERIOD AND FLIGHT TIME 
RULEMAKINGS.—Section 345 of the FAA Modernization 
and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 44701 note), and the 
item relating to such section in the table of contents in 
section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
(m) LASER POINTER INCIDENT REPORTS.—Section 
2104 of FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 
(49 U.S.C. 46301 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘quarterly’’ 
and inserting ‘‘annually’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) REPORT SUNSET.—Subsection (a) shall cease to 
be effective after September 30, 2028.’’. 
(n) COLD WEATHER PROJECTS BRIEFING.—Section 
156 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 
47112 note) is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (b); and 
(2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (b).
TITLE II—GENERAL AVIATION 
Subtitle A—Expanding Pilot 
Privileges and Protections 
SEC. 201. REEXAMINATION OF PILOTS OR CERTIFICATE 
HOLDERS. 
The Pilot’s Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 44703 note) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 5. REEXAMINATION OF AN AIRMAN CERTIFICATE. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall provide 
timely, written notification to an individual subject to a 
reexamination of an airman certificate issued under chap-
ter 447 of title 49, United States Code. 
‘‘(b) INFORMATION REQUIRED.—In providing notifi-
cation under subsection (a), the Administrator shall in-
form the individual— 
‘‘(1) of the nature of the reexamination and the 
specific activity on which the reexamination is neces-
sitated; 
‘‘(2) that the reexamination shall occur within 
1 year from the date of the notice provided by the 
Administrator, after which, if the reexamination is 
not conducted, the airman certificate may be sus-
pended or revoked; and
‘‘(3) when, as determined by the Administrator, 
an oral or written response to the notification from 
the Administrator is not required. 
‘‘(c) EXCEPTION.—Nothing in this section prohibits 
the Administrator from reexamining a certificate holder 
if the Administrator has reasonable grounds— 
‘‘(1) to establish that an airman may not be 
qualified to exercise the privileges of a certificate or 
rating based upon an act or omission committed by 
the airman while exercising such privileges or per-
forming ancillary duties associated with the exercise 
of such privileges; or 
‘‘(2) to demonstrate that the airman obtained 
such a certificate or rating through fraudulent 
means or through an examination that was substan-
tially and inadequate to establish the qualifications 
of an airman. 
‘‘(d) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—An order issued by the 
Administrator to amend, modify, suspend, or revoke an 
airman certificate after reexamination of the airman is 
subject to the standard of review provided for under sec-
tion 2 of this Act.’’. 
SEC. 202. GAO REVIEW OF PILOT’S BILL OF RIGHTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General
of the United States shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate a study of the imple-
mentation of the Pilot’s Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 44703 
note). 
(b) CONTENTS.—In conducting the study under sub-
section (a), the Comptroller General shall review— 
(1) the implementation and application of the 
Pilot’s Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 44703 note); 
(2) the application of the Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure and the Federal Rules of Evidence to cov-
ered proceedings by the National Transportation 
Safety Board, as required by section 2 of the Pilot’s 
Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 44703 note); 
(3) the appeal process and the typical length of 
time associated with a final determination in a cov-
ered proceeding; and 
(4) any impacts of the implementation of the 
Pilot’s Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 44703 note). 
(c) COVERED PROCEEDINGS.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘covered proceeding’’ means a proceeding conducted 
under subpart C, D, or F of part 821 of title 49, Code 
of Federal Regulations, relating to denial, amendment,
modification, suspension, or revocation of an airman cer-
tificate. 
SEC. 203. EXPANSION OF BASICMED. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 2307 of the FAA Exten-
sion, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (49 U.S.C. 44703 
note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking paragraph (2) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(2) the individual holds a medical certificate 
issued by the Federal Aviation Administration or 
has held such a certificate at any time after July 14, 
2006;’’; 
(B) in paragraph (7) by inserting ‘‘cal-
endar’’ before ‘‘months’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (8)(A) by striking ‘‘5’’ 
and inserting ‘‘6’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)(2)(A)(i) by inserting ‘‘(or 
any successor form)’’ after ‘‘(3–99)’’; 
(3) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(h) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 4 years 
after the date of enactment of the Securing Growth and 
Robust Leadership in American Aviation Act, the Admin-
istrator, in coordination with the National Transportation
Safety Board, shall submit to the Committee on Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate a report that describes the effect of 
the regulations issued or revised under subsection (a) and 
includes statistics with respect to changes in small aircraft 
activity and safety incidents.’’; and 
(4) in subsection (j)— 
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘6’’ and 
inserting ‘‘7’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘6,000’’ 
and inserting ‘‘12,500’’. 
(b) RULEMAKING.—The Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration shall update regulations in 
parts 61 and 68 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, 
as necessary, to implement the amendments made by this 
section. 
(c) APPLICABILITY.—Beginning on the date that is 
120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ad-
ministrator shall apply part 68, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, in a manner reflecting the amendments made by 
this section.
SEC. 204. DATA PRIVACY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 441 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘§ 44114. Privacy 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other pro-
vision of law, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration shall establish and continuously improve a 
process by which, upon request of a private aircraft owner 
or operator, the Administrator blocks the registration 
number and other similar identifiable data or information, 
except for physical markings required by law, of the air-
craft of the owner or operator from any public dissemina-
tion or display (except in furnished data or information 
made available to or from a Government agency pursuant 
to a government contract, subcontract, or agreement) for 
the noncommercial flights of the owner or operator. 
‘‘(b) WITHHOLDING PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE IN-
FORMATION
ON
THE AIRCRAFT REGISTRY.—Not later 
than 1 year after the enactment of this Act and notwith-
standing any other provision of law, the Administrator 
shall establish a procedure by which, upon request of a 
private aircraft owner or operator, the Administrator shall 
withhold from public disclosure (except in furnished data 
or information made available to or from a Government 
agency pursuant to a government contract, subcontract,
or agreement, including that for traffic management pur-
poses) the personally identifiable information of such indi-
vidual, including on FAA websites. 
‘‘(c) ICAO AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION CODE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall es-
tablish a program for aircraft owners and operators 
to apply for a new ICAO aircraft identification code. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATIONS.—In carrying out the pro-
gram described in paragraph (1), the Administrator 
shall require— 
‘‘(A) each applicant to attest to a safety or 
security need in applying for a new ICAO air-
craft identification code; and 
‘‘(B) each approved applicant who obtains 
a new ICAO aircraft identification code to com-
ply with all applicable aspects of, or related to, 
part 45 of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, including updating an aircraft’s registra-
tion number and N–Number to reflect such air-
craft’s new ICAO aircraft identification code. 
‘‘(d) DECOUPLING MODE S CODES.—The Adminis-
trator shall develop a plan for which the Administrator 
could allow for a process to disassociate an assigned Mode 
S code with the number assigned to an aircraft that is 
registered pursuant to section 44103.
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ADS–B.—The term ‘ADS–B’ means auto-
matic dependent surveillance-broadcast. 
‘‘(2) ICAO.—The term ‘ICAO’ means the Inter-
national Civil Aviation Organization. 
‘‘(3) PERSONALLY
IDENTIFIABLE
INFORMA-
TION.—The term ‘personally identifiable informa-
tion’ means— 
‘‘(A) the mailing address or registration 
address of an individual; 
‘‘(B) an electronic address (including an 
email address) of an individual; or 
‘‘(C) the telephone number of an indi-
vidual. 
‘‘(D) the names of the aircraft owner or 
operator.’’. 
(b) STUDY ON ENCRYPTING ADS–B.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
of the Federal Aviation Administration shall seek to 
enter into an agreement with a qualified organiza-
tion to conduct a study assessing the technical chal-
lenges, impact to international aviation operations, 
benefits, and costs of encrypting ADS–B signals to
provide for a safer and more secure environment for 
national airspace system users. 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the study 
under paragraph (1), a qualified organization shall 
consult with representatives of— 
(A) air carriers; 
(B) collective bargaining representatives of 
the Federal Aviation Administration aero3 nau-
tical information specialists; 
(C) original equipment manufacturers of 
ADS–B equipment; 
(D) general aviation; 
(E) business aviation; and 
(F) aviation safety experts with specific 
knowledge of aircraft cybersecurity. 
(3) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out the 
study under paragraph (1), a qualified organization 
shall consider— 
(A) 
the 
technical 
requirements 
for 
encrypting ADS–B signals for both the 978 
Mhz and 1090 Mhz frequencies; 
(B) the advantages of encrypting ADS–B 
signals for both the 978 Mhz and 1090 Mhz 
frequencies, including those related to cyberse-
curity protections, safety, and privacy of na-
tional airspace system users; 
(C) the disadvantages of encrypting ADS– 
B signals for both the 978 Mhz and 1090 Mhz 
frequencies, including those related to cyberse-
curity protections, safety, and privacy of na-
tional airspace system users; 
(D) the challenges of encrypting ADS–B 
signals for both the 978 Mhz and 1090 Mhz 
frequencies, including coordination consider-
ations with the International Civil Aviation Or-
ganization and foreign civil aviation authorities; 
(E) potential new aircraft equipage re-
quirements and estimated costs; 
(F) the impact to nongovernmental third 
party users of ADS–B data; 
(G) the estimated costs to— 
(i) the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion; 
(ii) aircraft owners required to equip 
with ADS–B equipment for aviation oper-
ations; and 
(iii) other relevant persons the Admin-
istrator determines necessary; and
(H) the impact to national airspace system 
operations during implementation and post-im-
plementation. 
(4) REPORT.—In any agreement entered into 
under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall ensure 
that, not later than 1 year after the completion of 
the study required under paragraph (1), the quali-
fied organization that has entered into such agree-
ment shall submit to the Administrator, the Com-
mittee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate a report on the results of the study described in 
paragraph (1), including the findings and rec-
ommendations related to each item specified under 
paragraph (3). 
(5) DEFINITION
OF
QUALIFIED
ORGANIZA-
TION.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘qualified orga-
nization’’ means an independent nonprofit organiza-
tion, described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation 
under section 501(a) of such Code. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis for chap-
ter 441 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘44114. Privacy.’’.
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 566 of the 
FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 44103 note) 
and the item relating to such section in the table of con-
tents under section 1(b) of that Act are repealed. 
SEC. 205. PROHIBITION ON USING ADS–B DATA TO INITIATE 
AN INVESTIGATION. 
Section 46101 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) PROHIBITION ON USING ADS–B DATA TO INI-
TIATE AN INVESTIGATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any provi-
sion of this section, the Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration may not initiate an inves-
tigation (excluding a criminal investigation) of a per-
son based exclusively on automatic dependent sur-
veillance-broadcast data. 
‘‘(2) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in 
this subsection shall prohibit the use of automatic 
dependent surveillance-broadcast data in an inves-
tigation that was initiated for any reason other than 
the review of automatic dependent surveillance- 
broadcast data, including if such investigation was 
initiated as a result of a report or complaint sub-
mitted to the Administrator.’’.
SEC. 206. PROHIBITION ON N–NUMBER PROFITEERING. 
Section 44103 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(e) PROHIBITION ON N–NUMBER PROFITEERING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—No person may reserve an 
aircraft registration number without certifying that 
such person intends to use such registration num-
ber— 
‘‘(A) immediately on a specific aircraft; or 
‘‘(B) for future use on an aircraft owned 
or controlled, or intended to be owned or con-
trolled, by such person. 
‘‘(2) TRANSFERS.—A person may transfer a re-
served aircraft registration number to another per-
son if— 
‘‘(A) the transferor certifies that the air-
craft registration number is relinquished will-
ingly and at a cost to the transferee that does 
not otherwise exceed the amount paid by the 
transferor to reserve such number; and 
‘‘(B) the transferee— 
‘‘(i) certifies that the transferor did 
not impose a dollar cost on the transfer 
that exceeds the amount provided for in 
subparagraph (A); and
‘‘(ii) complies with the certification re-
quirement under paragraph (1).’’. 
SEC. 207. ACCOUNTABILITY FOR AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION 
NUMBERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall initiate a review of 
the process for reserving aircraft registration numbers to 
ensure that such process offers an equal opportunity for 
members of the general public to obtain specific aircraft 
registration numbers. 
(b) ASSESSMENT.—In conducting the review under 
subsection (a), the Administrator shall assess the fol-
lowing: 
(1) Whether the use of readily available soft-
ware to prevent computer or web-based auto-fill sys-
tems from reserving aircraft registration numbers in 
bulk would improve participation in the reservation 
process by the general public. 
(2) Whether a limit should be imposed on the 
number of consecutive years a person may reserve 
an aircraft registration number. 
(3) The impact of the prohibition imposed by 
section 44103(e) of title 49, United States Code.
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
brief the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on 
the review conducted under subsection (a), including any 
recommendations of the Administrator to improve equal 
participation in the process for reserving aircraft registra-
tion numbers by the general public. 
SEC. 208. TIMELY RESOLUTION OF INVESTIGATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of issuance of a letter of investigation to any person, 
the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall— 
(1) make a determination regarding such inves-
tigation and pursue subsequent action; or 
(2) close such investigation. 
(b) EXTENSION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—If, upon review of the facts 
and status of an investigation described in sub-
section (a), the Administrator determines that the 
time provided to make a final determination or close 
such investigation is insufficient, the Administrator 
may approve an extension of such investigation for 
2 years.
100 
(2) ADDITIONAL EXTENSIONS.—The Adminis-
trator may approve consecutive extensions under 
paragraph (1). 
(c) DELEGATION.—The Administrator may not dele-
gate the authority to approve an extension described in 
subsection (b) to anyone other than the leadership of the 
Administration as described in section 106(b) of title 49, 
United States Code. 
SEC. 209. EXPANSION OF VOLUNTEER PILOT ORGANIZA-
TION DEFINITION. 
Section 821 of the FAA Modernization and Reform 
Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘for the fuel costs associ-
ated with’’ and inserting ‘‘for the fuel costs and 
airport fees attributed to’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘for an individual or organ 
for medical purposes (and for other associated 
individuals)’’ and inserting ‘‘for the purposes 
described in subsection (c)(2)’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)(2) by striking ‘‘charitable 
medical transportation.’’ and inserting the following: 
‘‘charitable transportation for the following pur-
poses:
101 
‘‘(A) Assisting individuals in accessing 
medical care or treatment (and for other associ-
ated individuals). 
‘‘(B) Delivering human blood, tissues, or 
organs. 
‘‘(C) Aiding disaster relief efforts pursuant 
to a— 
‘‘(i) presidential declaration of a 
major disaster or an emergency under the 
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 
5121 et seq.); or 
‘‘(ii) declaration of a major disaster or 
an emergency by a Governor of a State.’’. 
SEC. 210. CHARITABLE FLIGHT FUEL REIMBURSEMENT EX-
EMPTIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) VALIDITY OF EXEMPTION.—Except as oth-
erwise provided in this subsection, an exemption 
from section 61.113(c) of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations, that is granted by the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration for the purpose 
of allowing a volunteer pilot to accept reimburse-
ment from a volunteer pilot organization for the fuel 
costs and airport fees attributed to a flight operation
102 
to provide charitable transportation pursuant to sec-
tion 821 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act 
of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) shall be valid for 
5 years. 
(2) FAILING TO ADHERE.—If the Administrator 
finds an exemption holder under paragraph (1) or a 
volunteer pilot fails to adhere to the conditions and 
limitations of the exemption described under such 
paragraph, the Administrator may rescind or sus-
pend the exemption. 
(3) NO LONGER QUALIFYING.—If the Adminis-
trator finds that such exemption holder no longer 
qualifies as a volunteer pilot organization, the Ad-
ministrator shall rescind such exemption. 
(4) FORGOING EXEMPTION.—If such exemption 
holder informs the Administrator that such holder 
no longer plans to exercise the authority granted by 
such exemption, the Administrator may rescind such 
exemption. 
(b) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—A volunteer pilot organiza-
tion may impose additional safety requirements on a 
volunteer pilot without— 
(A) being considered—
103 
(i) an air carrier (as such term is de-
fined in section 40102 of title 49, United 
States Code); or 
(ii) a commercial operator (as such 
term is defined in section 1.1 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations); or 
(B) constituting common carriage. 
(2) SAVINGS
CLAUSE.—Nothing in this sub-
section may be construed to limit or otherwise affect 
the authority of the Administrator to regulate, as 
appropriate, a flight operation associated with a vol-
unteer pilot organization that constitutes a commer-
cial operation or common carriage. 
(c) REISSUANCE OF EXISTING EXEMPTIONS.—In re-
issuing an expiring exemption described in subsection (a) 
that was originally issued prior to the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator shall ensure that the re-
issued exemption— 
(1) accounts for the provisions of this section 
and section 821 of the FAA Modernization and Re-
form Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note), as 
amended by this Act; and 
(2) is otherwise substantially similar to the pre-
viously issued exemption.
104 
(d) STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this 
section shall be construed to— 
(1) affect the authority of the Administrator to 
exempt a pilot (exercising the private pilot privi-
leges) from any restriction on receiving reimburse-
ment for the fuel costs and airport fees attributed 
to a flight operation to provide charitable transpor-
tation; or 
(2) impose or authorize the imposition of any 
additional requirements by the Administrator on a 
flight that is arranged by a volunteer pilot organiza-
tion in which the volunteer pilot— 
(A) is not reimbursed the fuel costs and 
airport fees attributed to a flight operation to 
provide charitable flights; or 
(B) pays a pro rata share of expenses as 
described in section 61.113(c) of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) VOLUNTEER PILOT.—The term ‘‘volunteer 
pilot’’ means a person who— 
(A) acts as a pilot in command of a flight 
operation to provide charitable transportation 
pursuant to section 821 of the FAA Moderniza-
105 
tion and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 
note); and 
(B) holds a private pilot certificate, com-
mercial pilot certificate, or an airline transpor-
tation pilot certificate issued under part 61 of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(2) VOLUNTEER
PILOT
ORGANIZATION.—The 
term ‘‘volunteer pilot organization’’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 821(c) of the FAA Mod-
ernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 
40101 note). 
SEC. 211. GAO REPORT ON CHARITABLE FLIGHTS. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 4 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall initiate a review of the following: 
(1) Applicable laws, regulations, policies, legal 
opinions, and guidance pertaining to charitable 
flights and the operations of such flights, including 
reimbursement of fuel costs. 
(2) Petitions for exemption from the require-
ments of section 61.113(c) of title 14, Code of Fed-
eral Regulations, for the purpose of allowing a pilot 
to accept reimbursement for the fuel costs associated 
with a flight operation to provide charitable trans-
portation pursuant to section 821 of the FAA Mod-
106 
ernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 
40101 note), as amended by this Act, including as-
sessment of— 
(A) the conditions and limitations a peti-
tioner must comply with if the exemption is 
granted and whether such conditions and limi-
tations are— 
(i) applied to petitioners in a con-
sistent manner; and 
(ii) commensurate with the types of 
flight operations exemption holders propose 
to conduct under any such exemptions; 
(B) denied petitions for such an exemption 
and the reasons for the denial of such petitions; 
and 
(C) the processing time of a petition for 
such an exemption. 
(3) Charitable flights conducted without an ex-
emption from section 61.113(c) of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations, including an analysis of the 
certificates, qualifications, and aeronautical experi-
ence of the operators of such flights. 
(b) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the review initi-
ated under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall 
consult with charitable organizations, including volunteer
107 
pilot organizations, aircraft owners, and pilots who volun-
teer to provide transportation for or on behalf of a chari-
table organization, flight safety experts, and employees of 
the Federal Aviation Administration. 
(c) RECOMMENDATIONS.—As part of the review initi-
ated under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall 
make recommendations, as determined appropriate, to the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
improve the rules, policies, and guidance pertaining to 
charitable flight operations. 
(d) REPORT.—Upon completion of the review initi-
ated under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infra-
structure of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate a report describing the findings of such review and 
recommendations developed under subsection (c). 
SEC. 212. ALL MAKES AND MODELS AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) UNLIMITED LETTER OF AUTHORIZATION.— 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Avia-
tion Administration shall take such action as may be 
necessary to allow for the issuance of letters of au-
thorizations to airmen with the authorization for—
108 
(A) all types and makes of experimental 
high–performance single engine piston powered 
aircraft; and 
(B) all types and makes of experimental 
high–performance multiengine piston powered 
aircraft. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—An individual who holds 
a letter of authorization and applies for an author-
ization described in paragraph (1)(A) or (1)(B)— 
(A) shall be given an all-makes and models 
authorization of— 
(i) experimental single–engine piston 
powered authorized aircraft; or 
(ii) experimental multiengine piston 
powered authorized aircraft; 
(B) shall hold the appropriate category 
and class rating for the authorized aircraft; 
(C) shall hold 3 experimental aircraft au-
thorizations in aircraft of the same category 
and class rating for the authorization sought; 
and 
(D) may become qualified in additional ex-
perimental aircraft by completing aircraft spe-
cific training.
109 
(b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion may be construed to disallow an individual from being 
given both an authorization described in paragraph (1)(A) 
and an authorization described in paragraph (1)(B). 
(c) FAILURE TO COMPLY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—If the Administrator fails to 
implement subsection (a) within the time period pre-
scribed in such subsection, the Administrator shall 
brief the Committee on Transportation and Infra-
structure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate on the status of the implemen-
tation of such subsection on a monthly basis until 
the implementation is complete. 
(2) NO DELEGATION.—The Administrator may 
not delegate the briefing described in paragraph (1). 
SEC. 213. RESPONSE TO LETTER OF INVESTIGATION. 
Section 2(b) of the Pilot’s Bill of Rights (49 U.S.C. 
44703 note) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(6) RESPONSE
TO
LETTER
OF
INVESTIGA-
TION.—If an individual decides to respond to a Let-
ter of Investigation described in paragraph (2)(B) 
such individual may respond not later than 30 days 
after receipt of such Letter, including providing
110 
written comments on the incident to the inves-
tigating office.’’. 
Subtitle B—General Aviation 
Safety 
SEC. 221. ADS–B SAFETY ENHANCEMENT INCENTIVE PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a pro-
gram to provide rebates to owners of covered general avia-
tion aircraft for the purchase of covered ADS–B equip-
ment. 
(b) APPLICATION.—To be eligible to receive a rebate 
under this section, an owner of a covered general aviation 
aircraft shall submit to the Administrator an application 
in such form, at such time, and containing such informa-
tion as the Administrator may require, including proof of 
successful installation of covered ADS–B equipment. 
(c) AUTHORIZED REBATE.— 
(1) AMOUNT.—A rebate approved by the Ad-
ministrator to be issued to an owner of a covered 
general aviation aircraft shall be equal to the lesser 
of— 
(A) the cost of purchasing the covered 
ADS–B equipment; or
111 
(B) $2,000. 
(2) TIME.—A rebate issued under the program 
under this section shall be redeemed or presented for 
payment not later than 180 days after issuance, 
after which time the rebate shall be deemed void. 
(d) SUNSET.—The program established under sub-
section (a) shall terminate on October 1, 2027. 
(e) RESTRICTION.—The Administrator may not offer 
rebates for— 
(1) a software upgrade for covered ADS–B 
equipment; 
(2) covered ADS–B equipment installed prior to 
the date of enactment of this Act; 
(3) covered general aviation aircraft manufac-
tured after January 1, 2020; or 
(4) covered general aviation aircraft for which 
the Administrator has previously issued a rebate re-
lated to the purchase and installation of covered 
ADS–B equipment. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ADS–B.—The term ‘‘ADS–B’’ means auto-
matic dependent surveillance–broadcast. 
(2) COVERED ADS–B EQUIPMENT.—The term 
‘‘covered ADS–B equipment’’ means ADS–B equip-
ment that—
112 
(A) meets the performance requirements 
described in section 91.227 of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or any successor regula-
tion); and 
(B) is capable of receiving and displaying 
ADS–B information from other aircraft. 
(3) COVERED GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT.— 
The term ‘‘covered general aviation aircraft’’ means 
a single-engine piston aircraft registered in the 
United States that is not equipped with covered 
ADS–B equipment. 
(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 
amounts made available under section 106(k) of title 49, 
United States Code, there is authorized to be expended 
to carry out this section and pay administrative costs 
$25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024 to remain available until 
expended. 
SEC. 222. GAO REPORT ON ADS–B TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Comptroller General of the 
United States shall conduct a study on automatic depend-
ent surveillance-broadcast equipage and usage rates across 
the active general aviation fleet in the United States. 
(b) CONTENTS.—In conducting the study described 
in subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall, at a min-
imum—
113 
(1) analyze the reasons why aircraft owners 
choose not to equip or use an aircraft with auto-
matic dependent surveillance-broadcast technology; 
(2) examine and substantiate any benefits and 
drawbacks of using automatic dependent surveil-
lance-broadcast technology, including safety and 
operational benefits and drawbacks; 
(3) survey ways to further incentivize aircraft 
owners to equip and use aircraft with automatic de-
pendent surveillance-broadcast technology; and 
(4) examine the benefits, costs, and feasibility 
of requiring equipage of automatic dependent sur-
veillance-broadcast technology on all newly manufac-
tured aircraft other than aircraft issued a special 
airworthiness certificate. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and In-
frastructure of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate a report on automatic dependent surveillance- 
broadcast described in subsection (b) and make rec-
ommendations to incentivize equipage and usage rates 
across the active general aviation fleet in the United 
States.
114 
SEC. 223. PROTECTING GENERAL AVIATION AIRPORTS 
FROM FAA CLOSURE. 
(a) NON-SURPLUS PROPERTY.—Section 47125 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘(c) WAIVING RESTRICTIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 
the Secretary may grant to an airport, city, or coun-
ty a waiver of any of the terms, conditions, reserva-
tions, or restrictions contained in a deed under 
which the United States conveyed to the airport, 
city, or county an interest in real property for air-
port purposes pursuant to section 16 of the Federal 
Airport Act (60 Stat. 179), section 23 of the Airport 
and Airway Development Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 
232), or this section. 
‘‘(2) CONDITIONS.—Any waiver granted by the 
Secretary pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be subject 
to the following conditions: 
‘‘(A) The applicable airport, city, county, 
or other political subdivision shall agree that in 
conveying any interest in the real property 
which the United States conveyed to the air-
port, city, or county, the airport, city, or county 
will receive consideration for such interest that 
is equal to its current fair market value.
115 
‘‘(B) Any consideration received by the air-
port, city, or county under subparagraph (A) 
shall be used exclusively for the development, 
improvement, operation, or maintenance of a 
public airport by the airport, city, or county. 
‘‘(C) Such waiver— 
‘‘(i) will not significantly impair the 
aeronautical purpose of an airport; 
‘‘(ii) will not result in the permanent 
closure of an airport (unless the Secretary 
determines that the waiver will directly fa-
cilitate the construction of a replacement 
airport); or 
‘‘(iii) is necessary to protect or ad-
vance the civil aviation interests of the 
United States. 
‘‘(D) Any other conditions required by the 
Secretary. 
‘‘(3) ANNUAL REPORTING.—The Secretary shall 
include a list and description of each waiver granted 
pursuant to paragraph (1) in the report required 
under section 47131.’’. 
(b) SURPLUS PROPERTY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 47151 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended—
116 
(A) by striking subsection (d) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(d) WAIVER OF CONDITION.—The Secretary may 
not waive any condition imposed on an interest in surplus 
property conveyed under subsection (a) that such interest 
be used for an aeronautical purpose unless the Secretary 
provides public notice not less than 30 days before the 
issuance of such waiver and determines that such waiver— 
‘‘(1) will not significantly impair the aero-
nautical purpose of an airport; 
‘‘(2) will not result in the permanent closure of 
an airport (unless the Secretary determines that the 
waiver will directly facilitate the construction of a 
replacement airport); or 
‘‘(3) is necessary to protect or advance the civil 
aviation interests of the United States.’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) REVERSIONS
OF PROPERTY.—The Secretary 
shall take all necessary action to revert surplus property 
conveyed under this subchapter back to the United States 
if— 
‘‘(1) the Secretary determines that an instru-
ment conveying an interest in surplus property 
under this subchapter incorporates a provision pro-
117 
viding for the reversion of such property in the event 
the property is not used for aeronautical purposes; 
‘‘(2) other efforts by the Secretary to ensure 
that the property is used by the relevant airport 
sponsor is used for aeronautical purposes are unsuc-
cessful; and 
‘‘(3) the Secretary determines that a rever-
sion— 
‘‘(A) will result in the property being used 
for aeronautical purposes; or 
‘‘(B) will not transfer liabilities, including 
environmental liabilities, greater than the fair 
market value of the property to the Govern-
ment.’’; and 
(2) WAIVING
AND
ADDING
TERMS.—Section 
47153(c) of title 49, United States Code, is amend-
ed to read as follows: 
‘‘(c) RESTRICTIONS ON WAIVER.—Notwithstanding 
subsections (a) and (b), the Secretary may not waive any 
term under this section that an interest in land be used 
for an aeronautical purpose unless— 
‘‘(1) the Secretary provides public notice not 
less than 30 days before the issuance of a waiver; 
and
118 
‘‘(2) the Secretary determines that such waiv-
er— 
‘‘(A) will not significantly impair the aero-
nautical purpose of an airport; 
‘‘(B) will not result in the permanent clo-
sure of an airport (unless the Secretary deter-
mines that the waiver will directly facilitate the 
construction of a replacement airport); or 
‘‘(C) is necessary to protect or advance the 
civil aviation interests of the United States.’’. 
(c) REPEALS.— 
(1) AIRPORTS
NEAR
CLOSED
OR
REALIGNED 
BASES.—Section 1203 of the Federal Aviation Reau-
thorization Act of 1996 (49 U.S.C. 47101 note), and 
the item relating to such section in the table of con-
tents under section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
(2) RELEASE
FROM
RESTRICTIONS.—Section 
817 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 
2012 (49 U.S.C. 47125 note), and the item relating 
to such section in the table of contents under section 
1(b) of such Act, are repealed. 
SEC. 224. ENSURING SAFE LANDINGS DURING OFF-AIR-
PORT OPERATIONS. 
The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration shall not apply section 91.119 of title 14, Code
119 
of Federal Regulations, in any manner that requires a 
pilot to continue a landing that is unsafe. 
SEC. 225. AIRPORT DIAGRAM TERMINOLOGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall update Airport Diagram 
Order JO 7910.4 and any related advisory circulars, pol-
icy, and guidance to ensure the clear and consistent use 
of terms to delineate the types of parking available to gen-
eral aviation pilots. 
(b) COLLABORATION.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall collaborate with industry 
stakeholders, commercial service airports, and general 
aviation airports in— 
(1) facilitating basic standardization of general 
aviation parking terms; 
(2) accounting for the majority of uses of gen-
eral aviation parking terms; and 
(3) providing clarity for chart users. 
(c) IAC SPECIFICATIONS.—The Administrator shall 
encourage the Interagency Air Committee to incorporate 
the terms developed under subsection (a) in publications 
produced by the Committee.
120 
SEC. 226. ALTERNATIVE ADS–B TECHNOLOGIES FOR USE IN 
CERTAIN SMALL AIRCRAFT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall publish an approved 
list of effective alternatives to automatic dependent sur-
veillance–broadcast equipment (in this section referred to 
as ‘‘alternative ADS–B equipment’’) for covered aircraft 
operating outside of Mode C veil airspace so that such air-
craft may voluntarily broadcast positioning to other air-
craft. 
(b) REVIEW; APPROVAL.— 
(1) REVIEW.—In carrying out subsection (a), 
the Administrator shall, to the maximum extent 
practicable, review available commercial–off–the– 
shelf alternative ADS–B equipment that are used 
outside of the United States for purposes of allowing 
a pilot to voluntarily utilize such equipment while 
operating outside of Mode C veil airspace and within 
the national airspace system. 
(2) APPROVAL.—The Administrator shall work 
with manufacturers of such equipment to expedite 
technical standard order authorization, or other ap-
provals, required by the Administrator for such 
equipment for use in covered aircraft. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
121 
(1) ALTERNATIVE
ADS–B
EQUIPMENT.—The 
term ‘‘alternative ADS–B equipment’’ means a posi-
tioning technology that— 
(A) does not otherwise meet the perform-
ance requirements prescribed in section 91.227 
of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations; 
(B) may be affixed to, or portable within, 
a covered aircraft; and 
(C) can broadcast positioning of a covered 
aircraft to other aircraft operating outside of 
Mode C veil airspace. 
(2) COVERED AIRCRAFT.—The term ‘‘covered 
aircraft’’ means— 
(A) a single-engine piston aircraft; 
(B) an ultralight aircraft; or 
(C) an aircraft not equipped with an elec-
trical system. 
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion may be construed by the Administrator to require cov-
ered aircraft to install— 
(1) alternative ADS–B equipment; or 
(2) automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast 
equipment.
122 
SEC. 227. AIRSHOW SAFETY TEAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall coordinate with the 
General Aviation Joint Safety Committee to establish an 
Airshow Safety Team focused on airshow and aerial event 
safety. 
(b) OBJECTIVE.—The objective of the Airshow Safety 
Team described in subsection (a) shall be to— 
(1) serve as a mechanism for Federal Govern-
ment and industry cooperation, communication, and 
coordination on airshow and aerial event safety; and 
(2) reduce airshow and aerial event accidents 
and incidents through non-regulatory, proactive safe-
ty strategies. 
(c) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the objectives pur-
suant to subsection (b), the Airshow Safety Team shall, 
at a minimum— 
(1) perform an analysis of airshow and aerial 
event accidents and incidents in conjunction with the 
Safety Analysis Team; 
(2) publish and update every 2 years after ini-
tial publication an Airshow Safety Plan that incor-
porates consensus based and data driven mitigation 
measures and non-regulatory safety strategies to im-
123 
prove and promote safety of the public, performers, 
and airport personnel; and 
(3) engage the airshow and aerial event commu-
nity to— 
(A) communicate non-regulatory, proactive 
safety strategies identified by the Airshow Safe-
ty Plan to mitigate incidents; and 
(B) discuss best practices to uphold and 
maintain safety at events. 
(d) MEMBERSHIP.—The Administrator may request 
the Airshow Safety Team be comprised of at least 10 indi-
viduals, each of whom shall have knowledge or a back-
ground in the planning, execution, operation, or manage-
ment of an airshow or aerial event. 
(e) MEETINGS.—The Airshow Safety Team shall 
meet at least twice a year at the direction of the co-chairs 
of the General Aviation Joint Safety Committee. 
(f) CONSTRUCTION.—The Administrator shall not 
initiate a regulatory action based on any— 
(1) discussion or sharing of information and 
data that occurs as part of an official meeting of the 
Airshow Safety Team; or 
(2) safety strategies or best practices identified 
by the Airshow Safety Plan that are not intended to
124 
be used by the Administrator for regulatory pur-
poses. 
SEC. 228. TOWER MARKING NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE-
MAKING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall issue a notice of 
proposed rulemaking to implement section 2110 of the 
FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (49 
U.S.C. 44718 note). 
(b) REPORT.—If the Administrator fails to issue the 
notice of proposed rulemaking pursuant to subsection (a), 
the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate an annual report on the 
status of such rulemaking, including— 
(1) the reasons that the Administrator has 
failed to issue the rulemaking; and 
(2) a list of fatal aircraft accidents associated 
with unmarked towers that have occurred over the 
5 years previous to the date of submission of the re-
port.
125 
Subtitle C—Improving FAA 
Services 
SEC. 241. AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION VALIDITY DURING RE-
NEWAL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 44103 of title 49, United 
States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(f) VALIDITY OF AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION DURING 
RENEWAL.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—An aircraft may be oper-
ated on or after the expiration date found on the 
certificate of registration issued for such aircraft 
under this section as if it were not expired if the op-
erator of such aircraft has aboard the aircraft— 
‘‘(A) documentation validating that— 
‘‘(i) an aircraft registration renewal 
application form (AC Form 8050–1B, or a 
succeeding form) has been submitted to 
the Administrator for such aircraft but not 
yet approved or denied; and 
‘‘(ii) such aircraft is compliant with 
maintenance, inspections, and any other 
requirements for the aircraft’s airworthi-
ness 
certificate 
issued 
under 
section 
44704(d); and
126 
‘‘(B) the most recent aircraft registration. 
‘‘(2) PROOF OF PENDING RENEWAL APPLICA-
TION.—The Administrator shall provide an applicant 
for renewal of registration under this section with 
documentation described in paragraph (1)(A). Such 
documentation shall— 
‘‘(A) be made electronically available to the 
applicant immediately upon submitting an air-
craft registration renewal application to the 
Civil Aviation Registry for an aircraft; 
‘‘(B) notify the applicant of the operational 
allowance described in paragraph (1); 
‘‘(C) deem an aircraft’s airworthiness cer-
tificate issued under section 44704(d) as valid 
provided that the applicant confirms acknowl-
edgment of the requirements of paragraph 
(1)(A)(ii); 
‘‘(D) confirm the applicant acknowledged 
the limitations described in paragraph (3)(A) 
and (3)(B); and 
‘‘(E) include identifying information per-
taining to such aircraft and to the registered 
owner.
127 
‘‘(3) RULE
OF
CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in 
this subsection shall be construed to permit any per-
son to operate an aircraft— 
‘‘(A) with an expired registration, except 
as specifically provided for under this sub-
section; or 
‘‘(B) if the Administrator has denied an 
application to renew the registration of such 
aircraft.’’. 
(b) RULEMAKING; GUIDANCE.—Not later than 18 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ad-
ministrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
issue a final rule, if necessary, and update all applicable 
guidance and policies to implement the amendment made 
by this section. 
SEC. 242. TEMPORARY AIRMAN CERTIFICATES. 
Section 44703 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(l) TEMPORARY AIRMAN CERTIFICATE.—An indi-
vidual may obtain a temporary airman certificate from the 
Administrator after requesting a permanent replacement 
airman certificate issued under this section. A temporary 
airman certificate shall be— 
‘‘(1) made available—
128 
‘‘(A) electronically to the individual imme-
diately upon submitting an online application 
for a replacement certificate to the Adminis-
trator; or 
‘‘(B) physically to the individual at a flight 
standards district office— 
‘‘(i) if the individual submits an online 
application for a replacement certificate; or 
‘‘(ii) if the individual applies for a 
permanent replacement certificate other 
than by online application and such appli-
cation has been received by the Federal 
Aviation Administration; and 
‘‘(2) destroyed upon receipt of the permanent 
replacement airman certificate from the Adminis-
trator.’’. 
SEC. 243. FLIGHT INSTRUCTION OR TESTING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—An authorized flight instructor 
providing student instruction, flight instruction, or flight 
training shall not be deemed to be operating an aircraft 
carrying persons or property for compensation or hire. 
(b) AUTHORIZED ADDITIONAL PILOTS.—An indi-
vidual acting as an authorized additional pilot during 
Phase I flight testing of aircraft holding an experimental 
airworthiness certificate, in accordance with section
129 
21.191 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, and meet-
ing the requirements set forth in Federal Aviation Admin-
istration regulations and policy in effect as of the date 
of enactment of this section, shall not be deemed to be 
operating an aircraft carrying persons or property for 
compensation or hire. 
(c) USE
OF AIRCRAFT.—An individual who uses, 
causes to use, or authorizes to use aircraft for flights con-
ducted under subsection (a) or (b) shall not be deemed 
to be operating an aircraft carrying persons or property 
for compensation or hire. 
(d) REVISION OF RULES.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The requirements of this 
section shall become effective upon the date of enact-
ment of this Act. 
(2) REVISION.—The Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration shall issue, revise, or 
repeal the rules, regulations, guidance, or procedures 
of the Federal Aviation Administration to conform 
to the requirements of this section. 
SEC. 244. LETTER OF DEVIATION AUTHORITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—A flight instructor, registered 
owner, lessor, or lessee of a covered aircraft shall not be 
required to obtain a letter of deviation authority from the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to
130 
allow, conduct, or receive flight training, checking, and 
testing in such aircraft if— 
(1) the flight instructor is not providing both 
the training and the aircraft; 
(2) no person advertises or broadly offers the 
aircraft as available for flight training, checking, or 
testing; and 
(3) no person receives compensation for use of 
the aircraft for a specific flight during which flight 
training, checking, or testing was received, other 
than expenses for owning, operating, and maintain-
ing the aircraft. 
(b) COVERED AIRCRAFT DEFINED.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘covered aircraft’’ means— 
(1) an experimental category aircraft; 
(2) a limited category aircraft; and 
(3) a primary category aircraft. 
SEC. 245. NATIONAL COORDINATION AND OVERSIGHT OF 
DESIGNATED PILOT EXAMINERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 16 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a pro-
gram or office to provide national coordination and over-
sight of designated pilot examiners appointed under sec-
tion 183.23 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations.
131 
(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The program or office es-
tablished under subsection (a) shall be responsible for the 
following: 
(1) Oversight of designated pilot examiners ap-
pointed under section 183.23 of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations, including the selection, train-
ing, duties, and deployment of such examiners. 
(2) Supporting the standardization of policy, 
guidance, and regulations across the Administration 
pertaining to the selection, training, duties, and de-
ployment of designated pilot examiners appointed 
under section 183.23 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations, including evaluating the consistency by 
which such examiners apply Administration policies, 
orders, and guidance. 
(3) Coordinating placement and deployment of 
such examiners across regions based on demand for 
examinations from the pilot community. 
(4) Developing a code of conduct for such ex-
aminers. 
(5) Deploying a survey system to track the per-
formance and merit of such examiners. 
(6) Facilitating an industry partnership to cre-
ate a formal mentorship program for such exam-
iners.
132 
(7) Put in place a system that ensures available 
resources so that applicants can schedule airman 
practical tests not more than 14 calendar days after 
requested. 
(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the responsibil-
ities listed in subsection (b), the Administrator shall en-
sure the program— 
(1) coordinates on an ongoing basis with flight 
standards district offices, designated pilot examiner 
managing specialists, and aviation industry stake-
holders, including representatives of the general 
aviation community; and 
(2) considers (or reconsiders) implementing the 
final recommendations report issued by the Des-
ignated Pilot Examiner Reforms Working Group 
and accepted by the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory 
Committee on June 17, 2021. 
(d) BRIEFING.—The Administrator shall brief the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate in each 
fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this 
Act through fiscal year 2028 detailing— 
(1) the methodology by which designated pilot 
examiners appointed under section 183.23 of title
133 
14, Code of Federal Regulations, are deployed and 
any subsequent changes to the methodology to fulfill 
the demand for examinations; 
(2) a review of the previous fiscal year detailing 
the average time an individual in each region must 
wait to schedule an appointment with such an exam-
iner; and 
(3) the turnover rates and resource costs associ-
ated with such examiners. 
SEC. 246. BASICMED FOR EXAMINERS ADMINISTERING 
TESTS OR PROFICIENCY CHECKS. 
(a) EQUIVALENT PILOT-IN-COMMAND MEDICAL RE-
QUIREMENTS.—Notwithstanding section 61.23(a)(3)(iv) 
of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, an examiner may 
administer a practical test or proficiency check if such ex-
aminer meets the medical qualification requirements 
under part 68 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, 
if the operation being conducted is in a covered aircraft, 
as such term is defined in section 2307(j) of the FAA Ex-
tension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (49 U.S.C. 
44703 note). 
(b) RULEMAKING.—Not later than 18 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
the Federal Aviation Administration shall issue a final 
rule to update part 61 of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
134 
tions, to implement the requirements under subsection (a), 
in addition to any related requirements the Administrator 
finds are in the interest of aviation safety. 
SEC. 247. DESIGNEE LOCATOR TOOL IMPROVEMENTS. 
Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration shall ensure that the designee locator search 
function of the public website of the Designee Manage-
ment System of the Administration has the functionality 
to— 
(1) filter a search for an Aviation Medical Ex-
aminer (as described in section 183.21 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations) by sex, if such infor-
mation is available; 
(2) display credentials and aircraft qualifica-
tions of a designated pilot examiner (as described in 
section 183.23 of such title); and 
(3) display the scheduling availability of a des-
ignated pilot examiner (as described in section 
183.23 of such title) to administer a test or pro-
ficiency check to an airman. 
SEC. 248. DEADLINE TO ELIMINATE AIRCRAFT REGISTRA-
TION BACKLOG. 
Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
135 
ministration shall take such actions as may be necessary 
to reduce and maintain the aircraft registration and rec-
ordation backlog at the Civil Aviation Registry so that, 
on average, applications are processed not later than 10 
business days after receipt. 
SEC. 249. PART 135 AIR CARRIER CERTIFICATE BACKLOG. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall take such actions as may 
be necessary to achieve the goal of reducing the backlog 
of air carrier certificate applications under part 135 of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, to— 
(1) not later than 1 year after the date of en-
actment of this Act, maintain an average certificate 
decision time of less than 60 days; and 
(2) not later than 2 years after the date of en-
actment of this Act, maintain an average certificate 
decision time of less than 30 days. 
(b) MEASURES.—In meeting the goal under sub-
section (a), the Administrator may— 
(1) assign, as appropriate, additional personnel 
or support staff, including on a temporary basis, to 
review, adjudicate, and approve applications; 
(2) improve and expand promotion of existing 
applicant resources which could improve the quality 
of applications submitted to decrease the need for
136 
Administration applicant coordination and commu-
nications; and 
(3) take into consideration any third-party enti-
ty that assisted in the preparation of an application 
for an air carrier certificate under part 135 of title 
14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(c) WORKING GROUP.—The Administrator shall con-
vene a working group comprised of industry stakeholders 
and aviation experts to— 
(1) not later than 1 year after the date of en-
actment of this Act, study methods and make rec-
ommendations to clarify requirements and stand-
ardize the process for conducting and completing 
aircraft conformity processes for existing air carriers 
and operators under part 135 of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations, in a timely manner, which shall 
include— 
(A) developing a plan to honor or expedite 
the consideration of previously accepted aircraft 
configuration evaluations when an aircraft 
moves from one certificate under part 135 of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, to an-
other such certificate; 
(B) streamlining protocols for operators 
under such part 135 to add an aircraft that
137 
was listed on another certificate under such 
part 135 immediately prior to moving to the 
new carrier; and 
(C) evaluating non-safety related Federal 
Aviation Administration policies, guidance, and 
documentation and identify needed changes to 
such policies, guidance, and documentation to 
accomplish subparagraph (B); and 
(2) not later than 2 years after of the date of 
enactment of this Act— 
(A) study and review methods to mod-
ernize and improve the air carrier certification 
process under part 135 of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations; and 
(B) recommend long-term solutions for ef-
fective management of Administration resources 
dedicated to approving air carrier certificate ap-
plications under such part 135. 
(d) 
CONGRESSIONAL
BRIEFING.—Beginning 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, and not 
less than every 6 months thereafter until the Adminis-
trator complies with the requirements under subsection 
(a)(2), the Administrator shall provide a briefing to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
138 
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the 
status of the backlog of air carrier certificate applications 
under part 135 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, 
any measures the Administrator has put in place under 
subsection (b), and any recommendations received from 
the review under subsection (c). 
SEC. 250. LOGGING FLIGHT TIME ACCRUED IN CERTAIN 
PUBLIC AIRCRAFT. 
(a) COMPLETION OF RULEMAKING.—Not later than 
18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall issue a final rule modifying section 61.51(j)(4) of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, to include aircraft 
under the direct operational control of forestry and fire 
protection agencies, as required by section 517 of the FAA 
Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 44703 note). 
(b) FAILURE TO COMPLETE RULEMAKING.—If the 
Administrator fails to issue a final rule pursuant to sub-
section (a) by the deadline described in such subsection, 
beginning on the date that is 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act— 
(1) notwithstanding section 61.51(j)(4) of title 
14, Code of Federal Regulations, a pilot, while en-
gaged on an official flight for a Federal, State, 
county, or municipal forestry or fire protection agen-
139 
cy, may log flight time so long as the time acquired 
is in an aircraft that— 
(A) is identified as an aircraft under sec-
tion 61.5(b) of such title; and 
(B) is a public aircraft under the direct 
operational control of a forestry or fire protec-
tion agency; and 
(2) the Administrator may not take an enforce-
ment action against the pilot for logging such flight 
time as described in paragraph (1). 
(c) SUNSET.—Subsection (b) shall cease to be effec-
tive on the date on which the final rule required under 
subsection (a) is effective. 
SEC. 251. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATES. 
(a) COMPLETION OF RULEMAKING.—Not later than 
36 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration 
shall issue a final rule for the rulemaking activity titled 
‘‘Removal of the Expiration Date on a Flight Instructor 
Certificate’’, published in Fall 2022 in the Unified Agenda 
of Federal Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions (RIN 
2120–AL25) to, at a minimum, update part 61 of title 
14, Code of Federal Regulations, to— 
(1) remove the expiration date on a flight in-
structor certificate; and
140 
(2) replace the requirement that a flight in-
structor renews their flight instructor certificate 
with appropriate recent experience requirements for 
the holder of a flight instructor certificate to exer-
cise the privileges of such certificate. 
(b) FAILURE TO COMPLETE RULEMAKING.—If the 
Administrator fails to issue a final rule pursuant to sub-
section (a) before the deadline prescribed in that sub-
section, beginning on the date that is 36 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act— 
(1) notwithstanding sections 61.19(d) and 
61.197 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, an 
individual holding a flight instructor certificate that 
is not expired as of the date that is 36 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act may exercise the 
privileges of the certificate regardless of whether the 
certificate subsequently expires, provided that the in-
dividual meets eligibility requirements in accordance 
with section 61.183 of title 14, Code of Federal Reg-
ulations; and 
(2) the Administrator— 
(A) shall consider a flight instructor cer-
tificate described in paragraph (1) as having no 
expiration date; and
141 
(B) may not enforce any regulation attrib-
uted to the renewal of a flight instructor certifi-
cate of an individual. 
(c) SUNSET.—Subsection (b) shall cease to be effec-
tive on the effective date of a final rule issued pursuant 
to subsection (a). 
SEC. 252. CONSISTENCY OF POLICY APPLICATION IN 
FLIGHT STANDARDS AND AIRCRAFT CERTIFI-
CATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The inspector general of the De-
partment of Transportation shall initiate audits, as de-
scribed in subsection (d), of the Flight Standards and Air-
craft Certification Services of the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration, and the personnel of such offices, on the consist-
ency of— 
(1) the interpretation of policies, orders, guid-
ance, and regulations; and 
(2) the application of policies, orders, guidance, 
and regulations. 
(b) COMPONENTS.—In completing the audits re-
quired under this section, the inspector general shall inter-
view stakeholders, including at a minimum, individuals or 
entities that— 
(1) hold a certificate or authorization related to 
the issue being audited under subsection (d);
142 
(2) are from different regions of the country 
with matters before different flight standards dis-
trict offices or aircraft certification offices of the Ad-
ministration; 
(3) work with multiple flight standards district 
offices or aircraft certification offices of the Admin-
istration; or 
(4) hold a single or multiple relevant certifi-
cates or authorizations. 
(c) REPORTS.—The inspector general of the Depart-
ment of Transportation shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Rep-
resentatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate, the Secretary of Transpor-
tation, and the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration a report for each audit required in this sec-
tion, containing the results of the audit, including findings 
and recommendations to the Administrator to improve the 
consistency of decision-making by Flight Standards and 
Aircraft Certification Services offices of the Administra-
tion. 
(d) AUDITS.—The inspector general shall complete 
an audit and issue the associated report required under 
subsection (c) not later than—
143 
(1) 18 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, with regard to supplemental type certifi-
cates; 
(2) 34 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, with regard to repair stations certificated 
under part 145 of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
tions; and 
(3) 50 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, with regard to technical standards orders. 
(e) IMPLEMENTATION.—In addressing any rec-
ommendations from the inspector general contained in the 
reports required under subsection (c), the Administrator 
shall— 
(1) maintain an implementation plan; and 
(2) broadly adopt any best practices to improve 
the consistency of interpretation and application of 
policies, orders, guidance, and regulations by other 
offices of the Administration and with regard to 
other activities of the Administration. 
(f) BRIEFING.—Not later than 6 months after receiv-
ing a report required under subsection (c), the Adminis-
trator shall brief the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the Senate on the implementation plan required under
144 
subsection (d), the status of any recommendation received 
pursuant to this section, and any best practices that are 
being implemented more broadly. 
SEC. 253. APPLICATION OF POLICIES, ORDERS, AND GUID-
ANCE. 
Section 44701 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(g) POLICIES, ORDERS, AND GUIDANCE.— 
‘‘(1) CONSISTENCY OF APPLICATION.—The Ad-
ministrator shall ensure consistency in the applica-
tion of policies, orders, and guidance of the Adminis-
tration by— 
‘‘(A) regular audits of the application and 
interpretation of such material by Administra-
tion personnel from person to person and office 
to office; 
‘‘(B) updating policies, orders, and guid-
ance to resolve inconsistencies and clarify dem-
onstrated ambiguities, such as through repeated 
inconsistent interpretation; and 
‘‘(C) ensuring officials are properly docu-
menting findings and decisions throughout a 
project to decrease the occurrence of duplicative 
work and inconsistent findings by subsequent 
officials assigned to the same project.
145 
‘‘(2) ALTERATIONS.—The Administrator shall 
consult as appropriate with regulated entities who 
will be impacted by proposed changes to the content 
or application of policies, orders, and guidance be-
fore making such changes. 
‘‘(3) AUTHORITIES
AND
REGULATIONS.—The 
Administrator shall issue policies, orders, and guid-
ance documents that are related to a law or regula-
tion or clarify the intent of or compliance with spe-
cific laws and regulations.’’. 
SEC. 254. EXPANSION OF THE REGULATORY CONSISTENCY 
COMMUNICATIONS BOARD. 
Section 224 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 
(49 U.S.C. 44701 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) in paragraph (3) by striking the period 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) the Office of Airports; 
‘‘(5) the Office of Security and Hazardous Ma-
terials Safety; 
‘‘(6) the Office of Rulemaking and Regulatory 
Improvement; and
146 
‘‘(7) such other offices as the Administrator de-
termines appropriate.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (d)(1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
‘‘anonymous regulatory interpretation ques-
tions’’ and inserting ‘‘regulatory interpretation 
questions, including anonymously,’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘anonymous regulatory interpretation ques-
tions’’ and inserting ‘‘regulatory interpretation 
questions, including anonymously’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) Submit recommendations, as needed, to 
the Assistant Administrator for Rulemaking and 
Regulatory Improvement for consideration.’’. 
SEC. 255. EXEMPTION OF FEES FOR AIR TRAFFIC SERV-
ICES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 453 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘§ 45307. Exemption of fees for air traffic services 
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT TO PROVIDE SERVICES AND RE-
LATED SUPPORT.—The Administrator shall provide or en-
sure the provisioning of air traffic services and aviation 
safety support for large, multiday aviation events, includ-
147 
ing airshows and fly-ins, where the average daily number 
of manned operations were 1,000 or greater in at least 
1 of the preceding 3 years, without the imposition or col-
lection of any fee, tax, or other charge for that purpose. 
Amounts for the provision of such services and support 
shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise 
available for the Administration. 
‘‘(b) DETERMINATION OF SERVICES AND SUPPORT 
TO BE PROVIDED.—In determining the services and sup-
port to be provided for an aviation event for purposes of 
subsection (a), the Administrator shall take into account 
the following: 
‘‘(1) The services and support required to meet 
levels of activity at prior events, if any, similar to 
the event. 
‘‘(2) The anticipated need for services and sup-
port at the event.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis of chap-
ter 453 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘Sec. 45307. Exemption of fees for air traffic services.’’. 
(c) CONFORMING REPEAL.—Section 530 of the FAA 
Reauthorization of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 40103 note), and the 
item relating to that section in the table of contents in 
section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed.
148 
SEC. 256. MODERNIZATION OF SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS 
CERTIFICATION RULEMAKING DEADLINE. 
Not later than 24 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration shall issue a final rule for the rulemaking ac-
tivity titled ‘‘Modernization of Special Airworthiness Cer-
tification’’, published in Fall 2022 in the long-term actions 
of the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and Deregu-
latory Actions (RIN 2120–AL50). 
SEC. 257. TERMINATION OF DESIGNEES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall update the Admin-
istration’s Designee Management Policy (FAA Order 
8000.95B), or any successor order, to ensure due process 
and increase transparency in Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration-initiated terminations of designees. 
(b) UPDATES TO THE DESIGNEE MANAGEMENT POL-
ICY.—In updating the Administration’s Designee Manage-
ment Policy under subsection (a), the Administrator shall, 
at a minimum, provide for the following: 
(1) A process by which a designee— 
(A) is notified of the root causes and rea-
sons for a termination initiated by the Adminis-
trator;
149 
(B) is notified of the change in a delegated 
authority to ‘‘suspended’’ or ‘‘terminated’’ dur-
ing a Federal Aviation Administration-initiated 
termination; 
(C) is provided a point of contact, who is 
independent of any investigation or termination 
action involving the designee, within the Admin-
istration, to correspond with for purposes of 
discussing the termination process and the des-
ignee’s status, including the handling of cor-
respondence during the investigation process 
described in paragraph (2), if applicable, and 
the review panel described in paragraph (3); 
(D) is notified of the results of the inves-
tigation described in paragraph (2) in a reason-
able and timely manner, which shall include no-
tice of additional action by the Administrator, 
if required; and 
(E) may respond within 30 calendar days 
to the Administrator if the Administrator deter-
mines that a termination for cause is the appro-
priate course of action and initiates such action. 
(2) An investigation process to determine the 
appropriate outcome in situations in which termi-
150 
nation is being considered by the Administrator, 
which shall include the following elements: 
(A) The root causes and reasons for the 
investigation, including any complaints or alle-
gations. 
(B) Collection of evidence related to the in-
vestigation. 
(C) A review of the facts and cir-
cumstances surrounding the case. 
(D) A review of the designee’s record in 
the designee management system and any rel-
evant background information in the appro-
priate Federal Aviation Administration data-
bases to determine if there is a pattern of inap-
propriate behavior or misconduct. 
(E) A review of the designee’s response to 
the investigation, if provided, to include any 
documentation provided by the designee. 
(F) A decision on the appropriate course of 
action based on the results of the investigation. 
(G) Recording the results of the investiga-
tion in the Federal Aviation Administration’s 
designee management system. 
(H) A notification to the designee that an 
investigation has been initiated, but only after
151 
it is determined through an established process 
that such notification would not adversely im-
pact the investigation or safety. 
(3) A review panel to determine whether a ter-
mination is appropriate when termination for cause 
is a possible outcome upon the completion of the in-
vestigation described in paragraph (2), of which 
such review panel shall— 
(A) consider the elements of the investiga-
tion process provided for under paragraph (2), 
including the designee’s response to the inves-
tigation and any associated documents, if pro-
vided; and 
(B) complete the review process within 45 
calendar days of the Administrator initiating a 
for cause termination decision of a designee. 
(c) SUBSEQUENT REVIEW FOR DESIGNATED PILOT 
EXAMINERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall set 
up a process through which a Designated Pilot Ex-
aminer terminated for cause may request a subse-
quent review by the Executive Director of the Flight 
Standards Service. 
(2) REQUEST.—A Designated Pilot Examiner 
terminated for cause may request a subsequent re-
152 
view described in paragraph (1) not later than 15 
calendar days after termination, 
(3) REVIEW.—The Executive Director shall re-
view all relevant information and facts by which the 
decision was made to terminate the designee, includ-
ing the information considered by the review panel, 
and issue a final determination. 
(4) TIMING.—Such final determination shall be 
issued by the Director not later than 45 calendar 
days upon receiving the request. 
(d) LIMITATION
ON INVESTIGATION
AND REVIEW 
PANEL PARTICIPANTS.—An Administration employee in-
volved in the selection, appointment, or management of 
a designee the Administrator is investigating or termi-
nating for cause may not be party— 
(1) to an investigation described in subsection 
(b)(2) of such designee; or 
(2) participating on a review panel described in 
subsection (b)(3) pertaining to such designee. 
SEC. 258. PART 135 CHECK AIRMEN REFORMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall assign to the Aviation Rule-
making Advisory Committee (in this section referred to 
as the ‘‘Committee’’) the task of reviewing all regulations 
and policies related to check airmen for air carrier oper-
153 
ations conducted under part 135 of title 14, Code of Fed-
eral Regulations. 
(b) DUTIES.—The Committee shall— 
(1) review the processes and requirements by 
which authorized check airmen are selected, trained, 
and approved by the Administrator, and provide rec-
ommendations with respect to the regulatory and 
policy changes necessary to ensure efficient training 
and utilization of such check airmen; 
(2) review differences in qualification standards 
between an inspector of the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration and an authorized check airmen in evalu-
ating and certifying the knowledge and skills of pi-
lots; and 
(3) make recommendations with respect to the 
regulatory and policy changes necessary to allow au-
thorized check airmen to perform duties beyond the 
duties permitted on the date of enactment of this 
Act. 
(c) ACTION BASED
ON RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not 
later than 1 year after receiving recommendations under 
subsection (a), the Administrator shall take such action 
as the Administrator considers appropriate with respect 
to such recommendations.
154 
(d) DEFINITION OF AUTHORIZED CHECK AIRMAN.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘authorized check airman’’ 
means an individual employed by an air carrier that meets 
the qualifications and training requirements of sections 
135.337 and 135.339 of title 14, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, and is approved to evaluate and certify the knowl-
edge and skills of pilots employed by such air carrier. 
Subtitle D—Other Provisions 
SEC. 261. REQUIRED CONSULTATION WITH NATIONAL 
PARKS OVERFLIGHTS ADVISORY GROUP. 
Section 40128(b)(4) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (C) by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(2) in subparagraph (D) by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(E) consult with the advisory group es-
tablished under section 805 of the National 
Parks Air Tour Management Act of 2000 (49 
U.S.C. 40128 note) and consider all advice, in-
formation, and recommendations provided by 
the advisory group to the Administrator and the 
Director.’’.
155 
SEC. 262. SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN REGULATORY REFORM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Beginning on the date that is 30 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the following 
regulations shall cease to apply to any aircraft operating 
below 41,000 feet above mean sea level: 
(1) Paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 135.89(b) 
of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (or any suc-
cessor regulations). 
(2) Paragraphs (1)(ii) and (2) of section 
91.211(b) of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations 
(or any successor regulations). 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall issue 
a final regulation revising the provisions of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations, described in paragraphs (1) and 
(2) of subsection (a) to conform to the limitation in appli-
cability pursuant to subsection (a). 
SEC. 263. EXCLUSION OF GYROPLANES FROM FUEL SYSTEM 
REQUIREMENTS. 
Section 44737 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘rotorcraft’’ and inserting ‘‘heli-
copter’’ each place it appears (including in any head-
ings); and 
(2) by adding at the end the following:
156 
‘‘(d) EXEMPTION.—A helicopter issued an experi-
mental certificate under section 21.191 of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations), or 
operating under a Special Flight Permit issued under sec-
tion 21.197 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
any successor regulations), is exempt from the require-
ments of this section.’’. 
SEC. 264. AIRSHOW VENUE INFORMATION, AWARENESS, 
TRAINING, AND EDUCATION PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 4 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a pro-
gram, in cooperation with the National Center for the Ad-
vancement of Aerospace, to be known as the ‘‘Airshow 
Venue Information, Awareness, Training, and Education 
Program’’ (in this section referred to as the ‘‘AVIATE 
Program’’). 
(b) OBJECTIVE.—The objectives of the AVIATE Pro-
gram shall be— 
(1) to make information available to general 
aviation airport managers, local government officials, 
and other relevant stakeholders about how to host 
an airshow;
157 
(2) to provide guidance and resources to help 
organizers plan and execute airshows and aerial 
events, including— 
(A) compliance with all applicable regula-
tions; 
(B) providing technical assistance in estab-
lishing— 
(i) emergency response plans; and 
(ii) communication plans between rel-
evant event stakeholders, including local 
enforcement and emergency first respond-
ers; and 
(C) ensuring protection of the public, per-
formers, and airport personnel; 
(3) to promote public awareness and engage-
ment with airshows and aerial events, including op-
portunities for community education, outreach, and 
involvement; and 
(4) to provide access to tools and resources that 
enable general aviation airport managers, local gov-
ernment officials, and other relevant stakeholders to 
understand the impact of airshows and aerial events 
on local economies and communities.
158 
(c) ADMINISTRATION.—In carrying out the AVIATE 
Program, the Administrator shall consult and coordinate, 
as appropriate, with relevant stakeholders, including— 
(1) airshow safety experts; 
(2) general aviation aircraft owners and opera-
tors, including experimental aircraft owners and op-
erators; 
(3) general aviation airports, including airport 
officials; 
(4) air traffic control specialists with knowledge 
of coordinating airshows and aerial events, including 
experts from the exclusive bargaining representative 
of air traffic controllers certified under section 7111 
of title 5, United States Code; and 
(5) experts from the exclusive bargaining rep-
resentative of air traffic controllers certified under 
section 7111 of title 5, United States Code. 
SEC. 265. LOW ALTITUDE ROTORCRAFT AND POWERED- 
LIFT OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall, as appropriate, es-
tablish or update low altitude routes and flight procedures 
to ensure safe rotorcraft and powered-lift aircraft oper-
159 
ations within Class B airspace of the national airspace sys-
tem. 
(b) FLIGHT PROCEDURES.—In carrying out sub-
section (a), the Administrator shall, as appropriate, estab-
lish or update approach and departure procedures at pub-
lic-use airports and heliports within Class B airspace for 
rotorcraft and powered-lift aircraft operations. 
(c) FLIGHT ROUTES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this section, 
the Administrator shall revise part 71 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations, as necessary, to estab-
lish or update low altitude routes related to Class B 
airspace operations for rotorcraft and powered-lift 
aircraft. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out this 
section, the Administrator shall consider the impact 
of such low altitude flight routes described in para-
graph (1) on other airspace users and impacted 
communities to ensure that such routes are designed 
to minimize— 
(A) the potential for conflict with existing 
national airspace system operations; 
(B) the workload of air traffic controllers; 
and
160 
(C) negative effects to impacted commu-
nities. 
(d) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out this section, 
the Administrator shall develop the procedures and routes 
required under subsection (b) and (c) in consultation 
with— 
(1) rotorcraft operators, including air ambu-
lance operators; 
(2) powered-lift operators; 
(3) exclusive bargaining representatives of air 
traffic controllers certified under section 7111 of 
title 5, United States Code; and 
(4) any other relevant stakeholders as deter-
mined by the Administrator. 
SEC. 266. BASICMED IN NORTH AMERICA. 
The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration shall seek to facilitate the recognition of medical 
qualifications under part 68 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations, with civil aviation authorities in Canada and 
such other foreign countries that the Administrator deter-
mines are appropriate. 
SEC. 267. ELIMINATE AVIATION GASOLINE LEAD EMIS-
SIONS. 
(a) EAGLE INITIATIVE.—
161 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration shall continue to 
partner with industry and other Federal Government 
stakeholders in carrying out the Eliminate Aviation 
Gasoline Lead Emissions Initiative (in this section 
referred to as the ‘‘EAGLE Initiative’’). 
(2) FAA RESPONSIBILITIES.—In collaborating 
with industry and other Government stakeholders to 
carry out the EAGLE Initiative, the Administrator 
shall take such actions as may be necessary under 
the Administrator’s authority to facilitate— 
(A) the safe elimination of the use of lead-
ed aviation gasoline by piston-engine aircraft by 
the end of 2030 without adversely affecting the 
piston-engine aircraft fleet; 
(B) the approval of unleaded alternatives 
to leaded aviation gasoline for use in all piston- 
engine aircraft types and piston-engine types; 
(C) the implementation of the require-
ments of section 431 as they relate to the con-
tinued availability of aviation gasoline; 
(D) efforts to make approved unleaded 
aviation gasoline widely available at airports; 
and
162 
(E) the development and implementation 
of a transition plan to safely expedite the tran-
sition of the piston-engine general aviation air-
craft fleet to unleaded fuels by 2030. 
(3) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the Adminis-
tration’s responsibilities pursuant to paragraph (2), 
the Administrator, at a minimum, shall— 
(A) develop and publish, as soon as prac-
ticable, a fleet authorization process for the ef-
ficient approval or authorization of unleaded 
aviation gasolines; 
(B) review, update, and prioritize, as soon 
as practicable, certification processes and 
projects for aircraft engines and modifications 
to such engines to operate with unleaded avia-
tion gasoline; 
(C) evaluate and support programs that 
accelerate the creation, evaluation, qualification, 
deployment, and use of unleaded aviation gaso-
lines; 
(D) carry out, in partnership with the gen-
eral aviation community, an ongoing campaign 
for training and educating aircraft owners and 
operators on how to safely transition to un-
leaded aviation gasoline;
163 
(E) evaluate aircraft and aircraft engines 
to ensure that such aircraft and aircraft en-
gines can operate with unleaded aviation gaso-
line candidates during cold weather conditions; 
and 
(F) facilitate Government policy, regu-
latory proposals, and voluntary consensus 
standards with the objective of achieving the 
following: 
(i) Establishing a commercially viable 
supply chain for unleaded aviation gaso-
lines. 
(ii) Facilitating market-based produc-
tion and distribution of unleaded aviation 
gasolines. 
(iii) 
Encouraging 
procurement 
of 
equipment required for the deployment, 
storage, and dispensing of unleaded avia-
tion gasolines. 
(4) CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION WITH 
RELEVANT
STAKEHOLDERS.—In carrying out the 
EAGLE Initiative, the Administrator shall continue 
to consult and coordinate, as appropriate, with rel-
evant stakeholders, including—
164 
(A) general aviation aircraft engine, air-
craft propulsion, and aircraft airframe manu-
facturers; 
(B) general aviation aircraft users, aircraft 
owners, aircraft pilots, and aircraft operators; 
(C) airports, heliports, and fixed-base oper-
ators; 
(D) State, local, and Tribal airport offi-
cials or public agencies, with representation 
from both urban and rural areas; 
(E) representatives of the petroleum indus-
try, including developers, refiners, producers, 
and distributors of unleaded aviation gasolines; 
and 
(F) air carriers and commercial operators 
operating under part 135 of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations. 
(5) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.— 
(A) INITIAL
REPORT.—Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate a report that—
165 
(i) contains an updated strategic plan 
for developing a fleet authorization process 
for efficient approval and use of unleaded 
aviation gasolines; 
(ii) describes the structure and in-
volvement of all Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration offices that have responsibilities de-
scribed in paragraph (2); and 
(iii) identifies cost-effective policy ini-
tiatives, regulatory initiatives, or legislative 
initiatives needed to improve and enhance 
the timely transition to unleaded aviation 
gasoline for the piston-engine aircraft fleet. 
(B) ANNUAL REPORTING.—Not later than 
1 year after the date on which the Adminis-
trator submits the initial report under subpara-
graph (A), and annually thereafter, the Admin-
istrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate an annual report on activities and progress 
of the EAGLE Initiative. 
(C) SUNSET.—Subparagraph (B) shall 
cease to be effective after December 31, 2030.
166 
(b) TRANSITION PLAN TO UNLEADED FUELS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In developing the transition 
plan under subsection (a)(2)(E), the Administrator 
shall, at a minimum, assess the following: 
(A) Efforts undertaken by the EAGLE 
Initiative, including progress towards— 
(i) safely eliminating the use of leaded 
aviation gasoline by piston-engine aircraft 
by the end of 2030 without adversely af-
fecting the piston-engine aircraft fleet; 
(ii) approving unleaded alternatives to 
leaded aviation gasoline for use in all pis-
ton-engine aircraft types and piston-engine 
types; and 
(iii) facilitating efforts to make ap-
proved unleaded aviation gasoline widely 
available at airports. 
(B) The evaluation and development of 
necessary airport infrastructure, including fuel 
storage and dispensing facilities, to support the 
distribution and storage of unleaded aviation 
gasoline. 
(C) The establishment of best practices for 
piston-engine aircraft owners and operators, 
airport managers and personnel, aircraft main-
167 
tenance technicians, and other appropriate per-
sonnel for protecting against exposure to lead 
containment when— 
(i) conducting fueling operations; 
(ii) disposing of inspected gasoline 
samples; 
(iii) performing aircraft maintenance; 
and 
(iii) conducting engine run-ups. 
(D) Efforts to address supply chain and 
other logistical barriers inhibiting the timely 
distribution of unleaded aviation gasoline to air-
ports. 
(E) Outreach efforts to educate and up-
date piston-engine aircraft owners and opera-
tors, airport operators, and other members of 
the general aviation community on the potential 
benefits, availability, and safety of unleaded 
aviation gasoline. 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing such transi-
tion plan, the Administrator shall consult, at a min-
imum, with representatives of entities described in 
subsection (a)(4).
168 
(3) PUBLICATION; GUIDANCE.—Upon comple-
tion of developing such transition plan, the Adminis-
trator shall— 
(A) make the plan available to the public 
on an appropriate webpage of the Administra-
tion; and 
(B) provide guidance supporting the imple-
mentation of the transition plan. 
(4) COORDINATION WITH EAGLE INITIATIVE.— 
In developing such transition plan and associated 
guidance pertaining to the implementation of such 
transition plan, the Administrator shall consult and 
coordinate with individuals carrying out the EAGLE 
Initiative. 
(5) MAPPING
UNLEADED
AVIATION
GASO-
LINE.—The Administrator shall develop and con-
tinuously update websites, brochures, and other com-
munication materials associated with such transition 
plan to clearly convey the availability of unleaded 
aviation gasoline at airports. 
(6) BRIEFING TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 
60 days after the publication of such transition plan, 
the Administrator shall brief the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce,
169 
Science, and Technology of the Senate on such tran-
sition plan and any efforts or actions pertaining to 
the implementation of such transition plan. 
TITLE III—AEROSPACE 
WORKFORCE 
Subtitle A—Growing the Talent 
Pool 
SEC. 301. EXTENSION OF AVIATION WORKFORCE DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAMS. 
Section 625(b)(1) of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 
2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) is amended by striking ‘‘sec-
tion 48105’’ and all that follows through the period at the 
end and inserting the following: ‘‘section 48105 of title 
49, United States Code, not more than— 
‘‘(A) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2024 through 2026 is authorized to be ex-
pended to provide grants under the program es-
tablished under subsection (a)(1); and 
‘‘(B) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2024 through 2026 is authorized to provide 
grants under the program established under 
subsection (a)(2). 
‘‘(C) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2024 through 2026 is authorized to be ex-
170 
pended to provide grants under the program es-
tablished under subsection (a)(3).’’. 
SEC. 302. IMPROVING AVIATION WORKFORCE DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAMS. 
(a) MANUFACTURING PROGRAM.—Section 625(a) of 
the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 
note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking the period and 
inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) a program to provide grants for eligible 
projects to support the education and recruitment of 
aviation manufacturing workers and the development 
of the aviation manufacturing workforce.’’. 
(b) PROJECT GRANTS.—Section 625(b) of the FAA 
Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘$500,000’’ 
and inserting ‘‘$750,000’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) EDUCATION
PROJECTS.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that not less than 20 percent of the 
amounts authorized to be expended under this sub-
171 
section shall be used to carry out a grant program 
which shall be referred to as the ‘Willa Brown Avia-
tion Education Program’ (in this paragraph referred 
to as the ‘Program’) under which the Secretary shall 
provide grants for eligible projects described in sub-
section (d) that are carried out in communities in 
counties containing at least 1 qualified opportunity 
zone (as such term is defined in section 1400Z–1(a) 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986).’’. 
(c) ELIGIBLE APPLICATIONS.—Section 625(c) of the 
FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) 
is amended by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(1) APPLICATION FOR AIRCRAFT PILOT PRO-
GRAM.—An application for a grant under the pro-
gram established under subsection (a)(1) may be 
submitted, in such form as the Secretary may speci-
fy, by— 
‘‘(A) an air carrier, as defined in section 
40102 of title 49, United States Code; 
‘‘(B) an entity that holds management 
specifications under subpart K of title 91 of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations; 
‘‘(C) an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 101 of the Higher Education
172 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), a postsecondary 
vocational institution (as defined in section 
102(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1002)), or a high school or sec-
ondary school (as such terms are defined in sec-
tion 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)); 
‘‘(D) a flight school that provides flight 
training, as defined in part 61 of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations, or that holds a pilot 
school certificate under part 141 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations; 
‘‘(E) a labor organization representing pro-
fessional pilots; 
‘‘(F) an aviation-related nonprofit organi-
zation described in section 501(c)(3) of the In-
ternal Revenue Code of 1986 that is exempt 
from taxation under section 501(a) of such 
Code; or 
‘‘(G) a State, local, territorial, or Tribal 
governmental entity. 
‘‘(2) APPLICATION
FOR
AVIATION
MAINTE-
NANCE PROGRAM.—An application for a grant under 
the program established under subsection (a)(2) may
173 
be submitted, in such form as the Secretary may 
specify, by— 
‘‘(A) a holder of a certificate issued under 
part 21, 121, 135, 145, or 147 of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations; 
‘‘(B) a labor organization representing 
aviation maintenance workers; 
‘‘(C) an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 101 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), a postsecondary 
vocational institution (as defined in section 
102(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1002)), or a high school or sec-
ondary school (as such terms are defined in sec-
tion 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)); 
‘‘(D) an aviation-related nonprofit organi-
zation described in section 501(c)(3) of the In-
ternal Revenue Code of 1986 that is exempt 
from taxation under section 501(a) of such 
Code; or 
‘‘(E) a State, local, territorial, or Tribal 
governmental entity. 
‘‘(3) APPLICATION
FOR
AVIATION
MANUFAC-
TURING
PROGRAM.—An application for a grant
174 
under the program established under subsection 
(a)(3) may be submitted, in such form as the Sec-
retary may specify, by— 
‘‘(A) an entity that— 
‘‘(i) actively designs or manufactures 
any aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or 
appliance, or a component, part, or system 
thereof, covered under a type or production 
certificate issued under section 44704; and 
‘‘(ii) has significant operations in the 
United States and a majority of the em-
ployees of such entity that are engaged in 
aviation manufacturing or development ac-
tivities and services are based in the 
United States; 
‘‘(B) an institution of higher education (as 
defined in section 101 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), a postsecondary 
vocational institution (as defined in section 
102(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1002)), or a high school or sec-
ondary school (as such terms are defined in sec-
tion 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801));
175 
‘‘(C) an aviation-related nonprofit organi-
zation described in section 501(c)(3) of the In-
ternal Revenue Code of 1986 that is exempt 
from taxation under section 501(a) of such 
Code; or 
‘‘(D) a State, local, territorial, or Tribal 
governmental entity.’’. 
(d) ELIGIBLE PROJECTS.—Section 625(d) of the 
FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) 
is amended by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(1) AIRCRAFT PILOT PROGRAM.—For purposes 
of the program established under subsection (a)(1), 
an eligible project is a project— 
‘‘(A) to create and deliver curriculum that 
provides high school or secondary school stu-
dents with meaningful aviation education to be-
come aircraft pilots, aerospace engineers, or un-
manned aircraft systems operators, including 
purchasing and operating a computer-based 
simulator associated with such curriculum; 
‘‘(B) to support the professional develop-
ment of teachers using the curriculum described 
in subparagraph (A);
176 
‘‘(C) to establish or improve apprentice-
ship, internship, or scholarship programs for in-
dividuals pursuing employment as an aviation 
pilot; 
‘‘(D) to create and deliver curriculum that 
provides certified flight instructors with the 
necessary instructional, leadership, and commu-
nication skills to better educate student pilots; 
‘‘(E) to support transition to professional 
pilot careers, including for members of the 
Armed Forces; or 
‘‘(F) to support robust outreach about ca-
reers in the commercial aviation as a profes-
sional pilot, including outreach to primary, sec-
ondary, and post-secondary school students. 
‘‘(2) AVIATION MAINTENANCE PROGRAM.—For 
purposes of the program established under sub-
section (a)(2), an eligible project is a project— 
‘‘(A) to create and deliver curriculum that 
provides high school and secondary school stu-
dents with meaningful aviation maintenance 
education to become an aviation mechanic or 
aviation maintenance technician, including pur-
chasing and operating equipment associated 
with such curriculum;
177 
‘‘(B) to support the professional develop-
ment of teachers using the curriculum described 
in subparagraph (A); 
‘‘(C) to establish or improve apprentice-
ship, internship, or scholarship programs for in-
dividuals pursuing employment in the aviation 
maintenance industry; 
‘‘(D) to support transition to aviation 
maintenance careers, including for members of 
the Armed Forces; or 
‘‘(E) to support robust outreach about ca-
reers in the aviation maintenance industry, in-
cluding outreach to primary, secondary, and 
post-secondary school students. 
‘‘(3) AVIATION
MANUFACTURING
PROGRAM.— 
For purposes of the program established under sub-
section (a)(3), and eligible project is a project— 
‘‘(A) to create and deliver curriculum that 
provides high school and secondary school stu-
dents with meaningful aviation manufacturing 
education, including teaching the technical 
skills used in the production of components, 
parts, or systems thereof for inclusion in an air-
craft, aircraft engine, propeller, or appliance;
178 
‘‘(B) to support the professional develop-
ment of teachers using the curriculum described 
in subparagraph (A); 
‘‘(C) to establish apprenticeship, intern-
ship, or scholarship programs for individuals 
pursuing employment in the aviation manufac-
turing industry; 
‘‘(D) to support transition to aviation 
manufacturing careers, including for members 
of the Armed Forces; or 
‘‘(E) to support robust outreach about ca-
reers in the aviation manufacturing industry, 
including outreach to primary, secondary, and 
post-secondary school students.’’. 
(e) 
REPORTING
AND
MONITORING
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—Section 625 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 
2018 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) is amended by adding at 
the end the following: 
‘‘(f) 
REPORTING
AND
MONITORING
REQUIRE-
MENTS.—The Secretary shall establish reasonable report-
ing and monitoring requirements for grant recipients 
under this section to measure relevant outcomes for the 
grant programs established under paragraphs (1), (2), 
and (3) of subsection (a). 
‘‘(g) NOTICE OF GRANTS.—
179 
‘‘(1) TIMELY PUBLIC NOTICE.—The Secretary 
shall provide public notice of any grant awarded 
under this section in a timely fashion after the Sec-
retary awards such grant. 
‘‘(2) NOTICE
TO
CONGRESS.—The Secretary 
shall provide to the Committee on Transportation 
and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate advance notice of a 
grant to be made under this section. 
‘‘(h) TERMINATION.—The authority of the Secretary 
to issue grants under this section shall terminate on Sep-
tember 30, 2026.’’. 
SEC. 303. NATIONAL CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF 
AEROSPACE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 1 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘§ 120. National Center for the Advancement of Aero-
space 
‘‘(a) FEDERAL CHARTER AND STATUS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The National Center for 
the Advancement of Aerospace (in this section re-
ferred to as the ‘Center’) is a federally chartered en-
tity which shall be incorporated in the District of
180 
Columbia. The Center is a private independent enti-
ty, not a department, agency, or instrumentality of 
the United States Government or a component 
thereof. Except as provided in subsection (f)(1), an 
officer or employee of the Center is not an officer or 
employee of the Federal Government. 
‘‘(2) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as oth-
erwise provided, the Center shall have perpetual ex-
istence. 
‘‘(b) GOVERNING BODY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board of Directors (in 
this section referred to as the ‘Board’) is the gov-
erning body of the Center. 
‘‘(2) AUTHORITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall adopt 
bylaws, policies, and procedures to carry out the 
purpose of the Center and may take any other 
action that it considers necessary (in accord-
ance with the duties and powers of the Center) 
for the management and operation of the Cen-
ter. The Board is responsible for the general 
policies and management of the Center and for 
the control of all funds of the Center. 
‘‘(B) POWERS
OF
BOARD.—The Board 
shall have the power to do the following:
181 
‘‘(i) Adopt and alter a corporate seal. 
‘‘(ii) Establish and maintain offices to 
conduct its activities. 
‘‘(iii) Enter into contracts or agree-
ments as a private entity not subject to the 
requirements of title 41. 
‘‘(iv) Acquire, own, lease, encumber, 
transfer, and dispose of property as nec-
essary and appropriate to carry out the 
purposes of the Center. 
‘‘(v) Publish documents and other 
publications in a publicly accessible man-
ner. 
‘‘(vi) Incur and pay obligations as a 
private entity not subject to the require-
ments of title 31. 
‘‘(vii) Perform any other act necessary 
and proper to carry out the purposes of 
the Center as described in its bylaws or 
duties outlined in this section. 
‘‘(3) MEMBERSHIP OF THE BOARD.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall have 
10 Directors as follows: 
‘‘(i) EX-OFFICIO
MEMBERSHIP.—The 
following individuals, or their designees,
182 
shall be considered ex-officio members of 
the Board: 
‘‘(I) The Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration. 
‘‘(II) The Executive Director, 
pursuant to paragraph (5)(D). 
‘‘(ii) APPOINTMENTS.— 
‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—From among 
those members of the public who are 
highly 
respected 
and 
have 
exert 
knowledge and experience in the fields 
of aviation, finance, or academia— 
‘‘(aa) 
the 
Secretary 
of 
Transportation shall appoint 5 
members to the Board; 
‘‘(bb) the Secretary of De-
fense shall appoint 1 member to 
the Board; 
‘‘(cc) the Secretary of Vet-
erans Affairs shall appoint 1 
member to the Board; and 
‘‘(dd) the Secretary of Edu-
cation shall appoint 1 member to 
the Board. 
‘‘(II) TERMS.—
183 
‘‘(aa) IN
GENERAL.—The 
members appointed under sub-
clause (I) shall serve for a term 
of 3 years and may be re-
appointed. 
‘‘(bb) 
STAGGERING 
TERMS.—The Board shall stag-
ger the duration of the terms of 
the initial members appointed to 
promote the stability of the 
Board. 
‘‘(B) VACANCIES.—A vacancy on the 
Board shall be filled in the same manner as the 
initial appointment. 
‘‘(C) STATUS.—All Members of the Board 
shall have equal voting powers, regardless if 
they are ex-officio members or appointed. 
‘‘(4) CHAIR OF THE BOARD.—The Board shall 
choose a Chair of the Board from among the mem-
bers of the Board that are not ex-officio members 
under paragraph (3)(A)(i). 
‘‘(5) ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS.— 
‘‘(A) MEETINGS.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall 
meet at the call of the Chair but not less
184 
than 2 times each year and may, as appro-
priate, conduct business by telephone or 
other electronic means. 
‘‘(ii) OPEN.— 
‘‘(I) IN
GENERAL.—Except as 
provided in subclause (II), a meeting 
of the Board shall be open to the pub-
lic. 
‘‘(II) EXCEPTION.—A meeting, 
or any portion of a meeting, may be 
closed if the Board, in public session, 
votes to close the meeting because the 
matters to be discussed— 
‘‘(aa) relate solely to the in-
ternal personnel rules, practices, 
and matters of the Center; 
‘‘(bb) may result in disclo-
sure of commercial or financial 
information obtained from a per-
son that is privileged or confiden-
tial; 
‘‘(cc) may disclose informa-
tion of a personal nature where 
disclosure would constitute an