carcerated in a Federal or State correctional fa-
cility increased by more than 100 percent, from
approximately 
900,000 
to 
approximately
2,000,000. In 1999, 2.1 percent of all children
in the United States had a parent in Federal or
State prison.
‘‘(B) Prior to incarceration, 64 percent of
female prisoners and 44 percent of male pris-
oners in State facilities lived with their children.
‘‘(C) Nearly 90 percent of the children of
incarcerated fathers live with their mothers,
and 79 percent of the children of incarcerated
mothers live with a grandparent or other rel-
ative.
‘‘(D) Parental arrest and confinement lead
to stress, trauma, stigmatization, and separa-
tion problems for children. These problems are
coupled with existing problems that include pov-
erty, violence, parental substance abuse, high-
crime environments, intrafamilial abuse, child
abuse and neglect, multiple care givers, and/or
prior separations. As a result, these children
often exhibit a broad variety of behavioral, emo-
tional, health, and educational problems that
are often compounded by the pain of separa-
tion.
‘‘(E) Empirical research demonstrates that
mentoring is a potent force for improving chil-
dren’s behavior across all risk behaviors affect-
ing health. Quality, one-on-one relationships
that provide young people with caring role mod-
els for future success have profound, life-chang-
ing potential. Done right, mentoring markedly
advances youths’ life prospects. A widely cited
1995 study by Public/Private Ventures meas-
ured the impact of one Big Brothers Big Sis-
ters program and found significant effects in
the lives of youth—cutting first-time drug use
by almost half and first-time alcohol use by
about a third, reducing school absenteeism by
half, cutting assaultive behavior by a third, im-
proving parental and peer relationships, giving
youth greater confidence in their school work,
and improving academic performance.
‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is
to authorize the Secretary to make competitive
grants to applicants in areas with substantial num-
bers of children of incarcerated parents, to support
the establishment or expansion and operation of pro-
grams using a network of public and private commu-
nity entities to provide mentoring services for chil-
dren of prisoners.
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
‘‘(1) CHILDREN
OF
PRISONERS.—The term
‘children of prisoners’ means children one or both of
whose parents are incarcerated in a Federal, State,
or local correctional facility. The term is deemed to
include children who are in an ongoing mentoring
relationship in a program under this section at the
time of their parents’ release from prison, for pur-
poses of continued participation in the program.
‘‘(2) 
MENTORING.—The 
term 
‘mentoring’
means a structured, managed program in which chil-
dren are appropriately matched with screened and
trained adult volunteers for one-on-one relationships,
involving meetings and activities on a regular basis,
intended to meet, in part, the child’s need for in-
volvement with a caring and supportive adult who
provides a positive role model.
‘‘(3) MENTORING SERVICES.—The term ‘men-
toring services’ means those services and activities
that support a structured, managed program of
mentoring, including the management by trained
personnel of outreach to, and screening of, eligible
children; outreach to, education and training of, and
liaison with sponsoring local organizations; screening
and training of adult volunteers; matching of chil-
dren with suitable adult volunteer mentors; support
and oversight of the mentoring relationship; and es-
tablishment of goals and evaluation of outcomes for
mentored children.
‘‘(c) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.—From the amounts
appropriated under subsection (h) for a fiscal year that
remain after applying subsection (h)(2), the Secretary
shall make grants under this section for each of fiscal
years 2002 through 2006 to State or local governments,
tribal governments or tribal consortia, faith-based organi-
zations, and community-based organizations in areas that
have significant numbers of children of prisoners and that
submit applications meeting the requirements of this sec-
tion, in amounts that do not exceed $5,000,000 per grant.
‘‘(d) APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.—In order to be
eligible for a grant under this section, the chief executive
officer of the applicant must submit to the Secretary an
application containing the following:
‘‘(1) PROGRAM DESIGN.—A description of the
proposed program, including—
‘‘(A) a list of local public and private orga-
nizations and entities that will participate in
the mentoring network;
‘‘(B) the name, description, and qualifica-
tions of the entity that will coordinate and over-
see the activities of the mentoring network;
‘‘(C) the number of mentor-child matches
proposed to be established and maintained an-
nually under the program;
‘‘(D) such information as the Secretary
may require concerning the methods to be used
to recruit, screen support, and oversee individ-
uals participating as mentors, (which methods
shall include criminal background checks on the
individuals), and to evaluate outcomes for par-
ticipating children, including information nec-
essary to demonstrate compliance with require-
ments established by the Secretary for the pro-
gram; and
‘‘(E) such other information as the Sec-
retary may require.
‘‘(2) COMMUNITY
CONSULTATION; COORDINA-
TION
WITH
OTHER
PROGRAMS.—A demonstration
that, in developing and implementing the program,
the applicant will, to the extent feasible and
appropriate—
‘‘(A) consult with public and private com-
munity entities, including religious organiza-
tions, and including, as appropriate, Indian
tribal organizations and urban Indian organiza-
tions, and with family members of potential cli-
ents;
‘‘(B) coordinate the programs and activi-
ties under the program with other Federal,
State, and local programs serving children and
youth; and
‘‘(C) consult with appropriate Federal,
State, and local corrections, workforce develop-
ment, and substance abuse and mental health
agencies.
‘‘(3) EQUAL ACCESS FOR LOCAL SERVICE PRO-
VIDERS.—An assurance that public and private enti-
ties and community organizations, including reli-
gious organizations and Indian organizations, will be
eligible to participate on an equal basis.
‘‘(4) RECORDS, REPORTS, AND
AUDITS.—An
agreement that the applicant will maintain such
records, make such reports, and cooperate with such
reviews or audits as the Secretary may find nec-
essary for purposes of oversight of project activities
and expenditures.
‘‘(5) EVALUATION.—An agreement that the ap-
plicant will cooperate fully with the Secretary’s on-
going and final evaluation of the program under the
plan, by means including providing the Secretary ac-
cess to the program and program-related records
and documents, staff, and grantees receiving funding
under the plan.
‘‘(e) FEDERAL SHARE.—
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—A grant for a program
under this section shall be available to pay a per-
centage share of the costs of the program up to—
‘‘(A) 75 percent for the first and second
fiscal years for which the grant is awarded; and
‘‘(B) 50 percent for the third and each
succeeding such fiscal years.
‘‘(2) NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—The non-Federal
share of the cost of projects under this section may
be in cash or in kind. In determining the amount of
the non-Federal share, the Secretary may attribute
fair market value to goods, services, and facilities
contributed from non-Federal sources.
‘‘(f) CONSIDERATIONS IN AWARDING GRANTS.—In
awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall
take into consideration—
‘‘(1) the qualifications and capacity of appli-
cants and networks of organizations to effectively
carry out a mentoring program under this section;
‘‘(2) the comparative severity of need for men-
toring services in local areas, taking into consider-
ation data on the numbers of children (and in par-
ticular of low-income children) with an incarcerated
parents (or parents) in the areas;
‘‘(3) evidence of consultation with existing
youth and family service programs, as appropriate;
and
‘‘(4) any other factors the Secretary may deem
significant with respect to the need for or the poten-
tial success of carrying out a mentoring program
under this section.
‘‘(g) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall conduct an
evaluation of the programs conducted pursuant to this sec-
tion, and submit to the Congress not later than April 15,
2005, a report on the findings of the evaluation.
‘‘(h) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS; RES-
ERVATION OF CERTAIN AMOUNTS.—
‘‘(1) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to
be 
appropriated 
to 
carry 
out 
this 
section
$67,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 and 2003,
and such sums as may be necessary for each suc-
ceeding fiscal year.
‘‘(2) RESERVATION.—The Secretary shall re-
serve 2.5 percent of the amount appropriated for
each fiscal year under paragraph (1) for expenditure
by the Secretary for research, technical assistance,
and evaluation related to programs under this sec-
tion.’’.
TITLE II—FOSTER CARE AND
INDEPENDENT LIVING
SEC. 201. EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING VOUCHERS FOR
YOUTHS AGING OUT OF FOSTER CARE.
(a) PURPOSE.—Section 477(a) (42 U.S.C. 677(a)) is
amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph
(4);
(2) by striking the period at the end of para-
graph (5) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
‘‘(6) to make available vouchers for education
and training, including postsecondary training and
education, to youths who have aged out of foster
care.’’.
(b) EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING VOUCHERS.—Sec-
tion 477 (42 U.S.C. 677) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
‘‘(i) EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING VOUCHERS.—The
following conditions shall apply to a State educational and
training voucher program under this section:
‘‘(1) Vouchers under the program may be avail-
able to youths otherwise eligible for services under
the State program under this section.
‘‘(2) For purposes of the voucher program,
youths adopted from foster care after attaining age
16 may be considered to be youths otherwise eligible
for services under the State program under this sec-
tion.
‘‘(3) The State may allow youths participating
in the voucher program on the date they attain 21
years of age to remain eligible until they attain 23
years of age, as long as they are enrolled in a post-
secondary education or training program and are
making satisfactory progress toward completion of
that program.
‘‘(4) The voucher or vouchers provided for an
individual under this section—
‘‘(A) may be available for the cost of at-
tendance at an institution of higher education,
as defined in section 102 of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965; and
‘‘(B) shall not exceed the lesser of $5,000
per year or the total cost of attendance, as de-
fined in section 472 of that Act.
‘‘(5) The amount of a voucher under this sec-
tion may be disregarded for purposes of determining
the recipient’s eligibility for, or the amount of, any
other Federal or Federally supported assistance, ex-
cept that the total amount of educational assistance
to a youth under this section and under other Fed-
eral and Federally supported programs shall not ex-
ceed the total cost of attendance, as defined in sec-
tion 472 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, and
except that the State agency shall take appropriate
steps to prevent duplication of benefits under this
and other Federal or Federally supported programs.
‘‘(6) The program is coordinated with other ap-
propriate education and training programs.’’.
(c) CERTIFICATION.—Section 477(b)(3) (42 U.S.C.
677(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(J) A certification by the chief executive
officer of the State that the State educational
and training voucher program under this sec-
tion is in compliance with the conditions speci-
fied in subsection (i), including a statement de-
scribing methods the State will use—
‘‘(i) to ensure that the total amount
of educational assistance to a youth under
this section and under other Federal and
Federally supported programs does not ex-
ceed the limitation specified in subsection
(i)(5); and
‘‘(ii) to avoid duplication of benefits
under this and any other Federal or Fed-
erally assisted benefit program.’’.
(d) INCREASED AUTHORIZATIONS
OF APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—Section 477(h) (42 U.S.C. 677(h)) is amended
by striking ‘‘there are authorized’’ and all that follows and
inserting the following: ‘‘there are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for each fiscal year—
‘‘(1) $140,000,000, which shall be available for
all purposes under this section; and
‘‘(2) an additional $60,000,000, which are au-
thorized to be available for payments to States for
education and training vouchers for youths who age
out of foster care, to assist the youths to develop
skills necessary to lead independent and productive
lives.’’.
(e) ALLOTMENTS TO STATES.—Section 477(c) (42
U.S.C. 677(c)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)—
(A) by striking ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—From
the amount specified in subsection (h)’’ and in-
serting 
‘‘(1) 
GENERAL
PROGRAM
ALLOT-
MENT.—From the amount specified in sub-
section (h)(1)’’;
(B) by striking ‘‘which bears the same
ratio’’ and inserting ‘‘which bears the ratio’’;
and
(C) by striking ‘‘as the number of children
in foster care’’ and all that follows and insert-
ing ‘‘equal to the State foster care ratio, as ad-
justed in accordance with paragraph (2).’’; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new
paragraphs:
‘‘(3) VOUCHER PROGRAM ALLOTMENT.—From
the amount, if any, appropriated pursuant to sub-
section (h)(2) for a fiscal year, the Secretary may
allot to each State with an application approved
under subsection (b) for the fiscal year an amount
equal to the State foster care ratio multiplied by the
amount so specified.
‘‘(4) STATE FOSTER CARE RATIO.—In this sub-
section, the term ‘State foster care ratio’ means the
ratio of the number of children in foster care under
a program of the State in the most recent fiscal year
for which the information is available to the total
number of children in foster care in all States for
the most recent fiscal year.’’.
(f) PAYMENTS TO STATES.—
(1) 
IN
GENERAL.—Section 
474(a)(4) 
(42
U.S.C. 674(a)(4)) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(4) an amount equal to the amount (if any) by
which—
‘‘(A) the lesser of—
‘‘(i) 80 percent of the amounts ex-
pended by the State during the fiscal year
in which the quarter occurs to carry out
programs in accordance with the State ap-
plication approved under section 477(b) for
the period in which the quarter occurs (in-
cluding any amendment that meets the re-
quirements of section 477(b)(5)); or
‘‘(ii) the amount allotted to the State
under section 477(c)(1) for the fiscal year
in which the quarter occurs, reduced by
the total of the amounts payable to the
State under this paragraph for all prior
quarters in the fiscal year; exceeds
‘‘(B) the total amount of any penalties as-
sessed against the State under section 477(e)
during the fiscal year in which the quarter oc-
curs.’’.
(2) DISCRETIONARY GRANTS.—Section 474 (42
U.S.C. 674) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
‘‘(e) DISCRETIONARY GRANTS
FOR EDUCATIONAL
AND TRAINING VOUCHERS FOR YOUTHS AGING OUT OF
FOSTER CARE.—From amounts appropriated pursuant to
section 477(h)(2), the Secretary may make a grant to a
State with a plan approved under this part, for a calendar
quarter, in an amount equal to the lesser of—
‘‘(1) 80 percent of the amounts expended by
the State during the quarter to carry out programs
for the purposes described in section 477(a)(6); or
‘‘(2) the amount, if any, allotted to the State
under section 477(c)(3) for the fiscal year in which
the quarter occurs, reduced by the total of the
amounts payable to the State under this subsection
for such purposes for all prior quarters in the fiscal
year.’’.
SEC. 202. REALLOCATION AND EXTENSION OF FUNDS.
(a) REALLOCATION
OF UNUSED FUNDS.—Section
477(d) (42 U.S.C. 677(d)) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
‘‘(4) REALLOCATION OF UNUSED FUNDS.—If a
State does not apply for funds under this section for
a fiscal year within such time as may be provided by
the Secretary, the funds to which the State would be
entitled for the fiscal year shall be reallocated to 1
or more other States on the basis of their relative
need for additional payments under this section, as
determined by the Secretary.’’.
(b) TEMPORARY EXTENSION OF AVAILABILITY OF
INDEPENDENT LIVING FUNDS.—Notwithstanding section
477(d)(3) of the Social Security Act, payments made to
a State under section 477 of such Act for fiscal year 2000
shall remain available for expenditure by the State
through fiscal year 2002.
TITLE III—EFFECTIVE DATE
SEC. 301. EFFECTIVE DATE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsection (b), the
amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date
of the enactment of this Act.
(b) DELAY PERMITTED IF STATE LEGISLATION RE-
QUIRED.—In the case of a State plan under subpart 2 of
part B or part E of the Social Security Act that the Sec-
retary of Health and Human Services determines requires
State legislation (other than legislation appropriating
funds) in order for the plan to meet the additional require-
ments imposed by the amendments specified in subsection
(a) of this section, the State plan shall not be regarded
as failing to comply with the requirements of such part
solely on the basis of the failure of the plan to meet the
additional requirements before the first day of the first
calendar quarter beginning after the close of the first reg-
ular session of the State legislature that begins after the
date of the enactment of this Act. For purposes of the
preceding sentence, in the case of a State that has a 2-
year legislative session, each year of the session shall be
deemed to be a separate regular session of the State legis-
lature.
Passed the House of Representatives November 13,
2001.
Attest:
Clerk.