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(A) precludes the connection of the data to 
any individual motor carrier, shipper, company, 
or other entity submitting data; and 
(B) protects the privacy and confidentiality 
of individuals, operators, and entities submit-
ting the data. 
(d) CRASH DATA.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall require entities to submit information regard-
ing safety incidents which occur during the testing, 
demonstration, or commercial operation of an auto-
mated commercial motor vehicle on public roads, in-
cluding— 
(A) injuries and fatalities involving the 
automated commercial motor vehicle; 
(B) collisions or damage to persons or 
property as a result of an automated commer-
cial motor vehicle test, demonstration, or com-
mercial operation; 
(C) any malfunction or issue with a safety 
critical element of an automated commercial 
motor vehicle which compromises the safety of 
the automated commercial motor vehicle or 
other road users; and 
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(D) the mode of transportation used by 
any road users involved in a safety critical inci-
dent, including general road users as defined 
under section 5304 of this Act. 
(2) DATA AVAILABILITY.—The Secretary shall 
ensure that any entity described under this section 
that has a Department of Transportation number or 
operating authority from the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration— 
(A) shall be subject to safety monitoring 
and oversight under the Compliance, Safety, 
and Accountability program of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration; and 
(B) shall be included when the Secretary 
restores the public availability of relevant safety 
data under such program under section 4202(b) 
of this Act. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) AUTOMATED
COMMERCIAL
MOTOR
VEHI-
CLE.—The term ‘‘automated commercial motor vehi-
cle’’ means a commercial motor vehicle as such term 
is defined in section 31101 of title 49, United States 
Code, that is designed to be operated exclusively by 
a Level 3, Level 4, or Level 5 automated driving 
system for all trips according to the recommended 
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practice standards published on June 15, 2018, by 
the Society of Automotive Engineers International 
(J3016l201806) or equivalent standards adopted 
by the Secretary with respect to automated motor 
vehicles, while operating on public roads. 
(2) SAFETY
CRITICAL
ELEMENT.—The term 
‘‘safety critical element’’ means both the hardware 
and software designed to prevent, limit, control, 
mitigate, or respond to a change in the vehicle’s en-
vironment thereby allowing the vehicle to prevent, 
avoid, or minimize a potential collision or other safe-
ty incident on an automated commercial motor vehi-
cle. 
Subtitle D—Surface Transportation 
Funding Pilot Programs 
SEC. 5401. STATE SURFACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 
FUNDING PILOTS. 
Section 6020 of the FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 503 note) 
is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBILITY.— 
‘‘(1) APPLICATION.—To be eligible for a grant 
under this section, a State or group of States shall 
submit to the Secretary an application in such form 
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and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require. 
‘‘(2) ELIGIBLE PROJECTS.—The Secretary may 
provide grants to States or a group of States under 
this section for the following projects: 
‘‘(A) STATE PILOT PROJECTS.— 
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—A pilot project to 
demonstrate a user-based alternative rev-
enue mechanism in a State. 
‘‘(ii) LIMITATION.—If an applicant 
has previously been awarded a grant under 
this section, such applicant’s proposed pilot 
project must be comprised of core activities 
or iterations not substantially similar in 
manner or scope to activities previously 
carried out by the applicant with a grant 
for a project under this section. 
‘‘(B) 
STATE
IMPLEMENTATION 
PROJECTS.—A project— 
‘‘(i) to implement a user-based alter-
native revenue mechanism that collects rev-
enue to be expended on projects for the 
surface transportation system of the State; 
or 
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‘‘(ii) that demonstrates progress to-
wards implementation of a user-based al-
ternative revenue mechanism, with consid-
eration for previous grants awarded to the 
applicant under this section.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘2 or 
more future’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) To test solutions to ensure the privacy and 
security of data collected for the purpose of imple-
menting a user-based alternative revenue mecha-
nism.’’; 
(3) in subsection (d) by striking ‘‘to test the de-
sign, acceptance, and implementation of a user- 
based alternative revenue mechanism’’ and inserting 
‘‘to test the design and acceptance of, or implement, 
a user-based alternative revenue mechanism’’; 
(4) in subsection (g) by striking ‘‘50 percent’’ 
and inserting ‘‘80 percent’’; 
(5) in subsection (i)— 
(A) in the heading by striking ‘‘BIENNIAL’’ 
and inserting ‘‘ANNUAL’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘1 year 
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after the date of enactment of the INVEST in 
America Act’’; 
(C) by striking ‘‘every 2 years thereafter’’ 
and inserting ‘‘every year thereafter’’; and 
(D) by inserting ‘‘and containing a deter-
mination of the characteristics of the most suc-
cessful mechanisms with the highest potential 
for future widespread deployment’’ before the 
period at the end; and 
(6) by striking subsections (j) and (k) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(j) FUNDING.—Of amounts made available to carry 
out this section— 
‘‘(1) for fiscal year 2022, $17,500,000 shall be 
used to carry out projects under subsection 
(b)(2)(A) and $17,500,000 shall be used to carry 
out projects under subsection (b)(2)(B); 
‘‘(2) for fiscal year 2023, $15,000,000 shall be 
used to carry out projects under subsection 
(b)(2)(A) and $20,000,000 shall be used to carry 
out projects under subsection (b)(2)(B); 
‘‘(3) for fiscal year 2024, $12,500,000 shall be 
used to carry out projects under subsection 
(b)(2)(A) and $22,500,000 shall be used to carry 
out projects under subsection (b)(2)(B); and 
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‘‘(4) for fiscal year 2025, $10,000,000 shall be 
used to carry out projects under subsection 
(b)(2)(A) and $25,000,000 shall be used to carry 
out projects under subsection (b)(2)(B). 
‘‘(k) FUNDING FLEXIBILITY.—Funds made available 
in a fiscal year for making grants for projects under sub-
section (b)(2) that are not obligated in such fiscal year 
may be made available in the following fiscal year for 
projects under such subsection or for the national surface 
transportation system funding pilot under section 5402 of 
the INVEST in America Act.’’. 
SEC. 5402. NATIONAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 
FUNDING PILOT. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Transpor-
tation, in coordination with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall establish a pilot program to dem-
onstrate a national motor vehicle per-mile user fee to 
restore and maintain the long-term solvency of the 
Highway Trust Fund and achieve and maintain a 
state of good repair in the surface transportation 
system. 
(2) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the pilot 
program are to— 
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(A) test the design, acceptance, implemen-
tation, and financial sustainability of a national 
per-mile user fee; 
(B) address the need for additional rev-
enue for surface transportation infrastructure 
and a national per-mile user fee; and 
(C) provide recommendations regarding 
adoption and implementation of a national per- 
mile user fee. 
(b) PARAMETERS.—In carrying out the pilot program 
established under subsection (a), the Secretary of Trans-
portation, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treas-
ury, shall— 
(1) provide different methods that volunteer 
participants can choose from to track motor vehicle 
miles traveled; 
(2) solicit volunteer participants from all 50 
States and the District of Columbia; 
(3) ensure an equitable geographic distribution 
by population among volunteer participants; 
(4) include commercial vehicles and passenger 
motor vehicles in the pilot program; and 
(5) use components of, and information from, 
the States selected for the State surface transpor-
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tation system funding pilot program under section 
6020 of the FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 503 note). 
(c) METHODS.— 
(1) TOOLS.—In selecting the methods described 
in subsection (b)(1), the Secretary of Transportation 
shall coordinate with entities that voluntarily provide 
to the Secretary for use in the program any of the 
following vehicle-miles-traveled collection tools: 
(A) 
Third-party 
on-board 
diagnostic 
(OBD–II) devices. 
(B) Smart phone applications. 
(C) Telemetric data collected by auto-
makers. 
(D) Motor vehicle data obtained by car in-
surance companies. 
(E) Data from the States selected for the 
State surface transportation system funding 
pilot program under section 6020 of the FAST 
Act (23 U.S.C. 503 note). 
(F) Motor vehicle data obtained from fuel-
ing stations. 
(G) Any other method that the Secretary 
considers appropriate. 
(2) COORDINATION.— 
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(A) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall de-
termine which methods under paragraph (1) are 
selected for the pilot program. 
(B) VOLUNTEER
PARTICIPANTS.—In a 
manner that the Secretary considers appro-
priate, the Secretary shall provide each selected 
method to each volunteer participant. 
(d) PER-MILE USER FEES.—For the purposes of the 
pilot program established in subsection (a), the Secretary 
of the Treasury shall establish on an annual basis— 
(1) for passenger vehicles and light trucks, a 
per-mile user fee that is equivalent to— 
(A) the average annual taxes imposed by 
sections 4041 and 4081 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986 with respect to gasoline or 
any other fuel used in a motor vehicle (other 
than aviation gasoline or diesel), divided by 
(B) the total vehicle miles traveled by pas-
senger vehicles and light trucks; and 
(2) for medium- and heavy-duty trucks, a per- 
mile user fee that is equivalent to— 
(A) the average annual taxes imposed by 
sections 4041 and 4081 of such Code with re-
spect to diesel fuel, divided by 
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(B) the total vehicle miles traveled by 
medium- and heavy-duty trucks. 
Taxes shall only be taken into account under the 
preceding sentence to the extent taken into account 
in determining appropriations to the Highway Trust 
Fund under section 9503(b) of such Code, and the 
amount so determined shall be reduced to account 
for transfers from such fund under paragraphs (3), 
(4), and (5) of section 9503(c) of such Code. 
(e) VOLUNTEER PARTICIPANTS.—The Secretary of 
Transportation, in coordination with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall— 
(1) ensure, to the extent practicable, that an 
appropriate number of volunteer participants partici-
pate in the pilot program; and 
(2) issue policies to— 
(A) protect the privacy of volunteer partici-
pants; and 
(B) secure the data provided by volunteer 
participants. 
(f) ADVISORY BOARD.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
an advisory board to assist with— 
(A) advancing and implementing the pilot 
program under this section; 
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(B) carrying out the public awareness cam-
paign under subsection (g); and 
(C) developing the report under subsection 
(m). 
(2) MEMBERS.—The advisory board shall, at a 
minimum, include the following entities, to be ap-
pointed by the Secretary— 
(A) State departments of transportation; 
(B) any public or nonprofit entity that led 
a surface transportation system funding alter-
natives pilot project under section 6020 of the 
FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 503 note; Public Law 
114–94) (as in effect on the day before the date 
of enactment of this Act); 
(C) representatives of the trucking indus-
try, including owner-operator independent driv-
ers; 
(D) data security experts with expertise in 
personal privacy; 
(E) academic experts on surface transpor-
tation; 
(F) consumer advocates; and 
(G) advocacy groups focused on equity. 
(g) PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Transpor-
tation, with guidance from the advisory board under 
subsection (f), may carry out a public awareness 
campaign to increase public awareness regarding a 
national per-mile user fee, including distributing in-
formation related to the pilot program carried out 
under this section, information from the State sur-
face transportation system funding pilot program 
under section 6020 of the FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 503 
note), and information related to consumer privacy. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out the 
public awareness campaign under this subsection, 
the Secretary shall consider issues unique to each 
State. 
(h) REVENUE COLLECTION.—The Secretary of the 
Treasury, in coordination with the Secretary of Transpor-
tation, shall establish a mechanism to collect per-mile user 
fees established under subsection (d) from volunteer par-
ticipants. Such mechanism— 
(1) may be adjusted as needed to address tech-
nical challenges; and 
(2) may allow third-party vendors to collect the 
per-mile user fees and forward such fees to the 
Treasury. 
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(i) AGREEMENT.—The Secretary of Transportation 
may enter into an agreement with a volunteer participant 
containing such terms and conditions as the Secretary 
considers necessary for participation in the pilot program. 
(j) LIMITATION.—Any revenue collected through the 
mechanism established in subsection (h) shall not be con-
sidered a toll under section 301 of title 23, United States 
Code. 
(k) HIGHWAY TRUST FUND.—The Secretary of the 
Treasury shall ensure that any revenue collected under 
subsection (h) is deposited into the Highway Trust Fund. 
(l) REFUND.—Not more than 45 days after the end 
of each calendar quarter in which a volunteer participant 
has participated in the pilot program, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall calculate and issue an equivalent refund 
to volunteer participants for applicable Federal motor fuel 
taxes under section 4041 and section 4081 of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986, the applicable battery tax under 
section 4111 of such Code, or both, if applicable. 
(m) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date on which volunteer participants begin par-
ticipating in the pilot program, and each year thereafter 
for the duration of the pilot program, the Secretary of 
Transportation and the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infra-
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structure of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate 
a report that includes an analysis of— 
(1) whether the objectives described in sub-
section (a)(2) were achieved; 
(2) how volunteer protections in subsection 
(e)(2) were complied with; 
(3) whether per-mile user fees can maintain the 
long-term solvency of the Highway Trust Fund and 
achieve and maintain a state of good repair in the 
surface transportation system; 
(4) how the personal privacy of volunteers was 
maintained; and 
(5) equity effects of the pilot program, includ-
ing the effects of the program on low-income com-
muters. 
(n) SUNSET.—The pilot program established under 
this section shall expire on the date that is 4 years after 
the date on which volunteer participants begin partici-
pating in such program. 
(o) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
(1) COMMERCIAL VEHICLE.—The term ‘‘com-
mercial vehicle’’ has the meaning given the term 
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commercial motor vehicle in section 31101 of title 
49, United States Code. 
(2) HIGHWAY TRUST FUND.—The term ‘‘High-
way Trust Fund’’ means the Highway Trust Fund 
established under section 9503 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986. 
(3) LIGHT TRUCK.—The term ‘‘light truck’’ has 
the meaning given the term in section 523.2 of title 
49, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(4) MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCK.—The 
term ‘‘medium- and heavy-duty truck’’ has the 
meaning given the term ‘‘commercial medium- and 
heavy-duty on-highway vehicle’’ in section 32901(a) 
of title 49, United States Code. 
(5) PER-MILE USER FEE.—The term ‘‘per-mile 
user fee’’ means a revenue mechanism that— 
(A) is applied to road users operating 
motor vehicles on the surface transportation 
system; and 
(B) is based on the number of vehicle miles 
traveled by an individual road user. 
(6) VOLUNTEER PARTICIPANT.—The term ‘‘vol-
unteer participant’’ means— 
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(A) an owner or lessee of an individual pri-
vate motor vehicle who volunteers to participate 
in the pilot program; 
(B) a commercial vehicle operator who vol-
unteers to participate in the pilot program; or 
(C) an owner of a motor vehicle fleet who 
volunteers to participate in the pilot program. 
Subtitle E—Miscellaneous 
SEC. 5501. ERGONOMIC SEATING WORKING GROUP. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Transportation shall convene a working 
group to examine the seating standards for commer-
cial drivers. 
(2) MEMBERS.—At a minimum, the working 
group shall include— 
(A) seat manufacturers; 
(B) commercial vehicle manufacturers; 
(C) transit vehicle manufacturers; 
(D) labor representatives for the trucking 
industry; 
(E) representatives from organizations en-
gaged in collective bargaining on behalf of tran-
sit workers in not fewer than three States; and 
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(F) musculoskeletal health experts. 
(b) OBJECTIVES.—The Secretary shall pursue the 
following objectives through the working group: 
(1) To identify health issues, including mus-
culoskeletal health issues, that afflict commercial 
drivers due to sitting for long periods of time while 
on duty. 
(2) To identify the impact that commercial ve-
hicle sizing, design, and safety measures have on 
women in comparison to men, and to identify de-
signs that may improve the health and safety of 
women drivers. 
(3) To identify research topics for further devel-
opment and best practices to improve seating. 
(4) To determine ways to incorporate improved 
seating into manufacturing standards for public 
transit vehicles and commercial vehicles. 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the working 
group shall submit to the Secretary, the Committee 
on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives, and the Committee on Banking, 
Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
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(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
‘‘or section 6314(b)’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
‘‘or section 6314(b)’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)(A) by striking ‘‘or 
section 6314(b)’’. 
SEC. 5503. TRANSPORTATION WORKFORCE OUTREACH 
PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter I of chapter 55 of title 
49, United States Code, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following: 
‘‘§ 5508. Transportation workforce outreach program 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
and administer a transportation workforce outreach pro-
gram that carries out a series of public service announce-
ment campaigns during fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 
‘‘(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of each campaign car-
ried out under the program shall be to achieve the fol-
lowing objectives: 
‘‘(1) Increase awareness of career opportunities 
in the transportation sector, including aviation pi-
lots, safety inspectors, mechanics and technicians, 
maritime transportation workers, air traffic control-
lers, flight attendants, truck drivers, engineers, tran-
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sit workers, railroad workers, and other transpor-
tation professionals. 
‘‘(2) Increase diversity, including race, gender, 
ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, of professionals 
in the transportation sector. 
‘‘(c) ADVERTISING.—The Secretary may use, or au-
thorize the use of, funds available to carry out the pro-
gram for the development, production, and use of broad-
cast, digital, and print media advertising and outreach in 
carrying out campaigns under this section. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.—To 
carry out this section, there are authorized to be appro-
priated $5,000,000 for each fiscal years 2022 through 
2026.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
for chapter 55 of subchapter I of title 49, United States 
Code, is further amended by inserting after the item relat-
ing to section 5507, as added by this Act, the following: 
‘‘5508. Transportation workforce outreach program.’’. 
SEC. 5504. ADVISORY COUNCIL ON TRANSPORTATION STA-
TISTICS. 
Section 6305 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘The Direc-
tor’’ and all that follows to the period and inserting 
‘‘Notwithstanding section 418 of the FAA Reauthor-
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ization Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–254), not later 
than 6 months after the date of enactment of the 
INVEST in America Act, the Director shall estab-
lish and consult with an advisory council on trans-
portation statistics.’’; and 
(2) by striking subsection (d)(3). 
SEC. 5505. GAO REVIEW OF DISCRETIONARY GRANT PRO-
GRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
of the United States shall submit to the Committee on 
Appropriations and Committee on Transportation and In-
frastructure of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittees on Environment and Public Works; Appropria-
tions; Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs; and Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a review 
of the extent to which the Secretary is considering the 
needs of and awarding funding through covered discre-
tionary grant programs to projects that serve— 
(1) low-income communities; 
(2) minority communities; and 
(3) populations that are underserved or have 
limited transportation choices, including women. 
(b) RECOMMENDATIONS.—The Comptroller General 
shall include as part of the review under subsection (a) 
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recommendations to the Secretary on possible means to 
improve consideration of projects that serve the unique 
needs of communities described in subsection (a)(1). 
(c) DEFINITION
OF
COVERED
DISCRETIONARY 
GRANT PROGRAM.—For purposes of this section, the term 
‘‘covered discretionary grant programs’’ means the 
Projects of National and Regional Significance program 
under section 117 of title 23, the Community Transpor-
tation Investment Grant program under section 173 of 
such title, the Community Climate Innovation Grant pro-
gram under section 172 of such title, and the grants for 
fueling and charging infrastructure under section 151 of 
such title. 
SEC. 5506. UNIVERSAL ELECTRONIC IDENTIFIER. 
Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall issue a final motor vehicle 
safety standard that requires a commercial motor vehicle 
manufactured after the effective date of such standard to 
be equipped with a universal electronic vehicle identifier 
that— 
(1) identifies the vehicle to roadside inspectors 
for enforcement purposes; 
(2) does not transmit personally identifiable in-
formation regarding operators; and 
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(3) does not create an undue cost burden for 
operators and carriers. 
TITLE VI—MULTIMODAL 
TRANSPORTATION 
SEC. 6001. NATIONAL MULTIMODAL FREIGHT POLICY. 
Section 70101(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2) by inserting ‘‘in rural and 
urban areas’’ after ‘‘freight transportation’’; 
(2) in paragraph (7)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B) by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (D); and 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (B) 
the following: 
‘‘(C) travel within population centers; 
and’’; 
(3) in paragraph (9) by striking ‘‘; and’’ and in-
serting the following: ‘‘including— 
‘‘(A) greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(B) local air pollution; 
‘‘(C) minimizing, capturing, or treating 
stormwater runoff or other adverse impacts to 
water quality; and 
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