(1) analyze the technical feasibility, related 
challenges, and impacts to commercializing carbon 
dioxide, including— 
(A) creating a national system of carbon 
dioxide pipelines and geologic sequestration 
sites; 
(B) mitigating environmental and land-
owner impacts; and 
(C) regional economic challenges and op-
portunities; 
(2) identify potential markets, industries, or 
sectors that may benefit from greater access to com-
mercial carbon dioxide; 
(3) assess the current state of infrastructure 
and any necessary updates to allow for the integra-
tion of safe and reliable carbon dioxide transpor-
tation, utilization, and storage; 
(4) estimate the economic, climate, and environ-
mental impacts of any well-integrated national car-
bon dioxide pipeline system, including suggestions 
for policies that could improve the economic impact 
of the system; 
(5) assess the global status and progress of car-
bon utilization technologies (both chemical and bio-
logical) in practice today that utilize waste carbon 
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(including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, meth-
ane, and biogas) from power generation, biofuels 
production, and other industrial processes; 
(6) identify emerging technologies and ap-
proaches for carbon utilization that show promise 
for scale-up, demonstration, deployment, and com-
mercialization; 
(7) analyze the factors associated with making 
carbon utilization technologies viable at a commer-
cial scale, including carbon waste stream availability, 
economics, market capacity, energy and lifecycle re-
quirements; 
(8) assess the major technical challenges associ-
ated with increasing the commercial viability of car-
bon reuse technologies, and identify the research and 
development questions that will address those chal-
lenges; 
(9) assess current research efforts, including 
engineering and computational, that are addressing 
these challenges and identify gaps in the current re-
search portfolio; and 
(10) develop a comprehensive research agenda 
that addresses both long- and short-term research 
needs and opportunities. 
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SEC. 7. ADVANCED ENERGY SYSTEMS. 
Subtitle F of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16291 et seq.) is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 969A. ADVANCED ENERGY SYSTEMS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a 
program, with the purpose of reducing emissions from fos-
sil fuel power generation by not less than 50 percent, of 
research, development, demonstration, and commercial ap-
plication with respect to the following: 
‘‘(1) High-efficiency turbines for any advanced 
power system that will lead to natural gas turbine 
combined cycle efficiency of 67 percent or combus-
tion turbine efficiency of 50 percent. 
‘‘(2) Supercritical and ultrasupercritical carbon 
dioxide, with an emphasis on developing directly- 
fired and indirectly fired cycles in the next 10 years. 
‘‘(3) Advanced combustion systems, including 
oxy-combustion systems and chemical looping. 
‘‘(4) Fuel cell technologies for low-cost, high-ef-
ficiency, fuel-flexible, modular power systems, includ-
ing solid oxide fuel cell technology for commercial, 
residential, and distributed generation systems, 
using improved manufacturing production and proc-
esses. 
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‘‘(5) Gasification systems to enable carbon cap-
ture, improve efficiency, and reduce capital and op-
erating costs. 
‘‘(6) Thermal cycling with ramping or rapid 
black start capabilities that do not compromise effi-
ciency or environmental performance. 
‘‘(7) Small-scale and modular coal-fired tech-
nologies with reduced carbon outputs or carbon cap-
ture that can support incremental power generation 
capacity additions. 
‘‘(b) PRIORITY.—In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Secretary is encouraged to prioritize 
transformational technologies that enable a step change 
in reduction of emissions as compared to the technology 
in existence on the date of enactment of this section. 
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For ac-
tivities under this section, there are authorized to be ap-
propriated to the Secretary— 
‘‘(1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
‘‘(2) $157,500,000 for fiscal year 2021; 
‘‘(3) $165,375,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(4) $173,643,750 for fiscal year 2023; and 
‘‘(5) $182,325,938 for fiscal year 2024.’’. 
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SEC. 8. RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. 
Subtitle F of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16291 et seq.) is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 969B. RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In coordination with the relevant 
Federal agencies, the Secretary shall conduct research to 
develop and assess methods to separate and recover rare 
earth elements and other strategic minerals and coprod-
ucts from coal and coal byproduct streams. The program 
shall— 
‘‘(1) develop advanced rare earth element sepa-
ration and extraction processes using coal-based re-
sources as feedstock materials; 
‘‘(2) assess the technical and economic feasi-
bility of recovering rare earth elements from coal- 
based resources and validate such feasibility with 
prototype systems producing salable, high-purity 
rare earth elements from coal-based resources; and 
‘‘(3) assess and mitigate any environmental and 
public health impacts of recovering rare earth ele-
ments from coal-based resources. 
‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For ac-
tivities under this section, there are authorized to be ap-
propriated to the Secretary— 
‘‘(1) $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 
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