330 
international humanitarian standards in the camps 
for internally displaced persons; 
(8) a durable and lasting peace will only be 
achieved through a political solution that addresses 
the legitimate aspirations of all Sri Lankan commu-
nities; and 
(9) the Government of Sri Lanka should put for-
ward a timely and credible proposal to engage its 
Tamil community who do not espouse violence or ter-
rorism, and to develop power sharing arrangements 
so that lasting peace and reconciliation can be 
achieved. 
SEC. 1123. WEST PAPUA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) West Papua was a former Dutch colony just 
as East Timor was a former Portuguese colony just 
as Indonesia was a former colony of the Netherlands. 
(2) In 1949, the Dutch granted independence to 
Indonesia and retained West Papua. 
(3) In 1950, the Dutch prepared West Papua for 
independence. 
(4) However, Indonesia, upon achieving inde-
pendence, demanded the entire archipelago including 
the Dutch holding of West Papua and the Portuguese 
controlled territory of East Timor. 
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(5) In 1962, the United States mediated an 
agreement between the Dutch and Indonesia. Under 
terms of the agreement, the Dutch were to leave West 
Papua and transfer sovereignty to the United Nations 
after which time a national election would be held to 
determine West Papua’s political status. But almost 
immediately after this agreement was reached, Indo-
nesia violated the terms of the transfer and took over 
the administration of West Papua from the United 
Nations. 
(6) Indonesia then orchestrated an election that 
many regarded as a brutal military operation. In 
what became known as an ‘‘act of no-choice’’, 1,025 
West Papua elders under heavy military surveillance 
were selected to vote on behalf of more than 800,000 
West Papuans on the territory’s political status. The 
United Nations Representative sent to observe the 
election process produced a report which outlined var-
ious and serious violations of the United Nations 
Charter. In spite of the report and in spite of 
testimonials from the press, the opposition of fifteen 
countries, and the cries of help from the Papuans 
themselves, West Papua was handed over to Indonesia 
in November 1969. 
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(7) Since this time, the Papuans have suffered 
blatant human rights abuses including extrajudicial 
executions, imprisonment, torture, environmental deg-
radation, natural resource exploitation and commer-
cial dominance of immigrant communities and it is 
now estimated that more than 100,000 West Papuans 
and 200,000 East Timorese died as a direct result of 
Indonesian rule especially during the administrations 
of military dictators Sukarno and Suharto. 
(8) Today, the violence continues. In its 2004 
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices the De-
partment of State reports that Indonesia ‘‘security 
force members murdered, tortured, raped, beat and 
arbitrarily detained civilians and members of sepa-
ratist movements especially in Papua’’. 
(9) In response to international pressure, Indo-
nesia has promised to initiate Special Autonomy for 
West Papua. 
(10) Considering that East Timor achieved inde-
pendence from Indonesia in 2002 by way of a United 
Nations sanctioned referendum, Special Autonomy 
may be an effort to further disenfranchise a people 
who differ racially from the majority of Indonesians. 
(11) West Papuans are Melanesian and believed 
to be of African descent. 
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333 
(b) REPORTS.— 
(1) SECRETARY
OF
STATE.—For fiscal year 
2010, the Secretary of State shall submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report on the 
1969 Act of Free Choice, the current political status 
of West Papua, and the extent to which the Govern-
ment of Indonesia has implemented and included the 
leadership and the people of West Papua in the devel-
opment and administration of Special Autonomy. 
(2) PRESIDENT.—For each of fiscal years 2010 
and 2011, the President shall transmit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report that con-
tains a description of the extent to which the Govern-
ment of Indonesia has certified that it has halted 
human rights abuses in West Papua. 
SEC. 1124. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO SOVIET NU-
CLEAR TESTS AND KAZAKHSTAN’S COMMIT-
MENT TO NONPROLIFERATION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) In 1991, immediately after achieving inde-
pendence, Kazakhstan closed and sealed the world’s 
second largest nuclear test site in Semipalatinsk 
which had been inherited from the former Soviet 
Union and at which more than 500 nuclear tests had 
been conducted from 1949 to 1991. 
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(2) The cumulative power of explosions from 
those tests, conducted above ground, on the ground, 
and underground is believed to be equal to the power 
of 20,000 explosions of the type of bomb dropped on 
Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945. 
(3) More than 1,500,000 people in Kazakhstan 
suffered because of decades of Soviet nuclear weapons 
testing in the region. 
(4) A horrifying array of disease will continue 
to destroy the lives of hundreds of thousands and their 
descendants for many generations to come as a result 
of these tests. 
(5) Since its independence, Kazakhstan has con-
structed a stable and peaceful state, voluntarily dis-
armed the world’s fourth largest nuclear arsenal, 
joined 
the 
Strategic 
Arms 
Reduction 
Treaty 
(START), and within the frameworks of the Coopera-
tive Threat Reduction program the government of 
Kazakhstan, in cooperation with the United States 
Government, conducted a very successful secret oper-
ation, code-named Project Sapphire, as a result of 
which 581 kilograms (1,278 pounds) of highly en-
riched uranium enough to produce 20–25 nuclear 
warheads were removed from Kazakhstan. 
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(6) Because of the successful cooperation between 
the 
Governments 
of 
the 
United 
States 
and 
Kazakhstan, the last lethal weapon was removed from 
Kazakhstan in April 1995. 
(7) Kazakhstan, allegiant to its commitment to 
nonproliferation, in December 2004 signed with the 
United States an amendment to the bilateral agree-
ment on the nonproliferation of weapons of mass de-
struction which will move the two nations towards a 
new level of cooperation in preventing the threat of 
bio-terrorism. 
(8) By its actions, Kazakhstan has proven itself 
not only as a universally recognized leader and one 
of the key members in the nonproliferation process, 
but also as a reliable and consistent ally of the United 
States in reducing nuclear threats and preventing le-
thal weapons from being acquired by terrorist organi-
zations such as Al-Qaeda. 
(9) Recently Kazakhstan has also offered to host 
an international nuclear fuel bank where low-enriched 
uranium would be stored in accordance with the high-
est international standards for safety, security, and 
safeguards. 
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(10) The Norwegian Defence Research Establish-
ment is also working with Kazakhstan to strengthen 
nuclear security and nonproliferation. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the people of Kazakhstan and its Government 
should be congratulated for their commitment to non-
proliferation and their leadership in offering to host 
an international nuclear fuel bank; and 
(2) the Secretary of State should work to estab-
lish a joint working group with the Governments of 
Kazakhstan and Norway to explore common chal-
lenges and opportunities on disarmament and non- 
proliferation, and to assist in assessing the environ-
mental damage and health effects caused by Soviet 
nuclear testing in Semipalatinsk. 
SEC. 1125. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON HOLOCAUST-ERA PROP-
ERTY RESTITUTION AND COMPENSATION. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) countries in Central and Eastern Europe 
which have not already done so must return looted 
and confiscated properties to their rightful owners or, 
where restitution is not possible, pay equitable com-
pensation, in accordance with principles of justice 
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and in an expeditious manner that is transparent 
and fair; 
(2) countries in Central and Eastern Europe 
must enact and implement appropriate restitution 
and compensation legislation to facilitate private, 
communal, and religious property restitution; and 
(3) countries in Central and Eastern Europe 
must ensure that such restitution and compensation 
legislation establishes a simple, transparent, and 
timely process, so that such process results in a real 
benefit to those individuals who suffered from the un-
just confiscation of their property. 
SEC. 1126. EFFORTS TO SECURE THE FREEDOM OF GILAD 
SHALIT. 
It is the sense of Congress that Israeli soldier Gilad 
Shalit, who has been held captive continuously since his il-
legal abduction by Gazan kidnappers in 2006, should be 
safely released at the earliest possible time and that, pend-
ing his release, the International Committee of the Red 
Cross should be granted full access to him, in accordance 
with international law and civilized values. 
SEC. 1127. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO SUDAN. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States should support efforts to 
find a stable and lasting peace in Sudan in the wake 
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of a devastating conflict that led to a major humani-
tarian disaster and caused the deaths of hundreds of 
thousands, and continues to cause violence in Darfur 
and throughout Sudan; 
(2) to achieve that peace, all parties must agree 
to uphold the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA); 
(3) international partners should aim to widen 
acceptance of the Darfur Peace Agreement by all 
stakeholders; 
(4) the United States should support efforts to 
prepare for the national elections and for the ref-
erendum; 
(5) the United States should support efforts to 
develop a coordinated international strategy to sup-
port the rebuilding of Sudan, with a particular focus 
on key CPA benchmarks including policy toward the 
Three Areas, transitional justice, which would include 
prosecuting perpetrators of war crimes, oil revenue 
sharing, the census, the return of displaced Darfuris 
and other peoples to their homeland, and management 
of the armed forces; and 
(6) United States policy toward Darfur should 
be fully integrated with United States policy toward 
the CPA, as full and lasting resolution to the Darfur 
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crisis hinges on the resolution of a common set of na-
tional problems. 
SEC. 1128. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON RESTRICTIONS ON RE-
LIGIOUS FREEDOM IN VIETNAM. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Secretary of State, under the Inter-
national Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 
6401 et seq.) and authority delegated by the Presi-
dent, designates nations found guilty of ‘‘particularly 
severe violations of religious freedom’’ as ‘‘Countries 
of Particular Concern’’. 
(2) In November 2006, the Secretary of State an-
nounced that the Socialist Republic of Vietnam was 
no longer designated as a ‘‘Country of Particular 
Concern’’. 
(3) The Unified Buddhist Church of Vietnam 
(UBCV), the Hoa Hao Buddhists, and the Cao Dai 
groups continue to face unwarranted abuses because 
of their attempts to organize independently of the 
Government of Vietnam, including the detention and 
imprisonment of individual members of these reli-
gious communities. 
(4) Over the last 3 years, 18 Hoa Hao Buddhists 
have been arrested for distributing sacred texts or 
publically protesting the religious restrictions placed 
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