payment rate threshold or other 
threshold as determined by the Sec-
retary, or fail to accomplish tasks, as 
determined by the Secretary, that fur-
ther improve payment accuracy.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The amendments made by 
subsection (a) shall apply to contracts entered into 
or renewed on or after the date that is 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
(2) APPLICATION TO EXISTING CONTRACTS.— 
In the case of contracts in existence on or after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and that are not 
subject to the effective date under paragraph (1), 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, 
when appropriate and practicable, seek to apply the 
incentives provided for in the amendments made by 
subsection (a) through contract modifications. 
SEC. 4. STRENGTHENING PENALTIES FOR THE ILLEGAL 
DISTRIBUTION OF A MEDICARE, MEDICAID, 
OR CHIP BENEFICIARY IDENTIFICATION OR 
BILLING PRIVILEGES. 
Section 1128B(b) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1320a–7b(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
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‘‘(4) Whoever without lawful authority know-
ingly and willfully purchases, sells or distributes, or 
arranges for the purchase, sale, or distribution of a 
beneficiary identification number or unique health 
identifier for a health care provider under title 
XVIII, title XIX, or title XXI shall be imprisoned 
for not more than 10 years or fined not more than 
$500,000 ($1,000,000 in the case of a corporation), 
or both.’’. 
SEC. 5. IMPROVING THE SHARING OF DATA BETWEEN THE 
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND STATE MED-
ICAID PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Sec-
retary’’) shall establish a plan to encourage and facilitate 
the participation of States in the Medicare-Medicaid Data 
Match Program (commonly referred to as the ‘‘Medi-Medi 
Program’’) under section 1893(g) of the Social Security 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ddd(g)). 
(b) PROGRAM REVISIONS TO IMPROVE MEDI-MEDI 
DATA MATCH PROGRAM PARTICIPATION BY STATES.— 
Section 1893(g)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395ddd(g)(1)(A)) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding clause (i), by insert-
ing ‘‘or otherwise’’ after ‘‘eligible entities’’; 
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(2) in clause (i)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘to review claims data’’ 
after ‘‘algorithms’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘service, time, or patient’’ 
and inserting ‘‘provider, service, time, or pa-
tient’’; 
(3) in clause (ii)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘to investigate and re-
cover amounts with respect to suspect claims’’ 
after ‘‘appropriate actions’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘; and’’ and inserting a 
semicolon; 
(4) in clause (iii), by striking the period and in-
serting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following new 
clause: 
‘‘(iv) furthering the Secretary’s de-
sign, development, installation, or enhance-
ment of an automated data system archi-
tecture— 
‘‘(I) to collect, integrate, and as-
sess data for purposes of program in-
tegrity, program oversight, and ad-
ministration, including the Medi-Medi 
Program; and 
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‘‘(II) that improves the coordina-
tion 
of 
requests 
for 
data 
from 
States.’’. 
(c) PROVIDING STATES WITH DATA ON IMPROPER 
PAYMENTS MADE FOR ITEMS OR SERVICES PROVIDED TO 
DUAL ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop 
and implement a plan that allows each State agency 
responsible for administering a State plan for med-
ical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security 
Act access to relevant data on improper or fraudu-
lent payments made under the Medicare program 
under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) for health care items or serv-
ices provided to dual eligible individuals. 
(2) DUAL ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUAL DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘dual eligible individual’’ 
means an individual who is entitled to, or enrolled 
for, benefits under part A of title XVIII of the So-
cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395c et seq.), or en-
rolled for benefits under part B of title XVIII of 
such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395j et seq.), and is eligible 
for medical assistance under a State plan under title 
XIX of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) or under 
a waiver of such plan. 
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SEC. 6. REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION. 
Not later than 18 months after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services shall submit to Congress a report on the imple-
mentation of the provisions of, and the amendments made 
by— 
(1) this Act; and 
(2) sections 506 and 507 of the Medicare Ac-
cess and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (Public 
Law 114–10). 
Æ 
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