I 
111TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1744 
To amend the Consumer Credit Protection Act to assure meaningful disclo-
sures of the terms of rental-purchase agreements, including disclosures 
of all costs to consumers under such agreements, to provide certain 
substantive rights to consumers under such agreements, and for other 
purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 26, 2009 
Mr. CLAY (for himself, Mr. GRAVES, Mrs. EMERSON, Mr. HENSARLING, Ms. 
JENKINS, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. TAYLOR, Mr. LUETKEMEYER, Mr. SHER-
MAN, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. SPACE, Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. GOOD-
LATTE, Mr. AKIN, Mr. JONES, Mr. SMITH of Texas, Mr. HALL of Texas, 
Mr. MORAN of Kansas, Mr. TIAHRT, Mr. ROSS, Mr. MOORE of Kansas, 
Mr. NEUGEBAUER, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. JOHN-
SON of Georgia, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. MARCHANT, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, 
Mr. CLEAVER, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. AL GREEN of Texas, Mr. HASTINGS of 
Florida, Mrs. MYRICK, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. 
MEEKS of New York, Mr. CUELLAR, Mr. KANJORSKI, Mr. ROGERS of 
Alabama, Mr. HILL, Mr. UPTON, Mr. LATOURETTE, and Mr. ORTIZ) in-
troduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Fi-
nancial Services 
A BILL 
To amend the Consumer Credit Protection Act to assure 
meaningful disclosures of the terms of rental-purchase 
agreements, including disclosures of all costs to con-
sumers under such agreements, to provide certain sub-
stantive rights to consumers under such agreements, and 
for other purposes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Consumer Rental Pur-
chase Agreement Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds as follows: 
(1) The rental-purchase industry provides a 
service that meets and satisfies the demands of 
many consumers. 
(2) Each year, approximately 2,300,000 United 
States households enter into rental-purchase trans-
actions and over a 5-year period approximately 
4,900,000 United States households will do so. 
(3) Competition among the various firms en-
gaged in the extension of rental-purchase trans-
actions would be strengthened by informed use of 
rental-purchase transactions. 
(4) The informed use of rental-purchase trans-
actions results from an awareness of the cost thereof 
by consumers. 
(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this title is to assure 
the availability of rental-purchase transactions and to as-
sure simple, meaningful, and consistent disclosure of rent-
al-purchase terms so that consumers will be able to more 
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readily compare the available rental-purchase terms and 
avoid uninformed use of rental-purchase transactions, and 
to protect consumers against unfair rental-purchase prac-
tices. 
SEC. 
3. 
RENTAL-PURCHASE 
TRANSACTIONS 
COVERED 
UNDER THE CONSUMER CREDIT PROTEC-
TION ACT. 
The Consumer Credit Protection Act is amended by 
adding at the end the following new title: 
‘‘TITLE X—RENTAL-PURCHASE 
TRANSACTIONS 
‘‘Sec. 1001. Definitions. 
‘‘Sec. 1002. Exempted transactions. 
‘‘Sec. 1003. General disclosure requirements. 
‘‘Sec. 1004. Rental-purchase disclosures. 
‘‘Sec. 1005. Other agreement provisions. 
‘‘Sec. 1006. Right to acquire ownership. 
‘‘Sec. 1007. Prohibited provisions. 
‘‘Sec. 1008. Statement of accounts. 
‘‘Sec. 1009. Renegotiations and extensions. 
‘‘Sec. 1010. Point-of-rental disclosures. 
‘‘Sec. 1011. Rental-purchase advertising. 
‘‘Sec. 1012. Civil liability. 
‘‘Sec. 1013. Additional grounds for civil liability. 
‘‘Sec. 1014. Liability of assignees. 
‘‘Sec. 1015. Regulations. 
‘‘Sec. 1016. Enforcement. 
‘‘Sec. 1017. Criminal liability for willful and knowing violation. 
‘‘Sec. 1018. Relation to other laws. 
‘‘Sec. 1019. Effect on Government agencies. 
‘‘Sec. 1020. Compliance date. 
‘‘SEC. 1001. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘For purposes of this title, the following definitions 
shall apply: 
‘‘(1) ADVERTISEMENT.—The term ‘advertise-
ment’ means a commercial message in any medium 
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that promotes, directly or indirectly, a rental-pur-
chase agreement but does not include price tags, 
window signs, or other in-store merchandising aids. 
‘‘(2) AGRICULTURAL PURPOSE.—The term ‘ag-
ricultural purpose’ includes— 
‘‘(A) the production, harvest, exhibition, 
marketing, transformation, processing, or man-
ufacture of agricultural products by a natural 
person who cultivates plants or propagates or 
nurtures agricultural products; and 
‘‘(B) the acquisition of farmlands, real 
property with a farm residence, or personal 
property and services used primarily in farm-
ing. 
‘‘(3) BOARD.—The term ‘Board’ means the 
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 
‘‘(4) CASH
PRICE.—The term ‘cash price’ 
means the price at which a merchant, in the ordi-
nary course of business, offers to sell for cash the 
property that is the subject of the rental-purchase 
transaction. 
‘‘(5) CONSUMER.—The term ‘consumer’ means 
a natural person who is offered or enters into a rent-
al-purchase agreement. 
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‘‘(6) DATE
OF
CONSUMMATION.—The term 
‘date of consummation’ means the date on which a 
consumer becomes contractually obligated under a 
rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(7) INITIAL PAYMENT.—The term ‘initial pay-
ment’ means the amount to be paid before or at the 
consummation of the agreement or the delivery of 
the property if delivery occurs after consummation, 
including the rental payment; service, processing, or 
administrative charges; delivery fee; refundable secu-
rity deposit; taxes; mandatory fees or charges; and 
any optional fees or charges agreed to by the con-
sumer. 
‘‘(8) MERCHANT.—The term ‘merchant’ means 
a person who provides the use of property through 
a rental-purchase agreement in the ordinary course 
of business and to whom a consumer’s initial pay-
ment under the agreement is payable. 
‘‘(9) PAYMENT
SCHEDULE.—The term ‘pay-
ment schedule’ means the amount and timing of the 
periodic payments and the total number of all peri-
odic payments that the consumer will make if the 
consumer acquires ownership of the property by 
making all periodic payments. 
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‘‘(10) PERIODIC PAYMENT.—The term ‘periodic 
payment’ means the total payment a consumer will 
make for a specific rental period after the initial 
payment, including the rental payment, taxes, man-
datory fees or charges, and any optional fees or 
charges agreed to by the consumer. 
‘‘(11) PROPERTY.—The term ‘property’ means 
property that is not real property under the laws of 
the State where the property is located when it is 
made available under a rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(12) RENTAL
PAYMENT.—The term ‘rental 
payment’ means rent required to be paid by a con-
sumer for the possession and use of property for a 
specific rental period, but does not include taxes or 
any fees or charges. 
‘‘(13) RENTAL PERIOD.—The term ‘rental pe-
riod’ means a week, month, or other specific period 
of time, during which the consumer has a right to 
possess and use property that is the subject of a 
rental-purchase agreement after paying the rental 
payment and any applicable taxes for such period. 
‘‘(14) RENTAL-PURCHASE AGREEMENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘rental-pur-
chase agreement’ means a contract in the form 
of a bailment or lease for the use of property 
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by a consumer for an initial period of 4 months 
or less, that is renewable with each payment by 
the consumer, and that permits but does not 
obligate the consumer to become the owner of 
the property. 
‘‘(B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘rental-pur-
chase agreement’ does not include— 
‘‘(i) a credit sale (as defined in section 
103(g) of the Truth in Lending Act); 
‘‘(ii) a consumer lease (as defined in 
section 181(1) of such Act); or 
‘‘(iii) a transaction giving rise to a 
debt incurred in connection with the busi-
ness of lending money or a thing of value. 
‘‘(15) RENTAL-PURCHASE COST.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of sec-
tions 1010 and 1011, the term ‘rental-purchase 
cost’ means the sum of all rental payments and 
mandatory fees or charges imposed by the mer-
chant as a condition of entering into a rental- 
purchase agreement or acquiring ownership of 
property under a rental-purchase agreement, 
such as the following: 
‘‘(i) Service, processing, or adminis-
trative charge. 
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‘‘(ii) Fee for an investigation or credit 
report. 
‘‘(iii) Charge for delivery required by 
the merchant. 
‘‘(B) EXCLUDED
ITEMS.—The following 
fees or charges shall not be taken into account 
in determining the rental-purchase cost with re-
spect to a rental-purchase transaction: 
‘‘(i) Fees and charges prescribed by 
law, which actually are or will be paid to 
public officials or government entities, such 
as sales tax. 
‘‘(ii) Fees and charges for optional 
products and services offered in connection 
with a rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(16) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means any 
State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
any territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, 
Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the 
Pacific Islands, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern 
Mariana Islands. 
‘‘(17) TOTAL
COST.—The term ‘total cost’ 
means the sum of the initial payment and all peri-
odic payments in the payment schedule to be paid by 
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the consumer to acquire ownership of the property 
that is the subject of the rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘SEC. 1002. EXEMPTED TRANSACTIONS. 
‘‘This title shall not apply to rental-purchase agree-
ments primarily for business, commercial, or agricultural 
purposes, or those made with Government agencies or in-
strumentalities. 
‘‘SEC. 1003. GENERAL DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS. 
‘‘(a) RECIPIENT OF DISCLOSURE.—A merchant shall 
disclose to any person who will be a signatory to a rental- 
purchase agreement the information required by sections 
1004 and 1005. 
‘‘(b) TIMING OF DISCLOSURE.—The disclosures re-
quired under sections 1004 and 1005 shall be made before 
the consummation of the rental-purchase agreement and 
clearly and conspicuously in writing as part of the rental- 
purchase agreement to be signed by the consumer. 
‘‘(c) CLEARLY AND CONSPICUOUSLY.—As used in 
this section, the term ‘clearly and conspicuously’ means 
that information required to be disclosed to the consumer 
shall be worded plainly and simply, and appear in a type 
size, prominence, and location as to be readily noticeable, 
readable, and comprehensible to an ordinary consumer. 
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‘‘SEC. 1004. RENTAL-PURCHASE DISCLOSURES. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For each rental-purchase agree-
ment, the merchant shall disclose to the consumer the fol-
lowing, to the extent applicable: 
‘‘(1) The date of the consummation of the rent-
al-purchase transaction and the identities of the 
merchant and the consumer. 
‘‘(2) A brief description of the rental property, 
which shall be sufficient to identify the property to 
the consumer, including an identification or serial 
number, if applicable, and a statement indicating 
whether the property is new or used. 
‘‘(3) A description of any fee, charge or penalty, 
in addition to the periodic payment, that the con-
sumer may be required to pay under the agreement, 
which shall be separately identified by type and 
amount. 
‘‘(4) A clear and conspicuous statement that 
the transaction is a rental-purchase agreement and 
that the consumer will not obtain ownership of the 
property until the consumer has paid the total dollar 
amount necessary to acquire ownership. 
‘‘(5) The amount of any initial payment, which 
includes the first periodic payment, and the total 
amount of any fees, taxes, or other charges, required 
to be paid by the consumer. 
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‘‘(6) The amount of the cash price of the prop-
erty that is the subject of the rental-purchase agree-
ment, and, if the agreement involves the rental of 2 
or more items as a set (as may be defined by the 
Board in regulation) a statement of the aggregate 
cash price of all items shall satisfy this requirement. 
‘‘(7) The amount and timing of periodic pay-
ments, and the total number of periodic payments 
necessary to acquire ownership of the property 
under the rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(8) The total cost, using that term, and a 
brief description, such as ‘This is the amount you 
will pay the merchant if you make all periodic pay-
ments to acquire ownership of the property.’. 
‘‘(9) A statement of the consumer’s right to ter-
minate the agreement without paying any fee or 
charge not previously due under the agreement by 
voluntarily surrendering or returning the property in 
good repair upon expiration of any lease term. 
‘‘(10) Substantially the following statement: 
‘OTHER IMPORTANT TERMS: See your rental-pur-
chase agreement for additional important informa-
tion on early termination procedures, purchase op-
tion rights, responsibilities for loss, damage or de-
struction of the property, warranties, maintenance 
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responsibilities, and other charges or penalties you 
may incur.’. 
‘‘(b) FORM OF DISCLOSURE.—The disclosures re-
quired by paragraphs (4) through (10) of subsection (a) 
shall be segregated from other information at the begin-
ning of the rental-purchase agreement and shall contain 
only directly related information, and shall be identified 
in boldface, upper-case letters as follows: ‘IMPORTANT 
RENTAL-PURCHASE DISCLOSURES’. 
‘‘(c) DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO IN-
SURANCE PREMIUMS AND LIABILITY WAIVERS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A merchant shall clearly 
and conspicuously disclose in writing to the con-
sumer before the consummation of a rental-purchase 
agreement that the purchase of leased property in-
surance or liability waiver coverage is not required 
as a condition for entering into the rental-purchase 
agreement. 
‘‘(2) AFFIRMATIVE WRITTEN REQUEST AFTER 
COST DISCLOSURE.—A merchant may provide insur-
ance or liability waiver coverage, directly or indi-
rectly, in connection with a rental-purchase trans-
action only if— 
‘‘(A) the merchant clearly and conspicu-
ously discloses to the consumer the cost of each 
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component of such coverage before the con-
summation of the rental-purchase agreement; 
and 
‘‘(B) the consumer signs an affirmative 
written request for such coverage after receiving 
the disclosures required under subparagraph 
(A) of this paragraph and paragraph (1). 
‘‘(d) ACCURACY OF DISCLOSURE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The disclosures required to 
be made under subsection (a) shall be accurate as of 
the date the disclosures are made, based on the in-
formation available to the merchant. 
‘‘(2) INFORMATION SUBSEQUENTLY RENDERED 
INACCURATE.—If information required to be dis-
closed under subsection (a) is subsequently rendered 
inaccurate as a result of any agreement between the 
merchant and the consumer subsequent to the deliv-
ery of the required disclosures, the resulting inaccu-
racy shall not constitute a violation of this title. 
‘‘SEC. 1005. OTHER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Each rental-purchase agreement 
shall— 
‘‘(1) provide a statement specifying whether the 
merchant or the consumer is responsible for loss, 
theft, damage, or destruction of the property; 
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the property at the time the consumer acquires own-
ership of the property, the warranty will be trans-
ferred to the consumer if allowed by the terms of the 
warranty; and 
‘‘(7) provide, to the extent applicable, a descrip-
tion of any grace period for making any periodic 
payment, the amount of any security deposit, if any, 
to be paid by the consumer upon initiation of the 
rental-purchase agreement, and the terms for refund 
of such security deposit to the consumer upon re-
turn, surrender or purchase of the property. 
‘‘(b) REPOSSESSION DURING REINSTATEMENT PE-
RIOD.—Subsection (a)(4) shall not be construed so as to 
prevent a merchant from attempting to repossess property 
during the reinstatement period pursuant to subsection 
(a)(4)(A), but such a repossession does not affect the con-
sumer’s right to reinstate. 
‘‘SEC. 1006. RIGHT TO ACQUIRE OWNERSHIP. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The consumer shall acquire own-
ership of the property that is the subject of the rental- 
purchase agreement, and the rental-purchase agreement 
shall terminate, upon compliance by the consumer with the 
requirements of subsection (b) or any early payment op-
tion provided in the rental purchase agreement, and upon 
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payment of any past due payments and fees, as permitted 
in regulation by the Board. 
‘‘(b) PAYMENT
OF TOTAL COST.—The consumer 
shall acquire ownership of the rental property upon pay-
ment of the total cost of the rental-purchase agreement, 
as such term is defined in section 1001(17), and as dis-
closed to the consumer in the rental-purchase agreement 
pursuant to section 1004(a). 
‘‘(c) ADDITIONAL FEES PROHIBITED.—A merchant 
shall not require the consumer to pay, as a condition for 
acquiring ownership of the property that is the subject of 
the rental-purchase agreement, any fee or charge in addi-
tion to, or in excess of, the regular periodic payments re-
quired by subsection (b), or any early purchase option 
amount provided in the rental-purchase agreement, as ap-
plicable. A requirement that the consumer pay an unpaid 
late charge or other fee or charge which the merchant has 
previously billed to the consumer shall not constitute an 
additional fee or charge for purposes of this subsection. 
‘‘(d) TRANSFER
OF OWNERSHIP RIGHTS.—Upon 
payment by the consumer of all payments necessary to ac-
quire ownership under subsection (b) or any early pur-
chase option amount provided in the rental-purchase 
agreement, as appropriate, the merchant shall— 
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‘‘(1) deliver, or mail to the consumer’s last 
known address, such documents or other instru-
ments, which the Board has determined by regula-
tion, are necessary to acknowledge full ownership by 
the consumer of the property acquired pursuant to 
the rental-purchase agreement; and 
‘‘(2) transfer to the consumer the unexpired 
portion of any warranties provided by the manufac-
turer, distributor, or seller of the property, which 
shall apply as if the consumer were the original pur-
chaser of the property, except where such transfer is 
prohibited by the terms of the warranty. 
‘‘SEC. 1007. PROHIBITED PROVISIONS. 
‘‘A rental-purchase agreement may not contain— 
‘‘(1) a confession of judgment; 
‘‘(2) a negotiable instrument; 
‘‘(3) a security interest or any other claim of a 
property interest in any goods, except those goods 
the use of which is provided by the merchant pursu-
ant to the agreement; 
‘‘(4) a wage assignment; 
‘‘(5) a provision requiring the waiver of any 
legal claim or remedy created by this title or other 
provision of Federal or State law; 
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‘‘(6) a provision requiring the consumer, in the 
event the property subject to the rental-purchase 
agreement is lost, stolen, damaged, or destroyed, to 
pay an amount in excess of the least of— 
‘‘(A) the fair market value of the property, 
as determined by the Board in regulation; 
‘‘(B) any early purchase option amount 
provided in the rental-purchase agreement; or 
‘‘(C) the actual cost of repair, as appro-
priate; 
‘‘(7) a provision authorizing the merchant, or a 
person acting on behalf of the merchant, to enter the 
consumer’s dwelling or other premises without ob-
taining the consumer’s consent or to commit any 
breach of the peace in connection with the reposses-
sion of the rental property or the collection of any 
obligation or alleged obligation of the consumer aris-
ing out of the rental-purchase agreement; 
‘‘(8) a provision requiring the purchase of in-
surance or liability damage waiver to cover the prop-
erty that is the subject of the rental-purchase agree-
ment, except as permitted by the Board in regula-
tion; 
‘‘(9) a provision requiring the consumer to pay 
more than 1 late fee or charge for an unpaid or de-
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linquent periodic payment, regardless of the period 
in which the payment remains unpaid or delinquent, 
or to pay a late fee or charge for any periodic pay-
ment because a previously assessed late fee has not 
been paid in full. 
‘‘SEC. 1008. STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS. 
‘‘Upon request of a consumer, a merchant shall pro-
vide a statement of the consumer’s account. If a consumer 
requests a statement for an individual account more than 
4 times in any 12-month period, the merchant may charge 
a reasonable fee for the additional statements. 
‘‘SEC. 1009. RENEGOTIATIONS AND EXTENSIONS. 
‘‘(a) RENEGOTIATIONS.—A renegotiation occurs 
when a rental-purchase agreement is satisfied and re-
placed by a new agreement undertaken by the same con-
sumer. A renegotiation requires new disclosures, except as 
provided in subsection (c). 
‘‘(b) EXTENSIONS.—An extension is an agreement by 
the consumer and the merchant, to continue an existing 
rental-purchase agreement beyond the original end of the 
payment schedule, but does not include a continuation 
that is the result of a renegotiation. 
‘‘(c) EXCEPTIONS.—New disclosures are not required 
for the following, even if they meet the definition of a re-
negotiation or an extension: 
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‘‘(1) A reduction in payments. 
‘‘(2) A deferment of 1 or more payments. 
‘‘(3) The extension of a rental-purchase agree-
ment. 
‘‘(4) The substitution of property with property 
that has a substantially equivalent or greater eco-
nomic value provided the rental-purchase cost does 
not increase. 
‘‘(5) The deletion of property in a multiple-item 
agreement. 
‘‘(6) A change in rental period provided the 
rental-purchase cost does not increase. 
‘‘(7) An agreement resulting from a court pro-
ceeding. 
‘‘(8) Any other event described in regulations 
prescribed by the Board. 
‘‘SEC. 1010. POINT-OF-RENTAL DISCLOSURES. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—For any item of property or set 
of items displayed or offered for rental-purchase, the mer-
chant shall display on or next to the item or set of items 
a card, tag, or label that clearly and conspicuously dis-
closes the following: 
‘‘(1) A brief description of the property. 
‘‘(2) Whether the property is new or used. 
‘‘(3) The cash price of the property. 
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‘‘(4) The amount of each rental payment. 
‘‘(5) The total number of rental payments nec-
essary to acquire ownership of the property. 
‘‘(6) The rental-purchase cost. 
‘‘(b) FORM OF DISCLOSURE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A merchant may make the 
disclosure required by subsection (a) in the form of 
a list or catalog which is readily available to the con-
sumer at the point of rental if the merchandise is 
not displayed in the merchant’s showroom or if dis-
playing a card, tag, or label would be impractical 
due to the size of the merchandise. 
‘‘(2) CLEARLY AND CONSPICUOUSLY.—As used 
in this section, the term ‘clearly and conspicuously’ 
means that information required to be disclosed to 
the consumer shall appear in a type size, promi-
nence, and location as to be noticeable, readable, 
and comprehensible to an ordinary consumer. 
‘‘SEC. 1011. RENTAL-PURCHASE ADVERTISING. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—If an advertisement for a rental- 
purchase transaction refers to or states the amount of any 
payment for any specific item or set of items, the mer-
chant making the advertisement shall also clearly and con-
spicuously state in the advertisement the following for the 
item, or set of items, advertised: 
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‘‘(1) The transaction advertised is a rental-pur-
chase agreement. 
‘‘(2) The amount, timing, and total number of 
rental payments necessary to acquire ownership 
under the rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(3) The amount of the rental-purchase cost. 
‘‘(4) To acquire ownership of the property the 
consumer must pay the rental-purchase cost plus ap-
plicable taxes. 
‘‘(5) Whether the stated payment amount and 
advertised rental-purchase cost is for new or used 
property. 
‘‘(b) PROHIBITION.—An advertisement for a rental- 
purchase agreement shall not state or imply that a specific 
item, or set of items, is available at specific amounts or 
terms unless the merchant usually and customarily offers, 
or will offer, the item or set of items at the stated amounts 
or terms. 
‘‘(c) CLEARLY AND CONSPICUOUSLY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of this sec-
tion, the term ‘clearly and conspicuously’ means that 
required disclosures shall be presented in a type, 
size, shade, contrast, prominence, location, and man-
ner, as applicable to different mediums for adver-
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tising, so as to be readily noticeable and comprehen-
sible to the ordinary consumer. 
‘‘(2) REGULATORY
GUIDANCE.—The Board 
shall prescribe regulations on principles and factors 
to meet the clear and conspicuous standard as ap-
propriate to print, video, audio, and computerized 
advertising, reflecting the principles and factors typi-
cally applied in each medium by the Federal Trade 
Commission. 
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—Nothing contrary to, incon-
sistent with, or in mitigation of, the required disclo-
sures shall be used in any advertisement in any me-
dium, and no audio, video, or print technique shall 
be used that is likely to obscure or detract signifi-
cantly from the communication of the disclosures. 
‘‘SEC. 1012. CIVIL LIABILITY. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as otherwise provided in 
section 1013, any merchant who fails to comply with any 
requirement of this title with respect to any consumer is 
liable to such consumer as provided for leases in section 
130. For purposes of this section, the term ‘creditor’ as 
used in section 130 shall include a ‘merchant’, as defined 
in section 1001. 
‘‘(b) JURISDICTION OF COURTS; LIMITATION ON AC-
TIONS.— 
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‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Notwithstanding section 
130(e), any action under this section may be 
brought in any United States district court, or in 
any other court of competent jurisdiction, before the 
end of the 1-year period beginning on the date the 
last payment was made by the consumer under the 
rental-purchase agreement. 
‘‘(2) RECOUPMENT
OR
SET-OFF.—This sub-
section shall not bar a consumer from asserting a 
violation of this title in an action to collect an obli-
gation arising from a rental-purchase agreement, 
which was brought after the end of the 1-year period 
described in paragraph (1) as a matter of defense by 
recoupment or set-off in such action, except as oth-
erwise provided by State law. 
‘‘SEC. 1013. ADDITIONAL GROUNDS FOR CIVIL LIABILITY. 
‘‘(a) INDIVIDUAL CASES WITH ACTUAL DAMAGES.— 
Any merchant who fails to comply with any requirements 
imposed under section 1010 or 1011 with respect to any 
consumer who suffers actual damage from the violation 
shall be liable to such consumer as provided in section 
130. 
‘‘(b) PATTERN OR PRACTICE OF VIOLATIONS.—If a 
merchant engages in a pattern or practice of violating any 
requirement imposed under section 1010 or 1011, the 
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Federal Trade Commission or an appropriate State attor-
ney general, in accordance with section 1016, may initiate 
an action to enforce sanctions against the merchant, in-
cluding— 
‘‘(1) an order to cease and desist from such 
practices; and 
‘‘(2) a civil money penalty of such amount as 
the court may impose, based on such factors as the 
court may determine to be appropriate. 
‘‘SEC. 1014. LIABILITY OF ASSIGNEES. 
‘‘(a) ASSIGNEES INCLUDED.—For purposes of sec-
tion 1013, and this section, the term ‘merchant’ includes 
an assignee of a merchant. 
‘‘(b) LIABILITIES OF ASSIGNEES.— 
‘‘(1) APPARENT VIOLATION.—An action under 
section 1012 or 1013 for a violation of this title may 
be brought against an assignee only if the violation 
is apparent on the face of the rental-purchase agree-
ment to which it relates. 
‘‘(2) APPARENT
VIOLATION
DEFINED.—For 
purposes of this subsection, a violation that is appar-
ent on the face of a rental-purchase agreement in-
cludes, but is not limited to, a disclosure that can 
be determined to be incomplete or inaccurate from 
the face of the agreement. 
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