(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives. 
(2) DEVELOPING COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘devel-
oping country’’ means a country or area that is on 
the List of Official Development Assistance Recipi-
ents of the Development Assistance Committee of 
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and De-
velopment. 
(3) HOTSPOT REGIONS.—The term ‘‘hotspot re-
gions’’ means regions of the developing world that 
contain an unusually high concentration of species 
found nowhere else and that have lost at least 70 
percent of their original extent. 
(4) NATURAL RESOURCES OR RENEWABLE NAT-
URAL RESOURCES.—The terms ‘‘natural resources’’ 
and ‘‘renewable natural resources’’ mean natural re-
sources, including soils, forests, animal and plant 
populations and products, coral reefs, and water, but 
do not include nonrenewable natural resources such 
as minerals, oil, and other fossil fuels. 
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TITLE I—ASSESSING EXISTING 
POLICIES AND PROGRAMS 
SEC. 101. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES STUDY AND 
GOVERNMENT 
ACCOUNTABILITY 
OFFICE 
AUDIT AND REPORT. 
(a) STUDY REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
State and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies 
shall enter into an arrangement with the National Acad-
emy of Sciences to conduct a study of existing United 
States international conservation programs to determine 
the extent to which such programs are achieving the fol-
lowing objectives: 
(1) Advancing conservation in the world’s most 
ecologically and economically important terrestrial 
and marine ecosystems and protecting distinct 
hotspot regions that provide a high level of economic 
benefit to human communities as well as a high con-
centration of genetic and other natural resources. 
(2) Enhancing and expanding partnerships 
throughout the international community to address 
natural resource challenges to ensure healthy and 
sustainable supplies of water, wildlife habitat and 
populations, fish stocks and habitat, forests, plants, 
and other critical resources. 
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(3) 
Integrating 
international 
conservation 
projects and activities to advance United States for-
eign policy priorities in areas such as security, de-
mocratization, sustainable food production, and 
clean water. 
(4) Expanding and enhancing the economic and 
wildlife conservation benefits that derive from prop-
erly managed international hunting and angling 
tourism. 
(5) Addressing poaching, illegal logging, fishing, 
and wildlife trafficking and the flow of funds to 
criminal gangs and terrorists. 
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the National 
Academy of Sciences shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report containing the findings of 
the study conducted pursuant to subsection (a). 
(c) GAO REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
of the United States shall issue a report that includes— 
(1) a detailed description of key federally spon-
sored multilateral international conservation pro-
grams, including— 
(A) the agencies associated with each pro-
gram; 
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(B) the primary goals of each program; 
(C) the extent to which executive branch 
agencies have established measures of perform-
ance and effectiveness for each program; and 
(D) the funds made available to each pro-
gram in the previous fiscal year; 
(2) an assessment on how well executive branch 
agencies are collaborating and coordinating on inter-
national conservation efforts; 
(3) an assessment on the extent to which execu-
tive branch agencies have established strategic goals 
and performance measures; 
(4) an assessment of agency processes to ensure 
conservation programs are administered effectively, 
efficiently, and with minimal expenditures for pro-
gram administration; 
(5) identification of conservation programs and 
policies currently being utilized abroad and evalua-
tion of the potential for similar approaches to be 
adopted by the United States to further the pur-
poses of this Act; 
(6) any recommendations that the Comptroller 
General considers appropriate and useful to improve 
collaboration and coordination between executive 
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branch agencies on international conservation ef-
forts; and 
(7) any other analyses the Comptroller General 
considers necessary or appropriate. 
TITLE II—POLICY PLANNING 
AND IMPLEMENTATION 
SEC. 201. UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION 
STRATEGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President, acting 
through the Interagency Working Group on International 
Conservation designated pursuant to section 202(a), shall 
establish and submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a comprehensive strategy (hereafter referred 
to as the ‘‘International Conservation Strategy’’) to 
strengthen the capacity of the United States to collaborate 
with other countries, international organizations, the pri-
vate sector, and private voluntary organizations on a sus-
tained international effort to conserve natural resources 
and enhance biodiversity in a manner beneficial to the eco-
nomic well-being and security of the United States and 
other participating countries. 
(b) GOALS AND BENCHMARKS.—The International 
Conservation Strategy established pursuant to subsection 
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