I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 644 
To amend the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control 
Act of 1998 to address harmful algal blooms, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 23, 2025 
Ms. BONAMICI (for herself and Mr. JOYCE of Ohio) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology, and in addition to the Committee on Natural Resources, for a pe-
riod to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for con-
sideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com-
mittee concerned 
A BILL 
To amend the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research 
and Control Act of 1998 to address harmful algal 
blooms, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Harmful Algal Bloom 
and Hypoxia Research and Control Amendments Act of 
2025’’. 
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SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO THE HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM 
AND HYPOXIA RESEARCH AND CONTROL ACT 
OF 1998. 
(a) ASSESSMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 603 of the Harmful 
Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act 
of 1998 (33 U.S.C. 4001) is amended— 
(A) in the section heading, by striking 
‘‘ASSESSMENTS’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘TASK 
FORCE, 
ASSESSMENTS, 
AND
ACTION 
STRATEGY’’; 
(B) in subsection (a)— 
(i) by redesignating paragraphs (13) 
and (14) as paragraphs (14) and (15), re-
spectively; and 
(ii) by inserting after paragraph (12) 
the following: 
‘‘(13) the Department of Energy;’’; 
(C) by striking subsections (b), (c), (d), 
(e), (g), (h), and (i) and redesignating sub-
section (f) as subsection (b); 
(D) in subsection (b), as so redesignated— 
(i) in paragraph (1), in the first sen-
tence, by striking ‘‘coastal waters including 
the Great Lakes’’ and inserting ‘‘marine, 
estuarine, and freshwater systems’’; and 
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(ii) in paragraph (2)— 
(I) by amending subparagraph 
(A) to read as follows: 
‘‘(A) examine— 
‘‘(i) the causes and ecological con-
sequences of hypoxia on marine and aquat-
ic species in their environments; and 
‘‘(ii) the costs of hypoxia, including 
impacts on food safety and security;’’; 
(II) by redesignating subpara-
graphs (B), (C), and (D) as subpara-
graphs (D), (E), and (F), respectively; 
(III) by inserting after subpara-
graph (A) the following: 
‘‘(B) examine the effect of other environ-
mental stressors on hypoxia; 
‘‘(C) evaluate alternatives for reducing, 
mitigating, and controlling hypoxia and its envi-
ronmental impacts;’’; and 
(IV) in subparagraph (E), as re-
designated by subclause (II), by strik-
ing ‘‘hypoxia modeling and monitoring 
data’’ and inserting ‘‘hypoxia mod-
eling, forecasting, and monitoring and 
observation data’’; and 
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(E) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) ACTION STRATEGY AND SCIENTIFIC ASSESS-
MENT FOR MARINE AND FRESHWATER HARMFUL ALGAL 
BLOOMS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not less frequently than 
once every 5 years, the Task Force shall complete 
and submit to Congress an action strategy for harm-
ful algal blooms in the United States. 
‘‘(2) 
ELEMENTS.—Each 
Action 
Strategy 
shall— 
‘‘(A) examine, and include a scientific as-
sessment of, marine and freshwater harmful 
algal blooms, including such blooms— 
‘‘(i) in the Great Lakes; 
‘‘(ii) in the upper reaches of estuaries; 
‘‘(iii) in freshwater lakes and rivers; 
‘‘(iv) in coastal and marine waters; 
and 
‘‘(v) that originate in freshwater lakes 
or rivers and migrate to coastal waters; 
‘‘(B) examine the causes, ecological con-
sequences or physiological consequences on 
wildlife function, and economic or cultural im-
pacts, including food safety and security and 
subsistence use, of harmful algal blooms; 
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