H. R. 2670—421 
(B) apply technology solutions that comport with 
industry open technical standard for digital content prove-
nance to photographs and videos of the Department pub-
licly released as described in paragraph (1) after the date 
of the enactment of this Act; 
(C) assess the feasibility and advisability of applying 
an industry open technical standard for digital content 
provenance to historical visual information records of the 
Department stored at the Defense Visual Information 
Records Center; and 
(D) develop and apply measure of effectiveness for 
the implementation of the pilot program. 
(3) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the pilot program, the 
Director of the Defense Media Activity may consult with feder-
ally funded research and development centers, entities within 
private industry, institutions of higher education, and such 
other entities as the Director considers appropriate. 
(4) TERMINATION.—The pilot program shall terminate on 
January 1, 2027. 
(5) REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than January 1, 2026, the 
Director of the Defense Media Activity shall submit to 
the Committees on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Senate a report on the pilot program. 
(B) ELEMENTS.—The report under subparagraph (A) 
shall include the following: 
(i) The findings of the Director with respect to 
the pilot program. 
(ii) The name of each entity the Director consulted 
with pursuant to paragraph (3) in carrying out the 
pilot program. 
(iii) An assessment by the Director of the effective-
ness of the pilot program. 
(iv) A recommendation by the Director as to 
whether the pilot program should be made permanent. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘applicable Department media content’’ means 
any media holding generated, stored, or controlled by the 
Defense Media Activity. 
(2) The term ‘‘digital content forgery’’ means the use of 
emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and 
machine learning techniques, to fabricate or manipulate audio, 
visual, or text content with the intent to mislead. 
(3) The term ‘‘digital content provenance’’ means the 
verifiable chronology of the origin and history of an image, 
video, audio recording, electronic document, or other form of 
digital content. 
SEC. 1525. PRIZE COMPETITIONS FOR BUSINESS SYSTEMS MODERNIZA-
TION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 270 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, under the authority of section 4025 
of title 10, United States Code, the Secretary of Defense shall 
establish one or more prize competitions to support the business 
systems modernization goals of the Department of Defense. 
(b) SCOPE.—
H. R. 2670—422 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall structure 
any prize competition established under subsection (a) to com-
plement, and to the extent practicable, accelerate the delivery 
or expand the functionality of business systems capabilities 
sought by the Secretaries of the military departments that 
are in operation, in development, or belong to any broad class 
of systems covered by the defense business enterprise architec-
ture specified in section 2222(e) of title 10, United States Code. 
(2) AREAS FOR CONSIDERATION.—In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military 
departments shall consider the following: 
(A) Integration of artificial intelligence or machine 
learning capabilities. 
(B) Data analytics, business intelligence, or related 
visualization capabilities. 
(C) Automated updating of business architectures, 
business systems integration, or documentation relating 
to existing systems or manuals. 
(D) Improvements to interfaces or processes for inter-
acting with other non-Department of Defense business sys-
tems. 
(E) Updates or replacements for legacy defense busi-
ness systems to improve operational effectiveness and effi-
ciency, such as the system of the Defense Logistics Agency 
known as the ‘‘Mechanization of Contract Administration 
Services’’ system, or any successor system. 
(F) Contract writing systems, or expanded capabilities 
relating to such systems, that may be integrated into 
existing systems of the Department of Defense. 
(G) Pay and personnel systems, or expanded capabili-
ties relating to such systems, that may be integrated into 
existing systems of the Department of Defense. 
(H) Other finance and accounting systems, or expanded 
capabilities relating to such systems, that may be 
integrated into existing systems of the Department of 
Defense. 
(I) Systems supporting the defense industrial base and 
related supply chain visibility, analytics, and management. 
(c) FRAMEWORK.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing on the framework 
to be used in carrying out the prize competition under subsection 
(a). 
(d) ANNUAL BRIEFINGS.—Not later than October 1 of each year 
until the date of termination under subsection (e), the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on the results of the prize competition under subsection 
(a). 
(e) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out the prize competi-
tion under subsection (a) shall terminate on September 30, 2028. 
SEC. 1526. REQUIREMENTS FOR DEPLOYMENT OF FIFTH GENERATION 
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS CAPABILITIES TO 
MILITARY INSTALLATIONS AND OTHER DEPARTMENT 
FACILITIES. 
(a) REQUIREMENTS.—
H. R. 2670—423 
(1) STRATEGY FOR PRIVATE WIRELESS NETWORKS.—Not later 
than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense shall develop and implement a strategy 
for deploying to military installations and other facilities of 
the Department of Defense private wireless networks that are— 
(A) based on fifth generation information and commu-
nications capabilities and Open Radio Access Network 
architecture; and 
(B) tailored to the mission, security, and performance 
requirements of the respective military installation or other 
facility. 
(2) PROCESS FOR PUBLIC WIRELESS NETWORK SERVICE PRO-
VIDERS.— 
(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish a 
Department-wide process under which a public wireless 
network service provider of fifth generation information 
and communications capabilities may gain access to a mili-
tary installation or other facility of the Department to 
provide commercial subscriber services to military and 
civilian personnel of the Department (including contractor 
personnel) located at, and organizational elements of the 
Department maintained at, such installation or facility. 
(B) 
DESIGN
REQUIREMENTS.—In 
establishing 
the 
process under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure 
relevant system architectures and supporting infrastruc-
ture are designed to support modular upgrades to future 
generation technologies. 
(3) DETERMINATION RELATING TO CONTRACT AUTHORITY.— 
The Secretary shall determine, on a contract-by-contract basis 
or as a determination with uniform applicability to contracts 
across military installations and other facilities of the Depart-
ment, whether to enter into a contract for— 
(A) neutral hosting, under which infrastructure and 
services would be provided to companies deploying private 
wireless networks and public wireless network services 
to such installation or other facility through multi-operator 
core network architectures; or 
(B) separate private wireless network and public wire-
less network infrastructure at such installation or other 
facility (which shall include a determination by the Sec-
retary on how to establish roaming agreements and policies 
between such networks). 
(4) BRIEFING.—Not later than 150 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall provide to the 
congressional defense committees a briefing on the strategy 
developed under paragraph (1) and any other activity carried 
out pursuant to this subsection. 
(b) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary, 
using existing authorities available to the Secretary, may engage 
in cooperation activities with foreign allies and partners of the 
United States to— 
(1) improve the implementation of the strategy under sub-
section (a)(1); and 
(2) inform the deployment of private wireless networks 
to military installations and other facilities of the Department 
pursuant to such strategy.
H. R. 2670—424 
(c) OPEN RADIO ACCESS NETWORK ARCHITECTURE DEFINED.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘Open Radio Access Network architecture’’ 
means a network architecture that is modular, uses open interfaces, 
and virtualizes functionality on commodity hardware through soft-
ware. 
SEC. 1527. REQUIRED POLICIES TO ESTABLISH DATALINK STRATEGY 
OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) POLICIES REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall develop 
and implement policies to establish a unified datalink strategy 
of the Department of Defense (in this section referred to as 
the ‘‘strategy’’). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The policies under paragraph (1) shall pro-
vide for, at a minimum, the following: 
(A) The designation of an organization to serve as 
the lead coordinator of datalink activities throughout the 
Department of Defense. 
(B) The prioritization and coordination across the mili-
tary departments with respect to the strategy within the 
requirements generation process of the Department. 
(C) The use throughout the Department of a common 
standardized datalink network or transport protocol that 
ensures interoperability between independently developed 
datalinks, regardless of physical medium used, and ensures 
mesh routing. In developing such policy, the Secretary of 
Defense shall consider the use of a subset of Internet 
Protocol. 
(D) A programmatic decoupling of the physical method 
used to transmit data, the network or transport protocols 
used in the transmission and reception of data, and the 
applications used to process and use data. 
(E) Coordination of the strategy with respect to weapon 
systems executing the same mission types across the mili-
tary departments, including through the use of a common 
set of datalink waveforms. In developing such policy, the 
Secretary shall evaluate the use of redundant datalinks 
for 
line-of-sight 
and 
beyond-line-of-sight 
information 
exchange for each weapon systems platform. 
(F) Coordination between the Department and the 
intelligence community (as such term is defined in section 
3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)) 
to leverage any efficiencies and overlap with existing 
datalink waveforms of the intelligence community. 
(G) Methods to support the rapid integration of 
common datalinks across the military departments. 
(H) Support for modularity of specific datalink wave-
forms to enable rapid integration of future datalinks, 
including the use of software defined radios compliant with 
modular open system architecture and sensor open system 
architecture. 
(b) INFORMATION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than June 1, 2024, 
the Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) provide to the appropriate congressional committees 
a briefing on the proposed policies under subsection (a)(1), 
including timelines for the implementation of such policies; 
and
H. R. 2670—425 
(2) submit to the appropriate congressional committees— 
(A) an estimated timeline for the implementations of 
datalinks; 
(B) a list of any additional resources and authorities 
necessary to implement the strategy; and 
(C) a determination of whether a common set of 
datalinks can and should be implemented across all major 
weapon systems (as such term is defined in section 3455 
of title 10, United States Code) of the Department of 
Defense. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means 
the congressional defense committees and the congressional intel-
ligence committees, as such term is defined in section 3 of the 
National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 
Subtitle D—Personnel 
SEC. 1531. OFFICE FOR ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT RELATING TO CYBER 
ACTIVITIES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Chapter 111 of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting after section 2192b the following 
new section: 
‘‘§ 2192c. Office for academic engagement relating to cyber 
activities 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, acting through 
the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense, shall 
establish an office to establish, maintain, and oversee the activities 
of the Department of Defense that pertain to the relationship 
between the Department and academia, including with entities 
involved in primary, secondary, or postsecondary education, with 
respect to cyber-related matters (in this section referred to as the 
‘Office’). 
‘‘(b) DIRECTOR.—The Office shall have a Director who shall 
report directly to the Chief Information Officer of the Department 
of Defense. An individual serving as Director, while so serving, 
shall be a member of the Senior Executive Service. 
‘‘(c) RESPONSIBILITIES.—(1) The Office shall be responsible for 
the following: 
‘‘(A) Serving as the consolidated focal point for engagements 
carried out between the Department of Defense and academia 
with respect to cyber-related matters. 
‘‘(B) Coordinating covered academic engagement programs 
for the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(C) Conducting ongoing analysis, as determined necessary 
by the Director, of the performance of cyber-related educational 
scholarships, camps, support efforts, and volunteer partnerships 
of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(D) Identifying actions the Secretary of Defense may take 
to improve the cyber skills of personnel within the Department 
of Defense through participation by such personnel in covered 
academic engagement programs, for the purposes of assisting 
the Secretary in cyber-related matters and meeting the long- 
term national defense needs of the United States for personnel 
proficient in such skills.
H. R. 2670—426 
‘‘(E) Managing funds and resources for the National Cen-
ters for Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity program, the 
Department of Defense Cyber Scholarship Program, the 
National Defense University College of Information and Cyber-
space, the University Consortium for Cybersecurity, the senior 
military colleges, and other educational partnerships between 
academic institutions and active components of the Armed 
Forces. 
‘‘(F) Establishing requirements, policies, and procedures 
to collect data on, and to monitor and evaluate, the performance 
of covered academic engagement programs with respect to the 
involvement in such programs by the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(G) Monitoring and evaluating through applicable perform-
ance measurements (including those established pursuant to 
subparagraph (F)) the performance of covered academic engage-
ment programs with respect to the involvement in such pro-
grams by the Department of Defense, and advising the Sec-
retary of Defense on whether to continue, modify, or terminate 
such involvement. 
‘‘(H) Conducting budgetary oversight and supervision, 
taking into consideration the findings of performance evalua-
tions under subparagraph (G), with respect to— 
‘‘(i) the involvement in covered academic engagement 
programs by the Department of Defense; and 
‘‘(ii) other matters relating to the responsibilities under 
this subsection. 
‘‘(2) The Office shall be the office of primary responsibility 
for carrying out the following: 
‘‘(A) Section 2200c of title 10, United States Code. 
‘‘(B) Section 1640 of the John S. McCain National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 
10 U.S.C. 2200 note). 
‘‘(C) Section 1649 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 133 Stat. 1758). 
‘‘(D) The duties of the Secretary of Defense under section 
1659 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2020 (Public Law 116–92; 10 U.S.C. 391 note). 
‘‘(E) The duties of the Chief Information Officer of the 
Department of Defense under section 1726 of the William M. 
(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 10 U.S.C. 1599f note). 
‘‘(F) Section 1532 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 2191 
note prec.). 
‘‘(G) Section 1535 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 U.S.C. 2200 
note). 
‘‘(H) Such other provisions of law as the Secretary of 
Defense may determine relevant. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORITY RELATING TO COMPLIANCE.—The Secretary of 
Defense shall take such steps as may be necessary to ensure that 
the Director of the Office has sufficient authority to compel and 
enforce compliance with any decisions or directives issued pursuant 
to the responsibilities under subsection (c). 
‘‘(e) ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out this section, 
the Director of the Office may, under any provision of this chapter 
or any other provision of this title providing for the support of
H. R. 2670—427 
educational programs in cyber-related matters (and unless other-
wise specified in such provision)— 
‘‘(1) enter into contracts and cooperative agreements, 
including for the purpose of supporting academic and hands- 
on programs for individuals transitioning into the cyber field 
of the Department; 
‘‘(2) make grants of financial assistance, including to 
civilian and military students; 
‘‘(3) provide cash awards and other items; 
‘‘(4) accept voluntary services; and 
‘‘(5) support national competition judging, other educational 
event activities, and associated award ceremonies in connection 
with covered academic engagement programs. 
‘‘(f) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER ENTITIES.—The Under Secretary 
of Defense for Research and Engineering and the Secretaries con-
cerned shall coordinate and collaborate with the Director of the 
Office on covered academic engagement programs sponsored by 
the Under Secretary as Science, Technology, Engineering, and 
Mathematics (STEM) programs and activities. 
‘‘(g) COVERED ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT PROGRAM DEFINED.— 
In this section, the term ‘covered academic engagement program’ 
means any of the following: 
‘‘(1) A primary, secondary, or post-secondary educational 
program with a cyber focus. 
‘‘(2) A program of the Department of Defense for the recruit-
ment or retention of cyberspace civilian and military personnel 
(including scholarship programs) other than a Reserve Officers’ 
Training Corps program. 
‘‘(3) An academic partnership focused on establishing cyber 
talent among the personnel referred to in paragraph (2).’’. 
(b) DEADLINE FOR ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish the office under section 2192c of title 10, United 
States Code, as added by subsection (a), by not later than 270 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) PROGRAM TO ESTABLISH CYBER INSTITUTES AT INSTITU-
TIONS
OF
HIGHER
LEARNING.—Section 1640 of the John S. 
McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2019 (Public Law 115–232; 10 U.S.C. 2200 note) is amended 
by inserting at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(h) DISCHARGE THROUGH DIRECTOR.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Secretary of Defense shall act through the Director of 
the office established under section 2192c of title 10, United States 
Code.’’. 
(2) REPORT ON CYBERSECURITY TRAINING PROGRAMS.—Sec-
tion 1649 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 133 Stat. 1758) is amended 
by inserting ‘‘, acting through the Director of the office estab-
lished under section 2192c of title 10, United States Code,’’ 
after ‘‘Secretary of Defense’’. 
(3) CONSORTIA OF UNIVERSITIES TO ADVISE SECRETARY OF 
DEFENSE
ON
CYBERSECURITY
MATTERS.—Section 1659 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public 
Law 116–92; 10 U.S.C. 391 note) is amended by adding at 
the following new subsection: 
‘‘(g) DISCHARGE THROUGH DIRECTOR.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Secretary of Defense shall act through the Director of
H. R. 2670—428 
the office established under section 2192c of title 10, United States 
Code.’’. 
(4) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CYBER WORKFORCE EFFORTS.— 
Section 1726 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 
116–283; 10 U.S.C. 1599f note) is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(b) DISCHARGE THROUGH DIRECTOR.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense 
shall act through the Director of the office established under section 
2192c of title 10, United States Code.’’. 
(5) STUDY ON ESTABLISHMENT OF DESIGNATED CENTRAL PRO-
GRAM OFFICE.—Section 1532 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 
2191 note prec.) is amended— 
(A) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); 
and 
(B) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(e) DISCHARGE THROUGH DIRECTOR.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Secretary of Defense shall act through the Director of 
the office established under section 2192c of title 10, United States 
Code.’’. 
(6) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CYBER AND DIGITAL SERVICE 
ACADEMY.—Section 1535 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 U.S.C. 2200 
note) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(p) DISCHARGE THROUGH DIRECTOR.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the Secretary of Defense shall act through the Director of 
the office established under section 2192c of title 10, United States 
Code.’’. 
SEC. 1532. SELECTED RESERVE ORDER TO ACTIVE DUTY TO RESPOND 
TO A SIGNIFICANT CYBER INCIDENT. 
Section 12304 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘for any named operational 
mission’’; 
(2) by redesignating subsections (c) through (j) as sub-
sections (d) through (k), respectively; 
(3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(c) AUTHORITY RELATING TO SIGNIFICANT CYBER INCIDENTS.— 
When the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the department 
in which the Coast Guard is operating determines that it is nec-
essary to augment the active armed forces for the response of 
the Department of Defense or other department under which the 
Coast Guard is operating, respectively, to a covered incident, such 
Secretary may, without the consent of the member affected, order 
any unit, and any member not assigned to a unit organized to 
serve as a unit of the Selected Reserve (as defined in section 
10143(a) of this title), under the respective jurisdiction of such 
Secretary, to active duty for not more than 365 consecutive days.’’; 
(4) in paragraph (1) of subsection (d), as redesignated by 
paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘or subsection (c)’’ after ‘‘subsection 
(b)’’;
H. R. 2670—429 
(5) in subsection (g), as redesignated by paragraph (2), 
by inserting ‘‘or subsection (c)’’ after ‘‘subsection (a)’’; 
(6) by amending subsection (h), as redesignated by para-
graph (2), to read as follows: 
‘‘(h) TERMINATION
OF DUTY.—(1) Whenever any unit of the 
Selected Reserve or any member of the Selected Reserve not 
assigned to a unit organized to serve as a unit, or any member 
of the Individual Ready Reserve, is ordered to active duty under 
authority of subsection (a), the service of all units or members 
so ordered to active duty may be terminated by— 
‘‘(A) order of the President; or 
‘‘(B) law. 
‘‘(2) Whenever any unit of the Selected Reserve or any member 
of the Selected Reserve not assigned to a unit organized to serve 
as a unit is ordered to active duty under authority of subsection 
(c), the service of all units or members so ordered to active duty 
may be terminated by— 
‘‘(A) order of the Secretary of Defense or, with respect 
to the Coast Guard, the Secretary of the Department in which 
the Coast Guard is operating; or 
‘‘(B) law.’’; and 
(7) in subsection (k), as redesignated by paragraph (2)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as para-
graphs (2) and (3), respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after the matter preceding paragraph 
(2), as so redesignated, the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘covered incident’ means— 
‘‘(A) a cyber incident involving a Department of Defense 
information system, or a breach of a Department of Defense 
system that involves personally identifiable information, 
that the Secretary of Defense determines is likely to result 
in demonstrable harm to the national security interests, 
foreign relations, or the economy of the United States, 
or to the public confidence, civil liberties, or public health 
and safety of the people of the United States; 
‘‘(B) a cyber incident involving a Department of Home-
land Security information system, or a breach of a Depart-
ment of Homeland Security system that involves personally 
identifiable information, that the Secretary of Homeland 
Security determines is likely to result in demonstrable 
harm to the national security interests, foreign relations, 
or the economy of the United States or to the public con-
fidence, civil liberties, or public health and safety of the 
people of the United States; 
‘‘(C) a cyber incident, or collection of related cyber 
incidents, that the President determines is likely to result 
in demonstrable harm to the national security interests, 
foreign relations, or economy of the United States or to 
the public confidence, civil liberties, or public health and 
safety of the people of the United States; or 
‘‘(D) a significant incident declared pursuant to section 
2233 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
677b).’’.
H. R. 2670—430 
SEC. 1533. POST-GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE 
CYBER 
SERVICE 
ACADEMY 
SCHOLARSHIP 
RECIPIENTS IN INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. 
Section 1535 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 
U.S.C. 2200 note) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE
CYBER
AND
DIGITAL
SERVICE
ACADEMY’’ and 
inserting 
‘‘DEPARTMENT
OF
DEFENSE
CYBER
SERVICE 
ACADEMY’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘, the heads of the 
elements of the intelligence community,’’ after ‘‘the Sec-
retary of Homeland Security’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘Department of 
Defense Cyber and Digital Service Academy’’ and inserting 
‘‘Department of Defense Cyber Service Academy’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘or an element of the intelligence 
community’’ after ‘‘missions of the Department’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘Secretary’’ each place it appears and 
inserting ‘‘head concerned’’; 
(4) in subsection (e)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘Secretary’’ each place it appears and 
inserting ‘‘head concerned’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘, or within an element of the intel-
ligence community, as the case may be’’ after ‘‘United 
States Code’’; 
(5) in subsections (h), (j), and (k), by striking ‘‘Secretary’’ 
each place it appears and inserting ‘‘head concerned’’; and 
(6) by adding at the end of the following new subsections: 
‘‘(p) INTERAGENCY CONSIDERATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), a scholarship 
recipient may satisfy their post-award employment obligation 
under this section by working for an element of the intelligence 
community that is not part of the Department of Defense only 
if— 
‘‘(A) the Secretary of Defense has entered into an agree-
ment with the head of that element authorizing the place-
ment of scholarship recipients under the Program in posi-
tions within that element; 
‘‘(B) under such agreement, the head of that element 
has agreed to reimburse the Department of Defense for 
the scholarship program costs associated with any scholar-
ship recipient so placed; and 
‘‘(C) the scholarship recipient has satisfied appropriate 
hiring 
criteria 
and 
security 
clearance 
requirements 
applicable to that element. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATION ON PERCENTAGE PER GRADUATING CLASS.— 
Not more than 10 percent of each graduating class of scholar-
ship recipients under the Program may be placed in positions 
not within the Department of Defense unless the Secretary 
of Defense submits to the congressional defense committees 
a certification that the Department of Defense is unable to 
facilitate placements in positions within the Department of 
Defense for such excess percentage. 
‘‘(q) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
H. R. 2670—431 
‘‘(1) The term ‘head concerned’ means— 
‘‘(A) The Secretary of Defense, with respect to matters 
concerning the Department of Defense; or 
‘‘(B) the head of an element of the intelligence commu-
nity, with respect to matters concerning that element. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘intelligence community’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 3 of the National Security Act 
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003).’’. 
SEC. 1534. MINIMUM NUMBER OF SCHOLARSHIPS TO BE AWARDED 
ANNUALLY THROUGH DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CYBER 
SERVICE ACADEMY. 
Section 1535(c) of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 
U.S.C. 2200 note) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph: 
‘‘(5) MINIMUM NUMBER OF SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
award not fewer than 1,000 scholarships under the Pro-
gram in fiscal year 2026 and in each fiscal year thereafter. 
‘‘(B) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense may award 
fewer than the number of scholarships required under 
subparagraph (A) in a fiscal year if the Secretary deter-
mines and notifies the congressional defense committees 
that fewer scholarships are necessary to address workforce 
needs.’’. 
SEC. 1535. PILOT PROGRAM AND OTHER MEASURES TO ENHANCE 
READINESS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF CYBER MISSION 
FORCE. 
(a) PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
AND TRAINING
FOR CRITICAL 
WORK ROLES.—Not later than 270 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) direct and oversee the implementation of guidance, 
to be issued by each Secretary of a military department, that 
correlates critical work roles to military occupational specialties 
and periods of obligated service with respect to that military 
department; 
(2) require that, prior to the attachment or assignment 
of a member of the Armed Forces to a unit of the United 
States Cyber Command, the Secretary concerned ensure such 
member is fully trained and in compliance with the required 
standards for the work role to be assumed by the member 
within such unit, including with respect to critical work roles 
within the Cyber Mission Force; 
(3) ensure that the period of obligated service for members 
of the Armed Forces is— 
(A) uniform across the military departments with 
respect to positions of the Cyber Mission Force involving 
critical work roles; 
(B) commensurate with the financial and time invest-
ments made by Secretary concerned for the purpose of 
furnishing training pursuant to paragraph (2); and 
(C) sufficient to meet the readiness requirements estab-
lished by the Commander of the United States Cyber Com-
mand; 
(4) facilitate consecutive assignments of members of the 
Armed Forces to the same unit of the United States Cyber
H. R. 2670—432 
Command without inhibiting the advancement or promotion 
potential of any such member; 
(5) provide to the Secretaries of the military departments 
direction for the integration of critical work roles into the 
personnel system of record of the respective military depart-
ment, to provide for tracking cyber personnel data by work 
role; and 
(6) establish within at least one military department the 
curriculum and capacity necessary to train sufficient numbers 
of members of the Armed Forces from across the military 
departments in the performance of critical work roles within 
the Cyber Mission Force to achieve the readiness requirements 
established by the Commander of United States Cyber Com-
mand. 
(b) PILOT PROGRAM ON CONTRACTING FOR SERVICES RELEVANT 
TO CRITICAL WORK ROLES.— 
(1) PILOT PROGRAM.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander of the United 
States Cyber Command shall carry out a pilot program under 
which the Commander shall seek to enter into one or more 
contracts under which skilled contractor personnel provide serv-
ices relevant to critical work roles within the Cyber Mission 
Force, for the purpose of enhancing the readiness and effective-
ness of the Cyber Mission Force. 
(2) DURATION.—The Commander shall carry out the pilot 
program under paragraph (1) during the three-year period 
beginning on the date of the commencement of the pilot pro-
gram and following such period, may— 
(A) continue carrying out such pilot program for such 
duration as the Commander considers appropriate; 
(B) transition such pilot program to a permanent pro-
gram; or 
(C) terminate such pilot program. 
(c) PLAN ON HIRING, TRAINING, AND RETAINING CIVILIANS TO 
SERVE IN CRITICAL WORK ROLES.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander of the 
United States Cyber Command shall— 
(1) develop a plan to hire, train, and retain civilians to 
serve in critical work roles and other work roles within the 
Cyber Mission Force, for the purpose of enhancing the readiness 
and effectiveness of the Cyber Mission Force; and 
(2) provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on such plan. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘critical work role’’ means a work role des-
ignated as critical by the Commander of the United States 
Cyber Command for purposes of this section. 
(2) The term ‘‘Secretary concerned’’ has the meaning given 
that term in section 101 of title 10, United States Code. 
SEC. 1536. AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT PILOT PROGRAM ON CIVILIAN 
CYBERSECURITY RESERVE. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of the Army may conduct a 
pilot program to establish a Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve to pro-
vide to the United States Cyber Command manpower to effec-
tively—
H. R. 2670—433 
(1) preempt, defeat, deter, or respond to malicious cyber 
activity; 
(2) conduct cyberspace operations; 
(3) secure information and systems of the Department of 
Defense against malicious cyber activity; and 
(4) assist in solving cyber workforce-related challenges. 
(b) CONDITIONS PRIOR TO CONDUCT OF PILOT PROGRAM.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION
PLAN.—The Secretary of the Army 
may not take any action to commence a pilot program pursuant 
to the authority under subsection (a) until the Secretary— 
(A) submits to the congressional defense committees 
an implementation plan for the pilot program; and 
(B) provides to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on such implementation plan. 
(2) PROGRAM
GUIDANCE.—If the Secretary of the Army 
intends to conduct a pilot program pursuant to the authority 
under subsection (a), prior to commencing such pilot program, 
the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the Office 
of Personnel Management and the Director of the Office of 
Government Ethics, shall issue guidance for the establishment 
and implementation of the pilot program. 
(c) CONDITIONS ON CONDUCT OF PILOT PROGRAM.—Any pilot 
program conducted by the Secretary of the Army pursuant to the 
authority under subsection (a) shall be subject to the following: 
(1) HIRING AUTHORITY; STATUS IN RESERVE.— 
(A) HIRING AUTHORITY.—In conducting the pilot pro-
gram, the Secretary of the Army may use any authority 
otherwise available to the Secretary for the recruitment, 
employment, and retention of civilian personnel within the 
Department, including the authority under section 1599f 
of title 10, United States Code. 
(B) STATUS IN RESERVE.—During the period beginning 
on the date on which an individual is recruited to serve 
in the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve and ending on the 
date on which the individual is appointed to the Civilian 
Cybersecurity Reserve, and during any period elapsing 
between any such appointments, the individual may not 
be considered a Federal employee. 
(2) ELIGIBILITY; APPLICATION AND SELECTION.— 
(A) CRITERIA REQUIRED.—The Secretary of the Army 
shall establish criteria for— 
(i) individuals to be eligible to serve in the Civilian 
Cybersecurity Reserve; and 
(ii) the application and selection processes for 
service in the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve. 
(B) REQUIREMENTS
FOR
INDIVIDUALS.—The criteria 
under subparagraph (A) shall include, with respect to an 
individual— 
(i) if the individual has previously served as a 
member of the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve, that 
the previous appointment ended not fewer than 60 
days before the individual may be appointed for a 
subsequent temporary position in the Civilian Cyberse-
curity Reserve; and 
(ii) cybersecurity expertise. 
(C) PRESCREENING.—The Secretary of the Army shall—
H. R. 2670—434 
(i) prior to the appointment of an individual to 
the 
Civilian 
Cybersecurity 
Reserve, 
conduct 
a 
prescreening of the individual for any topic or product 
that would create a conflict of interest; and 
(ii) require each individual so appointed to notify 
the Secretary if a potential conflict of interest arises 
during such appointment. 
(D) AGREEMENT REQUIRED.—The Secretary of the Army 
may only appoint an individual to the Civilian Cybersecu-
rity Reserve if the individual enters into an agreement 
with the Secretary to serve in the Civilian Cybersecurity 
Reserve. Such agreement shall set forth the rights and 
obligations of the individual and the Army. 
(E) EXCEPTION
FOR
CONTINUING
MILITARY
SERVICE 
COMMITMENTS.—A member of the Selected Reserve under 
section 10143 of title 10, United States Code, may not 
serve as a member of the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve. 
(F) PROHIBITION.—No individual who is an officer or 
employee of the United States Government, including any 
member of the uniformed services, may be recruited or 
appointed to serve in the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve. 
(3) SECURITY CLEARANCES.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Army shall 
ensure that each member of the Civilian Cybersecurity 
Reserve is subject to appropriate personnel vetting and 
adjudication commensurate with the duties of the position, 
including, with respect to positions for which a security 
clearance is necessary, a favorable determination of eligi-
bility for access to classified information, consistent with 
applicable provisions of law and policy. 
(B) COST OF SPONSORING CLEARANCES.—If a member 
of the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve requires a security 
clearance in order to carry out the duties of the member, 
the Army shall be responsible for the cost of sponsoring 
the security clearance of the member. 
(4) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than one year after the date 
on which the guidance under subsection (b)(2) is issued with 
respect to the pilot program, and annually thereafter until 
the date on which the pilot program terminates pursuant to 
paragraph (7), the Secretary of the Army shall provide to the 
congressional defense committees a briefing on activities carried 
out under the pilot program, including— 
(A) participation in the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve, 
including the number of members of the Civilian Cyberse-
curity Reserve, the diversity of such members, and any 
barriers to recruitment or retention of such members; 
(B) an evaluation of the ethical requirements of the 
pilot program; 
(C) whether the Civilian Cybersecurity Reserve has 
been effective in providing additional capacity to the Army; 
and 
(D) an evaluation of the eligibility requirements for 
the pilot program. 
(5) FINAL
REPORT
AND
BRIEFING
REQUIRED.—Not earlier 
than 180 days and not later than 90 days prior to the date 
on which the pilot program terminates pursuant to paragraph 
(7), the Secretary of the Army shall submit to the congressional
H. R. 2670—435 
defense committees a report, and provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing, on recommendations relating 
to the pilot program, including recommendations for— 
(A) whether the pilot program should be modified, 
extended in duration, or established as a permanent pro-
gram, and if so, an appropriate scope for the program; 
(B) how to attract prospective members of the Civilian 
Cybersecurity Reserve, ensure a diversity of such members, 
and address any barriers to recruitment or retention of 
such members; 
(C) the ethical requirements of the pilot program and 
the effectiveness of mitigation efforts to address any conflict 
of interest concerns; and 
(D) an evaluation of the eligibility requirements for 
the pilot program. 
(6) EVALUATION
REQUIRED.—Not later than three years 
after the date on which the pilot program commences, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall— 
(A) conduct a study evaluating the pilot program; and 
(B) submit to the congressional defense committees— 
(i) a report on the results of the study; and 
(ii) a recommendation with respect to whether the 
pilot program should be modified. 
(7) SUNSET.—The authority to conduct the pilot program 
shall terminate on the date that is four years after the date 
on which the pilot program commences. 
SEC. 1537. REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF USER ACTIVITY 
MONITORING FOR CERTAIN PERSONNEL. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall require each 
head of a component of the Department of Defense to fully imple-
ment each directive, policy, and program requirement for user 
activity monitoring and least privilege access controls with respect 
to the personnel of that component, including Federal employees 
and contractors, granted access to classified information and classi-
fied networks, including the following directives (and any successor 
directives): 
(1) The Committee on National Security Systems Directive 
504, issued on February 4, 2014, relating to the protection 
of national security systems from insider threats (including 
any annex to such directive). 
(2) Department of Defense Directive 5205.16, issued on 
September 30, 2014, relating to the insider threat program 
of the Department of Defense. 
(b) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
require each head of a component of the Department of Defense 
to implement, with respect to systems, devices, and personnel of 
the component, automated controls to detect and prohibit privileged 
user accounts from performing general user activities not requiring 
privileged access. 
(c) PERIODIC TESTING.—The Secretary shall require that, not 
less frequently than once every two years, each head of a component 
of the Department of Defense— 
(1) conducts insider threat testing using threat-realistic 
tactics, techniques, and procedures; and 
(2) submits to the Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-
ligence and Security, the Chief Information Officer of the
H. R. 2670—436 
Department of Defense, and the Director of Operational Test 
and Evaluation of the Department of Defense a report on the 
findings of the head with respect to the testing conducted 
pursuant to paragraph (1). 
(d) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
implementation of this section. 
(e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representa-
tives; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Select Com-
mittee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1538. STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL RESILIENCY OF CYBER MISSION 
FORCE. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Principal Cyber Advisor of the Depart-
ment of Defense and the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel 
and Readiness, in coordination with the principal cyber advisors 
of the military departments and the Commander of the United 
States Cyber Command, shall conduct a study on the personnel 
and resources required to enhance and support the occupational 
resiliency of the Cyber Mission Force. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study under subsection (a) shall include 
the following: 
(1) An inventory of the resources and programs available 
to personnel assigned to the Cyber Mission Force, disaggregated 
by Armed Force and location. 
(2) An assessment of the risk to the occupational resiliency 
of such personnel relative to the respective operational work 
role within the Cyber Mission Force (as defined by the Com-
mander of the United States Cyber Command) and the number 
of such personnel available to perform operations in each such 
category of operational work role. 
(3) An evaluation of the extent to which personnel assigned 
to the Cyber Mission Force have been made aware of the 
resources and programs referred to in paragraph (1), and of 
measures required to improve such awareness. 
(4) A determination by the Commander of the United States 
Cyber Command regarding the adequacy and accessibility of 
such resources and programs for personnel assigned to the 
Cyber Mission Force. 
(5) Such other matters as may be determined necessary 
by the Principal Cyber Advisor of the Department of Defense 
and the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readi-
ness. 
(c) SUBMISSION
TO CONGRESS.—Upon completing the study 
under subsection (a), the Principal Cyber Advisor of the Department 
of Defense and the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and 
Readiness shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report containing the results of such study. 
(d) OCCUPATIONAL RESILIENCY DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘occupational resiliency’’ means, with respect to personnel
H. R. 2670—437 
assigned to the Cyber Mission Force, the ability of such personnel 
to mitigate the unique psychological factors that contribute to the 
degradation of mental health and job performance under such 
assignment. 
Subtitle E—Artificial Intelligence 
SEC. 1541. MODIFICATION TO ACQUISITION AUTHORITY OF SENIOR 
OFFICIAL WITH PRINCIPAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR ARTIFI-
CIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING. 
Section 808 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 10 U.S.C. 4001 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ‘‘The Secretary of 
Defense shall provide the Office with at least 10 full-time 
employees’’ and inserting ‘‘The Secretary of Defense shall 
ensure that, at any given time for the duration of the period 
specified in subsection (d), the Office has at least 10 full- 
time employees provided by the Secretary’’; 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘in each of fiscal years 
2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025’’ and inserting ‘‘in each of 
fiscal years 2024 through 2029’’; 
(3) by amending subsection (e)(1) to read as follows: 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date of the enactment of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, the Secretary of 
Defense, acting through the Under Secretary of Defense 
for Acquisition and Sustainment, shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees a plan for the delegation 
and exercise of the acquisition authority described in sub-
section (a). 
‘‘(B) DEMONSTRATION
REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, the Sec-
retary of Defense, acting through the Chief Digital and 
Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense, 
shall provide a demonstration of operational capability 
delivered under such authority. In addition to the matters 
specified in paragraph (4), such demonstration shall include 
a description of— 
‘‘(i) how the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence 
Officer may use the acquisition authorities available 
to the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer 
to further the data and artificial intelligence objectives 
of the Department of Defense, including an inventory 
of requirements and funding associated with the exer-
cise of such acquisition authorities; 
‘‘(ii) how the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer may use the acquisition authorities of 
other Federal entities to further such objectives, 
including an inventory of requirements and funding 
associated with the exercise of such acquisition authori-
ties; and
H. R. 2670—438 
‘‘(iii) the challenges and benefits of using the 
acquisition authorities described in clauses (i) and (ii), 
respectively, to further such objectives.’’; and 
(4) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘October 1, 2025’’ and 
inserting ‘‘October 1, 2029’’. 
SEC. 1542. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BUG BOUNTY PROGRAMS. 
(a) PROGRAM
FOR FOUNDATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 
PRODUCTS BEING INTEGRATED WITHIN DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
(1) DEVELOPMENT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act and subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer of the Department of Defense shall develop 
a bug bounty program for foundational artificial intelligence 
models being integrated into the missions and operations of 
the Department of Defense. 
(2) COLLABORATION.—In developing the program under 
paragraph (1), the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence 
Officer may collaborate with the heads of other Federal depart-
ments and agencies with expertise in cybersecurity and artifi-
cial intelligence. 
(3) IMPLEMENTATION AUTHORIZED.—The Chief Digital and 
Artificial Intelligence Officer may carry out the program devel-
oped under subsection (a). 
(4) CONTRACTS.—The Secretary of Defense shall ensure, 
as may be appropriate, that whenever the Secretary enters 
into any contract, such contract allows for participation in 
the bug bounty program developed under paragraph (1). 
(5) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection 
shall be construed to require— 
(A) the use of any foundational artificial intelligence 
model; or 
(B) the implementation of the program developed under 
paragraph (1) for the purpose of the integration of a 
foundational artificial intelligence model into the missions 
or operations of the Department of Defense. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence 
Officer shall provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on— 
(1) the development and implementation of bug bounty 
programs the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer 
considers relevant to the matters covered by this section; and 
(2) long-term plans of the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer with respect to such bug bounty programs. 
(c) FOUNDATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL DEFINED.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘foundational artificial intelligence model’’ 
means an adaptive generative model that is trained on a broad 
set of unlabeled data sets that may be used for different tasks 
with minimal fine-tuning. 
SEC. 1543. PRIZE COMPETITION FOR TECHNOLOGY THAT DETECTS 
AND WATERMARKS USE OF GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL 
INTELLIGENCE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 270 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, under the authority of section 4025 
of title 10, United States Code, the Secretary of Defense shall 
establish a prize competition designed to evaluate technology
H. R. 2670—439 
(including applications, tools, and models) for generative artificial 
intelligence 
detection 
and 
generative 
artificial 
intelligence 
watermarking, for the purposes of— 
(1) facilitating the research, development, testing, evalua-
tion, and competition of such technologies to support the Secre-
taries of the military departments and the commanders of 
combatant commands in warfighting requirements; and 
(2) transitioning such technologies, including technologies 
developed pursuant to pilot programs, prototype projects, or 
other research and development programs, from the prototyping 
phase to production. 
(b) PARTICIPATION.—The participants in the prize competition 
under subsection (a) may include federally funded research and 
development centers, entities within the private sector, entities 
within the defense industrial base, institutions of higher education, 
Federal departments and agencies, and such other categories of 
participants as the Secretary of Defense considers appropriate. 
(c) DESIGNATION.—The prize competition under subsection (a) 
shall be known as the ‘‘Generative AI Detection and Watermark 
Competition’’. 
(d) ADMINISTRATION.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Research and Engineering shall administer the prize competition 
under subsection (a). 
(e) FRAMEWORK.—Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing on the framework 
to be used in carrying out the prize competition under subsection 
(a). 
(f) ANNUAL BRIEFINGS.—Not later than October 1 of each year 
until the date of termination under subsection (g), the Secretary 
of Defense shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on the results of the prize competition under subsection 
(a). 
(g) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out the prize competi-
tion under subsection (a) shall terminate on December 31, 2025. 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘generative artificial intelligence detection’’ 
means, with respect to digital content, the positive identification 
of the use of generative artificial intelligence in the generation 
of such content. 
(2) 
The 
term 
‘‘generative 
artificial 
intelligence 
watermarking’’ means, with respect to digital content, embed-
ding within such content data conveying attribution of the 
generation of such content to generative artificial intelligence. 
SEC. 1544. PLANS, STRATEGIES, AND OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO 
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Deputy Secretary of Defense, shall— 
(1) establish and document procedures, including timelines, 
for the periodic review of the 2018 Department of Defense 
Artificial Intelligence Strategy, or any successor strategy, and 
associated annexes of the military departments to assess the 
implementation of such strategy and whether any revision is 
necessary;
H. R. 2670—440 
(2) issue Department of Defense-wide guidance that defines 
outcomes of near-term and long-term strategies and plans 
relating to— 
(A) the adoption of artificial intelligence; 
(B) the adoption and enforcement of policies on the 
ethical use of artificial intelligence systems; and 
(C) the identification and mitigation of bias in artificial 
intelligence algorithms; 
(3) issue Department-wide guidance regarding methods to 
monitor accountability for artificial intelligence-related activity, 
including artificial intelligence performance indicators and 
metrics; 
(4) develop a strategic plan for the development, use, and 
cybersecurity of generative artificial intelligence, including a 
policy governing the use of, and the defense against adversarial 
use of, generative artificial intelligence; 
(5) assess technical workforce needs across the future years 
defense plan to support the continued development of artificial 
intelligence capabilities, including recruitment and retention 
policies and programs; 
(6) assess the availability and adequacy of the basic artifi-
cial intelligence training and education curricula, including 
efforts developed or authorized pursuant to section 256 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (133 
Stat. 1290; Public Law 116–92), available to the broader civilian 
workforce of the Department and military personnel to promote 
artificial intelligence literacy to the nontechnical workforce and 
senior leadership with responsibilities adjacent to artificial 
intelligence technical development; 
(7) develop and issue a timeline and guidance for the 
Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Depart-
ment and the Secretaries of the military departments to estab-
lish a common lexicon for artificial intelligence-related activi-
ties; 
(8) develop and implement a plan to protect and secure 
the integrity, availability, and privacy of artificial intelligence 
systems and models, including large language models, data 
libraries, data repositories, and algorithms, in training, develop-
ment, and production environments; 
(9) ensure the fulfilment of the statutory requirement to 
establish data repositories under section 232 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 
117–81; 10 U.S.C. 4001 note), as amended by section 212 of 
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 
(Public Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2466); 
(10) develop and implement a plan— 
(A) to identify commercially available and relevant 
large language models; and 
(B) to make such models available, as appropriate, 
on classified networks; 
(11) develop a plan to defend the personnel, organizations, 
and systems of the Department against adversarial artificial 
intelligence, including an identification of organizations within 
the Department capable of providing to cyber red teams of 
the Department capabilities for operational and developmental 
needs;
H. R. 2670—441 
(12) develop and implement a policy for use by contracting 
officials to protect the intellectual property of commercial enti-
ties that provide artificial intelligence algorithms to a data 
repository specified in paragraph (9), including a policy for 
how to address data rights in situations in which governmental 
and commercial intellectual property may be mixed when such 
artificial intelligence algorithms are deployed in an operational 
environment; 
(13) issue guidance and directives governing how the Chief 
Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department 
shall exercise authority to access, control, and maintain, on 
behalf of the Secretary, data collected, acquired, accessed, or 
used by components of the Department consistent with section 
1513 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 10 U.S.C. 4001 
note); and 
(14) clarify guidance on the instances for, and the role 
of human intervention and oversight in, the exercise of artificial 
intelligence algorithms for use in the generation of offensive 
or lethal courses of action for tactical operations. 
(b) ETHICAL AND RESPONSIBLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.— 
(1) PROCESS.—The Secretary of Defense, acting through 
the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer, shall 
develop and implement a process— 
(A) to assess whether a given artificial intelligence 
technology used by the Department of Defense is in compli-
ance with a test, evaluation, verification, and validation 
framework that— 
(i) operationalizes responsible artificial intelligence 
principles; and 
(ii) is validated and selected by the Chief Digital 
and Artificial Intelligence Officer for purposes of this 
subsection; 
(B) to report and remediate any artificial intelligence 
technology that is determined not to be in compliance with 
the framework selected pursuant to subparagraph (A); and 
(C) in a case in which efforts to remediate such tech-
nology have been unsuccessful, to discontinue the use of 
the technology until effective remediation is achievable. 
(2) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.—In developing and imple-
menting the process under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
Defense shall— 
(A) develop clear criteria against which the compliance 
of an artificial intelligence technology with the framework 
selected pursuant to subparagraph (A) of such paragraph 
may be assessed under such subparagraph, taking into 
consideration— 
(i) similar criteria previously developed by the Sec-
retary; and 
(ii) the identification of potential vulnerabilities 
in systems and infrastructure of the Armed Forces 
that could be exploited by adversarial artificial intel-
ligence applications used by the People’s Republic of 
China, the Russian Federation, or other foreign adver-
saries;
H. R. 2670—442 
(B) take steps to integrate such process across the 
elements of the Department of Defense, including the 
combatant commands; and 
(C) provide information on such process to members 
of the Armed Forces and civilian personnel of the Depart-
ment that are— 
(i) responsible for developing and deploying artifi-
cial intelligence technologies; 
(ii) end users of such technologies, including mem-
bers of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, 
or Space Force who use such technologies in military 
operations; or 
(iii) otherwise determined relevant by the Sec-
retary. 
(c) DEADLINE; BRIEFING.— 
(1) DEADLINE.—The Secretary shall complete the require-
ments under this section by not later than 120 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act. 
(2) BRIEFING.—Not later than 150 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall provide to the 
congressional defense committees a briefing on the implementa-
tion of this section. 
SEC. 1545. STUDY TO ANALYZE VULNERABILITY FOR ARTIFICIAL 
INTELLIGENCE-ENABLED MILITARY APPLICATIONS. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall complete 
a study to assess the functionality of artificial intelligence-enabled 
military applications, research and development needs related to 
such applications, and vulnerabilities to the privacy, security, and 
accuracy of such applications. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study under subsection (a) shall include 
the following: 
(1) An assessment of research and development efforts, 
including transition pathways, needed to advance explainable 
and 
interpretable 
artificial 
intelligence-enabled 
military 
applications, including the capability to assess the architec-
tures, data models, and algorithms underlying such applica-
tions. 
(2) An assessment of any potential risks to the privacy, 
security, or accuracy of the architectures, data models, or algo-
rithms 
underlying 
artificial 
intelligence-enabled 
military 
applications, including the following: 
(A) 
Individual 
foundational 
artificial 
intelligence 
models, including the adequacy of existing testing, training, 
and auditing for such models to ensure such models may 
be properly assessed over time. 
(B) The interactions of multiple artificial intelligence- 
enabled military applications and how such interactions 
may affect the ability to detect and assess new, complex, 
and emergent behavior among individual agents, as well 
as the collective effect of such interactions on risks to 
the privacy, security, and accuracy of such applications 
over time. 
(C) The effect of increased agency in artificial intel-
ligence-enabled 
military 
applications 
and 
how 
such 
increased agency may affect the ability to detect and assess
H. R. 2670—443 
new, complex, and emergent behavior, as well risks to 
the privacy, security, and accuracy of such applications 
over time. 
(3) An assessment of the survivability and traceability of 
decision support systems that are integrated with artificial 
intelligence-enabled military applications and used in a con-
tested environment. 
(4) An identification of existing artificial intelligence 
metrics, developmental, testing and audit capabilities, per-
sonnel, and infrastructure of the Department of Defense, 
including test and evaluation facilities of the Department, 
needed to enable ongoing assessment under paragraphs (1) 
through (3). 
(5) An identification of any research gaps necessary to 
be filled to sufficiently carry out the assessments and identifica-
tions required under paragraphs (1) through (3) that are not 
currently, or not sufficiently, funded within the Department 
of Defense. 
(c) INTERIM BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Chief Digital and Artificial Intel-
ligence Officer shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on the interim findings of the study under subsection 
(a). 
(d) FINAL REPORT.— 
(1) SUBMISSION.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a final report 
on the findings with respect to the study conducted pursuant 
to subsection (a). 
(2) FORM.—The final report under paragraph (1) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex. 
(e) 
FOUNDATIONAL
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
MODEL 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘foundational artificial intel-
ligence model’’ means an adaptive generative model that is trained 
on a broad set of unlabeled data sets that may be used for different 
tasks with minimal fine-tuning. 
Subtitle F—Reports and Other Matters 
SEC. 1551. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR TRAVEL FOR 
OFFICE OF UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR PER-
SONNEL AND READINESS PENDING STRATEGY RELATING 
TO DEFENSE TRAVEL SYSTEM. 
(a) STRATEGY.—The Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel 
and Readiness shall develop a strategy to modernize or replace 
the end-to-end travel management system of the Department of 
Defense known as the ‘‘Defense Travel System’’ (in this section, 
referred to as the ‘‘Defense Travel System’’). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy under subsection (a) shall include 
the following: 
(1) A business case analysis that evaluates options for 
modernizing 
or 
replacing 
the 
Defense 
Travel 
System, 
including—
H. R. 2670—444 
(A) an assessment of the upgradability of the code 
base for the Defense Travel System before such code base 
reaches a point of unsustainability; 
(B) an assessment of commercially available tools that 
may be used to upgrade the capabilities of the Defense 
Travel System; 
(C) an identification of system dependencies of the 
Defense Travel System, with a particular focus on any 
such dependencies with respect to connections with finan-
cial management systems; 
(D) an identification of system weaknesses of the 
Defense Travel System affecting audit readiness; 
(E) projections of usage rates of the Defense Travel 
System necessary to maintain workload and reimburse-
ment rate viability; and 
(F) estimated costs for any activity associated with 
the strategy. 
(2) A plan for the implementation of the strategy, including 
timelines for achieving such implementation. 
(3) An identification of risks to such implementation, 
including potential delays to such timelines. 
(c) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2024 for 
travel for the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel 
and Readiness, not more than 93 percent may be obligated or 
expended until the Chief Information Officer of the Department 
of Defense independently certifies to the Committees on Armed 
Services of the House of Representatives and the Senate that the 
strategy under subsection (a) meets the validated requirements 
of the Department of Defense. 
SEC. 1552. MANAGEMENT BY DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OF MOBILE 
APPLICATIONS. 
(a) IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall evaluate 
and implement to the maximum extent practicable the rec-
ommendations of the Inspector General of the Department of 
Defense with respect to managing mobile applications contained 
in the report set forth by the Inspector General dated February 
9, 2023, and titled ‘‘Management Advisory: The DoD’s Use 
of Mobile Applications’’ (Report No. DODIG–2023–041). 
(2) DEADLINE.—The Secretary shall implement each of the 
recommendations specified in subsection (a) by not later than 
one year after the date of the enactment of this Act unless 
the Secretary submits to the congressional defense committees 
a written notification of any specific recommendation that the 
Secretary declines to implement or plans to implement after 
the date that is one year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act. 
(b) BRIEFING ON REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO COVERED APPLICA-
TIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall provide to 
the congressional defense committees a briefing on actions 
taken by the Secretary to enforce compliance with existing 
policy of the Department of Defense that prohibits—
H. R. 2670—445 
(A) the installation and use of covered applications 
on Federal Government devices; and 
(B) the use of covered applications on the Department 
of Defense Information Network on personal devices. 
(2) COVERED APPLICATIONS DEFINED.—In this subsection, 
the term ‘‘covered applications’’ means the social networking 
service TikTok, or any successor application or service devel-
oped or provided by ByteDance Limited or an entity owned 
by ByteDance Limited. 
SEC. 1553. REPORT ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ENTERPRISE 
CAPABILITIES FOR CYBERSECURITY. 
(a) REPORT.— 
(1) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Chief Information Officer of 
the Department of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees a report on any actions or determinations 
by the Department pertaining to the requirements under sec-
tion 1511 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 2037) taken or made 
for the purpose of using cybersecurity capabilities to protect 
assets and networks across the Department. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report under paragraph (1) shall 
include the following: 
(A) A description of the risks and benefits associated 
with the actions and determinations specified in paragraph 
(1). 
(B) A description of future plans of the Department 
for the acquisition of integrated and interoperable cyberse-
curity tools and applications through a competitive process 
that would allow multiple vendors to compete separately 
and as teams. 
(C) The results of the analysis conducted by the 
Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation of 
the Department of the costs and effectiveness of the cyber-
security capabilities described in paragraph (1). 
(D) The results of any analyses conducted by the 
Director of Operational Test and Evaluation, or the head 
of any other element of the Department, to test the 
effectiveness of the cybersecurity capabilities described in 
paragraph (1) compared to other commercially available 
products and vendors. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment shall provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on the plans of the Department to ensure competition 
and interoperability in the security and identity and access manage-
ment product market segments. 
SEC. 1554. REPORT ON TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION FOR ARMY 
HUMAN RESOURCES COMMAND 2030 TRANSFORMATION 
PLAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Army shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a report on the plan of 
the Army known as the ‘‘Human Resources Command 2030 Trans-
formation Plan’’ that includes—
H. R. 2670—446 
(1) an estimated timeline for the completion of the 
implementation milestones set forth in such plan; and 
(2) an identification of future resource needs relating to 
the modernization of legacy information technology systems. 
(b) LEGACY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘legacy information technology system’’ has 
the meaning given such term in section 1076 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115– 
91; 40 U.S.C. 11301 note). 
SEC. 1555. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT REGARDING CONTRACTING 
FOR MILITARY RECRUITING. 
(a) CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT.—Prior to the Secretary of 
Defense entering into any contract or other agreement (or extending, 
renewing, or otherwise modifying an existing contract or other 
agreement) with an entity for the purpose of that entity placing 
military recruitment advertisements on behalf of the Department 
of Defense, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of such 
contract or agreement, that the entity certify to the Secretary 
that the entity does not place advertisements in news sources 
based on personal or institutional political preferences or biases, 
or determinations of misinformation. 
(b) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
with the Secretaries of the military departments, shall submit 
a notification to the congressional defense committees and 
congressional leadership each time the Department of Defense 
enters into a contract related to the placement of recruitment 
advertising with an entity specified in paragraph (2) and if 
such entities are used how they are used. 
(2) ENTITIES SPECIFIED.—The entities specified in this para-
graph are— 
(A) NewsGuard Technologies Inc.; 
(B) the Global Disinformation Index, incorporated in 
the United Kingdom as ‘‘Disinformation Index LTD’’; and 
(C) any similar entity. 
(c) SUNSET.—The requirement under this section shall termi-
nate on the date that is one year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act. 
TITLE XVI—SPACE ACTIVITIES, STRA-
TEGIC 
PROGRAMS, 
AND 
INTEL-
LIGENCE MATTERS 
Subtitle A—Space Activities 
Sec. 1601. Delegation of certain authority of explosive safety board. 
Sec. 1602. Classification review of space major defense acquisition programs. 
Sec. 1603. Enhanced authority to increase space launch capacity through space 
launch support services. 
Sec. 1604. Principal Military Deputy for Space Acquisition and Integration. 
Sec. 1605. Modification to updates of space policy review. 
Sec. 1606. Authorization for establishment of the National Space Intelligence Cen-
ter as a field operating agency. 
Sec. 1607. Initial operational capability for Advanced Tracking and Launch Anal-
ysis System and requirements for system-level review. 
Sec. 1608. Use of middle tier acquisition program for proliferated warfighter space 
architecture of the Space Development Agency. 
Sec. 1609. Process and plan for Space Force space situational awareness.
H. R. 2670—447 
Sec. 1610. Plan to improve threat-sharing arrangements with commercial space op-
erators. 
Sec. 1611. Plan for an integrated and resilient satellite communications architec-
ture for the Space Force. 
Subtitle B—Defense Intelligence and Intelligence-Related Activities 
Sec. 1621. Military intelligence collection and analysis partnerships. 
Subtitle C—Nuclear Forces 
Sec. 1631. Establishment of major force program for nuclear command, control, and 
communications programs. 
Sec. 1632. Technical amendment to additional report matters on strategic delivery 
systems. 
Sec. 1633. Amendment to annual report on the plan for the nuclear weapons stock-
pile, nuclear weapons complex, nuclear weapons delivery systems, and 
nuclear weapons command and control systems. 
Sec. 1634. Matters relating to the acquisition and deployment of the Sentinel inter-
continental ballistic missile weapon system. 
Sec. 1635. Tasking and oversight authority with respect to intercontinental ballistic 
missile site activation task force for Sentinel Program. 
Sec. 1636. Study of weapons programs that allow Armed Forces to address hard 
and deeply buried targets. 
Sec. 1637. Repeal of requirement for review of nuclear deterrence postures. 
Sec. 1638.
Retention of capability to redeploy multiple independently targetable re-
entry vehicles. 
Sec. 1639. Authorization to establish technology transition program for strategic 
nuclear deterrence. 
Sec. 1640. Matters relating to the nuclear-armed, sea-launched cruise missile. 
Sec. 1641. Requirements relating to operational silos for the Sentinel interconti-
nental ballistic missile. 
Sec. 1642. Long-term sustainment of Sentinel ICBM guidance system. 
Sec. 1643. Integrated master schedule for the Sentinel missile program of the Air 
Force. 
Sec. 1644. Operational timeline for Strategic Automated Command and Control 
System. 
Sec. 1645. Pilot program on development of reentry vehicles and related systems. 
Sec. 1646. Prohibition on reduction of the intercontinental ballistic missiles of the 
United States. 
Sec. 1647.
Limitation on availability of funds pending compliance with information 
requests from the Government Accountability Office. 
Sec. 1648. Congressional notification of decision to delay strategic delivery system 
test event. 
Sec. 1649. Congressional notification of nuclear cooperation between Russia and 
China. 
Sec. 1650. Plan for decreasing the time to upload additional warheads to the inter-
continental ballistic missile fleet. 
Subtitle D—Missile Defense Programs 
Sec. 1661. Deputy Director of Office of Missile Defense Agency. 
Sec. 1662. Modification of program accountability matrices requirements for next 
generation interceptors for missile defense. 
Sec. 1663. National missile defense policy. 
Sec. 1664. Modification of requirement for Comptroller General to review and as-
sess missile defense acquisition programs. 
Sec. 1665. Iron Dome short-range rocket defense system and Israeli cooperative 
missile defense program co-development and co-production. 
Sec. 1666. Programs to achieve initial and full operational capabilities for the Glide 
Phase Interceptor program. 
Sec. 1667. Rescission of memorandum on missile defense governance. 
Sec. 1668. Limitation on availability of funds for Office of Cost Assessment and 
Program Evaluation until submission of report on missile defense roles 
and responsibilities. 
Sec. 1669. Strategy for integrated air and missile defense of Hawaii and the Indo- 
Pacific region. 
Sec. 1670. Report on potential enhancements to integrated air and missile defense 
capabilities in Europe. 
Sec. 1671. Independent analysis of space-based missile defense capability. 
Subtitle E—Other Matters 
Sec. 1681. Extension of authorization for protection of certain facilities and assets 
from unmanned aircraft.
H. R. 2670—448 
Sec. 1682. Electromagnetic warfare. 
Sec. 1683. Cooperative threat reduction funds. 
Sec. 1684. Matters relating to space-based ground and airborne moving target indi-
cation systems. 
Sec. 1685. Positioning, navigation, and timing. 
Sec. 1686. Actions to address serious deficiencies in electronic protection of systems 
that operate in the radio frequency spectrum. 
Sec. 1687. Limitation on use of funds for certain unreported programs. 
Sec. 1688. Indo-Pacific missile strategy. 
Sec. 1689. Study on the future of the Integrated Tactical Warning Attack Assess-
ment System. 
Sec. 1690. Research and analysis on multipolar deterrence and escalation dynam-
ics. 
Subtitle A—Space Activities 
SEC. 1601. DELEGATION OF CERTAIN AUTHORITY OF EXPLOSIVE 
SAFETY BOARD. 
(a) DELEGATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES.—Section 172 of title 10, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘The chair’’ and inserting 
‘‘Except as provided in subsection (h), the chair’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(h) EXPLOSIVES USED BY SPACE LAUNCH VEHICLES.—(1) The 
Secretary of Defense shall delegate to the Secretary of the Air 
Force, who may further delegate to the Commanders of the Space 
Launch Deltas, the responsibilities under subsection (c) with respect 
to explosives used by space launch vehicles. 
‘‘(2) In this subsection, the term ‘launch vehicle’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 50902(11) of title 51.’’. 
(b) IMPROVED PROCESS FOR YIELD DETERMINATION.—Not later 
than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, and the 
Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion shall jointly establish a process through which scientifically- 
valid yield determinations can be assessed for space launch vehicles 
while in flight. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the completion of 
the LOX-Methane Assessment working group process, the Secretary 
of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, and the Administrator 
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes 
a description of the effects of the LOX-Methane Assessment on 
existing and future maximum credible event analyses and any 
resulting effects on commercial space launch, civil space activities, 
and national security. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means 
the following: 
(A) The congressional defense committees. 
(B) The Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate. 
(C) The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
of the House of Representatives. 
(D) The Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc-
ture of the House of Representatives. 
(2) The term ‘‘LOX-Methane Assessment working group’’ 
means the ongoing interagency working group studying the 
explosive characteristics of liquid oxygen and methane and
H. R. 2670—449 
comprised of representatives from the Department of Defense, 
the Department of Transportation, and the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration. 
(3) The term ‘‘launch vehicle’’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 50902(11) of title 51, United States Code. 
SEC. 1602. CLASSIFICATION REVIEW OF SPACE MAJOR DEFENSE 
ACQUISITION PROGRAMS. 
Chapter 135 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after section 2275a the following new section: 
‘‘§ 2275b. Requirements for appropriate classification guid-
ance. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Before a space major defense acquisition 
program achieves Milestone B approval, or equivalent, the milestone 
decision authority shall determine whether the classification guid-
ance for the program remains appropriate and— 
‘‘(1) if such guidance is determined to be appropriate, 
submit to the congressional defense committees a certification 
of such determination; or 
‘‘(2) if such guidance is determined to be inappropriate, 
initiate an update to such guidance. 
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘Milestone B approval’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 4172(e)(7) of this title. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘major defense acquisition program’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 4201 of this title. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘space major defense acquisition program’ 
means a major defense acquisition program for the acquisition 
of a satellite, ground system, or command and control system.’’. 
SEC. 1603. ENHANCED AUTHORITY TO INCREASE SPACE LAUNCH 
CAPACITY THROUGH SPACE LAUNCH SUPPORT SERVICES. 
Chapter 135 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after section 2276 the following new section: 
‘‘§ 2276a. Special authority for provision of space launch sup-
port services to increase space launch capacity 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of a military department may 
support Federal and commercial space launch capacity on any 
domestic real property under the control of the Secretary through 
the provision of space launch support services. 
‘‘(b) PROVISION
OF
LAUNCH
EQUIPMENT
AND
SERVICES
TO 
COMMERCIAL ENTITIES.— 
‘‘(1) CONTRACT OR OTHER TRANSACTION AUTHORITY.—The 
Secretary of a military department may enter into a contract 
or other transaction with one or more commercial entities that 
intend to conduct space launch activities on a military installa-
tion under the jurisdiction of the Secretary. Under such a 
contract or agreement, the Secretary may agree to provide 
to the commercial entity supplies, services, equipment, and 
construction needed for commercial space launch. 
‘‘(2) COSTS.— 
‘‘(A) DIRECT
COSTS.—If the Secretary of a military 
department enters into a contract or other transaction with 
a commercial entity under paragraph (1), such contract 
or transaction shall include a provision that requires the 
commercial entity to reimburse the Department of Defense
H. R. 2670—450 
for all direct costs to the United States that are associated 
with any good, service, or equipment provided to the 
commercial entity under the contract or other transaction. 
‘‘(B) INDIRECT COSTS.—If the Secretary of a military 
department enters into a contract or other transaction with 
a commercial entity under paragraph (1), such contract 
or transaction may include a provision that requires the 
commercial entity to reimburse the Department of Defense 
for such indirect costs as the Secretary considers to be 
appropriate. In such a case, such contract or other trans-
action may provide for the reimbursement of such indirect 
costs through the establishment of a rate, fixed price, or 
similar mechanism the Secretary concerned determines is 
reasonable. 
‘‘(3) RETENTION OF FUNDS COLLECTED FROM COMMERCIAL 
USERS.—Any amount collected from a commercial entity as 
a reimbursement under paragraph (2) shall be credited to the 
appropriations account from which the cost for which such 
reimbursement is provided was derived. 
‘‘(4) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary of each of the military 
departments shall prescribe regulations to carry out this sub-
section. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) SPACE LAUNCH.—The term ‘space launch’ includes all 
activities, supplies, equipment, facilities, or services supporting 
launch preparation, launch, reentry, recovery, and other launch- 
related activities for both the payload and the space transpor-
tation vehicle. 
‘‘(2) COMMERCIAL
ENTITY.—The term ‘commercial entity’ 
or ‘commercial’ means a non-Federal entity organized under 
the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within 
the United States. 
‘‘(d) TRANSITION LIMITATIONS AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
For each of fiscal years 2024, 2025, and 2026, the Secretary of 
a military department shall— 
‘‘(1) with respect to any contract or other transaction 
authority entered into pursuant to subsection (b), limit the 
amount of the indirect costs that are reimbursable under para-
graph (2)(B) of such subsection to not more than 30 percent, 
not to exceed $5,000,000 annually (based on fiscal year 2024 
constant dollars), of the total amount of the direct costs 
reimbursable under paragraph (2)(A) of such subsection; and 
‘‘(2) not later than 90 days after the last day of each 
such fiscal year, provide for each of the congressional defense 
committees a briefing that includes— 
‘‘(A) an identification of the total amounts of direct 
and indirect costs reimbursed to each spaceport for the 
fiscal year covered by the report; 
‘‘(B) a description of the support provided by 
reimbursed indirect costs for the fiscal year covered by 
the report; and 
‘‘(C) an identification of the rate, fixed price, or similar 
mechanism, if any, used to calculate the amount of the 
indirect costs that are reimbursable for the fiscal year 
following the fiscal year covered by the report.’’.
H. R. 2670—451 
SEC. 1604. PRINCIPAL MILITARY DEPUTY FOR SPACE ACQUISITION 
AND INTEGRATION. 
Section 9016(b)(6) of title 10, United States Code, is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(C) The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space 
Acquisition and Integration shall have a Principal Military 
Deputy for Space Acquisition and Integration, who shall be 
an officer of the Space Force on active duty. The Principal 
Military Deputy for Space Acquisition and Integration shall 
be appointed from among officers who have significant experi-
ence in the areas of acquisition and program management. 
The position of Principal Military Deputy for Space Acquisition 
and Integration shall be designated as a critical acquisition 
position under section 1731 of this title. In the event of a 
vacancy in the position of Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration, the Principal Military 
Deputy for Space Acquisition and Integration may serve as 
Acting Assistant Secretary for Space Acquisition and Integra-
tion for a period of not more than one year.’’. 
SEC. 1605. MODIFICATION TO UPDATES OF SPACE POLICY REVIEW. 
Paragraph (2) of section 1611(c) of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 
Stat. 2082) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(2) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall provide for updates 
to the assessments, analyses, and evaluations carried out pursu-
ant to such review. The Secretary shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees a report on any such updates 
concurrently with the National Defense Strategy required to 
be submitted to Congress under section 113(g) of title 10, United 
States Code.’’. 
SEC. 1606. AUTHORIZATION FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL 
SPACE INTELLIGENCE CENTER AS A FIELD OPERATING 
AGENCY. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—The Secretary of the Air Force may estab-
lish the National Space Intelligence Center as a field operating 
agency of the Space Force to analyze and produce scientific and 
technical intelligence on space-based and counterspace threats from 
foreign adversaries. 
(b) COLOCATION.—If the Secretary of the Air Force decides 
to establish the National Space Intelligence Center as a field oper-
ating agency, the Secretary shall consider the operational and geo-
graphical benefits provided by colocating with the National Air 
and Space Intelligence Center. 
SEC. 
1607. 
INITIAL 
OPERATIONAL 
CAPABILITY 
FOR 
ADVANCED 
TRACKING 
AND 
LAUNCH 
ANALYSIS 
SYSTEM 
AND 
REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEM-LEVEL REVIEW. 
(a) ADVANCED TRACKING AND LAUNCH ANALYSIS SYSTEM.— 
(1) DATE FOR INITIAL OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY.—Not later 
than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of the Air Force shall— 
(A) designate a date on which the Advanced Tracking 
and Launch Analysis System (commonly referred to as 
‘‘ATLAS’’) is expected to achieve initial operational capa-
bility; and
H. R. 2670—452 
(B) notify the congressional defense committees of such 
date. 
(2) EFFECT OF FAILURE TO TIMELY DELIVER.—If the initial 
operational capability for the Advanced Tracking and Launch 
Analysis System is not achieved by the date designated under 
paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall— 
(A) terminate the Advanced Tracking and Launch 
Analysis System program; 
(B) designate an alternative program option that pro-
vides a comparable capability to the capability intended 
to be provided by the Advanced Tracking and Launch Anal-
ysis System; and 
(C) not later than 30 days after such date, notify the 
congressional defense committees with respect to— 
(i) such termination; 
(ii) the designated alternative program option; 
(iii) the justification for selecting such option; and 
(iv) the estimated time and total costs to comple-
tion of such option. 
(b) SYSTEM-LEVEL REVIEW.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force shall 
seek to enter into a contract with a federally funded research 
and development center under which the center shall, not less 
frequently than every 2 years during the period from 2024 
through 2032, conduct a review of the space command and 
control software acquisition program to assess the ability of 
such program to build a software framework that integrates 
multiple aspects of space operations to enable the warfighter 
to command and control space assets in a time of conflict. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each review under paragraph (1) shall— 
(A) evaluate whether and to what extent the software 
framework described in such paragraph integrates— 
(i) sensor data applicable to the command and 
control of space assets; 
(ii) information contained in the Unified Data 
Library relating to the number and location of space 
objects; and 
(iii) the ability to control space assets based on 
such data and information; and 
(B) address such other matters as the Secretary of 
the Air Force considers necessary. 
(3) BRIEFING.—Not later than 30 days after the conclusion 
of each review under paragraph (1), the Secretary of the Air 
Force shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on the findings of the review, including— 
(A) an assessment of any deficiency identified in the 
review; and 
(B) a plan to address such deficiency in a timely 
manner. 
SEC. 1608. USE OF MIDDLE TIER ACQUISITION PROGRAM FOR PRO-
LIFERATED WARFIGHTER SPACE ARCHITECTURE OF THE 
SPACE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Space Development 
Agency shall use a middle tier acquisition program for the rapid 
fielding of satellites and associated systems for each of the following
H. R. 2670—453 
tranches of the of the proliferated warfighter space architecture 
of the Agency: 
(1) Tranch 1. 
(2) Tranch 2. 
(3) Tranch 3. 
(b) RAPID PROTOTYPING AND FIELDING.—Any tranche of sat-
ellites or associated systems developed and fielded under subsection 
(a) shall have a level of maturity that allows such satellites or 
systems to be rapidly prototyped within an acquisition program 
or rapidly fielded within five years of the development of an 
approved requirement for such satellites or systems. 
(c) DESIGNATION AS MAJOR CAPABILITY ACQUISITION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment may designate a tranche described 
in subsection (a) as a major capability acquisition program 
consistent with Department of Defense Instruction 5000.85, 
titled ‘‘Major Capability Acquisition’’ and issued on August 
6, 2020 (or a successor instruction). 
(2) NOTICE TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days before 
the date on which a designation under paragraph (1) is made, 
the 
Under 
Secretary 
of 
Defense 
for 
Acquisition 
and 
Sustainment shall notify the congressional defense committees 
of the intent of the Under Secretary to make such designation 
and include with such notice a justification for such designation. 
(d) SPACE ACQUISITION COUNCIL REVIEW AND WAIVER.— 
(1) REVIEW.—In accordance with section 9021 of title 10, 
United States Code, the Space Acquisition Council shall review 
each tranch described subsection (a) to ensure integration 
across the national security space enterprise. 
(2) WAIVER.—The Space Acquisition Council may waive 
the requirements of subsection (a) with respect to a tranch 
or portion of a tranch described in such subsection if the 
Council— 
(A) on the basis of the review conducted under para-
graph (1), determines that the use of a middle tier acquisi-
tion program is not warranted for such tranch or portion 
thereof; and 
(B) not later than 14 days after making such deter-
mination, submits to the congressional defense committees 
notice of the intent of the Council to issue such a waiver. 
(e) MIDDLE TIER ACQUISITION PROGRAM DEFINED.—In this sec-
tion, the term ‘‘middle tier acquisition program’’ means an acquisi-
tion program or project that is carried out using the rapid fielding 
or rapid prototyping acquisition pathway under section 804 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public 
Law 114–92; 10 U.S.C. 3201 note prec.) in a manner consistent 
with Department of Defense Instruction 5000.80, titled ‘‘Operation 
of the Middle Tier of Acquisition (MTA)’’ and issued on December 
30, 2019 (or a successor instruction). 
SEC. 1609. PROCESS AND PLAN FOR SPACE FORCE SPACE SITUA-
TIONAL AWARENESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration, in consultation with Chief 
of Space Operations, shall— 
(1) establish a process to regularly identify and evaluate 
commercial space situational awareness capabilities, including
H. R. 2670—454 
the extent to which commercial space situational awareness 
data could meet needs of the Space Force with respect to 
maintaining situational awareness in space; and 
(2) develop and implement a plan to integrate the unified 
data library into the operational systems of the Space Force, 
including operational systems for space situational awareness 
and space command and control missions. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report that includes a description of 
the process and plan developed under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1610. PLAN TO IMPROVE THREAT-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS WITH 
COMMERCIAL SPACE OPERATORS. 
(a) PLAN
FOR THREAT SHARING WITH COMMERCIAL SPACE 
OPERATORS.—The Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space 
Acquisition and Integration, in consultation with the Commander 
of the United States Space Command, shall develop and implement 
a plan to expand threat-sharing arrangements with commercial 
space operators that are under contract with the Department of 
Defense as of the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration, in coordination with the 
Commander of the United States Space Command, shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a report on the plan 
required under subsection (a). 
SEC. 1611. PLAN FOR AN INTEGRATED AND RESILIENT SATELLITE 
COMMUNICATIONS 
ARCHITECTURE 
FOR 
THE 
SPACE 
FORCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force, in coordina-
tion with the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space Acquisi-
tion and Integration and the Chief of Space Operations, shall— 
(1) as part of the force design process for the Space Force, 
consider options for the integration of resilient military tactical 
satellite communications capabilities; 
(2) develop a plan for the integration of such capabilities 
into the Space Force, as required under subsection (b); and 
(3) ensure that a geostationary small satellite communica-
tions constellation is evaluated for inclusion as a component 
of the space data transport force design of the Space Force 
through, at a minimum, the end of fiscal year 2027. 
(b) PLAN FOR INTEGRATION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force, in 
coordination with the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Space Acquisition and Integration and the Chief of Space 
Operations, shall develop a plan for an integrated and resilient 
satellite communications architecture for the Space Force. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The plan under paragraph (1) shall 
include, at a minimum, options for— 
(A) leveraging commercially available geostationary 
small satellite communications technology developed and 
produced in the United States; 
(B) ensuring sufficient funding for such an integration; 
(C) including the unique requirements for small sat-
ellite 
communications 
constellations 
throughout 
the
H. R. 2670—455 
acquisition and deployment period, including support for 
global X-band coverage and support for secure communica-
tions waveforms using on-board digital processing; and 
(D) potential integration of such geostationary small 
satellite communications capability into the enterprise sat-
ellite communications management and control (commonly 
known as ‘‘ESC–MC’’) implementation plan of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(3) BRIEFING.—Not later than the date specified in para-
graph (4), than the Secretary of the Air Force shall provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing on the plan 
developed under paragraph (1). 
(4) DATE SPECIFIED.—The date specified in this subsection 
is the earlier of— 
(A) July 1, 2024; or 
(B) the date on which the Secretary of the Air Force 
completes the space data transport force design for the 
Space Force. 
Subtitle B—Defense Intelligence and 
Intelligence-Related Activities 
SEC. 1621. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS 
PARTNERSHIPS. 
(a) USE OF FUNDS OTHER THAN APPROPRIATED FUNDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), the Director 
of the Defense Intelligence Agency, in coordination with the 
Director of National Intelligence, may accept and expend funds 
from one or more foreign partners for the foreign partner (or 
partners, as the case may be) to share with the Defense Intel-
ligence Agency the expenses of joint and combined military 
intelligence collection and analysis activities. 
(2) LIMITATIONS.— 
(A) PREVIOUSLY DENIED FUNDS.—Funds accepted under 
this section may not be expended, in whole or in part, 
by or for the benefit of the Defense Intelligence Agency 
for any purpose for which Congress has previously denied 
funds. 
(B) JOINT BENEFIT.—The authority under paragraph 
(1) may not be used to acquire items or services for the 
sole benefit of the United States. 
(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1, 2025, and 
annually thereafter for four years, the Director of the Defense 
Intelligence Agency shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report on any funds accepted or expended under 
this section during the preceding calendar year, including an identi-
fication of the foreign partner or partners involved and a description 
of the purpose of such funds. 
(c) TERMINATION.—The authority to accept and expend funds 
from a foreign partner pursuant to this section shall terminate 
on December 31, 2028. 
(d) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means—
H. R. 2670—456 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of 
the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives. 
Subtitle C—Nuclear Forces 
SEC. 1631. ESTABLISHMENT OF MAJOR FORCE PROGRAM FOR 
NUCLEAR COMMAND, CONTROL, AND COMMUNICATIONS 
PROGRAMS. 
Chapter 9 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘§ 239e. Nuclear command, control, and communications: 
major force program and budget assessment 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT
OF MAJOR FORCE PROGRAM.—The Sec-
retary of Defense shall establish a unified major force program 
for nuclear command, control, and communications programs pursu-
ant to section 222(b) of this title to prioritize such programs in 
accordance with the requirements of the Department of Defense 
and national security. 
‘‘(b) BUDGET ASSESSMENT.—(1) The Secretary shall include with 
the defense budget materials for each of fiscal years 2025 through 
2030 a report on the budget for nuclear command, control, and 
communications programs of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(2) Each report on the budget for nuclear command, control, 
and communications programs of the Department under paragraph 
(1) shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) An overview of the budget, including— 
‘‘(i) a comparison between that budget, the previous 
budget, the most recent and prior future-years defense 
program submitted to Congress under section 221 of this 
title (such comparison shall exclude the responsibility for 
research and development of the continuing improvement 
of such nuclear command, control, and communications 
program), and the amounts appropriated for such nuclear 
command, control, and communications programs during 
the previous fiscal year; and 
‘‘(ii) the specific identification, as a budgetary line item, 
for the funding under such programs. 
‘‘(B) An assessment of the budget, including significant 
changes, priorities, challenges, and risks. 
‘‘(C) Any additional matters the Secretary determines 
appropriate. 
‘‘(3) Each report under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in 
unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘budget’, with respect to a fiscal year, means 
the budget for that fiscal year that is submitted to Congress 
by the President under section 1105(a) of title 31. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘defense budget materials’, with respect to 
a fiscal year, means the materials submitted to Congress by 
the Secretary of Defense in support of the budget for that 
fiscal year.
H. R. 2670—457 
‘‘(3) The term ‘nuclear command, control, and communica-
tions programs’ means programs through which presidential 
authority and operational command and control of nuclear 
weapons is conducted, including programs that facilitate senior- 
level decisions on nuclear weapons employment.’’. 
SEC. 1632. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT TO ADDITIONAL REPORT MAT-
TERS ON STRATEGIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS. 
Section 495(b) of title 10, United States Code, is amended 
in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— 
(1) by striking ‘‘before fiscal year 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘prior 
to the expiration of the Treaty between the United States 
of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the 
Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, 
signed on April 8, 2010, and entered into force on February 
5, 2011 (commonly referred to as the ‘New START Treaty’),’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘1043 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2012’’ and inserting ‘‘492(a) of this title’’. 
SEC. 1633. AMENDMENT TO ANNUAL REPORT ON THE PLAN FOR THE 
NUCLEAR WEAPONS STOCKPILE, NUCLEAR WEAPONS 
COMPLEX, NUCLEAR WEAPONS DELIVERY SYSTEMS, AND 
NUCLEAR WEAPONS COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS. 
Section 492a of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(d) INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT BY UNITED STATES STRATEGIC 
COMMAND.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 150 days after the submis-
sion to Congress of the budget of the President under section 
1105(a) of title 31, for each fiscal year the Commander of 
United States Strategic Command shall complete an inde-
pendent assessment of any operational effects of the sufficiency 
of the execution, as of the date of the assessment, of the 
acquisition, construction, and recapitalization programs of the 
Department of Defense and the National Nuclear Security 
Administration to modernize the nuclear forces of the United 
States and meet current and future deterrence requirements. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—Each assessment required under para-
graph (1) shall include an evaluation of the ongoing execution 
of modernization programs associated with— 
‘‘(A) the nuclear weapons design, production, and 
sustainment infrastructure; 
‘‘(B) the nuclear weapons stockpile; 
‘‘(C) the delivery systems for nuclear weapons; and 
‘‘(D) the nuclear command, control, and communica-
tions system. 
‘‘(3) ROUTING AND SUBMISSION.— 
‘‘(A) SUBMISSION TO NUCLEAR WEAPONS COUNCIL.—Not 
later than 15 days after completion of an assessment 
required by paragraph (1), the Commander of United States 
Strategic Command shall— 
‘‘(i) submit the assessment to the Chairman of 
the Nuclear Weapons Council; and 
‘‘(ii) notify the congressional defense committees 
that the assessment has been submitted to the Chair-
man of the Nuclear Weapons Council.
H. R. 2670—458 
‘‘(B) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 15 days 
after the Chairman of the Nuclear Weapons Council 
receives an assessment required by paragraph (1), the 
Chairman shall transmit the assessment, without change, 
to the congressional defense committees.’’. 
SEC. 1634. MATTERS RELATING TO THE ACQUISITION AND DEPLOY-
MENT OF THE SENTINEL INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC 
MISSILE WEAPON SYSTEM. 
(a) MODIFICATIONS TO THE INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MIS-
SILE SITE ACTIVATION TASK FORCE.—Section 1638 of the James 
M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 
(Public Law 117–263) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting ‘‘, who shall report 
directly to the Commander of Air Force Global Strike Com-
mand’’ after ‘‘Modernization’’; and 
(2) by striking subsection (d)(1) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(1) WEAPON SYSTEM.—For purposes of nomenclature and 
acquisition life cycle activities ranging from development 
through sustainment and demilitarization, each wing level 
configuration of the LGM–35A Sentinel intercontinental bal-
listic missile shall be a weapon system.’’. 
(b) ASSESSMENT
FOR
NEEDED
OR
MODIFIED
ACQUISITION 
AUTHORITIES.— 
(1) ASSESSMENT REQUIRED.—The Secretary of the Air Force 
shall conduct an assessment of the Sentinel weapon system 
program to determine if any existing, modified, or new acquisi-
tion authorities could be used in future years to— 
(A) ensure the program meets current timelines; or 
(B) ensure the defense industrial base can adequately 
plan for and deliver components, subsystems, and systems 
in accordance with the integrated master schedule. 
(2) MULTI-YEAR PROCUREMENT AUTHORITY.—In conducting 
the assessment required under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall evaluate the potential need for multi-year procurement 
authority. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a report on 
the findings of the assessment required under paragraph (1). 
The report shall include— 
(A) an identification of all authorities covered by the 
assessment; 
(B) a determination of the effect of each such authority 
on the successful delivery of initial- and full-operational 
capability to the Sentinel weapon system program; and 
(C) in the case of any new authority, an identification 
of the year during which the authority should be granted. 
SEC. 1635. TASKING AND OVERSIGHT AUTHORITY WITH RESPECT TO 
INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILE SITE ACTIVA-
TION TASK FORCE FOR SENTINEL PROGRAM. 
Section 1638 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 136 
Stat. 2941), as amended by section 1634, is further amended by— 
(1) redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and 
(2) inserting after subsection (d), the following new sub-
section (e):
H. R. 2670—459 
‘‘(e) DELEGATION
OF AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall— 
‘‘(1) not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, 
delegate to the Commander of the Air Force Global Strike 
Command such tasking and oversight authorities as the Sec-
retary considers necessary with respect to other components 
of the Department of Defense participating in the Task Force; 
and 
‘‘(2) not later than 30 days after the date of such delegation 
of authority, notify the congressional defense committees of 
the delegation.’’. 
SEC. 1636. STUDY OF WEAPONS PROGRAMS THAT ALLOW ARMED 
FORCES TO ADDRESS HARD AND DEEPLY BURIED TAR-
GETS. 
Section 1674 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (e), by inserting ‘‘or fiscal year 2024’’ 
after ‘‘2023’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(g) AUTHORIZATION.—For fiscal year 2024, the Secretary of 
Energy may carry out activities related to the development and 
modification of a nuclear weapon to provide near-term capabilities 
that address portions of the strategy required by subsection (b)(3) 
using amounts authorized and appropriated for the sustainment 
of the B83-1 nuclear gravity bomb.’’. 
SEC. 1637. REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT FOR REVIEW OF NUCLEAR 
DETERRENCE POSTURES. 
Section 1753 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 133 Stat. 1852) is repealed. 
SEC. 1638. RETENTION OF CAPABILITY TO REDEPLOY MULTIPLE 
INDEPENDENTLY TARGETABLE REENTRY VEHICLES. 
Section 1057 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2014 (Public Law 113–66; 10 U.S.C. 495 note) is 
amended by inserting ‘‘and Sentinel’’ after ‘‘Minuteman III’’ both 
places it appears. 
SEC. 1639. AUTHORIZATION TO ESTABLISH TECHNOLOGY TRANSITION 
PROGRAM FOR STRATEGIC NUCLEAR DETERRENCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Commander of Air Force Global Strike 
Command may, through the use of a partnership intermediary, 
establish a program— 
(1) to carry out technology transition, digital engineering 
projects, and other innovation activities supporting the Air 
Force nuclear enterprise; and 
(2) to identify capabilities for the Air Force nuclear enter-
prise that have the potential to generate life-cycle cost savings 
and provide data-driven approaches to resource allocation. 
(b) TERMINATION.—The program established under subsection 
(a) shall terminate on September 30, 2029. 
(c) PARTNERSHIP INTERMEDIARY DEFINED.—In this section, term 
‘‘partnership intermediary’’ has the meaning given that term in 
section 23(c) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3715(c)).
H. R. 2670—460 
SEC. 1640. MATTERS RELATING TO THE NUCLEAR-ARMED, SEA- 
LAUNCHED CRUISE MISSILE. 
(a) PROGRAM TREATMENT.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment, shall— 
(1) establish a program for the development of a nuclear- 
armed, sea-launched cruise missile capability; 
(2) designate such program as a major defense acquisition 
program (as defined in section 4201 of title 10, United States 
Code) for which the milestone decision authority (as defined 
in section 4251 of such title) is the Under Secretary of Defense 
for Acquisition and Sustainment; 
(3) initiate a nuclear weapon project for the W80–4 ALT 
warhead, at phase 6.2 of the phase 6.X process (relating to 
feasibility study and down select), to adapt such warhead for 
use with the capability described in paragraph (1); 
(4) submit to the National Nuclear Security Administration 
a formal request, through the Nuclear Weapons Council, 
requesting that the Administration participate in and support 
the W80–4 ALT warhead project described in paragraph (3); 
and 
(5) designate the Department of the Navy as the military 
department to lead the W80–4 ALT nuclear weapon project 
for the Department of Defense. 
(b) INITIAL
OPERATIONAL
CAPABILITY.—The Secretary of 
Defense and the Administrator for Nuclear Security shall take 
such actions as are necessary to ensure the program and project 
described subsection (a) achieve initial operational capability, as 
defined jointly by the Secretary of the Navy and the Commander 
of the United States Strategic Command, by not later than Sep-
tember 30, 2034. 
(c) LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY TO APPROVE PRODUCTION.—The 
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment may 
not approve a Full Rate Production Decision or authorize Full 
Scale Production (as those terms are defined in the memorandum 
of the Nuclear Weapons Council titled ‘‘Procedural Guidelines for 
the Phase 6.X Process’’ and dated April 19, 2000) for the W80– 
4 ALT project until authorized by Congress. 
(d) BRIEFING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than January 15, 2024, and 
not later than each March 1 and September 1 thereafter, the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, 
the Secretary of the Navy, the Administrator for Nuclear Secu-
rity, and the Commander of the United States Strategic Com-
mand shall jointly provide to the congressional defense commit-
tees a briefing on the progress of the program and project 
described in subsection (a). 
(2) CONTENTS.—Each briefing required under paragraph 
(1) shall include— 
(A) a description of significant achievements of the 
program and project completed during the period specified 
in paragraph (3) and any planned objectives that were 
not achieved during such period; 
(B) for the 180-day period following the briefing— 
(i) planned objectives for the program and project; 
and
H. R. 2670—461 
(ii) anticipated spending plans for the program 
and project; 
(C) a description of any notable technical hurdles that 
could impede timely completion of the program and project; 
and 
(D) any other information the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment considers appro-
priate. 
(3) PERIOD SPECIFIED.—The period specified in this para-
graph is— 
(A) in the case of the first briefing required by para-
graph (1), the 180-day period preceding the briefing; and 
(B) in the case of any subsequent such briefing, the 
period since the previous such briefing. 
(4) TERMINATION.—The requirement to provide briefings 
under paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that the pro-
gram and project described subsection (a) achieve initial oper-
ational capability, as defined jointly by the Secretary of the 
Navy and the Commander of the United States Strategic Com-
mand. 
(e) ASSESSMENT AND REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Navy shall complete 
an assessment, in response to the courses of action developed 
by the Joint Staff in response to the report of the Secretary 
of Defense under subsection 1642(a) of the James M. Inhofe 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public 
Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2945), of the actions required to effec-
tively deploy a nuclear sea-launched cruise missile from a Vir-
ginia class submarine and such other platforms as the Secretary 
determines appropriate. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The assessment under paragraph (1) shall 
address the following: 
(A) Any hardware, software, manning, or certification 
modifications to platforms that are required to accommo-
date the nuclear sea-launched cruise missile on such plat-
forms. 
(B) Any required modifications to port facilities that 
would host platforms carrying the nuclear sea-launched 
cruise missile, including any modifications relating to phys-
ical security and monitoring. 
(C) Effects on manning associated with the handling, 
storage, and operations of nuclear sea-launched cruise mis-
siles at affected facilities of the Navy. 
(D) Funding and schedule estimates to complete any 
actions identified under subparagraphs (A) through (C). 
(3) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Navy 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
on the results of the assessment conducted under paragraph 
(1), including the results of the assessment with respect to 
each element specified in paragraph (2). 
(f) LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS PENDING SUBMITTAL 
OF REPORT.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this 
Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2024 for the Depart-
ment of the Navy, and available for the Office of the Secretary 
of the Navy for the travel of persons, not more than 90 percent 
may be obligated or expended until the date on which the final
H. R. 2670—462 
report required under section 1642(b)(2) of the James M. Inhofe 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public 
Law 117–263; 136 Stat. 2945) has been submitted to the congres-
sional defense committees. 
(g) PHASE 6.X PROCESS DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘phase 6.X process’’ means the phase 6.X process for major stockpile 
sustainment activities set forth in the memorandum of the Nuclear 
Weapons Council titled ‘‘Procedural Guidelines for the Phase 6.X 
Process’’ and dated April 19, 2000. 
SEC. 1641. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO OPERATIONAL SILOS FOR 
THE SENTINEL INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILE. 
The Secretary of the Air Force shall refurbish and make oper-
able not fewer than 150 silos for the LGM–35A Sentinel interconti-
nental ballistic missile at each of the following locations: 
(1) Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Laramie County, 
Wyoming. 
(2) Malmstrom Air Force Base, Cascade County, Montana. 
(3) Minot Air Force Base, Ward County, North Dakota. 
SEC. 1642. LONG-TERM SUSTAINMENT OF SENTINEL ICBM GUIDANCE 
SYSTEM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Prior to issuing a Milestone C decision for 
the program to develop the LGM–35A Sentinel intercontinental 
ballistic missile system (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Sentinel’’), 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment 
shall certify to the congressional defense committees that there 
is a long-term capability in place to maintain and modernize the 
guidance system of the Sentinel over the full life cycle of the 
Sentinel. 
(b) CERTIFICATION ELEMENTS.—The certification described in 
subsection (a) shall include a list of capabilities to maintain and 
advance— 
(1) accelerometers; 
(2) gyroscopes; 
(3) guidance computers; 
(4) specialized mechanical and retaining assemblies; 
(5) test equipment; and 
(6) such other components to ensure the guidance system 
will be maintained and modernized over the life of the Sentinel. 
SEC. 1643. INTEGRATED MASTER SCHEDULE FOR THE SENTINEL MIS-
SILE PROGRAM OF THE AIR FORCE. 
(a) DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, acting through the Assist-
ant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology, and 
Logistics, shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
an approved integrated master schedule for the Sentinel missile 
program of the Air Force. 
(b) ADDITIONAL
REQUIREMENTS.—The Under Secretary of 
Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall ensure that the 
integrated master schedule submitted under subsection (a)— 
(1) is consistent with the scheduling best practices set 
forth in the publication of the Government Accountability Office 
titled ‘‘Schedule Assessment Guide: Best Practices for Project 
Schedules’’ (GAO–16–89G), dated December 2015 (or any suc-
cessor to such guide);
H. R. 2670—463 
(2) addresses the full scope of work required under the 
sentinel missile program; and 
(3) fully integrates contractor and government activities. 
(c) MONTHLY BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and on a monthly basis thereafter 
until January 1, 2029, the Secretary of the Air Force shall provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing on the progress 
of the Sentinel missile program, which shall include an update 
on the progress of all subsystems and elements associated with 
achieving full operational capability of the weapons system. 
(d) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 days after the Secretary 
of the Air Force becomes aware of an event that is expected to 
delay, by more than one fiscal quarter, the date on which Sentinel 
missile achieves initial operational capability (as set forth in the 
integrated master schedule submitted under subsection (a)), the 
Secretary shall— 
(1) submit notice of such delay to the congressional defense 
committees; and 
(2) include with such notice— 
(A) an explanation of the factors causing such delay; 
and 
(B) a plan to prevent or minimize the duration of 
such delay. 
SEC. 1644. OPERATIONAL TIMELINE FOR STRATEGIC AUTOMATED 
COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force shall develop 
a replacement of the Strategic Automated Command and Control 
System (SACCS) by not later than the date on which the LGM– 
35A Sentinel intercontinental ballistic missile program reaches ini-
tial operational capability. 
(b) REPLACEMENT CAPABILITIES.—The replacement required by 
subsection (a) shall— 
(1) replace the SACCS base processors; 
(2) replace the SACCS processors at launch control centers; 
(3) provide internet protocol connectivity for wing-wide com-
mand centers of the LGM–35A Sentinel intercontinental bal-
listic missile program; and 
(4) include such other capabilities necessary to address 
the evolving requirements of the LGM–35A Sentinel interconti-
nental ballistic missile program as the Secretary considers 
appropriate. 
SEC. 1645. PILOT PROGRAM ON DEVELOPMENT OF REENTRY VEHICLES 
AND RELATED SYSTEMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force may carry 
out a pilot program, to be known as the ‘‘Reentry Vehicle Flight 
Test Bed Program’’, to assess the feasibility of providing regular 
flight test opportunities that support the development of reentry 
vehicles to— 
(1) facilitate technology upgrades tested in a realistic flight 
environment; 
(2) provide an enduring, high-cadence test bed to mature 
technologies for planned reentry vehicles; and 
(3) transition technologies developed under other programs 
and projects relating to long-range ballistic or hypersonic strike 
missiles from the research and development or prototyping 
phases into operational use.
H. R. 2670—464 
(b) GRANTS, CONTRACTS, AND OTHER AGREEMENTS.— 
(1) AUTHORITY.—In carrying out a pilot program under 
this section, the Secretary may, subject to paragraph (2), award 
grants and enter into contracts or other agreements with appro-
priate entities for the conduct of relevant flight tests of reentry 
vehicles and systems. 
(2) GRANT AND CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) MERIT-BASED GRANTS.—Any grant under paragraph 
(1) shall be awarded through merit-based selection proce-
dures. 
(B) COMPETITIVE
CONTRACT
PROCEDURES.—Any con-
tract or other agreement under paragraph (1) shall be 
awarded using competitive procedures (as defined in section 
3012 of title 10, United States Code). 
(3) USE OF FUNDS.—An entity that receives a grant, or 
enters into a contract or other agreement, as part of a pilot 
program carried out under this section shall use the grant, 
or any amount received under the contract or other agreement, 
to carry out one or more of the following activities: 
(A) Conducting flight tests to develop or validate— 
(i) aeroshell design; 
(ii) thermal protective systems; 
(iii) guidance and control systems; 
(iv) sensors; 
(v) communications; 
(vi) environmental sensors; or 
(vii) other relevant technologies. 
(B) Expanding flight test opportunities through low- 
cost, high-cadence platforms. 
(c) COORDINATION.—If the Secretary of the Air Force carries 
out a pilot program under this section, the Secretary shall ensure 
that the activities under the pilot program are carried out in 
coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of 
the Navy. 
(d) TERMINATION.—The authority to carry out a pilot program 
under this section shall terminate on December 31, 2029. 
SEC. 1646. PROHIBITION ON REDUCTION OF THE INTERCONTINENTAL 
BALLISTIC MISSILES OF THE UNITED STATES. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—Except as provided in subsection (b), none 
of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise 
made available for fiscal year 2024 for the Department of Defense 
may be obligated or expended for the following, and the Department 
may not otherwise take any action to do the following: 
(1) Reduce, or prepare to reduce, the responsiveness or 
alert level of the intercontinental ballistic missiles of the United 
States. 
(2) Reduce, or prepare to reduce, the quantity of deployed 
intercontinental ballistic missiles of the United States to a 
number less than 400. 
(b) EXCEPTION.—The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not 
apply to any of the following activities: 
(1) The maintenance or sustainment of intercontinental 
ballistic missiles. 
(2) Ensuring the safety, security, or reliability of interconti-
nental ballistic missiles.
H. R. 2670—465 
(3) Facilitating the transition from the Minuteman III 
intercontinental ballistic missile to the Sentinel interconti-
nental ballistic missile (previously referred to as the ‘‘ground- 
based strategic deterrent weapon’’). 
SEC. 1647. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS PENDING COMPLI-
ANCE 
WITH 
INFORMATION 
REQUESTS 
FROM 
THE 
GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or 
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2024 for Operation and 
Maintenance, Defense-wide, and available for the Office of the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, not more than 35 percent 
may be obligated or expended until the date on which the Comp-
troller General of the United States notifies the congressional 
defense committees that the Secretary of Defense has fully complied 
with information requests from the Government Accountability 
Office made in connection with the conduct of the study required 
by section 1652 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 2100). 
SEC. 1648. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION OF DECISION TO DELAY 
STRATEGIC DELIVERY SYSTEM TEST EVENT. 
(a) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than five days after the Secretary 
of Defense makes a decision to delay a scheduled test event for 
a strategic delivery system, the Secretary shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees written notice of such decision. 
(b) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (3), not 
later than 60 days after the submission of a notification 
required under subsection (a) with respect to a decision to 
delay a scheduled test event, the Secretary shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report on the decision. 
(2) ELEMENTS REQUIRED.—A report submitted under para-
graph (1) shall include each of the following with respect to 
the scheduled test event covered by the report: 
(A) A description of the objectives of the test. 
(B) An explanation for the decision to cancel the test. 
(C) An estimate of expenditures related to the cancelled 
test. 
(D) An assessment of the effect of the test cancellation 
on— 
(i) confidence in the reliability of the strategic 
nuclear weapons delivery system involved; and 
(ii) any research, development, test, and evaluation 
activities related to the test. 
(E) A plan to reschedule the test event. 
(3) EXCEPTION.—A report shall not be required under para-
graph (1) in the case of a decision to delay a scheduled test 
event due to any of the following circumstances: 
(A) Unfavorable weather conditions. 
(B) Safety concerns. 
(C) Technical issues related to the delivery system 
or test facility. 
(D) Operational or security concerns at the test facility 
or on the test range.
H. R. 2670—466 
SEC. 1649. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION OF NUCLEAR COOPERA-
TION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CHINA. 
If the Commander of the United States Strategic Command 
determines, after consultation with the Director of the Defense 
Intelligence Agency, that militarily significant cooperation between 
the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China related 
to nuclear or strategic capabilities is likely to occur or has likely 
occurred, the Commander shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a notification of such determination that includes— 
(1) a description of the military significant cooperation; 
and 
(2) an assessment of the implication of such cooperation 
for the United States with respect to nuclear deterrence, 
extended deterrence, assurance, and defense. 
SEC. 1650. PLAN FOR DECREASING THE TIME TO UPLOAD ADDITIONAL 
WARHEADS TO THE INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MIS-
SILE FLEET. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force, in coordina-
tion with the Commander of the United States Strategic Command 
and the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Space Policy, shall 
develop a plan to decrease the amount of time required to upload 
additional warheads to the intercontinental ballistic missile force 
in the event Presidential direction is given to exercise such a 
plan. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following: 
(1) An assessment of the storage capacity of weapons stor-
age areas and any weapons generation facilities at covered 
bases, including the capacity of each covered base to store 
additional warheads. 
(2) An assessment of the current nuclear warhead transpor-
tation capacity and workforce of the National Nuclear Security 
Administration and associated timelines for transporting addi-
tional nuclear warheads to covered bases. 
(3) An evaluation of the capacity and limitations of the 
maintenance squadrons and security forces at covered bases 
and the associated timelines for adding warheads to the inter-
continental ballistic missile force. 
(4) An identification of actions that would address any 
identified limitations to upload additional warheads. 
(5) An evaluation of courses of actions to upload additional 
warheads to a portion of the intercontinental ballistic missile 
force. 
(6) An assessment of the feasibility and advisability of 
initiating immediate deployment of W78 warheads to a single 
wing of the intercontinental ballistic missile force as a hedge 
against delay of the LGM–35A Sentinel intercontinental bal-
listic missile. 
(7) Any policy considerations that would need to be 
addressed, including any guidance and direction that would 
required, to execute the plan. 
(8) An identification of all funding required to carry out 
actions identified in paragraphs (4) and (5). 
(c) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air 
Force and the Commander of the United States Strategic Command
H. R. 2670—467 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees the plan 
required by subsection (a). 
(d) FORM.—The plan required by subsection (a) shall be sub-
mitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 
(e) BRIEFING.—Not later than 30 days after the submission 
of the plan required by subsection (a), the Secretary of the Air 
Force, the Commander of the United States Strategic Command, 
and the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Space Policy shall provide 
for the congressional defense committees a briefing on the actions 
being pursued to implement the plan. 
(f) COVERED BASE DEFINED.—The term ‘‘covered base’’ means 
the following: 
(1) Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Laramie County, 
Wyoming. 
(2) Malmstrom Air Force Base, Cascade County, Montana. 
(3) Minot Air Force Base, Ward County, North Dakota. 
Subtitle D—Missile Defense Programs 
SEC. 1661. DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF OFFICE OF MISSILE DEFENSE 
AGENCY. 
Section 205 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘a general or flag officer’’ 
after ‘‘shall be’’; and 
(2) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); and 
(3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(b) DEPUTY DIRECTOR.—(1) There is a Deputy Director of the 
Missile Defense Agency, who shall be appointed by the Secretary 
of Defense from among the general officers on active duty in the 
Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force, or from among 
the flag officers on active duty in the Navy. In selecting an indi-
vidual to serve as the Deputy Director, the Secretary of Defense 
shall select an individual who serves in a different armed force 
than the armed force in which the Director serves. 
‘‘(2) The Deputy Director shall be appointed for a term of 
not fewer than two, and not more than four years. 
‘‘(3) The Deputy Director shall be under the authority, direction, 
and control of the Director of the Missile Defense Agency. 
‘‘(4) The Deputy Director shall— 
‘‘(A) carry out such responsibilities as may be assigned 
by the Director; and 
‘‘(B) serve as acting director during periods of absence 
by the Director, or at such times as the office of the Director 
is vacant.’’. 
SEC. 1662. MODIFICATION OF PROGRAM ACCOUNTABILITY MATRICES 
REQUIREMENTS FOR NEXT GENERATION INTERCEPTORS 
FOR MISSILE DEFENSE. 
Section 1668(f) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 2107) is amended— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘and the product development phase’’ after 
‘‘technology development phase’’ each place it appears; and 
(2) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘enter the product develop-
ment phase’’ and inserting ‘‘enter the production phase’’.
H. R. 2670—468 
SEC. 1663. NATIONAL MISSILE DEFENSE POLICY. 
Subsection (a) of section 1681 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 
U.S.C. 4205 note) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States— 
‘‘(1) to research, develop, test, procure, deploy, and sustain, 
with funding subject to the annual authorization of appropria-
tions for National Missile Defense, systems that provide effec-
tive, layered missile defense capabilities to defeat increasingly 
complex missile threats in all phases of flight; and 
‘‘(2) to rely on nuclear deterrence to address more sophisti-
cated and larger quantity near-peer intercontinental missile 
threats to the homeland of the United States.’’. 
SEC. 1664. MODIFICATION OF REQUIREMENT FOR COMPTROLLER GEN-
ERAL 
TO 
REVIEW 
AND 
ASSESS 
MISSILE 
DEFENSE 
ACQUISITION PROGRAMS. 
Section 232(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2012 (Public Law 112–81; 125 Stat. 1339) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘through 2025’’ and 
inserting ‘‘through 2030’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘through 2026’’ and 
inserting ‘‘through 2031’’; and 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ‘‘EMERGING’’ 
and inserting ‘‘OTHER
DEPARTMENT
OF
DEFENSE
MISSILE 
DEFENSE ACQUISITION EFFORTS AND RELATED’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘emerging issues and’’ and inserting 
‘‘emerging issues, any Department of Defense missile 
defense acquisition efforts, and any other related issue 
and’’; and 
(C) by inserting ‘‘on a mutually agreed upon date’’ 
before the period at the end. 
SEC. 1665. IRON DOME SHORT-RANGE ROCKET DEFENSE SYSTEM AND 
ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM CO- 
DEVELOPMENT AND CO-PRODUCTION. 
(a) IRON DOME SHORT-RANGE ROCKET DEFENSE SYSTEM.— 
(1) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated by this Act for fiscal year 2024 for procurement, 
Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense Agency, 
not more than $80,000,000 may be provided to the Government 
of Israel to procure components for the Iron Dome short-range 
rocket defense system through co-production of such compo-
nents in the United States by industry of the United States. 
(2) CONDITIONS.— 
(A) AGREEMENT.—Funds described in paragraph (1) 
for the Iron Dome short-range rocket defense program shall 
be available subject to the terms and conditions in the 
Agreement Between the Department of Defense of the 
United States of America and the Ministry of Defense 
of the State of Israel Concerning Iron Dome Defense System 
Procurement, signed on March 5, 2014, as amended to 
include co-production for Tamir interceptors. 
(B) CERTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 days prior to 
the initial obligation of funds described in paragraph (1), 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and
H. R. 2670—469 
Sustainment shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees— 
(i) a certification that the amended bilateral inter-
national agreement specified in subparagraph (A) is 
being implemented as provided in such agreement; 
(ii) an assessment detailing any risks relating to 
the implementation of such agreement; and 
(iii) for system improvements resulting in modified 
Iron Dome components and Tamir interceptor sub- 
components, a certification that the Government of 
Israel has demonstrated successful completion of 
Production Readiness Reviews, including the validation 
of production lines, the verification of component 
conformance, and the verification of performance to 
specification as defined in the Iron Dome Defense 
System Procurement Agreement, as further amended. 
(b) ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM, DAVID’S 
SLING WEAPON SYSTEM CO-PRODUCTION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (3), of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2024 for procure-
ment, Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense 
Agency, not more than $40,000,000 may be provided to the 
Government of Israel to procure the David’s Sling Weapon 
System, including for co-production of parts and components 
in the United States by United States industry. 
(2) AGREEMENT.—Provision of funds specified in paragraph 
(1) shall be subject to the terms and conditions in the bilateral 
co-production agreement, including— 
(A) a one-for-one cash match is made by Israel or 
in another matching amount that otherwise meets best 
efforts (as mutually agreed to by the United States and 
Israel); and 
(B) co-production of parts, components, and all-up 
rounds (if appropriate) in the United States by United 
States industry for the David’s Sling Weapon System is 
not less than 50 percent. 
(3) CERTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT.—The Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees— 
(A) a certification that the Government of Israel has 
demonstrated the successful completion of the knowledge 
points, technical milestones, and Production Readiness 
Reviews required by the research, development, and tech-
nology agreement and the bilateral co-production agree-
ment for the David’s Sling Weapon System; and 
(B) an assessment detailing any risks relating to the 
implementation of such agreement. 
(c) ISRAELI COOPERATIVE MISSILE DEFENSE PROGRAM, ARROW 
3 UPPER TIER INTERCEPTOR PROGRAM CO-PRODUCTION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2024 for procure-
ment, Defense-wide, and available for the Missile Defense 
Agency, not more than $80,000,000 may be provided to the 
Government of Israel for the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor 
Program, including for co-production of parts and components 
in the United States by United States industry.
H. R. 2670—470 
(2) CERTIFICATION.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a certification that— 
(A) the Government of Israel has demonstrated the 
successful completion of the knowledge points, technical 
milestones, and Production Readiness Reviews required by 
the research, development, and technology agreement for 
the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Program; 
(B) funds specified in paragraph (1) will be provided 
on the basis of a one-for-one cash match made by Israel 
or in another matching amount that otherwise meets best 
efforts (as mutually agreed to by the United States and 
Israel); 
(C) the United States has entered into a bilateral inter-
national agreement with Israel that establishes, with 
respect to the use of such funds— 
(i) in accordance with subparagraph (D), the terms 
of co-production of parts and components on the basis 
of the greatest practicable co-production of parts, 
components, and all-up rounds (if appropriate) by 
United States industry and minimizes nonrecurring 
engineering and facilitization expenses to the costs 
needed for co-production; 
(ii) complete transparency on the requirement of 
Israel for the number of interceptors and batteries 
that will be procured, including with respect to the 
procurement plans, acquisition strategy, and funding 
profiles of Israel; 
(iii) technical milestones for co-production of parts 
and components and procurement; 
(iv) a joint affordability working group to consider 
cost reduction initiatives; and 
(v) joint approval processes for third-party sales; 
and 
(D) the level of co-production described in subpara-
graph (C)(i) for the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Pro-
gram is not less than 50 percent. 
(d) NUMBER.—In carrying out paragraph (2) of subsection (b) 
and paragraph (2) of subsection (c), the Under Secretary may 
submit— 
(1) one certification covering both the David’s Sling Weapon 
System and the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Program; or 
(2) separate certifications for each respective system. 
(e) TIMING.—The Under Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees the certification and assessment under 
subsection (b)(3) and the certification under subsection (c)(2) no 
later than 30 days before the funds specified in paragraph (1) 
of subsections (b) and (c) for the respective system covered by 
the certification are provided to the Government of Israel. 
(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means 
the following: 
(1) The congressional defense committees. 
(2) The Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
(3) The Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives.
H. R. 2670—471 
SEC. 1666. PROGRAMS TO ACHIEVE INITIAL AND FULL OPERATIONAL 
CAPABILITIES FOR THE GLIDE PHASE INTERCEPTOR 
PROGRAM. 
(a) PROGRAM TO ACHIEVE INITIAL OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, acting through 
the Director of the Missile Defense Agency and in coordination 
with the officials specified in subsection (d), shall carry out 
a program to achieve, by not later than December 31, 2029, 
an initial operational capability for the Glide Phase Interceptor 
as described in paragraph (2). 
(2) REQUIRED
CAPABILITIES.—For purposes of paragraph 
(1), the Glide Phase Interceptor program shall be considered 
to have achieved initial operational capability if— 
(A) the Glide Phase Interceptor is capable of defeating, 
in the glide phase, any endo-atmospheric hypersonic 
vehicles that are known to the Department of Defense 
and fielded as of the date of the enactment of this Act; 
and 
(B) not fewer than 12 Glide Phase Interceptor missiles 
have been fielded. 
(b) PROGRAM
TO ACHIEVE FULL OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY.— 
(1) PROGRAM REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Defense, acting 
through the Director of the Missile Defense Agency and in 
coordination with the officials specified in subsection (d), shall 
carry out a program to achieve, by not later than December 
31, 2032, full operational capability for the Glide Phase Inter-
ceptor as described in paragraph (2). 
(2) REQUIRED
CAPABILITIES.—For purposes of paragraph 
(1), the Glide Phase Interceptor program shall be considered 
to have achieved full operational capability if— 
(A) the Glide Phase Interceptor is capable of defeating, 
in the glide phase, any endo-atmospheric hypersonic 
vehicles— 
(i) that are known to the Department of Defense 
and fielded as of the date of the enactment of this 
Act; and 
(ii) that the Department of Defense expects to 
be fielded before the end of 2040; 
(B) not fewer than 24 Glide Phase Interceptor missiles 
have been fielded; and 
(C) the Glide Phase Interceptor has the ability to be 
operated collaboratively with space-based or terrestrial sen-
sors that the Department of Defense expects to be deployed 
before the end of 2032. 
(c) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT AUTHORIZED.—The Director of the 
Missile Defense Agency is authorized to enter into a cooperative 
development agreement with one or more international partners 
of the United States for the development of the full operational 
capability described in subsection (b). 
(d) OFFICIALS SPECIFIED.—The officials specified in this sub-
section are the following: 
(1) The Under Secretary of Defense for Research and 
Engineering. 
(2) The Secretary of the Navy. 
(3) The Commander of the United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand.
H. R. 2670—472 
(4) The Commander of the United States European Com-
mand. 
SEC. 1667. RESCISSION OF MEMORANDUM ON MISSILE DEFENSE 
GOVERNANCE. 
Not later than May 31, 2024, the Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) rescind Directive-type Memorandum 20-002 relating to 
‘‘Missile Defense System Policies and Governance’’; and 
(2) in accordance with section 205(b) of title 10, United 
States Code, replace such memorandum with governance docu-
ments, policies, and procedures, that balance— 
(A) providing the Missile Defense Agency with greater 
flexibility and agility, particularly with regards to mile-
stone a (or equivalent) acquisition decisions to rapidly meet 
warfighter needs; and 
(B) the need for continued oversight to ensure integra-
tion into joint-force air and missile defense capabilities. 
SEC. 1668. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR OFFICE OF 
COST ASSESSMENT AND PROGRAM EVALUATION UNTIL 
SUBMISSION OF REPORT ON MISSILE DEFENSE ROLES 
AND RESPONSIBILITIES. 
Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or 
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2024 for operation and 
maintenance, Defense-wide, for the Office of Cost Assessment and 
program evaluation, not more than 50 percent may be obligated 
or expended until the date on which the Secretary of Defense 
submits to the congressional defense committees the report required 
by section 1675(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81). 
SEC. 1669. STRATEGY FOR INTEGRATED AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE 
OF HAWAII AND THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION. 
(a) STRATEGY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commander of United States Indo- 
Pacific Command, in coordination with the Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, the Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Policy, the Commander of United States 
Northern Command, the Director of the Missile Defense Agency, 
and the Director of the Joint Integrated Air and Missile Defense 
Organization, shall develop a comprehensive strategy for devel-
oping, acquiring, and operationally establishing an integrated 
air and missile defense architecture for area of responsibility 
of the United States Indo-Pacific Command. 
(2) STRATEGY COMPONENTS.—At a minimum, the strategy 
required by paragraph (1) shall address each of the following: 
(A) The sensing, tracking, and intercepting capabilities 
required to address the full range of credible missile threats 
to— 
(i) the Hawaiian Islands; 
(ii) the island of Guam and other islands in the 
greater Marianas region, as determined necessary by 
the Commander of United States Indo-Pacific Com-
mand; 
(iii) other territories of the United States located 
within the area of responsibility of the United States 
Indo-Pacific Command; and
H. R. 2670—473 
(iv) United States Armed Forces deployed within 
the territories of other countries located within such 
area of responsibility. 
(B) The appropriate balance of missile detection, 
tracking, defense, and defeat capabilities in such area of 
responsibility. 
(C) A command and control network for integrating 
missile detection, tracking, defense, and defeat capabilities 
across such area of responsibility. 
(D) A time-phased scheduling construct for fielding 
the constituent systems that will comprise the integrated 
air and missile defense architecture for such area of respon-
sibility. 
(b) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) REPORT ON INITIAL FINDINGS.—Not later than 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report on the findings of the analysis conducted by Cost 
Assessment and Program Evaluation of the current integrated 
air and missile defense sensor architecture that informed the 
submission of the budget of the President (as submitted to 
Congress pursuant to section 1105(a) of title 31, United States 
Code) for fiscal year 2024, and specific programs of record 
that can support additional sensor coverage for the State of 
Hawaii. Such report shall include an identification of— 
(A) the investments that should be made to increase 
the detection of nonballistic threats and improve the 
discrimination of ballistic missile threats, particularly with 
regards to Hawaii; and 
(B) investments that should be made to integrate any 
sensors into the missile defense system to assist with 
protection of Hawaii. 
(2) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than April 15, 2024, and 
annually thereafter, the Commander of United States Indo- 
Pacific Command, in coordination with the Under Secretary 
of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Policy, the Commander of United 
States Northern Command, the Director of the Missile 
Defense Agency, and the Director of the Joint Integrated 
Air and Missile Defense Organization, shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees an annual report on the 
status of the strategy required under subsection (a). 
(B) REPORT CRITERIA.—At a minimum, each annual 
report under subparagraph (A) shall address— 
(i) the activities conducted and progress made in 
developing and implementing the strategy over the 
calendar year preceding the calendar year during 
which the report is submitted; 
(ii) the planned activities for developing and imple-
menting the strategy in the calendar year following 
the calendar year during which the report is submitted; 
and 
(iii) a description of likely risks and impediments 
to the successful implementation of the strategy.
H. R. 2670—474 
(C) TERMINATION.—The requirement to submit a report 
under this paragraph shall terminate on the earlier of 
the following dates: 
(i) March 15, 2029. 
(ii) The date on which a comprehensive integrated 
air and missile defense architecture for the area of 
responsibility of United States Indo-Pacific Command 
has achieved initial operational capability, as deter-
mined jointly by the Commander of United States Indo- 
Pacific Command and the Director of the Missile 
Defense Agency. 
(3) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act for fiscal year 2024 for Operation and 
Maintenance, Defense-wide, and available for the Office of the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, not more than 90 percent 
may be obligated or expended until the date on which both 
of the following reports are submitted to the congressional 
defense committees: 
(A) The report on initial findings required by paragraph 
(1). 
(B) The first annual report required by paragraph 
(2)(A). 
SEC. 1670. REPORT ON POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENTS TO INTEGRATED 
AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE CAPABILITIES IN EUROPE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 240 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the officials specified in subsection (c), shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees a report on potential enhance-
ments to U.S. and allied air and missile defense capabilities that 
could contribute to the integrated air and missile defense capability 
of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection (a) shall 
include— 
(1) identification of potential enhancements to U.S. and 
allied air and missile defense capabilities as described in such 
subsection taking into account a 360-degree approach tailored 
to address threats to NATO member nations emanating from 
all strategic directions; 
(2) a description of— 
(A) the efforts of NATO to increase its integrated air 
and missile defense capability, taking into account, as 
applicable— 
(i) NATO’s Deterrence and Defense of the Euro- 
Atlantic Area Family of Plans; 
(ii) NATO’s Defense Planning Process; and 
(iii) other activities of NATO relating to such capa-
bility; and 
(B) any challenges to such efforts; 
(3) an assessment of the operational, political, and technical 
feasibility and advisability of developing, fielding, modifying, 
integrating, or otherwise employing current and future U.S. 
and allied air and missile defense capabilities to further 
improve the ability of the integrated air and missile defense 
capability of NATO to protect against any type of air or missile 
threat or attack (such as threats and attacks from cruise, 
ballistic, and hypersonic missiles), including—
H. R. 2670—475 
(A) sensors to detect, track, discriminate, and support 
the engagement of multi-axial air and missile threats; 
(B) defensive interceptor systems; 
(C) passive defense options; and 
(D) command and control elements; 
(4) a funding profile, by year, detailing the complete costs 
to the United States associated with the options assessed under 
paragraph (3); and 
(5) such other information as the Secretary of Defense 
considers appropriate. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In preparing the report required by sub-
section (a), the Secretary of Defense shall seek advice and input 
from— 
(1) the Secretary of State; 
(2) Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; 
(3) the Commander of the United States European Com-
mand; and 
(4) the Director of the Missile Defense Agency. 
(d) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required by section (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex. 
(e) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘U.S. and allied air 
and missile defense capabilities’’ means air and missile defense 
capabilities of— 
(1) the United States; and 
(2) nations that are allies or partners of the United States. 
SEC. 
1671. 
INDEPENDENT 
ANALYSIS 
OF 
SPACE-BASED 
MISSILE 
DEFENSE CAPABILITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, acting through 
the Director of the Missile Defense Agency, shall seek to enter 
into an arrangement with an appropriate federally funded research 
and development center to update the study referred to in sub-
section (c). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The updated study under subsection (a) shall 
include analysis of the following: 
(1) The extent to which space-based capabilities would 
address current and evolving missile threats to the United 
States and deployed Armed Forces. 
(2) The maturity levels of technologies necessary for an 
operational space-based missile defense capability. 
(3) Potential options for developing, fielding, operating, and 
sustaining a space-based missile defense capability, including— 
(A) estimated costs; and 
(B) assessments of the effectiveness of different 
architectures. 
(4) The technical risks, knowledge gaps, or other challenges 
associated with the development and operation of space-based 
interceptor capabilities. 
(5) The ability of the Department of Defense to protect 
and defend on-orbit space-based missile defense capabilities, 
including any recommendations for resiliency requirements that 
would be needed to ensure the effectiveness of such capabilities.
H. R. 2670—476 
(c) STUDY SPECIFIED.—The study referred to in this subsection 
is the study conducted by the federally funded research and develop-
ment center known as the ‘‘Institute for Defense Analysis’’ exam-
ining the feasibility and advisability of developing a space-based 
missile defense capability. 
(d) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 270 days after entering 
into an arrangement under subsection (a), the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
a report that includes— 
(A) an unaltered copy of the updated study completed 
pursuant to the arrangement; and 
(B) any views of the Secretary of Defense with respect 
to such updated study. 
(2) FORM.—The report required under paragraph (1) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex. 
Subtitle E—Other Matters 
SEC. 1681. EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION FOR PROTECTION OF CER-
TAIN FACILITIES AND ASSETS FROM UNMANNED AIR-
CRAFT. 
Section 130i(i) of title 10, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ‘‘2023’’ both places it appears and inserting ‘‘2026’’. 
SEC. 1682. ELECTROMAGNETIC WARFARE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Part I of subtitle A of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new chapter: 
‘‘CHAPTER 25—ELECTROMAGNETIC WARFARE 
‘‘500. Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Executive Committee. 
‘‘500a. Guidance on electromagnetic spectrum operations mission area and joint 
electromagnetic spectrum operations. 
‘‘500b. Annual report on electromagnetic spectrum operations strategy of the De-
partment of Defense. 
‘‘500c. Annual assessment of budget with respect to electromagnetic spectrum oper-
ations capabilities. 
‘‘500d. Electromagnetic spectrum superiority implementation plan. 
‘‘500e. Electromagnetic Spectrum Enterprise Operational Lead for Joint Electro-
magnetic Spectrum Operations. 
‘‘500f. Evaluations of abilities of armed forces and combatant commands to perform 
electromagnetic spectrum operations missions. 
‘‘§ 500. Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Executive 
Committee 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—There is within the Department of Defense 
an Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Executive Committee (in 
this section referred to as the ‘Executive Committee’). 
‘‘(b) PURPOSES.—The Executive Committee shall— 
‘‘(1) serve as the principal forum within the Department 
of Defense to inform, coordinate, and evaluate matters relating 
to electromagnetic warfare; 
‘‘(2) provide senior oversight, coordination, and budget and 
capability harmonization with respect to such matters; and 
‘‘(3) act as an advisory body to the Secretary of Defense, 
the Deputy Secretary of Defense, and the Management Action 
Group of the Deputy Secretary with respect to such matters.
H. R. 2670—477 
‘‘(c) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Executive Committee shall— 
‘‘(1) advise key senior level decision-making bodies of the 
Department of Defense with respect to the development and 
implementation of acquisition investments relating to electro-
magnetic warfare and electromagnetic spectrum operations of 
the 
Department, 
including 
relevant 
acquisition 
policies, 
projects, programs, modeling, and test and evaluation infra-
structure; 
‘‘(2) provide a forum to enable synchronization and integra-
tion support with respect to the development and acquisition 
of electromagnetic warfare capabilities by— 
‘‘(A) aligning the processes of the Department for 
requirements, research, development, acquisition, testing, 
and sustainment; and 
‘‘(B) carrying out other related duties; and 
‘‘(3) act as the senior level review forum for the portfolio 
of capability investments of the Department relating to electro-
magnetic warfare and electromagnetic spectrum operations and 
other related matters. 
‘‘(d) COORDINATION
WITH
INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The 
Executive Committee, acting through the Under Secretary of 
Defense for Intelligence and Security, shall coordinate with the 
intelligence community (as defined in section 3 of the National 
Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)) to generate requirements, 
facilitate collaboration, establish interfaces, and align efforts of 
the Department of Defense with respect to capabilities and acquisi-
tion activities related to electromagnetic spectrum operations in 
areas of dependency or mutual interest. 
‘‘(e) MEETINGS.—(1) The Executive Committee shall hold 
meetings not less frequently than quarterly and as necessary to 
address particular issues. 
‘‘(2) The Executive Committee may hold meetings by video 
conference. 
‘‘(f) MEMBERSHIP.—The Executive Committee shall be composed 
of the following principal members: 
‘‘(1) The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment. 
‘‘(2) The Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 
‘‘(3) The Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and 
Security. 
‘‘(4) The Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. 
‘‘(5) The Commander of the United States Strategic Com-
mand. 
‘‘(6) The Chief Information Officer of the Department of 
Defense. 
‘‘(7) Such other Federal officers or employees as the Sec-
retary of Defense considers appropriate, consistent with other 
authorities of the Department of Defense and publications of 
the Joint Staff, including the Charter for the Electronic Warfare 
Executive Committee, dated March 17, 2015. 
‘‘(g) CO-CHAIRS OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.—(1) The Under Sec-
retary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Vice 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, or their designees, shall 
serve as co-chairs of the Executive Committee. 
‘‘(2) The co-chairs of the Executive Committee shall— 
‘‘(A) preside at all Executive Committee meetings or have 
their designees preside at such meetings;
H. R. 2670—478 
‘‘(B) provide administrative control of the Executive Com-
mittee; 
‘‘(C) jointly guide the activities and actions of the Executive 
Committee; 
‘‘(D) approve all agendas for and summaries of meetings 
of the Executive Committee; 
‘‘(E) charter tailored working groups to conduct mission 
area analysis, as required, under subsection (i); and 
‘‘(F) perform such other duties as may be necessary to 
ensure the good order and functioning of the Executive Com-
mittee. 
‘‘(h) ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM
OPERATIONS
CAPABILITY 
TEAM.—(1) There is within the Executive Committee an electro-
magnetic spectrum operations capability team, which shall— 
‘‘(A) serve as a flag officer level focus group and executive 
secretariat subordinate to the Executive Committee; and 
‘‘(B) in that capacity— 
‘‘(i) provide initial senior level coordination on key 
electromagnetic spectrum operations issues; 
‘‘(ii) prepare recommended courses of action to present 
to the Executive Committee; and 
‘‘(iii) perform other related duties. 
‘‘(2) The electromagnetic spectrum operations capability team 
shall be co-chaired by one representative from the Office of the 
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and 
one representative from the Force Structure, Resources, and Assess-
ment Directorate of the Joint Staff (J–8). 
‘‘(3) The principal members of the Executive Committee shall 
designate representatives from their respective staffs to the electro-
magnetic spectrum operations capability team. 
‘‘(i) MISSION AREA WORKING GROUPS.—(1) The Executive Com-
mittee shall establish mission area working groups on a temporary 
basis— 
‘‘(A) to address specific issues and mission areas relating 
to electromagnetic spectrum operations; 
‘‘(B) to involve subject matter experts and components of 
the Department of Defense with expertise in electromagnetic 
spectrum operations; and 
‘‘(C) to perform other related duties. 
‘‘(2) The Executive Committee shall dissolve a mission area 
working group established under paragraph (1) once the issue the 
working group was established to address is satisfactorily resolved. 
‘‘(j) ADMINISTRATION.—The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment shall administratively support the 
Executive Committee, including by designating not fewer than two 
officials of the Department of Defense to support the day-to-day 
operations of the Executive Committee. 
‘‘(k) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than February 28, 2024, 
and annually thereafter through 2030, the Executive Committee 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a summary 
of activities of the Executive Committee during the preceding fiscal 
year. 
‘‘§ 501. Guidance on electromagnetic spectrum operations 
mission area and joint electromagnetic spectrum 
operations 
‘‘The Secretary of Defense shall—
H. R. 2670—479 
‘‘(1) establish processes and procedures to develop, 
integrate, and enhance the electromagnetic spectrum operations 
mission area and the conduct of joint electromagnetic spectrum 
operations in all domains across the Department of Defense; 
and 
‘‘(2) ensure that such processes and procedures provide 
for integrated defense-wide strategy, planning, and budgeting 
with respect to the conduct of such operations by the Depart-
ment, including activities conducted to counter and deter such 
operations by malign actors. 
‘‘§ 502. Annual report on electromagnetic spectrum oper-
ations strategy of the Department of Defense 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—At the same time as the President submits 
to Congress the budget of the President under section 1105(a) 
of title 31 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029, the Secretary 
of Defense, in coordination with the Chief Information Officer of 
the Department of Defense, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff, and the Secretary of each of the military departments, shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees an annual report 
on the Electromagnetic Spectrum Superiority Strategy of the 
Department of Defense. 
‘‘(b) CONTENTS OF REPORT.—Each report required under sub-
section (a) shall include each of the following: 
‘‘(1) A description and overview of— 
‘‘(A) the electromagnetic spectrum strategy of the 
Department of Defense; 
‘‘(B) how such strategy supports the national defense 
strategy under section 113(g) of this title; and 
‘‘(C) the organizational structure assigned to oversee 
the development of the Department’s electromagnetic spec-
trum strategy, requirements, capabilities, programs, and 
projects. 
‘‘(2) A list of all the electromagnetic spectrum operations 
acquisition programs and research and development projects 
of the Department of Defense and a description of how each 
program or project supports the Department’s electromagnetic 
spectrum strategy. 
‘‘(3) For each unclassified program or project on the list 
required by paragraph (2)— 
‘‘(A) the senior acquisition executive and organization 
responsible for oversight of the program or project; 
‘‘(B) whether or not validated requirements exist for 
the program or project and, if such requirements do exist, 
the date on which the requirements were validated and 
the organizational authority that validated such require-
ments; 
‘‘(C) the total amount of funding appropriated, obli-
gated, and forecasted by fiscal year for the program or 
project, including the program element or procurement line 
number from which the program or project receives 
funding; 
‘‘(D) the development or procurement schedule for the 
program or project; 
‘‘(E) an assessment of the cost, schedule, and perform-
ance of the program or project as it relates to the program 
baseline for the program or project, as of the date of the
H. R. 2670—480 
submission of the report, and the original program baseline 
for such program or project, if such baselines are not the 
same; 
‘‘(F) the technology readiness level of each critical tech-
nology that is part of the program or project; 
‘‘(G) whether or not the program or project is redundant 
or overlaps with the efforts of another military department; 
and 
‘‘(H) the capability gap that the program or project 
is being developed or procured to fulfill. 
‘‘(4) A classified annex that contains the items described 
in subparagraphs (A) through (H) of paragraph (3) for each 
classified program or project on the list required by paragraph 
(2). 
‘‘§ 503. Annual assessment of budget with respect to electro-
magnetic spectrum operations capabilities 
‘‘At the same time as the President submits to Congress the 
budget of the President under section 1105(a) of title 31 for each 
of fiscal years 2025 through 2029, the Secretary of Defense shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees an assessment by 
the Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Executive Committee as 
to whether sufficient funds are requested in such budget for antici-
pated activities in such fiscal year for each of the following: 
‘‘(1) The development of an electromagnetic battle manage-
ment capability for joint electromagnetic spectrum operations. 
‘‘(2) The establishment and operation of associated joint 
electromagnetic spectrum operations cells. 
‘‘§ 504. Electromagnetic spectrum superiority implementa-
tion plan 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense shall be responsible for oversight of the electro-
magnetic superiority implementation plan. 
‘‘(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Concurrent with the submission of 
the budget of the President to Congress under section 1105(a) 
of title 31 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029, the Chief 
Information Officer shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that includes the following with respect to 
the electromagnetic superiority implementation plan: 
‘‘(1) The implementation plan in effect as of the date of 
the report, noting any revisions from the preceding plan. 
‘‘(2) A statement of the elements of the implementation 
plan that have been achieved. 
‘‘(3) For each element that has been achieved, an assess-
ment of whether the element is having its intended effect. 
‘‘(4) For any element that has not been achieved, an assess-
ment of progress made in achieving the element, including 
a description of any obstacles that may hinder further progress. 
‘‘(5) For any element that has been removed from the 
implementation plan, a description of the reason for the removal 
of the element and an assessment of the impact of not pursuing 
achievement of the element. 
‘‘(6) Such additional matters as the Chief Information 
Officer considers appropriate. 
‘‘(c) ELECTROMAGNETIC SUPERIORITY IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘electromagnetic superiority
H. R. 2670—481 
implementation plan’ means the Electromagnetic Superiority 
Implementation Plan signed by the Secretary of Defense on July 
15, 2021, and any successor plan. 
‘‘§ 505. Electromagnetic Spectrum Enterprise Operational 
Lead for Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Oper-
ations 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the date of 
the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2024, the Secretary of Defense shall establish an Electro-
magnetic Spectrum Enterprise Operational Lead for Joint Electro-
magnetic Spectrum Operations (in this section referred to as the 
‘operational lead’) at the United States Strategic Command. The 
operational lead shall report to the Commander of the United 
States Strategic Command. 
‘‘(b) FUNCTION.—The operational lead shall be responsible for 
synchronizing, assessing, and making recommendations to the 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff with respect to the readiness 
of the combatant commands to conduct joint electromagnetic spec-
trum operations. 
‘‘(c) BRIEFINGS REQUIRED.—Concurrent with the submission of 
the budget of the President to Congress under section 1105(a) 
of title 31 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029, the Chairman, 
acting through the operational lead, shall provide to the congres-
sional defense committees a briefing on the following: 
‘‘(1) Progress made in achieving full operational capability 
to conduct joint electromagnetic spectrum operations and any 
impediments to achieving such capability. 
‘‘(2) The readiness of the combatant commands to conduct 
such operations. 
‘‘(3) Recommendations for overcoming any deficiencies in 
the readiness of the combatant commands to conduct such 
operations and any material gaps contributing to such defi-
ciencies. 
‘‘(4) Such other matters as the Chairman considers impor-
tant to ensuring that the combatant commands are capable 
of conducting such operations. 
‘‘§ 506. Evaluations of abilities of armed forces and combatant 
commands to perform electromagnetic spectrum 
operations missions 
‘‘(a) EVALUATIONS
OF ARMED FORCES.—(1) Not later than 
October 1, 2024, and annually thereafter through 2029, the Chief 
of Staff of the Army, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief 
of Staff of the Air Force, the Commandant of the Marine Corps, 
and the Chief of Space Operations shall each carry out an evaluation 
of the ability of the armed force concerned to perform electro-
magnetic spectrum operations missions required by each of the 
following: 
‘‘(A) The Electromagnetic Spectrum Superiority Strategy. 
‘‘(B) The Joint Staff-developed concept of operations for 
electromagnetic spectrum operations. 
‘‘(C) The operations and contingency plans of the combatant 
commands. 
‘‘(2) Not later than December 31 of each year in which evalua-
tions are required under paragraph (1), each official specified in 
that paragraph shall certify to the congressional defense committees
H. R. 2670—482 
that the evaluation required to be carried out by that official has 
occurred. 
‘‘(3) Each evaluation under paragraph (1) shall include an 
assessment of the following: 
‘‘(A) Current programs of record, including— 
‘‘(i) the ability of weapon systems to perform missions 
in contested electromagnetic spectrum environments; and 
‘‘(ii) the ability of electromagnetic attack with capabili-
ties to disrupt adversary operations. 
‘‘(B) Future programs of record, including— 
‘‘(i) the need for distributed or network-centric electro-
magnetic warfare and signals intelligence capabilities; and 
‘‘(ii) the need for automated and machine learning- 
or artificial intelligence-assisted electromagnetic spectrum 
operations capabilities. 
‘‘(C) Order of battle. 
‘‘(D) Individual and unit training. 
‘‘(E) Tactics, techniques, and procedures, including— 
‘‘(i) maneuver, distribution of assets, and the use of 
decoys; and 
‘‘(ii) integration of non-kinetic and kinetic fires. 
‘‘(F) Other matters relevant to evaluating the ability of 
the armed force concerned to perform electromagnetic spectrum 
operations missions described in paragraph (1). 
‘‘(b) EVALUATIONS OF COMBATANT COMMANDS.—(1) Not later 
than October 1, 2024, and annually thereafter through 2029, the 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, acting through the Electro-
magnetic Spectrum Enterprise Operational Lead for Joint Electro-
magnetic Spectrum Operations established under section 500e (in 
this section referred to as the ‘operational lead’), shall carry out 
an evaluation of the plans and posture of the combatant commands 
to execute the electromagnetic spectrum operations envisioned in 
each of the following: 
‘‘(A) The Electromagnetic Spectrum Superiority Strategy. 
‘‘(B) The Joint Staff-developed concept of operations for 
electromagnetic spectrum operations. 
‘‘(2) Each evaluation under paragraph (1) shall include an 
assessment, as relevant, of the following: 
‘‘(A) Operation and contingency plans. 
‘‘(B) The manning, organizational alignment, and capability 
of joint electromagnetic spectrum operations cells. 
‘‘(C) Mission rehearsal and exercises. 
‘‘(D) Force positioning, posture, and readiness. 
‘‘(3) Not later than December 31 of each year in which an 
evaluation is required under paragraph (A), the Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, acting through the operational lead, shall 
brief the congressional defense committees on the results of the 
evaluation.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The tables of chapters at the begin-
ning of subtitle A of title 10, United States Code, and at the 
beginning of part I of such subtitle, are each amended by inserting 
after the item relating to chapter 24 the following new item: 
‘‘25. Electronic Warfare .........................................................................................
500’’. 
(c) CONFORMING REPEAL.—Section 1053 of the John S. McCain 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public 
Law 115–232; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) is repealed.
H. R. 2670—483 
SEC. 1683. COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION FUNDS. 
(a) FUNDING ALLOCATION.—Of the $350,999,000 authorized to 
be appropriated to the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2024 
in section 301 and made available by the funding table in division 
D for the Department of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction 
Program established under section 1321 of the Department of 
Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction Act (50 U.S.C. 3711), the 
following amounts may be obligated for the purposes specified: 
(1) For strategic offensive arms elimination, $6,815,000. 
(2) For chemical security and elimination, $16,400,000. 
(3) For global nuclear security, $19,406,000. 
(4) For biological threat reduction, $228,030,000. 
(5) For proliferation prevention, $46,324,000. 
(6) For activities designated as Other Assessments/ 
Administration Costs, $34,024,000. 
(b) 
SPECIFICATION
OF
COOPERATIVE
THREAT
REDUCTION 
FUNDS.—Funds appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
appropriations in section 301 and made available by the funding 
table in division D for the Department of Defense Cooperative 
Threat Reduction Program shall be available for obligation for 
fiscal years 2024, 2025, and 2026. 
SEC. 1684. MATTERS RELATING TO SPACE-BASED GROUND AND AIR-
BORNE MOVING TARGET INDICATION SYSTEMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Air Force shall be 
responsible for presenting space-based ground and airborne moving 
target indication systems to the combatant commands to accomplish 
missions assigned to such commands under the Unified Command 
Plan that— 
(1) are primarily or fully funded by the Department of 
Defense; and 
(2) provide near real-time, direct support to satisfy the 
operational requirements of such commands. 
(b) MILESTONE DECISION AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of the 
Air Force, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, 
shall be milestone decision authority (as defined in section 4204 
of title 10, United States Code) for Milestone A approval (as defined 
in section 4211 of such title) for space-related acquisition programs 
for ground and airborne moving target indication systems described 
in subsection (a) that are primarily or fully funded within the 
military intelligence program. 
(c) WORKING GROUP.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
establish a working group, to be known as the ‘‘Moving Target 
Indication Working Group’’ (referred to in this section as the 
‘‘working group’’). 
(2) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The working group shall be respon-
sible for— 
(A) addressing Department of Defense joint service 
requirements for moving target indication systems; 
(B) monitoring the cost, schedule, and performance 
of all efforts to replace the tactical intelligence, surveil-
lance, and reconnaissance capability that is provided, as 
of the date of enactment of this Act, by the Joint Surveil-
lance Target Attack Radar System; and
H. R. 2670—484 
(C) developing the processes and procedures for 
tasking, collection, processing, exploitation, and dissemina-
tion of the data collected by moving target indication sys-
tems. 
(3) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The working group shall be composed 
of members selected by the Secretary of Defense as follows: 
(i) One member of the Space Force and one 
member of the Joint Staff each of whom shall serve 
as a co-chair of the working group. 
(ii) One representative of each of the following: 
(I) The Army. 
(II) The Navy. 
(III) The Marine Corps. 
(IV) The Air Force. 
(B) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a list of the members selected to serve on 
the working group pursuant to subparagraph (A). 
(4) BRIEFING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) INITIAL BRIEFING.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the co-chairs of 
the working group shall provide to the congressional 
defense committees a briefing on— 
(i) any capabilities development documents devel-
oped by the working group that are either approved 
by, or in development for, the Joint Requirements 
Oversight Council; and 
(ii) any progress of the working group towards 
developing processes and procedures for tasking, collec-
tion, processing, exploitation, and dissemination of data 
collected by future moving target indication systems. 
(B) BIANNUAL
BRIEFINGS.—Not less frequently than 
biannually following the initial briefing under subpara-
graph (A), the working group shall provide to the congres-
sional defense committees a briefing on the status of any 
moving target indication programs under development by 
the Department of Defense as of the date of the briefing. 
(C) SUNSET.—The requirement to provide briefings 
under this paragraph shall terminate on the date that 
is five years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 1685. POSITIONING, NAVIGATION, AND TIMING. 
(a) QUARTERLY BRIEFINGS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF MILITARY- 
CODE COMPLIANT GPS RECEIVERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than February 1, 2024, and 
quarterly thereafter until the date specified in paragraph (2), 
the Co-Chairs of the Council on Oversight of the Department 
of Defense Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Enterprise, 
shall provide to the congressional defense committees a briefing 
on the status of the implementation of M-Code compliant GPS 
receivers through the Military GPS User Equipment program, 
including the status of increments 1 and 2 of such program 
and details regarding expected dates of M-Code compliance 
for all sea-, air, and land-based terminals across the platforms 
of each of the Armed Forces.
H. R. 2670—485 
(2) TERMINATION DATE.—The date specified in this para-
graph is the date on which the Secretary of Defense submits 
to the congressional defense committees certification that the 
increments 1 and 2 of the Military GPS User Equipment pro-
gram have reached full operational capacity. 
(b) TREATMENT
OF POSITIONING, NAVIGATION, AND TIMING 
RESILIENCY, MODIFICATIONS, AND IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM.—The 
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall 
treat the Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Resiliency, Modifica-
tions, and Improvements program of the Air Force (Program Ele-
ment 0604201F) as an acquisition category 1D program, and the 
authority to manage such program may not be delegated. 
SEC. 1686. ACTIONS TO ADDRESS SERIOUS DEFICIENCIES IN ELEC-
TRONIC PROTECTION OF SYSTEMS THAT OPERATE IN THE 
RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall— 
(1) establish requirements for and assign sufficient priority 
to ensuring electronic protection of military sensor, navigation, 
and communications systems and subsystems against jamming, 
spoofing, and unintended interference from military systems 
of the United States and foreign adversaries; and 
(2) provide management oversight and supervision of the 
military departments to ensure military systems that emit and 
receive radio frequencies are protected against threats and 
interference from United States and foreign adversary military 
systems operating in the same or adjacent radio frequencies. 
(b) SPECIFIC REQUIRED ACTIONS.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall require the military departments and combat support agencies 
to carry out the following activities: 
(1) Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, develop and approve requirements, through the 
Joint Requirements Oversight Council as appropriate, for every 
radar, signals intelligence, navigation, and communications 
system and subsystem subject to the Global Force Management 
process to ensure such systems and subsystems are able to 
withstand threat-realistic levels of jamming, spoofing, and unin-
tended interference, including self-generated interference. 
(2) Not less frequently than once every 4 years, test each 
system and subsystem described in paragraph (1) at a test 
range that permits threat-realistic electronic warfare attacks 
against the system or subsystem by a red team or simulated 
opposition force, with the first set of highest priority systems 
to be initially tested by not later than the end of fiscal year 
2025. 
(3) With respect to each system and subsystem described 
in paragraph (1) that fails to meet electronic protection require-
ments during testing conducted under paragraph (2)— 
(A) not later than 3 years after the initial failed test, 
retrofit the system or subsystem with electronic protection 
measures that can withstand threat-realistic jamming, 
spoofing, and unintended interference; and 
(B) not later than 4 years after the initial failed test, 
retest such systems and subsystems. 
(4) Survey, identify, and test available technology that 
can be practically and affordably retrofitted on the systems 
and subsystems described in paragraph (1) and which provides
H. R. 2670—486 
robust protection against threat-realistic jamming, spoofing, 
and unintended interference. 
(5) Design and build electronic protection into ongoing and 
future development programs to withstand expected jamming 
and spoofing threats and unintended interference. 
(c) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense may establish a process 
for issuing waivers, on a case-by-case basis, for the testing require-
ment under paragraph (2) of subsection (b) and for the retrofit 
requirement under paragraph (3) of such subsection. 
(d) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Concurrent with the submission of the 
budget of the President to Congress pursuant to section 1105(a) 
of title 31, United States Code, for each of fiscal years 2025 through 
2030, the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation shall submit 
to the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee of the Department 
of Defense and the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate 
and the House of Representatives a comprehensive annual report 
that— 
(1) aggregates and summarizes information received from 
the military departments and combat support agencies for pur-
poses of the preparation of the report; and 
(2) includes a description of— 
(A) the activities carried out to implement the require-
ments of this section; 
(B) the systems and subsystems subject to testing in 
the previous year and the results of such tests, including 
a description of the requirements for electronic protection 
established for the tested systems and subsystems; and 
(C) each waiver issued in the previous year with 
respect to such requirements, together with a detailed 
rationale for the waiver and a plan for addressing any 
issues that formed the basis of the waiver request. 
SEC. 1687. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR CERTAIN UNREPORTED 
PROGRAMS. 
(a) LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—None of the funds 
authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available by this 
Act may be obligated or expended in support of any activities 
involving unidentified anomalous phenomena protected under any 
form of special access or restricted access limitations unless the 
Secretary of Defense has provided the details of the activity to 
the appropriate congressional committees and congressional leader-
ship, including for any activities described in a report released 
by the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office in fiscal year 2024. 
(b) LIMITATION
REGARDING
INDEPENDENT
RESEARCH
AND 
DEVELOPMENT.—Consistent with Department of Defense Instruction 
Number 3204.01 (dated August 20, 2014, incorporating change 2, 
dated July 9, 2020; relating to Department policy for oversight 
of independent research and development), independent research 
and development funding relating to unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena shall not be allowable as indirect expenses for purposes 
of contracts covered by such instruction, unless such material and 
information is made available the appropriate congressional 
committees and congressional leadership. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; and
H. R. 2670—487 
(B) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee 
on Intelligence of the Senate. 
(2) The term ‘‘congressional leadership’’ means— 
(A) the majority leader of the Senate; 
(B) the minority leader of the Senate; 
(C) the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and 
(D) the minority leader of the House of Representa-
tives. 
(3) The term ‘‘unidentified anomalous phenomena’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 1683(n)of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (50 U.S.C. 
3373(n)), as amended by section 6802(a) of the Intelligence 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263). 
SEC. 1688. INDO-PACIFIC MISSILE STRATEGY. 
(a) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a strategy for ground-based 
theater-range conventional missiles in the Indo-Pacific region. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following: 
(1) An assessment of gaps in ground-based theater-range 
conventional missile capabilities in the area of responsibility 
of the United States Indo-Pacific Command. 
(2) An identification of military requirements for ground- 
based theater-range conventional missile systems, including 
range, propulsion, payload, launch platform, weapon effects, 
and other operationally relevant factors. 
(3) An identification of prospective basing locations for 
ground-based theater-range conventional missiles in the area 
of responsibility of the United States Indo-Pacific Command 
and an assessment of steps required to receive host-nation 
permission for forward-basing of such weapon systems. 
(4) A description of operational concepts for employment 
of such ground-based theater-range conventional missiles, 
including integration with other capabilities in the Western 
Pacific region. 
(5) An identification of prospective allies, partners, and 
institutional mechanisms for co-production of new ground-based 
theater-range conventional missiles. 
(6) An assessment of the cost, schedule, and feasibility 
of ground-based theater-range conventional missile programs, 
including any potential cost-sharing structures through existing 
institutional mechanisms. 
(7) Any other matter the Secretary considers relevant. 
(c) FORM.—The strategy required by subsection (a) may be 
submitted in classified form, but shall include an unclassified sum-
mary. 
(d) GROUND-BASED THEATER-RANGE CONVENTIONAL MISSILE.— 
The term ‘‘ground-based theater-range conventional missile’’ means 
a short-range, medium-range, or intermediate-range conventional 
mobile ground-launched cruise or hypersonic missile system with 
a range between 500 and 5,500 kilometers.
H. R. 2670—488 
SEC. 1689. STUDY ON THE FUTURE OF THE INTEGRATED TACTICAL 
WARNING ATTACK ASSESSMENT SYSTEM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 
shall enter into an agreement with a federally funded research 
and development center under which the center shall— 
(1) conduct a study on the future of the Integrated Tactical 
Warning Attack Assessment System; and 
(2) submit to the Chairman a report on the findings of 
the center with respect to the study conducted under paragraph 
(1). 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study conducted pursuant to an agreement 
under subsection (a) shall cover the following: 
(1) Future air and missile threats to the United States. 
(2) The integration of multi-domain sensor data and their 
ground systems with the existing architecture of the Integrated 
Tactical Warning Attack Assessment System. 
(3) The effect of the integration described in paragraph 
(2) on the data reliability standards of the Integrated Tactical 
Warning Attack Assessment System. 
(4) Future data visualization, conferencing, and decision-
making capabilities of such system. 
(5) Such other matters as the Chairman considers relevant 
to the study. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Chairman shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees— 
(1) the report submitted to the Chairman under subsection 
(a)(2); and 
(2) the assessment of the Chairman with respect to the 
findings in such report and the recommendations of the Chair-
man with respect to modernizing the Integrated Tactical 
Warning Attack Assessment System. 
SEC. 1690. RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS ON MULTIPOLAR DETERRENCE 
AND ESCALATION DYNAMICS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall seek 
to enter into an agreement with a university affiliated research 
center with expertise in strategic deterrence to conduct research 
and analysis on multipolar deterrence and escalation dynamics. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The research and analysis conducted under 
subsection (a) shall include assessment of the following: 
(1) Implications for strategic deterrence and allied assur-
ance given the emergence of a second near-peer nuclear power. 
(2) Potential alternative conventional, strategic, and 
nuclear force structures to optimize deterrence of two near- 
peer nuclear powers. 
(3) The contribution made by countervailing nonstrategic 
capabilities to strategic deterrence. 
(4) Escalation patterns arising from Russia’s Strategic 
Operations to Destroy Critically Important Targets operational 
concept and response options for the United States. 
(5) Multilateral efforts that could contribute to multipolar 
strategic deterrence and escalation dynamics. 
(6) Capabilities and operations sufficient to assure Euro-
pean and Pacific allies. 
(c) REPORT REQUIRED.—
H. R. 2670—489 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than March 1, 2025, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
committees a report that includes the results of the research 
and analysis conducted under subsection (a). 
(2) FORM.—The report under paragraph (1) shall be sub-
mitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 
TITLE XVII—SPACE FORCE PERSONNEL 
MANAGEMENT 
Sec. 1701. Short title. 
Subtitle A—Space Force Military Personnel System Without Component 
Sec. 1711. Establishment of military personnel management system for the Space 
Force. 
Sec. 1712. Composition of the Space Force without component. 
Sec. 1713. Definitions for single personnel management system for the Space Force. 
Sec. 1714. Basic policies relating to service in the Space Force. 
Sec. 1715. Status and participation. 
Sec. 1716. Officers. 
Sec. 1717. Enlisted members. 
Sec. 1718. Retention and separation generally. 
Sec. 1719. Separation of officers for substandard performance of duty or for certain 
other reasons. 
Sec. 1719A. Retirement. 
Subtitle B—Conforming Amendments Related to Space Force Military Personnel 
System 
Sec. 1721. Amendments to Department of the Air Force provisions of title 10, 
United States Code. 
Sec. 1722. Amendments to subtitle A of title 10, United States Code. 
Sec. 1723. Title 38, United States Code (Veterans’ Benefits). 
Subtitle C—Transition Provisions 
Sec. 1731. Transition period. 
Sec. 1732. Change of duty status of members of the Space Force. 
Sec. 1733. Transfer to the Space Force of members of the reserve components of the 
Air Force. 
Sec. 1734. Placement of officers on the Space Force officer list. 
Sec. 1735. Disestablishment of Regular Space Force. 
Sec. 1736. End strength flexibility. 
Sec. 1737. Promotion authority flexibility. 
Subtitle D—Other Amendments Related to the Space Force 
Sec. 1741. Title 10, United States Code. 
Sec. 1742. Other provisions of law. 
SEC. 1701. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Space Force Personnel Manage-
ment Act’’. 
Subtitle A—Space Force Military 
Personnel System Without Component 
SEC. 1711. ESTABLISHMENT OF MILITARY PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT 
SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE FORCE. 
Title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subtitle: