(4) in the past, these countries have manipu-
lated the dependence of the United States on the oil 
supplies of these countries to exert undue influence 
on United States policy, as during the embargo of 
OPEC during 1973 on the sale of oil to the United 
States, which became a major factor in the ensuing 
recession; 
(5) research by the Energy Information Admin-
istration of the Department of Energy has shown 
that the dependence of the United States on foreign 
oil will increase by 33 percent over the next 20 
years; 
(6) a rise in the price of imported oil sufficient 
to increase gasoline prices by 10 cents per gallon at 
the pump would result in an additional outflow of 
$18,000,000,000 from the United States to oil-ex-
porting nations; 
(7) for economic and national security reasons, 
the United States should reduce, as soon as prac-
ticable, the dependence of the United States on na-
tions that do not share the interests and values of 
the United States; 
(8) the State of Israel has been a steadfast ally 
and a close friend of the United States since the cre-
ation of Israel in 1948; 
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(9) like the United States, Israel is a democracy 
that holds civil rights and liberties in the highest re-
gard and is a proponent of the democratic values of 
peace, freedom, and justice; 
(10) cooperation between the United States and 
Israel on such projects as the development of the 
Arrow Missile has resulted in mutual benefits to 
United States and Israeli security; 
(11) the special relationship between Israel and 
the United States has been and continues to be 
manifested in a variety of jointly-funded cooperative 
programs in the field of scientific research and de-
velopment, such as— 
(A) the United States-Israel Binational 
Science Foundation (BSF); 
(B) the Israel-United States Binational 
Agricultural Research and Development Fund 
(BARD); and 
(C) the Israel-United States Binational In-
dustrial Research and Development (BIRD) 
Foundation; 
(12) these programs, supported by the match-
ing contributions from the Government of Israel and 
the Government of the United States and directed 
by key scientists and academics from both countries, 
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have made possible many scientific breakthroughs in 
the fields of life sciences, medicine, bioengineering, 
agriculture, biotechnology, communications, and oth-
ers; 
(13) on February 1, 1996, United States Sec-
retary of Energy Hazel R. O’Leary and Israeli Min-
ister of Energy and Infrastructure Gonen Segev 
signed the Agreement Between the Department of 
Energy of the United States of America and the 
Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure of Israel Con-
cerning Energy Cooperation, to establish a frame-
work for collaboration between the United States 
and Israel in energy research and development ac-
tivities; 
(14) the United States and Israeli governments 
should promote cooperation in a broad range of 
projects designed to enhance supplies of nonpetro-
leum energy for both countries, and to provide for 
cutting edge research in each country; 
(15) Israeli scientists and researchers have long 
been at the forefront of research and development in 
the field of alternative renewable energy sources; 
(16) many of the top corporations of the world 
have recognized the technological and scientific ex-
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pertise of Israel by locating important research and 
development facilities in Israel; 
(17) among the technological breakthroughs 
made by Israeli scientists and researchers in the 
field of alternative, renewable energy sources are— 
(A) the development of a cathode that uses 
hexavalent iron salts that accept 3 electrons per 
ion and enable rechargeable batteries to provide 
3 times as much electricity as existing recharge-
able batteries; 
(B) the development of a technique that 
vastly increases the efficiency of using solar en-
ergy to generate hydrogen for use in energy 
cells; and 
(C) the development of a novel membrane 
used in new and powerful direct-oxidant fuel 
cells that is capable of competing favorably with 
hydrogen fuel cells and traditional internal com-
bustion engines; and 
(18) cooperation between the United States and 
Israel in the field of research and development of al-
ternative renewable energy sources would be in the 
interests of both countries, and both countries stand 
to gain much from such cooperation. 
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SEC. 203. GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) AUTHORITY.—Pursuant to the responsibilities de-
scribed in section 102(10), (14), and (17) of the Depart-
ment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7112(10), 
(14), and (17)) and section 103(9) of the Energy Reorga-
nization Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5813(9)), the Secretary, 
in consultation with the BIRD or BSF, shall award grants 
to eligible entities. 
(b) APPLICATION.— 
(1) SUBMISSION OF APPLICATIONS.—To receive 
a grant under this section, an eligible entity shall 
submit an application to the Secretary containing 
such information and assurances as the Secretary, in 
consultation with the BIRD or BSF, may require. 
(2) SELECTION OF ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—The 
Secretary, in consultation with the Directors of the 
BIRD and BSF, may review any application sub-
mitted by any eligible entity and select any eligible 
entity meeting criteria established by the Secretary, 
in consultation with the Advisory Board, for a grant 
under this section. 
(c) AMOUNT OF GRANT.—The amount of each grant 
awarded for a fiscal year under this section shall be deter-
mined by the Secretary, in consultation with the BIRD 
or BSF. 
(d) RECOUPMENT.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall establish procedures and criteria for 
recoupment in connection with any eligible project 
carried out by an eligible entity that receives a grant 
under this section, which has led to the development 
of a product or process which is marketed or used. 
(2) AMOUNT REQUIRED.— 
(A) Except as provided in subparagraph 
(B), such recoupment shall be required as a 
condition for award and be proportional to the 
Federal share of the costs of such project, and 
shall be derived from the proceeds of royalties 
or licensing fees received in connection with 
such product or process. 
(B) In the case where a product or process 
is used by the recipient of a grant under this 
section for the production and sale of its own 
products or processes, the recoupment shall 
consist of a payment equivalent to the payment 
which would be made under subparagraph (A). 
(3) WAIVER.—The Secretary may at any time 
waive or defer all or some of the recoupment re-
quirements of this subsection as necessary, depend-
ing on— 
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Union Calendar No. 193 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 3238 
[Report No. 110–306, Part I] 
A BILL 
To promote the development of renewable fuels 
infrastructure, and for other purposes. 
AUGUST 3, 2007 
Committees on Science and Technology, Transportation 
and Infrastructure, and Oversight and Government Re-
form discharged; committed to the Committee of the 
Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered 
to be printed 
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