280 
‘‘SEC. 210F. OFFICE FOR BOMBING PREVENTION. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 
within the Protective Security Coordination Division of the 
Office of Infrastructure Protection of the Department an 
Office for Bombing Prevention (in this section referred to 
as ‘the Office’). 
‘‘(b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Office shall have the 
primary responsibility for enhancing the ability, and co-
ordinating the efforts, of the United States to deter, de-
tect, prevent, protect against, and respond to terrorist ex-
plosive attacks in the United States, including by— 
‘‘(1) serving as the lead agency of the Depart-
ment for ensuring that programs designed to 
counter terrorist explosive attacks in the United 
States function together efficiently to meet the evolv-
ing threat from explosives and improvised explosive 
devices; 
‘‘(2) coordinating national and intergovern-
mental bombing prevention activities to ensure those 
activities work toward achieving common national 
goals; 
‘‘(3) conducting analysis of the capabilities and 
requirements necessary for Federal, State, local, and 
tribal governments to deter, prevent, detect, protect 
against, and assist in any response to terrorist ex-
plosive attacks in the United States by— 
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‘‘(A) maintaining a national analysis data-
base on the capabilities of bomb squads, explo-
sive detection canine teams, tactics teams, and 
public safety dive teams; and 
‘‘(B) applying the analysis derived from 
the database described in subparagraph (A) 
in— 
‘‘(i) evaluating progress toward clos-
ing identified gaps relating to national 
strategic goals and standards; and 
‘‘(ii) informing decisions relating to 
homeland security policy, assistance, train-
ing, research, development efforts, testing 
and evaluation, and related requirements; 
‘‘(4) promoting secure information sharing of 
sensitive material and promoting security awareness, 
including by— 
‘‘(A) operating and maintaining a secure 
information sharing system that allows the 
sharing of critical information relating to ter-
rorist explosive attack tactics, techniques, and 
procedures; 
‘‘(B) educating the public and private sec-
tors about explosive precursor chemicals; 
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‘‘(C) working with international partners, 
in coordination with the Office for International 
Affairs of the Department, to develop and share 
effective practices to deter, prevent, detect, pro-
tect, and respond to terrorist explosive attacks 
in the United States; and 
‘‘(D) executing national public awareness 
and vigilance campaigns relating to terrorist ex-
plosive threats, preventing explosive attacks, 
and activities and measures underway to safe-
guard the United States; 
‘‘(5) assisting State, local, and tribal govern-
ments in developing multi-jurisdictional improvised 
explosive devices security plans for high-risk jurisdic-
tions; 
‘‘(6) helping to ensure, in coordination with the 
Under Secretary for Science and Technology and the 
Administrator of the Federal Emergency Manage-
ment Agency, the identification and availability of 
effective technology applications through field pilot 
testing and acquisition of such technology applica-
tions by Federal, State, local, and tribal govern-
ments to deter, prevent, detect, protect, and respond 
to terrorist explosive attacks in the United States; 
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‘‘(7) coordinating the efforts of the Department 
relating to, and assisting departments and agencies 
of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments, and 
private sector business in, developing and imple-
menting national explosives detection training, cer-
tification, and performance standards; 
‘‘(8) ensuring the implementation of any rec-
ommendations in the national strategy required 
under section 210G, including developing, maintain-
ing, and tracking progress toward achieving objec-
tives to reduce the vulnerability of the United States 
to terrorist explosive attacks; 
‘‘(9) developing, in coordination with the Ad-
ministrator of the Federal Emergency Management 
Agency, programmatic guidance and permitted uses 
for bombing prevention activities funded by home-
land security assistance administered by the Depart-
ment; and 
‘‘(10) establishing and executing a public 
awareness campaign to inform the general public 
and private sector businesses on ways they can 
deter, detect, prevent, protect against, and respond 
to terrorist explosive attacks in the United States, 
that— 
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‘‘(A) utilizes a broad spectrum of both 
mainstream and specialty print, radio, television 
outlets, and the Internet; 
‘‘(B) utilizes small and disadvantaged busi-
nesses, as defined under the Small Business Act 
(15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.); and 
‘‘(C) ensures that the public awareness 
messages under the campaign reach and are 
understandable to underserved populations, in-
cluding— 
‘‘(i) persons with physical and mental 
disabilities, health problems, visual impair-
ments, 
hearing 
impairments, 
limited 
English proficiency, and literacy barriers; 
‘‘(ii) socially and economically dis-
advantaged households and communities; 
‘‘(iii) the elderly; and 
‘‘(iv) children. 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION ON STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION.— 
Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the 
authority of the Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency, the Director of the United States 
Secret Service, or the Attorney General of the United 
States. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Of the amount authorized 
in section 201 of the Counterterrorism Enhancement 
and Department of Homeland Security Authoriza-
tion Act, there is authorized to be appropriated to 
carry out this section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 
2011. 
‘‘(2) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts made available 
pursuant to paragraph (1) are authorized to remain 
available until expended. 
‘‘(e) ENHANCEMENT
OF EXPLOSIVES DETECTION 
CANINE RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES.—To enhance the 
Nation’s explosives detection canine resources and capa-
bilities the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, by 
partnering with other Federal, State, local, and tribal 
agencies, nonprofit organizations, universities including 
historically black colleges and universities and minority 
serving institutions, and the private sector— 
‘‘(1) within 270 days after the date of the en-
actment of this subsection— 
‘‘(A) develop a pilot program that includes 
a domestic breeding program for purpose-bred 
explosives detection canines; and 
‘‘(B) increase the current number of capa-
bility assessments of explosives detection canine 
units to identify common challenges and gaps in 
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canine explosives detection, to provide for effec-
tive domestic preparedness and collective re-
sponse to terrorism, and to inform grant guid-
ance and priorities, consistent with national ca-
pabilities database efforts; 
‘‘(2) continue development of a scientifically 
based training curriculum to enhance consensus- 
based national training and certification standards 
to provide for effective domestic preparedness and 
collective response to terrorism through the effective 
use of explosives detection canines for explosives de-
tection canines; and 
‘‘(3) continue engagement in explosives detec-
tion canine research and development activities 
through partnerships with the Science and Tech-
nology Directorate and the Technical Support Work-
ing Group. 
‘‘SEC. 210G. NATIONAL STRATEGY. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop and 
periodically update a national strategy to prevent and pre-
pare for terrorist explosive attacks in the United States. 
‘‘(b) DEVELOPMENT.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary 
shall develop the national strategy required under sub-
section (a). 
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‘‘(c) REPORTING.—Not later than six months after 
the date of the submission of the report regarding each 
quadrennial homeland security review conducted under 
section 707, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs of the Senate a report regarding the na-
tional strategy required under subsection (a), which shall 
include recommendations, if any, for deterring, pre-
venting, detecting, protecting against, and responding to 
terrorist attacks in the United States using explosives or 
improvised explosive devices, including any such rec-
ommendations relating to coordinating the efforts of Fed-
eral, State, local, and tribal governments, emergency re-
sponse providers, and the private sector.’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
The table of contents in section 1(b) of the Homeland Se-
curity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.) is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to section 210E the fol-
lowing new items: 
‘‘Sec. 210F. Office for Bombing Prevention. 
‘‘Sec. 210G. National strategy.’’. 
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SEC. 822. EXPLOSIVES TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND 
TRANSFER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Homeland Secu-
rity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new sections: 
‘‘SEC. 318. EXPLOSIVES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Under Secretary for Science and Technology, and in 
coordination with the Under Secretary for National Pro-
tection and Programs, the Attorney General, the Secretary 
of Defense, and the head of any other relevant Federal 
department or agency, shall ensure coordination and infor-
mation sharing regarding nonmilitary research, develop-
ment, testing, and evaluation activities of the Federal Gov-
ernment relating to the detection and prevention of, pro-
tection against, and response to terrorist attacks in the 
United States using explosives or improvised explosive de-
vices, and the development of tools and technologies nec-
essary to neutralize and disable explosive devices. 
‘‘(b) LEVERAGING MILITARY RESEARCH.—The Sec-
retary, acting through the Under Secretary for Science 
and Technology, and in coordination with the Under Sec-
retary for National Protection and Programs, shall coordi-
nate with the Secretary of Defense and the head of any 
other relevant Federal department or agency to ensure 
that, to the maximum extent possible, military policies and 
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procedures, and research, development, testing, and eval-
uation activities relating to the detection and prevention 
of, protection against, and response to terrorist attacks 
using explosives or improvised explosive devices, and the 
development of tools and technologies necessary to neu-
tralize and disable explosive devices, are adapted to non-
military uses. 
‘‘SEC. 319. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Under Secretary for Science and Technology, and in 
coordination with the Under Secretary for National Pro-
tection and Programs, shall establish a technology trans-
fer program to facilitate the identification, modification, 
and commercialization of technology and equipment for 
use by Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, 
emergency response providers, and the private sector to 
deter, prevent, detect, protect, and respond to terrorist at-
tacks in the United States using explosives or improvised 
explosive devices. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—The activities under the program 
established under subsection (a) shall include— 
‘‘(1) applying the analysis conducted under sec-
tion 210F(b)(3) of the capabilities and requirements 
of bomb squad, explosive detection canine teams, 
tactical teams, and public safety dive teams of Fed-
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eral, State, and local governments, to determine the 
training and technology requirements for Federal, 
State, and local governments, emergency response 
providers, and the private sector; 
‘‘(2) identifying available technologies designed 
to deter, prevent, detect, protect, or respond to ter-
rorist attacks using explosives or improvised explo-
sive devices that have been, or are in the process of 
being, developed, tested, evaluated, or demonstrated 
by the Department, other Federal agencies, the pri-
vate sector, foreign governments, or international or-
ganizations; 
‘‘(3) reviewing whether a technology described 
in paragraph (2) may be useful in assisting Federal, 
State, or local governments, emergency response 
providers, or the private sector in detecting, deter-
ring, preventing, or responding to terrorist attacks 
using explosives or improvised explosive devices; and 
‘‘(4) communicating to Federal, State, and local 
governments, emergency response providers, and the 
private sector the availability of any technology de-
scribed in paragraph (2), including providing the 
specifications of any such technology, indicating 
whether any such technology satisfies appropriate 
standards, and identifying grants, if any, available 
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from the Department to purchase any such tech-
nology. 
‘‘(c) WORKING GROUP.—To facilitate the transfer of 
military technologies, the Secretary, acting through the 
Under Secretary for Science and Technology, in coordina-
tion with the Secretary of Defense, and in a manner con-
sistent with protection of sensitive sources and methods, 
shall establish a working group to advise and assist in the 
identification of military technologies designed to deter, 
prevent, detect, protect, or respond to terrorist explosive 
attacks that are in the process of being developed, or are 
developed, by the Department of Defense or the private 
sector.’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
The table of contents in section 1(b) of the Homeland Se-
curity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.) is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to section 317 the fol-
lowing new items: 
‘‘Sec. 318. Explosives research and development. 
‘‘Sec. 319. Technology transfer.’’. 
SEC. 823. GAO STUDY OF EXPLOSIVES DETECTION CANINE 
TEAMS. 
Section 1307(f) of the Implementing Recommenda-
tions of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (Public Law 
110–53; 121 Stat. 395) is amended by striking ‘‘utiliza-
tion’’ and all that follows through the end of the sentence 
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and inserting ‘‘utilization of explosives detection canine 
teams, by the Transportation Security Administration and 
all other agencies of the Department of Homeland Secu-
rity that utilize explosives detection canines, to strengthen 
security and the capacity of explosive detection canine de-
tection teams of the Department.’’. 
SEC. 824. REPORT ON CANINE PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES. 
The Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit a 
report to the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Home-
land Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate by 
not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act examining the administration of canine pro-
curement activities by the Department of Homeland Secu-
rity to deter, prevent, detect, and protect against terrorist 
explosive attacks in the United States, that includes con-
sideration of the feasibility of reducing the price paid for 
the procurement of untrained canines, including by uti-
lizing an expanded pool of breeds, procuring canines from 
domestic breeders, and acquiring canines from animal 
shelters, rescue societies, and other not-for-profit entities. 
Subtitle D—Cybersecurity 
SEC. 831. ANNUAL CYBERSECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT. 
The Secretary, in coordination with the Director of 
National Intelligence, shall submit to the Committee on 
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Homeland Security of the House of Representatives an 
annual assessment of cybersecurity threats to and 
vulnerabilities of national critical infrastructure informa-
tion systems and networks. 
SEC. 832. CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary for Science 
and Technology of the Department shall support research, 
development, testing, evaluation, and transition of cyber-
security technology, including fundamental, long-term re-
search to improve the ability of the United States to pre-
vent, protect against, detect, respond to, and recover from 
cyber attacks that threaten national critical infrastructure 
information systems and networks, with an emphasis on 
research and development relevant to large scale, high-im-
pact attacks. 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—The research and development sup-
ported under subsection (a) shall include work to— 
(1) advance the development and deployment 
Internet protocols and architectures, including for 
the domain name system and routing protocols; 
(2) improve and create technologies for detect-
ing attacks or intrusions, including real-time moni-
toring technologies; 
(3) improve and create mitigation and recovery 
methodologies, including techniques for containment 
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of attacks and development of resilient networks and 
systems that degrade gracefully; 
(4) develop and support infrastructure for cy-
bersecurity research and development, including 
modeling, testbeds, and data sets for assessment of 
new cybersecurity technologies; 
(5) assist the development and support of tech-
nologies to reduce vulnerabilities in process control 
systems; 
(6) develop and support cyber forensics and at-
tack attribution; and 
(7) test, evaluate, and facilitate the transfer of 
technologies associated with the engineering of less 
vulnerable software and securing the information 
technology software development lifecycle. 
(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this section, the 
Under Secretary shall coordinate activities with the Under 
Secretary for National Protection and Programs and the 
heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
including the National Science Foundation, the Defense 
Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Information As-
surance Directorate of the National Security Agency, the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology, the De-
partment of Commerce, and other appropriate working 
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groups established by the President to identify unmet 
needs and cooperatively support activities, as appropriate. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Of the 
amount authorized by section 201, there is authorized to 
be appropriated $75,000,000 to the Department for fiscal 
year 2011 for the cybersecurity research and development 
activities of the Directorate of Science and Technology to 
prevent, detect, and respond to acts of terrorism and other 
large-scale disruptions to information infrastructure. 
SEC. 833. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STUDY OF CY-
BERSECURITY INCENTIVES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary for 
Science and Technology and the Under Secretary for Na-
tional Protection and Programs of the Department shall 
seek to enter into an agreement with the National Re-
search Council of the National Academy of Sciences to 
conduct a study to assess methods that might be used to 
promote market mechanisms that further cybersecurity. 
(b) SUBJECTS.—The study required under subsection 
(a) shall include assessment of— 
(1) mandated reporting of security breaches 
that could threaten critical functions, including pro-
vision of electricity and resiliency of the financial 
sector; 
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(2) financial incentives to encourage operators 
of critical infrastructure to maximize protections for 
their systems; 
(3) certification from standards bodies about 
conformance to relevant cybersecurity standards that 
can be used as a marketplace differentiation; 
(4) accounting practices that require companies 
to report their cybersecurity practices and postures 
and the results of independently conducted red team 
simulated attacks or exercises; and 
(5) cybersecurity risk insurance, including anal-
ysis of the current marketplace and recommenda-
tions to promote cybersecurity insurance. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than two years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of 
Representatives a report containing the results of the 
study required under subsection (a), together with any 
recommendations of the Secretary related thereto. 
SEC. 834. RESEARCH ON CYBER COMPROMISE OF INFRA-
STRUCTURE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to section 201 of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 121) and in 
furtherance of domestic preparedness for and collective re-
sponse to a cyber attack by a terrorist or other person, 
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