Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) for 
new covered facilities or for the expansion of existing cov-
ered facilities shall be prohibited within 5 miles of a com-
munity building or area, including a school, a residence, 
a day care center, a nursing home, a hospital, a health 
clinic, a place of religious worship, a park, a playground, 
and a community center. 
SEC. 5. FEDERAL SOURCE REDUCTION AND REUSE TAR-
GETS. 
(a) DEFINITION OF SOURCE REDUCTION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—In this section, the term 
‘‘source reduction’’ means the reduction in the quan-
tity of single-use plastic packaging and food service 
ware created by producers relative to the baseline es-
tablished pursuant to subsection (b)(1) by methods 
that may include— 
(A) shifting to reusable or refillable pack-
aging or food service ware systems; or 
(B) eliminating unnecessary packaging. 
(2) EXCLUSIONS.—In this section, the term 
‘‘source reduction’’ does not include— 
(A) replacing a recyclable or compostable 
single-use plastic packaging or food service 
ware with— 
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(i) a nonrecyclable or noncompostable 
single-use plastic packaging or food service 
ware; or 
(ii) a single-use plastic packaging or 
food service ware that is less likely to be 
recycled or composted; or 
(B) switching from virgin single-use plastic 
packaging or food service ware to plastic 
postconsumer recycled content. 
(b) FEDERAL SOURCE REDUCTION TARGETS.— 
(1) BASELINE.—Not later than December 31, 
2025, the Administrator shall promulgate regula-
tions to establish a baseline quantity, by total weight 
and total number of items, of all single-use plastic 
packaging and food service ware produced, sold, of-
fered for sale, imported, or distributed in the United 
States during calendar year 2024. 
(2) REDUCTION TARGETS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than Decem-
ber 31, 2027, the Administrator shall promul-
gate regulations to establish phased source re-
duction targets for all single-use plastic pack-
aging and food service ware produced, sold, of-
fered for sale, imported, or distributed in the 
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United States, which shall be organized by 
product category. 
(B) MINIMUM.—The phased source reduc-
tion targets established under subparagraph (A) 
shall include a source reduction target of not 
less than 25 percent by 2032. 
(c) FEDERAL REUSE AND REFILL TARGETS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 
2025, the Administrator shall promulgate regula-
tions to establish phased reuse and refill targets for 
all plastic packaging and food service ware produced, 
sold, offered for sale, imported, or distributed in the 
United States. 
(2) MINIMUM.—The phased reuse and refill tar-
gets established under paragraph (1) shall include 
reuse and refill targets of not less than 30 percent 
by 2032. 
(d) EXCLUSION.—Nothing in this section applies to 
any single-use plastic used for— 
(1) medical equipment, supplements, medical 
devices, consumer personal protective equipment, or 
other products determined by the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services to necessarily be made 
of plastic for the protection of public health or for 
people with disabilities; 
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(2) packaging that is— 
(A) for any product described in paragraph 
(1) that is determined by the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services to necessarily be 
made of plastic for the protection of public 
health or for people with disabilities; or 
(B) used for the shipment of hazardous 
materials that is prohibited from being com-
posed of used materials under section 178.509 
or 178.522 of title 49, Code of Federal Regula-
tions (as in effect on the date of enactment of 
this Act); or 
(3) a personal hygiene product that, due to the 
intended use of the product, could become unsafe or 
unsanitary to recycle, such as a diaper. 
SEC. 6. ADVANCING REFILLABLE AND REUSABLE SYSTEMS. 
(a) GRANT PROGRAM TO SUPPORT EQUITY AND IN-
NOVATION
IN
REFILLABLE
AND
REUSABLE
PACK-
AGING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall establish a competitive grant program (referred 
to in this subsection as the ‘‘program’’) to provide 
grants to eligible entities described in paragraph (3) 
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to carry out scalable reuse and refill projects in ac-
cordance with this subsection. 
(2) OBJECTIVES.—To be eligible for a grant 
under the program, a reuse and refill project shall 
evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of tools, 
technologies, and techniques for 1 or more of the fol-
lowing objectives: 
(A) Expanding reuse and refill programs 
to replace single-use plastics currently used in 
consumer goods industries, including replace-
ment with food service and consumer food and 
beverage products that— 
(i) are affordable, convenient, scalable, 
nontoxic, and equitable; and 
(ii) satisfy the requirements described 
in section 3(3)(A). 
(B) Expanding consumer knowledge of 
reuse and refill programs, including through the 
development of accessible educational and out-
reach programs and materials. 
(C) Installing and expanding access to 
publicly available water bottle refilling stations. 
(D) Installing and expanding access to 
sanitation infrastructure in public or commu-
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nity buildings to enable safe and hygienic reuse, 
including dishwashers and sanitation stations. 
(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible to re-
ceive a grant under the program, an entity shall 
be— 
(A) an educational institution, including an 
institution of higher education; 
(B) a nonprofit or community-based orga-
nization; 
(C) a State, local, or Tribal government; 
(D) a for-profit restaurant, business, or 
other organization; or 
(E) a public-private partnership. 
(4) 
NONTOXIC
REQUIREMENTS.—Materials 
used as part of a reuse and refill project under the 
program shall not contain— 
(A) toxic heavy metals, pathogens, or addi-
tives, including— 
(i) a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl 
substance; 
(ii) an ortho-phthalate; 
(iii) a bisphenol compound (not in-
cluding an alkyl-substituted bisphenol com-
pound 
generated 
through 
a 
xylenol- 
aldehyde process); or 
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(iv) a halogenated flame retardant; or 
(B) chemical substances designated as 
high-priority substances under section 6(b)(1) 
of the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 U.S.C. 
2605(b)(1)), including the chemicals or mix-
tures of chemicals described in section 4(g)(3). 
(5) PRIORITIES.—In awarding grants under the 
program, the Administrator shall— 
(A) give priority to projects that will di-
rectly benefit populations of color, communities 
of color, indigenous communities, rural commu-
nities, and low-income communities; 
(B) give priority to a project that achieves 
more than 1 of the objectives described in para-
graph (2); and 
(C) ensure that a grant is provided to 
carry out a project in each region of the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency. 
(6) PRIZE COMPETITION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year 
after the first round of grants is awarded under 
the program, the Administrator shall establish 
a prize competition under which the Adminis-
trator shall— 
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(i) evaluate the projects carried out by 
each recipient of a grant under the pro-
gram; and 
(ii) award a prize to 1 of those recipi-
ents. 
(B) AMOUNT.—The Administrator shall 
determine the amount of the prize under this 
paragraph. 
(C) USE.—The recipient of the prize under 
this paragraph shall use the amount of the 
prize to demonstrate that the reuse or refill 
project carried out by the recipient under the 
program— 
(i) is scalable; 
(ii) serves the community in which the 
program is carried out; and 
(iii) is implemented in a sustainable 
and equitable manner. 
(7) REPORT.—Not later than 3 years after the 
date on which the Administrator establishes the pro-
gram, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a 
report describing the effectiveness of the projects 
carried out under the program. 
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(8) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out the program. 
(b) REPORT ON REUSE AND REFILL PRODUCT DE-
LIVERY SYSTEMS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and every 5 years 
thereafter, the Administrator shall make publicly 
available a report on feasibility and best practices 
relating to reuse and refill within the following sec-
tors: 
(A) Food service, including— 
(i) take out; 
(ii) delivery of prepared meals; and 
(iii) meal kits. 
(B) Consumer food and beverage products. 
(C) Consumer cleaning products. 
(D) Consumer personal care products. 
(E) Transportation or shipping of whole-
sale and retail goods. 
(F) Public educational institutions, includ-
ing institutions of higher education. 
(G) Other sectors, as identified by the Ad-
ministrator. 
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(2) OBJECTIVES.—The report under paragraph 
(1) shall evaluate and summarize— 
(A) types of reuse and refill product deliv-
ery systems that can be best used at different 
scales; 
(B) methods to ensure equitable distribu-
tion of reuse and refill product delivery systems 
in populations of color, communities of color, 
indigenous communities, and low-income com-
munities; 
(C) job creation opportunities through the 
use or expansion of reuse and refill systems; 
(D) economic costs and benefits for— 
(i) the businesses that deploy reuse 
and refill technologies; and 
(ii) the parties responsible for waste 
collection and management; 
(E) types of local, State, and Federal sup-
port needed to expand the use of reuse and re-
fill systems; and 
(F) existing barriers to widespread imple-
mentation of reuse and refill systems. 
(3) CONSIDERATION.—In preparing the report 
under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall con-
sider relevant information on reuse and refill pro-
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grams and approaches in States, units of local gov-
ernment, and other countries. 
SEC. 7. STUDIES; AGENCY DIRECTIVES. 
(a) DEFINITION OF MICROPLASTIC.—In this section, 
the term ‘‘microplastic’’ means a plastic or plastic-coated 
particle that is less than 5 millimeters in any dimension. 
(b) NATIONAL RECYCLING STRATEGY.—The Admin-
istrator shall not expand the scope of the National Recy-
cling Strategy of the Environmental Protection Agency to 
include facilities that treat plastic waste through the use 
of pyrolysis, gasification, or similar chemical recycling 
technologies. 
(c) FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION STUDY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commissioner of Food 
and Drugs, in consultation with the Secretary of Ag-
riculture and, as necessary, the heads of other Fed-
eral agencies such as the Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology and such 
other Federal agencies as the Commissioner of Food 
and Drugs determines to be necessary, shall conduct 
a nationwide study on the presence and sources of 
microplastics in food (including drink) products, in-
cluding food products containing fish, meat, fruits, 
or vegetables. 
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(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Commissioner of 
Food and Drugs shall submit to Congress and make 
publicly available a report on the study conducted 
under this subsection. 
(3) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out this subsection. 
(d) MICROPLASTICS PILOT PROGRAM.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall 
establish a pilot program (referred to in this sub-
section as the ‘‘pilot program’’) to test the efficacy 
and cost effectiveness of tools, technologies, and 
techniques— 
(A) to remove microplastics from the envi-
ronment without causing additional harm to the 
environment; and 
(B) to prevent the release of microplastics 
into the environment. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the pilot 
program, the Administrator shall include the testing, 
and analysis and mitigation of any environmental 
impacts, of— 
(A) natural infrastructure; 
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(B) green infrastructure (as defined in sec-
tion 502 of the Federal Water Pollution Control 
Act (33 U.S.C. 1362)); and 
(C) mechanical removal systems (such as 
pumps) and filtration technologies, including a 
consideration of potential negative ecological 
impacts that may result from filtration in nat-
ural waterways and ocean waters. 
(3) ELIGIBLE PILOT PROGRAM LOCATIONS.—In 
carrying out the pilot program, the Administrator 
may carry out projects located in— 
(A) stormwater systems; 
(B) wastewater treatment facilities; 
(C) drinking water systems; 
(D) ports, harbors, inland waterways, estu-
aries, and marine environments; and 
(E) roadways, highways, and other streets 
used for vehicular travel. 
(4) OUTREACH.—In determining selection cri-
teria and projects to carry out under the pilot pro-
gram, the Administrator shall conduct outreach to— 
(A) the Interagency Marine Debris Coordi-
nating Committee established under section 
5(a) of the Marine Debris Act (33 U.S.C. 
1954(a)); and 
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(B) stakeholders and experts in the appli-
cable field, as determined by the Administrator. 
(5) REPORTS.— 
(A) INITIAL REPORT.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Administrator shall submit to Congress a 
report describing the outreach conducted under 
paragraph (4). 
(B) SUBSEQUENT
REPORT.—Not later 
than 3 years after the date on which the Ad-
ministrator establishes the pilot program, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report 
describing the effectiveness of projects carried 
out under the pilot program. 
(6) RULEMAKING REQUIRED.—Not later than 1 
year after the date on which the Administrator sub-
mits to Congress the report required under para-
graph (5)(B), the Administrator shall initiate a rule-
making to address abatement and mitigation of 
microplastics in locations described in paragraph (3) 
using technologies and methods tested under the 
pilot program. 
(7) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out this subsection. 
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(e) 
NATIONAL
INSTITUTES
OF
HEALTH
RE-
SEARCH.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the National 
Institutes of Health shall conduct or support re-
search on the presence of microplastics in the 
human body, which may include determining how 
the presence of microplastics in organs and biospeci-
mens, including urine, breastmilk, and stool, impacts 
human health. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, and annually for the 
next 4 years thereafter, the Director of the National 
Institutes of Health shall submit to Congress and 
make publicly available a report that provides an 
overview of the research conducted or supported 
under this subsection and any relevant findings. 
(3) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out this subsection. 
SEC. 
8. 
REDUCING 
SINGLE-USE 
PLASTICS 
IN 
AGRI-
CULTURE. 
(a) BIODEGRADABLE WEED BARRIERS PRACTICE 
UNDER
THE
ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY
INCENTIVES 
PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Agriculture shall designate 
a project to replace the use of on-farm plastic weed bar-
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riers and weed mitigants with nonplastic, biodegradable 
alternatives as an agricultural conservation practice or en-
hancement that meets the requirement described in sec-
tion 21001(a)(1)(B)(iii) of Public Law 117–169 (com-
monly referred to as the ‘‘Inflation Reduction Act of 
2022’’). 
(b) SINGLE-USE PLASTIC FARM PRODUCT PACK-
AGING REDUCTION GRANTS.—Section 210A of the Agri-
cultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1627c) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as 
paragraph (7); and 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the 
following: 
‘‘(6) supports the reduction of single-use plas-
tics from the post-production distribution packaging 
of agricultural producers; and’’; 
(2) by redesignating subsections (f) through (i) 
as subsections (g) through (j), respectively; 
(3) by striking ‘‘subsection (i)’’ each place it 
appears and inserting ‘‘subsection (j)’’; 
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(4) by inserting after subsection (e) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(f) SINGLE-USE PLASTIC FARM PRODUCT PACK-
AGING REDUCTION GRANTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 
grants to entities described in paragraph (3) to sig-
nificantly reduce or eliminate single-use plastics 
from the post-production distribution packaging of 
the entities. 
‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary shall 
carry out this subsection through the Administrator 
of the Agricultural Marketing Service, in coordina-
tion with the Administrator of the Rural Business- 
Cooperative Service. 
‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—An entity shall be 
eligible for a grant under paragraph (1) if the entity 
is— 
‘‘(A) an independent producer (as deter-
mined by the Secretary) of a value-added agri-
cultural product; or 
‘‘(B) an agricultural producer group, farm-
er or rancher cooperative, or majority-controlled 
producer-based business venture (as determined 
by the Secretary). 
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‘‘(4) GRANT AMOUNT.—The amount of a grant 
provided under paragraph (1) shall be not more than 
$250,000. 
‘‘(5) TERM.—The term of a grant provided 
under paragraph (1) shall be 3 years. 
‘‘(6) PRIORITY.—In providing grants under 
paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give priority to— 
‘‘(A) beginning farmers or ranchers; 
‘‘(B) veteran farmers or ranchers; 
‘‘(C) organic and regenerative farmers; and 
‘‘(D) socially disadvantaged farmers or 
ranchers. 
‘‘(7) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this subsection $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2023 through 2032.’’; and 
(5) in subsection (i)(1) (as so redesignated), in 
the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘subsection (i)(3)(E)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection 
(j)(3)(E)’’. 
Æ 
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