I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 665
To prevent access by terrorists to nuclear material, technology, and expertise, 
to establish an Office of Nonproliferation Programs in the Executive 
Office of the President, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 8, 2005
Mr. SCHIFF (for himself, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. BUTTERFIELD, Mr. CHANDLER, 
Mrs. DAVIS of California, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. HOLT, Mr. 
ISRAEL, Mrs. MALONEY, Mr. SCOTT of Georgia, Mr. SHERMAN, and Ms. 
WATSON) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on International Relations 
A BILL 
To prevent access by terrorists to nuclear material, tech-
nology, and expertise, to establish an Office of Non-
proliferation Programs in the Executive Office of the 
President, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Omnibus Nonprolifera-
tion and Anti-Nuclear Terrorism Act of 2005’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following:
(1) LOOSE NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND MATERIALS 
IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION.—
(A) There are in the world today enormous 
stockpiles of nuclear weapons and the materials 
required to make them. Counting materials 
both in assembled warheads and in other forms, 
worldwide totals are estimated to encompass 
some 1,900 tons of highly enriched uranium 
(enough for 143,000 nuclear weapons) and 
1,855 tons of plutonium (enough for 330,000 
nuclear weapons). 
(B) The Russian Federation alone is esti-
mated to have over 1,000 tons of highly en-
riched uranium (enough for over 80,000 nuclear 
weapons) and 140 tons of plutonium (enough 
for over 30,000 nuclear weapons). 
(C) The United States has been working 
for over a decade to eliminate stockpiles of loose 
nuclear weapons and materials in the former 
Soviet Union, but the Department of Energy 
acknowledges that there is still a need to prop-
erly secure about 460 tons of weapons-usable 
Russian nuclear material (outside of warheads), 
enough for more than 35,000 nuclear weapons.
(D) A recent report by the Central Intel-
ligence Agency faulted the security of nuclear 
arsenal facilities in the Russian Federation and 
assessed that ‘‘undetected smuggling has oc-
curred.’’ 
(E) There are at least 18 documented inci-
dents of ‘‘proliferation significant’’ fissile mate-
rial trafficking from facilities in the former So-
viet Union between 1991 and 2001. In one inci-
dent in 1998, an inside conspiracy at a Russian 
nuclear weapons facility attempted to steal 18.5 
kilograms of highly enriched uranium. In an-
other incident, 2 kilograms of highly enriched 
uranium taken from a research facility in 
Sukhumi, Georgia, has never been recovered. 
(F) In May 1994, German police found a 
small but worrisome quantity of supergrade 
plutonium in the garage of Adolf Jackle. Ex-
tremely expensive to produce, this rare item 
was likely stolen from one of Russia’s two pre-
mier nuclear weapons laboratories. 
(G) Comprehensive security upgrades are 
not yet completed at 90 percent of Russian nu-
clear warhead bunkers for Russia’s Strategic 
Rocket Forces.
(H) Border security in the former Soviet 
Union is inconsistent at best. Existing infra-
structure helps at the outer borders of the 
former Soviet Union but many borders internal 
to the former Soviet Union, such as the border 
between Kazakhstan and the Russian Federa-
tion, exist only on a map. 
(2) LOOSE NUCLEAR MATERIALS AROUND THE 
GLOBE.—
(A) Dangerous caches of weapons-usable 
nuclear materials, much of it poorly secured 
and vulnerable to theft, exist in a multitude of 
facilities around the world. For example, there 
are over 130 research reactors in over 40 coun-
tries that house highly enriched uranium, some 
with enough to manufacture an atomic bomb. 
In total, about 40 tons of highly enriched ura-
nium, enough for over 1,000 nuclear weapons, 
is estimated to remain in civilian research reac-
tors. 
(B) Over the last 50 years, the United 
States is known to have exported about 27.5 
tons of highly enriched uranium to 43 countries 
to help develop nuclear power production or bol-
ster scientific initiatives. In 1996, the United