datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2527 
To expand the bases on which student loan borrowers may obtain deferments 
of their repayment obligations. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 23, 2005 
Mr. ANDREWS introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Education and the Workforce 
A BILL 
To expand the bases on which student loan borrowers may 
obtain deferments of their repayment obligations. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Residents and Public 
Interest Attorneys Deferment Act’’ . 
SEC. 2. ADDITIONAL DEFERMENTS. 
(a) 
FFEL 
AND
DIRECT
LOANS.—Section 
428(b)(1)(M) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1078(b)(1)(M)) is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of clause (ii); 
and 
(2) by inserting after clause (iii) the following 
new clauses: 
‘‘(iv) during any period in which the 
borrower is serving an internship, or a 
medical or dental residency, the successful 
completion of which is required in order to 
receive professional recognition required to 
begin professional practice or service; 
‘‘(v) not in excess of 2 years during 
which the borrower is serving in a public 
service fellowship with any public entity, 
such as service under subtitle D of title I 
of the National and Community Service 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12571 et seq.); or 
‘‘(vi) not in excess of 2 years during 
which the borrower is employed full-time 
as a public defender or prosecutor;’’. 
(b) PERKINS LOANS.—Section 464(c)(2)(A) of such 
Act (20 U.S.C. 1087dd(c)(2)(A)) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of clause (iii); 
(2) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (vii); 
and
(3) by inserting after clause (iii) the following 
new clauses: 
‘‘(iv) during any period in which the borrower 
is serving an internship, or a medical or dental resi-
dency, the successful completion of which is required 
in order to receive professional recognition required 
to begin professional practice or service; 
‘‘(v) not in excess of 2 years during which the 
borrower is serving in a public service fellowship 
with any public entity, such as service under subtitle 
D of title I of the National and Community Service 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12571 et seq.); 
‘‘(vi) not in excess of 2 years during which the 
borrower is employed full-time as a public defender 
or prosecutor; or’’. 
Æ
I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2872
To require the Secretary of the Treasury to mint coins in commemoration 
of Louis Braille. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 13, 2005
Mr. NEY (for himself and Mr. CARDIN) introduced the following bill; which 
was referred to the Committee on Financial Services 
A BILL 
To require the Secretary of the Treasury to mint coins 
in commemoration of Louis Braille.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Louis Braille Bicenten-
nial—Braille Literacy Commemorative Coin Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
The Congress finds as follows: 
(1) Louis Braille, who invented the Braille 
method for reading and writing by the blind that has 
allowed millions of blind people to be literate partici-
pants in their societies, was born in Coupvray, a 
small village near Paris, on January 4, 1809. 
(2) Braille lost his sight at the age of three 
after injuring himself with an awl in the shop of his 
father Rene, a maker of harnesses and other objects 
of leather. 
(3) A youth who was both intelligent and cre-
ative and was blessed with dedicated parents, a 
thoughtful local priest and an energetic local school-
teacher, Braille adapted to the situation and at-
tended local school with other youths of his age, an 
unheard-of practice for a blind child of the period. 
(4) At the age of 10, when his schooling other-
wise would have stopped, Braille—with the aid of 
the priest and schoolteacher—was given a scholar-
ship by a local nobleman and went to Paris to at-
tend the Royal Institute for Blind Children where he 
became the youngest pupil. 
(5) At the school, most instruction was oral but 
Braille found there were books for the blind—large, 
expensive-to-produce books in which the text was of 
large letters embossed upon the page. 
(6) Soon Braille had read all 14 books in the 
school, but thirsted for more.
I 
111TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3866 
To suspend temporarily the duty on 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4-[[4- 
[[(2,3-dichloro-6-quinoxalinyl)carbonyl]amino]-2-sulfophenyl]azo]-4,5- 
dihydr-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-, trisodium salt. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
OCTOBER 20, 2009 
Mr. WATT introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 
on Ways and Means 
A BILL 
To suspend temporarily the duty on 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic 
acid, 
4-[[4-[[(2,3-dichloro-6- 
quinoxalinyl)carbonyl]amino]-2-sulfophenyl]azo]-4,5- 
dihydr-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-, trisodium salt. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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†
HR 556 EAS
this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary of the
Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State
and the Secretary of Commerce, shall conduct a study
on foreign direct investments in the United States, es-
pecially investments in critical infrastructure and in-
dustries affecting national security, by—
(A) foreign governments, entities controlled
by or acting on behalf of a foreign government,
or persons of foreign countries which comply
with any boycott of Israel; or
(B) foreign governments, entities controlled
by or acting on behalf of a foreign government,
or persons of foreign countries which do not ban
organizations designated by the Secretary of
State as foreign terrorist organizations.
(2) REPORT.—Before the end of the 30-day pe-
riod beginning upon the date of completion of each
study under paragraph (1), and thereafter in each
annual report under section 721(m) of the Defense
Production Act of 1950 (as added by this section), the
Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to
Congress, for transmittal to all appropriate commit-
tees of the Senate and the House of Representatives,
containing the findings and conclusions of the Sec-
retary with respect to the study described in para-
†
HR 556 EAS
graph (1), together with an analysis of the effects of
such investment on the national security of the
United States and on any efforts to address those ef-
fects.
(d) INVESTIGATION BY INSPECTOR GENERAL.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Inspector General of the
Department of the Treasury shall conduct an inde-
pendent investigation to determine all of the facts and
circumstances concerning each failure of the Depart-
ment of the Treasury to make any report to the Con-
gress that was required under section 721(k) of the
Defense Production Act of 1950, as in effect on the
day before the date of enactment of this Act.
(2) REPORT TO THE CONGRESS.—Before the end
of the 270-day period beginning on the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Inspector General of the Depart-
ment of the Treasury shall submit a report on the in-
vestigation under paragraph (1) containing the find-
ings and conclusions of the Inspector General, to the
chairman and ranking member of each committee of
the Senate and the House of Representatives having
jurisdiction over any aspect of the report, including,
at a minimum, the Committee on Foreign Relations,
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-
fairs, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
634 
‘‘(B) Funding provided to States under paragraph 
(2) for each fiscal year shall not exceed one-half of the 
excess of funding under this subsection over $5,000,000 
for the fiscal year.’’. 
(b) DEFINITION.—Section 303 of the Energy Con-
servation and Production Act (42 U.S.C. 6832) is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(17) The term ‘IECC’ means the International 
Energy Conservation Code.’’. 
SEC. 9032. ENERGY CODE IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO 
MANUFACTURED HOUSING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 4 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy 
shall by regulation establish standards for energy effi-
ciency in manufactured housing. Such standards shall be 
established after notice and an opportunity for comment 
by manufacturers of manufactured housing and other in-
terested parties, and after consultation with the Secretary 
of Housing and Urban Development who may seek further 
counsel from the Manufactured Housing Consensus Com-
mittee. 
(b) CERTAIN
REQUIREMENTS.—The regulations 
under subsection (a) shall be in accordance with the fol-
lowing:
635 
(1) The energy conservation standards estab-
lished under this subsection shall be based on the 
most recent version of the International Energy 
Conservation Code (including supplements) except 
where the Secretary finds that such code is not cost- 
effective, or a more stringent standard would be 
more cost-effective, based on total life-cycle con-
struction and operating costs. 
(2) The energy conservation standards estab-
lished under this subsection may— 
(A) take into consideration the design and 
factory construction techniques of manufac-
tured homes; 
(B) be based on the climate zones estab-
lished by the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development rather than those under 
the International Energy Conservation Code; 
and 
(C) provide for alternative practices that 
result in net estimated energy consumption 
equal to or less than the specified standards. 
(3) The energy conservation standards estab-
lished under this subsection shall be updated within 
one year after the date of enactment of this Act and
(7) A captain in Napoleon’s army, Charles 
Barbier de la Serre, had invented ‘‘night writing’’, a 
method for communicating on the battlefield amidst 
the thick smoke of combat or at night without light-
ing a match—which would aid enemy gunners—that 
used dots and dashes that were felt and interpreted 
with the fingers, and later adapted the method for 
use by the blind, calling it Sonography because it 
represented words by sounds, rather than spelling. 
(8) Braille adopted the Sonography method in-
stantly but soon recognized that the basis in sound 
and the large number of dots—as many as 12— 
used to represent words was too cumbersome. 
(9) By the age of 15, and using a blunt awl, 
the same sort of tool that had blinded him, Braille 
had developed what is essentially modern Braille, a 
code that uses no more than 6 dots in a ‘‘cell’’ of 
2 columns of 3 dots each to represent each letter 
and contains a system of punctuation and of ‘‘con-
tractions’’ to speed writing and reading. 
(10) In contrast to the bulky books consisting 
of large embossed letters, Braille books can contain 
as many as 1000 characters or contractions on a 
standard 11-by-12-inch page of heavy paper, and to 
this day Braille can be punched with an awl-like
‘‘stylus’’ into paper held in a metal ‘‘slate’’ that is 
very similar to the ones that Louis Braille adapted 
from Barbier’s original ‘‘night writing’’ devices. 
(11) Also a talented organist who supported 
himself by giving concerts, Braille went on to de-
velop the Braille representation of music and in 
1829 published the first-ever Braille book, a manual 
about how to read and write music. 
(12) 8 years later, in 1837, Braille followed 
that publication with another book detailing a sys-
tem of representation of mathematics. 
(13) Braille’s talents were quickly recognized, 
and at 17 he was made the first blind apprentice 
teacher at the school, where he taught algebra, 
grammar, music, and geography. 
(14) He and two blind classmates, his friends 
who probably were the first people to learn to read 
and write Braille, later became the first three blind 
full professors at the school. 
(15) However, despite the fact that many blind 
people enthusiastically adopted the system of writing 
and reading, there was great skepticism among 
sighted people about the real usefulness of Braille’s 
code, and even at the Royal Institute, it was not 
taught until after his death on January 6, 1852.
(16) Braille did not start to spread widely until 
1868 when a group of British men—later to become 
known as the Royal National Institute for the 
Blind—began publicizing and teaching the system. 
(17) Braille did not become the official and sole 
method of reading and writing for blind United 
States citizens until the 20th Century. 
(18) Helen Keller, a Braille reader of another 
generation, said: ‘‘Braille has been a most precious 
aid to me in many ways. It made my going to college 
possible—it was the only method by which I could 
take notes on lectures. All my examination papers 
were copied for me in this system. I use Braille as 
a spider uses its web—to catch thoughts that flit 
across my mind for speeches, messages and manu-
scripts.’’. 
(19) While rapid technological advances in the 
20th Century have greatly aided the blind in many 
ways by speeding access to information, each ad-
vance has seen a commensurate drop in the teaching 
of Braille, to the point that only about 10 percent 
of blind students today are taught the system. 
(20) However, for the blind not to know Braille 
is in itself a handicap, because literacy is the ability
IIB 
109TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 2872 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
MARCH 1, 2006 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs 
AN ACT 
To require the Secretary of the Treasury to mint coins 
in commemoration of Louis Braille. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
I 
111TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3869 
To suspend temporarily the duty on Ethanol, 2,2′-[ [6,13-dichloro-3,10-bis[[2- 
(sulfooxy)ethyl]amino]triphenodioxazinediyl]bis(sulfonyl)] 
bis-, 
bis(hydrogen sulfate) (ester), potassium sodium salt. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
OCTOBER 20, 2009 
Mr. WATT introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 
on Ways and Means 
A BILL 
To suspend temporarily the duty on Ethanol, 2,2′-[ [6,13- 
dichloro-3,10-bis[[2- 
(sulfooxy)ethyl]amino]triphenodioxazinediyl]bis(sulfonyl)] 
bis-, bis(hydrogen sulfate) (ester), potassium sodium salt. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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I 
110TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3919 
To provide for a comprehensive nationwide inventory of existing broadband 
service, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
OCTOBER 22, 2007 
Mr. MARKEY (for himself, Mr. DINGELL, Mrs. WILSON of New Mexico, Ms. 
ESHOO, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. GORDON of Tennessee, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. SPACE, 
Mr. HILL, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas, and 
Mr. ALLEN) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To provide for a comprehensive nationwide inventory of 
existing broadband service, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Broadband Census of 
America Act of 2007’’. 
SEC. 2. CENSUS OF BROADBAND SERVICE AND INFRA-
STRUCTURE DEPLOYMENT. 
(a) DUTY TO COLLECT AND REPORT.— 
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H. Res. 149
In the House of Representatives, U. S., 
March 6, 2007.
Whereas there are over 3,000,000,000 women in the world, 
representing 51 percent of the world’s population; 
Whereas women continue to play the prominent role in caring 
for families within the home as well as serving as eco-
nomic earners; 
Whereas women worldwide are participating in the world of 
diplomacy and politics, contributing to the growth of 
economies, and improving the quality of the lives of their 
families, communities, and nations; 
Whereas women leaders have recently made significant 
strides, including the 2007 election of Congresswoman 
Nancy Pelosi as the first female Speaker of the House 
of Representatives, the 2006 election of Michelle Bachelet 
as the first female President of Chile, the 2006 election 
of Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf as the first female President in 
Africa’s history, and the 2005 election of Angela Merkel 
as the first female Chancellor of Germany, who will also 
serve as the second woman to chair a G8 summit begin-
ning in 2007; 
Whereas women account for 80 percent of the world’s 70 mil-
lion micro-borrowers, 75 percent of the 28,000 United 
States loans supporting small businesses in Afghanistan
(2) CONTENTS.—The Commission shall choose 
communities for the comparison under this subsection 
in a manner that will offer, to the extent possible, 
communities of a population size, population density, 
topography, and demographic profile that are com-
parable to the population size, population density, to-
pography, and demographic profile of various com-
munities within the United States. The Commission 
shall include in the comparison under this sub-
section— 
(A) a geographically diverse selection of 
countries; and 
(B) communities including the capital cities 
of such countries. 
(3) 
SIMILARITIES
AND
DIFFERENCES.—The 
Commission shall identify relevant similarities and 
differences in each community, including their mar-
ket structures, the number of competitors, the number 
of facilities-based providers, the types of technologies 
deployed by such providers, the applications and serv-
ices those technologies enable, and the regulatory 
model under which broadband service capability is 
provided. 
(d) PROTECTION OF INFORMATION.—Except for the in-
formation provided to the public by the Commission in its 
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HR 2872 RFS 
and write Braille, later became the first three blind 
full professors at the school. 
(15) However, despite the fact that many blind 
people enthusiastically adopted the system of writing 
and reading, there was great skepticism among 
sighted people about the real usefulness of Braille’s 
code, and even at the Royal Institute, it was not 
taught until after his death on January 6, 1852. 
(16) Braille did not start to spread widely until 
1868 when a group of British men—later to become 
known as the Royal National Institute for the 
Blind—began publicizing and teaching the system. 
(17) Braille did not become the official and sole 
method of reading and writing for blind United 
States citizens until the 20th Century. 
(18) Helen Keller, a Braille reader of another 
generation, said: ‘‘Braille has been a most precious 
aid to me in many ways. It made my going to college 
possible—it was the only method by which I could 
take notes on lectures. All my examination papers 
were copied for me in this system. I use Braille as 
a spider uses its web—to catch thoughts that flit 
across my mind for speeches, messages and manu-
scripts.’’.
111TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 3885 
AN ACT 
To direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to carry out 
a pilot program on dog training therapy. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
HR 2872 RFS 
(19) While rapid technological advances in the 
20th Century have greatly aided the blind in many 
ways by speeding access to information, each ad-
vance has seen a commensurate drop in the teaching 
of Braille, to the point that only about 10 percent 
of blind students today are taught the system. 
(20) However, for the blind not to know Braille 
is in itself a handicap, because literacy is the ability 
to read and the ability to write and the ability to do 
the two interactively. 
(21) The National Federation of the Blind, the 
Nation’s oldest membership organization consisting 
of blind members, has been a champion of the 
Braille code, of Braille literacy for all blind people 
and of the memory of Louis Braille, and continues 
its Braille literacy efforts today through its divisions 
emphasizing Braille literacy, emphasizing education 
of blind children and emphasizing employment of the 
blind. 
(22) Braille literacy aids the blind in taking re-
sponsible and self-sufficient roles in society, such as 
employment: while 70 percent of the blind are unem-
ployed, 85 percent of the employed blind are Braille- 
literate.
HR 2872 RFS 
SEC. 3. COIN SPECIFICATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treasury 
(hereafter in this Act referred to as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall 
mint and issue not more than 400,000 $1 coins bearing 
the designs specified in section 4(a), each of which shall— 
(1) weigh 26.73 grams; 
(2) have a diameter of 1.500 inches; and 
(3) contain 90 percent silver and 10 percent 
copper. 
(b) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under this 
Act shall be legal tender, as provided in section 5103 of 
title 31, United States Code. 
(c) NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of section 
5134 of title 31, United States Code, all coins minted 
under this Act shall be considered to be numismatic items. 
SEC. 4. DESIGN OF COINS. 
(a) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The design of the coins 
minted under this Act shall be emblematic of the life 
and legacy of Louis Braille. 
(2) OBVERSE.—The design on the obverse shall 
bear a representation of the image of Louis Braille. 
(3) REVERSE.—The design on the reverse shall 
emphasize Braille literacy and shall specifically in-
clude the word for Braille in Braille code (the 
Braille capital sign and the letters Brl) represented
IA
106TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. J. RES. 21
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States establishing
English as the official language of the United States.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JANUARY 19, 1999
Mr. DOOLITTLE (for himself, Mr. MANZULLO, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. GUTKNECHT,
Mr. STUMP, Mr. TANCREDO, Mr. GOODE, and Mrs. CHENOWETH) intro-
duced the following joint resolution; which was referred to the Committee
on the Judiciary
JOINT RESOLUTION
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United
States establishing English as the official language of
the United States.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled
(two-thirds of each House concurring therein), That the fol-
lowing article is proposed as an amendment to the Con-
stitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all
intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when
ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several
States within seven years after the date of its submission
for ratification:
106TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. J. RES. 26
JOINT RESOLUTION
Providing for the reappointment of Barber B. Con-
able, Jr. as a citizen regent of the Board of Re-
gents of the Smithsonian Institution.
I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2982 
To require the Federal Communications Commission to reorganize the bureaus 
of the Commission in order to better carry out their regulatory functions. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 17, 2005 
Mr. WYNN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 
on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To require the Federal Communications Commission to reor-
ganize the bureaus of the Commission in order to better 
carry out their regulatory functions. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘FCC Reorganization 
Act’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
The Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Communications Act of 1934 grants 
the Federal Communications Commission permission 
to organize ‘‘integrated bureaus’’ and ‘‘other divi-