I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4141 
To direct the Department of Energy and the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration to conduct collaborative research in order to ad-
vance numerical weather and climate prediction in the United States, 
and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 25, 2025 
Mr. MILLER of Ohio (for himself and Mrs. FOUSHEE) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in 
addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, for a pe-
riod to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for con-
sideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com-
mittee concerned 
A BILL 
To direct the Department of Energy and the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration to conduct collabo-
rative research in order to advance numerical weather 
and climate prediction in the United States, and for 
other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Advanced Weather 
Model Computing Development Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. COMPUTING RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 108 of the Weather Re-
search and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 
8518) is amended by striking subsection (a)(3)(C) and all 
that follows through subsection (b)(7) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(b) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INVESTMENTS.— 
The Under Secretary shall leverage artificial intelligence 
and machine learning technologies to facilitate, optimize, 
and further leverage advanced computing to accomplish 
critical missions of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration. 
‘‘(c) CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE.—The Under Sec-
retary may expand, and where applicable establish, centers 
of excellence to aid the adoption of next-generation artifi-
cial intelligence and machine learning enabled advanced 
computing capabilities. Each such center may carry out 
activities that include the following: 
‘‘(1) Leveraging robust public-private partner-
ship models to provide access to training, experience, 
and long-term development of workforce and infra-
structure. 
‘‘(2) Developing and optimizing tools, libraries, 
algorithms, data structures, and other supporting 
software necessary for specific applications on high 
performance computing systems. 
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‘‘(3) Applying modern artificial intelligence, 
deep machine-learning, and advanced data analysis 
technologies to address current and future mission 
challenges. 
‘‘(4) To the maximum extent practicable, ex-
ploring quantum computing and related application 
partnerships with public, private, and academic enti-
ties to improve the accuracy and resolution of weath-
er predictions. 
‘‘(d) MULTI-YEAR CONTRACTS.—The Under Sec-
retary may enter into multi-year contracts in accordance 
with section 3903 of title 41, United States Code, and 
shall ensure compliance with all contract clauses provided 
in such section to support operations, research, and devel-
opment related to high performance and cloud computing 
infrastructure or systems with an unfunded contingent li-
ability in the event of cancellation. 
‘‘(e) REPORT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than two years 
after the date of the enactment of this subsection, 
the Under Secretary, in collaboration with the Sec-
retary of Energy shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation and the Committee on 
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Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a re-
port evaluating the following: 
‘‘(A) A best estimate of the overall value of 
high-resolution probabilistic forecast guidance 
for hazardous weather or water events using a 
next-generation weather forecast and warning 
framework. 
‘‘(B) The needs for cloud computing, quan-
tum computing, or high-performance com-
puting, visualization, and dissemination collabo-
ration between the Department of Energy and 
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin-
istration. 
‘‘(C) A timeline and guidance for imple-
mentation of the following: 
‘‘(i) High-resolution numerical weath-
er prediction models. 
‘‘(ii) Methods for meeting the cloud 
computing, quantum computing, or high- 
performance computing, visualization, and 
dissemination needs identified under sub-
paragraph (b). 
‘‘(2) HAZARDOUS WEATHER OR WATER EVENTS 
DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘hazardous 
weather or water events’ means weather or water 
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events that have a high risk of loss of life or prop-
erty, including the following: 
‘‘(A) Severe storms, such as hurricanes 
and short-fused, small-scale hazardous weather 
or hydrologic events produced by thunder-
storms, including large hail, damaging winds, 
tornadoes, and flash floods. 
‘‘(B) Winter storms, such as freezing or 
frozen precipitation (including freezing rain, 
sleet, and snow), or combined effects of freezing 
or frozen precipitation and strong winds. 
‘‘(C) Other weather hazards, such as ex-
treme heat or cold, wildfire, drought, dense fog, 
high winds, and river, coastal, or lakeshore 
flooding.’’. 
(b) STRATEGIC PLAN ON HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM-
PUTING AND DATA MANAGEMENT NEEDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary shall 
make publicly available not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and update 
every five years thereafter until 2035, a 10-year 
strategic plan that outlines the high-performance 
computing and data management requirements and 
needs of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
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ministration and actions and strategies to address 
such requirements and needs. 
(2) PLAN
ELEMENTS.—At a minimum, the 
strategic plan required by paragraph (1) shall in-
clude the following: 
(A) A 10-year prospective outlook of com-
puting resources and upgrades needed to meet 
the mission needs of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration for fisheries man-
agement, oceanographic forecasting, and eco-
logical forecasting missions. 
(B) A discussion of the following: 
(i) Computing and processing re-
sources of the Administration and a 10- 
year projected need for such resources, 
disaggregated by line office of the Admin-
istration. 
(ii) Facilities, commercial contracts, 
and partnerships (with other Federal agen-
cies or other institutions or entities) of the 
Administration that are providing com-
puting and data management support or 
capacity as of such date. 
(iii) The use by the Administration of 
cloud computing and other emerging tech-
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nologies, such as artificial intelligence and 
machine learning. 
(iv) Additional technologies that have 
the potential to increase effectiveness and 
efficiency for data storage and processing 
power, including challenges to access and 
use of such technologies. 
(v) The distribution of computing re-
sources among the operations and research 
functions of the Administration. 
(vi) Products and services of the Ad-
ministration that have not become avail-
able to the public because of a lack of com-
puting resources. 
(vii) Current and future workforce de-
velopment needs, such as information tech-
nology and software engineering, of the 
Administration. 
(viii) The high-performance computing 
requirements of the Administration, with a 
special focus on requirements that are 
common across line offices of the Adminis-
tration. 
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(C) Timelines, and performance measures 
for assessing progress toward attaining goals 
for the following: 
(i) Computing infrastructure and ar-
chitecture of the Administration (including 
facilities, hardware, and software). 
(ii) Use by the Administration of tech-
nologies that will increase effectiveness and 
efficiency for data storage and processing 
power, including challenges to access and 
use of such technologies. 
(D) A 10-year life cycle analysis of the 
management of facilities, hardware, and engi-
neering involved in the strategic plan that in-
cludes the following: 
(i) Program formulation for project 
conception, implementation, and closure. 
(ii) Technical infrastructure, products, 
processes, data, and personnel resources 
required to achieve defined cost, schedule, 
and performance objectives. 
(E) If appropriate, a description of actions 
taken to implement the previous plan. 
(3) PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT.—In developing the 
strategic plan required by paragraph (1), the Under 
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Secretary shall invite comments and other feedback 
from the public to inform the strategic plan. 
(4) ANNUAL BRIEFINGS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
annually thereafter until 2030, the Under Sec-
retary shall brief Congress on the progress 
made toward the objectives of the strategic plan 
required by paragraph (1). 
(B) ELEMENTS.—Each briefing required 
by subparagraph (A) shall include the following: 
(i) An evaluation of the progress 
made in implementing the strategic plan. 
(ii) Such updates to the strategic plan 
as the Under Secretary considers appro-
priate. 
Æ 
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