201 
and the average amount disbursed per person for 
such study; 
(D) a comparative analysis of per dollar 
program effectiveness and efficiency in allowing 
United States persons to reach conversational 
proficiency Mandarin or Cantonese Chinese, Ti-
betan, Uyghur, Mongolian, or other contem-
porary spoken languages of China; 
(E) an analysis of which of the languages 
referred to in subparagraph (D) were studied 
through the funding from the Liu Xiaobo Fund 
for Study of the Chinese Language; and 
(F) any recommendations of the Secretary 
of State for improvements to the authorities, pri-
orities, or management of the Liu Xiaobo Fund 
for Study of the Chinese Language. 
(f) INTERAGENCY FUNDS TRANSFERS AUTHORIZA-
TION.—Amounts authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary of State to carry out this Act are authorized to be 
transferred to the heads of other appropriate Federal de-
partments and agencies for similar purposes, subject to 
prior notification to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate. Such heads shall consult with the 
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Secretary in the preparation of the report required under 
subsection (e). 
(g) LIMITATIONS.—Amounts authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out this Act may only be made available 
for the costs of language study funded and administration 
incurred by the Department of State or programs carried 
out by the Department of State (or by another Federal de-
partment or agency pursuant to subsection (f)) to carry out 
this section. 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ALASKA NATIVE-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The 
term ‘‘Alaska Native-serving institution’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 317(b) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)). 
(2) ASIAN AMERICAN AND NATIVE AMERICAN PA-
CIFIC
ISLANDER-SERVING
INSTITUTION.—The term 
‘‘Asian American and Native American Pacific Is-
lander-serving institution’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 371(c) of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)). 
(3) HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The term 
‘‘Hispanic-serving institution’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 502 of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a). 
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(4) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE OR UNIVER-
SITY.—The term ‘‘historically Black college or univer-
sity’’ means a part B institution described in section 
322(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (22 
U.S.C. 1061(2)). 
(5) NATIVE AMERICAN-SERVING NONTRIBAL IN-
STITUTION.—The term ‘‘Native American-serving 
nontribal institution’’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)). 
(6) NATIVE HAWAIIAN-SERVING INSTITUTION.— 
The term ‘‘Native Hawaiian-serving institution’’ has 
the meaning given such term in section 317(b) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)). 
(7) PREDOMINANTLY BLACK INSTITUTION.—The 
term ‘‘Predominantly Black institution’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 371(c) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)). 
(8) TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY.—The term 
‘‘Tribal College or University’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 316(b) of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)). 
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SEC. 
219G. 
OVERSIGHT 
OF 
FUNDS 
MADE 
AVAILABLE 
THROUGH THE AMERICAN RESCUE PLAN ACT 
OF 2021. 
(a) AUTHORITIES
AND CONDITIONS.—Amounts au-
thorized and appropriated under title X of the American 
Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117–2) to carry out 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) 
shall be subject to the applicable authorities and conditions 
for funds made available to carry out the Foreign Assist-
ance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) and division K 
of Public Law 116–260. 
(b) OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY.—Amounts au-
thorized and appropriated under sections 10001 and 10002 
of American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 may be transferred 
to the Inspector General of the Department of State and 
the Inspector General of the United States Agency for Inter-
national Development to expand the capacity of such In-
spectors General to conduct effective oversight of the foreign 
assistance programs and activities under such Act. 
(c) UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GLOBAL 
FUND
TO FIGHT AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA 
COVID–19 RESPONSE MECHANISM.—United States con-
tributions to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, 
and Malaria COVID–19 Response Mechanism under section 
10003(a)(2) of American Rescue Plan Act of 2021— 
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(1) shall be meaningfully leveraged in a manner 
that incentivizes other public and private donor con-
tributions; and 
(2) shall be subject to the reporting and with-
holding 
requirements 
under 
subsections 
(c), 
(d)(4)(A)(ii), (d)(4)(C), (d)(5), (d)(6), (f), and (g) of 
section 202 of the United States Leadership Against 
HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 
(22 U.S.C. 7622). 
SEC. 219H. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO VACCINE BRAND-
ING. 
The President shall ensure that every vaccine donated 
or otherwise procured and financed by the United States 
Government shall be clearly branded with the United States 
flag. 
Subtitle B—International Security 
Matters 
SEC. 221. APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS. 
In this subtitle, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of 
Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the Senate; and 
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(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Ap-
propriations of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 222. ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR INTERNATIONAL MILI-
TARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE 
INDO-PACIFIC. 
There is authorized to be appropriated for each of fis-
cal years 2022 through fiscal year 2026 for the Department 
of State, out of amounts authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available for assistance under chapter 5 of 
part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2347 et seq.) (relating to international military education 
and training assistance), $45,000,000 for activities in the 
Indo-Pacific region in accordance with this subtitle. Funds 
may be disbursed only after vetting of individuals proposed 
to be trained, consistent with sections 502B and 620M of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304 and 
2378d). 
SEC. 223. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON MARITIME FREEDOM 
OF OPERATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL WATER-
WAYS AND AIRSPACE OF THE INDO-PACIFIC 
AND ON ARTIFICIAL LAND FEATURES IN THE 
SOUTH CHINA SEA. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
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(1) condemns coercive and threatening actions or 
the use of force to impede freedom of navigation oper-
ations in international airspace by military or civil-
ian aircraft, to alter the status quo, or to destabilize 
the Indo-Pacific region; 
(2) urges the Government of the People’s Repub-
lic of China to refrain from implementing the de-
clared East China Sea Air Defense Identification 
Zone (ADIZ), or an ADIZ in the South China Sea, 
where contrary to freedom of overflight in inter-
national airspace, and to refrain from taking similar 
provocative actions elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific re-
gion; 
(3) reaffirms that the 2016 Permanent Court of 
Arbitration decision is final and legally binding on 
both parties and that the People’s Republic of China’s 
claims to offshore resources across most of the South 
China Sea are unlawful; and 
(4) condemns the People’s Republic of China for 
failing to abide by the 2016 Permanent Court of Ar-
bitration ruling, despite the PRC’s obligations as a 
state party to the United Nations Convention on the 
Law of the Sea. 
(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It shall be the policy of 
the United States to— 
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(1) reaffirm its commitment and support for al-
lies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region, includ-
ing with respect to the mutual defense treaties with 
Indo-Pacific allies; 
(2) oppose claims that impinge on the rights, 
freedoms, and lawful use of the sea, or the airspace 
above it, that are available to all countries, and op-
pose the militarization of new and reclaimed land 
features in the South China Sea; 
(3) continue certain policies with respect to the 
PRC claims in the South China Sea, specifically— 
(A) that PRC claims in the South China 
Sea, including to offshore resources across most 
of the South China Sea, are unlawful; 
(B) that the PRC cannot lawfully assert a 
maritime claim vis-a`-vis the Philippines in 
areas that the Permanent Court of Arbitration 
found to be in the Philippines’ Exclusive Eco-
nomic Zone (EEZ) or on its continental shelf; 
(C) to reject any PRC claim to waters be-
yond a 12 nautical mile territorial sea derived 
from islands it claims in the Spratly Islands; 
and 
(D) that the PRC has no lawful territorial 
or maritime claim to James Shoal; 
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(4) urge all parties to refrain from engaging in 
destabilizing activities, including environmentally 
harmful and provocative land reclamation; 
(5) ensure that disputes are managed without in-
timidation, coercion, or force; 
(6) call on all claimants to clarify or adjust 
claims in accordance with international law; 
(7) uphold the principle that territorial and 
maritime claims, including territorial waters or terri-
torial seas, must derive from land features and other-
wise comport with international law; 
(8) oppose the imposition of new fishing regula-
tions covering disputed areas in the South China Sea, 
regulations which have raised tensions in the region; 
(9) support an effective Code of Conduct, if that 
Code of Conduct reflects the interests of Southeast 
Asian claimant countries and does not serve as a ve-
hicle for the People’s Republic of China to advance its 
unlawful maritime claims; 
(10) reaffirm that an existing body of inter-
national rules and guidelines, including the Inter-
national Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 
done at London October 12, 1972 (COLREGs), is suf-
ficient to ensure the safety of navigation between the 
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United States Armed Forces and the forces of other 
countries, including the People’s Republic of China; 
(11) support the development of regional institu-
tions and bodies, including the ASEAN Regional 
Forum, the ASEAN Defense Minister’s Meeting Plus, 
the East Asia Summit, and the expanded ASEAN 
Maritime Forum, to build practical cooperation in 
the region and reinforce the role of international law; 
(12) encourage the deepening of partnerships 
with other countries in the region for maritime do-
main awareness and capacity building, as well as ef-
forts by the United States Government to explore the 
development of appropriate multilateral mechanisms 
for a ‘‘common operating picture’’ in the South China 
Sea among Southeast Asian countries that would 
serve to help countries avoid destabilizing behavior 
and deter risky and dangerous activities; 
(13) oppose actions by any country to prevent 
any other country from exercising its sovereign rights 
to the resources of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) 
and continental shelf by making claims to those areas 
in the South China Sea that have no support in 
international law; and 
(14) assure the continuity of operations by the 
United States in the Indo-Pacific region, including, 
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when appropriate, in cooperation with partners and 
allies, to reaffirm freedom of navigation and over-
flight and other lawful uses of the sea. 
SEC. 224. REPORT ON CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT OF INDO- 
PACIFIC ALLIES AND PARTNERS. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the Secretary of State should expand and 
strengthen existing measures under the United States 
Conventional Arms Transfer Policy to provide capa-
bilities to allies and partners consistent with agreed- 
on division of responsibility for alliance roles, mis-
sions and capabilities, prioritizing allies and part-
ners in the Indo-Pacific region in accordance with 
United States strategic imperatives; 
(2) the United States should design for export to 
Indo-Pacific allies and partners capabilities critical 
to maintaining a favorable military balance in the 
region, including long-range precision fires, air and 
missile defense systems, anti-ship cruise missiles, land 
attack cruise missiles, conventional hypersonic sys-
tems, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance 
capabilities, and command and control systems con-
sistent with law, regulation, policy, and international 
commitments; 
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(3) the United States should pursue, to the max-
imum extent possible, anticipatory technology secu-
rity and foreign disclosure policy on the systems de-
scribed in paragraph (2); 
(4) the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Secretary of Defense, should— 
(A) urge allies and partners to invest in 
sufficient quantities of munitions to meet contin-
gency requirements and avoid the need for ac-
cessing United States stocks in wartime; and 
(B) cooperate with allies to deliver such mu-
nitions, or when necessary, to increase allies’ ca-
pacity to produce such munitions; and 
(5) it is in the United States interest to not au-
thorize arms transfers or security cooperation to gov-
ernments that demonstrate patterns of gross violations 
of human rights if such arms or security cooperation 
could be used to commit or support such violations. 
(b) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES
OF CONGRESS.—In 
this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ 
means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the Senate; and 
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(2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Ap-
propriations of the House of Representatives. 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-
gress a report that describes United States priorities 
for building more capable security partners in the 
Indo-Pacific region. 
(2) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The report re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall— 
(A) provide a priority list of defense and 
military capabilities that Indo-Pacific allies and 
partners must possess for the United States to be 
able to achieve its military objectives in the 
Indo-Pacific region; 
(B) identify, from the list referred to in sub-
paragraph (A), the capabilities that are best pro-
vided, or can only be provided, by the United 
States; 
(C) identify— 
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(i) actions required to expedite fielding 
the capabilities identified in subparagraph 
(B); and 
(ii) steps needed to fully account for 
and a plan to integrate all means of United 
States foreign military sales, direct com-
mercial sales, security assistance, and all 
applicable authorities of the Department of 
State and the Department of Defense; 
(D) assess the requirements for United 
States security assistance, including Inter-
national Military Education and Training, in 
the Indo-Pacific region, as a part of the means 
to deliver critical partner capability require-
ments identified in subparagraph (B); 
(E) assess the resources necessary to meet 
the requirements for United States security as-
sistance, and identify resource gaps; 
(F) assess the major obstacles to fulfilling 
requirements for United States security assist-
ance in the Indo-Pacific region, including re-
sources and personnel limits, foreign legislative 
and policy barriers, and factors related to spe-
cific partner countries; 
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(G) identify limitations on the ability of the 
United States to provide such capabilities, in-
cluding capabilities identified under subpara-
graph (B), because of existing United States 
treaty obligations, United States policies, includ-
ing sections 502B and 620M of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304 and 
2378d), or other regulations; 
(H) recommend improvements to the process 
for developing requirements for United States 
partner capabilities; and 
(I) identify required jointly agreed rec-
ommendations for infrastructure and posture, 
based on any ongoing mutual dialogues. 
(3) FORM.—The report required under this sub-
section shall be unclassified, but may include a classi-
fied annex. 
SEC. 225. STATEMENT OF POLICY REGARDING THE THREAT 
POSED BY THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY 
TO THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZA-
TION. 
It is the policy of the United States to— 
(1) urge NATO allies to work closely with like- 
minded partners, in particular with the European 
Union, to protect critical infrastructure, strengthen 
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resilience, maintain a technological edge, and address 
the challenges to the rules-based international order 
posed by the Chinese Communist Party; 
(2) encourage NATO allies to explore how to 
monitor and defend against any activity of the Chi-
nese Communist Party that could impact collective 
defense, military readiness, or resilience in the Su-
preme Allied Commander Europe’s Area of Responsi-
bility, including by identifying vulnerabilities of key 
sectors and supply chains, in coordination with the 
European Union; 
(3) push for NATO allies to establish a consult-
ative body to bring together such allies, and other in-
stitutions and partners as relevant, to exchange infor-
mation, share experiences, and discuss all aspects of 
such allies’ security interests with respect to the Chi-
nese Communist Party; and 
(4) prioritize urging all NATO allies to share the 
burden that comes with collective security in an in-
creasingly complex security environment by reaching 
by 2024 the pledge set at the 2014 Wales Summit to 
spend two percent of GDP on defense spending and 
20 percent of annual defense spending on major new 
equipment. 
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SEC. 226. IDENTIFICATION OF PLA–SUPPORTED INSTITU-
TIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 
the Secretary of State shall publish and disseminate to 
United States institutions and places of study a list identi-
fying the research, engineering, and scientific institutions 
that the Secretary determines are affiliated with, or funded 
by, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. 
(b) FORM.—The list published and disseminated under 
subsection (a) shall be unclassified and publicly accessible, 
but may include a classified annex. 
Subtitle C—Multilateral Strategies 
to Bolster American Power 
SEC. 231. FINDINGS ON MULTILATERAL ENGAGEMENT. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) Every UN member state is legally required to 
finance the UN’s core budget in order to ensure that 
these missions are properly resourced, and assessment 
rates are renegotiated every three years by the UN 
General Assembly. 
(2) While the United States is the largest single 
financial contributor to the UN system, the current 
model is beneficial because it requires all UN member 
states, no matter how big or small, to help shoulder 
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the UN’s regular and peacekeeping budgets at speci-
fied levels. 
(3) Failing to meet our financial commitments 
to the UN also empowers the PRC, which has raised 
our annual shortfalls to claim we are not a reliable 
partner and is seeking to leverage its own contribu-
tions to the regular budget and peacekeeping in ways 
that run counter to United States interests and val-
ues. 
(4) The People’s Republic of China is now the 
second largest financial contributor to UN peace-
keeping, having gone from an assessment rate of just 
3 percent in 2008 to more than 15 percent today, and 
is the ninth largest troop-contributor to UN missions, 
providing more personnel than the other four perma-
nent members of the Security Council combined. 
(5) With greater engagement comes greater influ-
ence, and PRC diplomats have sought to use their ex-
panded clout to push back against the human rights, 
civilian protection, and gender-based violence aspects 
of UN peacekeeping mandates, using United States 
funding shortfalls as a pretext. 
(6) The PRC has also used its growing clout to 
fill key posts at UN agencies: Chinese nationals cur-
rently occupy the top posts of four of the UN’s 15 spe-
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cialized agencies, while the United States occupies 
only one. 
(7) From 2021 to 2022, there will be 15 elections 
for the heads of UN specialized agencies and five for 
major UN funds and programs. With the exception of 
the World Food Programme, none are currently led by 
Americans. 
(8) A 2020 Department of State Inspector Gen-
eral Inspection found that the Bureau for Inter-
national Organizations did not have a standard oper-
ating procedure for tracking and promoting the em-
ployment of American Citizens in the UN system, and 
their recommendation to the department to establish 
one remains open. 
SEC. 232. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON AMERICA’S MULTILAT-
ERAL ENGAGEMENT. 
It is the policy of the United States that— 
(1) the Permanent Representative of the United 
States to the United Nations serves as a standing 
member of the cabinet; 
(2) assessed dues to multilateral organizations be 
paid in full in a timely fashion; 
(3) Federal agencies utilize all the authorities 
under section 3343 of title 5, United States Code, and 
subpart C of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations (re-
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lating to detail and transfer of Federal employees to 
international organizations), to detail or transfer em-
ployees to relevant international organizations; 
(4) the Secretary of State should assist the De-
partment of State and other Federal agencies in car-
rying out paragraph (3) to the fullest extent; 
(5) the Secretary of State should support quali-
fied American candidates in their bid to win election 
to United Nations-related leadership positions; and 
(6) the Secretary of State should support the 
placement of Junior Professional Officers sponsored 
by the United States in United Nations-affiliated 
agencies. 
SEC. 233. SUPPORT FOR AMERICANS AT THE UNITED NA-
TIONS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State is au-
thorized to establish within the Department of State’s Bu-
reau of International Organization Affairs an Office of 
Multilateral Strategy and Personnel. 
(b) DUTIES.—The office established under subsection 
(a) of this section shall be responsible for— 
(1) promoting United States leadership and par-
ticipation in the United Nations system, with a focus 
on issue areas where authoritarian nations are exer-
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cising increased influence in and determining the 
agenda of the United Nations system; 
(2) establishing and implementing a standard 
operating procedure for the promotion and efficient 
tracking of United States citizen employment at the 
United Nations and other international organizations 
that includes Mission Geneva; 
(3) monitoring the pipeline of United Nations 
jobs and identifying qualified United States citizens 
and other qualified nationals to promote for such po-
sitions; 
(4) tracking leadership changes in United Na-
tions Secretariat, funds, programs, and agencies, and 
developing strategies to ensure that coalitions of like- 
minded countries are assembled to ensure leadership 
races are not won by countries that do not share 
United States interests; 
(5) eliminating current barriers to the employ-
ment of United States citizens in the United Nations 
Secretariat, funds, programs, and agencies; and 
(6) increasing the number of qualified United 
States candidates for leadership and oversight posi-
tions at the United Nations Secretariat, funds, pro-
grams, agencies, and at other international organiza-
tions. 
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SEC. 234. JUNIOR PROFESSIONAL OFFICERS. 
(a) INCREASE IN JUNIOR PROFESSIONAL OFFICER PO-
SITIONS.—The Secretary of State should increase the num-
ber of Junior Professional Officer positions sponsored by 
the United States within the United Nations system. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than December 31 of each 
year, the Secretary of State shall provide the appropriate 
congressional 
committees 
information 
regarding 
the 
amount of funding each bureau has designated during the 
immediately preceding fiscal year for Junior Professional 
Officer positions in the United Nations system and the 
number of such positions that exist as of the end of the prior 
fiscal year. 
SEC. 235. REPORT ON AMERICAN EMPLOYMENT IN INTER-
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, 
the Secretary of State, in consultation with the heads of 
other Federal departments and agencies as appropriate, 
shall develop and submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report on how many Federal employees are 
currently detailed or transferred to an international orga-
nization during the immediately preceding 1-year period 
and a strategy for increasing the number of Federal em-
ployees so detailed or transferred. 
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(b) MATTERS
TO BE INCLUDED.—Each report re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) The number of Federal employees detailed or 
transferred to an international organization under 
section 3343 of title 5, United States Code, and sub-
part C of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations (relat-
ing to the detail and transfer of Federal employees to 
international organizations), including— 
(A) an identification of the Federal agency 
from which such employees were detailed or 
transferred; and 
(B) an identification of the international 
organizations to and from which such employees 
have been so detailed or transferred. 
(2) A list of international organizations to and 
from which the United States previously detailed or 
transferred Federal employees. 
Subtitle D—Regional Strategies to 
Bolster American Power 
SEC. 241. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON COOPERATION WITH 
ALLIES AND PARTNERS AROUND THE WORLD. 
It is the policy of the United States— 
(1) to strengthen alliances and partnerships with 
like-minded countries around the globe; and 
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(2) to work in collaboration with such allies and 
partners— 
(A) to address significant diplomatic, eco-
nomic, and military challenges posed by the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China (PRC); 
(B) to deter the PRC from pursuing mili-
tary aggression; 
(C) to promote the peaceful resolution of ter-
ritorial disputes in accordance with inter-
national law; 
(D) to promote private sector-led long-term 
economic development while countering efforts by 
the Government of the PRC to leverage predatory 
economic practices as a means of political and 
economic coercion in the Indo-Pacific region and 
beyond; 
(E) to promote the values of democracy and 
human rights, including through efforts to end 
the repression by the PRC of political dissidents, 
Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities, Tibetan 
Buddhists, Christians, and other ethnic minori-
ties; 
(F) to respond to the crackdown by the 
PRC, in contravention of the commitments made 
under the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 
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and the Basic Law of Hong Kong, on the legiti-
mate aspirations of the people of Hong Kong; 
and 
(G) to counter the PRC Government’s efforts 
to spread disinformation in the PRC and beyond 
with respect to its response to COVID–19. 
PART I—WESTERN HEMISPHERE 
SEC. 242. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING UNITED 
STATES-CANADA RELATIONS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the United States and Canada have a unique 
relationship based on shared geography, extensive per-
sonal connections, deep economic ties, mutual defense 
commitments, and a shared vision to uphold democ-
racy, human rights, and the rules based international 
order established after World War II; 
(2) the United States and Canada can better ad-
dress the People’s Republic of China’s economic, polit-
ical, and security influence through closer cooperation 
on 
counternarcotics, 
environmental 
stewardship, 
transparent practices in public procurement and in-
frastructure 
planning, 
the 
Arctic, 
energy 
and 
connectivity issues, trade and commercial relations, 
bilateral legal matters, and support for democracy, 
good governance, and human rights; 
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(3) amidst the COVID–19 pandemic, the United 
States and Canada should maintain joint initiatives 
to address border management, commercial and trade 
relations and infrastructure, a shared approach with 
respect to the People’s Republic of China, and 
transnational challenges, including pandemics, energy 
security, and environmental stewardship; 
(4) the United States and Canada should en-
hance cooperation to counter Chinese disinformation, 
influence operations, economic espionage, and propa-
ganda efforts; 
(5) the People’s Republic of China’s infrastruc-
ture investments, particularly in 5G telecommuni-
cations technology, extraction of natural resources, 
and port infrastructure, pose national security risks 
for the United States and Canada; 
(6) the United States should share, as appro-
priate, intelligence gathered regarding— 
(A) Huawei’s 5G capabilities; and 
(B) the PRC government’s intentions with 
respect to 5G expansion; 
(7) the United States and Canada should con-
tinue to advance collaborative initiatives to imple-
ment the January 9, 2020, United States-Canada 
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Joint Action Plan on Critical Minerals Development 
Collaboration; and 
(8) the United States and Canada should 
prioritize cooperation on continental defense and in 
the Arctic, including by modernizing the North Amer-
ican Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) sensor 
architecture to provide effective warning and tracking 
of threats by peer competitors, including long-range 
missiles and high-precision weapons, to the Northern 
Hemisphere. 
SEC. 243. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING CHINA’S ARBI-
TRARY IMPRISONMENT OF CANADIAN CITI-
ZENS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the Government of the People’s Republic of 
China’s apparent arbitrary detention and abusive 
treatment of Canadian nationals Michael Spavor and 
Michael Kovrig in apparent retaliation for the Gov-
ernment of Canada’s arrest of Meng Wanzhou is deep-
ly concerning; 
(2) the Government of Canada has shown inter-
national leadership by— 
(A) upholding the rule of law and com-
plying with its international legal obligations, 
including obligations pursuant to the Extra-
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dition Treaty Between the United States of 
America and Canada, signed at Washington De-
cember 3, 1971; and 
(B) launching the Declaration Against Ar-
bitrary Detention in State-to-State Relations, 
which has been endorsed by 57 countries and the 
European Union, and reaffirms well-established 
prohibitions under international human rights 
conventions against the arbitrary detention of 
foreign nationals to be used as leverage in coun-
try-to-country relations; and 
(3) the United States continues to join the Gov-
ernment of Canada in calling for the immediate re-
lease of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig and for 
due 
process 
for 
Canadian 
national 
Robert 
Schellenberg. 
SEC. 244. STRATEGY TO ENHANCE COOPERATION WITH 
CANADA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees, and the Com-
mittees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of 
Representatives, a strategy that describes how the United 
States will enhance cooperation with the Government of 
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Canada in managing relations with the Government of the 
People’s Republic of China. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required under sub-
section (a) shall— 
(1) identify key policy points of convergence and 
divergence between the United States and Canada in 
managing relations with the People’s Republic of 
China in the areas of technology, trade, economic 
practices, cyber security, secure supply chains and 
critical minerals, and illicit narcotics; 
(2) include a description of United States devel-
opment and coordination efforts with Canadian coun-
terparts to enhance the cooperation between the 
United States and Canada with respect to— 
(A) managing economic relations with the 
People’s Republic of China; 
(B) democracy and human rights in the 
People’s Republic of China; 
(C) technology issues involving the People’s 
Republic of China; 
(D) defense issues involving the People’s Re-
public of China; and 
(E) international law enforcement and 
transnational organized crime issues; 
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(3) detail diplomatic efforts and future plans to 
work with Canada to counter the People’s Republic of 
China’s projection of an authoritarian governing 
model around the world; 
(4) detail diplomatic, defense, and intelligence 
cooperation to date and future plans to support Ca-
nadian efforts to identify cost-effective alternatives to 
Huawei’s 5G technology; 
(5) detail diplomatic and defense collaboration— 
(A) to advance joint United States-Cana-
dian priorities for responsible stewardship in the 
Arctic Region; and 
(B) to counter the People’s Republic of Chi-
na’s efforts to project political, economic, and 
military influence into the Arctic Region; and 
(6) detail diplomatic efforts to work with Can-
ada to track and counter the People’s Republic of Chi-
na’s attempts to exert influence across the multilat-
eral system. 
(c) FORM.—The strategy required under this section 
shall be submitted in an unclassified form that can be made 
available to the public, but may include a classified annex, 
if necessary. 
(d) CONSULTATION.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently 
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than every 180 days thereafter for five years, the Secretary 
of State shall consult with the appropriate congressional 
committees, and the Committees on Armed Services of the 
Senate and the House of Representatives, regarding the de-
velopment and implementation of the strategy required 
under this section. 
SEC. 245. STRATEGY TO STRENGTHEN ECONOMIC COMPETI-
TIVENESS, GOVERNANCE, HUMAN RIGHTS, 
AND THE RULE OF LAW IN LATIN AMERICA 
AND THE CARIBBEAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 
in consultation, as appropriate, with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator of 
the United States Agency for International Development 
(USAID), the Attorney General, the United States Trade 
Representative, and the Chief Executive Officer of the 
United States International Development Finance Corpora-
tion, shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees, the Committee on Ways and Means and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the 
Committee on Finance and the Committee on Appropria-
tions of the Senate a multi-year strategy for increasing 
United States economic competitiveness and promoting 
good governance, human rights, and the rule of law in 
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Latin American and Caribbean countries, particularly in 
the areas of— 
(1) investment; 
(2) equitable, inclusive, and sustainable develop-
ment; 
(3) commercial relations; 
(4) anti-corruption activities; and 
(5) infrastructure projects. 
(b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The strategy required 
under subsection (a) shall include a plan of action, includ-
ing benchmarks to achieve measurable progress, to— 
(1) enhance the technical capacity of Latin 
American and Caribbean countries to advance the 
sustainable and inclusive development of equitable 
economies; 
(2) reduce trade and non-tariff barriers between 
such countries; 
(3) facilitate a more open, transparent, and com-
petitive environment for United States businesses in 
the region; 
(4) establish frameworks or mechanisms to re-
view long term financial sustainability and security 
implications of foreign investments in strategic sec-
tors or services, including transportation, commu-
nications, natural resources, and energy; 
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(5) establish competitive, transparent, and inclu-
sive infrastructure project selection and procurement 
processes that promote transparency, supplier diver-
sity, open competition, financial sustainability, ad-
herence to robust global standards, and the employ-
ment of a diverse local workforce and management; 
(6) strengthen legal structures critical to robust 
democratic governance, fair competition, combatting 
corruption, and ending impunity; and 
(7) enhance transparent, affordable, and equi-
table access to the internet and digital infrastructure 
in the Western Hemisphere. 
(c) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than one 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act and annu-
ally thereafter for five years, the Secretary of State, after 
consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Sec-
retary of Commerce, the Attorney General, the United 
States Trade Representative, and the leadership of the 
United States International Development Finance Corpora-
tion, shall brief the congressional committees specified in 
subsection (a) regarding the implementation of this section, 
including examples of successes and challenges. 
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SEC. 246. ENGAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA-
TIONS AND THE DEFENSE SECTOR IN LATIN 
AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN. 
(a) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees 
of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate; 
(2) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate; 
(3) the Committee on Armed Services of the Sen-
ate; 
(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives; 
(5) the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives; and 
(6) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
House of Representatives. 
(b) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Director of National 
Intelligence, the Director of the Central Intelligence 
Agency, and the Defense Intelligence Agency, shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
report that assesses the nature, intent, and impact on 
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United States strategic interests of Chinese diplomatic 
activity aimed at influencing the decisions, proce-
dures, and programs of multilateral organizations in 
Latin America and the Caribbean, including the 
World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organi-
zation of American States, and the Inter-American 
Development Bank. 
(2) DEFENSE
SECTOR.—The report required 
under paragraph (1) shall include an assessment of 
the nature, intent, and impact on United States stra-
tegic interests of Chinese military activity in Latin 
America and the Caribbean, including military edu-
cation and training programs, weapons sales, and 
space-related activities in the military or civilian 
spheres, such as— 
(A) the satellite and space control station 
the People’s Republic of China constructed in 
Argentina; and 
(B) defense and security cooperation carried 
out by the People’s Republic of China in Latin 
America and the Caribbean, including sales of 
surveillance and monitoring technology to gov-
ernments in the region such as Venezuela, Cuba, 
Ecuador, and Colombia, and the potential use of 
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such technologies as tools of Chinese intelligence 
services. 
(3) FORM.—The report required under para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form and 
include classified annexes. 
SEC. 247. DEFENSE COOPERATION IN LATIN AMERICA AND 
THE CARIBBEAN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated to the Department of State $13,500,000 for the 
International Military Education and Training Program 
for Latin America and the Caribbean for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026. 
(b) MODERNIZATION.—The Secretary of State shall 
modernize and strengthen the programs receiving funding 
in accordance with subsection (a) to ensure that such pro-
grams are vigorous, substantive, and the preeminent choice 
for international military education and training for Latin 
American and Caribbean partners. 
(c) REQUIRED ELEMENTS.—The programs referred to 
in subsection (a) shall— 
(1) provide training and capacity-building op-
portunities to Latin American and Caribbean secu-
rity services; 
(2) provide practical skills and frameworks for— 
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(A) improving the functioning and organi-
zation of security services in Latin America and 
the Caribbean; 
(B) creating a better understanding of the 
United States and its values; and 
(C) using technology for maximum effi-
ciency and organization; 
(3) promote and ensure that security services in 
Latin America and the Caribbean respect civilian au-
thority and operate in compliance with international 
norms, standards, and rules of engagement, including 
a respect for human rights, and full compliance with 
requirements under section 620M of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2378d; commonly re-
ferred to as the ‘‘Leahy law’’); and 
(4) receive funds only after vetting of individuals 
proposed to be trained, consistent with sections 502B 
and 620M of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2304 and 2378d). 
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SEC. 248. ENGAGEMENT WITH CIVIL SOCIETY IN LATIN 
AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN REGARDING 
ACCOUNTABILITY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE 
RISKS OF PERVASIVE SURVEILLANCE TECH-
NOLOGIES. 
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress 
that— 
(1) the Government of the People’s Republic of 
China is exporting its model for internal security and 
state control of society through advanced technology 
and artificial intelligence; and 
(2) the inclusion of communication networks and 
communications supply chains with equipment and 
services from companies with close ties to or that are 
susceptible to pressure from governments or security 
services without reliable legal checks on governmental 
powers can lead to breaches of citizens’ private infor-
mation, increased censorship, violations of human 
rights, and harassment of political opponents. 
(b) DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT.—The Secretary of 
State shall conduct diplomatic engagement with govern-
ments and civil society organizations in Latin America and 
the Caribbean to— 
(1) help identify and mitigate the risks to civil 
liberties posed by technologies and services described 
in subsection (a); and 
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(2) offer recommendations on ways to mitigate 
such risks. 
(c) INTERNET FREEDOM PROGRAMS.—The Chief Exec-
utive Officer of the United States Agency for Global Media, 
who may work through the Open Technology Fund of the 
Agency, and the Secretary of State, working through the 
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor’s Internet 
Freedom and Business and Human Rights Section, shall 
expand and prioritize efforts to provide anti-censorship 
technology and services to journalists in Latin America and 
the Caribbean, in order to enhance their ability to safely 
access or share digital news and information. 
(d) SUPPORT FOR CIVIL SOCIETY.—The Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United 
States Agency for International Development, shall work 
through nongovernmental organizations to— 
(1) support and promote programs that support 
internet freedom and the free flow of information on-
line in Latin America and the Caribbean; 
(2) protect open, interoperable, secure, and reli-
able access to internet in Latin America and the Car-
ibbean; 
(3) provide integrated support to civil society for 
technology, digital safety, policy and advocacy, and 
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(3) LOCAL CONSULTATIONS.—Programs, projects, 
and activities supported by assistance provided under 
this subsection shall require consultations with local 
communities, particularly the most vulnerable com-
munities and populations in such communities, and 
indigenous peoples in areas in which any programs, 
projects, or activities are planned to engage such com-
munities and peoples through adequate disclosure of 
information, public participation, and consultation, 
including full consideration of the interdependence of 
vulnerable communities and ecosystems to promote 
the resilience of local communities. 
(g) BILATERAL ASSISTANCE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except to the extent incon-
sistent with this subsection, the administrative au-
thorities under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) shall apply to the implementa-
tion of this subsection to the same extent and in the 
same manner as such authorities apply to the imple-
mentation of such Act in order to provide the Admin-
istrator of USAID with the authority to provide as-
sistance to countries, including the most vulnerable 
developing countries, for programs, projects, and ac-
tivities consistent with the purposes described in sub-
section (b) and the policy described in subsection (e). 
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