‘‘(1) PARTICIPATION.—As early as practicable 
during the environmental review, but no later than 
during scoping for a project requiring the prepara-
tion of an environmental impact statement, the lead 
agency shall provide an opportunity for involvement 
by cooperating agencies in determining the range of 
alternatives to be considered for a project. 
‘‘(2) RANGE
OF
ALTERNATIVES.—Following 
participation under paragraph (1), the lead agency 
shall determine the range of alternatives for consid-
eration in any document which the lead agency is re-
sponsible for preparing for the project, subject to the 
following limitations: 
‘‘(A) NO EVALUATION OF CERTAIN ALTER-
NATIVES.—No Federal agency shall evaluate 
any alternative that was identified but not car-
ried forward for detailed evaluation in an envi-
ronmental document or evaluated and not se-
lected in any environmental document prepared 
under NEPA for the same project. 
‘‘(B) 
ONLY
FEASIBLE
ALTERNATIVES 
EVALUATED.—Where a project is being con-
structed, managed, funded, or undertaken by a 
project sponsor that is not a Federal agency, 
Federal agencies shall only be required to evalu-
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ate alternatives that the project sponsor could 
feasibly undertake, consistent with the purpose 
of and the need for the project, including alter-
natives that can be undertaken by the project 
sponsor and that are technically and economi-
cally feasible. 
‘‘(3) METHODOLOGIES.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The lead agency shall 
determine, in collaboration with cooperating 
agencies at appropriate times during the envi-
ronmental review, the methodologies to be used 
and the level of detail required in the analysis 
of each alternative for a project. The lead agen-
cy shall include in the environmental document 
a description of the methodologies used and 
how the methodologies were selected. 
‘‘(B) NO EVALUATION OF INAPPROPRIATE 
ALTERNATIVES.—When a lead agency deter-
mines that an alternative does not meet the 
purpose and need for a project, that alternative 
is not required to be evaluated in detail in an 
environmental document. 
‘‘(4) PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE.—At the dis-
cretion of the lead agency, the preferred alternative 
for a project, after being identified, may be devel-
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oped to a higher level of detail than other alter-
natives in order to facilitate the development of miti-
gation measures or concurrent compliance with other 
applicable laws if the lead agency determines that 
the development of such higher level of detail will 
not prevent the lead agency from making an impar-
tial decision as to whether to accept another alter-
native which is being considered in the environ-
mental review. 
‘‘(5) EMPLOYMENT ANALYSIS.—The evaluation 
of each alternative in an environmental impact state-
ment or an environmental assessment shall identify 
the potential effects of the alternative on employ-
ment, including potential short-term and long-term 
employment increases and reductions and shifts in 
employment. 
‘‘(h) COORDINATION AND SCHEDULING.— 
‘‘(1) COORDINATION PLAN.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The lead agency shall 
establish and implement a plan for coordinating 
public and agency participation in and comment 
on the environmental review for a project or 
category of projects to facilitate the expeditious 
resolution of the environmental review. 
‘‘(B) SCHEDULE.— 
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‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The lead agency 
shall establish as part of the coordination 
plan for a project, after consultation with 
each participating agency and, where appli-
cable, the project sponsor, a schedule for 
completion of the environmental review. 
The schedule shall include deadlines, con-
sistent with subsection (i), for decisions 
under any other Federal laws (including 
the issuance or denial of a permit or li-
cense) relating to the project that is cov-
ered by the schedule. 
‘‘(ii) 
FACTORS
FOR
CONSIDER-
ATION.—In establishing the schedule, the 
lead agency shall consider factors such 
as— 
‘‘(I) the responsibilities of par-
ticipating agencies under applicable 
laws; 
‘‘(II) resources available to the 
participating agencies; 
‘‘(III) overall size and complexity 
of the project; 
‘‘(IV) overall schedule for and 
cost of the project; 
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‘‘(V) the sensitivity of the natural 
and historic resources that could be 
affected by the project; and 
‘‘(VI) the extent to which similar 
projects in geographic proximity were 
recently subject to environmental re-
view or similar State procedures. 
‘‘(iii) COMPLIANCE WITH THE SCHED-
ULE.— 
‘‘(I) All participating agencies 
shall comply with the time periods es-
tablished in the schedule or with any 
modified time periods, where the lead 
agency modifies the schedule pursuant 
to subparagraph (D). 
‘‘(II) The lead agency shall dis-
regard and shall not respond to or in-
clude in any document prepared under 
NEPA, any comment or information 
submitted or any finding made by a 
participating agency that is outside of 
the time period established in the 
schedule or modification pursuant to 
subparagraph (D) for that agency’s 
comment, submission or finding. 
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‘‘(III) If a participating agency 
fails to object in writing to a lead 
agency decision, finding or request for 
concurrence within the time period es-
tablished under law or by the lead 
agency, the agency shall be deemed to 
have concurred in the decision, finding 
or request. 
‘‘(C) CONSISTENCY WITH OTHER TIME PE-
RIODS.—A schedule under subparagraph (B) 
shall be consistent with any other relevant time 
periods established under Federal law. 
‘‘(D) MODIFICATION.—The lead agency 
may— 
‘‘(i) lengthen a schedule established 
under subparagraph (B) for good cause; 
and 
‘‘(ii) shorten a schedule only with the 
concurrence of the cooperating agencies. 
‘‘(E) DISSEMINATION.—A copy of a sched-
ule under subparagraph (B), and of any modi-
fications to the schedule, shall be— 
‘‘(i) provided within 15 days of com-
pletion or modification of such schedule to 
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