I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3756 
To combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing at its sources globally. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 5, 2025 
Mr. CRENSHAW (for himself, Mr. MAGAZINER, and Mr. BEGICH) introduced 
the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Re-
sources, and in addition to the Committees on Foreign Affairs, Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure, the Judiciary, and Ways and Means, for a pe-
riod to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for con-
sideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com-
mittee concerned 
A BILL 
To combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing at 
its sources globally. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Fighting Foreign Ille-
gal Seafood Harvests Act of 2025’’ or the ‘‘FISH Act of 
2025’’. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
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(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—Unless otherwise pro-
vided, the term ‘‘Administrator’’ means the Adminis-
trator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration or the designee of the Administrator. 
(2) BENEFICIAL OWNER.—The term ‘‘beneficial 
owner’’ means, with respect to a vessel, a person 
that, directly or indirectly, through any contract, ar-
rangement, understanding, relationship, or other-
wise— 
(A) exercises substantial control over the 
vessel; or 
(B) owns not less than 50 percent of the 
ownership interests in the vessel. 
(3) FISH.—The term ‘‘fish’’ means finfish, 
crustaceans, and mollusks. 
(4) FORCED LABOR.—The term ‘‘forced labor’’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 307 of 
the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307). 
(5) IUU FISHING.—The term ‘‘IUU fishing’’ 
means activities described as illegal fishing, unre-
ported fishing, or unregulated fishing in paragraph 
3 of the International Plan of Action to Prevent, 
Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Un-
regulated Fishing, adopted at the 24th Session of 
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the Committee on Fisheries in Rome on March 2, 
2001. 
(6) REGIONAL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT ORGA-
NIZATION.—The terms ‘‘regional fisheries manage-
ment organization’’ and ‘‘RFMO’’ have the meaning 
given the terms in section 303 of the Port State 
Measures Agreement Act of 2015 (16 U.S.C. 7402). 
(7) SEAFOOD.—The term ‘‘seafood’’ means 
fish, shellfish, processed fish, fish meal, shellfish 
products, and all other forms of marine animal and 
plant life other than marine mammals and birds. 
(8) SECRETARY.—Unless otherwise provided, 
the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Com-
merce acting through the Administrator of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or 
the designee of the Administrator. 
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States to partner, con-
sult, and coordinate with foreign governments (at the na-
tional and subnational levels), civil society, international 
organizations, international financial institutions, sub-
national coastal communities, commercial and recreational 
fishing industry leaders, communities that engage in 
artisanal or subsistence fishing, fishers, and the private 
sector, in a concerted effort— 
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(1) to continue the broad effort across the Fed-
eral Government to counter IUU fishing, including 
any potential links to forced labor, human traf-
ficking, and other threats to maritime security, as 
outlined in sections 3533 and 3534 of the Maritime 
SAFE Act (16 U.S.C. 8002 and 8003); and 
(2) to, additionally— 
(A) prioritize efforts to prevent IUU fish-
ing at its sources; and 
(B) support continued implementation of 
the Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries agreement, 
as well as joint research and follow-on actions 
that ensure sustainability of fish stocks in Arc-
tic international waters. 
SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF A BLACK LIST (IUU VESSEL 
LIST). 
Section 608 of the High Seas Driftnet Fishing Mora-
torium Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 1826i) is amended by 
striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c) BLACK LIST (IUU VESSEL LIST).— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordina-
tion with the Secretary of State, the Commissioner 
of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and the 
Secretary of Labor, shall develop, maintain, and 
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make public a list of foreign vessels, foreign fleets, 
and beneficial owners of foreign vessels or foreign 
fleets engaged in IUU fishing or fishing-related ac-
tivities in support of IUU fishing (referred to in this 
section as the ‘IUU vessel list’). 
‘‘(2) INCLUSION ON LIST.—The IUU vessel list 
shall include any foreign vessel, foreign fleet, or ben-
eficial owner of a foreign vessel or foreign fleet for 
which the Secretary determines there is clear and 
convincing evidence to believe that a foreign vessel 
is any of the following (even if the Secretary has 
only partial information regarding the foreign ves-
sel): 
‘‘(A) A foreign vessel listed on an IUU ves-
sel list of an international fishery management 
organization. 
‘‘(B) A foreign vessel taking part in fishing 
that undermines the effectiveness of an inter-
national fishery management organization’s 
conservation and management measures, in-
cluding a foreign vessel— 
‘‘(i) exceeding applicable international 
fishery management organization catch 
limits; or 
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‘‘(ii) that is operating inconsistent 
with relevant catch allocation arrange-
ments of the international fishery manage-
ment organization, even if operating under 
the authority of a foreign country that is 
not a member of the international fishery 
management organization. 
‘‘(C) A foreign vessel, either on the high 
seas or in the exclusive economic zone of an-
other country, identified and reported by 
United States authorities to an international 
fishery management organization to be con-
ducting IUU fishing when the United States 
has reason to believe the foreign country to 
which the foreign vessel is registered or docu-
mented is not addressing the allegation. 
‘‘(D) A foreign vessel, foreign fleet, or ben-
eficial owner of a foreign vessel or foreign fleet 
on the high seas identified by United States au-
thorities to be conducting IUU fishing or fish-
ing that involves the use of forced labor, includ-
ing individuals and entities subject to a with-
hold release order or a finding issued by U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection pursuant to 
section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 
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U.S.C. 1307) or any other U.S. Customs and 
Border Protection enforcement action, sanctions 
imposed by the Department of the Treasury 
under the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Ac-
countability Act (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.), or 
any other United States Government forced 
labor prevention or enforcement action that has 
not been subsequently revoked. 
‘‘(E) A foreign vessel that provides services 
(excluding emergency or enforcement services) 
to a foreign vessel that is on the IUU vessel 
list, including transshipment, resupply, refuel-
ing, or pilotage. 
‘‘(F) A foreign vessel that is a fishing ves-
sel engaged in commercial fishing within the ex-
clusive economic zone of the United States 
without a permit issued under title II of the 
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and 
Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1821 et seq.). 
‘‘(G) A foreign vessel that has the same 
beneficial owner as a foreign vessel on the IUU 
vessel list at the time of the infraction. 
‘‘(H) A foreign vessel or beneficial owner 
of a foreign vessel subject to economic sanctions 
administered by the Department of the Treas-
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ury Office of Foreign Assets Control for 
transnational criminal activity associated with 
IUU fishing under Executive Order 13581 (76 
Fed. Reg. 44757, 84 Fed. Reg. 10255; relating 
to blocking property of transnational criminal 
organizations), or any other applicable economic 
sanctions program, including sanctions imposed 
by the Department of the Treasury under the 
Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability 
Act (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.). 
‘‘(3) NOMINATIONS TO BE PUT ON THE BLACK 
(IUU
VESSEL)
LIST.—The Secretary may receive 
nominations for putting a foreign vessel on the IUU 
vessel list from— 
‘‘(A) the head of an executive branch agen-
cy that is a member of the Interagency Work-
ing Group on IUU Fishing established under 
section 3551 of the Maritime SAFE Act (16 
U.S.C. 8031); 
‘‘(B) a country that is a member of the 
Combined Maritime Forces; or 
‘‘(C) civil organizations that have data- 
sharing agreements with a member of the Inter-
agency Working Group on IUU Fishing. 
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‘‘(4) PROCEDURES FOR ADDITION.—The Sec-
retary may put a foreign vessel on the IUU vessel 
list only after notification to the foreign vessel’s ben-
eficial owner and a review of any information that 
the owner provides within 90 days of the notifica-
tion. 
‘‘(5) PUBLIC
INFORMATION.—The Secretary 
shall publish its procedures for adding foreign ves-
sels on, and removing foreign vessels from, the IUU 
vessel list. The Secretary shall publish the IUU ves-
sel list itself in the Federal Register annually and on 
a website, which shall be updated any time a foreign 
vessel is added to the IUU vessel list, and include 
the following information (as much as is available 
and confirmed) for each foreign vessel on the IUU 
vessel list: 
‘‘(A) The name of the foreign vessel and 
previous names of the foreign vessel. 
‘‘(B) The International Maritime Organi-
zation (IMO) number of the foreign vessel, or 
other Unique Vessel Identifier (such as the flag 
state permit number or authorized vessel num-
ber issued by an international fishery manage-
ment organization). 
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‘‘(C) The maritime mobile service identity 
number and call sign of the foreign vessel. 
‘‘(D) The business or corporate address of 
each beneficial owner of the foreign vessel. 
‘‘(E) The country where the foreign vessel 
is registered or documented, and where it was 
previously registered if known. 
‘‘(F) The date of inclusion on the IUU ves-
sel list of the foreign vessel. 
‘‘(G) Any other Unique Vessel Identifier 
(UVI), if applicable. 
‘‘(H) Any other identifying information on 
the foreign vessel, as determined appropriate by 
the Secretary. 
‘‘(I) The basis for the Secretary’s inclusion 
of the foreign vessel on the IUU vessel list 
under paragraph (2). 
‘‘(d) CONSEQUENCES
OF BEING
ON BLACK LIST 
(IUU VESSEL LIST).— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except for the purposes of 
inspection and enforcement or in case of force 
majeure, a foreign vessel on the IUU vessel list is 
prohibited from— 
‘‘(A) accessing United States ports and 
using port services; 
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‘‘(B) traveling through the United States 
territorial sea unless it is conducting innocent 
passage; and 
‘‘(C) delivering or receiving supplies or 
services, or transshipment, within waters sub-
ject to the jurisdiction of the United States, un-
less such prohibition would be inconsistent with 
customary international law. 
‘‘(2) SERVICING PROHIBITED.—No vessel of the 
United States may service a foreign vessel that is on 
the IUU vessel list, except in an emergency involving 
life and safety or to facilitate enforcement. 
‘‘(3) IMPORTS
PROHIBITED.—The import of 
seafood or seafood products caught, processed, or 
transported by foreign vessels on the IUU vessel list 
is prohibited and shall be subject to the enforcement 
provisions of section 606. 
‘‘(4) FISHING TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS.—It 
should be a priority for United States delegations 
to— 
‘‘(A) advocate for the incorporation of arti-
cles in international fishery management orga-
nizations providing identical or similar safe-
guards described in this section in new and up-
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dated bilateral or multilateral fishing treaties; 
and 
‘‘(B) encourage parties to international 
and regional fisheries organizations that the 
United States is party to, or holds observer sta-
tus, to take similar measures described in this 
section. 
‘‘(e) ENFORCEMENT OF BLACK LIST (IUU VESSEL 
LIST).— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), a foreign vessel on the IUU vessel list 
and the cargo of such vessel shall be subject to sei-
zure and forfeiture to the United States in the same 
manner as merchandise is forfeited for violation of 
the customs revenue laws. 
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—The cargo of seafood of a 
foreign vessel on the IUU vessel list shall not be 
subject to seizure and forfeiture to the United States 
if the cargo of seafood is in the possession of an im-
porter who has paid for the cargo of seafood and did 
not know, or did not have any reason to know, that 
the seafood was the product of IUU fishing. 
‘‘(f) PERMANENCY OF BLACK LIST (IUU VESSEL 
LIST).— 
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‘‘(B) STANDARDS.—The Secretary shall in-
clude in the standards set out for removal a de-
termination that the foreign vessel or foreign 
vessel owner has not engaged in IUU fishing or 
fishing that involves the use of forced labor dur-
ing the 5-year period preceding the date of the 
application for removal. The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of State and the 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection, shall de-
termine whether each application for removal 
demonstrates that sufficient corrective action 
has been taken to remediate the violations and 
infractions that led to the inclusion on the IUU 
vessel list. 
‘‘(C) CONSIDERATION
OF
RELEVANT
IN-
FORMATION.—In considering an application for 
removal, the Secretary shall consider relevant 
information from all sources. 
‘‘(4) REMOVAL DUE TO INTERNATIONAL FISH-
ERY
MANAGEMENT
ORGANIZATION
ACTION.—The 
Secretary may remove a foreign vessel from the IUU 
vessel list if the foreign vessel was put on the list be-
cause it was a foreign vessel listed on an IUU vessel 
list of an international fishery management organi-
zation, pursuant to subsection (c)(2)(A), and the 
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international fishery management organization re-
moved the foreign vessel from its IUU vessel list. 
‘‘(g) REGULATIONS AND PROCESS.—Not later than 
12 months after the date of enactment of the Fighting 
Foreign Illegal Seafood Harvests Act of 2025, the Sec-
retary shall issue regulations to set a process for estab-
lishing, maintaining, implementing, and publishing the 
IUU vessel list. The Administrator may add or remove a 
foreign vessel, foreign fleet, or beneficial owner of a for-
eign vessel or foreign fleet from the IUU vessel list on 
the date the foreign vessel becomes eligible for such addi-
tion or removal. 
‘‘(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—Unless otherwise pro-
vided, the term ‘Administrator’ means the Adminis-
trator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration or the designee of the Administrator. 
‘‘(2) BENEFICIAL
OWNER.—The term ‘bene-
ficial owner’ means, with respect to a vessel, a per-
son that, directly or indirectly, through any contract, 
arrangement, understanding, relationship, or other-
wise— 
‘‘(A) exercises substantial control over the 
vessel; or 
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‘‘(B) owns not less than 50 percent of the 
ownership interests in the vessel. 
‘‘(3) FORCED LABOR.—The term ‘forced labor’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 307 of 
the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307). 
‘‘(4) FOREIGN VESSEL.—The term ‘foreign ves-
sel’ has the meaning given the term in section 110 
of title 46, United States Code. 
‘‘(5) INTERNATIONAL
FISHERY
MANAGEMENT 
ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘international fishery 
management organization’ means an international 
organization established by any bilateral or multilat-
eral treaty, convention, or agreement for the con-
servation and management of fish. 
‘‘(6) IUU FISHING.—The term ‘IUU fishing’ 
means activities described as illegal fishing, unre-
ported fishing, or unregulated fishing in paragraph 
3 of the International Plan of Action to Prevent, 
Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Un-
regulated Fishing, adopted at the 24th Session of 
the Committee on Fisheries in Rome on March 2, 
2001. 
‘‘(7) SEAFOOD.—The term ‘seafood’ means 
fish, shellfish, processed fish, fish meal, shellfish 
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products, and all other forms of marine animal and 
plant life other than marine mammals and birds. 
‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of 
Commerce to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2025 through 2030.’’. 
SEC. 5. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION
FOR SANCTIONS.—The Sec-
retary of the Treasury may impose the measures described 
in subsection (b) with respect to— 
(1) any foreign person or foreign vessel, regard-
less of ownership, that the Secretary of the Treasury 
determines has participated in— 
(A) the sale, supply, purchase, or transfer 
(including transportation) of a fish species that 
is an endangered species, as defined in section 
of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
U.S.C. 1532), directly or indirectly; or 
(B) IUU fishing; 
(2) a leader or official of an entity that has en-
gaged in, or whose members have engaged in, any 
of the activities described in paragraph (1); 
(3) an entity determined to have owned, oper-
ated, chartered, or controlled a vessel whose per-
sonnel are engaged in the activities described in 
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paragraph (1) at a time period relating to the activi-
ties; 
(4) an entity that commits any action described 
in section 608(c) of the High Seas Driftnet Fishing 
Moratorium Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 1826i) as a 
basis to be put on the IUU vessel list under such 
section; and 
(5) an entity that has materially assisted, spon-
sored, or provided financial, material, or techno-
logical support for, or goods or services in support 
of, a foreign person or foreign vessel described in 
paragraph (1). 
(b) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions to be 
imposed under subsection (a) are the following: 
(1) 
BLOCKING
OF
PROPERTY.—Notwith-
standing section 202 of the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701), the exercise 
of all powers granted to the President by the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block 
and prohibit all transactions in all property and in-
terests in property of a foreign person or entity de-
scribed in subsection (a) including, to the extent ap-
propriate, the vessel of which the person is the bene-
ficial owner, if such property and interests in prop-
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erty are in the United States, come within the 
United States, or are or come within the possession 
or control of a United States person. 
(2) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR 
PAROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR
PAROLE.—A 
foreign person described in subsection (a) is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The visa or other 
entry documentation of a foreign person 
described in subsection (a) shall be re-
voked, regardless of when such visa or 
other entry documentation is or was 
issued. 
(ii) IMMEDIATE
EFFECT.—A revoca-
tion under clause (i) shall, in accordance 
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with section 221(i) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i))— 
(I) take effect; and 
(II) cancel any other valid visa or 
entry documentation that is in the 
person’s possession. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex-
ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 
and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 
this section. 
(2) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 
violation of this section or any regulation, license, or 
order issued to carry out this section shall be subject 
to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) 
of section 206 of the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same ex-
tent as a person that commits an unlawful act de-
scribed in subsection (a) of that section. 
(d) NATIONAL INTEREST WAIVER.—The President 
may waive the imposition of sanctions under this section 
with respect to a foreign person or entity. 
(e) EXCEPTIONS.— 
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(1) EXCEPTIONS
FOR
AUTHORIZED
INTEL-
LIGENCE
AND
LAW
ENFORCEMENT
ACTIVITIES.— 
This section shall not apply with respect to activities 
subject to the reporting requirements under title V 
of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence, law en-
forcement, or national security activities of the 
United States. 
(2) EXCEPTION
TO
COMPLY
WITH
INTER-
NATIONAL
AGREEMENTS.—Sanctions under sub-
section (b)(2) shall not apply with respect to the ad-
mission of an alien to the United States if such ad-
mission is necessary to comply with the obligations 
of the United States under the Agreement regarding 
the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at 
Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
November 21, 1947, between the United Nations 
and the United States, or the Convention on Con-
sular Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and 
entered into force March 19, 1967, or other inter-
national obligations. 
(3) EXCEPTION FOR SAFETY OF VESSELS AND 
CREW.—Sanctions under this section shall not apply 
with respect to a person or entity providing provi-
sions to a vessel identified under section 608(c) of 
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the High Seas Driftnet Fishing Moratorium Protec-
tion Act (16 U.S.C. 1826i) if such provisions are in-
tended for the safety and care of the crew aboard 
the vessel, or the maintenance of the vessel to avoid 
any environmental or other significant damage. 
(4) HUMANITARIAN
EXCEPTION.—The Presi-
dent may not impose sanctions under this section 
with respect to any person or entity for conducting 
or facilitating a transaction for the sale of agricul-
tural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices 
or for the provision of humanitarian assistance. 
(f) RULEMAKING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized 
to promulgate such rules and regulations as may be 
necessary to carry out the provisions of this section 
(which may include regulatory exceptions), including 
under section 205 of the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1704). 
(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this 
section, or in any amendment made by this section, 
may be construed to limit the authority of the Presi-
dent pursuant to the International Emergency Eco-
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.). 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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(1) ADMISSION; ADMITTED; ALIEN; LAWFULLY 
ADMITTED
FOR
PERMANENT
RESIDENCE.—The 
terms ‘‘admission’’, ‘‘admitted’’, ‘‘alien’’, and ‘‘law-
fully admitted for permanent residence’’ have the 
meanings given those terms in section 101 of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-
son’’ means an individual or entity that is not a 
United States person. 
(3) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ means— 
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 
United States; 
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or any jurisdiction within the 
United States, including a foreign branch of 
such an entity; or 
(C) any person in the United States. 
SEC. 6. AGREEMENTS. 
(a) PRESIDENTIAL NEGOTIATION.—In negotiating 
any relevant agreement with a foreign nation or nations 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the President is 
encouraged to consider the impacts on or to IUU fishing 
and fishing that involves the use of forced labor and strive 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
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