IB 
Union Calendar No. 269 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5214 
[Report No. 119–315] 
To require mandatory pretrial and post conviction detention for crimes of 
violence and dangerous crimes and require mandatory cash bail for 
certain offenses that pose a threat to public safety or order in the 
District of Columbia, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 8, 2025 
Ms. STEFANIK (for herself, Mr. JAMES, and Mr. MOORE of North Carolina) 
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
Oversight and Government Reform 
SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 
Additional sponsor: Mr. NEHLS 
SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on September 8, 2025] 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6652
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
A BILL 
To require mandatory pretrial and post conviction detention 
for crimes of violence and dangerous crimes and require 
mandatory cash bail for certain offenses that pose a 
threat to public safety or order in the District of Colum-
bia, and for other purposes. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6652
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘District of Columbia 
Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025’’. 
SEC. 2. MANDATORY PRETRIAL AND POST CONVICTION DE-
TENTION FOR CRIME OF VIOLENCE OR DAN-
GEROUS CRIME. 
(a) PRETRIAL DETENTION.—Section 23–1322, District 
of Columbia Official Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘with an of-
fense’’ and inserting ‘‘with an offense, other than a 
crime of violence or dangerous crime (as such terms 
are defined in section 1331 of this title),’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this sec-
tion, the judicial officer shall order each person charged 
with a crime of violence or a dangerous crime (as such 
terms are defined in section 1331 of this title) be detained 
for the period before trial.’’. 
(b) POST CONVICTION DETENTION.—Section 23–1325, 
District of Columbia Official Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘unless’’ and 
all that follows through ‘‘section 23–1321’’; and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
first degree, or burglary with a dangerous weapon’ ’’; 
and 
(2) by striking ‘‘robbery’’ and inserting ‘‘robbery 
in the first degree, attempted robbery in the first de-
gree, or robbery with a dangerous weapon’’. 
(e) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) REMOVAL OF CRIME OF VIOLENCE AND DAN-
GEROUS
CRIME
FROM
PRETRIAL
RELEASE
PROCE-
DURES.—Section 23–1322, District of Columbia Offi-
cial Code, is further amended— 
(A) in subsection (b)(1), by striking sub-
paragraph (A) and redesignating subparagraphs 
(B) through (D) as subparagraphs (A) through 
(C), respectively; 
(B) by amending subsection (c) to read as 
follows: 
‘‘(c) Subject to rebuttal by the person, it shall be pre-
sumed that no condition or combination of conditions of 
release will reasonably assure the safety of any other person 
and the community if the judicial officer finds that there 
is probable cause to believe that the person— 
‘‘(1) has threatened, injured, intimidated, or at-
tempted to threaten, injure, or intimidate a law en-
forcement officer, an officer of the court, or a prospec-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
tive witness or juror in any criminal investigation or 
judicial proceeding; 
‘‘(2) violated section 3 of the Act of July 8, 1932 
(sec. 22–4503, D.C. Official Code), section 4(a) of 
such Act (sec. 22–4504(a), D.C. Official Code), or sec-
tion 4(a-1) of such Act (sec. 22–4504(a)(1), D.C. Offi-
cial Code); or 
‘‘(3) violated the Firearm Control Regulations 
Act of 1975 (sec. 7–2508.01 et seq., D.C. Official 
Code) while on probation, parole, or supervised re-
lease for committing a dangerous crime or a crime of 
violence (as such terms are defined in section 1331 of 
this title) and while armed with or having readily 
available a firearm, imitation firearm, or other dead-
ly or dangerous weapon as described in section 2(a) 
of the Act of July 8, 1832 (sec. 22–4502(a), D.C. Offi-
cial Code).’’; 
(C) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ‘‘is a 
crime of’’ and all that follows through ‘‘, or’’; 
and 
(D) by striking subsection (f)(3). 
(2) REMOVAL OF MURDER OFFENSES FROM PRE-
TRIAL
RELEASE
PROCEDURES.—Section 23–1325, 
District of Columbia Official Code, as amended by 
subsection (b), is amended by striking subsection (a) 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
and redesignating subsections (b) through (e) as sub-
sections (a) through (d), respectively. 
SEC. 3. REQUIRING CASH BAIL FOR RELEASE OF INDIVID-
UALS CHARGED WITH PUBLIC SAFETY OR 
ORDER OFFENSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 23–1321, District of Co-
lumbia Official Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Re-
leased’’ and inserting ‘‘Except as provided under 
paragraph (5), released’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘; or’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) With respect to a person charged with a 
public safety or order crime (as such term is defined 
in section 1331 of this title), released only upon exe-
cution of a secured appearance bond (as such term is 
defined in section 1331 of this title) and subject to 
any requirement under subsections (b) and (c) of this 
section as the judicial officer may order.’’; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘or upon execu-
tion of an unsecured appearance bond in an amount 
specified by the court,’’ and inserting ‘‘upon execution 
of an unsecured appearance bond in an amount spec-
ified by the court, or upon a secured appearance bond 
under subsection (a)(5),’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(f) A person who is released upon the execution of 
an appearance bond with a surety, under subsection (a)(5), 
may be arrested by the surety, and if so arrested, shall be 
delivered promptly to a United States marshal and brought 
before a judicial officer in the District of Columbia. The 
judicial officer shall determine in accordance with the pro-
visions of this section 23–1322 whether to revoke the release 
of the person, and may absolve the surety of responsibility 
to pay all or part of the bond in accordance with the provi-
sions of Rule 46 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. 
The person so committed shall be held in official detention 
until released pursuant to this title or any other provision 
of law.’’. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.— 
(1) PUBLIC
SAFETY
OR
ORDER
CRIME
DE-
FINED.—Section 23–1331, District of Columbia Offi-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
cial Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(7) The term ‘public safety or order crime’ 
means failure to appear when ordered to do so by a 
judicial officer; obstruction of justice; fleeing from a 
law enforcement officer; rioting; inciting a riot; de-
struction of property; stalking; burglary or robbery 
(other than burglary or robbery in the first degree or 
with a dangerous weapon); or a previous conviction 
of any such offense, or substantially similar offense, 
under Federal, State, or local law.’’. 
(2) SECURED
APPEARANCE
BOND
DEFINED.— 
Section 23–1331, District of Columbia Official Code, 
is further amended by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph: 
‘‘(8) The term ‘secured appearance bond’ means 
an agreement to forfeit upon failing to appear as re-
quired, the designated property, including money, as 
is reasonably necessary to assure the appearance of 
the person as required, and post with the court the in-
dicia of ownership of the property, or a percentage of 
the money as the judicial officer may specify; or a 
bail bond with solvent sureties in whatever amount is 
reasonably necessary to assure the appearance of the 
person as required.’’. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 23–1321, 
District of Columbia Official Code, is further amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘with an of-
fense’’ and all that follows through ‘‘shall issue’’ and 
inserting ‘‘with an offense, other than a crime of vio-
lence or dangerous crime (as such terms are defined 
in section 1331 of this title), the judicial officer shall 
issue’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘shall’’ and inserting 
‘‘may’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘Least restrictive further’’ and inserting 
‘‘Further’’; 
(B) by striking paragraph (3) and redesig-
nating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
(3) and (4), respectively; and 
(C) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘additional or different conditions’’ and 
inserting ‘‘any additional or different condition 
described under this subsection’’. 
SEC. 4. APPLICABILITY. 
This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall 
apply with respect to an individual charged with an offense 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
Union Calendar No. 269 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 5214 
[Report No. 119–315] 
A BILL 
To require mandatory pretrial and post conviction 
detention for crimes of violence and dangerous 
crimes and require mandatory cash bail for cer-
tain offenses that pose a threat to public safety 
or order in the District of Columbia, and for 
other purposes. 
SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 
and ordered to be printed 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:31 Sep 30, 2025
Jkt 059200
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 6651
Sfmt 6651
E:\BILLS\H5214.RH
H5214
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB