H. R. 6—196 
hydrokinetic renewable energy technologies and measures to 
prevent adverse impacts on navigation; 
(10) develop power measurement standards for marine and 
hydrokinetic renewable energy; 
(11) develop identification standards for marine and 
hydrokinetic renewable energy devices; 
(12) address standards development, demonstration, and 
technology transfer for advanced systems engineering and 
system integration methods to identify critical interfaces; 
(13) identifying opportunities for cross fertilization and 
development of economies of scale between other renewable 
sources and marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy sources; 
and 
(14) providing public information and opportunity for public 
comment concerning all technologies. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary, in conjunction with the Secretary 
of Commerce, acting through the Undersecretary of Commerce for 
Oceans and Atmosphere, and the Secretary of the Interior, shall 
provide to the Congress a report that addresses— 
(1) the potential environmental impacts, including impacts 
to fisheries and marine resources, of marine and hydrokinetic 
renewable energy technologies; 
(2) options to prevent adverse environmental impacts; 
(3) the potential role of monitoring and adaptive manage-
ment in identifying and addressing any adverse environmental 
impacts; and 
(4) the necessary components of such an adaptive manage-
ment program. 
SEC. 634. NATIONAL MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH, 
DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION CENTERS. 
(a) CENTERS.—The Secretary shall award grants to institutions 
of higher education (or consortia thereof) for the establishment 
of 1 or more National Marine Renewable Energy Research, Develop-
ment, and Demonstration Centers. In selecting locations for Cen-
ters, the Secretary shall consider sites that meet one of the following 
criteria: 
(1) Hosts an existing marine renewable energy research 
and development program in coordination with an engineering 
program at an institution of higher education. 
(2) Has proven expertise to support environmental and 
policy-related issues associated with harnessing of energy in 
the marine environment. 
(3) Has access to and utilizes the marine resources in 
the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, or the Pacific Ocean. 
The Secretary may give special consideration to historically black 
colleges and universities and land grant universities that also meet 
one of these criteria. In establishing criteria for the selection of 
the Centers, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Com-
merce, acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans 
and Atmosphere, on the criteria related to ocean waves, tides, 
and currents including those for advancing wave forecasting tech-
nologies, ocean temperature differences, and studying the compat-
ibility of marine renewable energy technologies and systems with 
the environment, fisheries, and other marine resources.
H. R. 6—197 
(b) PURPOSES.—The Centers shall advance research, develop-
ment, demonstration, and commercial application of marine renew-
able energy, and shall serve as an information clearinghouse for 
the marine renewable energy industry, collecting and disseminating 
information on best practices in all areas related to developing 
and managing enhanced marine renewable energy systems 
resources. 
(c) DEMONSTRATION
OF NEED.—When applying for a grant 
under this section, an applicant shall include a description of why 
Federal support is necessary for the Center, including evidence 
that the research of the Center will not be conducted in the absence 
of Federal support. 
SEC. 635. APPLICABILITY OF OTHER LAWS. 
Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed as waiving, modi-
fying, or superseding the applicability of any requirement under 
any environmental or other Federal or State law. 
SEC. 636. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out this subtitle $50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
2008 through 2012, except that no funds shall be appropriated 
under this section for activities that are receiving funds under 
section 931(a)(2)(E)(i) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16231(a)(2)(E)(i)). 
Subtitle D—Energy Storage for 
Transportation and Electric Power 
SEC. 641. ENERGY STORAGE COMPETITIVENESS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as the ‘‘United 
States Energy Storage Competitiveness Act of 2007’’. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) COUNCIL.—The term ‘‘Council’’ means the Energy Stor-
age Advisory Council established under subsection (e). 
(2) COMPRESSED AIR ENERGY STORAGE.—The term ‘‘com-
pressed air energy storage’’ means, in the case of an electricity 
grid application, the storage of energy through the compression 
of air. 
(3) ELECTRIC
DRIVE
VEHICLE.—The term ‘‘electric drive 
vehicle’’ means— 
(A) a vehicle that uses an electric motor for all or 
part of the motive power of the vehicle, including battery 
electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, fuel cell, 
and plug-in fuel cell vehicles and rail transportation 
vehicles; or 
(B) mobile equipment that uses an electric motor to 
replace an internal combustion engine for all or part of 
the work of the equipment. 
(4) ISLANDING.—The term ‘‘islanding’’ means a distributed 
generator or energy storage device continuing to power a loca-
tion in the absence of electric power from the primary source. 
(5) FLYWHEEL.—The term ‘‘flywheel’’ means, in the case 
of an electricity grid application, a device used to store rota-
tional kinetic energy.
H. R. 6—198 
(6) MICROGRID.—The term ‘‘microgrid’’ means an integrated 
energy system consisting of interconnected loads and distrib-
uted energy resources (including generators and energy storage 
devices), which as an integrated system can operate in parallel 
with the utility grid or in an intentional islanding mode. 
(7) SELF-HEALING
GRID.—The term ‘‘self-healing grid’’ 
means a grid that is capable of automatically anticipating and 
responding to power system disturbances (including the isola-
tion of failed sections and components), while optimizing the 
performance and service of the grid to customers. 
(8) SPINNING
RESERVE
SERVICES.—The term ‘‘spinning 
reserve services’’ means a quantity of electric generating 
capacity in excess of the quantity needed to meet peak electric 
demand. 
(9) ULTRACAPACITOR.—The term ‘‘ultracapacitor’’ means an 
energy storage device that has a power density comparable 
to a conventional capacitor but is capable of exceeding the 
energy density of a conventional capacitor by several orders 
of magnitude. 
(c) PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall carry out a research, 
development, and demonstration program to support the ability 
of the United States to remain globally competitive in energy stor-
age systems for electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and 
electricity transmission and distribution. 
(d) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the activities of this sec-
tion, the Secretary shall coordinate relevant efforts with appropriate 
Federal agencies, including the Department of Transportation. 
(e) ENERGY STORAGE ADVISORY COUNCIL.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish an Energy 
Storage Advisory Council. 
(2) COMPOSITION.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
Council shall consist of not less than 15 individuals 
appointed by the Secretary, based on recommendations 
of the National Academy of Sciences. 
(B) ENERGY
STORAGE
INDUSTRY.—The Council shall 
consist primarily of representatives of the energy storage 
industry of the United States. 
(C) CHAIRPERSON.—The Secretary shall select a Chair-
person for the Council from among the members appointed 
under subparagraph (A). 
(3) MEETINGS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall meet not less than 
once a year. 
(B) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT.—The Federal 
Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall apply to 
a meeting of the Council. 
(4) PLANS.—No later than 1 year after the date of enact-
ment of this Act and every 5 years thereafter, the Council, 
in conjunction with the Secretary, shall develop a 5-year plan 
for integrating basic and applied research so that the United 
States retains a globally competitive domestic energy storage 
industry for electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and 
electricity transmission and distribution. 
(5) REVIEW.—The Council shall—
H. R. 6—199 
(A) assess, every 2 years, the performance of the 
Department in meeting the goals of the plans developed 
under paragraph (4); and 
(B) make specific recommendations to the Secretary 
on programs or activities that should be established or 
terminated to meet those goals. 
(f) BASIC RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 
(1) BASIC RESEARCH.—The Secretary shall conduct a basic 
research program on energy storage systems to support electric 
drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity trans-
mission and distribution, including— 
(A) materials design; 
(B) materials synthesis and characterization; 
(C) electrode-active materials, including electrolytes 
and bioelectrolytes; 
(D) surface and interface dynamics; 
(E) modeling and simulation; and 
(F) thermal behavior and life degradation mechanisms. 
(2) NANOSCIENCE CENTERS.—The Secretary, in cooperation 
with the Council, shall coordinate the activities of the 
nanoscience centers of the Department to help the energy stor-
age research centers of the Department maintain a globally 
competitive posture in energy storage systems for electric drive 
vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity transmission 
and distribution. 
(3) FUNDING.—For activities carried out under this sub-
section, in addition to funding activities at National Labora-
tories, the Secretary shall award funds to, and coordinate activi-
ties with, a range of stakeholders including the public, private, 
and academic sectors. 
(g) APPLIED RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct an applied 
research program on energy storage systems to support electric 
drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity trans-
mission and distribution technologies, including— 
(A) ultracapacitors; 
(B) flywheels; 
(C) batteries and battery systems (including flow bat-
teries); 
(D) compressed air energy systems; 
(E) power conditioning electronics; 
(F) manufacturing technologies for energy storage sys-
tems; 
(G) thermal management systems; and 
(H) hydrogen as an energy storage medium. 
(2) FUNDING.—For activities carried out under this sub-
section, in addition to funding activities at National Labora-
tories, the Secretary shall provide funds to, and coordinate 
activities with, a range of stakeholders, including the public, 
private, and academic sectors. 
(h) ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish, through 
competitive bids, not more than 4 energy storage research 
centers to translate basic research into applied technologies 
to advance the capability of the United States to maintain 
a globally competitive posture in energy storage systems for
H. R. 6—200 
electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity 
transmission and distribution. 
(2) PROGRAM MANAGEMENT.—The centers shall be managed 
by the Under Secretary for Science of the Department. 
(3) PARTICIPATION AGREEMENTS.—As a condition of partici-
pating in a center, a participant shall enter into a participation 
agreement with the center that requires that activities con-
ducted by the participant for the center promote the goal of 
enabling the United States to compete successfully in global 
energy storage markets. 
(4) PLANS.—A center shall conduct activities that promote 
the achievement of the goals of the plans of the Council under 
subsection (e)(4). 
(5) NATIONAL
LABORATORIES.—A national laboratory (as 
defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 15801)) may participate in a center established under 
this subsection, including a cooperative research and develop-
ment agreement (as defined in section 12(d) of the Stevenson- 
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3710a(d))). 
(6) DISCLOSURE.—Section 623 of the Energy Policy Act 
of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13293) may apply to any project carried 
out through a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement under 
this subsection. 
(7) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY.—In accordance with section 
202(a)(ii) of title 35, United States Code, section 152 of the 
Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2182), and section 9 
of the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5908), the Secretary may require, for 
any new invention developed under this subsection, that— 
(A) if an industrial participant is active in a energy 
storage research center established under this subsection 
relating to the advancement of energy storage technologies 
carried out, in whole or in part, with Federal funding, 
the industrial participant be granted the first option to 
negotiate with the invention owner, at least in the field 
of energy storage technologies, nonexclusive licenses, and 
royalties on terms that are reasonable, as determined by 
the Secretary; 
(B) if 1 or more industry participants are active in 
a center, during a 2-year period beginning on the date 
on which an invention is made— 
(i) the patent holder shall not negotiate any license 
or royalty agreement with any entity that is not an 
industrial participant under this subsection; and 
(ii) the patent holder shall negotiate nonexclusive 
licenses and royalties in good faith with any interested 
industrial participant under this subsection; and 
(C) the new invention be developed under such other 
terms as the Secretary determines to be necessary to pro-
mote the accelerated commercialization of inventions made 
under this subsection to advance the capability of the 
United States to successfully compete in global energy stor-
age markets. 
(i) ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS DEMONSTRATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program 
of new demonstrations of advanced energy storage systems.
H. R. 6—201 
(2) SCOPE.—The demonstrations shall— 
(A) be regionally diversified; and 
(B) expand on the existing technology demonstration 
program of the Department. 
(3) STAKEHOLDERS.—In carrying out the demonstrations, 
the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include 
the participation of a range of stakeholders, including— 
(A) rural electric cooperatives; 
(B) investor owned utilities; 
(C) municipally owned electric utilities; 
(D) energy storage systems manufacturers; 
(E) electric drive vehicle manufacturers; 
(F) the renewable energy production industry; 
(G) State or local energy offices; 
(H) the fuel cell industry; and 
(I) institutions of higher education. 
(4) OBJECTIVES.—Each of the demonstrations shall include 
1 or more of the following: 
(A) Energy storage to improve the feasibility of 
microgrids or islanding, or transmission and distribution 
capability, to improve reliability in rural areas. 
(B) Integration of an energy storage system with a 
self-healing grid. 
(C) Use of energy storage to improve security to emer-
gency response infrastructure and ensure availability of 
emergency backup power for consumers. 
(D) Integration with a renewable energy production 
source, at the source or away from the source. 
(E) Use of energy storage to provide ancillary services, 
such as spinning reserve services, for grid management. 
(F) Advancement of power conversion systems to make 
the systems smarter, more efficient, able to communicate 
with other inverters, and able to control voltage. 
(G) Use of energy storage to optimize transmission 
and distribution operation and power quality, which could 
address overloaded lines and maintenance of transformers 
and substations. 
(H) Use of advanced energy storage for peak load 
management of homes, businesses, and the grid. 
(I) Use of energy storage devices to store energy during 
nonpeak generation periods to make better use of existing 
grid assets. 
(j) VEHICLE ENERGY STORAGE DEMONSTRATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program 
of electric drive vehicle energy storage technology demonstra-
tions. 
(2) CONSORTIA.—The technology demonstrations shall be 
conducted through consortia, which may include— 
(A) energy storage systems manufacturers and sup-
pliers of the manufacturers; 
(B) electric drive vehicle manufacturers; 
(C) rural electric cooperatives; 
(D) investor owned utilities; 
(E) municipal and rural electric utilities; 
(F) State and local governments; 
(G) metropolitan transportation authorities; and 
(H) institutions of higher education.
H. R. 6—202 
(3) OBJECTIVES.—The program shall demonstrate 1 or more 
of the following: 
(A) Novel, high capacity, high efficiency energy storage, 
charging, and control systems, along with the collection 
of data on performance characteristics, such as battery 
life, energy storage capacity, and power delivery capacity. 
(B) Advanced onboard energy management systems 
and highly efficient battery cooling systems. 
(C) Integration of those systems on a prototype vehic-
ular platform, including with drivetrain systems for pas-
senger, commercial, and nonroad electric drive vehicles. 
(D) New technologies and processes that reduce manu-
facturing costs. 
(E) Integration of advanced vehicle technologies with 
electricity distribution system and smart metering tech-
nology. 
(F) Control systems that minimize emissions profiles 
in cases in which clean diesel engines are part of a plug- 
in hybrid drive system. 
(k) SECONDARY APPLICATIONS AND DISPOSAL OF ELECTRIC DRIVE 
VEHICLE BATTERIES.—The Secretary shall carry out a program of 
research, development, and demonstration of— 
(1) secondary applications of energy storage devices fol-
lowing service in electric drive vehicles; and 
(2) technologies and processes for final recycling and dis-
posal of the devices. 
(l) COST SHARING.—The Secretary shall carry out the programs 
established under this section in accordance with section 988 of 
the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352). 
(m) MERIT REVIEW OF PROPOSALS.—The Secretary shall carry 
out the programs established under subsections (i), (j), and (k) 
in accordance with section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
(42 U.S.C. 16353). 
(n) COORDINATION
AND NONDUPLICATION.—To the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall coordinate activities under 
this section with other programs and laboratories of the Department 
and other Federal research programs. 
(o) REVIEW BY NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.—On the busi-
ness day that is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall offer to enter into an arrangement with the 
National Academy of Sciences to assess the performance of the 
Department in carrying out this section. 
(p) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out— 
(1) the basic research program under subsection (f) 
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2018; 
(2) the applied research program under subsection (g) 
$80,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2018; and; 
(3) the energy storage research center program under sub-
section (h) $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 
2018; 
(4) the energy storage systems demonstration program 
under subsection (i) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 
through 2018; 
(5) the vehicle energy storage demonstration program 
under subsection (j) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 
through 2018; and
H. R. 6—203 
(6) the secondary applications and disposal of electric drive 
vehicle batteries program under subsection (k) $5,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2009 through 2018. 
Subtitle E—Miscellaneous Provisions 
SEC. 651. LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—As soon as practicable after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall establish a program 
to determine ways in which the weight of motor vehicles could 
be reduced to improve fuel efficiency without compromising pas-
senger safety by conducting research, development, and demonstra-
tion relating to— 
(1) the development of new materials (including cast metal 
composite materials formed by autocombustion synthesis) and 
material processes that yield a higher strength-to-weight ratio 
or other properties that reduce vehicle weight; and 
(2) reducing the cost of— 
(A) lightweight materials (including high-strength steel 
alloys, aluminum, magnesium, metal composites, and 
carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites) with the prop-
erties required for construction of lighter-weight vehicles; 
and 
(B) materials processing, automated manufacturing, 
joining, and recycling lightweight materials for high-volume 
applications. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out this section $80,000,000 for the 
period of fiscal years 2008 through 2012. 
SEC. 652. COMMERCIAL INSULATION DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ADVANCED INSULATION.—The term ‘‘advanced insula-
tion’’ means insulation that has an R value of not less than 
R35 per inch. 
(2) COVERED
REFRIGERATION
UNIT.—The term ‘‘covered 
refrigeration unit’’ means any— 
(A) commercial refrigerated truck; 
(B) commercial refrigerated trailer; or 
(C) commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator- 
freezer described in section 342(c) of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6313(c)). 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that 
includes an evaluation of— 
(1) the state of technological advancement of advanced 
insulation; and 
(2) the projected amount of cost savings that would be 
generated by implementing advanced insulation into covered 
refrigeration units. 
(c) DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—If the Secretary determines in the 
report described in subsection (b) that the implementation of 
advanced insulation into covered refrigeration units would gen-
erate an economically justifiable amount of cost savings, the
H. R. 6—204 
Secretary, in cooperation with manufacturers of covered refrig-
eration units, shall establish a demonstration program under 
which the Secretary shall demonstrate the cost-effectiveness 
of advanced insulation. 
(2) DISCLOSURE.—The Secretary may, for a period of up 
to 5 years after an award is granted under the demonstration 
program, exempt from mandatory disclosure under section 552 
of title 5, United States Code (popularly known as the Freedom 
of Information Act) information that the Secretary determines 
would be a privileged or confidential trade secret or commercial 
or financial information under subsection (b)(4) of such section 
if the information had been obtained from a non-Government 
party. 
(3) COST-SHARING.—Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act 
of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to any project carried 
out under this subsection. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out this section $8,000,000 for the 
period of fiscal years 2009 through 2014. 
SEC. 653. TECHNICAL CRITERIA FOR CLEAN COAL POWER INITIATIVE. 
Section 402(b)(1)(B)(ii) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 15962(b)(1)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking subclause (I) and 
inserting the following: 
‘‘(I)(aa) to remove at least 99 percent of sulfur 
dioxide; or 
‘‘(bb) to emit not more than 0.04 pound SO2 
per million Btu, based on a 30-day average;’’. 
SEC. 654. H-PRIZE. 
Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(f) H-PRIZE.— 
‘‘(1) PRIZE AUTHORITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program under this 
section, the Secretary shall carry out a program to competi-
tively award cash prizes in conformity with this subsection 
to advance the research, development, demonstration, and 
commercial application of hydrogen energy technologies. 
‘‘(B) ADVERTISING AND SOLICITATION OF COMPETITORS.— 
‘‘(i) ADVERTISING.—The Secretary shall widely 
advertise prize competitions under this subsection to 
encourage broad participation, including by individ-
uals, universities (including historically Black colleges 
and universities and other minority serving institu-
tions), and large and small businesses (including 
businesses owned or controlled by socially and economi-
cally disadvantaged persons). 
‘‘(ii) ANNOUNCEMENT THROUGH FEDERAL REGISTER 
NOTICE.—The Secretary shall announce each prize com-
petition under this subsection by publishing a notice 
in the Federal Register. This notice shall include essen-
tial elements of the competition such as the subject 
of the competition, the duration of the competition, 
the eligibility requirements for participation in the 
competition, the process for participants to register 
for the competition, the amount of the prize, and the 
criteria for awarding the prize.