(1) AERONAUTICAL
AND
SPACE
ACTIVITIES.—The term ‘‘aero-
nautical and space activities’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 20103 of this title. 
(2) FIELD RELATED TO SPACE.—The term ‘‘field related to space’’ 
means any academic discipline or field of study (including the physical, 
natural, and biological sciences, and engineering, space technology, edu-
cation, economics, sociology, communications, planning, law, inter-
national affairs, and public administration) which is concerned with or 
likely to improve the understanding, assessment, development, and uti-
lization of space. 
(3) PANEL.—The term ‘‘panel’’ means the space grant review panel 
established pursuant to section 40308 of this title. 
(4) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means any individual, any public 
or private corporation, partnership, or other association or entity (in-
cluding any space grant college, space grant regional consortium, insti-
tution of higher education, institute, or laboratory), or any State, polit-
ical subdivision of a State, or agency or officer of a State or political 
subdivision of a State. 
(5) SPACE ENVIRONMENT.—The term ‘‘space environment’’ means 
the environment beyond the sensible atmosphere of the Earth. 
(6) SPACE GRANT COLLEGE.—The term ‘‘space grant college’’ means 
any public or private institution of higher education which is designated 
as such by the Administrator pursuant to section 40306 of this title. 
(7) SPACE
GRANT
PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘space grant program’’ 
means any program that— 
(A) is administered by any space grant college, space grant re-
gional consortium, institution of higher education, institute, lab-
oratory, or State or local agency; and 
(B) includes 2 or more projects involving education and one or 
more of the following activities in the fields related to space: 
(i) Research. 
(ii) Training. 
(iii) Advisory services. 
(8) SPACE GRANT REGIONAL CONSORTIUM.—The term ‘‘space grant 
regional consortium’’ means any association or other alliance that is 
designated as a space grant regional consortium by the Administrator 
pursuant to section 40306 of this title. 
(9) SPACE RESOURCE.—The term ‘‘space resource’’ means any tan-
gible or intangible benefit which can be realized only from— 
(A) aeronautical and space activities; or 
(B) advancements in any field related to space. 
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(10) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means any State of the United 
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, 
the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands, or any other territory or possession of the 
United States. 
§ 40303. National space grant college and fellowship pro-
gram 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall establish and maintain, 
within the Administration, a program to be known as the national space 
grant college and fellowship program. The national space grant college and 
fellowship program shall consist of the financial assistance and other activi-
ties provided for in this chapter. The Administrator shall establish long- 
range planning guidelines and priorities, and adequately evaluate the pro-
gram. 
(b) FUNCTIONS.—Within the Administration, the program shall— 
(1) apply the long-range planning guidelines and the priorities estab-
lished by the Administrator under subsection (a); 
(2) advise the Administrator with respect to the expertise and capa-
bilities which are available through the national space grant college and 
fellowship program, and make such expertise available to the Adminis-
tration as directed by the Administrator; 
(3) evaluate activities conducted under grants and contracts awarded 
pursuant to sections 40304 and 40305 of this title to ensure that the 
purposes set forth in section 40301 of this title are implemented; 
(4) encourage other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumen-
talities to use and take advantage of the expertise and capabilities 
which are available through the national space grant college and fellow-
ship program, on a cooperative or other basis; 
(5) encourage cooperation and coordination with other Federal pro-
grams concerned with the development of space resources and fields re-
lated to space; 
(6) advise the Administrator on the designation of recipients sup-
ported by the national space grant college and fellowship program and, 
in appropriate cases, on the termination or suspension of any such des-
ignation; and 
(7) encourage the formation and growth of space grant and fellow-
ship programs. 
(c) GENERAL AUTHORITIES.—To carry out the provisions of this chapter, 
the Administrator may— 
(1) accept conditional or unconditional gifts or donations of services, 
money, or property, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible; 
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(2) accept and use funds from other Federal departments, agencies, 
and instrumentalities to pay for fellowships, grants, contracts, and 
other transactions; and 
(3) issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary and appro-
priate. 
§ 40304. Grants or contracts 
(a) AUTHORITY
OF ADMINISTRATOR.—The Administrator may make 
grants and enter into contracts or other transactions under this subsection 
to assist any space grant and fellowship program or project if the Adminis-
trator finds that the program or project will carry out the purposes set forth 
in section 40301 of this title. The total amount paid pursuant to a grant 
or contract may equal not more than 66 percent of the total cost of the 
space grant and fellowship program or project involved, except in the case 
of grants or contracts paid for with funds accepted by the Administrator 
pursuant to section 40303(c)(2) of this title. 
(b) SPECIAL GRANTS.—The Administrator may make special grants 
under this subsection to carry out the purposes set forth in section 40301 
of this title. The amount of a special grant may equal up to 100 percent 
of the total cost of the project involved. A special grant may be made under 
this subsection only if the Administrator finds that— 
(1) no reasonable means is available through which the applicant can 
meet the matching requirement for a grant under subsection (a); 
(2) the probable benefit of the project outweighs the public interest 
in the matching requirement; and 
(3) the same or equivalent benefit cannot be obtained through the 
award of a contract or grant under subsection (a) or section 40305 of 
this title. 
(c) APPLICATION.—Any person may apply to the Administrator for a 
grant or contract under this section. Application shall be made in such form 
and manner, and with such content and other submissions, as the Adminis-
trator shall by regulation prescribe. 
(d) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Any grant made, or contract entered into, under 
this section shall be subject to the limitations and provisions set forth 
in paragraphs (2) and (3) and to such other terms, conditions, and re-
quirements as the Administrator considers necessary or appropriate. 
(2) LIMITATIONS.—No payment under any grant or contract under 
this section may be applied to— 
(A) the purchase of any land; 
(B) the purchase, construction, preservation, or repair of any 
building; or 
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(C) the purchase or construction of any launch facility or launch 
vehicle. 
(3) LEASES.—Notwithstanding paragraph (2), the items in subpara-
graphs (A), (B), and (C) of such paragraph may be leased upon writ-
ten approval of the Administrator. 
(4) RECORDS.—Any person that receives or utilizes any proceeds of 
any grant or contract under this section shall keep such records as the 
Administrator shall by regulation prescribe as being necessary and ap-
propriate to facilitate effective audit and evaluation, including records 
which fully disclose the amount and disposition by such recipient of 
such proceeds, the total cost of the program or project in connection 
with which such proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of such 
cost which was provided through other sources. Such records shall be 
maintained for 3 years after the completion of such a program or 
project. The Administrator and the Comptroller General of the United 
States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, shall have ac-
cess, for the purpose of audit and evaluation, to any books, documents, 
papers, and records of receipts which, in the opinion of the Adminis-
trator or the Comptroller General, may be related or pertinent to such 
grants and contracts. 
§ 40305. Specific national needs 
(a) IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC NEEDS AND GRANT-MAKING AND CON-
TRACTING AUTHORITY.—The Administrator shall identify specific national 
needs and problems relating to space. The Administrator may make grants 
or enter into contracts under this section with respect to such needs or 
problems. The amount of any such grant or contract may equal up to 100 
percent of the total cost of the project involved. 
(b) APPLICATIONS FOR GRANTS OR CONTRACTS.—Any person may apply 
to the Administrator for a grant or contract under this section. In addition, 
the Administrator may invite applications with respect to specific national 
needs or problems identified under subsection (a). Application shall be made 
in such form and manner, and with such content and other submissions, 
as the Administrator shall by regulation prescribe. Any grant made, or con-
tract entered into, under this section shall be subject to the limitations and 
provisions set forth in paragraphs (2) and (4) of section 40304(d) of this 
title and to such other terms, conditions, and requirements as the Adminis-
trator considers necessary or appropriate. 
§ 40306. Space grant college and space grant regional con-
sortium 
(a) DESIGNATION AND QUALIFICATIONS.— 
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(1) AUTHORITY
TO
DESIGNATE.—The Administrator may des-
ignate— 
(A) any institution of higher education as a space grant college; 
and 
(B) any association or other alliance of 2 or more persons, other 
than individuals, as a space grant regional consortium. 
(2) SPACE
GRANT
COLLEGE
REQUIREMENTS.—No institution of 
higher education may be designated as a space grant college unless the 
Administrator finds that such institution— 
(A) is maintaining a balanced program of research, education, 
training, and advisory services in fields related to space; 
(B) will act in accordance with such guidelines as are prescribed 
under subsection (b)(2); and 
(C) meets such other qualifications as the Administrator con-
siders necessary or appropriate. 
(3) SPACE GRANT REGIONAL CONSORTIUM REQUIREMENTS.—No as-
sociation or other alliance of 2 or more persons may be designated as 
a space grant regional consortium unless the Administrator finds that 
such association or alliance— 
(A) is established for the purpose of sharing expertise, research, 
educational facilities or training facilities, and other capabilities in 
order to facilitate research, education, training, and advisory serv-
ices in any field related to space; 
(B) will encourage and follow a regional approach to solving 
problems or meeting needs relating to space, in cooperation with 
appropriate space grant colleges, space grant programs, and other 
persons in the region; 
(C) will act in accordance with such guidelines as are prescribed 
under subsection (b)(2); and 
(D) meets such other qualifications as the Administrator con-
siders necessary or appropriate. 
(b) QUALIFICATIONS AND GUIDELINES.—The Administrator shall by reg-
ulation prescribe— 
(1) the qualifications required to be met under paragraphs (2)(C) 
and (3)(D) of subsection (a); and 
(2) guidelines relating to the activities and responsibilities of space 
grant colleges and space grant regional consortia. 
(c) SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION OF DESIGNATION.—The Administrator 
may, for cause and after an opportunity for hearing, suspend or terminate 
any designation under subsection (a). 
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§ 40307. Space grant fellowship program 
(a) AWARD OF FELLOWSHIPS.—The Administrator shall support a space 
grant fellowship program to provide educational and training assistance to 
qualified individuals at the graduate level of education in fields related to 
space. Such fellowships shall be awarded pursuant to guidelines established 
by the Administrator. Space grant fellowships shall be awarded to individ-
uals at space grant colleges, space grant regional consortia, other colleges 
and institutions of higher education, professional associations, and institutes 
in such a manner as to ensure wide geographic and institutional diversity 
in the pursuit of research under the fellowship program. 
(b) LIMITATION ON AMOUNT PROVIDED.—The total amount which may 
be provided for grants under the space grant fellowship program during any 
fiscal year shall not exceed an amount equal to 50 percent of the total funds 
appropriated for such year pursuant to this chapter. 
(c) AUTHORITY TO SPONSOR OTHER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMS 
UNAFFECTED.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the 
Administrator from sponsoring any research fellowship program, including 
any special emphasis program, which is established under an authority other 
than this chapter. 
§ 40308. Space grant review panel 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall establish an independent 
committee known as the space grant review panel, which shall not be subject 
to the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C.). 
(b) DUTIES.—The panel shall take such steps as may be necessary to re-
view, and shall advise the Administrator with respect to— 
(1) applications or proposals for, and performance under, grants and 
contracts awarded pursuant to sections 40304 and 40305 of this title; 
(2) the space grant fellowship program; 
(3) the designation and operation of space grant colleges and space 
grant regional consortia, and the operation of space grant and fellow-
ship programs; 
(4) the formulation and application of the planning guidelines and 
priorities pursuant to subsections (a) and (b)(1) of section 40303 of 
this title; and 
(5) such other matters as the Administrator refers to the panel for 
review and advice. 
(c) PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES.—The Administrator 
shall make available to the panel any information, personnel, and adminis-
trative services and assistance which is reasonable to carry out the duties 
of the panel. 
(d) MEMBERS.— 
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(1) APPOINTMENT.—The Administrator shall appoint the voting 
members of the panel. A majority of the voting members shall be indi-
viduals who, by reason of knowledge, experience, or training, are espe-
cially qualified in one or more of the disciplines and fields related to 
space. The other voting members shall be individuals who, by reason 
of knowledge, experience, or training, are especially qualified in, or rep-
resentative of, education, extension services, State government, indus-
try, economics, planning, or any other activity related to efforts to en-
hance the understanding, assessment, development, or utilization of 
space resources. The Administrator shall consider the potential conflict 
of interest of any individual in making appointments to the panel. 
(2) CHAIRMAN AND VICE CHAIRMAN.—The Administrator shall select 
one voting member to serve as the Chairman and another voting mem-
ber to serve as the Vice Chairman. The Vice Chairman shall act as 
Chairman in the absence or incapacity of the Chairman. 
(3) REIMBURSEMENT FOR EXPENSES.—Voting members of the panel 
who are not Federal employees shall be reimbursed for actual and rea-
sonable expenses incurred in the performance of such duties. 
(4) MEETINGS.—The panel shall meet on a biannual basis and, at 
any other time, at the call of the Chairman or upon the request of a 
majority of the voting members or of the Administrator. 
(5) POWERS.—The panel may exercise such powers as are reasonably 
necessary in order to carry out the duties enumerated in subsection (b). 
§ 40309. Availability of other Federal personnel and data 
Each department, agency, or other instrumentality of the Federal Govern-
ment that is engaged in or concerned with, or that has authority over, mat-
ters relating to space— 
(1) may, upon a written request from the Administrator, make avail-
able, on a reimbursable basis or otherwise, any personnel (with their 
consent and without prejudice to their position and rating), service, or 
facility which the Administrator considers necessary to carry out any 
provision of this chapter; 
(2) may, upon a written request from the Administrator, furnish any 
available data or other information which the Administrator considers 
necessary to carry out any provision of this chapter; and 
(3) may cooperate with the Administration. 
§ 40310. Designation or award to be on competitive basis 
The Administrator shall not under this chapter designate any space grant 
college or space grant regional consortium or award any fellowship, grant, 
or contract unless such designation or award is made in accordance with 
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the competitive, merit-based review process employed by the Administration 
on October 30, 1987. 
§ 40311. Continuing emphasis 
The Administration shall continue its emphasis on the importance of edu-
cation to expand opportunities for Americans to understand and participate 
in the Administration’s aeronautics and space projects by supporting and 
enhancing science and engineering education, research, and public outreach 
efforts. 
CHAPTER 405—BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN SPACE 
Sec. 
40501.
Biomedical research joint working group. 
40502.
Biomedical research grants. 
40503.
Biomedical research fellowships. 
40504.
Establishment of electronic data archive. 
40505.
Establishment of emergency medical service telemedicine capability. 
§ 40501. Biomedical research joint working group 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator and the Director of the Na-
tional Institutes of Health shall jointly establish a working group to coordi-
nate biomedical research activities in areas where a microgravity environ-
ment may contribute to significant progress in the understanding and treat-
ment of diseases and other medical conditions. The joint working group 
shall formulate joint and complementary programs in such areas of re-
search. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The joint working group shall include equal represen-
tation from the Administration and the National Institutes of Health, and 
shall include representation from National Institutes of Health councils, as 
selected by the Director of the National Institutes of Health, and from the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advisory Council. 
(c) ANNUAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIA.—The joint working 
group shall organize annual symposia on biomedical research described in 
subsection (a) under the joint sponsorship of the Administration and the 
National Institutes of Health. 
(d) ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—The joint working group shall 
report annually to Congress on its progress in carrying out this section. 
§ 40502. Biomedical research grants 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The Administrator and the Director 
of the National Institutes of Health shall establish a joint program of bio-
medical research grants in areas described in section 40501(a) of this title, 
where such research requires access to a microgravity environment. Such 
program shall be consistent with actions taken by the joint working group 
under section 40501 of this title. 
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(b) RESEARCH OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENTS.—The grants program 
established under subsection (a) shall annually issue joint research oppor-
tunity announcements under the sponsorship of the National Institutes of 
Health and the Administration. Responses to the announcements shall be 
evaluated by a peer review committee whose members shall be selected by 
the Director of the National Institutes of Health and the Administrator, 
and shall include individuals not employed by the Administration or the Na-
tional Institutes of Health. 
§ 40503. Biomedical research fellowships 
The Administrator and the Director of the National Institutes of Health 
shall create a joint program of graduate research fellowships in biomedical 
research described in section 40501(a) of this title. Fellowships under such 
program may provide for participation in approved research conferences and 
symposia. 
§ 40504. Establishment of electronic data archive 
The Administrator shall create and maintain a national electronic data 
archive for biomedical research data obtained from space-based experiments. 
§ 40505. Establishment of emergency medical service tele-
medicine capability 
The Administrator, the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Manage-
ment Agency, the Director of the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, and 
the Surgeon General of the United States shall jointly create and maintain 
an international telemedicine satellite consultation capability to support 
emergency medical services in disaster-stricken areas. 
CHAPTER 407—ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY 
AIRCRAFT 
Sec. 
40701.
Research and development initiative. 
40702.
Additional research and development initiative. 
40703.
Research alignment. 
40704.
Research program on perceived impact of sonic booms. 
§ 40701. Research and development initiative 
The Administrator may establish an initiative with the objective of devel-
oping, and demonstrating in a relevant environment, technologies to enable 
the following commercial aircraft performance characteristics: 
(1) NOISE LEVELS.—Noise levels on takeoff and on airport approach 
and landing that do not exceed ambient noise levels in the absence of 
flight operations in the vicinity of airports from which such commercial 
aircraft would normally operate. 
(2) ENERGY CONSUMPTION.—Twenty-five percent reduction in the 
energy required for medium- to long-range flights, compared to aircraft 
in commercial service as of December 30, 2005. 
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