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(b) Civilian employees of any Federal agency or group
of such agencies employing eighty working parents of
young children who desire to participate in a program eli-
gible for assistance under this part shall—
(1) designate or create for such purpose an
agency committee, the membership of which shall be
broadly representative of the working parents inter-
ested in utilizing these services who are employed by
the agency or agencies; and
(2) submit to the Secretary a plan approved by
the official in charge of such agency or agencies,
which—
(A) provides that the early childhood edu-
cation program shall be administered under the
direction of the agency committee;
(B) provides that the program will meet
the Federal Standards for Early Childhood
Education approved pursuant to section 204
and the uniform minimum code for facilities ap-
proved pursuant to section 205.
(C) provides a means of determining prior-
ity of eligibility among parents wishing to use
the service program;
(D) provides for a scale of fees based upon
the parents’ financial status; and
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(E) provides for competent management,
staffing, and facilities for such program.
(c) The Secretary shall not make payments under
this section unless the Secretary has received approval of
the plan from the official in charge of the agency whose
employees will be served by the early childhood education
program.
SEC. 302. PAYMENTS.
(a) Not more than 80 percent of the total cost of the
early childhood education program under this part shall
be paid from Federal funds available under this title.
(b) The share of the total cost not available under
paragraph (a) may be provided through public or private
funds and may be in the form of cash, goods, services,
or facilities (or portions thereof that are used for program
purposes), reasonable evaluated, fees collected from par-
ents, and union and employer contributions.
(c) If, with respect to any fiscal year, a program
under this part provides contributions exceeding its re-
quirements under this section, such excess may be used
to meet the requirements of such contributions for the
subsequent fiscal year.
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TITLE IV—RESEARCH AND
DEMONSTRATIONS
SEC. 401. DECLARATION OF PURPOSES.
The purposes of this part are to focus national re-
search efforts to attain a fuller understanding of the proc-
ess of early child development and the effects of organized
programs upon these processes; to develop effective pro-
grams for research into child development; and to assure
that the result of research and development efforts are re-
flected in the conduct of programs affecting children
through the improvement and expansion of early childhood
education and related programs.
SEC. 402. RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.
(a) In order to further the purposes of this part, the
Secretary shall carry out a program of research and dem-
onstration projects, which shall include but not be limited
to—
(1) research to determine the nature of child
development processes and the impact of various in-
fluences upon them, to develop techniques to meas-
ure and evaluate child development, to develop
standards to evaluate professional and paraprofes-
sional early childhood education personnel, to deter-
mine how early childhood development and education
and related programs conducted in either home or
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institutional settings affect child development proc-
esses;
(2) research to test alternative methods of pro-
viding early childhood education and related services,
and to develop and test innovative approaches to
achieve maximum development of children and pro-
grams for training adolescent youth in child develop-
ment;
(3) evaluation of research findings and the de-
velopment of these findings and the effective applica-
tion thereof; and
(4) dissemination and application of research
and development efforts and demonstration projects
to early childhood education and related programs,
using regional demonstration centers and advisory
services where feasible.
(b) In order to carry out the program provided for
in subsection (a), the Secretary is authorized to make
grants to or enter into contracts or other arrangements
with public or private nonprofit agencies (including other
Government agencies), organizations, and institutions,
and to enter into contracts with private agencies, organi-
zations, institutions, and individuals.
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SEC. 403. COORDINATION OF RESEARCH.
(a) Funds available to any Federal department or
agency for the purposes stated in section 401 or the activi-
ties stated in section 402(a) shall be available for transfer,
with the approval of the head of the department or agency
involved, in whole or in part, to the Secretary for such
use as is consistent with the purposes for which such funds
were provided, and the funds so transferred shall be ex-
pendable by the Secretary for the purpose for which the
transfer was made.
(b) The Secretary shall coordinate all early childhood
education research, training, and development efforts con-
ducted with the Federal Government and, to the extent
feasible, by other agencies, organizations, and individuals.
(c) Representatives from the National Institute for
Early Childhood Development, the Federal agencies ad-
ministering the Social Security Act and the Elementary
and Secondary Education Act, the Department of Health
and Human Services Administration for Children and
Families, the Department of Labor, and other appropriate
agencies, shall meet at least annually and at such more
frequent times as they may deem necessary, in order to
assure coordination of child development and early child-
hood education and related activities under their respec-
tive jurisdictions and to carry out the provisions of this
title so as to assure—
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(1) maximum utilization of available resources
through the prevention of duplication of activities;
(2) a division of labor, insofar as is compatible
with the purposes of each of the agencies or authori-
ties specified in this paragraph, to assure maximum
progress toward the achievement of the purposes of
this title; and
(3) recommendation of priorities for federally
funded research and development activities related
to the purposes of this title and those stated in sec-
tion 3.
TITLE V—GENERAL PROVISIONS
SEC. 501. DEFINITIONS.
As used in this Act, the term—
(1) ‘‘children’’ means individuals who have not
attained the age of 8;
(2) ‘‘children with disabilities’’ any such child
as defined in section 602 of the Individuals With
Disabilities Education Act;
(3) ‘‘early childhood education programs’’
means programs provided on a full-day or part-day
basis which provide the educational, nutritional, so-
cial, medical, psychological, and physical services
needed for young children to attain their full poten-
tial;
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(4) 
‘‘economically 
disadvantaged 
children’’
means any child of a family having an annual in-
come below the lower living standards budget (ad-
justed for regional and metropolitan, urban, and
rural differences, and family size), as determined an-
nually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the De-
partment of Labor;
(5) ‘‘institution of higher education’’ means any
such institution as defined in section 1201 of the
Higher Education Act of 1965.
(6) ‘‘limited English proficiency’’ means such
individual as defined in section 7003(a) of the Bilin-
gual Education Act.
(7) ‘‘local educational agency’’ means any such
agency as defined in section 1471 of the Elementary
and Secondary Education Act of 1965;
(8) ‘‘locality’’ means any city or other munici-
pality or any county or other political subdivision of
a State having general governmental powers, or any
combination thereof;
(9) ‘‘minority group’’ means persons who are
African-American, Native American, Alaskan Native,
Native Hawaiian, Hispanic American, Asian Amer-
ican, Pacific Island American and, as determined by
the Secretary, or children who are from environ-
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ments in which a dominant language is other than
English.
(10) ‘‘parent’’ means any person who has day-
to-day parental responsibility for any child;
(11) ‘‘program’’ includes any program, service,
or activity, which is conducted full or part-time, day
or night, in early childhood education facilities, in
schools, in neighborhood centers, or in homes, or
which provides early childhood education for children
whose parents are working or receiving education or
training;
(12) ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Edu-
cation;
(13) ‘‘single parent’’ means any person who has
sole day-to-day responsibility for any child;
(14) ‘‘State’’ means each of the fifty States, the
District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Is-
lands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands, and Palau (until the effective date of the
Compact of Free Association with the Government
of Palau); and
(15) ‘‘working mother’’ means any mother who
requires child care services under this Act in order
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to undertake or continue full or part-time work,
training, or education outside the home.
SEC. 502. NUTRITION SERVICES.
In accordance with the purposes of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Education shall establish procedures to assure
that adequate nutrition services will be provided in early
childhood education programs under this Act. Such serv-
ices shall make use of the Special Food Services Program
for children as defined under the National School Lunch
Act of 1946 and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 to the
fullest extent appropriate and consistent with the provi-
sions of such Acts.
SEC. 503. SPECIAL PROVISIONS.
(a) The Secretary may make such grants, contracts,
or agreements, establish such procedures, policies, rules,
and regulations, and make such payments, in installments
and in advance or by way of reimbursement, or otherwise
allocate or expend funds made available under this title,
including necessary adjustments in payments on account
of overpayment or underpayment. Subject to the provi-
sions of section 504, the Secretary may also withhold
funds otherwise payable under this Act in order to recover
any amounts expended in the current or immediately prior
fiscal year in violation of any provision of this title or any
term or condition of assistance under this title.
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(b) The Secretary shall prescribe regulations to as-
sure that programs under this title have adequate internal
administrative controls, accounting requirements, person-
nel standards, evaluation procedures, and other policies as
may be necessary to promote the effective use of funds.
(c) The Secretary shall not provide financial assist-
ance for any program under this Act unless the grant, con-
tract, or agreement with respect thereto specifically pro-
vides that no person with responsibilities in the operation
of such program will discriminate with respect to any pro-
gram participant or any applicant for participation in such
program because of race, creed, color, national origin, sex,
sexual orientation, political affiliation, or beliefs.
(d) The Secretary shall not provide financial assist-
ance for any program under this Act which involves politi-
cal activities; and neither the program, the funds provided
therefor, nor personnel employed in the administration
thereof, shall be, in any way or to any extent, engaged
in the conduct of political activities.
(e) The Secretary shall not provide financial assist-
ance for any program under this Act unless the Secretary
determines that no funds will be used for, and no person
will be employed under the program on, the construction,
operation, or maintenance of so much of any facility as
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is for use for sectarian instruction or as a place for reli-
gious worship.
(f) A child participating in a program assisted under
this Act shall not be required to undergo medical or psy-
chological examination (except to the extent related to
learning ability), or treatment, if the child’s parent or
guardian objects thereto.
SEC. 504. WITHHOLDING OF GRANTS.
Whenever the Secretary, after reasonable notice and
opportunity for a hearing to any prime sponsor or project
applicant, finds—
(1) that there has been a failure to comply sub-
stantially with any requirement set forth in the plan
of any such prime sponsor approved under section
104;
(2) that there has been a failure to comply sub-
stantially with any requirement set forth in the ap-
plication of any such project applicant approved pur-
suant section 105; or
(3) that in the operation of any program or
project carried out by any such prime sponsor or
project applicant under this Act there is a failure to
comply substantially with any applicable provision of
this Act or regulation promulgated thereunder; the
Secretary shall notify such prime sponsor or project
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applicant of his/her findings and that no further
payments may be made to such sponsor or applicant
under this Act until the Secretary is satisfied that
there is no longer any such failure to comply, or the
noncompliance will be promptly corrected. The Sec-
retary may authorize the continuation of payments
with respect to any project assisted under this Act
which is being carried out pursuant to such plan or
application and which is not involved in the non-
compliance.
SEC. 505. PUBLIC INFORMATION.
(a) Applications for designation as prime sponsors,
comprehensive early childhood education plans, project ap-
plications, and all written material pertaining thereto shall
be made readily available without charge on the public by
the prime sponsor, the applicant, and the Secretary.
(b) The Secretary is directed to establish appropriate
procedures to ensure that no child shall be the subject of
any research or experimentation under this Act other than
routine testing and normal program evaluation unless the
parent or guardian of such child is informed of such re-
search or experimentation and is given an opportunity as
of right to except such child therefrom.
(c) Nothing in this Act shall be construed or applied
in such a manner as to infringe upon or usurp the moral
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and legal rights and responsibilities of parents or guard-
ians with respect to the moral, mental, emotional, or phys-
ical development of their children. Nor shall any section
of this Act be construed or applied in such a manner as
to permit any invasion of privacy otherwise protected by
law, or to abridge any legal remedies for any such invasion
which is otherwise provided by law.
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