‘‘(II) in the case of any subse-
quent vacancy in the office of Direc-
tor, not later than 60 days after the 
date on which the vacancy occurs. 
‘‘(iii) APPOINTMENTS WITHOUT REC-
OMMENDATIONS.—If the commission does 
not make its recommendations to the 
President within the applicable 60-day pe-
riod provided in clause (ii), the President 
may appoint a Director without receiving 
such recommendations. 
‘‘(C) TERM OF OFFICE.—The term of of-
fice of the Director shall be 10 years. An indi-
vidual appointed Director under subparagraph 
(A) shall not be eligible for reappointment to 
such office. An individual may serve as Director 
after the expiration of the term for which the 
individual was appointed until a successor has 
been appointed. 
‘‘(D) REMOVAL FROM OFFICE.—The Presi-
dent may remove the Director solely for ineffi-
ciency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. 
‘‘(2) DEPUTY DIRECTOR.—The Director shall 
appoint a Deputy Director of the United States 
Copyright Office, who shall be vested with the au-
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thority to act in the capacity of the Director in the 
event of the absence or incapacity of the Director. 
Before appointing a Deputy Director, the Director 
shall consult with the commission. The Deputy Di-
rector shall be a citizen of the United States and 
shall be appointed without regard to political affili-
ation. 
‘‘(3) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Director and Dep-
uty Director shall be persons who have a profes-
sional background and experience in copyright law. 
‘‘(c) OTHER OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES.—The Di-
rector shall appoint and fix the pay of such other officers, 
employees (including attorneys), and agents of the Office 
as the Director considers necessary to carry out the func-
tions of the Office, define the title, authority, and duties 
of such officers and employees, and delegate to them such 
of the powers vested in the Office as the Director may 
determine. The Director shall appoint officers and employ-
ees under this subsection who have responsibility for ad-
ministering technology and data systems of the Office. 
‘‘(d) ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES.— 
All administrative functions and duties under this title, 
except as otherwise specified, are the responsibility of the 
Director. 
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‘‘(e) SPECIFIC POWERS AND DUTIES.—In addition to 
the powers and duties set forth in other provisions of this 
title, the Office— 
‘‘(1) shall advise Congress on national and 
international issues relating to copyright, other mat-
ters arising under this title, and related matters; 
‘‘(2) shall provide advice and assistance to the 
executive branch and the Judiciary on national and 
international issues relating to copyright, other mat-
ters arising under this title, and related matters; 
‘‘(3) shall participate in meetings of inter-
national intergovernmental organizations and meet-
ings with foreign government officials, and shall 
serve on United States delegations, relating to copy-
right, other matters arising under this title, and re-
lated matters; 
‘‘(4) shall conduct studies and programs re-
garding copyright, other matters arising under this 
title, and related matters, the administration of the 
Copyright Office, or any function vested in the 
Copyright Office by law, including educational pro-
grams conducted cooperatively with foreign intellec-
tual property offices and international intergovern-
mental organizations; 
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‘‘(5) shall review and maintain its records and 
provide services in a manner that reflects applicable 
technological needs and developments; 
‘‘(6) shall promptly register any copyright claim 
for which a deposit, application, and fee have been 
delivered to the Office, within a period that does not 
adversely impact the timely enforcement of rights 
and remedies granted under this title; 
‘‘(7) shall perform such other functions as Con-
gress may direct, or as may be appropriate in fur-
therance of the functions and duties specifically set 
forth in this title; and 
‘‘(8) shall adopt a seal to be used to authen-
ticate all certified documents issued by the Copy-
right Office. 
‘‘(f) ROLE AS CONGRESSIONAL ADVISOR.—No officer 
or agency of the United States shall have any authority 
to require the Director or any other officer or employee 
of the Copyright Office to submit legislative recommenda-
tions, or testimony or comments on legislation, to any offi-
cer or agency of the United States for approval, com-
ments, or review before the submission of such rec-
ommendations, testimony, or comments to Congress. 
‘‘(g) ADDITIONAL OPERATIONAL AUTHORITIES.— 
The Office— 
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‘‘(1) may acquire, construct, purchase, lease, 
hold, manage, operate, improve, alter, and renovate 
any real, personal, or mixed property, or any interest 
therein, as it considers necessary to carry out its 
functions; 
‘‘(2) may make such purchases, contracts for 
the construction, maintenance, or management and 
operation of facilities, and contracts for supplies or 
services, including information technology, as it con-
siders necessary to carry out the functions of the Of-
fice, without regard to the provisions of subtitle I 
and chapter 33 of title 40, division C (except sec-
tions 3302, 3501(b), 3509, 3906, 4710, and 4711) 
of subtitle I of title 41, and the McKinney-Vento 
Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11301 et seq.); 
‘‘(3) may enter into and perform such pur-
chases and contracts for printing services, including 
the processes of composition, platemaking, press-
work, silk screen processes, binding, and microform, 
and the products of such processes, as it considers 
necessary to carry out the functions of the Office, 
without regard to sections 501 through 517 and 
1101 through 1123 of title 44; 
‘‘(4) may use, with their consent, services, 
equipment, personnel, and facilities of other depart-
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ments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the Fed-
eral Government, on a reimbursable basis; and 
‘‘(5) may retain and use, to carry out the func-
tions of the Office, all of its revenues and receipts, 
including revenues from the sale, lease, or disposal 
of any real, personal, or mixed property, or any in-
terest therein, of the Office. 
‘‘(h) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Director shall, not later 
than 180 days after the end of each fiscal year, make and 
publish an annual report of the work and accomplishments 
of the Copyright Office for that fiscal year.’’. 
(b) DIRECTOR DEFINED.—Section 101 of title 17, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by inserting after the definition of ‘‘digital 
transmission’’ the following: 
‘‘The term ‘Director’ means the Director of the 
United States Copyright Office.’’; and 
(2) by inserting after the definition of ‘‘copies’’ 
the following: 
‘‘The terms ‘Copyright Office’ and ‘Office’ 
mean the United States Copyright Office.’’. 
SEC. 3. MODERNIZING COPYRIGHT REGISTRATION. 
(a) REGISTRATION
IN GENERAL.—Section 408 of 
title 17, United States Code, is amended— 
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(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘the deposit 
specified by this section’’ and inserting ‘‘any exam-
ination copies required by regulations issued under 
this section’’; 
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) EXAMINATION COPIES FOR COPYRIGHT REG-
ISTRATION.— 
‘‘(1) The Director shall issue regulations speci-
fying the form, quality, and content of examination 
copies of works to be submitted under subsection 
(a). Such regulations shall include provisions gov-
erning the retention and disposition of examination 
copies, and may, in the Director’s discretion, include 
appropriate administrative classifications, group reg-
istration practices, and other provisions that both fa-
cilitate registration and establish a meaningful pub-
lic record. The administrative classification of works 
has no significance with respect to the subject mat-
ter of copyright or the exclusive rights provided by 
this title. 
‘‘(2) Pursuant to regulations issued by the Di-
rector upon consultation with the Librarian of Con-
gress, the Director shall provide the Library of Con-
gress access to examination copies and related data 
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solely for the Library’s determination of whether to 
demand a deposit under section 407 or to otherwise 
engage with copyright owners regarding works of au-
thorship that may be of curatorial and collection in-
terest to the national library. The Director shall con-
sult with the Librarian of Congress, as the Director 
considers appropriate, on other matters of common 
interest.’’; 
(3) by striking subsection (c) and redesignating 
subsections (d), (e), and (f) as subsections (c), (d), 
and (e), respectively; and 
(4) in subsection (e)(3)(B), as redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘a deposit’’ and inserting ‘‘an examination 
copy’’. 
(b) RETENTION AND DISPOSITION OF ARTICLES DE-
POSITED IN COPYRIGHT OFFICE.—Section 704 of title 17, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (b) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(b) In the case of published works deposited pursu-
ant to section 407, all copies, phonorecords, and identi-
fying material deposited are available to the Library of 
Congress for its collections, or for exchange or transfer 
to any other library according to regulations issued by the 
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Director that prescribe the period of retention and applica-
ble conditions.’’; and 
(2) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and re-
designating subsection (e) as subsection (c). 
SEC. 4. PAY OF DIRECTOR, DEPUTY DIRECTOR, AND ASSO-
CIATE DIRECTORS. 
(a) PAY OF DIRECTOR.—Section 5314 of title 5, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Register of 
Copyrights’’ and inserting ‘‘Director of the United States 
Copyright Office’’. 
(b) PAY OF DEPUTY DIRECTOR.—Section 5315 of 
title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘Deputy Director of the United States Copy-
right Office.’’. 
SEC. 5. COPYRIGHT ADVISORY BOARD. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONS.—Chapter 7 
of title 17, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following new section: 
‘‘§ 710. Copyright Advisory Board 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Director shall establish 
a Copyright Advisory Board to advise and consult with 
the Copyright Office in the exercise of its functions under 
the copyright laws, and to provide information on emerg-
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ing practices regarding copyright, including technology 
practices. 
‘‘(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Director shall appoint the 
Copyright Advisory Board. In doing so, the Director shall 
seek to assemble experts in copyright law and practice, 
including authors, licensees, licensing organizations, public 
interest organizations, nonprofit organizations, and tech-
nology providers. 
‘‘(c) MEETINGS.—The Copyright Advisory Board 
shall meet from time to time at the call of the Director, 
but, at a minimum, shall meet at least twice in each year. 
‘‘(d) COMPENSATION
AND TRAVEL EXPENSES.— 
Members of the Copyright Advisory Board shall not re-
ceive compensation by reason of their service on the Advi-
sory Board, but shall be allowed travel expenses, including 
per diem in lieu of subsistence, under subchapter I of 
chapter 57 of title 5. 
‘‘(e) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT.—The 
Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not 
apply to the Copyright Advisory Board.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions for chapter 7 of title 17, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘709. Copyright Advisory Board.’’. 
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SEC. 6. TRANSFER OF ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
(a) INTERIM ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT BY THE LI-
BRARY OF CONGRESS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.— 
(A) SUPPORT
BY
LIBRARIAN
OF
CON-
GRESS.—Until such time as the first Director 
of the United States Copyright Office is ap-
pointed under section 701 of title 17, United 
States Code, as amended by section 2(a) of this 
Act, the Librarian of Congress shall continue to 
perform, on and after the effective date of this 
Act, any administrative functions the Librarian 
performs, on the day before such effective date, 
for or to the benefit of the Copyright Office (in-
cluding the Copyright Royalty Judges). 
(B) TRANSFER OF ADMINISTRATIVE FUNC-
TIONS.—On the date on which the first Direc-
tor of the United States Copyright Office is ap-
pointed under section 701 of title 17, United 
States Code, the administrative functions de-
scribed in subparagraph (A) shall be trans-
ferred to the Director. 
(2) COOPERATION OF LIBRARY.—The Librarian 
of Congress shall ensure the full cooperation of the 
Library of Congress with the Director and facilitate 
access to any records or other information the Direc-
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tor requests for purposes of carrying out the trans-
fer of administrative functions to the Director. 
(b) LEASING OF SPACE BY GSA FOR THE UNITED 
STATES COPYRIGHT OFFICE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of 
funds, the Administrator of the General Services Ad-
ministration may acquire real property by lease for 
the use of the United States Copyright Office in the 
District of Columbia. 
(2) LIMITATION.—No obligation entered into 
pursuant to the authority of this subsection shall be 
in advance of, or in excess of, available appropria-
tions. 
(c) STATUS REPORT.—Not later than 18 months 
after the date of the appointment of the first Director 
under section 701 of title 17, United States Code, the Di-
rector shall submit to Congress the following: 
(1) A status report regarding the transfer of 
administrative functions under this section and mod-
ernization objectives of the Copyright Office, includ-
ing improvements to staffing, fee schedules, tech-
nology, and services. 
(2) Recommendations for additional amend-
ments to title 17, United States Code, that are nec-
essary by reason of the enactment of this Act or to 
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assist the Copyright Office in its modernization ef-
forts. 
(3) Such other recommendations that the Di-
rector considers appropriate. 
(d) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this section, the 
term ‘‘administrative functions’’ includes, but is not lim-
ited to, any operational support, information technology, 
physical space, and any other support services that the 
Library of Congress was providing to the Copyright Office 
as of the day before the effective date of this Act. 
SEC. 7. STUDY OF MANDATORY DEPOSIT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the United States 
Copyright Office shall conduct a study on the future ad-
ministration of mandatory deposit provisions in section 
407 of title 17, United States Code. Such study shall cover 
the following: 
(1) The history of the mandatory deposit provi-
sions and their application to the digital era. 
(2) The Library’s preferences regarding format 
or quality when seeking deposits that are appro-
priate to preservation efforts. 
(3) The concerns of copyright owners relating 
to the Library’s retention of works, copying of works 
for preservation purposes, and copying or sharing 
required to make such works, including digital 
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works, available to Library patrons or the public at 
large. 
(4) Observations regarding the legal and admin-
istrative conditions under which the Copyright Office 
may transfer to the Library the responsibility for 
administering such section 407. 
(5) Relevant experience from foreign countries 
that have adopted similar or analogous regimes for 
the benefit of their national libraries, archives, or 
other institutions. 
(6) Such recommendations, including rec-
ommendations for statutory changes, that the Direc-
tor considers appropriate. 
(b) SUBMISSION OF REPORT TO CONGRESS.—The 
Director of the United States Copyright Office shall, not 
later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, submit to Congress a report on the results of the 
study conducted under subsection (a). The Director shall 
also publish the report on the website of the Copyright 
Office. 
(c) PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD.—In conducting the 
study under subsection (a), the Director of the United 
States Copyright Office shall provide an opportunity for 
the submission of public comments on the subject matter 
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of the study, and shall publish with the study the re-
sponses of the Director to those comments. 
SEC. 8. TECHNOLOGY STUDIES. 
The Director of the United States Copyright Office 
shall periodically conduct studies of the information tech-
nology and operations of the United States Copyright Of-
fice in order to ensure that the Office has the technology 
and staff necessary to establish and maintain a modern 
copyright system. Such studies shall— 
(1) evaluate the effectiveness of current tech-
nologies and staff in meeting the needs of the copy-
right community, including internal and external 
users; and 
(2) analyze potential improvements in tech-
nologies and staff to meet those needs. 
SEC. 9. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. 
(a) AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 17, UNITED STATES 
CODE.— 
(1) Section 111(d) of title 17, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Librarian of Con-
gress’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Direc-
tor’’. 
(2) Section 119(b) of title 17, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Librarian of Con-
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gress’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Direc-
tor’’. 
(3) Section 410(d) of title 17, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘deposit’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘examination copy’’. 
(4) Section 411(a) of title 17, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘deposit’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘examination copy’’. 
(5) Section 702 of title 17, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘All regulations established 
by the Register under this title are subject to the 
approval of the Librarian of Congress.’’. 
(6) Section 704(d) of title 17, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ‘‘deposit’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘examination copy’’. 
(7) Section 705 of title 17, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘deposits’’ each place it ap-
pears and inserting ‘‘examination copies’’. 
(8) Section 709 of title 17, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘deposit’’ and inserting ‘‘ex-
amination copy’’. 
(9) Section 801 of title 17, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
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