IA 
★ 
108TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. J. RES. 37
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relative 
to equal rights for men and women. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 12, 2003
Mrs. MALONEY (for herself, Mr. LEACH, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. KOLBE, Ms. 
PELOSI, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. HOYER, Mr. SWEENEY, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. 
CASTLE, Mr. CLYBURN, Mr. SIMMONS, Mr. DAVIS of Florida, Mrs. 
BIGGERT, Mr. KIND, Mr. GREENWOOD, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. FRELING-
HUYSEN, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. OSE, Mr. ACEVEDO-VILA´, Mr. ACKER-
MAN, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. BACA, Mr. BAIRD, Ms. BALDWIN, 
Mr. BALLANCE, Mr. BECERRA, Mr. BELL, Ms. BERKLEY, Mr. BERMAN, 
Mr. BISHOP of New York, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, Mr. BLUMENAUER, 
Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. BOSWELL, Ms. BORDALLO, Mr. BOYD, Mr. BRADY 
of Pennsylvania, Ms. CORRINE BROWN of Florida, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, 
Mr. BOUCHER, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. CARDOZA, 
Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma, Mr. CASE, Mrs. 
CHRISTENSEN, Mr. CLAY, Mr. COOPER, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. CRAMER, 
Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. CUMMINGS, Mr. DAVIS of Alabama, Mr. DAVIS of Illi-
nois, Mrs. DAVIS of California, Mr. DEFAZIO, Ms. DEGETTE, Mr. 
DELAHUNT, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. DEUTSCH, Mr. DICKS, Mr. DOGGETT, 
Mr. DOOLEY of California, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. EMANUEL, 
Mr. ENGEL, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. EVANS, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. FATTAH, 
Mr. FARR, Mr. FILNER, Mr. FORD, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. 
FROST, Mr. GREEN of Texas, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. 
GUTIERREZ, Mr. HALL, Ms. HARMAN, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. 
HILL, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. HINOJOSA, Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. HOLT, Ms. 
HOOLEY of Oregon, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. HONDA, Mr. INSLEE, Mr. ISRAEL, 
Mr. JACKSON of Illinois, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Mr. JEFFERSON, 
Mr. JOHN, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mrs. JONES of 
Ohio, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island, Mr. KILDEE, Ms. 
KILPATRICK, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. LANGEVIN, Mr. LAN-
TOS, Mr. LARSEN of Washington, Mr. LARSON of Connecticut, Ms. LEE, 
Mr. LEVIN, Ms. LOFGREN, Mrs. LOWEY, Mr. LYNCH, Ms. MAJETTE, Mr. 
MARKEY, Mr. MATSUI, Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York, Ms. MCCARTHY 
of Missouri, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. 
MCNULTY, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. MEEK of Florida, Mr. MEEKS of New 
York, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California,
•HJ 37 IH1S 
Mr. MOORE, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. NADLER, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, 
Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Ms. NORTON, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. OLVER, 
Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. OWENS, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. PASCRELL, Mr. PASTOR, Mr. 
PAYNE, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, Mr. PRICE of North Carolina, Mr. 
RAHALL, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. REYES, Mr. RODRIGUEZ, Mr. ROTHMAN, Ms. 
ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. RUPPERSBERGER, Mr. RUSH, Mr. RYAN of Ohio, 
Mr. SABO, Ms. LINDA T. SA´NCHEZ of California, Ms. LORETTA SANCHEZ 
of California, Mr. SANDERS, Mr. SANDLIN, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. 
SCHIFF, Mr. SCOTT of Georgia, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. SHERMAN, Ms. 
SLAUGHTER, Mr. SMITH of Washington, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. SPRATT, Mr. 
STARK, Mr. STRICKLAND, Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. TIERNEY, Mr. THOMP-
SON of Mississippi, Mr. THOMPSON of California, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. TURN-
ER of Texas, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, Mr. UDALL of New Mexico, Ms. 
VELA´ZQUEZ, Ms. WATERS, Ms. WATSON, Mr. WATT, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. 
WEINER, Mr. WEXLER, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. WU, and Mr. WYNN) intro-
duced the following joint resolution; which was referred to the Committee 
on the Judiciary 
JOINT RESOLUTION 
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United 
States relative to equal rights for men and women.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-
thirds of each House concurring therein), That the fol-
lowing article is proposed as an amendment to the Con-
stitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all 
intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when 
ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several 
States: 
‘‘ARTICLE —
‘‘SECTION 1. Equality of rights under the law shall 
not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any 
State on account of sex.
•HJ 37 IH1S 
‘‘SECTION 2. The Congress shall have the power to 
enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this 
article.
‘‘SECTION 3. This amendment shall take effect two 
years after the date of ratification.’’.
Æ