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‘‘SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘For purposes of this joint resolution, the following 
definitions apply: 
‘‘(1) HOSTILITIES.—The term ‘hostilities’ in-
cludes any situation involving any use of direct or 
indirect, lethal or potentially lethal force by United 
States Forces against regular or irregular military 
forces or against any military or civilian target, irre-
spective of the domain, including armed conflict, in-
telligence sharing, mid-air refueling, cyber attacks, 
targeting assistance, acts that violate the sovereignty 
of a foreign country, and purposeful destruction of 
property considered to be an exercise of use of force, 
irrespective of whether such force is offensive or de-
fensive, kinetic or non-kinetic, or deployed remotely, 
the intermittency, intensity, or severity of such force, 
the scope of the mission or objectives, or the extent 
to which the mission exposes United States Forces 
to risk of casualty or the risk of escalation. 
‘‘(2) IMMINENT.—The term ‘imminent’, with 
respect to a threat of an attack, means the threat 
is instant, overwhelming, and leaves no choice of 
means and no moment for deliberation. 
‘‘(3) INTRODUCE.—The term ‘introduce’ in-
cludes— 
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•HJ 29 IH 
‘‘(A) any commitment, engagement, de-
ployment, or other involvement of United States 
Forces in hostilities, including the taking of 
self-defense measures by United States Forces 
in response to an attack, threatened attack, or 
imminent threat of attack in any foreign coun-
try, irrespective of whether United States 
Forces are present or operating launched, pi-
loted, or other remotely directed weapons sys-
tems from a non-battlefield location; and 
‘‘(B) the assigning or detailing of members 
of United States Forces to command, coordi-
nate, advise, assist, participate in the movement 
of, accompany, provide intelligence, or provide 
logistical or material support or training for 
any foreign regular or irregular military or po-
lice forces, including state actors or organized 
armed groups, if those forces are involved in 
hostilities (regardless of whether those hos-
tilities involve insurgent forces of the military 
forces of a foreign country). 
‘‘(4) TRAINING.—The term ‘training’ has the 
meaning given the term ‘military education and 
training’ in section 644 of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2403), but does not include 
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•HJ 29 IH 
training that is comprised entirely of observance of 
and respect for the law of armed conflict, human 
rights, and fundamental freedoms, the rule of law, 
or civilian control of the military. 
‘‘(5) UNITED
STATES; COUNTRY.—The terms 
‘United States’ and ‘foreign country’, when used in 
a geographic sense— 
‘‘(A) mean the territory, airspace, or 
waters of the United States or the foreign coun-
try; and 
‘‘(B) includes territories and possessions. 
‘‘(6) UNITED
STATES
FORCES.—The term 
‘United States Forces’— 
‘‘(A) means the armed forces (as such 
term is defined in section 101(a)(4) of title 10, 
United States Code) and includes persons em-
ployed by, or under contract to, or under the di-
rection of any department or agency of the 
United States Government; and 
‘‘(B) includes capabilities established, di-
rected, or otherwise used by such armed forces 
or persons that produces or results in an effect 
or condition designed to accomplish a military 
objective. 
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•HJ 29 IH 
‘‘SEC. 10. SEPARABILITY CLAUSE. 
‘‘If any provision of this joint resolution or the appli-
cation thereof to any person or circumstance is held in-
valid, the remainder of the joint resolution and the appli-
cation of such provision to any other person or cir-
cumstance shall not be affected thereby.’’. 
Æ 
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