‘‘(4) POLLUTANT OR CONTAMINANT.—The term
‘pollutant or contaminant’ has the meaning such
term has under such section 101.’’.
(c) FEDERAL TRANSIT PROGRAMS.—
(1) BLOCK GRANTS.—Section 5307(b) of title
49, United States Code, is amended by adding at
the end the following:
‘‘(6) 
ASSESSMENT
AND
CLEANUP
OF
BROWNFIELD
SITES.—Amounts under this section
may also be made available for assessment and
cleanup of brownfield sites relating to projects fund-
ed under this title, projects on the rights-of-way of
facilities constructed under this title before, on, or
after the date of the enactment of this paragraph,
and projects for development of a brownfield site if
such development will provide a substantive and de-
monstrable benefit to mass transportation, including
reduction of congestion, increased use of mass tran-
sit, and improved access to a transportation facility.
Such assessments and cleanups shall be carried out
in accordance with all applicable Federal law and
regulations.’’.
(2) DISCRETIONARY GRANTS AND LOANS.—Sec-
tion 5309(a) of such title 49 is amended—
(A) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of sub-
paragraph (F);
(B) by striking the period at the end of
subparagraph (G) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(H) in accordance with all applicable Fed-
eral law and regulations, assessment and clean-
up of brownfield sites relating to projects fund-
ed under this title, projects on the rights-of-way
of facilities constructed under this title before,
on, or after the date of the enactment of this
subparagraph, and projects for development of
a brownfield site if such development will pro-
vide a substantive and demonstrable benefit to
mass transportation, including reduction of con-
gestion, increased use of mass transit, and im-
proved access to a transportation facility.’’.
(3) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR OTHER THAN
URBANIZED
AREAS.—Section 5311(b)(1) of such
title 49 is amended by inserting before the period at
the end of the first sentence the following: ‘‘and, in
accordance with all applicable Federal law and regu-
lations, assessment and cleanup of brownfield sites
relating to projects funded under this section,
projects on the rights-of-way of facilities constructed
under this section before, on, or after the date of the
enactment of the National Initiative on Surface
Transportation and the Environment Act, and
projects for development of a brownfield site if such
development will provide a substantive and demon-
strable benefit to mass transportation, including re-
duction of congestion, increased use of mass transit,
and improved access to a transportation facility in
such areas’’.
(4) DEFINITIONS.—Section 5302(a) of such
title 49 is amended—
(A) 
by 
redesignating 
paragraphs 
(1)
through (13) as paragraphs (2) through (14),
respectively; and
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as
so redesignated, the following:
‘‘(1) BROWNFIELD SITE.—The term ‘brownfield
site’ means a parcel of land that contains or con-
tained abandoned or underused commercial, indus-
trial, or public facility, the expansion or redevelop-
ment of which may be complicated by the presence
or potential presence of hazardous substances, pol-
lutants, or contaminants. In this paragraph, the
terms ‘facility’, ‘hazardous substance’, and ‘pollutant
or contaminant’ have the meaning such terms have
under section 101 of the Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601).’’.
SEC. 4. WETLANDS RESTORATION PROGRAM.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Chapter 1 of title 23, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the follow-
ing:
‘‘§ 162. Wetlands restoration program
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a wetlands restoration program under which the Sec-
retary may make grants to States for projects to mitigate
against losses of wetlands that have occurred as a result
of Federal-aid highway construction projects carried out
before the date of the enactment of this section.
‘‘(b) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.—The Secretary shall
allocate funds made available to carry out this section for
a fiscal year among the States in the ratio that the num-
ber of acres of wetlands lost by each State as a result
of Federal-aid highway construction projects in the pre-
ceding fiscal year bears to the number of acres of wetlands
lost by all States as a result of such projects in such fiscal
year; except that no State may receive more than 5 per-
cent of such funds.
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There
is authorized to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) $16,666,000
per fiscal year for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003
to carry out this section. Such sums shall remain available
until expended.’’.
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions for such chapter is amended by adding at the end
the following:
‘‘162. Wetlands restoration program.’’.
SEC. 5. NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION.
(a) USE OF STP FUNDS FOR MITIGATION OF WATER
POLLUTION.—Section 133(d) of title 23, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(3) FOR
MITIGATION
OF
WATER
POLLU-
TION.—1 percent of the funds apportioned to a
State under section 104(b)(3) for a fiscal year shall
only be available for monitoring, mitigating, and
cleaning up water pollution due to highway runoff.’’.
(b) APPLIED RESEARCH
AND TECHNOLOGY PRO-
GRAM.—Section 307(e) of such title is amended—
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (9) through
(13) as paragraphs (10) through (14), respectively;
and
(2) by inserting after paragraph (8) the follow-
ing:
‘‘(9) POROUS PAVING MATERIALS.—As part of
the program under this subsection, the Secretary
shall carry out a program to assess the benefits of
using porous paving materials for highways and
parking lots as a method of mitigating water pollu-
tion due to highway runoff.’’.
SEC. 6. INCENTIVES FOR REDUCTIONS IN MOTOR VEHICLE
EMISSIONS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 1 of title 23, United
States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the
following:
‘‘§ 163. Incentives for reductions in motor vehicle
emissions
‘‘(a) GRANTS TO MPO’S.—
‘‘(1) AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.—The Sec-
retary may make grants to up to 10 metropolitan
planning organizations designated under section 134
for implementing alternative transportation strate-
gies to achieve reductions in motor vehicle emissions.
Such strategies include coordinating land uses with
transportation systems, creating balanced commer-
cial and residential regions, promoting alternative
fuel vehicles and alternative transport strategies, de-
signing local modeling systems, and increasing full
public participation.
‘‘(2) AMOUNT OF GRANTS.—Each grant made
to a metropolitan planning organization under this