118 
any mining claim, notice of location, application, 
record, report, plan, or other document filed or re-
quired to be maintained under this Act; 
(2) fails to abate a violation covered by a ces-
sation order issued under subsection (a); 
(3) fails to comply with an order of the Sec-
retary concerned; 
(4) refuses to permit an audit pursuant to this 
Act; 
(5) fails to maintain an adequate financial as-
surance under section 306; 
(6) fails to pay claim maintenance fees, rentals, 
or other moneys due and owing under this Act; or 
(7) with regard to plans conditionally approved 
under section 305(c)(2), fails to abate a violation to 
the satisfaction of the Secretary concerned, or if the 
validity of the violation is upheld on the appeal 
which formed the basis for the conditional approval. 
(f) FALSE STATEMENTS; TAMPERING.—Any person 
who knowingly— 
(1) makes any false material statement, rep-
resentation, or certification in, or omits or conceals 
material information from, or unlawfully alters, any 
mining claim, notice of location, application, record, 
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report, plan, or other documents filed or required to 
be maintained under this Act; or 
(2) falsifies, tampers with, renders inaccurate, or 
fails to install any monitoring device or method re-
quired to be maintained under this Act, 
shall upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more 
than $10,000, or by imprisonment for not more than 2 
years, or by both. If a conviction of a person is for a viola-
tion committed after a first conviction of such person under 
this subsection, punishment shall be by a fine of not more 
than $20,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment of 
not more than 4 years, or both. Each day of continuing 
violation may be deemed a separate violation for purposes 
of penalty assessments. 
(g) KNOWING VIOLATIONS.—Any person who know-
ingly— 
(1) engages in mineral activities without a per-
mit required under title II; or 
(2) violates any other requirement of a permit 
issued under this Act, or any condition or limitation 
thereof, 
shall upon conviction be punished by a fine of not less than 
$5,000 nor more than $50,000 per day of violation, or by 
imprisonment for not more than 3 years, or both. If a con-
viction of a person is for a violation committed after the 
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first conviction of such person under this subsection, pun-
ishment shall be a fine of not less than $10,000 per day 
of violation, or by imprisonment of not more than 6 years, 
or both. 
(h) KNOWING AND WILLFUL VIOLATIONS.—Any person 
who knowingly and willfully commits an act for which a 
civil penalty is provided in paragraph (1) of subsection (g) 
shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more 
than $50,000, or by imprisonment for not more than 2 
years, or both. 
(i) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this section, the 
term ‘‘person’’ includes any officer, agent, or employee of 
a person. 
SEC. 508. REGULATIONS. 
The Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
issue such regulations as are necessary to implement this 
Act. The regulations implementing titles II and III and this 
title that affect the Forest Service shall be joint regulations 
issued by both Secretaries, and shall be issued not later than 
180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 509. OIL SHALE CLAIMS. 
Section 2511(f) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (30 
U.S.C. 242(f); Public Law 102–486) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘as prescribed by the Secretary’’; 
and 
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(2) by inserting before the period the following: 
‘‘in the same manner as required by title II of the 
Hardrock Leasing and Reclamation Act of 2019’’. 
SEC. 510. SAVINGS CLAUSE. 
(a) SPECIAL APPLICATION OF MINING LAWS.—Noth-
ing in this Act shall be construed as repealing or modifying 
any Federal law, regulation, order, or land use plan, in 
effect prior to the date of enactment of this Act that pro-
hibits or restricts the application of the general mining 
laws, including laws that provide for special management 
criteria for operations under the general mining laws as 
in effect prior to the date of enactment of this Act, to the 
extent such laws provide for protection of natural and cul-
tural resources and the environment greater than required 
under this Act, and any such prior law shall remain in 
force and effect with respect to claims converted to leases 
under this Act. Nothing in this Act shall be construed as 
applying to or limiting mineral investigations, studies, or 
other mineral activities conducted by any Federal or State 
agency acting in its governmental capacity pursuant to 
other authority. Nothing in this Act shall affect or limit 
any assessment, investigation, evaluation, or listing pursu-
ant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Com-
pensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et 
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seq.), or the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 3251 et 
seq.). 
(b) EFFECT ON OTHER FEDERAL LAWS.— 
(1) GENERAL MINING LAWS.—The provisions of 
this Act shall supersede the general mining laws. 
(2) OTHER LAWS.—Except for the general min-
ing laws, nothing in this Act shall be construed as su-
perseding, modifying, amending, or repealing any 
provision of Federal law not expressly superseded, 
modified, amended, or repealed by this Act. 
(3) ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS.—Nothing in this Act 
shall be construed as altering, affecting, amending, 
modifying, or changing, directly or indirectly, any 
law which refers to and provides authorities or re-
sponsibilities for, or is administered by, the Environ-
mental Protection Agency or the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency, including— 
(A) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act 
(33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.); 
(B) The National Environmental Policy Act 
(42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); 
(C) title XIV of the Public Health Service 
Act (the Safe Drinking Water Act) (42 U.S.C. 
300f et seq.); 
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(D) the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
seq.); 
(E) the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 
(42 U.S.C. 13101 et seq.); 
(F) the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 
U.S.C. 2601 et seq.); 
(G) the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and 
Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.; 
(H) the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.); 
(I) the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost 
Savings Act (15 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.); 
(J) the Federal Hazardous Substances Act 
(15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.); 
(K) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
U.S.C. 1540); 
(L) the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 
U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); 
(M) the Noise Control Act of 1972 (42 
U.S.C. 4901 et seq.); 
(N) the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 
U.S.C. 6901 et seq.); 
(O) the Comprehensive Environmental Re-
sponse, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 
(42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.); 
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(P) the Superfund Amendments and Reau-
thorization Act of 1986 (Public Law 99–499; 100 
Stat. 1613); 
(Q) the Ocean Dumping Act (33 U.S.C. 
1401 et seq.); 
(R) the Environmental Research, Develop-
ment, and Demonstration Authorization Act of 
1978 (42 U.S.C. 4365); 
(S) the Pollution Prosecution Act of 1990 
(42 U.S.C. 4321 note; Public Law 101–593); 
(T) the Federal Facilities Compliance Act of 
1992 (Public Law 102–386; 106 Stat. 1505); and 
(U) any statute containing an amendment 
to any of such Acts. 
(4) FEDERAL INDIAN LAW.—Nothing in this Act 
shall be construed as modifying or affecting any pro-
vision of— 
(A) the Native American Graves Protection 
and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.); 
(B) American Indian Religious Freedom 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1996); 
(C) the National Historic Preservation Act 
(16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.); 
(D) the Religious Freedom Restoration Act 
of 1993 (42 U.S.C. 2000bb et seq.); or 
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(E) the Archaeological Resources Protection 
Act of 1979 (16 U.S.C. 470aa et seq.). 
(c) SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY OF INDIAN TRIBES.—Noth-
ing in this section shall be construed so as to waive the 
sovereign immunity of any Indian Tribe. 
SEC. 511. AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC RECORDS. 
Copies of records, reports, inspection materials, or in-
formation obtained by the Secretary or the Secretary of Ag-
riculture under this Act shall be made immediately avail-
able to the public, consistent with section 552 of title 5, 
United States Code, in central and sufficient locations in 
the county, multicounty, and State area of mineral activi-
ties or reclamation so that such items are conveniently 
available to residents in the area proposed or approved for 
mineral activities and on the internet. 
SEC. 512. MISCELLANEOUS POWERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out his or her duties 
under this Act, the Secretary concerned may conduct any 
investigation, inspection, or other inquiry necessary and 
appropriate and may conduct, after notice, any hearing or 
audit, necessary and appropriate to carrying out his or her 
duties. 
(b) ANCILLARY POWERS.—In connection with any 
hearing, inquiry, investigation, or audit under this Act, the 
Secretary, or for National Forest System lands the Sec-
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retary of Agriculture, is authorized to take any of the fol-
lowing actions: 
(1) Require, by special or general order, any per-
son to submit in writing such affidavits and answers 
to questions as the Secretary concerned may reason-
ably prescribe, which submission shall be made within 
such reasonable period and under oath or otherwise, 
as may be necessary. 
(2) Administer oaths. 
(3) Require by subpoena the attendance and tes-
timony of witnesses and the production of all books, 
papers, records, documents, matter, and materials, as 
such Secretary may request. 
(4) Order testimony to be taken by deposition be-
fore any person who is designated by such Secretary 
and who has the power to administer oaths, and to 
compel testimony and the production of evidence in 
the same manner as authorized under paragraph (3) 
of this subsection. 
(5) Pay witnesses the same fees and mileage as 
are paid in like circumstances in the courts of the 
United States. 
(c) ENFORCEMENT.—In cases of refusal to obey a sub-
poena served upon any person under this section, the dis-
trict court of the United States for any district in which 
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such person is found, resides, or transacts business, upon 
application by the Attorney General at the request of the 
Secretary concerned and after notice to such person, shall 
have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring such person 
to appear and produce documents before the Secretary con-
cerned. Any failure to obey such order of the court may 
be punished by such court as contempt thereof and subject 
to a penalty of up to $10,000 a day. 
(d) ENTRY AND ACCESS.—Without advance notice and 
upon presentation of appropriate credentials, the Secretary 
concerned or any authorized representative thereof— 
(1) shall have the right of entry to, upon, or 
through the site of any claim, license, lease, mineral 
activities, or any premises in which any records re-
quired to be maintained under this Act are located; 
(2) may at reasonable times, and without delay, 
have access to records, inspect any monitoring equip-
ment, or review any method of operation required 
under this Act; 
(3) may engage in any work and do all things 
necessary or expedient to implement and administer 
the provisions of this Act; 
(4) may, on any mining claim, license, or lease 
maintained in compliance with this Act, and without 
advance notice, stop and inspect any motorized form 
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of transportation that such Secretary has probable 
cause to believe is carrying hardrock minerals, con-
centrates, or products derived therefrom from a claim 
site for the purpose of determining whether the oper-
ator of such vehicle has documentation related to such 
hardrock minerals, concentrates, or products derived 
therefrom as required by law, if such documentation 
is required under this Act; and 
(5) may, if accompanied by any appropriate law 
enforcement officer, or an appropriate law enforce-
ment officer alone, stop and inspect any motorized 
form of transportation which is not on a claim site 
if he or she has probable cause to believe such vehicle 
is carrying hardrock minerals, concentrates, or prod-
ucts derived therefrom from a claim site, license, or 
lease on Federal lands or allocated to such claim site, 
license, or lease. Such inspection shall be for the pur-
pose of determining whether the operator of such vehi-
cle has the documentation required by law, if such 
documentation is required under this Act. 
SEC. 513. MINERAL MATERIALS. 
(a) DETERMINATIONS.—Section 3 of the Act of July 
23, 1955 (30 U.S.C. 611), is amended— 
(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘OR CINDERS’’ 
and inserting ‘‘CINDERS, AND CLAY’’; 
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