H. R. 7311—46 
to enable recovered abductees to resume normal lives in 
such communities; and 
(C) providing educational and vocational assistance; 
(4) the United States should work with the international 
community, including, as appropriate, third country govern-
ments, nongovernmental organizations, faith-based organiza-
tions, United Nations agencies, local governments, labor unions, 
and private enterprises— 
(A) to bring to justice rebel and paramilitary forces 
that kidnap children for use as child soldiers; 
(B) to recover those children who have been abducted; 
and 
(C) to assist such children to be rehabilitated and 
reintegrated into their respective communities; 
(5) the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Labor, and 
the Secretary of Defense should coordinate programs to achieve 
the goals described in paragraph (3); 
(6) United States diplomatic missions in countries in which 
the use of child soldiers is an issue, whether or not such 
use is supported or sanctioned by the governments of such 
countries, should include in their mission program plans a 
strategy to achieve the goals described in paragraph (3); 
(7) United States diplomatic missions in countries in which 
governments use or tolerate child soldiers should develop strate-
gies, as part of annual program planning— 
(A) to promote efforts to end such abuse of human 
rights; and 
(B) to identify and integrate global best practices, as 
available, into such strategies to avoid duplication of effort; 
and 
(8) in allocating or recommending the allocation of funds 
or recommending candidates for programs and grants funded 
by the United States Government, United States diplomatic 
missions should give serious consideration to those programs 
and candidates that are expected to promote the end to the 
abuse of human rights described in this section. 
SEC. 404. PROHIBITION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d), the 
authorities contained in section 516 or 541 of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j or 2347) or section 23 of the Arms 
Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763) may not be used to provide 
assistance to, and no licenses for direct commercial sales of military 
equipment may be issued to, the government of a country that 
is clearly identified, pursuant to subsection (b), for the most recent 
year preceding the fiscal year in which the authorities or license 
would have been used or issued in the absence of a violation 
of this title, as having governmental armed forces or government- 
supported armed groups, including paramilitaries, militias, or civil 
defense forces, that recruit and use child soldiers. 
(b) IDENTIFICATION AND NOTIFICATION TO COUNTRIES IN VIOLA-
TION OF STANDARDS.— 
(1) PUBLICATION OF LIST OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS.—The 
Secretary of State shall include a list of the foreign governments 
that have violated the standards under this title and are subject 
to the prohibition in subsection (a) in the report required under
H. R. 7311—47 
section 110(b) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 
(22 U.S.C. 7107(b)). 
(2) NOTIFICATION OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES.—The Secretary 
of State shall formally notify any government identified pursu-
ant to subsection (a). 
(c) NATIONAL INTEREST WAIVER.— 
(1) WAIVER.—The President may waive the application to 
a country of the prohibition in subsection (a) if the President 
determines that such waiver is in the national interest of 
the United States. 
(2) PUBLICATION
AND
NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 45 
days after each waiver is granted under paragraph (1), the 
President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees 
of the waiver and the justification for granting such waiver. 
(d) REINSTATEMENT OF ASSISTANCE.—The President may pro-
vide to a country assistance otherwise prohibited under subsection 
(a) upon certifying to the appropriate congressional committees 
that the government of such country— 
(1) has implemented measures that include an action plan 
and actual steps to come into compliance with the standards 
outlined in section 404(b); and 
(2) has implemented policies and mechanisms to prohibit 
and prevent future government or government-supported use 
of child soldiers and to ensure that no children are recruited, 
conscripted, or otherwise compelled to serve as child soldiers. 
(e) 
EXCEPTION
FOR
PROGRAMS
DIRECTLY
RELATED
TO 
ADDRESSING
THE
PROBLEM
OF
CHILD
SOLDIERS
OR 
PROFESSIONALIZATION OF THE MILITARY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may provide assistance 
to a country for international military education, training, and 
nonlethal supplies (as defined in section 2557(d)(1)(B) of title 
10, United States Code) otherwise prohibited under subsection 
(a) upon certifying to the appropriate congressional committees 
that— 
(A) the government of such country is taking reason-
able steps to implement effective measures to demobilize 
child soldiers in its forces or in government-supported 
paramilitaries and is taking reasonable steps within the 
context of its national resources to provide demobilization, 
rehabilitation, and reintegration assistance to those former 
child soldiers; and 
(B) the assistance provided by the United States 
Government to the government of such country will go 
to programs that will directly support professionalization 
of the military. 
(2) LIMITATION.—The exception under paragraph (1) may 
not remain in effect for a country for more than 5 years. 
SEC. 405. REPORTS. 
(a) INVESTIGATION
OF ALLEGATIONS REGARDING CHILD SOL-
DIERS.—United States missions abroad shall thoroughly investigate 
reports of the use of child soldiers. 
(b) INFORMATION FOR ANNUAL HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTS.—In 
preparing those portions of the annual Human Rights Report that 
relate to child soldiers under sections 116 and 502B of the Foreign
H. R. 7311—48 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(f) and 2304(h)), the Sec-
retary of State shall ensure that such reports include a description 
of the use of child soldiers in each foreign country, including— 
(1) trends toward improvement in such country of the 
status of child soldiers or the continued or increased tolerance 
of such practices; and 
(2) the role of the government of such country in engaging 
in or tolerating the use of child soldiers. 
(c) ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.—If, during any of the 5 
years following the date of the enactment of this Act, a country 
is notified pursuant to section 404(b)(2), or a wavier is granted 
pursuant to section 404(c)(1), the President shall submit a report 
to the appropriate congressional committees not later than June 
15 of the following year. The report shall include— 
(1) a list of the countries receiving notification that they 
are in violation of the standards under this title; 
(2) a list of any waivers or exceptions exercised under 
this title; 
(3) justification for any such waivers and exceptions; and 
(4) a description of any assistance provided under this 
title pursuant to the issuance of such waiver. 
SEC. 406. TRAINING FOR FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS. 
Section 708 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 
4028) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) The Secretary of State, with the assistance of other relevant 
officials, shall establish as part of the standard training provided 
for chiefs of mission, deputy chiefs of mission, and other officers 
of the Service who are or will be involved in the assessment of 
child soldier use or the drafting of the annual Human Rights 
Report instruction on matters related to child soldiers, and the 
substance of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008.’’. 
SEC. 407. EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICABILITY. 
This title, and the amendments made by this title, shall take 
effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
Vice President of the United States and
President of the Senate.