Secretary shall work with each of these States to develop 
a State Grade Crossing Action Plan that identifies specific 
solutions for improving safety at crossings, particularly at 
crossings that have experienced multiple accidents. 
(b) REVIEW AND APPROVAL.—Not later than 60 days 
after the Secretary receives a plan under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall review and approve or disapprove it. If the 
proposed plan is not approved, the Secretary shall notify 
the affected State as to the specific points in which the pro-
posed plan is deficient, and the State shall correct all defi-
ciencies within 30 days following receipt of written notice 
from the Secretary. 
SEC. 409. FOSTERING INTRODUCTION OF NEW TECH-
NOLOGY TO IMPROVE SAFETY AT HIGHWAY- 
RAIL GRADE CROSSINGS. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Chapter 201 of title 49, United 
States Code, as amended by this Act, is further amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 20165. Fostering introduction of new technology to 
improve safety at highway-rail grade 
crossings 
‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—(1) Collisions between highway users 
and trains at highway-rail grade crossings continue to 
cause an unacceptable loss of life and serious personal in-
jury and also threaten the safety of rail transportation. 
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‘‘(2) While elimination of at-grade crossings through 
consolidation of crossings and grade separations offers the 
greatest long-term promise for optimizing the safety and ef-
ficiency of the two modes of transportation, over 140,000 
public grade crossings remain on the general rail system— 
approximately one for each route mile on the general rail 
system. 
‘‘(3) Conventional highway traffic control devices such 
as flashing lights and gates are effective in warning motor-
ists of a train’s approach to an equipped crossing. 
‘‘(4) Since enactment of the Highway Safety Act of 
1973, over $4,200,000,000 of Federal funding has been in-
vested in safety improvements at highway-rail grade cross-
ings, yet a majority of public highway-rail grade crossings 
are not yet equipped with active warning systems. 
‘‘(5) The emergence of new technologies supporting In-
telligent Transportation Systems presents opportunities for 
more effective and affordable warnings and safer passage 
of highway users and trains at remaining highway-rail 
grade crossings. 
‘‘(6) Implementation of new crossing safety technology 
will require extensive cooperation between highway authori-
ties and railroad carriers. 
‘‘(7) Federal Railroad Safety Administration regula-
tions establishing performance standards for processor- 
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based signal and train control systems provide a suitable 
framework for qualification of new or novel technology at 
highway-rail grade crossings, and the Federal Highway Ad-
ministration’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices 
provides an appropriate means of determining highway 
user interface with such new technology. 
‘‘(b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 
encourage the development of new technology that can pre-
vent loss of life and injuries at highway-rail grade cross-
ings. The Secretary of Transportation is designated to carry 
out this policy in consultation with States and necessary 
public and private entities.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS AMENDMENT.—The table of 
sections for chapter 201 of title 49, United States Code, as 
amended by this Act, is further amended by adding at the 
end the following new item: 
‘‘20165. Fostering introduction of new technology to improve safety at highway- 
rail grade crossings.’’. 
TITLE V—ENFORCEMENT 
SEC. 501. ENFORCEMENT. 
Section 20112(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by inserting ‘‘this part or’’ in paragraph (1) 
after ‘‘enforce,’’; 
(2) by striking ‘‘21301’’ in paragraph (2) and 
inserting ‘‘21301, 21302, or 21303’’; 
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(3) by striking ‘‘subpena’’ in paragraph (3) and 
inserting ‘‘subpoena, request for admissions, request 
for production of documents or other tangible things, 
or request for testimony by deposition’’; and 
(4) by striking ‘‘chapter.’’ in paragraph (3) and 
inserting ‘‘part.’’. 
SEC. 502. CIVIL PENALTIES. 
(a) GENERAL VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTER 201.—Section 
21301(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$10,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$25,000’’; and 
(2) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$20,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$100,000’’. 
(b) ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTER 
201; VIOLATIONS OF CHAPTERS 203 THROUGH 209.—Sec-
tion 21302(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$10,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$25,000’’; and 
(2) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$20,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$100,000’’. 
(c) 
VIOLATIONS
OF
CHAPTER
211.—Section 
21303(a)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$10,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$25,000’’; and 
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(2) 
by 
striking 
‘‘$20,000’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘$100,000’’. 
SEC. 503. CRIMINAL PENALTIES. 
Section 21311(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘$500’’ both places it appears and in-
serting ‘‘$2,500’’. 
SEC. 504. EXPANSION OF EMERGENCY ORDER AUTHORITY. 
Section 20104(a)(1) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘death or personal injury’’ and in-
serting ‘‘death, personal injury, or significant harm to the 
environment’’. 
SEC. 505. ENFORCEMENT TRANSPARENCY. 
(a) AMENDMENT.—Subchapter I of chapter 201 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘§ 20118. Enforcement transparency 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December 31, 2007, 
the Secretary of Transportation shall— 
‘‘(1) provide a monthly updated summary to the 
public of all railroad enforcement actions taken by the 
Secretary or the Federal Railroad Safety Administra-
tion, from the time a notice commencing an enforce-
ment action is issued until the enforcement action is 
final; 
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