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and duty in, or with, the National Guard of a State 
under sections 315 or 325 of title 32, United States 
Code, as commander of Federal forces by Federal au-
thorities and as commander of State National Guard 
forces by State authorities, should be the usual and 
customary command and control arrangement, in-
cluding for missions involving a major disaster or 
emergency as those terms are defined in section 102 
of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emer-
gency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5122). The chain of 
command for the Armed Forces shall remain in ac-
cordance with sections 162(b) and 164(c) of title 10, 
United States Code. 
(2) STATE AUTHORITIES SUPPORTED.—When a 
major disaster or emergency occurs in any area sub-
ject to the laws of any State, Territory, or the District 
of Columbia, the Governor of the State affected nor-
mally should be the principal civil authority sup-
ported by the primary Federal agency and its sup-
porting Federal entities, and the Adjutant General of 
the State or his or her subordinate designee normally 
should be the principal military authority supported 
by the dual-status commander when acting in his or 
her State capacity.
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(3) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in para-
graphs (1) or (2) shall be construed to preclude or 
limit, in any way, the authorities of the President, 
the Secretary of Defense, or the Governor of any State 
to direct, control, and prescribe command and control 
arrangements for forces under their command. 
Subtitle C—General Service 
Authorities 
SEC. 521. REPEAL OF MANDATORY HIGH-DEPLOYMENT AL-
LOWANCE. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 436 of title 37, United States 
Code, is repealed. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections at 
the beginning of chapter 7 of such title is amended by strik-
ing the item relating to section 436. 
SEC. 522. PROHIBITION ON DENIAL OF REENLISTMENT OF 
MEMBERS FOR UNSUITABILITY BASED ON 
THE SAME MEDICAL CONDITION FOR WHICH 
THEY WERE DETERMINED TO BE FIT FOR 
DUTY. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—Subsection (a) of section 1214a of 
title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘, 
or deny reenlistment of the member,’’ after ‘‘a member de-
scribed in subsection (b)’’.
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(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (c)(3) of 
such section is amended by inserting ‘‘or denial of reenlist-
ment’’ after ‘‘to warrant administrative separation’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) HEADING AMENDMENT.—The heading of such 
section is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 1214a. Members determined fit for duty in Physical 
Evaluation Board: prohibition on involun-
tary administrative separation or denial 
of reenlistment due to unsuitability based 
on medical conditions considered in eval-
uation’’. 
(2) TABLE OF SECTIONS.—The table of sections 
at the beginning of chapter 61 of such title is amend-
ed by striking the item relating to section 1214a and 
inserting the following new item: 
‘‘1214a. Members determined fit for duty in Physical Evaluation Board: prohibi-
tion on involuntary administrative separation or denial of reen-
listment due to unsuitability based on medical conditions con-
sidered in evaluation.’’. 
SEC. 523. EXPANSION OF REGULAR ENLISTED MEMBERS 
COVERED BY EARLY DISCHARGE AUTHORITY. 
Section 1171 of title 10, United States Code, is amend-
ed by striking ‘‘within three months’’ and inserting ‘‘within 
one year’’.
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SEC. 524. EXTENSION OF VOLUNTARY SEPARATION PAY 
AND BENEFITS. 
Section 1175a(k)(1) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2012’’ and inserting 
‘‘December 31, 2018’’. 
SEC. 525. EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING FOR MEMBERS 
OF THE ARMED FORCES ON ACTIVE DUTY 
WHO ARE TRANSITIONING TO CIVILIAN LIFE. 
Section 1143 of title 10, United States Code, is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(e) EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING.—(1) The Sec-
retary of a military department may carry out one or more 
programs to provide eligible members of the armed forces 
under the jurisdiction of the Secretary with job training 
and employment skills training to help prepare such mem-
bers for employment in the civilian sector. 
‘‘(2) A member of the armed forces is an eligible mem-
ber for purposes of a program under this subsection if the 
member— 
‘‘(A) has completed at least 180 days on active 
duty in the armed forces; and 
‘‘(B) is expected to be discharged or released 
from active duty in the armed forces within 180 days 
of the date of commencement of participation in such 
a program.
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‘‘(3) Any program under this subsection shall be car-
ried out in accordance with regulations prescribed by the 
Secretary of Defense.’’. 
SEC. 526. POLICY ON MILITARY RECRUITMENT AND ENLIST-
MENT 
OF 
GRADUATES 
OF 
SECONDARY 
SCHOOLS. 
(a) EQUAL TREATMENT
FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL 
GRADUATES.— 
(1) EQUAL TREATMENT.—For the purposes of re-
cruitment and enlistment in the Armed Forces, the 
Secretary of a military department shall treat a 
graduate described in paragraph (2) in the same 
manner as a graduate of a secondary school (as de-
fined in section 9101(38) of the Elementary and Sec-
ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801(38)). 
(2) COVERED GRADUATES.—Paragraph (1) ap-
plies with respect to a person who— 
(A) receives a diploma from a secondary 
school that is legally operating; or 
(B) otherwise completes a program of sec-
ondary education in compliance with the edu-
cation laws of the State in which the person re-
sides. 
(b) POLICY ON RECRUITMENT AND ENLISTMENT.—Not 
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
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Act, the Secretary of Defense shall prescribe a policy on re-
cruitment and enlistment that incorporates the following: 
(1) Means for identifying persons described in 
subsection (a)(2) who are qualified for recruitment 
and enlistment in the Armed Forces, which may in-
clude the use of a noncognitive aptitude test, adaptive 
personality assessment, or other operational attrition 
screening tool to predict performance, behaviors, and 
attitudes of potential recruits that influence attrition 
and the ability to adapt to a regimented life in the 
Armed Forces. 
(2) Means for assessing how qualified persons 
fulfill their enlistment obligation. 
(3) Means for maintaining data, by each di-
ploma source, which can be used to analyze attrition 
rates among qualified persons. 
(c) RECRUITMENT PLAN.—As part of the policy re-
quired by subsection (b), the Secretary of each of the mili-
tary departments shall develop a recruitment plan that in-
cludes a marketing strategy for targeting various segments 
of potential recruits with all types of secondary education 
credentials. 
(d) COMMUNICATION PLAN.—The Secretary of each of 
the military departments shall develop a communication