734 
advisory circulars, statements of policy, guidance, technical 
standards, and other materials related to aviation safety, 
training, and operation of aeronautical products. 
SEC. 818. ACCEPTANCE OF DIGITAL DRIVER’S LICENSE AND 
IDENTIFICATION CARDS. 
The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Adminis-
tration shall take such actions as may be necessary to ac-
cept, in any instance where an individual is required to 
submit government-issued identification to the Adminis-
trator, a digital or mobile driver’s license or identification 
card issued to such individual by a State. 
SEC. 819. BUCKEYE 940 RELEASE OF DEED RESTRICTIONS. 
(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to au-
thorize the Secretary to issue a Deed of Release from all 
terms, conditions, reservations, restrictions, and obligations 
contained in the Quitclaim Deed and permit the State of 
Arizona to deposit all proceeds of the disposition of Buckeye 
940 in the appropriate fund for the benefit of the bene-
ficiaries of the Arizona State Land Trust. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) BUCKEYE
940.—The term ‘‘Buckeye 940’’ 
means all of section 12, T.1 N., R.3 W. and all of ad-
joining fractional section 7, T.1 N., R.2 W., Gila and 
Salt River Meridian, Arizona, which property was 
the subject of the Quitclaim Deed between the United 
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States and the State of Arizona, dated July 11, 1949, 
and which is currently owned by the State of Arizona 
and held in trust for the beneficiaries of the Arizona 
State Land Trust. 
(2) QUITCLAIM
DEED.—The term ‘‘Quitclaim 
Deed’’ means the Quitclaim Deed between the United 
States and the State of Arizona, dated July 11, 1949. 
(3) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Transportation. 
(c) RELEASE OF ANY AND ALL INTEREST IN BUCKEYE 
940.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the United States, acting through 
the Secretary, shall issue to the State of Arizona a 
Deed of Release to release all terms, conditions, res-
ervations, restrictions, and obligations contained in 
the Quitclaim Deed, including any and all rever-
sionary interest of the United States in Buckeye 940. 
(2) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.—The Deed of Re-
lease described in paragraph (1) shall be subject to 
such additional terms and conditions, consistent with 
such paragraph, as the Secretary considers appro-
priate to protect the interests of the United States. 
(3) NO RESTRICTION ON USE OF PROCEEDS.— 
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the State 
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of Arizona may dispose of Buckeye 940 and any pro-
ceeds thereof, including proceeds already collected by 
the State and held in a suspense account, without re-
gard to any restriction imposed by the Quitclaim 
Deed or by section 155.7 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations. 
(4) MINERAL RESERVATION.—The Deed of Re-
lease described in paragraph (1) shall include the re-
lease of all interests of the United States to the min-
eral rights on Buckeye 940 included in the Quitclaim 
Deed. 
SEC. 820. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION INFORMA-
TION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM INTEGRITY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration shall initiate a review to 
identify and address aging information technology systems 
within the Administration. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The review required under subsection 
(a) shall— 
(1) identify and inventory critical software and 
hardware systems of the Administration; 
(2) assess the vulnerabilities of such systems to 
degradation, errors (including human errors), and 
malicious attacks (including cyber attacks); and 
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(3) identify upgrades to, or replacements for, 
such systems that are necessary to mitigate such 
vulnerabilities. 
(c) MITIGATION.—The Administrator shall take such 
action as may be necessary to mitigate the vulnerabilities 
identified under the review conducted under subsection (a). 
(d) LEVERAGING
EXTERNAL
EXPERTISE.—To the 
maximum extent practicable, the actions carried out pursu-
ant to this section shall— 
(1) be consistent with the acquisition manage-
ment system established and updated pursuant to sec-
tion 40110(d) of title 49, United States Code; 
(2) incorporate input from industry, academia, 
or other external experts on information technology; 
and 
(3) identify technologies in existence or in devel-
opment that, with or without adaptation, are expected 
to be suitable to meet the technical information tech-
nology needs of the Administration. 
(e) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report detail-
ing the results of the review required under subsection (a). 
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(f) INSPECTOR GENERAL REVIEW.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—After the Administrator com-
pletes the review under subsection (a), the inspector 
general of the Department of Transportation shall 
conduct an audit of the integrity of the information 
technology systems of the Administration and assess 
the efforts of the Administration to address the Ad-
ministration’s aging information technology systems. 
(2) REPORT.—The inspector general shall submit 
to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc-
ture of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the Senate a report on the results of the audit carried 
out under this subsection. 
SEC. 821. BRIEFING ON RADIO COMMUNICATIONS COV-
ERAGE AROUND MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN. 
(a) BRIEFING REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall provide 
to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a briefing 
on the radio communications coverage within the airspace 
surrounding the Mena Intermountain Municipal Airport in 
Mena, Arkansas. 
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(b) BRIEFING
CONTENTS.—The briefing required 
under subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) The radio communications coverage within 
the airspace surrounding the Mena Intermountain 
Municipal Airport with the applicable Air Route 
Traffic Control Center. 
(2) The altitudes at which radio communications 
capabilities are lost within such airspace. 
(3) Recommendations on changes that may in-
crease radio communications coverage below 4,000 
feet above ground level within such airspace. 
SEC. 822. STUDY ON CONGESTED AIRSPACE. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall initiate a study on the efficiency and 
efficacy of scheduled commercial air service transiting con-
gested airspace. 
(b) CONTENTS.—In carrying out the study required 
under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall exam-
ine— 
(1) various regions of congested airspace and the 
differing factors of such regions; 
(2) commercial air service; 
(3) military flight activity; 
(4) emergency response activity; 
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(5) commercial space transportation activities; 
(6) weather; and 
(7) air traffic controller staffing. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
on the results of the study and recommendations to reduce 
the impacts to scheduled air service transiting congested 
airspace. 
SEC. 823. ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES FRANCHISE FUND. 
Title I of the Department of Transportation and Re-
lated Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (49 U.S.C. 40113 
note) is amended under the heading ‘‘Administrative Serv-
ices Franchise Fund’’ by striking ‘‘shall be paid in ad-
vance’’ and inserting ‘‘may be reimbursed after perform-
ance or paid in advance’’. 
SEC. 824. USE OF BIOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENTS. 
Section 44506(f)(2)(A) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘paragraph (1)(B)(ii)’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘paragraph (1)(B)’’. 
SEC. 825. WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION ENFORCEMENT. 
Section 42121(b)(5) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
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‘‘(5) ENFORCEMENT OF ORDER.—Whenever any 
person has failed to comply with an order issued 
under paragraph (3), the Secretary of Labor and the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion shall consult with each other to determine the 
most appropriate action to be taken, in which— 
‘‘(A) the Secretary of Labor may file a civil 
action in the United States district court for the 
district in which the violation was found to 
occur to enforce such order, for which, in actions 
brought under this paragraph, the district courts 
shall have jurisdiction to grant all appropriate 
relief including, injunctive relief and compen-
satory damages; and 
‘‘(B) the Administrator of the Federal Avia-
tion Administration may assess a civil penalty 
pursuant to section 46301.’’. 
SEC. 826. FINAL RULEMAKING ON CERTAIN MANUFAC-
TURING STANDARDS. 
Not later than December 16, 2023, the Administrator 
of the Federal Aviation Administration shall issue a final 
rule for the notice of proposed rulemaking titled ‘‘Airplane 
Fuel Efficiency Certification’’ and published June 15, 2022 
(RIN 2120–AL54). 
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SEC. 827. REMOTE DISPATCH. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 44711(a) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (9) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end; 
(2) in paragraph (10) by striking the period and 
inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(11) work as an aircraft dispatcher outside of 
a physical location designated as a dispatching center 
or flight following center of an air carrier, except as 
provided under section 44747.’’. 
(b) AIRCRAFT DISPATCHING.—Chapter 447 of title 49, 
United States Code, is further amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
‘‘§ 44747. Aircraft dispatching 
‘‘(a) AIRCRAFT DISPATCHING CERTIFICATE.—No per-
son may serve as an aircraft dispatcher for an air carrier 
unless that person holds the appropriate aircraft dispatcher 
certificate issued by the Administrator of the Federal Avia-
tion Administration. 
‘‘(b) PROOF OF CERTIFICATE.—Upon the request of the 
Administrator or an authorized representative of the Na-
tional Transportation Safety Board, or other appropriate 
Federal agency, a person who holds such a certificate, and 
is performing dispatching shall present the certificate for 
inspection. 
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‘‘(c) DISPATCH CENTERS AND FLIGHT FOLLOWING 
CENTERS.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Air carriers shall estab-
lish and maintain sufficient dispatch centers and 
flight following centers necessary to maintain oper-
ational control of each flight at all times. 
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—Air carrier dispatch cen-
ters and flight following centers shall— 
‘‘(A) have a sufficient number of aircraft 
dispatchers at dispatch centers and flight fol-
lowing centers to ensure proper operational con-
trol of each flight at all times; 
‘‘(B) have the equipment necessary and in 
good repair to maintain proper operational con-
trol of each flight at all times; and 
‘‘(C) include appropriate physical and cy-
bersecurity protections, as determined by the Ad-
ministrator. 
‘‘(3) LOCATION
LIMITATION.—No air carrier 
may dispatch aircraft from any location other than 
the designated dispatch centers or flight following cen-
ters of such air carrier. 
‘‘(d) EMERGENCY AUTHORITY
FOR REMOTE DIS-
PATCHING.—Notwithstanding subsection (c), an air carrier 
may dispatch aircraft from locations other than from des-
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ignated dispatch centers or flight following centers for a 
limited period of time in the event of an emergency or other 
event that renders a center inoperable. An air carrier may 
not dispatch aircraft under the emergency authority under 
this subsection for longer than 30 consecutive days without 
the approval of the Administrator.’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis for chapter 
447 of title 49, United States Code, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘44747. Aircraft dispatching.’’. 
SEC. 828. EMPLOYEE ASSAULT PREVENTION AND RE-
SPONSE PLANS AMENDMENT. 
Section 551 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 
(49 U.S.C. 44903 note) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act,’’ and in-
serting ‘‘The Administrator shall require’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘shall submit to the Admin-
istrator’’ and inserting ‘‘to submit’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘A part 121 air 
carrier shall’’ and inserting ‘‘The Administrator shall 
require a part 121 air carrier to’’. 
SEC. 829. CREW MEMBER SELF-DEFENSE TRAINING. 
Section 44918(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
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(1) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘Neither’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Except as provided in paragraph (8), nei-
ther’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(8) AIR
CARRIER
ACCOMMODATION.—An air 
carrier with a crew member participating in the 
training program under this subsection shall provide 
a process through which each such crew member may 
obtain reasonable accommodations.’’. 
SEC. 830. FORMAL SEXUAL ASSAULT AND HARASSMENT 
POLICIES ON AIR CARRIERS AND FOREIGN 
AIR CARRIERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 417 of title 49, United 
States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘§ 41729. Formal sexual assault and harassment poli-
cies 
‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this section, each air carrier and 
foreign air carrier transporting passengers for compensa-
tion shall issue, in consultation with labor unions rep-
resenting personnel of the air carrier or foreign air carrier, 
a formal policy with respect to transportation sexual as-
sault or harassment incidents. 
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‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—The policy required under subsection 
(a) shall include— 
‘‘(1) a statement indicating that no transpor-
tation sexual assault or harassment incident is ac-
ceptable under any circumstance; 
‘‘(2) procedures that facilitate the reporting of a 
transportation sexual assault or harassment incident, 
including— 
‘‘(A) appropriate public outreach activities; 
and 
‘‘(B) confidential phone and internet-based 
opportunities for reporting; 
‘‘(3) procedures that personnel should follow 
upon the reporting of a transportation sexual assault 
or harassment incident, including actions to protect 
affected individuals from continued sexual assault or 
harassment and to notify law enforcement when ap-
propriate; 
‘‘(4) procedures that may limit or prohibit, to 
the extent practicable, future travel with the air car-
rier or foreign air carrier by any passenger who 
causes a transportation sexual assault or harassment 
incident; and 
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‘‘(5) training that is required for all appropriate 
personnel with respect to the policy required under 
subsection (a), including— 
‘‘(A) specific training for personnel who 
may receive reports of transportation sexual as-
sault or harassment incidents; and 
‘‘(B) recognizing and responding to poten-
tial human trafficking victims, in the same 
manner as required under section 44734(a)(4). 
‘‘(c) PASSENGER INFORMATION.—An air carrier or 
foreign air carrier described in subsection (a) shall promi-
nently display, on the internet website of the air carrier 
or foreign air carrier and through the use of appropriate 
signage, a written statement that informs passengers and 
personnel of the procedure for reporting a transportation 
sexual assault or harassment incident. 
‘‘(d) STANDARD OF CARE.—Compliance with the re-
quirements of this section, and any policy issued there-
under, shall not determine whether the air carrier or foreign 
air carrier described in subsection (a) has acted with any 
requisite standard of care. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) PERSONNEL.—The term ‘personnel’ means 
an employee or contractor of an air carrier or foreign 
air carrier. 
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‘‘(2) SEXUAL
ASSAULT.—The term ‘sexual as-
sault’ means the occurrence of an act that constitutes 
any nonconsensual sexual act proscribed by Federal, 
tribal, or State law, including when the victim lacks 
capacity to consent. 
‘‘(3) TRANSPORTATION
SEXUAL
ASSAULT
OR 
HARASSMENT
INCIDENT.—The term ‘transportation 
sexual assault or harassment incident’ means the oc-
currence, or reasonably suspected occurrence, of an 
act that— 
‘‘(A) constitutes sexual assault or sexual 
harassment; and 
‘‘(B) is committed— 
‘‘(i) by a passenger or member of per-
sonnel of an air carrier or foreign air car-
rier against another passenger or member of 
personnel of an air carrier or foreign air 
carrier; and 
‘‘(ii) within an aircraft or in an area 
in which passengers are entering or exiting 
an aircraft.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The analysis for chapter 
417 of title 49, United States Code, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘41729. Formal sexual assault and harassment policies.’’. 
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SEC. 831. INTERFERENCE WITH SECURITY SCREENING PER-
SONNEL. 
Section 46503 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘An individual’’ and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—An individual’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) AIRPORT AND AIR CARRIER EMPLOYEES.—For 
purposes of this section, an airport or air carrier employee 
who has security duties within the airport includes an air-
port or air carrier employee performing ticketing, check- 
in, baggage claim, or boarding functions.’’. 
SEC. 832. MECHANISMS TO REDUCE HELICOPTER NOISE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall initiate a study to examine ways in 
which a State, territorial, or local government may miti-
gate the negative impacts of commercial helicopter noise. 
(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—In conducting the study under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consider— 
(1) the varying degree of commercial helicopter 
operations in different communities; and 
(2) actions that State, and local governments 
have taken, and authorities such governments have 
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used, to reduce the impact of commercial helicopter 
noise and the success of such actions. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall provide 
to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
on the findings of the study conducted under subsection (a). 
SEC. 833. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS. 
(a) TITLE 49 ANALYSIS.—The analysis for title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relat-
ing to subtitle IX and inserting the following: 
‘‘IX. MULTIMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION............................................. 
70101’’. 
(b) SUBTITLE I ANALYSIS.—The analysis for subtitle 
I of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking 
the item relating to chapter 7. 
(c) SUBTITLE VII ANALYSIS.—The analysis for sub-
title VII of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
striking the item relating to chapter 448 and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘448. Unmanned Aircraft Systems................................................... 44801’’. 
(d) AUTHORITY TO EXEMPT.—Section 40109(b) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘sections 
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(h) SUBMISSIONS OF PLANS.—Section 41313(c)(16) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘will 
consult’’ and inserting ‘‘the foreign air carrier shall con-
sult’’. 
(i) PLANS AND POLICY.—Section 44501(c) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2)(B)(i), by striking ‘‘40119,’’; 
and 
(2) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘Subject to sec-
tion 40119(b) of this title and regulations prescribed 
under section 40119(b),’’ and inserting ‘‘Subject to 
section 44912(d)(2) and regulations prescribed under 
such section,’’. 
(j) USE
AND LIMITATION
OF AMOUNTS.—Section 
44508 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by strik-
ing ‘‘40119,’’ each place it appears. 
(k) STRUCTURES INTERFERING WITH AIR COMMERCE 
OR NATIONAL SECURITY.—Section 44718(h) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms ‘adverse 
impact on military operations and readiness’ and ‘unac-
ceptable risk to the national security of the United States’ 
have the meaning given those terms in section 183a(h) of 
title 10.’’. 
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(r) CIVIL PENALTIES.—Section 46301(a) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the heading for paragraph (6), by striking 
‘‘FAILURE TO COLLECT AIRPORT SECURITY BADGES’’ 
and inserting ‘‘FAILURE TO COLLECT AIRPORT SECU-
RITY BADGES’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘PENALTIES 
RELATING TO HARM TO PASSENGERS WITH DISABIL-
ITIES’’ in the paragraph heading and inserting ‘‘PEN-
ALTIES RELATING TO HARM TO PASSENGERS WITH 
DISABILITIES’’. 
(s) PAYMENTS
UNDER
PROJECT
GRANT
AGREE-
MENTS.—Section 47111(e) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking ‘‘fee’’ and inserting ‘‘charge’’. 
(t) AGREEMENTS FOR STATE AND LOCAL OPERATION 
OF AIRPORT FACILITIES.—Section 47124(b)(1)(B)(ii) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking the 
second period at the end. 
(u) USE OF FUNDS FOR REPAIRS FOR RUNWAY SAFE-
TY REPAIRS.—Section 47144(b)(4) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘(42 U.S.C. 4121 et 
seq.)’’ and inserting ‘‘(42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.)’’. 
(v) METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON AIRPORTS AUTHOR-
ITY.—Section 49106 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended— 
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(1) in subsection (a)(1)(B) by striking ‘‘and sec-
tion 49108 of this title’’; and 
(2) in subsection (c)(6)(C) by inserting ‘‘the’’ be-
fore ‘‘jurisdiction’’. 
(w) SEPARABILITY
AND
EFFECT
OF
JUDICIAL 
ORDER.—Section 49112(b) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (1); and 
(2) by striking ‘‘(2) Any action’’ and inserting 
‘‘Any action’’. 
SEC. 834. TRANSPORTATION OF ORGANS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transpor-
tation, in consultation with the Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration, shall convene a working 
group (in this section referred to as the ‘‘working group’’) 
to assist in developing best practices for transportation of 
an organ in the cabin of an aircraft operating under part 
121 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, and to identify 
regulations that hinder such transportation, if applicable. 
(b) COMPOSITION.—The working group shall be com-
prised of representatives from the following: 
(1) Air carriers operating under part 121 of title 
14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(2) Organ procurement organizations. 
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(3) Organ transplant hospitals. 
(4) Flight attendants. 
(5) Other relevant Federal agencies involved in 
organ transportation or air travel. 
(c) CONSIDERATIONS.—In establishing the best prac-
tices described in subsection (a), the working group shall 
consider— 
(1) a safe, standardized process for acceptance, 
handling, management, and transportation of an 
organ in the cabin of such aircraft; and 
(2) protocols to ensure the safe and timely trans-
port of an organ in the cabin of such aircraft, includ-
ing through connecting flights. 
(d) RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not later than 1 year after 
the convening of the working group, such working group 
shall submit to the Secretary a report containing rec-
ommendations for the best practices described in subsection 
(a). 
(e) DEFINITION OF ORGAN.—In this section, the term 
‘‘organ’’— 
(1) has the meaning given such term in section 
121.2 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations; and 
(2) includes organ-related tissue. 
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SEC. 835. REPORT ON APPLICATION APPROVAL TIMING. 
Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration shall submit to the Committee on Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate a report detailing the amount of time 
the application approval process takes for agricultural air-
craft operations under part 137 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations. 
SEC. 836. STUDY ON AIR CARGO OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of 
the United States shall initiate a study on the sustain-
ability of air cargo operations. 
(b) CONTENTS.—In conducting the study required 
under subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall address 
the following: 
(1) Airport and cargo development strategies, in-
cluding the pursuit of new air carriers and plans for 
physical expansion. 
(2) Key historical statistics for passenger, cargo 
volumes, including freight, express, and mail cargo, 
and operations, including statistics distinguishing be-
tween passenger and freight operations. 
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(3) A description of air cargo facilities, includ-
ing the age and condition of such facilities and the 
square footage and configuration of the landside and 
airside infrastructure of such facilities, and cargo 
buildings. 
(4) The projected square footage deficit of the 
cargo facilities and infrastructure described in para-
graph (3). 
(5) The projected requirements and square foot-
age deficit for air cargo support facilities. 
(6) The general physical and operating issues 
and constraints associated with air cargo operations. 
(7) A description of delays in truck bays associ-
ated with the infrastructure and critical landside 
issues, including truck maneuvering and queuing and 
parking for employees and customers. 
(8) The estimated cost of developing new cargo 
facilities and infrastructure, including the identifica-
tion of percentages for development with a return on 
investment and without a return on investment. 
(9) The projected leasing costs to tenants per 
square foot with and without Federal funding of the 
non-return on investment allocation. 
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(10) A description of customs and general staff-
ing issues associated with air cargo operations and 
the impacts of such issues on service. 
(11) An assessment of the impact, cost, and esti-
mated cost savings of using modern comprehensive 
communications and technology systems in air cargo 
operations. 
(12) A description of the impact of Federal regu-
lations and local enforcement of interdiction and fa-
cilitation policies on throughput. 
(c) REPORT.—The Comptroller General shall submit 
to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the results 
of the study carried out under this section. 
SEC. 837. NEXT GENERATION RADIO ALTIMETERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration, in coordination with indus-
try and other relevant government stakeholders, shall carry 
out an accelerated program to assist with the development, 
testing, and certification of the standards and technology 
necessary to ensure industry and the Administration can 
certify, produce and meet the installation requirements for 
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next generation radio altimeters across all necessary air-
craft by January 1, 2028. 
(b) GRANT PROGRAM.—The Administrator may award 
grants for the purposes of research and development, testing, 
and other activities necessary to ensure that next generation 
radio altimeter technology is developed, tested, certified, and 
installed on necessary aircraft by 2028, including through 
public-private partnership grants (which shall include pro-
tections for necessary intellectual property with respect to 
any private sector entity testing, certifying, or producing 
next generation radio altimeters under the program carried 
out under this section) with industry to ensure the acceler-
ated production and installation by January 1, 2028. 
(c) REVIEW AND REPORT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Com-
merce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
on the steps the Administrator has taken as of the date on 
which such report is submitted and any actions the Admin-
istrator plans to take, including as part of the program car-
ried out under this section, to ensure that next generation 
radio altimeter technology is developed, tested, certified, and 
installed by 2028. 
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SEC. 838. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING SAFETY AND 
SECURITY OF AVIATION INFRASTRUCTURE. 
It is the sense of Congress that aviation provides essen-
tial services critical to the United States economy and that 
it is important to ensure the safety and security of aviation 
infrastructure and protect such infrastructure from unlaw-
ful breaches with appropriate legal safeguards. 
SEC. 839. RESTRICTED CATEGORY AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE 
AND OPERATIONS. 
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Ad-
ministrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
have sole jurisdiction over the maintenance and operations 
of aircraft owned by civilian operators and type-certificated 
in the restricted category under section 21.25 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations. 
SEC. 840. REPORT ON TELEWORK. 
Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall submit 
to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, and the Com-
mittees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of 
Representatives a detailed report on any direct and indirect 
costs and inefficiencies associated with COVID-era telework 
policies at the Federal Aviation Administration. 
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SEC. 841. CREWMEMBER PUMPING GUIDANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration shall issue guidance to part 
121 air carriers relating to the expression of milk by crew-
members on an aircraft during noncritical phases of flight, 
consistent with the performance of the crewmember’s duties 
aboard the aircraft. The guidance shall be equally applica-
ble to any lactating crewmember. In developing the guid-
ance, the Administrator shall— 
(1) consider multiple methods of expressing 
breast milk that could be used by crewmembers, in-
cluding the use of wearable lactation technology; and 
(2) ensure the guidance will not require an air 
carrier or foreign air carrier to incur significant ex-
pense, such as through— 
(A) the addition of an extra crewmember in 
response to providing a break; 
(B) removal or retrofitting of seats on the 
aircraft; or 
(C) modification or retrofitting of an air-
craft. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) CREWMEMBER.—The term ‘‘crewmember’’ 
has the meaning given such term in section 1.1 of 
title 14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
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(2) CRITICAL
PHASES
OF
FLIGHT.—The term 
‘‘critical phases of flight’’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 121.542 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations. 
(3) PART 121.—The term ‘‘part 121’’ means part 
121 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations. 
(c) AVIATION SAFETY.—Nothing in this section shall 
limit the authority of the Administrator relating to avia-
tion safety under subtitle VII of title 49, United States 
Code. 
SEC. 842. AIRCRAFT INTERCHANGE AGREEMENT LIMITA-
TIONS. 
(a) STUDY.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of Federal Avia-
tion Administration shall conduct a study of foreign inter-
change agreements. 
(b) CONTENTS.—In carrying out the study required 
under subsection (a), the Administrator shall address the 
following: 
(1) Methods for updating regulations under part 
121.569 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, for 
foreign interchange agreements. 
(2) Time limits for foreign aircraft interchange 
agreements. 
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(3) Minimum breaks between foreign aircraft 
interchange agreements. 
(4) Limits for no more than 1 foreign aircraft 
interchange agreement between 2 airlines. 
(5) Limits for no more than 2 foreign aircraft 
on the interchange agreement. 
SEC. 843. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION ACADEMY 
AND FACILITY EXPANSION PLAN. 
(a) PLAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—No later than 90 days after 
the date of enactment of this section, the Adminis-
trator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
initiate the development of a plan to— 
(A) expand overall Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration capacity relating to facilities, in-
struction, equipment, and training resources to 
grow the number of developmental air traffic 
controllers enrolled per fiscal year and support 
increases in FAA air controller staffing to ad-
vance the safety of the national airspace system; 
and 
(B) establish a second FAA Academy. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In developing the plan 
under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall con-
sider— 
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