I
105TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 1758
To ensure that the enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) proceeds in a manner consistent with United States interests,
to strengthen relations between the United States and Russia, to preserve
the prerogatives of the Congress with respect to certain arms control
agreements, and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JUNE 3, 1997
Mr. GILMAN (for himself, Mr. ARMEY, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. GOSS, Mr.
WELDON of Pennsylvania, and Mr. COX of California) introduced the fol-
lowing bill; which was referred to the Committee on International Rela-
tions
A BILL
To ensure that the enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) proceeds in a manner consistent
with United States interests, to strengthen relations be-
tween the United States and Russia, to preserve the
prerogatives of the Congress with respect to certain arms
control agreements, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘European Security Act
of 1997’’.
SEC. 2. STATEMENTS OF POLICY.
The Congress declares the following to be the policy
of the United States:
(1) POLICY WITH RESPECT TO NATO ENLARGE-
MENT.—(A) The emerging democracies in Central
and Eastern Europe that will be invited to begin ac-
cession negotiations with the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) at the NATO summit in Ma-
drid on July 8 and 9, 1997, should not be the last
such countries invited to join NATO.
(B) The United States should seek to ensure
that the NATO leaders assembled in Madrid agree
on a process whereby all other emerging democracies
in Central and Eastern Europe that wish to join
NATO will be considered for membership in NATO
as soon as they meet the criteria for such member-
ship.
(2) POLICY WITH RESPECT TO NEGOTIATIONS
WITH RUSSIA.—(A) NATO enlargement should be
carried out in such a manner as to underscore the
Alliance’s defensive nature and demonstrate to Rus-
sia that NATO enlargement will enhance the secu-
rity of all countries in Europe, including Russia. Ac-
cordingly, the United States and its NATO Allies
should make this intention clear in the negotiations
with Russia, including those regarding adaptation of
the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE)
Treaty of November 19, 1990.
(B) In seeking to demonstrate to Russia
NATO’s defensive and security-enhancing intentions,
it is essential that neither fundamental United
States security interests in Europe nor the effective-
ness and flexibility of NATO as a defensive alliance
be jeopardized. In particular, no commitments
should be made to Russia that would have the effect
of—
(i) extending rights or imposing respon-
sibilities on new NATO members different from
those applicable to current NATO members, in-
cluding with respect to the deployment of nu-
clear weapons and the stationing of troops and
equipment from other NATO members;
(ii) limiting the ability of NATO to defend
the territory of new NATO members by, for ex-
ample, restricting the construction of defense
infrastructure or limiting the ability of NATO
to deploy necessary reinforcements;
(iii) providing any international organiza-
tion, or any country that is not a member of
NATO, with authority to review, delay, veto, or
otherwise impede deliberations and decisions of
the North Atlantic Council or the implementa-
tion of such decisions, including with respect to
the deployment of NATO forces or the admis-
sion of additional members to NATO; or
(iv) impeding the development of enhanced
relations between NATO and other European
countries that do not belong to the Alliance.
(C) In order to enhance security and stability in
Europe, the United States should seek commitments
from the Russian Federation—
(i) to demarcate and respect all its borders
with neighboring states;
(ii) to station its armed forces on the terri-
tory of other states only with the consent of
such states and in strict accordance with inter-
national law; and
(iii) to take steps to reduce nuclear and
conventional forces in Kaliningrad.
(D) As negotiations on adaptation of the Con-
ventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty
proceed, the United States should engage in close
and continuous consultations not only with its
NATO allies, but also with the emerging democ-
racies of Central and Eastern Europe, Ukraine, and
the newly independent states of the Caucasus region.
(3) POLICY WITH RESPECT TO BALLISTIC MIS-
SILE DEFENSE COOPERATION WITH RUSSIA.—(A) As
the United States proceeds with efforts to develop
defenses against ballistic missile attack, it should
seek to foster a climate of cooperation with Russia
on matters related to missile defense. In particular,
the United States and its NATO allies should seek
to cooperate with Russia in such areas as early
warning and technical aspects of ballistic missile de-
fense.
(B) Even as the Congress seeks to promote bal-
listic missile defense cooperation with Russia, it
must insist on its constitutional prerogatives regard-
ing consideration of arms control agreements with
Russia that bear on ballistic missile defense.
SEC. 3. AUTHORITIES RELATING TO NATO ENLARGEMENT.
(a) POLICY OF SECTION.—This section is enacted in
order to implement the policy set forth in section 2(1).
(b) DESIGNATION OF ADDITIONAL COUNTRIES ELI-
GIBLE FOR NATO ENLARGEMENT ASSISTANCE.—
(1) 
DESIGNATION
OF
ADDITIONAL
COUN-
TRIES.—Effective 180 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, Romania, Estonia, Latvia, and
Lithuania are each designated as eligible to receive
assistance under the program established under sec-
tion 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994
and shall be deemed to have been so designated pur-
suant to section 203(d)(1) of such Act, except that
any such country shall not be so designated if, prior
to such effective date, the President certifies to the
Committee on International Relations of the House
of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate that the country fails to
meet the criteria under section 203(d)(3) of the
NATO Participation Act of 1994.
(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—The designation
of countries pursuant to paragraph (1) as eligible to
receive assistance under the program established
under section 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act
of 1994—
(A) is in addition to the designation of
other countries by law or pursuant to section
203(d)(2) of such Act as eligible to receive as-
sistance under the program established under
section 203(a) of such Act; and
(B) shall not preclude the designation by
the President of other emerging democracies in
Central and Eastern Europe pursuant to sec-
tion 203(d)(2) of such Act as eligible to receive
assistance under the program established under
section 203(a) of such Act.
(3) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense
of the Congress that Romania, Estonia, Latvia, and
Lithuania—
(A) are to be commended for their
progress toward political and economic reform
and meeting the guidelines for prospective
NATO members;
(B) would make an outstanding contribu-
tion to furthering the goals of NATO and en-
hancing stability, freedom, and peace in Europe
should they become NATO members; and
(C) upon complete satisfaction of all rel-
evant criteria should be invited to become full
NATO members at the earliest possible date.
(c) REGIONAL AIRSPACE INITIATIVE AND PARTNER-
SHIP
FOR
PEACE INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT
SYS-
TEM.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Funds described in para-
graph (2) are authorized to be made available to
support the implementation of the Regional Airspace
Initiative and the Partnership for Peace Information
Management System, including—
(A) the procurement of items in support of
these programs; and
(B) the transfer of such items to countries
participating in these programs.
(2) FUNDS
DESCRIBED.—Funds described in
this paragraph are funds that are available—
(A) during any fiscal year under the
NATO Participation Act of 1994 with respect
to countries eligible for assistance under that
Act; or
(B) during fiscal year 1998 under any Act
to carry out the Warsaw Initiative.
(d) EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY REGARDING EXCESS
DEFENSE ARTICLES.—Section 105 of Public Law 104-
164 (110 Stat. 1427) is amended by striking ‘‘1996 and
1997’’ and inserting ‘‘1997, 1998, and 1999’’.
(e) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO THE NATO PAR-
TICIPATION ACT OF 1994.—Section 203(c) of the NATO
Participation Act of 1994 is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘, without re-
gard to the restrictions’’ and all that follows and in-
serting a period;
(2) by striking paragraph (2);
(3) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘appropriated
under the ‘Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund’
account’’ and inserting ‘‘made available for the
‘Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund’ ’’;
(4) in paragraph (8)—
(A) by striking ‘‘any restrictions in sec-
tions 516 and 519’’ and inserting ‘‘section
516(e)’’;
(B) by striking ‘‘as amended,’’; and
(C) by striking ‘‘paragraphs (1) and (2)’’
and inserting ‘‘paragraph (1)’’; and
(5) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through
(8) as paragraphs (2) through (7), respectively.
SEC. 4. AUTHORITIES RELATING TO THE TREATY ON CON-
VENTIONAL ARMED FORCES IN EUROPE.
(a) POLICY OF SECTION.—This section is enacted in
order to implement the policy set forth in section 2(2).
(b) AUTHORITY TO APPROVE
THE CFE FLANK
AGREEMENT.—The President is authorized to approve on
behalf of the United States the Document Agreed Among
States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed
Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, adopted in Vi-
enna, Austria on May 31, 1996, concerning the resolution
of issues related to the Conventional Armed Forces in Eu-
rope (CFE) Treaty flank zone.
(c) SENSE OF CONGRESS WITH RESPECT TO CFE
ADAPTATION.—It is the sense of Congress that any revi-