II 
Calendar No. 738 
108TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4516 
[Report No. 108–379] 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
JULY 8, 2004 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources 
SEPTEMBER 28, 2004 
Reported by Mr. DOMENICI, with an amendment 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
AN ACT 
To require the Secretary of Energy to carry out a program 
of research and development to advance high-end computing. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 
High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004’’.
(1) support both individual investigators and 
multidisciplinary teams of investigators; 
(2) conduct research in multiple architectures, 
which
may
include
vector,
reconfigurable
logic, 
streaming, processor-in-memory, and multithreading 
architectures; 
(3) conduct research on software for high-end 
computing
systems,
including
research
on
algo-
rithms, programming environments, tools, languages, 
and operating systems for high-end computing sys-
tems, in collaboration with architecture development 
efforts; 
(4) provide for sustained access by the research 
community in the United States to high-end com-
puting systems and to Leadership Systems, includ-
ing provision for technical support for users of such 
systems; 
(5) support technology transfer to the private 
sector and others in accordance with applicable law; 
and 
(6) ensure that the high-end computing activi-
ties of the Department of Energy are coordinated 
with relevant activities in industry and with other 
Federal agencies, including the National Science 
Foundation,
the
Defense
Advanced
Research
Projects Agency, the National Security Agency, the 
National Institutes of Health, the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration, the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration, the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, and the En-
vironmental Protection Agency. 
(c) LEADERSHIP SYSTEMS FACILITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program car-
ried out under this Act, the Secretary shall establish 
and operate Leadership Systems facilities to— 
(A) conduct advanced scientific and engi-
neering research and development using Lead-
ership Systems; and 
(B)
develop
potential
advancements
in 
high-end computing system hardware and soft-
ware. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In carrying out this 
subsection, the Secretary shall provide access to 
Leadership Systems on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to researchers in United States industry, insti-
tutions of higher education, national laboratories, 
and other Federal agencies.
SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
In addition to amounts otherwise made available for 
high-end computing, there are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out this Act— 
(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(2) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 
(3) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2007. 
SEC. 5. SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION TECH-
NOLOGY. 
In carrying out its programs on the social, economic, 
legal, ethical, and cultural implications of information 
technology, the National Science Foundation shall support 
research into the implications of computers (including 
both hardware and software) that would be capable of 
mimicking human abilities to learn, reason, and make de-
cisions. 
SEC. 6. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ADVISORY COM-
MITTEE. 
(a)
AMENDMENTS.—Section
of
the
National 
Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
1862n–9) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘and the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration’’ each place it appears in 
subsections (a) and (b) and inserting ‘‘, the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the De-
partment of Energy’’;
(2) in subsection (b)(3), by inserting ‘‘the Sec-
retary of Energy,’’ after ‘‘the Administrator of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration,’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘5’’ in each of paragraphs 
(1) and (2) and inserting ‘‘4’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of para-
graph (2); 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
paragraph (4), and in that paragraph by strik-
ing ‘‘3’’ and inserting ‘‘2’’; and 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) 3 members selected by the Secretary of 
Energy; and’’; and 
(4) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘the advisory 
bodies of other Federal agencies, such as the De-
partment of Energy, which may engage in related 
research activities’’ and inserting ‘‘other Federal ad-
visory
committees
that
advise
Federal
agencies 
which engage in related research activities’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
subsection (a) shall take effect on March 15, 2005.
SEC. 7. REMOVAL OF SUNSET PROVISION FROM SAVINGS 
IN CONSTRUCTION ACT OF 1996. 
Section 14(e) of the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 
(15 U.S.C. 205l(e)) is repealed. 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 
High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004’’. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) CENTER.—The term ‘‘Center’’ means a High- 
End Software Development Center established under 
section 3(d). 
(2) HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEM.—The term 
‘‘high-end computing system’’ means a computing 
system with performance that substantially exceeds 
that of systems that are commonly available for ad-
vanced scientific and engineering applications. 
(3) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 
term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the mean-
ing given the term in section 101(a) of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 
(4) LEADERSHIP SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘Leader-
ship System’’ means a high-end computing system 
that is among the most advanced in the world in 
terms of performance in solving scientific and engi-
neering problems.
(5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy, acting through the Director 
of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy. 
SEC. 3. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COMPUTING 
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 
(1) carry out a program of research and develop-
ment (including development of software and hard-
ware) to advance high-end computing systems; and 
(2) develop and deploy high-end computing sys-
tems for advanced scientific and engineering applica-
tions. 
(b) PROGRAM.—The program shall— 
(1) support both individual investigators and 
multidisciplinary teams of investigators; 
(2) conduct research in multiple architectures, 
which may include vector, reconfigurable logic, 
streaming, processor-in-memory, and multithreading 
architectures; 
(3) conduct research on software for high-end 
computing systems, including research on algorithms, 
programming environments, tools, languages, and op-
erating systems for high-end computing systems, in 
collaboration with architecture development efforts;
(4) provide for sustained access by the research 
community in the United States to high-end com-
puting systems and to Leadership Systems, including 
provision of technical support for users of such sys-
tems; 
(5) support technology transfer to the private 
sector and others in accordance with applicable law; 
and 
(6) ensure that the high-end computing activities 
of the Department of Energy are coordinated with rel-
evant activities in industry and with other Federal 
agencies, including the National Science Foundation, 
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the 
National Nuclear Security Administration, the Na-
tional Security Agency, the National Institutes of 
Health, the National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration, the National Institutes of Standards 
and Technology, and the Environmental Protection 
Agency. 
(c) LEADERSHIP SYSTEMS FACILITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program car-
ried out under this Act, the Secretary shall establish 
and operate 1 or more Leadership Systems facilities 
to—
(A) conduct advanced scientific and engi-
neering research and development using Leader-
ship Systems; and 
(B) develop potential advancements in high- 
end computing system hardware and software. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In carrying out this sub-
section, the Secretary shall provide to Leadership Sys-
tems, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access to 
researchers in United States industry, institutions of 
higher education, national laboratories, and other 
Federal agencies. 
(d) HIGH-END SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT CENTER.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program car-
ried out under this Act, the Secretary shall establish 
at least 1 High-End Software Development Center. 
(2) DUTIES.—A Center shall concentrate efforts 
to develop, test, maintain, and support optimal algo-
rithms, programming environments, tools, languages, 
and operating systems for high-end computing sys-
tems. 
(3) STAFF.—A Center shall include— 
(A) a full-time research staff, to create a 
centralized knowledge base for high-end software 
development; and
(B) a rotating staff of researchers from 
other institutions and industry to assist in co-
ordination of research efforts and promote tech-
nology transfer to the private sector. 
(4) USE
OF
EXPERTISE.—The Secretary shall 
use the expertise of a Center to assess research and de-
velopment in high-end computing system architecture. 
(5) LOCATION.—The location of a Center shall be 
determined by a competitive proposal process admin-
istered by the Secretary. 
SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
In addition to amounts otherwise made available for 
high-end computing, there are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out this Act— 
(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(2) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 
(3) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2007. 
SEC. 5. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ADVISORY COM-
MITTEE. 
(a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 23 of the National Science 
Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n– 
9) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a) and paragraphs (1) and (2) 
of subsection (b), by striking ‘‘and the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration’’ and inserting ‘‘,
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 
and the Department of Energy’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)(3), by stiking ‘‘Administra-
tion, and’’ and inserting ‘‘Administration, the Sec-
retary of Energy,’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking 
‘‘5’’ and inserting ‘‘4’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 
the end; 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
paragraph (4), and in that paragraph by strik-
ing ‘‘3’’ and inserting ‘‘2’’; and 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(3) 3 members selected by the Secretary of En-
ergy; and’’; and 
(4) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘the advisory 
bodies of other Federal agencies, such as the Depart-
ment of Energy, which may engage in related re-
search activities’’ and inserting ‘‘other Federal advi-
sory committees that advise Federal agencies that en-
gage in related research activities’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by sub-
section (a) take effect on March 15, 2005.
SEC. 6. REMOVAL OF SUNSET PROVISION FROM SAVINGS IN 
CONSTRUCTION ACT OF 1996. 
Section 14 of the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 (15 
U.S.C. 205l) is amended by striking subsection (e).
Calendar No. 738 
108TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4516 
[Report No. 108–379] 
AN ACT 
To require the Secretary of Energy to carry out a 
program of research and development to advance 
high-end computing. 
SEPTEMBER 28, 2004 
Reported with an amendment