IIB 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6571 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
MAY 16, 2024 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation 
AN ACT 
To establish a critical supply chain resiliency and crisis re-
sponse program in the Department of Commerce, and 
to secure American leadership in deploying emerging 
technologies, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Promoting Resilient Supply Chains Act of 2023’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Additional responsibilities of Assistant Secretary of Commerce for In-
dustry and Analysis. 
Sec. 3. Critical supply chain resiliency and crisis response program. 
Sec. 4. Critical supply chain innovation and best practices. 
Sec. 5. Department of Commerce capability assessment. 
Sec. 6. Definitions. 
SEC. 2. ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF ASSISTANT SEC-
RETARY OF COMMERCE FOR INDUSTRY AND 
ANALYSIS. 
(a) ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES.—In addition to 
the responsibilities of the Assistant Secretary on the day 
before the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant 
Secretary shall have the following responsibilities: 
(1) Promote the leadership of the United States 
with respect to critical industries, critical supply 
chains, and emerging technologies that— 
(A) strengthen the national security of the 
United States; and 
(B) have a significant effect on the eco-
nomic security of the United States. 
(2) Encourage consultation with other agencies, 
covered nongovernmental representatives, industry, 
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institutions of higher education, and State and local 
governments in order to— 
(A) promote resilient critical supply chains; 
and 
(B) identify, prepare for, and respond to 
supply chain shocks to— 
(i) critical industries; 
(ii) critical supply chains; and 
(iii) emerging technologies. 
(3) Encourage the growth and competitiveness 
of United States productive capacities and manufac-
turing in the United States of emerging tech-
nologies. 
(4) Monitor the resilience, diversity, security, 
and strength of critical supply chains and critical in-
dustries (including critical industries for emerging 
technologies). 
(5) Support the availability of critical goods 
from domestic manufacturers, domestic enterprises, 
and manufacturing operations in countries that are 
an ally or key international partner nation. 
(6) Assist the Federal Government in preparing 
for and responding to supply chain shocks to critical 
supply chains, including by improving flexible manu-
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facturing capacities and capabilities in the United 
States. 
(7) Consistent with United States obligations 
under international agreements, encourage and 
incentivize the reduced reliance of domestic enter-
prises and domestic manufacturers on critical goods 
from countries that are described in clause (i) or (ii) 
of section 6(2)(B). 
(8) Encourage the relocation of manufacturing 
facilities that manufacture critical goods from coun-
tries that are described in clause (i) or (ii) of section 
6(2)(B) to the United States and countries that are 
an ally or key international partner nation to 
strengthen the resilience, diversity, security, and 
strength of critical supply chains. 
(9) Support the creation of jobs with competi-
tive wages in the United States manufacturing sec-
tor. 
(10) Encourage manufacturing growth and op-
portunities in rural and underserved communities. 
(11) Promote the health of the economy of the 
United States and the competitiveness of manufac-
turing in the United States. 
(b) CAPABILITIES AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT.—In 
carrying out subsection (a), the Assistant Secretary— 
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(1) shall establish capabilities to— 
(A) assess the state of technology, innova-
tion, and production capacity in the United 
States and other countries; and 
(B) conduct other activities that the As-
sistant Secretary considers to be critical for the 
use of analytic capabilities, statistics, datasets, 
and metrics related to critical technologies and 
innovation; and 
(2) may utilize external organizations to provide 
independent and objective technical support. 
SEC. 3. CRITICAL SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY AND CRISIS 
RESPONSE PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Sec-
retary shall establish in the Department of Commerce a 
critical supply chain resiliency and crisis response program 
to conduct the activities described in subsection (b). 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the program, the 
Assistant Secretary shall conduct activities— 
(1) in coordination with the unified coordina-
tion group established under subsection (c), to— 
(A) map, monitor, and model critical sup-
ply chains, including critical supply chains for 
emerging technologies, which may include— 
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(i) modeling the impact of supply 
chain shocks on critical industries (includ-
ing critical industries for emerging tech-
nologies), critical supply chains, domestic 
enterprises, and domestic manufacturers; 
(ii) monitoring the demand for and 
supply of critical goods, production equip-
ment, and manufacturing technology need-
ed for critical supply chains, including crit-
ical goods, production equipment, and 
manufacturing technology obtained by or 
purchased from a person outside of the 
United States or imported into the United 
States; and 
(iii) 
monitoring 
manufacturing, 
warehousing, transportation, and distribu-
tion related to critical supply chains; 
(B) identify high priority gaps and 
vulnerabilities, which may include single points 
of failure, in critical supply chains and critical 
industries (including critical industries for 
emerging technologies) that— 
(i) exist as of the date of the enact-
ment of this Act; or 
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(ii) are anticipated to occur after the 
date of the enactment of this Act; 
(C) identify potential supply chain shocks 
to a critical supply chain that may disrupt, 
strain, compromise, or eliminate the critical 
supply chain (including supply chains involving 
emerging technologies); 
(D) evaluate the capability and capacity of 
domestic manufacturers or manufacturers lo-
cated in countries that are an ally or key inter-
national partner nation to serve as sources for 
critical goods, production equipment, or manu-
facturing technology needed in critical supply 
chains 
(including 
supply 
chains 
involving 
emerging technologies); 
(E) evaluate the effect on the national se-
curity and economic competitiveness of the 
United States, including on consumer prices, 
job losses, and wages, that may result from the 
disruption, strain, compromise, or elimination 
of a critical supply chain; 
(F) evaluate the state of the manufac-
turing workforce, including by— 
(i) identifying the needs of domestic 
manufacturers; and 
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(ii) identifying opportunities to create 
high-quality manufacturing jobs; and 
(G) identify investments in critical goods, 
production equipment, and manufacturing tech-
nology from non-Federal sources; 
(2) in coordination with State and local govern-
ments and the unified coordination group established 
under subsection (c), and, as appropriate, in con-
sultation with countries that are an ally or key inter-
national partner nation, to— 
(A) identify opportunities to reduce gaps 
and vulnerabilities in critical supply chains and 
critical industries (including critical industries 
for emerging technologies); 
(B) encourage consultation between the 
Federal Government, industry, covered non-
governmental representatives, institutions of 
higher education, and State and local govern-
ments to— 
(i) better respond to supply chain 
shocks to critical supply chains and critical 
industries (including critical industries for 
emerging technologies); and 
(ii) coordinate response efforts to sup-
ply chain shocks; 
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(C) encourage consultation between the 
Federal Government and the governments of 
countries that are an ally or key international 
partner nation; 
(D) develop or identify opportunities to 
build the capacity of the United States in crit-
ical supply chains, critical industries, and 
emerging technologies; 
(E) develop or identify opportunities to 
build the capacity of countries that are an ally 
or key international partner nation in critical 
industries (including critical industries for 
emerging technologies) and critical supply 
chains; 
(F) develop contingency plans and coordi-
nation mechanisms to improve the response of 
critical supply chains and critical industry (in-
cluding critical industries for emerging tech-
nologies) to supply chain shocks; and 
(G) support methods and technologies, in-
cluding blockchain technology, distributed ledg-
er technology, and other emerging technologies, 
as appropriate, for the authentication and 
traceability of critical goods; 
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(3) acting within the authority of the Secretary 
that exists as of the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and in consultation with the Secretary of State 
and the United States Trade Representative, to con-
sult with governments of countries that are an ally 
or key international partner nation to promote resil-
ient critical supply chains that ensure the supply of 
critical goods, production equipment, and manufac-
turing technology to the United States and compa-
nies located in countries that are an ally or key 
international partner nation; 
(4) in consultation with other offices and divi-
sions of the Department of Commerce and other 
agencies, to leverage existing authorities (as of the 
date of the enactment of this Act) to encourage the 
resilience of supply chains of critical industries (in-
cluding critical industries for emerging technologies); 
and 
(5) to determine which emerging technologies 
may assist in conducting the activities described in 
this subsection and promote such emerging tech-
nologies. 
(c) UNIFIED COORDINATION GROUP.—In conducting 
the activities described in subsection (b), the Assistant 
Secretary shall— 
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(1) establish a unified coordination group led by 
the Assistant Secretary, which shall include, as ap-
propriate, private sector partners and covered non-
governmental representatives, to serve as a body for 
consultation by agencies described in subsection (g) 
to plan for and respond to supply chain shocks and 
support the resilience, diversity, security, and 
strength of critical supply chains; 
(2) establish subgroups of the unified coordina-
tion group established under paragraph (1) that 
shall be led by the head of an appropriate agency; 
and 
(3) through the unified coordination group es-
tablished under paragraph (1)— 
(A) acquire on a voluntary basis technical, 
engineering, and operational critical supply 
chain information from the private sector, in a 
manner that ensures any critical supply chain 
information provided by the private sector is 
kept confidential and is exempt from disclosure 
under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United 
States Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Freedom 
of Information Act’’); 
(B) study the critical supply chain infor-
mation acquired under subparagraph (A) to as-
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sess critical supply chains, including critical 
supply chains for emerging technologies, and in-
form planning for potential supply chain 
shocks; 
(C) convene with relevant private sector 
entities to share best practices, planning, and 
capabilities to respond to potential supply chain 
shocks; and 
(D) factor in any relevant findings from 
the studies required by the American COM-
PETE Act (title XV of division FF of the Con-
solidated Appropriations Act, 2021; Public Law 
116–260; 134 Stat. 3276). 
(d) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.—The Secretary, 
in consultation with other relevant agencies, may consult 
with governments of countries that are an ally or key 
international partner nation relating to enhancing the se-
curity and resilience of critical supply chains in response 
to supply chain shocks. 
(e) DESIGNATIONS.—The Assistant Secretary shall— 
(1) not later than 270 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, designate— 
(A) critical industries; 
(B) critical supply chains; and 
(C) critical goods; 
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(2) provide for a period of public comment and 
review in carrying out paragraph (1); and 
(3) update the designations made under para-
graph (1) not less frequently than once every 4 
years, including designations for technologies not de-
scribed in section 6(12)(B) that the Assistant Sec-
retary considers necessary. 
(f) NATIONAL STRATEGY AND REVIEW ON CRITICAL 
SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY
AND MANUFACTURING
IN 
THE UNITED STATES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less 
frequently than once every 2 years thereafter, the 
Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the head of 
each relevant agency, covered nongovernmental rep-
resentative, industry, institution of higher education, 
and State and local government, shall submit to the 
relevant committees of Congress and post on the 
website of the Assistant Secretary a report that— 
(A) identifies— 
(i) critical infrastructure that may as-
sist in fulfilling the responsibilities de-
scribed in section 2; 
(ii) emerging technologies that may 
assist in fulfilling the responsibilities de-
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scribed in section 2 and carrying out the 
program, including such technologies that 
may be critical to addressing preparedness, 
weaknesses, and vulnerabilities relating to 
critical supply chains; 
(iii) critical industries, critical supply 
chains, and critical goods designated under 
subsection (e); 
(iv) other supplies and services that 
are critical to the crisis preparedness of 
the United States; 
(v) substitutes for critical goods, pro-
duction equipment, and manufacturing 
technology; 
(vi) methods and technologies, includ-
ing blockchain technology, distributed ledg-
er technology, and other emerging tech-
nologies, as appropriate, for the authen-
tication and traceability of critical goods; 
and 
(vii) countries that are an ally or key 
international partner nation; 
(B) describes the matters identified and 
evaluated under subsection (b)(1), including— 
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(i) the manufacturing base, critical 
supply chains, and emerging technologies 
in the United States, including the manu-
facturing base and critical supply chains 
for— 
(I) critical goods; 
(II) production equipment; and 
(III) manufacturing technology; 
and 
(ii) the ability of the United States 
to— 
(I) maintain readiness with re-
spect to preparing for and responding 
to supply chain shocks; and 
(II) in response to a supply chain 
shock— 
(aa) surge production in 
critical industries; 
(bb) surge production of 
critical goods and production 
equipment; and 
(cc) maintain access to crit-
ical goods, production equipment, 
and manufacturing technology; 
(C) assesses and describes— 
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(i) the demand and supply of critical 
goods, production equipment, and manu-
facturing technology; 
(ii) the production of critical goods, 
production equipment, and manufacturing 
technology by domestic manufacturers; 
(iii) the capability and capacity of do-
mestic manufacturers and manufacturers 
in countries that are an ally or key inter-
national partner nation to manufacture 
critical goods, production equipment, and 
manufacturing technology; and 
(iv) how supply chain shocks could af-
fect rural, Tribal, and underserved commu-
nities; 
(D) identifies threats and supply chain 
shocks that may disrupt, strain, compromise, or 
eliminate critical supply chains, critical goods, 
and critical industries (including critical indus-
tries for emerging technologies); 
(E) with regard to any threat identified 
under subparagraph (D), lists any threat or 
supply chain shock that may originate from a 
country, or a company or individual from a 
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country, that is described in clause (i) or (ii) of 
section 6(2)(B); 
(F) assesses— 
(i) the resilience and capacity of the 
manufacturing base, critical supply chains, 
and workforce of the United States and 
countries that are an ally or key inter-
national partner nation that can sustain 
critical industries (including critical indus-
tries for emerging technologies) through a 
supply chain shock; 
(ii) the effect innovation has on do-
mestic manufacturers; and 
(iii) any single points of failure in the 
critical supply chains described in clause 
(i); 
(G) with respect to countries that are an 
ally or key international partner nation, reviews 
the sourcing of critical goods, production equip-
ment, and manufacturing technology associated 
with critical industries located in such coun-
tries; 
(H) assesses the flexible manufacturing ca-
pacity and capability available in the United 
States in the case of a supply chain shock; and 
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(I) develops a strategy for the Department 
of Commerce to support the resilience, diver-
sity, security, and strength of critical supply 
chains and emerging technologies to— 
(i) support sufficient access to critical 
goods by mitigating vulnerabilities in crit-
ical supply chains, including critical supply 
chains concentrated in countries that are 
described in clause (i) or (ii) of section 
6(2)(B); 
(ii) consult with other relevant agen-
cies to assist countries that are an ally or 
key international partner nation in build-
ing capacity for manufacturing critical 
goods; 
(iii) recover from supply chain shocks; 
(iv) identify, in consultation with 
other relevant agencies, actions relating to 
critical supply chains or emerging tech-
nologies that the United States may take 
to— 
(I) raise living standards; 
(II) increase employment oppor-
tunities; and 
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(III) improve responses to supply 
chain shocks; 
(v) protect against supply chain 
shocks relating to critical supply chains 
from countries that are described in clause 
(i) or (ii) of section 6(2)(B); 
(vi) support methods and technologies, 
including blockchain technology, distrib-
uted ledger technologies, and other emerg-
ing technologies, as appropriate, for the 
authentication and traceability of critical 
goods; and 
(vii) make specific recommendations 
to implement the strategy under this sec-
tion and improve the security and resil-
iency of manufacturing capacity and sup-
ply chains for critical industries (including 
critical industries for emerging tech-
nologies), by— 
(I) developing long-term strate-
gies; 
(II) increasing visibility into the 
networks and capabilities of domestic 
manufacturers and suppliers of do-
mestic manufacturers; 
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(III) identifying industry best 
practices; 
(IV) evaluating how diverse sup-
plier networks, multi-platform and 
multi-region production capabilities 
and sources, and integrated global 
and regional critical supply chains can 
enhance the resilience of— 
(aa) critical industries in the 
United States; 
(bb) emerging technologies 
in the United States; 
(cc) jobs in the United 
States; 
(dd) manufacturing capabili-
ties of the United States; and 
(ee) the access of the United 
States to critical goods during a 
supply chain shock; 
(V) identifying and mitigating 
risks, including— 
(aa) 
significant 
vulnerabilities to supply chain 
shocks; and 
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(bb) exposure to gaps and 
vulnerabilities in domestic capac-
ity or capabilities and sources of 
imports needed to sustain critical 
industries (including critical in-
dustries 
for 
emerging 
tech-
nologies) 
or 
critical 
supply 
chains; 
(VI) identifying enterprise re-
source planning systems that are— 
(aa) compatible across crit-
ical supply chain tiers; and 
(bb) affordable for all sizes 
of business and for startups; 
(VII) understanding the total 
cost of ownership, total value con-
tribution, and other best practices 
that encourage strategic partnerships 
throughout critical supply chains; 
(VIII) 
understanding 
Federal 
procurement opportunities to increase 
resilient critical supply chains and fill 
gaps in domestic purchasing; 
(IX) identifying opportunities to 
consult with countries that are an ally 
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or key international partner nation to 
build more resilient critical supply 
chains and mitigate risks; 
(X) identifying opportunities to 
reuse and recycle critical goods, in-
cluding raw materials, to increase re-
silient critical supply chains; 
(XI) consulting with countries 
that are an ally or key international 
partner nation on— 
(aa) sourcing critical goods, 
production equipment, and man-
ufacturing technology; and 
(bb) developing, sustaining, 
and expanding production and 
availability of critical goods, pro-
duction equipment, and manufac-
turing technology during a supply 
chain shock; 
(XII) identifying such other serv-
ices as the Assistant Secretary deter-
mines necessary; and 
(XIII) 
providing 
guidance 
to 
other relevant agencies with respect to 
critical goods, supply chains, and crit-
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ical industries (including critical in-
dustries for emerging technologies) 
that should be prioritized to ensure 
United States leadership in the de-
ployment of such technologies. 
(2) PROHIBITION.—The report submitted under 
paragraph (1) may not include— 
(A) critical supply chain information that 
is not aggregated; 
(B) confidential business information of a 
private sector entity; or 
(C) classified information. 
(3) FORM.—The report submitted under para-
graph (1), and any update submitted thereafter, 
shall be submitted to the relevant committees of 
Congress in unclassified form and may include a 
classified annex. 
(4) PUBLIC
COMMENT.—The Assistant Sec-
retary shall provide for a period of public comment 
and review in developing the report submitted under 
paragraph (1). 
(g) CONSULTATION.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
shall enter into an agreement with the head of any rel-
evant agency to obtain any information, data, or assist-
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