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perspectives and a wide range of views on world 
regions, foreign language, international affairs, 
and international business; and 
‘‘(C) to advise the Secretary and the Con-
gress with respect to needs for expertise in gov-
ernment, the private sector, and education in 
order to enhance America’s understanding of, 
and engagement in, the world. 
‘‘(b) INDEPENDENCE OF INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY 
BOARD.—In the exercise of its functions, powers, and du-
ties, the International Advisory Board shall be inde-
pendent of the Secretary and the other offices and officers 
of the Department. Except as provided in this subsection 
and subsection (f), the recommendations of the Inter-
national Advisory Board shall not be subject to review or 
approval by any officer of the Federal Government. Noth-
ing in this title shall be construed to authorize the Inter-
national Advisory Board to mandate, direct, or control an 
institution of higher education’s specific instructional con-
tent, curriculum, or program of instruction or instructor. 
The International Advisory Board is authorized to assess 
a sample of activities supported under this title, using ma-
terials that have been submitted to the Department of 
Education by grant recipients under this title, in order to 
provide recommendations to the Secretary and the Con-
323
gress for the improvement of programs under the title and 
to ensure programs meet the purposes of the title to pro-
mote the study of and expertise in foreign language and 
world regions, especially with respect to diplomacy, na-
tional security, and international business and trade com-
petitiveness. The recommendations of the International 
Advisory Board may address any area in need of improve-
ment, except that any recommendation of specific legisla-
tion to Congress shall be made only if the President deems 
it necessary and expedient. 
‘‘(c) MEMBERSHIP.—
‘‘(1) APPOINTMENT.—The International Advi-
sory Board shall have 7 members of whom—
‘‘(A) 3 members shall be appointed by the 
Secretary; 
‘‘(B) 2 members shall be appointed by the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, upon 
the recommendation of the Majority Leader and 
the Minority Leader; and 
‘‘(C) 2 members shall be appointed by the 
President pro tempore of the Senate, upon the 
recommendation of the Majority Leader and the 
Minority Leader. 
‘‘(2) REPRESENTATION.—Two of the members 
appointed by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(A)
324
shall be appointed to represent Federal agencies that 
have diplomacy, national security, international com-
merce, or other international activity responsibilities, 
after consultation with the heads of such agencies. 
The members of the International Advisory Board 
shall also include (but not be limited to) persons 
with international expertise representing States, in-
stitutions of higher education, cultural organizations, 
educational organizations, international business, 
local education agencies, students, and private citi-
zens with expertise in international concerns. 
‘‘(3) QUALIFICATION.—Members of the Inter-
national Advisory Board shall be individuals who 
have technical qualifications, professional standing, 
experience working in international affairs or foreign 
service or international business occupations, or 
demonstrated knowledge in the fields of higher edu-
cation and international education, including foreign 
languages, world regions, or international affairs. 
‘‘(d) FUNCTIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY 
BOARD.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The International Advisory 
Board shall provide recommendations in accordance 
with subsection (b) regarding improvement of pro-
grams under this title to the Secretary and the Con-
325
gress for their review. The International Advisory 
Board may—
‘‘(A) review and comment upon the regula-
tions for grants under this title; 
‘‘(B) assess a sample of activities sup-
ported under this title based on the purposes 
and objectives of this title, using materials that 
have been submitted to the Department of Edu-
cation by grant recipients under this title, in 
order to provide recommendations for improve-
ment of the programs under this title; 
‘‘(C) make recommendations that will as-
sist the Secretary and the Congress to improve 
the programs under this title to better reflect 
the national needs related to foreign languages, 
world regions, diplomacy, national security, and 
international business and trade competitive-
ness, including an assessment of the national 
needs and the training provided by the institu-
tions of higher education that receive a grant 
under this title for expert and non-expert level 
foreign language training; 
‘‘(D) make recommendations to the Sec-
retary and the Congress regarding such studies, 
surveys, and analyses of international education
326
that will provide feedback about the programs 
under this title and assure that their relative 
authorized activities reflect diverse perspectives 
and a wide range of views on world regions, for-
eign languages, diplomacy, national security, 
and international business and trade competi-
tiveness; 
‘‘(E) make recommendations that will 
strengthen the partnerships between local edu-
cational agencies, public and private elementary 
and secondary education schools, and grant re-
cipients under this title to ensure that the re-
search and knowledge about world regions, for-
eign languages, and international affairs is 
widely disseminated to local educational agen-
cies; 
‘‘(F) make recommendations on how insti-
tutions of higher education that receive a grant 
under this title can encourage students to serve 
the Nation and meet national needs in an inter-
national affairs, international business, foreign 
language, or national security capacity; 
‘‘(G) make recommendations on how link-
ages between institutions of higher education 
and public and private organizations that are
327
involved in international education, inter-
national business and trade competitiveness, 
language training, and international research 
capacities may fulfill the manpower and infor-
mation needs of United States businesses; and 
‘‘(H) make recommendations to the Sec-
retary and the Congress about opportunities for 
underrepresented populations in the areas of 
foreign language study, diplomacy, international 
business and trade competitiveness, and inter-
national economics, in order to effectively carry 
out the activities of the Institute under part C. 
‘‘(2) HEARINGS.—The International Advisory 
Board shall provide for public hearing and comment 
regarding the matter contained in the recommenda-
tions described in paragraph (1), prior to the sub-
mission of those recommendations to the Secretary 
and the Congress. 
‘‘(e) OPERATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE.—
‘‘(1) TERMS.—Each member of the Inter-
national Advisory Board shall be appointed for a 
term of 3 years, except that, of the members first 
appointed (A) 4 shall be appointed for a term of 3 
years, and (B) 3 shall be appointed for a term of 4 
years, as designated at the time of appointment by
328
the Secretary. A member of the International Advi-
sory Board may be reappointed to successive terms 
on the International Advisory Board. 
‘‘(2) VACANCIES.—Any member appointed to 
fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the 
term of a predecessor shall be appointed only for the 
remainder of such term. A member of the Inter-
national Advisory Board shall, upon the Secretary’s 
request, continue to serve after the expiration of a 
term until a successor has been appointed. 
‘‘(3) NO
GOVERNMENTAL
MEMBERS.—Except 
for the members appointed by the Secretary under 
subsection (c)(1)(A), no officers or full-time employ-
ees of the Federal Government shall serve as mem-
bers of the International Advisory Board. 
‘‘(4) MEETINGS.—The International Advisory 
Board shall meet not less than once each year. The 
International Advisory Board shall hold additional 
meetings at the call of the Chair or upon the written 
request of not less than 3 voting members of the 
International Advisory Board. 
‘‘(5) QUORUM.—A majority of the voting mem-
bers of the International Advisory Board serving at 
the time of a meeting shall constitute a quorum.