(D) African-Americans are half as likely as 
white students to complete a Bachelor’s degree 
in 4 years; and 
(E) low-income students are half as likely 
as upper-income students to complete a Bach-
elor’s degree in 4 years. 
(3) High loan debt and long work hours threat-
en college access: 
(A) Seventy percent of such Federal stu-
dent aid was in the form of loans and less than 
20 percent was in the form of grants—while in 
1975 grants accounted for 75 percent of Fed-
eral student aid funding. 
(B) The maximum Pell grant scholarship 
is worth nearly $800 less, in real terms, than 
the maximum award in 1975–1976. 
(C) The typical student now graduates 
with $19,000 in debt. 
(D) Forty-six percent of all students who 
work in addition to being full-time students re-
port 25 hours or more a week of employment. 
(E) Half of those employed more than 25 
hours a week report that working hurts their 
grades and retention in college, and students 
who work more than 35 hours a week are con-
siderably less likely to complete a year of col-
lege than those who work less than 15 hours a 
week. 
(F) Low-income, college-qualified high 
school graduates have an annual ‘‘unmet need’’ 
of $3,800 in college expenses, expenses not cov-
ered by grants, loans, work, or family savings. 
(4) There is a severe shortage of qualified 
teachers, especially in high-need fields and low-in-
come areas because—
(A) approximately one-third of America’s 
teachers leave teaching sometime during their 
first 3 years of teaching and almost half leave 
during the first 5 years; 
(B) overall turnover rate for teachers in 
high-poverty areas is almost 33 percent higher 
than it is for teachers in all schools; and 
(C) in low-poverty secondary schools, ap-
proximately one-third of students are taught by 
a teacher who lacks either a college degree in 
the subject area in which the teacher teaches or 
certification in such subject area, while in high-
poverty secondary schools, approximately one-
half of students are taught by such a teacher.
TITLE I—BOOSTING COLLEGE 
OPPORTUNITIES 
SEC. 101. PELL GRANTS. 
(a) MAXIMUM GRANTS.—Section 401(b)(2)(A) (20 
U.S.C. 1070a(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking clauses (i) 
through (v) and inserting the following: 
‘‘(i) $7,600 for academic year 2006–2007; 
‘‘(ii) $8,600 for academic year 2007–2008; 
‘‘(iii) $9,600 for academic year 2008–2009; 
‘‘(iv) $10,600 for academic year 2009–2010; 
and 
‘‘(v) $11,600 for academic year 2010–2011,’’. 
(b) YEAR-ROUND PELL GRANTS.—Section 401 is 
further amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection: 
‘‘(k) YEAR-ROUND PELL GRANTS.—
‘‘(1) PILOT PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.—The Sec-
retary shall establish in accordance with this sub-
section a year-round Pell grant pilot program. Any 
institution of higher education that desires to par-
ticipate in the program under this subsection shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time 
and containing or accompanied by such information 
and assurances as the Secretary may require. The
Secretary may select not more than 500 institutions 
of higher education for participation in the program. 
‘‘(2) PROGRAM
ELEMENTS.—With respect to 
students who are eligible for a Pell grant under this 
section and who are enrolled in institutions partici-
pating in the program under this subsection, the 
Secretary is authorized—
‘‘(A) to award such students two Pell 
grants in one calendar year to permit such stu-
dents to accelerate progress towards their de-
gree or certificate objectives by enrolling in aca-
demic programs for 12 rather than 9 months of 
the year at participating institutions; and 
‘‘(B) to award such two Pell grants to 
such students in a total amount up to 133 per-
cent of the maximum Pell under subsection 
(b)(2)(A) that is applicable for the academic 
year. 
‘‘(3) LIMITATION.—The Secretary shall limit 
the awarding of additional Pell grants under this 
subsection in a single calendar year to students who 
attend bachelor’s or associate’s degree-granting in-
stitutions with the following characteristics: 
‘‘(A) in the case of a bachelor’s degree-
granting institution, the graduation rate for the
institution of higher education reported by the 
Integrated Postsecondary Education Data Sys-
tem for the preceding five academic years is at 
least 50 percent; 
‘‘(B) in the case of an associate’s degree-
granting institution, the completion rate for the 
institution of higher education reported by the 
Integrated Postsecondary Education Data Sys-
tem for the preceding three academic years has 
improved by a total of at least five percent; and 
‘‘(C) the average time of enrollment re-
quired to complete a degree at the institution—
‘‘(i) among students who enter as 
freshman and earn bachelor’s degrees is 14 
or fewer quarters, or 9 or fewer semesters 
or the equivalent; or 
‘‘(ii) among students who enter as 
full-time freshmen and earn associate’s de-
grees is 8 or fewer quarters, or 7 or fewer 
semesters equivalent. 
‘‘(4) TERMINATION; EVALUATION.—The author-
ity of the Secretary under this subsection shall cease 
to be effective on October 1, 2011. Not later than 
October 1, 2010, the Secretary shall conduct an 
evaluation of the program under this subsection and
submit to the Congress a report on the results of 
such evaluation.’’. 
(c) ELIMINATION OF TUITION SENSITIVITY PROVI-
SION.—Section 401(b) is further amended—
(1) by striking paragraph (3); and 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (4) though (8) 
as paragraphs (3) through (7), respectively. 
SEC. 
102. 
COLLEGE 
AFFORDABILITY 
AND 
ACCOUNT-
ABILITY. 
(a) STATE COMMITMENT TO AFFORDABLE COLLEGE 
EDUCATION.—Title I is amended by inserting after sec-
tion 131 (20 U.S.C. 1015) the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 132. STATE COMMITMENT TO AFFORDABLE COLLEGE 
EDUCATION. 
‘‘(a) MAINTENANCE
OF EFFORT REQUIRED.—No 
State shall reduce the total amount provided by the State 
for public institutions of higher education in such State 
for any academic year beginning on or after July 1, 2005, 
to an amount which is less than the average amount pro-
vided by such State to such institutions of higher edu-
cation during the academic years between July 1, 1998, 
and July 1, 2003. 
‘‘(b) WITHHOLDING OF ALL EDUCATION ADMINIS-
TRATIVE FUNDS FOR VIOLATIONS.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, the Secretary of Education shall