the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 
1974 (29 U.S.C. 1002(3)). 
(7) HEALTH
CARE
PROVIDER.—The term 
‘‘health care provider’’ means a provider who— 
(A) is— 
(i) a doctor of medicine or osteopathy 
who is authorized to practice medicine or 
surgery (as appropriate) by the State in 
which the doctor practices; or 
(ii) any other person determined by 
the Secretary to be capable of providing 
health care services; and 
(B) is not employed by a rail carrier for 
whom the provider issues certification under 
this section. 
(8) PAID
SICK
TIME.—The term ‘‘paid sick 
time’’ means an increment of compensated leave 
that— 
(A) can be earned by a rail carrier em-
ployee for use during an absence from employ-
ment for any of the reasons described in para-
graphs (1) through (4) of section 20(b); and 
(B) is compensated at a rate that is not 
less than the regular rate of pay of the rail car-
rier employee. 
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(9) PARENT.—The term ‘‘parent’’ means a bio-
logical, foster, or adoptive parent of a rail carrier 
employee, a stepparent of a rail carrier employee, 
parent-in-law, parent of a domestic partner, or a 
legal guardian or other person who stood in loco 
parentis to a rail carrier employee when the rail car-
rier employee was a child. 
(10) RAIL
CARRIER
EMPLOYEE.—The term 
‘‘rail carrier employee’’ means an employee of a rail 
carrier who performs work that has been tradition-
ally performed by employees in a railroad industry 
craft or class recognized under the paragraph des-
ignated ‘‘Ninth’’ of section 2 of the Railway Labor 
Act (45 U.S.C. 152), including any employee who 
performs— 
(A) work with respect to the movement of 
trains; 
(B) maintenance of way work; 
(C) signal work; 
(D) work for purposes of the inspection, 
maintenance, repair, or cleaning of locomotives, 
rail maintenance facilities, rail-related equip-
ment, or rail cars; 
(E) dispatching work; 
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(F) work with respect to controlling the 
movement of equipment within a rail yard; or 
(G) rail clerical or communications work. 
(11) 
SECRETARY.—The 
term 
‘‘Secretary’’ 
means the Secretary of Labor. 
(12) SEXUAL ASSAULT.—The term ‘‘sexual as-
sault’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
40002(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 
1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291(a)). 
(13) SPOUSE.—The term ‘‘spouse’’, with re-
spect to a rail carrier employee, has the meaning 
given such term by the marriage laws of the State 
in which the marriage was celebrated. 
(14) STALKING.—The term ‘‘stalking’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 40002(a) of the 
Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 
12291(a)). 
(15) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ has the mean-
ing given the term in section 3 of the Fair Labor 
Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203). 
(16) VICTIM
SERVICES
ORGANIZATION.—The 
term ‘‘victim services organization’’ means a non-
profit, nongovernmental organization that provides 
assistance to victims of domestic violence, sexual as-
sault, or stalking or advocates for such victims, in-
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cluding a rape crisis center, an organization carrying 
out a domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking 
prevention or treatment program, an organization 
operating a shelter or providing counseling services, 
or a legal services organization or other organization 
providing assistance through the legal process. 
Æ 
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