I 
109TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 759 
To provide for a program of scientific research on abrupt climate change, 
to accelerate the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the United 
States by establishing a market-driven system of greenhouse gas 
tradeable allowances that will limit greenhouse gas emissions in the 
United States, reduce dependence upon foreign oil, and ensure benefits 
to consumers from the trading in such allowances, and for other pur-
poses. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 10, 2005 
Mr. GILCHREST (for himself, Mr. OLVER, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. 
BOEHLERT, Mr. INSLEE, Mrs. KELLY, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. EHLERS, Mr. 
WAXMAN, Mr. CASTLE, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. PETRI, Mr. FORD, Mr. 
LEACH, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, Mr. SAXTON, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. 
WELDON of Pennsylvania, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. WALSH, Ms. MCCOLLUM of 
Minnesota, Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. SIM-
MONS, and Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, and in addition to 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently 
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provi-
sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To provide for a program of scientific research on abrupt 
climate change, to accelerate the reduction of greenhouse 
gas emissions in the United States by establishing a 
market-driven system of greenhouse gas tradeable allow-
ances that will limit greenhouse gas emissions in the 
United States, reduce dependence upon foreign oil, and
ensure benefits to consumers from the trading in such 
allowances, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Climate Stewardship 
Act of 2005’’. 
SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title. 
Sec. 2. Table of contents. 
Sec. 3. Definitions. 
TITLE I—FEDERAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH AND RELATED 
ACTIVITIES 
Sec. 101. National Science Foundation fellowships. 
Sec. 102. Research grants. 
Sec. 103. Abrupt climate change research. 
Sec. 104. NIST greenhouse gas functions. 
Sec. 105. Development of new measurement technologies. 
Sec. 106. Enhanced environmental measurements and standards. 
Sec. 107. Technology development and diffusion. 
Sec. 108. Agricultural outreach program. 
Sec. 109. NOAA Report on climate change effects; preparation assistance. 
TITLE II—NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS DATABASE 
Sec. 201. National greenhouse gas database and registry established. 
Sec. 202. Inventory of greenhouse gas emissions for covered entities. 
Sec. 203. Greenhouse gas reduction reporting. 
Sec. 204. Measurement and verification. 
TITLE III—MARKET-DRIVEN GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONS 
Subtitle A—Emission Reduction Requirements; Use of Tradeable Allowances 
Sec. 301. Covered entities must submit allowances for emissions. 
Sec. 302. Compliance. 
Sec. 303. Borrowing against future reductions. 
Sec. 304. Other uses of tradeable allowances. 
Sec. 305. Exemption of source categories. 
Subtitle B—Establishment and Allocation of Tradeable Allowances 
Sec. 331. Establishment of tradeable allowances. 
Sec. 332. Determination of tradeable allowance allocations.
Sec. 333. Allocation of tradeable allowances. 
Sec. 334. Ensuring target adequacy. 
Sec. 335. Initial allocations for early participation and accelerated participation. 
Sec. 336. Bonus for accelerated participation. 
Subtitle C—Climate Change Credit Corporation 
Sec. 351. Establishment. 
Sec. 352. Purposes and functions. 
Subtitle D—Sequestration Accounting; Penalties 
Sec. 371. Sequestration accounting. 
Sec. 372. Penalties. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis-
trator’’ means the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency. 
(2) BASELINE.—The term ‘‘baseline’’ means 
the historic greenhouse gas emission levels of an en-
tity, as adjusted upward by the Administrator to re-
flect actual reductions that are verified in accord-
ance with— 
(A) regulations promulgated under section 
201(c)(1); and 
(B) relevant standards and methods devel-
oped under this title. 
(3) CARBON DIOXIDE EQUIVALENTS.—The term 
‘‘carbon dioxide equivalents’’ means, for each green-
house gas, the amount of each such greenhouse gas 
that makes the same contribution to global warming
as one metric ton of carbon dioxide, as determined 
by the Administrator. 
(4) COVERED
SECTORS.—The term ‘‘covered 
sectors’’ means the electricity, transportation, indus-
try, and commercial sectors, as such terms are used 
in the Inventory. 
(5) COVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘covered en-
tity’’ means an entity (including a branch, depart-
ment, agency, or instrumentality of Federal, State, 
or local government) that— 
(A) owns or controls a source of green-
house gas emissions in the electric power, in-
dustrial, or commercial sector of the United 
States economy (as defined in the Inventory), 
refines or imports petroleum products for use in 
transportation, 
or 
produces 
or 
imports 
hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, or sulfur 
hexafluoride; and 
(B) emits, from any single facility owned 
by the entity, over 10,000 metric tons of green-
house gas per year, measured in units of carbon 
dioxide equivalents, or produces or imports— 
(i) petroleum products that, when 
combusted, will emit,
(ii) 
hydrofluorocarbons, 
perfluorocarbons, or sulfur hexafluoride 
that, when used, will emit, or 
(iii) other greenhouse gases that, 
when used, will emit, 
over 10,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas per 
year, measured in units of carbon dioxide 
equivalents. 
(6) DATABASE.—The term ‘‘database’’ means 
the national greenhouse gas database established 
under section 201. 
(7) DIRECT
EMISSIONS.—The term ‘‘direct 
emissions’’ means greenhouse gas emissions by an 
entity from a facility that is owned or controlled by 
that entity. 
(8) FACILITY.—The term ‘‘facility’’ means a 
building, structure, or installation located on any 1 
or more contiguous or adjacent properties of an enti-
ty in the United States. 
(9) GREENHOUSE GAS.—The term ‘‘greenhouse 
gas’’ means— 
(A) carbon dioxide; 
(B) methane; 
(C) nitrous oxide; 
(D) hydrofluorocarbons;
(E) perfluorocarbons; or 
(F) sulfur hexafluoride. 
(10) INDIRECT EMISSIONS.—The term ‘‘indirect 
emissions’’ means greenhouse gas emissions that 
are— 
(A) a result of the activities of an entity; 
but 
(B) emitted from a facility owned or con-
trolled by another entity. 
(11) 
INVENTORY.—The 
term 
‘‘Inventory’’ 
means the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emis-
sions and Sinks, prepared in compliance with the 
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate 
Change Decision 3/CP.5. 
(12) LEAKAGE.—The term ‘‘leakage’’ means— 
(A) an increase in greenhouse gas emis-
sions by one facility or entity caused by a re-
duction in greenhouse gas emissions by another 
facility or entity; or 
(B) a decrease in sequestration that is 
caused by an increase in sequestration at an-
other location. 
(13) PERMANENCE.—The term ‘‘permanence’’ 
means the extent to which greenhouse gases that are