I 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 7740 
To establish the use of ranked choice voting in elections for Senators and 
Representatives in Congress, to require each State with more than one 
Representative to establish multi-member congressional districts, to re-
quire States to conduct congressional redistricting according to non-
partisan criteria, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 20, 2024 
Mr. BEYER (for himself, Mr. RASKIN, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Ms. LEE of Cali-
fornia, Mr. KHANNA, Mr. MCGOVERN, and Mr. PETERS) introduced the 
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and 
in addition to the Committee on House Administration, for a period to 
be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consider-
ation of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
concerned 
A BILL 
To establish the use of ranked choice voting in elections 
for Senators and Representatives in Congress, to require 
each State with more than one Representative to estab-
lish multi-member congressional districts, to require 
States to conduct congressional redistricting according 
to nonpartisan criteria, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Fair Representation Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Finding of constitutional authority. 
TITLE I—RANKED CHOICE VOTING 
Sec. 101. Requiring ranked choice voting for election of Senators and Rep-
resentatives. 
Sec. 102. Applicability of enforcement provisions of Help America Vote Act of 
2002. 
Sec. 103. Effective date. 
TITLE II—MULTI-MEMBER DISTRICTS 
Sec. 201. Requiring use of multi-member districts in certain States. 
Sec. 202. Election of representatives at large in certain States. 
Sec. 203. Establishing minimum number of candidates in general election. 
Sec. 204. Conforming amendments. 
Sec. 205. Prohibition on winner-take-all elections. 
Sec. 206. Exception for States in which use of multi-member or at large dis-
tricts will result in diminishment of voting rights. 
Sec. 207. Effective date. 
TITLE III—NONPARTISAN REDISTRICTING REFORM 
Sec. 301. Requiring congressional redistricting plans to comply with non-
partisan criteria. 
Sec. 302. Ban on mid-decade redistricting. 
Sec. 303. Criteria for redistricting. 
Sec. 304. Development of plan. 
Sec. 305. Failure by State to enact plan. 
Sec. 306. Civil enforcement. 
Sec. 307. Effective date. 
TITLE IV—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
Sec. 401. No effect on elections for State and local office. 
Sec. 402. Severability. 
SEC. 2. FINDING OF CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY. 
Congress finds that it has the authority to establish 
the terms and conditions States must follow in carrying 
out congressional redistricting after an apportionment of 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
Members of the House of Representatives and in admin-
istering elections for the Senate and House of Representa-
tives because— 
(1) the authority granted to Congress under ar-
ticle I, section 4 of the Constitution of the United 
States gives Congress the power to enact laws gov-
erning the time, place, and manner of elections for 
Senators and Members of the House of Representa-
tives; 
(2) the authority granted to Congress under 
section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Con-
stitution gives Congress the power to enact laws to 
enforce section 2 of such amendment, which requires 
Representatives to be apportioned among the several 
States according to their number; and 
(3) the authority granted to Congress under 
section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Con-
stitution gives Congress the power to enact laws to 
enforce section 1 of such amendment, including pro-
tections against excessive partisan gerrymandering 
that Federal courts have not enforced because they 
understand such enforcement to be committed to 
Congress by the Constitution. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
TITLE I—RANKED CHOICE 
VOTING 
SEC. 101. REQUIRING RANKED CHOICE VOTING FOR ELEC-
TION OF SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2001 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subtitle: 
‘‘Subtitle C—Ranked Choice Voting 
‘‘PART 1—REQUIRING RANKED CHOICE VOTING 
FOR ELECTION OF SENATORS AND REP-
RESENTATIVES 
‘‘SEC. 321. REQUIRING RANKED CHOICE VOTING FOR ELEC-
TION OF SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES. 
‘‘(a) RANKED CHOICE VOTING.—Except as provided 
in section 205 of the Fair Representation Act, each State 
shall carry out elections for the office of Senator and the 
office of Representative in Congress using ranked choice 
voting, a system under which each voter may rank the can-
didates for the office in the order of the voter’s preference, 
and ballots are tabulated, in accordance with the following: 
‘‘(1) In any single-seat election and any election 
for the office of Senator, the State shall carry out 
the election using single-seat ranked choice voting as 
described in section 322(a). 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(2) In any multi-seat election, the State shall 
carry out the election using multi-seat ranked choice 
voting as described in section 322(b). 
‘‘(b) BALLOT DESIGN.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Each State shall ensure 
that the ballot used in an ranked choice voting elec-
tion under this title meets each of the following re-
quirements: 
‘‘(A) The ballot shall allow voters to rank 
candidates in order of choice. 
‘‘(B) The number of candidates whom a 
voter may rank in the election, as determined 
under paragraph (2), shall be uniform for all 
voters in the election within the State 
‘‘(C) The ballot shall include all qualified 
candidates for the election and (to the extent 
permitted under State law) options for voters to 
select write-in candidates. 
‘‘(D) The ballot shall include such instruc-
tions as the State considers necessary to enable 
the voter to rank candidates and successfully 
cast the ballot under the system. 
‘‘(2) DETERMINATION
OF
NUMBER
OF
CAN-
DIDATES VOTER MAY RANK.—The number of can-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
didates a voter may rank in a ranked choice voting 
election shall be determined as follows: 
‘‘(A) If feasible, the ballot shall permit vot-
ers to rank a number of candidates in the elec-
tion which is not fewer than the number of 
seats in the election plus 4. 
‘‘(B) If the number of candidates in the 
election is less than the number of ranking pro-
vided under subparagraph (A), the ballot shall 
permit voters to rank a number of candidates 
which is not fewer than the number of can-
didates in the election, including write-in can-
didates. 
‘‘(C) If it is not feasible for the ballot to 
permit voters to rank as many candidates as re-
quired under subparagraphs (A) or (B), the 
State may limit the number of candidates who 
may be ranked for each election on the ballot 
to a maximum feasible number established by 
the State, except that such number may not be 
less than 5 for any election on the ballot. 
‘‘SEC. 322. TABULATION OF BALLOTS. 
‘‘(a) TABULATION
FOR
SINGLE-SEAT
CONGRES-
SIONAL ELECTIONS.— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) PROCESS FOR TABULATION.—In the case 
of a single-seat election, each ballot cast in the elec-
tion shall count as one vote for the highest-ranked 
active candidate on the ballot. Tabulation shall pro-
ceed in rounds as described in paragraphs (2) and 
(3). 
‘‘(2) ELIMINATION
OF
CANDIDATES
DURING 
TABULATION.—If there are more than two active 
candidates, the active candidate with the fewest 
votes is eliminated, each vote cast on a ballot for the 
eliminated candidate shall be counted for the next- 
ranked active candidate on the ballot, and a new 
round shall begin. 
‘‘(3) COMPLETION OF TABULATION; ELECTION 
OF CANDIDATE.—When there are two or fewer active 
candidates— 
‘‘(A) tabulation is complete; and 
‘‘(B) the candidate receiving the greatest 
number of votes shall be elected to the office of 
Senator or Representative in Congress (or, in 
the case of a primary election, shall advance to 
the general election for such office as provided 
under the law of the State involved). 
‘‘(b) TABULATION
FOR
MULTI-SEAT
CONGRES-
SIONAL ELECTIONS.—— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) PROCESS FOR TABULATION.—In the case 
of a multi-seat election, each ballot cast in the elec-
tion shall count at its current transfer value for the 
highest-ranked active candidate on the ballot. Tab-
ulation shall proceed as described in paragraphs (2), 
(3), and (4). 
‘‘(2) ELECTION OF CANDIDATES DURING TAB-
ULATION; SURPLUS-TRANSFER ROUND.—If any ac-
tive candidate has a number of votes greater than or 
equal to the election threshold, that candidate shall 
be designated as elected, and the surplus votes shall 
be transferred to other candidates as follows: 
‘‘(A) Unless paragraph (4) applies, each 
ballot counting for an elected candidate shall be 
assigned a new transfer value by multiplying 
the ballot’s current transfer value by the sur-
plus fraction for the elected candidate, trun-
cated after 4 decimal places. 
‘‘(B) Each candidate elected under this 
paragraph shall be deemed to have a number of 
votes equal to the election threshold for the con-
test in all future rounds, each ballot counting 
towards the elected candidate shall be trans-
ferred at its new transfer value to its next- 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(1) TREATMENT OF UNDERVOTES.—A ballot 
which is an undervote shall not be counted in any 
round of tabulation of ballots in an election under 
this section. For purposes of this paragraph, an 
‘undervote’ is a ballot for which the voter does not 
rank any of the candidates in the election. 
‘‘(2) TREATMENT OF INACTIVE BALLOTS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—A ballot which be-
comes an inactive ballot shall no longer count 
for any candidate for the remainder of the tab-
ulation of ballots in an election under this sec-
tion after the ballot becomes inactive. 
‘‘(B) INACTIVE
BALLOT
DEFINED.—For 
purposes of this paragraph, an ‘inactive ballot’ 
is a ballot on which— 
‘‘(i) all of the ranked candidates on 
the ballot have become inactive; or 
‘‘(ii) the voter ranks more than one 
candidate at the same ranking and all can-
didates at a higher ranking have become 
inactive. 
‘‘(3) TREATMENT OF SKIPPED OR REPEATED 
RANKINGS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—A ballot which in-
cludes any skipped or repeated ranking shall re-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
main active and continue to be counted for the 
highest-ranked active candidate in an election 
under this section. 
‘‘(B) SKIPPED AND REPEATED RANKINGS 
DEFINED.—For purposes of this paragraph— 
‘‘(i) a ‘skipped ranking’ is a ranking 
a voter does not assign to any candidate 
while assigning a subsequent ranking to a 
candidate; and 
‘‘(ii) a ‘repeated ranking’ is a ranking 
for which the voter has assigned the same 
candidate that the voter assigned to an-
other ranking. 
‘‘SEC. 323. TREATMENT OF TIES BETWEEN CANDIDATES. 
‘‘(a) RESOLUTION BY LOT.—If a tie occurs between 
candidates with the greatest number of votes or the fewest 
number of votes at any point in the tabulation of ballots 
under this part and the tabulation cannot proceed until 
the tie is resolved, the tie shall be resolved by lot or by 
such other method as may be provided under State law. 
‘‘(b) RESOLUTION PRIOR TO TABULATION.—Prior to 
tabulation, the chief election official of the State may re-
solve prospective ties between candidates by lot or accord-
ing to the method provided under State law, as described 
in subsection (a). 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(c) USE DURING RECOUNT.— The result of the res-
olution of any tie shall be recorded and reused for pur-
poses of any recount under State law. 
‘‘SEC. 324. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘In this part, the following definitions apply: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘active candidate’ means, with 
respect to any round of tabulation under this part, 
a candidate who has not been elected or eliminated, 
and who is not a withdrawn candidate. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘election threshold’ means the 
number of votes sufficient for a candidate to be 
elected in a multi-seat election. Such number is 
equal to the total votes counted for active candidates 
in the first round of tabulation, divided by the sum 
of one plus the number of seats to be filled, then in-
creased by one, disregarding any fractions. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘highest-ranked active candidate’ 
means the active candidate assigned to a higher 
ranking than any other active candidate. 
‘‘(4) The term ‘multi-seat election’ means any 
primary election in which more than one candidate 
in the primary election will advance to the general 
election, any special election for more than one seat, 
and any general election in which more than one 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
Representative is elected at large or in a multi-mem-
ber district. 
‘‘(5) The term ‘ranking’ means the number 
available to be assigned by a voter to a candidate to 
express the voter’s choice for that candidate, with ‘1’ 
as the highest ranking and each succeeding positive 
number as the next highest ranking. 
‘‘(6) The term ‘single-seat election’ means any 
primary election in which exactly one candidate in 
the primary election will advance to the general elec-
tion, any special election for exactly one seat, any 
general election for the office of Senator, and any 
general election in which only one Representative is 
elected at large. 
‘‘(7) The term ‘surplus fraction’ means, with 
respect to an elected candidate as described in sec-
tion 322(b)(1), the number obtained by subtracting 
the election threshold from the candidate’s vote 
total, then dividing that number by the candidate’s 
vote total, truncated after four decimal places. 
‘‘(8) The term ‘transfer value’ means the pro-
portion of a vote that a ballot will contribute to its 
highest-ranked active candidate. Each ballot begins 
with a transfer value of 1. If a ballot contributes to 
the election of a candidate under section 322(b)(1), 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00013
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
the transfer value shall be the new transfer value as-
signed under such section. 
‘‘(9) The term ‘vote total’ means, with respect 
to a candidate in a round of counting, the total 
transfer value of all ballots counting for the can-
didate in the round. 
‘‘(10) The term ‘withdrawn candidate’ means a 
candidate who, prior to the date of the election, files 
or has an authorized designee file a signed letter of 
withdrawal from the election, in accordance with 
such rules as the chief election official of the State 
may establish. 
‘‘PART 2—PAYMENTS TO STATES TO IMPLEMENT 
RANKED CHOICE VOTING 
‘‘SEC. 331. PAYMENTS TO STATES TO IMPLEMENT RANKED 
CHOICE VOTING. 
‘‘(a) PAYMENTS DESCRIBED.— 
‘‘(1) PAYMENTS.—Not later than June 1, 2025, 
the Commission shall make a payment to each State 
in the amount determined with respect to the State 
under paragraph (2). 
‘‘(2) AMOUNT DETERMINED ON BASIS OF NUM-
BER OF REGISTERED VOTERS.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The amount deter-
mined under this paragraph is the product of— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00014
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(i) the number of individuals reg-
istered to vote in elections for Federal of-
fice in the State, based on the most re-
cently available information on voter reg-
istration in the State, as provided to the 
Commission by the State; and 
‘‘(ii) the per capita amount estab-
lished by the Commission under subpara-
graph (B). 
‘‘(B) PER CAPITA AMOUNT.—For purposes 
of this paragraph, the Commission shall estab-
lish a separate, appropriate per capita payment 
amount for each State that may be no less than 
$4 and no more than $8, taking into account 
any reasonable demonstrated or estimated costs 
associated with the use of ranked choice voting, 
including costs related to voting equipment up-
dates; election setup licensing costs; program-
ming; ballot design and printing; training; proc-
essing, canvassing, centralization, and tabula-
tion; preliminary and final results reporting and 
displaying; post-election audits and recounts; 
and voter information, education, and engage-
ment. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00015
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
‘‘(b) USE OF FUNDS.—A State shall use the payment 
made under subsection (a) to implement ranked choice 
voting under this subtitle, including educating voters 
about ranked choice voting, and to otherwise carry out 
elections for Federal office in the State. 
‘‘(c) NO EFFECT ON REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS.— 
The receipt or use of the payment made under this section 
shall not affect a State’s eligibility for or use of a require-
ments payment made under part 1 of subtitle D of title 
II. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be 
necessary for payments under this section. 
‘‘PART 3—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
‘‘SEC. 341. TREATMENT OF STATES NOT HOLDING PRIMARY 
ELECTIONS PRIOR TO DATE OF GENERAL 
ELECTION. 
‘‘Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed to require 
a State to hold a primary election for the office of Senator 
or Representative in Congress prior to the date established 
under section 25 of the Revised Statutes of the United 
States (2 U.S.C. 7) for the regularly scheduled general 
election for such office, so long as the determination of 
the candidates who are elected to such office is based sole-
ly on the votes cast with respect to the election held on 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
such date, as determined in accordance with the system 
of ranked choice voting under this title. 
‘‘SEC. 342. APPLICATION TO DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND 
TERRITORIES. 
‘‘(a) ELECTION OF DELEGATES AND RESIDENT COM-
MISSIONER.—In this subtitle, the term ‘Representative’ in-
cludes a Delegate or Resident Commissioner to the Con-
gress. 
‘‘(b) APPLICATION
TO NORTHERN MARIANA IS-
LANDS.—This subtitle shall apply with respect to the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in the 
same manner as this subtitle applies to a State.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
of such Act is amended by adding at the end of the item 
relating to title III the following: 
‘‘Subtitle C—Ranked Choice Voting 
‘‘PART 1—REQUIRING RANKED CHOICE VOTING FOR ELECTION OF 
SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES 
‘‘Sec. 321. Requiring ranked choice voting for election of Senators and 
Representatives. 
‘‘Sec. 322. Tabulation of ballots. 
‘‘Sec. 323. Treatment of ties between candidates. 
‘‘Sec. 324. Definitions. 
‘‘PART 2—PAYMENTS TO STATES TO IMPLEMENT RANKED CHOICE VOTING 
‘‘Sec. 331. Payments to States to implement ranked choice voting. 
‘‘PART 3—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
‘‘Sec. 341. Treatment of States not holding primary elections prior to date 
of general election. 
‘‘Sec. 342. Application to District of Columbia and territories. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00017
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6211
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
SEC. 102. APPLICABILITY OF ENFORCEMENT PROVISIONS 
OF HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 2002. 
Section 401 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended by striking ‘‘sections 301, 
302, and 303’’ and inserting ‘‘title III’’. 
SEC. 103. EFFECTIVE DATE. 
This title and the amendments made by this title 
shall apply with respect to— 
(1) elections for the office of Senator which are 
held during 2026 or any succeeding year; and 
(2) elections for the office of Representative 
which are held pursuant to the reapportionment of 
Representatives resulting from the regular decennial 
census conducted during 2030 and all subsequent 
elections. 
TITLE II—MULTI-MEMBER 
DISTRICTS 
SEC. 201. REQUIRING USE OF MULTI-MEMBER DISTRICTS 
IN CERTAIN STATES. 
(a) RULES FOR STATES WITH SIX OR MORE REP-
RESENTATIVES.—Except as provided in section 202(b), if 
a State is entitled to six or more Representatives in Con-
gress under an apportionment made under section 22(a) 
of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to provide for the fifteenth 
and subsequent decennial censuses and to provide for an 
apportionment of Representatives in Congress’’, approved 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00018
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), the State shall establish 
a number of districts for the election of Representatives 
in the State that is less than the number of Representa-
tives to which the State is entitled, and Representatives 
shall be elected only from districts so established. 
(b) CRITERIA FOR NUMBER OF DISTRICTS.—In es-
tablishing the number of districts for the State under sub-
section (a), the State shall follow the following criteria: 
(1) The State shall ensure that districts shall 
each have equal population per Representative as 
nearly as practicable, in accordance with the Con-
stitution of the United States. 
(2) The number of Representatives to be elected 
from any district may not be fewer than three or 
greater than five. 
SEC. 202. ELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES AT LARGE IN 
CERTAIN STATES. 
(a) MANDATORY ELECTIONS AT LARGE.—If a State 
is entitled to five or fewer Representatives in Congress 
under an apportionment made under section 22(a) of the 
Act entitled ‘‘An Act to provide for the fifteenth and sub-
sequent decennial censuses and to provide for an appor-
tionment of Representatives in Congress’’, approved June 
18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), the State shall elect all such 
Representatives at large. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00019
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(b) OPTIONAL ELECTIONS AT LARGE.—If a State is 
entitled to six or seven Representatives in Congress under 
an apportionment made under section 22(a) of the Act 
entitled ‘‘An Act to provide for the fifteenth and subse-
quent decennial censuses and to provide for an apportion-
ment of Representatives in Congress’’, approved June 18, 
1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), the State may, at its option, elect 
all such Representatives at large. 
SEC. 203. ESTABLISHING MINIMUM NUMBER OF CAN-
DIDATES IN GENERAL ELECTION. 
(a) STATES WITH PARTISAN NOMINATING PRI-
MARIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—If, in a primary election for 
the office of Representative, the candidates that ad-
vance to the general election do so by winning the 
nomination of a political party (without regard to 
whether or not the election is open or closed to vot-
ers on the basis of political party preference), the 
State shall ensure that the number of candidates to 
be nominated by each political party is equal to the 
lesser of— 
(A) the number of Representatives who 
will be elected from the district involved; or 
(B) the number of candidates in the pri-
mary election. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00020
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS
(2) AUTHORITY OF POLITICAL PARTIES TO DE-
TERMINE NUMBER OF CANDIDATES ADVANCING IN 
MULTI-SEAT
ELECTIONS.—Notwithstanding para-
graph (1), in the case of a primary election de-
scribed in such paragraph which is a multi-seat pri-
mary election, a State may permit a political party 
to adopt a rule that provides for such number of 
nominees of that political party to advance to the 
general election as the party considers appropriate. 
(3) 
MULTI-SEAT
PRIMARY
ELECTION
DE-
FINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘multi-seat 
primary election’’ means a primary election held to 
select the candidates for a general election in which 
more than one Representative shall be elected. 
(b) STATES WITH NONPARTISAN BLANKET PRI-
MARIES.— 
(1) NUMBER OF CANDIDATES.—If a State uses 
a nonpartisan blanket primary election to determine 
which candidates will advance to the general election 
for the office of Representative, the State shall en-
sure that the number of candidates who advance to 
the general election for the office is not less than the 
greater of— 
(A) five; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
02:02 Apr 05, 2024
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H7740.IH
H7740
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS