‘‘(E) the manner in which an applicant 
shall notify the Commission of a request to sub-
mit a modification under subsection (g)(5). 
‘‘(2) CONFLICT WITH INTERAGENCY STANDARD 
PRACTICES.—In the rules issued pursuant to para-
graph (1)(A), or any successor rule, the Commission 
may not establish performance objectives that con-
flict with any standard practice established in the 
Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices adopt-
ed by the United States Government. 
‘‘(b) APPLICATION FOR LICENSE.— 
‘‘(1) NGSO DETERMINATION REQUIRED.—Not-
withstanding sections 4(i), 303(r), and 303(y) and 
the authority of the Commission to require such 
other information under section 308(b) and consider 
such other matters under section 309(a), and except 
as provided in paragraph (5), not later than 1 year 
after the date on which a written application is sub-
mitted to the Commission, the Commission shall 
make a determination whether to grant such appli-
cation for a license for— 
‘‘(A) a nongeostationary orbit space station 
or space-station constellation and an earth sta-
tion or earth stations; 
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‘‘(B) a nongeostationary orbit space sta-
tion and the blanket-licensed earth stations that 
will operate with the nongeostationary orbit 
space station; or 
‘‘(C) a nongeostationary orbit space-station 
constellation and the blanket-licensed earth sta-
tions that will operate with the nongeo-
stationary orbit space-station constellation. 
‘‘(2) GSO DETERMINATION
REQUIRED.—Not 
later than 1 year after the date on which a written 
application is submitted to the Commission and ex-
cept as provided in paragraph (5), the Commission 
shall make a determination whether to grant such 
application for a license for a geostationary orbit 
space station or space-station constellation and earth 
stations. 
‘‘(3) CONTENTS OF APPLICATION.—In addition 
to the application requirements described in section 
308(b), an application submitted under paragraph 
(1) or (2) shall include the following: 
‘‘(A) Performance metrics with respect to 
the frequencies and transmission power to be 
used. 
‘‘(B) A description of compliance by the 
applicant with the performance objectives and 
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actions established under subparagraph (A) of 
subsection (a)(1) and, in the case of an applica-
tion submitted under paragraph (1) of this sub-
section, subparagraphs (C) and (D) of sub-
section (a)(1). 
‘‘(4) TERM OF INITIAL LICENSE.—The Com-
mission shall grant a license for a term not to exceed 
15 years for any application granted under this sub-
section. 
‘‘(5) EXCEPTIONS.—The deadline for the deter-
mination required in paragraphs (1) and (2) may be 
extended by the Commission for an application sub-
ject to review under section 310(d). 
‘‘(6) TIMELY
GRANT
OF
CERTAIN
APPLICA-
TIONS.— 
‘‘(A) 
GRANT
OF
APPLICATION
RE-
QUIRED.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
on which the Commission receives a written ap-
plication for a license described in paragraph 
(1) that the Commission determines meets the 
additional criteria described in subparagraph 
(B), the Commission shall grant such applica-
tion. 
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‘‘(B) CRITERIA
DESCRIBED.—The addi-
tional criteria described in this subparagraph 
are as follows: 
‘‘(i) A limit on the number of space 
stations a constellation contains, as deter-
mined by the Commission. 
‘‘(ii) A limit on the total in-orbit life-
time for any individual space station, as 
determined by the Commission. 
‘‘(iii) For each space station, the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(I) A limit on the orbital alti-
tude at which the space station may 
operate, as determined by the Com-
mission. 
‘‘(II) A requirement that the 
space station has a maneuverability 
capability and the ability to make col-
lision avoidance and deorbit maneu-
vers, as determined by the Commis-
sion. 
‘‘(III) A requirement that each 
space station is identifiable by a 
unique signal-based telemetry marker 
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that meets requirements issued by the 
Commission. 
‘‘(IV) A requirement that the 
space station releases no operational 
debris. 
‘‘(V) A requirement that the 
space station can be commanded by 
command originating from the ground 
to immediately cease transmissions 
and the applicant has the capability to 
eliminate harmful interference when 
required by the Commission. 
‘‘(iv) A requirement that the operator 
has assessed and limited the probability of 
an accidental explosion, including an explo-
sion that results from the conversion of en-
ergy sources on board any space station 
into energy that fragments the space sta-
tion. 
‘‘(v) A limit on the probability of a 
collision between each space station and 
any other large object, as determined by 
the Commission. 
‘‘(vi) A requirement that each space 
station is disposed of post-mission through 
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atmospheric re-entry and the probability of 
human casualty from such re-entry meets 
requirements issued by the Commission. 
‘‘(C) IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later than 
60 days after the date of the enactment of this 
subparagraph, the Commission shall— 
‘‘(i) issue rules to implement this 
paragraph; or 
‘‘(ii) make the finding described in 
subparagraph (D). 
‘‘(D) FINDING DESCRIBED.—If the Com-
mission finds that the rules of the Commission, 
as of the date of the enactment of this para-
graph, satisfy the requirements in this para-
graph, the Commission shall issue a public no-
tice stating such finding. 
‘‘(c) APPLICATION
FOR GRANT
OF MARKET AC-
CESS.— 
‘‘(1) DETERMINATION
REQUIRED.—Notwith-
standing sections 4(i), 303(r), and 303(y) and the 
authority of the Commission to require such other 
information under section 308(b) and consider such 
other matters under section 309(a), the Commission 
shall make a determination whether to grant a writ-
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on which the Commission receives a written notice of 
the failure by the applicant. 
‘‘(3) EXCEPTION.—The deadline for the deter-
mination required in paragraph (1) may be extended 
by the Commission for an application subject to re-
view under section 310(d). 
‘‘(e) DETERMINATION OF PUBLIC INTEREST, CON-
VENIENCE, AND NECESSITY.—Before making a deter-
mination to grant an application, renewal, or modification 
under subsection (b), (c), (d), (f), or (g) (as the case may 
be), the Commission shall determine if the license, grant, 
or authorization (as the case may be) serves the public 
interest, convenience, and necessity, including— 
‘‘(1) in the case of a license or grant to which 
subsection (h)(4) applies, the license or grant does 
not exceed the quantifiable level of protection estab-
lished in subsection (h)(4); and 
‘‘(2) in the case of a license or grant that is re-
quired to protect radio astronomy observatories by 
the International Telecommunication Union, the ap-
plication, renewal, or modification demonstrates that 
such protection will be provided. 
‘‘(f) RENEWAL OF LICENSE, GRANT OF MARKET AC-
CESS, OR AUTHORIZATION.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sec-
tion 309(k)(2), the Commission shall grant a re-
newal for a license issued under subsection (b), a 
grant of market access under subsection (c), or an 
authorization granted under subsection (d), upon re-
quest by an applicant for a term not to exceed the 
length of the initial term beginning the day after the 
date on which the previous license, grant of market 
access, or authorization expires, if the Commission 
determines the requirements under subsection (e) 
and section 309(k) have been met. 
‘‘(2) DEADLINE
FOR
DETERMINATION.—Not 
later than 180 days after the date on which the 
Commission receives a request for renewal of a li-
cense issued under subsection (b), a grant of market 
access under subsection (c), or an authorization 
granted under subsection (d), the Commission 
shall— 
‘‘(A) grant or deny such renewal; or 
‘‘(B) make the determination described in 
section 309(k)(3). 
‘‘(g) MODIFICATION OF LICENSE; GRANT OF MAR-
KET ACCESS.— 
‘‘(1) MAJOR MODIFICATIONS.—Except as pro-
vided in paragraphs (2), (3), (5), and (6), and not 
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later than 1 year after the date on which the Com-
mission receives a request to modify an application 
granted under subsection (b)(1), the Commission 
shall grant the request if the Commission determines 
the modification meets the requirement of subsection 
(e). The Commission may grant a request to modify 
an application submitted under subsection (b)(2) or 
subsection (c) if the Commission determines the 
modification meets the requirement of subsection 
(e). 
‘‘(2) EXPEDITED
TREATMENT
FOR
MINOR 
MODIFICATIONS.—Except as provided in paragraphs 
(3), (5), and (6), the Commission shall grant a re-
quest made by an applicant to modify an application 
granted under subsection (b)(1) not later than 90 
days after the date on which the Commission re-
ceives the request to modify if— 
‘‘(A) the request does not exceed the quan-
tifiable level of protection described in sub-
section (h)(4); and 
‘‘(B) the request is limited only to modi-
fications, or a class of modifications, that— 
‘‘(i) increase transmission capacity; 
‘‘(ii) improve spectral efficiency, such 
as by improving compression technologies; 
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‘‘(iii) improve the orbital variance effi-
ciency of the constellation; or 
‘‘(iv) otherwise do not substantially 
modify the constellation. 
‘‘(3) EMERGENCY MODIFICATION.—If the Com-
mission finds that there are extraordinary cir-
cumstances requiring temporary operations in the 
public interest and that delay in the institution of 
such temporary operations would seriously prejudice 
the public interest, the Commission— 
‘‘(A) may grant a license described in sub-
section (b), a grant of market access described 
in subsection (c), or an authorization described 
in subsection (d), a modification of such license, 
grant of market access, or authorization, or re-
newal of such license, grant of market access, 
or authorization for 180 days in a manner and 
upon the terms the Commission shall by rule 
prescribe in the case of an emergency found by 
the Commission involving— 
‘‘(i) danger to life or property; or 
‘‘(ii) an action that is necessary for 
the national defense or security of the 
United States; 
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‘‘(B) shall include with a grant made 
under this paragraph a statement of the rea-
sons of the Commission for making such grant; 
‘‘(C) may extend a grant made under this 
paragraph for periods not to exceed 180 days; 
and 
‘‘(D) shall give expeditious treatment to 
any timely filed petition to deny such applica-
tion and to any petition for rehearing of such 
grant filed under section 405. 
‘‘(4) EXCLUSION.—Paragraph (2) shall not 
apply to a request to modify a license for— 
‘‘(A) the addition of an ancillary terrestrial 
component; or 
‘‘(B) modifying the service offered under 
the initial license granted under subsection (b) 
between fixed and mobile service. 
‘‘(5) AUTOMATIC
GRANT
OF
CERTAIN
MODI-
FICATIONS.—Upon notification to the Commission, 
the Commission may automatically grant a request 
to modify an application granted under subsection 
(b), (c), or (d) or a covered authorization, to replace 
one space station (or component of such space sta-
tion) with a technically similar space station (or 
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component of such space station) previously ap-
proved by the Commission. 
‘‘(6) EXCEPTIONS.—The deadlines under para-
graphs (1) and (2) may be extended by the Commis-
sion for a request subject to review under section 
310(d). 
‘‘(h) SHARED SPECTRUM; PROTECTION FROM HARM-
FUL INTERFERENCE.— 
‘‘(1) GRANDFATHERED TREATMENT AND SUN-
SET OF CERTAIN AUTHORIZATIONS.—For the dura-
tion of the covered period— 
‘‘(A) a covered authorization shall not be 
treated as being granted under subsection 
(b)(1) or subsection (c)(1) (as the case may be); 
and 
‘‘(B) the Commission shall protect an enti-
ty with a covered authorization from harmful 
interference consistent with the terms of such 
protection afforded before the date of the enact-
ment of this section. 
‘‘(2) TRANSITIONAL RULE.—After the expira-
tion of the covered period, an entity with a covered 
authorization may seek renewal for a license or 
grant of market access under subsection (f). 
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censee or grantee authorized in the spectrum band 
in which another license was granted under sub-
section (b)(1), another grantee was granted under 
subsection (c)(1), or another entity was granted au-
thorization to use spectrum in such band. 
‘‘(5) CONSIDERATION REQUIRED.—When estab-
lishing the quantifiable level of protection described 
in paragraph (4), the Commission shall ensure the 
benefit to improved coordination among licensees 
and grantees outweighs any costs associated with the 
implementation of such protection. 
‘‘(6) RELATION TO ITU RADIO REGULATIONS.— 
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to re-
quire the Commission to adopt rules regarding the 
use of spectrum that contravene a requirement by 
the radio regulations of the International Tele-
communication Union. 
‘‘(7) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—An entity with 
a covered authorization shall not be required to sub-
mit additional information in order to retain such 
authorization, nor shall paragraph (1) affect any ob-
ligation of such entity under applicable law or regu-
lation until the end of the covered period. 
‘‘(i) STATE
PREEMPTION
OF
MARKET
ENTRY; 
RATES.—Notwithstanding any provision of law, no State 
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or local government shall have any authority to regulate 
the entry of or the rates charged by an applicant or li-
censee related to a license granted under subsection (b), 
an applicant or grantee related to a grant of market access 
granted under subsection (c), or an applicant or entity re-
lated to an authorization under subsection (d), except that 
this subsection shall not prohibit a State from regulating 
the other terms and conditions of such licensee, grantee, 
or entity. 
‘‘(j) REGULATORY RESTRAINT.— 
‘‘(1) 
LIMITATION
OF
INFORMATION
PRO-
VIDED.—In addition to the requirements described 
in section 307(c)(2), in performing any act, making 
any rule or regulation, or issuing any order nec-
essary to carry out this section, the Commission— 
‘‘(A) shall limit the information required to 
be furnished to the Commission; 
‘‘(B) shall demonstrate the Commission 
has taken every reasonable step to limit the in-
formation required to be furnished to the Com-
mission; and 
‘‘(C) may not request additional informa-
tion regarding the performance objectives estab-
lished in subsection (a)(1)(A) for any case in 
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which an applicant has demonstrated compli-
ance with such performance objectives. 
‘‘(2) DEADLINE
FOR
PETITION
DETERMINA-
TION.—If an applicant for a license or a licensee 
under subsection (b) files a petition under part 1, 
title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (or any suc-
cessor regulation) relating to information required to 
be furnished to the Commission under this section, 
the Commission shall grant or deny the petition 
within 90 days after the date on which the petition 
is filed. 
‘‘(k) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) COVERED APPLICATION.— The term ‘cov-
ered application’ means an application for a license 
or grant of market access to operate a system de-
scribed in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of sub-
section (b)(1) or subparagraphs (A) through (C) of 
subsection (c)(1) in a processing round established 
before December 31, 2022, that is pending on the 
date of the enactment of this section. 
‘‘(2) COVERED
AUTHORIZATION.—The term 
‘covered authorization’ means— 
‘‘(A) a license or grant of market access 
granted by the Commission to operate a system 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of 
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subsection (b)(1) or subparagraphs (A) through 
(C) of subsection (c)(1) in a processing round 
established before December 31, 2022, that has 
deployed a level of service commensurate with 
the terms of the license or grant of market ac-
cess; or 
‘‘(B) a license or grant of market access 
granted by Commission approval of a covered 
application. 
‘‘(3) COVERED PERIOD.—The term ‘covered pe-
riod’ means, with respect to a covered authorization, 
the period of time that begins on the date of the en-
actment of this section and ends on the earliest of— 
‘‘(A) the date on which the covered author-
ization expires; 
‘‘(B) the date that is 15 years after such 
date of enactment; or 
‘‘(C) the date on which the Commission 
grants a request to modify the covered author-
ization that would be a major modification 
under subsection (g) if the covered authoriza-
tion were a license granted under subsection 
(b)(1) or a grant of market access granted 
under subsection (c)(1). 
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‘‘(4) ORBITAL
VARIANCE
EFFICIENCY.—The 
term ‘orbital variance efficiency’ means the mean of 
the distance between the actual altitude of each 
space station and the authorized altitude for each 
space station authorized under subsection (b)(1).’’. 
(b) RELATION TO OTHER LAW AMENDMENTS.—The 
Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) is 
amended— 
(1) in section 309(j)(2)— 
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by inserting ‘‘, grants of market access, 
authorizations,’’ after ‘‘licenses’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘; 
or’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (D); and 
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (B) 
the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(C) for licenses, grants of market access, 
or authorizations granted under section 345; 
or’’; 
(2) in section 309(k)— 
(A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘BROAD-
CAST STATION RENEWAL PROCEDURES’’ and 
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inserting ‘‘RENEWAL PROCEDURES FOR CER-
TAIN AUTHORIZATIONS’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘, the licensee of 
a 
license 
granted 
under 
section 
345(b), the grantee of a grant of mar-
ket access granted under section 
345(c), or an entity with authoriza-
tion granted under section 345(d),’’ 
after ‘‘broadcast station’’; 
(II) by inserting ‘‘, grant, or au-
thorization’’ after ‘‘such license’’; 
(III) by striking ‘‘that station’’ 
and inserting ‘‘that licensee, grantee, 
or entity’’; and 
(IV) by inserting ‘‘, grant of 
market access, or authorization’’ after 
‘‘its license’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘the station’’ and inserting ‘‘in the case of 
a broadcast station, the station’’; 
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(iii) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(B) and (C) as subparagraphs (C) and 
(D), respectively; 
(iv) by inserting after subparagraph 
(A) the following: 
‘‘(B) in the case of a licensee of a license 
granted under section 345(b), a grantee of a 
grant of market access granted under section 
345(c), or an entity with authorization granted 
under section 345(d), the licensee, grantee, or 
entity has served the public interest, conven-
ience, and necessity in accordance with section 
345(e);’’; 
(v) in subparagraph (C), as so redes-
ignated, by inserting ‘‘, grantee, or entity’’ 
after ‘‘licensee’’; and 
(vi) in subparagraph (D), as so redes-
ignated, by inserting ‘‘, grantee, or entity’’ 
after ‘‘licensee’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, or the 
licensee of a license granted under section 
345(b), the grantee of a grant of market access 
under section 345(c), or an entity with author-
ization granted under section 345(d),’’ after 
‘‘broadcast station’’; and 
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(D) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by striking ‘‘that a licensee’’ 
and inserting ‘‘that a broadcast station, a 
licensee of a license granted under section 
345(b), a grantee of market access granted 
under section 345(c), or an entity with au-
thorization granted under section 345(d)’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘or 345’’ after ‘‘section 308’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘or under section 345 specifying the infor-
mation required by the Commission under 
section 345(b)(3), section 345(c)(2), or 
section 345(d)(1) (as the case may be) of 
the former licensee, grantee, or entity’’ 
after ‘‘former licensee’’; and 
(3) in section 310(b), by inserting ‘‘or license, 
grant of market access, or authorization granted 
under subsection (b), (c), or (d) of section 345’’ 
after ‘‘radio station license’’. 
(c) 
APPLICABILITY.—The 
requirements 
in 
the 
amendments made by this section apply with respect to 
any application submitted under subsection (b), (c), or (d) 
of section 345 of the Communications Act of 1934 and 
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any request for renewal or modification under such sec-
tion, as added by subsection (a), on or after the date of 
the enactment of this Act. 
Æ 
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