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organization or entity listed in clause (ii); 
and 
(iv) any successor of any business en-
terprise or other organization or entity list-
ed in clause (ii) or (iii). 
(B) In the case of countries where it may 
be impossible to identify a specific governmental 
entity referred to in subparagraph (A), the 
term ‘‘person’’ means—
(i) all activities of that government re-
lating to the development or production of 
any missile equipment or technology; and 
(ii) all activities of that government 
affecting the development or production of 
aircraft, electronics, and space systems or 
equipment. 
(C) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term 
‘‘United States person’’ has the meaning given 
that term in section 16(2) of the Export Ad-
ministration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 
2415(2)). 
(D) 
MISSILE
EQUIPMENT
OR
TECH-
NOLOGY.—The term ‘‘missile equipment or 
technology’’ has the meaning given that term in
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section 11B(c) of the Export Administration 
Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2410b(c)). 
(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
subsections (a) and (b) shall apply with respect to sanc-
tions imposed on or after January 1, 2003, on foreign per-
sons under section 73(a)(2) of the Arms Export Control 
Act, and the provisions of subsection (c) shall apply with 
respect to sanctions imposed on or after January 1, 2003, 
on foreign persons under section 11B(b) of the Export Ad-
ministration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2410b(b)), as 
continued in effect under the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act.
Subtitle C—Incentives for Missile 
Threat Reduction 
SEC. 1431. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE. 
(a) TYPES OF ASSISTANCE.—The President is au-
thorized to provide, on such terms as the President deems 
appropriate, the following assistance to countries that 
agree to destroy their ballistic missiles, and their facilities 
for producing ballistic missiles, that have a payload capac-
ity of 500 kilograms or more over a distance of 300 kilo-
meters or more: 
(1) Assistance under section 23 of the Arms 
Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763).
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(2) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et 
seq.), notwithstanding section 531(e) or 660(a) of 
that Act (22 U.S.C. 2346(e) or 2420(a)). 
(3) Drawdown of defense articles, defense serv-
ices, and military education and training under sec-
tion 506 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2318). 
(b) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Assistance au-
thorized under subsection (a) may not be provided until 
30 days after the date on which the President has pro-
vided notice thereof to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees in accordance with the procedures applicable to 
reprogramming notifications under section 634A(a) of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394–1(a)). 
(c) LIMITATION.—Any assistance provided to a coun-
try under subsection (a) may not be provided in more than 
3 fiscal years. 
SEC. 1432. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—There is authorized to be ap-
propriated to the President to carry out section 1431 the 
sum of $250,000,000. 
(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts appropriated pursuant 
to the authorization of appropriations under subsection (a) 
are authorized to remain available until expended.
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SEC. 1433. AUTHORIZATION OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN 
MISSILE DISARMAMENT. 
The President is authorized to provide technical as-
sistance in the destruction of any missile or facility for 
producing ballistic missiles, in any country that requests 
such assistance.
TITLE XV—PROMOTION OF DE-
MOCRACY, 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS, 
AND 
RULE 
OF 
LAW 
IN 
BELARUS
SEC. 1501. ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY AND 
CIVIL SOCIETY IN BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSES
OF
ASSISTANCE.—The assistance 
under this section shall be available for the following pur-
poses: 
(1) To assist the people of the Republic of 
Belarus in regaining their freedom and to enable 
them to join the European community of democ-
racies. 
(2) To encourage free and fair presidential, 
parliamentary, and local elections in Belarus, con-
ducted in a manner consistent with internationally 
accepted standards and under the supervision of 
internationally recognized observers. 
(3) To assist in restoring and strengthening in-
stitutions of democratic governance in Belarus.
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(b) AUTHORIZATION FOR ASSISTANCE.—To carry out 
the purposes of subsection (a), the President is authorized 
to furnish assistance and other support for the activities 
described in subsection (c), to be provided primarily for 
indigenous Belarusian groups that are committed to the 
support of democratic processes. 
(c) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Activities that may be 
supported by assistance under subsection (b) include—
(1) the observation of elections and the pro-
motion of free and fair electoral processes; 
(2) development of democratic political parties; 
(3) radio and television broadcasting to and 
within Belarus; 
(4) the development of nongovernmental organi-
zations promoting democracy and supporting human 
rights; 
(5) the development of independent media 
working within Belarus and from locations outside 
the country and supported by nonstate-controlled 
printing facilities; 
(6) international exchanges and advanced pro-
fessional training programs for leaders and members 
of the democratic forces in skill areas central to the 
development of civil society; and
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(7) other activities consistent with the purposes 
of this title. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the President to carry out this sec-
tion such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 
2004 and 2005. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro-
priated pursuant to the authorization of appropria-
tions under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain 
available until expended.
SEC. 1502. RADIO BROADCASTING TO BELARUS.
(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 
authorize increased support for United States Government 
and surrogate radio broadcasting to the Republic of 
Belarus that will facilitate the unhindered dissemination 
of information. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addi-
tion to such sums as are otherwise authorized to be appro-
priated, there is authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as may be necessary for each fiscal year for Voice of Amer-
ica and RFE/RL, Incorporated for radio broadcasting to 
the people of Belarus in languages spoken in Belarus.