IV 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 146 
Expressing strong support for the people of Moldova and for the Moldovan 
Government in their demonstrated commitment to advancing democracy, 
strengthening civil society, and European integration in the face of Rus-
sia’s illegal and full-scale invasion of Ukraine. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 21, 2023 
Mr. KEATING (for himself, Mr. LAWLER, and Ms. ROSS) submitted the 
following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing strong support for the people of Moldova and 
for the Moldovan Government in their demonstrated com-
mitment to advancing democracy, strengthening civil so-
ciety, and European integration in the face of Russia’s 
illegal and full-scale invasion of Ukraine. 
Whereas, over 30 years ago, the Republic of Moldova 
achieved independence and has since demonstrated a 
strong commitment to advancing democracy, strength-
ening civil society, furthering accession to the European 
Union, and deepening cooperation with the North Atlan-
tic Treaty Organization through the Partnership for 
Peace Program; 
Whereas the United States has encouraged and continues to 
support the Republic of Moldova’s independence, sov-
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•HRES 146 IH 
ereignty, territorial integrity, and movement toward de-
mocracy; 
Whereas the United States Agency for International Develop-
ment and United States Government assistance programs 
have supported the Republic of Moldova’s democratic as-
pirations and economic growth since 1992; 
Whereas a joint observation mission from the Organization 
for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Office 
of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), 
OSCE Parliamentary Assembly (OSCE PA), Parliamen-
tary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE), and 
European Parliament (EP) determined the Moldovan 
parliamentary elections held on July 11, 2021, were 
‘‘competitive and well run’’ and offered suggestions for 
further improvements; 
Whereas the Party of Action and Solidarity, led by Maia 
Sandu, has pledged and begun to implement an 
anticorruption campaign that includes reforms to the ju-
dicial system, campaign finance, justice, and recovery of 
assets misappropriated by Moldovan officials, and the 
simplification of the regulatory framework for business; 
Whereas, on June 23, 2022, the Republic of Moldova received 
European Union (EU) candidate status, together with 
Ukraine, and has since worked toward enacting the nec-
essary structural reforms; 
Whereas United States National Security Strategy adopted in 
October 2022 declares support for the European aspira-
tions of Moldova and its commitment to important insti-
tutional reforms; 
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•HRES 146 IH 
Whereas the United States supports the promotion of local 
governance, rule of law, and combating disinformation in 
Moldova; 
Whereas Russia’s brutal, illegal, and full-scale invasion of 
Ukraine has directly threatened the sovereignty and terri-
torial integrity of Moldova by destabilizing energy secu-
rity and the economy in the country; 
Whereas more than 8,000,000 refugees have fled Ukraine 
and, as of February 2023, Moldova has processed over 
760,000 cross-border movements from Ukraine as a re-
sult of Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukraine with more 
than 100,000 registering as refugees in Moldova; 
Whereas Moldovans have valiantly opened their homes and 
provided resources to Ukrainian refugees who have fled 
as a result of Russia’s illegal invasion; 
Whereas the Russian Government is engaged in a coordinated 
disinformation campaign to destabilize the current gov-
ernment and support pro-Russian candidates, political 
parties, and other pro-Russian elements; 
Whereas access to energy resources is vital for the success of 
the Moldovan economy and for the prosperity of the 
Moldovan people; 
Whereas Russia has weaponized their energy resources with 
regards to Moldova repeatedly cutting natural gas sup-
plies in order to create an energy crisis in the country; 
Whereas Russian military forces and equipment have re-
mained in the Transnistrian region of Moldova since 
Moldova declared independence in 1991; 
Whereas Russian military forces in the Transnistrian region 
of Moldova represent a direct threat to Moldova’s sov-
ereignty and territorial integrity; 
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•HRES 146 IH 
Whereas it is the longstanding policy of the United States to 
not recognize territorial changes that are the result of il-
legal uses of force; 
Whereas the United States condemns the illegal presence of 
Russian military forces in the Transnistrian region of 
Moldova; 
Whereas, in February 2023, reports indicate a Russian mis-
sile fired at Ukraine crossed over Moldovan sovereign ter-
ritory, which Moldovan Foreign Minister Nicu Popescu 
called ‘‘the unacceptable violation of our airspace’’; 
Whereas Moldovan Foreign Ministry spokesman called on 
Russia ‘‘to stop the military aggression against [Ukraine] 
which is causing numerous loss of human lives and mate-
rial destruction’’; 
Whereas Russia continues to threaten Moldova’s sovereignty 
and territorial integrity through its naval presence in the 
Black Sea and Russian-occupied Crimea, and through re-
peated firing of rockets over sovereign Moldovan airspace 
as well as continued occupation of the Transnistrian re-
gion of Moldova; 
Whereas Russia’s military activities in the region pose a di-
rect threat to Moldova’s sovereignty and territorial integ-
rity as well as to neighboring North Atlantic Treaty Or-
ganization (NATO) members Romania, Hungary, Slo-
vakia, and Poland; 
Whereas the United States has contributed upward of 
$320,000,000 in emergency support to Moldova since 
February 24, 2022, and the European Union has re-
cently pledged 250,000,000 Euros to help Moldova over-
come the economic, energy, security, and humanitarian 
impacts of the Kremlin’s war of aggression in Ukraine; 
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•HRES 146 IH 
Whereas most recently Moldovan democracy is actively 
threatened by Russian malign influence, including the re-
cent uncovering of a plot by Russian malign forces to use 
agents provocateurs to attack government buildings 
under the guise of public protests in an effort to desta-
bilize Moldova; 
Whereas Moldovan President Maia Sandu said Russia’s goal 
was to change ‘‘the legitimate power from Chisinau to an 
illegitimate one’’; 
Whereas antigovernment demonstrations last year were orga-
nized by the pro-Russian Shor Party which President 
Sandu characterized as ‘‘attempts to undermine the 
State’’; 
Whereas, in October 2022, the United States enacted eco-
nomic sanctions on malign, Russian-backed actors in 
Moldova including Ilan Shor, Vladimir Plahotniuc, and 7 
other individuals, as well as 12 entities who are ‘‘widely 
recognized for capturing and corrupting Moldova’s polit-
ical and economic institutions and those acting as instru-
ments of Russia’s global influence campaign’’; and 
Whereas in the face of Russia’s illegal war in Ukraine, pro-
motion of liberal, democratic values is vital for the pres-
ervation, facilitation, and success of democracy in 
Moldova: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) reaffirms the United States commitment to 
the Republic of Moldova in the face of Russian ma-
lign influence and military aggression; 
(2) lauds the strengthening of civil society, de-
mocracy, and democratic institutions in Moldova and 
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•HRES 146 IH 
encourages the people of Moldova and elected rep-
resentatives to continue to enhance their democracy, 
strengthen the rule of law, and fight corruption; 
(3) welcomes the strong mandate given to 
proreform forces by the Moldovan people during the 
July 2021 Parliamentary elections and the Novem-
ber 2020 Presidential election; 
(4) expresses strong support for Moldova’s goal 
of integration with the Western, democratic commu-
nity; 
(5) supports the Moldovan people’s aspirations 
for membership in the European Union and devel-
oping stronger connections to the United States 
transatlantic partners; 
(6) urges the European Union to continue to 
promote Moldova’s accession processes to the Euro-
pean Union to ensure Moldova’s economic and na-
tional security; 
(7) supports the Moldovan people and Govern-
ment in their desire to rid the country of corruption 
and oligarchic control; 
(8) calls on the Biden administration to work 
with our transatlantic allies and review further ac-
tions against any individuals or groups working to 
undermine democracy in Moldova; 
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•HRES 146 IH 
(9) condemns in the strongest possible terms 
Russian malign activities in Moldova; 
(10) supports initiatives and productive co-
operation within the four working groups under the 
United States-Moldova Strategic Dialogue as a mean 
to enhance ties between the two countries; 
(11) finds that it is in the interest of the 
United States and its allies to support democratic 
governance, energy security, and economic growth in 
Moldova for the advancement of European and glob-
al security and prosperity; 
(12) urges elected officials and policymakers in 
Moldova to build upon the practices of free and fair 
elections to further bolster legitimate and equitable 
election processes in the nation; 
(13) calls for all personnel and equipment be-
longing to Russian security or Armed Forces to be 
withdrawn from the sovereign territory of Moldova; 
and 
(14) continues to support an Organization for 
Security and Co-operation in Europe-led negotiation 
process a special status for the Transnistrian region 
within a territorially whole and sovereign Moldova 
within the internationally recognized borders. 
Æ 
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