APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD is Shenker-Callanan, and before that Bev Brown, Gully Owen, and Boh Han- negan, and in Kansas City it is Jim Pandergast going good at last, since his predecessor Binaggio was murdered in his Democratic ward headquarters, and before him Tom Pendergast. Nor is it Missouri alone—it is Kelly-Nash or Jake Arvey in Chicago, Crump in Memphis, and it was Hague in Jersey, Tammany in New York, Curley in Boston, and on on, Are these political machines inter- ested in the civil rights of the citizens of this country? The basic civil right is the right to vote and have that vote counted fairly and equally with the votes of other citizens. These northern Democrats from these big cities, with these gangster ridden machines, reek of stolen votes. Votes is their god and they will appar- ently do anything to get them, including wreok the country. The leader of the Democratic Party coming from the Pen- dergast machine of Kansas City has not just once, but several times, expressed in action his views toward this basic civil right. He did so again the other day when he pardoned the boy wonder of Kentucky, Pritchard, who had been fair- ly and truly found guilty of the most reprehensible crime that can be com- mitted in a republic, or a democracy— stealing votes. No; this little by-play of the 21-day rule is a political stunt to make it appear to the public that the southern Demo- crats and the Republicans are in com- plete alliance, on all issues, not just on the issues of local self-government and economy, and battling socialism, on which I personally hope we are allied, but on the issue of civil rights upon which we are not allied. And, so long as I and other Republicans believe in the principles of Abraham Lincoln we will never, never be allied. Safety Conditions for Natural Gas Companies EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. JOHN W. HESELTON OF MASSACHUSETTS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, January 3, 1951 Mr, HESELTON. Mr, Speaker, under Yeave to extend my remarks in the Rzc- orp, I wish to insert a letter J have re- ceived from the president of the North- conern Gas Transmission Co. and my reply. Por the information of my colleagues I also wish to state that I have again fed * the bill to authorize the Federal The correspondence follows: Noaruxasrtan Gas Tuarrsuissron Co., Springfleld, Mass., December 29, ‘1950. The Honorable Jom W. Hesatron, House Office aint sz Concaxseman ber 21, 1950, the Springfield, Mass., papers XCVII~App.——-3 carried an account of your introduction of a in Congress designed to prescribe safety rogulotions governing the operation of nat- ural-gas pipelines. As you know, Northeastern Gas Transmis- ston Co, Is now actively engaged in construct- ing facilities which will bring natural gas to parts of the States of Massachusetts, Con- necticut, and New Hampehire. It has also filed with the Federal Power Commission an application for authority to extend its au- thorized facilities so as to enable it to make natural gas available to the remainder of the New Engiand area. In view of the sentiments expressed by you at the time of introduotion of the afore-men- tioned bill, I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to explain briefly the safety pre- cautions which are and will be taken by us in connection with the construction of our pipeline, We do not, in any phase of our operation, lose sigh*,af the fact that a major considera- tion must always be the safety of those who live or work near any of our lines, or who have occasion to pass over their locations. All of our lines will be constructed of weld- ed steel pipe. From the time such pipe is first roHed in the mills it is subjected to a series of rigorous and exacting engineering tests by the mill to determine its ability to meet pre- acribed specifications and to withstand the pressures which it will carry. Pipe is not shipped from the mills until] we receive an inspection report by an independent engi- neering firm employed by us. Trained engi- neers supervise its installation and testing. Experienced personnel plan its route so that its proximity to dwellings and other builda- ings will be reduced to the fullest possible extent. In areas where it is impossible to route the line at great distances from dwell-~ ings thicker pipe than tests show are neces- sary to meet all safety standards is installed as an added precaution. At highway and other public crossings we install two pipes, one within the other, Once in operation, the line is continuously supervised by a staff trained in pipeline operation. During the last war, a number of oil pipelines were hurriedly constructed under conditions of emergency. Some of these lines were converted to gas pipelines after the war, and a majority of the accidents in the industry may be traced to them. For obvious reasons, no accurate paralle] may be drawn between such lines and those which are initially designed and constructed for the transportation of gas. I should also like to call your attention to the fact that the pipeline accidents which have lately been so widely publicized are usually those which occurred during con- struction or testing and before the line was actually in use. While a certain amount of Canger may exist during these testing periods, in order that the purpose of the test may be accomplished, it is possible to take every precaution for the safety of those concerned. As a matter of fact, we cannot conceive of any safety precaution which is not now being taken by us. I shall be pleased to answer any questions you may have concern- ing any of these precautions or any other phase of our operations. Mr. W. CO. Noaman, Daaz Mx. Nomman; Thank you for your thoughtful letter of December 20. Iam very giad to have this pleced in the Recoap today, with a copy of my reply. Youdave furnished me with most useful information and I am glad to know of the precautions taken by A33 your company tn connection with this very tmportant problem. Tam not very clear as to your reference to the ofl pipelines which were hurriedly con- atructed during the last war and which were thereafter converted to gas pipelines. It ia my impreasion that none of these lines are operated by your company. However, their very ex! tence today does seem to me to sup- port the advisability of eatablishing a sound syetem for maintaining safe operating condi- tions and furnishes an added factual argu- ment for the bill I have introduced. I have no doubt but that your company has kept factual data with reference to any accidents which have occurred. I am re- questing the Federal Power Commission to furnish me with all factual information it has and I had in mind the advisability of following up their report with requesta to the individual companies for such informa- tion. I think it would be most important for these data to ke analyzed in connection with any consideration of the bill I have introduced. It is my present intention to turn any such reports I receive over to the committee staff, It may well be that they or I will have further questions to ask after we have examined the information furnished. I greatly appreciate your courtesy in writ- ing to me. Sincerely yours, Joun W, HEst.rTon, Member of Congress. Amend Rules of the House EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. WALTER H. JUDD OF MINNESOTA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, January 3, 1952 Mr. JUDD. Mr. Speaker, I do not be- lieve we can get more democracy by less democracy. Hence, I am voting today as in former sessions against the motion ordering the previous question, which would foreclose all amendments and further debate. How can anyone call it liberal to vote for such a motion shutting off the democratic process at the start? To use one gag procedure is not the right way to eliminate another geg procedure. Mr. Speaker, what we need is some- thing between the two extremes of pos- sible obstruction of meritorious legisla- tion by the Rules Committee; and au- thority for one man, the chairman of a committee, to bring before the House whatever pet schemes he has managed to get through his committee. A work- able middle ground could be obtained in two ways. One would be to amend the discharge petition rule so the number of signatures required to bring out a bill approved by a committee would be re- duced from 218 to 180, as was the case before the Democratic Congress of 1931- 33. The other way would be to amend Wednesday rule so that no be entertained Rither method would limit the power of the Rules Committee of contro! rather than guide legislat‘on, and yet prevent confusion and waste of time in dilatory procedures in considering bills not de- sired or thought good for the country by a substantial number of the House Members. I regret that the amendment
A34 offered by the gentleman from Massa- chusetts (Mr, Herter) to modify the Cal- endar Wednesday rule was not consid- ered, I would have voted to abolish the 21-day rule of the Eighty-first Congress and go back to the previous rule with such an amendment. As the matter stands, I must vote to retain tho 21-day rule—it is the lesser evil of the only two alternatives we are permitted to choose between, But it is not an adequate answer, nor is return to the unamended rules of Congresses prior to the Eighty-first. We must continue to search for a better solution to the problem of eliminating gag rule by a few, without permitting either the ar- dent advocates or the bitter opponents of a measure to make a spectacle of this body and weaken public confidence in the legislative process, America’s Foreign Commitments EXTENSION OF REMARKS Oo! HON. HARRY FLOOD BYRD OF VIRGINIA IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Friday, January 5 (legislative day of Wednesday, January 3), 1951 Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed in the Appendix of the Recorp an extreme~ ly able and interesting article written by Mr. Arthur Krock and published in the New York Times of Sunday, December 31. This article is very timely and will be pertinent to the impending discussion of the very vital question of our foreign commitments and the best means to pro- vide for our security, There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the Recorp, as follows: Foreren Pouicy Desare Is CLARIFYING THE ISSUES~-FUNDAMENTAL DISAGREEMENT AP- Prangs Over NaTURE or OUR COMMITMENT To Go to THE DEFENSE OF West Europe-— Conoress Has A Part To PLaY (By Arthur Krock) ‘Wasnincton, December 30.—The mounting public dispute over the most effective meag- ures to insure the security of the United 8tates from the threat of militant world communism, and over the relation to that security of the land defense of Western Eu- rope by pooled forces of the North Atlantic Treaty nations (which include the United States), is a useful reminder that this coun- try is not yet committed to any detailed pro- gram. The debate—recently stimulated by speeches from former President Hoover and Joseph P, Kennedy on the one hand and by John Foster Dulles and administration spokesmen on the other—reveals some areas of agreement and also some important dif- ferences. For example: (2) The disputants agree that, as Secretary of State Acheson said to the Committee on Foreign Affairs on April 27, 1948, Senate ap- proval of the North*Atlantic Treaty commits this Nation to the principles of “continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid * * © to an obligation to help, but the extent, the manner end the timing is up to the honest Judgment of the parties” to the Tee Jo (2) All agree that the subsequent approval by Congress of the military assistance pact and the first appropriation therefor binds this Nation to provide ita treaty partners with matériel, dollars for the purchase of more end at least as many members of our Armed Forces as may be required to supervise the allocation and use of this equipment. NO PARTICULAR PROGRAM (3) All agree that—again in the words of Secretary Acheson on the same occasion— the treaty does not bind the United States to any particular assistance program; or re- quire it to fvrnish units for a Western European army in advance of aggression. (In fact, this subject did not arise in the hearings or congressional debates which dealt with the treaty and the arms pact.) But the meeting of minds ends there and the serious disagreements begin, among them: _(1) The President, on his concept of his constitutional authority, has made a con- ditional commitment to the North Atlantic partners that is founded on the treaty “principle of continuous and effective self- help and mutual aid.” The condition ts— once more the words of Mr. Acheson—that “no party can rely on others for its defense unless it does its utmost to defend itself and contribute toward the defense of the others.” (2) It is believed by many that, on this same concept of Executive power, the Presi- dent intends to be the judge of when and whether this condition has been met or whether he can rely on its being met; and that he has the unilateral authority in any case to order the dispatch to Europe of such troops as he and his military advisers (chief- ly Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, whom the President has authorized to act as supreme commander) believe to be required. CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL (3) But, since the integration of these troops into a land defense of Western Europe was not pledged either in the treaty or the arms pact, and Congress must supply funds for their maintenance, many in Congress and outside contend that the President cannot legally dispatch them for such & purpose without the formal approval of Congress. One passage in the record bears on this dif- ference of opinion. It occurs in the report of the Committee on Foreign Relations fa- voring the North Atlantic Treaty, but it was concerned only with military action follow- ing an aggression against one of the partners, This passage reads: “Nothing in the treaty * * *  includ- ing the provision that an attack against one shall be considered an attack against all, in- creases or decreases the constitutional power of either the President or the Congress or changes the relationship between them.” This disagreement over Presidential powers could become a very grave issue between Mr. Truman and Congress; and those who are questioning the practicability of the land , Gefense of Western Europe with American assistance would undoubtedly challenge the exercise of this power if the President de- cided to exercise it without prior reference to Congress for its approval, OTHER BASES OF DISCORD (4) Another basic disagreement between the debaters is the land defense project itself, Oonsiderable public and congressional doubt now existing would surely be removed if General Eisenhower pronounced the project Teasible and necessary, and no one believes the President would proceed with it other- wise. But there still would be influential voices raised in the country for a defense program addressed primarily to United States security, somewhat like the program which was outlined by Mr. Hoover and Mr. Kennedy, (3) There is also fundamental dispute over American policy in the Far East, partio- ularly with respect to measures for dealing APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD with the Chinese Communists. Many, in- cluding Republican leaders, urge that the Chinese Nationalists be given military and other assistance to renew active war against the Peiping Government; that our troops in Korea be withdrawn to assure holding an American security Hne from Alaska, through Japan and Formosa, to Hawaii. The admin- istration thus far has opposed both pro- posals. These, plus the movement sparked by Mr. Hoover to demand stronger courses at Lake Success in dealing with Communist China, are the principal divisions on foreign policy being argued before the American people. The discussion is of as great importance as any in our history. The very listing of the issues establishes that, Also, the debate is of the essence of our democracy, CHALLENGE TO CRITICS But it has another indispensable value. Critics of Mr. Hoover and Mr. Kennedy have charged they are preaching abandonment of ® sacred Commitment by the United States, the major premise being that the United States is pledged outright to participate in & land defense of Western Europe. If this misconception were not challenged, and Gen- eral Eisenhower should conclude that the land-defense program is not feasible, the United States would stand before the world as a dishonored welcher on a firm pledge. The facts, however, all clear in the record, refute the existence of such a commitment. By the treaty and the arms pact the United States Government, which necessarily in- cludes Congress, is committed to its best effort to defend the North Atlantic area. In- sotar as the Executive alone can pledge action by the United States, he has ‘made a strictly conditional commitment to send such mili- tary contributions to the land defense of Western Europe as he may conclude to be practicable and serve the primary interests of national security. That is all. But it does mark a revolu- tionary change in the foreign policy of the Republic up to 1950. Re Inaugural Address by Governor Dewey, of New York EXTENSION OF REMARKS oF HON. IRVING M. IVES OF NEW YORK In THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Friday, January 5 (legislative day of Wednesday, January 3), 1951 Mr. IVES, Mr. President, I ask unan- fmous consent to have incorporated in the Appendix of the Recorp the text of the inaugural address of Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, delivered at the inauguration ceremonies held in the assembly cham- ber, State capitol, Albany, N. Y¥., on January 1, 1951. There being no objection, the address was ordered to be printed in the Rrcorp, as follows: This is the third time I have had the honor of taking the oath as governor of New York. Bight years ago when I first assumed the re- sponsibility of governing our State, our country Was desperately engaged in a war for survival. Only a year before much of our fleet had been sunk at Pearl Harbor: disaster had followed disaster and the forces of freedom were beleaguered throughout the world. By God's grace the forces of freedom tri- umphed. But 4 years ago when I took this
APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD #00 that late anally was moving to take Hitier’s place in a echeme of world Ow National Government had others in the Tnited Nations, we came per- fiously close to losing a military action against a tenth-rate power, North Korea. When victory had been snatched from the jaws of defeat in Korea, we then found our gallant forces almost overwhelmed by the eruption of the hordes of Red China into open warfare. Soviet diplomacy has today achieved one of its cardinal objectives in placing America tn opposition to her traditional Chinese ally, while sowing seeds of dissension between us and other free nations of the world. Mean- while, without engaging a single Russian regiment since the end of World War II, the Red conqueror has extended his domination beyond his own 200,000,000 people to in- clude 800,000,000 people, one-third of all the people in the world, Today the Red Empire reaches more than half-way around the world, from the Baltic Sea and the middle of Germany, to the Pacific Ocean and the China Sea, Once again within these 8 years the cause of freedom is beleaquered. Once again the call should be plain to freemen everywhere to band together and bravely live else they will fall apart and ignobly die. This time the enemy who wars against us has new weapons in his arsenal. He and his satellites boast of land armies the aize of which the world has never seen before. He has the largest air force in the world and vast power under the sea. He boasts of secret allies in every nation—hunger, pov- erty, confusion, war weariness—and in all too many lands, a lack of brave or inspiring leadership. He also has unprecedented un- derground armies in every nation, highly skilled in creating internal disunity and armed with propaganda, sabotage, fanatic- ism and treason. Thc Red conqueror has still another ad- vantage in the economic weakness of many free nations and in their desperate lack of arms, One thing and one thing alone seems to stay the hand of the aggressor from waging an immediate, all-out war of conquest—our possession of the atom bomb. We believe we atill have the lead in atomic warfare and apparently he shares that belief. How long that superiority will last no one knows. One thing above all others is clear—the atom bomb will not continue to deter ag- world from which to send the bomb. If our own ideals of freedom in the world did not require it, the stark necessities of self-preservation would demand that we de- velop and keep strong, brave alites. We shall make united and mighty the forces of the free world, and swiftly, or we shall be soon isolated and left to die. If ag a Nation we continue our present course of aeelf-indulgence, weakness, and vacillation, we shall have no one but our- selves to blame for the loss of our liberties and our national existence. Al) is not lost but all is in the gravest peril. With only 7 percent of the population of the world we in America are outnumbered 14 to 1. But the free world still outnume- bers the slave world by 2 to 1. If we pro- vide the leadership in sacrifice, in hard work and in building overwhelming military force, othera will again rally to our ciuse. We can start again toward the pow- erful physical and moral position we held at the end of World War II. In this unparalleled crisis, there is only one course for free men and women. There is only one road to survival. That is the road of hard-headed realism, of toil and more toil, of sacrifice and greater sacrifice. We still have the mightiest industria! plant in the world and it 1s more powerful today than ever before. Much cf the industrial might of Germany and Japan can also be mo- bilised—this time on the side of freedom— 4€ we are swift and strong enough in action. The resources of the free world vastly exceed those of the slave world. There is no weak- neas of our cause which courage, hard work, and strong leadership cannot cure, The physical resources to preserve free- dom and even perhaps to save the peace are at hand. Only the will, the courage, and the clear purpose are needed. The duty to mo- bilise our strength before it is too late should be clear to all. For a decade the cause of freedom has echoed the tragic words “too Uttle and too late.” Let not these words be the epitaph of America and of our civiliza- tion. There is still time for action, but the hour is very late. Here in New York we have a high obliga- tion and unmeasured opportunity. By lay- ing aside partisanship and selfishness we can set an example for the States and the Nation in self-denial and in hard work for the greater good. I propose to you and to the people of New York a Spartan course for our State which I prtyerfully hope will be followed here and in the Nation. I pledge to you a State administration de- voted to the primary objective of the defense of liberty. I pledge to you a single-minded purpose in production for defense, in mobilization of manpower, and in preparation for civil de- Tense. We have done it before and we will do it again. During these recent years we have biased trails in sotiel welfare, in slum clearance, and in public housing, in education, in ad- vancing the rights of man, in medical care, in mental and tuberculosis hospitals, in modern highway transportation, and in recreation. Foreseeing the tragic emergency 1n which we find ourselves, we have blazed trails, too, in leading the Nation in civil defense, in bullding a strong National Guard, and in preparation for a State guard, in vigorous economy in nonessentials, and in strong preparation in essentials. Just as we have led the way in peace and in preparation for defense, 50 we Can move ahead now in pre- paring for the more perilous times ahead in total defense. What we can do as citizens of New York we have a right to expect that others will do as citisens of the United States and of the free world. We have a right to insist that policies of vacillation, weakness, and cow- ardice be abandoned. We have a right to in- sist on ccurageous action and Spartan living. Ae Citizens of the United States we want our Nation to live bravely, to resume at whatever cost our position of strength and leadership to preserve the rights of man. Never in recorded history was the whole concept of decency and human freedom un- der such total challenge. Never was any peo- ple presented with a call to duty 90 clear or with so great a challenge to live nobly. The blessings of freedom have brought to our land a potential power so vast that with A35 strong leadership and high courage we can once again gather to our side the minds and hearts of free men everywhere. Once again ‘we can, if we will, develop the overpowering force to etay the hand of the aggressor and make possible the lasting peace we have 50 jong been denied. There is within the soul of every free man the courage to achieve which 10,000 slaves can never match. With the inspiration of a just God and the courage to do His will we can live bravely and again secure the highest cause on earth, the freedom of mankind. Multiple Sclerosis EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. KENNETH S. WHERRY OF NEBRASKA IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Friday, January & (legislative day of Wednesday, January 3), 1951 Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed in the Appendix of the Recorp a statement by the Senator from Washington [Mr. Carn] regarding multiple sclerosis, as discussed in an article entitled “Re- prieve,” by Miriam Zeer Gross, which the Senator from Washington desires to have printed in the Recorp. I present the statement of the Senator from Wash- ington and the article, and ask that they be printed in the Appendix. There being no objection, the state- ment and article were ordered to be printed in the Rrecorp, as follows: STATEMENT BY Senwatror Cane I am particularly proud to present for printing in the Appendix of the Recorp the article Reprieve, by Miriam Zeller Gross. which appears in the December 1950 iasue of McCall's magazine. I take great pride in calling this article to the attention of my colleagues because, first of all, it brings national recognition to & courageous effort in behalf of hundreds of suffering people, being carried on in my home city Tacoma, Wash. Secondly, I am particularly proud because Dr. Hinton Jonez has given his time and effort to establish a clinic at St. Joseph's Hospital in Tacoma, for the treatment of a disease heretofore considered hopeless, multi- ple sclerosis, This clinic is supported by private voluntary funds, and Dr. Jonet vol- unteers his services in behalf of the clinic and the hundreds of sufferers who have found relief there. There has been no State or Federal assistance in establishing and running this clinic which, so far as I have been able to determine, is the only one de- voted exclusively to the treatment of multi- ple sclerosis in the world. Ee meaaad Reprieve From a SEnwrence or TORTURE aNp DratH (By Mirlam Zeller Grose) Imagine yourself doomed to die from a myeterious, incurable disease. Your doctor bas told you the blunt truth as he believes it: “There isn’t any hope. Soon you will be in a wheelchair, As the condition pro- gresses—and it always does—you can only take to your bed and walt for death.” Not a pretty picture, is it? Yet, only by putting yourself in the place of someone stricken by the terrible nerve-killer multiple sclerosis can you understand the despair it causes or apprectate the full significance of
A36 the fight being waged against it at the M, S. clinic of St. Joseph's Hospital in Tacoma, Wash. At St. Joseph's, multiple solerosis is being arrested in one victim in six. Others get blessed relief. Many leave their beds for the first time in years. One man unable to move so much as a toe for 7 years walked again within a week after entering the hospital. No cures are claimed, Buta revolutionary new concept of the disease enables its hellish symptoms to be controlled, and promises a new lease on life for its victims. Dr. Hinton D. Jonez, director of the mul- tiple sclerosis clinic, says that attempting to cure this disease is similar to trying to revive a drowning person. Far advanced cases—like people who have been in the water too long—may be difficult or impos- sible to save. On the other hand, there ts surprising hope for victims of multiple sclerosis provided, of course, that important nerves are not dead. Nerves that appear dead can sometimes be revitalized. Two of Dr. Jonez’ patients, for example, had been diagnosed as totally blind. One had even received insurance benefits on the basis of total disability. Today both enjoy normal vision. Most of the more than 100 patients with whom I talked at the clinic told stories that hold the drama of people suddenly reprieved from # death sen- tence. Take Mrs. Alice Meinert. This young mother was stricken shortly after New Year's Day in 1947. By May she could not get out of bed. For a year she grew steadily worse. Her father, who had made it his business to learn everything possible about the dis- ease, heard about the new clinic in Tacoma. He urged that his daughter be sent there. But the attending physician pooh-poohed the idea, and, acting on his advice, Mrs. Minert’s husband refused. The father took legal action and gained custody of his daughter—a step accomplished through the far-seeing wisdom of Judge Chester A. Batchelor, of the King County Court, Seattle. Four days after she reached the Tacoma Clinic, Mrs. Meinert took her first steps in more than a year. One week later she walked from the house to the street and got into an automobile unaided. Shortly after this, Mrs. Meinert’s husband, angry because of what he considered high- handed interference by his father-in-law, brought suit to get the guardianship of his little boy. Judge Batchelor again presided. The hus- band told the court that his wife’s iliness made it impoasible for her to care for their child. She was bedridden and incapable of doing anything for herself, let alone the child. His statement was just completed when a door opened at te back of the court- house. Alice Meinert entered, walked the full length of the room and took a seat near the front. Mrs. Meinert told her story at the judge’s direction, and she now has full custody of her little boy. Her condition has improved steadily. She does her own housework, looks after the child and appears in every way to be @ well, happy woman, Few people knew anything about multiple sclerosis (also called creeping paralysis or simply M. 8.) until it took the life of the great baseball star Lou Gehrig. Today the disease is understood to be fairly common and far more prevalent than poliomyelitis, which its crippling effects resemble. Most M, 8, victims are between 20 and 40, in otherwise highly productive years. They may suffer a few weeks only or Unger for years, constantly growing worse, helpless burdens to themselves and to their families, Often they are shunted into depressing in- stitutions for Incurables. Symptoms vary but usually include a staggering gait, double vision, tremors and speech defecta—which often unfairly label the victimes as psyohctics or alcoholics. Deafness, blindness, psralysis and mental changes occur as the condition progresses. Like some fiendish hit-and-run killer, M. 5. may strike, allow the victim to recover par- tially, then strike again, repeating this per- formance over and over. The victim 1s weaker each time, until he no longer rises. Jack Franklin's experience indicates the unhappy misunderstanding these people encounter. Jack was stationed at Dutch Harbor in the Aleutians when he suddenly | noticed a numb spot on one leg. The numbness left, only to return in a larger area. Goon half his body lacked sensation. “J could have cut myself in two,” he says. “One half had no feeling.” The examining physicians found nothing wrong. “Nothing but nerves,” they re- ported. When his eyes failed, Jack was sent to an eye spectalist at Kodiak. This man said, “Snow blindness plus nerves,” and referred him to yet another island to consult a specialist for glasses. When Jack couldn't walk without staggering, he was discharged as a mental case and sent to a veterans’ hospital. Happily, he is now at Tacoma and steadily getting bctter. The miserable symptoms of multiple sclerosis sufferers are caused by damage to the myelin sheaths, or fatty coverings, which normally protect all nerve fibers. These sheaths are like the insulation around an electric wire. Just a8 damaged insulation causes short circuits, so injured sheaths pre- vent nerves from delivering brain messages properly. Messages distorted and weakened may finally stop entirely. The many scars caused by the body’s attempts to repair the sheaths suggested the name “multiple sclerosis.” Doctors generally classify the condition among “nervous and mental diseases,” al- though nobody has actually proved why nerve coverings disintegrate. Several years ago Dr. Bayard T. Horton, well-known al- lergist of the famed Mayo Clinic, became convinced that multiple sclerosis is caused by allergic reactions. Acting on Dr. Hor- ton’s advice, Dr. Jonez, also an allergist, followed the suggested treatment with a few private patients, with most gratifying re- sults. When Sister Celine Magdeline in- quired about the treatment, Dr. Jonez offered to donate his services tf the @isters of St. Francis, operating St. Joseph's Hospital, would provide clinic facilities. Thus the clinic started. Dr. Jonez explains the new approach to multiple sclerosis In this way: Strawberries and other substances cause some people to get hives on the skin, The multiple sclerosis victim gets his hives on the central nervous system. Obviously hives on the brain or spinal cord—housed in bony boxes without much room for expansion—can cause terrific damage. Blood flow is cut, and nerves are robbed of oxygen and other life-sustaining materials. Small wonder that the sheaths ana finally the nerves themselves sicken and e. Whether this concept is correct or not, it seems to work. All who stick to the treat- ment for as long as 8 months show definite, measurable improvement, if not dramatio come-backs. Any improvement, however, can be evaluated only in terms of the previ- ous condition. You might wonder what Sylvia Fisher has accomplished if you saw her confined to her wheel chair day after day. But her happy brother will show you four crocheted dollies, each of finer thread and more intricate design, . “Maybe they wouldn't look like much to some folks,” he says, “but they look mighty wonderful to me. For 10 years my sister couldn't even hold a crochet hook. Her hands were completely paralyzed when she came,” APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Such progress comes about through 4 four-way attack on the disease. Careful tests detect substances causing allergic reactions go that they may be avoided. Muscles wasted by disuse are rehabilitated through a com- bination of moist hot polio packs and espe- cially designed exercises developed at the clinic. Distorted body parts are relaxed, and disease symptoms are controlled by two potent drugs. Last—and equally important to all the rest—is what Dr. Joneg calls “lots of TLC,” or tender loving care. Use of histamine in multiple sclerosis may well prove epochal, since this drug controls multiple sclerosis symptoms much as insulin controls diabetes. Like insulin, histamine 1s an important body chemical. It occurs in human blood and most tissues. While sup- plies remain constant in normal individuals, histamine varies greatly in allergy sufferers. Histamine, incidentally, must not be con- fused with antihistamine, the popular cold remedy, since it is the exact opposite. Doses of the drug histamine, synthesized by industrial laboratories, increase the effi- ciency of blood flow and rush repair mate- rials to wounded sheaths and nerves. Extra oxygen becomes available, and vital forces generally are stepped up, much like addimg fighters to an exhausted army. Men and women enjoying its benefits say that histamine makes them feel as if they could fly, instead of barely drag one foot before the other. If the prescribed dose 1s forgotten they get hungry for it, just as for food or water. The drug is dangerous if im- properly used. ‘Too much gives the worst headache known. Larger doses kill. Yet over 30,000 doses have been given at Tacoma, and a larger number at the Mayo Clinic (where histamine is used for a number of conditions), without bad results. At both places, however, doses are carefully tailored according to individual needs. Proper dosage enables many who thought there was nothing ahead but invalidism and death to return to jobs and live normal lives. Mrs. Albert Parker had been told her hus- band would never be able to leave his bed. But, through the help of histamine, Mr. Parker is now busily completing prelimi- naries for law study at the University of Washington. Wayne Nelson is another. This ski in- structor was having bad attacks of staggers and double vision—seeing two trees where there was only one. Sometimes he couldn't get out of bed, and altogether he feared he was through. Maintained by histamine, he is back at his chosen work in the mountains and participates once more in ski races and tournaments. “I’m fine so long as I take the histamine,” he said. Ordinarily administered by hypodermic needle, the drug can now be taken more easily by an electrical device. Dr. Harold A. Abramson, a New York City allergist, re- cently developed a method whereby hista- mine is driven through the skin by a gal- vanic current and absorbed into the blood. The necessary apparatus is inexpensive and so simple that a 14-year-old boy made & set for his mother now under treatment in Tacoma, The clinic provides a place where people may learn to live comfortably with M. 8. Here they discover curare—a drug with the unique quality of softening twisted, gnarled muscles and bestowing a blessed feeling of relaxation. Many enjoy their first night of refreshing sleep in months or years after the first dose. This drug, liky quinine, comes from trees in the South American jungles. In addition to relaxing muscles, curare helps overcome one of the most distressing of M. 8, complaints—incontinence of bladder and bowels. Three years ago, before the clinic's great contribution was recognized, the unorthodox treatment pursued there was openly cen- sured. At one point the mother superior was told no more interns would be as: gned