573 
these options would ‘‘aim to negate any advantage 
Russia might gain from deploying an INF-prohibited 
system, and all of these would be designed to make us 
more secure’’, and these options ‘‘fall into three broad 
categories: active defenses to counter intermediate- 
range ground-launched cruise missiles; counterforce 
capabilities to prevent intermediate-range ground- 
launched cruise missile attacks; and countervailing 
strike capabilities to enhance U.S. or allied forces.’’. 
(8) President Barack Obama stated in Prague in 
2009 that, ‘‘Rules must be binding. Violations must 
be punished. Words must mean something.’’. 
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the 
Congress that— 
(1) the Russian Federation should return to com-
pliance with the INF Treaty; 
(2) the continuing violation of the INF Treaty 
by the Russian Federation threatens the viability of 
the INF Treaty; 
(3) the United States has reportedly been under-
taking diplomatic efforts to address with the Russia 
Federation its violations of the INF Treaty since 
2013, and the Russian Federation has failed to re-
spond to these efforts in any meaningful way; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00573
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
574 
(4) not only should the Russian Federation end 
its cheating with respect to the INF Treaty, but also 
its illegal occupation of the sovereign territory of an-
other nation, its plans for stationing nuclear weapons 
on that nation’s territory, and its cheating and viola-
tion of as many as eight of its 12 arms control obliga-
tions and agreements; and 
(5) there are several United States military re-
quirements that would be addressed by the develop-
ment and deployment of systems currently prohibited 
by the INF Treaty. 
(c) NOTIFICATION OF RUSSIAN VIOLATIONS OF INF 
TREATY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a notifica-
tion of— 
(A) whether the Russian Federation has 
flight-tested, deployed, or possesses a military 
system that has achieved an initial operating ca-
pability of a covered missile system; and 
(B) whether the Russian Federation has 
begun steps to return to full compliance with the 
INF Treaty, including by agreeing to inspections 
and verification measures necessary to achieve 
high confidence that any covered missile system 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00574
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
575 
will be eliminated, as required by the INF Trea-
ty upon its entry into force. 
(2) DEADLINE.—The notification required under 
paragraph (1) shall be submitted not later than 30 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
not later than 30 days after the date on which the 
Russian Federation meets any of the requirements of 
subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1). 
(3) FORM.—The notification required under 
paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex if necessary. 
(d) NOTIFICATION OF COORDINATION WITH ALLIES 
REGARDING INF TREATY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment, and every 120-day period 
thereafter for a period of 5 years, the Secretary of De-
fense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 
in coordination with the Secretary of State and the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall jointly submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a notifi-
cation on the status and content of updates provided 
to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 
and allies of the United States in East Asia, on the 
Russian Federation’s flight testing, operating capa-
bility and deployment of a covered missile system, in-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00575
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
576 
cluding updates on the status and a description of ef-
forts with such allies to develop collective responses, 
including economic and military responses, to the 
Russian Federation’s arms control violations, includ-
ing violations of the INF Treaty. 
(2) FORM.—The notification required under 
paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may contain a classified annex if necessary. 
(e) MILITARY RESPONSE OPTIONS TO RUSSIAN FED-
ERATION VIOLATION OF THE TREATY ON INTERMEDIATE 
RANGE NUCLEAR FORCES.— 
(1) DEVELOPMENT OF CAPABILITIES.—If, as of 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President de-
termines that the Russian Federation has not begun 
steps to return to full compliance with the INF Trea-
ty, including by agreeing to inspections and 
verification measures necessary to achieve high con-
fidence that any covered missile system will be elimi-
nated, as required by the INF Treaty upon its entry 
into force, the President shall begin developing the fol-
lowing military capabilities: 
(A) Counterforce capabilities to prevent in-
termediate-range ground-launched ballistic mis-
sile and cruise missile attacks, including capa-
bilities that may be acquired from allies. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00576
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
577 
(B) Countervailing strike capabilities to en-
hance the Armed Forces of the United States or 
allies of the United States, including capabilities 
that may be acquired from allies. 
(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR RECOMMENDED 
CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary of Defense may use 
funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or 
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2016 for re-
search, development, test, and evaluation, Defense- 
wide, as specified in the funding table in section 
4201, to carry out the development of capabilities 
pursuant to paragraph (1) that are recommended by 
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to meet 
military requirements and current capability gaps. 
In making such a selection, the Chairman shall give 
priority to such capabilities that the Chairman deter-
mines could be tested and fielded most expediently, 
with the most priority given to capabilities that the 
Chairman determines could be fielded in two years. 
(3) REPORTS ON DEVELOPMENT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—During each 180-day pe-
riod beginning on the date on which funds are 
first obligated to develop capabilities under 
paragraph (2), the Chairman shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00577
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
578 
on such capabilities, including the costs of devel-
opment (and estimated total costs of each system 
if pursued to deployment) and the timeline for 
development flight testing and deployment. 
(B) SUNSET.—The provisions of subpara-
graph (A) shall not be in effect on and after the 
date on which the President certifies to the ap-
propriate congressional committees that the INF 
Treaty is no longer in force or the Russian Fed-
eration has fully returned to compliance with its 
obligations under the INF Treaty. 
(4) REPORT ON DEPLOYMENT.—Not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the following: 
(A) Potential deployment locations of the 
military capabilities described in paragraph (1) 
in East Asia and Eastern Europe, including 
any potential basing agreements that may be re-
quired to facilitate such deployments. 
(B) Any required safety and security meas-
ures, estimates of potential costs of deployments 
described in subparagraph (A) and an assess-
ment of whether or not such deployments in 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00578
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
579 
Eastern Europe may require a decision of the 
North Atlantic Council. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means the following: 
(A) The congressional defense committees. 
(B) The Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
(C) The Permanent Select Committee on In-
telligence of the House of Representatives and the 
Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
(2) COVERED MISSILE SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘cov-
ered missile system’’ means ground-launched ballistic 
missiles or ground-launched cruise missiles with a 
flight-tested range of between 500 and 5500 kilo-
meters. 
(3) INF TREATY.—The term ‘‘INF Treaty’’ 
means the Treaty Between the United States of Amer-
ica and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on 
the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and 
Shorter-Range Missiles, commonly referred to as the 
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00579
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
580 
signed at Washington, December 8, 1987, and entered 
into force June 1, 1988. 
SEC. 1244. MODIFICATION OF NOTIFICATION AND ASSESS-
MENT OF PROPOSAL TO MODIFY OR INTRO-
DUCE NEW AIRCRAFT OR SENSORS FOR 
FLIGHT 
BY 
THE 
RUSSIAN 
FEDERATION 
UNDER OPEN SKIES TREATY. 
Section 1242(b)(1) of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 
Stat. 3563) is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘30 days’’ and inserting ‘‘90 
days’’; and 
(2) by striking ‘‘and the Chairman of the Joint 
Chiefs of Staff’’ and inserting ‘‘, the Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the commander of each rel-
evant combatant command’’. 
SEC. 1245. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR ESTO-
NIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and 
Lithuania are highly valued allies of the United 
States, and they have repeatedly demonstrated their 
commitment to advancing our mutual interests as 
well as those of the NATO Alliance. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00580
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
581 
(2) Operation Atlantic Resolve is a series of exer-
cises and coordinating efforts meant to demonstrate 
the United States’ commitment to the Baltic States of 
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and the United 
States-Baltic partnership’s shared goal of peace and 
stability in the region. Built upon the common values 
of peace, stability and prosperity, Operation Atlantic 
Resolve 
strengthens 
communication 
and 
under-
standing, and is an important effort to deter Russian 
aggression against the Baltic States. 
(3) As part of Operation Atlantic Resolve, the 
European Reassurance Initiative undertakes exercises, 
training, and rotational presence necessary to reas-
sure and integrate our Baltic State allies into a com-
mon defense framework. 
(4) All three Baltic States contributed to the 
NATO-led International Security Assistance Force in 
Afghanistan, sending disproportionate numbers of 
troops and operating with few caveats. They also con-
tinue to engage in the Resolute Support Mission in 
Afghanistan. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— 
(1) reaffirms its support for the principle of col-
lective defense as enshrined in Article 5 of the North 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00581
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS
582 
Atlantic Treaty for our NATO allies, Estonia, Latvia, 
and Lithuania; 
(2) supports the sovereignty, independence, terri-
torial integrity, and inviolability of Estonia, Latvia, 
and Lithuania as well as their internationally recog-
nized borders, and expresses concerns over increas-
ingly aggressive military maneuvering by Russia 
near their borders and airspace; 
(3) expresses concerns over increasingly aggres-
sive military maneuvering by the Russian Federation 
near Baltic state borders and airspace, and condemns 
reported subversive and destabilizing activities by the 
Russian Federation within the Baltic states; and 
(4) encourages the Administration to further en-
hance defense cooperation efforts with Estonia, Lat-
via, and Lithuania and supports the efforts of their 
Governments to provide for the defense of their people 
and sovereign territory. 
SEC. 1246. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR GEOR-
GIA. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Georgia is a valued friend of the United 
States and has repeatedly demonstrated its commit-
ment to advancing the mutual interests of both coun-
tries, including the deployment of Georgian forces as 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
19:20 May 05, 2015
Jkt 049200
PO 00000
Frm 00582
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6203
E:\BILLS\H1735.RH
H1735
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with BILLS