H. R. 5515—407 
(c) SOURCE
OF FUNDS.—Subsection (d) of such section is 
amended by striking ‘‘fiscal year 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 
2019’’. 
(d) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in 
cooperation with the Secretary of State, shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on the Office of 
Security Cooperation in Iraq. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
include the following: 
(A) A description of the enduring planned size and 
missions of the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq after 
the cessation of major combat operations against the 
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. 
(B) A description of the relationship between the Office 
of Security Cooperation in Iraq and any planned enduring 
presence of other United States forces in Iraq. 
(C) A detailed description of any activity to be con-
ducted by the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq in 
fiscal year 2019. 
(D) A plan and timeline for the normalization of the 
Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq to conform to other 
offices of security cooperation, including the transition of 
funding from the Department of Defense to the Department 
of State by the beginning of fiscal year 2020. 
(E) Such other matters with respect to the Office of 
Security Cooperation in Iraq as the Secretary of Defense 
and the Secretary of State consider appropriate. 
(e) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and 
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. 
SEC. 1236. MODIFICATION OF ANNUAL REPORT ON MILITARY POWER 
OF IRAN. 
Section 1245(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2010 (10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3)(B), by inserting ‘‘the Houthis,’’ after 
‘‘Hamas,’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (7)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘the Russian Federation,’’ after ‘‘Paki-
stan,’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘trafficking or’’ before ‘‘development’’. 
SEC. 1237. STRATEGY TO COUNTER DESTABILIZING ACTIVITIES OF 
IRAN. 
(a) STRATEGY AUTHORIZED.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, with the 
concurrence of the Secretary of State, may develop a strategy 
with foreign partners to counter the destabilizing activities 
of Iran. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy described in paragraph (1)— 
(A) should identify specific countries in which Iran 
and Iranian-backed entities are operating; and
H. R. 5515—408 
(B) should establish a cooperative framework that 
includes, as appropriate— 
(i) investing in intelligence, surveillance, and 
reconnaissance capabilities; 
(ii) investing in mine countermeasures resources 
and platforms; 
(iii) investing in integrated air and missile defense 
platforms and technologies; 
(iv) sharing intelligence and data between the 
United States and such foreign countries; 
(v) investing in cyber security and cyber defense 
capabilities; 
(vi) engaging in combined planning and exercises; 
(vii) engaging in defense education, institution 
building, doctrinal development, and reform; and 
(viii) assessing Iran’s destabilizing activities in the 
countries identified under subparagraph (A) and the 
implications thereof. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through December 
31, 2021, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Sec-
retary of State, should submit to the congressional defense commit-
tees and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
a report on actions taken to enhance cooperation and encourage 
military-to-military engagement between the United States and 
foreign partners with the goal of countering the destabilizing actions 
of Iran and, if applicable, the strategy authorized by subsection 
(a). 
Subtitle D—Matters Relating to the 
Russian Federation 
SEC. 1241. PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RELATING TO 
SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OVER 
CRIMEA. 
(a) PROHIBITION.—None of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 
2019 for the Department of Defense may be obligated or expended 
to implement any activity that recognizes the sovereignty of the 
Russian Federation over Crimea. 
(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence 
of the Secretary of State, may waive the prohibition under sub-
section (a) if the Secretary of Defense— 
(1) determines that to do so is in the national security 
interest of the United States; and 
(2) submits to the Committee on Armed Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Com-
mittee on Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives a notification of the waiver, 
along with a justification of the reason for seeking such waiver, 
at the time the waiver is invoked.
H. R. 5515—409 
SEC. 1242. LIMITATION ON AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS RELATING TO 
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OPEN SKIES TREATY. 
(a) PROHIBITION ON ACTIVITIES TO MODIFY UNITED STATES AIR-
CRAFT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal year 
2019 for research, development, test, and evaluation, Air Force, 
for arms control implementation (PE 0305145F), Aircraft 
Procurement, Air Force (line item C135B0/C-135B), or procure-
ment, Air Force, for digital visual imaging system (BA-05, 
Line Item #1900) may be obligated or expended to carry out 
any activities to modify any United States aircraft for purposes 
of implementing the Open Skies Treaty until the President 
submits to the appropriate congressional committees the certifi-
cation described in paragraph (2). 
(2) CERTIFICATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The certification described in this 
paragraph is a certification of the President that— 
(i) the President has imposed treaty violations 
responses and legal countermeasures on the Russian 
Federation for its violations of the Open Skies Treaty; 
and 
(ii) the President has fully informed the appro-
priate congressional committees of such responses and 
countermeasures. 
(B) DELEGATION.—The President may delegate the 
responsibility for making a certification under subpara-
graph (A) to the Secretary of the State. 
(3) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.— 
In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit-
tees’’ means— 
(A) the congressional defense committees; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives. 
(b) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS TO VOTE OR APPROVE CERTAIN 
IMPLEMENTING
DECISIONS
OF
THE
OPEN
SKIES
CONSULTATIVE 
COMMISSION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—None of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated or otherwise made available by this Act or any other 
Act for fiscal year 2019 may be used to vote to approve or 
otherwise adopt any implementing decision of the Open Skies 
Consultative Commission pursuant to Article X of the Open 
Skies Treaty to authorize approval of requests by state parties 
to the Treaty to certify infra-red or synthetic aperture radar 
sensors pursuant to Article IV of the Treaty unless and until 
the following requirements are met: 
(A) The Secretary of Defense, jointly with the relevant 
United States Government officials, submits to the appro-
priate congressional committees the following: 
(i) A certification that the implementing decision 
would not be detrimental or otherwise harmful to the 
national security of the United States. 
(ii) A report on the Open Skies Treaty that includes 
the following: 
(I) The annual costs to the United States asso-
ciated with countermeasures to mitigate potential
H. R. 5515—410 
abuses of observation flights by the Russian Fed-
eration carried out under the Treaty over Euro-
pean and United States territories involving infra- 
red or synthetic aperture radar sensors. 
(II) A plan, and its estimated cost through 
December 31, 2023, to replace the Treaty architec-
ture with an increased sharing of overhead 
commercial imagery, consistent with United States 
national security, with covered state parties, 
excluding the Russian Federation, compared with 
the current cost of implementing the Open Skies 
Treaty, including proposed aircraft recapitaliza-
tion, through December 31, 2023. 
(III) An evaluation by the Director of National 
Intelligence of matters concerning how an observa-
tion flight described in clause (i) could implicate 
intelligence activities of the Russian Federation 
in the United States and United States counter-
intelligence activities and vulnerabilities. 
(IV) An assessment of how such information 
is used by the Russian Federation, for what pur-
pose, and how the information fits into the Russian 
Federation’s overall collection posture. 
(B) Not later than 90 days before the date on which 
the United States votes to approve or otherwise adopt 
any such implementing decision, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a certification 
that— 
(i) the Russian Federation— 
(I) is in complete compliance with is obliga-
tions under the Open Skies Treaty; 
(II) is not exceeding the imagery limits set 
forth in the Treaty; and 
(III) is allowing observation flights by covered 
state parties over all of Moscow, Chechnya, 
Kaliningrad, and within 10 kilometers of its border 
with Georgia’s occupied territories of Abkhazia and 
South Ossetia without restriction and without 
inconsistency to requirements under the Treaty; 
and 
(ii) covered state parties have been notified and 
briefed, consistent with protection of sources and 
methods, on concerns of the intelligence community 
(as defined in section 3 of the National Security Act 
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)) regarding infra-red or syn-
thetic aperture radar sensors used under the Open 
Skies Treaty. 
(2) WAIVER.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The President may waive the 
application of paragraph (1)(B) if the President determines 
that— 
(i) the waiver is in the national security of the 
United States; and 
(ii) the Russian Federation has taken clear and 
verifiable action to return to compliance with the Open 
Skies Treaty. 
(B) DELEGATION.—