shown they can pose, and to increase the ability to 
find and stop terrorist efforts to manufacture nu-
clear explosives or to transport nuclear explosives 
and materials anywhere in the world; 
(4) within such a comprehensive approach, a 
high priority must be placed on ensuring that all nu-
clear weapons worldwide are secure and accounted 
for and that all formula quantities of strategic spe-
cial nuclear material worldwide are eliminated, re-
moved, or secure and accounted for; and 
(5) the International Atomic Energy Agency 
should be funded appropriately to fulfill its role in 
coordinating international efforts to protect nuclear 
material and to combat nuclear smuggling. 
SEC. 5. SENIOR ADVISOR TO THE PRESIDENT FOR THE 
PREVENTION OF NUCLEAR TERRORISM. 
(a) DESIGNATION
OF
POSITION.—The President 
shall designate an individual to serve in the Executive Of-
fice of the President as the Senior Advisor to the Presi-
dent for the Prevention of Nuclear Terrorism. 
(b) DUTIES.—The Senior Advisor to the President, 
under the direction of the Assistant to the President for 
National Security Affairs, shall be responsible for— 
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(1) advising the President on all matters relat-
ing to preventing nuclear terrorism and responding 
to a nuclear terrorism event; 
(2) directing and coordinating the formulation 
of United States policies for preventing nuclear ter-
rorism, including— 
(A) developing plans, including timelines, 
measurable milestones, and targets to which the 
departments and agencies of the United States 
Government can be held accountable, to better 
prevent nuclear terrorism; 
(B) identifying and addressing gaps, dupli-
cation, and inefficiencies in existing programs 
and taking other appropriate actions to over-
come obstacles to accelerated progress to pre-
vent nuclear terrorism; 
(C) overseeing and coordinating the devel-
opment, by the departments and agencies of the 
United States Government, of accelerated and 
strengthened program implementation strate-
gies and diplomatic strategies with respect to 
the prevention of nuclear terrorism; 
(D) overseeing and coordinating the devel-
opment of budget requests for programs to pre-
vent nuclear terrorism and ensuring that such 
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requests adequately reflect the priority of the 
threat of nuclear terrorism; and 
(E) identifying such new initiatives to pre-
vent nuclear terrorism as may be needed; and 
(3) coordinating United States efforts to imple-
ment such policies. 
SEC. 6. MINIMUM SECURITY STANDARD FOR NUCLEAR 
WEAPONS AND FORMULA QUANTITIES OF 
STRATEGIC SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL. 
(a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 
take all possible steps to ensure that all nuclear weapons 
around the world are secure and accounted for and that 
all formula quantities of strategic special nuclear material 
are eliminated, removed, or secure and accounted for to 
a level sufficient to defeat the threats posed by terrorists 
and criminals. 
(b) INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY STAND-
ARD.—In furtherance of the policy described in subsection 
(a), and consistent with the requirement for ‘‘appropriate 
effective’’ physical protection contained in United Nations 
Security Council Resolution 1540 (2004), as well as the 
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Convention on 
the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, the Presi-
dent, in consultation with the Senior Advisor to the Presi-
dent for the Prevention of Nuclear Terrorism and relevant 
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Federal departments and agencies, shall seek the broadest 
possible international agreement on a global standard for 
nuclear security that— 
(1) ensures that nuclear weapons and formula 
quantities of strategic special nuclear material are 
secure and accounted for to a sufficient level to de-
feat the threats posed by terrorists and criminals; 
(2) takes into account the limitations of equip-
ment and human performance; and 
(3) includes steps to provide confidence that the 
needed measures have in fact been implemented. 
(c) INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS.—In furtherance of 
the policy described in subsection (a), the President, in 
consultation with the Senior Advisor to the President for 
the Prevention of Nuclear Terrorism and relevant Federal 
departments and agencies, shall— 
(1) work with other countries and the Inter-
national Atomic Energy Agency to assist, and if nec-
essary convince, the governments of any and all 
countries in possession of nuclear weapons or for-
mula quantities of strategic special nuclear material 
to ensure that security is upgraded to meet the 
standard described in subsection (b) as rapidly as 
possible and in a manner that— 
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(A) accounts for the nature of the terrorist 
and criminal threat in each such country; and 
(B) ensures that any measures to which 
the United States and any such country agree 
are sustained after United States and other 
international assistance ends; 
(2) ensure that United States financial and 
technical assistance is available to countries for 
which the provision of such assistance would accel-
erate the implementation of, or improve the effec-
tiveness of, such security upgrades; and 
(3) work with the governments of other coun-
tries to ensure that effective nuclear security rules, 
accompanied by effective regulation and enforce-
ment, are put in place to govern all nuclear weapons 
and formula quantities of strategic special nuclear 
material around the world. 
SEC. 7. ANNUAL REPORT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than September 1 of 
each year, the President, in consultation with the Senior 
Advisor to the President for the Prevention of Nuclear 
Terrorism and relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
shall submit to Congress a report on the security of nu-
clear weapons, formula quantities of strategic special nu-
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clear material, radiological materials, and related equip-
ment worldwide. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report required under sub-
section (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A section on the programs for the security 
and accounting of nuclear weapons and the elimi-
nation, removal, and security and accounting of for-
mula quantities of strategic special nuclear material 
and radiological materials, established under section 
3132(b) of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005 (50 U.S.C. 
2569(b)), which shall include the following: 
(A) A survey of the facilities and sites 
worldwide that contain nuclear weapons or re-
lated equipment, formula quantities of strategic 
special nuclear material, or radiological mate-
rials. 
(B) A list of such facilities and sites deter-
mined to be of the highest priority for security 
and accounting of nuclear weapons and related 
equipment, or the elimination, removal, or secu-
rity and accounting of formula quantities of 
strategic special nuclear material and radio-
logical materials, taking into account risk of 
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theft from such facilities and sites, and orga-
nized by level of priority. 
(C) A prioritized diplomatic and technical 
plan, including measurable milestones, metrics, 
estimated timetables, and estimated costs of im-
plementation, on the following: 
(i) The security and accounting of nu-
clear weapons and related equipment and 
the elimination, removal, or security and 
accounting of formula quantities of stra-
tegic special nuclear material and radio-
logical materials at such facilities and sites 
worldwide. 
(ii) Ensuring that security upgrades 
and accounting reforms implemented at 
such facilities and sites worldwide using 
the financial and technical assistance of 
the United States are effectively sustained 
after such assistance ends. 
(D) An assessment of the progress made in 
implementing the plan described in subpara-
graph (C), including a description of the efforts 
of foreign governments to secure and account 
for nuclear weapons and related equipment and 
to eliminate, remove, or secure and account for 
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formula quantities of strategic special nuclear 
material and radiological materials. 
(2) A section on efforts to establish and imple-
ment the international nuclear security standard de-
scribed in section 6(b) and related policies. 
(c) FORM.—The report may be submitted in classi-
fied form but shall include a detailed unclassified sum-
mary. 
SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) REMOVAL OF HIGHLY ENRICHED URANIUM.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
of Energy for fiscal year 2008, $50,000,000— 
(1) to increase international participation in ef-
forts to convert nuclear facilities that operate using 
highly enriched uranium to operation using low en-
riched uranium; and 
(2) to remove highly enriched uranium from 
such facilities. 
(b) NATIONAL TECHNICAL NUCLEAR FORENSICS RE-
SEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for fiscal year 
2008, $40,000,000 for national technical nuclear forensics 
research and development efforts to further the capability 
to identify the origin of nuclear weapons and strategic spe-
cial nuclear material through signatures development, 
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knowledge base and data management, and collection and 
analysis capabilities. 
(c) OFFICE OF NUCLEAR SECURITY OF THE INTER-
NATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY.—There are author-
ized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for fiscal 
year 2008, $10,000,000 for the Office of Nuclear Security 
of the International Atomic Energy Agency to— 
(1) support the role of the Office in preventing 
nuclear terrorism, including managing the Illicit 
Trafficking Database; and 
(2) work with other countries on the establish-
ment and implementation of the international nu-
clear security standard described in section 6(b). 
(d) SECURITY UPGRADES.— 
(1) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to 
be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for fiscal 
year 2008, $100,000,000— 
(A) to provide for security and accounting 
upgrades at vulnerable facilities and sites 
worldwide that hold nuclear weapons, formula 
quantities of strategic special nuclear material, 
radiological materials, or related equipment; 
(B) to ensure that security upgrades al-
ready in place can be sustained by the govern-
ments of the countries in which such facilities 
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and sites are located and that organizations 
that manage and protect such facilities and 
sites build organizational cultures with a strong 
focus on security; and 
(C) to assist in the development and en-
forcement of nuclear security regulations by the 
governments of such countries. 
(2) CONDITION ON USE OF FUNDS.—None of 
the amount authorized to be appropriated by para-
graph (1) may be obligated or expended for the pur-
poses described in paragraph (1) until the President 
certifies to Congress that sufficient diplomatic 
progress has been made to enable security upgrades 
at additional vulnerable facilities worldwide that hold 
nuclear weapons, formula quantities of strategic spe-
cial nuclear material, radiological materials, or re-
lated equipment. 
(e) CONVERSION OF HIGHLY ENRICHED URANIUM.— 
(1) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to 
be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for fiscal 
year 2008, $200,000,000 to assist the Government 
of Russia in enhancing its capacity to convert highly 
enriched uranium into low enriched uranium to allow 
additional highly enriched uranium in Russia to be 
converted into low enriched uranium appropriate for 
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civil energy use and to increase the rate at which 
such conversion takes place. 
(2) CONDITION ON USE OF FUNDS.—None of 
the amount authorized to be appropriated by para-
graph (1) may be obligated or expended for the pur-
pose described in paragraph (1) until the President 
certifies to Congress that the Government of Russia 
acknowledges the need and demonstrates the willing-
ness to convert additional highly enriched uranium 
in excess of its national security needs to low en-
riched uranium appropriate for civil energy use. 
(f) SUPPLEMENT NOT SUPPLANT.—The amounts au-
thorized to be appropriated by subsections (a) through (e) 
for the purposes set forth in such subsections are in addi-
tion to any other amounts authorized to be appropriated 
for such purposes. 
Æ 
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