839 
may designate, shall seek to ensure the establish-
ment and implementation of adequate mechanisms 
to— 
(A) apply and enforce the criteria for de-
termination of eligible countries and qualifying 
activities under sections 444 and 445, respec-
tively; and 
(B) require public reporting describing the 
process and methodology for selecting the ulti-
mate recipients of assistance and a description 
of each activity that received assistance, includ-
ing the amount of obligations and expenditures 
for assistance. 
(4) BILATERAL ASSISTANCE.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Bilateral assistance 
under paragraph (1) shall be carried out by the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, in consultation with 
the interagency group. 
(B) LIMITATIONS.—Not more than 15 per-
cent of allowances made available to carry out 
bilateral assistance under this subtitle in any 
year shall be distributed to support activities in 
any single country. 
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(C) SELECTION CRITERIA.—Not later than 
2 years after the date of enactment of this sub-
title, the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development, after 
consultation with the interagency group, shall 
develop and publish a set of criteria to be used 
in evaluating activities within eligible countries 
for bilateral assistance under this subtitle. 
(D) CRITERIA REQUIREMENTS.—The cri-
teria under subparagraph (C) shall require 
that— 
(i) the activity is a qualifying activity; 
(ii) the activity will be conducted as 
part of an eligible country’s nationally ap-
propriate mitigation strategy or as part of 
an eligible country’s actions towards pro-
viding a nationally appropriate mitigation 
strategy to reduce, sequester, or avoid 
emissions being implemented by the eligi-
ble country; 
(iii) the activity will not have adverse 
effects on human health, safety, or welfare, 
the environment, or natural resources; 
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(iv) any technologies deployed through 
bilateral assistance under this subtitle will 
be properly implemented and maintained; 
(v) the activity will not cause any net 
loss of United States jobs or displacement 
of United States production; 
(vi) costs of the activity will be shared 
by the host country government, private 
sector parties, or a multinational develop-
ment bank, except that this clause does not 
apply to least developed countries; and 
(vii) the activity meets such other re-
quirements as the interagency group deter-
mines appropriate to further the purposes 
of this subtitle. 
(E) CRITERIA
PREFERENCES.—The cri-
teria under subparagraph (C) shall give pref-
erence to activities that— 
(i) promise to achieve large-scale 
greenhouse gas reductions, sequestration, 
or avoidance at a national, sectoral or 
cross-sectoral level; 
(ii) have the potential to catalyze a 
shift within the host country towards wide-
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spread deployment of low- or zero-carbon 
energy technologies; 
(iii) build technical and institutional 
capacity and other activities that are un-
likely to be attractive to private sector 
funding; or 
(iv) maximize opportunities to lever-
age other sources of assistance and cata-
lyze private-sector investment. 
(c) MONITORING, EVALUATION, 
AND
ENFORCE-
MENT.—The Secretary of State, or such other Federal 
agency head as the President may designate, in consulta-
tion with the interagency group, shall establish and imple-
ment a system to monitor and evaluate the performance 
of activities receiving assistance under this subtitle. The 
Secretary of State, or such other Federal agency head as 
the President may designate, shall have the authority to 
suspend or terminate assistance in whole or in part for 
an activity if it is determined that the activity is not oper-
ating in compliance with the approved proposal. 
(d) COORDINATION WITH U.S. FOREIGN ASSIST-
ANCE.—Subject to the direction of the President, the Sec-
retary of State shall, to the extent practicable, seek to 
align activities under this section with broader develop-
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ment, poverty alleviation, or natural resource management 
objectives and initiatives in the recipient country. 
(e) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Not later than March 1, 
2012, and annually thereafter, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the assistance provided under this subtitle during the prior 
fiscal year. Such report shall include— 
(1) a description of the amount and value of al-
lowances distributed during the prior fiscal year; 
(2) a description of each activity that received 
assistance during the prior fiscal year, and a de-
scription of the anticipated and actual outcomes; 
(3) an assessment of any adverse effects to 
human health, safety, or welfare, the environment, 
or natural resources as a result of activities sup-
ported under this subtitle; 
(4) an assessment of the success of the assist-
ance provided under this subtitle to improving the 
technical and institutional capacity to implement 
substantial emissions reductions; and 
(5) an estimate of the greenhouse gas emissions 
reductions, sequestration, or avoidance achieved by 
assistance provided under this subtitle during the 
prior fiscal year. 
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Subtitle E—Adapting to Climate 
Change 
PART 1—DOMESTIC ADAPTATION 
Subpart A—National Climate Change Adaptation 
Program 
SEC. 451. NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PRO-
GRAM. 
The President shall establish within the United 
States Global Change Research Program a National Cli-
mate Change Adaptation Program for the purpose of in-
creasing the overall effectiveness of Federal climate 
change adaptation efforts. 
SEC. 452. CLIMATE SERVICES. 
The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Ad-
ministrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration (NOAA), shall establish within NOAA a Na-
tional Climate Service to develop climate information, 
data, forecasts, and warnings at national and regional 
scales, and to distribute information related to climate im-
pacts to State, local, and tribal governments and the pub-
lic to facilitate the development and implementation of 
strategies to reduce society’s vulnerability to climate varia-
bility and change. 
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SEC. 453. STATE PROGRAMS TO BUILD RESILIENCE TO CLI-
MATE CHANGE IMPACTS. 
(a) DISTRIBUTION OF ALLOWANCES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than September 
30, 2012, and annually thereafter through 2050, the 
Administrator shall distribute allowances allocated 
for purposes of this subpart pursuant to section 
ø782¿ of the Clean Air Act ratably among the State 
governments based on the product of— 
(A) each State’s population; and 
(B) each State’s allocation factor as deter-
mined under paragraph (2). 
(2) STATE ALLOCATION FACTORS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), the allocation factor for a 
State shall be the quotient of— 
(i) the per capita income of all indi-
viduals in the United States, divided by 
(ii) the per capita income of all indi-
viduals in such State. 
(B) LIMITATION.—If the allocation factor 
for a State as calculated under subparagraph 
(A) would exceed 1.2, then the allocation factor 
for such State shall be 1.2. If the allocation fac-
tor for a State as calculated under subpara-
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graph (A) would be less than 0.8, then the allo-
cation factor for such State shall be 0.8. 
(C) PER CAPITA INCOME.—For purposes 
of this paragraph, per capita income shall be— 
(i) determined at 2-year intervals; and 
(ii) equal to the average of the annual 
per capita incomes for the most recent pe-
riod of 3 consecutive years for which satis-
factory data are available from the Depart-
ment of Commerce at the time such deter-
mination is made. 
(b) SALE OF ALLOWANCES.—Each State receiving 
emission allowances under this section shall sell such al-
lowances within 1 year of receipt, either directly or 
through consignment to the Administrator for auction. 
States shall deposit the proceeds of such sales within the 
State Energy and Environment Development (SEED) 
Fund established pursuant to section 131 of the American 
Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009. Emission allow-
ances distributed under this section that are not sold with-
in 1 year of receipt by a State shall be returned to the 
Administrator, who shall distribute such allowances to the 
remaining States ratably in accordance with the formula 
in subsection (a). 
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(c) USE OF PROCEEDS.—States shall, in accordance 
with a State climate adaptation plan approved pursuant 
to subsection (d), use the proceeds of sales of emission 
allowances distributed under this section exclusively for 
the implementation of projects, programs, or measures to 
build resilience to the impacts of climate change, includ-
ing— 
(1) extreme weather events such as flooding 
and tropical cyclones; 
(2) more frequent heavy precipitation events; 
(3) water scarcity and adverse impacts on water 
quality; 
(4) stronger and longer heat waves; 
(5) more frequent and severe droughts; 
(6) rises in sea level; 
(7) ecosystem disruption; 
(8) increased air pollution; and 
(9) effects on public health. 
(d) STATE CLIMATE ADAPTATION PLANS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, 
or such other Federal agency head or heads as the 
President may designate, shall promulgate regula-
tions establishing requirements for submission and 
approval of State climate adaptation plans under 
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this section. Receipt of emission allowances pursuant 
to this section shall be contingent on approval of a 
State climate adaptation plan meeting the require-
ments of such guidelines. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—Regulations promulgated 
under this subsection shall require, at minimum, 
that— 
(A) State climate adaptation plans assess 
and prioritize the State’s vulnerability to a 
broad range of impacts of climate change, based 
on the best available science; 
(B) State climate adaptation plans identify 
and prioritize specific cost-effective projects, 
programs, and measures to build resilience to 
predicted impacts of climate change; and 
(C) in order to be eligible to receive emis-
sion allowances under this section, a State shall 
submit a revised State climate adaptation plan 
for approval not less frequently than every 5 
years. 
(3) COORDINATION WITH PRIOR PLANNING EF-
FORTS.—In promulgating regulations under this 
subsection, the Administrator, or such other Federal 
agency head or heads as the President may des-
ignate, shall draw upon lessons learned and best 
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practices from preexisting State climate adaptation 
planning efforts and shall seek to avoid duplication 
of such efforts. 
(e) REPORTING.—Each State receiving emission al-
lowances under this section shall submit to the Adminis-
trator, or such other Federal agency head or heads as the 
President may designate, within 12 months after each re-
ceipt of such allowances and once every 2 years thereafter 
until the proceeds from the sale of emission allowances 
received under this section are fully expended, a report 
that— 
(1) provides a full accounting for the State’s 
use of proceeds of sales of emission allowances dis-
tributed under this section, including a description 
of the projects, programs, or measures funded 
through such proceeds; and 
(2) includes a report prepared by an inde-
pendent third party, in accordance with such regula-
tions as are promulgated by the Administrator or 
such other Federal agency head or heads as the 
President may designate, evaluating the performance 
of the projects, programs, or measures funded under 
this section. 
(f) ENFORCEMENT.—If the Administrator, or such 
other Federal agency head or heads as the President may 
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designate, determines that a State is not in compliance 
with this section, the Administrator may withhold a por-
tion of the allowances, the value of which is equal to up 
to twice the value of the allowances that the State failed 
to use in accordance with the requirements of this section, 
that such State would otherwise be eligible to receive 
under this section in 1 or more later years. Allowances 
withheld pursuant to this subsection shall be distributed 
among the remaining States ratably in accordance with 
the formula in subsection (a). 
Subpart B—Public Health and Climate Change 
SEC. 461. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND 
CLIMATE CHANGE. 
It is the sense of the Congress that the Federal Gov-
ernment, in cooperation with international, State, tribal, 
and local governments, concerned public and private orga-
nizations, and citizens, should use all practicable means 
and measures— 
(1) to assist the efforts of public health and 
health care professionals, first responders, States, 
tribes, municipalities, and local communities to in-
corporate measures to prepare health systems to re-
spond to the impacts of climate change; 
(2) to ensure— 
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(A) that the Nation’s health professionals 
have sufficient information to prepare for and 
respond to the adverse health impacts of cli-
mate change; 
(B) the utility and value of scientific re-
search in advancing understanding of— 
(i) the health impacts of climate 
change; and 
(ii) strategies to prepare for and re-
spond to the health impacts of climate 
change; 
(C) the identification of communities vul-
nerable to the health effects of climate change 
and the development of strategic response plans 
to be carried out by health professionals for 
those communities; 
(D) the improvement of health status and 
health equity through efforts to prepare for and 
respond to climate change; and 
(E) the inclusion of health policy in the de-
velopment of climate change responses; 
(3) to encourage further research, interdiscipli-
nary partnership, and collaboration among stake-
holders in order to— 
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(A) understand and monitor the health im-
pacts of climate change; and 
(B) improve public health knowledge and 
response strategies to climate change; 
(4) to enhance preparedness activities, and pub-
lic health infrastructure, relating to climate change 
and health; 
(5) to encourage each and every American to 
learn about the impacts of climate change on health; 
and 
(6) to assist the efforts of developing nations to 
incorporate measures to prepare health systems to 
respond to the impacts of climate change. 
SEC. 462. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS. 
Nothing in this subpart in any manner limits the au-
thority provided to or responsibility conferred on any Fed-
eral department or agency by any provision of any law 
(including regulations) or authorizes any violation of any 
provision of any law (including regulations), including any 
health, energy, environmental, transportation, or any 
other law or regulation. 
SEC. 463. NATIONAL STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, within 2 years after the date of the 
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enactment of this Act, on the basis of the best avail-
able science, and in consultation pursuant to para-
graph (2), shall publish a strategic action plan to as-
sist health professionals in preparing for and re-
sponding to the impacts of climate change on public 
health in the United States and other nations, par-
ticularly developing nations. 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing or making 
any revision to the national strategic action plan, the 
Secretary shall— 
(A) consult with the Director of the Cen-
ters for Disease Control and Prevention, the 
Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
Agency, the Director of the National Institutes 
of Health, the Secretary of Energy, other ap-
propriate Federal agencies, Indian tribes, State 
and local governments, public health organiza-
tions, scientists, and other interested stake-
holders; and 
(B) provide opportunity for public input. 
(b) CONTENTS.— 
(1) 
IN
GENERAL.—The 
Secretary, 
acting 
through the Director of the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention and other appropriate Fed-
eral agencies, shall assist health professionals in pre-
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paring for and responding effectively and efficiently 
to the health effects of climate change through 
measures including— 
(A) developing, improving, integrating, and 
maintaining domestic and international disease 
surveillance systems and monitoring capacity to 
respond to health-related effects of climate 
change, including on topics addressing— 
(i) water, food, and vector borne infec-
tious diseases and climate change; 
(ii) pulmonary effects, including re-
sponses to aeroallergens; 
(iii) cardiovascular effects, including 
impacts of temperature extremes; 
(iv) air pollution health effects, includ-
ing heightened sensitivity to air pollution; 
(v) hazardous algal blooms; 
(vi) mental and behavioral health im-
pacts of climate change; 
(vii) the health of refugees, displaced 
persons, and vulnerable communities; 
(viii) the implications for communities 
vulnerable to health effects of climate 
change, as well as strategies for responding 
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to climate change within these commu-
nities; and 
(ix) local and community-based health 
interventions for climate-related health im-
pacts; 
(B) creating tools for predicting and moni-
toring the public health effects of climate 
change on the international, national, regional, 
State, and local levels, and providing technical 
support to assist in their implementation; 
(C) developing public health communica-
tions strategies and interventions for extreme 
weather events and disaster response situations; 
(D) identifying and prioritizing commu-
nities and populations vulnerable to the health 
effects of climate change, and determining ac-
tions and communication strategies that should 
be taken to inform and protect these commu-
nities and populations from the health effects of 
climate change; 
(E) developing health communication, pub-
lic education, and outreach programs aimed at 
public health and health care professionals, as 
well as the general public, to promote prepared-
ness and response strategies relating to climate 
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change and public health, including the identi-
fication of greenhouse gas reduction behaviors 
that are health-promoting; 
(F) developing academic and regional cen-
ters of excellence devoted to— 
(i) researching relationships between 
climate change and health; 
(ii) expanding and training the public 
health workforce to strengthen the capacity 
of such workforce to respond to and pre-
pare for the health effects of climate 
change; 
(iii) creating and supporting academic 
fellowships focusing on the health effects 
of climate change; and 
(iv) training senior health ministry of-
ficials from developing nations to strength-
en the capacity of such nations to— 
(I) prepare for and respond to 
the health effects of climate change; 
and 
(II) build an international net-
work of public health professionals 
with the necessary climate change 
knowledge base; 
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climate change impacts that affect public 
health; and 
(iii) coordinate preparedness for cli-
mate change health impacts, including the 
development of modeling and forecasting 
tools; 
(J) providing technical assistance for the 
development, implementation, and support of 
preparedness and response plans to anticipate 
and reduce the health threats of climate change 
in developing nations; and 
(K) carrying out other activities deter-
mined appropriate by the Secretary to plan for 
and respond to the impacts of climate change 
on public health. 
(c) REVISION.—The Secretary shall revise the na-
tional strategic action plan not later than July 1, 2014, 
and every 4 years thereafter, to reflect new information 
collected pursuant to implementation of the national stra-
tegic action plan and otherwise, including information 
on— 
(1) the status of critical environmental health 
parameters and related human health impacts; 
(2) the impacts of climate change on public 
health; and 
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(3) advances in the development of strategies 
for preparing for and responding to the impacts of 
climate change on public health. 
(d) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
(1) IMPLEMENTATION
THROUGH
HHS.—The 
Secretary shall exercise the Secretary’s authority 
under this subpart and other provisions of Federal 
law to achieve the goals and measures of the na-
tional strategic action plan. 
(2) OTHER
PUBLIC
HEALTH
PROGRAMS
AND 
INITIATIVES.—The Secretary and Federal officials of 
other relevant Federal agencies shall administer 
public health programs and initiatives authorized by 
provisions of law other than this subpart, subject to 
the requirements of such statutes, in a manner de-
signed to achieve the goals of the national strategic 
action plan. 
(3) CDC.—In furtherance of the national stra-
tegic action plan, the Secretary, acting through the 
Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention and the head of any other appropriate Fed-
eral agency, shall— 
(A) conduct scientific research to assist 
health professionals in preparing for and re-
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sponding to the impacts of climate change on 
public health; 
(B) provide funding for— 
(i) research on the health effects of 
climate change; and 
(ii) preparedness planning on the 
international, national, State, regional, and 
local levels to respond to or reduce the bur-
den of health effects of climate change; 
and 
(C) carry out other activities determined 
appropriate by the Director or the head of such 
agency to prepare for and respond to the im-
pacts of climate change on public health. 
SEC. 464. ADVISORY BOARD. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish 
a permanent science advisory board comprised of not less 
than 10 and not more than 20 members. 
(b) APPOINTMENT
OF MEMBERS.—The Secretary 
shall appoint the members of the science advisory board 
from among individuals— 
(1) who have expertise in public health and 
human services, climate change, and other relevant 
disciplines; and 
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(2) at least 1⁄2 of whom are recommended by 
the President of the National Academy of Sciences. 
(c) FUNCTIONS.—The science advisory board shall— 
(1) provide scientific and technical advice and 
recommendations to the Secretary on the domestic 
and international impacts of climate change on pub-
lic health, populations and regions particularly vul-
nerable to the effects of climate change, and strate-
gies and mechanisms to prepare for and respond to 
the impacts of climate change on public health; and 
(2) advise the Secretary regarding the best 
science available for purposes of issuing the national 
strategic action plan. 
SEC. 465. REPORTS. 
(a) NEEDS ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall seek to 
enter into, by not later than 6 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, an agreement with the 
National Research Council and the Institute of Med-
icine to complete a report that— 
(A) assesses the needs for health profes-
sionals to prepare for and respond to climate 
change impacts on public health; and 
(B) recommends programs to meet those 
needs. 
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(2) SUBMISSION.—The agreement under para-
graph (1) shall require the completed report to be 
submitted to the Congress and the Secretary and 
made publicly available not later than 1 year after 
the date of the agreement. 
(b) CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH PROTECTION AND 
PROMOTION REPORTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consulta-
tion with the advisory board established under sec-
tion 464, shall ensure the issuance of reports to aid 
health professionals in preparing for and responding 
to the adverse health effects of climate change 
that— 
(A) review scientific developments on 
health impacts of climate change; and 
(B) recommend changes to the national 
strategic action plan. 
(2) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary shall submit 
the reports required by paragraph (1) to the Con-
gress and make such reports publicly available not 
later than July 1, 2013, and every 4 years there-
after. 
SEC. 466. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subpart: 
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(1) HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT.—The term 
‘‘health impact assessment’’ means a combination of 
procedures, methods, and tools by which a policy, 
program, or project may be judged as to its potential 
effects on the health of a population, and the dis-
tribution of those effects within the population. 
(2) NATIONAL STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN.—The 
term ‘‘national strategic action plan’’ means the 
plan issued and revised under section 463. 
(3) SECRETARY.—Unless otherwise specified, 
the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services. 
SEC. 467. CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH PROTECTION AND 
PROMOTION FUND. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND.—There is hereby es-
tablished in the Treasury a separate account that shall 
be known as the Climate Change Health Protection and 
Promotion Fund. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF AMOUNTS.—All amounts de-
posited into the Climate Change Health Protection and 
Promotion Fund shall be available to the Secretary to 
carry out this subpart subject to further appropriation. 
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS BY HHS.—In carrying 
out this subpart, the Secretary may make funds deposited 
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in the Climate Change Health Protection and Promotion 
Fund available to— 
(1) other departments, agencies, and offices of 
the Federal Government; 
(2) foreign, State, tribal, and local govern-
ments; and 
(3) such other entities as the Secretary deter-
mines appropriate. 
(d) SUPPLEMENT, NOT REPLACE.—It is the intent 
of Congress that funds made available to carry out this 
subpart should be used to supplement, and not replace, 
existing sources of funding for public health. 
Subpart C—Natural Resource Adaptation 
SEC. 471. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this subpart are to— 
(1) establish an integrated Federal program to 
protect, restore, and conserve the Nation’s natural 
resources in response to the threats of climate 
change and ocean acidification; and 
(2) provide financial support and incentives for 
programs, strategies, and activities that protect, re-
store, and conserve the Nation’s natural resources in 
response to the threats of climate change and ocean 
acidification. 
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SEC. 472. NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAP-
TATION POLICY. 
It is the policy of the Federal Government, in co-
operation with State and local governments, Indian tribes, 
and other interested stakeholders to use all practicable 
means and measures to protect, restore, and conserve nat-
ural resources to enable them to become more resilient, 
adapt to, and withstand the impacts of climate change and 
ocean acidification. 
SEC. 473. DEFINITIONS. 
In this subpart: 
(1) 
COASTAL
STATE.—The 
term 
‘‘coastal 
State’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
304 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 
(16 U.S.C. 1453). 
(2) CORRIDORS.—The term ‘‘corridors’’ means 
areas that provide connectivity, over different time 
scales (including seasonal or longer), of habitat or 
potential habitat and that facilitate the ability of ter-
restrial, marine, estuarine, and freshwater fish, wild-
life, or plants to move within a landscape as needed 
for migration, gene flow, or dispersal, or in response 
to the impacts of climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion or other impacts. 
(3) ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES.—The term ‘‘eco-
logical processes’’ means biological, chemical, or 
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physical interaction between the biotic and abiotic 
components of an ecosystem and includes— 
(A) nutrient cycling; 
(B) pollination; 
(C) predator-prey relationships; 
(D) soil formation; 
(E) gene flow; 
(F) disease epizootiology; 
(G) larval dispersal and settlement; 
(H) hydrological cycling; 
(I) decomposition; and 
(J) disturbance regimes such as fire and 
flooding. 
(4) HABITAT.—The term ‘‘habitat’’ means the 
physical, chemical, and biological properties that are 
used by fish, wildlife, or plants for growth, reproduc-
tion, survival, food, water, and cover, on a tract of 
land, in a body of water, or in an area or region. 
(5) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act (25 U.S.C. 450b). 
(6) NATURAL RESOURCES.—The term ‘‘natural 
resources’’ means the terrestrial, freshwater, estua-
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rine, and marine fish, wildlife, plants, land, water, 
habitats, and ecosystems of the United States. 
(7) NATURAL
RESOURCES
ADAPTATION.—The 
term ‘‘natural resources adaptation’’ means the pro-
tection, restoration, and conservation of natural re-
sources to enable them to become more resilient, 
adapt to, and withstand the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification. 
(8) RESILIENCE.—Each of the terms ‘‘resil-
ience’’ and ‘‘resilient’’ means the ability to resist or 
recover from disturbance and preserve diversity, pro-
ductivity, and sustainability. 
(9) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means— 
(A) a State of the United States; 
(B) the District of Columbia; and 
(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, 
Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, the 
Northern Mariana Islands, and American 
Samoa. 
SEC. 474. COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY. 
The Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality 
shall— 
(1) advise the President on implementation and 
development of— 
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(A) a Natural Resources Climate Change 
Adaptation Strategy required under section 
476; and 
(B) Federal natural resource agency adap-
tation plans required under section 478; 
(2) serve as the Chair of the Natural Resources 
Climate Change Adaptation Panel established under 
section 475; and 
(3) coordinate Federal agency strategies, plans, 
programs, and activities related to protecting, restor-
ing, and maintaining natural resources to become 
more resilient, adapt to, and withstand the impacts 
of climate change and ocean acidification. 
SEC. 475. NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAP-
TATION PANEL. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this subpart, the President 
shall establish a Natural Resources Climate Change Adap-
tation Panel, consisting of— 
(1) the head, or their designee, of each of— 
(A) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration; 
(B) the Forest Service; 
(C) the National Park Service; 
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(D) the United States Fish and Wildlife 
Service; 
(E) the Bureau of Land Management; 
(F) the United States Geological Survey; 
(G) the Bureau of Reclamation; 
(H) the Bureau of Indian Affairs; 
(I) the Environmental Protection Agency; 
and 
(J) the Army Corps of Engineers; 
(2) the Chair of the Council on Environmental 
Quality; and 
(3) the heads of such other Federal agencies or 
departments with jurisdiction over natural resources 
of the United States, as determined by the Presi-
dent. 
(b) FUNCTIONS.—The Panel shall serve as a forum 
for interagency consultation on and the coordination of the 
development and implementation of a national Natural 
Resources Climate Change Adaptation Strategy required 
under section 476. 
(c) CHAIR.—The Chair of the Council on Environ-
mental Quality shall serve as the Chair of the Panel. 
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SEC. 476. NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAP-
TATION STRATEGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this subpart, the President, 
through the Natural Resources Climate Change Adapta-
tion Panel established under section 475, shall develop a 
Natural Resources Climate Change Adaptation Strategy 
to protect, restore, and conserve natural resources to en-
able them to become more resilient, adapt to, and with-
stand the impacts of climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion and to identify opportunities to mitigate those im-
pacts. 
(b) DEVELOPMENT AND REVISION.—In developing 
and revising the Strategy, the Panel shall— 
(1) base the strategy on the best available 
science; 
(2) develop the strategy in close cooperation 
with States and Indian tribes; 
(3) coordinate with other Federal agencies as 
appropriate; 
(4) consult with local governments, conservation 
organizations, scientists, and other interested stake-
holders; 
(5) provide public notice and opportunity for 
comment; and 
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(6) review and revise the Strategy every 5 years 
to incorporate new information regarding the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification on 
natural resources and advances in the development 
of strategies for becoming more resilient and adapt-
ing to those impacts. 
(c) CONTENTS.—The National Resources Adaptation 
Strategy shall include— 
(1) an assessment of the vulnerability of nat-
ural resources to climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion, including the short-term, medium-term, long- 
term, cumulative, and synergistic impacts; 
(2) a description of current research, observa-
tion, and monitoring activities at the Federal, State, 
tribal, and local level related to the impacts of cli-
mate change and ocean acidification on natural re-
sources, as well as identification of research and 
data needs and priorities; 
(3) identification of natural resources that are 
likely to have the greatest need for protection, res-
toration, and conservation because of the adverse ef-
fects of climate change and ocean acidification; 
(4) specific protocols for integrating climate 
change and ocean acidification adaptation strategies 
and activities into the conservation and management 
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of natural resources by Federal departments and 
agencies to ensure consistency across agency juris-
dictions and resources; 
(5) specific actions that Federal departments 
and agencies shall take to protect, conserve, and re-
store natural resources to become more resilient, 
adapt to, and withstand the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification, including a timeline 
to implement those actions; 
(6) specific mechanisms for ensuring commu-
nication and coordination among Federal depart-
ments and agencies, and between Federal depart-
ments and agencies and State natural resource agen-
cies, United States territories, Indian tribes, private 
landowners, conservation organizations, and other 
nations that share jurisdiction over natural resources 
with the United States; 
(7) specific actions to develop and implement 
consistent natural resources inventory and moni-
toring protocols through interagency coordination 
and collaboration; and 
(8) a process for guiding the development of de-
tailed agency- and department-specific adaptation 
plans required under section 478 to address the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification on 
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the natural resources in the jurisdiction of each 
agency. 
(d) IMPLEMENTATION.—Consistent with its authori-
ties under other laws and with Federal trust responsibil-
ities with respect to Indian lands, each Federal depart-
ment or agency with representation on the National Re-
sources Climate Change Adaptation Panel shall consider 
the impacts of climate change and ocean acidification and 
integrate the elements of the strategy into agency plans, 
environmental reviews, programs, and activities related to 
the conservation, restoration, and management of natural 
resources. 
SEC. 477. NATURAL RESOURCES ADAPTATION SCIENCE 
AND INFORMATION. 
(a) COORDINATION.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this subpart, the Secretary 
of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the Na-
tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the 
Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of 
the United States Geological Survey, shall establish a co-
ordinated process for developing and providing science and 
information needed to assess and address the impacts of 
climate change and ocean acidification on natural re-
sources. The process shall be led by the National Climate 
Change and Wildlife Science Center established within the 
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United States Geological Survey under subsection (d) and 
the National Climate Service of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration. 
(b) FUNCTIONS.—The Secretaries shall ensure that 
such process avoids duplication and that the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration and the United 
States Geological Survey shall— 
(1) provide technical assistance to Federal de-
partments and agencies, State and local govern-
ments, Indian tribes, and interested private land-
owners in their efforts to assess and address the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification on 
natural resources; 
(2) conduct and sponsor research and provide 
Federal departments and agencies, State and local 
governments, Indian tribes, and interested private 
landowners with research products, decision and 
monitoring tools and information, to develop strate-
gies for assisting natural resources to become more 
resilient, adapt to, and withstand the impacts of cli-
mate change and ocean acidification; and 
(3) assist Federal departments and agencies in 
the development of the adaptation plans required 
under section 478. 
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(c) SURVEY.—Not later than one year after the date 
of enactment of this subpart and every 5 years thereafter, 
the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Inte-
rior shall undertake a climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion impact survey that— 
(1) identifies natural resources considered likely 
to be adversely affected by climate change and ocean 
acidification; 
(2) includes baseline monitoring and ongoing 
trend analysis; 
(3) uses a stakeholder process to identify and 
prioritize needed monitoring and research that is of 
greatest relevance to the ongoing needs of natural 
resource managers to address the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification; and 
(4) identifies decision tools necessary to develop 
strategies for assisting natural resources to become 
more resilient and adapt to and withstand the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification. 
(d) NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
AND WILDLIFE 
SCIENCE CENTER.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of the In-
terior shall establish the National Climate Change 
and Wildlife Science Center within the United States 
Geological Survey. 
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(2) FUNCTIONS.—The Center shall, in collabo-
ration with Federal and State natural resources 
agencies and departments, Indian tribes, univer-
sities, and other partner organizations— 
(A) assess and synthesize current physical 
and biological knowledge and prioritize sci-
entific gaps in such knowledge in order to fore-
cast the ecological impacts of climate change on 
fish and wildlife at the ecosystem, habitat, com-
munity, population, and species levels; 
(B) develop and improve tools to identify, 
evaluate, and, where appropriate, link scientific 
approaches and models for forecasting the im-
pacts of climate change and adaptation on fish, 
wildlife, plants, and their habitats, including 
monitoring, predictive models, vulnerability 
analyses, risk assessments, and decision support 
systems to help managers make informed deci-
sions; 
(C) develop and evaluate tools to adapt-
ively manage and monitor the effects of climate 
change on fish and wildlife at national, regional, 
and local scales; and 
(D) develop capacities for sharing stand-
ardized data and the synthesis of such data. 
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(e) SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this subpart, the Sec-
retary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Inte-
rior shall establish and appoint the members of a 
Science Advisory Board, to be comprised of not 
fewer than 10 and not more than 20 members— 
(A) who have expertise in fish, wildlife, 
plant, aquatic, and coastal and marine biology, 
ecology, climate change, ocean acidification, and 
other relevant scientific disciplines; 
(B) who represent a balanced membership 
among Federal, State, Indian tribes, and local 
representatives, universities, and conservation 
organizations; and 
(C) at least 1⁄2 of whom are recommended 
by the President of the National Academy of 
Sciences. 
(2) DUTIES.—The Science Advisory Board 
shall— 
(A) advise the Secretaries on the state-of- 
the-science regarding the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification on natural re-
sources and scientific strategies and mecha-
nisms for protecting, restoring, and conserving 
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natural resources to enable them to become 
more resilient, adapt to, and withstand the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification; 
and 
(B) identify and recommend priorities for 
ongoing research needs on such issues. 
(3) COLLABORATION.—The Science Advisory 
Board shall collaborate with other climate change 
and ecosystem research entities in other Federal 
agencies and departments. 
(4) AVAILABILITY TO THE PUBLIC.—The advice 
and recommendations of the Science Advisory Board 
shall be made available to the public. 
SEC. 478. FEDERAL NATURAL RESOURCE AGENCY ADAPTA-
TION PLANS. 
(a) DEVELOPMENT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the development of a Natural Resources Climate 
Change Adaptation Strategy under section 476, each de-
partment or agency that has a representative on the Nat-
ural Resources Climate Change Adaptation Panel estab-
lished under section 475 shall— 
(1) complete an adaptation plan for that de-
partment or agency, respectively, implementing the 
Natural Resources Climate Change Adaptation 
Strategy under section 476 and consistent with the 
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Natural Resources Climate Change Adaptation Pol-
icy under section 472, detailing the department’s or 
agency’s current and projected efforts to address the 
potential impacts of climate change and ocean acidi-
fication on natural resources within the depart-
ment’s or agency’s jurisdiction and necessary addi-
tional actions, including a timeline for implementa-
tion of those actions; 
(2) provide opportunities for review and com-
ment on that adaptation plan by the public, includ-
ing in the case of a plan by the Bureau of Indian 
Affairs, review by Indian tribes; and 
(3) submit such plan to the President for ap-
proval. 
(b) REVIEW BY PRESIDENT AND SUBMISSION TO 
CONGRESS.— 
(1) REVIEW
BY
PRESIDENT.—The President 
shall— 
(A) approve an adaptation plan submitted 
under subsection (a)(3) if the plan meets the 
requirements of subsection (c) and is consistent 
with the strategy developed under section 476; 
(B) decide whether to approve the plan 
within 60 days after submission; and 
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(C) if the President disapproves a plan, di-
rect the department or agency to submit a re-
vised plan to the President under subsection 
(a)(3) within 60 days after such disapproval. 
(2) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 
30 days after the date of approval of such adapta-
tion plan by the President, the department or agen-
cy shall submit the approved plan to the Committee 
on Natural Resources of the House of Representa-
tives, the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
sources of the Senate, and the committees of the 
House of Representatives and the Senate with prin-
cipal jurisdiction over the department or agency. 
(c) REQUIREMENTS.—Each adaptation plan shall— 
(1) establish programs for assessing the current 
and future impacts of climate change and ocean 
acidification on natural resources within the depart-
ment’s or agency’s, respectively, jurisdiction, includ-
ing cumulative and synergistic effects, and for iden-
tifying and monitoring those natural resources that 
are likely to be adversely affected and that have 
need for conservation; 
(2) identify and prioritize the department’s or 
agency’s strategies and specific conservation actions 
to address the current and future impacts of climate 
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change and ocean acidification on natural resources 
within the scope of the department’s or agency’s ju-
risdiction and to develop and implement strategies to 
protect, restore, and conserve such resources to be-
come more resilient, adapt to, and better withstand 
those impacts, including— 
(A) the protection, restoration, and con-
servation of terrestrial, marine, estuarine, and 
freshwater habitats and ecosystems; 
(B) the establishment of terrestrial, ma-
rine, estuarine, and freshwater habitat linkages 
and corridors; 
(C) the restoration and conservation of ec-
ological processes; 
(D) the protection of a broad diversity of 
native species of fish, wildlife, and plant popu-
lations across their range; and 
(E) the protection of fish, wildlife, and 
plant health, recognizing that climate can alter 
the distribution and ecology of parasites, patho-
gens, and vectors; 
(3) describe how the department or agency will 
integrate such strategies and conservation activities 
into plans, programs, activities, and actions of the 
department or agency, related to the conservation 
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and management of natural resources and establish 
new plans, programs, activities, and actions as nec-
essary; 
(4) establish methods for assessing the effec-
tiveness of strategies and conservation actions taken 
to protect, restore, and conserve natural resources to 
enable them to become more resilient, adapt to, and 
withstand the impacts of climate change and ocean 
acidification, and for updating those strategies and 
actions to respond to new information and changing 
conditions; 
(5) include a description of current and pro-
posed mechanisms to enhance cooperation and co-
ordination of natural resources adaptation efforts 
with other Federal agencies, State and local govern-
ments, Indian tribes, and nongovernmental stake-
holders; 
(6) include specific written guidance to resource 
managers to— 
(A) explain how managers are expected to 
address the effects of climate change and ocean 
acidification; 
(B) identify how managers are to obtain 
any site-specific information that may be nec-
essary; and 
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(C) reflect best practices shared among rel-
evant agencies, while also recognizing the 
unique missions, objectives, and responsibilities 
of each agency; and 
(7) identify and assess data and information 
gaps necessary to develop natural resources adapta-
tion plans and strategies. 
(d) IMPLEMENTATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Upon approval by the Presi-
dent, each department or agency that serves on the 
Natural Resources Climate Change Adaptation 
Panel shall implement its adaptation plan through 
existing and new plans, policies, programs, activities, 
and actions to the extent not inconsistent with exist-
ing authority. 
(2) CONSIDERATION OF IMPACTS.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—To the maximum ex-
tent practicable and consistent with applicable 
law, every natural resource management deci-
sion made by the department or agency shall 
consider the impacts of climate change and 
ocean acidification on those natural resources. 
(B) GUIDANCE.—The Council on Environ-
mental Quality shall issue guidance for Federal 
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departments and agencies for considering those 
impacts. 
(e) REVISION AND REVIEW.—Not less than every 5 
years, each adaptation plan under this section shall be re-
viewed and revised to incorporate the best available science 
and other information regarding the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification on natural resources. 
SEC. 
479. 
STATE 
NATURAL 
RESOURCES 
ADAPTATION 
PLANS. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—In order to be eligible for funds 
under section 480, not later than 1 year after the develop-
ment of a Natural Resources Climate Change Adaptation 
Strategy required under section 476 each State shall pre-
pare a State natural resources adaptation plan detailing 
the State’s current and projected efforts to address the 
potential impacts of climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion on natural resources and coastal areas within the 
State’s jurisdiction. 
(b) REVIEW OR APPROVAL.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State adaptation plan 
shall be reviewed and approved or disapproved by 
the Secretary of the Interior and, as applicable, the 
Secretary of Commerce. Such approval shall be 
granted if the plan meets the requirements of sub-
section (c) and is consistent with the Natural Re-
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sources Climate Change Adaptation Strategy re-
quired under section 476. 
(2) APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL.—Within 180 
days after transmittal of such a plan, or a revision 
to such a plan, the Secretary of the Interior and, as 
applicable, the Secretary of Commerce shall approve 
or disapprove the plan by written notice. 
(3) RESUBMITTAL.—Within 90 days after 
transmittal of a resubmitted adaptation plan as a re-
sult of disapproval under paragraph (3), the Sec-
retary of the Interior and, as applicable, the Sec-
retary of Commerce, shall approve or disapprove the 
plan by written notice. 
(c) CONTENTS.—A State natural resources adapta-
tion plan shall— 
(1) include a strategy for addressing the im-
pacts of climate change and ocean acidification on 
terrestrial, marine, estuarine, and freshwater fish, 
wildlife, plants, habitats, ecosystems, wildlife health, 
and ecological processes, that— 
(A) describes the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification on the diversity 
and health of the fish, wildlife and plant popu-
lations, habitats, ecosystems, and associated ec-
ological processes; 
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(B) establishes programs for monitoring 
the impacts of climate change and ocean acidifi-
cation on fish, wildlife, and plant populations, 
habitats, ecosystems, and associated ecological 
processes; 
(C) describes and prioritizes proposed con-
servation actions to assist fish, wildlife, plant 
populations, habitats, ecosystems, and associ-
ated ecological processes in becoming more re-
silient, adapting to, and better withstanding 
those impacts; 
(D) includes strategies, specific conserva-
tion actions, and a time frame for implementing 
conservation actions for fish, wildlife, and plant 
populations, habitats, ecosystems, and associ-
ated ecological processes; 
(E) establishes methods for assessing the 
effectiveness of strategies and conservation ac-
tions taken to assist fish, wildlife, and plant 
populations, habitats, ecosystems, and associ-
ated ecological processes in becoming more re-
silient, adapt to, and better withstand the im-
pacts of climate changes and ocean acidification 
and for updating those strategies and actions to 
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respond appropriately to new information or 
changing conditions; 
(F) is incorporated into a revision of the 
State wildlife action plan (also known as the 
State comprehensive wildlife strategy)— 
(i) that has been submitted to the 
United States Fish and Wildlife Service; 
and 
(ii) that has been approved by the 
Service or on which a decision on approval 
is pending; and 
(G) is developed— 
(i) with the participation of the State 
fish and wildlife agency, the State coastal 
agency, the State agency responsible for 
administration of Land and Water Con-
servation Fund grants, the State Forest 
Legacy program coordinator, and other 
State agencies considered appropriate by 
the Governor of such State; and 
(ii) in coordination with the Secretary 
of the Interior, and where applicable, the 
Secretary of Commerce and other States 
that share jurisdiction over natural re-
sources with the State; and 
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888 
(2) include, in the case of a coastal State, a 
strategy for addressing the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification on the coastal zone 
that— 
(A) identifies natural resources that are 
likely to be impacted by climate change and 
ocean acidification and describes those impacts; 
(B) identifies and prioritizes continuing re-
search and data collection needed to address 
those impacts including— 
(i) acquisition of high resolution 
coastal elevation and nearshore bathymetry 
data; 
(ii) historic shoreline position maps, 
erosion rates, and inventories of shoreline 
features and structures; 
(iii) measures and models of relative 
rates of sea level rise or lake level changes, 
including effects on flooding, storm surge, 
inundation, and coastal geological proc-
esses; 
(iv) habitat loss, including projected 
losses of coastal wetlands and potentials 
for inland migration of natural shoreline 
habitats; 
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(v) ocean and coastal species and eco-
system migrations, and changes in species 
population dynamics; 
(vi) changes in storm frequency, in-
tensity, or rainfall patterns; 
(vii) saltwater intrusion into coastal 
rivers and aquifers; 
(viii) changes in chemical or physical 
characteristics of marine and estuarine 
systems; 
(ix) increased harmful algal blooms; 
and 
(x) spread of invasive species; 
(C) identifies and prioritizes adaptation 
strategies to protect, restore, and conserve nat-
ural resources to enable them to become more 
resilient, adapt to, and withstand the impacts of 
climate change and ocean acidification, includ-
ing— 
(i) protection, maintenance, and res-
toration of ecologically important coastal 
lands, coastal and ocean ecosystems, and 
species biodiversity and the establishment 
of habitat buffer zones, migration cor-
ridors, and climate refugia; and 
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(ii) improved planning, siting policies, 
and hazard mitigation strategies; 
(D) establishes programs for the long-term 
monitoring of the impacts of climate change 
and ocean acidification on the ocean and coastal 
zone and to assess and adjust, when necessary, 
such adaptive management strategies; 
(E) establishes performance measures for 
assessing the effectiveness of adaptation strate-
gies intended to improve resilience and the abil-
ity of natural resources in the coastal zone to 
adapt to and withstand the impacts of climate 
change and ocean acidification and of adapta-
tion strategies intended to minimize those im-
pacts on the coastal zone and to update those 
strategies to respond to new information or 
changing conditions; and 
(F) is developed with the participation of 
the State coastal agency and other appropriate 
State agencies and in coordination with the 
Secretary of Commerce and other appropriate 
Federal agencies. 
(d) PUBLIC INPUT.—States shall provide for solicita-
tion and consideration of public and independent scientific 
input in the development of their plans. 
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891 
(e) COORDINATION WITH OTHER PLANS.—The State 
plan shall take into consideration research and informa-
tion contained in, and coordinate with and integrate the 
goals and measures identified in, as appropriate, other 
natural resources conservation strategies, including— 
(1) the national fish habitat action plan; 
(2) plans under the North American Wetlands 
Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 4401 et seq.); 
(3) the Federal, State, and local partnership 
known as ‘‘Partners in Flight’’; 
(4) federally approved coastal zone management 
plans under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.); 
(5) federally approved regional fishery manage-
ment plants and habitat conservation activities 
under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation 
and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.); 
(6) the national coral reef action plan; 
(7) recovery plans for threatened species and 
endangered species under section 4(f) of the Endan-
gered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533(f)); 
(8) habitat conservation plans under section 10 
of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1539); 
(9) other Federal, State, and tribal plans for 
imperiled species; 
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892 
(10) State or tribal hazard mitigation plans; 
(11) State or tribal water management plans; 
and 
(12) other State-based strategies that com-
prehensively implement adaptation activities to re-
mediate the effects of climate change and ocean 
acidification on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater 
fish, wildlife, plants, and other natural resources. 
(f) UPDATING.—Each State plan shall be updated 
not less than every 5 years. 
(g) FUNDING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Funds allocated to States 
under section 480 shall be used only for activities 
that are consistent with a State natural resources 
adaptation plan that has been approved by the Sec-
retaries of Interior and Commerce. 
(2) FUNDING PRIOR TO THE APPROVAL OF A 
STATE PLAN.—Until the earlier of the date that is 
3 years after the date of the enactment of this sub-
part or the date on which a State receives approval 
for the State strategy, a State shall be eligible to re-
ceive funding under section 480 for adaptation ac-
tivities that are— 
(A) consistent with the comprehensive 
wildlife strategy of the State and, where appro-
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893 
priate, other natural resources conservation 
strategies; and 
(B) in accordance with a workplan devel-
oped in coordination with— 
(i) the Secretary of the Interior; and 
(ii) the Secretary of Commerce, for 
any coastal State subject to the condition 
that coordination with the Secretary of 
Commerce shall be required only for those 
portions of the strategy relating to activi-
ties affecting the coastal zone. 
(3) PENDING
APPROVAL.—During the period 
for which approval by the applicable Secretary of a 
State plan is pending, the State may continue receiv-
ing funds under section 480 pursuant to the 
workplan described in paragraph (2)(B). 
SEC. 480. NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAP-
TATION FUND. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND.—There is hereby es-
tablished in the Treasury a separate account that shall 
be known as the Natural Resources Climate Change Adap-
tation Account. 
(b) AVAILABILITY OF AMOUNTS.—All amounts de-
posited into the Natural Resources Climate Change Adap-
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894 
tation Fund shall be available without further appropria-
tion or fiscal year limitation. 
(c) ALLOCATIONS.— 
(1) STATES.—38.5 percent of the amounts 
made available for each fiscal year to carry out this 
subpart shall be provided to States to carry out nat-
ural resources adaptation activities in accordance 
with State natural resources adaptation plans ap-
proved under section 479. Specifically— 
(A) 32.5 percent shall be available to State 
wildlife agencies in accordance with the appor-
tionment formula established under the second 
subsection (c) of section 4 of the Pittman-Rob-
ertson Wildlife Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 
669c), as added by section 902(e) of H.R. 5548 
as introduced in the 106th Congress and en-
acted into law by section 1(a)(2) of Public Law 
106–553 (114 Stat. 2762A–119); and 
(B) 6 percent shall be available to State 
coastal agencies pursuant to the formula estab-
lished by the Secretary of Commerce under sec-
tion 306(c) of the Coastal Management Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1455(c)). 
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895 
(2) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.—Of the 
amounts made available for each fiscal year to carry 
out this subpart— 
(A) 17 percent shall be allocated to the 
Secretary of the Interior for use in funding— 
(i) natural resources adaptation activi-
ties carried out— 
(I) under endangered species, mi-
gratory species, and other fish and 
wildlife programs administered by the 
National Park Service, the United 
States Fish and Wildlife Service, the 
Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Bu-
reau of Land Management; 
(II) on wildlife refuges, National 
Park Service land, and other public 
land under the jurisdiction of the 
United States Fish and Wildlife Serv-
ice, the Bureau of Land Management, 
the Bureau of Indian Affairs, or the 
National Park Service; or 
(III) within Federal water man-
aged by the Bureau of Reclamation 
and the National Park Service; and 
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896 
(ii) for the implementation of the Na-
tional Fish and Wildlife Habitat and Cor-
ridors Identification Program pursuant to 
section 481; 
(B) 5 percent shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of the Interior for natural resources ad-
aptation activities carried out under cooperative 
grant programs, including— 
(i) the cooperative endangered species 
conservation fund authorized under section 
6 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 
(16 U.S.C. 1535); 
(ii) programs under the North Amer-
ican 
Wetlands 
Conservation 
Act 
(16 
U.S.C. 4401 et seq.); 
(iii) the Neotropical Migratory Bird 
Conservation Fund established by section 
478(a) of the Neotropical Migratory Bird 
Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 6108(a)); 
(iv) the Coastal Program of the 
United States Fish and Wildlife Service; 
(v) the National Fish Habitat Action 
Plan; 
(vi) the Partners for Fish and Wildlife 
Program; 
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(vii) the Landowner Incentive Pro-
gram; 
(viii) the Wildlife Without Borders 
Program of the United States Fish and 
Wildlife Service; and 
(ix) the Migratory Species Program 
and Park Flight Migratory Bird Program 
of the National Park Service; and 
(C) 3 percent shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of the Interior to provide financial assist-
ance to Indian tribes to carry out natural re-
sources adaptation activities through the Tribal 
Wildlife Grants Program of the United States 
Fish and Wildlife Service. 
(3) LAND AND WATER CONSERVATION FUND.— 
(A) DEPOSITS.— 
(i) IN
GENERAL.—Of the amounts 
made available for each fiscal year to carry 
out this subpart, 12 percent shall be de-
posited into the Land and Water Conserva-
tion Fund established under section 2 of 
the Land and Water Conservation Fund 
Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 460l–5). 
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898 
(ii) USE OF DEPOSITS.—Deposits into 
the Land and Water Conservation Fund 
under this paragraph shall— 
(I) be supplemental to authoriza-
tions provided under section 3 of the 
Land and Water Conservation Fund 
Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 460l–6), 
which shall remain available for non-
adaptation needs; and 
(II) be available for expenditure 
to carry out this subpart without fur-
ther appropriation or fiscal year limi-
tation. 
(B) ALLOCATIONS.—Of the amounts de-
posited under this paragraph into the Land and 
Water Conservation Fund— 
(i) 1⁄6 shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of the Interior and made available 
on a competitive basis to carry out natural 
resources adaptation activities through the 
acquisition of land and interests in land 
under section 6 of the Land and Water 
Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 
460l–8)— 
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(I) to States in accordance with 
their natural resources adaptation 
plans, and to Indian tribes; 
(II) notwithstanding section 5 of 
that Act (16 U.S.C. 460l–7); and 
(III) in addition to any funds 
provided pursuant to annual appro-
priations Acts, the Energy Policy Act 
of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801 et seq.), or 
any other authorization for non-
adaptation needs; 
(ii) 1⁄3 shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of the Interior to carry out natural 
resources adaptation activities through the 
acquisition of lands and interests in land 
under section 7 of the Land and Water 
Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 
460l–9); 
(iii) 1⁄6 shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of Agriculture and made available to 
the States and Indian tribes to carry out 
natural 
resources 
adaptation 
activities 
through the acquisition of land and inter-
ests in land under section 7 of the Forest 
Legacy Program under the Cooperative 
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900 
Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (16 
U.S.C. 2103c); and 
(iv) 1⁄3 shall be allocated to the Sec-
retary of Agriculture to carry out natural 
resources adaptation activities through the 
acquisition of land and interests in land 
under section 7 of the Land and Water 
Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 
460l–9). 
(C) EXPENDITURE
OF
FUNDS.—In allo-
cating funds under subparagraph (B), the Sec-
retary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agri-
culture shall take into consideration factors in-
cluding— 
(i) the availability of non-Federal con-
tributions from State, local, or private 
sources; 
(ii) opportunities to protect fish and 
wildlife corridors or otherwise to link or 
consolidate fragmented habitats; 
(iii) opportunities to reduce the risk of 
catastrophic wildfires, drought, extreme 
flooding, or other climate-related events 
that are harmful to fish and wildlife and 
people; and 
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901 
(iv) the potential for conservation of 
species or habitat types at serious risk due 
to climate change, ocean acidification, and 
other stressors. 
(4) FOREST SERVICE.—Of the amounts made 
available for each fiscal year to carry out this sub-
part, 5 percent shall be allocated to the Secretary of 
Agriculture for use in funding natural resources ad-
aptation activities carried out on national forests 
and national grasslands under the jurisdiction of the 
Forest Service. 
(5) DEPARTMENT
OF
COMMERCE.—Of the 
amounts made available for each fiscal year to carry 
out this subpart, 7 percent shall be allocated to the 
Secretary of Commerce for use in funding natural 
resources adaptation activities to protect, maintain, 
and restore coastal, estuarine, and marine resources, 
habitats, and ecosystems, including such activities 
carried out under— 
(A) the coastal and estuarine land con-
servation program; 
(B) the community-based restoration pro-
gram; 
(C) the Coastal Zone Management Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.), that are specifi-
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902 
cally designed to strengthen the ability of coast-
al, estuarine, and marine resources, habitats, 
and ecosystems to adapt to and withstand the 
impacts of climate change and ocean acidifica-
tion; 
(D) the Open Rivers Initiative; 
(E) the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Con-
servation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 
1801 et seq.); 
(F) the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 
1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.); 
(G) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 
(16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); 
(H) the Marine Protection, Research, and 
Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1401 et 
seq.); 
(I) the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 
2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.); and 
(J) the Estuary Restoration Act of 2000 
(33 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.). 
(6) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.— 
Of the amounts made available each fiscal year to 
carry out this section, 7.5 percent shall be allocated 
to the Administrator for use in natural resources ad-
aptation activities restoring and protecting— 
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903 
(A) large-scale freshwater aquatic eco-
systems, such as the Everglades, the Great 
Lakes, Flathead Lake, the Missouri River, the 
Mississippi River, the Colorado River, the Sac-
ramento-San Joaquin Rivers, the Ohio River, 
the Columbia-Snake River System, the Apa-
lachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River Sys-
tem, the Connecticut River, and the Yellowstone 
River; 
(B) large-scale estuarine ecosystems, such 
as Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, Puget 
Sound, the Mississippi River Delta, the San 
Francisco Bay Delta, Narragansett Bay, and 
Albemarle-Pamlico Sound; and 
(C) freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, 
watersheds, and basins identified as priorities 
by the Administrator, working in cooperation 
with other Federal agencies, States, Indian 
tribes, local governments, scientists, and other 
conservation partners. 
(7) CORPS
OF
ENGINEERS.—Of the amounts 
made available each fiscal year to carry out this sec-
tion, 5 percent shall be available to the Secretary of 
the Army for use by the Corps of Engineers to carry 
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904 
out natural resources adaptation activities restor-
ing— 
(A) large-scale freshwater aquatic eco-
systems, such as the ecosystems described in 
paragraph (6)(A); 
(B) large-scale estuarine ecosystems, such 
as the ecosystems described in paragraph 
(6)(B); 
(C) freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, 
watersheds, and basins identified as priorities 
by the Corps of Engineers, working in coopera-
tion with other Federal agencies, States, Indian 
tribes, local governments, scientists, and other 
conservation partners; and 
(D) habitats and ecosystems through the 
implementation of estuary habitat restoration 
projects authorized by the Estuary Restoration 
Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.), project 
modifications for improvement of the environ-
ment, 
aquatic 
restoration 
and 
protection 
projects authorized by section 206 of the Water 
Resources Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 
2330), and other appropriate programs and ac-
tivities. 
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905 
(d) USE OF FUNDS BY FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS AND 
AGENCIES.—Funds allocated to Federal departments and 
agencies under this section shall only be used for natural 
resources adaptation activities that are consistent with an 
adaptation plan developed and approved by the President 
under section 478. 
(e) STATE COST SHARING.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, a State that receives a grant with 
amounts allocated under this section shall use funds from 
non-Federal sources to pay 10 percent of the costs of each 
activity carried out using amounts provided under the 
grant. 
SEC. 481. NATIONAL WILDLIFE HABITAT AND CORRIDORS 
INFORMATION PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Within 6 months of the date 
of enactment of this subpart, the Secretary of the Interior, 
in cooperation with the States and Indian tribes, shall es-
tablish a National Fish and Wildlife Habitat and Cor-
ridors Information Program in accordance with the re-
quirements of this section. 
(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this program is to— 
(1) support States and Indian tribes in the de-
velopment of a geographic information system data-
base of fish and wildlife habitat and corridors that 
would inform planning and development decisions 
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906 
within each State, enable each State to model cli-
mate impacts and adaptation, and provide geo-
graphically specific enhancements of State wildlife 
action plans; 
(2) ensure the collaborative development, with 
the States and Indian tribes, of a comprehensive, 
national geographic information system database of 
maps, models, data, surveys, informational products, 
and other geospatial information regarding fish and 
wildlife habitat and corridors, that— 
(A) is based on consistent protocols for 
sampling and mapping across landscapes that 
take into account regional differences; and 
(B) that utilizes— 
(i) existing and planned State- and 
tribal-based geographic information system 
databases; and 
(ii) 
existing 
databases, 
analytical 
tools, metadata activities, and other infor-
mation products available through the Na-
tional Biological Information Infrastruc-
ture maintained by the Secretary and non-
governmental organizations; and 
(3) facilitate the use of such databases by Fed-
eral, State, local, and tribal decisionmakers to incor-
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907 
porate qualitative information on fish and wildlife 
habitat and corridors at the earliest possible stage 
to— 
(A) prioritize and target natural resources 
adaptation strategies and activities; 
(B) avoid, minimize, and mitigate the im-
pacts on fish and wildlife habitat and corridors 
in siting energy development, water, trans-
mission, transportation, and other land use 
projects; 
(C) assess the impacts of existing develop-
ment on habitats and corridors; and 
(D) develop management strategies to en-
hance the ability of fish, wildlife, and plant spe-
cies to migrate or respond to shifting habitats 
within existing habitats and corridors. 
(c) HABITAT AND CORRIDORS INFORMATION SYS-
TEM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coopera-
tion with the States and Indian tribes, shall develop 
a Habitat and Corridors Information System. 
(2) CONTENTS.—The System shall— 
(A) include maps, data, and descriptions of 
fish and wildlife habitat and corridors, that— 
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908 
(i) have been developed by Federal 
agencies, State wildlife agencies and nat-
ural heritage programs, Indian tribes, local 
governments, nongovernmental organiza-
tions, and industry; and 
(ii) meet accepted Geospatial Inter-
operability Framework data and metadata 
protocols and standards; 
(B) include maps and descriptions of pro-
jected shifts in habitats and corridors of fish 
and wildlife species in response to climate 
change; 
(C) assure data quality and make the data, 
models, and analyses included in the System 
available at scales useful to decisionmakers— 
(i) to prioritize and target natural re-
sources adaptation strategies and activi-
ties; 
(ii) to assess the impacts of proposed 
energy development, water, transmission, 
transportation, and other land use projects 
and avoid, minimize, and mitigate those 
impacts on habitats and corridors; 
(iii) to assess the impacts of existing 
development on habitats and corridors; and 
VerDate Nov 24 2008 
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909 
(iv) to develop management strategies 
to enhance the ability of fish, wildlife, and 
plant species to migrate or respond to 
shifting habitats within existing habitats 
and corridors; 
(D) establish a process for updating maps 
and other information as landscapes, habitats, 
corridors, and wildlife populations change or as 
other information becomes available; 
(E) encourage the development of collabo-
rative plans by Federal and State agencies and 
Indian tribes to monitor and evaluate the effi-
cacy of the System to meet the needs of deci-
sionmakers; 
(F) identify gaps in habitat and corridor 
information, mapping, and research that should 
be addressed to fully understand and assess 
current data and metadata, and to prioritize re-
search and future data collection activities for 
use in updating the System and provide support 
for those activities; 
(G) include mechanisms to support collabo-
rative research, mapping, and planning of habi-
tats and corridors by Federal and State agen-
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cies, Indian tribes, and other interested stake-
holders; 
(H) incorporate biological and geospatial 
data on species and corridors found in energy 
development and transmission plans, including 
renewable energy initiatives, transportation, and 
other land use plans; 
(I) be based on the best scientific informa-
tion available; and 
(J) identify, prioritize, and describe key 
parcels of non-Federal land located within the 
boundaries of units of the National Park Sys-
tem, National Wildlife Refuge System, National 
Forest System, or National Grassland System 
that are critical to maintenance of wildlife habi-
tat and migration corridors. 
(d) FINANCIAL AND OTHER SUPPORT.—The Sec-
retary may provide support to the States and Indian 
tribes, including financial and technical assistance, for ac-
tivities that support the development and implementation 
of the System. 
(e) COORDINATION.—The Secretary, in cooperation 
with the States and Indian tribes, shall make rec-
ommendations on how the information developed in the 
System may be incorporated into existing relevant State 
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911 
and Federal plans affecting fish and wildlife, including 
land management plans, the State Comprehensive Wildlife 
Conservation Strategies, and appropriate tribal conserva-
tion plans, to ensure that they— 
(1) prevent unnecessary habitat fragmentation 
and disruption of corridors; 
(2) promote the landscape connectivity nec-
essary to allow wildlife to move as necessary to meet 
biological needs, adjust to shifts in habitat, and 
adapt to climate change; and 
(3) minimize the impacts of energy, develop-
ment, 
water, 
transportation, 
and 
transmission 
projects and other activities expected to impact habi-
tat and corridors. 
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) GEOSPATIAL
INTEROPERABILITY
FRAME-
WORK.—The 
term 
‘‘Geospatial 
Interoperability 
Framework’’ means the strategy utilized by the Na-
tional Biological Information Infrastructure that is 
based upon accepted standards, specifications, and 
protocols adopted through the International Stand-
ards Organization, the Open Geospatial Consortium, 
and the Federal Geographic Data Committee, to 
manage, archive, integrate, analyze, and make acces-
sible geospatial and biological data and metadata. 
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912 
(2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of the Interior. 
SEC. 482. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING INDIAN 
TRIBES. 
(a) FEDERAL TRUST RESPONSIBILITY.—Nothing in 
this subpart is intended to amend, alter, or give priority 
over the Federal trust responsibility to Indian tribes. 
(b) EXEMPTION FROM FOIA.—If a Federal depart-
ment or agency receives any information related to sacred 
sites or cultural activities identified by an Indian tribe as 
confidential, such information shall be exempt from disclo-
sure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code, pop-
ularly known as the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 
552). 
(c) APPLICATION OF OTHER LAW.—The Secretary of 
the Interior may apply the provisions of Public Law 93– 
638 where appropriate in the implementation of this sub-
part. 
PART 2—INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE 
ADAPTATION PROGRAM 
SEC. 491. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Global climate change is a potentially sig-
nificant national and global security threat multi-
plier and is likely to exacerbate competition and con-
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913 
flict over agricultural, vegetative, marine, and water 
resources and to result in increased displacement of 
people, poverty, and hunger within developing coun-
tries. 
(2) The strategic, social, political, economic, 
cultural, and environmental consequences of global 
climate change are likely to have disproportionate 
adverse impacts on developing countries, which have 
less economic capacity to respond to such impacts. 
(3) The countries most vulnerable to climate 
change, due both to greater exposure to harmful im-
pacts and to lower capacity to adapt, are developing 
countries with very low industrial greenhouse gas 
emissions that have contributed less to climate 
change than more affluent countries. 
(4) To a much greater degree than developed 
countries, developing countries rely on the natural 
and environmental systems likely to be affected by 
climate change for sustenance, livelihoods, and eco-
nomic growth and stability. 
(5) Within developing countries there may be 
varying climate change adaptation and resilience 
needs among different communities and populations, 
including 
impoverished 
communities, 
children, 
women, and indigenous peoples. 
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914 
(6) The consequences of global climate change, 
including increases in poverty and destabilization of 
economies and societies, are likely to pose long-term 
challenges to the national security, foreign policy, 
and economic interests of the United States. 
(7) It is in the national security, foreign policy, 
and economic interests of the United States to rec-
ognize, plan for, and mitigate the international stra-
tegic, 
social, 
political, 
cultural, 
environmental, 
health, and economic effects of climate change and 
to assist developing countries to increase their resil-
ience to those effects. 
(8) Under Article 4 of the United Nations 
Framework Convention on Climate Change, devel-
oped country parties, including the United States, 
committed to ‘‘assist the developing country parties 
that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects 
of climate change in meeting costs of adaptation to 
those adverse effects’’. 
(9) Under the Bali Action Plan, developed 
country parties to the United Nations Framework 
Convention on Climate Change, including the United 
States, committed to ‘‘enhanced action on the provi-
sion of financial resources and investment to support 
action on mitigation and adaptation and technology 
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915 
cooperation,’’ including, inter alia, consideration of 
‘‘improved access to adequate, predictable, and sus-
tainable financial resources and financial and tech-
nical support, and the provision of new and addi-
tional resources, including official and concessional 
funding for developing country parties’’. 
(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this part are— 
(1) to provide new and additional assistance 
from the United States to the most vulnerable devel-
oping countries, including the most vulnerable com-
munities and populations therein, in order to sup-
port the development and implementation of climate 
change adaptation programs and activities that re-
duce the vulnerability and increase the resilience of 
communities to climate change impacts, including 
impacts on water availability, agricultural produc-
tivity, flood risk, coastal resources, timing of sea-
sons, biodiversity, economic livelihoods, health and 
diseases, and human migration; and 
(2) to provide such assistance in a manner that 
protects and promotes the national security, foreign 
policy, environmental, and economic interests of the 
United States to the extent such interests may be 
advanced by minimizing, averting, or increasing re-
silience to climate change impacts. 
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SEC. 492. DEFINITIONS. 
In this part: 
(1) 
ALLOWANCE.—The 
term 
‘‘allowance’’ 
means an emission allowance established under sec-
tion 721 of the Clean Air Act. 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committees on Energy and Com-
merce, Financial Services, and Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committees on Environment and 
Public Works and Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate. 
(3) DEVELOPING COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘devel-
oping country’’ means a country eligible to receive 
official development assistance according to the in-
come guidelines of the Development Assistance Com-
mittee of the Organization for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development. 
(4) MOST
VULNERABLE
DEVELOPING
COUN-
TRIES.—The term ‘‘most vulnerable developing 
countries’’ means, as determined by the Adminis-
trator of USAID, developing countries that are at 
risk of substantial adverse impacts of climate change 
and have limited capacity to respond to such im-
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