‘‘(B) QUALIFIED
ENTITIES.—The Secretary 
shall establish standards and guidelines for eligibility 
of organizations (including governmental and non-
profit organizations) to receive assistance under this 
paragraph. 
‘‘(C) DISTRIBUTION.—Assistance made avail-
able under this paragraph shall be distributed in a 
manner that encourages efficient and successful 
counseling programs. 
‘‘(D) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There 
are 
authorized 
to 
be 
appropriated 
$100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 
2011 for— 
‘‘(i) the operations of the Office of Hous-
ing Counseling of the Department of Housing 
and Urban Development; 
‘‘(ii) the responsibilities of the Secretary 
under paragraphs (2) through (6) of subsection 
(h); and 
‘‘(iii) assistance pursuant to this para-
graph for entities providing homeownership and 
rental counseling.’’. 
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SEC. 315. REQUIREMENTS TO USE HUD-CERTIFIED COUN-
SELORS UNDER HUD PROGRAMS. 
Section 106(e) of the Housing and Urban Develop-
ment Act of 1968 (12 U.S.C. 1701x(e)) is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT FOR ASSISTANCE.—An or-
ganization may not receive assistance for counseling 
activities under subsection (a)(1)(iii), (a)(2), (a)(4), 
(c), or (d) of this section, or under section 101(e), 
unless the organization, or the individuals through 
which the organization provides such counseling, has 
been certified by the Secretary under this subsection 
as competent to provide such counseling.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘and for certifying organi-
zations’’ before the period at the end of the 
first sentence; and 
(B) in the second sentence by striking ‘‘for 
certification’’ and inserting ‘‘, for certification 
of an organization, that each individual through 
which the organization provides counseling shall 
demonstrate, and, for certification of an indi-
vidual,’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘organiza-
tions and’’ before ‘‘individuals’’; 
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(4) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para-
graph (5); and 
(5) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing new paragraphs: 
‘‘(3) REQUIREMENT UNDER HUD PROGRAMS.— 
Any homeownership counseling or rental housing 
counseling (as such terms are defined in subsection 
(h)(1)) required under, or provided in connection 
with, any program administered by the Department 
of Housing and Urban Development shall be pro-
vided only by organizations or counselors certified by 
the Secretary under this subsection as competent to 
provide such counseling. 
‘‘(4) OUTREACH.—The Secretary shall take 
such actions as the Secretary considers appropriate 
to ensure that individuals and organizations pro-
viding homeownership or rental housing counseling 
are aware of the certification requirements and 
standards of this subsection and of the training and 
certification programs under subsection (f).’’. 
SEC. 316. STUDY OF DEFAULTS AND FORECLOSURES. 
The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
shall conduct an extensive study of the root causes of de-
fault and foreclosure of home loans, using as much empir-
ical data as are available. The study shall also examine 
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the role of escrow accounts in helping prime and nonprime 
borrowers to avoid defaults and foreclosures. Not later 
than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a prelimi-
nary report regarding the study. Not later than 24 months 
after such date of enactment, the Secretary shall submit 
a final report regarding the results of the study, which 
shall include any recommended legislation relating to the 
study, and recommendations for best practices and for a 
process to identify populations that need counseling the 
most. 
SEC. 317. DEFINITIONS FOR COUNSELING-RELATED PRO-
GRAMS. 
Section 106 of the Housing and Urban Development 
Act of 1968 (12 U.S.C. 1701x), as amended by the pre-
ceding provisions of this title, is further amended by add-
ing at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(i) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section: 
‘‘(1) NONPROFIT
ORGANIZATION.—The term 
‘nonprofit organization’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 104(5) of the Cranston-Gonzalez Na-
tional 
Affordable 
Housing 
Act 
(42 
U.S.C. 
12704(5)), except that subparagraph (D) of such 
section shall not apply for purposes of this section. 
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‘‘(2) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means each of 
the several States, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
Rico, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth 
of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the Virgin 
Islands, American Samoa, the Trust Territories of 
the Pacific, or any other possession of the United 
States. 
‘‘(3) UNIT
OF
GENERAL
LOCAL
GOVERN-
MENT.—The term ‘unit of general local government’ 
means any city, county, parish, town, township, bor-
ough, village, or other general purpose political sub-
division of a State.’’. 
SEC. 318. UPDATING AND SIMPLIFICATION OF MORTGAGE 
INFORMATION BOOKLET. 
Section 5 of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures 
Act of 1974 (12 U.S.C. 2604) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘SPE-
CIAL’’ and inserting ‘‘HOME BUYING’’; 
(2) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and in-
serting the following new subsections: 
‘‘(a) PREPARATION AND DISTRIBUTION.—The Sec-
retary shall prepare, at least once every 5 years, a booklet 
to help consumers applying for federally related mortgage 
loans to understand the nature and costs of real estate 
settlement services. The Secretary shall prepare the book-
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