I 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3593 
To provide guidance for and investment in the research and development 
activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, and for other 
purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 28, 2021 
Ms. JOHNSON of Texas (for herself, Mr. LUCAS, Mr. BOWMAN, and Mr. 
WEBER of Texas) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
A BILL 
To provide guidance for and investment in the research and 
development activities of the Department of Energy Of-
fice of Science, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 
Science for the Future Act’’. 
SEC. 2. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE. 
Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza-
tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the 
end the following: 
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‘‘(d) USER FACILITIES.—The Director shall carry 
out the construction, operation, and maintenance of user 
facilities to support the mission described in subsection 
(c). As practicable, these facilities shall serve the needs 
of the Department, industry, the academic community, 
and other relevant entities for the purposes of advancing 
the missions of the Department, improving the competi-
tiveness of the United States, protecting public health and 
safety, and addressing other national priorities including 
emergencies. 
‘‘(e) COORDINATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary— 
‘‘(A) shall ensure the coordination of the 
Office of Science with the other activities of the 
Department; 
‘‘(B) shall support joint activities among 
the programs of the Department; 
‘‘(C) shall coordinate with other relevant 
Federal agencies in supporting advancements in 
related research areas as appropriate; and 
‘‘(D) may form partnerships to enhance 
the utilization of and ensure access to user fa-
cilities by other Federal agencies. 
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‘‘(2) WITHIN THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.—The 
Director shall ensure the coordination of programs 
and activities carried out by the Office of Science.’’. 
SEC. 3. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM. 
(a) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND INNO-
VATION ACT.—Section 303 of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) is amend-
ed— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) 
as subsections (c) through (g), respectively; 
(2) by inserting before subsection (d), as so re-
designated, the following: 
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized 
under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza-
tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out 
a research and development program in basic energy 
sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, 
chemistry, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other dis-
ciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and en-
ergy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in 
order to provide the foundations for new energy tech-
nologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support 
the energy, environment, and national security missions 
of the Department. 
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‘‘(b) SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY.—In carrying out 
chemistry-related research and development activities 
under this section, the Director shall prioritize research 
and development sustainable chemistry to support clean, 
safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to tra-
ditional chemical products and processes.’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)(3), as so redesignated— 
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
subparagraph (E); and 
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
the following: 
‘‘(D) autonomous chemistry and materials 
synthesis facilities that leverage advances in ar-
tificial intelligence; and’’; 
(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.— 
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 
‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means 
the rate of flow of photons. 
‘‘(ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘hard 
x-ray’ means a photon with energy greater 
than 20 kiloelectron volts. 
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‘‘(B) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Pho-
ton Source described in the publication ap-
proved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory 
Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on 
Facility Upgrades’, including the development 
of a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a 
high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x- 
ray energy region and a suite of beamlines opti-
mized for this source. 
‘‘(C) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Sec-
retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
ensure that the start of full operations of the 
upgrade under this paragraph occurs before 
March 31, 2026. 
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the upgrade under this paragraph 
$157,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 
‘‘(5) SPALLATION
NEUTRON
SOURCE
PROTON 
POWER UPGRADE.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for the proton power upgrade to the 
Spallation Neutron Source. 
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‘‘(B) 
PROTON
POWER
UPGRADE
DE-
FINED.—For the purposes of this paragraph, 
the term ‘proton power upgrade’ means the 
Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade de-
scribed in— 
‘‘(i) the publication titled ‘Facilities 
for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
Outlook’, published by the Office of 
Science of the Department of Energy in 
December, 2003; 
‘‘(ii) the publication titled ‘Four Years 
Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for 
the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
Outlook’, published by the Office of 
Science of the Department of Energy in 
August, 2007; and 
‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the 
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 
on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility 
Upgrades’. 
‘‘(C) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Sec-
retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
ensure that the start of full operations of the 
upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De-
cember 31, 2025. 
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‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the upgrade under this paragraph 
$49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022. 
‘‘(6) SPALLATION
NEUTRON
SOURCE
SECOND 
TARGET STATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for a second target station for the 
Spallation Neutron Source. 
‘‘(B) 
SECOND
TARGET
STATION
DE-
FINED.—For the purposes of this paragraph, 
the term ‘second target station’ means the 
Spallation Neutron Source second target station 
described in— 
‘‘(i) the publication titled, ‘Facilities 
for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
Outlook’, published by the Office of 
Science of the Department of Energy in 
December, 2003; 
‘‘(ii) the publication titled, ‘Four 
Years Later: An Interim Report on Facili-
ties for the Future of Science: A Twenty- 
Year Outlook’, published by the Office of 
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Science of the Department of Energy in 
August, 2007; and 
‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the 
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 
on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility 
Upgrades’. 
‘‘(C) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Sec-
retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
ensure that the start of full operations of the 
second target station under this paragraph oc-
curs before December 31, 2030, with the option 
for early operation in 2028. 
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities under this paragraph, 
including construction— 
‘‘(i) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(ii) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 
2023; 
‘‘(iii) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 
2024; 
‘‘(iv) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 
2025; and 
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‘‘(v) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 
2026. 
‘‘(7) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.— 
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 
‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means 
the rate of flow of photons. 
‘‘(ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘soft x- 
ray’ means a photon with energy in the 
range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. 
‘‘(B) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light 
Source described in the publication approved by 
the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 
on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility Up-
grades’, 
including 
the 
development 
of 
a 
multibend achromat lattice to produce a high 
flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray en-
ergy region. 
‘‘(C) START
OF
OPERATIONS.—The Sec-
retary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
ensure that the start of full operations of the 
upgrade under this paragraph occurs before De-
cember 31, 2026. 
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
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shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— 
‘‘(i) $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(ii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 
2023; 
‘‘(iii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 
2024; 
‘‘(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 
2025; and 
‘‘(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 
‘‘(8) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH 
ENERGY UPGRADE.— 
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 
‘‘(i) HIGH ENERGY X-RAY.—The term 
‘high energy x-ray’ means a photon with 
an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt 
range. 
‘‘(ii) HIGH
REPETITION
RATE.—The 
term ‘high repetition rate’ means the deliv-
ery of x-ray pulses up to 1 million pulses 
per second. 
‘‘(iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE X-RAYS.— 
The term ‘ultra-short pulse x-rays’ means 
x-ray bursts capable of durations of less 
than 100 femtoseconds. 
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‘‘(ii) $125,925,000 for fiscal year 
2023; 
‘‘(iii) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 
2024; 
‘‘(iv) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 
2025; and 
‘‘(v) $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026. 
‘‘(9) CRYOMODULE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 
FACILITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for the construction of a cryomodule re-
pair and maintenance facility to service the 
Linac Coherent Light Source II and upgrades 
to the facility. The Secretary shall consult with 
the private sector, universities, National Lab-
oratories, and relevant Federal agencies to en-
sure that this facility has the capability to 
maintain, repair, and test superconducting ra-
diofrequency accelerator components. 
‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities under this paragraph— 
‘‘(i) $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
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‘‘(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 
2024; and 
‘‘(iv) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 
2025. 
‘‘(10) NANOSCALE SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER 
RECAPITALIZATION PROJECT.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
provide for the recapitalization of the Nanoscale 
Science Research Centers, to include the up-
grade of equipment at each Center supported 
by the Office of Science on the date of enact-
ment of the Department of Energy Science for 
the Future Act, to accelerate advances in the 
various fields of science including nanoscience, 
materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum in-
formation science. 
‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 
to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 
shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the recapitalization under this para-
graph— 
‘‘(i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(ii) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
‘‘(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 
2024; and 
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‘‘(iv) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 
2025.’’; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(h) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMISTRY 
SCIENCE CENTERS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 
a program of research and development for the ap-
plication of advanced computing practices to 
foundational and emerging research problems in 
chemistry and materials science. Research activities 
shall include— 
‘‘(A) chemical catalysis research and devel-
opment; 
‘‘(B) the use of large data sets to model 
materials phenomena, including through ad-
vanced characterization of materials, materials 
synthesis, processing, and innovative use of ex-
perimental and theoretical data; 
‘‘(C) adaptation of chemical system and 
chemistry modeling software to advanced com-
puting systems and hardware; and 
‘‘(D) modeling of chemical processes, as-
semblies, and reactions such as molecular dy-
namics and quantum chemistry, including 
through novel computing methods. 
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‘‘(2) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEM-
ISTRY SCIENCE CENTERS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
activities authorized under paragraph (1), the 
Director shall select and establish up to six 
computational materials and chemistry science 
centers to— 
‘‘(i) develop open-source, robust, and 
validated computational codes and user- 
friendly software, coupled with innovative 
use of experimental and theoretical data, 
to enable the design, discovery, and devel-
opment of new materials and chemical sys-
tems, including chemical catalysis research 
and development; and 
‘‘(ii) focus on overcoming challenges 
and maximizing the benefits of exascale 
and other high performance computing. 
‘‘(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall se-
lect centers under subparagraph (A) on a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director 
shall consider applications from the National 
Laboratories, institutes of higher education, 
multi-institutional collaborations, and other ap-
propriate entities. 
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‘‘(C) DURATION.— 
‘‘(i) A center selected under subpara-
graph (A) shall receive support for a pe-
riod of not more than 5 years beginning on 
the date of establishment of that center, 
subject to the availability of appropria-
tions. 
‘‘(ii) A center already in existence on 
the date of enactment of the Department 
of Energy Science for the Future Act may 
continue to receive support for a period of 
not more than 5 years beginning on the 
date of establishment of that center. 
‘‘(D) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of 
any period of support of a center under this 
subsection, the Director may renew support for 
the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a pe-
riod of not more than 5 years. 
‘‘(E) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the 
existing authorities of the Department, the Di-
rector may terminate an underperforming cen-
ter for cause during the performance period. 
‘‘(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 
the development of a web-based platform to develop 
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and provide access to a database of computed infor-
mation on known and predicted materials properties 
and computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs 
in materials discovery and design. 
‘‘(2) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this sub-
section, the Director shall— 
‘‘(A) conduct cooperative research with in-
dustry, academia, and other research institu-
tions to advance understanding, prediction, and 
manipulation of materials and facilitate the de-
sign of novel materials; 
‘‘(B) develop and maintain data infrastruc-
ture at user facilities that generate data to col-
lect, analyze, label, and otherwise prepare the 
data for inclusion in the database; 
‘‘(C) leverage existing high performance 
computing systems to conduct high throughput 
calculations, and develop computational and 
data mining algorithms for the prediction of 
material properties; 
‘‘(D) strengthen the foundation for new 
technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 
‘‘(E) drive the development of advanced 
materials for applications that span the Depart-
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ment’s missions in energy, environment, and 
national security. 
‘‘(3) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this sub-
section, the Director shall leverage and activities 
across the Department, including computational ma-
terials and chemistry science centers established 
under subsection (h). 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 
appropriated under subsection (j), there shall be 
made available to the Secretary to carry out activi-
ties under this subsection $10,000,000 for each of 
the fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 
‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
out the activities described in this section— 
‘‘(1) $2,757,705,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(2) $2,828,896,600 for fiscal year 2023; 
‘‘(3) $3,019,489,612 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(4) $3,161,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and 
‘‘(5) $3,291,651,600 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 
(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.—Subtitle G of 
title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16311 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 973(b), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting: 
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‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized 
to be appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, the 
Secretary shall make available for carrying out ac-
tivities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2022 through 2031.’’; and 
(2) in section 975(c), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting: 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized 
to be appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the 
Secretary shall make available for carrying out ac-
tivities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each 
of fiscal 5 years 2022 through 2026.’’. 
(c) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 
Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16315) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting: 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized 
to be appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, the 
Secretary shall make available for carrying out ac-
tivities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting: 
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‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized 
to be appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the 
Secretary shall make available for carrying out ac-
tivities under this subsection $30,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) 
and inserting: 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized 
to be appropriated in section 313 of this Act, the 
Secretary shall make available for carrying out ac-
tivities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’. 
SEC. 4. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 
(a) PROGRAM.—Section 306 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) 
is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) 
as subsections (b) through (d), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so re-
designated, the following: 
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the duties of the Director 
authorized under section 209 of the Department of En-
ergy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated 
with the activities authorized under sections 303 and 304 
of this Act, the Director shall carry out a program of re-
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search and development in the areas of biological systems 
science and climate and environmental science, including 
subsurface science, relevant to the development of new en-
ergy technologies and to support the energy, environ-
mental, and national security missions of the Depart-
ment.’’. 
(b) 
BIOENERGY
RESEARCH
CENTERS.—Section 
977(f) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16317(f)) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(f) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the pro-
gram under section 306(a) of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18644(a)), the Director shall support up to six bio-
energy research centers to conduct fundamental re-
search in plant and microbial systems biology, bio-
logical imaging and analysis, and genomics, and to 
accelerate advanced research and development of 
biomass-based liquid transportation fuels, bioenergy, 
or biobased materials, chemicals, and products that 
are produced from a variety of regionally diverse 
feedstocks, and to facilitate the translation of re-
search results to industry. The activities of the cen-
ters authorized under this subsection may include— 
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‘‘(A) accelerating the domestication of bio-
energy-relevant plants and microbes to enable 
high-impact, value-added coproduct develop-
ment at multiple points in the bioenergy supply 
chain; 
‘‘(B) developing the science and techno-
logical advances to ensure process sustainability 
is considered in the creation of biofuels and bio-
products from lignocellulose; and 
‘‘(C) using the latest tools in genomics, 
molecular biology, catalysis science, chemical 
engineering, systems biology, and computational 
and robotics technologies to sustainably produce 
and transform biomass into biofuels and bio-
products. 
‘‘(2) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A center established 
under paragraph (1) shall be selected on a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not 
more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
appropriations, beginning on the date of estab-
lishment of that center. 
‘‘(B) APPLICATIONS.—The Director shall 
consider applications from National Labora-
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tories, multi-institutional collaborations, and 
other appropriate entities. 
‘‘(C) EXISTING
CENTERS.—A center al-
ready in existence on the date of enactment of 
the Department of Energy Science for the Fu-
ture Act may continue to receive support for a 
period of not more than 5 years beginning on 
the date of establishment of that center. 
‘‘(3) RENEWAL.—After the end of either period 
described in paragraph (2), the Director may renew 
support for the center for a period of not more than 
5 years on a merit-reviewed basis. For a center in 
operation for 10 years after its previous selection on 
a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, the Director 
may renew support for the center on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 
5 years, and may subsequently provide an additional 
renewal on a merit-reviewed basis for a period of not 
more than 5 years. 
‘‘(4) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the exist-
ing authorities of the Department, the Director may 
terminate an underperforming center for cause dur-
ing the performance period. 
‘‘(5) ACTIVITIES.—Centers shall undertake re-
search activities to accelerate the production of 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
22:22 Jun 21, 2021
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H3593
pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS