spect to a duty reduction that is proclaimed 
under paragraph (1) for an article of a kind 
that is not produced in the United States. The 
United States International Trade Commission 
shall advise the President of the identity of arti-
cles that may be exempted from staging under 
this subparagraph. 
(5) ROUNDING.—If the President determines that 
such action will simplify the computation of reduc-
tions under paragraph (4), the President may round 
an annual reduction by an amount equal to the lesser 
of— 
(A) the difference between the reduction 
without regard to this paragraph and the next 
lower whole number; or 
(B) 1⁄2 of 1 percent ad valorem. 
(6) OTHER LIMITATIONS.—A rate of duty reduc-
tion that may not be proclaimed by reason of para-
graph (3) may take effect only if a provision author-
izing such reduction is included within an imple-
menting bill provided for under section 6 and that 
bill is enacted into law. 
(7) OTHER
TARIFF
MODIFICATIONS.—Notwith-
standing paragraphs (1)(B), (3)(A), (3)(C), and (4) 
through (6), and subject to the consultation and lay-
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over requirements of section 115 of the Uruguay 
Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3524), the Presi-
dent may proclaim the modification of any duty or 
staged rate reduction of any duty set forth in Sched-
ule XX, as defined in section 2(5) of that Act (19 
U.S.C. 3501(5)), if the United States agrees to such 
modification or staged rate reduction in a negotiation 
for the reciprocal elimination or harmonization of du-
ties under the auspices of the World Trade Organiza-
tion. 
(8) AUTHORITY UNDER URUGUAY ROUND AGREE-
MENTS ACT NOT AFFECTED.—Nothing in this sub-
section shall limit the authority provided to the Presi-
dent under section 111(b) of the Uruguay Round 
Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3521(b)). 
(b) AGREEMENTS REGARDING TARIFF AND NONTARIFF 
BARRIERS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—(A) Whenever the President 
determines that— 
(i) 1 or more existing duties or any other 
import restriction of any foreign country or the 
United States or any other barrier to, or other 
distortion of, international trade unduly burdens 
or restricts the foreign trade of the United States 
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or adversely affects the United States economy, 
or 
(ii) the imposition of any such barrier or 
distortion is likely to result in such a burden, re-
striction, or effect, 
and that the purposes, policies, priorities, and objec-
tives of this Act will be promoted thereby, the Presi-
dent may enter into a trade agreement described in 
subparagraph (B) during the period described in sub-
paragraph (C). 
(B) The President may enter into a trade agree-
ment under subparagraph (A) with foreign countries 
providing for— 
(i) the reduction or elimination of a duty, 
restriction, barrier, or other distortion described 
in subparagraph (A); or 
(ii) the prohibition of, or limitation on the 
imposition of, such barrier or other distortion. 
(C) The President may enter into a trade agree-
ment under this paragraph before— 
(i) July 1, 2018; or 
(ii) July 1, 2021, if trade authorities proce-
dures are extended under subsection (c). 
Substantial modifications to, or substantial addi-
tional provisions of, a trade agreement entered into 
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