IV 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 166 
Expressing support for the Iranian people’s desires for a democratic, secular, 
and nonnuclear Republic of Iran, and condemning the Iranian regime’s 
terrorism, regional proxy war, internal suppression, and for other pur-
poses. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 26, 2025 
Mr. MCCLINTOCK (for himself, Mr. ADERHOLT, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. AMODEI of 
Nevada, Mr. BABIN, Mr. BACON, Mr. BAIRD, Mr. BARRETT, Mr. 
BAUMGARTNER, Mr. BEAN of Florida, Mr. BENTZ, Mr. BERA, Mr. BILI-
RAKIS, Mr. BISHOP, Mr. BOYLE of Pennsylvania, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. 
BURCHETT, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. CARBAJAL, Mr. CARTER of Georgia, Mr. 
CARTER of Texas, Mr. CISCOMANI, Ms. CLARKE of New York, Mr. 
CLEAVER, Mr. CLINE, Mr. CLYDE, Mr. COHEN, Mr. CORREA, Mr. COSTA, 
Ms. CRAIG, Mr. CRANE, Mr. CRENSHAW, Ms. DAVIDS of Kansas, Mr. 
DAVIS of North Carolina, Mr. DESJARLAIS, Mr. DUNN of Florida, Mr. 
EDWARDS, Mr. ELLZEY, Ms. FEDORCHAK, Mr. FEENSTRA, Mr. FINSTAD, 
Mr. FITZGERALD, Mr. FITZPATRICK, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. FLOOD, 
Mrs. FOUSHEE, Mr. SCOTT FRANKLIN of Florida, Mr. FRY, Mr. 
FULCHER, Mr. GIMENEZ, Mr. GOLDMAN of Texas, Mr. VICENTE GON-
ZALEZ of Texas, Mr. GOODEN, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. GRAVES, Mr. 
GROTHMAN, Mr. GUEST, Mr. GUTHRIE, Mr. HAMADEH of Arizona, Mr. 
HARDER of California, Mr. HARIDOPOLOS, Mr. HIGGINS of Louisiana, 
Mrs. HINSON, Ms. HOULAHAN, Ms. HOYLE of Oregon, Mr. HUNT, Mr. 
HURD of Colorado, Mr. ISSA, Mr. JACK, Mr. JACKSON of Illinois, Mr. 
JACKSON of Texas, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Mr. JOYCE of Pennsyl-
vania, Ms. KELLY of Illinois, Mrs. KIM, Mr. LAHOOD, Mr. LALOTA, Mr. 
LAMALFA, Mr. LANDSMAN, Mr. LANGWORTHY, Mr. LATTA, Mr. 
LAWLER, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. LOUDERMILK, Mr. LUTTRELL, Ms. MACE, 
Ms. MALLIOTAKIS, Ms. MALOY, Mrs. MCBATH, Mr. MCCORMICK, Mrs. 
MCIVER, Mr. MENENDEZ, Ms. MENG, Mr. MEUSER, Mrs. MILLER of 
West Virginia, Mr. MILLER
of Ohio, Mrs. MILLER-MEEKS, Mr. 
MOOLENAAR, Mr. MOORE of Alabama, Mr. MOSKOWITZ, Mr. MOULTON, 
Mr. MOYLAN, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. NEHLS, Mr. NEWHOUSE, Mr. NOR-
CROSS, Mr. NUNN of Iowa, Mr. OBERNOLTE, Mr. OWENS, Mr. PALLONE, 
Mr. PALMER, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. PAPPAS, Mr. QUIGLEY, Mr. ROGERS of 
Kentucky, Ms. ROSS, Mr. RUIZ, Mr. RUTHERFORD, Ms. SALINAS, Mr. 
SCHMIDT, Mr. AUSTIN SCOTT of Georgia, Mr. DAVID SCOTT of Georgia, 
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•HRES 166 IH 
Mr. SELF, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. SMITH of Nebraska, Mr. 
SOTO, Mr. STAUBER, Mr. STEUBE, Mr. SUOZZI, Mr. THANEDAR, Mr. 
THOMPSON of Mississippi, Mr. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania, Mr. TIF-
FANY, Mr. TIMMONS, Mr. TORRES of New York, Mr. TRAN, Mr. TURNER 
of Ohio, Mr. TURNER of Texas, Mr. VALADAO, Mr. VAN DREW, Ms. VAN 
DUYNE, Mr. VAN ORDEN, Mr. VARGAS, Mr. VEASEY, Ms. WASSERMAN 
SCHULTZ, Mr. WEBER
of Texas, Mr. WEBSTER
of Florida, Mr. 
WESTERMAN, Mr. WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. YAKYM, and Mr. 
DAVIS of Illinois) submitted the following resolution; which was referred 
to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing support for the Iranian people’s desires for a 
democratic, secular, and nonnuclear Republic of Iran, 
and condemning the Iranian regime’s terrorism, regional 
proxy war, internal suppression, and for other purposes. 
Whereas the developments over the past year have left no 
doubt that the source of terrorism and warmongering in 
the Middle East region is the theocratic Islamic Republic 
of Iran; 
Whereas the ruling theocratic Islamic Republic of Iran has 
acted as a source of terrorism and regional conflict over 
the past four decades to ensure its survival, severely ob-
structing peace in the Middle East, and has been a cen-
tral cause of the regional conflict occurring since October 
2023 due to its fueling of weapons, missiles, and drones 
to its proxies and targeting of ships and free trade in the 
Red Sea and American forces in the region; 
Whereas there has been support from a bipartisan majority 
of House members for H. Res. 374 in the 116th Con-
gress, H. Res. 118 in the 117th Congress, as well as H. 
Res. 100 and H. Res. 1148 in the 118th Congress; 
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•HRES 166 IH 
Whereas the Iranian regime has repeatedly and increasingly 
violated its commitments under the Treaty on the Non- 
Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and defied the 
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) regarding 
its nuclear programs, and has expanded its stockpile of 
near weapons grade of enriched uranium, a necessary 
component of building a nuclear bomb; 
Whereas significant protests in Iran, particularly in 2018, 
2019, and 2022, primarily led by women and youth, have 
firmly resisted the ruling theocracy, rejected monarchical 
dictatorship, and called for a republic based on democ-
racy and pluralism; 
Whereas women and girls in Iran have been the primary tar-
gets of repression by the Iranian regime’s Islamic Revolu-
tionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and thus, the main ele-
ments of protests against this misogynistic regime that 
have chanted slogans against the regime and called for 
freedom, including ‘‘Woman, Resistance, Freedom’’ in 
the streets of Iran; 
Whereas the efforts of Western countries over the past 45 
years to change the behavior of this regime have failed, 
and the ultimate solution to ending the Iranian regime’s 
threats is the establishment of a secular, democratic, and 
pluralistic republic by the Iranian people and resistance; 
Whereas in the first four months of Masoud Pezeshkian’s 
presidency, over 500 prisoners, including political pris-
oners and at least 17 women, have been executed, some 
publicly, and hand amputations by the Judiciary has in-
creased; 
Whereas the Iranian regime has arbitrarily and brutally sup-
pressed ethnic and religious minorities, including Iranian 
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•HRES 166 IH 
Kurds, Baluchis, Arabs, Christians, Jews, Baha’is, 
Zoroastrians, and even Sunni Muslims, and has deprived 
them of their fundamental human rights, often culmi-
nating in executions; 
Whereas the Iranian people have been deprived of their fun-
damental freedoms, for which reason they oppose any 
form of authoritarian rule, reject monarchic dictatorship 
and religious tyranny, as evident in their protest slogans, 
and seek to determine their destiny, based on their vote, 
as the sole criteria for political legitimacy; 
Whereas Western nations should stand on the side of the peo-
ple of Iran by holding the regime accountable for repres-
sion, terrorism, and rogue behavior and by supporting 
the Iranian people as they seek change; 
Whereas, in 2023, the Iranian regime started sham trials in 
absentia of some 104 veteran members of the Iranian op-
position, who are primarily based in Europe, including in 
France and Albania, to justify terrorist plots against 
them, and continues to target Iranian dissidents abroad; 
Whereas over 4,000 parliamentarians worldwide, including 
243 bipartisan House members in Congress, the majority 
of 33 legislative assemblies, mostly in Europe, and over 
130 former world leaders and 80 Nobel laureates have 
supported Mrs. Maryam Rajavi’s Ten-Point Plan for the 
Future of Iran that calls for universal right to vote, free 
elections, a market economy, and separation of religion 
and state, and advocates gender, religious, and ethnic 
equality, a foreign policy based on peaceful coexistence, 
peace in the Middle East, and a nonnuclear Republic of 
Iran; 
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•HRES 166 IH 
Whereas Mrs. Rajavi’s roadmap for the process of change in 
Iran, based on the demands of the protesters in nation-
wide demonstrations in Iran, was presented on November 
20, 2024, in the European Parliament, providing con-
crete and feasible steps for regime change by the people 
of Iran and democratic process for transferring power to 
the people; 
Whereas the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human 
Rights in Iran, in his July 2024 report, highlighted the 
execution of ‘‘tens of thousands’’ of political prisoners in 
the 1980s and during the 1988 massacre (up to 30,000) 
and emphasized, ‘‘The Special Rapporteur notes that the 
‘atrocity crimes’ as reported—which took place all across 
Iran—represent the commission of the worst and the 
most egregious human rights abuses of our living mem-
ory whereby high-ranking state officials connived, con-
spired, and actively engaged to plan, order and commit 
crimes against humanity against the nationals of their 
own state,’’ and that ‘‘an overwhelming majority of the 
executed prisoners were members and sympathizers of 
the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/ 
MEK).’’; 
Whereas over 900 women and men of Ashraf 3 in Albania 
are former political prisoners who witnessed prison 
crimes of the Iranian regime, and many of them are wit-
nesses of the 1988 massacre and other political killings 
in Iran, who must be fully protected for potential testi-
monies before any international courts investigating the 
killings in Iran; 
Whereas, in an April 19, 2016, letter to a European Par-
liament Vice President, the Prime Minister of Albania 
wrote, ‘‘Albania is fully engaged and committed to ensure 
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for the Iranian refugees all rights stipulated in the Gene-
va Convention 1951, in the European Human Rights 
Convention and in the whole international legislation’’; 
Whereas the right to self-determination constitutes an inher-
ent and inalienable right of all peoples, forming a corner-
stone of international law, including the Charter of the 
United Nations (1945), which underscores the principles 
of self-determination; and 
Whereas the Declaration of Independence of the United 
States emphasizes, ‘‘whenever any Form of Government 
becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the 
People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Gov-
ernment’’, and that ‘‘when a long train of abuses and 
usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces 
a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is 
their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Govern-
ment, and to provide new Guards for their future secu-
rity’’; Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) unequivocally condemns the Iranian re-
gime’s warmongering in the Middle East, which is a 
major source of terrorism and regional instability 
and calls for its end; 
(2) affirms that addressing the call of Iranian 
protesters for fundamental changes within Iran con-
tributes to peaceful coexistence among neighboring 
nations and enhances regional and global security; 
(3) acknowledges and upholds the Iranian peo-
ple’s inherent right to determine their political fu-
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ture, as articulated in the United Nations Universal 
Declaration of Human Rights; 
(4) calls for holding the Iranian regime and its 
leaders accountable for their crimes through the con-
tinued imposition of sanctions and calls for sup-
porting the Iranian opposition and the Ten-Point 
Plan for the Future of Iran, which aligns with demo-
cratic values and ensures a democratic, secular, 
peaceful, and nonnuclear republic for the future of 
Iran; 
(5) urges the free world, given that the people 
of Iran have been deprived of all their fundamental 
rights and political paths for change within the 
framework of international law and the Universal 
Declaration of Human Rights, to recognize the 
rights of the Iranian people, the protesters, and the 
Resistance Units to confront the Islamic Revolu-
tionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and repressive forces 
to bring about change; and 
(6) calls on the United States Government, in 
cooperation with our ally Albania, to ensure the full 
protection of the Iranian political refugees in Ashraf 
3 in Albania against the Iranian regime’s continued 
efforts to target dissidents abroad and for them to 
benefit from all rights stipulated in the Geneva Con-
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vention 1951 and the European Convention on 
Human Rights, including the right to life, liberty, 
and security, and protection of property, as well as 
freedom of expression and assembly. 
Æ 
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