I 
108TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4516
To require the Secretary of Energy to carry out a program of research 
and development to advance high-end computing. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 4, 2004
Mrs. BIGGERT (for herself and Mr. DAVIS of Tennessee) introduced the 
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science 
A BILL 
To require the Secretary of Energy to carry out a program 
of research and development to advance high-end computing.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 
High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds that—
(1) high-end computing is a critical component 
of the scientific advances, defense capabilities, and
commercial competitiveness of the United States in 
the 21st Century; 
(2) with the deployment of the Earth System 
Simulator in Japan, the United States no longer has 
a clear lead in high-end computing worldwide; 
(3)(A) promising new architectures should be 
developed that increase memory and network band-
width, minimize latency, and coordinate the architec-
tures’ various components to maximize application 
performance; and 
(B) it is recognized that different architectures 
may be better suited to different applications; 
(4)(A) software that improves efficiency on and 
accessibility to high-end systems should be devel-
oped; and 
(B) this development effort should include re-
search in optimal algorithms, programming environ-
ments, tools, languages, and operating systems for 
high-end computing in collaboration with architec-
ture development efforts; 
(5) without government support, market forces 
are unlikely to drive sufficient innovation in high-
end computing because the private sector would not 
capture the full value of its innovations on a short 
enough time frame; and
(6) having played an important role in the de-
velopment of high-end computing, networking, and 
information technology, the Department of Energy, 
and the research programs of the Office of Science 
of the Department of Energy, are particularly quali-
fied to lead research in those fields. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
For purposes of this Act: 
(1) HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEM.—The term 
‘‘high-end computing system’’ means a computing 
system with performance that substantially exceeds 
systems that are commonly available for advanced 
scientific and engineering applications. 
(2) LEADERSHIP SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘Leader-
ship System’’ means a high-end computing system 
that is among the most advanced in the world in 
terms of performance in solving scientific and engi-
neering problems. 
(3) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 
term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 
(4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy.
SEC. 4. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COMPUTING 
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through the 
Director of the Office of Science, shall carry out a pro-
gram of research and development (involving software and 
hardware) to advance high-end computing systems, and 
shall develop and deploy such systems for advanced sci-
entific and engineering applications. 
(b) PROGRAM.—The program shall—
(1) support both individual investigators and 
multidisciplinary teams of investigators; 
(2) conduct research in multiple architectures, 
which may include vector, reconfigurable logic, 
streaming, processor-in-memory, and multithreading 
architectures; 
(3) conduct research in software development 
on optimal algorithms, programming environments, 
tools, languages, and operating systems for high-end 
computing systems, in collaboration with architec-
ture development efforts; 
(4) provide for sustained access by the research 
community in the United States to high-end com-
puting systems and to Leadership Systems, includ-
ing provision for technical support for users of such 
systems;
(5) support technology transfer to the private 
sector and others in accordance with applicable law; 
and 
(6) ensure that the high-end computing activi-
ties of the Department of Energy are coordinated 
with relevant activities in industry and with other 
Federal agencies, including the National Nuclear Se-
curity Administration, the National Science Founda-
tion, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agen-
cy, the National Security Agency, the National Insti-
tutes of Health, the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration, the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, and the Environmental 
Protection Agency. 
(c) LEADERSHIP SYSTEMS FACILITIES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the program car-
ried out under this Act, the Secretary, acting 
through the Director of the Office of Science, shall 
establish and operate Leadership Systems facilities 
to—
(A) conduct advanced scientific and engi-
neering research and development using Lead-
ership Systems; and
(B) develop potential advancements in 
high-end computing system hardware and soft-
ware. 
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In carrying out this 
subsection, the Secretary, acting through the Direc-
tor of the Office of Science, shall provide access to 
Leadership Systems on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to researchers in United States industry, insti-
tutions of higher education, national laboratories, 
and other Federal agencies. 
SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
In addition to amounts otherwise made available for 
high-end computing, there are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out this Act—
(a) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(b) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 
(c) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2007.
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