cation system (including individuals in business and 
government, and individuals who would participate 
through distance-learning arrangements) to become 
adjunct teachers in secondary schools in the core 
academic subject areas, particularly mathematics, 
science, and critical foreign language courses; and 
‘‘(2) to collect and report such performance in-
formation as the Secretary may require, including 
information needed for the national evaluation con-
ducted under section 2320B. 
‘‘(b) OPTIONAL USES.—Each eligible entity that re-
ceives a grant under this chapter may use the grant funds 
for one or more of the following: 
‘‘(1) To provide signing bonuses and other fi-
nancial incentives to encourage individuals to be-
come adjunct teachers in mathematics, science and 
critical foreign language courses. 
‘‘(2) To reimburse outside entities for the costs 
associated with allowing an employee to serve as an 
adjunct teacher, except that these costs shall not ex-
ceed the total cost of salary and benefits for teachers 
with comparable experience or expertise in the local 
educational agency. 
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‘‘(3) To provide pre-service training to adjunct 
teachers, including the on-going mentoring of such 
teachers by highly qualified teachers. 
‘‘SEC. 2320A. MATCHING REQUIREMENT. 
‘‘Each eligible entity that receives a grant under this 
chapter shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an 
amount equal to 100 percent of the amount of the grant 
(in cash or in kind) to carry out the activities supported 
by the grant. 
‘‘SEC. 2320B. NATIONAL EVALUATION. 
‘‘From the amount reserved for this chapter for any 
fiscal year, the Secretary may reserve not more than 5 
percent to conduct an independent evaluation, by grant 
or by contract, of the adjunct teacher corps program car-
ried out under this chapter, which shall include an assess-
ment of the impact of the program on student academic 
achievement. The Secretary shall report the results of this 
evaluation to the appropriate committees of Congress. 
‘‘SEC. 2320C. PROGRAM PERFORMANCE. 
‘‘(a) REPORT.—Each eligible entity receiving a grant 
under this chapter shall prepare and submit to the Sec-
retary a final report on the results of the project that con-
tains such information as the Secretary may require. At 
a minimum, the report shall include information on the 
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academic achievement of students receiving instruction 
from an adjunct teacher. 
‘‘(b) METHODS.—The information required under 
this section shall be— 
‘‘(1) reported in a manner that provides for a 
comparison of student achievement data prior to, 
during, and after implementation of the adjunct 
teacher corps program; and 
‘‘(2) disaggregated by race, ethnicity, disability 
status, English proficiency, and status as economi-
cally disadvantaged, except that such disaggregation 
shall not be required in a case in which the number 
of students in a category is insufficient to yield sta-
tistically reliable information or the result would re-
veal personally identifiable information about an in-
dividual student. 
‘‘SEC. 2320D. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘For purposes of this chapter: 
‘‘(1) ADJUNCT TEACHER.—The term ‘adjunct 
teacher’ means a teacher who— 
‘‘(A) possesses, at a minimum, a bachelor’s 
degree; and 
‘‘(B) has demonstrated expertise in the 
subject matter the teacher teaches by— 
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‘‘(i) having met the requirements of 
section 9101(23)(B)(ii); or 
‘‘(ii) having met an alternative meas-
ure of subject-matter expertise, as deter-
mined by the Secretary. 
‘‘(2) CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE.—The term 
‘critical foreign language’ means a foreign language 
considered most critical to ensure future United 
States national security and economic prosperity, as 
determined by the Secretary. 
‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘eligible en-
tity’ means— 
‘‘(A) a local educational agency; 
‘‘(B) a public or private entity (which may 
be a State educational agency); or 
‘‘(C) a partnership consisting of a local 
educational agency and a public or private enti-
ty. 
‘‘(4) HIGH NEED LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGEN-
CY.—The term ‘high-need local educational agency’ 
has the meaning given to the term in section 
2102(3).’’. 
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SEC. 3. ADVANCED PLACEMENT AMENDMENTS. 
(a) PURPOSES.—Section 1702 of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6532) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (9), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(10) to increase the number of students who 
complete advanced placement courses and pass ad-
vanced placement tests in mathematics, science, and 
critical foreign languages, and to increase the num-
ber of teachers who are prepared to teach those 
courses; 
‘‘(11) to encourage States and the private sec-
tor to increase their support for advanced placement 
and pre-advanced placement programs, in order to 
leverage the Federal investment in this important 
area; 
‘‘(12) to encourage State and local educational 
agencies to provide additional compensation for 
teachers who become qualified to teach advanced 
placement courses in mathematics, science, and crit-
ical foreign languages and whose students pass ad-
vanced placement tests in those subjects; and 
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‘‘(13) to support State-wide efforts to increase 
the availability of, and enrollment in, advanced 
placement and pre-advanced placement programs, 
particularly for low-income students.’’. 
(b) ADVANCED PLACEMENT TEST FEE PROGRAM.— 
Section 1704 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6534) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘reimburse low-income in-
dividuals to cover’’ and inserting ‘‘pay’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘fees, if the low-income in-
dividuals,’’ and inserting ‘‘fees for low-income 
individuals, if those individuals’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ‘‘required 
under chapter 1 of subpart 2 of part A of title IV 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965.’’ and inserting 
‘‘that the student is low-income (as defined in sec-
tion 1707(3)).’’; and 
(3) in subsection (f)(1)(D), by striking ‘‘socio-
economic status.’’ and inserting ‘‘whether the stu-
dent is low-income (as defined in section 1707(3)).’’. 
(c) ADVANCED PLACEMENT INCENTIVE PROGRAM 
GRANTS.—Section 1705 of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6535) is amended— 
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(d) DEFINITIONS.—Section 1707 of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6537) 
is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘data on chil-
dren in families receiving assistance under part A of 
title IV of the Social Security Act’’ through the pe-
riod at the end, and inserting ‘‘or through an alter-
nate method that extrapolates from that data.’’; and 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as 
paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(2) CRITICAL
FOREIGN
LANGUAGES.—The 
term ‘critical foreign languages’ refers to languages 
designated by the Secretary as those most critical to 
help ensure the future national security and eco-
nomic prosperity of the United States.’’. 
(e) ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAMS.—Part G of 
title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6531 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1708. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES. 
‘‘The Secretary may reserve up to 5 percent of the 
amount appropriated for a fiscal year under section 
1002(g) for this part, to be used for peer review of applica-
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tions for grants under this part, as well as for research, 
evaluation, and technical assistance.’’. 
SEC. 4. MATH NOW. 
Part F of title I of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act (20 U.S.C. 6511 et seq.) is amended to 
read as follows: 
‘‘PART F—MATH NOW 
‘‘SUBPART 1—MATH NOW FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 
STUDENTS 
‘‘SEC. 1601. MATH NOW FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STU-
DENTS PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSE; DEFINITION.— 
‘‘(1) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is 
to improve instruction in mathematics for students 
in kindergarten through sixth grade by imple-
menting mathematics programs that reflect the best 
available evidence on mathematics instruction, in 
order to enable all students to reach grade-level 
achievement standards and prepare them to enroll in 
and pass algebra courses. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITION.—As used in this section, the 
term ‘eligible entity’ means 
‘‘(A) A local educational agency with one 
or more elementary or middle schools— 
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‘‘(i) with significant numbers or per-
centages of students whose mathematics 
skills are below grade level; 
‘‘(ii) that are not making adequate 
yearly progress in mathematics under sec-
tion 1111(b)(2); or 
‘‘(iii) in which students are receiving 
instruction in mathematics from teachers 
who do not have expertise in mathematics; 
‘‘(B) a State educational agency; 
‘‘(C) educational service agencies that 
serve areas whose schools are designated with a 
school locale code of 41, 42, or 43, as deter-
mined by the Secretary; or 
‘‘(D) a partnership of one more agencies 
described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C), 
which may also include one or more institutions 
of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
and for-profit organizations. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 
‘‘(1) GENERAL.—From the amounts appro-
priated to carry out this section for any fiscal year, 
the Secretary is authorized to award competitive 
grants of up to five years to eligible entities to carry 
out activities consistent with the purpose of this pro-
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gram in local educational agencies that meet the cri-
teria described in subsection (a)(2)(A). 
‘‘(2) PRIORITY.—In making grants under this 
section, the Secretary may give priority to applica-
tions for projects that— 
‘‘(A) will implement Statewide strategies 
for improving elementary school mathematics 
instruction and raising mathematics achieve-
ment in kindergarten through sixth grade; or 
‘‘(B) schools designated with a school local 
code of 41, 42, or 43, as determined by the 
Secretary. 
‘‘(c) USES OF FUNDS.— 
‘‘(1) MANDATORY USES.—A grantee shall use 
grant funds under this section for each of the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(A) To implement mathematics instruc-
tional materials, for students in kindergarten 
through the final grade of a participating ele-
mentary school, which involve intensive and sys-
tematic instruction and are based on the best 
available evidence on mathematics instruction. 
‘‘(B) To provide professional development 
for teachers and, if appropriate, administrators 
and other personnel, on the implementation of 
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the new materials (and on the content of those 
materials). 
‘‘(C) To conduct continuous progress mon-
itoring, which may include the adoption and use 
of assessments that— 
‘‘(i) measure student progress and 
identify areas in which students need help 
learning mathematics; and 
‘‘(ii) reflect mathematics content that 
is consistent with state academic achieve-
ment standards in mathematics described 
in section 1111(b). 
‘‘(D) To carry out activities, if requested 
by the Secretary, to assist the Secretary in 
completing the evaluation required under sub-
section (f). 
‘‘(2) OPTIONAL
USES.—A grantee may use 
grant funds under this section to collect and report 
the performance data required under subsection (g). 
‘‘(d) APPLICATIONS.—To be considered for a grant 
under this section, an eligible entity shall submit an appli-
cation at such time and in such manner as the secretary 
may require. Each application shall include— 
‘‘(1) information, on an aggregate basis, on the 
school or schools to be served by the project, includ-
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ing such demographic, socioeconomic, and mathe-
matics achievement data as the Secretary may re-
quest; 
‘‘(2) a description of the mathematics instruc-
tional materials that will be used for the proposed 
project, including information on how those mate-
rials reflect the best available evidence on mathe-
matics instruction; 
‘‘(3) a description of the activities that will be 
carried out under the grant, including a description 
of the professional development that will be provided 
to teachers, and, if appropriate, administrators and 
other personnel, and of how those activities will sup-
port achievement of the purposes of the grant; and 
‘‘(4) any other information the Secretary may 
reasonably require. 
‘‘(e) EQUITABLE PARTICIPATION.—Title IX, part E, 
subpart 1 shall apply to this program. For the purpose 
of determining equitable participation, the term ‘eligible 
children’ (as used in section 9501(a)) means children from 
low-income families (using the measures described in sec-
tion 1113(a)(5)) in the area served by the participating 
local educational agency or school. 
‘‘(f) EVALUATION.— 
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‘‘(1) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall con-
duct an independent evaluation of the program 
under this section, which shall include an assessment 
of the impact of the program on student achieve-
ment, and may use funds available under this sec-
tion to conduct the evaluation. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
ensure that the organization selected to carry 
out the independent evaluation under paragraph 
(1) does not hold a contract or subcontract to 
implement any aspect of the program under 
this section. 
‘‘(B) 
SUBCONTRACTORS.—Any 
contract 
entered into under paragraph (1) shall prohibit 
the independent organization conducting the 
evaluation from subcontracting with any entity 
that holds a contract or subcontract for any as-
pect of the implementation of this section. 
‘‘(g) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 
‘‘(1) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary 
may use funds available under this section to provide 
technical assistance to prospective applicants and 
grantees. 
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‘‘(2) CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST.—If the Sec-
retary carries out paragraph (1) through any con-
tracts, the Secretary shall ensure that each contract 
requires the contractor to— 
‘‘(A) screen for conflicts of interest when 
hiring individuals to carry out the responsibil-
ities under the contract; 
‘‘(B) include the requirement in subpara-
graph (A) in any subcontracts the contractor 
enters into under the contract; and 
‘‘(C) establish and follow a schedule for 
carrying out subparagraph (A) and paragraph 
(3) and reporting to the Secretary on its ac-
tions under those provisions. 
‘‘(3) SCREENING
PROCESS.—The screening 
process described in paragraph (2)(A) shall— 
‘‘(A) include, at a minimum, a review of— 
‘‘(i) each individual performing duties 
under the contract or subcontract for con-
nections to any State’s program under this 
section; 
‘‘(ii) potential financial interests in, or 
other connection to, products that might 
be purchased by a State educational agen-
cy or local educational agency in the course 
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of the agency’s implementation of the pro-
gram under this section; and 
‘‘(iii) connections to teaching meth-
odologies that might require the use of 
specific products; and 
‘‘(B) be designed to prevent, to the extent 
possible, bias or the appearance of bias in the 
performance of the responsibilities outlined in 
the contract or subcontract. 
‘‘(4) INFORMATION DISSEMINATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Secretary en-
ters into contracts to provide technical assist-
ance under paragraph (1), and if a contractor 
enters into subcontracts for that purpose, each 
such contract and subcontract shall require the 
provider of technical assistance to clearly sepa-
rate technical assistance provided under the 
contract or subcontract from information pro-
vided, or activities engaged in, as part of the 
normal operations of the contractor or subcon-
tractor. 
‘‘(B) SEPARATE INTERNET WEB PAGES.— 
Efforts to comply with subparagraph (A) may 
include, but are not limited to, the creation of 
separate Internet web pages for the purpose of 
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fulfilling a contract or subcontract entered into 
under paragraph (1). 
‘‘(h) PROGRAM
PERFORMANCE
AND
ACCOUNT-
ABILITY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each grantee shall collect 
and report to the Secretary such information on the 
results of the grant as the Secretary may reasonably 
require, including information on— 
‘‘(A) the mathematics test scores on State 
or district-wide assessments for all elementary 
schools in the local educational agency or agen-
cies, including both those in schools partici-
pating in the program under this section and 
those in schools not participating in the pro-
gram under this section; and 
‘‘(B) the percentage of students in the 
schools of the local educational agency who en-
roll in algebra courses and the percentage of 
those enrollees who pass algebra courses. 
‘‘(2) 
METHOD.—The 
information 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall be— 
‘‘(A) reported in a manner that allows for 
a comparison of student achievement before (to 
the extent feasible), during, and after imple-
mentation of this section; and 
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‘‘(B) disaggregated by race, ethnicity, dis-
ability status, English proficiency, and status as 
economically disadvantaged, except that such 
disaggregation shall not be required in a case in 
which the number of students in a category is 
insufficient to yield statistically reliable infor-
mation or the result would reveal personally 
identifiable information about an individual stu-
dent. 
‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$125,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums as may 
be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years. 
‘‘SUBPART 2—MATH NOW FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL 
STUDENTS 
‘‘SEC. 1611. MATH NOW FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS 
PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSE; DEFINITIONS.— 
‘‘(1) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is 
to improve the mathematics achievement of middle- 
school students whose achievement is significantly 
below grade level and to enable them to reach chal-
lenging State achievement standards, by supporting 
comprehensive mathematics initiatives that are 
based on the best available evidence on mathematics 
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appropriate, administrators and other personnel 
that targets important mathematics content 
knowledge and effective practices and reflects 
the best available evidence on mathematics edu-
cation for middle-school students. 
‘‘(D) To carry out activities, if requested 
by the Secretary, to assist the Secretary in 
completing the evaluation required under sub-
section (f). 
‘‘(2) OPTIONAL
USES.—A grantee may use 
grant funds under this section to collect and report 
the performance data required under subsection (g). 
‘‘(d) APPLICATIONS.—To be considered for a grant 
under this section, an eligible entity shall submit an appli-
cation at such time and in such manner as the Secretary 
may require. Each application shall include— 
‘‘(1) information, on an aggregate basis, on the 
school or schools to be served by the project, includ-
ing such demographic, socioeconomic, and mathe-
matics achievement data for middle-school students 
as the Secretary may request; 
‘‘(2) a description of the activities to be carried 
out under the grant, including a description of— 
‘‘(A) how, and the extent to which, the 
proposed activities reflect the best available evi-
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dence on mathematics instruction for middle- 
school students; and 
‘‘(B) the professional development to be 
provided to teachers and, if appropriate, admin-
istrators and other personnel and how that pro-
fessional development will support achievement 
of the purposes of the project; and 
‘‘(3) any other information the Secretary may 
reasonably require. 
‘‘(e) EQUITABLE PARTICIPATION.—Title IX, part E, 
subpart 1 shall apply to this program. For the purpose 
of determining equitable participation, the term ‘eligible 
children’ (as used in section 9501(a)) means children from 
low-income families (using the measures described in sec-
tion 1113(a)(5)) in the area served by the participating 
local educational agency or school. 
‘‘(f) EVALUATION.— 
‘‘(1) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall con-
duct an independent evaluation of the program, 
which shall include an assessment of the impact of 
the program on student achievement, and may use 
funds available under this section to conduct the 
evaluation. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATION.— 
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‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
ensure that the organization selected to carry 
out the independent evaluation under paragraph 
(1) does not hold a contract or subcontract to 
implement any aspect of the program under 
this section. 
‘‘(B) 
SUBCONTRACTORS.—Any 
contract 
entered into under paragraph (1) shall prohibit 
the independent organization conducting the 
evaluation from subcontracting with any entity 
that holds a contract or subcontract for any as-
pect of the implementation of this section. 
‘‘(g) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 
‘‘(1) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary 
may use funds available under this section to provide 
technical assistance to prospective applicants and 
grantees. 
‘‘(2) CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST.—If the Sec-
retary carries out paragraph (1) through any con-
tracts, the Secretary shall ensure that each contract 
requires the contractor to— 
‘‘(A) screen for conflicts of interest when 
hiring individuals to carry out the responsibil-
ities under the contract; 
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‘‘(B) include the requirement in subpara-
graph (A) in any subcontracts the contractor 
enters into under the contract; and 
‘‘(C) establish and follow a schedule for 
carrying out subparagraph (A) and paragraph 
(3) and reporting to the Secretary on its ac-
tions under those provisions. 
‘‘(3) SCREENING
PROCESS.—The screening 
process described in paragraph (2)(A) shall— 
‘‘(A) include, at a minimum, a review of— 
‘‘(i) each individual performing duties 
under the contract or subcontract for con-
nections to any State’s program under this 
section; 
‘‘(ii) potential financial interests in, or 
other connection to, products that might 
be purchased by a State educational agen-
cy or local educational agency in the course 
of the agency’s implementation of the pro-
gram under this section; and 
‘‘(iii) connections to teaching meth-
odologies that might require the use of 
specific products; and 
‘‘(B) be designed to prevent, to the extent 
possible, bias or the appearance of bias in the 
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performance of the responsibilities outlined in 
the contract or subcontract. 
‘‘(4) INFORMATION DISSEMINATION.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Secretary en-
ters into contracts to provide technical assist-
ance under paragraph (1), and if a contractor 
enters into subcontracts for that purpose, each 
such contract and subcontract shall require the 
provider of technical assistance to clearly sepa-
rate technical assistance provided under the 
contract or subcontract from information pro-
vided, or activities engaged in, as part of the 
normal operations of the contractor or subcon-
tractor. 
‘‘(B) SEPARATE INTERNET WEB PAGES.— 
Efforts to comply with subparagraph (A) may 
include, but are not limited to, the creation of 
separate Internet web pages for the purpose of 
fulfilling a contract or subcontract entered into 
under paragraph (1). 
‘‘(h) PROGRAM
PERFORMANCE
AND
ACCOUNT-
ABILITY.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each grantee shall collect 
and report to the Secretary such information on the 
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results of the grant as the Secretary may reasonably 
require, including information on— 
‘‘(A) the mathematics test scores on State 
or district-wide assessments for all middle- 
school students in the local educational agency, 
including both those in schools participating in 
the program under this section and those in 
schools not participating in the program under 
this section; and 
‘‘(B) the percentage of students in the 
schools of the local educational agency who en-
roll in algebra courses and the percentage of 
those enrollees who pass algebra courses. 
‘‘(2) 
METHOD.—The 
information 
required 
under paragraph (1) shall be— 
‘‘(A) reported in a manner that allows for 
a comparison of student achievement before (to 
the extent feasible), during, and after imple-
mentation of this section; and 
‘‘(B) disaggregated by race, ethnicity, dis-
ability status, English proficiency, and status as 
economically disadvantaged, except that such 
disaggregation shall not be required in a case in 
which the number of students in a category is 
insufficient to yield statistically reliable infor-
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mation or the result would reveal personally 
identifiable information about an individual stu-
dent. 
‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$125,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums as may 
be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years. 
‘‘SUBPART 3—PEER REVIEW OF STATE APPLICATIONS 
‘‘SEC. 1622. REVIEW OF STATE APPLICATIONS. 
‘‘(a) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a process through which individuals who review 
State applications under section 1601 and 1611 
(hereafter in this section referred to as ‘reviewers’) 
are screened for potential conflicts of interest. 
‘‘(2) 
SCREENING.—The 
screening 
process 
shall— 
‘‘(A) be reviewed and approved by the Of-
fice of the General Counsel of the department; 
‘‘(B) include, at a minimum, a review of 
each reviewer’s— 
‘‘(i) connection to any State’s pro-
gram under those sections; 
‘‘(ii) potential financial interest in 
products that might be purchased by a 
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State educational agency or local edu-
cational agency in the course of the agen-
cy’s implementation of the program under 
those sections; and 
‘‘(iii) 
professional 
connections 
to 
teaching methodologies that might require 
the use of specific products; and 
‘‘(C) be designed to prevent, to the extent 
possible, bias or the appearance of bias in the 
review of those applications. 
‘‘(b) GUIDANCE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop 
guidance for how reviewers will review applications 
submitted under sections 1601 and 1611 and pro-
vide feedback to State educational agencies and rec-
ommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary shall 
also develop guidance for how the Secretary will re-
view those recommendations and make final deter-
minations of approval or disapproval of those appli-
cations. 
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—Such guidance shall, at 
a minimum— 
‘‘(A) create a transparent process through 
which review panels provide clear, consistent, 
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and publicly available documentation in support 
of all recommendations; 
‘‘(B) ensure that State educational agen-
cies have the opportunity for direct interaction 
with any panel that reviewed its application 
under those sections when revising an applica-
tion as a result of feedback from the panel; 
‘‘(C) require that any review panel and the 
Secretary clearly and consistenly document that 
all required elements of an application under 
those sections are included before the applica-
tion is approved; and 
‘‘(D) create a transparent process through 
which the Secretary clearly, consistently, and 
publicly documents decisions to approve or dis-
approve those applications and the reasons for 
those decisions. 
‘‘SEC. 1623. PROHIBITION ON FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this chapter shall be 
construed to alter or lessen the prohibition contained in 
section 9527(b) of this Act or section 3403(b) of the De-
partment of Education Organization Act. 
‘‘(b) GUIDANCE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop 
guidance for Department of Education employees re-
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sponsible for the implementation of this chapter that 
will assist those employees in complying with the 
prohibitions included in subsection (a). 
‘‘(2) CONSULTATION.—Such guidance shall em-
phasize the importance of consultation with the De-
partment’s Office of General Counsel on issues re-
lated to such prohibitions. 
‘‘(3) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—Such guidance 
shall stress that any information disseminated, or 
technical assistance provided, related to this subpart, 
shall be balanced in presenting eligible products and 
not in any way endorse or appear to endorse any 
particular product that might be purchased by a 
State educational agency or local educational agency 
in the course of such agency’s implementation of the 
program under this chapter’’. 
SEC. 5. ROBERT C. BYRD HONORS SCHOLARSHIP PRO-
GRAM. 
Subpart 6 of part A of title IV of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070d–31) is amended to 
read as follows: 
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‘‘SUBPART 6—ROBERT C. BYRD AMERICAN 
COMPETITIVENESS PROGRAM 
‘‘SEC. 419A. ROBERT C. BYRD MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE 
HONORS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to 
award scholarships to students who are enrolled in studies 
leading to baccalaureate and advanced degrees in physical, 
life, or computer sciences, mathematics, and engineering. 
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘computer science’ means the 
branch of knowledge or study of computers, includ-
ing such fields of knowledge or study as computer 
hardware, computer software, computer engineering, 
information systems, and robotics; 
‘‘(2) the term ‘eligible student’ means a student 
who— 
‘‘(A) is a citizen of the United States; 
‘‘(B) is selected by the managing agent to 
receive a scholarship; 
‘‘(C) is enrolled full-time in an institution 
of higher education, other than a United States 
service academy; and 
‘‘(D) has shown a commitment to and is 
pursuing a major in studies leading to a bacca-
laureate, masters, or doctoral degree (or a com-
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bination thereof) in physical, life, or computer 
sciences, mathematics, or engineering; 
‘‘(3) the term ‘engineering’ means the science 
by which the properties of matter and the sources of 
energy in nature are made useful to humanity in 
structures, machines, and products, as in the con-
struction of engines, bridges, buildings, mines, and 
chemical plants, including such fields of knowledge 
or study as aeronautical engineering, chemical engi-
neering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, in-
dustrial engineering, materials engineering, manu-
facturing engineering, and mechanical engineering; 
‘‘(4) the term ‘life sciences’ means the branch 
of knowledge or study of living things, including 
such fields of knowledge or study as biology, bio-
chemistry, biophysics, microbiology, genetics, physi-
ology, botany, zoology, ecology, and behavioral biol-
ogy, except that the term does not encompass social 
psychology or the health professions; 
‘‘(5) the term ‘managing agent’ means an enti-
ty to which an award is made under subsection (c) 
to manage a program of Mathematics and Science 
Honors Scholarships; 
‘‘(6) the term ‘mathematics’ means the branch 
of knowledge or study of numbers and the system-
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atic treatment of magnitude, relationships between 
figures and forms, and relations between quantities 
expressed symbolically, including such fields of 
knowledge or study as statistics, applied mathe-
matics, and operations research; and 
‘‘(7) the term ‘physical sciences’ means the 
branch of knowledge or study of the material uni-
verse, including such fields of knowledge or study as 
astronomy, atmospheric sciences, chemistry, earth 
sciences, ocean sciences, physics, and planetary 
sciences. 
‘‘(c) AWARD.— 
‘‘(1)(A) From funds authorized under section 
419F to carry out this section, the Secretary is au-
thorized, through a grant or cooperative agreement, 
to make an award to a private, non-profit organiza-
tion, other than an institution of higher education or 
system of institutions of higher education, to man-
age, through a public and private partnership, a pro-
gram of Mathematics and Science Honors Scholar-
ships under this section. 
‘‘(B) The award under subparagraph (A) shall 
be for a five-year period. 
‘‘(2)(A) One hundred percent of the funds 
awarded under paragraph (1)(A) for any fiscal year 
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shall be obligated and expended solely on scholar-
ships to eligible students. 
‘‘(B) No Federal funds shall be used to provide 
more than 50 percent of the cost of any scholarship 
to an eligible student. 
‘‘(C) The maximum scholarship award shall be 
the difference between an eligible student’s cost of 
attendance minus any non-loan based aid such stu-
dent receives. 
‘‘(3)(A) The secretary may establish— 
‘‘(i) eligibility criteria for applicants for 
managing agent, including criteria regarding fi-
nancial and administrative capability; and 
‘‘(ii) operational standards for the man-
aging agent, including management and per-
formance requirements, such as audit, record 
keeping, record retention, and reporting proce-
dures and requirements. 
‘‘(B) The Secretary, as necessary, may review 
and revise any criteria, standards, and rules estab-
lished under this paragraph and, through the agree-
ment with the managing agent, see that any revi-
sions are implemented. 
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‘‘(4) If the managing agent fails to meet the re-
quirements of this section the Secretary may termi-
nate the award to the managing agent. 
‘‘(5) The Secretary shall conduct outreach ef-
forts to help raise awareness of the Mathematics and 
Science Honors Scholarships. 
‘‘(d) DUTIES OF THE MANAGING AGENT.—The man-
aging agent shall— 
‘‘(1) develop criteria to award Mathematics and 
Science Honors Scholarships based on established 
measurements available to secondary students who 
wish to pursue degrees in physical, life, or computer 
sciences, mathematics, and engineering; 
‘‘(2) establish a Mathematics and Science Hon-
ors Scholarship Fund in a separate, named account 
that clearly discloses the amount of Federal and 
non-Federal funds deposited in the account and used 
for scholarships under this section; 
‘‘(3) solicit funds for scholarships and for the 
administration of the program from non-Federal 
sources; 
‘‘(4) solicit applicants for scholarships; 
‘‘(5) from the amounts in the Fund, award 
scholarships to eligible students and transfer such 
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funds to the institutions of higher education that 
they attend; 
‘‘(6) annually submit to the Secretary a finan-
cial audit and a report on the progress of the pro-
gram, and such other documents as the Secretary 
may require to determine the effective management 
of the program; and 
‘‘(7) shall not develop a criteria that discrimi-
nates against a student based on the type of pro-
gram in which the student completed his or her sec-
ondary education. 
‘‘(e) APPLICATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) Any eligible entity that desires to be the 
managing agent under this section shall submit an 
application to the Secretary, in such form and con-
taining such information, as the Secretary may re-
quire. 
‘‘(2) Each application shall include a descrip-
tion of— 
‘‘(A) how the applicant meets or will meet 
requirements established under subsections 
(c)(3)(A) and (d); 
‘‘(B) how the applicant will solicit funds 
for scholarships and for the administration of 
the program from non-Federal sources; 
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‘‘(C) how the applicant will provide nation-
wide outreach to inform students about the pro-
gram and to encourage students to pursue de-
grees in physical, life, or computer sciences, 
mathematics, and engineering; 
‘‘(D) how the applicant will solicit applica-
tions for scholarships, including how the appli-
cant will balance efforts in urban and rural 
areas; 
‘‘(E) the selection criteria based on estab-
lished measurements available to secondary stu-
dents the applicant will use to award scholar-
ships and to renew those awards; 
‘‘(F) how the applicant will inform the in-
stitution of higher education chosen by the re-
cipient of the name and scholarship amount of 
the recipient; 
‘‘(G) what procedures and assurances the 
applicant and the institution of higher edu-
cation that the recipient attends will use to 
verify student eligibility, attendance, degree 
progress, and academic performance and to de-
liver and account for payments to such institu-
tion; 
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‘‘(H) the management (including audit and 
accounting) procedures the applicant will use 
for the program; 
‘‘(I) the human, financial, and other re-
sources that the applicant will need and use to 
manage the program; 
‘‘(J) how the applicant will evaluate the 
program and report to the Secretary annually; 
and 
‘‘(K) a description of how the entity will 
coordinate with, complement, and build 
on similar public and private mathematics and 
science programs. 
‘‘(f) SCHOLARSHIP RECIPIENTS.— 
‘‘(1) A student receiving a scholarship under 
this section shall be known as a ‘Byrd mathematics 
and Science Honors Scholar’. 
‘‘(2) Any student desiring to receive a scholar-
ship under this section shall submit an application 
to the managing agent in such form, and containing 
such information, as the managing agent may re-
quire. 
‘‘(3) Any student that receives a scholarship 
under this section shall enter into an agreement with 
the managing agent to complete 5 consecutive years 
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of service to begin no later than 12 months following 
completion of the final degree in a position related 
to the field in which the student obtained the degree. 
‘‘(4) If any student that receives a scholarship 
under this section fails to earn at least a bacca-
laureate degree in physical, life, or computer 
sciences, mathematics, or engineering as defined 
under this section, the student shall repay to the 
managing agent the amount of any financial assist-
ance paid to such student. 
‘‘(5) If any student that receives a scholarship 
under this section fails to meet the requirements of 
paragraph (3), the student shall repay to the man-
aging agent the amount of any financial assistance 
paid to such student. 
‘‘(6)(A) Scholarships shall be awarded for only 
one academic year of study at a time. 
‘‘(B)(i) A scholarship shall be renewable on an 
annual basis for the established length of the aca-
demic program if the student awarded the scholar-
ship remains eligible. 
‘‘(ii) The managing agent may condition re-
newal of a scholarship on measures of academic 
progress and achievement, with the approval of the 
Secretary. 
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‘‘(iii) other relevant criteria deter-
mined by the Secretary. 
‘‘(5) AVAILABILITY
SUBJECT
TO
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—Loan interest payments under this section 
shall be subject to the availability of appropriations. 
If the amount appropriated for any fiscal year is not 
sufficient to provide interest payments on behalf of 
all qualified applicants, the Secretary shall give pri-
ority to those individuals on whose behalf interest 
payments were made during the preceding fiscal 
year. 
‘‘(6) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary is author-
ized to prescribe such regulations as may be nec-
essary to carry out the provisions of this section. 
‘‘(b) DURATION AND AMOUNT OF INTEREST PAY-
MENTS.—The period during which the Secretary shall pay 
interest on behalf of a student borrower who is selected 
under subsection (a) is the period that begins on the effec-
tive date of the agreement under subsection (a)(2)(E), 
continues after successful completion of the service obliga-
tion, and ends on the earlier of— 
‘‘(1) the completion of the repayment period of 
the loan; 
‘‘(2) payment by the Secretary of a total of 
$5,000 on behalf of the borrower; 
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‘‘(3) if the borrower ceases to fulfill the service 
obligation under such agreement prior to the end of 
the 5-year period, as soon as the borrower is deter-
mined to have ceased to fulfill such obligation in ac-
cordance with regulations of the Secretary; or 
‘‘(4) 6 months after the end of any calendar 
year in which the borrower’s gross income equals or 
exceeds 4 times the national per capita disposable 
personal income (current dollars) for such calendar 
year, as determined on the basis of the National In-
come and Product Accounts Tables of the Bureau of 
Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce, 
as determined in accordance with regulations pre-
scribed by the Secretary. 
‘‘(c) REPAYMENT TO ELIGIBLE LENDERS.—Subject 
to the regulations prescribed by the Secretary by regula-
tion under subsection (a)(6), the Secretary shall pay to 
each eligible lender or holder for each payment period the 
amount of the interest that accrues on a loan of a student 
borrower who is selected under subsection (a). 
‘‘(d) APPLICATION FOR REPAYMENT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each eligible individual de-
siring loan interest payment under this section shall 
submit a complete and accurate application to the 
Secretary at such time, in such manner, and con-
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taining such information as the Secretary may re-
quire. 
‘‘(2) FAILURE TO COMPLETE SERVICE AGREE-
MENT.—Such application shall contain an agreement 
by the individual that, if the individual fails to com-
plete the 5 consecutive years of service required by 
subsection (a)(2)(E), the individual agrees to repay 
the Secretary the amount of any interest paid by the 
Secretary on behalf of the individual. 
‘‘(e) TREATMENT
OF CONSOLIDATION LOANS.—A 
consolidation loan made under section 428C of this Act, 
or a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan made under part 
D of title IV of this Act, may be a qualified loan for the 
purpose of this section only to the extent that such loan 
amount was used by a borrower who otherwise meets the 
requirements of this section to repay— 
‘‘(1) a loan made under section 428 or 428H 
of this Act; or 
‘‘(2) a Federal Direct Stafford Loan, or a Fed-
eral Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan, made under 
part D of title IV of this Act. 
‘‘(f) PREVENTION OF DOUBLE BENEFITS.—No bor-
rower may, for the same service, receive a benefit under 
both this section and— 
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‘‘(1) any loan forgiveness program under title 
IV of this Act; or 
‘‘(2) subtitle D of title I of the National and 
Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12601 
et seq.). 
‘‘(g) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘high need local educational agen-
cy’ has the same meaning given such term in section 
201(b)(4); and 
‘‘(2) the term ‘mathematics, science, or engi-
neering professional’ means a person who— 
‘‘(A) holds a baccalaureate, masters, or 
doctoral degree (or a combination thereof) in 
science, mathematics, or engineering; and 
‘‘(B) works in a field the Secretary deter-
mines is closely related to that degree, 
which shall include working as a professor at a two- 
or four-year institution of higher education. 
‘‘SEC. 419F. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
‘‘There 
are 
authorized 
to 
be 
appropriated 
$41,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums as may 
be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years to 
carry out this subpart.’’. 
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SEC. 6. CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Section 601(a) of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1121(a)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) It is crucial that we expand the number of 
individuals in the United States mastering languages 
such as Arabic, Chinese, Russian, Hindi and Farsi, 
and the number of advanced-level speakers of those 
languages. 
‘‘(7) The weaknesses in teaching and learning 
foreign languages can be addressed by starting lan-
guage learning at a younger age and expanding op-
portunities for foreign language education through-
out formal schooling, including the postsecondary 
level.’’. 
(b) PURPOSES.—Section 601(b) of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1121(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) to significantly increase the opportunities 
to study, and the number of students in the United 
States who achieve the highest level of proficiency 
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in, foreign languages critical to the security and 
competitiveness of the Nation.’’. 
(c) INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUD-
IES.—Part A of title VI of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1121 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating sections 607 through 610 
as sections 608 through 611, respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after section 606 the following: 
‘‘SEC. 607. ADVANCING AMERICA THROUGH FOREIGN LAN-
GUAGE PARTNERSHIPS. 
‘‘(a) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is authorized 
to award grants to institutions of higher education, 
in partnership with one or more local educational 
agencies, to establish articulated programs of study 
in critical-need foreign languages that will enable 
successful students to advance from elementary 
school through college to achieve a superior level of 
proficiency in those languages. 
‘‘(2) GRANT PERIOD.—A grant awarded under 
paragraph (1) shall be for a period of not more than 
five years. A grant may be renewed for not more 
than two additional five-year periods, if the Sec-
retary determines that the grantee’s program is ef-
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fective and the renewal will best serve the purpose 
of this program. 
‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section: 
‘‘(1) The term ‘critical-need foreign languages’ 
means foreign languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, 
Russian, Hindi, and Farsi, determined by the Sec-
retary to be most critical for the national security of 
the United States. 
‘‘(2) The term ‘superior level of proficiency’ 
means level (3), the professional working level, as 
measured by the Federal Interagency Language 
Roundtable (ILR) or the American Council on the 
Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). 
‘‘(c) APPLICATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Any institution of higher 
education that desires to receive a grant under this 
section shall submit an application to the Secretary 
at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—Each application shall— 
‘‘(A) identify each local educational agency 
partner, including contact information and let-
ters of commitment, and describe each such 
partner’s responsibilities (including how they 
will be involved in planning and implementing 
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program curriculum, what resources they will 
provide, and how they will ensure continuity of 
student progress from elementary school to the 
postsecondary level); 
‘‘(B) describe how an articulated cur-
riculum for students will be developed and im-
plemented, including how pedagogical philos-
ophy, goals, and approaches will be consistent 
throughout all educational levels of the pro-
gram; 
‘‘(C) identify target proficiency levels for 
students at critical benchmarks (such as grades 
4, 8, and 12), and describe how progress to-
ward those proficiency levels will be assessed at 
the benchmarks and how the project will use 
the results of the assessments to ensure contin-
uous progress toward achieving a superior level 
of proficiency at the postsecondary level; 
‘‘(D) describe how the applicant will— 
‘‘(i) ensure that students entering col-
lege from a program supported under this 
part will be assessed and enabled to 
progress to a superior level of proficiency; 
‘‘(ii) address the needs of students al-
ready at, or near, the superior level of pro-
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ficiency, which may include diagnostic as-
sessments for placement purposes, cus-
tomized and individualized language learn-
ing opportunities, and experimental and 
interdisciplinary language learning; and 
‘‘(iii) identify and describe how it will 
partner with other institutions of higher 
education to provide participating students 
with multiple options for postsecondary 
education consistent with the purpose of 
this part; and 
‘‘(E) describe how the applicant will sup-
port and continue the program after the grant 
has expired, including how it will seek support 
from other sources, such as State and local gov-
ernment, foundations, and the private sector. 
‘‘(d) USES OF FUNDS.—Funds awarded under this 
part shall be used to develop and implement programs at 
the elementary through postsecondary school levels con-
sistent with the purpose of this part by carrying out one 
or more of the following activities: 
‘‘(1) To recruit and develop teachers directly re-
lated to the purpose of this part at the elementary 
through high school levels. 
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‘‘(2) To provide innovative opportunities for 
maximum language exposure for students in the pro-
gram, such as the creation of immersion environ-
ments (like language houses, language tables, and 
immersion classrooms, and weekend and summer ex-
periences). 
‘‘(e) MATCHING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) CONTRIBUTION.—In each fiscal year, 
a grantee shall provide a non-Federal contribu-
tion in an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
total amount of the grant award for that fiscal 
year. 
‘‘(B) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive 
the requirement of subparagraph (A), in any 
fiscal year, if the Secretary determines that— 
‘‘(i) the application of the matching 
requirement will result in serious hardship 
for the grantee; or 
‘‘(ii) it will best serve the purpose of 
this program. 
‘‘(2) COMPOSITION.—A grantee’s non-Federal 
contribution required under paragraph (1) may be 
provided in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, and 
shall include only non-Federal funds that are used 
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in a manner consistent with the purpose of this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(f) PROGRAM EVALUATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may reserve 
not more than five percent of the total amount ap-
propriated for this part for any fiscal year to evalu-
ate the program under this part. 
‘‘(2) REPORTS.—The Secretary shall promptly 
report to Congress on the results of any program 
evaluation conducted under this subsection.’’. 
SEC. 7. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following 
findings: 
(1) Just 21 percent of mathematics doctorates 
and 39 percent of master’s degrees went to women 
in 1992. 
(2) Fewer girls than boys take advanced math 
and science courses in high school, and girls as a 
group are outperformed by boys on standardized 
math and science tests. Those gaps persist through-
out college and beyond. 
(3) According to the author Tom Peters in his 
book titled ‘‘Re-Imagine’’, women control 51 percent 
of the New York Stock Exchange, women manage 
83 percent of the household income, and women are 
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responsible for 85 percent of all purchasing of goods 
and services in the United States, which represents 
$6,000,000,000. 
(4) Women will inherit 85 to 90 percent of the 
Nation’s wealth in the next 10 years, women are 
starting businesses at twice the rate of men, making 
women-owned businesses the fastest growing seg-
ment in the United States economy, and women- 
owned businesses generate some $2.46 trillion dol-
lars in revenue each year. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the 
Congress that female students should be encouraged to 
participate in programs that are served by the grants au-
thorized under this Act. 
Æ 
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