689 
of 1950 (64 Stat. 1267; 5 U.S.C. App.) and section 3145 
of title 40, United States Code. 
Subtitle G—Reports 
SEC. 10671. REPORT ON METHANE REMOVAL TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 360 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall sub-
mit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on 
the potential for, and technical and economic viability of, 
direct methane removal to significantly mitigate climate 
change, with special consideration given to natural meth-
ane sources, such as melting permafrost, and non-energy 
sector methane sources. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report under subsection (a) 
shall include a summary of research, development, and 
demonstration needs, including an estimate of Federal 
funding requirements, to further examine and validate the 
technical and economic viability, and potential ancillary 
impacts, of direct methane removal technologies and ap-
proaches over the 10-year period beginning on the date 
of the enactment of this Act. 
(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the report 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate across
690 
all relevant programs and offices of the Department and 
other relevant Federal agencies. 
Subtitle H—Better Energy Storage 
Technology 
SEC. 10681. LONG-DURATION DEMONSTRATION INITIATIVE 
AND JOINT PROGRAM. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
3201(h)(3) of the Energy Act of 2020 (42 U.S.C. 
17232(h)(3)) is amended by striking ‘‘$30,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025’’ and inserting 
‘‘$45,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
2026’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Effective as of the 
enactment of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, 
section 40334 of such Act is amended by striking ‘‘Energy 
Policy Act of 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘Energy Act of 2020’’. 
Subtitle I—SBIR, STTR, and Pilot 
Extensions 
SEC. 10691. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION PROGRAMS AND 
PILOT EXTENSIONS. 
Section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638) 
is amended by striking ‘‘2022’’ each place it appears and 
inserting ‘‘2027’’.
691 
Subtitle 
J—Coastal 
and 
Ocean 
Acidification 
Stressors 
and 
Threats Research 
SEC. 10701. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Coastal and Ocean 
Acidification Stressors and Threats Research Act of 
2021’’ or the ‘‘COAST Research Act of 2021’’. 
SEC. 10702. PURPOSES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 12402(a) of the Federal 
Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 
(33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by striking ‘‘development and coordina-
tion’’ and inserting ‘‘coordination and imple-
mentation’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘acidification on marine organisms’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘acidification and coastal acidification on 
marine organisms’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘es-
tablish’’ and all that follows through the semi-
colon and inserting ‘‘maintain and advise an 
interagency research, monitoring, and public
692 
outreach program on ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification;’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘establish-
ment’’ and inserting ‘‘maintenance’’; 
(3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘and coastal 
acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’; and 
(4) in paragraph (4), by inserting ‘‘and coastal 
acidification that take into account other environ-
mental and anthropogenic stressors’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
Section 12402 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) 
is amended by striking ‘‘(a) PURPOSES.—’’. 
SEC. 10703. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘of the 
Earth’s oceans’’ and all that follows before the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘and changes in the 
water chemistry of the Earth’s oceans, coastal estu-
aries, and waterways caused by carbon dioxide from 
the atmosphere and the breakdown of organic mat-
ter’’;
693 
(2) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘Joint Sub-
committee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
National Science and Technology Council’’ and in-
serting ‘‘National Science and Technology Council 
Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology’’; 
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and 
(3) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively; 
(4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so re-
designated, the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1) 
COASTAL
ACIDIFICATION.—The 
term 
‘coastal acidification’ means the combined decrease 
in pH and changes in the water chemistry of coastal 
oceans, estuaries, and other bodies of water from 
chemical inputs (including carbon dioxide from the 
atmosphere), freshwater inputs, and excess nutrient 
run-off from land and coastal atmospheric pollution 
that result in processes that release carbon dioxide, 
acidic nitrogen, and sulfur compounds as byproducts 
which end up in coastal waters.’’; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means each 
State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American 
Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern
694 
Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United 
States, and any other territory or possession of the 
United States.’’. 
SEC. 10704. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP. 
Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is 
amended— 
(1) 
in 
the 
heading, 
by 
striking 
‘‘SUB-
COMMITTEE’’ and inserting ‘‘WORKING GROUP’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘Joint 
Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Tech-
nology of the National Science and Technology 
Council shall coordinate Federal activities on 
ocean acidification and establish’’ and insert 
‘‘Subcommittee shall establish and maintain’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘Wildlife 
Service,’’ and inserting ‘‘Wildlife Service, the 
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, the En-
vironmental Protection Agency, the Department 
of Agriculture, the Department of State, the 
Department of Energy, the Department of the 
Navy, the National Park Service, the Bureau of 
Indian Affairs, the National Institute of Stand-
695 
ards and Technology, the Smithsonian Institu-
tion,’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by 
striking ‘‘CHAIRMAN’’ and inserting ‘‘CHAIR’’; 
(3) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding the efforts of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration to facilitate such 
implementation’’ after ‘‘of the plan’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘and coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘and coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean 
acidification’’; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(D) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘developed’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘and coastal acidification developed’’; 
and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘and coastal acidification; 
and’’; and
696 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(6) ensure that each of the Federal agencies 
represented on the interagency working group— 
‘‘(A) participates in the Ocean Acidifica-
tion Information Exchange established under 
paragraph (5); and 
‘‘(B) delivers data and information to sup-
port the data archive system established under 
section 12406(d).’’; 
(4) in subsection (c), in paragraph (2)— 
(A) by inserting ‘‘, and to the Office of 
Management and Budget,’’ after ‘‘House of 
Representatives’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘the 
interagency research’’ and inserting ‘‘inter-
agency strategic research’’; 
(5) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (d); and 
(6) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c) ADVISORY BOARD.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Chair of the Sub-
committee shall establish an Ocean Acidification Ad-
visory Board.
697 
‘‘(2) DUTIES.—The Advisory Board shall— 
‘‘(A) not later than 180 days before the 
Subcommittee submits the most recent report 
under subsection (d)(2)— 
‘‘(i) review such report; 
‘‘(ii) submit an analysis of such report 
to the Subcommittee for consideration in 
the final report submitted under subsection 
(d)(2); and 
‘‘(iii) concurrently with the Sub-
committee’s final submission of the report 
under subsection (d)(2), the Advisory 
Board shall submit a copy of the analysis 
provided to the Subcommittee to the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Trans-
portation of the Senate, the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the 
House of Representatives, and the Com-
mittee on Natural Resources of the House 
of Representatives; 
‘‘(B) not later than 180 days before the 
Subcommittee submits the most recent strategic 
research plan under subsection (d)(3) to Con-
gress— 
‘‘(i) review such plan;
698 
‘‘(ii) submit an analysis of such plan 
and the implementation thereof to the Sub-
committee for consideration in the final 
strategic research plan submitted under 
subsection (d)(3); and 
‘‘(iii) concurrently with the Sub-
committee’s final submission of the stra-
tegic 
research 
plan 
under 
subsection 
(d)(3), the Advisory Board shall submit a 
copy of the analysis provided to the Sub-
committee to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, 
the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Natural Re-
sources of the House of Representatives; 
‘‘(C) provide ongoing advice to the Sub-
committee and the interagency working group 
on matters related to Federal activities on 
ocean acidification and coastal acidification; 
‘‘(D) advise the Subcommittee and the 
interagency working group on— 
‘‘(i) efforts to coordinate research and 
monitoring activities related to ocean acidi-
fication and coastal acidification; and
699 
‘‘(ii) the best practices for the stand-
ards developed for data archiving under 
section 12406(e); 
‘‘(E) publish in the Federal Register a 
charter; 
‘‘(F) provide the Library of Congress 
with— 
‘‘(i) the charter described in subpara-
graph (E); 
‘‘(ii) any schedules and minutes for 
meetings of the Advisory Board; 
‘‘(iii) any documents that are ap-
proved by the Advisory Board; and 
‘‘(iv) any reports and analysis pre-
pared by the Advisory Board; and 
‘‘(G) establish a publicly accessible web 
page on the website of the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration, that contains 
the information described in clauses (i) through 
(iv) of subparagraph (F). 
‘‘(3) MEMBERSHIP.—The Advisory Board shall 
consist of 24 members as follows: 
‘‘(A) Two representatives of the shellfish 
and crab industry.
700 
‘‘(B) One representative of the finfish in-
dustry. 
‘‘(C) One representative of seafood proc-
essors. 
‘‘(D) Three representatives from academia, 
including both natural and social sciences. 
‘‘(E) One representative of recreational 
fishing. 
‘‘(F) One representative of a relevant non-
governmental organization. 
‘‘(G) Six representatives from relevant 
State, local, and Tribal governments. 
‘‘(H) One representative from the Alaska 
Ocean Acidification Network or a subsequent 
entity that represents the same geographical re-
gion and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(I) One representative from the California 
Current Acidification Network or a subsequent 
entity that represents the same geographical re-
gion and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(J) One representative from the North-
east Coastal Acidification Network or a subse-
quent entity that represents the same geo-
graphical region and has a similar purpose.
701 
‘‘(K) One representative from the South-
east Coastal Acidification Network or a subse-
quent entity that represents the same geo-
graphical region and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(L) One representative from the Gulf of 
Mexico Coastal Acidification Network or a sub-
sequent entity that represents the same geo-
graphical region and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(M) One representative from the Mid-At-
lantic Coastal Acidification Network or a subse-
quent entity that represents the same geo-
graphical region and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(N) One representative from the Pacific 
Islands Ocean Observing System or a subse-
quent entity that represents the island terri-
tories and possessions of the United States in 
the Pacific Ocean, and the State of Hawaii and 
has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(O) One representative from the Carib-
bean Regional Association for Coastal Ocean 
Observing or a subsequent entity that rep-
resents Puerto Rico and the United States Vir-
gin Islands and has a similar purpose. 
‘‘(P) One representative from the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall
702 
serve as an ex-officio member of the Advisory 
Board without a vote. 
‘‘(4) APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS.—The Chair 
of the Subcommittee shall— 
‘‘(A) appoint members to the Advisory 
Board (taking into account the geographical in-
terests of each individual to be appointed as a 
member of the Advisory Board to ensure that 
an appropriate balance of geographical interests 
are represented by the members of the Advisory 
Board) who— 
‘‘(i) represent the interest group for 
which each seat is designated; 
‘‘(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean 
acidification or coastal acidification and its 
scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and 
community impacts; and 
‘‘(iii) have a record of distinguished 
service with respect to ocean acidification 
or coastal acidification, and such impacts; 
‘‘(B) give consideration to nominations and 
recommendations from the members of the 
interagency working group and the public for 
such appointments; and
703 
‘‘(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of 
scientific, industry, and geographical interests 
are represented by the members of the Advisory 
Board. 
‘‘(5) TERM OF MEMBERSHIP.—Each member of 
the Advisory Board— 
‘‘(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; 
and 
‘‘(B) may be appointed to more than one 
term. 
‘‘(6) CHAIR.—The Chair of the Subcommittee 
shall appoint one member of the Advisory Board to 
serve as the Chair of the Advisory Board. 
‘‘(7) MEETINGS.—Not less than once each cal-
endar year, the Advisory Board shall meet at such 
times and places as may be designated by the Chair 
of the Advisory Board, in consultation with the 
Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the 
interagency working group. 
‘‘(8) BRIEFING.—The Chair of the Advisory 
Board shall brief the Subcommittee and the inter-
agency working group on the progress of the Advi-
sory Board as necessary or at the request of the 
Subcommittee.
704 
‘‘(9) FEDERAL
ADVISORY
COMMITTEE
ACT.— 
Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act 
shall not apply to the Advisory Board.’’. 
SEC. 10705. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN. 
Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘acidification’’ each place it 
appears and inserting ‘‘acidification and coastal 
acidification’’; 
(B) in the first sentence— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘, and not later than 
every 5 years thereafter’’ after ‘‘the date of 
enactment of this Act’’; 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘address the socio-
economic impacts of ocean acidification 
and coastal acidification and to’’ after 
‘‘mitigation strategies to’’; and 
(iii) by striking ‘‘marine ecosystems’’ 
each place it appears and inserting ‘‘eco-
systems’’; and 
(C) in the second sentence, by inserting 
‘‘and recommendations made by the Advisory 
Board in the review of the plan required under
705 
section 12404(c)(2)(B)(i)’’ after ‘‘subsection 
(d)’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘and so-
cial sciences’’ after ‘‘among the ocean sciences’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘impacts, includ-
ing trends of changes in ocean chemistry,’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘improve the abil-
ity to assess the’’ and inserting ‘‘as-
sess the short-term and long-term’’; 
and 
(II) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the 
end and inserting a semicolon; 
(iii) by amending subparagraph (C) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(C) provide information for the— 
‘‘(i) development of adaptation and 
mitigation strategies to address the socio-
economic impacts of ocean acidification 
and coastal acidification; 
‘‘(ii) conservation of marine organisms 
and ecosystems;
706 
‘‘(iii) assessment of the effectiveness 
of such adaptation and mitigation strate-
gies; and’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) improve research on— 
‘‘(i) ocean acidification and coastal 
acidification; 
‘‘(ii) the interactions between and ef-
fects of multiple combined stressors includ-
ing changes in water chemistry, changes in 
sediment delivery, hypoxia, and harmful 
algal blooms, on ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification; and 
‘‘(iii) the effect of environmental 
stressors on marine resources and eco-
systems;’’; 
(C) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘database 
development’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘data management’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subparagraphs:
707 
‘‘(J) assessment of adaptation and mitiga-
tion strategies; and 
‘‘(K) education and outreach activities;’’; 
(D) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘set 
forth’’ and inserting ‘‘ensure an appropriate 
balance of contribution in establishing’’; 
(E) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘reports’’ 
and inserting ‘‘the best available peer-reviewed 
scientific reports’’; 
(F) in paragraph (6)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and coastal acidifica-
tion’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘of the United States’’ 
and inserting ‘‘within the United States’’; 
(G) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘outline 
budget requirements’’ and inserting ‘‘estimate 
costs associated for full implementation of each 
element of the plan by fiscal year’’; 
(H) in paragraph (8)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and coastal acidifica-
tion’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’ each place 
it appears; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘its’’ and inserting 
‘‘their’’; and
708 
(iii) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the end 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(I) in paragraph (9), by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(J) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to 
support potentially affected industry members, 
coastal stakeholders, fishery management councils 
and commissions, non-Federal resource managers, 
and scientific experts on decision-making and adap-
tation related to ocean acidification and coastal 
acidification.’’; 
(3) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ‘‘sur-
face’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘and 
coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean acidification’’ 
each place it appears; 
(C) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘input, and’’ and in-
serting ‘‘inputs,’’; 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘, marine food webs,’’ 
after ‘‘marine ecosystems’’; and
709 
(iii) by inserting ‘‘, and modeling that 
supports 
fisheries 
management’’ 
after 
‘‘marine organisms’’; 
(D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ‘‘and 
coastal acidification’’ after ‘‘ocean acidifica-
tion’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(8) Research to understand related and cumu-
lative stressors and other biogeochemical processes 
occurring in conjunction with ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification.’’; and 
(4) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(e) ADVISORY BOARD EVALUATION.—Not later 
than 180 days before a plan is submitted to Congress, the 
Subcommittee shall provide the Advisory Board estab-
lished under section 12404(c) a copy of the plan for pur-
poses of review under paragraph (2)(B)(i) of such section. 
‘‘(f) PUBLICATION
AND PUBLIC COMMENT.—Not 
later than 90 days before the strategic research plan, or 
any revision thereof, is submitted to Congress, the Sub-
committee shall publish the plan in the Federal Register 
and provide an opportunity for submission of public com-
ments for a period of not less than 60 days.’’.
710 
SEC. 10706. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by inserting ‘‘coordination,’’ after ‘‘research, 
monitoring,’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by inserting ‘‘including the 
Integrated Ocean Observing System 
and the ocean observing assets of 
other Federal, State, and Tribal agen-
cies,’’ after ‘‘ocean observing assets,’’; 
and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘and agency 
and department missions, prioritizing 
the location of monitoring instru-
ments, assets, and projects to maxi-
mize the efficiency of resources and to 
optimize 
understanding 
of 
socio-
economic 
impacts 
and 
ecosystem 
health’’ after ‘‘research program’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (C)—
711 
(I) by striking ‘‘adaptation’’ and 
inserting ‘‘adaptation and mitigation’’; 
and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘and supporting 
socioeconomically vulnerable States, 
local governments, Tribes, commu-
nities, and industries through tech-
nical assistance and mitigation strate-
gies’’ after ‘‘marine ecosystems’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘its impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘their respec-
tive impacts’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘monitoring and impacts research’’ and in-
serting ‘‘research, monitoring, and adapta-
tion and mitigation strategies’’; and 
(v) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph: 
‘‘(G) research to improve understanding of 
the effect of— 
‘‘(i) other environmental stressors on 
ocean acidification and coastal acidifica-
tion;
712 
‘‘(ii) multiple environmental stressors 
on living marine resources and coastal eco-
systems; and 
‘‘(iii) adaptation and mitigation strat-
egies to address the socioeconomic impacts 
of ocean acidification and coastal acidifica-
tion.’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘critical 
research projects that explore’’ and inserting 
‘‘critical research, education, and outreach 
projects that explore and communicate’’; and 
(D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking 
‘‘acidification’’ each place it appears and insert-
ing ‘‘acidification and coastal acidification’’; 
and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(c) RELATIONSHIP
TO INTERAGENCY WORKING 
GROUP.—The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin-
istration shall serve as the lead Federal agency responsible 
for coordinating the Federal response to ocean acidifica-
tion and coastal acidification, by— 
‘‘(1) leading the interagency working group in 
implementing the strategic research plan under sec-
tion 12405;
713 
‘‘(2) coordinating monitoring and research ef-
forts among Federal agencies in cooperation with 
State, local, and Tribal government and inter-
national partners; 
‘‘(3) maintaining an Ocean Acidification Infor-
mation 
Exchange 
described 
under 
section 
12404(b)(5) to allow for information to be electroni-
cally accessible, including information— 
‘‘(A) on ocean acidification developed 
through or used by the ocean acidification pro-
gram described under section 12406(a); or 
‘‘(B) that would be useful to State govern-
ments, local governments, Tribal governments, 
resource managers, policymakers, researchers, 
and other stakeholders in mitigating or adapt-
ing to the impacts of ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification; and 
‘‘(4) establishing and maintaining the data ar-
chive system under subsection (d). 
‘‘(d) DATA ARCHIVE SYSTEM.— 
‘‘(1) MANAGEMENT.—The Secretary, in coordi-
nation with members of the interagency working 
group, shall provide for the long-term stewardship 
of, and access to, data relating to ocean acidification 
and coastal acidification by establishing and main-
714 
taining a data archive system that the National Cen-
ter for Environmental Information uses to process, 
store, archive, provide access to, and incorporate to 
the extent possible, such data collected— 
‘‘(A) through relevant federally-funded re-
search; and 
‘‘(B) by a Federal agency, State agency, 
local agency, Tribe, academic scientist, citizen 
scientist, or industry organization. 
‘‘(2) EXISTING GLOBAL OR NATIONAL DATA AS-
SETS.—In establishing and maintaining the data ar-
chive system under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall ensure that existing global or national data as-
sets (including the data assets maintained by the 
National Centers for Environmental Information, 
the Integrated Ocean Observing System, and other 
existing data systems within Federal agencies) are 
incorporated to the greatest extent possible. 
‘‘(e) STANDARDS, PROTOCOLS, AND PROCEDURES.— 
With respect to the data described in subsection (d), the 
Secretary, in coordination with members of the inter-
agency working group, shall establish and revise as nec-
essary the standards, protocols, or procedures for— 
‘‘(1) processing, storing, archiving, and pro-
viding access to such data;
715 
‘‘(2) the interoperability and intercalibration of 
such data; 
‘‘(3) the collection of any metadata underlying 
such data; and 
‘‘(4) sharing such data with State, local, and 
Tribal government programs, potentially affected in-
dustry members, coastal stakeholders, fishery man-
agement councils and commissions, non-Federal re-
source managers, and academia. 
‘‘(f) DISSEMINATION
OF
OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION 
DATA AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION DATA.—The Sec-
retary, in coordination with members of the interagency 
working group, shall disseminate the data described under 
subsection (d) to the greatest extent practicable by sharing 
such data on full and open access exchanges. 
‘‘(g) REQUIREMENT.—Recipients of grants from the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under 
this subtitle that collect data described under subsection 
(d) shall— 
‘‘(1) collect such data in accordance with the 
standards, protocols, or procedures established pur-
suant to subsection (e); and 
‘‘(2) submit such data to the data archive sys-
tem under subsection (d) after publication, in ac-
716 
cordance with any rules promulgated by the Sec-
retary.’’. 
SEC. 10707. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘ocean acidification’’ each place 
it appears and inserting ‘‘ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification’’; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘its impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘their 
respective impacts’’; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and its 
impacts’’ and inserting ‘‘and their respective 
impacts’’; 
(C) in paragraph (4), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to ad-
dress socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification.’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following:
717 
‘‘(d) REQUIREMENT.—Recipients of grants from the 
National Science Foundation under this subtitle that col-
lect data described under section 12406(d) shall— 
‘‘(1) collect data in accordance with the stand-
ards, protocols, or procedures established pursuant 
to section 12406(e); and 
‘‘(2) submit such data to the Director and the 
Secretary after publication, in accordance with any 
rules promulgated by the Director or the Sec-
retary.’’. 
SEC. 10708. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES. 
Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is 
amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘ocean acidification’’ each place 
it appears and inserting ‘‘ocean acidification and 
coastal acidification’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘its impacts’’ 
and inserting ‘‘their respective impacts’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(d) REQUIREMENT.—Researchers from the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration under this subtitle 
that collect data described under section 12406(d) shall—
718 
‘‘(1) collect such data in accordance with the 
standards, protocols, or procedures established pur-
suant to section 12406(e); and 
‘‘(2) submit such data to the Administrator and 
the Secretary, in accordance with any rules promul-
gated by the Administrator or the Secretary.’’. 
SEC. 10709. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Re-
search and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘subtitle—’’ 
and all that follows through paragraph (4) and in-
serting the following: ‘‘subtitle— 
‘‘(1) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(2) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
‘‘(3) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(4) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 
‘‘(5) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘subtitle—’’ 
and all that follows through paragraph (4) and in-
serting the following: ‘‘subtitle $20,000,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’.
719 
Subtitle K—National Nuclear Uni-
versity Research Infrastructure 
Reinvestment 
SEC. 10711. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘National Nuclear 
University Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 
2021’’. 
SEC. 10712. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this subtitle are— 
(1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities 
of universities in the United States to meet the re-
search requirements of advanced nuclear energy sys-
tems; 
(2) to ensure the continued operation of univer-
sity research reactors; 
(3) to coordinate available resources to enable 
the establishment, including the start and efficient 
completion of construction, of new nuclear science 
and engineering facilities; and 
(4) to support— 
(A) workforce development critical to 
maintaining United States leadership in nuclear 
science and engineering and related disciplines; 
and
720 
(B) the establishment or enhancement of 
nuclear science and engineering capabilities and 
other, related capabilities at historically Black 
colleges and universities, Tribal colleges or uni-
versities, minority-serving institutions, EPSCoR 
universities, junior or community colleges, and 
associate-degree-granting colleges. 
SEC. 10713. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORA-
TION. 
Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16274(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2) by amending subpara-
graph (D) to read as follows: 
‘‘(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, 
and knowledge sharing between institutions of 
higher education, National Laboratories, other 
Federal agencies, industry, and associated labor 
unions; and’’. 
(2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as fol-
low: 
‘‘(4) STRENGTHENING UNIVERSITY RESEARCH 
AND TRAINING REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED INFRA-
STRUCTURE.—
721 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 
program under this subsection, the Secretary 
may support— 
‘‘(i) converting research reactors from 
high-enrichment fuels to low-enrichment 
fuels and upgrading operational instrumen-
tation; 
‘‘(ii) revitalizing and upgrading exist-
ing nuclear science and engineering infra-
structure that support the development of 
advanced nuclear technologies and applica-
tions; 
‘‘(iii) regional or subregional univer-
sity-led consortia to— 
‘‘(I) broaden access to university 
research reactors; 
‘‘(II) enhance existing university- 
based nuclear science and engineering 
infrastructure; and 
‘‘(III) provide project manage-
ment, technical support, quality engi-
neering and inspections, manufac-
turing, and nuclear material support; 
‘‘(iv) student training programs, in 
collaboration with the United States nu-
722 
clear industry, in relicensing and upgrad-
ing reactors, including through the provi-
sion of technical assistance; and 
‘‘(v) reactor improvements that em-
phasize research, training, and education, 
including through the Innovations in Nu-
clear Infrastructure and Education Pro-
gram or any similar program. 
‘‘(B) Of any amounts appropriated to 
carry out the program under this subsection, 
there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary to carry out clauses (ii) and (iii) of 
subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each of fis-
cal years 2022 through 2026.’’. 
SEC. 10714. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUC-
TURE ENHANCEMENT SUBPROGRAM. 
Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through 
(8) as paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively; 
(2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(5) ADVANCED
NUCLEAR
RESEARCH
INFRA-
STRUCTURE ENHANCEMENT.—
723 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 
carry out a subprogram to be known as the Ad-
vanced Nuclear Research Infrastructure En-
hancement Subprogram in order to— 
‘‘(i) demonstrate various advanced nu-
clear reactor and nuclear microreactor con-
cepts; 
‘‘(ii) establish medical isotope produc-
tion reactors or other specialized applica-
tions; and 
‘‘(iii) advance other research infra-
structure that, in the determination of the 
Secretary, is consistent with the mission of 
the Department. 
‘‘(B) NEW NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGI-
NEERING FACILITIES.—In carrying out the sub-
program, the Secretary shall establish— 
‘‘(i) not more than 4 new research re-
actors; and 
‘‘(ii) new nuclear science and engi-
neering facilities, as required to address re-
search demand and identified infrastruc-
ture gaps.
724 
‘‘(C) LOCATIONS.—New research reactors 
and facilities established under subparagraph 
(B) shall be established in a manner that— 
‘‘(i) supports the regional or sub-
regional consortia described in paragraph 
(4)(C); and 
‘‘(ii) encourages the participation of— 
‘‘(I) historically Black colleges 
and universities; 
‘‘(II) Tribal colleges or univer-
sities; 
‘‘(III) minority-serving institu-
tions; 
‘‘(IV) EPSCoR universities; 
‘‘(V) junior or community col-
leges; and 
‘‘(VI) 
associate-degree-granting 
colleges. 
‘‘(D) FUEL
REQUIREMENTS.—New re-
search reactors established under subparagraph 
(B) shall not use high-enriched uranium, as de-
fined in section 2001 of division Z of the Con-
solidated Appropriations Act of 2021. 
‘‘(E) 
AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIA-
TIONS.—Of any amounts appropriated to carry
731 
tent practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas 
emissions to the atmosphere from the production of 
iron, steel, and steel mill products. 
‘‘(c) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of the America COMPETES Act 
of 2022, the Secretary shall establish a program of re-
search, development, demonstration, and commercial ap-
plication of advanced tools, technologies, and methods for 
low-emissions steel manufacturing. 
‘‘(d) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the program 
under subsection (c), the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) coordinate this program with the programs 
and activities authorized in title VI of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021; 
‘‘(2) coordinate across all relevant program of-
fices of the Department, including the Office of 
Science, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable 
Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, and the Office 
of Nuclear Energy; 
‘‘(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the re-
search infrastructure of the Department, including 
scientific computing user facilities, x-ray light 
sources, neutron scattering facilities, and nanoscale 
science research centers; and
732 
‘‘(4) conduct research, development, and dem-
onstration of low-emissions steel manufacturing 
technologies that have the potential to increase do-
mestic production and employment in advanced and 
commercially available steelmaking. 
‘‘(e) STRATEGIC PLAN.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of the America COM-
PETES Act of 2022, the Secretary shall develop a 
5-year strategic plan identifying research, develop-
ment, demonstration, and commercial application 
goals for the program established in subsection (c). 
The Secretary shall submit this plan to the Com-
mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on En-
ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate. 
‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—The strategic plan submitted 
under paragraph (1) shall— 
‘‘(A) identify programs at the Department 
related to low-emissions steel manufacturing 
that support the research, development, dem-
onstration, and commercial application activities 
described in this section, and the demonstration 
projects under subsection (h);