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(iii) noninvasive or nondestructive techniques for 
testing or evaluating aviation and aeronautics struc-
tures, including for materials and manufacturing proc-
esses; 
(B) to reduce the time it takes to design, industrialize, 
and certify advanced materials and manufacturing proc-
esses; 
(C) to provide education and training opportunities 
for the aerospace workforce; and 
(D) to address global cost and human capital competi-
tiveness for United States aeronautical industries and 
technological leadership in advanced materials and manu-
facturing technology. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—In carrying out a program under paragraph 
(1), the Administrator may— 
(A) build on work that was carried out by the Advanced 
Composites Project of the Administration; 
(B) partner with the private and academic sectors, 
such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium 
of the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and 
Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation 
Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the 
Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as 
the Administrator considers appropriate; 
(C) provide a structure for managing intellectual prop-
erty generated by the program based on or consistent with 
the structure established for the Advanced Composites 
Consortium of the Administration; 
(D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for applicable 
research; and 
(E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and 
composites initiatives in other mission directorates of the 
Administration, as the Administrator considers appro-
priate. 
(f) RESEARCH PARTNERSHIPS.—In carrying out the demonstra-
tions under subsection (c) and a program under subsection (e), 
the Administrator may engage in cooperative research programs 
with— 
(1) academia; and 
(2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers. 
SEC. 10832. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS. 
(a) UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS OPERATION PROGRAM.—The 
Administrator shall— 
(1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including 
unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating 
unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system; 
(2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry 
focused on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic 
management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and 
(3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio 
of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft sys-
tems into the national airspace system, consistent with public 
safety and national security objectives. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COORDINATION WITH FEDERAL AVIA-
TION ADMINISTRATION.—It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) NASA should continue—
H. R. 4346—384 
(A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion on research on air traffic management systems for 
unmanned aircraft systems; and 
(B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration in 
the integration of air traffic management systems for 
unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace 
system; and 
(2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title 
49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for 
research on— 
(A) air traffic management systems for unmanned air-
craft systems; and 
(B) the integration of such systems into the national 
airspace system. 
SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES. 
(a) INITIATIVE REQUIRED.—Section 40112 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as sub-
sections (c) through (g), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following: 
‘‘(b) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE ON REDUCTION 
OF GREENHOUSE GAS AND NOISE EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall establish an 
initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new tech-
nologies and concepts— 
‘‘(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation, 
including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, other greenhouse 
gases, water vapor, black carbon and sulfate aerosols, and 
increased cloudiness due to contrail formation; 
‘‘(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and 
‘‘(C) 
to 
enable 
associated 
aircraft 
performance 
characteristics. 
‘‘(2) GOALS.—The goals of the initiative required by para-
graph (1) shall be— 
‘‘(A) to ensure United States leadership in research 
and technology innovation leading to substantial reductions 
in aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the 
translation of basic research into applications, that may 
lead to transformational advances in reducing aviation 
noise and greenhouse gas emissions; 
‘‘(C) to accelerate research and development that 
contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing air-
craft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and 
‘‘(D) to obtain and disseminate associated testing and 
performance data that facilitates the incorporation of new 
technologies into commercial aircraft development as soon 
as practicable. 
‘‘(3) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the initiative estab-
lished under paragraph (1) and the goals described in para-
graph (2) shall include— 
‘‘(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of greenhouse 
gas emissions from new aircraft by at least 50 percent, 
as compared to the highest-performing aircraft technologies 
in service as of December 31, 2021;
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‘‘(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all phases 
of flight that do not exceed ambient noise levels in the 
absence of flight operations in the vicinity of the flight 
route; 
‘‘(C) net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft 
by 2050; and 
‘‘(D) demonstration of new technologies developed 
pursuant to such initiative on— 
‘‘(i) regional aircraft intended to enter into service 
by 2030; and 
‘‘(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to accommodate 
more than 125 passengers intended to enter into 
service by 2040.’’. 
(b) TECHNOLOGY FOCUS AREAS.—In carrying out the research 
and development initiative established under section 40112(b) of 
title 51, United States Code, the Administrator shall advance 
research, development, and demonstration projects on promising 
technologies such as— 
(1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and 
integration; 
(2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including battery 
electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems; 
(3) airframe concepts and configurations; 
(4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit 
analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction tech-
nologies; 
(5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-systems- 
level modeling and integration; 
(6) airspace operations improvements; 
(7) noise emissions reduction; and 
(8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration, 
that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation. 
(c) IMPLEMENTATION.—In implementing the initiative estab-
lished under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the 
Administrator shall, to the extent practicable— 
(1) ensure that testing and performance data integrates 
the results of community acceptance surveys conducted by the 
Federal Aviation Administration and other relevant studies, 
including studies on the impacts of new noise effects from 
novel propulsion systems and from airspace operations changes; 
(2) provide testing and performance data on the tech-
nologies described in subsection (b) of this section to the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to facili-
tate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in identi-
fying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and adminis-
trative capacity necessary to enable the safe integration of 
such technologies on aircraft; 
(3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current 
commercial production aircraft providers, academic institutions, 
small businesses, and new entrants, including partnerships 
to advance research and development activities related to both 
regional aircraft and aircraft designed to accommodate more 
than 125 passengers; 
(4) include universities, academic institutions, and other 
research organizations in the partnerships described in para-
graph (3); 
(5) expand basic research;
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(6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and partner-
ship opportunities with, underrepresented students, faculty, 
and minority-serving-institutions; 
(7) continue to coordinate with the Secretary of Energy 
on battery technology research; 
(8) make available the research and development carried 
out under the initiative established under subsection (b) of 
section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable 
an industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the 
goals and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that sub-
section; and 
(9) continue to support research, development, and dem-
onstration of aircraft concepts, including systems architecture, 
materials and components, integration of systems and airframe 
structures, human factors, airspace planning and operations, 
and the integration of related advanced technologies and con-
cepts, with the goal of carrying out test flights with integrated 
subsystems by 2025. 
(d) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Adminis-
trator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
report on the progress of the efforts carried out under the initiative 
established under subsection (b) of section 40112 of title 51, United 
States Code, including— 
(1) the status of progress on such initiative; 
(2) an updated, anticipated timeframe for readiness of tech-
nologies and aircraft to be adopted by industry with the emis-
sions reduction levels directed under that subsection; and 
(3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research 
activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives 
of such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
that subsection, and a description of any obstacles to achieving 
such goals and objectives. 
Subtitle D—Space Technology 
SEC. 10841. SPACE NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES. 
(a) NUCLEAR PROPULSION.— 
(1) USE IN ROBOTIC AND HUMAN EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES.— 
The Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal 
agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to 
carry out research and development, ground-based testing and 
in-space testing, and other associated activities to enable the 
use of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic and 
human exploration activities, including in cargo missions to 
Mars in the late 2020’s and crewed missions to Mars in the 
2030’s. 
(2) SPACE NUCLEAR PROPULSION PROGRAM.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator shall establish 
a space nuclear propulsion program to carry out the activi-
ties described in paragraph (1). 
(B) 
ELEMENTS.—The 
program 
established 
under 
subparagraph (A) shall include the following: