174 
terial support to facilitate, reward, or encourage acts of 
terrorism), or 2340A (relating to torture) of this title;’’. 
SEC. 602. PROHIBITING ATTEMPTS AND CONSPIRACIES TO 
OBTAIN MILITARY-TYPE TRAINING FROM A 
FOREIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATION. 
Section 2339D(a) of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting ‘‘, or attempts or conspires to do 
so,’’ after ‘‘foreign terrorist organization’’. 
SEC. 603. KIDNAPPING AND RAPE OVERSEAS. 
Section 2332 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by— 
(1) redesignating the subsections (c) and (d) as 
subsections (d) and (e), respectively; 
(2) inserting the following new subsection (c): 
‘‘(c) KIDNAPPING.—Whoever outside the United 
States unlawfully seizes, confines, inveigles, decoys, kid-
naps, abducts, or carries away, or attempts or conspires 
to seize, confine, inveigle, decoy, kidnap, abduct, or carry 
away, a national of the United States, shall be fined under 
this title, punished by imprisonment for any term of years 
or for life, or both, and if the death of any person results, 
shall be fined under this title, punished by death or impris-
onment for any term of years or for life, or both.’’; and 
(3) in subsection (d) (as redesignated), by— 
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(A) inserting ‘‘(as defined in section 1365 
of this title, including any conduct that, if the 
conduct occurred in the special maritime and 
territorial jurisdiction of the United States, 
would violate section 2241 or 2242 of this 
title)’’ after ‘‘injury’’ in paragraphs (1) and (2); 
and 
(B) striking ‘‘ten’’ and inserting ‘‘25’’. 
SEC. 604. HOSTAGE TAKING. 
Section 1203 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 1203. Hostage taking 
‘‘(a) Whoever, whether inside or outside the United 
States, seizes or detains and threatens to kill, to injure, 
or to continue to detain without lawful authority— 
‘‘(1) any officer or employee of the United 
States or of any agency in any branch of the United 
States Government (including any member of the 
uniformed services) while such officer or employee is 
engaged in or on account of the performance of offi-
cial duties, or any person assisting such an officer 
or employee in the performance of such duties or on 
account of that assistance, or whoever attempts or 
conspires to do so; or 
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‘‘(2) except as provided in subsection (b) of this 
section, another person in order to compel a third 
person or a governmental organization to do or ab-
stain from doing any act as an explicit or implicit 
condition for the release of the person detained, or 
whoever attempts or conspires to do so, 
shall be punished by imprisonment for any term of years 
or for life and, if the death of any person results, shall 
be punished by death or life imprisonment. 
‘‘(b)(1) It is not an offense under subsection (a)(2) 
if the conduct required for the offense occurred outside 
the United States unless— 
‘‘(A) the offender or the person seized or de-
tained is a national of the United States; 
‘‘(B) the offender is found in the United States; 
or 
‘‘(C) the governmental organization sought to 
be compelled is the Government of the United 
States. 
‘‘(2) It is not an offense under subsection (a)(2) if 
the conduct required for the offense occurred inside the 
United States, each alleged offender and each person 
seized or detained are nationals of the United States, and 
each alleged offender is found in the United States, unless 
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the governmental organization sought to be compelled is 
the Government of the United States. 
‘‘(c) As used in this section, the term ‘national of the 
United States’ has the meaning given such term in section 
101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).’’. 
SEC. 605. INTERFERENCE WITH FLIGHT CREW OR THREAT 
TO SAFETY OF AIRCRAFT. 
Section 46504 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by— 
(1) amending the heading for such section to 
read as follows: ‘‘Interference with flight crew or 
threat to safety of aircraft.’’; and 
(2) designating the existing language as sub-
section (a), and adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) An individual on an aircraft in the special air-
craft jurisdiction of the United States who knowingly or 
recklessly takes any action that poses a serious threat to 
the safety of the aircraft or other individuals on the air-
craft, shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not 
more than 10 years, or both.’’. 
SEC. 606. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR PROVIDING MATE-
RIAL SUPPORT TO TERRORISTS. 
Section 2339D of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘or imprisoned for ten years, or 
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