SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Baltic Defense and 
Deterrence Act’’. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) supporting and strengthening the security 
of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (referred to in 
this Act as the ‘‘Baltic countries’’) is in the national 
security interests of the United States; 
(2) continuing to strengthen and update the 
United States-Baltics security cooperation roadmap 
is critical to achieving strategic security priorities as 
the Baltic countries face ongoing belligerence and 
threats from the Russian Federation, including amid 
the Russian Federation’s illegal and unprovoked war 
in Ukraine that began on February 24, 2022; 
(3) the United States should encourage ad-
vancement of the Three Seas Initiative to strengthen 
transport, energy, and digital infrastructures among 
Eastern European countries, including the Baltic 
countries; and 
(4) improved economic ties between the United 
States and the Baltic countries, including to counter 
economic pressure by the People’s Republic of 
China, offer an opportunity to strengthen the United 
States-Baltic strategic partnership. 
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SEC. 3. BALTIC SECURITY AND ECONOMIC ENHANCEMENT 
INITIATIVE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State shall 
establish and implement an initiative, to be known as the 
‘‘Baltic Security and Economic Enhancement Initiative’’, 
for the purpose of increasing security and economic ties 
with the Baltic countries. 
(b) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Baltic Secu-
rity and Economic Enhancement Initiative shall be— 
(1) to ensure timely delivery of security assist-
ance to the Baltic countries, prioritizing assistance 
to bolster defenses against hybrid warfare and im-
prove interoperability with the military forces of the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; 
(2) to mitigate the impact on the Baltic coun-
tries of economic coercion by the Russian Federation 
and the People’s Republic of China; 
(3) to identify new opportunities for foreign di-
rect investment and United States business ties; and 
(4) to bolster United States support for the eco-
nomic and energy security needs of the Baltic coun-
tries, including by convening an annual trade forum 
with the Baltic countries and the United States 
International Development Finance Corporation. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated for the Department of 
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State, $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
2027 to carry out the initiative authorized under sub-
section (a). 
SEC. 4. BALTIC SECURITY INITIATIVE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish and implement an initiative, to be known 
as the ‘‘Baltic Security Initiative’’, for the purpose of 
deepening security cooperation with the Baltic countries. 
(b) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Baltic Secu-
rity Initiative shall be— 
(1) to achieve United States national security 
objectives, including deterring aggression by the 
Russian Federation and bolstering the long-term se-
curity of North Atlantic Treaty Organization allies; 
(2) to enhance regional planning and coopera-
tion among the Baltic countries, particularly with re-
spect to long-term regional capability projects, in-
cluding— 
(A) long range precision fire systems and 
capabilities; 
(B) integrated air and missile defense; 
(C) maritime domain awareness; 
(D) land forces development, including 
stockpiling large caliber ammunition; 
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(E) command, control, communications, 
computers, intelligence, surveillance, and recon-
naissance; 
(F) special operations forces development; 
and 
(G) coordination with and security en-
hancements for Poland, which is a neighboring 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization ally; and 
(3) to improve the Baltic countries’ cyber de-
fenses and resilience to hybrid threats. 
(c) STRATEGY.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report 
setting forth the strategy of the Department of De-
fense to achieve the objectives described in sub-
section (b). 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—The strategy required 
by paragraph (1) shall include a consideration of— 
(A) security assistance programs for the 
Baltic countries managed by the Department of 
State; 
(B) the ongoing security threats to the 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s eastern 
flank posed by Russian aggression, including as 
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a result of the Russian Federation’s 2022 inva-
sion of Ukraine with support from Belarus; and 
(C) rising tensions with, and presence in 
the Baltic countries of, the People’s Republic of 
China, including economic bullying of the Baltic 
countries by the People’s Republic of China. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated for the Department of De-
fense, $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
2027 to carry out the initiative authorized under sub-
section (a). 
Æ 
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