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(A) the foreign country for which training, 
equipment, supplies, or services are proposed to 
be supplied; 
(B) a description of the training, equip-
ment, supplies, and services to be provided 
using such funds; 
(C) a detailed description of the amount of 
funds proposed to be obligated or expended to 
supply such training, equipment, supplies or 
services, including any funds proposed to be ob-
ligated or expended to support the participation 
of another department or agency of the United 
States and a description of the training, equip-
ment, supplies, or services proposed to be sup-
plied; 
(D) an evaluation of the effectiveness of 
the efforts of the foreign country identified 
under subparagraph (A) to counter the flow of 
improvised explosive device precursor chemicals; 
and 
(E) an overall plan for countering the flow 
of precursor chemicals in the foreign country 
identified under subparagraph (A). 
(4) EXPIRATION.—The authority provided by 
this subsection expires on December 31, 2019. 
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(c) TRANSITION PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 
March 1, 2019, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
the Committees on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Senate a plan to transition funding 
for the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Fund from 
amounts made available for overseas contingency oper-
ations to amounts otherwise made available for the pur-
poses of such Fund. 
SEC. 1523. SEPARATE ACCOUNT LINES FOR OVERSEAS CON-
TINGENCY OPERATIONS FUNDS. 
For accountability and transparency purposes, the 
Director of the Office of Management and Budget and the 
Secretary of Defense shall establish separate accounts to 
ensure that amounts authorized to be appropriated pursu-
ant to this title are administered separately from amounts 
otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available 
for the Department of Defense. 
SEC. 1524. ENDURING COSTS FUNDED THROUGH OVERSEAS 
CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS. 
Beginning with the submission of the annual budget 
for fiscal year 2020, and for each fiscal year thereafter, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress, as a 
part of the documentation that supports the President’s 
annual budget for the Department of Defense for such fis-
cal year (as submitted to Congress under section 1105 of 
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title 31, United States Code), an estimate for the costs 
of operations currently supported in part or in whole by 
funding for overseas contingency operations that are likely 
to continue beyond such contingency. The Secretary shall 
ensure that each estimate is consistent with the rec-
ommendations included in the Government Accountability 
Report entitled ‘‘Overseas Contingency Operations: OMB 
and DOD Should Revise the Criteria for Determining Eli-
gible Costs and Identify the Costs Likely to Endure Long 
Term’’ published January 18, 2017. 
SEC. 1525. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REPORT ON USE OF 
FUNDS PROVIDED BY OVERSEAS CONTIN-
GENCY OPERATIONS. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of 
the United States shall submit to Congress a report on 
how funds authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 
2018 for overseas contingency operations were obligated. 
(b) FORM.—The report under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classi-
fied annex. 
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TITLE 
XVI—STRATEGIC 
PRO-
GRAMS, CYBER, AND INTEL-
LIGENCE MATTERS 
Subtitle A—Space Activities 
SEC. 1601. IMPROVEMENTS TO ACQUISITION SYSTEM, PER-
SONNEL, 
AND 
ORGANIZATION 
OF 
SPACE 
FORCES. 
(a) PLAN FOR ACQUISITION SYSTEM.— 
(1) DEVELOPMENT.—The Deputy Secretary of 
Defense shall develop a plan to establish a separate, 
alternative acquisition system for defense space ac-
quisitions, including with respect to procuring space 
vehicles, ground segments relating to such vehicles, 
and satellite terminals. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS PROCESS.—The plan devel-
oped under paragraph (1) shall include recommenda-
tions of the Deputy Secretary with respect to wheth-
er the separate, alternative acquisition system de-
scribed in the plan should use the Joint Capabilities 
Integration and Development System process or in-
stead use a new requirements process developed by 
the Deputy Secretary in a manner that ensures that 
requirements for a program are synchronized across 
the space vehicles, ground segments relating to such 
vehicles, and satellite terminals, of the program. 
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(3) EXCEPTION.—The plan developed under 
paragraph (1) shall cover defense space acquisitions 
except with respect to the National Reconnaissance 
Office and other elements of the Department of De-
fense that are elements of the intelligence commu-
nity (as defined in section 3 of the National Security 
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)). 
(4) SUBMISSION.—Not later than December 31, 
2019, the Deputy Secretary shall submit to the con-
gressional defense committees a report containing 
the plan developed under paragraph (1). 
(b) CADRE DEVELOPMENT.— 
(1) PLAN.— 
(A) DEVELOPMENT.—The Secretary of the 
Air Force shall develop and implement a plan 
to increase the number and improve the quality 
of the space cadre of the Air Force. 
(B) MATTERS INCLUDED.—The plan devel-
oped under subparagraph (A) shall address the 
following: 
(i) Managing the career progression of 
members of the Armed Forces and civilian 
employees of the Department who form the 
space cadre of the Air Force throughout 
the military or civilian career of the mem-
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ber or the employee, as the case may be, 
including with respect to— 
(I) defining career professional 
milestones; 
(II) pay and incentive structures; 
(III) the management and over-
sight of the space cadre; 
(IV) training relating to planning 
and executing warfighting missions 
and operations in space; 
(V) conducting periodic cadre- 
wide professional assessments to de-
termine how the cadre is developing 
as a group; and 
(VI) establishing a centralized 
method to control personnel assign-
ments and distribution. 
(ii) The identification of future space- 
related career fields that the Secretary de-
termines appropriate, including a space ac-
quisition career field. 
(iii) The identification of any overlap 
that exists among operations and acquisi-
tions career fields to determine opportuni-
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ties for cross-functional career opportuni-
ties. 
(C) SUBMISSION.—Not later than March 
1, 2019, the Secretary shall submit to the con-
gressional defense committees a report con-
taining the plan developed under subparagraph 
(A). 
(2) NUMBERED AIR FORCE.— 
(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than De-
cember 31, 2019, the Secretary of the Air 
Force shall establish as part of the Air Force 
a new numbered Air Force that is— 
(i) responsible for carrying out space 
warfighting operations; and 
(ii) assigned to the United States 
Space Command established by section 169 
of title 10, United States Code, as added 
by subsection (c). 
(B) EFFECT ON 14TH AIR FORCE.—The 
establishment of a new numbered Air Force 
under subparagraph (A) shall not effect the 
space support mission of the 14th Air Force, 
including with respect to— 
(i) space launches, training, and exer-
cises; and 
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(ii) being assigned to the Air Force 
Space Command. 
(C) PLAN.—Not later than December 31, 
2019, the Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a plan to establish 
the new numbered Air Force under subpara-
graph (A). 
(c) ESTABLISHMENT
OF SUBORDINATE UNIFIED 
COMMAND.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 6 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new section: 
‘‘§ 169. Subordinate unified command of the United 
States Strategic Command 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—With the advice and assist-
ance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the 
President, through the Secretary of Defense, shall estab-
lish under the United States Strategic Command a subor-
dinate unified command to be known as the United States 
Space Command (in this section referred to as ‘space com-
mand’) for carrying out joint space warfighting oper-
ations. 
‘‘(b) ASSIGNMENT OF FORCES.—Unless otherwise di-
rected by the Secretary of Defense, all active and reserve 
space warfighting operational forces of the armed forces 
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shall be assigned to the space command, including the 
numbered Air Force responsible for carrying out space 
warfighting operations. 
‘‘(c) COMMANDER.—(1) The commander of the space 
command shall hold the grade of general or, in the case 
of an officer of the Navy, admiral while serving in that 
position, without vacating the permanent grade of the offi-
cer. The commander shall be appointed to that grade by 
the President, by and with the advice and consent of the 
Senate, for service in that position. The position shall be 
designated, pursuant to subsection (b) of section 526 of 
this title, as one of the general officer and flag officer posi-
tions to be excluded from the limitations in subsection (a) 
of such section. 
‘‘(2) During the three-year period following the date 
on which the space command is established, the com-
mander of the Air Force Space Command may also serve 
as the commander of the space command so established. 
After such period, one individual may not concurrently 
serve as both such commanders. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORITY OF COMMANDER.—(1) Subject to 
the authority, direction, and control of the commander of 
the United States Strategic Command, the commander of 
the space command shall be responsible for, and shall have 
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‘‘(ix) Formulating and submitting requirements 
for intelligence support. 
‘‘(x) Monitoring the promotion of space oper-
ation forces and coordinating with the military de-
partments regarding the assignment, retention, 
training, professional military education, and special 
and incentive pays of space operation forces. 
‘‘(B) The authority, direction, and control exercised 
by the Deputy Secretary of Defense for purposes of this 
paragraph is authority, direction, and control with respect 
to the administration and support of the space command, 
including readiness and organization of space operations 
forces, space operations-peculiar equipment and resources, 
and civilian personnel. 
‘‘(C) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as 
providing the Deputy Secretary of Defense authority, di-
rection, and control of operational matters that are subject 
to the operational chain of command of the combatant 
commands or the exercise of authority, direction, and con-
trol of personnel, resources, equipment, and other matters 
that are not space-operations peculiar and that are in the 
purview of the armed forces. 
‘‘(3) The commander of the space command shall be 
responsible for— 
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‘‘(A) ensuring the combat readiness of forces 
assigned to the space command; and 
‘‘(B) monitoring the preparedness to carry out 
assigned missions of space forces assigned to unified 
combatant commands other than the United States 
Strategic Command. 
‘‘(4) The staff of the commander shall include an in-
spector general who shall conduct internal audits and in-
spections of purchasing and contracting actions through 
the space command and such other inspector general func-
tions as may be assigned. 
‘‘(e) INTELLIGENCE AND SPECIAL ACTIVITIES.—This 
section does not constitute authority to conduct any activ-
ity which, if carried out as an intelligence activity by the 
Department of Defense, would require a notice to the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and the Per-
manent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives under title V of the National Security Act 
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.).’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions at the beginning of such chapter is amended 
by inserting after the item relating to section 167b 
the following new item: 
‘‘169. Subordinate unified command of the United States Strategic Command’’. 
(3) BRIEFING.—The Secretary of the Air Force 
shall provide the Committees on Armed Services of 
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the House of Representatives and the Senate a brief-
ing on the need to develop additional recruitment 
measures or Reserve Officer Training Corps pro-
grams relating to space career fields. 
SEC. 1602. RAPID, RESPONSIVE, AND RELIABLE SPACE 
LAUNCH. 
(a) ASSURED ACCESS TO SPACE.—Section 2273 of 
title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘; and’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(3) the availability of rapid, responsive, and 
reliable space launches for national security space 
programs to— 
‘‘(A) improve the responsiveness and flexi-
bility of a national security space system; 
‘‘(B) lower the costs of launching a na-
tional security space system; and 
‘‘(C) maintain risks of mission success at 
acceptably low levels.’’; and 
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(2) in subsection (c), by inserting before the pe-
riod at the end the following: ‘‘and the Director of 
National Intelligence’’. 
(b) REUSABILITY OF LAUNCH VEHICLES.— 
(1) DESIGNATION.—Effective March 1, 2019, 
the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle program of 
the Department of Defense shall be known as the 
‘‘National Security Space Launch program’’. Any 
reference in Federal law, regulations, guidance, in-
structions, or other documents of the Federal Gov-
ernment to the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle 
program shall be deemed to be a reference to the 
National Security Space Launch program. 
(2) REQUIREMENT.—In carrying out the Na-
tional Security Space Launch program, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall provide for consideration of 
both reusable and expendable launch vehicles with 
respect to any solicitation occurring on or after 
March 1, 2019, for which the use of a reusable 
launch vehicle is technically capable and maintains 
risk at acceptable levels. 
(3) NOTIFICATION OF SOLICITATIONS FOR NON- 
REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES.—Beginning March 1, 
2019, if the Secretary proposes to issue a solicita-
tion for a contract for space launch services for 
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which the use of reusable launch vehicles is not eligi-
ble for the award of the contract, the Secretary shall 
notify in writing the appropriate congressional com-
mittees of such proposed solicitation, including jus-
tifications for such ineligibility, by not later than 60 
days before issuing such solicitation. 
(c) RISK AND COST IMPACT ANALYSIS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct 
a risk and cost impact analysis with respect to 
launch services that use reusable launch vehicles. 
Such analysis shall include— 
(A) an assessment of how the inspection 
and certification regime of the Air Force for 
previously flown launch vehicles will ensure in-
creased responsiveness and operational flexi-
bility while maintaining acceptably low risk; and 
(B) an assessment of the anticipated cost 
savings to the Department of Defense realized 
by using a previously flown launch vehicle or 
components. 
(2) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees the analysis conducted under paragraph 
(1). 
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(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means the following: 
(1) The congressional defense committees. 
(2) The Permanent Select Committee on Intel-
ligence of the House of Representatives and the Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 1603. PROVISION OF SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS 
SERVICES AND INFORMATION. 
(a) ROLE OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.—Section 
2274(a) of title 10, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by striking ‘‘The Secretary of Defense may’’ 
and inserting ‘‘(1) Except as provided by paragraph 
(2), the Secretary of Defense may’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(2) Beginning January 1, 2024, the Secretary may 
provide space situational awareness services and informa-
tion to, and may obtain space situational awareness data 
and information from, non-United States Government en-
tities under paragraph (1) only to the extent that the Sec-
retary determines such actions are necessary to meet the 
national security interests of the United States.’’. 
(b) INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT.— 
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(1) FFRDC.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall seek to enter into a contract with a 
federally funded research and development center for 
which the Department of Defense is a sponsor to as-
sess which single or combination of departments or 
agencies of the Federal Government, if any, should 
assume the authorities of the Secretary of Defense 
under paragraph (1) of section 2274(a) of title 10, 
United States Code, that the Secretary will no 
longer carry out beginning on January 1, 2024, pur-
suant to paragraph (2) of such section, as added by 
subsection (a) of this section. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—The assessment under 
paragraph (1) shall consider the following: 
(A) The existing staff, budgetary re-
sources, and institutional expertise of the de-
partments and agencies of the Federal Govern-
ment evaluated by the assessment. 
(B) The demonstrated ability of such de-
partments and agencies to work collaboratively 
with industry in developing best practices or 
consensus standards. 
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(C) The capacity of such departments and 
agencies to facilitate communication between 
space object operators to avoid a collision. 
(D) The ability of such departments and 
agencies to use other transaction agreements or 
similar transaction mechanisms. 
(E) 
Existing 
non-profit 
organizations 
through which such departments and agencies 
may oversee the private provision of space situ-
ational awareness services and information. 
(3) SUBMISSION.— 
(A) DOD.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date on which the Secretary and a federally 
funded research and development center enter 
into the contract under paragraph (1), the cen-
ter shall submit to the Secretary a report on 
the assessment conducted under such para-
graph. 
(B) CONGRESS.—Not later than 10 days 
after the date on which the Secretary receives 
the report under subparagraph (A), the Sec-
retary shall submit to the appropriate congres-
sional committees such report, without change. 
(c) PLAN.— 
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(1) DEVELOPMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, 
in coordination with the heads of other departments 
or agencies of the Federal Government determined 
appropriate by the Secretary, shall develop a plan to 
ensure that one or more departments or agencies of 
the Federal Government other than the Department 
of Defense may provide space situational awareness 
services and information to non-United States Gov-
ernment entities. 
(2) CONSIDERATION.—In developing the plan 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall take into 
consideration the assessment conducted under sub-
section (b)(1). 
(3) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date on which the Secretary submits the 
report under subsection (b)(3), the Secretary shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
the plan developed under paragraph (1). 
(d) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEES 
DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con-
gressional committees’’ means the following: 
(1) The congressional defense committees. 
(2) The Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure, the Committee on Energy and Com-
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merce, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives. 
(3) The Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of 
the Senate. 
SEC. 1604. BUDGET ASSESSMENTS FOR NATIONAL SECU-
RITY SPACE PROGRAMS. 
Section 239(b)(1) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(1) Not later than 30 days after the date on which 
the President submits to Congress the budget for each of 
fiscal years 2017 through 2021, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port on the budget for national security space programs 
of the Department of Defense. The Secretary may include 
the report in the defense budget materials if the Secretary 
submits such materials to Congress by such date.’’. 
SEC. 1605. ENHANCEMENT OF POSITIONING, NAVIGATION, 
AND TIMING CAPACITY. 
(a) CAPABILITY FOR TRUSTED SIGNALS.—The Sec-
retary of the Air Force shall ensure that military Global 
Positioning System user equipment terminals have the ca-
pability, including with appropriate mitigation efforts, to 
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receive trusted signals from the Galileo satellites of the 
European Union and the QZSS satellites of Japan, begin-
ning with increment 2 of the acquisition of such terminals. 
(b) CAPABILITY FOR OTHER SIGNALS.—The Sec-
retary of the Air Force shall ensure that military Global 
Positioning System user equipment terminals having the 
capability to receive non-allied positioning, navigation, and 
timing signals, beginning with increment 2 of the acquisi-
tion of such terminals, if the Secretary of Defense, in con-
sultation with the Commander of the United States Stra-
tegic Command, determines that— 
(1) the benefits of receiving such signals out-
weigh the risks; or 
(2) such risks can be appropriately mitigated. 
(c) ENGAGEMENT.—The Secretary of Defense, jointly 
with the Secretary of State, shall engage with relevant al-
lies of the United States to— 
(1) enable military Global Positioning System 
user equipment terminals to receive the positioning, 
navigation, and timing signals of such allies; and 
(2) negotiate as appropriate other potential 
agreements relating to the enhancement of posi-
tioning, navigation, and timing. 
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SEC. 4123. REFERENCES. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following defi-
nitions apply: 
(1) REDESIGNATED SECTION.—The term ‘‘re-
designated section’’ means a section of title 14, 
United States Code, that is redesignated by this 
title, as that section is so redesignated. 
(2) SOURCE SECTION.—The term ‘‘source sec-
tion’’ means a section of title 14, United States 
Code, that is redesignated by this title, as that sec-
tion was in effect before the redesignation. 
(b) REFERENCE TO SOURCE SECTION.— 
(1) TREATMENT OF REFERENCE.—A reference 
to a source section, including a reference in a regu-
lation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the 
corresponding redesignated section. 
(2) TITLE 14.—In title 14, United States Code, 
each reference in the text of such title to a source 
section is amended by striking such reference and 
inserting a reference to the appropriate, as deter-
mined using the tables located in this title, redesig-
nated section. 
(c) OTHER CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) REFERENCE
TO
SECTION
182.—Section 
1923(c) of title 14, United States Code, as so redes-
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‘‘(A) 10 members shall represent the com-
mercial fishing industry and— 
‘‘(i) as a group, shall together reflect 
a regional and representational balance; 
and 
‘‘(ii) as individuals, shall each have 
experience— 
‘‘(I) in the operation of vessels to 
which chapter 45 of this title applies; 
or 
‘‘(II) as a crew member or proc-
essing line worker on a fish processing 
vessel. 
‘‘(B) 1 member shall represent naval archi-
tects and marine engineers. 
‘‘(C) 1 member shall represent manufac-
turers of equipment for vessels to which chapter 
45 of this title applies. 
‘‘(D) 1 member shall represent education 
and training professionals related to fishing ves-
sel, fish processing vessel, and fish tender vessel 
safety and personnel qualifications. 
‘‘(E) 1 member shall represent under-
writers that insure vessels to which chapter 45 
of this title applies. 
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‘‘(c) MEMBERSHIP.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Committee shall con-
sist of 14 members appointed by the Secretary in ac-
cordance with this section and section 15109 of this 
chapter. 
‘‘(2) EXPERTISE.—Each member of the Com-
mittee shall have particular expertise, knowledge, 
and experience in matters relating to the function of 
the Committee. 
‘‘(3) REPRESENTATION.—Members of the Com-
mittee shall be appointed as follows: 
‘‘(A) 9 shall represent health-care profes-
sionals and have particular expertise, knowl-
edge, and experience regarding the medical ex-
aminations of merchant mariners or occupa-
tional medicine. 
‘‘(B) 5 shall represent professional mari-
ners and have particular expertise, knowledge, 
and experience in occupational requirements for 
mariners. 
‘‘§ 15105. National Boating Safety Advisory Com-
mittee 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a Na-
tional Boating Safety Advisory Committee (in this section 
referred to as the ‘Committee’). 
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‘‘(b) FUNCTION.—The Committee shall advise the 
Secretary on matters relating to national boating safety. 
‘‘(c) MEMBERSHIP.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Committee shall con-
sist of 21 members appointed by the Secretary in ac-
cordance with this section and section 15109 of this 
chapter. 
‘‘(2) EXPERTISE.—Each member of the Com-
mittee shall have particular expertise, knowledge, 
and experience in matters relating to the function of 
the Committee. 
‘‘(3) REPRESENTATION.—Members of the Com-
mittee shall be appointed as follows: 
‘‘(A) 7 members shall represent State offi-
cials responsible for State boating safety pro-
grams. 
‘‘(B) 7 members shall represent rec-
reational vessel and associated equipment man-
ufacturers. 
‘‘(C) 7 members shall represent the gen-
eral public or national recreational boating or-
ganizations and, of the 7, at least 5 shall rep-
resent national recreational boating organiza-
tions. 
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