(1) modify the procedures for civil consent de-
crees and consent agreements in civil litigation with 
State and local governmental entities arising from 
pattern or practice investigations under section 
210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law En-
forcement Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601) to ensure 
that— 
(A) the use of consent decrees and consent 
agreements fosters the creation and use of rem-
edies that are not limited to law enforcement 
reforms, such as mental health support, includ-
ing in cases where a pattern or practice of con-
duct is found to violate the Americans with Dis-
abilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), 
or community-based restorative justice mecha-
nisms; 
(B) community oversight requirements, 
such as a community oversight body described 
in subsection (b), are incorporated, when pos-
sible, into the terms of consent decrees and con-
sent agreements; and 
(C) remedies are developed and imple-
mented expeditiously, when possible; and 
(2) in carrying out paragraph (1)(A), request 
guidance from the heads of other relevant agencies, 
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such as the Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel-
opment and the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services, on the efficacy of the alternative remedies 
described in that paragraph. 
(b) COMMUNITY OVERSIGHT BODY DESCRIBED.—A 
community oversight body described in this subsection is 
an oversight entity that— 
(1) is comprised of individuals who— 
(A) represent the communities and organi-
zations within the State or unit of local govern-
ment to which the consent decree or consent 
agreement applies; and 
(B) do not work, and have not previously 
worked, in a law enforcement capacity; 
(2) has a role of— 
(A) ensuring compliance with the provi-
sions of the consent decree or consent agree-
ment; and 
(B) fostering transparency in the adminis-
tration and personnel of the law enforcement 
agency; and 
(3) has the authority to— 
(A) ask questions of the law enforcement 
agency; 
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(B) obtain documents, data, and informa-
tion from the law enforcement agency; and 
(C) make recommendations— 
(i) for modifications to the provisions 
of the consent decree or consent agree-
ment, as necessary; and 
(ii) to the law enforcement agency or 
governmental officials overseeing the agen-
cy about changes in policing services. 
SEC. 3. FUNDING FOR PATTERN OR PRACTICE INVESTIGA-
TIONS. 
(a) ADDITIONAL FUNDING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 
appropriated, in addition to any other amounts au-
thorized, $445,000,000 to the Civil Rights Division 
of the Department of Justice for each of fiscal years 
2025 through 2034, not less than $100,000,000 of 
which shall be made available each fiscal year for en-
forcement and technical assistance under section 
210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law En-
forcement Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601). 
(2) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, and an-
nually thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit 
to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and 
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the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
Representatives a report on the use of amounts ap-
propriated pursuant to the authorization of appro-
priations under paragraph (1), which shall include a 
detailed summary of how the amounts were used for 
pattern or practice investigations. 
(b) UNLAWFUL CONDUCT.—Subtitle D of title XXI 
of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act 
of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in the subtitle heading, by striking ‘‘Po-
lice’’; and 
(2) 
in 
section 
210401(a) 
(34 
U.S.C. 
12601(a))— 
(A) by striking ‘‘by law enforcement offi-
cers or by officials or employees of any govern-
mental agency with responsibility for the ad-
ministration of juvenile justice or the incarcer-
ation of juveniles’’ and inserting ‘‘by law en-
forcement officers, prosecutors, judges, officials 
or employees of any governmental agency with 
responsibility for the administration of juvenile 
justice or the incarceration of juveniles, or other 
officials or employees of any governmental 
agency involved in the administration of jus-
tice’’; and 
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(B) by inserting before the period at the 
end the following: ‘‘, provided that no pros-
ecutor shall be deemed to have engaged in un-
lawful conduct under this subsection on the 
basis of exercising discretion to decline to bring 
criminal charges’’. 
(c) AUTHORITY FOR STATE INVESTIGATIONS.—Sec-
tion 210401(b) of the Violent Crime Control and Law En-
forcement Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601(b)) is amend-
ed— 
(1) by striking ‘‘Whenever’’ and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(1) FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT.—Whenever’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1), as so designated, by strik-
ing ‘‘paragraph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (a)’’; 
and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) STATE ENFORCEMENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Whenever an attorney 
general of a State has reasonable cause to be-
lieve that a violation of subsection (a) has oc-
curred by a governmental authority, or agent 
thereof, of the State, including a prosecutor or 
other agency involved in the administration of 
justice, the attorney general, or another official 
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or agency designated by the State, may in a 
civil action brought in any appropriate district 
court of the United States obtain appropriate 
equitable and declaratory relief to eliminate the 
pattern or practice. 
‘‘(B) PREVENTION OF CONFLICTS OF IN-
TEREST.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—No official or 
agency may be designated under subpara-
graph (A) if— 
‘‘(I) upon such designation, the 
Attorney General determines there is 
reason to believe— 
‘‘(aa) the official or agency 
would be unable to conduct an 
independent investigation; or 
‘‘(bb) a conflict of interest 
between the official or agency 
and the governmental authority 
under investigation exists; or 
‘‘(II) the official is employed by 
or the agency is within, as the case 
may be, the governmental authority 
under investigation. 
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‘‘(ii) INDEPENDENT
ORGANIZATION 
REQUIRED.—In the case of a governmental 
authority under investigation that is a 
State-wide office, an independent organiza-
tion that is unaffiliated with State or local 
government shall be designated under sub-
paragraph (A). 
‘‘(C) TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE.—The At-
torney General shall provide technical assist-
ance and training to States and units of local 
government to assist States and units of local 
governments in carrying out pattern or practice 
investigations and cases. 
‘‘(D) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing 
in this paragraph shall be construed to preclude 
a Federal investigation or other enforcement 
under this section during the course of a State- 
led investigation or claim.’’. 
(d) GRANT PROGRAM.— 
(1) STATE DEFINED.—In this subsection, the 
term ‘‘State’’ means each of the several States, the 
District of Columbia, and each commonwealth, terri-
tory, or possession of the United States. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION.—The Attorney General 
may award grants to States to assist such States in 
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pursuing pattern or practice investigations and cases 
under section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control 
and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 
12601). 
(3) USE OF FUNDS.—A grant awarded under 
this subsection may be used by a State to— 
(A) conduct pattern or practice investiga-
tions and cases under section 210401 of the 
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement 
Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601); 
(B) implement and enforce law enforce-
ment reforms to address patterns and practices 
identified under such section 210401, provided 
that no funds may be diverted to law enforce-
ment agencies for other law enforcement oper-
ations; and 
(C) develop non-law enforcement programs 
that reduce dependence on law enforcement 
agencies, such as funding social workers, behav-
ioral health crisis experts, and public safety al-
ternatives to police enforcement of traffic rules. 
(4) APPLICATION.—To be eligible to receive a 
grant under this subsection, a State shall submit an 
application to the Attorney General that— 
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(A) contains clearly defined and measur-
able objectives for the grant funds; 
(B) describes how the State intends to use 
the grant funds to pursue, implement, and en-
force pattern or practice investigations and 
cases under section 210401 of the Violent 
Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 
1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601); 
(C) outlines the qualifications and training 
of the attorneys, staff, and other personnel who 
are, or who may be, assigned to lead or assist 
pattern or practice investigations and cases; 
and 
(D) demonstrates how the State will rem-
edy patterns or practices of unlawful law en-
forcement conduct through the creation of com-
munity-based programs designed to address un-
derlying challenges leading to law enforcement 
interaction. 
(5) REQUIRED REPORTING.— 
(A) GRANTEE REPORTING.—Not later than 
5 business days after the last day of each quar-
ter of each fiscal year for which a State receives 
a grant under this subsection, the State shall 
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submit to the Attorney General a report detail-
ing, for that quarter— 
(i) how the grant funds were used; 
and 
(ii) the progress made towards ad-
dressing patterns and practices identified 
under section 210401 of the Violent Crime 
Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 
(34 U.S.C. 12601). 
(B) REPORTS
TO
CONGRESS.—Not later 
than 18 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney 
General shall submit to the Committee on the 
Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on 
the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a 
report on the grant program established under 
this subsection, which shall include— 
(i) a detailed summary of how grant 
funds awarded under the grant program 
were used; and 
(ii) recommendations, if any, for im-
provements needed for the grant program. 
(6) ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS.— 
(A) MONITORING & EVALUATION.— 
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(i) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to rules 
promulgated by the Attorney General, the 
Attorney General shall— 
(I) monitor the use of grant 
funds by each recipient of a grant 
under this subsection; and 
(II) evaluate the results of pat-
tern or practice investigations carried 
out using grants awarded under this 
subsection. 
(ii) TYPES
OF
EVALUATIONS.—An 
evaluation conducted under clause (i) may 
include an independent audit or assess-
ment of— 
(I) the behavior of law enforce-
ment officers; 
(II) the performance of a pattern 
or practice investigation; or 
(III) the implementation of rem-
edies following a pattern or practice 
investigation. 
(iii) DATA COLLECTION.—The Attor-
ney General may require 1 or more recipi-
ents of grants under this subsection to col-
lect data on the race, gender, socio-
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economic status, and other demographic 
characteristics of individuals subject to 
deprivations of the rights, privileges, or im-
munities secured or protected by the Con-
stitution or laws of the United States. 
(B) REVOCATION OF GRANT.—If the At-
torney General finds, based on reporting under 
paragraph (5), monitoring and evaluation under 
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, or other 
information, that grant funds awarded under 
this subsection are being diverted to law en-
forcement operations or another purpose other 
than pattern or practice investigations— 
(i) the Attorney General shall revoke 
the grant; and 
(ii) the grantee shall repay to the 
Federal Government any amounts that the 
grantee— 
(I) received through the grant; 
and 
(II) has not obligated or ex-
pended. 
(7) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the At-
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