at such time, in such manner, and containing such infor-
mation as the Secretary may require. 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘elementary school’’ has the 
meaning given to that term in section 9101 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 7801). 
(2) The term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ 
has the meaning given to that term in section 101 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001). 
(3) The term ‘‘local educational agency’’ has 
the meaning given to that term in section 9101 of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). 
(4) The term ‘‘secondary school’’ has the mean-
ing given to that term in section 9101 of the Ele-
mentary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 7801). 
(5) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary 
of Education. 
(6) The term ‘‘State educational agency’’ has 
the meaning given to that term in section 9101 of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). 
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(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—To carry 
out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated 
$20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011. 
SEC. 
4. 
EARLY 
CAREER 
SCIENTISTS 
AND 
ENGINEER 
AWARDS. 
In addition to amounts otherwise available for sup-
port of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists 
and Engineers program, the following amounts are au-
thorized to be appropriated for the designated agencies: 
(1) For the National Science Foundation, 
$8,200,000 for fiscal year 2007, $16,400,000 for 
fiscal year 2008, $24,600,000 for fiscal year 2009, 
$32,800,000 for fiscal year 2010, and $41,000,000 
for fiscal year 2011. 
(2) For the National Institutes of Health, 
$4,800,000 for fiscal year 2007, $9,600,000 for fis-
cal year 2008, $14,400,000 for fiscal year 2009, 
$19,200,000 for fiscal year 2010, and $24,000,000 
for fiscal year 2011. 
(3) For the Department of Energy, $3,600,000 
for fiscal year 2007, $7,200,000 for fiscal year 
2008, 
$10,800,000 
for 
fiscal 
year 
2009, 
$14,400,000 for fiscal year 2010, and $18,000,000 
for fiscal year 2011. 
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(4) For the Department of Defense, $2,400,000 
for fiscal year 2007, $4,800,000 for fiscal year 
2008, $7,200,000 for fiscal year 2009, $9,600,000 
for fiscal year 2010, and $12,000,000 for fiscal year 
2011. 
(5) For the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, 
$2,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, $3,000,000 for fis-
cal year 2009, $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, and 
$5,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 
SEC. 5. UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLAR AWARDS IN SCIENCE, 
TECHNOLOGY, 
ENGINEERING, 
OR 
MATHE-
MATICS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The National Science Foundation 
shall institute a program, to be known as the Under-
graduate Scholar Awards in Science, Technology, Engi-
neering, or Mathematics program, or the USA–STEM 
program, to award undergraduate scholarships in science, 
technology, engineering, or mathematics to individuals fol-
lowing criteria and procedures to be established by the 
Secretary of Education in consultation with the Director 
of the National Science Foundation, except as provided 
in subsection (b). 
(b) SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS.— 
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(1) 
SCHOLARSHIP
AMOUNT.—Scholarships 
awarded under the USA–STEM program shall pro-
vide up to $20,000 a year (as determined by the 
Secretary of Education) for four years for qualified 
educational expenses, including tuition and fees. 
(2) ADVISORY BOARD.—(A) The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall establish a board 
of advisors for the program. The board shall identify 
areas of national need for which shortages of 
science, technology, engineering, or mathematics per-
sonnel with undergraduate academic degrees are an-
ticipated. 
(B) The members of the advisory board estab-
lished under subparagraph (A) shall be selected from 
among the principal Federal agencies that support 
research and development activities in science, tech-
nology, engineering, and mathematics. 
(3) SELECTION
CRITERIA.—Selection criteria 
for scholarship awards established under subsection 
(a) shall include whether an applicant proposes to 
pursue an advanced degree in an area of national 
need, identified by the advisory board under para-
graph (2)(A). 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science 
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Foundation for the purposes of this section, $150,000,000 
for fiscal year 2007, $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, 
and $450,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 
2011. 
SEC. 6. GRADUATE SCHOLAR AWARDS IN SCIENCE, TECH-
NOLOGY, ENGINEERING, OR MATHEMATICS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The National Science Foundation 
shall institute a program, to be known as the Graduate 
Scholar Awards in Science, Technology, Engineering, or 
Mathematics program, or the GSA–STEM program, to 
award graduate fellowships in science, technology, engi-
neering, or mathematics to individuals following the cri-
teria and procedures of the Foundation’s Graduate Re-
search Fellowship program, except as provided in sub-
section (b). 
(b) SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) 
FELLOWSHIP
AMOUNT.—Fellowships 
awarded under the GSA–STEM program shall pro-
vide an annual stipend of $30,000 to the recipient 
and $15,000, in lieu of tuition, to the institution of 
higher education at which the recipient is enrolled. 
(2) ADVISORY BOARD.—(A) The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall establish a board 
of advisors for the program. The board shall identify 
areas of national need for which shortages of 
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science, technology, engineering, or mathematics per-
sonnel with advanced academic degrees are antici-
pated. 
(B) The members of the advisory board estab-
lished under subparagraph (A) shall be selected from 
among the principal Federal agencies that support 
research and development activities in science, tech-
nology, engineering, and mathematics. 
(3) SELECTION
CRITERIA.—Selection criteria 
for fellowship awards used in the Foundation’s 
Graduate Research Fellowship program shall be ap-
plied to the GSA–STEM program. An additional cri-
terion for awards under the GSA–STEM program 
shall be whether an applicant proposes to pursue an 
advanced degree in an area of national need, identi-
fied by the advisory board under paragraph (2)(A). 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science 
Foundation for the purposes of this section, $225,000,000 
for fiscal year 2007, $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, 
and $675,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 
2011. 
SEC. 7. PRESIDENTIAL INNOVATION AWARD. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is hereby established a 
Presidential Innovation Award, signified by a medal which 
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shall be of such design and materials and bear such in-
scriptions as the President, on the basis of recommenda-
tions submitted by the Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy, may prescribe. 
(b) AWARD.—The President shall periodically award 
the medal, on the basis of recommendations received from 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Pol-
icy or on the basis of such other information as the Presi-
dent considers appropriate, to individuals who develop one 
or more unique scientific or engineering ideas in the na-
tional interest at the time the innovation occurs. 
(c) PURPOSE.—The awards under this section shall 
be made to— 
(1) stimulate scientific and engineering ad-
vances in the national interest; 
(2) illustrate the linkage between science and 
engineering and national needs; and 
(3) provide an example to students of the con-
tribution they could make to society by entering the 
science and engineering profession. 
(d) CITIZENSHIP.—An individual may not be award-
ed a medal under this section unless at the time such 
award is made the individual— 
(1) is a citizen or other national of the United 
States; or 
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(2) is an alien lawfully admitted to the United 
States for permanent residence who— 
(A) has filed an application for petition for 
naturalization in the manner prescribed by sec-
tion 334 of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1445); and 
(B) is not permanently ineligible to become 
a citizen of the United States. 
(e) PRESENTATION.—The presentation of the award 
shall be made by the President with such ceremonies as 
he may deem proper, including attendance by appropriate 
Members of Congress. 
SEC. 8. NATIONAL COORDINATION OFFICE FOR RESEARCH 
INFRASTRUCTURE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Office of Science and Tech-
nology Policy shall establish a National Coordination Of-
fice for Research Infrastructure, which shall identify and 
prioritize deficiencies in research facilities and instrumen-
tation in academic institutions and in national laboratories 
and shall make recommendations for the allocation of re-
sources provided under subsection (e). 
(b) STAFFING.—The Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy shall appoint individuals to serve 
in the office established under subsection (a) from among 
the principal Federal agencies that support research in the 
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sciences, mathematics, and engineering, and shall at a 
minimum include individuals from the National Science 
Foundation and the Department of Energy. 
(c) USE OF FUNDS.—The amounts authorized by 
subsection (e) shall be available on a competitive, merit- 
reviewed basis for construction and maintenance of re-
search facilities at institutions of higher education or na-
tional laboratories, including instrumentation, computing 
and networking equipment, and other physical resources 
necessary for performing leading-edge research. 
(d) REPORT.—The Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy shall provide annually a report to 
Congress at the time of the President’s budget proposal 
describing the research infrastructure needs identified in 
accordance with subsection (a) and a list of infrastructure 
projects proposed for funding using the resources author-
ized by subsection (e). 
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
(1) NATIONAL
SCIENCE
FOUNDATION.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Science Foundation for the purposes of this section, 
$333,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 
2011. 
(2) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY.—There are au-
thorized to be appropriated to the Department of 
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Energy 
for 
the 
purposes 
of 
this 
section, 
$167,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 
2011. 
SEC. 9. EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZED STAY IN THE UNITED 
STATES FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS AND EX-
CHANGE VISITOR PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS 
STUDYING 
SCIENCE, 
TECHNOLOGY, 
ENGI-
NEERING, OR MATHEMATICS TO SEEK EM-
PLOYMENT. 
Section 214 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1184) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(r)(1) In the case of an alien described in paragraph 
(2), upon application by the alien and the satisfactory 
completion of such security screening as the Secretary of 
Homeland Security may specify, the Secretary may extend 
the alien’s period of authorized admission as a principal 
nonimmigrant described in such paragraph for 12 months 
for the purpose of permitting the alien to secure employ-
ment in the United States in the alien’s field described 
in such paragraph. 
‘‘(2) An alien referred to in paragraph (1) is a prin-
cipal nonimmigrant described in subparagraph (F) or (J) 
of section 101(a)(15) who obtains a doctorate degree or 
its equivalent in the United States in science, technology, 
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engineering, mathematics, or other similar field deter-
mined by the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consulta-
tion with the Secretary of State, to be important to the 
national interest of the United States during the period 
of stay as such a nonimmigrant. 
‘‘(3) An alien granted an extended period of author-
ized admission under paragraph (1) shall be granted au-
thorization to engage in employment in the United States 
in any field described in paragraph 2 and be provided an 
‘employment authorized’ endorsement or other appro-
priate work permit for such employment during such pe-
riod of extended admission. 
‘‘(4) If, during an alien’s period of extended admis-
sion described in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) the alien obtains employment referred to 
in such paragraph, and 
‘‘(B) an application is filed on behalf of such 
alien for a change of classification under section 248 
to that of a nonimmigrant described in subpara-
graph (H) of section 101(a)(15) on the basis of such 
employment, 
then the period of extended admission under paragraph 
(1) and the employment authorization described in para-
graph (3) shall be further extended during the pendency 
of such application. 
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‘‘(5) The spouse and minor children of an alien grant-
ed a period of extended admission under paragraph (1), 
and if applicable, under paragraph (4), if accompanying 
or following to join such alien, are eligible to be provided 
nonimmigrant status in the same classification during 
such period of authorized stay as the spouse or children 
would have with respect to the alien immediately before 
the alien was granted such a period of extended admis-
sion.’’. 
SEC. 10. ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY-EN-
ERGY. 
(a) AGENCY.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established the 
Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (in this 
section referred to as ‘‘ARPA–E’’) within the De-
partment of Energy. 
(2) GOAL.—The goal of ARPA–E is to reduce 
the amount of energy the United States imports 
from foreign sources by 50 percent over the next 10 
years by— 
(A) promoting revolutionary changes in the 
critical technologies that would promote energy 
independence; 
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(B) turning cutting-edge science and engi-
neering into technologies for energy and envi-
ronmental application; and 
(C) accelerating innovation in energy and 
the environment for both traditional and alter-
native energy sources and in energy efficiency 
mechanisms to decrease the Nation’s reliance 
on foreign energy sources. 
(3) DIRECTOR.—ARPA–E shall be headed by a 
Director who shall be appointed by the Secretary of 
Energy. The Director shall report to the Secretary. 
(4) 
RESPONSIBILITIES.—The 
Director 
of 
ARPA–E shall administer the Fund established 
under subsection (b) to award competitive grants, 
cooperative agreements, or contracts to institutions 
of higher education, companies, or consortia of such 
entities which may include federally funded research 
and development centers, to achieve the goals stated 
in paragraph (2) through targeted acceleration of— 
(A) energy-related research; 
(B) development of resultant techniques, 
processes, and technologies, and related testing 
and evaluation; and 
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(C) demonstration and commercial applica-
tion of the most promising technologies and re-
search applications. 
(5) PERSONNEL.— 
(A) PROGRAM
MANAGERS.—The Director 
of ARPA–E shall designate employees to serve 
as program managers for each of the programs 
established pursuant to the responsibilities es-
tablished for ARPA–E under paragraph (4). 
Program managers shall be responsible for— 
(i) establishing research and develop-
ment goals for the program, including 
through the convening of workshops and 
conferring with outside experts, as well as 
publicizing its goals to the public and pri-
vate sectors; 
(ii) soliciting applications for specific 
areas of particular promise, especially 
those which the private sector cannot or 
will not provide funding; 
(iii) selecting research projects for 
support under the program from among 
application submitted to ARPA–E, fol-
lowing consideration of— 
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(I) the novelty and scientific and 
technical 
merit 
of 
the 
proposed 
projects; 
(II) the demonstrated capabilities 
of the applicants to successfully carry 
out the proposed research project; and 
(III) such other criteria as are 
established by the Director; and 
(iv) 
monitoring 
the 
progress 
of 
projects supported under the program. 
(B) HIRING AND MANAGEMENT.—In hiring 
personnel for ARPA–E, the Secretary shall 
have the hiring and management authorities de-
scribed in section 1101 of the Strom Thurmond 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 1999 (5 U.S.C. 3104 note). For purposes 
of subsection (c)(1) of that section, the term of 
appointments for employees may not exceed 5 
years before the granting of any extension. 
(6) COORDINATION.—The Director of ARPA–E 
shall ensure that the activities of ARPA–E are co-
ordinated with those of other relevant research agen-
cies, and may carry out projects jointly with other 
agencies. 
(b) FUND.— 
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(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in 
the Treasury the Energy Independence Acceleration 
Fund (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Fund’’), 
which shall be administered by the Director of 
ARPA–E for the purposes of carrying out this sec-
tion. 
(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Di-
rector of ARPA–E for deposit in the Fund 
$300,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, $375,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2008, $468,000,000 for fiscal year 2009, 
$585,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, $732,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2011, and $915,000,000 for fiscal year 
2012, to remain available until expended. 
(c) RECOUPMENT.— 
(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall establish procedures and criteria for the 
recoupment of the Federal share of each project sup-
ported under this section. Such recoupment shall 
occur within a reasonable period of time following 
the date of the completion of such project, but not 
later than 20 years following such date, taking into 
account the effect of recoupment on— 
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(A) the commercial competitiveness of the 
entity carrying out the project; 
(B) the profitability of the project; and 
(C) the commercial viability of the tech-
nology utilized. 
(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary may at any time 
waive or defer all or some portion of the recoupment 
requirement as necessary for the commercial viabil-
ity of the project. 
(3) AVAILABILITY
OF
FUNDS.—Revenue re-
ceived by the Federal Government pursuant to this 
subsection shall be deposited into the Fund and 
shall be available with further appropriation to fund 
future grants, contracts, and cooperative agreement 
as authorized by the Director of ARPA–E. 
(d) ADVICE.— 
(1) ADVISORY COMMITTEES.—The Director of 
ARPA–E may seek advice on any aspect of ARPA– 
E from— 
(A) existing Department of Energy advi-
sory committees; and 
(B) new advisory committees organized to 
support the programs of ARPA–E and to pro-
vide advice and assistance on— 
(i) specific program tasks; or 
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(ii) overall direction of ARPA–E. 
(2) APPLICABILITY.—Section 14 of the Federal 
Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to advisory 
committees organized under paragraph (1)(B). 
(3) ADDITIONAL
SOURCES
OF
ADVICE.—The 
Director of ARPA–E may seek advice and review 
from the National Academy of Sciences, the Na-
tional Academy for Engineering, and any other pro-
fessional or scientific organization with expertise in 
specific processes or technologies under development 
by ARPA–E. 
(e) ARPA–E EVALUATION.—After ARPA–E has 
been in operation for 54 months, the President’s Com-
mittee on Science and Technology shall begin an evalua-
tion (to be completed within 12 months) of how well 
ARPA–E is achieving its goals and mission. The evalua-
tion shall include the recommendation of such Committee 
on whether ARPA–E should be continued or terminated, 
as well as lessons-learned from its operation. The evalua-
tion shall be made available to Congress and to the public 
upon completion. 
Æ 
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