219
(4) choose a board of trustees, consisting of at least 5 but not more
than 15 individuals, to conduct the business and exercise the powers
of the corporation;
(5) establish and maintain offices to conduct its activities;
(6) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(7) charge and collect membership dues and receive contributions of
money or property to be devoted to carrying out the purposes of the
corporation;
(8) sue and be sued; and
(9) do any other act necessary or appropriate to carry out the pur-
poses of the corporation.
§ 154304. Annual report
Not later than December 1 of each year, the corporation shall submit a
report to Congress on the activities of the corporation during the prior cal-
endar year. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 1545—NAVY WIVES CLUBS OF AMERICA
Sec.
154501.
Definition.
154502.
Organization.
154503.
Purposes.
154504.
Membership.
154505.
Governing body.
154506.
Powers.
154507.
Restrictions.
154508.
Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status.
154509.
Records and inspection.
154510.
Service of process.
154511.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
154512.
Annual report.
§ 154501. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 154502. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Navy Wives Clubs of America (in this chapter,
the ‘‘corporation’’), incorporated in California, is a federally chartered cor-
poration.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 154503. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in the articles of incorpo-
ration and include—
(1) supporting the Constitution of the United States;
(2) promoting a friendly relationship between the wives of enlisted
men who are serving in the active United States Navy, United States
220
Marine Corps, or United States Coast Guard or in the Active Reserves
of those services; and
(3) performing charitable activities as provided in the constitution or
bylaws of the corporation.
§ 154504. Membership
Eligibility for membership in the corporation and the rights and privileges
of members are as provided in the bylaws.
§ 154505. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
§ 154506. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 154507. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or participate in any political activity
or attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
§ 154508. Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status
(a) CORPORATE STATUS.—The corporation shall maintain its status as a
corporation incorporated under the laws of each State in which it is incor-
porated.
(b) TAX-EXEMPT STATUS.—The corporation shall maintain its status as
an organization exempt from taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 154509. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
221
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 154510. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 154511. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 154512. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 1547—NON COMMISSIONED OFFICERS ASSO-
CIATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, IN-
CORPORATED
Sec.
154701.
Definition.
154702.
Organization.
154703.
Purposes.
154704.
Membership.
154705.
Governing body.
154706.
Powers.
154707.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
154708.
Restrictions.
154709.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
154710.
Records and inspection.
154711.
Service of process.
154712.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
154713.
Annual report.
§ 154701. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 154702. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Non Commissioned Officers Association of the
United States of America, Incorporated (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’),
a nonprofit corporation incorporated in Texas, is a federally chartered cor-
poration.
222
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 154703. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in the bylaws and articles
of incorporation and include—
(1) upholding and defending the Constitution of the United States;
(2) promoting health, prosperity, and scholarship among its members
and their dependents and survivors through benevolent programs;
(3) assisting veterans and their dependents and survivors through a
service program established for that purpose;
(4) improving conditions for service members, veterans, and their de-
pendents and survivors; and
(5) fostering fraternal and social activities among its members in
recognition that cooperative action is required for the furtherance of
their common interests.
§ 154704. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for mem-
bership in the corporation and the rights and privileges of members are as
provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, age, or national ori-
gin.
§ 154705. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for serving as a director or
officer may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disabil-
ity, age, or national origin.
§ 154706. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 154707. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the names ‘‘The Non Com-
missioned Officers Association of the United States of America’’, ‘‘Non
Commissioned Officers Association of the United States of America’’, ‘‘Non
Commissioned Officers Association’’, and ‘‘NCOA’’, and seals, emblems, and
badges the corporation adopts. This section does not affect any vested
rights.
223
§ 154708. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure of the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(c) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(d) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
§ 154709. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 154710. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 154711. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 154712. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 154713. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
224
CHAPTER 1601—[RESERVED]
CHAPTER 1701—PARALYZED VETERANS OF AMERICA
Sec.
170101.
Organization.
170102.
Purposes.
170103.
Membership.
170104.
Powers.
170105.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
170106.
Restrictions.
170107.
Headquarters and principal place of business.
170108.
Records and inspection.
170109.
Service of process.
170110.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
170111.
Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation.
§ 170101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Paralyzed Veterans of America (in this chap-
ter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 170102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to preserve the great and basic truths and enduring principles
on which this Nation was founded;
(2) to form a national association for the benefit of individuals who
have suffered injuries or diseases of the spinal cord;
(3) to acquaint the public with the needs and problems of
paraplegics;
(4) to promote medical research in the several fields connected with
injuries and diseases of the spinal cord, including research in neuro-
surgery and orthopedics and in genitourinary and orthopedic appli-
ances; and
(5) to advocate and foster complete and effective reconditioning pro-
grams for paraplegics, including a thorough physical reconditioning
program, physiotherapy, competent walking instructions, adequate
guidance (both vocational and educational), academic and vocational
education (both in hospitals and in educational institutions), psycho-
logical orientation and readjustment to family and friends, and occupa-
tional therapy (both functional and diversional).
§ 170103. Membership
An individual is eligible for membership in the corporation if the individ-
ual—
(1) is a citizen of the United States;
(2) was regularly enlisted, inducted, or commissioned, and was ac-
cepted for or on active duty, in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air
225
Force, or Coast Guard of the United States or an ally of the United
States;
(3)(A) was separated from service in the armed forces under condi-
tions other than dishonorable; or
(B) is on active duty or must continue to serve after the cessation
of hostilities; and
(4) has suffered a spinal cord injury or disease, whether or not serv-
ice connected in origin.
§ 170104. Powers
(a) SPECIFIC POWERS.—The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal, emblems, and badges;
(3) choose officers, representatives, and agents as necessary to carry
out the purposes of the corporation;
(4) make contracts;
(5) accept gifts, legacies, and devises that will further the purposes
of the corporation;
(6) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(7) borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure its
obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(8) establish, regulate, and discontinue subordinate State and re-
gional organizations and local chapters or posts;
(9) establish and maintain offices to conduct the affairs of the cor-
poration;
(10) publish a magazine, newspaper, and other publications;
(11) sue and be sued; and
(12) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
(b) PRIVILEGES OF OTHER NATIONAL VETERANS’ ORGANIZATIONS.—
Privileges granted to other national veterans’ organizations as a result of
their being incorporated by Congress are also granted to the corporation.
§ 170105. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its State and regional organizations and local chap-
ters or posts have the exclusive right to use the name ‘‘Paralyzed Veterans
of America’’ and seals, emblems, and badges the corporation lawfully
adopts.
§ 170106. Restrictions
(a) PROFIT.—The corporation may not engage in business for profit.
(b) STOCK.—The corporation may not issue stock.
226
(c) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation shall be nonpolitical and
may not provide financial aid to, or otherwise promote the candidacy of, an
individual seeking public office.
(d) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, member, or employee during the life of the corporation or on its dis-
solution or final liquidation. This subsection does not prevent the payment
of reasonable compensation to an officer or employee or reimbursement for
actual necessary expenses in amounts approved by the board of directors.
(e) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
member, or employee. Directors who vote for or assent to making such a
loan, and officers who participate in making the loan, are jointly and sever-
ally liable to the corporation for the amount of the loan until it is repaid.
§ 170107. Headquarters and principal place of business
The headquarters and principal place of business of the corporation shall
be in the District of Columbia. However, the activities of the corporation
are not confined to the District of Columbia but may be conducted through-
out the States, territories, and possessions of the United States.
§ 170108. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, executive committee,
and other committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 170109. Service of process
As a condition to the exercise of any power or privilege granted by this
chapter, the corporation shall file, with the secretary of state or other des-
ignated official of each State, territory, or possession of the United States
in which an organization, chapter, or post is organized, the name and ad-
dress of an agent in that State, territory, or possession on whom legal proc-
ess or demands against the corporation may be served.
§ 170110. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
227
§ 170111. Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liq-
uidation
On dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation, any assets remain-
ing after the discharge or satisfactory provision for discharge of all liabilities
shall be transferred to the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to be applied to
the care and comfort of paralyzed veterans.
CHAPTER 1703—PEARL HARBOR SURVIVORS
ASSOCIATION
Sec.
170301.
Definition.
170302.
Organization.
170303.
Purposes.
170304.
Membership.
170305.
Governing body.
170306.
Powers.
170307.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
170308.
Restrictions.
170309.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
170310.
Records and inspection.
170311.
Service of process.
170312.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
170313.
Annual report.
§ 170301. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 170302. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Pearl Harbor Survivors Association (in this
chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in Mis-
souri, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 170303. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration and include—
(1) upholding and defending the Constitution of the United States;
(2) collating, preserving, and encouraging the study of historical epi-
sodes, chronicles, mementos, and events pertaining to ‘‘The Day of In-
famy, 7 December 1941’’, and in particular those memories and
records of patriotic service performed by the heroic Pearl Harbor survi-
vors and nonsurvivors;
(3) shielding from neglect the graves, past and future, of those who
served at Pearl Harbor on that day;
(4) stimulating communities and political subdivisions into taking
more interest in the affairs and future of the United States to keep
our Nation alert;
228
(5) fighting unceasingly for our national security to protect the Unit-
ed States from enemies within and without our borders;
(6) preserving the American way of life and fostering the spirit and
practice of Americanism; and
(7) instilling love of country and flag and promoting soundness of
mind and body in the youth of our Nation.
§ 170304. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Eligibility for membership in the corporation and the
rights and privileges of members are as provided in the constitution and by-
laws of the corporation.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.
§ 170305. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for holding office in the cor-
poration may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, or na-
tional origin.
§ 170306. Powers
The corporation has the powers provided in its bylaws and articles of in-
corporation filed in the State in which it is incorporated, including the
power to—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws for the management
of its property and the regulation of its affairs;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) adopt emblems and badges;
(4) establish, maintain, and regulate offices to conduct the affairs of
the corporation;
(5) publish a magazine and other publications;
(6) charge and collect membership dues and subscription fees and re-
ceive contributions or grants of money or property to be used to carry
out the purposes of the corporation;
(7) accept gifts, legacies, and devises that will further the purposes
of the corporation;
(8) promote the formation of auxiliaries, the membership require-
ments of which shall be as provided in the constitution and the bylaws
of the corporation;
(9) sue and be sued; and
229
(10) do any other act necessary or desirable to carry out the pur-
poses of the corporation.
§ 170307. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its regional districts and local branches have the ex-
clusive right to use the name ‘‘Pearl Harbor Survivors Association’’ and
seals, emblems, and badges the corporation adopts.
§ 170308. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or participate in any political activity
or in any manner attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter
or on dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation. This subsection does
not prevent the payment of compensation to an officer or reimbursement
for actual necessary expenses in amounts approved by the board of direc-
tors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM
OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL
OR AUTHORIZATION.—The
corporation may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the
United States Government for any of its activities.
§ 170309. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 170310. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
230
§ 170311. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 170312. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 170313. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 1705—POLISH LEGION OF AMERICAN
VETERANS, U.S.A.
Sec.
170501.
Definition.
170502.
Organization.
170503.
Purposes.
170504.
Membership.
170505.
Governing body.
170506.
Powers.
170507.
Restrictions.
170508.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
170509.
Records and inspection.
170510.
Service of process.
170511.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
170512.
Annual report.
§ 170501. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 170502. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Polish Legion of American Veterans, U.S.A.
(in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in
Illinois, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 170503. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration. The corporation shall function as a veterans’ and patriotic organiza-
tion as authorized by the laws of each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 170504. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for mem-
bership in the corporation and the rights and privileges of members are as
provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.
231
§ 170505. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for holding office in the cor-
poration may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, or na-
tional origin.
§ 170506. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 170507. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or participate in any political activity
or in any manner attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM
OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL
OR AUTHORIZATION.—The
corporation may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the
United States Government for any of its activities.
§ 170508. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 170509. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
232
§ 170510. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 170511. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 170512. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 1801—[RESERVED]
CHAPTER 1901—RESERVE OFFICERS ASSOCIATION OF
THE UNITED STATES
Sec.
190101.
Organization.
190102.
Purposes.
190103.
Membership.
190104.
Governing body.
190105.
Powers.
190106.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
190107.
Restrictions.
190108.
Headquarters.
190109.
Records and inspection.
190110.
Service of process.
190111.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
190112.
Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation.
§ 190101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Reserve Officers Association of the United
States (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corpora-
tion.
(b) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 190102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are to support and promote the develop-
ment and execution of a military policy for the United States that will pro-
vide adequate national security.
§ 190103. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Eligibility for membership in the corporation is as pro-
vided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) VOTING.—Each active member of a department or chapter has one
vote in the conduct of official business of that department or chapter.
233
§ 190104. Governing body
(a) NATIONAL CONVENTION.—The corporation shall hold an annual na-
tional convention. The national convention shall be composed of delegates
elected by the various departments.
(b) NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.—(1) The national executive com-
mittee is the governing body of the corporation.
(2) The national executive committee consists of the president, the last
past president, 3 vice presidents, 3 junior vice presidents, 3 national execu-
tive committee members, and the executive director. Each of these individ-
uals, except the executive director, has one vote on each matter decided by
the committee.
(c) OFFICERS.—(1) The officers of the corporation are a president, 3 vice
presidents, 3 junior vice presidents, 3 national executive committee mem-
bers, an executive director, a national treasurer, a judge advocate, a sur-
geon, a chaplain, a historian, a public relations officer, and other officers
as decided at the national convention.
(2) The national officers of the corporation shall be elected at the annual
national convention, except for the executive director, the national treasurer,
and the national public relations officer, who shall be appointed by the na-
tional executive committee.
(3) The elected officers shall hold office for one year or until their succes-
sors have been elected and qualified.
(d) VACANCIES.—(1) Except for the positions of president and last past
president, a vacancy on the national executive committee shall be filled by
the existing members of the committee. An individual appointed by the com-
mittee to fill a vacancy serves until the next national convention when the
individual’s successor shall be elected for the unexpired term, if any, caused
by the vacancy.
(2) If the president is absent or the office of president is vacant, the na-
tional vice president of the same service as the president shall act as presi-
dent.
§ 190105. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) adopt and alter emblems and badges;
(4) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(5) publish a magazine, newspaper, and other publications;
(6) establish, regulate, and discontinue subordinate departmental
subdivisions and local chapters;
234
(7) sue and be sued; and
(8) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 190106. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its subordinate departmental subdivisions and local
chapters have the exclusive right to use the name ‘‘Reserve Officers Associa-
tion of the United States’’ and seals, emblems, and badges the corporation
adopts.
§ 190107. Restrictions
(a) PROFIT.—The corporation may not engage in business for profit.
(b) STOCK.—The corporation may not issue stock.
(c) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or an officer or member as
such may not contribute to, support, or assist a political party or candidate
for public office.
(d) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, an officer
or member except on dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation.
(e) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan or advance to an offi-
cer or member of the national executive committee. Members of the national
executive committee who vote for or assent to making a loan or advance to
an officer, and officers who participate in making the loan or advance, are
jointly and severally liable to the corporation for the amount of the loan or
advance until it is repaid.
§ 190108. Headquarters
The headquarters of the corporation shall be in the District of Columbia.
§ 190109. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its national conventions, national
executive committee, and national council; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 190110. Service of process
(a) DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.—The corporation shall have a designated
agent in the District of Columbia to receive service of process for the cor-
poration. Notice to or service on the agent is notice to or service on the
corporation.
235
(b) STATES, TERRITORIES, AND POSSESSIONS.—As a condition to the ex-
ercise of any power or privilege granted by this chapter, the corporation
shall file, with the secretary of state or other designated official of each
State, territory, or possession of the United States in which a subordinate
department or local chapter is organized, the name and address of an agent
in that State, territory, or possession on whom legal process or demands
against the corporation may be served.
§ 190111. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 190112. Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liq-
uidation
On dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation, any assets remain-
ing after the discharge of all liabilities shall be divided equally among the
then active officers and members.
CHAPTER 1903—RETIRED ENLISTED ASSOCIATION,
INCORPORATED
Sec.
190301.
Definition.
190302.
Organization.
190303.
Purposes.
190304.
Membership.
190305.
Governing body.
190306.
Powers.
190307.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
190308.
Restrictions.
190309.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
190310.
Records and inspection.
190311.
Service of process.
190312.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
190313.
Annual report.
§ 190301. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 190302. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Retired Enlisted Association, Incorporated (in
this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in
Colorado, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 190303. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration and bylaws and include—
(1) upholding and defending the Constitution of the United States;
(2) promoting health, prosperity, and scholarship among its members
and their dependents and survivors through benevolent programs;
236
(3) assisting veterans and their dependents and survivors through a
service program established for that purpose;
(4) improving conditions for retired enlisted service members, veter-
ans, and their dependents and survivors; and
(5) fostering fraternal and social activities among its members in
recognition that cooperative action is required for the furtherance of
their common interests.
§ 190304. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for mem-
bership in the corporation and the rights and privileges of members are as
provided in the articles of incorporation and bylaws.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, age, or national ori-
gin.
§ 190305. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for serving as a director or
officer may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disabil-
ity, age, or national origin.
§ 190306. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 190307. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the names ‘‘The Retired
Enlisted Association, Incorporated’’, ‘‘The Retired Enlisted Association’’,
‘‘Retired Enlisted Association’’, and ‘‘TREA’’ and seals, emblems, and
badges the corporation adopts. This section does not affect any vested
rights.
§ 190308. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
237
(c) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(d) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
§ 190309. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 190310. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 190311. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 190312. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 190313. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2001—SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORISTS AND
ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURISTS
Sec.
200101.
Organization.
200102.
Purposes.
200103.
Powers.
200104.
Restrictions.
200105.
Principal office.
200106.
Nonapplication of audit requirements.
§ 200101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Society of American Florists and Ornamental
Horticulturists (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered
corporation.
238
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION.—The corporation is declared to be incor-
porated in the District of Columbia.
§ 200102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are to educate members of the florist in-
dustry and the public, and to promote scientific development, in floriculture
and horticulture.
§ 200103. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt a constitution and bylaws for the management of its prop-
erty and the regulation of its affairs; and
(2)(A) hold property, in the District of Columbia or elsewhere, nec-
essary to carry out the purposes of the corporation, in an amount not
to exceed $1,000,000; and
(B) hold other property donated or bequeathed in any State or terri-
tory of the United States.
§ 200104. Restrictions
(a) PROFIT.—The corporation may not operate for profit.
(b) USE OF EARNINGS.—Earnings generated by the corporation may be
used only for the purposes provided in section 200102 of this title.
(c) USE OF PROPERTY.—Property held by the corporation, and the pro-
ceeds from the property, may be used only for the purposes provided in sec-
tion 200102 of this title.
(d) PARKS IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.—The corporation may not
occupy any park in the District of Columbia.
§ 200105. Principal office
The principal office of the corporation shall be located in the District of
Columbia. However, annual meetings may be held wherever the corporation
decides.
§ 200106. Nonapplication of audit requirements
The audit requirements of section 10101 of this title do not apply to the
corporation.
CHAPTER 2003—SONS OF UNION VETERANS OF THE
CIVIL WAR
Sec.
200301.
Organization.
200302.
Purposes.
200303.
Membership.
200304.
Governing body.
200305.
Powers.
200306.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
200307.
Restrictions.
200308.
Principal office.
200309.
Records and inspection.
200310.
Service of process.
200311.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
239
200312.
Annual report.
200313.
Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation.
§ 200301. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War (in
this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION AND DOMICILE.—The corporation is de-
clared to be incorporated and domiciled in the District of Columbia.
(c) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 200302. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to perpetuate the memory of the Grand Army of the Republic
and of the men who saved the Union in 1861 to 1865;
(2) to assist in every practicable way in preserving, and making
available for research, documents and records pertaining to the Grand
Army of the Republic and its members;
(3) to cooperate in honoring all those who have served our country
patriotically in any war;
(4) to teach patriotism, the duties of citizenship, the true history of
our country, and the love and honor of our flag;
(5) to oppose every tendency or movement that would weaken loyalty
to, destroy, or impair our constitutional Union; and
(6) to inculcate and broadly sustain the American principles of rep-
resentative government, equal rights, and impartial justice for all.
§ 200303. Membership
(a) GENERAL.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for member-
ship in the corporation and the rights, privileges, and designation of classes
of members are as provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corpora-
tion.
(b) REQUIRED SERVICE.—Eligibility for membership in the corporation
is limited to male blood relatives of an individual who—
(1) served at any time during the period from April 12, 1861,
through April 9, 1865, as a soldier or sailor in—
(A) the United States Army, Navy, Marine Corps, or Revenue-
Cutter Service; or
(B) a State regiment that was called into active service and was
subject to orders of United States general officers during that pe-
riod; and
(2) was discharged honorably from, or died in, that service.
§ 200304. Governing body
(a) NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT.—(1) The national encampment is the su-
preme governing authority of the corporation.
240
(2) The national encampment is composed of officers and elected rep-
resentatives from the States and other local subdivisions of the corporation
as provided in the constitution and bylaws. However, the form of govern-
ment of the corporation must be representative of the membership at large
and may not permit concentration of control in a limited number of mem-
bers or in a self-perpetuating group not representative of the membership
at large.
(3) The meetings of the national encampment may be held in the District
of Columbia or in any State, territory, or possession of the United States.
(b) COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.—(1) During the intervals between the
national encampments, the council of administration is the governing board
of the corporation and is responsible for the general policies, program, and
activities of the corporation.
(2) The council of administration shall consist of at least 7 members
elected in the manner and for the term provided in the constitution and by-
laws.
(c) OFFICERS.—(1) The officers of the corporation are a commander in
chief, a senior vice commander in chief, a junior vice commander in chief,
a secretary, a treasurer, and other officers as provided in the constitution
and bylaws. One individual may hold the offices of secretary and treasurer.
(2) The manner of selection, term of office, and duties of the officers are
as provided in the constitution and bylaws.
§ 200305. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws for the management
of its property and the regulation of its affairs;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) choose officers, managers, agents, and employees as the activities
of the corporation require;
(4) make contracts;
(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
or convenient to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(6) borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure its
obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(7) sue and be sued; and
(8) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 200306. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its subordinate divisions have the exclusive right to
use the name ‘‘Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War’’. The corporation
241
has the exclusive right to use and to allow others to use seals, emblems,
and badges the corporation adopts.
§ 200307. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or an officer or agent as
such may not contribute to, support, or assist a political party or candidate
for public office.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, an officer
or member during the life of the corporation or on its dissolution or final
liquidation. This subsection does not prevent the payment of compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the council of administration of the corporation.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan or advance to an offi-
cer or employee. Members of the council of administration who vote for or
assent to making a loan or advance to an officer or employee, and officers
who participate in making the loan or advance, are jointly and severally lia-
ble to the corporation for the amount of the loan or advance until it is re-
paid.
§ 200308. Principal office
The principal office of the corporation shall be in Trenton, New Jersey,
or another place decided by the council of administration. However, the ac-
tivities of the corporation are not confined to the place where the principal
office is located but may be conducted in the District of Columbia and
throughout the States, territories, and possessions of the United States.
§ 200309. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account; and
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its national encampments and
council of administration.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member, or an agent or attorney of the member,
may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper purpose, at any
reasonable time.
§ 200310. Service of process
The corporation shall have a designated agent in the District of Columbia
to receive service of process for the corporation. Notice to or service on the
agent, or mailed to the business address of the agent, is notice to or service
on the corporation.
242
§ 200311. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 200312. Annual report
Not later than March 1 of each year, the corporation shall submit a re-
port to Congress on the activities of the corporation during the prior fiscal
year. The report may consist of a report on the proceedings of the national
encampment. The report may not be printed as a public document.
§ 200313. Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liq-
uidation
On dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation, any assets remain-
ing after the discharge of all liabilities shall be distributed as provided by
the council of administration, but in compliance with the constitution and
bylaws of the corporation.
CHAPTER 2101—THEODORE ROOSEVELT ASSOCIATION
Sec.
210101.
Organization.
210102.
Purposes.
210103.
Membership.
210104.
Governing body.
210105.
Powers.
210106.
Restrictions.
210107.
Nonapplication of audit requirements.
§ 210101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Theodore Roosevelt Association (in this chap-
ter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION.—The corporation is declared to be incor-
porated in the District of Columbia.
(c) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 210102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to perpetuate the memory of Theodore Roosevelt for the benefit
of the people of the United States and the world; and
(2) to solicit, receive, hold, and maintain funds, and to apply the
principal of the funds and the income from those funds to the following
objects, among others:
(A) the erection and maintenance of a suitable and adequate
monumental memorial in the District of Columbia to the memory
of Theodore Roosevelt.
(B) the acquisition, development, and maintenance of a public
park in memory of Theodore Roosevelt in Oyster Bay, New York.
(C) the establishment and maintenance of an endowment fund
to promote the development and application of the policies and
243
ideals of Theodore Roosevelt for the benefit of the American peo-
ple.
(D) the donation of real and personal property, including part
or all of its endowment fund, to a public agency for the purpose
of preserving in public ownership historically significant property
associated with the life of Theodore Roosevelt.
§ 210103. Membership
Eligibility for membership in the corporation is as provided in regulations
adopted by the board of trustees.
§ 210104. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF TRUSTEES.—A self-perpetuating board of trustees shall
manage and direct the property and affairs of the corporation.
(b) POWERS.—The board of trustees may adopt and amend a constitu-
tion, bylaws, and regulations for—
(1) the selection of successor trustees;
(2) the admission of members;
(3) the election of officers; and
(4) the conduct of the affairs of the corporation.
§ 210105. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt a constitution, bylaws, and regulations;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) acquire and own property necessary to carry out the purposes of
the corporation;
(4) give and dedicate its property to public agencies and purposes;
(5) maintain offices, hold meetings, and conduct business affairs in
the District of Columbia and in the States, territories, and possessions
of the United States;
(6) sue and be sued within the jurisdiction of the United States; and
(7) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 210106. Restrictions
(a) EXCLUSIVELY EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES.—The corporation shall be
operated exclusively for educational purposes.
(b) STOCKS AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or
declare or pay a dividend.
(c) DISTRIBUTIONS OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of any member or individual.
§ 210107. Nonapplication of audit requirements
The audit requirements of section 10101 of this title do not apply to the
corporation.
244
CHAPTER 2103—369TH VETERANS’ ASSOCIATION
Sec.
210301.
Definition.
210302.
Organization.
210303.
Purposes.
210304.
Membership.
210305.
Governing body.
210306.
Powers.
210307.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
210308.
Restrictions.
210309.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
210310.
Records and inspection.
210311.
Service of process.
210312.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
210313.
Annual report.
§ 210301. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 210302. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—369th Veterans’ Association (in this chapter,
the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in New York, is a
federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 210303. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in the articles of incorpo-
ration and include—
(1) promoting the principles of friendship and good will among its
members;
(2) engaging in social and civic activities that tend to enhance the
welfare of its members and inculcate the true principles of good citizen-
ship in its members; and
(3) memorializing, individually and collectively, the patriotic services
of its members in the 369th antiaircraft artillery group and other units
in the armed forces of the United States.
§ 210304. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for mem-
bership in the corporation and the rights and privileges of members are as
provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.
§ 210305. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
245
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for holding office in the cor-
poration may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, or na-
tional origin.
§ 210306. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 210307. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the name ‘‘369th Veterans’
Association’’ and seals, emblems, and badges the corporation adopts. This
section does not affect any vested rights.
§ 210308. Restrictions
(a) STOCKS AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or
declare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or participate in any political activity
or in any manner attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
§ 210309. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 210310. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, the board of direc-
tors, and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
246
§ 210311. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 210312. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 210313. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2201—UNITED SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS,
INCORPORATED
Sec.
220101.
Organization.
220102.
Purposes.
220103.
Membership.
220104.
Governing body.
220105.
Powers.
220106.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
220107.
Assistance by Department of Defense.
220108.
Restrictions.
220109.
Duty to maintain corporate status.
220110.
Principal office.
220111.
Records and inspection.
220112.
Service of process.
220113.
Annual report.
220114.
Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation.
§ 220101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—United Service Organizations, Incorporated (in
this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 220102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to provide a voluntary civilian agency through which the people
of this Nation may, in peace or war, serve the religious, spiritual, so-
cial, welfare, educational, and entertainment needs of men and women
in the armed forces, within or without the territorial limits of the Unit-
ed States;
(2) to contribute to the maintenance of morale of men and women
in the armed forces;
(3) to solicit funds to maintain the organization and accomplish its
responsibility;
(4) to accept the cooperation of, and provide an organization and
means through which, the National Board of Young Men’s Christian
247
Associations, the National Board of Young Women’s Christian Associa-
tions, the National Catholic Community Service, the Salvation Army,
the National Jewish Welfare Board, the Travelers Aid-International
Social Service of America, and other civilian agencies experienced in
specialized types of related work, which may be needed adequately to
meet the particular needs of the members of the armed forces, may
carry on their historic work of serving the religious, spiritual, social,
welfare, educational, and entertainment needs of men and women in
the armed forces and be afforded an appropriate means of participation
and financial assistance;
(5) to coordinate their programs; and
(6) other consonant purposes.
§ 220103. Membership
Except as provided in this chapter, the rights, privileges, and designation
of classes of members are as provided in the bylaws. The membership of
the corporation consists of—
(1) 9 individuals designated by the President; and
(2) representatives of the civilian organizations listed in section
220102(4) of this title, and of the public at large, as provided in the
bylaws.
§ 220104. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF GOVERNORS.—(1) The board of governors is the governing
body of the corporation. The board is responsible for the general policies
and program of the corporation and for the control of the affairs and prop-
erty of the corporation.
(2) The board shall be elected by the members of the corporation for the
term and in the classes provided in the bylaws of the corporation. The board
includes—
(A) 6 members appointed by the President;
(B) the Secretary of State or the Secretary’s designee; and
(C) representatives of the civilian organizations listed in section
220102(4) of this title, and of the public at large, as provided in the
bylaws.
(3) The corporation may have other governing bodies or committees as
provided in the bylaws.
(b) OFFICERS.—(1) The office of honorary chairman of the corporation
shall be offered to the President. On acceptance, the honorary chairman
shall be invited to preside at meetings of the corporation that the honorary
chairman deems appropriate and convenient.
(2) The corporation may have other officers as provided in the bylaws.
248
§ 220105. Powers
The corporation has all the powers necessary and proper to carry out the
purposes stated in section 220102 of this title, including the power—
(1) to adopt and amend bylaws and regulations for the management
of its property and the regulation of its affairs;
(2) to adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) to adopt and alter emblems and marks;
(4) to establish and maintain offices to conduct the affairs of the
corporation;
(5) to choose officers, representatives, and agents as the activities of
the corporation require;
(6) to make contracts;
(7) to acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as nec-
essary or convenient to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(8) to borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure
its obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(9) to publish a magazine, newspaper, and other publications;
(10) to establish, regulate, and terminate councils, organizations,
chapters, or affiliates as needed to carry out the purposes stated in sec-
tion 220102 of this title;
(11) to solicit funds;
(12) to sue and be sued; and
(13) to do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the pur-
poses stated in section 220102 of this title.
§ 220106. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its councils, organizations, chapters, and affiliates
have the exclusive right to use the names ‘‘United Service Organizations,
Incorporated’’ and ‘‘USO’’ and seals, emblems, and badges the corporation
adopts.
§ 220107. Assistance by Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense may make the resources of the Department of
Defense available to the corporation to the extent compatible with the pri-
mary mission of the Department and in accordance with guidelines issued
by the Secretary.
§ 220108. Restrictions
(a) PROFIT.—The corporation may not engage in business activity for
profit unless the activity is substantially related to—
(1) the purposes stated in section 220102 of this title; or
(2) raising funds to accomplish those purposes.
249
(b) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(c) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation shall be nonpolitical and
may not provide financial aid or assistance to, or otherwise promote the can-
didacy of, an individual seeking elective public office. A substantial part of
the activities of the corporation may not involve carrying on propaganda or
otherwise attempting to influence legislation.
(d) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of a governor, officer, member, or
employee or be distributed to any person during the life of the corporation
or on its dissolution or final liquidation. This subsection does not prevent
the payment of reasonable compensation to an officer, employee, or other
person or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts approved
by the board of governors.
(e) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a governor, officer,
member, or employee.
§ 220109. Duty to maintain corporate status
The corporation shall maintain its status as a corporation incorporated
under the laws of New York, another State, or the District of Columbia.
§ 220110. Principal office
The principal office of the corporation shall be in New York, New York,
or another place decided by the board of governors. However, the activities
of the corporation are not confined to the place where the principal office
is located but may be conducted throughout the States, territories, and pos-
sessions of the United States and in foreign countries.
§ 220111. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of governors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member, or an agent or attorney of the member,
may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper purpose, at any
reasonable time.
§ 220112. Service of process
(a) DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.—The corporation shall have a designated
agent in the District of Columbia to receive service of process for the cor-
poration. Notice to or service on the agent, or mailed to the business ad-
dress of the agent, is notice to or service on the corporation.
250
(b) STATES, TERRITORIES, AND POSSESSIONS.—The corporation shall
file, with the secretary of state or other designated official of each State,
territory, or possession of the United States in which the corporation or a
council, organization, chapter, or affiliate may have activities, the name and
address of an agent in that State, territory, or possession on whom legal
process or demands against the corporation may be served.
§ 220113. Annual report
The corporation shall make public an annual report on its activities for
the prior calendar year.
§ 220114. Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liq-
uidation
On dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation, any assets remain-
ing after the discharge of all liabilities shall be distributed as provided by
the board of governors, but in compliance with the bylaws. However, the as-
sets of the corporation are irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and
may not inure to the benefit of a private person except a fund, foundation,
or organization operated exclusively for charitable purposes.
CHAPTER 2203—THE UNITED STATES BLIND VETERANS
OF THE WORLD WAR
Sec.
220301.
Organization.
220302.
Purposes.
220303.
Membership.
220304.
Powers.
220305.
Exclusive right to name.
220306.
Restrictions.
§ 220301. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—The United States Blind Veterans of the World
War (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corpora-
tion.
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION.—The corporation is declared to be incor-
porated in the District of Columbia.
(c) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 220302. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to bind together, for mutual fellowship and assistance, citizens
of the United States who served the country in war and who bear the
loss of sight as a mark of that service;
(2) to perpetuate the memories of comradeship; and
(3) to enable the members to render aid to the blind in general.
§ 220303. Membership
(a) ACTIVE MEMBERSHIP.—An individual is eligible for active member-
ship in the corporation if the individual is—
251
(1) an honorably discharged American veteran of the allied forces—
(A) who participated in World War I; and
(B) whose vision has become defective to such an extent that
eligibility requirements are met for training under Supervisor for
the Blind of the Veterans’ Administration; or
(2) an ex-serviceman who is eligible for training under Supervisor for
the Blind of the Veterans’ Administration.
(b) HONORARY MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the corporation may
admit honorary members as they see fit.
§ 220304. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt a constitution, bylaws, and regulations to carry out its pur-
poses;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) adopt emblems and badges;
(4) establish and maintain offices to conduct its activities;
(5) establish State and territorial organizations and local chapter or
post organizations;
(6) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(7) publish a magazine, newspaper, and other publications consistent
with the purposes of the corporation;
(8) sue and be sued; and
(9) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 220305. Exclusive right to name
The corporation and its State and local subdivisions have the exclusive
right to use the name ‘‘The United States Blind Veterans of the World
War’’.
§ 220306. Restrictions
The organization shall be nonpolitical and may not be used to disseminate
partisan principles.
CHAPTER 2205—UNITED STATES CAPITOL HISTORICAL
SOCIETY
Sec.
220501.
Organization.
220502.
Purposes.
220503.
Membership.
220504.
Governing body.
220505.
Powers.
220506.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, insignia, marks, and words.
220507.
Tax exemption.
220508.
Restrictions.
220509.
Duty to maintain corporate status.
220510.
Principal office.
252
220511.
Records and inspection.
220512.
Service of process.
220513.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
220514.
Annual report and audit.
220515.
Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation.
§ 220501. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—United States Capitol Historical Society (in
this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’) is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION.—The corporation is declared to be incor-
porated in the District of Columbia.
(c) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 220502. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to encourage in the most comprehensive and enlightened manner
an understanding by the American people of the founding, growth, and
significance of the Capitol of the United States as the tangible symbol
of their representative form of government;
(2) to undertake research into the history of the Congress and the
Capitol and to promote discussion, publication, and dissemination of
the results of this research;
(3) to foster and increase an informed patriotism among the citizens
in the study of this living memorial to the founders of this Nation and
the continuing thread of principles as exemplified by their successors;
and
(4) to cooperate with the standing committees of Congress, the Li-
brary of Congress, the Architect of the Capitol, and relevant depart-
ments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the executive branch of the
United States Government in carrying out the purposes of the corpora-
tion.
§ 220503. Membership
Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for membership in the cor-
poration and the rights and privileges of members are as provided in the
constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
§ 220504. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF TRUSTEES.—(1) The board of trustees is the governing
body of the corporation. The board is responsible for the control of all funds
and affairs of the corporation.
(2) Exclusive of ex officio and honorary members, the board shall consist
of at least 12 but not more than 40 trustees, one of whom shall be elected
chairman. Trustees shall be elected by the board of trustees, for a term of
4 years. A trustee may not be reelected as a trustee within one year of the
expiration of the prior term, except by the unanimous vote of the trustees
253
present and voting. A trustee may be removed at any time, with or without
cause, by a two-thirds vote of the other trustees.
(3) The officers of the corporation are ex officio members of the board
with all the rights and privileges of trustees, including the right to vote.
(4) The board shall meet at least once a year in the Capitol of the United
States. The board may meet at other times as decided by the chairman. A
meeting may be held only at a time and place stated in the bylaws or on
30 days’ written notice.
(b) OFFICERS.—(1) The officers of the corporation are a president, 5 vice
presidents, a treasurer, and a secretary. The president is the chief executive
officer.
(2) The officers shall be elected annually by the board of trustees and
continue in office at the pleasure of the board.
(3) The duties of the officers are the usual duties pertaining to their of-
fices and any additional duties delegated by the board.
(4) Officers may be compensated for their services, and reimbursed for
actual expenses, in amounts decided by the board.
(c) EMPLOYEES.—The board of trustees may employ an executive sec-
retary and other personnel needed to assist the board and the officers to
carry out the activities of the corporation. Employees serve at the pleasure
of the board. The board shall prescribe the compensation and duties of em-
ployees.
§ 220505. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws for the management
of its property and the regulation of its affairs;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) choose officers, managers, and agents as the activities of the cor-
poration require;
(4) make contracts;
(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
or convenient to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(6) borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure its
obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(7) produce, buy, and market commemorative medals, souvenirs,
publications, pictures, and cinemas consistent with the purposes of the
corporation;
(8) charge and collect membership dues;
(9) conduct fund raising campaigns and accept contributions;
(10) sue and be sued; and
254
(11) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 220506. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, insignia,
marks, and words
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the name ‘‘United States
Capitol Historical Society’’ and seals, emblems, distinctive insignia, and de-
scriptive or designating marks, words, or phrases required to carry out the
duties and powers of the corporation. This section does not affect any vested
rights.
§ 220507. Tax exemption
Notwithstanding section 105 of title 4 of the United States Code or any
provision of the District of Columbia Code, the corporation is not required
to pay, collect, or account for any tax specified in those provisions in con-
nection with activities conducted within, or on the grounds of, the United
States Capitol Building.
§ 220508. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a trustee,
officer, or member as such during the life of the corporation or on its dis-
solution or final liquidation. This subsection does not prevent the payment
of reasonable compensation to an officer or employee or reimbursement for
actual expenses in amounts approved by the board of trustees.
(c) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan or advance to a trust-
ee, officer, or employee. Trustees who vote for or assent to making a loan
or advance to a trustee, officer, or employee, and officers who participate
in making the loan or advance, are jointly and severally liable to the cor-
poration for the amount of the loan or advance until it is repaid.
§ 220509. Duty to maintain corporate status
The corporation shall maintain its status as a corporation incorporated
under the laws of the District of Columbia or a State.
§ 220510. Principal office
The principal office of the corporation shall be in the District of Columbia
or another place decided by the board of trustees. However, the activities
of the corporation are not confined to the place where the principal office
is located but may be conducted throughout the States, territories, and pos-
sessions of the United States.
§ 220511. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
255
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of trustees, and
committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 220512. Service of process
The corporation shall have a designated agent in the District of Columbia
to receive service of process for the corporation. Notice to or service on the
agent, or mailed to the business address of the agent, is notice to or service
on the corporation.
§ 220513. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 220514. Annual report and audit
(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—The corporation shall submit an annual report to
each House of Congress on the activities of the corporation during the prior
fiscal year. The report shall be submitted as soon as practical after the end
of each fiscal year.
(b) AUDIT.—In addition to complying with the audit requirements of sec-
tion 10101 of this title, the corporation shall comply with section 451 of
the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (40 U.S.C. 193m–1).
§ 220515. Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liq-
uidation
On dissolution or final liquidation of the corporation, any assets remain-
ing after the discharge of all liabilities shall be distributed as provided by
the board of trustees, but in compliance with the constitution and bylaws
of the corporation.
CHAPTER 2207—UNITED STATES OLYMPIC COMMITTEE
SUBCHAPTER I—CORPORATION
Sec.
220701.
Definitions.
220702.
Organization.
220703.
Purposes.
220704.
Membership.
220705.
Powers.
220706.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
220707.
Restrictions.
220708.
Headquarters, principal office, and meetings.
220709.
Resolution of disputes.
220710.
Service of process.
220711.
Annual report.
SUBCHAPTER II—NATIONAL GOVERNING BODIES
220721.
Recognition of amateur sports organizations as national governing bodies.
220722.
Eligibility requirements.
220723.
Authority of national governing bodies.
256
220724.
General duties of national governing bodies.
220725.
Granting sanctions for amateur athletic competitions.
220726.
Restricted amateur athletic competitions.
220727.
Complaints against national governing bodies.
220728.
Applications to replace an incumbent national governing body.
220729.
Arbitration of corporation determinations.
SUBCHAPTER I—CORPORATION
§ 220701. Definitions
For purposes of this chapter—
(1) ‘‘amateur athlete’’ means an athlete who meets the eligibility
standards established by the national governing body for the sport in
which the athlete competes.
(2) ‘‘amateur athletic competition’’ means a contest, game, meet,
match, tournament, regatta, or other event in which amateur athletes
compete.
(3) ‘‘amateur sports organization’’ means a not-for-profit corpora-
tion, association, or other group organized in the United States that
sponsors or arranges an amateur athletic competition.
(4) ‘‘corporation’’ means the United States Olympic Committee.
(5) ‘‘international amateur athletic competition’’ means an amateur
athletic competition between one or more athletes representing the
United States, individually or as a team, and one or more athletes rep-
resenting a foreign country.
(6) ‘‘national governing body’’ means an amateur sports organization
that is recognized by the corporation under section 220721 of this title.
(7) ‘‘sanction’’ means a certificate of approval issued by a national
governing body.
§ 220702. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—The corporation is a federally chartered cor-
poration.
(b) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
(c) REFERENCES TO UNITED STATES OLYMPIC ASSOCIATION.—Any ref-
erence to the United States Olympic Association is deemed to refer to the
United States Olympic Committee.
§ 220703. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are—
(1) to establish national goals for amateur athletic activities and en-
courage the attainment of those goals;
(2) to coordinate and develop amateur athletic activity in the United
States, directly related to international amateur athletic competition, to
foster productive working relationships among sports-related organiza-
tions;
257
(3) to exercise exclusive jurisdiction, directly or through constituent
members of committees, over—
(A) all matters pertaining to United States participation in the
Olympic Games and the Pan-American Games, including represen-
tation of the United States in the games; and
(B) the organization of the Olympic Games and the Pan-Amer-
ican Games when held in the United States;
(4) to obtain for the United States, directly or by delegation to the
appropriate national governing body, the most competent amateur rep-
resentation possible in each event of the Olympic Games and Pan-
American Games;
(5) to promote and support amateur athletic activities involving the
United States and foreign nations;
(6) to promote and encourage physical fitness and public participa-
tion in amateur athletic activities;
(7) to assist organizations and persons concerned with sports in the
development of amateur athletic programs for amateur athletes;
(8) to provide swift resolution of conflicts and disputes involving
amateur athletes, national governing bodies, and amateur sports orga-
nizations, and protect the opportunity of any amateur athlete, coach,
trainer, manager, administrator, or official to participate in amateur
athletic competition;
(9) to foster the development of amateur athletic facilities for use
by amateur athletes and assist in making existing amateur athletic fa-
cilities available for use by amateur athletes;
(10) to provide and coordinate technical information on physical
training, equipment design, coaching, and performance analysis;
(11) to encourage and support research, development, and dissemina-
tion of information in the areas of sports medicine and sports safety;
(12) to encourage and provide assistance to amateur athletic activi-
ties for women;
(13) to encourage and provide assistance to amateur athletic pro-
grams and competition for individuals with disabilities, including, where
feasible, the expansion of opportunities for meaningful participation by
individuals with disabilities in programs of athletic competition for
able-bodied individuals; and
(14) to encourage and provide assistance to amateur athletes of ra-
cial and ethnic minorities for the purpose of eliciting the participation
of those minorities in amateur athletic activities in which they are
underrepresented.
258
§ 220704. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Eligibility for membership in the corporation is as pro-
vided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) REQUIRED PROVISIONS FOR REPRESENTATION.—In its constitution
and bylaws, the corporation shall establish and maintain provisions with re-
spect to its governance and the conduct of its affairs for reasonable rep-
resentation of—
(1) amateur sports organizations recognized as national governing
bodies under section 220721 of this title;
(2) amateur athletes who are actively engaged in amateur athletic
competition or who have represented the United States in international
amateur athletic competition within the preceding 10 years;
(3) amateur sports organizations that conduct a national program or
regular national amateur athletic competition in 2 or more sports that
are included on the program of the Olympic Games or the Pan-Amer-
ican Games on a level of proficiency appropriate for the selection of
amateur athletes to represent the United States in international ama-
teur athletic competition; and
(4) individuals not affiliated or associated with any amateur sports
organization who, in the corporation’s judgment, represent the interests
of the American public in the activities of the corporation.
§ 220705. Powers
(a) CONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS.—The corporation shall adopt a con-
stitution and bylaws. The corporation may amend its constitution only if the
corporation—
(1) publishes, in its principal publication, a notice of the proposed
amendment, including—
(A) the substantive terms of the amendment;
(B) the time and place of the corporation’s regular meeting at
which adoption of the amendment is to be decided; and
(C) a provision informing interested persons that they may sub-
mit materials as authorized in clause (2) of this subsection; and
(2) gives all interested persons an opportunity to submit written
comments and information for at least 60 days after publication of no-
tice of the proposed amendment and before adoption of the amend-
ment.
(b) GENERAL CORPORATE POWERS.—The corporation may—
(1) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(2) establish and maintain offices to conduct the affairs of the cor-
poration;
(3) make contracts;
259
(4) accept gifts, legacies, and devises in furtherance of its corporate
purposes;
(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(6) borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure its
obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(7) publish a magazine, newspaper, and other publications consistent
with its corporate purposes;
(8) approve and revoke membership in the corporation;
(9) sue and be sued; and
(10) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
(c) POWERS RELATED
TO AMATEUR ATHLETICS
AND
THE OLYMPIC
GAMES.—The corporation may—
(1) serve as the coordinating body for amateur athletic activity in
the United States directly related to international amateur athletic
competition;
(2) represent the United States as its national Olympic committee
in relations with the International Olympic Committee and the Pan-
American Sports Organization;
(3) organize, finance, and control the representation of the United
States in the competitions and events of the Olympic Games and of the
Pan-American Games, and obtain, directly or by delegation to the ap-
propriate national governing body, amateur representation for those
games;
(4) recognize eligible amateur sports organizations as national gov-
erning bodies for any sport that is included on the program of the
Olympic Games or the Pan-American Games;
(5) facilitate, through orderly and effective administrative proce-
dures, the resolution of conflicts or disputes that involve any of its
members and any amateur athlete, coach, trainer, manager, adminis-
trator, official, national governing body, or amateur sports organization
and that arise in connection with their eligibility for and participation
in the Olympic Games, the Pan-American world championship competi-
tion, or other protected competition as defined in the constitution and
bylaws of the corporation; and
(6) provide financial assistance to any organization or association,
except a corporation organized for profit, in furtherance of the pur-
poses of the corporation.
260
§ 220706. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
(a) EXCLUSIVE RIGHT OF CORPORATION.—Except as provided in sub-
section (d) of this section, the corporation has the exclusive right to use—
(1) the name ‘‘United States Olympic Committee’’;
(2) the symbol of the International Olympic Committee, consisting
of 5 interlocking rings;
(3) the emblem of the corporation, consisting of an escutcheon hav-
ing a blue chief and vertically extending red and white bars on the base
with 5 interlocking rings displayed on the chief; and
(4) the words ‘‘Olympic’’, ‘‘Olympiad’’, ‘‘Citius Altius Fortius’’, or
any combination of those words.
(b) CONTRIBUTORS
AND SUPPLIERS.—The corporation may authorize
contributors and suppliers of goods or services to use the trade name of the
corporation or any trademark, symbol, insignia, or emblem of the Inter-
national Olympic Committee or of the corporation to advertise that the con-
tributions, goods, or services were donated or supplied to, or approved, se-
lected, or used by, the corporation, the United States Olympic team, the
Pan-American team, or team members.
(c) CIVIL ACTION FOR UNAUTHORIZED USE.—Except as provided in sub-
section (d) of this section, the corporation may file a civil action against
a person for the remedies provided in the Act of July 5, 1946 (15 U.S.C.
1051 et seq.) (popularly known as the Trademark Act of 1946) if the per-
son, without the consent of the corporation, uses for the purpose of trade,
to induce the sale of any goods or services, or to promote any theatrical
exhibition, athletic performance, or competition—
(1) the symbol described in subsection (a)(2) of this section;
(2) the emblem described in subsection (a)(3) of this section;
(3) the words described in subsection (a)(4) of this section, or any
combination or simulation of those words tending to cause confusion
or mistake, to deceive, or to falsely suggest a connection with the cor-
poration or any Olympic activity; or
(4) any trademark, trade name, sign, symbol, or insignia falsely rep-
resenting association with, or authorization by, the International Olym-
pic Committee or the corporation.
(d) PRE-EXISTING RIGHTS.—(1) A person who actually used the emblem
described in subsection (a)(3) of this section, or the words or any combina-
tion of the words described in subsection (a)(4) of this section, for any law-
ful purpose before September 21, 1950, is not prohibited by this section
from continuing the lawful use for the same purpose and for the same goods
or services.
261
(2) A person who actually used, or whose assignor actually used, the
words or any combination of the words described in subsection (a)(4) of this
section, or a trademark, trade name, sign, symbol, or insignia described in
subsection (c)(4) of this section, for any lawful purpose before September
21, 1950, is not prohibited by this section from continuing the lawful use
for the same purpose and for the same goods or services.
§ 220707. Restrictions
(a) PROFIT AND STOCK.—The corporation may not engage in business
for profit or issue stock.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation shall be nonpolitical and
may not promote the candidacy of an individual seeking public office.
§ 220708. Headquarters, principal office, and meetings
The corporation shall maintain its principal office and national head-
quarters in a place in the United States decided by the corporation. The
corporation may hold its annual and special meetings in the places decided
by the corporation.
§ 220709. Resolution of disputes
The corporation shall establish and maintain provisions in its constitution
and bylaws for the swift and equitable resolution of disputes involving any
of its members and relating to the opportunity of an amateur athlete, coach,
trainer, manager, administrator, or official to participate in the Olympic
Games, the Pan-American Games, world championship competition, or other
protected competition as defined in the constitution and bylaws of the cor-
poration.
§ 220710. Service of process
As a condition to the exercise of any power or privilege granted by this
chapter, the corporation shall file, with the secretary of state or other des-
ignated official of each State, the name and address of an agent in that
State on whom legal process or demands against the corporation may be
served.
§ 220711. Annual report
(a) SUBMISSION TO PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS.—Not later than June
1 of each year, the corporation shall submit simultaneously to the President
and to each House of Congress a detailed report of its operations during
the prior calendar year, including—
(1) a complete statement of the corporation’s receipts and expendi-
tures; and
(2) a comprehensive description of the activities and accomplish-
ments of the corporation during the prior year.
(b) AVAILABILITY TO PUBLIC.—The corporation shall make copies of the
report available to interested persons at a reasonable cost.
262
SUBCHAPTER II—NATIONAL GOVERNING BODIES
§ 220721. Recognition of amateur sports organizations as na-
tional governing bodies
(a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—For any sport that is included on the pro-
gram of the Olympic Games or the Pan-American Games, the corporation
may recognize as a national governing body an amateur sports organization
that files an application and is eligible under section 220722 of this title.
The corporation may recognize only one national governing body for each
sport for which an application is made and approved.
(b) PUBLIC HEARING.—Before recognizing an organization as a national
governing body, the corporation shall hold a public hearing on the applica-
tion. The corporation shall publish notice of the time, place, and nature of
the hearing. Publication shall be made in a regular issue of the corpora-
tion’s principal publication at least 30 days, but not more than 60 days,
before the date of the hearing.
(c) RECOMMENDATION TO INTERNATIONAL SPORTS FEDERATION.—With-
in 61 days after recognizing an organization as a national governing body,
the corporation shall recommend and support in any appropriate manner
the national governing body to the appropriate international sports federa-
tion as the representative of the United States for that sport.
(d) REVIEW OF RECOGNITION.—The corporation may review all matters
related to the continued recognition of an organization as a national govern-
ing body and may take action it considers appropriate, including placing
conditions on the continued recognition.
§ 220722. Eligibility requirements
An amateur sports organization is eligible to be recognized, or to continue
to be recognized, as a national governing body only if it—
(1) is incorporated under the laws of a State of the United States
or the District of Columbia as a not-for-profit corporation having as
its purpose the advancement of amateur athletic competition;
(2) has the managerial and financial capability to plan and execute
its obligations;
(3) submits—
(A) an application, in the form required by the corporation, for
recognition as a national governing body;
(B) a copy of its corporate charter and bylaws; and
(C) any additional information considered necessary or appro-
priate by the corporation;
(4) agrees to submit, on demand by the corporation, to binding arbi-
tration conducted in accordance with the commercial rules of the Amer-
ican Arbitration Association in any controversy involving—
263
(A) its recognition as a national governing body, as provided for
in section 220729 of this title; or
(B) the opportunity of any amateur athlete, coach, trainer,
manager, administrator, or official to participate in amateur ath-
letic competition, as provided for in the corporation’s constitution
and bylaws;
(5) demonstrates that it is autonomous in the governance of its
sport, in that it—
(A) independently decides and controls all matters central to
governance;
(B) does not delegate decision-making and control of matters
central to governance; and
(C) is free from outside restraint;
(6) demonstrates that it is a member of no more than one inter-
national sports federation that governs a sport included on the program
of the Olympic Games or the Pan-American Games;
(7) demonstrates that its membership is open to any individual who
is an amateur athlete, coach, trainer, manager, administrator, or offi-
cial active in the sport for which recognition is sought, or any amateur
sports organization that conducts programs in the sport for which rec-
ognition is sought, or both;
(8) provides an equal opportunity to amateur athletes, coaches,
trainers, managers, administrators, and officials to participate in ama-
teur athletic competition, without discrimination on the basis of race,
color, religion, sex, age, or national origin, and with fair notice and op-
portunity for a hearing to any amateur athlete, coach, trainer, man-
ager, administrator, or official before declaring the individual ineligible
to participate;
(9) is governed by a board of directors or other governing board
whose members are selected without regard to race, color, religion, na-
tional origin, or sex, except that, in sports where there are separate
male and female programs, it provides for reasonable representation of
both males and females on the board of directors or other governing
board;
(10) demonstrates that—
(A) its board of directors or other governing board includes
among its voting members—
(i) individuals who are actively engaged in amateur athletic
competition in the sport for which recognition is sought; or
264
(ii) individuals who, within the prior 10 years, have rep-
resented the United States in international amateur athletic
competition in the sport for which recognition is sought; and
(B) the individuals described in subclause (A) of this clause hold
at least 20 percent of the membership and voting power on the
board;
(11) provides for reasonable direct representation on its board of di-
rectors or other governing board for any amateur sports organization
that—
(A) conducts a national program or regular national amateur
athletic competition in the applicable sport on a level of proficiency
appropriate for the selection of amateur athletes to represent the
United States in international amateur athletic competition; and
(B) ensures that the representation reflects the nature, scope,
quality, and strength of the programs and competitions of the
amateur sports organization in relation to all other programs and
competitions in the sport in the United States;
(12) demonstrates that none of its officers are also officers of any
other amateur sports organization recognized as a national governing
body;
(13) provides procedures for the prompt and equitable resolution of
grievances of its members;
(14) does not have eligibility criteria related to amateur status that
are more restrictive than those of the appropriate international sports
federation; and
(15) demonstrates, if the organization is seeking to be recognized as
a national governing body, that it is prepared to meet the obligations
imposed on a national governing body under sections 220724 and
220725 of this title.
§ 220723. Authority of national governing bodies
(a) AUTHORITY.—For the sport that it governs, a national governing
body may—
(1) represent the United States in the appropriate international
sports federation;
(2) establish national goals and encourage the attainment of those
goals;
(3) serve as the coordinating body for amateur athletic activity in
the United States;
(4) exercise jurisdiction over international amateur athletic activities
and sanction international amateur athletic competition held in the
265
United States and sanction the sponsorship of international amateur
athletic competition held outside the United States;
(5) conduct amateur athletic competition, including national cham-
pionships, and international amateur athletic competition in the United
States, and establish procedures for determining eligibility standards
for participation in competition, except for amateur athletic competition
specified in section 220726 of this title;
(6) recommend to the corporation individuals and teams to represent
the United States in the Olympic Games and the Pan-American
Games; and
(7) designate individuals and teams to represent the United States
in international amateur athletic competition (other than the Olympic
Games and the Pan-American Games) and certify, in accordance with
applicable international rules, the amateur eligibility of those individ-
uals and teams.
(b) REPLACEMENT OF NATIONAL GOVERNING BODY PURSUANT TO ARBI-
TRATION.—A national governing body may not exercise any authority under
subsection (a) of this section for a particular sport after another amateur
sports organization has been declared (in accordance with binding arbitra-
tion proceedings prescribed by the organic documents of the corporation)
entitled to replace that national governing body as the member of the cor-
poration for that sport.
§ 220724. General duties of national governing bodies
For the sport that it governs, a national governing body shall—
(1) develop interest and participation throughout the United States
and be responsible to the persons and amateur sports organizations it
represents;
(2) minimize, through coordination with other amateur sports orga-
nizations, conflicts in the scheduling of all practices and competitions;
(3) keep amateur athletes informed of policy matters and reasonably
reflect the views of the athletes in its policy decisions;
(4) allow an amateur athlete to compete in any international ama-
teur athletic competition conducted by any amateur sports organization
or person, unless the national governing body establishes that its denial
is based on evidence that the organization or person conducting the
competition does not meet the requirements stated in section 220725
of this title;
(5) provide equitable support and encouragement for participation by
women where separate programs for male and female athletes are con-
ducted on a national basis;
266
(6) encourage and support amateur athletic sports programs for in-
dividuals with disabilities and the participation of individuals with dis-
abilities in amateur athletic activity, including, where feasible, the ex-
pansion of opportunities for meaningful participation by individuals
with disabilities in programs of athletic competition for able-bodied in-
dividuals;
(7) provide and coordinate technical information on physical train-
ing, equipment design, coaching, and performance analysis; and
(8) encourage and support research, development, and dissemination
of information in the areas of sports medicine and sports safety.
§ 220725. Granting sanctions for amateur athletic competi-
tions
(a) PROMPT REVIEW AND DECISION.—For the sport that it governs, a
national governing body promptly shall—
(1) review a request by an amateur sports organization or person for
a sanction to hold an international amateur athletic competition in the
United States or to sponsor United States amateur athletes to compete
in international amateur athletic competition outside the United States;
and
(2) grant the sanction if—
(A) the national governing body does not decide by clear and
convincing evidence that holding or sponsoring an international
amateur athletic competition would be detrimental to the best in-
terest of the sport;SEA and
(B) the requirements of subsection (b) of this section are met.
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—An amateur sports organization or person may be
granted a sanction under this section only if the organization or person
meets the following requirements:
(1) The organization or person must pay the national governing body
any required sanctioning fee, if the fee is reasonable and nondiscrim-
inatory.
(2) For a sanction to hold an international amateur athletic competi-
tion in the United States, the organization or person must—
(A) submit to the national governing body an audited or nota-
rized financial report of similar events, if any, conducted by the
organization or person; and
(B) demonstrate that the requirements of paragraph (4) of this
subsection have been met.
(3) For a sanction to sponsor United States amateur athletes to
compete in international amateur athletic competition outside the Unit-
ed States, the organization or person must—
267
(A) submit a report of the most recent trip to a foreign country,
if any, that the organization or person sponsored for the purpose
of having United States amateur athletes compete in international
amateur athletic competition; and
(B) submit a letter from the appropriate entity that will hold
the international amateur athletic competition certifying that the
requirements of paragraph (4) of this subsection have been met.
(4) The requirements referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3) of this
subsection are that—
(A) appropriate measures have been taken to protect the ama-
teur status of athletes who will take part in the competition and
to protect their eligibility to compete in amateur athletic competi-
tion;
(B) appropriate provision has been made for validation of any
records established during the competition;
(C) due regard has been given to any international amateur ath-
letic requirements specifically applicable to the competition;
(D) the competition will be conducted by qualified officials;
(E) proper medical supervision will be provided for athletes who
will participate in the competition; and
(F) proper safety precautions have been taken to protect the
personal welfare of the athletes and spectators at the competition.
§ 220726. Restricted amateur athletic competitions
(a) EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION.—An amateur sports organization that
conducts amateur athletic competition shall have exclusive jurisdiction over
that competition if participation is restricted to a specific class of amateur
athletes, such as high school students, college students, members of the
Armed Forces, or similar groups or categories.
(b) SANCTIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION.—An amateur sports
organization under subsection (a) of this section shall obtain a sanction
from the appropriate national governing body if the organization wishes
to—
(1) conduct international amateur athletic competition in the United
States; or
(2) sponsor international amateur athletic competition to be held
outside the United States.
§ 220727. Complaints against national governing bodies
(a) GENERAL.—(1) An amateur sports organization or person that be-
longs to or is eligible to belong to a national governing body may seek to
compel the national governing body to comply with sections 220722,
220724, and 220725 of this title by filing a written complaint with the cor-
268
poration. A copy of the complaint shall be served on the national governing
body.
(2) The corporation shall establish procedures for the filing and disposi-
tion of complaints under this section.
(b) EXHAUSTION OF REMEDIES.—(1) An organization or person may file
a complaint under subsection (a) of this section only after exhausting all
available remedies within the national governing body for correcting defi-
ciencies, unless it can be shown by clear and convincing evidence that those
remedies would have resulted in unnecessary delay.
(2) Within 30 days after a complaint is filed, the corporation shall decide
whether the organization or person has exhausted all available remedies as
required by paragraph (1) of this subsection. If the corporation determines
that the remedies have not been exhausted, it may direct that the remedies
be pursued before the corporation considers the complaint further.
(c) HEARINGS.—If the corporation decides that all available remedies
have been exhausted as required by subsection (b)(1) of this section, it shall
hold a hearing, within 90 days after the complaint is filed, to receive testi-
mony to decide whether the national governing body is complying with sec-
tions 220722, 220724, and 220725 of this title.
(d) DISPOSITION OF COMPLAINT.—(1) If the corporation decides, as a re-
sult of the hearing, that the national governing body is complying with sec-
tions 220722, 220724, and 220725 of this title, it shall so notify the com-
plainant and the national governing body.
(2) If the corporation decides, as a result of the hearing, that the national
governing body is not complying with sections 220722, 220724, and 220725
of this title, it shall—
(A) place the national governing body on probation for a specified
period of time, not to exceed 180 days, which the corporation considers
necessary to enable the national governing body to comply with those
sections; or
(B) revoke the recognition of the national governing body.
(3) If the corporation places a national governing body on probation
under paragraph (2) of this subsection, it may extend the probationary pe-
riod if the national governing body has proven by clear and convincing evi-
dence that, through no fault of its own, it needs additional time to comply
with sections 220722, 220724, and 220725 of this title. If, at the end of
the period allowed by the corporation, the national governing body has not
complied with those sections, the corporation shall revoke the recognition of
the national governing body.
269
§ 220728. Applications to replace an incumbent national
governing body
(a) GENERAL.—An amateur sports organization may seek to replace an
incumbent as the national governing body for a particular sport by filing
a written application for recognition with the corporation.
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES.—The corporation shall establish
procedures for the filing and disposition of applications under this section.
If 2 or more organizations file applications for the same sport, the applica-
tions shall be considered in a single proceeding.
(c) FILING PROCEDURES.—(1) An application under this section must be
filed within one year after the final day of—
(A) any Olympic Games, for a sport in which competition is held in
the Olympic Games or both the Olympic and Pan-American Games; or
(B) any Pan-American Games, for a sport in which competition is
held in the Pan-American Games but not in the Olympic Games.
(2) The application shall be filed with the corporation by registered mail,
and a copy of the application shall be served on the national governing body.
The corporation shall inform the applicant that its application has been re-
ceived.
(d) HEARINGS.—Within 180 days after receipt of an application filed
under this section, the corporation shall conduct a formal hearing to deter-
mine the merits of the application. The corporation shall publish notice of
the time and place of the hearing in a regular issue of its principal publica-
tion at least 30 days, but not more than 60 days, before the date of the
hearing. In the hearing, the applicant and the national governing body shall
be given a reasonable opportunity to present evidence supporting their posi-
tions.
(e) STANDARDS FOR GRANTING APPLICATIONS.—In the hearing, the ap-
plicant must establish by a preponderance of the evidence that—
(1) it meets the criteria for recognition as a national governing body
under section 220722 of this title; and
(2)(A) the national governing body does not meet the criteria of sec-
tion 220722, 220724, or 220725 of this title; or
(B) the applicant more adequately meets the criteria of section
220722 of this title, is capable of more adequately meeting the criteria
of sections 220724 and 220725 of this title, and provides or is capable
of providing a more effective national program of competition than the
national governing body in the sport for which it seeks recognition.
(f) DISPOSITION OF APPLICATIONS.—Within 30 days after the close of
the hearing required by this section, the corporation shall—
270
(1) uphold the right of the national governing body to continue as
the national governing body for its sport;
(2) revoke the recognition of the national governing body and declare
a vacancy in the national governing body for that sport;
(3) revoke the recognition of the national governing body and recog-
nize the applicant as the national governing body; or
(4) place the national governing body on probation for a period not
exceeding 180 days, pending the compliance of the national governing
body, if the national governing body would have retained recognition
except for a minor deficiency in one of the requirements of section
220722, 220724, or 220725 of this title.
(g) REVOCATION OF RECOGNITION AFTER PROBATION.—If the national
governing body does not comply with sections 220722, 220724, and 220725
of this title within the probationary period prescribed under subsection
(f)(4) of this section, the corporation shall revoke the recognition of the na-
tional governing body and either—
(1) recognize the applicant as the national governing body; or
(2) declare a vacancy in the national governing body for that sport.
§ 220729. Arbitration of corporation determinations
(a) RIGHT TO REVIEW.—A party aggrieved by a determination of the cor-
poration under section 220727 or 220728 of this title may obtain review
by any regional office of the American Arbitration Association.
(b) PROCEDURE.—(1) A demand for arbitration must be submitted with-
in 30 days after the determination of the corporation.
(2) On receipt of a demand for arbitration, the Association shall serve
notice on the parties to the arbitration and on the corporation, and shall
immediately proceed with arbitration according to the commercial rules of
the Association in effect at the time the demand is filed, except that—
(A) the arbitration panel shall consist of at least 3 arbitrators, unless
the parties to the proceeding agree to a lesser number;
(B) the arbitration hearing shall take place at a site selected by the
Association, unless the parties to the proceeding agree to the use of
another site; and
(C) the arbitration hearing shall be open to the public.
(3) A decision by the arbitrators shall be by majority vote unless the con-
currence of all arbitrators is expressly required by the contesting parties.
(4) Each party may be represented by counsel or by any other authorized
representative at the arbitration proceeding.
(5) The parties may offer any evidence they desire and shall produce any
additional evidence the arbitrators believe is necessary to an understanding
and determination of the dispute. The arbitrators shall be the sole judges
271
of the relevancy and materiality of the evidence offered. Conformity to legal
rules of evidence is not necessary.
(c) SETTLEMENT.—The arbitrators may settle a dispute arising under
this chapter before making a final award, if agreed to by the parties and
achieved in a manner not inconsistent with the constitution and bylaws of
the corporation.
(d) BINDING NATURE OF DECISION.—Final decision of the arbitrators is
binding on the parties if the award is not inconsistent with the constitution
and bylaws of the corporation.
(e) REOPENING HEARINGS.—(1) At any time before a final decision is
made, the hearings may be reopened by the arbitrators on their own motion
or on the motion of a party.
(2) If the reopening is based on the motion of a party, and if the reopen-
ing would result in the arbitrators’ decision being delayed beyond the spe-
cific period agreed to at the beginning of the arbitration proceedings, all
parties to the decision must agree to reopen the hearings.
CHAPTER 2209—UNITED STATES SUBMARINE VETERANS
OF WORLD WAR II
Sec.
220901.
Definition.
220902.
Organization.
220903.
Purposes.
220904.
Membership.
220905.
Governing body.
220906.
Powers.
220907.
Restrictions.
220908.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
220909.
Records and inspection.
220910.
Service of process.
220911.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
220912.
Annual report.
§ 220901. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 220902. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—United States Submarine Veterans of World
War II (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incor-
porated in New Jersey and Colorado, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 220903. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration and include—
(1) preserving and promoting patriotism and loyalty to the United
States of America;
272
(2) perpetuating and establishing memorials to the memory of ship-
mates who served aboard United States submarines and gave their lives
in submarine warfare during World War II;
(3) promoting the spirit and unity that existed among the United
States Navy submarine crewmen during World War II;
(4) fostering general public awareness of life aboard submarines dur-
ing World War II, through securing, restoring, and displaying the sub-
marines that were in service at that time;
(5) sponsoring annual college scholarships; and
(6) performing acts of charity as provided in the constitution and by-
laws of the corporation.
§ 220904. Membership
Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for membership in the cor-
poration and the rights and privileges of members are as provided in the
constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
§ 220905. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
§ 220906. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 220907. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or otherwise participate in any political
activity or in any manner attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
273
§ 220908. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 220909. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 220910. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 220911. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 220912. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2301—VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS OF THE
UNITED STATES
Sec.
230101.
Organization.
230102.
Purposes.
230103.
Membership.
230104.
Powers.
230105.
Exclusive right to name, seal, emblems, and badges.
230106.
Service of process.
230107.
Annual report.
§ 230101. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
(in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a national association of men who as
soldiers, sailors, marines, and airmen served this Nation in wars, cam-
paigns, and expeditions on foreign soil or in hostile waters, is a federally
chartered corporation.
(b) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
274
§ 230102. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are fraternal, patriotic, historical, and
educational, and are—
(1) to preserve and strengthen comradeship among its members;
(2) to assist worthy comrades;
(3) to perpetuate the memory and history of our dead, and to assist
their widows and orphans;
(4) to maintain true allegiance to the Government of the United
States, and fidelity to its Constitution and laws;
(5) to foster true patriotism;
(6) to maintain and extend the institutions of American freedom;
and
(7) to preserve and defend the United States from all enemies.
§ 230103. Membership
An individual is eligible for membership in the corporation only if the in-
dividual served honorably as a member of the armed forces of the United
States—
(1) in a foreign war, insurrection, or expedition in service that—
(A) has been recognized as campaign–medal service; and
(B) is governed by the authorization of the award of a campaign
badge by the United States Government; or
(2) on the Korean peninsula or in its territorial waters for at least
30 consecutive days, or a total of 60 days, after June 30, 1949.
§ 230104. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution, bylaws, and regulations to carry
out the purposes of the corporation;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) establish and maintain offices to conduct its activities;
(4) make contracts;
(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
and appropriate to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(6) establish, regulate, and discontinue subordinate State and terri-
torial subdivisions and local chapters or posts;
(7) publish a magazine and other publications;
(8) sue and be sued; and
(9) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
275
§ 230105. Exclusive right to name, seal, emblems, and badges
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the name ‘‘Veterans of
Foreign Wars of the United States’’ and its corporate seal and to manufac-
ture and use emblems and badges the corporation adopts.
§ 230106. Service of process
As a condition to the exercise of any power or privilege granted by this
chapter, the corporation shall file, with the secretary of state or other des-
ignated official of each State, the name and address of an agent in that
State on whom legal process or demands against the corporation may be
served.
§ 230107. Annual report
Not later than January 1 of each year, the corporation shall submit a
report to Congress on the activities of the corporation during the prior fiscal
year. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2303—VETERANS OF WORLD WAR I OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, INCORPORATED
Sec.
230301.
Organization.
230302.
Purposes.
230303.
Membership.
230304.
Governing body.
230305.
Powers.
230306.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
230307.
Restrictions.
230308.
Principal office.
230309.
Records and inspection.
230310.
Service of process.
230311.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
230312.
Annual report.
230313.
Termination of existence and distribution of assets.
§ 230301. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Veterans of World War I of the United States
of America, Incorporated (in this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), is a federally
chartered corporation.
(b) PLACE OF INCORPORATION AND DOMICILE.—The corporation is de-
clared to be incorporated and domiciled in the District of Columbia.
(c) PERPETUAL EXISTENCE.—Except as otherwise provided, the corpora-
tion has perpetual existence.
§ 230302. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are patriotic, fraternal, historical, and
educational, in the service and for the benefit of veterans of World War I,
and are—
(1) to provide for the veterans of World War I an organization for
their mutual benefit, pleasure, and amusement which will afford them
opportunities and means for personal contact with each other to keep
276
alive friendships and memories of World War I and to venerate the
memory of their honored dead;
(2) to cooperate to the fullest extent and in a harmonious manner
with all veterans’ organizations so that the best interests of all veterans
of all wars in which the United States has participated, and the widows
and orphans of deceased veterans of those wars, may best be served;
(3) to stimulate communities and political subdivisions into taking
more interest in veterans of World War I, the widows and orphans of
those deceased veterans, and the problems of those veterans and their
widows and orphans;
(4) to collate, preserve, and encourage the study of historical epi-
sodes, chronicles, mementos, and events pertaining to World War I;
(5) to fight vigorously to uphold the Constitution and laws of the
United States as well as the individual States of the Union and to fos-
ter the spirit and practice of true Americanism;
(6) to fight unceasingly for our national security to protect Ameri-
cans from enemies within our borders, as well as those from without,
so that our American way of life is preserved;
(7) to fight to the utmost all those alien forces, particularly forces
such as communism, whose objectives are to deny our very existence
as a free people; and
(8) to do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the pur-
poses of the corporation.
§ 230303. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Eligibility for membership in the corporation and the
rights, privileges, and designation of classes of members are as provided in
the constitution and bylaws of the corporation. However, an individual who
did not serve honorably in the armed forces of the United States during the
period beginning April 6, 1917, and ending November 11, 1918, is not eligi-
ble for all classes of membership.
(b) VOTING.—Each member of the corporation (except an associate or
honorary member) has one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a
meeting of the members of the corporation except the national convention.
§ 230304. Governing body
(a) NATIONAL CONVENTION.—(1) The national convention is the supreme
governing authority of the corporation.
(2) The national convention is composed of officers and elected represent-
atives from the States and other local subdivisions of the corporation as pro-
vided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation. However, the form
of government of the corporation must be representative of the membership
at large and may not permit concentration of control in a limited number
277
of members or in a self-perpetuating group not representative of the mem-
bership at large. Each elected representative is entitled to one vote at the
national convention.
(3) The meetings of the national convention may be held in the District
of Columbia or in any State, territory, or possession of the United States.
(b) BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION.—(1) During the intervals between the
national convention, the board of administration is the governing board of
the corporation and is responsible for the general policies, program, and ac-
tivities of the corporation.
(2) The board shall consist of at least 7 members elected in the manner
and for the term provided in the constitution and bylaws.
(c) OFFICERS.—(1) The officers of the corporation are a national com-
mander, a national senior vice commander, a national junior vice com-
mander, a national quartermaster, a national adjutant, a national judge ad-
vocate, 9 regional vice commanders, and other officers as provided in the
constitution and bylaws. One individual may hold the offices of national
quartermaster and national adjutant.
(2) The titles, manner of selection, term of office, and duties of the offi-
cers are as provided in the constitution and bylaws.
§ 230305. Powers
The corporation may—
(1) adopt and amend a constitution and bylaws for the management
of its property and the regulation of its affairs;
(2) adopt and alter a corporate seal;
(3) choose officers, managers, employees, and agents as the activities
of the corporation require;
(4) make contracts;
(5) acquire, own, lease, encumber, and transfer property as necessary
or convenient to carry out the purposes of the corporation;
(6) borrow money, issue instruments of indebtedness, and secure its
obligations by granting security interests in its property;
(7) sue and be sued; and
(8) do any other act necessary and proper to carry out the purposes
of the corporation.
§ 230306. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation and its subordinate divisions have the exclusive right to
use the name ‘‘Veterans of World War I of the United States of America,
Incorporated’’. The corporation has the exclusive right to use, and to allow
others to use, seals, emblems, and badges the corporation adopts.
278
§ 230307. Restrictions
(a) STOCKS AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or
declare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or an officer or agent as
such may not contribute to, support, or assist a political party or candidate
for public office.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, an officer
or member during the life of the corporation or on its dissolution or final
liquidation. This subsection does not prevent the payment of compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of administration of the corporation.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan or advance to an offi-
cer or employee. Members of the board of administration who vote for or
assent to making a loan or advance to an officer or employee, and officers
who participate in making the loan or advance, are jointly and severally lia-
ble to the corporation for the amount of the loan or advance until it is re-
paid.
§ 230308. Principal office
The principal office of the corporation shall be in the District of Columbia
or another place decided by the board of administration. However, the ac-
tivities of the corporation are not confined to the place where the principal
office is located but may be conducted in the District of Columbia and
throughout the States, territories, and possessions of the United States.
§ 230309. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account; and
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its national convention and board
of administration.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member, or an agent or attorney of the member,
may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper purpose, at any
reasonable time.
§ 230310. Service of process
The corporation shall have a designated agent in the District of Columbia
to receive service of process for the corporation. Notice to or service on the
agent, or mailed to the business address of the agent, is notice to or service
on the corporation.
§ 230311. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
279
§ 230312. Annual report
Not later than March 1 of each year, the corporation shall submit a re-
port to Congress on the activities of the corporation during the prior fiscal
year. The report may consist of a report on the proceedings of the national
convention.
§ 230313. Termination of existence and distribution of assets
(a) AUTHORITY TO MAKE CONTINGENT PROVISIONS.—The national con-
vention, by resolution, may declare that the corporate existence will termi-
nate on the occurrence of a specified event and provide for the disposition
of any property remaining after the discharge of all liabilities.
(b) PROCEDURE FOR CARRYING OUT CONTINGENT PROVISIONS.—(1) An
authenticated copy of the national convention’s resolution must be filed in
the office of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
(2) The court shall take jurisdiction when—
(A) the declared event has occurred; and
(B) a petition is filed with the court reciting the relevant facts.
(3) On proof of the facts, the court shall enter an order vesting title and
ownership in accordance with the resolution of the national convention.
CHAPTER 2305—VIETNAM VETERANS OF AMERICA, INC.
Sec.
230501.
Definition.
230502.
Organization.
230503.
Purposes.
230504.
Membership.
230505.
Governing body.
230506.
Powers.
230507.
Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges.
230508.
Restrictions.
230509.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
230510.
Records and inspection.
230511.
Service of process.
230512.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
230513.
Annual report.
§ 230501. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 230502. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Vietnam Veterans of America, Inc. (in this
chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in New
York, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 230503. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration, constitution, and bylaws and include a commitment—
(1) to uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States;
280
(2) to foster improvement of the condition of Vietnam-era veterans;
(3) to promote the social welfare (including educational, economic,
social, physical, and cultural improvement) of Vietnam-era veterans and
other veterans in the United States by encouraging their growth, devel-
opment, readjustment, self-respect, self-confidence, and usefulness;
(4) to improve conditions for Vietnam-era veterans and develop chan-
nels of communication to assist Vietnam-era veterans;
(5) to conduct and publish research, on a nonpartisan basis, pertain-
ing to—
(A) the relationship between Vietnam-era veterans and Amer-
ican society;
(B) the Vietnam war experience;
(C) the role of the United States in securing peaceful coexist-
ence for the world community; and
(D) other matters that affect the educational, economic, social,
physical, or cultural welfare of Vietnam-era veterans, other veter-
ans, and their families;
(6) to assist disabled Vietnam-era veterans and other veterans in
need of assistance and the dependents and survivors of those veterans;
and
(7) to consecrate the efforts of the members of the corporation, and
Vietnam-era veterans generally, to mutual helpfulness and service to
their country.
§ 230504. Membership
(a) ELIGIBILITY.—Except as provided in this chapter, eligibility for mem-
bership in the corporation and the rights and privileges of members are as
provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(b) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The terms of membership may not discrimi-
nate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, age, or national ori-
gin.
§ 230505. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the constitution and bylaws of the cor-
poration.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the constitution and bylaws of the corporation.
(c) NONDISCRIMINATION.—The requirements for serving as a director or
officer may not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disabil-
ity, age, or national origin.
281
§ 230506. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its articles of incorpora-
tion filed in the State of incorporation and in its constitution and bylaws.
§ 230507. Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and
badges
The corporation has the exclusive right to use the names ‘‘The Vietnam
Veterans of America, Inc.’’, ‘‘Vietnam Veterans of America, Inc.’’, and
‘‘Vietnam Veterans of America’’, and seals, emblems, and badges the cor-
poration adopts. This section does not affect any vested rights.
§ 230508. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(c) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(d) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim congressional approval or the authority of the United
States Government for any of its activities.
§ 230509. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 230510. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
§ 230511. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
282
§ 230512. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers and agents acting
within the scope of their authority.
§ 230513. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2401—WOMEN’S ARMY CORPS VETERANS’
ASSOCIATION
Sec.
240101.
Definition.
240102.
Organization.
240103.
Purposes.
240104.
Membership.
240105.
Governing body.
240106.
Powers.
240107.
Restrictions.
240108.
Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.
240109.
Records and inspection.
240110.
Service of process.
240111.
Liability for acts of officers and agents.
240112.
Annual report.
§ 240101. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia
and the territories and possessions of the United States.
§ 240102. Organization
(a) FEDERAL CHARTER.—Women’s Army Corps Veterans’ Association (in
this chapter, the ‘‘corporation’’), a nonprofit corporation incorporated in the
District of Columbia, is a federally chartered corporation.
(b) EXPIRATION OF CHARTER.—If the corporation does not comply with
any provision of this chapter, the charter granted by this chapter expires.
§ 240103. Purposes
The purposes of the corporation are as provided in its articles of incorpo-
ration and include a continuing commitment on a national basis—
(1) to promote the general welfare of all veterans, especially women
veterans, who have served or are serving in the United States Army,
the Army Reserve, and the Army National Guard;
(2) to recognize outstanding women in college ROTC units through-
out the United States; and
(3) to provide services and support to patients in medical facilities
of the Department of Veterans Affairs throughout the United States.
§ 240104. Membership
Eligibility for membership in the corporation and the rights and privileges
of members are as provided in the constitution and bylaws of the corpora-
tion.
283
§ 240105. Governing body
(a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—The board of directors and the responsibil-
ities of the board are as provided in the articles of incorporation.
(b) OFFICERS.—The officers and the election of officers are as provided
in the articles of incorporation.
§ 240106. Powers
The corporation has only the powers provided in its bylaws and articles
of incorporation filed in each State in which it is incorporated.
§ 240107. Restrictions
(a) STOCK AND DIVIDENDS.—The corporation may not issue stock or de-
clare or pay a dividend.
(b) POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.—The corporation or a director or officer as
such may not contribute to, support, or otherwise participate in any political
activity or in any manner attempt to influence legislation.
(c) DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME OR ASSETS.—The income or assets of the
corporation may not inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, a director,
officer, or member during the life of the charter granted by this chapter.
This subsection does not prevent the payment of reasonable compensation
to an officer or reimbursement for actual necessary expenses in amounts ap-
proved by the board of directors.
(d) LOANS.—The corporation may not make a loan to a director, officer,
or employee.
(e) CLAIM OF GOVERNMENTAL APPROVAL OR AUTHORITY.—The corpora-
tion may not claim the approval or the authority of the United States Gov-
ernment for any of its activities.
§ 240108. Duty to maintain tax-exempt status
The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
§ 240109. Records and inspection
(a) RECORDS.—The corporation shall keep—
(1) correct and complete records of account;
(2) minutes of the proceedings of its members, board of directors,
and committees; and
(3) at its principal office, a record of the names and addresses of
its members entitled to vote.
(b) INSPECTION.—A member entitled to vote, or an agent or attorney of
the member, may inspect the records of the corporation for any proper pur-
pose, at any reasonable time.
284
§ 240110. Service of process
The corporation shall comply with the law on service of process of each
State in which it is incorporated and each State in which it carries on ac-
tivities.
§ 240111. Liability for acts of officers and agents
The corporation is liable for the acts of its officers or agents acting within
the scope of their authority.
§ 240112. Annual report
The corporation shall submit an annual report to Congress on the activi-
ties of the corporation during the prior fiscal year. The report shall be sub-
mitted at the same time as the report of the audit required by section
10101 of this title. The report may not be printed as a public document.
CHAPTER 2501—[RESERVED]
CHAPTER 2601—[RESERVED]
CHAPTER 2701—[RESERVED]
SEC. 2. THE FLAG.
(a) Chapter 1 of title 4, United States Code, is amended by adding at
the end the following new sections:
‘‘§ 4. Pledge of allegiance to the flag; manner of delivery
‘‘The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, ‘I pledge allegiance to the Flag
of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands,
one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.’, should
be rendered by standing at attention facing the flag with the right hand
over the heart. When not in uniform men should remove their headdress
with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over
the heart. Persons in uniform should remain silent, face the flag, and render
the military salute.
‘‘§ 5. Display and use of flag by civilians; codification of
rules and customs; definition
‘‘The following codification of existing rules and customs pertaining to the
display and use of the flag of the United States of America is established
for the use of such civilians or civilian groups or organizations as may not
be required to conform with regulations promulgated by one or more execu-
tive departments of the Government of the United States. The flag of the
United States for the purpose of this chapter shall be defined according to
sections 1 and 2 of this title and Executive Order 10834 issued pursuant
thereto.
‘‘§ 6. Time and occasions for display
‘‘(a) It is the universal custom to display the flag only from sunrise to
sunset on buildings and on stationary flagstaffs in the open. However, when
285
a patriotic effect is desired, the flag may be displayed twenty-four hours a
day if properly illuminated during the hours of darkness.
‘‘(b) The flag should be hoisted briskly and lowered ceremoniously.
‘‘(c) The flag should not be displayed on days when the weather is inclem-
ent, except when an all weather flag is displayed.
‘‘(d) The flag should be displayed on all days, especially on New Year’s
Day, January 1; Inauguration Day, January 20; Lincoln’s Birthday, Feb-
ruary 12; Washington’s Birthday, third Monday in February; Easter Sun-
day (variable); Mother’s Day, second Sunday in May; Armed Forces Day,
third Saturday in May; Memorial Day (half-staff until noon), the last Mon-
day in May; Flag Day, June 14; Independence Day, July 4; Labor Day,
first Monday in September; Constitution Day, September 17; Columbus
Day, second Monday in October; Navy Day, October 27; Veterans Day, No-
vember 11; Thanksgiving Day, fourth Thursday in November; Christmas
Day, December 25; and such other days as may be proclaimed by the Presi-
dent of the United States; the birthdays of States (date of admission); and
on State holidays.
‘‘(e) The flag should be displayed daily on or near the main administra-
tion building of every public institution.
‘‘(f) The flag should be displayed in or near every polling place on election
days.
‘‘(g) The flag should be displayed during school days in or near every
schoolhouse.
‘‘§ 7. Position and manner of display
‘‘The flag, when carried in a procession with another flag or flags, should
be either on the marching right; that is, the flag’s own right, or, if there
is a line of other flags, in front of the center of that line.
‘‘(a) The flag should not be displayed on a float in a parade except from
a staff, or as provided in subsection (i) of this section.
‘‘(b) The flag should not be draped over the hood, top, sides, or back of
a vehicle or of a railroad train or a boat. When the flag is displayed on
a motorcar, the staff shall be fixed firmly to the chassis or clamped to the
right fender.
‘‘(c) No other flag or pennant should be placed above or, if on the same
level, to the right of the flag of the United States of America, except during
church services conducted by naval chaplains at sea, when the church pen-
nant may be flown above the flag during church services for the personnel
of the Navy. No person shall display the flag of the United Nations or any
other national or international flag equal, above, or in a position of superior
prominence or honor to, or in place of, the flag of the United States at any
place within the United States or any Territory or possession thereof: Pro-
286
vided, That nothing in this section shall make unlawful the continuance of
the practice heretofore followed of displaying the flag of the United Nations
in a position of superior prominence or honor, and other national flags in
positions of equal prominence or honor, with that of the flag of the United
States at the headquarters of the United Nations.
‘‘(d) The flag of the United States of America, when it is displayed with
another flag against a wall from crossed staffs, should be on the right, the
flag’s own right, and its staff should be in front of the staff of the other
flag.
‘‘(e) The flag of the United States of America should be at the center
and at the highest point of the group when a number of flags of States or
localities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from staffs.
‘‘(f) When flags of States, cities, or localities, or pennants of societies are
flown on the same halyard with the flag of the United States, the latter
should always be at the peak. When the flags are flown from adjacent
staffs, the flag of the United States should be hoisted first and lowered last.
No such flag or pennant may be placed above the flag of the United States
or to the United States flag’s right.
‘‘(g) When flags of two or more nations are displayed, they are to be
flown from separate staffs of the same height. The flags should be of ap-
proximately equal size. International usage forbids the display of the flag
of one nation above that of another nation in time of peace.
‘‘(h) When the flag of the United States is displayed from a staff project-
ing horizontally or at an angle from the window sill, balcony, or front of
a building, the union of the flag should be placed at the peak of the staff
unless the flag is at half staff. When the flag is suspended over a sidewalk
from a rope extending from a house to a pole at the edge of the sidewalk,
the flag should be hoisted out, union first, from the building.
‘‘(i) When displayed either horizontally or vertically against a wall, the
union should be uppermost and to the flag’s own right, that is, to the ob-
server’s left. When displayed in a window, the flag should be displayed in
the same way, with the union or blue field to the left of the observer in
the street.
‘‘(j) When the flag is displayed over the middle of the street, it should
be suspended vertically with the union to the north in an east and west
street or to the east in a north and south street.
‘‘(k) When used on a speaker’s platform, the flag, if displayed flat, should
be displayed above and behind the speaker. When displayed from a staff in
a church or public auditorium, the flag of the United States of America
should hold the position of superior prominence, in advance of the audience,
and in the position of honor at the clergyman’s or speaker’s right as he
287
faces the audience. Any other flag so displayed should be placed on the left
of the clergyman or speaker or to the right of the audience.
‘‘(l) The flag should form a distinctive feature of the ceremony of unveil-
ing a statue or monument, but it should never be used as the covering for
the statue or monument.
‘‘(m) The flag, when flown at half-staff, should be first hoisted to the
peak for an instant and then lowered to the half-staff position. The flag
should be again raised to the peak before it is lowered for the day. On Me-
morial Day the flag should be displayed at half-staff until noon only, then
raised to the top of the staff. By order of the President, the flag shall be
flown at half-staff upon the death of principal figures of the United States
Government and the Governor of a State, territory, or possession, as a mark
of respect to their memory. In the event of the death of other officials or
foreign dignitaries, the flag is to be displayed at half-staff according to
Presidential instructions or orders, or in accordance with recognized cus-
toms or practices not inconsistent with law. In the event of the death of
a present or former official of the government of any State, territory, or
possession of the United States, the Governor of that State, territory, or
possession may proclaim that the National flag shall be flown at half-staff.
The flag shall be flown at half-staff thirty days from the death of the Presi-
dent or a former President; ten days from the day of death of the Vice
President, the Chief Justice or a retired Chief Justice of the United States,
or the Speaker of the House of Representatives; from the day of death until
interment of an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, a Secretary of an
executive or military department, a former Vice President, or the Governor
of a State, territory, or possession; and on the day of death and the follow-
ing day for a Member of Congress. The flag shall be flown at halfstaff on
Peace Officers Memorial Day, unless that day is also Armed Forces Day.
As used in this subsection—
‘‘(1) the term ‘half-staff’ means the position of the flag when it is
one-half the distance between the top and bottom of the staff;
‘‘(2) the term ‘executive or military department’ means any agency
listed under sections 101 and 102 of title 5; and
‘‘(3) the term ‘Member of Congress’ means a Senator, a Representa-
tive, a Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico.
‘‘(n) When the flag is used to cover a casket, it should be so placed that
the union is at the head and over the left shoulder. The flag should not
be lowered into the grave or allowed to touch the ground.
‘‘(o) When the flag is suspended across a corridor or lobby in a building
with only one main entrance, it should be suspended vertically with the
union of the flag to the observer’s left upon entering. If the building has
288
more than one main entrance, the flag should be suspended vertically near
the center of the corridor or lobby with the union to the north, when en-
trances are to the east and west or to the east when entrances are to the
north and south. If there are entrances in more than two directions, the
union should be to the east.
‘‘§ 8. Respect for flag
‘‘No disrespect should be shown to the flag of the United States of Amer-
ica; the flag should not be dipped to any person or thing. Regimental colors,
State flags, and organization or institutional flags are to be dipped as a
mark of honor.
‘‘(a) The flag should never be displayed with the union down, except as
a signal of dire distress in instances of extreme danger to life or property.
‘‘(b) The flag should never touch anything beneath it, such as the ground,
the floor, water, or merchandise.
‘‘(c) The flag should never be carried flat or horizontally, but always aloft
and free.
‘‘(d) The flag should never be used as wearing apparel, bedding, or drap-
ery. It should never be festooned, drawn back, nor up, in folds, but always
allowed to fall free. Bunting of blue, white, and red, always arranged with
the blue above, the white in the middle, and the red below, should be used
for covering a speaker’s desk, draping the front of the platform, and for
decoration in general.
‘‘(e) The flag should never be fastened, displayed, used, or stored in such
a manner as to permit it to be easily torn, soiled, or damaged in any way.
‘‘(f) The flag should never be used as a covering for a ceiling.
‘‘(g) The flag should never have placed upon it, nor on any part of it,
nor attached to it any mark, insignia, letter, word, figure, design, picture,
or drawing of any nature.
‘‘(h) The flag should never be used as a receptacle for receiving, holding,
carrying, or delivering anything.
‘‘(i) The flag should never be used for advertising purposes in any man-
ner whatsoever. It should not be embroidered on such articles as cushions
or handkerchiefs and the like, printed or otherwise impressed on paper nap-
kins or boxes or anything that is designed for temporary use and discard.
Advertising signs should not be fastened to a staff or halyard from which
the flag is flown.
‘‘(j) No part of the flag should ever be used as a costume or athletic uni-
form. However, a flag patch may be affixed to the uniform of military per-
sonnel, firemen, policemen, and members of patriotic organizations. The flag
represents a living country and is itself considered a living thing. Therefore,
289
the lapel flag pin being a replica, should be worn on the left lapel near the
heart.
‘‘(k) The flag, when it is in such condition that it is no longer a fitting
emblem for display, should be destroyed in a dignified way, preferably by
burning.
‘‘§ 9. Conduct during hoisting, lowering or passing of flag
‘‘During the ceremony of hoisting or lowering the flag or when the flag
is passing in a parade or in review, all persons present except those in uni-
form should face the flag and stand at attention with the right hand over
the heart. Those present in uniform should render the military salute. When
not in uniform, men should remove their headdress with their right hand
and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart. Aliens should
stand at attention. The salute to the flag in a moving column should be
rendered at the moment the flag passes.
‘‘§ 10. Modification of rules and customs by President
‘‘Any rule or custom pertaining to the display of the flag of the United
States of America, set forth herein, may be altered, modified, or repealed,
or additional rules with respect thereto may be prescribed, by the Com-
mander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, whenever he
deems it to be appropriate or desirable; and any such alteration or addi-
tional rule shall be set forth in a proclamation.’’.
(b) The analysis of chapter 1 of title 4, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end the following new items:
‘‘4.
Pledge of allegiance to the flag; manner of delivery.
‘‘5.
Display and use of flag by civilians; codification of rules and customs; definition.
‘‘6.
Time and occasions for display.
‘‘7.
Position and manner of display.
‘‘8.
Respect for flag.
‘‘9.
Conduct during hoisting, lowering or passing of flag.
‘‘10.
Modification of rules and customs by President.’’.
SEC. 3. CONFORMING PROVISIONS.
Section 1332 of title 44, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘the
United Spanish War Veterans,’’.
SEC. 4. CONFORMING CROSS-REFERENCES.
(a) TITLE 10.—Title 10, United States Code, is amended as follows:
(1) In section 2249b, strike ‘‘the provisions of section 3 of the Joint
Resolution of June 22, 1942 (56 Stat. 378, chapter 435; 36 U.S.C.
175), and any modification of such provisions under section 8 of that
Joint Resolution (36 U.S.C. 178)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 7 of title
4 and any modification of section 7 under section 10 of title 4’’.
(2) Section 2543 is amended as follows:
(A) In subsection (e)(1), strike ‘‘subsection (b)(2) of the first
section of the Presidential Inaugural Ceremonies Act (36 U.S.C.
721)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 501 of title 36’’.
290
(B) In subsection (e)(2), strike ‘‘the proviso in section 9 of the
Presidential Inaugural Ceremonies Act (36 U.S.C. 729)’’ and sub-
stitute ‘‘section 507 of title 36’’.
(3) In section 9441(b), strike ‘‘section 2 of the Act of July 1, 1946
(36 U.S.C. 202)’’ and substitute ‘‘section 40302 of title 36’’.
(b) TITLE 18.—Section 2320(d) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended as follows:
(1) In clause (1)(B), strike ‘‘section 110 of the Olympic Charter
Act’’ and substitute ‘‘section 220706 of title 36’’.
(2) In clause (2), insert ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon.
(3) In clause (3), strike ‘‘; and’’ and substitute a period.
(4) Strike clause (4).
SEC. 5. LEGISLATIVE PURPOSE AND CONSTRUCTION.
(a) NO SUBSTANTIVE CHANGE.—Sections 1 and 2 of this Act restate,
without substantive change, laws enacted before January 16, 1997, that
were replaced by those sections. Those sections may not be construed as
making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after Janu-
ary 15, 1997, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the
extent of the inconsistency.
(b) REFERENCES.—A reference to a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of
this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is
deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.
(c) CONTINUING EFFECT.—An order, rule, or regulation in effect under
a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of this Act continues in effect under the
corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or su-
perseded.
(d) ACTIONS AND OFFENSES UNDER PRIOR LAW.—An action taken or
an offense committed under a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of this Act
is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provi-
sion enacted by this Act.
(e) INFERENCES.—An inference of a legislative construction is not to be
drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision
enacted by this Act or by reason of a caption or catch line of the provision.
(f) SEVERABILITY.—If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all
valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in ef-
fect. If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid in any of its applica-
tions, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable
from any of the invalid applications.
291
SEC. 6. REPEALS.
(a) INFERENCES OF REPEAL.—The repeal of a law by this Act may not
be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in
effect before its repeal.
(b) REPEALER SCHEDULE.—The laws specified in the following schedule
are repealed, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were
incurred, and proceedings that were begun before the date of enactment of
this Act:
Schedule of Laws Repealed
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
1863
Mar. 3
111 ............
...............................................................
806 ..............
251–253
1870
July 14
264 ............
...............................................................
277 ..............
252
1884
June 20
107 ............
...............................................................
50 ................
254
1889
Jan. 4
20 ..............
...............................................................
640 ..............
1896
Feb. 20
23 ..............
...............................................................
8 ..................
18–18c
1900
June 6
806 ............
...............................................................
662 ..............
4401–4408
1901
Mar. 3
860 ............
...............................................................
1438 ............
3501–3504
876 ............
...............................................................
1453 ............
5401, 5402
1904
Apr. 28
1790 ..........
...............................................................
542 ..............
3504
1905
Jan. 5
23 ..............
1–3, 4a–8 .............................................
599, 601 ......
1, 2, 3, 4a–6,
8, 9
1906
June 9
3065 ..........
...............................................................
227 ..............
20a–20g
June 30
3929 ..........
...............................................................
804 ..............
5301–5311
1910
June 23
372 ............
2 ...........................................................
604 ..............
1912
Dec. 10
1 ................
...............................................................
647 ..............
1913
Jan. 30
21 ..............
...............................................................
654 ..............
4901, 4901
note, 4902–
4910
1914
May 8
Pub. R. 25
...............................................................
771 ..............
141, 142
May 27
101 ............
...............................................................
383 ..............
254, 254 note
1915
Mar. 3
89 ..............
...............................................................
955 ..............
18a
1916
Apr. 17
77 ..............
...............................................................
51 ................
4201–4206
June 15
148 ............
...............................................................
227 ..............
21–29
1917
Feb. 27
137 ............
...............................................................
946 ..............
1919
Sept. 16
59 ..............
...............................................................
284 ..............
41–51
1920
May 29
214 ............
(1st complete par. on p. 659) ..............
659 ..............
May 31
216 ............
...............................................................
691 ..............
4701–4707
1921
Mar. 3
131 ............
...............................................................
1354 ............
293
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
Aug. 12
508 ............
1 (par. under heading ‘‘Memorial to
Personnel of American Expedition-
ary Forces’’).
594 ..............
491 note
1936
Mar. 19
156 ............
1 (1st, 3d, last provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’).
1169 ............
121a, 122,
135
May 28
471 ............
...............................................................
1390 ............
111–120
June 15
546 ............
...............................................................
1501 ............
139–139b
June 23
736 ............
...............................................................
1895 ............
147, 148
1937
June 14
336 ............
...............................................................
257 ..............
5305–5308
June 28
396 ............
1 (1st, 3d, last provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’).
331 ..............
121a, 122,
135
Aug. 4
564 ............
...............................................................
558 ..............
57–59
Aug. 16
666 ............
...............................................................
668 ..............
149
Aug. 25
762 ............
...............................................................
798 ..............
3201, 3201
note, 3202–
3209
1938
Mar. 28
56 ..............
...............................................................
148 ..............
150
May 23
259 ............
1 (1st, 3d, last provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’).
412 ..............
121a, 122,
135
June 29
796 ............
...............................................................
1226 ............
5401, 5402
1939
Mar. 16
11 ..............
1 (1st, 3d, last provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’).
525 ..............
121a, 122,
135
May 11
123 ............
...............................................................
739 ..............
151
1940
Apr. 18
107 ............
1 (1st, 3d, last provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’).
113 ..............
121a, 122,
135
June 6
239 ............
...............................................................
232 ..............
140, 140 note,
140a–140c
Sept. 24
730 ............
...............................................................
960 ..............
149 note
Oct. 10
840 ............
...............................................................
1093 ............
151a
1941
Apr. 5
40 ..............
1 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
95 ................
121a, 122,
135
1942
June 22
435 ............
...............................................................
377 ..............
171–178
June 27
450 ............
1 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
395 ..............
121a, 122,
135
July 15
505 ............
...............................................................
659 ..............
90a, 90c, 90e–
90j
July 30
537 ............
...............................................................
728 ..............
149 note
Sept. 26
563 ............
...............................................................
758 ..............
Oct. 17
615 ............
...............................................................
796 ..............
179–182
Oct. 29
633 ............
...............................................................
1012 ............
43, 45
Dec. 22
806 ............
...............................................................
1074 ............
171–178
1943
June 26
145 ............
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
171 ..............
121a, 122,
135
1944
June 27
286 ............
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
363 ..............
121a, 122,
135
1945
May 3
106 ............
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
107 ..............
121a, 122,
135
Aug. 11
363 ............
...............................................................
530 ..............
155
Dec. 28
607 ............
...............................................................
668 ..............
172
1946
Mar. 28
113 ............
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
62 ................
121a, 135
294
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
June 26
502 ............
(‘‘Secs. 1–4, 6, 7, 10–14’’) ..................
317, 318 ......
121, 123–125,
127, 128, 131,
132, 138–
138b
July 1
527 ............
...............................................................
346 ..............
201–208
July 9
546 ............
...............................................................
524 ..............
1947
May 8
50 ..............
...............................................................
80 ................
1 note, 1a, 2,
3, 4a, 5, 9
July 23
298 ............
...............................................................
403 ..............
67–67s
1948
Apr. 20
219 ............
101 (last proviso in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
179 ..............
122
June 30
755 ............
...............................................................
1150 ............
156
1949
July 11
302 ............
...............................................................
409 ..............
155a, 155b
Aug. 3
385 ............
...............................................................
492 ..............
157
Aug. 24
506 ............
101 (last proviso in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
633 ..............
122
1950
Mar. 16
62 ..............
...............................................................
22 ................
31–38a
May 11
182 ............
...............................................................
158 ..............
169g
June 30
431 ............
1–14, 16–19 .........................................
312, 315 ......
221–234,
236–239
Aug. 30
823 ............
1–13, 15–21 .........................................
563, 566 ......
271–283,
285–291
Sept. 6
896 ............
101 (last proviso in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
699 ..............
122
Sept. 20
956 ............
...............................................................
868 ..............
311–317
958 ............
1–8, 10–12 ...........................................
869, 872 ......
341–348,
350–352
Sept. 21
975 ............
...............................................................
899 ..............
371–382b,
391–396
Dec. 28
1177 ..........
...............................................................
1122 ............
1178 ..........
...............................................................
1122 ............
67e
1951
Apr. 16
29 ..............
...............................................................
31 ................
July 30
255 ............
...............................................................
130 ..............
18a
Aug. 17
328 ............
...............................................................
192 ..............
Aug. 31
376 ............
101 (provisos in 1st par. under head-
ing ‘‘American Battle Monuments
Commission’’).
269 ..............
122
Oct. 27
593 ............
...............................................................
659 ..............
158
1952
Feb. 29
49 ..............
1 ...........................................................
9 ...................
153
Apr. 3
131 ............
1–15, 17–21 .........................................
37, 41 ..........
401–415,
417–421
Apr. 17
216 ............
...............................................................
64 ................
169h
July 5
578 ............
101 (provisos in 1st par. under head-
ing ‘‘American Battle Monuments
Commission’’).
395 ..............
121b, 122
1953
May 21
63 ..............
1 ...........................................................
27 ................
4702
May 27
70 ..............
...............................................................
35 ................
179–182
May 29
85 ..............
...............................................................
40 ................
111, 115
June 26
152 ............
...............................................................
81 ................
97, 98
153 ............
...............................................................
82 ................
44, 48
July 9
183 ............
...............................................................
142 ..............
175
July 17
222 ............
4–6 .......................................................
179 ..............
3, 6, 7, 10, 11
July 31
302 ............
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
299 ..............
121b, 122
Aug. 5
326 ............
(1st, 2d pars., 3d par. (a)–(f), (h), (i),
4th, last pars.).
366 ..............
426
Aug. 13
427 ............
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
562, 565 ......
431–443,
445–447
429 ............
1–14, 16–19 .........................................
569, 573 ......
461–474,
476–479
Aug. 14
486 ............
...............................................................
582 ..............
34, 35, 37
1954
June 14
297 ............
...............................................................
249 ..............
172
June 24
359 ............
101 (provisos in pars. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
275 ..............
121b, 122,
122a, 125a
295
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
July 19
536 ............
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
489, 492 ......
501–513,
515–518
Aug. 3
655 ............
5 ...........................................................
665 ..............
155a
Aug. 20
774 ............
1–14, 16–20 .........................................
748, 752 ......
531–544,
546–550
Aug. 24
911 ............
1–13, 15–19 .........................................
795, 800 ......
571–583,
585–589
Aug. 28
1036 ..........
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
891, 895 ......
601–613,
615–617
1955
June 29
226 ............
(provisos 
in 
pars. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
194 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
July 26
383 ............
...............................................................
375 ..............
67e
386 ............
...............................................................
379 ..............
43, 45
Aug. 4
546 ............
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
486, 490 ......
631–643,
645–647
Aug. 9
658 ............
...............................................................
589 ..............
426
1956
Mar. 29
102 ............
...............................................................
60 ................
4707
June 13
385 ............
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
278 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
July 25
721 ............
...............................................................
640 ..............
121, 122b,
123–125, 131,
132, 138,
138a, 138b
July 30
795 ............
...............................................................
732 ..............
186
Aug. 1
824 ............
1–13, 15–20 .........................................
794, 797 ......
661–673,
675–680
Aug. 2
875 ............
...............................................................
932 ..............
159
Aug. 6
974 ............
1–5, 7–10 .............................................
1049, 1050 ..
721–725,
727–730
976 ............
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
1052, 1056 ..
691–703,
705–707
1957
May 16
85–32 ........
...............................................................
30 ................
160
June 5
85–48 ........
101 (provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
52 ................
121b, 122,
122a
July 3
85–83 ........
1 ...........................................................
276 ..............
Aug. 13
85–125 ......
...............................................................
344 ..............
123 note
Aug. 28
85–179 ......
...............................................................
457 ..............
426
Sept. 7
85–305 ......
1–7, 9 ...................................................
626, 628 ......
741–747, 749
1958
June 4
85–445 ......
...............................................................
179 ..............
161
June 25
85–468 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
223 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
July 18
85–529 ......
...............................................................
369 ..............
162
85–530 ......
1–14, 16–20 .........................................
370, 374 ......
761–774,
776–780
July 25
85–556 ......
...............................................................
416 ..............
426
Aug. 14
85–642 ......
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
597, 600 ......
791–803,
805–807
Aug. 26
85–761 ......
1–13, 15–17 .........................................
854, 859 ......
821–833,
835–837
Aug. 27
85–769 ......
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
922, 927 ......
851–863,
865–868
Sept. 2
85–870 ......
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
1691, 1694 ..
881–893,
895–898
85–903 ......
1–12, 14–16 .........................................
1738, 1741 ..
911–922,
924–926
85–918 ......
...............................................................
1769 ............
749
1959
June 17
86–47 ........
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
76, 79 ..........
78–78l, 78n–
78q
July 8
86–79 ........
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
164 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Sept. 22
86–352 ......
...............................................................
627 ..............
143, 143 note
1960
June 29
86–533 ......
(23) ......................................................
249 ..............
139b
July 12
86–642 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
475 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
July 14
86–653 ......
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
515, 518 ......
941–953,
955–958
296
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
Aug. 31
86–680 ......
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
572, 577 ......
971–983,
985–988
Sept. 13
86–753 ......
...............................................................
898 ..............
163
86–772 ......
...............................................................
913 ..............
155a
1961
Apr. 7
87–20 ........
...............................................................
43 ................
164
June 21
87–56 ........
...............................................................
95 ................
633, 636, 648
Aug. 3
87–125 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
279 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Sept. 8
87–214 ......
...............................................................
489 ..............
20c
Sept. 26
87–319 ......
...............................................................
681 ..............
165
1962
May 14
87–449 ......
...............................................................
69 ................
166
July 25
87–547 ......
6 ...........................................................
217 ..............
4703
Sept. 7
87–650 ......
1–14, 16–20 .........................................
502, 505 ......
1001–1014,
1016–1020
Sept. 10
87–655 ......
1–13, 15–19 .........................................
530, 533 ......
1041–1053,
1055–1059
Sept. 19
87–673 ......
...............................................................
557 ..............
4909
Oct. 1
87–726 ......
...............................................................
676 ..............
167
Oct. 9
87–780 ......
...............................................................
779 ..............
168
Oct. 15
87–817 ......
1–13, 15–18 .........................................
929, 933 ......
3401–3413,
3415–3418
Oct. 18
87–843 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1100 ............
121b, 122,
122a
1963
Aug. 27
88–105 ......
2 ...........................................................
130 ..............
776
Dec. 17
88–209 ......
...............................................................
402 ..............
169
Dec. 23
88–240 ......
...............................................................
477 ..............
426, 426 note
Dec. 30
88–242 ......
...............................................................
629 ..............
169a
88–245 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
796 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
88–254 ......
...............................................................
843 ..............
169b
1964
June 24
88–321 ......
...............................................................
221 ..............
155a
July 14
88–372 ......
...............................................................
314 ..............
4301–4318
88–376 ......
...............................................................
320 ..............
4501–4517
July 16
88–378 ......
...............................................................
325 ..............
1071–1088
Aug. 10
88–407 ......
...............................................................
383 ..............
383
Aug. 19
88–449 ......
...............................................................
496 ..............
4601–4617
Aug. 30
88–504 ......
1–4(15), (17)–(38) ...............................
635, 637 ......
28, 37, 49, 58,
65, 78m, 90i,
101, 118,
140c, 235,
284, 317, 349,
444, 475, 514,
545, 584, 614,
644, 674, 704,
775, 804, 834,
864, 894, 923,
954, 984,
1015, 1054,
1101–1103,
3208, 3308,
3414
Aug. 31
88–527 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
731 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Sept. 2
88–566 ......
...............................................................
849 ..............
169c
Oct. 6
88–628 ......
...............................................................
1003 ............
169d
1965
Sept. 2
89–164 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
639 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Oct. 1
89–231 ......
...............................................................
901 ..............
4902, 4909
Nov. 8
89–333 ......
14 .........................................................
1294 ............
155a
1966
June 9
89–443 ......
...............................................................
194 ..............
157a
Sept. 1
89–550 ......
...............................................................
371 ..............
43, 45
Sept. 14
89–576 ......
...............................................................
772 ..............
67e
Nov. 2
89–703 ......
...............................................................
1099 ............
169e
Nov. 8
89–797 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1501 ............
121b, 122,
122a
297
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
1967
Nov. 8
90–133 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
429 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Dec. 18
90–208 ......
...............................................................
655 ..............
90i, 91i note
1968
Jan. 30
90–251 ......
...............................................................
4 ..................
722, 723, 728,
730
July 5
90–382 ......
...............................................................
292 ..............
401, 418
July 7
90–391 ......
14 .........................................................
306 ..............
155a
Aug. 9
90–470 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
686 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Sept. 17
90–498 ......
...............................................................
848 ..............
169f
1969
June 30
91–37 ........
...............................................................
42 ................
5303, 5306,
5307, 5307
note
Dec. 24
91–153 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
421 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
1970
Oct. 8
91–442 ......
...............................................................
914 ..............
155
Oct. 21
91–472 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1058 ............
121b, 122,
122a
91–480 ......
...............................................................
1081 ............
121
1971
Aug. 10
92–77 ........
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
264 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Aug. 11
92–93 ........
...............................................................
317 ..............
1151–1167
1972
Apr. 24
92–278 ......
...............................................................
124 ..............
142a
Sept. 29
92–447 ......
...............................................................
746 ..............
4605
Oct. 25
92–544 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1128 ............
121b, 122,
122a
1973
Nov. 27
93–162 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
653 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
1974
Jan. 2
93–244 ......
...............................................................
1070 ............
125
Apr. 12
93–266 ......
...............................................................
85 ................
4904, 4906
93–267 ......
...............................................................
85 ................
Sept. 6
93–414 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1099 ............
121b, 122,
122a
Nov. 29
93–504 ......
...............................................................
1575 ............
1042
Dec. 26
93–551 ......
...............................................................
1744 ............
1073
Dec. 27
93–557 ......
...............................................................
1792 ............
1975
June 13
94–33 ........
...............................................................
211 ..............
157b
Oct. 17
94–116 ......
(provisos in 1st par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
587 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Dec. 15
94–151 ......
...............................................................
809 ..............
1101, 3502
1976
Apr. 1
94–256 ......
...............................................................
301 ..............
121
Apr. 21
94–273 ......
3(19) ....................................................
377 ..............
131
July 7
94–344 ......
...............................................................
810 ..............
171–178
Aug. 9
94–378 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1098 ............
121b, 122,
122a
Oct. 1
94–443 ......
...............................................................
1475 ............
18a, 18c
1977
Aug. 15
95–98 ........
...............................................................
830 ..............
67, 67 note,
67a, 67b, 67e,
67h, 67p–67r
Oct. 4
95–119 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1077 ............
121b, 122,
122a
298
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
Nov. 11
95–167 ......
...............................................................
1347 ............
881, 883, 885,
887, 895, 896,
1101
1978
Aug. 17
95–346 ......
...............................................................
485 ..............
Sept. 30
95–392 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
795 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Oct. 18
95–479 ......
306 .......................................................
1566 ............
121
95–482 ......
113 .......................................................
1605 ............
384
Oct. 20
95–493 ......
...............................................................
1643 ............
1201–1219
Nov. 8
95–606 ......
...............................................................
3045 ............
371, 371 note,
372–382b,
391–396
1979
Sept. 6
96–62 ........
...............................................................
410 ..............
142b
Nov. 5
96–103 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
775 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Dec. 21
96–155 ......
...............................................................
1165 ............
Dec. 29
96–165 ......
...............................................................
1267 ............
1101, 1301–
1309
1980
July 8
96–304 ......
(last sentence in par. under heading
‘‘Salaries and Expenses’’).
898 ..............
393 note
Oct. 3
96–376 ......
9 ...........................................................
1510 ............
161
Oct. 7
96–385 ......
506 .......................................................
1537 ............
121
96–388 ......
...............................................................
1547 ............
1401–1411
Dec. 2
96–489 ......
...............................................................
2553 ............
1101, 1501–
1514
Dec. 4
96–497 ......
...............................................................
2595 ............
1101, 1601–
1614
Dec. 15
96–526 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
3050 ............
121b, 122,
122a
1981
Nov. 20
97–82 ........
...............................................................
1091 ............
1101, 1701–
1715
97–83 ........
...............................................................
1094 ............
1101, 1801–
1815
97–84 ........
...............................................................
1097 ............
1402, 1405
Dec. 23
97–101 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1422 ............
121b, 122,
122a
1982
June 1
97–192 ......
...............................................................
109 ..............
1101, 1901–
1914
Aug. 9
97–231 ......
...............................................................
256 ..............
1101, 2001–
2015
Aug. 10
97–234 ......
...............................................................
261 ..............
1101, 2101–
2116
Sept. 30
97–272 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1165 ............
121b, 122,
122a
1983
Jan. 8
97–427 ......
...............................................................
2265 ............
1101, 2201–
2215
Jan. 12
97–447 ......
...............................................................
2364 ............
1219
July 12
98–45 ........
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
224 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
1984
Apr. 10
98–257 ......
...............................................................
127 ..............
1101, 2301–
2316
May 21
98–291 ......
...............................................................
203 ..............
90i
May 31
98–304 ......
...............................................................
220 ..............
67e
June 12
98–314 ......
...............................................................
237 ..............
1101, 2401–
2415
July 18
98–371 ......
(provisos 
in 
par. 
under 
heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
1221 ............
121b, 122,
122a
July 23
98–372 ......
...............................................................
1239 ............
1101, 2501–
2515
Aug. 7
98–375 ......
...............................................................
1257 ............
146 note
Aug. 17
98–382 ......
...............................................................
1343 ............
1101, 2601–
2615
Aug. 21
98–391 ......
...............................................................
1358 ............
1101, 2701–
2715
299
Schedule of Laws Repealed—Continued
Statutes at Large
Date
Chapter or
Public Law
Section
Statutes at Large
U.S. Code
Vol-
ume
Page
Title
Section
Aug. 27
98–399 ......
...............................................................
1473 ............
169j–169j–10
Oct. 19
98–520 ......
...............................................................
2428 ............
1101, 2801–
2815
Oct. 30
98–561 ......
...............................................................
2910 ............
1101, 2901–
2916
98–565 ......
...............................................................
2920 ............
1101, 3001–
3016
98–584 ......
...............................................................
3097 ............
1101, 3101–
3115
1985
Oct. 7
99–119 ......
...............................................................
498 ..............
1101, 3601–
3616
Nov. 25
99–160 ......
(1st–3d provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
914 ..............
121b, 122,
122a
Dec. 9
99–172 ......
...............................................................
1020 ............
1101, 3701–
3715
Dec. 19
99–190 ......
101(d) [provisos in par. under heading
‘‘United States Holocaust Memorial
Council’’), § 324].
1262, 1267 ..
1401, 1404
note, 1407,
1409, 1410
1986
May 1
99–284 ......
...............................................................
100
406 ..............
169j–2, 169j–
3, 169j–7,
169j–8
May 23
99–318 ......
...............................................................
100
474 ..............
1101, 3801–
3817
Aug. 7
99–376 ......
...............................................................
100
804 ..............
3501
Aug. 27
99–402 ......
...............................................................
100
910 ..............
169i, 169i
notes, 169i–1
Oct. 7
99–449 ......
...............................................................
100
1128 ............
187
Oct. 18
99–500 ......
101(g) [(1st–3d provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’ in title II of
H.R. 5313)], (h) [(1st, 2d, 4th, last
provisos in par. under heading
‘‘United States Holocaust Memorial
Council’’)].
100
1783–242,
1783–283.
121b, 122,
122a, 1404
note
Oct. 21
99–506 ......
902 .......................................................
100
1841 ............
155a
Oct. 30
99–591 ......
101(g) [(1st–3d provisos in par. under
heading ‘‘American Battle Monu-
ments Commission’’ in title II of
H.R. 5313)], (h) [(1st, 2d, 4th, last
provisos in par. under heading
‘‘United States Holocaust Memorial
Council’’)].
100
3341–242,
3341–283.
121b, 122,
122a, 1404
note
Nov. 6
99–604 ......
...............................................................
100
3446 ............
1101, 3901–
3915
1987
July 11
100–71 ......
(par. related to Holocaust Memorial
Council 
under 
heading 
‘‘United
States Holocaust Memorial Coun-
cil’’).
101
418 ..............
1405
Aug. 18
100–94 ......
...............................................................
101
700 ..............
146 note
Dec. 11
100–186 ....
...............................................................
101
1286 ............
188
Dec. 22
100–202 ....
101(f) [(1st–3d provisos in 1st par.
under heading ‘‘American Battle
Monuments 
Commission’’)], 
(g)
[(1st, 2d, 4th, 5th provisos in par.
under heading ‘‘United States Holo-
caust Memorial Council’’)].
101
1329–194,
1329–251.
121b, 122,
122a, 1404
note
1988
Apr. 6
100–281 ....
...............................................................
102
73 ................
1101, 4001–
4017
May 5
100–307 ....
...............................................................
102
456 ..............
169h
May 20
100–322 ....
345 .......................................................
102
540 ..............
138c, 138c
notes
Aug. 17
100–402 ....
...............................................................
102
1012 ............
169f, 169f
note
Aug. 19
100–404 ....
(1st–3d provisos in par. under heading
‘‘American Battle Monuments Com-
mission’’).
102
1021 ............
121b, 122,
122a
Oct. 28
100–539 ....
...............................................................
102
2718 ............
4601, 4601
note, 4607,
4616
Nov. 7
100–630 ....
301 .......................................................
102
3315 ............
155–155b
Nov. 9
100–642 ....
...............................................................
102
3337 ............
4404, 4404
note
Nov. 14
100–655 ....
...............................................................
102
3849 ............
1101, 4101–
4115
Nov. 18
100–687 ....
1602 .....................................................
102
4137 ............
125b