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tension and the continued slaughter of innocent civil-
ians more likely.
(4) The United States and the International
Community have an interest in ending the crisis in
Burundi before it reaches the level of violence that oc-
curred in Rwanda in 1994 when over 800,000 people
died in the war between the Hutu and the Tutsi
tribes.
(b) Now, therefore it is the sense of the Senate that:
(1) The United States Senate condemns any vio-
lent action intended to overthrow the Government of
Burundi.
(2) Calls on all parties to the conflict in Bu-
rundi to exercise restraint in an effort to restore
peace.
(3) Urges the Administration to continue diplo-
matic efforts at the highest level to find a peaceful res-
olution to the crisis in Burundi.
SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENTS
SEC. 599A. (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) Environmental Impact Assessments as a na-
tional instrument are undertaken for proposed activi-
ties that are likely to have a significant adverse im-
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pact on the environment and are subject to a decision
of a competent national authority;
(2) in 1978 the Senate adopted Senate Resolu-
tion 49, calling on the United States Government to
seek the agreement of other governments to a proposed
global treaty requiring the preparation of Environ-
mental Impact Assessments for any major project, ac-
tion, or continuing activity that may be reasonably
expected to have a significant adverse effect on the
physical environment or environmental interests of
another nation or a global commons area;
(3) subsequent to the adoption of Senate Resolu-
tion 49 in 1978, the United Nations Environment
Programme Governing Council adopted Goals and
Principles on Environmental Impact Assessment call-
ing on governments to undertake comprehensive Envi-
ronmental Impact Assessments in cases in which the
extent, nature, or location of a proposed activity is
such that the activity is likely to significantly affect
the environment; and
(4) on October 7, 1992, the Senate gave its ad-
vice and consent to the Protocol on Environmental
Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, which obligates
parties to the Antarctic Treaty to require Environ-
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mental Impact Assessment procedures for proposed
activities in Antarctica.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that—
(1) the United States Government should encour-
age the governments of other nations to engage in ad-
ditional 
regional 
treaties 
regarding 
specific
transboundary activities that have adverse impacts on
the environment of other nations or a global commons
area; and
(2) such additional regional treaties should en-
sure that specific transboundary activities are under-
taken in environmentally sound ways and under
careful controls designed to avoid or minimize any
adverse environmental effects, through requirements
for Environmental Impact Assessments where appro-
priate.
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL
SEC. 599B. FINDINGS.—
(1) The United Nations, recognizing the need for
justice in the former Yugoslavia, established the Inter-
national Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
(hereafter in this resolution referred to as the ‘‘Inter-
national Criminal Tribunal’’);
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(2) United Nations Security Council Resolution
827 of May 25, 1993, requires states to cooperate fully
with the International Criminal Tribunal;
(3) The parties to the General Framework Agree-
ment for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and asso-
ciated Annexes (in this resolution referred to as the
‘‘Peace Agreement’’) negotiated in Dayton, Ohio and
signed in Paris, France, on December 14, 1995, ac-
cepted, in Article IX, the obligation ‘‘to cooperate in
the investigation and prosecution of war crimes and
other violations of international humanitarian law’’;
(4) The Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
agreed to as Annex 4 of the Peace Agreement, pro-
vides, in Article IX, that ‘‘No person who is serving
a sentence imposed by the International Tribunal for
the former Yugoslavia, and no person who is under
indictment by the Tribunal and who has failed to
comply with an order to appear before the Tribunal,
may stand as a candidate or hold any appointive,
elective, or other public office in Bosnia and
Herzegovina’’;
(5) The International Criminal Tribunal has is-
sued 57 indictments against individuals from all par-
ties to the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia;
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(6) The International Criminal Tribunal contin-
ues to investigate gross violations of international law
in the former Yugoslavia with a view to further in-
dictments against the perpetrators;
(7) On July 25, 1995, the International Crimi-
nal Tribunal issued an indictment for Radovan
Karadzic, president of the Bosnian Serb administra-
tion of Pale, and Ratko Mladic, commander of the
Bosnian Serb administration and charged them with
genocide and crimes against humanity, violations of
the law or customs of war, and grave breaches of the
Geneva Conventions of 1949, arising from atrocities
perpetrated against the civilian population through-
out Bosnia-Herzegovina, for the sniping campaign
against civilians in Sarajevo, and for the taking of
United Nations peacekeepers as hostages and for their
use as human shields;
(8) On November 16, 1995, Karadzic and Mladic
were indicted a second time by the International
Criminal Tribunal, charged with genocide for the kill-
ing of up to 6,000 Muslims in Srebrenica, Bosnia, in
July 1995;
(9) The United Nations Security Council, in
adopting Resolution 1022 on November 22, 1995, de-
cided that economic sanctions on the Federal Republic
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of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and the so-
called Republika Srpska would be reimposed if, at
any time, the High Representative or the IFOR com-
mander informs the Security Council that the Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia or the Bosnian Serb authori-
ties are failing significantly to meet their obligations
under the Peace Agreement;
(10) The so-called Republika Srpska and the
Federal 
Republic 
of 
Yugoslavia 
(Serbia 
and
Montenegro) have failed to arrest and turn over for
prosecution 
indicted 
war 
criminals, 
including
Karadzic and Mladic;
(11) Efforts to politically isolate Karadzic and
Mladic have failed thus far and would in any case be
insufficient to comply with the Peace Agreement and
bring peace with justice to Bosnia and Herzegovina;
(12) The International Criminal Tribunal issued
international warrants for the arrest of Karadzic and
Mladic on July 11, 1996.
(13) In the so-called Republika Srpska freedom
of the press and freedom of assembly are severely lim-
ited and violence against ethnic and religious minori-
ties and opposition figures is on the rise;
(14) It will be difficult for national elections in
Bosnia and Herzegovina to take place meaningfully
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so long as key war criminals, including Karadzic and
Mladic, remain at large and able to influence politi-
cal and military developments;
(15) On June 6, 1996, the President of the Inter-
national Criminal Tribunal, declaring that the Fed-
eral Republic of Yugoslavia’s failure to extradite in-
dicted war criminals is a blatant violation of the
Peace Agreement and of United Nations Security
Council Resolutions, called on the High Representa-
tive to reimpose economic sanctions on the so-called
Republika Srpska and on the Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro); and
(16) The apprehension and prosecution of in-
dicted war criminals is essential for peace and rec-
onciliation to be achieved and democracy to be estab-
lished throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina.
(b) SENSE OF THE SENATE.—It is the sense of the Sen-
ate that—
(1) the Senate finds that the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia merits
continued and increased United States support for its
efforts to investigate and bring to justice the perpetra-
tors of gross violations of international law in the
former Yugoslavia;
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(2) the President of the United States should
support the request of the President of the Inter-
national Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
for the High Representative to reimpose full economic
sanctions on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Ser-
bia and Montenegro) and the so-called Republika
Srpska, in accordance with United Nations Security
Council Resolution 1022 (1995), until the Federal Re-
public of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and
Bosnian Serb authorities have complied with their ob-
ligations under the Peace Agreement and United Na-
tions Security Council Resolutions to cooperate fully
with the International Criminal Tribunal;
(3) the NATO-led Implementation Force (IFOR),
in carrying out its mandate, should make it an ur-
gent priority to detain and bring to justice persons
indicted by the International Criminal Tribunal; and
(4) states in the former Yugoslavia should not be
admitted to international organizations and fora
until and unless they have complied with their obliga-
tions under the Peace Agreement and United Nations
Security Council Resolutions to cooperate fully with
the International Criminal Tribunal.
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TITLE VI—NATO ENLARGEMENT FACILITATION
ACT OF 1996
SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE.
This title may be cited as the ‘‘NATO Enlargement
Facilitation Act of 1996’’.
SEC. 602. FINDINGS.
The Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Since 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Orga-
nization (NATO) has played an essential role in
guaranteeing the security, freedom, and prosperity of
the United States and its partners in the Alliance.
(2) The NATO Alliance is, and has been since its
inception, purely defensive in character, and it poses
no threat to any nation. The enlargement of the
NATO Alliance to include as full and equal members
emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe
will serve to reinforce stability and security in Eu-
rope by fostering their integration into the structures
which have created and sustained peace in Europe
since 1945. Their admission into NATO will not
threaten any nation. America’s security, freedom, and
prosperity remain linked to the security of the coun-
tries of Europe.
(3) The sustained commitment of the member
countries of NATO to a mutual defense has made pos-
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sible the democratic transformation of Central and
Eastern Europe. Members of the Alliance can and
should play a critical role in addressing the security
challenges of the post-Cold War era and in creating
the stable environment needed for those emerging de-
mocracies in Central and Eastern Europe to success-
fully complete political and economic transformation.
(4) The United States continues to regard the
political independence and territorial integrity of all
emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe
as vital to European peace and security.
(5) The active involvement by the countries of
Central and Eastern Europe has made the Partner-
ship for Peace program an important forum to foster
cooperation between NATO and those countries seek-
ing NATO membership.
(6) NATO has enlarged its membership on 3 dif-
ferent occasions since 1949.
(7) Congress supports the admission of qualified
new members to NATO and the European Union at
an early date and has sought to facilitate the admis-
sion of qualified new members into NATO.
(8) As new members of NATO assume the re-
sponsibilities of Alliance membership, the costs of
maintaining stability in Europe should be shared
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more widely. Facilitation of the enlargement process
will require current members of NATO, and the Unit-
ed States in particular, to demonstrate the political
will needed to build on successful ongoing programs
such as the Warsaw Initiative and the Partnership
for Peace by making available the resources necessary
to supplement efforts prospective new members are
themselves undertaking.
(9) New members will be full members of the Al-
liance, enjoying all rights and assuming all the obli-
gations under the Washington Treaty.
(10) Cooperative regional peacekeeping initia-
tives involving emerging democracies in Central and
Eastern Europe that have expressed interest in join-
ing NATO, such as the Baltic Peacekeeping Battalion,
the Polish-Lithuanian Joint Peacekeeping Force, and
the Polish-Ukrainian Peacekeeping Force, can make
an important contribution to European peace and se-
curity and international peacekeeping efforts, can as-
sist those countries preparing to assume the respon-
sibilities of possible NATO membership, and accord-
ingly should receive appropriate support from the
United States.
(11) NATO remains the only multilateral secu-
rity organization capable of conducting effective mili-
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tary operations and preserving security and stability
of the Euro-Atlantic region.
(12) NATO is an important diplomatic forum
and has played a positive role in defusing tensions
between members of the Alliance and, as a result, no
military action has occurred between two Alliance
member states since the inception of NATO in 1949.
(13) The admission to NATO of emerging democ-
racies in Central and Eastern Europe which are
found to be in a position to further the principles of
the North Atlantic Treaty would contribute to inter-
national peace and enhance the security of the region.
Countries which have become democracies and estab-
lished market economies, which practice good neigh-
borly relations, and which have established effective
democratic civilian control over their defense estab-
lishments and attained a degree of interoperability
with NATO, should be evaluated for their potential to
further the principles of the North Atlantic Treaty.
(14) A number of Central and Eastern European
countries have expressed interest in NATO member-
ship, and have taken concrete steps to demonstrate
this commitment, including their participation in
Partnership for Peace activities.