IV 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 100 
Expressing support for the Iranian people’s desire for a democratic, secular, 
and nonnuclear Republic of Iran, and condemning violations of human 
rights and state-sponsored terrorism by the Iranian Government. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 7, 2023 
Mr. MCCLINTOCK (for himself, Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr. FEENSTRA, Mr. BISHOP 
of Georgia, Mr. CLINE, Mr. WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. OWENS, Mr. 
VEASEY, Mr. RUTHERFORD, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. LOUDERMILK, Mr. 
KILMER, Ms. CLARKE of New York, Mr. JOHNSON of Louisiana, Mr. 
PAPPAS, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr. AMODEI, Mr. DAVID SCOTT of Georgia, 
Mr. CALVERT, Mr. FINSTAD, Ms. SHERRILL, Mr. EVANS, Mr. ALLEN, 
Mrs. GONZA´LEZ-COLO´N, Mr. RUIZ, Mr. MIKE GARCIA of California, Mr. 
VALADAO, Mr. GARBARINO, Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky, Mr. VARGAS, Mr. 
LAWLER, Mrs. CHERFILUS-MCCORMICK, Mr. CA´RDENAS, Mr. FLOOD, 
Mr. ALLRED, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, Ms. WEXTON, Mr. RUPPERSBERGER, 
Ms. TENNEY, Mr. GROTHMAN, Mr. PASCRELL, Mr. MORAN, Mr. LATTA, 
Mr. BOST, Ms. ESCOBAR, Mr. NEHLS, Mr. WILLIAMS of Texas, Mr. 
WENSTRUP, Mr. PHILLIPS, Mrs. STEEL, Mr. FALLON, Mr. ELLZEY, Ms. 
MCCOLLUM, Mr. BALDERSON, Mr. LIEU, Mr. VICENTE GONZALEZ of 
Texas, Mr. SMUCKER, Mr. TURNER, Ms. LOFGREN, Ms. SALAZAR, Mrs. 
MILLER-MEEKS, Mr. HERN, Mr. LARSON of Connecticut, Mr. BERGMAN, 
Mr. TONY GONZALES of Texas, Mr. MOONEY, Mr. ARMSTRONG, Mr. 
GARAMENDI, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. MAST, Mr. 
LUETKEMEYER, Mr. STAUBER, Mr. BERA, Mr. WILLIAMS of New York, 
Mr. HILL, Mrs. FLETCHER, Mr. ADERHOLT, Mr. WEBER of Texas, Mr. 
EZELL, Mr. PENCE, Mr. ARRINGTON, Mr. SELF, Mr. MOSKOWITZ, Mr. 
GOTTHEIMER, Mr. NUNN of Iowa, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. WEBSTER of Flor-
ida, Mr. DUNN of Florida, Mr. FITZPATRICK, Mr. HUDSON, Mr. GOODEN 
of Texas, Mr. COHEN, Mr. MOORE of Utah, Mr. BACON, Ms. JACKSON 
LEE, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mr. WOMACK, Mr. CARTER of Georgia, Mr. BABIN, 
Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. WITTMAN, Mr. BURCHETT, Mr. DUNCAN, Ms. MACE, 
Mr. SIMPSON, Mr. MOOLENAAR, Mr. JACKSON of Texas, Mr. CLYDE, Ms. 
CRAIG, Ms. WILSON
of Florida, Mr. GUEST, Mr. GUTHRIE, Mr. 
LAMALFA, Ms. GRANGER, Ms. SA´NCHEZ, Mr. NORMAN, Mr. TRONE, Mr. 
TORRES of New York, Ms. ROSS, Mr. GREEN of Texas, Ms. KAMLAGER- 
DOVE, Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI, Mr. BIGGS, Mr. GIMENEZ, Mr. COURT-
NEY, Mr. HIGGINS of New York, Mr. LAMBORN, Mr. CRAWFORD, Mr. 
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MCCORMICK, Mr. AUSTIN SCOTT of Georgia, Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN, 
Mrs. MCBATH, Mr. PERRY, Mr. FULCHER, Mr. OBERNOLTE, Mr. COSTA, 
Mr. PETERS, Ms. CHU, Ms. GARCIA of Texas, Mr. STANTON, Ms. NOR-
TON, Mr. DESJARLAIS, Mr. ISSA, Mrs. LESKO, Ms. SPANBERGER, Mr. 
STEWART, Mr. HUNT, Mr. BARR, Mr. WESTERMAN, Ms. MALLIOTAKIS, 
Mr. BOYLE of Pennsylvania, Mrs. MCCLAIN, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. 
RESCHENTHALER, Mr. JOHNSON of Ohio, Mr. CRENSHAW, Mr. PAYNE, 
Mr. FERGUSON, Ms. BARRAGA´N, Mr. KILEY, Mr. KELLY of Mississippi, 
Mr. TIMMONS, Mr. ROUZER, Mr. TIFFANY, and Mr. C. SCOTT FRANKLIN 
of Florida) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing support for the Iranian people’s desire for a 
democratic, secular, and nonnuclear Republic of Iran, 
and condemning violations of human rights and state- 
sponsored terrorism by the Iranian Government. 
Whereas, beginning in 2017, and continuing for several 
months after protests erupted in more than 100 cities, 
the Iranian regime suppressed such protests with repres-
sive forces that resulted in at least 25 deaths and 4,000 
arrests, including decorated wrestling champion Navid 
Afkari, who was later executed in September 2020 
amidst international outrage; 
Whereas, on November 15, 2019, popular protests against 
the Iranian regime began and rapidly spread to at least 
100 cities throughout the country, and reports indicate 
that Iranian security forces used lethal force and about 
1,500 people were killed during less than 2 weeks of un-
rest, and thousands more were detained during these pro-
tests; 
Whereas, beginning in September 2022, antigovernment pro-
tests ignited in response to the death of Mahsa Amini, 
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a 22-year-old Kurdish Iranian woman who was arrested 
by the morality police that enforce Iran’s mandatory 
dress code laws; 
Whereas women and youth have led the 2022 protests in 
Iran, demanding social freedom and political change; 
Whereas these protests are rooted in the more than four dec-
ades of organized resistance against the Iranian dictator-
ship, which have been most recently led by women who 
have endured torture, sexual and gender-based violence, 
and death; 
Whereas in several months of continuing protests in hundreds 
of cities throughout Iran, the regime’s security forces 
have killed hundreds and arrested tens of thousands of 
protesters, two of whom, Mohsen Shekari and Majidreza 
Rahnavard (both 23 years old), were hung on December 
8 and 12, 2022, in Tehran and Mashhad; meanwhile, 
dozens more have been convicted of ‘‘Moharebeh’’ (wag-
ing war on God), and are at risk of execution; 
Whereas, according to a December 9, 2022, Amnesty Inter-
national report, ‘‘Iran’s security forces have killed with 
absolute impunity more than 40 children and injured 
many more in a bid to crush the spirit of resistance 
among the country’s youth and retain their iron grip on 
power at any cost’’; 
Whereas the similarity in slogans and tactics used by protests 
nationwide reflect the overarching demands of the Ira-
nian people and point to the organized nature of the pro-
tests; 
Whereas, in the 116th Congress, the House of Representa-
tives passed House Resolution 752, ‘‘Supporting the 
rights of the people of Iran to free expression, con-
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demning the Iranian regime for its crackdown on legiti-
mate protests, and for other purposes.’’; 
Whereas House Resolution 752 urges the Administration to 
work to convene emergency sessions of the United Na-
tions Security Council and to work with United States 
partners and allies to condemn the ongoing human rights 
violations perpetrated by the Iranian regime and estab-
lish a mechanism by which the United Nations Security 
Council can monitor such violations; 
Whereas, on November 24, 2022, the United Nations Human 
Rights Council established a fact-finding mission to con-
duct an independent investigation into the ongoing deadly 
violence related to the protests in Iran that began on 
September 16, 2022; 
Whereas, on December 14, 2022, the United Nations Eco-
nomic and Social Council (ECOSOC) adopted a resolu-
tion to expel Iran from the Commission on the Status of 
Women (CSW) for the remainder of its 4-year term end-
ing in 2026; 
Whereas the Department of State’s 2021 Country Reports on 
Human Rights Practices, released on April 13, 2022, 
cites that Iran’s ‘‘government and its agents reportedly 
committed arbitrary or unlawful killings, most commonly 
executions for crimes not meeting the international legal 
standard of ‘most serious crimes’ or for crimes committed 
by juvenile offenders, as well as executions after trials 
without due process.’’; 
Whereas, on October 25, 2021, the United Nations Special 
Rapporteur (UNSR) on the situation of human rights in 
the Islamic Republic of Iran, Javaid Rehman, told the 
United Nations General Assembly that almost all execu-
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tions in the country constituted an arbitrary deprivation 
of life, noting the ‘‘extensive, vague and arbitrary 
grounds in Iran for imposing the death sentence, which 
quickly can turn this punishment into a political tool.’’; 
Whereas the Iranian regime has arbitrarily and brutally sup-
pressed ethnic and religious minorities, including Iranian 
Kurds, Baluchis, Arabs, Christians, Jews, Baha’is, 
Zoroastrians, and even Sunni Muslims, and deprived 
them of their basic human rights, and has in many cases 
executed them; 
Whereas the Iranian people have been deprived of their fun-
damental freedoms for which reason they are rejecting 
monarchic dictatorship and religious tyranny, as evident 
in their protest slogans; 
Whereas, in the 115th Congress, the House of Representa-
tives passed H.R. 4744 calling on the United States to 
‘‘condemn Iranian human rights abuses against dis-
sidents, including the massacre in 1988 and the suppres-
sion of political demonstrations in 1999, 2009, and 2017, 
and pressure the Government of Iran to provide family 
members detailed information that they were denied 
about the final resting places of any missing victims of 
such abuses’’; 
Whereas, on January 13, 2022, a United Nations report has 
urged ‘‘the international community to call for account-
ability with respect to long-standing emblematic events 
that have been met with persistent impunity, including 
the enforced disappearances and summary and arbitrary 
executions of 1988 and the November 2019 protests.’’; 
Whereas the killings of thousands of political prisoners in 
1988 were carried out based on a fatwa to execute all po-
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litical prisoners who remained loyal to the Iranian Resist-
ance, and subsequent death commissions were formed on 
July 19, 1988, whose members included the current Ira-
nian regime’s President, Ebrahim Raisi, an official from 
the Ministry of Intelligence, and a state prosecutor, to 
implement the fatwa; 
Whereas the United States should be involved in any estab-
lishment of an international investigation into the 1988 
extrajudicial killings of Iranian dissidents; 
Whereas senior Iranian Government, military, judicial, and 
security officials have for decades ordered or committed 
egregious human rights violations and acts of terror; 
Whereas, on June 30, 2018, tens of thousands of people 
gathered in Paris at the Free Iran gathering where they 
supported advocates for a democratic, secular, and non-
nuclear Republic of Iran, and showed support for the op-
position leader Mrs. Maryam Rajavi’s 10-point plan for 
the future of Iran, which calls for the universal right to 
vote, free elections, and a market economy, and advocates 
gender, religious, and ethnic equality, a foreign policy 
based on peaceful coexistence, and a nonnuclear Iran; 
Whereas, on July 2, 2018, the Belgian Federal Prosecutor’s 
Office announced it had foiled a terrorist plot against the 
‘‘Free Iran 2018–the Alternative’’ gathering held on 
June 30, 2018, in support of the Iranian people’s strug-
gle for freedom; 
Whereas Assadollah Assadi, a senior Iranian diplomat based 
in the Iranian embassy in Vienna, Austria, was arrested 
in Germany and on February 2021 convicted in Belgium 
and sentenced to 20 years of imprisonment in connection 
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with the planned terror plot in Paris at the Free Iran 
gathering; 
Whereas Assadollah Assadi served as the third secretary of 
the Iranian embassy in Austria; 
Whereas instead of representing the interests of the Iranian 
people, the Iranian regime has long used its Foreign Min-
istry and diplomatic representations abroad to orches-
trate terror plots and whitewash gross human rights vio-
lations in Iran; 
Whereas, on December 15, 2022, the Special Court for Com-
batting Corruption and Organized Crime (SPAK) in Al-
bania sentenced an Iranian national to 10 years in prison 
on terrorism-related charges, including attempts to en-
gage in espionage against, and the assassination of Ira-
nian dissidents in Albania; 
Whereas Iran’s malign activities in the Balkans pose a seri-
ous threat to United States national security interests; 
Whereas, on November 23, 2022, the Department of the 
Treasury announced additional action on Iranian security 
forces, including Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 
(IRGC) 
forces, 
for 
their 
violent 
crackdown 
on 
antigovernment protests in Iran’s Kurdistan Province 
and surrounding areas; and 
Whereas, according to the statement issued by the Depart-
ment of State, on November 23, 2022, ‘‘The United 
States continues to support the Iranian people as they 
protest nationwide’’: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) condemns past and present Iranian state- 
sponsored terrorist attacks against United States 
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citizens and officials, as well as Iranian dissidents, 
including the Iranian regime’s terror plot against 
the ‘‘Free Iran 2018–the Alternative’’ gathering in 
Paris; 
(2) calls on relevant United States Government 
agencies to work with European allies, including 
those in the Balkans where Iran has expanded its 
presence, to hold Iran accountable for breaching dip-
lomatic privileges, and to call on nations to prevent 
the malign activities of the Iranian regime’s diplo-
matic missions, with the goal of closing them down 
and expelling its agents; 
(3) stands with the people of Iran who are le-
gitimately defending their rights for freedom against 
repression, and condemns the brutal killing of Ira-
nian protesters by the Iranian regime; and 
(4) recognizes the rights of the Iranian people 
and their struggle to establish a democratic, secular, 
and nonnuclear Republic of Iran. 
Æ 
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