out the purposes of this section. Amounts appropriated 
pursuant to this subsection shall remain available until ex-
pended. 
SEC. 8. FIRE AND LIFE-SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS. 
(a) LIFE-SAFETY NEEDS.—The Secretary of Trans-
portation is authorized to make grants to Amtrak for the 
purpose of making fire and life-safety improvements to 
tunnels on the Northeast Corridor in New York, New 
York, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, District of 
Columbia. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
Transportation for the purposes of carrying out subsection 
(a) the following amounts: 
(1) For the 6 New York tunnels to provide ven-
tilation, electrical, and fire safety technology up-
grades, emergency communication and lighting sys-
tems, and emergency access and egress for pas-
sengers—
(A) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 
(D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 
and 
(E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.
(2) For the Baltimore & Potomac Tunnel and 
the Union tunnel, together, to provide adequate 
drainage, ventilation, communication, lighting, and 
passenger egress upgrades—
(A) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(B) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(C) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 
(D) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and 
(E) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2009. 
(3) For the Washington, District of Columbia, 
Union Station tunnels to improve ventilation, com-
munication, lighting, and passenger egress up-
grades—
(A) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(B) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(C) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 
(D) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and 
(E) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009. 
(c) AVAILABILITY
OF
APPROPRIATED
FUNDS.—
Amounts appropriated pursuant to this section shall re-
main available until expended. 
SEC. 9. RAIL SECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Transportation, in 
consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security,
shall carry out a research and development program for 
the purpose of improving railroad security that may in-
clude research and development projects to—
(1) reduce the vulnerability of passenger trains, 
stations, and equipment to explosives and hazardous 
chemical, biological, and radioactive substances; 
(2) test new emergency response techniques and 
technologies; 
(3) develop improved freight technologies, in-
cluding—
(A) technologies for sealing rail cars; 
(B) automatic inspection of rail cars; 
(C) communication-based train controls; 
and 
(D) emergency response training; 
(4) test wayside detectors that can detect tam-
pering with railroad equipment; 
(5) support enhanced security for the transpor-
tation of hazardous materials by rail, including—
(A) technologies to detect a breach in a 
tank car and transmit information about the in-
tegrity of tank cars to the train crew; 
(B) research to improve tank car integrity, 
with a focus on tank cars that carry high haz-
ard materials; and
(C) techniques to transfer hazardous mate-
rials from rail cars that are damaged or other-
wise represent an unreasonable risk to human 
life or public safety; and 
(6) other projects recommended in the report 
required by section 2. 
(b) COORDINATION WITH OTHER RESEARCH INITIA-
TIVES.—The Secretary of Transportation shall ensure 
that the research and development program authorized by 
this section is coordinated with other research and devel-
opment initiatives at the Department of Transportation 
and other Federal agencies. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
Transportation $50,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2005 
and 2006 to carry out the purposes of this section. 
Amounts appropriated pursuant to this subsection shall 
remain available until expended. 
SEC. 10. RAIL WORKER SECURITY TRAINING PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transpor-
tation, in consultation with appropriate law enforcement, 
security, and terrorism experts, representatives of railroad 
carriers, and nonprofit employee organizations that rep-
resent rail workers, shall develop and issue detailed guid-