235A, as inserted by section 1(b) of this title, is
amended to read as follows:
‘‘Sec. 235A. Preinspection at foreign airports; expedited process for the inspec-
tion of citizens.’’.
TITLE IV—INTERNATIONAL
TERRORISM
SEC. 401. PROTECTION OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE REWARDS
PROGRAM.
Subsection 36(e) of the State Department Basic Au-
thorities Act (22 U.S.C. 2708) is amended by inserting
‘‘(1)’’ immediately following ‘‘(e)’’ and by adding the
following new paragraph:
‘‘(2)(A) Whenever the information which would jus-
tify a reward under subsection (a) is furnished by an alien
and the Secretary of State and the Attorney General joint-
ly determine that the protection of such alien or the alien’s
immediate family requires the admission of such alien or
aliens to the United States, then such alien, and the
alien’s immediate relatives, if necessary, may be issued
visas and admitted to the United States for permanent
residence, without regard to the requirements of the Immi-
gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
‘‘(B) The total number of aliens admitted to the
United States under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed
25 in any one fiscal year.
‘‘(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘imme-
diate relative’ has the same meaning given to such term
in section 201(b)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality
Act (8 U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)).’’.
SEC. 402. PENALTIES FOR INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST
ACTS.
Section 2331 of title 18, United States Code, as
amended by subtitle A of this title, is further amended—
(1) in subsection (a)—
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘ten’’ and
inserting ‘‘twenty’’; and
(B) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘three’’
and inserting ‘‘ten’’; and
(2) in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘five’’ and in-
serting ‘‘ten’’.
SEC. 403. OFFENSES OF VIOLENCE AGAINST MARITIME
NAVIGATION OR FIXED PLATFORMS.
Chapter 111 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘§ 2280. Violence against maritime navigation
‘‘(a) Whoever unlawfully and intentionally—
‘‘(1) seizes or exercises control over a ship by
force or threat thereof or any other form of intimi-
dation;
‘‘(2) performs an act of violence against a per-
son on board a ship if that act is likely to endanger
the safe navigation of that ship;
‘‘(3) destroys a ship or causes damage to a ship
or to its cargo which is likely to endanger the safe
navigation of that ship;
‘‘(4) places or causes to be placed on a ship, by
any means whatsoever, a device or substance which
is likely to destroy that ship, or cause damage to
that ship or its cargo which endangers or is likely
to endanger the safe navigation of that ship;
‘‘(5) destroys or seriously damages maritime
navigational facilities or seriously interferes with
their operation, if such act is likely to endanger the
safe navigation of a ship;
‘‘(6) communicates information, knowing the
information to be false and under circumstances in
which such information may reasonably be believed,
thereby endangering the safe navigation of a ship;
‘‘(7) injures or kills any person in connection
with the commission or the attempted commission of
any of the offenses set forth in paragraphs (1)
through (6); or
‘‘(8) attempts to do any act prohibited under
paragraphs (1) through (7);
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than
twenty years, or both; and if the death of any person re-
sults, from conduct prohibited by this subsection, shall be
punished by death or imprisoned for any term of years
or for life.
‘‘(b) Whoever threatens to do any act prohibited
under paragraphs (2), (3) or (5) of subsection (a), with
apparent determination and will to carry the threat into
execution, if the threatened act is likely to endanger the
safe navigation of the ship in question, shall be fined
under this title or imprisoned not more than five years,
or both.
‘‘(c) There is jurisdiction over the prohibited activity
in subsections (a) and (b)—
‘‘(1) in the case of a covered ship, if—
‘‘(A) such activity is committed—
‘‘(i) by a person engaged in terrorism
or who acts on behalf of a terrorist group;
‘‘(ii) against or on board a ship flying
the flag of the United States at the time
the prohibited activity is committed;
‘‘(iii) in the United States and the ac-
tivity is not prohibited as a crime by the
State in which the activity takes place; or
‘‘(iv) the activity takes place on a ship
flying the flag of a foreign country or out-
side the United States, by a national of the
United States or by a stateless person
whose habitual residence is in the United
States;
‘‘(B) during the commission of such activ-
ity, a national of the United States is seized,
threatened, injured or killed; or
‘‘(C) the offender is later found in the
United States after such activity is committed;
‘‘(2) in the case of a ship navigating or sched-
uled to navigate solely within the territorial sea or
internal waters of a country other than the United
States, if the offender is later found in the United
States after such activity is committed; and
‘‘(3) in the case of any vessel, if such activity
is committed in an attempt to compel the United
States to do or abstain from doing any act.
‘‘(d) As used in this section, the term—
‘‘(1) the term ‘ship’ means a vessel of any type
whatsoever not permanently attached to the sea-bed,
including dynamically supported craft, submersibles
or any other floating craft; but such term does not
include a warship, a ship owned or operated by a
government when being used as a naval auxiliary or
for customs or police purposes, or a ship which has
been withdrawn from navigation or laid up;
‘‘(2) the term ‘covered ship’ means a ship that
is navigating or is scheduled to navigate into,
through or from waters beyond the outer limit of the
territorial sea of a single country or a lateral limit
of that country’s territorial sea with an adjacent
country;
‘‘(3) the term ‘national of the United States’
has the meaning given such term in section
101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act
(8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22));
‘‘(4) the term ‘territorial sea of the United
States’ means all waters extending seaward to 12
nautical miles from the baselines of the United
States determined in accordance with international
law; and
‘‘(5) the term ‘United States’, when used in a
geographical sense, includes the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern
Marianas Islands and all territories and possessions
of the United States.
‘‘§ 2281. Violence against maritime fixed platforms
‘‘(a) Whoever unlawfully and intentionally—
ent determination and will to carry the threat into execu-
tion, if the threatened act is likely to endanger the safety
of the fixed platform, shall be fined under this title or
imprisoned not more than five years, or both.
‘‘(c) There is jurisdiction over the prohibited activity
in subsections (a) and (b) if—
‘‘(1) such activity is committed against or on
board a fixed platform—
‘‘(A) that is located on the continental
shelf of the United States, if—
‘‘(i) by a person engaged in terrorism
or who acts on behalf of a terrorist group;
or
‘‘(ii) if the activity is not prohibited as
a crime by the State in which the activity
takes place;
‘‘(B) that is located on the continental
shelf of another country, by a national of the
United States or by a stateless person whose
habitual residence is in the United States; or
‘‘(C) in an attempt to compel the United
States to do or abstain from doing any act;
‘‘(2) during the commission of such activity
against or on board a fixed platform located on a
continental shelf, a national of the United States is
seized, threatened, injured or killed; or
‘‘(3) such activity is committed against or on
board a fixed platform located outside the United
States and beyond the continental shelf of the Unit-
ed States and the offender is later found in the
United States.
‘‘(d) As used in this section, the term—
‘‘(1) ‘continental shelf ’ means the sea-bed and
subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond a
country’s territorial sea to the limits provided by
customary international law as reflected in Article
76 of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea;
‘‘(2) ‘fixed platform’ means an artificial island,
installation or structure permanently attached to the
sea-bed for the purpose of exploration or exploitation
of resources or for other economic purposes;
‘‘(3) ‘national of the United States’ has the
meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of
the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
1101(a)(22));
‘‘(4) ‘territorial sea of the United States’ means
all waters extending seaward to 12 nautical miles
from the baselines of the United States determined
in accordance with international law; and
‘‘(5) ‘United States’, when used in a geographi-
cal sense, includes the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas
Islands and all territories and possessions of the
United States.’’.
SEC. 404. CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.
The table of sections at the beginning of chapter 111
of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at
the end thereof the following:
‘‘2280. Violence against maritime navigation.
‘‘2281. Violence against maritime fixed platforms.’’.
SEC. 405. EFFECTIVE DATES.
This subtitle and the amendments made by this sub-
title shall take effect on the later of—
(1) the date of the enactment of this Act; or
(2)(A) in the case of section 2280 of title 18,
United States Code, the date the Convention for the
Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of
Maritime Navigation has come into force and the
United States has become a party to that Conven-
tion; and
(B) in the case of section 2281 of title 18,
United States Code, the date the Protocol for the
Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of
Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf
has come into force and the United States has
become a party to that Protocol.
SEC. 406. TERRITORIAL SEA EXTENDING TO TWELVE MILES
INCLUDED IN SPECIAL MARITIME AND TER-
RITORIAL JURISDICTION.
The Congress hereby declares that all the territorial
sea of the United States, as defined by Presidential Proc-
lamation 5928 of December 27, 1988, is part of the Unit-
ed States, subject to its sovereignty, and, for purposes of
Federal criminal jurisdiction, is within the special mari-
time and territorial jurisdiction of the United States wher-
ever that term is used in title 18, United States Code.
SEC. 407. ASSIMILATED CRIMES IN EXTENDED TERRI-
TORIAL SEA.
Section 13 of title 18, United States Code (relating
to the adoption of State laws for areas within Federal
jurisdiction), is amended by—
(1) inserting after ‘‘title’’ in subsection (a) the
following: ‘‘or on, above, or below any portion of the
territorial sea of the United States not within the
territory of any State, Territory, Possession, or
District’’; and
(2) inserting at the end thereof the following
new subsection:
‘‘(c) Whenever any waters of the territorial sea of the
United States lie outside the territory of any State, Terri-
tory, Possession, or District, such waters (including the
airspace above and the seabed and subsoil below, and arti-
ficial islands and fixed structures erected thereon) shall
be deemed for purposes of subsection (a) to lie within the
area of that State, Territory, Possession, or District it
would lie within if the boundaries of such State, Territory,
Possession, or District were extended seaward to the outer
limit of the territorial sea of the United States.’’.
SEC. 408. JURISDICTION OVER CRIMES AGAINST UNITED
STATES NATIONALS ON CERTAIN FOREIGN
SHIPS.
Section 7 of title 18, United States Code (relating
to the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the
United States), is amended by inserting at the end thereof
the following new paragraph:
‘‘(8) To the extent permitted by international law,
any foreign vessel during a voyage having a scheduled de-
parture from or arrival in the United States with respect
to an offense committed by or against a national of the
United States.’’.
SEC. 409. TORTURE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Part I of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 113A the fol-
lowing new chapter:
‘‘CHAPTER 113B—TORTURE
‘‘Sec.
2340. Definitions.
2340A. Torture.
2340B. Exclusive remedies.
‘‘§ 2340. Definitions
‘‘As used in this chapter—
‘‘(1) ‘torture’ means an act committed by a per-
son acting under the color of law specifically in-
tended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or
suffering (other than pain or suffering incidental to
lawful sanctions) upon another person within his
custody or physical control.
‘‘(2) ‘severe mental pain or suffering’ means
the prolonged mental harm caused by or resulting
from: (a) the intentional infliction or threatened in-
fliction of severe physical pain or suffering; (b) the
administration or application, or threatened adminis-
tration or application, of mind altering substances or
other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly
the senses or the personality; (c) the threat of immi-
nent death; or (d) the threat that another person
will imminently be subjected to death, severe phys-
subject, nor shall anything in this chapter be construed
as creating any substantive or procedural right enforceable
by law by any party in any civil proceeding.’’.
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of chapters
for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
inserting after the item for chapter 113A the following
new item:
‘‘113B. Torture ..................................................................................... 2340.’’.
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This section shall take effect
on the later of—
(1) the date of enactment of this section; or
(2) the date the United States has become a
party to the Convention Against Torture and Other
Cruel, 
Inhuman 
or 
Degrading 
Treatment 
or
Punishment.
SEC. 410. COUNTERFEITING UNITED STATES CURRENCY
ABROAD.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 25 of title 18, United
States Code, is amended by adding before section 471 the
following new section:
‘‘§ 470. Counterfeit acts committed outside the Unit-
ed States
‘‘Whoever, outside the United States, engages in the
act of—
‘‘(1) making, dealing, or possessing any coun-
terfeit obligation or other security of the United
States; or
‘‘(2) making, dealing, or possessing any plate,
stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, used to
counterfeit such obligation or security,
if such act would constitute a violation of section 471, 473,
or 474 of this title if committed within the United States,
shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more
than 15 years, or both.’’.
(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS.—The table of sections for
chapter 25 of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by adding before section 471 the following:
‘‘471. Counterfeit acts committed outside the United States.’’.
(c) TABLE OF CHAPTERS.—The table of chapters at
the beginning of part I of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by striking the item for chapter 25 and
inserting the following:
‘‘25. Counterfeiting and forgery ...................................................
470’’.
SEC. 411. TERRORIST DEATH PENALTY ACT.
Section 2332(a)(1) of title 18 of the United States
Code is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(1)(A) if the killing is murder as defined in
section 1111(a) of this title, be fined under this title,
punished by death or imprisonment for any term of
years or for life, or both;’’.
SEC. 412. FOREIGN MURDER OF UNITED STATES NATION-
ALS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 51 of title 18, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end thereof the
following new section:
‘‘§ 1118. Foreign murder of United States nationals
‘‘(a) Whoever, being a national of the United States,
kills or attempts to kill a national of the United States
while such national is outside the United States but within
the jurisdiction of another country shall be punished as
provided under sections 1111, 1112, and 1113 of this title.
‘‘(b) No prosecution may be instituted against any
person under this section except upon the written approval
of the Attorney General, the Deputy Attorney General, or
an Assistant Attorney General, which function of approv-
ing prosecutions may not be delegated. No prosecution
shall be approved if prosecution has been previously un-
dertaken by a foreign country for the same act or
omission.
‘‘(c) No prosecution shall be approved under this sec-
tion unless the Attorney General, in consultation with the
Secretary of State, determines that the act or omission
took place in a country in which the person is no longer
present, and the country lacks the ability to lawfully se-
cure the person’s return. A determination by the Attorney
General under this subsection is not subject to judicial re-
view.
‘‘(d) As used in this section, the term ‘national of
the United States’ has the meaning given such term in
section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act
(8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).’’.
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1117 of
title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘or
1116’’ and inserting ‘‘1116, or 1118’’.
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections
at the beginning of chapter 51 of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
item:
‘‘1118. Foreign murder of United States nationals.’’.
TITLE V—AUTHORIZATIONS TO
EXPAND 
COUNTER-TERROR-
IST OPERATIONS
SEC. 501. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There is authorized to be appropriated in each of the
fiscal years 1992, 1993 and 1994, in addition to any other
amounts specified in appropriations Acts, for counter-ter-
rorist operations and programs:
(1) for the Federal Bureau of Investigation,
$20,000,000;
(2) for the Department of State, $5,000,000;
(3) for the United States Customs Service,
$5,000,000;
(4) for the United States Secret Service,
$2,500,000;
(5) for the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms, $10,000,000;
(6) for the Federal Aviation Administration,
$2,500,000;
(7) for the Immigration and Naturalization
Service, $5,000,000; and
(8) for grants to state and local law enforce-
ment agencies, to be administered by the Office of
Justice Programs in the Department of Justice, in
consultation with the Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion, $25,000,000.
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