IV 
110TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 1201 
Expressing the grave concern of the House of Representatives for Hezbollah, 
Syria, and Iran’s continued actions to undermine the legitimate Lebanese 
Government of Prime Minister Fuad Siniora, and their systematic viola-
tion of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1559, 1680, 1701, 
and 1747. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 15, 2008 
Mr. ISRAEL (for himself, Mr. KNOLLENBERG, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. 
WEINER, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. ARCURI, Mr. BISHOP of 
New York, Mr. MOORE of Kansas, Mr. ROSS, Mr. ISSA, Mr. RADANO-
VICH, Mr. CANTOR, Mr. KIRK, Mr. TIBERI, Mr. NUNES, and Mr. 
MCNULTY) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Expressing the grave concern of the House of Representa-
tives for Hezbollah, Syria, and Iran’s continued actions 
to undermine the legitimate Lebanese Government of 
Prime Minister Fuad Siniora, and their systematic viola-
tion of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 
1559, 1680, 1701, and 1747. 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559 
reaffirms the Security Council’s call for the strict respect 
of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity, and polit-
ical independence of Lebanon, under the sole and exclu-
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•HRES 1201 IH 
sive authority of the Government of Lebanon, throughout 
all Lebanese territory; 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1680 
strongly encourages the Government of Syria to delineate 
its border with Lebanon and establish full diplomatic re-
lations and representation; 
Whereas Lebanon has been without a president for 5 months, 
and Hezbollah continues to block the election of a new 
president; 
Whereas Hezbollah has violently taken control of much of 
Beirut; 
Whereas Prime Minister Fuad Siniora has called for imme-
diate, ‘‘free and fair’’ presidential elections ‘‘without 
prior conditions’’ and ‘‘conducted according to Lebanese 
constitutional rules, without foreign interference and in-
fluence’’; 
Whereas the Security Council has repeatedly called for free 
and fair presidential elections in Lebanon in accordance 
with the Lebanese constitution and without preconditions 
or foreign influence; 
Whereas Syria continues to undermine the legitimate Govern-
ment of Lebanon, headed by Prime Minister Siniora; 
Whereas on April 22, the Friends of Lebanon called for the 
immediate election of a Lebanese president without prior 
conditions, the establishment of a national unity govern-
ment, and the holding of general elections in conformity 
with an electoral law agreed by all parties, in accordance 
with the Arab League plan; 
Whereas the Friends of Lebanon also called on all parties in-
side and outside Lebanon to respect Lebanon’s independ-
ence and sovereignty; 
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•HRES 1201 IH 
Whereas the Friends of Lebanon include a robust and diverse 
set of representatives from Egypt, France, Germany, 
Italy, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United 
Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United 
States, along with the Secretary General of the Arab 
League, the Secretary General of the Council of the Eu-
ropean Union, and the Secretary General of the United 
Nations; 
Whereas Hezbollah has established an parallel structure to 
the elected Government of Prime Minister Siniora, which 
is the sole legitimate authority in Lebanon; 
Whereas according to the Government of Lebanon, Hezbollah 
maintains its own separate and secure communication 
network, which is considered illegal; 
Whereas the Government of Lebanon regards the network as 
‘‘illegal’’ and an ‘‘attack on the sovereignty of the State’’; 
Whereas the United Nations Secretary General’s special 
envoy to Lebanon reports that Hezbollah maintains a 
massive paramilitary infrastructure separate from the 
State; 
Whereas Hezbollah, with extensive support from Iran and 
Syria, has restored and enhanced its arsenal of rockets 
and sophisticated antitank guided missiles, estimated to 
include 10,000 long range and 20,000 short range rock-
ets, deployed both north and south of the Litani River; 
Whereas Lieutenant General Michael Maples, the director of 
the Defense Intelligence Agency, testified before Congress 
in February 2008, saying, ‘‘Lebanese Hezbollah con-
tinues to receive weapons, training, and resources from 
Iran’’; 
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•HRES 1201 IH 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747, 
acting under Chapter 7 of the United Nations charter, 
said Iran ‘‘shall not supply, sell, or transfer . . . any 
arms of related materiel’’ and all Nations ‘‘shall prohibit 
the procurement of such items from Iran’’; 
Whereas the United Nations Secretary General’s special 
envoy to Lebanon has said the United Nations continues 
to be ‘‘deeply concerned’’ by the activities of Syrian-based 
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General 
Command and Fatah Al-Intifada, both of which maintain 
significant military infrastructures within Lebanon and 
along the border with Syria; 
Whereas both Resolutions 1559 and 1701 call for the disar-
mament of all armed militias and foreign forces in Leb-
anon, and state there should be ‘‘no weapons or authority 
in Lebanon other than that of the Lebanese State’’; 
Whereas Resolution 1701 established an enhanced United 
Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) to assist 
the Lebanese armed forces in taking steps to disarm all 
armed groups in Lebanon, so that, pursuant to the Leba-
nese cabinet decision of July 27, 2006, there will be no 
weapons or authority in Lebanon, other than those of the 
Lebanese State; 
Whereas Resolution 1701 requires that States in the region 
‘‘take the necessary measure to prevent . . . the sale or 
supply . . . of arms and related material . . .’’ to Leb-
anon, except those authorized by the Government of Leb-
anon or by UNIFIL; 
Whereas United Nations Secretary General has called on 
Syria and Iran to support Hezbollah’s transformation 
into a political party; 
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