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(A) to develop optimized concentrating
solar power devices that may be used for the
production of both electricity and hydrogen; and
(B) to evaluate the use of thermochemical
cycles for hydrogen production at the tempera-
tures attainable with concentrating solar power
devices;
(4) coordinate with activities sponsored by the
Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy,
Science, and Technology on high-temperature mate-
rials, thermochemical cycles, and economic issues re-
lated to solar energy;
(5) provide for the construction and operation
of new concentrating solar power devices or solar
power cogeneration facilities that produce hydrogen
either concurrently with, or independently of, the
production of electricity;
(6) support existing facilities and research pro-
grams dedicated to the development and advance-
ment of concentrating solar power devices; and
(7) establish a program—
(A) to research and develop methods that
use electricity from photovoltaic devices for the
onsite production of hydrogen, such that no in-
termediate transmission or distribution infra-
351
structure is required or used and future de-
mand growth may be accommodated;
(B) to evaluate the economics of small-
scale electrolysis for hydrogen production; and
(C) to research the potential of modular
photovoltaic devices for the development of a
hydrogen infrastructure, the security implica-
tions of a hydrogen infrastructure, and the ben-
efits potentially derived from a hydrogen infra-
structure.
(b) WIND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES.—The Secretary
shall—
(1) prepare a detailed roadmap for carrying out
the provisions in this subtitle related to wind energy
technologies and for implementing the recommenda-
tions related to wind energy technologies that are in-
cluded in the report transmitted under subsection
(c); and
(2) provide for the establishment of 5 projects
in geographic areas that are regionally and climati-
cally diverse to demonstrate the production of hydro-
gen at existing wind energy facilities, including one
demonstration project at a national laboratory or in-
stitution of higher education.
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(c) PROGRAM SUPPORT.—The Secretary shall sup-
port research programs at institutions of higher education
for the development of solar energy technologies and wind
energy technologies for the production of hydrogen. The
research programs supported under this subsection
shall—
(1) enhance fellowship and faculty assistance
programs;
(2) provide support for fundamental research;
(3) encourage collaborative research among in-
dustry, national laboratories, and institutions of
higher education;
(4) support communication and outreach; and
(5) to the greatest extent possible—
(A) be located in geographic areas that are
regionally and climatically diverse; and
(B) be located at part B institutions, mi-
nority institutions, and institutions of higher
education located in States participating in the
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competi-
tive Research of the Department of Energy.
(d) INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND NA-
TIONAL
LABORATORY
INTERACTIONS.—In conjunction
with the programs supported under this section, the Sec-
retary shall develop sabbatical, fellowship, and visiting sci-
353
entist programs to encourage national laboratories and in-
stitutions of higher education to share and exchange per-
sonnel.
(e) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section—
(1) the term ‘‘concentrating solar power de-
vices’’ means devices that concentrate the power of
the sun by reflection or refraction to improve the ef-
ficiency of a photovoltaic or thermal generation proc-
ess;
(2) the term ‘‘institution of higher education’’
has the meaning given to that term in section
101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
U.S.C. 1001(a));
(3) the term ‘‘minority institution’’ has the
meaning given to that term in section 365 of the
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067k);
(4) the term ‘‘part B institution’’ has the mean-
ing given to that term in section 322 of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061); and
(5) the term ‘‘photovoltaic devices’’ means de-
vices that convert light directly into electricity
through a solid-state, semiconductor process.
SEC. 811. HYDROGEN FUEL CELL BUSES.
The Secretary of Energy, through the advanced vehi-
cle technologies program, in coordination with the Sec-
354
retary of Transportation, shall advance the development
of fuel cell bus technologies by providing funding for 4
demonstration sites that—
(1) have or will soon have hydrogen infrastruc-
ture for fuel cell bus operation; and
(2) are operated by entities with experience in
the development of fuel cell bus technologies, to en-
able the widespread utilization of fuel cell buses.
Such demonstrations shall address the reliability of fuel
cell heavy-duty vehicles, expense, infrastructure, contain-
ment, storage, safety, training, and other issues.
TITLE IX—RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
SEC. 900. SHORT TITLE; DEFINITIONS.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the
‘‘Energy Research, Development, Demonstration, and
Commercial Application Act of 2005’’.
(b) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this title:
(1) APPLIED PROGRAMS.—The term ‘‘applied
programs’’ means the research, development, dem-
onstration, and commercial application programs of
the Department concerning energy efficiency, renew-
able energy, nuclear energy, fossil energy, and elec-
tricity transmission and distribution.
(2) BIOMASS.—The term ‘‘biomass’’ means—
355
(A) any organic material grown for the
purpose of being converted to energy;
(B) any organic byproduct of agriculture
(including wastes from food production and
processing) that can be converted into energy;
or
(C) any waste material that can be con-
verted to energy, is segregated from other waste
materials, and is derived from—
(i) any of the following forest-related
resources: mill residues, precommercial
thinnings, slash, brush, or otherwise non-
merchantable material; or
(ii) wood waste materials, including
waste pallets, crates, dunnage, manufac-
turing and construction wood wastes (other
than pressure-treated, chemically-treated,
or painted wood wastes), and landscape or
right-of-way tree trimmings, but not in-
cluding municipal solid waste, gas derived
from the biodegradation of municipal solid
waste, or paper that is commonly recycled.
(3) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’
means the Department of Energy.
356
(4) DEPARTMENTAL MISSION.—The term ‘‘de-
partmental mission’’ means any of the functions
vested in the Secretary of Energy by the Depart-
ment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7101
et seq.) or other law.
(5) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The
term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the
meaning given that term in section 101(a) of the
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
(6) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na-
tional Laboratory’’ means any of the following lab-
oratories owned by the Department:
(A) Ames Laboratory.
(B) Argonne National Laboratory.
(C) Brookhaven National Laboratory.
(D) Fermi National Accelerator Labora-
tory.
(E) Idaho National Laboratory.
(F) Lawrence Berkeley National Labora-
tory.
(G) Lawrence Livermore National Labora-
tory.
(H) Los Alamos National Laboratory.
(I) National Energy Technology Labora-
tory.
357
(J) National Renewable Energy Labora-
tory.
(K) Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
(L) Pacific Northwest National Labora-
tory.
(M) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.
(N) Sandia National Laboratories.
(O) Savannah River National Laboratory.
(P) Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
(Q) Thomas Jefferson National Accel-
erator Facility.
(7) RENEWABLE ENERGY.—The term ‘‘renew-
able energy’’ means energy from wind, sunlight, the
flow of water, heat from the Earth, or biomass that
can be converted into a usable form such as process
heat, electricity, fuel, or space heat.
(8) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means
the Secretary of Energy.
(9) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means any of
the several States, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the North-
ern Mariana Islands, and any other commonwealth,
territory, or possession of the United States.
358
(10) UNIVERSITY.—The term ‘‘university’’ has
the meaning given the term ‘‘institution of higher
education’’ in section 101 of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001).
(11) USER FACILITY.—The term ‘‘user facility’’
means a research and development facility sup-
ported, in whole or in part, by Departmental funds
that is open, at a minimum, to all qualified United
States researchers.
Subtitle A—Science Programs
SEC. 901. OFFICE OF SCIENCE PROGRAMS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct,
through the Office of Science, programs of research, devel-
opment, demonstration, and commercial application in
high energy physics, nuclear physics, biological and envi-
ronmental research, basic energy sciences, advanced sci-
entific computing research, and fusion energy sciences, in-
cluding activities described in this subtitle. The programs
shall include support for facilities and infrastructure, edu-
cation, outreach, information, analysis, and coordination
activities.
(b) RARE ISOTOPE ACCELERATOR.—
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall con-
struct and operate a Rare Isotope Accelerator. The
359
Secretary shall commence construction no later than
September 30, 2008.
(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.—
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary such sums as may be necessary to carry out
this subsection. The Secretary shall not spend more
than $1,100,000,000 in Federal funds for all activi-
ties associated with the Rare Isotope Accelerator
prior to operation.
SEC. 902. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY PROGRAM.
(a) PROGRAM.—
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall es-
tablish a research, development, and demonstration
program in genetics, protein science, and computa-
tional biology to support the energy, national secu-
rity, and environmental missions of the Department.
(2) GRANTS.—The program shall support indi-
vidual researchers and multidisciplinary teams of re-
searchers 
through 
competitive, 
merit-reviewed
grants.
(3) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the pro-
gram, the Secretary shall consult with other Federal
agencies that conduct genetic and protein research.