I 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 8663 
To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 
Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and 
disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 7, 2024 
Mr. LALOTA (for himself and Mr. CORREA) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Homeland Security 
A BILL 
To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the 
Department of Homeland Security to develop greater 
capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances 
in very low concentrations. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Detection Equipment 
and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of 
Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’ or the ‘‘DETECT 
Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’. 
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SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT, IDENTIFY, 
AND DISRUPT DRUGS SUCH AS FENTANYL 
AND XYLAZINE. 
Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 
(6 U.S.C. 182) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (13), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(15) carrying out research, development, test-
ing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve 
the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment 
and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, 
local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agen-
cies for the accurate detection of drugs or the dis-
ruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as 
fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— 
‘‘(A) portable equipment that can detect 
and identify drugs with minimal or no handling 
of the sample; 
‘‘(B) equipment that can separate complex 
mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs 
and high concentrations of cutting agents into 
their component parts to enable signature ex-
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traction for field identification and detection; 
and 
‘‘(C) technologies that use machine learn-
ing or artificial intelligence (as defined in sec-
tion 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence 
Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and 
other techniques to predict whether the sub-
stances in a sample are controlled substance 
analogues or other new psychoactive substances 
not yet included in available reference librar-
ies.’’. 
SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 
In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Se-
curity Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Sec-
retary for Science and Technology shall— 
(1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and 
best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence 
Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or 
any successor document published by the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology; and 
(2) establish the Directorate of Science and 
Technology’s research, development, testing, evalua-
tion, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such 
section 302(15) based on the latest available infor-
mation, including the latest State and Territory Re-
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port on Enduring and Emerging Threats published 
by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any 
successor document. 
Æ 
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