Powers Act), section 40(d) of the Arms Export Con-
trol Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)), and section 620A of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2371), is a government that has repeatedly provided 
support for acts of international terrorism. 
(2) 
TRANSSHIPMENT.—The 
term 
‘‘trans-
shipment’’ means the export from one country to an-
other that passes through a third country, in which 
cargo is off-loaded and there is some change to con-
veyance. 
TITLE 
IV—DIPLOMATIC 
EF-
FORTS TO ISOLATE THE GOV-
ERNMENT OF SYRIA 
SEC. 401. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO BILATERAL 
EFFORTS. 
It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State 
should ensure that United States diplomatic personnel 
abroad understand and, in their contacts with foreign offi-
cials, are communicating the reasons for United States 
policy and sanctions against the Government of Syria, and 
are urging foreign governments to cooperate more effec-
tively with the Government of the United States in com-
pelling the Government of Syria to cease policies and ac-
tivities that threaten global peace and security. 
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SEC. 402. OPPOSITION TO SYRIA’S MEMBERSHIP AND CAN-
DIDACY FOR LEADERSHIP POSTS IN UNITED 
NATIONS INSTITUTIONS. 
The President shall direct the United States Perma-
nent Representative to the United Nations, United Na-
tions organizations and entities, and United Nations-affili-
ated agencies and bodies, to continue to use the voice, 
vote, and influence of the United States to oppose Syria’s 
membership and candidacy for leadership posts in such 
institutions, and engage in diplomatic efforts to secure 
multilateral support for such efforts. 
SEC. 403. ACTIONS AT INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTI-
TUTIONS. 
The President shall instruct the United States Exec-
utive Director at each international financial institution 
(as defined in section 1701(c)(2) of the International Fi-
nancial Institutions Act) to use the voice, vote, and influ-
ence of the United States to oppose any loan or other as-
sistance to Syria and to oppose Syria’s membership in 
each such institution. 
SEC. 404. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES AND RE-
GIONAL CONTACT GROUPS. 
The President shall seek to establish contact groups 
with relevant countries in the Middle East to provide fo-
rums in which United States officials who are responsible 
for counter-proliferation efforts are able to meet, at least 
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twice each year, with their counterparts from such coun-
tries to— 
(1) discuss the global threats presented by Syr-
ian nuclear proliferation and sponsorship of inter-
national terrorism; and 
(2) develop strategies to effectively address such 
threats. 
SEC. 405. REPORT ON ASSISTANCE TO, AND COMMERCE 
WITH, SYRIA. 
(a) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the 
President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report on assistance to, and commerce with, 
Syria by other foreign countries during the preceding 12- 
month period. 
(b) CONTENTS.—Each report required under sub-
section (a) shall, for the period covered by the report, con-
tain the following information, to the extent such informa-
tion is available: 
(1) A description of all bilateral assistance pro-
vided to Syria by other foreign countries, including 
humanitarian assistance. 
(2) A description of Syria’s commerce with 
other foreign countries, including an identification of 
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Syria’s trading partners and the extent of such 
trade. 
(3) A description of the joint ventures com-
pleted, or under consideration, by foreign nationals, 
business firms, and persons involving facilities in 
Syria, including an identification of the location of 
the facilities involved and a description of the terms 
of agreement of the joint ventures and the names of 
the parties that are involved. 
(4) A determination of the amount of debt of 
the Government of Syria that is owed to each for-
eign country, including— 
(A) the amount of debt exchanged, for-
given, or reduced under the terms of each in-
vestment or operation in Syria involving foreign 
nationals; and 
(B) the amount of debt owed to the foreign 
country that has been exchanged, forgiven, or 
reduced in return for a grant by the Govern-
ment of Syria of an equity interest in a prop-
erty, investment, or operation of the Govern-
ment of Syria or of a Syrian national. 
(5) A description of the steps taken to assure 
that raw materials and semifinished or finished 
goods produced by facilities in Syria involving for-
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eign nationals do not enter the United States mar-
ket, either directly or through third countries or par-
ties. 
(6) An identification of countries and entities 
that provide, or have provided, arms or military sup-
plies from Syria or that otherwise have entered into 
agreements with Syria that could have a military ap-
plication, including— 
(A) a description of the military supplies, 
equipment, or other material sold, bartered, or 
exchanged between Syria and such countries; 
(B) a listing of the goods, services, credits, 
or other consideration received by Syria in ex-
change for military supplies, equipment, or ma-
terial; and 
(C) the terms or conditions of any such 
agreement. 
(c) FORM.—The report submitted under subsection 
(a) shall be in unclassified form but may include a classi-
fied annex. 
TITLE V—ASSISTANCE TO 
SUPPORT DEMOCRACY IN SYRIA 
SEC. 501. DECLARATIONS OF POLICY. 
It shall be the policy of the United States to support 
independent human rights and pro-democracy forces in 
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