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‘‘§ 1511. Commencement of case under section 301 or 
303
‘‘(a) Upon recognition, a foreign representative may 
commence—
‘‘(1) an involuntary case under section 303; or 
‘‘(2) a voluntary case under section 301 or 302, 
if the foreign proceeding is a foreign main pro-
ceeding. 
‘‘(b) The petition commencing a case under sub-
section (a) must be accompanied by a certified copy of 
an order granting recognition. The court where the peti-
tion for recognition has been filed must be advised of the 
foreign representative’s intent to commence a case under 
subsection (a) prior to such commencement. 
‘‘§ 1512. Participation of a foreign representative in a 
case under this title 
‘‘Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, the for-
eign representative in the recognized proceeding is entitled 
to participate as a party in interest in a case regarding 
the debtor under this title. 
‘‘§ 1513. Access of foreign creditors to a case under 
this title 
‘‘(a) Foreign creditors have the same rights regarding 
the commencement of, and participation in, a case under 
this title as domestic creditors.
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‘‘(b)(1) Subsection (a) does not change or codify 
present law as to the priority of claims under section 507 
or 726, except that the claim of a foreign creditor under 
those sections shall not be given a lower priority than that 
of general unsecured claims without priority solely because 
the holder of such claim is a foreign creditor. 
‘‘(2)(A) Subsection (a) and paragraph (1) do not 
change or codify present law as to the allowability of for-
eign revenue claims or other foreign public law claims in 
a proceeding under this title. 
‘‘(B) Allowance and priority as to a foreign tax claim 
or other foreign public law claim shall be governed by any 
applicable tax treaty of the United States, under the con-
ditions and circumstances specified therein. 
‘‘§ 1514. Notification to foreign creditors concerning a 
case under this title 
‘‘(a) Whenever in a case under this title notice is to 
be given to creditors generally or to any class or category 
of creditors, such notice shall also be given to the known 
creditors generally, or to creditors in the notified class or 
category, that do not have addresses in the United States. 
The court may order that appropriate steps be taken with 
a view to notifying any creditor whose address is not yet 
known.
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‘‘(b) Such notification to creditors with foreign ad-
dresses described in subsection (a) shall be given individ-
ually, unless the court considers that, under the cir-
cumstances, some other form of notification would be 
more appropriate. No letter or other formality is required. 
‘‘(c) When a notification of commencement of a case 
is to be given to foreign creditors, such notification shall—
‘‘(1) indicate the time period for filing proofs of 
claim and specify the place for filing such proofs of 
claim; 
‘‘(2) indicate whether secured creditors need to 
file proofs of claim; and 
‘‘(3) contain any other information required to 
be included in such notification to creditors under 
this title and the orders of the court. 
‘‘(d) Any rule of procedure or order of the court as 
to notice or the filing of a proof of claim shall provide 
such additional time to creditors with foreign addresses 
as is reasonable under the circumstances. 
‘‘SUBCHAPTER III—RECOGNITION OF A 
FOREIGN PROCEEDING AND RELIEF 
‘‘§ 1515. Application for recognition 
‘‘(a) A foreign representative applies to the court for 
recognition of a foreign proceeding in which the foreign
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representative has been appointed by filing a petition for 
recognition. 
‘‘(b) A petition for recognition shall be accompanied 
by—
‘‘(1) a certified copy of the decision com-
mencing such foreign proceeding and appointing the 
foreign representative; 
‘‘(2) a certificate from the foreign court affirm-
ing the existence of such foreign proceeding and of 
the appointment of the foreign representative; or 
‘‘(3) in the absence of evidence referred to in 
paragraphs (1) and (2), any other evidence accept-
able to the court of the existence of such foreign 
proceeding and of the appointment of the foreign 
representative. 
‘‘(c) A petition for recognition shall also be accom-
panied by a statement identifying all foreign proceedings 
with respect to the debtor that are known to the foreign 
representative. 
‘‘(d) The documents referred to in paragraphs (1) 
and (2) of subsection (b) shall be translated into English. 
The court may require a translation into English of addi-
tional documents.
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‘‘§ 1516. Presumptions concerning recognition 
‘‘(a) If the decision or certificate referred to in section 
1515(b) indicates that the foreign proceeding is a foreign 
proceeding and that the person or body is a foreign rep-
resentative, the court is entitled to so presume. 
‘‘(b) The court is entitled to presume that documents 
submitted in support of the petition for recognition are 
authentic, whether or not they have been legalized. 
‘‘(c) In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the 
debtor’s registered office, or habitual residence in the case 
of an individual, is presumed to be the center of the debt-
or’s main interests. 
‘‘§ 1517. Order granting recognition 
‘‘(a) Subject to section 1506, after notice and a hear-
ing, an order recognizing a foreign proceeding shall be en-
tered if—
‘‘(1) such foreign proceeding for which recogni-
tion is sought is a foreign main proceeding or for-
eign nonmain proceeding within the meaning of sec-
tion 1502; 
‘‘(2) the foreign representative applying for rec-
ognition is a person or body; and 
‘‘(3) the petition meets the requirements of sec-
tion 1515. 
‘‘(b) Such foreign proceeding shall be recognized—
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‘‘(1) as a foreign main proceeding if it is pend-
ing in the country where the debtor has the center 
of its main interests; or 
‘‘(2) as a foreign nonmain proceeding if the 
debtor has an establishment within the meaning of 
section 1502 in the foreign country where the pro-
ceeding is pending. 
‘‘(c) A petition for recognition of a foreign proceeding 
shall be decided upon at the earliest possible time. Entry 
of an order recognizing a foreign proceeding constitutes 
recognition under this chapter. 
‘‘(d) The provisions of this subchapter do not prevent 
modification or termination of recognition if it is shown 
that the grounds for granting it were fully or partially 
lacking or have ceased to exist, but in considering such 
action the court shall give due weight to possible prejudice 
to parties that have relied upon the order granting rec-
ognition. A case under this chapter may be closed in the 
manner prescribed under section 350. 
‘‘§ 1518. Subsequent information 
‘‘From the time of filing the petition for recognition 
of a foreign proceeding, the foreign representative shall 
file with the court promptly a notice of change of status 
concerning—
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‘‘(1) any substantial change in the status of 
such foreign proceeding or the status of the foreign 
representative’s appointment; and 
‘‘(2) any other foreign proceeding regarding the 
debtor that becomes known to the foreign represent-
ative. 
‘‘§ 1519. Relief that may be granted upon filing peti-
tion for recognition 
‘‘(a) From the time of filing a petition for recognition 
until the court rules on the petition, the court may, at 
the request of the foreign representative, where relief is 
urgently needed to protect the assets of the debtor or the 
interests of the creditors, grant relief of a provisional na-
ture, including—
‘‘(1) staying execution against the debtor’s as-
sets; 
‘‘(2) entrusting the administration or realiza-
tion of all or part of the debtor’s assets located in 
the United States to the foreign representative or 
another person authorized by the court, including an 
examiner, in order to protect and preserve the value 
of assets that, by their nature or because of other 
circumstances, are perishable, susceptible to devalu-
ation or otherwise in jeopardy; and
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‘‘(3) any relief referred to in paragraph (3), 
(4), or (7) of section 1521(a). 
‘‘(b) Unless extended under section 1521(a)(6), the 
relief granted under this section terminates when the peti-
tion for recognition is granted. 
‘‘(c) It is a ground for denial of relief under this sec-
tion that such relief would interfere with the administra-
tion of a foreign main proceeding. 
‘‘(d) The court may not enjoin a police or regulatory 
act of a governmental unit, including a criminal action or 
proceeding, under this section. 
‘‘(e) The standards, procedures, and limitations ap-
plicable to an injunction shall apply to relief under this 
section. 
‘‘(f) The exercise of rights not subject to the stay 
arising under section 362(a) pursuant to paragraph (6), 
(7), (17), or (27) of section 362(b) or pursuant to section 
362(n) shall not be stayed by any order of a court or ad-
ministrative agency in any proceeding under this chapter. 
‘‘§ 1520. Effects of recognition of a foreign main pro-
ceeding 
‘‘(a) Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding that 
is a foreign main proceeding—
‘‘(1) sections 361 and 362 apply with respect to 
the debtor and the property of the debtor that is
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within the territorial jurisdiction of the United 
States; 
‘‘(2) sections 363, 549, and 552 apply to a 
transfer of an interest of the debtor in property that 
is within the territorial jurisdiction of the United 
States to the same extent that the sections would 
apply to property of an estate; 
‘‘(3) unless the court orders otherwise, the for-
eign representative may operate the debtor’s busi-
ness and may exercise the rights and powers of a 
trustee under and to the extent provided by sections 
363 and 552; and 
‘‘(4) section 552 applies to property of the debt-
or that is within the territorial jurisdiction of the 
United States. 
‘‘(b) Subsection (a) does not affect the right to com-
mence an individual action or proceeding in a foreign 
country to the extent necessary to preserve a claim against 
the debtor. 
‘‘(c) Subsection (a) does not affect the right of a for-
eign representative or an entity to file a petition com-
mencing a case under this title or the right of any party 
to file claims or take other proper actions in such a case.
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‘‘§ 1521. Relief that may be granted upon recognition 
‘‘(a) Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, wheth-
er main or nonmain, where necessary to effectuate the 
purpose of this chapter and to protect the assets of the 
debtor or the interests of the creditors, the court may, at 
the request of the foreign representative, grant any appro-
priate relief, including—
‘‘(1) staying the commencement or continuation 
of an individual action or proceeding concerning the 
debtor’s assets, rights, obligations or liabilities to the 
extent they have not been stayed under section 
1520(a); 
‘‘(2) staying execution against the debtor’s as-
sets to the extent it has not been stayed under sec-
tion 1520(a); 
‘‘(3) suspending the right to transfer, encumber 
or otherwise dispose of any assets of the debtor to 
the extent this right has not been suspended under 
section 1520(a); 
‘‘(4) providing for the examination of witnesses, 
the taking of evidence or the delivery of information 
concerning the debtor’s assets, affairs, rights, obliga-
tions or liabilities; 
‘‘(5) entrusting the administration or realiza-
tion of all or part of the debtor’s assets within the 
territorial jurisdiction of the United States to the
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foreign representative or another person, including 
an examiner, authorized by the court; 
‘‘(6) extending relief granted under section 
1519(a); and 
‘‘(7) granting any additional relief that may be 
available to a trustee, except for relief available 
under sections 522, 544, 545, 547, 548, 550, and 
724(a). 
‘‘(b) Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, wheth-
er main or nonmain, the court may, at the request of the 
foreign representative, entrust the distribution of all or 
part of the debtor’s assets located in the United States 
to the foreign representative or another person, including 
an examiner, authorized by the court, provided that the 
court is satisfied that the interests of creditors in the 
United States are sufficiently protected. 
‘‘(c) In granting relief under this section to a rep-
resentative of a foreign nonmain proceeding, the court 
must be satisfied that the relief relates to assets that, 
under the law of the United States, should be adminis-
tered in the foreign nonmain proceeding or concerns infor-
mation required in that proceeding. 
‘‘(d) The court may not enjoin a police or regulatory 
act of a governmental unit, including a criminal action or 
proceeding, under this section.
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‘‘(e) The standards, procedures, and limitations ap-
plicable to an injunction shall apply to relief under para-
graphs (1), (2), (3), and (6) of subsection (a). 
‘‘(f) The exercise of rights not subject to the stay 
arising under section 362(a) pursuant to paragraph (6), 
(7), (17), or (27) of section 362(b) or pursuant to section 
362(n) shall not be stayed by any order of a court or ad-
ministrative agency in any proceeding under this chapter. 
‘‘§ 1522. Protection of creditors and other interested 
persons 
‘‘(a) The court may grant relief under section 1519 
or 1521, or may modify or terminate relief under sub-
section (c), only if the interests of the creditors and other 
interested entities, including the debtor, are sufficiently 
protected. 
‘‘(b) The court may subject relief granted under sec-
tion 1519 or 1521, or the operation of the debtor’s busi-
ness under section 1520(a)(3), to conditions it considers 
appropriate, including the giving of security or the filing 
of a bond. 
‘‘(c) The court may, at the request of the foreign rep-
resentative or an entity affected by relief granted under 
section 1519 or 1521, or at its own motion, modify or 
terminate such relief.