SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Remote Access Secu-
rity Act’’. 
SEC. 2. CONTROL OF REMOTE ACCESS OF ITEMS UNDER 
THE EXPORT CONTROL REFORM ACT OF 2018. 
The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 is amended 
as follows: 
(1) In section 1742 (50 U.S.C. 4801), by add-
ing at the end the following: 
‘‘(15) REMOTE ACCESS.—The term ‘remote ac-
cess’ means access on a purposeful, knowing, reck-
less, or negligent basis to an item subject to the ju-
risdiction of the United States under this Act by a 
foreign person through a network connection, includ-
ing the internet or a cloud computing service, from 
a location other than where the item is physically lo-
cated if the Secretary determines that the use of the 
item could pose a serious risk to the national secu-
rity or foreign policy of the United States. Nothing 
in this paragraph may be construed to lower the req-
uisite mens rea required to be proven for criminal li-
ability under section 1760.’’. 
(2) In section 1752 (50 U.S.C. 4811)—
(A) in paragraph (1)—
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘or remote access of such items’’ after 
‘‘export of items’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘or remote access of such items’’ after 
‘‘export of items’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (2)—
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by striking ‘‘and in-country 
transfer of items’’ and inserting ‘‘in-coun-
try transfer, and remote access of items’’; 
and 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 
‘‘or remote access’’ after ‘‘the release’’. 
(3) In section 1753 (50 U.S.C. 4812)—
(A) in subsection (a)—
(i) in paragraph (1), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in paragraph (2)(F), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing:
‘‘(3) the remote access of items subject to the 
jurisdiction of the United States by a foreign per-
son.’’; 
(B) in subsection (b)—
(i) in paragraph (6), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in paragraph (7), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; 
and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(8) regulate the remote access of items de-
scribed in subsection (a)(3).’’; and 
(C) in subsection (c)—
(i) by striking ‘‘or in-country trans-
fer’’ each place it appears and inserting 
‘‘in-country transfer, or remote access’’; 
and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘subsections (b)(1) or 
(b)(2)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsections (b)(1), 
(b)(2), or (b)(8)’’. 
(4) In section 1754 (50 U.S.C. 4813)—
(A) in subsection (a)—
(i) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and 
in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in-
country transfers, and remote access’’; 
(ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and 
in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in-
country transfers, and remote access’’; 
(iii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
‘‘and in-country transfers’’ and inserting 
‘‘in-country transfers, and remote access’’; 
(iv) in paragraph (6), by striking 
‘‘United States export control’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘United States control’’; 
(v) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘ex-
port controls’’ and inserting ‘‘controls’’; 
(vi) in paragraph (10), by striking ‘‘or 
in-country transferred’’ and inserting ‘‘in-
country transferred or accessed remotely’’; 
(vii) in paragraph (11), by adding at 
the end before the semicolon the following: 
‘‘or remote access’’; and 
(viii) in paragraph (15), by adding at 
the end before ‘‘; and’’ the following: ‘‘or 
remotely access (including the provision 
thereof)’’;
(B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘or in-
country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 
transfer, or remote access’’; and 
(C) in subsection (d)(1)(A), by striking ‘‘or 
in-country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 
transfer, or remote access (including the provi-
sion thereof)’’. 
(5) In section 1755 (50 U.S.C. 4814)—
(A) in subsection (b)(2)—
(i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘and in-country transfers’’ and inserting 
‘‘in-country transfers, and remote access 
(including the provision thereof)’’; and 
(ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘and in-country transfers’’ and inserting 
‘‘in-country transfers, and remote access 
(including the provision thereof)’’; and 
(B) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘export 
controls’’ and inserting ‘‘controls’’. 
(6) In section 1756 (50 U.S.C. 4815)—
(A) in subsection (a), in the matter pre-
ceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and in-coun-
try transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country trans-
fer, and remote access’’; and