(A) research to assess the potential ethical 
and societal implications of Foundation-sup-
ported research and products or technologies 
enabled by such research, including the benefits 
and risks identified pursuant to paragraph 
(2)(A); and 
(B) the development and verification of ap-
proaches to proactively mitigate foreseeable 
risks to society, including the technical and so-
cial solutions identified pursuant to paragraph 
(2)(B). 
(5) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Director shall en-
courage awardees to update their ethics statements 
as appropriate as part of the annual reports re-
quired by all awardees under the award terms and 
conditions. 
(e) 
RESEARCH
REPRODUCIBILITY
AND 
REPLICABILITY.—Consistent with existing Federal law for 
privacy, intellectual property, and security, the Director 
shall facilitate the public access to research products, in-
cluding data, software, and code, developed as part of 
Foundation-supported projects. 
(1) DATA MANAGEMENT PLANS.— 
(A) The Director shall require that every 
proposal for funding for research include a ma-
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chine-readable data management plan that in-
cludes a description of how the awardee will ar-
chive and preserve public access to data, soft-
ware, and code developed as part of the pro-
posed project. 
(B) In carrying out the requirement in 
subparagraph (A), the Director shall— 
(i) provide necessary resources, in-
cluding trainings and workshops, to edu-
cate researchers and students on how to 
develop and review high quality data man-
agement plans; 
(ii) ensure program officers and merit 
review panels are equipped with the re-
sources and training necessary to review 
the quality of data management plans; and 
(iii) ensure program officers and 
merit review panels treat data management 
plans as essential elements of grant pro-
posals, where appropriate. 
(2) 
OPEN
REPOSITORIES.—The 
Director 
shall— 
(A) coordinate with the heads of other 
Federal science agencies, and solicit input from 
the scientific community, to develop and widely 
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disseminate a set of criteria for trusted open re-
positories, accounting for discipline-specific 
needs and necessary protections for sensitive in-
formation, to be used by Federally funded re-
searchers for the sharing of data, software, and 
code; 
(B) work with stakeholders to identify sig-
nificant gaps in available repositories meeting 
the criteria developed under subparagraph (A) 
and options for supporting the development of 
additional or enhanced repositories; 
(C) award grants on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
or organizations) for the development, up-
grades, and maintenance of open data reposi-
tories that meet the criteria developed under 
subparagraph (A); 
(D) work with stakeholders and build on 
existing models, where appropriate, to establish 
a single, public, web-based point of access to 
help users locate repositories storing data, soft-
ware, and code resulting from or used in Foun-
dation-supported projects; 
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(E) work with stakeholders to establish the 
necessary policies and procedures and allocate 
the necessary resources to ensure, as prac-
ticable, data underlying published findings re-
sulting from Foundation-supported projects are 
deposited in repositories meeting the criteria 
developed under subparagraph (A) at the time 
of publication; 
(F) incentivize the deposition of data, soft-
ware, and code into repositories that meet the 
criteria developed under subparagraph (A); and 
(G) coordinate with the scientific pub-
lishing community to develop uniform consensus 
standards around data archiving and sharing. 
(3) RESEARCH, 
DEVELOPMENT, 
AND
EDU-
CATION.—The Director shall award grants, on a 
competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such in-
stitutions or organizations) to— 
(A) support research and development of 
open source, sustainable, usable tools and infra-
structure that support reproducibility for a 
broad range of studies across different dis-
ciplines; 
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(B) support research on computational re-
producibility, including the limits of reproduc-
ibility and the consistency of computational re-
sults in the development of new computation 
hardware, tools, and methods; and 
(C) support the education and training of 
students, faculty, and researchers on computa-
tional methods, tools, and techniques to improve 
the quality and sharing of data, code, and sup-
porting metadata to produce reproducible re-
search. 
(f) CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Director shall award 
grants, on a competitive basis, to institutions of 
higher education or non-profit organizations (or con-
sortia of such institutions or organizations) to sup-
port research to improve our understanding of the 
climate system and related human and environ-
mental systems. 
(2) USE
OF
FUNDS.—Activities funded by a 
grant under this subsection may include— 
(A) fundamental research on climate 
forcings, feedbacks, responses, and thresholds 
in the earth system; 
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(B) research on climate-related human be-
haviors and institutions; 
(C) research on climate-related risk, vul-
nerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity of 
coupled human-environment systems, including 
risks to ecosystem stability and risks to vulner-
able populations; 
(D) research to support the development 
and implementation of effective social strategies 
and tools for mitigating and adapting to climate 
change, including at the local level; 
(E) improved modeling, projections, anal-
yses, and assessments of climate and other 
Earth system changes; 
(F) the development of effective strategies 
for educating and training future climate 
change researchers, and climate change re-
sponse and mitigation professionals, in both re-
search and development methods, as well as 
community engagement and science commu-
nication; and 
(G) the development of effective strategies 
for public and community engagement in the all 
stages of the research and development process. 
(g) VIOLENCE RESEARCH.— 
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(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Director shall award 
grants, on a competitive basis, to institutions of 
higher education or non-profit organizations (or con-
sortia of such institutions or organizations) to sup-
port research to improve our understanding of the 
nature, scope, causes, consequences, prevention, and 
response to all forms of violence. 
(2) USE
OF
FUNDS.—Activities funded by a 
grant under this subsection may include— 
(A) research on the magnitude and dis-
tribution of fatal and nonfatal violence; 
(B) research on risk and protective factors; 
(C) research on the design, development, 
implementation, and evaluation of interventions 
for preventing and responding to violence; 
(D) research on scaling up effective inter-
ventions; and 
(E) one or more interdisciplinary research 
centers to conduct violence research, foster new 
and expanded collaborations, and support ca-
pacity building activities to increase the number 
and diversity of new researchers trained in 
cross-disciplinary violence research. 
(h) 
SOCIAL, 
BEHAVIORAL, 
AND
ECONOMIC 
SCIENCES.—The Director shall— 
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(1) actively communicate opportunities and so-
licit proposals for social, behavioral, and economic 
science researchers to participate in cross-cutting 
and interdisciplinary programs, including the Con-
vergence Accelerator and Big Ideas activities, and 
the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure program; and 
(2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic 
science researchers are represented on relevant merit 
review panels for such activities. 
(i) FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.—The Direc-
tor shall award grants on a competitive basis to institu-
tions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to— 
(1) support research to significantly advance 
our understanding of the food-energy-water system 
through quantitative and computational modeling, 
including support for relevant cyberinfrastructure; 
(2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces 
that improve understanding of the behavior of food- 
energy-water systems and increase decision support 
capability; 
(3) support research that will lead to innovative 
solutions to critical food-energy-water system prob-
lems; and 
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(4) grow the scientific workforce capable of 
studying and managing the food-energy-water sys-
tem, through education and other professional devel-
opment. 
(j) SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDU-
CATION.—In accordance with section 263 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Di-
rector shall carry out activities in support of sustainable 
chemistry, including— 
(1) establishing a program to award grants, on 
a competitive basis, to institutions of higher edu-
cation or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
such institutions or organizations) to support— 
(A) individual investigators and teams of 
investigators, including to the extent prac-
ticable, early career investigators for research 
and development; 
(B) collaborative research and development 
partnerships among universities, industry, and 
non-profit organizations; and 
(C) integrating sustainable chemistry prin-
ciples 
into 
elementary, 
secondary, 
under-
graduate, and graduate chemistry and chemical 
engineering curriculum and research training, 
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as appropriate to that level of education and 
training; and 
(2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into ex-
isting Foundation research and development pro-
grams. 
(k) RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.—The Direc-
tor shall award grants on a competitive basis to institu-
tions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance 
knowledge of risk assessment and predictability and to 
support the creation of tools and technologies for in-
creased resilience through— 
(1) improvements in our ability to understand, 
model, and predict extreme events and natural haz-
ards, including pandemics; 
(2) the creation of novel engineered systems so-
lutions for resilient infrastructures, particularly 
those that leverage the growing infusion of cyber- 
physical-social components into the infrastructures; 
and 
(3) research on the behaviors individuals and 
communities engage in to detect, predict, assess, 
mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and in-
crease resilience. 
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(l) LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL EXPERTISE IN RE-
SEARCH.—The Director shall explore and advance oppor-
tunities for leveraging international capabilities and re-
sources that align with the Foundation and United States 
research community priorities and have the potential to 
benefit United States prosperity, security, health, and 
well-being, including by sending teams of Foundation sci-
entific staff for site visits of scientific facilities and agen-
cies in other countries. 
(m) BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLECTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall continue 
to support databases, tools, methods, and other ac-
tivities that secure and improve existing physical and 
digital biological research collections, improve the ac-
cessibility of collections and collection-related data 
for research and educational purposes, develop ca-
pacity for curation and collection management, and 
to transfer ownership of collections that are signifi-
cant to the biological research community, including 
to museums and universities. 
(2) SPECIMEN MANAGEMENT PLAN.—The Di-
rector shall require that every proposal for funding 
for research that involves collecting or generating 
specimens include a specimen management plan that 
includes a description of how the specimens and as-
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