H. R. 7776—1193 
Year 2023, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall establish an office within 
a component of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, or within 
a joint organization of the Department of Defense and the 
Office of the Director of National Intelligence, to carry out 
the duties of the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force, 
as in effect on December 26, 2021, and such other duties 
as are required by this section, including those pertaining to 
unidentified anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(2) DESIGNATION.—The office established under paragraph 
(1) shall be known as the ‘All-domain Anomaly Resolution 
Office’ (in this section referred to as the ‘Office’). 
‘‘(b) DIRECTOR AND DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE.— 
‘‘(1) APPOINTMENT OF DIRECTOR.—The head of the Office 
shall be the Director of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution 
Office (in this section referred to as the ‘Director of the Office’), 
who shall be appointed by the Secretary of Defense in consulta-
tion with the Director of National Intelligence. 
‘‘(2) APPOINTMENT
OF
DEPUTY
DIRECTOR.—The Deputy 
Director of the Office shall be appointed by the Director of 
National Intelligence in coordination with the Secretary of 
Defense. 
‘‘(3) REPORTING.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The Director of the Office shall 
report directly to the Deputy Secretary of Defense and 
the Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence. 
‘‘(B) ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATIONAL AND SECURITY 
MATTERS.—The Director of the Office shall report— 
‘‘(i) to the Under Secretary of Defense for Intel-
ligence and Security on all administrative matters of 
the Office; and 
‘‘(ii) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense and the 
Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence on 
all operational and security matters of the Office. 
‘‘(c) DUTIES.—The duties of the Office shall include the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(1) Developing procedures to synchronize and standardize 
the collection, reporting, and analysis of incidents, including 
adverse physiological effects, regarding unidentified anomalous 
phenomena across the Department of Defense and the intel-
ligence community, in coordination with the Director of 
National Intelligence, which shall be provided to the congres-
sional defense committees, the congressional intelligence 
committees, and congressional leadership. 
‘‘(2) Developing processes and procedures to ensure that 
such incidents from each component of the Department and 
each element of the intelligence community are reported and 
stored in an appropriate manner that allows for the integration 
of analysis of such information. 
‘‘(3) Establishing procedures to require the timely and con-
sistent reporting of such incidents. 
‘‘(4) Evaluating links between unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena and adversarial foreign governments, other foreign 
governments, or nonstate actors. 
‘‘(5) Evaluating the threat that such incidents present to 
the United States.
H. R. 7776—1194 
‘‘(6) Coordinating with other departments and agencies of 
the Federal Government, as appropriate, including the Federal 
Aviation Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, the Department of Homeland Security, the 
National 
Oceanic 
and 
Atmospheric 
Administration, 
the 
National Science Foundation, and the Department of Energy. 
‘‘(7) As appropriate, and in coordination with the Secretary 
of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of National 
Intelligence, consulting with allies and partners of the United 
States to better assess the nature and extent of unidentified 
anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(8) Preparing reports for Congress, in both classified and 
unclassified form, including under subsection (j). 
‘‘(d) RESPONSE TO AND FIELD INVESTIGATIONS OF UNIDENTIFIED 
ANOMALOUS PHENOMENA.— 
‘‘(1) DESIGNATION.—The Secretary of Defense and the 
Director of National Intelligence shall jointly designate from 
within their respective organizations an official, to be under 
the direction of the Director of the Office, responsible for 
ensuring the appropriate expertise, authorities, accesses, data, 
systems, platforms, and capabilities are available for the rapid 
response to, and support for, the conduct of field investigations 
of incidents involving unidentified anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(2) ABILITY TO RESPOND.—The Secretary of Defense and 
the Director of National Intelligence shall ensure field inves-
tigations are supported by personnel with the requisite exper-
tise, equipment, transportation, and other resources necessary 
to respond rapidly to incidents or patterns of observations 
involving unidentified anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(e) SCIENTIFIC, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND OPERATIONAL ANALYSES 
OF DATA ON UNIDENTIFIED ANOMALOUS PHENOMENA.— 
‘‘(1) DESIGNATION.—The Secretary of Defense, in coordina-
tion with the Director of National Intelligence, shall designate 
one or more line organizations that will be primarily responsible 
for scientific, technical, and operational analysis of data gath-
ered by field investigations conducted pursuant to subsection 
(d) and data from other sources, including with respect to 
the testing of materials, medical studies, and development of 
theoretical models, to better understand and explain unidenti-
fied anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(2) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Defense and the 
Director of National Intelligence shall each issue such directives 
as are necessary to ensure that each line organization des-
ignated under paragraph (1) has authority to draw on the 
special expertise of persons outside the Federal Government 
with appropriate security clearances. 
‘‘(f) DATA; INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION.— 
‘‘(1) AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND REPORTING ON UNIDENTIFIED 
ANOMALOUS PHENOMENA.— 
‘‘(A) AVAILABILITY OF DATA.—The Director of National 
Intelligence, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, 
shall ensure that each element of the intelligence commu-
nity with data relating to unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena makes such data available immediately to the 
Office. 
‘‘(B) REPORTING.—The Director of National Intelligence 
and the Secretary of Defense shall each, in coordination
H. R. 7776—1195 
with one another, ensure that military and civilian per-
sonnel of the Department of Defense or an element of 
the intelligence community, and contractor personnel of 
the Department or such an element, have access to proce-
dures by which the personnel shall report incidents or 
information, 
including 
adverse 
physiological 
effects, 
involving or associated with unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena directly to the Office. 
‘‘(2) INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS PLAN.—The 
Director of the Office, acting in coordination with the Secretary 
of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall 
supervise the development and execution of an intelligence 
collection and analysis plan to gain as much knowledge as 
possible regarding the technical and operational characteristics, 
origins, and intentions of unidentified anomalous phenomena, 
including with respect to the development, acquisition, deploy-
ment, and operation of technical collection capabilities nec-
essary to detect, identify, and scientifically characterize 
unidentified anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(3) USE OF RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES.—In developing 
the plan under paragraph (2), the Director of the Office shall 
consider and propose, as appropriate, the use of any resource, 
capability, asset, or process of the Department and the intel-
ligence community. 
‘‘(g) SCIENCE PLAN.—The Director of the Office, on behalf of 
the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, 
shall supervise the development and execution of a science plan 
to develop and test, as practicable, scientific theories to— 
‘‘(1) account for characteristics and performance of unidenti-
fied anomalous phenomena that exceed the known state of 
the art in science or technology, including in the areas of 
propulsion, aerodynamic control, signatures, structures, mate-
rials, sensors, countermeasures, weapons, electronics, and 
power generation; and 
‘‘(2) provide the foundation for potential future investments 
to replicate or otherwise better understand any such advanced 
characteristics and performance. 
‘‘(h) ASSIGNMENT OF PRIORITY.—The Director of National Intel-
ligence, in consultation with and with the recommendation of the 
Secretary of Defense, shall assign an appropriate level of priority 
within the National Intelligence Priorities Framework to the 
requirement to understand, characterize, and respond to unidenti-
fied anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(i) DETAILEES FROM ELEMENTS OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMU-
NITY.—The heads of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense 
Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Department 
of Energy, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, the intel-
ligence elements of the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, the Marine 
Corps, and the Coast Guard, the Department of Homeland Security, 
and such other elements of the intelligence community as the 
Director of the Office considers appropriate may provide to the 
Office a detailee of the element to be physically located at the 
Office. 
‘‘(j) HISTORICAL RECORD REPORT.— 
‘‘(1) REPORT REQUIRED.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 540 days after the 
date of the enactment of the Intelligence Authorization
H. R. 7776—1196 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023, the Director of the Office shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees, the 
congressional intelligence committees, and congressional 
leadership a written report detailing the historical record 
of the United States Government relating to unidentified 
anomalous phenomena, including— 
‘‘(i) the records and documents of the intelligence 
community; 
‘‘(ii) oral history interviews; 
‘‘(iii) open source analysis; 
‘‘(iv) interviews of current and former Government 
officials; 
‘‘(v) classified and unclassified national archives 
including any records any third party obtained pursu-
ant to section 552 of title 5, United States Code; and 
‘‘(vi) such other relevant historical sources as the 
Director of the Office considers appropriate. 
‘‘(B) OTHER
REQUIREMENTS.—The report submitted 
under subparagraph (A) shall— 
‘‘(i) focus on the period beginning on January 1, 
1945, and ending on the date on which the Director 
of the Office completes activities under this subsection; 
and 
‘‘(ii) include a compilation and itemization of the 
key historical record of the involvement of the intel-
ligence community with unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena, including— 
‘‘(I) any program or activity that was protected 
by restricted access that has not been explicitly 
and clearly reported to Congress; 
‘‘(II) successful or unsuccessful efforts to iden-
tify and track unidentified anomalous phenomena; 
and 
‘‘(III) any efforts to obfuscate, manipulate 
public opinion, hide, or otherwise provide incorrect 
unclassified 
or 
classified 
information 
about 
unidentified anomalous phenomena or related 
activities. 
‘‘(2) ACCESS TO RECORDS OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND 
RECORDS ADMINISTRATION.—The Archivist of the United States 
shall make available to the Office such information maintained 
by the National Archives and Records Administration, including 
classified information, as the Director of the Office considers 
necessary to carry out paragraph (1). 
‘‘(k) ANNUAL REPORTS.— 
‘‘(1) REPORTS FROM DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 
AND SECRETARY OF DEFENSE.— 
‘‘(A) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of the Intelligence Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2023, and annually thereafter for four 
years, the Director of National Intelligence and the Sec-
retary of Defense shall jointly submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on unidentified anoma-
lous phenomena. 
‘‘(B) 
ELEMENTS.—Each 
report 
submitted 
under 
subparagraph (A) shall include, with respect to the year 
covered by the report, the following information:
H. R. 7776—1197 
‘‘(i) All reported unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena-related events that occurred during the one- 
year period. 
‘‘(ii) All reported unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena-related events that occurred during a period 
other than that one-year period but were not included 
in an earlier report. 
‘‘(iii) An analysis of data and intelligence received 
through each reported unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena-related event. 
‘‘(iv) An analysis of data relating to unidentified 
anomalous phenomena collected through— 
‘‘(I) geospatial intelligence; 
‘‘(II) signals intelligence; 
‘‘(III) human intelligence; and 
‘‘(IV) measurement and signature intelligence. 
‘‘(v) The number of reported incidents of unidenti-
fied anomalous phenomena over restricted airspace of 
the United States during the one-year period. 
‘‘(vi) An analysis of such incidents identified under 
clause (v). 
‘‘(vii) Identification of potential aerospace or other 
threats posed by unidentified anomalous phenomena 
to the national security of the United States. 
‘‘(viii) An assessment of any activity regarding 
unidentified anomalous phenomena that can be attrib-
uted to one or more adversarial foreign governments. 
‘‘(ix) Identification of any incidents or patterns 
regarding unidentified anomalous phenomena that 
indicate a potential adversarial foreign government 
may have achieved a breakthrough aerospace capa-
bility. 
‘‘(x) An update on the coordination by the United 
States with allies and partners on efforts to track, 
understand, and address unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena. 
‘‘(xi) An update on any efforts underway on the 
ability to capture or exploit discovered unidentified 
anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(xii) An assessment of any health-related effects 
for individuals that have encountered unidentified 
anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(xiii) The number of reported incidents, and 
descriptions thereof, of unidentified anomalous phe-
nomena associated with military nuclear assets, 
including strategic nuclear weapons and nuclear-pow-
ered ships and submarines. 
‘‘(xiv) In consultation with the Administrator for 
Nuclear Security, the number of reported incidents, 
and descriptions thereof, of unidentified anomalous 
phenomena associated with facilities or assets associ-
ated with the production, transportation, or storage 
of nuclear weapons or components thereof. 
‘‘(xv) In consultation with the Chairman of the 
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the number of 
reported 
incidents, 
and 
descriptions 
thereof, 
of 
unidentified anomalous phenomena or drones of
H. R. 7776—1198 
unknown origin associated with nuclear power gener-
ating stations, nuclear fuel storage sites, or other sites 
or facilities regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory 
Commission. 
‘‘(xvi) The names of the line organizations that 
have been designated to perform the specific functions 
under subsections (d) and (e), and the specific functions 
for which each such line organization has been 
assigned primary responsibility. 
‘‘(xvii) A summary of the reports received using 
the mechanism for authorized reporting established 
under section 1673 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Year 2023. 
‘‘(2) FORM.—Each report submitted under paragraph (1) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
classified annex. 
‘‘(l) SEMIANNUAL BRIEFINGS.— 
‘‘(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than December 31, 2022, 
and not less frequently than semiannually thereafter until 
December 31, 2026, the Director of the Office shall provide 
to the appropriate congressional committees classified briefings 
on unidentified anomalous phenomena. 
‘‘(2) FIRST
BRIEFING.—The first briefing provided under 
paragraph (1) shall include all incidents involving unidentified 
anomalous phenomena that were reported to the Unidentified 
Aerial Phenomena Task Force or to the Office established under 
subsection (a) after June 24, 2021, regardless of the date of 
occurrence of the incident. 
‘‘(3) SUBSEQUENT BRIEFINGS.—Each briefing provided sub-
sequent to the first briefing described in paragraph (2) shall 
include, at a minimum, all events relating to unidentified 
anomalous phenomena that occurred during the previous 180 
days, and events relating to unidentified anomalous phenomena 
that were not included in an earlier briefing. 
‘‘(4) INSTANCES IN WHICH DATA WAS NOT SHARED.—For each 
briefing period, the Director of the Office shall jointly provide 
to the chairman or chair and the ranking member or vice 
chairman of the congressional committees specified in subpara-
graphs (A) and (D) of subsection (n)(1) an enumeration of 
any instances in which data relating to unidentified anomalous 
phenomena was not provided to the Office because of classifica-
tion restrictions on that data or for any other reason. 
‘‘(m) TASK FORCE TERMINATION.—Not later than the date on 
which the Secretary of Defense establishes the Office under sub-
section (a), the Secretary shall terminate the Unidentified Aerial 
Phenomena Task Force. 
‘‘(n) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES.—The term 
‘appropriate congressional committees’ means the following: 
‘‘(A) The Committees on Armed Services of the Senate 
and the House of Representatives. 
‘‘(B) The Committees on Appropriations of the Senate 
and the House of Representatives. 
‘‘(C) The Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives.
H. R. 7776—1199 
‘‘(D) The Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate 
and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of 
the House of Representatives. 
‘‘(E) The Committee on Homeland Security and Govern-
mental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Home-
land Security of the House of Representatives. 
‘‘(F) The Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives. 
‘‘(2) CONGRESSIONAL
DEFENSE
COMMITTEES.—The term 
‘congressional defense committees’ has the meaning given such 
term in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code. 
‘‘(3) CONGRESSIONAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES.—The term 
‘congressional intelligence committees’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 
(50 U.S.C. 3003). 
‘‘(4) CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP.—The term ‘congressional 
leadership’ means— 
‘‘(A) the majority leader of the Senate; 
‘‘(B) the minority leader of the Senate; 
‘‘(C) the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and 
‘‘(D) the minority leader of the House of Representa-
tives. 
‘‘(5) INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The term ‘intelligence 
community’ has the meaning given such term in section 3 
of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 
‘‘(6) LINE
ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘line organization’ 
means, with respect to a department or agency of the Federal 
Government, an organization that executes programs and 
activities to directly advance the core functions and missions 
of the department or agency to which the organization is 
subordinate, but, with respect to the Department of Defense, 
does not include a component of the Office of the Secretary 
of Defense. 
‘‘(7) 
TRANSMEDIUM
OBJECTS
OR
DEVICES.—The 
term 
‘transmedium objects or devices’ means objects or devices that 
are— 
‘‘(A) observed to transition between space and the 
atmosphere, or between the atmosphere and bodies of 
water; and 
‘‘(B) not immediately identifiable. 
‘‘(8) UNIDENTIFIED
ANOMALOUS
PHENOMENA.—The term 
‘unidentified anomalous phenomena’ means— 
‘‘(A) airborne objects that are not immediately identifi-
able; 
‘‘(B) transmedium objects or devices; and 
‘‘(C) submerged objects or devices that are not imme-
diately identifiable and that display behavior or perform-
ance characteristics suggesting that the objects or devices 
may be related to the objects described in subparagraph 
(A).’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents in section 
2(b) of such Act is amended by striking the item relating to section 
1683 of division A and inserting the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 1683. Establishment of All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office.’’.
H. R. 7776—1200 
SEC. 6803. COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES AUDITS 
AND BRIEFINGS ON UNIDENTIFIED ANOMALOUS PHE-
NOMENA HISTORICAL RECORD REPORT. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms ‘‘congressional 
leadership’’ and ‘‘Office’’ have the meanings given such terms in 
section 1683 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2022 (50 U.S.C. 3373), as amended by section 6802. 
(b) AUDIT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall identify appropriately cleared personnel 
of the Government Accountability Office to audit the historical 
record report process described in section 1683 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (50 U.S.C. 
3373), as amended by section 6802, including personnel to 
conduct work on-site as appropriate. 
(2) PROVISION OF INFORMATION.—On a quarterly basis, and 
as appropriate and consistent with Government Auditing 
Standards, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
provide the Office with information on the findings of any 
audits conducted by the personnel identified under paragraph 
(1). 
(c) VERBAL BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and semiannually thereafter, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall verbally brief the 
congressional intelligence committees, the congressional defense 
committees, and congressional leadership on the progress of the 
Office with respect to the historical record report described in 
section 1683 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2022 (50 U.S.C. 3373), as amended by section 6802, and 
compliance with legislative requirements. 
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to restrict access of a committee of Congress under section 
719(f) of title 31, United States Code, to an audit under subsection 
(b). 
SEC. 6804. REPORT ON PRECURSOR CHEMICALS USED IN THE PRODUC-
TION OF SYNTHETIC OPIOIDS. 
(a) DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ 
means— 
(1) the congressional intelligence committees; 
(2) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee on 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the Committee 
on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
the Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee on 
Homeland Security, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Appro-
priations of the House of Representatives. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on licit precursor chemicals originating abroad, including in the 
People’s Republic of China and any other country the Director
H. R. 7776—1201 
considers appropriate, that are bound for use in the illicit production 
of synthetic opioids intended for distribution in the United States. 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The report submitted under subsection 
(b) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
classified annex produced consistent with the protection of sources 
and methods. 
SEC. 6805. ASSESSMENT AND REPORT ON MASS MIGRATION IN THE 
WESTERN HEMISPHERE. 
(a) DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ 
means— 
(1) the congressional intelligence committees; 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee 
on the Judiciary, the Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs, and the Committee on Appropriations 
of the Senate; and 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
the Judiciary, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence 
shall assess, and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
a report on— 
(1) the threats to the interests of the United States created 
or enhanced by, or associated with, the mass migration of 
people within the Western Hemisphere, particularly to the 
southern border of the United States; and 
(2) the use of or the threat of using mass migration in 
the Western Hemisphere by the regimes of Daniel Ortega in 
Nicaragua, Nicola´s Maduro in Venezuela, and the regime of 
Miguel Dı´az-Canel and Rau´l Castro in Cuba— 
(A) to effectively curate populations so that people 
who remain in those countries are powerless to meaning-
fully dissent; and 
(B) to enable the increase of remittances from migrants 
residing in the United States as a result of the mass 
migration to help finance the regimes in Nicaragua, Ven-
ezuela, and Cuba. 
(c) FORM OF REPORT.—The report submitted under subsection 
(b) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
classified annex. 
SEC. 6806. REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL NORMS, RULES, AND PRIN-
CIPLES APPLICABLE IN SPACE. 
(a) DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.— 
In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ 
means— 
(1) the congressional intelligence committees; 
(2) the congressional defense committees; 
(3) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate; and 
(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology, and the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce of the House of Representatives. 
(b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Chair of the National Space Council,