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retary for Emergency Preparedness and Response 
under subsection (d), including the development or 
enhancement of— 
‘‘(A) emergency operations centers; 
‘‘(B) processes and facilities for informa-
tion sharing among different levels and first re-
sponder units; and 
‘‘(C) communications capabilities within 
individual firehouses, police precincts, or other 
centers of emergency operation. 
‘‘(b) STANDARD
OF BASIC PREPAREDNESS.—Not 
later than September 30, 2005, the Under Secretary for 
Emergency Preparedness and Response shall establish a 
standard of basic preparedness for local first responders, 
which shall provide for maximum State flexibility. 
‘‘(c) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary may 
award need-based, competitive grants to States and units 
of local government to be used for basic personal equip-
ment and communications enhancement needed to per-
form their disaster response, mitigation, and recovery mis-
sions. 
‘‘(d) APPLICATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each eligible entity desir-
ing a grant under this section shall submit an appli-
cation to the Under Secretary for Emergency Pre-
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paredness and Response at such time, in such man-
ner, and containing such information, including the 
safety and communications equipment to be pur-
chased with grant funds, as the Under Secretary 
may reasonably require. 
‘‘(2) PRIORITY.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary 
shall give the highest priority to applicants 
demonstrating the greatest need for basic per-
sonal equipment and communication enhance-
ments when compared to the standard of basic 
preparedness established under subsection (d). 
‘‘(B) INTERIM PRIORITY.—Until a stand-
ard of basic preparedness is established under 
subsection (d), the Secretary shall give highest 
priority to applicants that demonstrate the 
greatest need for basic personal equipment and 
communication enhancements when compared 
to the standard under consideration. 
‘‘(3) EVALUATION PLANS.—The Secretary shall 
use evaluation plans under consideration to help de-
termine which applicants will receive grants under 
this section. 
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated, for each of fiscal years
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2005 through 2007, such sums as may be necessary to 
carry out this section, which shall remain available until 
expended.’’. 
SEC. 4. SAFE SCHOOLS THROUGH MENTAL HEALTH PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—Subpart 2 of part A of 
title IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7131 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 4131. MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS. 
‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to 
provide grants to States and local educational agencies— 
‘‘(1) to prepare for and respond to disasters or 
terrorism in or impacting schools; 
‘‘(2) to prevent avoidable disasters, such as in- 
school or school-related violence; 
‘‘(3) to establish community-sustainable mental 
health programs in schools; and 
‘‘(4) to train school personnel on mental health 
issues, including disaster and terrorism prevention, 
response, and mitigation. 
‘‘(b) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
‘‘(1) Schools occupy a unique place in the com-
munity. In addition to their main mission of edu-
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cating children, they serve a public education role 
and a role in community organization. 
‘‘(2) Schools have new responsibilities in the 
homeland security era and in terms of disaster re-
sponse. Schools often serve as community meeting 
places, centers of operation for disaster response, 
and shelters, and have a place in preventing some 
disasters from happening. Schools may also be called 
upon to fill novel roles in the case of a disaster, such 
as keeping children safe after normal school hours. 
‘‘(3) Some disasters, such as in-school violence, 
are largely preventable. Mental health professionals 
in schools may be able to anticipate and prevent 
school-related disasters and are better positioned to 
mitigate disaster effects. 
‘‘(4) After any disaster, people benefit from re-
turning to their normal routine to whatever extent 
possible. Schools may be in the position to mitigate 
disaster-related stress. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘eligible 
entity’ means a public school or a local educational agency. 
‘‘(d) SAFE SCHOOLS THROUGH MENTAL HEALTH 
PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—From funds made 
available to carry out this subpart under section
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4003(2), the Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
entities to pay the Federal share of the cost of car-
rying out the activities described in paragraph (3). 
‘‘(2) APPLICATION.—An eligible entity that de-
sires to receive a grant under this subsection shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, 
in such manner, and accompanied by such informa-
tion as the Secretary may require, including a cer-
tification that the eligible entity will provide the nec-
essary State or local funding to continue the activi-
ties initiated with the grant during the 5-year period 
beginning on the date on which such grant is award-
ed. 
‘‘(3) USES OF FUNDS.—An eligible entity that 
receives a grant under this subsection may use the 
grant funds to— 
‘‘(A) train elementary school and sec-
ondary school teachers, administrators, and 
other professionals to— 
‘‘(i) identify and prevent avoidable 
disasters; and 
‘‘(ii) assist children in dealing with 
the aftermath of terrorism and disasters or 
other mental health issues;
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‘‘(B) provide for school-based mental 
health professionals to offer services in elemen-
tary and secondary schools; 
‘‘(C) provide mental health services to ele-
mentary and secondary school students who 
face, or have faced, disciplinary action, includ-
ing students who have been suspended or ex-
pelled from school. 
‘‘(4) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of 
the cost of carrying out the activities under para-
graph (3) shall be not more than— 
‘‘(A) 80 percent of the total cost of such 
activities, in the first year of the grant award; 
‘‘(B) 60 percent of the total cost of such 
activities, in the second year of the grant 
award; 
‘‘(C) 40 percent of the total cost of such 
activities, in the third year of the grant award; 
‘‘(D) 20 percent of the total cost of such 
activities, in the fourth year of the grant award; 
and 
‘‘(E) 0 percent of the total cost of such ac-
tivities, in the fifth year of the grant award. 
‘‘(5) STATE AND LOCAL FUNDING.—If an eligi-
ble entity receiving a grant under this subsection
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fails to provide sufficient State or local funding, in 
accordance with paragraph (4), the eligible entity 
shall be subject to a penalty up to the amount re-
ceived under this subsection, as determined by the 
Secretary, which shall be payable to the United 
States Treasury. 
‘‘(e) SCHOOL-BASED DISASTER MITIGATION RE-
FUND PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—From funds made 
available to carry out this subpart under section 
4003(2), the Secretary, in an emergency declared by 
the President under title V of the Robert T. Stafford 
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 501 et seq.), shall award grants to eligible 
entities to pay the Federal share of the cost of car-
rying out the activities described in paragraph (3). 
‘‘(2) APPLICATION.—An eligible entity that de-
sires to receive a grant under this subsection shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, 
in such manner, and accompanied by such informa-
tion as the Secretary may require. 
‘‘(3) USE OF FUNDS.—An eligible entity that 
receives a grant under this subsection shall use the 
grant funds to reimburse elementary and secondary 
schools for costs incurred by such schools—
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‘‘(A) during a disaster response; and 
‘‘(B) for in-school mental health counseling 
for a period of 13 months beginning on the date 
of the disaster.’’. 
(b) FEDERAL EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE.—Section 
502(a) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5192(a)) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(2) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(8) 
provide financial assistance to affected State and 
local governments for school-based community men-
tal health counseling.’’. 
SEC. 5. HOMELAND SECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Department of Homeland Security is 
responsible for funding the intramural and extra-
mural research and development to address the De-
partment’s scientific and technological needs and re-
quirements.
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(2) Funding has been appropriated to the De-
partment of Homeland Security to carry out signifi-
cant levels of scientific development, and this fund-
ing will likely increase in the future. 
(3) Terrorist threats against the United States 
are not restricted to a single geographic area, ter-
rorist group, or method of threat. Undefended bor-
ders make terrorist attacks possible in places that 
have never had to prepare for, or respond to, ter-
rorism. 
(4) Every State must be prepared for disasters 
and will incur costs associated with homeland secu-
rity. 
(5) States experience varying levels of potential 
homeland security threats and homeland security 
concerns vary geographically. Addressing these 
threats requires regional and local expertise, thus 
the scientific and technological workforce and train-
ing should not be overly centralized. 
(6) Academic research and development funding 
has not been distributed equitably in the past. Con-
gress has taken steps to resolve this problem. Cor-
recting this inequity will provide beneficial results 
for science and technology training and research.
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(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to es-
tablish a competitive grant program for homeland security 
research and development. 
(c) HOMELAND SECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT GRANT PROGRAM.—Title III of the Homeland Se-
curity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 314. COMPETITIVE RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary, in consulta-
tion with the Under Secretary for Science and Technology, 
shall establish a Homeland Security Competitive Research 
Grant Program (referred to in this section as the ‘Pro-
gram’) to more equitably distribute Federal research and 
development funds by awarding competitive grants to uni-
versities and colleges in eligible States to conduct research 
projects relating to homeland security. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE STATES.—During fiscal years 2005 
and 2006, colleges and universities located in States and 
territories that qualify for the National Science Founda-
tion’s EPSCoR program or the National Institutes of 
Health IDeA program shall be eligible for funding under 
the Program. 
‘‘(c) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Under Secretary for 
Science and Technology shall—
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‘‘(1) ensure that not less than 15 percent of the 
Department’s overall academic research funding is 
allocated to universities and colleges in eligible 
States; 
‘‘(2) establish a cofunding mechanism for 
States with academic facilities that have not fully 
developed security-related science and technology to 
support burgeoning research efforts by the faculty or 
link them to established investigators; 
‘‘(3) provide for conferences, workshops, out-
reach, and technical assistance to researchers and 
academic institutions in eligible States on topics re-
lated to developing science and technology expertise 
in areas of high interest and relevance to the De-
partment; 
‘‘(4) monitor the efforts of States to develop 
programs that support the Department’s mission; 
‘‘(5) implement a merit review program, con-
sistent with program objectives, to ensure the qual-
ity of research conducted with Program funding; and 
‘‘(6) provide annual reports on the progress and 
achievements of the Program to the Secretary. 
‘‘(d) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 15 of 
each year, the Under Secretary for Science and Tech-
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nology shall submit a report to Congress on the implemen-
tation of the Program. 
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated— 
‘‘(1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2005 to carry 
out subsection (c)(3); and 
‘‘(2) such sums as may be necessary for fiscal 
year 2006 to carry out this section.’’. 
SEC. 6. HOMELAND SECURITY RESEARCH EXPANSION 
GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The Department of Homeland Security 
should fund research, which explores the innovative 
human dimensions of homeland security. 
(2) Infrastructure and transportation systems, 
and the systems designed to protect them, are only 
as effective as their operators and users. 
(3) Because communication before, during, and 
after disasters is critical, the understanding of be-
havioral, psychological, and social sciences in pro-
moting effective communications with homeland se-
curity goals in mind is vital to the department’s mis-
sion. 
(4) Several areas of social science are relevant 
to homeland security, including—
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(A) theories and data regarding threat 
communication and the psychological impacts of 
such threats; 
(B) citizen response to disaster; 
(C) group behavior in response to a threat 
or actual disaster; 
(D) theories and data about the impact of 
sustained attention and vigilance on reasoning; 
and 
(E) risk analysis and decision-making and 
their application to homeland security. 
(5) Since the primary goal of terrorism is to 
disrupt social systems, the Department of Homeland 
Security should support research on how attitudes 
and beliefs about terrorism impact— 
(A) consumer confidence; 
(B) population mobility; 
(C) decisions about childcare; 
(D) job behaviors; and 
(E) attitudes toward immigrants, political 
institutions, and leaders. 
(6) Homeland security efforts would benefit 
from research on— 
(A) the selection, management, and train-
ing of security personnel and first responders;
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(B) the impact of stereotyping and 
marginalization of groups; 
(C) hate crimes; 
(D) the emergence and maintenance of 
fundamentalist, extremist, and antigovernment 
groups within the United States; and 
(E) protection against the acts inspired by 
the groups described in subparagraph (D). 
(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to es-
tablish a program to award research grants to examine 
the social dimensions of terrorism. 
(c) RESEARCH EXPANSION GRANTS.—Title III of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), 
as amended by section 5, is further amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 315. RESEARCH EXPANSION GRANTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall award re-
search grants to colleges and universities to— 
‘‘(1) analyze group dynamics during periods of 
extreme stress, including how first responders— 
‘‘(A) react during such periods; 
‘‘(B) can be inoculated to stress; and 
‘‘(C) can help mitigate the stress and so-
cial disruption that often accompanies emer-
gency situations;
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‘‘(2) analyze the social and cultural factors that 
may affect the performance of first responder 
groups; 
‘‘(3) expand human factors research to all other 
modes of transportation including the use of infra-
structure and transportation systems under evacu-
ation circumstances; 
‘‘(4) develop and demonstrate compliance with 
operability standards for new technologies designed 
by human factors experts in conjunction with users; 
‘‘(5) examine the decision making of voluntary 
first responders under extended periods of disaster, 
including whether volunteer first responders would 
report to their primary jobs or their first responder 
positions if simultaneously called to both; and 
‘‘(6) understand how the Homeland Security 
Advisory System operates as a useful communication 
tool for citizens. 
‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—Each college and university de-
siring a grant under this section shall submit an applica-
tion to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Secretary may reason-
ably require. 
‘‘(c) ANNUAL REPORTS.—
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‘‘(1) REPORT TO SECRETARY.—Grant recipients 
shall submit an annual report to the Secretary con-
taining specific research findings that may be used 
to improve emergency preparedness and response ef-
forts. 
‘‘(2) REPORT
TO
CONGRESS.—The Secretary 
shall submit an annual report to Congress on the 
grant program authorized by this section. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated $40,000,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2005 through 2007.’’. 
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