212 
in collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Com-
puting Research program described in section 606, 
shall carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use 
high-resolution regional climate, global climate, 
Earth, and predictive models to inform decisions on 
reducing the impacts of changing climate. 
(6) INTEGRATED
ASSESSMENT
RESEARCH.—As 
part of the activities described in paragraph (1), the 
Director shall carry out research into options for 
mitigation of and adaptation to climate change 
through multiscale models of the entire climate sys-
tem. Such modeling shall include human processes 
and greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and inter-
action among human and Earth systems. 
(7) COORDINATION.—The Director shall coordi-
nate activities under this subsection with other Office 
of Science activities and with the United States Glob-
al Change Research Program. 
(d) USER FACILITIES AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out 
a program for the construction, operation, and main-
tenance of user facilities to support the program 
under this section. As practicable, these facilities shall 
serve the needs of the Department, industry, the aca-
demic community, and other relevant entities. 
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(2) INCLUDED
FUNCTIONS.—User facilities de-
scribed in paragraph (1) shall include facilities which 
carry out— 
(A) genome sequencing and analysis of 
plants, microbes, and microbial communities 
using high throughput tools, technologies, and 
comparative analysis; 
(B) molecular level research in biological, 
chemical, environmental, and subsurface sciences, 
including synthesis, dynamic properties, and 
interactions among natural and engineered ma-
terials; and 
(C) measurement of cloud and aerosol prop-
erties used for examining atmospheric processes 
and evaluating climate model performance, in-
cluding ground stations at various locations, mo-
bile resources, and aerial vehicles. 
SEC. 606. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH 
PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized 
under section 603, the Director shall carry out a research, 
development, demonstration, and commercial application 
program to advance computational and networking capa-
bilities to analyze, model, simulate, and predict complex 
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phenomena relevant to the development of new energy tech-
nologies and the competitiveness of the United States. 
(b) COORDINATION.— 
(1) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall carry out ac-
tivities under this section in accordance with prior-
ities established by the Department’s Under Secretary 
for Science to determine and meet the computational 
and networking research and facility needs of the Of-
fice of Science and all other relevant energy tech-
nology and energy efficiency programs within the De-
partment. 
(2) UNDER SECRETARY FOR SCIENCE.—The De-
partment’s Under Secretary for Science shall ensure 
the coordination of the activities of the Department, 
including activities under this section, to determine 
and meet the computational and networking research 
and facility needs of the Office of Science and all 
other relevant energy technology and energy efficiency 
programs within the Department. 
(c) RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ENERGY APPLICATIONS.— 
As part of the activities authorized under subsection (a), 
the program shall support research in high-performance 
computing and networking relevant to energy applications, 
including both basic and applied energy research programs 
carried out by the Secretary. 
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(d) REPORTS.— 
(1) ADVANCED COMPUTING FOR ENERGY APPLI-
CATIONS.—Not later than one year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to 
the Congress a plan to integrate and leverage the ex-
pertise and capabilities of the program described in 
subsection (a), as well as other relevant computa-
tional and networking research programs and re-
sources supported by the Federal Government, to ad-
vance the missions of the Department’s applied en-
ergy and energy efficiency programs. 
(2) EXASCALE COMPUTING.—At least 18 months 
prior to the initiation of construction or installation 
of any exascale-class computing facility, the Secretary 
shall transmit a plan to the Congress detailing— 
(A) the proposed facility’s cost projections 
and capabilities to significantly accelerate the 
development of new energy technologies; 
(B) technical risks and challenges that must 
be overcome to achieve successful completion and 
operation of the facility; and 
(C) an assessment of the scientific and tech-
nological advances expected from such a facility 
relative to those expected from a comparable in-
vestment in expanded research and applications 
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at terascale-class and petascale-class computing 
facilities. 
(e) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOP-
MENT FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS.—The Director 
shall carry out activities to develop, test, and support math-
ematics, models, and algorithms for complex systems, as 
well as programming environments, tools, languages, and 
operating systems for high-end computing systems (as de-
fined in section 2 of the Department of Energy High-End 
Computing Revitalization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5541)). 
(f) HIGH-END COMPUTING FACILITIES.—The Director 
shall— 
(1) provide for sustained access by the public 
and private research community in the United States 
to high-end computing systems, including access to 
the National Energy Research Scientific Computing 
Center and to Leadership Systems (as defined in sec-
tion 2 of the Department of Energy High-End Com-
puting Revitalization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5541)); 
(2) provide technical support for users of such 
systems; and 
(3) conduct research and development on next- 
generation computing architectures and platforms to 
support the missions of the Department. 
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