IV 
108TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. CON. RES. 174
Calling on the President to request former President Jimmy Carter, and 
members of the Carter Center, to assist the Office of Reconstruction 
and Humanitarian Assistance for Post-War Iraq (ORHA). 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 9, 2003
Mr. HASTINGS of Florida submitted the following concurrent resolution; which 
was referred to the Committee on International Relations 
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 
Calling on the President to request former President Jimmy 
Carter, and members of the Carter Center, to assist 
the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assist-
ance for Post-War Iraq (ORHA).
Whereas through the conduct of Operation Iraqi Freedom the 
United States Armed Forces have successfully toppled 
the Iraqi regime headed for more than two decades by 
Saddam Hussein; 
Whereas the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian As-
sistance for Post-War Iraq (ORHA) has been established 
to provide humanitarian assistance, reconstruction assist-
ance, and oversee the establishment of an interim govern-
ment in Iraq;
•HCON 174 IH 
Whereas the Director of ORHA, retired United States Army 
General Jay Garner, successfully led Operation Provide 
Comfort in 1991, the relief mission to feed and house 
hundreds of thousands of Kurdish refugees displaced 
after the Persian Gulf War; 
Whereas almost every government ministry in Baghdad, with 
the exception of the Oil Ministry, was bombed during Op-
eration Iraqi Freedom, and then looted and burned by 
Iraqis; 
Whereas electricity has not been fully restored in Baghdad 
since 1991, and water filtration plants are not up to 
modern standards; 
Whereas an assessment by the International Committee of 
the Red Cross noted that the hospitals in Iraq are ‘‘third 
world’’ status; 
Whereas in addition to the humanitarian and infrastructure 
challenges, ORHA must forge a peaceful, cooperative 
structure among Iraq’s political, religious, and ethnic fac-
tions to facilitate the establishment of an interim govern-
ment; 
Whereas the establishment by the United States of func-
tioning democracies in Germany and Japan after World 
War II demonstrated that the provision of humanitarian 
assistance, reconstruction assistance, and the establish-
ment of a cooperative, decentralized, and representative 
government must be undertaken simultaneously; 
Whereas cooperation by local leaders in Iraq with occupying 
United States forces will be crucial to the success of 
achieving the United States objectives in Iraq; 
Whereas the Iraqi people are not experienced in the principles 
inherent in self-government, however the Director of
•HCON 174 IH 
ORHA is not experienced in negotiating with disparate 
religions and ethnic factions; 
Whereas long-term peace in Iraq will require assistance from 
countries and organizations experienced in all aspects of 
nation-building; 
Whereas established in 1982 by former President Jimmy 
Carter, the Carter Center in the State of Georgia, is 
dedicated to promoting human rights, resolving conflicts, 
and enhancing freedom and democracy throughout the 
world; 
Whereas in 1989 former President Carter and members of 
the Carter Center provided a forum for negotiations be-
tween the Government of Ethiopia and the Eritrean Peo-
ple’s Liberation Front; 
Whereas in 1994 former President Carter, members of the 
Carter Center, and then retired Chairman of the Joint 
Chiefs of Staff, Colin Powell, negotiated the terms for the 
peaceful removal from power of Haiti’s de facto leaders, 
averting a multinational invasion of that country; 
Whereas in 1994 former President Carter and members of 
the Carter Center facilitated talks between Bosnia Mus-
lims and Serbs in the former Yugoslavia; 
Whereas from 1989 to 2000 former President Carter and 
members of the Carter Center monitored elections in 
Panama, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, 
Zambia, Guyana, Paraguay, Jamaica, East Timor, Mo-
zambique, and Mexico; 
Whereas in 1998 former President Carter received the first 
United Nations Human Rights Prize; and 
Whereas in 2002 former President Carter received the Nobel 
Peace Prize for ‘‘his decades of untiring efforts to find
•HCON 174 IH 
peaceful solutions to international conflicts’’: Now, there-
fore, be it
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 
concurring), That Congress—
(1) calls on the President to request former 
President Jimmy Carter, and members of the Carter 
Center, to assist the Office of Reconstruction and 
Humanitarian 
Assistance 
for 
Post-War 
Iraq 
(ORHA) to oversee the establishment of an interim 
government in Iraq; 
(2) calls on former President Carter to forge a 
peaceful, cooperative, structure among Iraq’s polit-
ical, religious, and ethnic factions to facilitate the es-
tablishment of an interim government in that coun-
try; and 
(3) calls on the Director of ORHA, retired 
United States Army General Jay Garner, to utilize 
the expertise and experience of former President 
Carter and the members of the Carter Center in the 
establishment of an interim government in Iraq.
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