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ceutical for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures or 
for research and development.’’. 
SEC. 3155. REPORT ON DISPOSITION OF EXPORTS. 
Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Com-
mission, after consulting with other relevant agencies, shall 
submit to the Congress a report detailing the current dis-
position of previous United States exports of highly en-
riched uranium used as fuel or targets in a nuclear research 
or test reactor, including— 
(1) their location; 
(2) whether they are irradiated; 
(3) whether they have been used for the purpose 
stated in their export license; 
(4) whether they have been used for an alter-
native purpose and, if so, whether such alternative 
purpose has been explicitly approved by the Commis-
sion; 
(5) the year of export, and reimportation, if ap-
plicable; 
(6) their current physical and chemical forms; 
and 
(7) whether they are being stored in a manner 
which adequately protects against theft and unauthor-
ized access. 
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SEC. 3156. DOMESTIC MEDICAL ISOTOPE PRODUCTION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 10 of the Atomic Energy 
Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2131 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 112. DOMESTIC MEDICAL ISOTOPE PRODUC-
TION.— 
‘‘a. The Commission may issue a license, or grant an 
amendment to an existing license, for the use in the United 
States of highly enriched uranium as a target for medical 
isotope production in a nuclear reactor, only if, in addition 
to any other requirement of this Act— 
‘‘(1) the Commission determines that— 
‘‘(A) there is no alternative medical isotope 
production target, enriched in the isotope U–235 
to less than 20 percent, that can be used in that 
reactor; and 
‘‘(B) the proposed recipient of the medical 
isotope production target has provided assur-
ances that, whenever an alternative medical iso-
tope production target can be used in that reac-
tor, it will use that alternative in lieu of highly 
enriched uranium; and 
‘‘(2) the Secretary of Energy has certified that 
the United States Government is actively supporting 
the development of an alternative medical isotope pro-
duction target that can be used in that reactor. 
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‘‘b. As used in this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘alternative medical isotope pro-
duction target’ means a nuclear reactor target which 
is enriched to less than 20 percent of the isotope U– 
235; 
‘‘(2) a target ‘can be used’ in a nuclear research 
or test reactor if— 
‘‘(A) the target has been qualified by the Re-
duced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor 
Program of the Department of Energy; and 
‘‘(B) use of the target will permit the large 
majority of ongoing and planned experiments 
and medical isotope production to be conducted 
in the reactor without a large percentage in-
crease in the total cost of operating the reactor; 
‘‘(3) the term ‘highly enriched uranium’ means 
uranium enriched to 20 percent or more in the iso-
tope U–235; and 
‘‘(4) the term ‘medical isotope’ includes molyb-
denum-99, iodine-131, xenon-133, and other radio-
active materials used to produce a radiopharma-
ceutical for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures or 
for research and development.’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 is amended by inserting 
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the following new item at the end of the items relating to 
chapter 10 of title I: 
‘‘Sec. 112. Domestic medical isotope production.’’. 
SEC. 3157. ANNUAL DEPARTMENT REPORTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 5 
years, the Secretary shall report to Congress on Department 
actions to support the production in the United States, 
without the use of highly enriched uranium, of molyb-
denum-99 for medical uses. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The reports shall include the fol-
lowing: 
(1) For medical isotope development projects— 
(A) the names of any recipients of Depart-
ment support under section 3143; 
(B) the amount of Department funding 
committed to each project; 
(C) the milestones expected to be reached for 
each project during the year for which support 
is provided; 
(D) how each project is expected to support 
the increased production of molybdenum-99 for 
medical uses; 
(E) the findings of the evaluation of projects 
under section 3143(a)(2); and 
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(F) the ultimate use of any Department 
funds used to support projects under section 
3143. 
(2) A description of actions taken in the previous 
year by the Secretary to ensure the safe disposition of 
spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste for which the 
Department is responsible under section 3143(c). 
SEC. 3158. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES REPORT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall enter into an 
arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences to con-
duct a study of the state of molybdenum-99 production and 
utilization, to be provided to Congress not later than 5 
years after the date of enactment of this Act. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The report shall include the following: 
(1) For molybdenum-99 production— 
(A) a list of all facilities in the world pro-
ducing molybdenum-99 for medical uses, includ-
ing an indication of whether these facilities use 
highly enriched uranium in any way; 
(B) a review of international production of 
molybdenum-99 over the previous 5 years, in-
cluding— 
(i) whether any new production was 
brought online; 
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(ii) whether any facilities halted pro-
duction unexpectedly; and 
(iii) whether any facilities used for 
production were decommissioned or other-
wise permanently removed from service; and 
(C) an assessment of progress made in the 
previous 5 years toward establishing domestic 
production of molybdenum-99 for medical uses, 
including the extent to which other medical iso-
topes that have been produced with molybdenum- 
99, such as iodine-131 and xenon-133, are being 
used for medical purposes. 
(2) An assessment of the progress made by the 
Department and others to eliminate all worldwide use 
of highly enriched uranium in reactor fuel, reactor 
targets, and medical isotope production facilities. 
SEC. 3159. REPEAL. 
The Nuclear Safety Research, Development, and Dem-
onstration Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9701 et seq.) is repealed. 
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Subtitle F—Other Matters 
SEC. 3161. CONGRESSIONAL ADVISORY PANEL ON THE GOV-
ERNANCE STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL NU-
CLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION AND ITS 
RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER FEDERAL AGEN-
CIES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a congres-
sional advisory panel (in this section referred to as the ‘‘ad-
visory panel’’) to assess the feasibility and advisability of, 
and make recommendations with respect to, revising the 
governance structure of the National Nuclear Security Ad-
ministration (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Administra-
tion’’) to permit the Administration to operate more effec-
tively. 
(b) COMPOSITION.— 
(1) MEMBERSHIP.—The advisory panel shall be 
composed of 12 members appointed as follows: 
(A) Three by the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives. 
(B) Three by the Minority Leader of the 
House of Representatives. 
(C) Three by the Majority Leader of the 
Senate. 
(D) Three by the Minority Leader of the 
Senate. 
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(2) CHAIRMAN; VICE CHAIRMAN.— 
(A) CHAIRMAN.—The Speaker of the House 
of Representatives and the Majority Leader of 
the Senate shall jointly designate one member of 
the advisory panel to serve as chairman of the 
advisory panel. 
(B) VICE CHAIRMAN.—The Minority Leader 
of the House of Representatives and the Minority 
Leader of the Senate shall jointly designate one 
member of the advisory panel to serve as vice 
chairman of the advisory panel. 
(3) PERIOD
OF
APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES.— 
Each member of the advisory panel shall be appointed 
for a term of one year and may be reappointed for 
an additional period lasting until the termination of 
the advisory panel in accordance with subsection (f). 
Any vacancy in the advisory panel shall be filled in 
the same manner as the original appointment. 
(c) COOPERATION FROM FEDERAL AGENCIES.— 
(1) COOPERATION.—The advisory panel shall re-
ceive the full and timely cooperation of the Secretary 
of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and any other 
Federal official in providing the advisory panel with 
analyses, briefings, and other information necessary 
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for the advisory panel to carry out its duties under 
this section. 
(2) ACCESS TO INFORMATION.—Members of the 
advisory panel shall have access to all information, 
including classified information, necessary to carry 
out the duties of the advisory panel under this sec-
tion. The security clearance process shall be expedited 
for members and staff of the advisory panel to the ex-
tent necessary to permit the advisory panel to carry 
out its duties under this section. 
(3) LIAISON.—The Secretary of Defense, the Sec-
retary of State, and the Secretary of Energy shall 
each designate at least one officer or employee of the 
Department of Defense, Department of State, and the 
Department of Energy, respectively, to serve as a liai-
son officer between the department and the advisory 
panel. 
(d) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date that each of the members of the advisory panel 
has been appointed, the advisory panel shall submit to the 
President, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, 
the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representa-
tives an interim report on the feasibility and advisability 
of revising the governance structure of the Administration 
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to permit the Administration to operate more effectively, 
to be followed by a final report prior to the termination 
of the advisory panel in accordance with subsection (f). The 
reports shall include the following: 
(1) Recommendations with respect to the fol-
lowing: 
(A) The organization and structure of the 
Administration, including the roles, responsibil-
ities, and authorities of the Administration and 
mechanisms for holding the Administration ac-
countable. 
(B) The allocation of roles and responsibil-
ities with respect to the safety and security of the 
nuclear weapons complex. 
(C) The relationship of the Administration 
to the National Security Council, the Nuclear 
Weapons Council, the Department of Energy, the 
Department of Defense, and other Federal agen-
cies, as well as the national security laboratories, 
as appropriate. 
(D) The role of the Administration in the 
interagency process for planning, programming, 
and budgeting with respect to the nuclear weap-
ons complex. 
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(E) Legislative changes necessary for revis-
ing the governance structure of the Administra-
tion. 
(F) The appropriate structure for oversight 
of the Administration by congressional commit-
tees. 
(G) The length of the term of the Adminis-
trator for Nuclear Security. 
(H) The authority of the Administrator to 
appoint senior members of the Administrator’s 
staff. 
(I) Whether the nonproliferation activities 
of the Administration on the day before the date 
of the enactment of this Act should remain with 
the Administration or be transferred to another 
agency. 
(J) Infrastructure, rules, and standards 
that will better protect the safety and health of 
nuclear workers, while also permitting those 
workers the appropriate freedom to efficiently 
and safely carry out their mission. 
(K) Legislative or regulatory changes re-
quired to improve contracting best practices in 
order to reduce the cost of programs without 
eroding mission requirements. 
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(L) Whether the Administration should op-
erate more independently of the Department of 
Energy while reporting to the President through 
Secretary of Energy. 
(2) An assessment of how revisions to the govern-
ance structure of the Administration will lead to a 
more mission-focused management structure capable 
of keeping programs on schedule and within cost esti-
mates. 
(3) An assessment of the disadvantages and bene-
fits of each organizational structure for the Adminis-
tration considered by the advisory panel. 
(4) An assessment of how the national security 
laboratories can expand basic science in support of 
ancillary national security missions in a manner 
that mutually reinforces the stockpile stewardship 
mission of the Administration and encourages the re-
tention of top performers. 
(5) An assessment of how to better retain and re-
cruit personnel, including recommendations for cre-
ating an improved professional culture that empha-
sizes the scientific, engineering, and national security 
objectives of the United States. 
(6) Any other information or recommendations 
relating to revising the governance structure of the 
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