I 
118TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 9073 
To improve the environmental health outcomes of incarcerated people and 
carceral facility workers, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 18, 2024 
Ms. PRESSLEY (for herself, Mr. BOWMAN, Ms. NORTON, Mrs. RAMIREZ, and 
Ms. TLAIB) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary 
A BILL 
To improve the environmental health outcomes of incarcer-
ated people and carceral facility workers, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Environmental Health in Prisons Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 3. Definitions. 
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Sec. 4. Improving environmental monitoring and reporting at Federal carceral 
facilities. 
Sec. 5. Communicating health information and options. 
Sec. 6. National Environmental Policy Act Considerations. 
Sec. 7. Procurement language. 
Sec. 8. Creating model programs for environmental health improvements. 
Sec. 9. Grant program to improve environmental health outcomes for people in 
State, local, and Tribal carceral facilities. 
Sec. 10. Report on mitigation and adaptation measures. 
Sec. 11. Prohibition on penalization or retaliation. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) many of the specific examples of environ-
mental injustice detailed in subsection (a) are wide-
spread at carceral facilities throughout the United 
States; 
(2) many of the examples of environmental in-
justice detailed in subsection (a) are also commonly 
encountered within communities with higher than 
average incarceration rates, thereby perpetuating 
systemic patterns of environmental harm; 
(3) racial minorities and LGBTQ+ people are 
more likely to be incarcerated and therefore bear a 
disproportionate burden of the environmental health 
impacts of mass incarceration; and 
(4) incarcerated people and carceral facility 
staff should— 
(A) have the right to a healthy living envi-
ronment; 
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(B) have access to reasonable alternatives 
and options during environmental health emer-
gencies; and 
(C) have access to comprehensible informa-
tion regarding environmental health variables, 
rights, and mitigation and adaptation measures 
to overcome environmental health threats. 
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means the Committee on the Judiciary and 
the Committee on Environment and Public Works of 
the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary, the 
Committee on Oversight and Accountability, and the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House 
of Representatives. 
(2) CARCERAL FACILITY.—The term ‘‘carceral 
facility’’— 
(A) means physical infrastructure or an 
environment in which currently incarcerated 
people are held or required to spend significant 
periods of time; and 
(B) includes a prison, jail, juvenile deten-
tion center, juvenile secure facility, mental 
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health facility, treatment facility, rehabilitation 
center, civil commitment facility, civil detention 
facility, and immigration facility. 
(3) CARCERAL
FACILITY
STAFF.—The term 
‘‘carceral facility staff’’— 
(A) means a person employed at or by, or 
who volunteers at, a carceral facility who faces 
exposure to similar environmental stressors as 
people incarcerated at the facility; and 
(B) includes a person described in sub-
paragraph (A) who is a correctional officer, 
guard, contractor, grounds staff, maintenance 
staff, cafeteria staff, commissary and canteen 
staff, program staff, educator, healthcare work-
er, religious staff, legal counsel or advocate, or 
volunteer. 
(4) 
COMPREHENSIBLE
INFORMATION.—The 
term ‘‘comprehensible information’’, with respect to 
information communicated to an incarcerated per-
son, means a standard of accessibility that— 
(A) is in agreement with a native language 
of the person or a language the person speaks 
or reads with enough fluency to comprehend 
technical information; 
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(B) facilitates comprehension based on the 
educational level and disability status of the 
person; 
(C) provides opportunity to seek out clari-
fication and ask questions regarding the infor-
mation and its implications for environmental 
health; and 
(D) complies with section 504 of the Reha-
bilitation Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 794), and its 
implementing regulations or any successor regu-
lations, and title II of the Americans with Dis-
abilities Act (42 U.S.C. 12131 et seq.), and its 
implementing regulations or any successor regu-
lations. 
(5) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means 
the Director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons. 
(6) ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH.—The term ‘‘en-
vironmental health’’ means aspects of human health, 
including quality of life and disease, that are im-
pacted by environmental stressors. 
(7) ENVIRONMENTAL
STRESSOR.—The term 
‘‘environmental stressor’’ means a physical, biologi-
cal, chemical, or other aspect of the natural or built 
environment, including the presence or absence of 
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functional infrastructure, which can lead to adverse 
health outcomes. 
(8) EXPOSURE.—The term ‘‘exposure’’ means 
the condition of being subject to an environmental 
stressor through inhalation, consumption, drinking, 
absorption, ambient conditions, or close proximity. 
(9) FEDERAL CARCERAL FACILITY.—The term 
‘‘Federal carceral facility’’ means a carceral facility 
operated by, affiliated with, or operated under a con-
tract with— 
(A) the Bureau of Prisons; 
(B) the United States Marshals Service; 
(C) U.S. Immigration and Customs En-
forcement; or 
(D) the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 
(10) INCARCERATED PERSON.—The term ‘‘in-
carcerated person’’— 
(A) means an individual held in a carceral 
facility; and 
(B) includes an individual awaiting trial, 
an individual awaiting a ruling by an immigra-
tion judge, and an individual serving a sen-
tence. 
(11) STATE, LOCAL, OR TRIBAL CARCERAL FA-
CILITY.—The term ‘‘State, local, or Tribal carceral 
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facility’’ means a carceral facility operated by, affili-
ated with, or operated under a contract with a State, 
local, or Tribal government. 
(12) SUPERFUND SITE.—The term ‘‘Superfund 
site’’ means a hazardous waste site or a site on the 
National Priorities List developed by the President 
in accordance with section 105(a)(8)(B) of the Com-
prehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, 
and 
Liability 
Act 
of 
1980 
(42 
U.S.C. 
9605(a)(8)(B)). 
(13) VULNERABLE
POPULATION.—The term 
‘‘vulnerable population’’— 
(A) means a group of incarcerated people 
and carceral facility staff who are at higher risk 
of exposure to environmental stressors or higher 
risk of negative health outcomes from exposure 
to environmental stressors; and 
(B) includes— 
(i) people who are older than 50 years 
of age; 
(ii) children; 
(iii) adolescents; 
(iv) young adults who are between 18 
years of age and 25 years of age; 
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(v) 
pregnant, 
post-natal, 
or 
breastfeeding people; 
(vi) people who have preexisting med-
ical conditions or take medications that 
can make them more susceptible to heat or 
cold; 
(vii) people who work or labor at sites 
having conditions hazardous to human 
health; 
(viii) people who have a disability that 
makes them especially susceptible to envi-
ronmental stressors or less able to mitigate 
exposure to environmental stressors; 
(ix) people who have been substan-
tially and cumulatively exposed to environ-
mental stressors on account of the dura-
tion of their sentence; and 
(x) people who are not yet acclimated 
to environmental stressors that are com-
monly experienced during incarceration, in-
cluding those who have been incarcerated 
for less than 1 year from the date of in-
take. 
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SEC. 4. IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND 
REPORTING AT FEDERAL CARCERAL FACILI-
TIES. 
(a) DATA.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter, the Director, the Director of the United 
States Marshals Service, the Director of U.S. Immi-
gration and Customs Enforcement, and the Director 
of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, in coordination with 
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
Agency, shall make publicly available, including on a 
publicly accessible website, data on the prevalence 
of, and exposure to, environmental stressors at Fed-
eral carceral facilities, including— 
(A) the ambient air quality of outdoor rec-
reational space and how levels of carbon mon-
oxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, ground-level ozone, 
particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide compare 
to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards 
of the Environmental Protection Agency; 
(B) the indoor air quality of spaces in 
which incarcerated people are held or to which 
incarcerated people have access; 
(C) how the indoor air quality of spaces 
described in subparagraph (B) compares to— 
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(i) thresholds defined by the Air Qual-
ity Index; and 
(ii) action levels issued by the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency, including the 
radon action level; 
(D) how the indoor air quality infrastruc-
ture compares to standards promulgated and 
guidance issued by the Occupational Safety and 
Health Administration and the American Soci-
ety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Condi-
tioning Engineers; 
(E) the presence of asbestos; 
(F) the quality of water that incarcerated 
people receive to drink, use for sanitary pur-
poses, or otherwise consume relative to— 
(i) primary drinking water regulations 
or secondary drinking water regulations 
(as those terms are defined in section 1401 
of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 
300f)); and 
(ii) the regulatory standards set by 
the State or Tribal agency that has juris-
diction over the facility; 
(G) the mean and range of temperatures 
and heat stress indices, taking into account hu-
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midity, to which incarcerated people are ex-
posed in different seasons; 
(H) the presence of pests, mold, and com-
municable diseases; 
(I) access to natural light, light levels con-
ducive to sleep, and green space; 
(J) the quality of the diets of incarcerated 
people relative to the Dietary Guidelines for 
Americans published by the Department of 
Health and Human Services and the Depart-
ment of Agriculture; 
(K) the levels of noise in areas where in-
carcerated people spend or are required to 
spend significant amounts of time; and 
(L) how the noise levels described in sub-
paragraph (K) compare to guidance issued by 
the Centers for Disease Control and the Occu-
pational Safety and Health Administration. 
(2) DATA PRINCIPLES.—The Director, the Di-
rector of the United States Marshals Service, the 
Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce-
ment, and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Af-
fairs shall ensure that the data published under 
paragraph (1)— 
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(A) reflect conditions at the point of use or 
exposure of incarcerated people; 
(B) abide by the principles of findability, 
accessibility, interoperability, and reusability, as 
commonly defined in scientific literature; 
(C) are timely and freely available; 
(D) are published in a machine-readable 
file format, to support academic research, jour-
nalistic investigation, and advocacy; 
(E) to the extent practicable, are provided 
in a format and are accompanied by informa-
tion, such as the number of incarcerated people 
at the facility and capacity of the facility, that 
facilitates use by the judicial system in deter-
mining sentencing and eligibility for incarcer-
ation diversion programs; 
(F) to the extent practicable, while main-
taining anonymity, are disaggregated by facil-
ity, State, location, race, ethnicity, immigration 
status, native language, sexual orientation, sex, 
gender, educational achievement, age, disability 
status, pregnancy status, duration of sentence, 
previous incarceration history, and category of 
the criminal charge against the person; 
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(G) 
to 
the 
extent 
practicable, 
are 
disaggregated to levels that track exposure at 
the level of discrete individuals, ensuring that 
personally identifiable information is removed; 
and 
(H) to the extent practicable, include infor-
mation on economic cost and years of life lost 
associated with the cumulative exposure of in-
carcerated people and carceral facility staff to 
environmental stressors at Federal carceral fa-
cilities. 
(b) ADVISORY PANEL.— 
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director, 
in coordination with the Director of the United 
States Marshals Service, the Director of U.S. Immi-
gration and Customs Enforcement, and the Director 
of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, in consultation with 
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
Agency, shall establish and provide resources for an 
independent advisory panel authorized to— 
(A) conduct research on environmental 
health at all Federal carceral facilities; 
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(B) provide recommendations to increase 
monitoring of environmental stressors at all 
Federal carceral facilities; 
(C) provide recommendations for policy 
interventions to mitigate and adapt to environ-
mental health threats at all Federal carceral fa-
cilities; 
(D) 
advise 
on 
which 
environmental 
stressors arise from factors within Federal 
carceral facilities and which environmental 
stressors arise from factors external to Federal 
carceral facilities, and advise on interagency 
collaborations to mitigate these external factors; 
and 
(E) advise on any emergency management 
protocols established to respond to environ-
mental health threats at facilities. 
(2) MEMBERS.—The advisory panel established 
under paragraph (1) shall be comprised of public 
health researchers and experts, currently and for-
merly incarcerated people, people currently and for-
merly incarcerated in juvenile justice systems, 
carceral facility staff, carceral facility staff union 
leaders, organizations that seek to improve the envi-
ronmental health of incarcerated people and people 
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incarcerated in juvenile justice systems, and commu-
nity-based organizations that represent currently 
and formerly incarcerated people. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, and every 5 years thereafter, 
the Director, in coordination with the Director of the 
United States Marshals Service, the Director of U.S. Im-
migration and Customs Enforcement, and the Director of 
the Bureau of Indian Affairs, shall submit to the appro-
priate congressional committees and make publicly avail-
able a report detailing, for each Federal carceral facility— 
(1) applicable recommendations described in 
subsection (b); 
(2) the prevalence and quantitative measure-
ments of the environmental stressors described in 
section 4(a)(1); and 
(3) compiled narratives or qualitative data pro-
vided by incarcerated people, formerly incarcerated 
people who were released from custody not more 
than 5 years before the date on which the report is 
submitted, and carceral facility staff on environ-
mental health conditions. 
(d) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are nec-
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essary to carry out the monitoring and data reporting re-
quirements under this section. 
SEC. 5. COMMUNICATING HEALTH INFORMATION AND OP-
TIONS. 
(a) BUREAU OF PRISONS.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney Gen-
eral, acting through the Director, shall conduct assess-
ments of existing data and establish regulations that en-
sure that incarcerated people and carceral facility staff in 
each Federal carceral facility under the jurisdiction of the 
Bureau of Prisons receive, upon intake or commencement 
of employment, and annually thereafter, oral and written 
comprehensible information on— 
(1) the prevalence and quantitative measure-
ments of environmental stressors in the respective 
Federal carceral facility, including the data made 
available under section 4(a)(1). 
(2) the risk of exposure to environmental 
stressors known to present a threat to environmental 
health in the respective Federal carceral facility to— 
(A) the general incarcerated population; 
(B) vulnerable populations within the gen-
eral incarcerated population; and 
(C) carceral facility staff; 
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(3) measures being undertaken by the Director 
to mitigate or adapt to environmental stressors 
known to present a threat to environmental health 
in the respective Federal carceral facility; and 
(4) a complete list of options and protective 
measures available to incarcerated people and 
carceral facility staff to address the risk of harm 
from exposure to environmental stressors known to 
present a threat to environmental health in the re-
spective Federal carceral facility, including— 
(A) associated costs and lower-cost or cost- 
free alternatives; and 
(B) instructions on how incarcerated peo-
ple and carceral facility staff can avail them-
selves of these options. 
(b) OTHER FEDERAL CARCERAL FACILITIES.—Not 
later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Director of the United States Marshals Service, the 
Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 
and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall con-
duct assessments of existing data and establish regula-
tions substantially similar to the regulations established 
under subsection (a) for each Federal carceral facility 
under their respective jurisdictions. 
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(c) CAUSE OF ACTION.—Notwithstanding section 7 
of the Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act (42 
U.S.C. 1997e), any incarcerated person or carceral facility 
staff aggrieved by a violation of the information commu-
nication requirements under subsection (a) or (b) may 
bring an action under this subsection against the relevant 
Federal agency in the district court of the United States 
for the district containing the facility at which the viola-
tion is alleged to have occurred for the relief available 
under subsection (d). 
(d) RELIEF.—Relief for a person prevailing in an ac-
tion brought under subsection (c) may include— 
(1) mandatory injunctive relief to provide such 
information as required under subsection (a) or (b); 
(2) damages for adverse health outcomes result-
ing from the withholding of information on environ-
mental health conditions required under subsection 
(a) or (b); and 
(3) compensation for litigation costs, filing fees, 
expert witness fees, and reasonable attorneys’ fees. 
(e) PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION.— 
(1) BUREAU OF PRISONS.—Not later than 60 
days after information is first provided to the rel-
evant incarcerated people and carceral facility staff 
pursuant to the regulations promulgated under sub-
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section (a), the Director shall make that information 
and any associated material available on a publicly 
accessible website. 
(2) OTHER FEDERAL CARCERAL FACILITIES.— 
Not later than 180 days after information is first 
provided to the relevant incarcerated people and 
carceral facility staff pursuant to the regulations 
promulgated under subsection (b), the director of 
the agency that the carceral facility is operated by, 
affiliated with, or under contract with shall make 
that information and any associated material pub-
licly available. 
(f) STATE GUIDANCE.—Beginning in the fifth fiscal 
year following the date of enactment of this Act, and in 
each fiscal year thereafter, for each State that receives a 
grant under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus 
Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 
10151 et seq.) that does not have in effect throughout the 
State for the fiscal year laws, regulations, or guidance that 
mandate substantially similar requirements to the require-
ments under subsection (a), the Attorney General shall en-
sure that 25 percent of the grant funding that would oth-
erwise be allocated to the State under such subpart shall 
be set aside for use to remediate environmental health 
threats in carceral facilities in the State. 
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SEC. 6. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT CONSID-
ERATIONS. 
(a) USE OF DATA.—Not later than 5 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the 
Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of the 
Interior, in consultation with the Administrator of the En-
vironmental Protection Agency, the Council on Environ-
mental Quality, and the National Environmental Justice 
Advisory Council, after taking into consideration rec-
ommendations from the advisory panel and data reported 
pursuant to section 4, shall review and update procedures 
relating to the implementation of the National Environ-
mental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) with 
respect to major Federal actions carried out at Federal 
carceral facilities. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 5 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in coordi-
nation with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the 
Secretary of the Interior, shall submit a report to the ap-
propriate congressional committees detailing how the 
agencies’ procedures relating to the implementation of the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
4321 et seq.) with respect to major Federal actions carried 
out at Federal carceral facilities have been updated pursu-
ant to subsection (a). 
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(c) CONTENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATE-
MENTS.— 
(1) ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE ANALYSIS.—An 
environmental impact statement prepared for a pro-
posed agency action relating to Federal carceral fa-
cilities completed pursuant to section 102(2)(C) of 
the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)) shall include an analysis of the 
direct, indirect, and cumulative environmental im-
pacts of the proposed action on communities with 
environmental justice concerns, including both sur-
rounding communities and populations of incarcer-
ated people and carceral facility staff within the rel-
evant facility. 
(2) ALTERNATIVES
TO
INCARCERATION.—An 
environmental impact statement prepared for a pro-
posed agency action relating to new construction or 
expansion of Federal carceral facilities completed 
pursuant to section 102(2)(C) of the National Envi-
ronmental 
Policy 
Act 
of 
1969 
(42 
U.S.C. 
4332(2)(C)) shall include, as part of the analysis of 
reasonable alternatives required pursuant to that 
section, analyses regarding decarceration, diversion, 
compassionate release, and other programs designed 
to reduce the size of the incarcerated population. 
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(d) ACCESS
TO DOCUMENTATION.—All draft and 
final environmental assessments, findings of no significant 
impact, categorical exclusion determinations, environ-
mental impact statements, and supporting documentation, 
including Federal Register notices shall also be made read-
ily and freely accessible to incarcerated people at, or who 
are foreseeably likely to be transferred to, facilities im-
pacted by the applicable major Federal action, by 
proactively providing incarcerated people and carceral fa-
cility staff with opportunities to access and study physical 
or digital copies of the documents. 
(e) OPPORTUNITY FOR COMMENT.—All incarcerated 
people and carceral facility staff at, or who are foreseeably 
likely to be transferred to or employed at, facilities im-
pacted by a major Federal action that is subject to the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
4321 et seq.) shall be given the opportunity to participate 
in the scoping and public review process for an environ-
mental impact statement by being given access to re-
sources to study the environmental impact statement and 
submit public comments. 
(f) INCLUSION IN AGENCY RECORD OF DECISION.— 
The relevant Federal agency shall include in its record of 
decision or finding of no significant impact, as applicable, 
prepared for any review process subject to the National 
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Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
seq.) a summary of how the feedback from incarcerated 
people and carceral facility staff pursuant to subsection 
(e) was factored into the agency’s decision-making proc-
ess. 
SEC. 7. PROCUREMENT LANGUAGE. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director, the Director of the United States 
Marshals Service, the Director of U.S. Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement, and the Director of the Bureau of 
Indian Affairs, in coordination with the Administrator of 
the General Services Administration, shall implement pro-
curement language that gives preference to contractors 
and vendors that, for any given contract, demonstrate that 
any infrastructure installation in a Federal carceral facil-
ity as a result of new construction, maintenance, a retrofit, 
a repair, or rehabilitation of the Federal carceral facility 
aids in improving the environmental health of incarcerated 
people and carceral facility staff. 
SEC. 8. CREATING MODEL PROGRAMS FOR ENVIRON-
MENTAL HEALTH IMPROVEMENTS. 
(a) FEASIBILITY STUDIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in 
coordination with the Director of the United States 
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Marshals Service, the Director of U.S. Immigration 
and Customs Enforcement, and the Director of the 
Bureau of Indian Affairs, in consultation with the 
advisory panel established under section 4(b), shall 
conduct and make publicly available feasibility stud-
ies to investigate the potential environmental health 
benefits of improvements to carceral facilities for in-
carcerated people, carceral facility staff, and resi-
dents of surrounding communities. 
(2) SCOPE
OF
STUDIES.—The studies con-
ducted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall investigate 
not fewer than 10 Federal carceral facilities that 
have a variety of security levels and in total hold not 
fewer than 5,000 incarcerated people. 
(3) CONSULTATION.—In conducting the feasi-
bility studies required under paragraph (1), the Di-
rector shall consult with the advisory panel estab-
lished under section 4(b), the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of 
Energy, the Secretary of Labor, and the heads of 
other relevant Federal agencies. 
(4) FACILITIES.—At least one facility under the 
jurisdiction of each of the Bureau of Prisons, the 
United States Marshals Service, U.S. Immigration 
and Customs Enforcement, and the Bureau of In-
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dian Affairs shall be the subject of a feasibility study 
required under paragraph (1). 
(5) SUBJECTS.—The feasibility studies required 
under paragraph (1) shall study the costs, security 
considerations, and anticipated health benefits of de-
creasing the size of the incarcerated population, up-
dating, installing, or retrofitting infrastructure in 
Federal carceral facilities and establishing, sup-
porting, or expanding programs in order to minimize 
exposure or increase resiliency to environmental 
stressors at the point of use or exposure to such 
stressors, including factors such as— 
(A) air quality, ventilation, heating, insula-
tion, air conditioning, shade, and air filtration; 
(B) fire safety; 
(C) water treatment, filtration, and soft-
ening; 
(D) asbestos abatement; 
(E) pest, mold, and communicable disease 
abatement; 
(F) natural light; 
(G) noise pollution; 
(H) waste management; 
(I) opportunities for exercise available to 
incarcerated people; 
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(J) green space, including gardens, indoor 
plants, and other healthy vegetation visible to 
incarcerated people; and 
(K) organic farming, hydroponics, green-
houses, and other methods of producing nutri-
tious foods at or near Federal carceral facilities 
consumed by incarcerated people within the fa-
cility. 
(b) PRIORITIZATION.—In selecting Federal carceral 
facilities on which to focus the studies conducted under 
subsection (a)(1), the Director, in coordination with the 
Director of the United States Marshals Service, the Direc-
tor of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and 
the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, shall 
prioritize Federal carceral facilities based on— 
(1) the size of the vulnerable population at the 
Federal carceral facility; 
(2) the known prevalence of environmental 
stressors at the Federal carceral facility; 
(3) the degree to which studies would fill data 
gaps in environmental health at the Federal carceral 
facility; 
(4) the proximity of the Federal carceral facility 
to sources of pollution, such as landfills, factories, 
and Superfund sites; and 
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(5) the age of the environmental health infra-
structure of the Federal carceral facility. 
(c) FEEDBACK.—The Director, in coordination with 
the Director of the United States Marshals Service, the 
Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 
and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, shall 
solicit feedback on the feasibility studies conducted under 
subsection (a)(1) by— 
(1) establishing a forum for public comment 
that enables feedback from stakeholders, including— 
(A) incarcerated people and formerly incar-
cerated people; 
(B) Federal carceral facility staff; 
(C) family and friends of incarcerated peo-
ple; 
(D) contractors of Federal carceral facili-
ties; 
(E) relevant community-based organiza-
tions; 
(F) relevant organizations; 
(G) healthcare providers; and 
(H) public health researchers; and 
(2) soliciting the opinion of the advisory panel 
established under section 4(b). 
(d) FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date on which the Director makes the feasibility 
studies conducted pursuant to subsection (a)(1) pub-
licly available, the Director, in coordination with the 
Director of the United States Marshals Service, the 
Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce-
ment, and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Af-
fairs, in consultation with the advisory panel estab-
lished under section 4(b), shall make improvements 
to the environmental health of incarcerated people 
and carceral facility staff at not fewer than 5 of the 
Federal carceral facilities that were the subject of 
feasibility studies by decreasing the size of the incar-
cerated population, updating, installing, or retro-
fitting infrastructure in the facilities, or establishing, 
supporting, or expanding programs pursuant to 
paragraph (3). 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out para-
graph (1), the Director, in coordination with the Di-
rector of the United States Marshals Service, the 
Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforce-
ment, and the Director of the Bureau of Indian Af-
fairs, shall take into account— 
(A) the feasibility studies conducted under 
subsection (a)(1); and 
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(B) the feedback received pursuant to sub-
section (c). 
(3) SCOPE
OF
IMPROVEMENTS.—In carrying 
out paragraph (1), funds may only be used to— 
(A) improve infrastructure in carceral fa-
cilities relating to air quality, ventilation, tem-
perature, water quality, water treatment, waste 
management, noise pollution, and light pollu-
tion; 
(B) increase the access of incarcerated 
people and carceral facility staff to natural light 
and green space; 
(C) establish, support, or expand opportu-
nities for incarcerated people to grow or raise 
nutritious and culturally relevant food through 
organic farming, hydroponics, or greenhouses to 
be consumed by incarcerated people within the 
carceral facility at which the food is grown; 
(D) improve the nutrition of meals served 
to incarcerated people, including when feasible 
by serving fresh fruits and vegetables at no ad-
ditional charge; 
(E) improve the occupational health and 
safety of incarcerated people by providing per-
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sonal protective equipment and establishing 
safer work opportunities; 
(F) 
educate 
incarcerated 
people 
and 
carceral facility staff on strategies and options 
to minimize exposure to environmental stressors 
and otherwise safeguard or improve environ-
mental health; 
(G) train carceral facility staff to recognize 
signs of illness relating to environmental health 
and appropriately intervene to mitigate the en-
vironmental stressors causing such illnesses; 
(H) establish, support, or expand pretrial 
diversion, reentry, compassionate release, and 
other programs that provide an alternative to 
incarceration, especially for vulnerable popu-
lations; 
(I) improve access to quality medical care 
from non-profit providers for incarcerated peo-
ple and carceral facility staff, including physical 
and mental health care, ensure medical per-
sonnel in carceral facilities are adequately 
trained to detect and treat illnesses related to 
environmental health, and facilitate the transfer 
of health records to community providers as 
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people exit the criminal justice system to facili-
tate continuity of care; and 
(J) purchase items that could be used to 
rapidly mitigate exposure to environmental 
health stressors in times of an emergency with-
out additional cost to incarcerated people and 
carceral facility staff, such as clothing, blan-
kets, bottled water, fans, and air filters. 
(4) COMPENSATION OF COMMUNITY BASED OR-
GANIZATIONS.—Funds may be used to compensate 
community based organizations and other non-profit 
organizations that support or further the improve-
ments and programs listed under paragraph (3). 
(5) RESTRICTION.—In carrying out this sub-
section— 
(A) funds may not be used to carry out in-
frastructure improvements or actions that in-
crease the capacity of Federal carceral facilities 
to hold additional incarcerated people; 
(B) funds may not be used to pay carceral 
facility staff; and 
(C) not more than 5 percent of the funds 
appropriated pursuant to subsection (e) may be 
used for the purposes of carrying out subpara-
graphs (I) or (J) of paragraph (3). 
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(6) COMPLETION DATE.—The programs estab-
lished under paragraph (1) shall be completed not 
later than 5 years after the feasibility studies con-
ducted under subsection (a)(1) are made publicly 
available pursuant to such subsection. 
(7) PARTICIPATION.—To the extent practicable, 
including through reevaluation of policies that re-
strict the access of incarcerated people to tools or re-
strict the time incarcerated people spend outside of 
cells at carceral facilities, the Director shall provide 
opportunities for incarcerated people to actively par-
ticipate in the improvements described in paragraph 
(1). 
(8) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
completion of the programs established under para-
graph (1), the Director, in coordination with the Di-
rector of the U.S. Marshals Service, the Director of 
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and 
the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report detailing the outcomes of the programs es-
tablished, supported, or expanded under paragraph 
(1), including— 
(A) quantitative indicators of the success 
of the programs at improving the environmental 
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health of incarcerated people and carceral facil-
ity 
staff, 
including, 
when 
feasible, 
data 
disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, gender, 
primary language, age, disability status, sexu-
ality, and, in the case of an incarcerated per-
son, the category of the criminal charge against 
the person; 
(B) relevant quantitative and qualitative 
evaluations of incarcerated people and carceral 
facility staff on the perceived impact of the pro-
gram; and 
(C) strategies to replicate the programs at 
other Federal carceral facilities. 
(e) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029. 
SEC. 9. GRANT PROGRAM TO IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL 
HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR PEOPLE IN STATE, 
LOCAL, AND TRIBAL CARCERAL FACILITIES. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti-
ty’’ means— 
(A) a State government; 
(B) a local government; or 
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(C) a federally recognized Tribal govern-
ment. 
(2) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means 
the Environmental Health for Incarcerated People 
Grant Program established under subsection (b). 
(3) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means any 
State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Is-
lands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Common-
wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within 
the Office of Environmental Justice and External Civil 
Rights of the Environmental Protection Agency the Envi-
ronmental Health for Incarcerated People Grant Program. 
(c) AWARDS.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency, acting through the Assist-
ant Administrator of the Office of Environmental Justice 
and External Civil Rights, shall award grants under the 
Program to eligible entities for the purpose of decreasing 
the size of the incarcerated population, updating, install-
ing, or retrofitting infrastructure, or establishing, sup-
porting, or expanding programs in State, local, and Tribal 
carceral facilities to improve environmental health out-
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comes for incarcerated people and carceral facility staff 
pursuant to subsection (g). 
(d) APPLICATIONS.—An eligible entity seeking a 
grant under the Program shall submit to the Office of En-
vironmental Justice and External Civil Rights an applica-
tion at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Assistant Administrator of the Office 
of Environmental Justice and External Civil Rights may 
require. 
(e) CONSULTATION.—In awarding grants under the 
Program, the Assistant Administrator of the Office of En-
vironmental Justice and External Civil Rights shall con-
sult stakeholders, such as— 
(1) relevant community-based organizations, 
such as organizations that represent incarcerated 
and formerly incarcerated people including people 
currently and formerly incarcerated in juvenile se-
cure facilities and civil commitment facilities, and 
organizations that seek to improve environmental 
health outcomes for incarcerated people and carceral 
facility staff; 
(2) environmental and public health researchers 
and policy experts; and 
(3) relevant advocacy organizations. 
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(f) PRIORITY.—In awarding grants under the Pro-
gram, the Assistant Administrator of the Office of Envi-
ronmental Justice and External Civil Rights shall 
prioritize eligible entities based on— 
(1) the size of the vulnerable population incar-
cerated under the jurisdiction of the eligible entity; 
(2) the known prevalence of environmental 
stressors in or near carceral facilities under the ju-
risdiction of the eligible entity; 
(3) the degree to which grants would fill gaps 
in data on environmental health variables described 
in subsection (g) at State, local, and Tribal carceral 
facilities; 
(4) the proximity of carceral facilities under the 
jurisdiction of the eligible entity to sources of pollu-
tion, such as landfills, factories, and Superfund 
sites; and 
(5) the extent to which the eligible entity has 
demonstrated a commitment to improving the envi-
ronmental health of incarcerated people, including 
by making— 
(A) prior investments in environmental 
health infrastructure at carceral facilities; and 
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(B) prior efforts to comply with court-or-
dered schedules to meet environmental stand-
ards at carceral facilities. 
(g) USE OF FUNDS.—An eligible entity that receives 
a grant under the Program shall use amounts from the 
grant to decrease the size of the incarcerated population, 
update, install, or retrofit infrastructure, and establish, 
support, or expand programs that minimize environmental 
stressors at points of use or exposure of incarcerated peo-
ple by— 
(1) improving infrastructure in carceral facili-
ties relating to air quality, ventilation, temperature, 
shade, water quality, water treatment, waste man-
agement, noise pollution, or light pollution; 
(2) increasing the access of incarcerated people 
and carceral facility staff to natural light and green 
space; 
(3) establishing, supporting, or expanding op-
portunities for incarcerated people to grow or raise 
nutritious and culturally relevant food through or-
ganic farming, hydroponics, or greenhouses to be 
consumed by incarcerated people within the carceral 
facility at which the food is grown; 
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(4) improving the nutrition of meals served to 
incarcerated people, including by serving fresh fruits 
and vegetables at no additional charge; 
(5) improving the occupational health and safe-
ty of incarcerated people by providing personal pro-
tective equipment and establishing safer work oppor-
tunities; 
(6) educating incarcerated people and carceral 
facility staff on strategies and options to minimize 
exposure to environmental stressors and otherwise 
safeguard or improve environmental health; 
(7) training carceral facility staff to recognize 
signs of illness relating to environmental health and 
appropriately intervene to mitigate the environ-
mental stressors causing such illnesses; 
(8) establishing, supporting, or expanding pre-
trial diversion, reentry, compassionate release, and 
other programs that provide an alternative to incar-
ceration, especially for vulnerable populations; 
(9) improving access to quality medical care 
from non-profit providers for incarcerated people 
and carceral facility staff, including physical and 
mental health care, ensuring medical personnel in 
carceral facilities are adequately trained to detect 
and treat illnesses related to environmental health, 
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and facilitating the transfer of health records to 
community providers as people exit the criminal jus-
tice system to facilitate continuity of care; or 
(10) purchasing items that could be used to 
rapidly mitigate exposure to environmental health 
stressors in times of an emergency without addi-
tional cost to incarcerated people and carceral facil-
ity staff, such as clothing, blankets, bottled water, 
fans, and air filters. 
(h) COMPENSATION OF COMMUNITY BASED ORGANI-
ZATIONS.—An eligible entity that receives a grant under 
the Program may use amounts from the grant to com-
pensate community based organizations and other non- 
profit organizations that support or further the improve-
ments and programs pursuant to subsection (g). 
(i) RESTRICTIONS.—In carrying out this sub-
section— 
(1) funds may not be used to carry out infra-
structure improvements or actions that increase the 
capacity of carceral facilities to hold additional in-
carcerated people; 
(2) funds may not be used to pay carceral facil-
ity staff; and 
(3) an eligible entity may not use more than 5 
percent of amounts from a grant awarded under the 
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Program to facilitate the aims pursuant to sub-
section (g)(9) or purchase rapid response items pur-
suant to subsection (g)(10). 
(j) DURATION.—A grant awarded under the Program 
shall be for a 5-year period. 
(k) DUTIES.—A State, local, or Tribal government 
that receives a grant under the Program shall— 
(1) implement the program or initiative funded 
by the grant; and 
(2) not later than 1 year after the date of the 
termination of the grant, report to the Attorney 
General outputs and outcomes of the program or ini-
tiative described in paragraph (1), including infor-
mation on— 
(A) quantitative indicators of the success 
of the program or initiative at improving the 
environmental health of incarcerated people and 
carceral 
facility 
staff, 
including 
data 
disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, gender, 
primary language, age, disability status, sexu-
ality, and, in the case of an incarcerated per-
son, the category of the criminal charge against 
the person; 
(B) relevant quantitative and qualitative 
evaluations of incarcerated people and carceral 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Upon receiving an adminis-
trative complaint pursuant to subsection (f), the Ad-
ministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 
acting through the Assistant Administrator of the 
Office of Environmental Justice and External Civil 
Rights, may modify or revoke, after opportunity for 
a hearing, a grant awarded to an eligible entity pur-
suant to section 9 upon finding a violation of sub-
section (c). 
(2) LIMITATION.—No such modification or rev-
ocation may be made pursuant to paragraph (1) 
until the Assistant Administrator of the Office of 
Environmental Justice and External Civil Rights has 
advised the appropriate person or persons affiliated 
with the eligible entity of the violation and has de-
termined that subsequent compliance cannot be se-
cured by voluntary means. 
Æ 
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