IV 
111TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 604 
Recognizing the vital role of the Proliferation Security Initiative in preventing 
the spread of weapons of mass destruction. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 26, 2009 
Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN (for herself, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, 
Mr. ROYCE, and Mr. MCCAUL) submitted the following resolution; which 
was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Recognizing the vital role of the Proliferation Security Initia-
tive in preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruc-
tion. 
Whereas the nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs 
of North Korea pose a clear and present danger to the 
security of the United States and to the world; 
Whereas the North Korean regime has acquired key compo-
nents of its nuclear weapons and missile programs from 
other countries; 
Whereas the North Korean regime has exported to other 
countries goods and materials used in their nuclear weap-
ons and missile programs; 
Whereas United States and international efforts to eliminate 
this threat require blocking the ability of the North Ko-
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rean regime to import and export goods and materials 
useful for the manufacture of nuclear weapons and of 
missiles capable of delivering them; 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718, 
adopted on October 14, 2006, calls on all countries to 
take cooperative action to prevent the transfer to and 
from North Korea of ‘‘all items, materials, equipment, 
goods and technology’’ related to its nuclear, chemical, 
and biological weapons and their means of delivery; 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1874, 
adopted unanimously on June 12, 2009, ‘‘calls upon all 
States to inspect . . . all cargo [described in Security 
Council Resolution 1718, as well as virtually all arms and 
related materiel] to and from [North Korea] in their ter-
ritory, including seaports and airports . . . [and] to in-
spect vessels on the high seas’’ and calls upon all flag 
countries to cooperate in these inspections; 
Whereas the actions described in United Nations Security 
Council Resolutions 1718 and 1874 draw from the same 
principles that underlie the Proliferation Security Initia-
tive (PSI), announced by President George W. Bush on 
May 31, 2003, in Cracow, Poland; 
Whereas the PSI was conceived and implemented as an inte-
gral element of the United States National Strategy to 
Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction announced on De-
cember 11, 2002; 
Whereas United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540, 
adopted on April 20, 2004, calls on all countries to crim-
inalize the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction 
and to cooperate to stop the trafficking of weapons of 
mass destruction; 
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Whereas the PSI was designed to enhance the ability of coun-
tries to interdict the proliferation by sea, air, and land 
of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, their deliv-
ery vehicles, and related materials to terrorists and coun-
tries of proliferation concern through enhanced and rou-
tine cooperation in the areas of diplomacy, intelligence 
sharing, law enforcement, and military action; 
Whereas 95 countries now participate in the PSI; 
Whereas countries participating in the PSI agree to abide by 
a Statement of Interdiction Principles which ensures a 
shared view of the proliferation threat and the most ef-
fective methods to prevent it; 
Whereas the United States has concluded ship boarding 
agreements with the flag countries of the Bahamas, 
Belize, Croatia, Cyprus, Liberia, Malta, the Marshall Is-
lands, Mongolia, and Panama which provide authority to 
board in international waters vessels registered in those 
countries that are suspected of carrying illicit shipments 
of weapons of nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons, 
their delivery systems, and related materials; 
Whereas in October 2005, the International Maritime Orga-
nization approved amendments to the Convention for the 
Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Mar-
itime Navigation that obligate states-parties to the Con-
vention to prevent the use of any vessel for the transport 
of weapons of mass destruction and ‘‘any equipment, ma-
terials, or software or related technology that signifi-
cantly contribute to [weapons of mass destruction] de-
sign, manufacturing or delivery’’; 
Whereas, the PSI Operational Experts Group, including mili-
tary, law enforcement, intelligence, legal, and diplomatic 
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experts from 20 participating countries, meets regularly 
to develop operational concepts, organize interdiction ex-
ercises, share information, and pursue cooperation with 
key industry sectors; 
Whereas the PSI has repeatedly demonstrated its effective-
ness through interdictions, including in October 2003 a 
ship, the BBC China, carrying centrifuge technology to 
Libya to be used in that country’s clandestine nuclear 
program; 
Whereas that interdiction resulted in a decision by the Liby-
an Government to dismantle its nuclear, chemical, and 
biological weapons programs and also to provide extensive 
information regarding the international black market net-
work through which it had obtained key elements of those 
programs; 
Whereas the ongoing series of multinational training efforts 
and exercises between participating countries have en-
hanced their individual and collective capabilities to con-
duct maritime, air, and ground interdictions of suspected 
weapons of mass destruction shipments; 
Whereas the PSI has demonstrated the ability of several 
agencies of the United States Government, including the 
Department of State, the Department of Defense, the 
Coast Guard, the Customs and Border Protection of the 
Department of Homeland Security, and the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation, to effectively coordinate their ac-
tions between themselves and other countries without the 
need for any new organization or additional bureaucracy; 
Whereas the PSI has demonstrated the effectiveness of inter-
national cooperation within existing national laws and 
regulations of the participating countries without the 
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need of additional treaties, direction by international or-
ganizations, or other potentially constraining measures; 
Whereas in a speech in Prague on April 6, 2009, President 
Obama stated that the United States and other partici-
pating countries should enhance their cooperation in the 
PSI and other means in order to ‘‘build on our efforts 
to break up black markets, detect and intercept materials 
in transit, and use financial tools to disrupt this dan-
gerous trade’’; and 
Whereas despite threats from the North Korean regime, the 
Government of the Republic of Korea has decided to join 
the PSI in an effort to stop shipments to and from North 
Korea of goods and materials useful in the production of 
nuclear weapons and the missiles capable of delivering 
them: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) recognizes the success to date of the PSI in 
dramatically enhancing the ability of participating 
countries to interdict the shipment of nuclear, chem-
ical, and biological weapons, their means of delivery, 
and related materials; 
(2) congratulates the Republic of Korea for its 
decision to participate in the PSI in order to take 
action to counter the threat to it and to the world 
posed by the North Korean regime; 
(3) urges President Obama to build upon the 
success of the PSI to further enhance cooperation 
and coordination between all willing countries to 
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stop the proliferation of weapons of mass destruc-
tion, the missiles capable of delivering them, and all 
other items, materials, equipment, goods, and tech-
nology used by North Korea or any other country to 
pose a threat to the security of the United States 
and to the world; and 
(4) urges all countries not yet participating in 
the PSI, especially China, to fully cooperate with 
PSI countries in implementing United Nations Secu-
rity Council Resolutions 1718 and 1874, and all 
other efforts to prevent the import and export of all 
items, materials, equipment, goods, and technology 
used by North Korea or any other country to pose 
a threat to the security of the United States and to 
the world. 
Æ 
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