In the Senate of the United States,
July 19, 2007.
Resolved, That the bill from the House of Representa-
tives (H.R. 2272) entitled ‘‘An Act to invest in innovation
through research and development, and to improve the com-
petitiveness of the United States.’’, do pass with the following
AMENDMENT:
Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘America COMPETES
Act’’ or the ‘‘America Creating Opportunities to Meaning-
fully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and
Science Act’’.
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SEC. 2. ORGANIZATION OF ACT INTO DIVISIONS; TABLE OF
CONTENTS.
(a) DIVISIONS.—This Act is organized into 5 divisions
as follows:
(1) DIVISION A.—Commerce and Science.
(2) DIVISION B.—Department of Energy.
(3) DIVISION C.—Education.
(4) DIVISION D.—National Science Foundation.
(5) DIVISION E.—General Provisions.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for
this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Organization of Act into divisions; table of contents.
DIVISION A—COMMERCE AND SCIENCE
Sec. 1001. Short title.
TITLE I—OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY;
GOVERNMENT-WIDE SCIENCE
Sec. 1101. National Science and Technology Summit.
Sec. 1102. Study on barriers to innovation.
Sec. 1103. National Innovation Medal.
Sec. 1104. Release of scientific research results.
Sec. 1105. Semiannual Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Days.
Sec. 1106. Study of service science.
TITLE II—INNOVATION PROMOTION
Sec. 1201. President’s Council on Innovation and Competitiveness.
Sec. 1202. Innovation acceleration research.
TITLE III—NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
Sec. 1301. NASA’s contribution to innovation.
Sec. 1302. Aeronautics Institute for Research.
Sec. 1303. Basic research enhancement.
Sec. 1304. Aging workforce issues program.
Sec. 1305. Conforming amendments.
Sec. 1306. Fiscal year 2008 basic science and research funding.
TITLE IV—NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY
Sec. 1401. Authorization of appropriations.
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Sec. 1402. Amendments to the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
1980.
Sec. 1403. Innovation acceleration.
Sec. 1404. Manufacturing extension.
Sec. 1405. Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Technology.
Sec. 1406. Technical amendments to the National Institute of Standards and
Technology Act and other technical amendments.
Sec. 1407. Clarification of eligible contributions in connection with regional Cen-
ters responsible for implementing the objectives of the hollings
manufacturing partnership program.
TITLE V—OCEAN AND ATMOSPHERIC PROGRAMS
Sec. 1501. Ocean and atmospheric research and development program.
Sec. 1502. NOAA ocean and atmospheric science education programs.
Sec. 1503. NOAA’s contribution to innovation.
Sec. 1504. NOAA accountability and transparency.
DIVISION B—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Sec. 2001. Short title.
Sec. 2002. Definitions.
Sec. 2003. Mathematics, science, and engineering education at the Department of
Energy.
Sec. 2004. Department of Energy early-career research grants.
Sec. 2005. Advanced Research Projects Authority-Energy.
Sec. 2006. Authorization of appropriations for the Department of Energy for
basic research.
Sec. 2007. Discovery science and engineering innovation institutes.
Sec. 2008. Protecting America’s Competitive Edge (PACE) graduate fellowship
program.
Sec. 2009. Title IX compliance.
Sec. 2010. High-risk, high-reward research.
Sec. 2011. Distinguished scientist program.
DIVISION C—EDUCATION
Sec. 3001. Findings.
Sec. 3002. Definitions.
TITLE I—TEACHER ASSISTANCE
Subtitle A—Teachers for a Competitive Tomorrow
Sec. 3111. Purpose.
Sec. 3112. Definitions.
Sec. 3113. Programs for baccalaureate degrees in mathematics, science, engineer-
ing, or critical foreign languages, with concurrent teacher certifi-
cation.
Sec. 3114. Programs for master’s degrees in mathematics, science, technology, or
critical foreign languages education.
Sec. 3115. General provisions.
Sec. 3116. Authorization of appropriations.
Subtitle B—Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate Programs
Sec. 3121. Purpose.
Sec. 3122. Definitions.
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Sec. 3123. Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate programs.
Subtitle C—Promising Practices in Mathematics, Science, Technology, and
Engineering Teaching
Sec. 3131. Promising practices.
TITLE II—MATHEMATICS
Sec. 3201. Math Now for elementary school and middle school students program.
Sec. 3202. Summer term education programs.
Sec. 3203. Math skills for secondary school students.
TITLE III—FOREIGN LANGUAGE PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM
Sec. 3301. Findings and purpose.
Sec. 3302. Definitions.
Sec. 3303. Program authorized.
Sec. 3304. Authorization of appropriations.
TITLE IV—ALIGNMENT OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS
Sec. 3401. Alignment of secondary school graduation requirements with the de-
mands of 21st century postsecondary endeavors and support for
P–16 education data systems.
TITLE V—MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE PARTNERSHIP BONUS
GRANTS
Sec. 3501. Mathematics and science partnership bonus grants.
Sec. 3502. Authorization of appropriations.
DIVISION D—NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Sec. 4001. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 4002. Strengthening of education and human resources directorate through
equitable distribution of new funds.
Sec. 4003. Graduate fellowships and graduate traineeships.
Sec. 4004. Professional science master’s degree programs.
Sec. 4005. Increased support for science education through the National Science
Foundation.
Sec. 4006. Meeting critical national science needs.
Sec. 4007. Reaffirmation of the merit-review process of the National Science
Foundation.
Sec. 4008. Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research.
Sec. 4009. Encouraging participation.
Sec. 4010. Cyberinfrastructure.
Sec. 4011. Federal information and communications technology research.
Sec. 4012. Robert Noyce Teacher Program.
Sec. 4013. Sense of the Senate regarding the mathematics and science partnership
programs of the Department of Education and the National
Science Foundation.
Sec. 4014. National Science Foundation teacher institutes for the 21st century.
Sec. 4015. Partnerships for access to laboratory science.
DIVISION E—GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 5001. Collection of data relating to trade in services.
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Sec. 5002. Sense of the Senate regarding small business growth and capital mar-
kets.
Sec. 5003. Government Accountability Office Review of Activities, Grants, and
Programs.
Sec. 5004. Prohibition against funding anti-competitiveness.
Sec. 5005. Feasibility study on free online college degree program.
Sec. 5006. Sense of the Senate regarding deemed exports.
Sec. 5007. Sense of the Senate regarding capital markets.
DIVISION A—COMMERCE AND
SCIENCE
SEC. 1001. SHORT TITLE.
This division may be cited as the ‘‘American Innova-
tion and Competitiveness Act’’.
TITLE I—OFFICE OF SCIENCE
AND 
TECHNOLOGY 
POLICY;
GOVERNMENT-WIDE SCIENCE
SEC. 1101. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the President shall convene
a National Science and Technology Summit to examine the
health and direction of the United States’ science, tech-
nology, engineering, and mathematics enterprises. The
Summit shall include representatives of industry, small
business, labor, academia, State government, Federal re-
search and development agencies, non-profit environmental
and energy policy groups concerned with science and tech-
nology issues, and other nongovernmental organizations, in-
cluding representatives of science, technology, and engineer-
ing organizations and associations that represent individ-
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uals identified in section 33 or 34 of the Science and Engi-
neering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a or
1885b).
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date
of the conclusion of the Summit, the President shall issue
a report on the results of the Summit. The report shall iden-
tify key research and technology challenges and rec-
ommendations, including recommendations to increase the
representation of individuals identified in section 33 or 34
of the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act
(42 U.S.C. 1885a or 1885b) in science, engineering, and
technology enterprises, for areas of investment for Federal
research and technology programs to be carried out during
the 5-year period beginning on the date the report is issued.
(c) ANNUAL EVALUATION.—Beginning in 2008, the
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
publish and submit to Congress an annual report that con-
tains recommendations for areas of investment for Federal
research and technology programs, including a justification
for each area identified in the report. Each report submitted
during the 5-year period beginning on the date of the con-
clusion of the Summit shall take into account any rec-
ommendations made by the Summit.
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SEC. 1102. STUDY ON BARRIERS TO INNOVATION.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy shall enter into a contract
with the National Academy of Sciences to conduct and com-
plete a study to identify, and to review methods to mitigate,
new forms of risk for businesses beyond conventional oper-
ational and financial risk that affect the ability to inno-
vate, including studying and reviewing—
(1) incentive and compensation structures that
could effectively encourage long-term value creation
and innovation;
(2) methods of voluntary and supplemental dis-
closure by industry of intellectual capital, innovation
performance, and indicators of future valuation;
(3) means by which government could work with
industry to enhance the legal and regulatory frame-
work to encourage the disclosures described in para-
graph (2);
(4) practices that may be significant deterrents
to United States businesses engaging in innovation
risk-taking compared to foreign competitors;
(5) costs faced by United States businesses en-
gaging in innovation compared to foreign competi-
tors, including the burden placed on businesses by
high and rising health care costs;
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(6) means by which industry, trade associations,
and universities could collaborate to support research
on management practices and methodologies for as-
sessing the value and risks of longer term innovation
strategies;
(7) means to encourage new, open, and collabo-
rative dialogue between industry associations, regu-
latory authorities, management, shareholders, labor,
and other concerned interests to encourage appro-
priate approaches to innovation risk-taking;
(8) incentives to encourage participation among
institutions of higher education, especially those in
rural and underserved areas, to engage in innovation;
(9) relevant Federal regulations that may dis-
courage or encourage innovation;
(10) all provisions of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, including tax provisions, compliance costs,
and reporting requirements, that discourage innova-
tion;
(11) the extent to which Federal funding pro-
motes or hinders innovation;
(12) the extent to which individuals are being
equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary for
success in the 21st century workforce, as measured
by—
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(A) elementary school and secondary school
student academic achievement on the State aca-
demic 
assessments 
required 
under 
section
1111(b)(3) of the Elementary and Secondary
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 (b)(3)),
especially in mathematics, science, and reading,
identified by ethnicity, race, and gender;
(B) the rate of student entrance into insti-
tutions of higher education, identified by eth-
nicity, race, and gender, by type of institution,
and barriers to access to institutions of higher
education;
(C) the rates of—
(i) students successfully completing
postsecondary education programs, identi-
fied by ethnicity, race, and gender; and
(ii) certificates, associate degrees, and
baccalaureate degrees awarded in the fields
of science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics, identified by ethnicity, race,
and gender; and
(D) access to, and availability of, high qual-
ity job training programs;
(13) the projected outcomes of increasing the
number of individuals identified in section 33 or 34
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of the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities
Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a or 1885b) in science, tech-
nology, engineering, and mathematics fields; and
(14) the identification of strategies to increase
the participation of individuals identified in section
33 or 34 of the Science and Engineering Equal Op-
portunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a or 1885b) in
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
fields.
(b) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 1 year after
entering into the contract required by subsection (a) and
4 years after entering into such contract, the National
Academy of Sciences shall submit to Congress a report on
the study conducted under such subsection.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are
authorized to be appropriated to the National Academy of
Sciences $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 for the purpose of
carrying out the study required under this section.
SEC. 1103. NATIONAL INNOVATION MEDAL.
Section 16 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Inno-
vation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3711) is amended—
(1) by striking the section heading and inserting
‘‘SEC. 16. NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNO-
VATION MEDAL.’’; and
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(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Technology
Medal’’ and inserting ‘‘Technology and Innovation
Medal’’.
SEC. 1104. RELEASE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH RESULTS.
(a) PRINCIPLES.—Not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the Di-
rector of the Office of Management and Budget and the
heads of all Federal civilian agencies that conduct scientific
research, shall develop and issue an overarching set of prin-
ciples to ensure the communication and open exchange of
data and results to other agencies, policymakers, and the
public of research conducted by a scientist employed by a
Federal civilian agency and to prevent the intentional or
unintentional suppression or distortion of such research
findings. The principles shall encourage the open exchange
of data and results of research undertaken by a scientist
employed by such an agency and shall be consistent with
existing Federal laws, including chapter 18 of title 35,
United States Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Bayh-Dole
Act’’).
(b) IMPLEMENTATION.—Not later than 180 days after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office
of Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that all civil-
ian Federal agencies that conduct scientific research develop
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specific policies and procedures regarding the public release
of data and results of research conducted by a scientist em-
ployed by such an agency consistent with the principles es-
tablished under subsection (a). Such polices and procedures
shall—
(1) specifically address what is and what is not
permitted or recommended under such policies and
procedures;
(2) be specifically designed for each such agency;
(3) be applied uniformly throughout each such
agency; and
(4) be widely communicated and readily acces-
sible to all employees of each such agency and the
public.
SEC. 1105. SEMIANNUAL SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGI-
NEERING, AND MATHEMATICS DAYS.
It is the sense of Congress that the Director of the Office
of Science and Technology Policy should—
(1) encourage all elementary and middle schools
to observe a Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics Day twice in every school year for the
purpose of bringing in science, technology, engineer-
ing, and mathematics mentors to provide hands-on
lessons to excite and inspire students to pursue the
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics