(1) The proportion of girls entering the justice 
system has increased steadily over the past several 
decades, rising from 20 percent in 1980 to 30 per-
cent in 2009. Most of these girls, up to 73 percent, 
have histories of physical and sexual violence, and 
their entry into the criminal and juvenile justice sys-
tem is linked to their sexual and physical victimiza-
tion. 
(2) Girls’ pathways into juvenile justice involve-
ment are distinct from boys’ pathways. Girls account 
for a much larger proportion of nonviolent status of-
fenders than delinquency offenders (40 percent com-
pared to 14 percent, respectively). 
(3) A study by the Oregon Social Learning 
Center found the average reported age of first sexual 
encounter for girls in juvenile justice is 6.75. 
(4) The trauma of untreated physical and sex-
ual abuse results in lifetime consequences for girls. 
These consequences include a higher risk for a num-
ber of negative social and health outcomes such as 
higher mortality rates, a variety of psychiatric prob-
lems, dysfunctional and violent relationships, poor 
educational achievement, less stable work histories, 
increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases and 
early pregnancy, substance abuse or addiction, and 
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increased reliance on social services as compared to 
non-delinquent girls. 
(5) A growing body of evidence suggests that 
girls who enter the juvenile justice system have 
equal if not higher rates of mental health issues 
than boys who enter the system. 
(6) Current research and data have shown that 
gender-responsive, strength-based programming pro-
viding trauma-informed care and trauma-specific 
services is the most effective means of preventing ju-
venile offenses and reducing recidivism. 
SEC. 2. INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY 
PREVENTION PROGRAMS. 
The second title V of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Act of 1974 (relating to Incentive 
Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs, as 
added by Public Law 102–586 and amended by Public 
Law 107–273) is amended— 
(1) by amending section 502 (42 U.S.C. 5781) 
to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 502. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘In this title: 
‘‘(1) STATE
ADVISORY
GROUP.—The term 
‘State advisory group’ means the advisory group ap-
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pointed by the chief executive officer of a State 
under a plan described in section 223(a). 
‘‘(2) 
GENDER-RESPONSIVE
SERVICES.—The 
term ‘gender-responsive services’ means promising 
practices or evidence-based services that— 
‘‘(A) comprehensively address the needs of 
girls in the juvenile justice system through the 
development or improvement of programs, 
treatment, counseling, and resources, and the 
selection and training of staff, in a manner that 
reflects an understanding of— 
‘‘(i) the unique pathways of girls into 
the juvenile justice system; 
‘‘(ii) the need for interventions that 
address common experiences of girls in the 
juvenile justice system, including histories 
of abuse, violence, broken family relation-
ships, and substance abuse; and 
‘‘(iii) the social and cultural factors 
affecting girls in the juvenile justice system 
and girls who are at risk of entering the 
juvenile justice system; and 
‘‘(B) includes trauma-specific services. 
‘‘(3) TRAUMA-SPECIFIC
SERVICES.—The term 
‘trauma-specific services’ means services that— 
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‘‘(A) address the neurological, biological, 
psychological, and social effects of trauma on 
the victims of trauma; 
‘‘(B) provide resources on trauma expo-
sure, the impact or trauma, and trauma treat-
ment to such victims; 
‘‘(C) engage in efforts to strengthen the 
resilience and protective factors of such victims; 
‘‘(D) include trauma-informed therapeutic 
interventions that are based on an under-
standing of the vulnerabilities or triggers of vic-
tims of trauma, and are designed to provide 
support to, and avoid re-traumatization of, such 
victims; and 
‘‘(E) emphasize continuity of care and col-
laboration among the providers of services to 
such victims.’’; 
(2) in section 504 (42 U.S.C. 5783)— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semi-
colon in paragraph (7); 
(ii) by redesignating paragraph (8) as 
paragraph (9); and 
(iii) by inserting after paragraph (7) 
the following: 
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‘‘(8) gender-responsive services; and’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b)— 
(i) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, 
including a description of how the funds 
made available under this section will in-
crease the effectiveness of such plan and 
the activities to be carried out under such 
plan’’ before the semicolon; and 
(ii) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘, 
including a description of how the funds 
made available under this section will in-
crease the effectiveness of such plan and 
the activities to be carried out under such 
plan’’ before the semicolon; and 
(3) in section 505 (42 U.S.C. 5784), by striking 
‘‘for fiscal years 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 
2008’’ and inserting ‘‘for each of the fiscal years 
2014 through 2019’’. 
Æ 
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