I 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 3583 
To provide accountability with respect to international reporting and 
monitoring of outbreaks of novel viruses and diseases. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 28, 2021 
Mr. FITZPATRICK (for himself and Mr. LAMB) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition 
to the Committees on Financial Services, the Judiciary, and Oversight 
and Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, 
in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the juris-
diction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To provide accountability with respect to international report-
ing and monitoring of outbreaks of novel viruses and 
diseases. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Never Again Inter-
national Outbreak Prevention Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. LISTS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES BASED ON COMPLI-
ANCE 
WITH 
INTERNATIONAL 
REPORTING 
AND MONITORING OF OUTBREAKS OF NOVEL 
VIRUSES AND DISEASES. 
(a) LISTS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES.— 
(1) TIER 1 LIST.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall establish a list 
of foreign countries that the Secretary deter-
mines meet the requirements described in sub-
section (b). 
(B) REFERENCE.—The list of foreign 
countries established under this paragraph shall 
be referred to as the ‘‘Tier 1 list’’. 
(2) TIER 2 LIST.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall establish a list 
of foreign countries that the Secretary deter-
mines do not meet the requirements described 
in subsection (b) but are capable of meeting 
such requirements. 
(B) REVIEW.—The Secretary of State 
shall conduct a review on an ongoing basis of 
each country on the list established under this 
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paragraph to ensure that the country is taking 
appropriate steps to meet the requirements de-
scribed in subsection (b). 
(C) REFERENCE.—The list of foreign 
countries established under this paragraph shall 
be referred to as the ‘‘Tier 2 list’’. 
(3) TIER 3 LIST.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall establish a list 
of foreign countries that the Secretary deter-
mines do not meet the requirements described 
in subsection (b) because such countries are not 
capable, based on financial, security, or govern-
ment infrastructure reasons, of meeting such 
requirements. 
(B) REFERENCE.—The list of foreign 
countries established under this paragraph shall 
be referred to as the ‘‘Tier 3 list’’. 
(4) UPDATES.—The Secretary of State shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
an updated Tier 1 list under paragraph (1), an up-
dated Tier 2 list under paragraph (2), and an up-
dated Tier 3 list under paragraph (3)— 
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(A) not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and annually 
thereafter; and 
(B) as new information becomes available. 
(b) INTERNATIONAL REPORTING AND MONITORING 
REQUIREMENTS
DESCRIBED.—The requirements de-
scribed in this subsection are the following: 
(1) The foreign country has established proce-
dures and standards to comply with established 
international ‘‘sentinel surveillance’’ systems to col-
lect data, identify trends, identify outbreaks, and 
provide monitoring with respect to the burden of dis-
ease in a community. 
(2) The foreign country has established proce-
dures and standards to ensure that novel viruses 
and diseases are reported such international ‘‘sen-
tinel surveillance’’ systems not later than 3 days 
after identification. 
(c) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
tion may be construed to apply with respect to the terri-
tory of a foreign country with respect to which the inter-
nationally recognized government of the country does not 
control due to armed conflict. 
(d) INCLUSION IN ANNUAL UNITED STATES GOV-
ERNMENT GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY.—The 
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President shall ensure that the requirements of this sec-
tion are appropriately reflected in the annual United 
States Government Global Health Security Strategy. 
SEC. 3. PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOR-
EIGN COUNTRIES ON THE TIER 2 LIST. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The President, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, shall take one or more of the 
actions described in subsection (b) (or commensurate ac-
tion in substitution thereto) with respect to a foreign coun-
try that is on the Tier 2 list established under section 2(a). 
(b) DESCRIPTION OF PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS.—The 
Presidential actions referred to in this subsection are the 
following: 
(1) A private demarche. 
(2) An official public demarche. 
(3) A public condemnation. 
(4) A public condemnation within one or more 
multilateral fora. 
(5) The delay or cancellation of one or more 
scientific exchanges. 
(6) The delay or cancellation of one or more 
cultural exchanges. 
(7) The denial of one or more working, official, 
or state visits. 
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(8) The delay or cancellation of one or more 
working, official, or state visits. 
(9) The withdrawal, limitation, or suspension of 
United States development assistance in accordance 
with section 116 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961. 
(10) The withdrawal, limitation, or suspension 
of United States security assistance in accordance 
with section 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961. 
(11) Consistent with section 701 of the Inter-
national Financial Institutions Act of 1977, direct-
ing the United States executive directors of inter-
national financial institutions to oppose and vote 
against loans primarily benefiting the specific for-
eign government, agency, instrumentality. 
(12) Ordering the heads of the appropriate 
United States agencies not to issue any (or a speci-
fied number of) specific licenses, and not to grant 
any other specific authority (or a specified number 
of authorities), to export any goods or technology to 
the specific foreign government, agency, instrumen-
tality under— 
(A) the Export Control Reform Act of 
2018; 
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