‘‘(A) radar surveillance systems; 
‘‘(B) Vehicle and Dismount Exploitation 
Radars (VADER); 
‘‘(C) 3-dimensional, seismic acoustic detec-
tion and ranging border tunneling detection 
technology; 
‘‘(D) sensors; 
‘‘(E) unmanned cameras; 
‘‘(F) man-portable and mobile vehicle- 
mounted unmanned aerial vehicles; and 
‘‘(G) any other devices, tools, or systems 
found to be more effective or advanced than 
those specified in subparagraphs (A) through 
(F).’’. 
SEC. 212. COMPREHENSIVE SOUTHERN BORDER STRATEGY. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Home-
land Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a 
comprehensive southern border strategy. 
(b) CONTENTS.—The strategy submitted under sub-
section (a) shall include— 
(1) a list of known physical barriers, levees, 
technologies, tools, and other devices that can be 
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used to achieve and maintain situational awareness 
and operational control along the southern border; 
(2) a projected per mile cost estimate for each 
physical barrier, levee, technology, tool, and other 
device included on the list required under paragraph 
(1); 
(3) a detailed account of which type of physical 
barrier, levee, technology, tool, or other device the 
Department of Homeland Security believes is nec-
essary to achieve and maintain situational awareness 
and operational control for each linear mile of the 
southern border; 
(4) an explanation for why such physical bar-
rier, levee, technology, tool, or other device was cho-
sen to achieve and maintain situational awareness 
and operational control for each linear mile of the 
southern border, including— 
(A) the methodology used to determine 
which type of physical barrier, levee, technology, 
tool, or other device was chosen for such linear 
mile; 
(B) an examination of existing manmade 
and natural barriers for each linear mile of the 
southern border; 
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(C) the information collected and evaluated 
from— 
(i) the appropriate U.S. Customs and 
Border Protection Sector Chief; 
(ii) the Joint Task Force Commander; 
(iii) the appropriate State Governor; 
(iv) tribal government officials; 
(v) border county and city elected offi-
cials; 
(vi) local law enforcement officials; 
(vii) private property owners; 
(viii) local community groups, includ-
ing human rights organizations; and 
(ix) other affected stakeholders; and 
(D) a privacy evaluation conducted by the 
Privacy Officer of the Department of Homeland 
Security, in accordance with the responsibilities 
and authorities under section 222 of the Home-
land Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 142), for 
each such physical barrier, levee, technology, 
tool, or other device; 
(5) a per mile cost calculation for each linear 
mile of the southern border given the type of phys-
ical barrier, levee, technology, tool, or other device 
chosen to achieve and maintain situational aware-
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ness and operational control for each linear mile; 
and 
(6) a cost justification for each time a more ex-
pensive physical barrier, levee, technology, tool, or 
other device is chosen over a less expensive option, 
as established by the per mile cost estimates re-
quired in paragraph (2). 
SEC. 213. CONTROL OR ERADICATION OF CARRIZO CANE 
AND SALT CEDAR. 
Not later than January 20, 2019, the Secretary, after 
coordinating with the heads of relevant Federal, State, 
and local agencies, shall begin controlling or eradicating, 
as appropriate, the carrizo cane plant and any salt cedar 
along the Rio Grande River. 
SEC. 214. AIR AND MARINE OPERATIONS FLIGHT HOURS. 
(a) INCREASED FLIGHT HOURS.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that not fewer than 95,000 annual flight 
hours are executed by Air and Marine Operations of U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection, with adequate account-
ability and oversight, including strong privacy protections. 
(b) UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that Air and Marine Operations operate un-
manned aerial systems for not less than 24 hours per day 
for not fewer than five days per week. 
(c) STUDY AND REPORT.— 
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(1) STUDY.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall commence a comprehensive study to— 
(A) identify deficiencies and opportunities 
for improvement in the capability of Air and 
Marine Operations to fulfill air and marine sup-
port requirements for the U.S. Border Patrol 
and other components of the Department of 
Homeland Security, including support in critical 
source and transit zones; 
(B) assess whether such requirements 
could better be fulfilled through the realignment 
of Air and Marine Operations as a directorate 
of the U.S. Border Patrol; and 
(C) identify deficiencies and opportunities 
for improvement in the capabilities of the U.S. 
Border Patrol and other departmental compo-
nents to develop rigorous estimates of such re-
quirements. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Secu-
rity of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Af-
fairs of the Senate a report containing the results of 
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the study required under paragraph (1), including 
recommendations and timeframes for implementing 
the recommendations contained in such study. 
SEC. 215. PORTS OF ENTRY INFRASTRUCTURE. 
(a) ADDITIONAL PORTS OF ENTRY.— 
(1) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary may construct 
new ports of entry along the northern border and 
southern border and determine the location of any 
such new ports of entry. 
(2) CONSULTATION.— 
(A) REQUIREMENT
TO
CONSULT.—The 
Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of 
the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the 
Administrator of General Services, and appro-
priate representatives of State and local govern-
ments, tribal governments, community groups, 
and property owners in the United States prior 
to selecting a location for any new port con-
structed pursuant to paragraph (1). 
(B) CONSIDERATIONS.—The purpose of 
the consultations required by subparagraph (A) 
shall be to minimize any negative impacts of 
any proposed new port on the environment, cul-
ture, commerce, and quality of life of the com-
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munities and residents located near such new 
port. 
(b) EXPANSION AND MODERNIZATION OF HIGH-VOL-
UME SOUTHERN BORDER PORTS OF ENTRY.—Not later 
than September 30, 2018, the Secretary shall provide to 
the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee 
on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, 
and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives a plan to expand the pri-
mary and secondary inspection lanes for vehicle, cargo, 
and pedestrian inbound and outbound inspection lanes at 
the top ten high-volume ports of entry on the southern 
border, as determined by the Secretary. 
(c) ESTIMATES OF INSPECTION PROCESSING GOALS 
AND WAIT-TIME STANDARDS.—The plan required pursu-
ant to subsection (b) shall be based on estimates by the 
Secretary of the number of such inspection lanes required 
to meet inspection processing goals and wait-time stand-
ards established by the Secretary. 
(d) PORT OF ENTRY PRIORITIZATION.—Prior to con-
structing any new ports of entry pursuant to subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall complete the expansion and mod-
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ernization of ports of entry pursuant to subsection (b), 
to the extent practicable. 
Subtitle B—Grants 
SEC. 221. OPERATION STONEGARDEN. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle A of title XX of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 2009. OPERATION STONEGARDEN. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the 
Department a program, which shall be known as ‘Oper-
ation Stonegarden’, under which the Secretary, acting 
through the Administrator, shall make grants to eligible 
law enforcement agencies, through the State administra-
tive agency, to enhance border security in accordance with 
this section. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS.—To be eligible to re-
ceive a grant under this section, a law enforcement agen-
cy— 
‘‘(1) shall be located in— 
‘‘(A) a State bordering Canada or Mexico; 
or 
‘‘(B) a State or territory with a maritime 
border; and 
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‘‘(2) shall be involved in an active, ongoing, 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection operation co-
ordinated through a sector or field office. 
‘‘(c) PERMITTED USES.—The recipient of a grant 
under this section may use such grant for— 
‘‘(1) equipment, including maintenance and 
sustainment costs; 
‘‘(2) any cost or activity permitted for Oper-
ation Stonegarden under the Department of Home-
land Security’s Fiscal Year 2017 Homeland Security 
Grant Program Notice of Funding Opportunity; and 
‘‘(3) any other appropriate border security ac-
tivity, as determined by the Administrator, in con-
sultation with the Commissioner of U.S. Customs 
and Border Protection. 
‘‘(d) PERIOD
OF PERFORMANCE.—The Secretary 
shall award grants under this section to grant recipients 
for a period of not less than 36 months. 
‘‘(e) REPORT.—For each of the fiscal years 2018 
through 2022, the Administrator shall submit to the Com-
mittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 
of the Senate and the Committee on Homeland Security 
of the House of Representatives a report that contains in-
formation on the expenditure of grants made under this 
section by each grant recipient. 
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‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
is authorized to be appropriated $110,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2018 through 2022 for grants under this 
section.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection (a) of 
section 2002 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 
U.S.C. 603) is amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary, through 
the Administrator, may award grants under sections 2003, 
2004, and 2009 to State, local, and tribal governments, 
as appropriate.’’. 
(c) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
in section 1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 
2008 the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 2009. Operation Stonegarden.’’. 
SEC. 222. SOUTHERN BORDER REGION EMERGENCY COM-
MUNICATIONS GRANT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation 
with the Governors of the States located on the southern 
border, shall establish a two-year grant program to im-
prove emergency communications in the southern border 
region. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS.—An individual is eli-
gible for a grant under this section if the individual dem-
onstrates that the individual— 
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(1) regularly resides or works in a State on the 
southern border; and 
(2) is at greater risk of border violence due to 
a lack of cellular and LTE network service at the in-
dividual’s residence or business and the individual’s 
proximity to the southern border. 
(c) USE OF GRANTS.—Grants awarded under this 
section may be used to purchase satellite telephone com-
munications systems and services that— 
(1) can provide access to 9–1–1 service; and 
(2) are equipped with receivers for the Global 
Positioning System. 
TITLE III—REDUCING SIGNIFI-
CANT DELAYS IN IMMIGRA-
TION COURT 
SEC. 301. ELIMINATE IMMIGRATION COURT BACKLOGS. 
(a) ANNUAL INCREASES IN IMMIGRATION JUDGES.— 
The Attorney General of the United States shall increase 
the total number of immigration judges to adjudicate 
pending cases and efficiently process future cases by at 
least— 
(1) 55 judges during fiscal year 2018; 
(2) an additional 55 judges during fiscal year 
2019; and 
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