(5) 
PILOT
PROJECTS.—The 
term 
‘‘pilot 
projects’’ means the projects required under section 
3(a) for testing and assessing the use of technologies 
to improve the inspection process at land ports of 
entry. 
SEC. 3. PILOT PROJECTS ALLOWING ADDITIONAL TECH-
NOLOGY PROVIDERS TO PARTICIPATE IN IN-
SPECTING CARS, TRUCKS, AND CARGO CON-
TAINERS AT CERTAIN PORTS OF ENTRY. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Homeland Security, acting through CBP Innova-
tion Team, and in coordination with the Office of 
Field Operations and the Department of Homeland 
Security Science and Technology Directorate, shall 
begin the implementation of pilot projects for testing 
and assessing the use of technologies or technology 
enhancements to improve the process for inspecting, 
including by increasing efficiencies of such inspec-
tions, any conveyance or mode of transportation at 
land ports of entry along the borders of the United 
States. The technologies or technology enhancements 
tested and assessed under the pilot projects shall be 
for the purpose of assisting U.S. Customs and Bor-
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der Protection personnel to detect contraband, illegal 
drugs, illegal weapons, human smuggling, and 
threats on inbound and outbound traffic, in conjunc-
tion with the use of imaging equipment, radiation 
portal monitors, and chemical detectors. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—In implementing the 
pilot projects at ports of entry, the CBP Inno-
vation Team, in coordination with the Depart-
ment of Homeland Security Science and Tech-
nology Directorate, shall test and collect data 
regarding not fewer than 5 types of nonintru-
sive inspection technology enhancements that 
can be deployed at land ports of entry. The 
CBP Innovation Team shall test technology en-
hancements from not fewer than 1 of the fol-
lowing categories: 
(i) Artificial intelligence. 
(ii) Machine learning. 
(iii) High-performance computing. 
(iv) Quantum information sciences, in-
cluding quantum sensing. 
(v) Other emerging technologies. 
(B) IDENTIFICATION
OF
EFFECTIVE
EN-
HANCEMENTS.—The pilot projects shall identify 
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the most effective types of technology enhance-
ments to improve the capabilities of nonintru-
sive inspection systems and other inspection 
systems used at land ports of entry based on— 
(i) the technology enhancement’s abil-
ity to assist U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection accurately detect contraband, il-
legal drugs, illegal weapons, human smug-
gling, or threats in inbound and outbound 
traffic; 
(ii) the technology enhancement’s abil-
ity to increase efficiencies of inspections to 
assist U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
address long wait times; 
(iii) the technology enhancement’s 
ability to improve capabilities of aging de-
tection equipment and infrastructure at 
land ports of entry; 
(iv) the technology enhancement’s 
safety relative to As Low As Reasonably 
Achievable (ALARA) standard practices; 
(v) the ability to integrate the new 
technology into the existing workflow and 
infrastructure; 
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(vi) the technology enhancement’s 
ability to incorporate automatic threat rec-
ognition technology using standard formats 
and open architecture; 
(vii) the mobility of technology en-
hancements; and 
(viii) other performance measures 
identified by the CBP Innovation Team. 
(C) PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT.—The 
CBP Innovation Team may solicit input from 
representatives of the private sector regarding 
commercially viable technologies. 
(D) 
COST
EFFECTIVENESS
REQUIRE-
MENT.—In identifying the most effective types 
of technology enhancements under subpara-
graph (B), the pilot projects shall prioritize so-
lutions that demonstrate the highest cost-effec-
tiveness in achievement the objectives described 
in clauses (i) through (ix) of subparagraph (B). 
Cost effectiveness shall account for improved 
detection capabilities, increased inspection effi-
ciencies, reduced wait times, and total cost of 
implementation (including infrastructure up-
grades and maintenance expenses). 
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(3) NONINTRUSIVE INSPECTION SYSTEMS PRO-
GRAM.—The CBP Innovation Team shall work with 
existing nonintrusive inspection systems programs 
within U.S. Customs and Border Protection when 
planning and developing the pilot projects required 
under paragraph (1). 
(4) DATA
PRIVACY
PROTECTIONS.—In imple-
menting the pilot projects and utilizing new tech-
nologies, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
safeguard the privacy and security of personal data 
collected during inspections through appropriate 
measures, including— 
(A) adherence to relevant privacy laws and 
regulations; 
(B) implementation of data anonymization 
techniques, if applicable; and 
(C) regular audits to assess compliance 
with data privacy standards. 
(5) 
SCIENCE
AND
TECHNOLOGY
DIREC-
TORATE.—The CBP Innovation Team shall work 
with the Department of Homeland Security Science 
and Technology Directorate to align existing non-
intrusive inspection research and development efforts 
within the Science and Technology Directorate when 
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planning and developing pilot projects required 
under paragraph (1). 
(b) TERMINATION.—The pilot projects shall termi-
nate on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act. 
(c) REPORTS REQUIRED.—Not later than 3 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 180 days 
after the termination of the pilot projects pursuant to sub-
section (b), the Secretary of Homeland Security shall sub-
mit a report to the appropriate congressional committees 
that contains— 
(1) an analysis of the effectiveness of tech-
nology enhancements tested based on the require-
ments described in subsection (a)(2); 
(2) any recommendations from the testing and 
analysis concerning the ability to utilize such tech-
nologies at all land ports of entry; 
(3) a plan to utilize new technologies that meet 
the performance goals of the pilot projects across all 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection land ports of 
entry at the border, including total costs and a 
breakdown of the costs of such plan, including any 
infrastructure improvements that may be required to 
accommodate recommended technology enhance-
ments; 
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(4) a comprehensive list of existing technologies 
owned and utilized by U.S. Customs and Border 
protection for cargo and vehicle inspection, includ-
ing— 
(A) details on the implementation status of 
such technologies, such as whether the tech-
nologies have been fully installed and utilized, 
or whether there are challenges with the instal-
lation and utilization of the technology; 
(B) an evaluation of the compatibility, 
interoperability, and scalability of existing cargo 
and vehicle inspection technologies within U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection’s physical and 
information technology infrastructure; and 
(C) identification of any obstacles to the 
effective deployment and integration of such 
technologies; and 
(5) the analysis described in subsection (d). 
(d) AREAS OF ANALYSIS.—The report required under 
subsection (c) shall include an analysis containing— 
(1) quantitative measurements of performance 
based on the requirements described in subsection 
(a)(2) of each technology tested compared with the 
status quo to reveal a broad picture of the perform-
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ance of technologies and technology enhancements, 
such as— 
(A) the probability of detection, false alarm 
rate, and throughput; and 
(B) an analysis determining whether such 
observed performance represents a significant 
increase, decrease, or no change compared with 
current systems; 
(2) an assessment of the relative merits of each 
such technology; 
(3) any descriptive trends and patterns ob-
served; and 
(4) performance measures for— 
(A) the technology enhancement’s ability to 
assist with the detection of contraband on in-
bound and outbound traffic through automated 
(primary) inspection by measuring and report-
ing the probability of detection and false alarm 
rate for each NII system under operational con-
ditions; 
(B) the throughput of cargo through each 
NII system with a technology enhancement, in-
cluding a breakdown of the time needed for 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection— 
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(i) to complete the image review proc-
ess and clear low-risk shipments; and 
(ii) to complete additional inspections 
of high-risk items; 
(C) changes in U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection officer time commitments and per-
sonnel needs to sustain high volume NII scan-
ning operations when technology enhancements 
are utilized; and 
(D) operational costs, including— 
(i) estimated implementation costs for 
each NII system with technology enhance-
ments; and 
(ii) estimated cost savings due to im-
proved efficiency due to technology en-
hancements, if applicable. 
(e) PRIVACY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES REPORTS.—The 
Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the 
CBP Innovation Team and other appropriate offices, 
shall— 
(1) prior to the implementation of these tech-
nologies, submit— 
(A) a report or reports to the appropriate 
congressional committees regarding the poten-
tial privacy, civil liberties, and civil rights im-
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pacts of technologies being tested under the 
pilot projects pursuant to this section, including 
an analysis of the impacts of the technology en-
hancements on individuals crossing the United 
States border; and 
(B) recommendations for mitigation meas-
ures to address any identified impacts; and 
(2) not later than 180 days after the termi-
nation of the pilot projects pursuant to subsection 
(b), submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees containing— 
(A) findings on the impacts to privacy, 
civil rights, and civil liberties resulting from the 
pilot projects; 
(B) recommendations for mitigating these 
impacts in implementation of approved tech-
nologies; and 
(C) any additional recommendations based 
on the lessons learned from the pilot projects. 
(f) PROHIBITION
ON NEW APPROPRIATIONS.—No 
additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to 
carry out this Act. 
Æ 
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