I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 6350 
To protect the name, image, and likeness rights of college athletes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
DECEMBER 2, 2025 
Mrs. TRAHAN (for herself, Ms. MCCLELLAN, Mr. MAGAZINER, Mr. CARTER 
of Louisiana, Mr. STANTON, Mr. MULLIN, Mr. MCGOVERN, Ms. SCAN-
LON, Mr. TONKO, Ms. LEGER FERNANDEZ, Ms. LEE of Nevada, Mr. 
COSTA, Ms. LOIS FRANKEL of Florida, Mr. RUIZ, Mr. TRAN, Ms. 
MCCOLLUM, and Ms. JOHNSON of Texas) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in 
addition to the Committees on the Judiciary, and Education and Work-
force, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each 
case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of 
the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To protect the name, image, and likeness rights of college 
athletes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘College Athletics Re-
form Act’’. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
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(1) ATHLETE
AGENT.—The term ‘‘athlete 
agent’’ has the meaning given the term in section 2 
of the Sports Agent Responsibility and Trust Act 
(15 U.S.C. 7801). 
(2) ANTITRUST
LAWS.—The term ‘‘antitrust 
laws’’ has the meaning given such term in the first 
section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12) and in-
cludes section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission 
Act (15 U.S.C. 45) to the extent that such section 
5 applies to unfair methods of competition. 
(3) COLLEGE
ATHLETE.—The term ‘‘college 
athlete’’ means— 
(A) any individual who is enrolled (or has 
agreed to enroll) at an institution and partici-
pates in an intercollegiate sports team of such 
institution; and 
(B) any individual who is solicited to enroll 
at an institution by, or at the direction of an 
employee of, the institution in order for such in-
dividual to participate in an intercollegiate 
sports team of such institution. 
(4) COMPENSATION.—The term ‘‘compensa-
tion’’ means, with respect to a college athlete, any 
form of payment or remuneration, whether provided 
through cash, benefits, awards, or any other means. 
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(5) CONFERENCE.—The term ‘‘conference’’ 
means an entity that— 
(A) has as members 2 or more institutions; 
(B) arranges regular season intercollegiate 
athletic competitions and championships for 
such members; and 
(C) sets rules with respect to such inter-
collegiate athletic competitions and champion-
ships. 
(6) IMAGE.—The term ‘‘image’’ means, with re-
spect to a college athlete, any visual depiction that 
identifies, is linked to, or is reasonably linkable to 
the college athlete. 
(7) INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘institution’’ has 
the meaning given the term ‘‘institution of higher 
education’’ in section 101 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). 
(8) 
INTERCOLLEGIATE
ATHLETIC
ASSOCIA-
TION.—The term ‘‘intercollegiate athletic associa-
tion’’ means any entity that— 
(A) sets common rules, standards, proce-
dures, or guidelines for the administration and 
regulation of intercollegiate sports teams and 
intercollegiate athletics competitions; and 
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(B) is composed of 2 or more institutions 
or conferences located in more than 1 State. 
(9) INTERCOLLEGIATE
ATHLETIC
COMPETI-
TION.—The term ‘‘intercollegiate athletic competi-
tion’’ means any contest, game, meet, match, tour-
nament, regatta, or other event in which intercolle-
giate sports teams of more than 1 institution com-
pete. 
(10) INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS.—The term 
‘‘intercollegiate athletics’’— 
(A) means the intercollegiate sports teams 
for which eligibility requirements for participa-
tion by college athletes are established by a con-
ference or an intercollegiate athletic association; 
and 
(B) does not include any recreational, in-
tramural, or club teams. 
(11) INTERCOLLEGIATE
SPORTS
TEAM.—The 
term ‘‘intercollegiate sports team’’ means an entity 
composed of an individual or group of individuals 
enrolled at an institution that is organized by such 
institution for the purposes of participation in inter-
collegiate athletic competitions. 
(12) LIKENESS.—The term ‘‘likeness’’, with re-
spect to a college athlete, means a physical or digital 
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depiction or representation that identifies, is linked 
to, or is reasonably linkable to the college athlete. 
(13) NAME.—The term ‘‘name’’, with respect to 
a college athlete, means the first, middle, or last 
name, or the nickname or former name, of the col-
lege athlete when used in a context that identifies, 
is linked to, or is reasonably linkable to the college 
athlete. 
(14) NAME, IMAGE, AND
LIKENESS
AGREE-
MENT.—The term ‘‘name, image, and likeness agree-
ment’’ means a contract or similar written or oral 
agreement under which a college athlete licenses or 
authorizes, or a contract or similar agreement that 
otherwise is in relation to, the commercial use of the 
name, image, or likeness of the college athlete. 
(15) POWER FOUR.—The term ‘‘Power Four’’ 
means the Big Ten Conference, the Southeastern 
Conference, the Atlantic Coast Conference, and the 
Big 12 Conference, or any successors to such con-
ferences. 
(16) PROFESSIONAL
REPRESENTATION.—The 
term ‘‘professional representation’’ means— 
(A) representation provided by an athlete 
agent, financial advisor, or collective representa-
tive; and 
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(B) legal representation provided by an at-
torney. 
(17) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each 
State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
and each commonwealth, territory, or possession of 
the United States. 
SEC. 3. COLLEGE ATHLETE’S NAME, IMAGE, AND LIKENESS 
RIGHTS. 
(a) RIGHT TO RECEIVE COMPENSATION FOR NAME, 
IMAGE, AND LIKENESS.—An intercollegiate athletic asso-
ciation (in this Act referred to as an ‘‘IAA’’), conference, 
or institution may not— 
(1) restrict a college athlete from receiving com-
pensation for the use of the name, image, or likeness 
of such college athlete; or 
(2) take adverse action against a college athlete 
because the college athlete receives compensation for 
the use of the name, image, or likeness of such col-
lege athlete. 
(b) RIGHT
TO REPRESENTATION.—An IAA, con-
ference, or institution may not— 
(1) restrict a college athlete from obtaining pro-
fessional representation; or 
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(2) take adverse action against a college athlete 
because the college athlete obtained professional rep-
resentation. 
(c) RIGHT TO PRIVACY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—An IAA, conference, or insti-
tution may not require a college athlete to disclose 
the terms of a name, image, and likeness (in this 
Act referred to as ‘‘NIL’’) agreement. 
(2) VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE.—If a college ath-
lete voluntarily discloses the terms of an NIL agree-
ment to an IAA, conference, or institution, that 
IAA, conference, or institution may not disclose the 
terms of the agreement to a third-party without the 
express written consent of the college athlete. 
(d) RIGHT
TO
TRANSPARENT
AGREEMENTS.—A 
name, image, and likeness agreement under which a col-
lege athlete is provided compensation in an amount great-
er than $600 shall be voidable by the athlete if such agree-
ment does not satisfy the following: 
(1) The agreement is in writing. 
(2) The agreement contains the following: 
(A) A description of any services to be ren-
dered under the agreement. 
(B) The names of the parties to the agree-
ment. 
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(C) The term of the agreement. 
(D) The amount of compensation to be 
provided to the college athlete under the agree-
ment. 
(E) 
A 
provision 
specifying 
the 
cir-
cumstances or events under which the agree-
ment may be terminated due to nonperformance 
of obligations by the college athlete. 
(F) A provision specifying that the college 
athlete may terminate the agreement, notwith-
standing any other term described in the agree-
ment, beginning immediately after the date on 
which the college athlete is no longer enrolled at 
any institution. 
(G) The signature of the college athlete or, 
if the college athlete is under the age of 18 
years, the signature of the parent or guardian 
of the college athlete. 
(e) INTERNATIONAL ATHLETES.— 
(1) 
ELIGIBILITY
FOR
F
VISAS.—Section 
101(a)(15)(F) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(F)) is amended— 
(A) by striking ‘‘(i) an alien having’’ and 
inserting ‘‘(i)(I) an alien having’’; 
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(B) by redesignating clauses (ii) and (iii) 
as subclauses (II) and (III), respectively; 
(C) by striking the semicolon and inserting 
‘‘; or’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(ii) an alien having a residence in a foreign 
country which he has no intention of abandoning, 
who is a bona fide current college athlete (as defined 
in section 2 of the College Athletics Reform Act) 
qualified to pursue a full course of study at an insti-
tution (as defined in section 2 of the College Ath-
letics Reform Act), and who seeks to enter the 
United States temporarily and for the purpose of 
pursuing a course of study at such an institution, 
that is approved by the Secretary of Homeland Se-
curity, while also participating in intercollegiate ath-
letics, which institution shall have agreed to report 
to the Secretary of Homeland Security the termi-
nation of attendance of each nonimmigrant student, 
and if any such institution fails to make reports 
promptly the approval shall be withdrawn;’’. 
(2) NAME, IMAGE, AND LIKENESS ACTIVITIES 
BY INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE ATHLETES.—Section 
212(a)(5)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality 
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Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(5)(A)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘(v) INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE ATH-
LETES.—Notwithstanding clause (i), an 
alien who seeks admission to the United 
States to compete in intercollegiate ath-
letics as an international college athlete 
nonimmigrant described in subparagraph 
(F)(ii) of section 101(a)(15) shall not be 
inadmissible for having participated or en-
gaged in activities described in section 3 of 
the College Athletics Reform Act (relating 
to the marketing of the name, image, or 
likeness, of the alien), individually or as a 
member of a group of athletes, and such 
activities shall not constitute a violation of 
or failure to maintain such nonimmigrant 
status.’’. 
(f) ENFORCEMENT.— 
(1) ENFORCEMENT BY FEDERAL TRADE COM-
MISSION.— 
(A) UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRAC-
TICES.—A violation of this section (other than 
the amendments made by subsection (e)) shall 
be treated as a violation of a regulation under 
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section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Com-
mission Act (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)) regarding 
unfair or deceptive acts or practices. 
(B) POWERS OF COMMISSION.—The Fed-
eral Trade Commission shall enforce this sec-
tion in the same manner, by the same means, 
and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and du-
ties as though all applicable terms and provi-
sions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 
U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated into and 
made a part of this section. Any person who 
violates such section shall be subject to the pen-
alties and entitled to the privileges and immuni-
ties provided in the Federal Trade Commission 
Act. 
(C) NONPROFIT
ORGANIZATIONS.—Not-
withstanding section 4, 5(a)(2), or 6 of the 
Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 44; 
45(a)(2); 46) or any jurisdictional limitation of 
the Federal Trade Commission, the Federal 
Trade Commission shall also enforce this sec-
tion in the same manner provided in subpara-
graphs (A) and (B) with respect to organiza-
tions not organized to carry on business for 
their own profit or that of their members. 
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(2) ACTIONS BY STATES.—In any case in which 
the attorney general of a State, or an official or 
agency of a State, has reason to believe that an in-
terest of the residents of such State has been or is 
threatened or adversely affected by an act or prac-
tice in violation of this Act, the State, as parens 
patriae, may bring a civil action on behalf of the col-
lege athletes enrolled at an institution of the State 
in an appropriate district court of the United States 
to— 
(A) enjoin such act or practice; 
(B) enforce compliance with this section; 
(C) obtain damages, restitution, or other 
compensation on behalf of residents of the 
State; or 
(D) obtain such other legal and equitable 
relief as the court may consider to be appro-
priate. 
(3) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Any college athlete or 
group of college athletes injured by a violation 
of this section may bring a civil action against 
an IAA, conference, or institution for such vio-
lation in the appropriate United States district 
court to receive appropriate relief, including 
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preliminary and other equitable or declaratory 
relief and actual damages. 
(B) COSTS
AND
FEES.—In an action 
brought under this paragraph, a court may 
award court costs and attorney’s fees to the 
prevailing plaintiff. 
(g) PREEMPTION.—The provisions of this section 
shall preempt any provision of a State law, rule, regula-
tion, requirement, standard, or other provision having the 
force and effect of law that conflicts with a provision of 
this section. Nothing in this section shall be construed to 
prohibit a State from enacting a law, rule, or regulation 
that provides more expansive rights to college athletes 
than the rights provided by the provisions of this section. 
SEC. 4. REGULATING SPORTS AGENTS. 
(a) UPDATES TO SPORTS AGENT RESPONSIBILITY 
AND TRUST ACT.—The Sports Agent Responsibility and 
Trust Act (15 U.S.C. 7801 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 3— 
(A) in subsection (a)— 
(i) by redesignating paragraphs (2) 
and (3) as paragraphs (5) and (6), respec-
tively; and 
(ii) by inserting after paragraph (1) 
the following: 
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‘‘(2) charge a student athlete a fee with respect 
to an endorsement contract that is in an amount 
that is greater than 4 percent of the amount of the 
compensation provided to such student athlete under 
such contract; 
‘‘(3) represent a student athlete for an endorse-
ment contract without the athlete agent first reg-
istering as an agent with a State and certifying to 
an athletic association governing the intercollegiate 
sport the student athlete participates in that the 
athlete agent is registered with a State; 
‘‘(4) enter into an agency contract with a stu-
dent athlete that does not include a provision speci-
fying that the student athlete may terminate the 
agency contract, notwithstanding any other term de-
scribed in the agency contract, beginning on the date 
that is immediately after the date on which the stu-
dent athlete is no longer enrolled at any institution 
(as defined in section 2 of the College Athletics Re-
form Act);’’; and 
(B) in subsection (b)(3), by striking 
‘‘Warning to Student Athlete: If you agree oral-
ly or in writing to be represented by an agent 
now or in the future you may lose your eligi-
bility to compete as a student athlete in your 
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sport.’’ and inserting ‘‘Notice to Student Ath-
lete:’’; and 
(2) in section 8, by striking ‘‘Uniform Athlete 
Agents Act of 2000’’ and inserting ‘‘Revised Uni-
form Athlete Agents Act’’. 
(b) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION STUDY.— 
(1) STUDY.—The Federal Trade Commission 
shall conduct a study to analyze the impacts of es-
tablishing a program, administered by an entity 
independent of any institution, conference, or inter-
collegiate athletic association, to develop standards 
for, certify as compliant with such standards, and 
otherwise regulate athlete agents who enter into 
agreements with college athletes, which shall include 
an analysis of— 
(A) options for establishing such a pro-
gram; 
(B) potential sources of funding for such a 
program; 
(C) a reasonable timeline for establishing 
such a program; and 
(D) the costs and benefits associated with 
such a program. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal Trade 
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Commission shall submit to Congress a report on 
the results of the study conducted under paragraph 
(1), which shall include legislative recommendations 
with respect to the establishment and funding of the 
program described in such paragraph. 
SEC. 5. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the 
legislative branch the Commission to Stabilize College 
Sports (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Commission’’). 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) COMPOSITION.— 
(A) MEMBERS.—The Commission shall be 
composed of 16 members, of whom— 
(i) 4 shall be appointed by the Chair 
of the Committee on Health, Education, 
Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the 
Chair of the Committee on Education and 
Workforce of the House of Representa-
tives, and not fewer than 2 of these mem-
bers shall currently or previously have par-
ticipated in intercollegiate athletics; 
(ii) 4 shall be appointed by the rank-
ing minority member of the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
the Senate and the ranking minority mem-
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ber of the Committee on Education and 
Workforce of the House of Representa-
tives, and not fewer than 2 of these mem-
bers shall currently or previously have par-
ticipated in intercollegiate athletics; 
(iii) 4 shall be appointed by the Chair 
of the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate and the 
Chair of the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representa-
tives, and not fewer than 2 of these mem-
bers shall currently or previously have par-
ticipated in intercollegiate athletics; and 
(iv) 4 shall be appointed by the rank-
ing minority member of the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the Senate and the ranking minority mem-
ber of the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives, 
and not fewer than 2 of these members 
shall currently or previously have partici-
pated in intercollegiate athletics. 
(B) QUALIFICATIONS.—Each member ap-
pointed under subparagraph (A) shall have ex-
perience in one or more of the following areas: 
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(i) Professional or college athletics, in-
cluding participation, administration, gov-
ernance, and media. 
(ii) Enforcement of Federal statutes 
covering college athletics, including title IX 
of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 
U.S.C. 1681 et seq.). 
(iii) Employment and labor issues, es-
pecially collective bargaining. 
(iv) Civil rights issues, including fair-
ness and advocacy. 
(v) Leadership experience at a non- 
Power Four institution, especially a his-
torically Black college or university. 
(C) DIVERSITY
OF
QUALIFICATIONS.—In 
making appointments to the Commission under 
subparagraph (A), the congressional leaders 
shall not appoint more than 8 members affili-
ated with the Power Four, including institu-
tions who are members of the Power Four. 
(2) CO-CHAIRS.—The Commission shall have 
two co-Chairs, selected from among the members of 
the Commission and jointly agreed upon by the 
Chairs and ranking minority members of the Com-
mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
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of the Senate, the Committee on Education and 
Workforce of the House of Representatives, the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce of the House of Representatives. 
(c) DATE AND PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—The ap-
pointments of the members of the Commission shall be 
made not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act. Members shall be appointed for the life of the 
Commission. 
(d) INITIAL MEETING.—The Commission shall meet 
and begin the operations of the Commission as soon as 
practicable. 
(e) QUORUM; VACANCIES.—After the initial meeting, 
the Commission shall meet upon the call of the co-Chairs 
or a majority of its members. Ten members of the Com-
mission shall constitute a quorum. Any vacancy in the 
Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled 
in the same manner in which the original appointment was 
made. 
(f) DUTIES OF COMMISSION.— 
(1) STUDY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall 
conduct a study on matters related to the gov-
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ernance of college athletics in the United 
States. 
(B) MATTERS
STUDIED.—The matters 
studied by the Commission shall include— 
(i) proper roles of intercollegiate ath-
letic associations, conferences, institutions, 
and governmental entities in the govern-
ance of college athletics; 
(ii) with respect to collective bar-
gaining between college athletes and inter-
collegiate athletic associations, conferences, 
or institutions on bargaining subjects such 
as compensation (including equitable rev-
enue sharing), the transfer portal, athlete 
health and safety (including independent 
medical care), eligibility, academic stand-
ards, and time and travel requirements— 
(I) methods and effects of Con-
gress enabling collective bargaining 
without classifying college athletes as 
employees; and 
(II) barriers and solutions to col-
lective bargaining without congres-
sional intervention; 
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(iii) methods and effects of Congress 
chartering a new organization, similar to 
the United States Olympic & Paralympic 
Committee, to negotiate college sports’ 
media rights and govern college athletics, 
and providing athletes adequate represen-
tation and voting power within such an or-
ganization; 
(iv) the state of title IX, especially en-
forcement by the Department of Education 
and the statute’s impact on direct com-
pensation and opportunities related to 
NIL; and 
(v) how additional revenue generated 
by the pooling and selling of institutions’ 
television rights, in accordance with section 
6, can be deployed to protect and expand 
opportunities in women’s and nonrevenue 
sports and support athletic programs at 
non-Power Four schools, especially histori-
cally Black colleges and universities, in-
cluding by revenue sharing directly with 
athletes. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date on which a majority of the members of the 
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Commission have been appointed, the Commission 
shall submit a report to the majority and minority 
leaders of the Senate, the Speaker of the House, the 
minority leader of the House, and the Chairs and 
ranking minority members of the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Sen-
ate, the Committee on Education and Workforce of 
the House of Representatives, the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Sen-
ate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives which shall contain a 
detailed statement of the findings and conclusions of 
the Commission, together with its recommendations 
for such legislation as it considers appropriate. The 
Commission shall make the report publicly available 
on a website owned and operated by Congress. 
(g) POWERS OF COMMISSION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission may— 
(A) hold such hearings, sit and act at such 
times and places, take such testimony, and re-
ceive such evidence as the Commission con-
siders advisable to carry out this Act; and 
(B) subpoena an intercollegiate athletic as-
sociation, conference, institution, or individual 
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the testimony of whom may be relevant to the 
purpose of the Commission. 
(2) INFORMATION FROM FEDERAL AGENCIES.— 
On request by the executive director of the Commis-
sion, the head of a Federal agency shall furnish in-
formation to the Commission. 
(3) POSTAL SERVICES.—The Commission may 
use the United States mail in the same manner and 
under the same conditions as other departments and 
agencies of the Federal Government. 
(4) GIFTS.—The Commission may accept, use, 
and dispose of gifts or donations of services or prop-
erty. 
(h) STAFF.—The co-Chairs of the Commission, in ac-
cordance with rules agreed upon by the Commission, shall 
appoint and fix the compensation of an executive director 
and such other personnel as may be necessary to enable 
the Commission to carry out its duties, without regard to 
the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing 
appointments in the competitive service, and without re-
gard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III 
of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and 
General Schedule pay rates, except that no rate of pay 
fixed under this subsection may exceed the equivalent of 
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tively, at the institution, in the aggregate and 
disaggregated by each men’s sport and each 
women’s sport. 
‘‘(L) The total number of men that prac-
tice on women’s varsity teams, in the aggregate 
and disaggregated by each women’s sport. 
‘‘(M) The number of male students, and 
the number of female students, participating in 
collegiate (including intramural and club) 
sports at the institution. 
‘‘(N) An identification, description, and 
demonstration of the part of the three-part test, 
as published by the Department of Education 
titled ‘Title IX of the Education Amendments 
of 1972; a Policy Interpretation; Title IX and 
Intercollegiate Athletics’ (44 Fed. Reg. 71413, 
December 11, 1979), that the institution as-
serts its intercollegiate athletics program satis-
fies for the purposes of compliance with title 
IX. 
‘‘(O) A certification that the institution 
has verified the information submitted in the 
report under this paragraph.’’; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘For the pur-
poses of paragraph (1)(G)’’ and inserting ‘‘For the 
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