I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1105 
To amend the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance 
Act to require the President to establish an individual household disaster 
mitigation program, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 6, 2025 
Mr. THOMPSON of California (for himself, Mr. LAMALFA, Mrs. KIM, Mr. 
OBERNOLTE, Mr. VALADAO, Ms. BARRAGA´N, Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr. 
CARBAJAL, Mr. CARTER of Louisiana, Mr. CASE, Ms. CASTOR of Florida, 
Ms. CHU, Mr. CISNEROS, Mr. COSTA, Mr. FIELDS, Ms. LOIS FRANKEL 
of Florida, Mr. FROST, Mr. GARAMENDI, Mr. GOLDMAN of New York, 
Mr. HARDER of California, Mr. HUFFMAN, Ms. JACOBS, Ms. KAMLAGER- 
DOVE, Mr. KHANNA, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. LIEU, Ms. MATSUI, Mrs. MCIVER, 
Mr. MOSKOWITZ, Mr. MULLIN, Mr. NEGUSE, Ms. NORTON, Mr. PA-
NETTA, Ms. PETTERSEN, Mr. RUIZ, Ms. SCHRIER, Mr. TAKANO, Ms. 
TLAIB, Ms. TOKUDA, Mrs. TORRES of California, Mr. VASQUEZ, and Mr. 
WHITESIDES) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure, for a period to be subsequently deter-
mined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 
as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To amend the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emer-
gency Assistance Act to require the President to establish 
an individual household disaster mitigation program, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Disaster Resiliency and 
Coverage Act of 2025’’. 
SEC. 2. INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD DISASTER MITIGATION 
PROGRAM. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—Title II of the 
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assist-
ance Act (42 U.S.C. 5131 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 207. INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD DISASTER MITIGATION 
PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall estab-
lish a program to provide grants to States and Indian trib-
al governments for qualifying pre-disaster mitigation ac-
tivities on individual residential households that are at risk 
of being damaged by a major disaster. 
‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
ELIGIBLE
DISASTER 
AREAS.—In carrying out the program under this section, 
the President shall— 
‘‘(1) establish eligible disaster areas, in con-
sultation with States, that the President determines 
to be at risk of a natural hazard, including— 
‘‘(A) a description of the type, likelihood, 
and severity of each potential natural hazard 
affecting each such risk area; and 
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‘‘(B) by taking into account previously de-
clared major disasters impacting such areas; 
‘‘(2) provide technical assistance to the States 
or Indian tribal governments in developing the plan 
described in subsection (c) and administering grants 
provided for individual households under the pro-
gram; 
‘‘(3) not less frequently than every 5 years, re-
view and update the eligible disaster areas that the 
President determines to be at risk of a natural dis-
aster, including a description of the type and sever-
ity of each potential natural disaster affecting each 
such risk area; and 
‘‘(4) consult with relevant governmental and 
nongovernmental experts in order to ensure that 
such determinations are made using current sci-
entific standards and tools available in establishing, 
reviewing, and updating the eligible disaster areas 
that the President determines to be at risk of a nat-
ural disaster. 
‘‘(c) PLAN FOR ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.—To be eligi-
ble for a grant under this section, a State or Indian tribal 
government shall submit to the President a plan that in-
cludes— 
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‘‘(1) each disaster risk area established by the 
President under subsection (b) in which the State or 
Indian tribal government proposes to provide funds 
under the program; 
‘‘(2) an assessment of the availability and af-
fordability of homeowner insurance coverage in each 
such risk area, including a breakdown of coverage 
offered by— 
‘‘(A) private insurance companies; 
‘‘(B) State residual markets; and 
‘‘(C) State and Federal insurance pro-
grams; 
‘‘(3) an analysis of factors that may be ad-
versely impacting insurance availability and afford-
ability; 
‘‘(4) a list of each qualifying mitigation activity 
that is eligible for funds in each such risk area; 
‘‘(5) the criteria by which a State or Indian 
tribal government will evaluate applicants, which 
shall include consideration of the household income 
of the applicant and whether the residence is located 
in a Community Disaster Resilience Zone; and 
‘‘(6) a financial plan that includes maximum 
amounts available to a household for each qualifying 
mitigation activity. 
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‘‘(d) CONSULTATION.—In establishing the program 
under this section, the President, acting through the Ad-
ministrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agen-
cy and the Director of the Federal Insurance Office, shall 
consult with the chief insurance regulators from the 50 
States, the District of Columbia, and the territories of the 
United States, insurance industry stakeholders, including 
insurers, reinsurers, agents, brokers, and insurance-fund-
ed research organizations, and consumer and environ-
mental stakeholders to determine what qualifying mitiga-
tion activities are likely to incentivize the availability and 
purchase of residential property insurance and other fi-
nancial risk transfer mechanisms in eligible disaster areas. 
‘‘(e) LIMITATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) HIGH-RISK AREAS.—Funds provided under 
this section may only be used in eligible disaster 
areas that the State or Indian tribal government de-
termines are at a high risk of experiencing a major 
disaster for the major disaster that presents such a 
risk. 
‘‘(2) LIMITATION BASED ON ADJUSTED GROSS 
INCOME.—An individual shall not be eligible to re-
ceive a grant under this section if the adjusted gross 
income 
of 
such 
individual 
exceeds 
$250,000 
($500,000 in the case of a joint tax return) for the 
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taxable year ending in the calendar year immediately 
preceding the calendar year with respect to which a 
grant application is filed. 
‘‘(3) DEFINITION
OF
ADJUSTED
GROSS
IN-
COME.—In this section, the term ‘adjusted gross in-
come’ has the meaning given such term in section 
62(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. 
‘‘(f) MULTI-TIERED MITIGATION STANDARDS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The President, acting 
through the Administrator of the Federal Emer-
gency Management Agency, shall establish mitiga-
tion standards for individual households that carry 
out each type of qualifying mitigation activity eligi-
ble for funds under the program, which may include 
a multi-tiered standard. 
‘‘(2) CONSIDERATION.—In establishing the 
mitigation standards under paragraph (1), the 
President, acting through the Administrator— 
‘‘(A) shall consider any standards estab-
lished by— 
‘‘(i) the Insurance Institute for Busi-
ness and Home Safety; 
‘‘(ii) the chief insurance regulators 
from the 50 states, the District of Colum-
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bia, and the territories of the United 
States; and 
‘‘(iii) any other standard-issuing enti-
ty determined appropriate; and 
‘‘(B) may— 
‘‘(i) adopt a standard considered 
under subparagraph (A); or 
‘‘(ii) establish alternative standards. 
‘‘(g) GUIDANCE TO INSURANCE PROVIDERS.—To be 
eligible for a grant under the program under this section, 
a State or Indian tribal government shall establish, and 
make available to the public, guidance to insurance pro-
viders and consumers that includes suggested incentives 
for households that carry out disaster mitigation activities 
under the program, including— 
‘‘(1) the mitigation standards established under 
subsection (f); 
‘‘(2) increased consumer coverage choice; and 
‘‘(3) actuarially supported favorable pricing 
benefits such as discounts, rebates, or premium 
credits. 
‘‘(h) MAXIMUM AMOUNTS.—A State or Indian tribal 
government may not provide more than an amount of 
$10,000, not to exceed the actual cost of mitigation activi-
ties, to any individual household under the program. Such 
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amount shall be increased yearly to reflect any increase 
in the Consumer Price Index. 
‘‘(i) DEFINITION OF QUALIFYING MITIGATION AC-
TIVITY.—In this section, the term ‘qualifying mitigation 
activity’ means an activity relating to a housing unit— 
‘‘(1) for property to— 
‘‘(A) improve the strength of a roof deck 
attachment; 
‘‘(B) create a secondary water barrier to 
prevent water intrusion or mitigate against po-
tential water intrusion from wind-driven rain; 
‘‘(C) improve the durability, impact resist-
ance (not less than class 3 or 4 rating), or fire 
resistance (not less than class A rating) of a 
roof covering; 
‘‘(D) brace gable-end walls; 
‘‘(E) reinforce the connection between a 
roof and supporting wall; 
‘‘(F) protect openings from penetration by 
wind-borne debris; 
‘‘(G) protect exterior doors and garages 
from natural hazards; 
‘‘(H) complete measures contained in the 
publication of the Federal Emergency Manage-
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ment Agency entitled ‘Wind Retrofit Guide for 
Residential Buildings’ (P–804); 
‘‘(I) elevate the qualified dwelling unit, as 
well as utilities, machinery, or equipment, above 
the base flood elevation or other applicable min-
imum elevation requirement; 
‘‘(J) seal walls in the basement of the 
qualified dwelling unit using waterproofing com-
pounds; or 
‘‘(K) protect propane tanks or other exter-
nal fuel sources; 
‘‘(2) to install— 
‘‘(A) check valves to prevent flood water 
from backing up into drains; 
‘‘(B) flood vents, breakaway walls or open 
lattice for homes located in V zones; 
‘‘(C) a stormwater drainage system or im-
prove an existing system; 
‘‘(D) natural or nature-based features for 
flood control, including living shorelines; 
‘‘(E) roof coverings, sheathing, flashing, 
roof and attic vents, eaves, or gutters that con-
form to ignition-resistant construction stand-
ards; 
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‘‘(F) wall components for wall assemblies 
that conform to ignition-resistant construction 
standards; 
‘‘(G) a wall-to-foundation anchor or con-
nector, or a shear transfer anchor or connector; 
‘‘(H) wood structural panel sheathing for 
strengthening cripple walls; 
‘‘(I) anchorage of the masonry chimney to 
the framing; 
‘‘(J) prefabricated lateral resisting sys-
tems; 
‘‘(K) a standby generator system con-
sisting of a standby generator and an automatic 
transfer switch; 
‘‘(L) a storm shelter that meets the design 
and construction standards established by the 
International Code Council and the National 
Storm Shelter Association (ICC–500), or a safe 
room that satisfies the criteria contained in— 
‘‘(i) the publication of the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency entitled 
‘Safe Rooms for Tornadoes and Hurri-
canes’ (P–361); or 
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‘‘(ii) the publication of the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency entitled 
‘Taking Shelter from the Storm’ (P–320); 
‘‘(M) a lightning protection system; 
‘‘(N) exterior walls, doors, windows, or 
other exterior dwelling unit elements that con-
form to ignition-resistant construction stand-
ards; 
‘‘(O) exterior deck or fence components 
that conform to ignition-resistant construction 
standards; 
‘‘(P) structure-specific water hydration 
systems, including fire mitigation systems such 
as interior sprinkler systems; 
‘‘(Q) flood openings for fully enclosed 
areas below the lowest floor of the dwelling 
unit; 
‘‘(R) lateral bracing for wall elements, 
foundation elements, and garage doors or other 
large openings to resist seismic loads; or 
‘‘(S) automatic shutoff valves for water 
and gas lines; 
‘‘(3) for services or equipment to— 
‘‘(A) create buffers around the qualified 
dwelling unit through the removal or reduction 
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of flammable vegetation, including vertical 
clearance of tree branches; 
‘‘(B) create buffers around the dwelling 
unit through— 
‘‘(i) the removal of exterior deck or 
fence components or ignition-prone land-
scape features; or 
‘‘(ii) replacement of the components 
or features described in clause (i) with 
components or features that conform to ig-
nition-resistant construction standards; 
‘‘(C) perform fire maintenance procedures 
identified by the Federal Emergency Manage-
ment Agency or the United States Forest Serv-
ice, including fuel management techniques such 
as creating fuel and fire breaks; or 
‘‘(D) replace flammable vegetation with 
less flammable species; 
‘‘(4) for property relating to satisfying the 
standards required for receipt of a FORTIFIED 
designation from the Insurance Institute for Busi-
ness and Home Safety, provided that the qualified 
dwelling unit receives such designation following in-
stallation of such property; 
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‘‘(5) for property relating to satisfying the 
standards required for receipt of a Wildfire Prepared 
Homes designation from the Insurance Institute for 
Business and Home Safety, provided that the quali-
fied dwelling unit receives such designation following 
installation of such property; or 
‘‘(6) for any other hazard mitigation activity 
identified by the President, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the Federal Emergency Manage-
ment Agency and the hazard mitigation advisory 
committee established in subsection (k), for mitiga-
tion of a natural hazard. 
‘‘(j) HAZARD MITIGATION ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 
The President shall establish a hazard mitigation advisory 
committee that shall— 
‘‘(1) consist of 50 representatives, including 
representatives from— 
‘‘(A) the State Insurance Commissioners; 
‘‘(B) private insurance companies; 
‘‘(C) private reinsurance companies; 
‘‘(D) insurance broker companies; 
‘‘(E) insurance-funded research organiza-
tions; 
‘‘(F) consumer advocate organizations; 
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‘‘(G) State, local, and tribal firefighting 
agencies; 
‘‘(H) State-sponsored insurance plans; 
‘‘(I) realtor associations; 
‘‘(J) home builder associations; 
‘‘(K) State, local, and tribal emergency re-
sponders; 
‘‘(L) State and tribal emergency managers; 
‘‘(M) State and tribal hazard mitigation 
officers; 
‘‘(N) relevant academic experts; 
‘‘(O) building code associations; 
‘‘(P) agricultural groups; and 
‘‘(Q) environmental organizations; and 
‘‘(2) advise the President on developments in 
emerging hazard mitigation research and testing and 
recommend additions to the qualified hazard mitiga-
tion activities eligible under this program, including 
reviewing the effectiveness of hazard mitigation sys-
tems, products, and designations submitted to the 
advisory committee by private or nongovernmental 
companies or organizations. 
‘‘(k) RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this 
Act shall— 
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‘‘(1) require a State or any other entity to base 
the assessment of the status of the availability of 
homeowner insurance coverage required under sub-
section (c)(2) on data not already collected by that 
entity absent this requirement; and 
‘‘(2) be construed to preempt the State regula-
tion of the business of insurance or require, by the 
Federal Government or any State government, any 
insurance provider to alter the underwriting, pricing, 
and distribution of insurance.’’. 
(b) TAX TREATMENT OF INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD 
DISASTER MITIGATION PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 139 of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by redesignating 
subsection (h) as subsection (i) and by inserting 
after subsection (g) the following new subsection: 
‘‘(h) INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD DISASTER MITIGA-
TION PROGRAM.—Gross income shall not include amounts 
received under section 207 of the Robert T. Stafford Dis-
aster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act.’’. 
(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made 
by this subsection shall apply to amounts received 
after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
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SEC. 3. EXCLUSION OF AMOUNTS RECEIVED FROM STATE- 
BASED 
CATASTROPHE 
LOSS 
MITIGATION 
PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 139 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986, as amended by the preceding provi-
sions of this Act, is amended by redesignating subsection 
(i) as subsection (j) and by inserting after subsection (h) 
the following new subsection: 
‘‘(i) STATE-BASED CATASTROPHE LOSS MITIGATION 
PROGRAMS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Gross income shall not in-
clude any amount received by an individual as a 
qualified catastrophe loss mitigation payment under 
a program established or administered by a State, or 
a political subdivision or instrumentality thereof, for 
the purpose of making such payments. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFIED CATASTROPHE LOSS MITIGA-
TION PAYMENT.—For purposes of this section, the 
term ‘qualified catastrophe loss mitigation payment’ 
means any amount which is received by an indi-
vidual to make improvements to such individual’s 
residence for the sole purpose of hazard mitigation 
with respect to such residence. 
‘‘(3) NO INCREASE IN BASIS.—Rules similar to 
the rules of subsection (g)(3) shall apply in the case 
of this subsection.’’. 
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(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) Section 139(d) is amended by striking ‘‘and 
qualified’’ and inserting ‘‘, qualified catastrophe 
mitigation payments, and qualified’’. 
(2) Section 139(i) (as redesignated by sub-
section (a)) is amended by striking ‘‘or qualified’’ 
and inserting ‘‘, qualified catastrophe mitigation 
payment, or qualified’’. 
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2025. 
SEC. 4. EXCLUSION FROM GROSS INCOME OF CERTAIN 
EMERGENCY AGRICULTURAL ASSISTANCE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 139 of the Internal Rev-
enue Code of 1986, as amended by the preceding provi-
sions of this Act, is amended by redesignating subsection 
(j) as subsection (k) and by inserting after subsection (i) 
the following new subsection: 
‘‘(j) CERTAIN
AGRICULTURAL
ASSISTANCE.—For 
purposes of this section, the term ‘qualified disaster relief 
payment’ shall include any assistance received under any 
of the following: 
‘‘(1) Assistance received under the Wildfires 
and Hurricanes Indemnity Program Plus under sub-
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part O of part 760 of title 7, Code of Federal Regu-
lations. 
‘‘(2) Assistance received under section 1501 of 
the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081). 
‘‘(3) Noninsured crop assistance under section 
196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and 
Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333). 
‘‘(4) Assistance under a food assistance pro-
gram under part 9 of title 7, Code of Federal Regu-
lations. 
‘‘(5) Assistance under title IV of the Agricul-
tural Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201 et seq.). 
‘‘(6) Assistance under the Quality Loss Assist-
ance Program.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 
this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2025. 
SEC. 5. CREDIT FOR DISASTER MITIGATION EXPENDI-
TURES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart B of part IV of sub-
chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by inserting after section 27 the fol-
lowing new section: 
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