I 
112TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4169 
To require the development of a comprehensive strategy to end serious human 
rights violations in Sudan, to create incentives for governments and 
persons to end support of and assistance to the Government of Sudan, 
to reinvigorate genuinely comprehensive peace efforts in Sudan, and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 8, 2012 
Mr. MCGOVERN (for himself, Mr. WOLF, Mr. CAPUANO, Ms. LEE of Cali-
fornia, Mr. MILLER of North Carolina, Mr. OLVER, and Ms. JACKSON 
LEE of Texas) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Fi-
nancial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and the Judiciary, 
for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case 
for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
committee concerned 
A BILL 
To require the development of a comprehensive strategy to 
end serious human rights violations in Sudan, to create 
incentives for governments and persons to end support 
of and assistance to the Government of Sudan, to rein-
vigorate genuinely comprehensive peace efforts in Sudan, 
and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—The Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Sudan Peace, Security, and Accountability Act of 2012’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Definitions. 
Sec. 3. Findings. 
Sec. 4. Statement of policy. 
Sec. 5. Requirement of a comprehensive strategy to end serious human rights 
violations and to create peace throughout Sudan. 
Sec. 6. Sanctionable acts. 
Sec. 7. Description of sanctions. 
Sec. 8. Ineligibility for visas and admission to the United States. 
Sec. 9. Prohibition on all transactions in property, goods, and technology. 
Sec. 10. Expanding sanctions and other authorities in support of peace in 
Sudan. 
Sec. 11. Report. 
Sec. 12. Termination of sanctions. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
(1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 
and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 
section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, the Committee on the Judiciary, and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate; and 
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(B) the Committee on Financial Services, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary, and the Permanent Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives. 
(3) FINANCIAL
INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘fi-
nancial institution’’ has the meaning given that term 
under section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States 
Code. 
(4) GOVERNMENT OF SUDAN.—The term ‘‘Gov-
ernment of Sudan’’ means— 
(A) the government in Khartoum, Sudan, 
which is led by the National Congress Party; or 
(B) any successor government formed on 
or after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(5) MILITARY
EQUIPMENT.—The term ‘‘mili-
tary equipment’’ means— 
(A) weapons, arms, supplies, or parts that 
readily may be used for military purposes, in-
cluding radar systems, aerial weapons, or mili-
tary-grade transport vehicles; or 
(B) supplies or services sold or provided di-
rectly or indirectly to any person or government 
participating, supporting, or assisting in armed 
conflict in Sudan. 
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(6) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 2(9) of the 
Sudan Accountability and Divestment Act of 2007 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 110–174), includ-
ing any board of directors or executives of such a 
person. 
(7) SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘support’’ or ‘‘sup-
ported’’ means— 
(A) any type of material, financial, or 
logistical assistance; or 
(B) in the case of the Government of 
Sudan, failure to prevent or punish serious 
human rights violations by a person in Sudan 
that is committing or assisting in the commis-
sion of serious human rights violations. 
(8) SERIOUS VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS.— 
The term ‘‘serious violations of human rights’’ in-
cludes the following: 
(A) Genocide, as described in section 1091 
of title 18, United States Code. 
(B) Torture, as such term is defined in 
section 2340 of title 18, United States Code. 
(C) War crimes, as such term is defined in 
subsections (c) and (d) of section 2441 of title 
18, United States Code. 
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(D) Consistent patterns of gross violations 
of internationally recognized human rights as 
described in section 502b(a) of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961. 
(E) Persecution, as interpreted by judicial 
and administrative case law in the application 
of section 101(a)(42) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(42)). 
(F) Acts or omissions described in the 
President’s ‘‘Proclamation 8697—Suspension of 
Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of 
Persons Who Participate in Serious Human 
Rights and Humanitarian Law Violations and 
Other Abuses’’ (Aug. 4, 2011). 
SEC. 3. FINDINGS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) On October 21, 2002, the ‘‘Sudan Peace 
Act’’ was enacted into law as Public Law 107–245. 
(2) On July 22, 2004— 
(A) the House of Representatives adopted 
House Concurrent Resolution 467 by a vote of 
422–0, concluding that crimes in Darfur con-
stituted genocide; and 
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(B) the Senate adopted Senate Concurrent 
Resolution 1330 by unanimous consent and de-
clared, ‘‘[T]he atrocities unfolding in Darfur, 
Sudan, are genocide.’’. 
(3) On September 9, 2004, then-Secretary of 
State Colin Powell testified before the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate that ‘‘genocide has 
occurred and may still be occurring in Darfur’’ and 
‘‘the Government of Sudan and the Janjaweed bear 
responsibility’’. 
(4) On December 23, 2004, the ‘‘Comprehen-
sive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004’’ was enacted into 
law as Public Law 108–497. 
(5) On October 13, 2006, the ‘‘Darfur Peace 
and Accountability Act of 2006’’ was enacted into 
law as Public Law 109–344. 
(6) On April 27, 2007, the International Crimi-
nal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for— 
(A) former Sudanese Minister of the Inte-
rior Ahmad Muhammad Harun, who currently 
serves as Governor of the Sudanese state of 
South Kordofan, on 20 counts of crimes against 
humanity and 22 counts of war crimes in 
Darfur; and 
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(B) Janjaweed Commander Ali Muham-
mad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman (‘‘Ali Kushayb’’) on 
22 counts of crimes against humanity and 28 
counts of war crimes. 
(7) On December 31, 2007, the ‘‘Sudan Ac-
countability and Divestment Act of 2007’’ was en-
acted into law as Public Law 110–174. 
(8) In May 2008, the Government of Sudan in-
vaded Abyei and has since forcibly removed the 
Ngok Dinka population, despite signing the Abyei 
Roadmap Agreement that called for arbitration to 
resolve the boundary dispute. 
(9) On March 4, 2009, the ICC issued an ar-
rest warrant for Omar al-Bashir, the sitting Presi-
dent of Sudan, on two counts of war crimes and five 
counts of crimes against humanity related to Darfur. 
(10) On July 10, 2010, the ICC issued a sec-
ond arrest warrant for Omar al-Bashir, the sitting 
President of Sudan, on three counts of genocide re-
lated to Darfur. 
(11) On May 21, 2011, the Government of 
Sudan invaded the disputed Abyei region which re-
sulted in the displacement of more than 113,000 ci-
vilians, almost all of whom were Ngok Dinka, and 
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has not withdrawn its forces despite entering into an 
agreement to do so. 
(12) A United Nations report, dated May 29, 
2011, stated that the invasion of the Abyei region by 
the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) could lead to 
‘‘ethnic cleansing’’. 
(13) On June 5, 2011, fighting erupted in 
South Kordofan, which included the aerial bombard-
ment of civilian areas by the Sudanese Air Force, re-
sulting in the displacement of more than 200,000 ci-
vilians. On September 1, 2011, similar fighting 
broke out in Blue Nile. 
(14) In July 2011, the Government of Sudan 
signed the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur with 
one rebel group, but the agreement did not include 
other significant groups. 
(15) Aerial bombardments in civilian areas of 
South Kordofan and Blue Nile have severely im-
peded the ability of the population to engage in nor-
mal agricultural activities, leading to the potential 
for a massive famine affecting hundreds of thou-
sands of people, and has caused widespread displace-
ment of civilians. Moreover, the Government of 
Sudan has continually blocked humanitarian relief to 
vulnerable populations devastated by its aerial bom-
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bardments. The Famine Early Warning Systems 
Network warns that conditions in these two states 
are anticipated to reach emergency levels by March 
2012. This is one level short of famine. 
(16) On August 15, 2011, the United Nations 
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 
released a preliminary report stating that alleged 
violations of international law by Sudanese forces in 
the South Kordofan region ‘‘may constitute war 
crimes and crimes against humanity’’. Reported vio-
lations included extrajudicial killings, arbitrary ar-
rests and illegal detention, forced disappearances, 
aerial bombardments and attacks against civilians, 
looting and destruction of civilian homes and vil-
lages, massive displacement, attacks on churches, in-
terference with medical and humanitarian assist-
ance, and allegations of targeted attacks against eth-
nic and racial groups and the existence of mass 
graves. 
(17) On March 1, 2012, the ICC issued an ar-
rest warrant against the current Sudanese Defense 
Minister Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein for 
crimes against humanity and war crimes committed 
in Darfur from August 2003 to March 2004. 
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