I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5090 
To support research, development, demonstration, and other activities to 
develop innovative vehicle technologies, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 28, 2023 
Ms. STEVENS (for herself and Mrs. DINGELL) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
A BILL 
To support research, development, demonstration, and other 
activities to develop innovative vehicle technologies, and 
for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Shifting Forward Vehi-
cle Technologies Research and Development Act’’. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) ALTERNATIVE
FUEL.—The term ‘‘alter-
native fuel’’ means a fuel that results in a signifi-
cant reduction in lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
and criteria air pollutant emissions compared to con-
ventional fuel options. 
(2) EXTREME FAST CHARGING.—The term ‘‘ex-
treme fast charging’’ means recharging up to 80 
percent of battery capacity in approximately 10 min-
utes or less. 
(3) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS.—The term ‘‘sus-
tainable materials’’ means materials used through-
out the consumer and industrial economy that can 
be produced in required volumes without depleting 
nonrenewable resources and without disrupting the 
established steady-state equilibrium of the environ-
ment and key natural resource systems. 
(4) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 
means the Department of Energy. 
(5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Energy. 
SEC. 3. REPORTING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN 
TECHNOLOGIES. 
Not later than two years after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act and every two years thereafter through 
2028, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate a report describing— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(1) the activities undertaken pursuant to this 
Act, including— 
(A) the status of public-private partner-
ships; 
(B) progress of the programs under sec-
tions 4, 6, 8, and 12 in meeting goals and 
timelines; and 
(C) a strategic plan for funding of activi-
ties across agencies; and 
(2) the technologies and knowledge developed 
and demonstrated as a result of such activities, with 
a particular emphasis on whether such technologies 
were successfully adopted for commercial applica-
tions, and if so, whether products relying on such 
technologies are manufactured in the United States. 
SEC. 4. ADVANCED VEHICLE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP-
MENT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consultation 
with the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall conduct 
a research, development, and demonstration program of 
advanced vehicle technologies on more efficient, sustain-
able, and domestically available materials and manufac-
turing processes with the potential to— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(1) substantially reduce or eliminate greenhouse 
gas emissions from the manufacture and use of pas-
senger and commercial vehicles; and 
(2) reduce the cost of vehicle manufacturing 
and ownership. 
(b) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordi-
nate with the activities authorized under section 137 of 
the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17014; relating to research and development into 
integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid) and sub-
section (q) of section 641 of the United States Energy 
Storage Competitiveness Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17231; 
enacted as subtitle D of title VI of the Energy Independ-
ence and Security Act of 2007; relating to the establish-
ment of a critical material recycling and reuse research, 
development, and demonstration program), and with the 
heads of relevant Federal agencies to determine a com-
prehensive set of technical milestones for such activities 
and focus on research and development challenges across 
the vehicle supply chain including, to the maximum extent 
practicable, activities in the areas of— 
(1) electrification of vehicle systems, including 
compact and efficient electric drivetrain systems; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(2) power electronics, electric machines, and 
electric machine drive systems, which may include— 
(A) electronic motors, including advanced 
inverters and motors that can be used for pas-
senger vehicles and commercial vehicles; 
(B) magnetic materials, including perma-
nent magnets with reduced or no critical mate-
rials; 
(C) improving partial load efficiency; 
(D) design of power electronics and electric 
motor technologies that enable efficient recy-
cling of critical materials; and 
(E) assessing potential impacts of various 
vehicle systems on electric propulsion perform-
ance, including potential impacts from AM/FM 
radio frequencies; 
(3) vehicle batteries and relevant systems, 
which may include— 
(A) 
advanced 
batteries 
systems, 
ultracapacitors, and other competitive energy 
storage devices; 
(B) common interconnection protocols, 
specifications, and architecture for both trans-
portation and stationary battery applications; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(C) energy density and capacity, re-
charging robustness, extreme fast charging and 
wireless charging capabilities, and efficiencies to 
lower cost; 
(D) lifetime improvement and reduction of 
potential lifecycle impacts from advanced bat-
teries; 
(E) improving efficient use and reuse, sub-
stitution, and recycling of critical materials in 
vehicles, including rare earth elements and pre-
cious metals, at risk of supply disruption; 
(F) advanced battery protection systems 
for safe handling of high voltage power and 
thermal management; 
(G) technologies enabling flexible manufac-
turing facilities that can accommodate different 
vehicle battery chemistries and configurations; 
and 
(H) improving the efficiency and safety of 
the manufacturing of advanced batteries; 
(4) vehicle components and systems, including 
manufacturing technologies and processes, which 
may include— 
(A) 
reducing 
or 
repurposing 
waste 
streams, reducing emissions, and energy inten-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
sity of vehicle, engine, and advanced battery 
manufacturing processes; and 
(B) increasing the production rate and de-
creasing the cost of advanced battery and hy-
drogen fuel cell manufacturing, including pur-
pose-built hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen 
fueling infrastructure, and components; 
(5) hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles and fuel 
pathways, which may include— 
(A) vehicle fuel cells and relevant systems, 
including power electronics systems to regulate 
fuel cell voltages; 
(B) synthetic fuels from recycled carbon 
dioxide and net-zero carbon liquid fuels; and 
(C) advanced biofuel technologies; 
(6) lubricants and accessory power loads for hy-
brid and electric vehicles aftertreatment tech-
nologies; 
(7) vehicle weight reduction, which may include 
the development of— 
(A) more sustainable and cost-effective 
lightweight materials; and 
(B) higher efficiency manufacturing proc-
esses, such as additive manufacturing, to 
produce sustainable lightweight materials and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
fabricate, assemble, and use dissimilar mate-
rials, including— 
(i) lightweight systems which combine 
several existing vehicle components; and 
(ii) voluntary, consensus-based stand-
ards for strategic lightweight materials; 
(8) improved vehicle recycling methods to in-
crease the recycled material content of feedstocks 
used in raw material manufacturing; 
(9) vehicle propulsion systems, which may in-
clude— 
(A) engine and component durability; 
(B) engine down speeding; 
(C) advanced internal combustion engines; 
(D) transmission gear and engine oper-
ation matching; and 
(E) advanced transmission technologies; 
(10) applying advanced computing resources to 
large, voluntarily provided industry datasets from 
providers and cities to support the development of 
predictive engineering, modeling, and simulation of 
components, vehicle, and transportation systems; 
(11) leveraging the use of machine learning to-
ward manufacturing and additive manufacturing op-
timization, which may include— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(A) assessing the efficiency and safety of 
manufacturing processes; 
(12) advanced computing systems, including en-
ergy efficient systems, technology, and networking 
for vehicular on-board, off-board, and edge com-
puting applications; 
(13) assessing automation in both vehicle and 
infrastructure systems; 
(14) infrastructure, which may include— 
(A) refueling and charging infrastructure 
for alternative fueled and electric drive or plug- 
in electric hybrid vehicles, with consideration 
for the unique challenges facing urban and 
rural areas; 
(B) 
extreme 
fast 
charging, 
including 
through wired and wireless charging systems; 
(C) integration, bidirectional capability, 
and operational optimization of vehicle elec-
trification for light, medium, and heavy duty 
with the charging infrastructure and the elec-
tric grid; and 
(D) sensing, communications, and actu-
ation technologies for vehicle, electric grid, and 
infrastructure, which may include— 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(i) communication, onboard sensing, 
and connectivity among vehicles, infra-
structure, pedestrians, and the electrical 
grid; 
(ii) assessing the use of autonomous 
vehicles or connectivity to improve roadway 
throughput; and 
(iii) research autonomous refueling 
and charging technologies and infrastruc-
ture; 
(15) retrofitting advanced vehicle technologies 
to existing vehicles; 
(16) informing and educating the public on the 
energy benefits of automation and connected vehicle 
technologies, connected infrastructure assets, and 
mobility applied sensors to build trust and accept-
ance; 
(17) reusing valuable components and mate-
rials, such as permanent magnets and other electric 
drive components for advanced vehicles; and 
(18) transportation system analysis to further 
understand the energy implications and opportuni-
ties of advanced mobility solutions, communication, 
and connectivity among vehicles, infrastructure, pe-
destrians, and the electrical grid. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(c) NONROAD TRANSPORTATION ENVIRONMENTAL 
AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE RESEARCH.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in carrying 
out the program established under subsection (a), 
and in consultation with the heads of relevant Fed-
eral agencies, shall support research, development, 
and demonstration activities to address and reduce 
nonroad sector emissions from transportation fuels 
used in aviation, rail, and maritime technologies and 
other relevant technologies. Such activities may be 
carried out primarily by an Energy Innovation Hub 
established under section 206 of the Department of 
Energy Research Coordination Act (42 U.S.C. 
18632). 
(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the research, 
development, and demonstration activities under 
paragraph (1) shall be to— 
(A) identify, study, evaluate, test, and 
demonstrate 
emerging 
transformational 
nonroad vehicle energy technologies and prac-
tices to improve environmental performance to 
meet Federal and international standards and 
guidelines, including reducing greenhouse gas 
emissions, water emissions, or other particulate 
or toxic emissions; 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
(B) advance research, development, and 
demonstration activities to— 
(i) 
overcome 
barriers 
in 
trans-
formational nonroad vehicle energy tech-
nologies, including alternative fuels such as 
hydrogen, components, and other energy 
technologies to improve total machine or 
system efficiency for nonroad mobile equip-
ment; and 
(ii) increase the fuel economy and use 
of alternative fuels and alternative energy; 
(C) support opportunities to transfer rel-
evant research findings and technologies be-
tween the nonroad and on-highway equipment 
and vehicle sectors; and 
(D) test relevant precommercial tech-
nologies. 
(3) COORDINATION.—The Secretary may co-
ordinate the research, development, and demonstra-
tion activities under paragraph (1) with activities— 
(A) that are associated with the develop-
ment or approval of validation and testing re-
gimes; and 
(B) related to certification or validation of 
emerging energy technologies or practices that 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
demonstrate significant environmental or other 
benefits to domestic non-road transportation in-
dustries. 
(4) ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary may enter 
into cooperative agreements, contracts, or other 
agreements with academic, public, private, and non-
governmental entities and facilities to carry out the 
activities under paragraph (1). 
(5) TRANSFORMATIONAL
NONROAD
VEHICLE 
TECHNOLOGY DEFINED.—In this section, the term 
‘‘transformational 
nonroad 
vehicle 
technology’’ 
means an innovative technology that— 
(A) enables advanced nonroad transpor-
tation, nonroad transportation components, and 
related energy technologies that have the poten-
tial to produce significantly lower emissions and 
greater energy savings than current commercial 
technologies; 
(B) enables improved or expanded supply 
and production of domestic emission reducing 
fuels and components; or 
(C) ensures the long term, secure, and sus-
tainable supply of critical materials. 
(d) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall pe-
riodically review activities carried out under this section 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00013
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
to determine the achievement of technical milestones as 
determined by the Secretary. 
(e) TECHNOLOGY TESTING AND METRICS.—In car-
rying out the program under subsection (a), the Secretary, 
in coordination with the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology, shall— 
(1) develop voluntary, consensus-based standard 
testing procedures, methodologies, and best practices 
for evaluating the performance of advanced vehicle 
technologies, including heavy vehicle technologies 
under a range of representative duty cycles and op-
erating conditions, including for electrified and hy-
drogen fuel cell systems; and 
(2) evaluate advanced vehicle performance, in-
cluding heavy vehicle and nonroad vehicle perform-
ance using work performance-based metrics. 
SEC. 5. ADVANCED ON-ROAD VEHICLE SECURITY PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordination 
with the program under section 4, the program authorized 
under section 137 of the Energy Independence and Secu-
rity Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17014), and the heads of rel-
evant Federal agencies, shall establish a research and de-
velopment program focused on the cybersecurity and phys-
ical security of interconnections between vehicles, vehicle 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00014
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
energy storage systems, charging equipment, buildings, 
and the electric grid for plug-in electric vehicles, connected 
vehicles, autonomous, and other relevant vehicles, includ-
ing the security impacts, efficiency, and safety of plug- 
in electric vehicles using alternating current charging, 
high-power direct current fast charging, and extreme fast 
charging. 
(b) ASSESSMENT.—The Secretary shall develop a 5- 
to 10-year impact assessment of emergent cybersecurity 
threats and vulnerabilities to the United States on-road 
transportation system and connected infrastructure by 
identifying— 
(1) areas of research with respect to which Fed-
eral cross-agency research coordination and coopera-
tion 
may 
help 
address 
such 
threats 
and 
vulnerabilities; and 
(2) current research and challenges associated 
with cyber-physical protection and resiliency of elec-
tric and connected and automated vehicle tech-
nologies. 
SEC. 6. VEHICLE ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM SAFETY PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—In coordination with the program 
under section 4, the Secretary shall support a program 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00015
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
of research, development, and demonstration of vehicle en-
ergy storage safety and reliability. 
(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall support activities to— 
(1) examine the mechanisms that lead to vehicle 
energy storage system safety and reliability inci-
dents; 
(2) develop new materials to improve overall ve-
hicle energy storage system safety and abuse toler-
ance; 
(3) perform abuse testing; 
(4) advance and perform testing techniques; 
(5) demonstrate detailed failure analyses; 
(6) mitigate vehicle energy storage cell and sys-
tem failures, including hydrogen fuel storage tanks; 
and 
(7) develop crush-induced battery safety proto-
cols and technical standards to improve robustness. 
SEC. 7. ADVANCED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES ADVISORY 
COMMITTEE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es-
tablish the Advanced Vehicle Technologies Advisory Com-
mittee (in this section referred to as the ‘‘advisory com-
mittee’’) to advise the Secretary on vehicle technology and 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
01:46 Aug 18, 2023
Jkt 039200
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H5090.IH
H5090
kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS