(2) PHASE I STUDY AND REPORT ON HUMAN 
EXPOSURE ESTIMATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The phase I study re-
quired to be conducted under paragraph (1) 
shall, at a minimum— 
(i) consider life-cycle information on 
the manufacture, use, and disposal of 
PFAS-containing products to identify ex-
posure sources and potential exposure 
pathways for the public; 
(ii) evaluate the fate and transport of 
PFAS and their breakdown products; 
(iii) if feasible, estimate exposure to 
individual or total PFAS to determine rel-
ative source contributions for various expo-
sure pathways (such as air, water, soil, or 
food); 
(iv) determine environmentally rel-
evant PFAS; and 
(v) identify research needed to ad-
vance exposure estimation to individual or 
total PFAS. 
(B) REPORT.—Not later than 270 days 
after the date on which the agreement described 
in paragraph (1) is finalized, the National 
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Academies shall submit to Congress a report 
containing the findings and recommendations of 
the study described in subparagraph (A) and 
shall make such report available on a publicly 
accessible website. 
(3) PHASE
II
STUDY
AND
REPORT
ON
PFAS 
TOXICITY AND HAZARD ESTIMATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The phase II study re-
quired to be conducted under paragraph (1) 
shall, at a minimum— 
(i) review animal and human toxicity 
information on the environmentally rel-
evant PFAS identified in the Phase I re-
port under paragraph (2) and develop an 
approach for conducting a hazard assess-
ment of these PFAS; 
(ii) give consideration as to whether 
chemical category-based approaches for as-
sessing toxicity would be appropriate for 
evaluating PFAS as a group; and 
(iii) identify research needed to ad-
vance toxicity and hazard assessment of in-
dividual or total PFAS. 
(B) REPORT.—Not later than 270 days 
after the date on which the Phase I report is 
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submitted to Congress under paragraph (2), the 
National Academies shall submit to Congress a 
report containing the findings and recommenda-
tions of the study described in subparagraph 
(A) and shall make such report available on a 
publicly accessible website. 
(b) RESEARCH ASSESSMENT OF MANAGEMENT AND 
TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES FOR PFAS CONTAMINATION 
IN THE ENVIRONMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Defense and other 
Federal agencies with expertise relevant to the devel-
opment of PFAS alternatives and the management 
and treatment of PFAS, shall jointly enter into an 
agreement with the National Academies to conduct 
a study and submit a report in accordance with this 
subsection to better understand the research and de-
velopment needed to advance the understanding of 
the extent and implications of environmental con-
tamination by PFAS, how to manage and treat such 
contamination, and the development of safe alter-
natives. 
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(2) SCOPE OF STUDY.—The study described in 
paragraph (1) shall, at a minimum, include the fol-
lowing: 
(A) An assessment of the current research 
on such issues. 
(B) A description of the research gaps re-
lating to such issues. 
(C) Recommendations on how the Federal 
Government can address the research needs 
identified pursuant to subparagraph (B). 
(D) Recommendations on how research can 
best incorporate considerations of socioeconomic 
issues into the development of research pro-
posals and the conduct of research. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 540 days after 
the date on which the agreement described in para-
graph (1) is finalized, the National Academies shall 
submit to Congress a report containing the findings 
and recommendations of the study described in 
paragraph (2) and shall make such report available 
on a publicly accessible website. 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section— 
(1) to the Administrator of Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, $3,000,000; and 
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(2) to the Director of the National Science 
Foundation, $1,000,000. 
SEC. 4. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN. 
Not later than 180 days after submission to Congress 
of latest of the National Academies reports under section 
3, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy, in coordination with all relevant Federal agencies, 
shall submit to Congress an implementation plan for Fed-
eral PFAS research, development, and demonstration ac-
tivities. In preparing such an implementation plan, the Di-
rector shall take into consideration the recommendations 
included in the reports in section 3. 
SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) NATIONAL
ACADEMIES.—The term ‘‘Na-
tional Academies’’ means the National Academies of 
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 
(2) PFAS.—The term ‘‘PFAS’’ means per- and 
polyfluoroalkyl substances. 
Æ 
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