I 
116TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4416 
To authorize the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to award 
grants to eligible entities to evaluate and reduce lead-based paint hazards, 
lead in drinking water hazards, and lead in soil hazards in pre-1978 
residential real properties. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 19, 2019 
Mr. GOLDEN (for himself, Mr. QUIGLEY, Mr. KHANNA, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, 
Mr. ENGEL, and Ms. PINGREE) introduced the following bill; which was 
referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the 
Committees on Energy and Commerce, and Veterans’ Affairs, for a pe-
riod to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for con-
sideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com-
mittee concerned 
A BILL 
To authorize the Secretary of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment to award grants to eligible entities to evaluate 
and reduce lead-based paint hazards, lead in drinking 
water hazards, and lead in soil hazards in pre-1978 
residential real properties. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Lead-Free Future Act 
of 2019’’. 
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SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds as follows: 
(1) Lead poisoning is an entirely preventable 
environmental illness. 
(2) The Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention has declared that there is no safe level of 
lead, with even low-level exposure having lifelong 
negative impacts on children. 
(3) In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control 
and Prevention determined that a concentration of 5 
micrograms per deciliter (ug/dL) in blood is the ref-
erence level, at which it is recommended that public 
health action be initiated. 
(4) The American Academy of Pediatrics has 
described lead exposure as ‘‘a causal risk factor for 
diminished intellectual and academic abilities, higher 
rates of neurobehavioral disorders such as hyper-
activity and attention deficits, and lower birth 
weight in children.’’. 
(5) Studies of children with a history of ele-
vated blood lead levels at or above 5ug/dL show the 
impact over the course of their life, including dimin-
ished IQ scores, which lead to lower rates of high 
school graduation, lower earning potential, and fewer 
Quality-Adjusted Life Years. 
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(6) The Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention has found that children are at higher risk of 
lead or lead exposure if they are low-income, a per-
son of color, or a recent immigrant, live in poorly 
maintained rental properties, or have parents who 
are exposed to lead at work. 
(7) The primary sources of lead exposure are 
dust from chipping and peeling paint found in pre- 
1978 homes and water as a result of lead service 
lines used to transport drinking water, although lead 
has also been found in food, soil, jewelry, pottery, 
and other consumer products. 
(8) The Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention has found that about 23,000,000 housing 
units, most of them built before 1960, have one or 
more lead-based paint hazards, where young children 
under age 6 are endangered by chipping or peeling 
lead paint or excessive amounts of lead-contaminated 
dust. 
(9) According to the Centers for Disease Con-
trol and Prevention, there were over 88,000 new 
cases of lead poisoning in the United States in 2016. 
(10) A 2017 study by Pew Charitable Trust in-
dicates that removing lead-based paint hazards and 
lead service lines from older housing with low-income 
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children results in a combined return on investment 
of $2.77 per dollar invested. 
(11) The 2019 Interagency Task Force Lead 
Action Plan found that a national strategy is re-
quired to holistically address lead hazards in hous-
ing, drinking water, and soil. 
(12) The Federal Government has historically 
had a role in assessing and correcting home health 
hazards to support the national goal of providing de-
cent, safe, and sanitary housing for every family in 
the United States. 
(13) Standards for lead cleanup funding 
should— 
(A) align with Federal health and environ-
mental recommendations; and 
(B) move all States to health-protective 
lead exposure prevention and mitigation strate-
gies. 
SEC. 3. LEAD CLEANUP GRANTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development (in this section referred to as the 
‘‘Secretary’’) shall award grants to eligible entities for the 
purpose of evaluating and reducing lead-based paint haz-
ards, lead in drinking water hazards, and lead in soil haz-
ards in residential real properties constructed before 1978. 
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(b) ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS.—To be eligible to receive 
a grant under this section, an entity shall be one of the 
following: 
(1) A State or local government that has an ap-
proved comprehensive housing affordability strategy 
under section 105 of the Cranston-Gonzalez Na-
tional Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12705). 
(2) A State or local government that has pro-
duced a comprehensive plan or strategy to address 
lead poisoning. 
(3) A nonprofit organization that meets the fol-
lowing requirements: 
(A) The nonprofit organization is a com-
munity-based social and human service organi-
zation that provides housing services. 
(B) The nonprofit organization has a dem-
onstrated ability to provide, directly or through 
a subgrantee, lead hazard control interventions. 
(c) APPLICATIONS.—To seek a grant under this sec-
tion, an eligible entity shall submit an application in such 
form and manner as the Secretary shall require. Any such 
application shall contain— 
(1) a description of the amount of assistance 
the eligible entity seeks under this section; 
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(2) a description of the planned activities to be 
undertaken with the grant, including an estimate of 
the amount of funds to be allocated to each activity; 
(3) a description of the forms of financial as-
sistance that will be provided to owners and occu-
pants of pre-1978 housing through the grant; 
(4) a demonstration that the jurisdiction, as re-
quired by section 5— 
(A) has in effect a blood lead reference 
level at or below the blood lead reference level 
of the Centers for Disease Control and Preven-
tion; and 
(B) requires an environmental investiga-
tion to identify environmental sources of lead 
exposure in residential properties and childcare 
facilities occupied by a child with an elevated 
blood lead level; and 
(5) such assurances as the Secretary may re-
quire regarding the eligible entity’s capacity to carry 
out the activities to be funded through the grant. 
(d) SELECTION CRITERIA.—The Secretary shall se-
lect grant recipients under this section on the basis of— 
(1) the merit of the activities proposed to be 
carried out; and 
(2) selection criteria including— 
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(A) the extent to which the proposed ac-
tivities will reduce the risk of lead poisoning 
for— 
(i) low-income children under 6 years 
of age; and 
(ii) pregnant women; 
(B) the proportion of pre-1978 housing in 
the area to be served using the grant; 
(C) the number and percentage of homes 
in the area to be served using the grant where 
household income does not exceed 80 percent of 
the area median income; 
(D) the degree of severity, and the extent 
of, lead-based paint hazards, lead in drinking 
water hazards, and lead in soil hazards in the 
area to be served, evaluated using data con-
cerning the housing age and conditions, lead 
service line inventory, and incidence of elevated 
blood lead levels according to the reference 
blood lead level of the Centers for Disease Con-
trol and Prevention; 
(E) the ability of the applicant to leverage 
State, local, philanthropic, and private funds to 
supplement the grant; and 
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(F) such other factors as the Secretary de-
termines appropriate to ensure that grants 
made available awarded under this section are 
used effectively in accordance with this section. 
(e) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.—As a condition on receipt 
of a grant under this section, a grantee shall agree to use 
the grant to evaluate and reduce lead-based paint hazards 
in residential real properties constructed before 1978, 
which may include— 
(1) performing lead inspections and risk assess-
ments in pre-1978 housing; 
(2) providing for the remediation, abatement, 
and replacement of, or otherwise addressing, lead- 
based paint hazards in pre-1978 housing in accord-
ance with applicable State and municipal health and 
housing regulations; 
(3) providing for the additional cost of reducing 
lead-based paint hazards in units undergoing renova-
tion funded by other sources; 
(4) providing for the testing of drinking water, 
and identifying lead service lines and leaded plumb-
ing fixtures, to identify lead hazards in drinking 
water; 
(5) providing for the replacement of lead service 
lines, in communities where a water utility will or is 
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required to replace the utility-owned portion of the 
lead service line; 
(6) remediation of lead in soil; 
(7) monitoring the blood lead levels of workers 
involved in the lead-hazard reduction activities fund-
ed under this section; 
(8) assisting in the temporary relocation of 
families forced to vacate pre-1978 housing while 
lead-hazard-reduction measures are being conducted, 
if; 
(9) educating the public on the nature and 
causes of lead poisoning and measures to reduce the 
exposure to lead, including exposure due to residen-
tial lead-based paint hazards; 
(10) testing soil, paint, interior surface dust, 
drinking water, and the blood lead levels of children 
under 6 years of age, and pregnant women, residing 
in pre-1978 housing after lead-based paint hazard 
reduction activity has been conducted, to assure that 
such activity does not cause excessive exposures to 
lead; 
(11) creating or expanding workforce develop-
ment, training, certification, and accreditation pro-
grams; and 
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(12) carrying out such activities as the Sec-
retary determines appropriate to promote the pur-
pose described in subsection (a). 
(f) FORMS OF ASSISTANCE.—A recipient of a grant 
under this section may use the grant to provide eligible 
activities described in subsection (e) through a variety of 
funding approaches, including subgrants, loans, equity in-
vestments, revolving loan funds, loan funds, loan guaran-
tees, interest write-downs, and other forms of assistance 
approved by the Secretary for purposes of this section. 
(g) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.—As a condition on 
receipt of a grant under this section, a grantee shall agree 
to make contributions toward the cost of activities funded 
through the grant for a fiscal year in an amount that is 
not less than 4 percent of the total amount of the grant 
for such fiscal year. 
(h) SUPPLEMENT NOT SUPPLANT.—As a condition 
on receipt of a grant under this section, a grantee shall 
agree to use amounts received through the grant to sup-
plement and not supplant funds used by the grantee for 
eligible activities described in subsection (e). 
(i) LIMITATION ON ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.— 
As a condition on receipt of a grant under this section, 
a grantee shall ensure that not more than 10 percent of 
the grant is used for administrative expenses. 
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(j) FINANCIAL RECORDS.—As a condition on receipt 
of a grant under this section, a grantee shall agree to 
maintain and provide the Secretary with financial records 
sufficient, in the determination of the Secretary, to ensure 
proper accounting and disbursing of amounts made avail-
able to the grantee through the grant. 
(k) AFFORDABILITY MAINTENANCE.—As a condition 
on receipt of a grant under this section, a grantee shall 
agree to require the owner of any rental property receiving 
assistance through the grant, for a period of 3 years after 
lead remediation at the rental property pursuant to such 
assistance, or throughout the term of any loan made to 
the owner pursuant to the grant, whichever is longer— 
(1) to maintain the affordability of rental units 
at the rental property; and 
(2) to continue to rent to families with one or 
more children under 6 years of age or a pregnant 
woman. 
(l) REPORTS.—For any fiscal year in which a grantee 
under this section expends funds received through the 
grant, such grantee shall submit a report to the Secretary 
on the use of the funds. For the respective fiscal year, 
any such report shall at a minimum— 
(1) specify the number and type of residential 
housing units remediated of interior and exterior 
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lead-based paint hazards, lead dust, lead service 
lines, or leaded plumbing fixtures; and 
(2) include community-level elevated blood lead 
surveillance data before and after such remediation, 
presented at the census block or census tract level. 
(m) NOTICE OF FUNDING AVAILABILITY.—Not later 
than 120 days after the date on which funds are first ap-
propriated to carry out this section, the Secretary shall 
publish a notice of funding availability regarding grants 
under this section. 
(n) RELATION
TO OTHER PROGRAMS.—The Sec-
retary shall carry out the program under this section in 
conjunction with other Federal environmental lead hazard 
control and childhood lead-poisoning prevention programs. 
(o) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—To carry out this section, 
there 
is 
authorized 
to 
be 
appropriated 
$12,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2020 
through 2024. 
(2) FUNDING
ALLOCATION.—The Secretary 
may allow grantees under this section, collectively, to 
allocate for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024, 
a total of up to $300,000 for capacity building de-
scribed in subsection (e)(11). 
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SEC. 4. BLOOD LEAD LEVEL SURVEILLANCE AND EDU-
CATION FUNDING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and 
Human Services may award grants to States, the District 
of Columbia, Territories, and local governments to— 
(1) increase blood lead level screening, including 
screening for elevated blood lead levels in infants, 
children, and pregnant women; 
(2) ensure referral for treatment of, and envi-
ronmental intervention for, infants and children with 
elevated blood lead levels; 
(3) conduct blood lead level surveillance; 
(4) facilitate data collection and analysis to bet-
ter understand lead poisoning risk, including with 
respect to health, housing, and other environmental 
lead exposure source data; 
(5) support data analysis for lead-poisoning 
prevention resource targeting; and 
(6) educate the public on the impact of lead 
poisoning, including education to prevent and miti-
gate the impact of childhood lead poisoning. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—To carry 
out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated 
$500,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2020 through 
2024. 
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SEC. 5. ALIGNMENT WITH FEDERAL HEALTH AND HOUSING 
STANDARDS. 
To be eligible to receive funding under section 3 or 
4 of this Act, under any program of the Office of Lead 
Hazard Control and Healthy Homes of the Department 
of Housing and Urban Development, or under the Child-
hood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program of the Centers 
for Disease Control and Prevention, a State or local gov-
ernment (or any subdivision thereof) shall— 
(1) have in effect a blood lead reference level at 
or below the blood lead reference level of the Centers 
for Disease Control and Prevention; and 
(2) require an environmental investigation, in 
accordance with the 2012 edition of the Department 
of Housing and Urban Development’s ‘‘Guidelines 
for the Evaluation and Control of Lead-Based Paint 
Hazards in Housing’’, to identify environmental 
sources of lead exposure in residential properties and 
childcare facilities occupied by a child with an ele-
vated blood lead level. 
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SEC. 6. LEAD HAZARD INSPECTION, DISCLOSURE, AND RE-
MEDIATION, REPLACEMENT, AND REPAIR IN 
FEDERALLY 
SUPPORTED 
HOUSING 
AND 
HOUSING WITH FEDERALLY RELATED MORT-
GAGES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Di-
rector of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the 
Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall mandate alignment 
with Federal laws, including those related to lead-risk as-
sessment and lead-hazard remediation, as a condition of 
eligibility for— 
(1) any Federal mortgage assistance, any direct 
Federal mortgage, or any mortgage insurance or 
guarantee, through the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development, the Department of Agriculture, 
the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Federal 
National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home 
Loan Mortgage Corporation, or the Federal Home 
Loan Banks; or 
(2) any federally supported housing (as such 
term is defined in section 7). 
(b) STANDARD ACTIVITIES REQUIRED IN FEDER-
ALLY ASSISTED HOUSING.—The Secretary of Housing 
and Urban Development, the Secretary of Agriculture, the 
Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the 
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Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall require the following 
activities, when appropriate, with respect to any federally 
supported housing and any housing for which any mort-
gage, or mortgage assistance, insurance, or guarantee re-
ferred to in subsection (a)(1) is provided: 
(1) Lead-risk assessments including lead dust 
wipe testing, carried out by professionals with Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency-required training and 
certification. 
(2) Drinking water testing and identification of 
lead service line and leaded plumbing fixtures. 
(3) Testing of soil for lead hazards. 
(4) Lead remediation or abatement, lead-based 
paint hazards in accordance with State or municipal 
health and housing regulations. 
(5) Replacement of leaded plumbing and lead 
service line replacement in communities where water 
utility will or is required to replace the utility-owned 
portion. 
(6) Remediation of lead hazards in soil. 
(7) Disclosure of identified lead hazards to rel-
evant parties including tenants, buyers, sellers, in-
vestors, Federal, State, and local housing and health 
officials as required by law or regulation, and other 
required parties. 
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(8) Temporary relocation of families while lead 
hazard reduction measures are being conducted. 
(9) Other activities that the agency heads speci-
fied in subsection (a) determine appropriate to pro-
mote the purposes of this Act. 
SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) 
ABATEMENT.—The 
term 
‘‘abatement’’ 
means the complete and permanent elimination of 
lead hazards. 
(2) BLOOD
LEAD
REFERENCE
LEVEL.—The 
term ‘‘blood lead reference level’’ means the min-
imum concentration of lead in an individual’s blood, 
at or above which the jurisdiction or the Centers for 
Disease Control and Prevention, as applicable, rec-
ommends public health actions be taken. 
(3) FEDERALLY
SUPPORTED
HOUSING.—The 
term ‘‘federally supported housing’’ means housing 
for which assistance is provided by the Federal Gov-
ernment under— 
(A) section 221(d)(3) or 236 of the Na-
tional Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1715l(d)(3); 
1715z–1); 
(B) section 101 of the Housing and Urban 
Development Act of 1965 (12 U.S.C. 1701s); 
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(C) section 8 of the United States Housing 
Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f); or 
(D) sections 502(a), 504, 514, 515, 516, 
or 533 of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 
1472(a), 1474, 1484, 1485, 1486, 1490m). 
(4) LEAD-BASED PAINT.—The term ‘‘lead-based 
paint’’ means paint or other surface coatings that 
contain lead in excess of limits established under 
section 302(c) of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning 
Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4822(c)). 
(5) LEAD-BASED
PAINT
HAZARD.—The term 
‘‘lead-based paint hazard’’ means any condition that 
causes exposure to lead from lead-contaminated 
dust, 
lead-contaminated 
soil, 
lead-contaminated 
paint that is deteriorated or present in accessible 
surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that 
would result in adverse human health effects as es-
tablished by the appropriate Federal agency. 
(6) LEAD-CONTAMINATED
DUST.—The term 
‘‘lead-contaminated dust’’ means surface dust in res-
idential dwellings that contains an area or mass con-
centration of lead in excess of levels determined by 
the appropriate Federal agency to pose a threat of 
adverse health effects in pregnant women or young 
children. 
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(7) LEAD
DUST
WIPE
TESTING.—The term 
‘‘lead dust wipe testing’’ means the process of 
verifying that the concentrations of lead dust 
present on household interior surfaces are lower 
than allowable standards. 
(8) LEAD SERVICE LINE.—The term ‘‘lead serv-
ice line’’ means a pipe that connects the water main 
to the building inlet and contains lead. 
(9) LOAN GUARANTEE.—The term ‘‘loan guar-
antee’’ means a formal agreement that 1 party will 
assume the debt obligation of a borrower if they are 
no longer able to pay the principal or interest of a 
loan. 
(10) REMEDIATION.—The term ‘‘remediation’’ 
means an action taken to eliminate lead hazards in 
a nonpermanent way. 
(11) RESIDENTIAL DWELLING.—The term ‘‘res-
idential dwelling’’ means— 
(A) a single-family dwelling, including at-
tached structures such as porches and stoops; 
or 
(B) a single-family dwelling unit in a 
structure that contains more than 1 separate 
residential dwelling unit, and in which each 
such unit is used or occupied, or intended to be 
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used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the 
home or residence of one or more persons. 
(12) RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY.—The term 
‘‘residential real property’’ means real property on 
which there is situated one or more residential dwell-
ings used or occupied, or intended to be used or oc-
cupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence 
of one or more persons. 
(13) REVOLVING LOAN FUND.—The term ‘‘re-
volving loan fund’’ means a self-replenishing financ-
ing mechanism that utilizes debt payments as capital 
to issue new loans. 
(14) RISK ASSESSMENT.—The term ‘‘risk as-
sessment’’ means an on-site investigation to deter-
mine and report the existence, nature, severity, and 
location of lead-based paint hazards in the residen-
tial dwellings, including— 
(A) information gathering regarding the 
age and history of the housing and occupancy 
by children under age 6; 
(B) visual inspection; 
(C) limited wipe sampling or other environ-
mental sampling techniques; 
(D) other activity as may be appropriate; 
and 
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(E) provision of a report explaining the re-
sults of the investigation. 
Æ 
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