•HCON 107 EH 
has encouraged Palestinians to gather on the roofs of 
their homes to act as human shields; 
Whereas on July 23, 2014, the 46-Member UN Human 
Rights Council passed a resolution to form a commission 
of inquiry over Israel’s operations in Gaza without a sin-
gle mention of the indiscriminate rocket attacks by 
Hamas or the use of human shields, with the United 
States being the lone dissenting vote; 
Whereas public reports have cited the role of Iran and Syria 
in providing material support and training to Hamas and 
other terrorist groups carrying out rocket and mortar at-
tacks from Gaza; 
Whereas throughout the summer of 2006 conflict between the 
State of Israel and the terrorist organization Hezbollah, 
Hezbollah forces utilized human shields in violation of 
international humanitarian law; 
Whereas Al-Qaeda, Al-Shabaab, Islamic State of Iraq and the 
Levant (ISIL) and other foreign terrorist organizations 
typically use innocent civilians as human shields; 
Whereas the United States and Israel have cooperated on 
missile defense projects, including Iron Dome, David’s 
Sling, and the Arrow Anti-Missile System, projects de-
signed to thwart a diverse range of threats, including 
short-range missiles and rockets fired by non-state ac-
tors, such as Hamas; 
Whereas the United States has provided $235,000,000 in fis-
cal year 2014 for Iron Dome research, development, and 
production; 
Whereas, during the most recent rocket attacks from Gaza, 
Iron Dome has successfully intercepted dozens of rockets
•HCON 107 EH 
that were launched against Israeli population centers; 
and 
Whereas 5 million Israelis are currently living under the 
threat of rocket attacks from Gaza: Now, therefore, be it 
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 
concurring), That Congress— 
(1) strongly condemns the use of innocent civil-
ians as human shields; 
(2) calls on the international community to rec-
ognize and condemn Hamas’ breaches of inter-
national law through the use of human shields; 
(3) places responsibility for the rocket attacks 
against Israel on Hamas and other terrorist organi-
zations, such as Islamic Jihad; 
(4) supports the sovereign right of the Govern-
ment of Israel to defend its territory and its citizens 
from Hamas’ rocket attacks, kidnapping attempts 
and the use of tunnels and other means to carry out 
attacks against Israel; 
(5) expresses condolences to the families of the 
innocent victims on both sides of the conflict; 
(6) supports Palestinian civilians who reject 
Hamas and all forms of terrorism and violence, de-
siring to live in peace with their Israeli neighbors; 
(7) condemns Hamas’ repeated refusals to ac-
cept a cease-fire with Israel;
•HCON 107 EH 
(8) supports efforts to permanently demilitarize 
the Gaza Strip, removing Hamas’s means to target 
Israel, including its use of tunnels, rockets, and 
other means; and 
(9) condemns the United Nations Human 
Rights Council’s biased commission of inquiry into 
Israel’s Gaza operations. 
Passed the House of Representatives July 30, 2014. 
Attest: 
Clerk.
113TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. CON. RES. 107 
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 
Denouncing the use of civilians as human shields 
by Hamas and other terrorist organizations in 
violation of international humanitarian law.