(f) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 
SEC. 109. AUTHORIZING PROGRAMS TO COUNTER AND 
COMBAT RUSSIAN DISINFORMATION ACTIVI-
TIES. 
(a) COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.—The 
Secretary of State should use funds available for obliga-
tion in the Countering Russian Influence Fund— 
(1) to prioritize assisting Ukraine to detect and 
combat disinformation from the Russian Federation 
and its proxies; and 
(2) to assist the Government of Ukraine in de-
veloping new defense strategies and technologies. 
(b) STRATEGY REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a 
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plan for countering and combating disinformation by 
the Russian Federation and supporting free and 
independent media in Ukraine that includes— 
(A) a plan to assist the Government of 
Ukraine in combating and responding to malign 
influence operations of the Russian Federation 
aimed at inflaming tensions and dividing 
Ukrainian society; 
(B) an assessment of effective efforts and 
programs to improve media literacy in Ukraine 
and recommendations for how the United 
States can assist in supporting and expanding 
those programs; 
(C) a plan to assist the Government of 
Ukraine improve efforts to detect and remove 
content originating from Russian troll farms, 
bots, and other sources aimed at sowing divi-
sion 
and 
disseminating 
disinformation 
in 
Ukraine or targeting Ukrainian audiences; 
(D) recommendations to increase support 
for independent media outlets, including Radio 
Free Europe/Radio Liberty; and 
(E) recommendations to increase support 
for independent media outlets catering to Rus-
sian-speaking populations residing in Russian- 
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occupied Crimea, the Donbas region of Ukraine, 
and throughout Ukraine. 
(2) FORM.—The strategy required by para-
graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 
but may include a classified annex if necessary. 
SEC. 110. ESTABLISHMENT OF UKRAINE RECONSTRUCTION 
TRUST FUND. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter A of chapter 98 of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at 
the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 9512. UKRAINE RECONSTRUCTION TRUST FUND. 
‘‘(a) CREATION OF TRUST FUND.—There is estab-
lished in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund 
to be known as the ‘Ukraine Reconstruction Trust Fund’, 
consisting of such amounts as may be appropriated to 
such fund as provided in this section. 
‘‘(b) TRANSFERS TO TRUST FUND.—There are here-
by appropriated to the Ukraine Reconstruction Trust 
Fund amounts equivalent to the net revenues received in 
the Treasury from the taxes imposed under section 892A. 
‘‘(c) EXPENDITURES FROM TRUST FUND.—Amounts 
in the Ukraine Reconstruction Trust Fund shall be avail-
able, as provided in appropriations Acts, only to the Sec-
retary of State for purposes of— 
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‘‘(1) reconstruction and rebuilding efforts in 
Ukraine, 
‘‘(2) humanitarian assistance to the people of 
Ukraine, 
‘‘(3) fostering long-term economic growth and 
private sector development in Ukraine, and 
‘‘(4) bolstering transparent and accountable 
governance of the Ukrainian economy. 
‘‘(d) TRUST FUND NOT INTEREST-BEARING.—Sec-
tion 9602(b) shall not apply to the Ukraine Reconstruc-
tion Trust Fund. 
‘‘(e) REQUIREMENTS UNDER FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 
ACT
OF 1961.—Any assistance made available from 
amounts in the Ukraine Reconstruction Trust Fund shall 
be subject to all applicable requirements for the provision 
of such assistance for the same or similar purpose author-
ized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2151 et seq.), including requirements under such Act re-
lating to administrative authorities, congressional notifica-
tions, and reporting.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
for subchapter A of chapter 98 of such Code is amended 
by adding at the end the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 9512. Ukraine Reconstruction Trust Fund.’’. 
(c) REPORT.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter for 3 years, the Secretary of State shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report detailing the use of any funds made avail-
able from the Ukrainian Reconstruction Trust Fund. 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap-
propriate congressional committees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
Committee on Ways and Means, and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
the Committee on Finance, and the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate. 
SEC. 111. UNITED STATES-EUROPEAN NUCLEAR ENERGY 
COOPERATION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federa-
tion initiated a full-scale invasion of Ukraine which 
has severely threatened energy security in the 
United States, Europe, and around the world. 
(2) The security of Ukraine’s energy grid has 
been vital to Ukraine’s success in its defense of its 
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territory and ensuring the Ukrainian government 
can effectively provide goods and services to Ukrain-
ian citizens. 
(3) Ukraine has operated four nuclear power 
plants with 15 reactors, primarily Russian-designed 
water-water energetic reactor (VVER) reactors. 
(4) Russia, in its war of aggression against 
Ukraine, has systematically targeted Ukraine’s en-
ergy infrastructure through heavy shelling and tar-
geted attacks, particularly in the winter months 
when innocent Ukrainian civilians are most vulner-
able. 
(5) Since March 2022, Russian forces have ille-
gally occupied the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Sta-
tion, the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, and 
Russian forces have surrounded the station with 
landmines, further threatening regional security. 
(6) Russian-designed VVER reactors have been 
built across Europe, including in Belarus, Bulgaria, 
the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Hungary, 
Slovakia, Turkey, and Ukraine. 
(7) Russia uses its nuclear power plant designs 
and fuel services to spread malign influence and 
threaten United States and European energy secu-
rity. 
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(8) As of 2021, Russia owned about 20 percent 
of the total uranium conversion infrastructure world-
wide and in 2020, had the largest uranium enrich-
ment capacity at close to 46 percent. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) in countries seeking or developing a nuclear 
power industry, the Department of State should 
prioritize the utilization of products and services 
from the United States, and then prioritize products 
and services from Europe and other allied or partner 
countries, including Canada, Japan, the United 
Kingdom, and the Republic of Korea when not di-
rectly competing with the United States; 
(2) the United States and its allies must focus 
on cooperation, including capacity building and 
early-stage project support, to expand the nuclear 
industry in Europe in a way that maintains non-
proliferation, security, and safety standards and 
aligns with international obligations and treaties 
while combating Russian and Chinese malign influ-
ence; and 
(3) the United States should continue to pursue 
the Foundational Infrastructure for Responsible Use 
of Small Modular Reactor Technology program as a 
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means of helping partner countries meet their clean 
energy needs with scalable, flexible, secure, and safe 
nuclear power programs. 
(c) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of State, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Energy and the 
heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
shall develop a strategy to strengthen United States-Euro-
pean nuclear energy cooperation and combat Russian ma-
lign influence in the nuclear energy sector in Europe. 
(d) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required by subsection 
(c) shall include, at a minimum, the following elements: 
(1) An overview and assessment of the Sec-
retary of State’s efforts to broaden participation by 
United States nuclear industry entities in Europe 
and promote the accessibility and competitiveness of 
United States, European, and partner technologies 
and services against Russian and Chinese tech-
nologies in Europe. 
(2) An overview of different nuclear reactor 
types that are currently deployed or under regu-
latory review in Europe, including large light-water 
reactors, small modular light-water reactors, and 
non-light-water reactors, and— 
(A) what role, if any, each reactor type 
could have in reducing Russia’s influence over 
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European energy supply by 2030, 2035, 2040, 
2045, and 2050; 
(B) challenges that each reactor type may 
face with rapid deployment, including costs, 
market barriers to first-of-a-kind designs, sup-
ply chain constraints, and regulatory require-
ments; 
(C) the impacts of each reactor type on 
maintaining strong nonproliferation standards, 
including the minimization of weapons-usable 
nuclear material; and 
(D) opportunities for the use of United 
States, European, and partner technologies and 
services in the deployment or potential deploy-
ment of each reactor type. 
(3) An overview of different fuel cycles that are 
currently deployed or under consideration in Europe, 
including use of low enriched uranium, including 
high assay low enriched uranium, and spent fuel re-
processing, along with an analysis of the implica-
tions of each fuel cycle on— 
(A) reducing and eliminating Russia’s 
market share in Europe for uranium, conver-
sion, enrichment, and reactor fuel between now 
and 2030; 
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(B) achieving long-term energy security 
free of Russian influence; and 
(C) maintaining strong nonproliferation 
standards, including the minimization of weap-
ons-usable material as well as high nuclear safe-
ty and security standards. 
(4) An overview of nuclear reactor designs and 
fuel cycle infrastructure that the United States Gov-
ernment is currently funding the development of, 
and— 
(A) the potential, if any, that each of these 
technologies have to decrease or eliminate Rus-
sia’s market share in the United States and 
Europe for nuclear power reactors, uranium 
mining and milling, conversion, enrichment, fuel 
fabrication, deconversion, and spent nuclear 
fuel reprocessing in the short-, medium-, and 
long-term; 
(B) the impact of these technologies on the 
minimization of weapons-usable nuclear mate-
rial, including the use of highly enriched ura-
nium or plutonium fuels; and 
(C) an assessment of the use cases for 
each of these designs and fuel cycles. 
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(5) An overview of the United States Govern-
ment’s diplomatic engagements regarding the nu-
clear energy sector in Europe. 
(6) A list of countries in Europe with active nu-
clear power programs, and— 
(A) an analysis of each country’s nuclear 
energy policy; 
(B) an overview of existing areas of co-
operation with regards to nuclear energy be-
tween each country and— 
(i) the United States; 
(ii) other European and friendly coun-
tries; and 
(iii) adversarial countries including 
China and Russia; 
(C) an overview of potential areas for fu-
ture cooperation between each country and the 
United States with regards to nuclear energy; 
and 
(D) a summary of fuel types used in each 
country’s nuclear power programs. 
(7) An overview of Russian and Chinese influ-
ence in the European nuclear energy sector. 
(8) An overview of how the United States Gov-
ernment is working with allies and partners to 
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counter Russian malign influence within the Euro-
pean energy sector to include steps taken to counter 
Russian influence in the mining and milling, conver-
sion, enrichment, and fuel fabrication processes as 
well as in reactor construction. 
(9) An overview of how the United States Gov-
ernment balances the urgent strategic need for col-
laboration with allies and partners on countering 
Russia’s influence on nuclear energy in Europe, with 
commercial competitiveness issues that may arise be-
tween United States companies and companies in 
Europe, Canada, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. 
(10) An assessment of Rosatom’s role in Rus-
sia’s energy sector, to include an overview of 
strengths and vulnerabilities of the conglomerate. 
(e) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
the strategy required by subsection (c). 
(f) FORM.—The strategy required by subsection (c) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 
a classified annex, so long as such annex is provided sepa-
rately from the unclassified strategy. 
(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $30,000,000 for each of fis-
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cal years 2025 through 2029 to support critically needed 
engagement in Europe consistent with the strategy re-
quired by subsection (c) on countering Russian malign in-
fluence and with a particular focus on responsible nuclear 
power program capacity building, early stage nuclear 
power 
project 
support, 
and 
countering 
Russian 
disinformation campaigns. 
(h) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives; 
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of the Representatives; and 
(D) the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate. 
(2) HIGH ASSAY LOW ENRICHED URANIUM.— 
The term ‘‘high assay low enriched uranium’’ means 
uranium enriched so that the concentration of the 
fissile isotope uranium–235 (U–235) is between 5 
percent and 20 percent of the mass of uranium. 
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(3) LOW ENRICHED URANIUM.—The term ‘‘low 
enriched uranium’’ means fuel in which the weight 
percent of U–235 in the uranium is less than 20 
percent. 
TITLE II—SECURITY 
ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 201. LEND-LEASE AUTHORITY. 
Section 2 of the Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend- 
Lease Act of 2022 (Public Law 117–118; 136 Stat. 1184) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘fiscal 
years 2022 and 2023’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal years 
2022 through 2028’’; 
(2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-
section (d); and 
(3) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing new subsection: 
‘‘(c) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after any use 
of the authority provided by subsection (a), the Secretary 
of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit to Congress a report that includes— 
‘‘(1) a description of the defense articles loaned 
or leased to the Government of Ukraine, or to the 
government of an Eastern European country im-
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pacted by the Russian Federation’s invasion of 
Ukraine, under such authority; and 
‘‘(2) a strategy and timeline for recovery and 
return of such defense articles.’’. 
SEC. 202. DIRECT LOANS AND FOREIGN MILITARY FINANC-
ING. 
(a) DIRECT LOANS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Through fiscal year 2026, 
direct loans under section 23 of the Arms Export 
Control Act may be made available for Ukraine and 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization allies, notwith-
standing section 23(c)(1) of the Arms Export Con-
trol Act, gross obligations for the principal amounts 
of which shall not exceed $8,000,000,000. 
(2) OTHER UNOBLIGATED BALANCES.—The un-
obligated balances of amounts made available by any 
Act making appropriations for the Department of 
State, foreign operations, and related programs, 
under the heading ‘‘International Security Assist-
ance—Funds Appropriated to the President—For-
eign Military Financing’’ shall also be made avail-
able for the cost of loans and loan guarantees as au-
thorized by this section. 
(b) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.—The terms and condi-
tions described in section 2606 of the Ukraine Supple-
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mental Appropriations Act of 2022 (division N of Public 
Law 117–103) shall apply to amounts made available by 
this section in the same manner and to the same extent 
as amounts made available by such section except that 
subsection (b) of such section shall be applied by striking 
‘‘$4,000,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$8,000,000,000’’. 
(c) 
EMERGENCY
DESIGNATION.—Amounts 
repurposed pursuant to this section that were previously 
designated by the Congress as an emergency requirement 
pursuant to a concurrent resolution on the budget or the 
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
1985, are designated by the Congress as being for an 
emergency 
requirement 
pursuant 
to 
section 
251(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency 
Deficit Control Act of 1985: Provided, That such amounts 
shall be available only if the President designates such 
amounts as an emergency requirement pursuant to section 
251(b)(2)(A)(i). 
SEC. 203. SUPPORT FOR BALTIC COUNTRIES. 
(a) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of 
State shall carry out programs, projects, and activities to 
build the capacity of the national militaries and border 
guard forces of Baltic countries, pursuant to the 2024 Bi-
lateral Defense Cooperation Roadmaps for 2024–2028, 
which provide for the promotion of ‘‘defense cooperation 
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in integrated air and missile defense, maritime domain 
awareness, cyber, irregular warfare, participation in inter-
national military operations and exercises, infrastructure 
development, and training’’. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State, 
for each of the fiscal years 2026, 2027, and 2028, in addi-
tion to amounts already authorized to be appropriated for 
such purposes to carry out the assistance described in sub-
section (a)— 
(1) $30,000,000 for Foreign Military Financing 
grants authorized under section 23 of the Arms Ex-
port Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763) for each Baltic 
country; and 
(2) $4,000,000 for Nonproliferation, Anti-ter-
rorism, Demining, and Related programs, including 
as authorized under the Foreign Assistance Act (22 
U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) for each Baltic country. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
shall brief the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives regarding— 
(1) the most pressing security needs of Baltic 
countries; 
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(2) a plan for the disbursement of funds so ob-
ligated; and 
(3) an analysis of European and other allied 
country support for Baltic countries. 
SEC. 204. EXTENSION OF UKRAINE SECURITY ASSISTANCE 
INITIATIVE. 
Section 1250 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 
1068) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(11) For fiscal year 2026, $300,000,000. 
‘‘(12) For fiscal year 2027, $300,000,000.’’; 
and 
(2) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘December 
31, 2026’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2027’’. 
SEC. 205. REPORT ON ALLIED AND PARTNER MILITARY 
CONTRIBUTIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, and every 90 days there-
after, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Sec-
retary of Defense, shall submit to the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on For-
eign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report in-
cluding— 
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(1) a detailed description of all military con-
tributions made or planned by allied and partner 
countries, disaggregated by country, including de-
tails of types and quantities of platforms and sys-
tems provided; 
(2) a description and analysis of military capa-
bilities identified as current Ukrainian operational 
needs; and 
(3) a description of United States efforts to 
meet identified Ukrainian operational needs through 
transfers of United States arms and military equip-
ment or through support and facilitation of allied 
and partner transfer of arms and military equip-
ment. 
(b) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain 
a classified annex that is submitted separately from the 
unclassified portion. 
(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives; and 
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(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
SEC. 206. REPORT ON UNITED STATES-UKRAINE INTEL-
LIGENCE SUPPORT AND COOPERATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, and every 90 days there-
after, the Director of National Intelligence, in coordination 
with the Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense, shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees, a re-
port including— 
(1) a detailed description of current United 
States intelligence support and cooperation to and 
with Ukrainian military and intelligence services; 
(2) a description and analysis of the con-
sequences of ceasing such intelligence support and 
cooperation to Ukraine, including as related to tar-
geting, battlefield effectiveness, early warning capa-
bilities, counterintelligence, and cybersecurity; and 
(3) a description of United States efforts and 
initiatives currently underway or planned to increase 
Ukrainian intelligence, counterintelligence, and cy-
bersecurity capabilities. 
(b) FORM.—The report required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in classified form. 
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(c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-
sional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 
TITLE III—SANCTIONS AND 
EXPORT CONTROLS 
SEC. 301. SANCTIONS TRIGGER DETERMINATION. 
Not later than 15 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, and at minimum every 90 days thereafter, the 
President shall make a determination as to whether the 
Russian Federation or any proxy thereof, is engaged in— 
(1) conducting a war of aggression against 
Ukraine; or 
(2) refusing to sincerely and actually negotiate 
a peace agreement with Ukraine; or 
(3) acting in violation of a negotiated peace 
agreement with Ukraine. 
SEC. 302. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
RUSSIAN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 
(a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Upon making an affirmative 
determination under section 301 and not later than 
15 days following such a determination, the Presi-
dent shall impose the sanctions described in section 
317 with respect to 3 or more of the following finan-
cial institutions: 
(A) Sberbank. 
(B) VTB. 
(C) Gazprombank. 
(D) VEB.RF. 
(E) The Russian Direct Investment Fund. 
(F) Credit Bank of Moscow. 
(G) Alfa Bank. 
(H) Rosselkhozbank. 
(I) FC Bank Otkritie. 
(J) Promsvyazbank. 
(K) Sovcombank. 
(L) Transkapitalbank. 
(M) The Central Bank of the Russian Fed-
eration. 
(2) SUBSIDIARIES AND SUCCESSOR ENTITIES.— 
The President may impose the sanctions described 
in section 310(a)(1) with respect to any subsidiary 
of, or successor entity to, a financial institution 
specified in paragraph (1). 
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joint resolution and the joint resolution shall be 
placed on the appropriate calendar. 
(C) PROCEEDING
TO
CONSIDERATION.— 
Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the Standing 
Rules of the Senate, it is in order at any time 
after the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs or the Committee on Foreign Re-
lations of the Senate, as the case may be, re-
ports a joint resolution of approval or joint res-
olution of disapproval to the Senate or has been 
discharged from consideration of such a joint 
resolution (even though a previous motion to 
the same effect has been disagreed to) to move 
to proceed to the consideration of the joint reso-
lution, and all points of order against the joint 
resolution (and against consideration of the 
joint resolution) are waived. The motion to pro-
ceed is not debatable. The motion is not subject 
to a motion to postpone. A motion to reconsider 
the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
disagreed to shall not be in order. 
(D) RULINGS OF THE CHAIR ON PROCE-
DURE.—Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
relating to the application of the rules of the 
Senate, as the case may be, to the procedure re-
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