IB 
Union Calendar No. 173 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 4824 
[Report No. 118–213] 
To amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to require the Secretary of Energy 
to carry out terrestrial carbon sequestration research and development 
activities, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 24, 2023 
Mr. BAIRD (for himself and Ms. LOFGREN) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
SEPTEMBER 22, 2023 
Reported from the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, committed 
to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and 
ordered to be printed 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Carbon Sequestration 
Collaboration Act’’. 
SEC. 2. CARBON SEQUESTRATION RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
Section 963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16293) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; 
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as 
so redesignated, the following new paragraph: 
‘‘(1) CARBON
SEQUESTRATION
IN
GEOLOGIC 
FORMATIONS.—The term ‘carbon sequestration in 
geologic formations’ means carbon sequestration 
methods or technologies utilizing existing permeable 
or porous formations in geologic settings, such as 
basins or aquifers.’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(4) TERRESTRIAL CARBON SEQUESTRATION.— 
The term ‘terrestrial carbon sequestration’ means 
carbon sequestration methods or technologies engi-
neered by humans and targeted at rangelands, agri-
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cultural lands, fallow lands, or forest stands to in-
crease soil organic carbon levels or sequester carbon 
through transport processes via plant and root bio-
mass, including through soil additives, geochemical 
approaches, and other engineered solutions that can 
increase the storage of produced carbon in inorganic 
or mineral forms, such as biochar and carbon min-
eralization utilizing mine tailings.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘shall establish’’ and 
inserting ‘‘, in coordination with the heads 
of relevant Federal agencies, carry out’’; 
and 
(ii) by inserting ‘‘, including through 
terrestrial carbon sequestration and carbon 
sequestration in geologic formations’’ be-
fore the period; 
(B) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘in coordination 
with relevant Federal agencies,’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘assess the ca-
pacity of geologic storage formation’’ 
and inserting ‘‘evaluate terrestrial 
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carbon sequestration and carbon se-
questration in geologic formations’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) in the matter preceding clause 
(i), by inserting ‘‘and terrestrial car-
bon storage sites’’ after ‘‘geologic for-
mations’’; and 
(II) in clause (ii), by striking 
‘‘geologic 
storage’’ 
and 
inserting 
‘‘across a variety of ecosystems’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (D)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘formation’’; and 
(II) by inserting ‘‘, and deter-
mining the fate of carbon dioxide con-
current with and after injection into 
geologic formations’’ before the semi-
colon; 
(iv) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide’’ 
and inserting ‘‘terrestrial carbon sequestra-
tion and carbon sequestration in geologic 
formations’’; 
(v) by striking subparagraphs (F) and 
(G); 
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(vi) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(H) and (I) as subparagraphs (F) and (G), 
respectively; 
(vii) in subparagraph (F), as so 
resesignated, by striking ‘‘and’’ after the 
semicolon; 
(viii) in subparagraph (G), as so re-
designated, by striking the period; and 
(ix) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraphs: 
‘‘(H) 
enhancing 
the 
scientific 
under-
standing of, and reducing uncertainties associ-
ated with, the cycling of carbon in agriculture 
lands, forests, and geologic formations, includ-
ing long- and short-term behavior and potential 
environmental effects of sequestered carbon; 
‘‘(I) identifying scientific barriers and pur-
suing research solutions to challenges pre-
venting terrestrial carbon sequestration and 
carbon sequestration in geologic formations, in-
cluding supporting cost and business model as-
sessments to examine the economic viability of 
technologies and systems developed under the 
program; 
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‘‘(J) collecting, identifying, standardizing, 
and utilizing data and data sharing practices 
needed to— 
‘‘(i) increase the understanding of ter-
restrial carbon sequestration, in particular 
carbon sequestered through agricultural 
practices and conservation agriculture, 
such as rangeland and grazing manage-
ment, soil cover, and crop rotations; and 
‘‘(ii) support the development and 
demonstration of new carbon sequestration 
tools and technologies; and 
‘‘(K) coordinating across Federal agencies 
research efforts regarding terrestrial carbon se-
questration and carbon sequestration in geo-
logic formations.’’; 
(C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
paragraph (5); 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
following new paragraphs: 
‘‘(3) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out activities 
under the program, the Secretary shall leverage for 
the advancement of monitoring, reporting, and 
verification, including tools, modeling, and analysis, 
the collective body of knowledge and data, including 
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experience and resources from existing carbon utili-
zation and sequestration research, entities, and dem-
onstrations, from the following: 
‘‘(A) The United States Geological Survey, 
the Agricultural Research Service, and the na-
tional Carbon Utilization Research Center. 
‘‘(B) The Department of Energy, including 
the Office of Science, the Office of Fossil En-
ergy and Carbon Management, and the Office 
of Clean Energy Demonstrations. 
‘‘(C) Interagency research and develop-
ment initiatives and data collection activities. 
‘‘(D) Other Federal agencies, research 
communities, and users of the data referred to 
in subparagraph (J) of paragraph (2), including 
the Farm Service Agency, the National Insti-
tute of Food and Agriculture, the Forest Serv-
ice, and the Natural Resources Conservation 
Service. 
‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary of Energy 
shall carry out the program in coordination with, 
and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the following: 
‘‘(A) Other research entities of the Depart-
ment of Energy, including the National Labora-
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tories and the Advanced Research Projects 
Agency–Energy. 
‘‘(B) Research entities, services, and part-
nerships of the Department of Agriculture, in-
cluding the Agricultural Research Service, the 
Natural Resources Conservation Service, the 
Farm Service Agency, and the Forest Service. 
‘‘(C) Research entities of the Department 
of the Interior. 
‘‘(D) Other entities within Federal agen-
cies that conduct research, development, or 
demonstration on terrestrial carbon sequestra-
tion and carbon sequestration in geologic for-
mations.’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(6) RESEARCH
PLAN.—Not later than two 
years after the date of the enactment of this para-
graph and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology, the Committee on Natural Resources, 
and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
Natural Resources and the Committee on Agri-
culture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate the 
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long-term strategic and prioritized research agenda 
to identify and address scientific challenges for wide-
spread adoption of terrestrial carbon sequestration 
and carbon sequestration in geological formations, 
including in shallow formations and sites not used 
for enhanced oil recovery.’’. 
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Union Calendar No. 173 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 4824 
[Report No. 118–213] 
A BILL 
To amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to require 
the Secretary of Energy to carry out terrestrial 
carbon sequestration research and development 
activities, and for other purposes. 
SEPTEMBER 22, 2023 
Reported from the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be 
printed 
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