IV 
117TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. RES. 445 
Condemning all violence and human rights abuses in Ethiopia, and calling 
on the Government of Ethiopia and the Government of the State of 
Eritrea to remove all Eritrean troops from Ethiopia, and for all belliger-
ents in the conflict, including the Ethiopian National Defense Forces, 
the Tigray People’s Liberation Front, and Amhara regional forces, and 
other armed groups to cease all hostilities, protect human rights, allow 
unfettered humanitarian access, and cooperate with independent inves-
tigations of credible atrocity allegations. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MAY 28, 2021 
Ms. BASS (for herself, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. MEEKS, and Mr. 
MCCAUL) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs 
RESOLUTION 
Condemning all violence and human rights abuses in Ethi-
opia, and calling on the Government of Ethiopia and 
the Government of the State of Eritrea to remove all 
Eritrean troops from Ethiopia, and for all belligerents 
in the conflict, including the Ethiopian National Defense 
Forces, the Tigray People’s Liberation Front, and Am-
hara regional forces, and other armed groups to cease 
all hostilities, protect human rights, allow unfettered hu-
manitarian access, and cooperate with independent inves-
tigations of credible atrocity allegations. 
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•HRES 445 IH 
Whereas the United States and the Federal Democratic Re-
public of Ethiopia share an important relationship and 
more than a century of diplomatic relations; 
Whereas Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Af-
rica and plays a key role in advancing security and sta-
bility across sub-Saharan Africa, and is a key contributor 
of uniformed personnel to United Nations peacekeeping 
missions and to the African Union Mission to Somalia; 
Whereas Ethiopia has been beset for nearly a decade by mul-
tiple human rights and humanitarian challenges, includ-
ing targeted ethnic violence, intercommunal conflict, nat-
ural disasters, and political unrest; 
Whereas tensions between Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s 
Prosperity Party and the Tigray People’s Liberation 
Front (TPLF), which was part of the ruling coalition in 
Ethiopia until late 2019, escalated when the TPLF held 
elections in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia on September 
9, 2020, despite the Federal Government of Ethiopia 
postponing the 2020 general elections due to the 
COVID–19 pandemic; 
Whereas the TPLF rejected the postponement of general 
elections and considered the extension of the term of the 
Federal Government to be unconstitutional, and the Fed-
eral Government subsequently deemed the Tigray re-
gional elections illegitimate; 
Whereas Ethiopia is undergoing a fragile political transition, 
with the postponed 2020 general elections originally re-
scheduled for June 2021, except in the Tigray Region, 
where elections have yet to be scheduled, and with de-
layed voter registration processes in multiple regions; 
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