plained al-Banna’s teachings on violent jihad: The 
certainty that jihad had this physical connotation is 
evidenced by the relationship always implied between 
it and the possibility, even the necessity, of death 
and martyrdom. Death, as an important end of 
jihad, was extolled by al-Banna in a phrase which 
came to be a famous part of his legacy: ‘‘[T]he art 
of death’’. ‘‘Death is art’’. The Koran has com-
manded people to love death more than life. Unless 
‘‘the philosophy of the Koran on death’’ replaces 
‘‘the love of life’’ which has consumed Muslims, then 
they will reach naught. Victory can only come with 
the mastery of ‘‘the art of death’’. The movement 
cannot succeed, al-Banna insists, without this dedi-
cated and unqualified kind of jihad. 
(13) This philosophy pervaded the Muslim 
Brotherhood’s prioritization of training for combat. 
Professor Mitchell observed that it was ‘‘the tone of 
the training which gave [the Muslim Brotherhood] 
its distinctive qualities’’, adding: ‘‘If the Muslim 
Brothers were more effectively violent than other 
groups on the Egyptian scene, it was because mili-
tancy and martyrdom had been elevated to central 
virtues in the Society’s ethos.’’. Its literature and 
speeches were permeated with references identifying 
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it and its purposes in military terms. Al-Banna told 
members again and again that they were ‘‘the army 
of liberation, carrying on your shoulders the message 
of liberation; you are the battalions of salvation for 
this nation afflicted by calamity’’. 
(14) Al-Banna’s blueprint for revolution antici-
pated a final stage of ‘‘execution’’ at which point the 
battalions the Muslim Brotherhood had trained 
would ‘‘conquer . . . every obstinate tyrant’’. This 
violent ideology continued to be part of the Brother-
hood’s indoctrination in standard membership texts, 
such as Sayyid Qutb’s ‘‘Milestones’’ and Fathi 
Yakan’s ‘‘To Be a Muslim’’. 
(15) In Muslim Brotherhood organizations and 
chapters throughout the world, including in the 
United States, al-Banna’s originating philosophy 
continues to be taught. 
(16) In its earliest days, the Egyptian Muslim 
Brotherhood established a terrorist wing, referred to 
as the ‘‘secret apparatus’’, which conducted bomb-
ings and assassinations targeting foreigners and gov-
ernment officials. The assassinations by the Muslim 
Brotherhood of Judge Ahmed Al-Khazinder Bey in 
1947 and Prime Minister Mahmoud Al-Nuqrashi in 
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1948 prompted the first ban on the organization in 
Egypt. 
(17) The United States has previously des-
ignated global elements of the Muslim Brotherhood 
as foreign terrorist organizations, including— 
(A) the terrorist group Hamas, which self- 
identifies as ‘‘one of the wings of the Muslim 
Brotherhood in Palestine’’, which was des-
ignated as a foreign terrorist organization by 
President William J. Clinton on January 23, 
1995, by Executive Order 12947, and by Sec-
retary of State Madeline Albright on October 7, 
1997, under section 219(a) of the Immigration 
and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a)); and 
(B) the Kuwaiti Muslim Brotherhood’s 
Lajnat al-Daawa al-Islamiya (‘‘Islamic Call 
Committee’’), which was designated as a foreign 
terrorist organization by President George W. 
Bush on September 23, 2001, by Executive 
Order 13224 and by Secretary of State Colin 
Powell on January 9, 2003, under such section 
219(a). 
(18) Lajnat al-Daawa al-Islamiya was des-
ignated as a foreign terrorist organization for— 
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(A) being a financial conduit for Osama 
bin Laden and Al-Qaeda; 
(B) funding terrorist groups in Chechnya 
and Libya; and 
(C) including Al-Qaeda operations chief 
Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and World Trade 
Center bomber Ramzi Yousef as leaders with 
the organization. 
(19) Militias of the Libyan Muslim Brotherhood 
recently joined forces with United States designated 
terrorist organizations, particularly Ansar al-Sharia, 
as part of the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolu-
tionaries and Libya Dawn forces fighting against the 
military forces of the internationally recognized Lib-
yan government. 
(20) Individual Muslim Brotherhood leaders 
have been designated by the United States as Spe-
cially Designated Terrorists, as authorized under the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) and initiated under Executive 
Order 13224 (September 23, 2001), including 
Shaykh Abd-al-Majid Al-Zindani, a leader of the 
Yemeni Muslim Brotherhood’s Al-Islah political 
party, who was designated by the Secretary of the 
Treasury as a specially designated terrorist on Feb-
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ruary 2, 2004. The designation states that al- 
Zindani has a ‘‘long history of working with Bin 
Laden, serving as one of his spiritual leaders’’, in 
addition to his activities in support of Al-Qaeda, in-
cluding recruiting and procuring weapons. Al- 
Zindani was also identified in a Federal lawsuit as 
a coordinator of the October 2000 suicide attack 
targeting the USS COLE in Aden, Yemen, that 
killed 17 United States Navy sailors, including per-
sonally selecting the 2 suicide bombers. In Sep-
tember 2012, al-Zindani reportedly called for his 
supporters to kill United States Marines stationed at 
the United States Embassy in Sana’a, Yemen. 
(21) Mohammad Jamal Khalifa, a veteran of 
the Soviet-Afghan war, senior Muslim Brotherhood 
leader, and brother-in-law and close confidant of 
Osama bin Laden was arrested in California in De-
cember 1994 on charges related to the 1993 bomb-
ing of the World Trade Center. Evidence was found 
at that time that linked Khalifa to the planned al- 
Qaeda Operation Bojinka plot that included the 
bombing of 11 airplanes between Asia and the 
United States. He was deported to Jordan in May 
1995. Prior to that time he operated an Islamic 
charity in the Philippines that was accused of fun-
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neling money to the Abu Sayyef terrorist group and 
laundering money for Bin Laden. He was sought 
again by United States authorities in 2007, and an 
Interpol bulletin was issued to several United States 
intelligence agencies. Khalifa was killed four days 
later in Madagascar. 
(22) Sami Al-Hajj, an Al-Qaeda member and 
senior leader of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Shura 
Council, was imprisoned as a detainee at the De-
partment of Defense facility at Guantanamo Bay, 
Cuba. He was captured by Pakistani forces near the 
Afghanistan border in 2001 and transferred to 
United States custody. He was detained for his work 
as a money and weapons courier for Al-Qaeda. He 
reportedly worked directly with Taliban commander 
Mullah Mohammad Omar to procure weapons, and 
met with senior Afghan Muslim Brotherhood offi-
cials in mid-2001 to discuss the transfer of Stinger 
missiles from Afghanistan to Chechnya. 
(23) According to a May 1995 report by the 
United States House of Representatives Task Force 
on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare, a series 
of conferences hosted by Sudanese Muslim Brother-
hood leader Hassan al-Turabi in Khartoum, Sudan, 
during October 1994 and March to April 1995 fea-
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tured representatives from virtually every Islamic 
terrorist organization in the world. The conferences 
included representatives from Iranian intelligence, 
Hezbollah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Egyptian Is-
lamic Jihad, and the Armed Islamic Group of Alge-
ria, and leaders from the international Muslim 
Brotherhood, the Muslim Brotherhood in the Gulf 
Countries, Hamas (the Palestinian Muslim Brother-
hood), the Islamic Action Front (Jordanian Muslim 
Brotherhood), and the Ennahda Movement (the Tu-
nisian Muslim Brotherhood). Osama bin Laden was 
present at the conferences. The parties agreed to 
launch a terrorism offensive beginning in 1995, with 
targets including United States interests and per-
sonnel in the Middle East and attacks inside the 
United States homeland. 
(24) In October 2003, Richard Clarke, former 
National Coordinator for Security and Counterter-
rorism for Presidents William J. Clinton and George 
W. Bush, testified before the Committee on Bank-
ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate that 
terrorist organizations continued to operate inside 
the United States and their connection to the Mus-
lim Brotherhood networks, stating ‘‘Dating back to 
the 1980’s, Islamist terrorist networks have devel-
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oped a sophisticated and diversified financial infra-
structure in the United States. In the post Sep-
tember 11th environment, it is now widely known 
that every major Islamist terrorist organization, 
from Hamas to Islamic Jihad to al-Qaeda, has lever-
aged the financial resources and institutions of the 
United States to build their capabilities. We face a 
highly developed enemy in our mission to stop ter-
rorist financing. While the overseas operations of 
Islamist terrorist organizations are generally seg-
regated and distinct, the opposite holds in the 
United States. The issue of terrorist financing in the 
United States is a fundamental example of the 
shared infrastructure levered by Hamas, Islamic 
Jihad and al-Qaeda, all of which enjoy a significant 
degree of cooperation and coordination within our 
borders. The common link here is the extremist 
Muslim Brotherhood—all of these organizations are 
descendants of the membership and ideology of the 
Muslim Brothers.’’. 
(25) One of the examples cited by Richard 
Clarke in his testimony before the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate 
was the case of Soliman Biheiri, who ran an invest-
ment firm specializing in islamically permissible in-
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vestments, the Secaucus, New Jersey-based Baitul 
Mal, Incorporated, which offered a range of financial 
services for the Muslim community, and invested in 
businesses and real estate. According to Federal 
prosecutors, the shareholders of Baitul Mal included 
al-Qaeda financier Yassin al-Qadi and top Hamas 
leader Mousa abu Marzook, both of whom are spe-
cially designated global terrorists and operated sepa-
rate businesses out of the offices of Baitul Mal, In-
corporated and also did business with Baitul Mal, 
Incorporated. Other Baitul Mal, Incorporated inves-
tors included Abdullah bin Laden, nephew of Osama 
bin laden, and Tarek Swaidan, a Kuwaiti Muslim 
Brotherhood leader. In a September 2003 detention 
hearing, Federal prosecutors described Biheiri as 
‘‘the United States banker for the Muslim Brother-
hood,’’ and stating that ‘‘the defendant came here as 
the Muslim Brotherhood’s financial toehold in the 
United States.’’. Biheiri was convicted on Federal 
immigration charges on October 9, 2003. 
(26) The fact that the international Muslim 
Brotherhood engages in terrorism financing inside 
the United States was attested to in February 2011 
by FBI Director Robert Mueller, who testified before 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of 
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the House of Representatives about the Muslim 
Brotherhood’s networks and agenda in the United 
States, stating: ‘‘I can say at the outset that ele-
ments of the Muslim Brotherhood both here and 
overseas have supported terrorism. To the extent 
that I can provide information, I would be happy to 
do so in closed session. But it would be difficult to 
do in open session.’’. 
(27) In the Holy Land Foundation prosecu-
tions—the largest terrorism financing trial in United 
States history—Department of Justice officials suc-
cessfully argued in court that the international Mus-
lim Brotherhood and its United States affiliates had 
engaged in a widespread conspiracy to raise money 
and materially support the terrorist group Hamas. 
HLF officials charged in the case were found guilty 
on all counts in November 2008, primarily related to 
millions of dollars that had been transferred to 
Hamas. During the trial and in court documents, 
Federal prosecutors implicated a number of promi-
nent United States-Islamic organizations in this con-
spiracy, including the Islamic Society of North 
America, the North American Islamic Trust, and the 
Council 
on 
American-Islamic 
Relations. 
These 
groups and their leaders, among others, were named 
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as unindicted co-conspirators in the case. The De-
partment of Justice told the court that these United 
States-Muslim Brotherhood affiliates acted at the di-
rection of the international Muslim Brotherhood to 
support terrorism in a July 2008 court filing: 
‘‘ISNA and NAIT, in fact, shared more with HLF 
than just a parent organization. They were inti-
mately connected with the [Holy Land Foundation] 
and its assigned task of providing financial support 
to HAMAS. Shortly after HAMAS was founded in 
1987, as an outgrowth of the Muslim Brotherhood, 
the International Muslim Brotherhood ordered the 
Muslim Brotherhood chapters throughout the world 
to create Palestine Committees, who supported 
HAMAS with ‘media, money and men’. The U.S.- 
Muslim Brotherhood created the U.S. Palestine 
Committee, which document reflect was initially 
comprised of 3 organizations: the Holy Land Foun-
dation, the Islamic Association for Palestine, and the 
United Association for Studies and Research. CAIR 
was later added to these organizations. The mandate 
of these organizations, per the International Muslim 
Brotherhood, was to support HAMAS, and the 
HLF’s particular role was to raise money to support 
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HAMAS’ organizations inside the Palestinian terri-
tories.’’. 
(28) In September 2010, the Supreme Guide of 
the Muslim Brotherhood, Mohamed Badie, delivered 
a weekly sermon mirroring the ideological themes of 
Al-Qaeda’s August 1996 declaration of war against 
the United States. Calling on Arab and Muslim re-
gimes to confront not just Israel, but also the 
United States, he declared that ‘‘Resistance is the 
only solution against the Zio-American arrogance 
and tyranny.’’. This ‘‘resistance’’ can only come 
from fighting and understanding ‘‘that the improve-
ment and change that the [Muslim] nation seeks can 
only be attained through jihad and sacrifice and by 
raising a jihadi generation that pursues death just 
as the enemies pursue life’’. He also predicted the 
imminent downfall of the United States, saying 
‘‘The United States is now experiencing the begin-
ning of its end, and is heading towards its demise.’’. 
(29) Since August 2013, Muslim Brotherhood 
members in Egypt have been killed in firefights dur-
ing attacks on police and military targets, and dur-
ing the manufacture and placement of explosives for 
acts of terrorism. 
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(30) The August 14, 2013, clearing of Muslim 
Brotherhood protests in Egypt resulted in attacks by 
Muslim Brotherhood supporters targeting the Coptic 
Christian community. Attacks included 70 churches 
and more than 1,000 homes and businesses of Cop-
tic Christian families torched in the ensuing vio-
lence. During the Muslim Brotherhood protests, 
there were repeated reports of direct incitement to-
wards the Copts from leading Muslim Brotherhood 
figures, and since the protest dispersal this targeting 
of the Christian community continues in official 
statements on Muslim Brotherhood social media out-
lets and from its leadership. As the United States 
Commission on International Religious Freedom has 
previously noted, this terror campaign by the Mus-
lim Brotherhood is not a new development. Over the 
past decade violence by the Muslim Brotherhood has 
been directed at the Coptic community. As the 
USCIRF observed in its 2003 Annual Report: ‘‘Cop-
tic Christians face ongoing violence from vigilante 
Muslim extremists, including members of the Mus-
lim Brotherhood, many of whom act with impu-
nity.’’. 
(31) On January 27, 2015, the Muslim Broth-
erhood published on their official Ikhwanonline.com 
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website an announcement that the organization was 
entering a ‘‘new phase’’ and calling its followers to 
prepare for a ‘‘long, uncompromising jihad’’ against 
the Egyptian government. The statement also posi-
tively recalled the Muslim Brotherhood’s terrorist 
past, including the operations of the ‘‘secret appa-
ratus’’ terror wing active in the 1940s and 1950s, 
and the group’s battalions organized by Brotherhood 
founder Hassan al-Banna that fought against Israel 
during its War of Independence in 1948. 
(32) On May 27, 2015, a group of 159 Muslim 
Brotherhood-associated scholars from 35 nations an-
nounced the publication of a document endorsing vi-
olence in Egypt in response to a ‘‘war against Is-
lam’s principles.’’. Specifically, Article 4 of the ‘‘Call 
to Egypt’’ calls for ‘‘retribution punishment’’ against 
government officials, judges, police, soldiers, reli-
gious officials, and media personalities backing the 
government. The document was affirmed by the 
Muslim Brotherhood in an English-language state-
ment published on their official website. 
(33) A July 1, 2015, statement published on 
the Muslim Brotherhood’s official English-language 
website called for ‘‘rebellion’’ against the Egyptian 
government after a group of senior Muslim Brother-
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hood leaders were killed in a shootout after opening 
fire on Egyptian anti-terror police who were raiding 
the secret meeting in 6 of October City. Documents 
reportedly recovered at the scene showed that the 
leadership were planning acts of sabotage and at-
tacks on police stations during the second anniver-
sary of the removal of Mohamed Morsi on July 3rd. 
(34) A senior Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood 
leader, Ashraf Abdel Ghaffar, gave a July 3, 2015, 
interview in which he defended the sabotage of 
power stations and high voltage pylons targeting 
Egyptian citizens by the Muslim Brotherhood as 
punishment for support of the Egyptian government. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that— 
(1) the Muslim Brotherhood meets the criteria 
for designation as a foreign terrorist organization 
under section 219 of the Immigration and Nation-
ality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); and 
(2) the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
the Attorney General and the Secretary of the 
Treasury, should exercise the Secretary of State’s 
statutory authority by designating the Muslim 
Brotherhood as a foreign terrorist organization. 
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(J) the Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence of the House of Representatives; 
(K) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(L) the Committee on Financial Services 
of the House of Representatives. 
(2) INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY.—The term 
‘‘intelligence community’’ has the meaning given 
that term in section 3(4) of the National Security 
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)). 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the intelligence community, shall submit 
a detailed report to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees that— 
(1) indicates whether the Muslim Brotherhood 
meets the criteria for designation as a foreign ter-
rorist organization under section 219 of the Immi-
gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); and 
(2) if the Secretary of State determines that 
Muslim Brotherhood does not meet the criteria re-
ferred to in paragraph (1), includes a detailed jus-
tification as to which criteria have not been met. 
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(c) FORM.—The report required under subsection (b) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex, if appropriate. 
Æ 
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