viding nuclear fuel services—fresh fuel and recovery 
of used fuel—to other countries that agree to em-
ploy nuclear energy only for power generation pur-
poses, without possessing national uranium enrich-
ment and spent-fuel reprocessing facilities. 
(13) The United States also joined France, the 
Russian Federation, Germany, the United Kingdom, 
and the Netherlands on May 31, 2006, in proposing 
a ‘‘Concept for a Multilateral Mechanism for Reli-
able Access to Nuclear Fuel’’ that would create 
agreements between nuclear fuel suppliers to provide 
fuel to countries with good nonproliferation creden-
tials in case of market failure. 
(14) The Russian Federation has proposed that 
one of its uranium enrichment facilities be placed 
under international management and oversight, as 
part of a ‘‘Global Nuclear Power Infrastructure’’ 
proposal to create international nuclear fuel cycle 
centers. 
(15) In conclusion, the creation of a multi- 
tiered system to assure the supply of nuclear reactor 
fuel, under appropriate safeguards and conditions, 
could reassure countries that are dependent upon or 
will construct nuclear power reactors that they will 
have an assured supply of nuclear fuel, so long as 
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such countries forgo national uranium enrichment 
and spent-fuel reprocessing facilities and are com-
mitted to the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons. 
SEC. 102. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) the ‘‘Concept for a Multilateral Mechanism 
for Reliable Access to Nuclear Fuel’’, proposed by 
the United States, France, the Russian Federation, 
Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands 
on May 31, 2006, is welcomed and should be ex-
panded upon at the earliest possible opportunity; 
(2) the proposal by the Government of the Rus-
sian Federation to bring one of its uranium enrich-
ment facilities under international management and 
oversight is also a welcome development and should 
be encouraged by the United States; 
(3) the offer by the Nuclear Threat Institute 
(NTI) of $50,000,000 in funds to support the cre-
ation of an international nuclear fuel bank by the 
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is also 
welcomed, and the United States and other member 
states of the IAEA should pledge collectively at least 
an additional $100,000,000 in matching funds to 
fulfill the NTI proposal; and 
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(4) the governments, organizations, and experts 
currently engaged in developing the initiatives de-
scribed in paragraphs (1) through (3) and other ini-
tiatives should also identify additional incentives to 
be included in an international regime for the as-
sured supply of nuclear fuel for peaceful means, in-
cluding participation in non-weapons-relevant tech-
nology development, fuel financing, and other finan-
cial incentives to further persuade countries that 
participation in such a multilateral arrangement far 
outweighs the temptation and expense of developing 
national uranium enrichment and plutonium reproc-
essing facilities. 
SEC. 103. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States to support the 
establishment of an international regime for the assured 
supply of nuclear fuel for peaceful means under multilat-
eral authority, such as the International Atomic Energy 
Agency. 
SEC. 104. REPORT. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the President shall transmit to the Com-
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
a report on the activities of the United States to support 
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the establishment of an international regime for the as-
sured supply of nuclear fuel for peaceful means under mul-
tilateral authority, such as the International Atomic En-
ergy Agency. The report shall include an assessment of 
the feasibility of establishing an international uranium en-
richment facility within the United States. 
TITLE II—INTERNATIONAL 
NUCLEAR FUEL BANK 
SEC. 201. VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INTER-
NATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. 
(a) VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS AUTHORIZED.— 
The President is authorized to make voluntary contribu-
tions on a grant basis to the International Atomic Energy 
Agency (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 
‘‘IAEA’’) for the purpose of supporting the establishment 
of an international nuclear fuel bank to maintain a reserve 
of low-enriched uranium for reactor fuel to provide to eligi-
ble countries in the case of a disruption in the supply of 
reactor fuel by normal market mechanisms. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—Voluntary contributions under 
subsection (a) may be provided only if the President cer-
tifies to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions of the Senate that— 
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(1) the IAEA has received pledges in a total 
amount of not less than $100,000,000 for the pur-
pose of supporting the establishment of the inter-
national nuclear fuel bank referred to in subsection 
(a); 
(2) the international nuclear fuel bank referred 
to in subsection (a) will be established within the 
territory of a non-nuclear weapon state and will be 
under the oversight of the IAEA; and 
(3) the international nuclear fuel bank referred 
to in subsection (a) will provide nuclear reactor fuel 
to a country only if— 
(A) at the time of the request for nuclear 
reactor fuel, the country is in full compliance 
with its IAEA safeguards agreement and has 
an additional protocol for safeguards in force; 
(B) in the case of a country that at any 
time prior to the request for nuclear reactor 
fuel has been determined to be in noncompli-
ance with its IAEA safeguards agreement, the 
IAEA Board of Governors determines that the 
country has taken all necessary actions to sat-
isfy any concerns of the IAEA Director General 
regarding the activities that led to the prior de-
termination of noncompliance; 
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