sequences that are common to 
exposure to different agents. 
‘‘(III) 
RULE
OF
CONSTRUC-
TION.—A 
particular 
grouping 
of 
agents pursuant to subclause (II) is 
not required under such subclause to 
facilitate assessments of both cat-
egories of countermeasures described 
in such subclause. A grouping may 
concern one category and not the 
other. 
‘‘(iv) DEADLINE FOR COMPLETION OF 
CERTAIN MATERIAL THREAT DETERMINA-
TIONS.—With respect to chemical, biologi-
cal, radiological, and nuclear agents known 
to the Secretary of Homeland Security as 
of the day before the date of the enactment 
of this clause, and which such Secretary 
considers to be capable of significantly af-
fecting national security, such Secretary 
shall complete the determinations under 
clause (i)(II) not later than December 31, 
2007. 
‘‘(v) REPORT
TO
CONGRESS.—Not 
later than 30 days after the date on which 
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the Secretary of Homeland Security com-
pletes a material threat assessment under 
clause (i), the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report containing the results of 
such assessment. 
‘‘(vi) DEFINITION.—For purposes of 
this subparagraph, the term ‘risk assess-
ment’ means a scientific, technically-based 
analysis of agents that incorporates threat, 
vulnerability, and consequence informa-
tion.’’. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 
521(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
321–j(d)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘2006,’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2009,’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) ADDITIONAL AUTHORIZATION OF APPRO-
PRIATIONS
REGARDING
CERTAIN
THREAT
ASSESS-
MENTS.—For the purpose of providing an additional 
amount to the Secretary to assist the Secretary in 
meeting the requirements of clause (iv) of section 
319F–2(c)(2)(A)) of the Public Health Service Act 
(relating to time frames), there are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fis-
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cal year 2008, in addition to the authorization of ap-
propriations established in paragraph (1). The pur-
poses for which such additional amount may be ex-
pended include conducting risk assessments regard-
ing clause (i)(II) of such section when there are no 
existing risk assessments that the Secretary con-
siders credible.’’. 
SEC. 603. STUDY ON NATIONAL BIODEFENSE TRAINING. 
(a) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Homeland 
Security shall, in consultation with the Secretary of De-
fense and the Secretary for Health and Human Services, 
conduct a study to determine the staffing and training re-
quirements for pending capital programs to construct bio-
defense laboratories (including agriculture and animal lab-
oratories) at Biosafety Level 3 and Biosafety Level 4 or 
to expand current biodefense laboratories to such biosafety 
levels. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—In conducting the study, the Sec-
retary of Homeland Security shall address the following: 
(1) The number of trained personnel, by dis-
cipline and qualification level, required for existing 
biodefense laboratories at Biosafety Level 3 and Bio-
safety Level 4, including the number trained in 
Good Laboratory Practices (GLP). 
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(2) The number of research and support staff, 
including researchers, laboratory technicians, animal 
handlers, facility managers, facility or equipment 
maintainers, safety and security personnel (including 
biosafety, physical security, and cybersecurity per-
sonnel), and other safety personnel required to man-
age biodefense research efforts to combat bioter-
rorism at the planned biodefense laboratories de-
scribed in subsection (a). 
(3) The training required to provide the per-
sonnel described by paragraphs (1) and (2), includ-
ing the type of training (whether classroom, labora-
tory, or field training) required, the length of train-
ing required by discipline, and the curriculum re-
quired to be developed for such training. 
(4) Training schedules necessary to meet the 
scheduled openings of the biodefense laboratories de-
scribed in subsection (a), including schedules for re-
fresher training and continuing education that may 
be necessary for that purpose. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than December 31, 2007, the 
Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to Congress 
a report setting forth the results of the study conducted 
under this section. 
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SEC. 604. NATIONAL BIOSURVEILLANCE INTEGRATION 
CENTER. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Homeland Secu-
rity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 316. NATIONAL BIOSURVEILLANCE INTEGRATION 
CENTER. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish a National Biosurveillance Integration Center (re-
ferred to in this section as the ‘NBIC’) to enhance the 
capability of the Federal Government to rapidly identify, 
characterize, and localize a biological event by integrating 
and analyzing data related to human health, animals, 
plants, food, and the environment. The NBIC shall be 
headed by a Director. 
‘‘(b) INTEGRATED BIOSURVEILLANCE NETWORK.— 
As part of the NBIC, the Director shall develop, operate, 
and maintain an integrated network to detect, as early as 
possible, a biological event that presents a risk to the 
United States or the infrastructure or key assets of the 
United States. The network shall— 
‘‘(1) consolidate data from all relevant surveil-
lance systems maintained by the Department and 
other governmental and private sources, both foreign 
and domestic, to the extent practicable; and 
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‘‘(2) use an information technology system that 
uses the best available statistical and other analyt-
ical tools to identify and characterize biological 
events in as close to real-time as possible. 
‘‘(c) RESPONSIBILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall— 
‘‘(A) monitor on an ongoing basis the 
availability and appropriateness of candidate 
data feeds and solicit new surveillance systems 
with data that would enhance biological situa-
tional awareness or overall performance of the 
NBIC; 
‘‘(B) review and seek to improve on an on-
going basis the statistical and other analytical 
methods used by the NBIC; 
‘‘(C) establish a procedure to enable Fed-
eral, State and local government, and private 
sector entities to report suspicious events that 
could warrant further assessments by the 
NBIC; 
‘‘(D) receive and consider all relevant 
homeland security information; and 
‘‘(E) provide technical assistance, as ap-
propriate, to all Federal, State, and local gov-
ernment entities and private sector entities that 
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contribute data relevant to the operation of the 
NBIC. 
‘‘(2) ASSESSMENTS.—The Director shall— 
‘‘(A) continuously evaluate available data 
for evidence of a biological event; and 
‘‘(B) integrate homeland security informa-
tion with NBIC data to provide overall biologi-
cal situational awareness and determine wheth-
er a biological event has occurred. 
‘‘(3) INFORMATION
SHARING.—The Director 
shall— 
‘‘(A) establish a mechanism for real-time 
communication with the National Operations 
Center; 
‘‘(B) provide integrated information to the 
heads of the departments and agencies with 
which the Director has entered into an agree-
ment under subsection (d); 
‘‘(C) notify the Secretary, the head of the 
National Operations Center, and the heads of 
appropriate Federal, State, tribal, and local en-
tities of any significant biological event identi-
fied by the NBIC; 
‘‘(D) provide reports on NBIC assessments 
to Federal, State, and local government entities, 
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including departments and agencies with which 
the Director has entered into an agreement 
under subsection (d), and any private sector en-
tities, as considered appropriate by the Direc-
tor; and 
‘‘(E) use information sharing networks 
available to the Department for distributing 
NBIC incident or situational awareness reports. 
‘‘(d) INTERAGENCY AGREEMENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall seek to 
enter into agreements with the heads of appropriate 
Federal departments and agencies, including the De-
partment of Health and Human Services, Depart-
ment of Defense, the Department of Agriculture, the 
Department of State, the Department of Interior, 
and the Intelligence Community. 
‘‘(2) CONTENT
OF
AGREEMENTS.—Under an 
agreement entered into under paragraph (1), the 
head of a Federal department or agency shall agree 
to— 
‘‘(A) use the best efforts of the department 
or agency to integrate biosurveillance informa-
tion capabilities through NBIC; 
‘‘(B) provide timely, evaluated information 
to assist the NBIC in maintaining biological sit-
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uational awareness for timely and accurate de-
tection and response purposes; 
‘‘(C) provide connectivity for the bio-
surveillance data systems of the department or 
agency to the NBIC network under mutually 
agreed protocols; 
‘‘(D) detail, if practicable, to the NBIC de-
partment or agency personnel with relevant ex-
pertise in human, animal, plant, food, or envi-
ronmental disease analysis and interpretation; 
‘‘(E) retain responsibility for the surveil-
lance and intelligence systems of that depart-
ment or agency, if applicable; and 
‘‘(F) participate in forming the strategy 
and policy for the operation and information 
sharing practices of the NBIC. 
‘‘(e) NOTIFICATION OF DIRECTOR.—The Secretary 
shall ensure that the Director is notified of homeland secu-
rity information relating to any significant biological 
threat and receives all classified and unclassified reports 
related to such a threat in a timely manner. 
‘‘(f) ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES.— 
‘‘(1) PRIVACY.—The Secretary shall— 
‘‘(A) designate the NBIC as a public 
health authority; 
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‘‘(B) ensure that the NBIC complies with 
any applicable requirements of the Health In-
surance Portability and Accountability Act of 
1996; and 
‘‘(C) ensure that all applicable privacy reg-
ulations are strictly adhered to in the operation 
of the NBIC and the sharing of any informa-
tion related to the NBIC. 
‘‘(2) 
COLLECTION
OF
INFORMATION.—The 
NBIC, as a public health authority with a public 
health mission, is authorized to collect or receive 
health information, including such information pro-
tected under the Health Insurance Portability and 
Accountability Act of 1996, for the purpose of pre-
venting or controlling disease, injury, or disability. 
‘‘(g) NBIC INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.—The 
Director shall— 
‘‘(1) establish an interagency working group to 
facilitate interagency cooperation to advise the Di-
rector on recommendations to enhance the bio-
surveillance capabilities of the Department; and 
‘‘(2) invite officials of Federal agencies that 
conduct biosurveillance programs, including officials 
of the departments and agencies with which the Sec-
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retary has entered into an agreement under sub-
section (d), to participate in the working group. 
‘‘(h) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 
December 31 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report that contains each of the following: 
‘‘(1) A list of departments, agencies, and pri-
vate or nonprofit entities participating in the NBIC 
and a description of the data that each entity has 
contributed to the NBIC during the preceding fiscal 
year. 
‘‘(2) The schedule for obtaining access to any 
relevant biosurveillance information not received by 
the NBIC as of the date on which the report is sub-
mitted. 
‘‘(3) A list of Federal, State, and local govern-
ment entities and private sector entities that have 
direct or indirect access to the information that is 
integrated by the NBIC. 
‘‘(4) For any year before the NBIC is fully im-
plemented or any year in which any major structural 
or institutional change is made to the NBIC, an im-
plementation plan for the NBIC that includes cost, 
schedule, key milestones, and the status of such 
milestones. 
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‘‘(i) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER DEPARTMENTS AND 
AGENCIES.—The authority of the Secretary under this 
section shall not affect an authority or responsibility of 
any other Federal department or agency with respect to 
biosurveillance activities under any program administered 
by that department or agency. 
‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year. 
‘‘(k) BIOLOGICAL EVENT.—For purposes of this sec-
tion, the term ‘biological event’ means— 
‘‘(1) an act of terrorism involving biological 
agents or toxins of known or unknown origin; or 
‘‘(2) a naturally occurring outbreak of an infec-
tious disease that may be of potential national sig-
nificance.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents 
in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after 
the items relating to such title the following: 
‘‘Sec. 316. National Biosurveillance Integration Center.’’. 
(c) DEADLINE
FOR IMPLEMENTATION.—The Na-
tional Biosurveillance Integration Center required under 
section 316 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as 
added by subsection (a), shall be fully operational by not 
later than September 30, 2008. 
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SEC. 605. RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS AND INTEGRATED CBRN 
RISK ASSESSMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Homeland Secu-
rity Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 316. RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS AND INTEGRATED 
CBRN RISK ASSESSMENT. 
‘‘(a) RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS.—The Secretary shall 
develop a risk analysis process that utilizes a scientific, 
quantitative methodology to assess and manage risks 
posed by chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear 
(CBRN) agents. 
‘‘(b) INTEGRATED CBRN RISK ASSESSMENT.—The 
Secretary shall use the process developed under subsection 
(a) to conduct a risk assessment that shall support the 
integration of chemical, biological, radiological, and nu-
clear agents. 
‘‘(c) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the risk analysis 
process developed under subsection (a) and the integrated 
risk assessment conducted under subsection (b) shall be 
to identify high risk agents, determine how best to miti-
gate those risks, and guide resource allocation. Such risk 
analysis shall— 
‘‘(1) facilitate satisfaction of the requirements 
of section 602; 
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