I 
117TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 8989 
To lower consumer fuel prices, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 26, 2022 
Mr. PALLONE (for himself, Mr. RUSH, Ms. KUSTER, Mr. O’HALLERAN, Mr. 
TRONE, Ms. SPANBERGER, Mr. HARDER of California, Ms. CRAIG, and 
Mr. CROW) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on 
Oversight and Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the 
Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within 
the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To lower consumer fuel prices, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Buy Low and Sell High Act’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
TITLE I—PETROLEUM RESERVES 
Sec. 101. Economic Petroleum Reserve. 
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‘‘(B) any crude oil purchased under section 
160(i).’’. 
(b) PURCHASES.—Section 160 of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6240) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(i) PURCHASE OF CRUDE OIL FOR ECONOMIC PE-
TROLEUM RESERVE.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—For purposes of section 
154(g), the Secretary may acquire crude oil under 
this section only by purchase from domestic pro-
ducers for a contract price of not more than $60 per 
barrel, in accordance with this subsection. 
‘‘(2) IMMEDIATE
DELIVERY.—The Secretary 
may enter into a contract under paragraph (1) at 
any time for immediate delivery of crude oil. 
‘‘(3) FUTURE DELIVERY.— 
‘‘(A) AUTHORIZED
PERIOD.—During the 
period that begins on the date of enactment of 
this subsection and ends on December 31, 
2024, the Secretary may enter into a contract 
under paragraph (1) for delivery of crude oil to 
occur during the period that begins on January 
1, 2025, and ends on December 31, 2026. 
‘‘(B) PRIORITY.—In carrying out subpara-
graph (A), to the extent there are multiple of-
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fers for contracts on equivalent terms, the Sec-
retary shall give priority to contracts for crude 
oil produced by wells, including drilled but 
uncompleted wells, that are minimizing green-
house gas emissions from activities at such 
wells, as determined by the Secretary in con-
sultation with the Administrator of the Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency. 
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—The Secretary may enter into 
a contract under paragraph (1) using amounts de-
posited in the SPR Petroleum Account under section 
167(c)— 
‘‘(A) that are attributable to covered re-
ceipts described in section 167(e)(3)(A); or 
‘‘(B) that were appropriated for such pur-
pose pursuant to section 166. 
‘‘(5) APPLICABILITY
OF
CERTAIN
CONSIDER-
ATIONS.—The objectives described in subsections 
(b)(4), (c)(2), and (c)(5) shall not apply to the ac-
quisition of crude oil pursuant to a contract under 
paragraph (1).’’. 
(c) DRAWDOWN AND SALE.—Section 161 of the En-
ergy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6241) is 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
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‘‘(k) DRAWDOWN AND SALE FROM ECONOMIC PE-
TROLEUM RESERVE.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding subsection 
(d)(1), the Secretary may draw down and sell crude 
oil from amounts in the Economic Petroleum Re-
serve established under section 154(g) at any time 
the front-month futures price of West Texas Inter-
mediate crude oil has remained greater than $90 per 
barrel for at least one week. 
‘‘(2) APPROPRIATIONS.— 
‘‘(A) STATE
ENERGY
TRANSPORTATION 
PLANS.—Notwithstanding section 167, there is 
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to 
carry out section 367 an amount equal to $9 
for each barrel of crude oil sold under this sub-
section. 
‘‘(B) PLUG-IN ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLE 
PROGRAM.—Notwithstanding section 167, there 
is appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to 
carry out section 131(b) of the Energy Inde-
pendence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
17011) an amount equal to $2 for each barrel 
of crude oil sold under this subsection. 
‘‘(C) LARGE-SCALE TRANSPORTATION SEC-
TOR
ELECTRIFICATION
PROGRAM.—Notwith-
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standing section 167, there is appropriated to 
the Secretary of Energy to carry out section 
131(c) of the Energy Independence and Secu-
rity Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17011) an amount 
equal to $3 for each barrel of crude oil sold 
under this subsection. 
‘‘(D) ASSISTANCE
FOR
WESTERN
HEMI-
SPHERE REFINERIES.—Notwithstanding section 
167, there is appropriated to the Secretary of 
Energy to carry out section 301 of the Buy 
Low and Sell High Act an amount equal to $1 
for each barrel of crude oil sold under this sub-
section.’’. 
SEC. 102. ESTABLISHING STRATEGIC REFINED PETROLEUM 
PRODUCT RESERVES. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Title I of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6234) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘PART E —STRATEGIC REFINED PETROLEUM 
PRODUCT RESERVES 
‘‘SEC. 191. DEFINITIONS. 
‘‘In this part: 
‘‘(1) DISTRICT.—The term ‘district’ means, as 
designated by the Administrator of the Energy In-
formation Administration— 
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‘‘(A) a Petroleum Administration for De-
fense District; or 
‘‘(B) a sub-district of a Petroleum Admin-
istration for Defense District. 
‘‘(2) NETWORK.—The term ‘network’ means 
the network of Strategic Refined Petroleum Product 
Reserves established under this part. 
‘‘(3) RESERVE.—The term ‘Reserve’ means a 
Strategic Refined Petroleum Product Reserve estab-
lished under this part. 
‘‘SEC. 192. ESTABLISHMENT. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other pro-
vision of this Act, the Secretary shall establish, maintain, 
and operate a national network of Strategic Refined Pe-
troleum Product Reserves. 
‘‘(b) LOCATIONS.—In carrying out subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall establish, maintain, and operate at least 
one Reserve in each district. 
‘‘(c) CAPACITY.—Each Reserve shall have the capac-
ity to contain at least 4,000,000 barrels of gasoline and 
2,000,000 barrels of diesel fuel, and the network shall 
have the capacity to contain up to 250,000,000 barrels 
of gasoline and diesel fuel. 
‘‘(d) RELATIONSHIP TO SPR AND NORTHEAST HOME 
HEATING OIL RESERVE.—A Reserve established under 
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this part is not a component of the Strategic Petroleum 
Reserve established under part B of this title or the 
Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve established under 
part D of this title. 
‘‘SEC. 193. AUTHORITY. 
‘‘To the extent necessary or appropriate to carry out 
this part, the Secretary may— 
‘‘(1) purchase, contract for, lease, or otherwise 
acquire, in whole or in part, storage and related fa-
cilities, and storage services; 
‘‘(2) use, lease, maintain, sell, or otherwise dis-
pose of storage and related facilities acquired under 
this part; 
‘‘(3) acquire by purchase, exchange (including 
exchange of petroleum products from the Strategic 
Petroleum Reserve or received as royalty from Fed-
eral lands), lease, or otherwise, gasoline or diesel 
fuel for storage in a Reserve; 
‘‘(4) store gasoline or diesel fuel in facilities not 
owned by the United States; and 
‘‘(5) sell, exchange, or otherwise dispose of gas-
oline or diesel fuel from a Reserve established under 
this part, including to maintain the quality or quan-
tity of the gasoline or diesel fuel in a Reserve or to 
maintain the operational capability of a Reserve. 
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‘‘SEC. 194. CONDITIONS FOR RELEASE. 
‘‘(a) GASOLINE RELEASE.—The Secretary may sell 
gasoline from a Reserve only upon a finding by the Presi-
dent that there is a severe gasoline supply interruption 
within the district in which the Reserve is located. Such 
a finding may be made only if the President determines 
that— 
‘‘(1) a dislocation in the gasoline market has re-
sulted from such interruption; or 
‘‘(2) a circumstance, other than that described 
in paragraph (1), exists that constitutes a regional 
gasoline supply shortage of significant scope and du-
ration and that action taken under this section 
would assist directly and significantly in reducing 
the adverse impact of such shortage. 
‘‘(b) DIESEL RELEASE.—The Secretary may sell die-
sel fuel from a Reserve only upon a finding by the Presi-
dent that there is a severe diesel fuel supply interruption 
within the district in which the Reserve is located. Such 
a finding may be made only if the President determines 
that— 
‘‘(1) a dislocation in the diesel fuel market has 
resulted from such interruption; or 
‘‘(2) a circumstance, other than that described 
in paragraph (1), exists that constitutes a regional 
diesel fuel supply shortage of significant scope and 
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duration and that action taken under this section 
would assist directly and significantly in reducing 
the adverse impact of such shortage. 
‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘covered entity’ means— 
‘‘(A) the People’s Republic of China; 
‘‘(B) the Democratic People’s Republic of 
Korea; 
‘‘(C) the Russian Federation; 
‘‘(D) the Islamic Republic of Iran; 
‘‘(E) any other country the government of 
which is subject to sanctions imposed by the 
United States; and 
‘‘(F) any entity owned, controlled, or influ-
enced by— 
‘‘(i) a country referred to in any of 
subparagraphs (A) through (F); or 
‘‘(ii) the Chinese Communist Party; 
‘‘(2) a ‘dislocation in the gasoline market’ shall 
be deemed to occur only when— 
‘‘(A) the price differential between crude 
oil and finished gasoline, as reflected in an in-
dustry daily publication, increases by more than 
50 percent over its 10-year rolling average, and 
continues for 7 consecutive days; and 
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‘‘(B) the price differential continues to in-
crease during the most recent week for which 
price information is available; and 
‘‘(3) a ‘dislocation in the diesel fuel market’ 
shall be deemed to occur only when— 
‘‘(A) the price differential between crude 
oil and diesel fuel, as reflected in an industry 
daily publication, increases by more than 50 
percent over its 10-year rolling average, and 
continues for 7 consecutive days; and 
‘‘(B) the price differential continues to in-
crease during the most recent week for which 
price information is available. 
‘‘(d) CONTINUING
EVALUATION.—The Secretary 
shall conduct a continuing evaluation of the price data 
supplied by the Energy Information Administration and 
data on gasoline and diesel fuel prices from published 
sources. 
‘‘(e) RELEASE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.—After 
consultation with the gasoline, diesel fuel, and crude oil 
refining industries, the Secretary shall determine proce-
dures governing the release of gasoline and diesel fuel 
from a Reserve. The procedures shall provide that— 
‘‘(1) the Secretary may— 
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‘‘(A) sell gasoline or diesel fuel from a Re-
serve through a competitive process; or 
‘‘(B) enter into exchange agreements for 
gasoline or diesel fuel that results in the Sec-
retary receiving a greater volume of gasoline or 
diesel fuel as repayment than the volume pro-
vided to the acquirer; 
‘‘(2) in all such sales or exchanges, the Sec-
retary shall receive revenue or its equivalent in gaso-
line or diesel fuel that provides the Department with 
fair market value; 
‘‘(3) the Secretary shall only sell or dispose of 
the gasoline or diesel fuel in the Reserve to entities 
customarily engaged in the sale and distribution of 
gasoline or diesel fuel; and 
‘‘(4) the Secretary shall prohibit the sale or ex-
port of gasoline or diesel fuel released under this 
section to a covered entity, except that the Secretary 
may issue a waiver of such prohibition if the Sec-
retary certifies that any export or sale authorized 
pursuant to the waiver is in the national security in-
terests of the United States. 
‘‘(f) PLAN.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall trans-
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mit to the President and, if the President approves, to 
the Congress a plan describing— 
‘‘(1) the acquisition of storage and related fa-
cilities or storage services for the network, including 
the potential use of storage facilities not currently in 
use; 
‘‘(2) the acquisition of gasoline and diesel fuel 
for storage in the network; 
‘‘(3) the anticipated methods of disposition of 
gasoline and diesel fuel from the network; 
‘‘(4) the estimated costs of establishment, main-
tenance, and operation of the network; 
‘‘(5) efforts the Department will take to mini-
mize any potential need for future drawdowns and 
ensure that distributors and importers are not dis-
couraged from maintaining and increasing supplies 
to the United States; and 
‘‘(6) actions to ensure quality of the gasoline 
and diesel fuel in the network. 
‘‘SEC. 195. PROCEEDS FROM SALES. 
‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit in the 
SPR Petroleum Account established in the Treasury 
under section 167 any receipts from the sale, exchange, 
or other disposition of gasoline or diesel fuel from the net-
work. 
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‘‘SEC. 196. RESTRICTIONS. 
‘‘(a) SOURCE.—No gasoline or diesel fuel produced 
at a refinery located outside of the United States may be 
stored in a Reserve. 
‘‘(b) TIMING.—The Secretary may not purchase gas-
oline or diesel fuel under this part until 2026.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
Section 166 of the Energy Policy and Conservation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 6246) is amended by striking ‘‘and 
part D’’ and inserting ‘‘, part D, and part E’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of con-
tents for the Energy Policy and Conservation Act is 
amended in the matter relating to title I by striking 
the items relating to the second part D (relating to 
Expiration) and the second section 181 and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘PART E—STRATEGIC REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCT RESERVES 
‘‘Sec. 191. Definitions. 
‘‘Sec. 192. Establishment. 
‘‘Sec. 193. Authority. 
‘‘Sec. 194. Conditions for release. 
‘‘Sec. 195. Proceeds from sales. 
‘‘Sec. 196. Restrictions.’’. 
SEC. 103. NORTHEAST HOME HEATING OIL RESERVE. 
(a) STRENGTHENING THE NORTHEAST HOME HEAT-
ING OIL RESERVE.—Section 181(a) of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250) is amended by 
striking ‘‘2 million’’ and inserting ‘‘4 million’’. 
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(b) CONDITIONS FOR RELEASE.—Section 183 of the 
Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250b) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
‘‘DEFINITION’’ and inserting ‘‘DEFINITIONS’’; 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively 
(and adjusting the margins accordingly); 
(C) by striking ‘‘For purposes of this sec-
tion a ‘dislocation in the heating oil market’ ’’ 
and inserting the following: ‘‘For purposes of 
this section— 
‘‘(1) the term ‘covered entity’ means— 
‘‘(A) the People’s Republic of China; 
‘‘(B) the Democratic People’s Republic of 
Korea; 
‘‘(C) the Russian Federation; 
‘‘(D) the Islamic Republic of Iran; 
‘‘(E) any other country the government of 
which is subject to sanctions imposed by the 
United States; and 
‘‘(F) any entity owned, controlled, or influ-
enced by— 
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‘‘(i) a country referred to in any of 
subparagraphs (A) through (F); or 
‘‘(ii) the Chinese Communist Party; 
and 
‘‘(2) a ‘dislocation in the heating oil market’ ’’; 
and 
(2) in subsection (d)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) the Secretary shall prohibit the sale or ex-
port of petroleum distillate released under this sec-
tion to a covered entity, except that the Secretary 
may issue a waiver of such prohibition if the Sec-
retary certifies that any export or sale authorized 
pursuant to the waiver is in the national security in-
terests of the United States.’’. 
(c) PROCEEDS FROM SALES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 184 of the Energy 
Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250c) is 
amended to read as follows: 
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‘‘SEC. 184. PROCEEDS FROM SALES. 
‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit in the 
SPR Petroleum Account established in the Treasury 
under section 167 any receipts from the sale, exchange, 
or other disposition of petroleum distillate from the Re-
serve.’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of con-
tents for the Energy Policy and Conservation Act is 
amended by striking the item relating section 184 
and inserting the following: 
‘‘184. Proceeds from sales.’’. 
(d) ELIMINATION OF LIMITATION.—Title III of the 
Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Ap-
propriations Act, 2012 (division B of the Consolidated Ap-
propriations Act, 2012 (Public Law 112–74; 125 Stat. 
869)), is amended, under the Northeast Home Heating 
Oil Reserve account, by striking ‘‘: Provided further, That 
notwithstanding section 181 of the Energy Policy and 
Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250), for fiscal year 2012 
and hereafter, the Reserve shall contain no more than 1 
million barrels of petroleum distillate’’. 
SEC. 104. SPR PETROLEUM ACCOUNT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 167 of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
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(A) by striking ‘‘the acquisition, transpor-
tation, and injection of petroleum products into 
the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, for test sales 
of petroleum products from the Reserve, and 
for the drawdown, sale, and delivery of petro-
leum products from the Reserve’’ and inserting 
‘‘covered activities’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘the re-
ceipts to the United States from the sale of pe-
troleum products in any drawdown and dis-
tribution of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
under section 161, including a drawdown and 
distribution carried out under subsection (g) of 
such section, or from the sale of petroleum 
products under section 160(f)’’ and inserting 
‘‘covered receipts’’; 
(2) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘the sale of 
petroleum products in any drawdown and distribu-
tion of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under sec-
tion 161, including a drawdown and distribution car-
ried out under subsection (g) of such section, and 
from the sale of petroleum products under section 
160(f)’’ and inserting ‘‘covered sales’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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‘‘(1) COVERED ACTIVITY.—The term ‘covered 
activity’ means— 
‘‘(A) the acquisition, transportation, and 
injection of petroleum products into the Stra-
tegic Petroleum Reserve; 
‘‘(B) the sale of petroleum products in any 
drawdown and distribution of the Strategic Pe-
troleum Reserve under section 161, including a 
drawdown and distribution carried out under 
subsection (g) of such section; 
‘‘(C) the sale of petroleum products under 
section 160(f); 
‘‘(D) an activity under part D; and 
‘‘(E) an activity under part E. 
‘‘(2) COVERED SALE.—The term ‘covered sale’ 
means— 
‘‘(A) the sale of petroleum products in any 
drawdown and distribution of the Strategic Pe-
troleum Reserve under section 161, including a 
drawdown and distribution carried out under 
subsection (g) of such section; 
‘‘(B) the sale of petroleum products under 
section 160(f); 
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‘‘(C) the sale, exchange, or other disposi-
tion of petroleum distillate from the Northeast 
Home Heating Oil Reserve; and 
‘‘(D) the sale, exchange, or other disposi-
tion of gasoline or diesel fuel from a Strategic 
Refined Petroleum Product Reserve. 
‘‘(3) COVERED RECEIPTS.—The term ‘covered 
receipts’ means— 
‘‘(A) receipts to the United States from 
the sale of petroleum products in any drawdown 
and distribution of the Strategic Petroleum Re-
serve under section 161 (including a drawdown 
and distribution carried out under subsection 
(g) of such section), less amounts equal to any 
amounts appropriated by subsection (k)(2) of 
such section; 
‘‘(B) receipts to the United States from 
the sale of petroleum products under section 
160(f); 
‘‘(C) receipts to the United States from 
the sale, exchange, or other disposition of petro-
leum distillate from the Northeast Home Heat-
ing Oil Reserve; and 
‘‘(D) receipts to the United States from 
the sale, exchange, or other disposition of gaso-
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line or diesel fuel from a Strategic Refined Pe-
troleum Product Reserve.’’. 
(b) TRANSFER OF FUNDS.—The assets and liabilities 
of the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve Account es-
tablished in the Treasury under section 184 of the Energy 
Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250c), as in ef-
fect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act, 
are hereby transferred to the SPR Petroleum Account es-
tablished in the Treasury under section 167 of the Energy 
Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247), and such 
Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve Account is hereby 
abolished. 
SEC. 105. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN EXPORTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Energy Policy and Conserva-
tion Act is amended by inserting after section 163 (42 
U.S.C. 6243) the following: 
‘‘SEC. 164. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN EXPORTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall prohibit the 
export or sale of petroleum products drawn down from the 
Strategic Petroleum Reserve, under any provision of law, 
to— 
‘‘(1) the People’s Republic of China; 
‘‘(2) the Democratic People’s Republic of 
Korea; 
‘‘(3) the Russian Federation; 
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‘‘(4) the Islamic Republic of Iran; 
‘‘(5) any other country the government of which 
is subject to sanctions imposed by the United States; 
and 
‘‘(6) any entity owned, controlled, or influenced 
by— 
‘‘(A) a country referred to in any of para-
graphs (1) through (5); or 
‘‘(B) the Chinese Communist Party. 
‘‘(b) WAIVER.—The Secretary may issue a waiver of 
the prohibition described in subsection (a) if the Secretary 
certifies that any export or sale authorized pursuant to 
the waiver is in the national security interests of the 
United States. 
‘‘(c) RULE.—Not later than 60 days after the date 
of enactment of the Buy Low and Sell High Act, the Sec-
retary shall issue a rule to carry out this section.’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) DRAWDOWN
AND
SALE
OF
PETROLEUM 
PRODUCTS.—Section 161(a) of the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6241(a)) is 
amended by inserting ‘‘and section 164’’ before the 
period at the end. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of con-
tents for the Energy Policy and Conservation Act is 
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amended by inserting after the item relating to sec-
tion 163 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 164. Prohibition on certain exports.’’. 
SEC. 106. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE REFORMS. 
(a) USE
OF UNDERUTILIZED STRATEGIC PETRO-
LEUM RESERVE FACILITIES.—Section 168 of the Energy 
Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247a) is amend-
ed to read as follows: 
‘‘SEC. 168. USE OF UNDERUTILIZED FACILITIES. 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of this title, the Secretary may establish and carry 
out a program to lease underutilized Strategic Petroleum 
Reserve storage facilities and related facilities to the pri-
vate sector, or a foreign government or its representative. 
Petroleum products stored under this section are not part 
of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. 
‘‘(b) PROTECTION OF FACILITIES.—Any lease en-
tered into under the program established under subsection 
(a) shall contain provisions providing for fees to fully com-
pensate the United States for all related costs of storage 
and removals of petroleum products (including the propor-
tionate cost of replacement facilities necessitated as a re-
sult of any withdrawals) incurred by the United States 
as a result of such lease. 
‘‘(c) ACCESS BY THE UNITED STATES.—The Sec-
retary shall ensure that leasing of facilities under the pro-
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gram established under subsection (a) does not impair the 
ability of the United States to withdraw, distribute, or sell 
petroleum products from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
in response to an energy emergency or to the obligations 
of the United States under the Agreement on an Inter-
national Energy Program. 
‘‘(d) NATIONAL SECURITY.—The Secretary shall en-
sure that leasing of facilities under the program estab-
lished under subsection (a) to a foreign government or its 
representative will not impair national security. 
‘‘(e) DEPOSITS OF AMOUNTS RECEIVED.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), amounts received through the leasing of 
facilities under the program established under sub-
section (a) shall be deposited in the SPR Petroleum 
Account established in the Treasury under section 
167 during the fiscal year in which such amounts 
are received. 
‘‘(2) COSTS.—The Secretary may use for costs 
described in subsection (b) (other than costs de-
scribed in subsection (f)), without further appropria-
tion, amounts received through the leasing of facili-
ties under the program established under subsection 
(a). 
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‘‘(f) PREPARATION OF FACILITIES.—The Secretary 
shall only use amounts available in the Energy Security 
and Infrastructure Modernization Fund established by 
section 404 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 for costs 
described in subsection (b) of this section that relate to 
addition of facilities or changes to facilities or facility op-
erations necessary to lease such facilities, including costs 
related to acquisition of land, acquisition of ancillary fa-
cilities and equipment, and site development, and other 
necessary costs related to capital improvement.’’. 
(b) PILOT PROGRAM TO LEASE STRATEGIC PETRO-
LEUM RESERVES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Part B of title I of the En-
ergy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6231 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘SEC. 170. PILOT PROGRAM TO LEASE STORAGE AND RE-
LATED FACILITIES. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—In carrying out section 168 
and not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Secretary shall establish and carry out 
a pilot program to make available for lease— 
‘‘(1) capacity for storage of up to 200,000,000 
barrels of petroleum products at Strategic Petroleum 
Reserve storage facilities; and 
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‘‘(2) related facilities. 
‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—In carrying out the pilot program 
established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) identify appropriate Strategic Petroleum 
Reserve storage facilities and related facilities to 
lease, in order to make maximum use of such facili-
ties; 
‘‘(2) identify and implement any changes to fa-
cilities or facility operations necessary to so lease 
such facilities, including any such changes necessary 
to ensure the long-term structural viability and use 
of the facilities for purposes of this part and part C; 
‘‘(3) make such facilities available for lease; and 
‘‘(4) identify environmental effects, including 
benefits, of leasing storage facilities and related fa-
cilities. 
‘‘(c) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit 
to Congress a report on the status of the pilot program 
established under subsection (a).’’. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of 
contents for the Energy Policy and Conservation Act 
is amended by adding after the item relating to sec-
tion 169 the following: 
‘‘Sec. 170. Pilot program to lease storage and related facilities.’’. 
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SEC. 107. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE DRAWDOWN 
AND SALE. 
(a) BIPARTISAN BUDGET ACT
OF 2015.—Section 
403 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 (Public Law 
114–74; 129 Stat. 589) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘during’’ 
and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; 
(B) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘during’’ 
and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘during’’ 
and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(d) DEFERRALS.—Any sale required by paragraph 
(6), (7), or (8) of subsection (a) may be deferred, in whole 
or in part, to not later than the end of fiscal year 2032, 
as determined appropriate by the Secretary. 
‘‘(e) TIMING.—In determining the timing of each 
draw down and sale from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
under this section, to the maximum extent practicable, the 
Secretary shall maximize the financial return to the 
United States taxpayers.’’. 
(b) FIXING AMERICA’S SURFACE TRANSPORTATION 
ACT.—Section 32204 of the FAST Act (Public Law 114– 
94; 129 Stat. 1740) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
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(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘during’’ and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘during’’ and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; 
and 
(iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
‘‘during’’ and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; 
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘para-
graph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘this section’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) DEFERRALS.—Any sale required by sub-
paragraph (B), (C), or (D) of paragraph (1) may be 
deferred, in whole or in part, to not later than the 
end of fiscal year 2032, as determined appropriate 
by the Secretary. 
‘‘(4) TIMING.—In determining the timing of 
each draw down and sale from the Strategic Petro-
leum Reserve under this section, to the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall maximize the 
financial return to the United States taxpayers.’’; 
and 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘(c) IN-
CREASE; LIMITATION’’ and all that follows through 
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‘‘The Secretary of Energy shall not’’ and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(c) LIMITATION.—The Secretary of Energy shall 
not’’. 
(c) RECONCILIATION ON THE BUDGET FOR FISCAL 
YEAR 2018.—Section 20003(a) of Public Law 115–97 
(131 Stat. 2237) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘during the 
period of fiscal years 2026 through 2027’’ and in-
serting ‘‘by the end of fiscal year 2027’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) TIMING.—In determining the timing of 
each draw down and sale from the Strategic Petro-
leum Reserve under this section, to the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall maximize the 
financial return to the United States taxpayers.’’. 
(d) BIPARTISAN BUDGET ACT OF 2018.—Section 
30204(a) of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (Public 
Law 115–123; 132 Stat. 126) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘dur-
ing’’ and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘dur-
ing’’ and inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; 
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(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘paragraph 
(1)’’ and inserting ‘‘this section’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) DEFERRALS.—Any sale required by sub-
paragraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1) may be de-
ferred, in whole or in part, to not later than the end 
of fiscal year 2032, as determined appropriate by 
the Secretary. 
‘‘(4) TIMING.—In determining the timing of 
each draw down and sale from the Strategic Petro-
leum Reserve under this section, to the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall maximize the 
financial return to the United States taxpayers.’’. 
(e) AMERICA’S WATER INFRASTRUCTURE ACT OF 
2018.—Section 3009(a) of America’s Water Infrastruc-
ture Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–270; 132 Stat. 3870) 
is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘during’’ and 
inserting ‘‘by the end of’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) TIMING.—In determining the timing of 
each draw down and sale from the Strategic Petro-
leum Reserve under this section, to the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall maximize the 
financial return to the United States taxpayers.’’. 
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(f) INFRASTRUCTURE
INVESTMENT
AND
JOBS 
ACT.—Section 90002(a) of the Infrastructure Investment 
and Jobs Act (Public Law 117–58; 135 Stat. 1342) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘during the 
period of fiscal years 2028 through 2031’’ and in-
serting ‘‘by the end of fiscal year 2032’’; and 
(2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(2) TIMING.—In determining the timing of 
each draw down and sale from the Strategic Petro-
leum Reserve under this section, to the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall maximize the 
financial return to the United States taxpayers.’’. 
SEC. 108. DOE STUDY AND PLAN FOR DELIVERY OF FUEL 
DURING PIPELINE DISRUPTIONS. 
Not later than 24 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall— 
(1) conduct a study on how the Department of 
Energy could deliver products sold from the Stra-
tegic Petroleum Reserve, a Strategic Refined Petro-
leum Product Reserve, or the Northeast Home 
Heating Oil Reserve in the event of an attack or dis-
ruption that renders pipelines to deliver such prod-
ucts unusable; and 
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(2) submit to Congress a plan, based on the re-
sults of such study, to carry out such delivery. 
TITLE II—FUEL DEMAND 
SEC. 201. STATE ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PLANS. 
(a) STATE ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PLANS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Part D of title III of the 
Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
6321 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘SEC. 367. STATE ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PLANS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may provide fi-
nancial assistance to a State to develop a State energy 
transportation plan, for inclusion in a State energy con-
servation plan under section 362(d), to promote the elec-
trification of the transportation system, reduced consump-
tion of fossil fuels, and improved air quality. 
‘‘(b) DEVELOPMENT.—A State developing a State en-
ergy transportation plan under this section shall carry out 
this activity through the State energy office that is respon-
sible for developing the State energy conservation plan 
under section 362. 
‘‘(c) CONTENTS.—A State developing a State energy 
transportation plan under this section shall include in such 
plan a plan to— 
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‘‘(3) The Secretary, in consultation with the Adminis-
trator of General Services, shall ensure that in acquiring 
medium- and heavy-duty vehicles for a Federal fleet, a 
Federal entity shall acquire zero-emission vehicles to the 
maximum extent feasible.’’; 
(2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(b) PERCENTAGE REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) LIGHT-DUTY
VEHICLES.—Beginning 
in fiscal year 2026, 100 percent of the total 
number of light-duty vehicles acquired by a 
Federal entity for a Federal fleet shall be alter-
native fueled vehicles, of which— 
‘‘(i) at least 50 percent shall be zero- 
emission vehicles or plug-in hybrids in fis-
cal years 2026 through 2034; 
‘‘(ii) at least 75 percent shall be zero- 
emission vehicles or plug-in hybrids in fis-
cal years 2035 through 2049; and 
‘‘(iii) 100 percent shall be zero-emis-
sion vehicles in fiscal year 2050 and there-
after. 
‘‘(B) MEDIUM- AND
HEAVY-DUTY
VEHI-
CLES.—The following percentages of the total 
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