IIB 
115TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 423 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
JANUARY 24, 2017 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation 
AN ACT 
To amend the Communications Act of 1934 to expand and 
clarify the prohibition on provision of misleading or inac-
curate caller identification information, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Anti-Spoofing Act of 
2017’’. 
SEC. 2. SPOOFING PREVENTION. 
(a) EXPANDING AND CLARIFYING PROHIBITION ON 
MISLEADING OR INACCURATE CALLER IDENTIFICATION 
INFORMATION.— 
(1) COMMUNICATIONS
FROM
OUTSIDE
THE 
UNITED STATES.—Section 227(e)(1) of the Commu-
nications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 227(e)(1)) is 
amended by striking ‘‘in connection with any tele-
communications service or IP-enabled voice service’’ 
and inserting ‘‘or any person outside the United 
States if the recipient is within the United States, 
in connection with any voice service or text mes-
saging service’’. 
(2) COVERAGE OF TEXT MESSAGES AND VOICE 
SERVICES.—Section 227(e)(8) of the Communica-
tions Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 227(e)(8)) is amend-
ed— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘tele-
communications service or IP-enabled voice 
service’’ and inserting ‘‘voice service or a text 
message sent using a text messaging service’’; 
(B) in the first sentence of subparagraph 
(B), by striking ‘‘telecommunications service or 
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IP-enabled voice service’’ and inserting ‘‘voice 
service or a text message sent using a text mes-
saging service’’; and 
(C) by striking subparagraph (C) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(C) TEXT
MESSAGE.—The term ‘text 
message’— 
‘‘(i) means a message consisting of 
text, images, sounds, or other information 
that is transmitted to or from a device that 
is identified as the receiving or transmit-
ting device by means of a 10-digit tele-
phone number or N11 service code; 
‘‘(ii) includes a short message service 
(commonly referred to as ‘SMS’) message 
and a multimedia message service (com-
monly referred to as ‘MMS’) message; and 
‘‘(iii) does not include— 
‘‘(I) a real-time, two-way voice or 
video communication; or 
‘‘(II) a message sent over an IP- 
enabled messaging service to another 
user of the same messaging service, 
except a message described in clause 
(ii). 
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‘‘(D) TEXT
MESSAGING
SERVICE.—The 
term ‘text messaging service’ means a service 
that enables the transmission or receipt of a 
text message, including a service provided as 
part of or in connection with a voice service. 
‘‘(E) VOICE
SERVICE.—The term ‘voice 
service’— 
‘‘(i) means any service that is inter-
connected with the public switched tele-
phone network and that furnishes voice 
communications to an end user using re-
sources from the North American Num-
bering Plan or any successor to the North 
American Numbering Plan adopted by the 
Commission under section 251(e)(1); and 
‘‘(ii) includes transmissions from a 
telephone facsimile machine, computer, or 
other device to a telephone facsimile ma-
chine.’’. 
(3) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.—Section 227(e) 
of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 
227(e)) is amended in the heading by inserting 
‘‘MISLEADING OR’’ before ‘‘INACCURATE’’. 
(4) REGULATIONS.— 
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