United States quantum computing hardware and quantum 
computing clouds for research purposes to— 
‘‘(1) enhance the United States quantum re-
search enterprise; 
‘‘(2) educate the future quantum computing 
workforce; and 
‘‘(3) accelerate the advancement of United 
States quantum computing capabilities. 
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall— 
‘‘(1) coordinate with— 
‘‘(A) the Director of the National Science 
Foundation; 
‘‘(B) the Director of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology; 
‘‘(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on 
Quantum Information Science of the National 
Science and Technology Council established 
under section 103(a); and 
‘‘(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the 
Economic and Security Implications of Quan-
tum Science; 
‘‘(2) provide researchers based within the 
United States with access to, and use of, United
States quantum computing resources through a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed process; 
‘‘(3) consider applications from the National 
Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, insti-
tutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, 
and any other entities that the Secretary determines 
are appropriate to provide national leadership on 
quantum computing related issues; and 
‘‘(4) consult and coordinate with private sector 
stakeholders, the user community, and interagency 
partners on program development and best manage-
ment practices. 
‘‘(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall leverage resources and expertise across the 
Department of Energy and from— 
‘‘(1) the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology; 
‘‘(2) the National Science Foundation; 
‘‘(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration; 
‘‘(4) other relevant Federal agencies; 
‘‘(5) the National Laboratories; 
‘‘(6) industry stakeholders; 
‘‘(7) institutions of higher education; and
‘‘(8) 
the 
National 
Quantum 
Information 
Science Research Centers. 
‘‘(d) SECURITY.—In carrying out the activities au-
thorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation 
with the Director of the National Science Foundation and 
the Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are in 
place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate. 
‘‘(e) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be ap-
propriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of 
Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities under this section— 
‘‘(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(2) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
‘‘(3) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(4) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 
‘‘(5) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 
‘‘(f) EQUITABLE USE OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM-
PUTING CAPABILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of 
Congress that machine learning algorithms can ex-
hibit biases that cause harm to historically 
marginalized communities. 
‘‘(2) POLICY.—In leveraging high-performance 
computing systems for research purposes, including
through the use of machine learning algorithms for 
data analysis, the Secretary shall ensure that such 
capabilities are employed in a manner that mitigates 
and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids 
harmful algorithmic bias and equitably addresses 
challenges impacting different populations, including 
historically marginalized communities.’’. 
(B) The table of contents in section 1(b) of the 
National Quantum Initiative Act is amended by in-
serting after the item relating to section 402 the fol-
lowing items: 
‘‘Sec. 403. Department of energy quantum network infrastructure research and 
development program. 
‘‘Sec. 404. Department of energy quantum user expansion for science and tech-
nology program.’’. 
SEC. 6. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH. 
(a) FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.—Section 307 of the 
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 
U.S.C. 18645) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘As part of’’ and inserting the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of’’; 
(B) by redesignating— 
(i) paragraphs (1) and (2) as sub-
paragraphs (A) and (B), respectively (and
by adjusting the margins of such subpara-
graphs accordingly); and 
(ii) in subparagraph (B) (as redesig-
nated by clause (i)), subparagraphs (A) 
and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively 
(and by adjusting the margins of such 
clauses accordingly); and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under 
subsection (r), there are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out activities de-
scribed in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’; 
(2) in subsection (d)(3)— 
(A) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ‘‘and $40,000,000 for fiscal year 
2026.’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(r)’’; 
and 
(3) in subsection (e)(4)— 
(A) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ‘‘and $75,000,000 for fiscal year 
2026.’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(r)’’;
(4) in subsection (i)(10)— 
(A) In the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(r)’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘; 
and’’ and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’; 
(5) in subsection (j)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘The Director’’ and all 
that follows through the period and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— 
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—Within 180 days 
of enactment of the Department of Energy 
Science for the Future Act, the Director shall 
establish at least 2 national teams, including 
public-private partnerships, that will develop 
conceptual pilot plant designs and technology 
roadmaps and lead to an engineering design of 
a pilot plant that will bring fusion to commer-
cial viability. 
‘‘(B) COMPOSITION.—The national teams 
shall be composed of developers, manufacturers,
universities, national laboratories, and engineer-
ing, procurement, and construction industries.’’; 
and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.— 
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
activities described in paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
‘‘(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 
‘‘(C) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
‘‘(D) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
and 
‘‘(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’; 
(6) in subsection (l)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘sense of Congress that the 
United States should support’’ and inserting 
‘‘sense of Congress that—’’; 
‘‘(1) the United States should support’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated by 
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph), by strik-
ing the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; 
and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) the Director shall incorporate the findings 
and recommendations of the report of the Fusion
Energy 
Sciences 
Advisory 
Committee 
entitled 
‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’ and the 
report of the National Academies of Science, Engi-
neering, and Medicine entitled ‘‘Bringing Fusion to 
the U.S. Grid’’ into the planning process of the De-
partment, including the development of future budg-
et requests to Congress.’’; 
(7) by redesignating subsection (o) as sub-
section (r); 
(8) by inserting after subsection (n) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(o) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION COLLABO-
RATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out a program to conduct and support collaborative 
research, development, and demonstration of fusion 
energy technologies, through high-performance com-
putation modeling and simulation techniques, in 
order to— 
‘‘(A) support fundamental research in plas-
mas and matter at very high temperatures and 
densities; 
‘‘(B) inform the development of a broad 
range of fusion energy systems; and
‘‘(C) facilitate the translation of research 
results in fusion energy science to industry. 
‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the pro-
gram under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall co-
ordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and 
prioritize the following objectives: 
‘‘(A) Using expertise from the private sec-
tor, institutions of higher education, and the 
National Laboratories to leverage existing, and 
develop new, computational software and capa-
bilities that prospective users may use to accel-
erate research and development of fusion energy 
systems. 
‘‘(B) Developing computational tools to 
simulate and predict fusion energy science phe-
nomena that may be validated through physical 
experimentation. 
‘‘(C) Increasing the utility of the research 
infrastructure of the Department by coordi-
nating with the Advanced Scientific Computing 
Research program within the Office of Science. 
‘‘(D) Leveraging experience from existing 
modeling and simulation entities sponsored by 
the Department.
‘‘(E) Ensuring that new experimental and 
computational tools are accessible to relevant 
research communities, including private sector 
entities engaged in fusion energy technology de-
velopment. 
‘‘(F) Ensuring that newly developed com-
putational tools are compatible with modern vir-
tual engineering and visualization capabilities to 
accelerate the realization of fusion energy tech-
nologies and systems. 
‘‘(3) DUPLICATION.—The Secretary shall en-
sure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary du-
plication of, the activities of this program with the 
activities of— 
‘‘(A) other research entities of the Depart-
ment, including the National Laboratories, the 
Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy, 
the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 
program; and 
‘‘(B) industry. 
‘‘(4) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR FU-
SION
INNOVATION
CENTER.—In carrying out the 
program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, 
in coordination with the Innovation Network for Fu-
sion Energy, establish and operate a national High-
Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Cen-
ter (referred to in this subsection as the ‘Center’), 
to support the program under paragraph (1) by pro-
viding, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity 
for multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy re-
search and development through high performance 
computing and advanced data analytics technologies 
and processes. 
‘‘(5) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall select 
the Center under this subsection on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis. The Secretary shall consider 
applications from National Laboratories, institutions 
of higher education, multi-institutional collabora-
tions, and other appropriate entities. 
‘‘(6) EXISTING ACTIVITIES.—The Center may 
incorporate existing research activities that are con-
sistent with the program described in paragraph (1). 
‘‘(7) DURATION.—The Center established under 
this subsection shall receive support for a period of 
not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
appropriations. 
‘‘(8) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any 
period of support of the Center, the Secretary may 
renew support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed 
basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.