I 
113TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1692 
To require the development of a comprehensive strategy to end serious human 
rights violations in Sudan, to create incentives for governments and 
persons to end support of and assistance to the Government of Sudan, 
to reinvigorate genuinely comprehensive peace efforts in Sudan, and 
for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 24, 2013 
Mr. MCGOVERN (for himself, Mr. WOLF, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. MCCAUL, Ms. 
LEE of California, Mr. SCHOCK, Ms. BASS, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. VAN 
HOLLEN, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. GRIJALVA, Ms. EDWARDS, Mr. CLAY, Ms. 
MOORE, Mrs. CAROLYN B. MALONEY of New York, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. 
DEFAZIO, Mr. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. CICILLINE, Mr. JOHNSON of 
Georgia, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. MICHAUD, Mr. RUSH, Mr. MORAN, Mr. 
MARKEY, Mr. MCINTYRE, Mr. POLIS, and Mr. WELCH) introduced the 
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, Oversight and 
Government Reform, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently 
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provi-
sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To require the development of a comprehensive strategy to 
end serious human rights violations in Sudan, to create 
incentives for governments and persons to end support 
of and assistance to the Government of Sudan, to rein-
vigorate genuinely comprehensive peace efforts in Sudan, 
and for other purposes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—The Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Sudan Peace, Security, and Accountability Act of 2013’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Definitions. 
Sec. 3. Findings. 
Sec. 4. Statement of policy. 
Sec. 5. Requirement of a comprehensive strategy to end serious human rights 
violations, promote democratic transformation, and create 
peace throughout Sudan. 
Sec. 6. Sanctionable acts. 
Sec. 7. Description of sanctions. 
Sec. 8. Ineligibility for visas and admission to the United States. 
Sec. 9. Prohibition on all transactions in property, goods, and technology. 
Sec. 10. Expanding sanctions and other authorities in support of peace in 
Sudan. 
Sec. 11. Report. 
Sec. 12. Termination of sanctions. 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
(1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 
and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 
section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) APPROPRIATE
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMIT-
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, the Committee on the Judiciary, and 
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the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate; and 
(B) the Committee on Financial Services, 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary, and the Permanent Se-
lect Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives. 
(3) FINANCIAL
INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘fi-
nancial institution’’ has the meaning given that term 
under section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States 
Code. 
(4) GOVERNMENT OF SUDAN.—The term ‘‘Gov-
ernment of Sudan’’ means— 
(A) the government in Khartoum, Sudan, 
which is led by the National Congress Party; or 
(B) any successor government formed on 
or after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(5) MILITARY
EQUIPMENT.—The term ‘‘mili-
tary equipment’’ means— 
(A) weapons, arms, supplies, or parts that 
readily may be used for military purposes, in-
cluding radar systems, aerial weapons, or mili-
tary-grade transport vehicles; or 
(B) supplies or services sold or provided di-
rectly or indirectly to any person or government 
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participating, supporting, or assisting in armed 
conflict in Sudan. 
(6) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 2(9) of the 
Sudan Accountability and Divestment Act of 2007 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 110–174), includ-
ing any board of directors or executives of such a 
person. 
(7) SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘support’’ or ‘‘sup-
ported’’ means— 
(A) any type of material, financial, or 
logistical assistance; or 
(B) in the case of the Government of 
Sudan, failure to prevent or punish serious 
human rights violations by a person in Sudan 
that is committing or assisting in the commis-
sion of serious human rights violations. 
(8) SERIOUS VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS.— 
The term ‘‘serious violations of human rights’’ in-
cludes the following: 
(A) Genocide, as described in section 1091 
of title 18, United States Code. 
(B) Torture, as such term is defined in 
section 2340 of title 18, United States Code. 
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(C) War crimes, as such term is defined in 
subsections (c) and (d) of section 2441 of title 
18, United States Code. 
(D) Consistent patterns of gross violations 
of internationally recognized human rights as 
described in section 502b(a) of the Foreign As-
sistance Act of 1961. 
(E) Persecution, as interpreted by judicial 
and administrative case law in the application 
of section 101(a)(42) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(42)). 
(F) Acts or omissions described in the 
President’s ‘‘Proclamation 8697—Suspension of 
Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of 
Persons Who Participate in Serious Human 
Rights and Humanitarian Law Violations and 
Other Abuses’’ (Aug. 4, 2011). 
SEC. 3. FINDINGS. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-
ings: 
(1) On October 21, 2002, the ‘‘Sudan Peace 
Act’’ was enacted into law as Public Law 107–245. 
(2) 2013 marks ten years from the start of 
crimes in Darfur that were later found to constitute 
genocide, and 2014 marks ten years from when the 
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House of Representatives, the Senate, and the 
United States concluded that crimes in Darfur com-
mitted by the Government of Sudan constituted 
genocide. 
(3) On July 22, 2004— 
(A) the House of Representatives adopted 
House Concurrent Resolution 467 by a vote of 
422–0, concluding that crimes in Darfur con-
stituted genocide; and 
(B) the Senate adopted Senate Concurrent 
Resolution 1330 by unanimous consent and de-
clared, ‘‘[T]he atrocities unfolding in Darfur, 
Sudan, are genocide.’’. 
(4) On September 9, 2004, then-Secretary of 
State Colin Powell testified before the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate that ‘‘genocide has 
occurred and may still be occurring in Darfur’’ and 
‘‘the Government of Sudan and the Janjaweed bear 
responsibility’’. 
(5) On December 23, 2004, the ‘‘Comprehen-
sive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004’’ was enacted into 
law as Public Law 108–497. 
(6) On October 13, 2006, the ‘‘Darfur Peace 
and Accountability Act of 2006’’ was enacted into 
law as Public Law 109–344. 
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(7) On April 27, 2007, the International Crimi-
nal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for— 
(A) former Sudanese Minister of the Inte-
rior Ahmad Muhammad Harun, who currently 
serves as Governor of the Sudanese state of 
South Kordofan, on 20 counts of crimes against 
humanity and 22 counts of war crimes in 
Darfur; and 
(B) Janjaweed Commander Ali Muham-
mad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman (‘‘Ali Kushayb’’) on 
22 counts of crimes against humanity and 28 
counts of war crimes. 
(8) On December 31, 2007, the ‘‘Sudan Ac-
countability and Divestment Act of 2007’’ was en-
acted into law as Public Law 110–174. 
(9) In May 2008, the Government of Sudan in-
vaded Abyei and has since forcibly removed the 
Ngok Dinka population, which subsequently led to 
the conclusion of the Abyei Roadmap agreement that 
called for an arbitration to resolve the dispute over 
the area’s boundaries. 
(10) On March 4, 2009, the ICC issued an ar-
rest warrant for Omar al-Bashir, the sitting Presi-
dent of Sudan, on two counts of war crimes and five 
counts of crimes against humanity related to Darfur. 
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(11) On July 10, 2010, the ICC issued a sec-
ond arrest warrant for Omar al-Bashir, the sitting 
President of Sudan, on three counts of genocide re-
lated to Darfur. 
(12) On May 21, 2011, the Government of 
Sudan invaded the disputed Abyei region which re-
sulted in the displacement of more than 113,000 ci-
vilians, almost all of whom were Ngok Dinka, and 
has not withdrawn its forces despite entering into an 
agreement to do so. 
(13) A United Nations report, dated May 29, 
2011, stated that the invasion of the Abyei region by 
the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) could lead to 
‘‘ethnic cleansing’’. 
(14) On June 5, 2011, fighting erupted in 
South Kordofan, which included the aerial bombard-
ment of civilian areas by the Sudanese Air Force, re-
sulting in the displacement of more than 200,000 ci-
vilians. On September 1, 2011, similar fighting 
broke out in Blue Nile. 
(15) In July 2011, the Government of Sudan 
signed the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur with 
one rebel group, but the agreement did not include 
other significant groups. 
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(16) Aerial bombardments in civilian areas of 
South Kordofan and Blue Nile have severely im-
peded the ability of the population to engage in nor-
mal agricultural activities, leading to the potential 
for a massive famine affecting hundreds of thou-
sands of people, and has caused widespread displace-
ment of civilians. Moreover, the Government of 
Sudan has continually blocked humanitarian relief to 
vulnerable populations devastated by its aerial bom-
bardments. 
(17) On August 15, 2011, the United Nations 
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 
released a preliminary report stating that alleged 
violations of international law by Sudanese forces in 
the South Kordofan region ‘‘may constitute war 
crimes and crimes against humanity’’. Reported vio-
lations included extrajudicial killings, arbitrary ar-
rests and illegal detention, forced disappearances, 
aerial bombardments and attacks against civilians, 
looting and destruction of civilian homes and vil-
lages, massive displacement, attacks on churches, in-
terference with medical and humanitarian assist-
ance, and allegations of targeted attacks against eth-
nic and racial groups and the existence of mass 
graves. Subsequent reports by the United Nations 
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and other independent monitors document the con-
tinuation of theses violations throughout 2012 and 
the beginning of 2013. 
(18) On March 1, 2012, the ICC issued an ar-
rest warrant against the current Sudanese Defense 
Minister Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein for 
crimes against humanity and war crimes committed 
in Darfur from August 2003 to March 2004. 
(19) Recent offensive operations in South 
Kordofan and Blue Nile by Sudanese Armed Forces 
have led to significant and increasing flows of refu-
gees to Ethiopia and South Sudan, and on Novem-
ber 10, 2011, reports by the United Nations indi-
cated that aerial bombardment by the Sudanese 
Armed Forces was used against a refugee camp in 
South Sudan. On January 24, 2012, UNHCR again 
condemned an air raid carried out at a refugee tran-
sit site located within South Sudan. 
(20) Reports of cross border ground attacks by 
Sudan into South Sudan, aerial bombardment inside 
South Sudan and the increasing presence of Suda-
nese military forces close to the border between 
Sudan and South Sudan are provocative acts that 
raise tensions between the two countries, increasing 
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the risk of a military conflict and the aggravation of 
the humanitarian crisis. 
(21) In January 2013, the United Nations Of-
fice for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 
(OCHA) stated that some 900,000 Sudanese people 
are in need of humanitarian aid in South Kordofan 
and Blue Nile provinces and in neighboring coun-
tries where they have sought refuge, describing their 
situation as bleak and urgent. OCHA further re-
ported that there is a deficit of political will by both 
sides of the conflict to do what is necessary to pro-
vide access to international humanitarian agencies to 
help the people where they so urgently and des-
perately need aid. 
(22) In February 2013, the United Nations 
documented that over 1.5 million people have been 
displaced or severely affected as a result of violence 
in Darfur, Abyei, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile 
provinces, including some 90,000–100,000 Darfuris 
newly displaced in 2012. In addition, over 40,000 
people of South Sudanese origin remain stranded in 
Khartoum State and are living in dire conditions 
awaiting repatriation to South Sudan. 
(23) There is sufficient evidence to conclude 
that the Government of Sudan and persons con-
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trolled or supported by the Government of Sudan 
are using military equipment to commit or assist in 
committing serious human rights violations. 
(24) In May 2012, the United Nations Security 
Council passed Resolution 2046, calling on the Gov-
ernments of Sudan and South Sudan to address sev-
eral remaining unresolved issues, including humani-
tarian access to South Kordofan and Blue Nile, or 
face consequences under Chapter VII of the United 
Nations Charter, including possible sanctions. 
(25) In July 2012, the Government of Sudan 
signed a Tripartite Agreement with the African 
Union, the League of Arab States, and the United 
Nations to allow international humanitarian access 
to South Kordofan and Blue Nile, but as of the be-
ginning of March 2013, such access continues to be 
blocked by the Government of Sudan. 
(26) In September 2012, the Governments of 
Sudan and South Sudan signed a series of security 
and economic framework agreements. In March 
2013, the two sides agreed to an implementation 
matrix and modalities for the demilitarized buffer 
zone along their shared borders, but the slow pace 
of implementation of those agreements and the lack 
of an agreement over the final status of Abyei and 
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the demarcation of the north-south border threaten 
peace and stability in the region, and in particular 
peace and stability along the north-south borders of 
these countries. 
SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It shall be the policy 
of the United States to take urgent action to— 
(1) promote a genuinely comprehensive ap-
proach to resolving all issues related to serious 
human rights violations and political instability in 
Sudan, with the goal of encouraging a single, com-
prehensive agreement that provides a framework for 
democratic reform and lasting peace throughout all 
of Sudan, as well as a transparent, fair, and all-in-
clusive constitutional process; 
(2) ensure that work on a single, comprehensive 
solution to Sudan’s multiple conflicts runs parallel to 
negotiations between the Governments of Sudan and 
South Sudan but such comprehensive solution is not 
conditioned on the status of Sudan-South Sudan ne-
gotiations, and is coordinated effectively so as to 
prevent obstacles that may arise in Sudan-South 
Sudan from delaying or derailing work on such com-
prehensive solution; 
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(3) identify actions to provide immediate pro-
tection to noncombatants throughout Sudan who 
have been victims of serious human rights violations 
or are vulnerable to becoming victims of serious 
human rights violations, including— 
(A) demanding that the Government of 
Sudan permit free and unfettered access for 
international 
humanitarian 
aid 
throughout 
Sudan, including throughout Darfur, South 
Kordofan, Blue Nile, and Abyei, and absent 
such agreement, the United States should seek 
other mechanisms to mitigate the effects of the 
lack of such humanitarian aid; 
(B) considering options, including in con-
sultation with key international and regional ac-
tors described in paragraph (6), in which the 
United States could enforce the existing United 
Nations-imposed ban on offensive military 
flights over Darfur, as well as an extension of 
that ban to include South Kordofan, Blue Nile, 
and Abyei; 
(C) calling upon all persons and govern-
ments to immediately cease all selling, leasing, 
loaning, exporting, or otherwise transferring of 
military equipment to the Government of Sudan 
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or to any person controlled or supported by the 
Government of Sudan; 
(D) engaging United States allies to adopt 
and impose sanctions against the Government 
of Sudan similar to the sanctions already en-
acted by the United States and the sanctions 
described in this Act so as to strengthen multi-
lateral coordination and action to achieve a 
comprehensive resolution to Sudan’s multiple 
conflicts and unfettered access for international 
humanitarian aid for Sudan’s vulnerable popu-
lations; and 
(E) urging the United Nations Security 
Council to— 
(i) ban all sales, leases, loans, exports, 
or transfers of military equipment to the 
Government of Sudan or any person con-
trolled or supported by the Government of 
Sudan; 
(ii) expand the existing ban on all 
military flights over Darfur provided for 
under paragraph 6 of United Nations Se-
curity Council Resolution 1591 (2005) to 
other areas of Sudan where there are cur-
rently serious human rights violations oc-
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