IV 
113TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. RES. 643 
Calling for further defense against the People’s Republic of China’s state- 
sponsored cyber-enabled theft of trade secrets, including by the People’s 
Liberation Army. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JUNE 25, 2014 
Mr. CHABOT (for himself, Mr. BERA of California, Mr. COHEN, Mr. COLLINS 
of Georgia, and Mr. CONNOLLY) submitted the following resolution; which 
was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the 
Select Committee on Intelligence (Permanent Select), Armed Services, 
Ways and Means, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently 
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provi-
sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
RESOLUTION 
Calling for further defense against the People’s Republic 
of China’s state-sponsored cyber-enabled theft of trade 
secrets, including by the People’s Liberation Army. 
Whereas the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been la-
beled by the United States Office of the National Coun-
terintelligence Executive as the world’s most active and 
persistent perpetrator of economic espionage; 
Whereas the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of 
the House of Representatives investigated the PRC’s 
major telecommunications companies and concluded in a 
bipartisan report released October 2012 that Chinese 
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•HRES 643 IH 
businesses Huawei Technologies’ and ZTE Incorporated’s 
provision of equipment to United States critical infra-
structure could undermine core United States national 
security interests; 
Whereas in February 2013, the President issued the Admin-
istration’s Strategy on Mitigating the Theft of United 
States Trade Secrets and stated, ‘‘We cannot look back 
years from now and wonder why we did nothing in the 
face of real threats to our security and economy.’’; 
Whereas Mandiant, a United States cybersecurity firm, re-
ported in February 2013 that a cyber-hacking group it 
labels as Advanced Persistent Threat 1 (APT1) is based 
in the PRC and is likely government-sponsored; 
Whereas Mandiant found that APT1 is known as Unit 61398 
and is the 2nd Bureau of the 3rd Department of the 
General Staff Department of the People’s Liberation 
Army (PLA) under the Communist Party of China; 
Whereas Mandiant warned that APT1 is only one of more 
than 20 Advanced Persistent Threat groups originating 
in the PRC; 
Whereas Mandiant concluded that APT1 has conducted a 
cyber espionage campaign since at least 2006, whereas 
since that time, APT1 systematically stole hundreds of 
terabytes of data from at least 141 companies in 20 
major industries; 
Whereas Mandiant detailed that APT1 focuses on compro-
mising organizations in a broad range of industries in 
English-speaking countries and maintains an extensive 
infrastructure of computer systems around the world; 
Whereas Director of National Intelligence James Clapper re-
ported to Congress in March 2013 that the PRC remains 
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one of the most capable and persistent intelligence 
threats; 
Whereas in May 2013, the Secretary of Defense reported to 
Congress in a report entitled ‘‘Military and Security De-
velopments Involving the People’s Republic of China’’ 
that in 2012, numerous computer systems around the 
world, including those owned by the United States Gov-
ernment, were targeted for intrusions, some of which 
were attributable directly to the Government and military 
of the PRC; 
Whereas the Secretary of Defense asserted that these intru-
sions carried out by the PRC were focused on exfiltrating 
information through computer network exploitation 
(CNE) capabilities to support state-sponsored intelligence 
collection of United States national defense programs; 
Whereas Director of National Intelligence James Clapper re-
ported to Congress in January 2014 that China seeks to 
revise the multi-stakeholder model of Internet governance 
while continuing its expansive worldwide program of net-
work exploitation and intellectual property theft; 
Whereas Attorney General Eric Holder announced on May 
19, 2014, an indictment against five hackers affiliated 
with the PLA for serious cyber economic espionage that 
victimized United States entities and stole trade secrets; 
Whereas these five hackers were identified as part of Unit 
61398 of the PLA; 
Whereas the indictment detailed the threat from Unit 61398 
of the PLA based in Shanghai in the PRC; and 
Whereas this indictment was the first time charges were 
brought against state actors for cyber infiltration of 
United States commercial entities: Now, therefore, be it; 
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Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 
(1) calls on the President to aggressively imple-
ment and coordinate the Strategy on Mitigating the 
Theft of United States Trade Secrets; 
(2) calls on the PRC to end the practice of 
cyber-enabled espionage against United States firms 
and individuals and to cooperate in cyber security ef-
forts with the United States; 
(3) calls on the Department of Justice to con-
tinue to advance investigations into cyber espionage 
by actors originating in the PRC; 
(4) calls on the United States Government to 
continue to condemn cyber-enabled espionage for the 
purposes of stealing intellectual property and trade 
secrets, pursue counter intelligence capacities, and 
prosecute such individuals should they enter United 
States territory; 
(5) calls on the United States Trade Represent-
ative to estimate the loss from cyber theft, compile 
a list of actors that cause the most damage to 
United States firms by intellectual property rights 
theft and pursue a dispute settlement case at the 
World Trade Organization; 
(6) calls on the United States Office of the Na-
tional Counterintelligence Executive to update the 
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unclassified report to Congress on Foreign Economic 
Collection and Industrial Espionage in 2009–2011 
with information that includes the cyber threat from 
the People’s Republic of China against United 
States companies and critical infrastructure; 
(7) calls on the Department of Defense to re-
strict military-to-military contacts with the PLA in 
compliance with United States laws, including the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2000 (Public Law 106–65); 
(8) calls on the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
and the Department of Homeland Security to ex-
pand warnings to United States companies about 
the broad scope of tools to illicit trade secrets used 
by actors originating in the PRC, including cyber 
theft, physical trespass of the factories or other fa-
cilities of United States firms, intrusion of com-
puters, and use of Universal Serial Bus (USB) 
drives, money, travel, gifts, promises of employment, 
and social media; 
(9) calls on the Department of Defense and the 
Department of State to provide briefings of the 
United States-China cyber-security working group 
meetings in 2013; and 
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(10) calls on Federal departments and agencies 
to expand cooperation with allies and partners to 
better coordinate defense against cyber threats. 
Æ 
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