859
‘‘(2) 
AVAILABILITY.—Amounts 
appropriated 
under paragraph (1) shall remain available until ex-
pended.’’. 
(f) CRISIS NURSERY DEMONSTRATION GRANTS PRO-
GRAM.—The Family Violence Prevention and Services Act 
(42 U.S.C. 10401 et seq.), as amended by subsection (e), 
is further amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 323. CRISIS NURSERY DEMONSTRATION GRANT PRO-
GRAMS. 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH DEMONSTRATION 
GRANT PROGRAMS.—The Secretary may establish dem-
onstration programs under which grants are awarded to 
States to assist private nonprofit and public agencies and 
organizations in providing crisis nurseries for children who 
are abused and neglected, are at risk of abuse and neglect, 
are in families experiencing domestic violence, or are in 
families receiving child protective services. 
‘‘(b) ASSURANCES FOR TRAINING IN DOMESTIC VIO-
LENCE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Private nonprofit and pub-
lic agencies and organizations who receive funds 
under this section shall provide assurances to the 
Secretary that personnel working with children and 
families in crisis nurseries receive or have received 
training in domestic violence, the impact of domestic
860
violence on children, appropriate procedures for 
maintaining the safety and security of victims of do-
mestic violence and their children, and appropriate 
procedures for maintaining the confidentiality of 
both child and adult victims of domestic violence uti-
lizing the services of crisis nurseries. 
‘‘(2) TRAINING
REQUIREMENT.—Training re-
quired under paragraph (1) shall be conducted in 
consultation with State, local, or tribal domestic vio-
lence coalitions or other private nonprofit organiza-
tions such as a community-based domestic violence 
program that has a documented history of serving 
both child and adult victims of domestic violence. 
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—An applicant for a grant 
under this section shall demonstrate how activities funded 
under this section will be coordinated with other crisis 
nursery activities funded under section 201 of the Child 
Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (42 U.S.C. 5116).
‘‘(d) REPORTING.—A recipient of a grant under this 
section shall annually report on the crisis nursery activi-
ties funded under this grant. At a minimum, such a report 
shall describe—
‘‘(1) the number of children and families served 
through crisis nursery activities established under 
the grant;
861
‘‘(2) the nature and extent of the crisis nursery 
activities; 
‘‘(3) the percentage of children served by the 
crisis nursery activities established under the grant 
who are from families experiencing domestic vio-
lence; 
‘‘(4) the type of domestic violence training pro-
vided to crisis nursery staff and the nature and ex-
tent of training coordination with local domestic vio-
lence service providers; 
‘‘(5) the nature and extent of other Federal and 
State funding sources used to support the services of 
the crisis nursery; 
‘‘(6) the gaps between the service needs of the 
crisis nursery and the current capacity of crisis 
nurseries to serve children and families; and 
‘‘(7) outcome evaluation data on the effective-
ness of crisis nursery activities, if available. 
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, 
$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 through 2008.’’. 
(g) RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION ON THE IM-
PACT
OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
ON CHILDREN.—The 
Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C.
862
10401 et seq.), as amended by subsection (f), is further 
amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 324. RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION ON THE IM-
PACT OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHIL-
DREN. 
‘‘(a) GRANTS.—The Secretary, acting through the 
Assistant Secretary for Children and Families, may award 
competitive grants to eligible entities to enable such enti-
ties to conduct research and data collection activities con-
cerning the impact of domestic violence on children. 
‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible to receive 
a grant under this section, an entity shall be an institution 
of higher education or another nonprofit organization 
(such as a research entity, hospital, or mental health insti-
tution), with documented experience with research or data 
collection concerning the impact of domestic violence on 
children. 
‘‘(c) USE OF FUNDS.—An entity that receives a grant 
under this section shall use amounts provided under the 
grant to conduct new or expand current research or data 
collection—
‘‘(1) on the prevalence of childhood exposure to 
domestic violence and the effects of the exposure in 
child and adult victims;
863
‘‘(2) on the co-occurrence of domestic violence, 
and child abuse or neglect; 
‘‘(3) on linkages between children’s exposure to 
domestic violence and violent behavior in youth and 
adults; 
‘‘(4) that evaluates new or existing treatments 
aimed at children exposed to domestic violence; 
‘‘(5) on the prevalence of childhood exposure to 
domestic violence for Native American children; 
‘‘(6) on the effects and benefits of keeping chil-
dren with their nonabusive parent and providing co-
ordinated services to both; 
‘‘(7) on the role of children’s resilience and 
other factors that help mitigate the effects of expo-
sure to domestic violence; and 
‘‘(8) on related matters, if the research or data 
collection directly addresses the impact of domestic 
violence on children. 
‘‘(d) TERM
AND AMOUNT.—The Secretary shall 
award grants under this section for terms of 3 years and 
in amount of not more than $500,000 for each such year. 
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, 
$2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 through 2006, 
and $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 and 2008.’’.
864
Subtitle 
F—Enhancing 
Healthy 
Emotional 
Development 
in 
Young Children 
SEC. 8501. ENHANCING HEALTHY EMOTIONAL DEVELOP-
MENT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Researchers have identified external risk 
factors that, particularly when found in combination, 
can increase a young child’s risk for experiencing 
problems in social or emotional development, includ-
ing factors such as exposure to traumatic events, 
child abuse and neglect, parental mental health dis-
orders, unsatisfactory relationships, and deprivation. 
Experiences involving these risk factors may occur 
at home or in the community. 
(2) There is growing evidence that positive ad-
aptation and social and emotional well-being in 
young children can be enhanced, and that the im-
pact of risk factors for behavioral and emotional dis-
orders can be reduced by intervening early in homes, 
child care and other early childhood programs, and 
other settings. 
(3) The Surgeon General’s Conference on Chil-
dren’s Mental Health has recommended the creation 
of tangible tools for early childhood service providers
865
to help the providers assess children’s social and 
emotional needs, discuss issues relating to those 
needs with families, and make referrals. 
(4) Experience demonstrates that mental health 
consultants can help staff, as well as children and 
families, in early childhood programs promote 
healthy social and emotional development in young 
children, including those children already exposed to 
violence and other damaging experiences. 
(5) Success in school is dependent on social and 
emotional development, as well as the attainment of 
other competencies and skills, and investing early in 
the promotion of healthy development in young chil-
dren will help children enter school ready to learn. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting 
through the Assistant Secretary for Children and 
Families. 
(2) STATE AGENCY.—The term ‘‘State agency’’ 
means—
(A) the State office that coordinates early 
childhood services in a State; or 
(B) if an office described in subparagraph 
(A) does not exist in a State, the State office
866
that is responsible for early childhood programs 
in the State. 
(3) YOUNG CHILDREN.—The term ‘‘young chil-
dren’’ means individuals who are below the age of 
compulsory school attendance for the State involved. 
(c) GRANTS TO STATE AGENCIES.—
(1) GRANTS.—The Secretary shall establish a 
program through which the Secretary may make 
grants to State agencies, to enable the State agen-
cies to assist eligible entities to serve young children 
and the families of the children by addressing the 
mental health and developmental needs of the young 
children in order to promote the children’s resilience, 
emotional wellness, and healthy emotional develop-
ment. 
(2) GRANT
PERIODS.—The Secretary shall 
make the grants for periods of not more than 3 
years. 
(d) STATE APPLICATIONS.—To be eligible to receive 
a grant under subsection (c), a State agency shall submit 
an application to the Secretary at such time, in such man-
ner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
require. The application shall include the information and 
assurances described in subsection (g), with respect to the 
State.
867
(e) GRANTS TO ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—A State agen-
cy that receives a grant under subsection (c) shall use the 
funds made available through the grant to make grants 
to eligible entities to carry out programs to serve young 
children and the families of the children as described in 
subsection (c). 
(f) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible to receive a 
grant under subsection (e), an entity shall—
(1) be an agency or organization that carries 
out a home or center-based early childhood program, 
child welfare program, substance abuse treatment 
program, or domestic violence service and treatment 
program, that serves or has regular contact with 
young children; 
(2) be an established consortium of agencies or 
organizations described in paragraph (1); or 
(3) be another entity (such as a child care re-
source and referral agency, an early childhood serv-
ice coordinating body, or a community mental health 
center) that works with parents, agencies, or organi-
zations that serve young children in a community in 
promoting the mental health and healthy emotional 
development of young children; and
868
(4) obtain the approval of the State agency for 
an application submitted in accordance with sub-
section (g). 
(g) LOCAL APPLICATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible to receive a 
grant under this section, an entity shall submit an 
application to the State agency at such time, in such 
manner, and containing such information as the 
State agency may require. 
(2) CONTENTS.—At a minimum, the applica-
tion shall contain—
(A) a description of the young children 
who are targeted to be served, or are most like-
ly to be served, with the funds made available 
through the grant, and the problems the chil-
dren are facing or affected by (such as exposure 
to parental depression, parental substance 
abuse, child abuse or neglect, domestic violence, 
community violence, homelessness, a parental 
transition to the workforce, or other risk fac-
tors); 
(B) an assurance that the assistance pro-
vided with funds made available through the 
grant will be undertaken in a developmentally 
appropriate and culturally competent manner,
869
be child-centered, and, as applicable, family-fo-
cused, and consistent with the best knowledge 
available about effective prevention and inter-
vention strategies to promote mental health and 
healthy emotional development in young chil-
dren; 
(C) the name of the entity that would ad-
minister the program carried out under the 
grant; 
(D) a description of the types of assistance 
that will be provided with the funds to improve 
the mental health and healthy emotional devel-
opment of young children; 
(E) a description of how the program to be 
carried out under the grant will complement 
and be coordinated with the activities of, or car-
ried out by, any early childhood service coordi-
nating offices in the community in which the 
grant activities will be carried out; 
(F) an assurance that the applicant will 
work collaboratively with mental health, early 
childhood development, early intervention, edu-
cation, health, and other specialized violence 
prevention or treatment experts, and other ex-
perts in the applicant’s community to coordi-
870
nate services provided under this subtitle with 
similar services and to better address the needs 
of the young children the applicant serves; 
(G) documentation that the applicant has 
explored the extent to which funding under part 
C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education 
Act (20 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) and from other re-
lated Federal and State sources is available to 
address the needs of the young children; and 
(H) an assurance that the funds made 
available through the grant will not be used for 
activities that the State pays for with funds 
made available under the medicaid program 
carried out under title XIX of the Social Secu-
rity Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.), under the 
State children’s health insurance program car-
ried out under title XXI of the Social Security 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1397aa et seq.), or from State 
and local funds for mental health programs. 
(h) USE OF FUNDS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graphs (2) and (3), an entity that receives a grant 
under this section may use the funds made available 
through the grant to promote the mental health and
871
healthy emotional development of young children 
by—
(A) providing screening and assessments of 
the mental health and developmental needs of 
the young children to be served under the grant 
and, as appropriate, their families; 
(B) providing for consultations with staff 
of programs described in subsection (f)(1) by 
mental health and other early childhood devel-
opment experts, such as speech and language 
therapists and special education consultants, 
who can provide programmatic and individual 
child-centered and family-focused assistance to 
help the staff respond in the manner most con-
ducive to promoting the mental health and 
healthy emotional development of young chil-
dren; 
(C) providing professional development, in-
cluding specialized training and supervision, for 
staff of programs described in subsection (f)(1) 
and other early childhood service providers and, 
as appropriate, for families of young children, 
about the mental health and developmental 
needs of young children, to enable the staff and 
families to develop the skills and competencies
872
necessary to respond to the needs of, and pro-
vide needed assistance to, the young children 
and their families to promote the children’s 
mental health and healthy emotional develop-
ment; 
(D) providing prevention and early inter-
vention services, including home visitation, par-
enting education, and other activities, parent-
child groups, and other individualized supports 
for families of young children (including par-
ents, grandparents, other relative caregivers, 
foster parents, and other individuals responsible 
for raising young children), that are designed to 
promote mental health and healthy emotional 
development of young children; 
(E) providing crisis services; 
(F) facilitating access to treatment and 
services to enable staff of programs described in 
subsection (f)(1) to promote mental health and 
healthy emotional development by attending ap-
propriately to the emotional and behavioral con-
cerns facing young children and their families; 
(G) providing increased collaboration be-
tween staff of programs providing early child-
hood, child development, and children’s mental
873
health services, and, as appropriate, staff from 
other service delivery systems such as—
(i) the courts; and 
(ii) service delivery systems for sub-
stance abuse treatment, domestic violence 
service and treatment, health, and adult 
and child mental health programs; and 
(H) providing case management services 
for young children and, as appropriate, their 
families, to help link the children and families 
who need more specialized interventions to ap-
propriate services and treatment. 
(2) PLANNING AND COLLABORATION.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—An entity that requests 
authority to use grant funds made available 
under this section for planning and collabora-
tion activities, and receives a grant under this 
section, may use a portion of the grant funds 
as described in subparagraph (B). 
(B) ACTIVITIES.—The entity may use not 
more than 50 percent of the grant funds for a 
period of not more than 6 months at the begin-
ning of the grant period to carry out planning 
and collaboration activities that will help ensure 
that the needs of young children will be ad-
874
dressed appropriately through the activities car-
ried out under the grant. The planning and col-
laboration activities shall build on the work of 
and, to the extent possible, be carried out by 
early childhood service coordinating offices in 
the community in which the grant activities will 
be carried out. 
(3) DESIGNATED
ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary 
may, during the 3-year period beginning on the date 
of the establishment of the program described in 
subsection (c), award grants to State agencies under 
subsection (c), to enable the State agencies to assist 
eligible entities specifically to promote the training 
of early childhood mental health specialists, in con-
junction with entities such as community colleges, 
schools of social work, and institutions offering psy-
chology programs, through degree programs or in-
ternships or fellowships in early childhood mental 
health. 
(i) STATE COLLABORATION.—The State agency shall 
review applications submitted under subsection (g), make 
grants under subsection (e), and carry out the administra-
tion and oversight of the programs described in subsection 
(e) in collaboration with—
(1) the State mental health agency;
875
(2) the State entity designated to receive col-
laboration grants under section 640(a)(5) of the 
Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9835(a)(5)); and 
(3) other State offices responsible for child wel-
fare programs, substance abuse treatment programs, 
or domestic violence service programs, serving young 
children within the State. 
(j) SUPPLEMENT NOT SUPPLANT.—Funds appro-
priated pursuant to the authority of this section shall be 
used to supplement and not supplant other public funds 
expended to promote the mental health and healthy emo-
tional development of young children. 
(k) COLLABORATION.—In carrying out this section, 
the Secretary shall collaborate with the Administrator of 
the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Admin-
istration, the Administrator of the Health Care Financing 
Administration, and the heads of relevant offices of the 
Department of Education that address the concerns of 
young children. 
(l) REPORT.—A State that receives a grant under 
this section shall, not later than 90 days after the end 
of the grant period, prepare and submit to the Secretary 
a report that includes—
876
(1) information on the needs of the young chil-
dren, and their families, who were assisted with the 
grant funds; 
(2) information on the strategies for which the 
grant funds were used, and how the funds were com-
bined with other funds to expand the strategies; 
(3) documentation that the activities provided 
were developmentally appropriate, child-centered, 
and, as appropriate, family-focused, and directed to-
ward preventing emotional problems, and involved 
collaboration with mental health and other develop-
mental experts; 
(4) a discussion of—
(A) the extent to which entities in the 
State increased the number of activities (similar 
to activities carried out under this section) car-
ried out in the State that were funded from 
sources other than funds made available under 
this section during the grant period; and 
(B) the barriers to increasing the number 
of those activities that were so funded; and 
(5) a discussion of how the funds made avail-
able through the grant helped to improve outcomes 
for the young children and families served, particu-
larly with regard to the goal of school readiness.
877
(m) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec-
tion—
(1) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2004; 
(2) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; 
(3) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; 
(4) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and 
(5) $85,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
TITLE IX—SUCCESSFUL 
TRANSITION TO ADULTHOOD 
Subtitle A—Youth Development 
CHAPTER 1—SHORT TITLE; POLICY; 
DEFINITIONS 
SEC. 9001. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Younger Ameri-
cans Act’’. 
SEC. 9002. A NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States, in keeping with 
the traditional United States concept that youth are the 
Nation’s most valuable resource, that youth of the Nation 
need, and it is the joint and several duty and responsibility 
of governments of the United States, of the several States 
and political subdivisions, and of Indian tribes, to ensure 
that all youth have access to and participate in the full 
array of core resources needed to fully prepare youth to
878
become healthy and productive adults and effective citi-
zens, including—
(1) ongoing relationships with caring adults; 
(2) safe places with structured activities; 
(3) services that promote healthy lifestyles, in-
cluding services designed to improve physical and 
mental health; 
(4) opportunities to acquire marketable skills 
and competencies; and 
(5) opportunities for community service and 
civic participation. 
SEC. 9003. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Subtitle: 
(1) AREA PLAN.—The term ‘‘area plan’’ means 
an area youth development plan described in section 
9108. 
(2) ASSOCIATE COMMISSIONER.—The term ‘‘As-
sociate Commissioner’’ means the Associate Commis-
sioner of the Family and Youth Services Bureau of 
the Administration on Children, Youth, and Families 
of the Administration for Children and Families of 
the Department of Health and Human Services. 
(3) COMMUNITY-BASED.—The term ‘‘commu-
nity-based’’, used with respect to an organization, 
means an organization that—
879
(A) is representative of a community or 
significant segment of a community; and 
(B) is engaged in providing services to the 
community. 
(4) CONSORTIUM.—The term ‘‘consortium’’ 
means a youth development consortium established 
in accordance with section 9107(a). 
(5) CONVENING COMMUNITY-BASED AGENCY.—
The term ‘‘convening community-based agency’’ 
means an organization that—
(A) is directed by a board with wide rep-
resentation from a community; 
(B) generates and distributes charitable 
funds for diverse health and human service pro-
grams and coordinates the efforts of multiple 
agencies as needed or requested; 
(C) does not itself provide direct services 
to children, youth, or their families; and 
(D) operates within the geographic bound-
aries of the youth development area for which 
it exercises its convening duty. 
(6) CONVENING UNIT OF GENERAL PURPOSE 
LOCAL GOVERNMENT.—The term ‘‘convening unit of 
general purpose local government’’ means the unit of 
general purpose local government with the greatest
880
number of youth residing within the geographic 
boundaries of the youth development area for which 
it exercises its convening duty. 
(7) COUNCIL.—The term ‘‘Council’’ means the 
Coordinating Council for National Youth Policy. 
(8) INDIAN.—The term ‘‘Indian’’ has the mean-
ing given the term in section 4(d) of the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 450b(d)). 
(9) LIBRARY.—The term ‘‘library’’ has the 
meaning given the term in section 213(2) of the Mu-
seum and Library Services Act of 1996. 
(10) NATIVE
AMERICAN
ORGANIZATION.—The 
term ‘‘Native American organization’’ means—
(A) a tribal organization, as defined in sec-
tion 4(l) of the Indian Self-Determination and 
Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(l)); 
(B) a Native Hawaiian Organization, as 
defined in section 4009(4) of the Augustus F. 
Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and 
Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 
1988 (20 U.S.C. 4909(4)) (as in effect on the 
day before the date of enactment of the Improv-
ing America’s Schools Act of 1994);
881
(C) an Alaska Native Village Corporation 
or Regional Corporation as defined in or estab-
lished pursuant to the Alaskan Native Claims 
Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.); or 
(D) a private nonprofit organization estab-
lished for the purpose of serving youth who are 
Indians or Native Hawaiians. 
(11) NATIVE
HAWAIIAN.—The term ‘‘Native 
Hawaiian’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 4009(1) of the Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. 
Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improve-
ment Amendments of 1988 (20 U.S.C. 4909(1)) (as 
in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994). 
(12) OUTLYING
AREA.—The term ‘‘outlying 
area’’ means the United States Virgin Islands, 
Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
the Northern Mariana Islands. 
(13) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of 
the several States of the United States, the District 
of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. 
(14) STATE
PLAN.—The term ‘‘State plan’’ 
means a State youth development plan described in 
section 9105.
882
(15) UNIT OF GENERAL PURPOSE LOCAL GOV-
ERNMENT.—The term ‘‘unit of general purpose local 
government’’ means—
(A) a political subdivision of a State whose 
authority is general and not limited to only 1 
function or combination of related functions; or 
(B) a Native American organization. 
(16) YOUTH.—The term ‘‘youth’’ means an in-
dividual who is not younger than age 10 and not 
older than age 19. 
(17) YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AREA.—The term 
‘‘youth development area’’ means a geographic area 
designated by the State youth development agency in 
accordance with section 9104(a)(1)(E). 
(18) YOUTH DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION.—
The term ‘‘youth development organization’’ means 
a public or private youth-serving organization with a 
major emphasis on providing youth development pro-
grams. 
(19) YOUTH
DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMS.—The 
term ‘‘youth development programs’’ means pro-
grams, services, supports, opportunities, and activi-
ties that prepare youth to contribute to their com-
munities and to meet the challenges of adolescence 
and adulthood through a structured, progressive se-
883
ries of activities and experiences (in contrast to def-
icit-based approaches that focus solely on youth 
problems) that—
(A) help the youth obtain social, emotional, 
ethical, physical, and cognitive competencies; 
and 
(B) address the broader developmental re-
sources all children and youth need, such as the 
core resources described in section 9002. 
(20) 
YOUTH-SERVING
ORGANIZATION.—The 
term ‘‘youth-serving organization’’ means a public or 
private organization with a primary focus on pro-
viding youth development programs, or health, men-
tal health, fitness, education, workforce preparation, 
substance abuse prevention, child welfare, evaluation 
and assessment, parenting, arts and cultural engage-
ment, recreation, teen pregnancy prevention, reha-
bilitative, or residential services to youth. 
CHAPTER 2—GRANTS FOR STATE AND 
COMMUNITY PROGRAMS 
SEC. 9101. PURPOSE. 
The purpose of this chapter is to encourage and as-
sist States and youth development consortia in mobilizing 
and supporting communities in planning, implementing, 
and being accountable for strategies that link community-
884
based organizations, local government, volunteer centers, 
schools, community colleges, colleges, universities, faith-
based organizations, businesses, parks and recreation 
agencies, libraries and museums, arts and cultural organi-
zations, other youth-serving organizations, and other seg-
ments of the community to ensure that all youth have ac-
cess to, and participate in, the full array of core resources 
described in section 9002. 
SEC. 9102. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this chapter $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2004, 
$750,000,000 for fiscal year 2005, $1,000,000,000 for fis-
cal year 2006, $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, and 
$2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2008. 
SEC. 9103. ALLOTMENTS TO STATES. 
(a) RESERVATIONS.—From sums appropriated under 
section 9102 for each fiscal year, the Associate Commis-
sioner shall reserve—
(1) 94 percent of the sums for allotments to 
States to enable the States to make allocations to 
youth development consortia and to perform State 
activities; 
(2) 1 percent of the sums for grants to Native 
American organizations to carry out activities con-
sistent with the objectives of this chapter;
885
(3) 1 percent of the sums for grants to outlying 
areas to carry out activities consistent with the ob-
jectives of this chapter; 
(4) 3 percent of the sums for Federal competi-
tive grant programs aimed at demonstrating ways to 
respond, through programs that meet the require-
ments of subsection (b), to the special developmental 
needs of youth—
(A) in areas with high concentrations of 
poverty; 
(B) in rural areas; 
(C) in situations in which the youth are at 
higher risk due to abuse, neglect, disconnection 
from family, disconnection from school, or an-
other community risk factor; 
(D) in alternative educational settings or 
who have been expelled or suspended from 
school; 
(E) in correctional facilities and other out-
of-home residential settings; 
(F) with disabilities; and 
(G) coming from homes where the primary 
languages spoken are not English; and 
(5) 1 percent of the sums for the Associate 
Commissioner to carry out planning, policy develop-
886
ment, administration, and accountability duties and 
activities under this chapter and under chapter 3 of 
this subtitle. 
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—For each fiscal year for which 
a State receives a State allotment, the State shall ensure 
that funds made available through the allotment, and used 
by the State or a youth development consortium in the 
State to fund youth development programs, shall be used 
for the purpose of conducting community-based youth de-
velopment programs that—
(1) recognize the primary role of the family in 
youth development in order to strengthen families; 
(2) promote the involvement of youth (including 
program participants), parents, grandparents, and 
guardians, and other community members in the 
planning and implementation of the youth develop-
ment programs; 
(3) coordinate services with other entities pro-
viding youth and family services in the community; 
(4) eliminate barriers, such as a lack of trans-
portation, cost, and service delivery location, to the 
accessibility of youth development services; 
(5) provide, directly or through a written con-
tract, a broad variety of accessible youth develop-
ment programs for youth that are designed to assist
887
youth in acquiring skills, competencies, and connec-
tions that are necessary to make a successful transi-
tion from childhood to adulthood; 
(6) incorporate activities that foster relation-
ships between positive adult role models and youth, 
provide age-appropriate activities, and provide activi-
ties that engage youth in, and promote youth devel-
opment, including activities such as—
(A) youth clubs, character development ac-
tivities, mentoring, community service, civic en-
gagement, leadership development, community 
action, recreation, and literacy and educational 
tutoring; 
(B) sports, workforce readiness activities, 
peer counseling, and fine and performing arts; 
and 
(C) camping and environmental or science 
education, arts and cultural engagement, risk 
avoidance programs, academic enrichment, and 
participant-defined special interest group activi-
ties, courses, or clubs; and 
(7) employ strong outreach efforts to engage 
the participation of a wide range of youth, families, 
and service providers. 
(c) ALLOTMENTS.—
888
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-
graph (2), from sums reserved under subsection 
(a)(1), the Associate Commissioner shall allot to 
each State the sum (referred to in this chapter as 
the ‘‘State allotment’’) of—
(A) an amount that bears the same ratio 
to 1⁄2 of the reserved sums as the number of in-
dividuals who are not younger than age 10 and 
not older than age 19 in the State bears to the 
number of such individuals in all the States; 
and 
(B) an amount that bears the same ratio 
to 1⁄2 of the reserved sums as the number of 
youth in poverty as measured by the most re-
cent decennial and annual demographic pro-
gram data available from the Bureau of the 
Census in the State bears to the number of 
such youth in all the States. 
(2) STATE MINIMUM.—No State shall be allot-
ted less than 0.40 percent of the reserved sums for 
a fiscal year. 
(3) DETERMINATIONS.—For purposes of this 
subsection, the number of individuals who are not 
younger than age 10 and not older than age 19 in 
any State and in all the States, and the number of
889
youth in poverty in any State and in all the States, 
shall be determined by the Associate Commissioner 
on the basis of the most recent decennial and annual 
demographic program data available from the Bu-
reau of the Census, and other reliable demographic 
data satisfactory to the Associate Commissioner. 
(d) WITHHOLDING.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—If the Associate Commis-
sioner finds that any State has failed to meet the 
State plan requirements of section 9105 or the allo-
cation requirements of section 9106(b), the Asso-
ciate Commissioner shall withhold the State allot-
ment from such State. 
(2) DISBURSAL.—The Associate Commissioner 
shall disburse the funds withheld directly to any en-
tity that is a public or private institution, organiza-
tion, or agency, or unit of general purpose local gov-
ernment of such State that submits an approved 
plan described in section 9108, if the plan includes 
an agreement that the entity will—
(A) make available (directly or through do-
nations from public or private entities) non-
Federal contributions, in cash or in kind, in an 
amount equal to a percentage determined for 
the State of the funds; and
890
(B) comply with the requirements of this 
subtitle that apply to States receiving State al-
lotments under this section. 
(e) REALLOTMENTS.—Whenever the Associate Com-
missioner determines that any amount allotted to a State 
for a fiscal year under this section will not be used by 
such State for such fiscal year to carry out the purpose 
for which the allotment was made, the Associate Commis-
sioner shall make such amount available for carrying out 
such purpose to 1 or more other States to the extent the 
Associate Commissioner determines that such other States 
will be able to use such amount for carrying out such pur-
pose. 
SEC. 9104. STATE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES AND 
YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AREAS. 
(a) STATE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES.—In 
order for a State to be eligible to receive a State allotment 
under this chapter—
(1) the State shall, in accordance with regula-
tions issued by the Associate Commissioner, des-
ignate a State agency as the sole State agency to—
(A) be primarily responsible for the plan-
ning, policy development, administration, co-
ordination, priority setting, accountability, and
891
evaluation of all State activities related to the 
objectives of this subtitle; 
(B) coordinate its activities with other 
State, local, and private agencies, offices, and 
programs, including—
(i) State Commissions on National 
and Community Service established under 
section 178 of the National and Commu-
nity Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
12638); 
(ii) entities carrying out programs 
under the Runaway and Homeless Youth 
Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) and other 
programs under the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 
U.S.C. 5601 et seq.); 
(iii) entities carrying out independent 
living programs; 
(iv) entities carrying out child welfare 
programs; 
(v) youth councils established under 
section 117(h) of the Workforce Invest-
ment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2832(h)); 
(vi) entities carrying out related ac-
tivities under the Elementary and Sec-
892
ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
6301 et seq.); and 
(vii) entities carrying out literacy ac-
tivities under the Museum and Library 
Services Act of 1996 (20 U.S.C. 9101 et 
seq.); 
(C) develop a State youth development 
plan to be submitted to the Associate Commis-
sioner for approval pursuant to section 9105; 
(D) provide assurances that the State will 
solicit and take into account, with regard to 
general policy related to the development and 
the administration of the State plan for any fis-
cal year, the views of youth who are the tar-
geted and actual recipients of services provided 
for in the plan; 
(E) administer the State plan; 
(F) develop and disseminate a uniform for-
mat for use by youth development consortia in 
developing area plans; 
(G) divide the State into distinct youth de-
velopment areas, after considering the views of-
fered by units of general purpose local govern-
ment and appropriate public or private agencies 
and organizations in the State, in accordance
893
with regulations issued by the Associate Com-
missioner; 
(H) ensure that each unit of general pur-
pose local government of the State is included 
in a youth development area; 
(I) in accordance with guidelines issued by 
the Associate Commissioner, make allocations 
to youth development consortia pursuant to sec-
tion 9106(b); 
(J) provide assurances that Federal funds 
made available under this chapter for the State 
for any period will be used to supplement, and 
not supplant, the State, local, and other funds 
that would in the absence of such Federal funds 
be made available for the youth development 
programs described in this chapter; 
(K) compile reports from youth develop-
ment consortia, including outcome and utiliza-
tion data developed under section 9301(1) and 
evaluation information regarding youth develop-
ment programs funded under this chapter and 
provide an annual report based on the compila-
tion to the Associate Commissioner; 
(L) serve as an effective and visible advo-
cate for youth in the State government, by ac-
894
tively reviewing and commenting on all State 
plans, policies, and programs affecting youth; 
(M) provide public forums for discussion 
on issues regarding youth, publicize the core re-
sources youth need, and obtain information re-
lating to ensuring all youth have access to, and 
participate in, the full array of core resources 
described in section 9002, by conducting public 
hearings, and by conducting or sponsoring con-
ferences, workshops, and other similar meet-
ings; 
(N) develop mechanisms to foster collabo-
ration and resolve administrative and pro-
grammatic conflicts between State programs 
that would be barriers to parents, grand-
parents, 
and 
guardians, 
community-based, 
youth-serving, and youth development organiza-
tions, local government entities, State govern-
ment entities, tribes, older adult organizations, 
faith-based organizations, and organizations 
supporting youth involved in community service 
and civic participation, related to the coordina-
tion of services and funding for programs pro-
moting access to, and participating in, the full
895
array of core resources described in section 
9002; and 
(O) consult with and assist local govern-
ments and community-based organizations with 
respect to barriers the governments encounter 
related to the coordination of services and fund-
ing for youth development and youth services 
programs. 
(b) YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AREA.—
(1) UNIT OF GENERAL PURPOSE LOCAL GOV-
ERNMENT.—
(A) CRITERIA.—In carrying out subsection 
(a)(1), the State agency may designate as a 
youth development area any unit of general 
purpose local government. 
(B) HEARING.—In any case in which a 
unit of general purpose local government ap-
plies to the State agency to be designated as a 
youth development area under this paragraph, 
the State agency shall, upon request, provide an 
opportunity for a hearing to such unit of gen-
eral purpose local government. 
(2) REGION.—The State agency may designate 
as a youth development area under subsection (a)(1) 
any region in the State that includes 1 or more units
896
of general purpose local government if the State 
agency determines that the designation of such a re-
gional youth development area is necessary for, and 
will enhance, the effective administration of the 
youth development programs authorized by this 
chapter. 
(3) ADDITIONAL
AREAS.—The State agency 
may include in any youth development area des-
ignated under subsection (a)(1) such additional 
areas, adjacent to a unit of general purpose local 
government, as the State agency determines are nec-
essary for, and will enhance, the effective adminis-
tration of the youth development programs author-
ized by this chapter. 
(4) INDIAN RESERVATIONS.—The State agency, 
in carrying out subsection (a)(1), shall to the extent 
practicable include all portions of an Indian reserva-
tion in a single youth development area. 
SEC. 9105. STATE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PLANS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible to receive a State 
allotment under this title, a State shall develop, prepare, 
and submit to the Associate Commissioner a State youth 
development plan, for a 2- or 3-year period, at such time, 
in such manner, and meeting such criteria as the Asso-
ciate Commissioner may by regulation prescribe, and shall
897
make such annual revisions as may be necessary to the 
plan. 
(b) CONTENTS.—Each such State plan shall contain 
assurances that the plan is based on area youth develop-
ment plans developed under section 9108 by youth devel-
opment consortia in the State and describes the State’s 
intended use of its allotment for State discretionary grants 
authorized in section 9106(a)(1)(C). 
SEC. 9106. DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS FOR STATE ACTIVI-
TIES AND AREA ALLOCATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—From a State allotment made 
under this chapter for any fiscal year—
(1)(A) the State agency may use such amount 
as the State agency determines to be appropriate, 
but not more than 7 percent, for the purposes of 
subparagraphs (B) and (C); 
(B) the State agency may use such amount as 
the State agency determines to be appropriate, but 
not more than 4 percent of the State allotment, for 
paying the cost of—
(i) reviewing area youth development plans 
and distributing funds to youth development 
consortia;
898
(ii) assisting youth development consortia 
in carrying out activities under this chapter; 
and 
(iii) monitoring and evaluating activities 
funded through this subtitle by youth develop-
ment consortia; and 
(C) the State agency may use such amount as 
the State agency determines to be appropriate, but 
not less than 3 percent and not more than 7 percent 
of the State allotment, for making State discre-
tionary grants to respond to the special develop-
mental needs of youth—
(i) in areas with high concentrations of 
poverty; 
(ii) in rural areas; 
(iii) in situations in which the youth are at 
greater risk due to abuse, neglect, disconnection 
from family, disconnection from school, or an-
other community risk factor; 
(iv) in alternative educational settings or 
who have been expelled or suspended from 
school; 
(v) in correctional facilities and other out-
of-home residential settings; 
(vi) with disabilities; and
899
(vii) coming from homes where the primary 
languages spoken are not English; and 
(2) the State agency shall use the remainder of 
such allotment to make allocations under subsection 
(b) to youth development consortia to pay for the 
cost of youth development programs under this 
chapter that are specified in area youth development 
plans that—
(A) are developed through a comprehensive 
and coordinated system of planning; 
(B) have been approved by the consortia 
involved; 
(C) are submitted by the consortia for 
their respective youth development areas; and 
(D) have been approved by the State agen-
cy. 
(b) ALLOCATIONS AND COMPETITIVE GRANTS.—
(1) ALLOCATIONS.—Except as provided in 
paragraph (2), from the remainder of the State al-
lotment described in subsection (a)(2), the State 
agency, using the best available data, shall allocate 
for each youth development area in the State the 
sum of—
(A) an amount that bears the same ratio 
to 1⁄2 of the remainder as the number of indi-
900
viduals who are not younger than age 10 and 
not older than age 19 in the youth development 
area bears to the number of such individuals in 
the State; and 
(B) an amount that bears the same ratio 
to 1⁄2 of the remainder as the number of youth 
in poverty as measured by the most recent de-
cennial and annual demographic program data 
available from the Bureau of the Census in the 
youth development area bears to the number of 
such youth in the State. 
(2) COMPETITIVE GRANTS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—For any fiscal year for 
which the amount appropriated to carry out 
this subtitle is less than $150,000,000, the 
State agency shall use the remainder of the 
State allotment described in subsection (a)(2) 
to make competitive grants to consortia. 
(B) 
RESPONSIBILITIES.—A 
consortium 
that receives such a grant shall be considered to 
have received an allocation under this sub-
section, and shall comply with the requirements 
of this subtitle relating to funds received 
through such an allocation. A State that makes 
such grants shall be considered to have com-
901
plied with the requirements of this subsection 
relating to making allocations. 
(c) NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—A State that uses Fed-
eral funds provided under this chapter to carry out the 
activities described in section 9106(a)(1)(B) shall make 
available (directly or through donations from public or pri-
vate entities) non-Federal contributions in cash in an 
amount equal to not less than $1 for every $1 of the Fed-
eral funds. 
(d) REALLOTMENTS.—If the State agency does not 
receive from a youth development consortium a letter of 
intent declaring the consortium’s intention to submit an 
area youth development plan to the State agency, within 
120 days of the State agency’s announcement of the avail-
ability of allocations under subsection (b) to youth devel-
opment areas to pay for the cost of youth development 
programs under this chapter, the State agency shall deter-
mine that any amount allotted to the youth development 
area for a fiscal year under this section will not be used 
by such area for carrying out the purpose for which the 
allotment was made and shall make such amount available 
for carrying out such purpose to 1 or more other youth 
development areas to the extent the State agency deter-
mines that such other areas will be able to use such 
amount for carrying out such purpose.
902
SEC. 9107. YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CONSORTIA. 
(a) YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CONSORTIA.—
(1) CONVENED.—
(A) CONVENING UNITS OF GENERAL PUR-
POSE
LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
AND
CONVENING 
COMMUNITY-BASED AGENCIES.—Except as oth-
erwise provided in this paragraph, in order to 
receive funds from a State pursuant to this 
chapter, a youth development area shall have a 
youth development consortium convened jointly 
by the chief executive officer of a convening 
community-based agency in the area and the 
chief executive officer of the convening unit of 
general purpose local government in the area. 
(B) PRIVATE AGENCIES AND LOCAL GOV-
ERNMENTS.—In the event that a convening 
community-based agency is not represented in 
the youth development area, or the chief execu-
tive officer of a convening community-based 
agency in the area is unwilling or unable to 
participate in jointly convening the consortium, 
the State agency, after consideration of the 
views offered by units of general purpose local 
government and by nonprofit agencies and or-
ganizations in such area, shall designate a pri-
vate nonprofit agency or organization in the
903
area to convene the consortium jointly with the 
chief executive officer of the convening unit of 
general purpose local government in the area. 
(C) LOCAL FUNDING AND COORDINATING 
AGENCIES AND PUBLIC ENTITIES.—In the event 
that a chief executive officer of the convening 
unit of general purpose local government in the 
youth development area is unwilling or unable 
to participate in jointly convening the consor-
tium, the State agency, after consideration of 
the views offered by units of general purpose 
local government and by youth-serving agencies 
and organizations in such area, shall designate 
an executive official of a public entity in the 
area to convene the consortium jointly with the 
chief executive officer of a convening commu-
nity-based agency and any other chief executive 
officers of units of general purpose local govern-
ment in the area. 
(D) EXISTING ENTITY.—An existing entity 
in the youth development area may serve as the 
consortium if—
(i) such entity’s membership meets 
the requirements for a consortium or is 
adapted to meet such requirements; and
910
(G) coming from homes where the primary 
languages spoken are not English; 
(4) provide assurances that youth engaged in 
youth development programs carried out under the 
area plan will be treated equitably; 
(5) contain strategies for mobilizing and coordi-
nating community resources to meet the outcome ob-
jectives; 
(6) describe activities for which funds made 
available through the allocation will be used to fill 
gaps between unmet needs and available resources; 
(7) describe the inclusive process used by the 
consortium to engage all segments of the commu-
nities in the youth development area in developing 
the area plan; 
(8) provide measures of program effectiveness 
to be used in evaluating the progress of the youth 
development programs approved by the consortium 
in the area in ensuring access for all youth to the 
full array of core resources described in section 
9002, including specific measures for providing ac-
cess to such resources for youth with special develop-
mental needs, and including specific measures of the 
participation of youth;