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American countries have the resource base and tech-
nical ability to increase production of oil by at least
15 Mmbbl/d by 2025 and 20 Mmbbl/d by 2030 even
before increases in coal liquifaction, biofuels, gas-to-
liquids, and other methods of creating liquid sub-
stitutes for crude oil and crude oil products.
(11) This increase in North American oil pro-
duction would be derived from a variety of resources
including, among others—
(A) the United States oil shale resource
base (2 trillion barrels of oil in place out of 2.6
trillion in the world) believed to be capable of
eventually producing 10 Mmbbl/d for more than
100 years;
(B) the Canadian Alberta oil sands re-
source base (1.7 trillion barrels of oil in place),
also believed to be capable of eventually pro-
ducing 10 Mmbbl/d for more than 100 years;
(C) the United States heavy oil resource
base (80 billion barrels of oil in place);
(D) the remaining 400 billion barrels of
conventional oil in place in the United States of
which 60 billion barrels are potentially produc-
ible with advanced CO2 enhanced oil recovery
technology;
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(E) the United States oil sands resource
base of 54 billion barrels of oil in place;
(F) the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Coastal Plain area (ANWR) with a mean tech-
nically recoverable resource of more than 10 bil-
lion barrels of oil;
(G) the National Petroleum Reserve-Alas-
ka (NPR-A) with a mean technically recover-
able resource of 9.3 billion barrels of oil;
(H) the 12–18 billion barrels of oil likely
to be producible in the Canadian Atlantic off-
shore;
(I) the extensive resources of the Canadian
Arctic onshore and offshore;
(J) the extensive resources in the Alaskan
Arctic offshore and the outer Continental Shelf
offshore the lower-48 United States;
(K) other extensive oil resources in Canada
and the United States; and
(L) the extensive oil resources of Mexico.
(12) In addition to being the ‘‘Saudi Arabia’’ of
oil shale with at least 75 percent of the world’s oil
shale resource base, the United States is also the
‘‘Saudi Arabia’’ of coal. The EIA estimates that
total economically recoverable reserves of coal
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around the world are current consumption levels.
EIA estimates that the economically recoverable coal
reserves of the United States, at 25 percent of total
world reserves, are the largest in the world. Total
United States coal resources are vastly larger than
the 270 billion short tons of economically recoverable
reserves, and with new technology much more could
economically be made available to supply our energy
needs. World consumption of coal in 2001 was 5.26
billion short tons and is projected to grow to 7.57
billion short tons in 2025. 70 percent of the in-
creased world consumption is projected to be attrib-
utable to China and India. United States consump-
tion of coal in 2001 was 1.06 billion short tons and
is projected to grow to 1.57 billion short tons in
2025.
(13) Growth in world oil consumption has been
outstripping growth in world production of conven-
tional oil resources for several primary reasons, in-
cluding that conventional oil production in most oil
producing countries has peaked and is now declin-
ing, and developing nations such as China and India
are greatly accelerating their consumption of crude
oil.
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(14) The recent increases in world oil prices are
caused by the faster growth in demand over supply
and this trend is likely to continue because the re-
maining conventional oil is more difficult and expen-
sive to find and produce, and frequently not reason-
ably available.
(15) The National Intelligence Council, an advi-
sor to the Central Intelligence Agency, found in its
report, ‘‘Mapping the Global Future,’’ NIC 2004–
13, December 2004, that ‘‘Continued limited access
of the international oil companies to major fields
could restrain this investment necessary for supply
to meet demand, however, and many of the areas—
the Caspian Sea, Venezuela, West Africa, and South
China Sea—that are being counted on to provide in-
creased output involve substantial political or eco-
nomic risk. Traditional suppliers in the Middle East
are also increasingly unstable. Thus sharper de-
mand-driven competition for resources, perhaps ac-
companied by a major disruption of oil supplies, is
among the key uncertainties. China and India, which
lack adequate domestic energy resources, will have
to ensure continued access to outside suppliers; thus,
the need for energy will be a major factor in shaping
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their foreign and defense policies, including expand-
ing naval power’’.
(16) Because the price of crude oil is set on a
world market basis, the excess of world demand over
supply will continue to drive up oil prices to levels
potentially several times those of today unless all na-
tions capable of producing significant quantities of
incremental oil respond by ensuring such production
is developed and available for consumption on an ex-
pedited basis.
(17) The eventual, long-term solution is to
drastically reduce the world’s reliance on oil as the
primary fuel for transportation (40 percent of the
United States consumption of oil is to power light
motor vehicles).
(18) North America, while maximizing the pro-
duction of oil, must use the next 40 years as a tran-
sition period to a more sustainable energy model.
(19) The United States also has large renew-
able energy resource potential including wind, geo-
thermal, solar, biomass, ocean thermal, waves and
currents, and hydroelectric. The EIA’s July 2004 re-
port, ‘‘Renewable Energy Trends 2003’’, found that
renewable energy provided 6 percent of the Nation’s
energy supply in 2003. The largest renewable energy