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of this Act, or the application of that provision to other 
persons or circumstances, shall not be affected. 
SEC. 3. PROHIBITION OF RECOGNITION OF ASSAD REGIME. 
(a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 
United States— 
(1) not to recognize or normalize relations with 
any Government of Syria that is led by Bashar al- 
Assad due to the Assad regime’s ongoing crimes 
against the Syrian people, including failure to meet 
the criteria outlined in section 7431(a) of the Caesar 
Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019; 
(2) to actively oppose recognition or normaliza-
tion of relations by other governments with any Gov-
ernment of Syria that is led by Bashar Al-Assad, in-
cluding by fully implementing the mandatory pri-
mary and secondary sanctions in the Caesar Syria 
Civilian Protection Act of 2019 and Executive Order 
No. 13894; and 
(3) to use the full range of authorities, includ-
ing those provided under the Caesar Syria Civilian 
Protection Act of 2019 and Executive Order No. 
13894, to deter reconstruction activities in areas 
under the control of Bashar al-Assad. 
(b) PROHIBITION.—In accordance with subsection 
(a), no Federal official or employee may take any action, 
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and no Federal funds may be made available, to recognize 
or otherwise imply, in any manner, United States recogni-
tion of Bashar al-Assad or any Government in Syria that 
is led by Bashar al-Assad. 
SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY STRATEGY TO COUNTER NORMAL-
IZATION WITH ASSAD REGIME. 
(a) REPORT AND STRATEGY REQUIRED.— 
(1) SUBMISSION.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an-
nually thereafter for 5 years, the Secretary of State 
(in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, 
the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Admin-
istration, and the heads of other appropriate Federal 
departments and agencies) shall submit to the ap-
propriate congressional committees a report and 
strategy to describe and counter actions taken or 
planned by foreign governments to normalize, en-
gage with, or upgrade political, diplomatic, or eco-
nomic ties with the regime led by Bashar al-Assad 
in Syria (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Assad 
regime’’). 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The elements of the report 
under paragraph (1) shall include— 
(A) a description of violations of inter-
national law and human rights abuses com-
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mitted by Bashar al-Assad, the Government of 
the Russian Federation, or the Government of 
Iran and progress towards justice and account-
ability for the Syrian people; 
(B) a full list of diplomatic meetings at the 
Ambassador level or above, between the Syrian 
regime and any representative of the Govern-
ments of Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, 
Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, 
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Algeria, 
Morocco, Libya, or Lebanon, respectively; 
(C) a list including an identification of— 
(i) any single covered transaction ex-
ceeding $500,000; and 
(ii) any combination of covered trans-
actions by the same source that, in aggre-
gate, exceed $500,000 and occur within a 
single year; 
(D) for each identified single transaction 
or aggregate transactions, as the case may be, 
included in the list described in subparagraph 
(C), a determination of whether such trans-
action subjects any of the parties to the trans-
action to sanctions under the Caesar Syria Ci-
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vilian Protection Act of 2019, as amended by 
section 2; 
(E) a description of the steps the United 
States is taking to actively deter recognition or 
normalization of relations by other governments 
with the Assad regime, including specific diplo-
matic engagements and use of economic sanc-
tions authorized by statutes or implemented 
through Executive orders, including— 
(i) the Caesar Syria Civilian Protec-
tion Act of 2019 (22 U.S.C. 8791 note); 
(ii) the Syria Accountability and Leb-
anese Sovereignty Restoration Act (22 
U.S.C. 2151 note); 
(iii) the Comprehensive Iran Sanc-
tions, Accountability, and Divestment Act 
of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8501 et seq.); 
(iv) Executive Order No. 13894 (84 
Fed. Reg. 55851; relating to blocking 
property and suspending entry of certain 
persons contributing to the situation in 
Syria); 
(v) the Global Magnitsky Human 
Rights Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 
10101 et seq.); 
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(vi) the Countering America’s Adver-
saries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9401 et seq.); and 
(vii) the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin 
Designation Act (21 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.); 
and 
(F) an assessment of how recognition or 
normalization of relations by other governments 
with the Assad regime impacts the national se-
curity of the United States, prospects for imple-
mentation of the United Nations Security 
Council Resolution 2254, prospects for justice 
and accountability for war crimes in Syria, and 
the benefits derived by the Government of the 
Russian Federation or the Government of Iran. 
(b) SCOPE.—The initial report required by subsection 
(a) shall address the period beginning on January 1, 2021, 
and ending on the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
each subsequent report shall address the one-year period 
following the conclusion of the scope of the prior report. 
(c) FORM.—Each report under subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in an unclassified form, but may contain a 
classified annex. The unclassified section of such a report 
shall be made publicly available on a website of the United 
States Federal Government. 
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