IB 
Union Calendar No. 176 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 940 
[Report No. 119–216] 
To amend the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Act of 
1978 to improve the examination of depository institutions, and for 
other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
FEBRUARY 4, 2025 
Mr. HILL of Arkansas (for himself, Mr. MEUSER, Mrs. WAGNER, Mr. 
HUIZENGA, Mr. TIMMONS, Mr. MOORE of North Carolina, and Mr. WIL-
LIAMS of Texas) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Financial Services 
JULY 25, 2025 
Additional sponsors: Mr. HARIDOPOLOS, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. DAVID SCOTT of 
Georgia, and Mr. FIELDS 
JULY 25, 2025 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on February 4, 2025] 
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A BILL 
To amend the Federal Financial Institutions Examination 
Council Act of 1978 to improve the examination of de-
pository institutions, and for other purposes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Fair Audits and Inspec-
tions for Regulators’ Exams Act’’ or the ‘‘FAIR Exams 
Act’’. 
SEC. 2. TIMELINESS OF EXAMINATIONS AND EXAMINATION 
REPORTS. 
The Federal Financial Institutions Examination 
Council Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1012. TIMELINESS OF EXAMINATIONS AND EXAMINA-
TION REPORTS. 
‘‘(a) TIMELINESS OF EXAMINATIONS.—A Federal fi-
nancial institutions regulatory agency shall complete any 
examination of a financial institution within 270 days of 
commencing the examination, except that such period may 
be extended by the Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agency by providing written notice to the financial institu-
tion describing with particularity the reasons that a longer 
period is needed. 
‘‘(b) FINAL EXAMINATION REPORT.—A Federal finan-
cial institutions regulatory agency shall provide a final ex-
amination report to a financial institution not later than 
90 days after the later of— 
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‘‘(1) the exit interview for an examination of the 
institution; or 
‘‘(2) the provision of additional material infor-
mation by the institution relating to the examination. 
‘‘(c) EXIT INTERVIEW REQUIREMENT.—Within 30 
days of completing an examination, a Federal financial in-
stitutions regulatory agency shall conduct an exit interview 
with the financial institution’s senior management, except 
that such period may be extended by the Federal financial 
institutions regulatory agency by providing written notice 
to the institution and the Board describing with particu-
larity the reasons that a longer period is needed to complete 
the exit interview. 
‘‘(d) EXAMINATION MATERIALS.—Upon the request of 
a financial institution, the Federal financial institutions 
regulatory agency shall include with the final report an ap-
pendix listing all examination or other factual information 
relied upon by the agency in support of a material super-
visory determination.’’. 
SEC. 3. TIMELINESS OF REQUIRED PERMISSION, REGU-
LATORY, AND REPORTING GUIDANCE. 
The Federal Financial Institutions Examination 
Council Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), as amended 
by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
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‘‘SEC. 1013. TIMELINESS OF REQUIRED PERMISSION, REGU-
LATORY, AND REPORTING GUIDANCE. 
‘‘(a) REQUEST FOR PERMISSION OR GUIDANCE.—With 
respect to an action that a financial institution is taking 
or is intending to take, the financial institution may re-
quest a written determination by the applicable Federal fi-
nancial institutions regulatory agency of— 
‘‘(1) the agency’s non-objection to the financial 
institution conducting a particular activity; 
‘‘(2) the agency’s interpretation of a law or regu-
lation; and 
‘‘(3) the agency’s interpretation of generally ac-
cepted accounting principles or accounting objectives, 
standards, and requirements. 
‘‘(b) CONTENTS OF REQUEST.—A request made under 
subsection (a) shall be in writing and contain— 
‘‘(1) the nature of the request; 
‘‘(2) applicable facts relating to the matter; 
‘‘(3) applicable law, regulation, or generally ac-
cepted accounting principles relating to the matter; 
and 
‘‘(4) a summary of the request. 
‘‘(c) RESPONSE TO REQUEST.—A Federal financial 
institutions regulatory agency receiving a request under 
subsection (a) shall, not later than 30 days after receiving 
the request— 
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‘‘(1) provide the financial institution making the 
request with written notification that the agency re-
ceived the request and stating whether the request con-
tains all of the information required under subsection 
(b); and 
‘‘(2) if the request does not contain all of the in-
formation required under subsection (b), provide the 
financial institution with an explanation of what in-
formation is missing. 
‘‘(d) PROVIDING MISSING INFORMATION.—If a Federal 
financial institutions regulatory agency informs the finan-
cial institution under subsection (c) that the request does 
not contain all the information required under subsection 
(b), the financial institution may provide the missing infor-
mation to the Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agency during the 30-day period beginning on the date the 
financial institution receives the explanation of the missing 
information under subsection (c). 
‘‘(e) DETERMINATION.—A Federal financial institu-
tions regulatory agency receiving a request under subsection 
(a) shall make a determination on the request and provide 
the financial institution with a written notice of such deter-
mination— 
‘‘(1) if the initial request contains the informa-
tion required under subsection (b), not later than the 
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end of the 60-day period beginning on the date the 
Federal financial institutions regulatory agency noti-
fies the financial institution of the receipt of the re-
quest under subsection (c); or 
‘‘(2) if the initial request does not contain the 
information required under subsection (b), but the fi-
nancial institution provides the missing information 
during the 30-day period described under subsection 
(d), not later than the end of the 60-day period begin-
ning on the date such missing information is pro-
vided; or 
‘‘(3) if the initial request does not contain the 
information required under subsection (b), and the fi-
nancial institution does not provide the missing in-
formation during the 30-day period described under 
subsection (d), not later than the end of the 60-day 
period beginning on the end of such 30-day period. 
‘‘(f) REPORTS AND PUBLICATION.—Each Federal fi-
nancial institutions regulatory agency shall, within 120 
days after making a determination under paragraph (5), 
publish a summary of the determination on the public 
website of the Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agency. Each Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agency shall redact any confidential supervisory informa-
tion about the financial institution, any identifying facts 
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about the financial institution, and any sensitive person-
ally identifiable information, and anonymize any un-re-
dacted information that could, individually or in the aggre-
gate, identify the financial institution.’’. 
SEC. 4. OFFICE OF INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION REVIEW. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Federal Financial Institutions 
Examination Council Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), 
as amended by section 3, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1014. OFFICE OF INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION RE-
VIEW. 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the 
Council an Office of Independent Examination Review (the 
‘Office’). 
‘‘(b) BOARD
OF INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION RE-
VIEW.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The head of the Office shall 
be the Board of Independent Examination Review, 
which shall be comprised of 3 members, appointed by 
the President, by and with the advice and consent of 
the Senate. 
‘‘(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—The President shall ap-
point the 1 member of the Board from each of the fol-
lowing classes of individuals: 
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‘‘(A) Individuals who have been employed 
by a Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agency. 
‘‘(B) Individuals who— 
‘‘(i) are a licensed attorney or a cer-
tified public accountant authorized to prac-
tice under the laws of a State, the District 
of Columbia, or a territory of the United 
States; 
‘‘(ii) have either academic or private 
sector experience; 
‘‘(iii) have relevant work-related expe-
rience in consumer affairs or compliance 
with consumer protection laws with respect 
to financial institutions; and 
‘‘(iv) are not, and were not during the 
previous 10-year period, employed by a 
Federal banking agency, a Federal reserve 
bank, or the National Credit Union Admin-
istration. 
‘‘(C) Individuals— 
‘‘(i) with at least 10 years private sec-
tor financial services senior management- 
level experience; and 
‘‘(ii) recommended by— 
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‘‘(I) an insured depository insti-
tution; 
‘‘(II) an insured credit union; or 
‘‘(III) a trade association for such 
institutions or credit unions. 
‘‘(3) PROHIBITION
ON
CERTAIN
INDIVIDUALS 
SERVING AS A BOARD MEMBER.—The President may 
not appoint an individual as a member of the Board 
if the individual— 
‘‘(A) is, or was during the previous 2-year 
period, employed by a Federal financial institu-
tions regulatory agency or a Federal reserve 
bank; 
‘‘(B) is, or was during the previous 2-year 
period, employed by a financial institution; or 
‘‘(C) is reporting, or was reporting in the 
past 5 years, directly or indirectly to a Federal 
financial institutions regulatory agency official 
who makes material supervisory determinations. 
‘‘(4) CONSULTATION.—In appointing members of 
the Board, the President shall consult with the Fed-
eral financial institutions regulatory agencies and fi-
nancial institutions. 
‘‘(5) TERM.— 
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‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Each member of the 
Board shall serve for a term of 3 years. 
‘‘(B) TERM
LIMITATION.—No individual 
may serve more than 2 full terms on the Board. 
‘‘(6) POLITICAL AFFILIATION.—Not more than 2 
members of the Board shall be members of the same 
political party. 
‘‘(7) QUORUM.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—3 members of the Board 
shall constitute a quorum. 
‘‘(B) INITIAL
QUORUM.—During the 6- 
month period beginning on the date of enactment 
of this section, 1 member of the Board shall con-
stitute a quorum until the Board has 3 members. 
‘‘(c) STAFFING.—The Board is authorized to hire staff 
to support the activities of the Office of Independent Exam-
ination Review. One-fifth of the costs and expenses of the 
Office, including the salaries of its employees, shall be paid 
by each of the Federal financial institutions regulatory 
agencies. Annual assessments for such share shall be levied 
by the Council based upon its projected budget for the year, 
and additional assessments may be made during the year 
if necessary. 
‘‘(d) DUTIES.—The Board shall— 
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‘‘(1) receive and, at the discretion of the Board, 
investigate complaints from financial institutions, 
their representatives, or another entity acting on be-
half of such institutions, concerning examinations, ex-
amination practices, or examination reports; 
‘‘(2) hold meetings, at least once every three 
months and in locations designed to encourage par-
ticipation from all sections of the United States, with 
financial institutions, their representatives, or an-
other entity acting on behalf of such institutions, to 
discuss examination procedures, examination prac-
tices, or examination policies; 
‘‘(3) review examination procedures of the Fed-
eral financial institutions regulatory agencies to en-
sure that the written examination policies of those 
agencies are being followed in practice and adhere to 
the standards for consistency; 
‘‘(4) conduct a continuing and regular program 
of examination quality assurance for all examination 
types conducted by the Federal financial institutions 
regulatory agencies; 
‘‘(5) carry out an independent review of any su-
pervisory appeal initiated under section 1015; and 
‘‘(6) report annually to the Committee on Finan-
cial Services of the House of Representatives, the 
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Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 
of the Senate, and the Council, on the reviews carried 
out pursuant to paragraphs (3) and (5), including 
compliance with the requirements set forth in section 
1013 regarding timeliness of examination reports, 
and the Board’s recommendations for improvements 
in examination procedures, practices, and policies. 
‘‘(e) CONFIDENTIALITY.—The Board and the Council 
shall keep confidential— 
‘‘(1) all meetings, discussions, and information 
provided by financial institutions and Federal finan-
cial institutions regulator agencies that involve con-
fidential supervisory information or privileged infor-
mation; 
‘‘(2) all information and communications ex-
changed between a financial institution and the Office 
of Independent Examination Review; and 
‘‘(3) all information and communications ex-
changed between a Federal financial institutions reg-
ulator agency and the Office of Independent Exam-
ination Review.’’. 
(b) DEFINITIONS.—Section 1003 of the Federal Finan-
cial Institutions Examination Council Act of 1978 (12 
U.S.C. 3302) is amended— 
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(1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) the term ‘Board’ means the Board of Inde-
pendent Examination Review established under sec-
tion 1014(b); 
‘‘(5) the term ‘material supervisory determina-
tion’ has the meaning given such term in section 
309(c) of the Riegle Community Development and 
Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994; 
‘‘(6) the term ‘insured depository institution’ has 
the meaning given that term in section 3 of the Fed-
eral Deposit Insurance Act; and 
‘‘(7) the term ‘insured credit union’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 101 of the Federal 
Credit Union Act.’’. 
SEC. 5. RIGHT TO INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF MATERIAL SU-
PERVISORY DETERMINATIONS. 
The Federal Financial Institutions Examination 
Council Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), as amended 
by section 4, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
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‘‘SEC. 1015. RIGHT TO INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF MATERIAL 
SUPERVISORY DETERMINATIONS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—A financial institution shall have 
the right to obtain an independent review, as described in 
this section, of a material supervisory determination con-
tained in a final report of examination. 
‘‘(b) NOTICE.— 
‘‘(1) TIMING.—A financial institution seeking re-
view of a material supervisory determination under 
this section shall file a written notice with the Board 
within 60 days after receiving the final report of ex-
amination that is the subject of such review. 
‘‘(2) EXTENSION.—The institution may file a 
written request with the Board for an extension of the 
60-day time period described under paragraph (1), 
which shall state good cause for granting the exten-
sion. Such request shall be granted in the sole discre-
tion of the Board. 
‘‘(3) IDENTIFICATION OF DETERMINATION.—The 
written notice shall— 
‘‘(A) identify the material supervisory de-
termination that is the subject of the requested 
independent examination review; 
‘‘(B) state the reasons why the institution 
believes that the material supervisory determina-
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tion is incorrect or should otherwise be modified; 
and 
‘‘(C) include— 
‘‘(i) a clear and complete statement of 
all relevant facts and issues; 
‘‘(ii) all arguments that the institution 
wishes to present; and 
‘‘(iii) all relevant and material docu-
ments in the possession of the institution 
that the institution wishes to be considered. 
‘‘(4) INFORMATION MADE AVAILABLE TO INSTITU-
TION.—An institution seeking an appeal of a mate-
rial supervisory determination may, not later than 7 
days after receiving the final examination report, re-
quest that the Federal financial institutions regu-
latory agency that made the material supervisory de-
termination provide the institution with all examina-
tion and factual information relied upon by the agen-
cy in making the material supervisory determination. 
The agency shall provide that information to the in-
stitution not later than 14 days after receiving the re-
quest. 
‘‘(c) DETERMINATION; RIGHT TO HEARING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall— 
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‘‘(A) determine the merits of the appeal on 
the record, including whether the material super-
visory determination being appealed should be 
upheld, canceled, or modified; or 
‘‘(B) at the election of the financial institu-
tion, conduct a hearing, which shall take place 
not later than 60 days after the petition for re-
view is received by the Board. 
‘‘(2) RIGHT TO OBTAIN TESTIMONY.—A financial 
institution electing for a hearing under paragraph 
(1)(B) shall have the right the obtain testimony under 
oath from agency employees and obtain documents 
and other evidence at the hearing, or in advance of 
the hearing, according to procedures instituted by the 
Board consistent with those set forth under sections 
556 and 557 of title 5, United States Code. 
‘‘(3) BASIS OF DECISION.—The Board shall issue 
a written decision based upon the record of the exam-
ination, supplemented by the record established at 
any hearing. 
‘‘(4) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Board’s re-
view of a material supervisory determination being 
appealed under this subsection shall be de novo, and 
the Board shall not defer to the opinions of the exam-
iner or agency, but shall independently determine the 
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appropriateness of the agency’s material supervisory 
determination based upon the relevant statutes, regu-
lations, other appropriate guidance, and the evi-
dentiary record. 
‘‘(d) FINAL DECISION.—A decision by the Board on 
an independent review under this section shall— 
‘‘(1) be made not later than 60 days after the 
record has been closed; and 
‘‘(2) be deemed final agency action and shall 
bind the agency whose supervisory determination was 
the subject of the review and the financial institution 
requesting the review. 
‘‘(e) RIGHT TO JUDICIAL REVIEW.—A financial insti-
tution shall have the right to petition for review of a Board 
determination made under subsection (d) by filing a peti-
tion for review not later than 60 days after the date on 
which the decision is made in the United States Court of 
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit or the Circuit 
in which the financial institution is located. 
‘‘(f) REFERRAL OF VIOLATIONS.—If the Board, in car-
rying out this section, determines that a financial institu-
tion has violated a law or regulation, the Board shall refer 
such determination to the applicable Federal financial in-
stitutions regulatory agency. 
‘‘(g) ANNUAL REPORT.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall report an-
nually to the Committee on Financial Services of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee on Banking, 
Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate, and the 
Council on actions taken under this section, including 
the types of issues that the Board has reviewed and 
the results of those reviews, including information on 
each final determination with respect to a material 
supervisory determination. 
‘‘(2) CONFIDENTIALITY.—In reporting under 
paragraph (1), the Board shall redact information 
about individual financial institutions and any con-
fidential or privileged information shared by finan-
cial institutions, and shall anonymize any un-re-
dacted information that could, in the aggregate, iden-
tify a financial institution. 
‘‘(h) RETALIATION PROHIBITED.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A Federal financial institu-
tions regulatory agency may not— 
‘‘(A) retaliate against a financial institu-
tion, including service providers, or any institu-
tion-affiliated party, for exercising appellate 
rights under this section; or 
‘‘(B) delay or deny any agency action that 
would benefit a financial institution or any in-
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stitution-affiliated party on the basis that an ap-
peal under this section is pending under this sec-
tion. 
‘‘(2) RETALIATION.—For purposes of this sub-
section, retaliation includes delaying consideration of, 
or withholding approval of, any request, notice, or 
application that otherwise would have been approved, 
but for the exercise of a financial institution’s rights 
under this section. 
‘‘(i) RULEMAKING.—The Board shall issue rules to es-
tablish procedures for hearings described under this section, 
including that— 
‘‘(1) a financial institution may appear at the 
hearing personally or through counsel; 
‘‘(2) a financial institution may provide an oral 
and written presentation at the hearing; 
‘‘(3) the Board may ask questions of any person 
participating in the hearing; 
‘‘(4) the hearing may not involve— 
‘‘(A) a cross-examination; or 
‘‘(B) discovery; 
‘‘(5) the hearing shall not be governed by the 
Federal Rules of Evidence; and 
‘‘(6) the Board shall have a verbatim transcript 
of the hearing prepared. 
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‘‘(j) SAFETY AND SOUNDNESS EXCEPTION.—The ap-
peal of a material supervisory determination by a financial 
institution under this section shall not affect the authority 
of a Federal financial institutions regulatory agency to en-
force the material supervisory determination or to take an 
action based on such material supervisory determination, 
if the Federal financial institutions regulatory agency de-
termines that such enforcement or action is necessary to en-
sure the safety and soundness of the financial institution.’’. 
SEC. 6. ADDITIONAL AMENDMENTS. 
(a) REGULATOR APPEALS PROCESS, OMBUDSMAN, 
AND ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION.— 
(1) IN
GENERAL.—Section 309 of the Riegle 
Community Development and Regulatory Improve-
ment Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4806) is amended— 
(A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘REGU-
LATORY APPEALS PROCESS, OMBUDSMAN,’’ 
and inserting ‘‘OMBUDSMAN’’ (and by con-
forming the item relating to such section in the 
table of contents accordingly); 
(B) by striking subsections (a), (b), and (c); 
(C) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), (f), 
and (g) as subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d), re-
spectively; 
(D) in subsection (b), as so redesignated— 
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(i) in paragraph (2)— 
(I) in subparagraph (B), by strik-
ing ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(II) in subparagraph (C), by 
striking the period and inserting ‘‘; 
and’’; and 
(III) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(D) ensure that appropriate safeguards 
exist for protecting any party from retaliation 
by any agency for exercising rights under this 
subsection.’’; and 
(ii) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) RETALIATION.—For purposes of this sub-
section, retaliation includes delaying consideration of, 
or withholding approval of, any request, notice, or 
application that otherwise would have been approved, 
but for the exercise of a financial institution’s rights 
under this section.’’; and 
(E) in paragraph (1)(A) of subsection (c), 
as so redesignated— 
(i) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(ii) in clause (iii), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
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(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(iv) any issue specifically listed in an 
exam report as a matter requiring attention 
by the institution’s management or board of 
directors; and 
‘‘(v) any suspension or removal of an 
institution’s status as eligible for expedited 
processing of applications, requests, notices, 
or filings on the grounds of a supervisory or 
compliance concern, regardless of whether 
that concern has been cited as a basis for a 
material supervisory determination or mat-
ter requiring attention in an examination 
report, provided that the conduct at issue 
did not involve violation of any criminal 
law; and’’. 
(2) EFFECT.—Nothing in this subsection affects 
the authority of an appropriate Federal banking 
agency or the National Credit Union Administration 
Board to take enforcement or other supervisory ac-
tion. 
(b) FEDERAL CREDIT UNION ACT.—Section 205(j) of 
the Federal Credit Union Act (12 U.S.C. 1785(j)) is amend-
ed by inserting ‘‘the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protec-
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tion,’’ before ‘‘the Administration’’ each place that term ap-
pears. 
(c) FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXAMINATION 
COUNCIL ACT.—The Federal Financial Institutions Exam-
ination Council Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), as 
amended by sections 2 through 4 of this Act, is further 
amended— 
(1) in section 1003 (12 U.S.C. 3302)— 
(A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(1) the term ‘Federal financial institutions reg-
ulatory agencies’— 
‘‘(A) means the Office of the Comptroller of 
the Currency, the Board of Governors of the Fed-
eral Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insur-
ance Corporation, and the National Credit 
Union Administration; and 
‘‘(B) includes the Bureau of Consumer Fi-
nancial Protection for purposes of sections 1012 
through 1015;’’; and 
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking the semi-
colon at the end and inserting ‘‘, except that for 
purposes of sections 1012 through 1015, the term 
‘financial institution’ does not include a credit 
union that is not an insured credit union;’’; 
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(2) in section 1004(a)(4) (12 U.S.C. 3303), by 
striking ‘‘Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’’ 
and inserting ‘‘Bureau of Consumer Financial Pro-
tection’’; and 
(3) in section 1005 (12 U.S.C. 3304)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘One-fifth’’ and inserting 
‘‘One-fourth’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘described under section 
1003(1)(A)’’ after ‘‘agencies’’. 
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Union Calendar No. 176 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 940 
[Report No. 119–216] 
A BILL 
To amend the Federal Financial Institutions Exam-
ination Council Act of 1978 to improve the exam-
ination of depository institutions, and for other 
purposes. 
JULY 25, 2025 
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Com-
mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 
and ordered to be printed 
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