equivalent per year, more than the entire annual fos-
sil fuel emissions of India in 2018. 
(4) Limiting global temperatures below 1.5 de-
grees Celsius above preindustrialized levels requires 
rapid and significant reductions in deforestation 
globally. Cost-effective greenhouse gas emission miti-
gation from forests and land use can provide roughly 
1⁄3 of the mitigation required by 2030 to stay below 
2 degrees Celsius. 
(5) Forests contain most of the world’s terres-
trial biodiversity, providing habitats for 80 percent 
of amphibian species, 75 percent of bird species, 68 
percent of mammal species, and 60,000 different 
species of trees. 
(6) Forests are also an important source of live-
lihoods, 
food, 
and 
fuel, 
with 
more 
than 
1,600,000,000 people depending directly on forests 
for their livelihoods. 
(7) The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Plat-
form on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services found 
in 2019 that the rate of global species extinction is 
accelerating and is now tens to hundreds of times 
higher than the average rate over the last 
10,000,000 years, threatening the loss of 1,000,000 
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species, and land-use change is the direct driver with 
the largest relative impact on terrestrial ecosystems. 
(8) Deforestation in many countries is closely 
associated with violations of the rights of indigenous 
peoples and local communities and with the exploi-
tation of workers, including through the use forced 
labor and child labor, and in many cases is enabled 
by corruption, criminality, and violence against indi-
viduals defending their land rights and environment. 
(9) According to the United Nations High Com-
missioner for Human Rights, individuals defending 
the rights of communities and indigenous peoples to 
their traditional lands and environment are particu-
larly vulnerable to threats and violence and ac-
counted for roughly half of the killings of human 
rights defenders documented in 2019. 
(10) Congress has taken a number of steps to 
address the trade in illegal timber to protect legiti-
mate forestry businesses and reduce illegal logging 
globally, such as, in section 8204 of the Food, Con-
servation, and Energy Act of 2008 (Public Law 
110–246; 122 Stat. 2052), amending the Lacey Act 
Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 3371 et seq.) to 
prohibit the importation of illegal plant products, in-
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cluding such products made from illegally logged 
wood. 
(11) As with illegal timber, agricultural com-
modities produced on illegally deforested land enter 
international markets, including the United States, 
and compete with commodities produced legally. 
(12) The United States is a significant market 
for products made wholly or in part of commodities 
such as palm oil, cattle, cocoa, and rubber at risk of 
being produced on illegally deforested land. For ex-
ample, in 2020, the United States imported— 
(A) processed cowhides and beef products 
valued at more than $500,000,000 from Brazil, 
where cattle ranching is the largest driver of 
deforestation in the Amazon forest and other 
biomes, and an estimated 95 percent of all de-
forestation was not in full compliance with ap-
plicable laws; and 
(B) crude palm oil and palm kernel oil val-
ued at more than $880,000,000 and oleochemi-
cals commonly derived from palm oils valued at 
more than $390,000,000, from Indonesia, 
where the expansion of palm oil plantations is 
the largest driver of deforestation, and govern-
ment audits of the sector in recent years have 
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indicated widespread noncompliance with appli-
cable laws. 
(13) The lack of traceability in the supply 
chains for such commodities and the absence of im-
porter due diligence requirements increases the risk 
that United States trade is associated with illegal 
deforestation and human rights abuses, preventing 
United States consumers from knowing where or 
how the goods they purchase were produced and 
putting companies that ensure legal sourcing at a 
competitive disadvantage. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the United States must do more to address ille-
gal deforestation from agricultural commodities, includ-
ing— 
(1) avoiding trade that incentivizes foreign gov-
ernments to allow illegal deforestation; 
(2) assisting foreign governments in eliminating 
illegal deforestation and limiting all deforestation to 
the extent practicable; 
(3) requiring that goods entering the United 
States market be subject to requirements, including 
the necessary supply chain traceability, to reduce the 
risk of association with illegal deforestation; 
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(4) preventing the United States financial sys-
tem from being used to launder proceeds from illegal 
deforestation; and 
(5) providing incentives to suppliers of the Fed-
eral Government to adopt and implement policies to 
eliminate goods produced on or from deforested land 
from their supply chains. 
SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF COMMODITIES 
PRODUCED 
ON 
ILLEGALLY 
DEFORESTED 
LAND AND PRODUCTS MADE FROM SUCH 
COMMODITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Tariff Act of 1930 is amend-
ed by inserting after section 527 (19 U.S.C. 1527) the 
following: 
‘‘SEC. 527A. PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF PRODUCTS 
MADE WHOLLY OR IN PART OF COMMODITIES 
PRODUCED 
ON 
ILLEGALLY 
DEFORESTED 
LAND. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—It shall be unlawful for any per-
son to import any product made wholly or in part of a 
covered commodity produced from land that undergoes il-
legal deforestation on or after the date of the enactment 
of the FOREST Act of 2021. 
‘‘(b) IMPORT DECLARATIONS.— 
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