(1) The Mexican wolf population has increased 
for 9 consecutive years, growing by at least 11 per-
cent in 2024. 
(2) At the end of 2024, the United States Fish 
and Wildlife Service documented a presence of at 
least 286 wild Mexican wolves and approximately 
350 captive Mexican wolves. 
(3) The United States Mexican Wolf population 
is thriving and will meet its recovery goals for gene 
diversity, population growth, and abundance. 
(4) The United States Fish and Wildlife Service 
has repeatedly moved Mexican wolf recovery goal-
posts through amended recovery plans, revised popu-
lation and genetic objectives, and reduced mitigation 
opportunities. 
(5) Current United States Fish and Wildlife re-
covery strategies and goals encompass not only the 
Mexican wolf population in the United States, but 
also in Mexico. 
(6) Americans in the Mexican Wolf Experi-
mental Population Area bear the brunt of a rapidly 
growing United States Mexican wolf population 
without any chance of recovery because of failing 
conservation activities in Mexico, a foreign country. 
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(7) Mexican wolves in the United States rou-
tinely kill livestock, pose serious safety risks to hu-
mans and pets, excessively prey upon game animals, 
and reduce recreational opportunities. 
(8) Depredation of cattle, horses, and other 
livestock by Mexican wolves financially burdens 
American farmers and ranchers living in and near 
the Mexican Wolf Experimental Population Area. 
(9) Rather than streamline Mexican wolf depre-
dation evidentiary standards to ensure ranchers are 
properly compensated for livestock losses, the Wild-
life Services division of the Animal and Plant Health 
Inspection Service imposed for a year a new stand-
ard requiring that subcutaneous hemorrhaging be 
present on carcasses as a condition of confirming 
that an animal was killed by a Mexican wolf. 
(10) Confirming that livestock were killed by 
Mexican wolves is often impossible under the newly 
adopted evidentiary standard because livestock graz-
ing areas in and near the Mexican Wolf Experi-
mental Population Area are often thousands of acres 
in size, depredations are commonly only discovered 
days after they occur, scavengers often devour live-
stock carcasses along with depredation evidence, and 
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subcutaneous hemorrhaging remains preset for a 
short period of time following depredation. 
(11) Requiring evidence of subcutaneous hem-
orrhaging is inconsistent with other widely accepted 
depredation evidentiary standards like bite marks, 
tracks, and signs of struggle, and significantly re-
duces the ability for livestock owners to be made 
whole financially after suffering losses through Mexi-
can wolf depredation. 
(12) The Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service’s opaque depredation evidentiary standards 
are not subject to a public notice and comment proc-
ess but are nevertheless blindly adopted by the 
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 
(13) The United States Fish and Wildlife Serv-
ice has refused to take or approve sufficient lethal 
removal actions against Mexican wolves despite the 
deaths, injuries, and damage caused by Mexican 
wolves leading to at least 2 counties within the Mexi-
can Wolf Experimental Population Area declaring a 
public disaster and emergency, and at least 1 Tribal 
government formally supporting such declaration 
(b) DELISTING
OF
MEXICAN
WOLF.—Notwith-
standing any other provision of law, the Mexican wolf 
(Canis lupus baileyi) is removed from the lists of threat-
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ened species and endangered species, as applicable, that 
are published pursuant to section 4 of the Endangered 
Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533). 
(c) NULLIFICATION OF RULES RELATING TO MEXI-
CAN WOLF.—The following final rules issued by the 
United States Fish and Wildlife Service with respect to 
the Mexican wolf shall have no force or effect: 
(1) The final rule titled ‘‘Endangered and 
Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Status 
for the Mexican Wolf’’ (80 Fed. Reg. 2488; pub-
lished January 16, 2015). 
(2) The final rule titled ‘‘Endangered and 
Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revision to the 
Nonessential Experimental Population of the Mexi-
can Wolf’’ (87 Fed. Reg. 39348; published July 1, 
2022). 
(d) BIFURCATION OF MEXICAN WOLF POPULATION 
CRITERIA.—If the Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) is 
listed as a threatened species or an endangered species 
under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
1531 et seq.) after the date of the enactment of this sec-
tion, the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Di-
rector of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, may 
not reference or otherwise consider— 
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(1) the status of the recovery of the Mexican 
wolf in Mexico in developing or implementing under 
section 4(f) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1533(f)) a plan 
for the Mexican wolf; or 
(2) the status of the Mexican wolf in Mexico in 
determining under section 4(c) of that Act (16 
U.S.C. 1533(c)) whether the Mexican wolf should 
be— 
(A) changed in status from an endangered 
species to a threatened species; 
(B) changed in status from a threatened 
species to an endangered species; or 
(C) removed from the lists of threatened 
species and endangered species, as applicable, 
that are published pursuant to section 4 of the 
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
1533). 
Æ 
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