I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 2874 
To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase the Federal student 
loan limits for students in flight education and training programs. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
APRIL 26, 2023 
Mr. ALLRED (for himself, Mr. COHEN, and Mrs. CHAVEZ-DEREMER) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Edu-
cation and the Workforce 
A BILL 
To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase 
the Federal student loan limits for students in flight 
education and training programs. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Flight Education Ac-
cess Act’’. 
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SEC. 2. INCREASE IN FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN LIMITS FOR 
STUDENTS 
IN 
FLIGHT 
EDUCATION 
AND 
TRAINING PROGRAMS. 
Section 455 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1087e) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (p)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘Each institution’’ and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each institution’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1) (as designated by 
subparagraph (A)), by inserting before the pe-
riod at the end the following: ‘‘and, shall, with 
respect to Federal Direct Stafford Loans and 
Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans 
made after the date of enactment of the Flight 
Education Access Act to an eligible student (as 
defined in subsection (r)), comply with the re-
quirements of paragraph (2)’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(2) ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES.—At or prior 
to the disbursement of a Federal Direct Stafford 
Loan or Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan 
after the date of enactment of the Flight Education 
Access Act to an eligible student (as defined in sub-
section (r)), the following shall be disclosed: 
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‘‘(A) The principal amount of the loan, the 
stated interest rate on the loan, the number of 
required monthly payments to be made on the 
loan (which shall be based on a standard repay-
ment plan), and the estimated number of 
months before the start of the repayment period 
for the loan (based on the expected date on 
which the repayment period is to begin or the 
deferment period is to end, as applicable). 
‘‘(B) The estimated balance to be owed by 
the borrower on such loan (including, if applica-
ble, the estimated amount of interest to be cap-
italized) as of the scheduled date on which the 
repayment period is to begin or the deferment 
period is to end, as applicable, and an estimate 
of the projected monthly payment. 
‘‘(C) An estimate of the aggregate amount 
the borrower will pay for the loan, including the 
total amount of monthly payments made over 
the life of the loan plus the amount of any 
charges for the loan, such as an origination 
fee.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(r) INCREASE IN LOAN LIMITS FOR STUDENTS IN 
FLIGHT EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS.— 
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other 
provision of this Act, the loan limits for Federal Di-
rect Stafford Loans and Federal Direct Unsub-
sidized Stafford Loans made after the date of enact-
ment of the Flight Education Access Act with re-
spect to eligible students shall be subject to this sub-
section. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(A) ELIGIBLE STUDENT.—The term ‘eli-
gible student’ means a student who is enrolled 
in an eligible undergraduate flight education 
and training program. 
‘‘(B) ELIGIBLE UNDERGRADUATE FLIGHT 
EDUCATION
AND
TRAINING
PROGRAM.—The 
term ‘eligible undergraduate flight education 
and training program’ means an undergraduate 
flight education and training program that of-
fers training for applicants seeking a commer-
cial pilot certificate and— 
‘‘(i) during the period beginning on 
the date of enactment of the Flight Edu-
cation Access Act and ending on the date 
on which 3 years of data has been collected 
pursuant to paragraph (3)(D), that meets 
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all the applicable requirements of this Act; 
and 
‘‘(ii) beginning on the date on which 
3 years of data has been collected pursuant 
to paragraph (3)(D), that meets all the ap-
plicable requirements of this Act and has 
a completion rate averaged over a 3-year 
period, as calculated under paragraph 
(3)(D) that is equal to or greater than 70 
percent. 
‘‘(C) 
UNDERGRADUATE
FLIGHT
EDU-
CATION
AND
TRAINING
PROGRAM.—The term 
‘undergraduate flight education and training 
program’— 
‘‘(i) has the meaning given the term 
by the Secretary, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration; 
‘‘(ii) shall include a flight education 
and training program offered by an eligible 
institution that is accredited by an accred-
iting agency recognized by the Secretary, 
that— 
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‘‘(I) awards undergraduate cer-
tificates or associate or bachelor de-
grees; and 
‘‘(II) provides pilot training in 
accordance with part 141 of title 14, 
Code of Federal Regulations, or any 
successor regulation; and 
‘‘(iii) shall not include a flight edu-
cation and training program certified 
under part 61 of title 14, Code of Federal 
Regulations, or any successor regulation. 
‘‘(3) LOAN
LIMITS
FOR
ELIGIBLE
UNDER-
GRADUATE FLIGHT EDUCATION AND TRAINING PRO-
GRAMS.— 
‘‘(A) LIMITS
FOR
ELIGIBLE
STUDENTS 
WHO ARE DEPENDENT STUDENTS.— 
‘‘(i) ANNUAL LIMITS.—The maximum 
annual amount of Federal Direct Unsub-
sidized Stafford Loans an eligible student 
who is a dependent student may borrow in 
any academic year (as defined in section 
481(a)(2)) or its equivalent shall be— 
‘‘(I) in the case of an eligible stu-
dent at an eligible institution who has 
not successfully completed the first 
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year of an eligible undergraduate 
flight education and training pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $20,500, if such stu-
dent is enrolled in such a pro-
gram whose length is at least one 
academic year in length; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(II) in the case of an eligible 
student at an eligible institution who 
has successfully completed the first 
year of an eligible undergraduate 
flight education and training program 
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but has not yet successfully completed 
the remainder of such program— 
‘‘(aa) $31,500; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(III) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first year and 
second years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $32,500; or 
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‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; and 
‘‘(IV) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first, second, 
and third years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $22,500; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
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that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year. 
‘‘(ii) AGGREGATE LIMITS.—The max-
imum aggregate amount of Federal Direct 
Unsubsidized Stafford Loans an eligible 
student who is a dependent student may 
borrow shall be $111,000. 
‘‘(B) LIMITS
FOR
ELIGIBLE
STUDENTS 
WHO ARE INDEPENDENT STUDENTS.— 
‘‘(i) ANNUAL LIMITS.—The maximum 
annual amount of Federal Direct Unsub-
sidized Stafford Loans an eligible student 
who is an independent student may borrow 
in any academic year (as defined in section 
481(a)(2)) or its equivalent shall be— 
‘‘(I) in the case of an eligible stu-
dent at an eligible institution who has 
not successfully completed the first 
year of an eligible undergraduate 
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flight education and training pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $24,500, if such stu-
dent is enrolled in such a pro-
gram whose length is at least one 
academic year in length; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(II) in the case of an eligible 
student at an eligible institution who 
has successfully completed the first 
year of an eligible undergraduate 
flight education and training program 
but has not yet successfully completed 
the remainder of such program— 
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‘‘(aa) $35,500; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(III) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first year and 
second years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $37,500; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
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maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; and 
‘‘(IV) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first, second, 
and third years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $27,500; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
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amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year. 
‘‘(ii) AGGREGATE LIMITS.—The max-
imum aggregate amount of Federal Direct 
Unsubsidized Stafford Loans an eligible 
student who is an independent student 
may borrow shall be $137,500. 
‘‘(C) LIMITS FOR ELIGIBLE STUDENTS RE-
CEIVING FEDERAL DIRECT STAFFORD LOANS.— 
‘‘(i) ANNUAL LIMITS.—The maximum 
annual amount of Federal Direct Stafford 
Loans an eligible student may borrow in 
any academic year (as defined in section 
481(a)(2)) or its equivalent shall, subject 
to subsection (q)(1), be— 
‘‘(I) in the case of an eligible stu-
dent at an eligible institution who has 
not successfully completed the first 
year of an eligible undergraduate 
flight education and training pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $11,000; or 
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‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(II) in the case of an eligible 
student at an eligible institution who 
has successfully completed the first 
year of an eligible undergraduate 
flight education and training program 
but has not yet successfully completed 
the remainder of such program— 
‘‘(aa) $18,000; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
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may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; 
‘‘(III) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first year and 
second years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $19,000; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
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ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year; and 
‘‘(IV) in the case of a student at 
an eligible institution who has suc-
cessfully completed the first, second, 
and third years of an eligible under-
graduate flight education and training 
program but has not yet successfully 
completed the remainder of such pro-
gram— 
‘‘(aa) $13,000; or 
‘‘(bb) if such student is en-
rolled in such a program that is 
less than one academic year, the 
maximum annual loan amount 
that such student may receive 
may not exceed the amount that 
bears the same ratio to the 
amount specified in item (aa) as 
the length of such program meas-
ured in semester, trimester, quar-
ter, or clock hours bears to one 
academic year. 
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‘‘(ii) AGGREGATE LIMITS.—The max-
imum aggregate amount of Federal Direct 
Stafford Loans an eligible student may 
borrow shall be $65,000. 
‘‘(D) DATA
COLLECTION
ON, AND
CAL-
CULATION OF, COMPLETION RATES.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary 
shall annually calculate the completion rate 
of each undergraduate flight education and 
training program at each eligible institu-
tion based on the information collected 
under clause (ii). 
‘‘(ii) 
COLLECTION
OF
INFORMA-
TION.—The Secretary shall annually col-
lect information, for each academic year, 
on— 
‘‘(I) the total number of students 
enrolled in an undergraduate flight 
education and training program at an 
eligible institution; and 
‘‘(II) those students who com-
plete such program— 
‘‘(aa) who earn a private pi-
lot’s certificate for an airplane 
category rating with a single-en-
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gine class rating while enrolled in 
such program; or 
‘‘(bb) who at the time of en-
rollment, possess such a certifi-
cate. 
‘‘(iii) CALCULATION OF COMPLETION 
RATE.—To calculate the completion rate 
described in clause (i), the Secretary 
shall— 
‘‘(I) consider as having com-
pleted, those students who earn a pri-
vate pilot’s certificate for an airplane 
category rating with a single-engine 
class rating, or who at the time of en-
rollment possess such a certificate, 
and complete the undergraduate flight 
education and training program at an 
eligible institution— 
‘‘(aa) 
that 
predominantly 
awards associate degrees, within 
200 percent of the normal time 
for completion; 
‘‘(bb) 
that 
predominantly 
awards bachelor degrees, within 
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150 percent of the normal time 
for completion; and 
‘‘(cc) 
that 
predominantly 
awards 
undergraduate 
certifi-
cates, within 200 percent of the 
normal time for completion; 
‘‘(II) consider as not having com-
pleted, those students who earn a pri-
vate pilot’s certificate for an airplane 
category rating with a single-engine 
class rating, or who at the time of en-
rollment possess such a certificate, 
and who transfer out of the under-
graduate flight education and training 
program to another program at the el-
igible institution that is not an under-
graduate flight education and training 
program or to a program that is not 
an undergraduate flight education and 
training program at another eligible 
institution; and 
‘‘(III) not include in the calcula-
tion, any student who— 
‘‘(aa) is a foreign national; 
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‘‘(bb) earns a private pilot’s 
certificate for an airplane cat-
egory rating with a single-engine 
class rating and transfers out of 
the undergraduate flight edu-
cation and training program to 
another 
undergraduate 
flight 
education and training program 
at a different eligible institution; 
or 
‘‘(cc) is enrolled in an un-
dergraduate flight education and 
training program and never earns 
a private pilot’s certificate for an 
airplane category rating with a 
single-engine class rating. 
‘‘(E) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary 
shall require each undergraduate flight 
education and training program that en-
rolls students who receive assistance under 
this part to provide the data described in 
this subparagraph that is necessary for the 
completion of the reporting requirements 
described in this subparagraph. 
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‘‘(ii) FORM OF DATA COLLECTION.— 
The Secretary shall prescribe the form and 
format of the data required to be provided 
under this subparagraph and include, at a 
minimum, the following data elements: 
‘‘(I) Student data elements nec-
essary to calculate student enrollment, 
persistence, retention, transfer, and 
completion rates. 
‘‘(II) Information disaggregated 
by gender, race, ethnicity, and socio-
economic status. 
‘‘(iii) REPORT
TO
CONGRESS.—Not 
later than 9 months after the date of en-
actment of the Flight Education Access 
Act and biennially thereafter, the Secretary 
shall submit a report to the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
the Senate, the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, 
the Committee on Education and the 
Workforce of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Transpor-
tation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives, analyzing and assessing 
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the data collected pursuant to this sub-
paragraph and conforming to the require-
ments of this subparagraph that shall in-
clude the following: 
‘‘(I) An assessment of the effec-
tiveness of the requirements under 
this subsection. 
‘‘(II) Information on enrollment, 
persistence, retention, transfer, com-
pletion, utilization of Federal financial 
aid, and unmet financial need, includ-
ing information on applicable institu-
tions. 
‘‘(III) Information on the gender, 
race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic sta-
tus of students enrolled in an under-
graduate flight education and training 
program.’’. 
SEC. 3. GAO REPORT. 
Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall— 
(1) examine and review the implementation of 
this Act and the amendments made by this Act, 
which review shall include— 
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program or looking to establish such a pro-
gram; 
(D) the Bureau of Indian Education; 
(E) an Alaska Native Corporation; 
(F) a nonprofit organization; or 
(G) a consortium of at least 2 of the enti-
ties described in subparagraphs (A) through 
(F). 
(2) ELIGIBLE PARTNERSHIP.—The term ‘‘eligi-
ble partnership’’ means a collaboration between at 
least 1 workforce partner and at least 1 educational 
partner. 
(3) ELIGIBLE UNDERGRADUATE FLIGHT EDU-
CATION AND TRAINING PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘eligi-
ble undergraduate flight education and training pro-
gram’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
455(r) Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1087e(r)). 
(4) HIGH-NEED
LOCAL
EDUCATIONAL
AGEN-
CY.—The term ‘‘high-need local educational agency’’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 200 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1021). 
(5) 
MINORITY-SERVING
INSTITUTION.—The 
term ‘‘minority-serving institution’’ means an insti-
tution described in any of paragraphs (1) through 
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(7) of section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)). 
(6) SECRETARY.—Except as otherwise provided, 
the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Edu-
cation. 
(7) WORKFORCE PARTNER.—The term ‘‘work-
force partner’’ means— 
(A) a labor organization representing air-
craft pilots; 
(B) an entity that trains pilots; 
(C) an entity that employs pilots; 
(D) a trade association, nonprofit organi-
zation, or other entity representing the interests 
of an entity described in subparagraph (A), (B), 
or (C); or 
(E) a consortium of at least 2 of the enti-
ties described in subparagraphs (A) through 
(D). 
(b) GRANT PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary, 
in consultation with Secretary of Transportation, shall 
award grants to eligible partnerships to— 
(1) support the education of future airline and 
commercial pilots; 
(2) diversify the pilot training workforce by in-
creasing the number and percentage of pilots from 
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underrepresented or non-traditional populations, 
low-income populations, and rural populations; and 
(3) generate interest and support for a career 
as an airline and commercial pilot. 
(c) APPLICATIONS.—An eligible partnership that de-
sires to receive a grant under this section shall submit an 
application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, 
and accompanied by such information as the Secretary 
may require. 
(d) PRIORITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In awarding grants under 
this section, the Secretary shall ensure that not less 
than 25 percent of the funds made available to carry 
out this section for any fiscal year are awarded to 
eligible partnerships that consist of— 
(A) a minority-serving institution with an 
eligible undergraduate flight education and 
training program or looking to establish such a 
program; 
(B) a high-need local educational agency; 
or 
(C) a consortium of entities described in 
subparagraphs (A) and (B). 
(2) EXCEPTION.—Notwithstanding paragraph 
(1), the Secretary shall reduce the amount of funds 
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made available under such paragraph if the Sec-
retary does not receive a sufficient number of appli-
cations of sufficient quality. 
(e) USES OF FUNDS.—An eligible partnership that 
receives a grant under this section shall use the grant 
funds for 1 or more of the following activities: 
(1) A scholarship program for current or pro-
spective flight education students at an eligible un-
dergraduate flight education and training program. 
(2) Operating an outreach or development pro-
gram in a local educational agency, particularly a 
high-need local educational agency, for elementary 
school, middle school, and high school students to— 
(A) introduce such students to the pilot 
profession and aviation experiences; and 
(B) recruit students from low-income, 
rural, underrepresented, or non-traditional pop-
ulations to the aviation profession. 
(3) Provide startup grants to institutions of 
higher education, particularly minority-serving insti-
tutions, to start or expand aviation programs that 
serve underrepresented communities. 
(f) MATCHING FUNDS.— 
(1) MATCH.—In order to receive a grant under 
this section, an eligible partnership shall dem-
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onstrate that the workforce partner in the partner-
ship will provide matching funds, in cash or through 
an in-kind contribution, from Federal, State, local, 
or private sources, in an amount equal to 25 percent 
of the funds provided under such grant. 
(2) EXCEPTION.—The Secretary may waive the 
matching funds requirement under paragraph (1), 
on a case-by-case basis, upon a showing of excep-
tional circumstances or financial difficulties in the 
eligible partnership. 
(g) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary, in con-
sultation with the Secretary of Transportation, shall re-
serve not more than 5 percent of the funds made available 
to carry out this section to provide technical assistance 
to— 
(1) applicants seeing to become an eligible part-
nership; and 
(2) eligible partnerships that have been award-
ed grants under this section. 
(h) AUTHORIZATION
OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
$40,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 through 
2027. 
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