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positions of each agency, including contractors and locally 
hired personnel, who are assigned to United States diplo-
matic facilities and are under the authority of a chief of 
mission pursuant to section 207 of the Foreign Service 
Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3927). 
‘‘(3) The head of an agency charged a fee under this 
section shall remit the amount of the fee to the Secretary 
of State through the Intra-Governmental Payment and 
Collection System or other appropriate means. 
‘‘(4) There shall be established on the books of the 
Treasury an account to be known as the ‘Security Capital 
Cost-Sharing Program Fund’, which shall be administered 
by the Secretary. There shall be deposited into the account 
all amounts collected by the Secretary pursuant to the au-
thority under paragraph (1), and such funds shall remain 
available until expended. Such funds shall be used solely 
for the provision of new safe, secure, functional diplomatic 
facilities that comply with all applicable legal standards, 
including those standards established under the authority 
of 
the 
Secure 
Embassy 
Construction 
and 
Counterterrorism Act of 1999. The Secretary shall include 
in the Department of State’s Congressional Presentation 
Document an accounting of the sources and uses of the 
amounts deposited into the account.
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‘‘(5) The Secretary shall not collect a fee for an au-
thorized position of an agency of the Federal Government 
that has been or would be granted a waiver pursuant to 
section 606(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Secure Embassy Construc-
tion and Counterterrorism Act of 1999 (22 U.S.C. 
4865(a)(2)(B)(i)). 
‘‘(6) In this subsection—
‘‘(A) the term ‘agency of the Federal Govern-
ment’—
‘‘(i) includes the Interagency Cooperative 
Administrative Support Service; and 
‘‘(ii) does not include the Marine Security 
Guard; and 
‘‘(B) the term ‘United States diplomatic facil-
ity’ has the meaning given that term in section 603 
of 
the 
Secure 
Embassy 
Construction 
and 
Counterterrorism Act of 1999 (22 U.S.C. 4865 
note).’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by 
subsection (a) shall take effect on October 1, 2004.
SEC. 228. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE ADMINISTRATIVE SUB-
POENAS. 
Section 37 of the State Department Basic Authorities 
Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2709) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new subsection:
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‘‘(d) ADMINISTRATIVE SUBPOENAS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If the Secretary determines 
that there is an imminent threat against a person, 
foreign mission, or international organization pro-
tected under the authority of subsection (a)(3), the 
Secretary may issue in writing, and cause to be 
served, a subpoena requiring—
‘‘(A) the production of any records or 
other items relevant to the threat; and 
‘‘(B) testimony by the custodian of the 
items required to be produced concerning the 
production and authenticity of those items. 
‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—
‘‘(A) RETURN DATE.—A subpoena under 
this subsection shall describe the items required 
to be produced and shall specify a return date 
within a reasonable period of time within which 
the requested items may be assembled and 
made available. The return date specified may 
not be less than 24 hours after service of the 
subpoena. 
‘‘(B) NOTIFICATION
TO
ATTORNEY
GEN-
ERAL.—As soon as practicable following the 
issuance of a subpoena under this subsection,
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the Secretary shall notify the Attorney General 
of its issuance. 
‘‘(C) OTHER
REQUIREMENTS.—The fol-
lowing provisions of section 3486 of title 18, 
United States Code, shall apply to the exercise 
of the authority of paragraph (1): 
‘‘(i) Paragraphs (4) through (8) of 
subsection (a). 
‘‘(ii) Subsections (b), (c), and (d). 
‘‘(3) DELEGATION
OF
AUTHORITY.—The au-
thority under this subsection may be delegated only 
to the Deputy Secretary of State. 
‘‘(4) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than Feb-
ruary 1 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on International Relations of the 
House of Representatives a report regarding the ex-
ercise of the authority under this subsection during 
the previous calendar year.’’.
SEC. 229. ENHANCING REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT AND 
MAINTAINING THE UNITED STATES COMMIT-
MENT TO REFUGEES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following 
findings:
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(1) The United States has a longstanding tradi-
tion of providing refugee assistance and relief 
through the Department of State’s migration and 
refugee assistance account for refugees throughout 
the world who have been subjected to religious and 
other forms of persecution. 
(2) A strong refugee resettlement and assist-
ance program is a critical component of the United 
States’ strong commitment to freedom. 
(3) The United States refugee admissions pro-
gram has been in decline for much of the last five 
years, resulting in a chronic inability of the United 
States to meet the ceiling on refugee admissions that 
has been set by the President each year. 
(4) Refugee applicants have always undergone 
rigorous security screenings. The September 11, 
2001, terrorist attacks on the United States has 
rightfully increased the awareness of the need to en-
sure that all aliens seeking admission to the United 
States would not endanger the United States. 
(5) Private voluntary organizations and non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) have and con-
tinue to provide valuable information to State De-
partment officials for refugee processing, and along 
with Embassy personnel, can be utilized to assist in
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the preliminary screening of refugees so that State 
Department officials can focus to a greater extent on 
security. 
(6) Currently there are 15 million refugees 
worldwide. In order to meet the ceiling set by the 
Administration, which has been 70,000 in recent 
years, a broader cross-section could be considered 
for resettlement in the United States if the Depart-
ment of State were to expand existing refugee proc-
essing priority categories in a reasonable and re-
sponsible manner. Expansion of refugee selection 
should include the expanded use of both the existing 
category reserved for refugees of special interest to 
the United States as well as the existing categories 
reserved for family reunification. 
(b) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 
provide the Department of State with tools to enable it 
to carry out its responsibilities with greater efficiency with 
respect to the identification and processing of refugee ap-
plicants. 
(c) ENHANCEMENT OF REFUGEE IDENTIFICATION 
AND PROCESSING.—
(1) In addition to traditional agencies currently 
used in the processing of refugees for admission to 
the United States, where applicable, the Secretary
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shall develop and utilize partnerships with voluntary 
resettlement organizations that permit such organi-
zations to assist in the identification and referral of 
refugees. 
(2) In addition to traditional agencies currently 
used in the processing of refugees for admission to 
the United States, where applicable, the Secretary 
shall utilize private voluntary organizations with ties 
to domestic constituencies in the overseas processing 
of refugees. 
(3) In addition to traditional agencies currently 
used in the processing of refugees for admission to 
the United States, where applicable, the Secretary 
shall establish refugee response teams. 
(A) ESTABLISHMENT
OF
REFUGEE
RE-
SPONSE TEAMS.—In order to make the proc-
essing of refugees more efficient and effective, 
enhance the quality of refugee resettlement pro-
grams, and to augment the capacity of the 
United States government to identify, process, 
assist, and counsel individuals for eventual ad-
judication by the Department of Homeland Se-
curity as refugees, where applicable, the Sec-
retary shall establish and utilize the services of 
Refugee Response Teams, (in this section re-
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ferred to as ‘‘RRTs’’). RRTs shall be coordi-
nated by the Assistant Secretary of State for 
Population, Refugees, and Migration, or the As-
sistant Secretary’s designee. 
(B) COMPOSITION OF THE RRTS.—RRTs 
shall be comprised of representatives of non-
governmental organizations and private vol-
untary organizations that have experience in 
refugee law, policy and programs. 
(C) RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
THE
RRTS.—
RRTs shall be responsible for—
(i) monitoring refugee situations, with 
a view toward identifying those refugees 
whose best durable solution is third coun-
try resettlement; 
(ii) preparing profiles and documenta-
tion for resettlement consideration by the 
United States Government; 
(iii) augmenting or establishing an 
overseas operation, especially in response 
to urgent developments requiring quick re-
sponses or more staff resources than are 
available in the existing processing entities; 
(iv) assisting with training and tech-
nical assistance to existing international
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organizations and other processing entities; 
and 
(v) such other responsibilities as may 
be determined by the Secretary of State. 
(D) RESPONSIBILITIES
OF
THE
SEC-
RETARY.—The Secretary shall establish appro-
priate training seminars for RRT personnel and 
make use of RRTs in situations where existing 
mechanisms are unable to identify and process 
refugees in a timely manner. 
(d) PERFORMANCE
STANDARDS.—In consultation 
with private voluntary organizations and NGOs, the Sec-
retary shall establish performance standards to ensure ac-
countability and effectiveness in the tasks carried out in 
subsection (c). 
(e) CONSIDERATION OF VARIOUS GROUPS.—To en-
sure that there is adequate planning across fiscal years 
and that both the Department of State’s planning and 
processing operations result in adequate numbers of trav-
el-ready refugees to fulfill the admissions goals set forth 
in the determinations on refugee admissions required by 
sections 207(a) and 207(b) of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157(a) and (b)), the Secretary 
of State shall work to ensure that—
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(1) those refugees in special need, including 
long-stayers in first countries of asylum, unaccom-
panied refugee minors, urban refugees, and refugees 
in women-headed households be given special atten-
tion for resettlement processing; 
(2) attempts are made to expand processing of 
those refugees of all nationalities who have close 
family ties to citizens and residents in the United 
States, including spouses, unmarried children, or 
parents of persons lawfully admitted to the United 
States, regardless of their country of nationality, 
country of habitual residence, or first country of asy-
lum, as well as grandparents, grandchildren, married 
sons or daughters, or siblings of United States citi-
zens or other persons lawfully admitted to the 
United States; 
(3) attempts are made to expand the number of 
refugees considered who are of special concern to the 
United States; and 
(4) expanded access is provided to broader cat-
egories of refugees seeking admission to the United 
States, thus reducing instances of relationship-based 
misrepresentation by persons who are bona fide ref-
ugees but who resort to such misrepresentation 
merely as a way to be interviewed for refugee status.
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(f) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit a report to Congress that includes information con-
cerning the following: 
(1) Efforts of the Secretary to utilize NGO’s in 
refugee identification, utilize private voluntary orga-
nizations in processing refugees, establish and utilize 
RRTs, and an explanation of the rationale for not 
using such organizations and agencies in situations
where the Secretary has made such a determination, 
as described in subsection (c). 
(2) Efforts of the Secretary to implement per-
formance standards and measures as described in 
subsection (d) and the success of NGO’s and private 
voluntary organizations in meeting such standards. 
(3) Efforts of the Secretary to expand consider-
ation of various groups for refugee processing as de-
scribed in subsection (e). 
(4) Efforts to ensure that there is planning 
across fiscal years so as to fulfill the refugee admis-
sions goals set forth by the President in his annual 
presidential determinations on refugee admissions.
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SEC. 230. THE COLIN POWELL CENTER FOR AMERICAN DI-
PLOMACY. 
Title I of the State Department Basic Authorities Act 
of 1956 is amended by adding after section 59 (22 U.S.C. 
2730) the following new section: 
‘‘SEC. 60. COLIN POWELL CENTER FOR AMERICAN DIPLO-
MACY. 
‘‘(a) DESIGNATION.—The diplomacy center of the 
Department of State, located in the Harry S Truman 
building, is hereby designated as the ‘Colin Powell Center 
for American Diplomacy’ (hereinafter in this section re-
ferred to as the ‘Center’). 
‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES.—
‘‘(1) SUPPORT AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of 
State is authorized to provide by contract, grant, or 
otherwise, for the performance of appropriate mu-
seum visitor and educational outreach services, in-
cluding organizing conference activities, museum 
shop services, and food services, in the public exhibit 
and related space utilized by the Center. 
‘‘(2) PAYMENT OF EXPENSES.—The Secretary 
may pay all reasonable expenses of conference activi-
ties conducted by the Center, including refreshments 
and reimbursement of travel expenses incurred by 
participants.
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‘‘(3) RECOVERY OF COSTS.—Any revenues gen-
erated under the authority of paragraph (1) for vis-
itor services may be retained, as a recovery of the 
costs of operating the Center, and credited to any 
Department of State appropriation. 
‘‘(c) DISPOSITION OF CENTER ARTIFACTS AND MA-
TERIALS.—
‘‘(1) PROPERTY
OF
SECRETARY.—All historic 
documents, artifacts, or other articles permanently 
acquired by the Department of State and deter-
mined by the Secretary to be suitable for display in 
the Center shall be considered to be the property of 
the Secretary in the Secretary’s official capacity and 
shall be subject to disposition solely in accordance 
with this subsection. 
‘‘(2) SALE OR TRADE.—Whenever the Secretary 
makes the determination under paragraph (3) with 
respect to an item, the Secretary may sell at fair 
market value, trade, or transfer the item, without re-
gard to the requirements of subtitle I of title 40, 
United States Code. The proceeds of any such sale 
may be used solely for the advancement of the Cen-
ter’s mission and may not be used for any purpose 
other than the acquisition and direct care of collec-
tions.
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‘‘(3) DETERMINATIONS
PRIOR
TO
SALE
OR 
TRADE.—The determination referred to in para-
graph (2), with respect to an item, is a determina-
tion that—
‘‘(A) the item no longer serves to further 
the purposes of the Center established in the 
collections management policy of the Center; or 
‘‘(B) in order to maintain the standards of 
the collections of the Center, the sale or ex-
change of the item would be a better use of the 
item. 
‘‘(4) LOANS.—The Secretary may also lend 
items covered by paragraph (1), when not needed for 
use or display in the Center, to the Smithsonian In-
stitution or a similar institution for repair, study, or 
exhibition.’’. 
SEC. 231. INTERFERENCE WITH PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS. 
(a) OFFENSE.—Chapter 7 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘§ 117. Interference with certain protective functions 
‘‘Whoever knowingly and willfully obstructs, resists, 
or interferes with a Federal law enforcement agent en-
gaged, within the United States or the special maritime 
territorial jurisdiction of the United States, in the per-
formance of the protective functions authorized by section
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37 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 
(22 U.S.C. 2709) or section 103 of the Diplomatic Secu-
rity Act (22 U.S.C. 4802) shall be fined under this title 
or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
at the beginning of such chapter is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item:
‘‘117. Interference with certain protective functions.’’.
SEC. 232. ISSUANCE OF CONSULAR IDENTIFICATION CARDS 
BY FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
(a) 
ISSUANCE
OF
CONSULAR
IDENTIFICATION 
CARDS.—The Congress finds that foreign governments 
have been issuing consular identification cards to foreign 
nationals in the United States for purposes other than 
those intended by the Vienna Convention on Consular Re-
lations (done at Vienna on 24 April 1963). 
(b) 
ISSUANCE
OF
CONSULAR
IDENTIFICATION 
CARDS.—The issuance by foreign missions of consular 
identification cards shall be considered a benefit to a for-
eign mission under section 203(2) of the State Depart-
ment Basic Authorities Act of 1956 and shall be regulated 
by the Secretary in accordance with this section and sec-
tion 204 of that Act. 
(c) AUTHORITY TO ISSUE REGULATIONS.—Not later 
than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of State shall issue regulations consistent
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with this section with respect to the issuance by foreign 
missions in the United States of consular identification 
cards to foreign nationals residing in the United States. 
(d) CONTENT
OF REGULATIONS.—Regulations re-
ferred to in subsection (c) shall include the following re-
strictions and requirements: 
(1) NOTIFICATION
TO
THE
UNITED
STATES 
GOVERNMENT.—A foreign mission shall notify the 
Secretary of State of each consular identification 
card issued within the United States, including the 
name and current address within the United States 
of the recipient of a card. 
(2) ISSUANCE TO BONA FIDE CITIZENS OF THE 
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN.—A foreign mission may issue 
a consular identification card only to a national of 
the country represented by the foreign mission. For-
eign missions shall establish procedures to verify the 
nationality of card recipients through either national 
birth registry systems or voter registration identi-
fication systems, and bona fide documents such as 
a passport issued by the country of origin. 
(3) MAINTENANCE
OF
ACCURATE
AND
COM-
PLETE RECORDS.—A foreign mission shall maintain 
at the mission complete and accurate records of all 
consular identification cards issued and shall main-
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tain an automated record system that contains such 
records in a manner that can be rapidly accessed to 
prevent duplicate or fraudulent issuance of such 
cards. 
(4) ADDRESS CHANGE NOTIFICATION REQUIRE-
MENT.—A foreign mission shall require card recipi-
ents to notify the foreign mission of any change of 
address within 30 days after such address change. 
(5) ACCESS TO AUDIT RECORDS.—At the re-
quest of the Secretary of State, a foreign mission 
shall make available for audit and review, by the 
Secretary or the Inspector General of the Depart-
ment of State, the records of all consular identifica-
tion cards issued. 
(e) FAILURE TO ADHERE TO REGULATIONS.—
(1) If the Secretary of State determines that a 
foreign mission has issued consular identification 
cards in violation of the requirements of regulations 
related to the issuance of such cards by foreign mis-
sions and such violation potentially threatens the se-
curity of the United States or facilitates fraudulent 
or criminal acts, the Secretary of State shall notify 
the government of the country represented by the 
foreign mission that the foreign mission must sus-
pend the issuance of consular identification cards
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until compliance with applicable regulations is estab-
lished. 
(2) If the foreign mission of a country fails to 
suspend issuance of consular identification cards in 
accordance with a notification under paragraph (1), 
the Secretary of State shall direct consular officials 
in that country to cease the issuance of immigrant 
or nonimmigrant visas, or both, to nationals of that 
country until such time as the Secretary of State de-
termines that the foreign mission of that country is 
in compliance with the requirements of regulations 
related to the issuance of such cards by foreign mis-
sions. 
Subtitle C—Educational and 
Cultural Authorities 
SEC. 251. ESTABLISHMENT OF INITIATIVES FOR PREDOMI-
NANTLY MUSLIM COUNTRIES. 
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following 
findings: 
(1) Surveys indicate that, in countries of pre-
dominantly Muslim population, opinions of the 
United States and American foreign policy among 
the general public and select audiences are signifi-
cantly distorted by highly negative and hostile beliefs 
and images and that many of these beliefs and im-
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ages are the result of misinformation and propa-
ganda by individuals and organizations hostile to the 
United States. 
(2) These negative opinions and images are 
highly prejudicial to the interests of the United 
States and to its foreign policy. 
(3) As part of a broad and long-term effort to 
enhance a positive image of the United States in the 
Muslim world, a key element should be the establish-
ment of programs to promote a greater familiarity 
with American society and values among the general 
public and select audiences in countries of predomi-
nantly Muslim population. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT
OF INITIATIVES.—The Sec-
retary of State shall establish the following programs with 
countries with predominantly Muslim populations as part 
of the educational and cultural exchange programs of the 
Department of State for the fiscal years 2004 and 2005: 
(1) JOURNALISM
PROGRAM.—A program for 
foreign journalists, editors, media managers, and 
postsecondary students of journalism which, in co-
operation with private sector sponsors to include 
universities, shall sponsor workshops and profes-
sional training in techniques, standards, and prac-
tices in the field of journalism to assist the partici-
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pants to achieve the highest standards of profes-
sionalism. 
(2) ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING.—The Sec-
retary shall provide grants to United States citizens 
to work in middle and secondary schools as English 
language teaching assistants for not less than an 
academic year. If feasible, the host government or 
local educational agency shall share the salary costs 
of the assistants. 
(3) SISTER
CITY
PARTNERSHIPS.—The Sec-
retary shall expand and enhance sister-city partner-
ships between United States and international mu-
nicipalities in an effort to increase global cooperation 
at the community level. Such partnerships shall en-
courage economic development, municipal coopera-
tion, health care initiatives, youth and educational 
programs, disability advocacy, emergency prepared-
ness, and humanitarian assistance. 
(4) CIVICS
EDUCATION.—The Secretary shall 
establish a civics education program which shall de-
velop civics education teaching curricula and mate-
rials, provide training for teachers of civics, and pro-
vide English language teaching materials that are 
designed to promote civics education. Civics edu-
cation programs under this paragraph shall place
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particular emphasis on the on-site training of edu-
cators and the function of the mass media within 
that society. 
(5) YOUTH
AMBASSADORS.—The Secretary 
shall establish a program for visits by middle school 
students (to the extent feasible) and secondary 
school students to the United States during school 
holidays in their home country for periods not to ex-
ceed 4 weeks and a program for academic year study 
in the United States for secondary school students. 
Participating students shall reflect the economic, ge-
ographic, and ethnic diversity of their countries. Ac-
tivities shall include cultural and educational activi-
ties designed to familiarize participating students 
with American society and values. To the extent 
practicable, the program involving school holiday vis-
its shall be coordinated with middle and secondary 
schools in the United States to provide for school-
based activities and interactions. The Secretary shall 
encourage the establishment of direct school-to-
school linkages under the programs. 
(6) FULBRIGHT
EXCHANGE
PROGRAM.—The 
Secretary shall seek to substantially increase the 
number of awards under the J. William Fulbright 
Educational Exchange Program to graduate stu-
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dents, scholars, professionals, teachers, and adminis-
trators from the United States who are applying for 
such awards to study, teach, conduct research, or 
pursue scholarship in predominantly Muslim coun-
tries. Part of such increase shall include awards for 
scholars and teachers who plan to teach subjects re-
lating to American studies. 
(7) HUBERT
H. HUMPHREY
FELLOWSHIPS.—
The Secretary shall seek to substantially increase 
the number of Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowships 
awarded to candidates from predominantly Muslim 
countries. 
(8) LIBRARY TRAINING EXCHANGE PROGRAM.—
The Secretary shall develop an exchange program 
for postgradute students seeking additional training 
in the library sciences and related fields. 
(c) GENERAL
PROVISION.—Programs established 
under this section shall be carried out under the provisions 
of the United States Information and Educational Ex-
change Act of 1948 and the Mutual Educational and Cul-
tural Exchange Act of 1961. 
SEC. 252. DATABASE OF AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PARTICI-
PANTS IN EXCHANGE PROGRAMS. 
To the extent practicable, the Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the heads of other agencies that conduct
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international exchange and training programs, shall estab-
lish and maintain a database listing all American and for-
eign alumni of such programs in order to encourage net-
working, interaction, and communication with alumni. 
SEC. 253. REPORT ON INCLUSION OF FREEDOM AND DE-
MOCRACY ADVOCATES IN EDUCATIONAL AND 
CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS. 
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to 
the Congress a report concerning the implementation of 
section 102 of the Human Rights, Refugee, and Other 
Foreign Relations Provisions Act of 1996. The report shall 
include information concerning the number of grants to 
conduct exchange programs to countries described in such 
section that have been submitted for competitive bidding, 
what measures have been taken to ensure that willingness 
to include supporters of freedom and democracy in such 
programs is given appropriate weight in the selection of 
grantees, and an evaluation of whether United States ex-
change programs in the countries described in such section 
are fully open to supporters of freedom and democracy, 
and, if not, what obstacles remain and what measures are 
being taken to implement such policy.
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SEC. 254. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS CONCERNING EDU-
CATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PRO-
GRAM FOR FOREIGN JOURNALISTS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of 
State should work toward the establishment of a program 
for foreign journalists from regions of conflict that will 
provide professional training in techniques, standards, and 
practices in the field of journalism. 
SEC. 255. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING KOREAN FUL-
BRIGHT PROGRAMS. 
It is the sense of the Congress that Fulbright pro-
gram activities for Korea should—
(1) include participation by students from 
throughout South Korea, including proportional rep-
resentation from areas outside of Seoul; 
(2) attempt to include Korean students from a 
broad range of educational institutions, including 
schools other than elite universities; 
(3) broaden the Korean student emphasis be-
yond degree-seeking graduate students, to include 
opportunities for one-year nondegree study at 
United States campuses by pre-doctoral Korean stu-
dents; and 
(4) include a significant number of Korean stu-
dents planning to move into areas other than ad-
vanced research and university teaching, such as