IIA
107TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. J. RES. 75
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
DECEMBER 20 (legislative day, DECEMBER 18), 2001
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
JOINT RESOLUTION
Regarding inspection and monitoring to prevent the
development of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.
Whereas the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein engaged the Is-
lamic Republic of Iran, a nation of more than 55,000,000
Muslims, in a 10-year war, during which Saddam Hus-
sein used chemical weapons against Iran and his own
people;
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Whereas Saddam Hussein has pursued a policy of ethnic
cleansing against the Kurdish people, killing 5,000 Kurd-
ish civilians with a chemical attack on March 16, 1988,
and an estimated 50,000 to 182,000 in the forced reloca-
tion of Kurdish civilians in 1988;
Whereas on August 2, 1990, Iraq without provocation in-
vaded the State of Kuwait, a nation of more than
1,500,000 Muslims;
Whereas on November 29, 1990, the United Nations Security
Council adopted United Nations Security Council Resolu-
tion 678, which authorized nations cooperating with the
State of Kuwait to use all necessary means to force Iraq
to withdraw from Kuwait and to restore international
peace and security to the area;
Whereas on January 17, 1991, the regime of Saddam Hus-
sein without provocation fired 7 Scud missiles into the
State of Israel, a nation of approximately 1,000,000
Muslims and 5,000,000 Jews;
Whereas on January 17, 1991, Iraq fired Scud missiles into
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a nation of more than
20,000,000 Muslims;
Whereas on January 29, 1991, Iraq attacked the city of
Khafji in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
Whereas the regime of Saddam Hussein is a threat to its
neighbors and has demonstrated its willingness to use
weapons of mass destruction;
Whereas on February 24, 1991, a broad international coali-
tion of 38 Muslim and non-Muslim nations, including the
United States, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland, the State of Kuwait, the Arab Republic
of Egypt, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the Syrian
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Arab Republic, began a coalition ground operation to lib-
erate Kuwait;
Whereas on April 6, 1991, Iraq accepted the provisions of
United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 (April 3,
1991) bringing a formal cease-fire into effect;
Whereas, in accordance with Security Council Resolution
687, Iraq unconditionally accepted the destruction, re-
moval, or rendering harmless of ‘‘all chemical and biologi-
cal weapons and all stocks of agents and all related sub-
systems and components and all research, development,
support and manufacturing facilities related thereto’’,
and ‘‘all ballistic missiles with a range greater than one
hundred and fifty kilometers, and related major parts
and repair and production facilities’’;
Whereas, in accordance with Security Council Resolution
687, Iraq unconditionally agreed not to acquire or de-
velop any nuclear weapons, nuclear-weapons-usable mate-
rial, nuclear-related subsystems or components, or nu-
clear-related research, development, support, or manufac-
turing facilities;
Whereas Security Council Resolution 687 calls for the cre-
ation of a United Nations special commission to ‘‘carry
out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq’s biological,
chemical, and missile capabilities’’ and to assist and co-
operate with the International Atomic Energy Agency in
carrying out the ‘‘destruction, removal or rendering
harmless’’ of all nuclear-related items and in developing
a plan for the ongoing monitoring and verification of
Iraq’s compliance;
Whereas, in accordance with Security Council Resolution
687, the process of destruction, removal, or rendering
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harmless of Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction was to
have been completed within 45 days of approval by the
United Nations Security Council of the weapons inspec-
tors’ plan for doing so;
Whereas Iraq has now been in breach of this requirement for
more than a decade;
Whereas the regime of Saddam Hussein consistently impeded
the work of United Nations weapons inspectors in Iraq
between 1991 and 1998 by denying them access to cru-
cial sites and documents and by obstructing their work
in numerous other ways;
Whereas on October 31, 1998, Iraq banned the United Na-
tions weapons inspectors despite its agreement and obli-
gation to comply with Security Council Resolution 687;
Whereas on December 15, 1998, the chief United Nations
weapons inspector reported that Iraq was withholding co-
operation;
Whereas Congress declared in Public Law 105–235 (112
Stat. 1538) that ‘‘the Government of Iraq is in material
and unacceptable breach of its international obligations,
and therefore the President is urged to take appropriate
action, in accordance with the Constitution and relevant
laws of the United States, to bring Iraq into compliance
with its international obligations’’;
Whereas Security Council Resolution 687 was adopted under
chapter VII of the United Nations Charter and violations
of such resolution that threaten international peace and
security may be dealt with through military action pursu-
ant to Security Council Resolution 678;
Whereas the United States has reported that a high risk ex-
ists that Iraq has continued to develop weapons of mass
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destruction since the expulsion of United Nations weap-
ons inspectors, in violation of Security Council Resolution
687 and subsequent resolutions;
Whereas such development is a threat to the United States
and its friends and allies in the Middle East;
Whereas Congress declared in Public Law 105–338 (112
Stat. 3178) that it should be ‘‘the policy of the United
States to support efforts to remove the regime headed by
Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq and to promote the
emergence of a democratic government to replace that re-
gime’’;
Whereas the attacks of September 11, 2001, illustrate the
global reach of terrorists;
Whereas numerous terrorist groups are seeking to acquire
weapons of mass destruction;
Whereas Iraq is a sponsor of terrorism and has trained mem-
bers of several terrorist organizations;
Whereas the regime of Saddam Hussein plotted to assas-
sinate former President George Bush during his visit to
the State of Kuwait in 1993;
Whereas the President has stated that ‘‘any nation that con-
tinues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by
the United States as a hostile regime’’ and has com-
mitted to ‘‘pursue nations that provide aid or safe haven
to terrorism’’; and
Whereas on November 26, 2001, President Bush warned that
any nation that develops weapons of mass destruction in
order to ‘‘terrorize’’ others ‘‘will be held accountable’’:
Now, therefore, be it
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Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That—
(1) the United States and the United Nations
Security Council should insist on a complete pro-
gram of inspection and monitoring to prevent the
development of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq;
(2) Iraq should allow United Nations weapons
inspectors ‘‘immediate, unconditional and unre-
stricted access to any and all areas, facilities, equip-
ment, records and means of transportation which
they wish to inspect’’, as required by United Nations
Security Council Resolutions 707 (August 15, 1991)
and 1284 (December 17, 1999);
(3) the United States should ensure that the
United Nations does not accept any inspection and
monitoring regime that fails to guarantee weapons
inspectors immediate, unconditional, and unre-
stricted access to any and all areas, facilities, equip-
ment, records, and means of transportation which
they wish to inspect;
(4) Iraq, as a result of its refusal to comply
with the terms of United Nations Security Council
Resolution 687 (April 3, 1991) and subsequent rel-