IB 
Union Calendar No. 68 
115TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 1677 
[Report No. 115–115, Part I] 
To halt the wholesale slaughter of the Syrian people, encourage a negotiated 
political settlement, and hold Syrian human rights abusers accountable 
for their crimes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 22, 2017 
Mr. ENGEL (for himself, Mr. ROYCE of California, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, Mr. 
DEUTCH, Mr. KINZINGER, Mr. CICILLINE, Mr. POE of Texas, Mr. KIL-
DEE, Mr. MESSER, Mr. SUOZZI, Mr. TED LIEU of California, Mrs. 
MCMORRIS RODGERS, and Mr. BEYER) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition 
to the Committees on Financial Services, and the Judiciary, for a period 
to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consider-
ation of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
concerned 
MAY 11, 2017 
Additional sponsors: Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. MOULTON, Mr. KEATING, Mr. PAS-
CRELL, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. RUSH, Mr. CA´RDENAS, Mr. HILL, Ms. MENG, 
Mr. SMITH
of Washington, Mr. VISCLOSKY, Mrs. TORRES, Mr. 
LOWENTHAL, Mr. SIRES, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, Mrs. COMSTOCK, Ms. BASS, 
Mr. MOONEY of West Virginia, Ms. JUDY CHU of California, Ms. ESTY 
of Connecticut, Ms. KELLY of Illinois, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. CHABOT, Mr. 
ROKITA, Mr. STEWART, Mrs. WAGNER, Mrs. WALORSKI, Mr. WEBER of 
Texas, Mr. YOHO, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. SCHNEIDER, Mrs. LOWEY, Mr. JOHN-
SON of Georgia, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr. HURD, Mr. CURBELO of Florida, 
Mr. POLIS, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. CONNOLLY, Mr. CAPUANO, Ms. MAX-
INE WATERS of California, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. VEASEY, Mr. BARR, Mr. 
ISSA, Mr. FOSTER, Ms. SINEMA, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, Mrs. HARTZLER, 
Mr. JENKINS of West Virginia, Mr. LAMBORN, Mr. CARBAJAL, Mr. 
MCCAUL, Mr. FARENTHOLD, Mr. COURTNEY, Mr. DELANEY, Mr. RUS-
SELL, Mr. FRANCIS ROONEY of Florida, Mrs. BROOKS of Indiana, Ms. 
TITUS, Mr. KHANNA, Mr. RENACCI, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. KNIGHT, Mr. 
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ROSS, Mr. BRENDAN F. BOYLE of Pennsylvania, Ms. FRANKEL of Flor-
ida, Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. CARSON 
of Indiana, Mr. HASTINGS, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. LAMALFA, Mr. STIVERS, 
Mr. MEEKS, Mr. BUCSHON, Mr. RASKIN, Mr. KELLY of Pennsylvania, 
Mr. WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. GALLAGHER, Mr. FRANKS of Ari-
zona, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mr. NEAL, Mr. DONOVAN, Mr. ELLISON, Mr. 
MAST, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. OLSON, Mr. REICHERT, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, 
Mr. COSTELLO of Pennsylvania, Mr. DAVID SCOTT of Georgia, Mr. LAN-
GEVIN, Mr. TIPTON, Mr. HOLLINGSWORTH, and Mr. BYRNE 
MAY 11, 2017 
Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an amendment 
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 
MAY 11, 2017 
The Committees on Financial Services and the Judiciary discharged; com-
mitted to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union 
and ordered to be printed 
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on March 22, 2017] 
A BILL 
To halt the wholesale slaughter of the Syrian people, encour-
age a negotiated political settlement, and hold Syrian 
human rights abusers accountable for their crimes. 
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 
‘‘Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2017’’. 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 
this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Sense of Congress. 
Sec. 3. Statement of policy. 
TITLE I—ADDITIONAL ACTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE 
NATIONAL EMERGENCY WITH RESPECT TO SYRIA 
Sec. 101. Sanctions with respect to Central Bank of Syria and foreign persons 
that engage in certain transactions. 
Sec. 102. Prohibitions with respect to the transfer of arms and related materials 
to Syria. 
Sec. 103. Rule of construction. 
Sec. 104. Definitions. 
TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS 
ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2012 
Sec. 201. Imposition of sanctions with respect to certain persons who are respon-
sible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed against 
citizens of Syria or their family members. 
Sec. 202. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or tech-
nologies to Syria that are likely to be used to commit human 
rights abuses. 
Sec. 203. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who hinder humani-
tarian access. 
Sec. 204. Report on certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in cer-
tain human rights abuses in Syria. 
TITLE III—REPORTS AND WAIVER FOR HUMANITARIAN-RELATED 
ACTIVITIES WITH RESPECT TO SYRIA 
Sec. 301. Briefing on monitoring and evaluating of ongoing assistance programs 
in Syria and to the Syrian people. 
Sec. 302. Assessment of potential methods to enhance the protection of civilians. 
Sec. 303. Assistance to support entities taking actions relating to gathering evi-
dence for investigations into war crimes or crimes against hu-
manity in Syria since March 2011. 
TITLE IV—SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SYRIA 
Sec. 401. Suspension of sanctions with respect to Syria. 
Sec. 402. Waivers and exemptions. 
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TITLE V—REGULATORY AUTHORITY, COST LIMITATION, AND 
SUNSET 
Sec. 501. Implementation and regulatory authorities. 
Sec. 502. Cost limitation. 
Sec. 503. Authority to consolidate reports. 
Sec. 504. Sunset. 
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 
It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) Bashar al-Assad’s murderous actions against 
the people of Syria have directly contributed to the 
deaths of more than 480,000 civilians, led to the de-
struction of more than 50 percent of Syria’s critical 
infrastructure, and forced the displacement of more 
than 14,000,000 people, precipitating one of the worst 
humanitarian crises in more than 60 years; 
(2) international actions to protect vulnerable 
populations from attack by uniformed and irregular 
forces associated with the Assad regime, including 
Hezbollah, on land and by air, including through the 
use of barrel bombs, chemical weapons, mass starva-
tion, industrial-scale torture and execution of polit-
ical dissidents, sniper attacks against pregnant 
women, and the deliberate targeting of medical facili-
ties, schools, residential areas, and community gath-
ering places, including markets, have been insufficient 
to date; 
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(3) Assad’s use of chemical weapons, including 
chlorine, against the Syrian people violates the Chem-
ical Weapons Convention, to which Syria is a party; 
(4) Assad’s abhorrent use of chemical weapons, 
most recently on April 4, 2017, in an attack on the 
town of Khan Shakhyn in which more than 90 people 
died, including women and children, and more than 
600 hundred people were injured, is condemned in the 
strongest terms; 
(5) violent attacks resulting in death, injury, im-
prisonment or threat of prosecution against humani-
tarian aid workers and diplomatic personnel, as well 
as attacks on humanitarian supplies, facilities, trans-
ports, and assets, and acts to impede the access and 
secure movement of all humanitarian personnel are 
in violation of international humanitarian law and 
impede the lifesaving work of humanitarian organiza-
tions and diplomatic institutions; and 
(6) Assad’s continued claim of leadership and 
war crimes in Syria have served as a rallying point 
for the extremist ideology of the Islamic State, Jabhat 
al-Nusra, and other terrorist organizations. 
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 
It is the policy of the United States that all diplomatic 
and coercive economic means should be utilized to compel 
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the government of Bashar al-Assad to immediately halt the 
wholesale slaughter of the Syrian people and to support an 
immediate transition to a democratic government in Syria 
that respects the rule of law, human rights, and peaceful 
co-existence with its neighbors. 
TITLE I—ADDITIONAL ACTIONS 
IN CONNECTION WITH THE 
NATIONAL EMERGENCY WITH 
RESPECT TO SYRIA 
SEC. 101. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO CENTRAL BANK OF 
SYRIA AND FOREIGN PERSONS THAT ENGAGE 
IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS. 
(a) APPLICATION OF CERTAIN MEASURES TO CENTRAL 
BANK OF SYRIA.—Except as provided in subsections (a) 
and (b) of section 402, the President shall apply the meas-
ures described in section 5318A(b)(5) of title 31, United 
States Code, to the Central Bank of Syria. 
(b) BLOCKING PROPERTY OF FOREIGN PERSONS THAT 
ENGAGE IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Beginning on and after the 
date that is 30 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the President shall impose on a foreign 
person the sanctions described in subsection (c) if the 
President determines that such foreign person, on or 
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after such date of enactment, knowingly engages in an 
activity described in paragraph (2). 
(2) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person 
engages in an activity described in this paragraph if 
the foreign person— 
(A) knowingly provides significant finan-
cial, material or technological support to (in-
cluding engaging in or facilitating a significant 
transaction or transactions with) or provides 
significant financial services for— 
(i) the Government of Syria (including 
government entities operating as a business 
enterprise) and the Central Bank of Syria, 
or any of its agencies or instrumentalities; 
or 
(ii) a foreign person subject to sanc-
tions pursuant to— 
(I) the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
et seq.) with respect to Syria or any 
other provision of law that imposes 
sanctions with respect to Syria; or 
(II) a resolution that is agreed to 
by the United Nations Security Coun-
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cil that imposes sanctions with respect 
to Syria; 
(B) knowingly— 
(i) sells or provides significant goods, 
services, technology, information, or other 
support that directly and significantly fa-
cilitates the maintenance or expansion of 
the Government of Syria’s domestic produc-
tion of natural gas or petroleum or petro-
leum products of Syrian origin in areas 
controlled by the Government of Syria or 
associated forces; 
(ii) sells or provides to the Government 
of Syria crude oil or condensate, refined pe-
troleum products, liquefied natural gas, or 
petrochemical products that have a fair 
market value of $500,000 or more or that 
during a 12-month period have an aggre-
gate fair market value of $2,000,000 or 
more in areas controlled by the Government 
of Syria or associated forces; 
(iii) sells or provides aircraft or spare 
parts, or provides significant goods, serv-
ices, or technologies associated with the op-
eration of such aircraft or air carriers to 
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any foreign person operating in areas con-
trolled by the Government of Syria or asso-
ciated forces that are used, in whole or in 
part, for military purposes; or 
(iv) sells or provides significant goods, 
services, or technology to a foreign person 
operating in the shipping (including ports 
and free trade zones), transportation, or 
telecommunications sectors in areas con-
trolled by the Government of Syria or asso-
ciated forces; 
(C) knowingly facilitates efforts by a foreign 
person to carry out an activity described in sub-
paragraph (A) or (B); or 
(D) knowingly provides significant loans, 
credits, including export credits, or financing to 
carry out an activity described in subparagraph 
(A) or (B). 
(c) SANCTIONS AGAINST A FOREIGN PERSON.—The 
sanctions to be imposed on a foreign person described in 
subsection (b) are the following: 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall exercise 
all of the powers granted to the President under the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block 
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and prohibit all transactions in property and inter-
ests in property of the foreign person if such property 
and interests in property are in the United States, 
come within the United States, or are or come within 
the possession or control of a United States person. 
(2) ALIENS INELIGIBLE FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 
OR PAROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR
PAROLE.—An 
alien who the Secretary of State or the Secretary 
of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of 
such Secretaries) knows, or has reason to believe, 
meets any of the criteria described in subsection 
(a) is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The issuing consular 
officer, the Secretary of State, or the Sec-
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retary of Homeland Security (or a designee 
of one of such Secretaries) shall revoke any 
visa or other entry documentation issued to 
an alien who meets any of the criteria de-
scribed in subsection (a) regardless of when 
issued. 
(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A rev-
ocation under clause (i)— 
(I) shall take effect immediately; 
and 
(II) shall automatically cancel 
any other valid visa or entry docu-
mentation that is in the alien’s posses-
sion. 
(3) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH UNITED NA-
TIONS
HEADQUARTERS
AGREEMENT.—Sanctions 
under paragraph (2) shall not apply to an alien if 
admitting the alien into the United States is nec-
essary to permit the United States to comply with the 
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United 
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and 
entered into force November 21, 1947, between the 
United Nations and the United States, or other appli-
cable international obligations. 
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(4) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in 
subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
1705) shall apply to a person that knowingly violates, 
attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 
violation of regulations promulgated under section 
501(a) to carry out paragraph (1) of this subsection 
to the same extent that such penalties apply to a per-
son that knowingly commits an unlawful act de-
scribed in section 206(a) of that Act. 
SEC. 102. PROHIBITIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE TRANSFER 
OF 
ARMS 
AND 
RELATED 
MATERIALS 
TO 
SYRIA. 
(a) SANCTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Beginning on and after the 
date that is 30 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the President shall impose on a foreign 
person the sanctions described in subsection (b) if the 
President determines that such foreign person, on or 
after such date of enactment, knowingly exports, 
transfers, or provides significant financial, material, 
or technological support to the Government of Syria 
to— 
(A) acquire or develop chemical, biological, 
or nuclear weapons or related technologies; 
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(B) acquire or develop ballistic or cruise 
missile capabilities; 
(C) acquire or develop destabilizing num-
bers and types of advanced conventional weap-
ons; or 
(D) acquire defense articles, defense services, 
or defense information (as such terms are defined 
under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
2751 et seq.)), if the President determines that a 
significant type or amount of such articles, serv-
ices, or information has been so acquired. 
(2) APPLICABILITY
TO
OTHER
FOREIGN
PER-
SONS.—The sanctions described in subsection (b) shall 
also be imposed on any foreign person that is a suc-
cessor entity to a foreign person described in para-
graph (1). 
(b) SANCTIONS AGAINST A FOREIGN PERSON.—The 
sanctions to be imposed on a foreign person described in 
subsection (a) are the following: 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall exercise 
all powers granted by the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the 
extent necessary to freeze and prohibit all trans-
actions in all property and interests in property of 
the foreign person if such property and interests in 
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property are in the United States, come within the 
United States, or are or come within the possession 
or control of a United States person. 
(2) ALIENS INELIGIBLE FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 
OR PAROLE.— 
(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR
PAROLE.—An 
alien who the Secretary of State or the Secretary 
of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of 
such Secretaries) knows, or has reason to believe, 
meets any of the criteria described in subsection 
(a) is— 
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
documentation to enter the United States; 
and 
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
or paroled into the United States or to re-
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 
seq.). 
(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
(i) IN GENERAL.—The issuing consular 
officer, the Secretary of State, or the Sec-
retary of Homeland Security (or a designee 
of one of such Secretaries) shall revoke any 
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visa or other entry documentation issued to 
an alien who meets any of the criteria de-
scribed in subsection (a) regardless of when 
issued. 
(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A rev-
ocation under clause (i)— 
(I) shall take effect immediately; 
and 
(II) shall automatically cancel 
any other valid visa or entry docu-
mentation that is in the alien’s posses-
sion. 
(3) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH UNITED NA-
TIONS
HEADQUARTERS
AGREEMENT.—Sanctions 
under paragraph (2) shall not apply to an alien if 
admitting the alien into the United States is nec-
essary to permit the United States to comply with the 
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United 
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and 
entered into force November 21, 1947, between the 
United Nations and the United States, or other appli-
cable international obligations. 
(4) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a vio-
lation of any regulation, license, or order issued to 
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carry out this section shall be subject to the penalties 
set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of 
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that 
commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) 
of that section. 
SEC. 103. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 
Nothing in this title shall be construed to limit the au-
thority of the President pursuant to the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.). 
SEC. 104. DEFINITIONS. 
In this title: 
(1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 
and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given such terms in 
section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1101). 
(2) FINANCIAL, MATERIAL, OR TECHNOLOGICAL 
SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘financial, material, or techno-
logical support’’ has the meaning given such term in 
section 542.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, as such section was in effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
(3) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-
son’’ means any citizen or national of a foreign coun-
try, or any entity not organized solely under the laws 
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of the United States or existing solely in the United 
States. 
(4) GOVERNMENT OF SYRIA.—The term ‘‘Govern-
ment of Syria’’ has the meaning given such term in 
section 542.305 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula-
tions, as such section was in effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
(5) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 566.312 of title 
31, Code of Federal Regulations, as such section was 
in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(6) PERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ means an in-
dividual or entity. 
(7) PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS OF 
SYRIAN ORIGIN.—The term ‘‘petroleum or petroleum 
products of Syrian origin’’ has the meaning given 
such term in section 542.314 of title 31, Code of Fed-
eral Regulations, as such section was in effect on the 
date of the enactment of this Act. 
(8) 
SIGNIFICANT
TRANSACTION
OR
TRANS-
ACTIONS; 
SIGNIFICANT
FINANCIAL
SERVICES.—A 
transaction or transactions or financial services shall 
be determined to be a significant for purposes of this 
section in accordance with section 566.404 of title 31, 
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Code of Federal Regulations, as such section was in 
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(9) SYRIA.—The term ‘‘Syria’’ has the meaning 
given such term in section 542.316 of title 31, Code 
of Federal Regulations, as such section was in effect 
on the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(10) 
UNITED
STATES
PERSON.—The 
term 
‘‘United States person’’ means any United States cit-
izen, permanent resident alien, entity organized 
under the laws of the United States (including foreign 
branches), or any person in the United States. 
TITLE 
II—AMENDMENTS 
TO 
SYRIA 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS 
AC-
COUNTABILITY ACT OF 2012 
SEC. 201. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
CERTAIN PERSONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE 
FOR 
OR 
COMPLICIT 
IN 
HUMAN 
RIGHTS 
ABUSES COMMITTED AGAINST CITIZENS OF 
SYRIA OR THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 702(c) of the Syria Human 
Rights Accountability Act of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791(c)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘(c) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall exercise 
all powers granted by the International Emergency 
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Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the 
extent necessary to freeze and prohibit all trans-
actions in all property and interests in property of 
a person on the list required by subsection (b) if such 
property and interests in property are in the United 
States, come within the United States, or are or come 
within the possession or control of a United States 
person. 
‘‘(2) ALIENS INELIGIBLE FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 
OR PAROLE.— 
‘‘(A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An 
alien who the Secretary of State or the Secretary 
of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of 
such Secretaries) knows, or has reason to believe, 
meets any of the criteria described in subsection 
(b) is— 
‘‘(i) inadmissible to the United States; 
‘‘(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or 
other documentation to enter the United 
States; and 
‘‘(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admit-
ted or paroled into the United States or to 
receive any other benefit under the Immi-
gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 
et seq.). 
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‘‘(B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 
‘‘(i) IN
GENERAL.—The issuing con-
sular officer, the Secretary of State, or the 
Secretary of Homeland Security (or a des-
ignee of one of such Secretaries) shall revoke 
any visa or other entry documentation 
issued to an alien who meets any of the cri-
teria described in subsection (b) regardless 
of when issued. 
‘‘(ii) EFFECT OF REVOCATION.—A rev-
ocation under clause (i)— 
‘‘(I) shall take effect immediately; 
and 
‘‘(II) shall automatically cancel 
any other valid visa or entry docu-
mentation that is in the alien’s posses-
sion. 
‘‘(3) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a vio-
lation of this section or any regulation, license, or 
order issued to carry out this section shall be subject 
to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a 
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person that commits an unlawful act described in 
subsection (a) of that section. 
‘‘(4) REGULATORY
AUTHORITY.—The President 
shall, not later than 180 days after the date of the en-
actment of this section, promulgate regulations as 
necessary for the implementation of this section. 
‘‘(5) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH UNITED NA-
TIONS
HEADQUARTERS
AGREEMENT.—Sanctions 
under paragraph (2) shall not apply to an alien if 
admitting the alien into the United States is nec-
essary to permit the United States to comply with the 
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United 
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and 
entered into force November 21, 1947, between the 
United Nations and the United States, or other appli-
cable international obligations. 
‘‘(6) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this 
section shall be construed to limit the authority of the 
President pursuant to the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), rel-
evant Executive orders, regulations, or other provi-
sions of law.’’. 
(b) SERIOUS HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES DESCRIBED.— 
Section 702 of the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act 
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of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791) is amended by adding at the end 
the following: 
‘‘(d) SERIOUS HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES DESCRIBED.— 
In subsection (b), the term ‘serious human rights abuses’ 
includes— 
‘‘(1) the deliberate targeting of civilian infra-
structure to include schools, hospitals, markets, and 
other infrastructure that is essential to human life, 
such as power and water systems; and 
‘‘(2) the deliberate diversion, hindering, or block-
ing of access for humanitarian purposes, including 
access across conflict lines and borders.’’. 
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by sub-
sections (a) and (b) shall take effect on the date of the enact-
ment of this Act and shall apply with respect to the imposi-
tion of sanctions under section 702(a) of the Syria Human 
Rights Accountability Act of 2012 on after such date of en-
actment. 
SEC. 202. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
THE 
TRANSFER 
OF 
GOODS 
OR 
TECH-
NOLOGIES TO SYRIA THAT ARE LIKELY TO BE 
USED TO COMMIT HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. 
Section 703(b)(2)(C) of the Syria Human Rights Ac-
countability Act of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8792(b)(2)(C)) is 
amended— 
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(1) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end; 
(2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the 
end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(iii) any article— 
‘‘(I) designated by the President 
for purposes of the United States Mu-
nitions List under section 38(a)(1) of 
the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2778(a)(1)); and 
‘‘(II) with respect to which the 
President determines is significant for 
purposes of the imposition of sanctions 
under subsection (a); or 
‘‘(iv) other goods or technologies that 
the President determines may be used by the 
Government of Syria to commit human 
rights abuses against the people of Syria.’’. 
SEC. 203. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANITARIAN AC-
CESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Syria Human Rights Account-
ability Act of 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating sections 705 and 706 as sec-
tions 706 and 707, respectively; 
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(2) by inserting after section 704 the following: 
‘‘SEC. 705. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANITARIAN AC-
CESS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose sanc-
tions described in section 702(c) with respect to each person 
on the list required by subsection (b). 
‘‘(b) LIST OF PERSONS WHO HINDER HUMANITARIAN 
ACCESS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Caesar Syria 
Civilian Protection Act of 2017, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
list of persons that the President determines have en-
gaged in deliberate diversion, hindering, or blocking 
of access for humanitarian purposes for the United 
Nations, its specialized agencies and implementing 
partners, national and international nongovern-
mental organizations, and all other actors engaged in 
humanitarian relief activities in Syria, including 
through the deliberate targeting of such humanitarian 
actors and activities in Syria and across conflict 
lines and borders. 
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‘‘(2) UPDATES
OF
LIST.—The President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
an updated list under paragraph (1)— 
‘‘(A) not later than 300 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Caesar Syria Civilian 
Protection Act of 2017 and every 180 days there-
after; and 
‘‘(B) as new information becomes available. 
‘‘(3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may con-
tain a classified annex.’’; and 
(3) in section 706 (as so redesignated), by strik-
ing ‘‘or 704’’ and inserting ‘‘704, or 705’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for 
the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 2012 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 704 
the following new item: 
‘‘Sec. 705. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who hinder humani-
tarian access.’’. 
SEC. 204. REPORT ON CERTAIN PERSONS WHO ARE RE-
SPONSIBLE FOR OR COMPLICIT IN CERTAIN 
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed re-
port with respect to whether each person described in sub-
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section (c) meets the requirements described in section 
702(b) of the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 
2012 (22 U.S.C. 8791(b)) for purposes of inclusion on the 
list of persons who are responsible for or complicit in cer-
tain human rights abuses under such section. 
(b) JUSTIFICATION.—The President shall include in 
the report required by subsection (a) a description of the 
reasons why any of the persons described in subsection (c) 
do not meet the requirements described in section 702(b) 
of the Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 2012 (22 
U.S.C. 8791(b)), including information on whether suffi-
cient credible evidence of responsibility for such abuses was 
found or whether any of the persons described in subsection 
(c) have been designated pursuant to— 
(1) Executive Order 13572 of April 29, 2011 (76 
Fed. Reg. 24787; relating to blocking property of cer-
tain persons with respect to human rights abuses in 
Syria); 
(2) Executive Order 13573 of May 18, 2011 (76 
Fed. Reg. 29143; relating to blocking property of sen-
ior officials of the Government of Syria); 
(3) Executive Order 13582 of August 17, 2011 
(76 Fed. Reg. 52209; relating to blocking property of 
the Government of Syria and prohibiting certain 
transactions with respect to Syria); or 
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(4) Executive Order 13606 of April 22, 2012 (77 
Fed. Reg. 24571; relating to blocking the property 
and suspending entry into the United States of cer-
tain persons with respect to grave human rights 
abuses by the Governments of Iran and Syria via in-
formation technology). 
(c) PERSONS DESCRIBED.—The persons described in 
this subsection are the following: 
(1) Bashar Al-Assad. 
(2) Asma Al-Assad. 
(3) Rami Makhlouf. 
(4) Bouthayna Shaaban. 
(5) Walid Moallem. 
(6) Ali Al-Salim. 
(7) Wael Nader Al-Halqi. 
(8) Jamil Hassan. 
(9) Suhail Hassan. 
(10) Ali Mamluk. 
(11) Muhammed Khadour, Deir Ez Zor Military 
and Security. 
(12) Jamal Razzouq, Security Branch 243. 
(13) Munzer Ghanam, Air Force Intelligence. 
(14) Daas Hasan Ali, Branch 327. 
(15) Jassem Ali Jassem Hamad, Political Secu-
rity. 
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(36) Reyad Abbas, Political Security. 
(37) Ali Abdullah Ayoub, Syrian Armed Forces. 
(38) Fahd Jassem Al-Freij, Defense Ministry. 
(39) Issam Halaq, Air Force. 
(40) Ghassan Al-Abdullah, General Intelligence 
Directorate. 
(41) Maher Al-Assad, Republican Guard. 
(42) Fahad Al-Farouch. 
(43) Rafiq Shahada, Military Intelligence. 
(44) Loay Al-Ali, Military Intelligence. 
(45) Nawfal Al-Husayn, Military Intelligence. 
(46) Muhammad Zamrini, Military Intelligence. 
(47) Muhammad Mahallah, Military Intel-
ligence. 
(d) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classi-
fied annex if necessary. 
(e) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Com-
mittee on Financial Services, the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and the Committee on the Judiciary of 
the House of Representatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
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the Committee on Finance, and the Committee on the 
Judiciary of the Senate. 
TITLE III—REPORTS AND WAIV-
ER FOR HUMANITARIAN-RE-
LATED ACTIVITIES WITH RE-
SPECT TO SYRIA 
SEC. 301. BRIEFING ON MONITORING AND EVALUATING OF 
ONGOING ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IN SYRIA 
AND TO THE SYRIAN PEOPLE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
and the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development shall brief the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate on the moni-
toring and evaluation of ongoing assistance programs in 
Syria and for the Syrian people, including assistance pro-
vided through multilateral organizations. 
(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The briefing re-
quired by subsection (a) shall include— 
(1) the specific project monitoring and evalua-
tion efforts, including measurable goals and perform-
ance metrics for assistance in Syria; 
(2) a description of the memoranda of under-
standing entered into by the Department of State, the 
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United States Agency for International Development, 
and their respective Inspectors General and the multi-
lateral organizations through which United States as-
sistance will be delivered that formalize requirements 
for the sharing of information between such entities 
for the conduct of audits, investigations, and evalua-
tions; and 
(3) the major challenges to monitoring and eval-
uating such programs. 
SEC. 302. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL METHODS TO EN-
HANCE THE PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report that— 
(1) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, and 
operational requirements of the establishment and 
maintenance of a no-fly zone over part or all of 
Syria, including— 
(A) the operational and legal requirements 
for United States and coalition air power to es-
tablish a no-fly zone in Syria; 
(B) the impact a no-fly zone in Syria 
would have on humanitarian and counterter-
rorism efforts in Syria and the surrounding re-
gion; and 
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(C) the potential for force contributions 
from other countries to establish a no-fly zone in 
Syria; 
(2) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, and 
operational requirements for the establishment of one 
or more safe zones in Syria for internally displaced 
persons or for the facilitation of humanitarian assist-
ance, including— 
(A) the operational and legal requirements 
for United States and coalition forces to establish 
one or more safe zones in Syria; 
(B) the impact one or more safe zones in 
Syria would have on humanitarian and counter-
terrorism efforts in Syria and the surrounding 
region; and 
(C) the potential for contributions from 
other countries and vetted non-state actor part-
ners to establish and maintain one or more safe 
zones in Syria; 
(3) assesses the potential effectiveness, risks, and 
operational requirements of other non-military means 
to enhance the protection of civilians, especially civil-
ians who are in besieged areas, trapped at borders, or 
internally displaced; and 
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(4) describes the Administration’s plan for re-
cruitment, training, and retention of partner forces, 
including— 
(A) identification of the United States part-
ner forces operating on the ground; 
(B) the primary source of strength for each 
armed actor engaged in hostilities; 
(C) the capabilities, requirements, and 
vulnerabilities of each armed actor; 
(D) the United States role in mitigating 
vulnerabilities of partner forces; and 
(E) the Administration’s measures of suc-
cess for partner forces, including— 
(i) increasing Syrian civilian security; 
and 
(ii) working toward an end to the con-
flict in Syria. 
(b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classi-
fied annex if necessary. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall be informed by consultations with the Department 
of State, the United States Agency for International Devel-
opment, the Department of Defense, and international and 
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local organizations operating in Syria or in neighboring 
countries to alleviate the suffering of the Syrian people. 
(d) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the Senate. 
SEC. 303. ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT ENTITIES TAKING AC-
TIONS RELATING TO GATHERING EVIDENCE 
FOR INVESTIGATIONS INTO WAR CRIMES OR 
CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN SYRIA SINCE 
MARCH 2011. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of law, the Secretary of State, acting through the As-
sistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor 
and the Assistant Secretary for International Narcotics and 
Law Enforcement Affairs, is authorized to provide assist-
ance to support entities that are conducting criminal inves-
tigations, building Syrian investigative capacity, sup-
porting prosecutions in national courts, collecting evidence 
and preserving the chain of evidence for eventual prosecu-
tion against those who have committed war crimes or 
crimes against humanity in Syria, including the aiding 
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and abetting of such crimes by foreign governments and or-
ganizations supporting the Government of Syria, since 
March 2011. 
(b) BRIEFING.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
brief the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate on assistance provided under subsection (a). 
TITLE 
IV—SUSPENSION 
OF 
SANCTIONS 
WITH 
RESPECT 
TO SYRIA 
SEC. 401. SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
SYRIA. 
(a) SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS.— 
(1) NEGOTIATIONS NOT CONCLUDING IN AGREE-
MENT.—If the President determines that internation-
ally recognized negotiations to resolve the violence in 
Syria have not concluded in an agreement or are like-
ly not to conclude in an agreement, the President 
may suspend, as appropriate, in whole or in part, the 
imposition of sanctions otherwise required under this 
Act or any amendment made by this Act for a period 
not to exceed 120 days, and renewable for additional 
periods not to exceed 120 days, if the President sub-
mits to the appropriate congressional committees in 
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writing a determination and certification that the 
Government of Syria has ended military attacks 
against and gross violations of the human rights of 
the Syrian people, specifically— 
(A) the air space over Syria is no longer 
being utilized by the Government of Syria and 
associated forces to target civilian populations 
through the use of incendiary devices, including 
barrel bombs, chemical weapons, and conven-
tional arms, including air-delivered missiles and 
explosives; 
(B) areas besieged by the Assad regime and 
associated forces, including Hezbollah and irreg-
ular Iranian forces, are no longer cut off from 
international aid and have regular access to hu-
manitarian assistance, freedom of travel, and 
medical care; 
(C) the Government of Syria is releasing all 
political prisoners forcibly held within the Assad 
regime prison system, including the facilities 
maintained by various security, intelligence, and 
military elements associated with the Govern-
ment of Syria and allowed full access to the 
same facilities for investigations by appropriate 
international human rights organizations; and 
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(D) the forces of the Government of Syria 
and associated forces, including Hezbollah, irreg-
ular Iranian forces, and Russian government air 
assets, are no longer engaged in deliberate tar-
geting of medical facilities, schools, residential 
areas, and community gathering places, includ-
ing markets, in flagrant violation of inter-
national norms. 
(2) NEGOTIATIONS
CONCLUDING
IN
AGREE-
MENT.— 
(A) INITIAL SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS.—If 
the President determines that internationally 
recognized negotiations to resolve the violence in 
Syria have concluded in an agreement or are 
likely to conclude in an agreement, the President 
may suspend, as appropriate, in whole or in 
part, the imposition of sanctions otherwise re-
quired under this Act or any amendment made 
by this Act for a period not to exceed 120 days 
if the President submits to the appropriate con-
gressional committees in writing a determina-
tion and certification that— 
(i) in the case in which the negotia-
tions are likely to conclude in an agree-
ment— 
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(I) the Government of Syria, the 
Syrian High Negotiations Committee 
or its internationally-recognized suc-
cessor, and appropriate international 
parties are participating in direct, 
face-to-face negotiations; and 
(II) the suspension of sanctions 
under this Act or any amendment 
made by this Act is essential to the ad-
vancement of such negotiations; and 
(ii) the Government of Syria has dem-
onstrated a commitment to a significant 
and substantial reduction in attacks on and 
violence against the Syrian people by the 
Government of Syria and associated forces. 
(B) RENEWAL
OF
SUSPENSION
OF
SANC-
TIONS.—The President may renew a suspension 
of sanctions under subparagraph (A) for addi-
tional periods not to exceed 120 days if, for each 
such additional period, the President submits to 
the appropriate congressional committees in 
writing a determination and certification that— 
(i) the conditions described in clauses 
(i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) are con-
tinuing to be met; 
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(ii) the renewal of the suspension of 
sanctions is essential to implementing an 
agreement described in subparagraph (A) or 
making progress toward concluding an 
agreement described in subparagraph (A); 
(iii) the Government of Syria and as-
sociated forces have ceased attacks against 
Syrian civilians; and 
(iv) the Government of Syria has pub-
licly committed to negotiations for a transi-
tional government in Syria and continues 
to demonstrate that commitment through 
sustained engagement in talks and sub-
stantive and verifiable progress towards the 
implementation of such an agreement. 
(3) BRIEFING
AND
REIMPOSITION
OF
SANC-
TIONS.— 
(A) BRIEFING.—Not later than 30 days 
after the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a determination and 
certification in the case of a renewal of suspen-
sion of sanctions under paragraph (2)(B), and 
every 30 days thereafter, the President shall pro-
vide a briefing to the appropriate congressional 
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(b) REGULATORY AUTHORITY.—The President shall, 
not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, promulgate regulations as necessary for the imple-
mentation of this Act and the amendments made by this 
Act. 
(c) BRIEFING TO CONGRESS.—Not less than 10 days 
before the promulgation of regulations under subsection (a), 
the President shall brief the appropriate congressional com-
mittees on the proposed regulations and the provisions of 
this Act and the amendments made by this Act that the 
regulations are implementing. 
(d) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro-
priate congressional committees’’ means— 
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Financial Services of the House of Rep-
resentatives; and 
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 
of the Senate. 
SEC. 502. COST LIMITATION. 
No additional funds are authorized to carry out the 
requirements of this Act and the amendments made by this 
Act. Such requirements shall be carried out using amounts 
otherwise authorized. 
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