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diction of the respective Federal land management 
agency. 
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretaries shall— 
(A) in carrying out an inspection and de-
contamination under paragraph (1), coordinate 
with 1 or more partners; 
(B) consult with the Aquatic Nuisance 
Species Task Force to identify potential im-
provements and efficiencies in the detection and 
management of aquatic nuisance species on 
Federal land and water; and 
(C) to the maximum extent practicable, in-
spect and decontaminate vessels in a manner 
that minimizes disruptions to public access for 
boating and recreation in noncontaminated ves-
sels. 
(3) 
PARTNERSHIPS.—The 
Secretaries 
may 
enter into a partnership to lead, collaborate with, or 
provide technical assistance to a partner— 
(A) to carry out an inspection or decon-
tamination of vessels; or 
(B) to establish an inspection and decon-
tamination station for vessels. 
(4) LIMITATION.—The Secretaries shall not 
prohibit access to vessels due solely to the absence 
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of a Federal, State, or partner’s inspection program 
or station. 
(5) EXCEPTIONS.— 
(A) AUTHORITY TO REGULATE VESSELS.— 
Nothing in this section shall be construed to 
limit the authority of the Commandant of the 
Coast Guard to regulate vessels provided under 
any other provision of law. 
(B) APPLICABILITY.—Authorities granted 
in this subsection shall not apply at locations 
where inspection or decontamination activities 
would duplicate efforts by the Coast Guard. 
(6) DATA
SHARING.—The Secretaries shall 
make available to a Reclamation State any relevant 
data gathered related to inspections or decontamina-
tions carried out under this subsection in such State. 
(c) GRANT PROGRAM
FOR RECLAMATION STATES 
FOR VESSEL INSPECTION AND DECONTAMINATION STA-
TIONS.— 
(1) VESSELS
INSPECTIONS
IN
RECLAMATION 
STATES.—Subject to the availability of appropria-
tions, the Secretary, acting through the Commis-
sioner of Reclamation, shall establish a competitive 
grant program to provide financial assistance to 
partners to conduct inspections and decontamination 
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of vessels operating in Reclamation projects, includ-
ing to purchase, establish, operate, or maintain a 
vessel inspection and decontamination station. 
(2) COST SHARE.—The Federal share of the 
cost of a grant under paragraph (1), including per-
sonnel costs, shall not exceed 75 percent. 
(3) STANDARDS.—Before awarding a grant 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall determine 
that the project is technically and financially fea-
sible. 
(4) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this sub-
section, the Secretary shall coordinate with— 
(A) each of the Reclamation States; 
(B) affected Indian Tribes; and 
(C) the Aquatic Nuisance Species Task 
Force. 
Subtitle 
C—Supporting 
Gateway 
Communities 
and 
Addressing 
Park Overcrowding 
SEC. 131. GATEWAY COMMUNITIES. 
(a) ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AND NEEDS IN GATE-
WAY COMMUNITIES.—The Secretaries— 
(1) shall collaborate with State and local gov-
ernments, Indian Tribes, housing authorities, appli-
cable trade associations, nonprofit organizations, pri-
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vate entities, and other relevant stakeholders to 
identify needs and economic impacts in gateway 
communities, including— 
(A) housing shortages; 
(B) demands on existing municipal infra-
structure; 
(C) accommodation and management of 
sustainable visitation; and 
(D) the expansion and diversification of 
visitor experiences by bolstering the visitation 
at— 
(i) existing developed locations that 
are underutilized on nearby Federal rec-
reational lands and waters that are suit-
able for developing, expanding, or enhanc-
ing recreation use, as identified by the Sec-
retaries; or 
(ii) existing developed and suitable 
lesser-known recreation sites, as identified 
under section 5(b)(1)(B), on nearby land 
managed by a State agency or a local 
agency; and 
(2) may address a need identified under para-
graph (1) by— 
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(A) providing financial or technical assist-
ance to a gateway community under an existing 
program; 
(B) entering into an agreement, right-of- 
way, or easement, in accordance with applicable 
laws; or 
(C) issuing an entity referred to in para-
graph (1) a special use permit (other than a 
special recreation permit (as defined in section 
802 of the Federal Lands Recreation Enhance-
ment Act (16 U.S.C. 6801)), in accordance 
with applicable laws. 
(b) TECHNICAL
AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
TO 
BUSINESSES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture 
(acting through the Administrator of the Rural 
Business-Cooperative Service), in coordination with 
the Secretary and the Secretary of Commerce, shall 
provide to businesses in gateway communities the 
assistance described in paragraph (2) to establish, 
operate, or expand infrastructure to accommodate 
and manage sustainable visitation, including hotels, 
campgrounds, and restaurants. 
(2) ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary of Agriculture 
may provide assistance under paragraph (1) through 
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the use of existing, or the establishment of new, en-
trepreneur and vocational training programs, tech-
nical assistance programs, low-interest business loan 
programs, and loan guarantee programs. 
(c) PARTNERSHIPS.—In carrying out this section, the 
Secretaries may, in accordance with applicable laws, enter 
into a public-private partnership, cooperative agreement, 
memorandum of understanding, or similar agreement with 
a gateway community or a business in a gateway commu-
nity. 
SEC. 132. IMPROVED RECREATION VISITATION DATA. 
(a) CONSISTENT VISITATION DATA.— 
(1) ANNUAL
VISITATION
DATA.—The Secre-
taries shall establish a single visitation data report-
ing system to report accurate annual visitation data, 
in a consistent manner, for— 
(A) each unit of Federal recreational lands 
and waters; and 
(B) land held in trust for an Indian Tribe, 
on request of the Indian Tribe. 
(2) CATEGORIES OF USE.—Within the visitation 
data reporting system established under paragraph 
(1), the Secretaries shall— 
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(A) establish multiple categories of dif-
ferent recreation activities that are reported 
consistently across agencies; and 
(B) provide an estimate of the number of 
visitors for each applicable category established 
under subparagraph (A) for each unit of Fed-
eral recreational lands and waters. 
(b) REAL-TIME DATA PILOT PROGRAM.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 5 years after 
the date of the enactment of this title, using existing 
funds available to the Secretaries, the Secretaries 
shall carry out a pilot program, to be known as the 
‘‘Real-Time Data Pilot Program’’ (referred to in this 
section as the ‘‘Pilot Program’’), to make available 
to the public, for each unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters selected for participation in the 
Pilot Program under paragraph (2)— 
(A) real-time or predictive data on visita-
tion (including data and resources publicly 
available from existing nongovernmental plat-
forms) at— 
(i) the unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters; 
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(ii) to the extent practicable, areas 
within the unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters; and 
(iii) to the extent practicable, recre-
ation sites managed by any other Federal 
agency, a State agency, or a local agency 
that are located near the unit of Federal 
recreational lands and waters; and 
(B) through multiple media platforms, in-
formation about lesser-known recreation sites 
located near the unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters (including recreation sites 
managed by any other Federal agency, a State 
agency, or a local agency), in an effort to en-
courage visitation among recreational sites. 
(2) LOCATIONS.— 
(A) INITIAL NUMBER OF UNITS.—On es-
tablishment of the Pilot Program, the Secre-
taries shall select for participation in the Pilot 
Program— 
(i) 10 units of Federal recreational 
lands and waters managed by the Sec-
retary; 
(ii) 5 units of Federal recreational 
lands and waters managed by the Sec-
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retary of Agriculture (acting through the 
Chief of the Forest Service); 
(iii) 1 unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters managed by the Sec-
retary of Commerce (acting through the 
Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration); and 
(iv) 1 unit of Federal recreational 
lands and waters managed by the Assist-
ant Secretary of Army for Civil Works. 
(B) REPORT.—Not later than 6 years after 
the date of the enactment of this title, the Sec-
retaries shall submit a report to Congress re-
garding the implementation of the pilot pro-
gram, including policy recommendations to ex-
pand the pilot program to additional units man-
aged by the Secretaries. 
(C) FEEDBACK; SUPPORT
OF
GATEWAY 
COMMUNITIES.—The Secretaries shall— 
(i) solicit feedback regarding partici-
pation in the Pilot Program from commu-
nities adjacent to units of Federal rec-
reational lands and waters and the public; 
and 
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(ii) in carrying out subparagraphs (A) 
and (B), select a unit of Federal recreation 
lands and waters to participate in the Pilot 
Program only if the community adjacent to 
the unit of Federal recreational lands and 
waters is supportive of the participation of 
the unit of Federal recreational lands and 
waters in the Pilot Program. 
(3) DISSEMINATION
OF
INFORMATION.—The 
Secretaries may disseminate the information de-
scribed in paragraph (1) directly or through an enti-
ty or organization referred to in subsection (c). 
(4) INCLUSION OF CURRENT ASSESSMENTS.— 
In carrying out the Pilot Program, the Secretaries 
may, to the extent practicable, rely on assessments 
completed or data gathered prior to the date of en-
actment of this title. 
(c) COMMUNITY PARTNERS AND THIRD-PARTY PRO-
VIDERS.—For purposes of carrying out this section, the 
Secretary concerned may— 
(1) coordinate and partner with— 
(A) communities adjacent to units of Fed-
eral recreational lands and waters; 
(B) State and local outdoor recreation and 
tourism offices; 
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(C) local governments; 
(D) Indian Tribes; 
(E) trade associations; 
(F) local outdoor recreation marketing or-
ganizations; 
(G) permitted facilitated recreation pro-
viders; or 
(H) other relevant stakeholders; and 
(2) coordinate or enter into agreements, as ap-
propriate, with private sector and nonprofit part-
ners, including— 
(A) technology companies; 
(B) geospatial data companies; 
(C) experts in data science, analytics, and 
operations research; or 
(D) data companies. 
(d) EXISTING PROGRAMS.—The Secretaries may use 
existing programs or products of the Secretaries to carry 
out this section. 
(e) PRIVACY CLAUSES.—Nothing in this section pro-
vides authority to the Secretaries— 
(1) to monitor or record the movements of a 
visitor to a unit of Federal recreational lands and 
waters; 
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(2) to restrict, interfere with, or monitor a pri-
vate communication of a visitor to a unit of Federal 
recreational lands and waters; or 
(3) to collect— 
(A) information from owners of land adja-
cent to a unit of Federal recreational lands and 
waters; or 
(B) information on non-Federal land. 
(f) REPORTS.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this title, and annually thereafter, the 
Secretaries shall publish on a website of the Secretaries 
a report that describes the annual visitation of each unit 
of Federal recreational lands and waters, including, to the 
maximum extent practicable, visitation categorized by rec-
reational activity. 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
(1) FEDERAL
RECREATIONAL
LANDS
AND 
WATERS.—The term ‘‘Federal recreational lands and 
waters’’— 
(A) has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 802 of the Federal Lands Recreation En-
hancement Act (16 U.S.C. 6801); and 
(B) includes Federal lands and waters 
managed by the National Oceanic and Atmos-
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(b) PILOT PROTOCOLS.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this title, and after public 
notice and comment, the Secretaries shall establish pilot 
protocols at not fewer than 10 land management units 
under the jurisdiction of each of the Secretaries to model 
recreation use patterns (including low-use recreation ac-
tivities and dispersed recreation activities) that may not 
be effectively measured by existing general and opportun-
istic survey and monitoring protocols. 
(c) SECRETARIES DEFINED.—In this section, the 
term ‘‘Secretaries’’ means— 
(1) the Secretary, with respect to lands under 
the jurisdiction of the Secretary; 
(2) the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through 
the Chief of the Forest Service, with respect to lands 
under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service; 
(3) the Secretary of Commerce, acting through 
the Administrator of the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration, with respect to Federal 
waters under the jurisdiction of the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration; and 
(4) the Assistant Secretary of Army for Civil 
Works, with respect to lakes and reservoirs under 
the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engi-
neers. 
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Subtitle 
D—Broadband 
Connectivity on Federal Rec-
reational Lands and Waters 
SEC. 141. CONNECT OUR PARKS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) 
APPROPRIATE
COMMITTEES
OF
CON-
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-
gress’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate; 
(B) the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate; 
(C) the Committee on Natural Resources 
of the House of Representatives; and 
(D) the Committee on Energy and Com-
merce of the House of Representatives. 
(2) BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS SERVICE.— 
The term ‘‘broadband internet access service’’ has 
the meaning given the term in section 8.1(b) of title 
47, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor reg-
ulation). 
(3) CELLULAR
SERVICE.—The term ‘‘cellular 
service’’ has the meaning given the term in section 
22.99 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (or a 
successor regulation). 
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(4) NATIONAL
PARK.—The term ‘‘National 
Park’’ means a unit of the National Park System. 
(5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Di-
rector of the National Park Service. 
(b) ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this title, the Secretary 
shall complete an assessment of National Parks to 
identify— 
(A) locations in National Parks in which 
there is the greatest need for broadband inter-
net access service, based on the considerations 
described in paragraph (2)(A); and 
(B) areas in National Parks in which there 
is the greatest need for cellular service, based 
on the considerations described in paragraph 
(2)(B). 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.— 
(A) BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS SERV-
ICE.—For purposes of identifying locations in 
National Parks under paragraph (1)(A), the 
Secretary shall consider, with respect to each 
National Park, the availability of broadband 
internet access service in— 
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(i) housing; 
(ii) administrative facilities and re-
lated structures; 
(iii) lodging; 
(iv) developed campgrounds; and 
(v) any other location within the Na-
tional Park in which broadband internet 
access service is determined to be nec-
essary by the superintendent of the Na-
tional Park. 
(B) CELLULAR SERVICE.—For purposes of 
identifying areas in National Parks under para-
graph (1)(B), the Secretary shall consider, with 
respect to each National Park, the availability 
of cellular service in any developed area within 
the National Park that would increase— 
(i) the access of the public to emer-
gency services and traveler information 
technologies; or 
(ii) the communications capabilities of 
National Park Service employees. 
(3) REPORT.—On completion of the assessment 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress, and make 
available on the website of the Department of the 
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Interior, a report describing the results of the as-
sessment. 
(c) PLAN.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years after 
the date of the enactment of this title, the Secretary 
shall develop a plan, based on the results of the as-
sessment completed under subsection (b) and subject 
to paragraph (4)— 
(A) to install broadband internet access 
service infrastructure in certain locations in Na-
tional Parks; and 
(B) to install cellular service equipment 
and infrastructure in certain areas of National 
Parks. 
(2) CONSULTATION.—In developing the plan 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consult 
with— 
(A) affected Indian Tribes; and 
(B) local stakeholders that the super-
intendent of the applicable National Park deter-
mines to be appropriate. 
(3) 
REQUIREMENTS.—The 
plan 
developed 
under paragraph (1) shall— 
(A) provide for avoiding or minimizing im-
pacts to— 
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(i) National Park viewsheds; 
(ii) cultural and natural resources; 
(iii) the visitor experience; 
(iv) 
historic 
properties 
and 
the 
viewsheds of historic properties; and 
(v) other resources or values of the 
National Park. 
(B) provide for infrastructure providing 
broadband internet access service or cellular 
service to be located in— 
(i) previously disturbed or developed 
areas; or 
(ii) areas zoned for uses that would 
support the infrastructure; 
(C) provide for the use of public-private 
partnerships— 
(i) to install broadband internet ac-
cess service or cellular service equipment; 
and 
(ii) to provide broadband internet ac-
cess service or cellular service; 
(D) be technology neutral; and 
(E) in the case of broadband internet ac-
cess service, provide for broadband internet ac-
cess service of at least— 
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(i) a 100–Mbps downstream trans-
mission capacity; and 
(ii) a 20–Mbps upstream transmission 
capacity. 
(4) LIMITATION.—Notwithstanding paragraph 
(1), a plan developed under that paragraph shall not 
be required to address broadband internet access 
service or cellular service in any National Park with 
respect to which the superintendent of the National 
Park determines that there is adequate access to 
broadband internet access service or cellular service, 
as applicable. 
SEC. 142. BROADBAND INTERNET CONNECTIVITY AT DE-
VELOPED RECREATION SITES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary and the Chief of 
the Forest Service shall enter into an agreement with the 
Secretary of Commerce to foster the installation or con-
struction of broadband internet infrastructure at devel-
oped recreation sites on Federal recreational lands and 
waters to establish broadband internet connectivity— 
(1) subject to the availability of appropriations; 
and 
(2) in accordance with applicable law. 
(b) IDENTIFICATION.—Not later than 3 years after 
the date of the enactment of this title, and annually there-
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after through fiscal year 2031, the Secretary and the 
Chief of the Forest Service, in coordination with States 
and local communities, shall make publicly available— 
(1) a list of the highest priority developed recre-
ation sites, as determined under subsection (c), on 
Federal recreational lands and waters that lack 
broadband internet; 
(2) to the extent practicable, an estimate of— 
(A) the cost to equip each of those sites 
with broadband internet infrastructure; and 
(B) the annual cost to operate that infra-
structure; and 
(3) a list of potential— 
(A) barriers to operating the infrastructure 
described in paragraph (2)(A); and 
(B) methods to recover the costs of that 
operation. 
(c) PRIORITIES.—In selecting developed recreation 
sites for the list described in subsection (b)(1), the Sec-
retary and the Chief of the Forest Service shall give pri-
ority to developed recreation sites— 
(1) at which broadband internet infrastructure 
has not been constructed due to— 
(A) geographic challenges; or 
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(B) the location having an insufficient 
number of nearby permanent residents, despite 
high seasonal or daily visitation levels; or 
(2) that are located in an economically dis-
tressed county that could benefit significantly from 
developing the outdoor recreation economy of the 
county. 
SEC. 143. PUBLIC LANDS TELECOMMUNICATIONS COOPER-
ATIVE AGREEMENTS. 
(a) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS FOR THE DEPART-
MENT OF THE INTERIOR.—The Secretary may enter into 
cooperative agreements to carry out activities related to 
communications sites on lands managed by Federal land 
management agencies, including— 
(1) administering communications use author-
izations; 
(2) preparing needs assessments or other pro-
grammatic analyses necessary to establish commu-
nications sites and authorize communications uses 
on or adjacent to Federal recreational lands and 
waters managed by a Federal land management 
agency; 
(3) developing management plans for commu-
nications sites on or adjacent to Federal recreational 
lands and waters managed by a Federal land man-
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agement agency on a competitively neutral, tech-
nology neutral, nondiscriminatory basis; 
(4) training for management of communications 
sites on or adjacent to Federal recreational lands 
and waters managed by a Federal land management 
agency; 
(5) obtaining, improving access to, or estab-
lishing communications sites on or adjacent to Fed-
eral recreational lands and waters managed by a 
Federal land management agency; and 
(6) any combination of purposes described in 
subparagraphs (1) through (5). 
(b) CLARIFICATION OF COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT 
AUTHORITY FOR THE FOREST SERVICE.—Section 8705(f) 
of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (43 U.S.C. 
1761a(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT AUTHORITY.— 
Subject to the availability of appropriations made in 
advance for such purposes, the Secretary may enter 
into cooperative agreements to carry out the activi-
ties described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of 
paragraph (4).’’. 
(c) ASSESSMENT OF RENTAL FEE RETENTION AU-
THORITY.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the en-
actment of this title, the Secretary shall conduct a com-
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prehensive assessment to evaluate the potential benefits 
of rental fee retention whereby any fee collected for the 
occupancy and use of Federal lands and waters authorized 
by a communications use authorization would be deposited 
into a special account and used solely for activities related 
to communications sites on lands and waters managed by 
the Secretary. 
Subtitle E—Public–Private Parks 
Partnerships 
SEC. 151. AUTHORIZATION FOR LEASE OF FOREST SERVICE 
ADMINISTRATIVE SITES. 
Section 8623 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
2018 (16 U.S.C. 580d note; Public Law 115–334) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(2)(D), by striking ‘‘dwell-
ing;’’ and inserting ‘‘dwelling or multiunit dwell-
ing;’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘Secretary’’ in 
the middle of the sentence and inserting ‘‘Chief of 
the Forest Service, or their designee’’; 
(3) in subsection (e)— 
(A) in paragraph (3)(B)(ii)— 
(i) in subclause (I), by inserting ‘‘such 
as housing,’’ after ‘‘improvements,’’; 
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(ii) in subclause (II), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(iii) in subclause (III), by striking 
‘‘or’’ at the end and inserting ‘‘and’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(IV) services occurring off the 
administrative site that— 
‘‘(aa) occur at another ad-
ministrative site in the same unit 
in which the administrative site 
is located or a different unit of 
the National Forest System; 
‘‘(bb) benefit the National 
Forest System; and 
‘‘(cc) support activities oc-
curring within the unit of the 
National Forest System in which 
the administrative site is located; 
or’’; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(6) LEASE TERM.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term of a lease of 
an administrative site under this section shall 
be not more than 100 years. 
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‘‘(B) REAUTHORIZATION OF USE.—A lease 
of an administrative site under this section shall 
include a provision for reauthorization of the 
use if the— 
‘‘(i) use of the administrative site, at 
the time of reauthorization, is still being 
used for the purposes authorized; 
‘‘(ii) use to be authorized under the 
new lease is consistent with the applicable 
land management plan; and 
‘‘(iii) lessee is in compliance with all 
the terms of the existing lease.’’ 
‘‘(C) SAVINGS.—A reauthorization of use 
under subparagraph (B) may include new terms 
in the use, as determined by the Chief of the 
Forest Service, or their designee.’’; 
(4) in subsection (g), by— 
(A) striking ‘‘to a leaseholder’’ after ‘‘pay-
ments’’; and 
(B) inserting ‘‘or constructed’’ after ‘‘im-
proved’’; and 
(5) in subsection (i), by striking ‘‘2023’’ each 
place it appears and inserting ‘‘2028’’. 
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SEC. 152. PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS CREATING TAN-
GIBLE SAVINGS. 
Section 101703 of title 54, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows: 
‘‘§ 101703. Cooperative management agreements 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—To facilitate the administration 
of the System, the Secretary, under such terms and condi-
tions as the Secretary considers advisable, may enter into 
an agreement with an eligible entity managing lands and 
waters located near a System unit to provide for coopera-
tive management of either a System unit or the lands and 
waters located near a System unit to promote more effec-
tive and efficient management of a System unit. The Sec-
retary may not transfer administration responsibilities for 
any System unit under this paragraph. 
‘‘(b) PROVISION OF GOODS AND SERVICES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Under a cooperative man-
agement agreement, the Secretary may acquire by 
purchase, donation, or exchange from and provide to 
an eligible entity on a reimbursable basis goods and 
services to be used by the Secretary or the eligible 
entity in the cooperative management of land and 
waters. 
‘‘(2) RETENTION OF FUNDS.—Reimbursements 
received under this section may be credited to the 
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appropriation current at the time reimbursements 
are received. 
‘‘(c) CO-LOCATION.—Under the cooperative manage-
ment agreement, the Secretary and an eligible entity may 
co-locate in offices and facilities owned or leased by either 
party. 
‘‘(d) EMPLOYEES.— 
‘‘(1) ASSIGNMENT
OF
EMPLOYEE.—The Sec-
retary may arrange an assignment under section 
3372 of title 5 of a Federal employee or an employee 
of an eligible entity as mutually agreed upon, for 
work on any Federal, State, local, or Tribal land. 
‘‘(2) EXTENSION
OF
ASSIGNMENT.—The as-
signment provided in paragraph (1) may be extended 
for any period of time determined by the Secretary 
and the eligible entity to be mutually beneficial. 
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— 
‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘eligible en-
tity’ means a State or local entity or any political 
subdivision thereof, or an Indian Tribe or Tribal or-
ganization. 
‘‘(2) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘Indian Tribe’ 
has the meaning given the term in section 4(e) of 
the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assist-
ance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304(e)). 
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‘‘(3) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means each of 
the several States, the District of Columbia, and 
each territory of the United States. 
‘‘(4) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘Tribal 
organization’ has the meaning given the term in sec-
tion 4(l) of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu-
cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304(1)).’’. 
SEC. 153. PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS TO MODERNIZE 
FEDERALLY 
OWNED 
CAMPGROUNDS, 
RE-
SORTS, CABINS, AND VISITOR CENTERS ON 
FEDERAL 
RECREATIONAL 
LANDS 
AND 
WATERS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) COVERED
ACTIVITY.—The term ‘‘covered 
activity’’ means— 
(A) a capital improvement, including the 
construction, reconstruction, and nonroutine 
maintenance of any structure, infrastructure, or 
improvement, relating to the operation of, or 
access to, a covered recreation facility; and 
(B) any activity necessary to operate or 
maintain a covered recreation facility. 
(2) COVERED
RECREATION
FACILITY.—The 
term ‘‘covered recreation facility’’ means a federally 
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owned campground, resort, cabin, or visitor center 
that is— 
(A) in existence on the date of the enact-
ment of this title; and 
(B) located on Federal recreational lands 
and waters administered by— 
(i) the Chief of the Forest Service; or 
(ii) the Director of the Bureau of 
Land Management. 
(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti-
ty’’ means— 
(A) a unit of State, Tribal, or local govern-
ment; 
(B) a nonprofit organization; and 
(C) a private entity. 
(b) PILOT PROGRAM.—The Secretaries shall estab-
lish a pilot program under which the Secretary concerned 
may enter into an agreement with, or issue or amend a 
land use authorization to, an eligible entity to allow the 
eligible entity to carry out covered activities relating to 
a covered recreation facility, subject to the requirements 
of this section and the terms of any relevant land use au-
thorization, regardless of whether the eligible entity holds, 
on the date of the enactment of this title, an authorization 
to be a concessionaire for the covered recreation facility. 
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(c) MINIMUM NUMBER OF AGREEMENTS OR LAND 
USE AUTHORIZATIONS.—Not later than 3 years after the 
date of the enactment of this title, the Secretary concerned 
shall enter into at least 1 agreement or land use authoriza-
tion under subsection (b) in— 
(1) a unit of the National Forest System in 
each region of the National Forest System; and 
(2) Federal recreational lands and waters ad-
ministered by the Director of the Bureau of Land 
Management in not fewer than 5 States in which the 
Bureau of Land Management administers Federal 
recreational lands and waters. 
(d) REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) DEVELOPMENT
PLANS.—Before entering 
into an agreement or issuing a land use authoriza-
tion under subsection (b), an eligible entity shall 
submit to the Secretary concerned a development 
plan that— 
(A) describes investments in the covered 
recreation facility to be made by the eligible en-
tity during the first 3 years of the agreement 
or land use authorization; 
(B) describes annual maintenance spend-
ing to be made by the eligible entity for each 
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year of the agreement or land use authoriza-
tion; and 
(C) includes any other terms and condi-
tions determined to be necessary or appropriate 
by the Secretary concerned. 
(2) AGREEMENTS AND LAND USE AUTHORIZA-
TIONS.—An agreement or land use authorization 
under subsection (b) shall— 
(A) be for a term of not more than 30 
years, commensurate with the level of invest-
ment; 
(B) require that, not later than 3 years 
after the date on which the Secretary concerned 
enters into the agreement or issues or amends 
the land use authorization, the applicable eligi-
ble entity shall expend, place in an escrow ac-
count for the eligible entity to expend, or de-
posit in a special account in the Treasury for 
expenditure by the Secretary concerned, without 
further appropriation, for covered activities re-
lating to the applicable covered recreation facil-
ity, an amount or specified percentage, as de-
termined by the Secretary concerned, which 
shall be equal to not less than $500,000, of the 
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anticipated receipts for the term of the agree-
ment or land use authorization; 
(C) require the eligible entity to operate 
and maintain the covered recreation facility and 
any associated infrastructure designated by the 
Secretary concerned in a manner acceptable to 
the Secretary concerned and the eligible entity; 
(D) include any terms and conditions that 
the Secretary concerned determines to be nec-
essary for a special use permit issued under 
section 7 of the Act of April 24, 1950 (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Granger-Thye Act’’) (64 
Stat. 84, chapter 97; 16 U.S.C. 580d), includ-
ing the payment described in subparagraph (E) 
or the Federal Land Policy and Management 
Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), as appli-
cable; 
(E) provide for payment to the Federal 
Government of a fee or a sharing of revenue— 
(i) consistent with— 
(I) the land use fee for a special 
use permit authorized under section 7 
of the Act of April 24, 1950 (com-
monly known as the ‘‘Granger-Thye 
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Act’’) (64 Stat. 84, chapter 97; 16 
U.S.C. 580d); or 
(II) the value to the eligible enti-
ty of the rights provided by the agree-
ment or land use authorization, taking 
into account the capital invested by, 
and obligations of, the eligible entity 
under the agreement or land use au-
thorization; and 
(ii) all or part of which may be offset 
by the work to be performed at the ex-
pense of the eligible entity that is separate 
from the routine costs of operating and 
maintaining the applicable covered recre-
ation facility and any associated infrastruc-
ture designated by the Secretary con-
cerned, as determined to be appropriate by 
the Secretary concerned; 
(F) include provisions stating that— 
(i) the eligible entity shall obtain no 
property interest in the covered recreation 
facility pursuant to the expenditures of the 
eligible entity, as required by the agree-
ment or land use authorization; 
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(ii) all structures and other improve-
ments constructed, reconstructed, or non-
routinely maintained by that entity under 
the agreement or land use authorization on 
land owned by the United States shall be 
the property of the United States; and 
(iii) the eligible entity shall be solely 
responsible for any cost associated with the 
decommissioning or removal of a capital 
improvement, if needed, at the conclusion 
of the agreement or land use authorization; 
and 
(G) be subject to any other terms and con-
ditions determined to be necessary or appro-
priate by the Secretary concerned. 
(e) LAND USE FEE RETENTION.—A land use fee 
paid or revenue shared with the Secretary concerned 
under an agreement or land use authorization under this 
section shall be available for expenditure by the Secretary 
concerned for recreation-related purposes on the unit or 
area of Federal recreational lands and waters at which the 
land use fee or revenue is collected, without further appro-
priation. 
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SEC. 154. PARKING AND RESTROOM OPPORTUNITIES FOR 
FEDERAL 
RECREATIONAL 
LANDS 
AND 
WATERS. 
(a) PARKING OPPORTUNITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretaries shall seek to 
increase and improve parking opportunities for per-
sons recreating on Federal recreational lands and 
waters— 
(A) in accordance with existing laws and 
applicable land use plans; 
(B) in a manner that minimizes any in-
crease in maintenance obligations on Federal 
recreational lands and waters; and 
(C) in a manner that does not impact wild-
life habitat that is critical to the mission of a 
Federal agency responsible for managing Fed-
eral recreational lands and waters. 
(2) AUTHORITY.—To supplement the quantity 
of parking spaces available at units of Federal rec-
reational lands and waters on the date of the enact-
ment of this title, the Secretaries may— 
(A) enter into a public-private partnership 
for parking opportunities on non-Federal land; 
(B) enter into contracts or agreements 
with State, Tribal, or local governments for 
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parking opportunities using non-Federal lands 
and resources; or 
(C) provide alternative transportation sys-
tems for a unit of Federal recreational lands 
and waters. 
(b) RESTROOM OPPORTUNITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretaries shall seek to 
increase and improve the function, cleanliness, and 
availability of restroom facilities for persons recre-
ating on Federal recreational lands and waters, in-
cluding by entering into partnerships with non-Fed-
eral partners, including State, Tribal, and local gov-
ernments and volunteer organizations. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretaries shall 
submit a report to Congress that identifies— 
(A) challenges to maintaining or improving 
the function, cleanliness, and availability of 
restroom facilities on Federal recreational lands 
and waters; 
(B) the current state of restroom facilities 
on Federal recreational lands and waters and 
the effect restroom facilities have on visitor ex-
periences; and 
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(C) policy recommendations that suggest 
innovative new models or partnerships to in-
crease or improve the function, cleanliness, and 
availability of restroom facilities for persons re-
creating on Federal recreational lands and 
waters. 
SEC. 155. PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE PROJECTS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) INDEPENDENT
EVALUATOR.—The term 
‘‘independent evaluator’’ means an individual or en-
tity, including an institution of higher education, 
that is selected by the pay-for-performance bene-
ficiary and pay-for-performance investor, as applica-
ble, or by the pay-for-performance project developer, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, to 
make the determinations and prepare the reports re-
quired under subsection (e). 
(2) NATIONAL
FOREST
SYSTEM
LAND.—The 
term ‘‘National Forest System land’’ means land in 
the National Forest System (as defined in section 
11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Re-
sources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1609(a))). 
(3) PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE AGREEMENT.—The 
term ‘‘pay-for-performance agreement’’ means a mu-
tual benefit agreement (excluding a procurement 
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contract, grant agreement, or cooperative agreement 
described in chapter 63 of title 31, United States 
Code) for a pay-for-performance project— 
(A) with a term of— 
(i) not less than 1 year; and 
(ii) not more than 20 years; and 
(B) that is executed, in accordance with 
applicable law, by— 
(i) the Secretary of Agriculture; and 
(ii) a pay-for-performance beneficiary 
or pay-for-performance project developer. 
(4) PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
BENEFICIARY.— 
The term ‘‘pay-for-performance beneficiary’’ means 
a State or local government, an Indian Tribe, or a 
nonprofit or for-profit organization that— 
(A) repays capital loaned upfront by a pay- 
for-performance investor, based on a project 
outcome specified in a pay-for-performance 
agreement; or 
(B) provides capital directly for costs asso-
ciated with a pay-for-performance project. 
(5) PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
INVESTOR.—The 
term ‘‘pay-for-performance investor’’ means a State 
or local government, an Indian Tribe, or a nonprofit 
or for-profit organization that provides upfront 
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loaned capital for a pay-for-performance project with 
the expectation of a financial return dependent on a 
project outcome. 
(6) 
PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
PROJECT.—The 
term ‘‘pay-for-performance project’’ means a project 
that— 
(A) would provide or enhance a rec-
reational opportunity; 
(B) is conducted on— 
(i) National Forest System land; or 
(ii) other land, if the activities would 
benefit National Forest System land (in-
cluding a recreational use of National For-
est System land); and 
(C) would use an innovative funding or fi-
nancing model that leverages— 
(i) loaned capital from a pay-for-per-
formance investor to cover upfront costs 
associated 
with 
a 
pay-for-performance 
project, with the loaned capital repaid by a 
pay-for-performance beneficiary at a rate 
of return dependent on a project outcome, 
as measured by an independent evaluator; 
or 
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(ii) capital directly from a pay-for-per-
formance beneficiary to support costs asso-
ciated with a pay-for-performance project 
in an amount based on an anticipated 
project outcome. 
(7) PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
PROJECT
DEVEL-
OPER.—The term ‘‘pay-for-performance project de-
veloper’’ means a nonprofit or for-profit organization 
that serves as an intermediary to assist in devel-
oping or implementing a pay-for-performance agree-
ment or a pay-for-performance project. 
(8) PROJECT
OUTCOME.—The term ‘‘project 
outcome’’ means a measurable, beneficial result 
(whether economic, environmental, or social) that is 
attributable to a pay-for-performance project and de-
scribed in a pay-for-performance agreement. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF PILOT PROGRAM.—The Sec-
retary of Agriculture shall establish a pilot program in ac-
cordance with this section to carry out 1 or more pay- 
for-performance projects. 
(c) PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE PROJECTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Using funds made available 
through a pay-for-performance agreement or appro-
priations, all or any portion of a pay-for-perform-
ance project may be implemented by— 
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(A) the Secretary of Agriculture; or 
(B) a pay-for-performance project devel-
oper or a third party, subject to the conditions 
that— 
(i) the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
approve the implementation by the pay-for- 
performance project developer or third 
party; and 
(ii) the implementation is in accord-
ance with applicable law. 
(2) 
RELATION
TO
LAND
MANAGEMENT 
PLANS.—A pay-for-performance project carried out 
under this section shall be consistent with any appli-
cable land management plan developed under section 
6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 
Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604). 
(3) OWNERSHIP.— 
(A) NEW
IMPROVEMENTS.—The United 
States shall have title to any improvements in-
stalled on National Forest System land as part 
of a pay-for-performance project. 
(B) EXISTING IMPROVEMENTS.—Investing 
in, conducting, or completing a pay-for-perform-
ance project on National Forest System land 
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shall not affect the title of the United States 
to— 
(i) any federally owned improvements 
involved 
in 
the 
pay-for-performance 
project; or 
(ii) the underlying land. 
(4) SAVINGS CLAUSE.—The carrying out of any 
action for a pay-for-performance project does not 
provide any right to any party to a pay-for-perform-
ance agreement. 
(5) POTENTIAL CONFLICTS.—Before approving 
a pay-for-performance project under this section, the 
Secretary of Agriculture shall consider and seek to 
avoid potential conflicts (including economic com-
petition) with any existing written authorized use. 
(d) PROJECT AGREEMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the Act of 
June 30, 1914 (38 Stat. 430, chapter 131; 16 
U.S.C. 498), or subtitle C of title XX of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397n et seq.), in carrying 
out the pilot program under this section, the Sec-
retary of Agriculture may enter into a pay-for-per-
formance agreement under which a pay-for-perform-
ance beneficiary, pay-for-performance investor, or 
pay-for-performance project developer agrees to pay 
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for or finance all or part of a pay-for-performance 
project. 
(2) SIZE LIMITATION.—The Secretary of Agri-
culture may not enter into a pay-for-performance 
agreement under the pilot program under this sec-
tion for a pay-for-performance project valued at 
more than $15,000,000. 
(3) FINANCING.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—A pay-for-performance 
agreement shall specify the amounts that a pay- 
for-performance beneficiary or a pay-for-per-
formance project developer agrees to pay to a 
pay-for-performance investor or a pay-for-per-
formance project developer, as appropriate, in 
the event of an independent evaluator deter-
mining pursuant to subsection (e) the degree to 
which a project outcome has been achieved. 
(B) ELIGIBLE PAYMENTS.—An amount de-
scribed in subparagraph (A) shall be— 
(i) based on— 
(I) the respective contributions of 
the parties under the pay-for-perform-
ance agreement; and 
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(II) the economic, environmental, 
or social benefits derived from the 
project outcomes; and 
(ii)(I) a percentage of the estimated 
value of a project outcome; 
(II) a percentage of the estimated cost 
savings to the pay-for-performance bene-
ficiary or the Secretary of Agriculture de-
rived from a project outcome; 
(III) a percentage of the enhanced 
revenue to the pay-for-performance bene-
ficiary or the Secretary of Agriculture de-
rived from a project outcome; or 
(IV) a percentage of the cost of the 
pay-for-performance project. 
(C) FOREST SERVICE FINANCIAL ASSIST-
ANCE.—Subject to the availability of appropria-
tions, the Secretary of Agriculture may con-
tribute funding for a pay-for-performance 
project only if— 
(i) the Secretary of Agriculture dem-
onstrates that— 
(I) 
the 
pay-for-performance 
project would provide a cost savings 
to the United States; 
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(II) the funding would accelerate 
the pace of implementation of an ac-
tivity previously planned to be com-
pleted by the Secretary of Agriculture; 
or 
(III) the funding would accel-
erate the scale of implementation of 
an activity previously planned to be 
completed by the Secretary of Agri-
culture; and 
(ii) the contribution of the Secretary 
of Agriculture has a value that is not more 
than 50 percent of the total cost of the 
pay-for-performance project. 
(D) SPECIAL
ACCOUNT.—Any funds re-
ceived by the Secretary of Agriculture under 
subsection (c)(1)— 
(i) shall be retained in a separate 
fund in the Treasury to be used solely for 
pay-for-performance projects; and 
(ii) shall remain available until ex-
pended and without further appropriation. 
(4) MAINTENANCE AND DECOMMISSIONING OF 
PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
PROJECT
IMPROVE-
MENTS.—A pay-for-performance agreement shall— 
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(A) include a plan for maintaining any 
capital improvement constructed as part of a 
pay-for-performance project after the date on 
which the pay-for-performance project is com-
pleted; and 
(B) specify the party that will be respon-
sible for decommissioning the improvements as-
sociated with the pay-for-performance project— 
(i) at the end of the useful life of the 
improvements; 
(ii) if the improvements no longer 
serve the purpose for which the improve-
ments were developed; or 
(iii) if the pay-for-performance project 
fails. 
(5) TERMINATION OF PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE 
PROJECT
AGREEMENTS.—The Secretary of Agri-
culture may unilaterally terminate a pay-for-per-
formance agreement, in whole or in part, for any 
program year beginning after the program year dur-
ing which the Secretary of Agriculture provides to 
each party to the pay-for-performance agreement a 
notice of the termination. 
(e) INDEPENDENT EVALUATIONS.— 
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(1) PROGRESS REPORTS.—An independent eval-
uator shall submit to the Secretary of Agriculture 
and each party to the applicable pay-for-performance 
agreement— 
(A) by not later than 2 years after the 
date on which the pay-for-performance agree-
ment is executed, and at least once every 2 
years thereafter, a written report that summa-
rizes the progress that has been made in achiev-
ing each project outcome; and 
(B) before the first scheduled date for a 
payment described in subsection (d)(3)(A), and 
each subsequent date for payment, a written re-
port that— 
(i) summarizes the results of the eval-
uation conducted by the independent eval-
uator to determine whether a payment 
should be made pursuant to the pay-for- 
performance agreement; and 
(ii) analyzes the reasons why a project 
outcome was achieved or was not achieved. 
(2) FINAL REPORTS.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date on which a pay-for-performance 
project is completed, the independent evaluator shall 
submit to the Secretary of Agriculture and each 
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party to the pay-for-performance agreement a writ-
ten report that includes, with respect to the period 
covered by the report— 
(A) an evaluation of the effects of the pay- 
for-performance project with respect to each 
project outcome; 
(B) a determination of whether the pay- 
for-performance project has met each project 
outcome; and 
(C) the amount of the payments made for 
the pay-for-performance project pursuant to 
subsection (d)(3)(A). 
(f) ADDITIONAL FOREST SERVICE-PROVIDED AS-
SISTANCE.— 
(1) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary of 
Agriculture may provide technical assistance to fa-
cilitate pay-for-performance project development, 
such as planning, permitting, site preparation, and 
design work. 
(2) CONSULTANTS.—Subject to the availability 
of appropriations, the Secretary of Agriculture may 
hire a contractor— 
(A) to conduct a feasibility analysis of a 
proposed pay-for-performance project; 
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