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(14) Congress serves a critical role in estab-
lishing national priorities, funding scientific research 
and development, supporting emerging technologies, 
and sustaining cooperation with our allies to protect 
the national security of the United States. 
(b) NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE STRATEGY 
PRINCIPLES.—It is the sense of Congress that the fol-
lowing principles should guide the national artificial intel-
ligence strategy of the United States: 
(1) Global leadership. 
(2) A prepared workforce. 
(3) National security. 
(4) Effective research and development. 
(5) Ethics, reduced bias, fairness, and privacy. 
SEC. 2. GLOBAL LEADERSHIP. 
It is the sense of Congress that the United States 
should take a global leadership role in artificial intel-
ligence. 
SEC. 3. WORKFORCE PREPARATION. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Artificial intelligence and automation will 
present significant challenges to workers in affected 
industries, but will also automate routine and repet-
itive tasks to give workers more time to focus on 
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other tasks that involve social and creative intel-
ligence. 
(2) Closing the artificial intelligence talent gap 
in the short and medium-term will require a targeted 
approach to identifying and filling roles that require 
artificial intelligence skills. 
(3) The United States should take a leadership 
role in the artificial intelligence-driven economy by 
filling the artificial intelligence talent gap and pre-
paring United States workers for the jobs of the fu-
ture, including by prioritizing inclusivity and equal 
opportunity. 
(4) Departments and agencies of the Federal 
Government are increasingly using data to admin-
ister benefits, assess outcomes, and fulfill other mis-
sion-critical activities. 
(5) Effectively creating, managing, and imple-
menting artificial intelligence related research and 
development grants will require technical expertise. 
(6) Departments and agencies of the Federal 
Government will need to be able to recruit employees 
with technical expertise. 
(7) The United States needs a conceptual re-
structuring of education to reflect the necessity of a 
lifelong learning process. 
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(8) Artificial intelligence will exacerbate the un-
predictable nature of what skills will be in demand 
or obsolete in the future. 
(9) An artificial intelligence-driven economy will 
require social and creative intelligence in addition to 
technical skills. 
(10) Lifelong learning and skill acquisition can 
increase flexibility with respect to career opportuni-
ties. 
(11) The United States will need to be able to 
attract the best artificial intelligence researchers and 
computer scientists from around the world to work 
in the United States. 
(b) MATTERS TO CONSIDER.— 
(1) EDUCATION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the Federal Government should— 
(i) increase funding for existing tech-
nology education programs; 
(ii) develop voluntary guidelines for 
universities with respect to how to incor-
porate a liberal arts curriculum, including 
requirements for courses with respect to 
ethics, into science, technology, engineer-
ing, mathematics, and computer science 
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curriculums and how to incorporate statis-
tics and data-driven decision making into 
complementary fields; 
(iii) ensure that new education path-
ways 
incorporate 
industry-sponsored, 
standards-based, and recognized stackable 
credentials, including certifications and 
certificates, as part of degree tracks; and 
(iv) develop strategic partnerships 
with the private sector to create a Federal 
program for the purposes of increasing the 
relevant skills of current educators and en-
suring that more teachers are available in 
school districts that are under-served with 
respect to science, technology, engineering, 
mathematics, and computer science edu-
cators. 
(B) EDUCATION
MODERNIZATION
STUD-
IES.—It is the sense of Congress that congres-
sional committees should conduct studies with 
respect to how to adapt the education system in 
the United States to prepare students and 
workers for an artificial intelligence-driven 
economy, including studies with respect to the 
following: 
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(i) How States, universities, and local 
educational agencies can— 
(I) update curriculums to include 
relevant subjects; 
(II) make education more afford-
able; and 
(III) 
promote 
inclusivity 
for 
under-represented communities and 
marginalized groups. 
(ii) How computer and data science 
education can be taught to students at an 
earlier age. 
(iii) How to encourage colleges and 
State institutions to update their credit 
transfer policies to make it easier for stu-
dents to transfer their course credits. 
(2) PROMOTING DIVERSITY.—It is the sense of 
Congress that the Federal Government should— 
(A) implement policies to ensure the inclu-
sion of under-represented communities and 
marginalized groups in existing technology edu-
cation programs; 
(B) create programs for the purpose of ex-
ploring ways to increase workforce diversity and 
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the retention of diverse talent at all levels of an 
organization; and 
(C) review recruitment and retention poli-
cies with respect to under-represented commu-
nities and marginalized groups for the purpose 
of determining if such policies require modifica-
tion for the technology sector. 
(3) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINING.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the Federal Government should as-
sess the effectiveness of current job training 
and safety net programs with respect to how 
adept such programs are likely to be in address-
ing job disruptions and job creations that result 
from the increased use of artificial intelligence. 
(B) WORK-BASED TRAINING PROGRAMS.— 
It is the sense of Congress that the Federal 
Government should consider the importance of 
work-based training programs, including Last 
Mile Training programs, in preparing the 
United States workforce for an artificial intel-
ligence-driven economy, including by— 
(i) undertaking studies to determine 
the best methods to promote such pro-
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grams and ensure such programs are ac-
credited; 
(ii) ensuring that such programs have 
the opportunity to receive Federal funding 
under relevant Federal programs; and 
(iii) creating a pilot program that in-
cludes job training programs as programs 
for which individuals may be eligible to re-
ceive a Federal Pell Grant. 
(4) HIRING PRACTICES.—It is the sense of Con-
gress that the Federal Government should— 
(A) allow technical experts to use their 
skills to assist multiple departments and agen-
cies of the Federal Government; 
(B) create fellowship programs with re-
spect to artificial intelligence education for the 
purpose of increasing the number of individuals 
with artificial intelligence expertise that the 
Federal Government can recruit; 
(C) include in the criteria for recruiting for 
artificial intelligence jobs the consideration of a 
multi-disciplinary set of skills and an under-
standing of ethics; 
(D) review hiring practices for employment 
in the Federal Government for the purpose of 
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ensuring that such practices do not disqualify 
individuals with a less traditional background, 
due to a lack of degree attainment, who have 
artificial intelligence skills; and 
(E) conduct studies with respect to best 
practices for hiring on the basis of a skills- 
based approach. 
SEC. 4. NATIONAL SECURITY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Artificial intelligence will have immense im-
plications for national and international security. 
(2) Artificial intelligence tools and systems can 
augment human intelligence through human-ma-
chine collaboration and teaming across the national 
security ecosystem. 
(3) Ensuring that the public trusts the ability 
of the military to ethically use artificial intelligence 
and that human operators in human-machine teams 
trust the artificial intelligence will be critical factors 
with respect to the successful implementation of ar-
tificial intelligence systems. 
(4) The continued proliferation of national arti-
ficial intelligence strategies, plans, statements, and 
investments demonstrates the increase in global 
competition in this area. 
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(5) New paradigms will be required to effec-
tively test artificial intelligence and to ensure that it 
is reliable and stable. 
(6) Export and investment controls will be im-
portant policy tools to prevent the acquisition of sen-
sitive artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence- 
enabling technologies, including hardware such as 
semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing 
equipment, by China, Russia, and other adversaries. 
(b) MATTERS TO CONSIDER.— 
(1) 
COLLABORATION
WITH
FOREIGN
NA-
TIONS.—It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should— 
(A) leverage its alliances to promote demo-
cratic principles, foster research collaboration, 
and develop common standards with respect to 
artificial intelligence; 
(B) promote the interoperability of artifi-
cial intelligence for the purpose of strength-
ening alliances; 
(C) along with allies, take a leading role in 
international forums to set artificial intelligence 
principles, norms, and standards; and 
(D) undertake efforts to engage with 
China and Russia with respect to— 
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(i) shared concerns about artificial in-
telligence safety; and 
(ii) confidence-building by establishing 
crisis communications procedures designed 
to reduce the likelihood of unintentional 
use and the risk of escalation with respect 
to artificial intelligence systems. 
(2) FOREIGN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAPA-
BILITY.—It is the sense of Congress that national 
security agencies should consider conditions-based 
and capabilities-based approaches when evaluating 
global artificial intelligence capabilities. 
(3) DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT.—It is 
the sense of Congress that national security agencies 
should— 
(A) collaborate with experts in academia, 
the private sector, and other departments and 
agencies of the Federal Government to develop 
best practices for testing, evaluation, validation, 
and verification of artificial intelligence sys-
tems; 
(B) devote institutional resources, includ-
ing investing in research, for the purpose of 
promoting trustworthiness with respect to 
human-machine teams; 
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(C) engage with experts to develop guide-
lines for the ethical development and use of ar-
tificial intelligence systems; and 
(D) prioritize the development of artificial 
intelligence systems to cover non-critical tasks 
until such systems can achieve suitable stand-
ards of reliability, interoperability, and security. 
(4) EXPORT AND INVESTMENT CONTROLS.—It 
is the sense of Congress that the United States 
should collaborate with its allies to prevent the mis-
use of artificial intelligence systems by China, Rus-
sia, and other adversaries. 
SEC. 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Federal funding plays an important role in 
the research and development cycle. 
(2) Federal research and development invest-
ments need to be significantly increased to ensure 
United States leadership in artificial intelligence. 
(3) Federally supported research will play an 
important role in supporting artificial intelligence 
techniques that are critical to United States artifi-
cial intelligence leadership, including by requiring 
smaller data sets to train artificial intelligence sys-
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