(1) The National Instant Criminal Background 
Check System (NICS), which is used to conduct 
background checks on individuals as they purchase 
a gun from federally licensed firearms dealers, pro-
vides a one-time snapshot view of an individual’s 
criminal history status. It does not, however, provide 
notice to Federal, State, or local law enforcement of-
ficials if a firearm owner later falls into a category 
of people prohibited by law from possessing fire-
arms. 
(2) Law enforcement should be notified when a 
firearm license or permit holder loses his or her legal 
eligibility for the license or permit through criminal 
activity anywhere in the country. 
(3) The Rap Back Service is a capability of the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Next Generation 
Identification (NGI) system. The Rap Back Service 
provides notice to authorized agencies of activity of 
licensed individuals that might impact their contin-
ued eligibility for a license. Enrollment in the Rap 
Back Service eliminates the need for repeated back-
ground checks on a person in order to determine 
whether they continue to be eligible for their license. 
(4) In 2012, the Government Accountability Of-
fice issued a report based on a survey of State con-
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cealed carry permitting systems. The report found 
that 6 of the 9 States surveyed used in-State rap 
back services to monitor the continued eligibility of 
concealed carry permitholders. The report also found 
that the FBI’s nationwide Rap Back Service may 
provide States with ‘‘the opportunity to subscribe to 
this service and automatically be notified of subse-
quent arrests across the United States for crimes 
committed by permit holders.’’. 
SEC. 3. GRANT PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall award 
grants to States and Indian Tribal governments to assist 
those States and Indian Tribal governments in enrolling 
individuals purchasing firearms or applying for firearm li-
censes in the Rap Back Service. 
(b) ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible for a grant 
under subsection (a), a State or Indian Tribal gov-
ernment shall have in place a law that— 
(A) with respect to an individual pur-
chasing a firearm— 
(i) requires the individual to provide 
fingerprints in connection with such pur-
chase, which fingerprints shall be sufficient 
to enroll the individual in the Rap Back 
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Service upon the completion of the sale of 
the firearm; and 
(ii) requires each agency that facili-
tates the sale of the firearm to ensure that 
the individual is enrolled in the Rap Back 
Service; and 
(B) in the case of a State or Indian Tribal 
government that issues licenses for an indi-
vidual to purchase, possess, transfer, acquire, or 
carry a firearm in some or all circumstances or 
locations— 
(i) requires the individual to provide 
fingerprints in connection with an applica-
tion for the issuance or renewal of such a 
license, which fingerprints shall be suffi-
cient to enroll the individual in the Rap 
Back Service upon the completion of the 
sale of the firearm; and 
(ii) requires each agency that issues 
or renews such license to ensure that the 
individual is enrolled in the Rap Back 
Service. 
(2) APPLICATION.—A requirement for a law de-
scribed under paragraph (1) does not apply with re-
spect to individuals who are certified to purchase, 
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possess, own, transfer, acquire, or carry a firearm in 
the course of their employment. 
(c) USE OF GRANT AMOUNTS.—Grants awarded to 
States or Indian Tribes under this section may only be 
used to— 
(1) create electronic systems to enroll individ-
uals described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of sub-
section (b)(1) in the Rap Back Service and for the 
receipt of criminal history information about such 
individuals from the Rap Back Service; 
(2) assist local agencies in establishing or en-
hancing their own capacities to perform activities de-
scribed in paragraph (1); 
(3) ensure the accuracy and security of the sys-
tems established under paragraphs (1) and (2); 
(4) enroll such individuals in the Rap Back 
Service; or 
(5) collect and analyze data to measure compli-
ance with the level of enrollment of such individuals 
in the Rap Back Service. 
(d) MATCHING FUNDS.—The portion of the costs of 
an activity provided by a grant under subsection (a) may 
not exceed 50 percent, unless the Attorney General waives, 
wholly or in part, the requirement under this subsection 
of a non-Federal contribution to the costs of an activity. 
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(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be nec-
essary to carry out this section. 
(f) CONSISTENCY WITH NATIONAL CRIMINAL HIS-
TORY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.—The Attorney General 
shall carry out the grant program under this section in 
a manner that is consistent with the National Criminal 
History Improvement Program. 
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) The term ‘‘firearm’’ has the meaning given 
the term in section 921 of title 18, United States 
Code. 
(2) The term ‘‘Rap Back Service’’ means the 
capability of the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s 
Next Generation Identification system to provide no-
tice to law enforcement agencies authorized by the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation to use such capa-
bility of arrests or other activity of licensees that 
might impact their continued eligibility for a license 
to purchase, possess, own, transfer, acquire, or carry 
a firearm in some or all circumstances or locations. 
Æ 
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