I 
119TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 6533 
To amend title 10, United States Code, to limit the authority of the Depart-
ment of Defense and other Federal law enforcement personnel to support 
civilian law enforcement activities, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
DECEMBER 9, 2025 
Mr. LICCARDO (for himself, Ms. HOULAHAN, Mr. JACKSON of Illinois, Mr. 
FIELDS, Mr. DOGGETT, Ms. NORTON, Ms. TITUS, Ms. ANSARI, Ms. 
RIVAS, Ms. TOKUDA, Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI, Mr. GOLDMAN of New 
York, Ms. KELLY of Illinois, Mr. LIEU, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Ms. 
GARCIA of Texas, Ms. LOFGREN, Ms. RANDALL, Mr. MCGARVEY, Ms. 
HOYLE of Oregon, Mr. BELL, Mr. CASTEN, Ms. STRICKLAND, Mr. 
GARAMENDI, Mr. TRAN, Ms. KAMLAGER-DOVE, Mrs. TRAHAN, Mrs. 
FLETCHER, Mrs. MCCLAIN DELANEY, Mr. HUFFMAN, Ms. JAYAPAL, and 
Ms. MORRISON) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Armed Services, and in addition to the Committee on 
Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each 
case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of 
the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To amend title 10, United States Code, to limit the authority 
of the Department of Defense and other Federal law 
enforcement personnel to support civilian law enforce-
ment activities, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Military in Law En-
forcement Accountability Act’’. 
SEC. 2. LIMITATION ON PROVISION OF SUPPORT BY ARMED 
FORCES TO CIVILIAN LAW ENFORCEMENT 
ACTIVITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 15 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 274 the 
following new section: 
‘‘§ 274a. Limitation on provision of support 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense may 
provide support under section 272, 273, or 274 of this 
title only if the President first submits to Congress a noti-
fication and written justification for the support that in-
cludes— 
‘‘(1) the agency to which the support is pro-
vided; 
‘‘(2) the budget, implementation timeline with 
milestones, anticipated delivery schedule, and com-
pletion date for the purpose or project for which the 
support is provided; 
‘‘(3) the source and planned expenditure of 
funds provided for such purpose or project; 
‘‘(4) a description of the arrangements, if any, 
for the sustainment of such purpose or project and 
the source of funds to support sustainment of the 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
capabilities and performance outcomes achieved 
using the support, if applicable; 
‘‘(5) a description of the objectives for such 
purpose or project and an evaluation framework to 
be used to develop capability and performance 
metrics associated with operational outcomes for the 
recipient of the support; and 
‘‘(6) information, including the amount, type, 
and purpose, about the support provided to the 
agency during the three fiscal years preceding the 
fiscal year for which the support covered by the noti-
fication and justification is provided. 
‘‘(b) LIMITATION ON TIMING.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 
may not provide support under section 272, 273, or 
274 of this title for a period that exceeds 30 days 
unless a joint resolution of approval is enacted that 
approves the provision of such support for a longer 
period. 
‘‘(2) JOINT
RESOLUTION
OF
APPROVAL.—In 
this subsection, the term ‘joint resolution of ap-
proval’ means only a joint resolution of either House 
of Congress— 
‘‘(A) the title of which is as follows: ‘A 
joint resolution approving the provision by the 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
Department of Defense of support to civilian 
law enforcement for a period of more than 30 
days.’; and 
‘‘(B) the sole matter after the resolving 
clause of which is the following: ‘Congress ap-
proves of the provision of support under section 
272, 273, or 274 of title 10, United States 
Code, with respect to llllll for a pe-
riod not to exceed lllll.’, with the first 
blank space being filled with a short description 
of the proposed action and the second blank 
space being filled with the appropriate period 
following the date of adoption of the resolution. 
‘‘(3) INTRODUCTION.—A joint resolution of ap-
proval may be introduced— 
‘‘(A) in the Senate, by the majority leader 
(or the majority leader’s designee) or the mi-
nority leader (or the minority leader’s des-
ignee); and 
‘‘(B) in the House of Representatives, by 
the majority leader or the minority leader. 
‘‘(4) CONSIDERATION IN THE SENATE.— 
‘‘(A) COMMITTEE REFERRAL.—A joint res-
olution of approval introduced in the Senate 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
shall be referred to the Committee on Armed 
Services. 
‘‘(B) REPORTING AND DISCHARGE.—If the 
Committee on Armed Services has not reported 
a joint resolution of approval within 10 cal-
endar days after the date of referral of the joint 
resolution, that committee shall be discharged 
from further consideration of the joint resolu-
tion and the joint resolution shall be placed on 
the appropriate calendar. 
‘‘(C) PROCEEDING TO CONSIDERATION.— 
Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the Standing 
Rules of the Senate, it is in order at any time 
after the Committee on Armed Services reports 
a joint resolution of approval to the Senate or 
has been discharged from consideration of such 
a joint resolution (even though a previous mo-
tion to the same effect has been disagreed to) 
to move to proceed to the consideration of the 
joint resolution, and all points of order against 
the joint resolution (and against consideration 
of the joint resolution) are waived. The motion 
to proceed is not debatable. The motion is not 
subject to a motion to postpone. A motion to 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. 
‘‘(D) APPROVAL
OF
RESOLUTION.—Ap-
proval by the Senate of a joint resolution of ap-
proval shall require the affirmative vote of 
three-fifths of Members of the Senate, duly cho-
sen and sworn. 
‘‘(E) RULINGS OF THE CHAIR ON PROCE-
DURE.—Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
relating to the application of the rules of the 
Senate, as the case may be, to the procedure re-
lating to a joint resolution of approval shall be 
decided without debate. 
‘‘(F) CONSIDERATION
OF
VETO
MES-
SAGES.—Debate in the Senate of any veto mes-
sage with respect to a joint resolution of ap-
proval, including all debatable motions and ap-
peals in connection with the joint resolution, 
shall be limited to 10 hours, to be equally di-
vided between, and controlled by, the majority 
leader and the minority leader or their des-
ignees. 
‘‘(5) FLOOR
CONSIDERATION
IN
HOUSE
OF 
REPRESENTATIVES.—If a committee of the House of 
Representatives to which a joint resolution of ap-
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
proval has been referred has not reported the joint 
resolution within 10 calendar days after the date of 
referral, that committee shall be discharged from 
further consideration of the joint resolution. 
‘‘(6) RULES RELATING TO SENATE AND HOUSE 
OF REPRESENTATIVES.— 
‘‘(A) TREATMENT OF HOUSE JOINT RESO-
LUTION IN SENATE.— 
‘‘(i) RECEIPT
BEFORE
PASSAGE
OF 
SENATE RESOLUTION.—If, before the pas-
sage by the Senate of a joint resolution of 
approval, the Senate receives an identical 
joint resolution from the House of Rep-
resentatives, the following procedures shall 
apply: 
‘‘(I) That joint resolution shall 
not be referred to a committee. 
‘‘(II) With respect to that joint 
resolution— 
‘‘(aa) the procedure in the 
Senate shall be the same as if no 
joint resolution had been received 
from the House of Representa-
tives; but 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
‘‘(bb) the vote on passage 
shall be on the joint resolution 
from the House of Representa-
tives. 
‘‘(ii) RECEIPT
FOLLOWING
PASSAGE 
OF
SENATE
RESOLUTION.—If, following 
passage of a joint resolution of approval in 
the Senate, the Senate receives an identical 
joint resolution from the House of Rep-
resentatives, that joint resolution shall be 
placed on the appropriate Senate calendar. 
‘‘(iii) NO COMPANION RESOLUTION.— 
If a joint resolution of approval is received 
from the House, and no companion joint 
resolution has been introduced in the Sen-
ate, the Senate procedures under this sub-
section shall apply to the House joint reso-
lution. 
‘‘(B) TREATMENT OF SENATE JOINT RESO-
LUTION
IN
HOUSE.—In the House of Rep-
resentatives, the following procedures shall 
apply to a joint resolution of approval received 
from the Senate (unless the House has already 
passed a joint resolution relating to the same 
proposed action): 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
the motion is disposed of shall not be in 
order. 
‘‘(iv) The joint resolution shall be con-
sidered as read. All points of order against 
the joint resolution and against its consid-
eration are waived. The previous question 
shall be considered as ordered on the joint 
resolution to final passage without inter-
vening motion except 2 hours of debate 
equally divided and controlled by the spon-
sor of the joint resolution (or a designee) 
and an opponent. A motion to reconsider 
the vote on passage of the joint resolution 
shall not be in order. 
‘‘(C) APPLICATION
TO
REVENUE
MEAS-
URES.—The provisions of this paragraph shall 
not apply in the House of Representatives to a 
joint resolution of approval that is a revenue 
measure. 
‘‘(7) RULES OF SENATE AND HOUSE OF REP-
RESENTATIVES.—This subsection is enacted by Con-
gress— 
‘‘(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
power of the Senate and the House of Rep-
resentatives, respectively, and as such is deemed 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
a part of the rules of each House, respectively, 
and supersedes other rules only to the extent 
that it is inconsistent with such rules; and 
‘‘(B) with full recognition of the constitu-
tional right of either House to change the rules 
(so far as relating to the procedure of that 
House) at any time, in the same manner, and 
to the same extent as in the case of any other 
rule of that House.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
at the beginning of chapter 15 of such title is amended 
by inserting after the item relating to section 274 the fol-
lowing new item: 
‘‘274a. Limitation on provision of support.’’. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) USE
OF
MILITARY
EQUIPMENT.—Section 
272 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting ‘‘section 274a of this title and’’ after ‘‘in 
accordance with’’. 
(2) TRAINING AND ADVISING CIVILIAN LAW EN-
FORCEMENT
OFFICIALS.—Section 273 of title 10, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘sec-
tion 274a of this title and’’ after ‘‘in accordance 
with’’. 
(3) MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF EQUIP-
MENT.—Section 274 of title 10, United States Code, 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
is amended by inserting ‘‘section 274a of this title 
and’’ after ‘‘in accordance with’’ each place it ap-
pears. 
SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON SIMULTANEOUS SERVICE IN THE 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND CIVILIAN 
LAW ENFORCEMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 49 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing new section: 
‘‘§ 990. Prohibition on simultaneous service in the De-
partment of Defense and civilian law en-
forcement 
‘‘(a) PROHIBITION.—Except as provided in sub-
section (b), an individual serving in any capacity in the 
Department of Defense, whether in the Armed Forces or 
in a civilian position, may not, while so serving, serve in 
any capacity in any element of civilian law enforcement 
outside of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(b) EXCEPTIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The prohibition under sub-
section (a) shall not to apply to a member of a re-
serve component named in section 10101 of this title 
who serves in an element of civilian law enforcement 
outside of the Department of Defense in their civil-
ian capacity. 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
‘‘(2) ACTIVE
DUTY.—A member described in 
paragraph (1) who is called or ordered to active duty 
shall formally and officially recuse himself or herself 
from civilian law enforcement duties.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 
at the beginning of chapter 49 of such title is amended 
by adding at the end the following new item: 
‘‘990. Prohibition on simultaneous service in the Department of Defense and ci-
vilian law enforcement.’’. 
SEC. 4. EXPANSION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR ARMED 
FORCES AND FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT 
PERSONNEL 
WHEN 
ASSISTING 
CIVIL 
AU-
THORITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 723(a) of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘to respond to a civil 
disturbance’’. 
(b) CONFORMING AND CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The heading 
for section 723 of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘in response to civil dis-
turbances’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions at the beginning of chapter 41 of title 10, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 723 and inserting the following 
new item: 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00013
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6201
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB
‘‘723. Support of Federal authorities: requirement for use of members of the 
Armed Forces and Federal law enforcement personnel.’’. 
SEC. 5. PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Any person, State, or local gov-
ernment aggrieved of a violation of this Act or an amend-
ment made by this Act by the Federal Government, or 
an officer or employee thereof, may bring a civil action 
in an appropriate district court of the United States. 
(b) RELIEF.—In a civil action brought under sub-
section (a), the court may award injunctive or other equi-
table relief and damages. 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
03:28 Dec 23, 2025
Jkt 069200
PO 00000
Frm 00014
Fmt 6652
Sfmt 6301
E:\BILLS\H6533.IH
H6533
kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB