165 
tional health care practices, cultural values, and 
community and family involvement. 
‘‘(c) CRITERIA.—The Secretary, in consultation with 
Indian tribes and tribal organizations, shall establish cri-
teria for the review and approval of applications and pro-
posals for funding under this section. 
‘‘(d) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR URBAN INDIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS.—20 percent of the funds appropriated 
pursuant to this section shall be used to make grants to 
urban Indian organizations. 
‘‘SEC. 708. INDIAN YOUTH PROGRAM. 
‘‘(a) DETOXIFICATION AND REHABILITATION.—The 
Secretary, acting through the Service, consistent with sec-
tion 702, shall develop and implement a program for acute 
detoxification and treatment for Indian youths, including 
behavioral health services. The program shall include re-
gional treatment centers designed to include detoxification 
and rehabilitation for both sexes on a referral basis and 
programs developed and implemented by Indian tribes or 
tribal organizations at the local level under the Indian 
Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 450 et seq.). Regional centers shall be integrated 
with the intake and rehabilitation programs based in the 
referring Indian community. 
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166 
‘‘(b) ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT 
CENTERS OR FACILITIES.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting 
through the Service, shall construct, renovate, 
or, as necessary, purchase, and appropriately 
staff and operate, at least 1 youth regional 
treatment center or treatment network in each 
area under the jurisdiction of an area office. 
‘‘(B) AREA OFFICE IN CALIFORNIA.—For 
the purposes of this subsection, the area office 
in California shall be considered to be 2 area 
offices, 1 office whose jurisdiction shall be con-
sidered to encompass the northern area of the 
State of California, and 1 office whose jurisdic-
tion shall be considered to encompass the re-
mainder of the State of California for the pur-
pose of implementing California treatment net-
works. 
‘‘(2) FUNDING.—For the purpose of staffing 
and operating such centers or facilities, funding 
shall be pursuant to the Act of November 2, 1921 
(25 U.S.C. 13). 
‘‘(3) LOCATION.—A youth treatment center 
constructed or purchased under this subsection shall 
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167 
be constructed or purchased at a location within the 
area described in paragraph (1) agreed upon (by ap-
propriate tribal resolution) by a majority of the In-
dian tribes to be served by such center. 
‘‘(4) SPECIFIC PROVISION OF FUNDS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any 
other provision of this title, the Secretary may, 
from amounts authorized to be appropriated for 
the purposes of carrying out this section, make 
funds available to— 
‘‘(i) the Tanana Chiefs Conference, 
Incorporated, for the purpose of leasing, 
constructing, renovating, operating, and 
maintaining a residential youth treatment 
facility in Fairbanks, Alaska; and 
‘‘(ii) the Southeast Alaska Regional 
Health Corporation to staff and operate a 
residential youth treatment facility without 
regard to the proviso set forth in section 
4(l) of the Indian Self-Determination and 
Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
450b(l)). 
‘‘(B) PROVISION OF SERVICES TO ELIGI-
BLE
YOUTHS.—Until 
additional 
residential 
youth treatment facilities are established in 
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168 
Alaska pursuant to this section, the facilities 
specified in subparagraph (A) shall make every 
effort to provide services to all eligible Indian 
youths residing in Alaska. 
‘‘(c) INTERMEDIATE
ADOLESCENT
BEHAVIORAL 
HEALTH SERVICES.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting 
through the Service, may provide intermediate be-
havioral health services, which may , if feasible and 
appropriate, incorporate systems of care, to Indian 
children and adolescents, including— 
‘‘(A) pretreatment assistance; 
‘‘(B) inpatient, outpatient, and aftercare 
services; 
‘‘(C) emergency care; 
‘‘(D) suicide prevention and crisis interven-
tion; and 
‘‘(E) prevention and treatment of mental 
illness and dysfunctional and self-destructive 
behavior, including child abuse and family vio-
lence. 
‘‘(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Funds provided under 
this subsection may be used— 
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169 
‘‘(A) to construct or renovate an existing 
health facility to provide intermediate behav-
ioral health services; 
‘‘(B) to hire behavioral health profes-
sionals; 
‘‘(C) to staff, operate, and maintain an in-
termediate mental health facility, group home, 
sober housing, transitional housing or similar 
facilities, or youth shelter where intermediate 
behavioral health services are being provided; 
‘‘(D) to make renovations and hire appro-
priate staff to convert existing hospital beds 
into adolescent psychiatric units; and 
‘‘(E) for intensive home- and community- 
based services. 
‘‘(3) CRITERIA.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Service, shall, in consultation with Indian tribes 
and tribal organizations, establish criteria for the re-
view and approval of applications or proposals for 
funding made available pursuant to this subsection. 
‘‘(d) FEDERALLY OWNED STRUCTURES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consulta-
tion with Indian tribes and tribal organizations, 
shall— 
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170 
‘‘(A) identify and use, where appropriate, 
federally owned structures suitable for local res-
idential or regional behavioral health treatment 
for Indian youths; and 
‘‘(B) establish guidelines for determining 
the suitability of any such federally owned 
structure to be used for local residential or re-
gional behavioral health treatment for Indian 
youths. 
‘‘(2) TERMS
AND
CONDITIONS
FOR
USE
OF 
STRUCTURE.—Any structure described in paragraph 
(1) may be used under such terms and conditions as 
may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the agency 
having responsibility for the structure and any In-
dian tribe or tribal organization operating the pro-
gram. 
‘‘(e) REHABILITATION AND AFTERCARE SERVICES.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary, Indian 
tribes, or tribal organizations, in cooperation with 
the Secretary of the Interior, shall develop and im-
plement within each Service unit, community-based 
rehabilitation and follow-up services for Indian 
youths who are having significant behavioral health 
problems, and require long-term treatment, commu-
nity reintegration, and monitoring to support the In-
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171 
dian youths after their return to their home commu-
nity. 
‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—Services under para-
graph (1) shall be provided by trained staff within 
the community who can assist the Indian youths in 
their continuing development of self-image, positive 
problem-solving skills, and nonalcohol or substance 
abusing behaviors. Such staff may include alcohol 
and substance abuse counselors, mental health pro-
fessionals, and other health professionals and para-
professionals, including community health represent-
atives. 
‘‘(f) INCLUSION OF FAMILY IN YOUTH TREATMENT 
PROGRAM.—In providing the treatment and other services 
to Indian youths authorized by this section, the Secretary, 
acting through the Service, shall provide for the inclusion 
of family members of such youths in the treatment pro-
grams or other services as may be appropriate. Not less 
than 10 percent of the funds appropriated for the pur-
poses of carrying out subsection (e) shall be used for out-
patient care of adult family members related to the treat-
ment of an Indian youth under that subsection. 
‘‘(g) MULTIDRUG ABUSE PROGRAM.—The Secretary, 
acting through the Service, shall provide, consistent with 
section 702, programs and services to prevent and treat 
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172 
the abuse of multiple forms of substances, including alco-
hol, drugs, inhalants, and tobacco, among Indian youths 
residing in Indian communities, on or near reservations, 
and in urban areas and provide appropriate mental health 
services to address the incidence of mental illness among 
such youths. 
‘‘(h) INDIAN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH.—The Sec-
retary, acting through the Service, shall collect data for 
the report under section 801 with respect to— 
‘‘(1) the number of Indian youth who are being 
provided mental health services through the Service 
and tribal health programs; 
‘‘(2) a description of, and costs associated with, 
the mental health services provided for Indian youth 
through the Service and tribal health programs; 
‘‘(3) the number of youth referred to the Serv-
ice or tribal health programs for mental health serv-
ices; 
‘‘(4) the number of Indian youth provided resi-
dential treatment for mental health and behavioral 
problems through the Service and tribal health pro-
grams, reported separately for on- and off-reserva-
tion facilities; and 
‘‘(5) the costs of the services described in para-
graph (4). 
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173 
‘‘SEC. 709. INPATIENT AND COMMUNITY-BASED MENTAL 
HEALTH 
FACILITIES 
DESIGN, 
CONSTRUC-
TION, AND STAFFING. 
‘‘Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of theIndian Healthcare Improvement Act of 2017, the 
Secretary, acting through the Service, may provide, in 
each area of the Service, not less than 1 inpatient mental 
health care facility, or the equivalent, for Indians with be-
havioral health problems. For the purposes of this sub-
section, California shall be considered to be 2 area offices, 
1 office whose location shall be considered to encompass 
the northern area of the State of California and 1 office 
whose jurisdiction shall be considered to encompass the 
remainder of the State of California. The Secretary shall 
consider the possible conversion of existing, underused 
Service hospital beds into psychiatric units to meet such 
need. 
‘‘SEC. 710. TRAINING AND COMMUNITY EDUCATION. 
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—The Secretary, in cooperation with 
the Secretary of the Interior, shall develop and implement 
or assist Indian tribes and tribal organizations to develop 
and implement, within each Service unit or tribal program, 
a program of community education and involvement which 
shall be designed to provide concise and timely information 
to the community leadership of each tribal community. 
Such program shall include education about behavioral 
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174 
health issues to political leaders, tribal judges, law en-
forcement personnel, members of tribal health and edu-
cation boards, health care providers including traditional 
practitioners, and other critical members of each tribal 
community. Such program may also include community- 
based training to develop local capacity and tribal commu-
nity provider training for prevention, intervention, treat-
ment, and aftercare. 
‘‘(b) INSTRUCTION.—The Secretary, acting through 
the Service, shall provide instruction in the area of behav-
ioral health issues, including instruction in crisis interven-
tion and family relations in the context of alcohol and sub-
stance abuse, child sexual abuse, youth alcohol and sub-
stance abuse, and the causes and effects of fetal alcohol 
spectrum disorders to appropriate employees of the Bu-
reau of Indian Affairs and the Service, and to personnel 
in schools or programs operated under any contract with 
the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the Service, including su-
pervisors of emergency shelters and halfway houses de-
scribed in section 4213 of the Indian Alcohol and Sub-
stance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 (25 
U.S.C. 2433). 
‘‘(c) TRAINING MODELS.—In carrying out the edu-
cation and training programs required by this section, the 
Secretary, in consultation with Indian tribes, tribal organi-
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185 
tions, and urban Indian organizations or enter into con-
tracts with, or make grants to appropriate institutions for, 
the conduct of research on the incidence and prevalence 
of behavioral health problems among Indians served by the 
Service, Indian tribes, or tribal organizations and among 
Indians in urban areas. Research priorities under this sec-
tion shall include— 
‘‘(1) the multifactorial causes of Indian youth 
suicide, including— 
‘‘(A) protective and risk factors and sci-
entific data that identifies those factors; and 
‘‘(B) the effects of loss of cultural identity 
and the development of scientific data on those 
effects; 
‘‘(2) the interrelationship and interdependence 
of behavioral health problems with alcoholism and 
other substance abuse, suicide, homicides, other in-
juries, and the incidence of family violence; and 
‘‘(3) the development of models of prevention 
techniques. 
‘‘(b) EMPHASIS.—The effect of the interrelationships 
and interdependencies referred to in subsection (a)(2) on 
children, and the development of prevention techniques 
under subsection (a)(3) applicable to children, shall be em-
phasized. 
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