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SEC. 7404. THOMAS JEFFERSON INITIATIVE FOR CROP DI-
VERSIFICATION. 
Section 405(h) of the Agricultural Research, Exten-
sion, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7625(h)) is amended by striking ‘‘2007’’ and inserting 
‘‘2012’’. 
SEC. 7405. INTEGRATED RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EX-
TENSION COMPETITIVE GRANTS PROGRAM. 
Section 406(f) of the Agricultural Research, Exten-
sion, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7626(f)) is amended by striking ‘‘2007’’ and inserting 
‘‘2012’’. 
SEC. 7406. FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM GRANTS. 
Section 408 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7628(e)) 
is amended— 
(1) in the heading for such section, by striking 
‘‘GRANT’’ and inserting ‘‘GRANTS’’; and 
(2) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘2007’’ and 
inserting ‘‘2012’’. 
SEC. 7407. BOVINE JOHNE’S DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAM. 
Section 409(b) of the Agricultural Research, Exten-
sion, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7629(b)) is amended by striking ‘‘2007’’ and inserting 
‘‘2012’’.
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SEC. 7408. GRANTS FOR YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS. 
Section 410 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7630) is 
amended by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(b) FLEXIBILITY.—The Secretary shall provide 
maximum flexibility in content delivery to each organiza-
tion receiving funds under this section so as to ensure that 
the unique goals of each organization, as well as the local 
community needs are fully met. 
‘‘(c) REDISTRIBUTION OF FUNDING WITHIN ORGA-
NIZATIONS AUTHORIZED.—Recipients of funds under this 
section are authorized to redistribute all or part of the 
funds received to individual councils or local chapters 
within such organization without further need of approval 
from the Secretary. 
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
such sums as are necessary for each of fiscal years 2008 
through 2012.’’. 
SEC. 7409. AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 
AND DEVELOPMENT FOR DEVELOPING COUN-
TRIES. 
Section 411(c) of the Agricultural Research, Exten-
sion, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C.
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7631(c)) is amended by striking ‘‘2007’’ and inserting 
‘‘2012’’. 
SEC. 7410. AGRICULTURAL BIOENERGY AND BIOBASED 
PRODUCTS RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
Title IV of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7621 et seq.) 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 412. AGRICULTURAL BIOENERGY AND BIOBASED 
PRODUCTS RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITION.—For the purposes of this section, 
the term ‘Initiative’ means the agricultural bioenergy and 
biobased products research initiative established by sub-
section (b). 
‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within 
the Department a bioenergy and biobased products re-
search initiative to enhance the production, sustainability, 
and conversion of biomass to renewable fuels and related 
products. 
‘‘(c) LABORATORY NETWORK.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 
out the Initiative through a bioenergy and biobased 
product laboratory network that may consist of— 
‘‘(A) Federal agencies; 
‘‘(B) national laboratories; 
‘‘(C) colleges and universities;
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‘‘(D) research institutions and organiza-
tions; 
‘‘(E) private organizations or corporations; 
‘‘(F) State agricultural experiment sta-
tions; and 
‘‘(G) individuals. 
‘‘(2) RESEARCH
AND
DEVELOPMENT
OBJEC-
TIVES.—The laboratory network shall focus on im-
proving biomass production and sustainability, and 
improving biomass conversion in biorefineries, by— 
‘‘(A) leveraging the broad scientific capa-
bilities of the Department in— 
‘‘(i) plant genetics and breeding; 
‘‘(ii) crop production; 
‘‘(iii) soil and water science; 
‘‘(iv) use of agricultural waste; 
‘‘(v) carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and 
lignin chemistry and biochemistry; 
‘‘(vi) enzyme development; 
‘‘(vii) fermentation; 
‘‘(viii) microbiology; 
‘‘(ix) cellulosic gasification; and 
‘‘(x) ethanol by-product utilization. 
‘‘(B) supporting bioenergy and biobased 
product research that will enhance the produc-
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tion, sustainability, and conversion of biomass 
to renewable fuels and related products; and 
‘‘(C) supporting bioenergy and biobased 
product research, and the dissemination of that 
research, that will assist in achieving the goals 
of this section. 
‘‘(d) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the Initiative, 
the Secretary shall ensure that the Director of the applica-
ble Program office established under section 7104(a)(1) 
shall coordinate projects and activities carried out under 
the Initiative with projects and activities under the Bio-
mass Research and Development Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 
8601 et seq) to ensure, to the maximum extent prac-
ticable, that— 
‘‘(1) duplication of effort is eliminated or mini-
mized; and 
‘‘(2) the respective strengths of the Department 
and the Department of Energy are maximized. 
‘‘(e) RESEARCH PROJECTS.—In carrying out this 
section, the Secretary shall award grants on a competitive 
basis. 
‘‘(f) ADMINISTRATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—For grants awarded under 
subsection (e)(2), the Secretary shall— 
‘‘(A) seek and accept proposals for grants;