190 
(D) metrics and reporting mechanisms to 
ensure progress in achieving the objectives of the 
plan within the three-year period described in 
paragraph (1); 
(E) identification and designation of a sin-
gle point of contact at each military installation 
and within each armed force under the jurisdic-
tion of the military department concerned to fa-
cilitate the deployment of fifth generation infor-
mation and communications technologies; 
(F) actions the Assistant Secretary intends 
to carry out to streamline the process for estab-
lishing fifth generation wireless coverage at mili-
tary installations, including actions to reduce 
delays caused by policies and processes relating 
to contracting, communications, and the use of 
real property; 
(G) identification of investments that are 
required to support the transition to fifth genera-
tion information and communications technology 
that uses an open radio access network approach; 
and 
(H) such other matters as the Assistant Sec-
retary considers appropriate. 
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(3) COORDINATION.—In developing the plans re-
quired under paragraph (1), each Assistant Secretary 
concerned shall coordinate with— 
(A) the Chief Information Officer of the De-
partment of Defense; 
(B) and the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment; and 
(C) the Under Secretary of Defense for Re-
search and Engineering. 
(4) FORM OF PLAN.—Each plan required under 
paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form. 
(b) CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAM ASSESSMENT.— 
(1) ASSESSMENT
AND
BRIEFING
REQUIRED.— 
After all of the plans required by subsection (a)(1) 
have been submitted in accordance with such sub-
section and not later than 150 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the cross-functional team 
established pursuant to section 224(c)(1) of the Wil-
liam M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Author-
ization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 
283; 10 U.S.C. 4571 note) shall assess such plans and 
provide to the congressional defense committees a 
briefing on the findings of the team with respect to 
such assessment. 
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(2) ELEMENTS.—The briefing provided under 
paragraph (1) shall include the following: 
(A) Recommendations to further accelerate 
the deployment of fifth-generation information 
and communications technologies that use the 
open radio access network approach across the 
Department of Defense. 
(B) Recommendations to standardize and 
streamline the process for establishing fifth gen-
eration wireless coverage at military installa-
tions, including recommendations for reducing 
delays caused by policies and processes relating 
to contracting, communications, and the use of 
real property. 
(C) A plan for the inclusion of representa-
tives of the Department of Defense in inter-
national wireless standards-setting bodies. 
(D) Such other matters as the cross-func-
tional team described in paragraph (1) considers 
appropriate. 
(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘Assistant Secretary concerned’’ 
means— 
(A) the Assistant Secretary of the Army for 
Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology, with re-
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spect to matters concerning the Department of 
the Army; 
(B) the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for 
Research, Development, and Acquisition, with re-
spect to matters concerning the Department of 
the Navy; and 
(C) the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force 
for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, with 
respect to matters concerning the Department of 
the Air Force. 
(2) The term ‘‘open radio access network ap-
proach’’ means an approach to networking, such as 
the Open Radio Access Network (commonly known as 
‘‘Open RAN’’), that uses open protocols and interfaces 
within a network so that components provided by dif-
ferent vendors can be interoperable. 
SEC. 235. PLAN FOR DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH 
PROJECTS AGENCY INNOVATION FELLOW-
SHIP PROGRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Defense Ad-
vanced Research Projects Agency shall develop a plan for 
the establishment of a fellowship program (to be known as 
the ‘‘Innovation Fellowship Program’’) to expand opportu-
nities for early career scientists to participate in the pro-
grams, projects, and other activities of the Agency. 
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(b) ELEMENTS.—In developing the plan under sub-
section (a), the Director of the Defense Advanced Research 
Projects Agency shall— 
(1) review the types of programs, projects, and 
other activities of the Agency that may be open to 
participation from early career scientists to identify 
opportunities for the expansion of such participation; 
(2) identify criteria for evaluating applicants to 
the fellowship program described in subsection (a); 
(3) establish detailed plans for the implementa-
tion of the fellowship program; 
(4) conduct an assessment of the potential costs 
of the fellowship program; 
(5) define eligibility requirements for partici-
pants in the fellowship program; and 
(6) address such other matters as the Director 
determines appropriate. 
(c) SUBMITTAL TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 
of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency shall sub-
mit to the congressional defense committee a report that in-
cludes— 
(1) the plan developed under subsection (a); and 
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(2) recommendations for expanding opportuni-
ties for early career scientists to participate in the 
programs, projects, and other activities of the Agency. 
(d) EARLY CAREER SCIENTIST DEFINED.—The term 
‘‘early career scientist’’ means a scientist who is in an early 
stage of career development according to criteria determined 
by the Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects 
Agency for purposes of this section. 
SEC. 236. STRATEGY AND PLAN FOR FOSTERING AND 
STRENGTHENING THE DEFENSE INNOVATION 
ECOSYSTEM. 
(a) STRATEGY
AND
IMPLEMENTATION
PLAN
RE-
QUIRED.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, acting through 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineer-
ing, shall develop— 
(1) a strategy fostering and strengthening the de-
fense innovation ecosystem; and 
(2) a plan for implementing such strategy. 
(b) PURPOSES.— 
(1) STRATEGY.—The purpose of the strategy re-
quired by subsection (a)(1) is to provide a framework 
for identifying, assessing, and tracking innovation 
ecosystems that are beneficial to advancing the de-
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fense, national security, and warfighting missions of 
the Department of Defense. 
(2) IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.—The purpose of the 
implementation plan required by subsection (a)(2) is 
to provide— 
(A) concrete steps and measures of effective-
ness to gauge the effect of the innovation eco-
systems described in paragraph (1) on the De-
partment; and 
(B) a means for assessing the effectiveness of 
the strategy developed under subsection (a)(1), 
including the approaches taken by the Depart-
ment to grow, foster, and sustain such innova-
tion ecosystems. 
(c) ELEMENTS.—The strategy and the implementation 
plan required by subsection (a) shall include the following 
elements: 
(1) A process for defining, assessing, and select-
ing innovation ecosystems with potential to provide 
benefit to the Department of Defense. 
(2) Metrics for measuring the performance and 
health of innovation ecosystems being supported by 
the Department, including identification of criteria to 
determine when to support or cease supporting identi-
fied ecosystems. 
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(3) Identification of the authorities and Depart-
ment of Defense research, development, test, and eval-
uation assets that can be used to identify, establish, 
sustain, and expand innovation ecosystems. 
(4) For each innovation ecosystem supported by 
the Department— 
(A) a description of the core competencies or 
focus areas of the ecosystem; 
(B) identification of any organizations or 
elements of the Department that engage with the 
ecosystem; 
(C) identification of the private sector assets 
that are being used to support, sustain, and ex-
pand the identified innovation ecosystem; and 
(D) a description of any challenges and suc-
cesses associated with such ecosystem. 
(5) Such other elements as the Secretary con-
siders appropriate. 
(d) INTERIM BRIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of De-
fense shall provide to the congressional defense committees 
a briefing on the strategy and implementation plan devel-
oped under subsection (a). 
(e) SUBMITTAL OF STRATEGY AND PLAN.—Not later 
than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
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the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
defense committees the strategy and implementation plan 
developed under subsection (a). 
(f) QUADRENNIAL UPDATES.—Not later than March 1, 
2027, and not less frequently than once ever four years 
thereafter until December 31, 2039, the Secretary shall— 
(1) update the strategy and plan developed under 
subsection (a); and 
(2) submit the updated strategy and plan to the 
congressional defense committees. 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘Department of Defense research, 
development, test, and evaluation assets’’ includes the 
following: 
(A) The Department of Defense science and 
technology reinvention laboratories designated 
under section 4121 of title 10, United States 
Code. 
(B) The Major Range and Test Facility 
Base (as defined in section 4173(i) of such title). 
(C) Department of Defense sponsored manu-
facturing innovation institutes. 
(D) The organic industrial base. 
(E) Defense Agencies and Department of 
Defense Field Activities (as defined in section 
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101(a) of title 10, United States Code) that 
carry out activities using funds appropriated for 
research, development, test, and evaluation. 
(F) Any other organization or element of 
the Department of Defense that carries out ac-
tivities using funds appropriated for research, 
development, test, and evaluation. 
(2) The term ‘‘innovation ecosystem’’ refers to a 
regionally based network of private sector, academic, 
and government institutions in a network of formal 
and informal institutional relationships that con-
tribute to technological and economic development in 
a defined technology sector or sectors. 
SEC. 237. ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY RELATING TO 
HYPERSONIC TESTING CAPACITY OF THE DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) ASSESSMENT.—The Secretary of Defense shall as-
sess the capacity of the Department of Defense to test, evalu-
ate, and qualify the hypersonic capabilities and related 
technologies of the Department. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The assessment under subsection (a) 
shall include the following: 
(1) An assumption, for purposes of evaluating 
the capacity described in subsection (a), that the De-
partment of Defense will conduct at least one full- 
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scale, operationally relevant, live-fire, hypersonic 
weapon test of each hypersonic weapon system that is 
under development each year by each of the Air Force, 
the Army, and the Navy, once such system reaches 
initial operational capability. 
(2) An identification of test facilities outside the 
Department of Defense that have potential to be used 
to expand the capacity described in subsection (a), in-
cluding test facilities of other departments and agen-
cies of the Federal Government, academia, and com-
mercial test facilities. 
(3) An analysis of the capability of each test fa-
cility identified under paragraph (2) to simulate var-
ious individual and coupled hypersonic conditions to 
accurately simulate a realistic flight-like environment 
with all relevant aero-thermochemical conditions. 
(4) An identification of the coordination, sched-
uling, reimbursement processes, and requirements 
needed for the potential use of test facilities of other 
departments and agencies of the Federal Government, 
as available. 
(5) An analysis of the test frequency, scheduling 
lead time, test cost, and capacity of each test facility 
identified under paragraph (2). 
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(6) A review of test facilities identified under 
paragraph (2) that could enhance efforts to test flight 
vehicles of the Department in all phases of hypersonic 
flight, and other technologies, including sensors, com-
munications, thermal protective shields and mate-
rials, optical windows, navigation, and environ-
mental sensors. 
(7) An assessment of any cost savings and time 
savings that could result from using technologies iden-
tified in the strategy under subsection (c). 
(c) STRATEGY.— 
(1) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a strategy to coordinate the po-
tential use of test facilities and ranges identified 
under subsection (b)(2) to evaluate hypersonic tech-
nologies. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy under paragraph 
(1) shall— 
(A) be based on the assessment under sub-
section (a); 
(B) address how the Secretary will coordi-
nate with other departments and agencies of the 
Federal Government, including the National Aer-
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202 
onautics and Space Administration, to plan for 
and schedule the potential use of other Federal 
Government-owned test facilities and ranges, as 
available, to evaluate the hypersonic technologies 
of the Department of Defense; 
(C) to the extent practicable, address in 
what cases the Secretary can use test facilities 
identified under subsection (b)(2) to fill any ex-
isting testing requirement gaps to enhance and 
accelerate 
flight 
qualification 
of 
critical 
hypersonic technologies of the Department; 
(D) identify— 
(i) the resources needed to improve the 
frequency 
and 
capacity 
for 
testing 
hypersonic technologies of the Department 
at ground-based test facilities and flight test 
ranges, including estimated costs for con-
ducting at least one full-scale, operationally 
relevant, live-fire, hypersonic weapon test of 
each hypersonic weapon system that is 
under development each year by each of the 
Air Force, the Army, and the Navy, once 
such system reaches initial operational ca-
pability; 
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203 
(ii) the resources needed to reimburse 
other departments and agencies of the Fed-
eral Government for the use of the test fa-
cilities and ranges of those departments or 
agencies to test the hypersonics technologies 
of the Department; 
(iii) the requirements, approval proc-
esses, and resources needed to enhance, as 
appropriate, the testing capabilities and ca-
pacity of other Federal Government-owned 
test facilities and flight ranges, in coordina-
tion with the heads of the relevant depart-
ments and agencies; 
(iv) investments that the Secretary can 
make to incorporate test facilities identified 
under subsection (b)(2) into the overall 
hypersonic test infrastructure of the Depart-
ment of Defense; and 
(v) the environmental conditions, test-
ing sizes, and duration required for flight 
qualification of both hypersonic cruise and 
hypersonic boost-glide technologies of the 
Department; and 
(E) address all advanced or emerging tech-
nologies that could shorten timelines and reduce 
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costs for hypersonic missile testing, including 
with respect to— 
(i) 3D printing of hypersonic test mis-
sile components including the frame, war-
head, and propulsion systems; 
(ii) reusable hypersonic test beds, in-
cluding air-launched, sea-launched, and 
ground-launched options; 
(iii) additive manufacturing solutions; 
(iv) the potential use of airborne plat-
forms other than the B–52 aircraft to im-
prove flight schedules for such testing; and 
(v) other relevant technologies. 
(3) COORDINATION.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall develop the strategy under paragraph (1) in co-
ordination with the Program Director of the Joint 
Hypersonics Transition Office, the Administrator of 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 
the research laboratories of the military departments, 
and the Department of Defense Test Resource Man-
agement Center. 
(d) REPORT ON ESTIMATED COSTS OF CONDUCTING 
A MINIMUM FREQUENCY OF HYPERSONIC WEAPONS TEST-
ING.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
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205 
the appropriate congressional committees a report that in-
cludes an estimate of the costs of conducting at least one 
full-scale, operationally relevant, live-fire, hypersonic weap-
on test of each hypersonic weapon system that is under de-
velopment each year by each of the Air Force, the Army, 
and the Navy, once such system reaches initial operational 
capability. 
(e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE-
FINED.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ 
means the following: 
(1) The congressional defense committees. 
(2) The Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the Senate. 
SEC. 238. ANNUAL REPORT ON STUDIES AND REPORTS OF 
FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND DEVEL-
OPMENT CENTERS. 
(a) ANNUAL REPORT REQUIRED.—On an annual 
basis, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Commit-
tees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Rep-
resentatives a report that identifies and provides informa-
tion about the studies and reports undertaken for the De-
partment of Defense by federally funded research and devel-
opment centers. 
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(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report submitted under sub-
section (a) shall set forth the following: 
(1) A list identifying each study and report un-
dertaken by a federally funded research center for the 
Department of Defense— 
(A) that has been completed during the pe-
riod covered by the report under subsection (a); 
or 
(B) that is in progress as of the date of the 
report under subsection (a). 
(2) For each study and report listed under para-
graph (1), the following: 
(A) The title of the study or report. 
(B) The federally funded research and devel-
opment center undertaking the study or report. 
(C) The amount of funding provided to the 
federally funded research and development center 
under the contract or other agreement pursuant 
to which the study or report is being produced 
or conducted. 
(D) The completion date or anticipated 
completion date of the study or report. 
(c) EXCEPTIONS.—The report required by subsection 
(a) shall not apply to the following: 
(1) Classified reports or studies. 
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(2) Technical reports associated with scientific 
research or technical development activities. 
(3) Any report or study undertaken pursuant to 
a contract or other agreement between a federally 
funded research and development center and an entity 
outside the Department of Defense. 
(4) Reports or studies that are in draft form or 
that have not undergone a peer-review or prepublica-
tion security review process established by the feder-
ally funded research and development center con-
cerned. 
(d) SPECIAL RULE.—Each report under subsection (a) 
shall be generated using the products and processes gen-
erated pursuant to section 908 of the William M. (Mac) 
Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 10 U.S.C. 111 note). 
(e) TERMINATION.—The requirement to submit annual 
reports under subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that 
is three years after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
SEC. 239. REPORT ON RECOMMENDATIONS FROM ARMY FU-
TURES COMMAND RESEARCH PROGRAM RE-
ALIGNMENT STUDY. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of the Army shall submit to the congressional defense com-
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(B) A description of any additional re-
sources or authorities required for implementa-
tion. 
(C) The plan for implementation. 
(5) For each recommendation under paragraph 
(3) the Secretary determines not to implement, a jus-
tification for the determination not to implement. 
(c) FORMAT.—The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
a classified annex. 
SEC. 240. REPORT ON POTENTIAL FOR INCREASED UTILIZA-
TION 
OF 
THE 
ELECTRONIC 
PROVING 
GROUNDS TESTING RANGE. 
(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
of Defense, acting through the Chair of the Electronic War-
fare Executive Committee of the Department of Defense, 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port on the Electronic Proving Grounds testing range lo-
cated at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The report under subsection (a) shall 
address— 
(1) the amount and types of testing activities 
conducted at the Electronic Proving Grounds testing 
range; 
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(2) any shortfalls in the facilities and equipment 
of the range; 
(3) the capacity of the range to be used for addi-
tional testing activities; 
(4) the possibility of using the range for the test-
ing activities of other Armed Forces, Federal agencies, 
and private-sector entities in the United States; 
(5) the capacity of the range to be used for real-
istic electronic warfare training; 
(6) electronic warfare training shortfalls at do-
mestic military installations generally; and 
(7) the feasibility and advisability of providing 
a dedicated training area for electronic warfare capa-
bilities. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In preparing the report under 
subsection (a), the Chair of the Electronic Warfare Execu-
tive Committee shall consult with the following: 
(1) The Under Secretary of Defense for Research 
and Engineering. 
(2) The Chief Information Officer of the Depart-
ment of Defense. 
(3) The Director of Operational Test and Eval-
uation of the Department of Defense. 
(4) The Commander of the United States Stra-
tegic Command. 
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(5) The Secretary of the Army. 
(6) The Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations 
Cross-Functional Team established pursuant to sec-
tion 911(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 
111 note). 
(7) The governments of Cochise County and Si-
erra Vista, Arizona. 
SEC. 241. STUDY ON COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH UNDERPER-
FORMING 
SOFTWARE 
AND 
INFORMATION 
TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
seek to enter into a contract or other agreement with an 
eligible entity to conduct an independent study on the chal-
lenges associated with the use of software and information 
technology in the Department of Defense, the effects of such 
challenges, and potential solutions to such challenges. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The independent study conducted 
under subsection (a) shall include the following: 
(1) A survey of members of each Armed Force 
under the jurisdiction of a Secretary of a military de-
partment to identify the most important software and 
information technology challenges that result in lost 
working hours, including— 
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(A) an estimate of the number of working 
hours lost due to each challenge and the cost of 
such lost working hours; 
(B) the effects of each challenge on service-
member and employee retention; and 
(C) any negative effects of each challenge on 
a mission of the Armed Force or military de-
partment concerned. 
(2) A summary of the policy or technical chal-
lenges that limit the ability of each Secretary of a 
military department to implement needed software 
and information technology reforms, which shall be 
determined based on interviews conducted with indi-
viduals who serve as a chief information officer (or 
an equivalent position) in a military department. 
(3) Development of a framework for assessing 
underperforming software and information tech-
nology, with an emphasis on foundational informa-
tion technology to standardize the measurement and 
comparison of programs across the Department of De-
fense and its component organizations. Such a frame-
work shall enable the assessment of underperforming 
software and information technology based on— 
(A) designs, interfaces, and functionality 
which prioritize user experience and efficacy; 
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(B) costs due to lost productivity; 
(C) reliability and sustainability; 
(D) comparisons between— 
(i) outdated or outmoded information 
technologies, software, and applications; 
and 
(ii) modern information technologies, 
software, and applications; 
(E) overhead costs for software and infor-
mation technology in the Department compared 
to the overhead costs for comparable software and 
information technology in the private sector; 
(F) comparison of the amounts the Depart-
ment planned to expend on software and infor-
mation technology services versus the amounts 
actually spent for such software and services; 
(G) the mean amount of time it takes to re-
solve technical problems reported by users; 
(H) the average rate, expressed in time, for 
remediating or patching weaknesses or flaws in 
information technologies, software, and applica-
tions; 
(I) workforce training time; and 
(J) customer satisfaction. 
(4) The development of recommendations— 
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214 
(A) to address the challenges identified 
under paragraph (1); and 
(B) to improve the processes through which 
the Secretary provides software and information 
technology throughout the Department, including 
through— 
(i) business processes reengineering; 
(ii) improvement of procurement or 
sustainment processes; 
(iii) remediation of hardware and soft-
ware technology gaps; and 
(iv) the development of more detailed 
and effective cost estimates. 
(c) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the eligible entity that 
conducts the study under subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Secretary of Defense and the congressional defense commit-
tees a report on the results of such study. 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means an inde-
pendent entity not under the direction or control of 
the Secretary of Defense, which may include a depart-
ment or agency of the Federal Government outside the 
Department of Defense. 
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(2) The term ‘‘software and information tech-
nology’’ does not include embedded software and in-
formation technology used for weapon systems. 
SEC. 242. STUDY AND REPORT ON SUFFICIENCY OF OPER-
ATIONAL TEST AND EVALUATION RESOURCES 
SUPPORTING CERTAIN MAJOR DEFENSE AC-
QUISITION PROGRAMS. 
(a) STUDY.—The Director of Operational Test and 
Evaluation of the Department of Defense shall conduct a 
study of at least one major defense acquisition program 
within each covered Armed Force to determine the suffi-
ciency of the operational test and evaluation resources sup-
porting such program. 
(b) ELEMENTS.—The study under subsection (a) shall 
include, with respect to each major defense acquisition pro-
gram evaluated as part of the study, the following: 
(1) Identification and assessment of the oper-
ational test and evaluation resources supporting the 
program— 
(A) as of the date of the study; 
(B) during the five-year period preceding 
the date of the study; and 
(C) over the period covered by the most re-
cent future-years defense program submitted to 
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Congress under section 221 of title 10, United 
States Code. 
(2) For any operational test and evaluation re-
sources determined to be insufficient to meet the needs 
of the program, an evaluation of the amount of addi-
tional funding and any other support that may be re-
quired to ensure the sufficiency of such resources. 
(3) The amount of Government-funded, con-
tractor-provided operational test and evaluation re-
sources— 
(A) provided for the program as of the date 
of the study; and 
(B) that are planned to be provided for the 
program after such date. 
(4) Such other matters as the Director of Oper-
ational Test and Evaluation determines to be relevant 
to the study. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Director of Operational 
Test and Evaluation shall submit to the congressional de-
fense committees a report on the results of the study con-
ducted under subsection (a). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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(1) The term ‘‘covered Armed Force’’ means the 
Army, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the Air Force, 
and the Space Force. 
(2) The term ‘‘major defense acquisition pro-
gram’’ has the meaning given that term in section 
4201 of title 10, United States Code. 
(3) The term ‘‘operational test and evaluation 
resources’’ means the facilities, specialized test assets, 
schedule, workforce, and any other resources sup-
porting operational test and evaluation activities 
under a major defense acquisition program. 
TITLE III—OPERATION AND 
MAINTENANCE 
Subtitle A—Authorization of Appropriations 
Sec. 301. Authorization of appropriations. 
Subtitle B—Energy and Environment 
Sec. 311. Center for Excellence in Environmental Security. 
Sec. 312. Participation in pollutant banks and water quality trading. 
Sec. 313. Consideration under Defense Environmental Restoration Program for 
State-owned facilities of the National Guard with proven expo-
sure of hazardous substances and waste. 
Sec. 314. Renewal of annual environmental and energy reports of Department of 
Defense. 
Sec. 315. Aggregation of energy conservation measures and funding. 
Sec. 316. Additional special considerations for energy performance goals and en-
ergy performance master plan. 
Sec. 317. Purchase or lease of electric, zero emission, advanced-biofuel-powered, or 
hydrogen-powered vehicles for the Department of Defense. 
Sec. 318. Clarification and requirement for Department of Defense relating to re-
newable biomass and biogas. 
Sec. 319. Programs of military departments on reduction of fuel reliance and 
promotion of energy-aware behaviors. 
Sec. 320. Establishment of joint working group to determine joint requirements 
for future operational energy needs of Department of Defense. 
Sec. 321. Amendment to budgeting of Department of Defense relating to extreme 
weather. 
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Sec. 322. Prototype and demonstration projects for energy resilience at certain 
military installations. 
Sec. 323. Pilot program for development of electric vehicle charging solutions to 
mitigate grid stress. 
Sec. 324. Pilot program on use of sustainable aviation fuel. 
Sec. 325. Policy to increase disposition of spent advanced batteries through recy-
cling. 
Sec. 326. Guidance and target goal relating to formerly used defense sites pro-
grams. 
Sec. 327. Analysis and plan for addressing heat island effect on military installa-
tions. 
Sec. 328. Limitation on replacement of non-tactical vehicle fleet of Department 
of Defense with electric vehicles, advanced-biofuel-powered vehi-
cles, or hydrogen-powered vehicles. 
Subtitle C—Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility 
Sec. 331. Defueling of Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility. 
Sec. 332. Authorization of closure of underground storage tank system at Red 
Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility. 
Sec. 333. Report on bulk fuel requirements applicable to United States Indo-Pa-
cific Command. 
Sec. 334. Placement of sentinel or monitoring wells in proximity to Red Hill 
Bulk Fuel Storage Facility. 
Sec. 335. Studies relating to water needs of the Armed Forces on Oahu. 
Sec. 336. Study on alternative uses for Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility. 
Sec. 337. Briefing on Department of Defense efforts to track health implications 
of fuel leaks at Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility. 
Subtitle D—Treatment of Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Polyfluoroalkyl 
Substances 
Sec. 341. Department 
of 
Defense 
research 
relating 
to 
perfluoroalkyl 
or 
polyfluoroalkyl substances. 
Sec. 342. Increase of transfer authority for funding of study and assessment on 
health implications of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances con-
tamination in drinking water by Agency for Toxic Substances 
and Disease Registry. 
Sec. 343. Prizes for development of non-PFAS-containing turnout gear. 
Sec. 344. Modification of limitation on disclosure of results of testing for 
perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances on private property. 
Sec. 345. Restriction on procurement or purchasing by Department of Defense of 
turnout gear for firefighters containing perfluoroalkyl substances 
or polyfluoroalkyl substances. 
Sec. 346. Annual report on PFAS contamination at certain military installa-
tions from sources other than aqueous film-forming foam. 
Sec. 347. Report on critical PFAS uses; briefings on Department of Defense pro-
curement of certain items containing PFOS or PFOA. 
Subtitle E—Logistics and Sustainment 
Sec. 351. Resources required for achieving materiel readiness metrics and objec-
tives for major defense acquisition programs. 
Sec. 352. Annual plan for maintenance and modernization of naval vessels. 
Sec. 353. Inclusion of information regarding joint medical estimates in readiness 
reports. 
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Sec. 354. Inapplicability of advance billing dollar limitation for relief efforts fol-
lowing major disasters or emergencies. 
Sec. 355. Repeal of Comptroller General review on time limitations on duration 
of public-private competitions. 
Sec. 356. Implementation of Comptroller General recommendations regarding 
Shipyard Infrastructure Optimization Plan of the Navy. 
Sec. 357. Limitation on availability of funds for military information support 
operations. 
Sec. 358. Notification of modification to policy regarding retention rates for Navy 
ship repair contracts. 
Sec. 359. Research and analysis on capacity of private shipyards in United 
States and effect of those shipyards on Naval fleet readiness. 
Sec. 360. Independent study relating to fuel distribution logistics across United 
States Indo-Pacific Command. 
Sec. 361. Quarterly briefings on expenditures for establishment of fuel distribu-
tion points in United States Indo-Pacific Command area of re-
sponsibility. 
Subtitle F—Matters Relating to Depots and Ammunition Production Facilities 
Sec. 371. Budgeting for depot and ammunition production facility maintenance 
and repair: annual report. 
Sec. 372. Extension of authorization of depot working capital funds for unspec-
ified minor military construction. 
Sec. 373. Five-year plans for improvements to depot and ammunition production 
facility infrastructure. 
Sec. 374. Modification to minimum capital investment for certain depots. 
Sec. 375. Continuation of requirement for biennial report on core depot-level 
maintenance and repair. 
Sec. 376. Continuation of requirement for annual report on funds expended for 
performance of depot-level maintenance and repair workloads. 
Sec. 377. Clarification of calculation for certain workload carryover of Depart-
ment of the Army. 
Subtitle G—Other Matters 
Sec. 381. Annual reports by Deputy Secretary of Defense on activities of Joint 
Safety Council. 
Sec. 382. Accountability for Department of Defense contractors using military 
working dogs. 
Sec. 383. Membership of Coast Guard on Joint Safety Council. 
Sec. 384. Inclusion in report on unfunded priorities National Guard responsibil-
ities in connection with natural and man-made disasters. 
Sec. 385. Support for training of National Guard personnel on wildfire preven-
tion and response. 
Sec. 386. Interagency collaboration and extension of pilot program on military 
working dogs and explosives detection. 
Sec. 387. Amendment to the Sikes Act. 
Sec. 388. National standards for Federal fire protection at military installations. 
Sec. 389. Pilot programs for tactical vehicle safety data collection. 
Sec. 390. Requirements relating to reduction of out-of-pocket costs of members of 
the Armed Forces for uniform items. 
Sec. 391. Implementation of recommendations relating to animal facility sanita-
tion and plan for housing and care of horses. 
Sec. 392. Continued designation of Secretary of the Navy as executive agent for 
Naval Small Craft Instruction and Technical Training School. 
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Sec. 393. Prohibition on use of funds for retirement of legacy maritime mine 
countermeasures platforms. 
Subtitle A—Authorization of 
Appropriations 
SEC. 301. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fis-
cal year 2023 for the use of the Armed Forces and other 
activities and agencies of the Department of Defense for ex-
penses, not otherwise provided for, for operation and main-
tenance, as specified in the funding table in section 4301. 
Subtitle B—Energy and 
Environment 
SEC. 311. CENTER FOR EXCELLENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL 
SECURITY. 
Chapter 7 of title 10, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting after section 182 the following new section (and 
conforming the table of sections at the beginning of such 
chapter accordingly): 
‘‘§ 182a. Center for Excellence in Environmental Secu-
rity 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense may 
operate a Center for Excellence in Environmental Security 
(in this section referred to as the ‘Center’). 
‘‘(b) MISSIONS.—(1) The Center shall be used to pro-
vide and facilitate education, training, and research in 
civil-military operations, particularly operations that re-
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quire international assistance and operations that require 
coordination between the Department of Defense and other 
Federal agencies. 
‘‘(2) The Center shall be used to provide and facilitate 
education, training, interagency coordination, and research 
on the following additional matters: 
‘‘(A) Management of the consequences of environ-
mental insecurity with respect to— 
‘‘(i) access to water, food, and energy; 
‘‘(ii) related health matters; and 
‘‘(iii) matters relating to when, how, and 
why environmental stresses to human safety, 
health, water, energy, and food will cascade to 
economic, social, political, or national security 
events. 
‘‘(B) Appropriate roles for the reserve compo-
nents in response to environmental insecurity result-
ing from natural disasters. 
‘‘(C) Meeting requirements for information in 
connection with regional and global disasters, includ-
ing through the use of advanced communications tech-
nology as a virtual library. 
‘‘(3) The Center shall perform such other missions as 
the Secretary of Defense may specify. 
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‘‘(4) To assist the Center in carrying out the missions 
under this subsection, upon request of the Center, the head 
of any Federal agency may grant to the Center access to 
the data, archives, and other physical resources (including 
facilities) of that agency, and may detail any personnel of 
that agency to the Center, for the purpose of enabling the 
development of global environmental indicators. 
‘‘(c) JOINT OPERATION WITH EDUCATIONAL INSTITU-
TION AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of Defense may enter 
into an agreement with appropriate officials of an institu-
tion of higher education to provide for the operation of the 
Center. Any such agreement shall provide for the institution 
to furnish necessary administrative services for the Center, 
including by directly providing such services or providing 
the funds for such services. 
‘‘(d) ACCEPTANCE OF DONATIONS.—(1) Except as pro-
vided in paragraph (2), the Secretary of Defense may ac-
cept, on behalf of the Center, donations to be used to defray 
the costs of the Center or to enhance the operation of the 
Center. Such donations may be accepted from any agency 
of the Federal Government, any State or local government, 
any foreign government, any foundation or other charitable 
organization (including any that is organized or operates 
under the laws of a foreign country), or any other private 
source in the United States or a foreign country. 
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‘‘(2) The Secretary may not accept a donation under 
paragraph (1) if the acceptance of the donation would com-
promise or appear to compromise— 
‘‘(A) the ability of the Department of Defense, 
any employee of the Department, or any member of 
the armed forces, to carry out any responsibility or 
duty of the Department or the armed forces in a fair 
and objective manner; or 
‘‘(B) the integrity of any program of the Depart-
ment of Defense or of any person involved in such a 
program. 
‘‘(3) The Secretary shall prescribe written guidance 
setting forth the criteria to be used in determining whether 
or not the acceptance of a foreign donation under para-
graph (1) would have a result described in paragraph (2). 
‘‘(4) Funds accepted by the Secretary under paragraph 
(1) as a donation on behalf of the Center shall be credited 
to appropriations available to the Department of Defense 
for the Center. Funds so credited shall be merged with the 
appropriations to which credited and shall be available for 
the Center for the same purposes and the same period as 
the appropriations with which merged.’’. 
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SEC. 312. PARTICIPATION IN POLLUTANT BANKS AND 
WATER QUALITY TRADING. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 159 of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 2694c 
the following new section: 
‘‘§ 2694d. Participation in pollutant banks and water 
quality trading 
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY TO PARTICIPATE.—The Secretary of 
a military department, and the Secretary of Defense with 
respect to matters concerning a Defense Agency, when en-
gaged in an authorized activity that may or will result in 
the discharge of pollutants, may make payments to a pollut-
ant banking program or water quality trading program ap-
proved in accordance with the Water Quality Trading Pol-
icy dated January 13, 2003, set forth by the Office of Water 
of the Environmental Protection Agency, or any successor 
administrative guidance or regulation. 
‘‘(b) TREATMENT
OF PAYMENTS.—Payments made 
under subsection (a) to a pollutant banking program or 
water quality trading program may be treated as eligible 
project costs for military construction. 
‘‘(c) DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS DEFINED.—In this 
section, the term ‘discharge of pollutants’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 502(12) of the Federal Water Pol-
lution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1362(12)) (commonly referred 
to as the ‘Clean Water Act’).’’. 
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(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections at 
the beginning of such chapter is amended by inserting after 
the item relating to section 2694c following new item: 
‘‘2694d. Participation in pollutant banks and water quality trading.’’. 
SEC. 313. CONSIDERATION UNDER DEFENSE ENVIRON-
MENTAL 
RESTORATION 
PROGRAM 
FOR 
STATE-OWNED FACILITIES OF THE NATIONAL 
GUARD WITH PROVEN EXPOSURE OF HAZ-
ARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND WASTE. 
(a) DEFINITION OF STATE-OWNED NATIONAL GUARD 
FACILITY.—Section 2700 of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following new para-
graph: 
‘‘(4) The term ‘State-owned National Guard fa-
cility’ includes land owned and operated by a State 
when such land is used for training the National 
Guard pursuant to chapter 5 of title 32 with funds 
provided by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary 
of a military department, even though such land is 
not under the jurisdiction of the Department of De-
fense.’’. 
(b) AUTHORITY FOR DEFENSE ENVIRONMENTAL RES-
TORATION PROGRAM.—Section 2701(a)(1) of such title is 
amended, in the first sentence, by inserting ‘‘and at State- 
owned National Guard facilities’’ before the period. 
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(c) RESPONSIBILITY FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS.—Sec-
tion 2701(c)(1) of such title is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(D) Each State-owned National Guard fa-
cility being used for training the National 
Guard pursuant to chapter 5 of title 32 with 
funds provided by the Secretary of Defense or the 
Secretary of a military department at the time 
of actions leading to contamination by haz-
ardous substances or pollutants or contami-
nants.’’. 
SEC. 314. RENEWAL OF ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND EN-
ERGY REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE. 
(a) ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT.—Section 2711 of title 
10, United States Code, is amended by striking subsections 
(a) and (b) and inserting the following new subsections: 
‘‘(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than March 31 
of each year, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Con-
gress a report on progress made by environmental programs 
of the Department of Defense during the preceding fiscal 
year. 
‘‘(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report under subsection (a) 
shall include, for the year covered by the report, the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘(1) With respect to environmental restoration 
activities of the Department of Defense, and for each 
of the military departments, information on the De-
fense Environmental Restoration Program under sec-
tion 2701 of this title, including— 
‘‘(A) the total number of sites at which such 
program was carried out; 
‘‘(B) the progress of remediation for sites 
that have not yet completed cleanup; 
‘‘(C) the remaining cost to complete cleanup 
of known sites; and 
‘‘(D) an assessment by the Secretary of De-
fense of the overall progress of such program. 
‘‘(2) An assessment by the Secretary of achieve-
ments for environmental conservation and planning 
by the Department. 
‘‘(3) An assessment by the Secretary of achieve-
ments for environmental compliance by the Depart-
ment. 
‘‘(4) An assessment by the Secretary of achieve-
ments for climate resiliency by the Department. 
‘‘(5) An assessment by the Secretary of the 
progress made by the Department in achieving the ob-
jectives and goals of the Environmental Technology 
Program of the Department. 
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‘‘(c) CONSOLIDATION.—The Secretary of Defense may 
consolidate, attach with, or otherwise include in any report 
required under subsection (a) any annual report or other 
requirement that is aligned or associated with, or would 
be better understood if presented as part of a consolidated 
report addressing environmental restoration, compliance, 
and resilience.’’. 
(b) ENERGY REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 2925 of such title is 
amended— 
(A) by amending the section heading to 
read as follows: ‘‘Annual report on energy 
performance, resilience, and readiness 
of Department of Defense’’; and 
(B) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and 
inserting the following new subsections: 
‘‘(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 240 days 
after the end of each fiscal year, the Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to the congressional defense committees a re-
port detailing the fulfillment during that fiscal year of the 
authorities and requirements under sections 2688, 2911, 
2912, 2920, and 2926 of this title, including progress on 
energy resilience at military installations and the use of 
operational energy in combat platforms and at contingency 
locations. 
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‘‘(b) ELEMENTS.—Each report under subsection (a) 
shall include the following: 
‘‘(1) For the year covered by the report, the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(A) A description of the progress made to 
achieve the goals of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (Public Law 109–58), section 2911(g) of 
this title, and the Energy Independence and Se-
curity Act of 2007 (Public Law 110–140). 
‘‘(B) A description of the energy savings, re-
turn on investment, and enhancements to instal-
lation mission assurance realized by the fulfill-
ment of the goals described in subparagraph (A). 
‘‘(C) A description of and progress toward 
the energy security, resilience, and performance 
goals and master planning for the Department of 
Defense, including associated metrics pursuant 
to subsections (c) and (d) of section 2911 of this 
title and requirements under section 2688(g) of 
this title. 
‘‘(D) An evaluation of progress made by the 
Department in implementing the operational en-
ergy strategy of the Department, including the 
progress of key initiatives and technology invest-
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ments related to operational energy demand and 
management. 
‘‘(E) Details of the amounts of any funds 
transferred by the Secretary of Defense pursuant 
to section 2912 of this title, including a detailed 
description of the purpose for which such 
amounts have been used. 
‘‘(2) Statistical information on operational en-
ergy demands of the Department, in terms of expendi-
tures and consumption, for the preceding five fiscal 
years, including information on funding made avail-
able in regular defense appropriations Acts and any 
supplemental appropriations Acts. 
‘‘(3) A description of each initiative related to 
the operational energy strategy of the Department 
and a summary of funds appropriated for each ini-
tiative in the previous fiscal year and current fiscal 
year and requested for each initiative for the next five 
fiscal years. 
‘‘(4) Such recommendations as the Secretary 
considers appropriate for additional changes in orga-
nization or authority within the Department to en-
able further implementation of the energy strategy 
and such other comments and recommendations as the 
Secretary considers appropriate. 
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‘‘(c) CLASSIFIED FORM.—If a report under subsection 
(a) is submitted in classified form, the Secretary of Defense 
shall, concurrently with such report, submit to the congres-
sional defense committees an unclassified version of the re-
port. 
‘‘(d) CONSOLIDATION.—The Secretary of Defense may 
consolidate, attach with, or otherwise include in any report 
required under subsection (a) any annual report or other 
requirement that is aligned or associated with, or would 
be better understood if presented as part of a consolidated 
report addressing energy performance, resilience, and readi-
ness.’’. 
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sec-
tions at the beginning of subchapter III of chapter 
173 of such title is amended by striking the item re-
lating to section 2925 and inserting the following new 
item: 
‘‘2925. Annual report on energy performance, resilience, and readiness of Depart-
ment of Defense.’’. 
(c) CONTINUATION OF REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1080(a) of the Na-
tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 
(Public Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 1000; 10 U.S.C. 111 
note) does not apply to the following reports: 
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(A) The report required to be submitted to 
Congress under section 2711 of title 10, United 
States Code. 
(B) The report required to be submitted to 
Congress under section 2925 of title 10, United 
States Code. 
(2) CONFORMING
REPEAL.—Section 1061(c) of 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 111 note) is 
amended by striking paragraphs (51) and (54). 
SEC. 315. AGGREGATION OF ENERGY CONSERVATION MEAS-
URES AND FUNDING. 
Section 2911 of title 10, United States Code, is amend-
ed by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
‘‘(j) AGGREGATE ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES 
AND FUNDING.—(1) To the maximum extent practicable, 
the Secretary concerned shall take a holistic view of the en-
ergy project opportunities on installations under the juris-
diction of such Secretary and shall consider aggregate en-
ergy conservation measures, including energy conservation 
measures with quick payback, with energy resilience en-
hancement projects and other projects that may have a 
longer payback period. 
‘‘(2) In considering aggregate energy conservation 
measures under paragraph (1), the Secretary concerned 
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shall incorporate all funding available to such Secretary for 
such measures, including— 
‘‘(A) appropriated funds, such as— 
‘‘(i) funds appropriated for the Energy Re-
silience and Conservation Investment Program of 
the Department; and 
‘‘(ii) funds appropriated for the Facilities 
Sustainment, Restoration, and Modernization 
program of the Department; and 
‘‘(B) funding available under performance con-
tracts, such as energy savings performance contracts 
and utility energy service contracts.’’. 
SEC. 316. ADDITIONAL SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR EN-
ERGY PERFORMANCE GOALS AND ENERGY 
PERFORMANCE MASTER PLAN. 
Section 2911(e) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new para-
graphs: 
‘‘(14) The reliability and security of energy re-
sources in the event of a military conflict. 
‘‘(15) The value of resourcing energy from part-
ners and allies of the United States.’’. 
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SEC. 317. PURCHASE OR LEASE OF ELECTRIC, ZERO EMIS-
SION, ADVANCED-BIOFUEL-POWERED, OR HY-
DROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES FOR THE DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
(a) REQUIREMENT.—Section 2922g of title 10, United 
States Code, is amended— 
(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘systems’’ and 
inserting ‘‘systems; purchase or lease of cer-
tain electric and other vehicles’’; 
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘In leasing’’ 
and inserting ‘‘During the period preceding October 
1, 2035, in leasing’’; 
(3) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘, during the 
period specified in subsection (a),’’ after ‘‘from au-
thorizing’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following new sub-
sections: 
‘‘(d) REQUIREMENT.—Except as provided in sub-
section (e), beginning on October 1, 2035, each covered non-
tactical vehicle purchased or leased by or for the use of the 
Department of Defense shall be— 
‘‘(1) an electric or zero emission vehicle that uses 
a charging connector type (or other means to trans-
mit electricity to the vehicle) that meets applicable in-
dustry accepted standards for interoperability and 
safety; 
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‘‘(2) an advanced-biofuel-powered vehicle; or 
‘‘(3) a hydrogen-powered vehicle. 
‘‘(e) RELATION TO OTHER VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES 
THAT REDUCE CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL FUELS.—Not-
withstanding the requirement under subsection (d), begin-
ning on October 1, 2035, the Secretary of Defense may au-
thorize the purchase or lease of a covered nontactical vehicle 
that is not described in such subsection if the Secretary de-
termines, on a case-by-case basis, that— 
‘‘(1) the technology used in the vehicle to be pur-
chased or leased reduces the consumption of fossil 
fuels compared to vehicles that use conventional inter-
nal combustion technology; 
‘‘(2) the purchase or lease of such vehicle is con-
sistent with the energy performance goals and plan of 
the Department of Defense required by section 2911 of 
this title; and 
‘‘(3) the purchase or lease of a vehicle described 
in subsection (d) is impracticable under the cir-
cumstances. 
‘‘(f) WAIVER.—(1) The Secretary of Defense may 
waive the requirement under subsection (d). 
‘‘(2) The Secretary of Defense may not delegate the 
waiver authority under paragraph (1). 
‘‘(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
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‘‘(1) The term ‘advanced-biofuel-powered vehicle’ 
includes a vehicle that uses a fuel described in section 
9001(3)(A) of the Farm Security and Rural Invest-
ment Act of 2202 (7 U.S.C. 8101(3)(A)). 
‘‘(2) The term ‘covered nontactical vehicle’ means 
any vehicle— 
‘‘(A) that is not a tactical vehicle designed 
for use in combat; and 
‘‘(B) that is purchased or leased by the De-
partment of Defense pursuant to a contract en-
tered into, renewed, modified, or amended on or 
after October 1, 2035. 
‘‘(3) The term ‘hydrogen-powered vehicle’ means 
a vehicle that uses hydrogen as the main source of 
motive power, either through a fuel cell or internal 
combustion.’’. 
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections at 
the beginning of subchapter II of chapter 173 of such title 
is amended by striking the item relating to section 2922g 
and inserting the following new item: 
‘‘2922g. Preference for motor vehicles using electric or hybrid propulsion systems; 
purchase or lease of certain electric and other vehicles.’’. 
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SEC. 318. CLARIFICATION AND REQUIREMENT FOR DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE RELATING TO RENEW-
ABLE BIOMASS AND BIOGAS. 
Section 2924 of title 10, United States Code, is amend-
ed— 
(1) in paragraph (6)— 
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) 
through (I) as subparagraphs (E) through (J), 
respectively; and 
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
following new subparagraph (D): 
‘‘(D) Biogas.’’; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new para-
graphs: 
‘‘(7) The term ‘biomass’ has the meaning given 
the term ‘renewable biomass’ in section 211(o)(1) of 
the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(o)(1)). 
‘‘(8) The term ‘biogas’ means biogas as such term 
is used in section 211(o)(1)(B)(ii)(V) of the Clean Air 
Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(o)(1)(B)(ii)(V)).’’. 
SEC. 319. PROGRAMS OF MILITARY DEPARTMENTS ON RE-
DUCTION OF FUEL RELIANCE AND PRO-
MOTION OF ENERGY-AWARE BEHAVIORS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Subchapter III of chapter 173 
of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
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the end the following new section (and conforming the table 
of sections at the beginning of such subchapter accordingly): 
‘‘§ 2928. Programs on reduction of fuel reliance and 
promotion of energy-aware behaviors 
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Each Secretary of a military 
department shall establish a program for the promotion of 
energy-aware behaviors and the reduction of unnecessary 
fuel consumption within that military department. 
‘‘(b) GOALS.—The goals of the programs established 
under subsection (a) shall be as follows: 
‘‘(1) To increase operational energy resiliency. 
‘‘(2) 
To 
decrease 
energy-related 
strategic 
vulnerabilities and enhance military readiness. 
‘‘(3) To integrate sustainability features for new 
and existing military installations and other facilities 
of the Department. 
‘‘(c) MINIMUM REQUIRED ELEMENTS.—Under the 
program of a military department under subsection (a), the 
Secretary of the military department shall carry out, with 
respect to the military department, and at a minimum, the 
following: 
‘‘(1) The development and implementation of a 
strategy for the collection and analysis of data on fuel 
consumption, to identify operational inefficiencies 
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and enable data-driven decision making with respect 
to fuel logistics and the reduction of fuel consumption. 
‘‘(2) The fostering of an energy-aware culture 
across the military department to reduce fuel con-
sumption, including through— 
‘‘(A) the incorporation of energy conserva-
tion and resiliency principles into training cur-
ricula and other training materials of the mili-
tary department, including by updating such 
materials to include information on the effect of 
energy-aware behaviors on improving readiness 
and combat capability; and 
‘‘(B) the review of standard operating pro-
cedures, and other operational manuals and pro-
cedures, of the military department, to identify 
procedures that increase fuel consumption with 
no operational benefit. 
‘‘(3) The integration of operational energy fac-
tors into the wargaming of the military department 
and related training activities that involve the mod-
eling of scenarios, in accordance with subsection (d), 
to provide to participants in such activities realistic 
data on the risks and challenges relating to oper-
ational energy and fuel logistics. 
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‘‘(4) The implementation of data-driven proce-
dures, operations planning, and logistics, to optimize 
cargo transport and refueling operations within the 
military department. 
‘‘(d) WARGAMING ELEMENTS.—In integrating oper-
ational energy factors into the wargaming and related 
training activities of a military department under sub-
section (c)(3), the Secretary of the military department 
shall seek to ensure that the planning, design, and execution 
of such activities include— 
‘‘(1) coordination with the elements of the mili-
tary department responsible for fuel and logistics 
matters, to ensure the modeling of energy demand and 
network risk during such activities are accurate, tak-
ing into account potential shortfalls and the direct 
and indirect effects of the efforts of foreign adversaries 
to target fuel supply chains; and 
‘‘(2) a focus on improving integrated life-cycle 
management processes and fuel supply logistics.’’. 
(b) DEADLINE FOR ESTABLISHMENT.—The programs 
required under section 2928 of title 10, United States Code, 
as added by subsection (a), shall be established by not later 
than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, each Secretary of a military de-
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241 
partment shall provide to the congressional defense commit-
tees a briefing on the establishment of the program of the 
military department required under such section 2928. 
SEC. 320. ESTABLISHMENT OF JOINT WORKING GROUP TO 
DETERMINE JOINT REQUIREMENTS FOR FU-
TURE OPERATIONAL ENERGY NEEDS OF DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 
Section 352 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 135 Stat. 1653) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new sub-
section: 
‘‘(e) ESTABLISHMENT OF JOINT WORKING GROUP TO 
DETERMINE JOINT REQUIREMENTS FOR FUTURE OPER-
ATIONAL ENERGY NEEDS OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.— 
‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish a joint working group (in this sub-
section referred to as the ‘working group’) to deter-
mine joint requirements for future operational energy 
needs of the Department of Defense. 
‘‘(2) EXECUTIVE AGENT.—The Secretary of the 
Air Force shall serve as the executive agent of the 
working group. 
‘‘(3) REQUIREMENTS SPECIFIED.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—In determining joint 
requirements under paragraph (1), the working 
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group shall address the operational energy needs 
of each military department and combatant com-
mand to meet energy needs in all domains of 
warfare, including land, air, sea, space, cyber-
space, subsea, and subterranean environments. 
‘‘(B) PRIORITY
FOR
CERTAIN
SYSTEMS.— 
Priority for joint requirements under paragraph 
(1) shall be given to independent operational en-
ergy systems that— 
‘‘(i) are capable of operating in austere 
and isolated environments with quick de-
ployment capabilities; and 
‘‘(ii) may reduce conventional air pol-
lution and greenhouse gas emissions com-
parable to systems already in use. 
‘‘(4) EXISTING OR NEW PROGRAMS.—The work-
ing group shall address the feasibility of meeting joint 
requirements 
determined 
under 
paragraph 
(1) 
through the existing energy programs of the Depart-
ment and make recommendations for new programs 
to meet such requirements. 
‘‘(5) FOCUS
AREAS.—In carrying out the re-
quirements under this subsection, the working group 
shall focus the efforts of the working group on oper-
ational energy, including— 
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‘‘(A) micro-reactors and small modular re-
actors; 
‘‘(B) hydrogen-based fuel systems, including 
hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen-based combus-
tion engines; 
‘‘(C) battery storage; 
‘‘(D) renewable energy sources; 
‘‘(E) retrofits to existing platforms that 
shall increase efficiencies; and 
‘‘(F) other technologies and resources that 
meet joint requirements determined under para-
graph (1). 
‘‘(6) RECOMMENDED PLAN OF ACTION.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this sub-
section, the Secretary shall submit to the congres-
sional defense committees a report, and provide 
to the congressional defense committees a classi-
fied briefing, outlining recommendations for pro-
grams to meet joint requirements for future oper-
ational energy needs of the Department of De-
fense by 2025, 2030, and 2040. 
‘‘(B) FOCUS
ON
READINESS
AND
FLEXI-
BILITY.—In submitting the report and providing 
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the briefing under subparagraph (A), the Sec-
retary shall— 
‘‘(i) address each element of the report 
or briefing, as the case may be, in the con-
text of maintaining or increasing the readi-
ness levels of the Armed Forces and the 
flexibility of operational elements within the 
Department; and 
‘‘(ii) disregard energy sources that do 
not increase such readiness and flexibility, 
with an explanation for the reason such 
sources were disregarded. 
‘‘(C) FORM.—The report under subpara-
graph (A) shall be submitted in unclassified 
form, but may include a classified annex. 
‘‘(7) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 
‘‘(A) The term ‘advanced nuclear reactor’ 
has the meaning given that term in section 
951(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16271(b)). 
‘‘(B) The term ‘micro-reactor’ means an ad-
vanced nuclear reactor that has an electric power 
production capacity that is not greater than 50 
megawatts that can be transported via land, air, 
or sea transport and can be redeployed. 
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‘‘(C) The term ‘small modular reactor’ 
means an advanced nuclear reactor— 
‘‘(i) with a rated capacity of less than 
300 electrical megawatts; or 
‘‘(ii) that can be constructed and oper-
ated in combination with similar reactors 
at a single site.’’. 
SEC. 321. AMENDMENT TO BUDGETING OF DEPARTMENT OF 
DEFENSE RELATING TO EXTREME WEATHER. 
Section 328(a) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116–92; 10 U.S.C. 
221 note) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and 
inserting a semicolon; 
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-
lowing new paragraph: 
‘‘(3) a calculation of the annual costs to the De-
partment for— 
‘‘(A) assistance that is— 
‘‘(i) provided to the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency or any Federal land 
management agency (as such term is de-
fined in section 802 of the Federal Lands 
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Recreation Enhancement Act (16 U.S.C. 
6801)) pursuant to a request for such assist-
ance and in consultation with the National 
Interagency Fire Center; or 
‘‘(ii) provided under title 10 or title 
32, United States Code, to any State, terri-
tory, or possession of the United States, re-
garding extreme weather; and 
‘‘(B) resourcing required to support— 
‘‘(i) wildfire response, recovery, or res-
toration efforts occurring within military 
installations or other facilities of the De-
partment; or 
‘‘(ii) any Federal agency other than 
the Department (including the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency and the 
National Interagency Fire Center) with re-
spect to wildfire response, recovery, or res-
toration efforts, where such resourcing is not 
reimbursed.’’. 
SEC. 322. PROTOTYPE AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS 
FOR ENERGY RESILIENCE AT CERTAIN MILI-
TARY INSTALLATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of appro-
priations for such purpose, each Secretary of a military de-
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partment shall ensure that covered prototype and dem-
onstration projects are conducted at each military installa-
tion under the jurisdiction of that Secretary that is des-
ignated by the Secretary of Defense as an ‘‘Energy Resil-
ience Testbed’’ pursuant to subsection (b). 
(b) SELECTION OF MILITARY INSTALLATIONS.— 
(1) NOMINATION.—Each Secretary of a military 
department shall nominate military installations 
under the jurisdiction of that Secretary for selection 
under paragraph (2), and submit to the Secretary of 
Defense a list of such nominations. 
(2) SELECTION.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Defense shall select, from among the lists of nomi-
nated military installations provided by the Secre-
taries of the military departments under paragraph 
(1), at least one such nominated military installation 
per military department for designation pursuant to 
paragraph (4). 
(3) CONSIDERATIONS.—In selecting military in-
stallations under paragraph (2), the Secretary of De-
fense shall, to the extent practicable, take into consid-
eration the following: 
(A) The mission of the installation. 
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248 
(B) The geographic terrain of the installa-
tion and of the community surrounding the in-
stallation. 
(C) The energy resources available to sup-
port the installation. 
(D) An assessment of any extreme weather 
risks or vulnerabilities at the installation and 
the community surrounding the installation. 
(4) 
DESIGNATION
AS
ENERGY
RESILIENCE 
TESTBED.—Each military installation selected under 
paragraph (2) shall be known as an ‘‘Energy Resil-
ience Testbed’’. 
(c) COVERED TECHNOLOGIES.—Covered prototype and 
demonstration projects conducted at military installations 
designated pursuant to subsection (b) shall include the pro-
totype and demonstration of technologies in the following 
areas: 
(1) Energy storage technologies, including long- 
duration energy storage systems. 
(2) Technologies to improve building energy effi-
ciency in a cyber-secure manner, such as advanced 
lighting controls, high-performance cooling systems, 
and technologies for waste heat recovery. 
(3) Technologies to improve building energy 
management and control in a cyber-secure manner. 
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249 
(4) Tools and processes for design, assessment, 
and decision making on the installation with respect 
to all hazards resilience and hazard analysis, energy 
use, management, and the construction of resilient 
buildings and infrastructure. 
(5) Carbon sequestration technologies. 
(6) Technologies relating to on-site resilient en-
ergy generation, including the following: 
(A) Advanced geothermal technologies. 
(B) Advanced nuclear technologies, includ-
ing small modular reactors. 
(7) Port electrification and surrounding defense 
community infrastructure. 
(8) Tidal and wave power technologies. 
(9) Distributed ledger technologies. 
(d) BRIEFING.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in 
consultation with the Secretaries of the military depart-
ments, shall provide to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a briefing on the conduct of covered prototype and 
demonstration projects at each military installation des-
ignated pursuant to subsection (b). Such briefing shall in-
clude the following: 
(1) An identification of each military installa-
tion so designated. 
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(2) A justification as to why each military in-
stallation so designated was selected for such designa-
tion. 
(3) A strategy for commencing the conduct of 
such projects at each military installation so des-
ignated by not later than one year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act. 
(e) DEADLINE FOR COMMENCEMENT OF PROJECTS.— 
Beginning not later than one year after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, covered prototype and demonstration 
projects shall be conducted at, and such conduct shall be 
incorporated into the mission of, each military installation 
designated pursuant to subsection (b). 
(f) RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADMINISTRATION AND OVER-
SIGHT.—Notwithstanding the responsibility of the Sec-
retary of Defense to select each military installation for des-
ignation pursuant to subsection (b)(2), the administration 
and oversight of the conduct of covered prototype and dem-
onstration projects at a military installation so designated, 
as required under subsection (a), shall be the responsibility 
of the Secretary of the military department with jurisdic-
tion over that military installation. 
(g) CONSORTIUMS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Each Secretary of a military 
department may enter into a partnership with, or 
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seek to establish, a consortium of industry, academia, 
and other entities described in paragraph (2) to con-
duct covered prototype and demonstration projects at 
a military installation that is under the jurisdiction 
of that Secretary and designated by the Secretary of 
Defense pursuant to subsection (b). 
(2) CONSORTIUM
ENTITIES.—The entities de-
scribed in this paragraph are as follows: 
(A) National laboratories. 
(B) Industry entities the primary work of 
which relates to technologies and business models 
relating to energy resilience and all hazards re-
silience. 
(h) AUTHORITIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Covered prototype and dem-
onstration projects required under this section may be 
conducted as part of the program for operational en-
ergy prototyping established under section 324(c) of 
the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 
116–283; 134 Stat. 3523; 10 U.S.C. 2911 note) (in-
cluding by using funds available under the Oper-
ational Energy Prototyping Fund established pursu-
ant to such section), using the other transactions au-
thority under section 4021 or 4022 of title 10, United 
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States Code, or using any other available authority or 
funding source the Secretary of Defense determines 
appropriate. 
(2) FOLLOW-ON
PRODUCTION
CONTRACTS
OR 
TRANSACTIONS.—Each Secretary of a military de-
partment shall ensure that, to the extent practicable, 
any transaction entered into under the other trans-
actions authority under section 4022 of title 10, 
United States Code, for the conduct of a covered pro-
totype and demonstration project under this section 
shall provide for the award of a follow-on production 
contract or transaction pursuant to subsection (f) of 
such section 4022. 
(i) INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION.—In carrying out 
this section, to the extent practicable, the Secretary of De-
fense shall collaborate with the Secretary of Energy and the 
heads of such other Federal departments and agencies as 
the Secretary of Defense may determine appropriate, in-
cluding by entering into relevant memoranda of under-
standing. 
(j) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section 
shall be construed as precluding any Secretary of a military 
department from carrying out any activity, including con-
ducting a project or making an investment, relating to the 
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improvement of energy resilience or all hazards resilience 
under an authority other than this section. 
(k) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means— 
(A) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives; and 
(B) the Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
of the Senate. 
(2) The term ‘‘community infrastructure’’ has 
the meaning given that term in section 2391(e) of 
title 10, United States Code. 
(3) The term ‘‘covered prototype and demonstra-
tion project’’ means a project to prototype and dem-
onstrate advanced technologies to enhance energy re-
silience, including with respect to energy supply dis-
ruptions, and all hazards resilience at a military in-
stallation. 
(4) The term ‘‘military installation’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 2867 of title 10, 
United States Code. 
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SEC. 323. PILOT PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ELEC-
TRIC VEHICLE CHARGING SOLUTIONS TO 
MITIGATE GRID STRESS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in coordi-
nation with the Secretaries of the military departments, 
and in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall 
carry out a pilot program to develop and test covered infra-
structure to mitigate grid stress caused by electric vehicles 
through the implementation and maintenance on certain 
military installations of charging stations, microgrids, and 
other covered infrastructure sufficient to cover the energy 
demand at such installations. 
(b) SELECTION OF MILITARY INSTALLATIONS.— 
(1) SELECTION.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, each Secretary 
of a military department shall— 
(A) select at least one military installation 
of each Armed Force under the jurisdiction of 
that Secretary at which to carry out the pilot 
program under subsection (a); and 
(B) submit to the Committees on Armed 
Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Senate a notification containing an identifica-
tion of each such selected installation. 
(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In choosing a military 
installation for selection pursuant to paragraph (1), 
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each Secretary of a military department shall take 
into account the following: 
(A) A calculation of existing loads at the 
installation and the existing capacity of the in-
stallation for the charging of electric vehicles, in-
cluding (as applicable) light duty trucks. 
(B) Any required upgrades to covered infra-
structure on the installation, including electrical 
wiring, anticipated by the Secretary. 
(C) The ownership, financing, operation, 
and maintenance models of existing and planned 
covered infrastructure on the installation. 
(D) An assessment of local grid needs, and 
any required updates relating to such needs an-
ticipated by the Secretary. 
(c) REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after 
the date on which a Secretary of a military depart-
ment submits a notification identifying a selected 
military installation under subsection (b), that Sec-
retary shall submit to the Committee on Armed Serv-
ices and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the Senate a report on— 
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(A) the covered infrastructure to be imple-
mented under the pilot program at the installa-
tion; 
(B) the methodology by which each type of 
covered infrastructure so implemented shall be 
assessed for efficacy and efficiency at providing 
sufficient energy to cover the anticipated energy 
demand of the electric vehicle fleet at the instal-
lation and mitigating grid stress; and 
(C) the maintenance on the military instal-
lation of charging stations and other covered in-
frastructure, including a microgrid, that will be 
sufficient to— 
(i) cover the anticipated electricity de-
mand of such fleet; and 
(ii) improve installation energy resil-
ience. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—Each report under paragraph 
(1) shall include, with respect to the selected military 
installation for which the report is submitted, the fol-
lowing: 
(A) A determination of the type and num-
ber of charging stations to implement on the in-
stallation, taking into account the interoper-
ability of chargers and the potential future needs 
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or applications for chargers, such as vehicle-to- 
grid or vehicle-to-building applications. 
(B) A determination of the optimal owner-
ship model to provide charging stations on the 
installation, taking into account the following: 
(i) Use of Government-owned (pur-
chased, installed, and maintained) charging 
stations. 
(ii) Use of third-party financed, in-
stalled, operated, and maintained charging 
stations. 
(iii) Use of financing models in which 
energy and charging infrastructure oper-
ations and maintenance are treated as a 
service. 
(iv) Cyber and physical security con-
siderations and best practices associated 
with different ownership, network, and con-
trol models. 
(C) A determination of the optimal power 
source to provide charging stations at the instal-
lation, taking into account the following: 
(i) Transformer and substation re-
quirements. 
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(ii) Microgrids and distributed energy 
to support both charging requirements and 
energy storage. 
(3) SOURCE OF SERVICES.—Each Secretary of a 
military department may use expertise within the 
military department or enter into a contract with a 
non-Department of Defense entity to make the deter-
minations specified in paragraph (2). 
(d) FINAL REPORT.—Not later than January 1, 2025, 
the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
committees specified in subsection (c)(1) a final report on 
the pilot program under subsection (a). Such report shall 
include the observations and findings of the Department re-
lating to the charging stations and other covered infrastruc-
ture implemented and maintained under such pilot pro-
gram, including with respect to the elements specified in 
subsection (c)(2). 
(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The terms ‘‘Armed Forces’’ and ‘‘military de-
partments’’ have the meanings given those terms in 
section 101 of title 10, United States Code. 
(2) The term ‘‘charging station’’ means a collec-
tion of one or more electric vehicle supply equipment 
units serving the purpose of charging an electric vehi-
cle battery. 
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(3) The term ‘‘covered infrastructure’’— 
(A) means infrastructure that the Secretary 
of Defense determines may be used to— 
(i) charge electric vehicles, including 
by transmitting electricity to such vehicles 
directly; or 
(ii) support the charging of electric ve-
hicles, including by supporting the resil-
ience of grids or other systems for delivering 
energy to such vehicles (such as through the 
mitigation of grid stress); and 
(B) includes— 
(i) charging stations; 
(ii) batteries; 
(iii) battery-swapping systems; 
(iv) microgrids; 
(v) off-grid charging systems; and 
(vi) other apparatuses installed for the 
specific purpose of delivering energy to an 
electric vehicle or to a battery intended to be 
used in an electric vehicle, including wire-
less charging technologies. 
(4) The term ‘‘electric vehicle’’ includes— 
(A) a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that 
uses a combination of electric and gas powered 
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engine that can use either gasoline or electricity 
as a fuel source; and 
(B) a plug-in electric vehicle that runs sole-
ly on electricity and does not contain an inter-
nal combustion engine or gas tank. 
(5) The term ‘‘electric vehicle supply equipment 
unit’’ means the port that supplies electricity to one 
vehicle at a time. 
(6) The term ‘‘microgrid’’ means a group of 
interconnected loads and distributed energy resources 
within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts 
as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. 
(7) The term ‘‘military installation’’ has the 
meaning given that term in section 2801 of title 10, 
United States Code. 
(8) The term ‘‘wireless charging’’ means the 
charging of a battery by inductive charging or by any 
means in which a battery is charged without a wire, 
or plug-in wire, connecting the power source and bat-
tery. 
SEC. 324. PILOT PROGRAM ON USE OF SUSTAINABLE AVIA-
TION FUEL. 
(a) PILOT PROGRAM REQUIRED.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of 
appropriations for such purpose, the Secretary of De-
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fense shall conduct a pilot program on the use of sus-
tainable aviation fuel by the Department of Defense 
(in this section referred to as the ‘‘pilot program’’). 
(2) DESIGN OF PROGRAM.—The pilot program 
shall be designed to— 
(A) identify any logistical challenges with 
respect to the use of sustainable aviation fuel by 
the Department; 
(B) promote understanding of the technical 
and performance characteristics of sustainable 
aviation fuel when used in a military setting; 
and 
(C) engage nearby commercial airports to 
explore opportunities and challenges to partner 
on the increased use of sustainable aviation fuel. 
(b) SELECTION OF FACILITIES.— 
(1) SELECTION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Defense shall select not fewer than 
two geographically diverse facilities of the De-
partment at which to carry out the pilot pro-
gram. 
(B) ONSITE REFINERY.—Not fewer than one 
facility selected under subparagraph (A) shall be 
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a facility with an onsite refinery that is located 
in proximity to not fewer than one major com-
mercial airport that is also actively seeking to 
increase the use of sustainable aviation fuel. 
(2) NOTICE TO CONGRESS.—Upon the selection 
of each facility under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional commit-
tees notice of the selection, including an identification 
of the facility selected. 
(c) USE OF SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL.— 
(1) PLANS.—For each facility selected under sub-
section (b), not later than one year after the selection 
of the facility, the Secretary shall— 
(A) develop a plan on how to implement, by 
September 30, 2028, a target of exclusively using 
at the facility aviation fuel that is blended to 
contain not less than 10 percent sustainable 
aviation fuel; 
(B) submit the plan developed under sub-
paragraph (A) to the appropriate congressional 
committees; and 
(C) provide to the appropriate congressional 
committees a briefing on such plan that includes, 
at a minimum— 
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(i) a description of any operational, 
infrastructure, or logistical requirements, 
and recommendations, for the blending and 
use of sustainable aviation fuel; and 
(ii) a description of any stakeholder 
engagement in the development of the plan, 
including any consultations with nearby 
commercial airport owners or operators. 
(2) IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANS.—For each facil-
ity selected under subsection (b), during the period be-
ginning on a date that is not later than September 
30, 2028, and for five years thereafter, the Secretary 
shall require, in accordance with the respective plan 
developed under paragraph (1), the exclusive use at 
the facility of aviation fuel that is blended to contain 
not less than 10 percent sustainable aviation fuel. 
(d) CRITERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL.— 
Sustainable aviation fuel used under the pilot program 
shall meet the following criteria: 
(1) Such fuel shall be produced in the United 
States from domestic feedstock sources. 
(2) Such fuel shall constitute drop-in fuel that 
meets all specifications and performance requirements 
of the Department of Defense and the Armed Forces. 
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(e) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive the use of sus-
tainable aviation fuel at a facility under the pilot program 
if the Secretary— 
(1) determines such use is not feasible due to a 
lack of domestic availability of sustainable aviation 
fuel or a national security contingency; and 
(2) submits to the congressional defense commit-
tees notice of such waiver and the reasons for such 
waiver. 
(f) FINAL REPORT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—At the conclusion of the pilot 
program, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for En-
ergy, Installations, and Environment shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a final re-
port on the pilot program. 
(2) ELEMENTS.—The report under paragraph 
(1) shall include each of the following: 
(A) An assessment of the effect of using sus-
tainable aviation fuel on the overall fuel costs of 
blended fuel. 
(B) A description of any operational, infra-
structure, or logistical requirements, and rec-
ommendations, for the blending and use of sus-
tainable aviation fuel, with a focus on scaling up 
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adoption of such fuel throughout the Armed 
Forces. 
(C) Recommendations with respect to how 
military installations can leverage proximity to 
commercial airports and other jet fuel consumers 
to increase the rate of use of sustainable aviation 
fuel, for both military and non-military use, in-
cluding potential collaboration on innovative fi-
nancing or purchasing and shared supply chain 
infrastructure. 
(D) A description of the effects on perform-
ance and operation of aircraft using sustainable 
aviation fuel, including— 
(i) if used, considerations of various 
blending ratios and the associated benefits 
thereof; 
(ii) efficiency and distance improve-
ments of flights using sustainable aviation 
fuel; 
(iii) weight savings on large transpor-
tation aircraft and other types of aircraft 
by using blended fuel with higher concentra-
tions of sustainable aviation fuel; 
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(iv) maintenance benefits of using sus-
tainable aviation fuel, including with re-
spect to engine longevity; 
(v) the effect of the use of sustainable 
aviation fuel on emissions and air quality; 
(vi) the effect of the use of sustainable 
aviation fuel on the environment and on 
surrounding communities, including envi-
ronmental justice factors that are created by 
the demand for and use of sustainable avia-
tion fuel by the Department of Defense; and 
(vii) benefits with respect to job cre-
ation in the sustainable aviation fuel pro-
duction and supply chain. 
(g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-
mittees’’ means the following: 
(A) The Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Transportation and Infra-
structure of the House of Representatives. 
(B) The Committee on Armed Services and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate. 
(2) The term ‘‘sustainable aviation fuel’’ has the 
meaning given such term in section 40007(e) of the 
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Act titled ‘An Act to provide for reconciliation pursu-
ant to title II of S. Con. Res. 14’ (Public Law 117– 
169). 
SEC. 325. POLICY TO INCREASE DISPOSITION OF SPENT AD-
VANCED BATTERIES THROUGH RECYCLING. 
(a) POLICY REQUIRED.—Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment, in 
coordination with the Director of the Defense Logistics 
Agency, shall establish a policy to increase the disposition 
of spent advanced batteries of the Department of Defense 
through recycling (including by updating the Department 
of Defense Manual 4160.21, titled ‘‘Defense Material Dis-
position: Disposal Guidance and Procedures’’, or such suc-
cessor document, accordingly), for the purpose of supporting 
the reclamation and return of precious metals, rare earth 
metals, and elements of strategic importance (such as cobalt 
and lithium) into the supply chain or strategic reserves of 
the United States. 
(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—In developing the policy under 
subsection (a), the Assistant Secretary shall consider, at a 
minimum, the following recycling methods: 
(1) Pyroprocessing. 
(2) Hydroprocessing. 
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(3) Direct cathode recycling, relithiation, and 
upcycling. 
SEC. 326. GUIDANCE AND TARGET GOAL RELATING TO FOR-
MERLY USED DEFENSE SITES PROGRAMS. 
(a) GUIDANCE RELATING TO SITE PRIORITIZATION.— 
The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installa-
tions, and Environment shall issue guidance setting forth 
how, in prioritizing sites for activities funded under the 
‘‘Environmental Restoration Account, Formerly Used De-
fense Sites’’ account established under section 2703(a)(5) of 
title 10, United States Code, the Assistant Secretary shall 
weigh the relative risk or other factors between Installation 
Restoration Program sites and Military Munitions Re-
sponse Program sites. 
(b) TARGET GOAL
FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS RE-
SPONSE PROGRAM.—The Assistant Secretary of Defense for 
Energy, Installations, and Environment shall establish a 
target goal for the completion of the cleanup of all Military 
Munitions Response Program sites. 
SEC. 327. ANALYSIS AND PLAN FOR ADDRESSING HEAT IS-
LAND EFFECT ON MILITARY INSTALLATIONS. 
(a) INSTALLATION ANALYSIS.—Each Secretary of a 
military department shall conduct an analysis of the mili-
tary installations under the jurisdiction of that Secretary 
to assess the extent to which heat islands affect readiness, 
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infrastructure service life, and utilities costs. Each such 
analysis shall contain each of the following: 
(1) An analysis of how heat islands exacerbate 
summer heat conditions and necessitate the increased 
use of air conditioning on the installations, including 
an estimate of the cost of such increased usage with 
respect to both utilities costs and shortened service life 
of air conditioning units. 
(2) An assessment of any readiness effects related 
to heat islands, including the loss of training hours 
due to black flag conditions, and the corresponding 
cost of such effects. 
(b) PLAN.—Based on the results of the analyses con-
ducted under subsection (a), the Secretaries of the military 
departments shall jointly— 
(1) develop a plan for mitigating the effects of 
heat islands at the most severely affected installations, 
including by increasing tree coverage, installing cool 
roofs or green roofs, and painting asphalt; and 
(2) promulgate best practices enterprise-wide for 
cost avoidance and reduction of the effects of heat is-
lands. 
(c) BRIEFING.—Not later than September 30, 2024, the 
Secretaries of the military departments shall jointly provide 
to the congressional defense committees a briefing on— 
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(1) the findings of each analysis conducted under 
subsection (a); 
(2) the plan developed under subsection (b); and 
(3) such other matters as the Secretaries deter-
mine appropriate. 
(d) HEAT ISLAND DEFINED.—The term ‘‘heat island’’ 
means an area with a high concentration of structures (such 
as building, roads, and other infrastructure) that absorb 
and re-emit the sun’s heat more than natural landscapes 
such as forests or bodies of water. 
SEC. 328. LIMITATION ON REPLACEMENT OF NON-TACTICAL 
VEHICLE FLEET OF DEPARTMENT OF DE-
FENSE 
WITH 
ELECTRIC 
VEHICLES, 
AD-
VANCED-BIOFUEL-POWERED 
VEHICLES, 
OR 
HYDROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Until the date on which the Sec-
retary of Defense submits to the Committees on Armed Serv-
ices of the House of Representatives and the Senate the re-
port described in subsection (b), the Secretary may not 
enter into an indefinite delivery-indefinite quantity deliv-
ery order contract to procure and replace the existing non- 
tactical vehicle fleet of the Department of Defense with elec-
tric vehicles, advanced-biofuel-powered vehicles, or hydro-
gen-powered vehicles. 
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(b) ELEMENTS.—The report described in this sub-
section shall include the following: 
(1) A cost estimate for the procurement by the 
Secretary of Defense, or through contract mechanisms 
used by the Department (such as energy savings per-
formance contracts), of electric non-tactical vehicles to 
replace the existing non-tactical vehicle fleet of the 
Department, which shall include— 
(A) an estimated cost per unit and number 
of units to be procured of each type of electric 
non-tactical vehicle (such as trucks, buses, and 
vans); 
(B) the cost associated with building the re-
quired infrastructure to support electric non-tac-
tical vehicles, including charging stations and 
electric grid requirements; 
(C) a lifecycle cost comparison between elec-
tric vehicles and combustion engine vehicles of 
each type (such as an electric truck versus a con-
ventional truck); 
(D) maintenance requirements of electric ve-
hicles compared to combustion engine vehicles; 
and 
(E) for each military department, a cost 
comparison over periods of three, five, and 10 
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years of pursuing an electric non-tactical vehicle 
fleet versus continuing with combustion engine 
non-tactical vehicles. 
(2) An assessment of the current and projected 
supply chain shortfalls, including critical minerals, 
for electric vehicles and combustion engine vehicles. 
(3) An assessment of the security risks associated 
with data collection conducted with respect to electric 
vehicles, combustion engine vehicles, and the related 
computer systems for each. 
(4) An assessment of the current range require-
ments for electric vehicles compared to combustion en-
gine vehicles and the average life of vehicles of the De-
partment necessary to maintain current readiness re-
quirements of the Department. 
(5) An identification of components for electric 
non-tactical vehicles, advanced-biofuel-powered vehi-
cles, hydrogen-powered vehicles, and combustion en-
gine vehicles that are currently being sourced from the 
People’s Republic of China. 
(6) An assessment of the mid- and long-term 
costs and benefits to the Department of falling behind 
industry trends related to the adoption of alternative 
fuel vehicles including electric vehicles, hydrogen-pow-
ered vehicles, and advanced-biofuel-powered vehicles. 
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(7) An assessment of the long-term availability 
to the Department of internal combustion engines and 
spare parts for such engines, including whether or not 
such engines and spare parts will be manufactured in 
the United States or repairable with parts made in 
the United States and labor in the United States. 
(8) An assessment of the relative risks associated 
with parking and storing electric vehicles, hydrogen- 
powered vehicles, advanced-biofuel-powered vehicles, 
and combustion engine vehicles inside parking struc-
tures, including fire risk and water damage. 
(c) ADDITIONAL PROHIBITION.—None of the funds au-
thorized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made 
available for the Department of Defense may be obligated 
or expended to procure non-tactical vehicles that are electric 
vehicles, advanced-biofuel-powered vehicles, or hydrogen- 
powered vehicles, or any components or spare parts associ-
ated with such vehicles, that are not in compliance with 
subpart 22.15 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation (or any 
successor regulations). 
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
(1) The term ‘‘advanced-biofuel-powered vehicle’’ 
includes a vehicle that uses a fuel described in section 
9001(3)(A) of the Farm Security and Rural Invest-
ment Act of 2202 (7 U.S.C. 8101(3)(A)). 
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(8) The term ‘‘tactical vehicle’’ means a motor 
vehicle designed to military specification, or a com-
mercial design motor vehicle modified to military 
specification, to provide direct transportation support 
of combat or tactical operations, or for the training 
of personnel for such operations. 
Subtitle C—Red Hill Bulk Fuel 
Storage Facility 
SEC. 331. DEFUELING OF RED HILL BULK FUEL STORAGE 
FACILITY. 
(a) DEADLINE FOR COMPLETION OF DEFUELING.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall 
complete the defueling of the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Stor-
age Facility in a safe and expeditious manner by a 
deadline that is approved by the State of Hawaii De-
partment of Health. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 30 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and quarterly there-
after until the completion of the defueling of the Red 
Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, the Secretary of De-
fense shall submit to the congressional defense com-
mittees, and make publicly available on an appro-
priate website of the Department of Defense, a report 
on the status of such defueling. 
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(b) 
PLANNING
AND
IMPLEMENTATION
OF 
DEFUELING.—The Secretary of Defense shall plan for and 
implement the defueling of the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage 
Facility in consultation with the Administrator of the En-
vironmental Protection Agency and the State of Hawaii 
Department of Health. 
(c) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of 
Defense may not begin the process of defueling the Red Hill 
Bulk Storage Facility until the date on which the Secretary 
submits to the congressional defense committees a notifica-
tion that such defueling would not adversely affect the abil-
ity of the Department of Defense to provide fuel to support 
military operations in the area of responsibility of the 
United States Indo-Pacific Command. 
SEC. 332. AUTHORIZATION OF CLOSURE OF UNDERGROUND 
STORAGE TANK SYSTEM AT RED HILL BULK 
FUEL STORAGE FACILITY. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—The Secretary of Defense may 
close the underground storage tank system at the Red Hill 
Bulk Fuel Storage Facility of the Department of Defense 
located in Hawaii (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Facil-
ity’’). 
(b) PLAN FOR FACILITY CLOSURE AND POST-CLOSURE 
CARE.— 
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(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
the Navy shall submit to the Committees on Armed 
Services of the House of Representatives and the Sen-
ate a plan for— 
(A) the closure of the Facility, along with a 
report on the cost projections for such closure; 
(B) monitoring of the Facility following clo-
sure; 
(C) corrective actions to mitigate fuel re-
leases of groundwater at the Facility, including 
resources necessary for the Secretary of the Navy 
to conduct such actions at the Facility; 
(D) coordination and communication with 
applicable Federal and State regulatory authori-
ties, and surrounding communities, on release 
response and remediation activities conducted by 
the Secretary of the Navy at the Facility; 
(E) improvements to processes, procedures, 
organization, training, leadership, education, fa-
cilities, and policy of the Department of Defense 
related to best practices for the remediation and 
closure of the Facility; and 
(F) measures to ensure that future strategic 
level assets of the Department of Defense are 
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properly maintained and critical environmental 
assets are protected. 
(2) PREPARATION OF PLAN.—The Secretary of 
the Navy shall prepare the plan required under para-
graph (1) in consultation with the following: 
(A) The Environmental Protection Agency. 
(B) The Hawaii Department of Health. 
(C) The United States Geological Survey. 
(D) Any other relevant Federal or State 
agencies the Secretary considers appropriate. 
(c) IDENTIFICATION OF POINT OF CONTACT AT DE-
PARTMENT OF DEFENSE.—Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, to ensure clear and con-
sistent communication relating to defueling, closure, and re-
lease response, the Secretary of Defense shall identify a sin-
gle point of contact within the Office of the Secretary of 
Defense to oversee and communicate with the public and 
Members of Congress regarding the status of the Facility. 
(d) WATER MONITORING BRIEFING.—Not later than 
60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary of the Navy shall provide to the Committees on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Senate a briefing on the status of the ground water moni-
toring program— 
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(1) to monitor movement of the fuel plume in the 
aquifer surrounding the Facility; 
(2) to monitor long-term impacts to such aquifer 
and local water bodies resulting from fuel releases 
from the Facility; and 
(3) to coordinate with the Agency for Toxic Sub-
stances and Disease Registry of the Department of 
Health and Human Services as the Agency conducts 
a follow up to the previously conducted voluntary sur-
vey of individuals and entities potentially impacted 
by fuel releases from the Facility. 
SEC. 333. REPORT ON BULK FUEL REQUIREMENTS APPLICA-
BLE TO UNITED STATES INDO-PACIFIC COM-
MAND. 
(a) LIMITATION.—Of the funds authorized to be appro-
priated by this Act or otherwise made available for fiscal 
year 2023 for the Office of the Secretary of Defense for ad-
ministration and service-wide activities, not more than 90 
percent may be obligated or expended until the Secretary 
of Defense submits to the congressional defense committees 
a report that includes the following elements: 
(1) The bulk fuel requirements of the United 
States Indo-Pacific Command associated with the 
operational plans of the command that involve the 
most stress on bulk fuel, disaggregated by theater com-
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(B) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘220’’ 
and inserting ‘‘218’’; 
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘151’’ 
and inserting ‘‘149’’; 
(D) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘187’’ 
and inserting ‘‘170’’; and 
(E) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) For the Space Force, 21.’’; and 
(2) in subsection (b)(2), by adding at the end the 
following new subparagraph: 
‘‘(E) For the Space Force, 6.’’. 
SEC. 505. EXTENSION OF GRADE RETENTION FOR CERTAIN 
OFFICERS AWAITING RETIREMENT. 
Section 601(b)(5) of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ‘‘retirement, but not for more than 60 
days.’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘retirement, but— 
‘‘(A) subject to subparagraph (B), not for 
more than 60 days; and 
‘‘(B) with respect to an officer awaiting re-
tirement following not less than one year of con-
secutive deployment outside of the United States 
to a combat zone (as defined in section 112(c) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) or in sup-
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