H. R. 133—1944 
other Tibetan stakeholders in the development and implementa-
tion of grassland management policies, in order to utilize their 
indigenous experience in mitigation and stewardship of the 
land and to assess policies on the forced resettlement of nomads; 
and 
(3) encourage a regional framework on water security, or 
use existing frameworks, such as the Lower Mekong Initiative, 
to facilitate cooperative agreements among all riparian nations 
that would promote transparency, sharing of information, pollu-
tion regulation, and arrangements on impounding and diversion 
of waters that originate on the Tibetan Plateau. 
SEC. 344. DEMOCRACY IN THE TIBETAN EXILE COMMUNITY. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) The 14th Dalai Lama advocates the Middle Way 
Approach, which seeks genuine autonomy for the 6,000,000 
Tibetans in Tibet. 
(2) The 14th Dalai Lama has overseen a process of democra-
tization within the Tibetan polity and devolved his political 
responsibilities to the elected representatives of the Tibetan 
people in exile in 2011. 
(3) In 2011 and again in 2016, members of the Tibetan 
exile community across some 30 countries held free and fair 
elections to select political leaders to serve in the Central 
Tibetan Administration parliament and as chief executive. 
(4) The Dalai Lama has said that the Central Tibetan 
Administration will cease to exist once a negotiated settlement 
has been achieved that allows Tibetans to freely enjoy their 
culture, religion, and language in Tibet. 
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that— 
(1) Tibetan exile communities around the world should 
be commended for the adoption of a system of self-governance 
with democratic institutions to choose their leaders; 
(2) the Dalai Lama should be commended for his decision 
to devolve political authority to elected leaders in accordance 
with democratic principles; 
(3) as of the date of the enactment of this Act, the Central 
Tibetan Administration is the institution that represents and 
reflects, to the greatest extent, the aspirations of the Tibetan 
diaspora around the world, and the Sikyong is the President 
of the Central Tibetan Administration; and 
(4) as consistent with section 621(d)(3) of the Tibetan Policy 
Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note), the United States Special 
Coordinator for Tibetan Issues should continue to maintain 
close contact with the religious, cultural, and political leaders 
of the Tibetan people. 
SEC. 345. SUSTAINABILITY IN TIBETAN COMMUNITIES SEEKING TO 
PRESERVE THEIR CULTURE, RELIGION, AND LANGUAGE. 
The Secretary of State should urge the Government of Nepal 
to honor the Gentleman’s Agreement with the United Nations High 
Commissioner for Refugees and the Government of India, which 
commits the Government of Nepal to respect the principle of non- 
refoulement by continuing to give Tibetan new arrivals access to 
the territory of Nepal and allowing them safe passage through 
Nepal to India.
H. R. 133—1945 
SEC. 346. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES SPECIAL COORDINATOR FOR 
TIBETAN ISSUES.—There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 for the Office of 
the United States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues. 
(b) TIBETAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM AND NGAWANG CHOEPHEL 
EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.— 
(1) TIBETAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM.—There is authorized 
to be appropriated $675,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 
through 2025 to carry out the Tibetan scholarship program 
established under section 103(b)(1) of the Human Rights, Ref-
ugee, and Other Foreign Relations Provisions Act of 1996 
(Public Law 104–319; 22 U.S.C. 2151 note). 
(2) NGAWANG CHOEPHEL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.—There is 
authorized to be appropriated $575,000 for each of the fiscal 
years 2021 through 2025 to carry out the ‘‘Ngawang Choephel 
Exchange Programs’’ (formerly known as ‘‘programs of edu-
cational and cultural exchange between the United States and 
the people of Tibet’’) under section 103(a) of the Human Rights, 
Refugee, and Other Foreign Relations Provisions Act of 1996 
(Public Law 104–319; 110 Stat. 3865). 
(c) HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT TO TIBETAN REFU-
GEES IN SOUTH ASIA.—Amounts authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available to carry out chapter 9 of part I of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.) and the 
Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962 (Public Law 87– 
510) for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 are authorized 
to be made available for humanitarian assistance, including food, 
medicine, clothing, and medical and vocational training, for Tibetan 
refugees in South Asia who have fled facing a credible threat 
of persecution in the People’s Republic of China. 
(d) TIBETAN AUTONOMOUS REGION AND TIBETAN COMMUNITIES 
IN CHINA.—There is authorized to be appropriated $8,000,000 for 
each year of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 under chapter 
4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2346 et seq.) to support activities for Tibetan communities in the 
Tibet Autonomous Region and in other Tibetan communities in 
China that are conducted in accordance with subsection 616(d) 
of the Tibetan Policy Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note). 
(e) ASSISTANCE
FOR TIBETANS
IN INDIA
AND NEPAL.—There 
is authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
years 2021 through 2025 under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346 et seq.) for programs to 
promote and preserve Tibetan culture and language development, 
and the resilience of Tibetan communities in India and Nepal, 
and to assist in the education and development of the next genera-
tion of Tibetan leaders from such communities. 
(f) TIBETAN GOVERNANCE.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated $3,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 
under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2346 et seq.) for programs to strengthen the capacity 
of Tibetan institutions and strengthen democracy, governance, 
information and international outreach, and research. 
(g) VOICE OF AMERICA AND RADIO FREE ASIA.— 
(1) VOICE OF AMERICA.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated $3,344,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 through
H. R. 133—1946 
2025 to Voice of America for broadcasts described in paragraph 
(3). 
(2) RADIO FREE ASIA.—There is authorized to be appro-
priated $4,060,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 through 
2025 to Radio Free Asia for broadcasts described in paragraph 
(3). 
(3) BROADCASTS DESCRIBED.—Broadcasts described in this 
paragraph are broadcasts to provide uncensored news and 
information in the Tibetan language to Tibetans, including 
Tibetans in Tibet. 
Subtitle F—The United States – Northern 
Triangle Enhanced Engagement Act 
SEC. 351. SHORT TITLE. 
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘The United States – Northern 
Triangle Enhanced Engagement Act’’. 
SEC. 352. STRATEGY TO ADVANCE PROSPERITY, COMBAT CORRUP-
TION, STRENGTHEN DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, AND 
IMPROVE CIVILIAN SECURITY IN EL SALVADOR, GUATE-
MALA, AND HONDURAS. 
(a) ELEMENTS.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 5-year 
strategy to advance economic prosperity, combat corruption, 
strengthen democratic governance, and improve civilian security 
in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras and to curb irregular 
migration from the region. 
(b) CONSIDERATION.—In developing the strategy required under 
this section, the Secretary of State should consider the following 
priorities: 
(1) Promoting economic prosperity, including by— 
(A) supporting market-based solutions to eliminate con-
straints to inclusive economic growth; 
(B) addressing the underlying causes of poverty and 
inequality; 
(C) responding to immediate humanitarian needs by 
improving humanitarian outcomes, including through 
access to sanitation, hygiene, and shelter, and by enabling 
the provision of health resources; 
(D) supporting conservation and community resilience 
and strengthening community preparedness for natural 
disasters; 
(E) identifying, as appropriate, a role for relevant 
United States agencies and the United States private sector 
in supporting efforts to increase private sector investment 
and advance economic prosperity; and 
(F) improving domestic resource mobilization, including 
by strengthening tax collection and enforcement and legal 
arbitration mechanisms. 
(2) Combating corruption, including by— 
(A) strengthening the capacity of national justice sys-
tems and attorneys generals to identify and prosecute
H. R. 133—1947 
money laundering and other financial crimes and breaking 
up financial holdings of organized criminal syndicates, 
including illegally acquired lands and proceeds from illegal 
activities; 
(B) strengthening special prosecutorial offices and 
financial institutions to conduct asset forfeitures and 
criminal analysis, and to combat corruption, money laun-
dering, financial crimes, extortion, and human rights 
crimes; 
(C) implementing transparent, merit-based selection 
processes for prosecutors and judges and the development 
of professional and merit-based civil services; 
(D) establishing or strengthening methods, procedures 
for internal and external control mechanisms for the secu-
rity and police services and judiciary; and 
(E) supporting anticorruption efforts through bilateral 
assistance and complementary support through multilat-
eral anticorruption mechanisms when necessary. 
(3) Advancing democratic governance, including by— 
(A) strengthening government institutions at the local 
and national levels to provide services and respond to cit-
izen needs through transparent, inclusive, and democratic 
processes; 
(B) strengthening access to information laws and 
reforming laws that currently limit access to information; 
(C) building the capacity of independent media to 
engage in professional investigative journalism; 
(D) ensuring that threats and attacks on journalists, 
labor leaders, human rights defenders, and other members 
of civil society are fully investigated and perpetrators are 
held accountable; and 
(E) strengthening electoral institutions and processes 
to ensure free, fair, and transparent elections. 
(4) Improving security conditions, including by— 
(A) implementing the Central America Regional Secu-
rity Initiative; 
(B) increasing the professionalization of security serv-
ices, including the civilian police and military units; 
(C) combating the illicit activities of transnational 
criminal organizations through support to fully vetted ele-
ments of attorneys general offices, appropriate government 
institutions, and security services; and 
(D) enhancing the capacity of relevant security services 
and attorneys general to support counternarcotics efforts 
and combat human trafficking, forcible recruitment of chil-
dren and youth by gangs, gender-based violence, and other 
illicit activities, including trafficking of wildlife, and nat-
ural resources. 
(c) CONSULTATION.—In developing the strategy required under 
this section, the Secretary of State may consult with civil society 
and the private sector in the United States, El Salvador, Guatemala, 
and Honduras. 
(d) BENCHMARKS.—The strategy required under this section 
shall include annual benchmarks to track the strategy’s progress 
in curbing irregular migration from the region to the United States 
and improving conditions in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras 
by measuring progress in key areas, including—