the distribution of financial services, including 
through financial services electronic networks. 
(2) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The Sec-
retary of the Treasury may conduct or support such 
research and development as the Secretary considers 
appropriate in order to further the purpose of this 
section, including the collection of information about 
access to financial services. 
(3) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary of the 
Treasury is authorized to promulgate regulations to 
implement and administer the program under this 
section. 
(g) STUDY ON DELIVERY OF TAX REFUNDS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treas-
ury, in consultation with the National Taxpayer Ad-
vocate, shall conduct a study on the feasibility of de-
livering tax refunds on debit cards, prepaid cards, 
and other electronic means to assist individuals that 
do not have access to financial accounts or institu-
tions. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall submit a report to Congress con-
taining the results of the study conducted under 
paragraph (1). 
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SEC. 308. ADDITIONAL STUDIES. 
(a) STUDY ON ACCELERATED PROCESSING OF IN-
FORMATION RETURNS.— 
(1) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(A) Under current procedures, the Internal 
Revenue Service processes income tax returns 
before it processes most information returns, 
including Forms W–2, which report wages and 
tax withholding, and Forms 1099, which report 
interest, dividends, and other payments. 
(B) The sequence described in subpara-
graph (A) makes little logical sense. 
(C) From a taxpayer perspective, the se-
quence leads to millions of cases where tax-
payers inadvertently make overclaims that the 
Internal Revenue Service does not identify until 
months later, exposing the taxpayer not only to 
a tax liability but to penalties and interest 
charges as well. 
(D) From the Federal Government’s per-
spective, this sequence creates opportunities for 
fraud and requires the Internal Revenue Service 
to devote resources to recovering refunds that 
should not have been paid and that it often 
cannot recover. 
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(2) STUDY.—The Secretary of the Treasury, in 
consultation with the National Taxpayer Advocate, 
shall conduct a study to identify and recommend leg-
islative and administrative changes that would en-
able the Internal Revenue Service to receive and 
process information reporting documents before it 
processes tax returns. In conducting the study, the 
Secretary shall consider, among other factors, the 
issues identified in the National Taxpayer Advo-
cate’s 2009 Annual Report to Congress. 
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall submit a report to Congress describ-
ing the results of the study conducted under para-
graph (2). 
(b) STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLLECTION 
ALTERNATIVES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treas-
ury, in consultation with the National Taxpayer Ad-
vocate, shall conduct a study to assess the effective-
ness of collection alternatives, especially offers in 
compromise, on long-term tax compliance. Such a 
study shall analyze a group of taxpayers who applied 
for offers in compromise 5 or more years ago and 
compare the amount of revenue collected from the 
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taxpayers whose offers were accepted with the 
amount of revenue collected from the taxpayers 
whose offers were rejected, and compare, among the 
taxpayers whose offers were rejected, the amount 
they offered with the amounts collected. 
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall submit a report to Congress con-
taining the results of the study conducted under 
paragraph (1). 
Æ 
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