(1) The qualification of hydrogen aviation fuel. 
(2) The safe transition to such fuel for aircraft. 
(3) The advancement of certification efforts for 
such fuel. 
SEC. 204. AIR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE OVER OCEANS AND 
OTHER REMOTE LOCATIONS. 
(a) AIR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE OVER OCEANS.— 
The Administrator, in consultation with the Administrator 
of NASA and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, 
shall carry out research, development, demonstration, and 
testing on civilian air traffic surveillance over oceans and 
other remote locations. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the research, 
development, demonstration, and testing under subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall— 
(1) consider the need for international inter-
operability of technologies, data, operations, and air 
traffic control systems; 
(2) examine the status of using air traffic sur-
veillance technologies, including space-based Auto-
matic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast, to facili-
tate the implementation of minimal separation 
standards over United States-controlled oceanic air-
space; 
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(3) identify mitigating approaches to reducing 
any operational challenges, associated costs, or work-
load impacts; and 
(4) use testing, data collection, evaluation, and 
analysis on the use of air traffic surveillance tech-
nologies, including space-based Automatic Depend-
ent Surveillance-Broadcast, to support the activities 
described in paragraphs (1) through (3). 
(c) PILOT PROGRAM.—The Administrator may carry 
out a pilot program to test and evaluate air traffic surveil-
lance equipment over United States-controlled oceanic air-
space and other remote locations. 
(d) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the activities carried out under this section. 
SEC. 205. UTILIZATION OF SPACE-BASED ASSETS TO IM-
PROVE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AND AVIA-
TION SAFETY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Using amounts available under 
section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, the Ad-
ministrator, in coordination with the Administrator of the 
NASA, and in consultation with industry stakeholders, 
shall carry out research, development, demonstration, and 
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testing of air traffic Space-Based Automatic Dependent 
Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data. 
(b) RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the re-
search, development, demonstration, and testing under 
subsection (a) the Administrator shall focus on the fol-
lowing: 
(1) Monitoring and automatically reporting air 
turbulence events. 
(2) Providing space-based multilateration sur-
veillance. 
(3) Identifying global positioning system (GPS) 
and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) dis-
ruptions affecting air traffic services and assessing 
the impact of such events on the safety of air traffic 
and the National Airspace System. 
(4) Evaluating the feasibility of implementing 
and using aviation safety technologies and systems 
using space-based Automatic Dependent Surveil-
lance-Broadcast data. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall pro-
vide to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the research and development program under sub-
section (a) and the information obtained pursuant to the 
activities researched pursuant to subsection (b). 
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SEC. 206. AVIATION WEATHER TECHNOLOGY REVIEW. 
(a) REVIEW.—The Administrator, in consultation 
with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration, shall conduct a review of cur-
rent and planned research, modeling, and technology capa-
bilities that have the potential to more accurately detect 
and predict weather impacts to aviation, inform how ad-
vanced predictive models can enhance aviation operations, 
and increase national airspace system safety and effi-
ciency. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
containing the results of the review conducted under sub-
section (a). 
SEC. 207. AIR TRAFFIC SURFACE OPERATIONS SAFETY. 
(a) RESEARCH.—The Administrator, in consultation 
with the Administrator of NASA and the heads of other 
appropriate Federal agencies, shall continue to carry out 
research on technologies and operations to enhance air 
traffic surface operations safety. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—The research program under 
subsection (a) shall examine the following: 
(1) The safety of current air traffic control op-
erations. 
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(2) Emerging in-cockpit technologies to enhance 
ground situational awareness. 
(3) Emerging technologies to enhance air traffic 
control situational awareness. 
(4) Air traffic surface operations safety for di-
verse advanced air mobility operations. 
(5) Safety and operational data needed to in-
form current and future safety programs on ad-
vanced air mobility vehicles. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the research carried out under this section, including 
regarding the transition into operational use of such re-
search. 
SEC. 208. AIRPORT AND AIRFIELD PAVEMENT TECH-
NOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRAM. 
Section 744 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 
(Public Law 115–254; 49 U.S.C. 44505 note) is amend-
ed— 
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’; 
(2) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘durable air-
field pavements.’’ and inserting ‘‘resilient and sus-
tainable airfield pavements; and’’; and 
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(3) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph: 
‘‘(5) develop sustainability and resiliency guide-
lines to improve long-term pavement performance 
and reduce carbon emissions.’’. 
SEC. 209. TECHNOLOGY REVIEW OF ARTIFICIAL INTEL-
LIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING TECH-
NOLOGIES. 
(a) REVIEW.—The Administrator shall conduct a re-
view of current and planned artificial intelligence and ma-
chine learning technologies to improve airport efficiency 
and safety. 
(b) SUMMARIES.—The review conducted under sub-
section (a) shall include examination of the application of 
artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to 
the following: 
(1) Jet bridges. 
(2) Airport service vehicles on airport move-
ment areas. 
(3) Aircraft taxi. 
(4) FAA air traffic control operations. 
(5) Airport security. 
(6) Any other areas the Administrator deter-
mines necessary to help improve airport efficiency 
and safety. 
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(c) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
containing the results of the review conducted under sub-
section (a). 
SEC. 210. RESEARCH PLAN FOR COMMERCIAL SUPERSONIC 
RESEARCH. 
Not later than one year after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act, the Administrator, in consultation with 
the Administrator of NASA and industry, shall submit to 
the appropriate committees of Congress a comprehensive 
research plan to build on research and development and 
identify any further research and development needed to 
support establishment of Federal and international poli-
cies, regulations, standards, and recommended practices 
relating to the certification and safe and efficient oper-
ation of civil supersonic aircraft and supersonic overland 
flight. 
SEC. 211. ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM RESEARCH AND 
DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall conduct 
research, engineering, and development related to the ef-
fective and efficient use and management of radio fre-
quency spectrum in the civil aviation domain, including for 
aircraft, unmanned aircraft systems, and advanced air 
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mobility. Such research, engineering, and development 
shall, at a minimum, address the following: 
(1) How reallocation or repurposing of radio 
frequency spectrum adjacent to spectrum allocated 
for communication, navigation, and surveillance may 
impact the safety of civil aviation. 
(2) The effectiveness of measures to identify 
risks, protect, and mitigate against spectrum inter-
ference in frequency bands used in civil and commer-
cial aviation operations to ensure public safety. 
(3) The implications, including risks, of new or 
emerging technologies or other factors on the envi-
ronment for radio frequency spectrum interference. 
(4) How various new or emerging technologies 
may enable improvements in the prevention of, miti-
gation of, or resilience to interference. 
(b) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
containing the results of the research, engineering, and de-
velopment conducted under subsection (a). 
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SEC. 212. AVIATION STRUCTURES, MATERIALS, AND AD-
VANCED MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AND 
DEVELOPMENT. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Using the amounts available 
under section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, 
the Administrator, in coordination with the Director of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall 
carry out a research and development program for advanc-
ing aviation structures, materials, and manufacturing for 
the safe use in and on aircraft. 
(b) INCLUSION.—The program under subsection (a) 
shall, to the extent practicable, include research and devel-
opment relating to the following: 
(1) Metallic and non-metallic based additive 
materials and processes, composites, and other ad-
vanced materials. 
(2) Process development for the development of 
design and manufacturing standards for aviation 
structures, materials, and additive manufacturing. 
(3) Improving certification efficiency of aviation 
structures, materials, and additively manufactured 
aviation products and components. 
(4) Evaluating long-term material and struc-
tural behavior and associated maintenance, including 
support for fatigue life determination, structural 
changes related to fatigue, thermal, corrosive envi-
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ronments, and expected maintenance of such mate-
rials, including recommended repair techniques. 
(5) Partnering with commercial entities to ma-
ture and certify, as appropriate, metal additive man-
ufacturing, including large-scale additive manufac-
turing, aviation structures, and advanced materials 
capabilities, including the development and qualifica-
tion of new material chemistries, to be used in the 
manufacture of aircraft. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall pro-
vide to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the findings of the research under subsection (a). 
SEC. 213. RESEARCH PLAN ON THE REMOTE TOWER PRO-
GRAM. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a com-
prehensive plan for research, development, testing, and 
evaluation needed to mature remote tower technology and 
provide a strategic roadmap to support standards develop-
ment, validation, and operational certification of such 
technology. 
(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—As part of the plan required 
under subsection (a), the Administrator should consider 
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the use of remote tower technologies for advanced air mo-
bility operations. 
SEC. 214. AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TRAINING. 
(a) RESEARCH.—Using amounts made available 
under section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, 
the Administrator shall carry out a research program to 
evaluate opportunities to modernize, enhance, and stream-
line training time to become a Certified Professional Con-
troller. 
(b) REQUIREMENTS.—The research under subsection 
(a) shall— 
(1) assess the use of advanced technologies, 
such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, 
adaptive computer-based simulation, virtual reality, 
or augmented reality, to enhance controller knowl-
edge retention, improve performance, and improve 
the effectiveness of training time; and 
(2) develop a timeline to deploy proven ad-
vanced technologies and associated processes for ac-
creditation in training programs and training facili-
ties within the national airspace system. 
(c) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall sub-
mit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the findings of the research under subsection (a). 
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SEC. 215. REPORT ON AVIATION CYBERSECURITY DIREC-
TIVES. 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appro-
priate committees of Congress a report on the status of 
the FAA’s implementation of section 2111 of the FAA Ex-
tension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (Public Law 
114–190; 49 U.S.C. 44903 note; relating to the develop-
ment of a comprehensive and strategic aviation cybersecu-
rity framework and establishment of a research and devel-
opment plan to mitigate cybersecurity risks in the Na-
tional Airspace System). The report, at minimum, shall 
include the following: 
(1) A description of the FAA’s progress in de-
veloping, implementing, and updating such frame-
work. 
(2) A description of prioritized research and de-
velopment activities for the most needed improve-
ments with target dates to safeguard the National 
Airspace System. 
(3) An explanation for any delays or challenges 
in so implementing such section. 
Æ 
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