datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Enhancing Services 
for Runaway and Homeless Victims of Youth Trafficking 
Act of 2015’’. 
SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS. 
The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
5701 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 343(b)(5)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ‘‘, se-
vere forms of trafficking in persons (as defined 
in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), 
and sex trafficking (as defined in section 
103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 7102(10)))’’ 
before the semicolon at the end; 
(B) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘, 
severe forms of trafficking in persons (as de-
fined in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Vic-
tims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
7102(9))), and sex trafficking (as defined in 
section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’ after ‘‘assault’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding such youth who are victims of traf-
ficking (as defined in section 103(15) of the 
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22
U.S.C. 7102(15)))’’ before the semicolon at the 
end; and 
(2) in section 351(a) by striking ‘‘or sexual ex-
ploitation’’ and inserting ‘‘sexual exploitation, severe 
forms of trafficking in persons (as defined in section 
103(9) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), or sex trafficking (as 
defined in section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’. 
Passed the House of Representatives January 26, 
2015. 
Attest: 
Clerk.
114TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 468 
AN ACT 
To amend the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act 
to increase knowledge concerning, and improve 
services for, runaway and homeless youth who 
are victims of trafficking.
I 
114TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 468 
To amend the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act to increase knowledge 
concerning, and improve services for, runaway and homeless youth who 
are victims of trafficking. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JANUARY 22, 2015 
Mr. HECK of Nevada (for himself, Mr. KLINE, Mr. SCOTT of Virginia, and 
Mr. WALBERG) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Education and the Workforce 
A BILL 
To amend the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act to increase 
knowledge concerning, and improve services for, runaway 
and homeless youth who are victims of trafficking. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Enhancing Services 
for Runaway and Homeless Victims of Youth Trafficking 
Act of 2015’’. 
SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS. 
The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
5701 et seq.) is amended— 
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(1) in section 343(b)(5)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ‘‘, se-
vere forms of trafficking in persons (as defined 
in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), 
and sex trafficking (as defined in section 
103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 7102(10)))’’ 
before the semicolon at the end; 
(B) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘, 
severe forms of trafficking in persons (as de-
fined in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Vic-
tims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
7102(9))), and sex trafficking (as defined in 
section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’ after ‘‘assault’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding such youth who are victims of traf-
ficking (as defined in section 103(15) of the 
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
U.S.C. 7102(15)))’’ before the semicolon at the 
end; and 
(2) in section 351(a) by striking ‘‘or sexual ex-
ploitation’’ and inserting ‘‘sexual exploitation, severe 
forms of trafficking in persons (as defined in section 
103(9) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
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2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), or sex trafficking (as 
defined in section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’. 
Æ 
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IIB 
114TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION 
H. R. 468 
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
JANUARY 27, 2015 
Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 
AN ACT 
To amend the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act to increase 
knowledge concerning, and improve services for, runaway 
and homeless youth who are victims of trafficking. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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HR 468 RFS
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Enhancing Services 
for Runaway and Homeless Victims of Youth Trafficking 
Act of 2015’’. 
SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS. 
The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 
5701 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in section 343(b)(5)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ‘‘, se-
vere forms of trafficking in persons (as defined 
in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), 
and sex trafficking (as defined in section 
103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 7102(10)))’’ 
before the semicolon at the end; 
(B) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ‘‘, 
severe forms of trafficking in persons (as de-
fined in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Vic-
tims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
7102(9))), and sex trafficking (as defined in 
section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’ after ‘‘assault’’; and 
(C) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding such youth who are victims of traf-
ficking (as defined in section 103(15) of the 
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
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HR 468 RFS
U.S.C. 7102(15)))’’ before the semicolon at the 
end; and 
(2) in section 351(a) by striking ‘‘or sexual ex-
ploitation’’ and inserting ‘‘sexual exploitation, severe 
forms of trafficking in persons (as defined in section 
103(9) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9))), or sex trafficking (as 
defined in section 103(10) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 
7102(10)))’’. 
Passed the House of Representatives January 26, 
2015. 
Attest: 
KAREN L. HAAS, 
Clerk. 
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I 
108TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4786
To provide grants to tribes to assist those tribes in participating in the 
Federal acknowledgement process. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 8, 2004
Mr. PALLONE introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Resources 
A BILL 
To provide grants to tribes to assist those tribes in 
participating in the Federal acknowledgement process.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. GRANTS TO ASSIST TRIBES IN THE FEDERAL 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PROCESS. 
(a) GRANTS.—The Secretary of the Interior may pro-
vide a grant to an entity to assist the entity in preparing, 
submitting, or otherwise supporting a petition to the Bu-
reau of Acknowledgement and Recognition in the Depart-
ment of the Interior for recognition or rerecognition of 
such entity as an Indian tribe.
(b) AMOUNT.—The Secretary may not provide a 
grant to an entity under this section in an amount that 
exceeds $500,000 in any fiscal year. 
(c) OUTSIDE FINANCING.—
(1) PROHIBITION.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may not 
provide a grant under this section to an entity 
unless the entity agrees that it will not accept 
funds to assist in the Federal acknowledgement 
process from any other source that may benefit 
financially from the recognition or rerecognition 
of the entity as an Indian tribe. 
(B) PENALTIES.—If the Secretary deter-
mines that an entity has violated the require-
ment of subparagraph (A), the Secretary—
(i) may not provide any additional as-
sistance under this section to the entity; 
and 
(ii) shall seek reimbursement from the 
entity in an amount equal to amounts re-
ceived under a grant provided under this 
section plus reasonable interest. 
(2) PRIOR ACCEPTANCE OF FUNDS.—The Sec-
retary may not provide a grant under this section to 
an entity that has accepted funds from a source that
(b) WAIVERS.—Section 212(d) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 
1182(d)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (11), by inserting ‘‘permanent 
partner,’’ after ‘‘spouse,’’; and 
(2) in paragraph (12), by inserting ‘‘, perma-
nent partner,’’ after ‘‘spouse’’. 
(c) WAIVERS OF INADMISSIBILITY ON HEALTH-RE-
LATED GROUNDS.—Section 212(g)(1)(A) of such Act (8 
U.S.C. 1182(g)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting ‘‘or per-
manent partner’’ after ‘‘spouse’’. 
(d) WAIVERS OF INADMISSIBILITY ON CRIMINAL AND 
RELATED GROUNDS.—Section 212(h)(1)(B) of such Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1182(h)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting ‘‘per-
manent partner,’’ after ‘‘spouse,’’. 
(e) WAIVER OF INADMISSIBILITY FOR MISREPRESEN-
TATION.—Section 212(i)(1) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 
1182(i)(1)) is amended by inserting ‘‘permanent partner,’’ 
after ‘‘spouse,’’. 
SEC. 210. NONIMMIGRANT STATUS FOR PERMANENT PART-
NERS AWAITING THE AVAILABILITY OF AN 
IMMIGRANT VISA. 
Section 214 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1184) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (e)(2), by inserting ‘‘or per-
manent partner’’ after ‘‘spouse’’; and 
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HR 2307 IH
‘‘(1) AMOUNTS NOT RECEIVED.—Any amounts
that a State or an allocation unit of general local
government is eligible to receive under subsection (b)
that are not received for use in the jurisdiction, pur-
suant to subsection (b)(4), shall be added to
amounts available for allocation under subsection (b)
of this section for the succeeding fiscal year.
‘‘(2) USE OF AMOUNTS UNDER THIS TITLE.—
‘‘(A) AUTHORITY FOR ALTERNATIVE USE
OF AMOUNTS.—If the Secretary determines that
a State or an allocation unit of general local
government has made substantial progress in
reducing the number and meeting the needs of
homeless individuals, and is eligible to receive
an amount under subsection (b) that is in ex-
cess of the amount required to meet the needs
of homeless individuals through activities under
this title, the Secretary shall reduce the amount
under subsection (b) accordingly, and add such
excess amount to the amount allocated for such
jurisdiction under section 106 of the Housing
and Community Development Act of 1974 or
under section 217 of the HOME Investment
Partnerships Act, for use in meeting low-income
housing needs. In making the determinations
(2) in subsection (r)— 
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘or per-
manent partner’’ after ‘‘spouse’’; and 
(B) by inserting ‘‘or permanent partner-
ship’’ after ‘‘marriage’’ each place it appears. 
SEC. 211. DERIVATIVE STATUS FOR PERMANENT PART-
NERS OF NONIMMIGRANT VISA HOLDERS. 
Section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and Nation-
ality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A)— 
(A) in clause (i), by inserting ‘‘, which 
shall include permanent partners’’ after ‘‘imme-
diate family’’; 
(B) in clause (ii), by inserting ‘‘, which 
shall include permanent partners’’ after ‘‘imme-
diate families’’; and 
(C) in clause (iii), by inserting ‘‘, which 
shall include permanent partners,’’ after ‘‘im-
mediate families,’’; 
(2) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ‘‘or per-
manent partner’’ after ‘‘spouse’’; 
(3) in subparagraph (F)(ii), by inserting ‘‘or 
permanent partner’’ after ‘‘spouse’’; 
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I
105TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 2295
To amend the National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 to extend the
authorization for the Office of National Drug Control Policy until Sep-
tember 30, 1998.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JULY 30, 1997
Mr. HASTERT (for himself, Mr. SOUDER, Mr. PORTMAN, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr.
MICA, and Mr. LATOURETTE) introduced the following bill; which was re-
ferred to the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight
A BILL
To amend the National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988
to extend the authorization for the Office of National
Drug Control Policy until September 30, 1998.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION FOR OFFICE
OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY.
The National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 is
amended—
(1) in section 1009 (21 U.S.C. 1506), by strik-
ing ‘‘1997’’ and inserting ‘‘1998’’; and
(2) in section 1011 (21 U.S.C. 1508), by strik-
ing ‘‘8’’ and inserting ‘‘9’’.
Æ
I 
114TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 4692 
To amend the Public Health Service Act, in relation to requiring 
adrenoleukodystrophy screening of newborns. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
MARCH 3, 2016 
Ms. CLARKE of New York introduced the following bill; which was referred 
to the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
A BILL 
To amend the Public Health Service Act, in relation to 
requiring adrenoleukodystrophy screening of newborns. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Aidan’s Law’’. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds the following: 
(1) Adrenoleukodystrophy is a deadly genetic 
disease that destroys myelin, the protective sheath 
that surrounds the brain’s neurons, which are the 
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nerve cells that allow us to think and to control our 
muscles. 
(2) Adrenoleukodystrophy affects 1 in 17,000 
people and most severely affects boys and men. 
(3) Adrenoleukodystrophy newborn screening 
tests have been validated with false positive of less 
than 0.1 percent. 
(4) Early identification of adrenoleukodystrophy 
allows those who are affected to be treated and have 
the best chance at a healthy life. 
SEC. 3. REQUIRING THE SCREENING OF ADRENOLEUKO-
DYSTROPHY. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Part A of title XI of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300b–1 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘SEC. 1118. ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Each hospital, child care center, 
clinic, or other similar institution caring for infants who 
are 28 days or less of age (as designated by the Secretary) 
shall administer, or cause to have administered, to every 
such infant in its care a test for adrenoleukodystrophy in 
accordance with this section. 
‘‘(b) PROCESS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this sec-
tion, the chief executive officer for health in each 
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that would lead to a democracy and market economy
for Cuba.
(B) The totalitarian nature of the Castro re-
gime has deprived the Cuban people of any peaceful
means to improve their condition and has led thou-
sands of Cuban citizens to risk or lose their lives in
dangerous attempts to escape from Cuba to freedom.
(5) Since the beginning of the Castro regime, it
has been the policy of the United States to isolate
and sanction this totalitarian regime.
(b) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—The Congress de-
clares the following:
(1) United States trade policy must be consist-
ent with United States foreign policy and recipients
of foreign assistance must be held accountable for
decisions that run contrary, or could endanger, Unit-
ed States interests and objectives in the Western
Hemisphere.
(2) Safeguard mechanisms must be established
to ensure that United States foreign assistance or
United States trade agreements with other countries
are not used in any way to benefit the Castro re-
gime.
I
105TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 2296
To withhold foreign assistance to Caribbean Basin Initiative countries that
support membership for the Government of Cuba into the Caribbean
Community (CARICOM) or the Central American Common Market
(CACM), and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JULY 30, 1997
Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN (for herself, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr. SMITH of New Jer-
sey, Mr. MCCOLLUM, Mr. DEUTSCH, and Mr. BURTON of Indiana) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Inter-
national Relations, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and
Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in
each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdic-
tion of the committee concerned
A BILL
To withhold foreign assistance to Caribbean Basin Initiative
countries that support membership for the Government
of Cuba into the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) or
the Central American Common Market (CACM), and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF POLICY.
(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following
findings:
(1)(A) With increasing regional integration, the
value of Caribbean trade for the United States is
well established.
(B) Collectively, it is estimated that the 24
countries of the Caribbean Basin represent a market
of more than 50,000,000 people that has become the
tenth largest destination for United States goods
and services.
(2) Although the expansion of democracy
throughout most of the Western Hemisphere has
brought economic liberalization and reform, assist-
ance is still required to continue the reforms and to
diversify and stimulate investment in the Caribbean
Basin region.
(3) While progress has been made by many of
the Caribbean Basin countries in areas that coincide
with the security, economic, and humanitarian inter-
ests of the United States, much more needs to be
done.
(4)(A) The Castro regime in Cuba is not a
democratically elected government. It systemically
violates the individual civil liberties and human
rights of its citizens, does not have a market-ori-
ented economy, and has made it abundantly clear
that it will not engage in any substantive reforms
Sheridan, Daniels, and Valley Counties Rural Water
System authorized by section 5.
(2) FORT PECK TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Fort Peck
tribe’’ means the Assiniboine Indian Tribe or the
Sioux Indian Tribe within the Fort Peck Indian
Reservation.
(3) FORT
PECK
WATER
SYSTEM.—The term
‘‘Fort Peck Water System’’ means the Fort Peck
Reservation Rural Water System authorized by sec-
tion 4.
(4) 
PICK-SLOAN.—The 
term 
‘‘Pick-Sloan’’
means the Pick-Sloan Missouri River Basin Program
authorized by section 9 of the Act of December 22,
1944 (58 Stat. 891, chapter 665) (commonly known
as the ‘‘Flood Control Act of 1944’’).
(5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means
the Secretary of the Interior.
SEC. 4. FORT PECK RESERVATION RURAL WATER SYSTEM.
(a) AUTHORIZATION.—The Secretary shall plan, de-
sign, construct, operate, maintain, and replace a munici-
pal, rural, and industrial water system, to be known as
the ‘‘Fort Peck Reservation Rural Water System’’, as gen-
erally described in the report entitled ‘‘Technical Report
for the Fort Peck Reservation Rural Water System’’ and
dated July 1995.
SEC. 2. WITHHOLDING OF UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE TO
CARIBBEAN BASIN INITIATIVE COUNTRIES
THAT OFFER SUPPORT FOR MEMBERSHIP
FOR 
THE 
GOVERNMENT 
OF 
CUBA 
INTO
CARICOM OR CACM.
Beginning 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the President shall withhold assistance under
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et
seq.) (other than humanitarian assistance) to any Carib-
bean Basin Initiative country that uses its voice or vote
in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) or the Central
American Common Market (CACM) to support provi-
sional, permanent, or any other form of membership for
the Government of Cuba into CARICOM or CACM.
SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON PROVISION OF CERTAIN TARIFF
TREATMENT TO CARIBBEAN BASIN INITIA-
TIVE COUNTRIES THAT OFFER MEMBERSHIP
FOR 
THE 
GOVERNMENT 
OF 
CUBA 
INTO
CARICOM OR CACM OR THAT NEGOTIATE A
FREE TRADE AREA AGREEMENT WITH CUBA.
Beginning 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the President shall deny temporary or perma-
nent tariff treatment to products of a Caribbean Basin
Initiative country that is equivalent to treatment provided
to products of a NAFTA country if such Caribbean Basin
Initiative country—
(1) uses its voice or vote in CARICOM or
CACM to support provisional, permanent, or any
other form of membership for the Government of
Cuba into CARICOM or CACM; or
(2) enters into negotiations with the Govern-
ment of Cuba toward a free trade area agreement
with Cuba.
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.
As used in this Act:
(1) CACM.—The term ‘‘CACM’’ means the
Central American Common Market established by
the 1960 General Treaty on Central American Eco-
nomic Integration.
(2) CARIBBEAN BASIN INITIATIVE COUNTRY.—
The term ‘‘Caribbean Basin Initiative country’’
means a country designated as a beneficiary country
under section 212 of the Caribbean Basin Economic
Recovery Act for purposes of title II of such Act.
(3) 
CARICOM.—The 
term 
‘‘CARICOM’’
means the Caribbean Community established by the
1973 Treaty of Chaguaramas.
(4) GOVERNMENT OF CUBA.—The term ‘‘Gov-
ernment of Cuba’’—
(A) includes any agency or instrumentality
of the Government of Cuba, and the govern-
ment of any political subdivision of Cuba; and
(B) does not include—
(i) a transition government in Cuba,
as described in section 205 of the Cuban
Liberty 
and 
Democratic 
Solidarity
(LIBERTAD) Act of 1996; or
(ii) a democratically elected govern-
ment in Cuba, as described in section 206
of such Act.
(5) NAFTA COUNTRY.—The term ‘‘NAFTA
country’’ has the meaning given such term in section
2 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Im-
plementation Act.
Æ
I
105TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 2297
To amend the Fair Housing Act, and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JULY 30, 1997
Mr. BAKER of Louisiana introduced the following bill; which was referred to
the Committee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To amend the Fair Housing Act, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Local Control and Fair
Housing Reform Act of 1997’’.
SEC. 2. IMMEDIATE RESTORATION OF LOCAL CONTROL
AND PROTECTION OF RIGHT TO SEEK RE-
DRESS.
(a) IMMEDIATE
RESTORATION
OF
LOCAL
CON-
TROL.—The first sentence of section 807(b)(1) of the Fair
Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3607(b)(1)) is amended by insert-
ing before the period the following: ‘‘, including any re-
striction relating to the maximum number of unrelated
persons permitted to occupy a dwelling, or governing the
proximity of dwellings to each other if the purpose of the
restriction is to restrict land use to single family dwell-
ings’’.
(b) PROTECTION OF RIGHT TO SEEK REDRESS.—
Title I of the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.)
is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
‘‘SEC. 821. PROTECTION OF RIGHT TO SEEK REDRESS.
‘‘Nothing in this Act shall be construed to apply to
any otherwise lawful activity engaged in by one or more
persons, including the filing or maintaining of a legal ac-
tion, that is engaged in solely for the purpose of—
‘‘(1) achieving or preventing action by a govern-
mental entity or official; or
‘‘(2) receiving an interpretation of any provision
of this Act in a court of competent jurisdiction.’’.
Æ