(C) the manner in which livestock or poul-
try at the AFO are grown, fed, watered, venti-
lated, heated, cooled, or medicated; 
(3) supplies feed, pharmaceuticals, or other in-
puts to the AFO; or 
(4) requires a capital investment from the con-
tract grower of the AFO for erecting or expanding 
facilities at the AFO. 
(c) CIVIL ACTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Any person may— 
(A) bring a civil action against an inte-
grator in an appropriate court to redress any 
violation of this section or any other law relat-
ing to the activities described in this section; 
and 
(B) obtain appropriate relief in a civil ac-
tion under subparagraph (A). 
(2) ATTORNEY’S
FEES
FOR
PLAINTIFF.—The 
court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee as part 
of the costs to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action 
under this subsection. 
(3) NO
PREEMPTION.—Nothing in this sub-
section preempts, alters, displaces, abridges, or sup-
plants any claim or remedy available under any 
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State or Federal law, including common law, that 
provides a remedy for civil relief. 
(d) AFO DISCHARGES.—Section 402 of the Federal 
Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1342) is amended 
by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(t) AFO DISCHARGES.—The Administrator shall re-
quire that all persons exercising substantial operational 
control (as described in section 104(b) of the Farm Sys-
tem Reform Act of 2021) over an animal feeding operation 
(as defined in section 101 of that Act) jointly obtain a 
permit under this section for a discharge from the animal 
feeding operation.’’. 
TITLE 
II—AMENDMENTS 
TO 
PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS 
ACT, 1921 
SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 2(a) of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 
1921 (7 U.S.C. 182(a)), is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘for slaugh-
ter’’ and all that follows through ‘‘of such poultry’’ 
and inserting ‘‘under a poultry growing arrange-
ment, regardless of whether the poultry is owned by 
that person or another person’’; 
(2) in paragraph (9), by striking ‘‘and cares for 
live poultry for delivery, in accord with another’s in-
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structions, for slaughter’’ and inserting ‘‘or cares for 
live poultry in accordance with the instructions of 
another person’’; 
(3) in each of paragraphs (1) through (9), by 
striking the semicolon at the end and inserting a pe-
riod; 
(4) in paragraph (10)— 
(A) by striking ‘‘for the purpose of either 
slaughtering it or selling it for slaughter by an-
other’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the end and in-
serting a period; and 
(5) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(15) FORMULA PRICE.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘formula 
price’ means any price term that establishes a 
base from which a purchase price is calculated 
on the basis of a price that will not be deter-
mined or reported until a date that is after the 
date on which the forward price is established. 
‘‘(B) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘formula 
price’ does not include— 
‘‘(i) any price term that establishes a 
base from which a purchase price is cal-
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culated on the basis of a futures market 
price; or 
‘‘(ii) any adjustment to the base for 
quality, grade, or other factors relating to 
the value of livestock or livestock products 
that are readily verifiable market factors 
and are outside the control of the packer. 
‘‘(16) FORWARD
CONTRACT.—The term ‘for-
ward contract’ means an oral or written contract for 
the purchase of livestock that provides for the deliv-
ery of the livestock to a packer at a date that is 
more than 7 days after the date on which the con-
tract is entered into, without regard to whether the 
contract is for— 
‘‘(A) a specified lot of livestock; or 
‘‘(B) a specified number of livestock over a 
certain period of time.’’. 
SEC. 202. UNLAWFUL PRACTICES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 202 of the Packers and 
Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 192), is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (f) 
and (g) as paragraphs (1) through (6) and (10), re-
spectively, and indenting appropriately; 
(2) by striking the section designation and all 
that follows through ‘‘It shall be’’ in the matter pre-
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ceding paragraph (1) (as so redesignated) and in-
serting the following: 
‘‘SEC. 202. UNLAWFUL ACTS. 
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—It shall be’’; 
(3) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
(as so redesignated), by striking ‘‘to:’’ and in-
serting ‘‘to do any of the following:’’; 
(B) in each of paragraphs (1) through (6) 
(as so redesignated), by striking ‘‘; or’’ each 
place it appears and inserting a period; 
(C) in paragraph (6) (as so redesig-
nated)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘(1)’’ and inserting 
‘‘(A)’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘(2)’’ and inserting 
‘‘(B)’’; and 
(iii) by striking ‘‘(3)’’ and inserting 
‘‘(C)’’; 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (6) the 
following: 
‘‘(7) Use, in effectuating any sale of livestock, 
a forward contract that— 
‘‘(A) does not contain a firm base price 
that may be equated to a fixed dollar amount 
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on the date on which the forward contract is 
entered into; 
‘‘(B) is not offered for bid in an open, pub-
lic manner under which— 
‘‘(i) buyers and sellers have the oppor-
tunity to participate in the bid; 
‘‘(ii) more than 1 blind bid is solic-
ited; and 
‘‘(iii) buyers and sellers may witness 
bids that are made and accepted; 
‘‘(C) is based on a formula price; or 
‘‘(D) provides for the sale of livestock in a 
quantity in excess of— 
‘‘(i) in the case of cattle, 40 cattle; 
‘‘(ii) in the case of swine, 30 swine; 
and 
‘‘(iii) in the case of another type of 
livestock, a comparable quantity of that 
type of livestock, as determined by the Sec-
retary. 
‘‘(8) Own or feed livestock directly, through a 
subsidiary, or through an arrangement that gives a 
packer operational, managerial, or supervisory con-
trol over the livestock, or over the farming operation 
that produces the livestock, to such an extent that 
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the producer of the livestock is not materially par-
ticipating in the management of the operation with 
respect to the production of the livestock, except 
that this paragraph shall not apply to— 
‘‘(A) an arrangement entered into not 
more than 7 business days before slaughter of 
the livestock by a packer, a person acting 
through the packer, or a person that directly or 
indirectly controls, or is controlled by or under 
common control with, the packer; 
‘‘(B) a cooperative or entity owned by a co-
operative, if a majority of the ownership inter-
est in the cooperative is held by active coopera-
tive members that— 
‘‘(i) own, feed, or control the livestock; 
and 
‘‘(ii) provide the livestock to the coop-
erative for slaughter; 
‘‘(C) a packer that is not required to re-
port to the Secretary on each reporting day (as 
defined in section 212 of the Agricultural Mar-
keting Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1635a)) informa-
tion on the price and quantity of livestock pur-
chased by the packer; or 
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‘‘(D) a packer that owns only 1 livestock 
processing plant. 
‘‘(9) Take any action that adversely affects or 
is likely to adversely affect competition, regardless of 
whether there is a business justification for the ac-
tion.’’; and 
(E) in paragraph (10) (as so redesig-
nated), by striking ‘‘subdivision (a), (b), (c), 
(d), or (e)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraphs (1) 
through (9)’’; and 
(4) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(b) UNFAIR, DISCRIMINATORY, AND DECEPTIVE 
PRACTICES AND DEVICES.—Acts by a packer, swine con-
tractor, or live poultry dealer that violate subsection (a)(1) 
include the following: 
‘‘(1) Refusal to provide, on the request of a 
livestock producer, swine production contract grow-
er, or poultry grower with which the packer, swine 
contractor, or live poultry dealer has a marketing or 
delivery contract, the relevant statistical information 
and data used to determine the compensation paid 
to the livestock producer, swine production contract 
grower, or poultry grower, as applicable, under the 
contract, including— 
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‘‘(A) feed conversion rates by house, lot, or 
pen; 
‘‘(B) feed analysis; 
‘‘(C) breeder history; 
‘‘(D) quality grade; 
‘‘(E) yield grade; and 
‘‘(F) delivery volume for any certified 
branding program (such as programs for angus 
beef or certified grassfed or Berkshire pork). 
‘‘(2) Conduct or action that limits or attempts 
to limit by contract the legal rights and remedies of 
a livestock producer, swine production contract 
grower, or poultry grower, including the right— 
‘‘(A) to a trial by jury, unless the livestock 
producer, swine production contract grower, or 
poultry grower, as applicable, is voluntarily 
bound by an arbitration provision in a contract; 
‘‘(B) to pursue all damages available under 
applicable law; and 
‘‘(C) to seek an award of attorneys’ fees, 
if available under applicable law. 
‘‘(3) Termination of a poultry growing arrange-
ment or swine production contract with no basis 
other than an allegation that the poultry grower or 
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swine production contract grower failed to comply 
with an applicable law, rule, or regulation. 
‘‘(4) A representation, omission, or practice 
that is likely to mislead a livestock producer, swine 
production contract grower, or poultry grower re-
garding a material condition or term in a contract 
or business transaction. 
‘‘(c) UNDUE OR UNREASONABLE PREFERENCES, AD-
VANTAGES, PREJUDICES, AND DISADVANTAGES.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Acts by a packer, swine 
contractor, or live poultry dealer that violate sub-
section (a)(2) include the following: 
‘‘(A) A retaliatory action (including coer-
cion or intimidation) or the threat of retaliatory 
action— 
‘‘(i) in connection with the execution, 
termination, extension, or renewal of a 
contract or agreement with a livestock pro-
ducer, swine production contract grower, 
or poultry grower aimed to discourage the 
exercise of the rights of the livestock pro-
ducer, swine production contract grower, 
or poultry grower under this Act or any 
other law; and 
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‘‘(ii) in response to lawful communica-
tion (including as described in paragraph 
(2)), association, or assertion of rights by 
a livestock producer, swine production con-
tract grower, or poultry grower. 
‘‘(B) Use of the tournament system for 
poultry as described in paragraph (3). 
‘‘(2) LAWFUL COMMUNICATION DESCRIBED.—A 
lawful communication referred to in paragraph 
(1)(A)(ii) includes— 
‘‘(A) a communication with officials of a 
Federal agency or Members of Congress; 
‘‘(B) any lawful disclosure that dem-
onstrates a reasonable belief of a violation of 
this Act or any other law; and 
‘‘(C) any other communication that assists 
in carrying out the purposes of this Act. 
‘‘(3) USE OF TOURNAMENT SYSTEM FOR POUL-
TRY.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subject to subpara-
graph (B), a live poultry dealer shall be in vio-
lation of subsection (a)(2) if the live poultry 
dealer determines the formula for calculating 
the pay of a poultry grower in a tournament 
group by comparing the performance of the 
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birds of other poultry growers in the group 
using factors outside the control of the poultry 
grower and within the control of the live poultry 
dealer. 
‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—Under subparagraph 
(A), a live poultry dealer shall not be found in 
violation of subsection (a)(2) if the live poultry 
dealer demonstrates through clear and con-
vincing evidence that the inputs and services 
described in subparagraph (C) that were used 
in the comparative evaluation were substantially 
the same in quality, quantity, and timing, as 
applicable, for all poultry growers in the tour-
nament group. 
‘‘(C) INPUTS AND SERVICES DESCRIBED.— 
The inputs and services referred to in subpara-
graph (B) include, with respect to poultry grow-
ers in the same tournament group— 
‘‘(i) the quantity, breed, sex, and age 
of chicks delivered to each poultry grower; 
‘‘(ii) the breed and age of the breeder 
flock from which chicks are drawn for each 
poultry grower; 
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‘‘(iii) the quality, type (such as starter 
feed), and quantity of feed delivered to 
each poultry grower; 
‘‘(iv) the quality of and access to 
medications for the birds of each poultry 
grower; 
‘‘(v) the number of birds in a flock de-
livered to each poultry grower; 
‘‘(vi) the timing of the pick-up of 
birds for processing (including the age of 
the birds and the number of days that the 
birds are in the care of the poultry grower) 
for each poultry grower; 
‘‘(vii) the death loss of birds during 
pick-up, transport, and time spent at the 
processing plant for each poultry grower; 
‘‘(viii) condemnations of parts of birds 
due to actions in processing for each poul-
try grower; 
‘‘(ix) condemnations of whole birds 
due to the fault of the poultry grower; 
‘‘(x) the death loss of birds due to the 
fault of the poultry grower; 
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‘‘(xi) the stated reasons for the cause 
of the death losses and condemnations de-
scribed in clauses (vii) through (x); 
‘‘(xii) the type and classification of 
each poultry grower; and 
‘‘(xiii) any other input or service that 
may have an impact on feed conversion to 
weight gain efficiency or the life span of 
the birds of each poultry grower. 
‘‘(d) HARM TO COMPETITION NOT REQUIRED.—In 
determining whether an act, device, or conduct is a viola-
tion under paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a), a find-
ing that the act, device, or conduct adversely affected or 
is likely to adversely affect competition is not required.’’. 
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), 
paragraph (8) of section 202(a) of the Packers and 
Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 192) (as designated 
by subsection (a)(2)), shall take effect on the date 
of enactment of this Act. 
(2) TRANSITION RULES.—In the case of a pack-
er that, on the date of enactment of this Act, owns, 
feeds, or controls livestock intended for slaughter in 
violation of paragraph (8) of section 202(a) of the 
Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 192) 
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(as designated by subsection (a)(2)), that paragraph 
shall take effect— 
(A) in the case of a packer of swine, begin-
ning on the date that is 18 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act; and 
(B) in the case of a packer of any other 
type of livestock, beginning not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, as 
determined by the Secretary. 
SEC. 203. SPOT MARKET PURCHASES OF LIVESTOCK BY 
PACKERS. 
The Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, is amended 
by inserting after section 202 (7 U.S.C. 192) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘SEC. 202A. SPOT MARKET PURCHASES OF LIVESTOCK BY 
PACKERS. 
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 
‘‘(1) COVERED PACKER.— 
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘covered 
packer’ means a packer that is required under 
subtitle B of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 
1946 (7 U.S.C. 1635 et seq.) to report to the 
Secretary each reporting day information on the 
price and quantity of livestock purchased by the 
packer. 
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‘‘(B) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘covered 
packer’ does not include a packer that owns 
only 1 livestock processing plant. 
‘‘(2) NONAFFILIATED
PRODUCER.—The term 
‘nonaffiliated producer’ means a producer of live-
stock— 
‘‘(A) that sells livestock to a packer; 
‘‘(B) that has less than 1 percent equity 
interest in the packer; 
‘‘(C) that has no officers, directors, em-
ployees, or owners that are officers, directors, 
employees, or owners of the packer; 
‘‘(D) that has no fiduciary responsibility to 
the packer; and 
‘‘(E) in which the packer has no equity in-
terest. 
‘‘(3) SPOT MARKET SALE.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘spot mar-
ket sale’ means a purchase and sale of livestock 
by a packer from a producer— 
‘‘(i) under an agreement that specifies 
a firm base price that may be equated with 
a fixed dollar amount on the date the 
agreement is entered into; 
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‘‘(ii) under which the livestock are 
slaughtered not more than 7 days after the 
date on which the agreement is entered 
into; and 
‘‘(iii) under circumstances in which a 
reasonable competitive bidding opportunity 
exists on the date on which the agreement 
is entered into. 
‘‘(B) REASONABLE COMPETITIVE BIDDING 
OPPORTUNITY.—For the purposes of subpara-
graph (A)(iii), a reasonable competitive bidding 
opportunity shall be considered to exist if— 
‘‘(i) no written or oral agreement pre-
cludes the producer from soliciting or re-
ceiving bids from other packers; and 
‘‘(ii) no circumstance, custom, or 
practice exists that— 
‘‘(I) establishes the existence of 
an implied contract (as determined in 
accordance with the Uniform Com-
mercial Code); and 
‘‘(II) precludes the producer from 
soliciting or receiving bids from other 
packers. 
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‘‘(d) NONPREEMPTION.—This section does not pre-
empt any requirement of a State or political subdivision 
of a State that requires a covered packer to purchase on 
the spot market a greater percentage of the livestock pur-
chased by the covered packer than is required under this 
section.’’. 
SEC. 204. INVESTIGATION OF LIVE POULTRY DEALERS. 
(a) ADMINISTRATIVE
ENFORCEMENT
AUTHORITY 
OVER LIVE POULTRY DEALERS.—Sections 203, 204, and 
205 of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 
193, 194, 195), are amended by inserting ‘‘, live poultry 
dealer,’’ after ‘‘packer’’ each place it appears. 
(b) AUTHORITY TO REQUEST TEMPORARY INJUNC-
TION OR RESTRAINING ORDER.—Section 408(a) of the 
Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 228a(a)), is 
amended by inserting ‘‘or poultry care’’ after ‘‘on account 
of poultry’’. 
(c) VIOLATIONS BY LIVE POULTRY DEALERS.—Sec-
tion 411 of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 
U.S.C. 228b–2), is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the first sentence, by 
striking ‘‘any provision of section 207 or section 410 
of’’; and 
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(2) in subsection (b), in the first sentence, by 
striking ‘‘any provisions of section 207 or section 
410’’ and inserting ‘‘any provision’’. 
SEC. 205. AWARD OF ATTORNEY FEES. 
Section 204 of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 
(7 U.S.C. 194), is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(i) ATTORNEY’S FEE.—The court shall award a rea-
sonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs to a prevailing 
plaintiff in a civil action under this section.’’. 
SEC. 206. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS. 
(a) Section 203 of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 
1921 (7 U.S.C. 193), is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), in the first sentence— 
(A) by striking ‘‘he shall cause’’ and in-
serting ‘‘the Secretary shall cause’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘his charges’’ and inserting 
‘‘the charges’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), in the first sentence, by 
striking ‘‘he shall make a report in writing in which 
he shall state his findings’’ and inserting ‘‘the Sec-
retary shall make a report in writing in which the 
Secretary shall state the findings of the Secretary’’; 
and 
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(3) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘he’’ and in-
serting ‘‘the Secretary’’. 
(b) Section 204 of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 
1921 (7 U.S.C. 194), is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘he has his’’ 
and inserting ‘‘the packer, live poultry dealer, or 
swine contractor has the’’; 
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘his officers, 
directors, agents, and employees’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
officers, directors, agents, and employees of the 
packer, live poultry dealer, or swine packer’’; 
(3) in subsection (f), in the second sentence— 
(A) by striking ‘‘his findings’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘the findings of the Secretary’’; and 
(B) by striking ‘‘he’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
Secretary’’; and 
(4) in subsection (g), by striking ‘‘his officers, 
directors, agents, and employees’’ and inserting ‘‘the 
officers, directors, agents, and employees of the 
packer, live poultry dealer, or swine packer’’. 
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TITLE III—LABELING OF MEAT 
AND DAIRY PRODUCTS 
SEC. 301. RESTORATION OF MANDATORY COUNTRY OF ORI-
GIN LABELING FOR BEEF AND PORK; INCLU-
SION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS. 
(a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 281 of the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2) 
through (5), (6), and (7) as paragraphs (2), (4) 
through (7), (9), and (10), respectively; 
(2) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so re-
designated) the following: 
‘‘(1) BEEF.—The term ‘beef’ means meat pro-
duced from cattle (including veal).’’; 
(3) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A)— 
(i) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘lamb’’ 
and inserting ‘‘beef, lamb, pork,’’; 
(ii) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘ground 
lamb’’ and inserting ‘‘ground beef, ground 
lamb, ground pork,’’; 
(iii) in clause (x), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
at the end; 
(iv) in clause (xi), by striking the pe-
riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
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(v) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(xii) dairy products.’’; and 
(B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
‘‘(other than clause (xii) of that subpara-
graph)’’ after ‘‘subparagraph (A)’’; 
(4) by inserting after paragraph (2) (as so re-
designated) the following: 
‘‘(3) DAIRY PRODUCT.—The term ‘dairy prod-
uct’ means— 
‘‘(A) fluid milk; 
‘‘(B) cheese, including cottage cheese and 
cream cheese; 
‘‘(C) yogurt; 
‘‘(D) ice cream; 
‘‘(E) butter; and 
‘‘(F) any other dairy product.’’; and 
(5) by inserting after paragraph (7) (as so re-
designated) the following: 
‘‘(8) PORK.—The term ‘pork’ means meat pro-
duced from hogs.’’. 
(b) NOTICE
OF
COUNTRY
OF
ORIGIN.—Section 
282(a) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 
U.S.C. 1638a(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: 
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‘‘(5) DESIGNATION
OF
COUNTRY
OF
ORIGIN 
FOR DAIRY PRODUCTS.— 
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A retailer of a covered 
commodity that is a dairy product shall des-
ignate the origin of the covered commodity as— 
‘‘(i) each country in which or from 
which the 1 or more dairy ingredients or 
dairy components of the covered com-
modity were produced, originated, or 
sourced; and 
‘‘(ii) each country in which the cov-
ered commodity was processed. 
‘‘(B) STATE, REGION, LOCALITY OF THE 
UNITED
STATES.—With respect to a covered 
commodity that is a dairy product produced ex-
clusively in the United States, designation by a 
retailer of the State, region, or locality of the 
United States where the covered commodity 
was produced shall be sufficient to identify the 
United States as the country of origin.’’. 
SEC. 302. TRUTH IN LABELING FOR MEAT AND MEAT FOOD 
PRODUCTS. 
Section 7 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 
U.S.C. 607) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
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‘‘(g) PRODUCT OF THE UNITED STATES.—The label 
of a meat or meat food product may bear the phrase 
‘Product of U.S.A.’, or any substantially similar word or 
phrase, only if the meat or meat food product is exclusively 
derived from 1 or more animals exclusively born, raised, 
and slaughtered in the United States.’’. 
Æ 
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