law that limits United States contributions to 25 
percent of the total United Nations peacekeeping 
budget in any fiscal year after 1995. 
(5) Since fiscal year 2000, Congress has, on a 
bipartisan basis, lifted the 25 percent cap 15 times, 
including retroactively for calendar years 2006–2008 
during the Bush Administration. 
(6) In 2019, the Department of State reported 
to Congress the following impacts of growing United 
States arrears to the United Nations: ‘‘(1) Loss of 
vote or inability to be a member of governing bodies; 
(2) Diminished U.S. standing and diminished ability 
to pursue U.S. priorities; (3) Reduced U.S. ability to 
promote increased oversight and accountability 
through reforms that promote efficiency, cost sav-
ings, and improved management practices; (4) Re-
duced standing needed to successfully promote quali-
fied U.S. citizens to assume senior management 
roles; and (5) Impairments of peacekeeping missions 
to operate, including addressing objectives that may 
directly impact the national security of the United 
States’’. 
(7) The ongoing accrual of arrears by the 
United States is having a negative impact on the fi-
nancial health of United Nations peacekeeping with 
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low and middle-income countries, who voluntarily 
provide the bulk of the troops, police, and equipment 
to these missions, not being adequately reimbursed 
for their contributions and shouldering an increasing 
financial burden. 
(8) Budgetary shortfalls created by United 
States arrears make it difficult to address shortages 
of critical equipment needed by United Nations 
peacekeeping operations to be effective in the field. 
(9) Prior to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, 
Ukraine provided nearly 17 percent of all air assets 
on United Nations peacekeeping missions. Since the 
start of the war, Ukraine has been forced to with-
draw most of these to defend its own territory, caus-
ing shortages for missions that already lacked suffi-
cient quantities of aircraft. United States budgetary 
shortfalls make it harder for other countries to step 
in, as they cannot be certain when or if they will re-
ceive full reimbursement for their contributions. 
(10) The People’s Republic of China is now the 
second largest financial contributor to United Na-
tions peacekeeping, having gone from an assessment 
rate of just 3 percent in 2008 to more than 18 per-
cent in 2023, and is the tenth largest troop-contrib-
utor to United Nations missions, providing more 
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personnel than the other four permanent members of 
the Security Council combined. 
(11) The People’s Republic of China has used 
this expanded influence to argue against human 
rights, civilian protection, and gender-based violence 
personnel within United Nations peacekeeping oper-
ations, in part using United States funding short-
falls as a pretext to downsize peacekeeping missions. 
(12) United Nations Security Council Resolu-
tion 1325 called for women to take on a greater role 
in preventing and resolving conflicts, including by 
serving in United Nations peacekeeping missions. 
Studies conducted by the United Nations in support 
of the resolution based on the organization’s past ex-
periences in Cambodia, Kosovo, Timor-Leste, Af-
ghanistan, Liberia, and Democratic Republic of the 
Congo show that female peacekeepers can be better 
positioned to gain the trust of women within the 
local population, something that is critical to the 
success of any peacekeeping effort. 
(13) Nevertheless, in 2020, women constituted 
only 4.8 percent of military contingents and 10.9 
percent of formed police units deployed on United 
Nations peacekeeping missions. While the United 
Nations continues to call for member states to con-
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tribute more women peacekeepers, resource and 
budget constraints have made troop-contributors less 
willing to provide women peacekeepers, and missions 
themselves lack adequate resources to retrofit bases 
to accommodate women. 
(14) Prior to fiscal year 2017, when the United 
States was paying its peacekeeping dues at the full 
assessed rate, the United States and the United Na-
tions worked together to institute a number of cost- 
saving and efficiency reforms, including reducing the 
cost per peacekeeper by 18 percent, reducing the 
number of support staff, and shortening the timeline 
between when a mission is mandated and when per-
sonnel, equipment, and services are fully deployed. 
(15) Beginning in 2015 and with the support of 
the United States, the United Nations strengthened 
measures to combat sexual abuse and exploitation by 
peacekeepers, including strict timelines for com-
pleting investigations, immediate response teams in-
side peacekeeping missions to handle allegations, 
suspending payments to countries whose troops face 
credible allegations of misconduct; repatriation of 
units engaged in systematic abuse, establishing an 
online database to track allegations and investiga-
tions, appointing the first Special Coordinator on 
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Improving the United Nations Response to Sexual 
Exploitation and Abuse and the first Victims’ Rights 
Advocate, and establishing a trust fund to support 
and assist victims. 
(16) Improving the United States financial 
standing at the United Nations would allow the 
United States to more effectively advocate for a 
range of reform efforts, including supporting strate-
gies that have been particularly effective in reducing 
sexual and gender-based violence where peacekeepers 
operate, while also continuing to strengthen meas-
ures to end instances of sexual exploitation and 
abuse in United Nations peacekeeping operations. 
(17) Improving the United States financial 
standing at the United Nations would also support 
efforts to increase representation of Americans in 
key roles at the United Nations Secretariat. 
(18) In 2024, the scale of assessments negotia-
tions will occur again and a demonstrated willing-
ness to pay United States assessments in full will 
play an important role in garnering support from 
other United Nations member states. 
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SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY CONCERNING UNITED 
STATES ENGAGEMENT REGARDING UNITED 
NATIONS PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—It is the policy of the United 
States that the Permanent Representative of the United 
States to the United Nations— 
(1) support the development and implementa-
tion of standard performance assessment systems 
and investigative measures to identify exemplary 
performance and address mission-specific and sys-
tem-wide weaknesses; 
(2) support the full implementation of a man-
agement reform agenda that decentralizes decision- 
making authority, simplifies and streamlines policy 
and processes, and strengthens accountability and 
transparency for managing United Nations offices 
and functions; 
(3) advocate for the development of a common 
political strategy in-country among relevant actors, 
including regional organizations, United Nation 
member states, international financial institutions, 
and United Nations agencies, funds, and programs; 
(4) advocate for robust engagement with host 
countries and local communities, including by advo-
cating for resources to be directed to community-led 
peace initiatives; 
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(5) support efforts to deploy more mobile, 
adaptable, and agile forces for more effective United 
Nations peacekeeping operations; 
(6) support the development of a system-wide 
strategy on sustainable peacekeeping transitions that 
ensure planning and decision-making is based on 
measurable benchmarks, including ensuring the pro-
tection of civilians; 
(7) lead and advocate for efforts to promote 
and protect internationally recognized human rights 
standards regarding United Nations peacekeeping 
operations, including the robust funding and support 
of human rights positions; 
(8) advocate for efforts to develop a more com-
prehensive plan for accountability and justice, par-
ticularly relating to tracking misconduct and inclu-
sion of survivors in decision-making, for peace-
keepers and other United Nations staff involved in 
sexual exploitation, abuse, or other violations of 
human rights that contravene United Nations and 
United States rules, regulations, or values; 
(9) engage in dialogue with United Nations 
member states to secure a more favorable modifica-
tion of United Nations scales of assessments of the 
peacekeeping budget that works to diversify the 
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funding base and create a sustainable funding plan; 
and 
(10) support implementation of United Nations 
Security Council Resolution 1325 by working with 
the United Nations and United Nations member 
states to increase the meaningful participation of 
women in United Nations peacekeeping operations. 
(b) ADVOCACY OF PEACEKEEPING REFORMS AT THE 
UNITED NATIONS.—The Secretary of State shall instruct 
the Permanent Representative of the United States to the 
United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the 
United States at the United Nations to accomplish the 
policy specified in subsection (a), consistent with the na-
tional security interests of the United States. 
SEC. 4. REPEAL OF THE 25 PERCENT CAP ON UNITED 
STATES CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNITED NA-
TIONS PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (b) of section 404 of 
the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 
1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103–236; 22 U.S.C. 287e 
note; relating to a limitation on United States contribu-
tions to United Nations peacekeeping operations) is re-
pealed. 
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(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
Section 404 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, 
Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 is amended by striking— 
‘‘(a) REASSESSMENT OF CONTRIBUTIONS PERCENT-
AGES.—’’. 
SEC. 
5. 
REPORTS 
ON 
UNITED 
STATES 
EFFORTS 
TO 
ACHIEVE UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING 
REFORM. 
Section 4 of the United Nations Participation Act of 
1945 (22 U.S.C. 287b) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in paragraph (3)— 
(i) by striking subparagraph (B); and 
(ii) by redesignating subparagraph 
(C) as subparagraph (B); 
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and 
(5) as paragraphs (5) and (6), respectively; 
(C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the 
following new paragraph: 
‘‘(4) UNITED
NATIONS
PEACEKEEPING
RE-
FORM.—A description of the status of United States 
efforts in the United Nations to ensure the United 
Nations— 
‘‘(A) develops and implements standard 
peacekeeping operation performance assessment 
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systems and investigative measures to identify 
exemplary performance and address operation- 
specific and system-wide weaknesses; 
‘‘(B) fully implements a management re-
form agenda that decentralizes decision-making 
authority, simplifies and streamlines policy and 
processes, and strengthens accountability and 
transparency for managing United Nations of-
fices and functions; 
‘‘(C) develops for each peacekeeping oper-
ation a common political strategy in-country 
among relevant actors, including regional orga-
nizations, United Nations member states, inter-
national financial institutions, and United Na-
tions agencies, funds, and programs; 
‘‘(D) fully engages with host countries and 
local communities, including directing resources 
to community-led peace initiatives; 
‘‘(E) deploys more mobile, adaptable, and 
agile forces for more effective peacekeeping op-
erations; 
‘‘(F) develops a system-wide strategy on 
sustainable peacekeeping transitions that en-
sure planning and decision-making is based on 
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