I 
111TH CONGRESS 
2D SESSION 
H. R. 6029 
To reauthorize and improve the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
JULY 30, 2010 
Mr. ELLISON (for himself and Mr. SCOTT of Virginia) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor, and 
in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subse-
quently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 
A BILL 
To reauthorize and improve the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2010’’. 
SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title. 
Sec. 2. Table of contents. 
TITLE I—FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE 
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Sec. 101. Findings. 
Sec. 102. Purposes. 
Sec. 103. Definitions. 
TITLE II—JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION 
Sec. 201. Concentration of Federal efforts. 
Sec. 202. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Preven-
tion. 
Sec. 203. Annual report. 
Sec. 204. Allocation of funds. 
Sec. 205. State plans. 
Sec. 206. Authority to make grants. 
Sec. 207. Grants to Indian tribes. 
Sec. 208. Research and evaluation; statistical analyses; information dissemina-
tion. 
Sec. 209. Training and technical assistance. 
Sec. 210. Grants for youth and family serving organizations. 
Sec. 211. Incentive grants for State and local programs. 
Sec. 212. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 213. Administrative authority. 
Sec. 214. Authority for Federal pretrial services with respect to juveniles. 
Sec. 215. Technical and conforming amendments. 
TITLE III—INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY 
PREVENTION PROGRAMS 
Sec. 301. Definitions. 
Sec. 302. Grants for delinquency prevention programs. 
Sec. 303. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 304. Technical and conforming amendment. 
TITLE IV—PRECAUTION ACT 
Sec. 401. Short title. 
Sec. 402. Purposes. 
Sec. 403. Definitions. 
Sec. 404. National Commission on Public Safety Through Crime Prevention. 
Sec. 405. Innovative crime prevention and intervention strategies. 
Sec. 406. Funding. 
TITLE V—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 
Sec. 501. Evaluation by General Accounting Office. 
TITLE I—FINDINGS AND 
DECLARATION OF PURPOSE 
SEC. 101. FINDINGS. 
Section 101 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601) is amended to 
read as follows: 
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‘‘SEC. 101. FINDINGS. 
‘‘Congress finds the following: 
‘‘(1) A growing body of adolescent development 
research supports the use of developmentally appro-
priate services and sanctions for youth in the juve-
nile justice system and those at risk for delinquent 
behavior to help prevent youth crime and to success-
fully intervene with youth who have already entered 
the system. 
‘‘(2) Research has shown that targeted invest-
ments to redirect offending juveniles onto a different 
path are cost effective and can help reduce juvenile 
recidivism and adult crime. 
‘‘(3) Detention of youth who are arrested for 
nonviolent crime in secure facilities is not an effec-
tive way to enhance public safety. Youth who are de-
tained in secure facilities are almost 5 times more 
likely to be rearrested than youth who have com-
mitted the same offense and have not been detained. 
‘‘(4) African-American and other youth of color 
are disproportionately represented in the juvenile 
justice system. In 2003, African-American youth 
constituted 16 percent of the adolescent population 
of the United States, but constituted 28 percent of 
youth arrested, 37 percent of youth securely de-
tained before adjudication, 30 percent of youth adju-
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dicated in juvenile court, 35 percent of youth judi-
cially waived to adult criminal court, 38 percent of 
youth sent to residential placement, and 58 percent 
of youth admitted to State prisons. 
‘‘(5) African-American and other youth of color 
are treated more harshly than White youth, even 
when charged with the same type of offense. Afri-
can-American and other youth of color are dis-
proportionately more likely than White youth to be 
arrested, referred to juvenile court, detained before 
adjudication, petitioned, judicially waived to adult 
court, ordered to residential placement, admitted to 
locked State public facilities, spend longer periods of 
time incarcerated, and admitted to State prisons, 
even for the same type of offense. 
‘‘(6) Youth of color charged with low-level of-
fenses, technical violations, and minor misbehavior 
unnecessarily enter and move more deeply into the 
juvenile justice system. Youth of color constitute 69 
percent of the youth held in secure detention. In 
2006, only 21 percent of the youth in secure deten-
tion were charged with serious violent crimes, while 
10 percent were charged with simple assaults and 
other offenses against persons, and 28 percent were 
charged with status offenses (offenses that are only 
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a crime if committed by a minor) and technical vio-
lations of probation or court orders. 
‘‘(7) Comprehensive, collaborative, data-driven 
efforts and objective risk assessment instruments are 
necessary to achieve significant reductions in the 
number and percentage of youth of color at the key 
decision points of the juvenile justice system, as 
identified by the Office of Juvenile Justice and De-
linquency Prevention, including arrest, referral, in-
formal processing, detention, petition, adjudication, 
probation, placement, and transfer to adult court. 
Comprehensive, collaborative, data-driven efforts are 
also necessary to implement effective, gender-specific 
alternatives to detention. Jurisdictions that have 
made such efforts have enhanced the fairness of 
their juvenile justice systems. 
‘‘(8) Juvenile detention is a crucial decision 
point in the juvenile justice process. Juvenile deten-
tion is the ‘gateway’ to processing and treatment of 
youth by the courts, probation, and State juvenile 
justice agencies. An estimated 400,000 youth are 
held in secure detention each year. Approximately 
26,000 are held each night. 
‘‘(9) Unnecessary and inappropriate detention 
has significant negative consequences for youth of 
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color and other youth in the juvenile justice system. 
Research shows that youth who are incarcerated are 
less likely to complete high school, find employment, 
and form stable families, and are more likely to be 
rearrested and to abuse drugs and alcohol. 
‘‘(10) Detention populations have been reduced 
by 35 percent in 78 jurisdictions that have followed 
comprehensive detention reform based upon national 
best practices. In 24 of those jurisdictions, detention 
populations were reduced by more than 50 percent. 
‘‘(11) Comprehensive detention reform based on 
national best practices does not jeopardize public 
safety. Jurisdictions that have followed such com-
prehensive detention reform have seen reductions in 
the number of arrests of juveniles for serious of-
fenses. In some jurisdictions the reductions have ex-
ceeded 40 percent. 
‘‘(12) Jurisdictions that have followed com-
prehensive detention reform based on national best 
practices have achieved substantial savings for tax-
payers. Twenty-seven jurisdictions that have followed 
such comprehensive detention reform have closed de-
tention units or entire facilities as a result of smaller 
detention populations, reducing the total number of 
detention beds in those 27 jurisdictions by 978 beds. 
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‘‘(13) Between 1990 and 2004, the number of 
youth in adult jails increased by 208 percent. 
‘‘(14) Every day in the United States, an aver-
age of 7,500 youth are incarcerated in adult jails. 
‘‘(15) Youth who have been previously tried as 
adults are, on average, 34 percent more likely to 
commit crimes than youth retained in the juvenile 
justice system. 
‘‘(16) Research has shown that every dollar 
spent on evidence-based programs can yield up to 
$13 in cost savings. 
‘‘(17) Each child prevented from engaging in 
repeat criminal offenses can save the community 
$1,700,000 to $3,400,000. 
‘‘(18) Youth are 19 times more likely to commit 
suicide in jail than youth in the general population 
and 36 times more likely to commit suicide in an 
adult jail than in a juvenile detention facility. 
‘‘(19) Seventy percent of youth in detention are 
held for nonviolent charges, and more than 2⁄3 are 
charged with property offenses, public order of-
fenses, technical probation violations, or status of-
fenses, such as truancy, running away, or breaking 
curfew. 
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‘‘(20) The prevalence of mental disorders 
among youth in juvenile justice systems is 2 to 3 
times higher than among youth in the general popu-
lation. 
‘‘(21) Eighty percent of juveniles in juvenile 
justice systems have a nexus to substance abuse. 
‘‘(22) The proportion of females entering the 
justice system has increased steadily over the past 
several decades, rising from 20 percent in 1980 to 
29 percent in 2007. Most of the girls entering the 
system, up to 73 percent, have histories of physical 
and sexual victimization, and their entry into the 
criminal and juvenile justice system is often pre-
ceded by their sexual and physical victimization. Fe-
males are disproportionately arrested for status of-
fenses, such as running away from violent and tur-
bulent home situations. In 2003, while females rep-
resented 15 percent of all juvenile offenders in cus-
tody, they represented 40 percent of status offenders 
in custody. Recent statistics also show that female 
status offenders are held in custody twice as long as 
male status offenders.’’. 
SEC. 102. PURPOSES. 
(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act are— 
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(1) to reduce recidivism by reiterating that the 
original purpose of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Act of 1974 was to provide for 
education and rehabilitation of youth involved with 
the juvenile justice system, not punishment alone; 
(2) to provide alternatives to detention for 
youth involved in the juvenile justice system; 
(3) to support effective State and local efforts 
to reduce the disproportionate numbers of youth of 
color involved in the juvenile justice system; 
(4) to support State and local efforts to provide 
effective gender-specific prevention, treatment, and 
intervention for youth involved in, or at risk of be-
coming involved in, the juvenile justice system; and 
(5) to support State and local efforts to achieve 
comprehensive detention reform based upon national 
best practices and evidence-based models that reduce 
recidivism, including reduction in the detention of 
youth of color and female youth who are awaiting 
adjudication hearings. 
(b) AMENDMENTS.—Section 102 of the Juvenile Jus-
tice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
5602) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
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(2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(4) to support a continuum of programs (in-
cluding delinquency prevention, intervention, mental 
health 
and 
substance 
abuse 
treatment, 
and 
aftercare) to address the needs of at-risk youth and 
youth who come into contact with the justice sys-
tem.’’. 
SEC. 103. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (8), by amending subpara-
graph (C) to read as follows: 
‘‘(C) an Indian tribe; or’’; 
(2) by amending paragraph (18) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(18) the term ‘Indian tribe’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 4 of the Indian Self-De-
termination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 450b);’’; 
(3) in paragraph (22), by striking ‘‘or confine 
adults’’ and all that follows and inserting ‘‘or con-
fine adult inmates;’’; 
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(4) by amending paragraph (26) to read as fol-
lows: 
‘‘(26) the term ‘adult inmate’— 
‘‘(A) means an individual who— 
‘‘(i) has reached the age of full crimi-
nal responsibility under applicable State 
law; and 
‘‘(ii) has been arrested and is in cus-
tody for or awaiting trial on a criminal 
charge, or is convicted of a criminal charge 
offense; and 
‘‘(B) does not include an individual who— 
‘‘(i) at the time of the time of the of-
fense, was younger than the maximum age 
at which a youth can be held in a juvenile 
facility under applicable State law; and 
‘‘(ii) was committed to the care and 
custody of a juvenile correctional agency by 
a court of competent jurisdiction or by op-
eration of applicable State law;’’; 
(5) in paragraph (28), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(6) in paragraph (29), by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and 
(7) by adding at the end the following: 
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‘‘(30) the term ‘core requirements’ means the 
requirements described in paragraphs (11), (12), 
(13), (14), and (15) of section 223(a); 
‘‘(31) the term ‘chemical agent’ means a spray 
used to temporarily incapacitate a person, including 
oleoresin 
capsicum 
spray, 
tear 
gas, 
and 
2- 
chlorobenzalmalononitrile gas; 
‘‘(32) the term ‘isolation’— 
‘‘(A) means any instance in which a youth 
is confined alone for more than 15 minutes in 
a room or cell; and 
‘‘(B) does not include confinement during 
regularly scheduled sleeping hours, or for not 
more than 1 hour during any 24-hour period in 
the room or cell in which the youth usually 
sleeps, protective confinement (for injured 
youths or youths whose safety is threatened), 
separation based on an approved treatment pro-
gram, confinement that is requested by the 
youth, or the separation of the youth from a 
group in a non-locked setting for the purpose of 
calming; 
‘‘(33) the term ‘restraint’ has the meaning 
given that term in section 591 of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 290ii); 
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‘‘(34) the term ‘evidence-based’ means a pro-
gram or practice that is demonstrated to be effective 
and that— 
‘‘(A) is based on a clearly articulated and 
empirically supported theory; 
‘‘(B) has measurable outcomes, including a 
detailed description of what outcomes were pro-
duced in a particular population; and 
‘‘(C) has been scientifically tested, opti-
mally through randomized control studies or 
comparison group studies; 
‘‘(35) the term ‘promising’ means a program or 
practice that is demonstrated to be effective based 
on positive outcomes from 1 or more objective eval-
uations, as documented in writing to the Adminis-
trator; 
‘‘(36) the term ‘dangerous practice’ means an 
act, procedure, or program that creates an unreason-
able risk of physical injury, pain, or psychological 
harm to a juvenile subjected to the act, procedure, 
or program; 
‘‘(37) the term ‘screening’ means a brief proc-
ess— 
‘‘(A) designed to identify youth who may 
have mental health or substance abuse needs 
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requiring immediate attention, intervention, and 
further evaluation; and 
‘‘(B) the purpose of which is to quickly 
identify a youth with a possible mental health 
or substance abuse need in need of further as-
sessment; 
‘‘(38) the term ‘assessment’ includes, at a min-
imum, an interview and review of available records 
and other pertinent information— 
‘‘(A) by a mental health or substance 
abuse professional who meets the criteria of the 
applicable State for licensing and education in 
the mental health or substance abuse field; and 
‘‘(B) which is designed to identify signifi-
cant mental health or substance abuse treat-
ment needs to be addressed during a youth’s 
confinement; 
‘‘(39) the term ‘contact with the juvenile justice 
system’ means the point at which a youth interacts 
with the juvenile justice system or criminal justice 
system, including interaction with a juvenile justice, 
juvenile court, or law enforcement official, and in-
cluding brief, sustained, or repeated interaction; 
‘‘(40) the term ‘gender-specific services’ means 
juvenile justice programs, policies, practices, work-
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force training, or direct services targeted to address 
needs unique to the gender of the juveniles being 
served, which may include— 
‘‘(A) treatment for trauma, domestic vio-
lence, dating violence, sexual assault, child 
abuse, and witnessing domestic violence; 
‘‘(B) alternatives to detention and incar-
ceration; 
‘‘(C) mental and physical health screening 
and services; 
‘‘(D) education and services related to 
health, pregnancy, and parenting; 
‘‘(E) training and vocational programs in 
high-demand, high-wage fields that are non-
traditional fields for juveniles of the gender 
being served; 
‘‘(F) substance abuse screening and pre-
vention; 
‘‘(G) methods used to protect safety and 
security in programs; 
‘‘(H) programs that foster positive rela-
tionships of juveniles with the peers, family, 
and community of such juveniles; and 
‘‘(I) policies to reduce gender bias in pre- 
adjudication and post-adjudication placement, 
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particularly with respect to placement of female 
juvenile offenders when there are a lack of gen-
der-specific, community-based placement op-
tions; and 
‘‘(41) the term ‘comprehensive detention reform 
based upon national best practices’ means a collabo-
rative, data-driven, interrelated set of changes to ju-
venile justice policy, practice, and programming de-
signed to safely eliminate unnecessary and inappro-
priate reliance on secure detention of juveniles 
that— 
‘‘(A) may include— 
‘‘(i) participation of non-traditional 
stakeholders (such as communities of color 
and children and families impacted by the 
juvenile justice system); and 
‘‘(ii) other strategies and practices re-
quired of States participating in the Juve-
nile Detention Alternatives Initiative spon-
sored by the Annie E. Casey Foundation; 
and 
‘‘(B) at a minimum, utilizes all of the fol-
lowing strategies: 
‘‘(i) Collaborating among juvenile jus-
tice agencies, other governmental entities, 
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and community organizations for planning 
and policymaking related to detention of 
juveniles. 
‘‘(ii) Using data to analyze system 
processes, develop interventions, and mon-
itor reforms related to detention of juve-
niles. 
‘‘(iii) Developing objective juvenile de-
tention admissions criteria and instru-
ments. 
‘‘(iv) Establishing new or enhanced al-
ternatives to secure detention, particularly 
alternatives that permit juveniles to remain 
in their local communities. 
‘‘(v) Instituting case processing re-
forms to expedite the flow of cases through 
the juvenile justice system. 
‘‘(vi) Identifying special populations of 
youth in contact with the juvenile justice 
system, including probation violators and 
youth 
awaiting 
out-of-home 
placement 
after adjudication, who may not need to be 
securely confined. 
‘‘(vii) Reducing racial, ethnic, and 
gender disparities in the juvenile justice 
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system, including overrepresentation of 
youth of color in such system, and unnec-
essary entry and further progression of 
such youth deeper into such system. 
‘‘(viii) Improving conditions of con-
finement for youth who are held in secure 
detention.’’. 
TITLE 
II—JUVENILE 
JUSTICE 
AND DELINQUENCY PREVEN-
TION 
SEC. 201. CONCENTRATION OF FEDERAL EFFORTS. 
Section 204(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
5614(a)(2)(B)(i)) is amended by striking ‘‘240 days after 
the date of enactment of this paragraph’’ and inserting 
‘‘July 2, 2010’’. 
SEC. 202. COORDINATING COUNCIL ON JUVENILE JUSTICE 
AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION. 
Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5616) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘the Administrator of 
the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services Administration, the Secretary of 
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paragraph’’ and inserting ‘‘May 3, 
2010’’; 
(II) by striking ‘‘Committee on 
Education and the Workforce’’ and 
inserting ‘‘Committee on Education 
and Labor’’; and 
(III) by striking the period and 
inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(C) not later than 120 days after the comple-
tion of the last meeting in any fiscal year, submit to 
Congress a report regarding the recommendations 
described in subparagraph (A), which shall— 
‘‘(i) include a detailed account of the ac-
tivities conducted by the Council during the fis-
cal year, including a complete detailed account-
ing of expenses incurred by the Coordinating 
Council to conduct operations in accordance 
with this section; 
‘‘(ii) be published on the websites of the 
Department of Justice and the Coordinating 
Council; and 
‘‘(iii) be in addition to the annual report 
required by section 207.’’. 
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SEC. 203. ANNUAL REPORT. 
Section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5617) is amended— 
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
striking ‘‘a fiscal year’’ and inserting ‘‘each fiscal 
year’’; 
(2) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ‘‘, 
ethnicity,’’ after ‘‘race’’; 
(B) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(C) in subparagraph (F)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and other’’ before 
‘‘disabilities,’’; and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(G) a summary of data from 1 month of 
the applicable fiscal year of the use of restraints 
and isolation upon juveniles held in the custody 
of secure detention and correctional facilities 
operated by a State or unit of local government; 
‘‘(H) the number of juveniles released from 
custody and the type of living arrangement to 
which each such juvenile was released; 
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‘‘(I) the number of status offense cases pe-
titioned to court (including a breakdown by 
type of offense and disposition), number of sta-
tus offenders held in secure detention, the find-
ings used to justify the use of secure detention, 
and the average period of time a status of-
fender was held in secure detention; and 
‘‘(J) the number of pregnant juveniles held 
in the custody of secure detention and correc-
tional facilities operated by a State or unit of 
local government.’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) A description of the criteria used to deter-
mine what programs qualify as evidence-based and 
promising programs under this title and title V and 
a comprehensive list of those programs the Adminis-
trator has determined meet such criteria. 
‘‘(6) A description of funding provided to In-
dian tribes under this Act, including direct Federal 
grants and funding provided to Indian tribes 
through a State or unit of local government. 
‘‘(7) An analysis and evaluation of the internal 
controls at Office of Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention to determine if grantees are fol-
lowing the requirements of Office of Juvenile Justice 
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and Delinquency Prevention grant programs and 
what remedial action Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention has taken to recover any 
grant funds that are expended in violation of the 
grant programs, including instances where sup-
porting documentation was not provided for cost re-
ports, where unauthorized expenditures occurred, 
and where subrecipients of grant funds were not 
compliant with program requirements. 
‘‘(8) An analysis and evaluation of the total 
amount of payments made to grantees that were re-
couped by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention from grantees that were found to 
be in violation of policies and procedures of the Of-
fice of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
grant programs. This analysis shall include the full 
name and location of the grantee, the violation of 
the program found, the amount of funds sought to 
be recouped by the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention, and the actual amount re-
couped by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention.’’. 
SEC. 204. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS. 
(a) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—Section 221(b)(1) of 
the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
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1974 (42 U.S.C. 5631(b)(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘2 
percent’’ and inserting ‘‘5 percent’’. 
(b) OTHER ALLOCATIONS.—Section 222 of the Juve-
nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 
U.S.C. 5632) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘age eight-
een.’’ and inserting ‘‘18 years of age, based on the 
most recent census data to monitor any significant 
changes in the relative population of people under 
18 years of age occurring in the States.’’; 
(2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as 
subsections (d) and (e), respectively; 
(3) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(c)(1) If any amount allocated under subsection (a) 
is withheld from a State due to noncompliance with the 
core requirements, the funds shall be reallocated for an 
improvement grant designed to assist the State in achiev-
ing compliance with the core requirements. 
‘‘(2) The Administrator shall condition a grant de-
scribed in paragraph (1) on— 
‘‘(A) the State, with the approval of the Admin-
istrator, developing specific action steps designed to 
restore compliance with the core requirements; and 
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‘‘(B) submitting to the Administrator semi-
annually a report on progress toward implementing 
the specific action steps developed under subpara-
graph (A). 
‘‘(3) The Administrator shall provide appropriate and 
effective technical assistance directly or through an agree-
ment with a contractor to assist a State receiving a grant 
described in paragraph (1) in achieving compliance with 
the core requirements.’’; 
(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘efficient administration, including moni-
toring, evaluation, and one full-time staff position’’ 
and inserting ‘‘effective and efficient administration, 
including the designation of at least 1 person to co-
ordinate efforts to achieve and sustain compliance 
with the core requirements’’; and 
(5) in subsection (e), as so redesignated, by 
striking ‘‘5 per centum of the minimum’’ and insert-
ing ‘‘not more than 5 percent of the’’. 
SEC. 205. STATE PLANS. 
Section 223 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by inserting ‘‘Not later than 30 days after the 
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(IV) in subclause (V), by striking 
‘‘delinquents or potential delinquents’’ 
and inserting ‘‘delinquent youth or 
youth at risk of delinquency, including 
volunteers who work with youth of 
color’’; 
(V) in subclause (VII), by strik-
ing ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(VI) by redesignating subclause 
(VIII) as subclause (XII); 
(VII) by inserting after subclause 
(VII) the following: 
‘‘(VIII) the executive director or 
the designee of the executive director 
of a public or nonprofit entity that is 
located in the State and receiving a 
grant under part A of title III; 
‘‘(IX) persons with expertise and 
competence in preventing and ad-
dressing mental health or substance 
abuse needs in juvenile delinquents 
and those at-risk of delinquency; 
‘‘(X) representatives of victim or 
witness advocacy groups; 
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‘‘(XI) individuals with special ex-
pertise or competence in addressing 
the needs of female youth or imple-
menting gender-specific juvenile serv-
ices; and’’; and 
(VIII) in subclause (XII), as so 
redesignated— 
(aa) by striking ‘‘disabil-
ities’’ and inserting ‘‘and other 
disabilities, truancy reduction or 
school failure’’; and 
(bb) by striking ‘‘and youth 
violence’’ and inserting ‘‘domestic 
violence, sexual assault, or other 
sexual victimization’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by strik-
ing ‘‘requirements of paragraphs (11), 
(12), and (13)’’ and inserting ‘‘core re-
quirements’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (E)(i), by adding 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(C) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by striking ‘‘section 222(d)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘section 222(e)’’; and 
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(ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
‘‘Indian tribes’’ and all that follows 
through ‘‘applicable to the detention and 
confinement of juveniles’’ and inserting 
‘‘Indian tribes that agree to attempt to 
comply with the core requirements applica-
ble to the detention and confinement of ju-
veniles’’; 
(D) in paragraph (7)(B)— 
(i) by striking clause (i) and inserting 
the following: 
‘‘(i) a plan for ensuring that the chief ex-
ecutive officer of the State, State legislature, 
and all appropriate public agencies in the State 
with responsibility for provision of services to 
children, youth and families are informed of the 
requirements of the State plan and compliance 
with the core requirements;’’; 
(ii) in clause (ii), by inserting ‘‘, in-
cluding identifiable needs related to phys-
ical and sexual victimization’’ after ‘‘delin-
quency’’; 
(iii) in clause (iii), by striking ‘‘and’’ 
at the end; and 
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(iv) by striking clause (iv) and insert-
ing the following: 
‘‘(iv) a plan to provide alternatives to de-
tention, including diversion to home-based or 
community-based services that are culturally 
and linguistically competent or treatment for 
those youth in need of mental health, substance 
abuse, or co-occurring disorder services at the 
time such juveniles first come into contact with 
the juvenile justice system; 
‘‘(v) a plan to reduce the number of chil-
dren housed in secure detention and corrections 
facilities who are awaiting placement in residen-
tial treatment programs; 
‘‘(vi) a plan to engage family members in 
the design and delivery of juvenile delinquency 
prevention and treatment services, particularly 
post-placement; and 
‘‘(vii) a plan for providing easily accessible, 
community-based and operated, culturally, lin-
guistically, and developmentally competent serv-
ices to youth at risk or in contact with the juve-
nile justice system;’’; 
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(E) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘exist-
ing’’ and inserting ‘‘evidence-based and prom-
ising’’; 
(F) in paragraph (9)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by striking ‘‘section 222(d)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘section 222(e)’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A)(i), by insert-
ing ‘‘status offenders and other’’ before 
‘‘youth who need’’; 
(iii) in subparagraph (B)(i)— 
(I) by striking ‘‘parents and 
other family members’’ and inserting 
‘‘status offenders, other youth, and 
the parents and other family members 
of such offenders and youth’’; and 
(II) by striking ‘‘be retained’’ 
and inserting ‘‘remain’’; 
(iv) in subparagraph (D), by inserting 
‘‘or physical or sexual violence’’ after 
‘‘child abuse or neglect’’; 
(v) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(G) through (S) as subparagraphs (J) 
through (V), respectively; 
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(vi) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(E) and (F) as subparagraphs (F) and 
(G), respectively; 
(vii) by inserting after subparagraph 
(D) the following: 
‘‘(E) providing training and technical as-
sistance to, and consultation with, juvenile jus-
tice and child welfare agencies of States and 
units of local government to develop coordinated 
plans for early intervention and treatment of 
youth who have a history of abuse and juveniles 
who have prior involvement with the juvenile 
justice system;’’; 
(viii) in subparagraph (G), as so re-
designated, by striking ‘‘expanding’’ and 
inserting ‘‘programs to expand’’; 
(ix) by inserting after subparagraph 
(G), as so redesignated, the following: 
‘‘(H) programs to improve the recruitment, 
selection, training, and retention of professional 
personnel in the fields of medicine, law enforce-
ment, judiciary, juvenile justice, social work and 
child protection, education, and other relevant 
fields who are engaged in, or intend to work in, 
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the field of prevention, identification, and treat-
ment of delinquency; 
‘‘(I) expanding access to publicly sup-
ported, court-appointed legal counsel and en-
hancing capacity for the competent representa-
tion of every child;’’; 
(x) in subparagraph (O), as so redes-
ignated— 
(I) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘re-
straints’’ and inserting ‘‘alternatives’’; 
and 
(II) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘by 
the provision’’; and 
(xi) in subparagraph (V), as so redes-
ignated, by striking the period at the end 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(G) in paragraph (11)— 
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by adding 
‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(C) encourage the use of community- 
based alternatives to secure detention, including 
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programs of public and nonprofit entities re-
ceiving a grant under part A of title III;’’; 
(H) by striking paragraph (22); 
(I) by redesignating paragraphs (23) 
through (28) as paragraphs (24) through (29), 
respectively; 
(J) by redesignating paragraphs (14) 
through (21) as paragraphs (16) through (23), 
respectively; 
(K) by inserting after paragraph (13) the 
following: 
‘‘(14) require that— 
‘‘(A) not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2010, 
unless a court finds, after a hearing and in 
writing, that it is in the interest of justice, juve-
niles awaiting trial or other legal process who 
are treated as adults for purposes of prosecu-
tion in criminal court and housed in a secure 
facility— 
‘‘(i) shall not have contact with adult 
inmates; and 
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‘‘(ii) except as provided in paragraph 
(13), may not be held in any jail or lockup 
for adults; 
‘‘(B) in determining under subparagraph 
(A) whether it is in the interest of justice to 
permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lock-
up for adults, or have contact with adult in-
mates, a court shall consider— 
‘‘(i) the age of the juvenile; 
‘‘(ii) the physical and mental maturity 
of the juvenile; 
‘‘(iii) the present mental state of the 
juvenile, including whether the juvenile 
presents an imminent risk of harm to the 
juvenile; 
‘‘(iv) the nature and circumstances of 
the alleged offense; 
‘‘(v) the juvenile’s history of prior de-
linquent acts; 
‘‘(vi) the relative ability of the avail-
able adult and juvenile detention facilities 
to meet the specific needs of the juvenile 
and to protect the public; 
‘‘(vii) whether placement in a juvenile 
facility will better serve the long-term in-
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terests of the juvenile and be more likely to 
prevent recidivism; 
‘‘(viii) the availability of programs de-
signed to treat the juvenile’s behavioral 
problems; and 
‘‘(ix) any other relevant factor; and 
‘‘(C) if a court determines under subpara-
graph (A) that it is in the interest of justice to 
permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or lock-
up for adults, or have contact with adult in-
mates— 
‘‘(i) the court shall hold a hearing not 
less frequently than once every 30 days to 
review whether it is still in the interest of 
justice to permit the juvenile to be so held 
or have such contact; and 
‘‘(ii) the juvenile shall not be held in 
any jail or lockup for adults, or permitted 
to have contact with adult inmates, for 
more than 180 days, unless the court, in 
writing, determines there is good cause for 
an extension or the juvenile expressly 
waives this limitation; 
‘‘(15) provide for juvenile justice policy, prac-
tice, and system improvement strategies at the 
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State, territory, local, and tribal levels, as applicable, 
to identify and reduce racial, ethnic, and gender dis-
parities among youth who come into contact with the 
juvenile justice system (without establishing or re-
quiring numerical standards or quotas) by— 
‘‘(A) establishing coordinating bodies com-
posed of juvenile justice stakeholders at the 
State, territory, local, or tribal levels, to oversee 
and monitor efforts by States, territories, units 
of local government, and Indian tribes to reduce 
racial, ethnic, and gender disparities; 
‘‘(B) identifying and analyzing in State, 
territory, local, or tribal juvenile justice systems 
key decision points of arrest, referral, informal 
resolution, detention, petition, adjudication, 
probation, and placement and transfer to the 
adult criminal justice system to determine 
which points create racial, ethnic, and gender 
disparities among youth who come into contact 
with the juvenile justice system; 
‘‘(C) developing and implementing data 
collection and analysis systems to identify 
where racial, ethnic, and gender disparities 
exist in the juvenile justice system and to track 
and analyze such disparities; 
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‘‘(D) developing and implementing a plan 
of action that includes measurable objectives for 
policy, practice, or other system changes to re-
duce racial, ethnic, and gender disparities, 
based on the needs identified in the data collec-
tion and analysis under subparagraph (B); and 
‘‘(E) publicly reporting, on an annual 
basis, the efforts made in accordance with sub-
paragraphs (B), (C), and (D);’’; 
(L) in paragraph (16), as so redesig-
nated— 
(i) by striking ‘‘adequate system’’ and 
inserting ‘‘effective system’’; 
(ii) by striking ‘‘requirements of para-
graph (11),’’ and all that follows through 
‘‘monitoring to the Administrator’’ and in-
serting ‘‘the core requirements are met, 
and for annual reporting to the Adminis-
trator of such plan, including the results of 
such monitoring and all related enforce-
ment and educational activities’’; and 
(iii) by striking ‘‘, in the opinion of 
the Administrator,’’; 
(M) in paragraph (17), as so redesignated, 
by striking ‘‘family income,’’ and inserting 
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‘‘ethnicity, family income, sexual orientation, 
gender identity,’’; 
(N) in paragraph (24), as so redesig-
nated— 
(i) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(ii) in subparagraph (C)— 
(I) in clause (i), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(II) in clause (ii), by adding 
‘‘and’’ at the end; and 
(III) by adding at the end the 
following: 
‘‘(iii) if such court determines the ju-
venile should be placed in a secure deten-
tion facility or correctional facility for vio-
lating such order— 
‘‘(I) the court shall issue a writ-
ten order that— 
‘‘(aa) identifies the valid 
court order that has been vio-
lated; 
‘‘(bb) specifies the factual 
basis for determining that there 
is reasonable cause to believe 
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that the juvenile has violated 
such order; 
‘‘(cc) includes findings of 
fact to support a determination 
that there is no appropriate less 
restrictive alternative available to 
placing the juvenile in such a fa-
cility, with due consideration to 
the best interest of the juvenile; 
‘‘(dd) specifies the length of 
time, not to exceed 7 days, that 
the juvenile may remain in a se-
cure detention facility or correc-
tional facility, and includes a 
plan for the juvenile’s release 
from such facility; and 
‘‘(ee) may not be renewed or 
extended; and 
‘‘(II) the court may not issue a 
second or subsequent order described 
in subclause (I) relating to a juvenile, 
unless the juvenile violates a valid 
court order after the date on which 
the court issues an order described in 
subclause (I);’’; and 
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(iii) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(D) there are procedures in place to en-
sure that any juvenile held in a secure detention 
facility or correctional facility pursuant to a 
court order described in this paragraph does 
not remain in custody longer than 7 days or the 
length of time authorized by the court, which 
ever is shorter; and 
‘‘(E) not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2010, 
with not more than one 1-year extension if the 
State can demonstrate hardship as determined 
by the Administrator, the State will eliminate 
the use of valid court orders to provide secure 
lockup of status offenders;’’; 
(O) in paragraph (26), as so redesignated, 
by striking ‘‘section 222(d)’’ and inserting ‘‘sec-
tion 222(e)’’; 
(P) in paragraph (27), as so redesig-
nated— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘and in accordance 
with confidentiality concerns,’’ after ‘‘max-
imum extent practicable,’’; and 
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(ii) by striking the semicolon at the 
end and inserting the following: ‘‘, so as to 
provide for— 
‘‘(A) a compilation of data reflecting infor-
mation on juveniles entering the juvenile justice 
system with a prior reported history as victims 
of child abuse or neglect through arrest, court 
intake, probation and parole, juvenile detention, 
and corrections; and 
‘‘(B) a plan to use the data described in 
subparagraph (A) to provide necessary services 
for the treatment of victims of child abuse and 
neglect who have entered, or are at risk of en-
tering, the juvenile justice system;’’; 
(Q) in paragraph (28), as so redesig-
nated— 
(i) by striking ‘‘establish policies’’ and 
inserting ‘‘establish protocols, policies, pro-
cedures,’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(R) in paragraph (29), as so redesignated, 
by striking the period at the end and inserting 
a semicolon; and 
(S) by adding at the end the following: 
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‘‘(30) provide for the coordinated use of funds 
provided under this Act with other Federal and 
State funds directed at juvenile delinquency preven-
tion and intervention programs; 
‘‘(31) develop policies and procedures, and pro-
vide training for facility staff to eliminate the use of 
dangerous practices, unreasonable restraints, and 
unreasonable isolation, including by developing effec-
tive behavior management techniques; 
‘‘(32) describe— 
‘‘(A) how the State will ensure that mental 
health and substance abuse screening, assess-
ment, referral, and treatment for juveniles in 
the juvenile justice system includes efforts to 
implement an evidence-based mental health and 
substance abuse disorder screening and assess-
ment program for all juveniles held in a secure 
facility for a period of more than 24 hours that 
provides for 1 or more initial screenings and, if 
an initial screening of a juvenile demonstrates 
a need, further assessment; 
‘‘(B) the method to be used by the State 
to provide screening and, where needed, assess-
ment, referral, and treatment for youth who re-
quest or show signs of needing mental health or 
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substance abuse screening, assessment, referral, 
or treatment during the period after the initial 
screening that the youth is incarcerated; 
‘‘(C) the method to be used by the State 
to provide or arrange for mental health and 
substance abuse disorder treatment for juve-
niles determined to be in need of such treat-
ment; and 
‘‘(D) the policies of the State designed to 
develop and implement comprehensive collabo-
rative State or local plans to meet the service 
needs of juveniles with mental health or sub-
stance abuse needs who come into contact with 
the justice system and the families of the juve-
niles; 
‘‘(33) provide procedural safeguards to adju-
dicated juveniles, including— 
‘‘(A) a written case plan for each juvenile, 
based on an assessment of the needs of the ju-
venile and developed and updated in consulta-
tion with the juvenile, the family of the juvenile, 
and, if appropriate, counsel for the juvenile, 
that— 
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‘‘(i) describes the pre-release and 
post-release programs and reentry services 
that will be provided to the juvenile; 
‘‘(ii) describes the living arrangement 
to which the juvenile is to be discharged; 
and 
‘‘(iii) establishes a plan for the enroll-
ment of the juvenile in post-release health 
care, behavioral health care, educational, 
vocational, training, family support, preg-
nancy and parenting support, public assist-
ance, and legal services programs, as ap-
propriate; 
‘‘(B) as appropriate, a hearing that— 
‘‘(i) shall take place in a family or ju-
venile court or another court (including a 
tribal court) of competent jurisdiction, or 
by an administrative body appointed or ap-
proved by the court, not earlier than 30 
days before the date on which the juvenile 
is scheduled to be released, and at which 
the juvenile shall be represented by coun-
sel; and 
‘‘(ii) shall determine the discharge 
plan for the juvenile, including a deter-
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mination of whether a safe, appropriate, 
and permanent living arrangement has 
been secured for the juvenile and whether 
enrollment in health care, behavioral health 
care, educational, vocational, training, fam-
ily support, pregnancy and parenting sup-
port, public assistance, and legal services 
programs, as appropriate, has been ar-
ranged for the juvenile; and 
‘‘(C) policies to ensure that discharge plan-
ning and procedures— 
‘‘(i) are accomplished in a timely fash-
ion prior to the release from custody of 
each adjudicated juvenile; and 
‘‘(ii) do not delay the release from 
custody of the juvenile; and 
‘‘(34) provide a description of the use by the 
State of funds for reentry and aftercare services for 
juveniles released from the juvenile justice system.’’; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph 
(1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘applicable require-
ments of paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and 
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(22) of subsection (a)’’ and inserting ‘‘core 
requirements’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘2001, then’’ and in-
serting ‘‘2010’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
(i) by striking ‘‘the subsequent fiscal 
year’’ and inserting ‘‘that fiscal year’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘, and’’ at the end and 
inserting a semicolon; 
(C) in paragraph (2)(B)(ii)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘, administrative,’’ 
after ‘‘appropriate executive’’; and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ‘‘, as specified in section 
222(c); and’’; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) the State shall submit to the Adminis-
trator a report detailing the reasons for noncompli-
ance with the core requirements, including the plan 
of the State to regain full compliance, and the State 
shall make publicly available such report, not later 
than 30 days after the date on which the Adminis-
trator approves the report, by posting the report on 
a publicly available website.’’; 
(3) in subsection (d)— 
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(A) by striking ‘‘section 222(d)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘section 222(e)’’; 
(B) by striking ‘‘described in paragraphs 
(11), (12), (13), and (22) of subsection (a)’’ 
and inserting ‘‘described in the core require-
ments’’; and 
(C) by striking ‘‘the requirements under 
paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and (22) of sub-
section (a)’’ and inserting ‘‘the core require-
ments’’; and 
(4) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the 
following: 
‘‘(f) COMPLIANCE DETERMINATION.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days 
after the date of receipt of information indicating 
that a State may be out of compliance with any of 
the core requirements, the Administrator shall deter-
mine whether the State is in compliance with the 
core requirements. 
‘‘(2) REPORTING.—The Administrator shall— 
‘‘(A) issue an annual public report— 
‘‘(i) describing any determination de-
scribed in paragraph (1) made during the 
previous year, including a summary of the 
information on which the determination is 
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based and the actions to be taken by the 
Administrator (including a description of 
any reduction imposed under subsection 
(c)); and 
‘‘(ii) for any such determination that 
a State is out of compliance with any of 
the core requirements, describing the basis 
for the determination; and 
‘‘(B) make the report described in sub-
paragraph (A) available on a publicly available 
website. 
‘‘(g) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 
‘‘(1) 
ORGANIZATION
OF
STATE
ADVISORY 
GROUP MEMBER REPRESENTATIVES.—The Adminis-
trator shall provide technical and financial assist-
ance to an agency, institution, or organization to as-
sist in carrying out the activities described in para-
graph (3). The functions and activities of an agency, 
institution, or organization under this subsection 
shall not be subject to the Federal Advisory Com-
mittee Act. 
‘‘(2) COMPOSITION.—To be eligible to receive 
assistance under this subsection, an agency, institu-
tion, or organization shall— 
‘‘(A) be governed by individuals who— 
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‘‘(i) have been appointed by a chief 
executive of a State to serve as a member 
of a State advisory group established 
under subsection (a)(3); and 
‘‘(ii) are elected to serve as a gov-
erning officer of such an agency, institu-
tion, or organization by a majority of the 
member Chairs (or the designees of the 
member Chairs) of all State advisory 
groups established under subsection (a)(3); 
‘‘(B) include member representatives— 
‘‘(i) from a majority of the State advi-
sory groups established under subsection 
(a)(3); and 
‘‘(ii) who are representative of region-
ally and demographically diverse State ju-
risdictions; and 
‘‘(C) annually seek advice from the Chairs 
(or the designees of the member Chairs) of each 
State advisory group established under sub-
section (a)(3) to implement the advisory func-
tions specified in subparagraphs (D) and (E) of 
paragraph (3) of this subsection. 
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‘‘(3) ACTIVITIES.—To be eligible to receive as-
sistance under this subsection, an agency, institu-
tion, or organization shall agree to— 
‘‘(A) conduct an annual conference of the 
member representatives of the State advisory 
groups established under subsection (a)(3) for 
purposes relating to the activities of such State 
advisory groups; 
‘‘(B) disseminate information, data, stand-
ards, advanced techniques, and program mod-
els; 
‘‘(C) review Federal policies regarding ju-
venile justice and delinquency prevention; 
‘‘(D) advise the Administrator regarding 
particular functions or aspects of the work of 
the Office; and 
‘‘(E) advise the President and Congress re-
garding State perspectives on the operation of 
the Office and Federal legislation relating to ju-
venile justice and delinquency prevention.’’. 
SEC. 206. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS. 
Section 241(a) of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5651(a)) is 
amended— 
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(1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘status of-
fenders,’’ before ‘‘juvenile offenders, and juveniles’’; 
(2) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘juvenile of-
fenders and juveniles’’ and inserting ‘‘status offend-
ers, juvenile offenders, and juveniles’’; 
(3) in paragraph (10), by inserting ‘‘, including 
juveniles with disabilities’’ before the semicolon; 
(4) in paragraph (17), by inserting ‘‘truancy 
prevention and reduction,’’ after ‘‘mentoring,’’; 
(5) in paragraph (24), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 
end; 
(6) by redesignating paragraph (25) as para-
graph (26); and 
(7) by inserting after paragraph (24) the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(25) projects that support the establishment of 
partnerships between a State and a university, insti-
tution of higher education, or research center de-
signed to improve the recruitment, selection, train-
ing, and retention of professional personnel in the 
fields of medicine, law enforcement, judiciary, juve-
nile justice, social work and child protection, edu-
cation, and other relevant fields who are engaged in, 
or intend to work in, the field of prevention, identi-
fication, and treatment of delinquency; and’’. 
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SEC. 207. GRANTS TO INDIAN TRIBES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 246(a)(2) of the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 
U.S.C. 5656(a)(2)) is amended— 
(1) by striking subparagraph (A); 
(2) 
by 
redesignating 
subparagraphs 
(B) 
through (E) as subparagraphs (A) through (D), re-
spectively; and 
(3) in subparagraph (B)(ii), as so redesignated, 
by striking ‘‘subparagraph (B)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub-
paragraph (A)’’. 
(b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 
Section 223(a)(7)(A) of the Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633(a)(7)(A)) 
is amended by striking ‘‘(including any geographical area 
in which an Indian tribe performs law enforcement func-
tions)’’ and inserting ‘‘(including any geographical area of 
which an Indian tribe has jurisdiction)’’. 
SEC. 208. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION; STATISTICAL 
ANALYSES; INFORMATION DISSEMINATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 251 of the Juvenile Jus-
tice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
5661) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (1)— 
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(i) in the matter proceeding subpara-
graph (A), by striking ‘‘may’’ and inserting 
‘‘shall’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
‘‘plan and identify’’ and inserting ‘‘annu-
ally provide a written and publicly avail-
able plan to identify’’; and 
(iii) in subparagraph (B)— 
(I) by amending clause (iii) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(iii) successful efforts to prevent status 
offenders and first-time minor offenders from 
subsequent involvement with the criminal jus-
tice system;’’; 
(II) by amending clause (vii) to 
read as follows: 
‘‘(vii) the prevalence and duration of be-
havioral health needs (including mental health, 
substance abuse, and co-occurring disorders) 
among juveniles pre-placement and post-place-
ment when held in the custody of secure deten-
tion and corrections facilities, including an ex-
amination of the effects of confinement;’’; 
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(III) by redesignating clauses 
(ix), (x), and (xi) as clauses (xi), (xii), 
and (xiii), respectively; and 
(IV) by inserting after clause 
(viii) the following: 
‘‘(ix) training efforts and reforms that 
have produced reductions in or elimination of 
the use of dangerous practices; 
‘‘(x) methods to improve the recruitment, 
selection, training, and retention of professional 
personnel in the fields of medicine, law enforce-
ment, judiciary, juvenile justice, social work and 
child protection, education, and other relevant 
fields who are engaged in, or intend to work in, 
the field of prevention, identification, and treat-
ment of delinquency;’’; 
(B) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subpara-
graph (A), by inserting ‘‘and not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of the 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Preven-
tion Reauthorization Act of 2010’’ after 
‘‘date of enactment of this paragraph’’; 
(ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
‘‘and’’ at the end; 
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(iii) in subparagraph (G), by striking 
the period at the end and inserting a semi-
colon; and 
(iv) by adding at the end the fol-
lowing: 
‘‘(H) a description of the best practices in dis-
charge planning; and 
‘‘(I) an assessment of living arrangements for 
juveniles who cannot return to the homes of the ju-
veniles.’’; and 
(C) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(5) Not later than 3 years after the date of 
enactment of this paragraph, the Administrator 
shall— 
‘‘(A) complete a study with respect to 
meeting the needs of female youth and of youth 
with a prior history of sexual or physical victim-
ization, which shall include— 
‘‘(i) identifying screening and assess-
ment tools that have a favorable gender- 
based performance rating and that effec-
tively identify histories of child abuse, sex-
ual assault, dating violence, other sexual 
victimization, and witnessing domestic vio-
lence; 
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‘‘(ii) identifying links between expo-
sure to violence and abuse (including do-
mestic violence, dating violence, and sexual 
assault) and behaviors that bring youth 
into contact with the juvenile justice sys-
tem that could assist with the goal of de-
veloping better services and care for youth 
who are exposed to such violence and 
abuse and who come into contact with the 
juvenile justice system; 
‘‘(iii) assessing whether the provision 
of educational and recreational programs 
for female youth is equitable compared to 
the provision of such programs for males; 
and 
‘‘(iv) identifying and evaluating gen-
der-specific care and practices for juvenile 
offenders, including— 
‘‘(I) care and practices related to 
hygiene needs, pregnancy and sexual 
health, access to family (including 
children of offenders), and the provi-
sion of services and treatment for cur-
rent and past physical or sexual vic-
timization; 
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‘‘(II) the availability of equal ac-
cess for males and females to pro-
grams and services, including opportu-
nities for physical exercise; and 
‘‘(III) practices related to gen-
der-responsive training for staff, su-
pervision of female youth by female 
staff, restraint and isolation practices; 
and protection from abuse while in in-
stitutions; and 
‘‘(v) evaluating prevention, treatment, 
or rehabilitation programs for female youth 
that are promising or research-based with 
the goal of identifying a set of evidence- 
based programs for such youth; and 
‘‘(B) submit to Congress and the President 
a report on the results of the study carried out 
under 
subparagraph 
(A), 
including 
rec-
ommendations on the following: 
‘‘(i) A standard set of screening and 
assessment tools described in subpara-
graph (A)(i), based on the study of tools 
conducted under such subparagraph, that 
may be used to screen and assess juvenile 
offenders. 
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‘‘(ii) Appropriate training for per-
sonnel working with female juveniles who 
are victims of sexual violence. 
‘‘(iii) Referral to services or treat-
ment. 
‘‘(iv) Cross-agency collaboration. 
‘‘(v) Issues related to confidentiality. 
‘‘(vi) Standards for gender-specific 
care and practices for juvenile offenders, 
based on the study of such care and prac-
tices 
conducted 
under 
subparagraph 
(A)(iv).’’; 
(2) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘may’’ and inserting 
‘‘shall’’; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(f) NATIONAL RECIDIVISM MEASURE.—The Admin-
istrator, in consultation with experts in the field of juve-
nile justice research, recidivism, and data collection, 
shall— 
‘‘(1) establish a uniform method of data collec-
tion and technology that States shall use to evaluate 
data on juvenile recidivism on an annual basis; 
‘‘(2) establish a common national juvenile re-
cidivism measurement system; and 
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‘‘(3) make cumulative juvenile recidivism data 
that is collected from States available to the pub-
lic.’’. 
(b) STUDIES.— 
(1) ASSESSMENT OF TREATING JUVENILES AS 
ADULTS.—The Administrator shall— 
(A) not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, assess the effective-
ness of the practice of treating youth under 18 
years of age as adults for purposes of prosecu-
tion in criminal court; and 
(B) not later than 42 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act, submit to Con-
gress and the President, and make publicly 
available, a report on the findings and conclu-
sions of the assessment under subparagraph 
(A) and any recommended changes in law iden-
tified as a result of the assessment under sub-
paragraph (A). 
(2) OUTCOME
STUDY
OF
FORMER
JUVENILE 
OFFENDERS.—The Administrator shall conduct a 
study of adjudicated juveniles and publish a report 
on the outcomes for juveniles who have reintegrated 
into the community, which shall include information 
on the outcomes relating to family reunification, 
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housing, education, employment, health care, behav-
ioral health care, and repeat offending. 
(3) DISABILITIES.—Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis-
trator shall conduct a study that addresses the prev-
alence of disability and various types of disabilities 
in the juvenile justice population. 
(4) DEFINITION OF ADMINISTRATOR.—In this 
subsection, the term ‘‘Administrator’’ means the 
head of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delin-
quency Prevention. 
SEC. 209. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. 
Section 252 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5662) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘may’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘shall’’ 
before ‘‘develop and carry out projects’’; and 
(C) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘may’’ 
before ‘‘make grants to and contracts with’’; 
(2) in subsection (b)— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ‘‘may’’; 
(B) in paragraph (1)— 
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(i) by inserting ‘‘shall’’ before ‘‘de-
velop and implement projects’’; and 
(ii) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; 
(C) in paragraph (2)— 
(i) by inserting ‘‘may’’ before ‘‘make 
grants to and contracts with’’; and 
(ii) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting a semicolon; and 
(D) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(3) shall provide technical assistance to States 
and units of local government on achieving compli-
ance with the amendments made by the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization 
Act of 2010; and 
‘‘(4) shall provide technical assistance to States 
in support of efforts to establish partnerships be-
tween the State and an institution of higher edu-
cation or research center designed to improve the re-
cruitment, selection, training, and retention of pro-
fessional personnel in the fields of medicine, law en-
forcement, judiciary, juvenile justice, social work and 
child protection, education, and other relevant fields 
who are engaged in, or intend to work in, the field 
of prevention, identification, and treatment of delin-
quency.’’; and 
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(3) by adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(d) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES REGARD-
ING LEGAL REPRESENTATION OF CHILDREN.—The Ad-
ministrator shall develop and issue standards of practice 
for attorneys representing children, and ensure that the 
standards are adapted for use in States. 
‘‘(e) TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR 
LOCAL AND STATE JUVENILE DETENTION AND CORREC-
TIONS PERSONNEL.—The Administrator shall coordinate 
training and technical assistance programs with juvenile 
detention and corrections personnel of States and units 
of local government to— 
‘‘(1) promote methods for improving conditions 
of juvenile confinement, including those that are de-
signed to minimize the use of dangerous practices, 
unreasonable restraints, and isolation; and 
‘‘(2) encourage alternative behavior manage-
ment techniques. 
‘‘(f) TRAINING
AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TO 
SUPPORT
MENTAL
HEALTH
OR
SUBSTANCE
ABUSE 
TREATMENT INCLUDING HOME-BASED OR COMMUNITY- 
BASED CARE.—The Administrator shall provide training 
and technical assistance, in conjunction with the appro-
priate public agencies, to individuals involved in making 
decisions regarding the disposition of cases for youth who 
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enter the juvenile justice system about the appropriate 
services and placement for youth with mental health or 
substance abuse needs, including— 
‘‘(1) juvenile justice intake personnel; 
‘‘(2) probation officers; 
‘‘(3) juvenile court judges and court services 
personnel; 
‘‘(4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; 
and 
‘‘(5) family members of juveniles and family ad-
vocates. 
‘‘(g) TRAINING TO MEET THE NEEDS OF FEMALE 
YOUTH IN CONTACT WITH THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYS-
TEM.—The Administrator shall provide training to law en-
forcement, juvenile court judges, attorneys, and staff who 
work with youth in detention related to— 
‘‘(1) the benefits and availability of community- 
based alternatives to incarceration, especially for 
youth who have experienced physical or sexual abuse 
or other trauma; 
‘‘(2) indicators of possible abuse (including 
child abuse, domestic violence, dating violence, and 
sexual assault), and proper referral of youth who 
demonstrate such indicators for further assessment 
and services; 
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‘‘(3) examples of possible bias in arrest patterns 
and case processing, such as detention for technical 
violations, detention to protect female youth from 
sexual victimization, and intolerance of female youth 
who violate social norms related to sexuality and 
compliance; and 
‘‘(4) strength-based and gender-responsive pro-
gramming.’’. 
SEC. 210. GRANTS FOR YOUTH AND FAMILY SERVING ORGA-
NIZATIONS. 
Section 261 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5665) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: 
‘‘(c) GRANTS FOR YOUTH AND FAMILY SERVING OR-
GANIZATIONS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator, using a 
competitive process, may make grants to and enter 
contracts with qualified youth and family serving or-
ganizations, or combinations thereof, to provide an 
integrated continuum of services and programs for 
the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile de-
linquency. 
‘‘(2) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection— 
‘‘(A) the term ‘integrated continuum of 
services and programs’ means a variety of serv-
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ices and programs for youth at risk of becoming 
juvenile offenders and families of such youth, 
with each service or program— 
‘‘(i) sharing a well-defined set of pro-
cedures and practices that are applied 
similarly in different situations and pro-
grams; 
‘‘(ii) being replicable and producing 
results that can be observed, tracked, and 
measured; 
‘‘(iii) sharing a common theory and 
philosophy of care; 
‘‘(iv) operating in a manner that al-
lows youth and families to move across dif-
ferent service levels and expect and experi-
ence the same teaching methods, language, 
expectations, and outcome goals from care-
givers and other providers; and 
‘‘(v) allowing each youth and family to 
maintain and build on the success achieved 
at a previous level of service; and 
‘‘(B) the term ‘qualified youth and family 
serving organization’ means a private, nonprofit 
youth and family serving organization that— 
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‘‘(i) provides an integrated continuum 
of programs and services for youth at risk 
of becoming juvenile offenders and the 
families of such youth in areas affected by 
poverty and violence; 
‘‘(ii) serves a large percentage of eligi-
ble youth at risk of becoming juvenile of-
fenders and provides evidence-based, or 
evidence-informed, services and programs; 
‘‘(iii) teaches social and independent 
living skills for youth and families, builds 
healthy relationships between youth and 
families, and promotes self-government and 
self-determination for all youth and fami-
lies served; and 
‘‘(iv) is successful in balancing public 
funds with private donations and maxi-
mizing community involvement.’’. 
SEC. 211. INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR STATE AND LOCAL PRO-
GRAMS. 
Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre-
vention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amend-
ed— 
(1) by redesignating part F as part G; and 
(2) by inserting after part E the following: 
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‘‘PART F—INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR STATE AND 
LOCAL PROGRAMS 
‘‘SEC. 271. INCENTIVE GRANTS. 
‘‘(a) INCENTIVE GRANT FUNDS.— 
‘‘(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Administrator may 
make incentive grants to a State, unit of local gov-
ernment, or combination of States and local govern-
ments to assist a State, unit of local government, or 
combination thereof in carrying out an activity iden-
tified in subsection (b)(1). 
‘‘(2) LIMITED
ELIGIBILITY.—Notwithstanding 
paragraph (1), the Administrator may only make in-
centive grants to carry out the activities described in 
subparagraph (F) of subsection (b)(1) to eligible 
States. For the purposes of this paragraph, an eligi-
ble State is— 
‘‘(A) a State that the Administrator deter-
mines, at the time of application for such a 
grant, is not engaged in comprehensive deten-
tion reform based upon national best practices 
(as defined in section 103); or 
‘‘(B) a State that the Administrator deter-
mines, at the time of application for such a 
grant, is engaged in such comprehensive deten-
tion reform based upon national best practices, 
but that demonstrates to the Administrator 
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that the State will use such a grant to enhance 
or expand such reform (such as by expanding 
such reform to include additional local jurisdic-
tions in the State, or by building a State infra-
structure capable of supporting and sustaining 
detention reform at the local level). 
‘‘(b) USE OF FUNDS.— 
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—An incentive grant made by 
the Administrator under this section may be used 
to— 
‘‘(A) increase the use of evidence-based or 
promising prevention and intervention pro-
grams; 
‘‘(B) improve the recruitment, selection, 
training, and retention of professional personnel 
(including in the fields of medicine, law enforce-
ment, judiciary, juvenile justice, social work, 
and child prevention) who are engaged in, or in-
tend to work in, the field of prevention, inter-
vention, and treatment of juveniles to reduce 
delinquency; 
‘‘(C) establish or support a partnership be-
tween juvenile justice agencies of a State or 
unit of local government and mental health au-
thorities of State or unit of local government to 
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establish and implement programs to ensure 
there are adequate mental health and substance 
abuse screening, assessment, referral, treat-
ment, and after-care services for juveniles who 
come into contact with the juvenile justice sys-
tem by— 
‘‘(i) carrying out programs that divert 
from incarceration juveniles who come into 
contact with the juvenile justice system 
(including facilities contracted for oper-
ation by State or local juvenile authorities) 
and have mental health or substance abuse 
needs— 
‘‘(I) when such juveniles are at 
imminent risk of being taken into cus-
tody; 
‘‘(II) at the time such juveniles 
are initially taken into custody; 
‘‘(III) after such juveniles are 
charged with an offense or act of juve-
nile delinquency; 
‘‘(IV) after such juveniles are ad-
judicated delinquent and before case 
disposition; and 
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or substance abuse treatment 
professionals not later than 24 
hours after the screening; 
‘‘(II) that a juvenile who suffers 
from an acute mental disorder, is sui-
cidal, or is in need of medical atten-
tion due to intoxication is— 
‘‘(aa) placed in or imme-
diately transferred to an appro-
priate medical or mental health 
facility; and 
‘‘(bb) only admitted to a se-
cure correctional facility with 
written medical clearance; 
‘‘(III) that— 
‘‘(aa) for a juvenile identi-
fied by a screening as needing a 
mental health assessment, the 
mental health assessment and 
any indicated comprehensive eval-
uation or individualized treat-
ment plan are written and imple-
mented— 
‘‘(AA) not later than 2 
weeks after the date on 
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which the juvenile enters the 
juvenile justice system; or 
‘‘(BB) if a juvenile is 
entering a secure facility, 
not later than 1 week after 
the date on which the juve-
nile enters the juvenile jus-
tice system; and 
‘‘(bb) the assessments de-
scribed in item (aa) are com-
pleted by qualified health, mental 
health, and substance abuse pro-
fessionals; 
‘‘(IV) that— 
‘‘(aa) if the need for treat-
ment is indicated by the assess-
ment of a juvenile, the juvenile is 
referred to or treated by a quali-
fied professional; 
‘‘(bb) a juvenile who is re-
ceiving treatment for a mental 
health or substance abuse need 
on the date of the assessment 
continues to receive treatment; 
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‘‘(cc) treatment of a juvenile 
continues until a qualified mental 
health 
professional 
determines 
that the juvenile is no longer in 
need of treatment; and 
‘‘(dd) treatment plans for 
juveniles are reevaluated at least 
every 30 days; 
‘‘(V) that— 
‘‘(aa) discharge plans are 
prepared for an incarcerated ju-
venile when the juvenile enters 
the correctional facility in order 
to integrate the juvenile back 
into the family and the commu-
nity; 
‘‘(bb) discharge plans for an 
incarcerated juvenile are updated, 
in consultation with the family or 
guardian of a juvenile, before the 
juvenile leaves the facility; and 
‘‘(cc) discharge plans ad-
dress the provision of aftercare 
services; 
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‘‘(VI) that any juvenile in the ju-
venile justice system receiving psycho-
tropic medications is— 
‘‘(aa) under the care of a li-
censed psychiatrist; and 
‘‘(bb) monitored regularly by 
trained staff to evaluate the effi-
cacy and side effects of the psy-
chotropic medications; and 
‘‘(VII) that specialized treatment 
and services are continually available 
to a juvenile in the juvenile justice 
system who has— 
‘‘(aa) a history of mental 
health needs or treatment; 
‘‘(bb) a documented history 
of sexual offenses or sexual 
abuse, as a victim or perpetrator; 
‘‘(cc) substance abuse needs 
or a health problem, learning dis-
ability, or history of family abuse 
or violence; or 
‘‘(dd) developmental disabil-
ities; 
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‘‘(D) provide training, in conjunction with 
the public or private agency that provides men-
tal health services, to individuals involved in 
making decisions involving youth who enter the 
juvenile justice system (including intake per-
sonnel, law enforcement, prosecutors, juvenile 
court judges, public defenders, mental health 
and substance abuse service providers and ad-
ministrators, probation officers, and parents) 
that focuses on— 
‘‘(i) the availability of screening and 
assessment tools and the effective use of 
such tools; 
‘‘(ii) the purpose, benefits, and need 
to increase availability of mental health or 
substance abuse treatment programs (in-
cluding home-based and community-based 
programs) available to juveniles within the 
jurisdiction of the recipient; 
‘‘(iii) the availability of public and pri-
vate services available to juveniles to pay 
for mental health or substance abuse treat-
ment programs; or 
‘‘(iv) the appropriate use of effective 
home-based and community-based alter-
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natives to juvenile justice or mental health 
system institutional placement; 
‘‘(E) develop comprehensive collaborative 
plans to address the service needs of juveniles 
with mental health or substance abuse disorders 
who are at risk of coming into contact with the 
juvenile justice system that— 
‘‘(i) revise and improve the delivery of 
intensive home-based and community-based 
services to juveniles who have been in con-
tact with (or who are at risk of coming 
into contact with) the juvenile justice sys-
tem; 
‘‘(ii) determine how the service needs 
of juveniles with mental health or sub-
stance abuse disorders who come into con-
tact with the juvenile justice system will be 
furnished from the initial detention stage 
until after discharge in order for these ju-
veniles to avoid further contact with the 
justice system; 
‘‘(iii) demonstrate that the State or 
unit of local government has entered into 
appropriate agreements with all entities re-
sponsible for providing services under the 
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plan, such as the agency of the State or 
unit of local government charged with ad-
ministering juvenile justice programs, the 
agency of the State or unit of local govern-
ment charged with providing mental health 
services, the agency of the State or unit of 
local government charged with providing 
substance abuse treatment services, the 
educational agency of the State or unit of 
local government, the child welfare system 
of the State or local government, and pri-
vate nonprofit community-based organiza-
tions; 
‘‘(iv) ensure that the State or unit of 
local government has in effect any laws 
necessary for services to be delivered in ac-
cordance with the plan; 
‘‘(v) establish a network of individuals 
(or incorporates an existing network) to 
provide coordination between mental health 
service providers, substance abuse service 
providers, probation and parole officers, 
judges, corrections personnel, law enforce-
ment personnel, State and local edu-
cational agency personnel, parents and 
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