I 
118TH CONGRESS 
1ST SESSION H. R. 5660 
To provide for the protection of natural and cultural resources, Tribal collabo-
rative management, sustainable economic development, enhanced recre-
ation, and equitable access on Federal lands in eastern Imperial and 
Riverside counties, California, and for other purposes. 
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
SEPTEMBER 21, 2023 
Mr. RUIZ introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 
on Natural Resources 
A BILL 
To provide for the protection of natural and cultural re-
sources, Tribal collaborative management, sustainable 
economic development, enhanced recreation, and equi-
table access on Federal lands in eastern Imperial and 
Riverside counties, California, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Chuckwalla National 
Monument Establishment and Joshua Tree National Park 
Expansion Act of 2023’’. 
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SEC. 2. CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONUMENT TRIBAL COM-
MISSION. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es-
tablish a commission, to be known as the ‘‘Chuckwalla Na-
tional Monument Tribal Commission’’. 
(b) MEMBERSHIP.— 
(1) MAKEUP.—The Commission shall include a 
representative from each culturally affiliated Tribe. 
(2) PROCESS.—The Secretary shall conduct 
government-to-government consultation with each 
culturally affiliated tribe to determine the member-
ship of the Commission. 
(c) DUTIES.— 
(1) DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION.—The Com-
mission shall inform and provide input to the devel-
opment and implementation of the management plan 
alongside federal agencies. 
(2) DUTIES
OF
THE
SECRETARY.—The Sec-
retary shall— 
(A) ensure the Commission is equitably in-
volved in the development and implementation 
of the management plan and the subsequent 
management of the Monument; 
(B) incorporate into the management 
plan— 
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(i) the traditional and historical 
knowledge and special expertise of the 
Commission; and 
(ii) public education and interpreta-
tion for traditional place names and the 
cultural significance of lands within the 
Monument, as the Secretary and the Com-
mission determine to be appropriate; and 
(iii) address funding, capacity build-
ing, infrastructure for Tribes. 
(d) PROCEDURES.—The Commission shall establish 
such rules and procedures for the Commission as the Com-
mission determines to be necessary or desirable. 
SEC. 3. CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONUMENT ADVISORY 
COMMITTEE. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not less than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es-
tablish an advisory council, to be known as the 
‘‘Chuckwalla National Monument Advisory Council’’. 
(b) DUTIES.—The advisory council shall advise the 
Secretary with respect to the preparation of the manage-
ment plan for the Monument. 
(c) APPLICABLE LAW.—The advisory council shall be 
subject to— 
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vate land-ownership, non-governmental organi-
zations managing lands for conservation pur-
poses, and environmental, recreational, tourism, 
or other non-Federal land interests. 
(e) REPRESENTATION.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that the membership of the advisory council is fairly bal-
anced in terms of the points of view represented and the 
functions to be performed by the advisory council. 
(f) TERMS.— 
(1) STAGGERED TERMS.—Members of the advi-
sory council shall be appointed for terms of three 
years, except that, of the members first appointed, 
five of the members shall be appointed for a term 
of one year and five of the members shall be ap-
pointed for a term of two years. 
(2) REAPPOINTMENT.—A member may be re-
appointed to serve on the advisory council upon the 
expiration of the member’s current term. 
(3) VACANCY.—A vacancy on the advisory 
council shall be filled in the same manner as the 
original appointment. 
(g) QUORUM.—A quorum shall be eight members of 
the advisory council. The operations of the advisory coun-
cil shall not be impaired by the fact that a member has 
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not yet been appointed as long as a quorum has been at-
tained. 
(h) CHAIRPERSON AND PROCEDURES.—The advisory 
council shall elect a chairperson and establish such rules 
and procedures as it deems necessary or desirable. 
(i) SERVICE WITHOUT COMPENSATION.—Members of 
the advisory council shall serve without pay. 
(j) TERMINATION.—The advisory committee shall 
cease to exist on the date that the management plan is 
officially adopted by the Secretary unless the Secretary de-
termines to extend the advisory committee. 
SEC. 4. EXPANSION OF JOSHUA TREE NATIONAL PARK. 
Section 402 of the California Desert Protection Act 
of 1994 (Public Law 103–433) is amended by inserting 
‘‘and the approximately 20,005 acres on the map entitled 
‘Proposed Chuckwalla National Monunment’ and dated 
September 20, 2023,’’ after ‘‘October 1991 or prior,’’. 
SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. 
In this Act: 
(1) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 
the Secretary of the Interior. 
(2) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means the State 
of California. 
(3) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ 
means the governing body of any Indian tribe, band, 
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nation, pueblo, village, community, component band, 
or component reservation individually identified (in-
cluding parenthetically) on the list published by the 
Secretary under section 104 of the Federally Recog-
nized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 
5131). 
(4) MANAGEMENT PLAN.—The term ‘‘manage-
ment plan’’ means the management plan prepared 
under section 4(c)(10). 
(5) MAP.—The term ‘‘Map’’ means the map ti-
tled ‘‘Proposed Chuckwalla National Monument’’ 
and dated September 20, 2023. 
(6) 
MONUMENT.—The 
term 
‘‘Monument’’ 
means the Chuckwalla National Monument estab-
lished by section 4(a). 
(7) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘commission’’ 
means the Chuckwalla National Monument Tribal 
Commission established by section 6(a). 
(8) ADVISORY COUNCIL.—The term ‘‘advisory 
council’’ means the Chuckwalla National Monument 
Advisory Council established by section 7(a). 
(9) DESERT RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSERVA-
TION
PLAN.—The term ‘‘desert renewable energy 
conservation plan’’ means the Record of Decision for 
the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan 
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Land Use Plan Amendment to the California Desert 
Conservation Plan, Bishop Resource Management 
Plan, and Bakersfield Resource Management Plan 
by the Bureau of Land Management, dated Sep-
tember 2016, as amended. 
SEC. 6. FINDINGS. 
Congress finds that the lands designated as the 
Chuckwalla National Monument— 
(1) are the ancestral homelands of numerous 
Tribes including the Iviatim, Kwatsa´an, Maara’yam, 
Nu¨wu¨, and Pipa Aha Macav peoples, which include 
today’s Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Mojave, Quechan, and 
Serrano nations and— 
(A) continue to be regularly accessed and 
utilized by these same Tribes today; 
(B) will continue to be used by the Tribes 
in the future; 
(C) contain a complex trail system estab-
lished by Native Americans for various uses in-
cluding spiritual travel, trade, communication, 
and which connects to regions outside of the 
Monument boundaries, including Avi Kwa Ame; 
(D) include sacred sites, historic prop-
erties, traditional cultural places and cultural 
landscapes, sacred items, objects of cultural 
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patrimony, human remains, religious sites, 
geoglyphs, petroglyphs, and pictographs with 
significant value to the survival and well-being 
of Tribal people and their knowledge systems; 
(E) plants, wildlife, water sources, and 
minerals which are connected together as part 
of a greater cultural landscape; and 
(F) the associated Indian Tribes have a 
longstanding relationship to the area, acting as 
its stewards since time immemorial, with obliga-
tions to care for the cultural, spiritual, and nat-
ural resources provided to them by the land in-
cluding sacred places, plants, wildlife, water 
sources, and minerals; 
(2) have nationally significant biodiversity, 
given that they are located in the transitional zone 
where the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts come to-
gether; 
(3) are home to a wide variety of topography 
and elevation, leading to distinct microclimates and 
ecosystems; 
(4) are largely intact, undeveloped, and adja-
cent to other federally protected areas such as Josh-
ua Tree National Park, Indian Pass Wilderness, and 
the Palen/McCoy Wilderness; 
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(5) are a refuge for over 150 plant species, 
many found nowhere else, including— 
(A) Munz’s cholla, California’s largest en-
demic cacti, located on the Chuckwalla Bench; 
(B) California fan palm, a plant managed 
and used extensively by Tribal people for thou-
sands of years found in oases at Corn Springs, 
Mecca Hills Wilderness, and elsewhere where 
tectonic movements allow groundwater to seep 
up; and 
(C) the triple-ribbed milk-vetch, listed as 
endangered under the Endangered Species Act, 
as well as other sensitive species including 
Emory’s crucifixion thorn and Mecca-aster; 
(6) host some of the most extensive microphyll 
woodlands (small-leaf trees like ironwood and palo 
verde) in California in places like Milpitas Wash, a 
habitat critical to the survival of Tribal people, as 
well as many species including the burro deer and 
migrating birds; 
(7) offer core habitat and essential migration 
pathways for wildlife, including over 50 sensitive 
animal species, including— 
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(A) critical habitat for the Agassiz’s desert 
tortoise, which is listed as threatened under the 
Endangered Species Act; 
(B) critical habitat for the desert bighorn 
sheep, an iconic species with declining numbers; 
(C) habitat in microphyll woodlands for 
large numbers of resident and migratory birds, 
which is crucial amid the otherwise major de-
clines in bird numbers recorded in North Amer-
ica over the last 50 years; and 
(D) former habitat for the endangered 
Sonoran pronghorn in the Chuckwalla Bench, 
the site of a multi-year reintroduction effort 
that is already underway; 
(8) offer important glimpses into key periods in 
regional history, such as— 
(A) the gold seekers who used an existing 
Indigenous route to establish what is now the 
Bradshaw Trail in the 1870s; and 
(B) the invaluable training of more than 
one million soldiers from across the United 
States when these lands were part of the Cali-
fornia-Arizona Maneuver Area from 1942– 
1944; 
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(9) provide outstanding outdoor recreation op-
portunities to local communities and visitors alike, 
including hiking, horseback riding, motorized vehicle 
use and mountain biking on designated routes of 
travel, 
wildlife 
viewing, 
hunting, 
climbing, 
rockhounding, picnicking, and camping; and 
(10) offer inexpensive access to public lands for 
disadvantaged communities, including the farming 
and farm laboring communities of the eastern 
Coachella Valley and Blythe regions. 
SEC. 7. DESIGNATION OF CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONU-
MENT. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Subject to valid existing 
rights, there is established the Chuckwalla National Monu-
ment in the State, consisting of approximately 661,000 
acres of Federal land administered by the Bureau of Land 
Management, as generally depicted on the Map. 
(b) PURPOSES.—The purpose of the Monument is 
to— 
(1) conserve, protect, and enhance for the ben-
efit and enjoyment of present and future generations 
the ecological, scenic, wildlife, recreational, cultural, 
historical, natural, educational, and scientific re-
sources of the Monument; and 
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(2) provide for collaborative management with 
culturally affiliated Tribes of Monument resources. 
(c) MANAGEMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall manage 
the Monument— 
(A) in a manner that conserves, protects, 
and enhances the resources of the Monument; 
(B) in accordance with— 
(i) the Federal Land Policy and Man-
agement Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et 
seq.); 
(ii) this section; and 
(iii) any other applicable law (includ-
ing regulations); 
(C) in collaboration with culturally affili-
ated Tribes; and 
(D) as a component of the National Land-
scape Conservation System. 
(2) USES.—The Secretary shall only allow uses 
of the Monument that the Secretary determines 
would further the purposes described in subsection 
(b). 
(3) NATIVE AMERICAN ACCESS AND USE.— 
(A) ACCESS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
access to the Monument by members of an In-
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dian tribe for traditional cultural purposes and 
activities. 
(B) USE.—In implementing this para-
graph, the Secretary, upon the request of an 
Indian tribe, may temporarily close to the gen-
eral public use of one or more specific portions 
of the Monument in order to protect the privacy 
of traditional cultural activities in such areas by 
members of the Indian tribe. The access and 
use provided under this paragraph shall be con-
sistent with the purpose and intent of Public 
Law 95–341 (42 U.S.C. 1996), commonly re-
ferred to as the American Indian Religious 
Freedom Act. 
(4) RECREATION.—The Secretary shall con-
tinue to authorize, maintain, and enhance recreation 
in the Monument, including, but not limited to, 
camping, hiking, backpacking, sightseeing, nature 
study, horseback riding, hunting, hang gliding, 
climbing, mountain biking and motorized recreation 
on authorized routes, and the noncommercial col-
lecting 
of 
rocks, 
minerals, 
and 
semi-precious 
gemstones, so long as such recreational use is con-
sistent with the purposes specified in section 4(b), 
this section, other applicable law (including regula-
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tions), applicable management plans, and input from 
the Commission regarding potential impacts to cul-
turally sensitive sites and resources. 
(5) MOTORIZED VEHICLES.— 
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Except in cases in 
which motorized vehicles are needed for admin-
istrative purposes, or to respond to an emer-
gency, the use of motorized vehicles in the 
Monument shall be permitted only on routes 
designated by the management plan for the use 
of motorized vehicles. 
(B) INTERIM MANAGEMENT.— 
(i) Except as provided in clauses (ii) 
and (iii), until the completion of the man-
agement plan, the use of motorized vehicles 
in the Monument shall be permitted only 
on the routes displayed on the map entitled 
‘‘Chuckwalla National Monument Estab-
lishment and Joshua Tree National Park 
Expansion’’. 
(ii) Nothing in clause (i) prevents the 
Secretary from closing roads, trails, or 
areas to motorized vehicles to protect nat-
ural or cultural resources, or for public 
safety. 
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(6) GRAZING.—The Secretary shall not estab-
lish any new allotments for livestock grazing that in-
clude any Monument land (whether leased or not 
leased for grazing on the date of enactment of this 
Act). 
(7) EXISTING
EASEMENTS
AND
RIGHTS-OF- 
WAY.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed to pre-
clude the renewal or assignment of, or interfere with 
the operation, maintenance, replacement, modifica-
tion, upgrade, or access to, existing flood control, 
utility, pipeline, and telecommunications facilities; 
roads or highway corridors; seismic monitoring fa-
cilities; or other water infrastructure, including wild-
life water developments or water district facilities, 
within or adjacent to an existing authorization 
boundary. Existing flood control, utility, pipeline, 
telecommunications, and seismic monitoring facili-
ties, and other water infrastructure, including wild-
life water developments or water district facilities, 
may be expanded, and new facilities of such kind 
may be constructed, to the extent consistent with the 
proper care and management of the objects identi-
fied above and subject to the Secretary’s authorities 
and other applicable law. 
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(8) 
ACQUISITION
OF
VALID
EXISTING 
RIGHTS.—The Secretary is authorized to acquire 
through exchange, donation, or purchase from a will-
ing seller, mining claims or other valid existing 
rights within the monument that the Secretary de-
termines, after consultation with the Commission or 
a culturally affiliated Tribe, threatens cultural re-
sources within the monument. 
(9) WITHDRAWAL.—Subject to valid existing 
rights, all Federal land located in the Monument is 
withdrawn from— 
(A) all forms of entry, appropriation, and 
disposal under the public land laws; 
(B) location, entry, and patenting under 
the mining laws; and 
(C) operation of the mineral leasing, min-
eral materials, and geothermal leasing laws. 
(10) ADJACENT MANAGEMENT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—The designation of this 
Monument shall not create any protective pe-
rimeter or buffer zone. 
(B) ACTIVITIES
OUTSIDE
THE
MONU-
MENT.—The fact that an activity or use on 
land outside the Monument can be seen or 
heard within the Monument shall not of itself 
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preclude the activity or use outside the bound-
ary of the Monument. 
(11) MILITARY
ACTIVITIES.—Nothing in this 
Act precludes— 
(A) low-level overflights of military aircraft 
over the Monument; 
(B) the designation of new units of special 
airspace over the Monument; 
(C) the use or establishment of military 
flight training routes over the Monument; or 
(D) the use of Federal lands within the 
Monument for off-road or off-trail training pur-
suant to agreements between the Secretary and 
the Department of Defense. 
(12) TREATY RIGHTS.—Nothing in this Act al-
ters, modifies, enlarges, diminishes, or abrogates the 
treaty rights of any Indian tribe, including off-res-
ervation reserved rights. 
(13) JURISDICTION
OVER
FISH
AND
WILD-
LIFE.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this section 
diminishes the jurisdiction of the State with re-
spect to fish and wildlife management, includ-
ing the regulation of fishing and hunting within 
the Monument. 
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(B) LIMITATIONS.— 
(i) 
REGULATIONS.—The 
Secretary 
may designate by regulation areas in 
which, and establish periods during which, 
for reasons of public safety, administra-
tion, or compliance with applicable laws, no 
hunting, fishing, or trapping will be per-
mitted in the monument. 
(ii) CONSULTATION.—Except in emer-
gencies, the Secretary shall consult with 
the appropriate State agency before pro-
mulgating regulations under subparagraph 
(A) that close a portion of the monument 
to hunting, fishing, or trapping. 
(14) 
WILDLIFE
WATER
DEVELOPMENT 
PROJECTS.—In accordance with applicable law (in-
cluding regulations), the Secretary may authorize 
structures and facilities, including maintenance of 
existing structures and facilities, for wildlife water 
development projects, including guzzlers, in the 
Monument designated by this Act if— 
(A) the structures and facilities are nec-
essary to fulfill the purposes of the monument 
described in subsection (b); 
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(B) the structures and facilities will, as de-
termined by the Secretary, promote healthy, 
viable, and more naturally distributed wildlife 
populations; and 
(C) the visual impacts of the structures 
and facilities on the Monument can reasonably 
be minimized. 
(15) MAP; LEGAL DESCRIPTION.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—As soon as practicable 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to the Natural Resources 
Committee of the House of Representatives and 
the Energy and Natural Resources Committee 
of the Senate a map and legal description of the 
Monument. 
(B) CORRECTIONS.—The map and legal 
description submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
have the same force and effect as if included in 
this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 
any clerical or typographical errors in the legal 
description and the map. 
(C) CONFLICT BETWEEN MAP AND LEGAL 
DESCRIPTION.—In the case of a conflict be-
tween the map and the legal description, the 
map shall control. 
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(D) AVAILABILITY OF MAP AND LEGAL DE-
SCRIPTION.—Copies of the map and legal de-
scription shall be on file and available for public 
inspection in the appropriate offices of the Bu-
reau of Land Management. 
(16) NEW
RIGHTS-OF-WAY.—Nothing in this 
Act prevents the Secretary from approving new 
rights-of-way within the monument that the Sec-
retary determines, in consultation with applicable 
State and local agencies and Tribes, are consistent 
with— 
(A) this Act; 
(B) applicable laws (including regulations); 
(C) the Desert Renewable Energy Con-
servation Plan; 
(D) the purposes of the Monument de-
scribed in section 4(b); and 
(E) the management plan. 
(17) MANAGEMENT PLAN.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec-
retary shall develop a comprehensive plan for 
the long-term management of the Monument. 
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(B) TRIBAL
CONSULTATION.—The Sec-
retary shall consult with culturally affiliated In-
dian Tribes in— 
(i) the development of the manage-
ment plan; and 
(ii) making management decisions re-
lating to the National Monument. 
(C) OTHER
CONSULTATION.—In devel-
oping the management plan, the Secretary shall 
also consult with— 
(i) appropriate State and local govern-
mental entities; 
(ii) the advisory council; and 
(iii) members of the public. 
(D) REQUIREMENTS.—The management 
plan shall— 
(i) assess opportunities to improve 
recreational opportunities within, and ac-
cess to, the Monument in a manner that 
conserves, protects, and enhances Monu-
ment resources and furthers the purposes 
described in subsection (b); 
(ii) incorporate traditional ecological 
knowledge; and 
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(iii) identify opportunities to interpret 
Monument resources for members of the 
public. 
(E) INCORPORATION OF PLANS.—In devel-
oping the management plan, to the extent con-
sistent with this section, the Secretary may in-
corporate any provision of an applicable land 
and resource management plan. 
(F) EFFECT.—If there is a conflict be-
tween this section and the Desert Renewable 
Energy Conservation Plan, the more restrictive 
provision shall control. 
(18) WILDFIRE.—In accordance with this Act 
and applicable law (including regulations), the Sec-
retary may take any measures within the monument 
that the Secretary determines to be necessary to 
control fire, insects, and diseases, including, as the 
Secretary determines appropriate, the coordination 
of those activities with a State or local agency. 
(19) INCORPORATION OF ACQUIRED LAND AND 
INTERESTS.—Any land or interest in land within the 
boundary of the Monument that is acquired by the 
United States shall— 
(A) become part of the Monument; 
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(B) be withdrawn in accordance with para-
graph (13); and 
(C) be managed in accordance with— 
(i) the Federal Land Policy and Man-
agement Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et 
seq.); 
(ii) this section; and 
(iii) any other applicable law (includ-
ing regulations). 
Æ 
VerDate Sep 11 2014 
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SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with BILLS