Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-ROG SEQ IEESERD 01300100001-7 Interim Report ; October 1979 SPECIAL ORIENTATION TECHNIQUES (U) By: RUSSELL TARG HAROLD E. PUTHOFF EDWIN C. MAY 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, California 94025 U.S.A. (415) 326-6200 Cable: SRI INTL MNP TWX: 910-373-1246 NOT RELEASABLE TO ed For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDEBE GOREN 001300 TOUOO-AY NATIONALS International WA RD DPO a es
Interim Report d For Release 2000/08/07 : ClA-RPB REFS RO01300100001-7 (This Page is UNCLASSIFIED) October 1979 Covering the period from 1 May to 30 September 1979 SPECIAL ORIENTATION TECHNIQUES (U) By: RUSSELL TARG HAROLD E. PUTHOFF SRI Project 8465 Approved by: ROBERT S. LEONARD, Director Radio Physics Laboratory CLASSIFIED BY: MSG, HOQDA (DAMI-ISH) dated 7 July 1978 REVIEW ON: 31 October 1999 a a a WN A i AS a SS Cr EDWIN C. MAY Copy No. seat tenes This document consists of 59 pages. SRI 9-4431 NOT RELEASABLE TO SRI (This Page is UNCLASSIFIED) FOREIGN NATIONALS International 333 Ravenswood Avenue ' Menlo Park, California 94025 > U.S.A. 6ved For Rél6ase-SAN0/0R107 tA ROPS6-du7s eo t36t 00001-7
Approved For Release 2000 PG eERDP96-00788R001300100001-7 CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. . 2. 2. 6 6 8 6 © © 6 @ ew ww LIST OF TABLES . . 1 6 1 2 4 6 © © # © oe we eo ww I INTRODUCTION. . . 2. 1 © «© «© © © © © © © © © II BACKGROUND, . 1. 1 6 5 © © © © © # © © ew we A. B, Cc, Remote Viewing Protocols (for the Description of Remote Geographical Targets) . . . . « «© + Judging the Results, . . 4. 6 6 « © »© © »© «@ Transcript Concept Analysis. . 2. . 6 « « «+ III ORIENTATION RESULTS . . 1. 1. 6 0 1 1 oe © © © @ A. B, Remote Viewing of Geographical Targets Summary of the Six Series. .....s.e. 1. Viewer No, 155, . . 2. 2 «6 «© © «© © @ 2. Viewer No. 292, . 1. 2. 5 » «© e@ © we ow 3. Viewer No, 372. . 1. . « © « oe 4, Viewer No, 468. . . 1. 1. 1 0 2» ©» ww 5. Viewer No, 518. . 1... 6 © «© « wo 6, Viewer No. 690. . 2. 1. 2 6 © ee we Comparison of Blind Judging and Subjective Assessment . . 6. 6 « © © © «© © © © we we wo Remote Viewing of 35mm Slides. .... 1. Viewer No, 372, . «4 6 © «© © © «© we 2. Viewer No, 518. . 2. 1. 1 6 © © © © @ Remote Viewing of Alphabet Letters ... Extended Remote Viewing (CERV). ..... . Background, . . . +6 « » » e e #= «© « e . Pilot Effort. . . 2. 1. 2. © «© «© «e © @ 5 Formal Series (Six Trials)... . BwoOnNM Discussion. . « « « « © « » «© © © « ii SFEREE- iv 11 14 16 19 21 23 27 28 29 33 37 37 38 38 47 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 200A RA deplebieh DP96-00788R001300100001-7 G, Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) with Immediate Feedback , . . « «© © © 6 © © © © © © © 8 © 8 ee ee 48 IV CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . .. . 6 © © © « © © © «© «© «@ 52 iii SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 “SFCRE— ILLUSTRATIONS 1 Stanford Shopping Cconter--Target, and Viewer 372 Drawing . . 6 6 6 8 ew ee te te eee ee te 30 2 Mount Alverno Conference Center, and Viewer 372 Drawing 31 3 Ultra Modern Dome House--Target, and Viewer 372 Drawing 32 4 Varsity Theatre Arcade--Target, and Viewer 518 Drawing. 34 5 Victorian House--Target, and Viewer 518 Drawing... . 35 6 Glass Slipper Motel--Target, and Viewcr 518 Drawing. . 36 7 Copper Pitcher and Viewer 518 ERV Response, . 40 8 Food Mill Target and Viewer 518 ERV Response. ... . - 41 9 Tripod Target and Viewer 518 ERV Response . .. +--+ + 43 10 Straw Hat Target and Viewer 518 ERV Response. .... - 44 11 Antenna and Viewer 518 ERV Response . ... +. + «© « «© » 45 12 Globe Target and Viewer 518 ERV Response, . . « + » « « 46 iv Approved For Release 2000/08 Be RbP96-00788R001300100001.7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 —EeRi- TABLES 1 Results of Transcript Concept Analysis of a Remote Viewing Experiment. . . «6 6 © © © © © © © © © © © oe eee ee 7 2 0-7 Point Evaluation Scale for Target/Transcript Correspondence. . . 6 « + «© © © © © © 8 6 oe we ee ew et 24 3 Distribution of Target/Response Matchings . . . 2. 2. ee eee ol Vv Approved For Release 2000/08 % tim RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/8307 BEA RDPI6-00788R001300100001-7 I INTRODUCTION This report presents preliminary results and assessments from the first six months of a one-year investigation of techniques for the optimization of remote viewing among client-selected individuals. The objective of this program is the familiarization of these individuals with the SRI remote viewing protocols, with the goal of producing enhanced levels of ability, and the establishment of screening tests and procedures to enlarge the population from which such individuals are selected. In Section II of this report we present briefly the background of the remote viewing protocol that is the basis of this attempted technology transfer. In Section III we describe the remote viewing series carried out with each of six client-supplied volunteers, Each of these series consisted of six trials, which are now in various stages of the process of formal evaluation, Two participants from the first series have returned to SRI for an additional two weeks training each, in a variety of remote viewing tasks, and the results of this work is also discussed. In Section IV are presented our overall assessments and recommendations, 1 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000 RSE EA ROP 9S-00788R001300100001-7 II BACKGROUND With the overall objective of improving the reliability of psycho- energetic functioning, we have investigated several different familiarization/ training strategies, both with the goal of developing techniques useful in identifying gifted remote viewers, and of providing the most optimal environment for individuals participating in. remote viewing. A. Remote Viewing Protocols (for the Description of Remote Geographical Targets) As carried out at SRI, the general procedure is to closet the per- cipient, hereafter called the viewer, with an interviewer, and at a prearranged time to obtain from the viewer a description of an undisclosed, remote site being visited by a target team, one of whose members is known to the remote viewer and who thereby constitutes the target or "beacon’ person, The target team is assigned their target location by an inde- pendent experimenter who has generated a list of targets located within a 30-minute driving time from SRI, and who accesses this list by a randomi- zation procedure. The target pool consists of sixty target locations chosen from a target-rich environment, The target location selected is kept blind to both the viewer and interviewer closeted at SRI. The protocol is thus of the double-blind type. In detail: To begin a trial, a viewer is sequestered with an inter- viewer at SRI, and is instructed to wait 30 minutes before beginning his 1 H, E. Puthoff and R. Targ, "A Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer over Kilometer Distances," Proc, IEEE, vol. 64 (March 1976). 2 —“SECRE- Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000 apap BPP 96-00788R001300100001-7 narrative description of where the target. team has gone. Meanwhile, the target team obtains sealed traveling orders from a monitor who has previously prepared and randomized a set of such orders. After leaving SRI by auto- mobile, the target team opens the traveling orders and proceeds directly to the target without any communication with the viewer or interviewer remaining at SRI, The interviewer remaining with the viewer in the SRI laboratory is kept ignorant of the target, so as to eliminate the possi- bility of cucing (overt or subliminal) and to allow him freedom in question- ing the viewer for clarification of his descriptions. The target team remains at the target site for a prearranged 15-minute period following the 30 minutes alloted for travel. During the observation period, the viewer at SRI is asked to describe his impressions of the target site into a tape recorder and to make any drawings he thinks appropriate. A tenta- tive evaluation is made of his output when the target team returns to SRI, Finally, following the trial, the viewer is taken to the site so that he may obtain direct feedback. B. Judging the Results To obtain an initial numerical evaluation of the accuracy of a serics of, say, N remote viewing experiments, the results are subjected to inde- pendent judging on a blind basis by SRI research analysts not otherwise associated with the program. In preparation for the judging, the viewer's tapes are transcribed, and the transcripts are edited only to the extent of deleting information which might act as artifactual cues to a judge, such as references to other targets, or phrases which might indicate the temporal order of transcripts. The response packets, which in our case contain six typed transcripts of the tape-recorded narratives and associated drawings, are then presented to the analyst in random order. Working alone, the analyst visits each of the six target locations and in a blind fashion ranks cach of the 3 SECREE Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000S OE RRTROPI6-00788R001300100001-7 viewer's descriptions on a scale 1 to 6 (best to worst match), generating a 6 X 6 matrix. A precise measure of the statistical significance of the matrix of target/transcript rankings is given by a direct-count-of- permutations method of great generality.” It is an exact calculation method requiring no approximations such as normality assumptions, Further- more, the judging process that goes into generating the matrix is not required to be independent transcript-to-transcript nor target-to-target. Finally, numerical estimates of target/transcript correspondences can be made on the basis of rank-order or rating scales (e.g., rank ordering 1 ton, best to worst match; or concept analysis, rating 0-100, zero to complete correspondence; arbitrary scale rating arrived at by some complex procedure involving many factors such as occurs in multiple- judge voting, etc.). The argument is as follows, In the absence of knowledge as to which transcript was generated in response to which target, one observes that in setting up the target- transcript matrix there are n! possible ways to label the columns (tran- scripts), given any particular order of the rows (targets), and vice versa, Thus, there are n!} possible matrices which could be constructed from the raw judging data, all of them equally likely under the null hypothesis that the viewer's remote viewing attempts produce nothing but vague and general descriptions and/or occasional chance correspondences with various target sites, Each matrix has its associated sum on the matrix diagonal corresponding to a possible alignment of targets. The significance level for the experiment is then determined by counting the number of possible matrices that would yield a result (diagonal sum) equal to or better (i.e., lower sum of ranks in the rank-order case, 2 tt C, Scott, "On the Evaluation of Verbal Material in Parapsychology, Jour, Soc, Psych. Res., vol, 46 (June 1972). 4 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 20 QUE ie Geaehatinis DP96 -00788R001300100001-7 higher sum of scores in the correspondence-rating case, etc.) than that obtained for the matrix corresponding to the key, and dividing by n: This ratio gives the probability of obtaining by chance a result equal to or better than that obtained in the actual judging process. As an overall calibration of the remote viewing proccss, against which specific cxamples can be gauged, we can take as a background data base the lengthy collection of 51 remote viewing trials collected over a several-year period with nine subjects, and published in Reference l, In these trials subjects were targeted on local targets (bridges, swimming pools, theaters, airports, computers, machine shops, etc.) within a 20 km range of SRI, The quality of the results was such that the judges, who had to determine in a blind fashion which subject-generated data packages (tape transcripts and drawings) were associated with which target sites, were able to blind match transcripts to targets in first place in roughly half the cases, om Transcript Concept Analysis In order to assess quantitatively the degree of correspondence between a given transcript and target, we have recently developed a concept analysis procedure which provides for detailed comparisons. In this new procedure, we begin by analyzing each transcript for its specific content. To ac- complish this, the transcript is divided into a list of specific concepts, where a concept may consist of a single word or phrase from the transcript (e.g., ‘red"), or a single word or phrase that summarizes a lengthy idea (e.g., ‘shady"). A list of concepts is made for each transcript in a series to be judged. The analysis proceeds by having a judge, who is blind to which transcripts actually match which targets, stand at the first target location on his target list, and for each transcript make an assessment, concept by concept, on a rating scale of 0 to 10, A rating 5 SECREF Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 of O implics no correspondence whatever between that particular concept and the target site in question, and a 10 implics complete correspondence, Intermediate scores are given in proportion to the extent of the corres- pondence, Having done this for each of the concepts, one by one, in the first transcript, the judge repeats the assessment as independently as possible for all the concepts in all.of the remaining transcripts, He then proceeds to the next target site on the list and repeats the concept assessment for all of the transcripts as applied to that site. Having finished all the travel sites in this manner, the judge computes the average rating score for all concepts in each transcript matched against each target. When there are six trials in the serics, there are 36 such averages, In a second step of the judging procedure, the judge displays his results in a matrix with targets displayed as rows and transcripts displayed as columns, An example from an actual experiment (Viewer 690) is shown in Table l. At this point in the analysis, the judge submits his results, The statistical approach used to analyze the matrix is then the direct-count- of-permutations method described earlier, For the results shown in Table 1 the probability of obtaining equal or better matching by chance is only p = 1/6!) = 0.0018, 6 SECRE-- Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 546251. III ORIENTATION RESULTS In this section we describe six remote viewing series carricd out with each of the client-supplied volunteers, All series have been assessed as to the degree of remote viewing exhibited, and in addition, four of these series have been formally evaluated by blind judging; the other two are presently in the process of being blind judged. In addition to these trials, we are now carrying out a more varied series of training exercises in which each remote viewer spends two weeks at SRI. Thus far, two of the original group of six have taken part in this additional training and their results are discussed here also, A. Remote Viewing of Geographical Targets During the months of May, June, and July, six one-week remote viewing series were conducted, one week cach with the six client participants, These series were carried out at the rate of two series per month. The purpose of these initial training activities was to obtain baseline data on each of the participants taking part in a uniform series of trials, and to provide a basis for later evaluation and comparison of their per- formance in more diverse tasks. The six remote viewing sessions for each participant were conducted at a rate of one per day, except for Thursdays, when there were two sessions, The investigators divided the interviewing and outbound tasks, with RT remaining with the viewer for the first four trials, and HP acting as interviewer for the last two, 8 Approved For Release 200QMGGeWeiBeADP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 B, Summary of the Six Serics The following summarizes our impressions of the thirty-six remote viewing trials carried out in our laboratory, May through July 1979, by the six client participants. As indicated earlier, a formal blind judging has been carried out for four of the series, and will shortly be completed for the two remaining series. In order to present a coherent assessment of the sessions in this summary, we rate each session individually, with regard to our subjective impression as to its correspondences and similarities to the intended target site. This is not intended as the equivalent of "blind judging" since it is post hoc, but it does provide a relative measure from our standpoint as to the success of the various participants. We rate each transcript on a 0 to 7 scale, with a 0 for no correspondence, and a 7 for a transcript that could not reasonably pertain to any site other than the actual target (for example, naming the target correctly.) Identifying boats at a boat dock, would get a 5 or 6 depending on the presence or absence of other noncorroborated items in the RV transcript. Again, the 0 to 7 rating is not a blind measure of the presence of remote viewing functioning, but rather a procedure for comparing the relative performance of the participants. Nonetheless, as we see later, the correlation or agreement between this subjective rating system and the results of formal blind judging is high. 1, Viewer No, 155 Target 1: White Plaza at Stanford University. This trial was the first in the overall group of thirty-six, and also was in our opinion (and that of the blind judge) one of the very best in the series of six with this remote viewer, The viewer correctly identified the main feature of the site as being a plaza with a fountain, He also had a tall column 9 ~5CRi— Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000 Rear egRDP96-00788R001300100001-7 dominating the scene, which is a good match for Hoover Tower, just behind the fountain, Additionally described were a series of arches, which are a recurring feature in the buildings surrounding the courtyard, Rating = 5. Target 2: Stanford Art Museum. The viewer did not describe this large Greek-columned building at ali. He did, however, mention and draw the double colonnade of trees leading up to the building, together with other nearby features, such as arches and red-tiled roofs, and indicated that he felt that it was again a "Stanford type” of target. Rating = 3. Target 3: Logo. This target is a 6 {ft x 12 ft orange metal sculpture on the grass lawn of a chemical company. It is a symbolic chain molecule, consisting of four large diamond shapes connected together, The viewer did not describe anything that pertained to the target. His main features were of a gazebo structure. Rating = 0. Target 4: Fire Circle. Among other things, the viewer correctly described a circular depressed area, with decending steps, a squared-off far end, and something in the center. This is an excellent description of the target and was accompanied by a corresponding drawing. However, the viewer also described and drew two other fairly coherent scenes which did not pertain to the target. Consequently the judge who eventually did evaluate this series in the blind, ranked this transcript in fifth place, out of six, because of its correspondences to other targets, Simply rating the transcript and drawings to the actual target, our subjective assessment was a rating = 3, Target 5: Pedestrian Overpass. The viewer's initial description was of a "lacey arch," which is a very apt summary of this wire and pipe structure. He went on to describe his “confined feeling." His description 10 SER Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SECRET” then wandered off into a "narrow alley" and what sounded like a village scene with stucco buildings. His fourth drawing was a good representation of the arched entrance to the overpass. Again there were so many cxtrancous elements to the viewer's output that our judge ranked this transcript fourth out of six. Rating it only with regard to the individual target, we assigned it a rating = 3. Target 6: Valombrosa Meeting Center, The main features of his description was a fan shaped structure, closely matching the roof design of the principle element of the target. He pictured it as an “arched cave with bars,’ which led to the blind judge incorrectly matching it to the pedestrian overpass. Rating = 2, This remote viewing series was the first to be conducted with client volunteers. It was judged in accordance with the detailed concept analysis described earlier. The final tally revealed only one correct first place assignment, and all others less than third. The serics was therefore numerically nonsignificant, according to our evaluation criteria, In this case the judging results agreed fairly well with our subjective assessment, because of the viewer's frequent inclusion of erroneous elements along with strongly correct ones in a given transcript/drawing package, a combination which made blind judging difficult. In our subjective assess~ ment we tended to give a little more credit for correct clements, and exact a smaller panalty for the errors. In engineering terms this would be a good example of a signal-to-noise problem, There were occasional good examples of signal, but it was generally overwhelmed by the noise, Our sum of ratings was 16, the next to the lowest of the six, 2, Viewer No, 292 Target 1: SRI Courtyard, The central feature of this larec, enclosed courtyard is a fountain in a square concrete base, The viewer 11 Approved For Release 2000/08 Oe ST ROP96-00788R001300100001.7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 $46R-5-+ described a number of different architectual forms including domes and columns, which are not particularly in evidence at the target site, He also described a small waterfall, however, which is in fact at the sitc, in a form well illustrated by one of his drawings. In addition, another drawing shows an ecight-lobed circular structure, which closely resembles the inner portion of the fountain, Because of the many nonapplicable elements of the description, however, we gave this transcript a rating = 3, Target 2: Varsity Theatre Arcade, The target is the entry to a motion picture theatre. From the street one sees a double colonnade running from the street to the theatre entry. To the left and right are stucco walls with movie posters behind glass, and down the center is a row of striped umbrellas, The viewer described a tunnel-like structure, receding away from him, masonry walls, with bright reflections; and he drew and described a kiosk structure with a striped coolie-hat top. The drawings were more coherent than the transcript. Our rating = 5, Target 3: Glass Slipper Motel. This target is a motel facade on El Camino Real. It is a representation of a fairy tale castle. The viewer didn't describe anything like the target, although he did give a detailed and coherent description of a place that he visualized. Our rating = 0. Of some interest, however, is the fact that after taking the viewer to the target site, and confirming that it did not particularly match his description, the interviewer suggested that they have lunch at a new restaurant that had just opened up, several miles away. One of the consistent items in the viewer's transcript was his reference to big shade trees, an arbor like effect, and horizontal yellow and orange bands of cloth, supported on wires to make a horizontal awning. The restaurant we visited had all these features. Neither the viewer nor the interviewer 12 Approved For Release so00/oafe ete a RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SECRET had ever scen this, or any similar place before, so one can speculate that the viewer may have expericnced overlay from this site. Target 4: Wallbangers Racquet Ball Court. The viewer had two main descriptive elements: These were a body of water with two or three fountains in it, and a balcony, looking down on a geometrical pattern of some sort, The target building is situated in relatively open country, immediately adjacent to a pond with three fountain spouts in it. The outbound team parked in front of this pond, They then entered the building and spent thcir entire time on the balcony that runs the length of the building, looking down at the racquet ball courts, The viewer provided a very coherent description of the outbound team's activities with regard to their stay on this balcony. However, he described the scane as though it were outdoors looking at the fountain, rather than being a separate place indoors. Rating = 4. Target 5: Airport Tower. At the Palo Alto Airport there are two towers. The target team was at a square stone tower, fifty yards from a taller, thinner metal braced tower, which is not presently used. The viewer made a careful sketch of a tall metal tower with diagonal bracing. He called it a mast, with a “planc' at the bottom, When the interviewer asked him about the plane, the viewer said it was a " jack plane" like carpenters use to finish woodwork, (This type of symbolism-~ there were airplanes at the base of the tower--is often seen in remote viewing transcripts.) The viewer also drew and described a globe and clouds emblem (FAA symbol) on the tower door, which was studicd by the target team at the site. Our rating = 6, the highest of the thirty-six trials in this introductory oricntation scrics. 13 Approved For Release 2000/0 CCMERDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/06 Ze Ag P96-00788R001300100001-7 Target 6: SRI Shielded Room, The viewer had a repeating view of an outdoor, turning disk, which condensed for him into a drawing greatly resembling a merry-go-round at a nearby park, a well known target described in our published work. Little of this description resembled the actual target. Our rating = 0, In spite of two zero scores, this viewer ties for third among the six participants. His sum of scores was 18, which may under-rate his ability (which is so highly variable) to do remote viewing; we found his descriptions of the small waterfall, the Varsity Theatre entrance, and the airport tower very compelling. 3. Viewer No. 372 Target 1: Stanford Art Museum, The viewer described a stone building with a higher central part, and two wings, one on either side, He then drew the building in a careful pen and ink sketch. His drawing strongly resembles the target, However, there are seven other, less carefully executed sketches on the same page, and on other pages there are sketches suggesting tombstones, which caused this transcript to be ranked first place match to a cemetery. The transcript itself had many elements which pertained to items in the museum entry, including column design. The judge gave this a second place rank out of six. Our rating assignment was = 4, Target 2: Baylands Nature Preserve, For reasons yet to be determined, this is the target which in our seven years work is most often described excellently, and in a somewhat characteristic manner. The main feature at this botanical garden at the San Francisco Bay is a wooden walkway from the shore to an observation platform a quarter of a mile away in the salt marsh, This walkway is crossed at right angles by a similar one that follows a row of high-voltage transmission towers, In recent 14 SECREL.. Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000 BPE Re ROP I6-00788R001300100001-7 memory, every viewer who has had this target described a "large cross on the ground," This viewer was no exception, He also had it as an outdoor site with no other buildings. Rating = 5. Target 3: Alta Mesa Memorial Park Cemetery, ' reported a recurrent feeling of "rought-cut stonc,' The remote viewer It feels like a church but it is not a church." He made a drawing of a small arched building which is at the site. "Very peaceful and relaxed,’ he said. A recurring theme was some kind of stone overhang, which was not at the site, and was the cause of the judge to interchange this otherwise coherent transcript with the Art Museum, Rating = 4. Target 4: Jungle Gym, The viewer described curved edges, made of wire-like bent coat hangers, He surface rippling and shining in the sun like a child's was next to the jungle gym target.) He made schematic the circular jungle gym, and the slide. He went on to a large box with also had a metal slide. (A slide drawings of both say that the target is more like a sculpture than a building, and indeed the playground elements are in the form of metal sculptures (horse, car, etc.). Rating = Target 5: Salt Pile. This target is a salt refinery on the San Francisco Bay. Its prominent feature is a gleaming white pile of salt about 100 ft high, and 200 ft long. The viewer did not see the salt pile. He described an outdoor site with birds and wind, which was correct. He also saw some machinery, The item that allowed the judge to correctly match the transcript to the target was his drawing of a large, orange, pillow-shaped structure, This was easily matched to a large rusted quonsct hut at the site, He also spoke extensively of a sharp pointed object that the outbound person was especially interested in. (In fact, RT had picked up a very large salt crystal, and brought it back to SRI.) Although we 15 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/ ; -RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 considered the transcript somewhat nonspecific, the judge was able to match it correctly. Rating = 3, Target 6: Brickyard. There are initial descriptions of square objects, and the first drawing looks like a drawing of a brick, The transcript also had discussions of being inside a building, and of vicws of towers, which are incorrect. He later sees things lined up that look like books on a shelf. Again and again he has "very precise geometric patterns," as "the most important aspect of the place," The drawing package has six pages of curved objects and forms that do not apply, however. Rating = 3. The sum of ratings for this viewer is 24, the highest in the group. The blind judging with transcript analysis resulted in correct match to the appropriate targets for four of the six transcripts, and an interchange of the remaining two, This gives four first places and two second places in the final judging matrix. Using the exact count-of- permutations analysis described above, the probability of obtaining by chance a result equal to or better than the one obtained is p = 2/6! = 0.0027. That is, the odds of obtaining a result of this significance by chance is approximately 1 in 300, The viewer's significant performance was repeated in his second training period at SRI, when he took part in carefully controlled trials which again produced highly significant results. 4, Viewer No, 468 Target 1: Merry-Go-Round, The target was a child's merry-go- round in a playground sand pile. About 25 f£t away is a spiral slide, The viewer's main descriptions were of a large multistory building in a court- yard. Inside this building he has a "free-floating staircase that is kind 16 SEGRE Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 of suspended, It turns this way, and then there is a chute," a description that resembled somewhat the spiral slide. However, there was nothing in the drawings or transcript that pertained to the merry-go-round, so that a judge would not be able to identify the target from that data. We therefore assigned it a rating = 0, in spite of the suggestive correspon- dences to a nearby feature. Target 2: Windmill. This target is a white-vaned windmill on a country road and has been well described by two previous viewers in past years. This viewer described curving stairs (incorrect) and a circular building like a water tank (correct), Our assessment rating = 3. Target 3: Stanford Art Museum, The item of main interest at this site is a 5 ft cube sculpture standing on its corner in front of a columned portico of a Greek-style building. The viewer described a dark rectangular solid sticking out of the front of the building, and drew a careful sketch of pillars that support the front of the entry just behind the cube. His transcript also had bridges, office buildings and cyclone fencing, which do not appear at the site. Our rating = 3, based on the two good drawings of the projecting rectangular solid and the columns, Target 4: Methodist Church. For this target he described a building with a "sloping roof with windows set into it." He then drew a large sketch of a building with a pointed roof supported from the outside by sloping roof beams. These features accurately represent the main fea- tures of the large stone church that was the target. The viewer also correctly described that the target team went inside the building, and then looked out through windows toward the end of the trial. Our rating = 5. 17 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SER We should note that the viewer seemed quite tense to the inter- viewer during the first three trials. On Thursday, just before trial 4, his friend, who is our contract monitor, arrived at SRI to observe the protocol, and particularly the randomization procedure used in target selection. He also observed this trial by joining the outbound target team, at which time we noticed a dramatic change in the viewer's performance. Target 5: Four Seasons Arch, "I get the feeling of their walking through an opening in a low wall." That is just what a target team docs at this omega-shaped arch in front of a restaurant. The viewer had several arch shapes, together with a carefully drawn wall comprising 300 degrees of a circle, and correctly labeled as being white (although lying on the ground, which is incorrect). The transcript is all arches and walls for the first four pages, and then drifts into buildings and wooden structures which are not at the site. Our rating = 5. Target 6: Mount Alverno Conference Center. This target consists of an assembly building with glass doors, and an overhanging shallow- pitched roof which resembles in many details the drawing made by the viewer, He also correctly described the approach to the site over a little bridge with hand rails. He also said that the building is locked, so that the target team could not go inside (correct), Further he described a bridge "that goes nowhere ,'' in striking agreement with a stairway that rises up a hill, and appears to go nowhere, since all one sees at the top of the stairway is the sky. The viewer did not describe a tall stone tower surmounted by a gold cross next to the assembly building, which is con- sidered part of the target site. Our assessment = 5, because of the good drawing of the main building, and an accurate description of the place as peing "quite like a church but not exactly a church itself." 18 SEFERET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SECRET Sum of ratings = 21. We note that this viewer's ability to make Clear drawings of his mental images (he is a professional illustrator) is a great asset both to himself in describing his remote viewing experi- ences, and to those trying to evaluate his descriptions, 5D. Viewer No, 518 Target 1: Stanford Shopping Center. The target is the central courtyard of the Stanford Shopping Center, This is a great rotunda surrounded by high arches and is paved with tiles in a circular pattern, The pedestrian avenues leading away from this hub have fountains and large planters with flowers, The viewer drew and described a round fountain with a spray, located close to a rectangular box with something dark in it (foliage perhaps). This transcript did not contain a description of the central focus of the target, although many clements could be found in the nearby pedestrian avenues, Rating = 3, Target 2: Bowling Alley. The viewer described an outdoor scene with a large building with overhang (correct) with many curves and oaken doors (incorrect), Inside he had a complex structure like a throne. We found little resemblance to the target. Rating = 1. Target 3: Alta Mesa Cemetery. The viewer described and drew several small buildings. "A place to walk and stroll. A place of fun and recreation,” He had a recurring bicycle throughout the transcript which could not be matched. Our rating = 1, Target 4: Hoover Tower. The viewer had the fecling that he was "abnormally high.'"" He also saw the semicircular ends of a dark tunnel in which he was standing. The target team was on the observation deck of Hoover Tower. The deck is surmounted with a domed ceiling (that the viewer 19 Approved For Release 2000/4@i@=ieHiepear 96 -00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 6boRb+ deseribed) and each of the four sides is a large floor-to-ceiling arch, making the view outside much brighter than the space inside the observation deck. The viewer clearly had the idea of shade, coolness, arches, and height. Our rating = 4, Target 5: Swimming Pool Complex. The viewer described "a two- 1 dimensional rectangle that is not a structure," in a plaza surrounded by walls. His images finally resolved into a three-tiered fountain of lazy-susan construction, At the site the target tcam was standing between a large rectangular pool and a circular wading pool 100 ft across, The target team members discussed at the site the fact that if the viewer described the wading pool as three concentric circles in a plaza, that would probably indicate target acquisition, (The circular pool has three depth graduations, each marked by a dark circular band.) The viewer's final drawing is of three nested circles in the middle of a plaza, surrounded by a wall, with trellises and foliage on the sides (correct), However, this very apropos drawing was preceded by others less descriptive of or applicable to the target, Our rating = 4. Target 6: Miniature Golf Course. The target team concentrated their attention on a red A-frame schoolhouse on a miniature golf course. The viewer several times described teepee-shaped structures, but the main portion of his description pertained to the inside of a hall with much confusion, and a row of what looked like display cases. (Actually the hall contained rows of pinball machines,) Our rating = 2, The sum of ranks for this viewer was 15, which is the lowest of the six participants. However, since these trials this viewer has returned to SRI for an additional two weeks of work. During that time he appeared to perform quite well on the remote viewing of slides, hidden objects, and distant coordinates. These additional trials are discussed later. 20 Approved For Release aoooitee : Sf eb p26-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 200 0dRglfirainfelgdh2P96-00788R001300100001-7 6. Viewer No, 690 Target 1: Alta Mesa Cemetery, The viewer, on this first trial, had a very diffuse transcript; mainly outdoors, grass, reeds, and trecs, in a natural, not man-made environment, The viewer had low cliffs nearby. The drawings were relatively nonspecific, Because of the outdoor natural- istic description, the rating = 2. Target 2: Four Seasons Restaurant Arch, The target is a large white omega-shaped stone arch set into a wall in front of a restaurant, The subject described "a white dome supported by pillars,’ and also a fence, Throughout the brief two-page transcript there was only the "gazebo" like structure that you can see through, and the fence, Rating = 4. Target 3:  Sheilded Room, The target is a small rectangular screen-room, about 4 by 8 by 7 ft high. The principle feeling of this target is one of confinement, The viewer said, "he seems inside a square something, looking out through a square. It's dark inside, It is not terribly high, 6 ft maybe. The drawing shows a rectangular structure marked "6 ft wide," The screen-room is as close as we can get to sending an outbound team "nowhere." Our assessment of the viewer's description = 5, Target 4: Automobile Showroom. The target is a hexagonal glass building with a conical roof. The viewer's first impression was of "a glass bottle with a thin neck." "I keep getting the impression of glass, 1 lots of glass objects." "It is some kind of store.'' The subject felt "bad vibes" from the place; it seemed threatening, It turned out that HP, the outbound person, was sent to an automobile showroom and was pretending to be interested in a new car, attracting the salesmen in the showroom, He came back reporting that it was one of the most unpleasant outbound 21 Shere Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/0 Rte fal ps P96 -00788R001300100001-7 experiences he has had. The drawings were diffuse, but because of the essentially correct, though exaggerated emotional perceptions, it received a rating = 4, Target 5: Palo Alto Library. The outbound team stood between the shelves in the library stacks, The viewer did not describe anything about the library, and the rating = 0, There was an interesting facet in connection with this trial, however. The viewer described a cornfield with rows of corn ready for picking, etc, When we heard the tape for this trial we could think of no such place in the city of Palo Alto. But in accordance with our usual protocol, we took the viewer back to the target site, As we were parking the car in the same spot as we had initially, the viewer looked out the left window of the car and exclaimed, "that's my corn field."’ Immediately adjacent to the public library, there is a community garden, which this year is devoted entirely to corn. So, one may speculate that the viewcr accessed this adjacent area while attempting to describe where the beacon was located, Target 6: Methodist Church. All the images in this transcript pertain to a one story building with "an inverted V roof.'' The main feature of the target is just such a roof. The viewer also correctly identified the target as being a building in downtown Palo Alito, Since there were no identifying characteristics given, our rating = 4. The sum ratings for the six trials is 19, which is the third highest in the group. One of the main features that contribute to this viewer's relatively high rating is that these transcripts are relatively free of incorrect material; the viewer does not have a lot to say, but what is said is largely correct. We consider this to be a very desirable characteristic, 22 SECREF Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SECRET The formal judging for this series correlated well with our subjective assessments. The separate verbal and pictorial ratings each gave four first place matches out of six, and the combined averages gave five first place matches. All three matrices turn out to possess the highest assignable score out of all possible permutations in the direct- count-of permutations method, and the probability of obtaining such a result by chance is only p = 1/6! = 00,0013, Cc, Comparison of Blind Judging and Subjective Assessment We have described in some detail how a judge arrives at a numerical ranking of the trials ina formal evaluation of a series, by use of concept analysis of the transcripts. In order to arrive quickly at a trial-by-trial assessment, we occa~ sionally make use also of a simple post hoc rating technique of a type devised by the client. In this approach one rates as "nerfect" (e.g., 7 on a O-7 scale) a transcript in which the target is unequivocally identified. If there is no apparent relationship between the transcript and the intended target on the other hand, the transcript is rated 0, For intermediate results, an intermediate rating is assigned, as indicated in Table 2. In the four series that have been formally judged at SRI, two were found to differ significantly from chance expectation, and two were found to be at chance. Before this formal judging, all transcripts were numeri- cally rated using the 0-7 scale, in the presence of the contract monitor. We are now in a position to compare mathematically our subjective impres- sions of the transcripts (post hoc evaluation scale) with the formal ratings of the same transcripts by a blind judge. Since the judge rates transcripts on a 1 to 6 (best to worst) scale, and the subjective rating is on a 0 to 7 (worst to best) scale, to make 23 SEGRE Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 SEGRE Table 2 0-7 POINT EVALUATION SCALE FOR TARGET/TRANSCRIPT CORRESPONDENCE Excellent correspondence, including good analytical detail (e.g., naming the site by name). Good correspondence with good analytical information (e.g., naming the function), and with essentially no incorrect information. Good correspondence with unambiguous unique matchable elements and little incorrect information. Good correspondence with several matchable elements, but some incorrect information, Mixture of correct and incorrect elements, but enough of the former to indicate viewer has made contact with the site. Some correct elements, but not sufficient to suggest results beyond chance expectation, Little correspondence, No correspondence. * In blind judging transcripts rated 5 or above are typically first-place matched without difficulty. a comparison it is necessary to normalize the two scales. Since (with the exception of one entry) our highest subjective ratings were fives, we have done this by subtracting the subjective rating from six in every case, giving a range 1-6, best to worst match, which can be compared directly to the objective formal evaluation scale. (In the one case where a 6 was given in the 0-7 scale, we conservatively count it as a 5 so that it would fit this renormalizing scheme.) We have numerically calculated the correlation coefficient between these two sets of ratings for the twenty-four transcripts/target pairs so far evaluated by both procedures. For the 24 pairs, the correlation coefficient, 24 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
t Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 UNCLASSIFIED. \n x VTC mS a: LA destwa sabver on ws Sho. ‘ACA, M etell a =a 3S —e STRAW HAT TARGET AND VIEWER NO. 518 ERV RESPONSE (U) FIGURE 10 UNCLASSIFIED 44 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 UNCLASSIFIED ANTENNA AND VIEWER NO. 518 ERV RESPONSE (U) FIGURE 11 UNCLASSIFIED 45 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7 UNCLASSIFIED (U) GLOBE TARGET AND VIEWER NO. 518 ERV RESPONSE FIGURE 12 46 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300100001-7