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(U)
Role of Feedback
area after a remote viewing ejtperillm
'TettTw'
Wi‘h
‘n ‘0mation abo'“ ">« intended
feedback in determining remote viewing qua,Uy “
were “'vised >« test the role of
objective was to provide as good a result as noss bl
° f U’' Pr°ie<:1,
primarf
remote^
of ,he^^^
^
1987
tathisioscope
experiment.
In
itet mT ""t,."’!'
°' feedba,:k
is Provided by the FV
provided to the viewers.
Two of the four
•
“
°'
"suaI feedback was
Viewing ability („ . 40; , . 2J0
"7" Pr0dU“d “'Pendent evidence for remote
' - ~W .
Neither" of Le ‘Lmsho^ed “"j
= ** ' * 478 * ^
the wsua, feedback, including zero intensity (U .. n0
7"^
^ ***** °'
examined SB! time
(,
h
r°'e °* ,eedback ™s examined
for group Cl.
We
and feedback type
(e,. sL.
"*
amone the various— iim“-
example, the significant difference between aT-hLrcTl
r'Card
f“dback
is dmicul’-
For
from the fact that most of the S-minute
^
m which photographs were used as targets
Since the
“ ' 0ccurred ln experiments
used beacons and natural sites as targets
on
°nser delaV occurred in experiments that
attributable to target type rather than feedback
^^ ^
differences are
Powever. iHErge.
The 77,7717777^
°"e clcar result,
brger than for feedback of the incorrect natural she 7.T, 37 7* \ ^
Gtvtng false feedback appears to inhibit remote viewing.
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ll
«•«».
essentia,. 7
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intents is no,
experiment.
In forcedHdtoice experimelT”'™^ ""
'indineS
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«" - precognition^777177^^^ ** “ "* - -dback
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iile the quantitative
results are mixed, viewers indicate that feedback
is
psychologic^^mportant. We conclude, therefore, that feedback should be provided whenever
possible.
6.
(U)
Effect of Distance
^^§We examined
the
effect
of
distance on
the
quality
of remote
viewing.
Distances we* divided into four ranges: < 1 km. < 50 km. < 5000 km. and > 5000 km.
For the
group Cl, there was no effect of distance on the quality of remote viewing (X2 = 3.56. v = 2;
p < 0.167).
It
is possible to be
definitive about
this particular
result since
all confounding
variables tend to increase the chi-square rather than decrease
it.
7.
(U)
Effect of Size of Target
JBHMT
only one experiment has been conducted that directly addresses this issue.
Photographs were reduced to a spot size of approximately
1 mm in diameter.
One viewer from
group G1 produced significant results (n =
6. * = 2.10. p < 0.018. d = 0.857). We are able to
conclude
that targets
1 mm
in diameter do not
inhibit remote viewing quality.
No data are
available on targets of varying sizes.
8.
(U)
Physiological Correlates to Remote Viewing
(U)
In
the
field
in
general,
the
search
for
physiological
correlates has
not been
successful.
Early results indicated that an individual should be moderately relaxed and as free
from physiological stress as possible (e.g., headaches, bathroom demands). These results are not
surprising in that
it
is
likely that such a “physiological"
state would be optimal
for any human
activity.
SRI
has examined neurophysiological
correlates to remote viewing
in two
separate experiments.
Specifically, the central nervous system appears to respond to a remote
light flash, and thus provides a correlate to remote viewing.
For the two experiments, a total of
four viewers
(all from group Gl) produced independent significant changes in a-production in
correlation with remote
light stimuli. 9,10
m
SRI recommends
that
the
effort
to
isolate
particular parts of the
central
nervous system that respond to remote stimuli be continued.
The potential
for screening and
training are significant.
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9.
(U)
Psychological Correlates
to Remote Viewing
flfl(
Psychological
correlates
to
remote
viewing
have
provided
weak,
but
significant, evidence
for correlations with some forms of psychological variables.
In the’ early
work with the Personality Assessment System. SRI found that many of the group Cl viewers
clustered near each other in PAS space.
In later work, the PAS predicted viewer performance to
a
significant degree.
SRI’s work
with
self-report
personality
tests has not been
successful-
however. Honorton reports small, but significant correlations with the thinking/feeling dimension
m the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory »
In general,
psychological
correlates have been weak
and/or unreliable.
10.
(U)
Shielding and ELF
The
main
purpose
of
searching
for
shielding
against
psychoenergetic
functioning
,s
to
provide
for
a
secure
environment.
I. M.
Kogan
proposed
a
model
of
psychoenergetic information transfer based on extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic
radiation. 12
In that model, Kogan proposed that the brain
is,
in effect, a 10-Ha oscillator and
the body is a crude antenna.
Radiation at that frequency would exhibit many of the properties of
psychoenergetic functioning known at that time.
fT°° few dala
were
co,,ected under known
shielding conditions
to make
definitive statements with regard to shielding. Two trials were collected in a 30-dB shielding at
10 Hz.
These
trials showed significant evidence of remote viewing [n =
2,
z =
1.92,
p < 0 027, d =
1.358).
In another experiment, when the target material was contained
in a
SCIF.
significant evidence for remote viewing was observed
(n =
6,
z =
1 . 91
, p < 0.028
d
=
0.780).
The
trend,
however,
is
clear:
electromagnetic
shielding
does
not
inhibit
psychoenergetic acquisition of target material.
11.
(U) Audio Analysis
significant
correlation
a
single study involving 6
trials with a
single viewer from group Gl,
a
of
remote
viewing
quality
with
the
audio/linguistic
character
of
the
response was found
(n =
6.
r = 0.995, p <: 0.050.
rf = 0.800).
One purpose for determining
with.n-session correlations with remote viewing quality
is to provide for an independent and
'
a priori measure of quality.
(U)
SRI recommends that
this type of investigation be continued to determine the
degree to which the result can be generalized across viewers.
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12.
(U)
Search and Tracking
As was seen
in Section V.-B., above,
significant evidence
for search was
found overall
(rt =
3,790, z = 2.61, p < 0.0045, d = 0.042).
Most of these trials were collected
in experiments using computer techniques.
In a few experiments, however, the target material
was physical objects in a laboratory setting. The effect sizes from these experiments do not differ
significantly from the overall result.
Search has always been a challenge. On a few occasions, operational use of
search has proved extremely useful data, but on the average, both the laboratory experiments
and operational use have been disappointing.
SRI recommends continued
effort
in search to
determine those factors that can enhance a potentially very useful phenomenon.
13.
(U)
Precognitive Remote Viewing
The
first SRI precognition experiment provided significant evidence of the
phenomenon
(n =
4,
z
=
1.73, p <
0.042, d =
0.864). 13
From FY
1975
to FY
1987,
precognition was not studied in any systematic manner.
During FY
1987, one experiment was
conducted using natural
sites as targets and one of the group G1
viewers.
The result was not
significant
(
=
10,
z = -0.476, p < 0.683, d = -0.150).
A second experiment using novice
viewers was conducted in the same year.
This also did not reach a significant level
(
= 55,
z = 0.070, p < 0.472, d = 0.064).
Therefore,
the
results of SRI’s investigations are mixed.
However,
in a recent meta-analysis of the precognition forced-choice
literature conducted by
one of SRI’s subcontractors, 50 years of experimentation involving 50,000 subjects showed highly
significant evidence for the phenomenon
( « 10®, z = 24.23
, p < 4 x
10 -52
, d = 0.041).
This
result
is consistent with the forced-choice real-time studies conducted
at SRI
(
= 0.052).
^Taken as a whole, there appears to be compelling evidence for precognition.
When precognition
is used as the underlying assumption for a heuristic model of psychoenergetic
functioning, 15 years of random number generator data
fall on the predicted theoretical curve. 14
14.
(U)
Analytics (Forced-Choice)
(U)
Forced-choice remote
viewing
(defined
in
Section
IV. -A.)
has
traditionally-
provided weak but consistent evidence for a psychoenergetic phenomenon.
In the experiments
conducted during the Rhine era, over one million
trials were conducted with ESP cards
(i.e.,
a
one-in-five target system). 11
Strong significances were observed, but effect
sizes were of the
order of 0.02.
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