Approved Fo
V Thursday
May
21,
1992
2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R0006001 20002-7
DallySNAP
Soviet News
Abstracts
Publication
Published by
FOREIGN AEROSPACE
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Author:
Umnov,
If.
Title:
GENETIC-ENGINEERING PROJECT FOR
OBTAINING BACTERIOLOGICAL WEAPONS RECALLED
Primary Source:
Komsomols kaya
'pravda',
April
30,
1992,
No.
(20380),
p.
1,
cols.
2-8
Abstract:
The article reports
on results
of an
investigation of secret bacteriologi-
cal-warfare research
in
the former USSR.
The author relates that this
inves-
tigation was begun
in response
to letters
from Komsomolskaya pravda
readers concern-
ing
a bacteriological
test facility on Voz-
rozhdeniye
Island
in the Aral
Sea.*
It was
alleged
in particular that experiments
on
animals had been conducted here without
proper immunization of personnel,
in facil-
ities which were closed to the public.
Military authorities refused to answer re-
quests
for Information
In this connection
or to allow journalists to visit the test
facility.
Such information
as
Is available
indicates that the Aral
Sea facility has
now been practically deactivated.
It
is recalled that Institutes engaged
in bacteriological -weapons research ap-
peared
in the Ministry of Defense at
a com-
paratively early date.
During the
1970s,
a
special
system was created with
a view to
catching
up with the West
In genetic-engi-
neering research aimed
at obtaining altered
forms of bacteria and viruses.
This system
remained
in operation despite Soviet
rati-
fication,
In
1975,
of an
international
con-
vention banning bacteriological
weapons.
Projects which were essentially military
began under the auspices of the USSR Coun-
cil
of Ministers'
Main Administration
for
the Microbiology
Industry.
A bacteriology
center was opened
In the Moscow suburb of
Obolensk,
and
a virology center was created
in
Koltsovo,
near Novosibirsk.
A biologi-
cal-instrument building institute and
an
institute for designing machinery for bio-
chemistry were created
in Moscow,
and
an
institute for extra-pure preparations
ap-
peared
in
Leningrad.
Experimental
in-
dustrial
facilities were opened.
Whole
schools were respecialized
at the Moscow
Higher Technical
School
imeni
Bauman,
Mos-
cow State University,
Medical
Institute
No.
2 and other higher schools
in Moscow.
Spe-
cialists sought by genetic-engineering
methods
to obtain new microorganisms with
prescribed properties,
for specific cli-
ents.
This was not accomplished because
scientists
involved
in military projects
lacked sufficient
knowledge of the nature
of these properties.
On the other hand,
directions of research which were pursued
on the side could now become main direc-
tions
in
virology,
vaccination
and diagno-
sis,
it
is claimed.
A method of obtaining
Interferon was
learned
at the center
in
Koltsovo,
for example.
Specialists
reportedly have the task
of utilizing potential
in the field of mi-
crobiology which
has been developed
as
a
result of defense research.
The author
mentions
In conclusion that
a Committee
on
Conventional
Problems of Chemical
and
Bio-
logical
Weapons was created under the
Pres-
ident of Russia
in
February.
*See also
the Dally SNAP,
May
6,
1992,
p.
3,
col.
(SNAP 920521)
*
*
*
*
Title:
RUSSIAN LAN ON CONVERSION STIPU-
LATES UMTTATIONS ON TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Primary Source:
Ekonomika
i zhizn,
"May
1992,
No.
(8399),
p.
20,
cols.
1-5
Abstract:
The texts of
a
law of the
Rus-
sian Federation
"On Conversion of Defense
Industry
in the Russian
Federation"
and of
a resolution of the Russian
Federation Su-
preme Soviet
on procedure for putting this
law into effect are published.
The
law and
Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R0006001 20002-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R0006001 20002-7
resolution are dated March
20,
1992.
The ten articles of the law are divid-
ed Into four sections entitled respectively
"General
Provisions";
"Organization,
Plann-
ing and Financing of Conversion of Defense
Industry";
"Social
Protection.
Compensa-
tions and Benefits for Converted Enterpris-
es";
and
"Foreign Economic Activities of
Enterprises
in Conditions of Conversion."
An
introductory paragraph states that the
law defines
legal
principles
for the work
of defense enterprises,
organizations and
associations and of organizations associat-
ed with them
in conditions of reduction or
termination of defense orders and conver-
sion of their Industrial
capacities,
scien-
tific-technical
potential
and labor re-
sources
in this connection.
The
law regu-
lates mutual
relations between state admin-
istrative agencies
and defense enterprises
in the process of conversion and stipulates
a procedure for resolving
legal,
economic
and
social
questions which arise
in the
process of conversion,
with
the aim of uti-
lizing production capacities,
scientific-
technical
potential
and labor resources of
converted enterprises
as effectively
as
possible for civilian purposes.
Article
2 stipulates that production
for military needs
shall
be reduced or ter-
minated at defense enterprises
in accor-
dance with decisions of state governing
bodies or actual
reductions of expenditures
for these purposes from the budget.
The
main operating principle of enterprises
which are being converted
shall
be utiliza-
tion of high technologies of the defense
complex for production of output which
is
capable of competing on the foreign market.
Production capacities,
labor resources and
scientific-technical
potential
which are
freed
In the process of conversion
shall
be
enlisted
In carrying out high-priority
state targeted programs for the
social
and
economic development of the Russian Federa-
tion.
Enterprises which are being con-
verted
shall
be supplied on
a contractual
basis,
using funds allocated for defense
needs.
Mobilization capacities
shall
be
created,
preserved and developed
In accor-
dance with assignments approved by the fed-
eration's government.
Article
10 provides for protection of
the military-economic and scientific-tech-
nical
potential
of the Russian Federation.
In
line with this article,
converted enter-
prises must be governed strictly by limita-
tions which
are
set on the export,
transfer
or exchange of products
and technologies
that are intended
for civilian purposes but
can be used for development of weapons of
mass destruction.
These
limitations
shall
be
set by the federation's Supreme Soviet
and government.
Converted enterprises
are
required to follow certain
rules
in their
foreign economic activities.
These rules
call
for strategic types of raw materials,
other materials and equipment
to be export-
ed
in accordance with
licenses conforming
to
laws of the Russian
Federation;
and
for
technologies,
licenses,
know-how and
scien-
tific-technical
Information for organizing
production of civilian products and/or uti-
lizing them
In trade and scientific-techni-
cal
relations with foreign
firms
to
be
transferred
on
the condition
that the
fed-
eration's military-economic
Interests
are
protected.
Weapons;
military equipment;
special
systems,
complexes,
functional
units
and assemblies which
are components
of weapons
and military technology;
and
processes
for producing these
items
shall
be sold
to other states
in accordance with
procedure established by the federation's
government.
(SNAP 920521)
*
*
*
*
Author:
Velichkin,
S.
Title:
METEOROLOGICAL
INFORMA TION- GA THER-
ING SYSTEM "RUT
A
" FORHIGH ELEVATIONS
Primary Source:
Pravda
Vostoka, March
10,
1992,
No.
(22769),
p.
4,
cols.
2-5
Extract:
Testing of the new automated
sys-
tem for the collection and processing of
hydrometeorological
information
"Ruta"
has
begun
at the
"Dukant" avalanche station of
the Uzbek Hydrometeorology Service
(Uzgi-
dromet)
.
Authors of the unique development
are the Kiev
Institute of Automation,
the
Central
Aslan Scientific Research Hydrome-
teorology Institute and Uzgldromet
special-
ists.
"'Ruta'
Is
Intended
for telemetry of
hydrometeorological
parameters,"
said one
of its developers,
V.
A.
Korobkov,
chief
engineer of
"Dukant"
and
a laureate of the
USSR State Prize.
"Specifically,
one can
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: CIA-RDP96-00792R0006001 20002-7