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Site
736
JOHN PAUL
II
Pope
from
1978.
John
Paul
(Karal Wajtyla)
was
born
in Wadowice,
near
Krakow,
Poland,
May
18th,
1920
to
working
class
parents.
In
1938
he
enrolled
in
the
Jagiellonian
University
in
Krakow
to
study
poetry
and
drama,
lifelong
interests.
Between
1950
and
1966
he
published
poems
and
periodicals
under
a
pseudonym.
During
the
German
occupation
he
worked
in
stone
quarries
and
a
chemical
factory
and
joined
a
clandestine
Rhapsodic
theater.
In
the
fall
of
1942
while
continuing
to
work
he
registered
in
an
underground
seminary.
Ordained
to
priesthood
in
1946,
Wajtyla went
to
Rome
to
study
theology
at
the Angelican
University
(now
the
Pontifical University
of
St.
Thomas)
where
his
doctoral dissertation
was
on
the
question
of
faith
in
the
writings
of
the
mystic
St.
John
of
the
Cross.
Returning
to
Krakow
he
earned
a
second
doctorate
for
a
thesis
on
the
compatibility
of
the
German
phenomenolog ist
Max
Schelers'
ethical
system
with
traditional
Christian
ethics.
In
1954,
Wajtyla
joined
the
philosophy
faculty
of
the
Catholic
University
of Lublin.
Four
years
later
he
was
named Auxiliary
Bishop
of
Krakow
and
in
1964
became
its
Archbishop.
He
took
active
part
in
the
2nd
Vatican
Council
(1962-1965)
and
contributed
significantly
to
the
council's
pastoral
constitution
on
the
church
in
the
modern
world.
Pope
Paul
VI
created
him
Cardinal
in
1967.
After
the
"September"
pontificate
of
John
Paul
I,
Cardinal Wajtyla
was
chosen
as
his
successor
on
October
16th,
1978.
He
was
the
1st
non-italian
Pope
since Hadrian
(Adrian)
VI
of
Utrecht
(died
1523)
and
the
first
Polish
Pope.
He
chose
the
name
John
Paul
II
to
indicate
he would carry on
the programs
of
his
three
predecessors.
John
Paul however projected
a
cautious
attitude
toward
change
in
the
church,
especially
with
regard
to
the
role
of
priests.
He
insisted
they
not
be
"social
or
political
leaders
or
officials
of
a
temporal
power".
This policy
led
to
a
tense
relationship
with
the Jesuit Order.
He
has
become
the
most
widely
traveled
Pope.
NOTE:
Almost
fatal attempt
on
his
life May
13th,
1981.
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