, thanks-to lasers, it was i tion of processes taking - ~ place in the organisms-or_i1iv ving beings and man- at is why we have ~-—biology—and—medicine.—_*. : The wong at teantum. generators. (00G's) received-the-acronym- Laser... an The word "laser" is: made. un: of the.:-first lett ers of-the English . ‘aa words: light: amplification by. stimulated ‘emission .of. radiation. : ~ Depending upon the naturé: of the light ‘génératéd, Lasers can be divide: -_ = n—optieal_pumping_-on_the— an —Snystals+ glass, liquids, and plastic; and semiconductor lacene. on Gas lasers: Gas optical. uantum generators give the most - "monochromatic light: radiations ae rec ave the most -monochromatic light: radiation, -At present, progress in the constructic of gas lasers:has Bo ne very: far Gag. optical.quantum generators have ar . “been constructed that radiate ight on hundreds < of different wavelength Fa which te see emamine-the_principle-of construction-of-a_gas He-Ne laser tr O06 pe apergtated continuously. : the basic active-elomastas a eat S OQG is the: discharge. tube... Within -the. tube is a‘cathode and-an anode, ba the tube ‘itself if. filled with a mixture-of helium-and neon. The | , is Ege Ogee SUES"OL He AMOUNTS “tO_abOUE 1M HG; GHG the heroee et em es Eg. —t “the- nituence-of high pressure;—a~tuminesvent-discharge— fe vakes—place—in-the—tube,—The--gen erating—souree-ef—radiation—is Ne, A however the -s¢ imulation_of_ atoms ts achieved with th . atoms. - The stimulated: He- atoms; colliding :with ‘the Ne atoms give off ey energy to the: latter , whieh i = is indispensible for-them in turn to ittain an exetted-states yt ~—, * = 7 > His--way, an active méditm is trested in the ele nergy. -.-_levels..i The_ 4 Seeatt spontaneous—radiation-of-the—__ sParate Ne atoms brings. about a di 1. Tom a eee eSponding to the electron displacements ‘in the neon atoms yom 3 S to 2P level. In the He-Ne gas laser one of the electron isplacenents . So rg. iS Used. Further; an induetion-of consyent “othe xette “Ne~atoms—tekes—place;—-———_________ 1 : os Sinsured- by- the. tube-being- lone amitror resonator, The 4 frequentopath.the_light-- down - ~ the- discharge ‘tube brings - about: the formation of a - powerful ‘current. of induced, ‘trained; coherent radiation, character- Sthowhe 2 9aS"Lasers= Such multiple patho tere pee beam is achiéve ‘ane paste Of reflecting mirrors; The discharge eee te none by fe top ttiel-glass-platesat—each-end, fLxed_at—a—definite—angle—te . (tube. (i.e -the--B rewster_angle-—-Fds 9. Ne- radiati, Tough these-windows- without reflective loss. The mirrors of the SOnator are covered by many dielectric Coatings. They possess thigh oy Bae ee eoty and ConseyueEntly; absorb’ VeLy Tite tee ee + S¥7~passing-through= e-mi =——Bhe~transparence- timal_for ¢ ~laser_being—able. to-emit—a—powe rful—current—ef—radiat senbhout-noticeable: decreases inuthe- mivrs c_resonato he - AppOTed Hac RMeAdgMocumenr? cizRDPes aomaEaOROSOOUADGERO' SP: Asp ir “Procuctng’a series of He-Ne gas lasers (OQG's) | : ferent types of generators presented In table one are used i. — is
2000/08/07 :-CLA-RBP96-00787REGG600080004-0—___ =“ rove . “ - - oe ee Se ee e 4 " snp npanenra = . le 2 screw =e: ; c —————“""“"J WORD ABOUT LASERS--- 2 we ee ee ee ee ~ _ = ~T fo. S Tt = AE; -woeneBOLT OWS tate Taser eae uby-iasers;—potished ruby rods-are used; For optical pumping __..an_impulse lamp is _used,—for_the-generation—oftight—ef-—a—given——_—__. . “parameter, the laser has _a resonator, In the simpler types, the— " gesonator is represented by two semi-transparent mirrors placed towards - the periphery of the active medium. The ‘Mirrors farce the .photons ——-eg-gispersé perpindicularly to their surface, and frequently pass rough-the—ampitfy .—_----__This—causes the appearance—of_new-exeited_particles—in—the—medium, Subsequently, the whole totalits - chey pass between the mirrors. This process brings about the appeaxencel= ef a powerful directed light impulse in a narrow waveband interval. tt “““"Sinée One Of the.” mirrors Is semi-transparent, a very strong current ——of -brititance-goes-through tt—in- a-perpendtcurtar direction in ¥élation (x ——to-the-mirrer—surfaces,—Ali-the—quanta—radiated_strietly—correspond— . —_ito_phase and frequency---i.e. they are coherent, . The solid-state, ruby. ulse laser has found wide applications in - biology and medicine. The radiation generated by a roby laser has a Lt “Wavelength Of 6943 A, the power of radiation may vary within wide ——hutts, +The highest light—impuise-energy was obtained-in-the regton-of ' ——1500—joules,—The—utilization-of -micrescope—lenses—enables—the—area—of -—_the_spot to he rednced_to tenths of a square micron, At the present —__time, a constant plan of work for ruby generators has been worked out. : The radiation energy of such a laser comprises a few milliwatts (mW). “With the help of such a laser it is possible to obtain non-thermal —biological-effects-of—radtation;—on-a wavetength-of 6943 cAc- However; ~—the-radiation—area_of—solid-state—lasers—is—Large r -than—gas—lasers,_— =Sta’ gas_lasers generate light on definite wavelengths, —Diagram 1 shows the area of _the electromagnetic spectrum from 300-__ 1200 A, that is, from the ultra-violet to infra-red band. The emission _ lines are many, But ~ “there are also blank spaces: (i.e. the ~ socatted forbiddenstranstttons===Eds}~— In connection with thtgs-ene— ~fact—that—for-purpeses—of-speetroscopy;—chemistry-& biology;—a—very— accurate calibration is required for this or that line of absorbtion. —New_types of properties were discovered in quantum electronics, with _ the aid of which it was possible to cover the = whole band of the _light spectrum and obtain the generation of radiation on any wavelength _i the band-sector. such properties were distovered===they timed — “out _to-be-organte—dyes;—Up—to-the-present—time;—the—generation-has-—— -heen_dicovered_in several hundred compounds." =——In_the institute of physics of the academy of scienees of the Belorussian SSR, a dye laser called "Raduga" (Rainbow--Eds) was Constructed. (V.I. Stepanov, A.N. Rubinov, -1973).  Yts layout has been-shown-in-dtagramt 2. The radtation-of-a-ruby-laser {127347 . takes—place—through—a-cyLindricel_tens—{5}—and—a—non—Linear—crystaité) and_doubles_in frequency._..._ __Further, the light current_of doubled —_ frequency, wavelength 3470 "A, is focussed on a dye chamber, in the _ form of a narrow stripe, stretched across the lower part of the Cuvette axis, In, this way, the pumping of the dye is accomplished. Ihe generation of radiation takes place in a perpendicular dLPSceion in *he-resonator;—formed—by—the-mirror—tto};—and—the -diffracttonal-grating (8};—Ten—grooves filled with-solution-of-varbous—dyes;—have been —— pparatus, The grooves are. fastened in as ecial__ SVolving cylinder (drum) which enables the rapid change-over from ne dye to another. The easy shifting of the generation line is ained by the simple rotation of the diftractional grating (8). ser enables the attainment of-tight—imputses—ranging—in——— SPT RAT NIN ne er ae Us --- Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00782R000500080001-0 ~ ge ee ROAR OLE EEL CL A te
Re on * . * a 1 s a “ a ee oot. "ER WERS ABOUT LASERS - 3 . from hunireds of kilowatts toa few milliwatts, and-in-any——— ° wv Pveband _from—3600-A_to—1e--700-A,the-spectral_line-being-of-a-width- ~we -to- ¢-future, biologists will have an . aris perent for the induction of widely-differing effects during —__ @uizelation and inhibition of metabolic processes. Even now, lasers : “Lave been constructed baséd on dyes, inwhich a@ rapid spectrum change- ~ ——eeg ets achieve seconds. | property of a taser witr -—doubtlessly—find-a-wide_application—in_the rapid-spectroscopy—ef——_: ~bio-chjects,-above_all_in diagnosis —  ——__________ ad ~ ~“Seniconductor lasers A __Up_to the present time, generation has heen achieved on 24 semi- - conductor ,crystals. During the bombardment of semiconductors with | “beans of fast electrons, electron-hole pairs are created in them. The high coefficient of amplification “in semiconductors allows the —ctreation ofan optical quantum generator of a large surface area of ~vadiation—in-the—formof-mirrers,.—aAt—present,—semiconduetive—lLasers— .-are_being turned out by our indus: . The main element of a semiconductor OQG is the semiconductor diode with ‘a thickness of o.1 mm and an area of.a few mm“. The plate " has contacts bonded on two sidés. Thé plate itself is made us of —~two dissimilar parts, comprising—an-eltectron—{N-type}—and-a-hote——— — {P=type}—conductance.—-The—gap—difference—between—them—is—called_the— —?=N_junction.__The thickness of the penetration region is somewhere _ around a thousandth of a mm. It is in this area that the generation of radiation also takes place. If. an electrical potential is placed n the diodé, then it will léad to the aggrandization of the — “re Lon-processeS andthe tiberattion of -energy—in-the—form-of— —light ‘quanta,—Semiconducter—diodes_ofArsenie—&—Gallium—{GEAs}.GAW BE —Generated with an impulse of high-level current and in a temperature of liquid Nitrogen. At presant, generation has been obtained at __ _room temperature as wéll. The efficiency of the diode is high and theoretically approaches 76%. ~The minicure dimensions of the lasers; “Sre-ease with which-lightradiation—can-be—madulated,—the-different : “Spectra-ofgeneration;will_undoubtedly—in—the—future—make—them—inte- - fonvenient apparatus for photobiological action. Our industry produces [Seni conductor jaser of a wavelength of 9loo A and a power of The most monoc romatic light is genérated by gas lasers. .The generation of-monochromatite polarized-coherent—tight with the—atd— >£-gas—optical-quantum_generators—permitsthe_selective—activation———- lical_processes in plant organisms, animals and man, lowever, research intg the specific effects of laser light during its . ‘ction on biological objects did not begin suddenly. How the amassing  a#terfal”on the biological action of laser radiation took place he Teader-witIt-beable-to_discover-in_the following pages-—-—_——. Approved For Release Loe RED A RR em SECRET EAP Oe Sn? 4 Mali AUN An sy : : ; EORRY pon tama §
4 sor OL “, "Ads, tas A Ee 8 ~ Ti sreetral lines srenerated warious active mediums solids X-axis:MKM wt th LSS JLacram 3: =Ixternal laser for radiation 45°06 7 288 O09 1,0 14 £2 MRKand wounds, -TRETPRIDRME ARHAH, TexepHpyembie AasepoM Ha pasanqHnix SXTHRHHX Cnetarx. 7 If: diacram of an optical quantum ar "raduga" (rainbow (1) ruby las2 “?sonator mirrors (2) S-value or of ruby (Q-swite:) (3)imoulse Slas.) lamps (4(“aby crystal on of tite ruby 1 ‘an ~1 : ° 5 Qziccl lens (6)nonlineer erystal doubcling tic frequency of Puc, 2. Cxema ontuveckoro Ksaxtoporo renepatopa «Pagyrap: YARTOP AOGPOTNOCTH py6GxHosoro Aazepa: Im MMIYADCHBIC JaMNes HOKAUKH yasauanouna vwactory H3AyueHne TKA, MOBOPOT KOFOPOR aAaer hilaanyiwo JENORHEHHMMH PACTAODIAMH Pa) kana toro aasepen rere PyGumosoro = nazepe: 2 — won WOro Aa sena: 7— KPMCTAI nyGuna: 3 — UMAMHAPHMECKAaR AHH 12. 6 — HeanHeAHbia KpuCTata, + f= ODeAeTp, norzcusmwKa HEHIMEHENHYIO WACTOTY: 8 — ANDPAKUHOHHAA pewe OAKy a Y AKKRA Femepaumn B orpaHMdenHok OGAacTH. 9 — DebotbhsepnwWA Gapadan c 10 KmosetamH, AMSHeEX KpacuTenea; 10 — seixognoe sepKkaaga Aazepe Ha KpacnTere, a ; . Paction grating, when rotated, «-conB BBS ag FARA 2ORO gH! CIRRDP ay ob7g7 OCR! end nn ne eee me VeeNe of bone fractur: Ts 118 aser (7) filter absorbing ti.e constant frequency gives s!ift in seneration lines wit} FO0NS0NNBDEN 1-0 Puc. 3. Buewnnit ata reani-Heonoporo aazepa, o6opyzoBannoro AAR O6TYYCHHA KOCTHBIX MepeOMOB HK pall.
5 or Release 2000/08/07 : C 87R000500080001-0 em er er ewe eee ee ee tw#étt ee ind rove oe EEN TER TSOT UNSPECIFIED ACTION ‘GF LASER RAYS ON LIVING ORGANISMS - re ex—the—creation—_of—thefirst_optical _guantum—__ en MR ERTS ES m_ for biological or medical purposes. As_is_ known, lasers _ a Seidiation at various frequencies including visible or red me TOES € rs asers were made for e réd part of the spectrin, $5 ents-conmectton; the -bivlogical-ef fects—of taser radiation wenn epee t-studied_—in_the _red_light spectrum,—aAs-—yet,_little_is-known about other divisions of rese esent time, ruby and _ ___Ne-Ne_lasers are the most widely used: in biology and medicine. The material presented gives an idea about which routes researchers _ “~““¢sck after new sources of Tight appeared, sources of high intensity. ~~“te is knowns that one of the characteristics of laser—tight-ts-not—— ~~only-tes—high-effieieney-but—alse—its—eharaeteristies—of—monochromatic ~~ and. polarized_radiation.—_Another characteristic_of laser light is __ ~—that_it_can_ be produced by short impulses, such discharges can __ actain large power values. As a result, the action of the powerful “pulses on biological objects creates the phenomena of a locally —"— "tentained thermal effect. —The thermat-effects of-laser-radtation——. ~~-are-widely—appiied—today—in-_medicine,— —A—great—deal—ofi_research—has ——_been_dev i y lasers on organs of. ——Sight. Thus, lasers have f ound wide application as photo-coagulators a aac Riel or the treatment of swellings, exfoliation of. the reticular membrane, and other diseases of the eye. Concomitantly, éxperimental work was” + __sattied on. Opthaimologists-converted—the-high—power—lamp—hr ane "ephthalmo-coagulatery-apparatus—into—a—ruby—laser—and—obtained--good “Curative effects. A..F. Migacheva (1969) carried out experiments. on_ more than 7o rabbits of the strain chinchilla. Radiation was effected {2 4 with the aid ofa ruby.laser Whose wavelength was 6943A, the length e impulse was lo > seconds. 3° he radiation énergy on horny e eee - 7 O02; ~ i andl _joute;respectivety.-tt-was———-- f ~_ ppgerved-that—at—this—energylevel_of radiation—at-o.002—-joules_on__ . ——th ection, the total destruction_of_. ry the pigmented cells as well as the Segments of the rods and cones _ f of the retinal membrane could be seen. Layers of nerve fiber f were observed. At a period of lo days after what wads happening at & the “Wadi; there-wasan-absence—of-the—layer- of the-rods—nnd cones —— * end the-part-of_the-nuelei—of the-external_necleic_layer--In the and pet g-layers_har "ly_any distrophic_changes.in the perinuclear ende: —and_lysis of nuclei were observed. With the increase of radiation energy haturally more wide and deep damage was noted. Over a period o. thirty days, the locality of damage per presented {tself as oo _ be L trophic pertoretinal groove tridye)}—containing—chologentc— £4 igment.—. ~In-the-retinal—envelepe;-surrounding—the—ridge- thotPophal changes were observed.—Data found in literatore con fiencd . —tha$_the action of OQG rays of wavelength 69434, impulse length _ S€c, energy range 0.02--1 joule, creates changes in picmentary _epithelia of optical and vascular envelopes and the degree of - Se ege {5 directly proportional tothe -anount of energp civerswhtch conten te the-eyes;—in-other-section-of the-eye—around the pin mage—hardly any—chain of distrophal_changes_occurs._This arly applies to the tissues in the eye, Some researchers Observed the absence of any damage to the tissue of the eye duting “pplication of 00G radiation applied with the purpose of coagulating “the S“éenve Ope. (L.A. Linnik, L.A. vedmédsnko,— and Gthers;, 1969) . cong POS! Showing—the—recurrance-ofdamage—around—the-cone ak Top tation—are-M_B,—Chilik,—-I.K_Kerova(1969).——In_the same period... Tbs Butman_(et al, 1969) observed possible damaging effects orn laser radiation on organs of Sight. In the opinion of the authors sited, the unfavorable action of laser light is increased in condit- — deeb Boe ons w illumination (ambient tlignhting-teveh r - - Approve: for Release 2000/08/07 Cia RORUS COE YRoBdsdiiadsahy Bs Shree ay . , ’ — : ad Jeers? ee eee PEE A we rae sent eet ato oF fe” . — 7 he ee ei 7 a CR a OT I i A A aT a el, coe Sata Nl nee Sad aD: EE «aR ee est os pet al coe DD Be ee SS ak ie ER Sa
Appreve a FE ILE TET! SLE ES a H : se . | ___UNSE ECL FIED_ACTION—OF_LASER-RAYS—ON--LEV-ING-ORGANISMS—~5 Such_is the action of small amountsof stain combined with laser ray_ action. When radiation is effected through a special microscope, reports N.F. Gamaleya, a. selective disintegration of the mi tochon- - ai—cetis of the cardiac muscle-by—the impulse action of an argon aser—is—observed,—Such—selective—dis i ochrondrs on account o he presence o ¥tochrome=C,which—absorbs_—green— light. Many experiments have been devoted to changes taking place ——yp-the skin under the influence of laser radiation. xe 30-50 Joules re LoY -Levets; da age took plate which manifested iteself in the forn—ef—a-vesiele—with—an-exudatory—inflammatory reaction ond thee appearance_of_a_rind with successive inflammations (decomposition)-.— “the majority of radiated. hamsters survived,.In those that died ——~Intensive damage to their »odies was. found... Usually, they were -~—~wermprages and edéma (dropsy) in: the ventricular walls and in the --—inner—organs;stomach—amd intestines. As far asthe Véntvi Slee ore— -- soncemed,—situated_between_the—damaged—zone-on—the—ventricular-wali- : and_the_damaged_internal organs, intestines and stomach,—-no_visible_ "ghanges whatsoever were noticed. ~ “~~"Histological investigations made on the damaged skin showed _" distinct differences between the Living and. non-living cells. Hair a ~-tetiicules retaining their pigment and those having lost them were _ —_—— ~ siearly-visilbe.—vesicles—appeared,—afterthe-9ction—oftaser—radtat- son_and_were_ primarily distributed in the epiddrmis. . Numerous investigations have been made to discover. ___ the , action of ruby laser radiation on-the organs of ventricular cavity, tk “chest, tne pelvic areas, and.so on. .. ' ~~ Snenruby itght radiations of great intensities aré applied; -— , > Recrot)c—phenomena—are _observable.—Thus;—radiating—the-heads-of —— Easariey of che onimeT en Ow too Toules_brought about _the—death-of_the; pwactity of the animals, within a period of 24 hours_after radiation. « ‘Liecaing from the mouth, nose, and ear channels and eye orbits was _ E ‘ciserved.” Intercranial hemmorages — .. Were visi@le in the area of thet ~™ segtai distributions; stomachs, —and-conductive (eLrenlatsr ~~ ~ £ caannels., No-neticeable—morphological-changes-were-observable—tn——— c .c bone tissue. Howey -had-lengthened-and-—nuclei ,, F “YEE Sp op athe wavs investigations have shown_that at_energies £ 3 “£ mnder loo joules, wavelength. . 6943 A, about 1lo% of the energy = “Laz4ead7 6 penetrates the skin, muscies and cranium. It is neccess site radd etent phe above-mentioned results were Obtained On Heee “eee Padtated -skinsecters—were-shaven—clean-of—fur~— Where fer mie. -iTsei0, damage to the brain was less considerable cc. think it is possible to limit ourselves with the factual _. Sy fftai cemonstrated showing th — - ciently teh Padre ee Mant tole biological errEcts Broug . about by 7 i 74tes shanties ap peCording—te-the-opinton-of-E;-Klein~ané-S\ Fine — a 7 eectanisms of laser radiatioc tlac meitty thermal hypothesis based on the investigation of the _ _? ractacree ee and n_Vivo. According to this hypothesis, the effe ts ay ar" as they pertain to — - 7h istent-from-the cence aed a oO the cell are basically not Pactegs eee thesis "of many factorsls aceende ee peat * 2 Sactnes 2F cording—te—which- ~vartous oe Ean SiSConsidered to b ortance with the exception: on WG ESSShG the temperatura during radiation... . “4 Cegree of tha a i tt egress ; omination of. the v bar ae, bes ree tens . y o cident dai Sas. rere f+ Ps QRErtias pe ete ne nese semana dn gntG.
The most important parameters of radiations are in the nergy level, power and intensity, wavelength,etc. é@ p ysical parameters of bioloyical systems having significance i tes;—absorption—properties;thermai-conductivit: radiation. form of energy, & 4 7 3 mechanical_preperties.<—$§  — ————_____________________: we: orodetskiy reports (1966) that the light of a ruby laser ean bring about a free-radical state. The action of the focused laser radiation was studied by them on freshly prepared human blood samples. @ samples were én subjected to staining according to the ~~ i~Gi 7 amage—to-eritrocytes-was—discovered,;—the—~" 24 ocytes—remaining—undamaged,—The hemoglobin_of_eritrocytes_is— ~_pspecially easily damaged (disintegrated) by the radiation impulses _. -—==—"Puring investigations made of the EPR“spectrum of a whole see —~——-zeTies of biological samples, a series of noteworthy facts were” ~  —— reveateds An _initiattlyshaven-skin-surface-of-animais—was—subjected __ +g-in_vivo—as—well_as—in_vitro—radiation.—Soon—after_radiation—— these sectors were cut off and placed in _an_ampule for EPR anavysis. : Piomented and white skin was analysed applying the EPR method. - wo radiated skin, white as well as pigmented,.did not give out any Un-radiate las p EPR signals. n @ radiated pigménted skin, EPR signals were rec— —~—pordeds—_tEPR-=etectron paramagnetic—resonance:-~Eds }.— : ___. An -EPR-signal—was—also-observed_in_theeritrocytes_of pigeons— after their subjection to laser light radiation.”. Consequently, the _ activity of laser radiation on biological tissues leads to the’ “““Zopearance of free radical states connected with- pigment clusters. 4.  —-"~~ravestigations havé also beén madé on huiian skin. The radiation 2; --~- of-skin-sampies-was. ~carried out with _the-aid of-a-ruby—taser._H— 6 _ — was-discovered that—onlythe-pigmented-skin-of—a—human being gives — _ o£ a_stable EPR signal. The nature of this signal is connected with [2 the pigment---mellonin. One should not ignore the possibility of “ene participation of multi-photon processes in the biological effects:: ~ of yadLation. (L.B. Rubin, 1969)~-. : a -——In-the- optical -waveband (visible tight);—one-should-expect—a—— considerable—intensity—of—multiphoton—processes—from-organic———— molecules, insofar_as_they possess wide_intensive absorbtion areas in that_part of the spectrum. A definite probability exists that under ery, tne action of laser light beamed on biological objects, multi-photon ¢9 processes will take place. —~—~According-to-the- | —opinion-of-b-B.Rubin—ti969),—an-experimenta: P eon firmation—of—such-precesses_will be-of—considerable—significance~. b +..©..the following considerations: it is a well-known fact that E. riven in the visible waveband sectors, light quanta are of extremely varied quality from the point of view of the biological effect that ~ Loewy produce (extremely different qualitatively). For example, red -23577 Coes not-show-a_targe effect-on the photosynthestising tissues; - maue-end-violet—light—can—bring—about—some—suppression—of_1i fe-activit: _, prtraviolet light in the region of 2,500=2,600A_ absorbed by nucleic av+cS__ __brings about the death.of cells... However, under the action oy tSser light lethal consequences can take place, both at 1lo,600 ; , ahecrcetnee 5,300 A. As a matter of fact, thé four=photon ——- ‘Earption of -a-nevdymtum Laser radtation,.. 107600 or-a-two site ppt LOn-of its-second-harmonic;-5;30e—-A-will-be—equal_to—. . = of _1_quantum of wavelength 2,650 A. Consequently, in nents and evaluatio f£ data obtained,..it i ; ID consideration: ns_of data obtained,.it is neccessary to take Beez. n the possibility of the existence of multiphoton resent, intensite research is being made into the reaction: Eats ae Paes é fe
. Sle A UNSPE CIFIED ACTION OF LAS ER_RAYS OH LIVING ORGANIS MS = 7 ——_ kKfter radiationHela cells with the aid of a ruby laser, changes d, which rn the = chromosomes of their tissue structure were noticed, w __vere-morphologicatly—convergent with the changes in the WUCTERS (Bete X=rayradiation—{S~—Fine-and-B,—Kiein 1966) “the process : e “fell _division_arrested_in_the_prophase_of bunbn Tevsoee chicken subjected to ruby laser radiation, are. described. After chicken —_———enbryos were Subjected to impulse ruby. laser radiation, abnormal |_____onenotienon Were observed throug @ shell. The extremities of the [embryos -becamedeformed; anda _ilumpiness was Observe: n e 7 internal 08 9an 6 paging inner ve been_reports of the possibility of damaging—inner— cell organelles in the culture of the myocardic tissue, with the aid of microwave argon laser. Therewith, a collective destruction Is of the tissue culture can be observe i______s¢-mteéhondria in living cel [___or-going-through-the-experimental data-concerning the action Of neodymium. —and—rubylasers—on—tissuecuiture .-cebis; the majorit | ef _anthars_come_ta_the_conelusion_that_most rapid damage “Seve leps—— in the membrane structures of mitochondria= the endoplasmatic reticule (N.F. Gamaleya,. 1972) .. . . ___+<“““ypart from that, thé suppressive action of WeTium Neon laser "night ts-observed inthe muttiptication of Tiving certs tn @ FESSNE CU LEU ES + | R cently, _warks_have_been_ published conasrning-the possibility of obtaining chromosome aberrations under the action of uninterrmpte i————Taser radiation of various wavelengths. He-Ne lasers 6328 A, power —_————T2niiTTiwatts; argon lasers 4880 A, power 135 mW; nitrogen lasers, | go A power —i-W;-carbon-dioxide of to; 600 A; power I Watt, were Us : te _bring_out_these—effects,—Onion—roots—of—the-baton-type were “Sub~ : “jected to radiation. At the same time, a ‘marked _increase—of _aberrat output was observed during radiation by spectral lines in the visibl hand. lt was discovered that thé peréentage of the chromos ome ot perration-output—ts dependent upon the dosages -At wavelength F550 ' saturation was observed,—With—a_further—increaseof—dosage7 no 3 1 increase _in_abeeration_output_was_established.—For_a_wavelength-of _ 5862 A, the curve was of a resonant character withthe maximum _——— ne output of chromosome aberrations at 3.4 joules/ cm*. ————"“~“is Is apparent from the material of our review, the majority o: i ras been devoted to-biological research into the action of _______longwave_-monochromatie—red-Light—ef-a—ruby—taserof-high intensity~ __ dn their work, in’ n_attention—to—research—into— changes taking place in fermentations, tissues, etc. occuring durin: high-power radiations, when the domonant factor is the thermal . atfect. At the same €ime, hardly any isolate -experimental facts a: —_____y4nown-about-gas -iaser-radiattons of comparatively low power, but .-.____ high degree-ef-coherence—and-polarization; possessing non~thermat _ specific effects. At the same _time,—such—experimental findings wer not explained, they were _not_used_as departure _points_for_systemat research. . Let us now consider a few of. them in. greater detail. . E~ Karlander and RK. - Kraus (1968). did some interesting. _ - experimental work-aimed-at explaining the physiological eftectivene —______ef -light-ebtained-from-both-coherent and noncoherent Sources. RR non=coherent source of light-equivalent—in_energy—and_wave-— length was a monochromator. One_of the indexes of photosynthesis — .. intensity of chlorella (a plant, which grows in water. in. closed-typ ecological systems——--Eds) served as. an .indication.of.the. degree of ration.. The data obtai @ authors is contained in a ogeri ata obtained by th € .-_ Approved bor Release 000/08/07— AA 78 mH wm .
ae UNSPECIFIED ACTION OP_LASER-RAYS_ON LIVING ORGANISMS =8 The authors suggest that coherent light is photosynthetically _ ——wore active than non-coherent light of the same wavelength. Laser ent is 2o-30 4 More ef fective than that-ofa-white-light—-ramp-or— "__ aenochromaters—0+P+—Sachkev—+1969}-also_observed-a-sharp_increase— —aileched’so_suppienentary Rocke dager Sight OO ; Subjected to supplementary Henne ase ante a done by Rul) Semen reat interest is the work that has been done by A.I. Semenova and Vv. oe Singayevskiy (1969) explaining the biological action of ~~ tf T[ow-intensity laser radiation on the living d6rganism (animagsy. merov-carried out-experiments—on—68-white—rats.—Research-was-—- ! made—into_the—hromonal_reaction—on_the suprarenal-—Radiation_activity as effected with the aid of. He-Ne, ruby, and Nd++ lasers. The | experiments conducted showed that the action of He-Ne laser radiation ——"9f constant activity (i.e. continuous wave,or CW---Eds) over a period ef lo-2o minutes brings about hornoral reacttons—in the suprarenal~—_ | esting-themseives-with -the-utecrease—in-the—num>ser -of-— | oz zynophyles—int She peripheral bloog-by_3o= Jo—$,—_the—inerease—of —__ prarenal_weight by 20-40 %, and the decr&se in the content of _ lipoids in the suprarenal cortex.. These changes obtain their maximum value 15-20 minutes after radiation was initiated, and 2-3 hours after ormonal reaction décréased to its initial lever. rn—to—-the-initial tevei—took—more—than-5—or-t-hours—in— rats with aweak-nervous system. A similar hormanal_reaction was —— diy noticeable after many rediations with impplse Jasers, Apart from the hormonal reaction a sharp increase in the demand for hydrogen r——"6f 50-lo0o% was observed. AI. Semenov shows that a single gas ; 2aser ser radiation is equivalent to many répéated radiations carried out -O8Q6—of the—ruby—and-Ndtt types ' Furthermore,aA_I._Semenov_and VA. Sengayveskiy have discovered. | huthat by radiating the eyes of animals with even low-intensity gas _ rT laser radiations, wavelength 6328 8 A, , brings about considerable | functional changes in the cardiovascular system. Changes in the tone [of the vessegss Have beén established-- After adaptation to darkness e | __+the-radiation-brings—about—a-marked—di splacement—in-arterial-pressure |-{on_the_average—20~30_mm-Hg-st~).—Arterial_pressure—has..a—tendency— ,-__to_decrease. _Sharp_changes_in_the_ activity of hollyesterases take __ place in the direction of its increase atter the eyes of a rabbit have been subjected. to He-Ne radiation....A displacement-of Ca-Na (Caiciun- : Sodium) balance in the reticular tissue of the éye has been noted. According—-to-the-authors, -ali these-effects—can-bring—about—changes in-the—parasympathetic _secter—ofthe—nervous—system,that—is,they—_. ~—_are_of a vagotropic character. .. Consequently, as the various experimental work shows, living organisms are able to react specifically to the action of laser > radiation of different wavélengths and intensity. > — tie—above=mentioned bibtiographicali data demonstrates—the————. "——- —gradual—evolution—ofthe opinions of the researchers—concerning— -___the_mechanisms_of laser light action and the greater interest shown to the problems of the photob iological non-thermal effects of this new form of radiation. . .. o show perspective’ OE. this —qevelopiient in the Utilization —and-discovery ofthe physiviogicat effects of taser-radiation-one—can "——_ge-back—as—far—as—1965_-when—Lt _-was—possible_te-get—aequainted with—- ~-——_the_effects of increased biological activity with the aid of mono- _ chromatic red light, linearly polarized (V..M.. Inyushin, 1965). Since then.,..9: years.have elapsed. .As.result of intensive work, considerable. material concerning the bidlogical activity of mono=—— Fee ae moncoherent radkatton and gas Taser radiation has: ‘been amassen actions are presented in- Apprdved? PorReTwase 4 SOOOIOSIO? : Sar IA-RDP96-00787 0005000 Se USIS: DEPARTMENTS ONLY
—Temapren Ut. puvszonocrean AcT TON_OF_MONOCHROMAT: I€—POLARIZED-~-RED Ee ___ LIGHT ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD_AND_BLOOD-FORMING_ORGANS ——_—_—_ The first éxpérinents concerning the discovery of the acthon of ea eae eee ae eee laser rays or other Right wave apparatus radiating monochromatic ———__ 1: pols ylarized red light on the composition of peripheral bload_and crcod_forming_were-ce rried-out—in-Alma-Ata—at—the—facuity—of—biclogy— ——oF the Kazakh State University, 97 “Such “reseaiieh was neccessary for the evaluation of the specific reactiveness_of the blood- =forming_organs_subje cted to light radiation ——_—_ of—iefintite-- -quantum-and-wave-parameters+—They-we re—-to-—open-the-way——_ for the widé usé Of laser radiation in the ¢linic. —__ During the total radiation of white rats and cats over periods of _a few minutes witb_non coherent light of maximum_6300-6400_A -——_-over—a-period-of-lo-—days;—we—observed—rises—in—the—content—of erito-—— t-—_— eyes an ‘and leucocytes (V.M. Inyushin, 1965, 1967). On the 5th day =~ ( ——— after radiation _the content of hemoglobin increased to more than 12 — units.__The_ number of eritrocytes_c decreased _somdwhat_over_ the_day_afte: L. —--the--initiation—of-the-radiation,—and—as—the—time—went—on-progressively t— inereased from 6 nillion to ero miTiiony towards the loth day of — the the experiment. "Similar reactions were ohserved in dogs which were subjected _ L—- — to—nencoherent—polarized-monochromatic-red—light—radiattion—of-the———_ "very samé intensity: - ______All our experiments were carried out as part of a plan to make __—a_comparative_evaluation_of noncoherent_and_ to a les ser_ ~ degree, __ fF ~~ monechromatic--red—light—obtained—f rom-gas—discharge—sources—and-——— [—~ "Taser radiation: Making lise of flouresénce microscopic studies of __blood smears, we came to the conclusion that under the action of __ . —.gas_laser radiation w avelength 6328 A radiation intensity 2 mW/om* -———(without—any—no ticable—thermat effect}—already—a-day—after—a—doubte—— |  tOtal radiation of white rats, there was a rapid incréase in the __ amount of young forms of red blood corpuscles-~reticular sites. --—_____In_connection with this and in order to make an accur ate evaluatic L. o£f-bone-marrow—produe tion—or_ertitrocytes- warder—the—action-of-stimutants ee t it is not enough to take only thé number Of eritrocytes and reticulra- p—— Se SO Bane only sme number of eritrocytes and reticulra- p.__ Cytes into consideration, in our laboratory more detailed experiments | |. _we Te_carried out. The average maturation time of reticular sites [as deternined-eccording-to-methods-submt tted by N-E.-Mosyagina (1962). [A series of: experiments were _ _carried out which demonstzated that.
, ____ PHYSIOLOGICAL - “ACT ION_OF_MONOCHROMATIC_POLARIZED_RED-LIGHT.-~--- 2——_-— _ oo 1.5-2 times, already the 3rd day after the 2 min procedures of ————"ponochromatic polarized red light activity obtained ~ from a ——— ionconéréent source with Lfts maximun ihn the range SE Etc A-and a4 gas __---——_ taser -wavetength—632 —A,—in-addition;the—baser-radtation-brings-- pout—guite—a-steep_increase of eritropoetic_production.—_But, the _. epitropoesis curve of differentiation has a more wave _form character. | " in terms of time then in the case of. the action n of monochromatic red ———"jight issuing from a noncoherent source. The increased production of ~ ——eritrocytes was Observed in the case of thé activity of total laser —radtatton< “The increased product on oe ee ee ee ee mencemeat orn |_—the “ne orm_was_observed—also—on_the Lith _day_after_commencement—of———— Consequently, tt the effect of monochromatic coherent polarized -——"{ight manifests itself as being physiologicatly a more resonant . —_—cnaracter than the TIOnconeYent, and (ts effect perpetuates over -—_——tonger pertods—of-timeafter—the initial-effects:—However;the————_ ______—-noncoherent—source—of—polarized_red‘light—(the—apparatus—for—thermal—_ ght_radiation_patent_nr. 245995) also demonstrates a noticeahle effect on the blood-forming organs-.. The condition of the marrow. “during 5 the radiation. Lon. of. living ————_"ereaturésS indicatés that this ray factor dcts asa stimulator.” Itt _— ____ ore atso nottced-that—after—a-stngle-2-min-radiatton-with-the-aid——— _____-of-_-noncohe rent—monochromatic-polarized_red_light- thatthe _number_of — vasophilic_and_polychrome_eritroblasts_increases_on the average by _5-lo” When repetitive radiations were carried out éver a period of ——"4 days, an “~“tnerease of young eritrobilasts was observed (bazophil: polychrome aid normoblasts). The number of mfelocytes increased, espectatiy —the-eozinophtle-by—a—factor—of—3-4- compared-_to normat— -—_—_sonditions.—These_was_.an—increase—in_the_activity-of _mitotic_activity, ,____of the hone_marrow_cells. 7 Also, considerable changes were noticeable in the milt. (spleen) ._ In the initial stages, a filling up of the spleen with hemolorized “———"BT60d EOOK place, — and with further radfation by monochromatic ‘polartzed \-___red—Light—there-was—an-increase—in—the-number—of -young—lymphocytes;—- ;——which—demonstrated the existence-of the- activation. -of -lymphopoesis...— ~ > (V.M, Inyushin, 1965, E.P. Smimov_1967). [ To evaluate the reaction response of the spleen “we applied the _ " a cectniaue of biotic staining introduced and discovered" in their time _ "BY Van -——of-the-sorbic_stain-tneutral rea)_was-carried-out-with-the-aid-of ~——-phetoelectro-colorimeter.—The—data—show-that—the_maximum—changed_of— -____sarbical properties_is_observed from the 3rd_to the 6th day after the _ commencement of the 2 minute action of monochromatic polarized red light. The increase of sorbtion compared to the control group “(Ot aninals) compriséd from 30-46%.  .* During the total radiation by ~——~gas taser—light of wavetength—-6328-A-of-adequate duration and-intensity --——_,—a -sharp—increase—of-sorbtion—already—after—the—first—one—or—two-hours -_—__Was_observed after _radiation,.__The excess or sorbtion_ indicators - (indices) can sometimes be from 1.5-2 times greater than the norm. At the same time, the consequent drop in the amount of sorbtion staininc takes place more rapidly than in the casé of radiation by noncoherent, ~——nenochromatte-potarized red-light tthe date—of-Ns Gy Tkachenko.) “Phe -resutts obtained demonstrate that during radiation the ——— — —* ffectiveness—of—response—is_determined- by -the—influence-of-the—degree of _monochromaticity and as far as is possihle the coherence of ~——sachation. During the action of laser light, the response of the ,_Spleen is more distinctly expressed. It is interesting to comment __ —__that an idiosyncratic accumulation of activity takes piace in , case within the first three da S- During the. action— £-faser tigi t- Kporovee 500/686 RDHPI6-64 FROOE nOOR00E : : AL p . - mPBARTMENTS OLE.
--Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500080001-0 —_..>._. - (Eee = i Ce a ee ee re rrr sre ad Se .tr ott trp rt lee rete gs ee —_ PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTION OF MONOCHROMATIC POLARIZED RED LIGHT ...56 73 0 eee eee ee ___—t rained -directty—on the tsotated-spleen;-wealso—observed—an_increase— ______-4n-the—sorbtion—of—the—ne utral_red.—_Consequently,—_it—is—possible—— 1 to have_a_direct_influence_ of light on the organ, __________ The above data demonstrate the real effect of the action of ——jnonochromatic polarized red light, ~—~“extracted from the shortwave. ——gection of the red spectrum on the production of blood. Simitar— ——effects are ob tained-with-the—aid-of taser—ltight.—in-beth—cases,;no— dt ereversible—pathologic al—changes—of-any-—sort-were—obs erved, ecent_times_the reaction _of hlood forming_organs_were studied for the most part in connection with the acti vity of fonizing radiatio and sometimes ultraviolet light, e@lectromagne tic vibrations of an ——"ltra- “high and extremely high frequency. The mate ¥Lal per present ——tn this sé ctton-demonstrates-that—visible -light;-espectally red-light; |__ exerts—a-stimulating—influenc e-on—the—composition—of-—peripheral_blood ___eand blood=forming_organs. . __________ Blood=forming reactions in the organisms of living beings - . subjected to long-term action of laser. {ight were studied. In such experiments we observed ap ertodic tnhibttive effect on blood forming= ———-which was ofa reve rse—-character.——______.—__+ In-our-— opinion,—the-activityof  . MRL—on—blood=forming—organs— _____ and blood_generated_by a laser_ar other lights ources takes place , both directly and indirectly. _-_ _ In the first case, the red light absorbed by the porphirines ———ean bring about the lessening of the resistan cé of the older arttrocytes and their disintegration {photodynamic effect}. Th ts——— ~_—-process—can—be— intensified_by—adding—photosensibllitize rs—into-the-—_ ‘blood. The products_of disintegration_can_be activa ted_by_the blood. |__—- forming process of the marrow. It is known that native blood (A. Chizhevskiy 1973) circulating in the vessesl comprises an ordéréd system. “In our laboratory, ~ -———T-B_-Beklemtschev-carried-out-a_series of experiments; — It was shown ---—-that—blood—cemp rises--a—system-with—labil e-phases_and-a_hi gh.-degree _._ -.__of_cooperativenes s. The effects_of_laser _radiation_.can. be. realized _ ' ___theough the blood thanks to_ which an accumulation and migration of i -- i absorbed energy is obtained. During the direct action of 0QG "— radiation on blood exposed many times; ~a- “decrease in the” - -—number-of-absorbed-methyline biue-was-observed.-—At- the -same- time; --—_—the-character-ef the-sorbtion-changes---=“their rise_or_fall-=-were —. .—__—_dependent on the initial indicators. _ At_low_initial_indications, —__radiation_as a rule showed their rise, -°_at high indicators, -~—_their fall. __ _. They suggest that blood is a liquid crystal stbstance in which ~ —_i1ight tnduces muttifarlous energy processes. Cons equentiy;,_it ts—— ~--~—possible-te-assume—that—the—fact—that_the-actionof_lase r—lLight—on———— ———blood_is of _a direct nature has been_proved.__Blood_is_a_substance___ through which the transfer of absorbed energy to the various points of ~___the organism takes place. At the same time, the indirect activity _..__0f MPRL on the forming of blood takes placé on accoéunt of the acti="— : vation of the finctioning of the endocrinal ti ssues—tgtands}, above —_ att;—the-hypophysic—(pituitary———Eds )—and_thyroid_which-have—a_direct ~——relationship—in—re gulating functions of blood forming._ a Avvroved—FerRelease2000/08/07-: A-RDP96-00 )-f-— ~.
—___cuaprer IW; __ THE REACTION_OFENDOCRINAL_GLANDS. -~ DURING RADIATION ___ BY MONOCHROMATIC RED LIGHT nt SN Mac A i a a ks a EY mo Te ee Se ee - > ‘E —————tThe ability of éndocrinal glands to react to visible light ~~~ s-common kiiowledge._It has-been shown experimentalty that under —— ___-_-the-influence-of -visible—iight,—funetionai—and—morpholegical changes— | ____which—lead_to_intensified_secretion_of the_gonadotropic_harmones_in—— | ____the blood takes place at the front bottom of the hypophysis. Apart from that, it is known that the hormones of. the front bottom of the. . -——fiypophisis not only control the gonadotropic action but also influence -—_——glands of intérial secretion. The functton of the thyrotd gland ts — | a ectty—dependent—on—the—intensity-ef—secretion—ofthe—tireatrophie— rmone—of—the—hypobhisis. A.A. Voytkevich (1945) experimentally ______ demonstrated _that_the tireotrop hic function of hypophises in frogs and toads is activated by the visible light from an incandescent lamp. ——there are indications that the hormenal activity of hypophises is -———stimulated by ted light (NA Popov-19407-Az Emme _1958;et aly i Not-much-has—been—discovered—about the-hiclogical—-effects—of—— | _sseparate—monochromatic_sectors_of_visible_light._M.E. Zeltser_has____ | made_research into the condition of the thyroid glands of white. _ | ___—srats after they had been subjected to a single total dose of mono-. | ——~e _hromatic red light radiation wavelength 6400 A aver a period of -—__y“sna 5 minutés. Already—I5-minutes after the introduction-of-the—— | ___ésotope;—the-amount—of_radioactivetedine—in—the—radiated—rats_was—— | ——sonsiderably_higher_than_the_contral group as The _maximum_iodine absorption is observed 2-6 hours after _ 7 introduction of the isotope. .In that. period, the difference. between r the control and experimental groups reached maximum amounts. “and -——anid-was statistically -stgnificant.--One day after the 2 min radtation e-condition-of-the-thyroid-glands4 *normalized.—aAccording—te—the— uthor,—the—results—obtained—demonstrated-the-activization_of the —- yroid gland after_a_single dose of monochromatic red light [ radiation. L.S. Prihod'ko and M.E. Zeltser (1967) report of results obtained on the reaction of suprarena to multiple radiations of “white rays (MPRL) of idéntical wavéléngth in experiments to discover” ——the—functtonali—activity—of thyroid-glands+—A-decrease—in-—content—of — ascorbic acid_-was—observed which—points-to—the-hypofunction—of the— ___superrena.__After_ the_single_dases_of radiation_no noticible increases ; in abscorbic acid content were observed. - We reached slightly different conclusions while examining the fF histophysiology of the superrena. An analysis of the “substantive” "~~ changes ~in-the~superrena subjected-to-monochromatic-polarized-red—— +--_Light—and-gas—laser_light—enabled-us_to-_dis- cover—a..complicated——_ ——. » -_- physiological reaction of this organ. After _a_single 2 min _monochromat [ __red light dose of radiation, the stain sorbtion usually decreased L which might point to a decrease in function. Towards the 3rd day | after the initiation of double dosés of radiation the suprarenal” , sorbtton-increased about 50%, and towards the—6th day;-beg ins-to—————_ “——— appreach—the_nermal—_level,.—Laserlight-brings—about—a—more—rapid—— |.__inerease in sorhtion which is already observable 30 min after _a_single ~.—__Gose of radiation. Furthermore, a sorbtion increase takes place reaching an almost 2-fold value with a successive decrease towards |__ the 6th day and loth day of action. — (Notes: _Mttotieter-temporai structure ina -dividing cell creating—— the-movement—ef—chromosemes—tewards 5 -its—poles_which—insures_their ——. _ equal distribution hetween the daughter cells... FED rocyte: red blood corpuscle. eritroblast: cell of bone marrow, Drecursor of red blood corpuscle. Nucleated, undergoes mitosis, grad- - ually develops hémoglobin.---Eads} ® « « CD > 0 > Ld D D cay Neretnen 2 alease 2000/08/07: CIA-RDP96,00787R0005000880T1 fk FF t Usip DEPAKTWENTS O Y —~¢ “Si hem —- ew a oe Wl