UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7 PAGE: 0022 THE NEW DEFENSIVE FORTIFICATIONS CAN BE PL ACED ON THE EARTH'S SURFACE IN TEMPERATURES BELOW 30 DEGREES C. THEY ARE INSULATED AGAINST EXTREME COLD AND ARE HIGHLY EFFICIENT IN PRESERVING HEAT. THE FACILITIES CAN BE USED FOR COMMAND AND CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, RESCUE WORK, CONCEALMENT, AS FIRING AND OBSERVATION POSTS, AND FOR MATERIAL PROTECTION PURPOSES. D. CHENGDU MR HEADQUARTERS AND GSD SURVEY AND MAPPING ACADEMY JOINTLY DEVELOP "3-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL CONTROL AUTOMATIC TERRAIN SHAPING SYSTEM" (LAD, 30 NOV). THE SYSTEM EMPLOYS SATELLITE PHOTO- GRAPHY AND ORDINARY TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS TO AUTOMATICALLY CREATE 3-DIMENSIONAL MODELS OF EXISTING TOPOGRAPHICAL AREAS. THE SYSTEM CAN ACCURATELY SHAPE THESE MODELS IN THE PROPER PROPORTIONS WITHIN 2 HOURS. IT PASSED TECHNICAL APPRAISAL TESTS IN CHENGDU ON 27 NOV. THE TERRAIN MODELS PRODUGED CAN BE USED IN "SAND TABLE TRAINING" AND IN PREPARING FOR ACTUAL MILITARY OPERATIONS. 11. DEFENSE CONFERENCES AND EXHIBITIONS A. HONG KONG JOURNALS CLAIM CHINESE SEEK HIGH TECH WEAPONRY IN CONJUNCTION WITH VISIT OF RUSSIAN VICE PREMIER TO BEIJING (FAR EAST ECONOMIC REVIEW, 12 NOV; SCMP, 12 AND 23 NOV). ALEXANDER ((SHOKHIN)), RUSSIAN VICE PREMIER IN CHARGE OF EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS, VISITED BEIJING IN NOV. HE WAS REPORTED TO HAVE MET WITH KEY MILITARY LEADERS AND CMC VICE CHAIRMAN, ((LIU)) HUAQING, TO DISCUSS CHINA'S DESIRES TO ACQUIRE ADVANCED RUSSIAN MILITARY TECHNOLOGY. SHOKHIN ALSO MET WITH THE HEAD OF THE COMMISSION ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INDUSTRY FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE (COSTIND), ((DING)) HENGGAO, AND GSD VICE CHIEF, ((CAO)) GANGCHUN. THE REVIEW HAS REPORTED THAT THERE WERE TWO SECRET RUSSIAN MILITARY INTELLIGENCE VISITS TO CHINA BEFORE THE SHOKHIN VISIT; AND THAT THE RUSSIANS HAVE ALREADY SOLD THE CHINESE MISSILE GUIDANCE AND ROCKET TECHNOLOGY AND ROCKET ENGINES AND SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES, INCLUDING THE 5300 AIR-DEFENSE MISSILE SYSTEM. SCMP SPECULATES THAT THE RUSSIANS HAVE AGREED TO SELL ADDITIONAL SU-27 (BEYOND THE 26 ALREADY ON ORDER) AND MIG-29 FIGHTERS TO CHINA, AS WELL AS NAVAL SURFACE COMBATANTS, DIESEL SUBMARINES, AND VARIOUS LAND WEAPONS. THE SALES COULD BE WORTH MORE THAN USD 3 BILLION AND HELP OFFSET OUTSTANDING CHINESE CREDITS TO RUSSIA OVER THE PAST YEAR. B. COSTIND PUBLISHES BOOK ON THE HISTORY OF UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7
UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7 PAGE : 0023 CHINA'S DEFENSE S AND T DEVELOPMENTS (NEW CHINA NEWS AGENCY, 17 NOV). THE BOOK, ENTITLED "NATIONAL DEFENSE S AND T IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA", WAS LAUNCHED BY CMC VICE CHAIRMAN LIU HUAQING AND OTHER MILITARY LEADERS DURING CEREMONIES AT THE GREAT HALL OF THE PEOPLE ON 17 NOV. THE BOOK CONTAINS OVER 800,000 CHARACTERS AND DESCRIBES THE TORTUOUS PATH OF DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA'S NUCLEAR WEAPONS, STRATEGIC MISSILES, MISSILE-EQUIPPED NUCLEAR SUBMARINES, MAN-MADE SATELLITES, AND CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS. THE BOOK INCLUDES DETAILS OF FACTUAL MISTAKES AND FRUSTRATIONS ENCOUNTERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS. C. CHINA HOSTS "1992 FOURTH NATIONAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE TRADE FAIR" IN BEIJING (PD, 23 NOV). OVER 100 ORGANIZATIONS DISPLAYED ABOUT 2,000 ITEMS OF SOFTWARE DURING THE FAIR, HELD FROM 18 TO 23 NOV. OVER 300,000 PEOPLE WERE INVOLVED IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE SHOWN AT THE FAIR, SOME OF WHICH WON INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL AWARDS. ANNUAL SALES OF SOFTWARE IN 1991 REACHED 120 MILLION YUAN, PLUS USD 10 MILLION IN EXPORTS AND USD 40 MILLION IN IMPORTS. COMMENTS: 1. (SOURCE COMMENTS) THE STATE EDUCATION COMMISSION HAS LAUNCHED A 10 YEAR "PROJECT 211" PROGRAM WHICH IT CLAIMS IS DESIGNED TO GIVE CHINA'S TOP 100 UNIVERSITIES "INTERNATIONAL STANDING" (PARA 3A). THE STATE IS APPARENTLY WILLING TO INVEST A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF ITS SCARCE EDUCATION FUNDS IN THE PROJECT, WHICH SEEMS TO HAVE SOMEWHAT EPHEMERAL GOALS. IT IS LIKELY THAT CHINA'S ELDERLY XENOPHOBIC LEADERS ARE HUMILIATED BY THE FACT THAT THE COUNTRY MUST SEND THOUSANDS OF ITS BRIGHTEST YOUNG PEOPLE TO JAPAN AND THE WEST TO BE EDUCATED IN ADVANCED S AND T; AND TH AT MANY OF THESE STUDENTS REFUSE TO RETURN TO THE MOTHERLAND AFTER THEY HAVE EXPERIENCED REAL FREEDOM OF THOUGHT. "PROGRAM 211" IS PROBABLY INTENDED TO ESTABLISH THE STATURE OF CHINA'S TOP UNIVERSITIES ON A PAR WITH LEADING WORLD INSTITUTIONS SO THAT CHINA'S YOUTH CAN STAY HOME AND GET A USEFUL EDUCATION. THIS WILL REQUIRE LARGE NUMBERS OF FOREIGN PROFESSORS TO PAY EXCHANGE TEACHING VISITS TO CHINESE UNIVERSITIES TO RAISE THE SCHOOLS' UNIVERSAL QUALIFICATIONS. THIS WILL ALSO BE ANOTHER WAY THAT CHINA CAN OBTAIN ACCESS TO ADVANCED WESTERN 5 AND T. 2. ((CHEN)) JINHUA, HEAD OF THE COMMISSION ON RESTRUCTURING THE ECONOMY, HAS PREPARED AN ARTICLE FOR PD IN WHICH HE CLEARLY OUTLINES FOUR CRITICAL STEPS THAT MUST BE TAKEN BY STATE-LEVEL DEPTS AND ENTERPRISES UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7
UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7 PAGE: 0024 IF CHINA'S VAUNTED ECONOMIC REFORM PROGRAM IS TO MOVE AHEAD EXPEDITIOUSLY (PARA 3B). CHEN'S RECOMMENDATIONS LEAVE NO DOUBT THAT GHINA HAS ENTERED A CRITICAL PERIOD IN THE REFORM PROCESS, DURING WHICH THE SHIFT TO THE MARKET ECONOMY MUST BE EMBRACED AND ANY RETRENCHMENT OR STEPS BACKWARD COULD FATALLY DAMAGE THE REFORM MOVEMENT ITSELF. HOWEVER, MANY LEADING CHINESE ECONOMISTS FEAR THAT THE SPC, THE BULWARK OF THE OLD PLANNED AND CENTRALLY REGULATED ECONOMY, IS FILLED WITH LEADERS WHO ARE RELUCTANT TO GIVE UP THE OLD SYSTEM (PARA 3D). THESE PEOPLE HAVE WORKED UNDER THE PLANNED ECONOMY so LONG THAT THEY DO NOT BELIEVE IN OR UNDERSTAND THE BASIC PRECEPTS OF A MARKET ECONOMY. THEY ARE NOT ASSUAGED BY ECONOMIC REFORMISTS WHO GIVE THE REFORMS THE WARM-SOUNDING TITLE OF A "SOCIALIST MARKET ECONOMY". THE REFORMERS CHARGE THESE HARDLINERS WITH HAMSTRINGING THE ECONOMIC REFORMS CALLED FOR IN THE 8TII FYP AND WARN THAT, IF THESE OBSTACLE-MAKERS ARE NOT STOPPED, THE WHOLE REFORM PROCESS COULD FAIL. 3. IA'S OCT 92 EDITION HAS CONTINUED WITH ITS PROGRAM OF HAILING THE 40TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AERONAUTICS INDUSTRY BY PROFILING SOME OF THE KEY “THINK TANKS" AND RI'S RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE INDUSTRY. THE NANJING AERONAUTICAL INSTITUTE IS A GIGANTIC ORGANIZATION HOUSING A VAST NUMBER OF COLLEGES, DEPTS, SUBORDINATE RI'S, CENTERS AND ORGANS INVOLVED IN TRAINING CHINA'S NEW CROP OF SCIENTISTS WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY LEADING ITS AERONAUTICAL R AND D EFFORTS (PARA 5A). THE INSTITUTE IS KNOWN TO BE CARRYING OUT SOME OF CHINA'S MOST ADVANCED R AND D PROJECTS, INCLUDING DEVELOPMENT OF STEALTH TECHNOLOGY. IT ALSO HAS DESIGNED AND BUILT A WHOLE FAMILY OF SUPERLIGHT AIRCRAFT AS DESCRIBED IN PARA 5B. THE XIAN NORTHWESTERN POLYTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IS ALSO HUGE, AND COMMITTED TO BOTH TRAINING CHINA'S NEW CROP OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERS AND CARRYING OUT KEY R AND D PROJECTS IN THE FIELDS OF AUTOMATION AND CAD/CAM TECHNOLOGY (PARA 5C). THE BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS IS THE "MOTHER SCHOOL" FOR TRAINING MASI SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS (PARA 5D). IT ALSO UNDERTAKES KEY R AND D PROJECTS IN ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCES. THE UNIVERSITY'S SUCCESSES APPEAR ALMOST MONTHLY IN THE PACES OF CHINA'S S AND T JOURNALS. 4. CSN HAS PROFILED THE CSSC SENIOR ENGINEER RESPONSIBLE FOR DEVELOPING THE ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES (ECM) SYSTEMS FOUND ON PLA NAVY WARSHIPS (PARA 6A). ((FENG)) GUOHUA IS ABOUT 50 YEARS OLD AND HAS BEEN WORKING ON NAVAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE SYSTEMS FOR ABOUT 12 YEARS. HE APPARENTLY WAS A RADAR UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7
UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7 PAGE: 0025 TECHNICIAN FOR THE FIRST HALF OF HIS CAREER AFTER GRADUATING FROM UNIVERSITY. THE CHINESE ARE NOT THOUGHT TO HAVE ADVANCED ECM SYSTEMS; BUT FENG SHOULD HAVE A GOOD MANY MORE YEARS TO CARRY OUT R AND D AT CSSC'S NUMBER 11 RESEARCH OFFICE IN ORDER TO COME UP WITH MORE ADEQUATE EQUIPMENT. SG1B UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400400003-7
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