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CPYRGHT
.
tovoy and Parkhomov
(
field with an intensity of
up to
calorimeter to
an
electr<°stati
_ 2 tesla . The operators
(i.e.,
10 4 V/m, nor to a magnetic
ce
the
target
system)
were
individuals
who
attempt
the
device;
some long-distance
located at from 0.5 to
ta
f:r
Mosc0w
to
Sofia)
were
also
tests
(Moscow
to
Novosibi:Orator was to change the temperature
conducted.
The task of thet oper t
in temperature observed
relative to the control periods.
C“a
^
10-3oc__a change of over 10
in these tests were of: the> ordex of 2^.10 ^
consid
9 red
a
u hit »
mV on the
output
of
-the
in the experiment between Moscow
(Fig.
2.2).
In one of the seri
,
4,000
km),
out
of
eight
and Novosibirsk
(at
a distanc
<
8 x
10"4
(Poisson's dis
trials,
six
''hits'' were
n^ trials
P during this experiment ,
there
tribution).
In nine controi ^ri
long-distance
experiment,
was
one
"hit,"
P
VJ” “
re
13 trials with
"hits."
We
between Moscow and Sofia,
J?e
|ssuming
the
previously
stated
compute
a
p-value
of
•
.
series
(within
Moscow,
i.e.,
background
rate.
In
of
trials,
"hits"
were
distances
of
up
to
km
) ^ ^t^ ^ tQ be carefuiiy designed,
recorded
(p
< 5.5 x 10
)•
artifacts that might provide
an
and there
seem to be no
PP
tion
to
these
results.
Using
the
alternative
(non-psi)
thal
1984), we compute a combined
pss.i.-SK
Nonetheless" "heir "results appear quite robust.
2.2.
"Distant influence"
on Electric Noise Generators
,
pTmeriments
conducted
by
Gurtovoy
and
Another
series
of
e3^^® *ra_low frequency electric, noise
Parkhomov
(1191,
1992)
in7° 1
=nd enhancement-mode MOS-transistors,
generators,
such as bipolar and «^™uctors .i
a noise
signal
micro-circuits,
and polycrystal
bandWidth of
less than
0.1
Hz.
was amplified and filtered wit* “
were located inside
a
The generator,
amplifier,
P
iods
they observed an "order-
shielded enclosure
During t«tp«n£^ ^y^ ^ backgr
d of
ing effect"
(Fig.
2.3),
J- . e
_.
,
t:“®
ulsations , with a period of
an unordered noise signal of p
^
P
and the
subsequent
"dis-
several
seconds to hundreds °\ sec°
i
nd
na\^
Other effects observed
solving"
of them within the n°is® . S ffminishinq pulsations of tens
included the occurrence of
amplitude of the
°f
ise
C
?Fig
fc
2 t)for
3e
a s?r™g g?ow
e
th of the amplitude of the noise
3SSb
{52’ time of the effect
(Fig.
2.5).
Usually, during the t®sV t
d
"0
there^as^h^lack of a
correlation of?he sig^Ils fh the usual sense, that it was possible
I These are similar to the random number generator experiments
in the West.
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to observe in different channels the
shift in time) appearance of P°^
als
P
a simultaneous reduction
different period; sometimestherewasal^o
srm
oned when
an
operato^°simultauaeously^
microcalorimeter
and
electric noise generator
(Fig.
2.4).
wKwl
mm
<5
npcjirm of the screened microcalorimeter.
Fig -
^--alass
3 and 5—shells,
4—thermistor,
1—Dewar Flask,
2—glass,
a
i ce
6—temperature stable resistor, 7—melting ice.
26.03 86
CTOS', pciuevop
Fig.
2.2.
Fragment of
a nojnd of ^^UsSig^oonSol^wSh
3“
fhe
rS
the temperature.
The distance
J
fooling.
The operator
tor is 0.5
m, 3—second “effect,
aimed at
c
from the detec-
^rtVVp^Te'ft
oTtu^ on the electric heater.
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::
ljJE20t
:2t&
;
;
t=20c
4.02 •m
:-i rra
\ 22oj
.
k
pr-
( T 1
"
:
...
{•
f-T-t-
..
+_ j
i
Ficr .
2.3.
Example of a record of the signal which contains a long
pocket
of
oscillations
within
a
period
of
sec.
The
noise
generator is the
1LB201 microcircuit.
rtpmpuKnp
CTaS. prwrrtp
H.0S.&6
Fig.
2.4.
Suppression
of
the
noise
of
a microcircuit
1LB201
and
fluctuations of the microcalorimeter signal during a test with the
operator Valery V. Avdeyev.
1—establishing of "contact’
with the
detector;
2—first "effect"
(the operator enters into the state of
"complete
calm"),
3—second
"effect"
(strong
excitement),
an
attempt
of
the
operator
M.
Nikolayev
from
an
adjacent
boom
to
mentally stimulate V.V.
Avdeyev.
HAE201y /
/ / /
?:
|
iHUH
*
t
[
t
’1 min.
/ / / zl off <fi
Fig.
2.5.
Amplitude growth of the noise signal at the time of the
"effect"
of the operator
P.
The noise source
is a
1LB201 micro-
circuit
(MOS transistors).
The time
of the
"effect"
is noted by
the horizontal line.
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The most important question
is:
what
is the probability of
these’,^ertd" segment,
evaluation £
' this study more difficult.
On the other hand,
the
"orderina”^ influence of the mind was hypothesized mother experi-
ments
such as the attempted influence on background radioactivi y
conduitl^by Dean Radin
P
(1992),
who concluded that
consciousness
essentially
" injects order"
into random systems
(p.
148).
2.3.
An Independent Replication of the Tests of
"Mental
Influence" on Electric Noise Generators
Two other researchers in Moscow, Kornilov and Rayevsky (1991),
undertook^ an independent replication of the study of an °P®tator' s
iSf?Sen?e oS infrl-low frequency electric noise generators
In the
4-ost
series,
semiconductor
generators
of
flicker
nois
bipolar transistors,
insulated-gate
akeTXcSrin
tpfft^
ohotoresistors )
were placed m
a brass peaxer wnicn,
x
turn
was placed in a Dewar flask.
Amplifiers of the channels ha
independent
power
sources
with
precision
micropower
voltage
regulators.
Reliable screening and ^|™ost^“tmer1ients,
an
sensors
and the amplifiers was^provided
.
. ^urmg *£•»>ents,^
blwaffLsk
S
I°nsome trials,
the operator was in a separate room
from the apparatus.
more than 50 pilot tests with different operators,
only in
two
Ssts
werS
anomalous
changes
of
flicker-norse
amplitude
observed
According to Kornilov and Rayevsky, the probability that
^heSrilictuatTons of noise amplitude occurred by chance
is close
to
ID-*.
The researchers “^^that^i^ the^rocess
described* in^he^tudy by Gurtovoy and Parkhomov
(
>
t™£
peculiarities^of
r
the* tranSrs-•
be^vio'r d^/t^operators;
peculiarities
oj.
°
...
paf-F^cts
because
the
mechanism
of
calculating the probability of obtaining such events by chance is
fairly
subjective.
According
°
' observed
* during ""the
"flat"
line
shown m
Fig.
2.4
was
never
ouseivcu
y
background periods
.
in
the
spring
of
1993,
Kornilov
and
Rayevsky
conducted
a
successful replication of their pilot
study.
It should be noted
bha^in these tests the researchers observed not
311st small statis-
tical changes,
but rather clear ^cro-effects in
controlled condition8
Since, such
r
n°
a
t
nt
°0C
t
U
o
r
mine
possibir sources
of
subtle
artifacts,
because
the
statistics
of
H rare
events are not well understood.
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3.
"Distant Influence " on Biological Systems
t
3.1.
Introduction
In
this
section,
we
discuss
studies
conducted
by
several
individuals we met while in Russia:
the above-mentioned Dr. Georgy
K.
Gurtovoy and Alexander G.
Parkhoraov,
Dr.
Sergei V.
Speransky of
the Institute of Hygiene in Novosibirsk and Leonid M. Porvm of the
Center
for
Research
of
Bioinformational
Unity
of
Systems
in
Zelenograd (near Moscow),
Dr. Tatyana Krendeleva and her associates
of Moscow State University,
Dr.
Elvira V.
Morozova of the Russian
Agricultural
Academy
in
Moscow,
as
well
as
experiments
of
psychiatrist Dr. Dmitri G. Mirza and biophysicist Dr. Yuri S. Dolm
in Moscow.
A broad range of biological target systems,
from tissue
cultures
to
plants,
animals,
and
humans,
were
used
in.
these
experiments.
For some
studies,
we provide more detailed discrip—
tions than for others,
depending on the amount of information
at
our disposal and the availability of the original sources to other
researchers.
If the original is a hard-to—find publication m the
Russian language,
or we describe the studies from pre—publication
copies
of
manuscripts,
or
we
base
our
discussion
on
personal
interaction
with
the
researchers,
we
attempt
to
address
the
methodologies and obtained results in a greater length.
3.2.
Bio-PK Experiments with Cellular Cultures
Biologists Dr.
Tatyana Krendeleva and Sergei
I.
Pogosyan and
their
associates
at
the
Division
of
Biophysics,
Department
of
Biology, Moscow State University, conducted several studies on the
effects of operators on animate and inanimate systems
(Nikoiayev,
et al.,
1993; Pogosyan,
et al.,
1993).
In one study, the operator
(Igor
B.
Verbitsky)
attempted
to
increase
the
chemiluminescence
response of peritoneal neutrophils of mice after the .introduction
of latex,
a standard cell activity promoter.
Neutrophils are cells
which take part in providing immune homeostasis of the body.
The
activity of cells was estimated from the magnitude of parameter K
=
(A-F)/F,
were
F
=
the
cells'
chemiluminescence
level
in
the
absence
of
latex,
and A
=
the
cells'
maximum
chemiluminescence
level after the introduction of latex.
For
18 tests,
F^.est/Fcontro ^
= 61.5% ± 11.8% and
rol = 186.1% ±23.9%.
In other words,
in
test
trials,
the
base
level
of
chemiluminescence
decreased
approximately by 40%,
as compared to the
. control; while the effec-
tiveness
of
the
cells
'
chemiluminescence
stimulation
by
latex
increased by
about
80%.
Thus,
according
to. Krendeleva
and
her
associates ,
the operator
' s effect apparently increases capability
of
the
cells
to
respond
to
a
standard
stimulator,
latex,
by
an
increase in their production of active forms of oxygen. The results
look suggestive
of
bio—PK
effects,
but
our
lack
of knowledge
of
details
of the experiment and possible sources of artifacts pre-
cludes definite conclusions.
Additional studies conducted by Dr.
Krendeleva and her associates will be summarized in section 3.11.
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