Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Abd al-Salam Jaffud, number-two man in the
Libyan Government
In the Middle East the Libyans continue to support a wide
range of terrorist groups:
• The ANO— which has conducted over
1 00 terrorist
attacks resulting
in the deaths of more than 280 people
and the wounding of over 650 since its founding—
continues to receive significant Libyan support. The
group is headquartered in Tripoli, and Libya provides the
ANO with major training facilities and several million
dollars annually.
• Qadhafi provided well over $1 million to Ahmed Jabril's
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General
Command in 1990. The group was responsible for the
bombings of two US military trains in Germany in 1987
and 1988.
• Elements of the PLF remain based in Libya and receive fi-
nancial and logistic support from the Libyan Government.
The group has a long history of terrorist attacks, including
the hijacking of the cruise ship Achille Lauro in October
1 985, which resulted in the murder of a wheelchair-bound
American tourist on board, and the previously mentioned
attack on a Tel Aviv beach.
• Libya also funds Sa’iqa and elements of the Palestine
Islamic Jihad.
Libyan support for non-Palestinian groups has become
increasingly selective. The main criterion appears to be the
degree to which a group demonstrates a capability and
willingness to attack Libya’s enemies worldwide, including
US and other Western targets.
In Europe, Libya maintains ties to the PIRA, despite
Qadhafi’s claim earlier this year to have ended support for
the group. The Libyans have contact with the Kurdish
separatist group, the PKK, which has conducted numerous
terrorist attacks against Turkish targets.
A principal recipient of Libyan financing in Asia is the
Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its military
wing, the New People’s Army (NPA)
, which has killed 10
Americans since 1987. The Libyans have provided at least
$7 million to the CPP/NPA since 1987.
In Latin America, the Libyans continue to search out
groups willing to kill Americans. For example, last year
Tripoli paid the Haitian Liberation Organization over
$20,000 to carry out an attack against the US Embassy in
Port-au-Prince; the group, however, failed to accomplish
its mission. Libya has unsuccessfully tried to recruit the
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front in El Salvador to
conduct anti-Western attacks in return for money.
The Libyans also maintain contact with other terrorist
groups in the region, including the Costa Rican Juan Santa
Maria Patriotic Organization, Tupac Amaru Revolutionary
Movement in Peru, and the Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic
Front in Chile.
The Anti-Imperialism Center (AIC) —also known as
Mathaba— is used by the Libyan Government to support
terrorist networks and thus plays an important role in
Qadhafi's terrorism strategy. Established in 1982 to sup-
port “liberation and revolutionary groups,” the AIC has
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Wreckage of UTA Flight 772
sponsored a number of stridently anti-Western confer-
ences in Tripoli. At the same time, the AlC’s mission
is to
identify and recruit revolutionaries for ideological and
military training in Libya. During their training at AIC
camps, individuals are selected for advanced training,
including in weapons and explosives, and indoctrination.
The AIC is headed by Musa Kusa, a Qadhafi confidant who
is also Libya’s Deputy Foreign Minister. With represen-
tatives in many Libyan embassies worldwide, the AIC runs
its own independent clandestine operations and disburses
payments to terrorist, insurgent, and subversive groups.
Training
Colonel Qadhafi continues to train Middle Eastern, African,
Asian, and Latin American terrorist and dissident organiza-
tions at camps in Libya, including Tripoli. The largest
training camps include:
• A I Qalah
. About 100 kilometers southwest.of Tripoli,
it is
the principal ANO facility in Libya. Over the past year the
ANO has significantly expanded the size of the camp.
• Seven April Training Camp. Located about 9 kilometers
from Tripoli, the facility provides training
in terrorism and
subversion to Africans and Latin Americans, as well as to
Libyan military personnel.
• .Sidi Bilal Port Facility. Terrorists who carried out the May
1990 seaborne attack against Israel were trained here.
• Bin Ghashir. Just south of Tripoli,
it has been used to
train dissidents from Africa, Asia, and Latin America in
terrorist/guerrilla tactics.
• Ras al Hilal. Palestinian terrorist groups have trained at
this facility.
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
The Case of UTA Flight 772
On 30 October 1991 a French magistrate issued interna-
tional arrest warrants against four Libyan officials for their
role in the bombing of UTA Flight 772 in September
1989. The flight , which was bound from Brazzaville,
Congo
, to Paris via Ndjamena, Chad, exploded over the
desert in southeastern Niger, killing all 171 passengers
and crewmembers . Seven Americans, including the wife
of the US Ambassador to Chad, were among the
passengers. In addition to the warrants against Abdallah
Sanussi
( a relative of Qadhafi and second in command
of Libya's intelligence services), Nayli Ibrahim (one of
Sanussi's subordinates), Abd Al-Azragh, and Abbas
Musbah (a representative of the Libyan services in
Brazzaville), the judge issued international lookout
notices against Musa Kusa
(head of the AIC and Deputy
Foreign Minister) and Abd al-Salam Zadma. According
to the charges, Al-Azragh, the First Secretary at the
Libyan People's Bureau in Brazzaville, Congo, recruited
three Congolese to plant a suitcase bomb on the flight
and provided them with the device. Two of the three are
now in jail—one in Congo and one in Zaire.
Outlook for Involvement in Terrorism
Terrorism is an important instrument of Libyan foreign
policy. Libya will use terrorism to further its agenda,
particularly when Colonel Qadhafi believes he can plausibly
deny involvement. Gadhafi's use and support of terrorism
as an instrument of policy belie efforts to persuade the
world that he does not sponsor terrorist acts. Libyan
officials responsible for acts of terrorism remain in senior
government positions. Last year Qadhafi appointed Ibra-
him Bishari, the head of the Libyan intelligence service and
a key player in Libyan terrorist attacks in the 1980s, as
Libya’s Foreign Minister.
Musa Kusa , Director of the Anti-imperialism
Center, which organizes Libyan support for
radical groups worldwide
How Libya Funds Terrorists
The Libyans use a variety of mechanisms
to finance terrorist groups:
• Tripoli frequently passes money to terrorists who train
in -country. Virtually ail terrorist oper-
atives who are trained in Libya receive, at
a minimum, travel money and a small
stipend for personal expenses.
• Libyan People's Bureaus and the Anti-Imperialism
Centers are used to transfer funds to
terrorists.
• Radical Palestinian groups often receive Libyan funding
through bank accounts, particularly in
the Middle East.
• On rare occasions the Libyans have used couriers to
deliver money to terrorist organizations;
the transfer usually occurs in a third
country.
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9
Libyan Training Camps
Libya has trained Pafestinian and other terrorists in-
country since the early 1970s. In addition to the principal
facilities in and around Tripoli, over the past two
decades , the Libyans have operated smaller training
camps dispersed throughout their country. On some
occasions, terrorists are trained at Libyan military bases .
For example, in 1988 members of the radical Palestinian
group, the Popular Struggle Front, trained at an Air Force
base in the Aouzou region. Members of the Popular Front
for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command also
are known to have trained in Libyan military camps.
Non-Palestinian groups that have received training in
Libya in recent years include the Ecuadorian Alfaro Vive,
Carajo organization , Colombia’s M-19, the Haitian Liber-
ation Organization, the Chilean Manuel Rodriguez Patri-
otic Front, the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of
Armenia, and the Japanese Red Army.
Trainees from Asia, Latin America, and Africa often go to
Libya legally, usually pretending to be students
. Some-
times, Third World nationals travel to Libya for what they
believe to be legitimate schooling, such as technical or
religious training. When they arrive, however, they find
themselves met at the airport by soldiers, placed on a
truck, and transported to a terrorist/dissident training
camp. Those students hostile to Libyan overtures are
summarily deported and branded as unworthy students.
Extremists travel to Libya using other methods as well.
For example, radicals from Mauritius traveled to Tripoli in
1987, ostensibly to attend a youth conference. Instead,
they went to a terrorist training camp.
Foreign Minister Ibrahim Bishari. As head of
the Libyan External Security organization—
Tripoli's primary external intelligence
service—in the 1980s, he oversaw Libyan acts
of terrorism.
Approved For Release 2004/12/17
: CIA-RDP96-00789R001 001 430004-9