Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R000600040004-4
* relationship to the development
of new nu-
clear warheads
(municipal
transportation,
kindergartens,
and much more belong
to the
institute and are served by
its
'employ-
ees'),
or work
in
an experimental
plant
that belongs
to the institute or
in other
purely technical
positions.
However,
in the opinion of the
leading
developers,
no more than 200 of the best
theoretical
physicists,
who have managed
over their years of work to become fairly
diversified specialists,
plus
about 200 of
the leading research designers,
know the
entire nuclear weapon development process
and actually could,
if they wished,
aid the
proliferation of nuclear weapons outside
Russia's borders,
Besides Arzamas-16,
nuclear warheads
are also constructed
at Chelyabinsk-70,
home of the All-Union Scientific Research
Institute of Theoretical
Physics
(VNIITF)
(Chelyabinsk-70
has
a population of 40,000,
15,000 of whom work
at the
institute.
The
director
is Vladimir Nechay,
and the
re-
search director
is Yevgeniy Avrorin).
Arzamas-16,
the aboriginal
city of the
nuclear archipelago,
is
the most diversi-
fied of the closed cities:
scientific
re-
search
(some of
it totally
'open')
is per-
formed there,
serially produced and experi-
mental
warheads,
as well
as
some other
'products'
are assembled,
and there
is
(as
they
say)
even one
(at
least)
nuclear reac-
tor.
The other nuclear cities
are special-
ized
industrial
centers
that together form
a complete cycle of nuclear production.
Warhead assembly was once specially split
among various
regions,
to make
it harder
for the Americans
to cover
it
all
at once
with
several
missiles.
Zlatoust-36,
Sverd-
lovsk-45,
Arzamas-16,
and Penza-19
(the
smallest,
the newest,
and
until
recently
one of the most secret cities of the archi-
pelago).
Besides
an
instrument
factory,
Penza-19 contains
a Scientific Research
and
Design
Institute for Radio and Electronic
Equipment
(NIKIRET),
but
as the name sug-
gests,
it also solves
largely practical
problems,
unlike the theoretical
VNIIEF and
VNIITF.
Nevertheless,
many cities have
branches of the leading
institutes.
Now,
of
13 plutonium reactors,
only
four remain operational
today:
one
in
Tomsk-7
and three
in the underground Kras-
noyarsk-26.
At the same time,
the Ministry of
Atomic
Energy has proposed using the major-
ity of the $400 million allocated by the
U.S.
Congress
to aid the CIS to dismantle
nuclear weapons
and create
a reliable stor-
age facility for the plutonium that would
be freed from the disassembled warheads.
Incidentally,
the most
likely site of the
storage facility
is Krasnoyarsk-26.
This year,
two more underground
reac-
tors
in Krasnoyarsk-26 are to be shut
down,
but the
last underground reactor
in that
marvelous city will
probably
still
be oper-
ated
for a
long time,
since
in
addition
to
plutonium,
it also produces heat and elec-
tricity for Krasnoyarsk-26
(the world's
only underground nuclear power plant).
(A photograph of
V.
Belugin
is
given.)
(SNAP 920922)
*
*
*
*
Author:
Yakimets,
Vladimir, of the Russian
Academy of Sciences'
Institute for Systems
Analysis
Title:
QUESTIONS ABOUT CLEAN-UP OF NUCLEAR
INDUSTRIAL SITES.
STORAGE OF NUCLEAR WASTES
Primary Source:
Nezavisimaya gazeta,
July
2,
1992,
No.
124
(295),
p.
4,
cols.
1-4
Abstract:
The author discusses
steps being
taken
to improve nuclear safety and envi-
ronmental
protection.
He states
that,
while
a
U.S.
program to restore the envi-
ronment
and modernize the military-indus-
trial
complex
is expected to cost
about
150
billion dollars over
a period of 30 years,
Russian nuclear experts
have proposed the
allocation of over
3 billion rubles
(less
than 30 million dollars)
between now and
2010 for the improvement of personnel
safe-
ty,
environmental
protection
and disposal
of radioactive wastes.
The author believes
enterprises
in the Russian military-indus-
trial
complex to be no
less contaminated
than their American counterparts,
and
doubts that these funds
are sufficient
to
clean them
up.
He suggests that
resources
that are now being expended for testing be
redirected to these purposes.
The author also expresses doubt
as
to
whether Arzamas-16 and Chelyabinsk-70,
which have taken on the problem of disman-
tling the warheads being eliminated
in the
CIS,
possess modern facilities
for storing
Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R000600040004-4
Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R000600040004-4
'weapons-grade plutonium.
He concludes
that
great
financial
and
labor resources
are
re-
quired
in order to resolve the questions
of
full-scale recycling
and safe storage of
fissile materials.
(SNAP 920922)
*
*
*
*
Author:
Tokarenko,
Ye.,
correspondent
(Novosibirsk)
Title:
LASER DIAGNOSTIC AND TREA TMENT
EQUIPMENT SHOWN. A I
"MEDFARM-92" EXHTbTTION
Primary Source:
TiecTitsTrisltaya gazeta,
’July
10,
1992,
No.
(5279),
p.
2,
cols.
1-3
Extract:
The alliance of the
Institute of
Thermophysics oi the Russian Academy of
Sciences'
Siberian Division
and the
Insti-
tute of Clinical
and Experimental
Medicine
of the Russian Academy of Medical
Sciences'
Siberian Division was
a genuine sensation
of the
"Medfarm-92"
international
exhibi-
tion,
held
in Novosibirsk:
the Novosibirsk
physicists had developed the
IKEM system of
instruments unparalleled
in the world,
com-
prising the equipment of
a
laser diagnosis
and radiation therapy office.
One piece of
equipment,
based on
a powerful
semiconduc-
tor
laser,
enables the doctor,
based
on
the
state of a patient's
skin,
temperature and
type of respiration,
to display changes
in
the air density field
on
a screen.
In oth-
er words,
the biological
aura generated by
a person,
from which the doctor can highly
accurately determine the condition of his
internal
organs
and systems.
By the way,
this
instrument
is capable of disclosing
all
the
ins
and outs of faith
healers,
that
is,
objectively recording the nature of the
effect on people and the fact of
its
pres-
ence.
After all,
their certification
has
been
at
issue for
a
long time.
The system also includes
a
laser acu-
puncture unit with
six waveguides,
a
laser
instrument
for express diagnosis
(in only
a
few seconds)
of blood,
and
so
on.
Scien-
tists from the two academies
have created
an association of optical
and
laser tech-
nologies
in medicine,
biology and ecology.
What they offer
is not
laboratory setups,
but
industrially produced
instruments.
(A photograph showing
laser diagnostic
equipment,
developed by the
Institute of
Thermophysics of the Russian Academy of
Sciences'
Siberian Division,
is qiven.)
(SNAP 920922)
y
*
*
*
*
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should be addressed
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Attn:
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WPAFB,
OH 45433-6508
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ernment agencies and their designated con-
tractors.
Approved For Release 2000/08/09
: CIA-RDP96-00792R000600040004-4