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PUBLICATION TITLE:
SUBJECT TITLE:
ZIRAN ZAZHI
[Nature Journal]
PROCESSES
IN SENSING FIGURES ON CRUMPLED AND ROLLED-UP
PAPER USING SPECIAL INDUCTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE HUMAN
BODY
AUTHORS:
Shao Shaoyuan,
et
al .
Young children who possess special inductive functions of the human
body can recognize writing and figures on crumpled and rolled-up paper with-
out using their eyes,
but by using their ears and other parts
6f their bodies.
This recognition mechanism is more complex and more difficult
to understand
than the mechanism of recognizing writing and figures on flat paper.
When
studying the process of sensing figures using special inductive functions of
the human body, we discovered mny indications
that helped us to understand
the mechanisms of recognizing patterns on crumpled paper.
For example, when
using folded paper for testing,
some testees demonstrated that
they sensed
figures that were at first spread out
flat,
and then after a while they were
again folded;
in February of 1980, when Xiaofeng was working with the charac-
ter
" written on a crumpled piece of paper,
she first sensed a curved and
crooked stroked "#r," but then the crooked strokes slowly straightened out
into
the character
» ±
In order
to investigate the mechanism of sensing
patterns on crumpled paper, we examined separately patterns for crumpled paper
by eight young children with different special inductive functions.
All to-
gether
tests were carried out on the process of subjectively sensing fig-
ures when the paper was rolled up.
Test Results of Crumpled Paper
We cut up several sheets of approximately
4 cm2
into different shapes
and wrote characters or figures on the pieces.
Then we crumpled the paper
without using any special method into small balls with diameters
of about
mm.
During the tests, we randomly selected
a piece of crumpled paper and
.
placed
it on the external auditory canal of a testee and asked the testee
o
tell us
or draw out
the process
of subjectively sensing the characters or
figures on the paper in their auditory canal.
After the crumpled paperwas
placed
in the external auditory canal,
its position was not changed.
The hands
of
the testees did not come into contact with the crumpled paper.
The tests
were carried out separately and each testee independently gave an account
of
the process
of sensing the figures.
Below we present the accounts of several
of
the testees:
Xiaoli
(female,
11 years
old).
After the crumpled paper was placed in
her external auditory canal
for several minutes,
she sensed the figure on the
crumpled piece of paper
in her brain and spread it out.
After several minutes
this spread-out figure rolled up
into a ball again and several minutes later
this closed ball of paper appeared in her brain and repeatedly opened
out.
Afterwards,
it closed upjagain.
During each test, Xiaoli could open up and
close the paper with the figures several times
in her brain.
At first
it
opened only partially but afterwards
it gradually expanded,
and then finally
the figure on the entire piece of paper opened up.
At the 3ame time,
each
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time the figure on
the paper opened up and appeared,
Xiaoli could recognize
part
of the contents written on the crumpled paper;
at first
the strokes
of
these characters and figures were crooked, but after the paper was opened up
the strokes gradually straightened out.
When the paper was completely spread
out, Xiaoli was able
to tecognize the different shapes on the paper.
After
the figures on the paper opened out and closed for the last
time,
they did
not open up again after
a short period of time.
Xiaopu
(female,
11 years
old)
.
Her sensing process of figures on
paper was similar to that of Xiaoli.
Her special characteristic was that
the crumpled paper opened up and closed many times.
Several seconds after
the paper opened up
it closed,
and several seconds after
it closed,
the paper
opened up again.
With
this alternation of opening and closing,
the time of
each opening of the figure gradually lengthened.
When
it lengthened to more
than ten seconds
or several tens
of seconds,
the figures on the paper were
completely spread out and she could recognize the characters and figures on
the paper.
After the final opening up of the crumpled paper,
clear figures
could be maintained in her brain for several minutes without closing up or
disappearing.
Xiaohong
(female,
13 years
old)
.
After the crumpled paper was placed
in her external auditory canal,
at
first
there appeared figures on the crum-
pled piece of paper,
and afterwards the figures on the "loosened ball" of
paper gradually opened up.
Yet,
as soon as the paper opened out,
the figures
on the paper disappeared and afterwards only independent characters and
figures appeared.
Xiaofeng
(female,
12 years old).
The special characteristic of her sens-
ing of figures was
that
there was no appearance of figures on the paper.
There was only the appearance of character forms of "crooked
to flattened
out," such as j\\ * As
When characters were written on colored paper,
the
color of the paper could appear but not
the shape of
the paper.
We can see from the test results
of
the four above-mentioned testees
that the process of sensing crumpled paper
is always a process
in which the
figures
in space open up into plane figures.
This type of opening-up process
can be accomplished completely
in one attempt,
and it can also occur gradually
after many repeated attempts.
We also observed similar situations among other
tested children.
Table
1 gives some cases of the sensing of figures on crum-
pled paper.
Test Results
of Rolled-up Samples
We used a rectangular piece of paper
1 cm wide
and
6 cm long with two
ends cut into different shapes.
We used a color pen
to write characters
or
symbols on the paper,
rolled up
the paper
into a ball with a diameter of
4 mm,
and then used cotton thread
to bind it into a test sample.
The aim of using
the rolled-up sample for testing was
to examine whether or not
the opening
process when sensing rolled-up paper was similar
to that
of mechanically open-
ing a piece
of rolled-up paper.
Table
2 gives the results of several tests.
From the descriptions of Xiaoli and Xiaopu, when sensing characters and
figures on rolled-up paper,
there still occurred the process of repeated opening
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Table
1.
The
sensing
process
of
recognizing
figures
on
crumpled
paper.
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Table
2.
The
sensing
process
of
sensing
figures
on
rolled-up
paper
samples.
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