'
A'fflfflwaa nCT'Ragas6
'',^t/3myy(jg":xiA-RDpg6--uu/92K00UJUU^timrri
LN 725-83
and closing of the rolled-up paper.
When the rolled-up paper was still not
completely opened,
sometimes
appeared and sometimes
" appeared.
Moreover,
the figures on the rolled-up paper could rotate in the brain.
The
sequence
of
the appearance of the characters and figures on the rolled-up
paper sometimes
first appeared near the inside end of the pattern and some-
times appeared near the outside end
of the pattern.
Sometimes they also ap-
peared in the middle of the rolled-up paper.
This shows that
the opening
process of figures on rolled-up paper
is not related to the outside end
in
a rolled-up paper sample,
and
it
is also different from mechanically flatten-
ing out rolled-up paper with the hands.
After tests on recognizing crumpled and rolled-up paper samples, we
further noted that
the use of special inductive functions to sense samples
was completely different from using the eyes
to see things.
One eye perceived
the projection of an object
in space on a certain surface but could not dis-
criminate the projections of overlapping figures.
Special inductive func-
tions can be used
to sense three-dimensional objects
in space and can also
carry out more complex processing.
Based on the opening processes described
by the testees,
they are similar
to the repetitive grouping of figures
in
space by a computer.
The differences between the several testees
in their
sensing of figures are possibly related to the strengths of
their special
inductive functions.
Xiaofeng and Xiaohong participated in many special in-
ductive function tests and generally their functions were relatively strong,
so that after the sample was opened once
it could be clearly and completely
recognized.
When Xiaoli and Xiaopu participated in special inductive func-
tion tests which were conducted relatively late in the day,
their functions
were at an intermediate level and only after processing the samples many
times could they cause the figures of the sample
to advance from partially to
completely open.
Sometimes, Xiaoli was unable
to recognize completely and
clearly the test contents.
After the figure of the sample closed up
it did
not open again,
so that
it was best
to halt
the process.
This shows that
the level and sustained time of opening for the sample are related possibly
to the level of the special inductive function.
Based on the results of us-
ing multifolded samples,
as well as crumpled and rolled-up paper,
to examine
the sensing process of pictures by special inductive functions
in the human
body,
this type of sensing process
is not the mechanical copying of samples;
but
it
is rather a more complex process, whereby an existing weak signal
is
drawn from an interference background, 1 selection for recognition
is based
on the number of the layer,? and
the figures
in space open up to become plane
figures.
Today,
scientific techniques such as hologram photography,
fault
photography,
CT,
recombination of
figures
in
space,
etc., have already been
realized,
and an examination of the principles
of these scientific techniques
can perhaps help us
to understand the mechanisms of special inductive func-
tions
4 n the human body.
Moreover,
special inductive functions
in the human
body have possibly more profound significance than these modern scientific
and technological achievements
1 Wang Ghu,
et, al.
Ziran Zazhi
[Nature Journal],
Vol.
(1980),
p.
438.
2 Luo Liner,
et al.
Ziran Zazhi ,
Vol.
(1981),
p,
291.
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subject title:
batterh recoghitioh of the human body without using the eyes
AUTHOR:
Ye Ziquan (Institute of Biophysics,
Chinese Academy of
Sciences)
,
Since the publication of the ''Observation Kepot,: of
Recognition'"
in the Nature Jou^JZ±w ^hi]
the^^
ings and reports published in our 5°™“? *
”
recognize patterns without
confirm that some people possess the abi
y
J
^ny parts
of
using their eyes.
The facts prove that
cereal]a P®°P^
s
Ca
flat and ^olded
their body to discriminate colors,
charact
,
P
^ithout using their
objects,
and even pictures on
^/^stic, aluminum foil,
eyes.
Moreover,
they can penetrate
g
P
*
t^e pr0cess of sight-
copper
foil,
end various
md because images appear in the
less pattern recognition is relative y
orocess and results
of
forehead,
the testee can write or ora
y
abilities of the human body
their own perceptions.
Recognition,
itself
to observe the process
of sightless pattern re
&
This article treats the sightless pattern
'
human body,
including the recognit on o
flxing and turning during
recognition sequence,
the functio
p
£unction of measuring the angle,
recognition,
the function of
ori,station,
o£
8tudjr , Mklng con-
astu as the feeliAgs of vibration which occur during
recognition.
Methods
We used various colored characters,
br^he"
white paper
as the test samples.
were
testees had never come in contact
testees, while others were images which the testees naa
with.
1.
The test sample which was fi*td in direction,
“
e°^"
^
the U£t and
right'palme independently carried out sightless recognition.
,
te8t sample was open and flat or folded,
and
it was placed
directly on tL pfl. i"'a random'direction for sightless recognition.
3.
Certain protective screens
we used black paper wrapping;
t was p
2.
£t waB placed in a
thickness of
1 mm and dimensions of
:.
:
J
o£ 60 ^
8„d a
black resin ink box with wall thickness
or
z mm,
thickess of 0.2
height of
20 mm;
it was placed
in an aluminimb
^
±
wa8 rolled up
a pier
Jio“d container^in I'^STSi^tiS and the testee held the container in
his hands
for sightless recognition.
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ioaotrwm
Each sensation reported by the testee during the recognition process
was recorded by a tester or spoken out and written
dfiKft , by the testee.
Testees:
A (11 years
old,
female),
B
(10 years
old,
male),
C
(7 years
old,
female)
,
D
(5 years
old,
male).
Results and Discussions
1.
Observations of the Recognition Sequence
When the sightless pattern recognition functions occurred,
the testee
said he sensed
a light screen moving on his forehead and sensed one screen
after another of the figure disclosed.
One screen after another appeared
separately in a certain sequence, and finally he
sefiSed the appearance of the
entire figure.
The results are shown
in Table
1.
\
We can see'from the observations
that
the process
of sightless pattern
recognition of the human body
is a process with a certain sequence.
It can
divide the characters and figures into certain types of figure units,
such as
tt _
ii
ii
j
ii
"'y.",
"
*
"-I*", "X",
"3",
etc.
fo® recognition.
However,
it
is not carried out in sequence according to the strokes of Chinese charac-
ters.
Various shapes of screens are used for
test samples which are flat and
open,
folded and rolled.
After a testee recognizes the system and obtains
the test sample information,
he first differentiates the total contour,
color,
etc.
of the test sample and
then
separately processes the separate parts of
the characters.
For example,
"
"
is A +
Q.
"*%
aT ? "CUT
ls
'
F
fS,
"
i. "A - a
•»
ft
"*S
" is "* **•
l A
*7
"!
1 for sLaple characters f
the character
ft
"
is divided into the recognition pro
cess
of "A
+
The processes
of the two accounts by testees A and B
were the same for the recognition of the character "A
•"
is
interest
that testee A seemed
to enjoy searching from the protruding part Of the out-
side towards the center and setting up logical connections.
For example,
" ffc " was "|
+ Cl
,"
" g) " was
" Cl + A
+ Q " or
" 0
A
•
'
"EC" was "X
+ $
."
However,
testee B took even greyer delight
in pull-
ing together the strokes
in the same direction.
For example,
" Q. " w®8
"
l
t
O
=
* M
* 3 * *
,» and HR*, " was
-
y
^ v
+ 0
H-
-K -jjj-fr
."
Moreover,
the more strokes
in a certain
direction,
the earlier the*sensing occurs.
We call the method of testee A
the partial
to imitation type and the method of
c®^e^
i*16 Part i®i
to inference
type.
It
is very possible that the sequential sensinig-SK^ightless pattern
recognition by the human body truly reflects the relajpve speed processes of
the human brain
in dividing and discriminating pattern! information.
The dif-
ferences between
the methods of testees A and B are pbfcsibly related
to their
sexual distinctions,
individual characters,
ages,
educational levels,
and
other factors.
As regards the sensing of sequential recognitiqS^tjfre testees stated^
that when one "screen"
image flashed by and they stil^pm not clearly^'see"
it,
they could use their thoughts
to pull back the "screen" and "look"
at
it again.
That
is
to
say,
it
is controlled by one
' p ^^^gnpiousness .
The se-
quential image sensing of
the figure unit
is the result
the analysis of
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Table
1.
Observations
of
the sequence of sightless pattern recognition
in the human body
Testee
Screen
Test
sample
3olor BSI
R6£
Main account
(MA)
of
suits
MA
B
a
Red
Red
2 + - +
A
$
Blue
Blue
P,
+
-f-
or
-* 0 -*
B
*
Blue
Blue 2-
+
A
Blue
Blue
(
+
B
T
Black
Black ——
-*
| -
A
£
Blue
Blue
(
-*
» A
A
£
Blue
Blue
-*
A
Aluminum
box
A
Gray
Black
B
Ink box
*
Red
Red
,
A
Imitation
leather
k
Gray
Black
/{,
->
mm
%
Blue
Blue
—•
-+ — -+A *
Cardboard
box
fj
Blue
Blue
J
-y ~J +
SB
2aa
Blue
Blue A
-*• 0 -y
Ink box
Black
Black
^ d ^
A
Glass tube
n
Blue
Rolled
up
Blue y
+
li w
Cardboard
box
ic
Blue
Blue
'
-*
y
li
Ink box
Black
Black k
B
In a quilt
with light
put out
%\)SL
Blue
JLrh
.
Blue
Blue
One strip of "three
characters" with
sep-
arations
in between
them.
i + \ -» •— +
1 + “*
-* 'fT *'$' -y^t
-y ^
->
/
-*
-* -yji
-y
X.
r
Note:
Where there are blanks
for the screen
items,
the test sample was placed
directly into the palm and the direction of the test sample
s position
was random.
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the picture by the human brain,
and it
is also a reflection of
speed processes of the analysis
of the figure.
However,
the_ intjgj
cf
the final results
is the data and results of people
s hlgh-|jg
d i s, ^ r iminat ion
.
Relative
lT display
central
Position Fixing and Turning Functions
For figures with axial symmetry or which are non-syt^pf|$^|^we aimed
them directionally
in the direction of
the testee' s middle Jingeip^ne
s '*r“
face of
the figure faced the center of the palm,
and the W|.
h*nd
palms or clenched fists separately carried out sightless
pTOfieSBfilg .
Testee
A was tested with 18 figures,
in each of her hands;
testee B was
tested
with
figures,
in each of his hands, and he carried
,
t
tests.
The testees said that when they "saw" the figure
screen
on their
foreheads,
they used the middle finger as the topAfidtIl”*tlSt as
the bottom.
It was the same as "seeing"
the figure right in front of
the
forehead.
When the hands were lowered or level,
or when the PMtpLM®
standing,
sitting,
and lying down,
there was no influence
gfe
direction of the figure.
It was as
if the eyes were
P?ltos
.
of the hands,
the head was pointed toward the tip of the
»
the
feet were facing the wrists,
and the face was looking toward the figure.
See Fig.
1 for the results.
• "
'
'
| palms
itn
the
ignre .
.
The results
of
the' observations show that
the sight l|jjL%#|
nition functions
of
the human body have directional ab ili
,
j
directional ability
is
a necessary condition of pattern
using the eyes.
It can be assumed that
if direction finding
ff.,1
then
it will
be. impossible to realize pattern recognition withodj
eyes.
How does sightless pattern recognition discriminate direct^
fpl recog-
|# type of
j without
| possible,
Sains -the
One possibility
is
that
if
a path which has figure
mitted in
it
is induced by the skin,
then the relative positional
r
rectjon
of the skin and figure are fixed,
and the skin and brain
tiftSJig lj$|P
certain corresponding relationships.
That
is,
as regards the remionship
between "induction" and "feeling," the direction of the tip# of t^ |i#dle
fingers
of
the left and right hands
is the same as the
top
.
.
of the head
of the body's axis.
However, when the left and
r i ght hands have
inversion symmetry,
the position of each spot on the hands also
sion symmetry relationship
in the brain.
This causes
the.
separately by the left and right hands
of the testee to
recog-
nition results
in the brain.
,,
rhis type of directional rule
is possibly innate in human#(. * Moreover,
each part
of
the human body possibly has correspondence#;,
d
J’
rec”
tional axis and central axis.
It was observed that when ^OT||#p^ample
char-
acter
" $
" was placed in a random direction in the hand
of, tfs |j|f| ,
D »
“is
account was
"-©• ."
However,
as can be seen from Table
1, when the character
"d3 " was placed in a random direction
in the hand of
tesfiee B,
t;b.e recogni-
tion sequence related by testee B was
"
f(
U
1T
I _\
'
Tjif
1ee D htld
not yet attended school, whereas testee B had already been attertdlpg school
for three years.
We can explain from testee B's recognition progf^ s, which
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CD
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•The figure is
in the thumb dir-
ection
in the
center of the palm
-The figure
is
in the thumb dir-
ection
in the
center
of
the palm
Fig.
1.
Observation results
of
the directional functions of
sightless pattern recognition of
the human body.
was capable of changing
" into
that:
(D when the ^formation
was being processed in the brain,
testee B had the ability to rotate th
figure information around the vertical axis of the center gxis,
(
)
type
of rotational ability
is possibly related to the educational level
o
the testee.
It was observed that
in the recognition process of the character
' T
by testee B:
" T +
" -t + T"
• "
This
is possibly the function of still
having the figure information rotate around its vertical axis on the center
axis when processing the information in the brain.
For figures randomly placed
in the hands,
ears,
and other parts
of
the
body,
as well as for figures placed
in certain kinds
of containers,
the sight
less pattern recognition capability of
the human body can still accurately
find and discriminate
the
direction.
During the recognition process,
the
position of the sample sometimes changed, but the direction of the sample
could still be found accurately.
As regards samples that were folded.
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u/uu
: uA-kupgr-pqyg
Apptwuu re i ^yietfs^gror37tr
ppiformly
y character
I'assetnbled
figure in-
rffltP’ixis,
rolled up,
and crumpled,
the testees said that they
c
information,
find the direction,
and rotate
it.
This
$,
ability of sightless pattern recognition by the human b
3.
Orientation, Angle Measurement,
Assembling,
a;
Functions
In the process of pattern recognition without using
the character information
is divided into figure units ;j|i
recognition sequence to obtain sense perception of the
figure units assembled together to form a complete charactlT*pIct«fn‘
(
cording
to the testee,
the character
"
is divided into three
pftrts f
.
:;
;
I
»
" -
" and
"—
and they had already used their direct
By adding the three strokes pf the direction-finding
f
positional relationship between them can be arranged
in
three parts are fixed on a coordinate plane and we use
thg.
toethod
for the Chinese character "®
then
"
I
" uses three positions
59 design
©
, ea
,
and 0B.
;
and
" © " uses the®
,
&
...
all together
types of arrangement methods,
then the positional
relat;i^j|gg|j?,
.... a
.
" z=- " has
C 2
1 *C i
»
108 types
of arrangement methods ,
Howevef.
leJtfefeA
actually first assembled it into
the character ".*
"
ah|
mined that
it was the character
"«fc*
. "
This
is
to say
t
is entirely fixed
in direction,
each of
the divided unit
direction.
However,
it
is also necessary to fix
accurafe~^E|h?
|
?
*
'
- ^ and
eliminate the various random positions
in order to be
them
accurately.
From an analysis of
the test results,
after the pic
and each of
its units are fixed
in direction on the
CJ|
point
or a figure unit
is
fixed on the center axis
d
is also
fixed.
Then,
each unit of the picture is dete
bottom relative positions on the scale,
and
it
is
assess
axis.
In the recognition processes of
" Ji " + "
I
"
*'
" gg. "
-*
" O "
-*
" +
"
-* "a*t" or
" Q
" +
" ffl
we can
and from "<*f"
->
that on the transverse axis
dj,
the center axis there
is relative movement between e
information.
The movement of each part of the
figure'
is called "assembly."
The correctness
of assembly
is related to the si
by each part
of the figure and the determined relative
in the processing of information for each unit of
the fi
checked so as
to be able
to fix accurately the position^
semble the figure.
For example,
testee B
fixed the pbsi
’’ and divided
it
into
" S
" + "
l\
" +
" Q
."
At thfl
"
fc5
" was uniformly checked by the scale,
the image
seS|J
formation appeared in a plane,
rotated 90°
(or 270°)
erg
and finally the testee discriminated the character
" fr
In sightless pattern recognition by the human bo
ing
a certain angle of inclination with the center axis
._. t>
the length scale,
also have measuring angle position fixing funq
Table
for the observation results.
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Table
2.
Observations of the measuring angle position
fixing functions
of
the sightless pattern recognition
by
the human body
Testee
A
B
A 71 A
A
A
s
A
Screen tSA
V
H
Glass
iuibe
Test
sample
A L*J A
A
A r*
: A
i
A
X Rolled
K
.
tyajqr
account
(MA)
i
T
t
A
i
4X
V
; 1
\j
Results
of MA
A
A
A
A A A
A |a
x
ft
Key:
- aluminum box;
- ink box;
- cardboard box;
- black paper;
- paper
tub.
We can see from Table
2 that
the figure units are not parallel nor per-
pendicular
to the center axis and transverse axis,
and their sensed images
^
often appear continuously or simultaneously.
A
A
»
A
.
—
»
"j£
etc.,
show that there are measuring
angle position fixing functions
in the information processing of _slghtless
pattern information.
However,
if the position fixing function of the ratio
of the measuring angle fixed position to length do not match well,
then the
error of
"A" assembled into "A
" can occur.
It can be considered that measur
ing angle position fixing has a process
of independent analytical processing.
As regards
the recognition of circular and arched patterns,
the testees
said that the circular shaped images were sensed
in their entireties,
and the
circles were always sensed before the arcs.
In the recognition
o
c rc es,
the phenomenon whereby there was division
into separate sections of arcs
which were later connected together did not occur.
The observations are given
in Fig.
1.
For the pattern "®," testee A said that "there are two circles
and the one in the middle is black and indistinct."
This shows that there
is an independent process
for the processing of circles and «CB
less pattern recognition by the human body.
This area of work still requires
further observations.
We can see from Table
1 that
for more complex charac-
method of processing by dividing the characters
into parts was used.
More-
over, we can see that following the development of recognition functions,
the
figure units divided for recognition can change from simple
to relatively
complex.
After the process
of dividing the characters
into parts,
they then
use uniform proportions,
fixed positions, measuring angle,
etc., between each
divided part
to form a complex character pattern.
4.
Practice, Making Contact,
and Contrastive Functions
We discovered
in the observation process that following an increase in
the number of
tests on the testees,
the testees said that
the sightless recog-
nition of characters was
"one character at a time jumping on a light screen.
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For example.
this was true of later observations of
"
^
I?!.
l 8tudy hard]
^x 'ft™*
w*-
"ffl jagf3f.fi.
jg
[ardently love one's country],
ont-'s country],"
[persevere],
[hard work does not shoulder strong-willed people],
etc,
s;
the sightless pattern recognition function by the human bony
into
con-
tact with data processing channels after being used many times.
This
is a
self-organizing function,
and it causes the recognition capabilities
to
in-
crease from the recognition of simple figure units
to the recognition
of
complex figure units.
We call it the "making-contact
function.,
,
The testees must always check their own sightless recognition results
and samples.
The testees always appear very happy when there are cotrect
sightless recognition results.
This
is also a process. of galhj^lfaCtice,
so that after study and training,
the speed and ability of tested
to_ process
figure information can be raised.
The "making-contact function
in the sight-
less pattern recognition by the human body is the basis of the ability to
gain practice through training.
The strength of the ability to study reflects
the strength of the "making-contact ability" and study can strengthen the
"making-contact function."
£
The testees could copy out the characters on the settles which they
did not know,
for example,
" gl
," "^f," etc.
Moreover,
they
cojild compare
and even guess and determine them from what
they had already studied:
for
example,
they distinguished
" by saying
it had one less dot
*
thaft
"...
[Tr.
Note:
last page of original text missing.]
.
Translated by:
SGFOIA3
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Approved For Release 2003/09/09
: e3A-RDP96-00792R000300300001-1