Approved For Release 2Z0UU0/UG — ExXoerimental Drean Telepatny-Clainvavance and Geomagnetic Aetivity Michae] Persinger, PAD, Laurerit iar, Wiiversity, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, and Stanley Kriopner, FinD, Saybransk Institute, San Francisca: California, U.S.A, Introduction Several Studias invalving dUtative SPOntanecug *elepatnic~claipvayans (T-C) experiences Concerning death op CriSis ta Family members or te Friencs have SUggested 3 Feomaonet ic Contr i but ice, te these Ohernonena, There is Same eVidernce (e.g., Schaut 4 Persingar, 1985) that SPOnt aneoiies Tap PADEr i enced nave occurred when tne Gecmanneat ic ACtIivity WAS lower (rie, Calmer) than the days before or afterwards ard Lower thar Means oF the monthly Véelues, We decided to study wWhethap this Dat terre WAS  @vicert in Ekoer imental TE ExXPer iencas 4S well, The &x0erimarts in Tc dreans Wrew out a¢ Moritague WI mart (1969) observations, in his PSYCH atria PV ACH Loe, oF °Stensinte SMGMAT cits Communi cat ian, 800@ari ng in the Context ay Some Creans reported Sy Sie Clients, Ullman decided ta inouire whetheap his éhenomencsy, wou) g FOUBAP pp dreams that Were experimental ly Mari tomer Urideap Cont real leg Coneit iarne wat Would S5€em to exclude alternative 'hternretat ions, Ulinar was JOlned ip tSis Project by Stanley Krippner, OW Drafegeap oF ASyohs lony at Say brank stitute, San Francisen, and Charles Honor ton, Mow directap mf the *sYChoohysioa) Research Laboratories, Princeton, New Jersey, The PX Deri ments "tre Carr iad out in the Drean LADOrA Eris af MALmems clas \ meet i ec: CET gp \ | 00/08/11 : GIA-RDP96-00792R000400030001-0 8/11 : CIA- Release 2000/0 Approved For
cote se ieee eek e es PERE PEREGO PESEPERD ESL CED A SE og pockets ek oe: —_—_ RpPrOoved Tor Release 2000/03/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400030001-0 ’ teenie Sree Rroowivn, where Ullman servec as director of the Conmmity Mental Heatth Center, (or The typical proceoure followed at Maimonides was for the percipient ao subject) to arrive at the laboratory in time to meet the agent -- a person whe would soend much of the night focusing woor the contents of an art orirnt. The nerecipiernt’s task was to dream abeat this art print ever though it would oe selected once the sercipient was iselated from the agent. The percioient would aiso meet the two exocerimerters who would explain the procedures. (On a fen accasions, the art print was selected randemly, was not removed from the sealed envelope. and no agent was Used. The percipient was simply instructed to attemot dreaming about the art pram.) After electrodes were attached to the percipient’s head for the manitering of brain waves arc eye nevements, the oercipient would have no further contact with the anent oo witil the follawing morning. Ar experimenter tnrew dice that, in combination with a random number table, provided a number that corresponded to ane on a sealed envelope containing an art print. The erivelope was coened cmce the agent reached his or her arivate room in a oistant part of the building. This, art print became the target on which the anent focused during the course of the night (Ullman & Krinpner, 1978). The experimenters took turns monitoring the percipiernt’s sleen. Toward the end of each oeriod of ranic eye movement (REM), the percigient was awavened py am exoerimenter via intercom and described ary dream content that cenuld ne recailed. These comments were tape recorded as was a morning interview in which the percioient associatec to his or her dream recali. The interview was ceanducted douple blind; neither the percipient nar the 460 Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400030001-0
. _ 1 P96-00 : Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RD exDerimenters knew the identity of the target nor the pool of art orints From which the target had been randomly Selected, The target far 4 giver, night and the dreams fap the night after, Contained a nunber of striking Similarities, Bupgesting that ar anomaly (so-called “telepathy” or "Clairvoyance") OlCUrred. Far example, ar, e3 May 1966 tne target was a print of 4 Zebra painted by an unknown, Indian artiat, The Perci Diernt dreamed about a "horge show," a “horse race," and a “striped tie," But it could have beer, the case that any transeript Of a rights dreams mMicht have Contained Passages of striking Similarity to any Sicture ty, Which they might have been Compared (Chila, 19485), To evaluate the chance hypothesis, the Maimonides team cotained judgments of Similarity between the dream content and each of the ether Doterntial targets in the Pool fran which the actual target sag bear; rancho Ly Selected, Typically, three Judges were MSOC Who worked hiavwed and Treceo.erncent iy From wars other with Materials that had beer: Me@liled te tiem. They haa mo Informat ico, about which Picture had beer randomly Selected as the tarrer, Pry PAterach anos Wi fference between targets and rhor~targets ip, their SIvilarity ta drean Content was Considered an apparent anomaly, "yDicaliy, the tarpat BOGS user by the Judges were duplicates that had never heen handled by the agents, a! Although PEercipients sonnet ines Gevaluatec Cher sw Creams against the 4 - Sarget POO] (befare they discovered the identity af the astual target), and Fmrice some Experiments Yeduired tha Judges ty rate target /oresi beable: ‘ ae “Mlaritios On a 100-point SCale, the only form in WOICN data are available al) S®8Sions is CoUnE of Judges? N1tS and misses. “TF the actual tarot 4 deer, ranked ir, the Upper halt of the target occ] (aco, #1, #2, #3 ima | . pad 461 ‘ “ 0 - R000400030001-0 ved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792 Appro
ae EAT iam pearance i SEEMED Tee ; ne see hontent : oor RIES 5 ny Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-R P96-00792R000400030001-0 X pool oof six) for similarity ta the dreams ana post-sleep interview, outcome was considered a hit. Tf the actual target had been ranked an the lower Half of the oocl (e.g., #4, #5, #6 in a pool of six), the outcome vas comsiderec amiss. The median score of the three judges was selected tg ae Cetermine hits and misses, For tne pourooses of thie study, the ranks were divided inte four Categories. A “hionh nit" would be a rank in the top ouartile (e.o0, #1 or #a lv; a oool of eights #1 an a pool of six), a “low hit" would be a rank in the Bsecane cuartile <(e.g., #3 or #4 in a pool of eight; #2 or #3 in a pool of Six). A "igh mies" would be a rank in the third quartile (e.g., #5 or #6 in a ooo1 of eight; #4 or #5 in a pool of six): a "low miss" would be a rank in the fourtn quartile (#7 cor #8 ir a voll of eights #6 in a paol of six). The first night’ eaci subject spent at the Maimonices Laboratory was the «ther nights were discarded. This yielded 62 experimental utilized and -U nights avazlable far analysis -- 18 “high hits," 29 "low hits," 7 “high misses, " and 8 "low misses." The 62 cases represent an almost total collection of subjects seen between *962 and 1969 at Maimonides. Pracedure It was deciced te use neomaanetic activity as measured by the AR index. Nortnern nemisohere AA values were collected for the 3 days before, the day of, and the 3 cays after the day that each subject began the dream experiment, These AA values were determined from Mayaud’s (1973) data and conseouent monthly uodates. Mean montoly values were also listed. Subjects (cases) were coded according te gender and te the closeness of their dreams? 462 Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000400030001-0
- ok 400030001-0 ; 7 Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000 Correspondence to the target (i.e, “Wish hit! ap HHs "Lew Ait" cp LHS “Haigh ie miss" or HMs “low miss” or CM). In other words, these four Groups reorasent e;: 1e Judges’ ranks of Successive order Troma Strongest “hits” te strongest as "misses, " to The major design inval ved MANoVA (ultiole afialyses of variance), The repeated measure was the AA values for the three days before, the day ef, anc ur e the three days afte, the day the experimerit was heid (a total of 7 days). The . range af the key day Dlus/mirus 3 Cays was selected Hecause geomagnetic ne , f activity within this periag tends to be correlated, Particularly Wit a givey a ; day plus/minus lo oar @ days, Excent = fur specific Pertocicities, Che vw a | intercorrelations bet weer, geomagnetic activity ana day and wore than three in days before or afterwards are net statistically significant, ‘The twa MAI Cr main factors (non-repeater) Were gender (male VS. female) and BrOUS, Because was the numbers Of subjects Within the Hm ang LM 9POUDS were smal? (N=7, 8 atal respectively), additional analyses ware completed with these twa grounds high combi ned. otal The Major analyses inval ved fog base (9 trans format rans af the gaily 99 Values, This was Completed ir, order te requce the ceantribut ions fram Sirnoie outlier Cases (days) and ta increase the homogeneity OF variance Detweer, dex Boups and bet weer, repeated MeASUrEeS, nGKe However, ai] analyses were ales Completed USing the Original ag values as BOQUAPE root trans format iong 7ecause Bo: the latter Were not as extreme ag the Loe modifications, 9 Dastericny7 PONtrasts Were comoletedg USING corre) atec t-tests for Bach oreup ang (bet weer groups on a given day) tea CEtermineg the Saurce of ed measure interactions, an 463 \ 0 30001-0 pproved For Releasé 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R0004000
Correlated t-tests with o values set at op (01 (to reduce the effect of multiple t orobabilities) were completed for each group for the AA values oF each of the 7 days during the experiment and the AA average for the month in which tne experience” occurred. The latter analyses were completed te determine the absolute activity of the days of the experience compared to the typical monthly values ratoner than restricting the analyses to the relative differences between the key day and the days before and afterwards. Al} analyses were completed using SPSSX seftware on a DECF020 computer. Rasults MANOVA for all G& subjects according to the three major groups (HH, LH, LM olus HM), gender, and the seven repeated measures (key days plus/minus 3 days) of gqecmagnetic activity (AA vaives) demonstrated ro significant graup or oenger interactions. However, there was a significant (F=2.53, df=12, p=. 003) interaction hetween grcugs and the geomagnetic activity over days for the lag odse transformed AR values (Figure 1). There was alse a nearly significant daily difference (F=2.54, df=6,336, p=.03). There were neither gender by day er gender by group by day irteractions. The group by day interaction was siaqnificant (p=.01) for the absolute FA values as well. Six of the experimental days invelved the testing of two subjects rather tnan one. To Getermine if this slight modification in procedure may have altered the geomagnetic contribution to the psi effect, additional analyses were completed on these days (cases) where only one subject was tested. The basic results are shawn in Figure @. There was no appreciable change in the neomagnetic temocral oattern and the significant day by group interactions were not affected. Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : cia-Kisp96-00792R000400030001-0
: -RDP96-007 Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RD p When al] four SYOUDS) Were analyzeq iy, 4 Similar design, the same Dasic P@SUIts were noted, There Were nie Sloni ficant main ef fact G1 Ffererces Det wear, the four groups or between genders, Again, ‘here was a $10%i Ficant EPOUD by days interactions (F=2, 02, dF=18, 324, P=.009) and a bet weer, days Cif ference, Removing the Secand main (Nor-reneated) Factor oF gender arc Simply “Sinn Lae four Oredos did het Change the effect, There Were stil} Slori Ficant Pe0Rated day effects (F=3, 76, df=6, 348, P*.001) ane & day by arouy (Pale, 31, df=) a, p=. 003) interaction, The basic results a, F resented iy, Figure 3 a Bosteriori tests showed that the urily MEATS Oni Ficant difference 3 days before the key day (-3), if bo between days for the four grounds SCCUrred en; Or this day, the Je0naqnet ic activity Wes Higher (FS. 49, cef=54, O=, 02), This Finding Was Confirmed by Duncan’ s aralysig fo=, 05). Correlated t-tests Fem Within Oroup CoMmpari sans (set at o=. 01) denenst rater that the M1ahts af the BxNer iments far Broup | (HH) were quieter than day =3 (S22, 99, dF=17) and | -2 (t=3. 04, df=i7), The Might «a¢ the Exner ence (pins fy Was STONY Fi oant ly Wieter thay, the average af the Month (t=4, 55) af=17, Oo, O01), Beth the ney day (t32, ga) and the days -j (t=2. 6a) ane plus 2 (t=3, 84) WEr@ Guietep thar the Nontn, For the secand group (LH), Corral at ec t-tests Indicated that only day 3 (tee, 80) was Significantly qdleter thay the momiterd y averages, There Were nin "9ni Ficant di FFerences between the KEY days ang S1@ days before np : The third Broup (HM) demonstrated A Lista Dattarn, The on day ~3 was higher (t=4, 94) than tne manth ly averane OM days olus 1 (t=7, 74) and piug & (t2=3.745 WEre lower Chan ~~ averages, In additian, day ogiug twas S20ri Ficantly lower 465 ‘ . 01-0 0 -00792R0004000300 d For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-007 Approve
Approved For Rete The use of AR Values mugt be viewed with SOME Caut icy, Data Collected at Several stations is averaged te Global and N@r 2 Spherie P@sults, Various types af fond taring devices are Used, Pangirng Preeant CRUG ore Sophisticated, It will come as na SUrDrisea te learr, that Frequent iy there little ap, ric Correlation between Caily je various stations, On’ torag at the Psvecialiy those 10009 Kilometers oF nore Cistant, . The a values are derived Fran a logarithmic Process that OMItS  mueH oF the data in p order to derive averages, Nevertheless, this aDOraacn 1285 Senye the OUP ees § a of determining the Gxistence oF elacg ; tromagnetic starns, The best index for the study of BMI Ley hehavion af laboratory Subjects WOuld be One based or Peadings fron a marneatameteap Th ies laboratory itself, aClacent te the Optimally, these readinog SOauTd te FEMS. cered 5, relationship ta salar anid lunar effects, comet ing Bleck, effects (a, OMA det ic Fiaic Dey Padiation), and hiolonica; Cveles af the SuUBteorS De rin Studied, if Significant data ara stil] OOt ai ned Linder thee CIPCUMSt ances, ah Potent ia) Mechanisms invelved Can be Studied, Would the a5sence af Slectricg? Storms Of Nights af telenathy-clainveyanig Oniee? Wan that tne (a len *Vironment affects the Sub lect s receotivity? Or ae B1eCt-ica; Striryrs A tterteng With the “transmissian" of the “signal" Mm Scene NAY? Thee a at fecmagnetic ectivity avert s Selectable effects Lee, although Preliminary data cel lected 1985) Suggests. Pitals 2¥  Becwer (ReGen \ a relationshin between Ami se dc ates , and Magnetic Mere fare, Saw Nees a “ stornas (no. 243-279) , BMV min yey OUST 1-0 00/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R00040003000 Release 20 : Approved For
\ correlation between AA values and anomalous laboratory behavior would be of interest rot oniy to parapsychologists but to many ather researchers as well, a References Becker, AO... & Seloen, G. (1965). Electromagnetism and the foundation life. New York: Wiilram Morrow. 8 Child, {. u. (1985). Psycholooy and anomalous observations: The question of ESE in creams. American Psychologist, 40, 1219-1230. Mayauc, FF. Ne (1974), GQ hundred year series of geomagnetic data 1868-1967. 1AGA Bu  persinger, mM. O., & Schaut, B. B. (1986). Manuscript submitted toa the Journal of the American Society for Csychical esearch. Sehaut, BH. Be. & Fersinger, ™. A. (1985). Subjective telepathic Pe exoeriences, geomagnetic activity anc the ELF hyoothesis. Part I. Data analyses. fsi Researcn. 4 (lL). 4-20). ae Uliman, ., & riopner, S. (1978). Experimental dream studies. in M. Eben (Ec.), The Signet harndbooxw of parapsychology (pp. 409-4c2). New York: New American Library. Uliman, MM, (1969). Telepathy and dreams, Experimental Medicine and Surgery. @7, 19-38. Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RBP$6-00792R000400030001-0