Approved For Releary NCEA SSIFIED tone? (U) A summary of the six FRV target slides and the viewer's responses is given in the following. The remote viewer's drawings are shown for the two first-place matches to indicate the quality required for successful blind matching, (1) (2) (3) (4) (U) Windmill, The target is a large white windmill with four blades, mounted on top of a red A-frame tower, The viewer described an inverted V-shaped structure, associated with a circular object divided into quarters. He also had a sense of circular motion, His drawing is shown in Section IV-C [Figure 3(b)]. This was rated first place in blind judging; Accuracy Ratings by the two analysts were 4 and 3, (U) Stanford Shopping Center, The target is the central mall of the Stanford Shopping Center. One view of this target location from an earlier series is given in Figure 10, However, the target slide for the present viewer was taken from a different direction. This viewer described and drew the repeated curved forms overhead and described it as "like a shopping plaza."" (See Figure 14.) The blind judge awarded this description a first place match, Accuracy Ratings were 5 by both analysts. (U) Alta Mesa Cemetery. The target slide features a large gravestone standing in the foreground, and several others visible in the middle distance. The viewer described a "dark vertical mass ... jagged, like a rock pile." This reminded him of a small . mountain at Disneyland, appeared to lead to further - erroneous analysis. Based on the drawings of a jagged rocky shape, the blind judge rated this response a second place match to the target slide, while Accuracy Ratings were 3 and 2, (U) Merry-Go-Round. The Rinconada Park merry-go- round as an outdoor target has been described excellently by two viewers in past years, This — viewer correctly identified the park-like atmosphere (correct), but placed much emphasis on the target being at a ctossroads (incorrect). Finally, he said that a cylinder had emerged at the crossroads 71 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : ONCLASSTE FP pp? ? (U) UNCLASSIFIED STANFORD SHOPPING CENTER-—-TARGET, AND RESPONSE OF VIEWER No. 468 FIGURE 14 72 UNCLASSIFIED 1 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9 4
Approved For Release ONCLASSIFIED. (U) in the park, and he then made a formal drawing with a three-dimensional cylinder, shown rotating as the central object. The judge rated this a third place match. Accuracy Ratings were 3 and 4, (5) (U) Padre Statue. This target is a very large plaster statue of a kneeling monk on a hill top, pointing into the distance. The viewer had a description of a park with a duck as the focus, The blind judge rated this fifth place for correspondence, Accuracy Ratings were 3 by both analysts. (6) (U) Bridge in Burgess Park. This target is a wooden footbridge over a stream in a nearby park. The viewer's first impressions correctly portrayed a wooden framework pierced by metal, but he followed this first view with several pages of incorrect pictures, resulting in a sixth place match, and Accuracy Ratings of 2 and 1, (U) Although this viewer's FRV data did not reach statistical significance in the blind judging, we find enough correspondences in the Accuracy Ratings to suggest that the viewer did make contact with the target material on some of the trials. In comparing the results of blind judging with those of the Accuracy Rating system, we note that statistical significance in the blind judging is a compound measure which includes consistency and reliability, as well as remote viewing per se. For example, in the following series, Viewer 292 provides two trials that were each given an Accuracy Rating = 5, but his overall blind judging results were nonsignificant and less than the present series, because of a lack of trial-to-trial consistency, (U) The two real-time slide targets, a redwood grove and an underpass, were inserted in the FRV series (for comparison purposes) after the fourth FRV slide. They received Accuracy Ratings of 3 and 4 respectively, and were thus of similar quality as those in’ the FRV series. 73 UNCLASSIFIED . Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
| ; : Approved For Release 2000/08/0C) IGibpAL SGebRddirsD 1 70002-9 ; 2. Viewer No, 292 RV and FRV of 35-mm Slides (U) real-time RV trials with this viewer, The targets were 35—-mm slides displayed in another building as above. In this effort, we tried to deal with the fact that a viewer might feel anxious about FRV experiments in general. The previous viewer, in spite of his encouraging results, daily (U) We carried out twelve randomly intermixed future RV and \ expressed concern about the impossibility in principle of the task. Therefore, in this series we had equal numbers of real-time and FRV trials randomly intermixed, so that the viewer would not know, at the time of the trial, which type of trial it was. The protocol from the viewer's point of view was exactly the same in both cases, in that he could not distinguish between the two conditions on the basis of the protocols, He would give a description of a target slide, and a few minutes later would be taken to see the slide. From the monitor's point of view the “two situations differed in that during the FRV trials there was no slide to look at, since it would not be chosen until after the conclusion of _ the viewer's description, In the real-time trials, the slide was viewed by the monitors for the entire duration of the viewing/description period. (U) The two groups of trials were rated for accuracy, inde- pendently by two analysts. The six real-time trials received summed Accuracy Ratings of 19 and 16 by the two analysts, while the FRV series was rated 16 and 15. Both series are therefore rated somewhat on the low side overall, with results of individual trials ranging from no evidence of contact with the target site to excellent. (U) As in his initial Local Bay Area remote viewing series in Phase One, however, this viewer again turned in some of the highest rated and most accurate individual responses of any viewer in the Phase Two portion of the program. We discuss two of these which occurred in the FRV series. Both were very accurate descriptions of quite unusual targets, UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 ; S\FiED. NCLAS (U) receiving Accuracy Ratings of 5 by both analysts. (The other four responses in the FRV series received Accuracy Ratings of two or less,) (U) In the first, the target was the slide of a showroom of a local Chevrolet automobile dealer. The viewer rendered a drawing (shown in Figure 15) and described the following scene before the selection of the target slide. "To the right of center there is something that reminds me of a tall minaret shape. Greater height than width, Somewhere there is a conical shape” ... "1-2-3-4-5, I don't know what it means, but I get two quick glimpses of a five pointed star. I don't know where to put it, The star reminds me of a sheriff's badge.'' In Figure 15 we see that a star is part of the showroom window display. (U) The photographs for this series were taken several weeks before the start of this program. On visiting the target site, we were interested to note that the star was no longer part of the showroom decor, and had been removed before this trial. So in this case we have striking evidence that the viewer obtains his information from the:target slide, rather than from the location. (U) The second good result in the FRV series is the viewer's response to a schoolhouse target at a miniature golf course, The viewer's first words were "I have an instant awareness of what appears to be a conventional roof line, pointing into the scene from the left, It appears to have an overhang, but the confusing thing about it was that it appeared white and thick like it had 9 or 10 inches of snow on it." As shown in the photo in Figure 16, the overhang was white and thick. Later in the session he described a "blue canal with masonry walls, curving out of the picture." The color slide target shows a blue putting green leading up to the front of the little target building. 75 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
(Nn) LAOYVL JO NOILO3TaS WOGNVY 340458 SALNNIW NadLd!d ASNOdS3Y 222 YAMAIA ONY “ACIS LaDYVL = 9t AYNDIS galsISSVIONN 77 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9 Approved For Release “TINGLE ASSifl—ED 300170002-9
Approved For Release 2000/08/07, JGM-QHE A, & Safed BO 70002-9 4. Discussion (U) For an assessment as to the quality of remote viewing (U) obtained in the ERV series, the results were submitted to two analysts The judging packet submitted to the analysts con- for blind judging, sisted of the remote viewer drawings, and target photographs, each in their own random order different from the order of target usage, The analysts were instructed to blind rank order, on a scale of 1 to 5 (best to worst match), each of the five drawing packets against each of the (Target number 5 was omitted as described five target photographs. above.) One analyst obtained three direct matches , one second-~ (U) place match, and one fourth-place match; the other obtained one direct The dif- match, three second-place matches and one fourth-place match. ference between the two was a pair of responses that were essentially caste indistinguishable with regard to a particular pair of targets (food mill art . one i method- discussed earlier. . The results of one of the two judges reached and hat). The matrices were analyzed using the direct-count~of-permutations statistical significance at the p = 0.05 level, (U) With regard to a comparison between ERV and the ordinary pt, weeny RV process, the data obtained are roughly of the same quality as those of oh * aw ordinary RV. There was therefore no apparent advantage in committing Tee nt en wae the greater time period required for the ERV process. By report of the on, ” RVer, however, the subjectively more intense ERV state was never fully achieved in this series, and therefore no definitive comparison between te LAR a em 4 RV and ERV is possible at this point. oe * (U) See, e.g., the technology series in H, Puthoff and R. Targ, "A Per- ceptual Channel for Information Transfer Over Kilometer Distances," Proc, IEEE 64, pp. 329-354 (March 1976). balcreminbigecmpackn ate grgicfeg nebo A eae gE UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : ClA- RDP96-00788R001300170002-9 UNCLASSIFIED D. Remote Viewing of Alphabet Letters (U) (U) The purpose of this study was to determine whether an isolated remote viewer could learn to discriminate between and identify alphabet letters, The participant, Viewer 372, was located in a third-floor laboratory of the Radio Physics Building at SRI, while the monitor and the target materials were in an office trailer in a nearby parking lot (as in the slide series). (U) The protocol in all twelve trials in this series was for the viewer to identify. a randomly chosen three-letter word exposed to view in the target room, The targets used in this series were red block letters eight inches high, cemented to white cardboard, The three letters making up each word were placed on the chalk tray of the target room blackboard. (U) Twelve trials were carried out. A satisfactory protocol was not developed until the third trial, so the first two mst be considered exploratory. In Trial 1, the target word was randomly chosen from a group 7 of ten previously prepared words placed in opaque envelopes. In all other trials the target word was chosen by random entry into a 1700-page college dictionary (selecting the first three-letter word on the page) using a Texas Instruments SR-51 random number generator. In Trials 1 and 2, the viewer was given feedback after each letter, In both of these trials he failed to name the first letter, but after being told the first letter G for GUN and V for VAT, he was able to confidently and correctly name the following two letters in quick succession, In Trials 3 through 12, feedback was given only after all three letters were named, to counteract analysis strategies on the part of the viewer, (U) The letters were displayed one at a time, and the viewer would give his impressions of each in turn. After each description, that letter would be removed, and the viewer would be informed that the next letter t 93 ahan VS Pao + UNCLASSIFIED Gey, nat Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96- 00788R001300170002-9 2 _—
Approved For Release 2000/08/07 ‘ENC EASSIP PP D229 (U) was in place, Except for Trial 5, the letters were always presented in their order of occurrence in the word, (In Trial 5 it had been decided in advance to display the letters in random order, to discourage end- letter guessing. This turned out to be unsatisfactory, however, apparently producing confusion for the viewer, who named all three letters correctly, but had them in the wrong order. He then could not think of a word, and changed two of the letters.) 7 (U) Of the nine 3-letter words presented in a consistent manner (3, 4, 6-12), the viewer was correct in 6 of his letter assignments (i.e., of the 27 letters presented, 6 were identified), a significant departure from chance expectation. This pilot result was therefore encouraging. E, Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) with Immediate Feedback (U) ee Re EE ne tate Peecback (U) Of special interest for operational applications is a particular form of RV known as coordinate remote viewing (CRV). CRV is a procedure whereby the RVer accesses the target location on the basis of an abstract locator such as geographical coordinates. As inexplicable as such a phenomenon might seem, we appeal simply to pragmatism, in that it appears to work, (U) It has been shown that good results can be obtained even with the use of special arbitrarily-constructed coordinate systems; the CRV phenomenon thus appears to provide yet another example of "goal orienta- tion" in psychoenergetic phenomena, rather than being particularly —, related to coordinate systems per se. ; (U) R. Targ, H. Puthoff, B, Humphrey, and C, Tart, "Investigations of Target Acquisition," Research in Parapsychology 1979, Scarecrow Press, a ee ey ai Metuchen, N.J. (in press), 94 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
Approved For Release 200 -00788R001300170002-9 wm An orientation program for CRV has been designed at SRI, and is being applied with success with RVers inexperienced in CRV. The details are as follows. (U) A target pool of more than 100 geographical sites from around the globe has been prepared and is being continually expanded. The loca- tions are chosen to embody some particular well-defined characteristic (e.g., mountains, oceans, deserts, lakes, cities, islands, rivers). The * coordinates of these locations, obtained from standard reference atlases, are each written on one side of a 3-by-5-inch file card, on the other side of which is a descriptor (e.8., Mt, Hekla volcano, “Iceland), along with an atlas reference, The cards are then placed in envelopes, coordinates facing the back, and randomized. (U) The CRV orientation procedure is as follows: f (1) | P RVer and facilitator seat themselves at opposite gxds 5, table in a special environment, the former with a supply of paper and a pen, the latter with target envelopes (contents unknown) and the reference atlases. (2) wi The CRVer is instructed that the facilitator will , begin the CRV process by selecting an envelope and reading aloud the target coordinates. The CRVer is to note down on paper any immediate impressions (which he may also express aloud) and then, rather than embellishing on his first impressions, to ask for the coordinates to be read aloud again so that the original process may be repeated, etc., until a coherent picture of the site emerges. ee (U) The Times Atias of the World, Hougton Mifflin Co., Boston, 1971. People's Republic of China Atlas, U.S, Government Printing Office, 1971. t (U) The RV environment has been optimized during testing on another and to provide a relatively homogeneous program to be quiet, dimly lit, monochrome visual field, free of strong features and peripheral clutter. 95 Approved For Release 20001 mI 07887001200170002-9 een a ecmsitamnnnetamaeentenemensmmnnmanemenenenananat . ;
Approved For Release-2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9 oa (3) ~ Following these instructions, the facilitator selects an envelope at random, opens it from the rear so as to be exposed to the coordinates only, - and’ then begins the process described above. (4) | After one or more repetitions of the coordinates (each followed by a CRV response) leads to a ™ recognizable target characteristic, the card is turned over by the facilitator, and the atlas consulted (if necessary) in order to give feedback. A line ” is drawn on the CRVer's data sheet to separate the data thus generated from further data, since up to — this point the data were generated in a double-blind protocol and can be objectively evaluated later as a test of target acquisition, = (5) | Having terminated the target acquisition "test" phase, feedback can now be given and/or further data = solicited, The feedback given at this point is non- negative, ranging from "that's the target," through "near the target," to “you are at another target" = (giving the CRVer the benefit of the doubt). The facilitator then has the option of terminating the viewing, asking for more detail ("there's something mi ten miles north that should be visible") or restarting the process when the viewer's original description did not correspond to the target site. In the latter al case the facilitator can, of course, guide or cue the CRVer into a correct response; (a) this is acceptable in the nontest part of the sequence, (b) this can be - checked for by asking for detail in the surrounding region, and (c) this provides an opportunity to investigate whether such cueing procedures can be | . guiding the CRVer onto the target site wi cues "a," "b," ... "£," and then asking for "g’). ? = RVer 518 was exposed to this protocol, a few targets per session, over a several-day period, resulting in a data pool of 26 CRV target viewings. They were: Sait Lake Desert, Utah; Lake Erie; Chicago; Mono Lake; Aruba Island; Lake Okeechobee; Yount's Peak, Wyoming; Pitcairn Island; Pike's Peak; Los Angeles; Atlantic Ocean; Rio de Janeiro; Kansas plains, St. Peter and Paul Islands; Randall Dam, South Dakota; Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : —o
pproved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9 Munich; Amazon River; Midwestern Lake Titicaca; Cape May; Niagara Falls; plains; Venezuelan Peninsula; Sierra Blanca Mountain; Oregon Desert; Panama Canal; Puerto Rico. wa Following the first pilot session of five, in which essentially immediate feedback was given, the remaining twenty-one were carried out with delayed feedback and thus provided material that could be assessed Categorizing the targets into five groups (mountains , objectively. flats, water, cities, islands/peninsulas), the target/response matrix The probability of such an alignment occurring is as shown in Table 4. by chance alone can be calculated by the direct-count-of-permutations The distribution of method discussed earlier, and leads to p = 0.0083. responses is therefore statistically significant. Furthermore , beyond ual responses were exceptionally In the final trighyin this simple statistics, certain individ accurate during the acquisition "test" phase. series, for example, when the target coordinates were for Guayama in Puerto Rico, the viewer described a “eishing village on the southeast coast of a bpoat-shaped island," which is an entirely correct description He then drew an island, resembling of the locale at the target coordinates. Puerto Rico in poth shape and orientation. A few orientation sessions were carried out with Viewers 155 and 292, with similar results. procedure is the first stage of a multi-stage training (U) The above The methodology centers around procedure developed on another program. tiled featureless room with homoge neous use of a specially-designed acoustic- coloring to minimize environmental overlay; adoption of a uniform, limited monitor behavior role to minimize monitor overlay; and the use of a strictly specified CRV procedure involving repeated coordinate presentation and quick-reaction response--a procedure designed to minimize “imaginative overlays. The effectiveness of this procedure is in the process of being A pproved For Release 2000/08/07 :9ZIA-RDP96-00788R001300170002-9
f _ Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R00130017Q002-9 Table 4 Gee OF CRV TARGET/RESPONSE MATCHINGS (U) Transcripts Islands/ Mountains | Flats | Water | Cities | Peninsulas 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Ll 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 5 confirmed with a number of remote viewers in another program, and the Targets Mountains Flats Water Cities Islands /Peninsulas (U) results to date indicate that a significant step forward in accuracy and reliability has been made. 98 Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : clA-ROPY 6 -gaaaiaaaaaiad 70R02-8
Approved For Rélease 2000/08/87 : 96-00788R001300170002-9 VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS (U) ; In this report we have presented the results and assessments of a one-year program for the optimization of remote viewing with mm selected individuals. To meet the objectives of the program we have familiarized these individuals with the SRI RV protocol; pursued the development of enhanced levels of RV ability through exposure to several different orientation/training strategies, and established screening tests and procedures for enlarging the population from which such in- * dividuals are selected. HE «.: principal observation in working with the i volunteers is that we have found considerable evidence for remote viewing functioning among them. In the basic local-site RV-familiarization task (Phase-One study), four of the six participants produces results that were individually statistically significant (p < 0.05), " rendering the series strongly significant as a whole (p = 4 X 10°, or odds of one in 25,000). (An entire summary of program data is shown in Table 5.) ba second observation from that study is that in general, there is more variability from trial to trial for a given viewer than there is between the viewers themselves. There are no viewers in the group who have not shown some evidence for remote viewing, even though some of their individual series may not have reached the p < 0.05 level of departure from chance expectation, * (U) In fact, each of these four series exceeded this requirement by more than an order of magnitude, reaching significance at the p = 0,003 level or better. 99 Approved For Release 2000 aialiaige® Yo7esR001s00170002-
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Approved For Releas 0788R001300170002-9 | Bivie regard to screening: (1) The individuals chosen to participate in the program were pre~screened from. a population of 250 potential candidates, using broad personality profile guidelines recommended by SRI, with final selection determined on the basis of interview by the SRI project leaders (R. T. and H. P.). The fact that the overall study was successful lends support to the effectiveness of this jnitial screening~by-profile procedure. (2) The details of the results of the program indicate that a half dozen local-site RV trials may constitute a meaningful screening-by-per formance procedure to separate the more reliable from the less reliable viewers. In order for screening-by-performance to be successful, it is necessary that the performance of a viewer be relatively consistent. We find that those individuals who were the most successful in the Phase- One trials, were also the most successful in Phase-Two, even though different remote viewing tasks were pursued. Of the four successful viewers in Phase-One, two produced significant results and one near-significant (the fourth . was not available for the Phase~Two study). The two viewers from Phase-One that were least successful there (not reaching significance) again did not reach signifi- cance in Phase-Two. Although the sample is too small to be definitive, it appears that the Phase-One local- site RV series itself offers evidence of constituting a < useful screening-by-performance procedure. #r- data indicating that a viewer can describe an individual slide as it is shown on a screen shows that targeting on high-resolution transient targets (charts, maps, etc.) is not out of the question. This, coupled with our findings that a viewer may be able to describe and identify alphabet letters is a most encouraging development, and one deserving of further work. Extension of the RV process to include high-resolution material, especially with a reading ability, would constitute a significant breakthrough ¥ Approved For Release 2000/0 -00788R001300170002-9
8R001300170002-9 w= viewers in learning to read hidden and distant printed material that is blocked from ordinary perception, * ‘Temporal Resolution. An ERV effort should be pursued to determine the accuracy of remote viewing as a function of time for future targets. a ° ELF Experiments. Since one of the prevalent hypotheses for paranormal perception requires the use of an ELF electromagnetic carrier, we suggest carrying out definitive experiments ¢° examine this hypothesis (e.g., by using ELF generators as beacons), and to provide analyses correlating data from our past data base with the daily record of geophysical parameters known to affect ELF propagation, oa * Theorétical Studies. Modern physics offers several mathematical descriptions of reality that may also prove t6 be testable descriptions of paranormal perception in general, and remote viewing in particular, We recommend work with leading physicists who have agreed to consult for SRI on these theoretical problems, in an effort to develop a physical understanding of the phenomena we observe in the laboratory and in the field, - and to apply this knowledge to improve remote viewing functioning, * Technical Meetings. SRI proposes to host private quarterly a SS conferences to bring together selected U.S, scientists : who are concerned with the technical issues in. psychoenergetic research, - . Successful pursuit of the above priority items could be expected a ‘to result in an increased reliability and breadth of utility of the RV = . | —_ ™ i 104 ; . 9 all Approved For Release 200 ibaa }07887001300170002