Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CL
1700360003-3
t
New Brunswick, Rutgers-University Press, 1977.
•'See Henry Gris and William Dick, The New
Soviet
Psychic
Discoveries,
Englewood
Cliffs,
Prentice Hall,
1978, pp. 286-287; R. A. McCon-
nell, "Parapsychology
in the USSR,” Journal of
Parapsychology
(39:2), June
1976; pp.
129rl34;
Milan
Ryzl.
Parapsychology: A
Scientific Ap-
proach: J. G. Pratt, “Soviet Research in Parapsy-
chology” in Handbook ofParapsychology, Benja-
min Woolman,
ed.. New York, Van Nostrand
Reinhold.
1977;
Alfred
Douglas,
Extra-Sensory
Perception: A Century of Psychic Research, Lon-
don,
Victor
Gollancz,
p.
345.
In
1974,
it was
announced that E. M. Naurov, a principal Soviet
ESP investigator, had been jailed for two years on
charges
of having
personally
profited from
his
work
and
contacting
foreigners,
and,
in
1977,
Russian
security
police
detained
an
American
journalist for questioning who had tried to inter-
view Soviet ESP researchers. Reports of Soviet
VIPs seeking health treatment from a well-known
medium have appeared in the West, e.g., see n.a„
"Ober Ihrqm ein Leuchten,” Der Spiegel (35:17),
April 20. 1981, pp. 126-139.
'See Leslie Groves, Now It Can Be Told: The
Story
of
the
Manhattan
Project, New
York,
Harper and Brothers, 1962, p.
146ff.
’See M.
Ryzl,
'Model
of
Parapsychologica)
Communication,” Sdelovica Technika
(8),
1964,
pp. 299-302, AD-466927, and I. M. Kogan, "The
Information Theory Aspect of Telepathy,” transl.
F.
J.
Krieger, Rand Paper
p. 41-45,
1969. For
whatever reason, since Kogan's article appeared,
listing of ESP-related research in US unclassified
technical report indices has ceased.
‘L. Vasiliev, Studies in Mental Telepathy, Mos-
cow, Gospoliditzat,
1966. Joint Public Research
Service Document No. 10702, p.
175.
’See Adrian Dobbs, “The Feasibility of a Physi-
cal Theory of ESP” in J. R. Smythies, Science and
ESP, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul,
1971,
pp. 230-254.
'A. S. Presman, “The Role of Electromagnetic
Fields
in the Processes of Vital Activity," Bio-
physics, 1964, p. 134, also see na., “Biofields: The
Aura of Magic," Washington Post, July 20, 1978,
Sec. K, p.
10.
’E.g., see Horace Barlow, Henry
I. Kohn and
E. Geoffrey Walsh, “Visual Sensations Aroused
by Magnetic Fields,” American Journal of Physi-
ology
(L48:2),
Feb.,
1947,
pp.
372-375; Walter
Sullivan, “Finger Tip Regrowth Starts a Study of
Regenerating
Nerves
and
Limbs," New
York
Times, Dec. 30, 1979, Sec.
1, pp.
1 & 18.
’Alexander Kolin, “Magnetic Fields in Biolo-
gy," Physics Today, November, 1968, pp. 39-50.
In
the
early
1970s,
the
use
of very low
level
currents
to
aid
in
the
healing of broken bones
evolved from research on the electrical aspects of
limb regrowth in lower order animals.
"C. Maxwell Cade and Ann P. Woodley-Hart,
“The Measurement of Hypnosis and Auto-hypno-
sis by Determination of Electrical
Skin
Resist-
ance,” Journal of the
Society for Psychic Re-
search (76:748), June 1971, p. 99.
’For a brief critique and description, see Eliza-
beth
Hall,
Possible
Impossibilities,
Boston,
Houghton-Miffiin, 1977, p.
161.
’See
Stephan
A.
Schwartz, “Deep
Quest,”
Omni, March 1979, p. 94ff.
*Gerald
Messarie, “Le
Secret
du
Nautilis,"
Science et Vtf, No. 509, 1960, pp. 30-35, and n.a.,
"L'Armie Americiine dtudie le 6 sense," Science
et Vii, No. 508, 1960. p. 32.
15New
York Times Index,
1973; and
Bris and
Dick, New
Soviet
Psychic
Discoveries,
Engle-
wood
Cliffs,
Prentice
Hall.
1978,
p.
293. For a
more recent perspective, see Ingo Swann. Ban-
quet Address, "Proceedings of the
17th Annual
U.S. Army
Ft.
Lee.
VA,
#AD B 0362704. pp. 9-27
’’For evidence of a trend in the late 1970s, see
Ingo Swann, "The
Threat
of Possible
Psychic
Techniques
in Future
Conflicts, Proceedings of
the 17th Annual U.S. Army Operations Research
Symposium, 6-9 November
1978, Fort Lee. VA
(DDC#AD B 036704); also see Dennis M. Ross,
"Hypnosis
as
a Tool of Military
Intelligence,”
Military Intelligence (4:3). July-September
1978,
pp.
34-37; and John
B.
Alexander, “The New
Menial Battlefield: ‘Beam Me UP. Spock,' " Mili-
tary Review (LY:12), Decemer 1980, pp. 47-54.
.
nM. Ruderfer, "Note on the Effect of Distance
'
in ESP,” Journal of the American
Society for
Psychical Research (63:2), April, 1969, p. 201.
“N.a.,
“Space
Experiment
in
ESP
is
De-
scribed," New York Times, February 23, 1971, p.
40.
,
“See Harold E. Puthoff and Russell Targ, “A
Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer Over
Kilometer Distances: Historical Perspectives and
Recent Research" in Mind at Large: IEEE Sympo-
sia on the Nature of ESP, ed. Charles T. Tant,
Puthoff and Targ (New York: Praeger. 1979). pp.
13-76;
n.a., "Techniques
to Enhance Man/Ma-
chine Communication," Stanford Research
insti-
tute, July
1974, Final Report on NASA Project
(NAS 7-100).
"James
E.
Dougherty. How
to
Think About
Arms
Control
and Disarmament, New
York,
Crane and Russak, 1973, p. 52.
5lE.g., V. V. Druzhinin and D.
S. Kontorov,
Concept, Algorithm, Decision. Washington, DC:
U.S. Air Force, 1974.
»See Clinton Roche, “ELF and the SSN: Data
Rate at Depth and Speed Today," SIGNAL (35:8),
April 1981, pp. 29-32
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Approved For Release 2000/08/08
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the Pentagon is spending millions
psychology^
in a crash program to end Russia’s psycho-superiority.
BY RON McRAE AND SUE MERROW
Picture this sign propped. in the win-
dow of a modest storefront: “Madame
Zodiac,
Psychic. Palms Read. Hori>
scopes
Interpreted.
• Russian
Sub-
.iriarines Tracked.”-
.
spectral image analyzer.” Whitehouse
assured the gullible admirals they could
locate a particular submarine by insert-
ing a photograph of it in his machine.
‘ And only
last year.the Navy tested
«
!•
j
-v
...
_i
j
:
-
.
spending money on such a loony gim-
mick as an anti-missile time warp—
a
variant on Dr. Wonmug’s time machine
in the comic strip. “Alley Oop”—which
would
-intercept
incoming'
Soviet
is. thaft tHe ^United"; States Navy pays
beervas elusive
JnS s*nce World War
II, the. Outlays on
“Madarne Zodiac” and 33 ".other so-
. as the Soviet submarines; But the ever- i °ur
Outja-board
warriors- have -been
“Madarne Zodiac” .and- 33if.othCT .so-
. as the Soviet submarines; But'the ever- “j ol*r Puija-board
warriors have - been
. called psychics; $400’ a month each to l
hopeful Pentagon keeps trying.'Psyeh~
v
:/
;\JUs^e^-••as an answer to a perceived
plot' the! movements-, of. Soviet - sub-
;
ics ;-,and
•
so-called
“psychotronic”
:
threat from the Kremlin. But the history
marines.*;That’s. $.1631200
- a
year—
devices, which supposedly measure or
this branch of research
is almost a
peanuts by :Pentagon
standards,' but
amplify
mental
• powers;
are
being
caricature
of the pervasive East-West
only a small part of the military and inr
tested for their ability to break codes,
rivalry.
T-V'ri'.i
:
: teHigence-- community’s
resejuch' lhto
locate
hidden
missiles ‘and. penetrate
_
V"
'
parapsychology,- or extrasensory; per-
^ guarded military installations^^:;
‘
S
]
‘
Re^hch in the mititary potential
of ESP -had a low priority at the Pen-
./The
. -Navy . stoutly ; denies-' that
: it-.^ Advocates of these spooky projects,
tagon <juHhg the 1950s, and if it existed
employs subrchasing; swamis,' but The
using the dd “they laughed at Colum-
at all-in the Soviet Unioti, it was notbf-
Iwestigator - has
uncovered
a., long “ bus”:
. Youtine,
’ .Insist -that
. psychic
-:;V?«..•.
.
record of the admirals’ fascination with
weapons' are
ets
revolutionary,
and
•'
the;
possiblity
that
' psychics y jrnight
-•
•- potentially as important, as the atomic
>
-
-
somehow be able'to read the minds'
bomb. Physicists and other skeptics in-
Tht»'p*>ntrinf%ri ''*Anc
Vl
. —or the
' secret instructions—of Soviet
•
slst with equal vehemence that the pro-
-J*,®
submarine commanders as they zigzag
jects
are
1 ridiculous.
Despite the
crit-
alarmed. Was there (I
through the world’s oceans.
icism, the experiments continue, at the
“nsvcho-aciD” in the
-’-
taxpayers’
expense.
The
CIA,
the
K V. f y
•
-
.
•
. Dr. J.S. Lawson Jr., technical direc-
space agency, the National Institutes of
rnCtKing.
tor. .of
the
Naval
Electronic
System
Health,’ the National Security Agency
-
Command, told The Investigator, “I’ve
and the armed
services
all 'haVe
re-
.
-'
“
thought for 20- years that ESP
is the
'.search programs on one area of para-
N
way to fight submarines.” As early as
psychology or another.
,
ficially sanctioned. Then, in 1960, the
1952, in fact, a fop secret Navy docu-
All of these projects are cloaked in
French press reported
that telepathic
ment suggested that psychics be used
the
’ deepest
secrecy.
The
obvious
experiments
had been made aboard
to pinpoint hidden submarine pens.
reason is national security. But from the
the U.S. submarine Nautilus while
it
hi'
1977,
the
Navy
shelled
. out
few bizarre examples that have leaked
was chambered
in the
ice under the
$5,111 to a self-styled psychic named
ouri another possibility.for secrecy sug-
Pde..
. Research in the military potential
of ESP had a low priority at the Pen-
tagon during the'1950s, and if it existed
at all in the Soviet Union, it was not "of-
The Pentagon was
alarmed. Was there a
“psycho-gap” in the
making?
.
'
1952, in fact, a fop secret Navy docu-
All of these projects are cloaked in
ment suggested that psychics be used
the
deepest
secrecy.
The
obvious
. to pinpoint hidden submarine pens.
reason is national security. But from the
hi'
1977,
the
Navy
shelled
. out
few bizarre examples that have leaked
$5,111 to a self-styled psychic named
out. another P9§?lbi|itv for secrecy sug-
Charles
Va'.,
for a device he called a “multi-
believer
' might be
reluctant
to admit
ficially sanctioned. Then, in 1960, the
French
press' reported
that telepathic
experiments
had been made aboard
the U.S. submarine Nautilus while
it
was chambered
in the
ice under the
North Pole..
press reports were prob-
ably fabricated out of whole doth, but
HI
1 si
1 ‘:j
il
Approved For Release 2000/08/08TCTA-I
J8R001 700360003-3
parapsychology
researchers
In
the
Soviet Union— every bit as hungry for
their share of the defense budget as are
their
counterparts
in
this
country—
seized on the stories as an opportunity
to
win
approval
for
their own
ex-
periments.
That
did
it. A few years
after the
Nautilus reports, stories of questionable
accuracy
began
surfacing
here
and
there about amazing Soviet advances in
voodoo warfare. One apocalyptic ac-
count suggested that the Russians were
“Psychotronic weapons
already exist, and their
lethal capability has
already been
demonstrated
was
called
“Project Scanate,"
. and
its
results so awed some government of-
ficials that one exclaimed, "There’s no
security left!"
Swann and
Price were given geo-
graphic
coordinates
and
asked
to
describe the
site. Swann
sketched
a
target island in the Indian Ocean. Price,
did even
better:
he gave a
detailed
description of a secret military facility in
Virginia,
and even
purportedly
read
code-worded files (“Cueball,” "14 ball”
and
“Rackup”)
locked
inside
a
top
secret installation that monitored Soviet
space flights.
For his next act, Swann turned his
psychic eye on the Soviet Union
itself
and described a supposedly secret in-
stallation in the Urals in amazing detail.
He even told the astonished test spon-
sors that the secret base, was staffed by
"an
unusually
high
proportion
of
women."
Security
experts
in
the
“Project
Scanate”
audience
were
not
con-
vinced. But enough top brass in both
the CIA and the Navy were impressed
to push for expanded psychic resarch.
Since the Scanate
test,
Putoff and
test, however. In the summer of 1977,
Swann
and
five
other
Stanford
Re-
search Institute subjects were taken in a
Navy research submarine
2,OCX)
feet
down to the floor of the Pacific. There
they predicted
correctly
that the sub
would
find
lost anchors and parts of
sunken
ships.
The
Navy
did
not
disclose whether the research site was,
perhaps, the scene ‘of a World War
II
naval engagement.
This was the same year the Navy
bought Charles Whitehouse’s $5,111
“spectral image-analyzer," the machine
that could supposedly locate a Soviet
sub
by
ingesting
its
photograph.
Whitehouse
has
refused
to
disclose
how his gadget performed in 20 days of
trials, but the Navy bought it, and hired
'Whitehouse to
train two
officers and
five enlisted men in
its operation.
'
The Navy's obsession with psychic
weapons was a modest bonanza for the
Stanford Research
Institute.
In 1975,
the Navy gave SRI a $50,703 contract
to determine
if psychics could, detect
remote
electromagnetic
sources. A
year later,
it threw in another $26,000
to find out if the mindreaders could ex-
nauts, though, was their investigation
of
the
‘ so-called
; “Backster
Effect.”
:
That’s the phenomenon of plants sup-
posedly reading human thoughts. You
amassing
an Army
of
“two
million
trained psychics” whose mission was to
subjugate the world for the Kremlin.
.
The Pentagon was
alarmed. Was
there
a. “psychogap”
in the making?
Clearly, what was needed was money
Targ
have
publicized
their
findings
ert any influence on magnetometers,
v. —and there were plenty of charlatans % widely,.which has allowed independent
which measure magnetic fields and are
willing to help the generals wardoff lm-'- dnve^gators^
tests-X
-.[important in submarine detection:.'.
'
pending attack by the Soviet psychic ar- .".These experiments have been generallyjj’N By all odds the most bizarre research
.
'•f my in return fora few thousand dollars, V
negative,;, and none, has brought, the
undertaken, by our., seagoing psycho: ’
-
or a few hundred thousand...
'
;
—spectacular: results
claimed
for
.the
-
Scanate performance.'
-
Some of the psychics managed to
The Navy was unruffled by evidence
penetrate the U.S. Treasury—if not the
.
of improper procedures in the Scanate
secret recesses of the Kremlin. For ex-
ample,’ in
the
early
1970s
Stanford
.
Research
Institute'
scientists.
Harold
Putoff 'arid
Russell
Tard claimed
to
;; have proven that psychics could project
their minds and through “remote view-
.
;, ing” see inside any military installation ,,
the the world. The SRI psychics for
whom; these
incredible
claims
were;
made were Pat Price, now deceased,
Ingo Swann and Uri Geller, who also
claims the
ability to bend spoons by
mental force. Swann and Geller have
- since
been
exposed
by
professional
magicians
as
simply
gifted
illu-
,
sionists—that is tricksters.
Nevertheless,
SRI’s
“remote
viewing”
experiments
with
Price,
. Swann and
Geller persuaded the
in-
telligence community,
and
especially
the Navy,
that psychic research was
worth a serious effort, and of course a
serious expenditure of money.
In 1973, the CIA and the Natibnal
'
Security Agency arranged a top secret
is this rave
dPmQnWati<Atioi-at^Eg)iriReiB^Sdt2d00/68/6&^5l'A-RDP96-QQ788RnnT7nn^RnnnT.T
The Investigator, October 1981
can see the devastating effect this could
have: smuggle a psychic philodendron
into
the
Soviet
Presidium’s
council
chambers,
and
the
Kremlin’
darkest
secrets
could
be
ours—presumably
shuttled
to
the
Pentagon by
carrier
aphids.
Cleve
Backster
is
a
polygraph
operator who claimed to have discov-
ered that plants attached to a lie detec-
tor will “faint”
if someone thinks about
plucking a leaf, and vegetables’ growth
.
will languish
if they take a dislike to the
gardener..Many amateur horticulturists
have long suspected things like this, but
Backster
actually
tried to prove
it by
. “interrogating” a plant that had been
present at a murder.' The police were
After viewing Project Scanate,
-one government
official exclaimed, “There’s no security left
!”
Union,
in
the. hope
that
he
would
defect.
As a result of their evaluation, the
Army grew cool toward some psychic
weapons development—but not com-
pletely turned
off by any means.
In
1976, the Army awarded a $145,000
contract to check into the “aura” seen
abound human
beings
by
' so-called
Kirlian photography. The' researchers
found that the “aura” was an easily ex-
plained
interaction
of body
moisture
persuaded to march 20 suspects past
and ^
electric
field.
Army'
in-
the
plant,
but the
leafy witness was
vestjgators even managed to get photos
unable to finger the IdUer.-
•
0f
the
“auras” , surrounding
a
wet
:
sponge, a bowl of spaghetti and a used
Some of the Air Force’s interest in
prophylactic.
• “Psychotronic weapons already exist,
and their lethal capability capacity has
already been demonstrated.”
• “The ability to mentally move objects
has also been repeatedly demonstrated,
under
scientifically
controlled
condi-
tions.”
• “Research done on
the Transcen-
dental Meditation Sidhis Program.
.
.
has produced
evidence
that
individ-
uals can be
taught
to physically
lev-
itate."
• “The intelligence gathering capability
. of remote viewing is obvious.”
Note that he says “capability,” not
“potential.”
parapsychology is based on concern for
security of nuclear weapons.
If a Uri
Geller can bend a spoon by sheer will-
power, might someone similarly gifted
be able to move the quarter-ounce trig-
ger of a bomb the one-eighth of an inch
.
necessary to explode
ft? 'Or could a
mindreader pick the brain of a missile
officer and learn the code words that
control
the
weapon’s
release?
The
James
S.
McDonnell
Laboratory
is
conducting top secret studies on this.
When the adways-available Stan-,
ford Research Institute proposed a $3.5
million study
of '“remote
viewing”, in
An
important
point
about
Alex-
ander’s claims is that he's writing about
Soviet
research,
riot the Pentagon’s.
His
assertions
go
beyond
any
ex-
1977, the defense research agency flew
. perfmental results reported in this coun-
in a team of debunkers and SRI’s pro--
try. And
his
article presumably con-
The Pentagon is spending
generously on parapsy-
chology in a crash
program to end Russia’s
psycho-superiority.
The Army has not been lagging in
,
ESP research.
In
1972,
the Defense
Advanced
Research
Projects Agency
i
sent
a
team
to
evaluate
Stanford
Research Institute’s claimed results with
spoon-bender
Geller. The team was
headed by
Dr.
George Lawrence,
a
psychologist who
is open-minded on
the
subject
of
parapsychology.
With
him
were Ray Hyman,
an accomp-
lished
magician
and ESP
debunker,
and
Dr.
Robert Van
de
Castle,
a
University of Virginia sleep and dream
expert
and
a
past
president
of
the
American
Parapsychological
Associa-
tion.
. Approved For Redease 200
The team s report was totally nega-
tive. Hyman was moved to suggest that
Un cant r\n
st tmir nf the Soviet
posal Was quickly rejected.
.
, \ ;
;
-
: But
. it
is the Army’s “psychic
task
force”,
that;, has
reported
. the
most
alarming
possibilities
of
psychic
research. As Jack Anderson reported
several months ago, the secret psychic
task force, operating in a room in the
Pentagon basement, has come up with
some hair-curling predictions of Soviet
mastery in the ESP field.
According
to
retired - Lt.
Col.
Thomas E. Bearden, the Russians have
already
deployed
third-generation
psychotronic weapons. These include
the
“photonic
barrier
modulator,”
which can induce death or illness from
thousands of miles away with the ease
of
a
Haitian
witch
doctor;
the
"hyperspatial
howitzer,”
which
can
transmit
nuclear
explosions
instan-
taneously
to any point
in the world,
and
the
“hieronymous
machine,”
(perhaps named for the protosurrealist
painter,
Hieronymous
Bosch)
which
Bearden
contends
sank
the
U.S.
nuclear submarine Thresher in 1963.
Ludicrous
as
all
this may
seem,
psychotronic weaponry has its staunch
believers in government. In December
1980,
Military
Review,
the
straight
-
laced professional journal of the U.S.
Army,
published
an
article
entitled
stitutes
an
update
of a Defense
In-
telligence Agency' study in 1972, which
predicted, with something less than cer-
tainty:
“Soviet
efforts
in
the
field
of PSI
research, sooner or later might enable
them to do some of the following:
“A. Know the contents of top secret
U.S.
documents,
the deployment
of
our troops and ships and the location
and nature of our military installations."
“B. Mold the thoughts of key U.S.
military
and
civilian
leaders,
at. a
distance.”
ander. Alexander’s assertions are startl-
Inn
Here are a few:
C. Cause the instant death of any
U.S.
official, at a distance.”
“D. Disable, at a distance, U.S. military
equipment of all types, including space
craft."
.
.
Whether
the
Soviets’
Star
Wars
scientists have
actually progressed to
the deployment
stage,
as Alexander
seems
convinced
they
have,
there’s
one
federal
agency
that’s
taking no
chances: the Secret Service has com-
missioned studies on ways to protect
the President from the Kremlin’s mind
control. And senior agents from both
the Secret Service and the CIA have
been required to take courses in mind
control
offered
at
universities
in
the
*3waQft$c$on area, to prevent them from
falling
under
the
spell
of
Soviet
psychics.