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REFERENCES
(U)
1.
Hsin Ping,
"The Rampancy of Parapsychology and the Decline of
the
Superpowers," Scientia Sinica
(July-August
1975).
See also discussions by M,
Ebon,
"Peking Journal Denounces Telepathy
Studies," Parapsychology Review , November-December
1975;
"Parapsychology
in Contemporary China," Parapsychology Review
(September-October 1981).
2.
Reporter, Nature Journal
(Ziran Zazhi),
"Observation Report on the
'Non-Visual Recognition of
Images,'"
Nature,
Vol,
2,
No,
(September
1979).
3.
Chen Shouliang and He Muyan,
"Findings Concerning One Type of
Extraordinary Function of the Human Body," Nature
,
Vol.
2,
p,
715
(1979).
4.
Xu Zifang
et
al
.
,
"Observations Concerning the Ear's Ability to
Recognize Characters and Distinguish Colors," Nature , Vol.
2,
p.
716
(1979).
5.
He Dahua
et
al
.
,
"Observations Concerning Tang Yu's Ability to
Distinguish Colors and Recognize Characters with the Ear," Nature
,
Vol.
2,
p.
780
(1979).
6.
Chen Shouliang et al.,
"The Decline and Restoration of
Jian Yan's
Extraordinary Body Functions," Nature ,
Vol.
2,
p.
781
(1979).
7.
Jules Romains,
Eyeless Sight
(reprinted by Citadel Press,
Secaucus
,
N.J.,
1978).
8.
I.
M.
Gol'dberg,
"On Whether Tactile Sensitivity Can be Improved by
Exercise," Soviet Psychology and Psychiatry,
Vol.
2,
No.
(Fall
1963).
9.
Zhen She,
"Parapsychology,
Is
It Real?" China Reconstructs
,
Vol.
30,
No.
1,
pp.
50-51
(January 1981).
10.
Document No. FTD-ID(RS)T-1766-80, Translation Division, Foreign
Technology Division, Wright-Patterson AFB
(January 1981).
11.
China Reconstructs,
Vol.
31,
No.
6,
p.
(June
1982).
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12.
R.
D. Fowler,
"Travels
in China,"
Psi
Chi Newsletter of the National
Honor Society in Psychology
(Spring
1981).
13.
Zhao Yun-Je,
et al., Special Physics Research Team,
Institute of
High Energy Physics, "Exceptional Human Body Radiation,"
Psi Research,
Vol.
1,
No.
2,
pp.
16-25
(June
1982).
14.
J.
C.
Shum,
"Reading Without the Eyes—Report from China," Bull,
Brit.
Psych.
Soc.
,
Vol.
34,
pp,
125-126
(1981).
15.
Mei Lei
et
al.,
"Brain Wave Analysis in the Qigong State," Nature ,
Vol.
4,
No.
9,
p,
662
(September 1981).
16.
Luo Dongsu,
"Discussion of Non-Visual Recognition of
Images and the
Electromagnetic Sensor Mechanism in the Human Body," Document No.
FTD- ID (RS)T~17 66-80,
Translation Division, Foreign Technology Division,
Wright-Patterson AFB
(January
1981).
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Appendix A
EXCEPTIONAL HUMAN BODY RADIATION
Special Physics Research Team
Zhao Yun-Je et
al.
Institute of High-Energy Physics
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing
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Appendix A
EXCEPTIONAL HUMAN BODY RADIATION
Special Physics Research Team
Zhao Yun- Je
et
al
.
Institute of High-Energy Physics
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing
The fact that
the human body can develop
the ability of
exceptional
vision
(eyeless
sight)
suggests
that
in the natural world there may exist
a unique,
still unknown radiation.
Since
1979,
Szechuan Ribao
,
Beijing
Keji
Bao
(Peking Science Report),
Ziran
(Nature),
and other journals have
published findings on exceptional capabilities
of
the human body.
Using
available techniques, we have conducted complex experimental research
relating to methods of
testing and measuring such unknown radiation.
Among
these
techniques,
the most effective are the following:
(1)
Tests with nuclear emulsion film and X-ray film
(2)
Tests with thermoluminescent film
(3)
Tests with
a biodetector
(4)
Tests with
a
light quanta detector.
Exceptional human capabilities
can manifest
as various types of
phenomena.
We realize that only by finding
a precise,
objective basis,
and by gradually establishing controlled test methods,
can we bridge
research in exceptional human capabilities and present experimental
science.
Only then can we delineate the frontier between science and
superstition.
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TESTS OF
mEXCEPTIONAL VISION"
WITH NUCLEAR EMULSION FILM
In nuclear and particle physics
research,
testing with film is one of
the most reliable and convenient ways of detecting natural
radioactivity,
the presence of pi-mesons, K-mesons, E-hyperons,
and other particles.
According
to initial
tests,
the majority of persons with "exceptional
vision," while exercising their capability,
could expose film sealed in
a
light-proof container with Chinese characters which the subject was attempt-
ing to identify.
Over 700 tests with X-ray film,
over 50 tests with
nuclear emulsion film,
and numerous tests with ordinary photographic film
were conducted.
These experiments demonstrated that when the subjects
who possessed "exceptional vision" correctly recognized the characters,
they simultaneously produced exposures of
the film placed near the charac-
ters as well as other unusual effects.
Occasionally they were even able
to project images of
the characters onto the nearby film
(Figures
1 and 2).
When
a microscope was used
to observe unusual exposures of
a nuclear
emulsion film produced by Yu,
an individual with "exceptional vision,"
it
was
found that most
of
the
silver grains
removed from the membrane had
accumulated
in
a surface layer of
to 10 mp.
The maximum depth was about
30 mp.
The vertical distribution of
silver grains indicated that
the
influence of unknown radiation
is
similar to the effect of visible
light,
but the penetration of this unknown radiation is
somewhat deeper into the
emulsion.
Thorough inspection of
the container used for the film test,
of
the
testing methods,
and of the brush and paper
(for writing
the characters),
excluded known types of
radiation,
fluorescence,
chemical
interactions,
light
leaks or radioactive decay from producing
the observed effect.
Com-
parison of
selected containers
of different
shapes and materials
in various
experimental conditions
led to the following conclusions:
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was not clearly different from that produced
by
normal individuals.
The design of
the thermo-
luminescent film test
resembles that
of
the test
with photographic film.
Results of
these tests
partially confirm the results of
the photographic
film tests and provide a quantitative basis for
some initial measurements.
They not only show
that during
'’exceptional vision”
a
strong unknown
radiation is emitted,
but also
show that normal
persons emit
a relatively
low, unknown radiation
as well
,
(U)
For these tests we used American film,
made by the Harshaw
Chemical Company:
6LiF
,
7LiF,
CaF
,
and Chinese film LiF
(Mg,
Ti )
.
A
thermoluminescent dosimetric analyzer produced by the Beijing Synthetic
Apparatus Plant
(Model FL-369) was used for evaluating results.
TESTS OF UNKNOWN RADIATION WITH A BIODETECTOR
The greatest disadvantage
of photographic and thermoluminescent
film
tests
is their failure
to
show kinetic response
(changes
in time),
so that
there
is
no way to
study the delicate time specificity of unknown radiation.
Both the biodetector and the
light-quanta detector can demonstrate
kinetic responses
in a test
system,
but the various types
of biodetectors
provide more possibilities for experimentation.
We have already used
a
set
of
simple biodetectors for measuring bioelectric changes
in a plant
leaf
vein
(Figure
4),
Yet,
because the main component
of the biodetector is
*
a living system
(a plant
leaf),
we cannot
expect
that
the system has
sufficient
stability.
Nevertheless, because the degree of
sensitivity
obtained from this method
is
significant,
and because
it
is relatively
widespread and easy to operate,
it will certainly arouse the interest of
many researchers.
See Zhao Yongjie,
Xu Hongzhang,
et
al
.
,
’’Biodetector Experiments on Human
Body Radiation Physics,” Psi
Research,
Vol
.
1,
No.
1.
pp.
77-84
(March 1982).
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The system can sensitively record the impact
of unknown radiation
related
to the exceptional-vision process
as well
as indicate impulses
(Figure
5)
caused by unknown radiation from normal individuals trained
in exceptional
abilities.
However, when compared with the responses ob-
tained in the exceptional-vision process,
in the latter case the waveform
of
responses
is different
(Figure
6),
The other radiation sources used
(heat
source,
infrared
light,
and visible
radiation), when influencing
the biodetector,
did not elicit
responses
of
comparable sensitivity.
Because moisture and chemical effects produced different
responses,
they
were eliminated as possible causes.
TESTS
OF UNKNOWN RADIATION
WITH A LIGHT-QUANTA DETECTOR
The light-quanta detector overcomes
the drawbacks of
the biodetector,
i.e.,
its lack of
stability.
It yields virtually the
same results
as
the
biodetector tests,
although its degree of sensititivy may be insufficient
for studying trained abilities,
(For a design of the
system see Figure 7.)
The
system,
however,
is equally sensitive with regard to visible
light,
o
near infrared,
and near ultraviolet.
At
a wavelength of
4,400
A,
the peak
value of photon efficiency is about 20 to 30 percent.
The system
is also
sensitive to electrons above the megaelectron-volt
level,
such as from
a
Sr
beta
source.
Our oscillographic observations,
shielding,
adequate grounding,
and
other measures eliminated the possibility of
interference from environ-
mental magnetic impulses.
We simultaneously eliminated conditions for
light leaks and wear and tear during
the
tests.
Our tests have demonstrated that
the
system produced very strong
impulse responses
to the processes accompanying "exceptional vision,"
The
leading edge of
such impulses
is extremely steep;
the count value
is
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at
least
to
times more than the system’s control
value.
The value
of
a plotter suddenly rose within a second from 1000 to 10,000 counts,
while the control value was 80
± 20 counts every
s.
Such a high-value
ratio usually causes
a multichannel analyzer to generate overload blocking.
Individuals with "exceptional vision" must touch the surface of
the
light-
proof material
(many layers of black
cloth)
,
or their radiation will be
outside of
the "measuring area."
All
these factors obscure the above results
to
a certain extent,
although these results
do agree with the findings
pertaining
to the width of permeability and fixed-area selectivity yielded
by the film tests.
It
is
hard to imagine
that ordinary photons or electrons
could penetrate such material,
reach the photocathode,
and thus be recorded.
This
system can also elicit
a corresponding
response
to unknown radia-
tion produced by normal persons exercising their trained abilities.
Yet,
compared
to the special-vision process,
the oscillation of their response
signals will
be much slower,
and the intensity of pulsation much lower.
Study of
the spectrum of
rise or fall of
the count pulses in such responses
demonstrates that the response
spectrum of
the unknown radiation coming
from the exceptional vision process contains
a maximum of high-amplitude
count pulses.
The trained-ability spectrum contains almost no high-
amplitude count pulses
(Figure
8).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
The above four test methods, while still very rudimentary,
are rela-
tively basic and can be duplicated.
Their results are mutually confirma-
tory and supplement
one another.
The first
steps have proven that,
in the
natural world,
there exists an unknown radiation that
is reciprocally
connected with the
life process.
Compared with generally known physical
radiation,
this radiation has
a more complex distribution in space and
time.
When recorded by the biodetector or photon detector,
it demonstrates
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an impulse waveform with a rather steep
leading edge.
Its pulsation
intensity
is
at
least
100
to 1000 times more than in control
tests.
There
are no fixation periods.
This radiation possesses
a special penetrative ability and fixed-area
sensitivity.
Near target objects
it
has the effect of visible
light.
It has
a physical
basis
resembling
that
of unknown radiation during the
trained-ability activity of normal persons.
We hope that our first
steps will
lead to more progress
in research.
REFERENCES
1.
Yongjie,
Zhao,
et
al
.
,
"Detecting
’Radiation’
from
’Specially Trained'
Persons Using
a Quantum Count System," Dienzi Kexue Jishu
(Electronic
Technology)
(1981)
.
2.
Hongzhang,
Xu,
et
al
.
,
"initial Research on Special Radiation,"
Heyiqi
yu Fangfa
(Nuclear Apparatus and Methods)
(1981).
3.
Puthoff,
H.,
Targ,
R.
,
"Physics,
Entropy,
and Psychokinesis," Quantum
Physics and Parapsychology
,
Parapsychology Foundation,
New York,
NY
(1974)
.
4.
Eisenbud,
J.
,
The World of
Ted Serios
, Morrow,
New York,
NY
(1967).
5.
Eisenbud,
J.
,
"Distortions
in the Photographs
of
Ted Serios,"
Journal
of
the American Society for Psychical Research
,
Vol
.
75,
pp
.
43-152
(1981)
.
6.
Hasted,
J.
B.
,
"Paranormal Electric Effects,"
Journal
of
the Society
for Psychical Research
,
Vol.
51,
pp.
75-86
(1981).
7.
Miller,
R.,
"The Energies of Spiritual Healing," Science of Mind
( January-February 1976)
.
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$
1 ^4
Ik’L
sf't^Pi^^L/kiuy'^o"
FIGURE
"EXCEPTIONAL VISION" PERSON WANG.
Photographic exposure and
projection of
the number "920"
onto X-ray film.
FIGURE
"EXCEPTIONAL VISION"
PERSON YU.
Photographic exposures and
projection of
the characters "dian gong"
on nuclear emulsion
film.
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fSi> 14 HtwteULiAa
.
FIGURE
DESIGN OF LIGHT QUANTA DETECTOR SYSTEM.
(1)
Subject,
(2)
Photo-
multiplier tube,
(3)
High voltage,
(4) Potentiometer,
(5)
Re-
corder,
(6)
Image for recognition,
(7) Light
shield,
(8) Electric
shield,
(9)
Single channel analyzer,
(10)
Plotter,
(11) Oscil-
lograph,
(12) Multichannel analyzer.
M
n«:
lmpul8e amplitude
FIGURE
IMPULSE AMPLITUDE SPECTRUM OF UNKNOWN HUMAN BODY RADIATION.
•
= natural film,
A = unknown radiation produced by
a person
with trained ability
(Shen)
,
+
= unknown radiation produced
during exercise
of Exceptional vision” ability.
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Appendix B
STUDY OF
THE EXTRAORDINARY FUNCTION
OF THE HUMAN BODY IN CHINA
Chen Hsin and Mei Lei
Space Medico-Engineering
Institute
Beijing,
China
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Appendix B
STUDY OF THE EXTRAORDINARY FUNCTION
OF THE HUMAN BODY
IN CHINA
Chen Hsin and Mei
Lei
Space Medico-Engineering
Institute
Beijing,
China
ABSTRACT
In the Spring of
1979,
a boy in Sichuan Province,
China, was discovered
to be able to "recognize characters
(ideograms) with his ears."
This
attracted the attention of Chinese scientists.
A series of investigations
were carried out thereafter on the extraordinary function of the human
body,
including "reading without using the eyes."
Preliminary results
obtained during the past
three years are presented,
and
the perspective
on future
research in this field are discussed.
Entrusted by the Chinese
scientists who have engaged in
research on
the extraordinary function of
the human body,
the writers
of
the present
paper will
report on their concepts and efforts at this international
congress.
The Chinese
scientists'
attitude towards
the study in this
field
was
serious,
and they have made every effort
to ensure that their investi-
gations fulfill
the criteria of scientific research.
.
General Background
On
11 March 1979,
it was reported for the first
time
in Sichuan Ribao
that
a 12-year-old boy,
Tang
Yu,
in Dazu County,
Sichuan Province,
had been
discovered
to be able
to "recognize the characters
(Chinese ideograms) with
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his ears."
This evoked strong repercussions at home and
abroad.
Conse-
quently,
more than ten teenagers who also had this kind of function were
discovered one after another in Beijing, Anhui, Hubei,
and other places.
In September
1979, Nature Journal
(Ziran Zazhi)
carried
a report on
"Nonvisual Pattern Recognition" written by a correspondent of the
journal
on the basis of his personal observation.
This article confirmed that
the exceptional function of the human body,
or,
as
it was depicted in
the newspapers,
"recognizing the characters with ears," actually existed
and
is worth studying.
The
journal
then,
in its issues Numbers
10 through
carried in succession other experimental observations
by scientists
of Beijing University, Anhui
Teachers University,
and other units, which
verified the authenticity of the function.
In February 1980,
in Shanghai,
the Nature Journal editorial department
presided over the "First Science Symposium on the Extraordinary Function
of the Human Body," attended by representatives from eight provinces
anfl
three municipalities.
After this
the various exceptional functions
of
the
human body,
including "recognizing the characters with ears," became
generally known as the "extraordinary function of
the human body," which
is now the general term being used in the Chinese literature.
With the impetus of
the
symposium,
the research work has developed
further in various places,
and in May 1981,
the "Second Science Symposium
on the Extraordinary Function of
the Human Body" was held
in Chongqing.
Some famous
scientists submitted their papers6
and many others
read their
research reports at
the symposium.
Diverse thoughts from different
schools
were incorporated,
but no conclusion was drawn at
the
symposium,.
Before
the end of
the symposium the Preparatory Committee of
the Chinese Human-
Body Science
Institute was
set up after deliberation and consultation.
Afterwards,
in January,
1982,
the preparatory committee convened
a
special
discussion in physics.
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