Po INNS Py / f/f t\NN STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE Menlo Park, California 94025 - U.S.A. aN \ Td ae 22 February 1973 TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM A Progress Report on Contract Number 1471(8)73 Prepared by: Dr. H.E. Puthoff Mr. Russell Targ Senior Research Physicists Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 . I FIELD MEASUREMENTS PROGRAM, TASKS 1, 2, AND 3 A. Introduction Following is a summary of work carried out under Field Measurements Contract No. 1471(S)73, Tasks 1, 2, and 3. Tasks 1 and 2 cover a two-week field measurement program (14-28 August 1972) with consultant Ingo Swann; Task 3 covers a nine-day field measurement program within the time period 1 December 1972 to 15 January 1973 with consultant Uri Geller. B. Background A program in biofield measurements was initiated in July 1972 with a preliminary experiment with Mr. Swann. In this work using a shielded magnetometer, Mr. Swann apparently demonstrated an ability to increase and decrease at will the magnetic field within a super- conducting magnetic shield. This experiment made use of an existing facility and we have confidence that Mr. Swann had no prior knowledge of either the apparatus or of our intended experiment. The experimental results were carefully scrutinized and were unlike any data previously produced with this apparatus. That obsérvation is summarized in Proposal for Research SRI No. ISU 72-134 (Biofield Measurements Program) in your possession. Based on that observation, Tasks 1 and 2 were initiated to carry out further experimentation with Mr. Swann in the field measurements area, and, later, Task 3 was added to carry out similar experimentation with Mr. Geller. Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 1 .
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 and placed in a safe for which the experimenters did not have’ the combination. To conduct the experiment, the experimenters, two of which had to be present, were permitted to select an envelope at random from the safe, open it to identify the picture, seal it again and enter the experimental room. Geller made seven almost exact reproductions of the seven chosen target pictures, with no errors (see Fig. 5). Video and audio monitoring did not reveal any cueing possibilities. Figure 6 shows the results obtained when a drawing was brought in as a test by an outside consultant to a potential sponsor. The inspiration of the drawing was a magazine cartoon shown in the upper right. The drawing itself is shown in the upper left, and Geller's version is shown in the lower right. A double blind version of the drawing experiment is shown in Fig. 7 where an envelope chosen at random and unknown both to experimenter and Geller resulted in the reproduction shown, Two experiments to measure physical perturbation of laboratory apparatus were also carried out. One of these involved apparently exerting a force on a laboratory balance, and the other was the generation of an apparent magnetic field recorded by a magnetometer. Both of these experiments were performed several times with results improving with repetition, showing apparent evidence of learning taking place. Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 12
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 D. Laboratory Balance A precision laboratory balance measuring weights from one milligram to fifty grams was placed under a bell jar. This balance, made by Scientech Corp., Boulder, Colorado, generated an electrical output voltage in proportion to the force applied to it. The balance had a one-gram mass placed on its pan before it was covered with a bell jar. A chart recorder then continuously monitored the force applied to the pan of the balance. On several occasions the subject caused the balance to respond as though a force were applied to the pan. This was evidenced by a corresponding displacement shown by the chart recorder. These displacements increased from 50 - 1500 milligrams and were significantly different in signature from those that could be produced by striking the bell jar or the table or jumping on the floor, as indicated in Fig. 8. Efforts on our part to debunk the - experiment by the use of magnets or discharge of static electricity against parts of the apparatus were unsuccessful. Also, day-long control runs with no effort on Geller's part failed to reveal noise or artifacts resembling the signals produced by Geller's efforts. Therefore, the experiment indicated an apparent ability of Geller to affect the apparatus by an as yet unidentified means. Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : GJA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 E. Magnetometer Experiment A Bell gaussmeter was used to determine if Mr. Geller could perturb an instrument sensitive to magnetic fields. The instrument was set to a full scale sensitivity of 0.3 gauss. The sub ject would move his empty hands near the instrument in an effort to cause a deflection of the chart recorder monitoring the magnetometer output. In carefully filmed experiments, Geller was able to perturb the magnetometer causing full scale deflection without touching the measuring head of the instrument. Geller was examined before, during, and after experimentation with the same magnetometer probe to insure against the presence of artifact-producing materials. F, Further Observations A number of other observations were made which for one reason or another did not meet our rigorous protocol prerequisites for a controlled experiment and therefore are not to be included in the category of experiments A through E which we consider well controlled. Perhaps the most notable of these were a class of observations associated with one of Geller's alleged attributes that had been reported to us, which was that he was able to bend or break metal from a distance without touching it. In the laboratory we did not find him able to do so. It was always necessary for him in the experimental situation to have physical contact with any metal he bent. In a more relaxed protocol where he was permitted to touch the metal, metals were bent. This included SRI-manufactured and Approved For Release 2003/04/18 },GIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
.Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 serialized rings of brass and copper which were measured to require 150 lbs. force to bend them, However, it was not clear whether. such bending took place because Mr. Geller has extraordinarily strong fingers and good control of micro-manipulatory movements, or whether the metal "turns to plastic" in his hand as he claims. Our final conclusion in watching our films was that simple photo interpretation is insufficient to determine whether metals are being bent by normal or . paranormal means. In summary, the three perception experiments (hidden drawings in envelopes, double-blind hidden object experiment, double-blind die-in-the~box experiment) and the two psychokinetic experiments (depression or raising of a weight on an electrical scale and the magnetometer indication) do not admit of any ready counterhypothesis to the concept of extraordinary human functioning. Approved For Release 2003/04/18 ::;GIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 Iv SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The data gathered to date with the aid of consultants Swann and Geller point to the existence of an as yet unidentified mode of éxtraordinary human functioning. Efforts to explain the phenomena either within the framework of conventional concepts or by exposure of outright fraud have both met with failure at this point. With regard to the latter possibility, it might be mentioned that our efforts to detect fraud were quite sophisticated (including the use of consultant magicians on our part) under the hypothesis that subjects skilled in trickery might be sent to us to test the adequacy of our program to detect fraud. ‘The observations to date are sufficiently detailed and well controlled to indicate without doubt that extraordinary human - functioning has been observed, Further work is required, however, to obtain sufficient data to permit the emergence of patterns of cause-effect relationships and the elucidation of the mechanisms and agencies involved. Approved For Release 2003/04/18 1 €IA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 30 nN =) CUMULATIVE HITS _— So 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 TRIALS (p = 1/3 Per Trial): SA-2259-1 | FIGURE 1 17 Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 . HITS/RUN (OUT OF 10 TRIALS/RUN) “0 1 2 3 4 5 RUN NUMBER (10 TRIALS/RUN; p = 1/3 PER TRIAL) ,  $A~2259-7 | FIGURE 2 Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 .: CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 TEMPERATURE 50 SECONDS TIME SA-2259-5 . [ | FIGURE 3 , 19 Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
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Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 A MK a Z ae FIGURE 5 (Continued) Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 22
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 ur | FIGURE 5 (Continued) Approved For Release 2003/04/18 ‘2gIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6
69 60 Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 Ute | Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 24 FIGURE’ 5 (Concluded)
Approved For Release 2003/04/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6 7S) A \ Ff fe | aw £. ( [ i¢ 0 ig \ FIGURE 6 Approved For Release 2003/04/1 8, ,,CIA-RDP96-00787R000500100002-6