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4.
(U)
Objective A, Task 4— Gross Physiological Correlates to RV
(S/NF)
One
of
the persistent problems
in deploying RV
in an
operational environment
is
the
lack of
an
a priori method for assessing
the
quality of
a particular RV session.
The present exploratory
investigation
was
an attempt
to discover whether external physiological
cues could be
used
to discriminate accurate from inaccurate
sessions.
(U)
In an exploratory attempt to learn more about this aspect of the RV process, 20
RV sessions, comprising the output of one subject from a separate experiment, were videotaped
and
analyzed by
a
behavioral
psychologist
to
discover
if accurate
sessions
could be
blindly
separated from inaccurate sessions by gross external physiological changes which occurred during
the RV
session.
Behaviors
defined
and
coded
included
latency
to
first
response,
head
movements, hand gestures, and interactive and descriptive verbalizations.
Frequency counts of
each behavior were made and correlated with a measure of the quality of the RV.
(U)
Unfortunately for this analysis, the measure of RV quality showed no significant
RV
function.
Thus*
correlation between RV
quality and
the
behaviors
rated could
not be
expected to show a
significant
relationship.
Results matched
this expectation;
there were no
significant correlations between the measure of RV quality and the behaviors noted.
There was a
non-significant trend in the positive direction for latency to
first response which
is similar to the
measurement of latency from stimulus to response time measured
in another pilot experiment
(see Task F-3).
It should also be noted that two behaviors of particular interest, namely eye
movement and
facial expression, were not analyzed in this study because
facial expression was
considered too subjective without multiple observers while the quality of the video recordings did
not permit accurate observation of eye movement.
(U)
In
conclusion,
this
study
does
not
rule
out
the
possibility
that
external
physiological cues may
give important
clues
to the
quality
of RV.
It would be necessary
to
conduct a similar study with a sample of known high-quality remote viewing.
5.
(U)
Objective B, Task
1—Resource Library
(U) The
Parapsychology
Sources
of Information Center
(PSIC,
Rhea
A.
White,
Director) has completed two years of a multi-year effort intended to provide and maintain an
extensive data base
facility for parapsychological literature, described in a separate report.
The
overall
goal
is
to have
the
data
base,
called
PsiLine,
include
bibliographic
information and
abstracts of the entire literature of parapsychology and related disciplines.
During the
first year
of
a
multi-year
effort,
PSIC
purchased
the
necessary
hardware
and
software,
and
then
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(U)
implemented the
first working version of PsiLine.
Bibliographic information and abstracts of the
major parapsychological journals from 1970 to the present were entered.
During the second
year, FY 1987, the main purpose was to add as much material as possible.
PsiLine now contains
bibliographic information and
abstracts of the major parapsychological journals from 1940 to
date,
complete
sets
of
some
of
the
minor
parapsychological
journals
and
several
parapsychological
newsletters,
over
two
thirds
of
the
major
English-language
books
on
parapsychology from 1880 to date,
articles on parapsychology originally published in a language
other than English, and 1,000 relevant articles published in nonparapsychological journals.
6.
(U)
Objective C, Task
1—Personality and Health Assessments
(U) There was no activity on this task during FY 1987 because no new subjects were
added to our in-house subject pool.
7.
(U)
Objective C, Task 2—Analyze Personality Data
(U) A purchase order was
let
for this work to
Dr. David
R. Saunders
of MARS
Measurement Associates during the
first quarter of FY
1987.
Specifically,
Dr. Saunders was
asked
to
continue
adding new
cases
to
the
PAS/psychoenergetic
data
base both from SRI
International and from subcontractor sources, to continue his study of the relationship between
the Personality Assessment System (PAS) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
, and to
add known good hypnotic subjects to the data base as a potential basis
for selecting hypnotic
subjects for psychoenergetic research and hypnosis.
(U) No new cases were added from SRI during the year but Dr. Saunders added PAS
data on four subjects from Psychophysical Research Laboratories, two subjects from Princeton
Engineering
Anomalies
Research
Laboratory,
and
nine
subjects
from
John
F.
Kennedy
University to the data base.
(U)
In his work comparing the PAS with the MBTI,
Dr. Saunders concluded that
MBTI scores could be predicted from the PAS but that predicting PAS scores from MBTI data
was not
feasible
at present.
He
suggested
that predicting potential psychoenergetic function
directly from' the MBTI and then using the PAS to confirm was a better procedure at this time.
(U) On the basis of accumulating PAS data on known good hypnotic subjects, Dr.
Saunders identified several potential subjects in our current data pool who would be both good
hypnotic subjects and good RV subjects.
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8.
(U)
Objective C, Task 3—PAS Review
(U)
During FY
1987 we conducted
a thorough review of the
(PAS)
to
gauge
its
continued usefulness
as
a screening and
selection instrument and
a personality descriptor
for
subjects in the psychoenergetics project.
Data for this review came from published articles where
the PAS was reviewed or used as a research tool, attendance at the annual PAS conference, and
extensive interviews with several of the principal developers.
(U) The PAS
is
a
multifactored personality assessment
instrument that has been
evolving over the past 30 years using behavioral measures as raw data for making inferences and
predictions about personality and behavior. The early development work was conducted by John
Gittinger and
his associates
in a private
firm that served
clients
in business and government.
During the last 20 years, the test has begun to make small inroads into the academic environment
but
it remains obscure and controversial.
(U)
It was concluded that although the PAS appears valid and
is receiving growing
attention in academic circles, the instrument
is currently not useful as a screening and selection
device either by itself or in conjunction with self-report measures.
It is much too labor intensive
to be used alone and
it has not been found possible to predict PAS profiles from MBTI data.
In
addition, any type of screening use would require the testing of more high-quality remote viewers
than are available to the project at present.
Use of the PAS as a descriptive tool has continuing
merit and
it
is recommended that we continue to test persons who show psychoenergetic abilities
on laboratory psychic tasks.
9.
(U)
Objective D, Task
(see Objective G, Task
1)
10.
(U)
Objective D, Task 2 (see Objective H, Task 3a)
11.
(U)
Objective E, Task
1—RA Effects on Marine Algae
(U)
In FY 1986, SRI International awarded a subcontract to the College of Marine
Studies of the University of Delaware to conduct remote action experiments using marine algae
as target elements.
Protocols were developed during that year that would enable SRI to test, with
a living system, the Intuitive Data Sorting model.
During FY 1987, significant improvement was
made to stabilize the data so that standard analysis techniques
(e.g., ANOVA) might be used.
While
much
progress
was
made
toward
that
end,
significant
auto-correlations
persist.
Regardless, an attempt was made
to generate
successful RA.
SRI analyzed the
data
of four
participants and found no evidence of RA.
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12.
(U)
Objective E, Task 2—RA Effects on Human Blood
(U) An experiment was conducted by the Mind Science Foundation
to study the
possible relationship between intent to remotely influence a biological system and actual changes
in the system.
Three phases of the investigation were conducted,
including
a
pilot study, an
intermediate study, and a confirmation study.
The
first two were used to
test and refine the
protocol for the third and final study.
As a result of these preliminary studies and further input
from various experts, the confirmation study appears to have been extremely well conducted.
(U)
Thirty-two subjects participated
in the confirmation study.
Their task was
to
attempt to retard the rate of hemolysis (destruction) of red blood cells that had been placed into
a tube of distilled water and saline
in a distant room. Each subject participated for one hour,
broken into four fifteen-minute periods.
Of these four periods, two were identified as control
periods and two as protect periods.
The experimenter measuring the rate of hemolysis was blind
to
this condition.
During the protect periods,
subjects used visualization and other intention
strategies to
try to protect the blood
cells.
During the control periods, subjects were to try to
think
of other
matters.
In one
control and one protect
period,
eight tubes
of blood were
processed, and
in
the
other periods two tubes were processed.
Subjects were blind
to
this
condition.
It was used to attempt to ascertain whether observed effects could be attributed to
causal
relationships,
or
to
intuitive
data
sorting.
To
see
whether
or
not blood
source was
important, fourteen of the subjects were trying to protect their own blood, and eighteen were
trying to protect that of another.
Both subject and experimenter were blind as to the source of
blood.
(U)
Results showed
that
of the
subjects were
able
to
achieve
a
significant
difference
in the
rate
of hemolysis
for the
control periods
versus the protect periods.
The
probability of such an extreme result by chance alone
is
1.9 x 10-5
,
There was no significant
difference between those trying to protect their own blood and those trying to protect that of
another.
(U) The study was designed to
try to determine whether causal forces or intuitive
data sorting were responsible for any observed psi results. The extreme heterogeneity in the data
made
it impossible to make that determination.
It
is recommended that future studies of this
type be designed
in such
a way that data from each
subject can be analyzed separately.
It
appears
that
level
of
psychic
functioning,
whatever
the
underlying
mechanism,
is
highly
individualized, so that
it
is difficult to test a specific theory using data combined across subjects.
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