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C.
Resolution
In our standard remote viewing work natural outdoor target
ar
US
f
d
f ;
F°r
86 targetS resolution on the order of inches
to
feet
is sufficient.
As
a
first
step toward determining the
limits
of resolution,
ten remote viewing experiments, with 1/8 mile separation
in ^
^ target '
were carr ied
out with objects sequestered
in standard film cans,
requiring resolution on the order of millimeters
° centimeters
1118 target of the day was chosen by a random number
J
fr0m
target
poQl
that was Prepared in advance by an inde-
pendent experimenter.
All experimenters involved in carrying out
the
experiment were kept blind both as
to particular targets and
to the
contents of the target pool as a whole.
The experiment,
analyzed on
th«f-
b
?h
iS
° f
® tandard blind
J udBing procedures,
was a success,
indicating
that
the remote viewing channel permits at
least millimeter resolution
at
i/o mile distances.
D.
ELF Model
The ELF hypothesis suggests
that psychoenergetic processes
are carried by electromagnetic waves
in the frequency region below
kHz.
Experimental support
for this hypothesis
is claimed on the
basis of lower -than- inverse- square attenuation,
low bit rates,
and
ineffectiveness of ordinary electromagnetic shielding;
factors
(among
others) apparently common to both ELF and psychoenergetic processes.
Experiments
to test
the ELF model were designed,
based
on the
use of a submersible and the use of special shielded rooms.
Two
standard remote viewing experiments,
both successful,
have been carried
out
to date using a HYCO Company submersible.
Given a subject at
a
depth of 170 m,
and assuming brainwave- type frequencies
(10 Hz)
theoretical calculations indicate a minimum attenuation of 22 dB
(3.4 dB surface
loss,
18.6 dB sea water attenuation loss,
for maximum
transmission grazing incidence TM wave).
To continue experiments in this vein,
negotiation for access
to
a deeper diving submersible
is underway between the sponsor and
the CNO's office
(OPS
23).
Arrangements have also been made for use of
special shielded rooms at
the Naval Ocean Systems Center,
San Diego
California,
and these experiments are
in the planning stage.
E.
Submarine Tracking
Arrangements have been made
for a cooperative effort between
SRI personnel and personnel at the Naval Ocean Systems Center
for
submarine tracking experiments.
The initial experiments are to involve
tracking on the basis of targeting on a cooperative target person on
the submarine
(as
in the standard remote viewing experiments).
In preparation for this experiment,
three pilot series have
been attempted
in which a subject
is asked
to track a demarcation team
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07
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travelling
in the
local area.
(The subject was
to identify which grid
square on a Palo Alto map contained
the team in one case;
triangulation
y
earing compass was
tried in a second case;
discrimination of football
field yard marker
lines in a third.)
Although there
is evidence that
S'
“ ?ctivated
(yielding correct descriptions
of the target
site),
subjects have not yet been able
to show evidence
It
a\°T
Sed to
, acquisition.
Further strategies will be tried
channel
Whe
J
he
I
tra
!= king
is
a useful attribute of the psychoenergetic
channel.
If a strategy is
found on the basis of local experiments,
then
the experiment involving the submarine will be pursued.
F.
Physical Effects
The study of human/machine interactions as a psychoenergetic
IIZTL^
P?
8f
great difficulties
for serious investigators.
Long
these difficulties are the combined
facts
that
the reported effects tend
to be small,
and
that the local environment has rarely been monitored
for
causes other than the proposed psychoenergetic
ones.
In addition,
one
finds
that
the strongest effects
are reported as occurring with the most
controversial and/or suspect subjects.
Out of this collection of
questionable experimentation
(and often poor reporting)
emergy,
however
a few provocative experimental results
that
suggest
that
further careful
examination may be worthwhile and possibly rewarding.
Two of these are
experiments with strain gauges and with noise-driven random number
generators.
Strain Gauge Experiments
Mrfcwt r n
As
tt ?esul
J
of technical contacts with Prof.
John Hasted,
Eirkbeck College,
University of London,
during an Iceland Conference
on Physics and Parapsychology,
we have developed an interest
in attempting
to confirm his claim that he has observed inelastic and elastic deformation
of metal bars by some kind of remote human interaction.
During these
experiments the subjects are reported
to cause effects without any
physical contact with the metal.
In an effort
to replicate Prof.
Hasted' s results,
we
have constructed an electrically shielded enclosure having more than
135 dB RF attenuation from 10 kHz
to 10 MHz and plexiglass
sides
(to
shield against air currents).
Within this enclosure
is an experimental
system of resistive strain gauges attached
to a thin metal
bar.
These
are wired as a temperature-compensating bridge and connected
to battery-
operated amplifiers and recording instruments.
At present we can detect
changes
in the length of the bar on the order of 500 angstroms and
applied transverse forces of approximately 100 mg.
To date,
we have
been successful in isolating and correcting several sources of artifact
and have obtained hours of artifact-free baseline operation.
All of the
data will be magnetically recorded for
later computer analysis,
and a
simple stripchart record will provide immediate feedback
to
the subject
of any changes
in the bar.
We are encouraged with the progress of
artifact
isolation,
and we shall shortly begin to task subjects to attempt
to perturb the isolated metal
bar.
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2.
Random Number Generator, Experiments
Another class of experiments
that have been extensively
reported are those that
involve alleged human/machine interaction with
electronic random-number generators.
In these experiments,
digital
electronic noise derived either from a
thermal noise source or from the
decay of a radioactive material
is monitored while a subject
is
attempting to alter
the statistical properties of the noise distribution.
The usual protocol involves providing visual and audio feedback signals,
fn
a°M
ti
?
na
iK
t0
t,
Vari0US statistical parameters,
to a subject who
is asked
«?hL
b^
fe6
?
baCk Scenar *° to concentrate upon the feedback signals and
to
alter them in a prescribed way.
To date,
there have been 54 such experi-
^
eported
in the literature,
of which 35 report statistically
While T
° f these studies sh°w similar departures
from randomness during control runs without intended influence.
We are presently
in the development stage of a micro-
processor-based random-number generator.
We plan to use three funda-
mentally different sources of random events
to derive the digital electronic
no
se signal.
The first of these
is a diode designed by R.
H.
Haitz, 3 that
is completely understood from both the quantum mechanical and solid state
construction point of view.
A second fundamentally different source of
random events
is
to be derived from the decay of a single-transition beta
“:“er *
Lastly,
the entire system can be checked against a pseudorandom
s
ift register,
that constitutes
a third source of random events.
The
device design has been completed,
and construction is about to begin.
We propose to use this instrument first to attempt to
confirm the existence of the claimed phenomenon,
and,
if it is confirmed,
to begin to investigate theoretical implications with regard to various
modes of human/machine interaction.
In addition to the possible use of sensitive instrumentation
?? “rsetf for active perturbation efforts
In,
for Example,
e conmunication
link,
such study offers
the potential
for determining the use of such
instrumentation as passive detectors of remote viewing phenomena
"instrusion detection").
G.
Training
We have begun a series of communication experiments involving
the transmission,
from one laboratory to another,
of simple shapes
(e.g,,
T,
0,
A),
which also are of different colors
for each shape.
Data are being gathered
to determine whether this type of testing can
be developed into a training program.
The series was designed to
determine whether a gradient
series of perception tasks that mimic
the known development of ordinary perception would be useful in the
development of paranormal perception.
The decision to follow such a
protocol was derived from data indicating that the laws of paranormal
perception are congruent with,
rather than skew to,
the laws
that
govern ordinary perception,
especially under conditions of subliminal
presentation.
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With this hypothesis,
subjects were asked
to differentiate
among simple remote color card
targets
first on the basis of the
dichotomy dull/bright,
then with regard to shape,
and only finally
with regard to color,
a progression noted in the development of
ordinary vision.
Numerous data were gathered with two subjects who were
experienced remote viewers.
Analysis of the data, which shows
learning
in both cases,
provides initial support
for
the hypothesis
that
progress
in paranormal perception can be made on the basis of training
drills designed from what
is known about ordinary perception.
Further
data are to be collected.
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