Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-2 = Date Date 12 Feb 80 ae Se 8 Fed 8&3 13 Feb 80 3 5. 10 Feb 83 3 Mar 80 3 +S. 1) Feb 63 1 Jui 60 2+ «S. 11 Feb 83 2 apr 81 3.78 average 3 apr 81 7 apr 81 6 Apr 81 8 apr 6} 9 apr 61 8 Jun 81 6 aug 81 14 Dec 81 14 Dec 61 5 Liles Snow . 604 aad & Mov 82 Js #38 5 Wov 82 With ne Seed back ? found 14 Dec 81 7? Jen 82 © 1 Mar 82 15 Mov 82 21 Jan 83 1.21 Average FIGURE 3 PRE- AND POST-STAGE 4 ACHIEVEMENTS AVERAGED 9 Approved For Release zoo: ciAROPae a8 R003200160001-9 ©
Approved For Release 2001/0107 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 VI WHERE ARE WE GOING A. Enlargement of the Training Pool In terms of future work, it is feasible and desirable to further enlarge the training pool. B. Delivery of Stage 4 It is important that Stage 4, confirmed, packaged and ready to be delivered, be tutored to those who have completed Stage 3. Locating and stabilizing the elements of Stage 4 was quite difficult and it was in R&D for nearly ‘two years. It involves a significant "jump" from configurational data decoded out of Stages 1 through 3, into subtle data that bear sig- | nificane™ __ trained by Viewer A, a significant incremental difference immediately ee Once Stage 4 was stabilized and self- manifested ind site viewings as is shown in Figure 2 below. Stage 4 was applied by Viewer A to certain sites after Stage 4 had been isolated and confirmed. On a rating of.4 “““pvalue of 0 to 3, the pre-Stage 4 sites averaged 1.21 while those that incorporated Stage 4 techniques averaged 2.75. See figure 3 below. 8 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-R P96-00789R003200160001-9
aera Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : anita naieaeeaaaaiaaia B. The Phenomena Trained are not Unique to "Gifted" Psychics The overall context of the training course and the success of the given trainees has established that the basic psi-perceptual phenomena are not unique to "gifted" psychics and that given adequate understanding of them and carefully constructed training and practical exercises, selected candidates can take command of the phenomena encountered. Cc. A New Understanding Has Been Achieved With the comprehensions we now have in hand, it is clear that the psychical perceptual task is of a delicacy and complexity that goes far beyond any given understanding of it entertained in parapsychology in general. This places us in a status that obliges us to bear two things constantly in mind: (1) Se-called standard approaches normally utilized in parapsychology are predictably limited. (2) The most fruitful future work probably will be built upon the knowledge and understanding of the phenomena taken control of during the three- year project. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release at ae : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 VY WHAT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED A. Training Has Been Achieved Relevant to Stages 1 through 3, all trainees who embarked on the training course responded exceedingly well to the training procedures. The second group worked quite slowly due to other personal committments and scheduling. Among the first.» ~ completion of Stage 3; Trainee J has temporarily left the course due to “, trainees, Trainee K is nearing serious health problems. The second: _ _r1candidate only entered the program in 1983, but is progressing satisfactorily. TRAINEES TRAINING MONITOR FIRST GROUP a 1980 TO 1982 SECOND GROUP 1981 TO 1983 a a 1982 TO 1983 | CANDIDATES ey | en CANDIDATE 1983 FIGURE 2 THREE-YEAR PROGRAM CRV TRAINEES /ACCOMPLISHMENTS 6 Approved For Release aos : CiAREP9S-oo7eeRons200%60001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/97 : CIA-RDP96-Q0789R003200160001-9 jr end STAGE 1. STAGE 2. STAGE 4 STAGE 65. STAGE 7. STAGE 8. FIGURE 1 Approved For Release 2001/03/07:: CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9: THE STAGES SKILL. GAINED iDEQGARAMS AND IDEOGRAM PRODUCTION SENSATIONS EXPERIENCED FROM DISTANT SITE MOTION AND MOBILITY (LIMITED) AT DISTANT SITE RESULTING IN PRIMARY ARTISTIC RENDERINGS QUANTITATIVE ANO QUALI: TATIVE ASSESSMENTS OF VARIOUS DISTANT SITE CHARACTERISTICS METHOOS OF INTERROGATING THE SIGNAL LINE : CREATING 3-DIMENSIONAL MODELS SONICS (STILL IN R&D) HUMAN TO HUMAN INTER- FACES (AGO, 1084/1985) THE STAGES SIGNAL BROUGHT UNDER CONTROL SIGNALS THAT INDUCE/PRODUCE IDEOGRAMIC RESPONSES (GESTALTS) SIGNALS PRODUCING TACTILE, SENSORY, OIMENSIONAL ESTIMATES, DIRECTIONAL FEELINGS, ANO SO FORTH SIGNALS PRODUCING AESTHETIC RESPONSES IN VIEWER, SIMPLE SKETCHES ANO “TRACKERS” SIGNALS (MANIFOLD) THAT INDUCE ANALYTICAL COMPREHENSIONS (STILL IN R&D) SIGNALS (CONSOLIDATEO) THAT YIELD SIMPLE REPLICAS OF DISTANT SITE FEATURES SIGNALS THAT INDUCE VERBAL CONTENT EMPATHY AND INDUCE/PAODUCE IDEOGRAMIC RESPONSES (GESTALTS) “SIGNALS THAT IMPLY HUMAN PSYCHIC
Approved For Release 2001/0 07 : ciA-RDPS}-00789R005200160001-9 III TYPES OF TRAINEES ENGAGED During the three-year program, Viewer A acted as the general R&D source person, applied to himself as a test what was discovered, and what was organized as a nucleus training course. Subsequent to this, the first group of viewer trainees (Viewers B, C, and D) embarked on training. This first group had the distinction of being, prior to entering upon the training course, composed of persons who had had psi experience and had acted as experimental subjects in several other kinds of parapsychological experiments. Subsequent to the first group, a second group (Viewers E, F, G, H, I) was enrolled as a further test of the methodologies evolved by Viewer A. This second group was composed of professional people, each of whom had achieved success in their various fields of interest, but none of which had acted before as an overt psychic-type of person in parapsychological experiments. oo™. ~ eel Approved For Release 2001/08/07 : CIA-RDP96=60789R003200160001-9
1 Approved For Release 2001104107 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 II WHAT WAS THE GOAL? The overall goal of the CRV training program was to create, out of the features of CRV previously discovered, a training program through which the elements of successful coordinate remote viewing would be transferred to client preselected trainees. Any success in achieving this, implied answers to two items which were of paramount interest at the beginning of the three-year program: (1) That the specific elements of the CRV methodology were not unique to their inventor. (2) That these elements, given instructional body, could be transferred | a a , 2 Approved For Release 200103107 : CIA-RIP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 I GENERAL DESCRIPTION In 1981, a three-year training program concerning potentials in CRV was established. I was mandated, through consulting contracts, to organize the work and tutor the selected personnel and technical elements of this program. The specific sponsors and work designs for this program may be found in other documents. The three-year program is now at an end. What follows constitutes a summary report of the work undertaken, the results obtained, and certain projections for future work if a renewed effort is mandated. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1 The Stages. . 2. 2 2 6 © 2 2 ee eee ee we we we ee es 2 Three-Year Program CRV Trainees/Accomplishments . ..... 3. ‘Pre- and Post-Stage 4 Achievements Averaged . ..... es 4 Epochs of Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRF), R&D. . . 2. . se - 15 5 The CRV Training Task . . 2. 2. 2 ee ww we ee ew ew ew ew 16 6 Consolidation/Plateau Pattern . 2. . 2. ee 2 © we ew ew ew ew we 17 7 Instructional Procedures. . . - 2. 2. 6 2 2 ee ee ee eee 19 8 General Design. . 2. 6 2 2 2 we ee ee ee ee ee te 19 9 Special Features. . 1. 2 6 ee ee eee ee ee we we 20 10 Five-Year Increase in Yields. ........ oo ete 21 11 Trainees J & K progress graphs, stage 1, pl ........ 23 12 Trainees B & C progress graphs, stage l, pl .....e.-ee- 24 13 Example of complex site description, stage 2, trainee K, ‘Copper Mine: Silver City, New Mexico ......6+4e8e 25 14 Example of complex site description, stage 2, trainee K, Horicon National Wildlife Refuge, Wisconsin ....... 26 15 Example of complex site description, stage 2, trainee KX, ‘Monument Valley; Arizona/Utah. . ....... 2.2808 @ 27 16 Example of complex Site description, stage 2, trainee K, Florida . . . 2. 2 2 «6 «© @ © @ 28 a _ po Lii Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : TABLE OF CONTENTS I GENERAL DESCRIPTION . ~~... » «+ © © + II WHAT WAS THE GOAL?. . « «© « © «© © © = © III TYPES OF TRAINEES ENGAGED . « - - + + + IV STAGES OF TRAINING. . «© « « «© «© © © = = V WHAT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED. ~~ « - = © « + A. B. Cc. Training Has Been Achieved ... .- The Phenomena Trained are not Unique Psychics «2. «+ «© «©» © © © © © @ to "Gifted" A New Understanding Has Been Achieved. VI WHERE ARE WE GOING. .......-.-. A. B. Cc. D. Enlargement of the Training Pool Delivery of Stage 4. . 2.» + 2+ + +e - An R&D Potential for "SEARCH'' Has Come The Electromagnetic Connection VII DISCUSSION. . 2. 2. ee ee 2 es ee ew A. B. Cc. D. E. F. G. H. ANNEX: Approved For Release sootoal7 : cia-RDPeb.00780R008200160001-8 Background . 2. «6 «6 © © © © © © © © The Definition of Training ... - Epochs of CRV R&D and Training . . The Precision of CRV ... + +s - The CRV Training Course is Carefully How is Progress Judged?. . ... - Designed. CRV Training Course Methods and Protocols. . . Summary of Increase in Yields. - - - + + + 2 e+ - Examples of Stage 1 progress in graph form , ii . CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 10 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. Possible Photon Production During a Remote Viewing Task: A Replication Experiment, Final Report, December 1987-~Final technical report on a putative correlation between RV and the output from a photon detector (UNCLASSIFIED). Precognition and Feedback Dependent Remote Viewing Experiments, Final Report, December 1987-~—Detaiis of an experiment to investigate subliminal feedback during an RV experiment ' Computer-Assisted Search, Final Report, December 1987--Final results of a computer dowsing experiment \ A Remote Action Experiment with a Piezoelectric Transducer, Final Report, December 1987~~Final report of a subcontractor’s RA experiment with an exceptionally shielded transducer (UNCLASSIFIED). A Quantum Measurement Experiment with a Single Photon Interferometer, Final Report, December 1987~-~Final test of a quantum measurement problem--namely, to what degree does consciousness participate in determining reality? (UNCLASSIFIED). -16- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27, 28. 29, 30. An RNG Experiment To Test The Effects of Source and Distance, Final Report, December 1986--Subcontractor’s report on a long-distance random number generator, RA experiment (UNCLASSIFIED). An Experiment To Test Apparent Remote Action (RA) Effects on Electrodermal Activity, Final Report, December 1986--Subcontractor’s report on an RA experiment in which human skin properties were the RA target (UNCLASSIFIED). An Experiment To Examine the Possible Existence of Remote Action Effects in Piezoelectric Strain Gauges, Final Report, December 1986~-Construction details and description of a pilot experiment to verify the RA claims of a subcontractor (UNCLASSIFIED). Measuring Remote Action Influence on The Vertical Component of DUNALIELLA Velocity, Interim Report, December 1986--Construction details and description of a proposed experiment to verify the RA claims of a subcontractor. Remote Action Hardware Construction: A Quantum Mechanical Photon Experiment, Final Report, December 1986--Proposal to conduct a test of a quantum measurement problem--namely, to what degree does consciousness participate in determining reality (UNCLASSIFIED). 1987-—Fechnical summary of the first half of FY 1987's work \ _ \ —e, Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Mid-Year Technical Report, May Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Mid-Year Administration Report, May 1987-~Brief administrative summary of project for first half of FY 1987 ‘ 3 Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Final Technical Report, December fn ee 1987--Summary of FY 1987 results including comments by the SOC | \ Intuitive Data Sorting, Final Report, December 1987-~Description of computerized tests of the IDS model (UNCLASSIFIED). Review of the Personality Assessment System, Final Report, December 1987-~A definitive description of the PAS psychological mode (UNCLASSIFIED). Experimental Protocol for Hemolysis: Confirmation Experiment, Final Report, December 1987--Report on subcontractor’s remote action experiment on human_ blood (UNCLASSIFIED). The SRI International Cognitive Science Conference at Princeton University, Final Report, December 1987--Proceedings of a conference to discuss what constitutes evidence for parapsychological phenomena (UNCLASSIFIED). Fuzzy Set Applications in Remote Viewing Analysis, Final Report, December 1987--Application of fuzzy set technology and cluster analysis to the analysis of remote viewing (UNCLASSIFIED). A Remote Action Investigation with Marine Animals, Final Report, December 1987-—Final report from a subcontractor on a remote action experiment on marine animals (UNCLASSIFIED). ~15-— Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 1. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Quarterly Report 1, April 1986--Technical summary of the first quarter’s workt N 2. Phase I Protocols and Research Design Guidelines, Interim Report--Protocols of experiments for the Scientific Oversight Committee. \ 3. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Quarterly Report 2, May 1986--Technical summary of the second quarter’s work , 4. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Mid-Year Administration Report, May 1986--Brief administrative summary of project for first half of FY 1986 , \ 5. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Quarterly Report 3, August 1986--Technical summary of the third quarter’s work 4 h 6. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Final Technical Report, December 1986--Summary of FY 1986 results including comments by the SOC! y 7. Enhanced Human Performance Investigation, Final Administration Report, December 1986--Brief administrative summary of project for FY 1986' ; 8. Screening and Selection of Personnel: The Personality Assessment System (PAS), Final Report, December 1986--Description of psychological correlates to RV performance 1 9. Location of Target Material in Space And Time, Interim Report, December 1986--Description of a computerized “dowsing” experimentt 10. An Experiment To Explore Possible Anomalistic Behavior of a Photon Detection System During a Remote Viewing Test, Interim Report, December 1986--A replication of earlier SRI work to investigate a claim made by researchers in the People’s Republic of China 11. A Suggested Remote Viewing Training Procedure, Final Report, December 1986--Suggestions for RV training by one of SRI's remote viewers (UNCLASSIFIED). 12. Remote Viewing Evaluation Techniques, Final Report, December 1986-~Description of fuzzy set approach to RV analysis } 13. Parapsychology Sources of Information Center, Interim Reporn, April 1986--Report on a subcontractor’s task of computerizing a large parapsychology data base (UNCLASSIFIED). 14. Neuropsychological Assessment of Participants in Psychoenergetic Tasks, Final Report, December 1986--Description of neuropsychological correlates to RV_ performance 15. A Remote Viewing Feedback Dependency Experiment, Interim Report, December 1986--Construction details of a subliminal feedback RV experiment (UNCLASSIFIED). 16. Intuitive Data Sorting: An Informational Model of Psychoenergetic Functioning, Final Report, December 1986--Definition of a decision model to organize a large class of psychoenergetic data (UNCLASSIFIED). -14- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 200/1/03/07 : cla-RDA86-00789R003200160001.9 4 ‘ million per year. More funding would be required required if specific subcontractors are needed for the research effort. — Bt is understood by all parties that these demonstrations are —— 4 ‘ being conducted: , if the demonstrations: are successful as defined by the protocol! ~ sufficient wy funding over the next 4 to 5 years continue and expand the existing efforts. ~12- Approved For Release 2004/03/07 : CIA-ROP46-00780R003200160001-9 ! me
a ~ Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96},00789R003200160001-9 2. (U) Measures of a Successful Demonstration (U) The output from each experiment will be the sum of ranks assigned by the analysts. They will be combined to form a sum, M. Then the probability of observing a sum of ranks less than or equal to M is given by: where R is the number of possible ranks (R = 5), n is the total number of trials (n = 40), and M is the sum of ranks combined for the two experiments. * (U) The demonstration will be declared a success if P meets (or exceeds) the accepted level for 1-tailed significance (P < 0.05). 3. (U) Time and Cost (U) It is anticipated that a total of 2 weeks will be needed to complete the demonstration. Including travel time for viewer 372 and SRI staff time, the estimated charge for this demonstration is approximately $30,000. E. (U) Requirements for Further Research (U) To allow for proper planning for an extended research effort, we estimate that $250,000 will be needed for FY 1989. These funds cover both experiments and planning for an expanded effort for FY 1990 and beyond. ‘ yThe current level of funding for the CSP at SRI International is approximately $1.5 million. Except for some physiological and medical investigations, the bulk of the effort is for applications-oriented research 4 . ™ | Conducting a program having a mix of basic R&D that explores the fundamental nature of the phenomena and continues the work int ’ applications | would require an additional $1.5 million to $2.0 _ *(U)J. V. Uspensky, Introduction to Mathematical Probability, New York, McGraw Hill, 1937, p. 24. (UNCLASSIFIED) -1{i- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9:
Approved For Release 20011as(o7 : C1A-ROP96.0789R003200160001- b. (U) Experiment II--Natural Scenes in the Free World « »Viewer--The viewer will be Viewer 372, who has been with the program since 1979 and has participated in manyi 7 _} tasks and laboratory experiments. (U) Targets--The targets will be at least 25 outdoor locations in the free world. Before the start of the experiment, SRI personnel will record on videotape approximately 2-minute highlights of each site. At least five tapes, consisting of 5 target sites each, will be prepared. Within a tape, the sites will be selected on the basis of dissimilarity (i.e., to be as different from one another as possible). A target site can appear in one and only one tape. In addition, each location will be assigned its geographical coordinates (UTM) to the nearest 10 meters. Finally, packets will be prepared that contain a videotape of five sites and file cards with the geographic coordinates and name of the site that have been sealed in numbered envelopes. These packets will constitute the session pool. The analysis pool will contain duplicate videotapes only. ? ; (U) Target Selection--Using a pseudorandom algorithm seeded by a computer system clock, a videotape will be randomly selected from the session pool. By the same technique, a target will be selected within the designated tape. As in Experiment I, targets will be chosen with replacement, so that the same target could be selected more than once. ‘ ~ h Targeting Techniaue--A sealed envelope technique will be used. At the beginning of each session, the viewer will be asked to describe the site designated by the UTM coordinates in a sealed envelope. (U) Analysis Technique--An analysis will be conducted at the end of each session. The appropriate videotape from the analysis pool will be used for the ranking. The analyst must rank-order the targets (on the tape designated by D1) in order of decreasing match to the response (i.e., a rank of 1 means that target best matches the response, and a rank of 5 means a worst match). \______ Wwrocedure for a Trial~-At To, Viewer 372 and an SRI monitor will be sequestered in a locked laboratory--Room 304, Building G, SRI International. At brepresentative (D1), an SRI assistant, and the session target pool will be sequestered ‘ rp -Room 316, Building G, SRI International. (Room 316 meets the sound transmission class requirements of 45-dB attenuation over the speech frequency range. ) -9- Approved For Release 2001/03{07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : cia-Rops¢{00789R008200160001- (U) rank-order the targets in order of decreasing match to the response (i.e., a rank of 1 means that target best matches the response, and a rank of § means a worst match). 4 Procedure for a Trial--At Tg, Viewer 009 and an SRI monitor will be sequestered in a locked laboratory—-Room 304, Building G, SRI International. A : ,representati es. __. an SRI assistant, and the session target pool will be sequestered@ 7 g Room 316, Building G, SRI International. (Room 316 meets the sound transmission class requirements of 45-dB attenuation over the speech frequency range.) An SRI analyst and. ~“s representative (D2) will be sequestered in the project library, Room 206, Building G, SRI International. At To+5 minutes, the SRI RV monitor will signal room 316 by phone--letting it ring only once. . Neither Dl nor the assistant will answer the phone. Rather, Dl will generate random numbers to select a target packet and to select a target within the. packet. That target will be opened and placed on a table between D1 and the assistant. One minute after sending the phone signal, the viewer and monitor will conduct one RV session. (U) When the session is completed, the monitor will copy the response and take the Original to Room 316 and give it to D1. D1 will return with the monitor and the target and provide feedback to Viewer 009. Viewer 009 will then be excused. (U) D1 will replace the target in the pack and lock the session pool in a cabinet. D1 will leave the target pack number and the copied response on the table. D1 will signal D2 and the SRI analyst by the one-ring method and exit Room 316 with the assistant. D2 and the analyst will enter Room 316 (bringing the analysis pool with them), and D2 will observe the analyst rank-order the targets (drawn from the appropriate pack) against the response. D2 will record the trial data and analysis results in an experiment log book. (U) Number of Trials-—Viewer 009 will participate in 20 trials during a 2~ week period at a rate of 2 trials per day. (U) Experiment Statistic-~The output from each trial will be the rank number the analyst assigned to the correct target. The experiment statistic will be computed from the sum of such ranks. -8- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release Zootioid?: CU-ROPE6-do789R003200160001- 1. (UU) Demonstration Experiments (U) SRI proposes to conduct two RV experiments as a demonstration. These experiments are conceptually identical, but they differ in the target material and the targeting technique. (U) The protocols are designed to eliminate all sources of known potential artifacts. Furthermore, they are designed to demonstrate only the processes SRI has achieved in past experiments, not to explore new ones. All details, including a definition for success, are specified. a. (U) Experiment I--National Geographic Targets { ~~ Vjewer-~SRI will use Viewer 009, who has been with the program since 1974 and has participated in many { .asks and laboratory experiments. (U) Targets--The potential targets will be 100 photographs from the National Geographic Magazine. They will be arranged in 20 packets of 5 targets each. The 5 targets within a packet will be selected on the basis of their dissimilarity (i.e., to be as different from one another as possible). A target can appear in one and only one packet. This target set will be duplicated to provide a session pool and an analysis pool. (U) Target Selection—--Using a pseudorandom algorithm seeded by a computer system clock, a target pack will be randomly selected from the session pool. By the same technique, a target will be selected within the designated pack.’ Targets will be chosen with replacement, so that the same target could be selected more than once. (U) Targeting Technique--To begin a session, the monitor will say the word “target,” and the viewer will begin his/her response. The word “target” may be repeated throughout the session to focus the viewer’s attention on the task. (U) Analysis —Technique--An analysis will be conducted at the end of each session. The analysis target pool will be used to provide the target and its four companions from the pack. These will be presented in random order with the response to an analyst who must *(U) Complete details of the algorithm can be found in: T. G. Lewis, m for Computer Simulation, Lexington Books, Lexington, MA, 1975. (Piaaiuon Samal ~7- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00/789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CiA-RIpP96-00789R003200160001-9 a eee Oe The current program has three layers of oversight. Twelve | — senior scientists, drawn mainly from academia and from many disciplines, constitute the Scientific Oversight Committee (SOC). The SOC’s responsibility is to review protocols before experiments, exercise unannounced drop-in privileges to observe experiments in progress, review and criticize all reports, and provide guidance for future research. Their unedited comments are available as part of the program’s technical final report. (U) A.second layer of oversight consists of human use review. SRI conforms to the Department of Health and Human Services guidelines on the use of human subjects as part of its own policy, but, in addition and in cooperation with SRI, the current sponsor provides its own review of the project's human use activities. The third oversight layer is a high-level, multiagency program review group. Tt met during FY 1987 to determine whether the current program meets\ objectives and to provide managerial direction for the program. Its conclusion, published in a formal memorandum, was that the program should continue. D. (U) A Presentation of Psychoenergetic Research ‘ ) SRI proposes a multifaceted approach consisting of detailed briefings, access to members of the SOC, and demonstration experiments AY Specifically, SRI proposes: eA 1-hour presentation on each of the following topics: - Review of § , activity - Technical history and overview of current topics - Presentation by SOC members - Technical details of RV protocols and RV analysis ® Two demonstration RV experiments -6- Approved For Release 2Q01/03/07 : cia-RbP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : ClA-RDP96-0Y89R00%200160001-9 ances — ' ‘On the basis of the many years of research, SRI concluded that a persistent information transfer anomaly exists. The past research has been directed at exploring the potential applications for RV, so many research questions remain to be answered. B. (U) Current Program { SRI initiated a well-funded, diverse research effort as part of an R&D contract that began in FY 1986. The FY 1986 and the FY 1987 Statements of work were based on the assumption that SRI’s historical data base, when viewed in conjunction with the independent research across the field of parapsychology, provided sufficient justification to begin process-oriented experiments. These included various RV training programs; investigations of physical, psychological, and physiological correlates to RV; RV quality dependency on feedback; and a variety of RA and computer “dowsing” experiments. (U) Although in the current year (FY 1988), the focus of the work has shifted toward screening mass populations for RV ability, some of the more promising process-oriented experiments have been continued. (U) As an overview, a brief description of each of the final reports generated from the FY-86/87 statements of work are appended. The explanations only represent an overview of the experiments and should not be interpreted as complete. Cc. (U) Program Oversight ( ew} Since 1972, the CSP has had a variety of government, academic, and industrial scientific and managerial overseers. During 1972-1978, SRI convened an internal blue ribbon panel to provide corporate oversight and guidance. The primary purpose of this group was to determine whether SRI should continue to conduct research in this controversial area. As a result, the SRI President and chief Executive Officer issued a formal memorandum declaring that SRI should be actively involved in psychoenergetic research | } SRI management continues to support this decision. ~5- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-Q0789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/0607 : CIA-RDP96-00/789R003200160001-9 (U) The Cognitive Sciences Program (CSP) at SRI International conducts broadly based, interdisciplinary research to investigate those aspects of human behavior generally referred to as psychic. These phenomena can be divided into two main categories: (1) Informational--The acquisition, by mental means, of material that is secured from usual sensory perception by distance or shielding. (2) Causal--The perturbation, by mental means alone, of the physical environment that is secured from known interactions by distance or shielding. The traditional names are ESP, telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition for the informational phenomena, and psychokinesis, telekinesis, and materialization for the causal phenomena. The terms we use are remote viewing (RV) and remote action (RA), respectively. (U) SRI has investigated both categories in detail, but this white paper focuses on informational, RV, processes. A. (U) Historical Perspective { —, The CSP (formerly the Psychoenergetics Research Program) began in 1972 4 aa Ng to investigate the claims of Mr. Ingo Swann, a New York artist who appeared to have psychoenergetic abilities. The success of that investigation led to a multiyear, multisponsor project to determine the degree to which these a abilities could be used‘ ; (U) From 1972 to 1975, SRI developed an RV protocol for information acquisition. A typical protocol for an RV trial has four elements: (1) Target material that is isolated from the experiment participants. (2) A method of demarking the specific target (from among many) for the trial. (3) A person (called a viewer) who can provide information about the target material. (4) A quantitative analytical system for comparing the RV data with the target material. ™ _ < -1- —] Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00769 costalisoo:- ‘
) Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-0078 R003200160001-9 ( t | pretested with other trainees, the desireQ Ay to move ahead expeditiously with the training of this particular candidate resulted in his providing our first research data on technology transfer of Stages IV through VI. The trainee’'s attitude in this position is to be highly commended for (1) his readiness to accept coaching and tutoring in this difficult discipline, (2) attentiveness to all aspects of the discipline as it developed within him, and (3) his patience in working through the subtle intellectual learning process required. With regard to the quality of the remote viewing being generated on a routine basis, it would appear that Trainee #059 has an unexcelled potential for continuing to develop remote viewing as a viable information-gathering tool. c. (U) Recommendations for Follow-On Actions ~~" Trainee #059 is now in the position of being able to contribute valuable information for the carry-over of training into the applications area. Detailed authentication of the skills transfer (e.g., by extensive double-blind testing) was beyond the time/funding scope of this training effort. It is recommended ( ~~ . the Trainee's skills to pursue appropriate in-house tasks to determine the overall efficacy of the training _.. Should 4 interest exist in contributing additional archival research data (in- valuable to the overall effort), it is also recommended that authentica- tion of skills transfer be documented in appropriate scientific formats. For example, videotaping of sessions carried out under double-blind conditions (where access to complete verification materials is possible), would constitute an excellent vehicle for documentation. 18 Approved For me 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789 003200160001-9 Iv TRAINING EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDAT IONS (U) A. (U). Training Rate a nel - — eae Trainee #059 is the first individual to complete the six-stage training package described in this report. The distribution of site viewings over the various stages is shown in Table 4. The time frame involved in this effort was 21/2 years. An accelerated work program with recent trainees indicates, however, that this time might be shortened considerably. Table 4 (U) DISTRIBUTION OF TRAINING SITES BY STAGE UNCLASSIFIED | B. (U) Trainee Evaluation As the first trainee to complete the S-I through | S-VI program, Trainee #059 fulfilled an important role in the development of the overall training package. Although Stages I through III had been | 17 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00784R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00/89R003200160001-9 Table 3 (U) STAGE V SITES Response United Nations ‘1 Oct 2 Oct 84 3 Oct United Nations L'Opera, Paris Opera Factory, floating logs, Weyerhauser lumber facility making lumber Longview, WA Library of Congress 4 Oct Library of Congress 11 Oct 84 Keeneland Race Course, Racetrack Lexington, KY 12 Oct 84 Bureau of Engraving, Printing of money 30 Nov 4 Déc Geothermal production Geyers steam field, Sonoma Church at Lourdes Church at Lourdes 16 Approved For Reiepise 00100907 : anes ieee t
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 Lake Powell's eastern shore flanked by buttes), as rising land and water; (2) identified Ragged Falls in Yellowstone Park as a waterfall; (3) obtained an image of a dam in response to Itaipu dam (although incorrectly labeling it as AOL); and (4) provided a high-quality result Given the apparent integration of aptitudes expected in S-VI training, and the pattern of remaining problem areas designed to be handled by S-V techniques, the RVer was then advanced to the remaining S-V training portion of the overall training package as presently configured. Cc. (U) Stage V (U) Stage V is considered a corrective-action stage. Special "query" process techniques have been developed for the refinement of certain types of data as they emerge, and for the correction of AOLs by the determination of what lies underneath. ‘ , Progress on incorporating S-V techniques into the RV process was very rapid for Trainee #059, in part because of having assimilated the S-VI structure first. Only eight sites were required to declare Trainee #059 complete on S-V. The trainee's responses to the sites are listed in Table 3. , In addition to the results generated in the SRI training format (Table 3), t Trainee #059 began a series of verification tests under controlled conditions. It is reported that in the two tests done to date (carried out under conditions in which no feedback is provided to the RVer as the descriptions are being generated), results of the quality reported in the above table were obtained. 15 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R0D3200160001-9 t i
Approved For Releage 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 mode, a circumscribed intrasession feedback is an option typically used by the training monitor for pedagogical purposes. Feedback phrases consist of five statements, given at appropriate times: "correct, probably correct, near, can't feedback, site:." (v) with regard to the emphasis on modeling, it should be noted that the use of such an approach (which was derived empirically) is not simply an attempt to render a more exact representation of the site than can be done verbally, or by means of drawings. Rather, the kines- thetic activity during modeling appears to (1) quench AOL formation associated with purely cerebral processes, and (2) act as a trigger to produce further analytical content on the site--even concerning aspects not being specifically addressed by the modeling. (U) In the delivery of the Stage V and Stage VI training package, S-VI was delivered out of sequence, i.e., delivered first. When RVer #059 completed S-IV training only S-VI training was ready for delivery; S-V training was still in.R&D. Because the purpose of S-V is to correct and elaborate, which is an addition to, rather than a foundation for, the use of S-VI procedures, delivery of the two stages in reverse order was an acceptable option. The two stages will therefore be discussed in the order of delivery. B. (U) Stage VI (U) Altogether, 19 sites (listed in Table 2) were used in the S-VI training sequence. (U) As indicated in the footnote to Table 2, those sites noted with a single asterisk (five) are ones for which clay models were con- structed by the trainee during the training session, before access to any feedback materials. All five are shown in Figures lL through 5. As can be see, the similarities of the models to the sites are striking. ( . j Among the six test sessions used to complete the S-VI series (in which no feedback was given during the session), the trainee correctly (1) described the Padre Bay, Utah, site (a point on 8 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : cee eNe—w—=»
A Cli pproved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 L Stage I and Stage Il, visual images may emerge spontaneously. In that case, they are not suppressed, but simply noted and labeled as AOLs. 4. (U) Stage IIL (Dimension, Motion and Mobility) (U) Whereas in Stage I and Stage II viewing, data appear to emerge (typically) as fragmented data bits, in Stage III, we observe the emergence of a broader concept of the site. With Stage I and II data forming a foundation, contact with the site appears sufficiently strengthened that the viewer begins to have an overall appreciation of the site as a whole (which we label "aesthetic impact"). Dimensional aspects such as size, distance, and motion begin to come into play, and emphasis is placed on generating configurational outlines and sketches (e.g., the outline of a city). Examples generated by RVer #059, the RVer of this study, can be found in the footnoted reference.” 5. (U) Stage IV (General Analytical Aspects) \ Because of the apparent increased contact with the site that occurs in Stage III (a “widening of the aperture" as it were), data of an analytical nature begin to emerge. This follow-on process constitutes Stage Iv in our nomenclature. Contained in Stage IV data are elements that go beyond the strictly observational, such as ambience | } cultural factors co _ and function or purpose\ . | Thus, Stage IV viewing transcends simple physical descriptions of what is visible to the eye, to take into account human intention. Because, One | joint of view, it is the latter that is typically a matter of concern, Stage IV is considered to be the threshold for crossover into &pplicatron C utility. ae me 7 (U) Puthoff, H. E., "Special Orientation Techniques: g-IV (U)," SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (July 1984), wer Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 —
Approved For Releage 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-0 003200160001-9 I OBJECTIVE (WU) —_ - SRI International is tasked with developing remote viewing (RV)* enhancement techniques » Of par- ticular interest is the development of procedures that have potential ,application, and that can be transmitted to others in aj structured fashion (i-e., "training" procedures). ___y Under particular study in this effort is whether | Semana i a Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) technology, a technique that utilizes coordinates to facilitate acquisition of a remote-viewing target, can be successfully transferred Qs. 5 “(U) RV is the acquisition and description, by mental means, of infor- mation blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding. R003200160001-9
cee ee ce nae Approved Ep r Release 2001/03/07 : CIA- RD) 96- 03200169001-9 Final Report December 1. Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 December 1984 SPECIAL ORIENTATION TECHNIQUES: s-V, S-VI (U) _ ee ed I Ui ternettionell PC A SRI Project | Approved by: b Copy Ne. ..... is document consists of 22 } me pe ee PEL eEENRIR oe ad ane aeme earememerrir remmratanns = Sma Approve rover ed For Reledse2001/03077 CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160901-9 © ia = 7.
Approved For Releage 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 V SUMMARY (VU) A. (U) Overview 2 epee The research effort described in this report addresses the requirement: sto develop techniques to locate§ __* targets of interest whose positions are not known, or are known only approximately. Specifically, we have investigated the possible use of psychoenergetic search techniques as an adjunct to other technological means. Experiments have been carried out, examining several promising methods that have emerged in the field over the past decade or so. Care has been taken to assess the various procedures under strict double-blind conditions, and have included successful application to the location of targets under client control over baselines of several thousand km. B. (U) Focus of Investigation (U) In this study the search techniques under consideration have been investigated in applications ranging from the locations of objects hidden in the same building as the search RVer, to the search for an individual or building over transcontinental baselines. The methods examined range from simple one-step map marking (“map dowsing”), to calculator—and computer-assisted search involving sophisticated statistical averaging techniques. (U) Strong evidence emerged in this study that certain individuals using certain techniques were capable of narrowing down the area of target location to a statistically significant degree, indicating the basic viability of the psychoenergetic approach as a search tool. — 28 - Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96;00789R003200160001-9 ]
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (U) evaluation program to determine the most likely location. Should this technique prove successful, it has wide application beyond the spatial location of targets of interest. Because the CAS algorithm only involves selecting the proper moment to register a response, the meaning of the numbers used in the cycle counter is completely arbitrary, and thus can correspond to the elements of any discrete search problem. G. }- Controlled Long-Distance Test of “Agent”/Building Search, Facility Level (Continuum) As a measure of progress made during the contract effort, a test was 4 proposed in which the Search team put together by SRI would attempt to locate targets ‘ . For this purpose two experimental series were designed and carried out. 1. (UU) Long~Distance “Agent” Search \ > For the first test series,4 } personnel chose a series of ten locations y Each of the ten locations were to be visited, in turn, for one hour, at predetermined times,® by an Magen — Members of the Search team where given a photograph of the “agent” to be located, a listing of the target limes (1100 and 1600, EST, on 28-30 November, and on 3~4 Dec.), and a map -_ ( _ marked with a 1.5 km x 1.5 km square indicating the overall target area of iterest. (U) Four Search RVers were chosen for this task (Nos. 164, 688, 198, and 232), three of whom demonstrated success in other search tasks covered in this report, the fourth (#232) being reported as having been successful in experiments conducted in a training class ’ taught by one of the others (4198). During the time-frame of the experiment, two of the RVers were located in California (Nos.164 and 688), while the remaining two were in Florida. Thus, the experiment was carried out over baselines of several thousand km. (: _ The experiment was carried out with the SRI researchers blind as to the target locations (that is, the experiment was double blind.) At the end of the targeting period, the search-determined locations were transmitted: , after which a list of the actual target locations used were made available to the SRI team. -24~- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
q t Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP9§-00789R003200160001-9 Table 5 (U) RESULTS OF BASIC INVESTIGATION (p-values) *Tested against the hypothesis that time > space. Tsignificant trarget avoidance. UNCLASSIFIED 3. (U) CAS Against Real Targets (Application) As a final test, can CAS techniques be used to locate unknown targets \ The use of both static and dynamic techniques will be considered. (U) In the case of the latter, a useful technique is to divide the search space into N regions. A counter is incremented once each millisecond as before, but it begins at one and recycles after N+ 1. The extra cell is used to cover the case of “none of the above”. To illustrate how this technique might work, let us consider the case of a kidnap victim who is suspected of being held somewhere in the west Beruit area. This area is divided into 20 regions of interest. (The CAS counter then cycles through 21.) A large number of trials are collected for a given participant, and a large number of participants could be used. Statistics developed during the known target portion of the study would be used as an input to the Approved For Release 2001/03/07": CIA-RDP9 -00789R003200160001-9 TORN
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (U) participant was constrained to provide a few trials (< 5) at each sitting. The analysis that was used is described in Section III.A. (U) From a purely mechanistic point of view, we might expect that locating a dynamically-moving target would be “easier” than a static one. Because the target is moving once a millisecond, the target is, on the average, actually “under” the mouse button twice each second. Thus, two times a second, the participant has the opportunity to locate the target correctly. He/she must, however, press the mouse button at the proper time (finding a dynamically-moving target translates to finding a moment in time to initiate a response). In the static case, it is possible (worst case) that the location will never be under the mouse button, because the RVer, in moving the button display around the screen, misses the actual location. Thus, we would expect a bias in favor of finding the dynamic target simply because the number of opportunities of registering the correct response is greater. (U) The results of the basic investigation are shown in Table 5. Five of the seven participants produced significant evidence of psychoenergetic functioning (p < 0.0004). Of these five, three produced results favoring the timing hypothesis, and two favored the “dowsing” hypothesis. Two participants produced significant differences between temporal and spatial “dowsing,” one (#531) favoring temporal, the other (#807) favoring spatial. Participant 531 showed a 27 percent reduction from the mean chance expectation (MCE) distance of 10.4 units, while Participant 807 showed a 16.1 percent reduction. Overall, there is strong evidence that individuals can locate abstract computer generated targets, yet there is no evidence that there is a preference for the timing technique. 2. (U) Location of Real-World Targets (Known) { ~ ,; The first step in determining if the CAS technique is capable of locating unknown targets of interest, is to demonstrate that the technique can be applied to real-world targets whose locations are known. This step has been taken under Fontrolled test conditions, as described in Section G. —-22- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-0078BR003200160001-9 -
Approved For Relgase 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 F. (U) Computer Assisted Search (CAS) { To determine the applicability of computers as aids in the general search problem, we have developed a graduated series of studies—beginning at a basic level of investigation and evolving toward real-time | applications. As a first step in determining the degree to which a computer can be used as an aid in search problems, an experiment was conducted that demonstrated that an abstract computer—generated target could be located by psychoenergetic means. The next stage involved testing whether an “association” between an abstract computer “target” and an actual target could be established. 1. (U) Basic Investigation (Simulation) (U) We have conducted an experiment to determine if an abstract computer-— generated target can be located by psychoenergetic means. To accomplish this, we designed an experiment that would also provide information with regard to two possible mechanisms: @ To search in space for a target that remains fixed for the duration of a trial. e To search for a target that is rapidly moving in space. (U) The first case is the more familiar “dowsing” situation; a target, whose location is unknown, must be found by psychoenergetic means. The second case was established dn the basis of earllier research at SRI. Namely, that it is possible for an individual to initiate an action at the proper time to optimize the result of a psychoenergetic experiment. ; (U) During the CAS experiment, seven individuals were asked to contribute 50 trials each. To test the “dowsing” hypothesis, the target location was fixed throughout a trial. To test the timing hypothesis, the target location was changed once each millisecond. Dynamic versus Static target trials were determined by a balanced random protocol that was the same for/each of the participants. Furthermore, they were unaware that there were two test conditions. A bounded area representing the perimeter of a 20 x 20 cell matrix was shown to the participant, who could register his/her response by moving a graphics pointing device (mouse), and could press a button to indicate the choice. Each participant was told that the target could be any place within the display boundary, and when the moment “seemed right,” could register his/her choice by pressing the button on the mouse. Each Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 aT, Dd. ! Simulation of “Agent”/Facility Search (Continuum) A series of trials was undertaken with a special RVer, recommended by the American Society of Dowsers, who responded to an invitation to participate in the SRI search program (#198). An initial exploratory series of eight trials was carried out as in —a Experiment B, Condition 1,4 The results were not beyond chance expectation. Debriefing of the RVer revealed a : preference for tasks that involved people, as in locating people, or places inhabited by people. Therefore, a second exploratory series of fifteen trials was performed, the first ten of which repeated the same experiment, but with an individual replacing the object. For the remaining five trials, the target area in which the individual was located was expanded to the SRI complex as in Experiment C above. The overall result in this series also was not beyond chance expectation, but the target/response pair distances were ordered such that there was a trend from larger to smaller distances as the series progressed, which began to approach statistical significance (p = 0.07). Therefore, a more extensive series was planned in which “peopled” locations were to be the targets. (U) For this series, the target area was a > 20 sq. km area (4.8 km X 4.8 km). The viewer was provided a satellite photograph of the area with a 20 x 20 unit grid overlay. In order to investigate potential differences in targeting strategies, a targeting protocol was prepared for the series in which, on an intermixed basis, the RVer was targeted on being (1) given a photograph of the site, e.g., of a house, (2) told that an experimenter known to the RVer was at a site, (3) told the name of the site (e.g., Stacey’s Bookstore). Twenty-one trials were carried out under this protocol: six under targeting method (1), six under targeting method (2), and nine under targeting method (3). (U) In the 4.8-km-square area, the mean chance expectation distance is 2.5 km. In the 21-trial sequence, the target/response pair distances ranged from a maximum of 3.36 km to a minimum of 0.34 km, with a mean of 1.55 km. This result (a 38 percent reduction from MCE) is statistically significant at p = 1.1 X 10°. (U) With regard to the difference in RVer performance between targeting conditions, the mean target/response pair distance was least for the photo-targeting condition (1), median for the person-targeting condition (2), and maximum for the name-targeting condition (3)—1.15 km, 1.58 km, and 1.80 km respectively. One-way analysis of variance ~i12- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R)03200160001-9 ~ { 5 1
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP8®,00789R003200160001-9 (U) — aspect to it than in Condition I, where the task is structured more along application lines of an experimenter and RVer searching for an object placed by a third party. Another difference is that the second series followed the first; the trend may simply reflect the “decline” effect that is typical in the psychoenergetics field when experimentation becomes a repetitive routine. Further work along these lines would be required to clarify this particular facet. Nonetheless, with both sets of data combined, the overall result, a mean target/response pair distance of 16.2 ft (17 percent reduction of MCE), is statistically significant at p = 0.01. Thus, the experimental series as a whole indicates that the application of psychoenergetic search techniques, although not yet developed to high accuracy, can augment other techniques in locating small target objects in a remote, otherwise inaccessible, space. C. 4 ‘Simulation of “Agent” Search, Facility Level (Continuum) (U) The RVer who participated in the above experiment was asked to take part in a second experiment of a similar nature. In the second case, the target was to be a person, located somewhere on the grounds of the SRI 70-acre complex. The RVer entered the RV chamber on the ‘third floor of the RPL, then an experimenter was sent to a random location, determined by entry into a random number generator for x-y coordinates on a 20 X 20 unit grid. (U) Forty trials were carried out——20 in each of two conditions; the second condition differed from the first only in that the RVer had in his possession a sample of hair from the individual to be targeted (to test the so-called “witness” concept, part of the lore in dowsing studies). (U) The outcome of this experiment was that neither series yielded results differing from chance expectation, nor was there any significant difference between the two conditions. Although the RVer expressed subjective differences in attempting to locate a person (as opposed to an object), no conclusions as to the difference between the two Experiments B and C* could be drawn. *(U) Defined in Subsections B and C of this chapter and hereafter referred to as Experiments B and C. -ti- Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 IV EXPERIMENTAL EFFORT (UV) A. (U) General (U) In pursuing the search task, SRI engaged several remote viewers (RVers) ranging from (1) volunteer subjects, (2) experienced SRI RVers, through (3) well-known professional “dowsers” (who were contacted through the American Society of Dowsers). In somewhat extensive work with the latter, every effort was made to determine whether whatever skills could be demonstrated might be of a transferable nature. B. | : Simulation of “Bug” Search (Continuum) | Described here is a test of whether a search procedure involving attempts to locate small objects in a roon., | would be successful. The target location was a large conference room in which a >1400 sq. ft. area (37.5 % 37.5 ft) was designated as the potential target area. For each trial, a small hand-size object was chosen (e.g., a calculator) then placed somewhere in the conference room—the location was determined by entry into a random number generator for x~y coordinates on a 20 X 20 unit grid. (U) A total of 50 trials, 25 in each of two conditions (labeled I and 11), was carried out with an experienced SRI RVer (#688) as search percipient. The RVer was in the RV chamber on the third floor of the Radio Physics Laboratory (RPL); the target area was a locked and guarded, nonoccupied conference room on the ground floor of the RPL. 1. (U) Condition I (U) In Condition I, for each trial, an experimenter (E1) places an object at a location in the target room (determined by random number generator), then remains outside | the target room as a guard. A few minutes later, at a previously-agreed-upon time, Experimenter E2, who is kept blind as to the object's location, has the RVer indicate his | assessment of the object’s location. The RVer places a mark on a piece of paper containing a single blank square to represent the target room. At the end of the trial, the RVer turns
Approved For Relgéase 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96}00789R003200160001-9 ~ { . The goal of the present effort is to research the literature, then perform laboratory experimentation to determine whether, and to what degree, such functioning is a viable candidate for applicatior@ii —— y This includes determining the best methods and efficiencies of various search techniques, and the appropriate statistical analyses for evaluating results. B. (WU) Search Categories goearch tasks fall into two broad categories of effort—continuum and discrete. In the “continuum” search category, a target of interest is typically to be located ona continuum area map, such as a (opographical map or navigational chart _ \ { 4 For this category, the target/response distances and circular error probabilities (CEPs) constitute the statistics of interest in evaluation. “ | In the “discrete” search category, a target of interest is associated with a discrete number of possibilities For this category, the appropriate statistic of interest in the evaluation of a series of location attempts is a comparison against the simple binomial statistic of the probability of obtaining an observed R hits in N trials, by chance. Approved For Relgase 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
| Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R0N03200160001-9 bree Il INTRODUCTION (VU) A. (U) General ——, — a_ \ a “43 a claimed ability in the broad field of psychoenergetic functioning; namely, the ability to search for and locate water, oil, minerals, objects, individuals, sites of archaeological significance, and so forth. This ability can be contrasted to the related psychoenergetic ability “remote viewing,” in the following manner. In remote viewing, the RVer is given location information (coordinates, “beacon” agent, picture), and (RV) asked to provide data on target content\ the RVer is given information on target content, then asked to provide in “search,” location data (e-g., position on a map). The two functions are thus complimentary to each other. (U) The ability to locate targets is most often referred to as “dowsing” in the Western literature, and “biophysical effect (BPE)” in the Soviet/East Bloc literature. In this report, we shall refer to such techniques simply ‘as “search.” Although much of the literature is anecdotal,* attempts to quantify the ability and to determine its mechanisms have been pursued. f i *(U) For the most comprehensive and authoritative survey of the claims for dowsing, see Christopher Bird, The Divining Hand, E. P. Dutton, New York, NY (1979). +(U) See, for example, papers published by Z. V. Harvalik, beginning 1970, in The wser, the journal of the American Society of Dowsers, (Harvalik is the eo.t * ! we ec ern aeons American Do ) Approved For Release 2001/93/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 -
Approved For Releage 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 I OBJECTIVE (U) bThe objective of this effort at SRI International is to investigate a particular jaspect of psychoenergetic phenomena called Target Search. This search technique is designed to determine the location of objects, individuals, and facilities where the potential target area can range from room-— to global-sized dimensions. Approved For Release 001/03/07 cun-epPo6-e9Ron3200160001 -9
Approved For Release 2004/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00784R003200160001-8 3. (U) CAS Against Real Targets (Application). . - - - +--+: G. __ ‘Controlled Long-Distance Test of “Agent/ Building Search, Facility Level (Continuum). - - - - - - sc" ° 1. (U) Long-Distance “Agent” Search . - - - 2 2 et trots 2. (U) Long-Distance “Building” Search . - 2. - e+ + ee + V (U) Summary. 2. 6 ee ee ee et ee he ts A. (U) Overview . 2. ee eee ee et ee tt B. (U) Focus of Investigation . 2. 2. 2. 2 2 ee ee ee et ee C. (U) Recommendations for Follow-On Actions, . . . - + - + + = - iii ~ Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 | 23 24 24 26 28 28 28 29
) Approved For Release/2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 i ‘ ~~ CONTENTS (U) (U) LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. ........, re iv (U) LIST OF TABLES .........2..20.., a iv I (U) OBJECTIVE ........4:; a 1 II (U) INTRODUCTION ..... 2... LL a 2 A. (U) General. 2 2... Lk ee ee ee 2 B. (U) Search Categories . 2... , ee ee eee 3 II (U) METHOD OF APPROACH ................. 4 ‘A. (U) Continuum Search—Statistical Approach ... 2... 4 B. (U) Discrete Search—Statistical Approach. . . . .. Ll, 5 Vv (U) EXPERIMENTAL, . a 9 A. (U) General . 2. 2... ll; eee ee 9 B. (ee Simulation of “Bug” Search (Continuum), . . . .. g 1. (U) Condition 2... 2... LL; oe eee 9 2. (U) Condition IE . . ell, oe 10 c.A . | Simulation of “Agent” Search, Facility Level ‘(Conunuum) . . 2... a D. \ — ) Simulation of “Agent”/Facility Search (Continuum), . . 12 E. (U) Binary Search (Discrete/Continuum) . . , . | eo ee ee 13 F. (U) Computer Assisted Search (CAS)... . 2... 21 1. (U) Basic Investigation (Simulation), . . . . we ee ee 21 2. (U) Location of Real-World Targets (Known). . 2... ; 22 Approved For Releas¢ 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP95-00789R003200160001-9
ih a For Release 2001/03/07 : “ee 160001-9 Final Report December 1984 Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 December 1984 KOU QO TARGET SEARCH TECHNIQUES (U) 4 ry SRI Project 660! This document consists of 33 page: a“ oO nl \ Approved by: | | i | | ISR internat ved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-R P96- 00789R003200/ 60001-9 . Ls —1 : 333 Ravenswood Avenue °
—— Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 t - ( : The Stage IV proficiency demonstrated in the com- pletion series has been maintained by the trainee as work has begun on Stage VI; this provides additional evidence that a stable performance level on S-IV characteristics has been achieved. prepares B. (U) Trainee Evaluation ' “Other than the training monitor (#002), Viewer #059 is the first to complete S-IV training. Although previous training stages oe ey (S-I through S-III) had been pretested with other trainees, the desire, ° — yto move ahead expeditiously with training of this particular candidate dictated a reversal of the usual development procedure. This candidate thus provided our first research data on S-IV technology transfer, which turned out to be of exceptionally high quality. Until subsequent " individuals have completed S-IV training, there is not a substantial body of work for comparison. Nonetheless, it should be stated for the record that this trainee exhibited the least of difficulties in assimilating the materials, as compared with the progress of trainees in general, and as compared with the training monitor's own progress through S-IV in particular. In addition, Trainee #059 exhibited a high professional demeanor throughout the training, and applied himself at all times with the utmost stamina and acumen. Taking these factors together, Trainee #059 was a model trainee, and thus hig profile constitutes an important data point with regard to trainee selection. C.  (U) Recommendations for Follow-On Actions ascommencancons_ror -o7 owen Aen nons (U) Given the quality of response to 5-IV training of Trainee #059, two recommendations for follow-on actions are offered: (1) The trainee should continue in the training in order to incorporate additional skills available in the remaining stages. (2) Given that detailed authentication of the S-IV skills transfer (e.g., by extensive double-blind testing), was beyond the time/funding scope of the present effort, it is recommended that, in : parallel with training, the client enlist the : 21 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96/00789R003200160001-9 nN
Approved For Release 200 7 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 IV EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS (U) A. (U) Completion Indicators (U) Completion of a stage is signalled by (1) essentially flawless control of session structure while generating the required elements for that stage, and (2) production of a sequence of at least five site descriptions whose content/quality meets the requirements for that stage. { ,; As indicated earlier, in Stage IV training, the viewer is required to provide information culminating in not only a description of the site, but correct identification of the function as well. These requirements were met by Viewer #059 in his final series, Trials 22 through 26. The results are summarized in Table 3 below, as well as in representative Figures 7 through 9. Table 3 (U) STAGE IV COMPLETION TRIALS 22 THROUGH 26 Session/Trial Response St. Patrick's Cathedral, . Called a "church," with New York, NY phonetic of "saint" West Virginia University, Called "school feeling" Morgantown, WV FMC chemical plant, Called "chemical factory" Newark, CA Romic hazardous waste Called "waste treatment storage plant, plant” Palo Alto, CA Stanford Linear Accelerator Called "linear accelerator," Stanford, CA named "Stanford Linear Accelerator" 17 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 :‘CIA-RDP96-00 89R003200160001-9
Approved For Rele 001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001 -9 (U) L the primary source of "hard" information that in most instances appears to result in the decoding of site function. \ y ro give some indication of progress through the series, we examine here some specific cases- For Trial 2, the site was a hospital; the trainee accumulated a total of 161 data bits in two sessions before identifying the site as a hospital. By Session 12 (Trial 8, Cape Kennedy), the difficulty in maintaining functional reliability while acquiring the new skills (corresponding to the expected performance-curve dip of Figure 2) surfaced in the form that 249 elements were required before site identifi- cation occurred (site named by name). { 7 —_——~ "By Session 25 (Trial 20), the power-generating func- tion of Kariba Dam was identified after only 57 data bits, with another seven data bits furnishing the phonetic "kirib" for a total of 64 data bits. It was also noted during this viewing that the viewer spontaneous Ly experienced not only an expressed desire to three-dimensionally "model" the site, but the emergence of phonetics, both attributes of the higher stages (S-VI and S-VII, respectively). This we took as indicators of readiness for advancement to the following stages. Approved For Release 2004/03/07 : GlIA-RDP94-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : Approved For Release 2001/03/07--GIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 B. (U) Trainee #059 Response to Stage IV Training ‘ & Trainee #059 began S-IV training during the second week of December 1983, and completed the requirements for S-IV on 22 March 1984. Thirty-one (31) S-IV training sessions were conducted with this trainee. With four sessions aborted for various reasons, and with one site requiring two sessions to complete, the 31 sessions provided a total of twenty-six (26) completed trials. The session particulars, including date/time, site, and coordinates, are listed in the Appendix. The types of sites that must be identified include churches, hospitals, dams, ruins, power plants, art galleries, libraries, | a , j, schools, airports, caverns, observatories, ' ,and accelerators. eo _3 A record of the total number of data bits generated for each site (number of ideograms, sketches, sensations, dimensional references, feeling tones, physical or functional details, and analytical overlays) is given, trial by trial, in Figure 6. A given session had as many as 249 separate elements (Trial 8), or as few as 28 (Trial 17). In general, the end point of a session was recognition of the site's primary function, Although site complexity was increased as the series progresse the number of data bits actually required (before site recognition) decreased on the average (p < 0.025) as proficiency with the S~IV tech- niques was acquired--an expected outcome. (U) The data-bit distribution among the various categories tracked in S-IV training is shown, trial by trial, in Table 2. The first column tallies the number of ideograms, sketches, and the like, generated in the initial S-I through S~-III process, the second column tallies additior elements of this type generated after the S-IV process has begun. The remaining eight columns tally the number of data bits generated for each of the S-IV channels of interest. (More specific channel labels have be passed to the client under separate cover; the specificity is protected to prevent premature disclosure to prospective trainees.) It is con- sidered that the data bits accumulated in Channels 5 and 6 constitute 12 IA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
re Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 LII STAGE IV TECHNOLOGY (U) A. (U) Overview Whereas Stages I through III are directed toward recognition of the overall gestalt and physical configuration of a target site, Stage IV is designed to provide information as to function, i.e., as to the purpose of the activities being carried out at the site. Thus, Stage IV viewing transcends simple physical descriptions of w apat is visible to the eye, to take into account human intention. Because, point of view, 4 ——"\ Stage IV is considered to be the threshold for crossover into utility. (UV) In Stages I through III, information is collected in the form o ideograms, and their motion and feeling (S-I), sensations at the site (S-I1), and sketches that result from expanded contact with the site (S-IIL). These various "carrier" signals are individual in nature, and special techniques have been developed to handle each in turn, more or le: in a serial fashion. Once stabilized, Stage III forms the platform upon which can be built the more refined techniques of Stage IV. (U) In Stage IV, the viewer is trained to accumulate data bits in no less than eight separate categories, in parallel, in addition to pro- cessing additional ideograms and sketches. These range from broad categories of sensations and dimensional references, through specific qualities (physical/technological detail, cultural ambience, and functional significance), and includes tracking of the analytical overlay line. To keep these separate signal lines on track requires exceptional control of sesssion structure--an ability trained for in the lengthy SI through SIII training period. With these elements under control, the Stage IV data-bit- acquisition procedures can then be used to build up an interpretation as to the. site's activities and functions. 11 Approved For Releas¢ 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (U) the site (e.g., wavy/fluid for water). Note that this response is essen- tially kinesthetic, rather than visual. 3. (uU) Stage Il (U) In Stage II, the viewer is trained to become sensitive to physical sensations associated with the site, i.e., sensations he might experience if he were physically located at the site (heat, cold, wind, sounds, smells, tactile sensations, and the like). Again, this response is essentially nonvisual in nature (although color sensations may arise a a legitimate Stage Il response). Of course, in both training stages, visual images may emerge spontaneously. In that case they are not suppressed, but simply noted and labeled as AOLs. (U) Provided Stages I and II have been brought under control - the viewer, Stage III training is initiated. The phrase “under control” means that the viewer has been observed to pass through a performance Cur of the type shown in Figure 2, which typically applies to skills learning Certain objective performance measures, such as number of session element or number of coordinate iterations required to reach closure on site description, are tracked to determine progress along the performance cUury 4. (u) Stage LIL ( eae Whereas in Stage I and II viewing, data appea: to emerge (typically) as fragmented data bits, in Stage IIL, we observe emergence of a broader concept of the site. With Stage I and II data forming a foundation, contact with the site appears sufficiently strengt that the viewer begins to have an overall appreciation of the site as a whole (which we label "aesthetic impact"). Dimensional aspects such as size, distance, and motion begin to come into play, resulting in configu rational outlines and sketches. For training practice, sites are chosen especially to require the Stage III aptitudes of dimensional perception, e.g., sketching of an outline-tracking nature. Examples generated by viewer #059, the viewer of this study, include the Gateway Arch in St. L Iwo Jima Island, and the Stanford radiotelescope, shown in Figures 3 thr 6 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 - nN
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (u) impression of an island is immediately interpreted as Hawaii.) This we call analytical overlay (AOL). (U) Our investigation of these overlay patterns leads to a model of RV functioning, shown schematically in Figure 1. With the application of a stimulus" (e.g., the reading of a coordinate), there appears to be a momentary burst of "signal" that enters into awareness for a few seconds, and then fades away. The overlays appear to be triggered at this point to fill in the void. Success in handling this complex process requires that a remote viewer learn to "grab" incoming data bits while simultaneously attempting to control the overlays. Stage I and Stage II training is designed specifically to deal with this requirement. SIGNAL, NOISE SIGNAL eoeeeeseereos @oeeervea, * THRESHOLD ate mee eee acer eae age wees unm cee Qs nee Con aE ED aD STS as eee OF AWARENESS “FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS” OVERLAYS f STIMULUS STIMULUS UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 1 (U) SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF REMOTE VIEWER RESPONSE TO CRV SITUATION 2. (U) Stage I (U) In Stage I, the viewer is trained to provide a quick-reaction response to the reading of the site coordinates by the monitor. The response takes the form of an immediate, primitive "squiggle” on the paper (called an ideogram), which captures an overall motion/feeling of the gestalt of 5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
eee Approved For Release a 0001-9 Table 1 (U) STAGES IN REMOTE VIEWING Major gestalt Land surrounded by water, an island II Sensory contact Cold sensation, wind-swept feeling Rising up, panoramic view, island outline Scientific research, live organisms Dimension, motion, mobility IV General qualitative analytical aspects Specific analytical aspects (by interrogating signal line) ew Layouts, details, further analytica contact VI ThHree-dimensional contact, made ling UNCLASSIFIED B. (U) Training by Stages--An Overview lL. (U) Rationale 4 _& The particular effort covered in this report eR re concerns training of al “p viewer to completion on Stage IV (S-IV). To place the S-IV training effort in perspective, we summarize briefly how it develops out of the earlier stages. (U) The key to the earlier stages is the recognition that the Major problem with naive attempts to remote view is that the attempt to visualize a remote site tends to stimulate memory and imagination--usual in visual-image forms. As the viewer becomes aware of the first few dat bits, there appears to be a largely spontaneous and undisciplined ratior effort to extrapolate and "fill in the blanks." This is presumably driv by a need to resolve the ambiguity associated with the fragmentary natu: of the emerging perception. The result is a premature internal analysi: and interpretation on the part of the remote viewer. (For example, an 4 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R0032090160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 II INTRODUCTION (U) A. (U) General 4 4h At the beginning of FY 1981, SRI International made a decision to develop and codify a promising RV enhancement procedure tha! had emerged from earlier work--a multistage coordinate remote-viewing training procedure developed in conjunction with an SRI consultant. The procedure focuses on developing the reliability of remote viewing by con- trolling those factors that tend to introduce noise into the RV product. A broad overview of the procedure, which has been derived empirically on the basis of a decade of investigation into the RV process, is presented in Chapter III. The basic components of this procedure consist of * Repeated target-address (coordinate) presentation, with quick-reaction response by the remote viewer (to minimize imaginative overlays). * The use of a specially-designed, acoustic-tiled, featureless, homogeneously-~colored viewing chamber (to minimize environmental overlays). * The adoption of a strictly~prescribed, Limited interviewer patter (to minimize interviewer overlay). (U) At this stage of the development (Stage V is still in R&D; addi- tional stages are projected), the RV training procedure is structured to proceed through a series of stages of proficiency, hypothesized to cor- respond to stages of increased contact with the target site. The stages are outlined in Table 1. In a given remote viewing session, an experienced * remote viewer tends to recapitulate the stages in order. “(U) Use of Stage V in the sequence is optional, depending on the level of analytical detail required. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : cane cena I OBJECTIVE (U) ( . SRI International is tasked. with developing remote viewing (RV) enhancement techniques \ amu Of par- ticular interest is the development of procedures that have potential i , application§ and that can be transmitted to others in a structured fashion (i.e., "training" procedures). \ \ Under particular study in this effort is whether a Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) technology, a technique that utilizes coordinates to facilitate acquisition of a remote-viewing target, can be successfully transferred t . “(U) RV is the acquisition and description, by mental means, of infor- mation blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding. 1 . Approved For Release 2001/03/07, : CIA-RDP96-00789RG03200160001-9 -
ee Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 | a IV TRAINING EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS (U) A. (U) Overview i SRI International has had under development for some time an empirically-derived training package developed in conjunc- + ee, tion with SRI Consultant .. Its purpose is4 ‘ ~ ,the development of procedures that have $ application potential, and that can be transmitted to others. { _ In the calendar year 1984, four | — personnel were selected! “jas trainees in the S-I through S-III portion of the training package described in the above paragraph. With I. Swann as the training monitor, the trainees received orientation, then carried out an average of 145 practice RV sessions each. Altogether, a 23-week effort was expended in the delivery of the S~I through 5-III training package. This is close to the original estimate of approxi- mately 24 weeks, even though the distribution of weeks among the various stages differed from what we anticipated. | Each of the four trainees responded to the training in accordance with their individual differences, but all exhibited an apparently high intelligence, a quick grasp of the fundamentals of the training, a seriousness of purpose, and a diligence in pursuing the repetitive training the tasks required. In response to the training, which takes into account the individualities of each trainee, each of the four generally performed along the lines of expectation derived from experience with previous training development groups, and all showed an aptitude for continued development. B. (U) Recommendations for Follow-On Actions (U) Given the quality of response to the S-I through S-III training, two recommendations for follow-on actions are offered: 19 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 _CIARDP98=00789R003900160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 7 Table 3 (U) TRAINING SITES FOR PROFICIENCY IN STAGE II PROCEDURES Number of Training Sites UNCLASSIFIED c. (U) Stage IIT i ; Stage III training has been brought to a completion in the month of December, after five weeks effort. The decrease in time required (below that originally estimated) was due, in part, to the introduction of a new procedure in the use of sketching, which resulted in considerable shortening of the overall protocol (detached analytical sketching following generation of signal-line data). The numbers of training sites utilized by the trainees in S-III training are shown in Table 4. 4. (U) S-III Proficiency Level i _ ' Some indication of the level of proficiency —_— —— reached in S-III training can be seen in selected samples of RVer response in the training format. In Figure 3, the RVer's results are summarized in the form of a sketch, which can be compared with the accompanying photograph of the target site. Similar results are shown in Figures 4 through 6. Shown in Figure 7 are the responses of two RVers to a surprise technological site. The final product of S-LII training is the routine generation of results of this caliber. Approved For mee 2001/03/07 “SIA-RDPes-07FORODS2O0TEOnTT8
Approved For Release Pe : CIA-RDP96-00789R0Q3200160001-9 v ~ Table 2 (U) TRAINING SITES FOR PROFICIENCY IN STAGE I PROCEDURES ' Number of Training Sites UNCLASSIFIED (U) With regard to the above statistics, it would seem natural to interpret the differences as an indication of increased difficulty with the present trainee group as compared with earlier groups, or with certain individuals in the group relative to the others. This interpretation should be discouraged. The difference in the amount of sites during any given period only reflects that a greater "noisy" period was encountered at this particular point before consolidation of the emerging aptitude--a period that emerges in every trainee at some point. Experience has shown that the number of sites required during any par- ticular training sequence does not appear to be an important factor in the long run. b. (U) Stage II \ All four trainees completed Stage II in ar a mid-October, after five weeks of training, which is within the expected parameters. The numbers of training sites required for each trainee to achieve proficiency on Stage II are shown in Table 3. 11 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Reléase 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 2. (U) Baseline Data \ } In accordance with standard practice in SRI training programs: e The four { ~) RV trainees were assigned random three-digit code designators (Numbers 146, 344, 596, and 765) by which all report data would be coded. ° Psychological profile tests were administered to provide data for a separate Selection/Screening Task. ¢ As a measure of baseline response to coordinate-designated target sites, each trainee generated, under double-blind testing conditions, a descriptor-list response to six sites, ‘using latitude and Longitude in degrees, minutes and seconds. These data were then archived to be available for later comparative evaluation. (See Appendix for Descriptor List format.) 3. (U) Stage-by-Stage Training Rates a.  (U) Stage I 2 { The point of completion of each of the training stages for each of the trainees is determined by the training monitor. The monitor tracks the progress of the trainees in accordance with certain evaluation procedures that indicate to him that the trainee has grasped the fundamentals of the stage in question. All four | selected trainees who embarked on S-I training at the beginning of the year completed S-I around mid-July--after approximately 13 weeks of training. The numbers of training sites required for each trainee to achieve proficiency in Stage I procedures are shown in Table 2. a TD, The total number of training sites used was somewhat in excess of what was anticipated. The average of approx- imate Ly 83 sites per trainee was compared with that of two earlier trainee groups: a prototype development group of four (average of 54 sites per trainee), and a previous, (_ elected group of two (also average of 54 sites per trainee). We also see a wide variation in the number of sites per trainee to complete Stage I. 10 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : aieees an k
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R069200160001-9 3. (U) Session Protocol (Trainin (U) At the beginning of the session, the monitor and the RVer enter the RV session chamber. The monitor has in his possession target- ing information in the form of a folder of feedback materials; coordi- nNates are notated on the outside. The monitor reads the coordinates as a prompter (stimulus) for the RVer, takes notes for later discussion, and so forth. Unlike the protocols used in the documentation studies (see, for examplé, reference referred to in Introduction Section), the monitor here is not blind as to the target. Thus, the training sessions are not carried out in a double-blind protocol. As part of the beginning gradient of orienting the trainee to the RV structure, the training monitor has the option of providing intrasession feedback as the session progresses. The environment of the training sessions, not being cue- free, therefore constitutes a separate category of activity as compared with double-blind testing conditions required for documentation of proof- of-principle. B. (U) Trainee Progress 1. (U) Task Scheduling Beginning in January 1984, four ! RV trainees were assigned to S~I through S~III training. A training schedule for the year was set up in accordance with the following time estimates derived from earlier development work: Stage I 4 to 7 weeks Stage II 2 to 6 weeks Stage III 12 to 16 weeks Total Approximately 24 weeks The training effort was generally broken up into 2-week sessions each, with 2-to-4-week breaks between sessions. Training was carried out at both the SRI/New York and the SRI/Menlo, Park facilities on a site schedule that was mutually agreed { Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
{ Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 II INTRODUCTION (U) A. (U) General { | - At the beginning of FY 1981, SRI International made a decision to develop and codify a promising RV enhancement proc- edure that had emerged from earlier work--a multistage coordinate remote-viewing training procedure developed in conjunction with an SRI consultant, . In this procedure, coordinates (latitude and longi tude in degrees, minutes, and seconds) are utilized as the targeting method, The method is structured to proceed through a series of well- defined stages in a particular order--hypothesized to correspond to stages of increased contact with the target site (see Table 1). The basic hypotheses of the procedure have been investigated under strict double-blind testing conditions to document whether, and to what degree, the training approach can provide a viable vehicle for RV technology 1 a, transfer ; For this effort, “Wwe, selected four individuals ‘ — . hile to be trained in the techniques of the first three stages (S-I through S-III) of the procedure as it stands to date (six in all have been developed) . B. (U) Description of Procedure l. (U) Overview (U) We begin with the basic premise of the training procedure under study: the major problem with naive attempts to remote view is that the attempt to visualize a remote site tends to stimulate memory and imagination--usually in visual-image forms. As the RVer becomes aware of ( 4 a 2 Approved For mere 2001/03/07 : ee ISS gt
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CUA RDP96-00780R003400160001 / . I OBJECTIVE (VU) CU) | : SRI International is tasked with developing remote \ Of par- procedures that have potential viewing (RV)* enhancement techniques \ ticular interest is the development of {. ~ , application, and that can be transmitted to others in a structured fashion (i-e., "training" procedures). { ; | Under particular study in this effort is whether a Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) technology, a technique that utilizes coordinates to facilitate acquisition of a remote-viewing target, can be successfully transferred | ol uisition and description, by mental means, of infor- * (U) RV is the acq ption by distance or shielding. mation blocked from ordinary perce 1 Approved For Release 2004/03/07 : Pia RDPR6-ooTEeROgSaNSoNNN i
Bersroved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (se Final Report December 1984 Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 18 December 1984 jonall MO SPECIAL ORIENTATION TECHNIQUES: S-i, S-ll, S-Hll (U) all cr) er SRI Project 6600 nierm 6 COPY NO. .srecseceseees This document consists of 27 pages. { 941/CL-0024 | 3 Ravenswood Ave Approved For Release-2004/03/GR GIA- RDP96- 00789R603300160001 -9
Approved For Release 2001/0 89R003200160001-9 , The emergence of ERA6 as a potentially psi-positive reference group is an especially encouraging event. Of all the groups we have had reason to mention, this one is normatively the most common, by far, and is especially common in QP reani- zations, in which ERA6 individuals function well and comfortably as the middlemen in a chain of command. They are more loyal to individuals than to abstract ideas and are capable of insulating themselves from philosophical and ethical questions. In terms of psi, therefore, they appear to be willing, able, and relatively likely to stick with it. A problem for selection, however, is that ERA6 ranges over several MBTI types, reducing the potential efficiency of first-stage screening. The meaning of ERA6 is given by the following narrative description: ERA6: Role-Player-~These persons are proactive problem-solvers who are naturally both involving (A) and involved (E). As an adult, ERA6 persons have presumably found a socially functional role that requires them to be active and apparently relating but depends upon a minimum of true involvement. In effect, ERA6 persons spend life “proving” that they cannot be tempted. The tension that this implies is relatively repressable because of the R, but somatic symptoms may develop over time. Members of this group are relatively common and have included actors, dancers, musicians, waiters, salesmen, policemen, teachers, and managers. (U) On balance, our efforts to cross—validate the important PAS patterns have yielded only partial results. There is nothing strongly inconsistent with expectations, but the results are not statistically conclusive primarily because of the low proportion of psi-talent estimated to exist in unselected populations. Future efforts to achieve cross-validation should be planned so that approximately 50 percent of the experimental trainees are expected to show strong learning curves. This will require excluding about 80 percent of an unscreened population. C. (U) Preliminary Identification of Promising PSI-Q2 Patterns (U) We report the initial exploratory results of psi in relation to self-report personality measures. (U) The first level of RV analysis on the PSI-Q2 data involves a simple one-in-six “puessing” task. Viewers were asked to pick which of six target categories best matched their response. No significant evidence of psychoenergetic functioning was found. However, a “forced choice” task is shown throughout the literature as an ineffective way of eliciting good 24 Approved For Release 2001 zp ag: 003200160001-9 ©
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-90789R003200160001-9 (U) have three of the eight cases falling into “known” psi-positive categories. Two of these (063 and 372) lare ERA6, now grouped with ERU6; the same two already have the strongest track records represented in Table 4. The third one (016) is ERA8, now grouped with ERU8; he is still a trainee, but is seen as “making the fastest progress” of anyone in his training group. . Without identifying any new categories, it is possible to relate six of the eight | siewers to the previous data. Viewers 101 and 035, who are unambiguously Primitive F, are left over after this process. We have seen very few F personalities in the whole course of this project, and would be ready to write it off but for Viewer 414 shown in Table 1. ‘Several of the viewers have spontaneously suggested that the PAS task that defines this primitive dimension (the WAIS Block Designs) seemed to them especially relevant. Theoretically, we see this dimension as defining an individual’s signal-to-noise requirements: R persons work with a relatively high threshold, and can count on the “reality” of percep- tions that| pass through their filter. The problem for them is to make up for what does not pass. F persons operate with a lower threshold requirement and can count on not missing much that’s real, but they also perceive a lot of noise as though it too were real. Thus, an R person is typically better motivated than an F person to learn how to perceive more with higher accuracy regardless of the use of psi abilities. (U) | Only two of the individuals in Table 4 (035 and 018) display the trend within the time estimation task thought to be a hall-mark of psychic performance. In view of the much larger effect previously observed in IRU2 as compared with ERU8, the present observation may mean nothing at all. On the other hand, it may relate to the need/use of technical aids to initiate psi conducive attitudes, particularly for Level 6 viewers. More than any other groups, Level 6 individuals are accustomed to making time work for them, and their time estimates ‘tend to be among the most accurate. (U). The self-report data in Table 4 illustrate the point that the PAS versus MBTI correlation is complex. Two INTJ persons have very different PAS patterns; likewise, so do two INFP persons. It is difficult to imagine that these eight viewers have, in fact, been selected partly on the MBTI; the only clear trend in the data is toward intuition, but intuition is commdn at high normal levels regardless of WAIS patterning. A self-report analysis employing a finer breakdown, perhaps along the lines of PSI-Q2 (see below), seems likely to be necessary if the goal of mass screening is to be attained. MBTI Form J, the form used thus far, contains enough items to support such a finer breakdown. 23 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 ry
Approved For Release 2001/03/07: CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (U) already identified. Either we may regard these training data as a fluke, or we may regard them as suggesting that IRU7 is a fifth group for which to watch. The latter possibility is somewhat reinforced by the presence of another IRU7 in Table 1. \ \ Perhaps the most important observation to make about the results of the group (Table 4) is that they represent the results of a selection process very different from the “process” implicit in Table 1. We need be neither surprised nor discomfited by the apparent absence of any IRU2, ERU8, ERU6, or IFU3 cases. For one thing, except for ERU6, we suspect that good examples of these groups simply were not available in the pool from which the selection began. (Part of this may be because IRU2 and ERU8 personalities, on average, might have difficulty { _ ) Also, we observed earlier that our known IRU2 viewers initially made themselves known, and our known ERU8 viewers responded to calls for volunteers explicitly for psychoenergetic research. ta By contrast, the viewers in Table 4 were much more deliberately recruited; they are all “volunteers” in the sense of “informed consent,” but the request for this consent was only the final step in a multistage process of testing and interviewing. (U) We regard the confirmatory signs in Table 4 as encouraging. For example, although we find no actual IRU2, we note that our IRU2 training monitor regards his IRU4 student as “having the most long-term potential” despite his also being the “most difficult to work with.” Apart from the irony in this, IRU4 is theoretically just an IRU2 with a successful PAS contact pattern built on the surface. As another example, although we find no single unmistakable ERUS8, we see four of these eight cases falling within three standard deviations of the ERU8 centroid according to ERU8 norms. (U) Although we have yet to see a bona fide star viewer in the IRU7 reference group, Table 4 provides at least one (018) and possibly a second (043, a borderline IRU7) example with affirmative precalibration, reinforcing the context already developed earlier (77? and 249). (U) Reasonable arguments can be made that self-generated interest in psi flows from Primitive U (17 of 19 cases in Table 1 are Primitive U) and that selection by interview will i tend to favor Primitive A (five of eight cases in Table 4 are Primitive A). On the other hand, it is not obvious that A-U differences should affect psi performance. (We think it is obvious that E-I and R-F differences should affect psi performance.) If we set aside the peter A-U differences on grounds they may be artifactual and then reexamine Table 4, we now wee 22 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 :{CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 ~ ey +
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : aenees een \ currently unevaluated. These measures are very subjective; for example, the difference between “**” and “*” is somewhat arbitrary. Table 4 } | _ RESULTS OF THE =———=«| RV TRAINEES RV Ability PAS MBTI ; Estimate Viewer Note: The RV Ability Estimate is qualitative. Lea | (U) When we compare all 15 of the training subjects with all four of the potentially interesting reference groups identified above, there is only one trainee who can be properly regarded as a member of any currently interesting group—Viewer 807. Because of this, much depends on how we perceive the training results for Viewer 807. Actually, among the seven trainees with quantitative data, Viewer 807 ranks as best on three of the six RV measures and ranks as second-best on two more of them (only two measures are shown in Table 3. Puthoff and May® and Humphrey® contain complete details.) The significant positive slope for Viewer 807’s Figure—of—Merit is what we might expect from an ERU8 personality. We have stated earlier that ERU8 personality should expect to experience at least initial difficulty with overcoming AOL. | (U) The only other trainee in Table 3 with consistently positive RV measures is Viewer 249. There is simply no way to regard this person as a member of any of the four groups 21 Approved For Releas 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
; i Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (U) 10 percent of the population. We must expect that most of the trainees in an unscreened sample will have little psi aptitude. (U) The results of the SRI training efforts and the personality measures are shown in Table 3. Two measures of RV performance are shown. The RV—Figure—of—Merit column displays an overall level of RV ability. (Because different target sets were used for the two training efforts, the Figures of Merit are valid as relative measures within a training group only.) The RV-Learning column displays a statistical assessment (student’s t-test) of the slope of a line drawn through the session—by-—session Figure of Merit data. Although there are other possible RV measures that could be considered, these two represent the current state of the art. Table 3 (U) RESULTS OF SRI RV TRAINEES viewer] pas _| MBTI RV Learning RV Figure of Merit * Track II SRI training group. + Track I SRI training group. Note: The figure of merits are only valid within a training group. ne : UNCLASSIFIED — () { ___| Table 4 shows the results for the! | trainees. The RV~Ability-Estimate column represents the best qualitative assessment RV abilities of the trainees. A “**” represents a “star viewer”, while a “*” represents an extremely good “pr viewer. represents “good” or “OK” viewers and “?” represents viewers who are 20 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 :\CIA-RDP96-00789R003 0160001-9
Approved For Relea 01/03/07 : CIA-R -00789R003200160001-9 (U) have not. yet seen enough exemplars to warrant specific discussion. Certainly, it is important to continue the process of gathering PAS data from known viewers in the expectation that further exemplars will be recognized. The meaning of ERU6 and IFU3 are given by the following narrative descriptions: ERU6: Manager-—-Proactive problem solvers who are forthright in their dedication to constituted authority and decisively rational in their views, but who tend to be overcommitted to their work and tend to overcontrol their own feelings and emotions. They are extremely competitive and ambitious and seek to inspire and involve others through example. Their social behavior often demonstrates a concern to show that they cannot be manipulated by others. They are better at creating procedures than policies, but nevertheless see themselves as intellectually creative and expect to be appropriately rewarded for these efforts on behalf of their organization. Members of this group are found in the middle echelons of any major organization, such as a bank, business, hospital, or government agency. IFU3: Votary——Polyactive problem-solvers who are prone to be autistically self-centered, who recognize and feel guilt about this, and who combat the implied threat by immersing themselves in a multitude of worthy activities. As children they were permitted to pursue their considerable intellectual curiosity, without the imposition of either mental discipline or social conformity. As an adult, they remain intellectual and creative, and attach much importance to their own and others’ right to be “different.” They have a strong conscience and are likely to be politically “liberal” and to have well-developed aesthetic judgment. Their vocational interests are likely to be in the humanities and social science, rather than in mathematics or physical science. They may function well as teachers, administrators, consultants, or team-—members. B. (U) Training Results - . Vv) ( y As reported earlier, two training groups at SRI\ served as the confirmation cases. The PAS, including its Fourth Dimension, and Form J of the MBTI were administered to each of the trainees. None of the results of the PAS testing were available to either the trainees or the trainers before the tabulation of the results. (U) The bunching of the precalibrated viewers in PAS-space, shown in Table 1, suggests’ that outstanding psi ability is not a widespread trait. ERU8 and IRU2 together may represent as much as 2 percent of the general population and, allowing for a few other PAS patterns still to emerge, our ultimate interest is estimated to be limited to no more than § to Approved For Release 2007/03/07 *CIA-RDP9 -00789R003200160001-9
wy) Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RIDP96-00789R003200160001-9 I OBJECTIVE The objective of this program is to investigate the phenomenon of remote viewing (RV)! A ; The type of counter- measures and factors that inhibit RV will be investigated. The work effort will involve gathering data on specific geographic areas throughout the world and examining research pertinent to improving the reliability of the data obtained via the RV process. 1 Approved For Release zhot103107 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 IJ INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ata assess vig The purpose of this program is to provide a data bas —— an the area of remote viewing (RV). RV is the acquisition and description, by mental means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding, and generally believed to be secure agaihst such access. This includes the ability of subjects to view remote geographical locations, even at intercontinental distances, given only geographical coordinates or a known person on whom to target. Investigations into the RV phenomenon at SRI International over the past eight years have ranged from basic research with regard to proof or the, lack thereof as to the existence of the phenomenon, ta applications where existence of the phenomenon is taken as a given. The present study, with its emphasis on application potential, leans toward the latter--extensive proof of the phenomenon is not pursued here. A measure of proof is provided, however, by the quality of results obtained in’ tests carried out under double-blind conditions, In this report we present the results of a several-month reliability study. The purpose of this study was to delineate those factors which appear to affect the reliability of the RV phenomenon, to develop a methodology to minimize the deleterious effects of such factors, to test that methodology in a training procedure involving several RVers, and to evaluate the effects of such training on the basis of success in| applications, The factors affecting reliability, and the training methodology designed to improve reliability are presented in Section III. In Section III we also discuss the apparent impact on the training program on‘ { —_———— Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-R 3100789R003200160001-9
a a a Approved For Release 2011/03/07 : C1A-ROP96-00789R003200160001-9 ——., — III PROGRESS DURING THE REPORTING PERIOD The primary objective of this program is to provide a basis for evaluating the RV capability. A —— —-— nT Of particular interest with regard to application is the use of an abstract targeting procedure known as coordinate remote viewing (CRV), a procedure we have had under investigation at SRI since 1972. [In this procedure the target site coordinates (latitude and longitude in e.g., degrees, minutes, and seconds) are relayed with no further information to the individual who is to view the site. The remote viewer is asked simply to proceed on the basis of the coordinates alone. Admittedly, such an abstract targeting procedure seems without basis, at least with regard to the present scientific paradigm. As a result we can make no claim for the technique other than the purely pragmatic one that it appears to work, It can only be pointed out that in psychoenergetics research in general, the possibility of success in such a protocol is in accord with an observed "goal-oriented" nature of the laws that appear to * govern psychoenergetic functioning. In this section we discuss the findings of an investigation into CRV reliability, the factors that affect it, the development of procedures to improve it, and the results of application challenges to test it. An investigation into the general problem of target acquisition has been carried out an reported. See R. Targ, H. E. Puthoff, B. S. Humphrey, and C, T. Tart, "Investigations of Target Acquisition,’ Research in Parapsychology 1979, Scarecrow Press, Inc., Metuchen, NJ, 1980. 4 Approved For Release 4001/03/07 : CIA-RDF96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release eon : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 applications. The results of the study to date indicate that substantial progress has been made. Finally, in Section IV we outline the potential for a broad-based integration of RV phenomena P| es A ONY R tere 3 Approved For Release 20Q1/03/07 : cin Rone corenoosz0016000-
| Approved For Release ooliaai07 : CIA-RBP96-00789R003200160001-9 A. Advances in Development of CRV Potentials 1. Background Since the introduction of coordinate remote viewing (CRV) several years ago, it has been apparent that CRV is often capable of yielding highly accurate and useful data. There are, however, several instances of failures, in which the CRV description did not correspond to ground truth reality. Since one of the program tasks to “continue the investigations of methods to improve the phenomena," a special study program was set up to attempt to determine the factors that affect CRV reliability, and, to the degree possible, to develop procedures to minimize the deleterious effects of such factors. It was recognized at the outset that there were two facets of the reliability problem that were of interest and would therefore have to be addressed: (1) Vertical Potential. Given that an individual exhibits a demonstrable CRV ability, is it possible to develop that ability beyond a neophyte status, that is, increase the signal-to-noise ratio? — : (2) Horizontal Potential. Does the CRV process possess a structure sufficiently definable to imply a meaningful construct for transfer/trainability across a broad base of individuals, potentially providing increased reliability on the basis of cross correlation of multiple CRV responses? Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP$6-00789R003200160001-9
] Approved For Release 200//03/07 : CIA-RDP9§-00789R003200160001-9 Results of the study program to date, described below, indicate progress in both areas. 2. Signal/Noise Characteristics The anatomy of the CRV phenomenon has been under intense scrutiny at SRI in an effort spearheaded by remote viewer #002. These explorations have ‘centered about two areas: (1) Observing and understanding the characteristics of the noise. (2) Observing and categorizing the characteristics of the signals. With regard to the noise aspect of the CRV channel, the process of mapping out its characteristics has consumed a large part of a two-year effort to isolate the factors involved. Four major categories of noise have been delineated in this process. They are: (1) Analytical Overlay. As the remote viewer becomes aware of the first few data bits, there appears to be a largely sponteneous and undisciplined rational effort to extrapolate and "fill in the blanks.” This is presumably driven by a need to resolve the ambiguity associated with the fragmentary nature of the emerging perception. The result is premature internal analysis and interpretation on the part of the remote viewer. Example: An impression of an island is immediately interpreted as Hawaii. To circumvent this, a procedure for disciplined rejection of premature interpretations and conclusions is called for. (2) Associational Overlay. In addition to provoking premature interpretation, the incoming data bits appear to stimulate pre-existing mental formations that are associationally related to the target material. Example: An impression of a round object triggers an image of a favorite childhood ball. The triggering of such associational overlays leads to imaginative images that divert or embellish the picture 6 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : cin RDPHE4o789R00520016000%-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA RDPS-O07ESRO0S200160001 being built up from the incoming data bits. To overcome the effects of this type of overlay, training to recognize and discriminate against associational images is required. (3) Monitor Overlay. This is comprised of noise intruding into the remote viewer's awareness inadvertently as a result of undisciplined talk or actions on the part of the session monitor. Examples cover a broad spectrum, ranging from, e.&-, stimulation of sailboat images by a casual pre-session discussion on sailing, to the subtle reinforcement (e.g., by body language) of certain responses. that match the monitor's biases and preconceptions as to the nature of target; in short, any action on the part of the monitor that degrades the remote viewer's attentiveness to the task at hand. To bring this under control, a standardized monitor behavior must be introduced in which, for example, the monitor is restricted to the use of certain standard phrases during his monitoring of a CRV session. (4) Environmental Overlay. This type of overlay has its source in the physical surroundings of the CRV session, Specifically, conditions of the session chamber (e.g., obtrusive shapes, sounds, visual highlights) are found to insinuate themselves into the CRV response, A mundane example: an after- image produced by a strong vertical line in the session chamber can lead to a predominant vertical line in the "target" image. More esoteric examples involve peripheral and subliminal perception of environmental features, since, as is known from the study of subliminal perception, information not processed at a conscious level can nonetheless infiltrate perceptual and thought processes, Environmental overlay can be minimized by judicious control of environmental factors, such as by providing a quiet, dimly lit, relatively homogeneous monochrome visual field absent of strong features and peripheral clutter, Although the latter overlays can be dealt with by controlling elements in the environment of the remote viewer, the analytical and 7 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP 789R003200160001-9 associational "fill-in-the~blanks" overlays stem directly from cognitive processes within the remote viewer. Our investigation of these overlay patterns leads to a model of RV functioning shown schematically in Figure 1. With the application of the "stimlus” (e.g., the reading of a coordinate) there appears to be a momentary burst of "signal" that enters into awareness for a few seconds, and then fades away. The overlays appear to be triggered at this point to fill in the void. Success in handling these complex processes apparently requires that a remote viewer learn to "grab" incoming data bits while simultaneously attempting to control the overlays. A strict and disciplined methodology to perform this delicate and difficult task, involving repeated coordinate presenta- tion and quick-reaction response, has been developed and is presently being confiimed with four remote viewers; #002 who was primarily responsible for developing the basic concept, and Nos. 009, 131, and 504 who are in the role of trainees with regard to this particular methodology. The procedure designed to minimize overlays coupled with use of a specifically designed acoustic~tiled featureless room with homogeneous coloring to minimize environmental overlay, and adoption of a uniform, limited monitor béhavior role to minimize monitor overlay, constitute the basic methodology for noise reduction in our newly-developed approach to CRY. With regard to mapping the signal characteristics of the CRV channel, a progressive multistage target acquisition process appears to be emerging. The stages outlined in Table 1 appear to track an increasing contact with the target site that takes place during the CRV process. An example of these stages of elaboration in a completely successful remote viewing would be the series: (1) Recognition and decoding of Land surrounded by water, major gestalts an island (2) Achieving sensory contact Humid sensation, tropical with target feeling 8 Approved For Release 2001/0 10. - cin-nopeehorsenoosz00 e000
Approved For Release 200/1/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001 -9 (3) (4) (5) (G) Experiencing motion and mobility within target Recognition and decoding of minor signals while sustaining major gestalts Decoding special characteristics of target Analytical recognition and decoding of significant aspects of the target Table 1 Rising up, a panoramic view Mountains on the island, a small port city on the water's edge Large areas devoted to agriculture Some tourism, agriculture devoted primarily to sugar cane, main island in Fiji islands CRV STAGES OF TARGET ACQUISITION Recognition and decoding of gestalts Achieving sensory contact with target Experiencing motion and mobility within target Recognition and decoding of minor signals while sustaining major gestalts Decoding special characteristics of target Analytical recognition and decoding of Significant aspects of the target Knowledge of the above multistage process of target acquisition appears also to provide a filtering function, in that apparent data that does not emerge somewhat in this order tends to be overlay (e.g., immediate recognized image of the St. Louis Arch [Stage 6] as first response to coordinate presentation), For the training procedure, in which feedback Plays an essential role, a pool of several hundred target locations was prepared using 10 Approved For Release 2potv03107 : CIA-ROP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2091/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 material from a large library of National Geographic magazines. The coordinates for the chosen sites were obtained from the Second Edition (Revised) of the Times Atlas of the World--Comprehensive Edition, Houghton Miflin:' Co., Boston (1971). In a typical training session, a half dozen targets are chosen at random for use, In the early stages of the process the monitor makes himself aware of the target material he is using so that he can provide running feedback during the session. (We call this a Class C target protocol.) During this phase the monitor is allowed only a few stock phrases ("correct ," "near the target,” etc.) so as to minimize cueing and leading. Once some degree of apparent competence has been reached, the moni tor is given targets to which he is blind (a Class B target protocol) so as to eliminate confounding of the results by potential cueing. In this case feedback information is accessed by both monitor and remote viewer only at termination of the CRV session. A training series with a given remote viewer generally consists of roughly a hundred of these trials spread out over a two-month period, The output of a sample successful trial is shown in Figure 2. In detail, the training procedure is as follows: (1) The remote viewer and monitor seat themselves at opposite ends of a table, the former with a supply of paper and a pen, the latter with target folders (contents initially unknown) and reference atlases. (2) The remote viewer is instructed that the monitor will begin | the CRV process by selecting a folder and reading aloud target coordinates printed on the outside. The remote viewer is to note down on paper any immediate impressions (which he may also express aloud*) and then, rather than embellishing on his first impressions, to ask for the coordinates to be read aloud again so that the original process may be repeated, etc., until a coherent picture of the site emerges. oe The session is tape recorded. 11 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDPP6-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2061/03/07 : cia-RDH96-00789R003200160001-2 (3) Following these instructions, the monitor selects a folder and begins the process described above. (4) After one or more repetitions of the coordinates (each followed by a CRV response) leads to recognizable target characteristics, the folder is accessed by the monitor, and the atlas consulted (if necessary) in order to.give feedback. In the Class B protocol this is the termination of the session. In the Class C protocol a line is drawn on the remote viewer's data sheet to separate the data thus generated from further data, since up to this point the data were generated ina double-blind protocol and can be objectively evaluated later as a test of target acquisition. (5) In the Class C protocol, having terminated the target acquisition "test" phase, feedback can now be given and/or further data solicited. The feedback given at this point is non-negative, ranging from “correct,” through "near the target," to "you are at another target" (giving the remote viewer the benefit of the doubt). The monitor then has the option of terminating the viewing, asking for more detail ("there's something ten miles to the north that should be visible") or restarting the process when the viewer's original description did not correspond to the target site. (In the latter case the monitor can, of course, guide or cue the remote viewer into a correct response. This is acceptable in the non-test part of the sequence, ‘however, and provides an opportunity to investigate whether such cueing procedures can be useful in operationally oriented applications in which one | guides the remote viewer onto the target site with cues "a," "b," ... "f£," and then asks for detail in a nearby region, or concerning an unknown, "e.") To give an example, we present here a summary of results obtained with a remote viewer who was a relative neophyte with regard to CRV. He was exposed to this protocol, a few targets per session, over a several- day period, resulting in a data pool of 26 CRV target viewings. They were: Salt Lake Desert, Utah; Lake Erie; Chicago; Mono Lake; aAruba Island; Lake Okeechobee; Yount's Peak, Wyoming; Pitcairn Island; Pike's Peak; ? 13 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDF96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/93/07 : CIA-RDP9600789R003200160001-9 Los Angeles; Atlantic Ocean; Rio de Janeiro; Kansas plains; St. Peter and Paul Islands; Randall Dam, South Dakota; Lake Titicaca; Cape May; Niagara Falls; Munich; Amazon River; Midwestern plains; Venezuelan Peninsula; Sierra Blanca Mountain; Oregon Desert; Panama Canal; Puerto Rico, Following the first pilot session of five, in which essentially immediate feedback was given (Class C protocol), the remaining twenty-one were carried out with delayed feedback (Class B protocol) and thus provided material that could be assessed objectively. As a first cut the targets can be categorized roughly into five groups (mountains, flats, water, cities, islands/peninsulas). The target/response matrix obtained in the series is as shown in Table 2. The probability of such an alignment Table 2 DISTRIBUTION OF CRV TARGET/RESPONSE MATCHINGS Transcripts Islands / Mountains | Flats | Water | Cities | Peninsulas 7) 9) ) ) 0) 1 1 1 im) 0 ) 6 0) 7) ) ) 0) 2 1 1 9) , 0 ¢) 5 occurring by chance alone can be calculated by a direct-count-of- Mountains Flats Water Cities Islands/Peninsulas permutations method (see Appendix), and leads to p = 1/5! = 0.0083. The distribution of responses is therefore statistically significant, Further- more, beyond simple statistics, certain individual responses were excep- tionally accurate during the acquisition "test" phase. In the final trial Approved For Release 2001/03/07 - CIA-RDP96- 0789R003200160001-9 i i
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 Fc1A-RDPed-00789R003200160001-9 in this series, for example, when the target coordinates were for Guayama in Puerto Rico, the viewer described a "fishing village on the southeast coast of a boat~shaped island,” which is an entirely correct description of the locale at the target coordinates. He then drew an island, resembling Puerto Rico in both shape and orientation, A secondary application of the target pool/training mode procedure is as an auxiliar calibration tool, a ‘. Immediatel y 1 _ ely ; ) task (which we designate prior, during, or after af Class A protocols), a National Geographic CRV can be used to determine whether a remote viewer is "on," This procedure was used immediately following the third and final scan of one of the Operational CRVs described in the next section of this report. Under Class B protocol (monitor blind to target, no feedback during session) coordinates for the Sault Ste. Marie Locks in the Soo Canal were given. The CRY response, shown in Figure 3, centered on a channel with islands in it, leading toa large lake, and traversed by a large white bridge, a result of high quality. Eventual feedback on the ~ ytarget of interest revealed matching quality, B. CRV Applications me ons In this program SRI is charged with investigating ' RV in order to provide data Specifically, SRI has been tasked@ with examining a series of geographic coordinates using RV techniques with the goals of: (1) Establishing the authenticity and reliability of the RV phenomenon, 15 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 (2) Developing and refining experimental techniques and understanding of the RV phenomenon. (3) Establishing the best potential kinds of targets and best potential use of the RV phenomenon. In response to these requirements SRI has pursued application tasks of interest ¢ . These tasks (Class A protocols) have been pursued during the time frame in which the reliability-improvement program of the previous section has been in effect. Therefore, the quality we of response to these tasks provides an..indirect measure of the efficiency of the reliability-improvement procedures, The CRV tasks described below were carried out in response to quick . . ; | a arse — reaction requirements oo nvolved in monitoring the progress of the work. During these scans all SRI personnel were kept blind to the target. The tasks and associated response data are outlined here in summary form. Complete documentation (transcripts, messages, evaluation, etc.) can be made available t " UN ' " lo kSite No. 1 ("Mound" Site) ¢ RV Session Dates: 22 June 1979 (Session 1); > July 1979 (Session 2). e Remote Viewer: #009 e Interviewer: : (Session 1); H, Puthoff{f (Session 2), Two scans were carried out on aq jsite designated' i ‘Wann —sh, _—“‘77__wme (during a site visit) to be a target of interest. For \ Ty Mma “re interviewer Scan 1, Viewer #009 was closeted alone with __. ~~ — eno other personnel were present. The target site was designated by coordinates only (latitude and longitude to seconds), ( ~~ a 17 Approved For Release 2004/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
A Approved For Release tot : ClA-RBP9-00789R009200160001- : ; An evaluation was provided SRI A second scan was then carried out with the same viewer on 5S July 1979, targeting not by coordinate, but on the basis of familiarity with the site established in Scan 1, Details can be made available through separate channels. 2. } Site No. 2 (Ship Construction Site) * RV Session Dates: 12 July 1979 (Session 1); 17 July 1979 (Session 2), * Remote Viewer: #009 * Interviewer: H. Puthoff It was arranged in advance that an SRI remote viewer would attempt to target on a site designated only on the basis of the following: On the day of viewing a ™ wrepresentative, known to the viewer, would be carrying an envelope, inside of which were coordinates of a target of oe: interest, location and function unknown even to him, This was to con- Two scans were carried out on this basis on different dates. The viewer’s response centered on the description of a building of specific design, together with information on internal layout and activities, certain quite unique elements of which have been verified as being correct. 18 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA= 96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001143107 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 . 3. Caribbean Site *° RV Session Dates: 14 December 1979 (Session 1); 17 December 1979 (Session 2); 18 December 1979 (Session 3); 21 December 1979 (Session 4); 28 December 1979 (Session 5). * Remote Viewers: #698 (Session 1); #002 (Sessions 2-4); #009 (Session 5). ° Interviewer: H. Puthoff A total of five remote viewing sessions, involving three remote ‘7 viewers, was carried out on a Caribbean site designated, ee - ee aT Supplied to SRI 3} The analysis of this site has been completed. Each of the three viewers individually supplied pertinent, relevant data with regard to the target Site, and their data taken together resulted in a target ‘transcript correspondence rating of 7 (given by user) on a 0-7 point evaluation scale shown: in Table 3, The results generated in these | —_S tasks to date, all obtained with remote viewers incorporating the procedures developed in the reliability-improvem-nt program, appear to provide our first (and encouraging) evidence with regard to a possible upgraded level of per- formance. Further data needs to be generated, however, before a definitive assessment can be provided, and this requirement will be pursued during the remainder of the program, 19 Approved For Release 2901/03/07 : CIA-RDP9§-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release >hoss03007 cimRDP96-00789R003200160001.2 Table 3 0-7 POINT EVALUATION SCALE FOR TARGET/TRANSCRIPT CORRESPONDENCE Excellent correspondence, including good analytical detail (e.g., naming the site by name), and with essentially no incorrect information. Good correspondence with good analytical information (e.g., naming the function) and relatively little incorrect information. Good correspondence with unambiguous unique matchable elements, but some incorrect information. Good correspondence with several matchable elements intermixed with incorrect information. Mixture of correct and incorrect elements, but enough of the former to indicate viewer has made contact with the site. Some correct elements, but not sufficient to suggest results be yond chance expectation. Little correspondence, No correspondence. 20 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9 Appendix STATISTICAL PROCEDURE FOR FIRST=-CUT ANALYSIS OF CRV RESULTS A precise measure of the statistical significance of a matrix of target/transcript correspondences is given by a direct-count-of-permutations method of great generality. It is an exact calculation method requiring no approximations such as normality assumptions, Furthermore, the judging process that went into generating the matrix is not required to be inde- pendent transcript-to-transcript nor target~to-target. The only require- ment is that no artifactual information is provided as to the order of targets and transcripts. In particular, it can be shown that if targets are used with replacement or are nonorthogonal (the case here), then the method applies even in the case in which there is trial-by-trial feedback and the target pool is known a priori to both remote viewer and interviewer, Thus the possibility of interviewer cueing or subject guessing based on a priori knowledge of the target pool is handled at a fundamental level - i= by a statistical procedure that assumes the worst. The argument is as follows. In the absence of knowledge as to which transcript was generated in response to which target, one observes that in setting up the target- transcript matrix there are n! possible ways to label the columns (tran~ scripts), given any particular order of the rows (targets), and vice versa, Thus, there are n! possible matrices that could be constructed from the * C. Scott, "On the Evaluation of Verbal Material in Parapsychology: A Discussion of Dr. Pratt's monograph," Jour, Soc. Psych, Res., Vol. 46, No, 752, pp. 79-90 (June 1972). Approved For Release 2001 : CIA-RDP96,00789R003200160001 -9
svalal oved For Release 2001/03/07 : Cl RO PES-DO THORNS 200180001-9 ae Final Report May 1985 Covering the Period October 1983 to October 1984 O se AN AUTOMATED RV EVALUATION PROCEDURE (U) oH ea | SRI Project 7408-12 roms, Copy | Oj | This document consists of 28 pages. -SRIGF=0275 4 7 ee — ee eee ee 333 Ravenswood Avenue ° Menlo ( California 94025 - U.S.A. Se nation aA pproved FOF Rese 2084/03907 NTLAMRDPIBLO0789RU03200160001-9
Approved For Release eet : CIA-RDP96,00789R003200160001-9 II SUMMARY OF RESULTS (U) ( = We have modified a computer-automated remote viewing analysis procedure, first, developed at Princeton University, to be more responsive to the needs of thé community. Our procedure is based upon defining the information content in both a RV response and its associated target as the presence or absence of a series of items (called descriptors). Various mathematical comparisons can be made between responses and targets. By defining RV accuracy as the fractional part of the target information that was correctly perceived, and defining RV reliability as the fractional part of the response that was correct, we are able to construct an RV “figure of merit ” as the product of the two. The RV figure of merit is a sensitive, target-pool—independent assessment of the quality of a single, remote- viewing response. (U) We have developed a technique to assess an analysts’ RV judging ability by using a standardized test case of a series of remote viewings. Judging consistancy in a training environment is the most important factor in assessment ability. Thus, it is a requirement that the same analyst assess the information content in both the response and the target. Ina training environment, an analyst would first determine the information content in all of the targets in the target pool before assessing the information content in any RV response. All of the RV assessments are done without knowledge of the particular matching target. | "We have suggested ways in which a priori probabilities, on a descriptor- by-descriptor basis, can be used as RV assessments in the absence of any knowledge of the site. This technique requires the building of track records for each item on a viewer-by—- . As the track records begin to stabilize, we will be able to Integrate the analysis techniques described in this reportt ’ viewer basis Approved For Release ete : CIR ROPFE-caTESROO 2001600 { t
Approved For Release 001/007 cia-RDP9d.0078eR003200160001-9 III BACKGROUND (U) (U) Since publication of the results from the initial remote viewing effort at SRI International,** two basic questions remained about the evaluation of RV data: © What is the definition of the target site? ¢ What is the definition of the RV response? For example, consider a typical IEEE-style, outbound-experimenter remote-viewing trial. After an experimenter travels to a randomly chosen location at a prearranged time, a remote viewer’s (RVer) task is to describe that location. In trying to assess the quality of the RV descriptions (e.g., in a series of trials), an analyst must go to each of the sites and attempt to match responses to them. For example, while standing at a site, the analyst must decide not only the bounds of the site, but must also determine the site details that should be included in his/her analysis. While standing in the middle of the Golden Gate Bridge, should the analyst consider the buildings of downtown San Francisco, which are clearly and prominantly visible, as part of the Golden Gate Bridge target? Similarly, the RV response to the Golden Gate Bridge target might be 15 pages of dream-like free associations. A reasonable description of the bridge may be contained in the response; however, it might be obfiscated by a large amount of unrelated material. How should an analyst approach this problem? (U) The first attempt at quantitatively defining an RV response involved reducing the raw transcript to a series of declarative statements called concepts:? Initially, it was determined that a coherent concept should not be reduced to its component Parts. For example, a small red VW car should be considered as a single concept rather than four Separate concepts: small, red, VW, and car. Once a transcript had been “conceptualized,” that list of concepts constituted, by definition, the RV response. The analyst, then, rated the concept lists against the sites. Although this represented a major advance over previous methods, no attempt was made to define the target site. } During the FY’82 program, we developed a procedure to define both the target and the response material. We learned that before a site could be quantified, a goal for the *(U) References are listed in the order of appearance at the end of this report. Approved For Release 2001/93/07 : cia.nDpe«{00789R003200160001-8
Approved For Release 2001/0317 C1A-RDP96-)0789R003200160001-9 (U) combination would provide good RV assessments. The correlation coefficients averaged over all analysts were 0.431 and 0.462 for the Princeton and the SRI procedures respectively. While this difference is not significant, there is a bias in favor of the SRI procedure. Within the SRI procedure, No. 642 was the least consistent analyst. There were no significant differences between the full and the selective scoring. { In summary, we have developed a computer-based RV analysis tool that is ne — RN applicable for both the traininge _ The figure-of-merit analysis allows target-pool-independent assessment of the relative progress of RV trainees. Within a given training program absolute probabilities (against chance) can be assigned for a single training session. \ ‘| By carefully creating an appropriate ¢ a descriptor list, and by tracking figures of merit on a bit-by-bit basis, _ The figure-of-merit analysis requires that complete descriptor a8 feedback information is information of the site be known.4 available, descriptor track records -(figure-of~merit analysis) can be kept over many sessions to provide accuracy and reliability data on a viewer-by-~viewer basis. Thus, viewers can be selected on the basis of their a priori probabilites on the, wlescriptors of interest, and a priori assessments of their responses can be made by using the same track record. 24 Approved For Release 2001/0407 : CIA-RDP96+00789R003200160001-9
Approved For Release ais puaalns eee To-4 ACCESS PRIMARY BITS RETRACING aN {rises up, very sharply) Ma~- nade, (Man-made) Ae DETAILED DESCRIPTION ee — MULTIPLE BITS y, ’ ‘(long flat) vated END ACCESS Ly FIGURE 4(e) (U) FIFTH ACCESS PERIOD 18 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : Cee
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Approved For Release 2001/03/@aes *-grseronsz0n 60001-9 (U) To test the hypothesis, the entire series is broken into 1-second intervals. Table 1 shows the format for data accumulated for one series. Table 1 (U) DATA FORMAT Stimulus Yes No Response No UNCLASSIFIED (U) The fractional hitting rate is p, = A/(A+8), and the fractional missing rate is P2= Ci(C+D). The total number of 1-second intervals is VN = (A+B+C+D), and the total stimulus rate iS Po = (A+C)/N . Then the following statistic is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1 under the null hypothesis: (P1 — P2) 1 1 1- — + ——__ Pol ra ats + aa) \ |Table 2 shows N, Po, Pi, P2 Z, p-value, and the effect size, 7, for the three psi protocol series for which button press data exist. As in the early SRI study, nothing indicates cognitive recognition of the remote stimuli. Table 2 (U) BUTTON PRESSING RESULTS a ee ee 0.167 0.198 0.164 0.091 0.068 0.094 0.157 0.119 0.160 Viewer 002 : 009 372 4 y wae 36 Approved For Release 2001/03/07: CIA-RDP86-00789R003200160001-9