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SCCRCf-
GRILL
FLAME
PROJECT
REPORT
Defense
Intelligence Agency
Directorate for Scientific
and Technical
Intelligence
19 OCTOBER
1983
CLASSIFIED
BY:
DIA/DT-5A
DECLASSIFY ON:
OADR
DISSEMINATION AND EXTRACTION OF
INFORMATION CONTROLLED BY ORIGINATOR
NOT RELEASABLE TO FOREIGN NATIONALS
WARNING NOTICE— SENSITIVE
INTELLIGENCE
SOURCES AND METHODS
INVOLVED
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PREFACE
(5)
This
report
summarizes
results
of
the
three-year
GRILL
FLAME
project,
which
terminated
at
the
close
of
FY
1983.
It
contains
key
findings
from
the
various
project
activities,
and
identifies
potential
follow-on
efforts.
The
types
of
investigations,
methods
used
for
their
evaluation,
and
other
aspects
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
also
are
reviewed.
- Additional
project
information
is
summarized
in
the
appendices,
and
detailed
project
reports
are
listed
in
the bibliography.
(S)
In
addition
to
this
DIA
evaluation,
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
also
has
been
reviewed
by
an
independent
Scientific
Evaluation
Team
that
met
in
August
and
September
of
1983.
The
scientific
evaluation
and
recommendations
will
be
forwarded
separately.
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SG1A
PREFACE
'• "
Page —
I
BACKGROUND
II
FINDINGS
1.
SUMMARY
2.
DISCUSSION
a.
GENERAL
b.
RV ENHANCEMENT/TRAINING
C.
INTELLIGENCE POTENTIAL
d.
OTHER PROJECT RESULTS
IV
RECOMMENDATIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
I
REMOTE VIEWING SESSION DETAILS
1-1
APPENDIX
II
STATISTICAL METHODS
H-l
APPENDIX
III
FUNDING LEVELS
HI-1
APPENDIX
IV
EXAMPLES OF REMOTE VIEWING DATA
IV-1
ii
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I BACKGROUND
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
Project
GRILL
FLAME
was
a
joint
DIA and Army effort,
with
DIA
providing
overall
project
management
and
coordination.
The
project's
main
goals
were
to
evaluate
the
threat
that
foreign
psychoenergetics
achievements
might
pose
to
US
national
security,
and
to
explore
the
potential
of
psychoenergetics for use
in US intelligence collection.
(S/NOFORN)
Psychoenergetics
refers
to
classes
of
human
capabilities
that
are
parapsychological
in
nature.
There
are
two main
categories,
informational
and
energetic,
that can
be defined
as:
1.
Remote viewing
(RV)/Extrasensory Perception
(ESP) —
ability of
an
individual
to access and describe remote geographic areas or
£o access
and describe concealed data via undefined transmission
mechanisms.
2.
Psychokinesis
(PK) — mental
ability to
influence physical
or
biological
systems
via undefined physical mechanisms.
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N) The
primary
focus
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
effort
was
on
remote
viewing
phenomena.
However,
psychokinesis
research
in
the
USSR,
China
and
other
foreign
countries
was
examined
to
see
if
the
occurrence
of
remote
viewing
could
be
detected
by
scientific
instrumentation.
This
has
implications
for possible countermeasures to foreign use of remote viewing.
(S/NOFORN) To
assist
in
achieving
GRILL
FLAME
goals,
SRI
International
was
selected
as
a
contractor
due
to
its
extensive
experience
in
investigating
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remote
viewing
phenomenon.
In
a
three-year
program,
SRI
assisted
DIA
in
evaluating
the
potential
threat
of
foreign
achievements
in
psychoenergetics,
and
in
dete rmining
if
remote
viewing
could
be
developed
sufficiently
for
in-
house
• DoD
use.
Inherent
in
this
effort
were
the
reality,
repeatability,
and
trainability
of
remote
viewing
phenomena.
Issues
related
to
scientific
understanding
of
the
phenomena,
or
to
phenomena
transmission
mechanisms,
were
not addressed,
since this was
beyond project scope and available resources.
(S/NOFORN)
The
SRI
investigations
were
designed
to
follow
strict
protocols.
Scientific
evaluation
methods
were
developed
to
assess
project
results.
To
verify
adherence
to
agreed-upon
methods
and
protocols,
DIA
placed
a
project
monitor on-site for the duration
of the GRILL FLAME effort.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON)
Funding
for
the
SRI
contract
was
provided
jointly by DIA
and
the
Army
Intelligence
Security
Command
with
a
small
portion
also provided
by
the
Defense
Advanced
Research
Projects
Agency.
During
the
past
three
years,
the
average funding
has
been
$492K
per year.
The
staff
at SRI
on this project
consisted
of
only
two
senior
scientists,
a
research
analyst,
a
consultant
and
several
support
personnel.
While
the
funds
have
been
low
and
their
arrival
dates sporadic,
many valuable findings and useful
data have been produced.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON/WNINTEL) The
Army portion
of
GRILL FLAME
also
included
a
small
in-house
group,
located
at
INSCOM
headquarters,
that
focused
exclusively
on
operational
matters,
and
that
supported
remote
viewing
training
methods
developed
at
SRI.
The
Army
portion
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
was
curtailed
in
1982
as
a result of Congressional
authorization action.
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II FINDINGS
1.
SUMMARY
(U)
(S/NOFORN)
Key findings
of
the GRILL FLAME project
are:
o
Remote viewing
is
a real
phenomenon,
and
is
not degraded
by distance
or
shielding.
o
Remote viewing ability can
be
improved by appropriate
training procedures.
o
Remote viewing has potential
for US intelligence appli-
cations.
However,
at this stage of development,
descriptive
content
(e.g.,
sketches,
configurations)
is more reliable
than analytic content
(e.g., function,
complex technical
data).
o
A potential
threat to US national
security exists from
foreign achievements
in psychoenergetics.
In the USSR
and
in China,
this research
is well funded and
receives high-level
government backing.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON) Achievements
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
include
development
of remote
viewing
training methods,
the development
of
statistical
methods
for
evaluating
remote
viewing
data,
and
the
compilation
of
an
extensive data
base
on
foreign
psychoenergetics
research.
Methods
for
improving
the
reliability
of
remote
viewing
data,
through
detailed
understanding
of
the
remote
viewing
process,
and
through
identification
of
techniques
for
isolating
valid
from
spurious
data
also
were
achieved.
Training
techniques
that
show
promise
for
enhancing
the
reliability
of
the
analytical
content
of
remote
viewing
data
also were
identified.
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2.
Discussion
(U)
a.
General
(U)
(S/N0F0RN)
At
the
beginning
of
the
three-year
program,
a
considerable
data
base
on remote
viewing
(RV)
had
already
been
established.
This
included
open-
literature
publication
of
earlier
work
by
the
contractor
(SRI)l
and
replication
studies
by
others, 2
as
well
as
numerous
classified
reports
on
remote viewing3,
4,
5.
(S/NOFORN)
In
designing
the
three-year
program,
it
was
recognized
that
effective use
of
RV technology
as
a routine
intelligence collection
tool
would
require
that
a
number
of
elements
be
in
place.
They
ranged
from
the
establishment of personnel
screening
and selection procedures
to the
H.
Puthoff
and
R.
Targ,
"A Perceptual
Channel
for
Information Transfer
over
Kilometer
Distances:
Historical
Perspective
and
Recent
Research,
Proc.
IEEE,
Vol
64,
No.
3, March
1976.
See,
e.g.,
report
by
the
Princeton
University Engineering Anomalies Research
Group
under
the
leadership
of
the
Dean
of
the
School
of
Engineering
and
Applied
Science,
R.
Jahn,
"The
Persistent
Paradox
of
Psychic
Phenomena:
An
Engineering Perspective,
"Proc.
IEEE,
Vol.
70,
No.
2,
February
1982.
"Perceptual
Augmentation
Techniques"
(U),
Final
Report
to
CIA,
SRI
Project
3183,
Stanford Research
Institute, Menlo Park,
CA
(December
1,
1975),
SECRET
"Advanced
Threat
Technique
Assessment"
(U).
Final
Report
to
FTD,
SRI
Project
5309,
SRI
International, Menlo Park,
CA
(October
1978), SECRET/NOFORN
"Special
Orientation
Techniques"
(U),
Final
Report
to
Army
INSCOM,
SRI
Project 8465,
SRI
International, Menlo Park,
CA
(June
1980), SECRET/NOFORN
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development of countermeasures technology to prevent effective use
of RV
against
US
interests.
Therefore,
at the outset,
eight action-item areas were
established,
which were:
(1)
REMOTE VIEWING ENHANCEMENT,
INCLUDING:
(a)
Alternative targeting strategies, such
as targeting by
coordinates
(CRV),
pictures,
ID numbers,
etc.
(b)
Before-the-fact
indicators of success,
such
as the
use of
physiological measures
(e.g.,
audio analysis
of session tapes),
calibration
trials,
etc.
(2)
LOCATION/TRACKING
"SEARCH"
PROBLEM
(3)
TRAINING
(4)
ROUTINE OPERATIONAL RV PROCEDURES
(5)
EVALUATION TECHNIQUES
(6)
DATA BASE MANAGEMENT,
INTEGRATION, AND DISSEMINATION
(7)
INTELLIGENCE DATA BASE STUDIES CONCERNING FOREIGN USE
(8)
COUNTERMEASURES,
INCLUDING.
(a)
Passive intrusion detection
(b)
Shielding,
jamming,
and remote perturbation
(RP)
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(U)
Program tasking
and priorties were
then
developed for
each
of the areas
of
interest.
b.
RV Enhancement/Training
(U)
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
The
primary
focus
in
the
three-year
program
was
the
development
of
RV
enhancement/training
procedures.
The
purpose
was
to
determine
whether
RV
reliability
could
be
enhanced,
and
whether
RV
technology
could
be
transferred
in
a
structured
fashion
from
one
individual
to
another.
Positive findings
in
either
area would
have
great
significance
with regard
to
both
potential
foreign
threat
and
to
US
application.
At
the
begining
of
the
three-year
program
a
decision
was
made
to
develop
and
codify
the
most
promising
RV
training procedures that
had
emerged
from earlier
work.
Some
of
the
initial
training
phases
were
already
in
hand;
later
stages
were
subsequently
developed
as
the
program
progressed.
The
procedures
focus
on
improving
the
reliability
of
remote
viewing
by
controlling
those
factors
that
tend
to
introduce errors
into the
RV
product.
The
RV
training
procedures
are
designed
to
proceed
through
six
stages
of
proficiency,
corresponding
to
six
stages
of
increased contact with
the
target
site.
The
method
used
for
target
designation
in
this
training
program was
the
coordinate
method
(see
appenxdix
I).
(S/NOFORN)
As
a
measure
of
progress
made
with
the
implementation
of
the
six-
stage
training
procedures,
data
were
obtained
from
the
key
SRI
remote
viewer
before
and
after exposure
to
the training
program.
The
viewer was targeted
on
a
series
of
randomly
selected
worldwide
test
locations.
These
tests
were
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carried
out
under
strict
protocols
and
double-blind
conditions
(neither
monitor
nor viewer
know
the
target
site)
to prevent
inadvertent
disclosure
of
target
information.
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
The
accuracy
of
the
descriptions
was
assessed
on
the
basis
of
the
accuracy
rating
scale
shown
in
Table
I.
Results
indicate
that
viewer
performance
improved
through
training.
Prior
to
training,
only
22 percent
of
the
viewer
responses
from
100
tests
were
in
the
good
to
excellent
category.
After
training,
percent
of
the
data
from
tests
were
rated
as
good
to
excellent.
A
statistical
analysis
of
the first
four
and
the
last
four
tests
from
the
after-training
series
was
also
performed
to
see
if
data
quality
at
the
end
of
this
series
was
better
than
data
quality
at
the
begining.
Using
the
concept
analysis
technique
discused
in
the
appendix
II,
the
correct
site
was
identified
in three of these
last
four
tests.
A
similar
approach yielded
one correct match
(chance
level)
for
the first four tests.
This result,
along
with
the
over
all
percent
accuracy
level,
indicates
that
the
training
procedures
were
effective
and
that
data
quality
improvements
were
achieved
over time.
(S/NF/ORCON)
To
date,
eleven
individuals
have
been
exposed
to
the
training
program,
including three representatives
sent
from the
Intelligence
Community.
Eight
of
these
people
had
no
previous
RV
experience.
All
progressed
satisfactorily through
initial
stages of the training program.
(S/NOFORN)
Results of the
RV research
leads to certain
conclusions with regard
to RV characteristics
in general.
These
are listed
in Table
II.
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Table
I
RV DATA ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
DEGREE
OF
RV
DATA CORRELATION TO TARGET
LITTLE
OR
NO CORRESPONDENCE
- SELF-EXPLANATORY.
"
A MISS."
SOME CORRESPONDENCE
-
MIXTURE OF CORRECT
AND
INCORRECT DATA.
ENOUGH TO INDICATE
POSSIBLE
"ACCESS" TO THE
SITE, ALTHOUGH
CHANCE CANNOT BE RULED OUT.
"AMBIGUOUS."
GOOD CORRESPONDENCE
- GOOD DESCRIPTION WITH
SEVERAL ELEMENTS MATCHING,
BUT SOME
INCORRECT INFORMATION.
"A HIT."
EXCELLENT CORRESPONDENCE
- EXCELLENT
DESCRIPTION.
UNAMBIGUOUS MATCHABLE ELEMENTS,
WITH RELATIVELY LITTLE
INCORRECT
INFORMATION.
"EXCELLENT HIT."
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ACCURACY
RATING SCALE