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WASH POST
8 June 1984
Pg.l
WASHINGTON TIMES
8 June 1984
Pg.4
Reagan: Allies
Must Cooperate
On Oil Reserves
By Michael Getler and Lou Cannon
Washington Post Foreign Service
LONDON, June 7—Against a back-drop of growing
warfare
in the
Persian
Gulf,
President Reagan today
called for more cooperation among the allies on contin-
gency plans to coordinate oil reserves in case of any se-
rious disruption of supplies. He indicated he would use
the greatly expanded U.S.
oil reserves quickly to keep
the United States and western economic recoveries going.
As the six leading western industrialized nations and
Japan met here to open their 10th annual economic sum-
mit meeting,
there also was growing U.S. pressure on
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to expand a
planned political statement on democratic values to in-
clude a reaffirmation of allied willingness to deploy in-
termediate-range nuclear missiles in Europe.
A senior U.S.
official said that a proposed broadly
worded Thatcher statement on western
dedication
to
democratic values, which the United States has agreed
i
to, is “boilerplate” and too general and could cause “some
embarrassment” to Thatcher unless expanded to include
a substantive statement on East-West political issues and
arms control.
The summit conference opened tonight with a recep-
tion
for
leaders
of
the
seven
countries—the
United
States, Britain, Canada, France,
Italy, Japan and West
Germany—that was followed by a working dinner at 10
Downing
St., the British prime
minister’s
official
resi-
dence. Formal sessions are to get under way Friday.
In separate talks, Reagan and Japanese Prime Min-
ister Yasuhiro Nakasone agreed to use the summit to
press their partners for a new round of multilateral trade
negotiations beginning in 1986. [Details, Page E1.J
On the oil issue, U.S. officials said the American po-
sition is that surplus capacity for producing oil elsewhere
is greater than ever before and western nations must
avoid any panic or actions which would curtail the cur-
rent economic recovery in the West in case of a sudden
shortage of gulf oil.
“Our basic message is that we are willing and intend to
use our strategic petroleum reserves to the optimum ad-
vantage early in any major oil supply disruption,” a U.S.
official said.
REAGAN. . .Pg.2
Pentagon refuses to deny
report on Soviet jamming
THE WASHINGTON TIMES
The Defense Department yester-
day declined to deny a report that
the Soviet Union has begun jam-
ming U.S. satellites for monitoring
Soviet missile tests and verifying
compliance
with
arms
control
agreements.
“The information relating to that
is classified. And,
I regret
I can’t
provide any more
details
at
this
time,”
Pentagon
spokesman
Michael Burch said in response to
a question.
"I’m not denying the report. But,
I just cannot provide you with any
more details,” he told reporters at
the regular Pentagon briefing. In
;
reply
to another
question,
the
spokesman also said, “I’m not con-
firming the report.”
This week, defense sources told
The
Washington Times
that
the
Soviets had begun to electronically
jam the satellites in violation of the
nuclear arms agreements. The sat-
ellites are used to verify compli-
ance
with
the
nuclear arms
accords, which forbid interference
with the means to verify compli-
ance.
The satellites are used to monitor
Soviet missile data telemetered to
ground stations during flight tests.
The data provides information on
the number of warheads on a par-
ticular type of missile, and is used
to set and later to verify limits in a
nuclear arms agreement.
In
January,
President Reagan
accused the
Soviets
of
violating
nuclear arms agreements by
encoding or. encrypting the flight
test telemetry in an attempt to pre-
vent monitoring.
Government
sources
said
the
Soviets had now gone a step further
and begun jamming the satellites to
prevent even the gathering of the
encrypted data for possible decod-
ing later,
PENTAGON.
. .Pg .
BALTIMORE SUN
8 June 1984
Pg.l
Secret commando units
created by Pentagon
New York Times News Service
WASHINGTON — The Defense
Department
has
created
several
secret commando
units
in recent
years, and they have tried to rescue
missing Americans in danger spots
abroad, participated in the invasion
of Grenada and supported CIA co-
vert operations in Central Ameri-
ca, according to administration of-
ficials and members of Congress.
The development of these elite
units has raised concern
in Con-
gress
that they might become
a
uniformed version of the CIA and
be used to circumvent congression-
al
restrictions
and
reporting
re-
quirements on intelligence activi-
ties and the use of American forces
in combat
operations, some law-
makers say.
But a senior intelligence official
denied that such a risk existed. He
said that although the new special
operations forces constituted a re-
source for intelligence operations,
any such use of them would be di-
rected by the CIA and properly re-
ported to the Congress.
Some of the units, the training
and activities of which are highly
classified, were created to combat
terrorism but have acquired broad-
ened mandates and training to con-
duct missions to counter insurgen-
cies in Central America, Africa and
Asia, the sources said.
The growth of the units, officials
said, stemmed from a general con-
COMMANDO ...Pg.2
For special research services or distribution
call
nt Chief
Harry Zubkoff, Chief, News Clipping & Analysis Service, 695-2884
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COMMANDO.
. .Continued
PENTAGON.
. .Continued
REAGAN. . .Continued
cem at senior levels in the govern-
ment that the United States needed
to improve its ability to use special
forms
of
force
in
situations
in
which the open exercise of power
and the deployment of large num-
bers of men and weapons would be
politically unacceptable.
Although in a few instances, in-
cluding
operations
in
Central
America,
these
new
units
have
i
worked in conjunction with CIA co-
J
vert
activities, they are not
offi-
{
daily
considered
intelligence
S
groups.
Maj. Gen. Wesley H. Rice,
the
director of the Joint Special Opera-
tions Agency, which provides high-
level Pentagon planning and coor-
dination for the units, told a House
subcommittee in April that he did
not view
his organization “as an
agency
of
interest
to
the
intelli-
gence oversight committee.”
Senator
Joseph
R.
Biden
(D,
Del.), a member of the Senate Se-
lect
Committee
on
Intelligence,
said
in
an
interview:
“We
are
aware of the existence of the spe-
cial operations units but not suffi-
ciently informed about their activi-
ties or their connection
to
intelli-
gence operations. We are trying to
learn more.”
Much about the
units remains
secret.
The
Pentagon
refused
to
give information about the groups’
organization, training or activities,
and the officers who direct them
declined to be interviewed.
However,
interviews
with
cur-
rent and former Pentagon and
in-
telligence
officials,
members
of
Congress and staff members of key
congressional
committees,
dis-
closed these details about the new
units:
They operate under the direc-
tion of the Joint Special Operations
Command, centered at Fort Bragg,
N.C. The command was created to
coordinate
U.S.
counterterrorist
activities in the wake of the unsuc-
cessful
1980
mission
to
rescue
Americans held hostage in Iran.
I
The command, headed by Brig.
Gen.
Richard
A.
Scholtes,
has
a
core force of elite troops who can
be quickly supplemented with more
traditional
commando
units,
in-
cluding the Army Special Forces.
Under the terms of a secret
1983 memo
to President Reagan
from Defense Secretary Caspar W.
Weinberger, the Pentagon pledged
to provide a wide range of logisti-
cal support and manpower to assist
CIA covert operations
in Central
America,
including
support
of
Nicaraguan rebels.
Senate and
House
intelligence
committees
are
investigating
whether this Pentagon support al-
The jamming has been electron-
ically precise, and apparently has
taken advantage
of the
technical
data provided to the Soviets by con-
victed spies. Andrew Daulton Lee
and Christopher John Boyce were
convicted for reportedly giving the
Soviets the
technical specifics
in
1977 on
the
Rhyolite and Argus
telemetry monitoring satellites.
— By Walter Andrews
lowed
the CIA
to circumvent
re-
strictions, including a $24 million
ceiling, on support
for the rebels
this year.
Some of the special operations
command
units played
a key
but
still largely secret role in the inva-
sion of Grenada last fall. The units,
including Navy Sea Air and Land
teams, SEALs, infiltrated Grenada
before the landing of Marines and
Army Rangers.
They
successfully
carried
out
one action, safeguarding Grenada’s
governor general,
Sir Paul Scoon,
but failed in two others, including
an effort to knock the Grenada ra-
dio off the air, according to a con-
gressional
report.
At
least
four
men were
killed
in
these
opera-
tions, which remain officially clas-
sified.
Units tried to locate missing
or captured Americans in Lebanon
in the last 18 months and assisted
in the 1982 search for Brig. Gen.
James L. Dozier, who was held hos-
tage by Italian terrorists.
As
the
government’s
primary
counterterrorist
strike
force,
the
units have been deployed
in other
unspecified
situations
around
the
world
when
American
citizens
were involved in airplane hijack-
ings and attacks on American em-
bassies or diplomats and will be in-
volved in protecting against terror-
ist
attacks
at
the
Los
Angeles
Olympics.
One
unit,
identified
as Navy
SEAL Team Six, based at the Little
Creek Naval Amphibious Base out-
side
Norfolk,
Va.,
operates amid
extraordinary
secrecy.
Its mem-
bers dress in
civilian clothes and
train
at
civilian
installations,
in-
cluding the Pinal County Air Park
near Tucson, Ariz.
When
one
team member was
j
killed in a skydiving accident at the
air park
last year,
his colleagues
initially
ordered
doctors
at
St.
Mary’s Hospital
in Tucson not
to
turn over the body
to
the county
medical examiner for “national se-
curity
reasons,”
hospital
authori-
ties said.
Intelligence
officials
said
the
Pentagon, impatient with the CIA’s
—»
-
—
Reagan told Nakasone that “in case of an emergency,
he
[Reagan]
believes that by
utilizing part of the U.S.
stockpile any emergency can be handled,” according to
an account provided by Nakasone’s spokesman. “But at
the same
time,
the
president
believes
cooperation by
friendly countries is needed,” the spokesman said.
U.S. officials said th% U.S. oil stockpile now is 400 mil-
lion barrels, equivalent to about 80 days of net
oil im-
ports and nearly four times the level
of the reserves in early 1981,
They said the prospect that the
gulf could be closed by Iran if its war
with
Iraq expands
“is remote" and
reiterated
the
U.S.
pledge to keep
the gulf sealanes open.
Nevertheless,
Treasury
Secretary
Donald Regan
told
reporter* that
al-
though Reagan did not bring any spe-
cific new plan here with him, he and
Nakasone “agreed that some type
of
sharing, some type of contingency plan-
REAGAN. . .Pg .3
leading
role
in conducting covert
operations,
particularly
paramili-
tary
activities, has pressed
in
re-
cent years to establish its own units
capable of directing and carrying
out such operations:
Starting in 1980, after the
fail-
ure of the mission to rescue Ameri-
can hostages in Iran, the Army, un-
der the direction of Gen. Edward C.
Meyer, then chief of staff, created
a small, secret intelligence organi-
zation called the Intelligence Sup-
port Activity.
The group was formed without
the knowledge of the Secretary of
Defense, the CIA director or Con-
gress, according to intelligence of-
ficials.
Its
original
mission,
according
to former Army officers familiar
with the group’s origin, was to col-
lect intelligence to plan for special
military
operations
such
as
the
Iran rescue attempt.
In the last few years, the Joint
Special Operations Command has
evolved beyond
its
original man-
date of countering terrorism to oth-
er kinds of special operations, ac-
cording to officials.
Lawmakers and staff members
said they were concerned about the
somewhat ambiguous area — one
staff member
called
it
a
“gray
zone” — between military and in-
telligence operations.
The Defense Department has re-
sponded
to
oversight
inquiries by
the Intelligence Committee, but of-
ficials say the Pentagon is less co-
operative than the CIA in discuss-
ing its operations.
The Pentagon’s current budget
request
for
special
operations
forces
is about
$500
million,
ac-
cording to data given to Congress.
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