Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6 Tart's injunctions of the mid-sixties were being heeded at Maimonides Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, by a team of researchers that included Dr. Montague Ullman, who was director of research for the hospital; Dr. Stanley Krippner; and, later, Charles Honorton. These three worked together for several years on experiments on the occurrence of telepathy in dreams. In the course of a half-dozen experimental series, they found in their week-long sessions a number of subjects who had dreams that consistently were highly descriptive of pictorial material that a remote sender was looking at throughout the night. This work is described in detail in the experimenters! book Dream Telepathy [33]. Honorton is continuing work of this free-response type in which the subject has no preconceived idea’as to what the target may be. In his more recent work with subjects in the waking state, Honorton is providing homogeneous stimulation to the subject who is to describe color slides viewed by another person in a remote room. In this new work, the subject listens to white noise via earphones and views an homogeneous visual field imposed through the use of Ping-Pong ball halves to cover the subject's eyes in conjunction with diffuse ambient illumination. In this so-called Ganzfeld setting, subjects are again able, now in the waking state, to give correct and often highly accurate descriptions of the ma- terial being viewed by the sender [34]. In Honorton's work and elsewhere it apparently has been the step away from the repetitive, forced-choice experiment that has opened the way for 17 Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6
but the Approved: For Releasec2002/O5i1 Z cAHAcRDRI6-OOFE7ROCOHSOON200C Ere 2 shows an overlay of three averaged EEG spectra from one of the subject's 36 trial runs, displaying differences in alpha activity during the three stimulus conditions. Extensive control procedures were undertaken to de- termine if these results were produced by system artifacts, electromag- netic pickup (EMI), or by subtle cueing; the results were negative [4]. As part of the experimental protocol, the subject was asked to indi- cate a conscious assessment for each trial (via telegraph key) as to the nature of the stimulus; analysis showed these guesses to be at chance. Thus, arousal as evidenced by significant alpha blocking occurred only at the noncognitive level of physiological response. Hence, the experi- ment provided direct physiological (EEG) evidence of perception of remote stimuli even in the absence of overt cognitive response. Whereas in our experiments we used a remote light flash as a stimulus, Tart [48] in his work used an electrical shock to himself as sender, and Lloyd [49] simply told the sender to think of a red triangle each time a red warning light was illuminated within his view. Lloyd observed a con- sistent evoked potential in his subjects; whereas in our experiments and in Tart's, a reduction in amplitude and a desynchronization of alpha was observed, an arousal response. (If a subject is resting in an alpha- dominant condition and he is then stimulated, for example in any direct manner, one will observe a decrease and desynchronization in alpha power.) We consider. that these combined results are evidence for the existence of noncognitive awareness of remote happenings and that they have a profound implication for paranormal research. 23 Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6
Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6 S a g ab E Fs 16 if oO ft kK ~! > : 5 Hz 10 Hz 15 Hz TA~760525-4 FIGURE 2. OCCIPITAL EEG FREQUENCY SPECTRA, 0 TO 20 Hz, OF ONE SUBJECT (H.H.) ACTING AS RECEIVER SHOWING AMPLITUDE CHANGES IN THE 9-11-Hz BAND AS A FUNCTION OF STROBE FREQUENCY Three Cases —- 0-, 6- and 16-Hz flashes (12 trial averages) 24 Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6
Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6 claim to perceive things that the majority do not admit to seeing. There- fore, in addition to maintaining scientific rigor, one of our primary tasks as researchers is to provide an environment in which the subject feels safe to explore the possibility of paranormal perception. With a new subject, we also try to stress the nonuniqueness of the ability be- cause from our experience paranormal functioning appears to be a latent ability that all subjects can articulate to some degree. Because of Mrs. Hammid's artistic background, she was capable of drawing and describing visual images that she could not identify in any cognitive or analytic sense. When the target demarcation team went to a target location which was a pedestrian overpass, the subject said that she saw “a kind of trough up in the air," which she indicated in the upper part of her drawing in Figure 4, She went on to explain that "If you stand where they are standing you will see something like this," indicating the nested squares at the bottom of Figure 4. As it turned out, a judge stand- ing where she indicated would have a view closely resembling what she had drawn, as can be seen from the accompanying photographs of the target loca- tion. It needs to be emphasized, however, that judges did not have access to our photographs of the site, used here for illustrative purposes only, but rather they proceeded to each of the target locations by list. In another experiment, the subject described seeing "an open barnlike structure with a pitched roof." She also saw a "kind of slatted side to the structure making light and dark bars on the wall." Her drawing and a 35 Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6
Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6 SA-3183-5 FIGURE 4 SUBJECT HAMMID (S4) DRAWING, DESCRIBED AS “SOME KIND OF DIAGONAL TROUGH UP IN THE AIR” 36 Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500020001-6