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pected direction in this database. The correlation, however, is much larger (i.e., q = —0.40) in those
experiments where significant AC was demonstrated. We hope to extend the free response database to
include more trials from SRI International's extensive collection of trials where significant AC was ex-
hibited. We will complete a meta-analysis of all this material.
Epilepsy. We may discover more about the impact ofGMF fluctuations on AC performance by research
on other behaviors that are modulated by very low frequency magnetic fields. Some literature suggests
a connection between idopathic and epileptic seizures and GMF fluctuations. Currently, we are assem-
bling a database of approximately 4000 seizures and seizure-related mortalities. Preliminary analysis of
a subset of this database suggests that both seizures and mortalities associated with seizures are weakly
correlated with elevated GMF noise levels. GMF noise might be depressing the melatonin level, result-
ing in an increased probability of seizure. We will examine this database with respect to recordings of
precise power levels in the ULF/ELF spectrum to clarify what region of the EM spectrum is responsible
for the effect.
6.2.2.4 AC Correlations Literature Search
Mr. Charles Honorton of the Psychophysical Research Laboratories (PRL) has been subcontracted to
conduct a detailed key-word parapsychology literature search for potential correlations of AC perfor-
mance and external variables (e.g., personality, IQ), and to perform meta-analyses where appropriate.
The meta-analyses potion of this task has begun.
6.2.3
Theoretical Issues
6.2.3.1 Assessment of Theoretical Constructs
Currently, one senior research physicist has been identified who is anxious to explore thermodynamic
and general relativistic models to formulate hypotheses for the mechanism of AC.
6.2.3.2 Targeting
As part of the subcontract, the Psychophysical Research Laboratories are nearing completion of a de-
tailed design to explore the potential of a beacon as a targeting mechanism.
In addition, the experi-
ment, which is described in Section 6.2.2.2 above, also explores the role of a sender in AC experiments.
6.2.3.3 Communication
We have designed a computer-based binary AC experiment that uses sequential analysis to enhance AC
effects. The details of the experimental design can be found in our technical protocol, which is under
review by the SOC.4 Sequential analysis will improve a sample hit rate from 60 to 85%. We show in the
technical protocol that this enhancement is 21% better than a one-in-three majority vote procedure.
We expect to begin the experiment in early March 1992.
6.2.4
Altered States
6.2.4.1 Lucid Dreaming
The Lucidity Institute has been subcontracted to conduct a pilot experiment to study AC in lucid dreams.
The details of the experimental design can be found in our technical protocol, which is under review by the
SOC.5
Experienced receivers and lucid dreamers will individually be given carefully double wrapped and
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sealed targets drawn randomly from our standard set of National Geographic magazine photographs. With
the aid of a DreamLight, a device to help induce a lucid dream, the experimental task is to:
• become lucid in a dream
• open the sealed envelope (i.e., while still dreaming)
• study its content
• wake up and record the dream impressions.
Analysis of the responses will follow the standard protocol for rank order judging.
As an introduction to lucid dreaming, the Lucidity Institute has conducted a three-day workshop for the
participants in the experiment. We expect to begin experimental trials by March 1992.
6.2.5
Energetics
6.2.5.1 Anomalous Perturbation Protocol
There has been no action on this item during the reporting period.
6.3 Applied Research
6.3.1 MEG Developments
63.1.1
Identification
Preliminary analysis of responses to direct light stimuli shows a qualitative correspondence with native
AC ability. Other factors, such as motivation or ambition, may also play an important role in identifying
high-quality receivers.
If the preliminary results from the MEG phase-shift measurements are true, then that variable may be a
more reliable indicator of native AC ability.
6.3.2
Correlations/Pattern Analysis
63.2.1 Correlations
There has been no action on this item during the reporting period.
63.2.2 Beacon Conditions
PRL has been subcontracted to conduct a test of the sender/no sender condition in Ganzfeld experi-
ments. A protocol is currently being prepared for review by the SOC, and the laboratory is nearing
completion for the experiment. Computer equipment is in place and computer programs, which are to
be used in the experiment, were demonstrated to a visiting SAIC employee in September 1991.
6.3.3
Training
633.1 Empirical Training Analysis
An in-depth analysis of one in-use training procedure has been initiated by Professor Daiyl Bern, of the
psychology department of Cornell University. Analysis has not yet been completed.
633.2 Potential New Methods
There has been no action on this item during the reporting period.
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6.3.4 Applications
63.4.1 New Approaches
We were asked to use AC search techniques to locate a missing student pilot. While two receivers sug-
gested similar locations, the pilot was eventually found in a different location than suggested by our
receivers.
63.4.2 Communications
We have developed a technical protocol, which is currently under review by the SOC, that applies stan-
dard Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes to AC analysis.6 The BCH code that was selected
includes two message bits and three check bits and will correct for all single errors and some double
errors.
Thble 3 shows AC-target attributes whose presence corresponds to a binary one and whose absence cor-
responds to a binary zero. We have constructed ten target packs of four targets, each according to the
following binary words: 00000, 0110, 10101, 11011. For example, a target in pack eight that corresponds
to 11011 would only include people, natural setting with vegetation, and buildings. A jungle village
scene would be an example of an appropriate photograph.
Thble 3.
Attributes for Ten Target Packs
Pack
Bit Position
i
i
Repeat
Motif
Action
Mountains/Cliffs
Vehicle
Manmade
Structure
Towers
Vehicles
Mountains/Cliffs
Water
Buildings
Vehicle
Arch/Dome
Stepped
Buildings
Vegetation
Building
Circle
Rectangle
Wangles
Repeat Motif
Square/
Rectangle
Mountains/
Cliffs
Action
Natural
Arch/Dome
Mountain/
Hill
Water
Action
Building
Natural
Action
Water
Industrial
Vehicle
people
People
Natural
Vehicle
Vegetation
Buildings
Water
Mountains/
Hills
Buildings
Rural
Road/Bridge
People
Industrial
Mountains/Hills
Tbwer
Vehicle
For each trial, the protocol calls for one randomly selected target to be available for one week. During
that time, six receivers will individually record their impressions of the intended target and send their
responses by facsimile to the principal investigator.
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The analysis will proceed in three steps:
(1) An SAIC employee, not otherwise associated with the experiment, will conduct a rank order analy-
sis against the remaining targets in the selected pack.
(2) From the response, the SAIC analyst will answer an appropriate set of yes/no questions that are
keyed to the target pack.
(3) The receivers will also be asked to answer an appropriate set of yes/no questions that are keyed to
the target pack.
The rank order technique will be used to assess the magnitude of the AC in the study, and the binary
answers will be use to assess the enhancement resulting from the BCH code.
6.3.4.3 Enhancement
There has been no action on this item during the reporting period.
63.4.4 Analysis
There has been no action on this item during the reporting period.
6.4 Research Methodology
6.4.1
Scientific Oversight Committee
The Scientific Oversight Committee (SOC) consists of five members drawn from academia. The mem-
bership includes a physicist, an astronomer, a psychologist, a statistician, and a neuroscientist.
All of
the protocols shown in the References Section are either under review or have been approved by the
SOC. We anticipate that the first meeting of the SOC will be during the second week of July 1992.
6.4.2
Institutional Review Board
The Institutional Review Board (IRB) consists of seven members.
They include a biostatistician, a
Buddhist priest, a neuropsychiatrist, an ear-nose-and-throat medical doctor, a neuroscientist, a lawyer,
and a retired military medical officer. The human-use portions of all of the protocols shown in the Ref-
erences Section have been approved by the IRB.
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IV GLOSSARY
Not all the terms defined below are germane to this report, but they are included here for completeness.
In a typical anomalous mental phenomena (AMP) task, we define:
• Anomalous Cognition
A form of information transfer in which all known sensorial stimuli are ab-
sent. That is, some individuals are able to gain access, by as yet an unknown process, to information
that is not available to the known sensorial channels.
• Receiver—An individual who attempts to perceive and report information about a target.
• Agent—An individual who attempts to influence a target system.
• Target—An item that is the focus of an AMP task (e.g., person, place, thing, event).
• 3frrget Designation—A method by which a specific target, against the backdrop of all other possible
targets, is identified to the receiver (e.g., geographical coordinates).
• Sender/Beacon—An individual who, while receiving direct sensorial stimuli from an intended target
acts as a putative transmitter to the receiver.
• Monitor—An individual who monitors an AC session to facilitate data collection.
• Session—A time period during which AC data are collected.
• Protocol—A template for conducting a structured data collection session.
• Response—Material that is produced during an AC session in response to the intended target.
• Feedback—After a response has been secured, information about the intended target is displayed to
the receiver.
• Analyst—An individual who provides a quantitative measure of AC.
• Speciality—A given receiver’s ability to be particularly successful with a given class of targets (e g
people as opposed to buildings).
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