Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R002200600001-1 B. Viewer Dependencies Viewers 002, 009, and 372 have produced consistent remote viewing results for many years—since 1972 for viewers 002 and 009, and since 1979 for viewer 372. Viewer 389 is a recent addition, and has produced examples of excellent remote viewing in the only experiment in which he has participated; however, he has produced significant results in another laboratory. Whereas viewer 002 produced the largest z-score (Zs = 2.653), viewer 009 produced the smallest (Zs = -0.524). The combined effect size for the experienced viewers is 0.621, and is 0.559 for the inexperienced viewers. The difference is not significant. There are two considerations that prevent drawing conclusions about the viewer dependence of the data. The number of independent samples is small, but the most compelling argument against drawing conclusions is that placement of the sensor array is a seriously confounding factor. As stated in Section II, we positioned the array in a location that maximized the response to a DS. This may not be the appropriate positioning for everyone. Indeed, it might not be optimal for anyone. To determine if there were any “obvious” spatial dependencies that might indicate a more optimal array placement, we computed a complete set (all sensors) of Monte Carlo distributions for one session for viewer 002. Figure 19 shows the single-tailed p-values for the RMS phases for the RS and PS. They are displayed in the standard sensor-array configuration. The pattern for the RS suggests that a more optimal positioning of the array would be in the sensor 2-7 direction as indicated by an arrow in Figure 19. Remote Stimuli Pseudo Stimuli 2 3 2 3 0.002 0.126 0.848 0.710 7 1 4 7 1 4 0.036 0.128 0.184 0.924 0.854 0.668 6 5 6 5 0.572 0.238 0.684 0.700 Figure 19. Phase p-values for Viewer 002: 8/25/88 Cc. Pseudo Stimuli It was initially thought that the PS would act as a within-run control. The results indicate, however, that there was, on the average, a larger response to the PS than to the RS. While the difference was not significant, it is important to note that both of the responses are considered statistically robust (effect sizes of 0.599 and 0.924 for the RS and PS, respectively). A number of 26 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R002200600001-1
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R002200600001-1 viewers’ responses appear to produce phases on opposite sides of the Monte Carlo distributions (e.g., viewers 002 and 007), but there is no overall correlation between the RS and PS p-values. A brief description of the hardware and software that is responsible for stimulus generation may help in understanding this outcome. The stimuli and their timing are imitated by an HP computer, but are controlled by an IBM PC. Each stimulus type has its own frame buffer within the PC. Our RS consists of a pattern of 1s and 0s that represent a sinusoidal grating in the center of an otherwise blank field. The PS pattern, a blank field that consists of all 0s, resides in a separate buffer. An interface board between the PC and a standard video monitor has its own internal frame buffer, which is automatically and continuously scanned at 30 Hz to provide a standard NTSC interleaved video signal. See Figure 20. Main HP Monitor Stimulus RS . NTSC 30 Hz Type RS/PS | Frame | Interleaved B Stimulus Initiation uffer_) Output ___—— Frame PS Frame Buffer ne Buffer Figure 20 . Sequence of Events for Stimuli Generation When the HP computer signals the PC to provide the appropriate stimulus, the following sequence of events are followed (see Figure 20): (1) Phase locked to 60 Hz, the interface frame buffer is loaded with a copy of the appropriate stimulus frame buffer (either RS or PS). (2) The interface board automatically sends this pattern interleaved at 30-Hz. (3) After a preset time, approximately 100-ms in our experiment, the PC resets the interface frame buffer to zero (blank screen), and waits until another stimulus signal is received. 27 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R002200600001-1