Approved For Release 2003/01/09
: CIA-RDP96-00789R002200480001-5
SRI recommends
that
investigations
into
training be
continued.
In
the
meantime, good viewers are more easily found than trained.
5.
Role of Feedback
Feedback
is defined as providing the viewer with information about the intended
target after a remote viewing experiment.
Very few experiments were devised to test the role of
feedback in determining remote viewing quality.
In the early phases of the project, the primary
objective was to provide as good a result as possible, and since feedback appeared not to hinder
remote viewing, most of the early sessions always included
it in one form or another.
The strongest evidence about the
role
of feedback
is provided by
the FY
1987
tachistoscope
experiment.
In
that
study,
subliminal
or
minimal
visual
feedback
was
provided
to the viewers.
Two of the four viewers produced independent evidence
for remote
viewing ability
(n = 40;
z =
2.30, p < 0.012, d = 0.363, and
z = 4.43, p < 4.78 X
10“ 6
,
d - 0.700, respectively).
Neither of these viewers showed any dependency upon the intensity of
the
visual feedback,
including zero intensity
(i.e., no feedback
at
all).
The
question
of the
role
of feedback was examined
for group G7.
We
examined feedback time
(i.e., the time duration after a session before feedback was provided),
and feedback type (e.g M
site,
false site, verbal, visual). We found that there were substantial and
significant differences among the various feedback times and among the various feedback types.
To
interpret
these
differences
with
regard
to
feedback
is
difficult.
For
example, the significant difference between a 1-hour delay compared to a 5-minute delay may
result from the
fact that most of the 5-minute delay feedback intervals occurred
in experiments
in which photographs were used as targets.
Since the longer delay occurred
in experiments that
used beacons and natural sites as targets, one interpretation
is that the observed differences are
attributable to target type rather than feedback interval.
A
similar problem
arises
in the feedback type category.
One
clear
result,
however, does emerge.
The effect sizes for feedback of natural sites
(
d
= 0.734)
is significantly
larger than for feedback of the incorrect natural site
(
d
= -0.137. X 2 = 4.55, v =
1; p < 0.042).
Giving false feedback appears to
inhibit remote
viewing.
A recent study indicates that feedback
in remote viewing experiments
is not
essential. 7
This
result
is
in
qualitative
agreement
with
the
findings
from
our
tachistoscope
experiment.
In forced-choice experiments, however, Honorton found that the role of feedback
in the precognition experiments was
critical. 8
Approved For Release 2003/01/09
: CIA-RDP96-00789R002200480001-5
Approved For Release 2003/01/09
: CIA-RDP96-00789R002200480001-5
While
the
psychologically important. We
possible.
quantitative
results are mixed,
viewers indicate that feedback
is
conclude, therefore, that feedback should be provided whenever
Di
Effect of Distance
We
examined
lh'
effec '
distance
on
the
quality
of remote
viewing
.stances were draded into (our ranges: <
1 km. < 50 km, < 5000 km, and > 5000 km.
For the
8roup Cl. there was no effect of distance on the quality of remote viewing (X* =
. 56 , „ = J;
P S
0 167:
It
is
possible
t0 be
deri„i Iive about
lhis particular resuk since
a]| co„founding
variables tend
to increase the chi-square rather than decrease
it.
7.
Effect of Size of Target
°nIy °"e e:XpCnmem has bce " conducted that directly addresses this issue.
Photographs were reduced to a spot sure of approximately
1 mm in diameter.
One viewer from
group G1 produced significant results
(n = 6, j = 2.10, p <: 0.018, d = 0.857). We are able to
conclude
tha.
targets
1 mm
in diameter do no,
inhibit remote
viewing quality.
No
data
are
available on targets of varying
sizes.
8.
Physiological Correlates
to Remote Viewing
In
the
field
in
general,
the
search
for
physiological
correlates has not been
successful.
Early
results indrcated tha, an i„di,idual should be moderately relaxed and as free
from phys.olog.cal siress as possible (e.g.. headaches, baihroom demands).
These results are no,
surprising in .ha.
it
is
likely that such
a
"physiological-
state would be optimal
for any human
activity.
SRI has examined neurophysiological
correlates to remote
viewing
in two
separate experiments.
Specifically, the central nervous system appears
respond to a remote
ighl Pash, and thus provides a correlate io remote viewing.
For the two exper.ments,
a total of
four Viewers
(ail from group Cl) produced independent significant changes
in c-production
in
correlation with remote
light
stimuli. 9
’ 10
SRI recommends
that
the
effort
to
isolate
particular
parts
of
ihe
central
nervous system that respond io remote stimuli be continued.
The potential for screening and
training are
significant.
Approved For Release 2003/01/09
: CIA-RDP96-00789R002200480001-5