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GRILL
FLAME
PROJECT
REPORT
Defense
Intelligence Agency
Directorate
for Scientific
and Technical
Intelligence
19 OCTOBER
1983
CLASSIFIED
BY:
DIA/DT-5A
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INTELLIGENCE
SOURCES AND METHODS
INVOLVED
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PREFACE
(5) This
report
summarizes
results
of
the
three-year
GRILL
FLAME
project,
which
terminated
at
the
close
of
FY
1983.
It
contains
key
findings
from
the
various
project
activities,
and
identifies
potential
follow-on
efforts.
The
types
of
investigations,
methods
used
for
their
evaluation,
and
other
aspects
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
also
are
reviewed.
Additional
project
information
is
summarized
in
the
appendices,
and
detailed
project
reports
are
listed
in
the bibliography.
(S)
In
addition
to
this
DIA
evaluation,
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
also
has
been
reviewed
by
an
independent
Scientific
Evaluation
Team
that
met
in
August
and
September
of
1983.
The
scientific
evaluation
and
recommendations
will
be
forwarded separately.
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SECRET
PREFACE
Page; No.
I
BACKGROUND.
.1
II
FINDINGS
.
1.
SUMMARY
2.
DISCUSSION...
a.
GENERAL
b.
RV ENHANCEMENT/TRAINING
C.
INTELLIGENCE POTENTIAL
SGI A
d.
OTHER PROJECT RESULTS..
IV
RECOMMENDATIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
I
REMOTE VIEWING SESSION DETAILS
..1-1
APPENDIX
II
STATISTICAL METHODS...
II~1
APPENDIX
III
FUNDING LEVELS
III-l
APPENDIX
IV
EXAMPLES OF REMOTE VIEWING DATA
IV~1
i i
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SECRET
I BACKGROUND
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
Project
GRILL
FLAME was
a
joint
DIA and Army effort,
with DIA
providing
overall
project
management
and
coordination.
The
project's
main
goals
were
to
evaluate
the
threat
that
foreign
psychoenergetics
achievements
might
pose
to
US
national
security,
and
to
explore
the
potential
of
psychoenergetics for
use
in
US intelligence collection.
(S/NOFORN)
Psychoenergetics
refers
to
classes
of
human
capabilities
that
are
parapsychological
in
nature.
There
are
two main
categories,
informational
and
energetic,
that
can
be defined
as:
1.
Remote viewing
(RV)/Extrasensory Perception
(ESP) — ability of
an
individual
to access
and describe remote geographic
areas or
to access
and describe concealed data via undefined transmission
mechanisms.
2.
Psychokinesis
(PK) — mental
ability to
influence physical
or
biological
systems
via undefined physical mechanisms.
(5/NOFORN/ORCON) The
primary
focus
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
effort
was
on
remote
viewing
phenomena.
However,
psychokinesis
research
in
the
USSR,
China
and
other
foreign
countries
was
examined
to
see
if
the
occurrence
of
remote
viewing
could
be
detected
by
scientific
instrumentation.
This
has
implications for possible countermeasures
to foreign
use of remote viewing.
(S/NOFORN)
To
assist
in
achieving
GRILL
FLAME
goals,
SRI
International
was
selected
as
a
contractor
due
to
its
extensive
experience
in
investigating
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remote
viewing
phenomenon.
In
a
three-year
program,
SRI
assisted
DIA
in
evaluating
the
potential
threat
of
foreign
achievements
in
psychoenergetics,
and
in
determining
if
remote
viewing
could
be
developed
sufficiently
for
In-
house
• DoD
use.
Inherent
in
this
effort
were
the
reality,
repeatability,
and
trainability
of
remote
viewing
phenomena.
Issues
related
to
scientific
understanding
of
the
phenomena,
or
to
phenomena
transmission
mechanisms,
were
not
addressed,
since this
was beyond project scope
and available resources.
(S/NOFORN)
The
SRI
investigations
were
designed
to
follow
strict
protocols.
Scientific
evaluation
methods
were
developed
to
assess
project
results.
To
verify
adherence
to
agreed-upon
methods
and
protocols,
DIA
placed
a
project
monitor on-site for the duration of the GRILL FLAME effort.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON)
Funding
for
the
SRI
contract
was
provided
jointly
by DIA
and
the
Army
Intelligence
Security
Command
with
a
small
portion
also
provided
by
the
Defense
Advanced
Research
Projects
Agency.
During
the
past
three
years,
the
average
funding
has
been
$492K
per year.
The
staff
at
SRI
on this project
consisted
of
only
two
senior
scientists,
a
research
analyst,
a
consultant
and
several
support
personnel.
While
the
funds
have
been
low
and
their
arrival
dates
sporadic,
many valuable findings
and useful
data have been produced.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON/WNINTEL)
The
Army portion
of
GRILL FLAME
also
included
a
small
in-house
group,
located
at
1NSC0M
headquarters,
that
focused
exclusively
on
operational
matters,
and
that
supported
remote
viewing
training
methods
developed
at
SRI.
The
Army
portion
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
was
curtailed
in
1982
as
a result
of Congressional
authorization
action.
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II FINDINGS
1.
SUMMARY
(U)
(S/NOFORN)
Key findings
of the GRILL FLAME project
are:
o
Remote viewing
is
a real
phenomenon,
and
is not degraded
by distance or
shielding.
o
Remote viewing ability can
be improved by appropriate
training procedures.
o
Remote viewing has potential for US intelligence appli-
cations.
However,
at this
stage of development,
descriptive
content
(e.g.
,
sketches,
configurations)
is more reliable
than analytic content
(e.g.
,
function,
complex technical
data)
.
o
A potential
threat
to
US national
security exists from
foreign
achievements
in psychoenergetics.
In the USSR
and
in
China,
this research
is well
funded
and
receives
high-level
government backing.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON)
Achievements
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project
include
development
of
remote
viewing
training methods,
the
development
of
statistical
methods
for
evaluating
remote
viewing
data,
and
the
compilation
of
an
extensive
data base
on
foreign
psychoenergetics
research.
Methods
for
improving
the
rel iabi 1 ity
of
remote
viewing
data,
through
detailed
understanding
of
the
remote
viewing
process,
and
through
identification
of
techniques
for
isolating
valid
from
spurious
data
also
were
achieved.
Training
techniques
that
show
promise
for
enhancing
the
reliability
of
the
analytical
content
of
remote
viewing
data
also were
identified.
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2,
Discussion
(U)
a.
General
(U)
(S/NOFORN)
At
the
beginning
of
the
three-year
program,
a
considerable
data
base
on remote viewing
(RV)
had already been established.
This
included open-
literature
publ ication
of
earlier
work
by
the
contractor
(SRI)l
and
replication
studies
by
others, 2
as
well
as
numerous
classified
reports
on
remote
viewing3,
4,
5.
(S/NOFORN)
In
designing
the
three-year
program,
it
was
recognized
that
effective
use
of
RV technology
as
a routine
intelligence collection
tool
would
require
that
a
number
of
elements
be
in
place.
They
ranged
from
the
establishment
of personnel
screening
and selection procedures
to the
H.
Puthoff
and
R.
Targ,
"A
Perceptual
Channel
for
Information Transfer
over
Kilometer
Distances:
Historical
Perspective
and
Recent
Research,
Proc.
IEEE,
Vol
64,
No.
3,
March
1976.
See,
e.g.
,
report
by
the Princeton University Engineering Anomalies
Research
Group
under
the
leadership
of
the
Dean
of
the
School
of
Engineering
and
Applied
Science,
R.
Jahn,
"The
Persistent
Paradox
of
Psychic
Phenomena:
An
Engineering Perspective,
"Proc.
IEEE,
Vol.
70,
No.
2,
February
1982.
"Perceptual
Augmentation
Techniques"
(U),
Final
Report
to
CIA,
SRI
Project
3183,
Stanford Research
Institute, Menlo Park,
CA
(December
,
1975)
,
SECRET
"Advanced
Threat
Technique
Assessment"
(U).
Final
Report
to
FTD,
SRI
Project
5309,
SRI
International, Menlo Park,
CA
(October
1978),
SECRET/NOFORN
"Special
Orientation
Techniques"
(U),
Final
Report
to
Army
INSCOM,
SRI
Project 8465,
SRI
International, Menlo Park,
CA
(June
1980),
SECRET/NOFORN
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development of countermeasures technology to prevent effective use of RV
against US interests.
Therefore,
at the outset,
eight action-item areas were
established,
which were:
(1)
REMOTE VIEWING ENHANCEMENT,
INCLUDING:
(a)
Alternative targeting
strategies, such
as targeting by
coordinates
(CRV),
pictures,
ID numbers,
etc.
(b)
Before-the-fact
indicators of success,
such
as the use of
physiological measures
(e.g.,
audio analysis
of
session tapes),
calibration trials,
etc.
(2)
LOCATION/TRACKING
"SEARCH"
PROBLEM
(3)
TRAINING
{4)
ROUTINE OPERATIONAL
RV PROCEDURES
(5)
EVALUATION TECHNIQUES
(6)
DATA BASE MANAGEMENT,
INTEGRATION,
AND DISSEMINATION
(7)
INTELLIGENCE
DATA BASE
STUDIES CONCERNING FOREIGN USE
(8)
COUNTERMEASURES,
INCLUDING.
(a)
Passive
intrusion detection
(b)
Shielding,
jamming,
and remote perturbation
(RP)
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(U)
Program tasking
and priorties were
then
developed for
each
of the areas of
interest.
b.
RV Enhancement/Tralninq
(U)
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
The
primary
focus
In
the
three-year
program
was
the
development
of
RV
enhancement/training
procedures.
The
purpose
was
to
determine
whether
RV
reliability could
be
enhanced,
and
whether
RV
technology
could
be
transferred
in
a
structured
fashion
from
one
Individual
to
another.
Positive
findings
in
either
area
would
have
great
significance with
regard
to
both
potential
foreign
threat
and
to
US
application.
At
the
begining
of
the
three-year
program
a
decision
was
made
to
develop
and
codify
the
most
promising
RV training
procedures
that
had
emerged from earlier
work.
Some
of
the
initial
training
phases
were
already
In
hand;
later
stages
were
subsequently
developed
as
the
program
progressed.
The
procedures
focus
on
improving
the
reliability
of
remote
viewing
by controlling
those
factors
that
tend
to
introduce errors
into
the
RV
product.
The
RV
training
procedures
are
designed
to
proceed
through
six
stages
of
proficiency,
corresponding
to
six
stages
of
increased contact with
the target
site.
The method
used
for
target
designation
in
this
training
program
was
the
coordinate method
(see
appenxdix
I).
(S/NOFORN)
As
a
measure
of
progress
made
with
the
implementation
of
the
six-
stage
training
procedures,
data
were
obtained
from
the
key
SRI
remote
viewer
before
and after exposure
to
the
training
program.
The viewer was targeted on
a
series
of
randomly
selected
worldwide
test
locations.
These
tests
were
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carried
out
under
strict
protocols
and
double-blind
conditions
(neither
monitor nor viewer
know
the
target
site)
to
prevent
Inadvertent
disclosure
of
target
information.
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
The
accuracy of
the
descriptions was
assessed
on
the
basis of
the
accuracy
rating
scale
shown
In
Table
1.
Results
indicate
that
viewer
performance
improved
through
training.
Prior
to
training,
only
22 percent
of
the
viewer
responses
from
100
tests
were
in
the
good
to
excellent
category.
After
training,
percent
of
the
data
from
tests
were
rated
as
good
to
excellent.
A
statistical
analysis
of
the
first four
and
the
last
four
tests
from
the
after-training
series
was
also
performed
to
see
if
data
quality
at
the
end
of
this
series
was
better
than
data
quality
at
the
begining.
Using
the
concept
analysis
technique
discused
in
the
appendix
II,
the
correct
site
was
identified
in
three
of
these
last
four
tests.
A
similar
approach
yielded
one correct match
(chance
level )
for
the first
four
tests.
This result,
along
with
the
over
all
percent
accuracy
level ,
Indicates
that
the
training
procedures
were
effective
and
that
data
quality
improvements
were
achieved
over time.
(S/NF/ORCON)
To
date,
eleven
individuals
have
been
exposed
to
the
training
program,
including three representatives
sent from the
Intelligence
Community.
Eight
of
these
people
had
no
previous
RV
experience.
All
progressed
satisfactorily through
initial
stages
of the training program.
(S/NOFORN)
Results
of
the RV research
leads
to certain
conclusions
with regard
to RV characteristics
In general
.
These are
listed
in Table
II
.
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Table
I
RV DATA ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
ACCURACY
RATING SCALE
DEGREE
OF RV DATA CORRELAT ION TO TARGET
LITTLE
OR
NO CORRESPONDENCE
- SELF-EXPLANATORY.
" A MISS."
SOME CORRESPONDENCE
-
MIXTURE OF CORRECT
AND INCORRECT DATA.
ENOUGH TO INDICATE
POSSIBLE
"ACCESS" TO THE SITE, ALTHOUGH
CHANCE CANNOT BE RULED OUT.
"AMBIGUOUS."
GOOD CORRESPONDENCE
- GOOD DESCRIPTION WITH
SEVERAL ELEMENTS MATCHING,
BUT SOME
INCORRECT INFORMATION.
“A HIT."
EXCELLENT CORRESPONDENCE
- EXCELLENT
DESCRIPTION.
UNAMBIGUOUS MATCHABLE ELEMENTS,
WITH RELATIVELY LITTLE INCORRECT
INFORMATION.
"EXCELLENT HIT."
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i
TABLE
II
REMOTE VIEWING CHARACTERISTICS
o
DESCRIPTIVE MATERIAL ABOUT REMOTE LOCATIONS THAT EXCEEDS CHANCE
CORRELATION CAN
BE OBTAINED.
o
THE QUALITY OF DESCRIPTION APPEARS TO BE RELATIVELY INSENSITIVE TO
DISTANCE.
o
NONANALTICAL
DATA
(SHAPE,
FORM,
CONFIGURATION,
PATTERNS)
ARE GENERALLY OF
HIGHER QUALITY THAN ANALYTICAL DATA
(NAME, FUNCTION,
LABELING).
o
DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE PATTERNS OF CORRECT/INCORRECT RESPONSE ELEMENTS
INDICATES THAT THE LAWS GOVERNING REMOTE VIEWING ARE NOT ASKEW TO,
BUT
CORRELATE WITH THOSE LAWS GOVERNING
-
CEREBRAL
(BRAIN)
FUNCTIONING,
SPECIALIZATION, AND
COGNITIVE PROCESSING
IN GENERAL,
-
SUBLIMINAL PERCEPTION
IN PARTICULAR.
o
ALTHOUGH THE MECHANISM OF TRANSMISSION
IS AS YET UNDETERMINED,
THE OBSERVED RESULTS ARE
NOT NECESSARILY
INCOMPATIBLE WITH
ELECTROMAGNETIC
OR QUANTUM MODELS.
SECRET
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c.
I ntelligence Potential
(U)
(S/N0FORN/ORCON/WN)
Remote
viewing
for
the
intelligence community was
begun
in
1972 when
SRI
was
contracted
by CIA.
A
number
of
sites
were
viewed
from
this
time
to
1980
and
the
data were highly variable.
That
is,
some
good
data were
mixed with much
extraneous
or
inaccurate
information.
In September
of
1980,
a
joint
DIA-Army
project
was
initiated
to
improve
the
quality
of
the
remote
viewing
data
and
to
assist
in
the
preparation
of
threat
assessments.
This
project,
GRILL
FLAME,
examined
several
methods
for
improving
RV
data
quality.
For
instance,
patterns
in
verbal
data
were
examined
to
see
if
accuracy
correlations
could
be
found
and
several
methods
of
site
targeting
were
investigated.
The major
exphasis
of
the
GRILL
FLAME
project,
however,
was
to
develop
a
training
method
that
would
Increase
the
accuracy
of
the
remote
viewing data
and establish
that
it
is
a transferable
skill.
When
this
project
was
begun.
Army
INSCOM
had
already
established
an
In-house
unit
and
had
been
producing
data
on operational
sites
since
1979.
The
Army
INSCOM
viewers
have
detected
the
remote
site
successfully
in
percent
of
their
projects
(89
sites).
The Army sent two people
to
SRI
in
1982
to be trained
in
the
system
of
remote
viewing
being
developed
there.
One was removed from the program due to
illness.
The
remaining
viewer
received
additional
training
in
FY
1983
with
non-NFIP
funds.
He
is
now only several
weeks away from being prepared
to view
operational
sites.
The
Army
plans
to
send
two
new trainees
to
SRI
during
FY
84 under non-NFIP funding.
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(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N) To
determine
whether
progress
in
RV
training
carried
over
to
operational
tasking,
the
most
advanced
viewer
at
SRI
was
at
various
times
targeted
on
sites
of
operational
significance
throughout
the
program
to
find
out
if
he
could
collect
information
of
intelligence
value.
This
viewer
was
given
operational
targets.
Using
the
accuracy
rating
scale
defined
in
Table
I,
intelligence
analysts
assigned
ratings
of
good
to
excellent
to
approximately
percent
of^the
RV
responses.
The
effect
of
the
RV
training
procedures
can
be
seen
In
the
data
from
this
series.
The
accuracy
rating
average
for
the
last
five
targets
was
2.2
on
the
three-point
scale; ;the
average from the first five
(before training)
was
1.4.
(S/NOFORN)
A statistical
analysis
of
the
last
five operational
tests from this
series
also
was
performed.
A
person
who
did
not
know
which
set
of
RV
data
corresponded
to
the
correct
target
was
able
to
correctly match
the
data
with
the
appropriate
target
site
for
all
of
tnese
five
tests.
The
probability
of
this
result
occurring
by
chance
is
less
than
one
in
a
hundred.
This
statistical
result
provides
additional
support
for
the
validity
of
RV
under
operational
conditions.
(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N)
Other
less
experienced
SRI
viewers
also
were
also
given
targets
of
operational
significance
during
this
program.
However ,
these
viewers were
not
as
advanced
as
the
prime
SRI
viewer,
and the RV sessions were
carried
out
under
exploratory
conditions
(different
targeting
techniques,
greater
target
variety).
Consequently,
results
of
these
sessions
were
not
as
successful,
although
they
did
provide
insight
useful
for
understanding
operational
problems
in general.
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In
terms
of over-all
success,
the
advanced
SRI
viewer
and
the
experienced
INSCOM
viewers
achieved
different
success
levels
on
operational
tasks.
These
differences,
though
not
large,
probably
resulted
from
a
basic
variation
in
approach
between
SRI
and
INSCOM.
The
SRI
efforts
were
primarily
exploratory
and
developmental,
with
emphasis
on
understanding
the
RV
process,
on
improving
analytical
content
of
RV
data,
and
on
developing
RV
training
procedures.
The
experienced
INSCOM
viewers
were
mainly
concerned
with
operational
problems,
especially where
intelligence
data
or
intelligence
inferences could be obtained from configuration aspects of RV data.
(S/NOFQRN/ORCON/WN)
Other
variables
that
Influence
RV data content
include
the
nature
of
the
RV
session
(e.g.
,
targeting
method
used,
session
timing),
type
of
data
desired,
degree
of
viewer
motivation,
significance
of
the
operational
task,
and
background
of
the
individual
viewer.
Sometimes
operational
tasks
cannot
be
evaluated
fully
since
knowledge
of
operational
target
data
may
be
limited
or
even
unavailable.
Overall
results
between
the
SRI
viewer
and
the
INSCOM
viewers
were
consistent
(40
percent
and
percent
accuracy
levels).
These
results
clearly
indicate
that
the
RV
phenomenon
has
intelligence
application
potential,
especially where configurational
aspects
of
RV
data
can
be
of
value.
However,
improvement
in
RV
data
reliability
for
both
configurational
and
analytical
content
is
still
required before
application
of
RV
data
to
intelligence
tasks
can
become
routine.
Training
proceedures
that
were
developed
by
SRI
in
FY
1983
show
promise
for
increasing
RV
data
reliability.
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(S/N0F0RN/0RC0N) Keeping
these
factors
in
mind,
one
nonetheless
finds
that
data
generated by remote viewers
are
often
of
high
quality
and,
provided
they
are
appropriately
integrated
into
the
Intelligence
data
mix,
can
be
of
significant
utility.
Examples
of
successful
remote
viewings
are
given
in
appendix
IV.
d,
Other Project Results
(U)
(S/NOFORN/ORCON)
Following
is
a
summary
of
other
results
obtained
during
the
GRILL FLAME project:
o
Evaluation Tech n iques
A
concept
evaluation
technique
was
developed
for
assessing
the
accuracy
of
RV
data.
Details
are given
in Appendix
II.
o
Data Base Management
(DBM)
A
data
base
management
system
was
developed
to
store
and
sort
remote
viewing data
and
intelligence data.
o
Countermeasures
Literature
searches
regarding
the
underlying 'psychological
foundation
and
physical
mechanisms
of
remote
viewing
were
performed.
However,
a
sufficient
data
base
for
identifying
these
Important
issues
was
not
available
from
the
current
research.
A
scientific
understanding
of
RV
phenomena
should
help
enhance
the
potential
for
US
applications,
and
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should provide the necessary data for countermeasures design.
Local i on/Track inq/Search :
Although
some preliminary remote
viewing
studies
and
operational
tasks
have
shown
1 imited
success with
locating missing objects
or
people,
this
area
is
weak
in comparison
to remote viewing
of fixed
locations.
Since operational
requirements
often
exist
for
locating
missing
objects
or
people
an
R&D
effort
to develop this capability
into
a reliable tool
should be pursued.
o
Remote Viewing Data Enhancement
One
potential
method
of
isolating
valid
from
invalid
RV
data
was
examined
in
this
project.
This
method,
audiol irigustic
analysis,
evaluates
the
possiblity
of
correlating
valid
RV
data
with
speech
patterns
that
occur
during
an
RV
session.
Preliminary
results
suggest
that
such
an
approach
has potential.
o
RV Targeting methods
Methods
for
designating
the
RV
target
were
examined.
It
was
determined
that
several
methods
were
suitable,
including
targeting
on
people
and
various
forms
of
abstract
targeting
(e.g.
,
coordinates).
However,
individual
preferences
were
noted.
Most
viewers
performed
better
with
targeting techniques
they preferred.
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V. RECOMMENDATIONS
(S/NOFORN)
Based
on
key findings
of
the GRILL FLAME
project,
it
is recommended
that:
o
Applied
intelligence-oriented
research
in
remote
viewing
effort
be
continued.
o
Basic
research
in
both
remote
viewing
and
psychokinesis
phenomena
be
initiated.
( S/NOFORN/ORCON )
It
is
further
recommended
that
the
application-oriented
effort
be
centralized,
with
overall
management
provided
by
DIA,
and
that
a
close
Interaction
with
basic
research
be
maintained.
Should
the
quality
of
operational
remote, viewing continue
to
improve,
it
Is
recommended
that
a
joint
service
remote
viewing
unit
be
established
in
FY-B5
to
respond
to
DoD
requirements.
(S/NOFORN/ORCON/WN)
Army
INSCOM
has,
since
before GRILL
FLAME,
had
an
in-house
remote
viewing
staff
to
respond
to
operational
requirements.
It
is
recommended
that
this
unit
be
continued
in
its
present
status.
This
capability
permits
operational
testing
of
concepts
and
experimental
results
arrived
at
by
SRI .
It
also
serves
as
a
proving
ground
for
the
SRI-trained
remote viewers.
(S/NOFORN)
A follow-on research program should have the following objectives
1.
To
Improve
utility
of
remote
viewing
applications
when
both
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configurational
and analytical
data
are
important.
2 .
To
identify
and
evaluate
the
feasibility
of
remote
viewing
for
search
and
location tasks.
3.
To examine
a wide
variety
of psychokinetic
(PK)
effects
so
that
validity
of
the
phenomenon
can
be
evaluated
and
Its
potential
for
military applications.
4.
To
evaluate
(via
replication)
known
and
suspected
foreign
psychoenergetics
research
to determine
the
credibi'l ity
of
the
work
and
to
assess
the
potential
threat
of
its
applications
to
mi 1 itary
weapon
systems
and other US national
security
interests.
5.
To
examine
those
aspects
of
psychoenergetics
that
show
promise
for developing countermeasures.
6.
To
pursue
basic
research
for
phenomena
understanding.
It
is
likely
that
PK
effects
offer
the
best
chance
for
phenomena
understanding,
since
a
wide
variety
of
scientific
instrumentation
and sensors
can
be applied
to this problem.
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(5/NOFORN) Activities that can help achieve these objectives
include:
1.
Further
development
of
RV
training
methodologies
for
a
variety
of
applications,
to
Include those suitable for enhancing
analytical
content
of
the
data.
Methodologies
for
selection
and
identification
of
people
who
have
psychoenergetics
talent
and
for
skill
development,
in
both
RV
and
PK
phenomenon,
would
also
be
developed.
2.
Development
of
suitable
experimental
and operational
data bases
to
permit
adequate
statistical
evaluations
so
that
RV
phenomena
repeatability,
and
application
reliability,
can
be
quantified
in
detail.
3.
Further
development
of
the
most
promising
evaluation
methodologies
identified
during
the
GRILL
FLAME
project,
and
expanded
to
Include
PK phenomena.
4.
Thorough
identification
of
all
aspects
of
investigation
protocols
and
safeguards
required
for
each
of
the
research
and
application projects that would
be pursued.
5.
Evaluation of the factors
and techniques
that
affect
psychoenergetics performance
and utility.
Methods
to minimize
effects
that decrease reliability and
to enhance effects that
improve reliability would
be
identified.
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APPENDIX
I
REMOTE VIEWING SESSION DETAILS
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APPENDIX
I
REMOTE VIEWING SESSION DETAILS
1 .
The Session
(U)
(U)
To
carry
out
a
remote
viewing
(RV)
session,
a
"remote
viewer"
and
an
"interviewer" begin by seating themselves
at
the opposite ends
of
a table
in
a
special
remote
viewing
room equipped with paper
and
pens,
a tape recorder,
and
an
overhead TV
camera
to
permit
recording
for
documentation,
or monitoring
by
individuals
outside
the
room.
The
room
is
homogeneously-colored,
acoustic-
tiled,
and
featureless,
with
light
controlled
by
a
dimmer,
so
that
environmental
distractions
can
be minimized.
(U)
The
session
is
begun
by
the
interviewer
providing
to
the
remote
viewer
whatever
targeting
information
is
appropriate
to
the
task
at
hand,
such
as
the
coordinates
of
a military
site,
or
a
picture
of
an
individual .
Under
normal
testing
or
operational
conditions,
the
interviewer
is
typically
kept
blind
as
to the
site to prevent
inadvertent
cueing.
The
session then proceeds with
the
interviewer
repeating
the
targeting
information
at
intervals
and
posing
questions.
The remote viewer
generates
verbal
responses
and
sketches,
until
a
coherent
response
to
the
overall
task
requirement
emerges.
The
use
of
the
quick
reaction-response
procedure
has
been
found
useful
in
minimizing
imaginative embellishment.
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(U)
Normal
methods
for
achieving
the
proper
mental
state
are
used,
session
time
at
a
single
setting
rarely
exceeds
an
hour,
and
the
ambience
of
the
session
is kept
as
natural
and
stress-free
as possible.
•
Remote Viewing Data
( U
)
(U)
The
steps
in
producing
a
product
from remote
viewing
(RV)
sessions
are
as
follows:
a.
The
a
"remote
viewer"
generates
raw
data
in
the
form
of
a
tape-
recorder
transcript
of
verbal
comments,
along
with
notes,
sketches
and
drawings.
On
occasion,
a
videorecording
of
the
session may also
be made.
b.
The
raw
data
is
summarized
in
one-
or
two-pages
and
affixed
to
the
typed
transcript
with
associated
notes,
sketches,
and
drawings
from
the
RV
session.
This
data
package
is
turned
over
to
the
consumer
for
analysis.
c.
Following
preliminary
analysis,
the
above
procedure
may
be
iterated
a
number
of
times
to
produce
additional
data
in
response
to
analyst
questions,
d.
Finally,
the
analyst
fills
out
an
evauation
sheet
covering
the
usefulness
of
the
RV
product
and
the
data
is
integrated
into
the
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overall
Intelligence
mix
in
whatever
way
is
appropriate.
Statistical
analysis
is
also
applied,
depending
on the nature
of
the
task
and on
the
availability of
a suitable data base.
3 .
Personnel
( U
)
(U)
Historically,
the
search
for
medical,
psychological,
and
personality
measures
that
might
provide
a
quantitative
"psychic
profile"
for
identifying
remote viewers
has been unsuccessful
.
(U)
Several
years
of
observation
by workers
in
the field
has,
however,
led to
an
informal
guide
based
on
subjective
evauation
of
the
personality
traits
of
successful
viewers.
This
rule-of-thumb
guide
is
based
on the observation that
successful
remote
viewers
tend
to
be
confident,
outgoing,
and
adventurous.
They
are
successful
individuals
with
some
artistic
bent
and
with
"middle-of-
the-road"
views
about
psychoenergetics.
Neither
“total
skeptics"
nor
"true
believers"
tend
to
do
well
on
psychoenergetic
tasks.
Successful
remote
viewers
come
from
the
ranks
of
photographers,
engineers,
mathematicians,
artists
and
businessmen
who
have
a
relaxed
interest
In
the phenomenon
and
who
are challenged by
it.
(U)
Recently,
SRI
researchers
cooperated
with
a
private
group
(Mobius
Group,
Los
Angeles,
CA)
to
conduct
a
mass
RV
screening
test,
with
psychological
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profiling,
through
a
major
magazine
publication. 1
The
data
base
of
several
thousand entries
should
assist
in
identifying valid profiling
information.
4.
The Target
(U)
(S/NOFORN) The
term
"target"
refers
to
a
geographic
location,
a
photo
of
that
location,
or
to some other
type
of
data which
the viewer
is
asked
to describe.
Target
descriptions
generated
by
viewers
are
usually
sketches
and
verbal
descriptions
of
geometric
features
that
they
perceive
to
be
present
at
the
target
location.
Viewers
sometime
provide
judgments
of
the
function
or
purpose
of
the
target
area.
These
targets
can
vary from
near-by
locations
to
very
long
distances from the
viewer.
(S/NOFORN)
To
help
evaluate
remote
viewing
phenomenon,
several
types
of
targets
are
used:
o
Practice
and
calibration
targets
-•
these
are
selected
at
random
from
a
large group
of
diverse
geographic
targets.
They are
used
to
acquaint
the
viewer
with
remote
viewing
and
for
training.
They
enable
preliminary
judgments
on data
accuracy.
1 S.
A.
Schwartz
and
R.
DeMattei,
"Psi-Q Test
II, “
OMNI ,
p.
136
(October
1982).
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o
Evaluation
targets
--
these
are
also
chosen
from
a
large
group
of
possibilities,
and
are
used
in
tightly
controlled
sessions
for
technical
assessment
purposes.
They
enable
judgments
on
accuracy
of
the
viewer's
data
and help
in assessing potential
of the phenomenon.
o
Operational
targets
-
these
are
actual
targets
of military
interest,
such
as
US
facilities
or
USSR
sites
from
which
data
are
available
or
can
eventually
be
obtained.
Targets
of
this
type
provide
a
basis
for
judgments
regarding
utility
of
remote
viewing
phenomenon
in
a
real
operational
environment.
.
Targeting Methods
( U
)
(S/NOFORN)
"Targeting"
refers
to
the
method
used,
during
the
remote
viewing
session,
for
specifying
or
designating
where
the
target
for
that
session
is
located.
Some
type
of
"targeting"
method
is
needed
to psychological ly
assist
the
viewer
in accessing
the desired
data.
(S/NOFORN)
Two basic
targeting methods
are
used:
Beacon
Person
Method
--
a
person
known
to
the
viewer
is
present
at
the
target
location
(or
is
looking
at
the
target
picture)
during
the
remote
viewing
period.
The
viewer
is
then
asked
to
describe
what
this
person
(beacon
person)
is
observing
at
that
time.
The
beacon
person
can
be
located
at
any distance from the viewer.
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Coordinate Method —
In
this
cae,
the desired target
is
designated simply
as
"the
location
at
coordinate
and
",
or
by
some
other
means.
The
viewer
is
them
asked
to
describe
what
is
present
at
"Target
X",
or
at
the
specified
coordinates.
In
this
case,
a
beacon
person
is
not
necessary,
and
long
distance
experiments
become
practical
for
any
remote
location.
The coordinate method was chosen
as
the basic
technique
for
the
RV
training
method
developed
at
SRI
during
the
GRILL
FLAME
project.
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APPENDIX
II
STATISTICAL METHODS
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APPENDIX
II
STATISTICAL METHODS
1.
Introduction
(LJ)
(U)
In
addressing
the
remote
viewing
(RV)
evaluation
question,
there
are
two
separate requirements:
o
Absolute evaluation
of
a single response for
a single unknown target.
o
Relative evaluation
of
set of responses for
a series
of known targets.
(U)
The
first
of
these
is
of
the
most
interest
in
an
operational
setting.
This
has
been
considered
in
two
ways.
First,
by
conducting
an
operational
RV
session
between
two
calibration
RV
sessions
where
the
target
is
known,
a
tentative
assessment
of
operational
efficacy
can
be
determined.
The
evaluation
is
made
on
the
basis
of
performance
during
the
calibration
sessions,
and
on
the basis
of
adherence
to
a predetermined session structure.
(U)
A
second
technique
for
an
a
prior
evaluation
was explored
as
part
of
the
Fiscal
Year
1982
program
in
an
audio! inguistic
task.
This
task
provided
indications
that
careful
linguistic
analysis,
when
coupled
with
technical
audio
an s lysis,
could
yield
an
assessment
of
probable
success
in
the
absence
of knowledge
about the target.
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(U)
Various
techniques
have
been
used
in
the
past
in
an
attempt
to
solve
the
relative
evauation
problem.
The
most
common
of
these
was
the
simple
rank
ordering
of
all
responses,
as
assessed
against
all
possible targets
used
in
an
experimental
series.
In
this
procedure,
a
judge
Is
presented
with
all
RV
transcripts
and
all
target
sites.
His
task
is
to
arrange
the
transcripts
in
order
of
the
best
to
least match
for
each
of the
targets.
A
simple
numerical
counting
procedure
is
then
used
to
estimate
the
likelihood
that
the
judge's
transcript
and
target
matches
are
by
chance
alone.
This
early
technique
contained
little
systematic
structure
for
determining
the
final
order
of
matches.
(S)
The
first
step
toward
systematizing
the
rank
order
judging
procedure
was
to
preprocess
the
raw
data
in
the
transcript
by
"conceptualizing"
both
the
verbal
and
the
pictorial
responses.
Conceptualizing
a
transcript
requires
an
analyst
to paraphase
the transcript
into
a
list
of
coherent
statements.
This
concept
list
is
then
compared
and
scored
concept-by-concept
to
each
of
the
targets.
The
resulting
scores
are
averaged
for
each
response,
and
all
responses
are rank-ordered
on
the basis
of these scores.
(U)
The
problem
with
the
above
technique
is
that
there
are
no
guidelines
as
to
how
the
analyst
should
paraphrase
the
transcript;
furthermore,
the
method
in
which
the
concepts
are
to
be
assessed
against
the
targets
remains
undefined.
The
purpose
of
the
evaluation
task
in
FY
1982
was
to
identify
a
procedure that corrects these def iciences.
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2.
Concept Analysis Procedure
(U)
(U)
In
this
analysis
procedure 1
,
there
are
four
separate
steps:
remote
viewer
response,
target/task
definition,
quality
assessment,
and
numerical
analysis.
(II)
The
remote
viewers
response
is
prepared
for analysis
by reducing
the data
to
a coherent
set
of
concepts.
A concept
is
defined
as
a
summary
of
a
single
idea
that
has
been
expressed
in
the
RV
verbal
or
drawing
response.
This
summary
is prepared by someone not familiar with the target.
(U)
To
utilize
an
analysis
procedure
that
is
capable
of
quantitative
assessment,
it
is
necessary
to
define,
in
advance,
what
the
goals
of
the
assessment
are.
"Element
of
target"
and
"relevance"
are
provided
to
clearly
define
the
goal
of
the
analysis.
In
the
ideal
situation,
an
RV
target
should
be
completely
specified
in
advance.
A
target
typically consists
of
a
number
of
target
elements,
each
of
which
may
have
varying
relevance
with
regard
to
the
overall
RV
task.
For
any
given
target,
an
independent
list
of
target
elements
should
be
prepared.
The
selection
of
what
constitutes
a
target
element
is
left
completely
to
the
discretion
of
the
task
coordinator.
The
target elements must be selected with
little regard to -task relevance
^See reference
l.b
in bibliography for details.
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(target
elements
relevance
Is
accounted
for
later).
Because
an
RV
target
consists,
in
principal,
of
an
essentially
infinite
number
of
possible
elements,
discretion
needs
to
be
exercised
in
the
selection
process
to
miminize analysis
time.
(U)
For
each
target
element
identified
for
the
site,
the
task
coordinator
must
define
a
relevance
rating.
This
rating
allows
the
coordinator
to
tailor
the
analysis
to
the
task
requirements.
Relevance
ratings
vary from
"trival"
(1)
to
“key"
(5).
(U)
The
quality
assessment
is
done
on
the
basis
of
how
well
the
single
concept
in
question
matches
the
selected
target
element.
The
judgement
is
made
without
regard
to
any
other
issues,
such
as
importance
of
the concept
to
the transcript,
and can range from poor
(1),
to excellent
(5),
(U)
An
intermediate
numerical
score
is
computed
for
each
concept
by
the
product
of
the relevance
and quality ratings.
(U)
To
determine
a
final
evaluation
of
the
complete
transcript
assessed
against
a
given
target,
a weighted
average
of
concept
scores
is
computed.
At
this
point
in
the
evaluation
protocol,
the
following
options
are
available,
depending
on the task
requirement:
o
A
rank
ordering
of
the
targets
on
the
basis
of
the
weighted
averages
of concept
scores.
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o
A simple selection
of the best match.
o
A statistical evaluation on
a concept-by-concept basis.
(S)
A
series
of
four
remote
viewings
that
were
performed
as
calibrations
during
operational
sessions
at
DIA
in
December
1981
are
used
to
Illustrate
this
technique.
In
this
series
the remote
viewing
products
were of relatively
high
quality,
but
nonetheless
required
a
sensitive
technique
to
differentiate
because
of
the
similarity
of
the
targets
and,
hence,
of
the
descriptions.
Application
of
this
assessment
technique
resulted
in
the
correct
blind
matching
(highest
scoring
in
matches
versus
cross
matches)
of
three
of
the
four
calibration
targets.
This
result
indicated
that
remote
viewing
was
effective
during
this
session,
and
that
the
RV
data
generated
would
contain
some valid
information
about
the operational
target of
interest.
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APPENDIX
III
FUNDING LEVELS
I.
TOTAL
FUNDS RECEIVED FOR THREE-YEAR PROGRAM
A.
FY
1981
-
$
418. 5K
B.
FY
1982
-
518
C.
FY
1983
-
539
$1475. 5K
II.
TOTAL FUNDS RECEIVED
BY SERVICE
A.
D1A
-
S962K
B.
ARMY
INSCOM
-
S313.5K
C.
DARPA
-
$200K
III.
TOTAL
BY TASK
(BUDGETED AMOUNT)
A.
RV Enhancement
(training)
$ 575K
B.
Intelligence Studies
287
C.
Data Base Management
168
D.
Countermeasures
E.
Administration
97.5
F.
Audio Analysis
G.
Targeting
H.
Search Methodology
I.
RV Ops
0 .
RV Evaluation
$1475. 5K
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APPENDIX
IV
EXAMPLES OF REMOTE VIEWING DATA
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EXAMPLES Of RV DATA FROM TRAINING SESSIONS
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&S.W?
K)
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(U)
RADIO
TELESCOPE
ARRAY;
SOCORRO,
NEW
MEXICO
T
EBB*
m
ZSSBt
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<U)
GLEN
CANYON
DAM.
UTAH
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(U)
ANTENNA
ARRAY;
LOST
HILLS,
CALIFORNIA
IUHttH! .Wva
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SAHARA
OILFIELDS
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EXAMPLES
OF
RV DATA FROM OPERATIONAL
SIMULATIONS
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SG1A
INFORMATION PROVIDED TO REMOTE
VIEWER:
Coordinates
of
the
site
(latitude
and
longitude
in
degrees,
minutes
and
seconds);
no other
information
given.
RESULTS:
Viewer
correctly described
site
as
an
airport
adjacent
to
a
large body
of
water,
and provided pasteup/drawing
shown
in following page.
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nents ASSOER NAT EER PT OD a ce SEL OE ARR AST BE LESSEE os $C PRO AE SPORE RIAL «TARR a 182 Sek PRT ET es iT a a SS Approved For Release 2000/08/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R001000410001-6 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED (U) REMOTE VIEWER‘'S PASTEUP/DRAWING O SG1A IV-10 Approved For Release 2000/ F/R] CABS SP TERY 10004 10001-6
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SG1A
SITE:
SG1A
SITE
DESCRIPTION:
Site
is
the
main
gathering
with
processing plants
and holding
tanks.
INFORMATION PROVIDED TO REMOTE VIEWER:
Coordinates
of
the
site
(latitude
and
longitude
in
degrees,
minutes
and
seconds);
no other
information given.
RESULTS:
Viewer
correctly
described
site
as
an
oilfield
with
blowoff
towers,
processing
equipment,
tanks,
and
provided
pasteup/drawings
shown
on
next
page.
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Examples of RV data from Operational Tasks
(via
INSCOM viewers)
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