Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA- 6-00789R003200200001 -4 C, Report Organization (U) = (U) In Section III we describe the SRI RV protocols, including results from the past, and our expectations for the present progran. " also discuss the screening procedures used to select viewers and the judging procedures used to evaluate the results of the investigations | carried out in the current program. - (U) In Section IV we describe the first phase of the study, in which we systematically carried out RV trials with the participants a obtain baseline data from each under similar experimental conditions, | In Section V we present the exploratory work carried out ir Phase Two in an effort to extend the repertoire of RV tools available = personnel. (U) Our conclusions and recommendations are presented in Sectic™ a Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 —
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 | DP96-00789R003200200001-4 III BACKGROUND (U) (U) With the overall objective of improving the reliability of psychoenergetic functioning, we have in the past investigated several different screening procedures, familiarization/training protocols, and judging techniques, both with the goal of developing procedures useful in identifying gifted remote viewers, and of providing the most optimal strategies to permit individuals to exploit the RV phenomenon to useful ends. In this section we provide background data on each of these areas, e * A. Screening (U) gS of the goals of the program was to ~_ question of the establishment of screening procedures to enlarge t population from which individuals are selected for RV work. (U) In the psychoenergetics field in general, two approaches to screening have been pursued; screening by profile, and screening by performance. Both have been examined to a limited degree in this program. (U) In screening by profile, ‘one attempts to establish physiological and/or psychological parameters which differentiate high-performance from low-performance individuals In an early program SRI carried out an extensive profiling program on gifted individuals and controls. The tests included a comprehensive medical evaluation, including X-ray scans | the brain, and comprehensive psychological and neuropsychological profiling. The following list of tests administered gives an idea as to the thorough- ness of the evaluations: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Bender Gestalt Visual Motor Test, Benton Visual Memory Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Luscher Color Test, Strong Vocational Interest Blank, Minnesota Approved For Release 2000/0808 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 * ! f
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 “ i (U) Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Edwards Personality Preference Schedule (EPPS), Rorschach Inkblot, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), = Halstead Category Test, Tactual Performance Test, Speech Perception Tegy ; Seashore Rhythm Test, Finger Tapping Test, Trail Making Test, Knox Cube Test, Raven Progressive Matrices, Verbal Concept Attainment Test, Bus chige Memory Test, Grooved Pegboard Tests, Gottschaldt Hidden-Figures Test, aud the spatial relations subtest of the SRA Primary Mental Abilities Test m The overall result of this testing was that no clear profile parameters * emerged on which an a priori screening procedure could be based, = In contrast to formal testing, however, several years observati = of remote viewers by SRI researchers has led to an informal guide base o subjective evaluation of the personality traits of successful viewers. This rule-of-thumb guide is based on the observation that successful re 10 viewers tend to be confident, outgoing, adventurous, broadly successful, am individuals with some artistic bent. With this as a guide, the sponsor — considered a population of 250 potential candidates for the RV program gu Of these, 117 were interviewed, resulting in a pool of 30-35 individuai. for potential active use in the program. With regard to the SRI orientm- tion program, ten of these were selected for interview by the SRI team, of which six were chosen for active participation in the SRI program, ™™® This constitutes the level of screening by profile. (U) In screening by performance, a number of unselected or pre- selected individuals are given a psychoenergetics task to perform, Those performing successfully are then said to be screened by the task, and: e then graduated to further tasking. rm * (U) H. Puthoff and R. Targ, "Perceptual Augmentation Techniques (U),'™@ Final Report, SRI Project 3183, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA : (December 1, 1°79) 7 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 ° -RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 = 10 fT =~
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 = In this study, the six individuals pre-screened by interview were then screened by performance on a six-trial RV series involving - 1ocal San Francisco Bay Area locations as target sites. Four of the six participants produced results that individually were statistically sig- nificant. Since this overall result is itself statistically significant we take as evidence that the interview selection (screening) procedure based on the SRI-supplied informal guidelines was successful, keeping in mind that the sample is too small to make an absolutely definitive statement. EE Fertternore, taking the initial six-trial series as a performance- screening instrument, we found that the. four high-performance individuals in this series ‘continued to perform with good success in additional tasks, while the two lower-performance individuals were also less successful in later tasks. We consider this to be an important finding. (U) From these overall results we conclude that pre-screening on the basis of interview, following the informal SRI guideline criteria, and screening by performance, using the SRI Standard RV Protocols, both constitute basic screening tools that in this program provided reliable indicators of success in psychoenergetic performance. B. Remote Viewing Protocols for the Description of Local (San Francisco Bay Area) Target Sites (U) (U) As a result of efforts over the years to develop an optimum psychoenergetic task appropriate for screening and training, we have settled on a standard remote-viewing (RV) procedure which is a refined . * Gersion of that described in our Proc. IEEE paper. The elements of the * (U) H. E. Puthoff and R. Targ, "A Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer over Kilometer Distances: Historical Perspective and Recent Research," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 64, pp. 329-354 (March 1976). Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 || ;
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 2. Remote Viewer/Interviewer Roles (U) Ee iverviewer holes (U) An important methodological aspect of the SRI RV protocols is based on the fact that the remote viewer/interviewer team constitutes a single information gathering unit in which the remote viewer's role is designed to be that of perceiver/information source, and the interviewer's role is designed to be that of analytical control. || This division of labor is designed to mirror the two primary modes of cerebral functioning; namely, the nonanalytic cognitive style (related to brain function) that predominates in spatial pattern recognition and other holistic processing (and is hypothesized to pre- dominate in psi functioning), and the analytical cognitive style that predominates in verbal and other analytical functioning.» (Only very experienced remote viewers appear to have the ability to handle both | cognitive styles simltaneously.) The interviewer role, removing as it does the burden of analytical functioning during exercise of the RV faculty, 4 appears to be a key element in generating the level of success required in operational programs, and we attribute the success of the SRI RV protocols in large part to this innovative design which appears to provide an appropriate match to the required functioning. 3. Target Pool Selection (U) — ee ne ction (U) Target locations in the San Francisco Bay Area are selected et RAE od a A ti Ri Mn it tt aah ay by a team of two Radio Physics Laboratory personnel who are not involved * (WU) See, e.g., J. Ehrenwald, "Cerebral Localization and the Psi Syndrome ," . J. of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 161, No, 6, pp. 393-398; R. Ornstein, EE The Nature of Human Consciousness, San Francisco, CA: Freeman, 1973, : Ch. 7 and 8; and R. W. Sperry, “Cerebral Organization and Behavior ," Science, Vol. 133, pp. 1749-1757 (1961). Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : &4A-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 ——~
Approved For Release 200 = P96-00789R003200200001-4 (U) jn our view such (novel) environmental factors would divert some of the subject's much-needed attention. * 6. Interviewer Behavior (U) (U) The interviewer arranges ahead of time to have pen and paper available for drawing, and a tape recorder. The room lighting is somewhat subdued to prevent after-image highlights, shadows on eyelids, etc. (U) When the agreed-upon RV trial time arrives, the interviewer simply asks the remote viewer to "describe the impressions that come to mind with regard to where the target person is." The interviewer does not pressure the remote viewer to verbalize continuously; if he were to, the remote viewer might tend to embroider descriptions to please the interviewer, a well-known syndrome in behavioral studies of this type. If the remote viewer tends toward being analytical ("I see Macy's") the interviewer gently leads him into description, not analysis. (“You don't have to tell me where it is, just describe what you segf'") This is the most important and difficult task of the interviewer, but is apparently necessary for good results, especially with inexperienced remote viewers. (U) It is also useful for the interviewer to “surprise” the remote viewer with new viewpoints. ("Go above the scene and look down-~ what do you see? If you look to the left, what do you see?) The remote viewer's viewpoint appears to shift rapidly with a question like this, and the data come through before the viewer's defenses activate to block it out. ND The interviewer role described here, applicable to the famili -tion/screening task at hand, is appropriately modified for an experienced remote viewer. In the SRI typically more "muzzled" in general, although, supplying positive feedback at certain key points procedure the interviewer is if not blind to the target, for correct target-related responses. Approved For Release 2000/08 -00789R003200200001 -4
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 IV ORIENTATION PROGRAM--PHASE ONE (U) 1 In this section we describe the six remote viewing series carried out with each of he volunteers. All series have been assessed as to the amount of remote viewing exhibited in each. Four of these series were found, by blind judging, to depart significantly from chance expectation, Finding four such significant series, in a group of six, is sufficient to make the group as a whole statistically signifi- cant (p = 4 x,1079). A description of each trial in each of the series will be presented below. A. Remote Viewing of Local Target Sites (U) During the months of May, June, and July, six one-week remote viewing series were conducted, one week with each of the six Oy par- ticipants. These series were carried out at the rate of two series per month. The purpose of these initial training activities was to obtain | baseline data on each of the participants taking part in a uniform series of trials, and to provide a basis for later evaluation and comparison of their performance in more diverse tasks. (U) The six remote viewing sessions for each participant were con~ ducted at a rate of one per day, except for Thursdays, when there were two sessions. The project directors divided the interviewing tasks, with RT remaining with the viewer for the first four trials, and HP acting as interviewer for the last two, in every case. Approved For Release 2000/08/08: CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4
| : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 Approved For Release 2000/08) B, Summary of the Six Series (U) EE ix erics iy m. following summarizes our impressions of the thirty-six remote 5 viewing trials carried out in our laboratory, May through July 1979, by the six WR = ticipants. (U) In order to present a coherent assessment of the sessions in this summary, we rate each session individually by a measure we call Accuracy Rating. This is our evaluation as to the correspondences between viewer-generated transcripts and the intended target site, This assess- ment is carried out on a post hoc basis with knowledge of the target site, and so is not intended to be the equivalent of "blind judging." Its utility is that it provides a relative measure from our standpoint as to the success of the various participants, We rate each transcript on a 0 to 7 scale, with a 0 for no correspondence, and a 7 for a transcript that shows excellent correspondence with essentially no incorrect infor- mation, and including good analytical detail (for example, naming the target by name). The scale is shown in Table 2. Again, the 0 to 7 rating is not a blind measure of the level of RV functioning, but rather a procedure for comparing the relative performance of the participants, As we see later, however, the correlation or agreement between our Accuracy Rating system and the results of formal blind judging is high. 1. Viewer No, 155 (U) a 9 (U) Target 1: White Plaza at Stanford University. This trial TT een rord University was the first in the overall group of thirty-six, and also was in our opinion (and that of the blind judge) one of the very best in the series of six with this remote viewer, The viewer correctly identified the main feature of the site as being a plaza with a fountain. He also had a tall column dominating the Scene, which could be a match to Hoover Tower, a looming structure nearby, Additionally described were a series of arches, Approved For Release 2000/08/08,: CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4
Approved For Release 2000/0 : CIA-R 6-00789R003200200001-4 (U) representation of the arched entrance to the overpass. Again, however, there were so many extraneous elements to the viewer's output that our judge ranked this transcript fourth out of six. Rating it only with regard to the individual target, we assigned it an Accuracy Rating = 3. This remote viewing series was the first to be conducted with a ‘yolunteer. It was judged in accordance with the detailed concept: analysis described earlier. The final tally revealed only one correct first-place assignment, and all others fourth-place or less. The series was therefore statistically nonsignificant, according to our | evaluation criteria. Our Accuracy Rating assessment agreed fairly well with the blind judging results, both being relatively low because of the viewer's fréquent inclusion of erroneous elements along with strongly correct ones in a given transcript/drawing package, a4 combination that made judging difficult. (Our sum of Accuracy Ratings was 16, the next to the lowest of the six.) In engineering terms this would be a good example of a signal-to-noise problem. There were occasional good examples of signal, but it was generally overwhelmed by the noise. 2. Viewer No. 292 (U) (U) Target 1: SRI Courtyard. The central feature of this large, enclosed courtyard is a fountain in a square concrete base. The viewer described a number of different architectual forms including domes and columns, which are not at the target site. He also described a small waterfall, however, which is in fact at the site, in a form well illustrated by one of his drawings. In addition, another drawing shows an eight-lobed circular structure that closely resembles the inner portion of the fountain. Because of the many nonapplicable elements of the description, however, this transcript only merits an Accuracy Rating = 3. Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : C2#A-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 (
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : DP96- 0789R003200200001 -4 (U) type devised by the client. In this approach one rates as "perfect" (e.g., 7 on a 0-to-7 scale) a transcript in which the target is unequivo- cally identified. If there is no apparent relationship between the transcript and the intended target, on the other hand, the transcript is rated 0. For intermediate results, an intermediate rating is assigned, as indicated earlier in Table 2. All transcripts were given a numerical Accuracy Rating, using the 0-to-7 scale, in the presence of the contract monitor. The summary data for the two judging processes are tabulated in Table 3, (U) We are now in a position to compare mathematically our Accuracy Rating of the transcripts (post hoc evaluation scale) with the formal ratings of. the same transcripts by a blind judge. In Figure 7 we have plotted a comparison of the Accuracy Ratings (vertical scale) and the blind- judge rankings (horizontal scale). We have also calculated the correlation coefficient between these two sets of ratings for the 36 transcripts/target pairs evaluated by both procedures. For the 36 pairs, the correlation coefficient is r = 0.59, The numerical probability of a correlation this high or higher occurring by chance between ' uncorrelated" data over the same range of values is only one in twenty thaygand (p = 5 X 107°), (U) This important result shows that a post hoc Accuracy Rating technique similar to that used by the client organization to evaluate transcripts and viewer performance is very well correlated with objective blind matching normally used in psychology to evaluate data of this type. E, Phase-One Conclusions (cu) — SONS mm In the first phase carried out six series of remote viewing trials, one series with each of ~] e have Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : S1A-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4
i) i aS 108/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 —_ a = = Table 3 (concluded) -™ Viewer No, 690 Accuracy “ Target Blind Place Match Rating al Alta Mesa Cemetery 1 2 Four Seasons Restaurant Arch 1 4 Shielded Room 1 5 - Automobile Showroom 1 4 Palo Alto Library Stacks 5 0 .Methodist Church 1 _4 = p < 0,002 19 = Note: The probability of obtaining 4 significant series out of. 6 by chance is itself significant at odds of less than -™ one in ten thousand. “ the six BE + 0222:22rs. All but one of these individuals had little experience with psychic functioning in general, and all had only «a limited introductory experience with the remote viewing protocols of SRI | in particular before their participation in the SRI program. The goal Of a= this program was to familiarize the individuals with these protocols and attempt to achieve enhanced levels of functioning (as compared with chanc@g expectation), i .: the six viewers taking part in the trials, four carried out series that showed success sufficient to reach individual statistically significant departure from chance expectation, as measured by blind matchie of each of the viewer's six responses against the six target locations ™ used in his series. Finding four participants out of six reaching statistical significance at p < 0.05 results in the entire group of trials Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 54 i ———, 7
. Approved For Release 2000/08/08 ; CIA-RDP96-00789R00320020000 7 4 seme 4 . ing significant (p = 4 X 10°). We therefore conclude from the Phase- One results that the GB art icipants as a group showed remote sensing abilities that departed strongly from chance expectation, - Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4
Approved For Release DP96-00789R003200200001-4 B. Future Remote Viewing (FRV) () 7 In the course of our remote viewing experiments we have occa- sionally been directed a to have subjects describe a target location or event as it would appear at some future time, We have also asked viewers to describe target locations that would not be chosen until after the end of their description. Our assessment qu ne :- that the quality of these (admittedly few) future remote viewings is approximately comparable to that the the remote viewings carried out with real-time targets. It appears that if the FRV process can be developed further it would offer a new and stunning array of WB 0::ini1ities . (U) In addition to our own experience with FRV in the laboratory, the principal remote viewing replications in the academic community, which have been carried out at Mundelein College in Chicago by Bisaha and Dunne, have a1i~feen of the FRV type, with the target selection following the viewer description, often by several hours. These were successful even when the viewers were in Chicago, and the outbound experi- * menter was in the Soviet Union. (U) We recognize that there is no current physical explanation for future remote viewing, although theories have been put forward by physicists Feinberg and de Beauregard, among others. However, even in the absence of a good understanding, these phenomena appear to occur with some relia- bility, and therefore lend themselves to utilitarian purpose. (U) In the past year, future remote viewing scans have been carried out using as targets both 35-mm slides and local Bay Area locations being Seen ne Ee * (U) J. Bisaha and B. Dunne, "Mind at Large,’ Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Symposia on the Nature of Extrasensory Per~ ception, C. T. Tart, H. E. Puthoff, and R. Targ, Eds. (Praeger, New York, N.y., 1979). Approved For Release _ : “na
“rf es Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 (U) describe into a tape recorder his impressions of a target object. Each session was terminated either by the monitor who indicated that the (approximate) three-hour period was up, or by the remote viewer himself at a somewhat earlier time. The remote viewer was then taken to the target location for feedback, . the first four trials the targets | | Wass - placed on display on a conference room table in that facility.. TY As part of the first trial the remote viewer was asked to describe the facility as well as the target object; for the remaining three trials he was asked to describe the target object only. (U) Before the fifth trial, it was decided by the remote viewer and monitor that the target location for the remaining two trials should be changed so as to avoid analytical overlay problems associated with target~site familiarity. The site chosen by the monitor was the roof of the Radio Physics Laboratory building, directly above the ceiling of the room in which the remote viewer was located. (U) Trial 1. The target object for Trial 1 was a.copper ewer (pitcher) placed on a dark brown wood-grained table (see Figure 17). The remote viewer sketched an object that evolved into a table-lamp base finally topped by a lampshade. a The description of the facility rendered by the remote viewer had many matching elements, although it appears that the remote viewer combined the two primary rooms into one; because of this, however, the description is ambiguous and cannot be taken as evidential. (U) Trial 2. The target object for Trial 2 was a metal food mill with red handle shown ‘in Figure 18. In response the remote viewer Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 Lit A “ABL eae
[ if Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 ] | ee, mm (U) sketched a silver~grey object with a handle on it that looked first like = a fireplace scoop (most correct), and then evolved into a bellows. : (U) Trial 3. The target for Trial 3 was a straw hat with ™ curled up brim and dimpled top (Figure 19). The remote viewer's response is shown in the same figure. i a (U) Trial 4. Target 4 was a photographic tripod (Figure 20). | The remote viewer's response, shown in the same figure, consisted essen- | - ~ tially of a silver teapot-like object sitting on a tripod. Gi tesa1 5. Following the first four trials, the monitor and remote viewer agreed that the target location for tH remaining two trials should be ol sewhe re i a Several altern- ative locations were discussed, with the final decision to be made by the monitor. The monitor chose the roof of the Radio Physics Laboratory and intended to place a target there. Due to an error in timing, the remote viewer began the fifth session without having met with the monitor to learn which of the discussed alternative locations was to be used. In the absence of this communication there was no overtly agreed-upon target location and no special target was set up. Nonetheless, we observe post hoc that the remote viewer described an outside, brightly lit gravel-based area, and provided a response that resembled the intended roof target area (see Figure 21). Because of the ambiguity of target location and absence of a specific intended target, however, this trial is set aside and not included in the package of results to be blind judged. (U) Trial 6, The target chosen for the final trial was a world globe (Figure 22). In response the remote viewer drew a sphere mounted on a stand, but did not cognize the map aspect. He also shows the roof line, but this cannot be taken as evidential since it was known that the target was to be on the roof Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 87
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 i | An orientation program for CRV has been designed at SRI, and | . is being applied with success with RVers inexperienced in CRV. The details are as follows. (U) <A target pool of more than 100 geographical sites from around the globe has been prepared and is being continually expanded. The loca- tions are chosen to embody some particular well-defined characteristic (e.g., mountains, oceans, deserts, lakes, cities, islands, rivers). The coordinates of these locations, obtained from standard reference atlases, are each written on one side of a 3-by~5S-inch file card, on the other side of which is a descriptor (e.g., Mt. Hekla volcano, “Iceland), along with an atlas reference. The cards are then placed in envelopes, coordinates * facing the back, and randomized. (U) The CRV orientation procedure is as follows: ‘ (1) __ RVer and facilitator seat themselves at opposite gxds a table in a special environment, the former with a supply of paper and a pen, the latter with target envelopes (contents unknown) and the reference atlases. (2) wa The CRVer is instructed that the facilitator will begin the CRV process by selecting an envelope and reading aloud the target coordinates. The CRVer is to note down on paper any immediate impressions (which he may also express aloud) and then, rather than embellishing on his first impressions, to ask for the coordinates to be read aloud again so that the original process may be repeated, etc., until a coherent picture of the site emerges, * ; (U) The Times Atlas of the World, Hougton Mifflin Co., Boston, 1971. People's Republic of China Atlas, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971. t (U) The RV environment has been optimized during testing on another program to be quiet, dimly lit, and to provide a relatively homogeneous monochrome visual field, free of strong features and peripheral clutter, 95 Approved For Release "imme OP 96-00789R003200200001-4
| Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 (3) (4) (5) over a several-day period, resulting in a data pool of 26 CRV target viewings wt Following these instructions, the facilitator selects an envelope at random, opens it from the rear so as to be exposed to the coordinates only, and then begins the process described above. After one or more repetitions of the coordinates (each followed by a CRV response) leads to a recognizable target characteristic, the card is turned over by the facilitator, and the atlas consulted (if necessary) in order to give feedback. A line is drawn on the CRVer's data sheet to separate the data thus generated from further data, since up to this point the data were generated in a double-blind protocol and can be objectively evaluated later as a test of target acquisition. Having terminated the target acquisition “test" phase, feedback can now be given and/or further data solicited. The feedback given at this point is non- negative, ranging from "that's the target," through "near the target," to "you are at another target" (giving the CRVer the benefit of the doubt). The facilitator then has the option of terminating the viewing, asking for more detail ("there's something ten miles north that should be visible") or restarting the process when the viewer's original description did not correspond to the target site. In the latter case the facilitator can, of course, guide or cue the CRVer into a correct response; (a) this is acceptable in the nontest part of the sequence, (b) this can be checked for by asking for detail in the surrounding region, and (c) this provides an opportunity to investigate whether such cueing procedures can be guiding the CRVer onto the target site wi cues "a," "b," ... "£," and then asking for "g"). They were: Salt Lake Desert, Utah; Lake Erie; Chicago; = RVer 518 was exposed to this protocol, a few targets per sessiOj Mono Lake; Aruba Island; Lake Okeechobee; Yount's Peak, Wyoming; Pitcairn Island; Pike's Peak; Los Angeles; Atlantic Ocean; Rio de Janeiro; Kansas -™ plains, St. Peter and Paul Islands; Randall Dam, South Dakota; Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 —_— 96
Se = — F | p or Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 “ma Munich; Amazon River; Midwestern - Lake Titicaca; Cape May; Niagara Falls; Sierra Blanca Mountain; Oregon Desert; plains; Venezuelan Peninsula; Panama Canal; Puerto Rico. we Following the first pilot session of five, the remaining twenty-one we in which essentially immediate feedback was given, re carried out with delayed feedback and thus provided material that could be assessed the targets into five groups (mountains , ™ objectively. Categorizing flats, water, cities, islands/peninsulas), the target/response matrix ™ jis as shown in Table 4. The probability of such an alignment occurring - by chance alone can be calculated by the direct-count-of-permutations = 0.0083. The distribution of method discussed € earlier, and leads to Pp responses is therefore statistically significant. Furthermore, beyond inal simple statistics, certain individual responses were exceptionally accurate during the acquisition “test” phase. In the final trig}. in this series, for example, when the target coordinates were for Guayama in a Puerto Rico, the viewer described a "fishing village on the southeast coast of a poat-shaped island," which is an entirely correct description He then drew an island, resembling mm of the locale at the target coordinates. h shape and orientation. A few orientation sessions Puerto Rico in bot 155 and 292, with similar results. al were carried out with Viewers (U) The above procedure is the first stage of a multi-stage training The methodology centers around - procedure developed on another program. = use of a specially-designed acoustic-tiled featureless room with homogeneous coloring to minimize environmental overlay; adoption of a uniform, limited a monitor pehavior role to minimize monitor overlay; and the use of a strictly specified CRV procedure involving repeated coordinate presentation and oni quick-reaction response-—a procedure designed to minimize "imaginative" overlays. The effectiveness of this procedure is in the process of being <a Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200 200001-4 97
Hy ee ~~ Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : —_\ Table 4 Vue OF CRV TARGET/RESPONSE MATCHINGS (U) Transcripts Islands/ Mountains | Flats | Water | Cities | Peninsulas Mountains 0 0 Flats 1 1 Water 0 0 Cities 0 2 Islands /Peninsulas 9) 0 confirmed with a number of remote viewers in another program, and the (U) results to date indicate that a significant step forward in accuracy and reliability has been made. Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP9&00789R003200200001 -4 (—_— a
“ Approved For Release 2000/08/08: CIAZRDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS (U) ; ES this report we have presented the results and assessments of a one-year program for the optimization of remote viewing with mm selected individuals. To meet the objectives of the program we have familiarized these individuals with the SRI RV protocol; pursued the development of enhanced levels of RV ability through exposure to several different orientation/training strategies, and established screening tests and procedures for enlarging the population from which such in- e dividuals are selected. BE our principal observation in working with the a volunteers is that we have found considerable evidence for remote viewing functioning among them. In the basic local-site RV-familiarization task (Phase-One study), four of the six participants produces results that were individually statistically significant (p < 0.05),” rendering the series strongly significant as a whole (p = 4X 10°, or odds of one in 25,000), (An entire summary of program data is shown in Table 5.) q second observation from that study is that in general, there is more variability from trial to trial for a given viewer than there is between the viewers themselves. There are no viewers in the group who have not shown some evidence for remote viewing, even though some of their individual series may not have reached the p < 0.05 level of departure from chance expectation. * (U) In fact, each of these four series exceeded this requirement by more than an order of magnitude, reaching significance at the p = 0.003 level or better. Approved For Release ‘(—_— : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 ee | .
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6-00789R003200200001-4 Approved For Release 200 BB wien regard to screening: (1) The individuals chosen to participate in the program were pre-screened from a population of 250 potential candidates, using broad personality profile guidelines recommended by SRI, with final selection determined on the basis of interview by the SRI project leaders (R. T. and H. P.). The fact that the overall study was successful lends support to the effectiveness of this initial screening-by-profile procedure, (2) The details of the results of the program indicate that a half dozen local-site RV trials may constitute a meaningful screening-by-performance procedure to Separate the more reliable from the less reliable viewers. In order for screening-by~performance to be successful, it is necessary that the performance of a viewer be relatively consistent. We find that those individuals who were the most successful in the Phase- One trials, were also the most successful in Phase-Two, even though different remote viewing tasks were pursued. Of the four successful viewers in Phase-One, two produced Significant results and one near-significant (the fourth was not available for the Phase-Two study). The two viewers from Phase-One that were least successful there (not reaching significance) again did not reach signifi- cance in Phase-Two. Aithough the sample is too small to be definitive, it appears that the Phase-One local- Site RV series itself offers evidence of constituting a < useful screening-by-performance procedure, Cgc data indicating that a viewer can describe an individual slide as it is shown on a screen shows that targeting on high-resolution transient targets (charts, maps, etc.) is not out of the question. This, coupled with our findings that a viewer may be able to describe and identify alphabet letters is a most encouraging development, and one deserving of further work. Extension of the RV process to include high-resolution material, especially with a reading ability, would constitute a significant 101 DP96-00789R003200200001-4 Approved For Release 2
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA- DP96-00789R003200200001-4 | | Certain of the individual responses in the FRV (future remote viewing) series, both with slides and with local sites as targets, appeared to give striking evidence of contact with the target. However, = the trial-to-trial reliability was low and no series reached statistical ‘significance. Therefore, although individual results were encouraging, ™ no definitive statement can be made on the basis of this short study. - Given its obvious applications potential, should its existence be capable | of unambiguous verification, we consider it a high-priority item for om further exploration, 4 In the extended remote viewing (ERV) trials a viewer was able ™ in each trial of the series to identify significant elements of an object | placed in various locations we In these experiments the remote viewer worked alone over = extended periods of time (up to three hours). At a minimum, the good results indicate that the RV process is not so fragile that it must be carried out under rigidly-specified conditions, since in this case an = alternative style was in use and the results continued to be reliable. Further work would be required, however, before a definitive comparison = of RV and ERV could be made. - We rie, the encouraging results obtained in the CRV (coordinate remote viewing) trials indicates that comparable accuracy and reliability ™ can be expected from experienced viewers targeting either on the basis of a beacon person at the target, or on the basis of geographical latitude - and longitude alone. As a by-product of the CRV study, which involved the use of special procedures being developed in another program for 7 reliability enhancement, the high-quality output provided additional confirmation as to the effectiveness of certain new approaches being ™ taken with regard to monitor/viewer interaction and control of the RV environment. . Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDR96-00789R003200200001 -4 __ >)
Approved For Release Ee - To take advantage of the most recent developments in remote viewing, and to achieve the goal of continuing to develop remote viewing we strongly recommend further development of capabilities in the following areas: ¢ Applications of Remote Viewing. A training procedure has been developed that appeares to greatly increase both the accuracy and reliability of remote viewing by coordinates. This technique should continue to be examined, and applied e Effects of Feedback. An extensive examination should be made of the necessity for providing feedback in remote viewing trials, <A systematic variation in the presence or absence of feedback should be used to determine the importance of this factor. to targets of * Target Demarcation. Coordinate remote viewing experiments should be carried out in which the target is demarcated by means of various types of coordinates (e.g., geographic, and arbitrary). This should be done in order to discover the part played by the target coordinate in determining remote viewing accuracy. ¢ Audio Analysis. In an effort to separate correct from incorrect data available from taped subject descriptions of remote viewing target sites, the use of speech and audio analysis techniques should be investigated as a tool to provide selective editing, This should include semantic analysis, in which analysis of written transcripts are. carried out to look for variations in grammar, style, or vocabulary to help separate correct from incorrect statements in the RV transcript. * Tracking. Further effort should be pursued to perfect the RV process whereby, instead of demarcating a location to obtain a target description, one provides a target description and asks for location] . SRI has under development certain ' strategies involving FRV feedback, computer averaging of multiple trials, and so forth, which appear from pilot efforts to hold promise. e Spatial Resolution. A study should be carried out to determine the extent to which it is possible to aid Approved For Release (_—_ : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 fe Mer me net cant 8h Hh ORS
P96-00789R003200200001 -4 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA- : viewers in learning to read hidden and distant printed material that is blocked from ordinary perception, * ‘Temporal Resolution, An ERV effort should be pursued ees olution to determine the accuracy of remote viewing as a function of time for future targets. ° ELF Experiments. Since one of the prevalent hypotheses for paranormal perception requires the use of an ELF electromagnetic carrier, we suggest carrying out definitive experiments ¢0 examine this hypothesis (e.g., by using ELF generators as beacons), and to provide analyses correlating data from our past data base with the daily record of geophysical parameters known to affect ELF propagation. * Theorétical Studies. Modern physics offers several mathematical descriptions of reality that may also prove td be testable descriptions of paranormal perception in general, and remote viewing in particular, We recommend work with leading physicists who have agreed to consult for SRI on these theoretical problems, in an effort to develop a physical understanding of the phenomena we observe in the laboratory and in the field, and to apply this knowledge to improve remote viewing functioning, ° Technical Meetings. SRI proposes to host private quarterly ee eS conferences to bring together selected U.S. scientists who are concerned with the technical issues in psychoenergetic research, Successful pursuit of the above priority items could be expected ‘to result in an increased reliability and breadth of utility of the RV Ga Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 (|
or Roly 200.08 ci_ ROP 200z000% a - Approverrt | Go md : Final Report February 1982 : Covering the Period October 1980 to September 1981 RV RELIABILITY, ENHANCEMENT, AND EVALUATION (U) POR daar = | ‘Srap« For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001 -4 aternational
+ aie OU Approved For Release *soofgaiiiammemF°*-co7eercoszcozecoo%-s CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . . - «© «+ *+ «+ © © © © © # 8 #8 & LIST OF TABLES. ... +++ * e+ 2 © © © © # © © 8 8 8 II Tit Vv OBJECTIVE. . .- + 2+ e+e «© © © © © © he eH INTRODUCTION . 2. «6 6 © © © © © © © © oe HH He RV ENHANCEMENT TASK. . +» - «+ © © © © © © © © * * A. Tasking .. - + +6 6 ee #8 eH er ee B, Coordinate RV (CRV) . . . « «© 6+ + se © & Cc. Overview of the RV Enhancement Procedure. . D. Transfer of RV Enhancement Technology .. - E. ‘Summary of the RV Enhancement Technique . -RV Tasking. . . 2. +2 + + 2+ * ¢ Vv MIR ev tases —~ RV Session Format . 16. + 6 © + e+ 2 © © 7 8 Pre- and Pos t S's Calibration. . FY 1981 a Sites... . Evaluation of cho RV Task SUMMARY OF THE FY 1981 RV ENHANCEMENT TASK . mo Oo WwW > Appendices A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF CRV PRACTICE SITES « SUMMARY SHEETS... . - AN EXAMPLE OF A REMOTE VIEWING RESPONSE . B c D Wil RV EVALUATION PROTOCOLS ... . E A SAMPLE RETURNED EVALUATION PROTOCOL .. .- 11 13 15 15 15 15 16 20 21 23 27 53 61 69 Approved For Release 2000/02/08 : CIA. -00789R003200200001 -4
~F 6-00789R003200200001-4 Approved For Release 2000/ ILLUSTRATIONS 1 RV Enhancement Program . ..... 6 «+ «© «© © © © «@ we eee 4 2 Schematic Representation of Remote Viewer Response to CRV Situation. . 2. 2 6 6 we we we te ew tw wt tt te 9 3 Stage 3 Remote Viewing (Wotje Atoll) ......6.0:28.08.8 0s 12 4 Presession Calibration Trial (Mount Kilimanjaro) (a) Site, (b) RV Response. .......654 00 2 se ee ee wee eas 17 5 Postsession Calibration Trial (Canyonlands National Park) (a) Site, (b) RV Response. . ......06.0 2 «ew wee 18 TABLES 1 Stages in Remote Viewing . . 1... 6 ee ee ee ee ew we 10 2 Viewing Tasks (FY 1981) ......... 19 Approved For Release — —
[ Approved For Release ’ TT I OBJECTIVE The objective of the RV Reliability, Enhancement, and Evaluation Task rrr rn a ree ce is to develop techniques to enhance remote viewing (RV), both to enhance { _ applications , the potential for Approved For Release i : “_\
Approved For Release 2000/0 6-00789R003200200001-4 II INTRODUCTION SRI International is tasked with assessing the potential of RV for * applications. In this task, as defined for fiscal years EY) 1981 through 1983, special emphasis is placed on the possibility that enhancement techniques can be developed that will significantly increase levels of accuracy and reliability. The three-year effort focuses on (1) the development of techniques to enhance the accuracy and reliability of RV, (2) the application of a (3) the evaluation of such techniques and applications, and (4) the integration of RV ; = The apportionment of these efforts over the three~year period is shown in Figure l. Investigation of the RV phenomenon at SRI International over the past decade has ranged from basic research for proof or the lack of proof of the existence of the phenomenon to WEEE eretications in which the existence of the phenomenon is assumed, The present study emphasizing applicability is the latter type--proof of the phenomenon is not explicitly pursued here. Some pragmatic measure of demonstration of existence is provided, however, ‘by assessment of the quality of results obtained in wa carried out under double-blind conditions. In this report we discuss the effort for FY'81. This effort con- sisted of: * RV is the acquisition and description, by mental means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding. 0789R003200200001 -4 Approved For Release —- : ae |
RR Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-0 %003200200001-4 | INTEGRATION OF RV | 7 - EVALUATION DEVELOPMENT OF ENHANCEMENT ‘TECHNIQUES = 1981 1982 1983 | \ FISCAL YEAR FIGURE 1 (U) RV ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM = Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : o_o -
Approved For Release 2000/ (1) (2) (3) (4) Approved For Release 2000/ 6-00789R003200200001-4 The development of a six-stage RV training procedure, which we hypothesized would lead to improved RV performance. The beginning of orientation/application/testing of the procedure with four experienced and one novice remote viewer. The generation of data by the experienced remote viewers The development of a first-generation series of evaluation sheets (and an associated computerized data-base management system) for use by analysts in providing numerical estimates of various aspects of the RV product. -00789R003200200001 -4
Approved For Release 2000/0 )6.00789R003200200001-4 III RV ENHANCEMENT TASK A. Tasking SRI International is tasked with working toward the development of RV enhancement procedures ee Of - particular interest are the development of procedures that can be transmitted to others in a structured fashion (i.e., "training" procedures), and that can be used in targeting on distant cite: (> B. Coordinate RV (CRV) One targeting procedure, which we have been investigating at SRI Since 1972, is an abstract procedure known as “coordinate remote viewing (CRV)."" In this procedure, the target site coordinates (latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds) are given (with no further information) to the individual who is to view the site. The remote viewer * is then asked simply to proceed on the basis of the coordinates alone. “admittedly, such an abstract targeting procedure seems without basis, at least with regard to the present scientific paradigm. As a result we can make no claim for the technique other than the purely pragmatic one that it appears to work. It can only be pointed out that the possi- bility of success in such a protocol is in accord with an observed "goal- oriented" nature of the laws that appear to govern such functioning. An investigation into the general problem of target acquisition has been carried out and reported in R. Targ, H. Puthoff, B. Humphrey, and C., Tart, "Investigations of Target Acquisition," Research in Parapsychology, 1979 (Scarecrow Press, Inc., Metuchen, N.J., 1980). Approved For Release 2000/08/08 -00789R003200200001 -4
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003200200001-4 — | Appendix B ys SUMMARY SHEETS 27 Approved For Release 2000/08 jeaigadampag6-00789R003200200001-4