754 R,. E. TIGRANYAN quite intense mechanical vibrations must be excited capable of actively influencing the functional state of the object. Yet the calculated pressure values of the mechanical vibra- tions presented in [9, 19] are lower by 4-5 orders (by 8-10 orders in intensity) than those capable of leading to functional or pathological disturbances. To clarify the question we ran a series of experiments on mod:2l systems—liquids of organic and i inorganic origin and biological objects (the intact brain of the rat, a preparation of the frog tibial nerve and an erythrocyte suspension. The block diagram includes a u.h.f. generator with a pulse power of 70 W at a carrier frequency of 800 MHz, a rectangular waveguide in the running wave Tegime, a piezo- ceramic mechanical vibration detector, a linear amplifier and a S1-54 oscillograph. The obj:cts were irradiated in a tube positioned in the diametral plane of the waveguide. Figure 1 presents the design of the node of fixation of the tube and recording of the Fig. 2. Oscill mechanical vibrations excited in a liquid. The power flux density in the pulse in the wave. ;SemE the object or w guide was 2 W/cm?. The height of the iiquid column in the tube was varied from 30 to budns following at the 30 mm. The test of whether these vibrations actually originated from the test liquid was if vibrations). Th the velocity of sound in a given liquid determined from the relation [20] ' : tector equal to 10> Cc=4if mplitude of the sign or C=4l/nAt, where /is the height of the liquid column, cm; fis the frequency of the excited mechanical veg, vibrations, sec~'; At is the time marking of the sweep of the oscillogragh, sec; 7 is the art ively 0-1 N number of markings per period. The liquid column is regarded as a four-wave acoustic resonator. The duration of the pulses in the experiments ranged between 10-5 and 107? sec and the repetition frequency was 10-10* Hz. Figure 2 presents an oscillogram of the mechanical vibrations excited in ethanol. With change in the duration of the u.h.f. puls periodic changes (maxima and minima) in the amplitude of the excited mechanical vibrations were observed. The amplitude of the resulting vibration is determined by thé hé system studie. 2 contour of ir relation - . a nsity the q . ‘ . , 2 $ ; a ve ¥ ° . ; Ayal Ab d}+24, d,008(n+ a] ; —. yJongitudinal where A; = Age"; A; = Age~*"~™ are the amplitudes of thedying oscillations excited 6Y the leading and trailing edges of the thermal pulse. Thus the fronts of the thermal pulse may be regarded as two independent sources of mechanical vibrations. Suchi an appt to the effzct observed is also supported by the fact that with change in the duration oft P wide u.h.f. pulse (for a duration of the u.h.f. pulse equal to several periods of the excite? eg ey Tange 0 mechanical vibrations) the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations excited by the leadis$ edge remains unchanged and only that of the mechanical vibrations excited by thet edge of the thermal pulse changes. With change in the duration of the u.h.f. pulses only does the amplitude of the vibrations change but, also the character of the Process—at 1, =(2n-+1)7/2 the process of generation of the mechanical vibratios$ continuous if the repetition frequency of the u.b.f. pulses is close to the resonance
: of actively ues of the meth lers in intensity ‘ es. To clarify ¢ of organic and: eparation of the : power of 70 ing wave reg and a S1-54 og ral plane of the tube and recordiy ty in the pulse inti ube was varied :d from the test! ‘of the excited met : oscillogragh, :d as a four-way :d between 10~ ents an oscillograt luration of the wh! f the excited mi ition is determine |. ing oscillations exe conts of the thern rations. Such an a nge in the durati sral periods of the && ons excited by theJeg ons excited by th n of the u.h.f, pul: re character of mechanical vibrat ose to the reson F Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R003100280001.7 ‘ ae Fia. 2. Oscillogram of mechanical vibrations excited in ethanol. . « of the object or waning: at t=nT it degenerates into packets of mechanical following at the frequency of the u.h.f. pulses (7 is the period of the excited hanical vibrations). The pressure amplitude may be evaluated from the sensitivity rhe detector equal to 10-® V-dyne~!-cm?. For ethyl alcohol this value was ~0-3.N/cm for an amplitude of the signal on the detector of 20-30 mV. From this one may determine the intensity of the excited mechanical vibrations using the known relation I, Wicm? = p?/2pc. yibrations Substituting the values presented we get J==3 x 10-* W/cm?. For 1M NaCl solution we obtained respectively 0-1 N/cm? and 10-5 W/cm?. The values of the pressures and inten- sities of the excited mechanical vibrations obtained correspond to the resonance of the models used. At frequencies of u.h.f. pulses not equal to’ the resonance frequencies or their subharmonics the amplitude of the electric signal of the detector falls 50-100 fold. Thus the system studied when exposed to a pulse of electromagnetic energy must be regarded as a contour of impact excitation in which on exposure to an external pertur- bation free vibrations appear with a frequency close to that of resonance 1.e. in evaluating pressure and intensity the quality factor of the system must be heeded. In pure liquids as is known only longitudinal mechanical vibrations are excited. In heterogeneous systems, for which the shear modulus G#0 on excitation of the longitudinal waves, shear waves are also excited. Consequently, in a real biological object a shear component with a frequency equal to that of the longitudinal wave will also be present. If we start from the known findings that the velocity of the shear wave 1s less by 2-3 orders than that of the longitudinal wave and attenuation is 10° times greater [21] then for the frequency range of the excitable mechanical vibrations ~ 10* Hz (which is ob- served in many experiments) the intensity of the shear vibrations may be evaluated as follows. For an intensity of the longitudinal waves ~ 10° W/cm? in the absence of resonance the intensity of the shear vibrations is 1 per cent, i.e. 10-8 W/cem?. In view of the heavy attenuation, the energy of the shear waves is expended on the run of 2-3 wavelengths, i.e. at adistance ~ 300 um. If the heterogeneities of the object are regarded as ; point sources of such waves then in a sphere of 3 x 10 -2 om radius surface area s= 10
per 736 R, E. TiGRANYAN cm? and volume V=10-* cm’, the density of the energy will be 10-2 W/cm?. It may be assumed that the maximum action of the shear waves will occur at the boundary of the lipid membranes in view of the considerable difference in the dielectric constants of the membrane ard ambient medium leading to increase in the local energy of the uh. e.m.f. by three orders. In this case the energy density of the shear waves will reach 10 Fepe tition frequenc Mable heating and q ‘values of the amr Nibrations obtained YAN, R. E. and ‘AN, R. E. ef . KEL’, G.L., Physio ODOV, Yu. A., Ac . R., THER Vol 8G . Yu. I, Bi NILOVSKAYA, V. I1., . tat 3 ER, K. R. and FIN¢ 10a _Irradiation fi} 10 20 30 t,°C | : M., J. Appl Fia. 3 Fia. 4 -: NAY, L. S., J..Aco Fic. 3, Relative changes in the speed of conduction of the wave of excitation (J) and the amplitude : a bv, K. D. era of the action potential (a.p.) (2) of the nerve preparation on synchronization of u.h.f. irradiatioa with the latent period. /’ and 2’— Results of control measurements with change in the speed of com duction of the wave of excitation and amplitude of the action potential. Fia. 4, Change in the speed of conduction of the wave of excitation (/) and the amplitude of the a& tion potential (2) of the nerve preparation on thermal heating. W/cm’. Thus, even in the case of non-resonance excitation of the mechanical vibr’ aod we tions the energy density of the shear waves is biologically significant and far exceeds i : R. Biome, the threshold values. - 7 —— 3 WN AP. et ai Comparison of the results on the non-thermal effects of u.h.f. pulsed e.m.f. on excl 7 Betracts UBIO table structures with data on the effects of ultrasound showed the single direction of es E., Hyp the effect record.d. Thus, on exposure of the frog nerve preparation to u.h.f. pulses lasting 3-5 msec with a repetition frequency of 17-23 Hz the speed of conduction the excitation wave and the amplitude of the action potential (g.p.) decrease (Fis 7 on total heating of the preparation by not more than | K, the shifts of the parameters By studied being observed on synchronization of the wh.f. pulse with a latent peno™ 4 Witha shift of the u.h.f. pulse in time relative to the latent period the effects disappe*!~ § the values of the recorded parameters concur with those for the control objects (27 3 Thus, for equality of the u.h.f. energy supplied in the two case the effect is mane only on synchronization of the u.h.f. pulse with the active state of the prepara e A qualitatively similar picture is seen for preparations of the isolated frog heart innervated muscle [2, 3]. Hzating these preparations ought to lead to the knowa ° : site results [23] (Fig. 4). It is significant that for al] the preparations indicated i Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R00
comp ort , ; i“ the repetition frequency, i.e. increase in the density of the power flux, led to their ciable heating and qualitative agreement of the effect with those observed on ther- f mal heating. Pa The values of the amplitudes of the pressures and int jal vibrations obtained and also the evaluation of the ehe shear waves allow one to draw a conclusion on the bioloc; er on their excitation by u.hf. pulses. 00/08/08: CIA-RDP96-00789R0031 00280001 -7 For Release 20 Specific action of pulsed wht Beds See ay ensities of the excited mechan- "* REFERENCES j. TIGRANYAN, R. E, and TYAZHELOY, y, V.,; Summ. Report All-Union Symp. “Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields” (in Russian) p. 12, Pushchino, 1982 3. TIGRANYAN, R. E. and PARSADANYAN, A, Sh., Ibid. p. 13 §, TIGRANYAN, R. E. et al., Ibid. Dp. 14 4 FRENKEL’, G. L., Physiotherapy (in Russian) Vol. 3, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1938 §, KHOLODOV, Ya. A., Advances in Physiological Sciences (in Russian) p, 48, 1982 6. EIDL U. R., THER Vol, 68, No. 1, January 1980 . 9, KAMENSKIE, Yu. 1., Biofizika 9: 6, 1964 i, DANILOVSKAYA, V. L, Prikl. mat. Mekh. 14; 695, 1950; 316, 1950; 16: 341, 1952 ), FOSTER, K. R. and FINCH, Science 185: 256, 1974 10, WHITE, R. M., J. Appl. Phys, 34; 3559, 1963 §1, GOURNAY, L. S., J..Acoust, Soc. Amer, 40: 1322, 1966 12. KAZARINOV, K, D. ef ai., Summ. Reports All-Union Symp. “Biological Action of Electro. magnetic Fields” (in Russian) Dp. 42, Pushchino, 1982 13. FRY, W. J. D. and TUCKER, D., J, Acoust. Soc. Amer, 23: 627, 1951 14, HAUSSMANN, H. G. and KEHLER, H., Optic 7: 321, 1950 1S. HAUSSMANN, H. G, et al., Hygien. 134: 565, 1952 16. LEHMANN, J. er ai., Strahlentherapie 83; 311, 1950 17, SARVAZYAN, A, P. and PASHOVKIN, T.N., Proc. UBIOMED-IV. Vol. 1, Visegrad, Hun- gary, 1973 18. THEISMANN, H. and WALLHAUSER, K, N., Naturwissenschaften 37: 185, 1950 19, JAMES, C., Microwave Anditory Effects and Application, 1978 2, ALEXANDER, R., Biomechanics (in Russian) Mir, Moscow, 1970 21. SARVAZYAN, A, P, er al., The Role of Shear Properties of Biological Tissues in Ultrasonic - Bioeffects. Abstracts UBIOMED VU. p. 54, Eisenach, G.D.R., 1986 ‘ingle dir fa 622. TIGRANYAN, R. E., Hypothesis on the Acoustic Nature of the Mechanism of the Biological : Action of Pulse u.h.f. Fields (in Russian) ONTI NTSsBI, Pushchino, 1984 2. VEPRINTSEV, V. N., Dissert. Cand. Biol. Sci. (in Russian) Moscow State University, 1960 a of u.h.f./f ein the sped tential. trol obje effect is m the prep | frog h