Approved For Release 20GECR fPRAFRDP96-00788R001 800150001-7 ILLUSTRATIONS (U) 1 (U) Task Budgeting for Fiscal Years 1981 to 1983 ...... 8 2 (U) Before and After Comparison of RV Data Sets. ...... 11 3 (U) Schematic Representation of Remote Viewer Response to CRV Situation . . 1. 6. 6 6 ee ee ee ee ee 13 4 (U) Idealized Performance-Over-Time Curve. . .. 2. ee eee 14 (U) Training Performance for Stage I Trainee ........ 15 6 (U) Trainee Program Status/Accomplishments ........e- 26 TABLES (U) 1 (U) O-to-3 - point Accuracy Rating Scale for Target/ Transcript Corespondence . . . 2. 2. 6 2 6 8 ee ew ew ww 12 2 (U) Protocols. 2... 6 ee we ee ee ee ee ee 19 3 (S) Operational RV Tasks (FY 1983) . 2... 6 ee we ee ee 23 Vv Approved For Release 2009 ¢34) RdIRDP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2OFECR Fo P-RDP96-00788R001 800150001-7 I OBJECTIVE (U) (S) The objective of the Remote Viewing (Rv)™ Reliability, Enhance- ment, and Evaluation Task is to develop remote viewing techniques, both to enhance the potential for U.S. applications, and to provide data that may be-useful in assessing the threat potential of corresponding Soviet applications. * (U) RV (remote viewing) is the acquisition and description, by mental means, of information that has been blocked from ordinary perception by distance or by shielding. 1 Approved For Release 2009 €oRdtFRDP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release PFETA SSreRiED eR 800150001-7 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 2 Approved For Releasd pW Gif gA GG PE-B)788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release CECR BE ppse fozssRoo' 800150001-7 II INTRODUCTION/DEFINITIONS (U) A. (U) DoD Psychoenergetics Program (S/NF) Project GRILL FLAME was a joint DIA/Army effort; DIA provided overall project management and coordination. The project's primary goals were to evaluate the threat that foreign psychoenergetics achievements might pose to U.S. national security, and to explore the potential of psycho- energetics for use in U.S. intelligence collection. B. (U) Psychoenergetics--Definition (S/NF) Psychoenergetics refers to classes of human capabilities generally referred to as parapsychological, or psi phenomena. There are two main categories, informational and energetic, which can be defined as: * Remote Viewing (RV)/Extrasensory Perception (ESP)--Ability of an individual to access and describe remote geographic areas or to access and describe concealed data via undefined transmission mechanisms. Examples include - The (mental) viewing of the contents of a safe or a distant military site. - "Pickup" of the thoughts of another. - Direct foreknowledge of a future event, such as the firing of a missile. * Psychokinesis (PK)/Remote Perturbation (RP)--Mental ability to influence physical systems through undefined physical mechanisms. Examples include - The physical movement of an object by a (mental) effort of the will alone. ~ Perturbation of an electronic or mechanical component, such as a microchip or a gyro, by mental effort. - Perturbation of a basic physical process, such as the decay rate of radioactive material, by mental effort. (S{NF) Application of psychoenergetic processes to military/ intelligence objectives includes the use of the remote viewing process in 3 Approved For Release 2003 CO ROA POP 96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/0 Al 96-00788R001800150001-7 “SECRET (S/NF) data collection (verified), and the use of the remote perturbation processes to, for example, influence weapons systems (potential). In this document we concentrate on the former, remote viewing. 4 Approved For Release 2003/0946 CRAB FP6-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release SEC R BF ROP96-00788R001 800150001-7 III OVERVIEW (U) A. (U) History (S/NF) Major DoD/Intelligence Community interest in assessing the potential of psychoenergetics for military/intelligence applications began a little over a decade ago (1972), and has involved SRI International as a Major contractor, and a number of agencies as sponsors (CIA, FID, MIA, DIA, and so forth). The effort was compartmentalized under the code work "GRILL FLAME" in 1978, and in 1979 an in-house applications program was set up by Army INSCOM. . (U) The primary goals of the 1972-1980 time frame were to explore the major categories of phenomena, and to determine the baseline credibility, reliability, and statistics of those phenomena that appeared viable. In these studies, the credibility of remote viewing was established with high certainty. B. (U) Three-Year Program (S/NF) In 1981, a three-year (FY 1981 through 1983) Joint Services Integrated Program was set up under single-agency (DIA) management. The program, which was applications oriented, had as its goal the development of the remote viewing phenomenon to a point where it could be used to gain intelligence information with some reliability. The program was designed to assist DIA in evaluating the potential threat of foreign achievements in psychoenergetics, and to determine if remote viewing could be sufficiently developed for in-house DoD use. (S/NF) At the beginning of the three-year program, a considerable data base on remote viewing had already been established. This included open-literature publication of earlier work by SRI * and replication studies “(U) References are listed at the end of this report. 5 Approved For Release 20056 Ro RoP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003109") ECRE TO eer 800150001-7 (S/NF) by others?" as well as numerous classified reports on RV studies.3? 475 The ground rule for the three-year program was that the existence of the basic remote-viewing phenomenon was assumed--proof of the phenomenon was not explicitly pursued. (Some pragmatic measure of demonstration of existence was provided, however, by assessment of the quality of results obtained in tests, including operational tests, performed under the double- blind conditions.) Issues related to scientific understanding of the phenomena, or to phenomena-transmission mechanisms, were also not addressed because this was beyond project scope and available resources. (S/NF) Under these assumptions, SRI tasking was twofold: (1) RV technology * Develop techniques to increase reliability of RV * Develop state-of-the-art RV training program * Transfer RV technology to client community. (2) Intelligence studies * Track foreign efforts (especially Warsaw Pact, PRC) * Provide estimates of threat potential. (S/NF) In designing the three-year program, it was recognized that effective use of RV technology as a routine intelligence-collection tool would require a number of elements to be in place, ranging from the establishment of personnel screening/selection procedures at the beginning to the development of a countermeasures technology at the other end, in order to prevent effective use of RV against U.S. interests. Therefore, at the outset, nine action-item areas were established. (1) Screening/selection (2) High-accuracy, high-reliability, multipurpose RV, including: * Complete knowledge concerning alternative targeting strategies, such as targeting by coordinates (CRV), pictures, ID numbers, and so forth. “(u) See, for example, the report by the Princeton University Engineering Anomalies Research Group under the leadership of the Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science (Reference 2). 6 Approved For Release 2003/09/)F CARE Ps-00788R001 800150001-7
(S/NF) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (U) Approved For Release 20ObGR EA appos-007e8R001 800150001-7 * Before-the-fact indicators of success, such as the use of physiological measures (e.g., audio analysis of session tapes), calibration trials, and so forth. Location/tracking "search" problem Training Routine operational RV procedures Evaluation techniques Data base management, integration, and dissemination Intelligence data base studies concerning foreign use Countermeasures, including: * Passive intrusion detection * Shielding, jamming, and remote perturbation. Program tasking was developed for each of the areas of interest on a prioritized basis. The specific tasking, along with the task-by-task budgeting, is shown in Figure 1. As can be seen in the figure, the primary focus was the development of RV training procedures, and this is the program effort addressed in this document. ” (U) The other areas of interest are addressed in separate reports. 7 Approved For Release 200stei fe RE Popes-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/09/SPE €4RxBAP6-00788R001800150001-7 THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS ra [| | RV ENHANCEMENT (TRAINING) ———_ an INTELLIGENCE STUDIES 287 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT | A 168 COUNTERMEASURES g 99 a ADMINISTRATION y 98 AUDIO ANALYSIS 70 TARGETING 54 SEARCH Y 45 OPERATIONAL RV Z 40 RV EVALUATION g 40 $1,476 K FIGURE 1 {(U) TASK BUDGETING FOR FISCAL YEARS 1981 TO 1983 SECRET 8 Approved For Release 2003/09 Eek #96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2009 PCR FAFRDP96-00788R001800150001-7 IV RV ENHANCEMENT/TRAINING (U) A. (U) General (S/NF) The primary focus in the three-year program was the development of RV enhancement/training procedures. The purpose was to determine whether RV reliability could be enhanced, and whether RV technology could be trans- ferred in a structured fashion to other individuals. [It was recognized that positive findings in either area would have great significance both with regard to potential foreign threat, and with regard to U.S. application. (S/NF) At the beginning of the three-year program (FY 1981), SRI, in conjunction with its sponsors, made a decision to develop and codify the most promising of the RV enhancement procedures that had emerged from the earlier SRI work. This was a six-stage coordinate remote viewing training procedure that was developed by one of SRI's consultants, Mr. Ingo Swann. The procedure focuses on improving the reliability of remote viewing by controlling those factors that tend to introduce noise into the RV product. The basic components of this procedure, derived empirically on the basis of a decade of investigation into the RV process, consist of * Repeated target-address (coordinate) presentation, with quick-reaction response by the remote viewer (to minimize imaginative overlays). « The use of a specially-designed, acoustic-tiled, featureless, homogeneously-colored viewing chamber (to minimize environmental overlays). « The adoption of a strictly-prescribed, limited interviewer patter (to minimize interviewer overlay). (S/NF) At this stage of near completion of the development, the RV training procedure was designed to proceed through six stages of pro- ficiency hypothesized to correspond to six stages of increased contact with the target site. In a given remote viewing session, an experienced remote viewer tends to recapitulate the six stages in order: 9 Approved For Release 2000 G R&B Ropss-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/0 ECR ET 95-00788R001800150001-7 (S/NF) Stage [--Major gestalt (mountain, city, land/water interface). Stage II--Sensory contact (cold/dry). Stage III--Dimension, motion, mobility (large mountain, panoramic view). Stage IV--Qualitative and quantitative aspects (technological, cultural, two buildings). Stage V--Specific analytical aspects, by interrogating signal line (radar tracking function, ABM defense). Stage VI--Three-dimensional contact (modeling, layouts, further analytical contact). (S/NF) As a measure of the progress made with the implementation of the six-stage training procedure, data sets were obtained (with the key SRI remote viewer) before and after exposure to the training program. The viewer was targeted on a series of randomly-selected locations from around the world for which good feedback existed (nonoperational targets). These tests were carried out under strict protocols, e.g., the use of a double- blind conditions (the monitor as well as the viewer were blind as to the target site) to prevent cueing. (U) The accuracy of the descriptions was assessed on the basis of a O-to-3-point accuracy rating scale, shown in Table 1, and the results are shown in Figure 2, The first data set, taken in 1973, shows that. the number of responses corresponding to a "hit"! (2 or above in the rating) was 22 percent. Over the intervening years, before initiation of the six- stage training procedure, no noticeable improvement was seen to occur with practice. (U) The second data set, taken after exposure to the training program, shows an increase from 22 to 66 percent in the number of responses rating a 2 or above--a threefold improvement. Thus, the evidence supports the inference that the training procedure is efficacious in improving the accuracy and reliability of the RV function. 10 Approved For Release 2003/09/40 €/4RHBA6-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Releegnpeeas SPRFHE S007 88ROO" 800150001-7 TT ed « e en op 68008 68 68 e ACCURACY RATING @ @6e een nee 6 00 Gene FOES 20 o wetee 8 0808 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 TRIAL NUMBER NUMBER/RATING BIN (a) BEFORE — BASELINE DATA, VIEWER A C2 00 6 08 C8 Ce COME F e seo mee 8 6 ACCURACY RATING Le tirtiti ts titi tite 80 r:titit sts 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 90 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 UNCLASSIFED TRIAL NUMBER NUMBER/RATING BIN (b) AFTER — TRAINING EVALUATION DATA, VIEWER A FIGURE 2. (U) BEFORE AND AFTER COMPARISON OF RV DATA SETS 11 Approved For Releakg Pob€idofy $S4 Rib b400788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release LINC LA'S STE rRo 1 8001 S0001-7 Table 1 (U) O-TO-3-POINT ACCURACY RATING SCALE FOR TARGET/TRANSCRIPT CORRESPONDENCE } | Level of Correspondence Definition Little or no correspondence Self-explanatory. "A miss." Some correspondence Mixture of correct and incorrect elements. Enough of the former to indicate possible "access" to the site, although chance cannot be ruled out. "Ambiguous." Good correspondence Good description with several elements matching, but some incorrect informa-~ tion. "A hit." Excellent correspondence Excellent description. Unambiguous, unique matchable elements, with rela- tively little incorrect information. "Excellent hit." UNCLASSIFIED B. (U) Training by Stages l. (U) Rationale (U) The key to the lower stages of the RV process (see Section IV-A) is the recognition that the major problem with naive attempts to remote view is that the attempt to visualize a remote site tends to stimulate memory and imagination, usually in visual image forms. As the viewer becomes aware of the first few data bits, there appears to be a largely spontaneous and undisciplined attempt to extrapolate and "fill in the blanks.'' This is presumably driven by a need to resolve the ambiguity associated with the fragmentary nature of the emerging perception. The result is a premature internal analysis and interpretation on the part of the remote viewer. (For example, an impression of an island is immediately interpreted as Hawaii.) We call this Analytical Overlay (AOL). (U) Our investigation of these overlay patterns leads to a model of RV functioning, shown schematically in Figure 3. With the application 12 Approved For Release kgo>@ip A'S §4 FopFo}s8R001800150001-7
Approved For Releayg NCR ssiInFiED 800150001-7 SIGNAL, NOISE SIGNAL x THRESHOLD ee ee OF AWARENESS “FILL-IN-THE-~BLANKS" OVERLAYS 4 STIMULUS STIMULUS UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 3 (U) SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF REMOTE VIEWER RESPONSE TO CRV SITUATION (U) "stimulus" (e.g., the reading of a coordinate), there appears to be a momentary burst of "signal" that enters into awareness for a few seconds, then fades away. The overlays appear to be triggered at this point to fill in the void. Success in handling this complex process requires that a remote viewer learn to "grab" incoming data bits while simultaneously attempting to control the overlays. Stage I and Stage II training are de- signed specifically to deal with this requirement. 2. (U) Stage I (U) In Stage I, the viewer is trained to Provide a quick-reaction response to the reading of the site coordinates by the monitor. The response takes the form of an immediate, primitive "squiggle" on the Paper (called an ideogram), which is designed to capture an overall motion/feeling of the gestalt of the site (e.g., wavy/fluid for water). Note that this response is essentially kinesthetic, rather than visual. (U) Once Stage I has been brought under control by the viewer, Stage II training is initiated. "Under control" means that the viewer has been observed to Pass through a performance curve of the type shown in Figure 4, which typically applies to skills learning. Certain objective 13 : Approved For Rel4gb Gog § $1 RBHBp-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release CRICE KS SUPPL LI ERO 1800 150001-7 SPONTANEOUS “FIRST-TIME” EFFECTS DECLINE EFFECT LEARNING PHASE yoo PLATEAU ESTABLISHED PERFORMANCE MEASURE (e.g, SCORING RATE) UNCLASSIFIED TIME > FIGURE 4 (U) IDEALIZED PERFORMANCE-OVER-TIME CURVE (U) performance measures, such as number of session elements or number of coordinate iterations required to reach closure on site description, are tracked to determine progress along the performance curve. Figure 5 shows a representative curve of this type for one of the Stage I trainees. 3. (WU) Stage II (U) In Stage II, the viewer is trained to become sensitive to physical sensations associated with the site, i.e., sensations he might experience if he were physically located at the site (heat, cold, wind, sounds, smells, tactile sensations, and so forth). Again, this response is essentially nonvisual in nature (although color sensations may arise as a legitimate Stage II response). In both training stages, visual images may emerge spontaneously, of course. In that case they are not suppressed, but simply noted and labeled as AOLs. 14 Approved For Release 2009S} @ 1cA 5 bF-bEB9R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 20090B eC RE POP 96-00788R001800150001-7 0 Q gy = 7 0.43 (P = 1.7 X 10°) P (SLOPE) < 2.5 X 1072 40 30 7) = SPONTANEOUS s _ RESPONSE im . > | 5 a 20 [ [74] 1 an ce uJ a s 2 = 0 | | | | | | | | 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 UNCLASSIFIED TRIAL NUMBER FIGURE 5 (U) TRAINING PERFORMANCE FOR STAGE I TRAINEE 4. (U) Stage III (S/NF) Whereas in Stages I and II viewing, data appear to emerge (typically) as fragmented data bits, in Stage III, we observe the emergence of a broader concept of the site. With Stage I and Stage II data forming a foundation, contact with the site appears sufficinetly strengthened that the viewer begins to have an overall appreciation of the site as a whole (which we label “aesthetic impact"). Dimensional aspects such as size, distance, and motion begin to come into play, resulting in configurational outlines and sketches (see layout off in Appendix A). SG1 5. (U) Stage IV (S/NF) Because of the apparent increased contact with the site that occurs in Stage III, a "widening of the aperture" as it were, data of 15 Approved For Release 2068h@R Eif-RDP96-00788R001800150001-7
SG1A Approved For Release 2003/094 @ 4 6-00788R001800150001-7 SECRET (S/NF) an analytical nature begin to emerge. This follow-on process constitutes Stage IV in our nomenclature. Contained in Stage IV data are elements that go beyond the strictly observational--such as ambience (military, religious, technical), cultural factors (Soviet, Muslim, nomadic), and function or purpose (radar, power generation, BW research, missile storage--see, for example response, Appendix A). Stage IV viewing is there- fore the crossover point into operational functioning with its associated potential intelligence value. 6. (U) Stage V (U) Throughout Stage IV, data are extracted from the signal line as it emerges; an attempt to force the process by "probing" or "questioning" the signal line usually results in triggering AOLs. In Stage V, special techniques to carry out this function without deleterious effects are introduced. The techniques, although isolated, are still in R&D, with regard to developing the proper format for technology transfer. 7. (U) Stage VI (S/NF) In Stage VI, the remote viewer utilizes construction materials of various types (e.g., clay modeling, poster paper layouts) to develop a three-dimensional "feel" of the site. (see[ response, SG1 Appendix A.) It needs to be understood, however, that the use of such A materials is not simply an attempt to render a more exact representation of the site than can be done verbally, or by means of drawings. Rather, the kinesthetic activity appears to both quench AOL formation associated with purely cerebral processes, and to act as a trigger to produce further analytical content of the site--even concerning aspects not being specifi- cally addressed by the modeling. This empirically-derived process, though not yet fully understood, appears quite productive. 16 Approved For Release 2003/09/16 G@-ROEIp-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 200 Ah) ws DP96-00788R001800150001-7 pp SECRET om (U) Experimental Design, Protocols, Methodology ES TEN, Protocols, Methodology (U) The experimental design for the R&D and technology transfer effort in remote viewing consists of three phases: * Preparation phase - Experimental design - Site selection, handling of materials - Environmental setting * Data generation phase ~ Monitor/viewer protocols - Feedback variables * Analysis phase - Session structure - Site/transcript correlation - Statistical evaluation. (S/NF) In general, the above variables differ for the three types of remote viewing sessions carried out on the program; designated Classes C, B, and A, they are * Training sessions (Class C) * Evaluation/confirmation sessions (Class B) * Operational sessions (Class A). (U). As far as the trainees are concerned, the preparatory phase consists primarily of a series of lectures by a training monitor, in which the principles of the stages are thoroughly discussed. In addition, a number of practical exercises are carried out, such as drills in sketching , exercises in listing possible sensations one could experience at a site, and so forth. Trainees are also required to write essays on various elements of the training procedure so that the training monitor can ascertain whether the basic principles are understood. (U) A second aspect of preparation is the generation of target materials. In the case of training (Class CG) and evaluation (Class B) sessions, an SRI analyst charged with this responsibility prepares target folders, each of which consists of the listing of the site coordinates (latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds) plus some form 17 Approved For Release 206 PE R:Ef-RDP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/0 fl 96-00788R001800150001-7 SECRET (U) of feedback materials. Sites/feedback materials consist of > 5000 map sites (U.S.G.S. Series E maps, G.N.1.5.; Army Map Agency maps; World Aeronautical Charts; atlases), and > 1500 National Geographic magazine sites. These materials are continually updated. (S/NF) For operational sessions (Class A), site selection target materials, and the like, are under the control of the project COTR or other client representative, and typically vary from task to task de- pending on the requirement. (U) The monitor/viewer protocols and feedback variables for the data generation phase, and the forms of analysis applied in the analysis phase for the three classes of sessions are summarized in Table 2. (U) In Class C training sessions, the monitor is nonblind, i.e., knowledgeable of the site, and will use this information to provide feedback as the session progresses, tutoring the viewer on various aspects of his/her performance. Such sessions cannot be used directly (in a proof-of- principle sense) as measures of RV performance because of cueing inherent in the feedback. The number of training sessions in this mode can be quite large (e.g., to date, 684 for Key Viewer #002). (U) Class B sessions, as contrasted with Class C sessions, are carried out in a double-blind fashion (the monitor as well as the viewer are blind to the site; no intrasession feedback as cueing possibilities exists). Thus, the results of such sessions can be subjected to analysis in order to evaluate RV performance. Class B sessions are interspersed with training sessions to provide benchmarks for RV performance. To date, 92 such sessions were carried out with the Key Remote Viewer #002, over the course of training; these sessions comprise the data base for the evaluation provided in Figure 2(b). (U) The statistical basis for the evaluation provided in Figure 2(a) is as follows. In a previous study® the RV results of six individuals providing six samples each (for a total of 36 trials) were analyzed by two methods. One was a double-blind ranking of the so-called Scott's method type, 18 Approved For Release 2003/09/16; &@-ROEIp-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 200ORC RE TOPE 00788R001800150001-7 Table 2 (U) PROTOCOLS Used in training sessions * Monitor is knowledgeable of the site; therefore session carried out under nonblind conditions. * Intrasession feedback given to facilitate learning process. * Session results do not stand alone as proof-of-principle because of cueing possibilities, * Evaluation of RV results inapplicable; performance curve measures, e-g-, number of coordinate iterations required, only. Used in confirmation, evaluation. * Monitor is blind to site. * Feedback given only post-session. Statistical techniques applicable to RV accuracy assessment. Used in operational RV, simulations. * Monitor is blind in majority of cases; nonblind analysts or ob- servers occasionally present. * Feedback conditions variable, depending on task requirements. * Evaluation techniques as determined by user. SECRET /NOFORN 19 Approved For Release 20836 @iR: EIR-RDP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/09¢ig CREF 22 00788R001 800150001-7 (U) standardly used in RV evaluation; the other involved use of a O-to-7-point nonblind accuracy rating scale (a more finely-graded version of the 0-to- 3-point scale given in Table l of this report). Comparison of the two methods showed a statistically significant correlation (p = 5 x 107), indicating that the use of the easier-to-apply nonblind accuracy rating scales provides objective measures of RV performance. (U) For a more detailed analysis of transcripts on a concept-by- concept basis, a finer-grained analysis procedure has been used on selected samples from the same series of Class B results; these are reported elsewhere.® (S/NF) The protocols for Class A operational sessions are highly variable, depending on the requirement. Typically, the monitor is blind, so that an assessment of RV performance can be made on an objective basis. In some cases, however, an analyst who is knowledgeable of the site may at some point provide partial feedback to the monitor (and, sometimes, the viewer as well) in order to focus the viewer on some aspect relating to the overall requirement. Thus, a series of scans may be carried out partially under Class B and partially under Class C conditions. The results must therefore be carefully analyzed on a case-by-case basis in order to determine the quality of RV performance. Operational RV is discussed in more detail in the following section. “(U) See, for example, discussion in H. Puthoff et al., "Experimental Psi Research: Implications for Physics," in The Role of Consciousness in the Physical Universe, Ed. R. Jahn, Westview Press, Boulder, CO (1981). 20 Approved For Release 2003/09/1§ feG Rue -00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 200G PMR EATROPI6-00788R001800150001-7 V OPERATIONAL RV TASKS (U) A. (U) Operational RV Tasking (S/NF) To meet program objectives, one of SRI's tasks is to investi- gate U.S. capabilities in applied RV, both to determine the potential for application in U.S. efforts, and to provide data that are useful in assessing the threat potential of corresponding Soviet applications. In response to this requirement, SRI has pursued application tasks that were of interest to the intelligence community, and has contributed RV-derived data in response to quick-reaction requirements set by representatives monitoring the progress of the work. B. (U) RV Session Format (S/NF) The format for performing these tasks is as follows. A request for information concerning a target site is transmitted by the SG1J client to the DIA representative] the Joint Service Program COTR in residence at SRI. He then provides targeting information (e.g., coordinates) to an SRI RV session monitor at the start of a session. This monitor then works with a remote viewer to obtain data. In this format, SRI personnel are kept blind to the source of the request, and to the type of site or event of interest. In some cases, the COTR or other client representative is present in the RV chamber during the RV session, or may observe the session from outside on a video monitor. Cc. (U) Pre- and Post-Operational Task Calibration woes ane aostqwperational task Calibration (S/NF) In an effort to determine whether a remote viewer is "on line! before attempting an operational task, a presession calibration trial is carried out on a site for which feedback materials (e.g., National Geographic magazines, travel brochures) are available to the session monitor. If the results indicate a useful level of RV functioning, the operational task is engaged; if not, the task is aborted. In like fashion, 21 Approved For Release 2049/f2d & 4-RDP96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/0@ PP COQ PAP 96-00788R001800150001-7 (S/NF) a postsession calibration trial is performed in an attempt to provide some check on whether the viewer remained "on line" during the operational task. D. (U) FY 1983 Operational RV Sites (S/NF) The tasks carried out during FY 1983 are listed in Table 3. Three examples (JS 39, 40, and 41) showing the level of accuracy achieved are presented in Appendix A. Additional detailed data are provided in the operational Task Summary Sheets provided in Appendix B. Complete docu- mentation is available through proper security channels on a need-to-know basis. E. (U) Evaluation of the Operational RV Task (U) Evaluation protocols were developed for use by analysts to provide numerical estimates of various aspects of the RV product generated in operational RV tasks. The returned protocols constitute (1) the basis for contractor evaluation, (2) a feedback to the remote viewer, and (3) an input for the computerized data-base management (DBM). The evaluation protocols submitted to the analysts for their completion are provided in Appendix CGC. (S/NF) The accuracy of the operational RV products was assessed by DIA analysts in accordance with the 0-to-3-point accuracy scale included in the evaluation protocols. (This scale is essentially the same as that presented in Table 2). The accuracy assessment for each site is included in Table 3. (S/NF) As a further assessment tool, a rigorous analysis of five sites viewed by RVer #002 under similar operational conditions (JS 36, 37, 40, 41, and 42) was carried out to determine the probability of such results by chance. Each of the given transcripts was blind-matched against both the intended target site, and the other four that were serving as substitute sites. The result was that the sites were sufficiently well described to yield correct target/transcript pairings in every case--a result 22 Approved For Release 2003/09/ EqARIEP$6-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2008) Cpe FApROP96-00788R001800150001-7 Table 3 (S) OPERATIONAL RV TASKS (FY 1983) SG1A (S/NF) whose probability of cccurring by chance (p = 1/5!) is less than one in one hundred. The subjective impressions of high-quality remote viewing are thus substantiated by objective blind assessment procedures. * (U) For a 5 x 5 forced-choice match, the probability of no error is given by p = 1/5! = 8.33 x 107°. 23 Approved For Release 208 £1 Bi4-RDP96-00788R001800150001-7
SG1A Approved For Release 2003/099 EC! Pf 96-00788R001800150001-7 (S/NF) With regard to progress over the three-year program as a whole, the most advanced viewer, from whom the most data was obtained (18 sites), provided enough data to arrive at reasonable conclusions. Overall, using the O-to-3-point accuracy rating scale, intelligence analysts assigned "hit" ratings (2 or above) to eight out of eighteen (44 percent) of the RV responses. (S/NF) We can make the following observations concerning the appli- cation of RV to operational tasks of intelligence significance. Many variables exist that cannot be controlled (type of information, targeting method, timing of session, and the like), and few operational remote viewing tasks are carried out under the same conditions. Feedback in operational contexts is often limited, making evaluation difficult. Furthermore, limited or nonexistent feedback has an unknown effect on data quality. Task significance is an important motivating factor for the remote viewers and can significantly affect data results. Other factors that influence RV data include the fact that site complexity results in diverse data; configuration data are better than analytic, and general data are better than specific. The types of RV data obtained vary with the individual, as in any HUMINT reporting. Keeping these factors in mind, we find that data generated by remote viewers are often of high quality and, provided it is appropriately integrated into the intelligence data mix, can be of significant utility. Examples of successful operational remote viewings generated during the three-year program include 24 Approved For Release 2003/09/19 EG Ribede-00788R001 800150001-7
Approved For Release 206 PERE F R0P96-00788R001800150001-7 VI. SUMMARY (U) A. (U) Training (S/NF) The RV Reliability, Enhancement, and Evaluation Program de- scribed in this document has been focused on the development of RV pro- cedures that can be transmitted to others in a structured fashion, i.e., training procedures. At the beginning of the DIA Joint Services Integrated Program, SRI International, in conjunction with its sponsors, made a de- cision to develop and codify the most promising RV training procedure that had emerged from the earlier SRI work. The procedure focuses on improving the reliability of remote viewing by controlling those factors that tend to introduce noise into the RV product. The RV training procedure is designed to proceed through six stages of proficiency, corresponding to six stages of increased contact with the target site. Blind testing of the key SRI remote viewer before and after exposure to the training program shows a threefold increase (from 22 to 66) in percentage of trials indicating contact with prescribed target sites. B. (U) Trainee Progress (S/NF) To date, twelve individuals have been enrolled in the training program including three representatives from the intelligence community. All are progressing satisfactorily through the training stages. Their present status is shown in Figure 6. C. (U) RV Characteristics (S/NF) Examination of the output of RV efforts permits one to draw certain conclusions about RV characteristics in general. They are * Descriptive material about remote locations can be obtained that exceeds chance correlation. + The quality of description appears to be relatively insensitive to distance or shielding. 25 Approved For Release 200$ds4oRdmiRpp9s-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/09/18 ECR PTE 00788R001800150001-7 STAGES TRAINEES KEY RESEARCH CONSULTANT 1978 TO 1983 FIRST GROUP (EXPERIENCED RVers) 1980 TO 1982 SECOND GROUP (INEXPERIENCED RVers) 1981 TO 1983 1982 TO 1983 SPONSOR’S CANDIDATES SPONSOR ' CANDIDATE - 1983 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 6 (U) TRAINEE PROGRAM STATUS/ACCOMPLISHMENTS (S/NF) * Detailed analysis of the patterns of correct/incorrect response elements indicates that the laws governing remote viewing are not askew to, but correlate with those laws governing - Cerebral (brain) functioning, specialization, and cognitive processes in general. - Subliminal perception in particular. D. (U) Operational RV (S/NF) In response to operational requirements set by intelligence community representatives monitoring the progress of the work, remote viewing by SRI and SRI-trained client personnel has, in many cases, pro- vided useful descriptions of, for example, East-Bloc targets that are of 26 Approved For Release 2003/09/$pE €/4XBA6-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2009840 RGiAJRDP96-00788R001800150001-7 (S/NF) interest to the intelligence community. Evaluation of the results by appropriate intelligence community specialists indicates that by this process, a remote viewer is able to generate useful data corroborated by other intelligence assets. As is generally true with other human sources, the information is fragmentary and imperfect, and is best utilized in con- junction with other sources. Nonetheless, data generated by the RV process appear to exceed any reasonable bounds of chance correlation or acquisition by ordinary means and are therefore considered to constitute an exploitable information source. Documentation for these conclusions can be found in the following references: "Project Grill Flame wr[ et al., Defense Intelligence Agency, Document No. SRI/GF- , January 1983, SECRET/NOFORN/WNINTEL. "Project Grill Flame Operational Tasks (os | et al., Defense Intelligence Agency, Document No. SRI/GF-0236, January 1983, SECRET/NOFORN/WNINTEL. "House Appropriations Committee Defense Subcommittee GDIP Budget Overview (U)," Testimony by Dr. J. Vorona, DDS&T1, Defense Intelligence Agency, 12 ‘April 1983, SECRET/NOFORN/WNINTEL/ORCON. "Memorandum on Grill Flame Activity (U),'" R. DeLauer, USDRE, 19 January 1983, SECRET/NOFORN/GRILL FLAME. E. (U) Key Findings (S/NF) The key findings of the Grill Flame RV Enhancement effort were * Evidence continues to accumulate, in our laboratory and elsewhere, that remote viewing is a real phenomenon, and is not degraded by distance or shielding. * Evidence gathered to date permits the tentative conclusion that remote viewing abilities can be developed by appropriate training procedures. * Analysis by intelligence specialists indicates that remote viewing has potential for U.S. intelligence applications. At this stage of development, descriptive content (e.g., sketches, configurations) appears to be more reliable than analytic content (e.g., function, complex technical data), but steady progress is being made on the latter. 27 Approved For Release 200945 4aRdtalropss-00788R001800150001-7 SG1J SG1J
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SG1A Approved For Release 2003/0er RE poc-co7eer001 800150001-7 Date 4 November 1982; 0900-0915 (Scan 1), 1139-1150 (Scan 2) Series DIA Target No. JS #35 Target | | Remote Viewer #002 Interviewer H. Puthoff Beacon(s) CRV (Coordinate Remote Viewing) ; , , , SG1J Comments: 1. Coordinate supplied to interviewer Puthoff bf | (DIA) at beginning of session, Scan l. 2. Remote viewer and interviewer blind as to target location and target activity of interest. 3. Pre- and post-session calibration experiments with known target material (Lake Champlain, NY, and Herodian, Jerusalem for pre-; Boston for post-) indicated RVer "on-line" for Scan 1. Post-op (only) for Scan 2 (Dhaulagui Mt., Nepal) indicated RVer "on-line" for Scan 2. NE ) H, E, Puthoff, Ph.D., Radio Physics Laboratory 43 SRI international 333 Ravenswood Ave. ¢ Menlo Park, CA 94025 © +415) 326-6200 « TWX: 910-373-1246 © TELEX: 334463 © Facsimile: 1415) 326-5512 Approved For Release 2003/94 € Rif-DP96-00788R001800150001-7
SG1A Approved For Release 2003/0940 St Satbp96-00788R001800150001-7 Date 8 November 1982, 0827 (Scan 3) Series DIA Target No. JS #35 Target | | Remote Viewer #002 Interviewer H. Puthoff Beacon(s) CRV (Coordinate Remote Viewing) Comments: 1. Continuation of JS #35, begun on 4 November 1982 2. Remote viewer and interviewer blind as to target location and target activity of interest. 3. Pre- and post-session calibration experiments with known target material (Washington, D.C.; Mt. Logan, Yukon Territory; Lake George, New York and Pico Bolovar, Venezuela, respectively) indicated remote viewer "on-line." 4. Viewer described technical-facility-type of site, but with little detail this scan. NF , H, E. Puthoff, Ph.D., Radio Physics Laboratory 44 SRI international 333 Ravenswood Ave. ¢ Menlo Park, CA 94025 © (415) 326-6200 © TWX: 910-373-1246 © TELEX: 334463 © Facsimile: (4151 326-5512 Approved For Release 2003/0 PC FV EXPP26-00788R001800150001-7
SG1A Approved For Release 200384 Rut Sopec-co7seR001800150001-7 AT Nae fZfITNVN™N international aN Date 5 November 1982, 0808-0915 (Scan 1) Series DIA Target No. JIS #36 a a A Target | Remote Viewer #002 Interviewer H. Puthoff Beacon(s) CRV (Coordinate Remote Viewing) Comments: 1. Coordinate supplied to interviewer Puthoff by| Jota. SG1J 2. Remote viewer and interviewer blind as to target location and target activity of interest. 3. Pre-, mid-, and post-session calibration experiments with known target material (Fuji volcano, Japan; Sao Paulo and Istanbul; Mt. Holmes, Wyoming) indicated viewer "on-line," although at somewhat diminished capacity. 4. Viewer described a multifunction complex with possible atomic, communications, and espionage functions. NE : H, E. Puthoff, Ph.D., Radio Physics Laboratory 45 SRI international 333 Ravenswood Ave. * Menio Park, CA 94025 © 1415) 326-6200 « TWX: 910-373-1246 * TELEX: 334463 © Facsimile: (415) 326-5512 Approved For Release 2003/68 © READP96-00788R001800150001-7
SG1A Approved For Release 2003/0996 ei Po6-00788R001800150001-7 Date 9 November 1982, 1008-1031 (Scan 2) Series DIA Target No. JS #36 Target | Remote Viewer #002 Interviewer H. Puthoff Beacon(s) CRV (Coordinate Remote Viewing) Comments: 1. Continuation of JS #36, begun 5 November 1982. 2. Remote viewer and interviewer blind as to target location and target activity of interest. 3. Pre- and post-session calibration experiments with known target material (Mt. Cook, New Zealand; Vienna, Austria, respectively) indicated viewer "on-line." 4. Viewer described technical facility involving some kind of radiation. Nf (athe H, E. Puthoff, Ph.D,, Radio Physics Laboratory 46 SRI international 333 Ravenswood Ave. ¢ Menlo Park, CA 94025 © 1415) 326-6200 » TWX: 910-373-1246 @ TELEX: 334463 Facsimile: (415) 326-5512 Approved For Release 2003/09 E CR BP 96-00788R001800150001-7
Approved For Release 2003/8 RE p9s-00788R001800150001-7 ee 2 |S “Zi TNN™N International WNL L/S Date 17 November 1982, 0900 (Scan 3) Series DIA Target No. JIS #36 SG1A Target | | Remote Viewer #002 Interviewer H. Puthoff Beacon(s) CRV (Coordinate Remote Viewing) Comments: 1. Continuation of scans carried out on 11/5/82 and 11/9/82. 2. Remote viewer and interviewer blind as to target location and target activity of interest. 3. Presession calibration experiments with known target material, Mt. Rainier, Wash; Paris, France, indicated remote viewer “on-line to start. Viewer encountered difficulty with analytical overlays in attempt to view site, and post- session calibration check with known target material (Caspian Sea) indicated viewer "off-line," indicating that material of Scan 3 must be taken as likely inaccurate. H. E. Puthoff, Ph.D,, Radio Physics Laboratory 47 SRI international 333 Ravenswood Ave. e¢ Mento Park, CA 94025 @ 1415) 326-6200 e TWX: 910-373-1246 © TELEX: 334463 ¢ Facsimile: (415) 326-5512 Approved For Release 200,/ GEC: RREAPP96-00788R001800150001-7