Approved For Release 20 Celia rilenilia 078 7R000500150001-2 I OBJECTIVE (U) (S) The purpose of this program was to provide a basis for assess- ing psychoenergetic processes as an advanced threat technology that could be in development by the USSR.» Psychoenergetic processes include: (1) The acquisition and description, by mental means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding and generally believed to be secure against such access, (2) The production of physical effects such as the perturbation of equipment or instrumentation that appears to be well shielded against, or otherwise inaccessible to, human influence, (8) This study was undertaken to determine -the state of the art, to identify key development trends and technical parameters, and to provide indicators that suggest particular advanced-threat-related applications, (U) There has been no attempt in this program to emphasize basic research, nor to attempt development of specific applications, Further- more, since funding levels were limited, extensive proof of the phenomena under study was not intended, However, basic evaluation guidelines were established as an aid in forming judgements on the apparent degree of success, or lack of success, of the various types of investigations. Some investigations were more amenable to “(C) Evidence that such development is taking place is documented in a series of intelligence community documents, “oF ond attention has been called to this area by the U.S. Intelligence Board's (USIB) Scientific and Technical Intelligence Committee (STIC) in a document entitled "Views on Emerging Areas of Science and Technology Potentially Important to National Security (Cc),'"” toy) References are listed at the end of this document, 1 Approved For Release LEB ORE FROPI6-00787R000500150001-2
- Approved For ee SUINCLA SSIFIED (U). statistical verification; others involved subjective as well as objec- tive judgements. There is generally a lack of agreement as to what constitutes sufficient proof of a particular paranormal phenomena, and this effort did not attempt to develop specific tasks to provide proof of such phenomena which would be satisfactory to all readers. However, insights gained from these investigations are considered to be of value in evaluating potential gains as well as potential difficulties that | could be experienced by possible Warsaw Pact development in this area, 2 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED
Approved For Release 20 ep eee eieh ALi RO00S00150001-2 II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (U) A. Definition (U) (U) Recent publications in both the open and classified literature provide mounting evidence for the existence of so-called “parapsycho- logical," "paraphysical," or "psychoenergetic" processes. These processes include; (1) The acquisition of information not presented to any obvious sense, These are perceptual processes that act as information input to a human subject (remote viewing, telepathy, dowsing, etc.). (2) The production of physical effects not mediated by any obvious mechanism, These are perturbation (psychokinetic) processes that act as action output from a human subject (the generation of fields, temperature changes, mechanical forces, physiological effects, etc.). B, Psychoenergetic Processes (U) (U) A breakdown of the various psychoenergetic processes of interest is shown in Table 1. A matrix or "road map" of the various areas under current investigation in our laboratory and elsewhere is shown in Table 2, Its structure reflects the three major areas of activity: * Cataloging the characteristics of the phenomenon, such as resolution, reliability, bit rate, effects of shielding, etc., including investigation of various models (€. 86, electromagnetic), ¢ Ascertaining the correlates of paranormal functioning that may lead to screening and training (psychological conditions, medical profiling, environmental factors, etc.),. * Determining application potential with regard to: alternate communications systems, enhanced environmental monitoring (near and far), application to information security processes, enhanced man/machine interactions, etc. 3 Approved For Release 20GB 2D EUERBP 96-00787R000500150001-2
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CHARACTERISTICS SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RESOLUTION (Tarnet Size CHARACTERISTICS, ANALYSIS, AND THEORY MECHANISM-INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS —l— INFORMATION THEORY, CODING (Bit Rate, Redundancy Required, Message Transmission, Judging Techniques) RELIABILITY (Subject Confidence, fnadinn MECHANISMS PSYCHOPHYSICS ANALOGS TO BRAIN-HEMISPHERIC ORDINARY LOCALIZATION PERCEPTION (Perceptual Tasks Paralleling Ordinary Perception) ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECTS (ELF Beacons, Jamming, Submersible Shielding, Propagation Velocity) TARGETING (Geographic Coordinates, Rinarinhircal QUANTUM MECHANICS (Non-locality, Quantum- EXPERIMENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOENERGETIC PROCESSES PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES {EEG, GSR, EMG) STRAIN GAUGE EXPERIMENTS NOISE PERTURBATION (Radioactive Decay, ABE VEd ForRelease 2063/95/09 Interconnectedness, Holographic) SHIELDING (Electromagnetic and Other) (Computer-Controiled and Seared Versts Electronic Noise) MULTI-DIMENSIONAL (Complex Space/Time) (Psychological Fartors PSY CHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES PSYCHOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATIONAL MEDICAL FACTORS PROCEDURES PROFILING (Sensory Deprivation, Altered States, Stress Environments, Experimenter Effects [Psychological Factors, Psi/Anti-psi Syndrome}) SCREENING TRAINING (Children (Feedback, Identical Reinforcement, Twins, Target the Blind) Optimization) : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 APPLICATION ENHANCED ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION MONITORING ALTERNATE COMMUNICATIONS CAPABILITIES GENERATION OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SECURITY PROCESSES ENHANCED HUMAN/MACHINE INTERACTIONS CREATION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS NEW APPLICATIONS IN SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY ECONOMICS POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS TO SATELLITE AND INTERPLANETARY COMMUNICATIONS ALTERNATE MEDICAL/ PSYCHOLOGICAL TREAT- MENT STRATEGIES PRODUCTION OF NEW EDUCATIONAL METHODS
Approved For Release apd oY a | —_ Cc. SRI Work (U) (U) In order to meet the objectives of this program, SRI investi- gators have for the last six years been concentrating primarily on a particular human information-accessing capability that we call "remote viewing.'' This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access and describe, by means of mental processes, information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding, and generally believed to be secure against such access. This has included the ability of sub- jects to view remote geographical locations, even at intercontinental distances, given only geographical coordinates or a known person on whom to target, (S) The remote viewing abilities of several subjects have been developed to the point where they can describe--often in great detail-- geographical and technical material such as natural formations, roads, buildings, interior laboratory apparatus, and real-time activities, These experiments have included successful viewings of solid-propellant missile static test firings in the western U.S., the apparent detection of underground nuclear tests, and correct detailed descriptions of Soviet and East-bloc military facilities. These results are documented in this report, l. Advances of the Current Contract Period (U) ee ee ere reriod (U) Three major advances stand out in this year's effort with regard to work with our two experienced subjects, They are: (1) An observed increase in reliability of psychoenergetic functioning as a result of practice, to the point where the year's major effort in a long-distance remote viewing application resulted in data of high information content with little error. (2) The successful application of the remote viewing function as a communications (message-sending) medium, carried out in a semi-operational stress environment (submerged submarine), (3) An observed increase in spatial resolution discri- mination, to resolution on the order of a millimeter, These advances are illustrated in the following three examples, 7 Approved For Release atlas Sibeae 70-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 a, Example: Remote Viewing SG1A (S) As an example of remote viewing applied in a threat-assessment role, we present here in the Executive Summary a synopsis of an experi- ment described in detail in Section III. (S) A target site was selected by the project contract monitor and the coordinates (latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds) were passed to SRI investigators, No other data were provided. An SRI investigator read the coordinates to a subject and asked for his impressions of the site, In response the subject generated a drawing and narrated a description, which was tape recorded. The subject- generated data package was then transmitted to the project monitor for analysis, SG1A | (S) A table prepared by the contracting agency's evaluation team shows a comparison between some of the subject transcript data and intelligence data (Table 3). Additional detail is contained in a later section of this report, and a complete analysis is available through SI/SAO channels, The overall conclusion of the evaluation team is that the data provided are in such detail and of such high accuracy that the “(S) Additional backup data on the work summarized in this report (e.g., specific coordinates, intelligence sources used in evaluation, etc.) are available through the contracting agency and can be provided on a neéed-to-know basis, 8 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2
SG1A Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2
| Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 (8) possibility of chance or any other explanation may be disregarded, as the probability of so many high correlative elements is beyond comprehension.” We therefore find in this application-feasibility test that the subject was able to generate extensive detail confirmed by intelligence data.” | b, Example: Communication with a Submerged Submarine via _ the Remote-Viewing Channel (U) (U) As an example of remote viewing applied in a communication mode, we present here a synopsis of a second experiment described in further detail in Section IV. | | (U) The goal of the experiment was to determine whether it was possible to transmit a message to a submerged submarine via the remote- viewing channel. The test was designed to provide not only an oppor- tunity to determine the feasibility of psychoenergetic communication with an isolated individual, but also to provide data on the effects of environmental stress on psychoenergetic performance, and on the possible shielding effects of several hundred feet of sea water (known to be a good shield for all but the lowest frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum), | (U) As an overall calibration of the remote viewing process, against which specific examples such as the above can be gauged, we can take as a background data base a lengthy collection of 51 remote viewing trials collected over a several-year period with nine subjects, and published by the authors in Proc. IEEE.” In these trials subjects were targeted on local targets (bridges, swimming pools, theaters, airports, computers, machine shops, etc.) within a 20 km range of SRI. The method of targeting was that the subject "tracked" investigators who were to visit an unknown target site at a prearranged time. The proto- col for this standard remote-viewing experiment is given in Appendix A. The quality of the results was such that the judges, who had to determine in a blind fashion which subject-generated data packages (tape transcripts and drawings) were associated with which target sites, were able to blind-match transcripts to targets in roughly half the cases, Details are presented in Ref. 9. ate ray (U) Further calibration data are given in Appendix B. Presented there are key experiments in long-distance coordinate remote viewing generated for this program during the previous year, 10 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2 idee eiappataiains96-00787R000500150001-2 (U) The submersible used in the experiment was the Taurus, a five- man underwater vehicle manufactured by International Hydrodynamics Company Ltd. (HYCO) of Canada. During the experimentation discussed here, the submersible operated submerged in the waters near Santa Catalina Island, off the coast of southern California. (U) The protocol for the experiment was as follows. A series of six potential messages to be sent (see Table 4) was constructed in advance of the experiment. To each message was assigned a San Francisco Bay Area target location, To send a given message, a pair of investi- gators comprising a target demarcation team went at a prearranged time to the site linked to the particular message and remained there for 15 minutes. During this period a subject on-board the submersible, monitored by an investigator blind to the target pool, registered his impressions as to where the demarcation team was, 500 miles away, as per standard remote viewing protocol, Following the remote-viewing trial, the subject then consulted a list of potential targets (seen for the first time at this point), made a choice as to which target of the set he had described, and noted the associated message, Table 4 (S) MESSAGE SET (U) Remain submerged for two days Evasive plan six *Rendezvous at pickup point three Proceed to base one Standby alert on priority targets *Launch priority targets Messages sent via remote-viewing protocol, 11 Approved For Release 20QG PRG READ P96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 200 eee 078 7R000500150001-2 (U) Two experiments of this type were carried out, one each with two subjects. For this first experiment the submersible was at a depth of 170 m in water 340 m deep; for the second the submersible rested on the bottom in 80 m of water. In both cases the subjects rendered excellent descriptions of the target sites, and had no difficulty in choosing the correct target from the list of six potentials targets, Although the subjects indicated that they had experienced some degree of stress due to cramped conditions and seasickness, these environmental factors did not appear to affect the quality of performance deleteriously. Co Example: Resolution Studies (Objects Hidden in Metal Containers) (U) (W) In order to obtain an estimate of the resolution capability of the remote-viewing process, a subject was asked to render descriptions of objects hidden in small light-tight metal containers (35 mm film cans) located 1/8 mile distant from the subject, The location of the object was known to the subject only as being on the person of an investigator outbound to an unknown site, During the experiment no investigator involved in the study knew the target, the target canisters having been previously prepared and randomized by an investigator outside the project. (Uv) A sequence of ten trials were carried out, and the resulting subject transcripts and drawings were blind-matched to the targets by an independent judge with statistically significant results, Figure 1 shows the targets and responses for the first five trials. As indicated in the figure caption, the quotations accompanying the drawings are taken from the first paragraphs of the subject responses. These data indicate that the psychoenergetic channel functions with a spatial resolution down to at least the order of one millimeter. 26 Remote-Viewing State of the Art (U) (S) The more important results of our investigation to date can be summarized as follows: 12 Approved For Release 2003; : P96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For reid NG toh SLES 2 00787R000500150001-2 “IT'S DEFINITELY SOMETHING THIN AND LONG. .. WITH A NAIL HEAD AT THE SPOOL AND PIN END .. . SILVERED COLORED.” CURLED UP LEAF “A NAUTILUS SHAPE WITH A TAIL.” a on “LIKE A MINIATURE TOWER .. . SCALLOPED CAN OF SAND BOTTOM . . . LIGHT BEIGE." “LIKE A PENGUIN ... GREY AND BLACK AND WHITE ... POINTED OR SLIGHTLY ROUNDED OFF AT THE TOP ... OPEN OR POINTED AT GREY AND WHITE QUILL THE BOTTOM.” UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 1 TARGET OBJECTS IN METAL CONTAINERS. Captions under subject drawings are quotes from first paragraph of transcript. (U) Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED
(S) Approved For Release 20 Ee rcs 0P007180001-2 e Target acquisition--Subjects can acquire target site on the basis of the presence of a known person at the site; targeting by geographical coordinates without the presence of a known person at the site yields results comparable to those obtained in experiments in which a person known to the subject is used as a target. This observation offers evidence for goal-oriented as opposed to means-oriented interpretation of the "laws" that appear to govern psychoenergetic functioning, e Target attributes sensed--Descriptive aspects (shape, form, color, material) are described better than analytical concepts (function, name), although at times the latter come through excellently, Written target material is correct only occasionally. Alphabet targets are success- ful only statistically. In addition to visually observable detail, subjects sometimes report sounds, smells, electro- magnetic fields, and other phenomena that can be verified as existing at target locations, * Spatial and temporal resolution--The channel functions with spatial resolution down to at least one millimeter, Real- time activities at the target site are often perceived. Experiments have included successful real-time remote viewing of Minuteman and Poseidon static test firings in the western United States (with differentiation between successful firings and scrubs, and timing to within ten seconds). Ephemeral, rapid, or repetitive targets are more difficult. e Distance effects--Accuracy and resolution are not sensitive functions of subject-target distance over intercontinental distances, e Shielding--Faraday cage or sea water electrical shielding are not effective shields. ¢ Factors that appear to inhibit success in remote viewing-- These are a-priori subject knowledge of target possibili- ties, absence of feedback, application of the ability to trivial tasks (testing for the sake of testing), and use of repetitive target sequences, e Factors that appear to enhance success in remote viewing-- These are interest factors for the subject, a-priori necessity and relevancy for obtaining information (seriousness of purpose), the presence of a facilitating monitor to ask questions and direct the subject's attention, and practice with feedback, ¢ Accuracy and reliability--Analysis of remote-viewing tran- scripts generated by experienced subjects indicates that for a given target site roughly two-thirds of the subject- generated material constitutes an accurate description of 14 | Approved For Release 200, 96-00787R000500150001-2
(S) Approved For Release Z0s40p/98 ef48-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 the site, while about one-third is ambiguous, general, or incorrect. Repeatability of phenomena--Continuing demonstrations in this program, and replications in other laboratories,**-1* indicate that the capability known as "remote viewing" is a repeatable human perceptual ability. Distribution of psychoenergetic capacity in population-- Abilities appear widespread, though latent; volunteers with no previous history of psychoenergetic functioning exhibit ability in screening experiments, indicating that reliance on the availability of special subjects may not be necessary, Unknown, however, are the percentage of population trainable or with natural talent, the optimum screening procedures, and the medical or psychological profiles of good subjects, Threat potential--Remote viewing, through the use of geographical coordinates as designators, has in many cases provided meaningful descriptions of East-Bloc military facilities designated as targets by the sponsor; evaluation by appropriate intelligence community specialists indicates that a subject is able by this process to generate useful data corroborated by other intelligence data; as is generally true with human sources, the information is fragmentary and imperfect, and is therefore best utilized in conjunction with these other resources; nonetheless, the data generated by this process appears to exceed any reasonable bounds of chance correlation or acquisition by ordinary means, and therefore constitutes a potentially exploitable information source, 15 Approved For Release 20 DP96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release DosR pagiapapainiae 6-00787R000500150001-2 III LONG-DISTANCE COORDINATE REMOTE~VIEWING EXPERIMENTS (U) A. Introduction (U) (S) One of the primary objectives of this program is to provide a basis for evaluating various psychoenergetic capabilities. This is done specifically to assess the probability that such capabilities might be under development in the USSR as an advanced threat technique that could form the basis of future technological surprise, (S) To aid in this assessment a significant part of the study is devoted to evaluating application feasibility by examining U.S. capabili- ties, This assessment of application feasibility takes the form of our asking subjects in this program to view and describe remote sites chosen by the project's contract monitor as being sites of interest, such as U.S. missile test bays, Soviet military facilities, and so on, (U) Two procedures are used for targeting the subject on the site, In those cases where feasible, a person known to the subject is dispatched to the vicinity of the site and the subject is asked to target on that individual, who plays the role of a beacon--i.e., apparently acts as an aid in the focusing process, For those sites where deployment of a cooperative person to the site is not feasible, we employ an abstract targeting procedure developed in an earlier program.*° In this procedure the site coordinates (latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds) are relayed with no further information to the subject. The subject who is to view the site is asked simply to proceed on the basis of the coordinate alone. The materials generated in the experiment are then turned over to the project monitor for evaluation. (U) Admittedly, such an abstract targeting procedure seems without basis in logic (at least with regard to the present scientific paradigm), and we can make no claim for the technique other than the purely pragmatic one that it appears to work, We can only point out that in psychoener- getics research in general, the possibility of success in such an 17 Approved For Release ane A Gaetan 6-00787R000500150001-2
SG1A SG1A Approved For Release 200 a ceatepeipians-00787R000500150001-2 (U) experiment is in accord with the observed "goal-oriented" nature of the laws that appear to govern such functioning, B. East European Site (8) (C) To test the phenomenon of remote viewing as a practical intelli- gence- gathering technique, researchers at SRI International were given the geographic coordinates of a site by the contract monitor, The site was selected because of its intelligence interest and because there were sufficient data in the intelligence community to evaluate the results, It is important to remember that only the coordinates were provided. No other identifying or helpful information was supplied to SRI or the sub- ject, The coordinates remained locked in a safe at SRI until 5 January 1978, at which time they were withdrawn. | | background data were provided to SRI by the contract monitor after completion of the experiment, 18 Approved For Release 20 AS DG LD 00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2006@qRu@auiQafiitiaina 96 -00787R000500150001-2 SG1A (S) We therefore find in this application-feasibility test that the subject was able to generate a description containing extensive detail confirmed by other intelligence sources, C. USSR Sites (S) 1. General (U) (S) For a second test of remote viewing as practical intelligence- gathering technique, the project's contract monitor arrived at SRI with the coordinates for four (4) Soviet sites. (U) In the presence of the contract monitor] each of the four coordi- nates was read in turn to a subject by an SRI investigator blind to the targets. In response to each coordinate the subject spent about 15 minutes rendering sketches and noting down on paper his impressions of the site. Although there was little verbal interthange, the session was tape recorded in addition. 19 Approved For Release 2eeggdeQeeigebielemr 96 -00787R000500150001-2
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Approved For Release 100 alas 9078 7RON|SONIS00I-2 Table 5 (Concluded) (U) (S) SG1C (U) Following the initial hour's effort on the four sites, the the contract monitor examined the data generated by the subject and then asked for further detail on each response, SGIA fe (S) As an example of the level of detail obtained in this series SG1A of remote-viewing trials, we_present here some of the data obtained on the third of the four sites, SG1A [| (S) Upon being read the coordinates the subject's immediate verbal response was "Tt's a missile site."' He then proceeded to generate several pages of verbal transcript material and a series of sketches, which include an outline of the general area (Figure 3) and detail ona tall vertical structure (Figures 4 and 5). These can be compared with the intelligence source data shown in Figure 6, There does appear to be relevant correlation between some of the subject-generated data and certain key elements of the target site. A detailed analysis of the results of the experiment is available from the contracting agency and can be provided on a need-to-know basis. D. Headquarters, Strategic Air Command (SAC) (U) /(U) On 19 July 1977 the project's contract monitor carried out a remote-viewing experiment at SRI's Radio Physics Laboratory with one of the SRI subjects. The subject was under continuous observation by the contract monitor. No SRI investigators were present, 22 Approved For Release 2003 Ri rareseiss 0078 7R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2003 Teele 6-00 87R000500150001-2 (3) SMOKE STACKS (confirmed) (5) STAND OF PINE TREES (confirmed) ~] wy \ ee _—s ‘ ~ 41 (2) FENCE (confirmed) (1) HIGHWAY WITH INTERSECTION (confirmed) A. (18) LANDING STRIP _ . (confirmed) - — 7 — Va a Ay _ “ 6) FACTORY a \v a (confirmed) Ss es (7} SUBTERRANEAN (confirmed - mine) FA / . i / (6) STORAGE FACILITY (confirmed) \ FIGURE 2 SUBJECT SKETCH OF EAST EUROPEAN SITE (S) SECRET 23 Approved For Release 7 RAED 96-00 87R000500150001-2
| Approved For Release 2003/09/09 ; CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 TALL STRUCTURE SECRET | | FIGURE 3. SUBJECT SKETCH OF fs SG1A (wu) The particular site used in the experiment was kept blind to the contract monitor, having been chosen by a colleague of his, so the exper iment was of the double-blind type. The site coordinates were given to the subject by the contract monitor with no further elaboration. The subject was asked to note his impressions of the site in written form, including sketches. The response was turned over to the contract monitor in just under fifteen minutes, 24 Approved For Release ‘— ee hee P96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2000 DR CLR aii Reaaaie0 87R000500150001-2 LU 1 Rn or Ft k ‘i SECRET SGIA FIGURE 4 SUBJECT SKETCH OF PERSPECTIVE VIEWS Of DOMINANT STRUCTURE, (S) 25 Approved For Release 200@sf@@HRMELE RDP 96-001787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2005 em eaefates 920787 RO00500150001-2 SECRET SG1A FIGURE 5 SUBJECT SKETCH OF DETAIL ON DOMINANT STRUCTURE, (S) 26 Approved For Release 2003/ 9 P96-00787R000500150001-2
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Approved For Release 20057 PRR ano Pee 00 787 R000500150001-2 (C) The site chosen was later revealed to be the SAC Headquarters building, Offutt AFB, eight miles south of Omaha, Nebraska, Specifically, the coordinates given were those of a Minuteman Missile on display in front of the headquarters building (see Figure 7), (Cc) The subject's first response is shown in Figure 8. His initial impressions were of shapes: a cluster of three thin vertical objects on wide bases, and a single large tapered cylinder, These shapes do bear some resemblance tio features at the SAC HQ building target site, which has three antennas on the roof, and a Minuteman Missile on display in the front, /(U) The subject then rendered a plan view of the area as seen from the air (Figure 9). As is often the case, some resemblance between the target site and subject response can be discerned (lake to the southeast, runway to the northeast, segmented building with three structures on top and incline in front, etc.), but the subject's response is more sparse than the actual site (i.e., missing some structures) and contains ele- ments not confirmed (e.g., twin buildings to the south). Given the double-blind nature of the experiment and the essentially infinite pool of target possibilities, however, it is reasonable to conclude from Figures 7 through 9 that there is circumstantial evidence that some contact with the site location took place, In particular, it should be noted that there was no a priori reason for the subject to expect an airport target, and this main feature was discerned. E. | Underground Nuclear Test Detection (S) (8) During the course of the contractual period, occasional opportunities for unplanned long-distance remote-viewing experiments arise, Three such targets of opportunity occurred during the period covered by this report; these were detonations of underground nuclear devices in the Nevada desert, Participation by SRI Radio Physics Laboratory personnel in the activity provided an opportunity for verifi- cation of event timing, facility layout, and so forth. Subjects were instructed to view by coordinates during time windows of a half hour that bracketed the planned detonation times. 28 Approved For Release 200sgppeG@aheteetfmae-00787R000500150004-2
Approved For Relew@eQ@gepeppdepdeebehapap diediza2i2009500150001-2 CONFIDENTIAL FIGURE 7 SAC HQ BUILDING, OFFUTT AFB. Target coordinates given to subject were those of Minuteman missile on display. (C) UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 8 SUBJECT SKETCHES (U) 29 Approved For Re (Sia Co pe hte Seknesatetadaedh000500150001-2
Approved For Release 200 aA GeabBian 6-00787R000500150001-2 (S) The subjects were not told the nature of the event nor given detail on event time, The data generated by the subjects were descrip- tive of underground nuclear detonation, an abort was recognized as such, and considerable detail on site layout and conditions was generated, some of which has been verified as being correct, Evaluation of this data is still being carried out by Radio Physics Laboratory personnel who have access to site/event data. 30 Approved For Release 20 aaa eaia ee EHeRO 07 87R000500150001-2
Approved For Rel @3fodn § SiINFRDEd)00787R000500150001-2 IV LONG-DISTANCE REMOTE VIEWING FROM A SUBMERSIBLE In July of 1977 SRI carried out experiments in remote viewing from a submersible submerged in 500 ft of sea water, approximately 500 miles from the target site, The goal of the experiment was to determine whether it was possible to transmit a message to a submerged submarine via the remote-viewing channel. The test was designed to provide not only an opportunity to determine the feasibility of psychoenergetic communication with an isolated individual, but also to provide data on the effects of environ- mental stress on psychoenergetic performance, and on the possible shielding effects of several hundred feet of sea water (known to be a good shield for all but the lowest frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum). Neither the stress, nor distance, nor seawater attenuation appeared to degrade the quality of the remote-viewing function in any way. The submersible used in the experiment was the Taurus, a five-man underwater vehicle (see Figure 10) manufactured by International Hydrodynamics Company Ltd. (HYCO) of Canada, (The Taurus was made available to SRI by Mr. Stephan Schwartz of the Philosophical Research Society of Los Angeles, who had arranged for its use in an underwater archaeology experiment.) During the experimentation discussed here, the submersible operated submerged in the waters near Santa Catalina Island, off the coast of southern California. A. Communication Experiment The protocol for the experiment was as follows. A series of six potential messages to be sent [see Table 4 in the Executive Summary (Section II)] was constructed in advance of the experiment. To each message was assigned a target location in the San Francisco Bay Area, To send a given message, a target demarcation team went at a prearranged 33 Approved For Relebd GLAS SAR E:Db0787R0005001 50001-2
Approved For Release 2UP NYC? EX SSPE £hR000500150001-2 {a) PHOTOGRAPH (U) (b) SECTIONAL VIEW (U) UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 10 SUBMERSIBLE TAURUS (U) 34 Approved For Release 2Q0B 9/09 L Aa RSAB-& £9R000500150001-2
Approved For RelearNE CPS SPETE 1900787 R000800150001-2 time to the site linked to the particular message and remained there for 15 minutes, During this period a subject on-board the submersible, monitored by an investigator blind to the target pool, registered his impressions as to where the demarcation team was, 500 miles away, as per standard remote viewing protocol, Following the remote-viewing trial, the subject then consulted a list of potential targets (seen for the first time at this point), made a choice as to which target of the set was viewed, and noted the associated message. Four trials were planned in accordance with a prearranged time schedule. The first trial was aborted because the submersible did not follow its diving schedule. For the second trial the submersible was at a depth of 170 m, in water 340 m deep, and the subject was asked to describe his impressions of the location of the outbound team, (The outbound team had chosen their Location to designate the particular message to be sent.) Having completed the response, the subject was handed the list of target descriptions and asked to choose which of the six target locations appeared to match the description. Figure 11 shows the subject's response, The outbound team had chosen the large oak tree shown in the figure. (An interesting note: Because of a timing error the subject's narrative began while the out- bound team was still enroute to the target site,) The subject correctly (and extensively) described a large tree, and also correctly described a drop-off behind the outbound team, In this experiment the subject was able to identify the correct target on the list and was thus able to obtain the associated correct message, ''Rendezvous at Pickup Point Three," The third trial aborted because of a lack of synchronization between submarine dives and target visitation. For the fourth trial, the out- bound team again went at a prearranged time to one of six possible locations, chosen from a new list, a shopping mall shown in Figure 12, In this trial the submersible rested on the bottom in 78 meters of water. Figure 13 shows the subject's response to the target, The subject correctly indicated the flat stone flooring, small pool, reddish stone 35 Approved For RelepS@3fogo§ SIAFRHEd)00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 209FF ET: AS STE PEP RO00H00150001-2 (N) ."weyl pulysq jy1/9 e JO apesijed e& 40 jjo-doip e si asey) ay] S]9Qf JSOUNe sayy “Way Puiyaq aoeds jo Jo] e pue 2al3 1123 eBny ‘Asean ‘Asan YY *}OalgO Burwooy jer Alan yy, :asom SPJOM JSI1} SJOalqns “eluJOjeED ‘AaTeEA eyoog ul doypy e uo yeo queib e sem yobiel “2761 AINT OL “HALVM AO W OVE NI dd353q W OZE <i YSAEINNN LNAWIYsdXxX3S J 1SISYSWENs LL AYNDIS | 36 Approved For Release 26d qb{ol: AvSAS 846 -bb7B}R000500150001-2
Approved For Release PAT YO 0A: S'S RFAE 9787R0005001 50001-2 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 12 SHOPPING MALL TARGET USED IN SUBMERSIBLE EXPERIMENT NUMBER 2 (U) 37 Approved For ReleasdddN KobAA S Sd 4 Ed) s7R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 20904: AGO PFGE By R000500150001-2 (Nn) ,,{a0eds pasojsua ue ‘punose Buiyjem ‘ssoop abse| “ye BUOYS YsIPpas ‘jOod jews ‘sje “Bulsooj} auols Wej4 :saipiuap! Apoasoo Buimeip s,joafqng “elusojieg ‘Mala ujequnoj u! jew Buiddoys sem jabie, “WOLLOG JHL NO daaq W SZ ‘:Z YASWAN LNAWIYSdX3 JISISHAWANS EL SYNOD! GalsIssvTONN _ ps eveds prroyare 0 = 7) FD DLT ——— 38 Approved For Release abd hod: AvS-Sob Fsldt4)R000500150001-2
Approved For Releapy NCPR SOT FHE P0727 Rooes001 50001-2 walk, and people walking around in an enclosed space. When shown the target list, the subject chose the correct target location and was thus able to "receive" the associated message. Therefore, in the two trials that were actually carried out from the submersible, the subject in each case selected the correct one out of six messages, B. Examination of the ELF Hypothesis One of our purposes in experimenting with remote viewing from a submersible was to test the extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic hypothesis put forward by I. M. Kogan of the Soviet Union, who suggests that information transfer under conditions of sensory shielding is mediated by ELF waves with wavelengths in the 300-to-1000-km region, *~ #8 To determine the significance of the success of the communications experiment with regard to the ELF hypothesis, we must examine the shielding effect of 170 m of sea water. The appropriate calculations have been carried out by the authors for another project; we quote the salient features here, Three modes of propagation have to be considered. They are the TE, IM, and quasi-TEM modes of propagation. (The latter is generally assumed in Project Sanguine/Seafarer calculations, where one considers coupling into the spherical resonant cavity comprised of the earth's surface as the inner radius, and the ionosphere as the outer radius.** ) Table 6 shows the minimum attenuation results for the three cases, assuming a depth of 170 m and a frequency of 10 Hz (approximate brainwave frequency). We see that in all cases there is greater than 20 dB (factor of 100) attenuation of a 10-Hz ELF signal. C. Preliminary Conclusions Preliminary conclusions of the submersible experiment are as follows: 39 Approved For Reledsh Xb G/pofioS §4-Riifepo0787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release ONCLASSIFIED. | Table 6 SUBMARINE EXPERIMENT (ELF Hypothesis) Se | Depth: 170 m Maximum-Transmission TE Wave (Normal Incidence, 10 Hz) | Reurface 44.8 dB | loss Rottn 18.6 dB Total 63.4 dB Maximum-Transmission TM Wave (Grazing Incidence, 10 Hz) R ourface 3.4 dB loss Rotten 18.6 dB Total 22.0 dB Maximum-Transmission Quasi-TEM Wave (Grazing Incidence, 10 Hz) R 50.3 dB surface loss Rotta 18.6 dB Total 68.9 dB rr _* Remote viewing appears to be a successful approach for achieving a land/submersible communication link, i Under the least-loss case (near-grazing TM wave), the attenuation for an ELF signal at 10 Hz is 18,6 dB at 170 m, to which must be added the air/surface reflection loss. (The air/surface interface adds another 3.4 dB.) The results are therefore suggestive that the postulated ELF electromagnetic radiation mechanism is not viable as a mechanism for remote viewing. However, a definitive test requires a series | 40 Approved For Releapg NCTA SOE TE a8 0001-2
Approved For Reledsp AG G@/dofo SGA Rais 2 0787R000500150001-2 of experiments carried out at, say, 1000 m, where 10-Hz attenuation reaches 110 dB, * Although the subjects indicated that they had experienced some degree of stress due to cramped conditions and seasickness, these environmental factors did not appear to affect the quality of performance deleteriously. 41 Approved For Reledoh NGbA S Sol FH Qo787R0005001 50001-2
ceaammnmpenenegemeee name ee Approved For Release 200 ; DP96-00787R000500150001-2 V REMOTE VIEWING OF OBJECTS, PICTURES, AND SYMBOLS (U) (U) For simple communication experiments, training procedures, and so forth, it would be desirable to dispense with the relatively cumber- some procedure of remote viewing of natural sites and substitute the remote viewing of small objects, pictures, symbols, and the like. In this section we discuss experiments undertaken to determine the feasi- bility of such a substitution. A. Experiments with Objects in Metal Containers (U) (U) An experiment was carried out in which a subject was asked to render descriptions of objects hidden in small light-tight metal con- tainers (35-mm film cans) located 1/8 mile distant from the subject's location. Further, the location of the object was known to the subject only as being on the person of an investigator outbound to an unknown. site. (S) The purpose of the experiment was to test (1) whether such a process constitutes a useful communication channel as claimed by the Soviets, °° (2) whether a target needs to be illuminated in order to be detected by psychoenergetic processes (e.g., can one look inside a darkened safe?), and (3) whether resolution on the order of millimeters can be obtained. (U) Ten trials were carried out. Each target was chosen by a random-number process from the target pool that was prepared in advance by an independent investigator, All investigators involved in carrying out the experiment were kept blind both as to particular targets and as to the contents of the target pool as a whole. (U) In detail, an investigator not otherwise associated with this series (Investigator A) was asked to select ten objects and to seal each in a separate film can, The film cans were then turned over to a second 43 Approved For Release 200 IS IE-DP96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASS (U) investigator (Investigator B), who was not told the contents, Investi- gator B then numbered the can tops 1 to 10 without opening the cans, taking care to handle them in such a way as to avoid gaining any information as to their contents, Investigator B then placed the box. of cans in a secure safe. During the experiment the target cans were used without replacement until the ten possibilities were exhausted, (U) At the beginning of each experiment, the subject was closeted with Investigator C in an isolated windowless room of the Radio Physics Laboratory in the SRI complex, Investigator B then generated a random number by the use of the random-number function on a Texas Instruments Model SR-51 hand calculator, obtained the associated can from the target pool in the safe, and took it to a convenient location in a park near SRI. The outbound investigator (Investigator B) remained at the remote location for a ten-minute target period, beginning at a previously agreed-upon time, with the film can still unopened, (W) During the target period the subject was asked to locate the outbound investigator and to describe the contents of the film can in his possession, Since the investigator with the subject (Investigator Cc) was ignorant of both the particular target and the contents of the target pool, he was free to question the subject about his perceptions without fear of cueing, The entire interaction in the laboratory was tape recorded, and the subject was encouraged to make drawings to accompany his verbal description of the film-can contents, (U) Following the target period, outbound Investigator B returned to the laboratory, at which time all concerned (subject and Investigators B and C) learned the contents of the target film can by opening it, This was the first time in the entire course of the experiment that an association could be made between a numbered can top and a given target object. *¢u) Because targets were used without replacement, when a previously used number came up, the random-number generator was reactivated until an unused number was obtained, 44 CAs : 1-2 Approved For Releary WER <3 FEV E B27 Ro0800 15000
Approved For Relea C PA'S SAEED e7Roornon 50001-2 (U) To facilitate analysis, it was decided in advance that the experimental series of ten trials would be broken down into two sub- groups of five trials each. Thus, in the blind rank-order procedure used (described below), a judge was asked to compare each target against five transcripts--one generated during the target period of interest and four generated during the other target periods of the subgroup. This procedure of breaking up trials into subgroups is a standard one designed to reduce the difficulty of comparing each target against a long series of all transcripts. (U) In preparation for the judging of each subgroup, the subject's tapes were transcribed, The resulting transcripts were then edited by Investigator B only to the extent of deleting references to previous days' targets. The transcripts were then labeled A, B, C, D, E ina random order by use of the SR-51 random number generator. Each set of five transcripts (with associated drawings) was then turned over to an independent judge with the following instructions: "The five film cans with randomly numbered tops which contain objects constituted targets in five successive 'remote viewing' experiments. The subject's five response packets containing tape transcripts and associated drawings, one packet for each experiment, are to be matched to the film can contents, The response packets are unnumbered and presented in random order, so the matching is of the blind type; that is, no indication is being given as to which packet was generated in response to which target. In carrying out the matching process, the judge must realize that the subject is instructed simply to give descriptive impressions as to the characteristics of a target, as opposed to trying to interpret or identify or name the target. This is based on the known fact that in psychoenergetic functioning, as in other subliminal perception processes, first impressions as to form, color, and texture tend to be correct, but further efforts to analyze and interpret tend to lead to incorrect ‘analytical overlay.' As an aid in judging with regard to this particular concept, we ask that as part of the judging exercise the judge should, before reading any subject transcript, examine all the targets, and write down for his own use a list of target descriptors (rather than names) for each item. 45 Approved For Releagq PPCR'R SS FPPESBP787R000500150001-2
Approved For meee GING. : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 ASSIFIE (U) The details of the judging procedure, which involve filling in the accompanying matrix (see attached form), ” are as follows. Select the lowest numbered can and examine its contents, Then read through the packets with the goal of determining best to worst description of this particular target. When the rank ordering is complete for this target, enter the rank order numbers, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, best to worst match, beside the appropriate transcript letter in the first column, Then examine the contents of the next lowest numbered can, again ranking the packets best to worst match, and likewise enter the rank order numbers, 1-5, best to worst match, beside the appropriate transcript letter in the second column, and so on, The rank ordering for each target is to be done independently of the previous rank orderings, so that, for example, a given packet may be chosen first place match for more than one target if that provides the best ordering of descriptions. When the task is complete, the entire matrix should be filled in, at which time the packets are to be returned," (U) As an example of the quality of description obtained, the results generated in the first subgroup of five are shown in Figure l in the Executive Summary (Section II of this report). The captions contain quotes from the subject's first paragraph of each description, For, a spool and a pin we have: "It's definitely something thin and long...with like a nail head at the end,..silver colored;' for a curled up leaf: "a nautilus shape with a tail;" for a leather belt keyring: "The strongest image I get is like a belt;" for a can of sand: "Like a miniature tower...scalloped bottom...light beige;' for a grey and white quill: "like a penguin,..grey and black and white...it's or ganic and has been alive...pointed or slightly rounded off at the top...open or pointed at the bottom," _ (U) The judge's blind rank-order assessment for the entire ten- trial series is shown in Table 7(b). In the blind rank ordering of each target against five transcripts consisting of the appropriate transcript * . . (U) The judge was given a blank matrix to be filled in. For the form of the matrix, see Table 7(a), which is an example of a filled-in matrix, The numbers correspond to the judge's rank-ordering assess- ments; the circles indicate the actual transcript/target pair, 46 Approved For Release RTCA SOT TE et
Approved For ReleP RIC PASS TETED 72 Rocos00ts0001-2 Table 7 (U) DISTRIBUTION OF RANKINGS ASSIGNED TO SUBJECT RESPONSE PACKETS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH TARGET (U) (a) Example of Judging Matrix (First Five-Trial Subgroup) ‘ Can Number Transcript | Can Number 4 (b) Analysis : Can trperinent | CH, | torect Spool and pin Leaf Rank of Associated Packet Keyring Sand Quill Stamps Plastic pig Whistle Oo On DUN FF WH NH BR Metal spring Doll em F&F OH RP BE BS BS Be h Oo wn Total sum of ranks (10 trials/5 rankings each) Probability of result by chance“ 47 Approved For RelespRp@/p9oS 4 ip Fp0787R000500150001-2
Approved For ReeaseQhNCPASSIFIED (U) and four others, six of the ten transcripts were correctly matched, and two were matched in second place, a result significant at Pp = 0,009 (i.e., the probability of obtaining such a ranking by chance is less than lina hundred). ” (U) It thus appears that small objects can be discriminated by psychoenergetic processes, and that the channel functions down to at least the order of one millimeter spatial resolution. Finally, success- ful use of the light-tight cans indicates that the light level required to illuminate the target can be vanishingly smal, ! B. Abstract Targeting of Building Interiors (U) / oe BE ut icing interiors | (U) For the past several years we have been conducting remote- viewing experiments in which a subject in the laboratory is able to describe accurately the interior of a remote building given only geographical coordinates or a known outbound investigator on whom to target. In our experience, the outbound investigator need not be inside the building for the subject to provide an accurate description of the inside. It is sufficient for him to be in the general neighborhood of the building in question, (U) We had not, however, previously carried out an experiment to determine whether an experienced subject could describe the inside of a building, given only an envelope containing a photograph of the target (U) The appropriate analysis for preferential-ranking data is given in Ref. 25, The analysis requires that the ranking for each target be carried out independently--that is, with replacement--and the judge was so instructed. Evidence that this requirement was adhered to, to a close approximation, is provided by examination of Table 7(a), where the correct matching of four targets out of five did not yield an automatic match for the fifth, and Transcript C was twice selected as a first-place match (Targets 7 and 8). (U)| The film cans were tested for light-tightness by exposing the cans containing 400 ASA Tri-X film to 30 flashes of a 1200 watt-second strobe Light at 11 inches; photodensitometer traces showed no light explosure as compared with unexposed control film. 48 Approved For Releagg NEP 'R SOLE P78 Roccn00ts0001-2
Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED (U) building, Therefore, we designed an experiment that involved handing the subject photographs of the outsides of buildings in the San Francisco Bay Area. In order to assure the absence of analytical guessing, the photos remained sealed inside opaque photographic enve- lopes throughout the experiment. The envelope plus its contents thus constituted an abstract targeting procedure, (See discussion in fourth paragraph of Section III-A.) (U) The targets, all stand-alone buildings in the Palo Alto area, were as follows: an indoor swimming pool, movie theater, public library, bowling alley, fire station, grocery store, auto showroom, airport hangar, research building, and Chinese restaurant. In each case a photo was taken in a manner to best conceal the true nature of the building. This was done to discriminate against simple remote viewing of an envelope's contents in favor of the contents acting as a means to target on the site in accordance with the goal of the experiment. (U) Ten trials were carried out, two per day over a period of five days, Each target was chosen by random-number generator access to the target pool, and the investigator with the subject was kept blind to the target. The randomly selected target envelope was handed to the subject for his assessment as to the structure, purpose, and activity associated with the site represented by the envelope's contents. The session was tape recorded and the subject was encouraged to generate sketches of the site to accompany his narrative, (U) After completion of each trial, the subject was allowed to open the envelope and look at the picture, At this point a second phase of the experiment was initiated in which the subject was asked to render a second interpretation of the site on the basis of the photograph. Finally, the subject was given feedback as to the exact nature of the building in question. (U) In the evaluation of this experiment it was clear that none of the subject's descriptions or drawings had more than a superficial resemblance to the target building under consideration. Neither the 49 Approved For RAF C PA SSIEIE Dot
Approved For Release 000 en Poche 001500042 (U) unseen nor the seen photograph allowed the subject to make significant comments or drawings with regard to the intended target. The failure of these particular experiments contrasts sharply with the high degree of success achieved by the same subject during several years of work in our laboratory, and also with other successful experiments carried out during the same experimental period. (U) There are several possible factors that could contribute to the subject's inability to describe the remote buildings in these experiments, First, it must be recognized that it may be impossible to do the task required. We tend to discount this idea, since another gifted subject has apparently been able to do this task under similar conditions.® A more likely explanation, in our opinion, is that the subject was overworked in this experimental series: A total of 30 trials of various types were carried out in a five-day period. This far exceeds the subject's previous work pace, and the subject complained of great fatigue at the end of many of the days. Further efforts along this line should be pursued before a final determination is made as to the feast- bility of this procedure, C. Experiments with Analytical Targets (U) | (S) In the course of this program we carried out several series of communications experiments involving the attempted transmission, from one laboratory to another, of analytical targets (numbers, letters, words). These series were initiated in an effort to assess reports of Soviet activities in this area. One of the Soviet experiments involved the transmission of numbers (decimal digits 0 through 9) with a claimed yield of 105 out of 135 digits, The a priori probability of such a result occurring by chance is p ~ 10777 an extremely significant result if true,*° Ly Alphanumeric Targets (U) (U) In this series an investigator in one laboratory cycled through a set of targets by means of a random protocol, while a percipient, 50 Approved For Release 2003 P96-00787R000500150001-2
Ene Approved For Rel aPA Ape pe pe? 87R000500150001-2 (U) isolated in another laboratory, registered his responses, In some experiments the percipient knew the elements of the target pool (e.8., digits 0 through 9), while in others the target pool was essentially unknown (e.g., dictionary words), Target content for the various series was as follows: ten decimal digits--0 through 9; five written color words--yellow, red, blue, green, black; three alphanumerics--A, 1, 0; three specific words--cat, house, rhinoceros; and an open-ended list of random dictionary words. Computer analysis of the total of 1,100 trials completed indicated that the results in each case do not deviate significantly from chance expectation, (C) In addition to the above laboratory experiments carried out within SRI, a long-distance (Ohio-California) communication experiment utilizing binary digits (0, 1) as targets was undertaken. Each working day for a two-week period the contract monitor placed on display at his location a three-digit binary number, of which there are eight possi- bilities (000, 001, ... 111). “At an agreed-upon time a subject Located at the Radio Physics Laboratory at SRI, Menlo Park, California, attempted to perceive the three-digit number, The results of this experiment also did not deviate significantly from chance expectation. (U) We thus found in our experimentation an inability on the part of subjects to perceive alphanumeric material, This result is con- sonant with our general findings--namely, in paranormal perception the patterns of correct versus incorrect responses indicate specialization characteristic of the nonanalytic part of the brain's cognitive apparatus. This part of the brain is thought to deal mainly with spatial and holistic processing, in contrast to specialization in verbal or analytical functioning.®’~ °° 2. Color/Shape Targets (Parallels Between Remote Perception and Ordinary Perception) (U) (U) In an effort to devise an approach that might begin to train analytic perception ability, one of the program subjects devel- oped a gradient series of perception tasks that mimic the known 51 Approved For Rela GAN ARASH Rhona R000500150001-2
SG1A Approved For Release aa : =i. V1 caeieaseaeaeaaaaaaaaaadans (U) development of ordinary perception, The decision to follow such a protocol was derived from data indicating that the laws of paranormal perception are congruent with, rather than skew to, the laws that govern ordinary perception, especially under conditions of subliminal presentation, °° (U) The approach was based on a specific perceptual orientation process known to hold in ordinary perception of color. The perceptual process of interest was the well-documented scale of increasing sensi- tivity to color tones, Cross-cultural studies of 98 separate Linguistic stocks indicate that, from culture to culture, perception of color tones in the environment begins with discrimination first of black and white (dull/bright); then red is added as a color, then yellow or green followed by the other, then blue, brown, and finally purple, pink, orange, and grey. Although these latter are undistinguished at first, | discrimination between them eventually occurs,** (WU) On the hypothesis that perhaps a similar gradient is followed by an individual in the development of paranormal perception, a lengthy pilot series of several hundred trials was carried out with an experienced subject to determine, in a simple lab-to-lab remote target card sequence, whether any correlation existed between color impressions, brightness/ dullness impressions, and accuracy of symbol recognition, (The symbols used were 0, T, and A of various colors.) A post hoc analysis of the data indicated that in those cases where the subject was correct in his impression as to whether the target was bright (white, yellow) or dull (blue, black), he was able to recognize the symbol to a statistically significant degree, _— (8) (This lengthy series on detailed alphanumeric material preceded the subject's viewing of (Section III), which yielded one of the better, more detailed remote viewing results on the program, Therefore, we might conjecture along with the subject that the remote- viewing practice that occurred in this series may have helped to strengthen and sharpen the subject's skills, 52 Approved For Release 2003  ClA;-BDP96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Relelgd9b3pgA9S § A-Ribiffp0787R000500150001-2 (U) Based on the above observation, a second experienced subject was tested over a three-day period, This subject was instructed to attempt to differentiate remote target card symbols (0, T, A of various colors) first on the basis of the dichotomy dull/bright, and then with regard to shape, and only finally with regard to color. (Specifically, the subject was encouraged to reject premature mental discrimination processes based on color perception,) After noting an apparent learning curve in the data, a final test run was carried out before subject departure on the third day, For this run only, the subject was instructed to reject color perception altogether, and to simply indicate bright/dull followed by symbol shape. This test resulted in correct recognition of 10 out of 12 shapes consisting of the three symbols (0, T, A) of various colors randomly intermixed. The probability of such a result occurring by chance in less than one is 1800 (i.e., p < 5.5 x 107), On the basis of these preliminary results, further experimentation with this protocol will be carried out to determine whether the approach can lead to stable paranormal perception of alphanumeric targets, a task that has so far eluded parapsychology workers in this country, 53 Approved For Relehd ELAS SA RbEDb0787R000500150001 -2 |
Approved For Releagy CPR SS PPE 787 R000S00150001-2 VI ROLE OF FEEDBACK IN REMOTE VIEWING EXPERIMENTS A. Background Discussion It is standard practice in our laboratory, and in others, to provide subjects with feedback as to their results in paranormal perception experiments, This procedure is based on two factors: (1) the recognition in learning theory that feedback is important in learning any skill, and (2) the observation that subjects indeed do better when feedback is supplied, For most ordinary (non-paranormal) tasks, the role that feedback plays appears relatively straightforward, In paranormal experimentation, however, precognition of future events sometimes seems to occur, This raises the possibility that in paranormal perception experiments some part of the information obtained is a result of precognitive access to future feedback rather than direct remote viewing. If so, feedback to the subject would play a more substantive role in paranormal experimenta~ tion than is usually the case. As a corollary, the withholding of feedback in paranormal experimentation could be especially deleterious, Feinberg of Columdia has even suggested that perhaps all of the informa- tion in remote viewing comes via precognition of feedback. ** In any case, there is strong evidence that feedback is an essential element for successful remote viewing, whether the reasons be simply psychological or more substantive, perhaps even physical. Therefore two experiments were undertaken to determine to what degree remote viewing could be elicited under conditions where the subject never receives feedback as to the target. B, Experimentation In these experiments, each of two subjects independently made six remote-viewing trials. Both subjects were experienced in the remote- viewing task and have produced reliable and successful results in the ast. pas 55 Approved For Releagg fap@op/ A SS. Ah hf) 787R000500150001-2
Approved For eessONCLASSIFIED. In experiments with one subject we carried out six trials of standard remote viewing of local targets in the San Francisco Bay area with no feedback as to the target location visited by the outbound investigators, Instead, the subject was taken each day toa different one of a set of "feedback" locations, none of which were in the target pool for remote viewing. The subject was informed as to the nature of the experiment and knew that his task was to describe the place visited by the investigators, rather than the place he was to be shown after the experiment. The experiment nonetheless provided an opportunity to observe whether he would in fact describe the "feedback" site in place of the target site, The outcome of the experiment was determined by the blind matching of an independent judge. The judge was given a listing of the target sites in random order and a similar listing of the feedback Sites, also in random order without being told which was which. He was also given the six transcripts produced by the subject. The judge then had two tasks, He had to rank-order the transcripts, as he thought they applied to each of the sites, This was done both for the target sites and the "feedback" sites, ‘In blind matching of the subject's response to both the target locations and the feedback locations, no deviation from chance expecta- tion. iwas found, In each case the judge correctly matched one target- Franseript pair, which is the result expected by chance, If it had turned out that the matching of the transcripts to the . target sites had been significant, it would have been evidence for direct perception of the site at the time of the outbound investigator's visit to that site, If, on the other hand, there had been Significance in the matching of the transcripts to the feedback sites, we would have concluded that the subject tends to describe primarily the location about which hie is eventually given feedback. The result, however, was that his effort to target on the correct site appeared to suffer in the absence of rele- vant feedback, but he was not diverted into describing an irrelevant false feedback target. 56 Approved For Release FAC LA SSrriER 50001-2
Approved For ReleJFRPere GAS SF TER) -00787R000500150001-2 In experiments with a second subject, we first carried out three standard experiments in the remote viewing of local San Francisco Bay Area sites with feedback, These were successful trials in which the subject described a secure map room, an outdoor swimming pool, and a church in sufficient detail for the transmission of a five-bit error- corrected message, (See Appendix D for a description of the application of the remote viewing of natural targets as a vehicle for message trans- mission with built-in error correction. ) We then carried out three trials without feedback, in which the subject gave descriptions that in no way matched the targets, This was then followed by a final trial with feedback to establish whether the functioning would return, In this case the outbound investigators selected by the random-number generator protocol, the control tower at the Palo Alto airport, a location never before seen by this subject. The target was immediately described jon tape as a "tower like building... rising out of organic petal shaped bushes, It is quite square with an enlarged tip on the top." A photograph of the tower, together with his drawing of it are shown in Figure 14, It would thus appear that reinsti- tuting the feedback condition rehabilitated the functioning, Cc, Conc Lusions l. General Taken together as a series, this’ experiment consisted of 13 indivi- dual remote-viewing experiments with iexperienced subjects, Of the 13 trials they made, none of those without feedback were successful, and all those with feedback were, From this we must conclude that, at least for the two subjects examined, who are ordinarily quite reliable, feed- back to the subject is an important aspect of the remote-viewing protocol, We cannot, of course, conclude that feedback is essential for substantive (e.g., physical) reasons, since the above series did not separate out psychological factors, In fact, both subjects expressed the feeling that the no-feedback condition was psychologically very frustrating to them, 57 Approved For ReldabNtG 4040S :S FFHHE 29 -00787R000500150001-2
' Approved For Release 200 NCEA SS TPE Roe 180001 -2 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 14 PALO ALTO AIRPORT TOWER TARGET. Described by subject as a square stone tower rising out of foliage at its base. (U) 58 Approved For Release 2008 REE LASS TPE Been 190001 -2
Approved For Releagg Ne RR SOT ETE ES 727 R000800150001-2 The next appropriate series of experiments with these normally successful subjects would be to intermix, on a random schedule, feedback and no~feedback trials, to eliminate any effect of psychological pre- disposition that a subject might have with regard to a given trial being carried out without feedback, At this point, however, we can conclude that feedback is important, whatever the cause, 2. Recent Results In the follow-on to the program reported here, we addressed the issue as to whether it was possible in principle to obtain information in the absence of feedback, Furthermore, the experiment was designed to factor out the psychological component: the subject did not know on a given trial whether feedback would be provided, The goal of this experiment was to determine if paranormal perceptual abilities could be elicited under conditions in which, for half the trials, on a random basis, the subject would never receive feedback as to his trial-by-trial performance, The task of this experiment was for the subjects to determine which one of ten digits, 0-9, had been chosen by an electronic random number generator and stored in a computer. The entire experiment was software programmed on a standard commercial microcomputer with typewriter/video I.0. (Polymorphic Systems Model 8813 microcomputer). The subject indicated his choice by striking the appropriate key on the computer terminal. Ina run of 20 trials, the subject received immediate feed- back for only ten of his choices, on a randomly determined schedule, In the feedback cases, the correct number was printed on the video terminal as soon as the subject made his selection. In the cases with- out feedback, the computer printed the words NO FEEDBACK, and went on to the next trial. Hits and misses were accumulated internally and only the totals were displayed at the end of each run of 20 trials. Results for all subjects were accumulated in a separate, protected file, Ten subjects were studied: seven controls (SRI volunteers) and three subjects a priori labeled "experienced." The seven SRI volunteers J Pp 59 Approved For Releakg INDGfOb/ ga S-GMAPB6[O)787R000500150001-2
Approved For meee ON CL CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 ASSIFIED did not produce scores differing from chance expectation in either experimental condition (FEEDBACK or NO FEEDBACK). All three of the exper ienced subjects, on the other hand, did produce individually significant departures from chance scoring, Of these, one subject scored significantly in the NO FEEDBACK case (p < 0.01, or odds of less than 1 ina hundred of such a result being obtained by chance). Thus it would appear that although feedback may play an extremely important psychological, and perhaps more substantive (e.g., physical) role, it is not absolutely essential. 60 Approved For Releagy NCPR CSTE EB tooo
Approved For Release CO PATS STETE 27 Ro00s00150001-2 VII REMOTE PERCEPTION OF AUDIO SIGNALS In assessing the possibility of remote sensing by modalities other than visual, we conducted an experiment in which the primary remote- sensing task was on audio one, We feel that the success of our earlier remote-viewing experiments has resulted from the following considerations: « The targets have been "natural scenes" rather than contrived visual stimuli. ¢ The subjects were encouraged to describe nonanalytic features of the targets rather than to analyze the scene, ¢ The experiments were conducted in a relaxed atmosphere with approximately one trial per day. * Whenever possible, immediate feedback was provided to the subject, These considerations served as a basis for the design of the remote audio experiment, Ten musical pieces were chosen for the target pool. These targets were selected on the basis of a nearly balanced mixture of classical, nonclassical, vocal and nonvocal music. The pool of ten pieces were chosen to keep the set as orthogonal as possible with regard to feeling, rhythm, instruments, and overall gestalt; they are listed in Table 8, In each trial a music tape was played for ten minutes in a building 1/8 mile distant from the subject to provide sufficient isolation to ensure no audio leakage path, As with the cans experiment (Section V), the ten trials were divided into two groups of five trials each, The procedure for random-number generator access to the pool of target tapes was the same as in the cans experiment, and the investigator monitoring the subject was, as usual, kept blind to the contents of the target pool, 61 Approved For RelehJqYOO3 PINS SIAR PP96}00787R000500150001-2
UOTIIOTIS eaysayoIro Aavoy oTsnw PINTZ enborzeg suos zaqzed ssuasuon estou PHOis [9501 ploy Suos BAOT [BI0A ARATO oTsnu ouetg oTsnu ueSio Su014¢ eT Tedes e ‘otsnu yoamnyos uetssny UNCLASSIFIED eTqe} + x1eIqTS sunap uedTasy uoTjdti9seq Approved For Release_ 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 snozepuog SUTITTT zownyy pno'l dT IUEMOY BUTXET OY [nj raMog DATICITPON IF PO Teh SUT SnNOoYy Poon ESTT ALNGIULLVY TWILYVd HLIM 100d LHOUVL OISAN ssnezqs °Yy FPTPATA IIIT wol UOsTrAAeH VBr0e5 zoeg ueor 3aIezon *M yoeg “s "fr yyoutTuewyoey reUey FfunjeTo aresodwo5 /Istqay 8 PLqeL owes OTOD9Tq soy azole O UT OF199u09 s]ueWe Ty yeM-YeM AsBuerIS @ O03 Buosg eAaoT £69 °% ‘sole gq UT eqeuos IouTW qd UT ensSng IseysTH ey3 UT poy 02 £I0TN Froyfutyr unyd (eat PATIFUTIG) es UOT IIeTIS erqsnujerez yoeads os ly so 7 139uU05 PINTI eyaTdmoy SUL -TPIBATA JeiyeyT woy, yas perisemM 3uTusag uy ysoqd eTsureg OJ 3SUOD sUTL smopeys 34} Woazaz swo ouetg 10; SY1IOM azeTdwog SUL ~-JaAeZOW So Ti0oAey ueS8aig yorg sisdsa, > JyouTueuToey eTpul JO zeqTS uoTSseg Jo sumiq ;Ffunze{oO BUT psz0D9y4 OT adel 62 Approved For Releary NCTA SSIFIED 0787R000500150001-2
Approved For ReleegnPeeRs StFre 0787R000500150001-2 As in the remote-viewing experiments, the subject was encouraged to describe his impression of the overall mood of the remote audio "scene," and specifically discouraged from guessing the name of the musical number, The subject's comments were recorded for later transcription. Since the target tapes were chosen to be extremely different from each other, and since the monitor was to act as a judge, no feedback was given at the end of each trial to either subject or monitor, The judging technique employed was the rank-ordering procedure described for the canister experiments, The results of the rank-ordering analysis are shown in Tables 9 and 10, Of the two series of five trials, the second was the better, Three of the five transcripts were first-place matched without difficulty, as the correspondences between the transcripts and associated musical selections were excellent. (In the first series, there were no first- place matches, although three of the five were second-place matched, ) Thus, there is possibly some indication of learning in this new task. Statistically, the odds of obtaining the observed matching results by chance are 1 in 2.3 and 1 in 12.5 for the first and second series, respectively. Therefore, considering that some of the individual cor- respondences were quite detailed and accurate, and considering that one of our other subjects (not present for this experiment) had performed exceptionally well in similar tests conducted in a different research laboratory, we would not conclude that this is a definitive null result, However, more experimentation is necessary to define the characteristics of this particular form of channel, and better statistical results would be required to place the results on a solid footing with regard to a positive interpretation, 63 Approved For ReledseRgp@/p9As 94 FPL 0787Ro0005001 50001-2
Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED Table 9 | DISTRIBUTION OF RANKINGS ASSIGNED TO SUBJECT RESPONSE PACKETS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH TARGET FOR SERIES 1 tapesnene Rank of Associated Transcript Musical Target Concert for Bangla Desh Drums of Passion Also Sprach Zarathustra Sitar of India Bach Fugue in D Minor Total Sum of Ranks Odds of Such a Result by Chance Table 10 _DISTRIBUTION OF RANKINGS ASSIGNED TO SUBJECT RESPONSE PACKETS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH TARGET FOR SERIES 2 Rank of Associated Transcript Experiment Musical Target Baez Love Song to a Stranger Concerto for Piccolo Mozart Sonata in F Major The Elements Vespers Total Sum of Ranks 10 Odds of Such a Result by Chance l in 12.5 64 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED
Approved For Release aie eel lasi) 078 7R000500150001-2 VIII SUBJECT-~INDUCED EQUIPMENT PERTURBATION EFFECTS (U) (S) The study of human/machine interactions as a psychoenergetic process has posed great difficulties for serious investigators. Among these difficulties are the combined facts that the reported effects tend to be small, and the local environment has rarely been monitored for causes alternative to the proposed psychoenergetic effects, In addition, one finds that the strongest effects are reported as occurring with the most controversial and/or suspect subjects. Out of this collection of questionable experimentation (and often poor reporting), emerge, however, a few provocative experimental results suggesting that further careful examination may be worthwhile and possibly rewarding. Such studies would provide valuable data for assessing whether the area of subject- induced equipment failures poses a potential threat. A. Strain-Gauge Experiments (U) (U) As a result of technical contacts with Prof. John Hasted, Birkbeck College, University of London, we have developed an interest in 8,84 that he has observed inelastic and attempting to confirm his claim® elastic deformations of metal bars by some kind of remote human inter- action, During these experiments the subjects are reported to cause effects without any physical contact with the metal, (U) In an effort to replicate Hasted's results, we have con- structed an electrically shielded enclosure having more than 135 dB RF attenuation from 10 kHz to 10 MHz and plexiglass sides (to shield against air currents). Within this enclosure is an experimental system of resistive strain gauges attached to a thin metal bar, These are wired as a temperature-compensating bridge and connected to battery-operated amplifiers and recording instruments, At present we can detect changes in the length of the bar on the order of 500 angstroms and applied transverse forces of approximately 100 mg. To date, we have been 65 Approved For Release 20RD CITE DE 96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For ReessINCLASSIFIED (U) successful in isolating and correcting several sources of artifact, and have obtained hours of artifact-free baseline operation. All of the data will be magnetically recorded for later computer analysis, and a simple strip-chart record will provide immediate feedback to the subject of any changes in the bar, We are encouraged with the progress of artifact isolation, and we will begin to task subjects to attempt to perturb the isolated metal bar during the follow-on program. (U) Should experimentation reveal genuine subject-induced pertur- bations, we will determine whether such effects can be used as a message-transmission device (remote telegraph). B. Random-Event Generator Experiments (U) (U) Another class of experiments that have been extensively reported are those that involve alleged human/machine interaction with electronic random-event generators. In these experiments, digital electronic noise derived either from a thermal noise source or from the decay of a radioactive material is monitored while a subject is attempting to alter the statistical properties of the noise distribution. The usual protocol involves providing visual and audio feedback signals, proportional to various statistical parameters, to a subject who is asked in a biofeedback scenario to concentrate upon the feedback signals and to alter them in a prescribed way. To date, there have been 54 ® of which 35 report such experiments reported in the literature,® statistically significant effects, while none of these studies show similar departures from randomness during control runs, (U) We have completed the design stage of a micro-processor-based (LSI-11) random-event generator, and are in the hardware construction and assembly phase, We are using three fundamentally different sources of random events to derive the digital electronic noise signal. The first of these is a diode designed by R. H. Haitz, °° that is completely understood from both the quantum-mechanical and solid-state construction point of view. A second fundamentally different source of random events is to be derived from the decay of a single-transition beta emitter. 66 Approved For Releasq PRICPASSIFIED et
Approved For Releagg NCPR SST ETE ooo 1800012 (U) Lastly, the entire system can be checked against a pseudorandom shift register that constitutes a third source of random events. This latter has the property that a long string of bits appears random, yet once the shift register is reinitialized it produces the identical random sequence once again. (U) The instrument is under control of a microprocessor that records data on magnetic tape for later analysis, and controls a printing 1/0 statistical calculator that provides immediate results for feedback. Once the instrument is complete, it will be exhaustively tested for possible artifacts resulting from environmental conditions. (U} We propose to use this instrument in the follow-on program first to attempt to confirm the existence of the claimed phenomenon. If it is confirmed, we will investigate theoretical implications with regard to various modes of human/machine interaction. Assuming that an effect can be stabilized, this microprocessor-based system can easily be re- programmed to utilize error-correcting coding techniques to construct a "remote! telegraph communication system. 67 Approved For ReleaseRpe PAS STEPPE D072 Roooso0ts0004 -2
Approved For Release ZO Oe) 0787R000500150001-2 IX SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS (U) (U) Experimental laboratory work continues to provide evidence for the existence of so-called psi processes, a class of interactions between consciousness and the physical world as yet unexplained. These include (1) the acquisition of information not presented to any obvious sense, and (2) the production of physical effects not mediated by any obvious mechanism, (S) At SRI we have concentrated primarily on the former, investi- gating a particular human information-accessing capability that we call "remote viewing.'' This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access and describe, by means of mental processes, infor- mation blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding, and generally believed to be secure against such access. Our data base now consists of several hundred trials in the remote viewing of targets ranging from objects in nearby light-tight canisters to geographic sites at transcontinential distances, and viewed from locations that include shielded Faraday cages and a submerged submarine, These experiments have included successful viewings of solid-propellant missile static test firings in the Western U.S. and correct detailed descriptions of East-Bloc military facilities, given only geographical coordinates on which to target. (S) Table 11 summarizes the key findings with regard to target acquisition, resolution, shielding, and distance effects; factors that appear to enhance or inhibit success in remote viewing; accuracy, reliability, and robustness; screening and training of subjects; and technological and theoretical considerations, (U) Data from these observations indicate that the phenomenon is characterized by resolution on the order of at least millimeters, apparent ineffectiveness of ordinary electrical shielding, and relative insensitivity to distance up to and including transcontinental distances. 69 Approved For RelecemaiiiQimn Gn Rice 29 -00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2003/0S EL Giakgefantae 6-00787R000500150001-2 (U) With experienced subjects the accuracy and reliability of the phenomenon can also be characterized roughly by a two-thirds factor. That is, approximately two-thirds of a given transcript about a given site is correct, roughly two-thirds of a series of transcripts can be blind- matched by a judge to the correct target out of a list, etc, (S) Remote viewing, through the use of geographical coordinates as designators, has in many cases provided meaningful descriptions of East-bloc military facilities designated as targets by the sponsor. Evaluation by appropriate intelligence community specialists indicates that a subject is able by this process to generate useful data corrob- orated by other intelligence data, As is generally true with human sources, the information is fragmentary and imperfect, and is therefore best utilized in conjunction with these other resources, Nonetheless, the data generated by this process appear to exceed any reasonable bounds of chance correlation or acquisition by ordinary means, and therefore constitute a potentially exploitable information source. 70 Approved For Release 200 adlla GA TE25..00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2b Pi ERaAR—P 96 -00787R000500150001-2 *uoT3esedoid JO Ustueyseu feusmoUsyd oTIa3 -azeuaoyohsd Jo 3YSTTF Jo swry *tsd aatqdtaiosep Oj TB[TWES STPAeT 02 poutes3 aq ued Tsd [RoOTRATeUe TEYIOUM *oqe ‘saanqotd ‘uoT3 “BUIOJUT [eotyderzBoTtq Fo stseq ey} uo peyoerzq aq ues oe -qns 03 umouyun uosized xreYy.eYyA *3es7e] seTJTquepT yooefqns moy '(dH9) AITTTqeqoad Fo 3s01I9 APT “NdATO ‘*8*e--ased a2eUTpI009 Teotydeazgoas ut uotytstnboe 7°932e] Jo Aoemnooe {(sueqsds @eBUTPIOOD JeURO ‘seanqotd ‘sdew ‘soweu) uotjtstnboe 20328] a0oy AZeSssoo0U ST 2eUM umouyuy (N) SNOISNIONOO~--LUV FHL dO SLVLS ONIMAIA-7LOWAY “OUT ,,[PO4,, AT [eT JUesse UT eT qeTTePAe 9q O14 sieedde uaqyo ssao0e uoTZeMIOTUT *ATTeBoTqstieIs A[uo [nysssoons sye8ae3 qeqeyudte fAT[euotTses20 ATUO 2992109 [eT azajJeM JoSare}z wsaz}EIAM ‘AT AUaTTeIOXs YysnoryI VsuUOD Jae: *84I sowT] ze Ysnoulle (eweu ‘uotjounyz) sqda0u02 [eo -TqATeue URPY] 12329q peqTiosep eaze (TeTzeqeuw ‘z0ToD “mx0F ‘adeys) sqoedse aatzdtz0seq *BUTUOTROUNF OTIeSaAsUe -oyodsd uzaao3 07 azvedde 3e3 nSMeT,, 242 Jo uotze_eadzsqUuT pe .ueTIO-surseu 02 pssoddo S@ peUeTIO-[eos A0F vsouUspTAd SXISTJO UOTIeAISSGO sTYL °Jes1e] e@ se pesn st oefqns 943 OF UMOUY UoSsazed eB YyoOTYyM UT sjUeUTAedKS UT peuTeIqo asoyuj 02 eTqerzeduod sq[nser SPTPTA uosrzed yNoYITA soReUTpsAO -OD TeoTyderz80es Aq Butqe81ze2 ‘24TS ae uosaed eatjzexzedoos Jo adueseid Jo stseq auz uo 23TS 3eS31ez SaTNboe ues yoelqns UMOUY TT ?1deL WSTTF Fo out] pesues soyngtizzze 3eB8AaeL uoTRIstnboe 4aSAelL DT ASTI AOeAeY) 71 96-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Releas
6-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 2003/0 ‘alqe[Teae sapom Azosues zeyjo fsaTqaT[Tepow Aazosues TenstTauou Jo Adeandoe JUL *OATIOOFTO ST SUTPTEeTYS ITJEUseEM AYZEYM "que s0dur auodsq s}ROSTJe aoue STP ‘g8uea 2eYyM Je ro ‘z79YISyM *uoT{nTosez Tetjeds aaoaduy ued qoefqns YOTYM oF JUNI RY "uot 30m UT $7e87e] YOeI. OF AVTItqe pue e2er 4tq OF FIWET xzeddn ‘gs0001d ayy go Ademnd0e pue uoTjnjtoseir Terodme 3 saocadut ugo qoefqns B YSTYM oF QUERY uAcCUyuy *SsUOTIBDOT 2031e2 Je But -1STX9 se peTyTazea 9q ued JeYI ‘age *spleTy 21 }eUseUIOTQJeTO ‘stjeus “spunos Jaode1 seutq -omos sjoefqns ‘TTeqep eTqPA -zasqo AT[ENSTA 0} UOTITppe UI *PTeTys PATIOITJO Jou BurTppetTys TRoTAF -O90[2 TeyeEMees JO 33RD Aeperey meet OUR A RD BATesarn ae “UGCSASIUT AeAO GOUBTSTP Guetey -j0efqns Jo uoT}oOUNT DVATITSUSS eB Jou UOTINTOssr pue AdeINDOV *sseT 30 JOJOWTT [TW suo Jo Aepao ayy uo "2 [TNOTFFTP azjom $7e8aeq eaTATIedeI zo ‘ptdeax ‘{Tereupyde ‘(spuooss U2] UTYITM of BuTwT] ‘sqn3zds pue sS8ulATjJ [NyJsseoons useAjeq UOTIVTIUSASFJTP) sozeys peatun uqe sem sy. UT sBUTIATJ 3s09 DTIe1S UVOptesog pue urweaynuTW jo ZUIMETA SOUT oWTI-TeeA [Nyssa] -ONS Pepny[SUT sAey sqUeWTIedxe ‘peateorzed uaqjo ere azTs Joes1e2 ay. ye soTRTATIOe oWTI-T ROY UMO WI (n) (penutqu09) IT e1qeL (S) SeTATTepom ArosusS SUL PTETYS sqoeyyo voueIsTd uoTynposex [Terjeds uoTIn[oOsei Teazodual, i DTISTIrsyoeAeYD 72 6-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 2003/0
DP96-00787R000500150001-2 } Approved For Release 200 *paqoedxs AT qeuoseer aq OF STAAZT JUSUBASTUOY *SUTIOBICW OF szojeisue3s Wy fsxzojJOey TeoTskud TeVUSMMIOATAUS JO szI9TFTH *surmmel Ky fsz0z0ey [eotsféyd TequeMUOATAUS JO s7oOVIIF umMouyUy * 409 TIOSUT zo ‘[Teaz9ues ‘snon3tque st p1rty3 -auO ANOGe eTTYUM ‘eITSs ey} FO uoTjdtTzosep azeAnoo.e Ue saqnq -T7suo0d [eTreqeM psqeruUss-Jo9l -qns 9u3 FO spatyj-om] ATYSnNoI PITS Ze3re UeATS eB XO 7eUI so .eoTput sqzoefqns pesouetaedxs fq peqzersues sydtadosues3 BUTMOTA-970UeT Jo sTsk[euy “yoeqpeey YITA aoTqoead fuoTqueqe s, .oefqns 2Y2 WOOAITp pue suotjsenb yse oO} ZOJTUoW SuTAeIT[TIeI eB FO soue -soid {(asodand Jo sseusnotias) UOTJEMACTUT BuTUTeIGO OF Aoueasjpar pue AyTssaoeu Taoprad eB fq0efqns az0y z07DeT YsOe7ARUT *souenbes 3e817e] sATITJedaT gO asn [(S8utjseq Jo syes 37 AOJ BuT3Ise2) sysel] [eTATIAI 03 AAT[Tqe Jo uotzeottdde fyoeqpes; Jo soussqe {saTATTTqtssod j981e4 yo e8peaTmowy yoefqns Tazotad vy UMOTDI (0) (penutjzu0p) TT eTqeL (Ss) AVTTTqetjea pue Adeamno0y SUTMETA dJOUWNT UT ssadons souryus 07 readde Jey. s1z070e4 SUTMETA 2@}O0WeAT UT ssooons 3TqTYyUT 02 aeedde 2eYyR sz0j0Ry DT ASTI .OeAeUD 73 -00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release
96-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 200 *suTqNno2 aulodeq UPD peuUTejgo sewTIoWoOS se sqinsezr qoeszaed-rzeeu 7eYWOYM a en ~_+— *sqoefqns poos Fo S{TF -oad [eoTZoToOyDAsd 10 [eoOTpeu ‘seanpesoid ZuTueeir9s unurjdo fel[qeuteir} Io 4ueTe} [eanjeu yaa uotje[ndod fo a3ej,ued10g *yoroidde STYR FO UOTRIeZTTTIN ZUSeTOTFFS aor sjoefqns so zequnu wnwt do uAoUyUy "AATTTqeT[seaz pue Aoeanodse y0q 03 pae8er YATA ‘aourmi0sied peaoidur umoys eaey potized aveé -[ear2Aes eB TBAO pauTesr] sjoefqns *Azessooeu oq Jou Avw sqoefqns JTeToeds Jo AIT{Tqe[Teae ay} UO 9OUPTTaI FEY BUTISOTPUT ‘squsemiasdxe Surucsios ur ART LTG? ATqTYyxXe SuTUoTZoOUNy dT JeEsSreue -oyodsd Jo £x0RsTY snotAeid ou YATA srsaequNTOA fjuUSzeT YsnoyR ‘pesidsoptm apvedde setiar[tqy *AATTITge Tenqdeorzed ueuny eTqeived -o1 © ST ,,8UTMeTA SJOoMeI,, se uMOUy Aq tqedes ey2 7eYy. o2eoTpUT 6 *satiojeroge, sy IO Ut T-vT suotqeoTi{dez pue ‘“‘wearSo0ad styy UL SUOTJPAZSUOWspP ZuTNUT IUD *sqoefqns [enpTATpuUr yo sosetq ou FO JoezyoO 9yy Butonper fq AITTTqeTTa1 seacidwt ‘qe8aeq UeATS & UO BEEP JOeTIOD 02 sqdwe43e TenprATput suo uey3 oazow Aqoreya ‘AOuepunpey uMOUy (n) (penutqu0p) TI etqeL (Ss) TeTquejod Jusussocladuy sjoefqns pooS Jo uot eOTFTIWUPSptT Suotjzetndod ut AqToedeo otTqeSresus0yoAsd Fo wuoTAngGTta3sTd puawousyd yo SAT Tqeqeedey OTIe1I VsSTOU-0}-TeUsTS eaoidwt oj ADUepuNpea Fo 9sfh DTIST Ide IPYO 74 787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 200
DP96-00787R000500150001-2° /' Approved For Release 200 *eqep (Tsd-uow) aoy}O JOF JuNodse 07 pesod -oid uaeq sary 2eu2 suoT eqTod -BI1X9 DATIPATESUOD JO sTseq ey} uo Jo ‘poojsxzepun ATIUPesead se sotskyd Jo yaomouwery 242 UTYITIM AOF pazunodse oq ued eIep 34} ASYM fSuTpueqs -1epunN WTJTJUeTOS Juaseid Fo seseq ‘939 ‘umquenb ‘oTjeuseU “0120979 02 euemoueyd jo drys -uoTJeTeI feuemousyd eyq Az0F eTqtsuodser sUsTuUeYyoou osToeIg *suvoll [eoTZoTouyse7 Aq paTyt{due aq ued sassao0ad of }eSAzSue -oyoksd quejxe JeyM OF {per0js oq ueo ABTeuS YOTYM oF pue ‘pozlueyoem pue pezT{tTqeqs oq ued euswoUsYyd YoOTUM of versed umouyun *SsT@epoul OTJTIUeTOS JUessad YITA voURTIeA Je eq OF Aeedde UsRJO SOTAsSTASJIeAeYyO eusMIOUSUd *(toJerEUes JUSAS wopuegzl UsATAP-ABDVpP-ARETONU pue estou ‘rzejoMOJOUseEM) SUTMETA SJoWsI ZuTANp e{[qearesqo sue -dtinbe Jo uotjeqanjaed [sAeT-AoT UMOUY (n) (penutzu0cp) TT eTqeL (Ss) SUOTIEASPTSUOD [edT ISIS SUOTIBIOPTSUOD [ROTSOTOUYIeL a DTISTI}OvILYD 75 -00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 200
96-00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 200 "e194 pezazodez zey. 03 Tenbe AseeT je AduetoTsoid Jo Tease, e paaetyoe saRy Ad ASYM poutTM “1938p eq p[noys AI *peaatyoer ueeq sey uoTIeZzTUeYOeU ao ‘A4T[Iqery[ea ‘Aoernooe ut usno JI.y¥ee Ia Pe saunsuM tentate ated hie Me we Re ee ‘32ep 09 sseagZoad TeotTuysay *SUTMSTA 9}OWeT UT ssorZ0id JeTAOS *peqoesied pue pezt{Ttqeqzs aq ued uouamousyd yotym of aea8sq ——— et umouyqUy ‘SUT QUeseiad 942 3e Ssastxe weigoid aTeds-a81zel, e JeUI pue ‘sopeoep [ereaes Joy patsy SoTIJIZAsus0yDAsd UL yAzoM paensand ATFUSRPTWATPUT savy uctuq jyetaos fl 2 UT SeyxIOM Jey UMOoUY ST IT 4-T ) srt *sTeuueyo OVS/IS Yysno2y43 STQUETTPAR STTeIeG “*eqRep voOUSSTT -[93UT Aq pewatyuo. ezep [nzasn pue [NJZuTuvew yonu ajzeszuses 03 2Tqe st 2o0qns e 2ey. SezeOTpPUT SIST[Tetoods ARTunuMOD Kouss “TT[39UT ojetTadoidde Aq uotjen “TRAY *UuOTIeZUSeMTAedKe 3ASPOD~-04 -38b0D pue [eso], BuTANp peTytasa pue peutejqo jeu 07 e[qeazeduos TFewep YIM ‘azosuods ay <q S]981e] Se pePUSTSEep SeTIATTIOPI ArT®iT[TW Yetaos zo suotjzdtTzIs -ep peptTaoad sey ‘siojeustsep Se So ]eUTpPI009 [eoTydeas0es jo esn ey] ysnoaryy “BuTMeTA sjomey UMOUy (0) (pepntoueg) TI etqel (Ss) SJ1I0JJO ZETAOS STOI JeeayI e UT UOTReZTITIN IT ISTIs.OeIABYD 76 -00787R000500150001-2 Approved For Release 2
Approved For ReleegnPEPRS SEEPE Hoe Roceso0ts0001-2 Appendix A STANDARD REMOTE-VIEWING PROTOCOL (LOCAL TARGETS) 77 Approved For Reltgsa Per y (Ag SIFTE £00787 Ro005001 50001-2
Approved For Releqse RIC PAS STEVE D087 R000800150001-2 Appendix A STANDARD REMOTE-VIEWING PROTOCOL (LOCAL TARGETS) The basic outline of our standard remote-viewing protocol is as given in our tutorial paper, "A Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer over Kilometer Distances: Historical Perspective and Recent Research," H, Puthoff and R. Targ, Proc. IEEE, pp. 329-354, March 1976.7 The elements of the protocol, each of which is addressed below, consist of (1) target pool selection; (2) subject orientation; (3) outbound investigator behavior; (4) inbound investigator behavior; (5) post- experiment feedback; (6) judging procedure. 1. Target Pool Selection To carry out an experimental series of, say, n trials with a subject, a list of targets >> n should be prepared in advance by an investigator who will not interact with the subject after that, The targets should be chosen to be distinctive, but not necessarily distinct from each other; that is, rather than just a collection of nondescript street corners one should select bridges, towers, fountains, gardens, plazas, etc., so that a judge could in principle recognize targets on the basis of correct but sketchy descriptions. On the other hand, once having chosen a fountain-type target, there should be several fountain targets; for a bridge target, several bridge targets, etc., in order to avoid the possible subject strategy of "I had a bridge yesterday, so it can't be a bridge today." The subject should be told explicitly that there are similar as well as different types of targets, When the target list is made, each target location should be written on a card and placed in an envelope, the envelopes randomized and numbered, These should then be:stored in a secure safe or similar container, 79 Approved For Relea} Pdc6iqoifie SSH POR Ed00787R000500150001-2
Approved For ReleasePPMICPASSIFIED With regard to whether a target is replaced in the pool after use, the preferable procedure, from a methodological standpoint, is to replace it. (A problem with actual replacement is that the subject, upon becoming aware of a mental image of a previous target, might be biased to reject it as memory. An acceptable alternative is to replace a used target by a new one of similar type--e.g., one fountain by another, ) 2. Subject Orientation Before the experiment, the subject should be shown some previous remote-viewing results with one goal in mind--to get across the idea that one should, as nearly as possible, report raw perception rather than analysis, since the former tends to be correct and the latter is almost always wrong.” A subject needs to understand that a rounded piece of blue metal is just that, and that he should not initially try to determine what it is. Remind the subject that imagination constitutes noise in the channel, and therefore the closer he can get to raw uninter- preted imagery, the better. To have success in the above, the best guideline we have found is to choose as subjects individuals who are self-confident, uninhibited, successful, and not afraid to be wrong. No psychological test we have investigated is as reliable as the above subjective assessment in choosing subjects, 3. Outbound Investigator Behavior At the start of an experimental session, the inbound and outbound investigators and subject should rendevous for a relaxed informal dis- cussion in the laboratory setting. (The outbound investigator or “Figures 3 and 4 in the IEEE paper” are good examples, In Figure 4 the subject had absolutely no concept of a pedestrian overpass, but simply saw a pattern of receding squares; in Figure 3 correctly-dimensioned pools of water were misinterpreted as purification plant pools rather than recreational swimming pools. 80 Approved For Release FRGC OR SOP PETTY 87 ROOeS 00% 50001-2
Approved For Reledge fb G/pofieS §4-Ripif 0787R000500150001-2 investigators must not know the target at this time.) Together they agree on a time for the subject description to start (e.g., 30 minutes hence--the length of time required to reach the furthest target in the pool; this time is then an invariant for all experiments.) The outbound investigator then leaves the laboratory, uses a random-number generating procedure to obtain a number from 1 - n (number of targets in pool), obtains the so-numbered envelope from the target pool, and leaves the premises, (We use a Texas Instruments SR-51 hand calculator, which has a random-number function.) After driving away from the laboratory, he opens the envelope to determine the target, and then proceeds to that location, He should arrange to park and then come upon the target location at exactly the starting time so that his view of it is fresh at the beginning of the experiment. He then simply pays attention to the environment and does not let his mind wander (especially to another target). It does not appear to matter how many people comprise the out- bound team, provided they do not (1) pay attention only to each other, or (2) scatter about. At the end of the agreed-upon target viewing time (usually 15 minutes) they return to the lab, 4, Inbound Investigator Behavior During the period that the outbound investigators spend en route to the target, the inbound investigator and subject have a period to relax and discuss the protocols, (Inbound it is best not to have addi- tional observers.) The goal of the inbound investigator during this period is to make it "safe" for the subject to experience remote viewing. For the initial orientation of a new subject, this typically includes a low-key pep talk as to how remote viewing appears to be a natural, not abnormal, function, that many people appear to have done it successfully, even their first time, and always including the reminder to eschew analysis and simply render raw impressions, Since we think that remote viewing is a difficult task, like per- ceiving a subliminal stimulus, we think it takes the full attentive powers of the subject. Therefore, the environment, procedures, etc., should be as natural and comfortable as possible to minimize the 81 Approved For ReiedebINGiboAeS SA Rls Q0787R000500150001-2
Approved For ReleasePPRICTL? ASST EET nt? attention on anything other than the job at hand. No hypnosis, strobe lights, or sensory-deprivation procedures are ever used, since in our view these (novel) environmental factors take away some of the subject's much-needed attention, We are in this sense proponents of a "naturalist school," If the subject feels more comfortable smoking, or drinking a cup of coffee, that is permitted. These should be arranged ahead of time, however, so that neither subject nor investigator leave the experi- mental room while waiting for the outbound investigator to reach his target. The investigator should have arranged ahead of time to have pen and paper available for drawing, and a tape recorder, When the agreed-upon exper iment time arrives, the inbound investigator simply asks the subject to "describe what impressions come to mind with regard to where the outbound experimenter is.'" Most subjects prefer to close their eyes, but they should simply do what comes naturally. The room lighting is preferably subdued to prevent after-image highlights, shadows on eyelids, etc, It is best that the inbound investigator not pressure the subject to say a lot; he should act as if there is all the time in the world. Otherwise, a subject may tend to embroider descriptions just to be saying something to please the investigator. If the subject tends toward being analytical ("I see Macy's") the investigator must gently lead the subject into description, not analysis, ("You don't have to tell me where it is, just describe what you see."') This is the most important and difficult task of the inbound investigator, It is also useful for the inbound investigator to "surprise" the subject with new viewpoints. (''Go above the scene and look down--what do you see? If you look to the left, what do you see?") The subject's viewpoint appears to shift rapidly with a question like this, and the data come through before the subject's defenses activate to block it out, The shifting of viewpoint also obviates the problem of the subject speriding the entire time giving meticulous detail on a trivial item, such as a flower, which, even if true, will be of no help to a judge. Once a subject feels he sees something, he tends to hang on to this perception rather than commit himself to a new viewpoint. 82 Approved For Releast PIO POA, S'S RF PE £5’ 87R000500150001 -2
Approved For Releapy NCPR SSOTETE PHO 72e/Rooes001 50001-2 The subject must be encouraged to sketch what he sees, even over his objections that he is not an artist, can't sketch, etc. He may do so throughout, or wait until the last five minutes if intermittent drawing would distract his concentration, Since drawings tend to be more accurate than verbalizations, this is an extremely important factor for good results. 5. Post-Experiment Feedback When the outbound investigator returns, the inbound and outbound investigators and subject should proceed directly to the target for feedback, This helps to develop the subject's sense of which parts of his mental imaging are correct, versus incorrect, It completes the experiment for him, so that when he does a following experiment, his mind is not still involved with wondering how he did on the previous one. Only a very experienced subject can function well time after time without feedback, so this must be done for each experiment to ensure success, 6. Judging Procedure In a sense, the most critical part of the remote-viewing procedure is the judging. Any single experiment in remote viewing, even if per- fect, can in principle be dismissed as possibly coincidence, Further, any result less than perfect can be dismissed as a generalized "grass is green, sky is blue" transcript that fits every target. Only blind differential discrimination across a series of targets can put these interpretations to rest, To prepare the transcripts for judging, an investigator not involved in judging must read the transcripts and delete from them any reference to dates or previously used targets, so that a judge could not order the transcripts chronologically or otherwise obtain a priori information useful in matching. Two judging procedures can then be used: Direct Matching, and Rank Ordering. Both procedures assume that n experiments have been 83 Approved For RelebJ AGO; PWS Si MR pP9)00787R000500150001-2
! Approved For ReleascONCPASSIFIED carried out and n responses obtained, The judge must then try to determine which of the n responses goes with which of the n targets, a. Direct-Matching Procedure The n responses (transcripts with associated drawings) are numbered in random order and given to the judge along with the list of n targets, also in a (different) random order, The key is known by an investigator, but not the judge. The judge then visits the target sites and con- structs a one-to-one correspondence list between targets and responses without replacement; that is, no target or response is used twice, : With the correspondence list and the aid of the key, the investigator then consults the statistical table for Direct Matching (Table A-1) to determine whether the result is statistically Significant, For example, if there were 5 correct matches out of 9 responses, the table indicates that the probability of obtaining such a result by chance is p = 0.003125, or roughly 3 times out of a thousand. Since the accepted standard in behaviorial research is that a result can be considered significant if one obtains the value p s 0.05, such a result would be considered sig- nificant--that is, indicative of a nonchance correspondence, The Direct Matching procedure is the simplest to carry out, but will give no credit for a fairly good description if a judge has difficulty in choosing between two possibilities and chooses the wrong one, This procedure is thus overly conservative. The more difficult Rank Ordering procedure, described next, gives partial credit in such a case, and is therefore a more precise statistical tool for analysis of medium-grade results, b. Rank-Ordering Procedure In the use of the Rank-Ordering procedure, the investigator ran- domizes the targets and transcripts as before. Now, however, each of n judges is given a set of the n transcripts but only one of the target sites to investigate, Each judge's task is to visit his assigned target 84 Approved For Rea eR OL AS STE TE yoo ts 0001-2
Approved For Releabg AIC Pe SOP PE? 787R000500150001-2 0000000° soe 9000000° Toooo00" ee" 6000000" *#f00000° ‘€60u000° €800000° 8220000" v¥z0000° | Zits000" E60S000° “SS90E00° [z90c00° vecEeSlO” vizEesto® Zele190" ZETETIO® Loteeul* o6e6eRT*® voleL9e” %6ze296° el iT AOLBLIE” —SOLBL98° 9S0€00* Sz2tEdo® GEESTO® Bg2sTo® OTET9O® EvET9O® Teeeet® séz2ec8Tt* oLez9€° 2eaL9E° 6LeL9E° 62eL9E° oT 6 SLADYVL N BL4200° Liv¥on* ** S29STO*® 68ETO® TTTI90° oS290° 95950° egivet* eeeet™ ssiete LS8L9E° 28819€° 9619€° g90B9¢° 8 d 9 90e9e* 1999€°. CooooO" ce . see €00000° ztoo00" °e° Sz0000* 990000*% 660000° °** oZ0on* 1Zg000° E9000 69000" °** 6ETOO°® ‘€ego0* eeeeo® L999T° 00S2ze° L999€° s (N Asesique Aue 30 Ino aJoW 40 ¥) $0°0 Sd lv LNVOISINDIS H0Se2° FEeEe* ose? 299T° eee 000S* ceee® et ; ot _— _ oT 6 2 a a 9 5 ee - ¥ E 009s° 2 “ee oooct T oo0g* eee 6 2 T Noo W JO LINO SAHOLVW LOAYHOD W 4O SSILIMISVS0O"d JAHL (0) ONIHOLYN LOdyIa T-V eTqeL (n) 85 Approved For RelekgfPE pms SAR 0787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release PAY PACS SPE PE Dh /R000800150001-2 site, read through all the transcripts, and order them best-to-worst match (1 through 5, say, if there are five targets and five transcripts). | With the aid of the key, the investigator then adds up the rank- ordering numbers assigned to each target's associated transcript. For example, if the actual response to a target was given a first place when a judge was looking at that target, then it gets al. I£ the actual response to a target was given a third place match when a judge was looking at that target, then it gets a 3, etc. The addition of these. numbers 1+3+... then yields a number called the sum of ranks. One then consults the rank-ordering table (Table A-2) for the statistic of interest. For example, if there were 5 experiments (5 targets and 5 transcripts) and the sum of ranks was 9, the table for 5 x 5 gives a probability of obtaining such a rank ordering result by chance of 0.0403..., which is significant. A more complete set of tables is given in Solfvin et al.*° 86 Approved For Releasd JWG COPA SS TF ft Epp 87R000500150001-2
Approved For ReleegpPee RS S| AE PEBY0787R000500150001-2 Table A-2 RANK-ORDERING TABLE Number of Targets = 4; Number of Transcripts = 4 SUM OF RANKS P= VALUEY 4 0 «3906356 -02 5 O+195310-01 6 O «585946 -01 7 Q«13E72F O60 8 O«25781E AC 9 Oe41406F 00 0 1 1 Q-58594F 00 L 0«74219F 00 le 0«86328F 60 13 O«S4141F 00 14 Oe-F8047E 00 15 O0eS9609E 60 16 Oe1000CF O1 Number of Targets = 5; Number of. Transcripts = 5 SUM OF RANKS P-VALUE ~§ 0«32000F-03 6 CelG2c0E-02 7 0.672006 -62 8 Q0-.17920F-01 9 0+«40320F-01 10 Oe79040F=01 11 He13824F 06 12 Ce21984E 00 13 Oe5S2224F 00 14 Qe43904E 00 15 O0-S560S6F 00 16 O.67776F 006 17 Oe78016E 00 18 O«-86176F 60 19 O0.92096F 00 20 CeG5968F 00 21 0«98208EF 00 22 0-99328E 00 23 Ce9S80EE 00 Z4 0.99968F 00 25 OelGOOOF Ni “The notation E-02 is to be understood as 1077; E O1 as 10; etc, 87 Approved For Relat Glo Ao. SINFRHE)00787R000500150001-2
| Approved For Release ONCLASSIFIED. Table A-2 (Continued) Number of Targets = 6; Number of Transcripts = 6 SUM OF RANKS P-VALUE é O+214336-04 - 7 0-15003F-63 8 0«60014F-03. ) OeLAON4F-02 10 0645010F-02 it 06990 74F-02 12 0«19676F-01 13 0«35880F-01 14 G eG0764°-01 15 0696472F-01 16 0.14462F C0 17 De20565F 90 18 Oe27949F 00 19 OeS6310F OC 2 a Ce45357F 00 21 O.54642F 00 22 Oe63689F CO- 23 O-.720H1F 00 24 0.79415F 90 25 - O«85537F 00 26 N-90453F 00 27 0693973F 00 28. 0656412F 00 29 OeS8OI2E 00 30 0.99010F 00 31 OeS9550F 00 32 0.99820F 20 33 0.99940F 00 34 Oe99SE5F 00 35 Oo9ISIIBFE 00 46 OelNGCOF G1 88 Approved For Release NCL AS STEPPED one 180001-2
Approved For RelepgQpepres StEPE 0787R000500150001-2 Table A-2 (Continued) Number of Targets = 7; Number of Transcripts = 7 SUM OF RANKS P-VALUE 7 Oe12143F-05 8 06971416 -05 9 0 «437146 -04 1@ O«1l4571F-03 11 Oe«40071iF-03 12 0«96170F~-03 13 Ge20837F-02 14 0+-415e@9F-G2 15 Oe77458F -02 16 O0«13565F-01 17 O«22595F-01 18 0 e35828F-01 19 0«54453F-01 20 Ce7ES44F-01 21 OeliZose a0 22 C.15259F 00 23 Oe20137F G0 24 0«25802F 00 25 QeS2161F 00 2 O-39065F 00 aT G-646315F CO 28 O«53685F 00 29 Oe60935EF 60 oo O«67839F OC 31 O«74198F 00 32 Oe 7S8ESF 00 33 O«84741F 00 34 GeBE7TISF O0 35 O«92645F 00 36 O694555F 00 37 GOe96416F 90 38 C-S7740F CO 39 OaF8641E 00 40 Ge99225F 00 41 Ce99584E 00 42 O.99791F O00 43 0«99903F 00 44 Co99558F 00 45 O0e99984EF CO 46 O.9S5995F U0 47 0-99998F 00 48 0e99999F 00 49 O.1Q000GF 1 89 Approved For Reldab NEG 4o0fio§ ‘S$ HAM £9 -00787R000500150001-2
| Approved For Release PNCLTASSTIFIED Table A-2 (Continued) Number of Targets = 8; Number of Transcripts = 8 SUM OF RANKS P-VALUE 8 0 eS59605F-07 9 0536446 -06 10 0«26822F =-05 11 0 eS8348E-05 12 0-29504E-84 13 Qe7E7TIIE~“04 14 Del TEGIF $03 15 06583565 =-03 16 0766636 -083 17 C+14447E-02 18 Oe258ETE~02 19 0 644264F ~-62 20 Oe72724F-02 21 Qe11515F-61 22 0«17628F-901 23 0e26157F-01 24 0.377902E-01 25 0-S2890F-01 26 0e72328E-01 eT 0.96562F=-1 28 Oel26cd2F 60 29 O«1G6095F 00 30 Oe20139EFE OC 31 Oe24714E 00 32 0-29772F O0 33 Ge352357F 00 34 O-41012F 00 35 0+«46982F 00 a6 O«53018F 00 a7 0-S8988E 00 38 OeG47ESE C0 593 Oe70228F 00 40 O-.75286F 00 41 Qe79860E O00 42 O«83905F a0 43 O«87398E 20 44 O-90344E 00 45 Qe92767EF O00 46 OeS4711E O06 47 Oe96229F G0 48 O.97384F 80 49 O«98237F 00 50 OeFBR4SF 20 51 0«S927T3E O00 52 O.99557F 00 53 Ce9IT4SIE OC 90 Approved For Release] 2pay (2 PSA OS PETE By? R000500150001-2
- Approved For eeseOINCEASSIFIED Table A-2 (Concluded) Number of Targets = 10; Number of Transcripts = 10 SUM OF RANKS P=-VALUE 10 0.10000E-09 11 0.11000F-08 12 0.660 00E-08 13 0 «28600F-07 14 0.10010F-06 15 0.30030F-06 16 0 -80080F-06 17 0019448F-05 18 0643758h-05 19 0.923 78F-05 20 06184 756-04 21 0 e35261F-04 22 04645596 -04 23 0+114126-03 24 061°512F-03 25 0 e32387F-03 26 0.52317F-03 27 06824185-03 2 0.12686F-02 29 0.191 06F-02 30 0.28197 -02 31 0 -40825F-02 32 0.58049F-02 33 0811335 -02 34 0611156F-01 35 0.15103F-01 26 0e20143F-01 3 0.26484F-01 3 0e34347F-01 39 0.43960F-01 40 0-55552F-01 41 0 693 45E-01 42 0.855410-01 43 0.10432F 00 44 0.12581F 00 45 O.15011F 00 46 O.17725F 90 47 G.20721F a0 48 Q.23987F 00 49 0.27506F 00 5 0.31255£ 00 51 0.352G2F 09 52 0e39311F OC 53 0e43538E GO 54 0.47838F CO 92 Approved For Release UPRECOL A'S SEPT ED’ 2000800 150001-2
Approved For Release alder P96-00787R000500150001-2 Appendix B SUMMARY OF KEY EXPERIMENTS IN LONG-DISTANCE COORDINATE REMOTE VIEWING GENERATED FOR THIS PROGRAM DURING PREVIOUS YEAR’ ® (U) 1. Real-Time Targeting (Minuteman and Poseidon Missile Static Test Firings in the Western United States) (S) (U) In an effort to determine the characteristics of real-time remote viewing, SRI subjects were requested to target on a series of events to take place at various given coordinates in the western United States (Utah and China Lake, California) during designated time windows. The nature of the events was kept blind to all SRI personnel until five such experiments were completed, One subject participated in the experi- mental series for all five events, while a second participated in only one, During the series the subjects were located, respectively, in the Menlo Park, California SRI Laboratory and in Los Angeles, California, During the tests, the subjects made drawings, and their verbal descrip- tions were tape-recorded, (S) The characteristics of the events, which SRI investigators were told later were static tests of Minuteman and Poseidon solid- propellant missile firings, were picked up in some detail by both sub- jects, During the five event windows, three tests were carried out and two were canceled because of technical problems. The subject who participated in the entire series correctly noted this sequence and also was able to indicate actual event time to within ten seconds in one of the experiments in which precise timing information was obtained by recording WWV time signals on the session tape, (S) A drawing by one of the subjects of a dust cloud raised during the test is shown in Figure B-1 along with a photograph (Figure B-2) for comparison. A comparison of a test-site schematic with a sketch one of the subjects generated for that test is shown in Figure B-3, and a photograph of the test bay is shown in Figure B-4, 95 Approved For ReleascaB@Guin Gagan 96 -00787R000500150001-2
0150001-2 -00787R00050 : For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96 Approved For UNCLASSIFIED a wuble dict Olof OO a ae seed fst ins FIGURE B-1 DRAWING BY SUBJECT of DUST CLoUD RAISED DURING ROCKET | ENGINE Test (U) (U) The Tesults of the experiments thus ineludeg recognition of §° versus NO-~20 Conditions, Ciming to within ten Seconds, and descrip. tions of the events as "drawn-out muffled Foars" which "raised dust clouds" and involved "glowing melting materials, Although the infor mation that the Subjects Yelate Most accurately tends to be Ronanalytic, Pertaining to Shape, form, Color ang material, rather than to function | or name, under 4Ppropriate circumstances Such data can be useful, i 96 UNCLASSIFIED 0150001-2 -00787R00050 For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96 Approved For
Approved For Releastb DE GdoA S SABE Dys7R0005001 50001-2 97 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 38 LEED e7r0005s00150001-2 eas oe UNCLASSIFIED (U) PHOTOGRAPH OF DUST CLOUD AT ROCKET TEST SITE FIGURE B-2
Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2 i ' 7 Yar _ re LLY ae teed, Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release pq 04/0: $8 RBH 46-)787R000500150001-2 99 Approved For Releadd PN SobA:S9. EE By787R000500150001-2 UNCLASSIFIED PHOTOGRAPH OF TEST BAY SHOWING TEST FIRING OF ROCKET ENGINE (U) FIGURE B-4
' Approved For Release 200 Soret etaian e008 787R000500150001-2 2. | Sponsor~Designated Targets in the USSR (S) (S) The project monitor conveyed to SRI investigators the coordi- nates of the first Soviet site. Although the coordinates were intended to designate an airport of interest, they were obtained from a list that in fact corresponded to a nearby population center. In response, a sub- ject targeted on this site generated the drawing of a dam as shown in Figure B-5, This drawing was delivered to the project monitor who had forwarded the coordinates, Although the existence of the dam was unknown to the project monitor when he chose the coordinates, he later verified that a dam resembling the subject's drawing was located within a few miles of the coordinates, roughly as far from the population center as the airport of interest, (U) It was then agreed that the appropriate next step was to obtain an overview from the subject without indicating to him that the item of interest was an airport. Should he find an airport during this second phase, he would then be asked for more detail. This procedure was followed and resulted in the overview shown in Figure B-6; the sub- ject did in fact mention an airport in his overview. After completion of the overview, the SRI investigator monitoring the subject's efforts requested more detail on the airport. Figure B-7(a) shows the runway outlines and nearby buildings, while Figure B-7(b) indicates detail on a structure at the end of the major runway. These data were evaluated by the project monitor, and much of the description was verified, Further details can be supplied on a need-to-know basis by the project officer, b. Soviet Site 2 (5S) (S) Coordinates for a second Soviet site were given to SRI investi- gators, who then passed them on to a subject, As a result of an error on the part of the individual who chose the coordinates, the coordinates were not of a site of interest, but rather of a barren area out in the countryside. 100 Approved For Release 20 Lea lta S00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 2005 pGte Heeb? 96-00787R000500150001-2 1B Wer, 1%7¢ 10. am alte SG1A A ster ws (th a clamex i. Hot too high ~ otaut wo yonds anos. / a.cood 5132 Tow aes recon, SECRET FIGURE B-§ REMOTE VIEWING BY GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF DAM SITE IN THE USSR (S) 101 Approved For Release 2agag@puebifeining 96-00787R000500150001-2
| Approved For Release 200 OE PROS 00787R000500150001-2 | — \ IUMox, 76 (5 qalied en sche that remuds z * Shad 9 Ont Onaguee 1A 7 t, desancle rae wine Ses A danage heqlaraty ae oh, % te 0 . as ama rrachlin fh Renee eran! Le te le SE. ee a al, 2 lan SECRET FIGURE B-6 REMOTE-VIEWING OVERVIEW OF DAM-SITE LOCALE, SHOWING AIRPORT OF INTEREST IN THE LOWER LEFT (U) 102 Approved For Release 2003/0 P 96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release 200 grE@rieielaiar 96-00787R000500150001-2 YY scp Ths fs ce Crmenrial fralel, “ NO (a) DETAIL ON RUNWAYS ye oh a, TY Vr ai (b) DETAIL ON STRUCTURE AT END OF MAJOR RUNWAY SECRET FIGURE B-7 REMOTE-VIEWING SKETCH OF DETAIL ON RUNWAYS AND STRUCTURES (Soviet Airport}  (S) 103 Approved For Releascenaiggaapegerepi em? 96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Release PP RIV79 AS SPE PET ooo tot 2 (U) In response to the coordinates, the subject described a town to the southwest. and a relatively barren area with "loopy roads" at the target site (Figure B-8), As before, the sketches and a written description were turned over for evaluation to the project monitor, who subsequently verified the results as matching the coordinates given in error. The error thus provided an opportunity to verify that (1) the subject's output is not simply geared to match the expectations of the investigators, and (2) the subject does not simply conjure up what may reasonably be expected to be correct (an educated or "safe! guess), but in fact describes the area appropriate to the coordinates even though it may run counter to the subject's own expectations. This exper iment thus inadvertently provided a control trial of the type useful in the testing of human abilities. 104 Approved For Releas¢ FRFC2{0R SCTE PEVY 27 R000S 001 50001-2
Approved For Release SSO GHR tae PSBP00787R000500150001-2 htan “echoes” Sab deyiees ? (Reclon?) SECRET ‘ FIGURE B-8 RURAL SOVIET SITE (5S) 105 Approved For Release 2QBiUR EickiaitiaP 96-00787R000500150001-2
Approved For Releas NCLA : SiHiED U SSIFIED Appendix C DATA-SOURCE TRANSCRIPT (COMPLETE) (U) 107 Approved For PEIRCE AS ST ETE Ry ooo tS 0001-2