0031002
372
M. B. Golant
S?L°«
rganiSm ‘ If aDy °f thC fUDCti0DS of the orgaQism « disturbed, exposure to coherent e.fa f
radiations may in many cases restore it.
It is important to note that heat exposure cannot give effects satisfying these patterns
This
111
r
UdV
hC CXiStenCe °f PUreIy thCTmaI effects
depending on frequency’
and corresponding to low
levels of the acting power
flux
[13,
14],
orff T° 2?
idC3S fr°mthe
,
eXPerimen' S 0n the nat“e
“»e action of e.h.f. radiations on living
oEr l .T
f0 C
I"
P 3yed by thC C°mm0n nature of the Pa,terns Presented for organisms
noMo^onfineTh^fieM
^
0^
311™*'00 ^^ ^ *° USC the data °f
investigations and
not to confine the field of the investigations to the characteristics of any one object
conclusions!
5 ^ ^ P2UernS HStCd 0U“ined ,B the grCateSt detail in
I14 *
suggested two main
a)
f
Th* effeCt of ooherent e.h.f. radiations on living organisms adds up to the control of the
SSr
0CCUninB ^
‘hem aDd PIOCeSSCS °f adaPtati°n * the *“•«»» conditions of
b) the effectiveness of the acute resonance action on the organism of radiations originate
irom sources of coherent oscillations external in relation to
it
is connected with the
t thatThesf
radiations may excite in the organism coherent e.h.f. oscillations
nr”
5 ^
th<! °r8aniSmS themselves ‘ A similar conclusion
is also contained
in
refer-
comnw7
VCr
’
,
thC PaSM8C
fr°m
*hC pattems
out,ined to these conclusions
at
first ran through
mplex logical reasoning. The question of more direct experimental evidence retained
its acuity
r^way in whiIh
t
r
V‘eW “
t0 2 deSCription of “• The material W“1 be outlined in the order
orohiern L
!
f°r answering the specifically posed questions corresponding to the
compleTeness of th/'
Ch
t
°'“ °f the experiments described in each case
is determined by the
ompleteness
of the answer to the question posed ensured by them.
imDomnt^^u
V
°'r
mC °f ‘he PaPCr thC information necessary for illuminating the most
c,mta?nedin7rn,7tH
e problcm
'hc material wiH * «Pven without going into details which are
contained m the quoted sources. In particular, the communications
[11,
17, 18] are specially de-
£11'
m°n - Here- ” ^ ‘o.MhT,nt
*
periments described below m nearly all cases the range of changes occurring on exposure to e.h.f.
radiations was far smaller than the mean value of these changes.
UNK BETWEEN THE ACUTE RESONANCE CHARACTER
OF THE RESPONSES OF ORGANISMS TO THE ACTION OF
E.H.F. RADIATIONS
AND THE INFORMATION FUNCTION* OF THE LATTER
feirfnB
from^arrn7
henS,VC C°ntr°l °f th® functioning of “ organism many control signals
dif-
Swne« of
^ neC7
ary-^ aCuity 0f the resonance responses of the body to irradiation
Sled
* °f
J2. 7q
,
UC
u
Cy
' “*• for example > Fi* » characterizing the first of the above
spectra “
t7
bUtCS ?
formation on thc
of them of a large number of different
JSk’JI
the question of how far the acute resonance nature of the responses of the
waf^c^J^
,?
?-
/
C,h,f- radlat,ons «^ay indicate the information function of the latter,
it
The action spectra ivy
*i<n
0UISC *** tbat a *arse numbcr of such resonance response actually exists.
12,2?1£2
; ,
19]
in
2 “dependence of a certain biological parameter on
fre-
b
,S actually 80 ’ f SimiIar dependences had already been registered
a«S^t/ S7
y ^ nUmber 0f
.
identificd resonance, was smaller. With such a density of
ensure a huee
0^^
m th® frcquency
thcir combinations in the spectra may
ensure a huge vanety of signals. But this will correspond to the diversity of control only with the
t We°wo7d“n fU1f
i0“ vnmeaatba rolc 0{
radiations as control signals.
in Fig lb Z~
7 m rcf*renC0 [19J for Sorae resonance curves from among those shown
g. 2b, we present a large number of experimental points.
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pproved For Release 2000/08/08
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Action of electromagnetic radiations of millimetre wave range on living organisms
i ii
ct that th
generated
ed m
reft
Jf
mm
ran thron
d
its acus
in the or
iding to the;
lined by the
Fio.
1. Induction coefficient of lambda prophage as a function of the frequency of the acting ra-
diation [11].
condition that to each of these bands correspond states of the organism somehow differing from each
other. The action spectra presented do not answer the question of whether or not the last condition
is fulfilled. They reflect the dependence on frequency of only one single biological parameter and the
mSe!J
r \
so r
\
A
A
A
/
\
\
•'
/
\
/
\
e.h.f.+R
A
A
A
A
A
\/\
!\
\
/
/
\
/
\
i
\
I
\
i
\
I
710
7-1H
7-18
7-22
A,mm
Fig
Dependences of the normalized growth rate of a yeast culture on the frequency of the acting
radiation [12] (a) and change in the number of karyocytes (N/.V0 ) after exposure to e.h.f. comb.ned
with X-radiation with the wavelength of e.h.f. radiations in free space [19] (b).
character of the change in the other parameters is not defined. Moreover, biological methods cannot
provide an answer to this question since complete examination of the biological object
is extremely
laborious,
if feasible at
all
[21].
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374
M. B. Golant
detect.cn of the frequencies of exposure optimal in term, ofS ma
* CXpenmcnts on ‘he
processes in the organism
[22]. The results of one Ih
i
the
. max,mum intensification of different
frequencies optimal in terns ofSS the ZimnmT
®
" 8iVen ta Fig- 3 ‘ «*» ‘he
are usually scattered far apart the corresponding exnerimen^IT
‘
°f
arb,trar,ly chosen parameters
or .ho Ohrorooceo * .ho offocu op *.2,“^— “ *—
ONE OF THE POSSIBLE WAYS OF IDENTIFYING THE UNIT rctu/eeu
THE GENERAL STATE OF THE BODYS thTfrToS'
OF THE EH.F. RADIATION ACTING ON
IT~ ‘— a different
integral characteristics existLuenL““y
worked out
[23]. Some
an integral characteristic is, in particular the dumSfS
“f OCCumng in ‘he cells. Such
successive divisions (hereafter, for brevity duration of th
^ ?'dcveiopment ot
cell between
^.or . 6. o,o,os
i, d,s«*d whh tt^Uoa 11 11,1721 '£%%%
A JU. J
length of the aaing^ldiationi^ free^w "fbr^
*° ControI) “ a function of the wave-
ad.at.on in free spa« for two ddfcrent substrates
[22]: 7-alpha amylase;
Fin dr
,
2-glucoamylase.
p.«d
t-“ -P— .0 0.hX radiation; h-os-
of dewlopmoo. ho.woo, «*»*.
f“ ta^
f
f
I
in the frequencies ofThe^h f
oKfflat
•* m^ dura*10n of the cycIe ia connected with the difference
these ortLonT^
the* * ** ^er synchronization of
to two hours)«po^£32r^£2
f ^
^
from several tens of minute,
radiation, the dfifer^ncein "“"cn‘ s,8nal °f “on-thermal intensity from an external source of e.h.f.
reflected in the constant of tS Z*Z 2th
06,18
removed and
through mutual synchronizatio
t .2
2 ^
Steps ^Flg‘
A s,milar effect can also be obtained
For t£ it
‘ A
^
• °Ut rCSOrtin**“ external emitter,
can be achieved, in particular by introdurintr 'f
As
.
S
howa m
25] amplification of emission
as antenna (this will be exanfined below in more de'tS)!
*'1SP*DSi°a l0ng-fibrous mo,ecules actin*
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Action of electiomagnetic radiations of millimetre wave range on living organ.sms
„
,h. same time. diifcrcnt «»•. <°
t,min
_L
HO
SO
f,GHz
Fig.
5,
Ourati.n 0, ,* -
“ a
of the frequency of the e.h.f. raaiauon^
e
prnportional ,o the frcouccy of lh.
srs».tr=£—-—— - ,te t~ dto
^4»ui>> * • ""d" d"™- “1*ttv''1'
0y?s;rs^^^
.
. „ tha,
The iarge number and regularity of lines m tl» «*»
sEl^iw^neigh-
e.h.f. radiation leads to excitation of multunodal reso^
y
of the mean wavelength in the
bouring resonances in wavelength in ft. f£
<«£»
^possible t0 determine the number of
region in which the spectrum is recordedfsee
^
(v/uh this condition AX corresponds to change
wavelengths in the excited resonance syrteml^“
system, i.e. transition to resonance
per unit number of wavelength accoromoda
example, in the experiments run with cells
5 the type of oscillations closest to tbe tttJoM .T^Ltped In Terence (121 N* l®00 <s“ F": 2> '
and deStted in 0>1 1*« 200. I» «» experiments tomMtot
^ ^
The wavelength in the system In order ofm^ m^
u
the „a,elength in the
of the cell (microns to tens of microns)
s
Ce [24] and this, in turn, indicates that
excited system is ~ 104 times shorter than tha^‘h* f
vcU^ity of sound (in order of magnitude),
the waves in a multimodal resonance system spread at
stKiCtra indicates
that on exposure
Thus, the experimentaUy established nmm^o
oscillations are excited in them
[24].
the ^113 to electromagnetic radiations acoustic-ciecm
7m theV are also due to resonances
^dging'fronl the character of tho action
on the ynopagation
in the cells. For the oscillations to be excited by el“
^ ^ relatively low. This requirement is
2 altr.i~lcc.ric occillatitm. in •>»»*«•^dCil%J
.decay a. dirbmocc 4 to.
i0“
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376
M. B. Golant
sions. This led to the conclusion that the role of the
hp.d membranes [27, 28], But the membranes are su^o^ri h
SystCms may
P*^
aqueous
salt solutions (hereafter for brevity called an
d by ^‘oplasm-a medium representing
ohm.c losses. Does not this make resomtn
characta"“d by heavy
tions described in reference [29] showed that the hydronh^
membnmes imP°ssi bIe? The investiga-
is separated from the hydrophilic (directly contiguous to t h
P"t
*“ membranes witb low losses
~ JO A
At the same time the above-indicated vTe 0f
mediUm) by ,ayerS °f thickne«
responds to fall by an order in the density of the power ftus offhV i™'''
Pr°pagation
I06 ) cor-
Therefore, an e.h.f. field of sharply reduced amplitude reachesih
°W *
~ 10 ^ [30].
'osscs in
,t do not impede resonance excitation of the
*”*'
It
* °0'
a
a*.
k!
Fio. 7
]iWth those on excitation by e.h”°fieldT of passive d
°f^ aC‘‘0n spcctra cannot be equated
in experimental study of the action SDectra th
k-
i**
rodynamic structures. The difference
is that
The biological effect is linked by a conrolex
r*
cffect
‘S the discrete output parameter,
bmne and in a complex ^metabolic sTem^vT ****** *° the“ «*£ on the mem-
t0
*
aod their gho“‘££££
considerai^^lM^^^'^Bc^^^^jIg^^^^^^^^^P^^^n^e^membianes^iay rise
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nuclear mem
Action of electromagnetic radiation, of millimetre wave range on living organhm.
, „ fPi*
ft
This is direct confirmation of the fact that the e.h.f. may excite oscilla-
cases are very clo“
^
fallows one to tie the observed biological effects of the action
of
C-nJ -
_
.ae*
a tin
’ WH«
t
AND
,
.
fluence exerted on them and
changes in
the character of
functioning. In technical
lished under
its influence detenn
g
.
f
certain types of oscillations special struc-
multimodal
conditions of excitation for these types of oscillations,
tures are used determining
,tructure. fixing the type of oscillations could be created only by
In the case of
_Uvmg
action 0^ofthe c .h.f. radiations. The duration of the process
the organism itself n the^
conclusion that such structures are formed m the organism on
of memorization already led
* determined by the time of construction of the stratum
exposure to an e.h.f. (see aoov
;,
^
f experiments described m [32].
D"P" S‘aJy0f 'teq
-
a---.° SSirSJSS ™”.w. .ha, £. Holopcai effect of e.h.f
In the course ofth^ P*
continuous is replaced by pulsed irradiation with a power of
exposure for
1 hr does not cna
g
^n-e oower of the continuous exposure
the pulse radiation equal to
t ® p0™
«
d thc porosity on pulse exposure was equal to six.
was close to the threshold ™“c^^ wgs Mveral times lowcr than the threshold value for conti-
of the in*™* was 2X10- sec. Tim followm* coneluston. could
the e.h.f. oscillations stay .. . level dmr» tb*
'eMbBsbrf to t»^a
mmn.rix.lkm
-"
.;r
-r
>•— --
structures fixing the new (resulting
“ b
character of the structures formed. Morpho-
Nor did these experiments allow US to Judge the etoa^ 01 tue
,
tovt been
logicl investigations were uee.es.;, “ *
- memory [33,. I.-
widely conducted in connexion wi
..
.
particular, to the formation on their
of forgetting again pass to the cytoplasm (Fig.
3).
INFLUENCE OF T
Lo^tOXL ^ECT^t^THsLlCTO^ANI^ON^H^DYNAMICS*^*''
OF TORMOTiON^OF STRUCTURES DEtERMINIfW THE MEMORIZATION OF .HE
RESULTS OF EXPOSURE TO AN E.H.F.
Uni*. ..erg, fetor, acting
mined by the energy coming from wi h
)
.
.
....
freauency spectrum if it cor-
„ primarily defined b,
chants of
responds to the natural frequencies of
.
- reflecting fi). This indicates
power d« no, depend on the
SSL described in ih.
that the volume of the
, njuspees the character ofthe e.h.f. field formed
previous section stmtiM
,
, engineering this is natnmll the frequency of the sigonls
pHmmily depend, on the ehameter
%£*£££!to other words, the frequency to a far higher degree depend, on the locatton
of the elements forming the
structure than on
their
size.
roved For Release 2000/08/08
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1-0 3
'
hW'3 I’lO'1
1-10
f
P,mW/cm\
'
P,mW/cm 2
2*NT*
2*70"
P, mW/crr, z
Fio. 8
Fia. 9
Fio.
8.
Coefficient of induction of synthesis of colitsin as a function of the flow density of e.h.f.
radiation [7],
Fio.
9. Duration of exposure (f0 -time of irradiation) as a function of the flow density of e.h.f.
radiation for an unchanged biological
effect:
1 - minimum time taken to synchronize oscillations
of all
cells; 2 -time required to synchronize oscillations of 15 per cent of the cells; 3 -maximum
exposure time for which synchronization of the oscillations of the cells still does not appear.
However, the dynamics of the process of formation of informational structures cannot
be
influenced by the power of the signal causing them to form. To identify the nature of this influence
a series of experiments was run. They determined, in particular, the dependence of the degree of
synchronization of the oscillations in yeast cells on the duration and power of the signal acting on
the cell suspension. The results of such an experiment are given in Fig. 9. The character of the
dependence of the degree of synchronization on time
is quite trivial. The greater the initial shift
of frequencies of the oscillations generated by the cells from the frequency of the synchronizing
signal the longer must be the process of synchronization determined by the rearrangement of the
structure adhering to the membranes. Comparison of the dependences of the degree of formation
of the informational structures on the exposure time and the power of the acting signal allows one
to judge a great deal.
As may be seen from Fig. 9, the power of the e.h.f. signal is connected with the time of exposure
required to achieve a certain biological effect, a dependence close to exponential. With what is this
connected? The biological effect is determined by the formation of informational structures. It may
be assumed that acceleration of this process is connected with enlistment for their formation of protein
molecules from layers of the cytoplasm more distant from the membrane but the
e.h.f.
field on
moving away from the membrane drops exponentially (see above). Therefore, for the e.h.f.
field
forming the structures to reach the required value at a larger distance from the membrane the ex-
ponential drop of the field must be compensated by an exponential rise in the external e.h.f. signal.
It should be noted that thanks to fall in the amplitude of the e.h.f. field in a direction perpendic-
ular to the membrane surface the molecules shift under the influence of the field not so much along
this surface as are attracted to it [34]. Therefore, the process of the action of the e.h.f. field described
on the molecules in the. volume of the cytoplasm explains not only the process of the formation of
informational structures on the membranes (see, for example, Fig. 7) but also the process of drawing
the protein molecules described in reference [35] to the surface of the membrane (Fig. 10) in condi-
tions unfavourable for the functioning of the cell, i.e. in periods when in it restorative and adaptative
processes develop. Apparently this process of drawing the protein molecules to the membrane sur-
face organized by tbe e.h.f. field indicates that the role of the e.h.f. signals is not confined to deter-
mination of the “direction” of the restorative activity of the cell. They take part in the process of
mobilization of its resources which
is
greater and more rapid
the more intense the controlling
signal.
In disci:
control proc
most directi’,
bn synchron
lation of the
(noise) oscili
such
oscilla
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380
M. B. Golant
i
I
tion of the phenomenon, the authors of reference [23] ran the following experiment similar to those
described above with synchronization of the cell-generated oscillations by the external monochromatic
e.h.f. signal. The only difference was that irradiation was with a signal modulated in frequency. The
results are given in Fig. 12 showing that the greater the amplitude of frequency modulation (inevi-
tability causing some
initial desynchronization of the oscillations in the cells) the greater must be
the power of the signal to achieve in a fixed time period a certain degree of synchronicity of cell
division. Rise in the power required for synchronization with increase in the amplitude of frequency
modulation is of an exponential character.
In line with the analysis made in the preceding section the character of the dependence observed
indices that in conditions of low coherence of the oscillations in the cells control of their functioning
calls for high mobilization of the cell resources. This, in turn, may explain why the not-young or-
ganism with its weakened links (including electromagnetic) apparently already unable to ensure high
coherence of the generated signals
is more subject to disturbances and diseases. Consequently,
it
may explain why in the case of upsets of the functioning of the organism associated with disturbance
of the intercellular or intracellular links (which would not cause this upset) exposure to external
coherent e.h.f. signals at certain,
i.e. determined by the character of the disturbance, frequencies
has
a
beneficial
effect on the restoration of normal functioning.
We would note that the last experiment is very illustrative in terms of showing the non-thermal
nature of the action of the e.h.f.
effect: frequency modulation in a narrow range has practically
no affect on
the energy absorbed by the cells. At the same time as may be seen from Fig. 12, main-
tenance of the biological effect requires an exponential increase in the energy expenditure.
(
INTERCELLULAR
E.H.F.
LINK AND
E.H.F.
LINK
IN
THE VOLUME OF THE
INTEGRAL
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM
The preceding sections were mainly concerned with experiments involving intracellular processes.
However, the experimentally established patterns presented equally apply to multicellular organisms
and in the last case the local e.h.f. exposures may influence change in the functioning of the regions
of the body quite remote from the irradiating surface.
This calls for experiments answering the following questions:
1) how can the e.h.f. signals gene-
rated by the cells be emitted beyond the cell (we would recall that as shown above the e.h.f.
field
in the normal state of the cell
is pressed to the membrane surface over a distance ~ 1 nm); and 2) over
which channels can the
e.h.f. signals in the organisms spread over large distances?
The first of these questions may be answered by the investigations [24] showing that emissions
of the e.h.f. signals from the cell may be enhanced if on the membrane surface projections form with
'a height of several tens of Angstroms especially if several such projections acting as antennae shift
relative to each other by distances close to the wavelength in the membrane (~ 100 A) for the middle
part of the e.ii.f. range. In fact, the photographs of the membranes recorded with an electron micro-
scope corresponding to the periods when the normal functioning of the cells was disturbed in one
way or another revealed such projections -septa (near-membrane aggregates) with the dimensions
indicated above [33] (Fig. 13). Such antennae may be used to transform part of the energy of the
retarded to the energy of the non-retarded wave.
If the antennae are situated at points of the resonance system at which the oscillations have
an identical phase,
i.e. at points separated by
. distances equal to a whole number of wavelengths,
and the length of the antennae is sufficient to take the oscillations from these points to the region
where the amplitude of the retaided wave is heavily reduced then in this region the set of antennae
will excite the non-retarded wave since at each given moment the field at the ends of these antennae
is identical. Naturally, the non-retarded wave may be excited (though less effectively) by a single
antenna.
The main means of propagation in the body over distances of information associated with the
excited e.h.f. oscillations appears to be the nervous system. The experiments of Sevast’yanova showed
that anaesthesia like the sectioning of nerve fibres lessens the influence of e.h.f. impacts on the func-
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ease 2000/08/08
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:ir tone
not-you
to ensure
lular organism;
l of the reff
ind 2)
emissidiu^pfe^’
form
nnae
;he middfofcSfej^
on vSSSBK^^S.
xd in
gy ofthi^;*f
•
-J+Hft'Si.
'..
'}’
ions hw®;)
t
-
!r
'
/clengtiu*/
he regioa
-
antennae
’ 7
antennae.,.
.
<f a single
.
* V.
ated with tl»';
nova showed
on the funcs
.
•
» .-iiu^t™wave range on living organisms
**
•
•
•MtfelSn.lImil shut!
of the body. It was assumed that the e.
,
v ^ conclusion was fi*?t formulated
fibres the e.h.f. losses in which are minimal (sees
ove).
dcscribed In reference [35]
Af,MHz
‘y±i
I t n^-Pt
KT*
W/cm z
Fio. 13
r,
nf freouency modulation After which the frequen-
;
irrr^^ri;— rad,*,,“ ,or 1^
dcnsity Fm
-..feinted with its activation: endocytotic
<
if
.
f mi of the effect of e.h.f. signals on the body if the
enhancement described by the authors o
l
*
tion
points
of acupunture
are
directly «Posed “'*?*)
signals with the moving cells (primar.ly the
Also possible is humoral""S
rco[responding frequency. But the author does not have
blood cells) by 8enera^
g 0^
l
imcnts confirming this assumption,
to hand the results of direct experiment
REFERENCES
.
.
.
Dussian) GOST 24375-80
U.S.S.R. State
•
-Terms and Definitions
(in Russian) w
Radiocommunications
T
: ssj^rtssru—-*—— «°— * H*uk- Mos“w-
‘
1968
, „
The,mal Exposure to Millimetre Radiation on Biological
3. DEVYATKOV, N. D., Effects o
°n'
Akad
Nauk SSSr, Moscow,
1983
4 DEVYATKOV^N^D. and GOLANT, M. B., RE, *. H. 1™1967
i
v ZhTF l^f^Uogiyail: 163, 1981
6. DEVYATKOV, N. D. ,t u/
Rad,o
^
3glf l979
«’• 1973
11. WEBB, S. J., Phy»- L«t-A73. 145, 19
51: 1214, 1983
s
P-.- « «>• »’• 1979