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III
PROPOSED PROGRAM
A.
Objective
The objective of
the proposed program
Is
to investigate and develop
techniques
to enhance human perception of remote
stimuli.
n epen en
measures,
such
as EEC correlates,
will be used wherever appropriate
as
an aid
in performance evaluation and enhancement.
B.
Technical Approach
Our past year’s research has yielded considerable evidence that
certain individuals have developed the ability to Perceive^ccurateiy
distant objects and scenes.
In addition,
it
appears
that ordinary
subjects
(not
specially
selected)
can also perceive remote
stimuli
at
Hevel of awareness
sufficient to
at least provide direct physiological
output
as to the nature of the
stimulus.
Therefore,
SRI proposes
to center
a research program ground gifted
subjects who have successfully participated in our research to date,
but
also including unselected
subjects.
With these we
shall en
to define possible limitations with regard to remote viewing.
We
sha
be particularly attentive to the physical,
physiological,
and psycholog-
ical parameters governing
the phenomenon.
We will use
a var e y
o
physiological measurements
to help both subject
and experimenter
measure the accuracy
and reliability of
the subjects
descriptions.
The overall goal
of
such
a program
is
to make possible the separation
of
signal
(veridical material corresponding
to
a given remote
locat on
from noise
(false internal
information)
so
as to result
in an a
that
can be usefully applied.
A defiled description of the "method of approach"
to be used
in
this research has been described in Section
II of this proposal.
The
investigation that we propose here
is an extension of the work Just
described, which we have been pursuing
for the past year.
We plan
to
continue to employ
those methods
and techniques that have yielded the
greatest
success
in this recently completed research.
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S t at ement
of Work
(1)
By working with gifted
subjects
and SRI-generated target
materials,
SRI will measure the accuracy of
remote view-
ing
as
a function of such variables
as
length of viewing
time,
target
distance,
and target
complexity.
Based on
the data accumulated,
SRI will attempt to define
the
characteristics of
the information channel
in terms
of
bit
rate,
resolution,
and other parameters of interest.
In order to determine the limits of the remote viewing
ability,
both pictorial
and geographic target material
will be used.
(2)
In order
to discriminate against
the possibility of
an
unknown experimenter/subject leakage channel,
for some
experiments the client will provide geographical targets
unknown
to the experimenters to ensure
that
the
subject
uses only
a remote viewing channel
in his determination
of the nature
of the target.
(3)
Following
a lead provided by work
at
another laboratory
in which
a subject could identify pictorial ^material even
if the picture was only "mentally projected
onto
a car
in
a sealed envelope,
SRI will
study the use of pictorial
target material with
a decreasing density scale from clearly
visible
to invisible
in order
to measure the accuracy
of
perception
as
a function of target
density.
(4)
The EEG portion of the program will
be directed toward
the determination of physiological correlates of
accurate
remote viewing.
Based on previous work,
SRI will inves-
tigate
in detail the possibility that the frequency
shi
in the alpha peak can be used
as
a measure
to gauge the
reliability of perception of
a remote
stimulus.
This
an
other measures that may become available during the course
of
study will be made available
as feedback to the
subject
to determine whether such information can be used to en-
hance discrimination between correct viewing
of
a remote
scene
and false
information.
(5)
SRI will
continue
and expand our study with
subjects wh
EEG patterns show direct
frequency correlations with the
flicker frequency
of
a remote stimulus.
We will determine
whether such
a (generally unconscious)
perception channe
has
sufficient reliability to
serve
as
a possible commun
-
cation channel.
If continuing positive results
accrue,
we will determine the effects of
shielding
and distance on
the efficiency of
this
channel.
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(6)
The effects
of
the introduction of persons
at
the
remotely viewed target locations will be investigated
to determine possible enhancement or degradation of
signal-to-noise
ratio.
(7)
In view of
the exploratory nature of
the program,
15 percent
of the effort will be
set
aside to explore,
with the client's cognizance,
avenues
of research other
than those listed and that may surface during the course
of
the program.
SRI proposes
to provide approximately
28 man-months
of professional
effort with appropriate
support toward accomplishment of the foregoing.
D.
Reporting Schedule
Brief monthly progress
letters will be delivered the tenth day of
each contract month,
following the previous month's activity.
A final technical
report will be delivered
13 months after the
commencement
date
of the contract.
Throughout
this program the investigators plan to remain in close
telephonic communication with the client.
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IV
QUALIFICATIONS OF STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Stanford Research
Institute
is
an independent,
nonprofit organiza-
tion performing
a broad spectrum of research under contract
to business,
industry,
and government.
The
Institute,
which was formerly affiliated
with Stanford University,
was
founded
in 1946.
Its operations
inc u
e
the physical
and
life
sciences,
industrial
and development economics,
management
systems,
engineering
systems,
electronics
and
radio
sciences,
information science,
urban and
social
systems,
and various combinations
of
disciplines within these fields.
Stanford Research Institute has no endowment;
payments by clients
under research contracts and grants amount to approximately $70 million
annually and
are used to cover all operating costs.
Such revenue
*
]
S°
helps
the
Institute maintain
the excellence of
its research capabilities.
SRI’s
facilities include more than one million square feet of office
and laboratory space and incorporate the most advanced scientific equip-
ment,
including unique instrumentation developed by the staff.
The bul
of
these facilities and most
of the research staff are located
at
the
Institute's headquarters
in Menlo Park,
California.
Regional office
locations
include Washington,
D.C.;
New York City;
Chicago;
Houston,
and Los Angeles.
Of SRI's total
staff of
2600,
approximately one-half
are
in profes
sional
and technical
categories.
Some 400 members of the professional
staff have Ph.D.
or equivalent
degrees;
600 others have their Master
s
degree
*
The project
leader and other research personnel who would be active
in the proposed work
are members of
the Electronics
and Bioengineering
Laboratory.
This group currently occupies 40,000
square
feet
o
a ora-
tory
space,
divided into many separate laboratory rooms,
technicians
work areas,
a machine
shop,
and
a computer room housing
a LINC-8
and
related terminals
and equipment.
In addition,
a well-equipped compute-
tion center
is
available.
The Electronics
and Bioengineering Laboratory employs
a number of
technicians
and engineering assistants
and has available electronics
material
and test equipment useful
in the development
and testing
o
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the teaching machines.
Especially suited
to the work described
in the
proposal
are
a number of shielded rooms with various instrumentation
available
Finally,
a backup team of psychologists
and statisticians
can
be
brought
into the project on
an internal counsulting basis.
The proposed research will be conducted by SRI
staff members within
the Electronics
and Bioengineering Laboratory under
the management
of
its director,
Mr.
Earle Jones.
The principal
investigator will
be
Dr.
Harold Puthoff.
Mr.
Russell Targ,
of the Electronics and Bioengineering
Laboratory and Dr.
Charles Rebert,
a neuro-physiologist
in SRI's Life
Sciences Division will be co-investigators.
Professor Gerold Feinberg
of Columbia University and Professor Charles Tart
of the University of
California may be called upon to
act
as consultants throughout
this
program
In addition to the scientific personnel directly engaged
in the
research aspects
of this
investigation,
Stanford Research Institute
has established
an internal technical
advisory board.
This board con-
sists of
several directors of SRI’s operating divisions,
together with
our legal
counsel,
all under the chairmanship
of
the senior vice president
for research.
It
is the function of this advisory board not only to make
recommendations
and approve or disapprove every new direction taken by
the Institute
in this research area but
to monitor related ongoing projects
as well.
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HAROLD
E.
PUTHOFF,
SENIOR RESEARCH ENGINEER
ELECTRONICS AND BIOENGINEERING LABORATORY
INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DIVISION
Specialized professional competence
.
Tunable laser research and development;
quantum electronics;
electron
beam devices;
biofeedback and biomeasurement research
Representative research assignments
Development of tunable ultraviolet laser source for pollution studies
.
Development o^h-power tunable
infrared laser source
(50-150 microns)
• ™:«
a
o? potential of fiber optics and lasers
for use
in optical
•
Development
of biofeedback monitors
(GSR)
for use
in educational com-
puters and othsr man-machine links
•
Research and development
in biofield measurements
Other professional experience
•
Research associate, Hansen Laboratories
of Physics and
_ lecturer
,
Department of Electrical Engineering,
Stanford . University
(
’
teaching, textbook author,
and research
> supervisor of Ph.D.
candidates
•_
,rea
0f lasers and nonlinear optics
•
Consultant on application of lasers to industrial and medical problems
and research assistant,
Stanford University
(1963-67/
•
Lt
USNR (1960-63);
in-house research and contract monitor
g
(NSA)
contracts concerned with the development of ultra high-speed
•
ResearctT'engineer ,
Sperry Electronic Tube Division and Sperry Fellow,
University of Florida
(1958-60);
design and testing of electron beam
focusing systems
for use
in microwave tubes
Academia background
•
b.E.E.
(1958) and M.S.E.
(1960), University of Florida;
Ph.D.
in
electrical engineering
(1967),
Stanford University
Publications and patents
.
Coauthor of textbook,
Fundamentals of Quantum Elef
rof^ Wnals
•
2 reference book contributions;
papers
in
professional journals,
14 national symposium papers; numerous technical reports
•
2 patents
Professional associations and honors
•
Institute of Electrical and
_ Electronics Engineers;
Sigma Tau;
Phi
Kappa Phi
;
Phi Eta Sigma
^
Sigma Xi
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PUBLICATIONS OF HAROLD E.
PUTHOFF
W.
W.
Peterson
and
H.
E.
Puthoff,
"A Theoretical Study of
Ion Plasma Oscilla-
tions,"
IRE Elect,
Dev ices ,
Vol.
ED-6,
p.
372
(1959).
H.
E
’
Puthoff,
"Crossed-Field Focusing of
a Hollow Cylindrical Electron Beanr
M.S.
Thesis,
University
of
Florida,
Gainesville,
Florida
(January
1960).
A
D.
Sutherland et
al.,
"On the Use of Periodic Electrostatic Focusing
in
Klystrons,"
presented
at
Int.
Congress on Microwave Tubes,
Munich,
West Germany
(June
1960).
Also presented
at 18th Conf.
on Electron Tube Research,
Seattle,
Washington
(June
1960).
H.
E.
Puthoff,
’’Design of
a Crossed-Field Electron Gun,"
presented
at
18th Conf
on Electron Tube Research,
Seattle,
Washington
(June
1960).
H.
E.
Puthoff,
"Scaling Matrix for
the Analog Computer," NSA Tech.
J our., Vol
(1962).
J
T
Tippett
and
H.
E.
Puthoff,
"The Status
of Optical Logic Elements
for
Nanosecond Computer Systems,”
Proc.
Pacific Computer Conf.,
Pasadena, Call
fornia
(March 1963).
Also published
in NSA Tech.
Jour.,
Vol.
(1963).
H.
E.
Puthoff,
R.
H.
Pantell,
and
B.
G.
Huth,
"Tunability
of the Raman Laser,"
J.
Appl
Phys .,
Vol.
37,
p.
860
(1966).
R.
H.
Pantell et
al.,
"Mode Coupling
in an External Raman Resonator,"
Appl.
Phgg.
Letters ,
Vol.
9,
p.
104
(1966).
B.
G.
Huth et
al.,
"Characteristics
of
the Stimulated Raman Effect
in an external
Resonator,"
Proc.
Sixth
Int.
Conf.
on Microwave
and Optical Generation and
Amplification ,
Cambridge,
England
(September
1966).
"Q Quantitative Study of
the Stimulated Raman Effect Using an Off-
Axis Resonator,"
IEEE
J. Quant. Elect .,
Vol. QE-2,
p.
763
(1966).
R.
Pantell
et
al.,
"Theoretical and Experimental Values
for Two,
Three,
and Four
Photon Absorptions,”
J.
Chem.
Phys.,
Vol.
46,
p.
3507
(1967).
H.
E.
Puthoff et
al.,
"Near-Forward Raman Scattering
in LiNbOg,"
J.
Appl.
Phys.,
Vol.
39,
p.
2144
(1968).
H.
E.
Puthoff,
"The Stimulated Raman Effect
and
Its Application as
a Tunable
Laser,"
Ph.D.
Thesis,
Stanford University,
Stanford,
California
(June
1967).
R.
H.
Pantell,
G.
Soncini,
and
H.
E.
Puthoff,
"Stimulated Photon-Electron
Scattering,"
IEEE
J.
Quant.
Elect .,
Vol.
QE-4,
p.
903
(1968).
J.
Gelbwachs et
al.,
"A Tunable Stimulated Raman Oscillator,"
Appl.
Phys.
Letters,
Vol.
14,
p.
258
(1969).
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J.
M. Yarborough et
al.,
"Efficient Tunable Optical Emission from NiNb03 without
a Resonator/'
Appl.
Phys.
Letters ,
Vol.
15,
p.
102
(1969).
S.
S.
Sussman et
al.,
"A New Source
of Tunable Optical and Infrared
Proc.
Polytechnic Institute
of Brooklyn
Internat ional
Symposium of Submillimet
_
Waves ,
New York, New York
(March 1960).
B.
C.
Johnson et
al.,
"Power
and Linewidth of Tunable Stimulated Far
IR Emission
in LiNb03 ,"
Appl.
Phys.
Letters ,
Vol.
18,
p.
181
(1970).
E.
Amzallag et
al.,
"Stimulated Raman and Polariton Scattering
in LiI03 ,
J
t
Appl,
Phys ,,
Vol.
43,
p.
3251
(1971).
D.
L.
Hecht et
al.,
"Dye Lasers With Ultrafast Transverse Flow,"
IEEE J. Quant.
Elect.
,
Vol. QE-8 ,
p.
(1972).
H
Puthoff and
R.
H.
Pant el 1
,
Fundamentals of Quantum Electronics
(John
Wiley &
Sons,
Inc., New York, New York,
1969).
Published in Russian by
Mir Publishing House,
Moscow,
1972.
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PHYLLIS
M.
COLE,
RESEARCH ANALYST
INFORMATION SCIENCE LABORATORY
INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DIVISION
Specialized professional competence
•
Author of mathematics
textbooks;
curricula developer and author of
computer-assisted instruction
courses
Representative research assignments at SRI
•
Survey and analysis of instructional technology for ARPA
•
Development of curricula for Educational Laboratory
at SRI
•
Organized
a continuing regional seminar on computer-assisted instruction
Other professional experience
•
Mathematics
teacher for secondary school students
,
elementary school
students
,
and teachers
• Participated
in development of elementary school mathematics
v text-
book series Sets and Numbers
• Writer-in-chief for computer-assisted instruction project
to teach
mathematics
at Brentwood
(elementary)
School
•
Project
leader,
curriculum author of project to teach computer .pro-
gramming to ghetto high school students via computer-assisted instruction
•
Research
associate.
Institute
for Mathematical Studies
in
the Social
Science, Stanford University
(1963-71)
Academic background
•
B.A.
in mathematics
(1962), Middlebury College;
M.A.T.
in secondary
mathematics
education
(1963), Harvard University
Publications
•
Coauthor,
junior-high school textbook series Sets 4 Numbers 3
and
Systems ;
"CAI
for Elementary Computer Programming:
SIMPER,
LOGO,
and
BASIC," Technical Report, Stanford University;
coauthor of several
SRI reports
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CHARLES
S.
REBERT, PROJECT SUPERVISOR
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY PROGRAM
LIFE SCIENCES
DIVISION
Specialized professional competence
Physiological psychology, especially the relationships between electro
physiology and behavior;
DC potentials;
single and multiple units,
animal behavior;
electrical and chemical brain stimulation; expen
mental design and statistics
Representative research assignments at SRI
(svnoe 1968)
•
Development of human EEG laboratory
•
Development of mosquito olfaction laboratory
•
Studies
on DC potentials
in humans, monkeys, and cats
•
Spreading depression
in the brain
•
Olfactory-trigeminal interactions
•
DC and multiple unit responses
•
Electrophysiology of paranormal perception
Other professional experience
.
Research assistant,
Division of EEG and Neurophysiology,
Department
of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa
.
.
,
,
.
Instructor, University of California Extension;
courses included
Introductory Psychology; The Electrical Activity of the Brain; Man
and His Brain:
A Survey
Academic background
A B
(1961) and M
. A
.
(1964)
in psychology,
San Diego State College;
PhD.
in physiological psychology
(1968), the University of Iowa
Publications
.
Author of 22 scientific publications
Professional associations
•
American EEG Society
•
Neuroscience Society
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