waa a | eer rom eT | | ny = ;" Taian "Reel iene ees Dene Weed inne | _— = ue) Approved For Release 2000148108 : CiA-ROP96-00789R002200830001.9 (U) LIST OF TABLES Approved For Release 2000108/08 : CiA-RORSE-00788R002200530001-5 (U) Numerical Listing of Targets ...-.-+-ssseeseereeececerreree reer seers cece 8 — (U) Technology Cluster .....-seeeee rece eee ee reer centre ee ecreresesescere sess : (U) Principal Elements Contained in the Technology Template sees eee eee eeeees 11 _ (U) LIST OF TABLES 1. 1 Cluster Diagram for | N Targets... cece cece e reece 10 Se iv
Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDH96-00789R002200530001-9 ; I INTRODUCTION (U) (U) Since 1973, when the investigations of the human information-accessing capability called remote viewing (RV) first began at SRI International,'!* evaluating the quality of the information obtained has been a continuing challenge. In order to develop valid evaluation procedures, two basic questions must be addressed: (1) What constitutes the target? (2) What constitutes the response? __' If the RV task is research-oriented, the targets are known, ‘and therefore can be precisely defined. In 4ppicahon —-oriented tasks, however, the targets are generally unknown and their descriptions are problematical. In both task domains, RV responses tend to consist of sketches and written phrases. A method to encode unambiguously this type of “natural language” is one of the unsolved problems in computer science, and there has been little progress to date. Thus, a complete definition of an RV response is also problematical. } An opplicet ton-oriented RV task poses further problems. High-quality RV does hot always provide useful oppticatyen For example, the RV may provide % ‘additional support for information that has been verified from other sources, but provide no new information. In some cases, however, an overall low-quality RV may provide key elements that positively influence an analyst’s interpretation. Another characteristic of current laboratory analysis techniques is that they do not provide an a priori assessment of the RV quality. While this is not a problem in the laboratory, * _ . applications require such evaluation. An RV analyst cannot provide . ratings from the RV alone; rather, the analyst must provide a priori probabilities that individual RV-response elements (og concepts) are present at the target site. It remains the responsibility of an analyst to ‘determine whether such data are ultimately useful. Analysis of laboratory RV has been a major part of the ongoing Cognitive Sciences Program.?-7 For FY 1989, we focused on the development of a prototype analysis system that would provide the needed a priori assessments for pp fi cach'on tasking|_ J U) References are at the end of this report. f tala fan Oe: - | 1 Approved For Release 2000/08/98 : see"
Approved For Release 2o00i08ibé- ClA-RDP46-007e9RDOZ200530001 -9 II METHOD OF APPROACH (VU) an The analysis of remote viewing (RV) data in an pe ii cacthion environment differs considerably from laboratory analysis. Most often, analysts have incomplete or no information about the target site and are required to provide a priori assessments of data gathered from RV sessions. In this section we outline a prototype analysis system for ' + RV that uses concepts from fuzzy set theory, historical archival data, and “templates” of typical/ _ targets. In addition, we apply this prototype system to an existing target pool as an illustration of the power of the technique. A. (U) Fuzzy Set Formalism \ A more complete description of the full fuzzy set formalism can be found in our literature.*.7 For the purpose of this report, we have summarized that formalism in general terms that are not specific to either laboratory experiments or Applicata, tasking. 1. (U) Construction of Target and Response Fuzzy Sets (U) A formal definition of a target and its associated RV response (i.e., the data obtained from an RV session) is necessary to any analysis system. To use the fuzzy set method, a universal set of elements is constructed on which target and response descriptions are based. These elements should contain descriptive aspects of the target material and incorporate items that typify responses from the intended viewers. This universal set should also be extendible (i.e., allow for additional items that may arise in the responses). - (U) In general, the task of an RV analyst is to assign a membership value (,) between 0 and 1 to each element in the universal set. The numerical value for each element in a response is assigned by the degree to which the analyst is convinced that the given element is present in that response. Membership values for target elements are assigned on the basis of the degree to which the elements contribute to the target description. i | In the laboratory, the targets are known, so that defining a universal set of elements is comparatively straightforward.*:”? In dppicatoy, tasks, however, defining a single universal set of elements that is appropriate for all operations is difficult. Because the usual task is so highly mission—dependent, defining a single universal set of elements that is customized to that mission becomes easier. 2 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789R002200530001-9