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allySNAP
Soviet News
Abstracts
Publication
Published by
FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
Author:
Konovalov,
B.
(Flight Control
Cen-
ter)
Title:
COST OF SOVIET-AUSTRIAN CREW'S RE-
SEARCH PROGRAMS NOTED
Primary Source:
Izvestiya,
October
4,
1991,
No.
237
(23503),
p.
7,
cols.
5-8
Extract:
The docking of the spaceship
"So-
yuz TM-13" with the orbiting complex
"Mir"
proceeded successfully.
Five cosmonauts
have begun joint work.
The week ahead will
not be an easy
one,
because time must be found
for carry-
ing out two programs
at once:
a Soviet-
Austrian program called
"Austromir"
and
a
republic program called "Kazakhstan— Kos-
mos"
(Kazakhstan—space)
.
Kazakhstan
is the
second republic of
our Union from the standpoint of territory;
objectively,
it will
be unable to manage
without space equipment
in solving problems
of communications,
ecological
monitoring
and observing the condition of farmlands.
The
Kazakh Academy of Sciences
has there-
fore taken
an active part
in drafting
the
research program,
and
it has
even allocated
an extra
2 million
rubles
for this,
despite
hard times.
This mission will
cost Austria much
more.
Austria must pay the Soviet Union 85
million
schillings
-- about
7 million dol-
lars
--
for Franz Viehboeck's mission.
And
this
space mission will
cost 230 million
schillings when expenditures for the exten-
sive program of
14 scientific experiments
are taken
into account.
(SNAP 911018)
*
*
*
*
Title:
TEXT OF TREATY ON THE ECONOMIC COM-
MUNITY
Primary Source:
Izvestiya,
October
4,
1991,
No.
237
(23503),
p.
4,
cols.
1-8
Abstract:
The
full -page article
is
the
text of the Treaty on the Economic Communi-
ty which the
heads of Soviet republics
re-
cently initialed.*
A preface
to the treaty states
in par-
ticular that
it
has been concluded
by
inde-
pendent
states which,
aware of the advan-
tages of economic integration
and
a common
economic
space and of the expediency of
preserving economic,
trade,
scientific-
technical
and other relations,
wish
to
es-
tablish mutual ly-advantageous economic
re-
lations
among themselves and
seek drastic
economic
reforms,
taking
into account com-
mon problems which these
states
face
in
connection with tasks for ending the cri-
sis,
transferring to
a market economy and
joining the world economy.
The
64 paragraphs of the treaty are
divided
into
12 chapters entitled
respec-
tively:
"Basic Principles";
"Entrepreneur-
ship";
"Movement of Goods
and Services,
Prices";
"The Money and Banking System";
"Finances
and Taxes";
"The
Labor Market
and
Social
Guarantees";
"Foreign
Economic
Rela-
tions
and Currency Policy";
"Legal
Regula-
tion of Economic Activity";
"Institutions
of the Economic Community";
"Agreements";
"Associate Membership
in the
Economic Com-
munity";
and
"Final
Provisions."
Chapter
One states
in particular that the treaty
is
concluded
for
a period of three years
and
that the member-states of the
Economic Com-
munity created by the treaty
shall
decide
the question of extending,
amending or
re-
placing
it not
less
than
12 months before
the end of this period.
The
Economic Com-
munity
is formed by independent
states
on
the basis of voluntary participation
and
equal
rights of
all
member-states,
for the
purpose of forming
a unified market and
carrying out
a coordinated economic policy
as
a necessary condition
for overcoming the
crisis.
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Paragraph
lists the areas
in which
the member-states of the Economic Community
agree
to reconcile their economic
laws and
carry out
a coordinated policy.
They
are:
entrepreneurship;
the market for goods and
services;
transport,
power engineering and
information;
the money and banking
system;
finances,
taxes and prices;
the capital
and
securities market;
the
labor market;
cus-
toms
rules
and tariffs;
foreign economic
relations
and currency policy;
standardiza-
tion,
patenting,
metrology,
statistics and
accounting;
and state scientific-technical,
investment,
ecological,
humanitarian and
other programs
(including programs
for
eliminating the consequences of natural
and
other disasters)
which are of common
inter-
est
to the
Economic Community.
Paragraph
stipulates that
relations between the
Eco-
nomic Community and former states of the
USSR which
remain outside the community
shall
be structured
on the basis of gener-
ally recognized principles and norms of
international
law,
and that questions of
common
Interest which require settlement
shall
be decided by
special
agreements be-
tween
the community and the other states
involved.
The founding of a Banking Union
on the
principles of a reserve system
is provided
for and the functions of this
union
are
listed
in Chapter Four.
Article 24 pro-
vides for creating
a number of special
funds within
the framework of the Economic
Community's budget,
including
a fund
for
targeted programs
and
a fund for emergency
situations
and eliminating the consequences
of natural
and other disasters.
Chapter
Nine stipulates,
among other things,
that
a
council
of heads of governments of the mem-
ber-states
shall
be the highest coordinat-
ing agency of the
Economic Community.
The
functions of an
Interstate Economic Commit-
tee operating
as the executive-managerial
agency of the community are defined.
Chap-
ter Ten
lists specific questions
in regard
to which agreements among the member-states
shall
be concluded after the treaty
is
signed.
Chapter Twelve contains provisions
in regard
to sanctions against member-
states which violate the treaty,
procedures
for ratification of the treaty and special
agreements within
its
framework,
and admis-
sion of new member-states
and
states with
observer status
to the Economic Community.
Article
64 stipulates that the treaty
shall
go
into effect after being
signed and rati-
fied by at
least three of the
states which
wish
to join the community.
*See the Daily SNAP ,
October
17,
1991,
p.
3,
col.
(SNAP 911018)
*
*
*
*
Author:
Volkov,
0.
Title:
SCIENTISTS DIVIDED OVER VALIDITY OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL-WEAPONS R&D
Primary Source:
Komsomolskaya pravda,
Sep-
tember 27,
1991,
No.
222
(20222),
p.
2,
cols.
2-4
Abstract:
The article reports
on contro-
versy over research of unconventional
phys-
ical
fields
and military applications
of
this work.
Some scientists
are
said
to
be-
lieve that
'psychotronic generators'
based
on new physical
principles
can
be
used
for
remote control
of people's minds
and behav-
ior,
and that original
weapons
for this
purpose can
be developed
on the basis of
generators of "spinor
(torsion)"
or
"micro-
lepton"
fields,
in particular.
Other
sci-
entists
are highly skeptical
of such
re-
search.
It
is recalled that
a resolution
enti-
tled
"On the Unsound Practice of Financing
Pseudoscientific Research out of State
Sources" was published,
together with
an
opinion submitted by the USSR Academy of
Sciences'
department of general
physics
and
astronomy,
on July 4 of this year.
The
USSR Supreme Soviet's Committee on Science
and Technologies
issued this
resolution.
It accused
several
ministries of spending,
without
a proper expert review,
half
a bil-
lion
rubles
on pseudoscientific and
anti-
scientific developments
involving spinor or
microlepton fields with which
scientists
are already familiar.
The resolution named
the USSR Ministry of Defense
(Minoborony)
,
the USSR Ministry of Nuclear Power Engi-
neering and
Industry,
the USSR State Secur-
ity Committee
(KGB)
and the USSR Cabinet of
Ministers'
Military-Industrial
Commission
as clients and sponsors of this work.
More
than
20 institutes were identified
as
exec-
utors
and developers.
First on
this
list
was the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences'
In-
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|
stitute of Material s-Science Problems,
which
is
headed by academician
Trefilov.
The interagency scientific-technical
center
"Vent"
(formerly the Center for Unconven-
tional
Technologies of the USSR State Com-
mittee for Science and Technology)
was
identified
as
the country's
"chief"
firm
engaged
in developments
in the area of un-
conventional
fields.
According
to unveri-
fied data from A.
Akimov,
director of this
center,
the cost of unconventional-field
projects
has been
23 million
rubles
in Min-
oborony's
sector alone,
while the overall
amount which
has been allocated
for such
research through
all
of the different chan-
nels
is
as great
as
500 million
rubles.
Seeking more
information about uncon-
ventional-fields
research and the purposes
of this
research,
the author spoke
to
an
associate of the USSR Supreme Soviet's
Com-
mittee on Science and Technologies
and sub-
sequently went
to the armed forces'
General
Staff.
He was told that the committee
had
received no information
in
this
regard from
Minoborony,
the
KGB or other agencies
in-
volved.
Representatives of the General
Staff referred the author to the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences'
Section on
Problems of Ap-
plied Science.
Nikolay
Prudnikov,
deputy
chairman of this
section,
said that
it
sometimes orders projects
to be carried out
for the General
Staff,
but
he disclosed
no
details of this work.
One such project,
which was called
"Obezl ichiye"
(de-individ-
ualization),
is mentioned.
It
is
recalled
that
in
1986,
a scientific research
insti-
tute
informed the academy's
section
that
the Institute was prepared
to carry out
this project.
An associate of the section
who knew more about the project was
not
available
for questioning,
however.
At the
"Vent"
center,
the author was told that di-
rector Akimov was away on
a business
trip.
Ye.
Aleksandrov,
corresponding member
of the USSR Academy of Sciences
and
a sci-
entific opponent of Akimov's,
sent the au-
thor
a report of the Center for Unconven-
tional
Technologies.
According
to this
document,
the center
is engaged
in research
of long-distance production of medical -bio-
logical
and psychophysical
effects on
troops and the population,
using torsion
radiations;
and also
in
research
of medi-
cal-biological
protection of troops
and the
population against effects of such
radia-
tions.
Aleksandrov expressed doubt that
equipment capable of producing
such effects
can be developed.
A letter which
the edi-
tors received from Aleksandrov
is quoted,
in which the scientist denounced
research
of unconventional
fields
as pseudoscien-
tific,
citing
a decision of the academy's
department of general
physics and astrono-
my.
Aleksandrov went
so
far as
to accuse
state enterprises of producing
fake
"field
generators"
and selling them to defense
agencies
for large
sums.
Scientists who hold opposing views of
unconventional -fields
research reportedly
Include
V.
Kaznacheyev,
who
is believed
to
be working
in
this direction
for the de-
fense complex and
has signed
an
interna-
tional
convention
on
the non-use of
"mental
weapons";
A.
Veynik,
corresponding member
of the Belorussian Academy of Sciences,
who
has put forward
a number of theories;
and
other academy figures,
who have published
works abroad.
The author suggests
that
the
Academy of Sciences organize
a roundtable
discussion on the topic of psychological
weapons,
with
all
sides
in the controversy
represented.
(SNAP 911018)
*
ie
*
"k
Comments and additions or deletions
to the
distribution
list should be addressed
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Attn:
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