datamatters24/research-document-archive huggingface dataset:
Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7 Johnson, M. & Lubke, C. (1977) A further attempt to validate the DMT as a predictor of scoring direction. European Journal of Parapsychology, 1(4), 37-46. Johnson, M. & Nordbeck, B. (unpublished) cited in Johnson & Kanthamani, 1967. Kline, P. (1981) Fact and Fantasy in Freudian Theory (2nd edn). London: Methuen. Kline, P. (1987) The scientific status of the DMT. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 60, 53-59, Kragh, U. (1955) The Actual-Genetic Model of Perception-Personality. Lund: Gleerups. Kragh, U. (1970) The Defense Mechanism Test (DMT) as a method for diagnosis and personnel selection. In Kragh, U. & Smith, G. (Eds.) Percept-Genetic Analysis. Lund: Gleerups. Kragh, U. & Smith, G. (Eds.) (1970) Percept-Genetic Analysis. Lund: Gleerups. Miller, S. W. & York, M. S. (1976) Perceptual defensiveness as a performance indicator on a free-response test of clairvoyance. In J. D. Morris, W. G. Roll & R. L. Morris (Eds. ) Research in Parapsychology 1975. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 162-164 (research brief). Parker, A. (1989) The normality and abnormality of paranormal experiences: Predictions from clinical, cognitive and psi models. Paper presented at the 38th Annual mati n h ion, on Psi and Clinical Practice, 28-29 October, 1989. Roney-Dougal, S. M. (1982) A comparison of psi and subliminal perception: A confirmatory study. In W. G. Roll, R. L. Morris & R. A. White (Eds.) Research in Parapsychology 1981. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. Smith, G. J. W. & Westerlundh, B. (1980) Perceptgenesis: A process perspective on perception and personality. In L. Wheeler (Ed.) Re f Pe ali Psychology, 1, 94-124. - - Sondow, N. (1987) Exploring hypnotizability, creativity, and psi: Conscious and unconscious components to psi success in the ganzfeld. In D. H. Weiner & R. D. Nelson (Eds.) Research in Parapsychology 1986. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. 375 Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7
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,
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,
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,
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..
Parapsychology in the Ibero-Amencan World
195
194
The Journal of Parapsychology
minished by increasing communication and collaboration with for-
eign parapsychologists.
The
theoretical ideas of Ralph U.
Sierra are
also
interesting.
Sierra, who was interested in the psychology of ESP, believed that
to develop telepathy
it was necessary to develop
first an internal
state of tranquility so that the electrical activity of the brain did not
interfere with the telepathic process (Sierra, 1966).
Some of the most important developments, however, took place
during the last two centuries. At the educational level,
it
is impor-
tant to note the work of Celinda Madera who, during the
1970s,
offered
series of courses and lectures at different campuses of the
University of Puerto Rico. Madera’s courses focused on the human-
istic and transpersonal aspects of psi. She herself had received train-
ing
at Dulte
University’s Parapsychology Laboratory (Alvarado,
1979a).
\
/
In
19^4, Vjestor A. Rodriguez Ejsfcudero, a lawyer, published a
series of essays about parapsychology and Spiritualism in his book
Los Caminos de\ios. He discussed/ great variety of paranormal phe-
nomena. His mhin objective waS to show that parapsychology dem-
onstrates the spiritual aspect df man (Rodriguez Escudero, 1974).
Another development m 1977 was the creation of the Institute
de Invesdgaciones'Psicofeicas at the University of Puerto Rico, May-
aguez campus. Fouhdedrio conduct investigations in parapsychology
and related areas, the/nstitute carried out studies of various param-
eters of Kirlian photography and of the effects of hypnosis on ESP.
However, these retearth investigations were never made available
for publication. Enuring t/is period Alfonso Martinez Taboas began
to publish a ne/sletter Explqrando lo Paranormal, a semipopular mag-
azine later edited by CarlosVlvarado starting in 1976.
Martine/Taboas and Carlds Alvarado wrote articles on parapsy-
chology ipSpanish for the Spanish journal Psi Comumcacion; they
also published in other journals. Their articles covered a wide range
of topics. Among these, Alvarado Wrote on experimental studies of
OBEs/(1976),
historical precedents of the so-called psychic discov-
eries/behind the Iron Curtain (1978k the use of historical knowl-
edge (1979b), and on J. B. Rhine (1980). Martinez Taboas published
a review of the problem of repeatability in parapsychology (1979),
critiques of psychological and physiological concepts of poltergeist
research (1977,
1980,
1984; Martinez Taboas & Alvarado,
1981),
and a discussion of the concept of parsimony applied to parapsy-
chology (1983).
The work of Martinez Taboas and Alvarado has been very im-
portant
in the effort to bridge the language barrier between the
Spanish researcher and the non-Spanish-speaking researcher. This
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Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7 Sondow, N., Braud, L. & Barker, P. (1982) Target qualities and affect measures in an exploratory psi ganzfeld. In W. G. Roll, R. L. Morris & R. A. White (Eds.) Research in Parapsychology 1981. Metuchen N.J.: Scarecrow Press. Stanford, R. G. & Schroeter, W. (1978) Extrasensory effects upon associative processes in a directed free-response task: An attempted replication and extension. In W. G. Roll (Ed.) Research in Parapsychology 1977. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. Stanford, R. G., Frank, S., Kass, G. and Skoll, S. (1980) Ganzfeld as an ESP-favorable setting: Part I. Journal of Parapsychology, 53(1), 1-42. Vaernes, R. J. (1982) The Defense Mechanism Test predicts inadequate performance under stress. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 23, 37-43. Vaernes, R. J. & Darragh, A. (1982) Endocrine reactions and cognitive performance at 60 meters hyperbaric pressure: Correlations with perceptual defense reactions. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 23, 193-199. Watt, C. A. (1989) Characteristics of successful free-response targets: Theoretical considerations. In L. A. Henkel & R. E Berger (Eds.) Research in Parapsychology 1988. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. Westerlundh, B. (1976) Aggression, Anxiety and Defence. Lund: Gleerups. Williams, L. B. & Duke, D. M. (1980) Openness versus closedness and their relationship to psi. In W. G. Roll (Ed.) Research in Parapsychology 1979. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. York, M. (1977) The Defense Mechanism Test (DMT) as an indicator of psychic performance as measured by a free-response clairvoyance test using a ganzfeld technique. In J. D. Morris, W. G. Roll & R. L. Morris (Eds.) Research in Parapsychology 1976. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 48-49 (research brief). York, M. & Morris, R. L. Perceptual defensiveness and free-response clairvoyance in the ganzfeld condition. Unpublished manuscript, 1978. 376 Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7
Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7 APPENDIX - Identification of the principal DMT-ESP studies. Label Authors USI Carpenter (1965) US I Johnson & Kanthamani (1967) US Tl Johnson & Kanthamani (1967) DUTCHI Johnson (1975) DUTCH II Johnson & Lubke (1977) DUTCH It Houtkooper, unpublished, results reported in Haraldsson Houtkooper & Hoeltje (1987) ICELANDIC I Haraldsson (1978) ICELANDIC II Johnson & Haraldsson (1979) ICELANDIC III Haraldsson & Johnson (1979) ICELANDIC IV Johnson & Haraldsson (1984) ICELANDIC V Johnson & Haraldsson (1984) ICELANDIC VI Haraldsson & Johnson (1986) ICELANDIC VII Haraldsson, Houtkooper & Hoeltje (1987) 377 Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000701010002-7 et
from
recording
channels
for
the
entire
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DEFENSIVENESS AND PSI:
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Caroline Watt
Psychology Department
University of Edinburgh
ABSTRACT
The
link
between
defensiveness
and
psi
scoring
has
long
interested
parapsychologists. Probably the most systematic research into this relationship has
examined individuals’ scores on the Defense Mechanism Test (DMT) in relation to
their scores on an ESP task.
These DMT-ESP studies have found that individuals
rated
as high defensive on
the DMT tend
to score below chance on an ESP
measure, while those who are low defensive on the DMT tend
to have
above
chance ESP scores.
This promising line of research has not been replicated or
followed-up
by
other
parapsychologists,
perhaps
because
of
practical,
methodological and theoretical difficulties associated with the DMT.
This paper
outlines these difficulties and suggests future lines of research into the relationship
between defensiveness and psi scoring.
I would like to thank Deborah Delanoy, Julie Milton and Robert Morris for their
helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper.
I
?
361
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1. INTRODUCTION
Hnmans seem to vary in how they operate under stress. Some excel in difficult
rircumstances, ye. mhers perform badly under the
“%,
factor which may contribu*rio hum,,
has focused on
information is one possible source of stress an
*
known as defensiveness
“;rr;e"r—
rch":^"=
sfau"e—
repeatMly^ound a^adonship tetween defensiveness
defensive individuals tend to score above
that the
cogniuve and pm-son^ty f«om a
understanding of these factors might allow
^Sxsssszsssssssr-
2 . DEFENSIVENESS AND PSI
Parapsychologists have used a variety of different measures relating d'f“s™en“S ‘°
ESP^scoring, as well as using
'
'
Brand (1976. 1977). V^ffitams**£C
'
» ability to deal with
-openness questionnaire
which de
„lf.disclosin„ attitude.
All of these studies
unpleasant or thnaKnmg mmena ^Jf
^ from more
..ope„. subjects.
have generally found the same tr
,
.
miest}onnajre found no significant
dtfftT^en^TldUersX^^
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96,007.92R0067 00130002: 0278-6060/82/0403-0227 $06.50/0 © Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc., 1982 Printed in the United Kingdom Psychophysiological Correlates of Communication, Gravitation and Unity The Syntergic Theory J. GRINBERG-ZYLBERBAUM Profesor e Investigador de Tiempo Completo. Facultad de Psicologéa, Universidad Nacional Auténoma de México e Instituta Nacional Para el Estudio de la Conciengiz”’ The syntergic theory postulates that the brain creates an energetic field (the neuronal field) that expands into space, interacts with the space-matter continuum, is able to change the informational content of the latter and thus affects other neuronal fields and physical forces. According to this theory, gravitation is a by-product of an alteration in the inform- ational content of the space-matter continuum, and human communication is based on neuronal field interactions. It is proposed that a brain operating in a highly coherent mode and in an abstract fashion (high neurosyntergic brain) creates a neuronal field that would decrease the gravitational forces around it. By the same token, a brain functioning in a relatively noncoherent mode and in a concrete fashion (low neurosyntergic brain) creates a neuronal field that could shift the informational content of the surrounding space toward that modality. In the syntergic theory, experience is considered as the interaction between the neuronal field and the energetic (syntergic) organization of space. A high neurosyntergic brain will experience unity, while a low neurosyntergic brain will experience reality from.the vantage point of a personal ego. ; A high neurosyntergic brain would increase the syntergy of space and thus could affect the experience resulting from the interaction of other neuronal fields with that altered space. This approach is the one that contemporary physics requires in ‘order to be able to incorporate experience into its realm and thus expand its limits to include life and con- sciousness, I suggest that this step will allow physics to find the elusive unified field. A number of experiments have been designed in order to tests these ideas; the results of some of them are here reported. 1. THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION A few months before his death, Zen master Shunryu Suzuki said: _.. Nothing comes from outside your mind, Usually we think of our mind as receiving impressions and experience from outside, but that is not a true understanding of our mind. The true understanding is that the mind includes everything; when you think something 227 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000700130002-5
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APPENDIX - Identification of the principal DMT-ESP studies.
Label
Authors
US I
Carpenter (1965)
usn
Johnson & Kanthamani (1967)
us in
Johnson Sc Kanthamani (1967)
DUTCH I
Johnson (1975)
DUTCH n
Johnson Sc Lubke (1977)
DUTCH m
Houtkooper, unpublished, results reported in Haraldsson
Houtkooper Sc Hoeltje (1987)
ICELANDIC I
Haraldsson (1978)
ICELANDIC H
Johnson & Haraldsson (1979)
ICELANDIC III
Haraldsson & Johnson (1979)
ICELANDIC IV
Johnson & Haraldsson (1984)
ICELANDIC V
Johnson Sc Haraldsson (1984)
ICELANDIC VI
Haraldsson & Johnson (1986)
ICELANDIC VH
Haraldsson, Houtkooper & Hoeltje (1987)
377
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20001-7 y Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R0007010 DEFENSIVENESS AND PSI: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTs! Caroline Watt Psychology Department University of Edinburgh nt. ABSTRACT The link between defensiveness and PSi_ scoring has long interested parapsychologists, Probably the most Systematic research into this relationship has . examined individuals’ scores on the Defense Mechanism Test (DMT) in relation to ' their scores on an ESP task. These DMT-ESP Studies have found that individuals tated as high defensive on the DMT tend to score below chance on an ESP measure, while those who are low defensive on the DMT tend to have above chance ESP scores, This Promising line of research has not been replicated or followed-up by other parapsychologists, perhaps because of practical, methodological and theoretical difficulties associated with the DMT. This paper outlines these difficulties and suggests future lines of research into the relationship between defensiveness and psi scoring, irom 10 recording channels for the entire experime Vy would like to thank Deborah Delanoy, Julie Milton and Robert Morris for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. 361 20001-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R0007010 Pepe e eo
remains a pattern of POSitive but declining DMT-ESP correlations. It has been suggested that the pattern of correlation represents Some kind of initial effect or experimenter effect, as each of the experimental series was begun with fresh energy and enthusiasm by either & Haraldsson, 1984; Haraldsson, Houtkooper & Hoeltje, 1987), as Most of these studies have been Conducted at least in part by only two researchers: Johnson and Haraldsson, Given that replicable patterns can be hard to come by in Parapsychology, why is it that other parapsychologists have been slow to follow-up on these promising indications of a fairly consistent telationship between defensiveness and ESP scoring? The answer may lie with some difficulties associated with the DMT, 2.3, Drawbacks of the DMT interpretation of DMT protocols is a particularly skilled task; it may take more than three months of experience before inter- and intra- rater reliability is Satisfactory (Haraldsson & Johnson, 1979). Martin Johnson and Ulf Kragh have done most of the scoring in the 13 DMT-ESP Studies, and have shown a very respectable inter-rater reliability (e.g. .93 and .90 for two samples of 12 subjects each; Johnson & Haraldsson, 1984). However, as Kragh developed the DMT and Johnson studied with Kragh there could hardly be two 367 0701020001-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/15 : CIA-RDP96-00792R00
Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000700160001-3 COLORADO — {Marron »-Raton-Pass\, FOLSO! STATE M ms v4 “4 CApY st a : clinarfon R? ‘e On "ys 940) arron cnt sty ~S Clayton . f YWOHY 110 ‘Gengaist arta Fost Gx com (ruin) a “Tucumcari es) bSanta Rosa y ye me ae md Ne 4 » ff , m yy flamagon le : WS Do a > Vaughn ale Res, “ Fort S Fa NS ° uroner . Clovis, Grave of Melrose Billy the Kid . j Portales, a 18 *180+ LAND @ ESTACADO “OOM Tatum’ ee (Hagerman > 3 ® to oe ovington, oA WHI a i Hobbs, | ie Oe _NATIONAL Pte (99) “Hatcer® , & St (Ge) FOREST a é 3. a > Eunicee ‘ Y % Las Cru Lpving / = LA esa S Bs] / iz "ATE MON. Jal» ae S F ; 8 io ve M NAT.PARK Sfp wen Pe 5 s | { . National parks and major 3 foie j national monuments wis Inhabited pueblos be H a a 9. 60 Bi National forests & Abandoned pueblos : ! Shimas ‘ eee raTuTE Mes eed indi i i | & nas ea PAINTING UY STAT ant ceo M sespuER wis Indian reservations & Other national monuments / ca ca MAP BY GUNARS J. RUTINS AND LEO ZEGARTIS pe} wt + H ; : SLOGRAPHIC ART DrviSIoN i Military reservations 4 State monuments ¥ satay om - {Cy NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000700160001-3
White Sands National Monumen a HIMMERING wavelike dunes, fresh as a wilder- ness snowfall, blanket a vast area in the Tularosa Valley. Ever growing, ever chang- ing, the hills inch forward before the prevailing south- west winds. The world’s largest: gyp- sum desert was created mil- lenniums ago when the min- eral was washed from the flanking San Andres Moun- tains, deposited in dry lake beds, and blown by winds into dunes—a process still xoIng on. Established jn 1933, White Sands National Monument preserves near- Iy 230 square miles of the starkly beautiful landscape. For the thousands of visi- tors who come here each year, the Park Service de- vised sail-like picnic shelters dower left). To keep a way open for cars, ‘employees spend countless hours grad- ing and scraping away the sugar-fine sand. Surprisingly, the desert Supports much plant life— yucca, squawbush, rabbit- brush, cottonwood. Many animals, including badger, skunk, fox, rabbit, covote, gopher, and kangaroo rat, make excursions into it ie permanent inhabitant of the dunes is the bleached earless lizard, Holbrookia maculata ruthveni (Igft). ~ WHITE SANDS Approved For Release 2000/08/11 ~ ee Approved For Release208
Approved For Release 2000/08/11 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000700180001-1 4 —L Elevations in wd BOLIVI 5 ar oo AR Ai Petroleum'field ee NA e, % ed Ba, Natidnal park 2 & Pan Ameritan Highway System . / aro ° x & _ in darker re : S§h Salvador : u 0 * Llullaillaco Voh d Jujuy Zea ORISA NATURAL % ~~ STATUTEMILES es) perey “oleae MN BAR AGUAY — euhubb dPciv esta! ‘RIO PILCOMAYOSS-y Asuncién ey, ghey, Curitibas fc ¢ tv ; iguazé Falls—“} Qazi Pee ; urna id &, chaco “Ye pe, NAT. PARK ° a ole 4, ON Santiago del Estero concagug 22,834 PY (Highest etevatip GEM in Western Hemisphel BER by Valparaiso, ae ag , * Santiago* N¥ hig i PP qidé fa Cumbre (Uspalia +g avo # Pacific Ay? ae: SU wtlir! Se Ocean Lo MENevado Domuyo Volean , 15, 4 O 4 LAGUNA BLAMEA NAT. AAR Lanin Volcang _ 12,384 NAHUEL HUAP Yheo Nahwel. Huapt. » me Llao Lid y Nate’ Aap Mt. Tronadory Pa" ca losde Bariloche =f San Matias 11,660 AR § Se Gulf “= Valdés Peninsula a CB uerfs Madry (Lowest point in Fe ¥( auth America) dghitite fs LOS ALERCES' _Gaiman/” Rawson +) Resistencla\“; oi EL PALMAR » NATIONAL PARK | AND RESERVE URUGUAY Atlantic Ocean P Villa Gesell Mar del Plata Argentina HAPED LIKE A RIB STEAK with the Andes for a bone, Argentina has long been a world leader in meat pro- duction. Some 2,300 miles long by 900 __ at its widest, the nation spans most >. of temperate South America, ° with a good climate for food crops. Three- quarters of its people * 4 : - o ; live in urban areas, 2G ft QT vntarctle a third in greater 3 mien “eh ou ; ae ; Pen - ¥ Buenos Aires. During Lake ¥8 “ot AA ag] COmodoro Rivadavia © pegenting_ A” / *  *f centuries of Spanish ad = Se Gonge 5 cla citas. dominion, Argentina ae an 2 aNTARS S¥50uT remained a backwater Mt. San Lorenzo . 12,339, : 8 DSQUESPETRIFICADOS PERITO MORENO ( sh jag JATURAL MONUMENT Continental ice cap Fics : Me. Murallon G2. S LOS GLACIARES\ Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) United Kingdom, claimed by Argentina ‘. : ficas fo ait of Magellan ol ‘ Rio Grande : Tierra del Fuego TIERRA DEL FUEGOS— : 302 “Ushuailiss Hlarbergon wm 55 Claimed by Argentina and Chile Beagle Channel ine 08/17": GlA-RDP96-0 Approved For Release 2000/ F ae of empire, providing mules and supplies for mines of Peru and Bolivia. Freedom came in 1816. In the 1880's, waves of immigrants, mainly Italians and Spaniards, settled the fertile pampa. AREA: 1,072,000 sq. mi. POPULA- TION: 25,000,000. CAPITAL: Buenos Aires, 8,500,000. LANGUAGE: Spanish. RELIGION: Roman Catholic. ECONOMY: Farming, ranching, manufacturing. Exports meat, hides, grain. CLIMATE: Subtropical to subantarctic. 0792R000700180001-1
Approved For Release 2000/08/11
: CIA-RDP96-00792R0007001 80001-1
Atlantic. Ocean
Continental ice cap
Mt. Murailon
,
11,811
LOS GLACh
HAPED LIKE A RIB STEAK with
the Andes for a bone, Argentina has
long been a world leader in meat pro-
duction. Some 2,300 miles long by 900
at its widest, the nation spans most
;>x of temperate South America,
\
with a good climate for
J
food crops. Three-
quarters of its people
live in urban areas,
a third in greater
Buenos Aires. During
centuries of Spanish
dominion, Argentina
remained a backwater
of empire, providing mules
and supplies for mines of Peru
and Bolivia. Freedom came
in
1816.
In the
1880's, waves of immigrants,
mainly Italians and Spaniards, settled
the fertile pampa.
AREA:
1,072,000
sq.
mi.
POPULA-
TION;
25,000,000.
CAPITAL:
Buenos
Aires,
8,500,000.
LANGUAGE: Spanish. RELIGION: Roman
Catholic. ECONOMY: Farming, ranching,
manufacturing. Exports meat, hides, grain.
CLIMATE:
Subtropical
to
subantarctic.
TIERRA DELFUEGO^
Beagle Channel
£5dimed by Argentina and Chile
Approved For Release 2000/C^/f
af :
H (SlA-RDP96-00792R0007001 80001-1