pare nf lease amo CIA-RDP96- 00788R002000010006 4 ra eX eN NCL ASSIFIED RESEARCH APPROACHES A. Characteristics, Analysis, and Theory q, Characteristics a. Remote Viewing Reliability Enhancement b. Role of Feedback in Remote Viewing c. Role of Consciousness (Computer~Controlled Experiments ) d. Tracking of Targets in Motion @, Measurement of Accuracy as a Function of Repetition Role 2. Analysis 3. Mechanisms a. Theoretical Studies b. ELF Experiments _ C, Subject-Induced Equipment Perturbation Effects 1. Strain Gauge Experiments 2. Random Number Generator Experiments _3, Magnetometer Experiments B. Psychophysiological Correlates 1, Phystological Measures of PSI-Conducive States 2. Environmental Factors a, Altered States of Consciousness: Special Envtronments b. Examine the Part Played by the Experimenter 3. Educational Procedures: a. Screening b. Training INCLOSURE 5 ; ; 7 a Approved For Release 2004/03/07 © 'CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
pare nf lease amo CIA-RDP96- 00788R002000010006 4 ra eX eN NCL ASSIFIED RESEARCH APPROACHES A. Characteristics, Analysis, and Theory q, Characteristics a. Remote Viewing Reliability Enhancement b. Role of Feedback in Remote Viewing c. Role of Consciousness (Computer~Controlled Experiments ) d. Tracking of Targets in Motion @, Measurement of Accuracy as a Function of Repetition Role 2. Analysis 3. Mechanisms a. Theoretical Studies b. ELF Experiments _ C, Subject-Induced Equipment Perturbation Effects 1. Strain Gauge Experiments 2. Random Number Generator Experiments _3, Magnetometer Experiments B. Psychophysiological Correlates 1, Phystological Measures of PSI-Conducive States 2. Environmental Factors a, Altered States of Consciousness: Special Envtronments b. Examine the Part Played by the Experimenter 3. Educational Procedures: a. Screening b. Training INCLOSURE 5 ; ; 7 a Approved For Release 2004/03/07 © 'CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 | — RESEARCH APPROACHES Objective . A comprehensive program is proposed. that is based on information derived from SRI experimentation and the documented work of others. The goals of the Program are twofold: * To establish the repeatability of the psychoenergetic process and the statistics that govern its usefulness for vartous applications | | | * To determine the underlying physical characteristics of the channel, such as bit rate, channel capacity, and resolution - potential. . Characteristics, Analysis, and Theory 1. Characteristics a. Remote Viewing Reliability Enhancement (Coding) One of the most successful psychoenergetic processes is the remote viewing of target locations demarcated by some means, such as the presence at the site of an individual known to the "viewer". Unfortunately, this process--which works so well--results in narrative description that is difficult to assess in a quantitative manner. In order to utilize the remote sensing phenomena as a toa? to investigate the physical and psychological parameters of psychoenergetic processes, it is important to establish optimum analysis (judging) procedures. Because experiments are designed with the goal of varying specific parameters, such as subject shielding or the necessity of feedback, the analysis or Judging Procedure must be as rapid as possible, while retaining objectivity, if Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 immediate feedback to both subject and experimenters is to be provided. A judging procedure will be established and experiments will be carried out to evaluate the Proposed judging procedure. If successful, Such a procedure will provide information on Subject reliabilities with respect to various categories of response, and will thus be useful “in assessing channel reliability. b. Role of Feedback in Remote Viewing In past programs two series of experiments have been conducted with experienced remote viewing subjects to determine the effects of Withholding feedback. Both Of these series failed to give a single successful outcome in the no-feedback condition. This result offers strong evidence that feedback is an essential element for successful renote viewing, whether the reasons be psychological or physical. The next appropriate series of experiments with these normally successful subjects is to intermix, on a random schedule, feedback and no-feedback trails, to eliminate any effect of psychological expectation that a subject might have with regard to a given trail being carried out without feedback. If again no success is found in trials without feedback while the Subjects continue to demonstrate successful remote viewing in those experiments with Feedback, this would indicate that there Was some substantive, perhaps physical, basis for the effect of feedback on the experiments. | c. Role of Consciousness (Computer-Controlled Experiments) If it should turn out that the subjects under the conditions of the previous experiment exhibit success in remote viewing independently of the feedback condition, then a further experimental series would be Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 el ee Carried out to define more precisely the role played by feedback. In this case a subject would be asked to describe pictorial material presented b¥ & distant slide projector. (Experiments were carried out in a pilot study and were found to be successful.) The outcome of experiments of this type is important with recard to assessing the reliability of information obtained under conditions in which feedback is minimal. As a side benefit, the protocol as outlined can yield information as to resolution (depending on size of Slide projection) and enhancement factors associated with the presence or absence of individuals knowledgeable of the target. Finally, the - data obtained provide for evaluation of the feasibility of using slide targets as a medium for a practical communication system. If the use of slide targets is successful, a standard demonstration experiment would be developed so that the communications system could he observed by outside evaluation teams. d. Tracking of Targets in Motion It has been pointed out by several sources that some operators of Fire-control radar displays can continue to make correct judgements | even when their scope is "white" with chaff and jamming. The conjecture is that they either obtain subliminal information that the untrained observer cannot see, or that there is a paranormal component to their perception. | . An attractive way to investigate this phenomena with regard ta the Paranormal hypothesis would be to generate a CRT display showing clouds with a superimposed grid. An invisible target airplane can be programmed Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R00200001 0006-4 tine metric especially suitable for describing psychoenergetic processes.!! A set of studies will be formulated to provide a series of predictions around which experiments can be designed, and thus provide for the necessary differentiation among competing models for psychoenergetic mechanisms, Such work would be pursued by both SRI personnel and by consultant theoretical physicists; it will be collated by SRI. b, ELF Experiments | The objective of these experiments to determine the extent to which the demonstrated remote viewing ability of an experienced Subject is degraded by placing him in electrically shielded environments such as mu-mutal chambers or submersibles. c. Subject~Induced Equipment Perturbation Effects The study of human/machine interactions as a psychoenergetic | ‘process has posed great difficulties for serious investigators. Among these difficulties are the combined facts that the reported effects tend to be smal?, and that the local environment has rarely been monitored for causes other than the proposed psychoenergetic ones. In addition, ane finds that the strongest effects are reported as occurring with the most | controversial and/or suspect subjects. Out of this collection of questionable experimentation (and often poor reporting) emerge, however, a few provocative experimental results that suggest that further careful examination may be worthwhile and possibly rewarding. Such studies would provide valuable data for assessing whether the area of subject-induced ‘equipment perturbations constitutes a useful area for inquiry. (1) Strain Gauge Experiments Professor John Hasted, Birkbeck College, University of London, has observed inelastic and elestic deformations of metal bars by some kind Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 — en of remote hunan interaction. During these experiments the subjects are reported to cause effects without any physical contact with the metal. In an effort to replicate Professor Hasted's results, an electrically shielded enclosure has been constructed having more than 135 dB RF attenuation from 10 kHz to 10 MHz and plexiglass sides (to shield against air currents). Within this enclosure is an experimental system of resistive strain gauges attached to a thin metal bar. These are wired aS a temperature-compensating bridge and connected to battery-operated amplifiers and recording instruments. Detection can be made of changes in the Tength of the bar on the order of 500 angstroms and applied transverse forces of approximately 100 mg. To date, SRI has been successful in isolating and correcting several sources of artifact, and have. obtained hours of artifact-free baseline operation. All of the data will be magnetically recorded for later computer analysis, and a simple stripchart record will provide immediate feedback to the subject of any changes in the bar. Experiments are proposed to task subjects to attempt to perturb the isolated metal bar. Should experimentation reveal genuine subject-induced perturbations, determinations will be made as to whether such effects can be used as a message-transmission device (remote telegraph). (2) Random Number Generator Experiments Another class of experiments that have been extensively reported : are those that involve alleged human/machine interaction with electronic random-number generators. In these experiments, digital electronic noise derived from a thermal noise source of from the decay of a radioactive material is monitored while a subject is attempting to alter the Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 wa statistical properties of the noise distribution, The usual protocol involves providing visual and audio feedback signals, proportional te various statistical parameters, to a subject who is asked in a biofeedback scenario to concentrate upon the feedback Signals and to alter them in a prescribed way. To date, there have been 54 such experiments reported in the literature,!* of which 35 report statistically Significant effects, while none of these studies show similar departures from radomness during cantrol runs without intended influence. SRI is presently in the design stage of a micro-processor-based random-number generator. Plans are to use three fundamentally different sources of random events to derive the digital electronic noise signal. The first of these is a diode designed by R. H. Haitz,?3 that is completely understood from both the quantum mechanical and solid state construction point of view. A second fundamentally different source of random events is to be derived from the decay of a single-transition beta emitter. Lastly, the entire system can be checked against a pseudorandom shift register, that constitutes .@ third source of random events. This latter has the property that a long string of bits appears random, yet once the shift register is reinitialized it produces the identical random sequence once again. The instrument is under control of a microprocessor that records data cn magnetic tape for later analysis, and controls a printing 1/0 statistical calculator that provides immediate results for feedback. Once the instrument is complete, it will be exhaustively tested for possible artifacts resulting from environmental conditions. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 This instrument will be used first to attempt to confirm the existence of the claimed phenomenon, and, if it is confirmed, to investigate theoretical implications with regard to various modes of human/machine interaction. Assuming that an effect can he stabilized,ithis microprocessor~based System can easily be reprogrammed to utilize coding techniques (described earlier) to construct a "remote" telegraph communication system. (3) Magne tometer Experiments One of the first intentionally induced physical perturbation effects observed by SRI personnel was the apparent perturbation of a superconductor-shielded Josephson effect magnetometer by twa ~ subjects who performed successfully in remote viewing experiments .?* Intentions are to carry out further experimentation with a sensitive Josephson junction cryomagnetometer, a commercial instrument manufactured | by Superconducting Technology, Inc., Mountain View, California {Model A201 magnetometer, employing an A401 SQUID sensor, A310 RF amplifier, and removable superconducting shield). Experimentation with such instrumentation requires the following steps: | . | (1) Obtain calibration data in contro? runs to establish baseline runs to’establish baseline performance of the magnetometer in the absence of any subject. (2) Repeat above with various subjects present, but passive, to establish background of perturbation effects in the presence of Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4
Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4 ane subjects not engaging in volitional efforts to perturb magnetometer system, (3) Carry out controlled experimental runs based on effort/ non-effort periods being determined by random number generator to provide statistical control. Make multiple recordings to investigate “recorder only" effects, and conduct automated statistical analysis (FFT, spike train analysis, etc.) of the magnetometer output to determine the signature of subject-produced effects. (4) If perturbation effects are observed, interposition of distance and shielding in a systematic way to determine dependence af these factors. In addition to the possible use of sensitive instrumentation as targets for active perturbation efforts in, for example, a communication Tink, such § tudy offers the potential for determining the use of such instrumentation as passive detectors of remote viewing phenomena ("intrusion detection"). Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00788R002000010006-4