Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
Science Applications International Corporation
An Employee-Owned Company
CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE IN A PROPOSED STUDY OF
Anomalous Cognition in Lucid Dreaming
You are invited to participate in research intended to determine if the lucid dream state can improve anomalous
cognition (AC), it it occurs. A lucid dream is one in which the dreamer becomes aware that he or she is dreaming,
and AC is a form of information transfer in which all known sensory stimuli are supposedly absent.
If you decide to accept this invitation, you will be asked to attend a DreamLight training seminar during which you will
leam about the lucid dream state and be instructed on ways to become lucid in your dreams. The initial seminar will last
six hours a day for two days; will be conducted in a group; and will include lectures, demonstrations, and exercises that
teach lucid dreaming with the aid of the DreamLight. A subsequent seminar will be less formal and will serve as discus-
sion forums to help solidify your knowledge about optimal use of the DreamLight and lucid dream techniques.
The experiment will be conducted by you, in your own home. On specified days, a target photograph, which will be
randomly selected from a pool of 100 photographs of outdoor scenes, will be sent to you in a sealed envelope. Your
task is to generate a lucid dream in which you actively investigate the contents of the sealed envelope. Following a
successful dream, you awaken and record your dream experience in written and drawn form. You then mail the
unopened target envelope along with your impressions to the principal investigator. By return mail you will receive
a copy of the target photograph so that you will be able to compare your response with the target material. There
will be six such trials during the study, which will last through May 1991.
At the conclusion of the study, you will be told the details of the analysis, the statistical outcome of your contribu-
tion, and the overall outcome of the experiment. At all times, the confidentiality of your participation in this experi-
ment will be protected. Your name will not be used.
Reference to you in records of this experiment and in any
published results will be coded or in consolidated form.
Similar research in other laboratories has shown that no health risks are involved in participating in this type of
experiment. This field of research, however, is deemed by some to have no scientific foundation. Some friends or
colleagues, therefore, may consider your participation to indicate a belief in the occult or paranormal. While, to the
knowledge of the investigators, no one has suffered career damage from participating in scientific research of the
type we are proposing, you should realize that your credibility with some persons might be damaged if you should
chose to reveal your participation in this experiment.
In addition, there is no reason to believe that, having participated in studies such as this you will be able to use your
abilities for specific personal gain.
Occasionally, participants come to believe that they possess the capacity to use
so-called psychic skills for personal profit in risk-taking situations (e.g., participating in games of chance or specula-
tive investments). Some individuals who have participated in experiments of this kind have acted on such assump-
tions to their apparent disadvantage. Thus, the risk exists that you may come to believe that you have a skill that you
may not possess. You are advised of this risk and warned that you assume responsibility for any assumptions which
you make about your personal skills or capabilities.
Emergency medical care is available if the need arises during your participation in this study at the SAIC facilities in
Menlo Park, California. However, no additional medical care or compensation is offered to participants in the ex-
periment. For emergency medical assistance at the SAIC facilities in Menlo Park, California, we will call the Urgent
Care Center of Palo Alto Medical Foundation at (415) 853-2959 and explain the nature of the emergency and take
appropriate action.
If this explanation leaves you with any unanswered questions, please ask and obtain answers satisfactory to you
before signing below.
If you have questions later, please call Dr. Stephen LaBerge at (415) 325-4297 or Dr. Edwin
C. May at (415) 325-8292. An SAIC Institutional Review Board (IRB) composed of physicians and other knowl-
1010 El Camino Real, Suite 330, P.O. Box 1412, Menlo Park, CA 94025
•
(415) 325-8292
Otheg SAICJDffices. Albugu^eque, Bcpipii Colorado
Las^egag
/ q<lAa/7alg.s_ McLean-OnkUidan- Qilanda.
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Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
edgeable persons has reviewed the plan of this study to ensure that you are protected to the maximum extent pos-
sible from any health risks that may be associated with your participation in this study. Additional inquiries or com-
ments may be addressed to the IRB Chairman, Dr. Garrison Rapmund, 6 Burning Thee Court, Bethesda MD
20817, (301 ) 365-1419 .
Your participation in the research is voluntary. You will be free to cease participation at any time.
If you decide not
to participate or you later withdraw from participation, there will be no adverse consequences for you.
After receiving the information provide above and the answers to my questions,
I,
t
agree to participate as a subject in the activity described. I consent to the use and publication of any data or informa-
tion resulting from my participation, provided that I am not personally identified.
I further understand that addi-
tional information regarding the experiment will be available to me on request and that I may withdraw my consent
to participate in this experiment at any time. I am an adult and am not presently under medication or treatment by a
physician, except
Your signature indicates that you have read and understood the above information, that your questions have been
answered to your satisfaction, and that you have decide to participate based on the information provided. A copy of
this form will be furnished to you.
Signature of Subject
Signature of Witness
Signature of Principal Investigator
Date
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
Protocols for the Use of Human Subjects
III. ENHANCING DETECTION OF
ANOMALOUS COGNITION WITH BINARY CODING
Wanda L. W. Luke.
U.S. Government, Client Private.
Phenomenological Research and Analysis.
SAIC.
2 January 1992.
MINIMAL
Risks due to anomalous cognition (AC) are no
different from those that might result from “nor-
mal” daily cognitive processes.
Subjects will be
exposed to static photographs of mundane sub-
jects
(e.g., natural scene from a National Geo-
graphic magazine, collages of photographic ele-
ments).
Past
experience
indicates
that
risks
associated with this kind of activity are no more
serious
than temporary minor
fatigue due
to
mental effort.
B. Proposed Use of Human Subjects
(1) Research-purpose, and anticipated results:
Previous research has shown that AC provides
only a slight statistical advantage over chance.
Successful
attempts have been made
to
in-
crease the detection of AC and thus, increase
this advantage; however,
they have
not
in-
volved complex target material.
This pilot ex-
periment, which
will use complex targets,
is de-
signed to explore a binary coding technique that
may enhance the detection of AC. An increased
AC
reliability
will
allow more productive
inves-
tigations of AC mechanisms.
A. General Information
(1)
Principal investigator:
(2)
Contract in force:
(3)
Project title:
(4)
Responsible organization:
(5) Beginning
date:
(6) Risk to human subjects:
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pAmmVtWsZmS&smi®®0*
CIA-RDP96-00789R0031 00130001 -3
(2) Human-use protocol:
In this pilot study, subjects will be asked to use AC to provide information about an unknown
target.
Before the experiment begins, each subject will be provided with the dates on which a
target will be located in a prearranged location. That target will remain there for one week.
Subjects may attempt to describe this target at their convenience at any time within the week.
During the experiment, each subject will attempt to provide six to twelve AC trials according to
the following procedure:
• A target, which will be generated randomly either from a set of National Geographic maga-
zine photographs or from a collage of photographic elements, will be placed in a designated
location in the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory at SAIC.
• For a period lasting no longer than 15 minutes, the subject will write and draw, in detail, his or
her impressions of this target.
• Afterward, the subject will send the response by facsimile to the principal investigator (PI) in
Menlo Park.
• Upon receiving the response, the PI will send back a five-point “yes/no” questionnaire about
the target (e.g., Is a box part of the target?).
• The subject will answer the questions and returns them to the PI.
• As feedback, the PI then sends the subject a color copy of the target by overnight mail.
From the subject’s perspective, the total effort that is required for each trial is less than 30 min-
utes, not counting the feedback period, which may be delayed by as much as 24 hours. There
will be significant breaks during the experiment period (i.e., January to May 1992) for holidays
and to allow the subjects to participate in other experiments. The PI will maintain frequent
phone contact with the subjects during the experiment.
At the conclusion of the experiment, the subject will be informed about the statistical outcome
of his or her contribution and will be told about the overall result in general terms.
4 to 8 individuals.
21 years and over..
All subjects will be in good health, as determined
by a comprehensive medical history form com-
pleted by the subjects and reviewed by the phy-
sicians Palo Alto Medical Center.
It is possible that the PI might propose to use as
a subject, a person having some health problem
in their medical history. In this unlikely event,
SAIC would ask the physicians of the Palo Alto
Medical Foundation, in consultation with the
subject's own physician, to rule on the partici-
pation of the subject in this research.
e.
Source:
All subjects will be chosen from those that have
participated
in previous
successful AC
experi-
ments. Their backgrounds will be reviewed dur-
ing the IRB formal meeting.
(3)
Subject description:
a.
Number:
b.
Age range:
c.
State of health:
d.
Special qualifications:
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CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
f.
Method of selection:
g.
Compensation:
(4)
Description of risk to the subjects:
(5)
Deception:
(6)
Dirugs or devices:
(7)
Safeguards against risks:
Self selection.
Those individuals who are in the above popula-
tion will be invited to participate in this experi-
ment, and acceptance is completely voluntary.
Yes.
All subjects are consultants to SAIC and re-
ceive compensation
in accordance with
their
individual contracts.
The methods used to conduct trials in this
experiment do not expose subjects to procedures
any more risky than the environment of an open-
book school examination that is taken at home.
However, two possible psychological risks should
be noted. One risk stems from the opinion held
by many scientists and laypersons that participa-
tion in studies of the paranormal indicates a be-
lief in the occult and supernatural.
Subjects in
this study, if they voluntarily disclose their partici-
pation, have a small chance of losing the respect
of colleagues who believe that these studies have
no scientific merit. Another risk is the possibility
that some persons may come to believe that they
have skills which, in fact, they do not possess.
None.
None.
The potential for psychological risk will be
reduced by advising the subject of the potential
risks involved in the experiment, and by protect-
ing the subject’s anonymity.
Except for medical
history, which will reside with a physician at Pato
Alto Medical Foundation,
personal
information
will remain in SAIC custody for the duration of
the
project
(i.e.,
approximately
five
years).
If
studies
in
this
area
are continued beyond
this
time, the data will be archived in compliance with
all
applicable
laws and
federal regulations with
federal policy for the protection of human sub-
jects in research.
In addition, the experiment shall be conducted in
full compliance with
all applicable laws and fed-
eral
regulations.
Subjects will be provided with
information concerning their involvement in the
experiment, and consent will be obtained in writ-
ing from each subject before research
is under-
taken. A subject may decline involvement at any
time.
Technical
details of this experiment must
be approved by the Scientific Oversight Commit-
tee of the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory.
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R0031 001 30001 -3s
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
jhv#
Iff
mr®
Science Applications International Corporation
An Employee-Owned Company
CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE IN A PROPOSED STUDY OF
Enhancing Detection of Anomalous Cognition with Binary Coding
You are invited to participate in research intended to enhance the detection of anomalous cognition (AC) if it occurs.
We anticipate that a successful study will lead to more efficient experiments to understand the possible mechanisms of
AC.
If you accept this invitation, you will be asked to participate in six to twelve trials from January to May 1992. There
will be only one trial during a week and it will last approximately 15 minutes.
Before the experiment begins, you will be given a list of dates on which a target will be located in a prearranged location
in our laboratory in Menlo Park, California. Each target will remain in that location for the duration of one week, so that
you may conduct your AC session at any time during that period.
During your session, you will be asked to write and
draw in detail your impressions of the target material. The targets will be randomly selected from prearranged sets of
either photographs of outdoor scenes or from collages of unrelated picture elements. When you are finished, you will
send your response material by facsimile to the principal investigator (PI) in Menlo Park.
When the PI receives your response, you will be sent a five-point, “yes/no” questionnaire about the target. When the
PI receives your answers, a copy of the target photograph will be sent to you via overnight mail as feedback. Your
answers to the questions and your AC response will be used to test the detection enhancement procedures.
At the conclusion of the study, you will be told the details of the analysis, the statistical outcome of your contribu-
tion, and the overall outcome of the experiment. At all times, the confidentiality of your participation in this experi-
ment will be protected.
Your name will not be used.
Reference to you in records of this experiment and in any
published results will be coded or in consolidated form.
Similar research in other laboratories has shown that no health risks are involved in participating in this type of
experiment. This field of research, however, is deemed by some to have no scientific foundation. Some friends or
colleagues, therefore, may consider your participation to indicate a belief in the occult or paranormal. While, to the
knowledge of the investigators, no one has suffered career damage from participating in scientific research of the
type we are proposing, you should realize that your credibility with some persons might be damaged if you should
chose to reveal your participation in this experiment.
In addition, there is no reason to believe that, having participated in studies such as this you will be able to use your
abilities for specific personal gain.
Occasionally, participants come to believe that they possess the capacity to use
so-called psychic skills for personal profit in risk-taking situations (e.g., participating in games of chance or specula-
tive investments). Some individuals who have participated in experiments of this kind have acted on such assump-
tions to their apparent disadvantage. Thus, the risk exists that you may come to believe that you have a skill that you
may not possess. You are advised of this risk and warned that you assume responsibility for any assumptions which
you make about your personal skills or capabilities.
Emergency medical care is available if the need arises during your participation in this study at the SAIC facilities in
Menlo Park, California. However, no additional medical care or compensation is offered to participants in the ex-
periment. For emergency medical assistance at the SAIC facilities in Menlo Park, California, we will call the Urgent
Care Center of Palo Alto Medical Foundation at (415) 853-2959 and explain the nature of the emergency and take
appropriate action.
If this explanation leaves you with any unanswered questions, please ask and obtain answers satisfactory to you
before signing below.
If you have questions later, please call Wanda L. W. Luke or Dr. Edwin C. May at (415)
325-8292. An SAIC Institutional Review Board (IRB) composed of physicians and other knowledgeable persons
has reviewed the plan of this study to ensure that you are protected to the maximum extent possible from any health
1010 El Camino Real, Suite 330, P.O. Box 1412, Menlo Park, CA 94025
• (415) 325-8292
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
risks that may be associated with your participation in this study.
Additional inquiries or comments may be ad-
dressed to the IRB Chairman, Dr. Garrison Rapmund, 6 Burning Tree Court, Bethesda, MD 20817, (301) 365-1419.
Your participation in the research is voluntary. You will be free to cease participation at any time.
If you decide not
to participate or you later withdraw from participation, there will be no adverse consequences for you.
After receiving the information provide above and the answers to my questions, I,
>
agree to participate as a subject in the activity described.
I consent to the use and publication of any data or informa-
tion resulting from my participation, provided that I am not personally identified.
I further understand that addi-
tional information regarding the experiment will be available to me on request and that I may withdraw my consent
to participate in this experiment at any time.
I am an adult and am not presently under medication or treatment by a
physician, except
*
Youir signature indicates that you have read and understood the above information, that your questions have been
answered to your satisfaction, and that you have decide to participate based on the information provided. A copy of
this form will be furnished to you.
Signature of Subject
Signature of Witness
Signature of Principal Investigator
Date
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R0031 001 30001-3
£80if#fl^a?Q8A|BM>8
: CIA.RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
IV. ENHANCING ANOMALOUS COGNITION
OF BINARY TARGETS
A. General Information
(1)
Principal investigator:
(2) Contract in force:
(3)
Project title:
(4) Responsible organization:
(5) Begin data:
(6) Risk to human subjects:
Edwin C. May, Ph.D.
U.S. Government, Client Private.
Phenomenological Research and Analysis.
SAIC.
2 January 1992.
MINIMAL.
Subjects are asked to sit comfortably in front of
a computer monitor and occasionally press a
mouse button.
This process requires no more
risk than any other type of computer activity.
B. Proposed Use of Human Subjects
(1) Research-purpose, and anticipated results:
Previous research has suggested that anomalous
cognition (AC) of binary targets can be signifi-
cantly enhanced using a sophisticated statisti-
cal averaging technique known as sequential
sampling. The chance probability of guessing a
binary digit correctly is 0.50. In one pilot study,
AC was observed to increase this probability
from 0.55 to 0.60.
Using sequential analysis,
these probabilities were increased further to
0.60 and 0.70, respectively.
The purpose of this pilot study is to improve the
techniques reported earlier.
If AC of binary
targets could be made more reliable, then other
AC research would be more efficient, and lim-
ited applications of binary AC are more likely.
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
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MSMfKmUtiimm*
: CIA.RDP96.00789R0031 00130001-3
(2) Human-use protocol:
For each trial in this experiment, a computer will randomly generate a binary one or zero that
will be used as an AC target. A subject will attempt multiple guesses of the same target using
AC abilities. We will use a sophisticated statistical averaging technique, which is called sequen-
tial analysis (SA), to arrive at a single “guess” for that trial.
A subject will be asked to contribute 200 such AC trials over a period of five months beginning
in January 1992. The trial rate will be limited to no more than ten per day and no more than two
days per week.
During each trial, the subject will perform the following tasks:
• At a prearranged time, the principal investigator (PI) will initiate a computer program on a
Sun Microsystems SPARC 2 computer and invite the subject to sit comfortably in front of the
monitor.
• The subject will press a computer mouse button when he or she feels that in doing so, the
correct sample bit will be selected.
Note:
Internally, the computer uses a random number generator to chose a binary target, which
is fixed for each trial. When the session begins, the computer oscillates a potential sample bit at
high speed (i.e., greater than 1,000 per second). When the subject presses the mouse button, the
state of this oscillator is taken as the sample (i.e., either one or zero), which is analyzed by SA.
• The subject will repeat the above process until ten decisions have been made or until the time
exceeds 30 minutes.
• At each decision, the computer will display the result as feedback.
There will be significant breaks during the experiment period for holidays and to allow the sub-
jects to participate in other experiments. The PI will maintain frequent contact with the sub-
jects during the experiment.
At the conclusion of the experiment, the subject will be informed about the statistical outcome
of his or her contribution and will be told about the overall result in general terms.
(3)
Subject description:
a.
Number:
b.
Age range:
c.
State of health:
3 to 5 individuals.
21 years and over.
All subjects will be in good health, as determined
by a comprehensive medical history form com-
pleted by the subjects and reviewed by the phy-
sicians Palo Alto Medical Center.
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R0031 001 30001-#°
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3
Protocols for the Use of Human Subjects
e.
Source:
f.
Method of selection:
g.
Compensation:
(4)
Deception:
(5) Drugs or devices:
(6)
Qualifications:
(7)
Safeguards against risks:
(8) Consent form:
incipaT Investigator
O
Signature of Principal Investigator
Cl
Signature of Project Director
<J
All subjects will be chosen from those that have
participated
in previous
successful AC
experi-
ments. Their backgrounds will be reviewed dur-
ing the ERB formal meeting.
Self selection.
Those individuals who are in the above popula-
tion will be invited to participate in this experi-
ment, and acceptance is completely voluntary.
Yes.
All subjects are consultants to SAIC or staff
and receive compensation in accordance with
their individual contracts.
None.
None.
See attached curricula vitae.
The potential for psychological risk will be
reduced by advising the subject of the potential
risks involved in the experiment, and by protect-
ing the subject’s anonymity.
Except for medical
history, which will reside with a physician at Palo
Alto Medical Foundation, personal information
will remain in SAIC custody for the duration of
the
project
(i.e,
approximately
five
years).
If
studies
in
this area
are continued beyond
this
time, the data will be archived in compliance with
all
applicable laws and federal regulations with
federal policy for the protection of human sub-
jects in research.
In addition, the experiment shall be conducted in
full compliance with all applicable laws and fed-
eral regulations.
Subjects will be provided with
information concerning their involvement in the
experiment, and consent will be obtained in writ-
ing from each subject before research
is under-
taken. A subject may decline involvement at any
time.
Tfechnical
details of this experiment must
be approved by the Scientific Oversight Commit-
tee of the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory.
See attached consent form.
/z //?/»/
_
Date
/ z //?/?;
.
Date
Approved For Release 2000/08/08
: CIA-RDP96-00789R003100130001-3 21