Approved For Release 2000/08/1 QRERRERP96-00787R000100260003-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page E. Hastings and. Hurt (1976) . .. 6. 1 ee we we we tt es 205 F. Jahn (1978) ..... rr 210 G. Karnes and Susman (1978) see see ee 213 H, Rauscher, Weissmann, Sarfatti, and Sirag (1976). oe ee 224 I. Solfvin, Roll, and Krieger (1978) 1... 1 ew ew we tt 228 J. Tart (1977) cee a 232 K. Vallee, Hastings, and “Askevold a 237 L. Whitson, Bogart, Palmer, and Tart . 1... ee eee ee 245 IV. EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL CRITICISMS. . . 2... . ee «© ew es 253 Jv; RECOMMENDED RESEARCH IMPROVEMENTS ...... 40. ee ee ae 261 REFERENCES . 0. 00 0 ee ee ee ee ee ke ee ee ke ee ew en we 270 APPENDIX A. SUMMARY AND EVALUATION OF MORRIS' (1972) FREE- RESPONSE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE . .... 1. ew wea 274 APPENDIX B, REMOTE VIEWING PROTOCOL . . . 1. 1. ee we we we wee 282 Approved For Release 2000/08/1 6+ CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 faiifigiaP96-00787R000100260003-2 In Rauscher we seem to have another case (like Hastings) of an experimenter/target person/consultant/author. It is difficult to maintain acceptance of a "double-blind" protocol under these circumstances. As with the series of experiments dealing with local targets, there is a large number of methodological questions raised about the long-distance with-target-person experiments. Critical Evaluation: Remaining Long Distance Targets with Coordinates The remote-viewing experiments involving coordinates rather than a target person will be discussed under two categories, U.S. and foreign. These experiments are Limited in number and are discussed in one publication. (Puthoff, et al., 1977a) Two of the three experiments, those of the Sylvania Laser Lab, Mt. View, California, and the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron, Berkeley, California, could easily involve cueing. Targ, who selected the coordinates, had also worked for Sylvania. After five years of research effort together, it is difficult to believe that some sort of information did not flow between the two experimenters, and therefore, this target can hardly be considered "double-blind." No statement is made as to whether the subject, I> an experienced remote viewer and likely one of the six early remote-viewers, co-researcher, and experimenter has ever been to the target. | The second target, the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron, is also a choice related to one of the experimenters, Elizabeth Rauscher, who well may have knowledge of this target. It is stated that the experimenter with subject, Hq; did have prior knowledge of the target. The experimenter knew the name and general function of the building and although supposedly -167 Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2 a taking precautions to prevent cueing, leading questions have been used before and could have been used here also. The choice of experimenters is obviously poor since, besides Rauscher, there are at least four more involved in the research: Hurt, Targ, Puthoff, and May. Cole may also still be involved. The description of the third target, that of the Minuteman and Poseidon Static Test Firings includes statements such as "'... drawn-out muffled roars' which ! raised dust clouds' and involved ‘glowing melted materials’ ...." (p. 75) could also apply to what could be observed from a distant viewing. With as many people involved in the project and with knowledge of the coordinates, it would not be difficult to have an observer near the spot to report the actual time of the firings. Two subjects are involved in this experiment, qT, in Menlo Park who part lei pated in all five experiments and H, in L.A. who participated in two. Why did Hy only participate in two? Previously, more than one reading has been allowed in both the local and long-distance experiments and the same questions apply to these experiments, such as: Was there any form of feedback given to the subject at any time during the experiment? What time period elapsed between first and second readings? The foreign targets are an R&D test facility and some Russian sites. 7 Of the foreign targets, the R&D test facility also appears to have had many readings. This target, however, is identified to the experimenters not only by coordinates but also as being an R&D test facility. Two clues are already available to the experimenters. It is difficult to estimate how much could be guessed (or cued to the subject) knowing the sponsor. , 168 Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 mappeitigpes 00787R000700260003-2 Price is the subject for this experiment. "Pigure 1 shows the level of detail for a sample early effort at drawing a gantry crane he observed ...."" (SRI Progress Report, August 1974, p. 3) Price seems to have been a fairly decent artist if his sketch of the swimming pool complex is any indication of his ability. (Mind-Reach, p. 54) Why then the need, in an early drawing, for such a precise rule-drawn sketch? Was the drawing really his first? The remaining experiments are Russian—based targets and appear to be grouped around Moscow. This in itself is an advantage since only this area would need to be covered with finely detailed maps. Two subjects participate: Ly and Z,, a: new subject apparently. since this letter designation has not been used earlier. The experimenters passed the coordinates to Is which are of a population center. The subject, however, described a dam and an airfield. When these descriptions do not match the actual coordinates, I, requests an overview of . 1 the area. which now does include the airfield, thus making his description appear correct. In effect, attention is drawn away from the non-corresponding elements and drawn to those that do correspond much as a magician does in his routine. The use of pictures, although for the reader's sake, and the use of standing at specific spots for judging, quoting only certain elements of a transcript, are also ways in which this same diversion-of-attention procedure seems to be used. That this type of behavior is used is not unremarkable considering that Targ was an accomplished amateur magician. "Magic tricks fall into two general categories which I will call 'sleights'. and illusions." Sleight-of-hand tricks are simply misdirections of the observer's attention by the performer. In magic, as in psychic research, attention is everything .... Iowever, attention will not help you keep | 169 ) Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2 Gllnrr
Approved For Release 2000/08/1 or 00260003-2 track of the other form of trick, an illusion -»e» An illusion, ..., is any trick in which the observer is invited to greatly underestimate the amount of preparation necessary to create the ‘effect.' ... This preparation may have begun the moment the magician learned that on a particular day in the next month he will have a meeting with a given person who just might ask to be shown some magic. And with a month to prepare for a meeting, a magician can do anything. A magician will spend. that kind of time to prepare a single trick, because that's what he does for a living." (Mind-Reach, pp. 139-140) In the same experiment, E, is told to search the general coordinate area, 1 specifically for an airfield. If these instructions were given, they must 18 request for an overview of the area or both have been given following I were cued to look for such, The second site was one of no special interest containing a town within a barren area. Reference to an Atlas indicates this quite easily. Puthoff, Targ, and May (1977) conclude that this experiment "... provided an opportunity. to verify that (1) the subject's output is not simply geared to match the expectations of the experimenters ...." [Do they really mean the "expectation of the experimenters" or should they say, what is expected from those designating the target?] "., (2) the subject does not simply conjure up what may reasonably be ial expected to be correct .... [Here, again why should the subject "expect" "... and in fact describes the area appropriate to the coordinates anything? ] even. though it may run counter even to the subject's own expectations." As has been stated previously, any knowledge of this area would provide the information that the subject describes. However, the subject may have | Approved For Release 2000/08/10 “°CIA-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2 Seenrr
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 cAibeRDP96-00787R000100260003-2 | been very surprised at this set of coordinates. The remaining experiment is a ten-site scan about which the above comments can also apply. The one site mentioned is also centered around Moscow and a general description of the site could be obtained from a map. Since the more specific elements have not been verified to us, it is difficult to discuss this series further. | Puthoff,- Targ, and May use four other studies as verification of their remote-viewing studies. In Mind-Reach, they state: "In the fall of 1974, we had already concluded most of the experiments described thus far. Our work was going well. Other laboratories were beginning to replicate our remote viewing experiments." (p. 90) The first study using their protocol is that of Rauscher, et al., reported in August 1975. As has been stated earlier, this author becomes a consultant and experimenter for the SRI team. This study, however, did not show significant results. In March 1976, IEEE issused a formal call for papers: "We would encourage others to repeat their experiments and to report their results, whether they be positive or negative." (p. 291) As has been shown earlier, Hastings, also involved in the SRI studies, and Hurt, also involved, run their experiment in early March (See Table 1.), although these results are not published until October 1976. Whitson, Bogart, Palmer, and Tart's paper is also received in late March. Tart has also been involved in the remote viewing studies: "... the authors have benefited greatly from their many discussions with ... Dr. Charles Tart ...." (Mind- Reach, p. viii) Vallee, Hastings, and Askevold's paper is received in early May. Hastings is also involved in this study in addition to being a co— researcher with Tart in another study. (Tart, 1977, p. 165) Of these, Approved For Release 2000/08/10 1¢4a-RDP96-00787R000100260003-2 ALD