DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  ARMY 
UNITED  STATES  ARMY  INTELLIGENCE  AND  SECURITY  COMMAND 
Arlington  Hall  Station 
Arlington,  Virginia  22212 
USAINSCOM  Regulation  1  March  1983 
No.  381-12 
Military  Intelligence 
WEATHER  INTELLIGENCE  AND  THREAT  ANALYSIS  PROGRAM  (WINTAP) 
Supplementation  of  this  regulation  is  prohibited  unless  prior  approval  is 
obtained  from  the  Headquarters,  ATTN:   IAOPS-PMD. 
Paragraph        Page 
Applicability   • 
 2  1 
Explanation  of  Terms   ■ 
 — —  4  2 
Responsibilities   • 
 6  3 
Appendix  A.  Procedures  for  Obtaining  Cllmatologlcal 
Appendix  jl.  Examples  of  Cllmatologlcal  Data   B-l 
Appendix  C.  Considerations  for  WINTAP  EEI    C-l 
Appendix  D.  Steps  in  Development  of  Weather  Intelligence 
and  Threat  Analysis   ■  ■  ■  ■  -  ■-■■■■  ■   D-l 
Glossary   —     — ■ 
 — --   —  Glossary  1 
1.  Purpose.  This  regulation  Implements  the  US  Army  Intelligence  and  Security 
Command  (INSCOM)  Weather  Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis  Program  (WINTAP), 
and  sets  forth  INSCOM  policies,  responsibilities,  and  procedures  for  the  WINTAP. 
2.  Applicability.  This  regulation  applies  to  all  elements  of  the  INSCOM. 
3.  References. 
a.  Required  publications  (publications  that  must  be  used  in  connection
USAINSCOM  Regulation   381-12  1   March   1983 
with  this  regulation). 
(1)  AR  115-1  (Point  Weather  Warning  Dissemination).   Cited  in  para- 
graph 5. 
(2)  AR  115-10  (Meteorological  Support  for  the  US  Array).   Cited  in 
paragraph  5. 
(3)  AR  115-12  (US  Army  Requirements  For  Weather  Service  Support). 
Cited  in  paragraph  5. 
(4)  AR  310-25  (Dictionary  of  US  Army  Terras).  Cited  in  paragraph  4. 
b.  Related  publications  (publications  that  are  sources  of  additional 
information). 
(1)  AR  381-11  (Threat  Support  to  US  Array  Force,  Combat,  and  Materiel 
Development). 
(2)  HODA  Meteorological  Plan  for  Action  (MPA). 
(3)  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-11  (Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis 
Production  Support). 
(4)  HO,  INSCOM  Echelons  Above  Corps  (EAC)  Architecture,  15  Jan  82. 
(5)  FM  30-10  (Military  Geographic  Intelligence),  Chapter  2. 
4.  Explanation  of  Terms.   Terras  used  in  this  regulation  are  defined  in  JCS 
Publication  1  and  AR  310-25  (Dictionary  of  US  Army  Terras),  AR  115-10,  and 
115-12  except  as  follows: 
a.  Weather  Intelligence.  Intelligence  which  predicts  the  degree,  likelihood, 
and  nature  of  the  impact  of  weather  phenomena  in  support  of  specific  military 
plans,  and  which  uses  weather  support  products,  hydrological  and  weather  fore- 
casts in  analysis  of  the  capability  of  foreign  nations  to  manipulate  the  weather 
and  the  effects  of  weather  phenomena  on  possible  enemy  courses  of  action. 
b*  Weather  Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis  Program  (WINTAP).  An  INSCOM 
developed  program  to  ensure  provision  of  weather  intelligence  and  threat  analy- 
sis support  to  US  Army. 
c.  Weather  Threat.  An  assessment  of  weather  phenomena  in  terms  of  their 
effects  on  combat  materiel,  employment  doctrine,  force  structure  planning  or 
development,  and/or  friendly  courses  of  action  in  specific  plans. 
5.  Concept.  Weather  phenomena,  such  as  wind,  temperature,  air  density,  and 
other  weather  factors,  are  major  considerations  affecting  the  capabilities  of 
the  tactical  forces  to  communicate,  shoot  and  move.  The  WINTAP  provides  weather 
intelligence  and  weather  threat  support  to  meet  Army  requirements.  The  WINTAP 
also  makes  provisions  for  weather  support  to  INSCOM  activities.
1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
a.  WINTAP  is  designed  to  meet  INSCOM' 8  operational  and  threat  analysis  ' 
production  needs.  It  addresses  the  tactical  commanders'  needs  for  weather 
intelligence  and  threat  data  required  to  plan  and  execute  combat  operations. 
b.  To  adequately  accommodate  the  Army's  requirements  and  provide  support 
to  INSCOM  activities,  WINTAP  will  be  planned  and  executed  in  two  modes:  INSCOM 
weather  intelligence  and  threat  support  to  Army;  and  weather  support  to  INSCOM. 
Weather  intelligence  and  threat  support  will  be  provided  in  accordance  with 
this  regulation  and  the  WINTAP.  Weather  support  to  INSCOM  activities  will  be 
as  prescribed  in  AR  115-1,  AR  115-10  and  AR  115-12.  Procedures  for  obtaining 
cllmatological  data  and  examples  of  cllmatologlcai  data  are  shown  in  appendix 
A  and  B. 
6.  Responsibilities. 
a.  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Operations  (DCSOPS).  The  DCSOPS  serves  as  the 
INSCOM  Central  Focal  Point  (CFP)  of  contact  for  WINTAP  and  is  responsible  for 
management  and  implementation  of  the  WINTAP.  The  DCS0PS- 
(1)  Ensures  that  WINTAP  products  satisfy  user  requirements,  and  are 
properly  disseminated. 
(2)  Provides  for  or  arranges  training  of  INSCOM  personnel  in  the  use  of 
weather  service  support  products  applicable  to  INSCOM  missions. 
(3)  Provides  guidance  for  and  monitors  the  development  and  maintenance 
of  the  user  Essential  Elements  of  Intelligence  (EEI)  master  list.  Considerations 
for  WINTAP  EEI  are  listed  at  appendix  C.   Steps  in  the  development  of  weather 
intelligence  and  threat  analysis  are  shown  in  appendix  D. 
(4)  Directs,  initiates  and  participates  in  studies  and  plans  for  devel- 
oping criteria  and  priorities  for  WINTAP  products. 
C5)  Reviews  the  use  of  weather  service  support  products  in  the  produc- 
tion of  intelligence  and  threat  analysis  products.  This  review  is  the  basis  for 
annual  revalidation  of  the  weather  service  support  requirements. 
(6)  Maintains  liaison  with  national  and  departmental  agencies  and 
commands  in  matters  of  WINTAP  interest. 
(7)  Reviews  current  weather  service  support  plans,  policies,  procedures 
and  doctrine  applicable  to  the  INSCOM  missions  and  functions  and  provides 
comments  and  recommendations  to  meteorological  and  weather  support  documents 
originated  by  DA,  INSCOM  and  other  MACOMs. 
(8)  Reviews  INSCOM  mission  areas  for  weather  Impact  and  recommends 
weather  service  support  products  that  can  enhance  accomplishment  of  the  opera- 
tional mission. 
b.  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Force  Modernization  (DCSFM).  The  DCSFM,  in 
concert  with  the  DCSOPS,  reviews  organizational  and  operational  doctrine, 
concepts,  studies,  and  associated  data  for  WINTAP  implications.  The  DCSFM-
USAINSCOM  regulation  381-12  1  March  1983 
(J)  Assists  INSCOM  and  TRADOC  in  establishing  responsibility  for  WINTAP 
doctrine  and  procedures  at  EAC  and  Echelons  Corps  and  Below  (ECB). 
(2)  Reviews  combat,  materiel,  and  force  modernization  documentation 
for  WINTAP  implications. 
c   Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Logistics  (DCSLOC).   The  DCSLOG  reviews  and 
assesses  the  logistical  impact  of  the  WINTAP. 
d.  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Resources  Management  (DCSRM).  The  DCSRM 
provides  resource  programming  guidance,  manpower  authorization  and  documentation 
to  the  WINTAP. 
e.  Other  INSCOM  staff  offices.  The  INSCOM  staff- 
(1)  Assists  the  DCSOPS  to  implement  and  conduct  the  WINTAP  within 
their  areas  of  responsibility. 
(2)  Requests  DCSOPS- 
(a)  To  support  their  weather  support  needs. 
(b)  To  provide  guidance  on  WINTAP  matters. 
f .  Commander  (Cdr)  Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis  Center  (ITAC).  ITAC 
will  produce  products  to  meet  US  Army  requirements  for  weather  intelligence 
and  threat  analysis.  The  Cdr  ITAC  will- 
(1)  Ensure  that  weather  threat  is  considered  and  (or)  included  in  all 
INSCOM  threat  production. 
(2)  Conduct  research  and  studies  or  collect  and  coordinate  on  methods 
and  techniques,  for  the  development  of  weather  intelligence  to  facilitate 
adequate  and  prompt  response  to  INSCOM  and  Army  requirements  for  WINTAP  products. 
(3)  In  response  to  validated  intelligence  production  requirements 
(IPRs),  assist  INSCOM  and  Army  organizations  and  activities  to  develop  compre- 
hensive EEIs,  IPRs  and  intelligence  collection  requirements  (ICRs)  for  WINTAP 
collection  and  production. 
(4)  Develop  weather  support  requirements  for  inclusion  in  or  production 
of  both  weather  intelligence  and  weather  threat  analyses  IPRs,  and  for  other 
intelligence  IPRs,  approved  by  KODA. 
(5)  Submit  weather  support  requirements  through  channels  to  USAF  Military 
Airlift  Command  (MAC)  IAW  AR  115-10  and  AR  115-12,  A  copy  of  the  requirements 
will  be  furnished  to  HQ  INSCOM  (ATTN:   IA0PS-PMD). 
g.  Other  INSCOM  units.  Other  INSCOM  units  will- 
(1)  Ensure  WINTAP  is  considered  and  (or)  included  in  their  intelligence  . 
functions.
1  March  1963  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
(2)  Develop  weather  support  requirements  for  their  Intelligence  and 
WINTAP  functions. 
(3)  Submit  weather  support  requirements  through  channels  to  USAF  Military 
Airlift  Command  (MAC)  IAW  AR  115-10  and  AR  115-12.   A  copy  of  the  requirements 
will  be  furnished  to  HQ  INSCOM  (ATTN:   IAOPS-PMD).
•1   rfarch  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
APPENDIX  A 
Procedures  For  Obtaining  Climatological  Support 
1.  Units  with  Staff  Weather  Officer  (SWO)  support  will  submit  their  request  to 
their  SWO.   The  following  is  furnished  for  use  by  units  without  SWO  support. 
Requests  for  climatological  support  will  be  comprehensive  and  include  informa- 
tion on  its  application,  essentiality  to  mission  accomplishment  and  what  the 
adverse  effects  of  not  providing  the  support  could  be. 
2.  In  addition  the  following  information  is  necessary  to  process  support  requests 
'directed  to  the  US  Air  Force  (USAF)  Environmental  Technical  Applications  Center 
(ETAC). 
a.  Unit/Priority 
(1)  Unit  or  agency  to  which  support  is  to  be  provided.  Include  project 
or  study  number. 
(2)  Specify  the  supported  units  DOD  Force  Activity  Designator  (FAD) 
priority. 
b.  Provide  the  specific  address  to  which  support  products  are  to  be  forwarded. 
c.  Message  priority/precedence  for  the  response  (if  applicable)  and  security 
classification  of  support  products.  Does  the  association  of  time  and  location 
with  weather  data  require  classified  handling? 
d.  Point  of  contact:  name,  organization,  message  address,  telephone  number. 
e.  Statement  of  operational  problem.  Be  specific! 
f.  Environmental  data  and/or  support  required.  Give   specific  locations, 
dates/times,  criteria,  frequency  (i.e.,  hourly,  monthly,  seasonal,  etc.), 
format,  etc, 
g.  Daje  when  the  data  or  study  is  required.  Time  may  be  stated  if  critical. 
State  the  Impact  if  suspense  date  cannot  be  met. 
3.  Requests  will  be  submitted  to: 
USAFETAC/DO 
Scott  AFB,  IL  62225 
An  information  copy  of  the  request  will  be  sent  to: 
Cdr,  INSCOM  ATTN: 
IAOPS-PMD 
Arlington  Hall  Station 
Arlington,  VA  22212 
4.  INSCOM  point  of  contact  for  weather  and  climatological  support  is  IAOPS-PMD, 
AV  222  6767,  Comm  202  692  6767. 
5.  This  appendix  will  be  deleted  upon  publication  of  HODA  pamphlet  on  obtaining 
climatology  support. 
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1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
APPENDIX  B 
Examples  of  Climatological  Data 
Definitions 
C-  Celsius  Temperature  Scale. 
cm-  Centimeter 
km-  Kilometer 
KMPH-  Kilometer  per  hour. 
Mean-  The  numerical  value  where  50%  of  the  cases  fall  above  and  50%  of 
the  cases  fall  below  that  value. 
Climatology  Examples 
The  following  are  types  of  information  that  can  be  obtained  from  USAFETAC. 
The  list  is  not  all-inclusive.  Units  having  requirements  should  submit  them 
to  the  SWO  or  USAFETAC. 
Climate 
What  is  the  general  variation  and  pattern  of  temperature,  precipitation, 
humidity,  winds,  clouds,  dust,  thunderstorms,  and  air  pressure? 
How  do  these  weather  factors  affect  visibility  and  ceiling? 
What  special  meteorological  effects,  such  as  hail,  tornados  and  sand  storms 
occur  in  .the  country? 
The  most  frequently  used  climatic  parameters  are: 
Temperature 
Absolute  Maximum 
Mean  Daily  Maximum 
Mean  Daily  Minimum 
Absolute  Minimum 
Mean  number  of  days  >  40  C  Maximum 
Mean  number  of  days  >  30  C  Maximum 
B-l
USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12  1  March  1983 
Mean  number  of  days  <   0  C  Minimum 
Mean  number  of  days  <  -20  C  Minimum 
Precipitation 
Mean  relative  humidity  at  0600  LST  (Local  Standard  Time) 
Mean  relative  humidity  at  1200  LST 
Mean  relative  humidity  at  1500  LST 
Mean  precipitation 
Absolute  Maximum  precipitation 
Absolute  Minimum  precipitation 
Maximum  24  hour  precipitation 
Mean  number  of  days  with  precipitation  >  .025  cm 
Mean  number  of  days  with  thunderstorms 
Mean  monthly  snowfall 
Absolute  Maximum  snowfall 
Maximum  24  hour  snowfall 
Mean  number,  of  days  with  snowfall  >  2.5  cm 
Mean  Montjjly  snow  depth 
Wind 
Direction  and  Mean  speed  kilometer  per  hour  (KMPH)  of  prevailing  wind  (e.g.  0300 
0600,  1500) 
Percentage  frequency  of  windspeed  >  43  KMPH  at  specified  hours  (e.g.,  0300, 
0900,  1500,  2100) 
Fastest  one  minute  windspeed  and  direction  (or  peak  gust) 
Clouds  and  Dust 
Mean  cloudiness,  at  specified  hours  (e.g.,  0000,  0300,  0600, 
1500,  1800,  2100) 
Mean  number  of  days  with  cloud  cover  expressed  in  percentage 
B-2
1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  281-12 
Mean  number  of  days  with  dust 
Visibility  and  Ceiling 
Percentage  frequency  of  visibility  <  10  km,  at  specified  hours  (e.g., 
2400,  0300,  0600,  0900,  1200,  1500,  1800,  2100) 
Percentage  frequency  of  visibility  <  4  km,  at  specified  hours  (e.g., 
2400,  0300,  0600,  0900,  1200,  1500,  1800,  2100) 
Mean  number  of  days  with  visibility  <  1  km 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  1,500  M,  at  specified  hours  (e.g., 
2400,  0300,  0600,  0900,  1200,  1500,  1800,  2100) 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  600  M,  at  specified  hours  (e.g.,  2400, 
0300,  0600,  0900,  1200,  1500,  1800,  2100) 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  300  M  and  visibility  <  4  km  at  specified 
hours  (e.g.,  0600,  1500) 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  200  M  and  visibility  <  2  km  at  specified 
hours  (e.g.  0600,  1500) 
Mean  number  of  days  with  sky  cover  expressed  in  percentage  and  visibility 
5km,  at  specified  hours  (e.g.,  0300,  0900,  1500,  2100) 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  1,500  M  and /or  visibility  <  8  km 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  450  M  and/or  visibility  <  5  km 
at  specified  hours  (e.g.,  2400-0200,  0300-0500,  0600-0800,  0900-1100, 
1200-1400,  1500-1700,  1800-2000,  2100-2300) 
Percentage  frequency  of  ceiling  <  100  M  and/or  visibility  <  1.5  km  at 
specified  hours  (e.g.,  2400-0200,  0300-0500,  0600-0800,  0900-1100) 
B-3
1  March  1983  USArNSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
APPENDIX  C 
Considerations  for  WINTAP  ESI 
1 •  What  is  the  perception  of  the  enemy  towards  the  impact  of  weather  on  the 
conduct  of  warfare? 
2.  What  are  the  results  and  impact  of  testing  activities  conducted  by  the 
enemy  to  determine  weather  impact  on  personnel,  equipment,  training,  tactics, 
and  strategy? 
3.  What  type  of  training  is  conducted  and  applied  by  the  enemy  to  incorporate 
weather  effects  to  obtain  tactical  or  stategic  advantages? 
4.  What  capabilities  does  the  enemy  have  to  modify  the  natural  weather 
conditions? 
a.  What  capabilities  does  the  enemy  have  to  exploit  weather  modification 
in  tactical  situations? 
b.  What  is  the  reliability  of  the  enemy's  weather  modification  efforts? 
5.  What  is  the  enemy  doctrine  on  the  use  of  weather  modification  under  combat 
conditions? 
6.  What  is  the  enemy's  capability  for  weather  forecasting? 
7.  What  are  the  capabilites,  vulnerabilities  and  signatures  of  the  enemy's 
facilities  providing  weather  support  to  his  combat  forces? 
8.  What  is  the  application  of  weather  forecasts  in  the  enemy's  doctrine,  concepts 
operations  and  training? 
9.  What  are  the  enemy's  operational  and  doctrinal  concepts  of  traf ficability  on 
frozen  or  otherwise  unusual  surfaces? 
10.  What  capabilities  does  the  enemy  have  to  forecast  adverse  trafficability? 
11.  What  is  the  reliability  of  adverse  weather  trafficability  products? 
C-l
1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
APPENDIX  D 
STEPS  IN  THE  DEVELOPMENT  OF  WEATHER  INTELLIGENCE  AND  THREAT  ANALYSIS 
la   Development  cf  weather  effects  data. 
a.  INSCOM  will  furnish  guidance  documentation  on  weather  requirements  and 
Impacts  on  operations  and  equipment.  Users  should  use  this  documentation  to 
determine  weather  impacts  upon  their  missions.  Critical  values  are  the  values 
at  which  the  weather  parameter  significantly  degrades  the  mission. 
b.  The  Engineer  Topographic  Laboratories  (ETL)  are  developing  weather 
effects  documentation.  When  available,  this  information  will  be  furnished  to 
the  field. 
c.  The  users  should  document  any  weather  effects  on  their  missions  and  pass 
this  information  to  DCSOPS,  ATTN:   IAOPS-PMD,  for  updating  the  data  base. 
2.  Using  documentation  in  a  and  b  above,  plus  any  locally  developed  weather 
effects  data,  the  users  develop  Essential  Elements  of  Information  (EEI)  needed 
on  enemy  operations,  equipment,  and  weather  facilities.  Information  intended 
to  answer  these  EEI  constitute  weather  intelligence.  EEI  developed  will  be 
documented  and  a  copy  furnished  to  DCSOPS,  ATTN:   IAOPS-PMD,  for  EEI  Master 
List  maintenance. 
3.  Development  of  a  weather  intelligence  and  weather  effects  matrix  will  indi- 
cate EEI  and  weather  support  gaps.  Collection  plans  for  EEI  and  weather  support 
requirements  articulation  are  user  responsibilities.  The  critical  values  and 
impacts  of  weather  form  the  basis  for  weather  support  requirements  submitted  to 
the  supporting  Air  Weather  Service  (AWS)  unit. 
4.  Utilizing  observed  and  forecast  weather  support  products  supplied  by  the 
supporting  weather  support  unit,  existing  or  forecasted  critical  values  of 
weather  effects  and  weather  intelligence  are  determined.  These  show  the 
vulnerabilities  and  capabilities  of  our  own  and  the  enemy  commanders'  courses 
of  action,  as  impacted  by  weather,  for  a  specific  location  and  time  period. 
This  constitutes  weather  threat  analysis. 
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1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
GLOSSARY 
AFB-  Air  Force  Base. 
AR-  Army  regulation. 
AWS-  Air  Weather  Service. 
C-  Celsius. 
CDR-  Commander. 
CFP-  Central  Focal  Point. 
DCSFM-  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Force  Modernization,  INSCOM. 
DCSLOG-  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Logistics,  INSCOM. 
DCSRM-  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Resource  Management,  INSCOM. 
DCSOPS-  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff  for  Operations,  INSCOM. 
EAC-  Echelons  Above  Corps. 
ECB-  Echelons  Corps  and  Below. 
EEI-  Essential  Elements  of  Information. 
ETAC-  Environmental  Technical  Applications  Center. 
ETL-  Engineer  Topographic  Laboratories. 
HQ-  Headquarters. 
HQDA-  Headquarters  Department  of  the  Army. 
IAW-  In  accordance  with. 
INSCOM-  US  Army  Intelligence  and  Security  Command. 
ICR-  Intelligence  Collection  Requirement. 
IPR-  Intelligence  Production  Requirement. 
ITAC-  Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis  Center. 
MAC-  Military  Airlift  Command. 
MACOM-  US  Army  Major  Command. 
MP A-  Meteorological  Plan  for  Action. 
SWO-  Staff  Weather  Officer. 
GLOSSARY  1
DSAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12  1  March  1983 
TRADOO  US  Army  Training  and  Doctrine  Command. 
USAF-  United  States  Air  Force. 
WINTAP-  Weather  Intelligence  and  Threat  Analysis  Program. 
GLOSSARY  2
1  March  1983  USAINSCOM  Regulation  381-12 
The  proponent  of  this  regulation  is  the  Office  of  the  Deputy  Chief  of  Staff 
for  Operations.  Users  are  invited  to  send  comments  and  suggestions  for 
improvements  on  DA  Form  2028  (Recommended  Changes  to  Publications  and  Blank. 
Forms)  to  this  Headquarters,  ATTN:  IA0PS-PMD. 
FOR  THE  COMMANDER: 
OFFICIAL:  CHARLES  C.  PARTRIDGE 
Colonel,  GS 
Chief  of  Staff 
inistrative  Officer 
Distribution: 
ABC