es NATIONAL SECURN “Y COUNC if INTELUG: INCE DIRECTIVE NO, 5° U.S. ESP lONAGE AND COUNTERINTELLIGEMCE . ACTIVITIES ABROAD . (Revised 15 September 1958) Pursuant to the provisions of Section 102(d) of the Netlonal Security Act of 1947, as emended, the National Security Council hereby authorizes and stucote that: vectiva: ' wae 1, For the purnase of this di: a, Espiounze js defined as that intelligence activity which is directed a foward the ocquinition of fnierination through clandestine opsrations. b. Countcrintoigence is defined as that intelligence activity, with its resultant proauct, which is devoted to aesiraying the cfieeiiveness ci Indoical forcitn inteigencs activities and which fs undertaken to av! ye fA nese proteet the ssenri HY of the nation, and ifs personnel, iutormation amd installations fbicad, aeains€ cspionace, sabotaze, and subversion. ‘ ring, ceva: Onin, re- Counfcrinteliizcnea inciudes the process of procu corcing, ana dicscminatine informistion coucernine hes clandestii i Urner so ’ 7 - : ra activity and of nenctrating , manipulating, or repressing indfyidugls, Hiss groups, or evzanizations Condy icing or capable of conducting suct activity. 2. To ¢ ensure cc ian flsrou ay pricr, comprehencive ang cont ae eCoarning side 1 ondesting fativiies guthorized herein, a. “iste bNst H with the U.S. Intellizence Board, the . procedures nocessery to echiove such @iection an Ws cua, cination, b. Coordiete all clendcsting activities ruthorized hercin and con- ducted outside the U.S. and its possessions, including 1 Risen which concerns clundestine activitics or which involves forcien clandestine services, except when the provisions of paragraph & apy ly; 2iso courdi- nate clandcsiine activ ities with overt collection abroad c. Invite departments and agencies nat permanent | Members of the USS. Inteligerce Coerd which have clanticsttee counterimtellivence ee responsibil ca nhread to perticipate in the U.S. Intelligence Loard dcliberations when clandestine counteriniehigence matters alieeting such responstailss ies are under consideration. d. Make mutusily acrceable arrangements with other departments and agencies for such cover suppert as may be Becded by the Central Intelligence Agency and cocrafimue the arrannements for cover support required by any other department cr agency ty carry out the clundes- 'Thls Directive supersedes NSCID No. 5, dated 21 April 153. TSC OS0574
tine activilles auth crived in parngraph 4 helew, except when such cover fs to be provided unilaterally sod without utilizing the facilities of, or be comitig identitted vath, ofher departinents or agencics of the government or non-governmentai organizations. 3. ‘he Central Intellicence. Agency has primary responsibility far U.S. clandesting eetivilles abroad, Subject ta the provisions of paragraph 8, if is responsibic for tne folowing serviecs of commion concern: - a. The conduct of cspionoge outside the United States and its pos- sessions in order to intel Ue inteliseiee needs of all departments and agencies 3 concerned, in connection with the national security. _ bo. Thacenduct of clondestine countecrintelligence outside the United aa tes and Sis possessions. ; . Tne conduct of lintson with farcien elandcsting services ar con- cornnine the ehove Ciamecstine cetivitics with fercimn intelligence or security corvices, d. Tie rmaintensnee for the benefit of the Intoligence coramuntty of central indexes and records of forcign counteriutchicence hi:formsa- tion, Al! departments anda eencies gnall contrigute to this index, on a continiung basis, such matorici ecilected by them as is appropriate ‘for 2 central fle; this material shall be collnied and analyueda for ‘ eppropriate dissomantioa, é. Upon recuesé cia fo the stent practicaule, assistins afer de- partinenis end agencies in connection with thelr cover suppore ueceds. 4. Sub o the provisions of paragraph 2 above, other denartrents iect h t * and agencies v with corarnancs or installations located outside the U.S, and {ts possacs sions may: . @, Conduel suppicraentary espionage in erdar to satisfy cdennrs- sews aber meneaL} vateltinenes Hovis. b, Cons duet ciondestine counftsuitelligence cliiviics necessary for the segurity of be ip prarsomiiel, cominands, activedios end in ciatiations. Cc, Conduct } eiaga with foveien clandestine services or concerning . the ebove clan Gecti ne activilies with forcign intelligence or socurlty services. 5. The departments and agencics concerned shall assist the Central Intellizence Agency in 1 its conduct of espionage by providing puicanee in eveciion requirainents and, the ferm of coniinucus, (imnciy and cnecine eclecti as Fone atest Dof the inforiniacion esuectcd. Such dcepartingats and agencies shall provide clmailar support fo cach otuer as requirca, G. In a fortien area, exeep ot where paragraph 6 anples, the Director of Central lnteigenced sha Mt, & arter consultation ma the Coerct(ary of Stale, his designated representa- ensure {bat the senior U.S. represeutstive, 0 live, ils appropriately advise cdi of U.S. centonnite and clandestine counter. inlelligen Ice activities conducted in or from the areca. 7. Tuna foreien area where major U.S. military conumanas cre stationed the desiznated represontitive of the Director of Censeal Intelligence | boll - Pee eee .. 2. LEC S oftars
2 ee ee oe : : + . tives, appropriately informed of the espionage and clandestine counter- intelligence activilics and cperations, conducted by the Central Intelli- gence Agency in or from such areas, including Haison between CLA end forelgn mifitary estaQlishinents, ‘8. In active theaters of war where U.S. forces are engaged, or when {he - President so directs: ; a. except es provided in sub-paragraph Db below, the entire Cenirs Intelligence Agency organization conducting espionage and clandes- _ tine counterintellicence operations jn or from a theater shall as & com- ponent force be under the direct command of the U.S. Theater Coin- mander in accordance with agreements separately reached between the Dircetoz of Central Intelligence and the Joint Chiefs of Stail, ana Shall provide cspionege and counterinteligence support to military operations, . b. Espionage and counterintehig ENCE aperations Which, bec2use of some exceptional political, diplamatic or other implication, are con- ducted independently by the Central Tntelligence Agency, shall be coordinated by the Director of Central Intelligenc with the Joint Chiefs of Stam and, as an epropriat ¢, With the Secretary of State. c. The Joint Chiefs cf Statf and the Director of Central Intcilizence shall esfablish general precedures for the coordination of Maison on clandestine ues be a voen U.S. military commanders and forcign 2 aC services (hat chgage in such activitics. 9. In addition fo the above, the Director of Centlrel Intelligence, in consultaticn with the U.S. Intelligence Beard and other interested de- partments and ugencies shah: a. Deveiap apvropriate policy recommendations for Naticnal Seau- rity Council consideratior with reapcet te the over-all U.S. counter- intelivernce efart conducted culsica (ae U.S. and its noscession:. b. To the extent necessary to cnsure conformity with pelicics an- proved iy the National Security Council, provide for the coorcination of all types of U.S. counterinicligenca activitics conductea abroad and for the coardinafion of such activities with those conducted by tha departments and agencies responsible for domestic counterinteliigence.
(Page Ten) NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVE NO. 51 U.S. ESPIONAGE AND COUNTERINTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES ABROAD (Revised 15 September 1958) Pursuant to the provisions of Section 102 (d) of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, the National Security Council hereby authorizes and directs that: 1. For the purpose of this directive: a. Espionage is defined as that intelligence activity which is directed toward the acquisition of information through clandestine operations. b. Counterintelligence is defined as that intelligence activity, with its resultant product, which is devoted to destroying the effectiveness -f inimical foreign intelligence activities and which is undertaken ts protect the security of the nation, and its personnel, information and installations abroad, against espionage, sabotage, and subversion. counterintelligence includes the process of procuring, developing re- cording and disseminating information concerning hostile clandestine activity and of penetrating, manipulating, or pressing individuals, groups, or organizations conducting or capable of conducting such activity. 2. To ensure centralized direction through prior, comprehensive and continuing coordination of all clandestine activities authorized herein, the Director of Central Intelligence shall: a. Establish, inconsultation with the U.S. Intelligence Board, the procedures necessary to achieve such direction and coordination. b. Coordinate all clandestine activities authorized herein and con- ducted outside the U.S. and its possessions, including liaison which concerns clandestine activities or which involves foreign clandestine services, except when the provisions of paragraph 8 apply; also coordi- nate clandestine activities with overt collection abroad. c. Invite departments and agencies not permanent members of the U.S. Intelligence Board which have clandestine counterintelligence responsiblities abroad to particpate in the U.S. Intelligence Board deliberations when clandestine counterintelligence matters affecting such reponsiblities are under consideration. d. Make mutually agreeable arrangements with other departments and agencies for such cover support as may be needed by the Central Intelligence Agency and coordinate the arrangements for cover support required by any other department or agency to carry out the clandes- 1 This Directive supersedes NSCID No.5, dated 21 April 1958. TSC 030574
(Page Eleven) tine activities authorized in paragraph 4 below, except when such cover is to be provided unilaterally and without utilizing the facilities of, or becoming identified with, other departments or agencies of the government or non-governmental organizations. 3. The Central Intelligence Agency has primary responsiblity for U.S. clandestine activites abroad. Suject to the provision of paragraph 8, it is responsible for the following services of common concern: a. The conduct of espionage outside the United States and its pos- sessions in order to meet the intelligence needs of all departments and agencies concerned, in connection with the national security. b. The conduct of clandestine counterintelligence outside the United States and its possessions. c. The conduct of liaison with foreign clandestine services or con- cerning the above clandestine activities with foreign intelligence or security services. d. The maintenance for the benefit of the intelligence community of central indexes and records of foreign counterintelligence informa- tion. All departments and agencies shall contribute to this index, on a continuing basis, such material collected by them as is appropriate for a central file; this material shall be collated and analyzed for appropriate dissemination. e. Upon request and to the extent practicable, assisting other de- partments and agencies in connection with their cover support needs. 4. Subject to the provisons of paragraph 2 above, other departments and agencies with commands or installations located outide the U.S. and its possessions may: a. Conduct supplementary espionage in order to satisfy depart- mental intelligence needs. b. Conduct clandestine counterintelligence activities necessary for the security of their personnel, commands, activities and installations. c. Conduct liaison with foreign clandestine services or concerning the above clandestine activities with foreign intelligence or security services. 5. The departments and agencies concerned shall assist the Central Intelligence Agency in its conduct of espionage by providing guidance in the form of c.atinuous, timely and specific collection requirements and as required, assessments of the information collected. Such departments and agencies shall provide similar support to each other as required. 6. In a foreign area, except where paragraph 8 applies, the Director of Central Intelligence shall, after consultation with the Secretary of State, ensure that the senior U.S. representative, or his designated representa- tive, is appropriately advised of U.S. espionage and clandestine counter- intelligence activities conducted in or from the area. 7. In a foreign area where major U.S. military commands are stationed the designated representative of the Director of Central Intelligence shall keep the senior U.S. military commanders, or their designated representa- TSC 020574
(Page Twelve) tives, appropriately informed of the espionage and clandestine counter- intelligence acitivities and operations, conducted by the Central Intelli- gence Agency in or from such areas, including liaison between CIA and foreign military establishments. 8. In active theaters of war where U.S. forces are engaged, or when the President so directs: a. Except as provided in sub-paragraph b below, the entire Central Intelligence Agency organization conducting espionage and clandes-~ tine counterintelligence operations in or from a theater shall as a com- ponent force be under the direct command of the U.S. Theater Com- mander in accordance with agreements separately reached between the Director of Central Intelligence and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and shall provide espionage and counterintelligence support to military operations. b. Espionage and counterintelligence opeiations which, because of some exceptional political, diplomatic or other implication, are con- ducted independently by the Central Intelligence Agency, shall be coordinated by the Director of Central Intelligence with the Joint Chiefs of Staff and, as appropriate, with the Secretary of State. c. The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Director of Central Intelligence shall establish general procedures for the coordination of liaison on clandestine activities between U.S. military commander and foreign services that engage in such activities. 9. In addition to the above, the Director of Central Intelligence, in consultation with the U.S. Intelligence Board and other interested de- partments and agencies shall: a. Develop appropriate policy recommendations for National Secu- rity Council consideration with respect to the over-all U.S. counter- intelligence effort conducted outside the U.S. and its possessions. b. To the extent necessary to ensure conformity with policies ap- proved by the National Security Council, provide for the coordination of all types of U.S. counterintelligence activities conducted abraod and for the coordination of such activities with those conducted by the departments and agencies responsible for domestic counterintelligence.