Ci ded ~ ee OF RELATE aw eee: wor SA a steer ALE 2 Oe ip re ne a ~ .. wate Dhan oe ~=*. “+ “ - ae . * ‘ aa we weve wot. ; UT a 4 : me tes rn ee . ' ee cat rat tee Aye _¢ - - ae 3 7 Digital Topographic Datas | | DEFENSE “ MAPPING SCHOOL FORT BELVOIR, VIRGINIA t t 4 DMSNO.ST481 0 —t—t APR 1982
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 MC&G Terms 2 DMA List of Approved Products 8 and Services - FY 1982 (Extract) DMA Product Specifications for DMA 14 Standard for Digital Terrain Elevation Data - Ist Edition, 10/77 (Extract) DMA Product Specifications for Digital 17 Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base - Ist Edition, 7/77 (Extract)
MC&G TERMS FOR DIGITAL DATA Introduction 1. This list provides definitions of selected terms currently used by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) in correspondence, specifications, and other forms of communication referring to digital mapping. The list includes not only terms specifically pertaining to digital data, but aiso related MC&G terms such as circular error, circular error probable, conversion, horizontal accuracy, and linear error. 2. The list has been prepared specifically to remedy apparent gaps in communication or misunderstandings that have arisen in connection with digital data terminology. The increase in recent years of requirements for MC&G information in digital form has resulted in a proliferation of new terms. Many of these terms have synonymous or overlapping meanings. Because digital mapping technology continues to evolve, new terms fre- quently supplant those formerly used (e.g., Digital Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base has replaced Digital Radar Landmass Simulator (DRLMS) Data Base}. It is anticipated that this evolution will continue and that additional terms will be needed to describe new procedures, types of data, and data bases. However, it is the intent of DMA to standardize terminology as much as possible. 3. Alphabetization of terms in this list follows the standard A through Z order except that multiword terms are alphabetized according to the tnitial word. 4. Multiple definitions for a single term are included, as necessary, to describe both the classical meaning of the term and the specific use of the term in referring to digital mapping. The designation (ISO) indicates terms and definitions used in information processing activities that have been approved by the International Organization for Standardization. 5. When two or more terms have identical meaning, the definition has been _applied only to the preferred term, followed by the expression "Also called" and a list of the synonyms. At the end of some definitions the user's attention is directed to related terms by the expression "See also." Reference is also made to published DMA product specifications for the preparation of digital data and digital data bases.
MC&G Terms areal feature - 1. A topographic feature, such as sand, swamp, vegetation,etc. which extends over an area. It is represented on the published map or chart by a solid or screened color, by a prepared pattern of symbols, or by a delimiting line. 2. (digital mapping) Any area enclosed by a delimiting line that has any unique characteristic (e.g., forest, residential area, industrial area). array - An arrangement of elements in one or more dimensions. border matching - The process by which individual digital data sets are joined together through merging/smoothing utilizing computer applic a- tions software. boundary discontinuities - Different elevation values for common DMA standard digital terrain elevation data (DTED) matrix points in adjacent data files. boundary point averaging - Averaging the elevations of common points from two different data sets and reassigning each the average value; or resolving a discrepancy between two elevations for a common point by assigning tne average elevation value to that point. boundary point weighted averaging - Resolving a discrepancy between a series of overlapping elevations from two data sets by biasing one data set utilizing either the accuracy of a data set or the relative distance to the edge of the data set. circular error - 1. An accuracy figure representing the stated percentage of probability that any point expressed as a function of two linear com- ponents (e.g., horizontal position) will be within plus or minus the given figure. Commonly used are CEP (50%), CE lo (39.35%), and CE (90%). 2. A two-dimensional error (XxX, Y, Easting/Northing, or 4/¢) used to express the horizontal positional accuracy of planimetric features ina digital data base or on a chart/map. The probability of error is ina circular distribution and is a function of the radius of a circle centered on the mean of the error distribution. Circular error, there- fore, is expressed as a quantity at some percentage probability level, €.g., 110 meters @ CE 90% indicates a probability that 90° of the errors fall within a 110 meter circle. 90% is the probability level commonly used in mapping and digital cartography. circular error probable (CEP) - The 50% circular error interval based on the bivariate normal distribution function. compacted data - Digital data that have been reduced in volume. (1) by use Of high density storage media, (2) by use of better format or codes to provide storage of numbers, and (3) by direct mathematical operations to reduce redundancy.
conversion - 1. The changing of one system of measurement to another, @.g., data ‘data data data data converting meters to feet. Conversion is usually accomplished by the use Of conversion factors, scales, and tables. (2). (digital mapping) The process of changing the form in which digital data are expressed. This may include transformation to a new coordinate system, increasing or decreasing density of elevation posts or altering the areal distri- bution of elevation points. Specific example is converting elevation array from UTM spacings to geographic spacing. See also transformation program. bank - 1. (ISO) A set of libraries of data. 2. A comprehensive collec- tion of libraries of data. For example, one line of a management informa- tion report may form an item, a complete report may form a record, a com~ plete set of such records may forma file, the collection of different reports may form a library, and the libraries used by an organization are known as its data bank. 3. The sum total of all related data bases together with a centralized information storage and retrieval system which can be inventoried and accessed. See also data bank hierarchy, data base. bank hierarchy - A formalized structure which provides for the organiza- tion of data at various quantitative levels; e.g., data bank data base file record field (element) character bit base - 1. (180) A set of data, part or the whole of another set of data, and consisting of at least one file that is sufficient for a given purpose or for a given data processing system. 2. A collection of data fundamental to a system. 3. (digital mapping) An organized set of evaluated MC&G data stored in either graphic, textual, or digital form. A data base may contain one file of data (e.g., terrain elevation data) or several data files (e.g., cartographic, geodetic). There are three kinds of data hases: (1) those that contain information about information; (2) those that contain information about data; and (3) those that contain the actual data. base system - A collection of men, machines, and methods organized to accomplish all of the functions of a data base. smoothing - A process which reduces the frequency .content of digital data. The information eliminated may be real or artificially introduced from collection processes. The intent is to eliminate and replace incon- Sistent digital data to provide a more understandable portrayal ef the earth's surface.
data spacing ~ The distance between centers of digital data elements in any digital data matrix or evenly spaced array along a given direction. Since the spacing between elements in one direction can be different from that between elements in the other, a complete matrix definition usually requires an expression of both data spacings. Also known as; sample spacing, grid spacing, grid interval, sampling interval, matrix interval. DIGISMAC - digital scene matching area correlation - guidance technique of matching a digital reference scene to that obtained by sensors. digital cultural data - 1, Man-made, natural and landscape features ina digital form. 2. Data in discrete digital (numerical) form including all man-made features on the earth's surface; e.g., lines of Communica- tion, built-up areas (cities), airfields, power transmission lines, land- mark structures. digital data - (180) Data represented by digits, perhaps with special char- acters and the space character. . digital data base (off-line) - A digital data base maintained in a common format that supports different user systems (e.9., simulator or weapon systems). Normally the data must be transformed before it can be used by a specific user system. This term is commonly expressed as the off- line data base. digital data base (on-line) - A digital data base in the format needed by a user system (e.g., simulator or weapon system) and which can be directly loaded into the user system. This term is commonly referred to as the on-line data base. digital feature analysis data (DFAD) - Data in discrete digital form concern- ing radar significant features. Digital Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base - An off-line data base consisting of two basic types of digital data files (one containing terrain eleva- tion data and one containing cultural and natural feature data) main- tained by DMA to support various user systems (e.g., simulators and weapon systems). See DMA Product Specifications for Digital Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base, First Edition, July 1977. digital map - 1. A map expressed and stored in digital form. 2. A repre- sentation in digital (numerical) form of discrete points on the earth's surface. Also called a numerical map. Digital Radar Landmass Simulator (DRLMS) Data Base - An archaic term. The proper term is Digital Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base. digital synthesized data - Data derived by the analysis of two or more differ- ent types of data such as digital terrain elevation data, digital natural feature data, and digital cultural data. An example is the derivation 4
of data which assesses the effects of soil types, vegetation, slope, drainage, and microrelief on cross-country movement of military vehicles. digital synthetic data - Data in numerical format that describes either tot- ally or partially fictitious information generated from lower resolution/ frequency input. Often referred to as synthetic data. digital terrain analysis data (DTAD) - Data in discrete digital (numerical) form including vegetation, surface configuration, soils, inland hydro- graphy, lines of communication, .*oss-country movement, probability of detection from the air, probability of detection from the ground (fields of fire), etc. See also digital synthesized data. digital terrain data - A short form used to refer to digital terrain elevation data (DTED). digital terrain elevation data (DTED) - Elevation posts in a digital form. See Defense Mapping Agency Product Specifications for DMA Standard for Digital Terrain Elevation Data, First Edition, October 1977. digital terrain elevation matrix - Elevation posts, non-specific with respect to editing and smoothing, and evenly distributed in a rectangular pattern. digital terrain model - A statistical representation of the continuous surface of the ground by a large number of selected points with known X, Y, Z coordinates in an arbitrary coordinate field. elevation post - A point with a known horizontal and vertical position with respect to some defined reference system. feature analysis - The process of locating, examining, and classifying the physical characteristics of cultural features on the earth's surface. feature analysis code (FAC) number - A unique number (usually sequential) assigned to each area or feature portrayed on the feature manuscript and used to relate feature analysis data table (FADT) information to the digital information which portrays the shape of the feature. feature analysis data table (FANT) - A table containing the feature analysis code numbers and the numeric codes which represent the physical charac- teristics of features selected for portrayal in the Digital Land Mass System (DLMS) Data Base. feature identification data (FID) - Information pertaining to the classifica- tion of a feature as to kind, function and description (e.g., heavy fabrication industry with saw-tooth roof; truss bridge; powerline pylon, type H). Each classification has a unique three-digit feature identi fi- cation code.
feature type - A classification of features into categories of point, linear (line), or areal features. horizontal accuracy - A statement of the relative and/or absolute positional accuracy of a point computed in the plane formed by either the ¢ and A geographic components or the x and y grid components. Usually expressed in circular error (n%). hydrographic digital data - Data in discrete numerical form derived from the measurements and description of the physical features of the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and other waters, and their adjoining coastal areas (with particular reference to navigational usage). linear error - 1. A one-dimensional error (such as an error in elevation) defined by the normal distribution function. 2. Linear error is the difference between the true or known value and the measured or derived value, and is normally expressed in terms of a percentage probability level. For example, LT 90% is the term used to express the linear error at 90% probability, which is the Map Accuracy Standard. linear feature - A feature that is portrayed by a line that does not represent an area. Also called line feature. merge - 1. (ISO) To combine the items of two or more sets that are each in the same given order into one set in that order. 2. To combine two or more digital data files into one unit so that the individual data items are not distinguishable by the separating property. pixel - Abbreviation for "picture element," the smallest element of single uniform transmission density of a photographic image. planar - Digital data aligned to the UTM grid coordinate system. The data is digitized and stored by non-rectangular map sheet lines. This format - is being replaced by the DMA standard format for digital terrain eleva- tion data (NTED). See digital terrain elevation data (DTED). point feature - An object whose location can be described by a single set of coordinates. point to point accuracy - See relative accuracy. post points - Common elevation posts between two different digital terrain files. product data base - A data base organized tc meet the specifications of a specific product. relative accuracy - A numeric va?ue representing the random errors in the distance between two points in a data base relative to each other. Any Systematic errors present are not considered in the evaluation. Also called point to point accuracy.
TERCOM ~ An acronym for "Terrain Contour Matching." terrain modeling - The mathematical modeling of the physical shape of a por- tion of the earth's surface (terrain) by fitting functions to the ele- vation data. transformation program - 1. A computer program used to change digital data from one format to another (e.g., from planar to PMA standard). 2. Computer software which produces an on-line data base from an off-line data base. verify - 1. To determine whether a transcription of data or other operation has been accomplished accurately. 2. To confirm the accuracy, portrayal, and completeness of digital data with respect to established standards or specifications. vertical accuracy - A statement of the relative and/or absolute positional accuracy of a point computed along the line through that point normal to the geoid: i.e., the height or elevation components. Usually expressed in linear error (n%). World Geodetic System (WGS) - A consistent set of parameters describing the size and shape of the Earth, the positions of a network of points with respect to the center of mass of the Earth, transformations from major geodetic datums, and the potential of the Earth (usually in terms of harmonic coefficients).
OEFENSE MAPPING AGENCY BUILDING $6. US NAVAL OBSERVATORY WASHINGTON DC 20305 OCT 14 1981 SUBJECT: OMA List of Approved Products and Services - FY 1982 TO: See Distribution List 1. Enclosed is a List of Approved Products and Services available at A for FY 1922. This consolidated list is a basic reference for determinina the various types of standard maps, charts, and related products and services that have been produced by DMA to support the Military Departnents, WS Commands, and the intellinence community. Comolete area coverage and instructions for orderina these products. and those of other producers from DMA are contained in applicable DMA Catalogs. DMA may also distribute additional nonstandard pro- ducts not included in this list to meet new or special recuirements identified by a user. AS a new or special requirement is requested, DMA will deteraine if a nonstandard item is available for distribution. 2. The items in this list are shown as individual products or, in some cases, Catecories of products. As an exanple, the JQG-G is a sinale item; conversely, "Weather Plotting Charts" is a catenory and includes 109 indivi- dual items. 3. HO DHA point of contact for the List of Approved Products and Services is Mr. Navid 5. Frediund, PRR, Autovon 294-6515/4478. FOR THE DIRECTOR: *. 2 ‘° ntl Enclosure a/s Le. S. SEVERANCE, JR. Rear Admiral, USH Denuty Director for Plans and Requirenents Distribution List: JCS NIA (ATTH: 2DS-3C) 3 CSA (ATTH: DAMI-ISP) CSAF (ATTN: AFIS/INT3) 1 USAC (THT) Cin (QP-952) COMNAYOCE ACOM TAVOTE AiO CHISAG CINCHAC ACOA (ATT: ATCA-CfC-2) NDT BR NM Ut ry OD PO (Extracted) 8
DNIS NO. 1BA LBA 1CG 1CJ PRODUCT Weather Piotting Charts Weather Plotting Charts Catalog (WPCC) Weather Plotting Charts (WPC) Dipital Aerospace Products Digital Terrain Elevation Data - Level Lt (DTED 1) Digital Feature Analysis Data - Level I (DFAD 1) Digital Terrain Elevation Data - Level II (DTED I1) Digital Feature Analysis Data - Levei II (DFAD f1) Airborne Warning and Control System Data (AWACS) ¢) @ DESCRIPTION/ PURPOSE Provides a detailed listing and graphics of available items used to plot and forecast worldwide weather conditions including requisitioning procedures. These products are a variety of weather charts, scales, and diagrams used by DoD. Provides wide area, medium scale coverage of terrain elevation data in DMA standard digital format. Provides wide area, medium scale coverage of planimetric features in DMA standard digital format. Provides small area, large scale coverage of terrain elevation data in DMA standard digttal format. Provides small area, large scale coverage of planimetric features in DMA standard digital format. Data tapes that provide landmass blanking input to RADAR sensors aboard AWACS aircraft operating in the maritime surveillance mode. The tapes consist of Digital Landmass Blanking (DLMB) data of ‘ shorelines in DMA standard format for | cells, including shorelines for islands.
DAES NO, LEE IGA LGB LGB 1GB 1GB LGE 1GK EN PRODUCT Special Weapons Overflight Guide (SWUG) Aeronautical Publications and Services Airfields and Seaplane Stations of the World (ASSOTW) DMA Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products, Part I ~ Aerospace Products. Volume I - Aeronautical Charts, Flight Information Publications, and Related Products. Volume IL - Weather Plotting Charts. (ACFPC) DMA Special Supplement to Catalog of Aeronautical Charts, Bulletin/Digest, and CHUM Chart Updating Manual (CHUM) Catalog of Digital Data Products Automated Air Factlities Information File CAAFLF) DMA Vertical Obstruction File (D-VUF) Maseke DESCRIPTION/PURPOSE . This is a classtfted TOP SECRET document produced as a companion product to the Foreign Clearance Guide. Provides graphic and textual information on operational status and physical characteristics of alrfields on a worldwide basis. By-product of evaluated data contained tn the AAFIF (LGE). Provides a detailed listing of available unclassified aeronantical charts, flight information publications and requisitioning procedures. Provides an index and is the Bulletin/Digest and Chart Up- dating Manual for CONFIDENTIAL aeronautical charts. Provides chart corrective information that ts potenttally hazardous to Flight. Portrays the areas of coverage of the various levels of digital data retained by DMA in the Cartographic Data Base. Provides operational status and physical characteristics of free world airfields and related aeronautical support Facilities to support productton of DoD MC&G products and to asstst DoD operational and contingency planners. Supports aeronautical charting and special requests by DoD users for vertical obstruction data. 10
@ @ - . DMIS NO. PRODUCT DESCRIPTLON/PURPOSF. 2EH Azimuths of Celestial Bodies - Provides a w¢ethod of determining gyro and magnetic compass error Pub 261 from celestial hodies with declinations from 24 degrees to 70 degrees. 2EH Technical Publications (TRPUB) Provides manual of technical information on collection of corrected cartographic data, application of data to chart construction, and similar publications for limited distribution. 2EH American Practical Navigator Volume I - A compendium of navigational material that Pub 9, Volumes I and II provides comprehensive methods and practices of marine navigation for training and reference purposes. , Volume II - Tables with related text required for solution of navigation problems. 2En Maneuvering Board Manual - A quick basic reference to specific problem solutions Pub 217 for vessels engaged in naval tactical maneuvers. ; 2EH Handbook of Magnetic Compass Details techniques and theory of proper adjustment of . Adfustment - Pub 226 shipboard magnetic compasses. 4 ' 2EH Radar Navigation Manual - Provides referral to various radar navigation techniques Pub 1310 and radar information needed in performance of ship navigation. | 2EH Manual of Procedures for General Gives basic procedures for utilization of various , ; Bathymetric Navigation (SP-42A) bathymetric products by the Navy navigator. Digital Hydrographic Data and | Products | 2GC Digital Nata for Radar Provides terrain, cultural, and hydrographic data in | Navigation Simulation digital form to support training devices. il
DMIS NO. 4BB 4BC 4DA 4nc PRODUCT. Short-Range Attack Missile (SRAM) Support (RFP) (service only; no specifications) Tactical Target Data (service only; no specifications) SAC Mission Planning Support JCS-ONC Low-Level Planning Charts (JCS/0) 1:1,900, 000 JCS-JNC (JCS/J) 1:2,000,000 SAC Special Domestic JNC 1:2,000,000 (printing service only) Aerospace/Land Combat Point Positioning Data Bases Deployable Point Positioning Data Base (PPDR) DoD Catalog of Point Positioning Data Bases DESCRIPTION /PURPOSE 7, Geodetic coordinates and elevation data of radar significant checkpoint fixes derived and provided to SAC. These Radar Fix Points (RFP) are used in the alignment of the inertial navigation system in the airborne delivery of the SRAM. Precise data derived from point positioning data bases or other sources on a rapid response basis to support tactical operations using tactical aircraft equipped with advanced airborne radar or LORAN navigation systems. ONC base charts with special SAC SIOP Low-Level Intelligence, Mini-Bloc and Planning Overprints. JNC Base charts with a special SAC intelligence overprint. These charts are produced with a special SAC RFP overprirt used for domestic training by SAC manned bomber forcese Sets of geodetically controiled photographs and accompanying data that enable trained personnel using appropriate hardware and software to derive accurate coordinates for any feature. Primarily used for tactical point positioning in the field. Provides a detailed listing regarding area of coverage and the accuracy of deployable point positioning data bases prepared by DMA. 12
DMIS NO. SFA 4F 46D 4GE 4GF 466 PRODUCT Special Support IROL Positional Data (service only; no specifications) Geodetic and Geophysical Support to Weapon Systems Geodetic Surveys, Studies and Other Services Digital Data Support for Missile Guidance Vertical Obstruction Data (VOD) TERCOM Maps DESCRIPTION /PURPOSE Coordinates related to the World Geodetic System (WGS) of high resolution objectives contained in the Imagery Reconnaissance Objective List (IROL). This positional data supports the Imagery Reconnaissance Objective Program (IROP). Performs geodetic surveys and studies to support DoD and DoD contractor activittes. Vertical obstruction data required to support the cruise missile mission planning system (ALCM, GLCM, SLCM). Rectangular arrays of digital terrain elevation data at pre- determined intervals, sizes, and orientations validated to support navigation through Terrain Contour Matching (TERCOM). 13
PS/1C/100 PS/3E/600 DEFENSE MAPPING AGENCY PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS FOR DMA STANDARD FOR DIGITAL TERRAIN ELEVATION DATA FIRST EDITION OCTOBER 1977 (Extracted) le STOCK NO SPEOXDFED
PS/1€/190 SEC 100 PS/3E/600 OCT 1977 SECTION 100 - INTRODUCTION 101. General A. Data Derivation. These specifications deal primarily with the derivation of terrain elevation data from various cartographic and photo- graphic sources. Terrain data is derived utilizing various techniques and, other than to define the contents of the terrain file, is not addressed in this section. B. Terrain Data Interval. Elevation information in DMA standard digital format can be in any interval, however, it must conform to the constraints in Section 200, paragraph 202.B8.4.C. 102. Datums A. Vertical: Terrain. The vertical datum for terrain elevation data is Mean Sea Level. B. Horizontal: Terrain. The horizontal datum for terrain elevation data is the Worid Geodetic System (WGS). 103. Accuracy Requirements - Terrain Files The horizontal and vertical accuracy requirements for the terrain files are as follows (note: LE = Linear Error; CE = Circular Error): Absolute Relative Vertical LE 90% MSL LE 90% (Point to Point) + meters (+ feet) + meters (+ _ feet) Horizontal CE 90% WGS ___meters (__ feet) 15
t RECORD SEQUENCE © CON O OT & GW PD wt RECORD TYPE VOL 1 HDR 1 UHL 1 * Data } Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 Data 5 Data 6 EOF 1 UTL 1 * HDR 1] UHL 1 * Data 6 Data 7 Data 8 Data 9 Data 10 Data 11 EOF 1 UTL 1 * HDR 1 UHL 1] * Data 12 Data 13 Data 14 Data 15 Data 16 Data 17 * EOF 1 UTL 1 * HDR 1 UHL 1 * Data 17 Data 18 Data 19 Data 20 Data 21 Data 22 * EOF 1 UTL 1 * * 30°N,40°W 30°N,39°W 31°N,40°W 31°N,39°W 32°N 31°N 30°N —_— 31°N PS/1C/100 PS/3E/600 DMA STANDARD TERRAIN EXAMPLE FOUR 1° SQUARES 12' LONGITUDE SPACING 16 = = ° ps] oS ov or ~ MOO Sino m (coal eel cone coll anal amned on nO OS PPP PE HY cmH HO AAAaAAAaa rttiti mom ALO Sin wo CoO D TH TU PPP cD ODD ooaoooan = = ° ° oO oO xr *” 39°W 39°W ——Data 17—> ——Data 18——> ——Data 19——~ —-Data 20-——~ ——Data 2]1—— ——Data 22-——> ——Data 6-—— — Data 7-—> — Data 8-—> — Data 9-—> — Data 10-3 —— Data 11-3 38°W 38°W
PS/ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 DEFENSE MAPPING AGENCY PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS f : Or DIGITAL LANDMASS SYSTEM (DLMS) | DATA BASE FIRST EDITION JULY 1977 (Extracted) 17 STOCK NO. SPECXDLMS
PS/ICD/100 CHAP 1, SEC 100 PS/ICE/100 JULY 1977 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 CHAPTER 1 -- INTRODUCTION SECTION 100 -- GENERAL Paragraph . Page 101 Data Derivation 1 102 Data Density Levels 1 101. Data Derivation These specifications deal primarily with the derivation of cultural data from various planimetric, photographic, and intelligence sources. This data is utilized to produce a culture manuscript which, along with appropriate descriptive information, is converted to digital form for inclusion in the final culture file. Terrain data is derived utilizing various techniques, and, other than to define the contents of the terrain file, is not addressed in this section. 302. Data Density Levels A. The content of both files of the Digital Landmass System (DLMS) Data Base is collected at two different levels which are defined and identified as follows: . 1. Level 1 a. Terrain: Relief information to DMA standard digital format on a three seconds of latitude are (approximately 100 meters (300 feet)) matrix. (Refer to Table 1-100-1.) b. Culture: A generalized description and portrayal, in DMA standard digital format, of planimetric features. The Level 1 data base is intended to cover large expanses of the earth's surface and has relatively large minimum size requirements for portrayal of planimetric features. 2.- Level 2 a. Terrain: Relief information in DMA standard digital format on a one second of latitude arc (approximately 30 meters (106 feet)) matrix. (Refer to Table 1-100-1.) 18
CHAP 1, SEC 100 PS/ICE/100 JULY 1977 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/1CG/100 b. Culture: A highly detailed description and portrayal, in DMA standard digital format, of planimetric features. The Level 2 data base is intended to cover small areas of interest and has small minimum size requirements for portrayal of planimetric features. B. Terrain Data Interval Elevation information will be in DMA standard digital format (refer to Chapter Four, Section 100) at various intervals depending on the zone/latitude as indicated in the following table: zone Latitude Level 1 Level 2 lat. long. lat. long. I 0°-50° N-S 3 x 3 seconds 1 x 1 second II 50°-70° N-S 3 x 6 seconds 1 x 2 seconds III 70°-75° N-S 3 x 9 seconds. 1 x 3 seconds IV 757-800 N-S 3 x 12 seconds 1 x 4 seconds Vv 80°-90° N-S 3 x 18 seconds 1 x 6 seconds NOTE: All values in seconds are in terms of arc measure. Table 1-100-1 - Terrain Data Interval 19
PS/1CD/100 CHAP 1, SEC 300, PS/ICE/100 AMDT. NO. 1 PS/ICF/100 JANUARY 1980 PS/1CG/100 CHAPTER 1 =~ INTRODUCTION SECTION 300 -—- ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS Paragraph 301 General 302 Terrain File 303 Culture File 304 Heighting Accuracy ~ a Wmwuw © 301. General The stated accuracies in this section specify an objective for the DLMS Data Base and are based on known product requirements. The terrain and culture files will be compatible. Compatibility is the horizontal positional relationship which insures that features on the culture files will coincide with the proper terrain elevation locations, e.g., rivers in river valleys, bridges crossing valleys, obstructions correctly located. NOTE: L.E. = Linear Error C.E. = Circular Error 302. Terrain Files The absolute accuracy objectives for the terrain data are: Horizontal Vertical Level l 130 meters (425 ft) +30 meters (+100 ft) C.E. 30% WGS L.E. 90% MSL Level 2* * Coordinates and elevation values of Level 2 terrain data are eyuivalent to Level 1 terrain data at the common posts. 303. Culture File A. The absolute horizontal accuracy objective for Level 1 culture data is 130 meters (425 feet), C.E. 90% WGS. Level 2 culture data will be compatible with Level 1 feature detail and has a 26 meter (85 foot) relative accuracy (point-to-point) at 90% C.E. B. Vertical accuracy for cultural data is not applicable. For obstructions over 46 meters (150 feet) see paragraph 304. 304. Heighting Accuracy The heighting accuracy requirement for vertical obstructions which are 46 meters (150 feet) or greater is +10 meters (+30 feet) (908% assurance above ground level). 20
PS/ICD/100 CHAP 2, SEC 100 PS/ICE/100 JULY 1977 PS/ICF/100 PS/TCG/100 CHAPTER -- ANALYSIS SECTION 100 -- SURFACE MATERIAL CATEGORY (SMC) Paragraph Page 101 General 7 102 Surface Material Category 1 (Metal) 8 103 Surface Material Category 2 (Part Metal). 8 104 Surface Material Categroy 3 (Stone/Brick) 9 105 Surface Material Category 4 (Composition) 9 106 Surface Material Category 5 (Earthen Works) 10 107 Surface Material Category 6 (Water) 10 7 8 108 Surface Material Category (Desert/Sand) 10 109 Surface Material Category (Rock) 11 110 Surface Material Category 9 (Asphalt/Concrete) il lll Surface Material Category 10 (Soil) 11 112 Surface Material Category 11 (Marsh) 12 113 Surface Material Category 12 (Trees) 12 114 Surface Material Category 13 (Snow/Ice) 13 101. General A. Feature analysis is designed to determine what the physical characteristics of a feature are and which features will be selected for portrayal (areal, line, or point) on the feature manuscript. The selection of features to be portrayed is based upon those factors which are outlined in the following specifications. These factors include such considera~ tions as size, predominant height and surface material makeup. This information is determined by analyzing aerial and ground photography, map source, textual materials and intelligence reports. B. All surface groups shall be divided into generally homogeneous surface material groupings, depending on the predominant exposed surface material, in accordance with the categories listed in this section. If a homogenecus surface material grouping is too small to be considered separately, it will be included@ in the surrounding grouping or in the most closely related adjoining grouping. C. Each homogeneous surface material grouping that meets the minimum requirements shall be delineated on the feature manuscript and identified by a surface material code in the data table. Refer to Chapter Three, Section 200, for additionai descriptive information requirements. 21
CHAP 2, SEC 100 PS/ICD/100 JULY 1977 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/1CG/100 D. The surface material criteria also applies to all areal, line and point features in accordance with the specification requirements (Chapter Two, Section 400). E. For examples of analysis treatment refer to Appendix Iv, Symbols. NOTE: The format of the DMLS culture file requires that the dimensions of planimetric features be recorded in 2 meter increments. In some cases these specifications state size requirements in odd meters (e.g., 3 meters (10 feet)}. It should be noted that these requirements are the minimum criteria for selection only, and are stated in odd increments to more closely approximate the corresponding foot values. Unless standardized by these specifications, the recorded dimensions for all planimetric features shall be rounded off to the nearest 2 meter or 5 foot increment. Two meters or five feet is the minimum unit of measure to be recorded for any feature. If any actual dimension of a feature selected for portrayal is less than this minimum, the dimension shall be recorded on the Feature Analysis Data Table as 2 meters or 5 feet. 102. Surface Material Category 1 (Metal) Criteria -- 75% or more of the surface material is metal, for example, tin, steel, corrugated iron, aluminum, etc. Surface material includes the roof area but excludes ground and ground level pavements. NOTE: This category includes features of all types that are predominantly constructed of metal. It may include, but is not limited to, such features "aS aluminum mobile homes, steel storage tanks, steel bridge super/sub- Structures, steel power transmission towers, etc. 103. Surface Material Category 2 (Part Metal) Criteria -- 40% to 74% of the surface material is metal, the remaining surface material being some othez material, such as wood, stone, brick, concrete, etc. Surface material includes roof area but excludes ground and ground level pavements. NOTE: This category includes (but is not limited to) such features as railroad yards and metal ore slag dumps. RO NM
€2 Surface Material Category SMC Change Height Differential Size Requirements Requirements* __Requirements ee tile | ta Min, Min | Roof Length Height} Cover | 2| 30c200) | 30100) | 3007] 68 | is¢s0) _| NOT REQUIRED | a{ 3000) | sooo) | sirsr{ ee | 6or200) | 0200) | 10130) | _30(200) | | a} 60200) | 60,200) | scasr| 6x | 60(200) | 60(200)__ | s| 300 | s0coo | sas] -—- | - | | 6| 30,100) | 30,200) a | 8 150,50) _|_150(500)_| | 9| 100(300)_|_100¢300) _| | | u | 12] 6o(200) | 10/30) | TABLE 2-100/200-2 LEVEL 2 - SURFACE/HEIGHT SPECIFICATIONS (Dimensions in Meters (Feet)} *SMC change within other surface material areas (urban areas) 1-4 Refer to pages 23 and 25 for notes. 00T/901/sd 00T/do1/Ssd 001T/d91/Sd OOT/dDI/Sd Lc6T XINL 002 58S °Z dvHO
PS/ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 NOTE: (l) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) CHAP 2, SEC 200 AMDT. NO. 1 JANUARY 1980 NOTES FOR TABLES 2-100/200-1 AND 2-100/200-2 Height differential grouping is not required within an SMC 1 area. SMC change not required for SMC 1 areas within an SMC 2 area. Height differential grouping not required within an SMC 2 area. SMC change is not required for SMC 2 areas within an SMC 1 area. All open areas within an urban area (SMC 1-4) will be described as SMC 9, SMC 10 or SMC 12 depending upon its pre- dominant content. Minimum size requirements 150m x 150m (500°x500') Level 1, 60m x 60m (200'x200') Level 2. All of the land area on the manuscript will be described as SMC 10 (soil) for the background material. Open areas within urban areas are defined as areas having 5% or less roof coverage and Surrounded by SMC 1, 2, 3 or 4 buildings. To minimize the fragmentation of rivers, those narrower sections between SMC 6 river segments (areal portrayal) that are at least 100 meters (300 ft) wide at Level 1, or at least 20 meters (66 ft) at Level 2, shall be portrayed as linear features. Length and width measurements for inland water areas shall be made at the normal water level. Tidal water area measurements shall be made at mean high water. (NOTE: See Unique Significant Features for details of mud/tidal flats.) Open areas within wooded areas will be described as SMC 10 (soil). Minimum size requirements of open areas are 300m x 300m (1000'x1000") Level 1 and 60m x 60m (200'x200') Level 2. Open areas within wooded areas are defined as areas having less than 51% trees and less than 5% buildings. SMC 1 through 4 and 6 areas may be shown within a wooded area if applicable Surface/height specifications are met. The above minimum Size requirements will also apply to-SMC 10 areas falling within SMC 8, 9, 11 and/or 13 areas. Surface material or height differential groupings (areas) smaller than 150m x 150m (560'x500') Level 1 or 30m x 30m (100°x100*) Level 2 shall be portrayed as a point or line feature. 24
Se Surface Material Category SMC Change Requirements* Height Differential Requirements 150 (500) 150 (500) Size Requirements Min, Length 901300) | any _| | 90(300) | any | . 150 (500) 150 (500) 5 (15) es | 300 (1000) 300 (1000) 10 (30) 150 (500) | any 300 (1000) | 300 (1000) | § (15) | 6s | 600(2000) | | 600 (2006) | | 10130) | 600 (2000) | 5,8 | 5 (15) | --_| -- - A _noam  secees | - | - | - | | 6 | 1501500) | 1s0(so0) |  --_| 1800(6000) | 300(1000) | - --__ || _600(2000) | 600(2000) |__--_| | 9 | 30,2000) | 300(2000)__ fa{  - | - | 300 (1000) 30 (100) | 13 | 600(2000) | 600 (2000) TABLE 2-100/200-1 LEVEL 1 - SURFACE/HEIGHT SPECIFICATIONS (Dimensions in Meters (Feet)) i *SMC change within other surface material areas (urban areas) 1-4 Refer to pages 23 and 25 for notes. 0oT/sol/sd 00T/491/sd 00T/S91/sd 00T/dd1/sd LL6T AIOL 002 3aS °Z dWHO
PS/ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 CHAP 2, SEC 200 JULY 1977 NOTES FOR TABLES 2-100/200-1 AND 2-100/200-2 (CONT'D) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) Features that are surrounded by or cross water areas are of particular importance. Refer to the Unique Feature Specifi- cations for minimum size requirements of such features as causeways, islands and bridges. Bodies of water will not be grouped together to meet the areal specification requirements for SMC 6 areas. The minimum width of 2 meters or 5 feet will be recorded on the FADT even if the actual width is less than 2 meters or 5 feet. Two meters or five feet is the minimum unit of measure to be recorded for any feature. The minimum size requirements refer to mud/tidal flats. Refer to Unique Feature Specifications, Chapter 2, Section 400, for airfield runway and taxiways minimum size requirements. Recorded tree height is standardized at 16 meters or 50 feet for trees less than 30 meters (100 feet) tall, and at 30 meters (100 feet) for trees taller than 30 meters (100 feet). This note pertains to sand dunes. The minimum size require- ments are: Level 1: Length and width Level 2: Length and width 3000 meters (10,000 feet) 600 meters ( 2,000 feet) Portrayal of desert or sand areas other than sand dunes, sand bars or mud/tidal flats is not required. 26
PS/ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 CHAP 2, SEC 400 CHAPTER 2 -- ANALYSIS SECTION 400 -- UNIQUE SIGNIFICANT FEATURES Paragraph 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 General Selection and Portrayal Feature Dimensions Areal Features -- General Railroad Yards, Spurs cr Sidings Parking Aprons, Parking Areas Metal Ore Slag Dumps Islands Storage Areas Mud/Tidal Flats Stripmines Quarries Linear Features -- General Bridges Over passes Elevated Roads or Railroads Causeways Embankments, Cuttings Fences Walls Dams Airfield Runways and Taxiways Wharves/Piers Breakwaters/Jetties Cliffs/waterfalls Locks (Gates and Walls) Regional Features Pipelines Point Features -- General Miscellaneous Significant Features (Obstructions) Isclated Structures Radar Reflectors Airfield Navigation Aids Transformer Yards Special Tall Buildings Electrified Railroad Gantries/Pylons 27 AMDT. NO. 2 AUGUST 1980
CHAP 2, SEC 400 PS/1ICD/100 AMDT. NO. 2 PS/ICE/100 AUGUST 1980 PS/ICF/100 PS/1CG/100 401. General Unique significant features are selected in accordance with the size criteria given in Tables 2~400-1 and 2-400-2 in this section, under indivi- dual headings. Unique significant features are defined as features that are significant but which do not meet the minimum dimensions of a homoge- neous surface material grouping. The selection of features is based upon those factors which are outlined in the specification table. These factors include such considerations as type of feature, surface material makeup, predominant height, and minimum dimension requirements. . 402. Selection and Portrayal A. Unique features that meet the minimum specifications will be delineated as areal, point or line features on the feature manuscript. Unless otherwise specified descriptive information will be recorded in the data table in accordance with feature analysis data table specifications (Chapter 2, Section 200). This information is determined by analyzing aerial and ground photography and other miscellaneous sources. B. In areas of congested detail, a representative pattern of features reflecting the actual shape and configuration of the areas will be selected for portrayal. Where two linear features are too close together to be portreyed separately at compilation scale, the feature with predomi- nant characteristics (normally SMC) will be selected for portrayal (i.e., a wall adjacent to an embankment). In areas where point features are too close together to be portrayed separately at compilation scale, the features with predominant reflective characteristics will be selected for portrayal. Exception: If two features occupy the same position, i.e., tower on top of building or tower beside building, and the total height exceeds 46 meters (150 feet) above the terrain, the portrayal will reflect the overall height and description of the tallest or uppermost feature. C. A representative pattern of identical features will be selected for portrayal when they are too congested for separate portrayal. D. In very flat or sparse areas, minor detail assumes much greater Significance than in rolling or hilly terrain, or areas of dense culture. Additional features may be included below the basic specification sizes in these circumstances. For example, in flat areas a representative pattern of linear features will be delineated on the feature manuscript. (Refer to Regional Features, paragraph 427 for additional guidance.) 28
PS/ICD/100 CHAP 2, SEC 400 PS/ICE/100 AMDT. NO. 2 PS/ICF/160 AUGUST 1980 PS/1CG/100 All features will be portrayed as the type shown (areal, line, point) with the exception of those followed by an asterisk, which may be reassigned as appropriate. . SURFACE MATERIAL MIN. MIN. MIN. TYPE CATEGORY LENGTH WIDTH HEIGHT NOTES Areal Railroad Yards, Spurs, Sidings* 2 300 (1000) S TRACK ANY 2 Parking Aprons, Areas 9 300(1000) 300(1000) ANY 2 Metal Ore Slag Dumps 2 150 (500) 150 (500) 3(10) Islands * 10,3 ANY ANY ANY 2,5 Storage Areas 1-5 150 (500) 150 (500) ANY 8 Mud/Tidal Flats 7 1800(6000) 300(1000) ANY 2 Stripmines 5 600(2000) 600(2000) 5(15) Quarries * 3 300(1000) 300(1000)-10(-30) 9 Linear Bridges 1,2,3 150 (500) ANY ANY 1 Elevated Road or Railroad 1,2,3 600 (2000) ANY §(15) 1 Causeways 5 150 (500) ANY ANY 1 Embankments/Cuttings 5 300 (1000) ANY + 5(15) 1 Fences NOT REQUIRED Walls i,2,3 300 (1000) ANY 3(10) 1 Dams/Weirs 3 150 (500) ANY §(15) 1 . A) 300 (1000) ANY 5(15) 1 Airfield Runways/Taxiways 9 1000 (3000) 30 (100) ANY 2 Wharves/Piers 2 150 (500) ANY 3(10) 1 Breakwaters/Jetties 3 300 (1000) ANY ANY 1,3 Cliffs/Water fall 3 300 (1000) ANY 30 (200) 2,3 Locks NOT REQUIRED Regional Features §,12 600 (2000) ANY ANY 2,3 Pipelines 2 600 (2900) ANY ANY 1 Point Obstructions 1,2,3,4 ANY ANY | 15(50) 1,11,10 Isolated Structures * 1,2,3 30 (100) ANY 3(10) =1,7,12,13 Radar Reflectors 1 ANY ANY ANY 1,6 Airfield Navigation Aids NOT REQUIRED Transformer Yards * 1 30 (160) ANY 5(15) 1 Special Tall Buildings * 1,2,3,4 30 (100) ANY 15(50) 1,4,10 Electrified RR Gantries/Pyions 1 8 (25) . ANY 10 (30) TABLE 2-400-1 LEVEL 1 UNIQUE FEATURE SPECIFICATIONS |. (Dimensions in Meters (Feet) ) REFER TO PAGE 49 FOR NOTES 29
PS/ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 CHAP 2, SEC 400 AMDT. NO. 2 AUGUST 1980 Ali features will be portrayed as the type shown (areal, line, point) (including air field runways, bridges, etc. which may exceed the maximum width permitted for linear features) with the exception of those followed by an asterisk which may be reassigned as appropriate. TYPE Areal Railroad Yards, Spurs, Sidings* Parking Aprons, Areas Metal Ore Slag Dumps Islands * Storage Areas Mud/Tidal Flats Stripmines Quarries * Linear Bridges Elevated Road or Railroad Causeways Embankments/Cuttings Fences Walls Dams /Weirs Airfield Runways/Taxiways Wharves/Piers Breakwaters/Jetties Cliffs/Waterfall Locks * Regional Features Pipelines Point Obstructions Isolated Structures * Radar Reflectors Airfield Navigation Aids Transformer Yards * Special Tall Buildings * Electrified RR Gantries/Pylons TABLE 2-400-2 SURFACE MATERIAL CATEGORY 2 9 2 10,23 1+5 7 5 3 we = ™ 7 ~ Www ro) oT WwW Nw OWN i ot = Ww ui 7” ae N 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1 1,2,3 1 1,2,3,4 1 MIN. LENGTH 300 (1000) 100 (300) 30 (100) ANY 30 (100) 600 (2000) 300 (1000) 150 (500) 30 (100) 300 (1000) 30 (100) 100 (300) 150 (500) 4150 (500) 30 (100) 100 (300) 300 (1000) 30 (100) 100 (300) 100 (300) 30 (100) 100 (300) 100 (300) ANY 10 (30) ANY ANY 15 (50) 15 (50) 8(25) (Dimensions in Meters (Feet)) REFER TO PAGE 49 FOR NOTES 30 MIN. WIDTH 5 TRACK 100 (3900) 30 (100) ANY 30 (100) 150 (500) 300 (1000) 150 (500) ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY 15 (50) ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY ANY LEVEL 2 UNIQUE FEATURE SPECIFICATIONS MIN. HEIGHT 5(15) 10 (~30) ANY 5(15) * 5(15) 3(10) 3(10) 3(10) 3 (10) 3(10) 10 (30) 3 (10) ANY ANY 15 (50) 3(10) NOTES 1,11,10 1,7,13 1,6 1,6 1,4,16
PS/1ICD/100 PS/ICE/100 PS/ICF/100 PS/ICG/100 NOTES: 10. 11. 12. 13. CHAP 2, SEC 400 AMDT. NO. 2 AUGUST 1980 ee ee ES ee ee ae EE OD ED a Show minimum of 2m (5 ft) in FADT. Recorded height is standardized. Recorded width is standardized. Height is above surrounding homogeneous area. Height is required if shown as a point or line feature. Information relative to these features will often require reference to supplementary sources. Minimum height for isolated structures SMC 3 is 5m (15 feet). Minimum height for SMC 5 areas is 5 meters (15 feet). The recorded height for linear portrayal is standardized as zero. SMC 4 structures must be 46 meters (150 feet) above ground. Standard description (length = 6 meters (20 feet), width « 6 meters {20 feet), height = 24 meters (80 feet), orientation = 360°) shall be applied to all lattice type obstructions that are less than 46 meters (150 feet) in height except @lectrified railroad pylons/gantries. The description for isolated farmhouses and groups of agri- cultural buildings of SMC 3 material will be standardized as: Length and Width = 44 meters (approximately 150 ft); Height = 8 meters (25 ft); Orientation = 360°; Feature Iden- tification Code Number = 430. Selection criteria also applies to structures within a rail yard. 31
1 2 3 WORD 123456789012345678901234567890123456 MAN WAG (WAC) WAG WAG i | ZEROS TYP LEV NUMBER (WAC) CELL 2 | LATITUDE - MANUSCRIPT ORIGIN ESTIMATED ESTIMATED 4 | MAXIMUM LATITUDE MAXIMUM LONGITUDE (1/10 SECONDS) (1/10 SECONDS) AO Oe oe a a Oe ee A OF OS Ae FO OD DO A Se ee OD WS Oe Ow Me ee SO GD SR a eh ee Oe OD SD Ca SE FY lO SO cD OD MD ae a OO at a Se FS ED Se EA tO ee le ee SEY SD SD ES A A OO OD COORD OF FEATURE COORD OF FEATURE 4 LAT. (1/10 SEC) LONG. (1/10 SEC) ee oe ae ee ee ee oe ee om ee ae ee Oe ee ee ee ew ms were mew 600 FAC NUMBER Oe ae oe re ae re ae om re a te ee ee eee ee we ewe 601 BASH TOTAL te ee ae ee ee i ee eee wee eee 1 SMC DEFINES USE OF FEATURE Oe ee ee om ee eee eee ee te ee ee ee mee wen [ TY PREDOM'T FEATURE 1 | FAC NUMBER PE HEIGHT IDENT. pone n n-ne eee CODE. TYPE OF FEATURE NO. OF PTS 2 {SMC DEFINES USE OF FEATURE #3 TYPE OF FEATURE NO. OF PTS *4 FEATURE 2 to FEATURE M-1 CULTURE RECORD DESCRIPTION *1 HEADER RECORD *5 FEATURE M *2 FEATURE RECORD *3 FEATURE 1 TABLE 4~200-1
ce ‘FEATURE NAME (Title) Quarry Gas/Ou Derrick \ ee Offshore Platform (with derrick) Metal Processing Plant Sewage ' Treatment _ Plant L _ 100-iNDUSTRY _ | INDUSTRIAL FEATURES ‘SAMPLE DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS _ Muumum Selection Criteria Type OOF 931 Sd OOT 3DhSd SYMBOL SYMBOL RULES/NOTES * Trees No. Strs a Feat Height is measured trom. the deepest part of the quarry t Height shall be shown as a | Negative value. Height 1s standard. ' -_ o: 3: °o Q LS) jo 300m] 3001; - 10m Loni 10004 (-30) Ommensions are standard When height exceeds 46m (150 ft.) record actual dimensiuns. Orientation 1s 360 Dimensions are standard. When height exceeds 461: (150 ft.) record actual dimensions. Orientation 1s 360 . ANY me SMC 3 Minimum height = 5m (15 tt). May also be shown as a tinear feature. Minimuin length of tinear portrayal: Level 1: 150m (500 tt.) Levet 2: 30m (100 ft) 122m] 88m (4001 (290) 28m 10m (90) (30) SMC 1, 2, Minimum height = 3m {10 ft} May also be shown as a linear feature. Mimumum length of finear portrayal. Level 1: 150m (500 ft} Level 2: 30m (100 ft.) £261 AINE Al XIGNI3dd¥ MEASUREMENTS ARE IN METERS (FEET)