951 
Mapping,  Charting  & 
Geodetic  Support 
Land 
;  ^^;'.--:;-  '^^f^iz&ggp?... ;.--  .^.Subsurface- 
I  am  sure  you  realize  we  produce  maps  and  charts.  We  produce 
them  on  a  worldwide  basis  for  all  of  our  Armed  Forces.  Last  year 
we  produced  over  40  million  copies  of  maps  and  charts.  I  think  it  is 
safe  to  say  that  our  Armed  Forces  could  not  operate  without  these 
products. 
We  are  also  very  much  in  the  digital  business.  In  fact,  as  com- 
pared to  maps  and  charts,  our  effort  in  the  digital  business  now 
over  60  percent  of  our  overall  effort.  We  produce  two  digital  data 
bases  and  these  two  digital  bases  are  very  important  because  most 
of  our  major  weapon  systems  depend  upon  them  to  operate. 
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952 
Digital  Terrain  Elevation  Data 
(DTED) 
First  of  all,  using  available  source  material  we  produce  a  digital 
terrain  elevation  data  base  in  which  we  extract  the  [deleted]  eleva- 
tions at  specific  intervals,  normally  100  meters,  along  the  Earth's 
surface.  We  then  digitize  and  put  them  on  tape.
952 
Digital  Terrain  Elevation  Data 
(DTED) 
First  of  all,  using  available  source  material  we  produce  a  digital 
terrain  elevation  data  base  in  which  we  extract  the  [deleted]  eleva- 
tions at  specific  intervals,  normally  100  meters,  along  the  Earth's 
surface.  We  then  digitize  and  put  them  on  tape.
953 
Digital  Feature  Analysis  Data 
(DFAD) 
»£■>»«;•*,':*-.=*. 
rnrnasm 
We  also  produce  a  feature  data  base.  Once  again  from  available 
source  material  [deleted]  extracting  features,  man  made  and  natu- 
ral, digitizing  them  and  putting  them  on  tape. 
Last  year,  we  produced  more  than  1.5  billion  elevations  I  would 
like  to  show  you  some  of  the  systems  that  these  digital  data  bases 
are  used  on.
954 
First  of  all,  for  the  cruise  missile,  we  produce  a  terrain  contour 
matching  map  which  is  stored  in  the  on  board  computer  of  the  mis- 
sile, and  is  used  by  using  the  radar  altimeter  to  compared  it  to  the 
actual  terrain  on  the  ground.  The  precise  position  is  obtained  in 
this  way  and  incorporated  in  corrected  by  the  inertial  navigation 
system  on  the  cruise  missile. 
We  also  produce  vertical  obstruction  data  and  elevation  data 
along  the  missile  path  allowing  the  missile  to  fly  close  to  the 
ground.
955 
Firefincier 
Firefinder  is  a  counterfire  weapon  successfully  used  in  Lebanon. 
This  vugraph  depicts  the  enemy  battery  with  an  incoming  round. 
The  trajectory  of  the  round  as  derived  from  radar  is  combined  with 
our  digital  terrain  elevation  data  to  give  the  exact  location  of  the 
enemy  weapon:  then  that  is  instantly  sent  back  to  our  counterfire 
weapon  system.
956 
-.  •-» 
For  the  Pershing  II,  the  Army  uses  our  two  data  bases  to  produce 
a  target  reference  scene.  This  scene  is  compared  with  the  actual 
radar  scene  generated  by  the  missile  and  this  comparison  forms  a 
basis  for  correcting  the  missile  path.
957 
Digital  Simulations 
Radar 
Actual  y 
Plan  View 
Simulated  Scene 
Perspective  Scene 
We  also  produce  simulator  data.  Manufacturers  use  our  two  data 
bases  to  produce  scenes  for  simulators  using  both  radar  and  visual 
scenes  for  a  number  of  aircraft  and  other  weapon  systems. 
37-004    0—84- 
-61
958 
Effect  of  Gravity 
■T.-:^fQftj 
We  also  produce  gravity  data  used  by  our  strategic  systems  along 
with  precise  target  positioning.  These  two,  gravity  and  precise 
target  positions,  account  for  over  25  percent  of  the  accuracy  error 
budget  for  our  strategic  systems.
959 
FY  83  Production 
•52,000  Line  Items 
•3,312  New  or  Revised  Maps 
and  Charts 
•40  Million  Copies  of  Maps  and  Charts 
•4.4  Million  Square  Nautical  Miles  of 
Digital  Data 
•11,320  Strategic  Points 
•32,000  Gravity  Point  Measurements 
Mr.  Chairman,  this  gives  you  a  iook  at  what  we  produced  last 
year.  This  4.4  million  square  nautical  miles  of  digital  data  repre- 
sents over  one-tenth  of  the  Earth's  land  surface.  This  is  our  propa- 
ganda slide.  We  are  required  to  show  it  at  all  DMA  presentations, 
but  I  think  it  does  point  out  very  clearly  that  we  are  part  of  every 
weapon  system. 
ESSENTIALITY  OF  DMA  SUPPORT 
First  of  all,  we  are  essential  because  our  forces  could  not  operate 
without  our  maps  and  charts;  and  second,  all  of  our  major  weapon 
systems  depend  upon  these  two  digital  data  bases  to  operate,  to  ac- 
tually work.
960 
Vi~!AL    J 
OOUCTS 
Every  Military 
Aircafi 
J*+ 
.Every  Strategic 
Weapon  Unit 
Every  Ground 
Force  Unit 
SYSTEM  DEFICIENCIES 
We  are,  however,  running  into  problems  in  producing  quantities 
of  these  vital  products  needed  in  the  timeframe  required  by  our 
Armed  Forces.  This  is  further  compounded  by  the  fact  that  the 
more  complex  digital  requirements  are  increasing  rapidly  in 
number. 
Now,  our  present  system  is  the  best  in  the  world,  certainly  the 
most  modern  in  the  world,  but  it  has  some  very  serious  deficiencies 
when  compared  to  our  requirements.  First,  it  is  too  slow.  It  takes  6 
to  24  months  to  produce  a  map  or  chart.  We  simply  cannot  respond 
fast  enough  to  the  requirements. 
Second,  of  course,  its  lengthy  process  affects  the  quantities  of 
products  that  we  can  make. 
Third,  it  is  too  costly.  This  is  because  it  is  a  very  labor  intensive 
system,  and  fourth,  it  is  inflexible.  We  don't  have  the  flexibility  we 
require.  Our  present  system  does  not  respond  well  to  changes  in 
either  new  products  or  revisions  to  existing  products,  nor  to 
changes  in  the  production  line. 
For  example,  if  we  have  to  produce  a  new  product  from  scratch, 
we  have  to  interupt  the  production  process,  pull  the  partially  com- 
pleted product  out  and  put  in  the  new  product  perturbing  the 
system.  It  is  very  inefficient  and  also  expensive 
Our  RDT&E  program  is  designed  to  correct  these  deficiencies. 
This  is  or  objective  and  I  will  just  leave  the  vugraph  up  there  for  a 
moment.
961 
Mr.  Chairman,  this  is  what  we  are  emphasizing.  First,  conversion 
to  an  all  digital  production  system. 
Second,  developing  a  gravity  gradient  sensor  to  produce  data  to 
support  our  stratehgic  weapons  systems. 
Third,  to  develop  techniques  and  equipment  to  use  remote  sens- 
ing for  determining  the  ocean  floor  topography  which  is  very  im- 
portant for  our  naval  forces. 
And  fourth,  to  develop  a  system  capable  of  transmitting  data  to 
our  field  units  so  that  maps,  charts  and  digital  products  may  be 
produced  in  the  field. 
FY85  RDT&E 
Funding  Requirements 
($  in  millions) 
Program  Requirement 
Exploitation  Modernization  $165.4 
Program 
Continuing  Research  and 
Engineering  Development  23.7 
Acquisition  System  Development  18.3 
Total  RDT&E  Requirements  $  207.4 
for  DMA 
This  is  our  budget  as  submitted.  We  are  requesting  $207.4  mil- 
lion. One  hundred  sixty-five  point  four  million  dollars  is  requested 
for  the  Exploitation  Modernization  Program.  This  is  a  virtual  re- 
building of  our  production  system.  It  is  a  congressionally  endorsed 
program  which  will  ultimately  give  us  an  all  digital  system 
throughout  the  production  process.  Our  goal  is  to  reduce  our  pro- 
duction time  requirements  by  75  percent  and  our  costs  by  50  per- 
cent. 
Without  this  program,  we  will  not  be  able  to  meet  our  strategic 
commitments  in  the  outyears  and  into  the  early  nineties. 
In  our  continuing  research  and  engineering  development  pro- 
gram we  are  requesting  $23.7  million.  First,  this  request  is  to  find 
ways  to  improve  our  data  collection  and  analysis  methods.
962 
Second,  to  improve  our  labor  intensive  system  by  incorporating 
artifical  intelligence  into  production  operations. 
Third,  to  introduce  special  data  bases  and  fourth,  to  improve  the 
way  we  now  generate  and  produce  products. 
Last,  we  are  requesting  $18.3  million  for  our  acquisition  systems 
development  program,  which  is  designed  to  insure  that  the  source 
data  we  receive  [deleted]  is  compatible  with  our  production  system 
requirements. 
Mr.  Chairman,  what  we  have  attempted  to  do  is  show  that  the 
products  we  produce  are  essential  to  the  effectiveness  of  our  Armed 
Forces  and  that  our  capability  to  continue  producing  these  prod- 
ucts is  dependent  upon  our  R&D  program.  Finally  we  respectfully 
request  the  committee's  support  for  our  budget  as  submitted. 
Thank  you,  sir. 
The  Chairman.  Thank  you. 
Mr.  Hutto. 
Mr.  Hutto.  No  questions. 
The  Chairman.  Mr.  Coleman. 
Mr.  Coleman.  No  questions. 
The  Chairman.  Does  the  staff  have  any  questions? 
Mr.  Bayer.  The  Air  Force  claims  that  they  are  spending  about 
$25  million  a  year  reformating  the  data  that  you  provided  them  for 
the  cruise  missile  program  and  they  have  asked  for  about  $11  mil- 
lion to  set  up  a  system  to  do  that  on  their  own.  I  wonder  why  DMA 
wouldn't  do  that  for  them?  They  claim  they  have  three-fourths  of 
the  requirement  for  data.  It  would  seem  like  it  would  be  better  for 
you  all  to  get  the  data  in  the  right  format  for  the  Air  Force  and 
"that  we  really  shouldn't  put  the  money  in  the  Air  Force  to  do  that. 
Admiral  Wilkinson.  This  is  a  very  complicated  process  as  it 
stands  right  now.  We  produce  two  digital  data  bases  and  the  type 
of  formats  needed  from-  the  digital  data  base  depends  upon  the  spe- 
cific products  that  we  needed.  There  may  be  a  missile  simulator 
that  needs  a  different  formating.  The  Pershing  needs  a  different 
formating.  We  do  some  of  this,  but  not  all  of  it  for  everybody.  We 
simply  would  not  have  the  time,  computer  time,  to  do  that  or  the 
money  to  do  it. 
Let  me  ask  Mr.  Ayers.  He  may  want  to  elaborate  on  that  a  little 
bit.  .    ., 
Mr.  Ayers.  First,  was  your  question  related  to  the  cruise  missile 
or  the  simulators? 
Admiral  Wilkinson.  If  it  was  the  simulator,  it  is  an  easy  ques- 
tion to  
Mr.  Ayers.  In  particular,  you  might  want  to  go  back  to  the  Air 
Force,  it  is  their  program  element.  They  are  only  asking  for  about 
$1  million  this  year  and  another  $10  million  to  reformat  DMA 
data.  They  claim  they  are  the  primary  user  of  the  data.  I  would 
think  it  would  be  better  if  you  gave  them  data  in  the  right  format. 
Admiral  Wilkinson.  We  have  165  users  of  this  digital  data  in  all. 
Nine  different  simulators  use  it,  in  addition  to  all  the  weapons  sys- 
tems I  went  through  up  here.  Everybody  requires  it  in  a  different 
format.  I  don't  understand  it  for  the  cruise  missile.  We  will  get  a 
better  answer  for  that;  we  produced  the  Tercoms,  as  we  call  the 
terrain  contour  matching  system  matrices,  for  the  cruise  missile. 
Let  me  see  if  Mr.  Ayers  wants  to  elaborate.
963 
Mr.  Ayers.  I  think  we  can  check  into  it  but  to  my  knowledge, 
they  are  not  reformating  the  data  for  the  cruise  missile. 
Mr.  Bayer.  They  claim  here  on  page  165  of  their  backup  they  are 
spending  about  $25  million  a  year  doing  that. 
Mr.  Ayers.  We  are  delivering  the  data  and  they  are  using  it  for 
testing. 
Admiral  Wilkinson.  We  will   provide  you  an  answer  for  the 
record  on  that. 
[The  following  information  was  received  for  the  record:] 
Cartographic  Applications  for  Tactical  and  Strategic  Systems  [CATSS] 
DMA  is  cognizant  of  Air  Force's  proposed  Cartographic  Applications  for  Tactical 
and  Strategic  Systems  (CATSS)  program  (P.E.  63259)  and  supports  the  concept.  It  is 
our  understanding  this  program  is  intended  to  optimize  DMA  cultural,  physical  and 
symbolic  cartographic  data  in  a  digital  format  for  the  specific  needs  of  a  wide  range 
of  developing  weapon  systems.  In  most  cases,  some  form  of  transformation  of  stand- 
ard DMA  products  is  required  before  they  can  be  employed  on  a  given  system.  In 
the  case  of  the  cruise  missile,  the  Terrain  Contour  Matching  (TERCOM)  map  and 
Vertical  Obstruction  Data  are  produced  specifically  for  that  system  and  require  no 
additional  processing.  The  large  Digital  Terrain  Elevation  data  base  used  to  plan 
the  route  of  the  missile,  however,  is  a  standard  DMA  product  used  for  many  other 
applications.  A  simple  reformatting  routine  is  applied  to  make  the  data  more  effi- 
cient for  that  specific  task.  This  operation  is  currently  performed  by  the  Air  Force 
and  is  independent  of  the  CATSS  effort  Advanced  versions  of  the  cruise  missile  cur- 
rently under  development  may  employ  more  sophisticated  and  complex  transforma- 
tion programs  which  will  incur  greater  levels  of  post-production  data  processing. 
We  perceive  the  CATSS  program  as  the  necessary  interface  between  DMA  and 
the  Air  Force  user  community.  CATSS  will  provide  system  developers  with  the  tech- 
nical expertise  to  develop  the  software  needed  to  employ  DMA  standard  products 
for  their  needs.  Beyond  the  cruise  missile,  a  whole  family  of  systems  requiring  DMA. 
digital  data  are  either  entering  operation  or  are  under  active  development.  Missile 
and  aircraft  guidance  systems,  simulators,  avionics  suites  and  CI  systems  are  just  a 
few  of  the  applications  requiring  digital  map  support.  DMA  cannot  afford  to  build 
specialized  products  for  each  of  these  requirements.  It  is  DMA  policy  to  concentrate 
our  resources  on  production  of  a  limited  number  of  flexible  data  bases  which,  with 
appropriate  transformation,  can  be  utilized  by  a  wide  variety  of  systems.  It  is  not 
within  our  purview  as  a  data  producer  to  develop  this  transformation  software.  It 
should  be  the  responsibility  of  applications  oriented  programs  such  as  CATSS  to 
provide  this  support.  We  see  no  conflict  or  duplication  between  our  role  and  that  of 
the  CATSS  program. 
Mr.  Ayers.  One  other  item  is  important  in  regard  to  simulators. 
We  have  encouraged  through  the  Under  Secretary  of  Defense  for 
R&D,  the  need  to  get  standardization  in  the  data  so  that  the  cost  to 
translate  our  digital  data  into  every  different  type  of  computer 
that  a  manufacturer  of  weapons  systems  comes  up  with  is  mini- 
mized. You  can  rapidly  see  that  each  manufacturer  or  each  soft- 
ware developer  could  come  up  with  a  different  approach  to  writing 
the  software.  There  is  an  active  effort  toward  getting  some  stand- 
ardization in  that  area  so  as  to  minimize  the  costs  of  transforma- 
tion. And  this  is  an  area  that  we  have  been  working  on  with  Dr. 
DeLauer's  office  very  diligently. 
The  Chairman.  Thank  you  very  much,  gentlemen. 
Admiral  Wilkinson.  Thank  you. 
Prepared  Statement  of  Rear  Adm.  Edward  A.  Wilkinson,  Jr. 
Mr.  Chairman  and  members  of  the  committee:  I  welcome  the  opportunity  to 
appear  before  you  today  to  discuss  the  Defense  Mapping  Agency's  fiscal  year  1985 
research,  development,  test  and  evaluation  (RDT&E)  appropriation  requirements. 
Our  RDT&E  program  is  divided  into  three  distinct  but  interrelated  areas:  One,  the 
activities  of  the  exploitation  modernization  program  (EMP);  two,  the  continuing  re-
964 
search  and  development  program  for  mapping,  charting,  and  geodesy  (MC&G);  and 
three,  the  acquisition  systems  development  porogram.  All  of  these  programs  are  a 
part  of  the  department  of  defense  (DOD)  tactical  intelligence  and  related  activities 
(TIARA)  aggregation.  I  will  now  discuss  briefly,  DMA's  mission,  RDT&E  program 
objectives,  and  the  fiscal  year  1985  request  for  the  three  segments  of  our  program. 
DMA  MISSION 
DMA's  mission  is  directly  and  almost  exclusively  related  to  readiness  activities. 
We  provide  mapping,  charting,  and  geodesy  (MC&G)  support  and  services  to  the 
Armed  Forces  through  the  production  and  worldwide  distribution  of  maps,  charts, 
precise  positioning  data,  and  digital  data  for  strategic  and  tactical  military  oper- 
ations and  weapons  systems.  In  fact,  DMA  products  that  are  accurate,  current,  and 
timely  are  needed  for  every  conceivable  type  of  military  operation,  including  air  and 
marine  navigational  safety.  Those  products  that  become  an  integral  part  of  the 
weapons  systems  are  crucial  to  their  effectiveness  and  the  accuracies  of  missiles 
depend  upon  our  precise  positioning  of  launch  and  target  areas  by  geodetic  and  geo- 
physical means.  DMA  also  has  a  statutory  responsibility  to  support  the  merchant 
marine  worldwide  except  for  United  States  territorial  waters. 
MAJOR  OBJECTIVES 
DMA  strives  to  provide  timely  support  of  the  validaterd,  global  needs  of  the 
Armed  Forces  for  MC&G  products,  data,  and  services  by  pursuing  our  major  objec- 
tives which  are  to: 
Meet  the  minimum,  validated  requirements  of  the  military  users  for  MC&G  prod- 
ucts; assure  the  availability  of  current  products  required  for  safety  of  flight  and 
navigation  at  sea;  meet,  to  the  extent  resources  and  source  materials  permit,  the 
need  for  completion  of  products  and  data  required  by  the  initial  operating  capability 
dates  established  for  new  weapons,  navigation  systems,  etc. 
Continue  to  work  closely  with  the  military  users  to  assure  that  no  new  product 
line  is  developed  if  an  existing  product  will  satisfy  the  mission  need.  If  a  new  prod- 
uct line  is  required,  we  produce  the  most  economical  product  that  will  satisfy  the 
requirement. 
Continue  efforts  to  increase  productivity  through  research  and  development, 
equipment  acquisition,  and  improved  production  processes,  principally  through  the 
exploitation  modernization  program,  to  better  meet  product  requirements  of  the 
Armed  Forces. 
Achieve  production  in  the  most  economically  feasible  manner  including  a  proper 
balance  between  in-house  and  contractual  effort. 
Continue  working  closely  with  the  80  some  foreign  countries  with  which  we  have 
cooperative  agreements  and  with  U.S.  civil  mapping  agencies  in  order  to  maximize 
our  ability  to  use,  whenever  possible,  their  products  in  lieu  of  direct  DMA  produc- 
tion to  meet  military  requirements. 
MC&G  PRODUCTION  ACCOMPLISHMENTS 
Significant  MC&G  production  accomplishments  in  fiscal  year  1983  were: 
All  products  required  to  support  the  IOC's  of  Pershing  II  and  ground  launched 
cruise  missile  (GLCM)  were  produced  and  delivered  on  time. 
All  requirements  for  the  cruise  missile  program  support  were  met. 
Support  to  the  U.S.  Central  Command  (CENTCOM)  in  Southwest  Asia  remained 
on  schedule  and  accelerated  production  in  Central  America  in  support  of  the  U.S. 
Southern  Command  (SOUTHCOM)  was  initiated. 
Peacekeeper  development,-  test,  and  evaluation  gravity  requirements  were  met 
and  surveys  to  meet  similar  requirements  for  Trident  II  were  initiated. 
All  high  priority  aeronautical,  nautical,  and  topographic  mapping  and  charting 
commitments  were  met  as  scheduled. 
A  total  of  seven  JCS-directed  crisis  actions  were  responded  to  on  time,  including 
major  support  efforts  for  Lebanon  and  Grenada. 
PRODUCTS  AND  PRIORITIES 
Our  production  priorities  continue  to  be  directed  toward  satisfying,  first,  those  re- 
quirements of  the  strategic  forces  such  as  the  cruise  missile  and  the  Trident  II,  and 
to  providing  products  that  are  essential  to  safety  of  flight  and  navigation  at  sea.  Our 
secondary  emphasis  is  directed  toward  the  needs  of  the  U.S.  European  Command 
(EUCOM),  U.S.  Cental  Command  (CENTCOM),  U.S.  Pacific  Command  (PACOM). 
and  U.S.  Southern  Command  (SOUTHCOM).  Two  of  the  tactical  systems  receiving
965 
special  attention  are  the  Pershing  II  and  Firefinder.  To  suppport  urgent  and  high 
priority  needs  in  these  categories,  requirements  in  lower  priority  areas  must  be  de- 
ferred. This  precludes  supporting  many  requirements  in  third  world  areas  with  the 
execution  of  CENTCOM'S  and  SOUTHCOM's  higher  priority  requirements.  Unfor- 
tunately, recent  history  indicated  that  the  third  world  is  the  most  likely  area  tor 
uprisings  and  incursions. 
PERSHING  u 
One  example  of  DMA's  support  of  tactical  systems  is  the  Pershing  II  whose  striKe 
plan  we  support  by  producing  point  positioning  data  bases  (PPDBS)  for  m-field  tar- 
geting We  also  produce  digital  terrain  elevation  data  (DTED)  and  digital  feature 
analysis  data  (DFAD)  for  the  in-field  generation  of  reference  scenes  used  with  this 
land  based  missile's  terminal  guidance  system.  Production  to  meet  Pershing  II  de- 
ployment dates  is  a  DMA  effort  with  some  allied  coproducer  support. 
U.S.  CENTRAL  COMMAND  REQUIREMENTS 
With  respect  to  tactical  forces,  a  major  portion  of  our  productioji leffort continues 
to  be  devoted  to  satisfying  priority  requirements  of  the  USCLNTCOM.  Small  and 
medium  scale  coverage  for  USCENTCOM  areas  are  now  generally  available.  There- 
fore, we  are  concentrating  both  in-house  and  contractural  effort  on  the  production 
of  large  scale  maps  and  charts  and  PPDBS. 
PERSPECTIVES  ON  MC4.C  SUPPORT 
DMA's  efforts,  and  consequently  its  resource  needs,  are  sensitive  to  accuracy  re- 
quirements and  planned  areas  of  application  of  individuaJ  weapon  systems  and  con- 
tingency plans  rather  than  troop  and  force  levels.  Accordingly,  our  production  of 
terrain  contour  matching  (TERCOM)  matrices  and  other  digital  data  for  the  various 
cruise  missiles  is  dependent  upon  the  areas  of  deployment  and  accuracy  require- 
ments of  each  system  rather  than  the  actual  numbers  deployed.  Also,  much  of  the 
data  such  as  PPDBS,  DTED,  and  DFAB  produced  for  a  given  geographic  area  will 
support  more  than  one  weapon  system;  for  example,  intercontinental  ballistic  mis- 
siles, cruise  missiles,  and  the  Pershing  II.  Thus,  a  reduction  in  the  numbers  of  mis- 
siles or  even  the  elimination  of  a  system  does  not  necessarily  affect  the  need  for  a 
given  DMA  product. 
DMA  RDT&E  PROGRAM  OBJECTIVES 
The  objective  of  the  DMA  RDT&E  program  is  to  improve  MC&G  capabilities  in  all 
phases  of  our  operations  from  source  collection  through  the  distribution  of  finished 
MC&G  products.  Our  current  program  emphasizes  first,  expanding  the  digital  proc- 
esses in  the  DMA  production  system  to  support  current  and  future  weapons  (cruise 
missile,  Pershing  II,  simulators,  etc.);  second,  developing  a  gravity  gradient  sensor  in 
support  of  the  Trident  weapon  system;  third,  developing  equipment  *nd  exploitation 
techniques  using  remote  sensors  for  hydrographic  data  to  define  the  topography  of 
the  ocean  floor  in  support  of  current  and  future  surface  and  sub-surface  military 
operations;  and  fourth,  developing  means  for  remote  production  of  maps  and  charts 
using  transmitted  data  in  support  of  rapidly  deployed  forces  world  wide. 
TOTAL  FISCAL  YEAR  1985  RDT&E  FUNDING  REQUIREMENTS 
For  fiscal  year  1985,  DMA  is  requesting  a  total  of  $207.4  million.  Of  this  amount, 
$165.4  million  is  for  the  exploitation  modernization  program;  $23.7  million  is  re- 
quired for  continuing  research  and  development  activities  including  $500  thousand 
for  the  initiation  of  an  exploratory  development  activity  within  DMA;  and  518. J  mi  - 
lion  is  for  our  acquisition  systems  development  program.  The  request  of  $£UIA  mil- 
lion represents  a  $77.3  million  increase  over  our  fiscal  year  1984  authorisation  and 
is  directly  associated  with  the  Secretary  of  Defense  mandated,  congressional ly  en- 
dorsed, EMP  development  effort. 
EXPLOITATION  MODERNIZATION  PROGRAM  (EMP) 
In  fiscal  year  1985,  $165.4  million  is  being  requested  for  the  EMP.  The  committee 
was  advised  last  year  of  the  establishment  of  a  new  component,  the  DMA  special 
program  office  for  exploitation  modernization  (DMASPOEM)  whose  mission  would 
be  to  develop  the  all-digital  production  capability  needed  for  the  1990s.  This  capatnl-
9(u; 
ity  also  will  provide  DMA  the  flexibility  to  adapt  its  production  line  for  use  of  all 
available  source  materials. 
Compared  to  current  capabilities,  the  all-digital  system  is  expected  to  increase 
DMA's  production  capacity  to  support  current  and  new  weapon  systems  and  tactical 
operations,  and  provide  the  flexibility  for  greatly  improved  responsiveness  through 
a  decrease  in  production  time.  The  EMP  objectives  are  a  50  percent  reduction  in 
production  costs  and  a  75  percent  reduction  in  pipeline  time  as  compared  to  current 
DMA  capabilities. 
CONTINUING  RDT&E  DEVELOPMENT  PROGRAM 
As  I  have  also  stated  previously,  $23.7  million  of  the  fiscal  year  1935  request  will 
provide  for  the  continuing  advanced  and  engineering  development  efforts  for  map- 
ping, charting,  and  geodesy  and  the  initiation  of  an  exploratory  development  activi- 
ty. These  efforts  are  directed  toward  maintaining  a  broad-based  RDT&E  program 
which  supports  the  current  DMA  production  system  as  well  as  the  emerging  digita 
production  system  in  both  the  near  term  and  long  range  timeframes.  During  fiscal 
year  1985.  the  thrust  of  this  program  will  be  to  continue  with  those  efforts  required 
to  enhance  MC&G  data  collection  and  analysis  activities,  to  more  fully  automate 
processes  for  MC&G  data  extraction  and  development  and  management  of  spatial 
data  bases,  and  to  provide  more  efficient  product  generation  capabilities. 
To  accomplish  this  segment  of  our  R&D  program,  the  requested  funds  for  fiscal 
year  1985  will  be  divided  among  the  following  four  functional  areas. 
MC&G  DATA  COLLECTION  AND  ANALYSIS  ACTIVITIES 
For  developments  in  the  MC&G  areas  of  geodesy,  geophysics,  hydrography  and  re- 
lated data  collection  and  analysis  activities,  $7.3  million  will  be  required.  Hardware 
and  software  techniques  will  be  developed  to  exploit  and  collect  geodetic  and  geo- 
physical data  used  to  enhance  the  capabilities  of  current  and  future  DOD  weapons 
systems.  Specifically,  DMA  is  required  to  collect  MC&G  data  using  advanced  sensors 
and  technology;  produce  launch  and  target  positions,  including  astro-geodetic  deflec- 
tion of  the  vertical;  produce  navigation  checkpoints;  and  provide  precise  measure- 
ments of  the  earth's  gravitational  field  and  other  geodetic  and  geophysical  data.  In 
the  area  of  hydrography,  developments  will  be  directed  towards  satisfying  DOD  and 
statutory  requirements  associated  with  safety  of  navigation  at  sea  and  hydrographic 
charting.  This  will  be  accomplished  through  improved  hydrographic  data  collection 
and  processing  related  to  coastal  bathymetry,  detection  of  navigation  hazards,  sonar 
surveying,  and  remote  sensing  techniques. 
MC&G  DATA  PROCESSING 
There  is  a  requirement  of  $9.1  million  to  be  used  for  improvements  in  MC&G  data 
processing  capabilities.  These  R&D  development  efforts  will  be  concentrated  in  the 
areas  of  data  extraction,  data  base  management,  and  computer  science.  In  the  data 
extraction  and  data  base  management  areas,  efforts  are  designed  to  further  increase 
automation  in  our  MC&G  production  system  by  the  use  of  expert  systems  for  fea- 
ture identification  and  extraction  and  for  management  of  spatial  data  bases  which 
are  three-dimensional  representations  of  the  earth  s  surface,  including  the  ocean 
bottom.  MC&G  user  requirements  have  made  it  necessary  for  DMA  to  develop  these 
new  methods  which  will  permit  the  use  of  more  efficient  automated  techniques  for 
extracting,  structuring,  storing  and  retrieving  a  high  volume  of  source  data  required 
in  both  DMA's  current  and  emerging  digital  production  systems.  In  the  computer 
science  area,  developments  will  include  the  establishment  of  a  modern  program- 
ming environment  within  DMA,  integrated  simulations  of  production  subsystems, 
and  application  of  telecommunication  technology  and  related  computer  engineering 
techniques.  These  efforts  are  designed  to  eliminate  excessive  manual  data  handling, 
inefficient  software  developments  and  maintenance  difficulties  and  to  incorporate 
modern  software  engineering  methodology  into  the  DMA  production  environment. 
MC&G  PRODUCT  GENERATION 
To  increase  MC&G  product  generation  efficiency  and  support,  $6.8  million  will  be 
required.  This  will  be  accomplished  through  advanced  developments  in  the  areas  of 
automated  cartography,  graphic  arts  and  the  use  of  radar  and  other  sensor  scene 
simulations  and  remote  sensing  techniques.  Automated  cartographic  efforts  will  be 
directed  at  developing  near-term  equipment  that  will  be  further  enhanced  by  the 
exploitation  modernization  program  (EMP)  and  developing  techniques  and  software 
that  automate  DMA's  labor  intensive  cartographic  production  processes,  including