FY  1982  RDT&E  DESCRIPTIVE  SUMMARY 
ProRram  Element:   J12431F  --  Title:   Hofcnse  .SufJ?ort_  fr?8r?£ 
Btuigol  Activity:   Strategic  Projjr<im8  u  J_} 
(SA   RESOURCES  (PROJECT  LISTING):   (S  In  thousands) 
^    Total 
Project  FY  1980   FY  1981     FY  1982    FY  1983    Additional  Estimated 
Number      Title  Actual    Estimate   Estimate   Estimate   to  Completion  Costs 
TOTAL  FOR  PROGRAM  ELEMENT  31,000     87,570    146,300      TBD       Continuing     Not  Applicable 
(f^)  BRIEF  DESCRIPTION  OF  ELEMENT  AND  MISSION  NEED:  The  Defense  Support  Program  Is  the  key  element  of_  the  Worldwide 
Military  Command  and  Control  System 
The  system  consists  of 
satellites  two  large  processing  stations,  one  simplified  processing  station,  and  a  ground  communi- 
cations network. 
$  BASIS  FOR  FY  1982  RDT&E  REQUEST:  Funds  are  included  for  the  design  and  development  of  satellite  14  and  beyond  with 
survivability  upgrades.  The  design  and  development  will  be  completed  in  FY  1983.  Production  of  satellites  14  -  17  will 
start  In  FY  1982  for  those  components  which  are  not  new  and  do  not  require  major  redesign.  Continuation  of  modifications 
for  compatibility  with  Shuttle/Titan  III(34)D/Inertial  Upper  Stage  is  included.  Two  satellites  scheduled  for  a  FY  1981 
delivery  will  be  Titan  III(34)D/Inertiai  Upper  Stage  compatible  and  two  satellites  scheduled  for  a  FY  1982  delivery  will 
be  Shuttle/Inertial  Upper  Stage  compatible.  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  (HCT)  and  the  associated  user  interface__design  will  be 
completed  in  FY  1982."  Funds 
are  also  included  for  General  Systems  Engineering/Integration.  Cost  data  were  derived  by  the  Air  Force  Systems  Command's 
Program  Office,  using  a  combination  of  contractor  estimates  and  past  experience. 
(U)  COMPARISON  WITH  FY  1981  DESCRIPTIVE  SUMMARY: 
Total 
FY  1981 
FY  1982 
FY  1983 
Additional 
Estimated 
FY  1980 
Estimate 
72,900 
Estimate 
13  5,300 
Estimate 
153,100 
to  Completion 
Continuing 
Costs 
31,000 
Not  Applicable 
103,862 
51,931 
192,280 
173,200 
Continuing 
Not  Applicable 
26,574 
90,132 
10,733 
75,100 
Continuing 
Not  Applicable 
RDT&E 
Procurement  (Missile) 
Procurement  (Other) 
(U)  OTHER  APPROPRIATION  FUNDS: 
| Procurement  (Missile)  103,862     52,008  230,254  200,260   Continuing      Not  Applicable 
(Quantity)  (1  retrofit)  (Start  4)  (Continue  4) 
iProcurement  (Other )( Includes  initial  spares)      26,574     70,305  101,806  9,357   Continuing      Not  Applicable 
(Quantity)  (2  MGTs)  (3  MGTs) 
{Operations  and  Maintenance  33,505     50,835  53,434  .  63,118   Continuing      Not  Applicable 
■W^^ 
SiS
ProRram  Element:   #1243lP  Title:   Defense  Support  Program 
Budget  Activity:   Strategic  Programs,  *3 
(JO    DETAILED  BACKGROUND  AND  DESCRIPTION:   The  Defense  Support  Program  (USP)  was  developed 
DSP  satellites  contain  Infrared  sensors. 
The  system  Is  operational 
to  the  National  Command  Authorities  (NCA)  and  other  designated  users. 
The  system's  current  deployment  consists  of 
Two  dedicated 
ground  stations,  one  overseas  and  one  within  the  Continental  United  States  (CONUS) 
The  Simplified  Processing  Station  provides  a  backup  capability  to  the  current  ground 
stations  to  enhance  mission  data  survivability 
It  Is  currently  deployed  In  the  CONUS,  but  can  be  moved  overseas  In  about  a  two  week  period.  The 
Joint  Chiefs  of  Staff  have  designated  the  Aerospace  Defense  Command,  Strategic  Air  Command,  National  Military  Command 
System, .Atlantic  Command,  Pacific  Command,  European  Command, 
as  users  of  DSP  data.   Evolutionary  satellite  Improvements  are  Intended  to  prolong 
the  useful  life  of  each  satellite,  make  the  satellite  more  survlvable  increase  the  viewing  area 
of  each  satellite,  and  Increase  the  accuracy  of  data  provided 
for  the  NCA  decision-making  process.  Modifications  under  development  will  ensure  that  the  DSP  payloada  are  compatible 
with  Shuttle/Titan  III(34)D/Inertial  Upper  Stage  (IUS)  capabilities.  The  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  will  provide  DSP  data 
survivability  by  developing  a  truck  mounted  data  processing  and  communication  capability 
Future  satellites  scheduled  for  delivery  starting  In  FY  1985  will  Include  significant  data 
survivability  improvements. 
(/)   RELATED  ACTIVITIES: 
Defense  Satellite  Communications  System  (P.E.  33110F) 
provides  primary  communications  routing  for  DSP  overseas  data  and  will  help  provide  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  communica- 
tions. Space  Boosters  (P.E.  35119F)  proviJes  launch  support.  Space  Vehicle  Subsystems  Advanced  Development  (P.E.  6340IF) 
is  developing  technology  for  improved  satellite  stabilization  techniques.  The  National  Emergency  Airborne  Coran^and  Post 
(P.E.  32015F)  and  Post-Attack  Command  and  Control  System  (P.E.  11312F)  are  potential  users  of  DSP  data.  DSP  Is  the  key 
element  of  the  Worldwide  Military  Command  and  Control  Systems  (WWMCCS) 
After  transition  to  the  Space  Shuttle,  Space  Launch  Support 
Program  (P.E.  35171P)  will  provide  IUSs  and  Space  Shuttle  flights  for  DSP  missions.  DSP  Communications  (P.E.  12447F) 
provides  operations  and  maintenance  for  the  DSP  Ground  Communication  Network. 
>*'?
Program  Element:   #12431F 
Title:   Defense  Support  Program 
Budget  Activity:  Strategic  Progr.ims,  /3 
(U)  WORK  PERFORMED  BY:  Comman.l.-r  :  ;  ..hlef,  Aerospace  Dtfenae  Command,  maintains  operational  control  of  Defense  Support 
Program  (DSP)  for  the  Joint  Chieia  of  Staff.  Strategic  Air  Command  and  the  Air  Force  Communications  Command  are  the 
system  operators  and  maintainers  of  the  DSP  ground  stations.  Air  Force  Systems  Command's  Space  Division,  Los  Angeles, 
CA,  has  overaLl  development  and  procurement  management  responsibility  and  program  management  of  the  satellites.  The  Air 
Force  Logistics  Command  provides  engineering  and  logistics  support.  Air  Force  Weapons  Laboratory,  Kirtland  Air  Force 
Base,  NM,  will  provide  facility  support.  The  Air  Force  Test  and  Evaluation  Center,  Kirtland  Air  Force  Base,  NM,  partici- 
Ipates  In  test  and  evaluation  of  selected  system  segments.  TRW,  Redondo  Beach,  CA,  is  the  prime  contractor  for  tne  space- 
craft and  satellite  integration.  Aerojet  Electro  Systems  Company,  Azusa,  CA,  is  the  prime  contractor  for  the  infrared 
sensor  and  the  computer  replacement.  The  Martin-Marietta  Aerospace  Company,  Denver,  CO,  builds  the  Titan  III  boosters. 
The  Department  of  Energy  (Sandia  Corporation)  IBM,  Thousand  Oaks, 
CA,  is  the  prime  contractor  for  all  software  efforts  as  well  as  the  prime  contractor  on  the  Simplified  Processing  Station 
and  Mobile  Ground  Terminals.  Technology  Development  Corporation  of  Santa  Clara,  CA,  is  the  prime  contractor  for  the 
Ground  Communications  Network.  The  Aerospace  Corporation,  Inglewood,  CA,  furnishes  general  systems  engineering/integra- 
tion for  the  DSP  System  Program  Office. 
(U)  PROGRAM  ACCOMPLISHMENTS  AND  FUTURE  PROGRAMS: 
1.  (g)  FY  1980  and  Prior  Accomplishments:  Significant  accomplishments  to  date  include  procurement  of  13  satellites  and 
12  Tftan  IlIC  boosters,  construction  of  two  data  processing  facilities,  and  provision  of  user  displays,  software, 
communications  and  a  training  facility  (also  used  for  software  development  and  mission  data  analyaia),  comoletlon  of 
Research  and  Development  (R&D)  for  modifications  to  satellites  10-12  to  improve  survivability  and 
to  provide  data  survivability,  completion  of  R&D  for  an  improved  focal  plane  for  satellite  13  and  completion  of  develop- 
ment of  hardware  and  software  for  tUe  Simplified  Processing  Station.   Development,  initiated  in  FY  1976,  continues  on  an 
improved  sensor  to  provide  Increased  viewing  area 
In  June  1976,  a  software  package  was  delivered  which  enables  the 
Development  of 
modifications  for  satellite  retrofit  to  improve  survivsbility     _  was  initiated.   R&D  support  for 
DSP  augmentation  was  completed.  Ground  station  modifications  for  compatibility  with  a  satellite  anti-Jam  commsnd  capa- 
bility were  completed.   Satellite  Tracking  Set  Training  Equipment  was  delivered. 
5>0
Program  Element:  #12431F 
Title:   Defense  Support  Progrnca 
Budget  Activity:   Strategic  I'rog  r.i*nn  L  '  1 
Funding  ensuring  Titan  II 1(34 )D/Shuctle/ Inert  1 «1 
Upper  Stage  (IUS)  compatibility  continues.   In  December  1978  the  Simplified  Processing  Station  (SPS)  was  shipped 
for  Initial  Operational  Teat  and  Evaluation.   The  testing  was  completed  In  June 
1979.   A  satellite  calibration  experiment  was  performed  An  upgrade  to  th«» 
Ground  Communications  Network  started  in  August  1979  to  provide  data  to  an  Airborne  Command  Post.  In  June  1980  a  contract 
was  awarded  to  replace  the  computers  in  the  Defense  Support  Program  (DSP)  ground  stations  and  the  training  and  development 
facilities.   This  replacement  Is  necessary  to  provide  processing  capability  for  new  satellites  and  to  avoid  obsolescence. 
2.  {jfi    FY  1981  Planned  Program: 
the  option  that  increased  the  survivability  of  the  current  DSP. 
These  survivability  upgrades  include  the  following: 
to  the  ground  processing  of  satellite  data 
rebroadcast  capability 
In  February  1980  the  Deputy  Secretary  of  Defense  chose 
(1)  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  will  provide  survivability 
(2)  a  satel lite-to-satel lite  crosslink 
(3)  a  Mission  Data  Message 
Design  of  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  and  the  associated  user  interfaces  will  start  in  FY  1981.  The  basic 
computers  and  software  will  be  the  same  as  those  used  in  the  Simplified  Processing  Station.  The  design  funds  will  be 
used  primarily  for  the  repackaging  of  the  components,  the  new  antenna  subsystem,  and  to  ensure  that  the  mobility  require- 
ments are  met.  A  total  of  six  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  are  required  to  ensure  survivability  of  DSP  data  with  today's 
threat. 
Two  MGTs  are  planned  for  procurement  in  FY  1981. 
Also  the  design  and  development  of  the  survivability  upgrades,  which  will  be  incorporated  on  satellite  H  and  beyond, 
will  start  in  FY  1981. 
Expenditures  include  the  continuation  of  the  DSP  satellite  compatibility  development  with  the 
Shuttle/Titan  III(34)D/IUS.  This  development  is  necessary  to  ensure  that  the  DSP  satellites  are  compatible  with  the  IUS 
interfaces  and  support  the  program  transition  to  a  Shuttle  launch  capability.  The  development  efforts  will  be  applied 
to  Insure  that  the  system  design  will  incorporate  launch  and  recovery  loads,  safety  requirements,  Interface  compatibility 
and  contamination  protection.  The  current  plan  for  DSP  satellite  launches  is  as  follows:  one  more  Titan  IIIC  launch, 
two  Titan  III(34)D/IUS  launches,  and  all  subsequent  launches  on  Shuttle/IUS.  Orbital  operations  data  analysis,  surviv- 
ability and  satellite  improvement  efforts  will  continue. 
ft  i
Procram  Element:   012431F 
Title:   Defense  Support  Program 
Budget  Activity:   Strategic  Programs,  #3 
3-  (U)  FY  1982  Planned  Program:  A  major  part  of  the  FY  1982  funds  will  be  applied  to  r.he  design  and  development  of  the 
satellite  14  and  beyond  survivability  upgrades-  The  components  for  satellite  14  fall  In  one  of  the  following  three 
categories:  (1)  those  that  are  the  same  as  on  previous  satellites;  (2)  those  that  require  various  levels  of  redesign  due 
to  obsolescence,  shuttle  compatibility,  etc.;  and  (3)  those  that  require  design  and  development  (primarily  the  survi- 
vability upgrades).  In  order  to  meet  the  projected  need  date  and  to  make  the  survivability  upgrades  available  as  soon  as 
possible,  the  production  program  is  planned  to  start  In  FY  1982  before  the  components  in  category  (3)  above  have  completed 
design  and  development.  This  approach  Is  considered  low  risk  because  the  category  (1)  and  (2)  components  form  the  basic 
satellite.  The  FY  1982  planned  production  program  Includes  a  block  buy  of  satellites  14-17  starting  In  FY  1982  with 
Incremental  funding  through  FY  1986.  This  programming  approach  will  save  over  $130  million  for  the  four  satellite 
procurement  over  the  business  as  usual  method  which  would  require  the  full  funding  procurement  of  one  satellite  each  in 
FY  1982,  FY  1983,  FY  1984,  and  FY  1986.  The  development  of  the  payload/Titan  III(34)D/Shuttle/Inertial  Upper  Stage 
compatibility  will  continue.  The  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  and  associated  user  interface  design  will  be  completed.  Three 
production  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  are  planned  for  procurement.  General  system  engineering/integration  will  be  continued. 
Orbital  operations  data  analysis,  survivability,  computer  software  improvements,  and  satellite  improvement  efforts  will 
continue.  The  changes  from  the  FY  1981  submission  reflect:  more  accurate  cost  data  for  the  survivability  upgrades  for 
RDT&E  and  procurement  (missile);  and  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  and  computer  replacement  reschedule  in  procurement 
(other). 
4.  (U)  FY  1983  Planned  Program:  The  satellite  survivability  upgrade  design  and  development  will  be  completed.  The 
development  of  the  payload/Titan  III(34)D/Shuttle/Inertial  Upper  Stage  compatibility  will  continue.  General  system 
engineering/integration  will  continue,  as  well  as  orbital  operations  data  analysis,  survivability,  computer  software 
Improvements  and  satellite  improvement  efforts. 
5.  (U)  Program  to  Completion:  This  is  a  continuing  program.  RDT&E  funding  will  support  continuing  satellite/system 
development  in  support  of  Department  of  Defense  requirements.  Primary  emphasis  will  be  directed  toward  eliminating  or 
minimizing  operational  employment  deficiencies,  the  use  of  the  Space  Shuttle  and/or  Titan  III(34)D/IUS  in  lieu  of  the 
Titan  IIIC,  the  development  of  a  survlvable  DSP  system  through  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  and  satellite  upgrades,  and  the 
adequacy  of  the  ground  station  data  processing  capability. 
6. 
/) 
Milestones: 
Date 
A. 
B. 
C 
D.   Delivery  of  Satellite  #5 
E. 
F.  Delivery  of  Satellite  #6 
G.  Delivery  of  Dual  Satellite  Software 
Mar  1973. 
Jul  1973 
Feb  1974 
r**.
Program  Element ;  #12431F 
II. 
I. 
J. 
K. 
L. 
M. 
N- 
0. 
P. 
Q- 
R. 
S. 
T. 
U. 
V. 
W. 
x. 
Delivery  of  Satellite  #8 
Delivery  of  Satellite  #7 
Delivery  of  Satellite  99 
Delivery  of  Simplified  Processing  Station  (SPS) 
Filler   Defense  Support  Program 
R.i.ltfet  Activity:   Strategic  Proyr 'ins ,  M 
M*y  I-))'* 
Oct  I 'J  7/. 
Mflr  D75 
Dec  1'978 
Deliver  Simplified  Processing  Station  I. ink  Status  Capability 
Retrofit  of  Titan  III(34)D/Inertial  Upper  Stage  (1US)  Compatible  Satellite  Complete 
Retrofit  of  Shuttle/IUS  Compatible  Satellite  Complete 
Completion  of  Ground  Communications  Network  Upgrade 
Completion  of  Computer  Replacement 
Satellite  #14  Delivery 
Satellite  Launches 
IQ  CY 
4Q  CY 
3Q  CY 
IQ  CY 
2q   CY 
1981 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1983 
4q  CY  1985 
As  required 
*A3
Budget    Activity:      Strategic  .Programs ,    ^3 
Program  Element:      tf  I  2^i  3 1  F ,    Defense  Support   Program 
Test   and  Evaluation  Data 
1.  </) Development  Test  and  Evaluation:  The  Defense  Support  Program  has  been  designed,  developed,  tested  and  deployed 
as  an  operational  system  In  the  early  1970' s.  The  system  is  a  classified  space  program  consisting  of  ground  control  and 
readout  stations  that  receive  data  from  satellites,  process  the  data, 
to  the  National  Command  Authorities  and  military  commanders  for  decision-making  purposes.   Development,  Test 
and  Evaluation/Initial  Operational  Test  and  Evaluation  on  the  prototype  Simplified  Processing  Station  was  completed  in 
1978.   Over  the  next  several  years  three  major  system  upgrades  will  require  Development  Test,  and  Evaluation.   They  are 
the  Sensor  Evolutionary  Development  and  Advanced  Atmospheric  Burst  Locator  upgrades,  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminals,  and 
rhp  Sat-pHfrfk  14  and  bevond  survivability  upgrades. 
These  upgrades  have  three  different  elements:  the  satellite,  the  software  modifications  and  the  ground  station  upgrade 
wtyich  Involves  replacing  the  computers.   The  sensor  portion  of  the  satellite  is  being  produced  by  Aerojet  Elf-ctroSystem.i 
Corporation  and  the  spacecraft  Is  being  produced  and  Integrated  by  TRW,  Incorporated.   Development,  Test  and  Evaluation 
will  be  performed  at  the  Aerojet  ElectroSystems  Corporation  and  TRW  facilities  prior  to  government  acceptance,  which  is 
scheduled  for  fiscal  year  1982.   The  satellites  will  then  be  stored  until  there  Is  a  launch  requirement.   The  computers 
are  being  replaced  at  all  Defense  Support  Program  locations  by  Aerojet  ElectroSystems  Corporation.   This  rep]acemen:  Is 
scheduled  to  be  completed  by  fiscal  year  1983.   Development,  Test  and  Evaluation  will  be  accomplished  on  this  replace- 
ment In  conjunction  with  acceptance  testing.   The  system  software  Is  being  modified  to  accommodate  the  Sensor  Evolution- 
ary Development  satellites  by  International  Business  Machines  Corporation.   Development,  Test  and  Evaluation  will  be 
accomplished  prior  to  turnover  to  Strategic  Air  Command  (scheduled  for  fiscal  year  1982)  who  will  Integrate  the  software 
Into  the  operational  system.   This  Initial  software  Installation  will  process  data  from  the  current  satellite  configu- 
ration.  When  the  first  Sensor  Evolutionary  Development  satellite  is  launched,  Air  Force  Systems  Command  will  accomplish 
a  system  level  Development,  Test  and  Evaluation  to  insure  that  ail  elements  of  the  system  work  together,  Including  the 
satellite,  the  ground  station  hardware  and  the  software.   The  purpose  of  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminals  Is  to  provide  sur- 
vivability to  the  Defense  Support  Program  ground  processing  and  communication  elements  through  mobility.   Thuy  will  use 
the  same  computer  hardware  and  software  as  the  Simplified  Processing  Station.   The  prime  contractor  wi,ll  be  Interna- 
tional Business  Machines  Corporation.   Development,  Test  and  Evaluation  will  be  accomplished  on  the  antenna  which  is  new 
and  at  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  system  level  to  ensure  that  the  Mobile  Ground  Terminal  can  meet  lt8  mobility  and  com- 
munication goals.   Satellite  14  and  beyond  will  include  several  survivability  upgrades  directed  by  a  Defense  System 
Acquisition  Review  Council. 
or.
Bullet  Activity:   Strategic  Programs,  'M 
Program  Element:   ^  
1  2-*  3_1  FL  Defense  Suppi-rl  Program 
Development  of  these  satellites  will  start  (n  l.tte  fiscal  year  l'*8l  and  tin-  first  will  be  Jo  1  i  vlTi-J  in  late  fiscal 
year  1985.   The  ground  station  and  software  modifications  have  not  been  defined.   T!ie  Development,  Test  and  Evaluation 
program  for  these  upgrades  will  be  very  similar  to  the.  Sensor  Evolutionary  Development  Development,  Test  and  Evaluation 
program. 
2.   ^e)   Operational  Test  and  Evaluation:   Combined  Development ,  Test  and  Evaluation  and  Initial  Operational  Test  and 
Evaluation  was  performed  on  the  Defense  Support  Program  prototype  Simplified  Processing  Station  from  26  August  1978  to 
6  November  1978  at  Vandenberg  Air  Force  Base.  California.   This  combined  test  was  then  followed  by  dedicated  Initial 
Operational  Test  and  Evaluation  Space  Division  was  respon- 
sible for  Development,  Test  and  Evaluation  while  the  Air  Force  Test  and  Evaluation  Center,  assisted  by  personnel  from 
the  Aerospace  Defense  Command  (operating  command  for  Defense  Support  Program),  managed  and  conducted  initial  Operational 
Test  and  Evaluation.   Initial  Operational  Tost  and  Evaluation  was  conducted  using  simulated  and  "real  world"  missile 
launch  events  with  prototype  Simplified  Processing  Station  hardware  and  software.   The  objectives  were  co  evaluate  the 
system's  performance  and  to  estimate  the  reliability,  availability  and  maintainability  of  an  operationally  deployed  sys- 
tem.  The  Initial  Operational  Test  and  Evaluation  report,  October  1979,  identified  three. major  deficiencies  which  would 
prevent  the  Simplified  Processing  Station  from  being  operationally  useful.   These  were: 
and  excessive  computer- 
generated  message  errur  rate  -  mission  messages  were  periodically  rejected  at.  the  data  distribution  center  because  of 
parity  error.   As  a  result,  mission  messages  were  lost. 
Phase  I  follow-on  opera  c  ional_  test  and  evaluation 
of  the  Simplified  Processing  Station  was  conducted  by  Air  Force  Test  and  Evaluation  Center 
from  7  January  1980  through  5  February  1980.  "The  purpose  of  the 
Phase  I  follow-on  oper.it  tonal  test  and  evaluation  was  to  confirm  correction  of  the  deficiencies  Identified  during  Ini- 
tial Operational  Test  and  Evaluation 
.strategic  Air  Command  will  conduct  a  JU-day  Phase  II  follow-on  operational  test  and  evaluation  in  January 
1981  to  confirm  the  effectiveness  of  this  procedure  and  to  support  the  declaration  of  an  initial  operational  capability. 
Operational  Test  and  Evaluation  for  the  Sensor  Evolutionary  Development  satellites  and  Advanced  Atmospheric  Burst  Loca- 
tor, Mobile  Ground  Terminals  and  satellite  14  and  beyond  Is  currently  being  defined. 
or5