dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
RA and C2 Electrodes Reversal By replacing VC by (VW + V2) and (VL + VF/3) by (VW -(VR/3)), we obtain: 2. 2. 6. LL and C2 Electrodes Reversal 2. 3. ECG Analysis. Our reasoning is the following: each time a 3D ECG is recorded in self-care, all potential reversal simulations shall be performed in almost real time. If the 3D ECG has been correctly recorded, the serial ECG changes between the simulated 3D ECGs and the standard reference ECG, called Δs, should be greater than the ECG changes between the recorded 3D ECG and the standard reference ECG, called Δ푟. We thus perform a serial ECG analysis between the standard 12-lead reference ECG of each patient and seven 3D ECGs, the recorded one and the 3D ECGs which are derived by applying the mathematical transformations defined in Section 2. 2 and respectively simulating the six pairwise electrode cables reversals, for each of the three datasets.
A serial beat-to-beat analysis was next performed for each patient between a typical beat from the control recording that was selected as the reference beat, and all the other typical beats from the control recording and from the recording which has been acquired during balloon inflation. us, a total of 2036 serial beat-to-beat comparisons were performed on test set C (control recordings) and 2098 on test set I (recordings performed during inflation and showing ischemia changes induced by angioplasty) for the 90 patients. is serial processing was again repeated for the six reversal simulations. Serial ECG analysis was performed with our CAVIAR program  [5, 6]  which is now available on-line at the following address: http://fr-ecg. univ-lyon1. fr/ [20]. e CAVIAR soware performs an optimal spatiotemporal comparison of two median or typical ECG beats.
Electrode Cables Reversal Detection Criteria Determination. e determination of the criteria for electrode cables reversal detection was based on the analysis of a series of CAVIAR serial measurements and of the differences between the values Δs obtained when comparing the 3D ECGs simulating a given reversal with the reference ECGs and the values Δr found with the recorded 3D ECGs, in the learning set. A ranking score of classification of the observations "ECGs with reversal" versus "recorded ECGs" was computed. A dichotomization decision tree model was then applied to extract the most performant measurements. 1: Percentage of correct classifications for each pairwise electrode cables reversal simulation and for each individual measurement in the learning set and in the two test sets, to be compared with the 100% or almost 100% accuracy obtained in the 3 datasets when combining the 4 measurements as described in the section results.
almost real time, allowing a significant reduction of false alarms. In addition, the presented method allows, in case of a reversal detection, to indicate to a self-care ECG device user which electrode cables misplacements need to be checked. e only one 10 s ECG for which the simulated LA-LL electrode cables reversal was not detected by our method is a dataset I ECG sequence recorded 5 min 20 s a er balloon inflation in the patient's proximal right coronary artery. All other simulated LA-LL reversals of all the previous and following 10 s ECG sequences from this dataset I patient were detected.
Measurement e incorrectly classified ECG sequence was extremely noisy and the visual aspect of the QRS pattern highlights changes that mimic a LA-LL electrode cables reversal, as shown in Figure  2. However, such an error is not detrimental in the case there are ischemic changes that will be detected anyway. We are convinced that the performance we obtain in this study in comparison with the previously reported results on the same topic is mainly the result of using serial ECG analysis, which is besides highly recommended by the international societies of cardiology, even for expert cardiologists. Our method still needs to be assessed on other large databases in order to evaluate its robustness and reliability. But, unfortunately, annotated and well documented serial ECG databases are not yet available, although only standard 12-lead ECGs or 3-lead ECGs (I, II, V2) are necessary.
Discussion Our study anew demonstrates the relevance of personalized medicine empowered by patient-specific data analysis algorithms aiming at enhancing the diagnostic accuracy and the detection of technical errors. All six possible pairwise electrode cables reversals were detected with our approach with an accuracy of almost 100%, thus providing the yet best reported results. Only four measurements related to the QRS and T waves were involved. ey can be computed in less than 0. 04 s per serial comparison. As an example, the total processing time for the comparison of the 2098 typical beats from dataset I with the respective control reference beats is 77 s with a standard 3 GHz PC with 4 GB memory, and it is 25 s for the 170 × 4 = 680 comparisons of the 170 original 3D ECGs from the learning set and of the 170 × 3 3D ECGs simulating the studied C2 electrode cable misplacements.
Data Availability e ECG recordings of the learning dataset used in this study are available from the authors upon request. ese ECGs have been collected within the frame of the European EPI-MEDICS studies considering this kind of reversal for which we provide in this paper unpublished new simulation formulas. Spatial orientation changes of the beginning of QRS (OCI) seem to be the most powerful measurement but nevertheless the global orientation changes of the whole QRS loop (OCQ) are complementary. Figure  3  displays an example of CAVIAR representations highlighting these types of ECG changes for two patients of the learning set recorded at their admission in the ICU (Figure  4 ) for arrhythmia (Patient (a)) and for coronary diseases (Patient (b)). We can see, Figure  3 , that the spatial QRS and T loops of the standard 12-lead reference ECG and of the 3D ECG recorded with the PEM are very well superimposed in their preferential space (U, V, W) defined by the inertia axes of the spatial waves.
IDS mutation analysis We analysed the IDS gene of twelve MPS II patients from different regions of Tunisia using PCR, RFLP-PCR, and direct sequencing methods. Clinical and identified genotypes are summarized in Tables  2  and 3. From the DNA sequencing analysis and RFLP-PCR, two novel mutations and five previously reported mutations were identified (Fig. 2 ). These included two missense mutations p. R88P (-) AccII and p. G940D (+) Cac8I, one splice site mutation c. 240 + 1G > A (-) Eco64I, one nonsense mutation p. Q396*, and one large deletion skipping the exon 1 to 7 of IDS gene, ex1_7del at position 1,307,880 (GenBank NT: 019686); the distal deletion breakpoint was located at position 1,346,697  [13]. The two unreported mutations were p. D450Nfs*95 (-) BamHI and p. Q204* (-) cac8I (Table  3 ) and were probably pathogenic according to the bioinformatic tools such as Entprise web-server, (http://cssb2.
The premature stop codon causes a deletion of the last 5 amino acids of the heavy chain which contains the catalytic core (451□455) and the entire light chain (456□550) of IDS protein (Fig. 3a ). The predicted premature stop codon could affects protein stability (www. pymol. org -PyMOL; PyMol (pdb: 5FQL)). In fact, the light chain of the IDS protein had an important role in the stability of the protein. Furthermore, the four antiparallel strands comprising the light chain are considerably longer than those of other sulfatases, and hence a greater contribution to the shape of the substrate-binding cleft comes directly from the light chain  [24]. The expected severity of this mutation was variable and consequence range from local destabilization and misfolding to global unfolding, leading to premature degradation.
In this study, the nonsense mutation p. Q204* was located on the light chain of the IDS protein, downstream of the catalytic core which contains 451-455 residues, destroys the enzyme activity and the β chain of the IDS protein (www. pymol. org -PyMOL; PyMol (pdb: 5FQL)) (Fig. 3b ). Consistent with this concept, this mutation was associated with the severe form of MPS II observed in patient P7. In this study, there was no relationship between the genotype and phenotype in these MPS II patients except for the significant correlation between the high level of urine GAGs and the severity of the disease. Further studies including a large number of cases in Tunisian population of the same age and genotype are needed in the first time, to confirm this correlation in MPS II patients and in the second time to screening of haplotyping data for the recurrent mutation because of a founder effect.
Data sets The DNN was trained on 100 million b jets from a simulated sample of tt events produced in pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV, generated at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy in perturbative QCD (pQCD) with the POWHEG v2 program  [29]. Predictions of the model were then tested on simulated events with b jets coming from a variety of physical processes in order to validate performance in all relevant kinematic regions. To this end, b jets from the decay of Higgs bosons produced in association with a Z boson, Z(→ + -)H(→ bb ), where is an electron or a muon, were generated with the MADGRAPH5 aMC@NLO generator  [30]  at NLO pQCD accuracy. Additionally, b jets from the decay of Higgs boson pairs produced either from gluon fusion or in the decay of a new, spin 0 resonance, with one Higgs boson decaying to a b quarkantiquark pair and the other to a pair of photons, H(→ bb )H(→ γγ), were generated with MADGRAPH5 aMC@NLO at leading-order accuracy in pQCD.
Results The performance of the b jet regression was evaluated by comparing the b jet energy resolution and scale (defined as the most probable value of the p gen T /p reco T distribution), before and after the energy correction, on a test sample that is statistically independent from those used for training and validation. Different physics processes were included in the test set in order to evaluate the performance of the algorithm on b jets with different kinematics. The processes employed in the test sample are: • tt: top quark-antiquark pair production (independent of the training data set), • Z(→ + -)H(→ bb ): associated production of a Higgs boson with a Z boson, where the Z boson decays to a pair of same-flavor, opposite-charge electrons or muons, and the Higgs boson decays to bb, • H(→ bb )H(→ γγ): double Higgs boson produced via gluon fusion with one Higgs boson decaying to bb, and the other to a pair of photons, assuming both standard model (SM) and beyond SM kinematics.
An improvement of about 20% is observed in the resolution of the invariant mass of b jet pairs resulting from the decay of a Higgs boson produced in association with a Z boson. The resolution estimator is further shown to predict the resolution of b jets with an accuracy of 20% over a p T range between 30 and 350 GeV. Events containing a dilepton decay of a Z boson produced in association with a b jet are used to validate the performance of the algorithm on proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector. The jet energy resolution improvement observed in data is consistent with that found in simulation. The results described here are being used by the CMS Collaboration in several physics analyses targeting final states containing b jets, including the observation of the Higgs boson decay to bb  [13].
Computational details The DFT calculations  [24, 25]  were carried out using a numerical atomic orbitals approach, which was developed for efficient calculations in large systems and implemented in the Siesta code  [26, 27]. We have used the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to DFT and, in particular, the functional of Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof  [28]. Only the valence electrons are considered in the calculation, with the core being replaced by norm-conserving scalar relativistic pseudopotentials  [29]  factorized in the Kleinman-Bylander form  [30]. The non-linear corevalence exchange-correlation scheme  [31]  was used for all elements. We have used a split-valence double-ζ basis set including polarization functions  [32]. The energy cutoff of the real space integration mesh was 350 Ry.
Acknowledments This work was supported by  Spanish MINECO (the Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence Program  under Grants No. SEV-2017-0706  and  SEV-2015-0496 ),  Spanish MICIU ,  AEI  and  EU FEDER  (Grants No. PGC2018-096955-B-C43  and No. PGC2018-096955-B-C44 ),  Generalitat de Catalunya  (Grant No. 2017SGR1506  and the  CERCA Programme) , and the  European Union MaX Center of Excellence  ( EU-H2020 Grant No. 824143 ). We thank  C. Bourbonnais ,  P. Foury-Leylekian ,  S. Tomic  and  W. Kang  for useful discussions.
We also performed Autonomic CardioVascular Testing (ACVT) to assess the autonomic nervous system. However, data comparing the diagnostic value of these methods for the diagnosis of SFN are scarce, and there is currently no consensus on the type and number of tests to be performed. While some authors have suggested that two abnormal tests are necessary to confirm the diagnosis of SFN, these criteria take into account only a few tests (skin biopsy and QST in the very first criteria published by Devigili et al. , skin biopsy, QST and Q-Sweat for Thaisethawattkul et al. ). Tesfaye et al. proposed criteria for diabetic SFN (NEURODIAB criteria) with different levels of probability including probable SFN (with clinical criteria associating lengthdependant symptoms, clinical signs of small fiber and normality of nerve conduction on the sural nerve) and definite SNF (requiring an abnormal IENFD and/or an abnormal QST at the foot)  (15).
Causes The distribution of underlying causes in patients with SFN in our cohort is consistent with some published data  (22, 31). Indeed, the dominant causes are diabetes, glucose intolerance and Sjogren's syndrome as well as other dysimmune causes (the slightly higher prevalence of these causes in our cohort can be explained by the fact that some patients were recruited by the Internal Medicine Department). However, a more recent study in 2018 showed a high prevalence of sodium channelopathies by mutation of the SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A genes (which accounted for 16. 8% of the causes found in 921 patients)  (32). This result is not reflected in our cohort because the search for channelopathy was not systematically part of the SFN recommended aetiological assessment at that time. In our study, etiological investigations were performed once the diagnosis of SFN was made.
Real-Time PCR Analysis Real-time PCR (Stratagene mx3005p Real time PCR System) was used to analyze transcripts levels of HPRT, HIF-1α, and IRF-5. Total RNA was insolated using RNeasy (Qiagen) to perform real-time RT-PCR. cDNA was prepared using 500 ng of total RNA using High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Bio Rad). Real time PCR was performed using standard cycle of amplification. All PCRs were carried out with the Stratagene mx3000p real-time PCR system. Irf5, Hprt, and Hif1a were amplified using primers as previously described  (9, 14). Data were normalized to HPRT and expressed as fold increase to naive controls.
(B,D,E,F ) ( * ) P < 0. 05; ( * * * * ) P < 0. 0001, twotailed Mann-Whitney test. Data from three or more independent experiments are combined and immunofluorescence intensities are normalized to siCtrl. intersect with R-loop hotspots after RTEL1 and Poldip3 deficiency, we assessed three genomic regions in more detail using the DNA-RNA immunoprecipitation (DRIP) assay. We focused on CFSs (represented by FRA3B and FRA16D) and other likely R-loop-prone loci in the genome; namely, telomeric repeats (represented by 22q), repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) regions, and highly transcribed genes (GAPDH and ActB). Indeed, we found that both RTEL1 and Poldip3 depletion increased the Rloop accumulation at all the above-mentioned genomic regions, but not at a control region (Rag1), as judged by the increased pull-down of these DNA regions with the S9.
Acknowledgments We thank  Professor Karlene Cimprich  for kindly providing U2OS-RNase HB-GFP cells. The work was funded by grants from the  Karolinska Institutet , the  Alfred Benzon's Foundation , the  Swedish Cancer Society  ( 170176 ), the  Swedish Research Council  ( VR-MH 2014-46602-117891-30 ), the  Strategic Research Program in Cancer at Karolinska Institutet  (2201), the  Novo Nordisk Foundation  ( 16854 ), the  Danish Cancer Society  ( R1123-A7785-15-S2 ), the  Danish Council for Independent Research  ( DFF-7016-00313 ), the  Danish National Research Foundation  (project  CARD , no. DNRF125 ), and the  Lundbeck Foundation  ( R266-2017-4289 ). Work in the  Londono-Vallejo laboratory  was supported by grants from  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  NR ( ANR-14-CE10-0006 ) and  Fondation ARC pour la Recherche contre le Cancer.
Calcified Deposition Evaluated by Von Kossa Staining Cells were fixed with 10% formalin for 30 min at room temperature and washed with ddH 2 O thrice, followed by incubation with 5% silver nitrate for 30 min at room temperature. Next, the cells were exposed to UV light for 2 h or overnight until color development was complete. The silver nitrate solution was then aspirated out, and the cells were washed with ddH 2 O. Finally, images were captured under a microscope (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany), and the results were quantified using Image Pro Plus 6. 0 software to calculate the average staining density of calcium nodules  (Kwon et al. , 2016; Wan Hasan et al. , 2020).
Statistical Analysis All measurement data are shown as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed with the SPSS 21. 0 software (IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago, IL, United States), with p < 0. 05 serving as the level of statistical significance. Data comparison between two groups was performed using unpaired t test, and data among multiple groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's post-hoc test.
, 2017a)  identified a positive correlation between lowered OGT activity and NRF2 activation in several gene expression datasets of human tumors, while NRF2 in turn has been found to be activated in response to oxidative stress and repressed by KEAP1. Furthermore, the in vitro findings of our study were also validated by in vivo experimentation, which highlighted that OGT repressed autophagy through the KEAP1/NRF2 axis and accelerated high phosphateinduced VC in 5/6 Nx rats. More intriguingly, Klotho and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) axis is known to be trivial to the development of complications of the CKD including VC, where inhibition of FGF23 signaling and/or OGT/O-GlcNAc has been found to reverse the elevated O-GlcNAc modification of proteins, downstream activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, and release of interleukin-6  (Krick et al.
Up to now, the use of Kalinox has not been investigated in coronary interventions with a rarity of data exploring its use during cardioversion  [10]. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy on pain and RAS of inhalation sedation by 50% nitrous oxide/oxygen premix (Kalinox) in comparison with opioid analgesia during transradial procedures. In addition, the secondary objective was to assess the predictors of RAS and pain after PCI.
If required, another administration of nicardipine was added. A 0. 038 inch guidewire was used (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA). The procedure time was calculated as the time from local anesthesia to the removal of the sheath. Postprocedural hemostasis was achieved by placing of a wrist clamp device (TR Band, Terumo, Tokio, Japan). All participants gave their informed written consent for the recording of their data in an anonymized database before the procedure. The study was approved by the University of Strasbourg bioethics committee (reference number: CE-2020-49). The study protocol conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki.
Subject Materials science Specific subject area Materials Science (General) and Instrumentation Type of data The data was been collected in a laboratory condition. A 200 mW monochromatic laser was been utilized to create a thermo-optical flux emission source ( λ = 650 mm). The laser was been used to the measure the optical reflectance, transmittance and absorbance coefficients of translucent material. Two Peltier plates (heat sources) were used for the thermal conductivity measurement; two thermocouples (K type) for surfaces temperature measurement and finally three photodiodes (PINs) for optical fluxes measurement.
Value of the Data • The data shows the result of the experiment of a new thermo-optical translucent material measuring device. • The data also show calibrations tests values of two specific measuring sensors: photodiode PIN (the photodiode transformation into a fluxmeter) and thermocouple (K type) • Building engineering Researchers, as well as building materials and experimentation experts in materials construction, can benefit the database to have complementary information about the thermo-optical characteristics of polycarbonate. • The data can be used as a reference for the validation of other similar measurement devices.
Data Description This paper reports raw and analysed data realized by Fakra et al. [1]  on the experimentation of a new device for measuring the thermo-optical properties of polycarbonate material. A calibration of photodiodes PIN was conducted in order to use them as sensors flux (i. e. fluxmeter). The data related the calibration process to establish the linearity (from a constant coefficient  value) between a reference fluxmeter and the voltage delivered by the photodiodes PIN (see  [1]  ). Then, the data related to the thermocouple calibration compared to a reference calibrator system (EUROLEC thermostat model CECS3) reported in Fig. 1. Finally, the measurement of the thermal conductivity coefficient was conducted on a reference Polycarbonate sample (see Table  1  ). For this purpose, two Peltier plates were used as heat sources (one of the Peltier plate representing the hot source and the other the cold source).
Data acquisition methods During the experiment the laser intensity varies from 5 mW every 2 mn. Each measurement is carried out in a duration of 30 s. All the measurements databases (i. e. the tension delivered by the photodiodes in one hand and the thermal flux of the reference fluxmeter in the other hand) obtained as a result of the experimentation are instantaneously and simultaneously collected by the datalogger then exploited in Excel table. The data related to this calibration is reported in ''data_1. xlsx'' file. The calibration results are shown in  [1]  , and the value of the adjustments coefficient of the photodiode (i. e. K = 2671) is calculated from the measurements. K indicates the linear relation between the voltage of the photodiode PINs and the flux given by a reference fluxmeter.
Finally, three database types were given in this work: the first database (i. e. data_1. xlsx ) concerns the calibration measurement values of the photodiodes PINs which will be used as a fluxmeter in experimentation to characterize the optical parameters of the construction material, the second database (i. e. data_2. xlsx ) provides the experimental adjustment (i. e. calibration) values of the type k thermocouple which will also be used in the measurement of the thermal conductivity of the used material and finally, the last database (i. e. data_3. xlsx ) gathers the measured values which aids in the characterization of the thermal conductivity constant of the studied polycarbonate.