dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
(2015) , who estimated that birds may have received total dose rates between from less than 1 up to ca 100 pGy h-1 in 2011, the higher bound decreasing to about 60 pGy h-1 three years after the accident. Part of these values exceed indeed the ICRP DCRL value for birds (4-42 gGy h-1; ICRP 2008) and were estimated by the authors for 90% of the studied species within the range of dose rates the ICRP considered as impairing the reproductive success of such animais (42-420 gGy h-1). This convergence contributes to build a weight of evidence in favor of a link between the number of birds and their exposure to ionizing radiation, at the level of dose rates calculated by  Garnier-Laplace et al. (2015). However this link is really complex and depends on various circumstances because the quantification made of dose-effects relationship is done on the used dataset and the global GLMM we implemented.
The first quality-control of the data used was established by the FASSET and ERICA consortia (see  Copplestone et al. , 2008) , which additionally published the multi-step data treatment process and associated criteria for data selection  (Garnier-Laplace et al. , 2006, 2010, for ERICA and PROTECT respectively). One may consider "this is in no way sufficient" as judged by J. Smith, but FREDERICA is today considered as the reference database gathering validated inputs by a suite of consortia (FASSET, ERICA, PROTECT and more recently EMRAS-II). In  Garnier-Laplace et al. (2008) , the multiple criteria adopted to select data resulted in a "CEZ chronic effets data set" quite small but documented enough for assisting the comparison of radiosensitivity variation among species and endpoints in the laboratory and in the field.
Background To encourage successful aging, the psychological domain must not be neglected. As depression, one of the most common psychiatric disorders in PLHIV, has negative impact on both mental and physical health, the prevalence and the factors associated with the presence of severe depressive symptoms in older PLHIV living in West Africa need to be well understood. Methods Data from PLHIV aged ≥50 years old and on ART since ≥6 months were collected in three clinics (two in Côte d'Ivoire, one in Senegal) participating to the West Africa International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) collaboration. The severity of the depressive symptoms was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) and associated factors were identi ed using logistic regression.
Study design This study is a part of an ancillary study project within the West Africa network of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) of the US National Institutes of Health (https://www. iedea. org/regions/west-africa/). (  14 ) This study was conducted in two different countries, in three urban clinics with a large case load of PLHIV and selected by convenience: the infectious and tropical disease department of the Treichville University Hospital, and the referral public clinic (CePReF) in Yopougon Attié Hospital (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire) and the infectious and tropical disease department of the Fann University Hospital (Dakar, Senegal). The inclusion period of the study occurred between February 2016 to November 2017. This analysis is based on the baseline data of a 2-year longitudinal study evaluating different aspects of aging with HIV (cognition, physical function, depression and frailty) with a follow-up still ongoing.
Severity of depressive symptoms The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), a 20-item self-report scale assessing the occurrence of depressive symptoms during the past week using a 4-point lickert scale. (15)  Due to variability in patients' literacy, each item was read aloud by a trained doctor or nurse. A translation of items in the national language other than French was used if necessary. The CES-D has already been validated among a variety of populations in both high and resource-limited settings. (15) (16) (17)  Other covariates Data were collected through basic questions and medical examination. Patients' sociodemographic characteristics as age, gender, level of education, marital status and professional activity were recorded.
As the expression of depression could be different between females and males, we identi ed which symptoms were signi cantly the most reported according to gender, using Chi-2 tests. The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms was reported and factors associated with the presence of severe depressive symptoms were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. Before conducting logistic regression analyses, a multivariable Random Forest imputation of missing data was performed. As no signi cant difference was observed between the two databases (with and without missing data), we used the database with imputed missing data for these analyses. In the multivariable regression model, we included all variables associated with the dependent variable with a p-value ≤ 0. 2 in univariable analyses. The "inclusion centers" variable was included as a cofounder in each model.
Funding Supported by the  National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ,  National Cancer Institute (NCI) , the  Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)  and the  National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the U. S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) , as part of the  International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)  under Award Number  U01AI069919. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the o cial views of the National Institutes of Health.
The data acquisition unit recorded the deformation every 0. 001 s, while the hydraulic press recorded the stress evolution and the compression displacement every 0. 1 s. The plot of the stress-displacement curve was made directly from the data recorded by the hydraulic press. For the plot of the stress-strain curve, the data recorded in the data acquisition unit were filtered to retain only the deformations corresponding to 0. 1 s to match the stresses of the press.
modulus values were determined only for concretes made with 50% and with 100% of river sand. An hydraulic press with a capacity of 3000 kN and a travel speed of 0. 5 MPa/s was used for the compression test, according to the standard NF EN 12390-3. The concrete specimens were carefully surfaced with sulfur and were instrumented by a set of four strain gauges placed on the lateral surface and at the mid-height of the specimen, two of which were placed longitudinally, two of which were placed horizontally, and two of which were diametrically opposite, as shown in Figure  5. The data acquisition unit recorded the deformation every 0. 001 s, while the hydraulic press recorded the stress evolution and the compression displacement every 0. 1 s. The plot of the stress-displacement curve was made directly from the data recorded by the hydraulic press.
Boron Isotope Systematics of Olivine and Serpentine Boron isotope ratios and concentrations were measured by SIMS at the Edinburgh Ion Microprobe Facility. Matrix-matched standards including serpentine and olivine with known B isotope compositions were used for calibration. Typical uncertainty for B isotope analyses is ±1. 6 ‰ (1s). Further analytical details and the complete dataset can be found in the Supplementary Information. Olivine and serpentine show high δ 11 B (þ6 to þ28 ‰) in all samples (Fig. 2 ). Minor phases present in some samples include pyroxene, chlorite and clinohumite. Clinohumite has similar  [B]  as olivine (4. 8 to 6. 5 μg/g), but very low modal abundance. Pyroxene and chlorite have low [B] (<2 μg/g) compared to olivine and serpentine and can be ignored for the overall B budget.
On average, Monviso metamorphic olivine shows lower δ 11 B and higher [B] (δ 11 B = þ8 to þ14 ‰, [B] ∼16 μg/g) than co-existing serpentine (δ 11 B = þ18 to þ21 ‰, [B] ∼6 μg/g). Erro-Tobbio olivine has slightly higher δ 11 B and [B] (δ 11 B þ18 to þ20 ‰, [B] ∼11 μg/g) than co-existing serpentine (δ 11 B þ16 to þ17 ‰, [B] ∼10 μg/g). Zermatt olivine shows a wide range of δ 11 B (þ16 to þ28 ‰) and is higher on average than serpentine (δ 11 B = þ6 to þ21 ‰), but lower [B] (∼4 μg/g) in olivine compared to serpentine (∼8 μg/g). The Val d'Aosta sample has higher  [B]  in olivine vs. serpentine (22 vs. 10 μg/g) but somewhat lower δ 11 B (þ17 to þ19 ‰ in olivine, þ16 to þ21 ‰ in serpentine). The most striking aspect of our dataset is the large variation in B isotope fractionation between olivine and serpentine (Δ 11 B ol-srp ; δ 11 B ol -δ 11 B srp of co-existing olivine and serpentine), which shows that olivine is often not in isotopic equilibrium with serpentine, despite being its daughter product.
Our dataset also shows a clear covariation between Δ 11 B ol-srp and B-enrichment in olivine  ([B]  ol/srp : [B] ol /[B] srp ): Zermatt metamorphic olivine is depleted in B compared to co-existing serpentine but has heavier δ 11 B (Fig. 3 ). Monviso and Val d'Aosta olivine, however, is enriched in B compared to the co-existing serpentine but has lower δ 11 B. Erro-Tobbio olivine lies between these two extremes with roughly similar [B] and δ 11 B in olivine and serpentine. As the measured olivine is metamorphic and grew upon serpentinite dehydration, protolith composition and heterogeneity have no bearing on [B] ol/srp and Δ 11 B ol-srp , therefore processes operating during olivine growth are needed to explain these observations.
Major element analyses Major element analyses were conducted by EPMA using the Cameca SX-100 at the University of Edinburgh using thin sections prepared from the hand specimens. Sections were carbon coated before analysis. Analytical set up (counting times, beam current, spot size) was tailored to each phase individually, here is a summary. Spot size varied from 2 to 8 µm depending on phase (defocussed spot for hydrous phases), accelerating voltage was set at 15 kV. Beam current varied from 2 to 100 nA depending on phase and element, with higher current used for minor elements, which were analysed subsequently to the major elements. Peak counting times varied from 20 to 120 s and background counting times varied from 10 to 100 s. Data were calibrated using certified mineral standards. Fluid Mobile Element concentration analyses B, Li, F, Cl and H2O data were obtained by SIMS using the Cameca IMS-4f ion microprobe at the NERC IMF at the University of Edinburgh.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank  Lukas Baumgartner  for his generous help during field work,  Marco Scambelluri  and  Tatsuki Tsujimori  for constructive reviews,  Horst Marschall  for editorial handling,  Samuele Agostini ,  Ray Burgess  and  Katy Evans  for helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript, and the  NERC 'Deep Volatiles' consortium  ( NE/M000427/1 ),  NERC-IMF  ( IMF571/1015 ;  IMF595/0516 ) and E3-DTP for funding. Editor:  Horst R. Marschall.
Which patient populations should be screened? NAFLD/NASH induce non-specific and generally prevalent symptoms  [36, 37] ; a large proportion of cases may be asymptomatic until patients develop decompensated cirrhosis  [38] [39] [40]. Screening is therefore essential to ensure that patients, particularly those with advanced fibrosis (F3-F4), are identified and linked to care. Current guidelines do not recommend widespread or community screening, mainly due to the perceived associated direct and indirect medical costs  [31, 32, 41]. However, some national and international initiatives (ETHON project, Spain  [42] ; international LiverScreen project [NCT03789825]) are currently investigating the effectiveness of screening the general population for significant liver disease, considering evidence that this may be a cost-effective strategy.
Acknowledgements We are grateful to  Keith Rushforth  and the  Cupressus Conservation Project  for their kind help on de Ferré's literature and the type specimen, to  John McNeill  for valuable suggestions and language editing and to  Xiangyun Zhu  for useful discussions. We also thank  Michael Calonje  and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable suggestions. Images of the specimens of Juniperus pingii W. C. Cheng were obtained from the  Chinese Virtual Herbarium (CVH , http://www. cvh. ac. cn/). This work was supported by the  National Natural Science Foundation of China  [ 31970205& 31770211 ].
Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) triggered by pregnancy is a rare disease caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway that occurs in approximately 1 in 25,000 pregnancies. The 311 phase 3 trial (NCT02949128) showed that ravulizumab, a long-acting C5 inhibitor obtained through selective modi cations to eculizumab, is e cacious in inhibiting complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in patients with aHUS. In this analysis, we report outcomes in a subgroup of patients from the 311 study who developed TMA postpartum. Methods: This was a phase 3, multicenter trial evaluating e cacy and safety of ravulizumab in adults (≥18 years of age) with aHUS naïve to complement inhibitor treatment. The primary endpoint was complete TMA response (simultaneous platelet count normalization [≥150 x 10 9 /L], lactate dehydrogenase normalization [≤246 U/L] and 25% improvement in serum creatinine) through the 183-day initial evaluation period.
Trial oversight and study design The 311 clinical trial (NCT02949128) is a phase 3, single arm, multicenter study designed to evaluate the e cacy and safety of ravulizumab administered by intravenous (IV) infusion to adults with aHUS naïve to complement inhibitor treatment. Patients from the trial included in this analysis were ≥18 years of age and weighed ≥40 kg with active TMA (thrombocytopenia, evidence of hemolysis and kidney dysfunction) at postpartum. All patients included in this analysis had evidence of TMA lasting for ≥3 days. Patients could meet the platelet and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) criteria (<150 x10 9 and ≥1. 5 x upper limit of normal, respectively) based on results from local laboratories, but the serum creatinine criteria (≥ upper limit of normal) must have been con rmed by the central laboratory at baseline.
Additional data on the events prior to TMA are detailed in Supplementary Table  1. All patients completed the 183-day initial evaluation period with no study or drug discontinuations. a Baseline values may be after PE/PI in some patients. b eGFR in patients on dialysis was set to 10 mL/min/1. 73 m 2 , and eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. Data displayed as n (%) unless otherwise stated. ADAMTS13 a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13, aHUS atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, CFB complement factor B, CFH complement factor H, eGFR estimated glomerular ltration rate, HGB hemoglobin, ICU intensive care unit, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, PE plasma exchange, PI plasma infusion, TMA thrombotic microangiopathy.
5% and 37. 5%, respectively). The current subgroup did not show a preponderance of any type of safety signal. In the full 311 cohort the most common AEs were headache, diarrhea, and vomiting  [24] , while headache and pyrexia were the most common in this subgroup. No patients died or contracted a meningococcal infection. This study has limitations that must be noted. aHUS is an ultra-rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 4. 9 per million and annual incidence rate between 0. 23-1. 9 per million  [27]. As postpartum patients account for only around 4% of diagnosed cases of aHUS  [3] , there is not a large enough pool of complement inhibitor-naïve patients presenting postpartum to conduct a placebo-controlled trial. Currently this sub-analysis is the largest postpartum dataset utilized in a prospective study of patients with aHUS; no comparator or control group was utilized for the full 311 cohort, meaning that conclusions drawn from this subanalysis must be interpreted with caution.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all study sites, investigators and patients who took part in this study. The authors would also like to thank:  Rui-Ru Ji  ( Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. ), who conducted the genetic analysis for this study; and  Dr Åsa Lommelé, PhD  and  Dr Peter Chen, PhD  ( Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. ) for their critical review of the manuscript. Medical writing support, funded by  Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Boston, MA, was provided by  Leia Silvagnoli-Compston ,  MSc , and  Ciaran Wright, PhD of Bioscript , Maccles eld, UK.
National authorized pesticides used in agriculture are one hot spot issue to human health especially for those working in the field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the health problems of authorized pesticides. Risk assessment was evaluated by 1) Toxicological classification of the WHO, and 2) Bio-Pesticides Database (BPDB) and Pesticide Properties Data Base (PPDB). The 2015 Algerian index of phytosanitary products used in agriculture includes 173 active ingredients (IAs) belonging to 83 chemical groups represented by 757 commercial formulations (CF) categorized into: 36% fungicides, 29% insecticides and 22% herbicides. One-third of the AIs are not approved according to EC 91/414 directive. Otherwise, only 3% and 6% of AIs are classified as extremely and highly hazardous respectively.
There is, however, an anti-poison control center which can provide data on acute poisonings and their causes. We might believe that authorized pesticides are safe or less risky, but without extensive long-term studies and irrefutable evidence nothing is guaranteed. According to  Gilden et al. (2010) , even in a developed country like the United States, where all pesticides must be strictly registered with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), the scientific report on the potential risk of pesticides to health due to the exposure is not required. On 2015, globally, based on recent big databases "FAOSTAT (2020)", about 4. 113. 513 tons (t) of pesticides were used in agriculture and during the same year, China and the United States were the most consuming countries with1.
772. 421 and 407. 779 t of this agrochemicals respectively  (FAOSTAT 2020). According to the FAOSTAT data (http://www. fao. org/faostat/en / # data), during the same year, Algeria imported 17. 566. 404 t of pesticides of all types (for agricultural and non-agricultural uses) the equivalent of 108,603. 74*103 US $ of which only 237 t (1. 34%) were dangerous compounds while the quantity of pesticides imported for agricultural use was about 4517 t, of which 1740 t (39%), 323 t (7%) and 206 t (≈ 5%) were fungicides-bactericides, insecticides and herbicides, respectively. Bravo et al. (2011)  had reported that import and export data of pesticides are a good indicator of usage trends and an informative source of assessing hazards but unfortunately, in Algeria's case, only the total imported quantities of pesticides listed by their biological activities were reported.
Therefore, in the absence of data and national databases on the total quantities of imported active ingredients as well as the total use of pesticides per year, by type of agricultural production and by area, the assessment of all types of risk will be difficult at regional and national levels. The main goal of this study is a first assessment of the human health risks of all synthetic biological pesticides for agricultural use authorized in Algeria (appearing in the 2015 index of phytosanitary products used in agriculture) through the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) and Bio-Pesticides Database(BPDB) in order to: i) Define actions at the legislative level, ii) Prioritization of lower risk active ingredients to use, iii) Raise users' awareness of their own health by adopting good phytosanitary practices (use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)).
Secondly, AIs from first data analysis will be classified according to their hazardous potential for human health based on WHO international environmental guidelines (WHO 2010), as Extremely hazardous (Ia); Highly hazardous (Ib); Moderately hazardous (II); Slightly hazardous (III); Unlikely to present acute hazard in normal use (U); Not Listed/Obsolete as pesticide (NL/O) or Fumigant, not classified (FM). Also, two databases: the pesticide properties database (PPDB)(https://sitem. herts. ac. uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index. htm) and the biopesticide database (BPDB)(https://sitem. herts. ac. uk/aeru/bpdb/index. htm) will be used to: i) classify these AIs according to the chemical groups to which they belong, ii) determine their regulatory status at European level according to Council Directive EC 91/414 of 15 July 1991 relating to the placing of plant protection products on the market, and iii) classify the AIs according to the specific human health issues they can cause : carcinogens, mutagens, endocrine disruptors, reproduction / development effect, cholinesterase inhibitors, neurotoxicants, respiratory tract irritants, skin irritants, skin sensitizers, eye irritants.
It should be noted that only AIs marked with "Yes, known to cause a problem" by the used databases have been classified. Not taken into account in the classification the mentions: "Possibly, status not identified" or / and "No data found". Noting that, around 2016, the PPDB holds data for nearly 2300 pesticides active ingredients, which 300 parameters for each was stored, covering, among other things, human health risks assessment  (Lewis et al. 2016). Finally, we will take a concrete example of pesticides use by focusing on the most declared AIs by farmers practicing intensive agricultural system (market gardening under plastic greenhouses) or by sellers of phytosanitary products in the Biskra region where several studies on the use of pesticides followed by publications were carried out over a decade  (between 2008 and 2018).
According to diseases and health disorders caused First of all, we note that several AIs can cause several health problems at the same time. According to the databases, we can indicate that 47% and 37% of the 173 IAs can cause eye and skin irritation respectively while the respiratory tract irritation (inhalation exposure) and skin sensitizers are caused by 30 % of AIs each. Still according to the data analysis of the databases, we found that 32 % of AIs can cause reproductive and/or development problem effects in humans. Also, IAs which can be neurotoxic, cholinesterase inhibitors and endocrine disruptors hold 13, 10 and 8% respectively. However, only 5% and almost 3% of AIs are carcinogenic and mutagenic, respectively. Moreover, 82% of cholinesterase inhibitors AIs belonging to organophosphates group (mostly insecticides and nematicides) and carbamates (insecticides and molluscicides).
Blinding Blinding the study of SVS and procedure is not possible because all patients will be SVS+ and technical aspects of mechanical thrombectomy will be on the images. However, to avoid bias in study results, two imaging core labs will be determined: one for procedure related data and one for neuroimaging secondary end-points. In addition, the modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days will be assessed by trained research nurses unaware of the study group assignments.
Data management Data collection for each person participating in the research will be performed with an electronic case report form (eCRF). The trial will be monitored by a Data Review Committee (DRC) which will be responsible for reviewing the data of the clinical trial for the duration of the study and undertake to take part and observe data confidentiality. The members of the DRC will be selected collectively by the coordinator and the sponsor. Duration of the trial Each patient will be followed for at least 3 months after mechanical thrombectomy. We plan a 12-month recruitment phase. The study should be completed within 15 months including analysis.