dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Coagulation parameters Platelet count was investigated in 4 out of the 8 studies (EIIC, EIIC-RT, NUSPEC, BITE). At the end of the study period, there were no differences between the Active and control groups for this parameter in all 4 studies (data not shown). In the BITE study, platelet count was significantly lower in the active group vs control group at week 13, but values remained within reference ranges. This difference disappeared at the end of the study (week 52). The results of the coagulation analyses are presented, per parameter, in Figs. 1e3. Forest plot representing changes from baseline for each study at indicated time point for the AST population. The consumption of products containing n-3 LC-PUFAs was not associated with a significant change in PT value at the end of the study period and there was no difference between study groups, whatever the clinical trial considered (Fig.
Accordingly, determinants of hypertension were analyzed in 1750 patients with available ECW measurement, and determinants of uncontrolled hypertension were analyzed in 1544 hypertensive patients among them (Figure  1 ). Determinants of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension among hypertensive patients were analyzed in 1355 patients who also had a known resistance status (ie, after exclusion of patients with uncontrolled hypertension and <3 drugs or at least 3 drugs without a diuretic, because these could not  be classified as resistant or not). A secondary analysis of the determinants of resistant hypertension was performed in the total population of hypertensive patients. Finally, in sensitivity analyses, we performed multiple imputations of our data set (n=5 imputed data set; fully conditional specification using all covariates, including outcomes; maximum, 100 iterations) using all covariates in Table  1  and dependent variables, performed final models on each complete data set, and finally combined the estimated ORs using Rubin's rules.
The NephroTest chronic kidney disease cohort study is supported by the following grants:  INSERM GIS-IReSP  AO  8113LS   TGIR ,  French Ministry of Health   AOM 09114 ,  INSERM AO 8022LS ,  Agence de la Biom  edecine  R0 8156LL ,  AURA  and  Roche 2009-152-447G. Hôpitaux Paris Nord Val de Seine  provided financial support for publication fees.
In addition to assessing gas exchange, some athletes voluntarily requested blood-lactate concentration to be assessed to implement their training plan. Data from gas exchanges and blood-lactate concentrations can be used to define a metabolic approach to improve training. To assess blood-lactate, 2 mL of blood was taken using an antecubital venous catheter. The volume of 2 mL was fixed according to that specified by the ABL 800 Flex Apparatus (Radiometer Copenhagen). Blood sampling to assess lactate concentration was requested by the subjects. All the subjects gave their written informed consent to use some of the sampled blood to assess plasma IsoPs concentrations. After completing assessment of blood-lactate concentrations (i. e. , at MAP and at 30 min after exercise), the remainder of the sample was centrifuged and the plasma aliquoted and frozen at À80 C until assessment of IsoPs.
Peak detection, integration and quantitative analyses were performed using Mass Hunter Quantitative analysis software (Agilent Technologies, USA). Several IsoPs stereoisomers have been derived from lipids, but the F 2 -IsoPs isomers originating from arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) are recognized as the reference biomarker for lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress  [10, 20]. Although some F 2 -IsoPs isomers are much more abundant than others, we tested several isomers to provide an integrated picture of lipid peroxidation (as recommended)  [13]. We focused on detecting IsoPs production that involved 5-F 2 t-IsoP, 5-epi-5-F 2 t-IsoP, 15-F 2t -IsoP and 15-epi-F 2 t-IsoP isomer concentrations within the plasma.
Anthropometric data and functional performance of the subjects Data linked to anthropometric and functional-performance statuses are listed in Table  1. According to these parameters, young and older athletes were characterized according to fitness status. The anthropometrics were lower than those usually reported for the age-paired general population. Young and older athletes were paired for their age-related fitness levels, according to a cardiorespiratory fitness ( _ VO 2 max) level that was 150% of the predicted value for the corresponding age category. Relative age-category fitness did not differ between the young and older athletes. The corresponding power (MAP) was also higher than predicted and older athletes had a MAP that was higher than the young athletes. _ VO 2 max (in mL. min À1.
Hypotheses and Methods These observations suggested that renal phosphate loss was due to excessive FGF23 secretion. Therefore, we conducted molecular genetic analysis to detect mutations affecting FGF23, PHEX, and DMP1 genes. PolyPhen-2 (available at: http://genetics. bwh. harvard. edu/pph2/, 15/06/2017) and SIFT (available at: http:// sift. jcvi. org/, 15/06/2017) software was used to predict in silico whether an amino acid substitution would affect protein function. Informed consent was obtained from the patient and both parents to perform DNA analyses and to collect clinical and biochemical data. Moreover, the simultaneous fluctuations of FGF23 and phosphate levels supported the hypothesis that intermittent determinants, for example, drugs, would be involved. Considering in vitro and animal studies suggesting that iron deficiency can increase FGF23 levels, the contribution of iron chelators in renal loss of phosphate has been hypothesized.
Existing data indicate acceptable reproducibility in healthy subjects; however only few data have been reported in critically ill patients  [16]. US is known to be operator-dependent and measurements may be biased by variability in muscle compression, in site selection or in image analysis  [17]. Two main measurement sites have been described in the literature: either at midpoint or at two-thirds of the length between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the upper pole of the patella. No consensus has been made over the optimal protocol to assess quadriceps femoris muscle mass. Our main hypothesis is that US is a reliable tool to assess muscle wasting in critically ill patients. The primary objective of this study is to assess the overall intra-and inter-observer reliability of quadriceps muscle thickness measured with ultrasound in a general population of critically ill patients; and more specifically, in two distinct measurement sites.
Study design and population This observational monocentric study was conducted in the surgical critical care unit of Saint-Antoine University Hospital in Paris, France and complied with published STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines  [18]. The access to health information was approved by an ethics committee (Committee for the Protection of "Human Subjects in Biomedical Research" -Paris Ile de France VI Pitié-Salpêtrière -10/07/2014) and by the French Data Protection Committee ("Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés" -#1771144) who waived the need for individual consent according to the French law at the time of the study. We included patients (1) over 18 years old admitted to the ICU, (2) expected to stay more than 7 days and (3) who received a muscular ultrasound evaluation as part of their usual care.
Data collection For this observational study, were collected general patient characteristics, ICU outcomes, risk factors associated with MW previously reported in the literature  [21]  and nutritional data: gender, weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II) score, length of the ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of renal replacement therapy, vasopressor administration, neuromuscular blocking agent administration, sedation time, daily caloric intake (expressed in kcal/day), daily protein intake (expressed in g/kg/day) and the assessment by US of the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness conducted by two observers. The muscle loss during the first week was obtained by calculating the difference between measurements made on D7 and D1.
Participants and data collection All delivery records during the study period were reviewed. Eligible for inclusion were all singleton hospital deliveries. We excluded records with no birthweight or birthweight less than 1000 g, babies born before arrival, multiple deliveries and deliveries before 28 weeks gestation. Out of the 2343 delivery records reviewed, 1787 were retained, giving a response rate of 76. 4%. We collected data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of all included mother-neonate pairs which included: age, marital status, gravidity, parity, gestational age, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serologic status and gender of the neonate. Foetal outcome parameters such as: birthweight, fifth minute Apgar score, and stillbirth were also collected. Variables were categorised as shown in Table  1.
Statistical analysis Data were entered and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. 0. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies, proportions and percentages, while continuous variables are presented as means (Standard Deviation) and median (Inter-Quartile Range), where appropriate. The 10th percentile of the birthweights was computed to obtain the cut-off for LBW in our study population. The kappa Cohen coefficient was used to evaluate levels of agreement between the newly defined cut-off, the traditional cut-off value and the local cut-off proposed by Njim and colleagues  [6]. To assess the clinical significance of the newly defined cut-off value, we evaluated the likelihood of LBW babies (babies with birthweights below the newly defined cut-off ) to develop adverse foetal outcomes compared with heavier babies.
Study limitations Being a retrospective study, we had no influence on the quality of data entered into the delivery registers. The risk of other neonatal complications like neonatal infection, admission to the neonatal unit, and hypoglycaemia, for example, could not be evaluated due to unavailability of relevant data. In addition, predictors of LBW such as use of recreational drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy could not be assessed due to lack of data collected on these variables in our delivery registers. This study was not designed to identify constitutional causes of LBW (genetic predisposition), highlighting the need for further research in this domain. However, with the large sample size (1787 newborns) and a robust.
More than 70 academic journal articles published up to March 2018 were consulted on the subject on the World Wide Science Database, SciELO, Google Scholar Database, and Scopus. The key search expressions used were a combination of the following terms: [{intermittent (77)/irregular (8)/unreliable  (22) }/{conversion to 24/7 (2)/continuous (5)}] -[domestic (5)/household (8) -water (97) -distribution (29)/supply  (71) ]. It is interesting to note that the literature collected on intermittency is relatively recent and scarce despite the size of the population affected by this phenomenon (cf. Figure  2 ). However, the temporal distribution of the articles tends towards a general increase which is a sign of a growing questioning, one that might gain even more scope with the creation of the IWA specialist group.
The final sample comprised of 2,936 schoolchildren (public schools = 1988; private schools = 948). Detailed sampling procedures can be found elsewhere  13, 14. All 16 schools were invited to participate in a second survey in 2007. Fourteen schools accepted the invitation and the two that refused were replaced by other schools with the same characteristics, and one more public school was included in the sample. The expected total number of children was divided proportionally by the type of school (public and private) and geographical area (central and coastal). In each school, the participants were selected using a systematic sampling method applied to a complete list of the pupils ordered by age. The list of selected children included possible substitutions in case of refusal (by the child or parent) or absence in school during the data collection period.
The final sample consisted of 1,232 children from 17 schools (public schools = 782; private schools = 450). Detailed sampling procedures can be found in Leal et al. 14. The information gathered in this study included anthropometric data and two questionnaires assessed at both time points. The children's questionnaires were paper-and-pencil validated instruments used to obtain information about physical activities and food choices. The parents' questionnaire gave information about themselves (socioeconomic status and self-reported weight and height and contained questions about the child's birth weight). Written parental consent was obtained for their child in both studies, approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (protocol numbers 037/02 and 028/06).
5kg/m 2 , normal weight -BMI 18. 5-24. 9kg/m 2 , overweight non-obese -BMI 25-29. 9kg/m 2 , obese -BMI ≥ Cad. Saúde Pública 2018; 34(5):e00053117 30kg/m 2 )  18. Parents were instructed to record their child's birth weight from the data registered on the child's health records. Birth weight was classified as low (< 2,500g), insufficient (2,500-2,999g), appropriate (3,000-3,999g) or high (≥ 4,000g)  19. At both time points the schoolchildren filled out illustrated and validated questionnaires aimed at collecting data on physical activity and food consumption. In 2002, they were asked to indicate the intake of foods/beverages and the performance of physical activity on a usual weekday using the questionnaire Typical Physical Activity and Food Intake Day  20. In 2007 children were asked to recall what they ate and which physical activity they performed over the preceding day using the Previous Day Food Questionnaire  21  and the Previous Day Physical Activity Questionnaire  22.
Even though this is a cross-sectional investigation, where the design precludes inferences about causal relationships between the variability in BMI z-scores and individual and contextual correlates. The study design did not allow us to establish whether, for example, socioeconomic status, mother's weight status, food intake and physical activity precede the current children's weight status. Moreover, few variables were available to describe the school environment and missing data occurred in some independent variables. Behavioral and environmental variables related to obesity in Brazilian schools should be investigated, for example, the weekly frequency of physical activity classes, the availability of sports courts, the presence of high energy-dense foods and snacks in school meals and canteens.
Acknowledgments We are grateful to the school administrations, to the teachers, to the schoolchildren and to their parents who participated in the study. These studies were funded by the  Santa Catarina State Research Foundation -FAPESC  (grant n. 062/2002 ), the  Brazilian National Research Council -CNPq  (grant n. 402322/2005-3), (M. A. A. A. , grant n. 305148/2011-7 ). D. B. L. and A. S. L. received a fellowship from the  Graduate Studies Coordining Board (Capes)  and the  FAPESC , respectively. FAPESC ,  CNPq  and  Capes  had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this manuscript and the authors have no conflicts of interest to report.
MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational study took place in the maternity unit of Limoges teaching hospital (France) between October and November 2010. With their parents' written informed consent, we enrolled all neonates born at 36 weeks of pregnancy or more. The Medical Research Ethics Committee of the Limoges hospital approved the study  (ref. 51-2010-09). Clinical data were collected, namely Streptococcus agalactiae carriage, mode of delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, colored gastric fluid, time since membrane rupture, antibiotic exposure during delivery, feeding mode, and gestational age. Meconium was collected at birth and a stool sample just before hospital discharge (days 2 or 3). Samples were inoculated onto Drigalski agar plates (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and incubated for 48 h at 35-37 • C.
Density functional study -geometry optimization and molecular orbital calculations Geometry optimization and molecular orbital calculations were carried out with the Guassian09 software package  (Frisch et al. , 2009)  and the Gaussview visualization program  (Dennington et al. , 2007; Rassolov et al. , 1998)   (1989) , with the 6-311G, 6-311G(+) and 6-311G(++) basis sets. The bond lengths, bond angles corresponding to the optimized geometry obtained using the DFT/B3LY P method are given in Table  2. The calculated C4-C5 bond distance is 1. 447 A correlates nicely with experimental value. The calculated bond lengths with B3LYP/6-311G(++) level are slightly shorter than the experimental values within 0. 004-0. 035 A ˚. The calculated bond angles C5-C4-O4 and C4-C5-C7 are close to 120 since atoms C4 and C5 have sp 2 hybridization.
search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5. 38, update May 2017; Groom et al. , 2016) for similar structures revealed the presence of three zwitterionic compounds of interest, namely (E)-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-[1-(p-tolyliminio)ethyl]-2H-pyran-4-olate (REZMAL; Djedouani et al. , 2007) and 6-methyl-2-oxo-3-[1-(ureidoiminio)ethyl]-2H-pyran-4-olate monohydrate (HOFPOI; Djedouani et al. , 2008) and (E)-4hydroxy-3-[N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanimidoyl]-6-methyl-2H-research communications Acta Cryst. (2018). E74, 172-175 Djedouani et al. C 16 H 17 NO 4 173.
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5. 38, update May 2017; Groom et al. , 2016) for similar structures revealed the presence of three zwitterionic compounds of interest, namely (E)-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-[1-(p-tolyliminio)ethyl]-2H-pyran-4-olate (REZMAL; Djedouani et al. , 2007) and 6-methyl-2-oxo-3-[1-(ureidoiminio)ethyl]-2H-pyran-4-olate monohydrate (HOFPOI; Djedouani et al. , 2008) and (E)-4hydroxy-3-[N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanimidoyl]-6-methyl-2H-research communications Acta Cryst. (2018). E74, 172-175 Djedouani et al. C 16 H 17 NO 4 173.
X-ray crystal structure description Single crystals of (Z)-3-(3-bromophenyl)-1-(1,5-dime- thyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-one (1) were analyzed by X-ray diffraction in order to determine the compound structure. The main crystal data are given with principal refinement parameters in Table  1  and the atom position and displacement parameters are listed in Table  2. The full CIF file deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC 1817604) is available at http://www. ccdc. cam. ac. uk/conts /retri eving. html. The asymmetric unit contains two independent molecules. Each molecule is built with two rings, a bromophenyl ring bonded (at meta position) to a dimethyl pyrazole ring through a central core unit -CO-C-COH-(Fig. 1 ). According to the root mean square deviations of the fitted atoms in each group, ranging from 0.
X-ray data collection and treatment Fairly regularly shaped crystals were selected using a stereomicroscope equipped with a polarizing filter. Diffracted intensities were collected at room temperature within the complete diffraction sphere on the four-circle diffractometer (Mo-Kα radiation, λ = 0. 71073 Å) and data  reduction was carried out using CrysAlis software  [57]. The lattice dimensions and corresponding standard deviations were determined by least-squares method from the entire data set of reflections. Full-matrix least-squares refinements on F 2 used the complete data set of 18,366 collected reflections (including symmetry equivalent and redundant) of which 6297 are unique and 3027 observed according to the criterion I > 2σ(I). The diffracted intensities were corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects.
The structure solution and subsequent refinements were performed using SHELX-2013 program packages  [58]. Atoms positions and anisotropic displacement parameters were refined for all non-hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atoms at the keto enol OH group were detected in the final Fourier difference and were treated as riding, following the HFIX/AFIX instructions, in the final refinement (even if they could have been freely refined). The hydrogen atoms have been considered with an isotropic displacement parameter equal to 1. 2 times (1. 5 for terminal -CH 3 ) the Ueq of the parent atom. Molecular pictures are drawn with ORTEP-3 for windows  [59]. Full CIF file can be obtained free of charge via http:// www. ccdc. cam. ac. uk/conts /retri eving. html (or from the CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; Fax: +44 1223 336033; E-mail: deposit@ccdc.
Computation details Calculations were performed within the framework of the density functional theory DFT using DMol 3 module  [60, 61]  provided in Materials Studio software. A DNP basis set (Double Numerical with extra Polarization function on all atoms) was used in these calculations, its size is equivalent to the Gaussian 6-31G*. All-electrons geometry optimizations were performed at fine quality level, for both the molecule and the periodic crystal packing, with LDA-PWC, GGA-PW91 and GGA-BLYP functionals. The Fukui and Parr functions have been computed to give a description of the global reactivity. Gaussian 03 W optimizations using the Berny analytical gradient method with B3LYP functional and 6. 31G+(d,p) basis set have been done prior to calculate the reactivity indices and to perform the NBO analysis  [53].
Glutamine supplementation increased significantly growth rate: in 14 days sebocytes expanded ~310-fold in Seb4Gln vs ~88-fold in Seb4 (P = 0. 049). Simultaneously, sebocytes grown in the same conditions were 520 nm em. 625 nm). Figure  3B  suggests that total lipid production per cell was higher in Seb4 and Seb4Gln than in Green and Seb5 media and increased overtime in all cases, except for Green medium due to early cell death (around 7 days). Results were similar for neutral lipids (Figure  3C ) except that neutral lipid production remained low in Seb5 medium during all the experiment. All together, these data suggest that Seb4 and Seb4Gln stimulated mainly neutral lipid production, whereas Seb5 stimulated polar lipid production. In order to confirm those results and estimate more precisely neutral, total and polar lipid production per cell, sebocytes were analysed by flow cytometry.
Refinement Crystal structure, data collection and structure refinement details are summarised in Table  1. The refinements of the three crystal structures were performed using similar strategies, as described previously. [7] Hydrogen atoms attached to C atoms were treated as riding using the SHELXL14  [11]  defaults at 294(1) K with C-H = 0. 93 Å and Uiso(H) = 1. 2Ueq(C) (for aromatic) and the methyl C-H = 0. 96 Å (aliphatic) and Uiso(H) = 1. 5Ueq(C). All amino N-H and water H atoms were refined on x,y,z and with isotropic displacement parameters. The Clpm • 2H2O dataset was collected using Cu radiation and as a hemisphere of data to 100 % completion to 120°. All experiments were performed using a Xcalibur, Sapphire3, Gemini Ultra diffractometer with experiments undertaken at 294(1) K. [12]  Analytical absorption corrections were performed on colourless crystals using ABSFAC.
Acknowledgment. This research was funded by the  Programme for Research in Third Level Institutions (PRTLI) Cycle 4 (Ireland)  and co-funded through the  European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) , part of the  European Union   Structural Funds Programme  (ESF) 2007-2013. JFG thanks the  School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University  for grants in aid of chemical and crystallographic research. PM thanks the T 3 ( PRTLI-IV) program  for a studentship. JFG and CJ thank the  Université de Lorraine  and  Region Lorraine  for a " Chercheur d'Avenir " grant. P. MOCILAC et al. : Aggregation in Three Benzamide or Pyridylcarboxamide Hydrates … Croat. Chem. Acta 2018, 91(2),  281-288 DOI: 10. 5562/cca3347.