dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Such evaluation was based in the comparison of the outputs obtained from a reference complete dataset with the outputs obtained from 4 simulated incomplete datasets: 2 types of missing data (at random and not at random) × 2 loss intensities (1/3 Session 20b Theatre 2 Session 21a Theatre 1 Development of infrared reflectance spectroscopy databases for efficient livestock managements V. Decruyenaere 1 , M. Boval 2 , P. Dardenne 1 , N. Gengler 3 and P. Lecomte 4 1 Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, CRAW, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium, 2 INRA French West Indies, Tropical Animal Production Unit (URZ), Domaine Duclos, 97170 Guadeloupe, France, 3 ULg, Gembloux Agro Bio Tech, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium, 4 CIRAD, UMR SELMET, 34398 Montpellier, France; decruyenaere@cra. wallonie. be There is a strong demand towards livestock for high quality products and services while limiting the impact on the environment.
Estimation of dominance variance with sire-dam subclass effects in a crossbred population of pigs The most important nonadditive effect is probably dominance. Prediction of dominance effects should allow a more precise estimation of the total genetic merit, particularly in populations that use specialized sire and dam lines, and with large number of full-sibs, like pigs. Computation of the inverted dominance relationship matrix, D -1 , is difficult with large datasets. But, D -1 can be replaced by the inverted sire-dam subclass relationship matrix F -1 , which represents the average dominance effect of full-sibs. The aim of this study was to estimate dominance variance for longitudinal measurements of body weight (BW) in a crossbred population of pigs, assuming unrelated sire-dam subclass effects.
The edited dataset consisted of 20,120 BW measurements recorded between 50 and 210 d of age on 2,341 crossbred pigs from 89 Piétrain sires and 169 Landrace dams. A random regression model was used to estimate variance components. Fixed effects were sex and date of recording. Random effects were additive genetic, permanent environment, sire-dam subclass and residual. Random effects, except residual, were modeled with linear splines. Only full-sib contributions were considered by using uncorrelated sire-dam classes. Estimated heritability of BW increased with age from 0. 40 to 0. 60. Inversely, estimated dominance decreased with age, from 0. 28 to 0. 01. M. Dufrasne 1,2 , V. Jaspart 3 , J. Wavreille 4 and N. Gengler 2 1 FRIA, 5 Rue d'Egmont, 1000 Brussels, Belgium, 2 Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium, 3 Walloon Pig Breeding Association, 4 Rue des Champs-Elysées, 5590 Ciney, Belgium, 4 Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, 9 Rue de Liroux, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; marie.
Furthermore, the alignment of the sequences of CAST deposited in the GenBank database revealed that this new variant was present in domestic cattle (Bos taurus; Hereford breed) and in Yak(Bos grunniens). Funcional studies are necessary to test the effect of the CAST Thr182Ala genotypes on calpastatin activity to confirm the effects of this new polymorphism found in the current work. Session 25 Poster 32 Session 25 Poster 33.
Maternal traits estimated on ancestry and meat traits estimated on individual performances have been combined in a new total merit index published in PTS. Thanks to a ten-year database on PTS rams, expected response to selection is composed of 37% conformation, 17% fat depth, 17% weight, 12% growth, 9% prolificacy, 8% suckling ability. The total merit index used in progeny testing has been updated on the same way. Introduction of these new indexes in the selection program of the French Blanche du Massif Central sheep breed is in progress. Session 25 Poster 48 Session 25 Poster 49 Joint L. Gomez-Raya 1 , A. Hulse 2 , D. Thain 2 and W. M. Rauw 1 1 Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Ctra A Coruña Km. 7. 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain, 2  University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North  Virginia Street, 89557 Reno, NV, USA; rauw.
Wexford, Ireland,  3 Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;  robert. prendiville@teagasc. ie Both production systems produced acceptable carcasses. No difference in animal performance was observed between the breed groups. Further research with a larger dataset is warranted to discern potential differences between the production systems. Session 26b Poster 15 Franco 1 1 University of the Republic, Ruta 3 km 363, 60000 Paysandu, Uruguay, 2 Consultant, Rosario, 2000, Argentina; beretta@fagro. edu. uy An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of grazing management (GM) during beef cattle growing phase on further finishing feedlot performance and carcass traits. Forty-eight Hereford steers (278±34 kg; 11 months) were randomly allocated to a native (NP) or improved pasture (IP, Festuca arundiancea, Lotus The study comprised of 32 February born early maturing dairy cross steers.
A genetic background is suggested and as disease prevalence in BDH approaches 70%, urgent measures are needed. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for CPL in a BDH population. Analyses were performed on two datasets, comprising clinical examinations (CPL-scores), collected at official horse contests and stable visits throughout Belgium. The first dataset comprised all collected data, whereas in the second data set, scores for horses younger than 3 years were omitted. Age (yr), coat color and sex were included as fixed effects, whereas date of recording was a random effect. Variance component estimates were obtained using the REML method (VCE4 and 6) by means of an animal model. Heritability coefficients (standard error, SE) for CPL ranged from 0. 25 (0. 07) to 0. 46 (0.
The analysis of the distribution and origin of the Sztumski and Sokolski horses ,A. Rudiné Mezei and S. Mihók  University of Debrecen, Department of Animal Husbandry, Böszörményi str. 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;  postaj@agr. unideb. hu    The aim of the study was to compare different transformation of competition performance of show-jumping horses and the estimation of genetic parameters based on these measurement variables. Show jumping competition results collected between 1996 and 2011 were analysed. The database contained 358,342 starts of 10,199 horses. The results were gathered from Hungary and other European countries. Identity number, name and sex of the horse, rider, competition year, the level and location of the competition, fault points and ranks were recorded in the database.
of using leftovers to reduce the environmental impact in animal production The aim of this study was to evaluate economic efficiency for Holstein cattle in lowland areas (9 farms, A) and Slovak dual purpose cattle (Simmental and Slovak Pinzgau) and crosses in mountain and foothill areas (13 farms, B) for the years 2007-2011 (database of APRC Nitra). In cost evaluation formula for farms A as well for farms B the most important items were costs for feed (46% and 43%) and other direct costs (19% for both). Depreciation as well was a big proportion of costs (16% and 18%), however they are implicit cost items. The labour costs represented 7% and 8% from costs totally in farms A and B, respectively. Profit in milk production was achieved in the years 2008 and 2011 in farms A. The highest profit (0.
The DNA-Project of the llama and alpaca registry Europe (LAREU) C. Kiesling  LAREU, P. O. Box 666, Switzerland; christian. kiesling@cern. ch    As a truly European registry, the llama and alpaca registry Europe (LAREU) is providing an online registration system for breeders and owners of South American camelids (SACs), free of charge. Founded in the year 2005, over 10000 animals from more than 10 European countries are stored in LAREU's database up to now, with a yearly growth of about 20%. The database itself is professionally maintained by the animal welfare organization TASSO, based in Germany, hosting data from a few million animals, mostly dogs and cats. The data of the animals registered with LAREU are entirely separated from the TASSO database, the registration software has been established independently.
In this paper we will present statistical material from the LAREU database, shortly review the basic genetics leading to the ISAG set of markers, give the details of the new DNA marker set, and then describe the procedures developed together with internationally accredited DNA laboratories to provide a transparent and reliable system for the camelid owner to obtain and evaluate the DNA data of his animals. Argentina is amongst world's largest producers of wool and mohair in addition to llama and small amounts of cashmere, silk, vicuña and guanaco fiber. Most wool and all mohair are produced in the extensive cold desert of Patagonia. More than 50% of the wool is merino which averages 20. 5 mic and 1% vegetable content. Above 90% of the wool is exported mainly to the EU and China, 80% of it in tops and garments.
dong@afbini. gov. uk A dataset from this further analysis was carried out to evaluate effects of cow genetic merit on the relationship between E l(0) and ME intake (MEI), by dividing the whole PIN (<£3, £3-15 and >£15) or PLI (<£23, £23-67 and >£67) dataset into 3 subsets, categorised as low, medium and high genetic merit. With a common constant of 0. 442 MJ/kg 0. 75 (i. e. net energy requirement for maintenance (NE m )), the slope increased only marginally with increasing PIN (i. e. k l =0. 631, 0. 638 and 0. 643, respectively). Similarly, the constants were similar between the 3 PIN groups (NE m =0. 449, 0. 434 and 0. 441 MJ/kg 0. 75 , respectively) with a common slope of 0. 632. A similar result was also obtained between the 3 PLI groups. These results indicate that cow genetic merit (PIN and PLI) has no significant effect on NE m , ME m or k l.
for pleiotropic effects in genome regions affecting number of teats in pigs These are statistical models for predicting complex trait phenotypes on the basis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and trait phenotypes and can account for a much larger fraction of the heritable component of the trait. A disadvantage is that this 'black box' modelling approach does not provide any insight into the biological mechanisms underlying the trait. We propose to open the 'black box' by building SNP set genomic models that evaluate the collective action of multiple SNPs in genes, biological pathways or other external biological findings on the trait phenotype. As a proof of concept we have tested the modelling framework on susceptibility to mastitis in dairy cattle. Research supported by EC-FP7 'Quantomics', agreement n° 222664.
(2006), union set, and byWain et al. , intersection, covering 37. 7  Mb (1. 51%. ) and 13. 4 Mb (0. 54%), respectively. CNVRs were annotated with the bovine Ensembl gene set v69 and tested for enrichment of GO terms using DAVID database. Consensus CNVRs are enriched for protein-coding genes and genes involved in MHC class II protein complex and VEGF signaling pathway. This study funded by EC-FP7, agreement n°222664, 'Quantomics'. Session 46 Poster 19 Session 46 Poster 20 Validation of a.
C. Bono 1 , C. Cornou 1 , S. Lundbye-Christensen 2 and A. R. Kristensen 1 1 University of Copenhagen, Department of Large Animal Sciences, Health and Production, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark, 2 Aarhus University Hospital, Department ofCardiology, Cardiovascular  Research Center, Sdr. Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; clbo@life. ku. dk    Good management in animal production systems is becoming of paramount importance. The aim of this paper is to develop a dynamic monitoring system for farrowing rate. A farrowing rate model is implemented using a Dynamic Generalized Linear Model (DGLM). Variance components are pre-estimated using an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm applied on a dataset containing data from 15 herds, each of them including insemination and farrowing observations over a period ranging from 150 to 800 weeks.
High-latitude ecosystems play an important role in the global carbon cycle and in regulating the climate system and are presently undergoing rapid environmental change. Accurate land cover datasets are required to both document these changes as well as to provide land-surface information for benchmarking and initializing earth system models. Earth system models also require specific land cover classification systems based on plant functional types, rather than species or ecosystems, and so post-processing of existing land cover data is often required. This study compares over Siberia, multiple land cover datasets against one another and with auxiliary data to identify key uncertainties that contribute to variability in Plant Functional Type (PFT) classifications that would introduce errors in earth system modeling.
Land cover classification systems from GLC 2000, GlobCover 2005 and 2009, and MODIS collections 5 and 5. 1 are first aggregated to a common legend, and then compared to high-resolution land cover classification systems, continuous vegetation fields (MODIS-VCF) and satellitederived tree heights (to discriminate against sparse, shrub, and forest vegetation). The GlobCover dataset, with a lower threshold for tree cover and taller tree heights and a better spatial resolution, tends to have better distributions of tree cover compared to high-resolution data. It has therefore been chosen to build new PFTs maps for the ORCHIDEE land surface model at 1 km scale. Compared to the original PFT dataset, the new PFT maps based on GlobCover 2005 and an updated cross-walking approach mainly differ in the characterization of forests and degree of tree cover.
Introduction The Siberian region has been a focus of research attention in recent years because it is considered as a hot spot for climate change studies (see for example  Lenton et al. , 2008). The region is currently undergoing a warming trend with impacts already visible in the environment, its vegetation and soils  (Lucht et al. , 2002). Pronounced climatic warming in Siberia  (Chapin et al. , 2005)  has had large implications on vegetation, changes which have been already confirmed by numerous studies at various scales. For example,  Tape et al. (2006)  demonstrated using aerial photography, an expansion of deciduous shrubs in tundra areas in northern Alaska during the last 50 yr. Satellite datasets and especially NDVI products have also documented landscape-scale greening signals and/or phenological changes, in relation with air temperature (see for example,  Forbes et al.
Back Close Full impacts of global warming and land use in Siberia and for development perspectives in terms of biogeochemical processes parameterization. Therefore, our objective in this study is to develop a new map at 1 km resolution based on recent land cover products, suitable for earth system modeling which could be further refined if new PFTs are developed. For that purpose, different remote sensing land cover products are available. They have been developed from multispectral and multitemporal imagery, in order to separate the various ecosystems presenting different spectral properties and seasonal variations. At medium resolution (hundred meters to kilometer), the most popular and most recent products are the GLC 2000 land cover database (Bartholom é and  Belward, 2005)  based on SPOT 4-VEGETATION instrument, the GlobCover land cover products  (Arino et al.
, 2005 (Arino et al. , , 2012) )  derived from Envisat/MERIS radiometer and the MODIS land cover datasets  (Friedl et al. , 2002 (Friedl et al. , , 2010)) , based on Terra and Aqua MODIS instruments. These products have been compared in previous works and for some of them over Siberia. For example,  Jung et al. (2006)   All these studies found significant differences between datasets and highlighted strengths and weaknesses of each product but none concluded on the superiority of one compared to the other. Moreover, since for most of these works, the final objective was not PFT mapping, and so the methodology developed for the cross-comparison and the final mapping could not be used directly for our study. Further, no comparison to date has included the MODIS 5. 1 product, which benefits from a reprocessing of the complete MODIS archive, with an up-to-date training database, and an extension of the land cover data to 2011.
Therefore, it was necessary to develop a new comparison of the most recent land cover products available on Siberia, to build dedicated aggregation rules for ORCHIDEE PFT mapping and to generate a new PFT map over Siberia at 1 km scale. This paper presents the methodology used to compare medium-resolution remote sensing land cover products for Siberia. The evaluation was performed after aggregating the different land-cover datasets to the same spatial scale and under the same harmonized legend. A comparison of thematic differences was conducted to highlight areas of disagreement and we developed a methodology to generate the PFT distributions. Our results are presented in terms of product comparison and final PFT mapping, with uncertainties explicitly addressed.
Methods We acquired recent land-cover satellite products available at medium spatial resolution (300 to 1000 m) and focused our comparison on Siberia. The datasets are presented Figures in Table  1  with their specifications in terms of spatial resolution, time of acquisition, geographic projection, and thematic information, including the classification legend and number of land-cover classes. They include the GLC 2000 product (Bartholom é and  Belward, 2005)  updated on Northern Eurasia by  Bartalev et al. (2003) , the Glob-Cover 2005 and 2009 products  (Bicheron et al. , 2006; Arino et al. , 2005 Arino et al. , , 2012) )  and the MODIS Land Cover Type  Collection 5. 0 and 5. 1 (Friedl et al. , 2002, 2010). The first 4 products have been already compared and evaluated in various regions and at different scales, using ground truth measurements and have shown strengths and weaknesses  (See and Fritz, 2006; Jung et al.
, 2006; Frey and Smith, 2007; Kaptu é et al. , 2010 Kaptu é et al. , , 2011;; Pflugmacher et al. , 2011; Schepaschenko et al. , 2011). Our first goal was to identify the most suitable product for further PFT mapping. To achieve this, we assessed the land-cover classification methodology and land-cover class definition in terms of their capacity to represent the spatial heterogeneity and in terms of the spatial agreement between products. To assess these criteria, we compared various datasets at different temporal and spatial scales, including highresolution optical images like Landsat-TM products.
The most recent product (C5. 1) is available for the 2001-2010 period with the same spatial resolution of 500 m. The 2 products are available on an Integerized Sinusoidal Grid (ISG) projection, with a legend based on the IGBP classification system which separates 17 classes. The new product C5. 1 is an update of C5. 0 and an extension in time period. The same classification methodology was used but significant errors in the training dataset were adjusted as noted in the User Guide for the MODIS Land Cover Type Product, MCD12Q1 (which is available at http://www. bu. edu/lcsc/files/2012/08/MCD12Q1 user guide. pdf).
Back Close Full helped us in the interpretation of the different legends and later assisted in the merging process, which permitted us to build the harmonized legend. Among them, two land cover maps based on aerial photointerpretation and ground truth data have been used to better understand the class significance and evaluate product accuracy and spatial variability representation. For these two products, the digital database was not available and only graphical maps have been used. The first one is the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map  (CAVM, Walker et al. , 2005)  which was developed within the National Science Foundation Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmosphere System (ATLAS) project, and is presently the most precise mapping of the Arctic tundra. It is available at 1 : 7 500 000 scale at http://www.
geobotany. uaf. edu/cavm, in Lambert azimuthal projection, and separates 18 classes describing very precisely the various tundra ecosystems. This dataset is based on photo-interpretation by vegetation experts of nine Arctic regions which allowed delineating the various biomes onto an NOAA-AVHRR image database. The second one is the Yakutzk region land cover mapping provided by  A. Fedorov (personal communication, 2013) , which was derived from Landsat images acquired in 2002 combined with ground truth data. In this map, 12 land cover classes were separated including 6 different types of forest like larch and birch in different states and 3 types of grasslands (Alas, wet and dry valley meadows). These 2 maps have mostly been used in the following to evaluate the ability of the various land cover products to separate the shrubs/herbaceous classes and the broadleaf/needleleaf forests.
Lastly, the MODIS Global Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF,  Hansen et al. , 2003 Hansen et al. , , 2006) )  and the forest canopy height map proposed by  Simard et al. (2011) , complemented all these datasets. The VCF products derived from MODIS sensors, is provided at 500 m spatial resolution on an annual basis  (2000) (2001) (2002) (2003) (2004) (2005) (2006) (2007) (2008) (2009) (2010)  and at global scales. The VCF is proportional estimates of vegetative cover types: woody vegetation, herbaceous vegetation, and bare ground. The Collection 4 (version 3) was downloaded at http://glcf. umiacs. umd. edu/data/vcf, where it is available in the same projection as the land cover product. Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) onboard ICEsat (Ice Cloud and Land Elevation satellite), is available globally at 1km spatial resolution and provides an estimation of the canopy height.
In its standard version, the PFTs are defined from two databases, the AVHRR IGBP 1 km global land cover map  (Belward et al. , 1999)  and  Olson et al. (1983)   their fraction can vary when the dynamic vegetation sub-module is activated. Figure  5  presents the standard PFT maps used in ORCHIDEE. In Siberia, 9 PFTs are present in the standard land cover map. They include four types of forests (temperate and boreal needleleaf evergreen, needleleaf summergreen, broadleaf summergreen forests), C3 grass, C3 crops, unlikely (but very few) C4 crops and bare soils.
Therefore, the VCF data for the year 2005 have been upscaled at 1 km scale and the fractions of trees, grasslands and bare soil have been extracted and averaged for each Globcover 2005 class. The PFT reclassification was then performed according to these new merging rules. The new PFT maps have been generated from the GlobCover 2005 dataset, keeping the benefit of the high resolution of 300 m. The data were aggregated at 1 km scale in PFT fractions and the results are presented in Fig. 6. The results show the main features characterizing Siberia, i. e. , the predominance of needleleaf summergreen forests in the center, broadleaf summergreen and then croplands southern, grasslands and larger fractions of bare soil in the northern latitudes. Compared to the previous maps (see Fig. 7  for the differences mapping), the temperate broadleaf PFTs and sparse C4 Figures crops have disappeared, and generally, the fractions are less contrasted.