dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
For the peptide mass fingerprinting analysis (PMF), the query for database searching was set with these established parameters: carbamidomethylation of cysteines and oxidation on methionines as fixed modification and variable modification, respectively; one missed cleavage site for trypsin; maximal tolerance at 50 ppm. For protein identification assignment, only Mascot scores higher than 54 were considered significant (p < 0. 05). To confirm PMF identifications, the instrument was switched in LIFT mode, and MS/MS spectra were acquired with 4-8 × 10 3 laser shots using the instrument calibration file. For the fragmentation, precursor ions were manually selected, and the precursor mass window was automatically set. Using Flex-Analysis 3. 3 software, each MS/MS spectra was processed by spectra baseline subtraction, smoothing (Savitsky-Golay), and centroiding.
For database search analysis, the following parameters were used: carbamidomethylation of cysteines and oxidation on methionine among fixed and variable modifications, respectively; maximum of one missed cleavage; mass tolerance at 50 ppm for precursor ions and at a maximum at 0. 4 Da for fragments. The database-dependent search was performed against the SwissProt database released 2019_09 (561,176 sequences) restricted to other Mammalia (13,206 sequences) and Bos taurus taxonomy. The confidence interval for protein identification was set to 95% (p < 0. 05), and only peptides with an individual ion score above the identity threshold were considered correctly identified.
Statistical Analyses Statistical analyses for dry matter intake, milk yield, live body weight, a variation of empty body weight, a variation of backfat thickness, energy balance, and plasma NEFA were performed with SAS ® software version 9. 4. Unless differently specified, data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure for linear mixed models. A repeated effect of time (the week before and after calving) within animals was tested. The residuals from the observations generated from the mixed models were tested for normal distribution. The model used was: Y ijk = µ + NEB i + Week j + NEB i × Week j + e ijk where Y ijkl is the dependent variable (dry matter intake, milk yield, live body weight, variation of empty body weight, variation of backfat thickness, energy balance, plasma), µ is the overall mean, NEB i is the fixed effect of NEB i (i = lNEB, hNEB), Week j is the fixed effect of week j (j = 17 classes, 19 classes), NEB i × Week j is the interaction between NEB i and Week j , and e ijk is the residual error.
Least square means (LSmeans, ± standard error of the mean, SEM) estimated by the models were adjusted using the Scheffe adjustment for multiple-post ANOVA comparisons and compared. Differences with corresponding p-values, p < 0. 05, were considered as significant. Variations in protein expression between lNEB cows and sNEB cows were analyzed using the Progenesis SameSpots software (Nonlinear Dynamics, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK), Version 4. 6. After evaluating the quality of the images, the module for 2D gel analysis was used to align the images, subtract background, detect, normalize, and match spots. All spots were then manually reviewed and selected for excision. Statistical analysis was performed using the Progenesis Stats module on the log-normalized volumes for all spots. Stats module performed automatically a one-way ANOVA on each spot to evaluate the p-value between different groups, and the p-values under 0.
Bioinformatics Analysis The functional classification of the identified proteins was performed using the PANTHER classification system  [16]. The Gene Ontology (GO) slim biological processes related to the overrepresented and underrepresented proteins were obtained through the gene list analysis module. High confidence (score 0. 700) protein-protein interactions and relations between proteins were investigated via the STRING database of protein-protein interactions  [17]  using the accession numbers of all differentially expressed proteins.
Summary of the MS-data for protein identification. a Name of identified proteins; b Accession No. according to Swiss-Prot database; c Peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) score calculated by MASCOT 2. 4. 1 algorithm (www. matrixscience. com) after database search; d Sequence coverage; e Number of experimental peptides matched versus searched peptides; f Aminoacidic sequence of the peptides identified by MS/MS analysis, and g Related score calculated by MASCOT 2. 4. 1 algorithm. The underlined letter indicates oxidation of methionine residue; h Monoisotopic masses of the parent ions used for MS/MS analysis.
Acknowledgments: We thank  Mickael Dupont ,  Mickael Delanoue ,  Ludovic Métivier , and  Christophe Mouaze  of the  Experimental Unit UEPAO  for animal management and involvement in the experiment. Acknowledgments: We thank  Mickael Dupont ,  Mickael Delanoue ,  Ludovic Métivier , and  Christophe Mouaze  of the  Experimental Unit UEPAO  for animal management and involvement in the experiment.
7/0. 0118 ↓/1. 7/0. 0085 ↓/1. 8/0. 0098 Q3ZBD2 ACTR10 648 Actin-related protein 10 OS = Bos taurus GN = ACTR10 PE = 2 SV = 1 ↓/2. 1/0. 0050 ↓/1. 7/0. 0085 ↓/1. 4/0. 038 Uniprot Name/Accession Number String Name SameSpots Coding Number Protein Name One Month before Calving: Trend/Fold Change/p-Value One Week after Calving: Trend/Fold Change/p-Value 16 Weeks after Calving: Trend/Fold Change/p-Value Q2HJ91 CCDC71 713 Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 71 OS = Bos taurus GN = CCDC71 PE = 2 SV = 1 ↓/1. 2/0. 0026 P55859 PNP 747 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase OS = Bos taurus GN = PNP PE = 1 SV = 3 ↓/1. 4/0. 0439 ↓/1. 3/0. 0165 A5D989 EEF1D 765 Elongation factor 1-delta ↓/1. 6/0. 00141 P10096 G3PDH 766 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase OS = Bos taurus GN = GAPDH PE = 1 SV = 4 ↓/1. 8/0. 0201 ↓/1.
DovePress Rate (FDR) approach was used to correct for multiple testing. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9. 4 software (SAS Institute Inc. , Cary, NC, USA) and R Software version 3. 5. 1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). All statistical tests were two-sided except for the Cochran-Armitage test, and the significance level used was 0. 05.
Secondary outcomes are (a) death from any cause within 90 days after enrollment, (b) non-fatal (recurrent) VTE within 90 days after enrollment, (c) readmission within 90 days after enrollment, and (d) length of hospital stay. Results: Enrollment started in September 2014 and is expected to proceed until 2020. Median age of the first 443 patients was 71 years (interquartile range, 64-78), and 26% were female. Conclusions: This multicenter trial will determine the value of detecting PEs in patients with ECOPD. This has implications for COPD patient morbidity and mortality. Trial registration number: NCT02238639. K E Y W O R D S chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exacerbation, pulmonary embolism, treatment.
| Trial design and patient population SLICE is an investigator-initiated, phase III, prospective, international, multicenter, randomized (1:1), open-label with blind end-point evaluation (PROBE), parallel-group trial (ClinicalTrials. gov identifier NCT02238639). Consecutive adult patients with ECOPD who require hospital admission are eligible for the study. The inclusion and exclusion criteria of the SLICE trial are listed in Table  1 ; the flow diagram is displayed in Figure  1. The study information for all ineligible and eligible non-recruited participants will be retained in an anonymized form to provide detailed data on these patients in comparison to the study participant population. The study is being conducted in 16 centers in Spain and France.
| Statistical analysis All analyses will be performed on the intention-to-treat population, defined as all patients randomized, regardless of the management actually received. A per-protocol analysis, excluding protocol violations, will be performed as a sensitivity analysis. The distribution of continuous variables will be assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies or percentages and compared by χ 2 statistics or Fisher's exact test. Continuous variables will be summarized as the means ± SD or median and compared using Student's t test (for normal data) and Mann-Whitney U test (for non-normally distributed variables). Survival curves with time-to-event data will be generated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Comparisons between the two groups will be performed using the Cox proportional hazard model.
A P-value <0. 05 will be considered statistically significant. All analyses will be performed with the use of the statistical programme SPSS V. 24. 0. Subgroup analyses will include: age (<75 vs ≥75 years), sex (female vs male), COPD severity (FEV1 > 80%, 50% < FEV1 < 80%, 30% < FEV1 < 50%, and FEV1 < 30%), hospital volume (<300 beds vs ≥300 beds), and season of the year (autumn, winter, spring, and summer). Two sensitivity analyses are planned for the primary outcome. The first is an analysis of primary-outcome events after excluding those patients in the intervention group with a diagnosis of isolated sub-segmental PE. The second is an analysis of outcomes after excluding patients with a history of cancer.
| Study organization The SLICE is an independent, investigator-initiated trial with an academic sponsor (Respiratory Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital). The Steering Committee (listed in the Appendix) assesses the progress, provide scientific input, and address policy issues and operational aspects of the protocol and recommendations of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). At the end of the trial, the Steering Committee will meet in a closed session to discuss the trial results. Data are collected, maintained and will be analyzed by S&H Medical in Spain under the supervision of the Steering Committee members.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The study is supported by public funding, specifically by a grant from the  Spanish Government (Ministry of Health ;  PI14/00400 ). In addition, the Sponsor has obtained grants from the  Chest Foundation Research Grant in Venous Thromboembolism ,  Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)  and from  Daiichi-Sankyo. According to the study protocol, neither the  Spanish Government , Chest, SEPAR nor any part of the industry is involved at any stage of design, conduct of the trial, data management and data analysis or may exert any influence on decisions to discontinue the trial due to futility or safety concerns.
Sociodemographic data were obtained from the male household head (if present at the time of interview) or from the adult female participant selected for the study. Interviews were conducted in the local language, Yoruba, by the researcher and trained student research assistants from the Department of Human Nutrition, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. In this article, data on the frequency of consumption of cultivated and uncultivated TGLVs are examined and the potential contribution to micronutrient requirements is discussed.
05, vs control). Both cholesterol and milk sphingomyelin increased in ileal efflux after MPL enriched cheeses (p < 0. 05). Conclusions: Present results suggest that milk polar lipids decrease cholesterol absorption in humans through interactions with sphingomyelin and by increasing conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol. Funding Sources: ANR (French National Research Agency, VALOBAB project, ANR-11-ALID-007-01), PHRC-I (French Clinical Research Program, 14-007), CNIEL (French Dairy Interbranch Organization).
16S rRNA Gene Sequencing For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, primers W001  [24, 25]  and 23S1 (GenBank accession no. J01695) were used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene, including the intergenic region located between 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA. PCR products were sequenced by GENEWIZ (Takley-Essex, UK) using the primers SP3, SP4, and SP5  [25, 26]. Gene sequences were aligned using ClustalW to generate single consensus sequences. Each sequence was identified by comparing it with sequences from the Ribosomal Database Project 11 (RDP11) (http://rdp. cme. msu. edu) and >97% similarity was accepted.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis of folate of the isolated strains, folate of serum and erythrocytes, total feed and folate intake and weight gained by the experimental rats were computed using SPSS version 20. The folate analyses were carried out in triplicate and the average values and standard deviations were calculated. Differences between means of folate values were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test. Differences in means were considered statistically significant with a p-value ≤ 0. 05.
8, as compared to Figure  6B ), with no effect on amplitude (Figure  S6G ). Notably, mIPSC frequencies, but not amplitudes, of individual animals were inversely correlated with the COP retrieval performance (Figure  6F ; data not shown), suggesting that the level of presynaptic inhibition of SL cells is linked to the behavioral retrieval of COP. Next, we examined the impact of COP retrieval on mIPSCs of PNs. Similarly to SL neurons, the frequency of mIPSCs was reduced ($33%) in PNs of animals undergoing COP retrieval, as compared to water control mice (Figures  6G  and 6H ) with no change in amplitude (Figure  S6H ). A slight non-significant increase of mIPSCs amplitude was observed in PNs from mice receiving systemic injection of Rim prior to COP retrieval (Figure  S6H ). However, this treatment was not able to reverse the COP-retrieval-associated reduction of mIPSCs frequency in PNs (Figures  6G  and 6H ).
Surgery Mice were anesthetized by IP injection of a mixture of ketamine (100mg/kg, Imalgene 500) and xylazine (10mg/kg, Rompun) or with isoflurane. Then, animals were placed into a stereotaxic apparatus (Model 900, Kopf instruments, CA, USA) with a mouse adaptor and lateral ear bars. For local deletion of CB1 receptors  [25, 27]  in the aPC, CB1 flox mice were injected with an AAV-cag-CRE or its control AAV-cag-GFP (mixed serotype AAV1/AAV2, 10 10 Vg/ml) into the aPC (250ml per side, 125ml/min) with the following coordinates according to Paxinos and Franklin's mouse brain atlas  [65] : AP +1. 6, L ± 2. 5, DV À4. 8. For each animal receiving AAV-cag-CRE, CB1 deletion was verified by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization against CB1 mRNA. To control that recombination did not involve the posterior PC or the anterior olfactory nucleus, data were obtained by averaging CB1 mRNA fluorescence intensity from 2/4 slices for each level in the antero-posterior axis (Figures  S1H  and S1I ).
In order to check region specificity across the medio-lateral axis, data were obtained from brain regions (insular cortex, aPC and lateral olfactory tubercle) bilaterally in the section for each mouse where maximal deletion of CB1 mRNA was observed (Figure  1C ). Corresponding sections were quantified in both antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes in control mice injected with AAV-cag-GFP. For local pharmacology experiments, mice were bilaterally implanted with 3. 5mm stainless steel guide cannulae (Bilaney, UK) targeting the aPC with the following coordinates  [65] : AP +1. 6, L ± 2. 5, DV À4. 5. Guide cannulae were secured in place with dental cement. Mice were allowed to recover for 2 weeks in individual cages before the beginning of the experiments. The placement of aPC cannulae was determined by injection of 2% pontamine sky blue solution (0.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank all the personal of the  Animal Facility of the NeuroCentre Magendie  for mouse care and genotyping. We also thank  Gabriel Lepousez ,  Antoine Nissant ,  Pierre-Marie Lledo , and all the members of  Marsicano's lab  for useful discussions. This work was supported by  INSERM  (to G. M. ),  INRA  (to G. F. ),  Fondation pour la Recherche M edicale  ( DRM20101220445  to G. M. and  FDT20170436845  to G. T. ),  French State/Agence Nationale de la Recherche  ( LABEX BRAIN ANR-10-LABX-43  to G. M. , G. F. , and A. B. -G. ;  ANR-10-IDEX-03-02  to A. B. -G. ; NeuroNutriSens  ANR-13-BSV4-0006-02  to G. M. ; Orups  ANR-16-CE37-0010  to G. M. and G. F. ; CaCoVi  ANR-18-CE16-0001  to G. M. ; and MitObesity  ANR-18-CE14-0029  to G. M. ),  EU-FP7  ( PAINCAGE ,  HEALTH-603191  to G.
Microarray hybridation cDNA and Cy3-dye-labeled cRNA synthesis were carried out with 100 ng of total RNA according to the manufacturer protocol (One-Color Microarray-Based Gene Expression Analysis, version 6. 6). Then, 600 ng of labelled cRNA were hybridized using Microarray slides (SurePrint G3 Human GE v3 8x60K, Agilent Technologies) at 65 °C during 17 h. After washing, the arrays were scanned by Agilent DNA microarray scanner (Agilent). Acquisition of images and quantification of fluorescence signal as well as primary data analysis were performed using the Agilent Feature Extraction Software version 11. 0. 1. 1.
Bioinformatics analyses Data were first normalized with Lowess' method using GeneSpring (version 13. 0, Agilent Technologies Pty Ltd). Then, a principal component analysis (PCA), was performed using GeneSpring as a quality control step where the outlier's samples were removed. Student's t-test followed by Benjamini-Hochberg correction and filtering criteria were then applied to identify genes whose expression level was significantly modified. Genes showing expression changes of at least 1. 5-fold change (FC) in either direction as compared to control with p ≤ 0. 05 were considered significantly differentially expressed and were used in the following analysis. The selected genes were analyzed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery version 6. 8 (DAVID; http://david.
abcc. ncifcrf. gov). Indeed, genes were grouped among clusters according to different criteria such as Gene Ontology (GO) terms (GO BP: biological process, GO CC: cellular component, GO MF: molecular function) and pathways (KEGG and BIOCARTA). For the biological interpretation, we have considered GO biological process (GO BP) and pathways with p-value ≤ 0. 05 within the cluster with Enrichment Score above to 1. 3  (Huang da et al. , 2009). All raw data of the microarrays are available on NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/geo/), using the GSE599435 accession number.
org/) database  (Szklarczyk et al. , 2014)  analysis shows that they belong to two families of genes: metallothioneins and heat shock proteins (HSP) (Figure  5B ). When exposed to ZnO110NP, the viability of THP-1 cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Calculated IC50 was assessed to 8. 1 µg/mL using the three tests. In the same way, Farcal and collaborators (2015) studied ZnO110NP toxicity on nine different cellular types which includes primary human macrophages (HMDM), murine peritoneal macrophage-like cells (RAW264. 7) and murine alveolar macrophage-like cells (MH-S). ZnO110NP was highly toxic to all the cellular lines tested. However, the IC50 value was > 100 µg/mL for HMDM, 18. 40 µg/mL for RAW264. 7 and 19. 68 µg/mL for MH-S cells using different tests. In our study, PMAdifferentiated THP-1 macrophages were more sensitive to ZnO110NP as IC50 was found to be 8.
Data analysis Descriptive analyses were performed to compare the socio-demographic, cardiovascular risk factors and nutritional variables in men and women. The averages (±SD) and numbers (ratios) were compared with Fisher's exact test and the Chi-square test, as appropriate. The association between variables and HTN was assessed by univariable and multivariable analyses. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed to identify associated factors for HTN within demographic variables and CVD risk factors when p-value < 0. 20 in univariable logistic regression. Interactions between independent variables in the final model were examined. We performed several models. In these models, age and sex were forced systematically. First, we adjusted for sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, country, area, marital status, and previous occupation (model 1).
Also, the 24-h urinary salt excretion was not available. Assessment of dietary sodium intake used a food frequency questionnaire which might underestimate the sodium intake by 30 to 50%. Data on dyslipidaemia were lacking and thus were not adjusted for in this study. Despite these limitations, our study remains the largest study in general African population using a rigorous method of HTN assessment according to the latest guidelines and brings important epidemiological data on HNT in developing countries. More studies are needed in the future to identify reasons behind increased prevalence and poor blood pressure control and examine trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control. TAHES cohort will go on during the years to come in order to analyse the impact of an educational program, based on local culture and economic characteristics, on the management and control of HTN in this population.
Identification and Quantitation of Polyphenols by Analytical Techniques: HPLC-DAD/LC-MS 2 Identification of polyphenols in C. procera aqueous leaf extracts was carried out using chromatographic and spectrometric techniques. Anthocyanins (λ max = 530 nm), flavonols (λ max = 325 nm), and phenolic acids (λ max = 280 nm) were detected on the basis of the comparison of their retention time (RT), elution order, and UV-vis and ESI-MS 2 data with commercial standards or purified compounds from known plant samples.
Identification and Quantitation of Polyphenols by Analytical Techniques: HPLC-DAD/LC-MS 2 Identification of polyphenols in C. procera aqueous leaf extracts was carried out using chromatographic and spectrometric techniques. Anthocyanins (λmax = 530 nm), flavonols (λmax = 325 nm), and phenolic acids (λmax = 280 nm) were detected on the basis of the comparison of their retention time (RT), elution order, and UV-vis and ESI-MS 2 data with commercial standards or purified compounds from known plant samples.
These retention time, fragmentation, and UV-vis data were the same as those of the main compounds of the petals of D. regia Bojer ex Hook: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-Orutinoside  [10]. Therefore, we suggested for peaks An1 and An2 the structures of cyanidin 3-Oglucoside (19% of total peak area) and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (81% of total peak area), respectively (Table  2 ). The nature of sugar moieties were confirmed using cochromatography of diluted extracts of both plant samples (Figure  3a-e  The UV-vis maximal absorption was in both cases 516 nm (Figure  2  and Table  2 ), confirming the presence of cyanidin aglycone. Peaks An1 and An2 corresponded to compounds containing an aglycone of cyanidin linked to one hexose and two molecules of sugar (one rhamnose and one hexose), respectively.
These retention time, fragmentation, and UV-vis data were the same as those of the main compounds of the petals of D. regia Bojer ex Hook: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside  [10]. Therefore, we suggested for peaks An1 and An2 the structures of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (19% of total peak area) and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (81% of total peak area), respectively (Table  2 ). The nature of sugar moieties were confirmed using cochromatography of diluted extracts of both plant samples (Figure  3a-e  The UV-vis maximal absorption was in both cases 516 nm (Figure  2  and Table  2 ), confirming the presence of cyanidin aglycone. Peaks An1 and An2 corresponded to compounds containing an aglycone of cyanidin linked to one hexose and two molecules of sugar (one rhamnose and one hexose), respectively.
These retention time, fragmentation, and UV-vis data were the same as those of the main compounds of the petals of D. regia Bojer ex Hook: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-Orutinoside  [10]. Therefore, we suggested for peaks An1 and An2 the structures of cyanidin 3-Oglucoside (19% of total peak area) and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (81% of total peak area), respectively (Table  2 ). The nature of sugar moieties were confirmed using cochromatography of diluted extracts of both plant samples (Figure  3a-e.