dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by grants from the  Institut Curie : the INSERM; the  Canceropole Ile-de-France ; the  Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (Equipe labellisee) ,  and projet de Recherche ''Enfants, Adolescents et Cancer ''; the  Institut National du Cancer  ( PLBIO16-291 ), the  Fondation ARC , the  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  ( ANR-10-EQPX-03 ,  Institut Curie Genomique d'Excellence (ICGex) , and the  SocieteFrancaise de lutte contre les Cancers et les leucemies de l'Enfant et de l'adolescent (SFCE). This project also received support from European funding:  ERA-NET TRANSCAN JTC-2011  ( 01KT1310 ),  ERA-NET TRANSCAN JTC 2014  ( TRAN201501238 ), and  TRANS-CAN JTC 2017  ( TRANS201801292 ),  EEC  ( HEALTH-F2-2013-602856 ),  H2020-lMI2-JTl-201 5-07  ( 116064-ITCC P4 ),  H2020-SC1-DTH-2018-1  ( SEP-210 506374-iPC ).
Oxaliplatin HIPEC was administered by the closed (360 mg/m²) or open (460 mg/m²) abdomen techniques, and systemic chemotherapy (400 mg/m² fluorouracil and 20 mg/m² folinic acid) was delivered intravenously 20 min before HIPEC. All individuals received systemic chemotherapy (of investigators' choosing) with or without targeted therapy before or after surgery, or both. The primary endpoint was overall survival, which was analysed in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in all patients who received surgery. This trial is registed with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT00769405, and is now completed. Findings Between Feb 11, 2008, and Jan 6, 2014, 265 patients were included and randomly assigned, 133 to the cytoreductive surgery plus HIPEC group and 132 to the cytoreductive surgery alone group.
Randomisation and masking Eligible patients were recruited by the trial investigators and randomly assigned (1:1) peroperatively to receive either HIPEC or no further treatment after complete cyto reductive surgery. Only patients in whom cyto reductive surgery resulted in complete macroscopic resection or less than 1 mm of residual tumour tissue were included in the trial. The study statistician (LR) used the TenAlea software (version 2. 2; National Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands) to generate the randomisation sequence, which incorporated a mini misation process via the Pocock and Simon method for any random factor on the basis of baseline prognostic variables. This mini misation (with a probability of 0•8) allowed an allocation in favour of the treatment that would counteract any potential imbalance.
A planned interim analysis for the primary endpoint was done in April 25, 2014, after 70 deaths had occurred in a sample of patients that was similar to the overall population in terms of clinical characteristics. At the first interim analysis, recruitment was already completed and the independent data monitoring committee recom mended waiting for complete database maturity before drawing conclusions. The final analysis was planned after the 154th event, at which point p values of less than 0•0463 with adjusted CIs were deemed significant. All analyses were done on the intentiontotreat population, which included all randomly assigned patients. In posthoc analyses, overall survival, relapse free survival, and peritonealfree survival were also analysed in the perprotocol population, which included all randomly assigned patients who received cyto reductive surgery with or without HIPEC without any violations of major inclusion or exclusion criteria (crossover patients who received HIPEC for recurrent peritoneal metastases were excluded from the perprotocol analysis).
6, 7, 13 Foster and colleagues  14  used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database to compare the perioperative and 30day postoperative morbidity and mortality associated with cytoreductive surgery plus HIPEC with those associated with other highrisk surgical oncology procedures. 14 They showed that cytoreductive surgery plus HIPEC was associated with a similar or lower frequency of morbidity than pancreatoduod enectomy or oesophagectomy. 14 In our study, the addition of oxaliplatinbased HIPEC to cytoreductive surgery did not significantly increase the overall rate of early postoperative compli cations or mortality at 30 days compared with cytoreductive surgery alone. ] [8]  Although the frequency of extraabdominal complications did not seem to differ between the two groups, haematological toxic effects were more common in the cytoreductive surgery plus HIPEC group than in the cytoreductive surgery group.
Acknowledgments The study was funded by  Institut National de Cancer ,  Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique du Cancer 2006  (number  14 ), and  Ligue Contre le Cancer. We thank the study participants and their families, Unicancer Research and Development for sponsorship and help with all regulatory aspects of the study, the members of the PRODIGE intergroup (which is made up of Unicancer Gastroinstestinal and the  Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive) ,  Trevor Stanbury  ( Unicancer, Paris, France ) for study management,  Sylvain Boudon  ( Montpellier Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France ) for data management,  Andrew Kramar  and  Sophie Gourgou  ( Montpellier Cancer Institute ) for study design and methodology, the clinical research assistants at all participating centres, the independent study data monitoring committee,  JeanPierre Delord  and  Gwenaël Ferron  ( IUCTOncopôle, Toulouse, France ) for advice,  Thierry André  ( Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France ) and  Florin Grigorescu  ( Montpellier Cancer Institute ) for reviewing the manuscript, and  Pascale Mariani  ( Institut Curie, Paris, France ),  Cécile Brigand  ( CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France ),  JeanMarc Bereder  ( CHU l'Archer, Nice, France ),  Simon Msica  ( Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France ),  Guillaume Portier  ( Centre Hospitalier Purpan, Toulouse, France ), and  Patrick Rat  ( CHU Dijon, Dijon, France ).
Acknowledgements The first author was supported by the  NASA   Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant. ORACLES is a  NASA EARTH Venture Suborbital-2 investigation , funded by the  US National Aeronautics and Space Administrations (NASA)'s Earth Science Division  and managed through the  Earth System Science Pathfinder Program Office  (grant no. NNH13ZDA001N-EVS2 ). CLARIFY-2017 was a  Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)   Large Grant.
11, 12, 18, 19 lthough prevalence of cT2 among asthma patients based on patient self-report has been documented in the literature, limited data exist on characterizing cT2 burden in terms of medical service encounters or medical diagnoses and its impact on asthma outcomes. This real-world study assessed the cT2 disease burden among patients with asthma and evaluated the association between cT2 burden and asthma outcomes, including exacerbations and overall asthma control. Additionally, this study assessed which cT2 comorbidities were correlated and exhibited patterns of clustering of medical service encounters.
Study Design Anonymized data for the period between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2017, were extracted from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database (OPCRD), a large UK primary care data source established and maintained by Optimum Patient Care (OPC), an independent research group. OPCRD contains electronic medical histories for >4. 5 million enrollees who registered with a primary care provider for receiving outpatient medical services. 20 ecause of the sufficient sample size and a preference for using recent data to better reflect current treatment patterns, data prior to 2010 were not extracted. To enable the comprehensive capture of longitudinal medical history on patients, the date of the last medical encounter for patients at the primary care site or the date of patient disenrollment from the site minus 6 months, whichever came first, was marked as the index date.
Co-Existing Type 2 Inflammatory Disease Burden Type2dx burden was assessed at any time during the preindex date period based on medical service encounters with Read codes for any one or more of the nine conditions selected a priori based on expert consensus. These conditions included allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis, eczema (including atopic dermatitis), chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, food allergy, nasal polyps, and urticaria. In the OPCRD, the conditions of interest were identified by the presence of Read codes, which are a coded thesaurus of clinical terms that provide standard vocabulary by which clinicians can record patient findings and procedures in health-data systems in the UK. Although some of the conditions listed above may not be cT2 in themselves (eg, anaphylaxis), we assumed that medical service encounters related to these conditions can serve as a measure of cT2 burden.
45 5] 46  A key strength of the current study is the use of realworld, population-based data and the large sample size. 47 owever, our study findings must also be interpreted in light of some limitations. As is the case with real-world studies, which use healthcare service encounter databases, this analysis will under-represent loss of asthma control during situations in which the patient already had a prescription of an OCS or SABA on-hand, which was subsequently used during an episode of worsening in asthma symptoms. Because this study used service encounter data, to the extent that physicians use READ codes for eczema/AD and urticaria/atopy interchangeably, it is not possible to differentiate between these conditions. It was not possible to determine how the clustering of type comorbidities differed according to early-and late-onset asthma.
Conclusions This real-world, retrospective database study has demonstrated that patients with asthma, irrespective of GINA step, received medical service encounters related to cT2, thereby increasing resource use among asthma patients. The presence of type 2 comorbidities is associated with a higher risk of exacerbations and lower asthma control. Given that the presence of cT2 complicates the management of asthma and is associated with higher risk of exacerbations and lower asthma control, clinicians may consider the assessment of type 2 comorbidity burden in their evaluation of patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.
Acknowledgments Medical writing support was provided by  Abby Armitt ,  MSc , and  Gauri Saal ,  MA Economics , of  Prime, Knutsford, UK , and funded by  Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Thermofisher; consultancy agreements with  Airway Vista Secretariat ,  AstraZeneca ,  Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, EPG Communication Holdings Ltd, FIECON Ltd, Fieldwork International, GlaxoSmithKline, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, OM Pharma SA, PeerVoice, Phadia AB, Spirosure Inc, Strategic North Limited, Synapse Research Management Partners S. L. , Talos Health Solutions, Theravance and WebMD Global LLC ; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and  Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd)  from  AstraZeneca ,  Boehringer Ingelheim ,  Chiesi ,  Mylan ,  Novartis ,  Regeneron Pharmaceuticals ,  Respiratory Effectiveness Group ,  Sanofi Genzyme , Theravance and UK National Health Service; payment for lectures/speaking engagements from  AstraZeneca ,  Boehringer Ingelheim ,  Chiesi ,  Cipla ,  GlaxoSmithKline ,  Kyorin ,  Mylan ,  Mundipharma ,  Novartis ,  Regeneron Pharmaceuticals  and  Sanofi Genzyme ; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from  AstraZeneca ,  Boehringer Ingelheim ,  Mundipharma ,  Mylan ,  Novartis , Thermofisher; stock/ stock options from  AKL Research and Development Ltd  which produces phytopharmaceuticals; owns 74% of the social enterprise  Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK)  and 92.
61% of Observational and  Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore) ; 5% shareholding in Timestamp which develops adherence monitoring technology; is peer reviewer for grant committees of the  UK Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation programme , and Health Technology Assessment; and was an expert witness for GlaxoSmithKline. Andrew Menzies-Gow: attended advisory boards for  AstraZeneca ,  Sanofi ,  Teva ,  Novartis ,  Boehringer Ingelheim , and  GlaxoSmithKline. He has received lecture fees from  Novartis ,  Teva ,  Vectura ,  Boehringer Ingelheim , and  AstraZeneca. He has attended international conferences with  Teva. He has consultancy agreements with  Sanofi ,  AstraZeneca , and Vectura. Claus Bachert: supported by grants from the  European Commission 's  Seventh Framework programme  under grant agreement no.
Rabies is listed as one of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) Neglected Tropical Diseases Worldwide, with a significant impact in South America. This paper explores the dynamics of rabies cases in humans, pets (dogs and cats), livestock and wildlife (bats in particular) in South America during the period 2009-2018. The data used in this study were derived from the two main databases for rabies in South America: the OIE-WAHIS from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and PANAFTOSA's Regional Information System for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Rabies (SIRVERA). Being a neglected disease with possible underreporting in some areas, the reported rabies cases may not always represent the real disease burden. The analysis focuses on the evolution of the number of cases in time and their spatial distribution, as well as on the main source of infections in humans, determined by laboratory assays of the antigenic variant or through epidemiological investigations.
Additionally, OIE, WHO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC) are working together in the framework of a comprehensive Strategic Plan to reach zero human dog-mediated rabies cases by 2030 ("Zero by 30"). The plan aims to provide a coordinated common ground for rabies prevention, through the strengthening of human and veterinary health systems. Considering that, despite the enormous progress in the last decades, the burden of rabies is still significant in South America, this work used the official information retrieved from the OIE-WAHIS database to describe: (i) the dynamics of rabies cases in animals and humans from 2009 to 2018; (ii) the spatial case report rate at administrative division level, (iii) the source of human cases and (iv) the factors affecting the occurrence of human cases in South America.
Previous studies have performed descriptive and statistical analysis to summarize data reported by the National Veterinary Services to the OIE, providing valuable insights on the epidemiological situation of the diseases at both regional and global scale  [21] [22] [23]. In this study, to complement OIE-WAHIS data, human and animal rabies cases, including epidemiological details (e. g. , whether it was linked to the aerial or terrestrial cycles variants), were extracted from the Regional Epidemiologic Surveillance System for Rabies (SIRVERA), maintained by the Veterinary Public Health area of PAHO and available online: https: //sirvera. panaftosa. org. br/ (accessed on 3 June 2021).
Study Area The analysis included data on animal and human cases, submitted by the 13 countries included in the South America Region to both OIE-WAHIS and SIRVERA systems, during the period 2009-2018. The study area included 239 first level administrative divisions, representing the most accurate level of spatial data provided. The area of study (countries of South America) was chosen due to the geographical distribution of Desmodus rotundus and considering the completeness of the available data.
Databases Used and Species Categorization Data were collected from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, Salud Publica Veterinaria (PANAFTOSA). OIE's mandate is to ensure transparency in the global animal disease situation. These data are submitted to the OIE by the National Authorities of 182 OIE Member Countries that have the legal obligation to report data concerning notifiable animal diseases, including rabies. An additional 20 countries and territories provide information to the OIE on a voluntary basis. All countries of South America provide information to the OIE. The data used in this study were derived from the OIE monitoring system, that includes data sent every six months by each country on the absence or presence, changes in the occurrence of all OIE-listed diseases in animals, and related quantitative data.
PANAFTOSA's Regional Information System for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Rabies (SIRVERA)  [9]  collects monthly data on the occurrence of rabies in animals and humans in countries of Latin America. It also collects information on the source of infection for human cases. The information collected from the two databases were merged and integrated, to increase the accuracy and exhaustiveness of the information available on humans and animals related to rabies. In our study, the information on the number of rabies cases in animals per year and by species for the first administrative divisions of the 13 countries under study was collected mainly from OIE-WAHIS. On the other hand, the number of rabies cases in humans and pets for the same area and period of study were collected mainly from SIRVERA.
Rabies as a Public Health Threat To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the global epidemiological situation of rabies in South America with an integrated approach using the two most important international and regional surveillance systems for human and animal health. The method presented in this work is in line with the recommended One Health approach, providing a meaningful and complete information about the disease, from a human, animal, and environmental perspective. International reporting of countries of the animal epidemiological status through OIE-WAHIS, is quite accurate but can sometimes lack information more easily collected by a regional reporting system. As the National Veterinary Services provide data to the OIE, OIE-WAHIS remains a valuable source of information for livestock and wildlife rabies cases.
In addition, surveillance systems for cattle were suggested to alert the health sector about the presence of Lyssavirus in animals  [63]. Currently, there is a lack of studies to understand host-virus dynamics for rabies or the ecology of these interactions in South America  [64]. Additionally, there is insufficient knowledge of viral persistence mechanisms in bats. Besides, South America's bat species population are poorly known and other potential host reservoirs carrying rabies virus are not reported in all countries  [65]. Future studies on these subjects would be welcomed. In particular, as highlighted by our analysis it would be very important to improve and make routine rabies viruses typing, in order to better understand the disease dynamics. The continuous collection of this information in regional and international databases would be of pivotal importance from an epidemiological perspective.
Remerciements :   CHU Rémond Poincaré, Garches (université de Versailles, Paris 13 ; en particulier le service de médecine physique et réadaptation (MPR) de Netter, service du Pr François Genet, et le laboratoire handicap neuromusculaire, physiopathologie, biothérapie et pharmacologie appliquées, END- INCAP, U1179, INSERM.  cérébrale et musculaire. C'est le même processus de plasticité que chez les sportifs, plus ils s'entraînent difficilement jusqu'à la fatigue (épuisement), plus leur organisme devient tolérant aux activités physiques qui paraissaient difficiles antérieurement. Ça ne marche que si on fait un peu plus qu'hier ou la semaine dernière [11]. Conclusion Car nous constatons que la kinésithérapie seule ne peut pas résoudre le problème de la parésie spastique La spasticité est un symptôme très fréquent dans la plupart des affections du SNC.
Cette réforme s'est poursuivie sous la présidence  Sarkozy (2007 Sarkozy ( -2012)). Chaque Agence de l'eau est devenue l'unique acheteur public de prestations de surveillance chimique, puis chimique et biologique, des eaux de surface dans son bassin pour le compte de l'État. Aussitôt l'accréditation promue par les arrêtés « agrément », les hydrobiologistes des DREAL se sont mobi- lisés collectivement, à travers des groupes de travail et le partage de manuels de qualité pour obtenir le sceau du Cofrac et se maintenir comme producteurs de données de surveillance. L'accréditation suscitait néanmoins des controverses dans leur champ professionnel. Ils ont argué que les procédures d'accréditation ne suffisaient pas pour garantir des données de qualité et qu'il était risqué d'évaluer l'état des écosystèmes sur la base de données hydrobiologiques potentiellement erronées.
Remerciements Les auteurs remercient en premier lieu  V. Delattre  ( Inrap CIF -UMR 6298 ARTeHIS) et l'Inrap pour leur avoir donné accès à la collection de Blandy-les-Tours, ainsi que le Service des Antiquités du Soudan et la Mission de Saï  pour l'accès à la collection de la nécropole  8B-51. CP et FS remercient également plus particulièrement  Y. Heuzé  ( UMR 5199 PACEA ),  S. Villotte  ( UMR 5199  PACEA) et  V. Sparacello  ( UMR 5199  PACEA) pour leurs conseils et avis lors de l'élaboration de l'étude, et  S. Van Dongen  ( Université d'Anvers ) pour son avis sur les aspects statistiques du protocole. Nous remercions également les deux relecteurs anonymes pour leurs remarques et suggestions. Cette étude a été financée par une bourse de recherche doctorale attribuée au premier auteur par le ministère de l' Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, et grâce au soutien pratique et financier du laboratoire d 'accueil, l'UMR 5199 PACEA.
Data are presented as median [25 th -75 th percentiles] or percentages as appropriate. Comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney or exact Fisher tests as required. P-values ≤0. 05 were considered as significant. One hundred-and-eight successive HIV-negative COVID-19 patients (Male/Female sex ratio, 4. 4; age, 62 years [56-68]) with the usual risk factors for severe COVID-19 presentation were included (Table1). All except three patients were intubated on admission. Thirty-four patients (31. 4%) who developed ARDS received at least one day of corticosteroids before BAL sampling. Respiratory samples included 80 BALs (74. 1%), 22 tracheal aspirates (20. 4%), 4 sputa (3. 7%) and two bronchial aspiration fluids (1. 9%). In 10/108 patients (9. 3%), P. jirovecii RTqPCR was positive. Median delay between sampling and ICU admission was 2days [1-2].
France's COVID-19 epidemic situation is at a turning point. Case incidence is increasing with the rapid progression of the Delta variant (63% of detected cases carried the L452R mutation as of July 16). 1,2 Vaccination rates had been dropping since the end of May,  3  but recently announced policies have boosted them. Their effect on the pandemic, however, will be inevitably delayed. Incidence, presence of Delta variant, vaccination and infection-acquired immunity are heterogeneous in space, and this may be further exacerbated by summerseason mobility. Here, we propose a risk metric based on five components to identify the departments in mainland France that will be more exposed to sharp surges during summer 2021. We used hospitalization, COVID-19 incidence, PCR screening and vaccination data from official sources, crowding and contact data from Facebook.
Funding The study was partially supported by  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  projects  DATAREDUX  ( ANR-19-CE46-0008-03 ) and  EVALCOVID-19  ( ANR-20-706 COVI-0007 );  European Union   Horizon 2020 programme grants MOOD  ( H2020-874850 ) and  RECOVER  ( H2020-101003589 ); the  EMERGEN  project.