dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
EPDs have to be stored in the regulated database and can be transferred to the INIES database for use in building labelling schemes (e. g. in HQE). It is required to provide a cradle-to-grave EPD to comply with the decree. A specific rule in the decree also details further requirements for a group of manufacturers' EPD to ensure a limited variability amongst the averaged producers. From 1 July 2017, the decree will come into force for technical equipment (incl. electrical, electronic and HVAC equipment) (AFNOR 2014c). Concerning the technical calculation rules, all background databases which comply with NF EN 15804+A1, XP P 01-064/CN and EN TR 15941 can be used for the French EPDs (INIES). The EPD should be updated every 5 years or before if significant changes occurred in the product's manufacturing process.
So far, more than 1500 EPDs covering more than 27, 000 commercial references are available in the database  (INIES 2014). Around 80 % of them are single manufacturer's EPDs and 20 % group of manufacturer's EPD. As EPDs are now available for the different components of a building, they can be used in building LCA studies through XML export of the database to building-level LCA tools. The verification process of EPDs, managed by AFNOR, started in 2006. The verification programme includes a recognition procedure for verifiers' competences including an examination to certify the competences of verifiers  (INIES 2014). Up to now, 12 verifiers have been approved for a 3-year period. 6 NIES is active at the EU level through the participation to the ECO Platform works. In that context, the checklist for verification of EPDs defined at the EU level has now been translated into the programme.
2009) , the non-renewable and total primary energy have to be provided. The data also has to fulfil the quality criteria of the LCA building product list. Furthermore, it forms the basis for all building certification schemes and standards in Switzerland (MINERGIE-A, MINERGIE (-P/-A)-ECO, 2000-W-Development Site, Standard for Sustainable Construction and for the moment DGNB/SGNI Switzerland) and is therefore of high importance. Despite the decision that there is no need for a national EPD programme in Switzerland, several organisations are discussing or are even working on a programme. The work and discussions include a programme which could be carried by one specific building material association and another which could be based on a material-neutral organisation. The programme then could either be in collaboration with an existing European programme or be developed specifically for Switzerland.
All these impact categories, except for biodiversity as endpoint indicator, are currently included in the PEF method. If these would hence be added to the CEN standards, this could be an important step in terms of harmonisation of both. In parallel, if we go towards a more complete list of LICA indicators, harmonisation of background databases would be needed as currently, substantial differences (more than the one found for primary energy or GWP) can be found for some impact categories highly relying on the background database LCI level of details, e. g. toxicity and ecotoxicity  (Lesage et al. 2013; Lasvaux et al. 2014b; Lasvaux et al. 2015). Last but not least, the construction industry and the European Commission are aware of the need for harmonisation between the different environmental claims, especially between the EPDs based on the EN 15804 and the PEFs based on the PEF method.
Acknowledgments The authors would like to extend their thanks to  Graz University of Technology  for all its financial support on the occasion of the  Sustainable Building Conference (Graz SB13 ) and especially to the organisation team for providing the logistics and a suitable location for the international EPD workshop. In addition to the authors, the following persons whom we would like to thank for their presentations participated in the workshop are  Peter Maydl  ( Graz University of Technology ),  Gernot Brandweiner  ( Verband Österreichischer Beton-und Fertigteilwerke/AT ) and  Rainer Mikulits  ( Austrian Institute of Construction Engineering/AT ). We would also like to thank  Guillaume Habert  from  ETH Zürich/CH  and two anonymous reviewers for providing feedback on improving the paper.
g. national 15804 in in development with especially 15804, specific rules EN 15804: appendix of EN development sanitary and comfort aspects to defined in IBU's PCR addition to Bdata 15804 in France) keep the same part A (applicable to quality^and level of completeness as the first all EPDs) and product Bdisposal phaseB generation of EPDs category-specific PCR part B documents ackground database Ecoinvent b and GaBi c The Royal Decree is open, but Available background data in LCA GaBi and ecoinvent v2. 2 Ecoinvent b version 2. 2 used for the LCA request software (limited to non- transparent information (e. g. ecoinvent, GaBi…) German EPDs) Organisation of the Bau EPD GmbH d is a OVAM g in cooperation with Multi-stakeholders process Institut Bauen und Umwelt No Swiss program national EPD cooperation Brussels Environmental involving public authorities, (IBU) e.
000 (EHPD) program in the fol- per EPD (5 and more for EPDs lowing link: EPDs) verification, prepared by not- www. afnor. org/content/ 700 € per EPD; label fee, registered LCA download/62497/691387. 500 € per EPD; practitioners; yearly Fees (excl. VAT) annual membership for fee, €1. 200-9. 000 -examination of the product manufacturers, depending on issuer's file, 800 to 9. 000 €, depending company/association between 100 and 200€ on size of size depending on the company/association, number of EPDs; running non-members have costs for the INIES higher annual declaration database, 100€ per year fees Verification process According to According to ecoplatform j According to ecoplatform j According to ecoplatform j Independent external ecoplatform j declaration Certification of verifiers Verifiers have to fulfill Procedure under development - According to ecoplatform + exam According to ecoplatform j Declaration based on EN specific criteria ECO-platform to certify the competences ISO 14025:2010 according to will be taken into account of the verifiers.
Acknowledgements. The authors would like to thank two anonymous referees for their detailed and constructive criticism. S. Dubey  has benefitted from the support of the  Indo-French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research (IFCPRA/CEFIPRA)  under the sponsored project number  4107-1. T. Dubos ,  Y. Meurdesoif  and  F. Hourdin  acknowledge the support of the  French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)  under reference  ANR-14-CE23-0010-01. Edited by:  A. Sandu.
KEYNOTE-087 (NCT02453594 ) is a multicenter, nonrandomized, multicohort Phase II study comprising patients with cHL who have failed to achieve a response or progressed after auto-SCT and BV (cohort 1); patients who are not eligible for auto-SCT and have failed to achieve a response or progressed after BV (cohort 2); and patients who have failed to achieve a response or progressed after auto-SCT and have not received BV after auto-SCT (cohort 3). Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years, measurable disease, ECOG performance status 0/1, and adequate organ function. Exclusion criteria include immunosuppression, allogeneic stem cell transplantation within 5 years, active pneumonitis, and prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Treatment with pembrolizumab IV 200 mg Q3W will continue for ≤24 months or until confirmed disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or physician decision.
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the  French Polar Institute (IPEV)  through grant  1042  to F. Domine and by  NSERC  through the  discovery grant program. We thank  Neige Calonne  and  Frédéric Flin  for kindly making their data available to us. CNRM-GAME/CEN and LGGE are part of LabEx OSUG@2020. Edited by:  M. Schneebeli.
Acknowledgements. This study was funded by the  French National 960 Research Agency (ANR)  under the  SUMER (Blanc SIMI  6) 2012 project referenced as  ANR-12-BS06-0018. This research is also a contribution to the  Belgian Federal Research Project "IceCon" (Constraining Antarctic ice mass change) BEL-SPO , contract number  SD/CA/06A. Edited by:  G. H. Gudmundsson.
Acknowledgements. This work is supported by grants from the  program 'Investissements d'Avenir'  with reference  ANR-11-LABX-0021-01-LipSTIC Labex , the  Conseil Regional de Bourgogne , the  INCa (Institut National du Cancer ,  PLBIO14-007 ) and the  ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche ,  07-PCV-0031  and SphingoDR). AM was supported by fellowships from the  Ministry of Research and Education and the Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer. We are indebted to  Dr Jerry Chipuk  ( Icahn Medical Institute, New York, NY ) for the pBabe-Bcl-xL retroviral vector and  Dr Patrick Legembre , ( INSERM U1085, Rennes, France ) for MDA-MB-231 cells.
The sample of ion beams used here is a selection from the database of ∼200 events discussed by  Maggiolo et al. [2011]. In about 40% of these events a hot isotropic background population is present in addition to the upflowing ions. This 40% is not included in our set because in such cases it is not always possible to clearly separate both populations. Also, in order to avoid possible intercalibration issues, we only use measurements from CODIF on Cluster 1, until September 2004, when that instrument stopped working. Events were also eliminated if there were not enough data to obtain a decent median density (i. e. , less than four data points). The resulting sample contains 67 events, relatively well distributed over local time and latitude. The events were characterized by considering the central 60% of the time interval during which the beams are seen.
The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014) is the first publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2013. It consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 200 trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classical hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing a strongly inter-linked on-line atlas including more than 300 section plots and 90 animated 3D scenes. The IDP2014 covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, exhibiting highest data density in the Atlantic. The TEI data in the IDP2014 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at cross-over stations. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII spreadsheet, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection.
In addition to the actual data values the IDP2014 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked to the data in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2014 data providing section plots and a new kind of animated 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes allow for viewing of data from many cruises at the same time, thereby providing quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. In addition, the 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of observed tracer plumes, as well as for making inferences about controlling processes.
Introduction GEOTRACES is an international study of the marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs), designed by marine geochemists to accelerate TEI research under a global program. Combining ocean sections, process studies, data synthesis, and modelling, GEOTRACES will identify and quantify the processes that supply TEIs at ocean boundaries as well as the physical and biological processes that redistribute TEIs within and between ocean basins  (Anderson et al. , 2014; SCOR Working Group, 2007; GEOTRACES, 2006; Anderson and Henderson, 2005; Frank et al. , 2003 ; http://www. geotraces. org/). GEOTRACES decided in 2011 to create and release the GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014). The main motivation was to not wait until the end of the programme to issue a final data product, but instead to create and release a first intermediate data product at a time when the programme is very active and still expanding, both in terms of observational activities as well as the scientific analysis of the data produced so far.
By releasing and sharing the data at an early stage, GEOTRACES intends not only to strengthen and intensify collaboration within the geochemical community itself, but also to attract and invite colleagues from other communities, such as physical and biological oceanography, as well as modelling, to apply their unique knowledge and skills to marine geochemical problems. Realising that building-up and strengthening multi-disciplinary collaboration takes time, GEOTRACES from its beginning has stimulated cross-disciplinary collaboration by organising a series of data/model synergy workshops (6-8 September 2007, Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg, Delmenhorst, Germany; 7-10 December 2009, École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France; 14-17 November 2011, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain). The release of the IDP2014 now provides the extensive and high-quality observational dataset needed for conducting the many new collaborative projects and modelling studies initially discussed at these workshops and aimed at improving our understanding of the cycling of TEIs in the ocean and quantifying respective sources and sinks  (GEOTRACES, 2006).
The IDP2014 is the result of a community effort and would not exist without the successful collaboration of a large part of the marine geochemical community within GEOTRACES and the willingness of participating scientists to release their published and even unpublished data as part of this product. In a field where sampling, measurement and calibration of the various tracers involve highly specialised skills and can only be achieved by few laboratories world-wide, this degree of collaboration, openness and sharing of data is exceptional. The IDP2014 consists of two parts: (1) the digital data compilation of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classic hydrographic parameters and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing section plots and animated 3D scenes of the data.
IDP2014 digital data The IDP2014 digital data package consists of two datasets: (1) the CTD sensor data and (2) the discrete sample dataset containing the TEI data. Both datasets include data from 15 cruises conducted in the 5-year period from 2007 to 2012 (Table  1 ). These cruises cover the Arctic, Atlantic and Indian oceans (Fig. 1 ). The best coverage and highest station density are found in the Atlantic. In addition to GEOTRACES Sections, GA02, GA03, GA10, GA11, and GI04, the IDP2014 also includes data from the GEOTRACES compliant cruise GAc01 (CoFeMUG) and five cruises GIPY2, GIPY4, GIPY5, GIPY6, and GIPY11, which were conducted as part of the International Polar Year (for an overview of IPY activities see: http://www. icsu. org/publications/reports-and-reviews/ ipy-summary). Links to the cruise reports of all cruises are provided in Table  2.
The CTD sensor dataset contains temperature, salinity, oxygen, fluorescence, transmissometer, turbidity, and photosyntheticallyactive radiation (PAR) data at 1126 stations at 1 meter vertical resolution. The fluorescence and transmissometer data provide information on phytoplankton abundance and suspended particle concentrations and are thus important for the interpretation of TEI data. Where calibrated data were not available, raw values are provided. These uncalibrated data are still useful as they reveal the relative magnitude and vertical extent of phytoplankton and suspended particle features. The IDP2014 discrete sample dataset contains data for 796 stations. Of these stations, 693 provide full-depth coverage of the water column. There are data for a total number of 237 parameters, including (1) classic hydrographic parameters and tracers such as temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, CFCs, SF6, Tritium, and He-3, (2) dissolved and particulate trace elements such as Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn and Rare Earth Elements (REEs), (3) stable isotopes such as H-2, C-13, N-15,  as well as (4)radioactive isotopes like Pb-210, Po-210, Th-230, Pa-231, Th-232, and Th-234.
This is, however, an "intermediate" product, and there is clearly a significant amount of further data to come from GEOTRACES cruises, both those represented in the IDP2014, and those more recently completed or planned. The IDP2014 contains only those data that were completed and submitted before the cut-off date of December 2013. Further data will be included in subsequent intermediate products (as detailed below) and will significantly augment the data coverage represented in IDP2014. The GEOTRACES Standards and Intercalibration Committee reviewed all key GEOTRACES TEI data for the IDP2014 following procedures developed as part of the 2008-2010 Intercalibration programme  (Cutter, 2013)  and the results from the GEOTRACES Intercalibration programme can be found in a special issue of Limnology & Oceanography Methods http://www.
Cruise Cruise report TEI data from both cruises were evaluated to see if they met criteria established by the larger TEI community (e. g. , concentrations within 10% for Cd) and proper calibration and verification (e. g. , analysing certified reference materials) procedures were followed. The distinct advantage of comparing crossover data was that it included the factors affecting accuracy due to sampling and sample handling procedures as well as from analytical methods. For cruises not having crossover stations to date (e. g. , Indian Ocean), replicate sampling at multiple depths and having multiple labs analyse these samples allowed for examinations of accuracy for at least the sample handling through analytical steps. In addition to the actual data values the IDP2014 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available.
Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Quality flags are single character codes reflecting the quality of the respective data value. The IDP2014 uses the IODE quality flag set that was recently recommended as standard flagging scheme for the exchange of oceanographic and marine meteorological data (www. iode. org/mg54_3). The IODE flagging scheme is generic and simple, only containing the five flags listed in Table  4. The IDP2014 employs the following parameter naming scheme. Standard hydrographic parameters, such as pressure, depth, oxygen, and nutrients, use names as defined in the WOCE/CLIVAR naming conventions (http://cchdo. ucsd. edu/parameter_descriptions). Examples are CTDPRS, CTDTMP, CTDSAL and CTDOXY for pressure, temperature, salinity and oxygen from CTD sensors, respectively, and SALNTY, PHSPHT, NITRAT, SILCAT for salinity, phosphate, nitrate and silicate, respectively, measured on bottle samples.
All other trace elements and isotope names are composed of up to six separate tokens as follows: Tokens 2 and 3 are optional, while all other tokens are mandatory. Meaning and possible values of all the six tokens are described in Table  5. Example parameter names are given in Table  6. The IDP2014 digital data compilation is available for download at http://www. bodc. ac. uk/geotraces/data/idp2014/. Users are required to register and agree to usage rules asking for proper citation of the relevant original papers associated with the particular data used, as well as citation of the IDP2014 data product itself (this paper). The data are available in various formats: (1) as ASCII text files suitable for usage in standard software, (2) as Excel spreadsheet files for Microsoft Excel or similar software, (3) as netCDF files suitable for access by models and netCDF readers, and (4) as ODV collections for use with the popular Ocean Data View software (http://odv.
awi. de). Cruise reports as well as the data info files provide information about data originator, original publications related to the data as well as analytical methods and are maintained for every parameter and every cruise and are delivered with all format options. Access to these metadata is particularly easy in ODV, where only two mouse clicks are required to obtain detailed information about the data producer and the analytical methods for any given data value. One more mouse click shows the references of the original publications associated with a given parameter and cruise. Proper linkage of originator and publication information is used throughout the IDP2014. The publication links in the IDP2014 point to a reference database of original publications maintained at the GEOTRACES International Programme Office (IPO).
This reference database is updated whenever You use the browser's "Back" button to return to the original section page. Clicking on a rotating 3D scene produces a blown-up version of the animation. Clicking on the blown-up animation returns it to the original size. An option bar appears when the mouse is over the animation. You can use the bar to stop the animation at arbitrary angles and quickly choose other viewing angles. Section and 3D animation pages contain groups of links at the bottom of the page. These include (a) links to other tracers along this section or in this scene, (b) other sections or 3D scenes with this tracer, and (c) 3D scenes or sections with this tracer. These links greatly facilitate the switching between and comparing of different tracers, sections and 3D scenes. All section plots use the same window layout.
Therefore section plots perfectly match when switching between tracers. The links under category (c) allow for easy transitions between section plots and 3D animations. Section pages also contain a link to the original publications associated with the given tracer and section. Clicking on this link shows the current list of publications from the dynamically updated reference database maintained at the IPO (see above). eGEOTRACES provides quick overviews of the occurrence of geochemically relevant tracers. The 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context crucial for correctly assessing the extent and origin of tracer plumes as well as for inferring processes acting on the tracers and shaping their distribution. The numerous links to other tracers, sections and basins found on section plots and 3D animations allow for quick switching between tracers and domains and facilitate comparative studies.
In addition to the anticipated usage for marine research, eGEOTRACES and the contained visual material can help in teaching and outreach activities and can also facilitate conveying societally-relevant scientific results to interested non-scientists and policy makers. Images from the eGEOTRACES Atlas are freely available for noncommercial purposes, such as in scientific publications, posters, presentations or teaching activities, if the source is cited as follows: Schlitzer, R. , eGEOTRACES -Electronic Atlas of GEOTRACES Sections and Animated 3D Scenes, http://egeotraces. org, 2014. Users must not remove the names of data producers and graphics creator. High-resolution images are available on request.