dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Application to LEGACY targets In this section, we apply the two modelling strategies of Sect. 3 to ten targets from the Kepler LEGACY sample  (Lund et al. 2017)  with the best data quality. We divided these targets into two categories that differed by the set of classical constraints considered. The 16 Cyg binary system is one of the best-studied systems from an asteroseismic point of view (see  Buldgen et al. 2022b , and references therein). The constraints on 16 Cyg A and B are therefore at another level than the other targets in the LEGACY sample. An interferometric radius was available for these targets  (White et al. 2013 ), and we considered the following classical constraints: effective temperature, metallicity, and interferometric radius. They are summarised in Table  5. We preferred the interferometric radius because it is more constraining and more accurately determined than the absolute luminosity, which depends on the bolometric correction and extinction map considered.
Acknowledgements. We would like to thank  Takafumi Sonoi  for providing the models and associated data from Sonoi et al. (2015). J. B. and G. B. acknowledge funding from the  SNF AMBIZIONE  grant No  185805  (Seismic inversions and  modelling of transport processes in stars ). P. E. and G. M. have received funding from the  European Research Council (ERC)  under the European Union's  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  (grant agreement No  833925 , project STAREX). M. F. acknowledges the support  STFC  consolidated grant  ST/T000252/1. Finally, this work has benefited from financial support by  CNES (Centre National des Études Spatiales)  in the framework of its contribution to the PLATO mission. A10, page 19 of 26 Bétrisey, J. , et al. : A&A 676, A10 (2023).
[4]. Its full length is 1. 4 m. Such short magnets are usually protected Manuscript received 13 November 2022; revised 5 February 2023 and 11 February 2023; accepted 11 February 2023. Date of publication 22 February 2023; date of current version 7 March 2023. This work was supported by the Academy of Finland Project (HiQuench) under Grant 336287. (Corresponding author: Dong Liu. ).
A thorough literature search was conducted using the PUBMED/MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify original studies focusing on the safety profile of combining T-DM1 with RT. Results: After applying eligibility criteria, nine articles were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled data from these studies revealed a high incidence of grade 3 + radionecrosis (17%), while the rates of grade 3 + radiation-related pneumonitis (<1%) and skin toxicity (1%) were found to be very low.
Literature analysis and systematic review A systematic review was conducted to identify original studies on the safety profile of T-DM1 and RT combination. The search strategy was implemented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement  [20] , to search PUBMED/MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane literature databases between January 2010 and September 2022 (Fig. 1 ).
In case of any disagreements, a third author (IM) resolved the discrepancies, ensuring the reliability of the extracted data. The study-specific group of patients developing grade equal or greater than 2 or 3 (grade 2 + or 3 + ) radionecrosis, radiation pneumonitis, and skin toxicity were pooled into summary proportions using the metaprop command in Stata Software (StataCorp LLC, Texas, USA), with prior Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation of proportions (and subsequent back-transformation of the pooled estimate) and use of the exact method to calculate the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)  [21]. By means of this approach, proportions close or equal to 0% can be accommodated. The heterogeneity across studies was quantified using the I 2 statistics, which can be interpreted as the proportion of the total variability of study estimates that is due to actual heterogeneity rather than mere chance.
Main studies characteristics are summarized in Table  1 , including sequencing of TDM1 with RT and site of RT  [16, 17, [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34]. Except for the study conducted by Bellon et al. [17] , detailed information regarding radiation therapy dose, fractionation, and treatment volumes was not available in the included studies. A total of 1813 patients were included in the evaluation, with a median age ranging from 35 to 56 years and a follow-up period ranging from 3 to 57 months. Among the included studies, only six provided information on the total fractionated dose and number of fractions used for RT  [25, [28] [29] [30] [31] 33] , while no data on the RT schedules were reported in six studies  [16, 17, 26, 27, 32, 34]. Risk of Bias and GRADE assessments of trials included in the meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the quality of the included studies.
It is important to note that data regarding the integration of ultrahypofractionated RT and T-DM1 are currently lacking. Therefore, further research and data are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using ultra-hypofractionated RT in conjunction with T-DM1. Three studies included in our review provided data on radiation-related pneumonitis in patients receiving T-DM1 treatment. In the KATHERINE trial, the risk of radiation-associated pneumonitis was slightly higher (1. 5% vs. 0. 7%) compared to the trastuzumab arm  [16]. The ATEMPT trial reported a similar rate of radiation-related pneumonitis, with one patient in each arm developing grade 3 pneumonitis  [17]. Another study conducted by Krop et al. [32] , involved a phase 2 trial in early breast cancer patients receiving T-DM1 after anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their gratitude to  Tessa Piazzini  and  Alida Daniele  from the  Biblioteca Biomedica at the University of Florence, Florence, Italy , for their valuable contribution to the literature search conducted for this study. The research data are securely stored and can be made available upon request to the corresponding author. Charlotte E. Coles  ( CEC ) acknowledges funding from the  National Institute of Health and Social Care Research (NIHR)  and support from the  NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. It is important to note that the views expressed in this study are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the NIHR or the  Department of Health and Social Care. We extend our thanks to  Fondazione Radioterapia Oncologica (FRO)  non-profit organization and all those who have provided essential support for scientific research.
Extremes, i. e. , grades 0 and 3, were chosen based on sample availability after matching, while male subjects were included to complement animal experiments and mitigate potential sexrelated differences  [31, 32]. Data were also obtained for % calcification in epigastric artery vessel segments (for only 10/16 patients), measured semi-quantitatively in a previous study  [33, 34]. hsCRP and creatinine quantification were performed by routine laboratory tests. The 8-OHdG was determined using High Sensitivity 8-OHdG ELISA Assay Kit (JaICA). Patient epigastric artery segments were used for subsequent protein and RNA expression analysis and uremic serum from patients with calcified vessels was used for in vitro calcification experiments. All experiments were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
mRNA Expression Total RNA extraction was performed for TA, human epigastric arteries and VSMCs. RNA quality was examined and qPCR performed after first strand DNA synthesis. For TA, data were analyzed with LightCycler 96 software 1. 1 and mRNA expression was quantified as a Relative Ratio using three housekeeping genes: β-act, Gusb, and Hprt1. For epigastric arteries and VSMCs, data were analyzed using QuantStudio 7 Flex Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA) and relative expression was calculated with the 2∆∆Ct method, using GAPDH as reference. For human samples, mRNA expression in the form of Ct (housekeeping gene)/Ct (gene of interest) was also calculated to correlate with other genes of interest, % calcification of vessels and hsCRP. See primers sequences in Supplementary Table  S2.
Heart and kidney fibrosis was determined histologically by Sirius red staining. Data presented as mean ± SEM. Data in bold followed by * are significantly different from the control group (the p-value from Tukey's multiple comparison test are indicated; ***: p < 0. 001, **: p < 0. 01, *: p < 0. 05, *t: 0. 05 < p < 0. 1). Data in bold followed by # are significantly different from the SNX 0. 4 group (#: p < 0. 05, #t: 0. 05 < p < 0. 1). The p-value from ANOVA test is indicated in the far right column (in bold if p < 0. 05). Abbreviations: Ca: Calcium, P: Phosphate, SNX: Subtotal Nephrectomy. VC measured by von Kossa staining and Ca content was clearly increased in aortic arches and thoracic aortas in SNX 0. 4 group (Figure  1a-c , p < 0. 05 vs. SNX and controls), and the same trend was observed in SNX 0.
Therapeutics targeting the calcification process in CKD are limited. While phosphate binders and calcimimetics are viable treatment options for patients with abnormal phosphate metabolism, unequivocal evidence of these compounds reducing major cardiovascular events in randomized controlled trials is lacking  [8, 76]. Therapeutically targeting central aging pathways may be more effective in resolving or delaying the onset of the multiple burden of lifestyle diseases simultaneously, rather than approaching each disease as a single entity. While clinical trials investigating the effects of NRF2 agonists (NCT04608903) and senolytics (NCT02848131) in CKD patients are ongoing, to the best of our knowledge, their potential effects on VC or early vascular aging are not being investigated. Strengths of our study include the translational design using a novel rat model of uremic VC, arteries from kidney failure patients and in vitro experiments.
Acknowledgments: We thank the Montpellier imaging facility MRI, member of the  France-BioImaging national infrastructure  supported by the  French National Research Agency  ( ANR-10-INBS-04 ,  «Investments  for the future»), and Montpellier's histology platform ( RHEM-Biocampus ) for their technical assistance. We also thank  Fabrice Raynaud  for his valuable assistance in acquiring some microscopy images.
Funding: This research was supported by EU RESEARCH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME: Innovative Training Network "CaReSyAn" (H2020-MSCA-ITN-764474), Heart and Lung Foundation (20160384), Njurfonden, CIMED and Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet 2018-00932 GOING-FWD; 2021-01102). The authors have not received any funding or benefits from industry to conduct this study.
In 2014, three groups announced independently, just within a few weeks, the successful synthesis of germanene. The first article described the in situ deposition of Ge onto a Pt(111) substrate  [6] , but the paper was rapidly questioned because of the likely formation of Ge 3 Pt germanide clusters arranged in a 2D lattice, instead of the claimed germanene sheet  [7]. The second article, the most cited experimental paper on germanene (according to Web of Science database in 2023), described the top-down synthesis on a Au(111) template  [8]. The third one, immediately after, showed, instead, the bottom-up formation of germanene by segregation on top of preformed Ge 2 Pt clusters, where their sizes were, clearly, a limitation  [9]. These articles illustrate the two methods of choice, top-down and bottom-up, for the dry synthesis of germanene (and other Xenes).
The joint properties of state-trait rs-fMRI signal variation remains poorly understood, constituting a critical knowledge gap. An individual's mental state at any given time of rs-fMRI may be influenced by many intrinsic (e. g. metabolic)  (8, 9)  or extrinsic (e. g. medications) factors that directly affect the circuit activity underlying complex behavior  (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18). On the other hand, there might be other dimensions that contribute to variability in large neuroimaging datasets and undermine their ability to identify clear brain-behavior relationships. One of these dimensions may be time-varying signal dynamics. For instance, personality theories posit that traits are characterized as patterns of thoughts, feeling and behavior that generalize across similar situations within individuals and differ between individuals, whereas behavioral states reflect patterns that vary over time and situations  (19, 20).
Historically, rs-fMRI studies have quantified neural traits (e. g. stationary functional connectivity characterizing a subject) to study how they vary across people in relation to a given behavioral trait (e. g. fluid intelligence or a set of clinical symptoms)  (21) (22) (23). Yet, there is a knowledge gap regarding how combined state and trait variation of spontaneous brain dynamics map onto individual variation in complex behavioral phenotypes. A recent meta-analysis of three large consortia datasets (N=38,863 in total) has shown that brain-behavior associations in the general population have small effect sizes (e. g. |r| < 0. 2) using data from thousands of individuals, when correlating neural measures from structural MRI, rs-fMRI and task fMRI activation to behavioral measures including cognitive ability or psychopathology  (24).
Here, we test the hypothesis that there is a reproducible CAP feature set that reflects both state and trait brain dynamics and that this feature set relates to individual phenotypes across multiple behavioral domains. To address this, we studied rs-fMRI and behavioral data obtained from 337 unrelated healthy young adults in the individual Human Connectome Project (HCP) S1200 data  (42). To optimize neural features accounting for CAP variation within and between subjects, we develop a three-axes model of state-trait brain dynamics using moment-to-moment changes in brain CAPs. We identify three reproducible CAPs that can be quantified at the single subject level, exhibiting recurrent snapshots of resting-state network spatial profiles and individual-specific temporal profiles. By analyzing spatio-temporal state-trait dynamics of CAP patterns, the data revealed groups of individuals that consistently exhibit behaviorally-relevant CAP characteristics.
Methods Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset. Participants were recruited from Washington University (St. Louis, MO) and the surrounding area. We selected participants from the S1200 release of the HCP who had no family relations, resulting in a total of 337 participants included in our analyses. The dataset contains resting-state fMRI data from 180 females and 157 males, with age range 22-37 (mean age=28. 6, SD=3. 7), 90% right-handed. Informed consent was obtained from each participant as directed by the institutional review board at Washington University at St. Louis. Each participant underwent a total of four resting-state BOLD sessions. Additional details about the dataset and preprocessing methods can be found in the Supplementary Materials and in the work by Ji et al. (2023)  (44).
All analyses were approved by the Yale IRB. Functional brain-wide parcellation. We applied a recently developed Cole-Anticevic Brain Network Parcellation (CAB-NP) parcellation  (43) , which defines 12 functional networks and 718 regions across cortex and subcortex that leveraged the Human Connectome Project's Multi-Modal Parcellation (MMP1. 0)  (43, 56). The final published CAB-NP 1. 0 parcellation solution can be visualized via the Brain Analysis Library of Spatial maps and Atlases (BALSA) resource (https:// balsa. wustl. edu/rrg5v) and downloaded from the public repository (https://github. com/ColeLab/ ColeAnticevicNetPartition). The CAP-NP parcellation is comprised of (i) 180 bilateral cortical parcels (a total of 360 across both left and right hemispheres), consistent with the Human Connectome Project's Multi-Modal Parcellation (MMP1.
0)  (56) , and (ii) 358 subcortical parcels defined using resting-state functional BOLD covariation with the cortical network solution  (43). CAP analysis. We identified moment-to-moment changes in the whole brain rs-fMRI BOLD signals at each time point and quantified the spatial patterns of co-activation (CAPs) across individuals, as well as individual variations in CAP temporal organization  (30). The analytic framework proposed in this study is described in Supplementary Fig. S1  and implemented using Python 3. 6. 15 using the Yale High Performance Computing resources. In each permutation, N = 337 subjects are randomly split into two equal-sized groups (n = 168, nonoverlapping subjects). Within each split, a 4, 000 × 718 array of rs-fMRI data are temporally concatenated across subjects.
Lastly, an k-CAP basis set was obtained by using the agglomerative hierarchical clustering of the CAPs estimated from all permutations (Supplementary Fig. S2 ). The probability of CAP occurrence, which be interpreted as an individual's preference for a specific CAP, was quantified examining the number of permutations that resulted in a specific solution k out of 1,000 permutations. Specifically, we compared the probability to have k CAPs involving the CAP of interest and the probability to have k -1 CAPs without involving the CAP of interest, similar to the approaches comparing full and reduced models. First of all, for example, across 1,000 split-half permutations, a subject may be involved in split 1 data (and not in split 2) for 500 permutations. Then, when only considering split 1 data from these 500 permutations, we can compute of permutations that resulted in k and the number of permutations that resulted in k -1, assuming the reproducible estimation of spatial topography of k CAPs across permutations.
Behavioral data analysis. The analysis of behavioral data was implemented using the method described in  (23). We performed PCA on 262 variables across 15 behavioral domains from the HCP S1200 unrestricted and restricted behavioral data (Supplementary Fig. S10 ). Behavioral variable names and the corresponding domains used in this analysis were identical to the variable names provided by the HCP data dictionary for the S1200 data release. When both age-adjusted and un-adjusted data are available, we use ageadjusted data only. To study the association between individual scores on the first behavioral PC and individual scores on the first three neural PCs, we use the multiple linear regression model (behavioral PC 1 ∼ neural PC 1 + neural PC 2 + neural PC 3 + age + sex). The association between a neural PC and the behavioral PC 1 was assessed by calculating the partial R 2 , regression coefficient β, standard error (SE).
The significance of regression coefficients was determined by computing the corresponding t-scores. Partial R 2 was defined as the coefficient of partial determination which is measured by the proportional reduction in sums of squares after a variable of interest is introduced into a model. Visualization and statistical analyses were conducted using Python 3. 6. 15 and R Studio v. 2022. 12. 0. Data Availability. All primary results derive from data that is publicly available from sources described above.
Availability. Codes used in this paper are available from https://github. com/Kangjoo/pycap. Declarations. A. A. and J. D. M. hold equity with Neumora Therapeutics (formerly BlackThorn Therapeutics), Manifest Technologies, and are co-inventors on the following patents: Anticevic A, Murray JD, Ji JL: Systems and Methods for Neuro-Behavioral Relationships in Dimensional Geometric Embedding(N-BRIDGE), PCT International Application No. PCT/US2119/022110, filed March 13, 2019 and Murray JD, Anticevic A, Martin WJ: Methods and tools for detecting, diagnosing, predicting, prognosticating, or treating a neurobehavioral phenotype in a subject, U. S. Application No. 16/149,903, filed on October 2, 664 2018, U. S. Application for PCT International Application No. 18/054, 009 filed on October 2, 2018.
According to the EBMT reporting instructions, MAC was defined as a regimen containing either total body irradiation with a dose equal to or greater than 8 Gy, a total dose of oral busulfan greater than 8 mg/kg, or a total dose of intravenous busulfan greater than 6. 4 mg/kg  [10]. All other regimens were defined as RIC. In the questionnaire a high dose of busulfan was defined as ≥9. 6 mg/kg total dose i. v. or ≥12 mg/kg total dose p. o. Age over 50 years was regarded  as older age; the median age of the patients was 48. 9 years. Metabolic syndrome defined according to NCEP ATPIII 2005  [11]. The registering of hepatotoxic drugs for the study was according to the center report. The data were analyzed at the EBMT Paris data office. The identity of the participating centers and the patients was only known to the data office and not reported to the investigators.
RESULTS Seventy-one centers from 20 countries participated in this study, 24% of all eligible centers (Supplementary Table  2 ). The total number of allogeneic transplantations in adult patients at these centers in the year 2018 was 2886. Among these patients, 93 cases of VOD/SOS had been diagnosed. Additional VOD/SOS -related data was received of 70 patients; these cases were analyzed in detail. In three of these patients, the EBMT criteria for classical VOD/SOS were not fulfilled and there were no findings indicating late-onset VOD/SOS. In two cases the Seattle criteria had been used. These three patients were excluded, and 67 patients remained for the analysis. A summary of the patient material and the main results is presented in Table  2.
Conditioning is thought to play a central role as a cause of VOD/SOS, and it is therefore of interest that the patients with VOD/SOS had not received more often MAC than the patients who had not developed this complication. A similar observation has been made by Bazarbachi et al. [12]. A possible cause for the reduced incidence might be wider use of VOD/SOS prophylaxis at the present time compared with earlier years, but data to support this is not readily available. The EBMT classification presented new detailed criteria for lateonset VOD/SOS. The proportion of late-onset cases of all VOD/SOS in the present material was 22% which is in line with previous reports  [7, [13] [14] [15] [16] , although higher proportions have been presented  [13, 16]. There are three different sets of criteria for the diagnosis of the late-onset form, but it turned out that in the present relatively small group of 15 patients the diagnosis could be made with the criteria of classical VOD/SOS occurring after day 21 in all patients with only one exception.
methodological advances, novel insight can be extracted from the preserved HERA data  [11, 12]  for precision QCD studies as well as for event generator improvements. A canonical set of observables used to explore different aspects of the jet radiation pattern are the generalized angularities  [13] : λ κ β = i∈jet z κ i R i R 0 β , (1) with z i = p T,i /p jet T for a particle with momentum p T,i transverse to the incoming beams and clustered inside a jet with distance parameter R 0 and transverse momentum p jet T. The variable R i is the Euclidean distance between particle i and the jet axis in the pseudorapidity-azimuthal angle plane. These observables can be     1 ) with the constituent electric charge q i to form the charged-weighted angularities λκ β. In this work, normalized multi-differential cross sections are measured as a function of six jet angularities.