dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Measurements of CP asymmetry in charmless B → PV decays are presented, where P and V denote a pseudoscalar and a vector meson, respectively. Five different B → PV decays from four final states, The measurements are based on a method that does not require full amplitude analyses, and are performed using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by LHCb between 2015 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5. 9 fb -1. In the π þ π -P-wave, in the region dominated by the B AE → ρð770Þ 0 K AE decay, a CP asymmetry of A CP ¼ þ0. 150 AE 0. 019 AE 0. 011 is measured, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the first observation of CP violation in this process. For the other four decay channels, in regions dominated by the B AE → ρð770Þ 0 π AE , 0 K AE and B AE → ϕð1020ÞK AE decays, CP asymmetries in the P-wave compatible with zero are measured.
I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the large datasets produced at the LHC have allowed precise measurements of direct CP violation in B meson decays  [1]. However, there are still a number of decay channels without precise CP -asymmetry measurements. Large samples of specific decays are required to improve our knowledge of CP asymmetries in charmless decays of B mesons, including those with neutral mesons in the final state. The start of Belle II  [2]  operations, the coming data-taking with an upgraded LHCb detector  [3] , and the analyses of the data already collected by the LHCb detector will allow the necessary measurements in the near future. Theoretical developments using different approaches have resulted in many predictions for CP asymmetries. Many of these studies are focused on charmless two-body and quasi-two-body B -meson decays, in particular those to two pseudoscalar mesons (B → PP) and to a pseudoscalar and a vector meson (B → PV)  [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14].
019  [20, 21]. In the same analysis, CP asymmetries were observed in the B -→ π -σ and B -→ π -f 2 ð1270Þ decays, A CP ¼ 0. 160 AE 0. 028 and A CP ¼ 0. 468 AE 0. 077, respectively. In this paper, measurements of CP asymmetries in charmless B → PV decays are presented. The measurements are based on data collected by the LHCb detector between 2015 and 2018, corresponding to 5. 9 fb -1 of proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A new method  [12]  that does not rely on a full amplitude analysis is used. The method is based on three key features of three-body B decays: the large phase space; the dominance of scalar and vector resonances with masses below or around 1 GeV=c 2 , confirmed by amplitude analyses performed by Belle  [22, 23] , BABAR  [24] [25] [26] [27]  and LHCb Collaborations  [19] [20] [21] ; and the clear signatures of the resonant amplitudes in the Dalitz plot.
II. LHCb DETECTOR AND DATASET The LHCb detector  [30, 31]  is a single-arm forward spectrometer covering the pseudorapidity range 2 < η < 5, designed for the study of particles containing b or c quarks. The detector includes a high-precision tracking system consisting of a silicon-strip vertex detector surrounding the pp interaction region, a large-area silicon-strip detector located upstream of a dipole magnet with a bending power of about 4 Tm, and three stations of silicon-strip detectors and straw drift tubes placed downstream of the magnet. The tracking system provides a measurement of the momentum, p, of charged particles with a relative uncertainty that varies from 0. 5% at low momentum to 1. 0% at 200 GeV=c. The minimum distance of a track to a primary pp collision vertex, the impact parameter (IP), is measured with a resolution of ð15 þ 29=p T Þ μm, where p T is the component of the momentum transverse to the beam, in GeV=c.
VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION In summary, CP asymmetries in charmless B → PV decays are determined using a new method, without the need for amplitude analyses. The data set analyzed corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5. 9 fb -1 of protonproton collisions collected by the LHCb detector in 2015-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Five decay channels are studied, namely B AE → ϕð1020ÞK AE , B AE → K ð¯Þ Ã ð892Þ 0 π AE , B AE → ρð770Þ 0 π AE , B AE → K ð¯Þ Ã ð892Þ 0 K AE and B AE → ρð770Þ 0 K AE. For the B AE → ρð770Þ 0 K AE region, the CP asymmetry is measured to be A CP ¼ þ0. 150 AE 0. 019 AE 0. 011, which differs from zero by 6. 8σ, computed with the total uncertainty. For the other channels, the measured CP asymmetries are compatible with zero, as predicted using the CPT constraint  [12].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. We thank the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb institutes. We acknowledge support from  CERN  and from the national agencies:  CAPES ,  CNPq ,  FAPERJ  and  FINEP (Brazil) ;  MOST  and  NSFC (China) ;  CNRS/ IN2P3  (France);  BMBF ,  DFG  and  MPG (Germany) ;  INFN (Italy) ;  NWO (Netherlands) ;  MNiSW  and  NCN (Poland) ;  MEN/IFA (Romania) ;  MICINN (Spain) ;  SNSF  and  SER (Switzerland) ;  NASU (Ukraine) ;  STFC  ( United Kingdom );  DOE NP  and  NSF (USA). We acknowledge the computing resources that are provided by  CERN ,  IN2P3 (France) ,  KIT  and  DESY (Germany) ,  INFN (Italy) ,  SURF (Netherlands) ,  PIC (Spain) ,  GridPP  ( United Kingdom ),  CSCS (Switzerland) ,  IFIN-HH (Romania), CBPF (Brazil) ,  Polish WLCG (Poland)  and  NERSC (USA).
Questionnaire reports All eligible patients included in the LIFT cohort, aged from 3 to 4 years old during study period, were contacted by informative letters. Parental consent was obtained. When the BRIEF-P questionnaire was not returned by parents after 1 month, a reminder was given by phone or email. Completed BRIEF-P parental questionnaires were recorded on online Hogrefe software. To assess the behavioral manifestation of EF in everyday life, parents completed the BRIEF-P questionnaire. Items from the BRIEF-P questionnaire have been adapted from the "Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function" by Gioia et al. (23) , based on clinical observations. The BRIEF-P questionnaire comprises five subscales: inhibition, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and planning/organization.
Background variables The LIFT cohort, used for neonatal and child data collection, is registered with the French data protection authority in clinical research (CNIL) under identifier 915452. Neonatal variables collected were sex, GA at birth, Z-score of birth weight, birth head circumference, and Z-score of birth head circumference. We collected pathological events of the neonatal period such as mechanical ventilation, prolonged parenteral nutrition (as persistent perfusion above 35 weeks of GA), abnormal electroencephalogram, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) defined as oxygen therapy for at least 28 days and/or respiratory support required at 36 weeks of GA, and major brain injury (as grade 3 and 4 intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia). Data at discharge were also collected as weight, Z-score of weight, delta of the Z-score of weight, Z-score of head circumference, delta of the Z-score of head circumference, and breastfeeding status.
Statistical analysis Data were collected using Excel (Microsoft Systems, Redmond, Washington, USA). We compared socioeconomic, neonatal, and at-discharge data for included and eligible populations. Continuous quantitative variables were categorized using tercile methods, and qualitative variables were encoded in terms of absence/presence. Pearson's chi-square tests, with Yates correction when appropriate, were used to test the association of each variable with the primary outcome, and univariate logistic regression was performed. Correlation and covariance matrices were systematically analyzed to identify variable interlinking and avoid data circularity. Continuous variables were analyzed by ANOVA. We then performed a multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for social factors and factors associated with outcomes.
Spectroscopic observations and analysis A total of 95 spectra were gathered with the echelle spectrograph (R = 21 000) mounted on the 1 m RCC telescope at Piszkéstető Mountain Station, Hungary, between 29 May and 2 June 2021, in parallel with the CHEOPS observations, with exposure times of 300 s and 600 s. The former yielded an average S/N of 83, while with the latter an average S/N of 160 was reached at 6400 Å. Data reduction was carried out with the regular IRAF 2  echelle tasks. Wavelength calibration was carried out using ThAr calibration spectra taken between observations. We also had five observations from the SOPHIE spectrograph mounted on the 1. 93 m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, taken between 31 May and 5 June with an exposure time of 600 s and a spectral resolving power of R = 75 000, yielding an average S/N of 255.
In order to determine precise astrophysical parameters, spectral synthesis was carried out using SME  (Piskunov & Valenti 2017 ) on both datasets. During the synthesis, MARCS models were used  (Gustafsson et al. 2008). Atomic line parameters were taken from the VALD database  (Kupka et al. 1999 ). Macroturbulence was estimated using the following equation  (Valenti & Fischer 2005) : v mac = 3. 98 - T eff -5770 K 650 K km s -1. (2) The whole process is described in  Kriskovics et al. (2019). The resulting astrophysical parameters for both the Piszkéstető and OHP datasets are summarized in Table  3 , and are in relatively good agreement. The slight difference in the v sin i values could be attributed to the fact that lower resolution results in wider instrumental profiles, which are not always easy to disentangle.
Stellar spot model In order to compensate for the rotational modulation, an analytic model of two spots was fitted with SpotModel  (Ribárik et al. 2003) , following  Budding (1977). The code assumes homogeneous, circular spots with radii, longitudes, and latitudes treated as free parameters, and iteratively changes these parameters until the computed synthetic light curve corresponding to a given spot configuration adequately fits the observed light curve. Assuming ∆T ≈ 1500 K (which can be a typical value for cool dwarfs; e. g. Solanki 2003 ) for the spots and using the effective temperature from the spectral synthesis, a spot intensity of 0. 25 was used. The rotational period of 10. 39 days was kept constant during the spot modeling. The fit is shown in the upper panel of and the resulting spot parameters are summarized in Table  4.
Estimating flare energies During the first visit to DE Boo, two flares were detected by CHEOPS. This is the first time that flares have been photometrically observed and reported for DE Boo. This unprecedented detection justified a detailed analysis of these phenomena. In order to do so, we needed imagettes of sufficiently short cadence to resolve the finer structures of the flares. However, the resampling of these data for 15 s was also necessary to increase the S/N. The flares in the re-sampled imagette data are shown in Fig. 3. In order to obtain the fraction of DE Boo's quiescent luminosity in the CHEOPS band, a BT-NextGen model spectrum for a K0V-type star with T eff = 5300 K and log g = 4. 5 was convolved with the transmission curve of CHEOPS  (Deline et al. 2020). Flare energies were then calculated by integrating the  total flux for the duration of the flaring events, and multiplying them with the bolometric luminosity of DE Boo and the fraction of the luminosity in the CHEOPS band.
Acknowledgements. CHEOPS is an ESA mission in partnership with Switzerland with important contributions to the payload and the ground segment from  Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Sweden , and the  United Kingdom. The CHEOPS Consortium would like to gratefully acknowledge the support received by all the agencies, offices, universities, and industries involved. Their flexibility and willingness to explore A127, page 7 of 10 A&A 671, A127 (2023) new approaches were essential to the success of this mission. We acknowledge the support of the  PRODEX Experiment  Agreement No. 4000137122  between the  ELTE Eötvös Loránd University  and the  European Space Agency  ( ESA-D/SCI-LE-2021-0025 ). Gy. MSz. acknowledges the support of the  Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH)  grant  K-125015 , a a PRODEX Experiment Agreement No.
4000137122 , the Lendület  LP2018-7/2021  grant of the  Hungarian Academy of Science  and the support of the city of Szombathely. L. K. is supported by the  Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office  grants  PD-134784  and  K-131508. L. K. is a  Bolyai János Research Fellow. ABr was supported by the  SNSA. F. K. acknowledges funding from the  Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales , from the  French National Research Agency (ANR)  under contract number  ANR-18-CE31-0019  (SPlaSH), and from the  Université Paris Sciences et Lettres  under the  DIM-ACAV program  Origines et conditions d'apparition de la vie. D. G. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the  CRT foundation  under Grant No. 2018. 2323"Gaseous or rocky?Unveiling the nature of small worlds". L. M. S. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the  CRT foundation  under Grant No.
2018. 2323'Gaseous or rocky?Unveiling the nature of small worlds'. A. C. C. and T. W. acknowledge support from  STFC  consolidated grant numbers  ST/R000824/1  and  ST/V000861/1 , and  UKSA  grant number  ST/R003203/1. S. G. S. acknowledge support from  FCT  through  FCT  contract nr. CEECIND/00826/2018  and  POPH/FSE (EC). Y. A. and M. J. H. acknowledge the support of the  Swiss National Fund  under grant  200020_172746. We acknowledge support from the  Spanish Ministry of Science  and and the  European Regional Development Fund  through grants  ESP2016-80435 MDM-2017-0737  Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu-Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC) , as well as the support of the  Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA  programme. The MOC activities have been supported by the  ESA  contract no. 4000124370.
D. S. D. is supported in the form of work contract ( DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0004 ) funded by national funds through FCT. B. -O. D. acknowledges support from the  Swiss National Science Foundation  ( PP00P2 -190080 ). This project has received funding from the  European Research Council (ERC)  under the European Union's  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  (project  FOUR ACES. grant agreement No  724427 ). It has also been carried out in the frame of the  National Centre for Competence in Research PlanetS  supported by the  Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). D. E. and A. D. acknowledge financial support from the  Swiss National Science Foundation  for project  200021_200726. M. F. and C. M. P. gratefully acknowledge the support of the  Swedish National Space Agency  ( DNR 65/19 ,  174/18 ).
M. G. is an F. R. S. -FNRS Senior Research Associate. SH gratefully acknowledges CNES funding through the grant  837319. KGI is the  ESA   CHEOPS  Project Scientist and is responsible for the  ESA CHEOPS Guest Observers Programme. She does not participate in, or contribute to, the definition of the  Guaranteed Time Programme  of the CHEOPS mission through which observations described in this paper have been taken, nor to any aspect of target selection for the programme. This work was granted access to the HPC resources of MesoPSL financed by the  Region Ile de France  and the project  Equip@Meso  (reference  ANR-10-EQPX-29-01 ) of the programme Investissements d'Avenir supervised by the  Agence Nationale pour la Recherche. M. L. acknowledges support of the  Swiss National Science Foundation  under grant number  PCEFP2_194576.
P. M. acknowledges support from  STFC  research grant number  ST/M001040/1. L. Bo. , G. Br. , V. Na. , I. Pa. , G. Pi. ,  R. Ra. , G. Sc. , V. Si. , and  T. Zi. acknowledge support from  CHEOPS ASI-INAF  agreement n. 2019-29-HH. 0. This work was also partially supported by a grant from the  Simons Foundation (PI Queloz , grant number  327127 ). I. R. I. acknowledges support from the  Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation  and the  European Regional Development Fund  through grant  PGC2018-098153-B-C33 , as well as the support of the  Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA  programme. V. V. G. is an F. R. S-FNRS Research Associate. NAW acknowledges  UKSA  grant  ST/R004838/1. A127 , page 8 of 10 Á. Boldog et al. : A&A proofs,.
D A T A A N A L Y S I S An initial quality assessment was performed using FastQC, v0. 11. 3  20  (Andrews S. , 2010. Available online at: http://www. bioinformatics. babraham. ac. uk/projects/ fastqc). Low-quality reads were trimmed with TrimGalore, v0. 6. 1 (Krueger, F. , 2012: Available online at: http:// www. bioinformatics. babraham. ac. uk/projects/trim_galore/) powered by Cutadapt, Illumina, v2. 3. 21  The trimmed reads were mapped to the human reference genome (hg19) using BWA mem, v0. 7. 17  22  and sorted and indexed using Picard, v1. 125 (available online at: http://broadinstitute. github. io/ picard/) and SAMtools, v1. 3, 23 respectively. Duplicates were marked with Picard. For the exomes, local realignment around indels was executed with GATK, v4. 0. 11. 0. 24 GATK, v3. 5 was used for coverage calculations.
29  was used with the human reference genome sequence (hg19) and the MCPyV MCC350 genome sequence (GenBank EU375803) to detect the virus integration site. S O M A T I C V A R I A N T C A L L I N G MuTect1, v 1. 1. 4 D E T E C T I O N O F T H E V I R U S I N T E G R A T I O N S I T E Seeksv, v1. 2. 3.
[30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35]  Among them, one MCC/poroma case (Case #2) (Figure  2 ) was available for further immunohistochemical and molecular characterization. 32  Poromas are rare benign tumours originating from the intraepidermal portion of the sweat gland duct. 36  Immunohistochemistry of the combined MCC/poroma revealed expression of MCPyV-LT in both components, with staining intensities varying from strong/moderate in the MCC to weak/inconspicuous in the poroma part (Figure  2 ). Real-time PCR, performed with DNA derived from the complete specimen, confirmed again a relatively high (mean) viral load of 80 MCPyV copies/cell. Together with the two previously published cases, 16 these data demonstrate involvement of MCPyV in four out of four analysed combined tumours comprising an MCC and an adnexal component.
, 2017; Koppel et al. , 2021; Michalik, 2009; Al Nabhani et al. , 2016). Therefore, the focus of an international expert group within the European RadoNorm project (www. radonorm. eu) was to improve knowledge and understanding of various aspects of NORM. The main objective for development of NORM registers was related to the RadoNorm project as it was foreseen that their use should facilitate an ongoing comprehensive collection of qualitative and quantitative data from NORM sites across Europe, in a systematised and harmonised way, by the RadoNorm researchers. Using such tools, data will be collected that includes as many as possible relevant details. The overall gathered data will then allow making an updated European overview of NORM exposure sites that will represent a step forward to extend the international database for information on NORM, with relevant data of comparable quality.
Moreover, the collected data are expected to significantly improve characterisation of the NORM sites and scenarios with respect to NOR behaviour, accumulation or mobilisation in different conditions, exposure pathways, exposure doses for workers, public and non-human biota. Considering these aspects, these NORM registers are intended to be used primarily by researchers worldwide conducting different research and investigation based on big, harmonised datasets. An additional and equally important objective of NORM registers is in line with the general RadoNorm project objective to directly translate outcomes of the research and investigation into sound, feasible and applicable improvements, which will support countries in implementation of EU BSS, or wider IAEA BSS. Clearly, these available registers will not be solely for research but will also support regulatory issues identified by regulators and NORM industry operators, in NORM inventory processes in countries that need initial or periodical, updated review of NORM inventory but do not have available and clear methodology and tools.
NORM identification and application of NORM registers at identified exposure situations Prior to data collection, it is necessary to identify NORM exposure sites if these are unknown in a country. A systematic, tiered approach has been developed to identify all situations when exposure to NOR cannot be neglected from a radiation protection perspective considering NOR characteristics and potential changes to NOR content in the various industrial processes  (Michalik et al. , 2023). The methodology assumes an initial position of limited knowledge of the situation and proposes several tiers: a) analysis of the presence of natural mineral resources, b) identification of ongoing and any former mining industries, c) Identification of ongoing and former mineral/fossil fuels processing industries, and d) analysis of commodities and products life cycle, including their application and final disposal.
Once a NORM exposure situation has been identified, the developed registers ensure complete qualitative and quantitative characterisation by a set of questions adapted to the exposure situation of concern. In case of industrial activities involving NORM, characterisation is ensured through a structured process of consideration of the production process starting with the raw materials, the main products and technological processes (where relevant), the generation of residues and waste at facility site, followed by consideration of releases to soil, air and water of the surrounding environment, as shown in Fig. 1. This technique, being adapted to different possible situations and with respect to different materials and NORs, ensures collection of relevant data for researchers' work on exposure scenarios, transport pathways and related doses and risk.
Additionally, the application of registers (in whole or partially) may contribute to improvement of the ability of site operators and regulators to identify potential NORM, to facilitate regulatory control, and also to increase awareness about possible exposures. Having country specific knowledge in the development process of the tools and methodology for their application was important since differences in approaches to identifying NORM cases as well as extracting data from these among European countries, is linked to both how the EU BSS  (1996, 2013)  have been interpreted and implemented, and also to previously existing national regulatory initiatives concerning NORM, each country's infrastructure, awareness of NORM industries, how exposure scenarios are characterised in each country. Application of NORM registers, by using a comprehensive set of different qualitative and quantitative questions, is advised for the RadoNorm participants in order to help (a) identify the main features and parameters for characterisation of a NORM site or activity, (b) gain an overview of all materials involved such as raw materials, products, by-products, residues, effluents, discharges, (c) collect qualitative and quantitative information on NOR, and (d) characterize multiple hazards exposure scenarios to obtain data that will allow further research and investigation and contribute to development of an integrated impact and risk assessment for workers, public and NHB.