dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Conclusion We imaged the system MWC 758 with SPHERE as part of the near-IR survey at two epochs in Jan. 2016 and Dec. 2018. The data were processed with angular differential imaging to optimize the sensitivity to point sources, as well as with reference differential imaging to determine the morphology of the spirals. We did not recover the previously detected point sources reported by  Reggiani et al. (2018)  and  Wagner et al. (2019) , nor did we detect other potential companions. Since former detections were obtained at longer wavelengths, namely, in the L band, in which the self-luminous objects of interest (planet photospheres or circumplanetary disks) are expected to be brighter than in SPHERE band passes, we extrapolated their magnitudes to the H and K bands and compared them against the SPHERE limits of detection.
We also accounted for the extinction arising from the presence of dust based on ALMA observations. Overall, the SPHERE data may rule out the presence of these candidate companions, especially in the K band (and although contrast performance is worse than in the H band). In addition, no satisfactory solution can be found with linear density-wave models of the spirals arms that assume the spiral-driving planets are located at the position of CC R and CC W. Finally, the amount of rotation of the spirals between the two epochs also sets stringent limit on the stellocentric distance of planetary mass companions shaping the spirals. Therefore, at this stage, pending methods than would allow greater contrasts can be reached -or finer dynamical studies, the SPHERE observations based on the near-IR survey fails to identify point sources as the source of the MWC 758 spiral arms.
Study Population We conducted a retrospective study using an anonymized IVF database, containing clinical and laboratory parameters of the Foch Hospital ART Center in Suresnes, France. All first IVF cycles carried out in our center from September 2016 to December 2017 of women aged between 18 and 43 years were potentially included. The final inclusion was possible in the absence of the following exclusion criteria: absence of one of the two ovaries, previous attempt in another center, fertilization failure, cycles with in vitro maturation and cycles with nontransferred frozen embryos without having obtained a LB after previous embryo transfer (ET) from the same IVF cycle.
Patient's Results In an effort to determine whether Oc/AFC, MII/AFC, Oc/AMH, and MII/AMH ratio had an impact on the occurrence of LB and on IR in association with female age, we examined these 4 ratios using a bivariate age-grouping paradigm. The dataset was stratified according to female age, studying the oocyte yield in the following age groups: <36, [36-39], >39 years.
Backgrounds involving one or more nonprompt leptons are estimated from simulation aided by control samples in data in those categories with two leptons in the final state and exclusively from simulation otherwise. Nonprompt-lepton background sources are composed of processes in which at least one of the final-state leptons does not come from the decay of a W or Z boson either directly or mediated by a leptonic τ decay. Dominant SM sources of nonprompt background depend on the specific decay channel: Z+jets and dileptonic tt production for those channels with at least three leptons, W+jets and semileptonic tt for channels with two leptons in the final state. The nonprompt-lepton contribution is estimated using a lepton misidentification rate method  [45]  based on the misidentification rate measured in a simulated tt sample and applied to control region data.
[48] , is applied as a global normalization uncertainty for all processes. The statistical uncertainties due to the limited size of the MC samples are treated according to the Barlow-Beeston method  [49] ; individual nuisance parameters (per process and per channel) are used when the corresponding expected amount of events in the bin is smaller than 10 events. A summary of the expected event yields for signal and each of the background processes, and the observed data in the WW SR is shown in Table  1. For the other SRs, the expected event yields for signal and the total background, and the observed data, are shown in Table  2. The cross sections are measured in regions, called total regions, defined to provide a measurement without any detector acceptance requirements. As outlined below, each channel 0.
Acknowledgments We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at  CERN  and at other  CMS institutes  for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the  CMS detector , and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies:  BMBWF  and  FWF (Austria) ;  FNRS  and  FWO (Belgium) ;  CNPq ,  CAPES ,  FAPERJ ,  FAPERGS , and  FAPESP (Brazil) ;  MES (Bulgaria) ;  CERN ;  CAS, MoST , and  NSFC (China) ;  MINCIENCIAS (Colombia) ;  MSES  and  CSF (Croatia) ;  RIF (Cyprus) ;  SENESCYT.
We estimated this model from our survey data using STATA software  (StataCorp, 2013) , and the model was implemented using the mixlogit command. We then used the estimated value of the model parameters to simulate the probability of adoption of a series of innovative AEMs. In practice, we used the predicted value of each coefficient β njk to compute the utility that each farmer n derives from choosing AEM j. When this utility was greater than the utility of the status quo, we deduced that the farmer would have chosen the AEM. From there, we compiled the adoption rate of the 26 possible AEM.
Design of the choice experiment We followed a D-efficient design approach to construct the choice sets, using prior information we had about the sign and relative values of the attribute coefficients, based on the pilot survey. This allows for a small number of choice option profiles and combinations of these profiles while remaining as close as possible to an orthogonal factorial design. Tables  2  and 3  present the incomplete D-Optimal design selected for the study. This design was constructed with XLSTAT software by Addinsoft version 2013 and includes six profiles distributed in six choice sets, without any trivial sets and a good balance in terms of attribute levels used. An example of a choice set is depicted in Fig. 3. Farmers were asked to choose between two AEMs and the status quo option, i.
, 2017). Our sample consists of 305 farmers, among which 99 banana producers, 105 sugar cane producers and 101 fruit and vegetable crop producers. These farmers were randomly selected from a database covering most of the territory of Guadeloupe  (Chopin et al. , 2015) , according to a stratification strategy aiming for representativeness in the diversity of soil types in each sector (Table  4 ). This stratification was important for measuring cost-effectiveness on a territorial scale, since the amount of carbon sequestered depends on the type of cropping system and the nature of the soil  (Sierra et al. , 2015).
Carbon sequestration and cost-effectiveness Assuming that each participant in the AEM would engage all of its Prob > chi2 = 0. 0000; For the sake of readability, the coefficients of the payment attribute have been divided by 100. 3 We estimated the marginal effect of offering technical assistance (or a collective bonus) by taking the difference between the predicted probability provided by the mixed logit model when technical assistance (or bonus) is included in the measure, and the predicted probability obtained when it is not. In practice, we used the mixlpred command after the mixlogit command under STATA software. land in the chosen scheme, 4 we extrapolated the amount of land that would be engaged throughout the territory, taking into account the representativeness of each farm in the sample in terms of crop (banana, cane, fruit and vegetable gardening) and soil type (andosol, vertisol, nitisol, and ferralsol).
Computer simulations Numerical simulations were performed with COMSOL Multiphysics (version 5. 4), a commercial finite element software. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to define the geometry of the problem, to generate the computational mesh and to solve the partial differential equations governing the fluid flow and the non-reactive transport of the solute, with the specified initial and boundary conditions. To simulate column B, we developed a two-dimensional axisymmetric geometric model (15. 0 cm length and 2. 5 cm radius) with two regions: one for the sandy matrix and another for the macropore. The filters were represented as 10 µm thick porous media. The geometry of the inlet and outlet reservoirs was also taken into account in the numerical model. The mesh was automatically built by COMSOL Multiphysics.
Acknowledgements. We thank  Pascal Moucheront  and  Benjamin Maillet  for MRI assistance,  David Hautemayou  for 3D printing, and  Martin Guillon  and  Nadège Caubrière  for technical assistance with the experimental columns. Financial support. This research was supported by the  French National Research Agency  ( ANR-17-CE04-010 ) (grant no. ANR-17-CE04-010 ). Review statement. This paper was edited by  Loes van Schaik  and reviewed by two anonymous referees.
Methods The field investigation aimed to provide a database for approaching mobility management changes in camel breeding systems in the three studied communes and to relate these changes to the diversity of family farming systems. Individual interviews were conducted in two parts. Firstly, we achieved an open interview with the head of family who recounted us about the changes in herd mobility from the previous generation to the present. This retrospective approach to the changes in camel herd management between generations and in the activity system was led on the basis of narrative approaches. The only guided questions aimed at addressing the places and roles of each activity over two generations (camel, sheep and goats, land use and off-farm jobs). Secondly, we used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect qualitative and quantitative information on the following: i) family composition, land tenure cropping system, and specific composition of the herd; ii) herd mobility management over the last year (location, herd composition, who decides, who moves, vegetation type and its appreciation, and changes with regard to the previous years); iii) a comprehensive description of feeding and management practices for camel health; and iv) the qualitative approach to changes in mobility in relation to various factors, such as the institutional and organizational system, communication factors (mobile phone, motorized transport), means of adding value to livestock activities and products (milk, meat, or renting camels for tourism purposes), and family changes.
Process-based field observations Two process-based field observations were made in Lake Taihu in summer 2015 (from 00:00 LT on 1 August to 00:00 LT on 12 August 2015) and winter 2018 (from 00:00 LT on 19 December to 00:00 LT on 31 December 2018). Five water level stations (WL1-WL5; Fig. 1 ) around Lake Taihu built by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China recorded the water level at 60 min intervals. Hourly solar radiation and cloud cover data were also collected from the station of Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research (TLLER). A lake hydrodynamics and weather station (LHWS) has been established in the area (Fig. 1 ). At the LHWS, a surface plate equipped with an upward-looking acoustic Doppler profiler (ADP; SonTek Inc. , USA; accuracy ±1 % of measured velocity) was fixed on the lake bed.
Wave and current coupled model Many efforts have been made on coupled current-wave model development, especially on the coupling of the Simulating WAves Nearshore model (SWAN;  Booij and Holthuijsen, 1999)  with existing three-dimensional current models  (Chen et al. , 2018; Liu et al. , 2011; Warner et al. , 2008; Wu et al. , 2011). However, due to the difficulty in modifying existing model codes  (Chen et al. , 2018) , most coupling models have been developed using third-party software (e. g. , Model Coupling Toolkit) rather than by directly merging the origi-nal codes. However, this is not yet an efficient way of modifying the descriptions of some key variables in these models. Herein, a Wave and Current Coupled Model (WCCM) is developed by merging the codes of a three-dimensional lake current model (LCM) and SWAN.
Acknowledgements. The authors thank  Li Yiping  from  Hohai University  for the determination of EFDC parameters and also  James C. McWilliams  from the  University of California, Los Angeles , and  Sun Shufen  from  Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  for scientific suggestions. Financial support. This research has been supported by the  Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China  (grant no. 41621002 ), the  National Natural Science Foundation of China  (nos. 41971047 ,  41790425 ,  41661134036 ), the  French National Research Agency  ( ANR-16-CE32-0009-02 ), and the  Water Resources Department of Jiangsu Province of China  (no. 2021049 ). Review statement. This paper was edited by  Simone Marras  and reviewed by two anonymous referees.
Code and data availability. The source code of the EFDC model is freely available from https://doi. org/10. 5281/zenodo. 5602801 (Wu, 2021a). The EFDC_Explorer 8. 3 software was purchased from DSI LLC (https://www. eemodelingsystem. com/; LLC, 2021). The configurations, inputs, and outputs of the EFDC model for all simulated episodes are available from https://doi. org/10. 5281/zenodo. 5180640 (Wu, 2021b). The source code of the SWAN model is freely available from http://swanmodel. sourceforge. net/ (Delft University of Technology, 2021). The source code of the WCCM model, with the configurations, inputs, and outputs of the model as used in this paper, is freely available from https://doi. org/10. 5281/zenodo. 5709811 (Wu and Qin, 2021). The dataset of measured water levels and currents is freely available from https://doi.
Surprisingly, VviSWEET10, which is implicated in the unloading of phloem sucrose inside the berry  23  , was up-regulated in BR together with two TIPs, aquaporins of the vacuole. But the expression of VviHT6, the major sucrose transporter on the tonoplast, was not affected, leaving open the question of a possible enhancement of the ripening program under ozonated water. As ozone decomposition strongly depends on pH, its decay may be faster in the cell wall and cytoplasm than in the acidic vacuole of berries at the beginning of ripening  31. In our dataset based on developmentally synchronised berries, some cuticle related genes were downregulated. The degradation of this protective barrier, which leads to greater penetration of ozone into the plant cells, has been reported in growing plants and postharvest fruits exposed to ozone  32.
Also in our dataset, VviAPX and VviDHAR were up-regulated under ozone. Elevated expression of these two genes in response to ozone has already been detected in Arabidopsis thaliana  55, 56  , and DHAR-overexpressing plants have shown increased tolerance to ozone by incrementing foliar AsA level  57. In grapevine, AsA is also a precursor for the synthesis of both tartaric and oxalic acids. The down-regulation of VviVTC2 in BR berry under ozone stress could indicate a switch from the Smirnoff-Wheeler (SW) pathway to the alternative AsA biosynthetic pathway, knowing that the rst one supports AsA biosynthesis in immature berries, while the alternative synthesises AsA from a methyl derivative of D-galacturonic acid released during pectin degradation as fruits ripen  58. Given that GDP-D-mannose and GDP-L-galactose, intermediates of the SW pathway, are also precursors of the non-cellulosic components of the plant cell wall  59  , we can speculate that the inhibition of enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis and growth would lead to AsA sparing and in turn to reduced AsA synthesis, materialised through the down-regulation of VviVTC2.
Primary metabolites analysis Sugars and acids were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), according to Rienth et al. 18. Brie y, 100 mg of leaf or berry frozen powder was 5x diluted in HCl 0. 25 N and left overnight at room temperature after shaking. Samples were then centrifuged at 15000 g for 10 min, and a supernatant aliquot was diluted 10x with a solution of H 2 SO 4 5 mM containing 600 µM acetic acid as internal standard, before injection into the HPLC system. The statistical analysis of the data was performed with SPSS statistics software (version 23. 0 for Windows, Chicago, IL, USA). The mean values of the selected samples were compared using the independent samples t-test, and the differences were considered statistically signi cant when the p-value < 0. 05.
Data analysis Raw reads were trimmed for quality and length with Trimmomatic, version 0. 38 78. Reads were aligned against the reference grapevine genome PN40024 12X2  79  , using the software Hisat2, version 2. 1. 0 80 with standard parameters, yielding an average of 25. 3 M sequence per sample (Table  S2 ). Aligned reads were counted using the VCost. v3 annotation with HTSeq-count (version 0. 9. 1) 81 , in union mode, mRNA type, nonunique all, and stranded options. Only genes with RPKM > 1 were kept for further analysis (Table  S3 ). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0. 05) were screened with the R package DeSeq2 82. Overrepresented gene categories were identi ed with the gPro ler web-server (version 101_eg48_p14_baf17f0) with a signi cance threshold of 0. 001.
To be fully relevant, correlation with direct observations or independent geological datasets (outcrop, borehole geological log, etc. ;  [31, 32] ) remains mandatory. Recently, in the framework of future development  [15] , there has been demonstrated interest in AEM to delineate landslide-prone areas and to improve landslide hazard assessment. New information brought by AEM has allowed a landslide hazard map to be modified by combining a 3D geological model derived from a joint analysis of field observations and AEM results and a PBM. This study, for regulatory purposes, focused on only one type of island environment and on shallow (failure < 2 m) and moderately deepseated landslides (failure from 2 m to 10 m). Therefore, deeper landslides (failure > 10 m) and associated formations inducing recurrent and very costly damage were not assessed.
Landslides More than 600 landslides have been inventoried during the last 20 years (Figure  2a ). They are reported in the French National database (i. e. , BD-MVT; https://www. georisques. gouv. fr/ accessed on the 18 May 2020). Each phenomenon is recorded with a minimum set of information, such as the date, the location of the event (centroid in the local geodesic system), the type of formation involved (lithology and/or regolith), and the associated damage, if any. Three types of landslides can be depicted: (i) landslides (i. e. , debris slides, rotational and translational slides), (ii) mudflows, and (iii) rockfalls. Figure  1d  gives an overview of the location of each phenomenon. Among the different landslides, seven are the subject of special attention because they have generated some damage, and they may continue to generate damage despite some engineering works  [8, 10].
AEM Data From 29 January to 16 March 2013, SkyTEM ApS conducted a survey over Martinique Island. This survey, supervised by the BRGM (French Geological Survey) and totaling 4233 line-kilometers, was flown along the N-S direction with a 400-m spacing; locally, this spacing was refined to 200 m over areas of interest for the hydrogeology or risk assessment  [52]. Along each line, EM measurements were spaced approximately 30 m apart, with an average ground clearance of approximately 64 m due to the sharp topography of the island. Figure  4  shows the location of the flight lines flowing over the two studied sites. SkyTEM is an AEM system developed by the Hydro Geophysics Group of Aarhus (Denmark) for hydroenvironmental investigations  [53]. This system is composed of (1) a transmitter coil exciting the subsurface, (2) a receiver coil to measure the ground response, (3) a generator as a power source, and (4) several navigation instruments, such as GPS, tiltmeters, and laser altimeters, to locate the loop in space.
Identification of the Optimum Cell Size For this step, computations are performed with 10 m and 5 m cell sizes. The geotechnical dataset is the best previously defined for each site. For the La Médaille site, two computations are carried out with rotational failures with a depth of 20 m. For the Morne-Figue site, four computations are performed (two for shallow landslides with a maximum depth of 3 m and two for deep rotational landslides with a depth of 10 m). The goal was to define the best cell size given the best results, and it was decided to perform the computations taking into account the failure conditions observed in the field (i. e. , with a high GWL corresponding to the saturation of the materials, GWL = 1). The comparison and validation of the results is carried out by two statistical tests and expert verification.
Funding: This research was supported by the  Risk and Prevention General Direction of the French Ministry of Ecological Transition  and the  French Geological Survey (BRGM) , contracts  PS14DRP041 ,  PS15DRP017  and  AP16DRP017. The heliborne geophysical survey, called " MartEM" program  [53], was co-funded by  BRGM , the  FEDER funds for Martinique , the  Regional Office for Environment Planning and Housing (DEAL) , the  Regional Council  and the  Water Office of Martinique (ODE). Institutional Review Board Statement: Not applicable.
Further work can be undertaken based on field studies to determine more precisely the vegetation height threshold to be considered in the model between canopy and mulch, and, possibly to test alternative formulations that allow combining plant species of different heights in the same space (eq. (  6 )). More accurate estimates of soil losses due to water erosion in arid and semi-arid areas could be obtained by studying the particular effects of Mediterranean ecosystems and their functioning on the soil surface. In the future, other applications can be envisaged with the growing dataset available, such as studying the relationship between soil parameters measured during phytoecological surveys and other parameters such as the soil slope (e. g. ,  Simanton et al. , 1994).
Both NPM1 and NCL are abundant multifunctional proteins with roles in several unrelated cellular processes, including the DDR and DNA repair  (54). Thus, FANCA behaves like a hub protein, mediating the trafficking/localization of several other proteins and complexes. In accordance with such a role as a hub protein, we unveiled the presence of FANCA, unique among the FANCcore complex proteins, in the cytosolic fraction enriched in ribosomal subunits, as well as in the 40S, 60S, and 80S fractions. A survey on the BioGRID database (https://thebiogrid. org/) revealed eight proteins as potential common interactors of FANCA, NCL, and NPM1, including the RP RPL18 that we retrieved in our immunoprecipitations with anti-FANCA antibody (preliminary observation; fig. S3C ). Although FANCA depletion did not alter the stoichiometry of RPL18 in the analyzed ribosomal fractions in our MS analysis, FANCA deficiency was clearly associated with alterations in the composition of the ribosomal subunits and in translation.