dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Distribution of the evaluated age precision according to the kind of release. Useful Nevada xenon activity ratios were used in the time algorithms for Nuclear explosions (full fractionation and under in-growth conditions), NPPs release (median, lower limit and upper limit values), MIPFs release(mean, min and and max values). The ideal age precision shown in magenta colour is normalized to 1. Figure1: Distribution of the activity ratios using Fukushima accident debris data. Data used in this study were recorded from 14/03/2011 to 31/05/2011 in many IMS radionuclide stations. Black colour is used for valid entries for which both isotopes are above MDC, i. e. real detections that can be quantified; a bright grey is used in case one of the two isotopes is above MDC (in general it is the longer lived one of both); a dark grey indicates ratios that are calculated with both isotopes below MDC and basically scatter around the ratio of both isotopes detection limit, i.
In line with this hypothesis, a combination of all-trans retinoic acid and 5-azacitidine has been reported to induce a quiescent state in bone marrow-disseminated cancer cells, supporting a role of retinoids in promoting a long-term metastasis-free condition  [45] [46] [47]  and is currently being investigated in a clinical trial (NCT03572387). If confirmed in additional preclinical and clinical studies, the low toxicity of NanoFEN would allow prolonged treatment schedules aimed at avoiding the reactivation of disseminated tumor cells and subsequent tumor relapse, particularly in cancers subject to late recurrences such as those of breast and prostate. Moreover, it would be interesting to investigate the effect of NanoFEN in retinoid-sensitive tumors such as some hematological tumors as well as neuroblastoma, where the increased bioavailability of NanoFEN may allow more effective treatment schedules as compared to previous clinical trials.
Mass spectrometry analysis through microTOF-Q Mass spectrometry analysis was carried out on an electrospray hybrid quadrupole time of Flight mass spectrometer MicroTOF-Q (Bruker-Daltonik, Bremen, Germany) equipped with an ESI-ion source. MS analysis was carried out capillary voltage 2800 V, nebulizer 45psi and dry gas of 9 l/min, scan mode 100-1500 m/z. Data were acquired with a stored mass range of 100-2000 m/z. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is used for lipid species structural characterization. Automatic isolation and fragmentation (AutoMSn mode) was performed on the four most intense ions simultaneously throughout the whole scanning period (30 min per run). Calibration of the mass analyzer is essential in order to maintain an high level of mass accuracy. Instrument calibration was performed externally every day with a sodium formate solution consisting of 10 mM sodium hydroxide in 50 % isopropanol, water, 0.
Real time PCR RNA from vehicle and treated xenografts was extracted with TRIzol (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) following manufacturer's instructions. 1 µg of RNA were reverse transcribed with M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 50 ng of cDNA were used as template in the PCR reactions. Specific probes used for NANOG (Hs04399610_g1), SOX 2 (Hs04260357_g1) and POU5F1 (Hs00999634_gH) were all from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Normalization was performed using β-actin (Hs00194899_m1) as reference. Values were expressed in terms of 2 -ΔΔCt where ΔΔCt = ΔCt sample-ΔCt calibrator. ΔCt is the difference in threshold cycles between the specific RNA target and reference gene amplicons given by StepOne Plus Real-Time PCR software by negative correlation with an internal reference dye (ROX).
Primary antibodies undergo pre-and post-RPPA validation for single band specificity by western-blot using complex cellular lysates. Negative control slides, incubated only with secondary antibody were included in each staining run. All Sypro Ruby, i. e. , per-spot total protein content,as well as immunostained slides were scanned using a Tecan Power Scanner™ (Tecan Group Ltd, Männedorf, Switzerland) at 5 μm resolution. Acquired images were analyzed with MicroVigene v5. 2, http://www. vigenetech. com/ MicroVigene. htm (VigeneTech Inc, Carlisle, MA, USA), for spot detection, local and negative control background subtraction, replicate averaging and total protein normalization. RPPA data analysis was performed by means of 'R' v3. 5. 0 https://www. R-project. org/ (R Foundation for Statistical Computing) and 'RStudio' v1.
Statistical analysis Analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism version 4. 0 for Windows (GraphPad Software) with nonpaired double-tailed t-test (after verifying normal distribution of the population with Shapiro-Wilk test) or with one-way ANOVA where appropriate. Results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or standard error of the mean (SEM) where appropriate. Statistical significance is expressed as *P < 0. 05; **P < 0. 01 and ***P < 0. 001.
Acknowledgements We thank  Paola Di Matteo  and  Stefano Guida  for excellent technical assistance,  Antonio Di Virgilio  and  Daniele Macchia  for their essential contribution for in vivo experiments. This work was supported by the following grants: AIRC IG 2017 Ref:  20744 ,  AIRC IG 2014 Ref: 15749 ,  ERA-NET TRANSCAN Ref TACTIC JTC 2014  to A. Z. , by Awards 2015  Sapienza University of Rome   C26H15ZKWL  grant to F. L. T. and by  AIRC 5 × 1000 Molecular Clinical Oncology Extension Program Ref 9979  grant to R. D. M. , G. M. and M. T.
Evaluating infection prevalence, associated risk factors and awareness of infection status across specific migrant groups is thus critical if screening and prevention programs are to effectively target individuals in need of screening. However, population-based studies on HBV and HCV prevalence among migrant subpopulations are limited, and those that have been conducted generally lack data regarding awareness of infection status. 21 In order to inform the development of screening and preventive interventions for migrants, we studied the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection markers, along with their risk factors, using data from a large, population-based study including 5 large ethnic minority groups and individuals of Dutch origin living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We also evaluated infection status awareness among individuals identified with chronic infection.
Furthermore, a detailed questionnaire was administered in which questions were asked on sexual orientation, level of education, risk factors for HBV and/or HCV infection (having surgery in a non-Western country [i. e. all forms of surgery including dental surgery, cesarean section, cosmetic and keyhole surgery involving skin incisions, etc. ], having a blood transfusion in a non-Western country or before 1990 in a Western country, ever-injecting drug use and lifetime number of sexual partners) and, except for those of Dutch origin, migration history (age at migration and reason for migration). All participants provided written informed consent for participation in the study. In the written consent form, participants could opt out of having their biological samples stored and/or medical data obtained from patient records.
Baseline data collection of the HELIUS study took place from 2011 to 2015. The HELIUS study conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the AMC Ethical Review Board. For the current study, HELIUS participants recruited between January 2011 and June 2014 were eligible for selection if they had completed the questionnaire, participated in the physical examination and had at least 4 stored tubes of EDTA plasma. We only included first-generation migrants for non-Dutch ethnic groups. We selected a random sample of 500 eligible participants for each ethnic group, while oversampling for Surinamese (n = 1,000) in order to include sufficient numbers of African and South-Asian Surinamese participants. This resulted in a total sample size of 3,000 people.
24 Therefore, participants of Surinamese ethnic origin were further classified according to self-reported ethnic origin (obtained by questionnaire) into 'African', 'South-Asian', 'Javanese' or 'other/unknown' Surinamese ethnic origin. 23 boratory testing Blood samples were centrifuged and stored at -20°C within 2 h of collection and transported to -80°C storage on the same day. Stored blood samples of the 3,000 selected participants obtained at HELIUS baseline data collection were tested for markers of past and present HBV and HCV infection in 2015 and 2016. For HBV, samples were first tested for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc total) using microparticle enzyme immunoassay (LIAISON® Anti-HBc, Diasorin, Italy). When positive or indeterminate, HBsAg and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) were determined (LIAISON® XL Murex HBsAg Quant Assay, Diasorin, Italy).
Awareness of infection status According to HELIUS study procedures, we informed GPs of participants with a chronic HBV or HCV infection by letter asking them to verify whether their patient was aware of his/her infection and if not, to inform their patient and to perform confirmatory testing. We collected data on the number of previously diagnosed infections and confirmatory results by sending a data collection form to GPs 6 weeks after the initial letter. GPs who did not respond were re-contacted and data were collected over telephone. Participants with no declared GP were sent a letter asking to contact the Public Health Service of Amsterdam for further information on their test results and repeat testing.
Awareness of HBV and HCV infection status Data regarding awareness of infection status and follow-up test results were obtained for 41/64 (64. 1%) people with chronic HBV infection. For 23 people these data were not obtained for the following reasons: no consent for retrieval of medical information (n = 7), did not show-up for re-testing at the GP (n = 5), no registration at a GP and did not show-up for re-testing at the Public Health Service (n = 5), no data obtained from GP (n = 4), person moved abroad and went to foreign GP for re-testing (n = 1); person was deceased (n = 1). In total, 75. 6% (n = 31/41) had a confirmed chronic HBV infection either from re-testing or by their GP. Of 31 confirmed chronically infected individuals, 18 (58. 1%; 95% CI 40. 6-74. 1%) were already aware of their infection status.
1) in the initial test and undetectable or low levels (< 220 IU/ml) of HBV-DNA. This suggests the presence of low-level HBsAg, a falsepositive primary test result, or clearance of HBsAg between HELIUS data collection and re-testing. Finally, we did not determine anti-HBs among those who tested anti-HBc negative, hence we were unable to assess the proportion of our population vaccinated against HBV infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of chronic HBV infection among first-generation migrants of Ghanaian, Turkish and African-Surinamese origin living in Amsterdam is relatively high compared with the Dutch-origin population, and many are unaware of their infection status. Increased case-finding efforts by GPs and HBV screening programs targeting these migrant groups, as recommended by the Dutch Health Council,  20  are needed to identify undiagnosed infections and link infected people to care to decrease HBV-related morbidity and mortality.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the HELIUS participants for their contribution; the HELIUS team for data collection and management;  Annemarie Teitsma-Jansen  for sending notification letters and data collection forms to GPs;  Sylvia Bruisten  and  Nienke Alberts  for coordinating the sample selection and transportation;  Gini van Rijckevorsel  for advice on the algorithm for HBV testing; and the funders for financial support.
Financial support The HELIUS study is conducted by the  Academic Medical Center Amsterdam  and the  Public Health Service of Amsterdam. Both organizations provided core support for HELIUS. The HELIUS study is also funded by the  Dutch Heart Foundation  ( 2010T084 ), the  Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)  (200500003), the  European Union  ( FP-7) (278901 ), and the  European Fund for the Integration of non-EU immigrants (EIF)  ( 2013EIF013 ). The current study was additionally funded by the  R&D Fund of the Public Health Service of Amsterdam , the  Regional Support Programme of the RIVM Centre for Infectious Disease Control , and via an unrestricted grant from  Gilead Sciences. In addition,  Roche Diagnostics  provided test kits for HBV-DNA testing (unrestricted grant).
Statistical analysis SAS software version 9. 4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) was used for the statistical analysis, which was performed at the biostatistics methodology department of the Lille university hospital (Lille, France). All tests were two-tailed, and p values smaller than 0. 05 were considered significant. Qualitative variables were described as n (%) and qualitative variables as mean (range). Groups were compared by applying Wilcoxon's test for paired samples.
The World Wide Web is one of the main ways of accessing knowledge in cultural heritage. Recently, several projects in digital humanities have emerged; however only a few are specialized in musicology. In this paper, we present MusicKG, a multilingual knowledge graph about medieval musicology and musical iconography. A specific ontology has been designed to integrate data from several iconographic and musicology databases. In addition, MusicKG is connected to the Linked Open Data cloud with a significant part of its classes, properties and instances being linked to Wikidata, Getty Vocabularies, MIMO, Iconclass and GeoNames. MusicKG is accessible and reusable by three means: a downloadable RDF dump, a Virtuoso faceted browser and a public SPARQL endpoint. Some representative SPARQL query examples are given to illustrate the scope of MusicKG and to show the potential impact on the research work in medieval musicology.
On the knowledge graph side, the Amsterdam Museum's Linked Open Data comprises the entire collection of the Amsterdam Museum consisting of more than 70,000 object descriptions  [2]. ArCo 2  is a knowledge graph containing around 800. 000 catalogue records of Italian cultural heritage entities (ex. archeological objects, numismatic objects). In the music domain which concerns more directly our work, we can mention the LinkedBrainz 3  project that helps MusicBrainz (an open music encyclopedia that collects music metadata) publish its database as Linked Data. Last, the DOREMUS knowledge graph  [1]  describes classical music works and their associated events (e. g. performances in concerts). The data come from three major French cultural institutions: the French National Library, Radio France and the Philharmonie de Paris.
In this paper, we introduce MusicKG, a unique cultural heritage knowledge graph containing representations of sound and music in the Middle Ages. In Sect. 2, we describe the source data of MusicKG. In Sect. 3, we detail the ontology underlying MusicKG. In Sect. 4, we show how MusicKG is connected to the Linked Open Data cloud. In Sect. 5, we illustrate the data scope of MusicKG with several SPARQL query examples. Section 6 discusses the potential impact of MusicKG on the research in medieval musicology and concludes the paper. The data in MusicKG comes from Musiconis, a database of musical iconographies created from several partner databases 4  : Musicastallis, Vitrail, Metropolitan Museum (NY), Mandragore, Initiale, Sculpture, Gothic Ivories, Et Stalla, and Romane. Each of the partner databases has its own specificity, generally related to the material support of its representations.
For example, the Musicastallis database catalogs musical iconographic representations presented on the carved choir stalls of religious buildings. Currently, the Musiconis database contains 2154 iconographic representations whose scenes not only contain musical but also vocal, acrobatic or choreographic performances. These scenes are deeply analyzed and each instrument is described with organological details. Figure  1  depicts a Musiconis illumination representing King David tuning his harp. In this illumination of the character "B", it is possible to observe many details: the number of strings, the tuning key, the characteristics and the detailed form of the instrument.
MusicKG Data Model We follow the W3C recommendation about "Data on the web best practices"  [4]. We reuse vocabularies and resources as much as possible, including Wikidata from which the P… and Q… items listed below are taken from. In this section, we present the MusicKG data model which depicts representations of sound and music in the Middle Ages. The main class of our model is Visual artwork (Q4502142) (herein "artwork") Fig. 2. The Visual artwork entity with its corresponding relations in our KG which represents a visual artistic work or creation (see Fig. 2 ). Each Visual artwork instance (see example in Fig. 3 ) is connected to the original sources through several predicates: official website (P856), collection (P195), inventory number (P217) and described at URL (P973). Also, each artwork instance has a title from the Musiconis database and a title from its original database described by title (P1476) and stated as (P1932) respectively.
This relation associates instances of artwork with Art materials (Q15303351) such as Wood (Q287) or Ivory (Q82001) for sculptures; Textile (Q28823) for embroideries and tapestry weavings; or Glass (Q11469) for stained glasses. On the other hand, the relation fabrication method relates an artwork with its Artistic technique (Q11177771), such as Sculpture technique (Q21711025) or Painting technique (Q1231896). In many cases, we have the information about the manuscript (Q87167) or the Architectural element (Q391414) to which a certain artwork belongs to. Examples of architectural elements are archivolts (Q636008), misericords (Q1938805), among many others. In those cases, we relate both entities through the relation part of (P361). The singularity of MusicKG is its analysis of performances and the relationships between performances.
This is one of the main contributions of our Knowledge Graph since, as far as we know, there are no other works that describe to this level of detail the relationships between entities within iconographic representations. Moreover, our model has been enriched with additional information coming from other popular Knowledge Graphs: Wikidata, Getty Vocabularies, Iconclass, MIMO and Geonames. Figure  4  shows an example of the interconnections between MusicKG and the aforementioned Knowledge Graphs. We used the Wikidata entity Q35140 to represent performances. All performances are related to one or several performers (Q16010345) through the relation performer (P175) and practiced by (P3095) respectively. In our KG there are instrumental, vocal, choreographic and acrobatic performances. In the case of instrumental performances, the relation instrument (P1303) is used to associate a performance with the instrument (Q3095) played.
SPARQL Query Examples MusicKG can be accessed by three means: a downloadable data dump, a Virtuoso faceted browser and a public SPARQL endpoint. All the information and links are available online  5. MusicKG is oriented towards visual artworks, performances, performers and instruments. Users can specify techniques, materials, historical periods, etc. To illustrate the data we may retrieve from MusicKG, in Table  1 , we provide two representative examples with their associated SPARQL query and result.
Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, we presented MusicKG, a multilingual cultural heritage knowledge graph containing representations of sound and music in the Middle Ages. We presented respectively the source data, the ontology data model, how it is connected to external sources in the Linked Open Data Cloud and representative SPARQL queries. MusicKG may have a great impact on the research in medieval musicology, and more particularly, in musical iconography. The SPARQL endpoint allows to make more precise queries and to retrieve more accurate results. Furthermore, the connection with the LOD cloud may bring several benefits that we envisage exploiting. Wikidata items have known multilingual labels and aliases. We plan to retrieve these data more exhaustively to enable the multilingual display of the knowledge graph.
http://www. plm. paris-sorbonne. fr/musicastallis/, http://e-chastel. huma-num. fr/xmlui/handle/ 123456789/3, https://www. metmuseum. org, http://mandragore. bnf. fr/html/accueil. html, http:// initiale. irht. cnrs. fr, http://www. gothicivories. courtauld. ac. uk, https://www. ru. nl/ckd/databases/stalla/ introductie/.
Acknowledgments This research was supported by  CONACYT Mexico  through  CB-0242085 Project  and  VIEP-BUAP  project  2018. JMS thanks  BUAP  for financial support granted for a scientific visit at IFUAP. We thank  Prof. S. Dorbolo  ( ULG ),  Prof. N. Vandewalle  ( ULG ) and  F. Moreau  ( PPrime ) for helpful discussions and ideas. Finally, we thank  Prof. Ma. E. Mendoza-Álvarez  ( BUAP ) for the encouraging support and remarks.
g Miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) were recorded at -60 mV in CA1 pyramidal neurons to evaluate basal inhibitory transmission. Top, schematic representation of electrode arrangement and representative traces of mIPSCs. Bottom, cumulative probability and box plots showing increased frequency (left) and reduced amplitude (right) of mIPSCs in Ts2Cje mice. Normalization of Grik1 dosage recovered these phenotypes to euploid levels (n = 22 for euploid, n = 31 for Ts2Cje, n = 23 for TsGrik1 +/-, one-way ANOVA+Holm-Sidak). *p < 0. 05, **p < 0. 01, ***p < 0. 005. For detailed data values and statistics, see Supplementary Table  2  models of DS, excessive synaptic inhibition is not ubiquitous but rather it appears to be segregated to distal dendrites in the CA1 region while proximal somatodendritic segments become disinhibited.
After induction, the fEPSP was measured for 25 min, when the signal was stable. A depotentiation protocol (900 stimuli at 1 Hz) was then applied and fEPSPs were measured for 35 min All electrophysiological data were acquired using the Clampex 10. 5 software (Axon Instruments) and analyzed using Clampfit 10. 5 (Axon Instruments) and MiniAnalysis (Synaptosoft). Immunohistochemistry. Tissue processing and immunochemistry were performed as previoulsy  37, 53. Briefly, mice were sacrificed with an overdose of urethane injected intraperitoneally and they were perfused intracardially with ice-cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in PBS. The animal's brain was then further fixed in 4% PFA overnight and rinsed in PBS. Sagittal and parasagittal brain sections (40 μm) were obtained on a Leica VT1000 S vibratome.
The sections were washed in PBS and blocked with 0. 2% Triton X-100, 5% bovine serum albumin and 3% normal goat serum in PBS for 2 h. The slices were then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the primary antibody and then for 2 h at room temperature with the secondary antibody. After washing with PBS, the slices were transferred to glass slides, dried, and mounted with Vectashield with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (Vector Laboratories). Imaging. Cell counting of interneurons in CA1, CA3, DG, BLA, and cortex was performed using the Neurolucida software (MBF Bioscience). Briefly, SOM + and PV + interneurons were identified on a fluorescence microscope by their immunohistochemical labeling. Sample images were obtained on a Zeiss LSM880 microscope. Behavioral tests. Following animal handling (2-3 days), 2-4-month-old animals were subjected to behavioral testing by an experimenter blind to the animal's genotype.