dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Another important aspect is that the pVDA image is composed of scans with three different energies (in general, the lower the energy, the higher the energy straggling into the object). This would have to be considered in any estimation of the noise, and the noise in the pVDA three-energy image might even have a different spatial distribution compared to a pVDA single-energy image. Thus, with the data at our disposal, a comparison based only on the mean fluence would be inconclusive and the topic certainly deserves a separate investigation. By design, the pVDA scanner cannot use a single proton energy to cover the WEPL dynamic range required for large objects. Therefore, three different scan energies ( 118 , 160, and 187 MeV) were used and assembled into a single dataset. It was observed that the overlap of the two higher energies resulted in strong ring artifacts present in the RSP image.
The optimal RSP image from this dataset was obtained by removing the overlap between the two highest energies and keeping only the WEPLs sampled from the 160 MeV beam in the region between 100 -125 mm. The origin of the problematic overlap between the two higher energies remains unclear, and the solution adopted in this manuscript might be applicable and valid for this particular dataset only. In a recent work published by DeJongh and DeJongh,  55  images of the same phantom reconstructed with an iterative reconstruction algorithm show only very faint RSP artifacts, but a more conclusive investigation would require comparison of the two algorithms and quantification of the RSP artifacts versus spatial resolution, especially in the case of high values of the relaxation parameter. For the phase-II scanner, the overall MAPE was slightly above 1% (1.
Conclusions In this article, two experiments on blade-abradable coating interactions were performed on a special setup, with a high-frequency data acquisition system and a fully instrumented flat blade, and were used to capture the dynamics of rub events. Blade vertical bending (D T ), blade foot horizontal translation movement (D N ), and coating profile (w) were tracked throughout the tests to identify the mechanisms responsible for the amplification of blade vibrations. These investigations were conducted using a three-embedded interaction diagram, which compares, on the same time-line, the blade vertical and horizontal displacements and the current abradable coating profile in the vicinity of the rub location. It enabled the rewriting of the sequence of events, which initiated and sustained the blade divergence observed in both experiments 1 and 2.
Acknowledgment Financial support for this study is gratefully acknowledged from the following sources: Safran Aircraft Engine (SNECMA), the  French National Association for Research-based Technology (ANRT) , and the  ELSAT2020  project, which is co-financed by the  European Union  with the  European Regional Development Fund , the  French State , and the  Hauts-de-France Regional Council. The authors would also like to extend their special thanks to  Romain Mandard , who conducted these experiments during his PhD thesis and provided a relevant review of this article.
Data Analysis To answer the first RQ, descriptive data (mean values and distribution) were used. For the second RQ, a blockwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the explanatory power of the UTAUT2 factors (H1) and factors related to information seeking about familial cancer (H2) for the intention to use the live chat. In the first block, sociodemographic factors were included as control variables. In the second block, the UTAUT2 factors were considered, whereas, in the third block, additional factors related to information seeking about familial cancer were integrated. All variables were included in the model based on theoretical assumptions.
Participant Characteristics The 1084 participants who were included for data analysis are currently or have been in the past diagnosed with cancer themselves (n=144) or have relatives who are or have been affected by this disease (n=990). They were aged between 18 and 87 (mean 47. 60, SD 15. 92) years. Overall, 547 (50. 5%) were female and 537 (49. 5%) were male. In addition, 543 (50. 1%) had a low level of education and 541 (49. 9%) were highly educated.
Acknowledgments Our work has been carried out as an integral part of the project " Krebsprävention im Dialog (Cancer prevention in dialogue) "-a collaboration of the  Cancer Information Service  of the  German Cancer Research Center , the  Hanover University of Music , Drama and Media, the  Bielefeld University , and the BRCA Netzwerk e. V. , and is financially supported by the  Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft.
0. (see: http://www-dep. iarc. fr/nordcan/English/database. asp, accessed on 1 September 2021). Antoni et al. described several coding and registration issues that affect the computation and comparison of bladder cancer statistics. Multiple tumours occurring in the same individual could also be an issue when examining bladder cancer statistics. Since the implementation of the most recent IARC/IACR rules  [7] , bladder and other urothelial cancers are considered as a single entity for the purpose of counting multiple primary tumours. This implies that if a urothelial tumour appears first in the renal pelvis or the ureter, any subsequent bladder cancer in the same person may be recorded by the registry but will not be reported for statistical purposes. The same situation may arise if a non-invasive bladder tumour is recorded prior to a malignant bladder tumour in the same individual.
As a result, the editors decided to accept that noninvasive diagnoses of bladder cancer are generally considered malignant by pathologists; since Volume VII, the bladder cancer rubric (ICD-10 C67) has therefore included the in situ (ICD-10 D09. 0) and unspecified (ICD-10 D41. 4) categories [. ]. A few registries preferred not to include such cases in their dataset, even when available in the registry, for the sake of continuity over time"  [8]. These problems concern not only the bladder tumours but also all tumours of the urothelium. As consequence of these problems and others, the registration of urothelial cancers raises specific issues due to the occurrence of different tumour types with a clinical course characterised by high recurrence and progression rates. It is indeed now well established that urothelial tumours (UT) often present as a continuum either between noninvasive flat tumours (pTis) and invasive malignant tumours, or between low-or high-grade papillary tumours (pTa) and invasive malignant tumours.
Materials and Methods This study was jointly carried out by the Tarn (France), Tarragona (Spain) and Girona (Spain) CRs. The survey had two parts. The first one consisted of a questionnaire in graphic form that aimed at evaluating how 15 clinical situations are considered in the registration and reporting of tumours, and how the CR encodes these data. These situations included non-invasive UTs, multiple UTs, UTs that occur outside the registration area or before the operative period and, in the case of multiple UTs, the time between UTs (See Appendix A, Figure  A1  for the filling instructions given to CR). For each situation, the questions that were asked were: "Which tumour or tumours do you record from this patient? Which tumour or tumours do you report for this patient (that is, count in incidence or submit to a database to count in the incidence)? How do you code the tumour topography, behaviour, and grade?" The second part was designed to assess CR coding practices in two specific situations: coding tumour morphology in various situations of composite tumours (that means UT with epidermoid, glandular or neuroendocrine components) and coding the behaviour of the UT when the level of invasion is unclear in the tumour sample.
Once the methodology was developed, the questionnaires were presented during the Group of Epidemiology and Cancer Registry in Latin-speaking Countries (GRELL) meeting in 2017 in Brussels, then tested with volunteer registries and sent to 91 European CR members of the GRELL at the end of 2017. One reminder was sent and the deadline to answer the survey was 31 January 2018. All questions about the questionnaire were answered to whoever asked them. Furthermore, the authors contacted the registries by email in case of missing data or need for confirmation.
Latin America continues to be severely underrepresented in genomics research, and fine-scale genetic histories as well as complex trait architectures remain hidden due to the lack of Big Data. To fill this gap, the Mexican Biobank project genotyped 1. 8 million markers in 6,057 individuals from 32 states and 898 sampling localities across Mexico with linked complex trait and disease information creating a valuable nationwide genotype-phenotype database. Through a suite of state-of-the-art methods for ancestry deconvolution and inference of identity-by-descent (IBD) segments, we inferred detailed ancestral histories for the last 200 generations in different Mesoamerican regions, unraveling native and colonial/post-colonial demographic dynamics. We observed large variations in runs of homozygosity (ROH) among genomic regions with different ancestral origins reflecting their demographic histories, which also affect the distribution of rare deleterious variants across Mexico.
Acknowledgments We thank the participants of the  Encuesta Nacional de Salud , 2000(2000 National Health Survey, ENSA 2000), conducted in Mexico nationwide by the  Secretaría de Salud  ( Health Secretariat ) and the  Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública  ( National Institute of Public Health, INSP). We are grateful to  Mauricio Hernández  and  Celia Alpuche-Aranda  for Institutional support from  INSP ,  Mitzi Flores ,  Rocío Nájera , and  Adriana Garmendia  for project management support, and to  Carlos Conde ,  Victor Guerrero Lemus ,  Armando Mendez Herrera ,  Cruz Portugal García ,  Rosario Rodriguez , and  Manuel Velazquez Mesa  for biobank maintenance and sample preparation. We thank  Mary Ortega ,  Cecilia Gutiérrez , and  Sara García  for technical assistance,.
Funding This work was supported by "The  Mexican Biobank Project: Building Capacity for Big Data Science in Medical Genomics in Admixed Populations", a binational initiative between Mexico  and the UK co-funded equally by  CONACYT  (Grant number  FONCICYT/50/2016 ), and  The Newton Fund through The Medical Research Council  (Grant number  MR/N028937/1 ) awarded to AME and AH. MS was also supported by the  Chicago Fellows program  of the  University of Chicago. Training activities in Mexico were hosted by  CINVESTAV  and supported in part by  CABANA , a capacity strengthening project for bioinformatics in Latin America, funded by the  Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF)  of the UK.
While these models are not devoid of limitations  [6, 7] , specific prognostic factors (eg, tumor size, World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology grade, presence of necrosis, and vascular invasion, integrated into the above-mentioned scores) might play a key role in modulating the risk of recurrence in individual patients. Overall, the estimated 5-yr DFS among eligible patients may range from 12% to 95% according to the Leibovich score  [6]  and from 8% to 79% according to the ASSURE model  [7]. Therefore, although DFS might not necessarily be a reliable surrogate metric for OS  [8] , we might argue that the higher the risk of recurrence, the better is the cost/benefit ratio for adjuvant pembrolizumab. Interestingly, in our prospectively collected multicenter data set (n = 681 consecutive patients with M0 ccRCC treated between 2015 and 2021 at Careggi Hospital, San Luigi Hospital, and UZ Leuven), 26% of the patients could have met the KEYNOTE-564 eligibility criteria, most of whom (87%) had pT3a N0 stage.
Acknowledgments To the members of the scientific committee of the GEM ResoVerneuil:  Laurent Abramowitz ,  Pierre-André Bécherel ,  Anne-Cécile Ezanno ,  Charlotte Fite ,  Germaine Gabison ,  Aude Nassif ,  Laure Mery-Bossard  and  Domitille Thomas-Beaulieu. The abstract of this paper was presented at the 10th Conference of the  European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation  ( EHSF) 2021  and at the  Journées Dermatologiques of Paris 2021.
Data collection The final results of all sprint and pursuit races are publicly available on the datacenter webpage of the IBU: https://biathlonresults. com/. The results were collected on the 15th December 2020 starting from the 2001/2002 season. All the results taken into account for the men's pursuit world cup were gathered, including world championships and Olympic games before 2014. It provides us 148 different pursuit results. All these results provide us an important database of pursuit results in different conditions that are considered to give an appropriate representation of the different possible pursuit scenarios.
e. smaller) rank f ki and so, for all j, f ji ≥ f ki. So, this biathlete deserves a good alternative final pursuit rank, whatever his starting rank. On the contrary, if q ki is equal to one (i. e. for all j, f ji < f ki ), then f ki is the worst final pursuit rank achieved by any of the 148 biathletes with this starting rank i and it must lead to a poor alternative final pursuit rank. Estimating a quantity (here a performance during a pursuit race) using comparisons to existing distributions (such as the previous pursuit results) is a common approach in non-parametric statistics  (Wasserman, 2006). It prevents making false assumptions on the underlying distributions but requires an important number of datasets. In this application, with 148 datasets of previous biathlon pursuit results, this framework seems adapted.
So, it seems logical that they lose ranks with the alternative ranking. On the contrary, E. Jacquelin, S. Schempp, and T. Bormolini performed very well during the pursuit race (resp. 14, 22, 28 ranks won during the pursuit race) and deserve their better pursuit rank using the alternative ranking. For example, T. Bormolini will be ranked 6th with the alternative pursuit ranking whereas it never happened on all the past 148 pursuit races with the current ranking system for a biathlete with the 60th starting rank, as it could be seen on the last plot of Fig. 2. The computer code used to obtain the results of Table  1  is provided as Supplementary Material with the corresponding dataset. This code could be reused with any pursuit result to compute the alternative rankings in less than a second on an ordinary laptop.
Landings Data Collection In 1991, Laroche et al. stationed surveyors at two landing sites in the commune of Morondava on the west coast of Madagascar; the first in the fokontany of Avaradrova, and the second in the fokontany of Betania (Figure  1B ). The monitoring was carried out for 22 days a month over a 7-month period from April to October 1991. Each day the surveyors recorded the total fishing effort as the number of pirogues that went out to sea from the landing site and sampled ten of the returning pirogues for catch (although there is no record of sampling strategy for these ten pirogues). For each pirogue sampled, the surveyor recorded the number of individuals taking part in the fishing operation, the name of the fishing sites visited, the type of fishing gear employed and a visual estimation of the weight of each species caught, with surveyors being trained prior to sampling in estimating catch weights  (Laroche et al.
, 1997). The number of fish in catches was not recorded. Note that only gillnet and handline fishing gears were recorded in 1991. The presence and recording of other gear types in the same study in other locations (Morombe and Toliara) suggests that if other gear types were being used in the Morondava fishery they would have been recorded. In 2011, as part of a wider participatory project to understand fishing in the region  (Gough et al. , 2020) , the present study stationed fisheries surveyors at the same landing sites as in  Laroche et al. (1997). Two local surveyors were recruited from each village and following training and piloting of data collection in November-December 2010, sampling was undertaken for a minimum of two days every week at each landing site for the year (Jan-Dec) of 2011, with a break over the month of June due to local celebrations.
CPUE P n i k ni ik i = ( ) = ∑ 1 / Where P ik is the capture weight (kg) and n i is the number of fishing hours (# fishers x trip duration). Average CPUE i (expressed as kg trip -1 ) was also calculated for each gear type per calendar month. Total fishing effort (f i ) was also calculated as in  Laroche et al. (1997)  by gear type. f t d s i = × ( ) Where t is the number of fishing trips recorded per month and d is the number of fishing days per month and s is the number of days when surveys were conducted. In 2011, data collectors reported observing only 60% of fishing trips. Therefore, observation numbers were adjusted to provide an estimate of the total number of trips. Monthly catch Estimation of the catch (C i ) for each month by fishing gear type was then calculated. C CPUE f i i i = × The following metrics as reported by  Laroche et al.
(1997)  were also calculated for each gear; FISHM: the number of people employed in the use of a particular fishing gear LENG: the average duration of a fishing trip (minutes) ACTI: the estimate of the daily proportion of pirogues fishing [ACTI = (number of trips during the whole survey period x 100)/total number of pirogues x number of days surveyed)]. Each of these results calculated for 2011 observations by gear type was then compared with the results reported by  Laroche et al. (1997)  for the data collected in 1991. Raw data values and measures of variance were not presented in the 1997 publication; therefore, summary descriptive statistics are used to make comparisons between 1991 and 2011 metrics. Laroche et al. (1997)  provides a summary of the taxonomic composition of catches reporting the major family groups and their proportional contribution to catches.
RESULTS In 2011, surveys were conducted 2-4 days per week (overall 34% of total fishing days in Avaradrova and 40% of fishing days in Betania). Data collectors observed a total of 18,304 boats going fishing, with an average of 68 and 77 boats per day in Avaradrova and Betania respectively, which was estimated by the data collectors to represent 60% of the total number of boats out fishing on any given day. They collected samples from a total of 1,555 fishing trips (570 in Avaradrova and 985 in Betania) which indicates that samples were taken for between 6 and 8% of the active boats. The number of fishers on a single fishing trip ranged from 1 to 11 and catch surveys recorded 72,234 kg of fish landed, comprising a total of 447,585 individual fish from 32 families. A further 2,158 kg of crustaceans and 41 kg of holothurians was also landed but excluded from this analysis as the study by Laroche et al.
, 2016). Losses in S/N discrimination could also explain the alterations in auditory processing in ASD. Post-mortem studies have revealed that the density of dendritic spines in the temporal lobe is higher in ASDs than in TDs, showing a large age variability within the ASD group  (Hutsler and Zhang, 2010). This variability, which probably depends on internal noise levels, both within and between individuals, could be 1 https://databases. lovd. nl/shared/variants/ADAR representative of the process of synaptic pruning that relies on prior neuronal migration patterns. In addition, individuals with ASD are often prone to hyper-or hypo-sensitivity to sound, light and texture, both of which fluctuate from birth to adolescence  (Park et al. , 2017). This is likely to be reflected in differences in speech-VS-noise discrimination in people with ASD, who are often able to show superior performance in simple psychoacoustic tasks, such as pitch memory and discrimination tasks, while being poor in tasks that require complex auditory processing, such as speech intonation, prosody, and visual-auditory integration  (O'Connor, 2012; Dunlop et al.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant overseen by the  French National Research Agency (ANR)  as part of the  "JCJC" program BàMAn  ( ANR-18-CE04-0001-01 ). Sergi Vinardell  is grateful to the  Generalitat de Catalunya  for his predoctoral FI grant and the travel stipend ( 2019 FI_B 00394 ). Sergi Astals is grateful to the  Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for his Ramon y Cajal fellowship  ( RYC-2017-22372 ).
Levels of production for each crop/livestock product categories, land use, and the nitrogen balance are calculated by the model. TYFAm is also coupled with the Climagri calculator to compute GHG emissions of the food system, for both the baseline and the scenario (see  Eglin et al. , 2016). TYFAm is parametrized at the EU level, using average values for each parameters or results. These values are calculated from Eurostat and the EFSA data base for the baseline (calibrated on 2010 data); they are derived from our assumptions for the scenario (see below). Such an EU-wide approach is coherent with the objective of the foresight exercise, which is to explore under which conditions an agroecological Europe could sustainably and healthily feed 530 million European citizens by 2050 while restoring biodiversity and reducing GHG emissions.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors gratefully acknowledge the fundings provided by the following institutions: the  French governement in the frame of the programme "investissements d'avenir ", managed by the  French National Research Agency (ANR)  under reference  ANR-10-LABX-01 ; the  Daniel and Nina Carasso Foundation , under grand n 00092407; the foundation  Charles Léopold Mayer pour le progrès de l'Homme ; the foundation Didier et  Martine Primat ; the  Office Français pour la Biodiversité.
The latter vaccine, Ad26. ZIKV. 001, has recently been evaluated in phase I clinical trials (NCT03356561), where it was tested in a single-shot or homologous prime:boost regimen (Table  3 ). Eight weeks following the prime immunization, homologous boosting of both NAbs and IFN-g + ELISpot responses were detected. 58 veral other approaches have included vaccines based on Ad5 and ChAdOx1, in which the encoded antigen formulation was modified to identify the optimal transgene cassette. A study by Kim and colleagues encoded the extracellular portion of E, in which the transmembrane domain (TM) was removed and replaced with a heterologous trimerization domain from T4 bacteriophage, fibritin foldon. 105 his modified antigen was encoded within Ad5 and used to immunize mice s. c. with 1 Â 10 11 vps, with a homologous vector boost www.
m. at a dose of 5 Â 10 10 vps were well tolerated,  77  with a profile of adverse reactions similar to prior reports for Ad vaccines (ClinicalTrials. Gov ID: NCT04324606). In this relatively small study, 534 participants were administered with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, and 533 participants were administered with the meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenACWY vaccine. 77 Solicited local and systemic adverse reactions were recorded at day 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 post-vaccination, with a follow-up evaluation for safety and efficacy on days 184 and 364. Among solicited local adverse responses recorded during the first 7 days post-vaccination, the most common were mild tenderness, which was reported by 83% of participants, and pain at the injection site (reported by 67% of participants). Mild-to-moderate fatigue (70% of participants), headache (68%), malaise (61%), and muscle ache (60%), followed by chills and feeling feverish, were among the most common systemic adverse reactions reported within 7 days of ChA-dOx1 vaccine administration.