dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
O32 Weaning results of a consecutive series of 73 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated by the new Lyon brace (ARTBRACE) Jean-Claude de Mauroy 1 , Frédéric Barral 2 , Sophie Pourret 2 Introduction ART is the acronym for Asymmetry, Rigid, Torsion. The realization of this brace is based on new concepts (circled helicoid, global detorsion, soft contact, mayonnaise tube effect, axilla baby lift, wrench & bolt) The excellent in-brace correction has been proven on a consecutive series of 141 AIS selected according to the SRS criteria in a prospective database. Results at six months and a year were compared with those of the former Lyon brace and confirm that these good results remain constant.
Objectives It is now possible to study the Cobb angle results of the first 73 AIS reaching the end of treatment. Are the first results at 1 year confirmed? Methods This is a prospective controlled cohort observational study based on ongoing database including 544 patients with AIS treated with ARTbrace from May 2013 to November 2015. Only primary curves were selected and lumbar scoliosis  (Lenke 5 ) are excluded as treated with the short GTB brace. The weaning protocol is identical to that of the former Lyon brace and compliant with the SOSORT guidelines. Statistical analysis has been done with SPSS v20. For all variables, normality of data was ascertained by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test. All tests were two-sided, with significance set at p < 0. 05. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Objectives The aim is to provide a point of comparison between different braces and study the factors determining the reduction. Methods This is a prospective controlled cohort observational study based on ongoing database including 544 patients with AIS treated with ARTbrace from May 2013 to November 2015. Only primary curves were selected, lumbar curves Lenke 5 are excluded as treated with the short GTB brace. The SRS criteria group consisted of 141 patients with 177 curves. Brace checking is performed 3-4 days after brace delivery with EOS ultra-low dose. Statistical analysis has been done with SPSS v20. For all variables, normality of data was ascertained by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test. All analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle. All tests were two-sided, with significance set at p < 0.
Introduction Clinical experience shows that it not always possible to achieve the same degree of scoliotic curve correction even if the brace is the same with similar modalities of applying the corrective actions. Objectives Aim of the study is to investigate other possible factors influencing the initial in-brace correction. Methods From our prospective database we retrieved 381 patients affected with idiopathic scoliosis below 40 Cobb degrees who underwent full time bracing till end of skeletal growth. Each patient underwent X-rays controls in teleradiography (2 meters, 36 X 91 films) in AP e LL view. For the present study, only the X-ray performed at two conventional times were considered: t0) beginning of treatment; t1) 3 months after treatment beginning. The following data were recorded: age at t0, age at menarche, Risser at t0, severity of the curve in Cobb degrees (at t0 and t1), severity of rotation in Pedriolle degrees (at t0 and t1).
Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of orthotic treatment in patients with adult onset spinal deformity (scoliosis or kyphosis). Methods Search Strategy: The following databases were searched with English Language limitations: NTIS, OpenGrey. org On-going research via online professional forums and other expert opinion, BAPO, ISPO AAOP -JPO AAOP CPO, CAPO, CENTRAL -Cochrane Library, EBSCO including, Cinahl -full text, MEDLINE AMED. Limiters to "all adult". English language only. Selection criteria: Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, quasi experimental designs, comparing orthotic treatments with no treatment, and other non-surgical interventions and co-interventions.
Objectives The results on large homogenous prospective series have never been published to date. Methods This is a prospective controlled cohort observational study (Oxford Levels of Evidence 2) based on ongoing database including 618 consecutive patients with AIS treated with GTB1 from 1998 to 2013. The statistical treatment was performed using SPSS v20 pack. The overall untwisting of the lumbar spine requires two fixed points on the iliac crest and at the base of the rib cage. Geometric detorsion is obtained by a translation along the vertebral axis by increasing the distance between the iliac crest and the base of the thoracic cage. Mechanical detorsion is a rotation around the vertebral axis by translation of the soft tissues. The original curved anterior trim line provides stability and facilitates untwisting.
Methods The databases of AbleData, IBSS, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE/ PubMed, CINAHL, Native Health Databases, CIRRIE, RECAL Legacy, Compendex, REHABDATA, EMBASE, Global Health and Web of Science were searched. The study inclusive criteria are: 1) prospective study; 2) investigated spinal flexibility on patients with AIS; 3) published over the past two decades.
Objectives The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise and evaluate the reliability and validity of the non-radiographic methods of assessing global sagittal balance. Methods Results from a systematic review of five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and AMED) based around three main term groups (sagittal alignment, psychometric properties and physical tests) were screened by two independent reviewers. The reviewers extracted and evaluated, in consultation with a third adjudicating reviewer, the relevant data and article quality according to the 13 item Brink and Louw critical analysis tool (B&L CAT).
Introduction In standard practice, in-brace correction is assessed during the first follow-up clinic approximately 6 weeks after the brace has been fabricated. Unsatisfactory correction may trigger adjustments to the brace which will delay the effective treatment. Objectives This study assessed the benefits of using real-time ultrasound (US) to assist brace casting (intervention) versus the standard brace design method (control) (NCT02996643). Methods Thirty-four full time TLSO candidates with AIS participated with 17 (2 M, 15 F; Major Cobb: 35 ± 8 degrees; 12. 9 ± 1. 6 years) in the intervention group and 17 (2 M, 15 F; Major Cobb: 32 ± 9 degrees; 13. 2 ± 1. 4 years) in the control group. A medical ultrasound (US) system integrated with position sensing was used to acquire real-time spinal images.
Methods The following 14 databases were searched: Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Rehabdata, PsycInfo, ERIC, Education Research Complete, Business Source Complete, IEEE, NIHR and CEA Registry. MeSH headings and free text terms for orthotics were used along with study design categories to capture all research in the area of orthotics and spinal deformities. No language restriction was applied to the search. Searches were adapted for each database and were completed during September 2015. Initial screening was conducted by two reviewers. Two reviewers then independently screened the titles and abstracts of these studies for full text review. The independent screening was completed using the online screening software provided by Covidence (https://www. covidence.
Results and discussion One hundred sixty-one consecutive patients were registered on the database as of 27/11/2015. Of this number 156 (97%) provided pretreatment data and 110 (68%) provided both pre and post treatment data. Before treatment mean SRS-30 score was 3. 57 ranging from 1. 86 to 4. 90 and mean EQ5D score was 0. 76 ranging from 0. 22 to 1, n = 156. The mean change after treatment for EQ5D was an improvement of 0. 09 (95% CI 0. 055 to 0. 114) for the SRS-30 this was 0. 24 (95% CI -0. 148 to 0. 332), n = 110. Both were statistically significant improvements with p < 0. 01 for both measures. The relationship between SRS-30 and EQ5D scores was estimated to allow researchers to predict EQ5D scores from SRS-30 data. The model estimated has an intercept of -0. 029 (SE 0. 043) and the following coefficients for function: 0.
Objectives To determine the effect of a six-month Schroth intervention added to standard of care (Experimental group) on the Cobb angle compared to standard of care alone (Control group) in patients with AIS. Methods Fifty patients with AIS aged 10 -18 years, with curves of 10¡-45¡ and Risser grade 0 -5 were recruited from a single pediatric scoliosis clinic in Canada and randomized to the Experimental or Control group (NCT01610908). The primary and secondary outcomes were the change in the Largest Curve and Sum of Curves from baseline to 6 months. The intervention consisted of a 30 -45-minute long daily home program of Schroth exercises and weekly 1 h-long supervised sessions. The exercises, adapted to the curve types were taught over 5 individual sessions, and adjusted weekly during supervised sessions according to an algorithm.
Introduction In studies of suboptimal quality, Schroth exercises have shown promise for slowing curve progression and improving posture in patients with AIS. However, few studies have reported quantitative measurements of the effect of scoliosis specific exercises on the external deformity. Reviews call for randomized and prospective controlled studies on exercises for scoliosis. Objectives This assessor and statistician-blinded RCT in patients with AIS (NCT01610908) aimed to determine the effect of Schroth exercises added to standard of care (EXP group) to standard of care alone (CTRL group) on the external deformity measured using surface topography. Methods Fifty consecutive participants with AIS, aged 10-18 years, with curves of 10°-45°and Risser 0-5, were recruited from a scoliosis clinic and randomized to the EXP or CTRL group.
O62 Effects of Schroth exercises added to standard care in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on marker-less surface topography asymmetry measurementsa randomized controlled trial (RCT) Eric C. Parent 1 , Maliheh Ghaneei 1 , Samer Adeeb 1 , Sanja Schreiber 1 , Marc Moreau 1,2 , Douglas Hedden 1,2 , Douglas Hill 1,2 , Sarah Southon 1,2  Introduction In studies of suboptimal quality, Schroth exercises have shown promise for slowing curve progression and improving posture in AIS. Few studies have reported quantitative measurements of the effect of scoliosisspecific exercises on the external deformity. Reviews call for randomized and prospective controlled studies on exercises for scoliosis. This assessor and statistician-blinded RCT (NCT01610908) in AIS aimed to determine the effect of Schroth exercises added to standard of care (EXP group) to standard of care alone (CTRL group) on asymmetry measurements from marker-less surface topography (ST) analysis.
Objectives To determine whether exercise or surgery is more effective for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis in adults. Methods A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE, SPORTDISCUS, and EBMR for articles published through November 2015. PICO was used to design the selection criteria for relevant studies. Quality assessment was evaluated using the 'Physiotherapy Evidence Database' (PEDro). A narrative synthesis was conducted in order to analyse the relationships within and between the studies. Mean numerical values were presented as a mean difference (MD) and the findings were compared to determine potential heterogeneity of treatment effect.
Methods This study retrospectively examined subject data and radiographs from the large, multicenter controlled Bracing in Adolescent  Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST, Weinstein et al, 2013 NCT00448448). Digital radiographs were examined from patients with an SRS classification of single thoracic, double thoracic, or double major curve. Using the protocol developed by Mehta, RVAD was measured at the apical (V3), 2 superior (V2, V1), and 2 inferior (V4, V5) vertebra. RVAD was compared to other clinically relevant measures (rotational prominence, Risser sign, etc. ). For analysis, subjects were classified as treatment success or failure using the BrAIST threshold of final Cobb angle less than 50 degrees as treatment success. Subjects were also analyzed in classifications of progressive or non-progressive curves, using a threshold of 10 degrees of curvature change to be considered progressive.
Methods We included untreated subjects from the BrAIST database who met current bracing indications and reached a study endpoint. Logistic regression models were created to predict the endpoint of progression to 50¡ prior to skeletal maturity (failure). Two models were developed, one using the Risser grade and the other using the SMS. Other candidate variables included age, sex, maximum Cobb angle, kyphosis, and the SRS curve classification. The minimum probability of failure at which patients should be considered high risk, implying need for a brace, was selected with the goal of keeping the false negative fraction (i. e. under-treatment) at <10% while maximizing overall accuracy (i. e. appropriate treatment).
Methods This was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (NCT01610908). Fifty patients with AIS, aged 10-18, with curves 10¡-45¡, with or without brace, and all maturity levels were included. The intervention consisted of a 30-minute daily home program of Schroth exercises and weekly 1 h-long supervised sessions. Exercises were adjusted weekly during supervised sessions according to an algorithm. MID were determined using anchor-and distributionbased methods. Anchor-based MID was defined as the mean pretreatment/follow-up difference in the outcomes in the group of patients who reported at least +2 (a little bit of improvement) on a 15-point Global Rating of Change (GRC). Distribution-based MID included standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable difference (MDD95).
Objectives The aim of this study is twofold: to appraise the methodological quality and to determine the applicability of the existing clinical practice guidelines (CPG) on conservative care for AIS within the chiropractic profession. Methods CPG were collected using electronic databases covering 2005-2015: Academy Complete Search, Medline, Cinahl and Grey literature in French and English languages. Only the CPG concerned with the detection and conservative care for AIS were included. Among the three guidelines that were initially collected, only one (SOSORT 2011) met the criteria, as the others were built as practitioner's guides. A panel of five experts, selected through a purposive sampling method, used the AGREE II tool, which is divided into 6 domains (D1 scope and purpose, D2 stakeholder involvement, D3 rigour, D4 clarity, D5 applicability and D6 editorial independence), to assess the guideline methodological quality.
Objectives This study aimed to review various studies using CAD/CAM systems in design and manufacture of spinal orthosis, and their relevant evidence on treatment effectiveness for AIS. Methods This review searched the keywords, "scoliosis", "orthosis", "orthoses", "spinal orthosis", "AIS", "orthotic", along with "CAD/CAM", "computeraided", "computer", in the databases of AbleData, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, CIRRIE, RECAL Legacy, Compendex, EMBASE, MED-LINE/PubMed, Global Health and Web of Science, IBSS, Native Health Databases, REHABDATA, and Scopus. All the relevant abstracts were screened, and those studies related to design and fabrication of spinal orthosis for AIS using CMM and CCM were included.
Objectives To determine reliability coefficients and explore the amount of variability of selected surface topography parameters in an adult patient population (40-70 years). Methods Test/retest reliability with one tester using middle aged and older adults. Ten volunteers were examined using surface topography by one examiner. A sample of convenience was chosen from an existing patient database from an outpatient physical therapy clinic. Inclusion criteria: male and female adults within the ages of 40 to 70 years of age, must be out of direct patient care for a minimum of 30 days. Exclusion criteria: recent musculoskeletal surgery, neurological disorders affecting standing balance, congenital spinal deformities requiring previous spinal surgery, medication affecting balance, ankylosing spondylitis, subjects with limb amputations, acute herniated cervical, thoracic, or lumbar discs, cardiac, chest or abdominal surgery, injuries to upper quadrant including rotator cuff injuries or clavicle injuries, and acute respiratory infections with cough.
Objectives The primary objective of this observational study is to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the surface topography of the back and spine with a view to create a normative database. Methods After necessary ethical approval, a group of 120 university students were recruited to participate in this study. This sample consisted of both males and females between the age of 17 and 20 who were actively engaged in a variety of sport. After recording anthropometric data and the details of their preferred sport along with the frequency of training/ participation in the preferred sport, we recorded the surface topography using a newly developed system. This system made use of the commercially available Microsoft Kinect© and a bespoke software code. We examined the left -right symmetry along with the curvature of the spine.
Results and discussion Results clearly indicate the differences in the back surface topography amongst various groups. Whilst the primary objective of this study is to see if there is any measurable and meaningful relationship between the physical activity and surface differences in the human back, the reported results is the first step to develop a normative database of the topography within young adults. These results will help to design further structured studies in this area and will help in the assessment of physical medicine interventions in various types of clinical conditions involving the spine and back.
Methods We perform a systematic review of papers describing the natural history of IS during growth and its progression during growth. We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and SCOPUS databases up to November 2015. We also screened reference lists of the eligible studies and narrative reviews. Eligible studies were prospective or retrospective studies that enrolled patients with infantile (IIS), juvenile (JIS) or adolescent IS (AIS) followed up without any treatment from the time of detection. We used standard methodological procedures expected by guidelines for systematic reviews.
Acknowledgements This project is supported by  HK Research Grants Council  ( 463113  and  14116415 ), and  CUHK   Direct grant  ( 4054190 ). 1  U. O. C. of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Institute of Scientific Research, P. zza S. Onofrio 4, Rome ,  00165 , Italy; 2  Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital "Agostino Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome ,  00168 , Italy; 3 Independent practitioner,  Rome ,  Italy Correspondence :  Angelo Gabriele Aulisa Scoliosis  and Spinal Disorders 2017, 12(Suppl 1): O54 P13  The effectiveness of Scroth based physical therapy and a modified pilates program on an adult with idiopathic scoliosis: a case report  Lise Stolze Stolze Therapies, Denver, CO, USA Scoliosis  and Spinal Disorders 2017, 12(Suppl 1):P13 1  Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht , The Netherlands; 2  Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht , The Netherlands; 3  Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; 4 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Correspondence :  Rob C.
They show promise as tools to harness collective intelligence, the processing of information by connected groups of humans  [14]. In what follows, we describe the approach and present the results obtained by applying it to a digital ethnography dataset. We first introduce a data model for SSNs (section 2). Next, we present data in SSN form from a study on communityprovided health and social care services (section 3. We then illustrate how we used SSNs to aggregate and navigate a large corpus of ethnographic evidence (section 4). Finally, we reflect on some possible extensions to SSNs and their potential for allowing digital ethnography to scale, while still maintaining its methodological advantages(section 5). 2 Semantic social networks: a generalised data model for digital ethnography: Ethnography is a qualitative research technique aimed at discovering how a certain group of humans perceives a set of issues.
To process ethnographic evidence at scale, we recast it as data. Data are characterised by a structure, common to all datapoints in a given dataset, that makes it amenable to being processed by machines. Machine processing, in turn, paves the way to research at scale. The specific challenge for ethnographers is to fit their evidence into a data structure without compromising its rich, contextual character. In this section, we describe the data structure we implemented in the course of a project called OpenCare. 4 It explores how communities of any kind provide health and social care, when neither states nor business can or will serve them. It consists mostly of an online interaction environment, where individuals share their experiences of care with others, discuss, and compare notes.
Primary data: contributions SSN-based ethnographies start with the posts/comments on the social networking platform or online forums that hosts the conversation. We call contribution a testimony in written form (interview transcript, post on an online forum, etc. ). A contribution is a datapoint of the study's primary dataset, the one generated by the informants themselves. A minimum viable structure for encoding a contribution as primary data includes: Contribution ID The contribution's unique identifier. Text The contribution's complete text. Author ID A unique identifier for the informant that contributed the text. Target ID A unique identifier for the informant that the text is addressed to. Date and time.
Date and time. This representation is sufficient to induce a network where the nodes are informants, and edges represent interactions. Codes associated to the interaction via annotations encode the semantics of that interaction. This is what we call a SSN (Figure  1 ). It proved to be easy to implement with most forum or blogging software applications; simple to process in meaningful ways (see below); and scalable. We propose it is general enough to fit the evidence from most ethnographies, while still rigid enough to encode it into well-formed datasets. Fig. 1 : An interaction between two informants that carries an ethnographic code id the atom of SSNs.
An application: the OpenCare data The OpenCare project explores how communities of any kind provide health and social care, when neither states nor businesses can or will serve them. Data are gathered from an online forum where individuals share and discuss their experiences of community-provided care. At the time of writing, the forum consists of 439 long-form posts with 2,082 comments, authored by 254 unique informants. These were uploaded onto the online forum in the period between January 2016 and May 2017. This corpus was enriched with 4,555 annotations, employing 1,035 unique codes.