dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
, Cary, NC), and noncompartmental analysis was performed using R for Windows version 3. 6. 1 (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria) using PKNCA 0. 9. 1. Demographic and baseline variables were summarized by treatment. For safety and tolerability endpoints, summary statistics for observed values were calculated for all continuous parameters. For each apraglutide dose, noncompartmental analyses of PK data were performed. Data below the LLOQ were set to zero if the LLOQ was reached before time to maximum concentration (t max ), and values were treated as missing if the LLOQ was reached after t max. The elimination rate constant and its derived parameters were excluded when they could not be accurately estimated (negative value for elimination rate constant less than three data points after t max , adjusted R-square <0.
8, 5. 7, 11. 4, 28. 4, and 56 mg were well tolerated, with no observed serious adverse events or immunogenicity  (Bolognani et al. , 2019) , and in two studies in which apraglutide 5 mg was well tolerated in patients with SBS  (Eliasson et al. , 2022a,b). The safety of apraglutide and exploratory clinical efficacy in people with GvHD are being evaluated in the phase 2 STARGAZE trial (NCT05415410). The choice of once-weekly apraglutide doses used in this study was based on results from prior studies showing that weekly apraglutide induced significant clinical effects and consistent plasma citrulline elevations in patients with SBS and healthy volunteers  (Bolognani et al. , 2019; Eliasson et al. , 2022a,b). Furthermore, 6 weeks of treatment was expected to be sufficient to induce the maximal trophic effect in the intestine based on prior studies for other GLP-2 analogs that had study durations of 3-8 weeks  (Buchman et al.
Acknowledgments We thank the following participants at the SIG meetings:  Ingvar Bosaeus , Sweden;  Lorenzo Maria Donini , Italy;  Mette Holst ,  Denmark ;  Alessandro Laviano , Italy;  Marcello Maggio , Italy;  Sylwia Malgorzewicz , Poland;  Nuno Mendonça , Portugal;  Eleonora Poggiogalle , Italy;  Agathe Raynaud-Simon , France;  Ursula Schwab , Finland;  Rainer Wirth ,  Germany.
Patients T HIS IS AN observational retrospective single-center study using a prospectively collected database. All consecutive adult patients with a gastric bypass who underwent an EDGE at Georges-Pompidou European Hospital under the ANMOD network ("Interventional endoscopy on modified anatomy") between January 2020 and December 2022 were included. Those patients who underwent a gastro-gastrostomy for other reasons other than subsequent ERCP were excluded. The protocol was submitted to the Local Ethical Committee (CERUPHO). Age and sex variables were collected. Baseline characteristics such as the primary indication, the presence of acute cholangitis, the length of hospital stay, and the presence of ascites were noted. The weight before the EDGE procedure and at the end of the follow-up was collected as well as the time from the bypass surgery to the EDGE procedure.
Statistical analysis Categorical variables were compared using the v 2 -test. Nonnormally distributed continuous variables were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test and McNemar test. Normal and nonnormal variables were presented as mean (SD) and median (range). A multivariable analysis by binary logistic regression was carried out to determine the risk factors of difficult ERCP. All statistically significant variables in the univariable analysis were included in the model. A two-sided P-value < 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. SPSS software version 24 was used (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).
The model was adjusted by two-stage procedures, as the one-stage EDGEs are considered a different setting, with a higher risk of stent-related AEs 22 except when stent fixation is performed. 23 Indeed, when the scope is in the subcardial position the proximal stomach is detected by EUS and a horizontal axis of the LAMS is frequent, while the transjejunal position frequently leads to a vertical anastomosis with the excluded antrum. The limitations of the present study besides the retrospective design and the previously discussed points related to the definition of the main outcome are the limited follow-up time and relatively wide interval of time between the EUS-guided procedure and the ERCP. The strengths of the research are however the use of a prospectively collected database in a short period of time and the homogeneous cohort of patients who underwent a standardized procedure.
Data Processing and Statistical Analysis SFC-MS data were obtained and processed using Agilent Mass Hunter Workstation Data Acquisition software MRM data B. 08. 00 on the target lipids, including the m/z of precursor and product ions, and the retention time were exported using Qualitative Analysis B. 08. 00 software (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Next, an in-house database constructed using the Skyline software package (MacCoss Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA) was applied to determine the peak area of assigned lipids from replicate raw data. Sample lipid amounts in the MS spectra were normalized by the whole lipid pool per injection.
Funding: This research was funded by The  Royal Physiographic Society in Lund , the  Foundations Åke   Wiberg ,  Alfred  Österlund,  Gyllenstierna-Krapperup ,  Crafoord ,  Magnus Bergvall ,  Tornspiran ,  Clas Groschinsky ,  Längmanska Kulturfonden  and the  Swedish Society of  Medicine. The SFC-HRMS was supported by the  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  (Grant  ANR-16-CE29-0002-01 CAP-SFC-MS ).
Critiques on recent feeding RCTs The neutral or negative effect of early enhanced feeding in recent RCTs has been suggested to be explained by over-representation of patients presumed to carry low risk of malnutrition, by administration of too low amino acid doses, and by the use of calculated energy targets  [31] [32] [33]. However, these critiques have not been supported by high level evidence and several lines of evidence have contradicted them, as outlined below. The Nutrirea-3 RCT, which randomized 3044 adult patients with shock requiring mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support to early full feeding versus one week of calorie-protein restriction irrespective of the feeding route, recently finalized recruitment and will provide more insight (NCT03573739)  [34].
The right panels show respectively the 2D and 3D structural representation of a choline plasmalogen (pPC) and ethanolamine plasmalogen (pPE). The 2D chemical representations were drawn using the software ACD/ChemSketche, Freeware Version (for non-commercial use), while the 3D representations were build using the open-source software Discovery Studio, BIOVIA, Dassault Systèmes. Abbreviations: Pls: plasmalogens: pPC: choline plasmalogen; pPE: ethanolamine plasmalogen; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; R: radical. that Pls form more condensed and thicker lipid bilayers compared to the analogous diacyl phospholipid-based bilayer system  (Rog and Koivuniemi, 2016). Of note, Pls are recognized as essential in highly ordered CM formation in amoeba Chaos upon cell starvation, as above-mentioned  (Chong et al.
, 2022). More recently, a pathobiological link between PAF and neuroinflammation involved in AD was provided by  Liu et al. (2022a)  and  Liu et al. (2022b). The authors screened the Gene Expression Omnibus database and found that between the highly   Thomas et al. (2010)  Intraventricular infusion of propionic acid (PPA) in rats (n = 6) was evaluated for alterations in brain lipids associated with autism-like behavioral changes. PPA-infused rats had significantly reduced total pPE brain levels and significantly increased locomotor activity (total distance travelled and stereotypy). Wiest et al. (2009)  Lipid profiling was performed on fatty acids of plasma samples obtained from children of the Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment study. From plasma samples, children with autism had significantly decreased DHA, PE and PC.
Data sources The current analysis was based on a data set that combined twelve cohorts to examine the relationship between anthropometry and mortality. These cohorts were selected based on two criteria. First, they should examine the relationship between anthropometry and mortality in cohorts of populations of children with no access to a community-based programme of management of severe malnutrition. The objective of these programmes is to improve the prognosis of children with SAM and make populations where such programmes are present not suitable to look at the risk of death in absence of treatment. As these community-based programmes became more widespread in recent years, most cohorts fulfilling these criteria were old, the oldest being based on data collected in 1977, which is a limitation of the study.
Second, the principal investigator of these cohort should agree to share the data for this analysis. Ten of these cohorts, previously described in detail by McDonald et al. (25)  , were from Bangladesh, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Peru, Philippines, Senegal and Sudan. Two additional cohorts from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Niger were also analysed. Four of the twelve cohorts included MUAC measurements: Senegal, DRC, Nepal and Niger. The first additional data set was from Bwamanda, in the north western province of Equateur, DRC  (26). In brief, an open cohort of over 5000 children aged less than 59 months was followed for about 2 years. Children were measured up to six times at 3-month intervals from October 1989 to February 1991. Mortality surveillance was extended to April 1992.
Statistical analysis For all cohorts, the analysis was limited to children aged between 6 and 59 months at the time of screening. These age limits were used as the criterion of MUAC < 115 mm is recommended by the WHO only in this age group and because therapeutic and supplementary feeding programmes focus on this age group. Analysis of MUAC used the four cohorts that had MUAC data available. WHZ and WAZ were calculated using the 2006 WHO growth standards  (28)  and version 0•3•1 of the 'Z-scorer' library for the R language and environment for statistical computing  (29, 30). The analysis was performed for intervals of different durations, all starting at the time of anthropometric assessment and ending 1, 3 and 6 months after the assessment or at the death of the child. In the first stage of the analysis, the sensitivity of each anthropometric variable to identify children with a high risk of death was examined.
Acknowledgements Acknowledgements: The authors thank the principal investigators of the original cohort studies for providing permission for the use of their data for this analysis. We also extend our thanks to  Natalie Sessions  who supported us in the collation of comments for successive drafts. Financial support: This paper is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the  United States Agency for International Development (USAID)  (Award No. 720BHA23CA00001 ) and of  Irish Aid  (grant numbers  HQPU/2021/ENN  and  HQPCR/ 2022/ENN ). The ideas, opinions and comments herein are entirely the responsibility of its authors and do not necessarily represent or reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government or Irish Aid or the  Irish Government. Conflicts of interest: There are no conflicts of interest.
0% to 6. 6%. From these were derived the following: non-HDL-C (TC minus HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) as Lg 10 (triglycerides/HDL-C). 37 Serum stored at -70 • C was used for the measure of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and lipoprotein A (Lp[a]) using the immunoturbidimetric method. 38 In the analyses we also used the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. The repeated measures of lipids in 1991 to 1993 and 2015 to 2016 included all markers apart from Lp(a), apolipoproteins B and A1, and their ratio. The sensitivity and specificity of dementia ascertainment based on HES data are 78. 0% and 92. 0%, respectively. 39 The sensitivity in our study is likely to be further improved due to use of Mental Health Services Data Set, a national database that contains information on dementia for persons in contact with mental health services in hospitals, outpatient clinics, and the community.
Time-to-event analyses The association of each lipid (separate models), measured in 1991 to 1993, with incident dementia was examined using Cox proportionalhazards regression with age as the time scale. Participants were followed up until the date of record of dementia, death, or March 31, 2019, whichever came first. Censoring at date of death was undertaken to account for competing risk of death, reflecting cause-specific hazard models. 41 Preliminary analyses showed a statistically significant interaction between a number of lipid measures and sex, leading to analyses separately in men and women. The proportional hazards assumption was examined by plotting Schoenfeld residuals, and violation of this assumption led us to stratify the analyses on the length of the follow-up (<20 years or ≥20 years, to reflect the long preclinical phase of dementia  16  ) using data on lipids In these analyses all lipids and covariates were drawn from the 1991 to 1993 clinical examination.
Trajectories of lipids using a backward time-scale These analyses were undertaken using repeated data on lipids to examine differences in lipid trajectories between those who developed dementia during the follow-up period (1991 to 1993 and March 31, 2019) and all others. A backward timescale was used such that time t = 0 was the date of dementia diagnosis for dementia cases and end of the follow-up (March 31, 2019) or date of death for noncases. 42 The trajectories of lipids over a maximum of 28 years were examined separately in men and women using linear mixed effects models with random intercept and slope. For each lipid, the model included dementia status at t = 0, ethnicity, education, age at t = 0, time-varying covariates (use of lipids-lowering drugs, marital status, socioeconomic position, obesity, health-related behaviors, an indicator of the baseline lipid measure [0 = baseline measure, 1 = other follow-up measures] to account for period effects [pre-statin era]), time terms (time, time sqared; or time, time sqared, time cubed, based on Akaike Information Criteria), and the interactions of time terms with dementia status at t = 0 and with age at t = 0.
26 A recent study on 1. 8 million individuals from a primary care database found TC and LDL-C but not HDL-C and triglycerides to be associated with dementia when lipids were measured before 65 years and the follow-up was longer than 10 years, in analyses with sex as a covariate. 14 A recent study of 469,466 participants (median follow-up 11. 8 years) showed ApoA1, ApoB, their ratio, and triglycerides to be associated with the risk of dementia in analyses adjusted for sex, with association being stronger before age 60. 45  Studies that have examined the prospective association of HDL-C did not find an association with dementia. 14, 34 r panel of lipids is based on that used in the INTERHEART study  6  where the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was a stronger risk factor than other cholesterol ratios for acute myocardial infarction.
Free-comment Temporal dominance of sensations Temporal check-all-that-apply Attack-evolution-finish Rate-All-That-Apply Sensory perception Taste interaction Sensometrics a b s t r a c t This paper describes data on the consumer sensory perception of liquid mixtures including sapid and aromatic compounds. A total of 149 consumers participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to one of three panels. Each panel used a different tem poral sensory evaluation method among Temporal Dominance of Sensation (TDS, n = 50), Temporal Check-All-That-Apply (TCATA, n = 50) and Attack-Evolution-Finish Rate-All-That-Apply (AEF-RATA, n = 49) to evaluate solutions delivered by a gustometer (Burghart GU002). First, four simple solutions (composed of a single compound) were delivered to the consumers to evaluate their recognition ability using Free Comment.
Objective These last years, numerous sensory evaluation methods have been developed to capture the dynamic of perception during the tasting of food products. However, "sensory reality" remains unknown, thus it is difficult for sensory scientists to determine which method is more valid. The data were collected to investigate how the perception of controlled temporal stimuli delivered using a gustometer are transcribed by consumers using three different sensory evaluation methods: Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS), Temporal Check-All-That-Apply (TCATA), and Attack-Evolution-Finish Rate-All-That-Apply (AEF-RATA). The ultimate objective was to confront the results of the methods to the chemical reality of the stimuli to document the validity and reliability of the methods.
Data Description The dataset is provided as an Excel file (data. xlsx) including six sheets. Consumer provides information about the participants. "Panel": name of the panel to which the participant has been assigned. The name of the panel corresponds to the name of the method used for the temporal sensory evaluation: TDS, TCATA, and AEF-RATA. "Consumer": unique code of the participant. "Gender": gender of the participant (Male or Female). "Age": age of the participant. Stimuli provides information about the sequences delivered in the recognition task and in the temporal perception task. "Stimulus": code of the stimulus. Stimuli with the following codes have been delivered during the recognition task: Acid, Sweet, Salty, Lemon and Basil. Other codes correspond to stimuli delivered during the temporal perception task.
"Attribute" corresponds to the attribute related to the delivered compound (salty for sodium chloride; sweet for saccharose; acid for citric acid; lemon for citral, and basil for basil hydrosol). "Time": beginning time of delivery of "Attribute" expressed in seconds. "Quantity": quantity delivered at the different concentrations of the intensity levels (10% for weak; 50% for medium, and 90% for strong). RecognitionTask provides data related to the recognition task. "Panel", "Consumer", "Stimulus": see above. "FrenchDescription": free comments (in French) reported by the participants to describe the stimulus. "Attributes": sensory attributes extracted from free comments and translated to English by the experimenters. "Result": categorization of the result of the recognition task performed by the experimenters in five levels: not identified (NotIdentified), approximately identified with the need for several attributes (Identified_Approximate_NotUnique), approximately identified with the need for a single attribute (Identified_Approximate_Unique), identified with the need for several attributes (Identified_Exact_NotUnique) and identified with the need for a single attribute (Identi-fied_Exact_Unique).
"Duration": duration of perception of the stimulus, in seconds. TDS , TCATA and AEF-RATA provide data collected with the corresponding temporal evaluation methods during the temporal perception task. "Panel", "Consumer", "Stimulus": see above. "Time": time (in seconds) of click on the attribute (TDS and TCATA) "Period": period (A for Attack, E for Evolution, F for finish) during which the attribute was retrospectively declared applicable (AEF-RATA). "Attribute": attribute clicked by the participant (acid, basil, bitter, lemon, licorice, mint, salty or sweet) + end of perception ("stop", TDS and TCATA). "Score": for TDS: dominant attributes (always 1), for TCATA: applicable attributes (1: start of applicability, 0: end of applicability), for AEF-RATA: perceived intensity for applicable attributes (1: weak, 2: medium, 3: strong).
Participants A total of 149 consumers (56 men and 93 women, between 21 and 65 years old) participated in this study. They were preselected from a population registered in the ChemoSens Platform's PanelSens database (declared to the relevant authority, Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés -CNIL, authorization number 1,148,039). The inclusion conditions for participating in this study were as follows: being between 18 and 65 years old; not suffering from food or nonfood allergies; not being pregnant or breastfeeding and not following a restrictive diet incompatible with the consumption of sugar or salt. The purpose of the study was explained via an information sheet sent by email. The consumers had to fill out a written informed consent form. They were compensated for their participation (one session) with vouchers worth 10 euros.
Study design Initially, the OMEGAROP-2 clinical trial (NCT04819893) was a single-center prospective cohort study. However, ROP is an uncommon pathology, with an incidence of approximately 20% in preterm newborns under 29 GA. Therefore, our protocol was amended to extend recruitment from 22 to 46 months at the Dijon University Hospital Maternity Department and to make the study a multicenter project with the collaboration of the ophthalmology and gynecology departments of Necker Hospital, Paris, France, to increase the number of participants.
Requests for substantial modi cations should be addressed by the sponsor for approval or noti cation to the Ethical Review Board concerned in compliance with law 2021-300 of 5 March 2012 and its implementing decrees. All the submissions/declarations were made by the Sponsor Department at CHU Dijon, which manages the quality of the data collected. The data collected during the study will be processed electronically in accordance with the requirements of the CNIL, the French Data Protection Authority (in compliance with the French Reference Methodology MR003). As required, the sponsor has provided an insurance policy to cover the nancial consequences of its civil liability following the regulations. The trial results will be published in international ophthalmological, medical, and scienti c journals.
The investigators, who will share the entirety of the nal trial dataset, will follow the rules and guidelines of the International Committee for Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). Per the provisions of Article R5121-13 of the Public Health Code, the investigator and any person called upon to collaborate in the studies are bound by professional secrecy, particularly concerning the nature of the products studied, the studies, the persons involved, and the results obtained subject to the provisions of Article L1123-14 of the Public Health Code. Without the promoter's agreement (Dijon University Hospital), they may not provide information on the study to anyone other than the Health Authorities, including the inspectors, as mentioned in article R5121-13 of the Public Health Code. The study will not be commented on, either orally or in writing, without joint authorization from the coordinating investigator and the sponsor (Dijon University Hospital).
Study Design The ALLONUT trial (ClinicalTrials. gov Identi er: NCT03829072) was a prospective phase II trial conducted at our center to assess the e cacy of a combined approach to treat malnutrition after transplantation. The study enrolled adult patients over 18 years old who underwent an aHSCT at our center between March 2019 and January 2022. All patients received enteral or parenteral nutrition during their hospital stay guided by a weekly dietician evaluation, followed by three cooking classes delivered by a Michelin starred chef. The study was approved by the national ethics committee and respected the declaration of Helsinki. All patients signed a written informed consent. Nutritional management consisted in a rst pre-transplant visit with a dietician specialized in the follow up of hematology patients.