dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Numerical models The governing equations, with their corresponding boundary and initial conditions, were numerically solved with different computer codes that use various numerical methods. BGR/UFZ, ENSI used the finite element method, with the OpenGeosys computer code  (Kolditz et al. 2014). CNSC and JAEA also used the finite element method, with the COMSOL (COMSOL AB 2013) and THAMES codes, respectively. CAS used a self-developed numerical code EPCA 3D , which is a combination of multiple techniques and theories, such as finite element method, cellular automaton, elasto-plastic theory and principle of statistics  (Pan et al. 2009a, b; Pan and Feng 2013). CNWRA used the Finite Difference code FLAC and set up their model for Step 1a with the following conditions: a 2D-axisymmetric model centred on the heater borehole axis of a 8 m radius and a 28 m length; assumed water-saturated conditions; ambient conditions on exterior boundaries; symmetry conditions on the borehole axis; applied heat load and pressure on the heated borehole section; and material parameter values based on previous reports on HE-D modelling.
Temperature In this section, modelled temperature is compared to the measurements from the HE-D experiment. The modelling results are represented by solid (''in the bedding plane'') or dashed (direction perpendicular to the bedding plane) lines,  with the exception of the results of JAEA that are represented with solid symbols. The colour code used for the teams is defined in Table  1. The modelled temperature profiles obtained by the different teams at the end of the second heating stage are presented in Fig. 14. Five measured data points are also shown. Their orientation relative to the bedding plane is indicated. All teams (except CNWRA and JAEA) used the same cross-anisotropic thermal conductivity values. Nevertheless, the comparison of the modelling results of the different teams shows significant differences between them (in the order of *20 °C), especially close to the heaters.
Acknowledgements The members of the Task  B1  like to express their thanks for the financial supports provided by the Funding Organizations of the DECOVALEX-2015 project, and measured data of experiments supplied by  National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (NAGRA) ,  Switzerland. ANDRA  led the HE-D experiment and is gratefully acknowledged for the quality of the measurements provided during this experiment. CAS team's work was financially supported by international cooperation project of  Chinese Academy of Sciences  (No. 115242KYSB20160024 ). National Natural Science Foundation of China  (Nos. 51322906 ,  41272349 ). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. 0 International License (http://crea tivecommons. org/licenses/by/4.
Treatments with dexamethasone The early treatment with dexamethasone at high dose did not significantly modify nociceptive thresholds   sham, saline (7)  sham, ketamine (5) cuff, saline (7)  cuff, ketamine (6)   sham, saline (6) sham, ketamine (5) cuff, saline (6) cuff, ketamine (7)   sham, saline (7) sham, dexamethasone (5) cuff, saline (7)  cuff, dexamethasone (7)   sham, saline (6) sham, dexamethasone (5) cuff, saline (6) cuff, dexamethasone (7) Figure  3. Early and late treatments with ketamine and dexamethasone. The mechanical threshold was evaluated using von Frey hairs, data are represented as mean AE SEM, and n are expressed between brackets. Early ketamine treatment (keta 15 mg/kg i. p. twice a day) progressively relieved neuropathic allodynia, with a relapse of allodynia slowly reappearing over two months (a).
Figure1. Early and late treatment with the antidepressants desipramine, duloxetine, and fluoxetine. The mechanical threshold was evaluated using von Frey hairs, data are represented as mean AE SEM, and n are expressed between brackets. Early 15-day treatments starting 1 h prior to the surgery with desipramine (desip 5 mg/kg i. p. twice a day) (a), duloxetine (dulox 10 mg/kg i. p. twice a day) (c), or fluoxetine (fluox 10 mg/kg i. p. twice a day) (e) had no effect on allodynia. Later treatments, starting 25 days after surgery, with desipramine (b) or duloxetine (d) relieved allodynia, and a relapse was observed after treatment interruption; while the treatment with fluoxetine (f) had no effect on cuff-induced allodynia. PWT: paw withdrawal threshold.
Figure2. Early and late treatments with the anticonvulsants gabapentin and carbamazepine. The mechanical threshold was evaluated using von Frey hairs, data are represented as mean AE SEM, and n are expressed between brackets. Early 10-day treatments with gabapentin (gaba 10 mg/kg s. c. twice a day) (a) or carbamazepine (carba 40 mg/kg s. c. twice a day) (c) did not affect the mechanical thresholds after surgery. After the end of the treatments, a progressive recovery from allodynia was observed for both anticonvulsants. Later treatments, starting 25 days after surgery, with gabapentin (gaba 10 mg/kg s. c. twice a day) (b) or carbamazepine (carba 40 mg/kg s. c. twice a day) (d) relieved allodynia, and a relapse was observed after treatment interruption. PWT: paw withdrawal threshold.
Study population with or without thromboembolic event We included 118 patients presenting with CRC and PC, divided as following: -In Group A (thrombo-embolic event), 19 patients including 10 CRC and 9 PC. In 14 patients, it was a venous thrombo-embolism (deep vein thrombosis n=7, pulmonary embolism n=7). In the last 5 patients, it was an arterial thrombo-embolic event, with cerebral vascular accident (n=4) and thrombosis of the femoral artery (n=1). -In Group B (without thrombo-embolic event), 99 patients including 74 CRC and 25 PC. There was no significant difference between groups regarding to the demographic data and the stage of the cancers (Table  1 ).
Study population We prospectively included all the patients who underwent surgery for CRC and PC in the Digestive Surgical Department of Timone's Hospital (Marseille, France) between 2009 and 2013. All the individuals signed an institutional review board-approved consent form. Agreement reference of UMR-1076 tissue collection was DC-2013-1815. Patients under 18 years of age, without informed consent, undergoing surgery for benign colorectal or pancreatic diseases, i. e, inflammatory bowel diseases or chronic pancreatitis, and those without pathological diagnosis of malignancy were excluded. Collected data were demographic (age, sex), clinical (medical and surgical history, TNM stages of PC and CRC and preoperative chemoradiotherapy), laboratory (hemogram, levels of CEA and CA19-9). The occurrence of a thrombo-embolic event, such as venous (deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) or arterial (cerebral or myocardial infarct) thromboembolism, during the postoperative course or the follow-up, was assessed.
The concentrations are expressed as the number of MPs/ μL of PPP. The samples and associated controls were measured within an hour using a Gallios flow cytometer. The sample analyses were performed with Kaluza software  [24]. We used a standardized flow cytometry protocol, based on fluorescent calibrated beads (0. 1, 0. 3, 0. 5, and 0. 9 μm) called Megamix (BioCytex, Marseille, France). Forward scatter threshold of discriminator value and photomultiplier tube voltage were regularly adjusted, in order to reduce background noise and thus detect with more accuracy the different MPs subpopulations (with size from 0. 2 to 1 μm), as reported by Robert et al  [25].
Depending on the catchments, the selected records include between 1 and 41 years of daily flow values with a median length of 17 years, circumscribed between January 1951 and December 2007. Daily baseflow at each of the 65 gauging stations was calculated using the local minimum, a filtering separation method available in the BFI+ 3. 0 software package  [25, 26]. This method has already been applied locally in the Mekong Basin to assess groundwater recharge over the basaltic plateau of Dak Lak province in Vietnam  [27]. This method is suitable for processing long records of discharge data at many locations because it requires only a single parameter (N) derived from the catchment area, to be determined, and can be easily translated in computer code for fast processing. Baseflow is calculated by connecting the local minimums of total daily streamflow selected in a sliding time interval moved along the flow time series by 1-day increments.
This is convenient for two reasons: (i) given the wide range of baseflow estimations provided by different flow separation algorithms, it is informative to know that our results will be a lower bound; and (ii) risks of overestimating the available water resources with the resultant water stresses are reduced. Daily baseflow at each of the 65 gauging stations was calculated using the local minimum, a filtering separation method available in the BFI+ 3. 0 software package  [25, 26]. This method has already been applied locally in the Mekong Basin to assess groundwater recharge over the basaltic plateau of Dak Lak province in Vietnam  [27]. This method is suitable for processing long records of discharge data at many locations because it requires only a single parameter (N) derived from the catchment area, to be determined, and can be easily translated in computer code for fast processing.
Climate Catchment areal rainfall was computed using "Aphrodite", a 0. 25 • × 0. 25 • grid of daily rainfall covering monsoonal Asia over the period 1951-2007  [36]. Aphrodite is one of the most reliable precipitation datasets to model discharge in the large river basins in Asia  [37]. Several rainfall variables were tested for correlation with Q B estim : annual and monthly rainfall, rainfall cumulated over the n-day (n = 5, 10, and 15) rainiest periods of the hydrological year. Annual median rainfall, exhibiting the greatest correlation coefficient with Q B estim , was included as the only candidate rainfall variable in the regressions (Table  1 ). Median annual values of catchment areal temperature and standard evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) were computed using 0. 5 • × 0. 5 • gridded monthly values from the Climate Research Unit  [38].
ET 0 was calculated with the FAO grass reference evapotranspiration Equation applied to climate variables from the same data source covering the period 1901-2009  [39]. These three climate median values and Q B estim j were derived from the same k j hydrological years in each selected gauged catchment. In addition to ET 0 , median annual values of actual catchment areal evapotranspiration were computed using the land surface evapotranspiration product MODIS 16 available at daily time step with 1 km 2 resolution for the period 2000-2012  [40].
Prediction of Groundwater Recharge The influence statistic Cooks D allowed identifying three outlier catchments in the original dataset: Nam Loei River at Ban Wang Sai station, Thailand; Stung Sangker River at Treng Station, Cambodia, and Krong Kno River at Duc Xuyen Station, Vietnam. Their removal from the regression analyses allowed increasing R 2 pred percentage value by 27 points. A combination of four explanatory variables selected among the 15 variables listed in Table  1  is sufficient to predict Q B estim with the following performances: R 2 pred = 66. 36%, R 2 adj = 70. 30%, and NSEC = 63. 70% (Equation (  5 )). Q B pred = exp 76. 56 •Rain 2. 4284 •ET 0 -4. 1250 •Lat -2. 7869 •Long -11. 006 (5) where Q B pred is the independent variable predicting Q B estim. The dependent variables Rain (medium annual rainfall), ET 0 , Lat (latitude) and Long (longitude) are listed in Equation (  5 ) according to their decreasing explanatory power (T-ratios = 7.
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the  Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)  under the project  LWR/2010/81 : Enhancing the resilience and productivity of rain-fed dominated systems in Lao PDR through sustainable groundwater use. This project also contributed to the  CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). The authors thank the  Mekong River Commission  for the provision of flow data, the land-cover map and the soil data, the project members of APHRODITE's  Water Resources  for the provision of the rainfall database, and  USGS HydroSHEDS  for the provision of the digital elevation model.
Protected squalene was measured by GC/MS. Clinical Evaluation. 51 volunteers, mean age 56 years, living in urban area (Marseille, France) applied the formula twice a day onto the face for 2 months. Sebum on the forehead was collected and high resolution digital photographs were taken on Day 0 (D0), D28 and D56. Squalene monoperoxide was measured by LC/MS method and Vit E by LC/Fluo method. Analysis of the brightness of the skin and wrinkles appearance was carried out with the software FrameScan 3. 3 (OrionTechnoLab™). HIEO is rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds: COMPOUND % PROPERTIES Neryl acetate 32. 8 / γ-curcumene 12. 31 A-Ox Italidiones 1 and 2 10. 34 A-Inf Limonene 4. 83 A-Ox / A-Inf.
high ORAC value showing a good antioxidant activity. This value is similar to that obtained for acai berries (102 700), one of the best food antioxidants (USDA Database for the ORAC of Selected Foods. 2010) Clinical Evaluation in urban area HIEO prevents lipids peroxidation / Conjugated diene method HIEO concentration % HIEO protected liposomes from peroxidation in a dose-effect manner with up to 85,2% protection when used at 0,3%.
The main aim of this work was to assess the actual performance of several site-condition proxies, namely V S30 , slope, f 0 (H/V) and H 800 SCP, by analysing the relative decrease in the ground-motion aleatory variability each of them allow to achieve and by investigating the benefits of considering simultaneously multiple site proxies. In addition, as all the considered ANN models were found to predict a significantly nonlinear site response, a secondary aim has been to investigate to which extent these SCPs allow to capture not only the linear, but also the nonlinear nature of site response, in combination with various loading parameters (PGA on rock, acceleration response spectrum at the period of interest PSA (T), or a site-related strain proxy PGV/V S30. The KiK-net database used here consists of shallow crustal events recorded on sites for which several site proxies are already available: V S30 and H 800 values can be directly derived from downhole measurements of V S profile  (Dawood et al.
2014) , the slope values have been compiled  (Ancheta et al. 2014) , and f 0 values are taken from  Régnier et al. (2013). The KiK-net data offer the unique opportunity to have, for each strong-motion recording, a reliable measurement of the four SCPs, thus allowing a thorough and meaningful comparative assessment of the performance of each of these proxies. The artificial neural network (ANN) approach and a random-effect-like procedure  (Derras et al. 2014 ) have been used for the derivation of GMPEs setting the relationship between various ground-motion parameters [peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV) and 5% damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) from 0. 01 to 4 s] and event/station meta-parameters (moment magnitude M w , Joyner and Boore distance R JB , focal depth and site-condition proxies V S30 , slope, H 800 and f 0 ).
Data set The Kiban-Kyoshin network (KiK-net) is one of the two national strong-motion seismograph networks developed in Japan following the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The KiK-net is a network of strong-motion instruments that consist of about 700 stations with an average spacing of about 20 km distributed throughout the Japanese islands  (Hayashida and Tajima 2007). The KiK-net stations are each equipped with a pair of surface and downhole, sensitive three-component digital accelerometers, allowing an empirical evaluation of the site response at each station. The resulting data set considered here has been compiled by  Dawood et al. (2014 Dawood et al. ( , 2016)). This data set has been downloaded from https://datacenterhub. org/ resources/272. The corresponding data processing is fully described in  Dawood et al.
1  Distribution of the KiK-net data set considered in this study. The three top plots correspond to the magnitude (M w )-distance (R JB ) distribution. For these three plots, the bins with different colours correspond to seven sample-size subsets with increasing PGA values from 0. 001 to 1 g. On the three bottom plots, the distribution of PGA versus distance (R JB ) is shown. In these plots, the distribution is given by bins of Magnitude, M w = [4-8]. On the left we take all data sets, in the middle plots the show data correspond to V S30 < 300 m/s and in the right plots the data are given for V S30 > 800 m/s which were implemented within the MATLAB ® Neural Network Toolbox ™  (Demuth et al. 2009 ). The output layer groups all the considered ground-motion parameters, i. e. the classical geometric mean of the horizontal components of PGA, PGV and 5%-damped PSA at 18 periods from 0.
Performance of SCPs in reducing the aleatory variability In this section, we compare the various models derived for KiK-net data set and analyse how the various SCPs reduce the ground-motion aleatory variability. The variations of τ, φ and σ versus period are displayed in Fig. 5  for all ANN models: without SCPs, one SCP and two SCPs. Figure  5  shows that the between-event variability (τ) is much lower than the within-event variability (φ), which is consistent with the vast majority of previous GMPE models results. The total variability (σ) is found identical at very short period (T < 0. 05 s) whatever the ANN model: none of the SCP is really efficient at high frequency. The various variability components then increase from 0. 05 to about 0. 15 s and then decrease significantly as period is increasing.
0 s (bottom). As shown in Fig. 9 , the site amplification factors (SR: Eq. 3) are calculated for three distances: 30 km, 50 km and 75 km, for which the variation of loading level corresponds to magnitude variations between 5 and 7 (for a fixed focal depth equal to 10 km) derived only for weak motions, and possibly the testing of other, basin-related, site proxies such as H 1100 or H 2500. Another important result (which will also have to be investigated further) is the variability of the nonlinear site response according to the SCP: short-period nonlinearity is observed preferably with short-period proxies (V S30 and slope) and disappears when using H 800. PSA stiff (g) @ 0. 0 s PSA stiff (g) @ 0. 0 s As these results have been obtained on a specificthough large-data set (subset of KiK-net data, thus probably lacking of very soft sites), they should of course be tested for other data sets; the four SCPs are, however, rarely available simultaneously.
Acknowledgements The authors thank  Julie Régnier  and  Héloïse Cadet  for their generous help and which provided us the f 0 of the KiK-net database. We acknowledge the support from the  TASSILI program , the sinaps@ project (http://www. institut-seism. fr/projets/sinaps/). We also thank an anonymous reviewer for their constructive criticism and comments that helped us to improve this study. The authors would like to thank  Haitham Dawood  and  Adrian Rodriguez-Marek  for providing high-quality data.
• The database used in this study provides only the H 800 values. H 2500 and H 1100 values are not available yet in this database. • The ongoing revision of European building codes recommends the use of both V S30 and H 800 for site classification, since the "rock" sites are convention- ally associated with V S30 values exceeding 800 m/s. Results associated with H 800 are then of interest of many colleagues.
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis The molecular weight of CrTK was evaluated by LC-ESI-MS analysis. The chromatographic analysis was performed on an Agilent 1200 HPLC system (Walbronn, Germany) using a monolithic CIMac The CrTK baseline-subtracted spectrum (m/z 1,300-2,000) was deconvoluted onto a true mass scale using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt1)-based software supplied with MassLynx 4. 1 software. Output parameters were set as follows: mass range 20,000-100,000 Da; resolution 2 Da/channel. The uniform Gaussian model was used, with 0. 5 Da width at half height.
Circular dichroism spectroscopy The CD analysis on CrTK samples was performed on a Jasco J-810 spectropolarimeter equipped with a PTC-423S Peltier-type temperature control system; measurements were carried out in a Hellma 115B-QS micro cell (1 cm pathlength, 400 µL volume) using a 2 sec data integration time, a 2 nm spectral bandwidth and an accumulation cycle of 3 spectra per measurement. CrTKapo sample (6. The kinetics of TPP binding to CrTK was evaluated on a CrTKTPP/Mg sample (17. 8 µM) prepared in 5 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7. 9) supplemented with 220 µM TPP and 2. 5 mM MgCl2. The sample was analyzed at 25 °C in the 400-300 nm spectral range using a 50 nm min -1 scanning speed; measurements were performed at different times after TPP addition over a 20 h period. The effect of Mg 2+ depletion on TPP binding to CrTKTPP/Mg was then evaluated by adding an excess of Na2EDTA (8 mM); the measurement was carried out after 2 h incubation at 25 °C.
Structure solution and refinement The CrTKTPP/Mg structure was solved by molecular replacement using the program MOLREP from CCP4 package  [30]. The coordinates of TK from Zea mays (PDB code 1ITZ)  [9] , deprived of TPP, Mg 2+ and water molecules, were used as search probe. Initial stages of the refinements were performed with CNS1. 3  [31]  selecting 5 % of reflections for Rfree. The residual electron density map clearly showed the position of TPP and Mg 2+ , which were added to the model. Water molecules were automatically added and, after a visual inspection, they were conserved in the model only if contoured at 1. 0 σ on the (2Fo -Fc) map and if they fell into an appropriate hydrogen bonding environment. In the final stages of the refinement performed with REFMAC 5. 5. 0109 [32] , alternate conformations, if visible, were inserted.
The structure of CrTKTPP/Mg without TPP, Mg 2+ and waters, was used as probe to solve the CrTKapo structure by molecular replacement using MOLREP  [30]. The refinement was performed as described above for CrTKTPP/Mg. The refinement statistics are reported in Table  1. The manual rebuilding was performed with Coot  [33] ; protein superimpositions were performed by LSQKAB from CCP4 package  [30].
Comparison of CrTK with other TK structures The three-dimensional structure of TK from Zea mays (PDB code 1ITZ)  [9]  is the unique TK structure from a photosynthetic organism present in PDB. CrTK shares with this protein a sequence identity of about 65%. Superimposition of Cα atoms based on secondary structure matching, results in a root mean square deviations (rmsd) of 0. 9 Å on 1320 aligned residues (whole dimer) and 0. 8 Å on 663 aligned residues (single monomer) indicating that the TK structure is highly conserved between the two organisms. While the internal β-sheets of N-terminal and middle domains are well superimposed, some deviations can be observed in correspondence to the solvent exposed helices α12 and α13 and the C-terminal domain (Fig. S5A ). Moreover, the N-terminal and the middle domains of the two structures superimpose with rms deviations of 0.
6 Å (on 322 aligned residues) and 0. 7 Å (on 209 aligned residues), respectively, while the C-terminal domain does with a slightly higher rmsd (0. 9 Å on 132 aligned residues). In the case of the yeast enzyme (PDB code 1TRK)  [6] , the sequence identity with CrTK is about 53%. The rmsd from the superimposition of Cα atoms based on secondary structure matching increases to 1. 2 Å on 1295 aligned residues (whole dimer) and 1. 1 Å on 651 aligned residues (single monomer) with respect to the previous comparison. Differences are mainly observed in the correspondence to some exposed regions of the N-terminal domain, in particular in the region comprising helices α10, α11, α12 and α13 (Fig. S5B ). In this case, the superimposition of N-and C-terminal domains gives higher deviations (1. 1 Å on 313 aligned residues and 1.