dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
FR and MP acknowledge financial support from " Francisco Jose de Caldas" Scholarship program  of  COLCIENCIAS (Colombia)  and  Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona  through pre-doctoral fellowships respectively. UU received a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from  ISCIII. AV received an  ICREA ACA-DEMIA  award. Strain KPM335 was kindly provided by  Research Corporation Technologies, Tucson, AZ.
Data retrieval We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer treated at Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Lebanon from 1997 through 2007. These patients were identified using the results of their postoperative pathology specimens. A total of 197 cases were included. Of the 197 sample, 17(9%) patients were identified having invasion of at least one adjacent structure. The 17 patients were divided initially into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of papillary carcinoma (as per postoperative pathology results): group A consisted of 12 patients with papillary carcinoma and group B consisted of the remaining 5 patients with nonpapillary carcinomas. Then these 17 patients were divided again into 3 groups according to the type of surgery performed: Group 1: patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or tumor ablation with no « shaving » or extensive resection.
Currently, this species is only documented in Myanmar from the northwest area of Kachin State with one collection near Shin Bway Yang(Murata, J. et al. 20050595)and another in Myitkyina Township(Kress,. These sites are c. 180 km apart and both have an evergreen forest ecology. The type of the species (Tong, S. Q. & Liao, W. D. 24852) was collected c. 250 km from the Murata collection to the southeast in Yunnan Province on the China/Myanmar border in similar forest, as was an earlier specimen in 1974 (Tao, G. D. 13163). More recently (c. 1999) a living collection was made near Yingjiang, Yunnan, c. 30 km east of the type locality. It was planted at Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden (XTBG), Yunnan, but with no accession number.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The authors thank  Dr Nyi Nyi Kyaw , Director General,  Forest Department , and  Dr Taung Naing Oo , Director of  Forest Research Institute, Forest Department, Myanmar  for their arrangement of our field trips;  W. J. Kress  and  M. Bordelon  for assistance (US); and  T. Ohi-Toma  for his arrangement of the samples. This study was partially supported by  JSPS KAKENHI  Grant  Numbers 13375003  (to J. Murata),  23770101  and  15K07207  (to N. Tanaka).
Currently, this species is only documented in Myanmar from the northwest area of Kachin State with one collection near Shin Bway Yang(Murata, J. et al. 20050595)and another in Myitkyina Township(Kress,. These sites are c. 180 km apart and both have an evergreen forest ecology. The type of the species (Tong, S. Q. & Liao, W. D. 24852) was collected c. 250 km from the Murata collection to the southeast in Yunnan Province on the China/Myanmar border in similar forest, as was an earlier specimen in 1974 (Tao, G. D. 13163). More recently (c. 1999) a living collection was made near Yingjiang, Yunnan, c. 30 km east of the type locality. It was planted at Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden (XTBG), Yunnan, but with no accession number. Mood; D, L. E. Brothers, Dept. of Botany, © Smithsonian Institution) MYANMAR.
Chen et al. (2014) Examined the effects of virtual gaming on upper extremity function in children with CP 14 studies (n = 122) 3 RCTs, 2 cohort studies, 7 case studies and 2 single-subject design studies. For 3 RCTs, no difference was found between VR therapy and conventional therapy. Overall upper extremity function was significantly improved after VR therapy. Strongest effects of VR was shown in younger children, custom-built systems in the home or laboratory setting. The use of VR may be highly applicable in a pediatric population. Small sample size and the lack of large RCT is a limiting factor in interpreting the results. PEDro, physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro); RCT, Randomized controlled trials; PD, parkinson's disease; CP, cerebral palsy; VR, virtual reality. Despite the potential utility of commercial VR game consoles for stroke neurorehabilitation, a number of limitations have been highlighted  (Bower et al.
Patients The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of our institution (CPP Sud Mediterranée 1) and the study was carried out by the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). The procedures have been conducted with the adequate understanding and written consent of the subjects  (  The data on ME/CFS patients were compared to those obtained in an age-matched control group of 11 healthy volunteers (age: 48 ± 5 years; weight: 71 ± 4 kg; 6 females; same socio-economic class). They consulted for a medical check-up and the medical practitioner did not report any symptoms of ME/CFS during the interview. The healthy volunteers underwent a systematic medical examination, including medical history, physical examination, and laboratory testing, which revealed no abnormalities.
To evaluate the accuracy of error-tolerant GM methods, graph-level information is required at matching level (i. e. , matching quality and similarity deviation) and not only at class level. In this thesis, a performance evaluation tool for GED methods is proposed. This contribution consists of two parts: First, we propose a graph database repository, called GDR4GED, dedicated to scalability. GDR4GED is annotated with graph-level information like graph edit distances and their matching correspondences for some representative graph databases  [10, 1]. Since we are interested in testing the scalability of GM methods, we divide the selected datasets into subsets; each of which represents graphs that have the same number of vertices. Second, new metrics have been put forward to characterize GED methods by evaluating the matching correspondences as well as the distance between each pair of graphs.
Because of the high complexity of GED methods, we propose evaluating them under time and memory constraints. The aim of this contribution is to make GED methods better comparable against each other and to provide information about their applicability on realworld problems. For that reason, we highly encourage the community not only to use the information provided in GDR4GED, but also to integrate their algorithms' answers when obtaining more accurate results. To evaluate ADF, PDFS and D-DF, we compared them to both exact and approximate GED approaches, using the datasets proposed in GDR4GED under soft and hard time constraints. Soft constraints are devoted to accuracy tests while hard constraints are devoted to speed tests. Results showed that under soft time constraints PDFS and D-DF had the minimum deviation and matching dissimilarity.
Both of them explored more nodes than ADF in parallel and distributed fashions and thus helped in speeding up the exploration of the search tree. As for the tests under hard time constraints, PDFS was among the slowest algorithms, however, it was always the most precise one. In the experiments of anytime GED, we focused on both the deviation when varying the timeout and the minimal time needed by the algorithm to get a first solution on different graph datasets. Results showed that there is a trade-off between time and quality. Even if the fast bipartite GM  [13]  and the bipartite GM  [8]  were faster when graphs were sparser; ADF was faster when graphs were denser. It is remarkable that anytime algorithms are also effective when we accept some additional time that grantees better solutions to be found.
The 131 CC61 isolates selected from Portugal and France were analyzed and compared with 25 CC61 genomes available on the NCBI database (Supporting Information Fig. S1 ). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all CC61 isolates from Portugal collected since 2002 correspond to one monophyletic clade (Supporting Information Fig. S1 ). Strikingly, this reveals that the entire CC61 population of GBS infecting dairy farms in Portugal resulted from the recent dissemination of a single clone. Likewise, whole-genome comparison of the 19 ST2 representative isolates, with 19 publicly available genomes, demonstrated a tight clustering of isolates from Portugal and the north of Spain (Supporting Information Fig. S2 ), with an average of only 20 SNPs relative to their most recent common ancestor (MRCA).
Sequencing, genome assembly and annotation A total of 234 GBS isolates collected from Portugal, Spain and France were analyzed in this study (Supporting Information Table  S1 ). The CRISPR1 locus of all GBS isolates was sequenced and analyzed as previously described  (Lopez-Sanchez et al. , 2012). One hundred and fifty GBS isolates (131 from CC61 and 19 from ST2) were then chosen for wholegenome sequencing, based on the diversity of CRISPR spacer profiles identified, as well as on their temporal and geographical distribution (Supporting Information Tables  S1  and S2 ). Genomes were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform with single-or paired-end read runs of 101 bp. Reads were filtered for quality and genome sequences were assembled using the Velvet software  (Zerbino and Birney, 2008)  with an optimized k-mer length, a minimum coverage of 10 and a contig length of at least 200 bp.
Strain SA111 was additionally selected for single molecule real-time sequencing (PacBio RS II system). PacBio subreads were assembled with both PBcR  (Berlin et al. , 2015)  and the RS_HGAP_Assembly. 3 protocol from the SMRT analysis toolkit v2. 3. A finished assembly was achieved by complementing the predictions obtained by both tools. Consensus accuracy was further polished using Quiver  (Chin et al. , 2013)  and any remaining indels within homopolymer regions were manually corrected with the corresponding Illumina reads. Assembled genomes were annotated with Prokka  (Seemann, 2014)  and global pan-genome analyses were carried out using Roary  (Page et al. , 2015). Sequencing reads and corresponding genome assemblies have been deposited in the EMBL nucleotide sequence database (http://www.
Phylogeny of the CC61 isolates from Portugal (Fig. 2 ) was inferred from the polymorphic positions detected in the variant calling workflows. Recombinant sites were removed following identification with Gubbins  (Croucher et al. , 2015). Variants present in the accessory genome of these strains, determined using the filter_BSR_variome. py script from the Large Scale BLAST score ratio (LS-BSR) pipeline  (Sahl et al. , 2014) , were also not considered. Maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenies were inferred with RAxML  (Stamatakis, 2014) , using a General Time-Reversible (GTR) substitution model with a gamma-distributed rate across sites combined with an ascertainment bias to take into account the sole use of variable positions in the alignment. ML trees were bootstrapped with 1000 replicates. To investigate the temporal evolution of the GBS isolates included in this study, the Bayesian phylogenetic software BEAST v1.
The constant size tree model and the uncorrelated exponential relaxed clock model were preferred. Final phylogenetic analysis was run for 100 million MCMC generations with 10% burn-in using the above parameters. Final run presented good mixing and convergence with effective sample size (ESS) values above 200 for all parameters. The presence of temporal structure was further validated by comparison with 10 simulated datasets with randomized sampling dates, as previously described  (Firth et al. , 2010).
Acknowledgements This work was supported by  ANR - LabEx  project  IBEID. Partial support was also obtained through  UCIBIO  ( UID/Multi/04378/ 2013  and  POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728 ) and Project  PTDC/ CVT-EPI/6685/2014. Sequencing was performed at the  Pasteur Genopole , a member of France G enomique ( ANR10-IBNS-09-08 ). A. A. is a scholar in the  Pasteur -Paris University (PPU) International PhD program  and received a stipend from the  ANR-LabEx IBEID. Authors would like to thank  Laurence Ma  for her help in performing the Illumina sequencing. They also thank  SEGALAB , the  Laboratorio de Sanidade e Produci on Animal de Galicia, Xunta de Galicia  and  Sophie Payot  for providing isolates used in this study. Authors also thank  Isabelle Rosinski-Chupin ,  Pierre-Emmanuel Douarre ,  Niza Ribeiro ,  Bruno Gonzalez-Zorn  and  Helena Madeira  for fruitful discussions.
Interactive comment Printer-friendly version Discussion paper most of the time very noisy in Cap Es Pinar, most probably because of a sampling line instrumental issue, and thus did not systematically allow for J10 calculation. This is now clearly stated in Section 3. 2, and the fact that the comparison might be done carefully with J10 is now also explicitly mentioned, both in Section 3. 2 and 4. 1. 2: "While formation rates (J) are usually calculated for 10 nm particles (J10), sampling line issues causing high variability of the sub-16 nm concentrations in Cap Es Pinar (see Fig. 7 ) only allowed for calculations involving larger diameter particle concentrations (J16). In order to ease the comparison between Ersa and Cap Es Pinar, a similar size range was applied for J calculation from the Ersa dataset.
Acknowledgments This work is partly supported by the  French Ministry of Higher Education and Research , the  Nord Pas-de-Calais Regional Council  and " Fonds Européen de Développement Économique Régional " through the  Labex CEMPI  ( ANR-11-LABX-0007 ) and  Equipex FLUX  ( ANR-11-EQPX-0017 ). We thank  Remi Habert  for technical assistance.
Residuals of the calibration process were used to estimate the covariance matrix of the 6D transformation between scanner laser and the vehicle system. Knowing the variances of all sources of uncertainties, we applied uncertainty propagation technique to compute the variance-covariance matrix of every obtained 3D point. Such an uncertainty analysis enables to estimate the impact of different laser scanners and georeferencing devices on the quality of obtained 3D points. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets.
, 2008). These uncertainties are evaluated by the constructors. This paper is organized as follows: Section 1 presents briefly the principles of geo-referencing of 3D point. Section 2 describes a complete pipeline that takes into account all the sources of uncertainties and allows to compute a covariance matrix per 3D point. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets. In this work, the mobile data that we used was produced by the terrestrial mobile mapping vehicle Stereopolis II  (Paparoditis et al. , 2012)  developped at National Geographic Institute (IGN). The laser sensor is a RIEGL VQ-250 that was mounted transversally in order to scan a plane orthogonal to the trajectory. It rotates at 100 Hz and emits 3000 pulses per rotation, which corresponds to an angular resolution around 0.
Statistical analysis involved use of SAS 9. 2 (SAS Inst. Inc. , Cary, NC). Continuous variables were compared by Student t test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test and categorical variables by chi-square test or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. We tested for a differential association between anti-PPL IgG and severity or atopy with an interaction term in a multivariate logistic regression analysis explaining asthma severity. We did not adjust for multiple comparisons as it is not required in exploratory analysis  [7]. Anti-PPL IgG Abs were detected in 47/260 patients (18 %) and in no control subjects. The characteristics of anti-PPL IgG-positive and -negative patients are in Table  1. The proportion of patients with anti-PPL IgG was similar in mild-to-moderate asthma (19. Moreover, anti-PPL IgG-positive and -negative patients only differ for the mean daily inhaled corticosteroids dose, which was lower in the positive group.
537 records from the MUSIC study were separated according to their cause of death and comparisons against the others (including survivors) were carried out. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal separating thresholds for MCO and MCS that maximized the sum of sensitivity and specificity for PFD risk prediction. The results showed that no significant differences could be established and the proposed parameters do not seem to be related to any kind of cardiac death. In future, other forms of PEST quantification together with more databases can be used to definitely conclude that PEST has no predictive power.
T wave detection The T wave was detected using the stationary wavelet transform (SWT)  [6]. The detection algorithm starts with the cancellation of the QRS complex (already given in the database) and P wave in the filtered ECG. The resulting signal is decomposed using the reverse biorthogonal 3. 3 wavelet up to level 4. The largest detail coefficient of the transformed signal that is detected after the QRS complex is set as T wave maximum. This procedure is performed in each of the ECG leads. Synchronization of detected waves among the three channels is also carried out. This facilitates the correction of wrong detected T waves.
, -2] ∪ n = [3,. , 15]) are required to have a high lop(n) value of at least 0. 96. If any of the mentioned T waves does not fulfill this criterion, the whole series is discarded. Finally, the median l operator series among all VEB fulfilling the requirements is used for the actual quantification of PEST. Two parameters, MCO and MCS, were defined to measure PEST as follows: M CO = lop(1) - 1 4 -2 n=-5 lop(n) • 1000 [ ] M CS = lop(2) -lop(1) RR(2) • 1000 [ /s] MCO describes an initial morphological change of the T wave after the VEB, while MCS is responsible for the description of the restitution to its original morphology. An example of how the quantification of PEST is carried out for a patient in the MUSIC database can be seen in figure  1. A preliminary formulation of the quantification algorithm was presented in  [1].
Conclusion and Outlook In this paper, we showed that the proposed PEST parameters, MCS and MCO, do not seem to be related to any kind of cardiac death. Furthermore, the division of the PEST parameter into subgroups did not show predicting power for PFD either. In order to definitely prove that PEST cannot be used for risk assessment, other parameters such as T wave amplitude, width or symmetry can be utilized to design a more elaborated quantification of PEST. In addition, other databases with higher signal quality would lead to a cleaner estimation of PEST parameter and should be considered also.
The cross sections for the processes gg → H → W W, ZZ, hh and gg → A → hZ are shown in the right panel of Fig. 10   Figure  10 : Left panel: Subdominant processes for the single production of the CP-even H boson in the q q → HW, HZ and qq → qqH channels, and for the pair production of two Higgs bosons in the channels q q + gg → hA, gg → Hh, assuming cos 2 (β -α) = 10 -2. Right panel: The rates for Φ production in gg fusion followed by decays into the Zh and W W, ZZ, hh final states. The production rates are again functions of √ s from 7 to 100 TeV with M Φ = 750 GeV, M h = 125 GeV and tan β = 1, assuming the couplings found in the hMSSM (2HDM of Type II). the hMSSM (2HDM of Type II). The decay rates have been evaluated using the program HDECAY  [50] , which includes the relevant higher-order effects.
Acknowledgements Discussions with and help from our collaborators S. A. R. Ellis,  V. Sanz ,  R. Singh  and  T. You , and comments from  H. Ito  and  M. McCullough  are gratefully acknowledged. The work of AD is supported by the  ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Higgs@LHC , and he thanks the  CERN Theory Department  for its hospitality. The work of JE was supported partly by the  London Centre for Terauniverse Studies (LCTS) , using funding from the  European Research Council  via the Advanced Investigator Grant  26732 , and partly by the  STFC  Grant  ST/L000326/1. The work of JQ was supported by the  STFC  Grant  ST/L000326/1. The work of R. M. G. is supported by the  Department of Science and Technology, India  under Grant No. SR/S2/JCB-64/2007  under the J. C. Bose Fellowship scheme and the  Indo-French LIA-IFTHEP.
The reporter plasmid was transfected in MV4-11 cells and luciferase activity was measured twenty-four hours post transfection, in the presence or absence of FLT3 kinase inhibitor. The inhibition of FLT3 resulted in 60% reduction of luciferase activity. Overall, our data indicate that FLT3-ITD increases the level of CDK6 expression at the transcriptional level.
To address this point, we evaluated the status of HCK major autophosphorylation site in the presence or absence of a FLT3 kinase inhibitor. HCK was indeed phosphorylated on its activation site and this phosphorylation correlated with FLT3 kinase activity (Figure  6C ). In conclusion, these data indicate that HCK is activated downstream of FLT3-ITD, upregulates CDK6 expression and is required for cell proliferation in FLT3-ITD AML cells.
AcKnoWledgMents We thank Guy Mouchiroud for the gift of plasmids and, Katia Hanssens, Julie Agopian, Gregory Fenaux, Sébastien Letard and Florence Bardin for their contribution in the study. We are grateful for the support of the CRCM Animal and Flow Cytometry facilities and, for the contribution of the IPC/CRCM Tumor Bank.
These analyses demonstrated that macitentan 10 mg reduced the risk of PAH-related hospitalisation in patients on background therapy by 37. 4 (0. 406-0. 964)%  [30]. To investigate the effect of macitentan in newly diagnosed patients with PAH, a post hoc analysis was performed in incident patients, including those on background therapy  [31]. In these patients, macitentan 10 mg significantly reduced the risk of morbidity/mortality by 57% ( p=0. 001)  [31]. The published data from SERAPHIN report a similar percentage of patients discontinuing treatment due to adverse events in the macitentan and placebo groups  [8] , demonstrating the safety of macitentan administration both as monotherapy and as part of a combination therapy regimen. Subsequently, the safety and tolerability of macitentan in a real-world setting has been evaluated in the OPsumit USers registry (OPUS).
Similar to SERAPHIN, approximately two-thirds of patients enrolled in the OPUS registry were receiving background PAH therapy. The safety profile of macitentan as a monotherapy and in combination with other PAH-specific therapies in the OPUS registry was consistent with that observed in the clinical study setting, and revealed no unexpected safety findings  [32, 33]. Data are presented as n or n (%), unless otherwise stated. Patients were randomised as follows: BREATHE-2 (2:1 bosentan:placebo); AMBITION (2:1:1 ambrisentan/tadalafil combination: ambrisentan monotherapy:tadalafil monotherapy); SERAPHIN (1:1:1 macitentan 10 mg:macitentan 3 mg:placebo); PHIRST (1:1:1:1:1/placebo:tadalafil 2. 5 mg:10 mg:20 mg:40 mg); PATENT-1 (2:4:1 placebo:riociguat 2. 5 mg max:1. 5 mg max). For all other studies the patients were randomised 1:1 between treatment arms.
Possible reasons include that COMPASS-2 was designed to detect a large treatment effect of >40%; the number of morbidity/ mortality events that occurred in the study was potentially too few to detect a smaller, but possibly meaningful, effect  [25]. Furthermore, there was a sizeable amount of missing data for the primary end-point as a result of patients prematurely discontinuing the study prior to experiencing a primary end-point event  [25]. Given the limitations, the authors of the COMPASS-2 publication concluded that the results of the study must be interpreted with caution  [25]. Sequential combination therapy with an ERA and PDE-5i has also been assessed in the real-world setting. In a single-centre retrospective analysis of 192 PAH patients who displayed an inadequate response to monotherapy with bosentan or sildenafil, the effect of adding sildenafil or bosentan was investigated  [34].