dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
357, ρ = 0. 053). Analyses performed on the numerical and the mass proportion datasets reveal that the disparity in diet differs between species and sexes (Figure  2 ). Indeed, the disparity is greater in P. melisellensis than in P. sicula (p <. 001), and greater in males than in females (p <. 001). This difference remains statistically significant, even after a Bonferroni correction, and when each sex of each species is considered separately (p <. 001) with males of P. sicula having lower disparity than females of P. melisellensis (Table  4 ). Moreover, the difference in diet disparity between sexes (SD disp ) in P. melisellensis is greater than in P. sicula (p <. 001). Our results also show a great variability among islands (Figure  3 ). The lizards with the lowest disparity in diet are those from Kopište, Sušac, Veli Barjak and Korčula, whereas Mala Palagruža, Veli Budikovac, Grebeni and Ravnik have the highest disparity.
F 77,1,148 = 2. 29, p <. 001; P. sicula: females: F 49,585 = 1. 98, p <. 001, males: F 49,742 = 2. 81, p <. 001). If we consider the variation in diet by sex and species separately, variables that globally appear to drive the differences among islands are the proportion of plants, the proportion of soft and medium hard prey and the proportion of evasive prey. The dietary proportions of hard prey do not discriminate islands, except in males of P. melisellensis (F 11,164 = 2. 02, p =. 029). 7,527 = 17. 44, p <. 001). Although males and females did not differ regarding this dataset (P. melisellensis: F 1,320 = 1. 47, p =. 176; P. sicula: F 1,205 = 0. 84, p =. 551), the results of the three-way MANOVA justify to carrying out further analyses by sex. For both species, strong differences are detected between islands (P.
Radical cystectomy (RC) with bilateralpelvic lymph node dissection is standard treatment for muscle invasive and high risk non-muscle-invasive disease (2). Reported RC 90-day mortality rates are between 1. 7% -9% (3-5) with perioperative morbidity of 70% (6). Frailty has been shown to be anindependent risk factor for adverse outcomes in several surgical populations, but it is not yet routinely assessed in the RC population. Objectives: To describe frailty tools are used preoperatively in patients undergoing RC. To describe is the prevalence of frailty in patients undergoing RC. To examine the association between frailty and adverse postoperative outcomes in patients following radical cystectomy. Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases search using a predetermined strategy. (PROSPERO -CRD42019145874).
Results: 163 articles reviewed for eligibility and 9 studies included for analysis. 1 study described frailty using a validated frailty tool, 8others measured frailty using non-validated tools based on large national databases (a count of the number of comorbidities,and a single question regarding functional dependency). The study using validated frailty tool showed 5. 5% prevalence of frailty, and strong association between frailty and adverse postoperative outcome(7) (higher grade (Clavien-Dindo 3+) 30 and 90-day complications). The other studies did show a relationship between the result of nonvalidated tool and greater healthcare resource utilisation,but discriminative ability to predict adverse outcomes was poor and did not add predictive value to routinely used tools such asAmerican Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA).
databases for English language citations published since 2001 that included adults aged 65y and older with frailty and/or pre-frailty. Nutrition or PA interventions with a comparison group were considered eligible. Acceptable study designs included RCTs, quasi-experimental trials, and observational cohorts with a comparison group. In a face-to-face meeting with multidisciplinary content experts, healthcare professionals, and end-users we will further appraise the quality and strength of the evidence using the GRADE approach. This group will use this evidence to form recommendations related to nutrition and PA in this population. Results: The nutrition and PA searches resulted in 3158 and 4709 citations, with 119 and 283 eligible for full-text review, respectively. The results will inform guideline recommendations.
In addition, using big data combined with preexisting database of new-onset regarding care needs and/or all-cause mortality, we found the new cut-off point in our frailty check-up activity. Conclusion: We could confirm that our interdisciplinary "ACTION-RESEARCH" can raise the citizen's early awareness and affect their behavior modification via elderly citizen supporter system for frailty prevention, consequently leading to extend healthy life expectancy. Background: Physical phenotype of frailty has been associated with quality of life deterioration and some studies have calculated cost-effectiveness of interventions on frailty in Quality-Adjusted Life years (QALYs), however studies on the direct burden of frailty expressed in QUALYs lost in community dwelling older adults are scarce. Objectives: To forecast QALYs lost caused by frailty in older Chileans and describe health profiles as determined by EuroQoL (EQ-5D) in community-dwelling older Chileans with and without frailty.
Methods: Population-based, cross-sectional cohort study in Japanese older adults was conducted and participants were identified from the database of the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Anorexia of aging was assessed via a simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire. Handgrip strength and walking speed were tested, and skeletal muscle mass was assessed using a bio-impedance analysis device. Subjects with sarcopenia were defined as those who met the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The association between anorexia of aging and sarcopenia was then analyzed via multiple regression analysis. Results: In total, 9,496 elderly Japanese individuals were evaluated. The prevalence of sarcopenia and anorexia of aging was 4. 0% and 9. 8%, respectively.
Objectives: Identify the relationship between physical frailty and undernutrition in older adults undergoing elective abdominopelvic surgery in a general Hospital in Lima-Perú. Methods: This is a secondary database study from the original "Physical frailty and adverse events in older adults undergoing elective pelvic abdominal surgery in a general hospital, Lima-Perú", it was realized between August 2017 and March 2019, using validated face to face questionnaires. Physical frailty was determined with Fried criteria, Undernutrition by Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA). In adition, they also evaluated functional status and cognition. Univariate models were performed, and logistic regression was done subsequently. Results: 171 older adult met inclusion´s criteria, the mean age was 68. 7(+6. 8) years old, 50,0% (86) were female, 29,7% (51) had hypertension, 12,2% (21) were diabetic, the mean number of comorbidities were 2.
P106-MACHINE-LEARNING MULTIMORBIDITY F R A I L T Y I N D E X : C O M P A R I S O N S B E T W E E N H Y P O T H E S I S -A N D D A T A -D R I V E N A P P R O A C H E S U S I N G T A I W A N ' S NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE RESEARCH DATABASE. Li-Ning Peng 1,2,3 , Fei-Yuan Hsiao 4,5,6 , Wei-Ju Lee 1,2,7 , Shih-Tsung Huang 4 , Liang-Kung Chen 1,2,3 ((  1  Background: The theory of cumulative deficits using big data to develop the multimorbidity frailty index (mFI) has become a widely accepted approach in public health and healthcare services. However, constructing the mFI using the most critical determinants and stratifying different risk groups with dose-response relationships remain major challenges in clinical practice. Objectives: This study aimed to develop the mFI by using machine-learning methods that select variables based on the optimal fitness of the model and to further establish four entities of risk using a machine-learning approach as well as to ensure the dose-response relationship and the best distinction between groups.
Methods: In this study, we used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to develop a machine-learning multimorbidity frailty index (ML-mFI) using the theory of cumulative diseases/deficits of an individual older person. Compared to the conventional mFI, in which the selection of diseases/deficits is based on expert opinion, we adopted the random forest method to select the most influential diseases/deficits that predict adverse outcomes for older people. To ensure that the survival curves showed a dose-response relationship with overlap during the follow-up, we developed the distance index and coverage index at any time point to classify the ML-mFI of all subjects into the categories of fit, mild frailty, moderate frailty and severe frailty. Survival analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of the ML-mFI to predict adverse outcomes, such as unplanned hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality.
This could provide a more complete representation of the home needed by inpatient rehabilitation OTs. Objectives: To target MapIt's clinical applications for inpatient rehabilitation of the frail elderly. Methods: Multiple case study where MapIt was introduced in three inpatient geriatric rehabilitation units over 40 days. Five OTs maintained a logbook and participated in four individual semi-structured interviews. A deductive thematic analysis of the logbooks and interview transcripts was corroborated by two additional OTs. Results: MapIt is useful for OTs in rehabilitation settings by allowing them to 1) See it: See the home environment, 2) Measure it: Take measurements of desired environmental elements, 3) Document it: Have a copy of the environment on hand, 4) Communicate it : Facilitate exchanges with the client and with colleagues.
Methods: We enrolled 534 patients with hip fracture, aged 75 years or older in an Orthogeriatric Unit between December 2013 and November 2014. Underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment that evaluates comorbidities, medication use, ability to perform basic activities of daily living, place of residence, anesthesia risk as measured by the ASA score, type of fracture, type of surgery and anesthesia and in-hospital mortality. SPSS®, v. 22. 0. Results: The mean age was 86. 1±7. 3 years (75-105 years). 75. 4 % female. 55% pertrochanteric fractures. (93%) underwent surgery. Only 11. 6% received general anesthesia. 64% walked independently, 69% had Barthel >60, 132 (25%) had a previous diagnosis of dementia, and 26% live in nursing home prior to fracture. We found a previous diagnosis of osteoporosis in 58 patients (10.
Secondly, we provided an overview of data on omega-3 supplementation and sarcopenia defining parameters. Methods: A literature search was conducted in November 2018, using electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed and EMBASE). The reference lists of all full texts retrieved during the search process or as identified in already published (systematic) reviews were scanned. Results were published in a narrative review  (Dupont J. et al. 2019  Aging Clin Exp Res. ) Results: Seven observational studies described the associations between omega-3 intake and sarcopenia defining parameters. Four interventional studies looked at the effect of omega-3 supplementation alone and suggested an improved muscle protein synthesis, improved gait speed and increased muscle strength and physical performance. Three studies combining exercise with omega-3 supplementation suggested an enhancing effect of the supplement on the exercise-induced gains in muscle mass and strength.
Frailty was defined by using Fried's phenotype model. The FRAIL scale was used to classify level of frailty and the Mini-nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to evaluate the nutritional status, in addition to anthropometric parameters. Association between nutritional status (at risk or malnourished vs normal) and frailty status was examined using ordinal regression in a hierarchical fashion for adjusting participant socio-demographics, health status, lifestyle characteristics, eating behaviours and dietary habits. All the statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 25. 0. All statistical tests were two-sided with level of significance set at 0. 05. Results: A total of 610 Chinese older adults participated in the study. The prevalence of robust, pre-frail and frail were 30. 9%, 48. 1% and 20.
The loads corresponded to 80% of 1RM for 8-10 repetitions with three series and 2 to 3 minutes intervals at each stage of the training. We used the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program to perform descriptive statistics. Results: The mean Glycemia was 107 (mg / dL), the 3 glycated hemoglobin analyzes showed 5. 5; low risk of diabetes. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure presented a mean of 113. 95 ± 6. 99 mmHg, and 78. 32 ± 3. 51 mmHg, respectively. We observed a gradual gain every 2 months of resistance training. The SPPB score changed from 3 to 4 points; performance between intermediate to high. Conclusion: Dietary re-education associated with a well-designed strength training program can result in the reduction of diabetes and hypertension, as well as strengthening the muscular system of the elderly.
Background: Diet can be an important non-pharmacological aspect in order to prevent and/or attenuate brain and frailty outcomes in older adfults. Objectives: To investigate, by a systematic review, studies associating the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with brain and frailty outcomes in older adults. Methods: We searched the publications in PUBMED and LILACS databases up to June 2019. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated based on PI(E)COS strategy (Population= Older adults, >= 60 years; Intervention/ Exposition= Dietary Inflammatory Index; Comparison= Not applied; Outcomes= Brain and muscle outcomes; Study type= Randomized clinical trials, cohorts, cross-sectional, casecontrol studies). Results: Searches resulted in 206 publications, and after exclusion due to duplicity (n=26) and not compliance with exclusion and inclusion criteria (n=172), eight studies were selected.
Objectives: to estimate the association between demographic factors, comorbidities and muscle mass index over time until functional disability or death appears in non-obese elderly individuals. Methods: longitudinal study of 335 elderly individuals aged 65 years or over, non-obese and absence of functional disability at the beginning of the cohort on the EPIDOSO project database. The variables gender, age, ethnicity, medical history, functional capacity and death were investigated. The low or normal muscle mass index (MMI) was obtained through anthropometric data and a predictive equation. The functional capacity was measured using a structured and validated multidimensional questionnaire. The deaths occurred in the period were investigated with relatives through household surveys, in registries and registries of the State System of Data Analysis Foundation.
Background: Malnutrition and sarcopenia have a negative impact on mobility, risk of falls, fractures, physical disability and mortality. Currently, limited information is available on nutritional status and nutritional interventions in geriatric rehabilitation (GR) patients. Objectives: To characterize nutritional status and evidence of nutritional interventions with and without physical exercise in GR patients. Methods: Eight electronic databases were screened for nutritional status and interventions in patients >= 60years, admitted to GR, one search string was used for both topics. Pooled estimates were calculated for mean BMI and prevalence of (risk of) malnutrition (MNA). Meta-analyses were performed to quantify intervention effects on albumin, muscle mass, Barthel Index (BI), and hand grip strength (HGS).
The body of knowledge on the role of technology in reducing frailty is less abundant. Objectives: To summarize available evidence on frailty and technology use for community dwelling older adults. Methods: A comprehensive search of computerized databases was conducted in the following databases published between 2013-2018: Cinahl, Pubmed, and Academic Search Complete. The PRISMA search strategy was utilized for this review. Articles were included if they met the following criteria: 1) focused on community dwelling adults aged 65 and over; 2) peer-reviewed; 3) published in the English language; 4) featured randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies or qualitative research; and 5) included an operationalized definition for frailty. Results: The database searches yielded a total of 183 articles.
For these calculations, normative data from 9615 subjects in UK Biobank was used. To estimate a combined muscle score (Musclecomb), MFIadj and FFMVVCG were projected on the linear regression line describing the normal population relationship between MFIadj and FFMVVCG in the UK Biobank dataset. Spearman rank correlation was estimated comparing MFIadj, FFMVVCG and Musclecomb to nCI. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to estimate the association to survival. ROC values and confidence interval were also calculated. Results: Musclecomb (combined muscle score) was significantly correlated to comorbidity (p<0. 05) and predicted survival (p<0. 05) while MFIadj (adjusted muscle fat infiltration) and FFMVVCG (deviation from an individual´s expected muscle volume) did not reach significant level on either test.
Methods: Data of 209 participants (75 ± 4 years old), who were recruited in the Multidomain Alzheimer's Preventive Trial (MAPT) study and with no dementia at baseline level, were analysed in this study. Based on the functional magnetic resonance imaging data, DTI parameters of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) were calculated in 48 WM structures that were annotated by the John Hopkins University white matter parcellation atlas. Linear regression was used to analyse the association between SPPB score and each DTI parameter while controlling for age, gender, body mass index, physical activity level, total intracranial volume, cardiovascular risk and time interval between the DTI and SPPB measurement. Results: Three DTI parameters (the MD and RD of left corticospinal tract, and the MD of right cerebral peduncle) were associated with the SPPB score at a p-value < 0.
Methods: We analyzed 929 participants (mean age, 75. 9±8. 9 years; 48. 0% men) who underwent measurement of serum GDF-15 level and sarcopenia parameters, using their baseline data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Participants with reduced kidney function, specifically an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from creatinine of <60 ml/min/1. 73 m2, were excluded. Serum GDF-15 level was quantified with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia status was determined in accordance with the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guidelines. Results: According to the AWGS 2019 algorithm, 154 (16. 6%) of the participants in the whole study population were classified as having sarcopenia.
Objectives: To review the evidence of potential biomarkers, especially nutritional biomarkers for early screening of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies evaluating blood biomarkers and frailty in community-dwelling older adults from 2000 to 2019 were included. Information on the definition of frailty, study design, characteristics of the study populations, and the associations between biomarkers and frailty was summarized. Results: In total, 95 studies were identified in which 60 observational studies were published since 2015. Majority of studies used physical frailty. Other definitions such as multidimensional, social and frailty were also used. 123 biomarkers were identified. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies consistently showed that low level of vitamin D was associated with frailty.
Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were: (1) to determine the optimal variance of RET factors [equipment, total training dose, number of exercises, volume (sets and repetitions), frequency, length of intervention, progression, intensity, session duration, training structure, adherence, and attrition] to increase muscle mass (primary outcome) and muscle strength (secondary outcome); and (2) to compare these results with international RET guidelines. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, and SPORTDiscus) from inception until 30th August 2018. Included studies were randomised controlled trials, with a mean/median age of participants >=65 years, comparing RET to a comparison group and reporting muscle mass pre-and post-intervention.
The intervention consisted of 3 months of a progressive multicomponent physical exercise program (EP) aiming to improve the physical condition, followed by 3 months of physical exercises focused on functional ADL with the objective of maintaining/improving autonomy of the participants. Barthel index was used to assess autonomy level in ADL, frailty was measured by Fried Frailty index and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to assess physical fitness. The study is registered in U. S Clinical Trial (NCT04221724) and approved by the Committee on Ethics in Research of the University of the Basque Country (M10/2018/171). Results: During the 3 first months of EP participants lowered the score in the Barthel index (p<0,001). However, participants showed significant improvements in frailty (Fried frailty index p<0,01) and in physical fitness  (SPPB p<0, 001).
Furthermore, exercise is known to be another efficient intervention. However, studies assessing CIT supplementation combined or not with exercise on muscle function and mobility in older human adults are emerging and literature conclusions are needed to help health professionals. Objectives: Establish the potential effectiveness of Citrulline supplementation combined or not with exercise on muscle function and physical performance via a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Human aged 50 years and older. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement has been followed. Medline, Cochrane central register for RCTs and Scopus databases have been searched. Studies selection and data extraction have been performed by two researchers independently.
P287-PREVALENCE OF SARCOPENIA IN COSTA RICAN ELDERLY PEOPLE FROM CRELES STUDY: EWGSOP VS EWGSOP2. Isabel  Barrientos-Calvo (Nutritional Support Department and Geriatric Department, Geriatric National Hospital, San José, Costa Rica)  Background: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. Several operative definitions for sarcopenia have been proposed over the past two decades. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in Costa Rican Longevity and Health Aging Study (CRELES) using the EWGSOP and EWGSOP2 criteria. Methods: To carry out the analysis, all the available cases of the CRELES study database in 2005 which belong to the cohort that follows in the period 2005-2009 were used.
FRAILTY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META- ANALYSIS. Peng Xuchao, Deng Chuanyao, Lin Taiping, Zhao Yanli, Corresponding Author: Yue Jirong (Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, China) Background: Testosterone and frailty are common with aging, previous studies examining testosterone status and frailty have produced complicated results. Objectives: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the relationship between testosterone level and frailty. Methods: Several databases (MEDLINE, Embase, ACP Journal Club, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Methodology Register, Health Technology Assessment, NHS Economic Evaluation Database) were searched from inception to April.