dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Analyses statistiques et éthiques Les analyses statistiques ont été effectuées à l'aide du logiciel SPSS v. 22. 0 et du logiciel R version 3. 0,2, à l'aide du package psych du Professeur William Revelle et du package polycor, qui permettent l'utilisation de corrélations polychoriques pour analyser les items du questionnaire IAT-smartphone. Nous avons réalisé des statistiques descriptives pour les variables qualitatives (effectif et pourcentage) et les variables quantitatives (moyenne et écart-type) afin de décrire la population. Pour analyser la structure factorielle de l'échelle IAT-smartphone, nous avons effectué une analyse factorielle exploratoire avec rotation varimax et un diagramme des valeurs propres (scree plot). Pour tester la structure factorielle, nous avons utilisé la règle de Kaiser (détermination des facteurs(s) ayant une valeur propre supérieure ou égale à 1) ainsi qu'une analyse parallèle de Horn.
The criteria for non-inclusion are as follows: severe psychiatric disorders (active delusional pathologies), bullying still ongoing. In order to test our first hypothesis regarding the study of psychological and family vulnerabilities, we chose several tools: the non-directive research interview and the projective tests Rorschach, TAT, family drawing and house drawing. In order to test our second hypothesis regarding the consequences of bullying, namely the study of symptoms of post-traumatic stress, we chose three tools: the non-directive research interview, the TraumaQ and the SCL-90. Results. -Following a review of the literature and in support of our clinical practice and the initial data from this research, we discussed complementary criteria for defining bullying, in addition to those usually mentioned, in other words: repetition, intensity, frequency and the power of imbalance.
l'ensemble des méta-analyses et revues systématiques publiées au cours des cinq dernières années -soit de 2013 à 2018 inclusivement -portant sur l'efficacité et les effets des programmes d'intervention axés sur la prévention et la réduction des conduites antisociales, violentes et délictueuses relevées chez l'enfant et/ou l'adolescent. Les bases de données PsycArticles, PsycINFO, Science Direct et PubMed ont été examinées à l'aide des mots-clés et opérateurs booléens suivants : (systematic review OR meta-analysis) AND (prevention OR intervention OR program OR evaluation) AND (delinquen* OR violen* OR aggress* OR offend* OR antisocial*). La procédure de recherche fut menée à partir des recommandations méthodologiques fournies par la grille Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), dressant les différentes lignes directrices devant idéalement guider la réalisation des méta-analyses et des revues systématiques de la littérature.
V). Sur ce plan, le but de l'APP est de de favoriser l'épanouissement de tous les étudiants quel que soit leur niveau de compétence préalable, de viser un niveau de compétences minimal réaliste et d'encourager l'approfondissement pour les étudiants les plus motivés et les plus avancés. D'un point de vue de l'organisation, le module comporte des séances dédiées aux projets ou missions (cf. IV et exemple de mission en V). Le niveau de difficulté des missions proposées suit une progression qui vise à amener les étudiants au niveau de compétence minimale requise. Pour les réalisations pratiques, les étudiants ont accès à tout le matériel électronique de base nécessaire (alimentations de laboratoire, instruments de mesure, composants de base…) ainsi qu'aux logiciels ad hoc (Quartus, ModelSim…).
Remerciements Nous remercions  Denis Pénard ,  Gilles Raynaud et Jacques-Olivier Klein pour leur intervention sur l'apprentissage par projet lors du 44 e colloque pédagogique national des départements GEII qui s'est déroulé à Calais, du 31 mai au 2 juin 2017. Nous les remercions également pour le partage de leurs supports pédagogiques qui ont servi de base de travail pour l'introduction de cette approche pédagogique à l'IUT de Haguenau. Ces actions sont partiellement soutenues grâce aux outils mis à la disposition de l'Université dans le cadre du réseau GIP-CNFM  et le projet IDEFI-FINMINA.
Analyses statistiques Les tests statistiques ont e te ́ effectués a ̀ l'aide du logiciel Statistica version 13. Pour la première partie de l'étude, nous avons utilise ́ des tests de comparaison entre le groupe 1 « enfants » et le groupe 2 « adolescents » afin de comparer les scores obtenus au C-SHARP. Puis, nous avons utilisé des analyses de variance afin de comparer les patterns de jugement morale entre les deux groupes 1 et 2. Pour la seconde partie de l'étude, nous avons effectué des analyses de variance pour la comparaison des patterns de jugement moral entre le groupe 1 « agressif » et le groupe 2 « non agressif ».
La recherche documentaire s'est étendue d'août à novembre 2017, via les moteurs de recherche Google, Google Scholar et les bases de données spécifiques Pubmed, ScienceDirect avec les mots clés : sédation profonde jusqu'au décès, famille et accompagnement. En l'absence d'articles comprenant ces mots, ouvrir sur le terme « sédation » et enlever « accompagnement » ont été nécessaires. Aucune étude française concernant le vécu des familles ou leur accompagnement pendant la sédation profonde et continue jusqu'au décès, n'a été trouvée. La loi est-elle trop récente pour expliquer l'absence de questionnement sur cette pratique ? Les recherches ont été élargies aux pratiques et aux observations internationales. En ce qui concerne les mots clefs, la sédation profonde et continue jusqu'au décès est une dénomination issue du cadre législatif français.
Méthodes Type et design de l'étude Une étude longitudinale au sein de la cohorte multicentrique à visée pronostique SUBUSQOL (SUBstance Users Satisfaction and Quality Of Life) a été réalisée. La population étudiée correspond aux patients présentant une dépendance aux substances psychoactives de type alcool et/ou opiacés en regard des critères diagnostiques de la classification DSM-IV  [8] , initiant une prise en charge ambulatoire dans un des services spécialisés co-investigateurs et pour lesquels une mesure de la satisfaction vis-à-vis des soins a été renseignée (ClinicalTrials. gov ID: NCT02894476). Une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire médicale, sociale, psychologique et éducative est accessible dans la structure de soins. L'autorisation du comité national informatique et liberté a été obtenue (CNIL DR-2013-156).
MÉTHODE ALGOS est un essai clinique multicentrique, prospectif, en simple aveugle, randomisé et contrôlé avec deux groupes parallèles. Les participants du groupe intervention ont bénéficié d'un système de veille, basé sur l'algorithme ALGOS, pendant 6 mois et ont été évalués à 6 et 13 mois  (7). Les patients dans le groupe contrôle ont disposé de la prise en charge usuelle recommandée par la Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) et ont aussi été évalués à 6 et 13 mois après la tentative de suicide  (8). Cette étude a reçu l'autorisation de l'AFFAPS (numéro NCT01123174) et a été approuvée par le Comité de Protection des Personnes de la région Nord-Ouest (décision CPP Nord-Ouest 09/63).
Objective. Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second leading cause of dementia. Diagnostic criteria have evolved from the concept of multiple infarctions to different subtypes: acute onset VaD, subcortical VaD, mixed cortical and subcortical VaD. Our aim was to analyze the evolution in the coding of these different subtypes of VaD in the French nationwide exhaustive hospital discharge database (PMSI) between 2007 and 2017.
In 2000, Erkinjuntti et al. proposed a modification of the NINDS-AIREN criteria as a new research criteria for subcortical VaD  [7]. In 2005, two reviews highlighted the importance of poststroke VaD  [8, 9]. Advances in brain imaging, genetics and the evolution of the concept of dementia have led to the individualization of different subtypes of VaD in ICD-10: multiple infarctions, subcortical VaD, acute onset VaD, mixed types. Recently, the VASCOG statement proposed new criteria for vascular cognitive disorders  [10]. The application of these different criteria to diagnose VaD in France is not known. The French Programme de Médicalisation du Système d'Information (PMSI) database gives access to the evolution of diagnoses over all hospital stay. Our aim was to analyze the evolution of VaD ICD-10 coding in France between 2007 and 2017.
Data source The PMSI database is the French nationwide exhaustive hospital discharge database  [11]. The database used in this study comprehends all the inpatient stays, from nonprofit and for-profit acute care hospitals (medicine, surgery and obstetrics), excluding psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation care centers. This database includes administrative data (admission and discharge dates and modes), demographic data (age, gender, geographic area), diagnoses encoded in the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10 th edition (ICD-10)  [12]  and other pieces of information  [14]. This information is anonymized and can be reused for research purposes  [15].
Since 2012, government agency in charge of the PMSI database has been working on the Ovalide tool, a PMSI data validation tool, which will make it possible to identify low quality in PMSI data. Use of hospital coding to define the diagnosis is a recognized way of counting dementia  [32]. We study here the number of hospital stays; some patients may have had several stays. Besides, we interested in the evolution of coding, and there is no reason to believe that the annual number of stays of patients with VaD may have changed between 2007 and 2017. Defining and identifying dementias in the major French administrative databases is an issue of interest: a recent review proposed several algorithms, two of which have been validated  [33].
Conclusion The number of hospital stays for vascular dementia has remained stable over 11 years. This represents a slight relative decrease in proportion to the total number of hospital stays. One possible explanation is the improved control of cardiovascular risk factors. These data can be useful to encourage good control in patients at risk. We also showed a decrease in hospital stays for imprecise diagnoses of "multiple infarction", associated with an increase in the number of diagnoses of "subcortical or mixed VaD", "acute onset VaD" and "other VaD". Finally, these data suggest an adequacy with the evolution of diagnostic criteria. Improvement in the coding quality of VaD is engaging for future studies with the PMSI database. VaD: Vascular dementia.
The aim of the present study was thus to investigate the impact of 26RFa gene knockout on the regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. Research design and methods 26RFa mutant mice were generated by homologous recombination, in which the entire coding region of prepro26RFa was replaced by the iCre sequence. Energy and glucose metabolism was evaluated through measurement of complementary parameters. Morphological and physiological alterations of the pancreatic islets were also investigated. Results Our data do not reveal significant alteration of energy metabolism in the 26RFa-deficient mice except the occurrence of an increased basal metabolic rate. By contrast, 26RFa mutant mice exhibited an altered glycemic phenotype with an increased hyperglycemia after a glucose challenge associated with an impaired insulin production, and an elevated hepatic glucose production.
The mutant mice were generated by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells of 129SvJ strain and implanted in C57 blastocysts using standard procedures. The targeting vector was constructed by replacing the entire coding region of prepro26RFa sequence in exon 2 of the 26RFa gene with iCre sequence and pgk-Neo cassette (online supplementary data 1A). Genotypes were determined by PCR of DNA mouse tail biopsy. PCR primers used were 5'-CAGTCAGCAGC-TATCCCTCC-3' (from 115 to 96 base of the 26RFa gene from the transcription initiation site) and 5'-ACCG TCTT GCCT CCCT AGACG-3' (from 225 to 246 base), and 5'-GAGGGACTACCTCCTGTACC-3' and 5'-TGCCCA-GAGTCATCCTTGGC-3' (corresponding to the iCre sequence). We detected a 361 pb product from wild-type allele corresponding to the 26RFa coding sequence, and a 650 pb product from the targeted allele corresponding to the inserted iCre sequence (online supplementary data 1B).
metabolic phenotype analysis Combined indirect calorimetry A 16-cage combined indirect calorimetry system (Pheno-Master, TSE Systems, Bad Homburg, Germany) was used to assess continuous monitoring of energy expenditure, locomotor activity, respiratory quotient (RQ), as well as food and water intake. Mice were individually housed (E) Evaluation of body mass composition in 26RFa -/-, 26RFa +/-and 26RFa +/+ mice during a 6-day experimental protocol in which animals were fed ad libitum for 3 days, then were food-restricted for 1 day and refed for 2 days (n=11 per group). Data presented as mean±SEM. on March 11, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright. and acclimated to the airtight cages for 5 days before the experimental measurements. Subsequently, volumes of oxygen consumption and volumes of CO 2 production were measured every minute for a total of six light and six dark phases (144 hours) to determine the respiratory quotient (RQ =VCO 2 /VO 2 ) and energy expenditure (EE=VO 2 × (3.
To study the morphological architecture, pancreas slices were stained with H&E and examined under a Leica Z6 APO macroscope and a Nikon E600 light microscope. For the double labeling experiments, the following primary antibodies were used: guinea pig polyclonal antiinsulin (1:50, GeneTex, Irvine, California) and mouse monoclonal antiglucagon (1:1000, Sigma Aldrich). Alexa-conjugated antibodies (Invitrogen Life Technologies) including goat anti-guinea pig-488 (1:300) and donkey anti-mouse-594 (1:300) were used as secondary antibodies. Sections were counterstained with 1 µg/mL 4′,6-diamino-2-phenylindole (Sigma Aldrich) in PBS for 90 s. Tissue sections were examined with a Nikon Eclipse E600. Quantitative, qualitative and morphological analyses of the pancreas sections were performed using the ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC).
Funding This work was supported by the  Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)  (grant number:  U1239 ), the  University of Rouen , the  Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB)  (recurrent funding), the  'Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale ' (grant number:  DEA 20140629966 ), and the  'Société Francophone du Diabète ' (grant number:  R16038EE ). The present study was also cofunded by the  European Union  and the  Normandie Regional Council. Europe gets involved in Normandie  with  European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Nous avons interrogé la base de données établie par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (Vigibase), qui recense l'ensemble des effets secondaires pour tous types de médicaments dans tous types d'indications. Cette enquête rétrospective à très grande échelle (200 000 patients) a révélé que les médicaments inhibiteurs des microtubules présentent aussi un risque accru de réaction auto-immune. Au-delà de leur activité antimitotique exploitée en cancérologie, ces composés peuvent donc aussi influencer l'im-Tarifs d'abonnement m/s -2019 Abonnez-vous à médecine/sciences > Grâce à m/s, vivez en direct les progrès des sciences biologiques et médicales Bulletin d'abonnement page 594 dans ce numéro de m/s médecine/sciences.
Spike-LFP phase coupling peaks at the same frequency ranges identified in the noise correlation spectra, namely the high alpha range (10-16Hz) and the beta range (20-30Hz). When considering SFC independently of cortical layer organization, no difference in SFC is found between preferred and non-preferred positions in either frequency ranges. Interestingly, these selective SFC mechanisms are independent from overall LFP power content. Indeed, LFP power on the same dataset shows a deviation from the 1/f expect drop in a broad frequency range running from 15-30 Hz (figure  S3A ). This increase in LFP power is higher after cue presentation as compared to before (figure  S3B ). In contrast with SFC, this increase in LFP power is also more pronounced when the monkey is being cued towards the preferred than towards the nonpreferred spatial location of the recorded signals (figure  S3B ).
have shown that, in extra-striate area V4, the ratio between the alpha and gamma spike field coherence discriminate between LFP signals in deep (low alpha / gamma spike field coherence ratio) and superficial cortical layers (high alpha / gamma spike field coherence ratio,  61. In our own data, as recordings were performed tangentially to FEF cortical surface, we have no direct assignation of the recorded MUAs to either superficial or deep cortical layers. However, the LFP alpha / gamma spike field coherence ratio provides a very reliable segregation of visual and visuo-motor MUAs at the same recording sites (figure  3A ). We thus consider that, as has been described for area V4, this measure allows for a reliable delineation of superficial and deep layers in area FEF. Figure  3B -C represents the SFC applied to the same data as presented in figure  S3 , but separated on the bases of the attribution of the MUA to either superficial or deep cortical FEF layers.
Neural recordings: On each session, bilateral simultaneous recordings in the two FEFs were carried out using two 24-contact Plexon U-probes. The contacts had an interspacing distance of 250 µm. Neural data was acquired with the Plexon Omniplex® neuronal data acquisition system. The data was amplified 400 times and digitized at 40,000 Hz. The MUA neuronal data was highpass filtered at 300 Hz. The LFP neuronal data was filtered between 0. 5 and 300 Hz. In the present paper, all analyses are performed on the multi-unit activity recorded on each of the 48 recording contacts. A threshold defining the multi-unit activity was applied independently for each recording contact and before the actual task-related recordings started. All further analyses of the data were performed in Matlab™ and using FieldTrip  78  and the Wavelet Coherence Matlab Toolbox  79  , both open source Matlab™ toolboxes.
Data Analysis Data preprocessing. Overall, MUA recordings were collected from 48 recording channels on 26 independent recording sessions (13 for M1 and 13 for M2). We excluded from subsequent analyses all channels with less than 5 spikes per seconds. For each session, we identified the task-related channels based on a statistical change (one-way ANOVA, p<0. 05) in the MUA neuronal activity in the memory-guided saccade task, in response to either cue presentation ([0 400] ms after cue onset) against a pre-cue baseline ([-100 0] ms relative to cue onset), or to saccade execution go signal and to saccade execution (i. e. fixation point off, [0 400] ms after go signal) against a pre-go signal baseline ([-100 0] ms relative to go signal), irrespective of the spatial configuration of the trial. In total, 671 channels were retained for further analyses out of 1248 channels.
Only positive significant noise correlations are considered, unless stated otherwise. In any given recording session, noise correlations were calculated between MUA signals recorded from the same electrode, thus specifically targeting intra-cortical correlations. Once noise correlation is calculated over time a wavelet transform  78  was then applied on each session's noise correlation time series. To control that these tmporal noise correlation oscillations cannot be attributed to changes in spiking activity, a wavelet analysis was also run onto MUA time series data (not shown).
Statistics were computed across channels x sessions, using a non-parametric Friedman test. Model. The objective of this model is to test whether rhythmic variations in noise correlations can parsimoniously be explained by joint long-range influences reflected in the LFP alpha and beta ranges and selective local spike-LFP phase coupling mechanisms in these same frequencies. This was investigated through synthetic neuronal population activities the main features of which were parsimoniously driven by FEF recorded data as follows. Spikes/LFPs signals were generated to create a 200 channels X 100 trials X 1000 ms, structure. LFP signals were constructed from a noise frequency component following a 1/f power/frequency law, and a signal component ranging from 10Hz to 60Hz. To mimic our empirical data (figure  S3B ), superficial LFPs to a preferred spatial memory location were enriched in alpha power.
This can easily be modeled (data not shown). Last, the functional selectivity of the synthetic channels (preferred/ non preferred) was mimicked by a 15% increase in firing rate in the preferred condition, while the non-preferred condition remained unchanged, this for both superficial and deep channels. Frequency and phase analyses were performed using Wavelet Transform Analyzes based on the Wavelet Coherence Matlab Toolbox, SFC analyzes were performed using adapted Fieldtrip toolbox functions (http://fieldtriptoolbox. org). The outcome of this phase-phase coupling analysis is independent of instantaneous spiking rates.
Acknowledgments S. B. H. H. was supported by  ANR  grant  ANR-14-CE13-0005-1. C. G. was supported by the  French Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche. S. B. H. was supported by  ANR  grant  ANR-11-BSV4-0011 ,  ANR  grant  ANR-14-CE13-0005-1 , and the  LABEX CORTEX  ( ANR-11-LABX-0042 ) of  Université de Lyon , within the  program Investissements d'Avenir  ( ANR-11-IDEX-0007 ) operated by the  French National Research Agency (ANR). E. A. was supported by the  CNRS-DGA  and  Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. We thank research engineer  Serge Pinède  for technical support and  Jean-Luc Charieau  and  Fabrice Hérant  for animal care. All procedures were approved by the local animal care committee ( C2EA42-13-02-0401-01 ) in compliance with the  European Community Council , Directive 2010/63/UE on Animal Care.
Méthode -Cinq bases de données ont été utilisées pour la recherche d'articles, en suivant les normes PRISMA. Les articles traitant des psychothérapies suivantes, classiquement utilisées dans la prise en charge de la fibromyalgie, ont été sélectionnés : thérapie EMDR, hypnose, thérapie ACT, TCC et Mindfulness. Résultats -Sur les 1560 articles identifiés, 9 études ont été retenues, sur base de nos critères de sélection. La majorité de ces études a rapporté une efficacité des interventions. Discussion -Si les psychothérapies étudiées montrent des effets sur plusieurs des symptômes de la fibromyalgie, la thérapie ACT se démarque largement : son efficacité a été démontrée sur 9 des 12 symptômes étudiés, et ce, par deux études contrôlées randomisées. Cependant, la question de l'efficacité en psychothérapie pose tout de même question, celleci ne pouvant se résumer à l'addition des dimensions où elle semble faire effet.
Méthode Cette revue systématique, réalisée en double aveugle, a été réalisée selon les recommandations PRISMA. Les études publiées entre 2007 et 2017 ont été recherchées à travers les 5 bases de données suivantes : PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Sciences et PsycINFO. Les recherches documentaires ont été effectuées en utilisant des équations de recherche, devant les différentes orthographes possibles des noms pour 3 bases de données. À titre d'exemple, pour la base de données PubMed, l'équation de recherche utilisée pour la thérapie d'Acceptation et d'Engagement était : (fibromyalgi*[Title/Abstract]) AND ("thérapie d'acceptation et d'engagement"[Title/Abstract] OR "acceptance and commitment therapy"[Title/Abstract] OR "ACT"[Title/Abstract] OR "TAE"[Title/Abstract]).