dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
MS detection was performed using an Agilent G6460C triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an Agilent Jet Stream ESI source (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany). Source conditions were optimized to achieve the best sensitivity for all compounds. A drying gas temperature of 350 °C and a flow of 8 L/min. A nebulizer gas pressure of 45 psi. A sheath gas temperature of 400 °C and a flow of 11 l/min. The capillary voltage was set to 4000 V in negative mode with a nozzle voltage of 0 V and 3500 V in positive mode with a nozzle voltage of 500 V. The analysis was carried out using electrospray ionization (ESI) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition in positive and negative mode. The collision energy, cell accelerator voltage, and fragmentor were optimized using MassHunter Optimizer software.
Statistical analyses Patterns of toxin distribution across geographical regions and organisms were explored with the multivariate technique Principal Components Analysis (PCA). For this analysis, data on less frequent toxins in the data set, with ~1 positive sample were removed, and analogous molecules were grouped into a single class for YTXs and AZAs. PCA was performed with PCA function from the FactoMineR R package  (Lê et al. , 2008).
Acknowledgments This research was partially funded by the  Portuguese Foundation of Science and Technology (FCT)  project  UID/Multi/04423/2013  and by the projects ALERTOXNET ( EAPA_317/2016 ), funded by the  Interreg Atlantic program. The research leading to these results has received funding from the following FEDER co-funded grants. From Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia ,  2017 GRC GI-1682  ( ED431C 2017/01 ). From Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación   ISCIII/ PI16/01830  and  IISCIII/PI19/001248. From European Union Interreg AlertoxNet EAPA-317-2016 ,  Interreg Agritox   EAPA-998-2018 , and  H2020 778069-EMERTOX. Sandra Gegunde  was supported by a fellowship from  FIDIS, Spain. Additional funding was provided by  National Funds through FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia , under the projects  UID/ BIA/00329/2013 ,  2015-2018  and  UID/BIA/00329/2019.
Objectives: To develop and validate a MRI-based radiomic method to predict malignancies in lipomatous soft tissue tumors. Methods: This retrospective study searched in the database of our pathology department, data from patients with lipomatous soft tissue tumors, with histology and gadolinium-contrast enhanced T 1 w MR images, obtained from 56 centers with non-uniform protocols. For each tumor, 87 radiomic features were extracted by two independent observers to evaluate the inter-observer reproducibility. A reduction of learning base dimension was performed from reproducibility and relevancy criteria. A model was subsequently prototyped using a linear support vector machine to predict malignant lesions. Results: Eighty-one subjects with lipomatous soft tissue tumors including 40 lipomas and 41 atypical lipomatous tumors or well-differentiated liposarcomas with fat-suppressed T 1 w contrast enhanced MR images available were retrospectively enrolled.
MRI data MR images were collected from 56 different centers with non-uniform protocols and centralized in the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) of our cancer center. Acquisition were performed at three different fields (1. 0 T, 1. 5 T, and 3. 0 T) with 18 MR systems commercialized by four vendors (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, 39. 5%; General Electric Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA, 33. 3%; Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands, 24. 6%; and Toshiba medical systems corporation, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan, 2. 6%). Image acquisitions were mainly acquired using a 2D fast spinecho sequence (53. 3% with a fat saturation and 11. 7% with a fat-water decomposition) (65%), a 3D isotropic fast spin-echo sequence (4. 9%), a 3D gradient echo sequence (16. 5% with a fat saturation and 13.
Frequency domain-based texture features were extracted using a Gabor filtering problem of overfitting and created another set of relevant features in term of relevancy and inter-observer reproducibility through filtering with a double thresholding on t-test p-value and Pearson's correlation coefficient, previously computed through reproducibility study. Threshold-values were p-value smaller than 0. 2, and Pearson's correlation coefficient higher than 0. 8. The threshold for p-value was chosen as a compromise between relevancy and stringency faced with dimensionality reduction to be consistent with observations size. The second step performed a prototyping of classification model with a support vector machine as a classifier with a linear kernel. Before training, data were centered at their mean and scaled to have unit standard deviation.
These outcomes were not directly investigated, but the model prototyped from these heterogeneous data has provided indirect evidence on these issues. This study has several limitations. First, image resolution has also been reported to impact features stability and we did not use a resampling procedure to normalize pixel size in this work. However, pixel size displayed no significant differences between groups. Second, although internal cross-validation on test and application data was used to build the model, no external validation on independent population was performed. In this pilot study, the multicenter multi-vendor aspect in the database for subsequently integration of the maximum of acquisition heterogeneities in our model has been preferred. As a consequence, these encouraging results need to be further confirmed on multicenter prospective or applied to existing population to rigorously verify the impact of MR-vendor and MR protocol on classification performances.
Acknowledgements This work was performed within the framework of the  SIRIC LyriCAN grant INCa_INSERM_DGOS_12563  and  LABEX PRIMES  ( ANR-11-LABX-0063 ), program " Investissements d'Avenir"  ( ANR-11-IDEX-0007 ). The authors thank  Sophie Darnis  ( Centre Léon Bérard ) for medical editorial assistance with this manuscript.
Methodology In order to obtain a closer understanding of the challenges experienced by founders in setting up group living arrangements for older people, a qualitative study was conducted. Data acquisition took place through qualitative (face-to-face) interviews. The decision-making processes in innovative collective housing projects were examined based on the experiences of the founders involved and (un-)successful cases. In addition, the challenges that actors have to deal with regarding (1) internal and external regulations, and (2) establishing (in)formal partnerships and (3) how this is governed by the directors and the supervisory board, were identified.
The sample included 13 males and 4 females. Of the 17 participants, three were members of ethnic minority groups, but for reasons of privacy and potential identification, these data are not shown in Table  1. The large number of participants were aged between 50 and 60 years old (n = 7). Only three were younger than 50 years of age. The interviews took place at the offices of the participants or at an agreed-on convenient venue between July 2019 and January 2020. All interviews were conducted face-to-face, recorded and transcribed verbatim. The interviews lasted for approximately one hour.
Data Analysis The interviews were anonymised, elaborated and thematically analysed. For the thematic analysis, a qualitative analysis software package (Atlas. ti) was used. In line with the 'abductive analysis' approach developed by Tavory and Timmermans  [23] , the analysis consisted of an iterative process of working with the empirical materials in relationship with the literature on rebellion and innovative living arrangements. This approach includes both deductive and inductive reasoning. Based on the existing literature, codes were used, such as 'rules', 'regulations' and 'context', but some codes were generated inductively (for instance, the different ideas respondents had about the term 'rebellion'). During the coding process, three central themes emerged: four central elements of what it means to act 'rebellious'; dealing with the institutional context, consisting of rules and regulations; and creating supportive (external and internal) contexts.
Acknowledgments: All participants of the interviews are thanked for their willingness to participate in the study. Marjo Visser  ( Marjo Visser Advies en Interimmanagement ) and  Katja van Vliet (Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences ) are acknowledged for their constructive feedback on the methodology. We would like to thank  Henno Theisens  ( The Hague University of Applied Sciences ) for his input on the discussion.
9  [10, 11]. In 2016, the clinical potential of CA19. 9 as a therapeutic target was investigated in patients with pancreatic cancers or CA19. 9-positive malignancies (NCT02672917) via the weekly intravenous administration of 5B1 (MVT-5873). This antibody was also evaluated as a platform for the specific delivery of radioisotopes to PDAC tumor sites. Two on-going clinical trials with 5B1-based radioimmunoconjugates resulted from these studies: one in which the antibody is labeled with 89 Zr for PET imaging (NCT02687230) and a second in which the antibody is labeled with 177 Lu for β-RIT (NCT03118349). More recently, our group evaluated the potential of 225 Ac labeled 5B1-conjugates for α-RIT in PDAC mouse models  [6]. During these preclinical investigations, a pretargeted administration method relying on the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction  [4, 5, [12] [13] [14] [15]  was compared to conventional RIT.
In vivo γH2AX PET imaging Four weeks post-subcutaneous PDAC cells implantation, mice with an average tumor volume of about 120 mm 3 were randomized into cohorts (n=5/cohort) and used for PET/CT imaging studies. Three days post-administration of 177 Lu-/ 225 Ac-PRIT  (18. 5  MBq/0. 037 MBq, 0. 4 nmol), [ 89 Zr]Zr-DFO-anti-γH2AX-TAT (0. 5 MBq, 5. 0 μg) was administered intravenously. As a positive control, γH2AX was induced in mice by X-ray irradiation of the tumor (X-RAD 320). One hour before the injection of the PET imaging probe, positive control mice were irradiated (10 Gy) at a dose rate of 1. 2 Gy/min. As negative control, mice were mock-treated (0 Gy). PET/CT imaging was performed on an Inveon PET/CT scanner (Siemens) up to 4 days post-injection of [ 89 Zr]Zr-DFO-anti-γH2AX-TAT. Images were processed using the Inveon Research Workplace software package.
Ex vivo γH2AX staining Separate mice cohorts (n=3/cohort) were treated as previously described. However, three days post-injection of the radionuclide therapy, mice were euthanized and their tumors were collected for γH2AX staining. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were carried out on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded 10-μm-thick tumor sections. Sections were submitted to MSKCC Molecular Cytology Core Facility for γH2AX as well as hematoxylin and eosin staining. Slides were scanned using a Pannoramic Flash 250 slide scanner from 3DHistech (Budapest, Hungary) -Zeiss 20x/0. 8NA objective. Immunohistochemistry was used for the determination of γH2AX positive cells when immunofluorescence was used for the detection of γH2AX foci per cell. Immunohistochemistry cell positive analysis was performed in random tumor areas (n = 8/sample) using the open source software QuPath  [32].
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the  Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes core facility , which was supported in part by  NIH  grant  P30 CA08748. They gratefully acknowledge the William H. and  Alice Goodwin  and the  Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research, the Center for Experimental Therapeutics of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center  (JSL), an  MSK   IMRAS grant  (JSL), the  US National Institutes of Health  grants  NCI R35 CA232130  (JSL) and  U01 CA221046  (JSL), and the  François Wallace Monahan Fellowship  from the  JLM Benevolent Fund (SP). BC, EON and JK were supported by the  CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology. BC and EON were further supported by  MRC  ( MR/P018661/1 ).
Events are selected applying the criteria in section 4. For a better visibility of the plot only 5% of events are plotted and a shift of 0. 25 is applied to N stat for proton events. QGSJET-II-04  [51]. A total of 25000 showers have been generated for each hadronic model and primary type. Each shower is resampled 5 times, each time with a different impact point at ground uniformly distributed within an area enclosing the array and a border such that the trigger efficiency of each surface station is less than 1% outside it  [47]. Events are processed through the Offline software  [52]  which includes a detailed simulation of the FD and the light propagation from the shower to the FD camera and a Geant4-based  [53]  simulation of the SD. A time-dependent approach developed for the energy spectrum in  [32]  is used for a realistic estimate of the detection efficiency and the discrimination performance.
Data set The analysis presented in this work uses hybrid data collected between January 2005 and December 2013. Selection criteria are applied to ensure a good geometry and profile reconstruction and a reliable measurement of the discriminating observables. These cuts are detailed below. Trigger and detector levels. The initial data set (trigger level) consists of all events passing the very loose trigger requirements of the data acquisition  [30]. Consequently it includes a fraction of events that are not due to air-shower events (e. g. lightning or low energy events with a random-coincidence station) and are thus discarded. Data periods without good FD or SD working conditions, mostly during the construction phase of the observatory (e. g. , camera calibrations in the FD and unstable conditions of the SD trigger) are rejected.
Acknowledgments The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the  Pierre Auger Observatory  would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina -Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica ;  Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) ;  Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ;  Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza ;  Municipalidad de Malargüe ;  NDM Holdings  and  Valle Las Leñas ; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia -the  Australian Research Council; Brazil -Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) ;  Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP) ;  Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) ;  São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)  Grants No.
2010/07359-6  and No. 1999/05404-3 ;  Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia (MCT) ;  Czech Republic -Grant  No. MSMT CR LG15014 ,  LO1305  and  LM2015038  and the  Czech Science Foundation  Grant No. 14-17501S ;  France -Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS ;  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ;  Conseil Régional Ile-de-France ;  Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire  ( PNC-IN2P3/CNRS );  Département Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS) ;  Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP)  Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63  within the  Investissements d'Avenir Programme  Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 ;  Germany -Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) ;  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) ;  Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg ;  Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP) ;  Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF) ;  Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen ;  Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Württemberg; Italy -Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ;  Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) ;  Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universitá e della Ricerca (MIUR) ;  CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE) ;  Mexico -Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)  No.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Part of the research described in this publication was carried out at the  Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology , under a contract with the  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This research was funded by  NASA's Space Biology  grant  NNH16ZTT001N   NRA  awarded to N. P. K. and funded student fellowships to A. B. and N. R. We thank  Bangyan L. Stiles  for enabling the Hoefer UV-C crosslinker to conduct the UV-C exposure experiment. A. B. drafted the manuscript, conducted UV-C experiments, and contributed to data analysis and interpretation. N. R. drafted parts of the manuscript and performed in vivo virulence assays. F. Y. L. helped with the experimental design of UV-C testing and created several genetically transformed strains.
Data collection and processing Demographic data, test results, therapeutics used, and patient progress before and during ICU stay were analyzed. Time of inclusion was defined by the date of initiation of treatment with clopidogrel or ticagrelor. The primary outcome was bleeding occurrence during ICU stay according to the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) criteria which have been used in most cardiovascular trials and recommendations for the past thirty years  [2, 4, 5, 10, 11]. Bleeding was classified as TIMI major or minor; we did not record the TIMI minimal. In case of multiple bleeding in the same patient, the most severe TIMI bleeding event was recorded. The secondary outcomes were ICU mortality, ICU length of stay, and other markers of bleeding such as blood transfusion.
Analysis of outcomes Cumulative incidence of bleeding was modeled using a proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk, for clustered data  [17, 18]. Death was the only competing risk considered. The proportional hazards model was stratified by group of patients defined by propensity score matching. Hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A two-tailed p value < 0. 05 was considered significant. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9. 4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) and R (package crrSC v1. 1).
Many studies of large cohorts conducted outside the ICU have reported an increased bleeding risk of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel, despite an overall improvement in mortality  [2, 3]. The PLATO study, in which patients were followed for a period of 13 months, found that the superiority of ticagrelor in cardiovascular events was apparent within 30 days of treatment initiation and persisted throughout the study period, whereas most bleeding occurred after 30 days of treatment  [3]. In our study of critically ill patients with severe forms of ACS, all bleeding events were observed early in the study, the median ICU length of stay being 4 (3-8) days. A post-hoc study using data from the PLATO cohort subdivided the groups of patients treated with ticagrelor and clopidogrel according to the Killip classification (previous Heart Failure (HF) vs.
(Kukuzaki et al. , 2010; Stylianou et al. , 2016). In addition, modelling can be used in design and optimization of cross-flow membrane modules for multi-components membrane gas absorption processes. Several types of computational approaches can be seen for ozone transport simulation in membrane contactor processes. Three methods will be presented here. In the first one, dimensionless numbers are used (in particular the Sherwood number) and hypotheses are assumed in order to simplify the equations and to avoid a numerical resolution. In the second approach presented here, ozone concentrations are obtained from the partial pressures. In the last method, software like Comsol Multiphysics for example is used in order to solve the transfer equations and directly determine concentration profiles, by simulating the ozone mass transfer through a membrane into a liquid.
, 2017; Zoumpouli et al. , 2018). The steps of the CFD simulation set-up are described by Tu et al. (Tu et al. , 2018). The first step is to define a domain (2-D or 3-D) and a geometry based on the studied membrane dimensions. For a gas/liquid membrane contactor, 3 domains can be defined: the gas phase, the membrane, the liquid phase. Then, the optimal mesh has to be chosen in order to obtain the best compromise between accuracy and computing time. The model can be scaled if necessary, and the convergence criteria have to be set, representing the acceptable residual after all the iterations. The next step is the specification of the governing equations (i. e. species and momentum equations), and of the boundary conditions. The CFD software takes care to couple and solve these equations, and therefore concentration profiles are obtained  (Berry et al.
, 2017). During their works,  Berry et al. used  Comsol Multiphysics ® in order to obtain concentration profiles. The simulation was made with the gas flowing inside the tube and the liquid outside, in a non-porous capillary membrane made with PDMS. The gas was pure oxygen or a mixture of ozone and oxygen. Variations from 3. 5 to 2210 of the liquid side Reynolds number were performed, corresponding to a laminar flow. The regime was also laminar on the gas side. The equations solved by the software, and their application conditions, are synthetized in Table  6. Table  6 : Governing equations of the mass transport used by Berry et al. liquid flowing inside the tube and the gas in the shell, in a non-porous tubular membrane made with PDMS. The gas studied was a mixture of ozone and oxygen. The effect of added peroxone (i.
Preliminary results and discussions To study the PCM based heat sink, ANSYS Workbench v17. 2 is used as a Finite Element (FE) computing software. The finite element model of the heat sink is presented in figure  4. The studied cooling system (without PCM) was discretized into a total number of 49449 10node tetrahedral thermal elements (figure  4 (a) ). (a) (b) Six different mesh size are investigated. In figure  5 , the maximum reached temperature convergency is investigated (blue curve). The total computing time for each mesh configuration is presented by the orange curve. From these results, and for a best compromise between accuracy and cost, the mesh of 49449 elements is selected in this numerical study for more simulations. The total number of elements is about 109485 elements for heat sink model fulfilled with PCM (figure 4 (b)).
B. Proposed Lévy Flights Graph Convolutional Network for semi-supervised node classification Although both G-SSL and fractional G-SSL achieve comparable and consistent (low variance) performance on some datasets, e. g. , Les Miserables, Wikipedia-math, and MNIST, these approaches consider only the given adjacency matrix W and the label matrix Y , without using the feature matrix X. This limitation is crucial, especially when dealing with datasets that not only exhibit a sophisticated topological graph structure but also provide node feature information, such as citation, biological, financial, and power grid networks. To address this limitation, there have been recently proposed many graph-based neural networks methods, e. g. , graph convolutional networks (GCN), which use the feature matrix X instead of the label matrix Y and encode the graph structure by using neural network framework.