dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Animal Measurements Cows were milked twice daily at 0700 and 1530 h. Individual yields (kg/cow) were recorded at each milking (Dairymaster, Causeway, Ireland). Milk composition was measured weekly from one successive evening and morning milking. The concentrations of protein, fat, and lactose were determined using a Milkoscan 203  (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark). Body weight and BCS were measured on a weekly basis. All cows were weighed using an electronic portable weighing scale and Winweigh software package (Tru-Test Limited, Auckland, New Zealand). Body condition score was recorded weekly and was scored by an experienced independent observer using a 1 to 5 scale (1 = emaciated and 5 = extremely fat) with 0. 25 increments  (Edmonson et al. , 1989).
4 (SAS Institute Inc. , Cary, NC). Analysis of all herbage variables was carried out using PROC MIXED models in SAS. Daily Pre-GSH, Post-GSH, pregrazing herbage mass, daily herbage allowance (including silage offered), and herbage removed (including silage offered) were analyzed over period 1. The model contained terms for treatment, rotation, and week and for their interactions. Three cows were removed from the analysis due to health problems encountered during the experimental period that were not associated with the experimental treatment; therefore, the analysis was carried out on 102 cows. The effect of grazing treatment (1-7), calving group (1 or 2), parity (1 or 2), breed (1 or 2), and all their first interactions on animal production variables were analyzed using PROC MIXED models in SAS.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank  Brendan Horan  ( Teagasc Moorepark ) and  John Roche  ( Ministry for Primary Industries, New Zealand ) for their input into planning and designing the experiment. The authors acknowledge  J. P. Murphy ,  A. McGrath , and  M. Liddane  of  Teagasc Moorepark  for their technical assistance and all the staff of Moorepark research farm for their care and management of the animals and assistance with measurements during the experiment. This experiment was funded by  Teagasc Core Funding and Dairy Levy Funding.
Modeling The following simulations of the interface delamination, thin film buckling and buckle propagation have been performed with the help of the finite element software ABAQUS using an explicit formulation  (Abaqus, 2013). A geometrically non-linear plate lying in the (Oxy) plane is used to model the thin film of thickness h (see Fig. 2a  for axes). The plate described in the (Oxy) plane by a square flat domain of length L and width l has been meshed with the help of triangular shell elements. Half of a delaminated disc (hd) of diameter b hd has been introduced as an adhesion-free domain at x = 0, in the left part of the film, to initiate the buckling once an internal compressive stress has been applied to the film. The out-of-plane displacement along the (Oz) axis is labeled w, the in-plane ones along (Ox) and (Oy), u and v, respectively.
Patients' files were collected using the French database for rare diseases, CEMARA,  18  with an agreement of the French Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés. Data retrieval and analysis included ocular and systemic symptoms, personal and family medical history, current age, age at diagnosis of uveitis, age at first visit, gender, laterality of the uveitis, duration and course of the disease, and follow-up period. We recorded any inflammatory syndrome (elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C reactive protein) only at the uveitis diagnosis. We also recorded auto-antibody (including ANA), elevated ACE, positivity of HLA B27, visual acuity (VA) at presentation and at the last visit, use of local and/or systemic medical therapies, ocular surgeries and complications occurring at any time point.
We collected six different types of aetiologies: ANA+JIA, ANA-JIA, enthesitis-related arthritis (defined by the occurrence of arthritis and enthesitis and at least two of the following criteria: sacroiliac pain and/or inflammatory rachialgia, acute anterior uveitis, presence of HLA B27), sarcoidosis, idiopathic uveitis and other inflammatory diseases. The recorded complications included band keratopathy, posterior synechiae, OHT, which was defined by an intraocular pressure greater than 21 mm Hg, glaucoma (hypertension associated with lesions of the optic nerve), cataract, macular oedema (detected by optical coherence tomography), papilloedema, posterior synechiae, band keratopathy and decrease VA. All data were collected at diagnosis of uveitis; at 6, 12 and 24 months; and at the latest follow-up.
We evaluated intraoperative complications and 30-day complications using the Memorial Sloan Lettering Cancer Center's Surgical Secondary Events Int J Gynecol Cancer: first published as 10. 1136/ijgc-2019-IGCS. 393 on 18 September 2019. Downloaded from Enrollment is ongoing globally. ClinicalTrials. gov identifier: NCT03635567. Uterine Cancer Including Sarcoma IGCS19-0081 394 SENTINEL LYMPH NODE MAPPING VS SYSTEMATIC LYMPHADENECTOMY FOR ENDOMETRIAL CANCER: SURGICAL MORBIDITY AND LYMPHATIC COMPLICATIONS 1 G Accorsi*, 2 10. 1136/ijgc-2019-IGCS. 394 Objectives Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mappinghas been pro- ven to accurately stage endometrial cancer (EC). However, there is a lack of studies comparing the incidence of complica- tions between different lymph node approaches in EC. Our objective is to define the complication rates of SLN biopsy in EC patients.
Measurements of Leaf Growth Related Traits for Dose Response Analyses During experiment A, for each of the six drought scenarios, leaf production-related traits were measured over time (three times a week) on each individual plant by counting the number of visible leaves on the first sympodial unit. The final number of leaves of the first sympodial unit was the number of leaves when it did not change anymore between two consecutive dates. Leaf emergence rate was calculated as the slope of the relationship between the number of leaves and time after the first leaf emergence. When all compound leaves of the first sympodial unit had reached their final size (as checked by daily measurements of the length of the last emerged leaflet), each leaf was cut at the base of its rachis and scanned. Areas of individual leaflets were measured on the leaf scans with the ImageJ image analysis software (Wayne Rasband, National Institutes of Health, USA).
Imprints were done with a toothpaste (Coltene President Light Body Surface Activated, Patterson Dental, Detroit MI) as detailed in  [51]. After drying for one minute the toothpaste was delicately removed from the leaflet surface. Nail varnish was then spread on the toothpaste, peeled off one minute later, and immediately stuck on a microscope slide with one sided adhesive. Whatever the method (nail varnish which was destructive or toothpaste which was non-destructive), all imprints were placed under a microscope (Leitz DM RB; Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) coupled to the ImageJ image analysis software. For each leaflet, epidermal cell area was obtained by drawing cells in nine zones of the leaflet: three at the base, three in the middle, and three at the tip. The mean epidermal cell number per leaflet was calculated as the ratio between mean leaflet area and mean leaflet epidermal cell area (considering all three zones).
Funding: This project was supported by  Agropolis Fondation  under the reference Project- 1403-032  through the  « Investissements d'avenir » programme (Labex Agro :  ANR-10-LABX-0001-01 ). Adaptation of the PHENOPSIS platform to host large pots was supported by the  GEPETOs2015  project ( Région Languedoc Roussillon-FEDER  funds).
Here, we investigated how slow life histories with an implicit high level of investment in somatic maintenance are associated with a negligible actuarial senescence in a clade of salamanders from the Western Palearctic (known as the "true salamanders"). We used both unpublished and published capture-recapture data for our analyses. First, we analyzed novel demographic data from a poorly known Mediterranean salamander (Lyciasalamandra fazilae) and verified that this species had a slow life history (i. e. , high adult survival and low recruitment) consistent with the other species of true salamanders  (Warburg 2007 , Sinsch et al. 2017). Then, we examined senescence patterns in L. fazilae and two others species, Salamandrina perspicillata and Salamandra Salamandra, from western Europe. We expected negligible senescence in the three taxa and hypothesized that this pattern was consistent among populations.
A detailed description of the study area can be found in  Olgun et al. (2001). Several capture-recapture sessions (in February, March, and April) were carried out each year. The salamanders were captured by hand, and were then released back the place where they were initially caught after being marked using pit-tags, identified, and measured. The sex of the individuals was assessed using secondary sexual characters  (Olgun et al. 2001). Juveniles were not included in the analysis because only 12 juveniles were encountered during the study but never recaptured. Furthermore, due to small size of the dataset (133 individuals marked), we grouped the two sexes in analyses to avoid model overparameterization. We assumed that sex should have a little influence on adult survival as males and females present the same age structure in the population  (Olgun et al.
2001). Body size of salamanders was determined by measuring snout-vent-length (SVL): individuals were measured from the tip of the snout to the posterior margin of the vent. We used the size data in multievent models to estimate size-dependent survival. We also benefited from age data assessed using skeletochronological analyses for individuals marked over the period 1999-2003  (Olgun et al. 2001). Those age data were included in Colchero's models  (Colchero et al. 2012a (Colchero et al. , 2012b) )  to examine age-dependent survival and mortality rate.
A small individual can become a large individual with a probability   or remain in the same class with a probability 1-  , leading to the following matrix: [ 1 -𝛿 𝑠 𝛿 𝑠 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 ] The last component of the model links observation to states. Small and large individual can be captured with a probability   or   , which results in the following matrix: [ 1 -𝑝 𝑠 𝑝 𝑠 0 1 -𝑝 𝑙 0 𝑝 𝑙 1 0 0 ] This parameterization was implemented in the program E-SURGE  (Choquet et al. 2009 ). We ranked models using AICc and Akaike weights (w). If the Akaike weight of the best supported model was less than 0. 9, we used model-averaging to obtain parameter estimates. We examined our hypotheses about survival and recapture probability from the following general model [φ(size), (. ), p(t + size)]. The effects considered in the models were size and year (t).
Age-dependent survival and senescence patterns in true salamanders Capture-recapture data To estimate age-dependent survival and senescence, we re-analysed two data sets of true salamanders that were analysed previously. The capture-recapture data of S. perspicillata was collected over a 9-year period  (1998) (1999) (2000) (2001) (2002) (2003) (2004) (2005) (2006)  in a population of central Italy, Monti Lepini, Latium  (Angelini et al. 2010). The capture-recapture data of S. salamandra were collected in two populations from southern France (Ardèche region, pop1) and northwestern Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen, pop2). Pop1 and pop2 were surveyed over  8-years (2008-2015)  and  21-years (1965-1985)  period, respectively  (Cayuela et al. 2017 , Schmidt et al. 2005). A summary of the agedependent capture-recapture data in the four populations of salamanders is provided in Supplementary material, Table  S1.
Age-dependent survival and mortality rate We investigated actuarial senescence patterns in the three salamander species using Bayesian survival trajectory analyses implemented in the R package BaSTA  (Colchero et al. 2012a (Colchero et al. , 2012b)). BaSTA allowed us to account for imperfect detection, left-truncated (i. e. , unknown birth date) and right-censored (i. e. , unknown death date) capture-recapture data in our analysis. It allows estimation of two parameters: survival until a given age and mortality rate (i. e. , hazard rate) at a given age. Given the results of previous analyses  (Schmidt et al. 2005 , Angelini et al. 2010 , Cayuela et al. 2017) , we allowed recapture probabilities to vary among years. As the study period and number of survey years differ among populations (Supplementary material, Table  S1 ), the four populations and species were analyzed separately.
2012a) , which was the case in the four datasets considered in our study. A long lifespan, a high level of iteroparity, and a low fecundity appear to be closely associated with negligible actuarial senescence in true salamanders. This pattern is congruent with the results of  Jones et al. (2008)  showing that senescence rate is negatively correlated with generation time and age at primiparity, and is positively associated with maximum fecundity in endotherm vertebrates; the opposite relationships were detected with the age at senescence onset. Contrary to other amniotes, salamanders have high regenerative capacities and are able to retain near perfect regeneration of most organs and appendages (e. g. , spinal cord, heart, brain, skin, digit, and lens) well into adulthood  (Seifert & Voss 2013).
Population We carried out a case control study (NCT02405468) in which control patients (n=103) were at high cardiovascular risk as defined by the presence of at least 2 of the following risk factors: treated dyslipidemia, treated hypertension, treated diabetes mellitus, or current smoking (>1 cigarette per day). All patients were recruited in the cardiology department of Toulouse Teaching Hospital in France. Control patients were free of coronary disease on the basis of a stress test or coronary angiogram. Exclusion criteria for both groups included the following: infectious disease within 1 week before the inclusion, immunocompromised patients, antibiotic treatment within 1 month before the inclusion, chronic viral infection, chronic inflammatory intestinal bowel disease, renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate <50 mL/min per 1.
73 m 2 ), and pregnancy. The case patients (n=99) had a history of MI. A majority (96/99; 97%) were included within 6 days after the acute ischemic event. Demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics were recorded, and a blood sample was drawn. Coronary data were available for all patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was available at inclusion for 94 cases. Patients with missing LVEF or LDL concentration were excluded from microbiota analysis regarding these variables but not from the other analyses. Informed consent in writing was obtained from each patient. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and with INSERM (Institut national de la sant e et de la recherche m edicale) and Toulouse Hospital guidelines.
4 (SAS Institute Inc. , Cary, NC), the R environment version 3. 3. 1, or Prism version 7. 04 (GraphPad Software Inc. , La Jolla, CA). The main features of cases and controls were first compared using the chi-square test (or the Fisher exact test if necessary) for categorical variables and Students t test for continuous variables. When the distribution of the continuous variables departed from normality (triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, blood bacterial concentration, alpha diversity, and bacterial taxa relative proportions), the Mann-Whitney (2 biological groups) or Kruskal-Wallis (more than 2 biological groups) tests were used instead. Linear regression models were built to test the association between case/control status and 16S rDNA concentration, alpha diversity, or taxa relative proportion, with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, serum high-density lipoprotein and LDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and history of treated cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus).
Blood Bacterial 16S rDNA Concentration Is Increased in MI Patients To assess whether blood bacterial DNA was quantitatively altered in patients who underwent MI, we measured the blood 16S rDNA concentration by qPCR in control and case patients. A 1. 31-fold significant increase (P<0. 0001) in 16S rDNA concentration was observed in the blood of cases compared with controls (Table  2  and Figure 1A ). To take into account the difference between the 2 populations (summarized in Table  1 ), we also applied the analysis on data after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, cardiovascular risk factors, and smoking status. After this adjustment, blood bacterial 16S rDNA concentration remained significantly increased (Table  2  and Table  S2 ). No correlation was observed in case patients between blood bacterial 16S rDNA and left ventricular dysfunction at admission (data not shown).
Mikko Honkasalo has taken part in ATTD congresses twice with funding from Medtronic to his working place. He also has participated in scientific education funded by Medtronic. Compliance with Ethics Guidelines. This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Data Availability. The datasets during and/ or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4. 0 International License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/ by-nc/4. 0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding. Medtronic International Sarl provided funding for the analysis and the article processing charges associated with the preparation of this manuscript. All authors had full access to all of the data in this study and take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. Authorship. All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this article, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given their approval for this version to be published.
In order to ensure that each photo captured the same amount of visual field, a camera was attached to a tripod (eye level). Once the photos were gathered, each of them was analysed to convene the measurements of the sub-indicators such as colour, façade, urban furniture and pavement. The photos were compiled, and a computer program (Photoshop) was used to analyse them precisely. The main disadvantage of the method proposed by  Porta and Renne (2005)  is that it could be considered subjective since the measurements are based on personal judgments. In an attempt to make it more objective, the measurements were assessed using a software program for the colour indicator while, for the others, a group of five experts (all architects) appraised and categorised the photos separately. The origin and cultural backgrounds of the experts range from Africa, Asia, Europe, America and Oceania.
Microplastics were separated from other materials (present in the supernatant) and classified under a Boeco™ zoom stereo microscope and a Nikon™ binocular microscope (10-40x). We used the criteria suggested by Norén (2007) to identify microplastics. However, items of doubtful origin were analysed with a FT-IR Spectrophotometer in order to confirm (or reject) their plastic composition  (Frias et al. 2014; Li et al. 2016 ). Spectra ranges were set at 4000-400 cm -1 , using the IRsolution Agent software. The resulting spectra were directly compared with the reference library databases. Microplastics were classified in Styrofoam (trademarked brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam), hard plastic, film, fiber and fiber-roll (very large fibers twisted), according to  Castañeda et al. (2014)  and  Gündoğdu and Çevik (2017).
Immunofluorescence For immunofluorescence, cells were grown on glass coverslips, fixed in 3. 3% paraformaldehyde for 30 min at room temperature (RT), permeabilized with 0. 2% Triton X-100 for 5 min, blocked with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 0. 2% gelatin and 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 30 min at RT, and incubated with anti-mouse cytochrome C (1/500 BD Bioscience) antibody in PBS 2% BSA for 3 h at RT. After washing, cells were incubated in the presence of a biotinylated anti-mouse secondary antibody conjugated to Alexa 594 (1:400) for 1 h at RT. After washing, coverslips were mounted in Cytifluor (Amersham Biosciences), detection of the fluorescence was performed with a Leica DMR fluorescence microscope, and images were recorded using RSImage software.
Funding MMCP was a recipient of mobility doctoral fellowship from the Brazilian research funding agencies  CNPq  and  CAPES  as part of the  Science without Borders Program  ( 205191/2014-2 ). This study was supported by the Brazilian research funding agencies  CNPq  ( 472651/2012-9 ) and  CAPES , and by grants from the  Fondation ARC ,  Fondation de France , the  ANR , the  INCA, la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer  (équipe labellisée LNCC), and  Cancéropôle PACA. The laboratory is funded by the  Centre A. Lacassagne, CNRS  and  INSERM. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analyses, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Acknowledgments This work has been performed in the  SIBALI  project in the framework of the  CEA program  " Plan de couplage DRF-DRT " The authors want to thank  Dr. Anass Benayad  for XPS measurements. They want to thank  B. S. student Juliette Tiberghien  and PhD student  Gauthier Menassol  for preliminary works on isoindigo derivatives. We also want to thank PhD student  Olivier Bardagot ,  Dr. Cyril Aumaitre  and  Yann Kervella  for their advices concerning polymer synthesis. Finally authors are grateful to  Aurélie Habert  for XRD measurements and carbon content evaluation in Si@C nanoparticles.
500) were retrieved from ISS samples with the universal approach (Fig. 1 ). The signatures belonged to 377 genera, with Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus as dominant taxa (Fig. 1 , Supplementary Fig. 1 , Supplementary Data 1). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were found to be the predominant bacterial phyla (all samples), whereas archaeal signatures (Woesearchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, and Euryarchaeota) were frequently detected in air (Cupola air: 14. 1% and Columbus air session B: 3. 6% of all sequences) and on various surfaces (Fig. 1 ). By the Archaea-targeting approach, mostly gut associated Methanobrevibacter sequences (surface Cupola, Waste and Hygiene Compartment), Woesearchaeota (ATU; hand grips Columbus), and unclassified Archaea (ATU, dining table) were detected.
, dining area), and an antibiotic transport system permease protein for the cupola area. This indicated a potential microbial competition and a relevance of transition metal components (e. g. , from ISS materials) for the microbial community in these environments. For shotgun metagenomics, samples were pooled according to session and location (module). The taxonomic composition as retrieved from metagenomics was found to be somewhat different to the amplicon-based analysis. In particular the predominance of Propionibacterium reads was striking, as these signatures were not well reflected in the amplicon approach (Fig. 4 ; Supplementary Data 2). However, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus could be confirmed, also in the shotgun metagenomics data set, as omnipresent on all sampled surfaces of the ISS.