dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the  Pierre Auger Observatory  would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina -Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica ;  Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) ;  Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ;  Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza ;  Municipalidad de Malargüe ;  NDM Holdings  and  Valle Las Leñas ; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia -the  Australian Research Council; Brazil -Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) ;  Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP) ;  Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) ;  São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)  Grants No.
2010/07359-6  and No. 1999/05404-3 ;  Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (MCTIC) ;  Czech Republic -Grant  No. MSMT CR LTT18004 ,  LO1305 ,  LM2015038  and  CZ. 02. 1. 01/0. 0/0. 0/16013/0001402 ;  France -Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS ;  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ;  Conseil Régional Ile-de-France ;  Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire  ( PNC-IN2P3/CNRS );  Département Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS) ;  Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP)  Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63  within the  Investissements d'Avenir Programme  Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 ;  Germany -Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) ;  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) ;  Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg ;  Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP) ;  Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF) ;  Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen ;  Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Württemberg; Italy -Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ;  Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) ;  Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universitá e della Ricerca (MIUR) ;  CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE) ;  México -Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)  No.
Experimental design For GNP and PPIX containing phantoms green diode laser (532 nm, 30 mW BIOSPEC, Russia) was used. For GNS and PPIX containing phantoms HeNe laser (632. 8 nm, 30 mW BIOSPEC, Russia) was used. Both lasers correspond to Q-bands of PPIX absorbance. Signal was analyzed by LESA-01-Biospec spectrometer (BIOSPEC, Russia). The multifiber probe with six source-detector separations (SDS) was used. Distances 261, 344, 500, 778, 1041, 1290 µm between source and detector were used for collection the back scattered light. For 532 nm excitation, the detection range was 500-800 nm, for 632. 8 nm -600-800 nm. The setup and description of the fiber and its parameters are presented on the figure  2. Laser is connected to the multifiber probe with six different SDS. The diffuse-reflected light and fluorescent signal are collected by the receiving fibers, then transferred to spectrometer and analyzed by UnoMomento software (BIOSPEC, Russia).
Therefore, 1 h was selected as the minimum incubation time required for a robust maximum signal (data not shown). Grafting Yield and Stability. In order to achieve a precise amount of biomolecules grafted on the beads, the yield of grafting of MB with various molecules was evaluated. For this purpose, consecutive grafting procedures of MB with  biotinylated molecules were carried out. After the first grafting, the supernatant was recovered and used again in a fresh MB suspension. This allows the molecules that have not been bound during the first grafting procedure to graft during the second grafting procedure. The saturation rate of MB of each step was estimated with the bt-HRP assay. Figure  3  shows percentages of saturation after the two MB grafting procedures for three model molecules (biotin, bt-VEGF 95 and bt-BSA) at different concentrations.
Evidence from 9 studies collected in PubMed database (representing a total of 175 cases) focusing on clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging domains in childhood DM1 is considered and similarities or differences between childhood DM1 and ASD are identified. Highlighting what is known about the neurocognitive features specific to the childhood-onset form of DM1 could help (1) propose early screening regarding socio-emotional and attentional/executive functions or (2) implement therapeutic programs based on reinforcement of executive skills or social cognition.
Sequence analysis 28S rDNA sequences of Madapolystoma spp. that were reported in  Verneau et al. (2009b)  and  Berthier et al. (2014)  were obtained from Genbank (Table  1 ). Sequences of K. manampoka, Eupolystoma alluaudi (de  Beauchamp, 1913)  and  Eupolystoma vanasi Du Preez et al. , 2003,  were also selected for rooting the tree according to  Raharivololoniaina et al. (2011). Sequence alignment was done with the help of ClustalW  (Thompson et al. , 1994)  implemented in the MEGA software version 7  (Kumar et al. , 2016)  with regard to the 28S ribosomal secondary structure defined for polystome species  (Badets et al. , 2011; Héritier et al. , 2015). To depict the relationships within Madapolystoma, a Minimum Evolution (ME) tree was inferred from the MEGA software, based upon the calculation of the Kimura 2-parameter distance after excluding gaps and partially sequenced regions in the final alignment (complete deletion option).
Morphology and morphometry Specimens were examined using a Nikon NiE compound microscope (Nikon, Netherlands) fitted with a Nikon DS-Ri1 digital camera. Morphological structures and organs were measured in micrometres using a Nikon NIS elements D software program. Marginal hooklets were measured and plotted according to the procedure of Du  Preez and Maritz (2006) , in order to discriminate distinct species.
Acknowledgements We are indebted to  Miguel Vences ,  Liliane Raharivololoniaina  and  Malagasy  students for support and assistance during fieldwork and to  Les Minter  for commenting on the manuscript. We are grateful to the Malagasy authorities, in particular the Direction des Eaux et Forêts and  Madagascar National Parks , for providing permits for research, collection, and export of specimens. We are indebted to theNational  Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa  (grant no. 61253 ) for financial support. Any opinion, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and therefore the NRF does not accept any liability in regard thereto.
Retinal Histology Retinal histology was done as described previously  (Chang et al. , 2011; Rossignol et al. , 2014). The retinal tissue sections were scanned for evidence of gross defects at 1DPN and at 1, 3 and 6 months old. For the other adult ages, retinal thickness of the total retina (Ret), Outer Nuclear Layer (ONL), Outer Plexiform Layer (OPL), Inner Nuclear Layer (INL) and Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL) were measured. In each retinal section, the measurement of thickness was made at 0. 78 mm and 1. 56 mm from the optic nerve to the inferior and to the superior ora serrata. All these results of measurements were then averaged per experimental groups. All measurements were performed with a Leica microscope (×40, Leica, Paris, France) and the ImageJ image processing program (National Institute of Health).
Optical Coherence Tomography-OCT Mice were anesthetized (Ketamine at 20 mg/ml and Xylazine at 1. 17 162 mg/ml) and their pupils dilated with 10% phenylephrine and 0. 5% tropicamide provided as eye drops (Systane Ultra, Alcon). OCT was performed for mouse retinas with the spectral domain (SD) ophthalmic imaging system as described previously  (Jagodzinska et al. , 2017). Thickness of retinal layers was measured manually with ImageJ image processing program (National Institute of Health) at 0. 3 mm distance from the optic nerve.
Quantitative RT-PCR Quantitative RT-PCR was performed using Taqman technologies (Applied technologies) as described previously  (Rossignol et al. , 2014). Briefly, total RNA was isolated from WT and Fmr1 -/y retinas using Trizol reagent (Ambion, Life Technologies), quantified and reverse transcripted (Superscript iii reverse transcriptase, Invitrogen, Life Technologies). Real-time PCR reactions were performed in the Mx3005P Agilent (Applied, Life Technologies) with fivefold dilution of cDNA, 200 nM of each Taqman primer using the Expression Master Mix (Applied, Life Technologies). Data were analyzed by ∆∆Ct method and normalized to the reference standard RNA 18S. Each measurement was performed three times.
s. m -2 )) we calculated the saturated b-wave amplitude (B max ) and the n parameter (representing the b-wave sensitivity curves slope). Ratio B max /A max was also calculated. (B) OPs result in the ascending part of the b-wave. OPs were recorded by using a band-pass between 30 Hz and 300 Hz. For each OPs, the amplitude from the baseline to the peak and the latency were calculated. Data are presented as Mean ± SEM. Significant differences between WT and Fmr1 -/y for one age time are noted by * p < 0. 05; * * p < 0. 01; * * * p < 0. 001; * * * * p < 0. 0001. p = 0. 5537; OP2: F a,g(1,74) = 0. 1382, p = 0. 2431; OP3: F a,g(1,82) = 3. 514, p = 0. 0644; OP4: F a,g(1,80) = 2. 814, p = 0. 0974). Moreover, no effect of age was observed (OP1: F a(1,82) = 3. 638, p = 0. 0603; OP2: F a(1,82) = 0. 1451, p = 0.
For this experiment, N-beam dynamical simulations were performed using Java Electron Microscope Simulation (JEMS) software  27  while a homemade Hough transform code was implemented in Gatan Digital Micrograph. All the experimental CBED patterns were acquired in the [230] zone axis and were zero loss filtered with a 10 eV energy window. In addition to the lattice parameter, HOLZ line positions are also sensitive to the TEM accelerating voltage. Therefore, a CBED pattern obtained in the undoped (and undistorted) substrate at a depth of ∼300 nm was initially simulated to determine the precise acceleration voltage of the e-beam (found equal to 299. 1 kV, cf. Fig. SI-1 of the supplementary material)  28  and then used as a reference for the strain measurements. In CBED, the perpendicular strain in the doped region ε ⊥(CBED) is measured with respect to the undoped Ge substrate lattice parameter a Ge instead of the relaxed lattice parameter a rel [cf.
More UHECR events and statistics recorded by Hires and by Auger array detectors had shown, on the 2000s, the expected UHECR GZK-like cutoff. Later on 2007 a first Auger map of 26 UHECR events led most authors to claim a first correlation with the Super Galactic (SG) local plane (located as foreseen in a GZK volume). However, a few years later, with the additional UHECR data the loss of any UHECR SG correlation drove to an undistinguished cosmic source location; few clustered multiplets of UHECR events at twenty EeV, around Cen A had been foreseen and observed in the triennium, 2009-2011. The more recent results, with unprecedented statistics, of the slant depth of the shower maximum, X max , in the years of 2013 -2015, from Auger and Telescope Array (TA) ultimately convinced most authors that UHECR above 10 EeV are mainly light and lightest nuclei.
A final UHECR astronomy? The article structure The discovery of Cosmic Rays (CR) in the last century motivated many experiment groups to accumulate, with great efforts, steady and large data records aiming at determining its charged nuclear nature, its spectra and composition. The (mysterious) absence of any cosmic magnetic monopoles reflects into the presence of large scale (planetary, stellar, galactic, cosmic) magnetic fields. The charged nuclei or nucleon in CR are therefore easily deflected by the astrophysical magnetic fields via Lorentz forces. Therefore, CR are loosing their primordial directionality. However, the CR of the highest energies above 10 19 eV (tens EeV), if protons, suffer less and less from deflection promising a geometrical connection with their original sources. The Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) neutrons are neutral and un-deflected but bounded by instability within a very narrow cosmic radius: M pc E n 10 20 eV.
The UHECR Lightest Nuclei smeared imprint Since the 2007 Auger article there were three additional, not secondary messages, requesting a lightest UHECR nature: the Cen A unique clustering and its angular size spread (nearly ten degree size); the Cen A distance ( 3. 8M pc) is well consistent with UHECR lightest nuclei survival distance, see Fig. 5 ; Cen A is the brightest radio, nearest and brightest gamma AGN candidate source. Both messages (the Cen A few Mpc distance and its angular deviation) are consistent with lightest nuclei deflection. The third hint for the UHECR lightest nuclei nature was derived by Auger the deviation of UHECR average depth of the shower maximum (X max for short) from a proton like toward a light nuclei model signature. Therefore, while since 2007 the main stream of models for UHECR was preferring an hybrid iron and proton composition, we preferred UHECR As the previous map, here we show the same celestial coordinates map for UHECR with underline hot spot clustering and individual events (by Auger, blue dots, TA, red and green dots) whose data have been published  [21].
Future additional data might better confirm this solution; a weaker UHECR clustering tail might be connecting the UHECR main spot to its optical gamma location. More data and composition signature are necessary, of course, to be sure that this it is the correct interpretation. 7. 4 Conclusions: The 3C 454, Z-Burst model and the cosmic relic sterile neutrino? Finally a main cornerstone for an exciting new physics might be linked with the 3C 454 AGN clustering of UHECR events (see Fig. 7  in this paper and also Fig. 5 , arrow A in  [13] ). Also Mrk 421 and PKS 0208-512 may play such a role in additional two hot spots. Such a far source (3C 454) is near 2. 5 Giga-parsec distance, almost 50 times above the most penetrating proton UHECR (and almost thousand times the GZK He survival distance): there is no way to reach directly to us overcoming the exponential ( e -50 ) GZK cutoff.
, Asnières, France). A citrated blood sample was incubated with either prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) or PGE1 and ADP for 10 min, fixed with paraformaldehyde, and the platelets were then permeabilized with a non-ionic detergent. The cells were labeled with a primary monoclonal antibody against serine 239-phosphorylated VASP (16C2), followed by a secondary fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated polyclonal goat-anti-mouse antibody. Analyses were performed on  venous aspirin (125 -250 mg) and 50 -100 IU/Kg of unfractionated heparin to target an ACT ＞250 s. GPⅡbⅢa inhibitors, mainly Abciximab, were used at the operators' discretion. Data was extracted from our database. The whole cohort of 730 patients was split into two subgroups: clopidogrel responders and prasugrel/ticagrelor. The clopidogrel responder group included clopidogrel-treated patients with a PRI value ＜61% following a 300 -600 mg loading dose.
Analysis confirmed that the strategy of appropriate inhibition by clopidogrel did not significantly incr-clopidogrel or new P2Y12 inhibitors  30, 33)  , yet with conflicting results. It must be emphasized that the platelet inhibition extent was not assessed in these studies. In the studies by Alexopoulos, the switch from clopidogrel to new P2Y12 inhibitors was associated with reduced thrombotic MACE at the price of an increased bleeding rate  33). In the TRANSLATE ACS trial, death was more commonly observed in patients who pursued clopidogrel compared to those who switched to prasugrel or ticagrelor, whereas MACE, stroke, and recurrent MI risk did not significantly differ. After adjusting for confounding factors, the mortality rate was however lowered  30). Study data was first analyzed in the whole cohort reduction in minor bleedings, without any impact on major bleedings.
The analysis of DNA methylation has become routine in the pipeline for diagnosis of imprinting disorders, with many publications reporting aberrant methylation associated with imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs). However, comparisons between these studies are routinely hampered by the lack of consistency in reporting sites of methylation evaluated. To avoid confusion surrounding nomenclature, special care is needed to communicate results accurately, especially between scientists and other health care professionals. Within the European Network for Human Congenital Imprinting Disorders we have discussed these issues and designed a nomenclature for naming imprinted DMRs as well as for reporting methylation values. We apply these recommendations for imprinted DMRs that are commonly assayed in clinical laboratories and show how they support standardized database submission.
Consensus for names of imprinted DMR From the earliest days of the molecular descriptions of imprinting aberrations it became obvious that recording methylation defects would be challenging. This was evident simply because some imprinted genes have historically had multiple names, since many were identified simultaneously by independent groups who have termed the transcripts and DMRs differently. This is exemplified by the maternally methylated region overlapping the promoter of KCNQ1OT1 within intron 10 of KCNQ1 on chromosome 11, which has more than five aliases (Table  1 ). Ultimately, this causes confusion when crossreferencing original literature and modern databases. To improve this situation, the 41 EUCID members from 22 countries, have developed a uniform nomenclature system for reporting methylation aberrations.
Each network slice is composed of an allocated data rate over a coverage area (which is mapped by the cSD-RAN (centralised Software-Defined RAN) Controller to a portion of CESC radio resources) and an allocated of cloud resources (which is mapped to processing power/storage capabilities in the Edge DC). For the service of Public Safety organisations, normal operations require a certain amount of access capacity and communications features (e. g. , group communications capabilities) supported in the area of the CESC cluster. This requirement will be "mapped" to a number of radio Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in the CESCs and the deployment of Group Communication service instances at the edge for multimedia and missioncritical Application Servers (AS) for voice with enhanced responsiveness.
Patients We included consecutive patients undergoing noncardiac surgery at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, who were eligible for the institutional routine hs-cTn monitoring program and provided written general consent to registration in a dedicated prospective database. Because the monitoring program was institutional routine, patients did not specifically consent to this standard of care. The study was approved by the local ethics committee (NCT02573532). Routine screening for PMI was implemented in October 2014 as part of the standard of care for high-risk patients undergoing inpatient noncardiac surgery. Patients were screened if they had a planned hospital stay exceeding 24 hours after surgery and were considered at increased mortality risk, defined as ≥65 years of age, or ≥45 years with history of coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, or stroke.
Plasma concentrations of hs-cTnT were measured within 30 days before surgery and on postoperative days 1 and 2, and later if clinically indicated. Screening was implemented for patients undergoing visceral, orthopedic, trauma, vascular, urologic, spinal, and thoracic surgical procedures. To improve compliance with the screening program, clinicians were alerted automatically of eligibility to the program based on the electronic health records. Serial hs-cTnT measurements were ordered by the treating anesthesiologist. Patients underwent hs-cTnT monitoring and were registered into the database multiple times if a minimum of 5 days had elapsed between procedures.
Data Collection The Revised Cardiac Risk Index was calculated for all patients. 15 The cardiovascular risk of surgery was classified as proposed by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Anaesthesiology. 7 During the hospitalization period, we recorded complications (sepsis, stroke, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, postoperative delirium). Patient symptoms during PMI were extracted from the cardiology consultation report if available, or from electronic health records from the day first exceeding the hs-cTnT-delta threshold of ≥14 ng/L. Recommendations given in the cardiology consultations were collected from the electronic health records. During follow-up, patients were contacted after 1 year by mail or telephone, and local death registries checked. In case of suspicion of an outcome event, study personnel requested reports from the general practitioners, treating facilities, or death registries.
Hs-cTnT Investigations To explore the association of absolute hs-cTnT increase and maximum postoperative hs-cTnT level within 7 days of surgery with 30-day mortality, we plotted 30-day mortality according to the increase in and maximum postoperative levels of hs-cTnT using a Loess function using 97. 5% of data points. To evaluate the interaction of preoperative elevations in hs-cTnT ≥14 ng/L and PMI, we classified the patients according to PMI status and presence of preoperative hs-cTnT elevation, and constructed Kaplan-Meier curves. Analysis was done using SPSS 22 and R 3. 3 (survival, survminer).
Incidence of PMI PMI occurred after 397 of 2546 surgeries (16%; 95% CI, 14%-17%). Patients with PMI had more cardiovascular comorbidities and, consequently, a higher Revised Cardiac Risk Index, and a higher rate of nonelective surgery (Table  1 ). The incidence of PMI increased with higher European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Anaesthesiology risk category of the surgical procedure from 9% in the lowest to 25% in the highest category (Table  II  in the online-only Data Supplement). The majority of patients with PMI, 325 of 397 (82%), did not show any ischemic symptoms, and chest pain was only present in 24 of 397 (6%). ECG findings suggestive of myocardial ischemia, especially ST-segment depression or T-wave inversion, were observed in 60 of 244 (24%) of ECGs performed. Together with an additional 7 patients showing evidence of loss of viable myocardium on imaging, overall only 117 of 397 (29%) of patients fulfilled any of the additional criteria required for spontaneous AMI (Table  2 ).
Limitations The following limitations should be considered when interpreting these findings. First, there is no universally accepted definition of PMI. The absolute hs-cTnT change criteria used to define PMI in this study are, at large, arbitrary. Although the hs-cTn cutoff criteria for spontaneous MI (99th percentile of healthy individuals) also are arbitrary, they are widely accepted and based on broad consensus. Our criterion for PMI is supported by recent data from VISION, but still requires approval by expert groups. 8 Second, hs-cTnT was measured routinely in the first 2 days after surgery, and afterward only in case of clinical suspicion of MI. Therefore, a small number of asymptomatic PMIs occurring after the first days invariably were missed. Accordingly, our point estimates slightly underestimate the true incidence of PMI.