dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Because this study relies on data from the first wave of the pandemic, 29% (95/328) of the paediatric cases reported in the T21RS dataset had not been tested for COVID-19 but were symptomatic (Table  A1 ). For validation purposes, we further compared the data to those generated from participants who completed the T21RS survey during a later phase of the pandemic (22 October 2020, to 2 August 2021; 133 additional paediatric COVID-19 patients with DS). Figure  A1  shows the distribution of when COVID-19 patients with DS were entered into the T21RS database. The survey was implemented through REDCAP  [10, 11] , a survey and database management system, and was hosted at Emory University. The survey was disseminated through clinical routes (e. g. , Down Syndrome medical interest group listservs and health service providers), Down Syndrome associations in the US, India, Spain, UK, France, Italy, Germany, Brazil, and Spanish-speaking Latin America, and DS registries (e.
US COVID-NET Comparison Data To contrast the COVID-19-related signs, symptoms, and medical complications with those observed in the general population, we compared the hospitalised T21RS DS cases to published results from paediatric cases reported by the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalisation Surveillance Network (COVID-NET). COVID-NET is a US population-based surveillance system that collects data on laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated hospitalisations  [12]. From 1 March to 25 July 2020, 576 hospitalised paediatric COVID-19 cases were reported to the COVID-NET10.
Statistical Analyses We used descriptive statistics to show the demographic information, outcomes, and COVID-19 symptoms and comorbidities of the participants included in our analyses. Categorical data were described as frequencies (percentages), and quantitative variables were provided as the mean (SD) or median (IQR). We used Fisher's exact tests to compare characteristics of the COVID-NET controls to those observed in COVID-19 patients with DS. Due to limited data availability, we only had control data from the US (COVID-NET). To detect possible country-specific differences in the healthcare system and access to hospitals, we stratified the COVID-19 patients with DS from the T21RS survey by the income level of the country of residence. Countries were categorised as HICs (USA, Canada, Western Europe, Argentina, Australia) or LMICs (Brazil, India, Iran, Egypt, Belarus, South Africa, Mexico, Costa Rica, Bangladesh, Nepal) based on the World Bank income classification system  [13].
To identify risk factors associated with adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in children with DS, we estimated associations between potential risk factors and admission to hospital, diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and the presence of shortness of breath using logistic regression analyses. All association analyses were restricted to symptomatic COVID-19 cases from the T21RS survey data, controlling for data source (caregiver versus clinician survey), living situation, level of intellectual disability, age, gender, and country of residence. All data analyses were conducted using R (version 4. 0. 0).
Results This retrospective cohort study included 328 paediatric patients <18 years of age with DS and COVID-19. Of the individuals for whom we had relevant information, 38. 8% (127/325) were hospitalised. The mean age was 9. 55 (SD = 5. 24) years (8. 47 (SD = 4. 99) for non-hospitalised and 11. 37 (SD = 5. 07) for hospitalised respondents. Of the patients for whom country information was available, 42. 9% (137/319) were from India, 17. 6% (56/319) were from Brazil, 11. 3% (36/319) were from the UK, 9. 4% (30/319) were from the USA, 3. 8% (12/319) were from Spain, and 15% (48/319) were from other countries (Table  1 ). Note that some information was missing for certain patients; percentages reflect the portion of individuals for whom data were available. A description of the children's ethnicities stratified by country of residence is presented in Table  A2.
Data entered into the database during a later phase of the pandemic (October 22 to August 2, 2021). Medical complications among hospitalised individuals with and without Down Syndrome stratified by high-income and low to middle-income countries. Associations with age and gender were adjusted for the data source (caregiver versus clinician survey), and associations with living situation, level of IDD, and comorbidities were adjusted for age, gender, data source, and country of residence. Abbreviations: IDD, intellectual and developmental disabilities; ref, reference category.
Acknowledgments: The  Trisomy 21 Research Society COVID-19 Initiative developed the survey, with the financial and dissemination support of Down Syndrome Affiliates in Action (DSAIA), Down Syndrome Medical Interest Group-USA (DSMIG-USA ),  GiGi's Playhouse, Jerome Lejeune Foundation ,  LuMind IDSC Foundation , The  Matthew Foundation ,  National Down Syndrome Society (NDSS) , and the  National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices (NTG). These and other international  Down Syndrome  organisations are members of the  T21RS   COVID-19 stakeholders advisory group , which provided advice to inform the design of the survey questions and interpretation of results, including the  Global Down Syndrome Foundation (USA) ,  DSA (UK) ,  DSMIG (UK) ,  DSMIG (USA) ,  DSRF-UK, DSi , DSE international,  Trisomie21-France ,  Down España ,  National Down Syndrome Congress (NDSC) ,  Down Madrid ,  Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down (Spain) , EDSA,  Royal College of Psychiatrists, CoorDown (Italy) ,  Associazione Italiana Persone Down (AIPD; Italy) ,  AFRT (France) ,  Fundación Iberoamericana Down 21 (Spain) ,  FIADOWN  ( Latin America ),  Federação Brasileira  das  Associações de Síndrome de Down (Brazil)  and the  European Down Syndrome Association.
Funding: This work is supported by grants from the following bodies:  Down Syndrome Affiliates in Action, Down Syndrome Medical Interest Group-USA, GiGi's Playhouse ,  Jerome Lejeune Foundation ,  LuMind IDSC Foundation , The  Matthew Foundation ,  National Down Syndrome Society, National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices. AH is supported by the  HERCULES Center  ( NIEHS P30ES019776 ) and the  LuMind IDSC Foundation. The REDCap survey and database management system at  Emory University  was supported by  Library Information Technology Services  grant support ( UL1 TR000424 ). ACSC is supported by the  Alana USA Foundation ,  Awakening Angels Foundation , and the  Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). MD is supported by the  Centre for Genomic Regulation Severo Ochoa  excellence grant, the  CIBER of Rare Diseases , and  DURSI 2017SGR595 , and acknowledges the  Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MSIU)  to the EMBL partnership, the  Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa and CERCA (GenCat).
AS is supported by the  MRC  ( MR/S011277/1 ;  MR/S005145/1 ;  MR/R024901/1 ),  Lumind IDSC ,  The LeJeune Foundation  and the  European Commission  ( H2020   SC1 Gene overdosage and comorbidities during the early lifetime in Down Syndrome   GO-DS21-848077 ). ML was supported by the  National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre  based at  UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health/Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust ). The  Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB)  is a member of the  Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB) , funded by  ISCIII  and  EDER  ( PT17/0009/0014 ). The DCEXS is a " Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu ", funded by the  AEI  ( CEX2018-000782-M ). The GRIB is also supported by the  Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) ,  Generalitat de Catalunya  ( 2017 SGR 00519 ).
This study was also supported by the  Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitario (FIS) ,  Instituto de Salud Carlos III  ( PI18/00335  to  MCI ,  PI14/01126  and  PI17/01019  to JF), partly jointly funded by  Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ,  Unión Europea , Una manera de hacer Europa; the  Jérôme Lejeune Foundation  (No. 1319  Cycle  2019B  to MCI); the  National Institutes of Health  (NIA grants  1R01AG056850 -01A1 ;  R21AG056974  and  R01AG061566  to JF);  Departament de Salut de la Generalitat J. Clin. Med. 2021,  10 ,  5125 12  of  19 de Catalunya, Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut  ( SLT006/17/00119  to JF); and  Fundació La Marató de TV3  ( 20141210  to JF). Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the  Declaration of Helsinki , and approved by the  Institutional Review Boards  of the following institutions: Spain The study was approved by the  Hospital del Mar ethics committee (CEIC Parc de   Salut Mar ,  CEIM 2020/9197 ) United Kingdom The T21RS survey was approved by the  Health research agency (HRA)   20/HRA/2452.
Materials and methods We used the data from the representative HBSC cross-sectional studies of 2006, 2010 and 2014 on French adolescents from 11 to 15 years old. Details on the survey can be found at http:// www. hbsc. org. Briefly, the HBSC studies are cross sectional studies, repeated every 4 years, describing adolescent's well-being, health behaviors and their social context. Our sample consists of adolescents from 11 to 15 years old selected using the international standardized HBSC sampling protocol. A two-stages cluster sampling over schools (public and private) and classes (two classes by school) was used. We used only the French cases included in the HBSC international database, which targeted adolescents of 11, 13 and 15 years old. The full protocol of the HBSC studies has been described in previous articles and is designed to collect the most representative data and limit the risk of bias  [18] [19] [20].
The questionnaire includes mandatory international questions, optional international thematic questions, and some specific national questions. It was validated on around 100 adolescents prior to the study, and double checked for translation from English. The minimal sample size (around 4500 for each study) was determined by the international HBSC protocol. Information was collected over 2 months (22th April to 22th June in 2010) using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire. Data collectors were mostly teachers and nurses. The HBSC study received approval from the French data collection authority (CNIL) and the French ministry of education. Parents and students were given a consent form with the option to refuse before the adolescent's participation. Tooth brushing frequency was assessed using the question "How often do you brush your teeth?" with five levels of response: More than once a day, Once a day, At least once a week but not daily, Less than once a week, Never.
Background: ARSDS requires extensive resuscitation and has major physical sequelae. We evaluated the psychiatric sequelae by conducting a systematic review to determine prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following ARDS, as well as their risk factors. Methods: We conducted a search on Pubmed by including all studies meeting our primary endpoint (prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD following ARDS) and secondary endpoint (associated risk factors). Results: Included studies found prevalence ranging from 16 to 46% for symptoms of depression, 23 to 62% for symptoms of anxiety disorders and 16 to 47% for symptoms of PTSD. The data were too heterogeneous to conduct a meta-analysis. Among the risk factors associated with a risk factor of depression, anxiety disorders or PTSD after ARDS were; factors related to patient (as an history of mental illness) risk factors related to ICU management (as use opioids and benzodiazepine).
Search strategy A literature search was conducted using the following electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The search was done according to the following formula (acute respiratory distress syndrome OR acute lung injury) AND (depression OR anxiety OR posttraumatic stress disorder). The search was conducted without any article format, data, nor language restrictions, and included studies published until April 15, 2020. Other references were also identi ed through reading previous systematic reviews and in reading the bibliographies of the included studies.
Study selection and bias risk assessment The titles for the articles retrieved from the search were manually reviewed by two authors. Only abstracts of original investigations were included and we removed letters to the editor, reviews, abstracts only, and non-article formats. All abstracts were read by two people, and if the studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria after this reading, they were included in the nal analysis and read in their entirety in order to extract from them the primary and secondary judgment criteria. The references of all included articles and those from selected reviews were checked for relevancy. The following data were also extracted: year of publication, country in which the study was conducted, period of conduct of the study, inclusion and exclusion criteria, details on interventions, and characteristics of the studies.
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms We included 17 studies in the systematic review looking for the prevalence of symptoms of depression following ARDS in their population (n=3713). Data are summarized in Table  2. In qualitative analysis, a prevalence range of 16 to 46% was found across all studies and 25% to 39% in ECMO patients (Table  2 ). Unfortunately, the great heterogeneity of the data (highly different durations of observation to assess prevalence) did not allow to carry out the meta-analysis originally planned in the design of our review.
Prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder We included 12 studies in the systematic review looking for the prevalence of PTSD symptoms following ARDS in their population (n=3817). The data are summarized in Table  3. In qualitative analysis, a prevalence ranging from 16 to 47% was found across all studies. The prevalence was 16% to 47% in ECMO patients (Table  3 ). Co-occurrences of symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD Only 3 studies in our review examined the co-occurrences of the 3 mental illnesses studied and reported the following results: co-occurrence of symptoms of 2 mental illnesses fom 20 to 60%. [16, 19, 20] ; cooccurrence of symptoms of 3 mental illnesses from 20 to 40%. [16, 19]  A co-occurrence of symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders in 18% of patients, a co-occurrence of symptoms of anxiety disorders and PTSD in 22% of patients, and a co-occurrence of symptoms of depression and PTSD in 3% of patients were reported.
The objective of the analysis was to identify the early phases of epidemics, to predict subsequent phases and the shape of their evolution, while incorporating unreported cases into the transmission dynamics. Our contribution also aims to highlight the effectiveness of the implementation of major public policies that restrict social movement with the aim of achieving a time-dependent exponential decrease in the number of cases, supporting safe reopening strategies in the GCC countries. The observed data consist of the cumulative reported cases at time t, denoted by C(t), which corresponds to the total number of reported infectious cases up until time t. We assume that these cumulative cases recorded at time t consist of a constant fraction over time of the total number of infected cases up to time t in order to handle these data.
Furthermore, we assume that the removal rate  is the sum of the recovery numbers of the reported and unreported cases, following the form  =  1 +  2 , where  is the removal rate of reported infected individuals and  is the removal rate of infected individuals due to all other causes, such as mortality, recovery or other reasons (Figure  2 ). The observed data consist of the cumulative reported cases at time t, denoted by C(t), which corresponds to the total number of reported infectious cases up until time t. We assume that these cumulative cases recorded at time t consist of a constant fraction over time of the total number of infected cases up to time t in order to handle these data. Furthermore, we assume that the removal rate ν is the sum of the recovery numbers of the reported and unreported cases, following the form ν = ν 1 + ν 2 , where ν 1 is the removal rate of reported infected individuals and ν 2 is the removal rate of infected individuals due to all other causes, such as mortality, recovery or other reasons (Figure  2 ).
Data Analysis Electromyography EMG signals were full-wave rectified, filtered with a band-pass Butterworth filter (10-450 Hz) and smoothed (sliding window of 51 ms)  (Conforto et al. , 1999). Muscle onset was detected using an algorithm based on the work of  Lidierth (1986). The muscle was considered active when the mean amplitude of the EMG signal across the 50 following samples exceeded the baseline mean by 2 baseline standard deviations for more than 90 ms, without going below it for more than 15 ms. Baseline parameters were calculated on the 50 ms before the verbal signal was given. Movement start time, described below, was considered as the time origin and subtracted from the onset times obtained. Activity levels were calculated as the average rectified values (ARV) of the EMG signal for each phase, normalized by the ARV of the 3-s MVC signal.
[6]  found that occupants' comfort and productivity are influenced by eight IEQ factors, which are office layout, thermal comfort, indoor air quality, noise and acoustics, lighting, location and feel, location and amenities, biophilia, and views. Globally, there are several initiatives and databases to evaluate building performance and occupants' satisfaction in buildings such as the Center for Built Environment (CBE) in the United States, BOSS Methodology in the United Kingdom, and the Building Occupants Survey System Australia (BOSSA) in Australia. Additionally, the literature has several studies in which Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) was used to assess occupants' satisfaction with IEQ factors, economic value, and environmental performance  [27]. Among these studies, several studies were conducted in the office building environment  [7, 16, 21, [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37].
Both parts' items were selected from different resources in the literature. Table  1  shows examples of the references used to select the items. IEQ factors were taken from two main studies, which are Kim and de Dear  [34]  and Ren and Dai  [30] , who analyzed the CBE POE database and listed the 16 IEQ factors in their studies to assess the occupants' satisfaction in offices. The assessment of IEQ factors was based on a five-point Likert scale as follows: (1 = Strongly dissatisfied, 2 = Dissatisfied, 3 = Neutral, 4 = Satisfied, 5 = Strongly satisfied).
05 as a significance level, 0. 5 as a sample proportion, and a 6% margin of error, the needed sample size was found as 266 employees. n = Z 2 p(1 -p) Me 2 = 1. 96 2 × 0. 5 × 0. 5 (0. 06) 2 = 266 ( 1 ) where n is the needed sample size, Z is the critical value of the normal distribution at α/2, p is the sample proportion, and Me is the margin error. After distributing the questionnaire by hand and using emails to a group of employees in different governmental employees, 279 questionnaires were received and were valid for the study. After the data collection phases ended, the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. 0. The analysis of the data includes demographic profile using percentages and frequencies for non-IEQ factors (to describe the sample profile), assessing satisfaction levels with IEQ using means and standard deviations for IEQ factors, and testing the differences in IEQ assessment due to non-IEQ factors.
Conclusions In the work environment, occupants' satisfaction with the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is a critical factor that affects their health, well-being, job satisfaction and performance, and productivity  [6, 7, 16, 111]. Although considerable research has been devoted to study occupants' satisfaction in office buildings, little attention has been paid to occupants' satisfaction in governmental buildings, especially in the Middle East  [44]. Therefore, this study sought to present the assessment of the occupants' satisfaction with IEQ factors in the governmental buildings in the Kingdom of Bahrain. For this purpose, the study collected data from 279 employees in the Bahraini governmental buildings using the POE survey. The results of the study are summarized in Table  5. The study has the following conclusions: 1.
Although this methodology is highly adopted in the literature, there is still a need for more physical measurements such as the preferred temperature by occupants, air velocity, percentage of contaminants, etc. Additionally, there is a need for conducting more qualitative investigations to gain further insights from the participants. Therefore, future research can use more than one method to assess occupants' satisfaction. The second limitation is related to the duration of data collection; the data were collected in one round, which means that the findings might be affected by the mood of respondents at the time of data collection. Therefore, future research may use continuing POE in different phases. In this way, the employment of data from phase to phase would be more meaningful. However, the cost of the study would rise significantly.
Simple Summary: The increasing prevalence of cancer in nursing homes may be explained by the increased incidence of cancer associated with older age combined with treatment effectiveness leading to chronicity of cancer and functional decline related or not to cancer itself or its treatment. It represents a major challenge for paramedical staff poorly equipped to manage active cancer treatments and may be influenced by unconscious agism due to misconception of cancer care in the elderly. The ONCOPAD project aims to develop information and training programs for paramedical staff in nursing homes to demystify the management of cancer in the elderly and improve the quality of care outside the hospital and the quality of life of patients at each stage. Considering the need to adapt the program, a systematic scoping review of the current data was carried out to map educational strategies as well as cultural and ethical barriers associated with the treatment of cancer in nursing homes.
To identify relevant papers, the electronic databases Embase, CINAHL, and MEDLINE were searched until April 2021. Full details of the search strategy for all databases are given in the Supplementary Materials (Table  S1 ). A snowballing procedure was used to examine the references cited in the articles retrieved through the systematic search. Grey literature was also screened via Open Gray. The final search results were exported into Zotero (v5. 0. 94), and duplicates were removed. Two reviewers (Cy. F. , Cl. F. ) independently searched titles/abstracts for eligibility. Any disagreement between reviewers was resolved through discussion and a final agreement was reached. The reviewers assessed the full text of the articles retained after the title/abstract screening. Considering the exclusion of systematic scoping reviews from PROSPERO registration  [9] , this systematic analysis was not registered on any platform.