dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
A global transcription analysis reveals downregulation of SLC6A14 and an enhanced expression of miR-23b-3p in endocrine therapy resistant breast cancers, what correlates with a prosurvival autophagy and a selective upregulation of SLC1A2 and results in an increased uptake of Glu and Asp  (Bacci et al. , 2019). It should be added that miR-23b-3p expression is upregulated by a transcription factor GATA2, reported to promote progression of breast cancer  (Wang et al. , 2012). Also 4 other miRNA were predicted to regulate SLC6A14 in cancer, their role, however, has to be investigated  (Sikder et al. , 2017). Gene expression omnibus database analysis showed 13-to 163-fold increase of SLC6A14 expression in pancreatic tumors, when compared with normal pancreatic tissue, an increase much higher than the increase of expression of other amino acid transporters: SLC1A5, SLC7A5, SLC7A11  (Coothankandaswamy et al.
The microarray and RNAseq showed 15 SLC transporters being overexpressed when compared with the normal tissue; among them (apart from glucose transporter SLC2A1) lactate transporter SLC16A3 and SLC6A14, which was overexpressed at least 2-fold in cancer patients. This increase in mRNA was further confirmed at protein level and more than 75% of tumor cells were stained with anti-SLC6A14 antibody  (Penheiter et al. , 2015). Interestingly, the transporter was predominantly detected in the cytoplasm. Based on the data from Protein Atlas 2 survival prognosis at either low or high SLC6A14 expression level was found prognostic for pancreatic cancer, being unfavorable at high SLC6A14 expression (Table  2 ), although the cohorts were relatively small. Another study using an integrated microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes detected 596 upregulated and 540 downregulated genes in pancreatic cancer, when compared with non-tumor control  (Yang et al.
The fibers content effect on the PI stiffness was investigated trying to find good explanations about this finding. An effective CFs content is suggested inspired from the microscopic observations of Tsuji et al. 37  and Smith and Fazzalari  38  who noticed a non-well-arranged CFs in the PI region compared to others. The stress-strain behavior was reproduced under different amounts of effective CFs and the corresponding stiffness was calculated and compared to the experimental results in Fig. 2. The effective CFs content shows a high ability to describe the low PI rigidity. Lower effective CFs content induces a lower rigidity modulus and a lower slope of the stress-strain conduct. It is worth noticing that the model parameters were fitted using the uniaxial stretching data and the identified set of model parameters was used to generate the multiaxial predictions without any change or adjustment.
For this reason accurate experimentally-based fluid kinetics is required, which is the missing point of all available papers in the literature. The adopted fluid flow kinetics is defined by the Jacobian J as follows: in which J represents the tissue swelling function controling the fluid movement inside the disc under mechani- cal loading, n f m is the internal fluid content, is a dimensionless transportation coefficient, η is a dimensionless free swelling coefficient (equal to 0. 5 in the case of physiological salt condition) and n f m is the internal fluid content. The latter is controlled by: where β m is the fluid flow constant and n f lim is the maximum fluid content that could be reached inside the disc. The constitutive model has been implemented into the finite element code MSC. Marc by means of a set of subroutines.
(2016) , all these methods are based on the standard Kaiser & Squires method. In the near future, several wide and deep weak-lensing surveys are planned: Euclid  (Laureijs et al. 2011) , Large Synoptic Survey Telescope LSST (LSST Science  Collaboration et al. 2009) , and Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope WFIRST  (Green et al. 2012). In particular, the Euclid satellite will survey 15 000 deg 2 of the sky to map the geometry of the dark Universe. One of the goals of the Euclid mission is to produce convergence maps for non-Gaussianity studies and constrain cosmological parameters. To do this, two different mass inversion methods are being included into the official Euclid data processing pipeline. The first method is the standard Kaiser & Squires method (hereafter KS). Although it is well known that the KS method has several shortcomings, it is taken as the reference for crosschecking the results.
Reference lists of included reviews were checked for other relevant studies. Reviews not written in English, those that analysed digital interventions not meeting our definition of a mobile app (i. e. exclusive use of text messaging, interactive voice response, desktop applications, websites) or those that examined apps used for diagnosis, screening, risk assessment, primary prevention or health promotion were excluded from the analysis. In instances where no reviews for a particular condition could be found, individual studies were searched using the same search strategy and selection criteria, but excluding conference abstracts or case reports. Where multiple reviews dealing with the same topic were retrieved, the most recently published reviews were selected; other reviews were included if they provided additional informative data derived from thematic or subgroup analyses.
35 SR of 20 articles included: 7 unique usability studies from 8 reports, 12 unique clinical effectiveness studies (6 RCTs, 6 pre-post studies), high risk of bias Most studies used a diabetes app in conjunction with a website, healthcare provider feedback or Bluetooth-enabled devices such as glucometers and blood pressure monitors Study reports lacked details of the mobile devices used Clinical effectiveness: App use in all studies decreased HbA1c, ranging from 0. 15 to 1. 9% from baseline Five studies did not report intervention adherence rates Most studies did not report name of the diabetes app and the study device (e. g. smartphone and tablet) Only one study reported a theoretical basis (Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills Model); two studies applied the theoretical framework for an education class and disease management counselling Reductions in HbA1c were only statistically significant in four studies where the app design provided the greatest interactive features: instant app feedback messages and alert reminders from an algorithm database website Involvement of primary care provider or a dietician were also covariates Limitations of clinical effectiveness studies: use of diabetes apps in combination with other interventions posed risk of confounding; only two studies reported power analysis; eight studies did not use any form of blinding Findings strongly suggest that efforts to improve user satisfaction, incorporate established principles of health behaviour change, and match apps to user characteristics will increase therapeutic impact submitted personalised written feedback daily based on cognitive behavioural principles Both intervention and control groups given access to a non-interactive website after discharge to promote constructive self-managemen Grist et al.
Acknowledgments This work was partly supported by the  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  through the " Programme Investissements d'Avenir ," by the  Ministry of Higher Education and Research, Hauts de France Council and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)  through the  Contrat de Projets Etat-Region (CPER Photonics for Society ,  P4S ) project and  SITE ULNE  through the  FUHNKC and EXAT  projects.
Input Data and Model Results The SSH-aerosol package contains different repertories for source code, configuration files, input files, output files and visualisation of outputs. The configuration file (namelist. ssh) specifies the user's choices for parameterisations and processes that are taken into account in the simulation, as detailed in the users' guide. It points to the list of species and their properties, as well as to the initial concentrations and emissions. The configuration file allows the user to use the same code for different applications with different levels of complexity. SSH-aerosol considers several particle compounds: mineral dust, black carbon, inorganics (sodium, sulphate, ammonium, nitrate and chloride) and organics (primary organic aerosol POA and secondary organic aerosol SOA) compounds (detailed in Appendix B), with size ranging between a nanometre and tens of micrometres.
Measurements of PM and gaseous compounds made in Tokyo are taken as initial conditions. Note that these data were averaged continuously during 24 h under varying meteorological conditions. Because HNO 3 and NH 3 are the compounds the most influenced by the algorithm used to represent condensation/evaporation, the model concentrations simulated dynamically, assuming bulk equilibrium and using a cutoff of 0. 01 µm, are compared in Figure  4. Although the dynamic simulation of the partitioning is the most accurate, it is about three times slower than bulk thermodynamic equilibrium, while the hybrid method with a cutoff diameter of 0. 01 µm is about 1. 5 times slower than bulk thermodynamic equilibrium.
Conclusions In this paper, we presented the experimental FSVs of pure aluminum, as measured by VISAR in three different laser labs. This work synthesizes a significant range of input parameters covering two irradiation regimes (direct and water confined), three wavelengths (from 532 to 1053 nm), two laser pulse shapes (Gaussian and top-hat), four laser-pulse durations (from 7 to 40 ns) and five focal-spot sizes (from 1 to 5 mm) with round and square shapes. Although the experiments were conducted with several laser configurations, the results collected demonstrated good consistency. More precisely, it was shown that with similar wavelengths and pulse durations, the shape of the focal spot does not have an effect on the maximal FSV. Due to the good agreement of the simulation results with the experimental data, the reliability of the ESTHER code was extended to a broader range of validity, making it now possible to obtain physical data characterizing  the plasma produced (table  2 ).
Conclusions In multiple myeloma, PET/CT performed with Choline-based tracers may offer several advantages over 18 FDG PET/CT, showing better detectability of focal bone lesions; however, the diagnostic performance of Choline PET/CT should be further explored in larger prospective studies, which should be designed with a reference standard. These data are required before clinical routine implementation can take place. Studies focusing on the prognostic value of Choline PET/CT and its value as regards treatment response evaluation are also warranted.
Funding: This research received no external funding. Acknowledgments: This work has been supported in part by grants from the  French National Agency for Research called  " Investissements d'Avenir" IRON Labex n•   ANR-11-LABX-0018-01 , and from  INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12558  (SIRIC ILIAD). We would like to sincerely thank  Constantin Lapa  and  Malte Kircher  for kindly providing additional data regarding the study they co-authored.
Merging the time delay information between several detector sites allows to infer the supernova localisation. The 90% confidence area is 140±20 deg 2 when combining Hyper-Kamiokande, IceCube, JUNO and KM3NeT/ARCA detectors. Such analysis can be performed in real-time within the framework of the SNEWS alert system. This location uncertainty can be reduced further by intersecting this area with the CCSN progenitors distribution in the Milky Way and combining with the confidence areas from the Super-Kamiokande and JUNO detectors performing standalone source localisation. Using a bootstrapping strategy, the algorithm parameters can be optimised directly on data to improve the time resolution and to localise the source with better accuracy.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank  Alec Habig  and  Vedran Brdar  for the fruitful discussion at the Orsay workshop on the supernova detection and the further support,  Kate Scholberg  from the  SNEWS  project,  Lutz Köpke ,  Erin O'Sullivan  and  Segev BenZvi  from the  Ice-Cube Collaboration  and the  KM3NeT Collaboration  for the interest in this activity. This project is financially supported by the  LabEx UnivEarthS  ( ANR-10-LABX-0023  and  ANR-18-IDEX-0001 ). This project has received funding from the  European Unions   Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  under grant agreement No  739560.
Patients, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria All adult patients (≥ 18 years of age), who underwent EP, SA, or PD for histologically proven ampullary lesions will be screened for eligibility for the study. As a follow-up of at least 12 months is required, patients in whom EP was performed between January 1st 2007 and July 31th 2018 can be included. For SA and PD, interventions can date back until January 1st 2004. The range of data to be analyzed was set different between endoscopic and surgical procedures, as endoscopic resection of ampullary lesions is a relatively new technique, and SA has been historically performed but is now a rare surgical procedure. All histologic types of ampullary lesions should be included in this study. Regarding invasive ampullary carcinoma, only T 1 and T 2 M0 stage adenocarcinoma (UICC 8th edition) that were intended to treat can be included in this study.
In this study, detailed information regarding patients' medical history, performed interventional procedure, histology reports, and outcome are requested. In detail, age, gender, concomitant hereditary polyposis syndrome, anthropometrics, co-morbidities, medication, clinical presentation, and blood values will be assessed. Also, details of diagnostics including EUS, CT-and MRI-scan, prior interventions and intention to treat are necessary. Furthermore, the database will include information of endoscopic (stenting, sphincterotomy, submucosal injection, complementary treatment, lesion morphology) and surgical (duration, type of procedure and anastomosis, drains, margins, and complications) procedures. Histology reports will be screened for diagnosis of initial biopsy and resected specimen, size, R0-rate, deep and lateral margins, tumor stage, micro-/lymphovascular, and perineural invasions.
Statistical Analysis The primary end point for the study is complete resection indicated by histology (R0-rate). To analyze R0-rate between the three groups, the 2 × 3 contingency table will be performed with a chi-squared test. Metric variables will be analyzed by ANOVA with Bonferroni-post-test. Depending on the dataset of the recruited patients, primary and secondary study objectives will also be analyzed by using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), which can take into account the longitudinal structure of the data as well as missing data. In addition, equal distribution between the three groups regarding baseline parameters (e. g. , age, gender, co-morbidities, lesion size) may not be available. Thus, a propensity matched analysis is intended to overcome this possible limitation of the study.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We acknowledge support from the  German Research Foundation (DFG)  and  Universität Leipzig within the program of Open Access Publishing  (to MH). This study was conducted as a project of the 9th  Pancreas2000 education and research program  funded by the  Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University , the  Karolinska Institute  and the  European Pancreatic Club/EPC. We would like to thanks  Dawn M. Swibold  for her constant help and support. This study was presented at the 52th  European Pancreatic Club  (EPC) 2019 as an oral talk and poster. The abstract was published as conference paper (23).
B. Discussion Domain names are the human-friendly forms of Internet addresses and are commonly used to find web sites. A domain name also forms the basis of other methods or applications on the Internet, such as file transfer or email addresses. 9 For example is www. ukm. my or www. undip. ac. id. A domain name is human-friendly forms from internet protocol (IP) numbers. 10 Every computer connected to the Internet has a unique Internet Protocol ("IP') address. Each domain name is unique and thus can only be registered to one entity. A domain name is created when it is registered with the appropriate registry operator. A registry operator maintains the definitive database, or registry, that associates the registered domain names with the correct IP numbers for the respective domain name servers.
11 nternet protocol is a unique numerical identifier (numbers) used to connect the Internet and connected computers. For example, 132. 54. 321. 89. It will be tough to memorise all of those numbers if we want to access some of the websites. Hence, to make it easier for humans, a system called domain name is created with alphabetical. The Domain Name System is essentially a global addressing system. It is the way that domain names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. 12  There are two parties in domain names management. They are registrant and registrar. Registrant is a domain name holder, and registrar is a company that accepts applications for and register domain names. Furthermore, the registry is the central directory. The registry is the authoritative database for each level of domain.
Registration of Domain Name A feature of the domain name system is that domain names are registered on a first-come, firstserved basis. Subject to the relevant eligibility and allocation rules being satisfied, the first registrant to apply for a particular domain name is entitled to hold the license for it. There is no hierarchy of rights to register a domain name. Domain names are registered in the open generic TLDs by applying to one of the ICANN-accredited registrars. ICANN stands for Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Number, an internationally organised, non-profit corporation with its headquarters in California, established a private-public structure for the governance of the Domain Names System (DNS). In reality, the United States government retained ultimate authority. 19 he domain name proposed by the registrant is checked against an online database and, if another registrant has not already registered it, will normally be immediately allocated to the applicant.
Domain names are typically registered online through the registrar's website. 20 nformation about domain name registrations held in the gTLD registries and many ccTLD registries can be obtained through the WHOIS database provided by most domain name registries. A WHOIS service enables members of the public to search an openly accessible database of information on domain names to find out the technical, administrative, and contract details of a domain name registrant so that technical, legal, and other matters relating to the registration and use of the domain name can be promptly resolved. WHOIS is not an acronym. It is from the question, who is responsible for a domain name or an IP address. Anyone can use the WHOIS protocol to search their databases and identify the registered name holder or "registrant" of a domain name.
21 ANDI also has a WHOIS database. 22 he policy of open access to registrants' information is reflected in ICANN's contracts with registrars and registrar practices. In the Registrar Accreditation Agreements (RAAs) between ICANN and accredited gTLD registrars, each registrar is required to provide an interactive webpage and a port WHOIS service which enables free, public, query-based access to up-to-date data about all active registered domain names sponsored by the registrar for each TLD for which it is accredited. 23.
Two data streams are generated by the FE chips and are managed by the CIC. The first one, called the Trigger data stream, contains information necessary for the L1 trigger processing electronics to form a trigger decision. This information is collected by the CIC from 8 FE chips over eight 25 ns bunch crossings (BX), and is reconstructed and filtered to form a data packet that is sent synchronously over 8 periods of the 40 MHz clock through the 6bit wide trigger output bus. The hit data from events passing the L1 trigger, buffered by the 8 FE chips, constitutes the second data stream called L1 data: it is transmitted by the CIC asynchronously, upon reception of the L1-accept signal. Figure  2  represents the block diagram of CIC functionalities. Two CICs will be used per module, for a total number of approximately 26600 in the whole Outer Tracker.
PoS(TWEPP2019)102 First results of CIC Benedetta Nodari tens of millions of consecutives BXs. The CIC1 output packets are then recorded in the RAM and compared in software with the expected values, previously obtained by the software simulator. All the CIC1 functionalities, starting with the startup sequence based on the hard reset deassertion and I2C configuration have been successfully tested following the previously described routine. Since the CIC1 input data are produced by 8 different FE ASICs, each one clocked by a common external 320 MHz clock, a bitline phase alignment feature is required in order to resynchronize the phase of the 6x8 CIC1 input lines, using the internal system clock. This feature allows the CIC1 to automatically delay the phase of each input line when a repetitive pattern is presented or to apply a fixed delay configuration to the input lines when the input phases are already known.
Moreover, the word alignment feature that allows the CIC1 to correctly reconstruct the input data words with respect to the 40 MHz internal clock was positively validated, along with the ability to correctly detect the first event frame after the issuing of a resync command (BX0 detection). The test procedure validation included the verification of data output transmission for 4 different modes (PS and 2S for both L1 and Trigger data output). Further tests demonstrated that the CIC design is robust against various error configurations of input data. This includes tests with single bit flips in the data frame and validation of chip behavior after an orbit reset. Power consumption measurements were performed during 5 different CIC1 running windows at 5 different core voltages. Figure  3  shows the overall power consumption of the CIC1 during all calibration and processing steps where the core and the periphery of the chip are powered at 1.
Two different CBC trigger data files were used, always alternating between both. The routine of phase, word and BX0 alignment followed by data playing was repeated throughout the irradiation. Power supply currents on the periphery (IPST) and core (Icore) along with the temperature (Figure  6 ) were monitored during the entire procedure. Figure  7  depicts a decrease of ~1. 5 mA after 200 Mrad on both currents. A further decrease of ~2 mA on Icore after 10 hours of annealing was observed. The pre-irradiation (prerad) average value of Icore is 192 mA, while for IPST is 22. 7 mA. Temperature dependent pre-rad studies observed that the rise in Icore at the start of irradiation and the drop post-rad can only partly be attributed to the temperature variations. The start-up sequence and data integrity were validated after irradiation.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank  C. Guérin  and  W. Tromeur  for the design of the passive CIC carrier and interface boards and  P. Baesso ,  D. DiCroce ,  M. Haranko ,  M. Kovacs ,  S. Mersi ,  I. Makarenko ,  A. Prosser  who contributed to TID and real-world integration tests.
A work plan was implemented to design the database and platform that constitute the registry, by choosing clinical, genetics and molecular variables of interest, based on experience gained from previous national registries for similar metabolic disorders. Among dissemination activities, several teaching events were organized in different countries, especially those where the consortium considered the awareness of these diseases needs to be promoted among health professionals and patients. Conclusion: EUROMAC represents a step forward in the knowledge of those disorders to which it is dedicated, and will have relevant clinical outcomes at the diagnostic, epidemiological, clinical and research level.