dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
(b) The same analysis was performed on CT2 for the second step. (c) The third step was the comparison of the coverage modifications between the two CT for VB-VMAT and Tan-IMRT. For that purpose, we used the V95% data for both techniques and their differential (ΔV95% (CT1-CT2)). (d) The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. The significance of the P-value threshold was set at 5%. All plans were performed by the same experienced physicist and improved to meet the clinical objectives.
supraclavicular, axillary II and III nodes, and IMC in the first three interspaces, planned on the same version of Pinnacle ®. Eight patients were treated with breast conservative surgery and two with mastectomy. The same datasets and contours were used to do the standard plans (on Pinnacle ® v9. 10) and VMAT plans (on RayStation ® v5. 0). Dose calculations were made using a collapsed cone convolution algorithm on both treatment planning systems (TPS) with a grid size of 3. 0 mm. Both the plans were optimized for an Elekta Synergy LINAC equipped with an Agility 160 multileaves collimator (MLC). All patients had a second CT during treatment because of unsatisfying portal images or clinical edema.
Our analysis is mainly based on official documents and communications published by Intesa Sanpaolo and VUB Bank like interviews in financial reports, shareholders' meetings presentations and annual reports. We collected also data from Eikon, the main information software owned by Thomson Reuters (2017), mainly from "Events", "Deal list M&A" and "M&A Tearsheet" sections until February 2017. Additional secondary data have been collected from publication about Intesa Sanpaolo and VUB Bank and international publications.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the support of the  Region Bourgogne Franche-Comté. This work has been performed in cooperation with  Labex ACTION program  (contract  ANR-11-LABX-0001-0 ), the  Volkswagen Foundation NeuroQNet project  and the  ANR  project  BiPhoProc  from the  OH-Risque call  ( ANR-14-OHRI-0002-02 ).
Acknowledgements We thank the  French government program Investissements d'Avenir  ( ANR-10-NANO-03-01 ,  2012-2016 ) for financial support. Dr Jean-François Debroux  and  Mr Regis Guinier  ( SORIN ) for design and construction of the wireless transmission system. We thank  Laurent Cortella  ( CEA, Grenoble ) for the gamma sterilization experiments and the  Laboratoire des Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques (LRB) , especially to  Audrey Soubies  for the care, and handling and establishing an enriching environment for the rabbits.
Simulation-Assisted Prototype Design A numerical simulation of the excitation system was performed by means of a finite element model. The system was modelled in the commercial software ANSYS Workbench with the help of ANSYS Composite PrepPost. Selected degrees of freedom were constrained in order to simulate fixed boundary conditions at the rig adapter at position (2) Figure  3. Furthermore, a number of simplifications were implemented during the design process of the simulation model. The bolt connections were not modelled since the focus was on the core section including the piezo stack actuators, the composite bandage and the elastic spring element. The piezo actuators were further modelled as solid piezo ceramic elements, without taking their layered structure into account. The stress distribution at the excitation system is investigated under a preload of 4000 N on each of the piezo elements and at a rotational speed of 15,000 rpm.
LSV Test Bench PC-Unit Amplifier Junction Box Vibrometer Controller System Central Data ACS Ring Slip Derotator Figure 10. Experimental set-up for the modal analysis of rotating structures. The general set-up involves the PSV-I-400 optical scanning head equipped with the highly sensitivity vibrometer sensor (OFV-505), OFV-5000 controller, PSV-E-400 junction box and the acquisition computer system. In addition, a single-point vibrometer was used to deliver a reference signal of the dynamic structural behaviour. The excitation signal was created in the PSV software and then generated and transformed by an amplifier that was driving the piezo actuators. The tests were performed under environmental conditions and under technical vacuum. During the tests, 80 measurement points were selected as shown in Figure  9b.
Their levels peak at 7 days for both segments and then decrease at 10 days  [40]. These data are in line with the presence of CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CCL20, TIMP-1, and IL6 in R1 at 3 days, which are known to attract neutrophils and lymphocytes. In C1, a delay was observed in the recruitment of the Tregs, which were detected 7 days after SCI and correlated with the detection of CCL20 in C1 only at 7 days, whereas neutrophils and microglial cells were already present at 3 days  [40]. Taken together, the results showed that C1 is clearly different from R1 in terms of cell types and molecular content in a time course manner, and is revealed to be a target segment for therapy. The functionality of chemokine released from injured spinal cord tissue can be evaluated by chemotaxis assay, thus investigating the BV2 (microglial) cells activation, followed by Western blot, and M1/M2 polarization through CX3CR1 and CD206 expression.
Optical densities of the immunoreactive bands were measured using the ImageLab (Biorad) software or the ImageJ software in digitalized images. Characterization of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation system-Mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities were performed according to established methods  (Medja et al. , 2009) , and expressed relative to the citrate synthase activity. Endogenous cell respiration was measured polarographically at 37 ○ C using a Clark-type electrode from Hansatech Instruments (Norfolk, United Kingdom). Substrate-driven respiration was assayed in digitonin-permeabilized cultured cells as reported  (Barrien-tos et al. , 2009). Briefly, trypsinized cells were washed with permeabilized-cell respiration buffer (PRB) containing 0. 3 M mannitol, 10 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank  Carlos T. Moraes  and  Erika Fernandez-Vizarra  for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by  NIH   R01  Grants  GM105781  (to A. B. and C. U. ) and  GM112179  (to A. B. ),  NIH   R35  Grant  GM118141  (to A. B. ),  MDA  Grant  MDA-381828  (to A. B. ),  AHA   Development Grant   14SDG20040003  (to F. F. ), and  Instituto de Salud Carlos III-MINECO/European FEDER  Funds Grants  PI14-00209  and  PI17-00048  (to C. U. ). A. M. receives support from the  AFM-Telethon  ( Trampoline Grant   19613 ) and  ANR JCJC  ( ANR-16-CE14-0013 ).
3. It is implemented in the FEM software platform using an impedance boundary condition. In our case, the DDOF liner includes a micro-perforated septum and is optimised for downstream propagation at M = 0. 5. The corresponding impedance model Z ddof has been numerically evaluated through aeroacoustic simulations that provide a more precise model of the liner under grazing flow. Details are not provided here, however, readers who want to implement the model to validate the efficiency of the electroacoustic liner may use a model of the DDOF liner corresponding to Eq. (  3 ) without loss of generality. A sound hard boundary condition is used elsewhere.
Acknowledgment This project has received funding from the  European Union 's  Seventh Framework Programme for research technological development and demonstration  under grant agreement no  604999. The authors would like to acknowledge  Safran Nacelles  and  NLR  for the support, and  Rik Wijntjes  for his contribution during the experiments. FEMTO-ST contribution received support from  Labex   ACTION  progam ( ANR-11-LABX-0001-01 ).
Extraction of sin 2 θ eff We extract sin 2 θ eff by fitting the A FB (m , y ) distribution in data with the theoretical predictions. The default signal distributions are based on the POWHEG v2 event generator using the NNPDF3. 0 PDFs  [17]. The POWHEG generator is interfaced with PYTHIA 8  [16]  and the CUETP8M1  [31]  underlying event tune to provide parton showering and hadronization, including electromagnetic FSR. The dependence on sin 2 θ eff , on the renormalization and factorization scales, and on the PDFs is modeled through the POWHEG MC generator that provides matrix-element-based, event-by-event weights for each change in these parameters. The distributions are modified to different values of sin 2 θ eff by weighting each event in the full simulation by the ratio of cos θ * distributions obtained with the modified and default configurations in each (m , y ) bin.
Acknowledgments We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at  CERN  and at other  CMS institutes  for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies:  BMWFW  and  FWF (Austria) ;  FNRS  and  FWO (Belgium) ;  CNPq ,  CAPES ,  FAPERJ , and  FAPESP (Brazil) ;  MES (Bulgaria) ;  CERN ;  CAS, MoST , and  NSFC (China) ;  COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) ;  MSES  and  CSF (Croatia) ;  RPF (Cyprus) ;  SENESCYT (Ecuador) ;  MoER ,  ERC IUT , and  ERDF (Estonia) ;  Academy of Finland ,  MEC , and  HIP (Finland) ;  CEA  and  CNRS/IN2P3  (France);  BMBF ,  DFG , and  HGF (Germany) ;  GSRT (Greece) ;  OTKA  and  NIH (Hungary) ;  DAE  and  DST (India) ;  IPM (Iran) ;  SFI (Ireland) ;  INFN (Italy) ;  MSIP  and  NRF (Republic of Korea) ;  LAS (Lithuania) ;  MOE  and  UM (Malaysia) ;  BUAP ,  CINVESTAV ,  CONACYT ,  LNS ,  SEP , and  UASLP-FAI (Mexico) ;  MBIE (New Zealand );  PAEC (Pakistan) ;  MSHE  and  NSC (Poland) ;  FCT (Portugal) ;  JINR (Dubna) ;  MON, RosAtom ,  RAS ,  RFBR  and  RAEP (Russia) ;  MESTD (Serbia) ;  SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI  and  FEDER (Spain) ;  Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland) ;  MST (Taipei) ; ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and.
Methodology to combine technical, economic and environmental points of view The goal of this methodology (Fig. 2 ) is to give to the designer or the manufacturer a decision making tool to make a choice of a manufacturing process based on multiple criterion. In this paper, simple models for the fluids and materials consumption are proposed. Regarding the electric consumption, more accurate models, leverage on experimental measurements, are presented. Empirical formula is used for costs models and equations for the technical model are extracted from the literature. This methodology can be decomposed into three major steps: First step: Method for obtaining the models Second step: Models writing Third step: Results displaying In this first major step of the methodology, all the necessary data for the models creation are collected.
Models writing These models are then exploited during the second stage of the methodology. All the data acquired are gathered in a single computer tool. Thus, a computer demonstrator is created so that any user can use the model with ease by only inputting data provided by the slicing software or the CAD software. The user has to enter the total manufacturing time estimated by the slicing software. But also the layer height, the different manufacturing angles, the pre-process duration, the postprocess duration, the volume of the part and the density of the material used. Thus, the model allows to predict a consumption according to the different criteria studied for any shape to be produced.
Background: This study aims to describe the predictive factors of severe obesity in children followed in French Guiana. Methods: In this observational study, the patients from the French Guianese Childhood Obesity Group database were prospectively included, after giving a statement of patient's non opposition. Results: Our group classifications revealed that 36 of 150 (24%) participants were classified as being metabolically abnormal obesity" (MAO), while 114 of 150 (76%) were categorized as metabolically normal obesity" (MNO). MAOpatients were older. Their mothers had more severe obesity. We also observed that their systolic blood pressure was higher. The median Z-score BMI of children with MAO was 4, 9 [4, 38] , which shows a more obese condition than the MNO group. The median waist-to-height ratio (WTHR) of our study population was high, either 0.
Methods French Guianese childhood obesity group (GuiChOG) Since 2010, the GuiChOG has been created and is being held in the pediatric department of Cayenne Hospital. This group is part of the therapeutic education programs against obesity in children conducted in the pediatric day hospital. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in French Guianese children, its close association with type 2 diabetes  [1] , motivated the group to understand the determinants of obesity among children in this specific population. Tips for overweight or obese children are included consecutively in this group. A Gui-ChOG Excel database is prospectively extracted from a medical file of these obese children after the completion of the first diagnostic consultation performed according to the High Authority of Health (HAS) recommendations for the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS)  [9].
Ethical statements All data were collected, after certification of a written patient's non opposition. All underage participants had written informed consent provided on their behalf by their parent/legal guardian. According to the European regulation, French observational studies from data obtained routinely, from patient health-care records, do not need the approval of an ethics committee  [10]. These anonymized data issued from medical records were analyzed, which was authorized according to the Regulatory authorities (Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés (CNIL) number 2046957 v 0.
Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 13 (Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP) with statistical significance set at P < 0. 05. Means, SDs, and ranges were calculated for all continuous variables. Independent samples t tests were used to compare continuous variables between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between each of the variables and metabolic unhealthy status with adjustment for age and sex. Because there were no sex interactions, all analyses were conducted collapsed across sex. Subsequently, each of the strongest independent predictors of MAO within three main categories of variables: 1) adiposity (weight, BMI, BMI percentile, BMI z-score, and waist circumference); and 2) PA-related (moderate PA, very hard PA,) were entered into a logistic regression model with adjustment for age and sex.
Leptin hormone and insulin levels were higher in MAO than in MNO. Authors have reported a relationship between Vitamin D, insulin resistance and leptin level. High leptin levels increase the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines  [46]. However, vitamin D deficiency is associated with chronic inflammation and may predispose to insulin resistance  [47] [48] [49]. Our study had several strengths, such as the fact that similar studies have not been carried out previously in Guianese children. Trained health professionals who used the same anatomical sites and measurement tools collected anthropometric data. In addition, the results are likely to be representative of severe obese children in Cayenne because the BMI data were collected over a specific recent period within the local pediatric unit only.
The empirical formulae deduced for BS-1 and BS-2 demonstrate that some OH groups persisted bonded to the Si atoms. The SWAXS spectra of BS-1, BS-2, BS-3, and BS-4 in the 0. 4-25 nm -1 q (where q = 4π sinθ/λ, 2θ is the scattering angle and λ is the wavelength) range are represented in Figure  3. The four samples produced two distinct broad peaks at 6. 1 and 14. 8 nm -1 in the analyzed q range. In an attempt to explain the origin of the former peak, molecular modeling performed with the MM2 model of ChemDraw Ultra software (version 12. 0. 2. 1076) was applied to the BTMSPA precursor. The length deduced for the Si(CH 2 ) 3 NH(CH 2 ) 3 Si spacer (d Si-Si ) was 1. 07 nm (q Si-Si = 5. 90 nm -1 ), which is of the same order of magnitude of the distance associated with the scattered signal observed at about 6.
This solvent effect lowered the activation energy for hydrolysis, thus enhancing the hydrolysis rate. Let us now focus on the four BTMSPA-derived samples obtained in the present work. The above SWAXS data provided evidence of the presence of a lamellar organization at the molecular scale in all the samples. However, the syntheses of BS-1 and BS-2, carried out in a large excess of THF, were rather slow processes that led to formation of free-standing transparent films composed of thin platelets, whereas the syntheses of BS-3 and BS-4, performed in the presence of a large excess of water, and a minor proportion of THF and ethanol, respectively, led rapidly to the formation of white powders composed of nanoparticles apparently built from an onion-like assembly of thin platelets. Furthermore, it was also observed that the hydrophilicity of BS-1 (θ ≈ 90 • ) was considerably lower than that of BS-4 (θ ≈ 10 • ).
4 keV), providing structural information over scattering vectors q ranging from 0. 04 to 25 nm -1. Helium flowed between the sample and the image plate to avoid air adsorption. The sample acquisition time was 3600 s and the glass capillaries (Higenberg) had a thickness of 2 mm. The image azimuthal average was determined by the FIT2D software from ESRF (France) and data corrections, radial averaging were performed via standard procedures. Nitrogen (N 2 ) adsorption-desorption isotherms were performed with a Micromeritics Gemini 2375 system at -196 • C. The material was degassed overnight at 200 • C prior to being measured. The surface area measurements were carried out according to the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. HR-SEM micrographs of the samples produced were obtained using a FEI Quanta 400FEG/Edax Genesis X4M scanning electron microscope at CEMUP-Porto (CEMUP-Porto contracts REEQ/1062/CTM/2005 and REDE/1512/RME/2005 FCT).
The surface wettability of the samples was assessed by means of static contact angle measurements using the sessile drop method. Contact angles (θ) were measured at room temperature with ultra-pure distilled water using a Contact Angle OCAH 200 (DataPhysics Instruments) and SCRA-20 software. The samples were analyzed as pellets. The volume of the liquid droplets was kept constant at 2 µL. The θ values were measured at three different spots and the results reported correspond to the average value of the three measurements. The error analysis of the data was implemented by arithmetic mean of the root mean square error. The photoluminescence spectra were recorded at 300 K with a modular double grating excitation spectrofluorimeter with a TRIAX 320 emission monochromator (Fluorolog-3, Horiba Scientific) coupled to a R928 Hamamatsu photomultiplier, using a front face acquisition mode.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank  Carlos M. Costa  and  Marco P. Silva  ( Physics Center, University of Minho, Portugal ) for the electrical resistivity measurements,  Paula Ferreira  ( CICECO, University of Aveiro, Portugal ) for the N 2 adsorption/desorption measurements,  Paula Soares-Santos  ( CICECO, University of Aveiro, Portugal ) for solid state NMR measurements, and  Xavier Cattoën  ( Institut NEEL -CNRS, France ) and  Michel Wong Chi Man  ( Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier -CNRS, France ) for helpful discussions.
In the past, in order to ensure train positioning as well as ground-to-train information exchange, railways have adopted various technologies. Over time, each new generation of equipment enriched the global information exchange but, as a consequence, necessitated higher data rate transfers. For the positioning functionality, the existing localisation systems are still limited, since most of them require an infrastructure installation with constraints such as laying equipment between the rails or having high database maintenance requirements and computational costs. Moreover, some of them accumulate errors (odometers and inertial sensors) or offer limited coverage in shadowed areas (GNSS, etc. ). Currently, in railway applications, a widely used localization system is based on proprioceptive sensors embarked in the train.
Stereology For the stereological analysis of total neurons, we cut transverse cryosections (50 μm) of the spinal cord. From a random start, we selected every 4 th section and stained them for NeuN (EMD Millipore). Neurons were counted in laminae I+II and laminae III+IV of the medial half of the dorsal horn. Dorsal and ventral boundaries of these regions of interest (ROIs) were defined based on cytoarchitecture. The number of neurons was determined using the optical fractionator  (West et al. , 1991) , with counting spaces distributed in a systematicrandom fashion (Table  S1 ). The analysis was performed with Stereo Investigator software (MBF Bioscience). Inhibitory neurons expressing GFP or Venus were counted in sections of 30-μm thickness. We selected every 5 th section and immunostained them for NeuN and the γ isoform of protein kinase C (PKCγ) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), using fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies for detection.
Statistics We used an unpaired two-sided Student's t test for comparing two experimental conditions, a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's or Tukey's test for comparing more than two conditions, and a two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's or Bonferroni's test for comparing experimental conditions over time. We utilized Prism software (GraphPad) for these tests. Sample sizes provided ≥90% power for statistically significant results at α = 0. 05, as calculated with G*Power software (Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf). Unless otherwise mentioned, data are represented as mean ± SEM. S1. S1. S2. (B) Representative recordings of total mIPSCs. Bar graphs below show current frequency and peak amplitude in uninjured Bax +/+ mice and Bax +/+ mice 2 weeks after SNI (n = 18 neurons) and in uninjured Bax -/-mice (n = 13) and Bax -/-mice 2 weeks after SNI (n = 19).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank  Susumu Tonegawa  for providing the Grin1 flox/flox mice,  Brian K. Kaspar  for the GFP-Cre plasmid,  Christoph Kellendonk  and  David V. Pow  for the antibodies targeting Cre and glycine, respectively, and  John Dempster  for the Win EDR and Win WCP programs of Strathclyde Electrophysiology Software. We further thank  Amy B. MacDermott  and  Christoph Kellendonk  for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the  National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke  ( R01 NS050408 ) to J. S. and an  MD fellowship  from the  Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds  to M. M.
Between June 2005 and October 2007, all consecutive patients who satisfied the eligibility criteria were invited and accepted to participate. Inclusion and exclusion criteria used for this study, specified in the Additional file 1, reflect recommendations that have been recently published  [16, 17]. Eligible patients received information on: 1) the aim of the study, 2) the SCS surgical procedures and potential clinical outcomes, 3) the technical variables (e. g. the self regulation parameters), related both to the external pulse generator (EPG) during the stimulation test period (STP) and to the totally implantable pulse generator (IPG); 4) the possible complications; 5) the data collection procedure. Eligible patients had to sign an informed consent form after receiving all the necessary information on the aim of the study, the type of data and the method of data collection.