dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Agradecimientos A la Empresa Total Austral, que acompaño siempre los trabajos de la Dra. Chapman en Tierra del Fuego, y que en conjunto con el Institut Français de la Embajada de Francia apoya todas las iniciativas de conservación, puesta en valor y difusión de este patrimonio cultural. A la UNTDF, por el PIDUNTDF 4-2018 otorgado a M. E. Mansur. Al grupo GIATMA del CADIC-CONICET, por su participación en todas las instancias de los proyectos. A la Fundación Ushuaia XXI por su apoyo incondicional, al Gobierno de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego, a la Legislatura provincial, al Museo Marítimo y del Presidio, y a tantos colegas, amigos y personas desinteresadas preocupadas por la conservación y salvaguarda de este patrimonio.
, Sepúlveda Miranda, N. , Montecinos Concha, T. , Mombiela Garrido, M. C. & Contreras Alonso, M. (2009). Atlas Regional. Región Metropolitana de Santiago (G. Ubilla Bravo & C. Núñez Pino, Eds. ). Santiago, Chile: Gobierno Regional Metropolitano de Santiago. doi: 10. 13140/2. 1. 4956. 6089 • Ubilla Bravo, G. , Robles Vargas, R. , González, D. , Garay, N. , Norambuena Vega, P. , Sandoval Verdugo, G. & Muñoz Muñoz, F. (2012). Carta de Cobertura y Uso del Suelo en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago (p. 117) [Informe de investigación]. Santiago, Chile: Gobierno Regional Metropolitano de Santiago y Edáfica. doi: 10. 5281/zenodo. 48636 • Ubilla Bravo, G. (2015a). Hacia una propuesta de Ordenamiento Territorial para Melipilla, Chile. Santiago, Chile; Montpellier, France: Editorial Académica Española.
AGRADECIMIENTOS Respecto al primer autor, este artículo fue escrito en el marco de una estancia postdoctoral (2020-2021) en el Instituto Francés de la Educación (IFÉ) de la École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Francia (ENS de Lyon) financiada por el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México (CONACYT). Respecto al segundo autor, este artículo fue escrito con el apoyo de la Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, a través del proyecto número SIP: 20200781.
We performed heavy-liquid flotation using sodium polytungstate (SPT), which  enables a centrifuge to separate the starch from the rest of the sediment by using a specific gravity that ensures that the starch floats or remains suspended. Fresh starch typically has a density of 1. 5g/ml, and therefore the specific gravity of the SPT was set at 1. 7g/ml. We did supernatant extraction two more times. Once the solution was clear, we transferred it to a clean slide. To mount the samples, we used a 50% water and glycerin solution, which slows down the drying of the sample and makes it easier to rotate the starch grains. Finally, we placed a coverslip to seal the sample. We observed the starch grains under a crosspolarized microscope (Nikon Eclipse E600 Pol) and took photographs and measurements using the software NIS-Elements.
Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the  ANR CAMELANDES  under Grant  ANR-15-CE27-0002  and  AASPE  ( UMR 7209 MNHN-CNRS ). We thank the  Archéo-Scopie department at the MSH Mondes in Nanterre (France)  for providing access to the imaging equipment. We are grateful to  Olivier Tombret  ( UMR 7209 ) for his help in the laboratory during sample preparation and to  Denis Fiorillo  ( UMR 7209 ,  SSMIM ) for the stable isotope analysis. We also thank the  Municipalidad Distrital de Huanchaco , the  Department of Anthropology at Yale University , the  National Geographic Society, INNOVATE PERU, Fondecyt-Concytec Perú-Banco Mundial , and  Universidad Nacional de Trujillo  for providing funds for the excavations at HLL. We are grateful to  Belkys Gutiérrez Léon  ( BGL Arqueología, Peru ) for her help with administrative issues,  Jean-François Cuénot  ( UMR 8096 ,  CNRS, France ) for processing the map on ArcGIS, and  Juan Plengue  from the  Reserva Chaparri  for his assistance during the visit to Tinajones.
The first one is located in an area under the jurisdiction of the gendarmerie, the other two are under the jurisdiction of the police. One of the municipalities is headed by a mayor who is politically on the right, another by a mayor on the centre-right and the third by a mayor on the left. Finally, the state of delinquency problems is largely different in these three territories. In each of the three cities, we were able to conduct in-depth interviews with all the professionals involved in security and prevention policies. We also obtained the statistical information resulting from the counting of their activities. This obviously proved to be decisive in the case of the police organisations, whose detailed data we were able to use to measure their activity in the repression of crime in the municipality, retrospectively, in order to capture any changes that may have occurred over time and potentially attributable to the implementation of video surveillance.
Agradecimiento Este trabajo fue financiado por la Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Senacyt) bajo el proyecto FID18-066, por el Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) de Panamá y por la Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) bajo el proyecto 'FIT SPRINGS' ANR-14-CE08-0009. Se le agradece a Jean Lermé del Institut Lumière Matière en Lyon Francia por su contribución en la parte teórica de este trabajo.
La integridad y la concentración de los productos de la PCR se revisaron en geles de agarosa al 2% teñidos con bromuro de etidio, y 5 µL del producto de la PCR restante fueron enviados para una secuenciación de Sanger en un secuenciador automático Applied Biosystems 3730xl (arreglos capilares de 50 cm) en el Core DNA Sequencing Facility de la University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Las secuencias directas e inversas obtenidas se revisaron visualmente para realizar el control de calidad y se alinearon con el software Bioedit v. 7. 0. 5 para obtener un fragmento consenso (UM71). Se obtuvieron del GenBank diversas secuencias de la región control de otras especies de lobo fino y se alinearon junto con la secuencia obtenida en este estudio (ver Fig. 3  para ver los números de acceso de las secuencias).
Se construyó un árbol de parsimonia con un soporte de remuestreo de 500 repeticiones en MEGA 7  (Tamura et al. 2007 ), y se usó el lobo marino de California, Z. californianus, como grupo externo. bromide, and 5 µL of the remaining PCR product were sent for Sanger dideoxy sequencing in an Applied Biosystems 3730xl automated sequencer (50 cm capillary array) in the Core DNA Sequencing Facility at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. The obtained forward and reverse sequences were checked by eye for quality control and aligned with the software Bioedit v. 7. 0. 5 to obtain a forward consensus fragment (UM71). Several control region sequences from other fur seal species were taken from GenBank and added to the alignment (see Fig. 3  for accession numbers). A parsimony tree was constructed with a bootstrap support of 500 repetitions using MEGA 7  (Tamura et al.
Results Inspection of the genital area of the stranded pinniped confirmed that it was a female. The individual weighed 10. 8 kg and measured 91 cm total curvilinear length and 87 cm total length. Data collected from free-ranging individuals at the Galapagos Archipelago indicate that mean weight of one-year-old females is 9. 5 kg in an ordinary year and 12. 1 kg in a good year  (Trillmich 1986 ); therefore, the individual stranded in Oaxaca was approximately one year old. The tree obtained from the mtDNA control region clustered the specimen's sequence (UM71) (GenBank accession number: MT992621) within the GFS, A. galapagoensis, group (Fig. 3 ).
Resultados En la inspección del área genital del pinnípedo varado se confirmó que era una hembra. El individuo pesó 10. 8 kg y midió 91 cm de largo curvilíneo total y 87 cm de largo recto total. Datos recolectados a partir de individuos de vida libre en el archipiélago de Galápagos indican que el peso medio de las hembras de un año de edad es de 9. 5 kg en un año ordinario y 12. 1 kg en un buen año  (Trillmich 1986 ). Por lo cual, se puede suponer que el individuo que se varó en Oaxaca era de aproximadamente un año de edad. El árbol obtenido a partir de la región control del ADNmt agrupó la secuencia obtenida en este trabajo (UM71) (número de acceso del GenBank: MT992621) con las secuencias de los LFG, A. galapagoensis (Fig. 3 ).
Agradecimientos La muestra de tejido fue recolectada bajo el permiso de colecta SGPA/DGVS009513/18 de la División General de Vida Silvestre de laSecretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (México). La respuesta de rescate y atención del individuo herido fue coordinada por la red de varamientos del estado de Oaxaca. Estamos particularmente agradecidos con el delegado de PROFEPA en Oaxaca, Héctor Hugo Miranda, por organizar el esfuerzo. Agradecemos a los miembros de la comunidad de La Escobilla. El Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga facilitó al personal y los recursos. La Asociación Mexicana de Hábitats para la Interacción y Protección de Mamíferos Marinos (AMHAR) envió personal veterinario especializado en la atención de mamíferos marinos (Larissa Serrano y María Renée Arreola) y proporcionó cuidados médicos.
Acknowledgments The tissue sample was collected under permit SGPA/ DGVS009513/18 by the  Division of Wildlife of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (Mexico). The Oaxaca Stranding Network coordinated the response to rescue the injured individual. We are especially grateful to the  PROFEPA delegate in Oaxaca ,  Héctor Hugo Miranda , for organizing all efforts. We thank members of  La Escobilla community. The  Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga  facilitated staff and all resources. The  Mexican Association of Habitats for the Interaction and Protection of Marine Mammals (AMHAR,  for its acronym in Spanish) sent specialized veterinarians ( Larissa Serrano  and  María Renée Arreola ) and provided medical care. We also thank volunteer veterinarian  Henghis Serna , who selflessly helped with medical care, and the  Universidad del Mar students , who provided help and covered night watches.
Le projet Democrat (https://www. lattice. cnrs. fr/democrat) a bénéficié d'un financement de l'ANR (ANR-15-CE38-0008). Je tiens à remercier les membres du projet Democrat et mes collègues de l'IHRIM (Matthieu Decorde, Serge Heiden, Alexei Lavrentiev et Bénédicte Pincemin) qui développent la plateforme TXM et la Base de français médiéval, ainsi que Sophie Bordes, qui a annoté le corpus lors de son stage de M1.
Andrín analiza muestras de escritura de alumnos universitarios de primer y segundo nivel de ingeniería y presenta una forma de implementar un método para desarrollar las habilidades metalingüísticas de los estudiantes y mejorar sus producciones discursivas. -En su artículo "IMPACTO DE LAS TIC EN LA ENSEÑANZA: HACIA UN CAMBIO DE PARADIGMA EN LA CLASE DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA, COVID 19", Andrea Fernanda Rodrigo y Bárbara Méndez muestran que, en contraposición a la idea común de "conocimiento fragmentado", la competencia lingüística pura y la competencia específica en literatura van de la mano. Por lo tanto, usar un software lingüístico para el procesamiento automático de textos puede ser una herramienta valiosa para ayudar a los alumnos a estudiar textos literarios. Esta edición será de interés para todos los usuarios del software NooJ porque presenta el último desarrollo de sus recursos lingüísticos, así como también una amplia variedad de aplicaciones en lingüística y en la enseñanza de la lengua.
For the 3-D models, the measurements were derived with the Avizo and Meshlab software packages. Measurements were compared with those provided by  Goldberg (1999)  for American Southwestern Columbidae (Z. asiatica, Z. macroura and C. passerina), with size classes based on those proposed by  Steadman et al. (1984b)  for pigeons and doves from the Lesser Antilles  (P. squamosa, P. leucocephala, G. mystacea, G. montana, Z. aurita, C. passerina). A single observer (MG) scored all criteria and measured all specimens. Only characters that occurred in at least 60 % of specimens are presented. Columbina passerina, the smallest species in the sample, cannot be confused with other species and is therefore included in the metric data excluded for describing specific characters. Detailed information (measurements and characters of each modern specimen) and illustrations of the 8 bones of the 4 genera are provided in the appendices (D-V).
RESULTS A total of 42 morphological characters (7 for the coracoideum, 3 for the scapula, 6 for the humerus, 5 for the ulna, 11 for the carpometacarpus, 3 for the femur, 4 for the tibiotarsus, 3 for the tarsometatarsus) were selected. Due to the lack of sex data for numerous specimens, we excluded sexual dimorphism when discussing our results. However, male and female pigeons and doves are roughly similar in size, with appreciable dimorphism between sexes recorded only for Zenaida species (i. e. males larger than females;  Wiley, 1991; Baptista et al. , 1997).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding to this study was provided by the  ECSIT Project: "Écosystèmes insulaires tropicaux, réponse de la faune indigène terrestre de Guadeloupe à 6 000 ans d'anthropisation du milieu ", conducted by the  CNRS  with a financial support from the  European PO-FEDER program  (grant n°  2016-FED-503 ), the  Guadeloupe Regional Council , the  DAC of Guadeloupe (PCR Extinctions) , and the  CNRS (SEEG ECSIT). Many thanks are due to the curators and staff of the different museums:  A. Kratter ,  J-L. Bernos ,  S. Guimarães ,  C. Lefèvre ,  C. Milensky ,  D. Steadman ,  J. White  and  T. Webber. Thanks are also due to  M. Bessou ,  D. Cochard ,  C. Haget ,  R. Ledevin ,  E. Pubert  and  S. Renou  for their technical support;  V. Conche  and  N. Jeantet  for the 3D modeling. We would also like to thank  Anna Rufà Bonache  for the Spanish translation of the abstract and  Brad Gravina  for the English editing and constructive comments.
Methods and data We use the RCM RegCM4  (Giorgi et al. , 2012)  to simulate the atmosphere dynamics over a Mesoamerican domain centered around Guatemala. The domain ranges in latitude from 12. 7º to 18. 8º N and from 93. 6º to 86. 2º W in longitude. We use 18 vertical levels with a horizontal resolution of 12. 5 km, which is equivalent to a 0. 11º × 0. 11º grid resolution. We simulate a 6-year period from January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2017. Initial and lateral boundary conditions are supplied by ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset  (Uppala et al. , 2005). The cumulus convection scheme is Emanuel  (Emanuel, 1991)  over both land and ocean. The Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS) is used to account for the land surface interactions  (Dickinson et al. , 1993). The precipitation results obtained with RegCM4 are compared with those from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 product which has a 0.
25º × 0. 25º resolution  (Huffman et al. , 2007). To characterize the MSD in space and time we follow the works by  Magaña et al. (1999)  and  Small et al. (2007). The temporal distribution of precipitation is evaluated by taking bi-weekly averages for each year and then computing the average for the corresponding periods for all years. This is done for both RegCM4 results and TRMM data. To analyze the spatial variability, the domain is subdivided into 42 zones: six in the east-west direction and seven in the north-south direction, each with an area of 0. 871º of latitude by 1. 23º of longitude. For each of these zones we computed the monthly average using the RegCM4 simulation data and plotted the results over the corresponding geographic area. In this way it is easy to visualize the presence of the MSD or lack thereof and it is also straightforward to appreciate the differences between neighboring zones.
praetor, and three of T. pyrrhonotus. We amplified mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) using the primers MVZ05 and MVZ16  (Smith & Patton 1993). PCR products were sequenced by Macrogen (Macrogen Inc. , Korea). We checked the sequences using CodonCode Aligner 6. 0. 2 (CodonCode Corporation, Dedham, USA) and deposited them in Genbank.
Phylogenetic analysis. We reconstructed the phylogeny, including the obtained sequences and others downloaded from Genbank from prior publications. We used Sigmodon hispidus, Abrothrix olivaceus, Andinomys edax, Phyllotis magister, Auliscomys micropus, Wiedomys pyrrhor-hinos, Oecomys bicolor, Microryzomys minutus, Oxymycterus rufus, Akodon boliviensis, Rhagomys longilingua, Rhipidomys latimanus, Rhipidomys mastacalis, Chilomys instans, and species of other Thomasomys's groups (except "aureus" group) as the outgroup, and Thomasomys sp. from Piura and species of "aureus" group as the ingroup. All sequences used are listed in Appendix 2. Sequences were aligned by Clustal in MEGA 7. 0. 14 (Kumar et al. 2016). Substitution model TrN+I+G was selected with jModel-Test 2. 1. 7 (Darriba et al. 2012)  by AIC using the "propose model" routine.
aureus "Sangay," which is sister to T. aureus s. s. with a genetic distance of 5. 64 % (see Table  3 ). Pacheco (2021) suggested these could represent T. aureus s. s. , T. princeps, or a new taxon, but based on our genetic data, T. aureus "Sangay" is genetically distinct from T. aureus s. s. Proper identification would require molecular comparisons with the holotype of T. princeps or topotypes from Cundinamarca. To solve the phylogenetic position of T. aureus s. s. and the identity of specimens recognized as T. aureus from Ecuador, we recommend obtaining the sequence of the holotype (BMNH 7. 1. 1. 104). Appendix 2. Specimens included in the phylogenetic analysis. For each terminal species, GenBank accession and catalog numbers, country, and collection locality are provided. GenBank codes in bold were gathered in this study.
Agradecimientos / Acknowledgments: We thank Joseph Cook and Jonathan L. Dunnum (Museum of Southwestern Biology, New Mexico) for kindly sharing with us sequences and photos of T. aureus sensu stricto, and to Rob Voss (American Museum of New York, New York) for allowing VP access to specimens of Thomasomys during his stay as doctoral student. We thank Omar Ruelas for preparing the ratio diagram, Richard Cadenillas, Carlos Tello, and María Peralta for collecting the specimens. This study was partially funded by the contract N° 402-PNICP-PIBA-2014 (INNOVATE-PERU) and the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (RR 03202-R-18 and RR 03556-R-19). This study was made under the objectives of the DIMAPA research group of the Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado of the UNMSM.
Instrumental data The instrumental meteorological records provided by the Meteorological Service of Catalonia include daily records of temperature, precipitation and snow depth. All analysed data have passed a quality control and homogeneity test. For the purposes of this work, we considered the snowfall season from November to May including two consecutive years of the Gregorian calendar. Port del Comte snow data cover a total of 16 seasons (2002 to 2018) whereas the Cadí-Nord station encompasses data from 15 years (2004 to 2019). In order to compare patterns in both stations, we examine snow seasons from 2004 to 2018.
Snowfall characterization Daily snowfall was calculated by the difference with the maximum snow depth of the previous day, assuming that the increase corresponds to snowfall. From the whole dataset, missing data occurred in 0. 9% of the total cases at Port del Comte and only 0. 2% at Cadí-Nord. For such cases, we compared both snow stations and if there have been any snowfall events; we assumed the mean of snow depth between the last and the following day. The average of snow depth and duration calculated include only days with >0. 1 cm of snow depth. Finally, monthly snowfall anomalies (Fig. 3 ) are the result of the difference between the monthly average and the corresponding monthly value of the season. To determine whether snowfall or temperature are the main drivers of the variations in the snow depth in late snow season, we followed a previous approach carried out in the western and central Pyrenees  (López-Moreno, 2005).
Weather types for snowfall events The synoptic classification of the major snowfall days (>15 cm in 24 h) was based on the SynoptReg R package  (Lemus-Canovas et al. , 2019b). This method was successfully implemented at the Pyrenees (e. g. ,  Esteban et al. , 2005; Lemus-Canovas et al. , 2019a). It uses a principal component analysis applied a to spatial mode matrix, where the days are the observations and the grid points (latitude and longitude) are the variables. Then a clustering method is implemented, and the number of components retained are decided by a Scree test  (Cattell, 1966). We selected 12 clusters (CL), which explained 90% of the variance. Subsequently, the principal components were rotated by means of Varimax rotation  (Kaiser, 1958)  and the extreme scores method  (Esteban et al.
, 2005)  was applied. This method uses the scores (>2 and -2) determining a positive and negative phase for every principal component. The extreme scores established the number of groups and centroids for the K-means method. Further details of SynoptReg package are described at  Lemus-Canovas et al. (2019b). The Database used was Daily SLP (Sea Level Pressure) and Geopotential Height at 500 hPa obtained from NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis 2  (Kalnay et al. , 1996)  for 30ºN-60ºN by 30 ºW-10ºE with 2. 5 resolution.
Acknowledgements The work complements the research topics examined by the research groups " Paisatge i paleoambients a la muntanya mediterrània " ( SGR2014-0373 ) and " Antarctic, Artic, Alpine Environments-ANTALP " ( 2017-SGR-1102 ), both funded by the  Government of Catalonia  through the  Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca. Marc Oliva  is grateful for the support of the  Ramón y Cajal research program  ( RYC-2015-17597 ). The authors acknowledge the  Servei Meteorològic de Catalunya  for the data provided for this study.
HOUSEHOLD INTERVIEWS A series of structured interviews were conducted with households to identify local livelihood activities and preferences regarding REDD+ activities and benefits. In 2013, 39 of 251 households in Xmabén (27 with land rights and 12 without), and 38 of 90 households in La Mancolona (26 with land rights and 12 without) were interviewed. In the former, 70 % of the respondents were men and 30 % women; in the latter, 60 % were men and 40 % women. The structured interviews used a list of set questions presented in the same way to all respondents to obtain quantitative and qualitative data  (Newing, 2011). The interview guide comprised two sections: first, a questionnaire with short, set, closed-ended questions eliciting information on specific, quantifiable variables defined in advance  (Newing, 2011)  to determine household livelihood strategies (income sources, subsistence activities, main crops, and government program support).
To analyze the change in strategies, in 2019, the questionnaire was repeated with 25 households in La Mancolona, 15 with land rights and 10 without (14 men and 11 women). We used SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) to generate descriptive statistics of the household socio-economic data. The second section of interview guide included a list of open-ended questions on the issues surrounding the benefit-sharing from REDD+. We asked our respondents to suggest acceptable activities to support forest preservation and recovery and stop forest loss. This was followed by questions on four key REDD+ activity design topics: 1) concrete practices, 2) participants and beneficiaries from those activities, 3) type, frequency, and timing of benefits, and 4) contract duration.