dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
2006) , its acceptable toxicity, and its potential use in combination with immunotherapy  (Manegold et al. 2017) , we selected the humanized monoclonal antibody bevacizumab for VEGF-A inhibition in MCC. In vitro experiments confirmed that bevacizumab did not have a direct effect on MCC cell lines viability (data not shown). We then tested the anti-tumor growth effect of bevacizumab on the previously established xenotransplantation mouse model using MCPyV(+) MCC cells line WaGa  (Houben et al. 2012). Briefly, tumors were induced by subcutaneous injection of 10 7 tumor cells in 16 female NOD SCID mice (local ethics committee: Apafis 3973, 2016-020410139630-V2). The general state of the animal and the tumor volume were monitored every 2 days during the entire procedure. When tumor volume reached 25 mm 3 , mice were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=8) or control group (n=8) and received an intraperitoneal injection of bevacizumab three times per week (2 mg/kg, injected volume 0.
Acknowledgments: The authors express their sincerest thanks to the patients who gave their approval for use of their data in the study. We also thank  Yannick Le Corre  (Angers),  Ewa Hainaut-Wierzbicka  (Poitiers),  Francois Aubin (Besançon) ,  Guido Bens  (Orléans) and  Hervé Maillard  ( Le Mans ) for their help and contributions.
Remerciements Ce travail est soutenu grâce au financement du  PIA FINMINA  ( ANR-11-IDFI-0017 ) (11), aux financements par projets du GIP CNFM ( Groupement d'Intérêt Public pour la Coordination Nationale de la Formation en Microélectronique  et en nanotechnologies) (12), et a également bénéficié du soutien de la fondation  FACE (French American Cultural Exchange) par le biais du projet Partner University Fund  (PUF -High frequency nanotube printed circuits).
L'Automate Programmable Industriel à utiliser provenait du constructeur Phoenix Contact (ILC 151 GSM/GPRS). Une fois câblé, il devait permettre de traiter à la demande, les informations désirées par les différents clients (Figure  7 ). Un certain nombre de logiciels ont pour cela été installés sur les ordinateurs individuels des élèves. Les différentes licences et autorisations avaient été négociées au préalable avec les éditeurs. Ces plateformes logicielles étaient les suivantes : AutomationWorx 2018, Cogent DataHub V8, une suite bureautique (Office ou autre (> 2010)), Qelectrotech V0. 7. Les solutions matérielles utilisées devaient s'insèrer bien évidement dans un contexte, où les communications numériques sans-fil étendent leur influence  [5].
Remerciements Remerciement à la  Centrale de Proximité en Nanotechnologie de Paris Nord -C ( PN)2 qui a servi d'environnement technologique à la réalisation de ce travail. Remerciement également à Dejan Kocic pour son soutien technique. Ce travail a bénéficié d'une aide publique par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche dans le cadre du programme d'Investissement d'Avenir  (Reference  ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02 ) via le Labex SEAM ( Science Engineering and Advanced Materials).
Comme le soulignent des travaux récents  (De Jesus et Mendonça, 2018 ; De Jesus et al. , 2018) , analyser les leviers et les barrières pour le développement de comportements plus durables est particulièrement pertinent, notamment afin de comprendre pourquoi des acteurs économiques qui reconnaissent l'importance et la nécessité de l'éco-innovation choisissent finalement de rester sur le statu quo  (Fischer et Pascucci, 2017). Dans cette note de recherche, nous étudions les déterminants internes et externes de la mise en place volontaire d'éco-innovations. À l'aide d'une base de données originale portant sur près de 40 000 entreprises européennes, nous estimons un modèle probit bivarié récursif mixte, qui permet de tenir compte d'une part de l'inertie de la transition vers des pratiques plus durables et d'autre part des effets pays.
Au regard des analyses précédentes utilisant des données similaires  (Hoogendoorn et al. , 2015 ; Ghisetti et al. , 2017 ; Zamfir et al. , 2017 ; Shrivastava et Tamvada, 2019) , ou de manière plus générale les différentes études quantitatives  (del Rio et al. , 2016) , notre travail est original par la largeur de la base de données utilisée, la méthodologie et les variables mobilisées. Nos résultats confirment l'importance des effets précédemment cités, qui, s'ils ne sont pas pris en compte, conduisent à des estimations biaisées, ainsi que le rôle déterminant des marchés visés et de la dynamique économique de l'entreprise. À ce titre, notre contribution dans cette note de recherche est de nature avant tout méthodologique et empirique. Notre article est organisé de la manière suivante : dans une première section, nous nous appuyons sur une revue de littérature des déterminants de l'éco-innovation afin de formaliser cinq hypothèses testables.
Cette base de données est originale au regard des analyses pré-cédentes qui ne se sont intéressées à chaque fois qu'à une seule vague de (73 %) et vente à l'administration publique (32 %) 10. En ce qui concerne le ces Eurobaromètres Flash (Hoogendoorn et al. , 2015 ; Ghisetti et al. , 2017 ; Zamfir et al. , 2017 ; Shrivastava et Tamvada, 2019). 9 Notre travail s'appuie sur l'exploitation de l'enquête Flash Eurobarometer (Small and Medium Entreprises, Resource Efficiency and Green Markets) 8. Les Eurobaromètres Flash sont des enquêtes commandées par la Commission européenne et réalisées par l'entreprise TNS, dans le but d'évaluer les niveaux actuels des actions mises en oeuvre par les entreprises pour accroître leur efficacité dans l'utilisation des ressources et pour examiner l'état du marché vert parmi les PME européennes.
Le fait de vendre directement au consomma-teur a un impact positif significatif sur la probabilité d'avoir mis en oeuvre les actions recensées ou de les mettre en place dans le futur. Les autres types de clientèle peuvent également avoir un effet positif significatif sur H5), 4. DISCUSSION ET CONCLUSION la mise en oeuvre de ces actions, mais pas de manière systématique. Par À l'aide d'une base de données originale sur les entreprises européennes, exemple, le fait de vendre auprès des administrations publiques ne semble pas influencer significativement la probabilité de mettre en oeuvre, dans nous avons estimé un modèle nous permettant de tester simultanément le futur, des actions liées à l'économie d'énergie (tableau 4), la réduction des hypothèses sur les déterminants de l'éco-innovation.
Phythian's conclusion on iron is later verified by Stoller  [5]. The present work investigates the temperature effects on DPA by considering the influence of irradiation temperature on recoil energy and Doppler broadening. For computation of DPA rates in reactors, the typical method is using DPA cross sections and the corresponding spectra of incident particles. Neutron-induced DPA cross sections are calculated with nuclear data by processing codes as NJOY  [7]. The corresponding spectra of incident particles are determined by the transport codes. The two above-mentioned effects of the temperature: (i) the influence on PKA energy due to the thermal vibration of atoms (i. e. exit channel Doppler broadening), and (ii) Doppler broadening of reaction cross sections (i. e. entrance channel Doppler broadening) are considered in the calculation of DPA cross sections.
(7) At low incident energies, the emission in the CM I J is supposed to be isotropic. At high energies, the angular distribution can be found in Evaluated Nuclear Data Files (ENDF), which often gives the distribution of I J. The angular distribution of I can be determined by that of I J and H because I = I J + H. The conservation of momentum before collision leads to: ( OP + QP R cos G = O + Q P VW cos H, (8) ) 11 The recoil energy depends on the angle of thermal vibration G. However, it is not so important to study the dependence of recoil energy on G because the latter has to be random. The random value of G leads to the isotropic angular distribution. Therefore, the recoil energy averaged over G is investigated. The isotropic angular distribution of G conducts to: M , K, I J = ' g M , K, I J , G h cos G ' 0'.
Theory and methods The simulations of stirring and contact heating of milli-beads were realized with the commercial software EDEM 2017 (DEM Solutions, Edinburgh, UK). This software is based on the discrete elements method (DEM) which is a very powerful tool used more and more nowadays to investigate and develop granular solid processes. In the DEM framework, each particle of the granular bed is considered to be distinct and has its own trajectory and speed. The particle-particle and particleboundary interactions are checked at each time step and the resulting individual particle positions are updated. The main assumption of DEM modeling is that the particles are rigid (non-deformable) solid bodies but having the capability of small interpenetration during their contacts. The resulting decrease of the distance between the centers of two adjoining particles is called the interpenetration depth (δ) or the overlap.
Summary Customizable Toolbox for Musculoskeletal simulation (CusToM) is a MATLAB toolbox aimed at performing inverse-dynamics-based musculoskeletal analyses  (Erdemir, McLean, Herzog, & Bogert, 2007). This type of analysis is essential to access mechanical quantities of human motion in different fields such as clinics, ergonomics and sports. CusToM exhibits several features. It can generate a personalized musculoskeletal model, and can solve from motion-capture data inverse kinematics, external forces estimation, inverse dynamics and muscle forces estimation problems as in various musculoskeletal simulation software  (Damsgaard, Rasmussen, Christensen, Surma, & Zee, 2006; Delp et al. , 2007)  (Figure  1 ). According to user choices, the musculoskeletal model generation is achieved by using libraries containing pre-registered models  (Muller, Pontonnier, Germain, & Dumont, 2015).
The size distribution and volume fraction of precipitates were determined from SEM and TEM micrographs using ImageJ software. APT analyses were conducted in voltage mode. Samples for APT were prepared by lift out using focused ion beam (Zeiss Nvision 40 FIB-SEM). Initial annular milling was performed with an accelerating voltage of 30 kV. The final step was carried out with a low voltage (2 kV) to reduce damage caused by the Ga ions. APT experiments were carried out using a local electrode atom probe (LEAP 4000 HR®, Cameca instrument), with a pulse frequency of 200 KHz, a pulse fraction of 20 % of the standing voltage, and a mean detection rate of 0. 2 ion/pulse. APT data were treated using IVAS ® 3. 6. 8 software. All measurements were performed at 80 K. The average overall compositions of the three investigated alloys are given in Table  1.
As quenched alloy Globular or lamellar precipitates are found to decorate some of the grain boundaries (Fig. 2a ) in the 10Al12W. Few globules have also been found in the core of some grains (Fig. 2b ), they appear essentially white-contrasted in the γ grey matrix, which indicates that they are enriched in W. EDS analyses (data not shown there) made it possible to identify them as Co3W and occasionally as Co7W6. The latter probably result from solidification, and were dissolved during homogenization treatment. Darkly imaged particles which have grown alongside a Co3W grain (arrowed in Fig. 2a ) were identified as CoAl. TEM investigations revealed that small precipitates nucleate during quenching in the three alloys (Fig. 3a, c  and e ). They were identified as L12 phase precipitates by electron diffraction and this is confirmed by dark field images obtained with a {001} superlattice reflection.
Remerciements La proposition de ce nouveau TP s'appuie sur les travaux de stage de C. Petit (2017) et  R. Gautier  (2018) financés conjointement par le  CIME-Nanotech et l'Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences. L'achat de l'AFM ICON a été possible grâce à un cofinancement entre le CIME-Nanotech et le GIP-CNFM.
Et de nombreux exemples montrent que les spéléologues sont sensibles à cette éthique : dans la base de données fédérale Karsteau qui regroupe à ce jour 3900 dossiers de cavités, plusieurs verrous sont prévus pour limiter l'accès à certaines données dans « quelques cas exceptionnels, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit de sites archéologiques »  [15]. Mais l'éthique des archéologues et celle des spéléologues sont aussi des éthiques de l'action : les archéologues sont motivés par leur travail de recherche, de même que les spéléologues le sont par leur travail d'exploration et de documentation du monde souterrain. L'obligation d'y surseoir ou d'y renoncer peut aussi être vécue comme un manquement à cette éthique de chercheurs ou d'explorateurs respectueux du milieu qu'ils investissent. Surtout que la loi n'est pas toujours aussi prescriptive que le suggéreraient les pratiques administratives imposées par les services.
Remerciements Acknowledgements Je remercie  Béline Pasquini  et  Ségolène Vandevelde , organisatrices du colloque Archéo-éthique de mai 2018, d'avoir donné la parole à des acteurs qui ne se définissent pas comme des archéologues, mais qui, par leurs activités, se retrouvent fortement impliqués dans des débats autour de l'archéologie. I would like to thank  Béline Pasquini  and  Ségolène Vandevelde , organizers of the  Archaeo-Ethics Conference of May 2018 , for having given the floor to actors who do not define themselves as archaeologists but who, through their activities, find themselves strongly involved in debates around archaeology.
Remerciements Pour la mise en place de ce projet MyLOC au sein d' ESIEE-Paris , nous tenons à remercier l' IDEA (Initiative d'excellence en formations innovantes) de l'université Paris Est (7), IDEFI-FINMINA (Formation Innovante en Microélectronique et Nanotechnologies (12)) et le GIP-CNFM (Groupement d'Intérêt Public -Coordination Nationale pour la formation en Microélectronique et en nanotechnologies ) (9) via le pôle parisien CEMIP (8) pour leur support financier. Nous remercions aussi le  SMM (Service des Moyens de la Microélectronique) de l'ESIEE-Paris  pour l'accueil et le support qu'ils ont apportés pour le bon fonctionnement de ce projet lors des séances en salle blanche.
To stabilize the DC bus of the MicroGrid, a control law is applied to a bidirectional boost converter that connects the supercapacitor system to the DC grid. The control scheme is based on dynamical feedback linearization and consists in splitting the system in different time scale dynamics, creating consequently a simplified model to reduce size and complexity of the control system. The non-minimal phase problem of the boost converter according to the chosen control output is solved using singular perturbation analysis based on this explicit time-scale separation. This paper is organized as follows : Section II introduces the considered MicroGrid model, while Section III describes the nonlinear control strategy applied. Simulations results on Matlab/Simulink are outlined in Section IV and conclusions are provided in Section V.
Simulation Results The DC MicroGrid was built using SimPowerSystem toolbox from Matlab/Simulink, where a realistic model can be developed including the control law of the system. The simulations are focused to show the transient behavior of the dynamics of the system and the proposed nonlinear control performance. The time range for simulations is 10 seconds where it can be seen the supercapacitor working to keep the stability of the DC bus. Table  1  presents the element parameters of the MicroGrid. The nominal voltage of DC bus in the MicroGrid is 630 V , with ±5% of operation bounds limitation to attend the grid requirements. Then, upper bound is 661. 5 V and It is important to design the MicroGrid in order to always supply the load requested power. Here, the PV array is sized according to the energy consumption of the load during the full day.
Such paths can be retrieved using shortest paths algorithms. We simply begin by working on the CFN, which is stored in a graph database Neo4j. This database uses a graph structure and its graphical interface visualizes easily the airline network. However, Neo4j stores each node's and arc's properties separately: accessing those properties is relatively slow. Then, implementing the SPA in a graph database like Neo4j is challenging. In this paper, we propose four methods to solve the FRP on the CFN. The first two are algorithms that decompose the FRP in shortest path problems and solve them in parallel using as shortest path algorithm: Dijkstra and Bellman. The third one extends the Dijkstra algorithm. However, the last one uses a Bellman algorithm that computes at once all shortest paths from both origin and destination for all criteria.
Graph Database The CFN is stored in Neo4j graph database  (Neo Technology, 2017). Neo4j is used for many applications, typically recommendation systems and complex networks like transportation network. Neo4j graph database follows the property graph model to store and manage its data. In Neo4j, data are represented in nodes, relationships, and properties or at-tributes. Both nodes and relationships contain properties  (Robinson et al. , 2015). A relationship connects a pair of nodes: start & end, it has a direction and a type. Neo4j proposed APOC (Awesome Procedures on Cypher) as stored procedures that regroup a list of procedures  (Neo Technology, 2017). In addition, the graph database offers the possibility to implement algorithms as user defined procedures. It simplifies the querying process.
Shortest Path Algorithms in a Graph Database. The Neo4j graph database is proved suited for the shortest path calculation for transport purposes  (Miler et al. , 2014). The authors compare the performance of Dijkstra implemented on Neo4j and PostgreSQL. Results show that Neo4j outperforms the relational database. It comes from the structure of the graph database, the nodes and relationships are stored in a very compact, quick-to-access format. Once a node or relationship is retrieved, getting the adjacent relationships or nodes is very fast. However, it stores each node's (and relationship's) properties separately, meaning that looking through properties is relatively slow. Then, accessing to properties file are costly which leads to extra IO. This is the important difference between the graph theory and the graph database.
Existing Database. The CFN, stored in the graph database, is generated from a real-world database which is a NoSQL database. This database uses a MongoDB that stores data in a disconnected way and does not use a graph structure. In MongoDB, data are collected and queried monthly. Then it makes sense to create a relationship per period which is a month of the year. The relationship represents flight information (see Figure  2 ). We dispose of historical data about the last fifteen years. The CFN is generated for two years and has 13,732 nodes and 1,148,303 relationships.
EXPERIMENTS In this section, we evaluate the algorithms to solve the FRP on real-world datasets. The SP decomposition algorithms used massive parallelism. However, the FRP algorithms used more optimization than parallelism. In other words, we are especially interested in comparing the runtime of the algorithms which im-pacts the user experience of PlanetOptim. Besides, the number of scanned nodes by the algorithm. This metric is very important since it determines the accessed property values (criteria) of a relation. Those properties are accessed incurs extra IO the first time. The reason is that properties reside in a separate store file from the relationships (after that, however, they are cached)  (Robinson et al. , 2015). Our experimental protocol aims to answer the following questions: Which algorithm is the fastest and, will, therefore provide the best user experience? Is it worthwhile to design algorithms for flight radius problem compared to the decomposition into shortest path problems? Does reduction of the number of scanned nodes lead to a reduction of the runtime? How does the performance evolve with the number of criteria? First, we present how the benchmarks instances have been generated.
Instances Generation The CFN contains historical data for the years 2016 and 2017 (24 year-months). Each year-month corresponds to a different graph. The condensed flight network contains 13,732 nodes and 1,148,303 arcs. A benchmark instance must specify the year-month, the OD-pair (o, d), the number of criteria, and their regrets. The number of criteria is one (time), two (time, distance), or three (time, distance, cost). For each criterion, two values are considered for its regret K: 0 and the median (over all relations and year-months). The value 0 means that only shortest paths passing through the arc (o, d) are valid, whereas many other paths are valid with the median. For instance, the median duration of a flight is approximately two hours. So a path between i and j passing through the arc (o, d) is valid if it does not exceed the duration of the shortest path between i and j by four hours (the median duration plus the minimum connection time).
CONCLUSION This work presents some algorithms for solving the FRP on the CFN. The problem was formulated as finding a maximal subgraph, in terms of nodes, such that each node supports a path satisfying a regret constraint. This constraint is used to model passengers preferences: time, cost, or distance. We propose four algorithms based on SPA to solve the FRP. These algorithms combine sequential and parallel processing to overcome time and memory costs. We are working on an industrial context: the CFN is generated from a Milanamos database and stored in a graph database. Implementing SPA in graph databases is challenging since accessing to properties files, where criteria information are stored, is costly. This is the important difference between graph theory and graph database. Then, two metrics are used to evaluate algorithm's performances: runtime and number of scanned nodes.
Acknowledgments The FLEXPART-WRF model is available at the official FLEXPART website (http://flexpart. eu). NOAA P-3 data are available and can be downloaded at the NOAA website (https://esrl. noaa. gov/csd/groups/csd7/measurements/2013senex/P3/ DataDownload/). The lognormal Bayesian inverse software was developed at  NOAA/ESRL/CSD  and  CIRES. We thank  NOAA 's  High Performance Computing Program  for their support in running FLEXPART-WRF. D. K. H. and N. B. acknowledge support from  NOAA Climate Program Office  (CPO;  NA14OAR4310136 ) and  NASA GEO-CAPE.
The masterlog also provides parameters such as the weight on bit [T], rate of penetration (see above), drill revolution per minute, surface drilling string torque [lbf. ft], and mud injection pressure  [bar]. In addition to that, mud loggers duplicate these sensors and acquire other parameters such as mudflow rate in and out [l/min], mud temperature in and out  [°C]. Mud parameters, such as density, viscosity, salinity are also carefully followed and adjusted by mud engineers. These data are gathered together on a day-to-day basis by mud loggers (the Masterlog). The characteristics of the drilling mud are also recorded in the survey reports. In Rittershoffen, an improved bentonitic mud, resistant to high temperature (HT), was used. For the geothermal reservoir (phase 8 1/2), a biodegradable polymer with salt water was used.
The boundary between Mesozoic and Cenozoic is marked by a major unconformity (gap of 125 Ma. ). The Zone de Transition made by mixed facies (Eocene deposits and reworked Jurassic) is difficult to characterize especially since deposits are very thin or nonexistent. In most of old wells, the great thickness given for this formation is often wrong because almost always overvalued. The results shown by this article reflect the scale of these investigations. Furthers studies using the same raw data with a greater degree of investigation would produce additional lithostratigraphic subdivisions or could lead to the regrouping of others. Fundings/Acknowledgements. The present work has been done under the framework of the LABEX ANR-11-LABX-0050-G-EAU-THERMIE-PROFONDE and benefits from a state funding managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the "Investments for the Future" program.