dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Method Based on a national questionnaire survey through a group of professional pediatric massage practitioners via Wechat, we finalized the ancient books that would be included. We applied the following keywords (in Chinese language,which all mean diarrhea), for searching,i. e. Xie (泻), Xie (泄), Xiexie (泄泻), Li(痢), Tang(溏), Li(利), Zhuxia(注下), in the fifth electronic version of Chinese Medical Classics (v2. 0-2006). We manually searched the books that could not be found in the electronic system. All the items about childhood diarrhea were put into an excel for data extraction. We included the items that were associated with pediatric massage acupoints, manipulation and treatment prescription, and excluded those belonged to the etiology and pathogenesis, syndromedifferentiation or other treatments of pediatric diarrhea.
Methods We considered TPM texts like "Makhzan-al-Advyeh", "Tohfeh", "Exir-e-aazam" and, "teb-e-Akbari" searching for therapeutic effects of fennel and its derivative formulas. Then, we look for English and Persian databases including pubmed, web of science, scopous, google scholar, chocrain library, SID, Iran medex and, Magiran in order to find new published surveys in this field.
Methods Quantitative and qualitative evaluation with mood questionnaire  [2]  and semi structured interviews based on method of Qualitative Contents Analysis and Grounded Theory before and after each session. HRV and RR measurement was performed during pre-rest period, intervention  [3]  and post-rest period, using an ECG recorder with respiration sensor (MK3, TOM Medical). SimpleView© (Version 2. 2, Release 15, TOM Medical) and MatLab© programming was used for analysis of HRV.
P321 …To take medicine into the picture … art therapy and well-beinga pilot study in prevention and health promotion Renate Oepen 1 , Harald Gruber 1 , Peter Heusser The evaluation was conducted using quantitative and qualitative methods. In the quantitative analysis, the change of habitual wellbeing was assessed with the SF-36 Health Survey, the change of current well-being with the Complaint List (B-L) and the Scale of Current Mood (ASTS). The qualitative analysis aimed to generate art therapeutic work factors. It was carried out by the structured content analysis of Mayring. These data were obtained on the basis of two interviews, conducted about two and five weeks after the project day, with selected subjects.
Results Forty participants were recruited: 23 had face-to-face TC lessons (group1), whilst 17 had no TC lessons for 3 months, and then had TC lessons delivered over the internet (group2). Quantitative data showed trends in improvements, but no statistical significance. In qualitative interviews and questionnaires, 58%of participants reported improvements in breathing (group 1 = 70%, group 2 = 30%), including being able to take larger breaths, breathe better at night, and improved expectoration (45%). Improved posture (45%), and feeling calmer and less stressed (90%) were also reported.
Thus research into prevention and supportive therapies is necessary and beneficial for this disorder. Methods Entropy clustering analyzing the literatures of case reports about the preschool children with pneumonia treated by TCM, it was to extract the new prescriptions. A database of inflammation-related action targets for new core prescriptions was established by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP). And the interactions between targets were analyzed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Moreover, the inflammation-related signaling pathways of new prescriptions were analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).
First explanation of dysmenorrhea was found in the Al-Zahrawis masterpieces Al-tasrif in detail. It can be helpful to test this suggestions as ideas for clinical researches. Key words: Dysmenorrhea-Al-Zahrawi-Menstruation-Traditional Persian Medicine. Elements in TCM are one of the most fundamental similarity. This is a review study, which extracted, classified and compared related concepts in TPM and TCM, conducted on original sources. The Web databases SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, Google scholar, Pubmed and.
Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is prescribed in an individualized fashion according to syndrome differentiation results grounded in Chinese medicine diagnostic theory. But in modern practice CHM is also used in a standardized manner for a specific biomedical diagnosis. It is argued that the individualized approach would yield better out- come but this is yet to be evaluated. This meta-epidemiological study aims to investigate difference in effect estimation between randomized controlled trials (RCT) of individualized and standard- ized CHM treatment. Methods We searched Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from its inception till March 2016. Meta-analysis which contained RCTs evalu- ating both standardized and individualized CHM treatment were in- cluded. Ratios of odds ratios (RORs) and difference in standard mean difference (SMD) were used to measure the difference of effect estima- tion between individualized and standardized treatment for dichotom- ous and continuous outcomes, respectively.
8%) and adverse events (6/9,66. 7%). Some reviews assessed mortality (3/9,33. 3%), cure rate (2/9,22. 2%), efficiency (1/9,11. 1%) and Glasgow coma scale (2/ Methods We searched six databases (including CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP, SinoMed, Cochrane Library and PubMed) until October 2016, and included the SRs of RCTs concerning Shuxuetong injection for IS. AMSTAR scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality. 9,22. 2%). P296 Results "There are more things in heaven and earth. " How knowledge Ten reviews (involve 136 RCTs with more than 11508 participants) about traditional healing affects clinical practice: A qualitative were included in this overview, the AMSTAR scales of these reviews study were among 3 to 7 with an average of 5. 6. Most of reviews assessed Anette L Larsen 1 , Anita Salamonsen 1 , Agnete E Kristoffersen 1 , clinical efficiency (9/10, 90.
Thus research into prevention and supportive therapies is necessary and beneficial for this disorder. Methods Entropy clustering analyzing the literatures of case reports about the preschool children with pneumonia treated by TCM, it was to extract the new prescriptions. A database of inflammation-related action targets for new core prescriptions was established by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP). And the interactions between targets were analyzed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Moreover, the inflammation-related signaling pathways of new prescriptions were analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Keywords: pediatric massage, diarrhea, children, Chinese ancient book, review P298 Comparison of anxiolytic effects of the homeopathic complex Vita-C 15 in compared with Aconitum napellus in the acutely stressed C57BL6 mice Siaw M Liew (charisliew88@gmail.
org) Correspondence: Seyyedali Mozaffarpour (Seyyedali1357@gmail. com) BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, 17(Suppl):P303 BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, 17(Suppl):P301 Purpose Traditional Hawaiian agricultural technologies are integrated ap- proaches such as loko I'a (fishponds), māla (cultivated gardens), and lo'i (irrigated patches) that historically sustained significant popula- tions with complete Results Method The Hawai'i Governor signed the bill SB434 SD2 HD1 into law as Act A comprehensive searching has been conducted in six databases 031 on May 5, 2015 to include "Traditional Hawaiian Farming Systems from their inception until December 2015. We included randomized and Small Scale Farming" to Hawaiʻi State Planning Objectives. This bill controlled trials (RCTs) that tested Chinese patent medicine for DR.
Method Six databases were searched through November 2016 for RCTs on Buzhongyiqi decoction for MG. Two authors independently selected literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochranes tool. We performed data analysis using RevMan 5. 3. Results Eleven RCTs involving 663 participants were selected. Overall risk of bias was unclear. Two trials compared Buzhongyiqi decoction with pyridostigmine bromide. One trial (n = 57) observed AchRab, IgG, 1 Two trials (n = 212) compared Buzhongyiqi decoction plus prednis- 1 Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, United Kingdom; 2 SHAS, one with prednisone which showed significant difference in the ef- St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, United Kingdom fective rate I (OR 2. 98, 95% CI1. 58 to 5. 63; I2 = 0%). Five trials Correspondence: Faith Warner (FW148@live.
Suitable participants (n = 25) were asked to Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China complete both tools. Appropriate demographic and inferential statis- Correspondence: Nanqi Zhao (silent1280@163. com) tics were used to analyse the data. Ethical approval was granted by BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, 17(Suppl):P314 Middlesex University. Results Objective Findings from the study and statistical non-parametric analysis suggest a To analyze characteristic of fire needle treating herpes zoster RCT. perceptible relationship between traditional Ayurvedic body-constitution Methods and food-taste preference. It was found that those of kapha, pitta-kapha We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), and tridoshic constitution had a tendency to prefer sweet and pungent China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese VIP Informa- while pitta types were found to have a strong distaste for salt, pungent tion (VIP), Chinese Academic Conference Papers Database and Chinese and bitter.
Vata types had preferences for sour and bitter, compared to the other constitutions. Discussion & Conclusions IgM, IgA and C3 which all showed no significant difference; significant effect showed in the effective rate I (defined by symptoms and signs remission) (OR 0. 72, 95% CI 0. 11 to 4. 67). Other one (n = 40) assessed effective rate II (defined as 25% increasing of relative clinical score) showed no significant difference. Two trials (n = 80) compared Buzhongyiqi decoction with prednisone showed significant difference in the effective rate I (OR 1. 57, 95% CI 0. 53 to 4. 66; I2 = 0%). Dissertation Database (Wanfang), PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Retrieval date was of September 1st, 2016. We chose patients with herpes zoster in acute or sequelae stage as research object and the intervention is fire needle.
Criteria of diagnosis and therapeutic effects of diseases and syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine'. The quality of the RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Objective We evaluated efficacy and safety of Galgeun-tang (Gegen-decotion) versus western medicine for treating cervical spondylosis in the randomized controlled studies RCTs. Methods We systematically searched 10 databases including PubMed; Cochrane Library; EMBASE; two Chinese medical databases (China National Knowledge, Airiti Library); one Japanese medical database (CiNii); and four Korean medical databases (OASIS, KoreaMed, KMBASE, NDSL) until January 2017. There were not any language restrictions for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing Galgeun-tang with western medicine (Celecoxib, Brufen, Ibuprofen, Mecobalamin).
Whereas diets problems more often associated with suicidal behavior are depression high in red and processed meats, potatoes, refined grains and sweets and bipolar disorders, drug and alcohol abuse and schizophrenia, so were associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease. A we might assume that suicide rate in our health care system is not review of the literature was conducted to investigate the health ben- negligible. With the aim to resolve this dramatic reality we contacted efits of chocolate and red wine and whether they modify cardiomet- the Worker's Health Unit (UST) from the southern area of Santiago, who abolic risk. for several years have been carrying out a health care unit that includes Methods complementary medicine for their workers which has demonstrated a PubMed, EBSCO, and Sciencedirect databases were searched using high degree of satisfaction among them.
In many disciplines, data are highly decentralized across thousands of online databases (repositories, registries, and knowledgebases). Wringing value from such databases depends on the discipline of data science and on the humble bricks and mortar that make integration possible; identifiers are a core component of this integration infrastructure. Drawing on our experience and on work by other groups, we outline 10 lessons we have learned about the identifier qualities and best practices that facilitate large-scale data integration.
Lesson 1. Credit any derived content using its original identifier If you manage an online database (repository, registry, or knowledgebase), consider its role in identifying and referencing the knowledge that it publishes. We advise that you only create your own identifiers for new knowledge (Fig  3 ). Wherever you are referring to existing knowledge, do so by using existing identifiers (Lesson 10); otherwise, wherever the 1 to 1 relationship of identifier to entity breaks down, costly mapping problems arise. Whether or not you create a new identifier, it is vital to credit any derived content in a way that includes its indigenous identifiers  [11] ; to facilitate data integration, all such identifiers should be machine processable and transparently mapped.
Lesson 2. Help local IDs travel well: Document prefix and patterns If you reference others' data or anticipate your data being referenced by others, consider how you document your identifiers. Note that you may not know a priori how your data may be used. Data do not thrive in silos: they are most useful when reused, broken into parts, and integrated with other data, for instance in database cross references ("db xrefs"). In spite of how important identifiers are to this process, the confusion with identifiers often starts with the basics, including what the "identifier" even is. A local ID (Fig.
Open access and use The identifier and its label should be able to be transparently referenced and actioned (e. g. , in a public index or search) anywhere by anyone and for any reason. Restrictions on associated data may apply but are not recommended. Enables integration on the basis of scientific merit, rather than on the restrictions of the license. When there are license restrictions on the identifier and/or label (not just the content) it thwarts meaningful reuse and redistribution of whole datasets.
Documented The identifier scheme should be documented. Encourages consistent use of existing identifiers by others and reduces the number of ways identifiers are represented. Inconsistent informal approaches to referencing are difficult to harmonize posthoc. By extension, impact is harder to assess. CURIE, compact uniform resource identifier; Local ID, local identifier; URI, unique resource identifier; URL, uniform resource locator; XML, extensible markup language. guaranteed only to be unique in a given local context (e. g. , a single provider, a single collection, etc. ), and sometimes only within a specific version; as such, it is poorly suited to facilitate data integration because it can collide when considered in a more global landscape of many such identifiers. For instance, the local ID "9606" corresponds to numerous entities whose local accessions are based on simple digits, including a Pubmed article, a CGNC gene, a PubChem chemical, as well as an NCBI taxon, a BOLD taxon, and a GRIN taxon.
However, the length of URIs can make them unwieldy for tasks involving human readability even within structured machine-parsable documents. CURIEs  [18]  (Fig  1 ) are a mature world wide web consortium (W3C) standard that is well established in some contexts (e. g. , JSON-LD and RDFa) as they enable URIs to be understood and conveniently expressed. We, the authors, are not absolutist about anyone using CURIEs; however, we agree that the features that make for good URIs also happen to make CURIEs possible (for those who wish to use them; S2 Text). Thus, if you are a database provider, it is in your best interests to document and preferably register (a) the prefix (Fig  1 ) that you would like others to use and (b) its binding to a URI pattern (Fig  1 ). Your chosen prefix should be unique, at least among datasets that are likely to be used in the same context; choose the registry/registries that is appropriate for your data type and discipline; a list of such registries is available in S2 Table together with their corresponding registration uniform resource locators (URLs).
Lesson 3. Opt for simple, durable web resolution A core component of persistent identification is redirection, the absence of which makes it extremely difficult to provide stable identifiers. When designing (or refining) your http URI strategy: • Consider a resolution provider before doing it yourself. If you are a database provider, you must implement an http URI pattern (Fig 3B ) for local IDs to be resolvable to a web page. If you choose to outsource to a resolver service, use an approach that adheres to best practice  [14]  (e. g. , digital object identifier ([DOI] DataCite, CrossRef), Identifiers. org, Handle. net, PURL (now via InternetArchive), EPIC, ARK) and be mindful of your constraints regarding cost, metadata ownership, turnaround time, versioning support, etc (see S3 Text for a more comprehensive list of considerations).
Lesson 5. Design new identifiers for diverse uses by others Preexisting identifiers should be referenced without modifications (see  Lesson 10). However, if you create new local IDs, there are some design decisions that can facilitate their use in diverse contexts (spreadsheets, other databases, web applications, publications, etc. ). • Avoid problematic characters. Local IDs should, wherever possible, comprise only letters, numbers, and URL-safe delimiters. Omission of other special characters guards against corruption and mistranscription in many contexts; however, it is acceptable that the local ID be in CURIE format because modern browsers resolve colons without having to encode them. Although characters "/" and "?" are technically URL-safe, they are very problematic when used within the local ID, as these characters are assumed to have special meaning and can complicate parsing of the identifiers, whatever forms they take.
Lesson 6. Implement a version-management policy Whether you produce original data, or reference data from others, consider the impact of data changes. The nature, extent, and speed of data changes impact how data can be referenced and used. Document your chosen version management practice: if you issue identifiers, the change history for the entity should be either documented or retrievable with a URL-based query. Alternatively, the identifier itself can be versioned whether or not change history is also supported. Embedding versioning in identifiers is recommended if the prevailing use of an unversioned identifier results in "breaking changes" (e. g. , a change in the hypothesized cause of a disease). However, if new information about the entity emerges slowly and the changes are "nonbreaking", it is reasonable to instead maintain a machine-actionable change history in the entity's metadata.
Release-level versioning is usually performed for defined data releases. However, use cases vary; some user communities need to resolve individual archived entities via a deterministically-versioned URI pattern, for example as is done in Ensembl (e. g. , http://e85. ensembl. org/id/ENSMUSG00000033577). If you do not have the ability (or common use case) to maintain individually resolvable-archived records, we strongly recommend that you (a) support export to files so that users can archive the records they need, and (b) make snapshots available for the database, whether in whole or in parts  [29]. If you version identifiers at the level of the individual record, the most common approach in the life sciences is to version in the local ID after the "dot", as per UniProt in Fig  5A1  and Table  2.
Maintaining version information solely in metadata (e. g. , without suffixing) is possible; this approach is truer to Lesson 4 ("Avoid embedding meaning") but is also so technically difficult that few providers do it well. To our knowledge thus far, Zenodo. org is the only provider that comprehensively supports the metadata-only versioning (shown in  Identifiers that you have exposed publicly, whether as http URIs or via APIs, may be deprecated but must never be deleted or reassigned to another record. If you issue identifiers, consider their full life cycle: there is a fundamental difference between identifiers which point to experimental datasets (GenBank/ENA/DDBJ, PRIDE, etc. ) and identifiers which point to a current understanding of a biological concept (Ensembl Gene, UniProt record, etc.
Recommended Handling Example Obsoletion: If an entry has been removed or deprecated, the original identifier must still resolve to a "tombstone page". Reasons for obsolescence should be indicated. If the obsoleted ID is replaced by another ID, the replacement must be present and also described as automatic or suggested, preferably using some controlled vocabulary, for instance the ontology properties iao:replaced_by and obo:consider, respectively. The standards for this are still evolving. The obsoleted ID must never be reassigned to another entity. A list of obsoleted IDs should be maintained. For archived records that are out of date, make this clear to the user and provide a link to the updated version (see http://www. uniprot. org/uniprot/P12345. 1, for instance). Although it is good practice for each database website to include general citation guidance for users  [32] , it is increasingly important to provide a prepopulated citation at the level of each record.
Lesson 9. Document the identifiers you issue and use The global-scale identification cycle is a shared responsibility and provider and/or consumer roles often overlap in the context of data integration. Whether you issue your own identifiers or just reference those of others, you should document your identifier policies. S3 Table provides a set of questions that data providers and redistributors can use to develop such documentation. Documentation should be published alongside and/or included together in a dataset description, for instance, as outlined in the recommendations for Dataset Descriptions developed by the W3C Semantic Web in the Health Care and Life Sciences Interest Group  [34]. For examples of such documentation see ChEMBL  [35]  and Monarch  [36] ; the format may vary.
Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank  Mary Todd Bergman ,  Ewan Birney ,  Fiona Cunningham ,  Richard Cyganiak ,  Adam Faulconbridge ,  Andrew M. Jenkinson ,  Sirarat Sarntivijai ,  Stephanie Suhr ,  Eleanor Williams ,  Andy Yates ,  Tim Clark , and  Martin Fenner  for their valuable feedback and suggestions. We also wish to thank the  BioMedBridges Scientific Advisory Board  for the suggestion to address this important issue.
http://dx. doi. org/10. 5281/zenodo. 18003 doi:10. 5281/zenodo. 18003 https://zenodo. org/record/18003 http://purl. uniprot. org/uniprot/A0A022YWF9 UniProt:A0A022YWF9 http://identifiers. org/biosample/SAMEA2397676 BioSample:SAMEA2397676 http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/biosample/SAMEA2397676 http://zfin. org/ZDB-GENE-980526-166 ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-980526-166 ENSEMBL:ENSMUSG00000033577 http://uswest. ensembl. org/Mus_musculus/Gene/ Summary?g=ENSMUSG00000033577 http://www. ensembl. org/id/ENSMUSG00000033577 B) URIs C) Access URLs <prefix>:<local ID> http://www. uniprot. org/uniprot/A0A022YWF9 same as URI (no redirection) http://asia. ensembl. org/Mus_musculus/Gene/ Summary?g=ENSMUSG00000033577 A) Compact URI (CURIE) http://www. informatics. jax. org/accession/MGI:80863 MGI:80863 http://www. informatics.