dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
CONCLUSION This work is based on the comparison of IAQ indices. Eight indices found in the literature were calculated and compared using thedata of the French dwelling measurement campaign (567 housings) as inputs. By analysing the outputs and indices' original definitions, the advantages and drawbacks have been listed and the definition of a new index called ULR-IAQ has been proposed. The new index seems to give a better representation of the IAQ of the studied dwellings. In particular, the index allows the detection of bad IAQ caused by one (or more) pollutants, ability not included in the existing indices. The new index permits to limit the list of pollutants of interest to a minimum, alist in agreement with previous prioritization studies  (INDEX, 2005; Kirchner et al. , 2007).
Cosmetovigilance database on other dermo-cosmetic products and specific ingredients are taken into account in these evaluations. Step 4: Other analyses The physico-chemical, microbiological and compatibility characteristics of the product and its packaging are also evaluated. Step 5: Postmarketing surveillance The Pierre Fabre cosmetovigilance department ensures systematic collection, recording and analysis of undesirable events (serious and non-serious) spontaneously reported by customers or physicians, which occurred during or after normal or reasonably foreseeable use of a cosmetic product in all the countries where the product is marketed. A cosmetovigilance index (CVI) is calculated according to the Pierre Fabre worldwide Cosmetovigilance System. The CVI, categories are the following: class I: very good tolerance, class II: good tolerance, class III: medium tolerance and class IV: poor tolerance.
†All the subjects presenting functional signs on the face at T0 had sensitive dry skin. ‡All the subjects presenting physical signs on the face at T0 and W3 had sensitive dry skin, apart from one subject who had sensitive normal skin. §All the subjects presenting functional signs on the body at T0 had sensitive dry skin. ¶All the subjects presenting physical signs at T0 and W3 on the body had sensitive dry skin. first evaluation (1 week), as shown by the SCORAD results (Fig. 2 ). Postmarketing cosmetovigilance The CV index was calculated for the product with data collected since the product commercialization. The CV index calculated on the basis of cosmetovigilance data collected since August 2010 is class I grade (very good tolerance).
8] [29] [30] [31] [32]  Preliminary data from a cohort study has shown a potential primary prevention interest for emollients,  33  however the results from a larger cohort in two studies did not confirm this hypothesis (European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) 2019 Congress: Session HT 2 (Boyle) and abstract TP0986 (Skjerven). Presented June 2 and 3, 2019). Efficacy assessment for products in AD patients is based on clinical evaluation of signs and symptoms of AD and on the use of SCORAD index. 28 The study cream for baby face and body presented here as an example demonstrated its excellent dermatological tolerability in infants, children and adults with AD. After 3 weeks of use with an average of 2. 0 g per day per subject in adult and paediatric patients with mild AD, there was a full improvement of signs (erythema, roughness, dryness, desquamation) and symptoms (pruritus and sleep loss), as measured by SCORAD.
Accepted Article intensive care unit (ICU) at the time of positive BC, antifungal preexposure defined as administration of systemic antifungal drugs for at least 5 days within 30 days prior to fungaemia (whatever dosage and duration), and outcome at day 30 after the first positive BC as described elsewhere. 19 Because of the retrospective design of the study and the multiple regimens of antifungal drugs prescribed in haematology, it was not possible to reliably collect more data on type, dose, and duration of the antifungal drugs. The type of CVCs, its duration, and the reason for removing it were collected from the Anesthesiology Department. The CVCs were divided into short-term (mainly from ICU) and longterm CVC.
Materials and Methods The data that supports the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. Animal husbandry. Male and female C57BL/6 J mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, Maine) and bred in-house for this study. Per group, 6-9 mice from these mating pairs were used, housed 4-5 per cage at 25 °C on a 12 hr dark/12 hr light cycle and maintained on a chow diet (Purina #5053). All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Research Committees of the University of Southern California and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. particulate collection and extraction. Ambient nPM were collected on Zeflour PTFE filters (Pall Life Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI) by means of a High-Volume Ultrafine Particle (HVUP) Sampler 48 at 400 L/min flow rate at the Particle Instrumentation Unit (PIU) of USC within 150 m downwind of a major freeway (Interstate 110).
Daily caloric intake, number of eating events, and average consumption per event was calculated. Spontaneous locomotor activity on the x and y axis was measured every minute with infrared light beams. For energy expenditure and respiration O 2 and CO 2 concentrations were measured in each cage every 10 mins and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was calculated as VCO 2 /VO 2. Energy expenditure was calculated using the Weir Equation (heat = kcal/hr = (3. 815 + 1. 232 × RER) × (VO 2 )). Values were normalized to body weight. Behavior testing. All behavioral testing was performed on mice between 12-15 weeks of age. Open field exploration. Mice were placed in a black Plexiglass box (40 × 45 × 35 cm) for one 30-min testing period. Movement was recorded and analyzed by Noldus software. Velocity, total distance traveled, and time spent in periphery versus center were analyzed.
Novel object exploration index was calculated by dividing exploration of the novel object by total exploration. Elevated plus. Mice were tested for anxiety behavior on the elevated plus maze (67 cm arm length, 5. 5 cm arm width, 39. 5 cm height). Mice were allowed free exploration for 5 minutes, with movement recorded and analyzed by Noldus software. Total movement, time spent in open arms, and number of arm entries was measured. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTTs) were carried out on mice that were fasted for 5 hours, as described previously  52. A baseline blood sample (0 timepoint) was obtained through the tail vein prior to mice being injected with 1 g/kg body weight of glucose (10% wt/vol in sterile H 2 O) into the peritoneal cavity.
8). Protein concentration was determined by a BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific), after which the samples were centrifuged at 10,000 g for 20 minutes. For each sample, 10 μl of the supernatant was diluted with 70 μl of borate buffer to which 20 μl aliquots of 6-aminoquinol-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate were added to form the fluorescent derivatives. After incubation at 37 °C for 10 minutes, concentrations of neurotransmitters and their metabolites were determined by HPLC on a Waters 2707 Autosampler instrument (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA), according to the manufacturer's protocols. Data acquisition was managed by Empower 2 software (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA).
Flow cytometry. Fresh samples of adipose tissue was weighed and digested with 200 U/ml Type-IV-collagenase (Worthington Biochemical Corporation, Lakewood, NJ) at 37 °C for one hour and passed through a 70 µm cell strainer (Corning). Cells from the stromal vascular fraction were stained with antibodies to the following surface markers: CD45, CD4, CD25, CD127, ST2, Lineage (CD3ε, CD11c, CD11b, B220, Ter-119, Gr-1, FcεRIα, and γδ T-cell receptor) (eBioscience, San Diego, CA). Thereafter, cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained for intracellular FoxP3 expression (eBioscience, San Diego, CA). T-cell subsets and type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were then isolated using an 8-color FACS Aria III cell sorter and a FACS Diva instrument for data collection (BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA). The following gating strategies were used: CD45 + CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + to isolate regulatory T-cells (Tregs); CD45 + CD4 + CD25 + CD127 high FOXP3 -for T effector cells (Teffs); and Lin -CD45 + CD127 + ST2 + for ILC2s.
Immune cell subsets were quantified with Flowjo X software (Ashland, OR), which were back calculated to total cell counts and normalized to adipose tissue weight, as previously described  55. Statistical analyses. Differences in measured variables between control and nPM-exposed mice were determined by Student's t-test (PRISM v6. 01). Values are expressed as mean ± SE and differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0. 05.
Acknowledgements We are grateful to  Jenna Harrigan  for her contribution to determining hepatic lipid content and thank the  CHLA Rodent Metabolic Core  for assistance with the in vivo metabolic studies. This study was supported by  NIH  grants  P01ES022845 ,  R01ES021801 ,  R01ES025786 ,  R01ES016959 ,  R01HL133169 ,  P30ES007048 , and  U. S. EPA  Grant  RD83544101. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
e training of a surgeon should no longer be limited to the theoretical and practical teaching of the treatment of diseases of the specialty, with the main focus being the surgical procedure. [3] aking into account, the quality and safety of care is imperative. In addition to the decisionmaking capacity, the information given to patients as well as the risk management must be a new priority and must be integrated into the initial training. e worldwide literature  [3]  on patient safety reveals the importance of medical risks in hospital structures with 350,000-460,000 serious events per year in France, of which 120,000-190,000 can be considered as available. [2] Data on 1,777,035 patients for the years 2006-2011 were acquired from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.
Communication and coordination, mainly due to inadequate or ineffective communication, have been often implicated. Half of the reports have blamed complex interactions in a sociotechnical environment. ese methodologies are useful. Exploited carefully, they must guide our mitigation and response strategies better than simple assumptions and opinions. It is time to create a database that could be used in the neurosurgical career development by creating a specific training module for managing risks and complications. is teaching that we should organized must be focused to the practical implementation and the study of scenarios thanks to workshops in small groups, exercises in simulation based on real scenarios. To create this bank of scenarios close to the field, teams of experts must be involved: neurotraumatology, cerebrovascular, tumors, spine, functional neurosurgery, neuropediatrics, and peripheral nerves.
Objective. To briefly describe the process of establishment and preliminary results of the Mérida Population-based Cancer Registry (Mérida-PBCR) Materials and methods. Mérida-PBCR started in 2016 as a research project in the IMSS, with a gradual increase in its information sources. It covers a population of 908 536 inhabitants. Data collection is active and passive, international standards are used; CanReg5 software enables data entry, storage and analysis. Results. Current data include 71. 5% of sources. For the period 2015-2016, a total of 2 623 new cancer cases were registered, the majority of these (60. 1%) among females. 81. 5% of the cases had morphological verification. Prostate (17. 4%), colorectal (8. 5%) and stomach (8. 1%) cancers were the most common among males, and breast (31.
Resumen Objetivo. Describir brevemente el proceso de implementación y resultados preliminares del Registro de Cáncer de Base Poblacional (RCBP) de Mérida. Material y métodos. RCBP-Mérida inició en 2016 como un proyecto de investigación del IMSS, con cobertura poblacional de 908 536 habitantes. El número de fuentes de información ha incrementado gradualmente. Se realizó colección de datos de forma pasiva y activa en software CanReg5 utilizando estándares internacionales. Resultados. Se han incluido al RCBP-Mérida 71. 5% de las fuentes de información. Durante 2015-2016 se registraron 2 623 casos nuevos, la mayoría (60. 1%) mujeres. El 81. 5% de los casos tuvo verificación morfológica. En hombres, el cáncer de próstata (17. 4%), colorrectal (8. 5%) y estómago (8. 1%) son los más comunes; en mujeres, mama (31.
Data collection An ad hoc data collection format was designed as part of the project to collect the socio-demographic, tumor and source information as suggested by IARC. 5  Data collection is both active and passive. Registrars (mainly nurses) actively visit the information sources to abstract the cancer cases from the clinical records. Some institutions provide consolidated databases, in which case the registrars review a subset of clinical records for diagnostic verification and complementary information if required. Cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are not actively sought. Death certificates are obtained annually in electronic format from the Yucatán Ministry of Health Office. They include information regarding deaths certified in the state of Yucatán. All information is validated before being capture into the system with particular attention to the residence status in Mérida and the metropolitan area.
Processes and quality control A Manual of procedures was written at the start of the registry and has been reviewed during the external site visits. Coding follows the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3). 16 For data entry, quality checks and data analysis, the registry uses CanReg5, IARC's free software, which facilitates identification of duplicates and of the use of non-existent codes, and also verifies internal consistency by applying standard validations. 17 Main data quality indicators, e. g. the percentage of cases with microscopic verification (MV%) and percentage of cases notified by death certificate only (DCO%) are also obtained using the CanReg analysis. The CanReg5 program was used to estimate the agestandardized incidence rates (ASR) per 100 000 inhabitants, using the direct method and the world standard population.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to express their gratitude for the support received from the  National Council for Science and Technology  ( Conacyt-PDCPN-2014/248635 ) and the  Health Research Fund of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (Fondo de Investigación en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ,  FIS/IMSS/Prot/2014/1395 ) for carrying out the present work. PBCR-Mérida is deeply grateful to  Dr. Mendoza-Mezquita  for his commitment and support in the development of this project. The authors are grateful to the Mérida cancer registry team, FunSalud, and  Patronato del Incan. PBCR-Mérida deeply thanks  Dr. Vargas-Becerra , of the  Health Research Council-IMSS , for his critical review.
Implant Simulation For the simulation of "CI like" speech processing, we used a vocoder implemented in Matlab ® (MathWorks, Natick, MA) to simulate an FC and a CP coding strategy. We did not simulate channel interaction in this study. A diagram representing the signal processing performed by the vocoder is shown in Figure  1. The different steps of the signal processing are as follows: • The input signal goes through a pre-emphasis filter, which is a high-pass filter (cut-off frequency 1. 2 kHz and slope 3 dB/octave).
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank the people and institutions who participated in this study:  Kevin Perreault  who initiated the work,  Charles-Alexandre Joly  and  Fabien Seldran  for their scientific contribution,  Evelyne Veuillet  for contacts with the ethic-committee, the members of the  CRIC team of the Edouard Herriot University hospital of Lyon  for their collaboration, the normal-hearing subjects and the cochlear implant users who entered the study and the  Hospitals of Lyon and the Polytechnic School of Lyon  for their administrative support.
No exemption other than medical contraindication is accepted. The law is not retroactive, meaning that only children born since 1 January 2018 are concerned  [7]. This decision was highly debated and several experts expressed their concern about a potential counterproductive effect, fearing that it could 'convert vaccine hesitancy into a more extreme anti-vaccination stance' or 'fuel further unfounded resistance to life-saving vaccines'  [8, 9]. One year later, we present a first assessment of the impact of the law on vaccination coverage (VC) for children born in 2018 and therefore concerned by the measure. We also present data for some vaccinations given to children born before 2018 in order to assess the potential consequences of this change on VC of recommended vaccines.
Source of vaccination coverage data We used the National Social Security Reimbursement Database, which contains the reimbursement data for all drugs, including vaccines, for more than 99% of the population. Past experience has validated the use of this database to estimate VC through comparison with routine VC estimates obtained by the analysis of the child health certificates mandatorily filled at 24 months  [10]. Virtually 100% of reimbursements of vaccines delivered in a given month are available two months later in the database. Data were extracted in March 2019, therefore allowing measurement of vaccination activities for 2018 as a whole.
Vaccination coverage for children concerned by the vaccination mandates Vaccine coverage for diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae b, as measured by the 24 months child health certificates, has been at least 98% for many years because of the quasiexclusive use of hexavalent or pentavalent (excluding the hepatitis B component) vaccines for primo vaccination. Estimates of coverage for these antigens cannot be generated through the National Social Security Reimbursement Database because we excluded from the analysis all children in their first year of life with no reimbursement of any DTP-containing vaccine. This was to account for the very low percentage of children (estimated ca 5%) who benefit from free vaccination in the Maternal and Child Health clinics  [11].
Introduction The 2013-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa was larger than all prior combined outbreaks, resulting in 28 616 confirmed, probable and suspected cases in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. 1  Contact tracing and monitoring contact persons for 21 days were key measures to halt transmission. 2 While it is essential to understand the transmission dynamics of the disease and the clinical spectrum of EVD and its implication, the frequency of asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic infections among contact persons remains unclear. 3  frequency of seropositivity against Ebola virus has been evaluated in several studies during the previous outbreaks in Africa. 6] [7] [8] [9]  A recent study in Sierra Leone among 481 contact persons to EVD cases collected data on exposure, symptoms after exposure and results of a glycoprotein IgG capture assay on oral fluid.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes balance and walking disorders. Gait initiation is the complex transition between standing and walking and is characterized by two distinct phases: the anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) phase followed by the execution of the first step phase. Research aim: To determine alterations in the APA during gait initiation in patients with MS. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in May 2018. The search was carried out by the use of the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The following keywords were used: MS, gait initiation, step initiation, and postural adjustment(s). Outcomes of interest were the variables generally used to assess APA, including electromyography, force-plate data, or video-based data, duration of APA, and length of first step.
Search strategy This review was performed in accordance with PRISMA Guidelines PRISMA (http://www. prisma-statement. org/) Table  1. A systematic search was conducted in May 2018. The search was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The following keywords and medical subject headings were used: multiple sclerosis AND gait initiation OR step initiation OR postural adjustment(s). Only articles published in the English language were considered. There was no limit to the year of publication. Articles were excluded if the article was a case report or if the article was not peer reviewed.
Data extraction An eligibility assessment was performed by screening the title and reading the abstract (Fig. 2 ). Due to methodological study heterogeneity (differences in procedures to induce gait initiation), there was a lack of comparative data and the meta-analysis could not be performed; therefore, data are presented descriptively. The following data were extracted from selected studies: study design (case-control study, cohort study), population characteristics (gender, age, EDSS, MS form), instrumentation used, devices and procedures for gait initiation assessment (electromyography (EMG), force platform, instruction for gait initiation), reported outcome parameters, study results (CoP and CoM spatiotemporal parameters including displacements, velocity, and acceleration), kinematics, duration of APA, EMG results, and ground reaction force and step length.
Results After a systematic search of the databases, we retrieved 180 articles (Fig. 2 ). Nine articles were included in this review: 8 case-control studies and one transversal study  [16, [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]. A total of 215 MS patients (132 women, 49 men, sex was not specified for 34 patients) and 116 healthy subjects (76 women, 25 men, sex was not specified for 15 subjects) were included. The sex ratio for controls was similar to that for MS patients. For the 2 studies by Krishnan, the sample of MS patients and healthy subjects was the same; therefore, patients and healthy subjects were counted only once  [21, 22]. For all the studies, ages ranged from 22 to 76 years old. In MS patients, EDSS scores ranged from 1 to 7. Thirty-seven patients had relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 2 patients had secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and 1 patient had primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), 20 patients presented a Clinical Isolated Syndrome (CIS).
Quality assessment of studies According to the Ottawa scale checklist, all the studies were of moderate quality. A detailed overview of the quality of the studies is   Step length in MS patients was shorter. There were no effects of dual tasks on step length. MS patients with low disability presented a reduced of step length. This change could be a compensation strategy to avoid the approach of stability boundaries during gait initiation. During cognitive tasks, MS patients prioritized motor task to maintain balance, that suggested reduced divided attention capacity. 20 healthy subjects (13 women, 7 men), mean age 33. 3 ± 8. 5 SD (continued on next page) provided in Table  3. Total scores ranged from 5 to 6 stars out of a possible nine stars. No study satisfied all the selection criteria. No study reported information about the selection of a healthy population (selection criteria 3), and no study described the manner in which MS patient data were collected (exposure criteria 1), highlighting potential selection bias.