dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
One study (4) detected a 12 ± 3 ppm oxygen isotope difference between Earth and the Moon. However, this was based on only 3 lunar basalts and 8 terrestrial samples (11 if mineral separates are counted as individual samples). These findings were challenged by a subsequent study, which concluded that the Moon and Earth were isotopically indistinguishable at the ±5 ppm (2 SEM) level  (5). However, this study was also based on a relatively small suite, comprising 8 lunar samples and 4 terrestrial samples (6 if mineral separates are counted as individual samples). The present study was based on 16 distinct lunar samples (32 if mineral separates were counted as individual samples) and 21 distinct terrestrial samples. The terrestrial data were augmented by 13 distinct olivine fractions  (19)  analyzed at the Open University under identical conditions to the data in the present study.
In view of the small difference between the mean D 17 O composition of the terrestrial and lunar suites, one potential problem in using analyses collected over extended time periods is the possibility of some form of analytical drift, perhaps resulting from a change in the isotopic composition of the reference gas. To examine this possibility, we have compiled all the obsidian standards data obtained throughout the course of this study. The analyses from our olivine study  (19)  were made during 2012 to 2014, whereas the terrestrial and lunar samples data were obtained during 2014 to 2016. Longer-term systematic drift between the lunar whole rocks and mineral separates and terrestrial samples was unlikely because these were analyzed sequentially. There was a slight overlap in time between the two studies, of about 3 months.
Acknowledgments: The late  Colin Pillinger  was passionate about all aspects of lunar science and was significantly involved in this project during its early stages. We dedicate this paper to his memory. We would also like to dedicate this paper to the memory of  Robert Clayton  who died recently. Robert Clayton  provided assistance at an early stage in this study and his pioneering work in the field of oxygen isotope cosmochemistry has been an inspiration to all the authors of this contribution. J. Gibson  is thanked for her help with all aspects of sample preparation and oxygen isotope analysis. We acknowledge  B. Luz  and  E. Barkan  ( Hebrew University of Jerusalem ) for their assistance with reference gas calibration. We thank  NASA CAPTEM  for the allocation of Apollo lunar samples. Funding: Oxygen isotope studies at the  Open University  were funded by consolidated grants (# ST/1001964/1  and # ST/L000776/1 ) from the  UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.
Other γ-ray ground detectors, namely the H. E. S. S. (ATel #10787), HAWC (ATel #10802) and VERITAS (ATel #10833) Collaborations, reported no significant detection. Considering the potential association between IC170922A and the blazar TXS 0506+56, its location was scrutinized following the ANTARES standard point-source method. In this approach, the directions of a predefined list of neutrino source candidates are investigated to look for an excess of events and to determine a flux upper limit in case of a null observation. The results of this study using 106 pre-selected sources (not including TXS 0506+056) have been recently published  [12]. The data were recorded from January 29, 2007, to December 31, 2015, corresponding to a livetime of 2424 days. The neutrino event selection is optimized following a blinding procedure on pseudodata sets randomized in time before performing the analysis.
Conclusions The GCN circular  [8]  on the EHE neutrino candidate event, IC170922A, has promptly triggered a search for neutrino candidates in the ANTARES online data stream. The position of the IC170922A event at the location of the ANTARES detector is 14. 2 • below the horizon. For neutrino energies below ∼ 100 TeV, ANTARES has competitive sensitivity with respect to IceCube to this position in the sky. No upgoing muon neutrino candidate event was recorded within 3 • around the IC170922A direction within ±1 h centered on the event time. Successively, due to the potential association between IC170922A and the blazar TXS 0506+56, this source has been scrutinized following the ANTARES standard point-source method. TXS 0506+056 was not considered among the 106 pre-selected sources in our recent study  [12] , and a dedicated analysis was done using two additional years of data.
Acknowledgement We thank the  IceCube Collaboration  for sharing information before the public release. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies:  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ,  Commissariat  à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA),  Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program) ,  Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) ,  IdEx program  and  UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cité  ( ANR-10-LABX-0023  and  ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02 ),  Labex OCEVU  ( ANR-11-LABX-0060 ) and the A* MIDEX  project ( ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02 ),  Région Île-de-France (DIM-ACAV) ,  Région Alsace  (contrat CPER),  Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Département du Var and Ville de La.
Computational models of cholera transmission can provide objective insights into the course of an ongoing epidemic and aid decision making on allocation of health care resources. However, models are typically designed, calibrated and interpreted post-hoc. Here, we report the efforts of a team from academia, field research and humanitarian organizations to model in near real-time the Haitian cholera outbreak after Hurricane Matthew in October 2016, to assess risk and to quantitatively estimate the efficacy of a then ongoing vaccination campaign. A rainfall-driven, spatially-explicit meta-community model of cholera transmission was coupled to a data assimilation scheme for computing short-term projections of the epidemic in near real-time. The model was used to forecast cholera incidence for the months after the passage of the hurricane (October-December 2016) and to predict the impact of a planned oral cholera vaccination campaign.
Our first projection, from October 29 to December 31, predicted the highest incidence in the departments of Grande Anse and Sud, accounting for about 45% of the total cases in Haiti. The projection included a second peak in cholera incidence in early December largely driven by heavy rainfall forecasts, confirming the urgency for rapid intervention. A second projection (from November 12 to December 31) used updated rainfall forecasts to estimate that 835 cases would be averted by vaccinations in Grande Anse (90% Prediction Interval [PI] 476-1284) and 995 in Sud (90% PI 508-2043). The experience gained by this modeling effort shows that state-of-theart computational modeling and data-assimilation methods can produce informative near real-time projections of cholera incidence. Collaboration among modelers and field epidemiologists is indispensable to gain fast access to field data and to translate model results into operational recommendations for emergency management during an outbreak.
DA is particularly well suited for operational forecasts, i. e. , for the assimilation of the newly available data in near real-time and the subsequent computation of cholera projections avoiding the repetition of costly calibration approaches. Precipitation forecasts from the Climate Forecast System (CFS) were used as drivers to produce two cholera projections, the first from week 45 (October 29), the second from week 47 (November 12), to the end of 2016. Three scenarios of rainfall forecasts were considered for both projections: S1. Each model realization was forced by a precipitation trajectory assigned by bootstrapping from the last 24 CSF forecasts computed in the week before the beginning of the projections; S2. A heavy rainfall scenario was assigned to all model trajectories by selecting, among the 24 CSF forecasts of S1, the forecast with the maximum total precipitation over Haiti during the forecast period.
This set-up aims at representing the worst-case scenario; S3. We used the actual precipitation data (as measured a posteriori by GPM) to retrospectively compare model forecasts without including uncertainty in rainfall. For each scenario, results were computed with and without vaccination campaign, which consisted in the administration of around 760,000 OCV doses in nine communes of Grande Anse and seven communes of Sud from November 11 to November 18, 2016 (the specific communes are detailed in S1 Appendix). Vaccine efficacy and coverage are the model parameters that determine the impact of the vaccination campaign during the forecast. As their values cannot be determined prior to the vaccination, different forecast scenarios can be produced by varying these parameters. Here we present the forecasts associated with a vaccine efficacy (η) of 87% and a one-dose vaccine coverage (ξ) of 90%, consistently with evidence from a number of recent clinical trials and vaccine efficacy/effectiveness studies  [12, 33, 34].
D. Pasetto ,  J. Lemaitre  and  A. Rinaldo  acknowledge funds provided by the  Swiss National Science Foundation  (http://www. snf. A. Rinaldo acknowledges earlier strategic funding provided by the  European Research Council (ERC)  Grant  RINEC-227612  (http://cordis. europa. eu/project/rcn/89293_en. html). A. Azman acknowledges funds from the  Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation  (https://www. gatesfoundation. org), project number  OPP 90073892. F. Finger  acknowledges support through the  Swiss National Science Foundation Early Postdoc Mobility Fellowship   P2ELP3_175079. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Acknowledgements M. Chaves was partially supported by the  French agency  for research through project ICycle  ANR-16-CE33-0016-01. D. Figueiredo  and  M. A. Martins  are partially supported by the  ERDF European Regional Development Fund  through the  Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation -COMPETE 2020  and by  National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia  within project  POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016692  and project  UID/MAT/ 04106/2013  at  CIDMA. D. Figueiredo  acknowledges the support of  FCT  via the PhD scholarship  PD/BD/114186/2016. This work was partially supported by a France-Portugal partnership PHC PESSOA 2018 between  M. Chaves  ( Campus France  # 40823SD ) and  M. A. Martins  ( POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030947 ).
Type Mammalian protein Zebrafish homologs Accession number Type Mammalian protein Zebrafish homologs Accession number Death receptor TNF (TNFSF2) Birc 5 Tnfa (Tnf1) Birc 5a, Survivin NM_212859 NM_194397 ligands Tnfb (Tnf2) Birc 5b, Survivin 2 NM_00102444 NM_145195 CD95/FasL (TNFSF6) Birc 6 Faslg (Fas ligand) Birc 6 NM_001042701 XM_009293036. 3 Apo2L/TRAIL (TNFSF10) Birc 7 Tnfsf10 (Tnfsf10l2) Birc 7 NM_001002593 NM_001098768 Hsp 70 Tnfsf10l (DL1a) Hsp70 NM_131843 AB062116. 1 BCL-2 family Tnfsf10l3 (DL1b) NM_001042713 (BCL-2 like) Tnfsf10l4 (DL3) NM_001013283 APP Appa NM_131564 TL1A si:ch211-158d24. 4 NM_001123259 (tnfsf15) Death receptor TNFR1 (TNFRSF1A) Tnfrsf1a NM_213190 CD95/Fas (TNFRSF6) Fas XM_021467407 TNFRSF10A and B (DR4 and Hdr (ZH-DR) NM_194391 DR5) TNFRSF10A and B (DR4 and Tnfrsfa (OTR) NM_131840 DR5) TNFRSF21 (DR6) Tnfrsf21 (DR6) NM_001042688 Adaptor protein FADD Fadd XM_001923858 Initiator caspases Caspase 2 NM_001042695 Caspase 4 Caspy NM_131505 Caspy 2 NM_152884 Caspase b, like NM_001145592 zgc:171731 NM_001109712 Caspase 8 Caspase 8a NM_131510 Caspase 8 l1 NM_001098619 Caspase 8 l2 XM_680338 Effector caspases Caspase 3 Caspase 3a NM_131877 Caspase 3b NM_001048066 Caspase 6 Caspase 6a NM_001020497 Caspase 6b NM_001005973 Caspase 6c NM_001039980 Caspase 7 Caspase 7a NM_001020607 Inhibitor of caspases c-FLIP (c-FLAR) Cflara (Cflar) NM_001313772 Birc 2 Birc 2, IAP 1 NM_194395 Birc 4 Birc 4, XIAP NM_194396.
Design Study design and methods have been published previously. 8, 9 Key details are summarized here. Both VIVID-DME (clinicaltrials. gov identifier, NCT01331681) and VISTA-DME (clinicaltrials. gov identifier, NCT01363440) were phase 3, randomized, doublemasked, active-controlled, 148-week trials comparing 2 dosing regimens of intravitreal aflibercept with laser for the treatment of DME. The studies were conducted at 127 sites in the Unites States, Europe, Japan, and Australia and in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and International Conference on Harmonisation. All information presented in this study complies with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act for United States sites. Institutional review board or ethics committee approval was obtained at each site before the studies commenced, and all patients provided written consent.
Changes from Baseline in Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale Scores Of 862 patients in the FAS, 748 (86. 8%) had a baseline DRSS score (Table  1 ). The proportions of DRSS images categorized as ungradable were 25%, 28. 7%, and 25. 2% for the Vienna Reading Center and 2. 6%, 0. 6%, and 2. 0% for the Digital Angiography Reading Center for the laser, 2q4, and 2q8 groups, respectively. A greater proportion of patients treated with intravitreal aflibercept (both 2q4 and 2q8) in both VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME demonstrated a 2-step or more improvement in DRSS scores at weeks 52 and 100 compared with laser-treated patients (Fig  1 ). When the data from the studies were integrated, the proportion of patients who showed a 2-step or more improvement was greater in the pooled intravitreal aflibercept group compared with the laser group (week 52: 31.
Funding This study was funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal and Siemens Portugal; the  Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation ; the  Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Strengthening Fund ; and the  Innovative Vector Control Consortium. NC was partly supported by the project, " Increased susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum of insecticide resistant Anopheles in West Africa " which is a partnership of Swiss TPH with West African institutions funded by the  Swiss Network for International Studies.
Many older species had no designated holotype or lectotype and so, if not previously designated, a syntype was chosen. The depository museum or institution of the typical series has now been indicated. The collection of the subfamilies Lagriinae, Diaperinae and Alleculinae (Tenebrionidae) was reorganised during this revision. Registration numbers were added to all dried specimens. The type specimens database was updated and soon will be available in GBIF.
Acknowledgements Many thanks for the help and financial support provided in the review and reorganization of the collection of type specimens to:  Anna Omedes , Director of the  Natural Sciences Museum of Barcelona ;  Dacha Atienza ,  Collection Head  and Research;  Eulàlia Garcia Franquesa ,  Head Curator ; and  Montserrat Navarro  and  Emma Asensio  for their help in the bibliographic search. We also owe many thanks to  Josep Muñoz Batet  for reviewing the final manuscript and idiomatic notes.
| CONCLUSIONS The era of DAAs has revolutionized HCV therapy, with the vast majority of patients having access to treatment expected to be cured of HCV infection. Recently approved DAA combinations herald a new paradigm of shortened-duration pan-genotypic regimens. A number of factors pre-therapy still determine optimal regimens, duration of therapy, the need for additional ribavirin and on-treatment monitoring for toxicity, but this may not be required in the future as we move towards pan-genotypic regimens. As treatments get easier in terms of adverse effects, and shorter, on-treatment monitoring will also diminish for the vast majority of patients. There is already a study underway to assess response without the need for on-treatment monitoring and clinic visits for non-cirrhotic patients (SMART-C study ClinicalTrials.
There are several RPA-based systems available in the literature that have been successfully validated for antenna characterization. In  [6]  an antenna and a receiver (RX) are installed on-board an RPA for the direct far-field (FF) characterization of high-powered broadcast antenna systems by means of amplitudeonly measurements. The weight of the complete system is 9 kg and its autonomy is 25 minutes in wind speeds up to 30 km/h approximately. A similar system has been presented in  [7]  for the characterization of cellular and multimode networks. The instrumentation on-board the RPA for the antenna characterization is generally composed by a RX antenna and a spectrum analyzer; the RPA control and telemetry system is composed by a mini-computer, a flight controller and GPS systems. Data are sent to the ground control station, composed by a dedicated computer and several TX/RX systems for the telemetry and measurement data reception.
A system for the characterization of the FF of low frequency antenna arrays has been presented in  [8, 9, 10]. The instrumentation is slightly different in this example, where the RPA has been equipped with a continuous-wave transmitter (TX) and an antenna which operates as source while the Antenna Under Test (AUT) can register the amplitude data for different positions of the source. Telemetry and flight control instrumentation is similar to the one in the first presented system although in this case, the RPA is equipped with a differential GPS system in order to achieve centimeter positioning accuracy. However, the main limitation of the previous presented systems is that they work in the FF of the AUT and perform direct acquisition of the power emitted by the AUT (i. e. signal strength) for obtaining its radiation pattern and thus, antenna diagnostics cannot be conducted.
Several tags are fixed to the RPA, avoiding the need for expensive and delicate RF instrumentation onboard, and the RFID reader is connected to the AUT. The reader and the RPA position data are registered while the RPA flights over a set of points surrounding the AUT. The centimeter-level accuracy positioning is achieved using RTK, which is a differential Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that makes use of the GNSS carrier phase  [30]. In particular, two GNSS have been used: Global Positioning System (GPS) and GLONASS. A post-processing algorithm whose inputs are the RFID reader lectures and the RPA position data, is implemented in order to process the acquired data and perform the phase retrieval and NF-FF transformation to obtain the antenna radiation pattern. The proposed solution allows for in-situ antenna NF phaseless characterization over a non-regular grid with reduced costs at the RFID frequency bands.
The proposed system requires two wireless data links: one for connecting RTK beacons and the ground station, and another for RPA telemetry. As mentioned before, the former works in the 2. 4 GHz frequency band, whereas for the selected RPA (DJI Phantom 2) telemetry uses 5. 8 GHz frequency band. As RFID operates at 868 MHz (European band), this frequency planning minimizes the risk of electromagnetic interference even when working in the vicinity of the AUT in order to conduct NF measurements.
Acknowledgements This work has been supported by the  Ministerio de Economa y Competitividad -Gobierno de España  under projects TEC 2014-54005-P (MIRIIEM),  MINECO-15-TEC2014-55290-JIN (PORTEMVISION ); under grants  FPU15/06341  and  FPU15/06431 ; and by the  Gobierno del Principado de Asturias  through the  PCTI 2013-2017 ,  FC-15-GRUPIN14-114. This work has been developed under the framework of the  Universidad de Oviedo postdoctoral degree Expert in Remotely Piloted and Autonomous Flight Aircrafts  (www. dronesuniovi. es).
Study Design CASTOR (clinicaltrials. gov identifier: 02136134) is an ongoing multi-center, open-label, randomized, active-controlled, phase 3 study of D-Vd versus Vd in patients with RRMM who received ≥1 prior line of therapy. The study design and primary results were previously published. 13 iefly, patients were randomized 1:1 to D-Vd or Vd. Randomization was balanced and stratified by International Staging System (I, II, or III) at screening (central laboratory results), number of prior lines of therapy (1 versus 2 or 3 versus >3), and prior bortezomib exposure (no versus yes). The study protocol was approved by an independent ethics committee or institutional review board at each study center, and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines.
Trial registration: clinicaltrials. gov identifier: 02136134. of life (HRQoL) was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 EORTC QLQ-C30 and the EuroQol 5 Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) tools. The Online Supplementary Appendix provides full details of statistical analyses and MRD, cytogenetic, and HRQoL assessments.
These studies aim to further validate MRDnegative status as a surrogate study endpoint. Additional longitudinal MRD evaluation in CASTOR is ongoing and the potential benefit of daratumumab- induced MRD negativity is being explored in studies of newly diagnosed MM (ALCYONE clinicaltrials. gov identifier 02195479; clinicaltrials. gov identifier 02252172; clinicaltrials. gov identifier 02541383; clinicaltrials. gov identifier 03301220.
For both brothers, sport and training were essential. Moreover, both could look back on a semi-professional boxing career. Nikolai Starostin was a famous Soviet football and hockey player until his arrest in 1942 due to an indictment construed by the home secretary Lavrentii Beria. 31 Sentenced to ten years in a labour camp in November 1943, Starostin doubt superficial -keyword search in the electronic database of the Sakharov centre with the keywords sport, fizkul'tura, and futbol' gives a lot of results concerning life before the arrest but hardly any results concerning camp life. The database includes 2,239 ego-documents of former zeki. 28 The newspaper Novye Solovki (New Solovki) was published in the Solovki prison camp from 1925 to the end of 1926 and again in 1929. In 1930 it was renamed Perekovka and later on transferred to the Belbaltlag.
19 J. Minnaar, "Op St. Helena I", in Die Huisgenoot 21 (1936), 95. 20 D. H. Craven, Die groot rugbygesin van die Maties (Cape Town 1980), 102f. 21 Strange Library 968. 0464. J. Wille. Dagboek van krygsgevangeneskap te Diyatalawa, 23. 22  The database in wmbr. org. za give three possible names. Based on their age it is impossible to determine which one is referred to here. 23 WM, "De Krijgsgevangene 1", in Newspaper 5678/4 (1902), 3. 24 V. Woods, "Boere kolf en boul in Ceylon", in bylae tot "Die Burger" (1981), 14.
Material and method This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of patients suffering from ONFH who underwent primary THA using DMC between Jan 2006 till June 2016. Prior to the study, the ethical boards from the two institutions where the study has been conducted approved the research project. In all cases, the patient's consent has been obtained. Inclusion criteria were set as follows; (a) primary ONFH, (b) ONFH stage 3 and 4 of Arlet and Ficat  [17]  and (c) a follow-up of minimum of 2 years. Exclusion criteria were the presence of a neurological motor disease, debilitating disease, and history of hip fracture/ infection. Demographic data, etiology, type of approach, type of stem/acetabular cup, bearing surface and coating, and last follow-up were recorded. The posterolateral approach was used systematically.