dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
> > > > > < > > > > > : g exponential ðhÞ ¼ ðSill À nuÞ: 0 B @1 À e À 3:h range 1 C A þ nu g Gaussian ðuÞ ¼ ðSill À nuÞ: 0 B B @ 1 À e À ð3:uÞ 2 range 2 1 C C A þ nu (7) where Sill corresponds to the average variance where the experimental semivariogram stabilizes, range presents the distance from which no more correlations exist between the data, and nu is a small value added to the sill parameter to represent a very shortrange variability in the dataset (Nugget effect)  [14, 27]. The neighbourhood set w i (Eq. (  1 )) is chosen using the crossvalidation technique. Several sets with different numbers of neighbourhood positions are tested and the optimized set is chosen based on the smallest RMSE and based on the similarity between theoretical and estimated line (see APPENDIX). Notice that the set of neighbourhoods is applied only for the histogram position "p", but not for operating conditions "o".
Background: Very little data are available concerning the prehospital emergency care of cancer patients. The objective of this study is to report the trajectories and outcomes of cancer patients attended by prehospital emergency services. Methods: This was an ancillary study from a three-day cross-sectional prospective multicenter study in France. Adult patients with cancer were included if they called the emergency medical dispatch center Service d'Aide Médicale Urgente (SAMU). The study was registered on ClinicalTrials. gov (NCT03393260, accessed on 8th January 2018). Results: During the study period, 1081 cancer patients called the SAMU. The three most frequent reasons were dyspnea (20. 2%), neurological disorder (15. 4%), and fatigue (13. 1%). Among those patients, 949 (87. 8%) were directed to the hospital, among which 802 (90.
Outcome Measures and Analysis There was no intervention, and the data presented in the tables were collected prospectively by the attending emergency physician. For patients directed or transported to the hospital, any admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) during the first 30 days of hospital stay and status on day 30 (deceased, still hospitalized, or discharged home) were abstracted. Descriptive statistics are reported. Continuous variables are presented as medians with their interquartile range (IQR), and categorical variables as number and percentages. We compared the characteristics of patients depending on whether an MICU was dispatched or not in a bivariate analysis. These comparisons used the Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables.
Limitations Our study has several limitations. First, patients were included at three different levels (SAMU, MICU, and ED) and variables could differ from one setting to another. Second, the evaluation of patients' severity was somewhat subjective as it was based on the emergency physician's clinical judgement and not on a validated and reproducible score. However, clinical judgment may sometimes be more accurate than scores, and data were assessed prospectively, reducing the risk of bias. Third, to maximize physicians' adherence to the study, we reduced the number of abstracted variables. Thus, some confounding factors were probably missing. That said, we took into account variables that are frequently associated with cancer patients' outcomes such as performance status or underlying malignancy stage.
Macroscopic tumour in Neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy In patients who underwent induction chemotherapy, creation of an additional CTV that consists in the ex-GTV prior to the start of induction chemotherapy may be considered. This approach is currently employed in a prospective trial of chemoradiotherapy (CONKO-007, EudraCT-Nr: 2009-014476-21) but to date there is no prospective evidence for this approach, i. e. both techniques with and without inclusion of the initial tumour volume are adequate.
In this situation a part of the chemoradiotherapy studies of the last decade define the target volume as the GTV with margins (CONKO-007; EUDRACT 2009-014476-21). Other studies of the same era define specific nodal areas for inclusion into ENI  [57] [58] [59]. The rationale for ENI in this situation is similar to that in adjuvant CRT (see below). For patients with BRPC, i. e. with tumour contact to regional major arteries (CT, SMA), the recommendation of ENI is weak, whereas for patients with resectable tumours it is moderate. Vascularly defined nodal regions that are typically contained comprise the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery, hepatic artery, superior mesenteric vein and portal vein  [7, 13, 15]. If ENI is used for target volume definition then this is recommended to be done in analogy with postoperative ENI definitions as discussed below  [57, [59] [60].
Next, the vessel is expanded isotropically by defined value as described by several authors who have provided guidance regarding elective nodal definition in the abdomen: Kalbasi and Ben-Josef and Brunner et al. , which was used in two prospective randomized neoadjuvant trials [7,61] (ISRCTN78805636 -NCT00335543; EudraCT Number 2012-003669-17). Based on the recurrence pattern after surgery (see above), independently of the primary tumour location the region around the CA/SMA should be included according to Dholakia et al. with a 2-3 cm margin right-laterally and a 1-2 cm margin in all other directions  [15]. Special attention should be paid to cover the region between CA/SMA (medially), PV (anteriorly) and ICV (laterally). Delineation of the major vessels (especially most proximal 1-2 cm of celiac trunk, most proximal 2-3 cm of the SMA, portal vein from confluence to bifurcation, the aorta from celiac trunk to renal artery) is recommended.
Summary and conclusions Airborne measurements of cloud droplet number concentrations (N d,m ), aerosol particle size distributions and updraft velocities (w) near cloud base were performed during the ACRIDICON-CHUVA campaign in September 2014. Using an adiabatic air parcel model, the importance of aerosol particle number concentration (N a ) and effective hygroscopicity (κ) and their uncertainties on predicted cloud droplet number concentrations (N d,p ) near cloud bases of growing convective cumuli, formed over the Amazon and western Atlantic, were explored. Data from aerosol and cloud probes onboard HALO were used as model input for this cloud droplet closure analysis. Model results for four different scenarios in terms of aerosol loading and size distributions and of w confirm previously suggested values of the hygroscopicity parameter κ to reasonably predict N d for most conditions: best N d closure is achieved for an effective hygroscopicity of κ ∼ 0.
Data availability. The data used in this study can be found at https://halo-db. pa. op. dlr. de/mission/5 (last access: 1 October 2021, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, 2014). Supplement. The supplement related to this article is available online at: https://doi. org/10. 5194/acp-21-17513-2021-supplement.
However, STT cannot be used to switch high resistance MTJs. Here, one can exploit the 3-terminal geometry of SOT, where writing is not limited by the MTJ resistance level, as write and read paths are decoupled. Preliminary experimental and design works show  [340]  that SOT-MRAM is indeed an excellent candidate to implement ternary weights for inference accelerators running quantized deep neural networks, with MTJ resistance that can be tuned from 1 MΩ to >50 MΩ (Fig. 13c ) with tight variability and no compromise on the write process. Design technology cooptimization study, where convolutional neural networks (for the MNIST  [341]  and CIFAR100  [342]  databases) are trained and tested including resistance variation and the effect of wire inference read, shows that SOT-MRAM meets the derived specifications (Fig.
However, the 3D integration of chiral domain walls for further increase of the density faces some technical challenges, thus forming a long-term technology. On the other hand, the 1-bit three-terminal racetrack memory has risen to be a promising near-term non-volatile fast memory since it needs significantly less technical requirements than the multi-domain wall racetrack  [389]. For example, the nucleation of a single domain wall in each device is required only once in a manufacturing step. Moreover, there is no worry about narrowing and securing wall-to-wall distances. The write speed in 1-bit three-terminal racetrack is determined by the domain wall velocity, while the on-off ratio for read-out typically relies on the tunneling magnetoresistance in an MTJ in which the domain wall track channel is used as a free layer for the data bit.
Acknowledgment Q. S. , P. L. , and W. Z. coordinated this roadmap. Work on the manuscript preparation by W. Z. was supported by the  National Science Foundation  under award  ECCS-1941426. Work on the manuscript preparation by A. H. was supported as part of  Quantum Materials for Energy Efficient Neuromorphic Computing , an  Energy Frontier Research Center  funded by the  U. S. DOE, Office of Science , under Award # DE-SC0019273. H. Y. is supported by  AME-IRG  through  RIE2020  funds under Grant  A1983c0037  and  NUS   Hybrid-Integrated Flexible Electronic Systems Program. Q. S. is supported by  Hong Kong Research Grants Council-Early Career Scheme  (Grant No. 26200520 ). L. L. is supported by  National Science Foundation  under award  ECCS-1808826. Y. M. and F. F. acknowledge funding from  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation ) -TRR  173 -268565370  (project  A11 ).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XLG would like to thanks  Maxime Henry  and  Benjamin Musnier  for the animal experiments and Plan cancer ( C18038CS ) for their financial support. The Optimal imaging platform is supported by  France Life Imaging  ( French program  " Investissement d'Avenir " grant; " Infrastructure d'avenir en Biologie Santé ",  ANR-11-INBS-0006 ) and the  IBISA French consortium "Infrastructures en Biologie Santé et Agronomie ".
Moreover, a national registry (National Readmission Database) consisting of 3,107 patients who received systemic thrombolysis and 1,319 patients treated with CDT, revealed that the rates of mortality (14. 9% vs 6. 12%), bleeding-related mortality (18. 1% vs 8. 4%) and readmission (10. 6% vs 7. 6%) were higher in the systemic thrombolysis group compared with the CDT group  [19]. These results suggest that the risk of fatal bleeding complications is lower with CDT than with systemic thrombolysis. This is perhaps due to the approximately fourfold higher dose of fibrinolytics used during systemic administration. Nevertheless, these findings do not originate from randomised studies and should therefore be interpreted with caution. In addition, it should be noted that endovascular fibrinolysis is gradually being discontinued for stroke and acute coronary Table  1.
In a smart weather system, the sensors are used to collect different types of values like humidity, temperature, raindrops, and CO2 emission. The values collected are stored in the cloud by avoiding storing in large databases. And to ensure the privacy of the data stored encryption is used. The stored data is accessed by various types of devices which increases the scalability. This data could be further analysed using any of the artificial intelligence technique for predicting the weather forecast. Plantevin et al. [15]  presented an architecture for smart homes by adding intelligence in the transducer used for communication. The designed architecture collects raw data from the sensor and uses smart unit for communication with high reliability. The single point of failure was eliminated by using the proposed architecture and guaranteed scalability and reliability at a low cost.
It enables data collection to be automated to provide customers with accurate information and triggering an alarm if the usual behaviour is aggressive. Intelligent analysis based on the modelling of deep neural networks can provide enterprises with much better control over their data and significant real-time impacts. AI gives consumers more interest in software-as-a-service (SaaS). Salesforce launched an AI tool called Einstein  [20]  which translates data into ideas. The tool uses customer data for its sales through advertisement and providing advice to customers by using various social networking means. Resources are very crucial and should be used efficiently and effectively. The increase in resources increases the capacity of handling the load but the deallocation of resources should not affect the performance of the system much.
A rational device can adapt to potential inputs based upon past experiences. the gated recurrent recurrent neuro network (GRU-RNN)  [33] , is a supervised learning model used to solve security concerns by detecting intrusion, enabling the system to be more reliable. The error gradient is determined, and the activity of the components in the network is tracked to a minimum. The SDN reliability depends on the data plane reliability, control path reliability, and control plane reliability. Various authors have proposed solutions for issues on reliability. As part of them in  [34] , the authors have proposed a framework to address the issue of reliability and scalability with a case study. The framework included reduction of redundancy in the coupling of logical and control path along with enabling virtualization in the controller cluster, quick recovery of failures and orchestration of control messages to improve reliability and scalability.
Role of AI in the fusion The emerging technologies cloud, IoT and SDN have become game-changers in providing technical services to the end-users. And the fusion of AI and its synchronization with cloud computing, IoT and SDN is about to bring a significant change to the world of information technology and is going beyond the imagination by taking it to the next level. SDN appeared as a powerful platform to improve the scalability and versatility of IoT devices via the cloud. The progress in the field of communication, like the emergence of 5G, has solved many issues of communications networking. Data collected from several IoT devices are gathered and accessible in a variety of formats and configurations to create massive data to be processed in the cloud and accessed via a vendor-free networking device.
However, data sharing in genomics as well as in other scientific fields raises practical and ethical issues, since sharing practices may complicate responsibilities towards participants and make it difficult for data creators and curators to be acknowledged within current systems of scientific evaluations. In the PFMG, data sharing practices are recognised in principle. Their implementation and conformity with the GDPR will be discussed as part of the next strategy phase, when data will be produced. GE has already adopted a 'reading library' model, where the data are stored in the National Genomic Research Library and is accessed by researchers via a Trusted Research Environment. This is a comprehensive resource allowing approved researchers to securely access de-identified genomic and other associated health data within the Library.
Anyone accessing the 100 K GP dataset-including GE staff, service providers, academic or commercial researchers-must apply to an independent Access Review Committee to access de-identified data and demonstrate the scientific contribution of their research or its potential benefit to the participants. The Committee is made up of senior independent experts and an equal number of participants drawn from the GE Participants Panel. The Committee also monitors the progress of research and the opportunities for rapid implementation of findings to benefit patients. The limitation of privacy protection in the UK and France only seems to be justified when these individual rights are outbalanced by collective benefits and a commitment to the common good.
There are plans at the EC level to combine efforts that are currently performed separately, including regulatory instruments, databases, regulatory timelines, expertise involved, and IT tools (ECHA, 2020). However, experts agreed that there is currently not enough information available on chemical uses, emissions, and environmental fate to perform risk assessments that are inclusive for all uses and enable a "one substance-one assessment" approach. It will also be essential to have an understanding of the different types of uncertainties for each substance, as uncertainties have a role in framing what is considered as a risk (Supporting Information SI3). The definition of risk is driven by regulations, and hence protection goals vary depending on the type of application. During the Discussion Forum, concerns were raised about taking these different protection goals into account and it was questioned whether it is desirable for one risk assessment to be protective for all chemical uses.
A comprehensive knowledge base on chemicals: Communication and open information Information requirements. In the CSS, it is acknowledged that a comprehensive information base of all the substances placed on the European market is missing, which prevents proper management of chemicals (EC, 2020b). Currently, databases such as IUCLID and the IPCHEM could provide a good starting point for such an information base. Risk management decisions will, however, be based on risk assessment outcomes, for which open and transparent information on all chemical use and emission is essential to allow for accurate exposure estimations. As emphasized in the Discussion Forum, there is a lack of information on different chemical uses, emission volumes, and their spatial differences  (van Gils et al. , 2019) , and this aspect is not yet picked up in the CSS.
This implies that key uncertainties considering the environmental concentrations of chemicals will remain in place when framing what risk management actions are needed to reach a toxic-free environment. Therefore, the knowledge base should include information on the use and emission of chemicals. It is proposed to create a European Safety Data platform that spans all regulatory frameworks and that will connect with the EU Chemicals Legislation Finder and monitoring databases  (Brack et al. , 2019; ECHA, n. d. ). Information on a manufacturing process and substance use can currently be claimed under REACH to be confidential, for example, due to commercial interest or potential harm caused by publication. However, in 1998, it was agreed in the Aarhus convention-adopted by the EU in 2001-that chemical emission data are essential to protect the environment and should be openly available  (Aarhus Convention, 1998).
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors thank  SETAC  staff ( Rebecca Bundschuh  and  Barbara Koelman ) for their help setting up the 2020  SETAC Europe Green Deal Discussion Forum  and SETAC members for completing the preliminary survey and for participating in the discussion. Also, they extend special thanks to the expert panel at the  Discussion Forum :  Professor Colin Moffat  ( Scottish Government ) and  Sylvie Lemoine  (CEFIC). This work is part of the  Innovative Training Network ECORISK2050  and was supported by the  European Union 's  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  under the  Marie Skłodowska-Curie  grant agreement no. 813124.
Background: Incorporating dengue vaccination within existing vaccination programs could help improve dengue vaccine coverage. We assessed the immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine administered concomitantly or sequentially with a tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) in healthy children 9-13 years of age in Malaysia. Methods: In this phase IIIb, open-label, multicenter study (NCT02993757), participants were randomized 1:1 to receive 3 CYD-TDV doses 6 months apart and 2 doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine concomitantly with, or 1 month before (sequentially), the first 2 CYD-TDV doses. Only baseline dengue-seropositive participants received the 3 doses. Antibody levels were measured at baseline and 28 days after each injection using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for HPV-6, -9, -16 and -18, and the 50% plaque reduction neutralization test for the 4 dengue serotypes; immunogenicity results are presented for baseline dengue-seropositive participants.
Design and Participants This was a phase IIIb, open-label, multicenter study of the immunogenicity and safety of CYD-TDV and quadrivalent HPV vaccine given concomitantly or sequentially in healthy boys and girls 9-13 years of age (NCT02993757). The current study was conducted in Malaysia, where vaccination with the bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccine is offered as a 2-dose schedule, 6 months apart, to 13-year-old school girls as part of a national school-based program. CYD-TDV was conditionally approved in Malaysia for the prevention of dengue disease in 9-45 years olds at the time of study, for use in postregistration phase IV studies only, and was registered as an investigational product specific to the current study. Study participants were randomized to receive 3 doses of CYD-TDV, 6 months apart, and 2 doses of HPV vaccine given either at the same time (concomitant group) or 1 month before (sequential group) the first and second CYD-TDV doses (Figure, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.
DISCUSSION In this descriptive analysis, a 2-dose schedule of quadrivalent HPV vaccine given either concomitantly or sequentially with a 3-dose CYD-TDV schedule to baseline dengue seropositive children 9-13 years of age, elicited humoral immune responses 28 days after the last dose of each vaccine that were consistent with their established immunogenicity profiles. The immunogenicity profile of the 2-dose quadrivalent HPV vaccine schedule in the mixed population of girls and boys in our study was consistent with the established profiles previously reported. 18 At 28 days after the last HPV vaccine dose, almost all participants were seropositive for all 4 HPV vaccine antigen types, with 100% seroconversion rates for HPV types 11, 16 and 18. A similar study of a bivalent HPV vaccine administered concomitantly or sequentially with CYD-TDV in Mexico has also been conducted (NCT02979535), and with the similarities between these and the 9-valent HPV vaccine components it may be possible to extrapolate these findings to concomitant or sequential administration of CYD-TDV and the 9-valent HPV vaccine.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank the Director General of  Health Malaysia  for his permission to publish this manuscript. The authors wish to thank the participants and their parents, the investigators, coordinators and study teams. Editorial assistance with the preparation of the manuscript was provided by  Annick Moon, PhD  and  Juliette Gray, PhD , inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare Ltd, London,  United Kingdom. Funding for this assistance was provided by  Sanofi Pasteur. The authors would like to thank  Roopsha Brahma, PhD , for editorial assistance and manuscript coordination on behalf of  Sanofi Pasteur.
84 cannot appear, since it can be absorbed into a rescaling of Z (which does not affect ln Z at leading order). This suggests that we can apply the result to the quantum tree of Sec. IV E, using Eq. 75 for v. This gives Z typ exp - C √ p c -p , (102) with C = π(1 -p c ) √ 2 i A 1/2 i (ln A i ) 2. ( 103 ) For the Haar-random case C is given exactly by Eqs. 64, 65. In terms of r (Eq. 43), Z typ exp - 1. 482. √ r c -r. ( 104 ) 4. Tree entanglement at critical point So far we have discussed scaling in the two phases. Exactly at the transition, we might expect that Z k tends to zero with k, but more slowly than in the distentangled phase. Figure  16  shows data for this for the Haar ensemble. The data is compatible with, though it does not clearly establish, the scaling ln Z typ k ∼ k 1/3 which is suggested by the following argument for the continuum model.