dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Here we report genomic data for individual PEY73, an adult female buried with a pouring vase. These results were combined to those previously published in  Brunel et al. (2020)  for two other samples: PEY53, an adult female buried with some grave goods, and PEY163, an adult male buried without any grave goods. La Monediere (Bessan, Herault) Person in charge: A Beylier La Monediere (Bessan, Herault) site yielded a small collection of burials dated from the 2nd century BC. ThesiteofLaMonediere is the place of a Gallic fortified settlement occupied between the early 6th century and the end of the 5h century BC. Covering an area of nearly 4 ha, this settlement occupies a slight relief on the right bank of the Herault river. Its foundation appears closely linked to very early contacts made in this part of the Gulf of Lyon with the Mediterranean societies and the establishment, at the mouth of the Herault, of the Agde littoral counter which is roughly 6 km away.
Read processing, alignment and post-mortem damage Raw sequence data were processed using EAGER  (Peltzer et al. , 2016)  with the following steps. Reads were trimmed for adaptor sequences and collapsed into single reads using ClipandMerge software. Reads were mapped against the Human Reference Genome hs37d5 with BWA (Burrows-Wheeler Aligner) v0. 7. 12  (Li and Durbin, 2010) , and duplicate reads with the same orientation and start and end positions were removed using DeDup v0. 12. 1. Reads with a mapping quality phred score <30 were excluded. MapDamage v. 2. 0. 6 was used to observe characteristic aDNA damage patterns, before trimming two bases at the ends of each read to remove residual deaminations with BamUtil (https://genome. sph. umich. edu/wiki/BamUtil:_trimBam). A summary of quality statistics is given in Table  S3  QUANTIFICATION AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.
Uniparental markers To process mitochondrial DNA data, reads were mapped to the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS-GenBank Accession NumberNC_120920. 1). VCF files were built using bcftools mpileup and then submitted to HaploGrep 2  (Weissensteiner et al. , 2016)  in order to determine mitochondrial haplotypes (Table  S2 ). Reliable characterization of maternal lineage could be conducted for 43 individuals. The combination of our mitochondrial dataset with the maternal genomes published by  Brunel et al. (2020)  permits to confirm the prominence of haplogroups H (25,58%), J (20,93%), K and U (both at 15,12%) among French IA groups. Large chronological groups, from the Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age period, were constituted to figure out the diachronic evolution of maternal lineages frequencies on the French territory by combining our dataset with previous published data  (Brunel et al.
, 2020; Fischer et al. , 2018 Fischer et al. , , 2019;; Fu et al. , 2016; Olalde et al. , 2018; Rivollat et al. , 2020, Figure S2). Y chromosome haplotypes were called using Yleaf statistical package for each male individual  (Ralf et al. , 2018). All the 29 male individuals identified in our dataset had sufficient coverage for Y haplotype assessment (see Table  S2 ). Most individuals were found to carry haplogroup R1b1a (69%), other males belonging to haplogroups G2a2 (17,24%), I1 and I2 (both at 6,9%). We compiled our dataset with previous published data  (Brunel et al. , 2020; Fu et al. , 2016; Olalde et al. , 2018; Rivollat et al. , 2020)  to study the evolution of the frequencies of Y chromosome haplogroups from the Palaeolithic to the Iron Age (Figure  S3 ).
Inbreeding and diversity estimates To detect potential inbreeding among the French IA groups and individuals, we calculated length of runs of homozygosity (ROH;  Ringbauer et al. , 2021)  using the software HapROH on individuals carrying more than 300,000 SNPs. We performed hapROH to the pseudo haploid data of 1240k SNPs to detect runs of homozygosity longer than 4 centimorgan for all IA individuals. Of the individuals providing suitable coverage for this analysis, only individual COL336 from the Iron Age site of Colmar ''Jardin des Aubepines'' (Haut-Rhin) showed evidence for long ROH greater than 50 cM. The sum and length distribution of ROH measured for COL336 suggest their parents were first-degree relatives (Figure  S11 ), i. e. , parent-offspring or full siblings (whose offspring will have a quarter of their genome in ROH).
Principal component analysis PCA analysis was run with the Human Origins reference panel for 592,998 autosomal genotypes in 796 west Eurasian modern individuals using smartpca v10210 (EIGENSOFT) with the options lsqproject:YES and shrinkmode: YES, using 51 modern populations to calculate eigenvectors on which aDNA samples were projected. Genotypes were downloaded from David Reich's website (dataset v44. 3. 1240K_HumanOrigins, available at https://reich. hms. harvard. edu/allen-ancient-dna-resource-aadr-downloadable-genotypespresent-day-and-ancient-dna-data) and merged with our dataset. Projections on the first two PCs are provided in Figures 1CandS1.
Genetic clustering and outlier detection To prepare our dataset for analyses, we divided individuals in six regions and, when possible, in chronological sub-groups: EIA_Alsace (from 800 BC to 450 BC), LIA_Alsace (from 450 BC to 50 BC), IA_Champagne, IA_Normandy, IA_North, IA_Paris_Basin and IA_South (see Table  S2 ). We carried a qpWave f r o mt h eA D M I X T O O L Sp a c k a g e( https://github. com/DReichLab) iterated overall individuals in the pool, testing for significant evidence of heterogeneity relative to a sub-pool of all individuals in the main cluster (except the test individual when it was part of the main cluster). The right set panel A was composed of: Mbuti. DG, Ethiopia_4500BP_published. SG, CHG, Russia_EHG, Russia_Ust_Ishim_HG_published. DG, Czech_Vestonice16, Russia_MA1_HG.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the  Service Regional de l'Archeologie from Normandy, Paris Basin, Occitanie ,  Grand Est ,  Hautsde-France ,  ANTEA-archeologie , and  Institut National deRecherches Archeologiques Preventives (INRAP)  for providing bone materials. We are grateful to  Olivier Gorge  ´for making shotgun sequencing possible at  Institut deRecherche Biomedicale des Armees in the Division Defense NRBC (Nucleaire, Radiologique, Biologique et Chimique), Departement des Services, Unitede Biologie Moleculaire. This work was supported by the  Agence National de la Recherche  through the Grant  ANR15-CE27-0001  ( ANCESTRA  project, coord. M. Pruvost), by the  INRAP  through the  PAS Ancestra (Coord. MP. Pruvost and F. Maziere ), and as part of a program of prospects investments  ANR-10-LABX52  ( Genetix  project, coord.
MF. Deguilloux and  M. Pruvost , as well as  Identi-Fer  project, coord. S. Rottier ),  ANR11-LABX0032-01   ARCHIMEDE  ( LANGPOP  project, coord. F. Maziere  and '' Des armes et des tetes coupees '' project, coord. R. Roure). The study was also financially supported by a PhD research grant from the  Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche for CEF. We are grateful to the genotoul bioinformatics platform  Toulouse Occitanie  ( Bioinfo Genotoul , https://doi. org/10. 15454/1. 5572369328961167E12 )for providing help, computing and storage resources.
Statistical analyses The assumption of data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, and homogeneity of variances tested with Levene's test. However, biomass data and Tl concentrations in S. latifolia samples failed both assumptions and therefore non-parametric tests were conducted. The significance of differences in dry biomass subjected to different Tl concentrations in the nutrient solutions was assessed by a Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance of differences in Tl concentrations in the different parts of S. latifolia organs (roots, old leaves, and young leaves) resulting from the independent treatments were assessed with the non-parametric Scheirer-Ray-Hare test, equivalent to a parametric two-way ANOVA, followed by Dunn's pairwise post hoc tests. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the association between Tl treatments and Tl concentrations in different plant organs.
Acknowledgements  A. Corzo Remigio  is the recipient of a  University of Queensland Research Training Scholarship, Australia. We kindly acknowledge  Lachlan Casey  ( Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland ) for assistance with the laboratory-based μ-XRF analysis. We also thank the  AMMRF at the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis at the University of Queensland  for their support with the microanalysis. This work was supported by 1 3 Vol:. ( 1234567890) the  French National Research Agency  through the  national program  " Investissements d'avenir"  ( ANR-10-LABX-21 -RESSOURCES21 ).
Materials Characterization The XRD patterns of carbon powder samples were performed in the range 20° ≤ 2θ≤ 80° using a D8 Advance Bruker diffractometer (Cu Kα radiation) with X-ray generator voltage of 40 kV and the current of 40 mA. , and step size of 0. 33 o using scan speed 1. 11 o • s -1. the applying of a technique through the use of the Highscore and Origin software line shape to the peaks. XPS spectra of biochars were recorded using a K Alpha+ apparatus (Thermo, East Grinsted, UK). The machine is fitted with a mono Al K (source energy = 1486. 6 eV), and a flood gun for charge compensation build up. The pass energy was set to 200 eV to record the survey spectra and 80 eV for the acquisition of the narrow regions. Avantage software version 5. 9902 was used for data acquisition and processing.
Raman spectra analysis was conducted by a Horiba HR 800 instrument to determine the carbon signature at a wavelength of the He-Ne laser beam set to 633 nm. The spectrum recorded in the 800-2700 cm -1 energy region for the biochar without metal nanoparticals. We have employed a Hitachi SU 8030 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Field Emission Gun (FEG) SEM for the observation of the samples morphology. No charge compensation was used, and the source-sample distance was set at 4. 2 mm. ImageJ software was used for SEM images processing. TGA conducted were conducted using a Setaram machine Setsys Evolution model to measure the mass loss kinetics of biochar (with or without metallic nanoparticles). The experiments were performed over a temperature range of ambient from 30 °C to 800 °C using a constant heating rate of 10 °C/min under air atmosphere.
Determination of the Affinity of the Chelating Agents toward HAp by Thermogravimetric Analysis HAp powder (10 mg) was dispersed in a 1. 5 mL solution of DTPA, PEI-MC or PEI-MC (10 mM, based on monomer concentration), 1. 5 µmol monomer/mg, and stirred overnight. Samples were then centrifuged at 15,000 rpm during 15 min and washed (three times), to remove unbound DTPA, PEI-MC, or PEI-MP. The resulting HAp-chelate powder was freezedried to eliminate the water excess and kept under inert atmosphere. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed on a Mettler Toledo, Columbus, OH, USA, TGA 851e using STAR© software (version 13. 00) for data analysis. Freeze-dried samples (~10 mg) were placed in 70 µL alumina pans and heated at 10 • C•min -1 from 25 to 800 • C under N 2 flow (50 mL•min -1 ). Calculation of the mass loss percentage, in the 200-400 • C range, allowed directly determining the affinity of each chelate toward HAp their comparison.
Data Recording and Processing XAS data were recorded at the Th L III edge (16,300 eV) on the MARS beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron facility, which is dedicated to the study of radioactive materials. The optics of the beamline consisted of a water-cooled double-crystal monochromator for incident energy selection and horizontal focalization and two large water-cooled reflecting mirrors for high-energy rejection (harmonic part), vertical collimation, and focalization. All measurements were recorded in double-layered solution cells (200 µL) specifically designed for radioactive samples at room temperature. A 13-element Ge detector was used for data collection in the fluorescence mode. Data treatment was carried out using ATHENA code of Demeter 0. 9. 26 package  [31]. The E o energy was identified at the maximum of the absorption edge.
Data Fitting The extracted EXAFS signal was fitted in R space without any additional filtering after Fourier transformation with a Hanning window in k 2 and k 3 using the ARTEMIS code of Demeter 0. 9. 26 package  [31]. Phases and amplitudes were calculated with Feff7 code embedded in ARTEMIS code. Only one global amplitude factor S 02 fixed to 1 and one energy threshold correction factor ∆e 0 were used for all paths. The agreement factor R (in %) and quality factor-reduced χ 2 were both provided as an indication of the fit quality. HAp-Th (Hanning window = 2. 7-11 Å -1 , fit range = 1-4 Å). The model used for phases and amplitude calculations was a Th 4 (PO 4 ) 4 P 2 O 7 crystallographic structure  [26]  where the coordination sphere of Th was composed of six monodentate and one bidentate phosphate.
Contributions: Conceptualization, C. D. G. ; methodology, J. F. and C. D. G. ; validation, J. F. ; formal analysis, J. F. , A. J. , C. D. G. , S. S. -D. and V. P. -C. ; investigation, J. F. , E. L. , S. S. -D. and V. P. -C. ; resources, S. S. -D. , V. P. -C. , G. F. C. and C. D. A. ; data curation, A. J. ; writing-original draft preparation, C. D. G. ; writing-review and editing, G. F. C. , C. D. A. , A. J. and C. D. G. ; visualization, J. F. and C. D. G. ; supervision, C. D. A. and C. D. G. ; project administration, C. D. G. ; funding acquisition, C. D. A. and C. D. G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This research was funded by DGA, grant number 2018025 and UCA (Université Côte d'Azur), more specifically the Academy Space, Environment, Risk, and Resilience of IDEX projet Investissements d'Avenir UCAJEDI, reference n • ANR-15-IDEX-01.
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, C. D. G. ; methodology, J. F. and C. D. G. ; validation, J. F. ; formal analysis, J. F. , A. J. , C. D. G. , S. S. -D. and V. P. -C. ; investigation, J. F. , E. L. , S. S. -D. and V. P. -C. ; resources, S. S. -D. , V. P. -C. , G. F. C. and C. D. A. ; data curation, A. J. ; writing-original draft preparation, C. D. G. ; writing-review and editing, G. F. C. , C. D. A. , A. J. and C. D. G. ; visualization, J. F. and C. D. G. ; supervision, C. D. A. and C. D. G. ; project administration, C. D. G. ; funding acquisition, C. D. A. and C. D. G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This research was funded by DGA, grant number 2018025 and UCA (Université Côte d'Azur), more specifically the Academy Space, Environment, Risk, and Resilience of IDEX projet Investissements d'Avenir UCAJEDI, reference n • ANR-15-IDEX-01.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the  Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC ,  EP/P027067/1 ) and the  European Research Council  (695009). Z. L. acknowledges the  Cambridge Trust and China Scholarship Council for Ph. D. funding. A. W. H acknowledges  Astex pharmaceuticals for post-doctoral funding. S. F. acknowledges funding from the  Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC, UK)  through an  EPSRC Doctoral Prize Fellowship. We thank  Diamond Light Source  for beamtime on Beamline  I19  ( CY21497 ). We also thank the  Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry NMR facility  for characterization data and  Carles Fuertes-Espinosa  for helpful discussion.
To better assess the targetability of specific protein systems by AP-1, the regioselectivity based on the nucleophilic substitution must be paralleled by a study on the solvent exposure of the considered protein residues. Hence, solventaccessible surface (SAS) analyses (Figure  6 ) were performed on the X-ray structures of the hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) and the bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) proteins (pdb ids 5nj1 and 5nj7  16  ), showing that the His residues that form adducts with AP-1 are closer to the surface. Indeed, the residues His12 and His48 in the bovine pancreatic ribonuclease are not metallated and, after a thorough investigation of the X-ray structure, we might conclude that the only reason is solvent inaccessibility. Cysteines and methionines are also situated in regions with less solvent accessibility, although not very deep, and are also not metallated.
hCA I parameters are positive polarity, ion spray voltage floating 5500 V, temperature 0, ion source gas 1 (GS1) 25 L/min, ion source gas 2 (GS2) 0, curtain gas (CUR) 20 L/min, collision energy (CE) 10 V, declustering potential (DP) 300 V, and range 1500-3500 m/z. HSA parameters are positive polarity, ion spray voltage floating 5500 V, temperature 0, ion source gas 1 (GS1) 40 L/min, ion source gas 2 (GS2) 0, curtain gas (CUR) 20 L/min, collision energy (CE) 10 V, declustering potential (DP) 200 V, and range 900-2600 m/z. For acquisition, Analyst TF software 1. 7. 1 (Sciex) was employed, and deconvoluted spectra were attained by utilizing the Bio Tool Kit microapplication v. 2. 2 embedded in PeakView software v. 2. 2 (Sciex). Computational Methods. All computations were carried out with the Gaussian 09 A.
02 34 quantum chemistry package. Optimizations and the determination of electronic and solvation energies were performed in solvated phase (C-PCM)  35, 36  and by employing the density functionals as described below. 2] [43]  We used the range-corrected DFT functional CAM-Figure  6. Solvent-accessible surface (SAS) computed on the X-ray structures of adducts of AP with two small model proteins, hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL), and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) (pdb entries 5nj1 and 5nj7). Circles, squares, and diamonds indicate His, Met, and Cys protein side chains, respectively. AP-1 bound amino acids are indicated with arrows. B3LYP  44  for geometrical optimization and electronic and solvation energies calculations. As we have shown elsewhere,  21  the CAM-B3LYP/LANL08(f)/6-311++G**//CAM-B3LYP/LANL2DZ/6-31+G* functional-basis set combination yields the best results for geometry and energy computations for the aquation of arsenoplatin-1.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Italy) is gratefully acknowledged by L. M. , L. Ma. , and T. M. D. C. gratefully acknowledges AIRC (Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) for the financial support (2-year fellowship for Italy-Project Code: 23852). I. T. gratefully acknowledges the hosting of Institut de Chimie Moleculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Italy) is gratefully acknowledged by L. M. , L. Ma. , and T. M. D. C. gratefully acknowledges AIRC (Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) for the financial support (2-year fellowship for Italy-Project Code: 23852). I. T. gratefully acknowledges the hosting of Institut de Chimie Moleculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB). NotesThe authors declare no competing financial interest. ■.
Noteworthy, at this HRCM load, the temperature of the first peak showed a power law dependence on the applied shear rate (Figure  5e  Inset). At the highest shear rate of 100 s -1 , on the contrary, shear viscosity continuously decreased upon reaching a plateau value at high temperatures. The standard deviation for some steady temperature ramp replicates was calculated and the results are reported in the Supplementary Materials (Table  S1 ). As previously observed for the rate-ramp data sets at a fixed temperature, the viscosity-temperature relationship of temperature-ramp data sets at a fixed shear rate was seen to obey the VFT equation at 100 s -1 and 0. 08 wt% and 0. 16 wt% HRCM. Fitting parameters and standard deviations are reported in Tables A1 and A2 in Appendix A. the applied shear rate increased, before starting to decrease again (Figure  5e ).
Notewor-thy, at this HRCM load, the temperature of the first peak showed a power law dependence on the applied shear rate (Figure  5e  Inset). At the highest shear rate of 100 s -1 , on the contrary, shear viscosity continuously decreased upon reaching a plateau value at high temperatures. The standard deviation for some steady temperature ramp replicates was calculated and the results are reported in the Supplementary Materials (Table  S1 ). As previously observed for the rate-ramp data sets at a fixed temperature, the viscosity-temperature relationship of temperature-ramp data sets at a fixed shear rate was seen to obey the VFT equation at 100 s -1 and 0. 08 wt% and 0. 16 wt% HRCM. Fitting parameters and standard deviations are reported in Tables A1 and A2 in Appendix A.
In particular, shear flow protocols at fixed and variable temperatures show similar or different temperature dependence at the same HRCM concentration and applied shear rate highlighting the interplay role of all of the three variables (i. e. , temperature, filler concentration, and shear rate). Furthermore, the well-known VFT relationship for viscosity-temperature dependence is reported to hold in dilute conditions only (i. e. , 0. 08 wt% HRCM load), proving this concentration value to be the threshold limit at and below which the VFT relationship applies. Our finding differs from previously reported results. Table  A2. Fitting parameters (A, B, T 0 ), confidence intervals (CI), and mean square error (MSE) values as a function of HRCM load obtained from the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman equation  [44] , modeling the 5 to 70 • C temperature range for steady temperature ramp data sets of solvent medium and HRCM-based ink suspensions.
The energy lost during deformation was measured as the difference between the energy used to load the sample and the energy used to unload the sample. The hysteresis loss was calculated as the ratio of energy lost during deformation (the area between the curves) to the energy used to load the sample. Its value allowed to determine the energy absorbing properties of the foamed materials. The lower the hysteresis loss, the better the foam behaves in terms of recovery of the energy absorbed during compression. On the other hand, higher hysteresis loss, as observed for PHOS foams, indicates that these foams are more energy absorbent and dissipating (desired in shock-absorbing materials). The hysteresis data observed for PHOS foams are consistent with their higher compression strength and lower resilience values in comparison to reference foams.
The question is to know how academic research can integrate new practices and tools to apply "Safer by design" at the lower technology readiness level (TRL 1-3) rather than at posteriori of the innovation process and before the integration of nanomaterials in high-tech products. Van Wezel and al. propose a set of easy-to-answer questions regarding risk analysis and technology assessment (RATA) as safe innovation tool to promote a responsible research and innovation (RRI) for the development of emerging technologies  [26]. These questions to check the RATA awareness are addressed to all innovation stakeholders from lower TRL to higher, and answers will allow building a common database that will be enriched step by step along the innovation chain. The questions were developed by NanoNextNL which is a consortium of the government of the Netherlands including 130 companies, universities, knowledge institutes, and university medical centers, which is aimed at research into micro-and nanotechnology.