dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Urine voids (night) 295: ≥ 2. 6/night. Test 25. Urine voids (night) 295: ≥ 4. 1/night. Test 26. Nocturnal polyuria 295. Test 27. Fluid balance 295: < -180 mL/d. Test 28. Fluid balance 295: < +180 mL/d. Test 29. Fluid balance 295: < +1700 mL/d. Test 30. USG 295: ≥ 1. 035. Test 31. USG 295: ≥ 1. 028. Test 32. USG 295: ≥ 1. 020. Test 33. Urine colour 295: > 6. Test 34. Urine colour 295: > 4. Test 35. Urine colour 295: > 2. Test 36. Urine osmolality 295: > 1000 mOsm/kg. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 37.
Test 63. Dry axilla by touch 295. Test 64. Dry axilla by meter 295: < 32%. Test 65. Dry axilla by meter 295: < 37%. Test 66. Dry axilla by meter 295: < 42%. Test 67. Consciousness level 295: ≥ coma. Test 68. Consciousness level 295: ≥ stupor. Test 69. Consciousness level 295: ≥ obsessed. Test 70. MMSE 295: < 10. Test 71. MMSE 295: < 20. Test 72. MMSE 295: < 25. Test 73. Neecham 295: < 27. Test 74. Neecham 295: ≤ 24. Test 75. Neecham 295: < 20. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Test 76. Tiredness 295: severe. Test 77. Tiredness 295: moderate or severe. Test 78. Fatigue 295: any. Test 79. Lassitude 295. Test 80. Feels dull 295. Test 81. Dry oral mucosa 295: cheek. Test 82. Tongue furrows 295: ≥ mild. Test 83. Tongue furrows 295: ≥ moderate. Test 84. Tongue furrows 295: ≥ severe. Test 85. Tongue dry 295: ≥ mild. Test 86. Tongue dry 295: ≥ moderate. Test 87. Tongue dry 295: severe. Test 88. BIA resistance 50 kHz 295: ≥ 550 ohm. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 102. BIA ICW 295: < 29%.
Test 106. Insu icient tears 295. Test 107. Insu icient tears or not tolerated 295. Test 108. Oral thickener used 295. Test 109. Oral fluid without thickener 295. Test 110. Lips dry 295. Test 111. Dry mouth 295: severe. Test 112. Dry mouth 295: moderate or severe. Test 113. Dry mouth 295: any. Test 114. Unable to spit 295. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 115.
Thirst VAS rating 295: severe. Test 116. Thirst VAS rating 295: ≥ moderate. Test 117. Thirst VAS rating 295: mild plus. Test 118. Thirsty 295: any degree. Test 119. Tongue smarts 295. Test 120. Mouth smarts 295. Test 121. Sticky saliva 295. Test 122. Sticky mouth 295. Test 123. Blue lips 295. Test 124. Sunken eyes 295. Test 125. Bed sores 295. Test 126. Swallowing problems 295. Test 127. Enjoyment of food 295. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 128.
Appetite 295. Test 129. Dry eye severity by DEQ-5 295: > 12. Test 130. Dry eye severity by DEQ-5 295: > 6. Test 131. Dry eye severity by DEQ-5 295: > 3. Test 132. Dry eye severity by VAS 295: > 5. 0 cm. Test 133. Dry eye severity by VAS 295: > 1. 1 cm. Test 134. Dry eye severity by VAS 295: > 0. 6 cm. Test 135. NITBUT 295: < 6 sec. Test 136. NITBUT 295: < 10 sec. Test 137. NITBUT 295: < 27 sec. Test 138. Balance 295: severe. Test 139. Balance 295: ≥ moderate. Test 140. Balance 295: any degree. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 141.
Headache 295: severe. Test 142. Headache 295: ≥ moderate. Test 143. Headache 295: any degree. Test 144. Nausea 295: severe. Test 145. Nausea 295: ≥ moderate. Test 146. Nausea 295: any degree. Test 147. Muscle weakness 295: severe. Test 148. Muscle weakness 295: ≥ moderate. Test 149. Muscle weakness 295: any degree. Test 150. Dizziness 295: severe. Test 151. Dizziness 295: ≥ moderate. Test 152. Dizziness 295: any degree. Test 153. Combined drinks AND fatigue. Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people (Review) Copyright © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Test 154. Combined, drinks OR fatigue.
We showed for the first time that THC significantly reduced  max (71% inhibition) reflecting complexes I, III, and IV activities,  succ (68% inhibition) reflecting II, III, and IV activities, and more slightly  tmpd reflecting complex IV activity. Thus, THC has a main deleterious effect on complexes I, II, and III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This is globally consistent with the data of  Athanasiou et al. showing on heart mitochondria in rat that THC may affect complexes I, II, and III depending on the concentration of THC used  [30]. Additionally, we observed that mitochondrial coupling was decreased after THC adjunction, further supporting its toxic effects on the brain. To get further knowledge on the mechanism potentially involved in the deleterious effect of THC on brain mitochondria, we determined ROS production as inferred by hydrogen peroxide change.
Particle Volume and Size Distribution Particle volume and the particle-size distribution (PSD) in seawater (from the surface to 200 m at stations with water depths greater than 200 m, or to a depth of 10 m above the seabed (hereafter, 210 m) at other stations) were measured optically using LISST (LISST-100X, Sequoia Scientific, Bellevue, WA, USA)  [Agrawal and Pottsmith, 2000]. The LISST instrument was mounted on a winch wire and lowered slowly through the water column, at a mean winch speed of 0. 15 m s 21 and with a 1 s data collection interval. To determine the depth of the particle volume and PSD measurements by LISST, a depth profiler (Alec Eiko 2180, ALEC, Kobe, Japan) was attached to the LISST instrument at five stations (Stas. A7, A12, A17, A27, and A29). Because the depth profiler was unavailable for other stations, the depths for the LISST measurements were calculated from the wire length and the time of transit from the surface to the deepest layer (200 m or 210 m).
The data were analyzed using CellQuest (Becton Dickinson software). The value of prokaryote-carbon (biomass) (Prok-C) was calculated   and S2 ) The map and contour graphs were created using Ocean Data View (http://odv. awi. de/). The large (red and blue) plots indicate the stations where the particle parameters, prokaryotic parameters (abundance and production), and other environmental variables were obtained. The small black plots indicate the stations where only environmental variables were obtained. Station codes are given only for large plots (a list of all the stations is presented in supporting information Table  S1 ). using a conversion factor of 12 fg C cell 21  [Fukuda et al. , 1998 ]. This conversion factor was derived for natural bacterial assemblages collected in various oceanic regions (including the high-latitude region) on the basis of the direct determination of the bacterial carbon content by the elemental analyzer.
Environmental Parameters Environmental data were provided by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) and were available via the JAMSTEC data website (http://www. godac. jamstec. go. jp/darwin/cruise/mirai/mr12-e03/e). Salinity, temperature, and potential density (r h ) were determined with a CTD system (SBE9Plus, Sea-Bird Electronics). Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was determined using a quantameter (LI-COR Biospherical PAR Sensor, Lincoln, NE, USA) and a pyranometer (Precision spectral pyranometer, EPLAB, Newport, RI, USA). PAR at the surface (0 m) was calculated using a conversion equation; PAR 5 0. 45 3 shortwave irradiance, which was measured using the pyranometer,  [Campbell and Norman, 1998 ]. The chlorophyll-a (Chl. a) concentration was determined by the extraction of Chl.
a with N,N-dimethylformamide after the collection of materials on glass fiber filters (GF/F, 25 mm, Whatman) using a fluorometer (model 10-AU; Turner Designs, Sunnyvale, CA, USA)  [Welschmeyer, 1994]. The value of phytoplankton carbon biomass (Chl. a-C) was calculated using a conversion factor of 50 lg C (lg Chl. a) 21. This conversion factor is an average value derived for phytoplankton assemblages collected in the Bering shelf  [Lomas et al. , 2012] , using data for algal cell volume, volume to carbon conversion factors  [Menden-Deuer and Lessard, 2000] , and the Chl. a concentration.
Acknowledgments This study was supported by  JSPS KAKENHI  grant numbers  24241003  and  15H01725  awarded to T. N. and H. F. and by  GRENE Arctic Climate Change Research Project. Y. Y. was supported by  JSPS  fellowship for young scientist and the  Graduate Program for Leaders in Life Innovation (University of Tokyo ). Environmental data were provided by the  Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)  and were available via the JAMSTEC data website: http://www. godac. jamstec. go. jp/darwin/cruise/mirai/mr12-e03/e. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans.
Subjects Healthy subjects were originally recruited through the population-based Danish National Danish Twin Registry  17, 18  to participate in the GEMINAKAR Study of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors, performed in Odense and Copenhagen, Denmark. For this specific investigation, the sample consisted of 338 same-sex (SS) twin pairs (i. e. 676 twins) and 72 opposite-sex (OS) twin pairs (i. e. 144 twins). In total, 75 twin SS and 11 twins OS were excluded due to the absence of LTL measurements either at the first or at the second visit. Thus, all subjects included in this analysis had data on LTL measurements, BMI, smoking status and menopause status for women in both baseline and follow-up visits. We used the GEMINAKAR Study not for its twin structure but because of the availability of longitudinal leukocyte DNA samples for LTL measurements and wealth of phenotypic data that included menopausal status.
Because of the complexity of the longitudinal analyses, we analysed the sexes separately and subsequently pooled the data sets to test interactions with sex for the pertinent results. Individuals were examined twice. We partitioned age at examination into two variables: the average age at examination and the deviation in age of each individual for each examination from the average age for that individual. For example, for an individual whose LTL was measured at ages 20 (baseline examination) and 30 (follow-up examination), the average age is 25 for both examinations, whereas the age difference (delta) is À5 and þ5 for the baseline examination and follow-up examination, respectively. This procedure yields an unbiased estimate of the within-individual effect of age on LTL. Analyses were performed using JMP 9.
4). Based on these findings, we repeated the sex comparison in Table  2  for different menopausal stages. To this end, the data for men were assigned to one of three age groups corresponding to the ages of the menopausal stages in women (see Subjects and Methods for details). The association of menopausal stage with telomere attrition differed between the sexes (three-way interaction menopause stage * sex * delta age: F 2,724. 9 ¼ 5. 05, P ¼ 0. 007). The comparisons between the sexes for the different menopausal stages showed that in younger individuals (premenopausal) LTL attrition was higher in women than in men (F 1,322. 8 ¼ 2. 22, P ¼ 0. 10), in middle age (perimenopausal) there was no difference and in the older individuals (postmenopausal) attrition was higher in men than in women (F 1,152 ¼ 6.
Data regarding in vivo mitochondrial function under conditions of high-energy demand such as in exercising muscle are then missing. The purpose of the present study was to investigate mitochondrial function in electrically stimulated muscle of diabetic GK rat, a non-obese T2DM model displaying insulin resistance and normal NEFA plasmatic level  [28] [29] [30] [31] [32]. Metabolic fluxes were measured strictly non-invasively with respect to mechanical performance using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and 31 P-MRS, and mitochondrial content was evaluated on the basis of citrate synthase activity. The corresponding results were analyzed together with measurement of plasmatic levels of insulin, glucose and NEFA, IMCL and intramuscular contents for ATP, glycogen and glucose.
5 software (Sysma, Aix-en-Provence, France). Absolute isometric force production was calculated by integrating the isometric tension (in N) with respect to time, and was expressed as tension-time integral (in N Ã s). Specific force was defined as the absolute force normalized by muscle volume calculated from hindlimb MR images. MR data acquisition. MR explorations were done in the 4. 7-Tesla horizontal magnet of a 47/30 Biospec Avance MR system (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). Sixteen consecutive non-contiguous axial images (1 mm thickness, spaced 0. 5 mm) were acquired across the resting lower hindlimb using a rapid acquisition relaxation-enhanced (RARE) sequence (  8  MR data processing. MR data were processed using a custom-written image analysis program developed with the IDL software (Interactive Data Language, Research System, Inc.
, Boulder, CO, USA). For each MR image, regions of interest were manually outlined using the DISPIMAG software  [35]  so that the corresponding cross-sectional areas could be measured (Fig  1A ). Gastrocnemius muscle volume was then calculated as the sum of the volumes included between the consecutive slices. Relative concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (P i ) and β-ATP were obtained by a time-domain fitting routine using the AMAR-ES-MRUI Fortran code  [36]  and appropriate prior knowledge of the ATP multiplets. Signal areas were corrected for magnetic saturation using fully relaxed spectra collected at rest with a repetition time of 20 s. Absolute concentrations of phosphorylated compounds were expressed relative to a resting β-ATP concentration determined by bioluminescence as detailed below.
Acknowledgments M. M. , B. G. , D. B. and C. V. contributed to the conception and the design of the research; B. G. and M. M. performed the experiments; E. P. and C. L. contributed to the in vitro assessments; M. M. analyzed the data; B. G. and M. M. interpreted the results of the experiments; M. M. prepared the figures; M. M. drafted the manuscript; B. G. , D. B. and M. M. contributed to discussion, and reviewed and edited manuscript. M. M. , E. P. , C. V. , C. L. , M. D. , B. P. , M. B. , D. B. and B. G. approved the final version of the manuscript. B. G. is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
17  In summary, there is very good evidence for early thrombectomy with stent retrievers. There is good evidence to favor stent retrievers over the MERCI TM device. At this moment, only limited data on other types of recanalization devices such as the Penumbra TM system are available. 18  Given the variable success rates and clinical outcomes with different recanalization devices in randomized trials, generalizability of all transvascular approaches cannot be assumed. Meta-analysis of thrombectomy vs. standard treatment. A meta-analysis of recent large trials comparing acute thrombectomy with no further treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke and (suspected or documented) large intracranial artery occlusions was also performed by one of the authors (TS). Large randomized controlled trials with results published in peerreviewed journals over the last three years were included.
However, the analysis period was restricted to 2008-2010, the type of device used was not mentioned and treatment effect could not be assessed. 22 Almekhlafi et al. 23  used the SPAN-100 index (i. e. positive index if age þ NIHSS score ¼ 100 or more) and found lower proportions of favorable outcome in the patients with positive (61%) compared to negative SPAN index (27%, OR 0. 3; 95% CI 0. 1-0. 9), with 60% of positive SPAN index being 80 years of age and older. For the vertebrobasilar circulation, a retrospective analysis from a US nationwide database from 2006 to 2010 showed that age had an impact on in-hospital mortality of patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (n ¼ 631) but not IVT (n ¼ 1554), in particular those 65 years of age or older (43 vs. 23%). However, the types of devices used during that period were not reported.
50 ] [53] [54]  An expert consensus statement of the Society of Neurointerventional Surgery and the Neurocritical Care Society recommends the use of general anesthesia for patients with severe agitation, low level of consciousness (GCS < 8), loss of airway protective reflexes, respiratory compromise and in selected posterior circulation stroke presenting with these features. 55 ehospital patient selection for immediate transfer to centers with multimodal imaging and availability of thrombectomy. A recently published SITS registry study found NIHSS scores of 11 and 12 points as predictors of baseline vessel occlusion and functional independence at three months in a cohort of 11,632 patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis with available baseline imaging data and three month functional outcome.
g. SITS-OPEN,  66  should continue its recruitment to strengthen the level of evidence. There are many reasons to recommend this approach such as the need for confirmatory studies, the desirability of narrowing the confidence interval to get a tighter estimate of the effect size for health economic reasons and the necessity for a wide range of data allowing subgroup analysis with adequate power. This type of design will also test thrombectomy in standard clinical practice in experienced centres. In addition, it is desirable that all patients undergoing some form of acute revascularization therapy (IVT, mechanical thrombectomy, etc. ) are prospectively included in registries (e. g. SITS-ISTR  67  or SITS-TBY  68  ) to ensure further evidence from routine clinical practice data. Ischemic stroke patients undergoing any type of acute revascularization treatment should be included systematically in national or international registries (such as SITS or SITS-TBY) -new.
In-vitro cell viability and adherent morphology HaCaT cell line was adopted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the P(3HB)-EC and CA-g-P(3HB)-EC composites. HaCaT cells at a density of 1!10 5 cells per well were seeded in 24-well tissue culture plates containing P(3HB)-EC and CA-g-P(3HB)-EC composites separately. After 1, 3 and 5 days of incubation the culture media were removed and the specimens were rinsed with phosphate buffer saline three times in order to remove the un-attached cells. Cell viability of the adherent cells was measured using neutral red uptake assay. Thermomax micro-plate reader (Model 680, Bio-Rad, CA) was used to record optical density values at 540 nm using Softmax Pro version 4. 8 software. Percent cell viability of the test specimens was calculated by Equation  (5). Whereas, the adherent morphology of HaCaT cell line seeded onto the P(3HB)-EC and CA-g-P(3HB)-EC composites was observed using Nikon light microscope after staining with neutral red dye.
CanSNP typing by high resolution melting (HRM) CanSNP analysis was performed as previously described  (Derzelle et al. , 2011; Derzelle, 2015). This technique categorizes isolates into one of 12 sub-lineages (C. Br. A1055, B. Br. CNEVA, B. Br. KrugerB, A. Br. Vollum, A. Br. Aust94, A. Br. Ames, A. Br. WNA, B. Br. 001/002, A. Br. 005/006, A. Br. 003/004, A. Br. 001/002, A. Br. 008/ 009). Additional canSNP that provides resolution within the A. Br. 008/009, A. Br. 001/002, A. Br. Vollum and A. Br. Aust94 groups were also used  (Marston et al. , 2011; Birdsell et al. , 2012; Girault et al. , 2014b; Khmaladze et al. , 2014; Okinaka et al. , 2011). We designed HRM primers at four canSNPs specific to the Dutch phylogenetic sub-group of B. anthracis using Primer 3 + software. The positions of this SNP in the Ames Ancestor genome [GenBank:AE017334.
2] and the primers sequences used are listed in Table  1. Amplification was performed on the ViiA7™ Real-Time PCR System (Life Technologies) using the LightCycler Ò 480 High Resolution Melting Master Mix (Roche Diagnostics). The reaction mixture consisted of 0. 2 lM of each primer, 1 Â LightCycler Ò 480 HRM master mix and 2. 5 mM MgCl 2 in a 10-ll final volume. The following parameters were used: 10 min at 95 °C were followed by 40 cycles consisting of 10 s at 95 °C, 10 s at 58 °C and 20 s at 72 °C. Samples were next heated to 95 °C for 30 s, cooled down to 65 °C for 1 min and heated from 65 °C to 88 °C at a rate of 1 °C/s with 25 acquisitions/°C. HRM data were analyzed by the ViiA7™ Software (version 1. 2. 1).
Draft whole genome sequencing (WGS) and data analysis Strains were sequenced at the IMAGIF sequencing platform (Imagif, Gif sur Yvette, France). Isolates were subjected to pairedend whole genome sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform (paired-end data of 2 Â 100 bp) (Illumina Inc. , San Diego, CA, USA). Ames Ancestor [GenBank:AE017334. 2] was used as the reference genome for assembly. Ames Ancestor plasmid pXO1 [GenBank:AE017336. 2] and pXO2 [GenBank:AE017335. 3] were used as references for plasmids assembly. Short reads data sets were exported on the FastQ format and mapped to the Ames Ancestor genome and both pXO1 and pXO2 plasmidic sequences using BioNumerics version 6. 6 (Applied Maths, Belgium) and Power assembler module asking for a similarity of at least 90%. A set of SNPs was deduced for each genome sequence data using BioNumerics Chromosome Comparisons module.
Whole genome phylogenetic analysis The genomic sequences for 40 available B. anthracis strains used for comparison can be found in the NCBI microbial genome website at http://www. ncbi. nom. nih. gov. The whole genome-sequencing of strain IEMVT89 has been previously reported  (Girault et al. , 2014a). A minimum spanning tree was drawn in BioNumerics by using the filtered whole genome sequencing SNP data as input. Nodes were numbered by BioNumerics. CanSNPs along the five branches revealed within the A. Br. Vollum lineage were identified from whole genome sequencing data by searching for SNPs with allelic states shared only by these different subgroups.
Extraction of whole strain-specific SNPs among B. anthracis strains Comparative analysis of the genomic sequences of these isolates was carried out using genomic data of 41 additional B. anthracis strains of worldwide origin, 33 belonging to various lineages of clade A, seven of clade B and one of clade C (Table  3 ). A total of 6316 non-homoplasic chromosomal SNPs were identified among this total dataset and used to draw the phylogeny of the Dutch isolates in comparison with the major known clades and lineages. Fig. 1  illustrates the minimum spanning tree (MST) generated by the chromosomal whole-genome SNPs analysis. Additional SNPs located on both pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids were also identified (i. e. 207 and 172 SNPs for pXO1 and pXO2, respectively) (Fig. 2 ).