dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Natsal-3 was supported by grants from the  Medical Research Council  [G0701757]; and the  Wellcome Trust  [084840]; with contributions from the  Economic and Social Research Council and Department of Health. The FECOND survey was funded by the  French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM)  and the  French National Institute for Demographic Research (INED). RS was funded by the  Economic and Social Research Council. The funders played no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
The Natsal-3 dataset is publicly available from the UK Data Service: https://discover. ukdataservice. ac. uk/; SN: 7799; persistent identifier: 10. 5255/UKDASN-77991-1. The authors do not own the data from the FECOND study, and so we are not able to upload a data set. Data from the FECOND study may be requested from Caroline Moreau, who can be contacted at caroline.
The details of all PLHIV registered for care are recorded in a treatment card designated for this purpose, known as a 'white card' at the ART centre. Some of these details are captured and maintained in an electronic database (Master Line-list) by the centre's data manager. Per national guidelines, when patients are enrolled at an ART centre, they are counselled to disclose their HIV status to their partner and family members and to have their partners undergo HIV testing as soon as possible. If the results are negative, non-infected partners are counselled to undergo HIV testing once every 6 months. The HIV status of the partner is recorded on the white card and kept confidential.
Data entry and analysis Quantitative Data entry and analysis was performed using EpiData software (v. 3. 1 for data entry and v. 2. 2. 2. 178 for data analysis, EpiData Association, Odense, Denmark). Variables were summarised using means (standard deviation) or medians (interquartile range [IQR]) or frequencies and percentages, as applicable. The association of partner testing with the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the index cases was examined using the χ 2 test, and unadjusted relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. As there was a lot of information missing from the data set, we considered it was prudent not to perform a multivariate analysis.
' ART medical officer. There should be a mechanism of community outreach for tracing the family members of PLHIV who have died 'The database has to be maintained for partner testing also; actually in our centre we did like this to improve partner testing. In fact we created one WhatsApp group between the ICTC and ART centres. The line list of those partners not tested for HIV is updated frequently; hence by going through this list when the patient comes for a follow-up visit we target them intensively to bring their partner for testing through intensive counselling. ' ART counsellor. To avoid missing partners from testing there should be good coordination between the ART centre and the ICTC; they should jointly track the partners using modern technology Category V: Social and legal factors 'I'm doing this much work.
Study design The FINE study has obtained approval from the ethics committee, the "Committee for the Protection of Persons and Competent Authority" (CPP) of Bordeaux (SOOM III, 29 may 2015). In order to identify the factors predisposing NH residents to inappropriate transfer to ED, we carry out an observational, multicenter, case-control study (clinicaltrials. gov, NCT02677272). We include all NH residents referred to ED in the study during inclusion period and an expert team defines the transfers as inappropriate (case) or appropriate (control) after the end of the follow-up of the NH resident. By comparing the characteristics of residents and NH as well as the circumstances of transfer between "cases" and "controls", we will be able to identify the factors significantly associated with inappropriate transfers.
To maximize the representativeness of the sample of NH residents (rural and urban), the Toulouse University Hospital and a representative sample of hospitals (n = 15/25) of the Midi-Pyrénées region [Corresponding to the greatest General Hospital Centers of this region] participate in recruitment. Inclusion period lasts 28 days in each center (7 days per season) for a total period of inclusion of one year. In order to respect the daily, weekly and seasonal variations, the study is conducted over 7 days (24 h a day, including a Monday, a Tuesday, a Wednesday, a Thursday, a Friday, a Saturday and a Sunday) per season. During the inclusion period, all the NH residents admitted in ED are included in the FINE study. Data collection is carried out by clinical research technicians specifically allocated to this task.
For each resident included, medical and non-medical data are collected in 4 times (Fig. 1 ): before transfer to ED in the NH (T0), at the ED (T1), in hospital wards (in case of patient's hospitalization) (T2) and at the patient's return to NH (T3). The reports and documents about the circumstances of residents' transfer made by NH and emergency medical assistance (transfer letter, emergency liaison record, drug prescription, transporter form) and reports made by ED and other hospital wards are collected exhaustively. Residents participate in the study according to the length of their stay in hospital (emergency arrival until discharge from the hospital) and 7 days after their return to NH. This duration may vary from a few hours in case of an ED visit to several days if the resident is hospitalized.
The data are collected prior to the acute episode that resulted in the transfer to the emergency department (T0), at the end of the hospitalization (if the resident is hospitalized) (T2) and within 7 days after the patient's return to the NH (T3). The evolution of the ADL score will be assessed between before (T0) and after the ED transfer (T3) separately in each group. 2. 4. 2. 3. Evolution of psychotropic drugs and inappropriate drugs prescription. Medical prescriptions are collected at T0, T1, T2 and T3. A specific focus is done on psychotropic and inappropriate drugs prescription. The evolution of the number of psychotropic and inappropriate drugs prescribed before (T0) and after the ED transfer (T3) will be assessed separately in each group. The inappropriate drugs for elderly are identified according to the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC), the EU(7) PIM-list  [17] , the good clinical practice guidelines for the elderly from the French Health Agencies  [18]  and the Alert and Mastering Indicators of Iatrogenesis  [19].
The lack of consensual definition of appropriateness of transfers to ED of NH resident is a potential limitation of our research. However, our approach is based on current available data of the literature and we believe that the methodological protocol and the tools used by the expert panel will result in clinically relevant characterization of the NH residents. In a population of 54 NH residents in the FINE pilot study, we found a rate of inappropriate transfers to ED of NH residents of 43%. This rate is similar to the one reported by  Saliba et al. , in 2000 [23]  in the United States. Various factors related to inappropriate hospitalization have been reported in the literature. Factors are related to the patient's condition like functional status, comorbidities or cognitive impairment  [18, [36] [37] [38].
Acknowledgements The authors thank the  Midi-Pyrenees Regional Direction of Medical Service , the  Midi-Pyrenees Regional Health Agency and the Research and Innovation Direction of the Toulouse University Hospital. They also thank all the geriatrician investigators, emergency physicians and clinical research associates who participated to this research:  Albi Hospital Center  ( W. Bouzid PhD ,  S. Laborie MD ,  J. Meunier MD );  Auch Hospital Center (M. Camallières MD ,  V. Sarda MD ); Ariège Couserans.
Data and methods In October 2016, we used broadcast advertisements on a popular geosocial-networking smartphone application for MSM to recruit our sample. We limited the advertisements to users in the Paris (France) metropolitan area. As done in previous research  (Duncan et al. , 2016a; Duncan et al. , 2016b; Goedel & Duncan, 2015) , users were shown an advertisement with text encouraging them to click through the advertisement to complete an anonymous web-based survey. The advertisement described that users who completed the survey were entered in a chance to win €65, which is approximately $US70. We provided the incentive to encourage participation. The advertisement was placed during three consecutive 24-hour weekday periods. After implementing precautions to avoid and eliminate duplicate responses  (Duncan et al.
Methods Airway epithelial cell culture AEC were isolated and cultured as already described  [16]. Briefly, human primary BEC were obtained from lung donor trachea or bronchi, included within the multicentre COLT (Cohort in Lung Transplantation, NCT00980967) study (Comité de Protection des Personnes Ouest 1-Tours, 2009-A00036-51). Study was approved by local ethical committee. After excision, tissues were incubated at 4 °C overnight with 1 mg/ml type XIV collagenase in HEPES-buffered RPMI (both from Sigma-Aldrich). Isolated AEC were washed and cultured for less than 5 passages in cnT17 (CELLnTEC Advanced Cell Systems AG, Bern, Switzerland) containing penicillin and streptomycin (P/S) (respectively 100 UI/ml and 100 μg/ml) on 24-well plates coated with human type IV collagen (Sigma-Aldrich).
Inhibitors were added 30 min. Before AEC stimulation and were kept in the medium during the culture. After 24 h of culture, supernatants were collected, centrifuged for 5 min at 13,000 g and frozen at -20 °C for subsequent analysis. AEC were rinsed with PBS (Gibco) before RNA and protein extraction. RT 2 profiler PCR array and quantitative PCR RNA were extracted using the RNA NucleoSpin kit (Macherey-Nagel, Hoerdt, France). The human EMT RT 2 profiler PCR array (Qiagen) was utilized to investigate a panel of 84 EMT related genes according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, 500 ng of RNA was converted to cDNA using RT 2 First Strand Kit (Qiagen). cDNA was amplified by qPCR in RT 2 SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix (Qiagen), using a Bio-rad CFX96 system. Analysis of expression was then performed using the web-based RT 2 profiler PCR Array data analysis software (Qiagen).
Immunofluorescence β-catenin and E-cadherin staining were performed on methanol fixed submerged cultures. Primary antibody against total β-catenin (Cell Signaling) and E-cadherin (Invitrogen) were used followed by an Alexa Fluor 568-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG or an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated anti-mouse IgG (both from Life Technologies). Nuclei were stained with DAPI and samples were mounted with Prolong Gold Antifade reagent (Life Technologies). Images were taken using Axiovert 200 M microscope and analyzed with Axiovision 4. 5 software (Carl Zeiss; Marly Le Roi, France).
Statistical analysis Data are expressed as mean +/-standard error of mean (SEM). Number of independent repeats is stated in the figure legends. Differences between groups were assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Tukey post hoc test using GraphPad Prism 6. 0 (GraphPad Software; La Jolla, USA). * p < 0. 05, ** p < 0. 01, *** p < 0. 001.
A B Fig. 1  Inflammatory response of airway epithelial cells exposed to poly(I:C) or LPS. a Primary human AEC were cultured under submerged conditions without (-) or with poly(I:C) (pIC) or LPS (LPS) in presence or not of TGF-β. Cytokine and chemokine secretion was investigated after 24 h of culture. b AEC were pretreated with a TLR3/dsRNA complex inhibitor (614310) before analysis of cytokine and chemokine secretion. Data in A and B are derived from 6 and 3 independent experiments. Statistical significances were determined with a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post-hoc test junction, and the subsequent production of MMP-9. Epithelial junctions in AEC were then investigated by fluorescent microscopy. Treatment with TGF-β or TGFβ + LPS did not alter the E-cadherin and β-catenin membrane staining (Fig.
Acknowledgements Cohort Of Lung Transplantation-COLT (associating surgeons, anaesthetistsintensivists, physicians, research staff). Bordeaux:  J. Jougon ,  J. -F. Velly ,  H. Rozé ,  E. Blanchard ,  C. Dromer. Bruxelles:  M. Antoine ,  M. Cappello ,  R. Souilamas ,  M. Ruiz ,  Y. Sokolow ,  F. Vanden Eynden ,  G. Van Nooten ,  L. Barvais ,  J. Berré ,  S. Brimioulle ,  D. De Backer ,  J. Créteur ,  E. Engelman ,  I. Huybrechts ,  B. Ickx ,  T. J. C. Preiser ,  T. Tuna ,  L. Van Obberghe ,  N. Vancutsem ,  J. -L. Vincent ,  P. De Vuyst ,  I. Etienne ,  F. Féry ,  F. Jacobs ,  C. Knoop ,  J. L. Vachiéry ,  P. Van den Borne ,  I. Wellemans ,  G. Amand ,  L. Collignon ,  M. Giroux. Grenoble:  E. Arnaud Crozat ,  O. Chavanon ,  J. P. Fleury ,  A. Pirvu ,  P. Porcu ,  R. Hacini ,  P. Albaladejo ,  C.
Funding This research program was supported by  Vaincre la Mucoviscidose, Association Gregory Lemarchal, Agence de Biomédecine, INSERM, Région Pays de La Loire, Institut de Recherche en Santé Respiratoire des Pays de la Loire ,  Fonds de Recherche en Santé Respiratoire ,  Fondation du Souffle and Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. This work was realized in the context of the  IHU-Cesti  project, the  DHU Oncogreffe , the  LabEX IGO  and the  Labex TRANSPLANTEX thanks to French government  financial support managed by the  National Research Agency  via the " Investment Into The Future ". The  IHU-Cesti  project is also supported by  Nantes Métropole and Région Pays de la Loire.
Funding: V. A. W. at the  Bruy ere Research Institute  is supported by her  Ontario Early Researcher Award. P. T. at the  University of Ottawa  is supported by his  Canada Research Chair in Health Equity. The  Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit at the Parker Institute (RC)  is supported by grants from the  Oak Foundation  ( OCAY-13-309 ). S. V. K. is funded by a  NHS Research Scotland Senior Clinical Fellowship  ( SCAF/15/02 ), the  Medical Research Council  ( MC_UU_12017/13 & MC_UU_12017/15 ) and the  Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office  ( SPHSU13 & SPHSU15 ). Conflict of interest: V. A. W. is a coconvener of the  Campbell and Cochrane Equity Methods Group. R. L. M. holds an Australian  NHMRC Early Career Fellowship  # 1054216. J. A. S. reports grants from  Takeda  and Savient, personal fees from  Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC , and the  American College of Rheumatology , grants from  Horizon pharmaceuticals , outside the submitted work; and J.
Anthropometric data were collected while patients were barefoot and wearing only underwear. Weight was determined using the same digital scale during the entire program. Height was measured using a measuring rod. At each session, the same care assistant measured the anthropometric data for all patients of each sub-group. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Waist circumference was measured with a non-elastic tape-lint at the end of a natural breath at midpoint between the top of the iliac crest and the lower margin of the last palpable rib by the same care assistant all patient of each sub-group. Fasting serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, were determined with the analyzer AU 2700 BCO Bexman Coulter Olympus. Education level was defined according to 4 categories: no diploma, college degree, high school diploma or more.
Physical activity was scored out of 20. It included a fitness score out of 10, methods of locomotion scored out of 5 and sport activity scored out of 5  [9, 10]  as well as assessment of balance, of muscle strength and of suppleness. The objective of the physical activity score is to determine the current status and to evaluate the improvement during the follow-up. According to the score, a specific care by a physiologist can be proposed. Information about when obesity started (in childhood, adolescence or adulthood) was recorded with declarative data or growth curves from the health journal if available. For patients suffering from obesity, others data were collected. Indeed, number of approaches was defined by the previously number of weight loss attempts (alone or with the help of dieticians or doctors) according to declarative data.
Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 24. Group differences ("Cognitive Decline" vs. "Cognitive Stable") were examined with the Mann-Whitney's U test, and withingroup differences (baseline vs. follow-up) with a repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). Correlations between baseline gait and longitudinal cognitive change in MMSE and 7MS scores were computed using Spearman's Rho correlation coefficients (ρ) for non-linear data. Perfect monotonic relations would reveal a ρ of 1 or -1. Significance was set at 0. 05.
Acknowledgements The following people constituted the research group in charge of thestudy design: AD, BG, ALB,VP, MB, CFC, JD, AP, CS,and PB. AD, ALB,VP, MB, CFC, BG, and PB wereresponsible for the selection of the medical domains and subdomains to beaddressed in PIM-Check. We are grateful to the following medicalspecialists from the  Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève  for theirindividual contributions to the semi-structured interviews:  Victor Bancila (psychiatry),  Philippe Bichard  (gastroenterology),  Françoise Boehlen (haematology and haemostasis),  Sandra Boehncke  (endocrinology), Yassine Bouatou  (nephrology), JD (clinical pharmacology and pain clinic), Georg Ehret  (cardiology),  Stefan Harbarth  (infectious diseases),  Jean-PaulJanssens  (pneumology),  Loïc Locatelli  (psychiatry and addictology), Philippe Meyer  (cardiology and hypertension),  Michael Nissen (rheumatology),  Zoltan Pataky  (obesity), CS (clinical pharmacology), TarekShaarawy (ophthalmology),  Catherine Stoermann  (nephrology), and  Serge Vulliemoz (neurology).
| INTRODUCTION In recent years, a number of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been developed for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). 2] [3] [4] [5]  Hence, apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and edoxaban have been approved for the treatment of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). 6 [5] 7  Hence, there are reasons to suggest that fragile patients with VTE could be considered ideal candidates for long-term therapy with DOACs. 4, 5, 7, 8 However, the proportion of fragile patients in real life, and their outcome during the course of anticoagulant therapy have not been thoroughly studied yet. RIETE (Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) is a multicenter, ongoing, international (Spain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Ecuador, France, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Republic of Macedonia, Switzerland, and the United States enroll patients) registry of consecutive patients with symptomatic, objectively confirmed, acute VTE (ClinicalTrials.
| Inclusion criteria Consecutive patients presenting with symptomatic, acute DVT or PE confirmed by objective tests (compression ultrasonography or contrast venography for DVT; helical CT-scan, ventilation-perfusion lung scintigraphy or angiography for PE) were enrolled in RIETE. Patients were excluded if they were currently participating in a therapeutic clinical trial with a blinded therapy. All patients (or their legal power of attorney) provided written or oral consent for participation in the registry, in accordance with local ethics committee requirements. Physicians participating in the RIETE registry made all efforts to enroll consecutive patients. Data were recorded onto a computer-based casereport form at each participating hospital and submitted to a centralized coordinating center through a secure website.
To ensure the validity of the information entered into the database, one of the specially trained monitors visited each participating hospital and compared information in 25-50 randomly chosen patient records with the information entered into the RIETE database. For data quality assessment, monitors assessed 4100 random records from all participating hospitals, which included 1 230 000 measurements. These data showed a 95% overall agreement between the registered information and patient records. RIETE also used electronic data monitoring to detect inconsistencies or errors and attempted to resolve discrepancies by contacting the local coordinators.
efit of tailored therapy for VTE according to clinical characteristics of the patients and warrant external validation. The present study has a number of potential limitations. First, since RIETE is an observational registry (and not a randomized trial) our data are hypothesis-generating. They might be a useful basis for future controlled clinical trials comparing different therapeutic strategies, but we should be extremely cautious in suggesting changes in treatment strategies just because of uncontrolled registry data. Second, patients were not treated with a standardized anticoagulant regimen; treatment varied with local practice, and is likely to have been influenced by a physician's assessment of a patient's risk of bleeding. Finally, patients in the RIETE database resided in several different countries.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We express our gratitude to  Sanofi Spain  for supporting this registry with an unrestricted educational grant. We also express our gratitude to  Bayer Pharma AG  for supporting this registry. Bayer Pharma AG 's support was limited to the part of RIETE outside Spain, which accounts for 23. 46% of the total patients included in the RIETE Registry. We also thank the  RIETE Registry Coordinating Center, S & H Medical Science Service , for their quality control data, logistic, and administrative support, and  Prof. Salvador Ortiz ,  Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Statistical Advisor S& H Medical Science Service  for the statistical analysis of the data presented in this paper.
Data This empirical work is based on the data derived from the national representative SIP (Santé et Itinéraire Professionnel) survey, performed by the French Ministries of Labor and Health (DARES and DREES), the French Center for Employment Studies (CEE) and the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). This study uses public data collected in a survey for official statistics. All subjects gave their informed consent to participate in the survey; the data collection protocol and the questionnaire were approved by the Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés (National Commission for Liberty and Informatics) (No. 1179915). This survey conducted in France in 2006-2007 is retrospective and jointly accounts for health events and the career paths of individuals.
This retrospective information is used to construct a person-years database of smoking status, family status and other time-varying or fixed individual variables. Given the age of the first family events, we restricted the person-year database of analysis from 17 years old to 50 years old. Adjustment was made for activity status as a time-varying variable in five categories: long-term employment (five years or more), short-employment (less than five years, or inactivity and unemployment of less than one year), unemployment (more than one year), inactivity (more than one year), and schooling. The following variables were also adjusted for: social class from last or current (six categories); number of major life events during childhood (handicap or serious illness, health problems or death of a relative, family conflict or separation, violence, financial difficulties, etc.