dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
The way forward Taken together, the emerging evidence base for CIED reuse, combined with the evolving regulatory framework around the practice, positions humanitarian CIED recycling as a concept primed for a "coming of age. " 17] 28  Similarly, surveys indicate that recycling of CIEDs after death or at the time of CIED removal are favorably viewed by most CIED "donor" patients. 29 Finally, recently published data indicated that recipient patients and their family members support the concept of pacemaker reuse for patients who cannot afford new devices. The published evidence should change perceptions, and we as a community must now advance the culture around CIED recycling. Given the burden of cardiovascular disease in LMIC, and a likely significant contribution of conduction system disease in this cohort, the impact from widespread and robust application of this therapy could be profound.
However, very few studies have explored drug treatments before and after hospital admission and other types of medical care (revascularization, functional rehabilitation etc. ) in this setting  [2, 5, 8, 10]. Furthermore, there were interstudy differences in the inclusion criteria (e. g. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) only) and data sources (hospital databases, cohort studies, clinical trials, and population-based registries)  [7] [8] [9] 11]. The goal of the present study was to compare incident and recurrent cases of ACS with regard to clinical characteristics and care. More precisely, we compared (i) the distribution of the different types of ACS, (ii) the patients' cardiovascular risk factor profiles and their treatments before the acute event, (iii) the care received during the acute phase of the event and at discharge, and (iv) survival 28 days and 1 year after the event.
Multiple sources were cross-checked to ensure exhaustive data collection: discharge letters, computerized lists containing the diagnosis stated upon hospital discharge, emergency department computer lists, death certificates, etc. The documentation of ACS was based on the patient's clinical history and hospital records. Clinical diagnoses were obtained from medical records. To be included in the study, patients had to have been hospitalized with one of the following clinical diagnoses: acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or unstable angina (UA). Coronary deaths were also included. Sudden deaths were excluded because clinical, laboratory and electrocardiographic data were often missing. Other nonfatal coronary episodes (such as decompensations of pre-existing coronary heart diseases) and ACS in already hospitalized patients (for another disease than ACS) were also excluded, in order to reduce heterogeneity.
Data collection For each case, the registry investigators collected every week data on clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic variables, risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and smoking status) and cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities from the patient's medical records. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) were coded as (i) 'ST+' for the occurrence of a new Q-wave and/or occurrence of a new left bundle-branch block (LBBB) or the occurrence or presence of ST elevation; (ii) 'non-ST+' for other repolarization abnormalities (such as a negative T wave) and normal ECGs; (iii) 'not classifiable' for patients with a pacemaker, interventricular block, complete atrioventricular block, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular rhythm, pre-existing LBBB, or right bundle-branch block, or (iv) 'missing' when the data were missing.
If a rise and/or a decrease in troponin values is described, only the highest troponin value of the peak is recorded and the value is coded as positive (defined as a serum troponin level greater than or equal to twice the laboratory's normal upper limit), negative, or equivocal. The types of ACS were defined as follows  [14] : STEMI corresponded to an ST+ ECG and a positive troponin assay; NSTEMI corresponded to a non-ST+ ECG and a positive troponin assay; UA corresponded to a non-ST+ ECG and a negative troponin assay; "other" events corresponded to patients who had an acute coronary syndrome with an ST+ ECG but with equivocal or normal troponins (11%) or patients for whom the ECG data was unclassifiable or was missing (36%), or the troponin assay was missing (44%) or both ECG and troponines were missing (9%).
Lastly, as the age limit for inclusion in the registry was 74, our results cannot be extrapolated to older age groups. The present study had several methodological strengths. It included exhaustive 6-month data from three French morbidity registries. Data were recorded in accordance with the MONICA registry's methodology by trained investigators able to adjudicate all coronary events. The MONICA registries cover all public and private hospitals and all hospitalized patients -regardless of the admission pathway. The registries are reliable, and the coverage in each region is close to 100%.
Concerning the manufacturer Omnivision, the active power requirements for its model Ov8850 (8 Mpx)  [12]  is four times larger than that of Ov2640 (2 Mpx)  [13]. This observation led us to prefer the resolution 1600 × 1200, corresponding to the UXGA format, which appears to be a good compromise. Figures  2  and 3 , showing a 3D rendering obtained with agisoft metashape software, illustrates the difference between the two resolutions mentioned above. The resulting model contains white areas, corresponding either to areas occupied by water or areas of sky, for which the photogrammetric model cannot identify a correspondence between the different images. This simple visual comparison allows us to verify the possibility of making relevant 3D models but not to quantify the real performance of the model in terms of resolution because it depends on the distance at which the images are taken.
Influence of the Distance We have chosen to implement the ESP32-Cam image sensor, a device widely used in IoT applications  [14] [15] [16]  compatible with the camera model Ov2640. The ESP32 module is a microcontroller from Espressif and Ai-Thinker, with advanced features such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and an SD card. This tiny board (27 mm × 40. 5 mm) includes a microcontroller with embedded memory (448 kB ROM, 520 kB SRAM) and a socket for a microSD card. It is associated with a mini camera (Ov2640), this is why it is called ESP32-Cam. It is a low power consumption module, therefore ideal for IoT projects. To evaluate the performance of this sensor in our field of application, we have conducted a series of tests by applying photogrammetry on a reduced area of 31 m long and representing an area of 93 m 2 measured in the experimental zone.
Saving Photo and Transmitting To determine the energy for both scenarios, the power consumption for saving an image to an SD card and transmitting the same image via Wi-Fi was measured. The results of the measurements are given in Figure  7. However, for each of them, the energy of the operation is related to the image size (thus to the amount of data saved or transmitted). These measurements make it possible to calculate the energy of these operations, presented in Table  6. In addition to this energy consumption, the configuration of the Wi-Fi, whatever the transmission that will follow, has an energy cost measured on our card at 0. 23 J. It is necessary to do this configuration only one time per transmission session. In a session, N images can be sent until the code in the microcontroller ends the Wi-Fi connection or when an external event ( battery depleted, for example) shuts down the sensors.
Wi-Fi Reception of Photo In keeping with the idea of using commercially available devices, we used a Raspberry Pi (RPi) to receive the Wi-Fi data and re-transmit it to the mobile network. If, as explained above, there are already multiple studies on the energy balance of a mobile link and the powering of the Raspberry by solar panel, we have evaluated the additional energy cost necessary for deploying this multi-sensor photogrammetry system. Energy consumed by the multi-sensor system can be calculated as the sum of the energy related to the activation of the Wi-Fi on the device and that related to the reception of each photo, where n is the number of photos. E RPi = E Wi-Fiactived + N * E Photorx (8) The energy related to the reception of a photo is obtained by measuring the consumption during the reception.
Selection Process and Data Extraction Reviews and meta-analyses identified after the systematic searches were screened by title, abstract and content relevance by two independent researchers (MT and J-JT). They were considered relevant if they met the following criteria: (i) concerning the effects of exergames on brain and cognition, and (ii) including only healthy older adults (>60 years old) or a separated analysis of healthy older adults among other populations. Each researcher should select "included, " "excluded, " or "doubt" and describe the reason for doubt or exclusion. Subsequently, the researchers compared the answers and discussed each disagreement to define the articles to be read in full text. In case of doubt, the full text was used for a final decision. Thirteen reviews and meta-analyses (out of 53 initially screened) were selected based on these criteria (see Table  2 ).
The Xbox Kinect console (+ Kinect sensors allowing to control an avatar) was the most frequently used  (Kayama et al. , 2014; Ordnung et al. , 2017; Bacha et al. , 2018; Guimarães et al. , 2018; Htut et al. , 2018; Moreira et al. , 2021) , together with the Nintendo Wii package  (Maillot et al. , 2012)  and Dance Dance Revolution  (Chuang et al. , 2015). Lab-customized exergames were also used in two studies  (Peng et al. , 2020; Gouveia et al. , 2021). In  Peng et al. 's (2020)  study, they consisted of a mat allowing participants to perform steps to play a puzzle game, competing against each other to hit each light on the grid to turn it "off " the most quickly, to play a reaction time game with a basketball or performing verbal memory exercises on the circle-type mat for balance and agility training.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank  Jacques Pienaar  and  Časlav Brukner  for cordial and fruitful conversations about their recent works and the interpretations of quantum mechanics in general. Thanks also to  Wolfgang Wieland  for an early exchange on Brukner's paper. This work is partly funded by the  ID#   61466  grant from the  John Templeton Foundation , as part of the "The  Quantum Information Structure of Spacetime (QISS)"  Project (qiss. fr).
For the Bragg edge image collections, the sample was positioned close to the detector to minimize the geometric blur due to the divergent beam. Detector readout times and channel widths were configured for a given material. The data collection times varied between 2 and 8 h. For each detector setting (different shutter settings determining which part of transmission spectra is not measured due to detector readout deadtime), an 'open beam' data set was collected, with the sample removed. For the JIS SKD61 tool steel samples, the residual strain in the peened surface was measured by Bragg edge neutron imaging, while the residual stress was measured by X-ray diffraction using the 2D XRD method, and the results from both techniques were compared. Bragg edge neutron imaging was performed on the IMAT beamline at ISIS, UK, using a pinhole size D = 40 mm ( L/D = 250).
Data analysis A Bragg edge fitting function described in  [ 31 , 33 ]  was used in this study ( Eq. (  2 ) ). While pixel-by-pixel analysis is possible in principle, strain maps were reconstructed from Bragg edge information averaged from a combination of a group of pixels, a socalled macro-pixel  [49]. The running average of the macro-pixel with step size of 1 pixel (55 μm) was then applied across the image to reconstruct the strain map. This is performed to improve the statistics (and thus decreases the counting time) at the expense of spatial resolution  [20]. The Bragg edge fitting and the reconstruction of Bragg edge parameter maps, i. e. , edge position, height, shape, and corresponding uncertainties, were performed using TPX_EdgeFit (Anton Tremsin, personal communication, 1 October 2016).
For the cases in this study, three Bragg edge parameters, i. e. , position, edge pedestal, and edge height were fitted for the sake of robust fits of a multitude of spectra. The edge widths were fixed to values from calibration data as there was no indication of Bragg edge broadening, and as fitting the width parameter did not significantly affect the strain results. An exception was made for the data analysis of AA7050, where the edge width parameter σ was also fitted to observe plasticity. The (hkl) used for the analysis was Fe(110) for JIS SKD61 steel and 12%Cr steel, and Al(111) for AA7050. Post processing of the maps, e. g. , from edge position to strain, adjusting scales and applying color maps, was performed using Fiji  [50]  , a distribution of the open-source image analysis software ImageJ.
Acknowledgments RSR would like to acknowledge  STFC  for their support through the  sponsored PhD program  under ISIS facility development studentship. The authors are grateful for beam time provision on IMAT, ISIS,  UK  ( 10. 5286/ISIS. E. RB1820631 ;  10. 5286/ISIS. E. RB1910464 ),  RADEN, MLF, Japan  (Proposal No. 2018A0155 ), and  SALSA, ILL, France  ( 10. 5291/ILL-DATA. 1-02-315 ). This research was partly supported by  JSPS KAKENHI , grant numbers  18KK0103  and  20H02021. MEF is grateful for funding from the  Lloyd's Register Foundation , a charitable foundation helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research.
Geometric morphometric analyses of the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) shape We used a diffeomorphic surface matching (DSM) approach to analyse the EDJ conformation. This method constructs shape atlases using mathematical currents (functions to analyse manifolds), where topology of the template is preserved and deformation parameters are optimised independently of the shape parameters  [114] [115] [116]  ). We used the Deformetrica v. 4. 3 software (https://www. deformetrica. org) to generate a global mean shape with a set of diffeomorphisms relating the global mean shape to each individual and the output (control points and deformation momenta) to perform the statistical analyses, and explore the EDJ shape variation and classify the data. This approach has already been used to study the EDJ shape of fossil hominins and proved to be a reliable method to discriminate between taxa  117, 118.
Where small parts of the cervix were missing, its location was estimated. In most cases the cervix landmarks were placed on a surface model of the whole dentine crown as this is most appropriate and facilitates placing landmarks on specimens in which missing enamel impacts the completeness of an EDJ surface. Geometrically corresponding semilandmarks  119  were derived in Mathematica (Wolfram Inc. ) by using a software routine  120, 121  following the measurement protocol detailed in Skinner et al. 122, 123. A smooth curve was interpolated using a cubic spline function. The cubic spline was fitted by starting at the first landmark and moving in a lingual direction to the last point. The interpolated curves were then resampled to achieve identical point counts among specimens. The semi-landmarks of the EDJ marginal ridge were then projected onto the curve, dividing the curve into four sections (protoconid to metaconid: 12 landmarks; metaconid to entoconid: 12 landmarks; entoconid to hypoconid: 24 landmarks; hypoconid to protoconid: 12 landmarks).
3 m/z isolation width and HCD fragmentation at a normalised collision energy of 28 and measured at 45,000 resolution, 1e5 AGC target, 45 ms max. IT, and a first mass of 100 m/z. The raw files were analysed with Maxquant version 1. 6. 0. 17  133  searching against an in-house curated database containing protein sequences expected in the Hominidae enamel proteome  35, 36. Candidate peptides were generated by "unspecific" digestion and allowed for up to 3 of the following variable modifications: deamidation (NQ), hydroxyproline (P), phosphorylation (STY), oxidation (MW), dioxidation (W), kynurenine formation (W), and arginine-to-ornithine conversion (R), which were chosen based on a previously published open-search strategy 134 using the "dependent peptides" search feature of Maxquant. The Maxquant search also included the approximately 3-centuries old enamel proteome from a human (Ø1952, male, Homo sapiens) that was previously prepared and analysed in an identical manner  35  , as well as numerous extraction and mass spectrometry blanks.
A similar inspection of phylogenetically informative sites among great apes indicates that TNH2-1 represents a hominin (Supplementary Fig. 14 ; Supplementary Table  8 ). Protein modifications that were previously identified in early Pleistocene enamel  34  were quantified by relative spectral counting. Therefore, the number of peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs) containing a certain PTM was divided by the total number of PSMs containing the respective amino acid(s) that can be modified. The sequence motif analysis of peptides containing a phosphorylated serine residue was done using the R-package "ggseqlogo"  135. The R scripts for the PTM analyses and construction of Supplementary Fig. 4  are available in the supplementary data 1. Peptide fragment spectra covering sites relevant for phylogenetic placement were annotated using the "Interactive Peptide Spectral Annotator" webtool 136 (Supplementary Fig.
14 ; Supplementary Data 1) and calibrated peak lists from Maxquant. Raw data and peptide identifications resulting from our MaxQuant analyses are available on ProteomeXchange 137 (PXD018721). or broken. We did not see significant differences on teeth that would suggest the presence of several species. On two well-preserved m3s (particularly the complete TNH2-117) (Fig. 6j-k ), the anterior cingulum is marked and the median accessory cuspids are well developed. It is also notable on one M3 (TNH2-125), with welldeveloped cingulum and median cusp (hyperconule) behind the first row like in Sus scrofa (versus Sus barbatus  138  ). The dimensions taken on few teeth fall in ranges of Sus scrofa from the late Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene Indochinese sites  28, [139] [140] [141]  , unlike Sus lydekkeri which was much larger  25  (Supplementary Data 2).
Even if morphological and morphometrical data are not directly comparable, the outline and the orientation of the hypoconulid on the m3 are closer to those of the Late Pleistocene Bos gaurus frontalis (Fig. S4c  from ref. 143  ) (different nomenclatures are available for this taxon: Bos gaurus  144  ; Bos frontalis  [145] [146] [147]  ). Five fragmentary milk teeth and one complete left d3 are likely to be associated with this set of permanent teeth. The large bovid of TNH2 can be assigned to Bos sp. , possibly B. cf. frontalis. Bovids from TNH2 cave also include one small-sized caprine with three almost complete and three fragmentary isolated teeth. One fragmentary maxilla still covered by hard breccia sediment displays the left side with D4, M1, and M2 still in the bone (TNH2-94) (Fig. 6i ).
z-aa TNH2-11, fragment of a right m3 of Bos sp. in buccal (z) and occlusal (aa) views. ab-ac TNH2-196, left d4 of a medium-sized cervid in buccal (ab) and occlusal (ac) views. ad-ae TNH2-32, right D2 of a medium-sized cervid in lingual (ad) and occlusal (ae) views. af-ag TNH2-167, right p4 of Macaca sp. in buccal (af) and occlusal (ag) views. ah TNH2-152, left lower canine of a female Macaca sp. in lateral view. ai TNH2-155, left M1 of Ursus thibetanus in occlusal view. Scale: 1 cm. dataset identifier PXD018721, including the used proteomic reference database. The hominins teeth and faunal teeth measurements data generated in this study are provided in the Supplementary Data 2 file. The script for Bayesian modelling the Tam Ngu Hao 2 age estimates is provided in Supplementary Fig. 13. TNH2-1 tooth and all the faunal teeth TNH2-2 to TNH2-208 are housed at the National Museum under the responsibility of the Ministry of Information and Culture of Lao PDR.
Acknowledgements The team dedicates this work to  Mr Thongsa Sayavongkhamdy. We thank the  Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism of Lao PDR  for encouraging and supporting our work, marking almost 20 years of collaboration. We thank the authorities of Xon district,  Hua Pan Province  and the villagers of  Long Gua Pa village  for their continuous support of our numerous years of fieldwork. We also thank many curators and colleagues who granted access to the comparative fossil and recent hominin specimens for scanning, as well as the online sharing platforms of the Nespos society (http://www. nespos. org)and  ESRF Paleontological database  (http://paleo. esrf. eu). We acknowledge  A. Mazurier  and  R. Macchiarelli  ( University of Poitiers ),  A. Bravin ,  C. Nemoz  and  P. Tafforeau  ( ESRF Synchrotron ),  P.
This research has been funded by the  Australian Research Council (ARC)   Future Fellowship award  ( FT180100309 ) (M. W. M. ), the  Australian Research Council (ARC)   Discovery grant  ( DP170101597 ) (K. E. W. ), and the  Australian Research Council (ARC) LEF  Grant ( LE200100022 ) (R. J-B. ), the  Marie Skłodowska Curie Individual Fellowship  (no. 795569 ) (F. W. ). Marie Skłodowska-Curie European Training Network (ETN) TEMPERA , a project funded by the  European Union 's  Framework Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020  (no. 722606 ) (E. C. , J. V. O. , P. R. ), the  European Research Council (ERC)  under the European Union's  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  (no. 948365 ) (F. W. ), the  VILLUM FONDEN  (no. 17649 ) (E. C. ). European Union's  Framework Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020  (no.
Aims. The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey has been carried out during the performance verification phase of the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma/eROSITA telescope and was completed in November 2019. This survey is designed to provide the first eROSITA-selected sample of clusters and groups and to test the predictions for the all-sky survey in the context of cosmological studies with clusters of galaxies. Methods. In the area of ∼140 square degrees covered by eFEDS, 542 candidate clusters and groups of galaxies were detected as extended X-ray sources with the eSASS source detection algorithm. We performed imaging and spectral analysis of the 542 cluster candidates with eROSITA X-ray data and studied the properties of the sample. Results. We provide the catalog of candidate galaxy clusters and groups detected by eROSITA in the eFEDS field down to a flux of ∼ 10 -14 erg s -1 cm -2 in the soft band (0.
5-2 keV band of 0. 1 ks or more), with the similar depth as the full eROSITA All-Sky Survey in the equatorial regions. The average exposure times are ∼ 2. 2 ks and ∼ 1. 2 ks before and after correcting for vignetting effects. The eFEDS field has also been observed with a broad array of multiwavelength survey instruments from optical to radio bands. In particular, the photometric data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP;  Aihara et al. 2018b,a; Miyazaki et al. 2018; Komiyama et al. 2018; Kawanomoto et al. 2018; Furusawa et al. 2018; Bosch et al. 2018; Huang et al. 2018; Coupon et al. 2018 ; Redshift Fig. 2. Distribution of the 542 cluster candidates in eFEDS. The color code represents the redshift of the cluster, provided by MCMF  (Klein et al. 2018 (Klein et al.