dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the  Sir Jules Thorn Trust  [ 21JTA ],  Wellcome Trust  [ 107469/Z/15/Z ;  200990/A/16/Z ;  222883/Z/21/Z ],  Medical Research Council (UK) ,  British Heart Foundation  [ RE/18/4/34215 ;  FS/CRLF/21/23011 ],  NHLI Foundation Royston Centre for Cardiomyopathy Research , and the  NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre. MTD was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG006834. JSB was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG009650. FC was supported by the  European Molecular Biology Laboratory. JF and DP were supported by  Wellcome  [grant number  WT223718/Z/21/Z  and  220540/Z/20/A  Wellcome Sanger Institute Quinquennial Review 2021-2026]. CLM was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG006834.
ERR was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG006834. PNR was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG011449. David van Sant  was funded by  NIH :  T15LM007124. PanelApp Australia is funded by  Australian Genomics  ( NHMRC  grants  GNT1113531  and  GNT2000001 ). NW is supported by a  Sir Henry Dale Fellowship  jointly funded by the  Wellcome Trust  and the  Royal Society  ( 220134/Z/20/Z ) and the  Rosetrees Trust  ( PGL19-2/10025 ). HLR was supported by the  National Human Genome Research Institute  grant  U24HG006834. Open Targets is supported by  Open Targets. The work performed by authors at  European Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute  for the  Transforming Genomic Medicine Initiative  project was supported by the  Wellcome Trust  ( WT200990/Z/16/Z ).
RESULTS Survey of PEDv decay in seawater. The half-life of the coronavirus in seawater was poorly characterized when starting these experiments. Therefore, in a preliminary experiment (data not show), we measured the decay of virions at four different temperatures (4, 8, 15, and 24°C) for 16 days. At the two lowest temperatures, we observed only a slight decrease in infection of 5% and 12% at 4°C and 8°C, respectively, by day 16. At day 16, for the 15°C temperature, the infectious titer dropped by about 40% (from 6 log10 50% tissue culture infective dose [TCID 50 ] to 3. 6 log10 TCID 50 ), and complete loss of infection was observed after 7 days at 24°C (0. 8 log10 TCID 50 ). In parallel with infectivity, a measure of genomic load was performed using reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), which revealed the stability of the viral genome throughout the 16 days duration of this preliminary experiment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells and virus. Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81) are maintained in Eagle's minimum essential medium (EMEM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, France) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (reference 702774; Corning) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (reference 11548876; Gibco). CV777 viral strain (GenBank accession number AF353511) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) was used as a surrogate of the SARS-CoV-2. Briefly, the virus is amplified on Vero cells, in an infection medium, composed of EMEM supplemented with 0. 3% tryptone phosphate broth, 0. 02% yeast extract, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 10 mg/mL trypsin (reference 215240; Difco). After 16 h of infection, the cells are lysed by three successive freezing (280°C) and thawing (37°C) cycles. The culture medium is clarified by rapid centrifugation at 10,000 Â g for 10 min, and then the virus is pelletized for 4 h at 20,000 Â g and taken up in 1/100 of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) of the initial volume of the CV777 inoculum.
(iv) Seawater temperature along the French Coast. The temperature of the water is regularly monitored on different site of the seashore in France. In this study, data collected in continental French   (71). Here, we focused on surface waters only, with a depth varying between 0 and 1 m. The dataset consisted in 54,000 temperature records, which were analyzed quarterly from January to December to derive the average quarter temperature for each year. Feeding the decay model with these temperature records allowed for evaluating the virus half-life for each sampling location and each quarter.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is supported by the  Agence Nationale de la Recherche  and the  Fondation de France  ( ANR RA-COVID wave   5 , no. 00109676 ), the  Région Pays de la Loire  (order no. 2020-12887 ), internal funding from  Ifremer General Direction  ( SARS-CoV-2 action plan ), and the  European  project  VEO  ( H2020 ,  SC1-2019-874735 ).
It showed that the inner nuclei of Jupiter family comets (JFC, hereafter) and β Pic's exocomets follow a similar radius distribution with radii 1-10 km and a dN ∝ R -3. 6±0. 8 dR. Collisional relaxation in a population of small bodies can produce such a distribution. Our objective is to directly observe the dust produced by the HD 172555 exocomets, and enable the characterisation of the small bodies in this young system. In this paper, we report on high-precision photometric monitoring of HD 172555 with the CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite (CHEOPS; Benz 2021). In Sect. 2 we summarise the instrumental configuration and the CHEOPS data reduction. In Sect. 3 we analyse the δ Scuti variations observed in HD 172555's CHEOPS light curve. In Sect. 4 we report the search for transients in the light curve detrended from the identified δ Scuti oscillations.
The injected signal is clearly detected in all the detrending schemes. For the 'S /N > 4. 8' scheme, the injected signal is strongly affected by the removal of oscillations and the absorption depth is strongly damped to below 544 ppm (as injected), while the t = 0. 3-day candidate transient has disappeared. In Table  4  we added the parameters fitted at the position of the injected transient, showing that the transit time, ∆t, and K   2 )-(  8 ), compared to the 1-h binned detrended light curves. From top to bottom, the colour codes identify the same datasets as in Fig. 6. parameters derived for the detrended light curves with S /N > 8-10 are almost not affected by removal of periodic variabilities. The value derived for β is strongly discrepant with the injected value, showing the difficulty to have a good estimate as to the real signal.
Acknowledgements. CHEOPS is an  European Space Agency  ( ESA ) mission in partnership with Switzerland with important contributions to the payload and the ground segment from  Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Sweden , and the  United Kingdom. The CHEOPS Consortium would like to gratefully acknowledge the support received by all the agencies, offices, universities, and industries involved. Their flexibility and willingness to explore new approaches were essential to the success of this mission. F. K. , A. L. and G. H. acknowledge funding from the  Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales  and from the  French National Research Agency (ANR)  under contract number  ANR-18-CE31-0019  (SPlaSH). F. K. also acknowledges support from the  Université Paris Sciences et Lettres  under the  DIM-ACAV program  Origines et conditions d'apparition de la vie.
D. G. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the  CRT foundation  under Grant No. 2018. 2323"Gaseousor rocky?Unveiling the nature of small worlds". Y. A. and M. J. H. acknowledge the support of the  Swiss National Fund  under grant  200020_172746. We acknowledge support from the  Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation  and the  European Regional Development Fund  through grants  ESP2016 MDM-2017-0737  Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu-Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC) , as well as the support of the  Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA  programme. The MOC activities have been supported by the  ESA  contract No. 4000124370. S. C. C. B. acknowledges support from FCT through FCT contracts nr. IF/01312/2014/CP1215/CT0004. X. B. , S. C. , D. G. , M. F. and J. L. acknowledge their role as ESA-appointed CHEOPS science team members.
D. S. D. is supported in the form of work contract ( DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0004 ) funded by national funds through FCT. B. -O. D. acknowledges support from the  Swiss National Science Foundation  ( PP00P2-190080 ). This project has received funding from the  European Research Council (ERC)  under the European Union's  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme  (project  FOUR ACES. grant agreement No  724427 ). It has also been carried out in the frame of the  National Centre for Competence in Research PlanetS  supported by the  Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). D. E. acknowledges financial support from the  Swiss National Science Foundation  for project  200021_200726. M. F. and C. M. P. gratefully acknowledge the support of the  Swedish National Space Agency  ( DNR 65/19 ,  174/18 ).
M. G. is an F. R. S. -FNRS Senior Research Associate. S. H. gratefully acknowledges CNES funding through the grant  837319. K. G. I. is the  ESA   CHEOPS  Project Scientist and is responsible for the  ESA CHEOPS Guest Observers Programme. She does not participate in, or contribute to, the definition of the  Guaranteed Time Programme  of the CHEOPS mission through which observations described in this paper have been taken, nor to any aspect of target selection for the programme. This work was granted access to the HPC resources of MesoPSL financed by the  Region Ile de France  and the project  Equip@Meso  (reference  ANR-10-EQPX-29-01 ) of the programme Investissements d'Avenir supervised by the  Agence Nationale pour la Recherche. M. L. acknowledges support of the  Swiss National Science Foundation  under grant number  PCEFP2_194576.
P. M. acknowledges support from  STFC  research grant number  ST/M001040/1. L. B. , G. B. , V. N. , I. P. , G. P. , R. R. , G. S. , V. S. , and T. Z. acknowledge support from  CHEOPS ASI-INAF  agreement n. 2019-29-HH. 0. This work was also partially supported by a grant from the  Simons Foundation (PI Queloz , grant number  327127 ). I. R. I. acknowledges support from the  Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation  and the  European Regional Development Fund  through grant  PGC2018-098153-B-C33 , as well as the support of the  Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA  programme. N. A. W. acknowledges  UKSA  grant  ST/R004838/1.
We investigated the clinical outcomes and the CAR-T cell expansion and phenotype in the peripheral blood and CSF within 21 patients with CD19 + -R/R CNSL. Patients with isolated R/R CD19 + -PCNSL or SCNSL and treated with tisagenlecleucel (n=19) or axicabtagene ciloleucel (n = 2) from January 2020 to January 2022 at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (France) were retrospectively selected. The disease response was assessed at D28 by brain MRI and then every 2 months. Clinical results of 8 PCNSL patients were previously reported with shorter follow-up and without any biological data  4. All patients gave written informed consent, the study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by national (CNIL 913611) and local (CPP Ile-De-France PP 13-022) ethics committees.
9, 10 2] [13]  In preclinical studies, ibrutinib was shown to inhibit BL tumor cell growth and enhance survival in BL xenografted mice  14  and diminish DLBCL tumor cell growth. 15 Combining ibrutinib with RICE or RVICI (RICE/RVICI) was considered to provide potential advantages for patients with pediatric B-NHL because of nonoverlapping mechanisms of action and toxicity profiles. A phase 1 study demonstrated safety and preliminary efficacy in adults with R/R DLBCL when ibrutinib was combined with RICE before autologous transplantation. 16 ven the unmet clinical need in this population and preclinical data in BL, SPARKLE (NCT02703272), a 2-part, open-label, randomized, controlled phase 3 trial, was initiated to compare ibrutinib plus RICE/RVICI vs RICE/RVICI alone in children and young adults with R/R mature B-NHL.
Procedures The primary endpoint was EFS, based on independent review committee (IRC)-confirmed events, defined as time from randomization to death, progressive disease, or lack of complete response (CR) or PR after 3 ibrutinib treatment cycles in combination with RICE/RVICI background therapy or RICE/RVICI background therapy alone. Secondary endpoints included OS, overall response rate (ORR), tumor volume reduction at day 14, time to response, duration of response, proportion of patients who proceeded to stem cell transplantation, and long-term survival. Sensitivity, subgroup, and post-hoc EFS analyses are described in the data supplement. Treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) severity in the safety population was assessed using the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.
Discussion Part 2 of SPARKLE investigated the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ibrutinib plus RICE/RVICI vs RICE/RVICI alone. Despite terminating enrollment early, our study reports efficacy data from the only international randomized study of pediatric patients with R/R B-NHL undergoing reinduction therapy. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were largely comparable between treatment arms, with some exceptions. These include the numerically higher proportion of patients in the ibrutinib plus RICE/RVICI arm who had previously relapsed on rituximab compared with the RICE/RVICI arm. There were also 2 patients included in the ibrutinib plus RICE/RVICI arm who had experienced a second relapse. As progression during initial therapy is associated with poor outcomes,  9  the inclusion of these patients may have limited the efficacy seen in the ibrutinib plus RICE/RVICI arm.
Patients who had events with missing toxicity grades were counted in the "all grades" column but not summarized separately. TEAEs were coded using MedDRA Version 23. 1. Verbatim terms are displayed for any TEAEs not coded at the time of the database cutoff. MedDRA, Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities; SOC, system, order, class. *Based on all patients who received at least 1 dose of study treatment. †SOC term. reported in other studies (43% to 70%). 10, 22, 23 These same studies had higher proportions of patients with Burkitt-type lymphomas vs DLBCL,  22, 23  whereas our study appears to have a numerically higher proportion of patients with DLBCL/PMBCL than with BL types. Among these other studies, only 1 (Griffin et al)  10  cites the response criteria (Response Criteria for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas, 1999)  24  used at the time.
From a functional point of view, the ceRNA network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA predicted by the online databases, combining gene set enrichment analysis and cell component prediction, disclosed that the identified circRNAs draped all the faces of primary TAAD pathology, centralized with increasing inflammatory factors and cells, and ECM destruction and loss of vascular inherent cells along with the circRNAs. Importantly, investigators validated the high concentration and diagnostic capability of the 4 key circRNAs in the peripheral serum in TAAD patients. It might be speculated that viral infection leads to the release of the proinflammatory IL-32 (137) because high levels of IL-32 were found in the serum of patients with active HCMV infection compared to control healthy individuals. Although HCMV can induce IL-3 secretion during early infection of MRC-5 cells, it has been observed that during prolonged infection IL-32 transcript as well as protein levels were decreased with increasing miR-UL112-1 expression (134).
A major theme is the observation and interpretation of spectral continuum slope changes on Bennu in the context of space weathering. We first set the context for the observations of Bennu by briefly reviewing what was known about space weathering of low-albedo materials from telescopic surveys and laboratory simulations prior to the OSIRIS-REx encounter. We then look at the evidence for the nature of space weathering on Bennu from spacecraft imaging and spectroscopy observations (including the visible to near-infrared and thermal infrared wavelengths), as well as normal albedo measurements from LIDAR scans. Because the LIDAR data are obtained with an active light source, they are excellent probes of globalscale albedo patterns as demonstrated by  Hemingway et al. (2015). We synthesize these different lines of evidence in an effort to distinguish a general model of space weathering processes and effects on dark C-complex asteroids.
(  2009 ) find a latitude dependence in the impactor populations at the Earth and Moon indicating impact shadows at the poles of each object, and Bottke et al. (  2020 ) also suggest a latitude dependence in impactor flux on Bennu. We suggest space weathering as the most likely explanation because crater counting evidence indicates that the equatorial surface is the oldest surface on Bennu  (Bierhaus et al. , 2022) , making large-scale turnover of the regolith by large impacts unlikely. Fig. 6 (a) (right) shows a peak in albedo along the equator, while 6(a) (left) shows a peak in albedo at +35°latitude. It is possible that the Fig. 6 (a) (right) panel is showing that our observation methods are biased by the fact that the OVIRS data of Bennu that have low incidence and emission angles were obtained along the equator, causing the global average model to indicate that the equator is brighter, when in fact it is not.
Acknowledgments We are grateful to the entire OSIRIS-REx and  Hayabusa2 Teams  for making the encounters with Bennu and Ryugu possible. This material is based upon work supported by  NASA ,  United States  under Contract  NNM10AA11C  issued through the  New Frontiers Program  and by  JAXA, Japan  funding for Hayabusa2. French co-authors thank  CNES, France  for financial support. OLA and funding for Canadian authors was provided by the  Canadian Space Agency, Canada. This manuscript benefited from excellent editing by  Cat Wolner , and thorough reviews by two anonymous reviewers.
Analysis of Microfinance Diffusion in Indian Villages We used the methods described above to estimate exposure effects in the adoption of microfinance loans in a collection of villages in Karnataka, India  12  based on information for 49,707 individuals located in 49 villages. In our approach, we consider each village as its own network and we assume the villages to be independent of one another. Six months before a microfinance institution entered the villages and began offering microfinance loans to villagers, investigators used surveys to collect detailed social network data about social, familial and economic ties. The microfinance institution began by inviting "leaders" (e. g. , teachers and shopkeepers) to informational meetings and asked them to spread information about the loans to villagers.
The leaders constituted 14. 7% of the total population. Data was also collected on participation in savings self-help groups. Household membership and sociodemographic information, such as age and sex, was collected for 12,122 individuals. The outcome of interest, both in the original study and in our re-analyses of data, is household participation in the microfinance program by the end of the study. We describe two exposures as follows: a village (network) experiences Exposure 1, high proportion of leaders, if the fraction of its households containing leaders is in the top quartile compared to all other villages; a village experiences Exposure 2, high proportion of savers, if the fraction of its households that participate in the savings self-help groups is in the top quartile compared to all other villages.
Covariate Selection The covariates selected in a stepwise procedure for inclusion in the outcome model vary across the different simulated datasets. To assess which covariates are most useful for adjustment in the outcome model, we measure the frequency of covariate inclusion and its variability by simulation scenario (see Figure  2 ). Degree (X (1) ) and covariates related to contagion at baseline (covariates X  (9)  -X  (12)  ) are included most often; others are selected in a range of frequencies. The outcomes models for the two exposure groups are similar.
Comparison to Microfinance Study Analysis As mentioned above, we set up the simulation study so that one of the settings closely matched the characteristics observed in the microfinance study. In that dataset, the average degree of participants is high (k = 16. 0, averaged across all villages), and the degree distribution is not strongly right skewed; further details are provided in Section 5 of supplementary material. Mean degree assortativity is positive and moderately strong (0. 346). Leaders were encouraged to inform all individuals they knew about the microfinance loan program, which would be expected to induce degree affectivity. Finally, individuals who both were leaders and participated in the microfinance program total 3. 1% of the study population, suggesting a low exposure at baseline.
Exclusions criteria were other forms of dementias, as well as other forms of frontotemporal dementias such as primary progressive aphasia. The sample also included 15 control participants (10 men and 5 women, M age = 66. 27 years, SD = 6. 65, M years of formal education = 10. 56, SD = 4. 82). Patients with bvFTD (M years since diagnosis = 2. 11, SD = 1. 05) were mainly referred by general practitioners and neurologists in the Nantes Memory Center. We recruited the control participants from local community. They were free of any neurological/psychiatric disorder. Control participants were matched with patients with bvFTD according to age [t (26) =. 15, P =. 88], sex [X 2 (1, N = 28) =. 08, P =. 78] and educational level [t (26) =. 14, P =. 89]. The study was registered in Clinical Trials under the number NCT05642351 and was conducted in according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
These aspects might include roles and traits (i. e. , psychological or physical). A time limit of 1 minute was used and the duration was made explicit from the outset so participants could plan accordingly. We coded data regarding the 3 categories: physical, social, and psychological self. In line with the procedures of Rathbone, Conway and Moulin,  [27]  we defined physical statements as those describing attributes related to appearance (e. g. , old, tall, fat…). We defined social statements as those describing social attributes or roles (e. g. , grandmother, retired, volunteering). We defined psychological statements as those describing personality traits (e. g. , honest, kind, friendly), or emotional states (e. g. , anxious, happy, sad). In line with the recommendations of Rhee, Uleman, Lee, and Roman,  [28]  were analyzed statements describing 2 self-components in terms of the basic unit.
(4) outcomes: utility and, where reported, risks of diagnostic tests. (5)  studies were in English. We excluded abstracts, theses, book chapters, review articles, and opinion articles, but searched the reference lists of reviews for primary sources. The original search was done on June 15, 2022, and was updated to December 2 nd , 2022. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration: CRD42022276337). Studies retrieved using the search strategy were entered into Rayyan software (https://www. rayyan. ai/). All titles and abstracts were assessed by two reviewers against the inclusion criteria. Conflicts were settled by a third reviewer. Reviewers read the entire paper if the title and abstract didn't provide enough information. The references were examined for additional sources. The primary data collected included study design, characteristics of study participants (where reported), description of the diagnostic method, test characteristics, and an evaluation of diagnostic utility.