dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
'inventaire extraites de bases de données sont ainsi imprimées et inclues aux archives. Ontrouve également une bibliographie et quelques ouvrages portant sur des musées et l'histoire des collections, l'histoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, des missions scientifiques et des missionnaires y ayant séjourné. À ce jour, la base de données IPKD réalisée sur le logiciel de gestion de collections Micromusée, qui est également celui utilisé au MNC et au CCT, est uniquement accessible depuis le serveur interne du CCT. Sa mise en ligne est évoquée et intègre la poursuite du projet. Depuis 1998, une partie des archives de l'ADCK-CCT est quant à elle disponible au format numérique. Celles concernant la case Bwenaado sont ainsi partagées, parfois en doublon, entre classeurs et dossiers sous format papier et au format numérique.
49 semblent avoir servi de base pour effectuer un repérage des objets à une époque où les bases de données en ligne des collections muséales étaient encore rares. Comme nous l'avons évoqué avec le passage aux archives numériques, l'évolution technologique est rendue manifeste par la consultation des fonds. Outre un Archives délaissées, archives retrouvées, archives explorées : les fonds calé. Les Cahiers de l'École du Louvre, 14 | 2019 renouvellement des moyens de sauvegarde et de conservation des archives, le développement de l'usage des ordinateurs et d'internet a eu un grand impact sur les possibilités de communication et leur rapidité. L'organisation des premiers dépôts d'oeuvres pour le CCT est soumise à certaines difficultés occasionnées par la distance géographique entre Nouméa et l'Europe.
Depuis juillet 2018, la case Bwenaado expose un ensemble de sept appliques de case contemporaines conservées par le CCT et le Fonds d'Art Contemporain Kanak et Océanien (FACKO). Elles constituent un nouveau point d'entrée historique, marquant le renouveau de la sculpture kanak à partir des années Archives délaissées, archives retrouvées, archives explorées : les fonds calé. Les Cahiers de l'École du Louvre, 14 | 2019 1980, grâce aux efforts de l'OCSTC. La mission de l'IPKD s'achève quant à elle en juillet 2015, après avoir identifié 20 000 objets kanak à travers le monde, eu accès à 10 000 d'entre eux, mis en fiches 5 013 objets et 16 000 documents en lien, répertoriés 919 collecteurs et collectionneurs, réalisés 35 000 photographies 55. Depuis, la base de données et sa gestion sont confiées à Marianne Tissandier, qui poursuit le travail de création de notices d'objets.
Les scénarios culturels sont des « prescriptions d'ordre culturel indiquant aux individus comment ils doivent se comporter sexuellement »  (Gagnon, 1999 : 74). Les auteurs mettent ainsi en évidence que la représentation de la sexualité explicite contient toute sorte de signes permettant d'imaginer telles activités sexuelles avec certains types de personnes. Ceci est visible à travers l'analyse statistique des informations déclaratives. À partir de ces informations, nous avons constitué une base de données portant sur 5887 fiches de profil et opéré des tris croisés qui montrent l'influence des caractéristiques corporelles renseignées sur les pratiques sexuelles performées dans la rencontre en face à face. S'agissant de comprendre l'influence des marqueurs corporels, nous notons que les éléments à même d'avoir une répercussion statistique sur les positions sexuelles adoptées durant l'échange économico-sexuel sont avant tout la couleur de peau, la corpulence et la taille du pénis.
2(a) ) or a dichroic mirror (Fig. 2(b) ). In Fig. 2 (b), the bulk glass based conversion device comprises a 900 nm long-pass dichroic mirror, separating the Er 3+ pump laser from the 808 nm converted signal. A short focal length half ball sapphire lens is used for both the injection of the pump and the collimation of the converted signal, which is then coupled into a 600 µm diameter core silica fiber using visible AR coated lenses. After what, the 808 nm converted signal is further isolated using a narrow bandpass filter (Spectrogon BP-808-026nm), and then detected using a Hamamatsu R3896 photomultiplier tube. Output electric signals are then passed through a low noise amplifier (Femto DLPCA-200) and a lock-in amplifier (Stanford Research SR830) connected to a computer via its GPIB link. A dedicated LabVIEW software was developed to monitor the sensor key parameters.
Using a fixed IR probe input, the converted signal to noise ratio was recorded for different pumping powers at 980nm. At the same time, the Ip and Ic values were recorded, so as to simultaneously measure the Ic/Ip ratio. These data enable to plot the conversion signal to noise ratio as a function of the Ic/Ip ratio (Fig. 6 ). The SNR is proportional to the sensor sensitivity, and Fig. 6  shows its trend with respect to the Ic / Ip ratio. For a given IR probe input, a converter optimum pumping power exists. Basically, a high pumping power leads to a higher Er 3+ 4 I11/2 population, and thus to a higher converted intensity through the 4 I11/2 → 4 I9/2 ESA. But, as demonstrated in ref. 7 , Ip exhibits a square dependence with the pumping power, while Ic has a linear dependence as shown in Eq.
MgAl 2 O 4 (a = 8. 09 Å) imposes a maximum in-plane compressive strain on CFO (a b = 8. 355 Å) of ≈3. 3%. X-ray RSM show that the in-plane lattice parameter is slightly lower in the PLD than in the PAD films [Fig. 1(c) ] indicating a better matching to the substrate. However, it is also evident that there is an additional contribution at lower Qx (larger in-plane lattice parameter; see Figs. S1  and S2 ), showing the presence of a partially relaxed portion of the film. This was further corroborated by the analysis of highangle annular dark-field (HAADF)-scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data (see below). Consistent with an average larger in-plane compression, the c-axis elongation is also larger in PLD films with respect to PAD [Fig. 1(d)], as expected from an elastic deformation of the crystalline unit cell.
Additional structural, microstructural, and magnetic details are provided in the supplementary material. Details of the calculations are also included. This work has received financial support from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) under Project No. MAT2016-80762-R and MAT2017-82970-C2-R, Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2016-2019, No. ED431G/09), the European Union (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF), and the European Commission through the Horizon H2020 funding by H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016-Project No. 734187-SPICOLOST. The microscopy studies have been conducted in the Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA) at Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA)-Universidad de Zaragoza. Authors acknowledge the LMA-INA for offering access to their instruments and expertise.
Some studies use a simple power rate law  [10] [11] [12]. However, more rigorous models result from reaction mechanism considerations and follow the Hougen Watson formalism. A recent review introduced exhaustively the CO and CO2 methanation kinetics  [6]. Xu and Froment  [13]  proposed three reaction rates on a 15. 2 wt. % Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst, derived from methane steam reforming, CO2 methanation and reverse water gas shift experiments. Experimentally, the fixed-bed reactor was operated in integral mode (reaction rates cannot be considered as constant along the catalyst bed) with 400. 0 mg of commercial catalyst diluted with -alumina. The data used for the kinetic study were recorded after 70 h on stream to stabilize its activity. The conditions of the experiments were 573 to 673 K, 300 to 1000 kPa and 6 to 30 ml (STP) min -1.
To reduce the partial pressure variation alongside the catalytic bed and thus to be able to consider inlet partial pressure in the calculation, relatively high partial pressures of products were used at the reactor inlet in order to obtain > -?+@A0B CDE*0 ≫ > -?+@A0B G? 3*+. Existing models from the literature were evaluated against the experimental results. They were adapted to better fit the experimental data. Finally, a first estimation of the kinetic and adsorption parameters of the three reactions were determined. In the second set of experiments, the parameters were adjusted in order to fit experimental data at higher conversion rate. Experimentally, catalyst mass and total reactive flow rate were varied in order to reproduce the conversion rate range of an isothermal plug flow reactor.
The acquisition depth was optimized to obtain the highest Raman signal  [48] [49] [50] [51] [52]  and using the spectral autofocus function in Labspec 6 ©. The acquisition time on a given sample was typically between 20 and 60 s and 6 scans were accumulated. At least 4 spectra were acquired for each sample in order to determine if the glass sample is homogeneous. The Raman spectra were treated (i. e. background subtraction) using the Labspec 6 © software package. The spectra are background subtracted using a third-order polynomial function anchored in no-band areas: ~200, 850, 1200 and 1600 cm -1. Raman spectra were acquired at room temperature and no correction for the dependence of the scattered intensity on temperature and frequency  [59]. 2. 4 11  The 11 B spectra were processed prior to spectral decompositions.
Quantification of mol. % B2O3 using Raman spectroscopy We plotted in Figure  5  the mol. % B2O3 determined by ICP OES (except for ISGV, BFS, LJ2b Al and LJ4b Al free for which SEM EDS values were only available) and by NMR spectroscopy as a function of the AB-O -/AHF ratio determined using the Raman spectra. We can observe that the total mol. % B2O3 determined from either methods is correlated to the AB-O -/AHF ratio. The evolution of the AB-O -/AHF ratio is non-linear with respect to the mol. % B2O3. The same nonlinear evolution was also identified as a function of R and K ratios (not shown here). In Figure  5 , we used a power function to fit the data and relate the AB-O -/AHF with the mol. % B2O3. Previous calibrations using Raman spectroscopy  [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]  mostly reported linear evolution for the Raman signal intensity as a function of the bulk measured parameter; which is inherent to the proportional nature of the Raman signal with the quantity of excited molecules.
% B2O3 using Raman spectroscopy. The empirical power function we have derived relates the mol. % B2O3 determined by ICP OES, SEM EDS and 11 B NMR to the Raman AB-O -/AHF ratio, such as: 366. 1 3 2. % 0052. 0 O B mol AHF O AB × = -- Eq. 1 Although, the reported error on each parameter is relatively large (0. 0052±0. 0017 and 1. 366±0. 093), the Raman AB-O -/AHF ratio is well reproduced (r 2 = 0. 940) using the measured mol. % B2O3. The deviation between the measured and calculated AB-O -/AHF can be quite large (see Table  2 ); For instance, there are several glasses for which the mol. % B2O3 is not correctly reproduced: BASN3, BASN4 or even ISG. For these samples, the derived power function is probably not adequate. Considering the whole dataset, on average the deviation is ~14% between the measured and the calculated value.
Acknowledgement The authors are grateful to the  Région Pays de Loire  which financed the current work through the  Pari Scientifique  " CIPress " project. We thank  Abdelouas Abdesselam  from  Subatech  for providing the ISG glass. The authors would like to thank  Nicolas Stéphant  for assistance with the use of the SEM EDS at the  IMN Jean Rouxel. The authors thank the  University of Nantes  and the  CNRS  for their access to analytical facilities.
Acknowledgements We are grateful for  Voxcan (Marcy l'Etoile, France)  for their collaboration for distribution and excretion study on Wistar rats. We also warmly thank the  Jai Research Foundation (Gujarat, India)  for the acute toxicity study. This work was supported in part by  CHROMALYS, INSERM  and grants from the  "RégionOccitanie" ("NANOTRACK" and "MULTIMAGE ").
The crystallite average size was calculated using the Scherrer equation. H2-TPR and CO-TPR measurements were performed on Micrometrics AutoChemⅡ 2920 instrument. Ex-situ and in-situ Fe K-edge and Bi L3-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra were measured at Beamline XDS, Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS, Campinas, Brazil) with electron beam energy of 5-30 KeV. The data were collected in the transmission mode, Si (111) and Si (311) monochromators. The data were analyzed with the Athena software. The synchrotron XPS was also measured in LNLS at the SXS beamline. The spectra were collected using an InSb (111) double crystal monochromator at the fixed photon energy of 1840 eV. The hemispherical electron analyzer (Physical Electronics model 10-360) was set at a pass energy of 23.
The ICP ExpertTM software (version 2. 0. 4) provided the metal concentrations in the samples allowing estimation of the weight percentage of components. The H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and CO-temperature programmed reduction (CO-TPR) experiments were carried out using the AutoChem II 2920 apparatus (Micromeritics) using 0. 05 g of the sample in a flow of H2/Ar (5 vol. % H2) or CO/Ar (5 vol. % CO) stream (30 ml/min). The temperature was increased from room temperature to 900 °C at the rate of 10 °C/min. The TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) analyses were carried out on a double corrected Cold FEG ARM Jeol 200 (field emission gun) microscope operated at 200 kV. High quality analytical explorations were carried out using the 100 mm Centurio detector for the energy dispersive X rays (EDX) equipping this TEM.
Bulk FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and Fe foil have been used as references (Figure  S1 , SM). All iron oxides (except for FeO) show a pre-edge feature at 7113 keV. This pre-edge feature is assigned to the 1s → 3d electron transition  [32]. The six examined CNT supported iron-based catalysts show almost identical shape of the K-edge (Figure  1b ). The shape of the K-edge indicates coexistence of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the catalysts pretreated in nitrogen. The fractions of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 calculated from the XANES interpolation procedure (ATHENA software) using the spectra of reference iron oxides are shown in Table  2. A slightly higher concentration of Fe3O4 was observed, when iron nanoparticles are encapsulated inside carbon nanotubes in FeBi/CNT-in. Figure  2  displays the TEM micrographs of the fresh non-confined and confined iron CNT supported catalysts.
Acknowledgements The authors thank  Olivier Gardoll ,  Laurence Burylo ,  Pardis Simon  and  Martine Frère  for help with TPR, XRD and XPS measurements. B. G. thanks the  China Scholarship Council  for providing him a stipend for PhD studies in France. Chevreul Institute  ( FR 2638 ),  Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, Hauts-de-France Region  and  FEDER  are acknowledged for supporting and funding partially this work. The  Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS, Campinas, Brazil)  is acknowledged for using the beamtime. The authors acknowledge financial support of the  French National Research Agency  ( NANO4-FUT, Ref. ANR-16-CE06-0013 ) and from  European Union  ( Interreg V project PSYCHE ). GENESIS is supported by the  Région Haute-Normandie , the  Métropole Rouen Normandie , the  CNRS via LABEX EMC  and the  French National Research Agency  as a part of the program " Investissements d'avenir " with the reference  ANR-11-EQPX-0020.
Nanoparticule de gadolinium AGuIX Le gadolinium (Z=64), métal appartenant aux terres rares, est déjà bien connu en application médicale sous la forme de chélate pour son utilisation en tant qu'agent de contraste IRM. Les nanoparticules actuellement utilisées en clinique sont les AGuIX : pour « Activated Guided Irradiation by X-ray » produites par la société NH Theraguix SA (Grenoble, France). Il s'agit de petites nanoparticules < 5 nm injectées par voie veineuse avant l'irradiation. L'AGuIX est un médicament à vocation « théranostique » (néologisme issu de la contraction de thérapeutique et diagnostique) avec des propriétés thérapeutiques comme agent radiosensibilisant mais aussi comme agent de contraste IRM. [32]. La première étude de phase 1 portant sur le traitement des métastases cérébrales multiples est actuellement terminée (Nano-RAD: NCT02820454).
Il s'agissait d'une étude de première administration intra veineuse chez l'homme avec escalade de dose d'AGuIX (15, 30, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg) suivi d'une IRM à 2h puis de la première séance de radiothérapie à 4h (30 Gy en 10 fr)  [33]. Les résultats, qui seront publiés prochainement, sont encourageants en termes de tolérance et de ciblage tumoral (Fig. 1 ). L'étude de phase 2 multicentrique randomisée est en cours (Nano-RAD2: NCT03818386) avec la dose d'AGuiX de 100 mg/kg portant sur la même indication de métastases cérébrales multiples. D'autres essais sont prévus concernant différentes indications et modalités d'irradiations notamment dans le traitement du cancer du col de l'utérus avec un essai de phase 1 en cours d'inclusion (Nano-COL: NCT 03308604).
The injector microsyringe (320 µL), was loaded with stock solution of GA (1. 00% w/v GA (2. 50x10 -2 mM) in 1. 00% v/v acid acetic solution). 5 µL were sequentially injected 50 times each 300 s to the titration cell (volume = 965 µL) filled with CN solution (0. 02% w/v CN (6. 45x10 -4 mM) in 1. 00% v/v acid acetic solution). The polymers concentrations were chosen based on preliminary measurements to optimize concentrations in order to have complete titrations without signal saturation. For each measurement, the pH, the temperature and the acetic acid solvent were the same in the cell and in the syringe to limit the dilution effect. The heat of dilution from the blank titration was subtracted from the raw data in all experiments. Data acquisition was performed using the ITC Run software and data were analyzed with the NanoAnalyse software (TA instruments, Waters SAS, France).
Optical microscopy The mixtures were observed by optical microscopy (Olympus BH2, Japan) at x40 magnification. The images were recorded with a CMOS 5 MPixel camera (Olympus) under the control of ToupView software. The micrographs presented are representative of the samples. They were analyzed by using an image analysis software (ImageJ) in order to obtain the particles size and number. Polydispersity index of the sample was obtained using equation 4: = !" "# $! % &"' ( ) (Eq. 4).
Turbidimetric and Zeta potential measurements and optical microscopy upon molar ratio of gum Arabic and chitosan complex coacervation The influence of the GA/CN molar ratio on the coacervate formation was investigated (Figure  4 ). These experiments were performed at pH 5. 0 so the pH would be far enough from the pKa of both polymers, in order for them to be charged. For CN and GA mixtures, Zeta potential and turbidity were measured. When the two polymers solutions were mixed together the sample became turbid, which meant new objects were formed (Figure  4 ). Moreover, after 24 hours, two different phases appeared (data not shown). The upper phase was transparent, the phase below was turbid: it was a liquid/liquid associative phase separation (complex coacervation). It is known that coacervates are not stable and that they coalesce upon time.
This result was consistent with published data from other authors and with the ITC stoichiometry (Table  2  and Figure 2 ): at 25 °C pH 5. 0, the stoichiometry was 4. 0 ± 0. 9 and in the literature, in the same conditions, optimal molar ratios were in a range from 4 to 5 (Butstraen consistent with the ITC molar ratio at 25 °C, pH 5. 0 (4. 0 ± 0. 9). For molar ratios above 6:1 (  245 ± 59 coacervates in the optical field for 6:1), the coacervates size and number decreased and then disappeared (molar ratio 10:1). These results were consistent with the turbidity behavior of the mixtures and their macroscopic aspects (Figure  4  and Figure  5 ). For extreme ratios (1:1 and 10:1), due to low turbidity, no object was observed by optical microscopy. It was possible that complexes were formed at these ratios but that they were too small to be observed by optical microscopy.
Characterization techniques Thermogravemetric analyses (TGA) were performed with a TGA/DSC 1 LF 1100 STARS system from METTER TOLEDO. The samples were heated-up at 5°C/min under air flow (100 mL/min) from room temperature to 500°C. The XRD patterns were acquired with a PANalytical MPD X'Pert Pro diffractometer operating with Cu Kα radiation, λ = 0. 15406 nm at 40 mA and 45 kV with a scan rate of 2° min -1. The data were collected in the 5-60° 2θ range. The diffraction patterns were analyzed using the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS). CuO, ZnO, and CeO 2 crystallite size were calculated by means of the Scherrer equation: d =. ƛ * ( 1 ) where d is the diameter of the crystallite, ƛ the X-ray wave length, and is the width at half height (FWHM) of the peak. N 2 -adsorption isotherms of the samples were acquired at -196°C in a Micromeritics ASAP2420 apparatus.
Les deux derniers articles abordent l'efficience de conversion des ressources alimentaires par les animaux d'élevage et les impacts environnementaux des aliments. Laisse et al. (2018)  proposent un nouveau regard sur l'efficience alimentaire des productions animales en considérant dans le calcul de l'efficience de conversion uniquement la part des aliments consommés par les animaux qui aurait pu être directement consommée par l'Homme. Les calculs d'efficience nette de conversion des aliments présentés dans cet article montrent que tous les systèmes d'élevage peuvent produire plus de protéines consommables pour l'Homme qu'ils n'en consomment, à condition de maximiser dans les rations la part des végétaux non valorisables en alimentation humaine (fourrages, coproduits notamment). Enfin, à partir de la base de données développée dans le projet ECOALIM,  Wilfart et al.
Remerciements Je  remercie Brigitte Chamak pour m'avoir donné accès à ses archives sur le Groupe des Dix. Je remercie Henry Dicks et Bruno Villalba pour leur lecture attentive et leurs conseils. Je remercie de même les évaluateurs anonymes. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans un des volets du programme BIOCA  financé par le PSDR4 et la Région Grand Est.
Encadré. La plateforme GlobAgri et son application GlobAgri-AgT GlobAgri est une plateforme quantitative permettant de produire des bases de données cohérentes et des modèles de bilans ressources -utilisations de produits agricoles et agroalimentaires à partir de données FAOStat et de données complémentaires partagées par des scientifiques de plusieurs institutions. Les bases de données générées sont équilibrées et tiennent compte des liens entre produits (via l'alimentation animale ou les produits joints huiles-tourteaux d' oléagineux ou lait-viande par exemple). Les modèles de bilans équilibrent les ressources (production domestique plus importations moins exportations) d'une part, et les utilisations (consommation humaine, consommation animale et autres utilisations) d'autre part, pour chaque produit dans chaque région.
Ils permettent de simuler les changements d'usages des terres induits par des modifications des utilisations de produits dans les différentes régions, étant donné un ensemble d'hypothèses d' évolution des autres variables du système (rendements végétaux et animaux, contrainte de terres disponibles pour l'agriculture, contrainte de terres cultivables, conditions du commerce international…). L' outil GlobAgri a été utilisé pour générer une base de données et un modèle de bilans spécialement spécifiés pour Agrimonde-Terra : GlobAgri-AgT. GlobAgri-AgT comporte 33 agrégats de produits (26 agrégats de produits végétaux et 7 agrégats de produits animaux) et couvre 14 régions du monde. L' élevage y est représenté par 5 secteurs (lait, bovin viande, petits ruminants, porc et volaille) qui produisent 6 produits (lait, viande bovine, de petits ruminants, de porc, de volaille et oeufs).