dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
This mutual assistance encompasses preparation of plans and cooperation of search measures or emergency searches. Police and customs cooperation are also organised by EU law to continue surveillance or even a pursuit operation initiated by a member state across the border. Bilateral agreements can be signed to foster police cooperation in border regions. Exchange of information is also programmed to enforce effective controls of EU external borders. National and regional police authorities have access to European databases such as the SIS, sharing information on criminal matters and to coordinate investigation of crimes that no longer respect national borders. The cooperation is also organised between the 27 member states to guarantee common security beyond the Schengen Area. Member states out of the Schengen space may develop bilateral agreements with a Schengen member state and decide to foster police or customs cross-border cooperation.
Institute) et K. Roche (Université Bordeaux-Montaigne) (paléobotanistes) ; Ch. Papanikolopoulos (INSTAP, photographe) ; C. Lemoine (dessinatrice) ; et P. Saridaki (restauratrice). Partenariats institutionnels : La mission 2018 a bénéficié du soutien financier de l'EFA, de l'INSTAP, du programme ARC Crisis (UCLouvain), d'ARPAMED, du FNRS, du Cyprus Institute, de la bourse Andrée et Paul Faure et des universités de Lorraine, Bordeaux-Montaigne, Stanford, North Carolina, Cardiff et Heidelberg. Établissements porteurs de l'opération : EFA Remerciements : Nous exprimons toute notre gratitude à Chrysoula Sofianou, responsable de l'Éphorie des Antiquités du Lasithi, et à Dimitra Mamaka, sa représentante sur le terrain, pour leur précieuse collaboration. Nous remercions chaleureusement les habitants de Vrachasi pour leur accueil, ainsi que J.
Die experimentellen und klinischen Hinweise für unspezifische Effekte der BCG-Impfung auf das Immunsystem führten dazu, dass größere Placebo-kontrollierte Studien an Mitarbeitern im Gesundheitssystem, die einem erhöhten Infektionsrisiko ausgesetzt sind, in den Niederlanden, Australien und Südafrika begonnen wurden (www. clinicaltrials. gov). Diese sollen innerhalb eines Jahres Antworten zu den Fragen generieren, ob die BCG-Impfung einen Einfluss auf die Häufigkeit von COVID-19 oder den Krankheitsverlauf hat. Weitere Studien wurden in verschiedenen anderen Ländern angemeldet (www. clinicaltrials. gov). Auch eine Phase-III-Studie mit einer am Max-Planck-Institut für Infektionsbiologie in Berlin entwickelten ge-netisch modifizierten Variante des BCG-Impfstoffs (VPM1002) wird an verschiedenen deutschen Kliniken getestet.
Acknowledgements This study was part of a research project financed by the  Polish National Science Centre  (grant  NCN 2011/01/M/ NZ8/03344  and  2018/29/B/NZ8/02312 ) and  Syndicat Mixte des Grandes Fougères  (New Caledonia). The Province Sud (New Caledonia) issued all permits ( 358-2010 ,  2017-2011 ,  2425-2012 ,  1142-2013 ,  60-2015 ,  1345-2017 ,  3469-2018 ). We thank  A. Gadomska  for the initial idea to do this study,  A. Lorenzo  for giving us the opportunity to obtain blood samples of Kagu from the  Parc Zoologique et Forestier  and  M. Bonzon ,  I. Lach  and  O. Lallemand  for taking blood samples of captive Kagu.
(…) Nel quadro dell'Italia centrale, il guelfismo caratterizza senz'altro la politica estera delle città fedeli, nella lunga durata, ad un sistema di alleanza dominato della Chiesa, da Firenze e/o dalla monarchia angioina, e possiamo anche etichettare come guelfo il personale politico che gode della fiducia dell'una o dell'altra di queste tre entità -meglio ancora se riceve incarichi ufficiali da parte di esse». 3 Nel nostro caso si tratta di Jean XXII, Lettres communes e Jean XXII, Lettres secrètes et curiales relatives á la France -entrambi i corpora consultati grazie al database Ut per litteras apostolicas ospitato su <apps. brepolis. net/litpa/Pontificates. aspx>. va dal primo gennaio 1316 fino al 31 dicembre 1321, pur limitandosi alle sole lettere emesse da Giovanni XXII, ci si trova a considerare ben 16272 lettere, delle quali 237 menzionano Firenze (Florenti*).
Canto XXIX Teseo e Piritoo si dolgono della loro prigionia (1-10). [Qui il poema s'interrompe]. Le fonti di questa terza parte sono l'Eneide di Virgilio, specialmente il VI libro dedicato alla catabasi di Enea, e il V libro delle Metamorfosi di Ovidio, in cui si descrive il mito di Cerere e Proserpina. Rimane tuttavia misteriosa la fonte dell'unione del mito di Cerere con quello degli eroi Piritoo, Teseo ed Ercole: difatti, nel V libro delle Metamorfosi (509-513), per riottenere la figlia, Cerere non chiede aiuto agli eroi, né si reca personalmente agli Inferi, bensì, col suo carro, va nei cieli per chiedere aiuto a Giove. L'episodio, quindi, potrebbe essere frutto di un'invenzione di Sinibaldo, che ha operato sovrapponendo i due miti infernali. Una soluzione originale, data la fedeltà alle fonti riscontrabile (o dichiarata) in numerosi passi del poema, che serviva a nobilitare l'intera opera.
Strumenti Per le ricerche testuali all'interno della produzione degli autori latini, mi sono avvalsa dei database Library of Latin Texts -Series A e Library of Latin Texts -Series B di Brepols Publishers, accessibili al link: https://about. brepolis. net/databases/latin/library-of-latin-texts/. Per le ricerche testuali all'interno della produzione degli autori medievali, mi sono avvalsa della biblioteca digitale Biblioteca Italiana della Sapienza Università di Roma, accessibile al link: http://www. bibliotecaitaliana. it/. Per le ricerche sulle biografie di editori, dedicatari, stampatori e tipografi delle edizioni delle Tragoediae di Seneca del Quattrocento e Cinquecento, mi sono avvalsa del World Biographical Information System Online (WBIS), disponibile al link: https://wbis. degruyter.
Significativamente una delle fonti di ispirazione di Garfield era lo Shepard's Citations, l'indice citazionale usato dai giuristi statunitensi per avere una prima guida sullo stato di un precedente giurisprudenziale, cioè per capire se una data sentenza segua o si discosti da precedenti pronunce di altre corti  40. Tra gli snodi fondamentali dello sviluppo di questa idea vi fu l'individuazione della lista dei periodici scientifici fondamentali (core journals) per la creazione del database di citazioni: lo Science Citation Index (SCI)  41. L'ISI elaborò alcuni criteri per individuare questa lista di riviste, ma soprattutto coniò un nuovo indice che formalizzava il concetto di impact factor a cui Garfield aveva alluso già nel 1955. Garfield definisce l'Impact Factor (IF) come la misura della frequenza con la quale un «articolo medio» in una rivista è stato citato in un particolare anno o periodo  42.
Back to the Oral Tradition Through Skywriting at the Speed of Thought, 2003, http://cogprints. org/3021/; M. C. PieVatolo, Publishing without perishing. Are there such things as «research products»? In: «Aisa 1st annual conference Nostra res agitur: open science as a social question», 22-23 ottobre 2015, Pisa, http://archiviomarini. sp. unipi. it/644/ 75 a. BaCCini, Reader Comment, 10 giugno 2016, https://f1000research. com/ articles/4-196/v1 76 Cfr. s. haRnaD,.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analyses were performed using Minitab (version 18, Coventry CV3 2TE, UK), OriginPro (version 9. 6 Northampton, MA, USA), and MedCalc (19. 2. 6, MedCalc Software Ltd. , Ostend, Belgium) programs. Welch's two-tailed t-test was applied to compare the unequal variances, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used as a nonparametric alternate analysis to compare between the BPH and PCa groups. All analyses with p < 0. 05 were considered statistically significant. Normalized mRNA expression levels (CT target-CT housekeeping) and also presence/absence status were analyzed. In qRT-PCR experiments, statistical evaluations were performed with 2 -∆CT values  [26, 27]. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) with standard error and 95% confidence interval (CI), the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of the panel were assessed by the receiver operation curve (ROC) analysis.
Zoomed-in images of captured LNCaP and PNT2 cells (magnification 10×) showing details of the fluorescent features are provided in Figure  1d  and zoomed out the field of view in Figure  S2. Using the cell counting program built in the Image-Pro Premier software, the mean fluorescence intensity of each object was recorded after background exclusion. Objects with comparable fluorescence intensity were grouped to construct a normalized histogram, representing the average statistical distribution of the cells' fluorescence intensity in each sample. LNCaP and normal prostate PNT2 cells were found to have distinctly resolved PpIX fluorescence intensity peaks, with LNCaP displaying higher fluorescence intensity (Figure  1e ). The peak of the intensity profile in PNT2 closely matches the first intensity peak of the mixed cell suspension group, with the tailing peak of the mixed cell suspension group shifting toward higher fluorescence intensities.
Immunofluorescence and Histological Studies Heart tissues were embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT) (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France) under ice-cold 2-methylbutane. For CD68 staining, frozen sections (10 µm) were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, followed by permeabilization and blocking in PBS with 0. 02% FBS, 1% bovine serum albumin and 0. 3% Triton X-100 at RT. Sections were immunostained overnight with anti-CD68 (MCA1957GA) followed by secondary Alexa fluor antibodies (Molecular Probes, Invitrogen, Cergy-Pontoise, France). Images were acquired by confocal Microscope Zeiss LSM 780 and ZEN image analysis software (Zeiss, Marly le roi, France). Four representative assessment zones were established in relation to the infracted area: two peri-infarct zones, one zone in the middle of the infarct and a zone in the posterior segment of the interventricular septum representing a noninfarcted control area of the tissue slice.
Quantification of the total number of CD68-positive cells per field of view was performed by counting the total number of positive cells in each field using the ImageJ software. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed on 10 µm heart cryosections using Sirius Red staining aspreviously described  [44]. Additionally, fluorescent wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining was performed according to  [45]. Briefly, cardiac sections were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min and stained with WGA Sigma Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France solution for 1 h at room temperature in darkness, washed with PBS three times and coverslipped with an antifading mounting medium. The extent of cardiac fibrosis was quantified using ImageJ software (Bio-Rad Services, Marnes la Coquette, France).
148 Another important consideration is that biobetters may not show clinical improvements versus the RP in all indications; linked to this is the lack of indication extrapolation possible for biobetters, while this is a possibility for biosimilars. 30 This uncertainty should be considered during development of any biobetter candidate, as differences in benefit between indications could impact the potential market for the biobetter. Developers have a key role in supporting stakeholders to promote confidence in the uptake of innovative biologics. Proper management of supply chains to avoid product shortages will be crucial to build trust in these medicines, with the importance of reliable supply chains previously discussed for biosimilars. 156 Pharmaceutical companies must construct clinical databases to capture outcomes and long-term drug performance beyond the information required for regulatory approval, as discussed for biosimilars,  157  and in line with pharmacovigilance requirements that regulatory authorities may have.
Despite the perceived increased immunogenicity of the SC administration route, the dosing schedule evaluated to date for CT-P13 SC has elicited similar immunogenicity as CT-P13 IV treatment; high-zone tolerance provides one potential explanation for these observations. Experience with CT-P13 SC evaluation by the EMA and FDA has highlighted differences in their approaches to assessing this type of innovative biologic. The FDA has perceived CT-P13 SC as a new drug, requiring pivotal clinical trials in each indication, while the EMA required a "hybrid" dataset including clinical studies additional to those needed for the biosimilar approval pathway. The novel formulation and change in administration route of CT-P13 SC may provide potential benefits for patients in terms of PK profile and convenience versus CT-P13 IV.
Acknowledgments Medical writing support (including development of a draft outline and subsequent drafts in consultation with the authors, assembling tables and figures, collating author comments, copyediting, fact checking, and referencing) was provided by  Beatrice Tyrrell, DPhil at Aspire Scientific Limited (Bollington, UK)  and funded by  Celltrion Healthcare Co. , Ltd (Incheon, Republic of Korea). Sang-Wook Yoon, PhD  and  Dong-Hyeon Kim, PhD  from the Medical Communications team at  Celltrion Healthcare Co. , Ltd, provided suggestions for the initial concept of the article, and reviewed the article for scientific and medical accuracy. The authors had full editorial control of the article and provided final approval of all content.
of dry matter. Before sintering, the porogen was cleanly eliminated via a slow thermal treatment: 220 C for 20 h followed by 250 C for 4 h. Sintering took place at 1100 C for 3 h, the heating and cooling rate being 5 C/min. Stereolithography (3D): this method relies on the photosensitive properties of a slurry composed of 65 % wt. of dry matter and 35 % wt. of acrylic resin (Cryoberyl Software). The latter is a cocktail of photoinitiators, stabilizing and dispersing agents. Mixing took place in a planetary ball mill (Retsch) for 30 min at a 100 RPM. The digital version of the sample was designed thanks to the software Catia (Dassault Syst emes). Slicing and placement of the support structures were done through Workshop (Datatree3D). The data was then transferred to the printing software (Cryoceram, Cryoberyl Software) and apparatus (CryoCeram printer, Cryoberyl Software).
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the reference gene for normalization. Statistical analysis: Triplicate analyses were performed for all experiments and the results are expressed as the arithmetic means AE standard deviation. The statistical analysis was conducted using one way analysis of variance. Levels of p 0. 05 were considered to be statistically significant. The software used was GraphPad Prism 8. 0. 1. SEM pictures (Fig. 2 ) show the architectural structure of the macroporous samples after shaping and sintering. PS exhibited an open network of interconnected spherical pores whereas 3D presented interconnected diamond shaped pores and the presence of parallel grooves on its surface. The frozen sample, FC exhibited a series of parallel tubular ellipsoidal pores perpendicular to the freezing direction.
Acknowledgement This work was financially supported by the following entities: the  R egion Hauts-de-France, Valutec S. A, the JECS trust and the  COST action. The authors would like to acknowledge and thank  Pr. Francis CAMBIER  and  Dr. Dominique HAUTCOEUR  of the  Belgian Ceramic Research Centre  for their help. The authors would also like to acknowledge and thank  Mr. Vincent HORNEZ of Cryoceram  for the manufacturing of the 3D samples.
Dietary Intake Assessment All patients completed a 3-day non-weighed food diary (2 working days and 1 weekend day) as described previously (online supporting information in  [15] ). In short: Patients recorded amounts of foods and drinks in detail as well as dietary supplements (type, yes/no, infrequently). Portion size was assessed using household measures. The average of the 3-day diaries (without supplements) was calculated using the Dutch NEVO-online Food Composition Database  [21]  and Evry software  [22]  for energy (kcal) and 32 nutrients (Supplementary Table  S1 ). Additionally, all foods consumed were allocated to one of 38 food groups, based on the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS)  [23]  (see Supplementary Table  S1 ).
Data from the General Dutch Population The 3-day average habitual intake of foods and nutrients in EoE patients, stratified by age group and gender, was compared to reference intakes of males 18 to 69 years (n = 1114) and females 18 to 50 years (n = 763, according to the classification of the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS, 2007-2010))  [23]. The average dietary assessment in the DNFCS was based on two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls per subject, using the Dutch NEVO-online Food Consumption Database  [23]. Nutrient intakes from supplements were not assessed.
Food and nutrient intakes between the EoE patients and the general Dutch population were compared using Mann-Whitney U tests. These comparisons were made after the intakes of nutrients were corrected for energy intakes (consumption per 1000 kcal/day), because energy intake in men of 31-50 years differed significantly between the two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS Enterprise Guide v. 6. 1 and IBM SPSS Statistics v. 20. 0. p-Values of <0. 05 were considered statistically significant.
Discussion EoE is an emerging chronic disease, affecting individuals at any age with a predominance for Caucasian males under the age of 50  [31]. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the nutritional adequacy and overall diet quality of the habitual diets of adult patients with EoE, prior to any elimination diets other than self-imposed dietary measures, have been assessed by diet scores. In addition, this study is the first in which intake data of adult patients with EoE were compared to those of the general population. In a previous study, we were able to find a relationship between nutrition and the degree of inflammation and mucosal integrity in EoE patients, pointing towards a possible protective effect of a healthy diet consisting of more dietary fiber, fermented dairy and plant-based foods and less fat, animal foods and omega-6-rich oil  [15].
Purpose: The present systematic review aimed to identify prognostic values of blood-based biomarkers in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Material and Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in August 2020 according to the PRISMA statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared oncological outcomes in patients treated with NAC for UCB with and without pretreatment laboratory abnormalities. Results: Overall, ten studies, including 966 patients who underwent NAC, met our eligibility criteria. Six studies provided data on pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with contradicting results on its association with pathologic response (PR) and complete pathologic response (pCR); some studies reported a strong association between a high level of pretreatment NLR and worse survival outcomes.
Literature search This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement  [21]. This study's protocol was registered a priori on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; Registration ID CRD42020208413). The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in August 2020 to identify studies reporting on the prognostic value of blood-based biomarkers in patients treated with NAC for UCB. A comprehensive systematic literature search was independently performed by 2 authors. The keywords used in our search strategy included: (NAC OR neoadjuvant) AND (bladder OR urothelial) AND (cancer OR tumor OR malignancy OR carcinoma) AND (biomarker). The primary outcome of interest was oncological outcomes in patients treated with NAC for UCB.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria We included all non-randomized observational studies that reported on the prognostic value of blood-based biomarkers in UCB. The PICO in this study was the following: patients treated for UCB with pretreatment laboratory blood-based abnormalities. The intervention included NAC for UCB. The control group included those patients without pretreatment laboratory blood-based abnormalities. The outcome included any measure of association between oncological outcomes and the candidate biomarker, the diagnostic performance of the biomarker. We excluded reviews, letters, editorials, animal studies, study protocols, case reports, meeting abstracts, replies from authors, and articles not published in English. Furthermore, we excluded the studies that did not provide data regarding the oncological outcomes.
Data extraction Data extracted from each study were independently extracted by 2 independent reviewers. Extracted data included the following: first author's name, publication year, study design, demographics characteristics including age range, sample size, pathological T stage, follow-up duration, NAC regime, type of biomarkers, and conclusion. Subsequently, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of blood-based biomarkers associated with each outcome were retrieved.
Individual patient data of RCTs The search strategy and selection criteria reported in a previously published individual patient data meta-analysis  [11]  were used to select eligible trials. Individual patient data of three RCTs (RTOG 0214  [6, 7, 15] , Guangzhou 2005  [9]  and NVALT-11  [10] ) in which the impact of PCI in patients with stage III NSCLC was assessed, were analysed. Although the SWOG 8300 trial  [5, 16]  met the search strategy and selection criteria, it did not report BMFS and toxicity data and was therefore excluded. In the three included trials, stage III NSCLC patients were randomized between PCI and observation after standard treatment with curative intent (mainly combinations of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and/or surgery). The total delivered PCI dose was 30 Gy in 15 fractions in the RTOG 0214 trial  [6, 7, 15] , 30 Gy in 10 fractions in the Guangzhou 2005 trial  [9] , and either 36 Gy in 18 fractions, or 30 Gy in 10 or 12 fractions in the NVALT-11 trial  [10].
Outcomes Time to BM and BMFS were used to assess the impact of different PCI fractionation schedules on BM occurrence. Time to BM was defined as the time from randomization until the first occurrence of BM. BMFS was defined as the time from randomization until the first occurrence of BM or death from any cause. Toxicity was based on adverse events pre-specified in the individual patient data meta-analysis protocol (Supplementary Appendix), and included alopecia, erythema, pharyngitis, xerostomia and/or hyperpigmentation of scalp, pruritus of external auditory canals, nausea, vomiting, headache, lethargy/fatigue, somnolence, concentration dysfunction, memory dysfunction, radiation necrosis, accelerated atherosclerosis, ataxia and radiation-induced neoplasm. Per patient, the worst occurred pre-specified adverse event grade was categorized to no toxicity, low grade toxicity (grade 1 or 2) and high grade toxicity (grade 3).
Toxicity For the toxicity analyses adjusted for age, sex, performance status and histology, only the PCI arm from each trial was included (due to data availability). The risk of any grade toxicity was statistically significantly lower for patients who received PCI in 15 fractions compared to 10 fractions (OR 0. 41, 95% CI [0. 24-0. 68], p = 0. 001, number of events: 149/284). In addition, the risk of high grade (3) toxicity was also statistically significantly lower for patients who received PCI in 15 fractions (OR 0. 19, 95% CI [0. 05-0. 69], p = 0. 012, number of events: 15/284).