dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
However, using adverse drug reactions reported via VigiBase does not allow us to utilise this kind of paired data. Third, unusual reporting may have occurred because of the novelty of the vaccines. Indeed, study design may modify the reporting of adverse drug reactions  [15]. Open-label studies have been described to overestimate the risk of vascular adverse events by at least 50% in comparison to double blind randomised trials  [15]. Pharmacovigilance spontaneous reporting is different from clinical trials, but probably close to that of open-label studies for potential unusual estimation of thrombotic events that could be influenced by the novelty of the drug, media interest and/or conflicting results in the literature. All in all, our data represents a hypothesis-generating study suggesting that thrombotic events, including CVT, might occur in association with all three vaccines, but this hypothesis requires further investigation, including extensive clinical and biological studies.
The observed experimental rise of σ tot with energy has now been extended to much higher √ s at the Tevatron, Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and with cosmic rays  [6]. This behavior was understood in terms of Regge theory in which S-matrix elements for elastic scattering are based on the assumptions of Lorentz invariance, unitarity, and analyticity. In the high energy Regge limit, the scattering amplitude can be determined by singular- FIG. 1:  The TOTEM measured pp elastic cross sections as functions of |t| at 2. 76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV (full circles), and the extrapolation (discussed in the text) to 1. 96 TeV (empty circles). The lines show the double exponential fits to the data points (see text). ities in the complex angular momentum plane. The simplest examples, Regge poles, lead to terms of the form ηf (t)(s/s 0 ) α(t) , where t is the four-momentum transferred squared, η the "signature" with value ±1, and α(t) the "trajectory" of the particular Regge pole.
Statistical analysis of the influence of amount BPO and temperature in the cross-linking degree for samples The assessment of the results using fractional factorial design (FFD) implies that it is possible to estimate the main effects of the factors, but it is not possible to estimate their interactions  [38]. In fact, the interactions in this scheme are so-called confounded, and the main effects can only be analyzed by assuming that these interactions are ignored. Tables  4  and 5  show the variance analysis of the results, where cross-linking has been chosen as an experimen-    tal response (CLK02 corresponding to 2phr BPO and CLK04 to 4phr BPO). Results show that the type of devulcanization process is significant, the temperature factor is not and the amount of BPO factor is partially significant (with α equal to 0.
Figs. 6 and 7 67 show the contour plot of crosslinking degree for the samples 0 and 2 BPO and 0 and 4 BPO respectively. The regression model considering all factors for CLK02 is:CLK 02 = 6. 298 -1. 438 Devulcanization + 0. 198 Temp -0. 707 BPO.
Acknowledgements The authors thank the  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft  and the  Agence National pour la Recherche (Fluo ,  ANR-18-CE09-0039 ),  EUR  grant  NanoX  no. ANR-17-EURE-0009  in the framework of the "P g amm I m 'A ", h  Pa Saba  , h  C Na a Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)  and the  Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) of Toulouse.
Patients and methods The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of the placement of a lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) through the mesh (TTM) of duodenal stents. The secondary aims were to evaluate clinical outcomes and adverse events (AEs) related to the procedures. Results Data from 23 patients (11 F and 12 M; mean age: 69. 5 ± 11 years old) were collected. In 17 patients (73. 9 %) TTM LAMS placement was performed as first intention, while in six patients (26. 1 %) it was performed after a failed ERCP. Thirteen patients (56. 5 %) underwent the procedure due to advanced pancreatic head neoplasia. One technical failure was experienced (4. 3 %). The TTM LAMS placement led to a significant decrease in the serum levels of bilirubin, ALP, GGT, WBC and CRP. No cases of duodenal SEMS occlusion occurred and no other AEs were observed during the follow-up.
Patients and methods Data from patients who underwent LAMS placement TTM of a duodenal stent were retrospectively collected in seven referral centers. Inclusion criteria were: age > 18 years; malignant jaundice with a concomitant gastric outlet obstruction requiring duodenal SEMS placement; malignant jaundice with a previous uncovered duodenal SEMS placed for malignant stricture; patients unfit for surgery; TTM LAMS deployment with or without guidewire placement. Exclusion criteria were: history of PTBD. LAMS were deployed by experienced endoscopists who had performed > 20 LAMS cases for different indications and > 1000 bilio-pancreatic EUS procedures. Technical success was defined as correct placement of the LAMS through the meshes of a duodenal SEMS. Successful clinical outcome was defined as a bilirubin level decrease > 15 % after 24 hours from the LAMS placement.
Statistical considerations Continuous data are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) when not normally distributed. Categorical data are displayed as absolute proportion and percentage (%). Serum values were reported as T0 before the procedures and as T24 24 h after LAMS placement. Tests of hypothesis significance for paired laboratory data, i. e. paired ttest or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were provided, as appropriate.
Introduction: Patients with advanced-stage NSCLC whose tumors harbor an ALK gene rearrangement benefit from treatment with multiple ALK inhibitors (ALKi). Approximately 30% of tumor biopsy samples contain insufficient tissue for successful ALK molecular characterization. This study evaluated the added value of analyzing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a surrogate to ALK tissue analysis and as a function of the response to ALKi. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective observational study (NCT02372448) of 203 patients with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC across nine French centers, of whom 81 were ALK positive (immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]) and 122 ALK negative on paraffinembedded tissue specimens. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks after ALKi initiation or at disease progression.
Patients and Samples This multicenter, prospective observational study (NCT02372448) was conducted across nine French clinical institutions from January 23, 2015, to November 21, 2019, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the European Directive and Good Clinical Practices. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud-Méditerranée V) and authorized by the Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé. Informed written consent was obtained from all the patients. Eligible patients had histologically confirmed stage IIIB/IV NSCLC (Table  1 ). A few number of patients had initially been diagnosed with having stages I to IIIA NSCLC, enrolled in the study at the time of the metastatic relapse (Table  1 ). For these patients, a rebiopsy was performed to evaluate the ALK status.
Dr. Moro-Sibilot  reports receiving commercial research grants and honoraria from  Roche ,  Bristol-Myers Squibb ,  Merck Sharp & Dohme , and  Eli Lilly & Co. outside of the submitted work. Dr. Barlesi  reports receiving speaker's bureau honoraria from  AstraZeneca ,  Bristol-Myers Squibb ,  Boehringer Ingelheim ,  Clovis Oncology ,  Eli Lilly Oncology ,  Hoffman-Roche ,  Novartis ,  Merck ,  Merck Sharp & Dohme ,  Pierre Fabre , and  Pfizer  outside of the submitted work. Dr. Tomasini  reports receiving grants and nonfinancial support from  Roche ,  Astra Zeneca ,  Bristol-Myers Squibb ,  Boehringer Ingelheim , and  Takeda  outside of the submitted work. Dr. Heeke  has received honoraria from  Qiagen and Boehringer Ingelheim  outside of the submitted work. Dr. Hofman  has received honoraria from  Roche ,  AstraZeneca ,  Bristol-Myers Squibb ,  Pfizer ,  Novartis ,  Bayer ,  Merck ,  Merck Sharp & Dohme ,  Qiagen ,  Illumina ,  Thermo Fisher Scientific , and Biocartis outside of the submitted work.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by funding from  French agency ANR  ( SingleStatOmics ;  ANR-18-CE45-0023-03 ). We thank  Ulysse Herbach  for having highlighted the notions of main modes for the stochastic hybrid model of gene expression, and for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank the referees and the associated editor for carefully reading our manuscript and for their constructive comments which helped improving the quality of the paper. We also thank all members of the SBDM and  Dracula teams , and of the  SingleStatOmics  project, for enlightening discussions. We also thank the  BioSyL Federation  and the  LabEx Ecofect  ( ANR-11-LABX-0048 ) of the  University of Lyon  for inspiring scientific events.
Discussion Our main finding was that, despite statistical control for social factors, lifestyle indices, biological factors, and comorbidities, there remained a markedly raised risk of COVID-19 mortality in people of African- O R I G I N A L U N E D I T E D M A N U S C R I P T Caribbean and South Asian origin in the UK. That we were able to replicate known associations with COVID-19 mortality for socioeconomic circumstances, comorbidities, age, and sex apparent in studies from the US,  19  UK,  20  Italy,  21  China,  22  and Brazil  23  gives us some confidence in the more novel results presented here for ethnicity. The marked post-adjustment excess risk of COVID-19 in Black and South Asian study members suggests that unmeasured and/or unknown risk factors have a role. 6 While the present dataset is reasonably wellcharacterised for environmental factors, we do not have data on, for instance, life course socioeconomic position nor racial discrimination.
Downloaded from https://academic. oup. com/aje/advance-article/doi/10. 1093/aje/kwab237/6377919 by University College London user on 04 October 2021 backgrounds, it was comorbidities (1. 55; 0. 97, 2. 46; 39% attenuation). Collectively, these covariates accounted for around one third of the disparity in COVID-19 deaths for Black individuals (2. 84; 1. 91, 4. 23; 34% attenuation) as they did for South Asian study members (1. 57; 0. 97, 2. 55; 37% attenuation). That despite statistical control for an array of variables there remained a marked residual risk of death from COVID-19 in ethnic minority groups implicates other risk indices. Biological indices including high density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin, and white blood cell count, associated with COVID-19 deaths in the present dataset, were available for 358,820 people in whom there were 578 COVID-19 deaths.
There was no direct financial support for the work reported in the manuscript. GDB is supported by the  UK Medical Research Council  ( MR/P023444/1 ) and the  US National Institute on Aging  ( 1R56AG052519-01 ;  1R01AG052519-01A1 ), and CL by the  Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral programme of the Government of Catalonia's Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge  ( 2017-BP-00021 ). Conflict of interest: None. Data from  UK Biobank  (http://www. ukbiobank. ac. uk/) are available to bona fide researchers upon application. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application 10279. Running head: Ethnicity and COVID-19 mortality.
Patients were either classified as "ever-user" if the specific co-medication was documented at least once during the trial. In. contrast, "never-users" served as controls. Data were adjusted for potential confounders (age, FIGO stage, histology, residual tumor after surgery, ECOG performance status, BMI, Charlson Comorbidity Index and assigned treatment within the trial) in multivariate Cox regression analyses. Result(s)* Overall, 2. 857 patients were included in the analyses. "Ever-users" were: N=100 patients received metformin (3. 5%), N=226 received statins (7. 9%), and N=475 (16. 6%) received beta-blockers (BB) (N=391 selective (sBB); N=84 non-selective (nsBB)) as co-medication. There were no significant differences regarding the baseline characteristics (histology, FIGO stage, residual tumor after surgery, and chemotherapy-schedule) between "everand neverusers" except that "ever-users" were significantly older and more obese, compared to controls.
The consensus agreement or disagreement rate was calculated without including the abstaining votes in the denominator, in order to avoid affecting the overall rates in questions with mutually exclusive choices. Discussions and comments of the panellists were documented to be considered in the results. Later after this meeting, updated data for some immunotherapy studies in TNBC were presented at the 2020 ASCO, European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), reflecting the rapid dynamics in this field, where relevant statements were developed, revised by the panel and voted upon through emails. The final consensus manuscript was later circulated to the panel members for critical revision of important intellectual content. methodology. When necessary, expert opinion supplemented the evidence  [2]  (Table  2 ).
Anti-HER2 Targeted Therapy in HER2 Switch-to-Positive after Neo-Adjuvant Therapy There was a consensus (92. 6%) to offer anti-HER2 therapy in the case of switch of HER2 receptor from negative to overexpressed after NAT. The panel felt that this is an appropriate approach, despite the lack of strong evidence to support this decision. 4. 2. Loco-Regional Treatment for TNBC 4. 2. 1. Mastectomy Versus Conservative Surgery for Early TNBC Cases (cT1-2 N0) There are conflicting data regarding the impact of TNBC biology on loco-regional recurrence (LRR). Some retrospective studies showed higher LRR rates after breast conservative surgery (BCS), while others did not  [49] [50] [51]. A study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database analysed outcomes of BCS compared to mastectomy in a cohort of 14,910 patients diagnosed with T1-2 N0 M0 TNBC (2010-2014).
Accordingly, 58% of the panellists agreed, while 42% declined to offer tumour bed boost to all cases of TNBC after BCS. This was a challenging vote with no consensus; however, voters in favour of this approach based their opinion on the observational data showing a higher incidence of LRR in TNBC tumours, which may necessitate further local treatment control measures. 4. 2. 7. Regional Nodal Irradiation after Upfront Surgery for pT1-3 N0 TNBC Data are still evolving and lack robust evidence to confirm a favourable impact of postoperative regional nodal irradiation (RNI) on loco-regional control or survival in patients with pT1-3 N0 TNBC. The panel reached a consensus of 86% that RNI in these patients should not be recommended based solely on TNBC biology. The panel discussed the fact that it is mandatory to consider other poor prognostic features including LVI and high-grade when suggesting such an indication.
In addition, the OS was significantly improved (78. 8% vs. 70. 3%, respectively, HR = 0. 52, 95% CI = 0. 30-0. 90) [88]. The caveat of this study was that the data for TNBC were from a subgroup analysis. Still, whether adjuvant capecitabine in this context is better than adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy remains an intriguing question. The EA 1131 (NTC02445391)  [102]  is an ongoing randomized phase III trial comparing four cycles of platinum (cisplatin or carboplatin) vs. six cycles of capecitabine as adjuvant therapy in TNBC patients with postoperative residual disease (≥10 mm invasive disease) following NAT. Residual disease should be of basal-like subtype as determined by PAM50 assay prior to randomization. The estimated study completion date is May 2024. A consensus was reached by the panel (85%) recommending adjuvant capecitabine for 6-8 cycles in case of absence of pCR following neo-adjuvant anthracycline and taxane regimen.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Upfront Surgery in pT1a-b N0 TNBC A prospective study included 363 patients with T1a-b N0 TNBC had illustrated the favourable natural history of these small tumours. It showed that without chemotherapy, the 5-year breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), DFS, and OS were 95%, 93% and 94%, respectively, for T1a N0 tumours, and 95%, 90% and 91% for T1b N0 tumours, respectively  [103]. This was confirmed by a recent SEER database analysis of more than 9000 stage I, TNBC patients. Patients with T1a-b N0 who received chemotherapy did not show significantly better BCSS or OS than those who did not receive it. While patients who received chemotherapy with poorly differentiated tumours had better BCSS (HR = 0. 68, 95% CI = 0. 52-0. 88) and OS (HR = 0. 54, 95% CI= 0. 44-0.
Acknowledgments: The authors are grateful for all the panel members and moderators of this meeting for their scientific contribution. pira (Pfizer),  Johnson & Johnson ,  Merck ,  Merck Serano  ( Merck KGaA ),  Mundipharma International Limited ,  Novartis ,  Pfizer ,  Pierre Fabre ,  Roche ,  Sandoz, Tesaro (GSK) ,  Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd. , and  Vifor Pharma ; honoraria for lectures at symposia of  Accord Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Astellas, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals (Schering), Biocon, Baeringer lngelheim, Cephalon, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. , Ltd. , Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai Co. , Ltd. , Dr Reddy's Laboratories, Genomic Health (Exact Sciences ),  Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited. ,  GSK ,  Helsinn Healthcare SA, Hospira (Pfizer ),  Ipsen ,  Janssen Biotech ,  Kyowa Kirin Group ,  Merck ,  Merck Serano  ( Merck KGaA ),  Mundipharma International Limited ,  Novartis ,  Pfizer ,  Pierre Fabre ,  Roche ,  Sandoz ,  Sanofi, Tesaro (GSK) ,  Taiho Pharmaceutical ,  Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
We derived odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% CIs for decreased sexual activity (ie, the most frequent outcome reported by the respondents) compared to either no change or increased sexual activity using multivariable logistic regression models, after adjustment for sex, age group, level of education, and geographic area. All estimates were provided overall and differentiating between cohabiting subjects (ie, married=cohabitants) and non-cohabiting subjects (ie, singles, divorced=separated, or widowed). A statistical weight was applied to all the analyses to further guarantee the representativeness of the national sample in terms of sex, age, socio-economic status (ie, level of education) and geographic area (ie, region and municipality size). Sampling weights were computed by Doxa using official national data for 2019 from the Italian National Institute of Statistics.
Funding: The survey was co-funded by the  Italian National Institute of Health (ISS)  and  Fondazione Cariplo. The work of SG, AL and CB is partially supported by a research grant of the  DG-Welfare of Lombardy Region (Call: Progetti di ricerca in ambito sanitario connessi all 'emergenza COVID 19; DGR n. XI = 3017). The work of AA is partially supported by a grant of the  AXA (AXA Research Fund -Call  for Proposals Covid-19).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION All Pekin duck groups (A-J) proved negative for each of the 3 subgroups, whereas all mallards (group K) were positive for aMPV subgroup C (cOD range = 0. 314-1. 186, mean = 0. 779, SD = 0. 244). Six mallards were positive to aMPV-B (cOD range = 0. 221-0. 497, mean = 0. 330, SD = 0. 111) and one was also borderline positive to aMPV-A with a cOD value equal to 0. 206 (Figure  1 ). Across 6 measurements, the OD values detected in the positive controls were in the range between 0. 898 and 1. 089 for subgroup A (mean = 1. 020, SD = 0. 069), 0. 940 to 1. 089 for subgroup B (mean = 1. 004, SD = 0. 053) and 1. 018 to 1. 047 for subgroup C (mean = 1. 033, SD = 0. 011). Anamnestic data about the mallard flock were retrospectively obtained. The flock was raised indoors for the entire productive cycle, during which no signs were reported.
All contacts among staff and residents are screened using molecular test (PCR or antigen test) immediately upon confirmation of an index infection in a facility; further, all staff and residents are regularly screened independently of whether the individuals show symptoms or not; public health guidelines require to screen staff every 2-4 weeks depending on the population size where the LTCFs is located. Thus, the amount of documented infection relies under all infections but over symptomatic infections (which have been estimated to be around ~60% in LTCFs/skilled nursing homes)  [2, 3]. For our analysis using this dataset, we assume that the number of documented infections and COVID019 deaths closely approximates the true number of infections and deaths. For example, in a facility where individuals are screened every 2 weeks  [4]  on top of having symptomatic surveillance and outbreak investigation standards, reporting no documented infections --when in reality there is transmission--would require the full outbreak to remain undetected (i.
Estimating Infections and Deaths Averted By Vaccinations To estimate the total infections and deaths averted, we aggregate data across all of Catalonia. While it might make sense to use point estimates of infections and deaths averted from individual counties, the more granular model fits are not as good and there is not a clear way to combine the uncertainty from these multiple estimates given their temporal and spatial correlation. We trained a negative binomial model (model 1, eq. 1) to predict the nursing home infections,   , for day d using community infections that day and one week prior,   and  -7 respectively. and   are moving weekly averages of documented infections.
𝐸[𝐷 𝑑 ] = 𝐵 1 𝐶 𝑑 + 𝐵 2 𝐶 (𝑑-7) + 𝐵 3 𝐶 (𝑑-14) + 𝐵 4 𝐶 (𝑑-21) (eq. 2) The model was trained on data from a baseline period, July 6, 2020 to December 27, 2020, and then applied to data from an evaluation period, December 28 to March 28 (on December 26, nursing homes began administering vaccines). We generated model fits and prediction intervals in the evaluation period. The prediction intervals for deaths (eq. 2) were generated by using R's prediction function and the prediction intervals for infections (eq. 1) were generated using a parametric bootstrap procedure. To estimate the number of infections or deaths averted during a target period, we summed the daily model fits and bounds of the prediction intervals. This yields wider intervals than is likely true but given the temporal correlation of the predictions it would not be sensible to combine the variances of each prediction as if they were independent.
In this study, the solid-state kinetics and reaction mechanism of thermochemical reduction and re-oxidation reactions taking place over CeO 2 oxygen carriers were carefully monitored. Classical kinetic models, including the power law model (PLM), the shrinking core model (SCM), and the nucleation and nuclei growth model (NGM), were compared on the basis of their ability to accurately describe the experimental data  [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37]. Thermochemical reduction and re-oxidation cycles were carried out in the presence of CH 4 and CO 2 , respectively. The amounts of oxygen being released and absorbed by the material during redox reactions were measured continuously, over commercial CeO 2 powder. The reactions were performed and investigated using a customized solar thermogravimetric reactor developed previously at PROMES-CNRS.