dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
The information registered in every service included: (a) Service basic information (e. g. , name, type of service, description of governance); (b) Location and geographical information about the service (e. g. , service of reference, service area); (c) Service data (e. g. , opening days and hours, staffing, management, economic information, legal system, user profile, number of users, number of contacts or admissions, number of days in hospital or residential structure, number of available beds or places, links with other services); (d) Additional information (name of coder, date, number observations and problems registered in the data collection). Step 4 -Analysis of the local health system: It included the analysis of three main areas (a) Service availability, basic stable inputs of care of the services were identified and coded according to their principal MTC using the DESDE-LTC classification system.
(b) Placement capacity, aimed at counting the number of places and beds of the BSICs, and (c) Workforce capacity, that included "physicians", "psychologists", "nurses", "social workers" and "occupational therapists" were counted using 'Full Time Equivalents" (FTE) per every basic stable inputs of care and its principal MTC. The category "other workers" was applied to all those health workers whose job is not classified in the other five definitions. For instance, voluntary staff is included in this category. Missing data and non-congruencies were revised by the core group and a second review of the data was made in October 2012. Data cleaning, additional reviews and updates followed to create the final data set by September 2013 with a total of 748 observations. The territorial comparison was carried out using the principal MTC of every BSIC and the total number of MTCs identified in every area.
Another approach to estimate the spatial accessibility is the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) whose application needs three main parameters: the supply, the demand and the computation of accessibility measures. The supply is represented by mental health services. All the addresses of the services mapped in the REMAST were geocoded using the Google Geocoding API (V3) and integrated into a GIS software. The demand is represented by the potential users of mental health services (represented by the population size and location data, obtained from GEOSTAT 1A). Finally, the distance between the supply and the demand locations as for the previous method has been calculated using the street networks dataset from OpenStreetMap. The travel time between each mental health services and population location can be calculated using the Origin-Destination cost matrix function of ArcGIS Network Analyst Extension.
Second there is a huge disparity in the availability of service and geographical information across different countries and regions. Information accessibility is an integral part of care accessibility and it should be considered when analysing equity and parity. In the study areas in the eight partner countries we found large disparities in the availability of databases on the health and social resources, on their content for actual policy planning and on their overall quality. This was a major problem for estimating the timeline and for carrying out the mapping exercise. There is an urgent need for developing better standards of information on services, utilisation and quality at local, national and international level. The information on publicly funded services (availability, location, capacity and staff) should be accessible for researchers and for users.
Acknowledgements The Refinement Project has been funded by the  European Commission Seventh Framework Programme  ( [FP7/ 2007-2013] [FP7/2007-2011 ]) under grant agreement  n°261459. www. refinementproject. eu. The members of the Refinement Group are:  Florian Endel ,  Gisela Hagmair ,  Heinz Katschnig ,  Sonja Scheffel ,  Christa Strassmyr ,  Barbara Weibold  (Austria); Tihana Matosevic ,  David McDaid ,  A-la Park  (England);  Taina Ala-Nikkola ,  Niklas Grönlund ,  Irja Hemmilä ,  Grigori Joffe ,  Jutta Järvelin ,  Raija Kontio ,  Maili Malin ,  Petri Näätänen ,  Sami Pirkola ,  Minna Sadeniemi ,  Eila Sailas ,  Marjut Vastamäki ,  Kristian Wahlbeck  (Finland);  Matthias Brunn ,  Karine Chevreul ,  Amélie Prigent (France) ;  Francesco Amaddeo ,  Gaia Cetrano ,  Valeria Donisi ,  Laura Grigoletti ,  Ilaria Montagni ,  Laura Rabbi ,  Damiano Salazzari ,  Federico Tedeschi , (Italy);  Øyvind Hope ,  Jorid Kalseth ,  Birgitte Kalseth ,  Jon Magnussen  (Norway);  Juan M Cabases ,  Jordi Cid ,  Ana Fernandez ,  Andrea Gabilondo ,  Carlos García ,  Juan Luis González-Caballero ,  Mencía R.
The goal was to first see how soon before the scheduled start time for the first case of the day they visited their patient and how often the first case starts on time. All the sensors were remotely controllable for fast and noninvasive potential system repairs. All components were easily acquired and assembled with 3D printed cases. Only a small white box and the sensor or camera are visible in the installed system, and all sensors were plugged into the emergency power outlets in and around the OR as these had dedicated uninterrupted power. The collected data were always anonymous as they centered around case types and perioperative setting movements and functions and not on individuals. The data stream was stored on an on-site secure Fig. 2  Installation of the smart OR system. Central computer where the data is collected from the sensors via 4G server (top right).
Results and discussion With the collection and processing of 281 cases collected from 12/1/14 to 5/1/14, results obtained confirm the capability of accurately identifying the steps of the operative procedure outlined in Table  1  in a repeatable and reliable way. A representative generated timeline of sensor-derived data from a single OR on 1 day is depicted in Fig. 4. The doorway pressure sensor reliably detected entrance and exit of the patient bed and initiation as well as cessation of the ventilator function (indicating when the patient was intubated as well as extubated) was clearly captured by the motion sensor camera placed on the ventilator bellows. On the generated timeline, changes in ambient light within the OR are visually depicted as a decrease in peak intensity of the ventilator movement and signify "going green" in the room for the laparoscopic portion of the operation.
The database we built gives us access to a very broad range of types of procedures from a range of surgical specialties. While performing the data analyses and segmentation, we did statistical analyses on each part of the OR cycle. We also separated out the different types of procedures and did a more in depth analysis of common general Fig. 4  Representative day in the OR. Example of three cases captured by the SmartOR system. The targeted events are clearly identifiable along with time between procedures. The data from the camera shows the difference between the non-laparoscopic and the laparoscopic portion of the surgery corresponding to a decrease of the ambient light in the OR surgery procedures. For clinical relevance, we focused on examining the outliers in each portion of the OR cycle and overall outliers in common general surgery procedures.
Data collection All participants underwent otoscopic and audiometric evaluations. Air and bone conduction hearing thresholds were obtained using an AC 33 clinical audiometer (Interacoustic © ) in a sound-treated booth. Puretone audiometry was performed for octave frequencies between 250 and 8000 Hz in each ear for all subjects. Pure tone averages (PTAs) were calculated using the thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. General information was also gathered, including each subject's number of years of education and current professional activity. The SSQ questionnaire was presented in a counterbalanced manner with another similar questionnaire [the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire by  Tyler et al (2009) ], the results of which are not the topic of the present paper. The questionnaires were given to the HIS in a pre-stamped and addressed envelope after receiving instructions from the clinician.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank  Prof. Jürgen Kiessling  and his team, who very kindly provided us with the percentage presence per item for their German version of the SSQ; Cochlear°, for generously providing an initial French translation of the SSQ; and  Prof. Stéphane Tingrali , for accepting our presence at the  ENT department of Lyon South Hospital  ( Hospices Civils de Lyon ) for the pilot study. Many thanks are due to our colleagues and to the  Franco-British  families and patients who devoted their time and expertise to the success of this study. This work was supported in part by the " Fondation de l'Avenir" research program   ET2-652  and by the  LABEX CELYA  ( ANR-11-LABX-0060 ) of  Université de Lyon, France  within the program " Investissements d'Avenir"  ( ANR-11-IDEX-0007 ), operated by the  French National Research Agency (ANR).
In cancer patients treated for venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), analyzing mortality associated with recurrent VTE or major bleeding is needed to determine the optimal duration of anticoagulation. This was a cohort study using the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbolica (RIETE) Registry database to compare rates of fatal recurrent PE and fatal bleeding in cancer patients receiving anticoagulation for VTE. As of January 2013, 44,794 patients were enrolled in RIETE, of whom 7911 (18%) had active cancer. During the course of anticoagulant therapy (mean, 181 AE 210 days), 178 cancer patients (4. 3%) developed recurrent PE (5. 5 per 100 patient-years; 95% CI: 4. 8-6. 4), 194 (4. 7%) had recurrent DVT (6. 2 per 100 patient-years; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.
METHODS Consecutive patients with symptomatic acute VTE confirmed by objective tests (contrast venography or ultrasonography for suspected DVT, pulmonary angiography, lung scintigraphy, or helical computed tomography scan for suspected PE) were enrolled in RIETE. Patients were excluded if currently participating in a therapeutic clinical trial with a blinded therapy. All patients provided written or oral consent for participation in the registry, in accordance with local ethics committee requirements. Participating physicians ensured that eligible patients were consecutively enrolled. Data recorded on a computer-based case report form at each participating hospital were submitted to a centralized coordinating center through a secure website. [18].
Baseline Variables The following parameters were recorded when the qualifying episode of VTE was diagnosed: patient's gender, age, and body weight; presence of coexisting conditions (chronic heart or lung disease) and additional VTE risk factors including recent immobilization (defined as nonsurgical patients confined to bed with bathroom privileges for !4 days in the 2 months before VTE diagnosis), and surgery (defined as an operation in the 2 months before VTE); recent (<30 days before VTE) major bleeding; clinical characteristics of the malignancy (cancer site, staging, cancer duration since diagnosis); and laboratory data on admission, including serum creatinine levels.
Statistical Analysis Categorical variables were reported as percentages and compared using the Chi-square test (2-sided) and Fisher exact test as appropriate. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and a P-value <0. 05 was considered to be statistically significant. Continuous variables were compared with a Student t test. Incidence rates were calculated as cumulative incidence (events/100 patient-years). The case-fatality rate (CFR) of recurrent PE and major bleeding, defined as the proportion of patients who die as a consequence of these conditions, was calculated. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software for Windows release 15. 0 (SPSS Inc. , Chicago, Illinois, USA).
The RIETE registry provides data on the treatment and outcome of VTE in a real-world situation with an unselected patient population, in contrast to the rigorously controlled conditions of randomized clinical studies. There was a relatively low rate of VCF insertion, although 10% of the patients dying of bleeding had a history of recent bleeding before the index VTE. A recent RIETE study in 371 patients (of whom 60 with cancer) has shown that inferior VCF insertion, as compared with anticoagulant therapy, in patients with acute symptomatic VTE and a significant risk of bleeding was associated with a lower risk of PE-related death, but did not decrease the rate of major bleeding at 30 days. 23 n the literature, no studies have yet assessed the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy beyond the first 6 months, but in a recent survey containing 49 questions on different aspects of the treatment of cancer patients with VTE, almost half of the respondents chose to continue LMWH treatment after the initial 3 to 12 months, most often for life-long.
24 ccording to our findings, indefinite anticoagulation should probably be reconsidered for some of these patients. The present study has a number of potential limitations. First, patients were not treated with a standardized anticoagulant regimen and treatment varied with local practice, which was influenced by a physician's assessment of a patient's risk of bleeding. Second, data from registries are susceptible to selection bias if a nonrepresentative sample of patients is selected for analysis. However, the RIETE registry captured a broad range of cancer patients with acute symptomatic VTE from multiple medical centers, countries, and treatment settings, and the study cohort was less likely a skewed population. Third, to fulfill the definition of fatal PE in RIETE patients must first experience an objectively confirmed recurrent PE followed by death within 10 days.
Objective. The efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who experienced an inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were previously established in a phase III study that included a 4-month open-label lead-in period, a 6-month double-blind withdrawal period, and a long-term extension (LTE) phase. The aim of this study was to present the safety, efficacy, and patient-reported outcomes of abatacept treatment (10 mg/kg every 4 weeks) during the LTE phase, for up to 7 years of followup. Methods. Patients enrolled in the phase III trial could enter the open-label LTE phase if they had not achieved a response to treatment at month 4 or if they had received abatacept or placebo during the doubleblind period. ClinicalTrials.
PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient population and study design. The phase III study (ClinicalTrials. gov identifier NCT00095173) included patients with JIA ages 6-17 years from 43 pediatric rheumatology centers in Europe, Latin America, and the US belonging to the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group or the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation  (20). To be eligible, patients were required to have had an inadequate response or intolerance to at least 1 DMARD (including TNF-blocking agents), active disease at the time of enrollment (at least 2 joints with active arthritis and 2 joints with limited range of motion), and a history of at least 5 joints with active arthritis (swollen joints or joints with a limited range of motion and pain or tenderness). The study design was previously described  (19).
Assessments performed. The primary objective of the LTE period was to assess the safety of continued long-term abatacept treatment. Safety data were recorded at each study visit up to a maximum of 7 years of treatment, representing the maximum exposure time in the study. Acute infusion-related events were defined as those reported within 1 hour of the start of infusion. The definitions of a serious adverse event (SAE) included a fatal or life-threatening AE, an AE requiring hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, an AE resulting in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, cancer, a congenital anomaly/birth defect, overdose, development of drug dependency or drug abuse, or an important medical event. The secondary objective was to assess the efficacy of abatacept treatment.
The Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) was used to evaluate physical, emotional, and social aspects of HRQOL in the patients; raw scores were transformed to a scale of 0-100, with higher scores indicating better QOL. Physical summary and psychosocial summary scores of the CHQ were normalized using data from healthy children in the US; mean 6 SD scores of 50 6 10 were considered within the normal range for healthy children  (22, 23). Disability was assessed using the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (C-HAQ) disability index, which is a component of the criteria for an ACR Pedi response  (23). Pain was assessed using the parent's global assessment score. Parents were asked how much pain due to illness their child had experienced in the past week; responses were measured using an anchored 100-mm visual analog scale, where 0 indicates no pain and 100 indicates very severe pain.
Statistical analysis. The analyses were based on data derived from the 153 patients who entered the LTE phase and received at least 1 infusion of abatacept; the data for these patients were pooled and represent the open-label lead-in, double-blind randomized, and open-label LTE periods. Safety data are presented as incidence rates (IRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), which were calculated as the number of events per 100 patient-years of exposure (number of patients with event/exposure [person-years] 3 100). Patientyears of exposure were censored at the time of the first occurrence of an AE. Safety analyses were based on data obtained up to 56 days after administration of the last abatacept dose. Clinical efficacy and QOL analyses were based on data derived from patients for whom data were available at each time point (as-observed) and are presented for 3 subgroups: patients who received abatacept during the 6-month doubleblind withdrawal period (double-blind abatacept group), patients who received placebo during the 6-month doubleblind withdrawal period (double-blind placebo group), and patients who did not achieve an ACR Pedi 30 response during the initial 4-month open-label lead-in period and who entered the LTE phase directly (initial nonresponder group).
For patients who did not achieve an ACR Pedi 30 response during the 4month lead-in period, and thus entered the LTE phase directly, ACR Pedi responses gradually increased with continued long-term abatacept therapy (Figure  2B ). ACR Pedi responses throughout the LTE phase were also evaluated in a post hoc intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis based on all 190 patients who had entered the lead-in phase of the trial, with any patient who discontinued at any point or had missing data considered a nonresponder. In this analysis, the proportions of patients achieving an ACR Pedi 30 response, a Pedi 50 response, a Pedi 70 response, a Pedi 90 response, and clinically inactive disease status on day 169 of the LTE phase were as follows: 55. 8% (95% CI 48. 7-62. 9%), 47. 4% (95% CI 40. 3-54. 5%), 35. 3% (95% CI 28.
Furthermore, continued use of abatacept in patients who did not achieve an ACR Pedi 30 response within the first 4 months of treatment resulted in improved responses over time in some patients. An objective of this long-term analysis was to evaluate the maintenance of clinical efficacy with continued treatment. Given that a large proportion of the study population discontinued participation during the course of the LTE phase, 2 analysis methods were used to address this shortcoming. An as-observed analysis was used to evaluate disease activity in patients who continued to receive abatacept. Of the 153 patients who entered the LTE phase, 69 (45%) remained in the study until the end; of the 84 patients who discontinued, 24 did so due to loss of efficacy of the study drug. Currently, there is discussion in the rheumatology community regarding the best way to present long-term followup efficacy data such as these, although no consensus or recommendations have yet been published  (28).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the following investigators who participated in the trial:  Sheila Oliveira, MD ,  Flavio Sztajnbok, MD ,  Claudia Schainberg, MD ,  Morton Scheinberg ,  MD (Brazil) ;  Brigitte Bader Meunier, MD ,  Michael Fischbach, MD ,  Irene Lemelle, MD ,  Anne Marie Prieur ,  MD (France) ;  Javier Orozco, MD (Mexico) ;  Maria Alessio, MD ,  Angelo Ravelli, MD ,  Loredana Lepore, MD ,  Elisabetta Cortis, MD ,  Fernanda Falcini ,  MD (Italy) ;  Immaculada Calvo, MD (Spain) ;  Anne B. Eberhard, MD ,  Phillip Hashkes, MD ,  Christine Hom, MD ,  Larry Jung, MD ,  Nancy Olson, MD ,  Carol Wallace, MD (US). We also thank  Alejandro Flores Nunez, MD ,  Hospital del Nino Poblano, Puebla, Mexico , for his contributions to the manuscript, as well as  Allison Covucci  and  Marleen Nys ,  Bristol-Myers Squibb , for support with statistics.
Statistics Analyses All statistical analyses were computed using SPSS 20. 0. In order to verify the acceptability of the intervention, we computed: (a) the number of participants that successfully completed the training; (b) the mean scores of the acceptability questionnaires administered after S1 and S5; (c) the mean time spent playing, and the number of scenarios played (in total and at home). Group comparisons were performed using diagnosis (MCI vs. AD), residence (outpatients vs. patients in nursing home) and presence of diagnostic criteria for apathy (yes vs. no) as independent between-subject factors. As the distribution of the data was not normal, group comparisons were performed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Comparisons between the acceptability questionnaires after S1 and S5 were performed using paired-sample t-tests.
Game Experience The acceptability of the intervention was corroborated also by the data concerning the time that patients spent playing, and the number of scenarios played. During the 4-week trial participants played a mean of 55. 8 scenarios (SD = 64. 9; range = 10-284), for a mean playtime of more than 5 h (5h22m; SD = 4h19m; range = 32m-17h40m), corresponding to a mean of 1h21m hours per week. Almost 85% of the scenarios were played at home (Mean = 47. 4, SD = 64. 3), for a mean playtime at home of 3h48m (SD = 4h19m range = 0m-16h28m). Over 70% of the scenarios were successfully completed (Mean = 70. 2%, SD = 25%; range = 18. 2%-100%). Results according to diagnosis, residence, and presence of diagnostic criteria for apathy are shown in Table  2. No significant difference in the number of scenarios (p = 0.
Statistical Analysis The slider position was encoded with integer values between 1 (happy, like, clear) and 100 (sad, dislike, unclear). As CI users are known to have good perception of rhythm, and tempo is known to affect the emotional response (happy songs have usually faster tempo than sad ones) and the ability to segregate sequential notes (faster tempo induces more sequential segregation than slower;  Bregman, 1990) , the songs were analyzed as function of their tempo. All tempi were estimated by asking eight additional NH listeners to tap on a button with the beat of each piece. The average across the eight NH listeners was used as the reference tempo for further analysis. The data were analyzed using JMP (version 11. 1. 1) through a linear mixed-model with the following fixed effects: the groups (BM and BL), the listening configuration (monaural, diotic, dichotic 1, and dichotic 2), the tempo (set as a continuous variable), and their two-way  and three-way interactions.