dataesr/scientific-paragraphs-categorization huggingface dataset:
Conversely, 4 genes at 4 h and 27 genes at 48 h were downregulated after Ae. aegypti bites (Supplementary Data 1). Upregulated genes at each time point were subjected to overrepresentation analysis (ORA) for enriched pathways using the Reactome database with an FDR cut off <0. 05. Four pathways related to cell proliferation, cell growth and nuclear transcription were identified (FDR < 0. 05) at 30 min after Ae. aegypti bites (Supplementary Data 2). At both 4 and 48 h post-bite, the immune nature of the host response to Ae. aegypti bites was evident via the revealed pathways (Fig. 4A , Supplementary Data 2). At 4 h post-bite, pathways such as "neutrophil degranulation", "Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling", "Interleukin-10 signaling", "Interferon-γ signaling", "Chemokine receptors bind chemokines", and "Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell" (Fig.
Study enrollment and procedures From October 2020 to January 2021, we recruited and enrolled thirty Cambodian adults at Kampong Speu District Referral Hospital. Eligible participants were healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 45 years old who agreed not to use topical or oral antihistamines or steroids for the duration of the study. Participants were excluded if they were pregnant or reported a history of severe allergic reaction to mosquito or other insect bites, use of medications that affect blood clotting, or history of significant scarring such as keloid formation (full criteria found on https://clinicaltrials. gov/ct2/show/NCT04350905). All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment, and the study was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines.
05 (Benjamini-Hochberg multiple testing correction method  69  ). PlotPCA3D 0. 0. 1(twbattaglia/btools) was used to generate tri-dimensional principal component analysis plots on DESeq2. EnhancedVolcano 1. 12. 0 was used to generate volcano plots  70. GOplot 1. 0. 71 was used to generate chord plots using data obtained from packages clusterProfiler 4. 2. 0 72 and ReactomePA 1. 38. 0  73. Pathways with a Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-value < 0. 05 and were considered as enriched, selected pathways were mapped on chord plots  69. Heatmaps were prepared using packages pheatmap 1. 0. 12. 74  and dendsort 0. 3. 4  75. All DEG analyses were performed using R 4. 1. 0  76.
Statistics and reproducibility Given no prior saliva skin immunity studies published in humans, feasibility and sample sizes are adapted from literature concerning neoplastic or autoimmune disorders of the skin versus healthy comparator skin. No data were excluded from the analyses, but TCR sequencing analyses are ongoing for an additional 10 patients. The experiments were not randomized and the investigators were not blinded to allocation during experiments and outcome assessment. Flow cytometry and multiplex cytokine screening data were analyzed with GraphPad's Prism 9 software, using the non-parametricbased tests, Friedman + Dunn's multiple comparisons test, Wilcoxon signed-rank and Chi-square test. Correlation analysis was performed with the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Bars indicate median and interquartile range.
Acknowledgements We would like to thank the study participants in  Kampong Speu, Cambodia. We would also like to acknowledge  Noemi Kedei  and  Maria Hernandez  for their assistance in histology and staining,  Jon Fintzi  for statistical review of the clinical protocol, and  Rose Perry-Gottschalk  for her medical illustrations. This work was funded by:  Division of Intramural Research at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases  at the  National Institutes of Health  # 1ZIAAI001066-12 : J. M. , F. O. ;  Howard Hughes Medical Institute -Wellcome # 208710/Z/17/Z : T. C. ;  French National Research Agency  # ANR-17-CE15-00029 : D. M. ;  Calmette-Yersin  PhD Scholarship: D. G.
Statistical analyses The statistical tests performed to assess the anti-termite and anti-fungal activity of the various tested cedar extractives were carried out with RStudio ® software  [version 2021. 09. 2+382, RStudio Inc. ]. These statistical tests are all non-parametric tests, consisting in a comparison of median values (Wilcoxon test). The results of the tests are specified in figure  4  for the anti-termite activities and in figure  5  for the antifungal activities.
Data access The detailed data obtained throught this study and presented in this article are available in the "CIRAD Dataverse Portail" with the following reference: Candelier K. , JAY-ALLE-MAND C. DIJOUX R. , DUCRUET R. , KIENY E. , AZNAR D. , CAYZAC C. , BIDEL L. P. R. , 2023. Replication Data for: Repellent activities against four Ascomycota species and Reticulitermes flavipes of acetonic extractives from sapwood to inner heartwood fractions of Cedrus Atlantica. CIRAD Dataverse. https://doi. org/10. 18167/DVN1/LYGTS4.
Remerciements Le travail concernant le volet génétique, les plantes tropicales riches en PSM, la modélisation de la gestion intégrée et la manipulation nutritionnelle a été soutenu par le projet AgroEcoDiv financé par le  FEDER (Fonds Européen de développement Régional) de l'Union Européenne et le conseil régional de Guadeloupe. L'action  COST COMBAR CA16230, inscrite dans le COST 641 (European Cooperation in Science and Technology ) est également remerciée.
Sample processing and microscopy screening All 65 fecal samples were concentrated using 1 g of original fecal matter as per the previously described protocol  (Castro-Hermida et al. , 2005). The samples were then screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts using direct immunofluorescence assays (IFA) (MeriFluor Cryptosporidium/Giardia, Meridian Bioscience Europe, Milan, Italy) as per the manufacturer's instructions with modifications as reported previously  (Mammeri et al. , 2018). The stained slides were examined at 40x magnification under a Leica fluorescent microscope using the Leica Application Suite software (version 4. 5. 0; Leica Microsystems, Switzerland). The number of oocysts per gram (OPG) was calculated by multiplying the total number of oocysts by the dilution factor.
Positive 18S rRNA products were subjected to PCR-RFLP analysis using two endonucleases, SspI and MboII (New England BioLabs, Ipswich, USA), to identify Cryptosporidium species. For example, in the case of C. parvum, SspI and MboII would generate three restriction fragments (449, 267, and 108 bp) and two bands (771 and 769 bp), respectively  (Feng et al. , 2007). Cryptosporidium parvum samples were subtyped by sequencing the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene (gp60) in both directions (Genoscreen, Lille, France) as previously described  (Gatei et al. , 2006). The nucleotide sequences obtained from 14 isolates were deposited in the GenBank database under accession numbers OM305071 to OM305084 (Table  I , next pages).
, 1995; Lantz et al. , 1997; McLauchlin et al. , 1999). Two species of Cryptosporidium were detected in this study, including C. parvum (83. 3%) and C. bovis (16. 6%). However, in Algeria and in other countries, in addition to these two species, C. ryanae and C. andersoni are most often detected in calves  (Ouchene et al. , 2016; Baroudi et al. , 2017; Benhouda et al. , 2017; Ouakli et al. , 2018; Zhong et al. , 2018). Our data shows that calves aged from one to three months were mainly infected with C. parvum, while only a few animals were infected with C. bovis. This is consistent with the dominant pattern of C. parvum infection in young calves  (Dinler et al. , 2017). The EU reference center guidelines suggest that genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates should be based on two genetic loci and include at least one conserved 18S rRNA gene  (Cacciò et al.
Br Med J 1954 ; 1 : 290-4. 5. Barreiro LB, Quintana-Murci L. From evolutionary genetics to human immunology : how selection shapes host defence genes. Nat Rev Genet 2010 ; 11 : 17-30. alternatives de séquençage de l'ADN, à l'échelle du génome entier, devrait faciliter la détection de variants qui, sous l'effet d'une forte sélection négative, sont devenus rares, voire ont disparu dans les populations actuelles. Ainsi pourront être identifiés de nouveaux gènes dont certains variants alléliques ont un effet délétère sur la santé, ce qui nous permettra de progresser dans la compréhension des facteurs génétiques impliqués dans les disparités actuelles de santé, à l'échelle des individus ou des populations humaines. "Integrative biology of emerging infectious Figure 2. Illustration de la Événement de sélection Microorganismes pathogènes diseases" (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) et "Milieu inté-Inflammation pléiotropie antagoniste à l'ori- rieur" (ANR-10-LABX-69-01), la Fondation pour gine d'un risque accru de mala- la recherche médicale (FRM DEQ20180339214), dies inflammatoires chroniques Études pangénomiques la Fondation Allianz-Institut de France, et la Fondation de France (00106080).
La sélection naturelle n'est pas tou- jours sans conséquence négative pour l'espèce concernée. En effet, la plu- part des gènes ont un effet pléiotro- pique, c'est-à-dire que la protéine qu'ils codent influe sur plusieurs traits phéno- typiques. Une mutation génétique peut donc s'avérer bénéfique pour un trait phénotypique, mais désavantageuse pour un autre (pléiotropie antagoniste). Ainsi, un nombre croissant de muta- tions associées au risque de contracter certaines maladies infectieuses sont REMERCIEMENTSCette étude a été financée par l'Institut Pasteur, le Collège de France, le CNRS, l'Agence nationale de la recherche (LIFECHANGE-ANR-CE-1712-0018-02, CNSVIRGEN-ANR-19-CE15-0009-02, et MORTUI-ANR-19-CE35-0005), les Laboratoires d'excellence.
Introduction L'économie circulaire se concentre sur la réduction des déchets à travers la mise en place de stratégies de réutilisation dans un système de production. Le programme transdisciplinaire CIRCULAR (ANR-15-IDEX-02) est un projet qui développe les technologies et les conditions nécessaires pour rendre les nouveaux systèmes industriels circulaires capables de transformer des produits en fin de vie en nouveaux produits. Dans  [4] , nous avons introduit un nouveau système d'aide à la décision rendant possible l'économie circulaire à travers l'usage de stratégies de réutilisation telles que le remanufacturing et le repurposing. Pour cela, le système d'aide à la décision regroupe des composants permettant de concevoir les produits requis par un utilisateur. Le système dépend d'un ensemble de composants variables en nombre et en caractéristiques (par exemple, le prix, les dimensions, la forme, etc.
Environnement matériel et logiciel Cette architecture a été développée à l'aide des langages C et C++ à partir du code source de l'architecture Soar téléchargée sur son dépôt Github. Les agents sont exécutés en parallèle sur la même machine de manière asynchrone et communiquent avec le protocole TCP/IP. Les expériences sont effectuées sur un PC multi-coeur Intel i7-6600U CPU (2,60GHz), 16 Go, 64-bit, Manjaro Linux 20. 1.
L'indice synthétique de la qualité des systèmes éducatifs (ISQ) L'indice synthétique de la qualité des systèmes éducatifs (ISQ) a été développé à partir de 2014, sur la base de données issues des études PISA de l'OCDE et de rapports de l'UNESCO. L'objectif fut dès le départ de disposer d'un outil de mesure intégrant différents critères caractérisant un système éducatif de qualité. L'ISQ a à ce jour été calculé trois fois : à partir des données récoltées en 2012, 2015 et 2018  (Gerard, Hugonnier et Varin, 2017 , 2018 , 2023, en soumission)   4. Ces calculs permettent certes de déboucher sur des classements des pays de l'OCDE en fonction de leur niveau de qualité, mais depuis le début de nos travaux, l'essentiel nous semble de pouvoir fournir aux pays des informations leur permettant d'améliorer la qualité de leur système éducatif.
Analyses de régression linéaire multiple Notre Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé, grâce à un algorithme de la library (olsrr) du logiciel R (R Core Team, 2022), à une sélection de variables que nous pourrions conserver dans notre modèle. Les 3 critères retenus pour la sélection des variables sont la minimisation du critère BIC, la maximisation du R 2 et in fine la positivité (ou la négativité) de tous les coefficients de régression.
Cycle du 'RàPC' 6. 4. 1 Elaboration du cas cible Soit une panne produite au niveau la pompe, notre système est alors sollicité et le processus du diagnostic s'enclenche. Etape 1-On détecte le symptôme et la zone de composant défaillant grâce à l'utilisation du module de contrôle des données d'acquisition. En effet, ce module permet de calculer les données de référence de différents paramètres utilisés afin de les comparer avec les données d'acquisition mesurés en temps réel. La fenêtre de menu principal du programme du diagnostic est illustrée sur la figure  12. Après l'exécution du programme, nous trouvons l'affichage de sept rubriques dans le menu principal du programme. Il nous suffit de cliquer sur l'un des boutons pour accéder à: La base de données d'acquisition constitue le coeur du programme.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to test whether the ability to imagery (i. e. , ease or difficulty in creating clear and vivid mental images in one's mind) could influence the speed of service learning in beginner tennis players when they were given motor imagery (MI) practice combined with real practice during their training sessions. The results of this experiment show an improvement in the speed and percentage of success (measured with a tablet equipped with Swingvision software) and in the quality of serves (assessed by expert tennis coaches) of the participants who carried out IM practice before serving. Furthermore, the results show that although players who had difficulty imagining serving performed worse than players who could easily perform MI, after 10 sessions their performance was similar after 20 sessions of practice.
During the first session, the players performed the pre-test, which consisted of 10 service balls with alternating service boxes aimed at each trial. The speed of the balls and the percentage of success were measured using a digital tablet (Apple iPad Pro 11 512G) equipped with a performance collection software developed specifically for tennis (Swingvision). In addition, the technical quality of the serves (based on the scores of 6 items: starting position, ball toss, backswing arm-racket movement, forwardswing arm-racket movement, point of contact and end of movement rated with a scale ranging from "0" poor to "7" excellent) was recorded and evaluated by two tennis coaches certified by the French Tennis Federation (for a similar procedure see  Robin et al. , 2021)  After the first 10 practice sessions, all participants performed the intermediate test; then after the 20 practice sessions, all players performed the post-test (10 service balls by changing the service box at each trial) under identical conditions to those of the pre-test.
001) (Table  S5 ). TGFs (a) The distributions of food insecurity based on FIES indicators are represented as categorical variables (none, mild, moderate, and severe) of the respondents' raw scores (an integer number with a value of between 0 and 8) as the sum of affirmative responses given to the eight FIES questions. The specific categories for food insecurity are plotted by position (TG and PF). (b) Distribution of changes in income (individual and household) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual and household income data were collected as categorical variables (less than $500, $600 to $1,000, $1,000 to $2,000, and more than $2,000). Income data are graphed as percent changes. than PFs (Fig. 3 ). The relationship between biosecurity training and the total risk perception score was not significant for the TGF cohort.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We acknowledge the efforts and contribution of support from the  Virology Unit  and the  Epidemiology and Public Health Unit of the Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  for interviews and data collection. We further acknowledge  Nick Ray  and former tour guide Meas Polrith at Hanuman Films; the  Provincial Department of Tourism  at the  Ministry of Tourism in Siem Reap , especially the head of tourism; the  Khmer Angkor Tour Guide Association ; the  Cambodia Association of Travel Agents (CATA) ; the  Cambodia Tourism Federation ; members of the  Cambodia Destination Management Companies ; and  Dana Asia Cambodia. Finally, we thank everyone involved in critical discussions and review of the manuscript at the  Virology Unit of the Institut Pasteur du Cambodge , including  Veasna Duong  and  Jurre Siegers.
Kathrin Gabler The pilot project funded by the Research Fund Junior Researchers (University of Basel), between March 2022 and July 2023, aims to develop the digital architecture for a new open-access online platform, "ResearchSpace Deir el-Medina", that will ultimately allow the seamless collection, documentation, research, and publication of data from Deir el-Medina using just one tool. (Fig. 20 ) TT 217, its newly gained and available information will serve as a test case for the development and first import of this platform, because the tomb offers a variety of data, ranging from archival/digitised material, freshly excavated objects (including drawings, photos, and GIS data), material stored in museums (and available in their databases), as well as newly-produced files, e. g. 3D models.
Methods and Work Conducted 75 The tomb was divided into 1x1-meter squares and all artifacts present in a square were bagged or boxed and left in the tomb for future research. This includes linen, pottery, cartonnage, leather, botanical remains, and coffin fragments (Fig. 36 ). Each element was assigned a number composed of the tomb number, a two-digit year, and a threedigit serial identifier (e. g. , 298. 22. 001 was the first element studied in 2022 in TT 298). Next, we recorded observations on each element using Samsung Galaxy Tablets and OsteoSurvey, a set of XML-based forms designed for Open Data Kit (ODK) Collect. Osteological observations were based on standard methods to estimate age, sex, pathology, stress, and trauma in human remains. We photographed each element with the tablets and additionally photographed using Olympus Mark II digital cameras to document pathology, trauma, or other unusual conditions.
Each item has been recorded on a database specifically designed for textiles of the Pharaonic period. The examination of the textiles was carried out in the frame of the EgYarn project, 20 hosted at the Centre for Textile Research of Copenhagen. The goal of the project is to understand the organisation of textile production in the New Kingdom, from fibre preparation to the finished textiles, with Deir el-Medina as a key site. Magasin 12 (M. 12) M. 12 is a tomb reused as a storeroom, where objects have been sorted depending on their material composition. One of the rooms of the tomb is occupied by a huge amount of human remains, which are still partially wrapped and covered in textiles. Two baskets full of textiles were placed on top of them; together with a few fragments of textiles coming from the threshold of the room, these constitute the dataset of this first mission.
Some pieces are so hardened by these substances that it was not possible to proceed with an in-depth analysis of their structure. Other pieces, instead, show a very good condition of preservation, although holes and cracked areas due to folding are always present. Together with stains due to contact with the mummification fluids, some textiles also displayed small white crystals, very likely of natron. On almost all of them the remains of little insects were present, but only some had small rounded holes. In some cases, it may be clearly seen that the fabric has been torn apart voluntarily, to create smaller pieces from one single shroud. Most of the textiles examined share the same quality and technical features. There is very little variation in technique; almost all of the dataset consists of fabrics that can be defined as low quality.
Pour suivre les traces d'Ismaël Boulliau (dit aussi Bullialdus) dans la poussière de l'histoire, nous adoptons une approche quantitative basée sur l'analyse de toute la littérature abondante qui a été numérisée et qui est donc ouverte à l'application des techniques bibliométriques informatisées pour détecter des modèles et des tendances au fil du temps. Nous utilisons notamment la base de données Google Books qui contient des millions de livres numérisés, manuscrits, rapports, etc. en plusieurs langues. Nous appliquons le logiciel Google Ngram pour analyser le taux de référencement de l'oeuvre de Boulliau dans la littérature, sous forme de séries chronologiques. Nous recherchons également Google Scholar qui est une base de données bibliographiques académiques et un moteur de recherche et qui est dans de nombreux cas la source la plus complète.
Cela correspond à la reconnaissance contemporaine de l'importance d'impliquer les jeunes dans les sciences et, plus généralement, la vulgarisation scientifique. Pour suivre les traces d'Ismaël Boulliau  [3]  dans la poussière de l'histoire nous adoptons une approche quantitative basée sur une analyse de cette littérature qui a été numérisée et est donc ouverte à l'application de techniques bibliométriques informatisées pour détecter des modèles et des tendances dans le temps. Accéder à ce Big Data numérisé équivaut en quelque sorte à étudier l'ADN de notre culture, scientifique ou non  [4]. Nous utilisons notamment la base de données Google Books qui contient des millions de livres, rapports, etc. numérisés en plusieurs langues. Nous recherchons également Google Scholar qui est une base de données bibliographiques académiques et un moteur de recherche et qui est dans de nombreux cas la source la plus complète  [5].
Clark (1999) a vu l'interface entre la science et le surnaturel reflétée dans la théorie de la sorcellerie anglaise qui n'a pas rejeté la sorcellerie mais souhaitait en fait l'étudier  [13]. L'analyse du corpus français de la base de données Google Scholar 1  montre que la littérature est 8 fois plus susceptible de lier la ville de Loudun au nom de Boulliau plutôt qu'au nom de Bullialdus. En revanche, le nom Bullialdus est 7,8 fois plus susceptible d'être lié, plutôt que Boulliau, à un cratère lunaire. 2 Le monde de la religion, ainsi que la sorcellerie et la superstition, était le milieu dans lequel Bullialdus a vécu sa vie. Néanmoins, la Figure  3  montre le déclin rapide de concepts tels que le paradis et l'enfer dans les corpus français et anglais du vivant de Bullialdus, au 17 e siècle.
These algorithms have been implemented in an open-source library  [39]  written in python and based on the FEniCS  [40, 41]  and VTK  [42]  libraries. It is currently freely available online at https: //gitlab. inria. fr/mgenet/dolfin_warp. We also provide the code to reproduce the results of this paper under the form of jupyter notebooks  [43] : static versions are given in the Supplementary material of the paper while interactive versions are currently available online at https://mgenet. gitlabpages. inria. fr/N-DEG-paper-demos/index. html.
(Continued on next page. ) multi-level resolution and our mechanical regularization, we were able to track rather large motion with a displacement discretization as fine as the image discretization itself, so that all features of the images motion can be tracked. In order to promote open and reproducible science, the general motion tracking algorithm as well as all regularization terms have been implemented in an open-source finite element motion tracking library  [39]  (currently at https://gitlab. inria. fr/mgenet/dolfin_warp), and the specific code to reproduce the results of this paper is also freely available  [43]  (in the supplementary file and currently at https://mgenet. gitlabpages. inria. fr/N-DEG-paper-demos/index. html). There are multiple limitations to our current approach, at various levels.