What is the Foresight discipline?
Foresight is also known as strategic foresight and futures studies.  It is an emerging multi-disciplinary practice that analyzes change and its implications in the context of the future. 

It enables societies, organizations, and individuals to effectively explore the breadth of potential future scenarios in order to better adapt in the present.  Its purpose is to inform clear thinking, appropriate action, and effective decision making based on the identified trends that will have significant impact on their domain.

Some of the numerous methodologies for decision support that are incorporated in strategic foresight include scenario planning, systems analysis, back-casting, design thinking, trends analysis, horizon scanning, and systems thinking.