darklight03/StackMIAsub huggingface dataset:
I have read the neutrino mass problem. The unnatural smallness of neutrino mass implies the existence of new physics so the seesaw mechanism is introduced to solve this theoretical problem. I understand that Dirac neutrino has only the problem of its origin, however, is the possibility that neutrinos are Dirac particle ruled out by the current experimental observation?
I saw that true strain is a sum of strains over many increments. Why would this be more accurate than using engineering strain? Engineering Strain assumes the initial length to be constant which makes sense to me because strain is just a measure of deformation. What is wrong with the idea of assuming initial length to be constant?
Consider the following scenario: There is a wind blowing right above lake surface. This wind will induce a surface current in the lake. I am quite new to this topic, so I would be interested to know if there is a well-known model or perhaps some references that gives the relationship between the wind speed and the speed of the surface current. Thank you.
If a person or thing is the exemplar of a particular virtue, you might say that they or it is exemplary or ideal; but the word "paragon" has a particular, even mythical connotation that none of the adjectives I've seen has. Could you say that something is "paragonic?" Perhaps "paragonal?"
This question is from permutations and combinations i have no approaches it would be fine if someone could just give an approach to this problem. I am a high school student with basic knowledge of combinatorics
I have an antenna that is placed at a certain height over conducting ground plane. If it's measured, I could imagine ripples in a farfield pattern owing to reflection from the ground. Is it correct to use two-ray ground reflection models to predict the complexity of interference patterns (maxima/minima) in the far field?
After discussing this problem with multiple others, I've heard tons of different answers. I understand the explanations for both A and D. I've found differing sources on the web for this question as well, some supporting A and others D, even a few C. Can someone help explain what the answer is and why?
Theorem with Diagram I am taking a topology class, and my lecturer keeps using diagrams like these. I am capable of understanding the theorem, but I must admit that diagrams like these often go above my head. Is anyone able to explain this diagram to me, what the arrows represent in in context with the theorem?
The force exerted by the nucleus on the alpha particles is electrostatic in nature. So, why does mass has an effect? How do we conclude that the electrons don't effect the alpha particles from the fact that the mass of the electrons is negligible although they have the same charge as of the protons in the nucleus.
Q. The smoke ____ out from the chimney. a. left b. rose c. went This question was asked recently in an exam. So which one of the options is the most appropriate option to be filled in the blank ?
I want to write a legal memo using Latex. What class should I use in order to do this? Is there any other advice one could offer when formatting a legal memo to my company in Latex?
I believe I can prove that such a solid doesn't exist, because if it did it leads to perpetual, motion as the solid could not remain still in any position on a horizontal surface once it is set in motion, and that is against the first and second law of thermodinamics. My question is if there is a mathematical proof without resorting to physics
It is well known that steel grains tend to grow larger under heat treatment. Is it possible to enlarge grain size through any other means? I cannot seem to find anything via web search. If steel is too narrow a scope, the question can be generalized to all metals.
Let a vertically polarised beam of laser light pass, at right angles, through a horizontally polarised beam of laser light of much greater wavelength. Does the oscillating magnetic field of the one cause Faraday rotation in the other?
I've had my eye on properly understanding climate, climate change and the wide array of phenomena related. But, as a physics grad student, I'd fancy more exact, math-based bibliography, that treats all these interesting topics in a more formal manner, rather than with vague, high-school level explanations. Recommendations are very much appreciated.
The sentence in question is: Donuts are not a part of healthy eating. I'm debating between the following: Nothing wrong Donuts are not part of healthy eating (because "donuts" is plural, is it grammatical for "a part" to follow? Or does this not matter?)
When calculating "antenna element length" should we use the speed of light in the "medium between transmitter and receiver (antenna)" or the speed of light in the "element material"? (for example speed of light in air vs speed of light in Aluminum)
I'm looking for resources/references(books, websites, lectures) that cover everything Fourier: right from series(real, complex) to transforms, discrete transforms, and possibly modern topics like FFT. Particularly, I'm interested in the various applications in image and signal processing, so something that covers this contextually is also much appreciated.
The Wu experiment shows how parity symmetry does not hold for the weak force. However, how does this proof that parity conservation also doesn't hold? If my understanding is correct, the absence of parity conservation would mean that particles with odd parity can change to even parity and the other way around. But what changes parity in this beta decay via the weak interaction?
What is the rhetorical purpose of the phrase: "to be honest?" I think it has become a way to indicate that what came before was a lie but the speaker does not want to be direct. On LinkedIn, I see it used by Climate Crisis disinformers to smear posts about global warming.
I never use more than nine chapters, sections, subsections, or subsubsections. Therefore, I would like to remove the middle periods (but not the final period) in my section heading, as follows, both in the main text and the Table of Contents. Is this possible?
I am trying to submit to arxiv and facing this error. I have the .bbl file in my folder structure. I cannot seem to find the reason of this error. Also, what are .rels files, these are not created by me. I also saw this solution, and tried. It shows output.bbl in the logs. Do I add this in the main folder structure?
Imagine that a rocket is going up at a high speed and after some time its engine shuts off and it separates from the rocket. In such a situation, drag and gravity are both downwards. Does the same direction of drag and gravity cause weightlessness? If yes, why? If not why? And in general, what does this same orientation cause?
Suppose a particle is in time independent potential and NOT in any superposition of eigenstates. Then expectation value of position is time independent and expectation value of momentum should always be zero according to Ehrenfest theorem.Is this true?
What is a system described by a set of random variables for which there are distributions over subsets of these variables which are not marginal of a distribution over all random variables at once. That is, what is an example of contextual statistics in the real world. I would like an example that is not quantum mechanics please
In motion planning for quadrators the optimization goal is sometimes to minimize the (norm squared of the) jerk and more often the (norm squared of the) snap. Can someone provide an intuitive and theoretically explanation? What optimization goal is used for cars in general (i.e. velocity, acceleration, jerk)?
I recently learnt that more than two photons can be entangled. Are all the three photons are expected to have the same polarized angle due to entanglement? Does measuring one of the three photons collapse the entire entanglement or the other two photons continue to be entangled?
This question has been asked before (see this: Amoeba splitting probability), but I've recently come across this article which uses a biased random walk approach. Screenshots from article attached: What are the "usual arguments" being referenced here? Confused as to how he did this.
my friend and i have been debating the answer to this question could someone help me with this by explaining their answer please :) Is it possible to measure the energy of the particle if the wave function psi is not an eigenfunction of the hamiltonian?
Experiments that feature the creation of entangled photons through SPDC often make use of coincidence counters. How can one photon be accurately correlated with its entangled partner by a coincidence counter? Are there any methods or technologies that help decrease the error of coincidence counting methods that help validate the trust in their accuracy that so many experiments depend on?
The ejection of photoelectrons is independent of the intensity of radiation. But the quantity of electrons ejected depends on the intensity. So is there a limit to how much the intensity has to be, below which zero photoelectrons are ejected even if the frequency is sufficient for an emission?
In school we did this experiment. We impacted a laser beam through a solution of sodium bicarbonate and the path of laser was visible in it. Does it have anything to do with coloids? But is this solution a coloid?
This is a picture I found online: I have two questions about this. How do we know that over the power source and over the resistor, the electrical field is parallell to the power source or resistor. I highlighted this with the blue circles. Is the field symmetric around the power source and resistor if we rotate around it?
What metric determines the "geometry" of the gravitational field generated by the mass of the sun? Is there a general metric that incorporates arbitrary mass and devolves into the Schwarzchild metric for black holes that conforms with the Einstein Field Equations?
I was wondering if there was a one-word term for this. I suppose a classic example might be the "Door Close" button on an elevator. Essentially, a working feature that apparently does something, and the user can activate it but it will not actually play any meaningful role in the operation of the device.
Could a Star orbit a rotating black hole inside the ergosphere? If so, how big should the black hole be? I imagine it should be absolutely massive so that tidal forces are minimal. And if all this is possible, are there any special effects on the Star apart from usual time dilation?
I have a small confusion, do conservative forces obey Newton's Second Law always? Because it depends on the end points and the path taken, the acceleration may vary path to path, but the force doesnt depend on it, so IDEALLY it should defy it.
Does it have connection to the physical act of squatting or is it coincidental? After all, people that occupy a property, may just lie or stand in there, instead of squatting. So this does not seem to be very logical. I can't find any etymology or origin story of the legal term...
I've recently been reviewing the Feynman Lectures. Caltech has posted Feynman's actual handouts from his lectures on the website below. https://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/flphandouts.html Though they are helpful supplemental material, most handouts do not come with solutions. Does anybody happen to know how I can find solutions to them?
What is the formula to find the average value of this waveform? What is the relation between the peak to peak value and average value of this waveform? Note that it's not an alternating wave. It's positive but changing wave.
Can Fukui method be employed for the Chern number calculation in a low-energy continuum model? Let's consider the low-energy continuum version of the Kane-Mele model. If not what are some other ways one can try? Thanks.
Example: Once I click on the main text and press "Enter", the Outline Pane automatically switches back to "Table of Contents" (instead of sticking with "Labels and References", which is what I'd like). How do I stop this?
since its an open problem if NP = EXP, so i want to know the problems in exp for whom no polynomial certificates for output verification have been found so far . Any link or name would be nice
I have a problem getting the right template for IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technologies from IEEE Template Selector. I make the right choices but then i get the template for Open Journal of Instruments and Measurements. Where can I find the right template?
I read about time dilation and how to prove time dilation existence with light clock. But how to prove that time slow down on all other type of clocks (biological, mechanical, digital, electric, atomic, etc.)? Is it possible to test it on real experiments? Thanks.
I know that all vectors are contravariant because if we transform into another basis vector we find its components change inversely to its original components. But I don't know why gradient is a covariant. How the components changes same as basis vector changes?
Does "hash browns" refer to a countable thing? Or a substance? Have I had too many or too much "hash browns"? The word "browns" seems to imply a quantity. But, is there such a thing as a single hash brown? Or, are the strands just "pieces of hash browns"? (Or of "hash brown"!?) Why does this all sound wrong??
Gravity is non-linear, so if it is mediated by gravitons, gravitons must interact with each other. On the other hand, the effects of gravity moves with the speed of light, so if it is mediated by gravitons, gravitons must be massless. How can gravitons interact with gravitons if they are not charged under gravity?
I'm a physics teacher and I'm wondering if there's any game for physics elevator problems (weight in accelerating elevator) that the student can play with to better understand in what situations the weight is less or more
In logic, the completeness theorem in propositional logic consists in showing that a formula is provable if and only if it is a sentential tautology. Suppose now that I have a set of non-logical axioms on top of tautologies. Does it make sense to look for a weakest form of the completeness theorem in that case?
Supersymmetry is a model based on symmetry between bosons and fermions. Bosons carry force and they are described by potentials. Fermions are matter particle and they are described by wavefunctions. Does fermions carry force similary to bosons in supersymmetry? Can fermions be described by potentials instead wavefuctions?
Trying to discern correct use of prepositions. Here's the sentence as I have it: This was proof that he could stay steadfast under conditions in which other men could not! Should it be: "...under conditions which other men..." ? Or is there another way that's more correct?
See, it's a simple question.What exactly is stress? Is it the restoring force applied by the body in reaction to deformation force or is it the deformation force itself? I had this doubt because in some videos, they said that stress is the force applied whereas some others said that it's the distribution of internal forces. Please help me clarifying this doubt!!
The Wikipedia article on propagators mentions that the harmonic oscillator propagator can be derived from the free particle propagator using van Kortryk's identity. This is followed by the identity itself which appears formidable. It is not clear to me how to even begin with this. How is van Kortryk's identity used? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagator
I believe the title contains all useful information for the problem. I tried to show that this map would have to be an isometry, but I can't seem to ensure that orthogonal vectors in the domain remain orthogonal in the image.
I'm looking for a word to describe the sensation of emptiness, an emptiness endured for so long that it has evolved into physical pain.: Like you cannot breathe but at the same time feel unable to move or speak or do something you once loved.
I am self studying general relativity and there is some especially hard problem (it is called bonus problem in book) I am currently working on it, but I am trully stuck, so I would appreaciate all the help I could get. Thanks!
This is a follow up question asked and answered (Radio-dating and the age of the earth) The answer was given that the mineral Zircon is formed under high pressures and temperatures. How do we know, for example, most of the Zircon on Earth wasn't formed in some extraterrestrial event before the Earth formed?
The verb for lying is "told","I told a lie." Occasionally I will hear, "I said a lie." The latter usage really is cringey to me although perhaps "said" is a common usage in some areas. Is "said" actually wrong? What do you call verbs that seem to go with specific nouns?
I'd like to create a weighted grid paper template. I'd like it to basically look like a sheet of lined paper, but with faint, equally spaced, vertical lines through it. I looked into the gridpapers template which has a set of templates but I could not figure out how to change the properties of the vertical/horizontal lines.
White holes are described by the time reversed Schwarzschild metric. A test particle which is gravitationally attracted to the black hole's event horizon in the Schwarzschild metric is also gravitationally attracted to the white hole's event horizon in time reversed Schwarzchild metric. Still, white holes are described as a region of "outward-flowing space time". How are both compatible?
Non-native English speaker here. Maybe this is easy for native speakers. Wiktionary clearly explaines, that surfaced roads (covered in gravel, stones or tar) are refered to as metalled roads. Why is metalled used as the overarching word? This seems counter-intuitive since all of the stated materials used for the surface-cover are thoroughly non-metallic.
As far as I understand, local OMP (optical model potential) depends only on the relative position, and non-local OMP depends on relative position and momentum. I am searching for more information so as to understand the difference more intuitively.
SPM and Raman scattering both cause spectral (frequency domain) broadening of ultrashort laser pulses. So I was wondering if what we know as SPM spectral broadening is dependent on Raman scattering at microscopic level. SPM is a nonlinear process. What about Raman scattering? If Raman is not nonlinear, then can a nonlinear process be dependent on a linear process?
Is this the correct term for words which are nouns when the first syllable is stressed, and verbs when the second syllable is stressed? Examples include PERmit and perMIT, and CONtract, and conTRACT. There are frequently-occurring suffixes such as '-ject' and '-tract', but are there any other relevant rules and patterns?
I wanted to extend the length of the last line in a minipage, so it touches the minipage margin (creates a perfect box of text). I doubt it has any practical use, but im trying to recreate a poem in LaTeX. Sorry if there is a simple answer, I learned LaTeX basics just today. I hope it's even possible.
I am wondering if a nonlinear map can be considered like a set of linear maps, with a different linear map for each element in the domain. And a linear map would then be the case where the offsets and scales are the same over the whole domain. Or does nonlinear map have more connotations to it?
This is a question about conservation of momentum. Will the inertia of the rotating pencil make the pencil bounce higher? Both cases the pencil is dropped from the same height but the spinning pencil is made to spin by a force couple besides being dropped.
At least, why not try with protons, they are much heavier and at the end, any deflection from Lorentz force will not overshadow the Stern- Gerlach phenomenon. But the question is still, was such experiment carried out or not?
Today the prof. a new sign and I don't know how to draw it. It is like overline, but on both ends of the line go down, so there is half of a rectangle above the letter. Does anyone know, how to make it in Latex?
My friends and family call me Tumbleweed because I'm tall and clumsy, but sometimes I wander if there's more to it when my "friends" call me Tumbleweed. I was wandering if Tumbleweed can be used as a nickname for such a person (clumsy and gangly)?
I was wondering...if entropy is a "state function" then why does going through an irreversible cycle give a negative value for entropy (Clausius inequality), I know it might be due to the fact that entropy is an unnatural transformation but I want to understand why? cause it is still a cycle... why it isn't a zero value?
I'm looking for a template (or a class) to write a systematic literature review in Public Health Sciences. I can use the article class, or a specific class as oup-contemporary; but I'm wondering if such a template exists? I didn't find any specific template for a systematic literature review. If I can't find it, I can create one with the article class.
In Linux when I want to install packages that are not provided by my distribution's repository, I can manually add entries to sources.list and download them. Are there any such alternative repositories for TeX that provide well-maintained packages unavailable in CTAN? Or is CTAN the one and only go-to for TeX packages?
If a point charge with q charge is brought near a conducting body(especially sphere) how much charge will be induced in the body? Also when will induced charge be equal to inducing charge? Edit:- I want to know when the conductor is earthed and as well as when it isn't, assuming a metallic body in vacuum or medium.
Which sentence is grammatically correct or sounds more native-like? Politicians tend to discuss their sources of income nontransparently, leaving the discussions surrounding them out. Politicians tend to discuss their sources of income nontransparently, leaving out the discussions surrounding them.
I have a picture that is a rectangle and has an open center. I want this image to be my page border. How would I go about doing this? If I try to make the picture fit the entire page then I can't have the text on the same page that the image is on.
This is a graph represents the number of times a week the students in a class walk to school A question asked is "In total, how many times do all the boys in the class walk to school per week?" I don't even understand the question to be honest. What is being asked and what is the answer?
Why is it impossible to determine a real inertial frame? We can determine the applied torque on a gyroscope by observing its precession. And thus we can evaluate the acceleration of our non-inertial frame. Is this acceleration relative to a real inertial frame? If so then it should be easy to determine a real inertial frame. Help me on this, IM really confused
How does the above circuit work? My textbook only has potential divider circuits such that there is only one output voltage. Such as this one. Could we replace the arrowed line in the uppermost diagram with two lines? This is the only way the above diagram would make sense to me.
Could someone provide references for a modern treatment of statistical manifolds? I have so far only found treatments that seem quite old, where the notation is somewhat dense to follow, to some extent probably because the font seem adapted to "old-school" typewriters.
When a potential explicitly depends on time, energy is not conserved. However, if we take into account what is causing this potential (for example, a machine moving some object(s)), would the total energy of the combined system be conserved? I'd like to know if there's any proof one way or the other in the most general case.
I saw in one place the phrase "A which means B" being used as "A is equivalent to B", and in another instance the same phrase being used to mean "A if only B". Which is the correct usage? My feeling is that it means "A is equivalent to B".
Here's the example: "They are first taught the basic procedures for scuba diving, including safety and communication with fellow divers, then familiarize themselves with the equipment before dipping their toes into the water." I could come up with simpler examples but this is the one that I'm struggling with. Is it odd either syntactically or semantically?