page_title: Three Crowns
section_title: In English armory
hierarchical_section_title: Three Crowns / Other three crown designs / In English armory
caption_attribution_description: English: Carving of an Angel holding a Three Crowns emblem on a baptismal font (c.1400) in St. John the Baptist parish church, Saxmundham, Suffolk. These are the attributed arms of King Edmund the Martyr (alias St Edmund, Edmund of East Anglia), died 20 November 869), king of East Anglia from about 855-869: Azure, three ducal crowns or. Attributed arms of King Edmund the Martyr (alias St Edmund, Edmund of East Anglia), King of East Anglia from about 855-869: Azure, three ducal crowns or[1]
context_page_description: Three Crowns is the national emblem of Sweden, present in the coat of arms of Sweden, and composed of three yellow or gilded coronets ordered two above and one below, placed on a blue background.
  The emblem is often used as a symbol of official State authority by the Monarchy, the Riksdag, the Government of Sweden and by Swedish embassies around the world, but also appears in other less formal contexts, such as the Sweden men's national ice hockey team, who wear the symbol on their sweaters and hence are called "Three Crowns", and atop the Stockholm City Hall. The Three Crowns are also used as the roundel on military aircraft of the Swedish Air Force and as a sign on Swedish military equipment in general, and also on the uniforms and vehicles of the Swedish Police Authority.
  Because of their Scandinavian origin, the Three Crowns are also lesser-known features in the royal coat of arms of Denmark where they might be referred to as the "union mark".
context_section_description: A shield of three golden crowns, placed two above one, on a blue background, has been used a symbol of East Anglia for centuries. The coat of arms was ascribed by mediaeval heralds to the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of East Anglia and the Wuffingas dynasty which ruled it. The flag of the East Anglian king and saint, Edmund the Martyr consists of three gold crowns on a field of blue (Azure, three crowns Or), The East Anglian flag as it is known today was proposed by George Henry Langham and adopted in 1902 by the London Society of East Anglians (established in 1896). It superimposes the three crowns in a blue shield on a St George's cross.
  The three crowns appear, carved in stone, on the baptismal font (c.1400) in the parish church of Saxmundham, and on the 15th century porch of Woolpit church, both in Suffolk.
  The emblem of three crowns is evident in East Anglian local heraldry; they appear in the arms of the diocese of Ely and the borough of Bury St Edmunds where the crowns are shown pierced with arrows to represent the martyrdom of St Edmund. They were also included in the arms of the former Isle of Ely County Council, the Borough of Colchester and the University of East Anglia.
  A three crowns design is the coat of arms of the city of Kingston upon Hull, a large port in Yorkshire, but this design sees the three crowns stacked vertically and relates back to the Royal charter of 1299. The emblem is used by the city council and the city's two rugby league teams.
  In the literature, the coat of arms of the legendary King Arthur is also often given as azure with three crowns or. Indeed, Britain included three realms, Logres (England), Cambria (Wales) and Alba (Scotland).
  The University of Oxford uses as its emblem the three gold crowns on blue accompanied by an open book.  The origin of the three crowns is not exactly known but may refer to the arms of Thomas Cranley, Warden of New College between 1389 and 1396.
  Two Anglican dioceses in England use the three crowns emblem; Ely (gules three ducal coronets two over one or) and Bristol (sable three crowns arranged in pale or, similar to the city of Hull).
  The first corporate coat of arms was granted in 1439 to the Drapers' Company in London with three triple crowns. Three crowns also form the logo of Coutts, the London-based private bankers, but in this case the design comprises one crown at the top, with two below.
caption: Three crowns emblem at Saxmundham parish church, Suffolk, England
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