page_title: UVS (Juno)
hierarchical_section_title: UVS (Juno)
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch&#58; Bild von ultraviolettem Polarlicht auf Jupiter, aufgenommen mit dem Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) des Weltraumteleskops Hubble der NASA. • STScI-PRC00-38 Helle Streifen und Tupfen sind verursacht durch magnetischen Flussröhren, die Jupiter mit seinen größten Monden verbindet: Io: heller Streifen ganz links, Ganymed: heller Tupfer unterhalb der Bildmitte, Europa: Tupfer rechts dessen von GanymedEnglish&#58; This is a spectacular NASA Hubble Space Telescope close-up view of an electric-blue aurora that is eerily glowing one half billion miles away on the giant planet Jupiter. Auroras are curtains of light resulting from high-energy electrons racing along the planet's magnetic field into the upper atmosphere. The electrons excite atmospheric gases, causing them to glow. The image shows the main oval of the aurora, which is centered on the magnetic north pole, plus more diffuse emissions inside the polar cap. Though the aurora resembles the same phenomenon that crowns Earth's polar regions, the Hubble image shows unique emissions from the magnetic "footprints" of three of Jupiter's largest moons. (These points are reached by following Jupiter's magnetic field from each satellite down to the planet). Auroral footprints can be seen in this image from Io (along the left hand limb), Ganymede (near the center), and Europa (just below and to the right of Ganymede's auroral footprint). These emissions, produced by electric currents generated by the satellites, flow along Jupiter's magnetic field, bouncing in and out of the upper atmosphere. They are unlike anything seen on Earth. This ultraviolet image of Jupiter was taken with the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on November 26, 1998. In this ultraviolet view, the aurora stands out clearly, but Jupiter's cloud structure is masked by haze. This image was taken in UV light at 140 nm.
context_page_description: UVS, known as the Ultraviolet Spectrograph or Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer is the name of an instrument on the Juno orbiter for Jupiter. The instrument is an imaging spectrometer that observes the ultraviolet range of light wavelengths, which is shorter wavelengths than visible light but longer than X-rays. Specifically, it is focused on making remote observations of the aurora, detecting the emissions of gases such as hydrogen in the far-ultraviolet. UVS will observes light from as short a wavelength as 70 nm up to 200 nm, which is in the extreme and far ultraviolet range of light. The source of aurora emissions of Jupiter is one of the goals of the instrument. UVS is one of many instruments on Juno, but it is in particular designed to operate in conjunction with JADE, which observes high-energy particles. With both instruments operating together, both the UV emissions and high-energy particles at the same place and time can be synthesized. This supports the Goal of determining the source of the Jovian magnetic field.
context_section_description: UVS, known as the Ultraviolet Spectrograph or Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer is the name of an instrument on the Juno orbiter for Jupiter. The instrument is an imaging spectrometer that observes the ultraviolet range of light wavelengths, which is shorter wavelengths than visible light but longer than X-rays. Specifically, it is focused on making remote observations of the aurora, detecting the emissions of gases such as hydrogen in the far-ultraviolet. UVS will observes light from as short a wavelength as 70 nm up to 200 nm, which is in the extreme and far ultraviolet range of light. The source of aurora emissions of Jupiter is one of the goals of the instrument. UVS is one of many instruments on Juno, but it is in particular designed to operate in conjunction with JADE, which observes high-energy particles. With both instruments operating together, both the UV emissions and high-energy particles at the same place and time can be synthesized. This supports the Goal of determining the source of the Jovian magnetic field. There has been a problem understanding the Jovian aurora, ever since Chandra determined X-rays were coming not from, as it was thought Io's orbit but from the polar regions. Every 45 minutes an X-ray hot-spot pulsates, corroborated by a similar previous detection in radio emissions by Galileo and Cassini spacecraft. One theory is that its related to the solar wind. The mystery is not that there are X-rays coming Jupiter, which has been known for decades, as detected by previous X-ray observatories, but rather why with the Chandra observation, that pulse was coming from the north polar region.
  There is two main parts to UVS, the optical section and an electronics box. It has a small reflecting telescope and also a scan mirror, and it can do long-slit spectrography. UVS uses a Rowland circle spectrograph and a toroidal holographical grating. The detector uses a micro-channel plate detector with the sensor being a CsI photocathode to detect the UV light
  UVS was launched aboard the Juno spacecraft on August 5, 2011 (UTC) from Cape Canaveral, USA, as part of the New Frontiers program, and after an interplanetary journey that including a swingby of Earth, entered a polar orbit of Jupiter on July 5, 2016 (UTC),
  For detection of following gasses in the far UV:
  Hydrogen (H)
  Molecular hydrogen (H₂)
  Methane (CH₄)
  Acetylene (C₂H₂)
  UVS is similar to ultraviolet spectrometers flown on New Horizons (Pluto probe), Rosetta (comet probe) and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. One of the changes is shielding to help the instrument endure Jupiter's radiation environment.
  The electronics are located inside the Juno Radiation Vault, which uses titanium to protect it and other spacecraft electronics. The UVS electronics include two power supplies and data processing. UVS electronics box uses an Actel 8051 microcontroller.
  UVS was developed at the Space Science Department at Southwest Research Institute
  UVIS data in concert with JEDI observations detected electrical potentials of 400,000 electron volts (400 keV), 20-30 times higher than Earth, driving charged particles into the polar regions of Jupiter.
  There was a proposal to use Juno's UVS (and JIRAM) in collaboration with the Hubble Space Telescope instruments STIS and ACS to study Jupiter aurora in UV.
caption: Ultraviolet image of Jupiter's aurora; the bright spot at far left is the end of field line to Io; spots at bottom lead to Ganymede and Europa. This was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope from Earth orbit, using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
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