page_title: Stabiae
section_title: Temples
hierarchical_section_title: Stabiae / Villas / Temples
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Die Insel von Torre Annunziata Rovigliano gesehen English: The island seen from Torre Annunziata Rovigliano Español: La isla vista desde Torre Annunziata Rovigliano Français&#160;: L'île vue de Torre Annunziata Rovigliano Italiano: L'isolotto di Rovigliano visto da Torre Annunziata
context_page_description: Stabiae was an ancient city situated near the modern town of Castellammare di Stabia and approximately 4.5 km southwest of Pompeii. Like Pompeii, and being only 16 kilometres from Mount Vesuvius, this seaside resort was largely buried by tephra ash in 79 AD, in this case at a smaller depth of up to five metres.
  Stabiae is most famous for the Roman villas found there which have provided some of the most stunning architectural and artistic remains from any Roman villas. They were the largest concentration of excellently preserved, enormous, elite seaside villas in the entire Roman world. The villas were sited on a 50 m high headland overlooking the Gulf of Naples. However, unlike Pompeii and Herculaneum, Stabiae was reburied by 1782 and so failed to establish itself as a destination for travellers on the Grand Tour and subsequently has unjustifiably been in their shadow.
  Many of the objects and frescoes taken from these villas are now in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples.
context_section_description: The almost total absence of temples in the central Stabiae area suggests that these were most likely razed to the ground during the occupation of Sulla: however, some remains suggest the presence of various sacred structures such as a temple dedicated to Hercules, Diana, Athena, Cybele and most importantly the Genius Stabianum.
  The temple of Hercules was located on the rock of Rovigliano (Petra Herculis), a limestone islet about 200 metres from the coast. The name Rovigliano derives either from an ancient Roman family name, the gens Rubilia or from the consul Rubelio, owner of the rock, or from the Latin term robilia the leguminous plants which grew abundantly in the ager area. Few traces of the temple of Hercules remain nut include a wall in opus reticulatum and a bronze statue representing Hercules, which has since been lost.
  The temple of Diana was located in the hamlet of Pozzano at the southern end of the ager stabianus on the hill near the basilica of the Madonna di Pozzano. In 1585 remnants were found in the church garden including a altar with deer heads, flowers and fruits, which is now kept in the Villa San Marco.
  The temple of Athena was brought to light in 1984 in the Privati area, on the banks of the Rivo Calcarella, over an area of about 200 square metres. The temple dates from the Samnite period, probably built around the 4th century BC and contained a large quantity of artifacts. Among the most important finds found in this temple is a relief of the head of Hercules, of Hellenistic inspiration, made between the fourth and third century BC.
  The temple of Cybele was discovered in 1863, in Trivione, Gragnano, during widening of a road.
  The temple of the Genius Stabianum was brought to light in 1762 and after its exploration reburied: it is supposed to be between the hill of Varano and Santa Maria Charity. A plaque commemorated that the temple was restored after the earthquake of 62 and the work carried out by Caesius Daphnus.
caption: The rock of Rovigliano
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