page_title: José Sánchez Marco
section_title: Deputy (1905-1916)
hierarchical_section_title: José Sánchez Marco / Deputy (1905-1916)
caption_attribution_description: English: Juan Olazabal Ramery
context_page_description: José Benigno Sánchez Marco was a Spanish Traditionalist politician, associated mostly with a branch known as Integrism and operating as Partido Católico Nacional, though active also within the mainstream Carlism. He is recognized as one of the longest-serving Integrist deputies to the Cortes, his 4 consecutive terms lasting between 1905 and 1916. He also presided over a number of Navarrese Catholic and landowners’ organizations.
context_section_description: Prior to the 1905 electoral campaign the Integrists joined Liga Foral Autonomista, a centre-right alliance active in the Vascongadas and Navarre. As representative of the party Sánchez Marco was offered a place on the alliance list in Azpeitia, a rural Gipuzkoan constituency which since the early 1890s remained an Integrist stronghold. Virtually assured of success he indeed emerged victorious and commenced a parliamentarian career which was to last during the following 11 years; the period of 1905-1916 marked his political climax.
  Sánchez Marco's success relied on alliance with the Carlists, who in the early 20th century achieved political domination in Navarre. Enjoying position which was to last until the late 1910s, they used to gain most parliamentary mandates available for the province and by means of alliances partially controlled the remaining ones. As venomous hostility between the Integrists and the Carlists gave way to rapprochement, the former were key beneficiaries of the Carlist alliance strategy, especially by means of the so-called "second vote" in Pamplona. When the party leader Ramón Nocedal died in 1907, his place in the city was offered to Sánchez Marco, the second most important Integrist in Navarre. This mechanism ensured his success in 3 consecutive electoral campaigns of 1907, 1910 and 1914. In case of 1910 the Carlist-Integrist alliance enjoyed such a supremacy that no counter-candidate dared to challenge Sánchez Marco, who was declared victorious according to the notorious Article 29. Contemporary scholars count him among "grupo de poder de la ciudad" and member of the inter-related family cacique network.
  Though in the chamber Sánchez Marco remained member of a minuscule, 2-person Integrist opposition minority, he turned a rather restless deputy; he excelled in harassing governments during question sessions, engaging in debates and launching new motions, usually swiftly killed during the legislative process. His activity was mostly about siding with the Church, promoting religious interests and attempting to thwart liberal designs; its climax fell on the 1910 debates related to the so-called Ley del Candado, when he animated local Junta Católica de Defensa. He became known also promoting regional establishments and especially official usage of Basque and Catalan, admitting allegiance to "nuestra lengua vascongada" and protesting exclusivity of castellano in the public realm. Last but not least, a number of times he intervened in local Navarrese cases.
  Within Integrism Sánchez Marco was active taking part in propaganda gatherings in Navarre and sometimes beyond,mostly in Catalonia, though he withdrew from provincial Navarrese party structures and focused on nationwide executive. Already before Nocedal's death he used to take vice-president seats during various party assemblies; afterwards he entered a 7-member directorio and was one of its 2 vice-presidents. When in 1909 the body was re-formatted as a 3-member Jefatura, Sánchez Marco emerged as the second most important party figure after its president, Juan Olazábal Ramery.
caption: Juan Olazábal Ramery
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