page_title: William Bush (Hornblower)
section_title: Biographical summary
hierarchical_section_title: William Bush (Hornblower) / Biographical summary
caption_attribution_description: English: (unknown title) Auguste Mayer (1805-1890). Oil on canvas, 1836, 105 cm x 162 cm The actual title of the image is unknown, painted in 1836 by Auguste Mayer, it is suggested that the information about the painting was lost during WWII and it was given incorrect background and title when recovered. The picture is one of six that Mayer painted in 1836 about the struggle and fights of ship of the line Bucentaure during the Battle of Trafalgar (cf. Musée Nationale de la Marine website). The ship in the foreground on right (firing to the Bucentaure) is the British 2nd-rate Sandwich, not present at Trafalgar, actually being hulked for harbour duty at the time. It is therefore generally held that the Sandwich is actually the British 2nd-rate Temeraire, incorrectly titled by the artist, and the dismasted ship in foreground left is the French 74-gun 3rd-rate Redoutable. Research shows that the French ship in the foreground is actually Bucentaure, as the figurehead is that of Bucentaure, the ship is a two-decker fitting the description and design of Bucentaure and the men clustered around the mainmast fit with the events aboard the Bucentaure during the battle. Français&#160;: (titre inconnu) Auguste Mayer (1805-1890). Huile sur toile, 1836, 105 cm x 162 cm Le titre réel du tableau n'est pas connu. Peint en 1836 par Auguste Mayer, il est probable que l'information sur le tableau ait été perdue durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et que lorsque le tableau est réapparu, on lui ait attribué un contexte et un titre erronés. Ce tableau fait partie d'un ensemble de six. Les six tableaux représentaient les combats que livra le Bucentaure tout au long de la Bataille de Trafalgar (cf. le site internet du Musée Nationale de la Marine). Le navire figurant au premier plan et qui ouvre le feu sur le Bucentaure est un navire de deuxième classe, le Sandwich, qui n'était pas présent à Trafalgar, étant au port à ce moment-là. Il est généralement admis que le Sandwich est en fait le Temeraire, mal nommé par l'artiste, et que le navire démâté dans le fond à gauche est le Redoutable, un navire de troisième classe français armé de 74 canons. Les recherches montrent que le navire à l'avant-plan est en fait le Bucentaure, au vu de sa figure de proue, de sa ressemblance avec la description et la conception à double pont du Bucentaure, et de la présence des hommes attroupés autour du mât principal qui correspond avec la description des événements à bord du Bucentaure lors de la bataille.
context_page_description: Captain William Bush RN is a fictional character in C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower series. He is Hornblower's best friend, and serves with Hornblower in the Royal Navy prior to the Peace of Amiens and again during the Napoleonic Wars.
context_section_description: Little of the private life of William Bush is revealed in the Hornblower novels. A significant personal detail about Bush is that he has a mother and four sisters who live in a cottage in Chichester and depend upon Bush for their support. His sisters "devoted all their attention to him whenever it was possible," and he is as devoted to them as he gives them half of his pay. Forester does not reveal whether Bush grew up in Chichester, or at what age he left home. He was "brought up in a harsh school," an experience which taught him caution and perhaps contributed to his natural stolidity.
  Forester did not give a date of birth for Bush: indeed, Bush's age changes over the course of the novels. Bush is first described as being a few years older than Hornblower (similar to an older brother), but is later described as ten years older. There is also inconsistency with the length of Bush and Hornblower's friendship: statements in the first novel imply that Bush only met Hornblower with the commission of Lydia, which was overwritten by Lieutenant Hornblower. Nevertheless, Forester does portray Bush consistently as a character who is wistfully protective of his younger friend.
  In July 1796 Bush received his commission as lieutenant while serving on HMS Superb, and thus took the first significant step in his career as a naval officer. Bush recalls that he relied more on "seamanship and not navigation" to pass the requisite examination.
  Bush served on board HMS Conqueror just prior to his assignment to Renown. However, Hornblower "biographer" C. Northcote Parkinson remarks that "Bush's last ship had been the HMS Dolphin sloop".
  Once aboard HMS Renown, Bush meets Horatio Hornblower for the first time:
   Lieutenant William Bush came on board H.M.S. Renown as she lay at anchor in the Hamoaze and reported himself to the officer of the watch, who was a tall and rather gangling individual with hollow cheeks and a melancholy cast of countenance, whose uniform looked as if it had been put on in the dark and not readjusted since. 
  Although this initial meeting with his junior officer was less than impressive, Bush quickly realized that Hornblower was brilliant yet adept at disguising his brilliance so as not to offend his superiors. Bush's first impulse was to be suspicious of both the brilliance and the evident "duplicity", but his respect for Hornblower overcame this impulse and lead him to friendship and trust. His respect - and his honesty - also compelled Bush to realize that although he was Hornblower's senior officer, Hornblower was the better leader and strategist. Making the best of this awkward situation, Bush gave Hornblower ample opportunity to make and carry out plans during their mission to Samaná. These plans succeeded; Bush gave Hornblower full credit; and Hornblower was promoted to commander. This was the second significant step in Bush's career as a naval officer. Although it at first appears to be a step backwards (Hornblower was suddenly Bush's superior officer) it was in fact mutually beneficial, for if Hornblower was a born leader Bush was a born follower.
  Upon return to England Renown was laid up, and Bush encountered a time of unemployment. As an officer he still retained his half-pay, but this he used primarily to support his mother and sisters. Without either the influence to gain an appointment as lieutenant in the reduced navy or the experience necessary to join the merchant service, Bush had to cope with poverty. An aspect of this poverty was social in nature, as it prevented him from spending time in taverns or coffeehouses (such as the Keppel's Head) where he normally would have enjoyed the company of his peers:
  In there, he knew, there would be warmth and good company. The fortunate officers with prize money to spend; the incredibly fortunate officers who had found themselves appointments in the peacetime navy - they would be in there yarning and taking wine with each other. He could not afford wine. He thought longingly for a moment about a tankard of beer ... 
  In February 1803 a chance meeting with his frien
caption: Bush served as a junior Lieutenant on board HMS Temeraire during the Battle of Trafalgar (Temeraire is on the left side of the picture, immediately behind Bucentaure, the dismasted ship).[4]
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