page_title: Culture of Saskatchewan
section_title: Bilingualism, multiculturalism, foreign influences, American influences
hierarchical_section_title: Culture of Saskatchewan / Development of Saskatchewan culture / Bilingualism, multiculturalism, foreign influences, American influences
caption_attribution_description: Per cent proportion the population of each specified origin by nativity is of the total population of each province, 1916. Census of Prairie Province, 1916 - Saskatchewan. Own work, pie chart made from table on page 7 Census of Prairie Provinces Population and Agriculture Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Ottawa J. de Labroquerie Taché Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty 1918 [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/census/1916census.html Saskatchewan Gen Web 1916 Census Statistics
context_page_description: Culture of Saskatchewan views the patterns of human activity in the central prairie province of Canada examining the way people live in the geography, climate, and social context of Saskatchewan.
  First Nations and fur traders adopted a transhumance and hunting and gathering lifestyle to fulfill their economic and sustenance needs. Early homesteaders and settlers in the 19th and early 20th centuries likewise spent the majority of their time proving up their homesteads, tilling the land and providing subsistence agricultural products for their families. The early 20th century developed successful agricultural practices, and society rejoiced in the Roaring Twenties. The depression and drought years of the dirty thirties took agricultural sustenance away. Electricity became established throughout the various Saskatchewan regions. The economy saw a growth not only in the agricultural sector, but labour was freed up to also pursue choices other than agriculture. A major breakthrough was seen in the arts and culture scene in Saskatchewan from the 1940s onward. Arts and cultural activities before this date were of the main on a family, individual and unpaid level.
context_section_description: Clifford Sifton established colonial offices in Europe and the United States to encourage immigration from Britain and the United States, and by Ukrainians, Doukhobors, and other groups from the Austrian Empire to populate the Canadian West. Between 1891 and 1914 was the largest influx of immigration to the North West Territories and the province of Saskatchewan. The French Métis in Duck Lake and St. Louis of 1870, Qu'Appelle Farming colony and Bell Farm of 1880, Cannington Manor of 1882, East London Artisans Colony of 1884, The New Elsass German block colony of 1885, New Stockholm Swedish colony of 1885, Rosthern Mennonite Colony of 1893, Montmartre/Grenfell Galician settlement of 1896, and the Good Spirit Lake Doukhobor Annex (Devils Lake colony) of 1899 are just a few of the earliest ethnic bloc settlements established in the 19th century in the early North West Territories.  Ethnic block settlements of this early time concentrated on developing their agricultural methods, and then establishing churches and schooling.  Religion and education was based on what they knew from their home country.  World War I showed that there was a need for a common identity and language in Canada and the west.  Schools established a provincial curriculum and standard language.  The cultural identity shifted from the homeland to creating a new society and culture with a single unifying language to aid economics and social growth.  World War II again emphasized a need for an identity which was truly and uniquely Canadian, which was also a desired norm in Saskatchewan.
caption: Per cent proportion of the population of each specified origin by nativity of the total population of Saskatchewan, 1916
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