page_title: 14th century
section_title: Literary figures
hierarchical_section_title: 14th century / Significant people / Literary figures
caption_attribution_description: Español: Estatua de Dante Alighieri Français&#160;: Statue de Dante Alighieri, à Florence au piazzale des Offices (avec une épigraphe comportant l'orthographe ancienne Allighieri). Italiano: Statua di Dante Alighieri di Emilio Demi, sita a Firenze presso la Galleria degli Uffizi (si noti come l'epigrafe riporti la lezione arcaicizzante del cognome, Allighieri). Deutsch: Statue von Dante Alighieri (Beschriftung Allighieri nach alter Rechtschreibung mit zwei "L"). Dante Alighieri (c. 1 June 1265 – September 13/14, 1321) was a Florentine poet Statue outside the Uffizi, Florence Own photo - photo taken on 12 October 2005
context_page_description: As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from January 1, 1301, to December 31, 1400. It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa and the Indian Subcontinent experienced economic growth and prosperity.
  In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives – wiping out one third of the European population – while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire.
  In Asia, Tamerlane, established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. Scholars estimate that Timur's military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time.
context_section_description: Dante Alighieri, Italian poet and writer (1265–1321)
  Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch), Italian poet and writer (1304–1374)
  Giovanni Boccaccio, Italian poet and writer (1313–1375)
  Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet and writer (1343 - 1400)
  Hafiz, Persian poet (c. 1310–1379)
  William Langland (ca. 1332 – ca. 1386) is the conjectured author of the English dream-vision Piers Plowman
  Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena, Spanish author (1282–1349)
  Christine de Pizan, French writer (1364–1430)
  Shi Nai'an (1296—1372), Chinese writer; author of Water Margin
  Luo Guanzhong (1330–1400), Chinese writer; author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms
  Johannes Gutenberg (1398-1468), German printer and inventor; author of Gutenberg Bible
caption: Statue of Dante Alighieri at the Uffizi, Florence
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